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CONTENTS.
-Review of labor legislation of 1918:
Page.
Introduction____________________________________________________________
5, 6
Contract o f employm ent-----------------------------------------------------------------------6-9
Enforcement_______________________________________________________
6
Interference with employment____________________________________
7, 8
Compulsory work law s____________________________________________
8
Sundry provisions_________________________________________________
8, 9
9,10
Examination and licensing o f workm en________________________ ______
W a g e s _________________________________________________________________ 10-12
A m ou n t____________________________________________________________ 10,11
Time o f payment__________________________________________________
11
A ssignm ents_______________________________________________________
11
Protection o f wages______________________________________________
12
H ours o f labor_________________________________________________________ 12,13
Public employment________________________________________________ 12,13
Private em ploym ent______________________________________________
13
Holidays and rest days_______________________________________________
13
Hygiene and safety____________________________________________________ 13-15
F actories____________________________________________;______________13-15
Mine regulations________________________________________ __________
15
R ailroads__________________________________________________________
15
• Women and children___________________________________________________15-18
Employment offices____________________________________________________ 18,19
Bureaus o f labor_______________________________________________________ 19, 20
State councils o f defense___________________________________________<
__20, 21
Mothers’ pensions_______________________________________ ______________
21
Retirement funds______________________________________________________ 21, 22
Em ployers’ liability____________________________________________________ „ 22
Accident in su ran ce____________________________________________________
22
Labor d isp u tes________________________________________________________ 22, 23
Cooperative associations______________________________________________
23
Civil rights o f employees______________________________________________
23
Vocational edu ca tion ________ •
________________________________________ 23, 24
Convict labor___________________________________________________________24-26
Commissions on housing______________________________________________
26
la w s o f various States relating to labor enacted since January 1, 1918:
A rizon a ________________________________________________________________
27
D elaw are_____________________________________________________________ *_
29
District o f Columbia_________________________________________________ 31-34
G e o rg ia ________________________________________________________________ 35-37
K entucky_______________________________________________________________ 39-44
L ou isia n a ______________________________________________________________ 45-49
3
4
CONTENTS.
la w s o f various States relating to labor enacted since January 1,
1918— Concluded.
Page.
M aryla n d ______________________________________________________________
51
M assachusetts---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53-00
M ississippi_____________________________________________________________
61
M ontan a_______________________________________ ________________________ 63, 64
Orders o f State council o f defense-----------------------------------------------64
Nebraska_______________________________________________________________
65
New Jersey_____________________________________________________________ 67-75
New York______________________________________________________________ 77-88
North Dakota----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------89
Porto R ico______________________________________________________________
91
Rhode Island__________________________________________________________ 93-95
South C a rolin a__________________________________________________ ______ 97, 98
South D akota---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------99,100
T e x a s ________________________________________________________________ 101-103
V irginia.^____________________________________________________ ^______ 105-110
W isconsin____________________________________________________________ 111,112
United States________________________________________________________ 113-122
Cumulative index________________________________________________________ 123-169
BULLETIN OF THE
U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS.
WASHINGTON.
n o . 257.
J u n e , is id .
REVIEW OF LABOR LEGISLATION OF 1918.
B Y L IN D L E Y D. C L A R K .
INTRODUCTION.
In 1918 there were 23 legislative bodies in session in the United
States, o f which 11 were in regular session and 12 in special session,
besides the meeting o f the Federal Congress. In every State except
two, laws were enacted affecting the relations or status o f employers
and employees. The present bulletin presents the results of this legis
lation, supplementing the basic compilation o f such material, Bulle
tin No. 148. This bulletin undertook to present all legislation in its
field in force at the end o f the year 1913, and annual bulletins have
been issued since that date covering the succeeding years. These are
numbered 166, 186, 213, and 244. One important subject o f labor
legislation has been omitted from these bulletins—that o f workmen’s
compensation. The bulk and special interest of this legislation has
warranted its separate presentation, which appears in bulletins Nos.
203 and 243. Each o f these series carries a cumulative index, so that
the entire material on any given subject may be referred to by the use
o f the index in the latest number issued.
In 1918, as in 1917, there is a considerable showing of the effects
o f the economic conditions resulting from the war. Fortunately the
attempted waiver o f labor laws, somewhat in evidence in 1917, was
not pursued in any effective way in 1918, the undesirability of lower
ing standards of health and safety based on experience that have
been reached through years of effort having been emphasized suffi
ciently to check any movement in this direction. States which had not
previously created councils of defense did so in 1918, for the express
purpose of securing the coordination o f all the forces o f the State,
industrial and other, for the achievement of the aims involved in the
war. Some extension was given to the idea of compulsory labor serv5
6
R E V IE W OF LABOR LE G ISLA TIO N OF 1918.
ice, while other laws were enacted looking toward the replacement in
industry of those who had been withdrawn through the exigencies o f
military or naval service. The impression created by the necessities
o f the wounded soldiers and sailors, disabled for their accustomed
vocations, gave rise to action by the Federal Government looking
towards the retraining of wounded men for such occupations as
they might appear to be qualified f o r ; and this idea received counte
nance in one State both for its citizens in military service and for
those injured in industry.
To the war also may be accredited in some measure legislation re
garding convict labor, the importance o f making use o f the entire
productive force of the Nation having influenced a few legislative
bodies to make provision for the employment of convicts to this end.
This class of labor also continued to receive attention along the same
lines ^ in the recent past, the desirability of eliminating the con
tract system being increasingly recognized.
Notwithstanding the war, the amount of legislation on the subject
o f woman and child labor is almost as great as usual, though the
laws are chiefly amendatory. One exception is the minimum wage
law o f the District of Columbia. Vocational education in accord
ance with the provisions o f the act of the Federal Government for
cooperation received attention in several legislatures which had not
had opportunity to take earlier action. A summary o f these various
laws and others not here noted follows.
CONTRACT OF EMPLOYMENT.
ENFORCEMENT.
Despite the narrow constitutional basis which can be found for
laws seeking the enforcement o f the labor contract, attempts continue
to be made in this field. The legislature o f South Carolina repealed
its existing law on the subject o f fraudulent breach o f contract where
advances have been made, and enacted a law having the same end in
view, but omitting provisions making certain facts prima facie evi
dence o f an offense under the law (No. 469). The law is also made
applicable only in cases where the advances to the workman are made
at the time o f the commencement o f service under the contract. A
Virginia statute on this subject (ch. 179) provides for punishment
as for larceny where a workman procures advances with intent to in
jure or defraud and fraudulently refuses to perform the work con
tracted for or to refund the advances made. It may be noted in pass
ing that a law o f this type was recently declared unconstitutional
by the Supreme Court of Louisiana (State v. Oliva, 80 So. 195).
CO NTRACT OF E M P L O Y M E N T .
7
INTERFERENCE W ITH EMPLOYMENT.
The laws against criminal syndicalism enacted in 1917 by two
States seem to have met the approval o f a group of legislatures in
that general section o f our country, laws o f this type having been
enacted in Arizona (ch. 13), Montana (ch. 7), Nebraska (ch. 9),
North Dakota (ch. 12), and South Dakota (ch. 38). The definition
of the term seems to be taken from the early enactments and signifies
that doctrine which advocates crime, sabotage, violence, force, arson,
the destruction o f property, or other terrorism as a means o f accom
plishing industrial or political ends. The term “ sabotage ” is used
alone in some o f the laws, and is defined as malicious destruction or
injury o f property, plants, equipment, etc., either industrial or agri
cultural. Teaching the doctrine o f syndicalism and assembling to
teach it, as well as engaging in the reprobated practices, are offenses.
Owners o f halls permitting such assemblies therein are also subject to
punishment, while the officers or agents o f any organization or asso
ciation aiding or causing the forbidden acts are charged with liability
in some cases.
The Federal Government enacted a war measure in this field pe
nalizing the injury or destruction, or the attempted injury or destruc
tion, o f war materials, utilities, etc., while the United States was at
war (Pub. No. 135).
Two acts of the New York Legislature (chs. 49G, 491) amend,
respectively, the antimonopoly and conspiracy laws of the State by
exempting agricultural cooperative associations from the strictures
imposed by the statutes named.
Classed here because they authorize public activities in competition
with or exclusion o f private business are certain laws authorizing
the conduct o f business by municipalities. Two laws o f Louisiana
treat o f this subject, the first (No. 128) authorizing and empowering
municipalities to own, construct, lease, and operate public utilities
involving electrical lighting and power; the second (Ex. sess. No. 22)
relates to the ownership, maintenance, etc., o f gas-pipe lines and o f
gas wells. A Mississippi statute (ch. 192) corresponds closely to
the first noted act of the Louisiana Legislature; while a second law
of this State (ch. 198) authorizes municipalities to conduct coal and
wood yards for the supply o f the inhabitants during the period o f
the war and for one year thereafter. A New Jersey statute (ch. 53)
is o f broader scope, including the supply of food as well as of fuel.
No profits are to be made, but expenses must be covered by the prices
charged. The South Dakota Legislature did not feel itself free to
take conclusive action in this field, but proposed four amendments
to the constitution (chs. 32, 33, 34, and 35) authorizing the State to
engage in four classes o f undertakings—the manufacture, distribu
8
R E V IE W OF LABOR LE G ISLATIO N OF 1918.
tion, and sale o f cement and cement products; the production and
distribution o f electric light and pow er; the mining and sale of coal;
and works o f internal improvement.
It may be o f interest to note in connection with the foregoing
legislation that a law o f this type has been on the statute books of
Maine since 1903, apparently without its constitutionality having
been tested until 1917, when the law was upheld by the Supreme
Court of the United States (Jones v . City of Portland, 38 Sup. Ct.
112; 245 U. S. 217).
COMPULSORY WORK LAWS.
As noted in the introduction, the example set by two States in 1917
was followed by several in 1918. These States are Delaware (ch. — ),
Georgia (p. 277), Kentucky (ch. 178), Louisiana (No. 139), Massa
chusetts (ch. 286), Montana (order o f State council of defense), New
Jersey (ch. 55), New York (ch. 625), Rhode Island (ch. 1661), and
South Dakota (ch. 62). A ll these laws were enacted as war emergency
legislation, and in many cases require a proclamation of the governor
to bring them into operation. They apply usually to all male resi
dents between fixed ages, the minimum being 16 years in Georgia
and Kentucky, 17 in Louisiana, and 18 in Delaware, Massachusetts,
New Jersey, New York, and Rhode Island. The obligation continues
up to the age of 50 in Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and
Rhode Island, 55 in Delaware, Georgia, and Louisiana, and 60 in
Kentucky. In Montana and South Dakota the law applies to adults
without distinction of sex or age. Thirty-six hours of labor per week
are required in Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and
Rhodp Island; 48 hours in Louisiana; 5 days in Montana and South
Dakota ; and 5^ days in Georgia. No period is fixed in Delaware.
Persons temporarily unemployed by reason o f labor disputes, stu
dents attending school, and persons preparing for trade or industrial
employment are exempt in most States. Possession of property is
no defense and reports must be made to official agencies if employ
ment is not procurable. The provisions in Montana and South Da
kota on this subject are embodied in orders of the council of defense
under authority conferred by law.
Not properly coming under the heading o f the above paragraph,
but placed here rather by way of contrast is the law of Arizona (ch.
4) prohibiting the employment of slackers or deserters from mili
tary service.
SUNDRY PROVISIONS.
Various laws bearing more or less directly upon the formation or
carrying out of the contract o f employment are to be found, one of
which is a Massachusetts statute (ch. 251) amending the law of the
CONTRACT OF EM PLO YM EN T.
9
State requiring notice to be given o f any existing strike when an
employer advertises for labor. The amendment relates to the method
o f determining when a strike is at an end, and requires notice o f hear
ings to be sent to both parties interested. Another law of this State
(ch. 257, sec. 402) repeals chapter 155 of the Revised Laws, relating
to apprenticeship, leaving the State without any law on the subject.
A New York statute (ch. 265) strikes a new note in authorizing
the adoption and registration by an employer of an employee’s
badge, and makes it a misdemeanor, after the prescribed formalities
have been complied with, for any person to wear or display such a
badge without authority or to use it to gain entrance to the employer’s
place o f business.
A law of Maryland (ch. 425) forbids superintendents, managers,
gardeners, etc., buying materials or supplies for public parks, athletic
grounds, clubs, country estates, and the like, from receiving any
bonus or gift from dealers.
The naval appropriation act for 1919 (Pub. No. 182) authorizes
the commandeering of industrial establishments engaged in the pro
duction of ships and war material or any part o f such establishment.
I f the establishment is not taken over, orders o f the United States
must be given precedence over other work. This power expires six
months after peace is declared. This act as well as the fortifications
bill (No. 189) and the Army bill (No. 193), contains the provisions
that have appeared in these laws for several years on the subject of
the use o f stop watches in timing of work and the giving of bonuses.
Another war act passed by the New York Legislature (ch. 585) au
thorized contracts for public works to be annulled where prewar
prices are found to be unfair to the contractor by reason of increased
costs. Work under such contracts may be terminated, entirely sus
pended, or completed under new arrangements, as the board in charge
may find advisable.
EXAM INATION AND LICENSING OF WORKMEN.
The Maryland statutes relating to the licensing of chauffeurs are
supplemented by a provision authorizing the issuing of an instruction
license good for 30 days on the payment o f a fee of $1, the learner to
be accompanied by an instructor while operating his car (ch. 85).
The minimum age o f a licensee is advanced from 16 to 18 years. An
emergency provision was made by the New York Legislature (ch.
238) by which licensed chauffeurs engaged in military or naval serv
ice of the United States may have expired licenses renewed without
examination within three months after the termination o f their
services on compliance with the other conditions of the law.
10
R E V IE W OF LABOR L E G ISLA TIO N OF 1918.
Massachusetts statutes under this head relate to electricians (ch.
257, secs. 342, 343), amending the existing law as it applies to firms
or corporations engaged in electrical work. I f a firm is licensed a
license must be held by a member of the firm, and if a corporation,
by an officer o f the corporation; the provision exempting from ex
amination in cases where the applicant has been in business for five
years prior to the date of the application for license was stricken out.
A second statute (ch. 213) is, like the New York statute noted above,
a war provision. It authorizes the renewal of a master or journey
man electrician’s license without examination within four months
o f the discharge from military or naval service of the United States
but on the payment o f the usual fee.
Under a law of Maryland, moving-picture-machine operators in
Baltimore, Md., must be 21 years of age, must pass an examination
before a local board and show a knowledge of the machine operated,
and must have had six months’ experience under a licensed operator
(ch. 195). The fee for a license is $10, with a $5 annual renewal fee.
The law of New Jersey relating to stationary engineers and fire
men was amended (cli. 213) so as to require licenses of attendants
o f all steam boilers of more than 15 pounds pressure, and to in
crease the salary o f inspectors. In this connection may be noted
an act of the Congress of the United States (No. 147), which adds
certificated life-boat men to the list of required persons forming the
crew and the roster o f officers. The act also specifies the minimum
number o f licensed deck officers for various kinds of vessels.
WAGES.
AMOUNT.
The amount o f w
rages to be paid employees in the Government
Printing Office is directly legislated ifpon by Congress in an act (No.
191) fixing 60 cents and 65 cents per hour, respectively, as the
amount to be paid certain classes o f employees in that office. This
also is a war emergency measure, in force during the term o f the war
and for six months thereafter. In Kentucky (ch. 23) the rate of
wages for labor on public roads is fixed at the rate locally prevailing
for such labor, not less than $1 nor more than $3 per day, and for
skilled labor, foremen, etc., not more than $5, as the fiscal court may
determine.
Laws having an indirect effect on the compensation of employees
are one of Georgia (p. 273) and one of Massachusetts (ch. 149), re
lating to the giving and receiving of tips. The laws differ widely
in their nature however, the Georgia statute prohibiting the receiv
ing of tips by employees of hotels, common carriers, sleeping-car
companies, restaurants, or barber shops, or any other employees.
W AGES.
11
Employers must not knowingly permit employees to receive sucli
gratuities, and it is likewise made an offense for any person to give
them. The Massachusetts law, on the other hand, protects the re
cipient of gratuities for the checking of clothing in his ownership of
such gifts, and forbids the employer to take them either directly or
indirectly.
Other laws which relate to direct or indirect reduction o f earnings
are a law o f Louisiana (No. 55) which provides that where a State
board or commission or institution requires its employees to give
bonds, the premium for such bonds must be paid by the employing
party making such requirements, and one o f Massachusetts appli
cable to private employees (ch. 192), forbidding deductions from
wages on account of tardiness in an amount exceeding the wage
equivalent for the actual time lost.
TIME OF PAYMENT.
The laws under this heading are amendatory only, the law o f Loui
siana (No. 255) fixing a minimum fine o f $25 for violation of the semi
monthly payment law o f the State, no minimum having been pre
scribed in the original enactment. The Massachusetts law requir
ing a weekly pay day was amended (ch. 87) by adding clubs in cities to
the list o f employers who must observe this statute; while that of
Virginia was amended (ch. 389) by adding railroad and steamship
offices to the list o f establishments that must make semimonthly pay
ments to their employees, and by striking out the proviso which ex
empted companies engaged in mining and in the manufacture o f coke.
ASSIGNMENTS.
The legislatures o f Maryland (ch. 88) and Virginia (ch. 402)
enacted laws regulating the assignments o f wages and the conduct o f
the business o f wage brokerage by the adoption o f the uniform small
loan law. The requirements for records, the furnishing o f papers,
license and bond, the fixing of the rate of interest chargeable at 3^
per cent per month, the limitation o f the assignment to 10 per cent
o f the earnings, the requirements that where the borrower is mar
ried, the spouse shall sign, and that the employer shall be given no
tice of the assignment, are among the safeguards to these laws. The
Kentucky statute on this subject is amended (ch. 36) by striking out
a proviso which validated assignments simply on three days’ notice to
the employer, thus requiring his consent to the assignment in all
cases.
The Georgia tax law (p. 43) is hardly a regulation o f the business
o f loan agents, but discriminates between loan agents generally and
wage brokers by taxing the first $20 per annum and the second $100.
12
R EV IE W OF LABOR LEG ISLA TIO N OF 1918.
PROTECTION OF WAGES.
New aspects o f mechanics’ lien laws are developed as new subject
matter appears. Thus the legislatures of Kentucky (ch. 75) and
Maryland (ch. 403) apparently found it necessary to make specific
provision in case of repair or supplies for motor vehicles. A New
York statute (ch. 366) authorizes the retention of a sufficient portion
o f the property handled by a drayman to safeguard payment for
material and labor furnished and for any money advanced in connec
tion with the work done. Amendments to the Massachusetts statutes
(ch. 257, sec. 444, and ch. 265) relate to procedure only; while the law
o f Mississippi is amended (ch. 128) by providing for pro rata pay
ments where the sum recovered is not sufficient to pay all claims, and
by forbidding assignments by contractors or master workmen either
o f the contract or of the proceeds thereof, to the detriment or prej
udice* o f subcontractors, laborers, materialmen, or the owners of the
property involved.
Two methods o f protecting wages o f employees on public works
appear. A New Jersey statute (ch. 280) gives a lien on the money
applied or to be applied to any public undertaking, while the fund
is in the control o f the municipality, to the full value o f all claims for
labor or material. Applicants filing claims within 60 days after the
acceptance o f the work may enforce such claims within 60 days after
the filing, and the municipality may make payments on ex parte pro
ceedings unless the contractor appears.
More common is the< requirement that contractors on public works
shall give bond to the State or municipality interested to guarantee
the payment o f obligations assumed by the contractor for labor and
materials. The New Jersey Legislature adopted a law o f this
type (ch. 75), similar enactments being made also by the legislatures
o f Louisiana (No. 224), Maryland (ch. 127) and Mississippi (ch.
217). These laws are quite similar in their form, and authorize
claimants to proceed in their own behalf where the contractor is dila
tory in procuring a settlement.
HOURS OF LABOR.
PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT.
The laws enacted under this head last year were o f limited appli
cation, one being an act of the Kentucky Legislature (ch. 23) fixing
the hours o f labor on public roads at eight hours o f actual service.
Eight h,ours is the standard workday for public employees in the
State o f Massachusetts, but the legislature last year made an exemp
tion in the case of operators of farm machinery purchased by the
State and operated by its employees under contract with farm own
ers (ch. 90). Congress took action with regard to watchmen, mes
HOURS OF LABOR.
13
sengers, and laborers in first and second class post offices and railwaypostal clerks at terminal and transfer offices. The eight hours of
daily labor required of these employees must be performed in 10
consecutive hours; overtime may be worked in cases of emergency,
with pro rata excess payments. The act (No. 185) is the Postal Serv
ice act for the year, and further provides for compensatory time for
railway postal clerks working on Sundays or holidays— a provision
already applicable for clerks and carriers in first and second class
post offices.
PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT.
The only act under this heading, except those that will be noted
in connection with the laws governing the employment of women
and children, is one of the Federal Congress-relating to seamen (No.
147). This act requires at least six hours off duty for officers before
taking charge of the deck watch at the time of sailing, and lferiits the
time on duty to 9 hours in 24 while the ship is in port, and 12 in 24
while at sea, exceptions being made for cases of emergency.
HOLIDAYS AND REST DAYS.
The question o f Sunday labor was taken up by the Legislature o f
Louisiana (No. 146), forbidding the operation of barber shops on
Sunday; and by that of Massachusetts (chs. 53 and 134), both acts
somewhat relaxing the existing law. The first act permits trap
pers to remove game from their traps on Sunday, but they may not
reset or bait them; while the second permits soldiers and sailors to
engage in baseball and football games on Sundays during the period
of the war if no fee is charged*
The Legislature of Porto Rico undertook in 1917 to establish a
weekly day of rest, but by a typographical error failed to accomplish
its purpose. This error is corrected by an act (No. 3) of the legisla
ture o f 1918.
By virtue of an extra session of the legislature, late in the year,
Florida (ch. 7754) was enabled to be the first State of the Union to
declare November 11, the date o f the signing of the armistice, a
legal holiday, to be known as Liberty Day, to be observed each year
as a day o f rejoicing “ with the free people of the earth.”
October 12, Columbus Day, was added to the list of legal holidays
to be observed in Louisiana (No. 167).
HYGIENE AND SAFETY.
FACTORIES.
The most important piece of legislation coming under this head is
an act of the Legislature of Texas (ch. 58), this being the first enact
ment on the subject of factory inspection in the State with the ex
14
R E V IE W OF LABOR LEG ISLATIO N OF 1918.
ception o f fire-escape laws. The act is devoted to sanitation rather
than safety, and contains provisions with regard to temperature, hu
midity, air space, ventilation, cleanliness, water-closets, the protec
tion o f the morals of female employees, etc. Doors are to open out
wards and handrails and lights are to be provided oil stairways. No
provisions are made for guarding dangerous machinery, nor are there
the usual safety requirements found in factory and inspection laws.
Enforcement is in the hands o f the commissioner of labor statistics
and his inspectors. A Virginia statute (ch. 260) requires the installa
tion o f hoods, pipes, and exhaust devices for grinding and polishing
wheels in factories. Excepted from the operation of the law are the
following cases: In establishments having less than five wheels; where
the wheel is used only occasionally for grinding tools; where water
is applied to the wheel while in use.
A d^ail is added by a statute o f Rhode Island (ch. 1632) which
forbids the use o f suction shuttles in textile mills, and the health of
the workers o f the State is further cared for by amending (ch. 1616)
the existing law as to the supply of drinking water, the requirement
being made more explicit; a prohibition is added against the use of
common drinking cups and common towels. The penalty for viola
tion is also made direct, instead o f upon complaint by the board of
health or the town council. In Virginia also (ch. 313) the use o f com
mon drinking cups is forbidden in factories and stores, as well as in
public places generally. Health and comfort are alike served in a
provision added to the factory regulations o f Massachusetts by an act
(ch. 110) requiring employers to furnish suitable and sanitary facili
ties for warming food if the employees desire such conveniences. The
Legislature of Porto Rico fixed the maximum weight that might be
carried by workmen by an act of 1917, but the legislature last year
(No. 6) set forward to January 1,1920, the date when the law should
come into effect.
The subject o f safety in case of fire was considered by two legisla
tures, a Louisiana statute (No. 276) describing in detail the location
and construction o f fire escapes required to be erected in factories, the
enforcement o f the law being intrusted to the State labor commis
sioner; while in New York (ch. 627) sundry amendments to the ex
isting law relate to exits required in proportion to the floor area, the
location o f stairways and fire escapes, the observance of fire drills,
the use o f signal systems, etc. These provisions have regard to the
installation o f sprinkler systems, the act being drawn with the ap
parent purpose of favoring such installation. Requirements as 'to
cleanliness o f workrooms and factory buildings are also made.
A Massachusetts statute relates to the inspection of steam boilers,
the act (ch. 257, sec. 344) requiring steam-boiler rules to be approved
H YGIENE AND SAFETY.
15
by the governor’s council, as well as by the governor personally,
before they shall have the effect of law.
MINE REGULATIONS.
The only State taking action under this head last year was Ken
tucky. The first act (ch. 25) establishes a department o f mines,
making the existing inspector the head o f the department, and ad
vances his salary from $1,800 to $3,000 per annum. This officer must
give his entire time to the service and is to be aided by three newly
added assistant inspectors at annual salaries o f $1,800. The coal
fields o f the State are to be divided into mine-rescue areas, and $4,500
is appropriated for the purchase of rescue apparatus. The second
statute (ch. 113) is o f less general importance and merely amends the
existing law so as to permit the making of copies of mine maps with
out the consent o f the owner or operator o f the mine on affidavit of
adjacent owners that they believe that their propert-y is being en
croached upon.
RAILROADS.
Only minor enactments appear under this heading, one being an
act of the New York Legislature (ch. 649), which requires that loco
motive engines shall have vestibuled cabs; while an act o f the Federal
Congress (No. 176) increases the salaries o f inspectors o f locomotive
boilers, the chief inspector receiving $5,000 instead of $4,000, and
assistants $4,000 instead of $3,000. The salaries of district inspectors
are increased from $1,800 to $3,000.
The Legislature of South Carolina (No. 475) requires adequate
heating of cars by all electric street railway companies, instead of
only those companies doing business in cities having a population o f
between 25,000 and 50,000 as the law o f 1914 provided. Another act
o f this legislature (No. 394) applies to interurban railways, and re
quires cars and vestibules to be heated on lines not over 50 miles in
length.
WOMEN AND CHILDREN.
The most important act under this head is one enacted by Congress
(No. 215) for the District o f Columbia, establishing a minimumwage system for women and for minors under 18. The law is appli
cable to all occupations with the exception o f domestic service and is
administered by a board of three members representative o f employ
ers, employees, and the public. No salary is to be paid these mem
bers for their services as such, but a secretary at a salary of $2,500 is
provided for. The board has the power to make investigations
under oath for the purpose of ascertaining rates of wages paid, and
if found inadequate for the protection of health and morals, it may
call a conference in which employers and employees shall be equally
16
EE VIEW OF LABOR LEGISLATION OF 1918.
represented. This conference is to fix an adequate wage, either time
or piece or both as the case may require, and must provide for both
workers and apprentices, also fixing the time of apprenticeship.
Special licenses may be granted for substandard workers. The rate
fixed is compulsory and can not be waived by agreement. The act
contains the usual provisions found in such laws for the protection o f
employees testifying before the board or conference.
Affecting both women and children is an act of the Louisiana Legis
lature (No. 126) creating a legislative commission to investigate
conditions o f the employment o f women and children. This commis
sion has the power to administer oaths, and is to complete its investi
gations and make a report to the legislature o f 1920.
A number o f laws relate only to the employment o f children and
are concerned chiefly with the nature o f the evidence required for the
issue o f work permits. Such are an act of the Kentucky Legislature
(ch. 102), on©'of Maryland (ch. 495), and one o f New York (ch.
628). The Kentucky act makes the possession of a certificate by an
employer a defense against prosecution for unlawful employment if
he is acting in good faith. The Maryland statute fixes 14 years
as the age of children eligible for employment in canning and
packing establishments, instead o f 12 years as previously. The same
sige limit is fixed for vacation permits in the State. The New York
law adds new provisions as to summer employment in mercan
tile establishments; children must have attained the age o f 14 years
and attended school 130 days in the previous 12 months before being
eligible for employment.
Acts o f the New Jersey Legislature (chs. 204, 232) make additions
to the law of the State on the subject, the first act making offending
corporations liable for violations of the child-labor law, as well as
the officers and agents thereof; agents of firms are also made liable
as well as members. Mercantile establishments are defined as any
place where a person is employed for wages, other than a factory,
workshop, mill, mine, quarry or in agriculture. The second statute
requires officers in charge of records to make searches and furnish
transcripts for employment certificates, free of charge. A Virginia
statute (ch. 204) adds canneries, theaters, and places o f amusement to
the list o f establishments in which children may not be employed
under the age of 14 years; while 16 years is fixed as a minimum age
for employment in mines and quarries, instead of 14. Night work
is defined as work between 7 p. m. and 6 a. in., instead o f 9 p. m. and
7 a. m. Girls under 18 years o f age may not be employed as messen
gers nor girls under the age of 21 for messenger work at night.
The matter o f street trades was considered in Massachusetts (ch.
257, secs. 263, 264) and Wisconsin (ch. 12). In Massachusetts 18
instead o f 16 years is fixed as the age under which girls must get
W O M E N AND CHILDREN.
17
permits from the State authorities before engaging in such trades,
while another amendment extends the penal provisions to cover all
classes o f offenders. In Wisconsin the age is advanced from 16 to
17 years, while new sections prescribe general regulations as to the
nature o f employments, which must not be injurious, but in no case
may boys under 12 or girls under 18 engage in street trades. Classi
fication as injurious or otherwise is to be made by the State indus
trial commission for cities other than those of the first class.
A compulsory school-attendance law was enacted by the Missis
sippi Legislature (ch. 258), requiring 60 days’ attendance for children
between the ages o f 7 to 14 years, but they may be excused i f their
labor is needed for self-support or for the support of their parents.
This law is not enforceable in any county or school district unless
adopted by it.
Doubtless a new impetus has been given to the subject of educating
illiterates or those not familiar with the English language by the
conditions that have developed in connection with the enrollment
for war service. Thus in Arizona (ch. 10) evening schools are to be
provided for in any school district in which there are 15 or more
persons over 16 years o f age who do not read or write or speak
English and who desire to attend such a school. The subjects taught
are to include the English language and American ideals and an un
derstanding o f American institutions. A New York statute (ch.
409) provides for the establishment o f evening schools with terms of
varying lengths in cities of the first, second, and third classes, and
other cities and school districts, if 20 or more minors between the ages
o f 16 and 21 are required by law to attend school or if 20 or more per
sons over 16 years of age desire such schools. The terms range from
75 nights to the full length o f the school term in the various localities.
Another act (ch. 415) requires the attendance o f minors between 16
and 21 years o f age who have not completed the fifth grade o f school,
unless they are physically or mentally unfit. An employer may main
tain a shop school for the benefit of his employees under the supervi
sion of the school authorities. A Wisconsin statute (ch. 2) also pro
vides for attendance at evening or vocational schools o f illiterates
over the age o f 17 years, instead of 14 as under an earlier la w ; such
attendance must amount to at least four hours per week.
The remaining laws under this head relate to the employment of
women, acts of Louisiana (No. 158) and Massachusetts (ch. 147)
relating to their employment as operators of elevators. The first
simply requires seats to be furnished for the use of such operators,
while the second limits the hours of service to the number permitted
by law for women and minors in the manufacturing, mercantile, etc.,
establishments in which they are employed.
106407°— 19------ 2
18
REVIEW OF LABOK LEGISLATION OF 1018.
/
A New York statute (ch. 434) amends the law relating to the em
ployment of women in messenger service, forbidding employment to
those under 21 years o f age and limiting such service to 6 days or 54
hours per week, and prohibiting work between 10 p. m. and 7 a. m.
The laws governing mercantile establishments as to time for meals
and toilet facilities are applicable to this service.
The Virginia Legislature enacted a new law relative to the em
ployment of women (ch. 214), adopting a 10-hour standard already
in force under its earlier law covering both women and children.
T he‘ act enumerates factories, workshops, laundries, and mercantile
and manufacturing establishments, but excepts from its operation
bookkeepers, stenographers, cashiers, and office assistants. Voluntary
overtime work may be permitted in cases of emergency in tobacco
prizeries in towns and cities of less than 30,000 population, this pro
vision expiring February 1, 1920. Another act (ch. 414) directs that
where overtime is thus voluntarily worked in these tobacco estab
lishments it shall be paid for at a rate of time and a half.
EMPLOYMENT OFFICES.
The New York Free Employment Office is directed (ch. 356) to es
tablish additional service with particular regard to the needs o f the
Negro population, and $5,000 is appropriated for this purpose. Con
gress appropriated $250,000 as a revolving fund to be used in the
transportation o f workers to places of employment, this amount to be
available to June 30, 1918 (Pub. No. 109).
Private employment offices were the subject o f legislation in
Louisiana (No. 145), a new law on the subject requiring applicants
for license to conduct such business to furnish certificates o f good
character and to pay a license fee of $500 per annum. However, if the
applicant is regularly licensed to do business only in an office, and
solicits trade only by writing, telegraph, or telephone, the fee is re
stricted to $25 per annum. The act does not apply to the procuring
o f agricultural labor in the State. A discrimination similar to that
shown above appears in the tax law o f Georgia (p. 43), which fixes
as the occupation tax on employment agents the annual sum of $25,
while for emigrant agents— i. e., agents procuring workers to go
outside the State—the tax is $1,000 for each county in which business
is done.
The New Jersey Legislature enacted a new law on this subject
(ch. 227), repealing generally conflicting statutes. A graduated
license fee is prescribed, with the usual requirements that the appli
cant shall be of good character and shall furnish bond to observe the
provisions o f the law. Registers for employees and for employeis are
EM PLO YM EN T OFFICES.
19
to be open for official inspection, and where applicants are furnished
for domestic and fiduciary employment references must be investi
gated. Schedules of fees must be filed and may not be changed with
out notice; dividing fees with employers is forbidden. No service
may be rendered except on orders, and a full return of the fee must
be made i f no employment is secured. Soliciting workmen to leave
employment is forbidden, and no placement o f children under 16 is
permitted. The law is to be enforced by the commissioner of labor
o f the State. Mentioned in this connection because of its relation
with the supply o f labor is a resolution o f the Legislature of Louisiana
(act No. 97) requesting the President and Congress to suspend the
Federal immigration laws for the period of the war so as to admit a
supply o f agricultural labor.
BUREAUS OF LABOR,
The items under this head are chiefly o f secondary importance.
The Louisiana statute (No. 232) increases the annual salary of the
commissioner o f labor and industrial statistics from $2,000 to $2,400.
In Massachusetts (ch. 225) members o f the board of conciliation
and arbitration receive $3,000 per annum instead of $2,500; and in
New York (ch. 595) the salary o f the third deputy commissioner in
charge o f the bureau of mediation and arbitration was advanced
from $5,000 to $6,000; the salary of the counsel for the indus
trial commission is increased from $6,000 to $7,000. Members of
the industrial council of this State are henceforth to receive $10 per
day for each meeting attended, instead of rendering their services
gratis (ch. 355). They will continue to receive their expenses as
heretofore. Assistant factory inspectors o f Rhode Island are also
benefited (ch. 1676) by an advance in salary from $1,500 to $1,800.
A new bureau was created in the Department of Labor of New Jersey
under the title “ Bureau of migrant w elfare” (ch. 235). There is
to be a chief of the bureau and an office force, the bureau being
charged with the duty of investigating the conditions of migrant
workers and of endeavoring to procure for them proper hous
ing and suitable employment. Reorganization of the Department
of Labor o f New York is permitted under an act (ch. 456) author
izing the commission to create such bureaus or divisions as it shall
deem necessary, instead of a fixed organization comprising five
divisions as under the earlier law. These bureaus are to perform
such duties as are assigned to them, collect such statistics as may
be directed, etc., the net result being a much more flexible organiza
tion than before.
The Massachusetts Legislature provides for five additional inspec
tors under the board of labor and industries to serve for one year, in
view of the current increased industrial activity (ch. 276). A resolve
20
R E V IE W OF LABOR LEG ISLATIO N OF 1918.
o f this legislature (ch. 73) directs the supervisor o f administration o f
the State to make an investigation o f the State board o f labor and in
dustries as to its methods o f work, desirable reorganization, etc.
In New Jersey (ch. 17) the commissioner o f labor is authorized to
charge fees ranging from one to five dollars for passing upon and
approving plans and specifications required by law to be submitted
to h im ; also for certificates of approval o f work done or alterations
made in factories according to his recommendations, the sums col
lected to be turned into the State treasury.
The industrial emergencies developed by the war were reflected in
a very great extension of activities of the United States Department
o f Labor. This was recognized in an act (No. 181) providing for
various lines of activity, either newly undertaken or greatly enlarged,
including the placement o f labor, the standardization o f wages, the
adjustment of labor disputes, the standardization o f working condi
tions in war industries, the employment of women, and the training
and dilution o f workers.
STATE COUNCILS OF DEFENSE.
Springing out of the war and the industrial and social conditions
caused by it was the creation in practically all States o f the Union of
organizations known usually as u councils of defense.” Several of
these were noted in the Review o f Labor Legislation of 1917, though
the laws creating them were not as a rule reproduced, since they do
not contain definite provisions of labor legislation. However, these
councils are charged with the function of coordinating aljl the activi
ties of the State and the development o f its resources of whatever
kind, to the end of making an efficient contribution to the State and
national powers in connection with the conduct of the war. In
default o f legislation, in Alabama, whose legislature meets only
quadrennially, such an organization was effected by volunta^
action, funds for necessary expenses being contributed from pri
vate sources. The councils are made up in some cases o f mem
bers o f the State government and in others by persons appointed
by the governor, the South Carolina statute naming a list o f per
sons who should serve, to which additions should be made on recom
mendation of the State Federation o f Labor. No salaries are paid
members o f these councils, but expenses are provided for, and a fund
is furnished for the carrying out of their plans. The council of
Delaware was charged with the duty o f establishing a compulsory
work law, while that of Montana took similar action. In Arizona
(ch. 7) $26,000 was appropriated. In Kentucky (ch. 9) $50,000 was
set aside for two years’ work. In Montana (ch. 1) $25,000 was put
at the disposal o f the council and a war defense fund of $500,000
STATE COUNCILS OF DEFENSE.
21
was also provided (ch. 21), which might be loaned for the increase
o f food production. In New Jersey (ch. 169) the chief executive offi
cer of each municipality and commissioners of commission-governed
municipalities constituted the council. In North Dakota (ch. 5),
the legislature set aside $15,000 as expenses for the year, while in
South Dakota (ch. 61) the amount was $20,000. The amount pro
vided in South Carolina (No. 595) was $25,000. The activities o f these
councils are to terminate with the expiration of the war or within a
fixed period thereafter.
MOTHERS’ PENSIONS.
A single State took action on the subject of mothers’ pensions in
1918, the Virginia Legislature (ch. 80) making provision for widows
having children under the age o f 16 years whom they are unable to
support. Payments are to be made from local funds not in excess of
$12 per month for one child, $18 for two, and $4 additional for each
other child. To obtain the benefits the applicant must have resided
three years in the State and two years in the city or county.
RETIREM ENT FUNDS.
The laws of Massachusetts providing pensions for State, county,
and municipal employees are amended (ch. 257, secs. 101-136) by
sundry changes in the details of administration. It is also directed
that unpaid sums due deceased members o f the pension fund shall go
to their estate or to the persons entitled thereto. The assignment o f
payments under the act is limited by the provisions of the act. A
resolve o f this legislature (ch. 70) appropriates $5,000 to promote
insurance against sickness and disability and the purchase of oldage annuities under the provisions of the State laws.
A New Jersey statute (ch. 164) provides for retirement at half
pay o f employees of counties in the State after 25 years o f service on
reaching the age of 79. A commission is also provided for (J. Res.
No. 3) to investigate the subject o f pensions and retirement funds
for employees of municipalities, counties, and the State, including
teachers. Hearings are to be held and witnesses may be subpoenaed.
Findings and recommendations are to be submitted either to the pres
ent or a future session of the legislature. In New York also (ch.
414) a commission, consisting of the superintendent $f insurance and
six other members to be appointed, to investigate the matter of the
retirement o f public employees was provided for, a report, with
recommendations, to be made by February 1, 1919. The sum of
$5,000 was appropriated for the expense of this commission.
The first provision o f the Federal Government for a retirement
system for civil employees was enacted last year (No. 174), employees
22
REVIEW OF LABOR LEGISLATION OF 1918.
in the Lighthouse Service being the subject o f the legislation. Retire
ment is optional at the age o f 65, after 30 years o f service, and com
pulsory at the age of TO The annual payment is to equal one-fortieth
.
o f the average annual pay for the last five years o f service for each
year of active service, but not over thirty-fortieths of such pay will
be allowed.
EM PLOYERS’ LIAB ILITY.
As already stated, the subject of accident relief is chiefly provided
for by compensation laws which are treated o f in a separate series of
bulletins. A single State took action last year on the subject of em
ployers’ liability, the Kentucky Legislature (ch. 52) enacting the doc
trine o f comparative negligence in the case of damage suits by rail
road employees. However, if an injury was contributed to by the act
of the carrier in violating a statute, the contributory negligence o f
the injured person is not to be considered, nor is he to be regarded as
having assumed the risk.
Under this head may also be noted an amendment to the Louisiana
statute on the subject of recovery for injuries causing death, the
amendment (No. 159) substituting the words “ surviving spouse ” for
the word “ widow ” in designating who may legally sue for damages,
T
so as to give the right of action without regard to sex.
ACCIDENT INSURANCE.
The legislatures o f Massachusetts (ch. 112) and of New York
(ch. 192) enacted practically identical provisions governing what is
known as group insurance. The term is defined as meaning insur
ance o f 50 or more employees of a single employer. either with or
without medical examination, covering part or all of the working
force o f the employer. The act prescribes a minimum number that
may be insured under various conditions. Forms of policies are to be
approved and certain prescribed provisions must be contained in
them. The proceeds o f such insurance are to be exempt from legal
process.
LABOR DISPUTES.
Apart from the amendment to the Massachusetts law (ch. 251)
relating to notice of strikes in advertisements for labor, noted on a
previous page, the one piece o f legislation coming under this head is
in the form o f a resolution passed by Congress (No. 37) returning
to Theodore Roosevelt the money which he had received in 1906 as
a part o f the Nobel peace prize, and granted by him as a fund to
establish a foundation for the promotion o f industrial peace. The
failure o f this foundation to function, and the desire to make the
LABOR DISPUTES.
23
money available for needs arising out o f war conditions in devastated
countries o f Europe led to a request for the return o f the money, and
this action terminated the plan proposed by the former President.
COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATIONS.
Laws creating cooperative associations have only a slight labor
aspect, but are noted because of the provision made in them for
cooperative production. A Kentucky statute (ch. 159) permits three
or more persons to organize for the carrying on of agricultural work,
dairying, merchandising, mining, manufacturing, or mechanical em
ployment. Only one vote is permitted to a shareholder regardless of
the amount o f stock held. The Massachusetts law is amended (ch.
257, sec. 362) by forbidding the use of the term “ cooperative ” in the
title of any corporation unless its net earnings are distributed in
accordance with the provisions of the law governing such corpora
tions.
CIVIL RIGHTS OF EMPLOYEES.
The New York law requiring that employees shall be allowed time
to vote is amended (ch. 32) by making the law applicable to all
elections instead of only to general elections.
The remaining laws under this head relate to absentee voting.
These laws will be enumerated only, inasmuch as they do not present
any specific labor aspect but are generally inclusive with the ex
ception of the Montana statute (ch. 18), which applies only to ab
sentees in military and naval service or in war work with the Red
Cross or similar activities. The Kentucky statute (ch. 37) relates
to absent registered voters, while that of Mississippi (ch. 133) pro
vides for the registration of absentees. In South Dakota (ch. 45)
there is an amendment as to the method of handling ballots, and an
other act (ch. 46) relating to the soldier vote only. The New York
Legislature (p. 2085) proposed an amendment to the constitution of
the State authorizing the legislature to provide by general law for
qualified voters voting when absent from their voting places.
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION.
The offer o f the Federal Government to cooperate with the States
in the matter of vocational education was accepted by four States
whose legislature met last year for the first time since the enactment
of the Federal statute. These are Kentucky (ch. 7 ), Louisiana
(No. 52), Maryland (ch. 72), and Virginia (ch. 73). The legislature
of Rhode Island also accepted the provision (ch. 1622). The State
board of education is to form the cooperating board in each instance,
but in Kentucky some additions to the board are to be made. The
24
REVIEW OF LABOR LEGISLATION OF 1918.
matter o f the apportionment of the State funds is left to the board
except in Kentucky and Virginia, where the legislature makes specific
provisions. The Legislature of Porto Rico (Con. Res. No. 1) asked
Congress to extend to that island the benefits o f the Vocational Edu
cation Act.
The vocational education o f young workers in Massachusetts re
ceived attention in view of the conditions due to the war (ch. 200).
The limitation on students attending evening classes was waived for
the term of the war and one year thereafter, so as to permit study in
lines o f work not connected with the student’s employment; the maxi
mum age of 25 years was also waived.
The action taken by the Federal Government for the vocational re
habilitation o f soldiers and sailors injured in the war (No. 178) in
fluenced the Massachusetts Legislature (ch. 230) to make similar
provisions specifically for its own soldiers and sailors. The Federal
statute directs the Federal Board for Vocational Education to fur
nish suitable industrial training for wounded men to enable them,
if possible, to become self-supporting, and authorizes the withhold
ing, from men willfully refusing to follow the directions o f the board,
of any part or all of the monthly compensation due not subject to
compulsory allotment. The Massachusetts law provides for the estab
lishment of a division of training and instruction by the State board
of education, and authorizes the governor to transfer any State hos
pital, school, or workshop to such division for the term of the war and
two years thereafter. Cooperation with the Federal Government is
contemplated, and the sum o f $10,000 set apart for the work. Massa
chusetts also took similar action in behalf of workmen injured in
industry (ch. 231), the industrial accident board being directed to
establish a division of training and instruction for the rehabilitation
of injured workmen in cooperation with the United States Govern
ment and the State board o f education.
CONVICT LABOR.
An act of the Louisiana Legislature (No. 235) permits the em
ployment o f convicts on levee work. The general manager o f the
State penitentiary is to receive the offer of such work at the minimum
bid made by private contractors, and is to have charge of such work
as is undertaken by him under such arrangements. Another act
(No. 210) repeals act No. 26, of 1912, which prohibited the employ
ment o f convicts outside o f prison walls or camps or away from the
penal farms of the State. In Maryland (ch. 306) State convicts may
be employed in the building or maintenance o f roads or bridges or on
any work in stone quarries to procure road material. Another act (ch.
354) confers all powers o f the management o f convicts on the board
CONVICT LABOR.
25
o f prison control created in 1916. This board is charged with the
duty o f establishing a labor system to supersede the contract system
“ as soon as expedient.” Convicts may be employed on State works,
and such employment is to be sought as will return a profit, a portion
of which may go to the convict or to some person designated by him.
The Massachusetts Legislature continued its policy of- the use of
convicts for the improvement and cultivation o f waste land, county
commissioners being authorized either to purchase or lease lands for
the purpose or to arrange with private owners to improve waste,
unused, or agricultural lands. They may also contract with the
highway commissioners for work on the public roads (ch. 159). A
similar purpose appears in an act of the Legislature of Mississippi
(ch. 154) authorizing city, town, and village authorities to employ
convicts on county farms or county roads.
A law of broader scope was enacted by the Legislature of New
Jersey (ch. 147, Art. V I I ), which directs that all convicts shall do
productive work and receive such compensation as the State board may
determine. No contract may be made for the labor o f convicts or
for the product or profit o f the same. Goods made are to be sold to
the State and other public bodies and institutions, the surplus to be
disposed o f in open market, so as not to compete unfairly with free
labor. Such goods are to be marked so as to designate that they
are prison made. Convicts may be employed to do public work or to
work for the United States, but may not be employed to break a
strike.
An act of the Florida Legislature of 1917 authorized the leasing
o f Negro male convicts not needed for work on the State prison farm.
This was amended in 1918 (ch. 7744) by extending its provisions to
other male convicts, without regard to race.
The South Dakota Legislature (ch. 26) increased its revolving fund
for the purchase o f materials for the manufacture o f binding twine
by the addition o f $225,000 thereto.
In Virginia the subject o f labor on highways was considered in
two acts, the first (ch. 9) relating to employment on the State high
way system and in quarries, gravel pits, and plants necessary for
conduct o f the work, and the second (ch. 426) relating to labor on
county roads maintained by equal contributions by the State and the
locality. A third act (ch. 236) provided for the gradual extinction
of contracts for the labor o f convicts, to be completed by December
1, 1918. This act also amends the law as to the employment o f con
victs on highways. A fourth act (ch. 301) directs that all convicts
who are physically able shall work 10 hours per day for 6 days o f the
week, holidays excepted, for which they shall receive 10 cents daily.
Camps in which convicts are housed must be supervised by the State
board o f health.
26
REVIEW OF LABOR LEGISLATION OF 1918.
The Federal Government took action in this field (No. 194) by
authorizing the Attorney General to establish and equip at the United
States Penitentiary at Atlanta, Ga., a factory or factories for the
manufacture o f cotton fabrics for the use of the War and Navy De
partments, arid of the Shipping Corporation, and for the manufac
ture o f mail sacks; he may also buy farm lands, and improve and cul
tivate the same. A ll products of such convict labor are to be sold
only to the United States.
COMMISSIONS ON HOUSING*
The purpose o f facilitating war production is manifest in the act
o f the Federal Congress (No. 149) which authorizes the President to
purchase, lease, construct, or acquire by condemnation or by gift,
houses, furnishings, and equipment for employees engaged in in
dustries essential to the national defense and their families. The
Louisiana Legislature at its extra session provided for a commission
on the housing o f wage earners, which should act with the United
States Secretary of Labor to procure the erection o f wage earners’
buildings in the State (No. 13).
The homestead commission o f Massachusetts was authorized (ch.
204) to allow the placing of mortgages on property controlled by
it as a part o f the purchase price to be paid by workmen dealing
with it.
LAWS OF VARIOUS STATES RELATING TO LABOR
ENACTED SINCE JANUARY 1, 1918.
A R IZ O N A .
ACTS OF 1918— SPECIA L SESSION.
C hapter
4 . — Em ploym ent
o f labor— Certain persons not to be
employed.
S e c t io n 1. It shall be unlaw ful for any person, firm, or corpora
tion to give aid, com fort, or employment, or to otherwise abet any
person who is a slacker or deserter from m ilitary service under the
selective-service laws and regulations o f the Federal Government
o f the United States.
Sec. 2. The failure o f any person, firm, or corporation to comply
w ith the provisions o f this act shall be a misdemeanor punishable
by the imprisonment o f any person so convicted, or the agent of
any firm or corporation so convicted, for not less than fifteen nor
more than ninety days, and each day’s continuation o f such viola
tion shall constitute a separate offense.
Approved June 15, 191S.
D e se r te rs, e tc .
P e n a lty .
C h a p t e r 13.— In terferen ce with em ploym ent— Sabotage.
D efin itio n .
S e c t io n 1. Every person, corporation, association, or organiza
tion who w illfu lly and m aliciously injures or destroys the property
or violates the constitutional or statutory rights o f another as a
means o f accom plishing industrial or political ends, is guilty of
sabotage.
Sec. 2. Sabotage is punishable by imprisonment in the peniten P e n a lty .
tiary for not less than five nor more than twenty years.
Sec. 3. Every person who by w ord o f mouth or w riting advo T ea c h in g s a
botage.
cates or teaches the duty, necessity, or propriety o f crime or sabot
age or o f violating the constitutional or statutory rights o f another,
as a means o f accom plishing industrial or political ends, or prints,
publishes, edits, issues, or knowingly circulates, sells, distributes,
or publicly displays any books, paper, documents, or written mat
ter in any form , containing or advocating, advising or teaching the
doctrine that industrial or political ends, or o f violating the con
stitutional or statutory rights o f another, should be brought about
by crime or sabotage or by the violation o f the constitutional or
statutory rights o f another, or openly, w illfully, and deliberately
justifies by w ord o f mouth or writing, the commission or attempt
to commit crime or sabotage, or o f violating the constitutional or
statutory rights o f another, is guilty o f a felony and punishable by
imprisonment in the penitentiary for not more than five years or
by a fine o f not m ore than one thousand dollars ($1,000), or both.
Sec. 4. W herever two or more persons assemble fo r the purpose A ssem b lies.
o f advocating or teaching the doctrine that industrial or political
ends should be brought about by crime or sabotage, or o f violating
the constitutional or statutory rights o f another, such assemblage
is unlaw ful and every person voluntarily participating therein by
his presence, aid, or instigation, is guilty o f a felony and punishable
by imprisonment in the penitentiary for not more than 10 years, or
by a fine of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) or both.
Officers o f a s
Sec. 5. The officers or agents o f any association, corporation, or
organization who do or perform , or cause to be done or perform ed, so cia tio n s.
any o f the unlawful acts herein defined, shall be deemed guilty o f
the commission o f any such act or acts the same as any other
person.
Became a law July 21, 1918, w ithout the governor’s signature.
27
DELAW ARE.
ACTS OF 1918— E X T R A SESSION.
C h apter
1.— State council of defense— Regulation o f industry.
S e c t io n 1. In order to provide effective means o f defense and
Council erepreserving order within the State, and to insure the maximum out- atedput o f agricultural and industrial products and the maintenance o f
vital enterprises during the period o f the w ar in which the United
States is now engaged, a council o f defense for this State is hereby
established, which shall be known as “ The State council o f de
fense ” w hich shall consist o f the governor and six or more suit
able persons, not to exceed fifteen, residents o f this State, who shall
be appointed by the governor.
Sec. 2. The State council o f defense shall continue in existence Term ,
throughout the duration o f the present war, and for six months
after the said Avar shall be terminated by treaties duly ratified by
the Senate o f the United States, at w hich time the said council
shall be dissolved by proclam ation o f the governor. All vacancies
occurring in said council shall be filled by the governor.
Sec. 3. The powers and duties of the said council during its p ow ers,
existence and until it shall be dissolved shall b e:
1. To enroll men not in the National Army fo r carrying on agri- w o r k c o m culture and industries, and all necessary enterprises w ithin thepuisory.
State, and with power to compel the perform ance o f such labor,
when they are violators o f section 4 of this act, and to impose
upon them such m ilitary or other services as shall be necessary to
carry out the objects o f this act.
2. To encourage the production o f all things necessary for the P ro d u ctio n of
supplying o f the National Arm y and the civilian population, th e suPPliesmaintenance o f agriculture and all industries and enterprises
essential to the interests o f the State and Nation throughout the
war, and until the said council shall be dissolved as aforesaid.
*
*
❖
*
*
*
^
Sec. 4. It shall be the duty o f every male resident o f this State
between the ages o f eighteen and fifty-five years, who shall not be
in the National Arm y or a public officer, to be employed in a useful
or law ful occupation during.the said period, and every such person
who shall not be so employed shall be subject to be assigned by the
said council to such employment as the said council shall from
time to time determine and at such compensation to be paid by the
employer as the said council and employer shall agree to be reason
able and p roper: Provided, That the provisions o f this act shall
not apply to persons tem porarily unemployed by reason o f differ
ences with their employers, nor to bona fide students during the
school term, nor to persons fitting themselves to engage in trade or
industrial pursuits.
Approved April 8, 1918.
29
W ho to w ork,
E xcep tion s,
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
ACTS OF 1918— S IX T Y -F IF T H CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION.
No. 215.— Em ploym ent o f women and children— Minimum wages.
S e c t io n 1. W here used in this act the term “ board ” means
D e fin itio n s.
the minimum wage board created by section t w o ; the term “ com
missioners ” means the Commissioners o f the D istrict o f Columbia ;
the term “ woman ” includes only a woman o f eighteen years o f
age or o v e r ; the term “ minor ” means a person o f either sex
under the age o f eighteen y e a r s ; the term “ occupation ” includes
a business, industry, trade, or branch thereof, but shall not include
domestic service.
B o a r d cre
S e c . 2. There is hereby created a board to be known as the
ated.
“ Minimum W age B oard,” to be composed o f three members to be
appointed by the Commissioners o f the D istrict o f Columbia. As
far as practicable, the members shall be so chosen that one w ill be
representative o f employees, one representative o f employers, and
one representing the public.
A p p o in t
The commissioners shall make their first appointments here
under within thirty days after this act takes effect, and shall m en ts.
designate one of the three members first appointed to hold office
until January first, nineteen hundred and n ineteen; one to hold
office until January first, nineteen hundred and tw e n ty ; and one to
hold office until January first, nineteen hundred and twenty-one.
On or before the first day o f January o f each year, beginning with
the year nineteen hundred and nineteen, the commissioners shall
appoint a member to succeed the member whose term expires on
such first day o f January, and such new appointee shall hold office
fo r the term o f three years from such first day o f January. Each
member shall hold office until his successor is appointed and has
qu alified; and any vacancy that may occur in the membership o f
the board shall be filled by appointment by the commissioners for
the unexpired portion o f the term.
Quorum.
A m ajority o f the members shall constitute a quorum to transact
business, and the act or decision o f such a m ajority shall be
deemed the act or decision o f the b o a r d ; and no vacancy shall
impair the right o f the remaining members to exercise all the
powers o f the board.
O rgan ization .
S e c . 8. The first members appointed shall, within twenty days
after their appointment, meet and organize the board by electing
one o f their number as chairman and by choosing a secretary,
wT shall not be a member o f the b o a r d ; and on or before the
ho
tenth day o f January o f each year thereafter the board shall elect
a chairm an and choose a secretary fo r the ensuing year. The
chairman and the secretary shall each hold office until his suc
cessor is elected or ch osen ; but the board may at any time remove
the secretary. The secretary shall perform such duties as may
be prescribed and receive such salary, not in excess o f $2,500 per
annum, as may be fixed by the board. None o f the members shall
receive any salary as such. The board shall have power to employ
agents and such other assistants as may be necessary fo r the
proper perform ance o f its duties: P rovided, That until further
authorization by Congress, the sum which it may expend, including
the salary o f the secretary, shall not exceed the sum o f $5,000.
H ea rin g s.
S e c . 4. At any public hearing held by the board any person in
terested in the matter being investigated may appear and testify.
Any member o f the board shall have power to administer oaths
and the board may require by subpoena the attendance and testi-
31
32
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A T IN G TO LABOB.
mony o f witnesses, the production o f all books, registers, and other
evidence relative to any matters under investigation, at any such
public hearing or at any session o f any conference held as herein
after provided. In case o f disobedience to a subpoena the board
may invoke the aid o f the Supreme Court o f the D istrict of
Columbia in requiring the attendance and testimony o f witnesses
and the production o f docum entary evidence. In case o f con
tumacy or refusal to obey a subpoena the court may issue an order
requiring appearance before the board, the production o f docu
mentary evidence, and the giving o f evidence touching the matter
in question, and any failure to obey such order o f the court may
be punished by such court as a contempt thereof.
R ules.
Sec. 5. The board is hereby authorized and empowered to make
rules and regulations fo r the carrying into effect o f this act, in
cluding rules and regulations for the selection o f members o f the
conferences hereinafter provided fo r and the mode o f procedure
thereof.
R eports.
Sec. 6. The board shall, on or before the first day o f January
o f the year nineteen hundred and nineteen, and o f each year there
after, make a report to the commissioners o f its w ork and the pro
ceedings under this act.
A p p r o p r i a Sec. 7. There is hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of
tio n .
the revenues o f the D istrict o f Columbia, fo r the fiscal year ending
June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and nineteen, the sum o f $5,000,
or so much thereof as may be necessary, to carry into effect the
provisions o f this act.
P ow ers.
Sec. 8. The board shall have fu ll pow er and au th ority: (1 ) To
investigate and ascertain the wages o f women and minors in the
different occupations in which they are employed in the D istrict o f
Colum bia; (2 ) to examine, through any member or authorized
representative, any book, pay roll, or other record o f any employer
o f women or minors that in any w ay appertains to or has a bearing
upon the question o f w ages o f any such women or minors ; and (3 ),
to require from such employer full and true statements o f the
wages paid to all women and minors in his employment.
E m p lo y e r s ’
Every employer shall keep a register o f the names o f the women
reg ister.
and minors employed by him in any occupation in the D istrict o f
Columbia, o f the hours worked by each, and o f all payments made
to each, whether paid by the time or by the piece, and shall, on
request, permit any member or authorized representative o f the
board to examine such register.
C o m m is s io n To assist the board in carrying out this act the commissioners
ers to aid.
shall at all times give it any inform ation or statistics in their pos
session under the act o f Congress approved February twenty-fourth,
nineteen hundred and fourteen, entitled “ An act to regulate the
hours o f employment and safeguard the health o f fem ales employed
in the D istrict o f Columbia.” (Public, numbered sixty, Sixty-third
Congress [38 Stat. 291].)
W age s ta n d Sec. 9. The board is hereby authorized and empowered to ascer
ards.
tain and declare, in the manner hereinafter provided, the follow
ing things: (a ) Standards o f minimum wages for women in any
occupation w ithin the D istrict o f Columbia, and what wages are
inadequate to supply the necessary cost o f living to any such women
w orkers to maintain them in good health and to protect their
m orals; and (b ) standards o f minimum wages for minors in any
occupation within the D istrict o f Columbia, and what wages are
unreasonably low fo r any such minor workers.
C onference.
Sec. 10. If, after investigation, the board is o f opinion that any
substantial number o f women w orkers in any occupation are receiv
ing wages inadequate to supply them with the necessary cost of
living and maintain them in health and protect their morals, it may
call and convene a conference for the purpose and w ith the powers
o f considering and inquiring into and reporting on the subject inves
tigated by the board and submitted by it to such conference. The
conference shall be composed o f not more than three representa
tives o f the employers in such occupation, o f an equal number o f
representatives o f the employees in such occupation, o f not more
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
33
than three disinterested persons representing the public, and o f
one or more members o f the board. The board shall name and
appoint all the members o f the conference and designate the chair
man thereof. Tw o-thirds o f the members o f the -conference shall
constitute a quorum, and the decision or recom mendation or report
o f the conference on any subject submitted shall require a vote o f
not less than a m ajority o f all its members.
The board shall present to the conference all the inform ation and
evidence in its possession or control relating to the subject o f the
mquiry by the conference, and shall cause to be brought before the
conference any witnesses whose testimony the board deems
material.
Sec. 11. A fter completing its consideration o f and inquiry into R e p o r t to
the subject submitted to it by the board, the conference shall make board*
and transmit to the board a report containing its findings and
recommendations on such subject, including recommendations as to
standards o f minimum w ages for women w orkers in the occupation
under inquiry and as to w hat wages are inadequate to supply the
necessary cost o f living to women workers in such occupation and
to maintain them in health and to protect their morals.
In its recommendations on a question o f wages the conference
(1) shall, where it appears that any substantial number o f women
workers in the occupation under inquiry are being paid by piece
rates as distinguished from tim e rate, recommend minimum piece
rates as well as minimum time rate and recommend such minimum
piece rates as will, in its judgment, be adequate to supply the nec
essary cost o f living to women workers in such occupation o f aver
age ordinary ability and to maintain them in health and protect
their m orals; and (2) shall, when it appears proper or necessary,
recommend suitable minimum wages fo r learners and apprentices
in such occupation and the maximum length o f time any woman
w orker may be kept at such wages as a learner or apprentice, which
wages shall be less than the regular minimum wages recommended
fo r the regular women workers in such occupation.
Sec. 12. Upon receipt of any report from any conference, the A c t i o n by
board shall consider and review the recommendations, and may board«
approve or disapprove any or all of such recommendations, and
may resubmit to the same conference, or a new conference, any
subject covered by any recommendations so disapproved.
I f the board approves any recom mendations contained in any
report from any conference, it shall publish a notice, once a week,
fo r four successive weeks in a newspaper o f general circulation
printed in the D istrict o f Columbia, that it w ill, on a date and at a
j)lace named in the notice, hold a public hearing at which all per
sons in favor o f or opposed to such recommendations w ill be heard.
After such hearing the board may, in its discretion, make and
render such an order as may be proper or necessary to adopt such
recommendations and carry them into effect, requiring all em
ployers in the occupation affected thereby to observe and comply
with such order. Such order shall become effective sixty days
after it is made. A fter such order becomes effective, and while it
is effective, it shall be unlaw ful for any em ployer to violate or
disregard any o f its terms or provisions, or to employ any woman
worker in any occupation covered by such order at low er wages
than are authorized or permitted therein.
The board shall, as fa r as is practicable, m ail a copy o f such
order to every employer affected th ereby ; and every employer
affected by any such order shall keep a copy thereof posted in a
conspicuous place in each room in his establishment in which
women workers are employed.
Sec. 13. For any occupation in which only a minimum time-rate
Su b stan d ard
wage has been established, the board may issue to a woman whose workers
earning capacity has been impaired by age or otherwise, a special
license authorizing her employment at such wage less than such
minimum time-rate wage as shall be fixed by the board and stated
in the license.
106407°—19------3
34
Wages
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A T IN G TO LABOR.
of
S e c . 14. The board may at any time inquire into wages o f minors
employed in any occupation in the D istrict o f Columbia, and deter
mine suitable wages fo r them. When the board has made such
determination it may make such an order as may be proper or nec
essary to carry such determ ination into effect. Such order shall
become effective sixty days after it is m ade; and after such order
becomes effective and wT
hile it is effective it shall be unlaw ful fo r
any employer in such occupation to employ a minor at less wages
than are specified or required in or by such order.
Separate in
S e c . 15. Any conference may make a separate inquiry into and
quiries.
report on any branch o f any occupation, and the board may make
a separate order affecting any branch o f any occupation.
Enforcement.
S e c . 16. The board shall f r o m time to time investigate and
ascertain whether or not employers in the D istrict o f Columbia
are observing and com plying with its orders, and shall report to
the corporation counsel o f the D istrict o f Columbia all violations o f
this act.
Sec. 17. A ll questions o f fact arising under the foregoing pro
-Appeals.
visions o f this act shall, except as otherwise herein provided, be
determined by the board, and there shall be no appeal from the
decision o f the board on any such question o f f a c t ; but there shall
be a right o f appeal from the board to the Supreme Court o f the
D istrict o f Columbia from any ruling or holding on a question o f
law included or embodied in any decision or order o f the b o a r d ;
and, on the same question o f law, from such court to the Court o f
Appeals o f the D istrict o f Columbia. In all such appeals the cor
poration counsel shall appear for and represent the board.
Sec. 18. WT
hoever violates this act, whether an employer or his
Violations.
agent, or the director, officer, or agent o f any corporation, shall be
deemed guilty o f a m isdem eanor; and, upon conviction thereof,
shall be punished by a fine o f not less than $25 nor more than $100,
or by imprisonment not less than ten days nor more than three
months, Or by both such fine and imprisonment.
Discharging,
Sec. 19. Any employer and his agent, or the director, officer, or
etc., employees.
agent of any corporation, who discharges or in any other manner
discriminates against any employee because such employee has
served or is about to serve on any conference, or has testified or is
about to testify, or because such employer believes that said em
ployee may serve on any conference or may testify in any investi
gation or proceedings under or relative to this act, shall be deemed
guilty of a misdemeanor; and, upon conviction thereof, shall be
punished by a fine of not less than $25 nor more than $100.
Ac t s
of
Sec. 20. Any act which, if done or omitted to be done by any
ag en ts.
agent or officer or director acting for such employer, would consti
tute a violation of this act, shall also be held to be a violation by
the employer and subject such employer to the liability provided
for by this act.
Prosecutions.
S e c . 21. Prosecutions fo r violations o f this act shall be on in
form ation filed in the police court o f the D istrict o f Columbia by
the corporation counsel.
Recovery o f
Sec. 22. If any woman worker is paid by her employer less than
balances.
the minimum wage to which she is entitled under or by virtue of
an order of the board, she may recover in a civil action the full
amount of such minimum wage, less any amount actually paid to
her by the employer, together with such reasonable attorney’s fees
as may be allowed by the court; and any agreement for her to
work for less than such minimum wage shall be no defense to such
action.
Turpose o f
Sec. 28. This act shall be known as the “ D istrict o f Columbia
act.
minimum-wage law .” The purposes o f the act are to protect the
women and minors o f the D istrict from conditions detrim ental to
their health and morals, resulting from wages w hich are inade
quate to maintain decent standards o f liv in g ; and the act in each
o f its provisions and in its entirety shall be interpreted to effectu
ate these purposes.
minors.
A p p roved Septem ber 19, 1918.
G E O R G IA .
ACTS OF 1918.
T axes on occupations— Em ploym ent agents— W age brokers.
(P a g e 43.)
52d. Upon each emigrant agent, employee or employees o f such E m i g r a n t
agents, doing business in this State, fo r each county in which such agents,
agent or employee may do or offer to do business, $1,000.
53d. Upon all employment agencies or bureaus doing business E m p lo y m e n t
in this State, $25.
offices.
64th. Upon each person, firm or corporation negotiating loans Loan aa
-cnts
and charging therefor any fee, commission or salary, in each
county in which he or they may carry on such business, the sum
o f $20.
Should such person, firm or corporation engage in loaning or w a g e brokers,
negotiating loans upon wages, or time, or the purchasing o f sala
ries, the sum o f $100: Provided , This tax shall not be required o f
attorneys at law who have paid the professional tax required by
paragraph 88 o f section 2, o f this act, and who shall engage in ne
gotiating loans on collateral other than wages, time or salary.
Approved August 20, 1918.
Tips to em ployees.
(P a g e 2 7 3 .)
S ection 1. It shall be unlaw ful fo r any employee or servant o f
Rec ei vi ng
any hotel, common carrier or sleeping-car company, restaurant, ps*
barber shop or other public place, or o f any person, firm or cor
poration to solicit or receive any gratuities or “ tips ” for the pur
pose, or wT
ith the intent o f influencing the action o f said employee
in relation to the em ployer’s business, from the guests or patrons
of such hotel, restaurant, barber shop or other public place, or o f
such person, firm, or corporation.
S ec . 2. It shall be unlaw ful fo r any employer, as above enumP e r m itt in g
era ted, to knowingly permit any employee or servant to accept such receipt,
gratuity or “ tip ” as above referred to, or to receive any benefits
from such gratuity or “ tip ” as described in the preceding section
hereof.
S ec . 3. It shall likew ise be unlaw ful for any person to give either
Giving tips,
directly or indirectly any such gratuity or “ tip ” as is referred to
in section 1 hereof.
S ec . 4. It shall be the duty o f each person, firm or corporation
Act
to be
operating a hotel, restaurant, barber shop, sleeping car, dining car, posted,
or other public place as contemplated in section 1 hereof, to keep
posted in a conspicuous place in such public place one or more plac
ards containing in large type the w o rd s : “ Tipping Prohibited
by Law .”
Sec. 5. Any person violating the provisions o f this act shall be V io la tio n s.
punished by a fine not exceeding twenty-five dollars ($25) or
imprisonment in the common ja il o f the county wherein the
offense is committed fo r a period not exceeding ten days, either or
both, in the discretion o f the judge trying the case.
Approved August 18, 1918.
Compulsory labor, etc., service— W ar em ergency.
(P a g e 2 7 7 .)
S ectio n 1. As there is now a state o f w ar in w inch the United
States is engaged, it is declared to be the duty o f every able-bodied
male resident o f said State, between the ages o f sixteen and fifty-
35
Scope o f la w .
36
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
five years, fo be habitually and regularly engaged in some lawful,
useful and recognized business, profession, occupation, trade, or
employment, whenever the governor o f said State shall issue a
In e f f e c t proclam ation determining such employment to be necessary and
when.
essential for the protection and w elfare o f said State and the
United States, and therefore until after the termination o f such
w a r ; and any able-bodied male resident o f this State, between the
ages aforesaid, who shall fail or refuse to be so employed for at
W ork time. least five and one-half days per week for the number o f hours usual
to the occupation in which he is engaged shall be guilty o f a mis
demeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished as pre
scribed in section one thousand and sixty-five o f the Penal Code o f
Georgia.
Property not
Sec. 2. In no case shall the possession by the accused of money,
defense.
property, or income sufficient to support himself and those regu
larly dependent upon him be a defense to any prosecution under
this act.
Inability t o
Sec. 3. In no case shall the claim by the accused o f his inability
find work.
to obtain w ork or employment be a defense to a prosecution here
under, unless it shall be proved that the accused prom ptly notified
the commissioner o f commerce and labor o f the State o f Georgia
o f his inability to obtain employment, and requested that w ork or
employment be found for him, and that such employment was not
furnished him, and shall hold a certificate from the commissioner
o f commerce and labor that such application has been made.
Placem ent
S e c . 4. It shall be the duty o f the commissioner o f commerce
and labor o f the State o f Georgia whenever any person shall
inform him o f his inability to obtain employment as aforesaid to
register forthw ith the name o f such person in the department o f
commerce and labor, together w ith the address, age, and any other
Inform ation which he may deem necessary. The commissioner o f
com m erce and labor shall thereupon assign, or cause to be assigned,
and, i f necessary-, reassign, or cause to be reassigned, such person
to occupations as aforesaid, carried on by the State or any county
or m unicipality thereof, or by private employees [em ployers], en
gaged in agricultural, industrial, or other occupations o f the char
acter above mentioned, and who accept the services o f such per
sons to occupations as aforesaid carried on by the State or any
county or m unicipality thereof or by private employers, engaged
in agricultural, industrial or other occupations o f the character
above mentioned and who accept the services o f such persons:
Provided, h ow ever, That no person shall be required to w ork under
this act any greater number o f hours per day than law fu lly con
stitutes a day’s w ork in the occupation in w hich such person is
required to engage. In the event o f the commissioner o f commerce
and labor being unable to procure employment for such persons
applying as aforesaid, it shall then be the duty o f the said com
missioner o f labor to so certify to such person in writing.
W ages.
S e c . 5. All persons required to wT
ork under this act shall receive
compensation o f not less than the wage or salary paid to others
engaged in the same nature o f w ork to which each such person is
assigned. I f any such person is assigned to work for any depart
ment, board, or commission o f the State, then the compensation o f
such person shall be paid him by such department, board, or com
mission out o f the appropriation made to it by the State. I f any
such person is assigned to w ork fo r any county or any m unici
pality, or fo r any private employer, then the compensation o f such
person shall be paid him by such county or municipality or by the
private employer accepting his services.
Violations.
S e c . 6. Any person failing, refusing to do, or continue to do, the
work assigned to him, or who, in the meanwhile, has not become
regularly, or continuously employed in some law ful, useful and
recognized business, occupation, trade, profession or employment as
aforesaid, shall be guilty o f a misdemeanor and.upon conviction
thereof shall be punished as prescribed in section 1065 o f the Penal
Code o f Georgia.
GEORGIA.
37
S e c . 7. As soon a s the proclam ation has been issued, a s herein
Enforcement,
provided, it shall be the duty o f the commissioner o f commerce and
labor to prepare and publish such rules and regulations governing
the assignment o f persons to w ork under this act as w ill assure
that ail persons sim ilarly circum stanced shall, as far as it is pos
sible to do so, be treated alike. In assigning anyone to work, the
commissioner o f commerce and labor shall take into consideration
the age, physical condition and other appropriate circumstances o f
the person so assigned, and the rules and regulations to be pro
mulgated by said commissioner o f commerce and labor under the
provisions o f this act shall make allow ances for such* facts and
circumstances.
S e c . 8 . A fter the issuance o f the proclam ation hereinbefore proDuty of local
vided for, it shall be the duty o f the police officers o f the various officers.
cities and the sheriffs o f the respective counties and o f any other
officer, State, county or municipal, charged with the enforcement
o f the law, to seek and continue to seek diligently the names and
places o f residence o f able-bodied persons w ithin their respective
jurisdictions, between the ages aforesaid, not regularly or continu
ously employed as aforesaid. Any police officer, sheriff, or other
official failin g to do his duty in enforcing this law shall be judged
guilty o f a misdemeanor and shall be punished as prescribed in
section 1065 o f the Penal Code o f Georgia.
S e c . 9. The provisions o f this act shall not apply to persons
Persons extem porarily unemployed by reason o f differences with their em- emPt*
pi oyer s. In case o f strikes, or lockouts the governor shall immedi
ately appoint a board o f inquiry consisting o f one representative
o f labor and one representative o f employers, the tw o to select the
third representative. I f no selection o f the third person is made
in twenty-four hours, the chief ju stice o f the State shall appoint
the third member o f the board. This board shall immediately in
quire into all the facts in the case and make a report to the gov
ernor. The governor shall then determine whether the facts w ar
rant the continued idleness o f the employees and shall adjudicate
a reasonable time w hich shall be allow ed fo r the adjustment o f
differences. The provisions o f this act shall not apply to persons
fitting themselves to engage in trade or industrial pursuits, nor to
bona fide students during the school term.
S e c . 10.
F or the purpose o f this act, any person as aforesaid
Residents,
found in this State, shall be deemed a resident, and in any prosecu
tion hereunder p roof that the accused habitually loiters in idleness
in streets, roads, depots, pool rooms, hotels, stores, or otlier places
shall be prima facie evidence o f the failu re o f such person to com
ply with the provisions o f this act.
S ec . 11. The commissioner o f commerce and labor by and w ith
Enforcement
the consent o f the governor is hereby authorized to employ or ap- employees,
point a chief clerk, who shall be a stenographer, to be known as
chief clerk o f employment at a salary o f not m ore than $1,800 per
annum and such other employees to be known as special represen
tatives, not exceeding two, for such a term o f service as the gov
ernor o f said State and the commissioner o f commerce and labor
may determine. Each special representative to receive a salary o f
not more than $1,800 per annum and expenses, and who shall re
ceive their pay in the same manner as other State officials, and
there shall be a contingent fund o f $2,600 to be known as a con
tingent fund o f employment to be used in the payment o f necessary
expenses incident to the enforcem ent of this law, including travel
ing expenses, postage, etc.
S e c . 12.
From and after the declaration o f a peace treaty by
Term,
the President o f the United States, thereby terminating the state
o f w ar now existing, the provisions o f this act shall cease to be
operative and the entire act shall become null and void.
A p p ro v e d A u gu st 8, 1918.
KENTUCKY.
ACTS OF 1918.
C h a p t e r 2 3 . — Labor on highicays— W ages and hours.
S e c t io n 1. Section 4329 o f K entucky statutes, C arroll’s edition,
1915, is amended * * * so that said section, as amended and
reenacted w ill read as fo llo w s :
Sec. 4329. * * * Such employees [on public roads] may re P r e v a i l i n g
ceive such compensation per day as may be allow ed by the fiscal rates of wages.
cou rt: Provided, That every able-bodied man employed to do
manual or day labor under the provisions o f this chapter on the
public roads shall receive the prevailing w ages o f the vicinity in
w hich the w ork is to be done, w hich shall not be less than $1 nor
more than $3 per day, according to services rendered, except in the
case o f necessary skilled labor, forem en, and assistant engineers,
who shall receive not more than $5 per day, provided that a day’s
w ork shall consist o f not less than eight hours o f actual labor.
Eight hours
of labor.
Approved March 26, 1918.
C hapter
25.— Mine regulations— D epartm ent o f mines.
S e c t io n 1. The office o f inspector o f mines, which has fo r its
C h a n g e of
purpose the supervision and enforcem ent o f laws pertaining to the name.
inspection o f mines and the protection o f mine property and other
property used in connection therewith, is hereby designated as
the “ Department o f Mines,” and the title o f the official having
charge o f said department shall be “ chief inspector o f mines,”
Inspector.
and the governor is hereby authorized to appoint a chief inspector
o f mines, who shall hold the office fo r fou r years and until his
successor is appointed and qualified.
Qual i fi ca
Said chief inspector o f mines shall have a practical knowledge o f
the different systems o f w orking and ventilating coal mines and tions.
o f the nature, chemistry, and properties o f noxious and poisonous
gases o f the mines, especially o f explosive g a ses; also o f the dan
gers due to such gases and their prevention, and o f the dangers
incident to blasting and their p reven tion ; also o f methods for the
prevention o f explosions in mines due to gas or d u s t; also o f
methods fo r the management and extinguishing o f mine fires, and
o f methods o f rescue and relief w ork in coal-mine d isasters; also
o f the application o f electricity in mining op eration ; and he shall
also have a practical knowledge o f mining engineering.
Said chief inspector o f mines shall, before he enters upon the
discharge o f his duties, be sworn to discharge said duties faith
fu lly and im partially, which oath shall be certified by the officer
administering it, and said certificate shall be filed with the secre
tary o f state in his office; and said chief inspector shall give bond
in the penal sum o f $5,000, w ith surety, to be approved by the gov
ernor, fo r the faith ful discharge o f his official duties. Said ch ief
inspector shall be liable to dismissal fo r w illfu l neglect o f duty,
or misconduct or malfeasance in office.
Said chief inspector shall devote his entire time to the duties D u ties.
o f his office, among which shall be the supervision o f the training
o f miners in “ mine-rescue ” methods and, to such extent as his
other duties w ill permit, the dissemination o f inform ation among
miners concerning mining methods and mine accidents and their
prevention. W hile holding office he shall not act as agent or as a
39
40
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A T IN G TO LABOR.
manager or as mining engineer for, or be interested financially in
operating, any coal m ine; but he may, in his discretion, comply
with requests for advice as to appropriate methods for mining the
respective Coal beds in K en tu ck y : Provided, Such requests do not
interfere with the perform ance o f his duties and he does not
receive pay fo r such advice.
The office o f the State department o f mines shall be in Frankfort,
Office.
where adequate offices shall be furnished him, unless the governor
shall deem it m ore advantageous for it to be elsewhere, in w hich
event the governor is hereby authorized to name such place-as to him
may appear ap propriate; but there shall be no allowance for office
rent should the office be located elsewhere than in Frankfort. The
offices o f the respective assistant inspectors shall be at such place
w ithin their districts as the ch ief inspector may designate, and
they shall be allowed office rent not to exceed $15 a month, in the
discretion o f the governor.
Sec. 2. The ch ief inspector shall receive an annual salary o f
Salary.
$3,000, payable monthly, as other salaries are paid and he shall
likewise be allowed and paid his necessary traveling and other
expenses incurred on account o f and when engaged in the discharge
o f his official duties, and he shall be allowed not to exceed $1,200
per annum for clerical assistance, in the discretion o f the governor.
S e c . 3. W hereas the number o f coal mines in K entucky now
A s s is ta n t in_
exceeds seven hundred, having more than doubled w ithin the
sp ecto rs.
last tw o years, and is still rapidly increasing, rendering it
physically impossible for the present inspection force o f the
State department o f mines to inspect all the mines as often as
proper care for the safety and health o f the persons employed
therein requires or the law sets forth, the governor o f this Com
monwealth is hereby authorized and directed to appoint three
additional assistant inspectors o f mines, who shall hold office for
four years and until their successors are appointed and qualified.
The appointment o f these, as well as the appointment o f all assist
ant inspectors shall be made by the governor, and each such
inspector herein appointed and those hereafter appointed shall hold
office for fou r years and until their successors are appointed and
qualified. A ll said assistant inspectors shall have a thorough
knowledge o f the different systems and w orking and ventilating
coal mines and o f the nature and properties o f mine gases, espe
cially explosive gases and coal dust, and shall have a thorough
and practical knowledge o f mining gained by at least five years o f
experience at and in coal mines at least three years o f w hich must
have been in the mines. Said assistant inspectors, before entering
upon the discharge o f their official duties, shall be sworn to dis
charge those duties faith fu lly and im partially and to the best o f
their skill and ability, which oath shall be certified by the officer
administering it, and said certificate shall be filed w ith the secre
tary o f state in his office, and each o f said assistants shall give
bond in the penal sum o f $2,000, w ith surety to be approved by the
governor, fo r the faith ful discharge o f his official duties. Each o f
said assistants shall give his entire time and attention to the duties
o f his office, which shall consist o f the inspection o f coal mines, and
o f aiding, under the direction o f the chief inspector o f mines, In
carrying out and enforcing the provisions o f the laws relating to
the inspection o f such m ines; also o f training crews o f miners, at
the mines w ithin their respective districts, in “ mine-rescue ” meth
ods and in methods o f dealing with mine fires ; also, o f taking charge
o f mine-rescue and recovery w ork wT
hen mine explosions or mine
fires occur within their respective districts, in the event the chief
inspector should not be present; also to assist in such w ork in
other districts when so directed by the chief inspector; also to
reopen mines or portions o f mines that have been sealed on the
account o f the presence o f fire, when called upon by the owner or
operator so to d o ; and to perform such other duties as are set forth
in the mining laws.
Each assistant inspector shall receive an annual salary o f $1,800,
S a la ry .
payable monthly, and shall likewise be allow ed and paid hi^ neces-
KENTU CKY.
41
sary traveling and other expenses incurred on account o f and
when engaged in the discharge o f his official duties.
S ec . 4. The chief inspector o f mines is hereby authorized and
Divisions o f
directed to partition the coal fields o f the State into divisions State,
which shall be known as mine rescue divisions, o f which there
shall be not to exceed tw o in the western coal field and not to ex
ceed three in the eastern coal field. In each division there shall be Rescue s t a a station, the location o f w hich shall be determined by the chief tions.
inspector o f mines subject to approval by the governor, at which
station shall be kept apparatus, appliances, and supplies fo r use in
the w ork o f rescue and relief upon the occurrence o f explosions or
mine fires, and for the training o f miners in such work.
The chief inspector o f mines is hereby directed to provide each
station, as it shall be located, and him self with such apparatus,
appliances and supplies as may be necessary and he shall designate
one o f his assistant inspector o f mines to have charge o f each sta
tion.
F or the purchase o f such rescue apparatus and appliance, there
is hereby appropriated a sum not to exceed $4,500. The supplies
o f oxygen and o f necessary chem ical for the apparatus shall be
purchased by the chief inspector o f mines as need from time to
time and paid for as other expenses are paid, on the order o f said
chief inspector approved by the governor; and so shall the cost
o f any repairs that may become necessary from time to time be
paid.
Approved M arch 26, 1918.
C h a p t e r 36.— Assignm ent o f w ages.
[This act amends section 2 o f chapter 120, Acts o f 1912 (sec. A ss e n t of em4758a, K y. Stat.), by striking out the proviso making assignments Pl°yer.
valid if a copy is furnished the employer within three days, without
his assent in writing, thus requiring his assent in all cases. 1
C h a p t e r 52.— Em ployers' liability— Railroad companies.
S e c tio n . 1. Every common carrier by railroad while engaged in
Liability de
commerce in this State shall be liable in damages to any person clared.
suffering in ju ry while he is employed by such carrier in such com
merce, or in case o f death o f such employee, his or her personal
representative fo r such in ju ry or death to such employee resulting
in whole or in part from the negligence o f any o f the officers,
agents, or employees o f such carrier* or by reason o f any defect or
insufficiency, due to its negligence in its cars, engines, appliances,
machinery, track, roadbed, docks, boats, w harves or other equip
ment.
S ec . 2. In all actions hereafter brought against any such comContributory
mon carrier by railroad, or by virtue o f any o f the provisions o f negllgence*
this act to recover damages for personal in jjiry to any employee, or
where such injuries have resulted in his death, the fact that the
employee may have been guilty o f contributory negligence shall
not bar a recovery, but the damages shall be diminished by the ju ry
in proportion to the amount o f negligence attributable to such em
ployee : Provided, That no such employee who may have been in
jured or killed shall be held to have been guilty o f contributory
negligence in any case where the violation by such common carrier
o f any statute, State or Federal enacted fo r the safety o f em
ployees contributed to the injury or death o f such employee.
S ec . 3. In any action brought against any common carrier by
A ssu m p tion
railroad under or by virtue o f any o f the provisions of this act to 0 r *
recover damages for injuries to, or the death of, any employee, such
employee shall not be held to have assumed the risk o f his employ
ment in any case where the violation by such common carrier o f
any statute, State or Federal, enacted for the safety o f employees
contributed to the in ju ry or death o f such employee.
A p p ro v e d M a rch 26, 1918.
42
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
C h a p t e r 102.— Em ploym ent o f children— General provisions.
Subsection 4 o f section 331A o f Kentucky Status, C arroll’s
edition 1915, * * * shall read as fo llo w s :
Evidence.
Subsec. 4. The persons authorized to issue employment cer
tificates, age certificate, or permit under the authority o f this act,
shall issue such certificates to any minor making applications
therefor, notwithstanding such applicants may have passed the
age o f sixteen years, and only upon the application in person
o f the child desiring employment, accompanied by its parent,
guardian or custodian, and after having received, examined and
approved in addition to the school record o f such child properly
filled out and signed, as provided herein below, docum entary evi
dence o f age, showing that the child is fourteen years o f age or
o v e r ; which evidence shall consist o f one o f the follow in g named
p roofs o f age, to be required in the order herein designated as
fo llo w s :
( a ) A birth certificate or attested transcript thereof issued by
a registrar o f vital statistics or other officer charged with the
duty o f recording births.
(b ) A record o f baptism or a certificate or attested transcript
show ing the date o f birth and place o f baptism o f the child.
(c ) A bona fide contem porary record o f the date and place o f
the child’s birth kept in the Bible in which the records o f the births
in the fam ily o f the child are preserved, or other satisfactory docu
mentary evidence, such as a passport showing the age o f the child,
a certificate o f arrival in the United States, issued by the United
States im m igration officers and showing the age o f the child, or
a life-insurance p o lic y : Provided, That such other satisfactory
docum entary evidence has been in existence at least one year prior
to the time it is offered in ev id en ce: And provided fu rth er, That a
school record or a parent’s, guardian’s or custodian’ s affidavit, cer
tificate, or other w ritten statement o f age shall not be accepted
except as specified in paragraph ( d) .
( d) A certificate signed by a public-health physician or a publicschool physician, specifying what in the opinion o f such physician
is the physical age o f the c h ild ; such certificate shall show the
height and w eight o f the child and other facts concerning its
physical development revealed by such exam ination and upon
which the opinion o f the physician as to the physical age o f the
child is based. A parent’s, guardian’s or custodian’s certificate or
affidavit, as to the age o f the child and record o f age as given on
the register o f the school which the child first attended, or in the
school census, if obtainable, shall be submitted w ith the physician’s
certificates showing physical age.
The officer issuing the age certificate fo r a child shnll require
Rank.
the evidence o f age specified in subdivision ( a) in preference to
that specified in any subsequent subdivision and shall not accept
the evidence o f age permitted by any subsequent subdivision, un
less he shall receive and file evidence that the evidence o f age
required by the preceding subdivision or subdivisions can not be
obtained.
Such application must be accompanied by the w ritten statement
Statement by
employer.
o f the person, firm or corporation into whose service the child is
about to enter that he intends to employ the child, w hich state
ment shall give the nature o f the occupation for which the child is
to be employed.
Any person who knowingly makes a false statement, or pre
sents false evidence in or in relation to any such certificates or
applications therefor shall be amenable to prosecution and to the
fine or imprisonment, as provided in section 16 o f this act.
No employer shall be prosecuted under the provisions o f this
Certificate a
defense.
act for any violation, if such employer has in good faith procured
at the time o f employing such child and has since in good faith
relied upon and kept on file such age certificates, employment cer
tificate or permit, issued in such form and under such condi-
43
KENTUCKY.
tions and by such persons as prescribed in this act, showing that
the child so employed was o f such age as is not prohibited by
this act.
The superintendent o f schools in any city, town, county, or
R ep orts t o
district, wherever there is one, and where there is none, then la b o r in sp ector.
the county superintendent shall, between the first and tenth days
o f each month, transmit to the office of the labor inspector a report,
which report shall give (1 ) The name o f each child to whom a
certificate has been issued in the preceding month, together with
the name and address o f the establishment where such child was
to be em ployed; and (2 ) the name o f each child to whom a cer
tificate has been denied in the preceding month, together with the
ground o f such denial. A refusal or failure to transmit such re
port, by any person charged under this section with the duty o f
transm itting same to the labor inspector, shall constitute a misde
meanor, punishable by a fine o f not more than $25' nor less than $5,
to be disposed o f as provided in the section o f this act number 16.
Whenever an inspector duly authorized under this act shall find In c o rr e ct age.
that the age o f a child employed in any mill, cannery, workshop,
factory, m anufacturing establishment, mine, or quarry as given on
a certificate is incorrect, or that the tim e record is not kept in ac
cordance w ith the provisions o f this act, he shall notify the child,
the employer and the issuing officer that the certificate or the ac
ceptance o f a State certificate for the purposes o f this act is sus
pended, and indicate such suspension on the certificate or certifi
cates.
A statement o f the facts fo r which the suspension wT made
as
shall be forw arded by the inspector to the commissioner o f labor,
or such person as he may designate, who w ill either (a ) revoke or
w ithdraw the certificate or the acceptance o f the certificate, or ( b )
S u sp en sion .
veto the suspension, as in his judgm ent the facts o f the case w ar
rant. Due notice shall be sent to the child’s parent, guardian, or
custodian, to the employer, and to the issuing officer o f the action
taken in regard to a suspended certificate.
I f the suspension o f a certificate be vetoed, a new certificate
shall be issued upon the surrender o f the one suspended. I f fo r
any reason such new certificate can not be obtained from a State
issuing officer, the notice o f the veto, if attached to a suspended
certificate shall be recognized and accepted as meeting the re
quirements o f this act.
Became a law without the governor’s signature.
C hapter
113.— Mine regulations.
[This act amends section 1, article 3, chapter 79, Acts o f 1914,
by authorizing the making o f a copy o f a mine map without the
consent o f the owner or operator o f the mine on the filing o f an
affidavit by an adjacent owner that he believes that his property
is being encroached upon.]
C h apter
M ap.
178.— Compulsory labor, etc., service— W ar em ergency.
1. It is hereby declared to be the duty o f every ablebodied male resident o f this State, between the ages o f sixteen and
sixty years, to habitually and regularly engage in some lawful, use
ful, and recognized business, profession, occupation or employ
ment whereby he may produce or earn sufficient to support him
self and those dependent upon him.
S e c . 2. From the time this act becomes effective, and thencefor
ward until six months after the termination o f the present w ar be
tween the United States o f Am erica and the Im perial German Gov
ernment, any able-bodied male resident o f this State between the
ages o f sixteen and sixty, except bona fide students during school
term, who shall fail or refuse to regularly and steadily engage for
at least thirty-six hours per week in some law ful and recognized
business, profession, occupation or employment, whereby he may
contribute to the support o f him self and those legally dependent
upon him, shall be held to be a vagrant within the meaning and
S e c t io n
Scope o f a ct.
Term .
W ork tim e.
44
LA W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A T IN G TO LABOR.
effect of this act, and shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon
conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than $20 or more than
$100 for each offense, and as a part of such punishment and sen
tence such offender shall be by the trial court ordered to work not
exceeding sixty days upon the public roads or streets, or upon some
other public work being done by and in the county in which such
person shall be convicted, or by any municipality therein. Onehalf of the fair value of any such labor so performed under such
sentence, shall be paid by such county or municipality receiving
the same toward the support of any persons legally dependent upon
such vagrant, but if there shall be no such legal dependents, then
no payment shall be made on account of any labor performed un
der such judgment. Any labor so required by a judgment of con
viction hereunder shall be rendered in all respects as is now pro
vided by law in the case of other prisoners in jail.
P r o sec u tio n s.
Prosecutions hereunder shall be instituted and conducted as
other crim inal prosecutions, and in no case shall the possession by
the accused o f money, property, or income sufficient to support him
self and those legally dependent upon him be a defense to any
prosecution under this act. In no case shall the claim by the
accused o f inability to obtain w ork or employment be a defense to
a prosecution hereunder.
Jurisdiction.
S ec . 3. A ll county judges, justices o f the peace, mayors and
police judges within the State are hereby given jurisdiction to try
and punish all offenders under this act, or such prosecution may
be by indictment. Each week or portion thereof that such resident
shall continue a vagrant hereunder shall constitute a separate
Offenses.
offense, and no appeal shall be allowed from any judgment o f con
viction fo r vagrancy, unless the accused shall give bond, with
penalty and security to be fixed and approved by the court granting
the appeal, conditioned not to violate this act during the pendency
Judgment.
0f such appeal. Any judgment for the perform ance o f labor here
under may be suspended by the court pronouncing the same, upon
the execution, by the person convicted o f a bond, w ith the penalty
and security approved by the court, conditioned to comply w ith the
provisions o f this act for one year from the date o f such bond. A
violation o f the condition o f such last-mentioned bond shall entitle
the State to recover the amount o f the penalty thereof, and in addi
tion thereto the convicted person shall be rearrested and required
to serve the sentence form erly pronounced against him.
Residents.
g E < 4# p or the purposes o f this act any male person found in this
C
State shall be deemed a resident, and in any prosecution hereunder,
proof that the accused habitually loiters in idleness in streets,
roads, depots, pool rooms, hotels, stores or other public places, or
that he is habitually intoxicated, or is addicted to the use o f
narcotic drugs, or is a professional gambler, or, being able-bodied
is supported in whole or in part by the labor o f any woman or
child, shall be prima facie evidence o f vagrancy.
E n fo rcem en t.
g EC. 5 . I t shall be the duty o f sheriffs, deputy sheriffs, constables,
mayors, marshals, chiefs o f police, policemen, and all other police
officers to arrest any person within the territorial lim its o f their
jurisdiction whom they believe to be violating the provisions o f this
act. And, said officers shall present the accused before the county
judge, ju stice o f the peace, mayor, or police judge o f their juris-v
diction forthw ith for trial, and it shall be the further duty o f said
police officer to summon witnesses to appear before the judge,
mayor, or justice o f the peace to give any evidence they may possess
for or against the accused.
Jurisdiction.
S ec . 6. County judges shall have concurrent jurisdiction in va
grancy cases under this act, with any mayor, justice o f the peace, or
police judge o f any jurisdiction within the county o f the said county
judge.
Failure t o
S ec . 7. Any sheriff, deputy sheriff, constable, mayor, marshal,
enforce.
chief o f police, policeman, or other police officer failin g to see that
the provisions o f this act are enforced within the territorial lim its
o f his jurisdiction shall be subject to prosecution fo r nonperform
ance o f duty and removed from office.
Penalty.
Became a law without the governor’s signature.
LOUISIANA.
ACTS OF 1918.
A ct N o. 55.— Bonds o f public em ployees.— Prem ium s.
Em ployer to
Section 1. All State boards or commissions, or institutions Pay.
whose employees are required to give a bond in favor o f the
State, the premium on said bond shall be paid by the board or
commission or institution requiring said bond.
Approved June 27, 1918.
A ct N o. 126.— Em ploym ent o f women and children— Commission.
A commission o f five shall be appointed, tw o from the senate to
be appointed by the lieutenant governor and three from the house
o f representatives to be appointed by the speaker o f the house,
fo r the purpose o f investigating the conditions surrounding the em
ployment o f women and children in the State o f Louisiana.
Said commission shall have pow er to administer oaths, subpoena
witnesses, take testimony, compel the production o f books, papers,
documents, etc.
Said commission shall report to the general assembly o f the
State o f Louisiana which convenes in the year 1920 its findings
and recommendations and submit such legislation as it may deem
proper on the question o f minimum wages and maximum hours
for women and children.
Approved July 9, 1918.
A ct N o. 139.— Compulsory
Appointment.
Powers.
Report.
labor, e t c s e r v i c e — W ar em ergency.
S ection 1. It is hereby declared to be the duty o f every ableScope of law.
bodied male resident o f this State, between the ages o f seventeen
and fifty-five years, to be habitually and regularly engaged in some
lawful, useful and recognized business, profession, occupation,
trade or employment, whenever the governor o f the State shall
issue a proclam ation determining such employment to be necessary
and essential fo r the protection and w elfare o f this State and the
United States, during the existence o f the present state o f w ar in
which the United States is now engaged, and thenceforward until
the termination o f such wT and any able-bodied male resident of
ar,
this State, between the ages aforesaid, who shall fail or refuse to
Work time.
be so employed fo r at least forty-eight hours per week shall be
guilty o f a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall pay a
fine o f not more than $100 or be imprisoned for a term not to
exceed three months, or both in the discretion o f the court.
S ec . 2. In no case shall the possession by the accused o f money,
Property not
property or incom e sufficient to support him self and those reg u -a defense*
larly dependent upon him be a defense to any prosecution under
this act.
S ec . 3. In no case shall the claim by the accused o f his inability . inability to
to obtain w ork or employment be a defense to a prosecution here obtain work.
under unless it shall be proved that the accused promptly notified
the parish council o f defense o f his residence o f his inability to
obtain employment, and requested that wx>rk or employment be
found for him, and that such employment w as not furnished him,
and shall hold a certificate from the parish council o f defense o f his
residence that such application has been made.
45
46
LA W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A T IN G TO LABOR.
g EC. 4. It shall be the duty o f the parish council o f defense when
ever any person shall inform it o f his inability to obtain employ
ment as aforesaid to register forthw ith the name o f such person,
together with his address, age and any other inform ation which he
may deem necessary. The parish council o f defense shall notify
the representative o f the Department o f Labor o f the United
States fo r the district in which said person resides o f the inability
o f such person to find employment, and if the representative o f the
Department o f Labor o f the United States is unable to find em
ployment fo r such person, and the parish council o f defense is
likewise unable to find employment fo r such person, the parish
council o f defense must so certify to such person in writing.
Claims o f disability urged in court must be supported by affidavits
o f reputable physicians, unless such physical disability is readily
apparent.
Enforcement.
S e c , 5. A fter the issuance o f the proclam ation hereinbefore pro
vided for, it shall be the duty o f :the sheriffs o f the respective
parishes and o f any other officer, State, parish or municipal,
charged with enforcing the law, to seek and continue to seek dili
gently the names and places o f residence o f able-bodied male per
sons within their respective jurisdictions, between the ages afore
said, not regularly or continuously employed as aforesaid.
Exemptions.
Sec. 6. The provisions o f this act shall not apply to persons
tem porarily unemployed by reason o f differences w ith their em
ployers, such as strikes and lockouts, and to persons who are
regularly employed but are upon vacation, nor to bona fide students,
during the school term, nor to persons fitting themselves to engage
in trade or industrial pursuits.
Residents.
Sec. 7. For the purpose o f this act, any male person as aforesaid
found in this State shall be deemed a resident, and in any prosecu
tion hereunder p roof that the accused habitually loiters in idle
ness in streets, roads, depots, pool rooms, saloons, hotels, stores or
other places shall be prima facie evidence o f the failure or refusal
o f such persons to comply with the provisions o f this act.
Approved July 9, 1918.
Placement.
A
ct
N
o.
145.— P rivate employm ent offices.
S e c t i o n 1. Any person who solicits, hires, or contracts with, la
borers, male or female, to be employed by persons other than him
self, and every agent o f such person, except as may be hereinafter
provided, shall be deemed to be a labor agent.
Supervision.
Sec. 2. The business o f labor agents, or agencies, shall be under
the supervision o f the commissioner o f labor and industrial sta
tistics o f the State o f Louisiana.
L icen se tax.
S e c . 3 . Every person who engages in the business o f a labor
agent, except as hereinbelow provided, shall pay unto the State o f
Louisiana an annual license tax o f five hundred ($500) dollars,
but before any such license shall be issued, the applicant shall pro
duce and file with the commissioner o f labor a certificate from the
judge o f the district court o f the parish in w hich such labor agent
proposes to have his office, or o f the parish in which he proposes
to do business, certifying that to the personal knowledge o f said
judge, or from the inform ation o f creditable witnesses under oath,
he is satisfied that the said applicant is a person o f good charac
ter and honest dem eanor: Provided, That labor agents in cities
and towns in this State who have and keep a regular office in such
city or town and who transact all their business in such office,
and who do not in person or by agent solicit, or hire, or contract,
w ith laborers outside o f such office, or attempt to do so, except by
written telegraphic or telephonic communications, after securing
a certificate from the judge as above required, shall be required
to pay annually only twenty-five ($25) dollars license tax unto
the State o f Louisiana for such privilege, and the license so
paid fo r and obtained shall permit all the employees o f such person
who assist in the prosecution o f such w ork in such office only, as
aforesaid, to aid therein.
Definition.
LOUISIANA.
47
S e c . 4. In addition to securing the certificate and paying the
Bond,
license tax provided in this act, every person who engages in the
business o f a labor agent, or who is now engaged in such business,
shall furnish to the commissioner o f labor a bond with ^>od and
solvent security in the sum o f five thousand ($5,000) dollars,
conditioned that such person shall pay all such damages w hich
may result from his actions as such labor a g en t; and that anyone
who may have been injured and damaged by said agent by fraud
or by misrepresentation o f said agents shall have a right to sue on
said bond to recover such damages before any court o f competent
jurisdiction. The bond furnished to the said commissioner o f
labor shall be by him filed in the office o f the treasurer o f the
State o f Louisiana.
S e c . 5. Any person who shall violate the provisions o f this act
violations,
shall be deemed guilty o f a misdemeanor and upon conviction
thereof shall be fined in a sum not less than one hundred ($ 100)
dollars, nor more than five hundred ($500) dollars, or imprisoned
in the parish ja il for a period o f not less than ten nor more than
ninety days, or both fine and im prisonment at the discretion o f
the court.
S e c . 6. This act shall in no w ay interfere w ith or repeal the
A ct
conprovisions o f act No. 54 o f 1906 [relating to repayment o f ad- strued.
vances] or acts am endatory thereto.
S e c . 7. The provisions o f this act shall not be construed so as
Farm labor,
to prevent the employment or the solicitation o f labor to cultivate
or harvest agricultural products w ithin the State o f Louisiana.
S e c . 8 . I f for any reason any section or part o f this act shall be
P r o v is io n s
held to be unconstitutional or invalid, then that part shall not in- severable,
validate any other part o f this act, but the same shall be enforced
w ithout reference to the parts so held to be invalid.
Approved July 10, 1918.
A ct N o. 146.— Sunday labor— B arber shops.
S ectio n 1. It shall be unlaw ful hereafter fo r the operation o f
work
on
barber shops, tonsorial parlors or any other places o f business Sunday forbid*
where the trades o f cutting and clipping hair, shaving or massag- den*
ing is carried on within the State o f Louisiana, on Sunday.
Sec. 2. Any person or persons w ho shall be convicted fo r the
Penalty,
violation o f this act, shall be fined the sum o f not less than twentyfive ($25) dollars, nor more than one hundred ($100) dollars, or
shall serve not less than thirty (B0 ) or more than sixty (60) days
in prison, or shall be both fined and im prisoned as herein provided,
in the discretion o f the court.
Approved July 10, 1918.
A ct N o. 158.— Seats
for fem ale em ployees— E levator operators.
S ection 1.
Every owner, manager, or agent o f any place o f Duty of ownbusiness wherein or wT
hereon an elevator is installed fo r the carry- ers, etc.
ing o f persons, goods, wares, and merchandise shall provide for
the convenience o f the fem ale operator o f said elevator, while on
duty proper sea ting, or resting accomodations. '
S ec . 2. The violation o f this act on the part o f any owner, manviolations,
ager or agent as herein provided shall be a misdemeanor punish
able before the court o f proper jurisdiction by a fine o f not to
exceed $25, or imprisonment not to exceed ten days.
Approved July 10, 1918.
A ct N o. 159.— A ctions fo r personal injuries— Limitations.
[This act amends article 2315 o f the Revised Civil Code o f 1870 widowers in
ky substituting the w ords “ surviving spouse ” for the w ord eluded.
“ widow ” where it occurs.]
48
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
A ct N o. 232. — Bureau
o f labor and industrial statistics.
[This ,act amends section 6 o f act No. 186, A cts o f 1914. The
title o f the head o f the bureau is given in fu ll as “ Commissioner
o f Labor and Industrial Statistics,” and his salary is advanced
from $2,000 to $2,400 per annum.]
Salary.
A c t No. 255.— Paym ent o f ivages— Sem im onthly pay day.
[This act amends act No. 25, Acts o f 1914, as amended by act
No. 108, A cts o f 1916, by prescribing the minimum fine fo r viola
tions, $25 being fixed.]
Penalty.
A c t No. 276. — F a ctory, e t c r e g u l a t i o n s . — F ire escapes.
S e ctio n i . * * * Every factory, mill, m anufactory or workshop,
* * * building three stories and over in height used or occupied as
a store or w orkroom * * * shall be provided w ith such good and
sufficient fire escapes, stairways, suitable inclosures and other
means that w ill afford safe means o f egress in case o f fire.
C onstruction
(a ) Fire escape on the outside o f buildings shall consist o f open
of escapes.
i ro n balconies and stairways.
( b ) The stairw ay shall be placed at an angle o f not m ore than
sixty (60) degrees, with steps not less than six ( 6 ) inches and
twenty incb.es in length and with a rise o f not more than fifteen
(15) inches.
(c ) The balcony on the top floor, except in case o f fron t fire
escape, shall be provided with a gooseneck ladder leading from
said balcony to and above the roof.
(d ) The balconies shall be not less than three ( 3 ) feet in width,
and placed at each story above the ground floor.
(e ) There shall be a landing not less than tw enty-four (24)
inches square at the head and foot- o f each stairway.
( / ) The stairw ay opening on each platform shall be o f sufficient
size to provide clear headway.
(g ) The platform or balconies and stairs shall be constructed
and erected to safely sustain in all parts a safe load o f not less
than seventy (70) pounds per square foot.
(h ) The outside rail shall extend around the entire exposed side
o f tbe platform and shall be secured to the platform and walls o f
the building in a rigid and secure manner.
Enforcement.
S ec . 2. It shall be the duty o f the State labor commissioner to
direct the installation o f such fire escapes except in such cases as
he may deem such fire escapes unnecessary, in consequence o f
adequate provisions having been already made for safety in event
o f fire or p a n ic; and in such cases o f exemption, the said State
labor commissioner shall give the owner, lessee or occupant o f
said building a certificate to that effect, and his reason therefor.
And such fire escapes as are provided fo r in this section shall be
constructed according to specifications to be issued or approved by
the State fire marshal.
Use of adjaS ec . 3. W here any o f the aforem entioned buildings are so con
cent property. structed that a fire escape can not be erected upon the same w ith
out trespassing upon the property o f the owner or owners o f ad
joining lands or buildings, and where permission to erect fire
escapes has been refused by said owners o f adjoining lands or
buildings, it shall be the duty o f the owner or owners o f any o f
the aforem entioned buildings, constructed as aforesaid, to erect an
internal fireproof means o f escape, the same to be located and
erected under the direction o f the State labor commissioner.
Should the construction o f any o f the aforesaid buildings be such
as w ill neither permit o f an external iron fire escape nor o f an
internal fireproof escape, it is hereby enjoined upon the State labor
commissioner to notify, in writing, the owner or owners o f any
buildings so constructed to discontinue the occupancy o f the
whole or o f a part o f said building fo r any o f the purposes w hich
make said building amenable to the fire-escape provision o f this
act.
Scope of
law.
49
L O U IS IA N A .
Plans to be
S e c . 4. To better secure compliance w ith the provisions o f the
foregoing sections o f this act, the owner or owners o f any building submitted.
now used for other purposes than aforesaid, w hich is to be adapted
to any o f the aforesaid uses, or any building to be erected for any
o f the aforesaid purposes, shall before adapting or erecting such
building submit to the State fire marshal architectural designs
and specifications o f such building, showing that compliance with
the requirements o f the foregoing sections is provided for therein,
and such building shall not be adapted or erected w ithout the ap
proval o f the State fire marshal.
Violations.
S e c . 5. The owner or owners o f any o f the buildings mentioned
in the foregoing provisions o f this act, who shall w illfu lly fail or
refuse to comply w ith the provisions o f this act, or who shall w ill
fu lly fa il or refuse to observe the orders fo r the enforcement o f
this act, issued to said owner or owners by the State fire mar
shal or the State labor commissioner, shall be punished by a fine
o f not less than $100 nor more than $500, or imprisonment o f not
less than thirty days nor more than twelve months, or either or
both, at the discretion o f the court. And in case o f fire occurring
in any o f said buildings, in the absence o f such fire escapes, as pro
vided for in this act, the owner or owners aforesaid shall be liable
for damages, in case o f death or personal injury, the result o f fire
or panic in any o f said bu ild in gs; and such action for damages may
be maintained by any person now authorized by law to sue, as in
other cases of loss by death or injury.
Approved July 11, 1918.
ACTS OF 1918.— E X T R A SESSION.
A
ct
N
o.
13.— Housing o f wage earners— Commission.
A commission to be known as the Louisiana State Housing Com
mission shall be created, to be composed o f nine members appointed
by the governor, and who shall be selected, one from a chapter in
this State o f the Am erican Institute o f A rch itects; one from a
bank clearing house, in this S tate; one from a board o f trade in
this S ta te ; one from an association o f commerce in this S ta te ; one
from the contractors and dealers’ exchange in New Orleans or
sim ilar builders’ exchanges o f L ou isia n a ; one from the board o f
State en gin eers; tw o from members o f labor organizations in this
State and a member o f the tuberculosis commission. In addition
to the foregoing, the governor o f Louisiana, and the president o f
the State board o f health shall be ex-officio members.
Said housing commission shall have authority to act in con
junction w ith the United States Secretary o f Labor to obtain
Federal aid for the purpose o f erecting wage earners’ dwelling
houses.
The commission herein created shall collect and disseminate for
general inform ation data on the construction o f tenement houses,
lodging houses, theaters and other places o f amusement, hotels,
community recreation centers and parks; it shall investigate and
report to the general assembly upon the ne'eds within the State
o f wage earners’ dwelling houses.
Approved August 15, 1918.
106407°—19------ 4
Appointment.
Powers.
Duties.
M ARYLAND.
ACTS OF 1918.
C h a p t e r 8 8 . — Assignm ents
o f wages— Wage brokers.
[Tliis act is in the form o f the “ Uniform Small Loan Law ” and
Summary of
regulates loans in sums o f $300 or less, when the rate o f interest is Provisions.
in excess o f 6 per cent. The usual provisions as to broker’s license,
bonds, statements, receipts, etc., are enacted. A maximum rate
o f 3* per cent per month is fix e d ; assignments o f wages are valid
only for debts contracted con cu rren tly; must be in w riting signed
by the borrower in p erson ; must be indorsed by both husband and
w ife if the borrower is married, unless after separation o f at least
five m on th s; and may not affect m ore than ten per cent o f the
em ployee’s wages from the time that a verified copy o f the assign
ment has been served upon the employer, together w ith a statement
o f the amouiiu due at the time.]
C h a p t e r 425. — B ribery,
etc., of em ployees making purchases.
[This act penalizes the giving or receipt o f any present, bonds, de^ cts forbld~
or commission to superintendents, managers, gardeners, forem en,
or other employees making purchases o f m aterial, equipment, sup
plies, etc., fo r public parks, cemeteries, athletic grounds, club
grounds, hotel grounds, country estates, etc.]
C hapter
495.— Em ploym ent o f children— General provisions.
TThis act amends certain sections o f article 100, o f the Annotated Age limit.
Code o f Maryland, as amended by chapters 222 and 701, Acts o f
1916. Section 5 is amended by fixing 14 years instead o f 12 as the
minimum age for employment in canning and packing establish
ments. Section 13 is amended by adding to the proofs o f age a new
provision ( c) , the present paragraph ( c ) becoming (<£). The new
provision reads as follow s : ]
(c )
A bona fide contem porary record o f the date and place o f the Proofs,
child’s birth kept in the Bible in which the records o f the births in
the fam ily o f the child are preserved, a passport showing the age
o f the child, a certificate o f arrival in the United States issued by
the United States im migration officers and showing the age o f the
child, or a life insurance p o lic y : Provided, That such other satis
factory docum entary evidence has been in existence at least one
year prior to the time it is offered in ev id en ce; and provided
further that a school record or a parent’s, guardian’s, or custodian’s
affidavit, certificate, or other written statement o f age shall not be
accepted except as specified in paragraph ( d).
[Necessary changes o f reference to the various paragraphs are
made in paragraph ( d) .
v
t*
Section 15 is sim ilarly changed, and 14 years substituted fo r 12 pio/mcnt.1 em~
1
years as the minimum age for children receiving permits for vaca
tion employment.
A new section, 36A, is added, as fo llo w s :]
Sec. 36A. The State board o f labor and statistics shall have the
Backward
discretion o f issuing tem porary permits to boys over fourteen years Pu Plls o f age, who are mentally retarded and are unable to»make further
advancement at school, upon the w ritten recommendation o f the
superintendent o f education, o f the city o f Baltim ore or any county
in the State, as the case may be.
Approved April 10, 1918.
*
51
MASSACHUSETTS.
ACTS OF 1918.
C h a p t e r 53.— Sunday labor.
[This act amends section 1, chapter 92, Revised Laws, by adding
a provision perm itting the removal o f trapped animals from the
traps, but not perm itting the setting, resetting, or baiting o f traps
on Sunday.]
Trapping,
C h a p te r 87.— Paym ent o f wages— W eekly pay day.
[This act amends section 112, chapter 514, Acts .of 1909, by Employees of
adding clubs in cities to the list o f employers who must m a k eclubs*
w eekly payments o f wages to their employees.]
C h a p t e r 90.— H ours o f labor o f public em ployees— Farm labor.
S e ction 1. There shall be allowed and paid out o f the treasury
Agricultural
o f the Commonwealth a sum not exceeding $100,000, to be expended macllineiTsubject to the approval o f the governor and council by the State
board o f agriculture in the purchase o f farm machinery and in
operating the same or in leasing it to farmers, for use in this Com
monwealth, upon such terms and fo r such periods as the board may
deem expedient.
Sec. 2. The provisions of chapter four hundred and ninety-four
Eight-h our
of the acts of nineteen hundred and eleven, as amended by chapter■
jjy not to ap~
two hundred and forty of the general acts of nineteen hundred and
sixteen, relating to the hours of labor of public employees, shall
not apply to persons employed under the provisions of this act.
Approved March 23, 1918.
C h apter
110.— F a ctory regulations— Provisions fo r warming food.
[This act amends section 104, chapter 514, A cts o f 1909, as Facilities to
previously amended, by adding the follow in g to the list o f supplies be supplied,
and appliances that the employer must fu rn ish :]
and also suitable and sanitary facilities for heating or warm ing
food to be consumed by those employees o f the factory or shop wlio
so desire.
C h a p t e r 112.— Insurance o f em ployees— Group insurance.
S ection 1. Group life insurance is hereby declared to be that
form o f life insurance covering not less than fifty employees, with
or w ithout m edical examination, w ritten under a policy issued to
the employer, the premium on wT
hich is to be paid by the employer
or by the employer and employees jointly, and insuring only all o f
his employees, or all o f any class or classes thereof determined by
conditions pertaining to the employment, for amounts o f insur
ance based upon some plan w hich w ill preclude individual selection,
and fo r the benefit o f persons other than the em p loyer: Provided,
hotoever, That when the premium is to be paid by the employer and
employee jointly and the benefits o f the policy are offered to all
eligible employees, not less than seventy-five per cent o f such em
ployees may be so in su red ; or not less than forty per cent if each
employee belonging to the insured group has been medically ex
amined and found to be acceptable fo r ordinary insurance by an
individual policy.
53
Definition,
54
L A W S OP VARIOUS STATES R E L A T IN G TO LABOR.
Policies to be
approved.
S e c . 2. On and after July first, nineteen hundred and eighteen, no
policy o f group life insurance shall be issued or delivered in this
Commonwealth until a copy o f the form thereof has been filed at
least thirty days with the insurance commissioner, unless before
the expiration o f said thirty days the said commissioner shall have
approved the policy in w ritin g ; nor if the said commissioner noti
fies the company in w riting within said thirty days that, in his
opinion, the form o f the policy does not comply w ith the laws o f
this Commonwealth, specifying the reasons for his o p in io n : P ro
vided, That this action o f the said commissioner shall be subject
to review by the supreme ju dicial c o u r t; nor shall any such policy
be so issued or delivered unless it contains in substance the follow
ing provision s:
L A provision that the policy sha.ll be incontestable after two
Provisions.
years from its date o f issue, except for nonpayment o f premiums o r
violation o f the conditions o f the policy relating to m ilitary or
naval service in time o f war.
2. A provision that the policy, the application o f the employer
and the individual applications, if any, o f the employees insured
shall constitute the entire contract between the parties and that
all statements made by the employer or by the individual em
ployees shall, in the absence o f fraud, be deemed representations
and not warranties, and that no such statement shall be used in
defense to a claim under the policy unless it is contained in a
w ritten application.
3. A provision for the equitable adjustment of the premium or the
amount of insurance payable in the event of a misstatement of the
age of an employee.
4. A provision that the com pany w ill issue to the employer fo r
delivery to the employee whose life is insured under the policy an
individual certificate setting forth a statement as to the insurance
protection to which he is entitled and to whom it is payable, to
gether with a provision to the effect that in case o f the termination
o f the employment for any reason whatsoever the em ployee shall
be entitled to have issued to him by the company, w ithout evidence
o f insurability and upon application made to the com pany w ithin
thirty-one days after such termination and /upon the payment o f
the premium applicable to the class o f risk to w hich he belongs
and to the form and amount o f the policy at his then attained age,
a policy o f life insurance in any one o f the form s custom arily issued
by the company, except term insurance, in an amount equal to the
amount o f his protection under such group insurance policy at the
time o f such termination.
5. A provision that to the group or class thereof originally in
sured shall be added from time to time all new employees o f the
employer eligible to insurance in such group or class.
A policy shall be deemed to contain any such provision in sub
stance when, in the opinion o f the insurance commissioner, the
provision is stated in terms more favorable to the employer or em
ployee than are herein set forth.
P ro ceed s e x Sec. 4. N o policy of group life insurance, or the proceeds thereof
em pt.
when paid to any employee or employees thereunder, or to their
beneficiaries, shall be liable to attachment trustee process or other
process or to be seized, taken, appropriated or applied by any legal
or equitable process or operation of law to pay any debt or liabili
ties of such employee or his beneficiary or any other person who
may have a right thereunder either before or after payment; nor
shall the proceeds thereof, when not made payable to any bene
ficiary, ccfnstitute a part of the estate of the employee for the pay
ment of his debts.
Loans.
S ec . 5. Group life insurance policies shall be exem pt from any
loan provision or requirement. Any equity o f the insured in a
group life insurance policy at the time o f default in the payment
o f a premium, whether that equity exists by reason o f the terms
Extensions. o f the policy or by statute, shall be applied to purchase extended
or paid up insurance for each o f the insured at attained age on
55
M ASSA C H U SE TT S.
the basis o f the mortality table and rate o f interest used in com
puting the premium fo r the group.
S e c . 6 . Under any group policy issued by a dom estic mutualMutual eomlife insurance company, the em ployer only shall be a member o f Panies*
the company, and entitled to one vote by virtue o f such policy at
the meetings o f the company.
S e c . 7. Except as provided in this act it shall be unlaw ful to
Act binding,
make a contract o f life insurance covering a group in this Com
monwealth.
Approved March 27, 1918.
147.— E m ploym ent o f women and children— Hours
o f labor.
S e c t io n 1. The provisions o f section forty-eight o f chapter five
Elevator
hundred and fourteen o f the acts o f nineteen hundred and niii£, era ors'
and o f any amendments thereof, and o f any law hereafter enacted
restricting the hours o f women and minors laboring in factories,
or workships, or in mercantile, m anufacturing o r mechanics L
establishments shall, unless it is otherwise expressly provided,
apply to women and m inors operating elevators in any o f the
aforesaid establishments, or in any building occupied in whole or
in part by any such establishment, or in any office building.
Approved April 12, 1918.
C h apter
C haptee
op-
149.— Tips o f hat checkers, e tc ., to be property o f
em ployees.
S e c t io n 1. It shall be unlaw ful fo r any person* firm or corporaE m p loyer n ot
tion directly or indirectly to accept or receive any gratuity given to tak®
*
to an employee o f such person, firm or corporation fo r the checking
o f clothing.
S e c . 2. Violation o f this act shall be punished by a fine o f not
Violations,
less than $50 fo r each offense.
Becam e a law without the governor’s signature.
C hapter 192.— Em ploym ent o f labor— D eductions from wages
fo r tardiness.
S e c t io n 1. There shall not be deducted from the wages o f an
employee in any factory, workshop, manufacturing, mechanical
or m ercantile establishment, or from the wages o f a mechanic,
workman or laborer, on account o f the em ployee’s coming late to
work, a sum in excess o f the proportionate w age which would have
been earned during the tim e actually lost.
S e c . 2. Violation o f any provision o f this act shall be punished
by a fine o f not more than $50 for each offense.
Approved May 3, 191S.
C hapter
206. — Vocational
education — Evening
em ergency.
D e d u c tio n s
limited,
Violations,
classes — W ar
[This act permits instruction in trades, etc., to persons in atR e striction s
tendance on evening classes, in any line o f profitable training, waivedw ithout restriction to the line o f the student’s occupation during
the day, this w aiver o f the previous lim itation operating for the
term o f the wrar and one year thereafter. The maximum lim it o f
twenty-five years fixed by statute fo r attendance on such classes
is sim ilarly w aived.]
Chapter 230.— R ehabilitation o f wounded soldiers and sailors—
State and Federal cooperation.
S e c t i o n 1. For the purpose o f fitting for employment in the inD u ty o f board
dustries o f the Commonwealth, and o f making self-supporting and o f ed u cation ,
independent o f charitable aid soldiers and sailors who have been
56
LA W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
or may become disabled or diseased in the present w ar service o f
the United States or o f its Allies, and who are residents of the
Commonwealth at the time o f their discharge, or within one year
thereafter, and continue to be residents w hile receiving the benefits
o f this act, the board o f education is hereby directed to establish
a division for their training and instruction.
Advisory
Sec. 2. Said division shall consist o f a qualified executive head,
board.
appointed by the board o f education, and an advisory board. The
advisory board shall consist o f the commissioner o f education, w ho
shall be chairman, the surgeon general, the commissioner o f health,
the director o f the bureau o f statistics, the director o f mental dis
eases, the chairm an o f the industrial accident board, and the su
pervisor o f administration, ex officio, and nine other persons who
shall be appointed by the governor, w ith the advice and consent
o f the council, and shall serve w ithout compensation. The director
o f the bureau o f statistics shall be the executive secretary o f the
board.
E q u i p me nt,
Sec. 3. The governor, w ith the advice and consent o f the council,
etc.
is hereby authorized to transfer, either w holly or in part, to the
board o f education, fo r the use o f said division, the use and cus
tody o f any State hospital, school or workshop, including its equip
ment and employees, or any other suitable resources o f the Com
monwealth, for a period not exceeding the duration o f the pres
ent w ar and two years after its termination as defined by Federal
authority.
Arrange
Sec. 4. The board o f education, acting through said division, is
ments.
hereby empowered to make reasonable agreements for the use o f
available facilities for the purposes o f this act, to provide such
facilities where they are needed and to employ qualified persons to
teach or supervise the soldiers and sailors seeking reeducation or
training under the provisions o f this act.
Cooperation.
Sec. 5. The governor, w ith the advice and consent o f the coun
cil, may lease to, or perm it to be used by, the United States or any
department, bureau or agency thereof, any State hospital, school,
workshop and its premises and equipment, or any other suitable
resources belonging to the Commomvealtli fo r the purpose o f en
abling the United States to carry on the reeducation and rehabili
tation in industry o f any soldiers and sailors in the service o f the
United States or o f its Allies, and may assign to the United States
or its agents any agreement or contract entered into by the board
o f education or by said division for carrying out the purposes o f
this act, upon such terms and conditions as w ill fu lly protect the
Commonwealth against expense.
Sec. 6. To carry out the provisions o f this act there may be ex
Appropria
tion.
pended from the treasury o f the Commonwealth such amounts as
shall annually be appropriated by the general court, but, during
the present fiscal year, not more than $ 10,000.
Approved May 28, 1918.
C hapter
Division o f
training
and
instruction.
Head.
Expenses.
231.— Rehabilitation o f injured icorlcmcn.
S e c t io n 1. There is hereby established, under the direction and
control o f the industrial accident board, a division for the training
and instruction o f persons w hose capacity to earn a living has in
any w ay been destroyed or im paired through industrial a ccid en t:
Provided, That at the time o f the accident w hich incapacitated
them they w ere residents o f the Commonwealth. The said board
shall in its annual report to the general court describe in detail the
wrork o f the division, and may from time to time issue bulletins
containing inform ation relative thereto.
Sec. 2. The head o f the said division shall be appointed and his
salary determined by the industrial accident board, subject to the
approval o f the governor and council, and he may be rem oved by
the said board. The division shall be furnished w ith suitable
quarters in the statehouse, and may expend fo r salaries and other
necessary expenses such amount as shall annually be appropriated
therefor by the general court.
57
M A SSACH U SETTS.
S e c . 3. The said division shall aid persons who are incapacitated
as described in section one in obtaining such education, training
and employment as w ill tend to restore their capacity to earn a
livelihood. The division may cooperate w ith the United States
Government and in cooperation w ith the board o f education may
establish or maintain, or assist in establishing or maintaining, in
schools or institutions supported w holly or in part by the Common
wealth such courses as it may deem expedient, and otherwise
may act in such manner as it may deem necessary to accomplish
the purposes o f this act.
Approved May 28, 1918.
C hapter
Duties,
251.— Strikes, etc.— N otice in advertisem ents fo r labor.
[This act amends section 5 o f chapter 347, Acts o f 1914, so as to
read as fo llo w s :]
Sec. 5. The provisions o f this act shall cease to be operative End of strike,
when the State board o f conciliation and arbitration shall deter
mine that the business o f the employer, in respect to which the
strike or other labor trouble occurred, is being carried on in the
normal and usual manner and to the normal and usual extent.
Upon the application o f the employer, this question shall be deter
mined by said board, but only after a full hearing at which all
persons involved shall be entitled to be heard and be represented
by counsel. The board shall give at least three days’ notice o f the
N o t i c e of
hearing to the strikers and employees by publication in at least earmg*
three daily newspapers published in the Commonwealth, and by
m ailing a copy o f said notice, postage prepaid, to the employers and
to the accredited representatives o f the strikers or workmen inter
ested, when their addresses are k n ow n ; and in every case the sec
retary o f the board o f conciliation and arbitration shall make
every reasonable and diligent effort to give notice to said strikers,
or interested workmen.
Approved May 29, 1918.
C hapter
257.— General amendment laio.
[This act makes numerous changes in various existing laws.
Sections 101-110 relate to changes in the law governing pensions
for State em p loyees; sections 117-125, fo r county em ployees; sec
tions 126-133 for municipal em p loyees; while sections 134-136
make changes w hich are o f general application. These changes
relate chiefly to matters o f detail, and are o f subordinate impor
tance except from an adm inistrative standpoint.
Section 134 provides for the payment to the estate o f a deceased
Deceased
member o f a pension fund o f any sum due h im ; or if there be no J^nsion funds?
adm inistrator or executor, then to the person apparently entitled
.
’
to such sum. Section 136 forbids assignments o f rights in or to
ssignmen .
funds or pensions except as provided in the act.
Sections 263 and 264 amend sections 17 and 18 o f chapter 65, Age l i m i t
Revised Laws, relating to employment o f children in street trades, for children.
Section 17 is amended by advancing from sixteen to eighteen
years the age under w hich permits fo r girls w ill be issued by the
school committee. Section 18 is amended so as to read as fo l
lows : ]
Sec. 18. Any person who employs a minor in, or who, having
the care or custody o f a minor, permits him to engage in hawking penalty
or peddling w ithout a perm it or license, if one is required, and
any person who, either for him self or as agent o f any other person
or o f any corporation, furnishes or sells to such minor any articles
with knowledge that such minor intends to sell such articles in
violation o f the provisions o f this chapter, relative to hawkers
and peddlers, shall be punished by a fine o f not more than $ 200, to
be equally divided between the Commonwealth and the city or town
in which the offense is committed, or by imprisonment for not
more than six months.
58
W ho to
rules. b o
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A T IN G TO LABOR.
ap-
[Section 344 amends section 27 o f chapter 405, A cts o f 1907r
which relates to inspection o f steam boilers, by requiring the ap-.
proval o f the council as w ell as o f the governor before the boiler
rules acquire the force o f law, as therein provided.]
Approved May 29, 1918.
C h a p t e r 276.— Board o f labor and industries— Tem porary
inspectors.
A d d itio n a l
S ectio n 1. The State board o f labor ana industries is hereby
in sp e c to r s.
authorized to appoint, subject to the provisions o f section eight of
chapter seven hundred and twenty-six o f the acts o f nineteen hun
dred and twelve, as amended by chapter seventy-'four o f the
General Acts o f nineteen hundred and fifteen, five additional in
spectors, to serve for a period o f one year from the date o f the
passage o f this act, and to receive from the treasury o f the Com
monwealth such salaries as may be determined by the said board,
w ith the approval o f the governor and council.
Approved May 31, 1918.
C h a p t e r 286. — Com pulsory labor, etc., service.
S e ctio n 1. The governor may, at any time during the continuance o f the present war, issue a proclam ation that the employment
o f all men able to w ork is necessary fo r the public protection and
Scope o f law. welfare. T h irty days after the issue o f such proclam ation, and
thereafter until the termination o f the present w ar, it shall be the
duty o f every male resident o f the Commonwealth, w ho is able to
W ork tim e, w ork and who is between the ages o f eighteen and fifty years, to
engage in and pursue some regular, useful occupation fo r at least
thirty-six hours per week, and to com ply -with the provisions o f
#this act relative to registration. Any such person who fails to
#to be employed or who fails to comply with the provisions o f this
V io la tio n s.
act s5la11
punished by a fine o f not more than $100 or by im
prisonment for a term not exceeding three months or both. The
governor may after the issuance o f such proclam ation at any time
w ithdraw the same if in his opinion such action w ill be fo r the
public interest: Provided, h ow ever, That such w ithdraw al shall
hot limit the right o f the governor to issue a new proclam ation
under this act whenever he deems it advisable.
P r o p e r ty not
S ec . 2. Possession on the part o f any person o f money, property
a defen se.
or income sufficient to support him self and those regularly de
pendent upon him shall not be a defense to any prosecution under
this act.
P la ce m e n t.
S ec . 3. Any person subject to the provisions o f this act shall
notify the director o f the bureau o f statistics, or any agent desig
nated by him as hereinafter provided, o f the inability o f any such
person to obtain employment, and thereupon it shall be the duty o f
said director and o f all such agents to register forthw ith the name
o f such person, together with his address, age, and any other in
form ation which the director may deem necessary, and to furnish
each registrant w ith a certificate o f registration. T h e director of
the bureau o f statistics shall thereupon assign, or cause to be
assigned, and, if necessary, reassign or cause to be reassigned,
such person to positions in the employ o f any em ployer w illing to
accept the services o f such person, subject to the provisions o f
this act, or to a position in the service o f the United States, the
Commonwealth or any county or municipality thereof, subject to
the provisions o f existing statutes and ordinances, and su bject to
the approval o f the board, commission or responsible head o f the
department to w hich such person may so be assigned: P rovid ed,
however, That in assigning anyone to work, the said director or
his agents shall take into consideration the age, and any physical
or other disability which may make the registrant unfitted for
certain kinds o f w o r k : And, provided, fu rth er, That no such person
shall be required to work a greater number o f hours per day than
Power
govern or.
of
M ASSACH U SETTS.
59
usually constitutes a clay’s w ork in the occupation or employment
in w hich such person is required to engage.
S ec . 4. It shall be the duty o f every person who receives a cerW eekly
retificate as aforesaid and is not at work, to report in person on ceP °rta week at the office at w hich he was registered until he becomes
employed, and at any time thereafter when he is not employed.
The date upon which he so reports shall be marked upon the cer
tificate and the certificate shall not be good i f it shows upon its
face that more than one week has elapsed w ithout the employment
o f the holder o f the certificate and w ithout an indorsement show
ing that he had reported as aforesaid.
S ec . 5. A ll persons required to w ork under this act shall receive
Wages,
compensation o f not less than the prevailing wage or salary paid
to others engaged in the same kind o f w ork in the community to
which they are assigned. I f any such person is assigned to w ork
fo r any department, board or commission o f the Commonwealth,
his compensation shall be paid to him by such department, board
or commission out o f the appropriation made fo r it by the general
court. I f any such person is assigned to w^ork for any county or
fo r any m unicipality, or fo r any private employer, his compensa
tion shall be paid by such county, municipality or private em
ployer.
S ec . 6. The director o f the bureau o f statistics, upon the issue o f
A gen ts,
a proclam ation as aforesaid, shall designate agents for the regis
tration o f the unemployed in the several cities and towns o f the
Commonwealth, and it shall be the patriotic duty o f all agents so
designated to perform such duties, not inconsistent w ith the pro
visions o f this act, as may be requested o f them by said director,
w ithout compensation from the Commonwealth, or, if already in
the service o f the Commonwealth or a city or town, to serve in said
capacity w ithout extra com pensation; and any necessary expense
o f providing and equipping an office fo r the use o f such agents,
approved in w riting by the director in each city and town shall
not be a charge upon the Commonwealth, but if not borne by the
voluntary contributions o f citizens shall be paid by the city or
town.
S ec . 7. In establishments where the union shop exists the same
U n ion shops,
shall continue, and the union standards as to wages, hours o f labor
and other conditions o f employment shall be maintained.
S e c . 8. A fter the issuance o f the proclam ation aforesaid it shall
E n foroem en t.
be the duty o f the police officers o f the Commonwealth and o f the
cities and towns thereof to enforce this act, and they shall seek
diligently the names and places o f residences o f male persons sub
ject to the provisions o f this act, between the ages aforesaid, in
their respective jurisdictions, not regularly or continuously em
ployed, and any male person found in this State shall be deemed
a resident thereof. In any prosecution hereunder, the fact that
the accused habitually loiters in idleness in any public or other
place, shall, on his failure to produce the certificate required by
section three, or the statement required by section eleven, be prima'
facie evidence o f his failu re or refusal to comply with provisions
o f this act, and any officer authorized to serve crim inal process in
any county may arrest such person w ithout a warrant.
S ec . 9. A s soon as may be after issuance o f the proclamation
Committee,
aforesaid the governor shall appoint not less than fou r persons to
act as an advisory committee to the director o f the bureau o f
statistics in carrying out the provisions o f this act and in the ad
m inistration o f the public employment offices established under the
provisions o f chapter five hundred and fourteen o f the acts o f
nineteen hundred and nine and acts in amendment thereof and in
addition thereto. The committee so appointed shall serve without
compensation during the pleasure o f the governor or fo r such term
or terms as he may designate.
S e c . 10. F or the purpose o f carrying out the provisions o f this
Expenses,
act, the director o f the bureau o f statistics is authorized to expend
such sums, in addition to the amounts already appropriated for
the maintenance o f the public employment offices for the current
60
L A W S OF VARIO US STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
year, as the legislature may ap propria te; and he may make such
rules and regulations not inconsistent w ith the provisions o f this
act, as he may deem necessary to carry out its provisions.
E x em p t per Sec. 11. The provisions o f this act shall not apply to persons
sons.
tem porarily unemployed by reason o f difficulties w ith their em
ployers, nor to bona fide students during a school or college term,
nor to persons fitting themselves to engage in trade or industrial
pursuits, if any such person is able to produce from his union,
strike committee, proper school or college authority, or other
authority designated by the director o f the bureau o f statistics, a
satisfactory statement in w riting setting forth the reason fo r his
nonem ploym ent; nor shall the provisions o f this act apply to per
sons registered under the provisions o f an act o f Congress “ To
authorize the President to increase tem porarily the m ilitary estab
lishment o f the United States,” approved by the President on May
eighteen, nineteen hundred and seventeen, or o f acts in amend
ment thereof, except under such conditions as may be approved by
the adjutant general o f Massachusetts.
Approved May 31, 1918.
RESO LVES.
C h a p t e r 70.— Old-age and sickness insurance.
P u b lic ity .
Resolved, That there be allowed and paid out o f the treasury o f
the Commonwealth the sum o f $5,000, to be expended under the
direction o f the trustees o f the general insurance guaranty fund, in
a manner similar to the w ork o f said trustees in m aking known the
advantages o f savings bank life insurance under the provisions o f
chapter one hundred and sixty-eight o f the General Acts o f nine
teen hundred and fifteen, fo r the purpose o f fu rther encouraging
and prom oting old-age annuities and the organization o f mutual
benefit associations among the employees in industrial plants in the
Commonwealth in order to afford them an opportunity to insure
against sickness and disability. The said trustees shall have
authority to employ such agents or solicitors as they may deem
necessary fo r the purposes aforesaid, and also such additional
clerical assistance as may be necessary from time to time.
Approved May 29, 1918.
C h a p t e r 73.— State board o f labor and industry— Investigation.
Resolved, That the supervisor o f administration be directed to
I n v e stig a tio n
directed.
inquire into and to investigate the efficiency o f the State board o f
labor and industries, the organization thereof and the methods
employed thereby, and to what extent and in w hat respects the
board should be reorganized, and to report to the next general
court his conclusions and recommendations not later than the first
Wednesday o f January.
A p p rov ed M ay 31, 1918.
MISSISSIPPI.
ACTS OF 1918.
C h a p t e r 258.— Em ploym ent o f children— School attendance.
S ection 1. On and after the first day o f September, 1918, every
parent, guardian or other person in the State o f Mississippi hav
ing control or charge o f any child or children between the ages o f Age.
seven and fourteen years, inclusive, shall be required to send such
child or children to a public school or to a private, denominational
or parochial school taught by a competent instructor, and such
child or children shall attend school fo r at least sixty days durTerm,
ing each and every scholastic y e a r : Provided, That the county
school board, or in case o f a separate school district, the board
o f trustees shall have pow er to reduce the period o f compulsory
attendance to not less than forty days for any individual sch ool:
Provided, fu rth er, That tfce period o f compulsory attendance fo r
each school shall commence at the beginning o f the school, unless
otherwise ordered by the county school board or by the board o f
trustees o f a separate school district, as the case may be.
S ec . 4. In case where because o f extreme poverty, the services
Poor
ckiio f such children are necessary fo r their own support, or the su p -dren*
port o f their parents, as attested by an affidavit o f said parents,
the teacher shall, w ith the consent o f the trustees, spare such
child or children from atten dan ce; or in case where such parent,
guardian or other person having control o f the child, shall show
before an officer by affidavit that the child is w ithout necessary
books and clothing fo r attending school and that he is unable to
provide them, the said child may be excused from attendance,
until through charity or other means, books and clothing have
been provided, and thereafter the child shall no longer be exempt
from such attendance.
S ec . 9. (a ) The provisions o f this act shall not be applicable to
County, ctc.,
any county in the State, unless and until an election shall have elections,
been held to determine whether or not the people o f said county,
or o f any supervisor’s district, separate school district or con
solidated school district shall vote to come in under same.
In effect September 1, 1918.
61
MONTANA.
A C T S O F 1918— E X T R A S E S S IO N .
C h a p t e r 7. — In terferen ce with em ploym ent— Criminal syndicalism.
S y n d ic a lism .
S ection 1. Criminal syndicalism is hereby defined to be the doc
trine which advocates crime, violence, force, arson, destruction of
property, sabotage, or other unlawful acts or methods, or any such
acts, as a means of accomplishing or effecting industrial or political
ends, or as a means of effecting industrial or political revolution.
Sec. 2. Sabotage is hereby defined to be malicious, felonious,
Sab otage.
intentional or unlawful damage, injury or destruction of real or
personal property, of any form whatsoever, of any employer, or
owner, by his or her employee or employees, or any employer or
employers or by any person or persons, at their own instance, or
at the instance, request or instigation of such employees, em
ployers, or any other person.
Sec. 3. Any person who, by word of mouth or writing, advocates, A dvocacy.
T
suggests or te'aches the duty, necessity, propriety or expediency of
crime, criminal syndicalism, or sabotage, or who shall advocate,
suggest or teach the duty, necessity, propriety or expediency of
doing any act of violence, the destruction of or damage to any
property, the bodily injury to any person or persons, or the com
mission of any crime or unlawful act as a means of accomplishing
or effecting any industrial or political ends, change or revolution,
or who prints, publishes, edits, issues or knowingly circulates,
sells, distributes, or publicly displays any,books, pamphlets, paper,
handbill, poster, document, or written or printed matter in any
form whatsoever, containing, advocating, advising, suggesting or
teaching crime, criminal syndicalism, sabotage, the doing of any
act of violence, the destruction of or damage to any property, the
injury to any person, or the commission of any crime or unlawful
act as a means of accomplishing, effecting or bringing about any
industrial or political ends, or change, or as a m.eans of accomplish
ing, effecting or bringing about any industrial or political revolu
tion, or who shall openly, or at all attempt to justify, by word of
mouth or writing, the commission or the attempt to commit
sabci i *e, any act of violence, the destruction of or damage to any
property, the injury of any person or the commission of any crime
or unlawful act, with the intent to exemplify, spread, or teach or
suggest criminal syndicalism, or organizes, or helps to organize or
become a member of, or voluntarily assembles with any society or
assemblage or persons formed to teach or advocate, or which
teaches, advocates, or suggests the doctrine of criminal syndical
ism, sabotage, or the necessity, propriety or expediency of doing
any act of violence or the commission of any crime or unlawful
act as a means of accomplishing or effecting any industrial or
political ends, change or revolution is guilty of a felony, and upon
conviction thereof shall be punished by imprisonment in the State
penitentiary for a term of not less than one year or more than five
years, or by a fine of not less than $200 or not more than $1,000, or
by both such fine and imprisonment.
Sec. 4. Wherever two or more persons assemble or consort for A ssem b lies.
the purpose of advocating, teaching or suggesting the doctrine of
criminal syndicalism, as defined in this act, or to advocate, teach,
suggest or encourage sabotage, as defined in this act, or the duty,
necessity, propriety, or expediency of doing any act of violence,
63
64
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
the destruction o f or damage to any property, the bodily in ju ry to
any person or persons, or the commission o f any crim e or u nlaw ful
act as a means o f accom plishing or effecting any industrial or
political ends, change or revolution, it is hereby declared unlaw ful
and every person voluntarily participating therein, by his pres
ence aids or instigates, is guilty o f a felony, and upon conviction
thereof shall be punished by imprisonment in the State prison fo r
not less than one year or more than five years, or by a fine o f
not less than $200, or more than $ 1,000, or by both such im prison
ment and fine.
P e r m ittin g
Sec. 5. The owner, lessee, agent, superintendent, or person in
assem b lies.
charge or occupation o f any place, building, room, or rooms, or
structure, who knowingly permits therein any assembly or consort
o f persons prohibited by the provisions o f section 4 o f this act, or
who after notification that the place or premises, or any part there
of, is or are so used, permits such use to be continued, is guilty o f
a misdemeanor and punishable upon conviction thereof by im pris
onment in the county ja il fo r not less than sixty days or fo r not
m ore than one year, or by a fine o f not less than $ 100, or m ore than
$500, or by both such im prisonment and fine.
Approved February 21, 1918.
O R D E R S— STATE COUNCIL OF D EFEN SE.
No. 2.— Com pulsory labor, etc ., service— W ar em ergency.
Work
quired.
r e
The duty is hereby imposed upon every adult person having the
necessary physical and mental capacity and ability to do so, to
w ork and engage in some legitim ate occupation fo r at least five
days during each calendar week fo r the period o f the existing war.
Any person w ithout sufficient excuse who shall fail, neglect, or
refuse to so engage in some law ful and legitimate occupation as
provided in this section shall be guilty o f a misdemeanor * * *.
Any person not so engaged in some legitimate occupation for
the five days stated each week, must register w ith the city clerk,
i f a resident o f an incorporated city, and if not a resident o f an
incorporated city, w ith the county clerk and recorder or some
justice o f the peace o f the county o f which he is a resident, setting
forth the reason why he is not engaged in some legitimate occupa
tion.
This order shall be deemed an official order, or rule, o f the Mon
tana Council o f Defense and is intended to supplement existing
laws and shall be construed in connection therewith.
E n fo rcem en t.
The duty o f enforcing this order is hereby imposed u pon-the
Montana Council o f Defense, the county councils o f defense, and
all State, county, and municipal officers in the State, and es
pecially is this duty imposed upon county attorneys, sheriffs,
mayors o f cities and all police officers within the State.
*
❖
D a ted A p r il 22, 1918.
^
*
*
N EBRASKA.
A C T S O F 1918— E X T R A S E S S IO N .
C h a p t e r - 9.— Sabotage.
S e c t i o n 1. Any person who shall m aliciously destroy or injure
any railroad, railroad rolling stock or equipment, or any highway
bridge, m anufacturing plant, or equipment, or any real, mixed or
personal property o f any kind, or m aliciously do or omit to do any
thing with intent to destroy, damage or render less useful or less
fit for the purpose for which it is intended, any farm product or
m anufactured product, or any such farm or m anufactured product
in the course o f production or manufacture, shall' be deemed
guilty o f sabotage, and upon conviction thereof, shall be punished
by a fine o f not less than $200, nor more than $5,000, or by im pris
onment in the penitentiary fo r a term o f not less than one year,
nor more than ten years, or by both such fine and imprisonment in
the discretion o f the court.
Approved A pril 8, 1918.
106407°— 19-------5
65
O ffenses.
Penalty.
NEW JERSEY.
ACTS OF 1918.
C h a p t e r 17.— F a ctory, e tc., regulations— Approval o f plans.
[This act authorizes the commissioner o f labor to charge a fee o f
not less than $1 nor m ore than $5 for his approval o f any plan or
specification required by law to be submitted to him, and a like
sum for a certificate o f approval o f w ork done or alterations made
in conform ity with recommendations made by him. These fees
are to be paid into the State treasury.]
Ch apter
Fees,
55.— Compulsory labor, etc., service— W ar emergency.
S ection 1. It is hereby declared to be the duty o f every ableWo r k r e
bodied male resident o f this State, between the ages o f eighteen Q
uire<l
and fifty years, to be habitually and regularly engaged in some
law ful, useful and recognized business, profession, occupation,
trade or employment. W henever the governor o f this State shall
issue a proclam ation determining such employment to be necessary
and essential for the protection and w elfare o f this State and the
United States, because o f the existence o f a state o f w ar in which
the United States may be engaged, and thenceforw ard until the
termination o f such w^ar, and any able-bodied male resident o f
this State, between the ages aforesaid, who shall fa il or refuse to
be so employed fo r at least thirty-six hours per week shall be
guilty o f a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall pay
a fine o f not m ore than $100 or be im prisoned fo r a term not to
exceed three months, or both.
S ec . 2. In no case shall the possession by the accused o f money,
P r o p e r ty n o t
property or incom e sufficient to support him self and those regu- a d efen se,
larly dependent upon him be a defense to any prosecution under
this act.
S ec . 3. In no case shall the claim by the accused o f his inability
In a b ility t o
to obtain w ork or employment be a defense to a prosecution here- obtain w ork,
under, unless it shall be proved that the accused prom ptly notified
the commissioner o f labor o f the State o f New Jersey o f his ina
bility to obtain employment, and requested that w ork or employ
ment be found for him, and that such employment was not fu r
nished him, and shall hold a certificate from the commissioner o f
labor that such application has been made.
S ec . 4. It shall be the duty o f the commissioner o f labor whenP la cem en t,
ever any person shall inform him o f his inability to obtain em
ployment as aforesaid to register forthw ith the name o f such per
son in the department o f labor, together w ith his address, age
and any other inform ation which he may deem necessary. The
commissioner o f labor shall thereupon assign, or cause to be as
signed, and, if necessary, reassign or cause to be reassigned, such
persons to occupations as aforesaid, carried on by the State or any
county or m unicipality thereof, or by private employers, engaged
in agricultural, industrial or other occupations o f the character
above mentioned, and who accept th e services o f such persons:
Provided, however, That no person shall be required to w ork
under this act any greater number o f hours per day than law fully
constitutes a day’s w ork in the occupation in which such person is
required to engage. In the event o f the commissioner o f labor
being unable to procure employment fo r such persons applying as
aforesaid, it shall then be the duty o f the said commissioner o f
labor to so certify to such person in writing.
67
68
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
W ages.
S e c . 5. All persons required to w ork under this act shall receive
compensation o f not less than the wage or salary paid to others
engaged in the same nature o f w ork to w hich each such person is
assigned. I f any such person is assigned to w ork for any depart
ment, board or commission o f the State, then the compensation
o f such person shall be paid to him by such department, board or
commission out o f the appropriation made to it by the State. I f
any such person is assigned to w ork for any county or for any
municipality, or fo r any private employer, then the compensation
o f such person shall be paid to him by such county or m unicipality,
or by private, employer, accepting his services.
S e c . 6 . Any person failin g or refusing to do, or to continue to do,
V io la tio n s.
the w ork assigned to him, or who, in the meanwhile, has not be
come regularly or continuously employed in some lawful,- useful
and recognized business, occupation, trade, profession or employ
ment as aforesaid, shall be guilty o f a misdemeanor, and upon
conviction thereof shall pay a fine o f not more than $100 or im
prisonment fo r a term not exceeding three months, or both.
S e c . 7. A s soon as the proclam ation has been issued, as herein
R u les, etc.
provided, it shall be the duty o f the com m issioner o f labor to pre
pare and publish such rules and regulations governing the assign
ment o f persons to w ork under this act as w ill assure that all per
sons sim ilarly circum stanced shall, as fa r as it is possible to do
so, be treated alike. In assigning anyone to work, the commis
sioner o f labor shall take into consideration the age, physical
condition and any other appropriate circumstances o f the person
so assigned, and the rules and regulations to be promulgated by
said commissioner o f labor under the provisions o f this act shall
make allowances fo r such facts and circumstances.
S e c . 8. A fter the issuance o f the proclam ation hereinbefore pro
E n fo rcem en t.
vided for, it shall be the duty o f the sheriffs o f the respective
counties and o f any other officer, State, county or municipal,
charged w ith enforcing the law, to seek and continue to seek dili
gently the names and places o f residence .of able-bodied male per
sons w ithin their respective jurisdictions, between the ages afore
said, not regularly or continuously employed as aforesaid.
S e c . 9. The commissioner o f labor is authorized to appoint or
A ssista n c e .
employ, subject to the civil-service provisions now in force, such
employees as may be necessary, and to use such agencies as may
be available and appropriate, to aid him in carrying out the provi
sions o f this act.
P erso n s ex S e c . 10. The provisions o f this act shall not apply to persons tem
em pt.
porarily unemployed by reason o f differences w ith their employers,
nor to bona fide students during the school term, nor to persons
fitting themselves to engage in trade or industrial pursuits.
R e sid en ts.
S e c . 11. F or the purposes o f this act, any male person as afore
said found in this State shall be deemed a resident, and in any
prosecution hereunder p roof that the accused habitually loiters in
idleness in streets, roads, depots, pool rooms, saloons, hotels,
stores or other places shall be prima facie evidence o f the failure
or refusal o f such person to com ply w ith the provisions o f this
act.
Approved February 15, 1918.
[In accordance w ith the above a proclam ation was issued by the
governor M arch 8, 1918, reading in part as fo llo w s : ]
P r in cip les to
The selective-service principle should prevail precisely as in the
control.
making o f our m ilitary forces. In this task w e are drafting fo r the
industrial army. There are kinds o f w ork too severe in a physical
sense for the “ society idler,” who may, however, be competent
to handle tasks which would be impossible for slackers o f the hobo
type. Sound judgm ent must be employed in our experiment to rid
the human hives o f its drones, and I call upon the labor depart
ment o f the State to employ all o f its available resources, including
the Federal-State-municipal employment bureaus, in providing ma
chinery to obtain the kind o f w ork suitable for specific cases.
69
N E W JERSEY .
T o put in motion the m achinery thus to be provided by the State
department o f labor w ill require the cooperative touch o f lawenforcing officers all over the State. I therefore call the attention
o f sheriffs, mayors, and heads o f police departments in all munici
palities to the necessity o f maintaining sharp vigilance and a
keen eye for those workless individuals whose lack o f ambition and
fondness fo r idleness constitutes not merely a financial burden to
every community, but also a genuine menace to the w elfare o f the
nation’s manhood under arms and their safety on the battle front.
Executives o f m unicipalities o f ten thousand population and
over are urged to have their police departments compile a list o f all
habitual idlers in the community, to the end that they may be indi
vidually w arned o f the penalty o f one hundred dollars or three
months in ja il, or both, prescribed for deliberate nonemployment,
and that the names o f those professing willingness to w ork may
be promptly certified to the State labor department, as available for
employment.
E n forcem en t,
Sam e.
C h a p t e r 204. — Em ploym ent o f children— General provisions.
LThis act amends chapter 136, A cts o f 1911, as amended by chapL ia b ility foi*
ter 253, Acts o f 1914. No changes are made in the provisions v io la tio n s ,
affecting the age, hours o f labor, permits, sanitary conditions re
quired, etc. Offending corporations are made liable, as well as
their officers and ag en ts; agents o f firms are also subjected to the
same penalties as members. Section 15 is amended so as to read
as fo llo w s : ]
Sec. 15. M ercantile establishment, as used in this act, shall be D efin ition ,
construed to apply to any employment o f any person fo r wages or
other compensation other than in a factory, workshop, mill, place
w^here the manufacture o f goods o f any kind is carried on, mine,
quarry or in agricultural pursuits.
Approved March 4, 1918.
C h a p t e r 227.— P riva te em ploym ent offices.
S e c t i o n 1. ( a ) The term “ p e r so n ” when used in this act shall
mean and include any individual company, association or corpo
ration, or their agents.
(&) The term “ f e e ” when used in this act shall mean and in
clude any payment o f money, or the promise to pay money, or the
excess o f money received by any person furnishing employment or
employees over what he has paid fo r transportation, transfer or
baggage or lodging fo r any applicant for em ploym ent; it shall
also mean and include the difference between the amount o f money
received by any person who furnishes employees and perform ers
fo r any entertainment, exhibition or perform ance, and the amount
paid by him to said employees or performers.
(c ) The term “ p riv ile g e ” as used in this act shall mean and
include the furnishing o f food, supplies, tools or shelter to contract
laborers, commonly known as commissary privileges.
(d ) The term “ employment agency ” when used in this act shall
mean and include the business o f procuring or offering to procure
help or employment, or the giving o f inform ation as to where help
or employment may be procured, whether such business is con
ducted in a building or on the street or elsew h ere; or the business
o f keeping an intelligence office, employment bureau, or shipping
agency, nurses’ registry, or agency for procuring engagements fo r
vaudeville or theatrical perform ers, or other agency or office for
procuring w ork or employment for persons, where a fee or privi
lege is exacted, charged or received directly or indirectly for pro
curing or assisting or promising to procure employment, work, en
gagement or a situation o f any kind, or for procuring or providing
help or promising to provide help for any person, whether such is
collected from the applicant for employment or the applicant for
help.
S ec . 2. The provisions o f this act shall not apply to employment
agencies which procure employment fo r persons as teachers or in
D efin itio n s,
Exemptions,
70
L A W S OP VARIOUS STATES R E L A T IN G TO LABOR.
technical or executive positions exclusively in recognized institu
tions, or to registries conducted by duly incorporated associations
or registered nurses, or employment bureaus o f registered m edical
institutions or incorporated hospitals, nor shall it apply to depart
ments maintained by persons, firms, corporations or associations
for the purpose o f securing help for themselves where no fee is
charged the applicant for employment, or to departments main
tained by either Federal, State, m unicipal or charitable agencies
where no fee is charged.
Sec. 3. {a) No person shall open, keep or carry on any employ
L icen se.
ment agency as defined above unless such person shall procure a
license therefor from the commissioner of labor. Such license shall
be posted in a conspicuous place in said agency. Any person who
shall open or conduct such an employment agency without first
procuring said license, or who shall conduct such an agency after
revocation of such license, shall be liable to a penalty of not less
than $50 and not more than $250.
(&) An application fo r such license shall be made in w riting to
the commissioner o f labor and shall state the name and number
o f the building and place where the employm ent agency is to be
conducted. The application fo r such license shall be filed not less
than one week prior to the granting o f said license, and the com
missioner o f labor shall act upon such application w ithin thirty
days from the time o f such application.
( c ) Every such applicant shall be required to furnish satisfac
Q u a lifica tio n s.
tory proof o f good moral character in the form o f affidavits by at
least tw o reputable citizens o f the State, and any person may
protest against the issuance or the transfer o f any license. The
commissioner o f labor, or his representative, shall investigate, or
cause to be investigated, the character and responsibility o f the
applicant, and shall examine, or cause to be examined, the premises
designated in such application as the place in w hich it is proposed
to conduct such agency.
( d ) Such license shall contain the name o f the person licensed,
C o n ten ts o f
lic e n se.
a designation o f the city, street, and number o f the house in which
the person licensed is authorized to carry on the said employment
agency, and the number and date o f such license. Such license
shall not be valid to protect any other than the person to whom it
is issued and shall not authorize the carrying on o f any such agency
at any place other than that designated in the license, and it shall
not be transferred or assigned to any other person unless consent is
obtained from the commissioner o f labor, and no such agency shall
be conducted in rooms used fo r living purposes, or where boarders
or lodgers are kept, or where meals are served, or where persons
sleep, or in connection with a building or on the premises where
intoxicating liquors are sold to be consumed on the premises, except
in office buildings containing cafes and restaurants.
I f said
licensed person shall conduct a lodging house fo r the unemployed,
separate and apart from such agency, it shall be so designated in
the license. Unless sooner revoked by the comm issioner o f labor,
such licenses shall run to the first day o f January next ensuing the
date thereof and no longer.
Fees.
( e ) Every person licensed under the provisions o f the act to
carry on the business o f an employment agency shall pay the com
missioner o f labor a license fee according to the population o f the
m unicipality as shown by the last preceding Federal census, v i z :
In cities o f one hundred and fifty thousand and upwards, $100.
In cities o f one hundred thousand and upwards, $75.
In cities o f fifty thousand and upwards, $50.
In cities of less than fifty thousand, $25.
B efore such license is issued, he shall also deposit wT
ith the com
B ond.
missioner o f labor a bond in the penal sum o f $ 1,000, w ith tw o or
more sureties, or a duly authorized surety company, as surety, to
be approved by the commissioner o f labor.
2.
The bond executed as provided in the preceding subdivisions
C onditions.
o f this section shall be payable to the people o f this State and shall
be conditioned that the person applying for the license w ill comply
N E W JERSEY .
71
with this act and shall pay all damages occasioned to any person
by reason o f any misstatement, misrepresentation, fraud or deceit,
or any unlaw ful act or omission o f any licensed person, his agents
or employers, while acting within the scope o f their employment,
made, committed or omitted in the business conducted under such
license, or caused by any violation o f this act in carrying on the
business for w hich such license is granted. In case o f a breach o f
the condition o f any such bond, appplication may be made to the
commissioner o f labor by the person injured by such breach for
leave to sue upon such bond, w hich leave shall be granted by the
commissioner o f labor if it be proven to his satisfaction that the
condition o f such bond has been breached and the party applying
has been injured thereby. The person obtaining such leave to sue
may take the bond from the files o f the said com m issioner and
institute suit thereon in his ow n name fo r the recovery o f damage
sustained by such breach.
3.
I f at any time, in the opinion o f the commissioner o f labor, N ew bond.
the sureties on any such bond, or any o f them, shall become irre
sponsible, the person holding such license shall, upon notice from
the commissioner o f labor, give a new bond, subject to the provi
sions o f this section. The failure to give a new bond w ithin ten
days after such notice, in th e'discretion o f the comm issioner o f
labor, shall operate as a revocation o f such license, and the license
shall be thereupon returned to the commissioner o f labor, wT shall
ho
destroy the same.
Sec. 4. (a ) It shall be the duty o f every such licensed person
R e g ister s.
to keep a register, approved by the commissioner o f labor, in
w hich shall be entered, in the English language, the date o f the
application for employment, the name and address o f the applicant
to whom employment is prom ised or offered, the amount o f the fee
received, and whenever possible, the name and address o f form er
employers or persons to whom such applicant is known. Such
licensed person shall also enter in a separate register, to be ap
proved as aforesaid, in the English language, the name and address
o f every applicant accepted fo r help, the date o f such application,
kind o f help requested, the names o f the persons sent, w ith the
designation o f the one employed, the date o f employment, the
amount o f the fee received and the rate o f wages agreed upon.
T h e aforesaid register o f applicants fo r employment and for help
shall be open' during office hours to inspection by the officers o f
the department o f labor. No such licensed person, his agent or
employees, shall make any fa lse entry in such registers.
(b ) It shall be the duty o f every licensed person, whenever pos
R eferen ces.
sible, to communicate orally or in w riting with at least one o f the
persons mentioned a s reference by every applicant fo r w ork in
private fam ilies or employed in a fiduciary capacity, and the result
o f such investigation shall be kept on file in such agen cy: Pro
vided, how ever, That if the applicant fo r help voluntarily waives,
in writing, such investigation o f references by the licensed person,
failure on the part o f the licensed person to make such investiga
tion shall not be deemed a violation o f this act.
S e c . 5. (a ) E very employment agent shall file with the com
F ees t o b€l
missioner o f labor, for his approval, a schedule o f fees proposed to charged.
be charged fo r any services rendered to em ployers seeking em
ployees, and persons seeking employment, and all charges must
conform thereto. The schedule o f fees may be changed only with
the approval o f the commissioner o f labor. No registration or
other fees in lieu thereof shall be charged or received by such
employment agent. No such licensed person shall receive or ac
D iv isio n .
cept any valuable thing or g ift as a fee or in lieu thereof. No such
licensed person shall divide, directly or indirectly, fees with any
person securing help, or his agents, or other employees, or anyone
in their employ to whom applicants for employment are sent, nor
shall any licensed person offer to so divide any fees.
( b)
In case the applicant shall not accept or obtain help or em R ep aym en t.
ployment through such agency, then such licensed person shall
on demand repay the fu ll amount o f the said fee, allow ing three
72
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES B E L A TIN G TO LABOK.
days’ time to determine the fact o f the applicant’s failure to obtain
help or employment. I f an employee furnished an applicant for
help fails to remain one week in the situation, or if such employee
is discharged fo r cause, a new employee shall be furnished if said
applicant fo r help so elects, or three-fifths o f the fee returned
within fou r days o f dem an d: Provided, h ow ever, That said appli
cant fo r help notifies said licensed person within thirty days o f the
failure o f the applicant fo r employment to accept the position, or
o f the applicant’s discharge fo r cause.
I f the employee is discharged within one week w ithout said
em ployee’s fault, another position shall be furnished, or threefifths o f the fee returned to the applicant fo r employment if he so
elects. Failure o f said applicant fo r help to notify said licensed
person that such help has been obtained through means other than
said agency shall entitle said licensed person to retain or collect
three-fifths o f the said fee.
O r d e r s re No such licensed person shall send out any applicant fo r em
ployment w ithout having obtained, either orally or in writing, a
quired.
bona fide order therefor, and i f it shall appear that no employment
o f the kind applied fo r existed at the place to which said appli
cant was directed, the said licensed person shall refund to such ap
plicant, w ithin three days o f demand, any sums paid by said ap
plicant fo r transportation in going to and returning from said
place, and all fees paid by said applicant.
Sec. 6. I t shall be the duty o f such licensed person to give to
R eceipt.'
every applicant fo r employment from whom a fee shall be received
a receipt, in w hich shall be stated the name o f said applicant, the
date and the am ount o f the fee, and the purpose fo r w hich it w as
paid, and to every applicant for help a receipt stating the name
and address o f said applicant, the date and am ount o f the fee,
and the kind o f help to be provided. E very such receipt shall
have printed on the back thereof a copy o f sections five and six o f
this act in the English language, or in any language w hich the per
son to whom the receipt is issued can understand.
Every such licensed person shall also give to each applicant for
S ta tem en t.
employment a card or printed paper containing the name of the
applicant, name and address of such employment agency, and
the written name and address of the person to whom applicant
is sent for employment.
Sec. 7. No such person shall induce or attempt to induce any
S o licitin g .
domestic employee to leave his employment w ith a view o f obtain
ing other employment through such agency. W henever such li
S en d in g t o censed person, or any other acting for him, agrees to send one or
o th er lo c a lity . more persons to w ork as contract laborers in any one place outside
the city in w hich such agency is located, said licensed person shall
file with the commissioner o f labor, w ithin five days after the con
tract is made, a statement containing the follow in g ite m s: Name
and address o f the em p loyee; nature o f the w ork to be perform ed,
hours o f labor, wages offered, destination o f the persons employed
and terms o f transportation. A duplicate copy o f this statement
shall be given to the applicant fo r employment in a language which
he is able to understand.
Sec. 8. (a ) No s«ch licensed person shall send or cause to be
Im proper em
p loym en ts.
sent any fem ale to become a servant or inmate or to enter any
place o f bad repute, house o f ill fam e, or assignation house, or to
any house or place o f amusement kept for immoral purposes, or to
a place resorted to fo r the purpose o f prostitution, or to a gambling
house. No such person shall knowingly permit any person o f bad
character, prostitutes, gamblers, intoxicated persons or procurers
to frequent such agency.
(&) No such licensed person shall accept any application fo r
C hildren.
employment made by or on behalf o f any child under the age o f
sixteen years, or shall place or assist in placing any such child in
any employment whatever.
(c )
No licensed person, his agents, servants or employees,
Force.
shall induce or compel any person to enter such agency, fo r any
N E W JERSEY .
purpose, by the use o f force or by taking forcible possession o f
said person’s property.
( d ) No such person shall procure or offer to procure help or em- B a r r o o m s ,
ployment in rooms or on premises where intoxicating liquors are etc*
sold to be consumed on the premises, except as heretofore provided
in subdivision ( d ), section three, whether or not dues or a fee or
privilege is exacted, charged or received directly or indirectly.
( e ) No such licensed person shall publish or- cause to be pub- F raud ,
lished any false or fraudulent or misleading notice or advertise
ment ; all advertisements o f such employment agency by means o f
cards, circulars or signs, or in newspapers and other publications,
and all letterheads, receipts and blanks shall contain the name
and address o f such employment agency, and no such licensed
person shall give any false inform ation, or make any false promise
or false representation concerning employment to any applicant
who shall register fo r employment or help. Any person who shall
violate any provisions o f this section shall be liable to a penalty
o f not less than $50 and not m ore than $250.
Sec. 9. Every such licensed person shall post in a conspicuous P r o v is io n s to
place in each room o f such agency sections five, six, seven a n d be posted,
eight o f this act, which shall be printed in large type in language
w hich persons commonly doing business w ith such office can un
derstand. Such printed law shall also contain the name and ad
dress o f the commissioner o f labor.
Sec. 10. The enforcem ent o f this act shall be intrusted to the E n forcem en t,
commissioner o f labor, who shall cause to be made at least bi
monthly visits to every such agency. Said inspectors shall have
a suitable badge, wT
hich they shall exhibit on demand o f any per
son w ith whom they may have official business, and said inspectors
shall see that all the provisions o f this act are complied with. The
said commissioner o f labor may refuse to issue and may revoke
any license for any good cause shown within the meaning and pur
pose o f this act, and when it is shown to his satisfaction that any
licensed person is guilty o f any im moral or illegal conduct in con
nection w ith the conduct o f said business, it shall be his duty to
revoke the license o f such p e rso n ; but notice o f the charge shall
be presented and reasonable opportunity s h a r fb e given said li
censed person to defend himself. W henever for any cause such
license is revoked, a license shall not be issued to said licensed
p e r s o n or his r e p r e s e n t a t i v e , or to any p e r s o n w i t h w h o m he is to
be associated in the business o f furnishing em ploym ent; nor shall
a license be granted to anyone for conducting an employment
agency at said place o f business w ithin the space o f tw elve months
follow ing date o f revocation o f said license.
S ec . 11. The violation o f any provision o f this act, except as Violations,
provided in sections tw o and eight, shall be punishable by a pen
alty o f not less than $25 and not m ore than $50.
All proceedings brought under the provisions o f this act shall
be by action o f debt, in the name o f the commissioner o f labor, to
be instituted in any district court o f a city or ju dicial district,
recorders’ courts o f cities, or before any justice o f the peace having
due jurisdiction, and the first.process, shall be by summons, which
process shall be served on the owner or owners, person or persons, or
any o f them, ow ning the place or operating the business wherein the
alleged violation o f law has taken p la ce ; i f such owner or
owners, person or persons, reside in the county where the offense
was committed, or if the ow ner or owners, person or persons, as
aforesaid, do not reside in the county where the offense was com
mitted, then said process shall be served on the superintendent,
forem an, or person in charge o f the business or p la c e ; service upon
a corporation shall be made upon the president, vice president,
secretary, or any director, and if none o f them reside in the county
where the offense w as committed, then service may be made upon
the superintendent, forem an or person in charge o f the business
or p la ce ; in case the owner or owners o f a building reside within
the lim its o f the county, then service o f the process may be made
upon the agent in charge o f said building, and if there be no such
74
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
agent, then service o f the process may be made by affixing a copy
thereof to the main door o f such building at least ten days before
the return day th ereof; all proceedings thereafter shall be the
same as in an action o f debt in said c o u r t; the finding o f the court
shall be that the defendant has or has not, as the case may be,
incurred the penalty claim ed in the demand o f the plaintiff, and
judgment shall be given a ccord in g ly ; in case an execution shall
issue and be returned unsatisfied, the court, on application, after
notice to the defendant, may aw ard an execution to take the body
o f the defendant, i f an individual, and in case such defendant
is committed under such an execution, he shall not be discharged
under the insolvent laws o f the State, but shall only be discharged
by the court making the order for the body execution or one o f the
justices o f the supreme court, when such court or justice shall be
satisfied that further confinement w ill not result in the payment o f
the judgm ent and costs; all money collected under the provisions
o f this act shall be paid into the treasury o f the State o f New
Jersey.
Inspectors,
The commissioner o f labor shall have the pow er to appoint
etc.
such inspectors, department clerks,' or other assistants, for carrying
on the work required by this act as may in his judgm ent be neces
sary, and shall fix the salaries to be paid. Such inspectors, depart
ment clerks, or other assistants may be used for such other w ork
o f the department o f labor as the commissioner o f labor shall deem
fit, and shall be entitled to necessary traveling expenses.
C iv il service.
Sec. 12. A ll inspectors, department clerks, or other assistants
appointed under this act shall be appointed by the commissioner
o f labor, and all inspectors, department clerks, or other assistants
shall be appointed, hold their offices and perform their duties sub
ject to the provisions o f an act entitled “ An act regulating the em
ployment, tenure and discharge o f certain officers and employees
o f this State, and o f the various counties and municipalities
thereof, and providing fo r a civil service commission, and defining
its powers and duties,” approved April tenth, one thousand nine
hundred and eight, and amendments thereof and supplements
thereto. A ll salaries and expenses necessary to carry out the
provisions o f thi$ act shall be paid in semimonthly installments
from the funds o f the State, out o f the moneys appropriated fo r
that purpose by the treasurer, upon w arrant o f the comptroller,
upon presentation o f proper vouchers for the same, approved by
the commissioner o f labor.
Approved M arch 4, 1918.
C h a p t e r 232.— Em ploym ent o f children— A ge certificates.
F r e e service.
[T h is act directs the officers in charge to make searches? of rec
ords o f birth and furnish transcripts thereof free o f charge to
applicants seeking data to support requests for employment cer
tificates for children.]
C h a p t e r 235.— D epartm ent o f labor— Bureau o f migrant w elfare.
B ureau
ated.
cre
S e c t i o n 1. There is hereby created w ithin the department o f
labor a migrant w elfare and employment bureau, consisting o f a
bureau chief, who shall be appointed by the commissioner o f
labor, fo r a term o f three years, and who shall receive a salary
o f $2,500 per annum. The commissioner o f labor may appoint such
clerks, stenographers and other assistants fo r said bureau as may
be deemed necessary, which appointments shall be made in ac
cordance with the provisions o f an act entitled “ An act regulat
ing the employment, tenure and discharge o f certain officers and
employees o f this State, and o f the various counties and m unici
palities thereof, and providing fo r a civil service commission, and
defining its pow ers and duties,” approved April tenth, nineteen
hundred and eight, and the acts am endatory thereof and supple
mental thereto.
75
N E W JERSEY .
S e c . 2. Tlie necessary expenses incurred by the chief or any o f
the assistants o f this bureau shall be paid from the funds o f the
State, out o f moneys appropriated fo r that purpose upon pre
sentation o f proper vouchers approved by the comm issioner o f
labor.
S e c . 3. Said bureau shall investigate the conditions under which
migrants are living and w orking in this State, shall instruct them
in the rules o f sanitation and sanitary living, shall endeavor to
procure proper housing facilities and assist in securing suitable
employment for migrants. The chief o f said bureau shall perform
his duties under the direction and supervision o f the commissioner
o f labor.
Approved March 4, 1918.
E x p en ses.
Duties.
NEW YORK.
ACTS OF 1918.
C h a p t e r 52.— Tim e to v ote to be allowed em ployees.
[T h is act amends section 365 o f chapted 17, Consolidated Laws, All e le c tio n s
by making the allowance o f tw o hours as time to vote applicable to covered,
all elections instead o f to general elections only.]
C h a p t e r 192.— Insurance o f em ployees— Group insurance.
S e c t i o n 1. Article two o f * * * chapter twenty-eight o f the
Consolidated Law s is hereby amended by adding after section one
hundred and one, fou r new sections * * * to read as fo llo w s :
Sec. 101-a. Group life insurance is hereby declared to be D efin ition ,
that form o f life insurance covering not less than fifty employees
with or without medical examination, written under a policy issued
to the employer, the premium on w hich is to be paid by the em
ployer or by the employer and employees jointly, and insuring only
all o f his employees, or all o f any class or classes thereof deter
mined by conditions pertaining to the employment, fo r amounts o f
insurance based upon some plan which w ill preclude individual
selection, for the benefit o f persons other than the em ployer:
Provided, h ow ever, That when the premium is to be paid by the
employer and employee join tly and the benefits o f the policy are
offered to all eligible employees, not less than seventy-five per
centum o f such employees may be so insured.
Sec. 101-b. No policy o f group insurance shall be issued or P r o v isio n s of
delivered in this State unless and until a copy o f the form thereof P°licies*
has been filed w ith the superintendent o f insurance and approved
by h im ; nor shall such policy be so issued or delivered unless it
contains in substance the follow in g p rovision s:
1. A provision that the policy shall be incontestable after tw o
years from its date o f issue, except for nonpayment o f premiums
and except fo r violation o f the conditions o f the policy relating to
m ilitary or naval service in tim e o f war.
2. A provision that the policy, the application o f the employer
and the individual applications, if any, o f the employees insured,
shall constitute the entire contract between the parties, and that all
statements made by the em ployer or by the individual employees
shall, in the absence o f fraud, be deemed representations and not
warranties, and that no such statement shall be used in defense to
a claim under the policy, unless it is contained in a w ritten appli
cation.
3. A provision for the equitable adjustm ent o f the premium or
the amount o f insurance payable in the event o f a misstatement o f
the age o f an employee.
4. A provision that the company w ill issue to the em ployer fo r
delivery to the employee, whose life is insured under such policy,
an individual certificate setting forth a statement as to the insur
ance protection to w hich he is entitled, to whom payable, together
w^ith provision to the effect that in case o f the term ination o f the
employment for any reason whatsoever the employee shall be
entitled to have issued to him by the company, without further
evidence o f insurability, and upon application made to the company
w ithin thirty-one days after such termination, and upon the pay
ment o f the premium applicable to the class o f risk to which he
belongs and to the form and amount o f the policy at his then
77
78
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
attained age, a policy o f life insurance in any one o f the form s
customarily issued by the company, except term insurance, in an
amount equal to the amount o f his protection under such group
insurance policy at the time o f such termination.
5.
A provision that to the group or class thereof originally
insured shall be added from time to time all new employees o f the
employer eligible to insurance in such group or class.
Policies o f group insurance, when issued in this State by any
company not organized under the laws o f this State, may contain,
when issued, any provision required by the law o f the State, or
Territory, or district o f the United States under which the com
pany is orga n ized ; and policies issued in other States or countries
by companies organized in this State, may contain any provision
required by the laws o f the State, Territory, district or country in
w hich the same are issued, anything in this section to the con
trary notwithstanding. Any such policy may be issued or deliv
ered in this State w hich in the opinion o f the superintendent o f
insurance contains provisions on any one or more o f the several
foregoing requirements m ore favorable to the employer or to the
employee than hereinbefore required.
One v o te to
Sec. 101-c. In every group policy issued by a dom estic life insurem pioyer.
ance company, the employer shall be deemed to be the policyholder
fo r all purposes w ithin the meaning o f this chapter, and, if entitled
to vote at meetings o f the company, shall be entitled to one vote
thereat.
E xem p tion .
Sec. 101-d. No policy o f group insurance, nor the proceeds
thereof, when paid to any em ployee or employees thereunder, shall
be liable to attachment, garnishment, or other process, 01* to be
seized, taken, appropriated or applied by any legal or equitable
process or operation o f law, to pay any debt or liability o f such
employee, or his beneficiary, or any other person who may have a
right thereunder, either before or after p a ym en t; nor shall the
proceeds thereof, when not made payable to a named beneficiary,
constitute a part o f the estate o f the employee fo r the payment o f
his debts.
Became a law A pril 13, 1918.
C h a p ter
265.— In du stry
badges— W earing
persons.
by unauthorized
S e c t i o n 1. The penal law is hereby amended by inserting therein,
at the end o f article one hundred and thirty-four, a new section, to
be section fourteen hundred and thirty-five, to read as fo llo w s :
A doption.
Sec. 1435. An employer o f labor m ay adopt a badge, or other
insignia o f identification, to be w orn or displayed by the employees
fo r the purpose o f identification w hile upon the premises o f the
employer and post a notice o f the adoption o f such badge, or in
signia, near the main entrance o f such premises. Such employer
shall deposit w ith the industrial commission a replica o f such badge
or insignia, and such commission shall, i f such badge or insignia
be distinctive, issue to such em ployer a certificate authorizing the
U n a u th o r iz e d lise thereof fo r the purposes o f this section. Any person who, after
use.
the approval and adoption o f such badge, or insignia, and posting
o f such notice, w ithout authority 'or permission o f the employer
adopting the same, w illfu lly w ears such badge, or displays such
insignia, or any facsim ile or any im itation thereof, or uses the
same to obtain admittance to or remain upon the prem ises o f the
employer, is guilty o f a misdemeanor.
Became a law April 17, 1918.
C h a p t e r 355.— D epartm ent o f labor— Industrial council.
Pay.
[This act amends subdivision 3, section 40-a o f chapter 31, Con
solidated Law s (w hich provides for services w ithout p a y ), so as
to read as follow s : ]
3. The members o f the council shall be entitled to compensation
at the rate o f not exceeding $10 per diem for each meeting at-
N E W YORK.
79
tended by them, or each day actually spent in the w ork o f the
council. They shall also be paid their reasonable and necessary
traveling and other expenses while engaged in the perform ance
o f their duties.
[The sum o f $15,000 is appropriated for the purpose o f this pro
vision.]
Became a law April 30, 1918.
C h a p t e r 356. — F ree public em ploym ent offices— Additional services.
P r o v isio n for
S ection 1. The sum o f five thousand dollars ($5,000), or so
N egroes.
much thereof as may be needed, is hereby appropriated to the
industrial com m ission fo r the establishment, as provided by article
five-a o f the labor law, o f an additional public employment office
in that locality w hich in the opinion o f the industrial commission
would best serve the interest o f the Negro population. The sum
hereby appropriated shall be payable by the treasurer on the
order o f the commission.
Becam e a law April 30, 1918.
C h a p t e r 414. — R etirem ent o f public em ployees— Commission.
S ection 1. A State commission is hereby created consisting o f
Commission
seven members, o f whom one shall be the superintendent o f in- create<3
surance o f the State o f New York. T w o shall be appointed by
the governor, one by the tem porary president o f the senate and
one by the speaker o f the assembly, to inquire into the subject o f
. retirement pensions, allowances, and annuities fo r State and muni
cipal officers and employees, especially w ith reference to the
method o f establishing and maintaining the fund from which such
uties.
pensions, allowances and annuities shall be paid. A vacancy occur
ring in the office o f a member o f such commission shall be filled
by the officer who made the original appointment.
Sec. 2. Such commission shall have power to subpoena and com- Powers,
pel the attendance of witnesses, including public officers and em
ployees, and to require the production of books, records and papers,
to take and hear proofs and testimony and adopt rules for the
conduct of its proceedings.
S e c . 3. The commission shall select a chairman and vice chair- O rg a n isa tio n ,
man from among its own members and may employ a secretary
and such other experts and employees as may be needed, in con
nection with the duties of the commission, and may fix their
compensation.
S ec . 4. The members o f such commission shall receive no comExpenses,
pensation for their services, but shall be paid their actual and
necessary traveling, hotel and other expenses incurred in the dis
charge o f their duties.
S ec . 5. The commission shall on or before February first, nineReport,
teen hundred and nineteen, report the result o f its inquiry to the
governor and legislature, including such proposed legislation as it
may deem advisable.
S ec . 6. The sum o f five thousand dollars ($5,000), or so much
A pp ro-p riathereof as may be needed, is hereby appropriated fo r the purposes tlon.
o f this act, payable by the treasurer on the w arrant o f the comp
troller on the order o f the chairm an or vice chairm an o f such
commission.
Became a law May 1, 1918.
C h a p t e r 415. — Em ploym ent o f children— Illiterates.
S ection 1. Article twenty-three o f * * * chapter sixteen o f the
Consolidated LawT * * * is hereby amended by adding thereto a
s
new section, to read as fo llo w s ;
Sec. 637. 1. Every minor, between sixteen and twenty-one S c h o o l atyears o f age, who does not possess such ability to speak, read and tendance*
write the English language, as is required, fo r the completion o f
80
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
the fifth grade o f the public or private schools o f the city or school
district in which he resides, shall attend some day or evening
school or some school maintained by an employer as hereinafter
provided in subdivision six o f this act, in the city or district in
which he resides throughout the entire time such school is in
session : Provided, That no such minor be required to attend, if
the commissioner o f health, or the executive officer o f the board or
department o f health o f the city, town, village or district, where
such minor resides, or an officer thereof designated by such board,
department or commissioner shall deem such minor to be physi
cally or m entally unfit to attend.
2. Any minor subject to the provisions o f this section, w ho
w illfu lly violates any provisions o f this section, shall be punished
by a fine o f not exceeding $5.
3. E very person having in his control any minor subject to the
provisions o f this section shall cause such minor to attend a school
as hereby req u ired ; and if such person fails fo r six sessions within
a period o f one month to cause such minor to so attend school,
unless the commissioner o f health or the executive officer o f the
board or department o f health o f the city, town, village or district
where such minor resides or an officer thereof designated by such
board, department or commissioner shall certify that such minor’s
physical or mental condition is such as to render his attendance
at school harm ful or impracticable, such person shall, upon com
plaint by a truant officer and conviction thereof, be punished by a
fine o f not more than $20.
4. W hoever induces or attempts to induce such minor to absent
him self unlaw fully from school or employs such minor except as
is provided by law, or harbors such who, while school is in session, *
is absent unlaw fully therefrom , shall be punished by a fine o f not
more than $50.
E m ployer
5. The employer o f any minor subject to the provisions o f this
keep records.
section shall procure from such minor and display in the place
where such minor is employed the weekly record o f regular at
tendance upon a school and it shall be unlaw ful fo r any person to
employ any minor subject to the provisions o f this section until
and unless he procures and displays said weekly record as herein
provided. It shall be the duty o f the teacher or principal* o f the
school upon w hich he (such m inor) attends to provide each week
such minor with a true record o f attendance.
S h o p , etc.,
6. Any employer may meet the requirements o f this act by con
c la sse s.
ducting a class or classes fo r teaching English and civics to fo r
eign-born in shop, store, plant or factory, under the supervision
o f the local school authorities, and any minor subject to the pro
visions o f this act may satisfy the requirem ent by attendance
upon such classes.
Became a law M ay 1,1918.
C h a p ter
M inors.
Women.
434.— Em ploym ent o f women and children— M essenger
service.
S e c t i o n 1. Section one hundred and sixty-one-a o f chapter * * *
thirty-one o f the Consolidated Laws, as added by chapter three
hundred and forty-one o f the laws o f nineteen hundred and ten is
hereby renumbered section one hundred and sixty-one-c, and such
section as thus renumbered is hereby amended to read as fo llo w s :
Sec. 161-c. In cities o f the first or second class no male under the
age o f twenty-one years shall be employed or perm itted to w ork as
a messenger for a telegraph ,or messenger company in the distri
bution, transm ission or delivery o f goods or messages before five
o ’clock in the m orning or after ten o’clock in the evening o f any
day. No fem ale under the age o f twenty-one years shall be em
ployed or permitted to work at any time in the occupation specified
in this subdivision. No woman over twenty-one years o f age shall
be employed or permitted to w ork as a messenger for a telegraph or
messenger company in the distribution, transmission or delivery
o f goods or messages more than six days or fifty-four hours in any
81
NEW YORK.
one week, or before seven o’clock in the*morning or after ten o’clock
in the evening o f any day. The provisions o f subdivision fou r o f
section one hundred and sixty-one o f this chapter, in relation to the
time allowed fo r meals and o f section one hundred and sixty-one-a
o f this chapter, in relation to the posting o f a notice as to the
number o f hours employed, and sections one hundred and sixtyeight-c and one hundred and sixty-eight-e of such chapter, in
relation to washing facilities and wT
ater closets respectively, shall
be deemed also to apply to the employment specified in this section.
Became a law May 2, 1918.
C hapter
456. — D epartm ent
o f labor— Bureau o f statistics and
inform ation— R eports o f industrial diseases.
S ection 1. Sections sixty-two, sixty-three, sixty-four, sixty-five
o f chapter * * * thirty-one o f the Consolidated Laws, as renum
bered and amended by chapter one hundred and forty-five o f the
law s o f nineteen hundred and thirteen, are hereby amended to read,
respectively, as fo llo w s :
C hief.
Sec. 62. The bureau o f statistics and inform ation shall be
under the immediate charge o f a chief statistician, but subject to
the direction and supervision o f the commission.
Sec. 63. The bureau o f statistics and inform ation shall have D iv isio n s.
such divisions as may be deemed necessary by the commission.
Each division shall, subject to the supervision and direction o f the
commission and o f the chief statistician, be in charge o f a chief o f
division, or o f such other employee o f proper qualifications as the
commission may designate therefor.
Sec. 64. The bureau o f statistics and inform ation shall collect D u ties.
and prepare such statistics and other inform ation from the
records o f the department, from reports collected for the purpose,
or from other sources, for the use o f the commission or for publi
cation, as may be directed by the commission, it being the policy
t n d intent o f this section that the commission shall have full and
accurate inform ation relating to the operation and effect o f the
laws w hich it administers, the means o f prom oting the ends sought
by those laws, and any other matters concerning which the
commission may deem it desirable that inform ation shall be
available.
The bureau shall prepare or edit, and shall issue such publica
tions, and furnish inform ation otherwise, as may be directed by
the commission.
I n d u s t rial
[The amendment o f section 65 consists m erely in substituting the
w ord “ commission ” for the term “ commissioner o f labor ,’7 where d isea ses.
it occurs, as the office to w hich industrial diseases are to be
reported.]
Became a law May 6, 1918. '
C h a p t e r 459. — Em ploym ent o f children— General provisions.
[This act subdivides section 71 (and the identical section 163)
into numbered subdivisions, with slight verbal changes; no sig
nificant substantive changes made.]
C h a p t e r 595.— D epartm ent o f labor— Industrial commission.
[This act amends section 41 o f chapter 31, Consolidated Laws,
by increasing the salary o f the third deputy, in charge o f the
bureau o f mediation and arbitration, from $5,000 to $6,000; and
section 49 o f the same chapter, by increasing the salary o f the
counsel o f the commission from $6,000 to $7,000.]
S alaries.
C h a p t e r 625. — Compulsory labor, etc., service— W ar em ergency.
S ection 1. The governor is hereby authorized to issue a procla
mation, during the present w ar w ith Germany and its allies, to the
106407°—19------6
Scope o f act.
82
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A T IN G TO LABOR.
effect that public exigency requires that every able-bodied m ale
person, between the ages o f eighteen and fifty years, inclusive, be
habitually and regularly engaged in some law ful, useful and rec
ognized business, profession, occupation, trade or employment un
til the term ination o f such war. Any such proclam ation shall be
filed with the secretary o f state and published at least once In
P r e c l a m a each county, in a newspaper o f general circulation therein. The
governor may, in like manner, revoke any such proclam ation be
tio n s.
fore the termination o f such war.
Sec. 2. From and after the issuance o f the proclam ation by the
Term .
governor, as provided in section one, and until the termination o f
the present w ar w ith Germany and its allies or until the prior
revocation o f such proclam ation, every able-bodied male resident
o f this State, between the ages o f eighteen and fifty years, inclusive,
shall habitually and regularly engage in some law ful, useful and
recognized business, profession, occupation, trade or employment.
H o u r s per A refusal by any such person to be so employed fo r at least thirtyw eek.
six hours per week shall constitute a violation o f this section.
The possession by any person o f money, property or income suffi
cient to support him self and those regularly dependent upon him
shall not be defense to a prosecution fo r a violation o f this section
or o f any provision o f this article.
Sec. 3. In the prosecution o f any person fo r failure or refusal to
I n a b ility to
o b ta in w ork.
be employed as required by section two, if the defendant allege his
inability to obtain w ork or employment the burden o f p roof shall
be upon him to show that he made reasonable efforts in that be
h a lf; and the people shall not be required to prove in the first
instance that the defendant failed or refused to make such efforts.
It shall, however, be a defense, if the defendant shall prove that
he was registered, as an applicant fo r employment, w ith the bureau
o f employment o f the department o f labor or with a branch office
o f such bureau and that employment w as not furnished.
Sec. 4. No person shall be excused from accepting any proposed
W ages.
employment on the ground that the compensation is not adequate,
if the wage or salary is equal to that paid to others in the same
locality for the same kind o f work. In addition to its other
powers the State industrial commission m ay assign any person reg
istered w ith the bureau o f employment to any available job or
occupation fo r which such person is fitted. Such commission shall
P la cem en t.
prepare and publish such rules and regulations governing the as
signment o f persons to w ork under this act as w ill assure that all
persons sim ilarly circum stanced shall, so fa r as possible, be treated
alike. In assigning anyone to work, such commission shall take
into consideration the age, physical condition and any other ap
propriate circum stances o f the person so assigned. Such rules
shall have the force o f law, and a violation thereof shall be pun
ishable in the same manner as a violation o f any other provision
o f this act.
Sec. 5. It shall be the duty o f the sheriffs o f the respective coun
E n fo rcem en t.
ties and o f any other officer, State or municipal, charged with en
forcin g the law, to seek and to continue to seek diligently the names
and places o f residence o f able-bodied male persons within their re
spective jurisdictions, between the ages o f eighteen and fifty years,
inclusive, not regularly or continuously employed, as provided in
this act, while such proclam ation is in force.
R u les, etc.
Sec. 6. The State industrial commission is hereby authorized to
appoint or employ, subject to the civil-service law or rules, such
additional employees as may be necessary, and to use such agen
cies as may be available and appropriate, to carry out the pro
visions o f this act.
Sec. 7. T h e provisions o f this act shall not apply to persons tem
E x em p tio n s.
porarily unem ployed by reason o f differences w ith their em ployers
or to bona fide students during the school term, nor to persons fit
ting themselves to engage in trade or industrial pursuits.
Sec. 8. For the purposes o f this act, any male person found
R e sid en ts.
within the State shall be deemed a resident and in any prosecu
tion hereunder o f a male person between the ages o f eighteen and
83
N E W YORK.
fifty years, inclusive, p roof that the accused habitually loiters in
idleness in streets, roads, depots, poolrooms, saloons, hotels, stores,
or other places shall be prima facie evidence o f the failure or
refusal o f such person to comply w ith the provisions o f this act.
Sec. 9. Any able-bodied male person, between the ages o f eigh
teen and fifty years, inclusive, who, after such proclamation, and
during the time required by this act, fa ils or refuses to be habit
ually and regularly engaged in some law ful, useful and recognized
business, profession, occupation, trade or employment, as required
by section tw o o f this act, or who, after unsuccessfully seeking
employment, fa ils to register w ith the bureau o f employment o f
the department o f labor within thirty days after the proclam ation
by the governor as provided by this act takes effect, or who there
after continues out o f employment fo r any period o f thirty days
w ithout having registered with such bureau, or who refuses to
accept employment assigned to him by the State industrial com
mission, shall be guilty o f a misdemeanor and punishable by a
fine o f not exceeding $100 or imprisonment fo r not exceeding three
months or both.
Becam e a law M ay 11, 1918.
V io la tio n s.
C h a p t e r 627.— Factory, etc., regulations.
Section 1. Subdivision two o f section seventy-nine-a o f chapter
* * * thirty-one o f the Consolidated Laws, as added by chapter
fou r hundred and sixty-one o f the law s o f nineteen hundred and
thirteen, * * * is hereby amended to read as follow s:
2. The term “ floor area ” means the entire space between fire
walls, or between a fire w all and an exterior w all o f a building, or
between the exterior w alls o f the building w here there is no inter
vening fire wall. From every floor area there shall be not less
than tw o means o f exit remote from each other, one o f w hich on
every floor above the ground floor shall be an interior inclosed
fireproof stairway or an exterior inclosed fireproof stairway, and
the other shall be such a stairway or a horizontal exit. No point
in any floor area in an unsprinklered building shall be m ore than
one hundred feet distant from the entrance to one such means o f
exit, and in a sprinklered building shall be m ore than one hundred
and fifty feet distant from the entrance to one such means o f exit.
In buildings erected after July first, nineteen hundred and eigh
teen, no increase in occupancy shall be permitted under the provi
sions o f section fifty-tw o-a o f this chapter. In every building over
one hundred feet in height there shall be at least one exterior
inclosed fireproof stairw ay w hich shall be accessible from any
point in the building.
Sec. 2. Subdivision three of section seventy-nine-a of such
chapter * * * is hereby amended to read as follows:
3. All stairw ays shall be constructed o f incombustible m aterial
and shall have an unobstructed width o f at least forty-fou r inches
throughout their length, except that handrails may project not
more than three and one-half inches into such width, and except
that stairw ays and landings inside an exterior inclosed fireproof
stairw ay not to exceed one hundred feet in height, may be con
structed o f other than incom bustible material, such other m aterial
to be approved by the commission. There shall be not more
than twelve feet six inches in height between successive landings.
The treads shall be not less than ten inches w ide exclusive o f
nosing, and the rise shall be not m ore than seven and three-fourths
inches. No stairway with “ winders ” shall be permitted as a re
quired means o f exit. The treads shall be constructed and main
tained in such manner as to prevent persons from slipping thereon.
E very stairway shall be inclosed on all sides by fireproof partitions
extending continuously from the low est story to which such stair
way extends to three feet above the roof, except in buildings w ith
fireproof roof slabs the stairw ay inclosure may terminate at the
underside of such slab. The roof o f the inclosure shall be con
structed o f fireproof material at least fou r inches thick and the
F lo o r a rea .
E x its .
Stairways.
84
LAW S OF VARIOUS STATES R EIA TIN G TO LABOR.
Stairways.
inclosure shall be ventilated by : (a ) w indow s in exterior walls, or,
(b ) by skylights in metal fram es with fixed or movable louvres or
ventilators in ro o f o f inclosure. E xterior w indow s w ithin twentyfive feet o f a nonfireproof structure shall be fireproofed. Skylights,
unless provided w ith wired glass, shall have thereunder a shield
o f w ire mesh in substantial fram ew ork. W henever safe egress may
be had from the r oof to an adjoining or near-by structure all stair
ways serving as required means o f exit shall extend to the roof.
All stairw ays serving as required means o f exit shall lead con
tinuously to the street or to a fireproof passageway independent o f
other means o f exit from the building opening on a road or street
or to an open area affording unobstructed passage to a road or
street: Provided, h ow ever, That in buildings m ore than five
stories in height all stairw ays serving as required means o f exit
shall extend to the roof. Provision shall be made fo r the adequate
lighting o f all stairw ays by artificial light.
S e c . 3. Subdivision one o f section seventy-nine-c o f such chapter
* * * is hereby amended to read as fo llo w s :
1.
Stairw ays shall be provided w ith proper and substantial
hand-rails. W here the stairw ay is inclosed by fireproof partitions
the bottom o f the inclosure shall be o f fireproof m aterial at least
fou r inches thick unless the fireproof partitions extend to the
cellar bottom. W henever safe egress may be had from the ro o f
to an adjoining or nearby structure all stairw ays serving as re
quired means o f exit that extend to the top story shall be con
tinued to the roof.
S e c . 4 . S e c tio n s e v e n ty -n in e -d o f s u c h c h a p te r * * * is h e r e b y
a m e n d e d b y a d d in g th e r e to a n e w s u b d iv is io n , t o b e s u b d iv is io n
fiv e , to r e a d a s f o l l o w s :
Notice of per
mit.
5.
The officer o f any city, village or town having powr
er to
examine and pass upon plans fo r the construction and alteration
o f buildings shall, im mediately upon the issuance o f a permit for
the construction or alteration o f a factory building, storage build
ing or m ercantile building as defined in this chapter, forw a rd to
the department o f labor, on form s provided, a notice o f the issu
ance o f such perm it and such other inform ation as is set forth in
such fo r m s : P rovided , how ever, That the provisions o f this sub
division shall not apply to the city o f New York.
S e c . 5 . S u b d iv is io n e ig h t o f s e c tio n s e v e n t y -n in e -f o f s u c h c h a p
te r , * * * is h e r e b y a m e n d e d to r e a d a s f o l l o w s :
E x t erio
stairways.
8. E xterior inclosed fireproof stairw ays shall be stairw ays com
pletely inclosed from top to bottom by w alls o f fireproof m aterial
not less than eight inches thick extending from the sidewalk, court
or yard level to the roof, and w ith w alls extending above the roof
so as to form a bulkhead. The stairw ay shall in all other respects
conform to the requirements o f subdivision three o f section
Seventy-nine-a o f this chapter. There shall be no opening in any
w all separating the exterior inclosed fireproof stairw ay from the
building. Access shall be provided to the stairw ay from every
floor o f the building by means o f an outside balcony or vestibule
o f steel, iron or masonry. E very such balcony or vestibule shall
have an unobstructed width o f at least forty-fou r inches and shall
be provided w ith a fireproof floor and a railing o f incom bustible
m aterial not less than three feet high. Access to such balconies
from the building and to the stairw ay from the balconies, shall be
by means o f fire doors. The level o f the balcony floor shall be not
m ore than seven inches below the level o f the door sill o f the
building. The doors shall be not less than forty-fou r inches wide
and shall sw ing outw ard onto the balcony and inw ard from the
balcony to the stairway, and shall be provided w ith locks or
latches w ith visible fastenings requiring no key to open them iu
leaving the building. The landings in such stairw ay shall be o f
such width that the doors in opening into the stairw ay shall not
reduce the free passageway o f the landings to a w idth less than
the w idth o f the stairs. Every such stairw ay shall be provided
w ith a proper lighting system which shall furnish adequate light
and shall be so arranged as to insure its reliable operation when,
N E W YORK.
85
through accident or other cause, the regular factory lighting is
extinguished. The balconies giving access to such stairways shall
be open on at least one side upon an open space not less than one
hundred square feet in area.
S e c . 6 . S e c tio n e ig h ty -th r e e -a o f su c h c h a p te r , a s a d d e d b y c h a p
te r th r e e h u n d re d a n d t h ir t y o f th e la w s o f n in e te e n h u n d r e d a n d
t w e lv e * * * is h e re b y a m e n d e d to r e a d a s f o l l o w s :
Sec. 83-a. 1. Every factory building over tw o stories in height . F i r ® alarm
in which more than twenty-five persons are employed above the S ^nal systems,
1
ground floor, shall be equipped with a fire alarm signal system
with a sufficient number o f signals clearly audible to all occupants
thereof, except in buildings in w hich every square foot o f the floor
area on all stories is protected with an autom atic sprinkler system
having two adequate sources o f w ater supply and approved by
the public authorities having jurisdiction and in which also the
maximum number o f occupants on any one floor does not exceed
by more than fifty per centum the capacity o f the exits as deter
mined by subdivisions one, two and three o f section seventy-nine-e
in addition to the prescribed occupancy under subdivisions four,
five, six and seven o f section seventy-nine-e o f this ch apter:
Provided, how ever, That the commission may, after investigation
and when it is determined that the spirit o f this chapter is ob
served and public safety secured, permit in lieu o f a fire alarm sig
nal system and fire drills, an autom atic sprinkler system having one
adequate source o f wT
ater supply, approved by the public authori
ties having jurisdiction and in which also the maximum number
o f occupants on any one floor does not exceed by more than fifty
per centum the capacity o f the exits as determined by subdivisions
one, two and three o f section seventy-nine-e, in addition to the
prescribed occupancy under subdivisions four, five, six and seven
o f section seventy-nine-e o f this chapter. The board o f standards
and appeals in the city o f New York, and elsewhere the commis
sion, may make rules and regulations prescribing the number,
Character and location o f such signals, and the mode, manner,
method and character o f installation, including the character o f
all appliances in connection therewith. Such system shall be in
stalled by the ow ner or lessee o f the building and shall permit the
sounding o f all the alarms within the building whenever the alarm
is sounded in any portion thereof. Such system shall be main
tained in good w orking order. No person shall tamper with, or
render ineffective any portion o f said system except to repair the
same. It shall be the duty o f w hoever discovers a fire to cause an
alarm to be sounded immediately.
2.
In every factory building over tw o stories in height in which
Fire drills,
more than twenty-five persons are em ployed above the ground
floor, a fire drill which, w ill conduct all the occupants o f such
building to a place o f safety and in which all the occupants o f sucli
building shall participate simultaneously shall be conducted at
least once a month, except in buildings in w hich every square foot
o f the floor area on all stories is protected w ith an automatic
sprinkler system having tw o adequate sources o f w ater supply and
approved by the .public authorities having jurisdiction and in which
also the maximum number o f occupants on any one floor does not
exceed by more than fifty per centum the capacity o f the exits as
determined by subdivisions one, tw o and three o f section seventynine-e, in addition to the prescribed occupancy under subdivisions
four, five, six and seven o f section seventy-nine-e o f this ch a p ter:
Provided, h ow ever, That the commission may after investigation
and when it is determined that the spirit o f this chapter is ob
served and public safety secured, permit in buildings, in lieu o f a
fire alarm signal system and fire drills, an autom atic sprinkler
system having one adequate source o f w ater supply, approved by
the public authorities having jurisdiction and in which also the
maximum number o f occupants on any one floor does not exceed
by more than fifty per centum the capacity o f the exits as deter
mined by subdivisions one, tw o and three o f section seventy-nine-e,
LAW S OF VARIOUS STATES RELATING TO LABOR.
88
in addition to the prescribed occupancy under subdivisions fou r,
five, six and seven o f section seventy-nine-e o f this chapter.
In the city o f New York the fire commission o f such city and
elsewhere the commission, shall make rules, regulations and special
orders necessary or suitable to each situation and in the case o f
buildings containing more than one tenant, necessary or suitable
. to the adequate cooperation o f all the tenants o f such buildings in
a fire drill o f all the occupants thereof. Such rules, regulations
and orders may prescribe upon whom shall rest the duty o f carry
ing out the same. Such special orders may require posting o f the
same or an abstract thereof.
3.
In the city o f New York the fire commissioner o f said city, and
elsewhere the commission is charged with the duty o f enforcing
this section.
S e c . 7 . S u b d iv is io n th r e e o f se c tio n e ig h ty -th r e e -c , a s a d d e d b y
c h a p te r th r e e h u n d re d a n d tw e n ty -n in e o f th e la w s o f n in e te e n
h u n d re d a n d tw e lv e
*
*
*
is h e r e b y a m e n d e d to r e a d as
fo llo w s :
Smoking.
3. No person shall smoke in any factory but the commission in
its rules may permit smoking in protected portions o f a factory or
in special occupancies where in its opinion the safety o f the em
ployees w ould not be endangered thereby. A notice o f such pro
hibition, stating the penalty for violation thereof, shall be posted
in every entrance hall and in every elevator car, and in every
stair hall and room on every floor o f such factory in English and
also in such other language or languages as the fire commissioner
o f the city o f New Y ork in such city, and elsewhere the commission,
shall direct. The fire commissioner o f the city o f New Y ork in such
city, and elsewhere, the commission may issue permits perm itting
smoking in protected portions o f a factory or in special classes o f
occupancy, in accordance with rules adopted by the commission.
The fire commissioner o f the city o f New Y ork in such city, and
elsewhere, the commission shall enforce the provisions o f this
subdivision.
S e c . 8. S e c tio n e ig h t y -f o u r o f su c h c h a p te r
a m e n d e d to r e a d a s f o l l o w s :
*
*
*
i s h e re b y
Cleanliness of
g ec. 84. Every room in a factory and the floors, walls, ceilings,
rooms.
windows and every other part thereof and all fixtures therein
shall at all times be kept in a clean and sanitary condition and in
proper repair. The w alls and ceilings o f each room in a factory
shall be lime washed or painted, except when properly tiled or
covered w ith slate or marble with a finished surface. Such lim e
wash or paint shall be renewed whenever necessary as may be re
quired by the commission. F loors shall, at all times, be be [sic]
maintained in a safe condition. No person shall spit or expectorate
upon the wT
alls, floors or stairs o f any building used in whole or
in part for factory purposes. Sanitary cuspidors shall be provided,
in every workroom in a factory in sufficient numbers. Such cuspi
dors shall be thoroughly cleaned daily. Suitable receptacles shall
be provided and used fo r the storage o f waste and r e fu s e ; such
receptacles shall be maintained in a sanitary condition.
S e c . 9 . S e c tio n e ig lity -fo u r -a o f su c h c h a p te r , a s a d d e d b y c h a li
te r on e h u n d r e d a n d n in e ty -e ig h t o f th e la w s o f n in e te e n h u n d r e d
a n d th ir te e n , is h e r e b y a m e n d e d to r e a d a s f o l l o w s :
Cleanliness of
buildings.
Sec. 84-a. E very part o f a factory building and o f the premises
thereof and the yards, courts, passages, areas or alleys connected
with or belonging to the same, shall be kept clean, and shall be
kept free from any accum ulation o f dirt, filth, rubbish or garbage
in or on the same. The roof, passages, stairs, halls, ceilings, walls,
basements, cellars, privies, water-closets, cesspools, drains and all
other parts o f such building and the premises th ereof shall at all
times be kept in a clean, sanitary and safe condition and in proper
repair. The entire building and premises shall be w ell drained
and the plumbing thereof at all times kept in proper repair and in
a clean and sanitary condition.
B eca m e a la w M a y 11,19 1 8 .
N E W YORK.
87
C h a p t e r 628.— Em ploym ent o f children— Vacation permits.
S ection 1. Chapter * * * thirty-one o f the Consolidated Laws
is hereby amended by inserting therein a new section, to be sec
tion one hundred and sixty-five-a, to read as follow s:
Sec. 165-a. During the months o f July and August, children be- Summer pertween the ages o f fourteen and sixteen years, notwithstanding the “ its.
provisions o f sections one hundred and sixty-two and one hundred
and sixty-three of this chapter, may be employed in or in connec
tion with any m ercantile establishment or business office in cities
or villages upon obtaining the summer vacation permit herein
provided for. Such perm it shall bear conspicuously across the
fa ce the follow in g w ords in red in k : “ Summer vacation permit
good only from July first until August thirty-first inclusive.” The
summer vacation perm it shall differ in size and color from the
employment certificate and shall not be grantedl unless all the
provisions o f section one hundred and sixty-three, except that re
lating to the filing o f a school record, shall have been complied
with. No summer vacation permit shall be granted until the officer Conditions of
issuing employment certificates shall receive, examine and file, i n issue*
lieu o f a school record, a certificate o f attendance, which shall con
tain a statement certifying that the child has regularly attended
the public schools or schools equivalent thereto or parochial schools
for not less than one hundred and thirty days during the twelve
months next preceding his fourteenth birthday, or during the
twelve months next preceding his application for such summer
vacation permit. The certificate o f attendance herein required
shall be issued in the same manner as prescribed in section one
hundred and sixty-five regulating the issuance o f school records.
The officer issuing employment certificates shall not issue a
summer vacation permit until he has also received, examined, and
filed a statement signed by the prospective employer, or some one
duly authorized on his behalf, showing that he expects to give
such child present employment and setting forth the character o f
the w ork to be required. The summer vacation permit herein de
scribed shall be granted to the prospective employer and shall
contain, in addition to the contents prescribed fo r the employment
certificate, the name o f the employer and the address at which the
child is to be employed, and shall be forw arded by mail by the
issuing officer to such employer, and shall be valid fo r the employ
ment o f the child named therein by the employer to whom it is
granted, and only during the months o f July and August.
It shall be the duty o f every person to whom a summer vacation Return,
permit has been granted to return such permit by mail to the
issuing officer as fo llo w s :
1. W ithin three days after its receipt, in case the child for whose
employment it was granted is not em p loyed;
2. W ithin three days after the termination o f the employment
o f the child, if occurring within the permitted period o f summer
em ploym ent;
3. W ithin three days after August thirty-first, in case such child
is employed until the termination o f the permit.
Any person, firm or corporation who fails to return the summer
vacation permit when required to do so by this section, or who
employs a child under sixteen years o f age upon a summer vaca
tion permit, except during the months o f July and August, shall
be guilty o f a misdemeanor.
The issuing officer to whom a summer vacation permit has been
piies.
returned shall file said permit and preserve it fo r at least one year.
Any child whose summer vacation permit has been returned as
above provided and who, after re-examination, is found to be
physically fit to perform the w ork for which the new permit is to
be granted, shall be entitled to a new permit upon presentation o f
a statement from a prospective employer as hereinbefore provided.
B e ca m e a la w M ay 1 1,1918.
88
LAW S OF VARIOUS STATES RELATING TO LABOR.
C h a p t e r 649.— Railroads— Appliances on locom otives.
S ectio n 1. Section seventy-seven o f chapter * * * forty-nine
o f the Consolidated Law s * * * is hereby amended to read as
follow s :
Brakes.
Sec. 77. It shall be unlaw ful fo r any railroad company to use
within the State on its line or lines any locom otive engine not
equipped w ith a power driving wheel brake and appliances for
operating the train brake system, or to use any locom otive engine
operated by steam not equipped w ith a mechanically operated
door to the fire box o f such locom otive engine, or to use any
Fire doors, locom otive engine not equipped with a vestibuled cab.
Such
m echanically operated door shall be so constructed and operated by
steam, compressed air, electricity or other means, and such
vestibuled cab shall be so constructed as deemed best and most
efficient by the officers o f such railroad. The device fo r operating
such door shall be so constructed that it may be operated by the
fireman on said engine by means o f a push button or other
appliance located in or near the floor o f the deck or floor o f the
tender at a suitable distance from such door to enable the fireman
w hile firing such engine, by pressure w ith his fo o t to open such
door fo r the firing o f such engine, and such vestibuled cabs shall be
so constructed as to attach to the sides of, and inclose all openings
e m e n t s ^ e^ween the engine cab and the w ater tank or coal tender attached
permitted!0
to such engine: Provided, how ever, That nothing in this section
shall be construed to inhibit the passage o f a locom otive engine not
so equipped w ith such m echanically operated door or vestibuled
cab, m oving under its own steam either w ith or w ithout a train,
when such movement is from a point w ithout this State through
and to a point beyond its borders, or from a point w ithout this
State to a point w ithin it, or from a point w ithin this State to a
point w ithout it if such passage is for the purpose o f moving it
to or from a repair shop or shops fo r the purpose o f repairing
such locom otive engine, and when it is not intended fo r service
w ithin this State.
New engines.
S ec . 2. A ll new locom otive engines placed in service, after this
act shall take effect, shall be equipped with such mechanically
operated doors and vestibuled cabs. As to all locom otive engines
not actually in service, nor assigned to or held fo r such serv
ice, within this State, at the time o f the passage o f this act, it
shall take effect on and after the first day o f January, nineteen
hundred and nineteen. As to any locom otive engine or engines
in actual service, or assigned to and held fo r such service, within
this State, when this act shall take effect, the same may be conRepairs.
tinued in service until it is necessary to w ithdraw it or them for
general heavy re p a irs; and every locom otive engine so w ithdraw n
from service fo r general heavy repairs shall be properly equipped
with such mechanically operated fire-box doors and such vestibuled
cabs before it shall be returned to service, unless the D irector
General o f R ailroad Lines, or any other official or officials who may
hereafter be designated or authorized by the Federal authorities
as the person or persons to control the operation o f railroad lines,
otherwise direct.
Became a law May 13, 1918.
NORTH DAKOTA.
AC TS OF 1918— E X T R A SESSION.
C h apter
12.— Sabotage.
S e c t io n 1. Any person who, during the period the United States
Offenses,
is engaged in the present w ar shall either w illfu lly or m aliciously
cause to be set on fire, either directly or through or by the assistance
and act o f another person, or through or by means o f any chemical
or m echanical apparatus or any sun glass, or the control o f any
electrical current, any building, car or boat, in w hich any food
product fo r the use o f man or beast is kept, stored or being trans
ported, or in which any w ork or food producing anim als shall be
h ou sed ; or w ho shall w illfu lly and m aliciously in any o f the w ays
hereinbefore mentioned cause any grain or food products fo r the
use o f man or beast to be set fire to in shock, stack or other fo r m ;
or who shall w illfu lly and m aliciously poison or otherwise kill
any w ork or food producing animal, the property o f another with
intent to injure the owner or hinder him in any agricultural op
erations, or to lessen the country’s food supply, shall be guilty o f Penalty.
sabotage in the first degree, and upon conviction thereof shall be
im prisoned in the penitentiary from one year to life.
S e c . 2. Any person who shall during the period the United
Second d e States is engaged in the present w ar attempt to commit any act, gree "offenses.”
w hich attempt if successful w ould constitute sabotage in the first
d eg ree; or who w ith the purpose o f hindering or delaying the har
vesting or threshing o f any crop, shall inflict injury upon any farm
m achinery either directly or by placing foreign substance in any
grain to be harvested or threshed th ereby; or w ho w ith intent
to hinder or hamper the Government o f the United States in the
prosecution o f or preparation fo r such war, shall in any other man
ner destroy any other property shall be guilty o f sabotage in the
second degree, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by
imprisonment in the penitentiary fo r not less than one year and
not more than twenty years.
S e c . 3. A n y c r im e a s d e fin e d h e r e in c o m m itte d w ith in th e p e S u bsequ en t
rio d p r e sc r ib e d b y th is a c t s h a ll b e p u n is h e d u n d e r th e t e r m s convictions,
h e r e o f th o u g h c o n v ic tio n o r fin a l ju d g m e n t th e re o n o r b o th m a y
t a k e p la c e or b e im p o se d a f t e r th e te r m in a tio n o f su c h p e rio d .
Approved January 30, 1918.
89
PORTO RICO.
ACTS OF 1918— E X T R A SESSION.
No. 3.— W eek ly day o f rest.
[This act amends section 3 o f act No. 26, Acts o f 1917 (Vol. I I ) .
The earlier act provides for the closing o f establishments and w ork
places generally on Sundays and certain holidays, with the excep
tion o f designated classes o f establishments. Section 3 undertook
to provide a weekly day o f rest in these excepted establishments,
but by the inadvertent use o f the w ord “ not,” failed to make such
provision. The present amendment consists simply in striking
out the w ord “ not.” ]
Correction.
No. 6.— W eight that w orkm en m ay carry.
[This act postpones the date when act No. 14, Acts o f 1917 (Vol.
I ) , shall come into effect, fixing January 1, 1920, as such date.]
91
Act in effect.
RHODE ISLAND.
ACTS OF 1918.
C h a p t e r 1616.— F a ctory, c tc., regulations— Supply o f drinking
w ater.
[This act amends sections 16 and 17, chapter 78, o f the general
laws, so as to read as fo llo w s : 1
Sec. 16. Every corporation, association, firm or person own- Employers to
ing, controlling, or superintending any m anufacturing or business furnish,
establishment in this State shall provide fresh drinking water, o f
good quality, to which their employees shall have access during
w orking hours. No such corporation, association, firm or person
shall allow the use o f a common drinking cup or a common towel
in such establishment.
Sec. 17. Any corporation, association, firm, or person violating Violations,
or perm itting the violation o f any o f the provisions o f the preceding
section, shall be deemed guilty- o f a misdemeanor and on conviction
shall be fined not less than $25 nor more than $50 for each offense.
Approved A pril 5, 1918.
C h a p t e r 1632.— F actory, etc., regulations— Sanitation.
[This act amends section 8, chapter 78, o f the General Lawrs, as
amended by chapter 1522, Acts o f 1917, by adding thereto the fo l
lo w in g :]
It shall be unlaw ful for any proprietor o f a factory or any of- Suction shutficer or agent or other person to require or permit the use of su e-tles*
tion shuttles, or any form o f shuttle in the use o f which any part
o f the shuttle or any thread is required to be put in the mouth or
touched by the lips o f the operator.
S e c . 2. This act shall take effect on the first Monday o f May in
the year nineteen hundred and twenty-one.
Approved April 19, 1918.
C h a p t e r 1661.— Compulsory labor, etc., service— W ar em ergency.
S ectio n 1. It is hereby declared to be the duty o f every ableScope of law.
bodied male resident o f this State, between the ages o f eighteen
and fifty years, to be habitually and regularly engaged in some
law ful, useful and recognized business, profession, occupation,
trade or employment. W henever the governor o f this State shall Proclamation,
issue a proclam ation determining such employment to be necessary
and essential for the protection and w elfare o f this State and the
United States, because o f the existence o f a state o f w ar in which
the United States may be engaged, and thenceforw ard until the
termination o f such war, and any able-bodied male resident o f
this State, between the ages aforesaid, who shall fa il or refuse to
be so employed fo r at least thirty-six hours per week shall be
? J u r s re'
guilty o f a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall pay a
fine o f not m ore than $100 or be imprisoned fo r a term not to ex
ceed three months, or both.
S eg . 2. In no case shall the possession by the accused o f money,
Property not
property, or incom e sufficient to support him self and those reg u -a defense*
larly dependent upon him be a defense to any prosecution under
this act.
S ec . 3. In no case shall the claim by the accused o f his inability
inability t o
to obtain w ork or employment be a defense to a prosecution heream wor *
93
94
LAW S OP VARIOUS STATES RELATING TO LABOR.
under, unless it sliall be proved that the accused prom ptly notified
the commissioner o f industrial statistics o f the State o f Rhode
Island o f his inability to obtain employment, and requested that
work or employment be found for him, and that such employment
was not furnished him, and shall hold a certificate from the com
missioner o f industrial statistics that such application has been
made.
Placement.
S e c . 4. It shall be the duty o f the commissioner o f industrial
statistics whenever any person shall inform him o f his inability
to obtain employment as aforesaid to register forthw ith the name
o f such person in the office o f the commissioner o f industrial sta
tistics, together w ith his address, age and any other inform ation
which he may deem necessary. The commissioner o f industrial
statistics shall thereupon assign, or cause to be assigned, and, if
necessary, reassign or cause to be reassigned, such persons to
occupations as aforesaid, carried on by the State or any county
or municipality thereof, or by private employers, engaged in agri
cultural, industrial or other occupations o f the character above
mentioned, and who accept the services o f such persons: Pro*
vided, hoirever, That no person shall be required to w ork under
this act any greater number o f hours per day than law fu lly con
stitutes a day’s, w ork in the occupation in which such person is
required to engage. In the event o f the com m issioner o f industrial
statistics being unable to procure employment fo r such persons
applying as aforesaid, it shall then be the duty o f the said commis
sioner o f industrial statistics to so certify to such person in
writing.
S e c . 5. All persons required to work under this act shall receive
Wages.
compensation o f not less than the wrage or salary paid to others
engaged in the same nature o f w ork to which each such person is
assigned. I f any such person is assigned to w ork fo r any depart
ment, board or commission o f the State, then the compensation of
such person shall be paid to him by such department, board or
commission out o f the appropriation made to it by the State. I f
any such person is assigned to w ork fo r any county or for any mu
nicipality, or for any private employer, then the com pensation o f
such person shall be paid to him by such county or municipality, or
by private employer, accepting his services.
'
S e c . 6 . A n y p e r s o n f a il in g or r e f u s in g to do, o r to c o n tin u e to d o ,
Violations.
th e w o r k a s s ig n e d to h im , o r w h o , in th e m e a n w h ile , h a s n o t b e
c o m e r e g u la r ly o r c o n tin u o u s ly e m p lo y e d in s o m e la w f u l , u s e f u l
a n d re c o g n iz e d b u s in e s s , o c c u p a tio n , tr a d e , p r o fe s s io n o r e m p lo y
m e n t a s a fo r e s a id , s h a ll b e g u ilty o f a m is d e m e a n o r , a n d u p o n c o n
v ic tio n th e r e o f s h a ll p a y a fine o f n o t m o r e th a n $ 1 0 0 or im p r is o n
m e n t f o r a te rm n o t e x c e e d in g th r e e m o n th s , o r b o th .
S ec . 7. As soon as the proclam ation has been issued, as herein
provided, it shall be the duty o f the commissioner o f industrial
statistics to prepare and publish such rules and regulations gov
erning the assignment o f persons to work under this act as w ill
assure that all persons sim ilarly circumstanced shall, as fa r as it
is possible to do so? be treated alike. In assigning anyone to work,
the commissioner o f industrial statistics shall take into consider
ation the age, physical condition and any other appropriate circum
stances o f the person so assigned, and the rules and regulations to
be promulgated by said commissioner o f industrial statistics under
the provisions o f this act shall make allowances for such facts and
circumstances.
S ec . 8. A fter the issuance o f the proclam ation hereinbefore pro
Enforcement.
vided for, it shall be the duty o f the sheriffs and deputy sheriffs
o f the respective counties and o f any other officer, State, county
or municipal, charged with enforcing the law, to seek and continue
to seek diligently the names and places o f residence o f able-bodied
male persons within their respective jurisdictions, between the
ages aforeiaid, not regularly or continuously employed as a fore
said.
S ec . 9. The commissioner o f industrial statistics is authorized
Agents, etc.
to appoint or employ such employees as may be necessary, and to
Rules, etc.
95
EHODE ISLAND.
use such agencies as may be available and appropriate, to aid him
in carrying out the provisions o f this act.
Exempt per
S e c . 10. The provisions o f this act shall not apply to i>ersons
sons.
tem porarily unemployed by reason o f differences with their em
ployers, nor to bona fide students during the school term, nor to
persons fitting themselves to engage in trade or industrial pursuits.
Residents.
S e c . 11. For the purposes o f this act, any male person as afore
said found in this State shall be deemed a resident, and in any
prosecution hereunder p roof that the accused habitually loiters in
idleness in streets, roads, depots, pool rooms, saloons, hotels, stores
Evidence*.
or other places shall be prima facie evidence o f the failure or re
fusal o f such person to comply w ith the provisions o f this act.
Approved April 19, 1918.
C h a p t e r 1676.— F a ctory, ctc.t regulations— Inspectors.
[This act amends section 3, chapter 78, General Laws, by increas
ing the salaries o f assistant inspectors from $1,500 to $1,800 per
annum.]
Approved April 22,1918.
Salaries.
SOUTH CAROLINA.
ACTS OF 1918.
A ct N o. 394.— In terurban railways— P rotection o f employees.
S ection 1. A ll interurban railroads or interurban railw ays operHeat to be
ating within this State, shall furnish their cars, and the vestibule furnished,
portions o f their cars, fo r the carriage o f passengers, with heating
apparatuses or appliances necessary to the com fort o f all passen
gers and operators using the sa m e: Provided, This, act shall not
apply to any railw ay whose direct line is more than fifty miles
long.
S ec . 2. Any interurban railroad or interurban railw ay failing
Violations,
or refusing to comply w ith the provisions o f this act within the
time limit, shall be subject to a fine o f not exceeding $100 fo r each
day o f such failure or refusal, to be recovered in any court o f
competent jurisdiction.
Approved February 11, 1918.
A ct . N o . 469.— Contract o f em ploym ent— Fraudulent breach.
S ection 1. Sections * * * 492 [to] 499 o f the Criminal Code o f
South Carolina are hereby stricken out and the follow in g inserted
in lieu thereof * * * :
Sec. 492. Any person w ho shall contract w ith another to render
Failing t o
him personal service o f any kind, and shall thereafter fraudu- render service;
lently, or w ith m alicious intent to injure his employer, fail or
refuse to render such service as agreed upon, shall be deemed
guilty o f a misdemeanor.
Sec. 493. Any person who shall hereafter contract to receive To r e c e i v e
from another personal service o f any kind, and to compensate him service,
therefor, and shall thereafter fraudulently, or w ith malicious in
tent to injure his employee, fa il or refuse to receive such service
or to make compensation as agreed upon, shall be deemed guilty
o f a misdemeanor.
Sec. 494. Any person who shall hereafter contract w ith another
Procuring
to render personal service o f any kind to him, and shall thereafter advances,
fraudulently, or w ith malicious intent to injure the employer,
procure advances in money or other thing o f value from him, w ith
intent not to render the service agreed upon, and who shall there
after, with like intent, fail or refuse to perform the service agreed
upon, shall be deemed guilty o f a misdemeanor.
Sec. 495. Any person who shall hereafter contract w ith another Failure
to
to receive from him personal service o f any kind, to compensate payhim therefor, and to make advances to him, and shall thereafter
fraudulently, or w ith malicious intent to injure the employee, re
ceive the benefit o f such service, in w hole or in part, and with like
intent fail or refuse to make the compensation or advances agreed
upon, shall be deemed guilty o f a misdemeanor.
Sec. 496. The contracts referred to in sections fou r hundred and p orra 0f con_
ninety-two to four hundred and ninety-seven, inclusive, may be tracts,
either verbal or in w ritin g; if in writing, they shall be witnessed
by one or more disinterested persons, and at the request o f either
party be duly executed before a magistrate, whose duty it shall be
to read and explain the same to the parties. Such contract shall
clearly set forth the conditions upon which the laborer or laborers
engaged to work, em bracing the length o f time, the amount o f
106407°— 19----- 7
97
98
LAW S OF VARIOUS STATES RELATING TO LABOR.
money to be paid, and when ; if it be on shares o f crops, w hat por
tion or portions thereof. I f verbal, they must be witnessed by at
least tw o disinterested witnesses, not related by blood or marriage
within the sixth degree, to either party, and the term o f service con
tracted for must be for a definite time, not exceeding one year. All
such contracts shall be valid only between the original parties
thereto, and any attempted transfer or assignment o f any rights
thereunder shall be null and void.
Proceedings
Sec. 497. I f either party to any written contract herein referred
parttes
to desires to avail him self o f the benefits o f sections four hundred
and ninety-two to fou r hundred and ninety-seven, inclusive, against
third parties, he shall cause the same to be indexed in the office o f
the register o f mesne conveyance or the clerk o f the court (w here
the office o f register o f mesne conveyance does not exist) o f the
county in w hich said labor or service is to be perform ed, w ithin ten
days from the date o f the con tra ct; and such indexing shall con
stitute notice to all third parties. Said index shall show the
names o f the employer and the laborer, the date o f the contract
and the date o f its termination, and the location and the name o f
the place or places whereon the said labor or service is to be per
form ed. The clerk o f the court or the register o f mesne convey
ance, as the case may be, shall indorse his official certificate and
the date o f filing to be indexed upon every such contract filed under
the provisions o f sections 492 to 498, inclusive, and his only fee for
the same shall be five cents for each contract. And the clerks o f
court, or the register o f mesne conveyances, as the case may be,
in all the counties o f the State shall provide a book fo r indexing
•such contracts, which shall be plainly labeled “ Index Labor Con
tracts.”
Penalties.
Sec. 498. Upon conviction in a court o f competent jurisdiction
o f any person charged w ith a violation o f sections fou r hundred
and ninety-two to fou r hundred and ninety-seven, inclusive, the
person so convicted shall be punished by a fine o f not less than
$25 and not exceeding $100, or by imprisonment not less than
twenty days and not exceeding thirty days fo r each offen se: P ro
vided, That there shall be no prosecution under sections fou r hun
dred and ninety-two to fou r hundred and ninety-seven, inclusive,
unless the arrest w arrant shall be issued w ithin thirty days from
the commission o f the offense. Sections fou r hundred and ninetytw o to fou r hundred and ninety-seven, inclusive, are not intended,
and shall not be construed, to protect any o f the parties to, or
punish the violation of, any contract or matter connected there
with, w here the inducement or consideration o f such contract is
money or other thing o f value advanced to or fo r the employee
prior to the commencement o f service thereunder.
A ll such
contracts are hereby prohibited and declared null and void.
Approved the 12th day o f February, A. D. 1918.
A ct N o. 475.— S treet railw ays— P rotection o f em ployees.
Heat to
furnished.
be
S ectio n 1. A ll electric street railw ay companies doing business
in this state shall, after November first, nineteen hundred and
eighteen, provide and furnish all their street cars or electric cars
w ith sufiicent heat fo r all passengers and employees.
Violations.
S e c . 2 . A n y s t r e e t c a r c o m p a n y v i o la t in g th e p r o v is io n s o f s e c
tio n o n e o f th is a c t s h a ll b e lia*ble to a fine o f n o t le s s t h a n o n e
h u n d re d ($100) d o lla r s n o r m o r e th a n five h u n d re d ($500) d o l
la r s .
A p p rov ed th e 9 th day o f M a rch , A . D. 1918.
SOUTH DAKOTA.
ACTS OF 1918— SPECIAL, SESSION.
C h a p t e r 32.— v 'tate conduct o f business — Am endm ent to constitu
S
tion.
A t the next general election there [shall] be submitted to a vote Ame ndme nt
o f the people a proposed amendment, w hich is hereby agreed to, submitted,
to the constitution o f this State, by adding to article thirteen
thereof, sections ten and eleven, relating to the manufacture, dis
tribution and sale o f cement and cement products, as fo llo w s :
S ec . 10. The manufacture, distribution and sale o f cement and
Work of pubcement products are hereby declared to be w orks o f public neces- lie necessity,
sity and im portance in w hich the State may engage, and suitable
laws may be enacted by the legislature to empower the State to
acquire, by purchase or appropriation, all lands, easements, rights
o f way, tracks, structures, equipment, cars, m otive power, imple
ments, facilities, instrumentalities and m aterial incident or neces
sary to carry the provisions o f this sectior into effect: Provided,
how ever, That no expenditure o f money fo r the purposes enumer
ated in this section shall be made, except upon a vote o f tw o-thirds
o f the members elect o f each branch o f the legislature.
S ec . 11. The State may pledge such cement plants and all o f the
■ 0w e r 0 f
p
accessories thereto, and may pledge the credit o f the State, to pro- fetate*
vide funds for the purposes enumerated in section ten o f this
article, any provision in this constitution to the contrary notw ith
standing.
[Chapters 33 and 34 are sim ilar to the above, but relate to the
production o f and distribution o f electric light and power, and to
the mining and sale o f coal, respectively.
Chapter 35 proposes an amendment authorizing the State to
engage in w orks o f internal improvement.]
C hapter
38. — In terferen ce
w ith em ploym ent— Criminal
calism.
syndir
S ectio n 1. Crim inal syndicalism is hereby defined as any docD efin itio n s,
trine or practice w hich teaches, practices or advocates crime,
sabotage (sabotage as used in this act means w illfu l and malicious
damage or in ju ry to the property o f an oth er), violence or other
methods o f terrorism , or the destruction o f life or property, fo r the
accomplishment o f social, econom ic, industrial o r political ends.
The advocacy, teaching, support, practice or furtherance o f any
such d6ctrine, whether by act, speech or writing, or by any means
or in any manner whatsoever, is hereby declared to be a felon y
and punishable as such, as in this act provided.
Any person o r persons w ho shall, by act, or speech, or in w riting,
A d vocacy of
or by symbol, precept, suggestion, example or illustration, a d v o -violence*
cate, suggest or teach the duty, necessity, or propriety o f crime,
sabotage, violence or other methods o f terrorism , or the destruc
tion o f life or property for the accomplishment o f social, econom ic,
industrial or political ends, or shall print, publish, utter, sell or
circulate, distribute or have in his or her possession or display any
book, paper, document, w riting o r article in any form which shall
contain, or advocate, advise, teach* or suggest, any doctrine that
social, economic, industrial or political ends should be brought
about by crime, sabotage, violence, or other means o f terrorism ,
w ith intent to suggest, exem plify, illustrate, spread or advocate
any o f the doctrines o f crim inal syndicalism, or shall organize or
assist in the organization, or become a member of, or assemble with,
any persons, societies, associations, groups or assemblages o f per
sons form ed for or engaging in the teaching or advocacy o f any o f
the doctrines o f crim inal syndicalism, or who shall, directly or indi-
100
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A T IN G TO LABOR.
rectly, through or by the use o f any liquid, compound, chemical,
or artificial or m echanical apparatus or current or other device
whatsoever, in any manner destroy, or attempt to destroy, con
tribute to or cause the destruction o f life or property o f any de
scription, or who shall have in his possession any liquid, compound,
chemical or artificial or chem ical device whatsoever, w ith intent to
destroy life or property, in the pursuance or furtherance o f any
o f the doctrines o f crim inal syndicalism as defined in this act,
shall upon conviction be deemed guilty o f a felony and shall be
punished by imprisonment in the State penitentiary fo r not less
than one nor m ore than twenty-five years, or by a fine o f not less
than $1,000 nor more than $10,000, or by both such fine and
imprisonment, in the discretion o f the court.
Assemblies.
Sec. 2. Wherever two or more persons assemble for the purpose
of advocating, or teaching, or suggesting or illustrating, in any
manner whatsoever, any doctrine of criminal syndicalism, or of any
of the acts defined or referred to in section one of this act, such
assemblage shall be unlawful, and every person participating
therein by his presence, or who shall aid or in any manner instigate
the holding of such an assemblage, shall upon conviction be guilty
of a felony and shall be punished by imprisonment in the State
prison for not less than one nor more than twenty-five years, or by
a fine of not less than $1,000 nor more than $10,000, or by both such
fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court.
Permitting
gEc. 3. Any owner, agent, custodian, occupant, or superintendent
a sse m b lies.
0f any place, room, structure, or building who shall perm it therein
any assemblage o f persons fo r any o f the purposes prohibited by
the provisions o f this act, or who, after notification that the said
place, room, structure or buildings are so used, shall permit such
use to continue, shall be deemed guilty o f a felony and shall be
punished by imprisonment in the State penitentiary fo r not less
than one nor more than twenty-five years, or by a fine o f not less
than $1,000 nor more than $10,000, or by both such fine and im pris
onment in the discretion o f the court.
Approved M arch 23, 1918.
C h a p ter
62.— Compulsory labor, etc., scrvice— Pow ers o f State
council o f defense.
B a sis of la w .
S e c t i o n 1. W hereas, it may become necessary to impress into the
service o f the State, or o f any person, group o f persons, firm, asso
ciation or corporation, persons who are idle and unemployed, in
order that production o f food and supplies o f all kinds may be
o w e r s increased fo r the purpose o f winning the wT r ; therefore, the State
a
granted.
council o f defense is hereby given and granted fu ll power and
authority to impress into the service o f the State, or o f any politi
cal subdivision o f the State, or o f any person, firm, association or
corporation, any persons who, in its opinion, are idle and unem
ployed and whose services may be required and are necessary
to carry on or increase the production o f food and supplies o f all
kinds for the purpose o f winning the w a r ; and to that end the
said State council o f defense may provide fo r such system o f regis
tration and classification, and make any such rules and regulations
and orders as may be necessary to carry out the provisions o f this
a c t: Provided , however, That all such persons so impressed into
service shall receive the ordinary and usual compensation paid to
other persons in the particular locality and for the class o f service
to w hich they are assigned.
Violations.
g EC 2. Any person who shall violate any o f the provisions o f
this act or any order, rule, regulation or requirement o f the State
council o f defense promulgated or issued in accordance w ith the
provisions o f this act, shall be deemed guilty o f a misdemeanor and
upon conviction shall be punished by a fine o f not less than $5 nor
m ore than $1,000, or by imprisonment in a county ja il not to exceed
ninety days, or by both such fine and imprisonment, in the dis
cretion o f the court.
A p p rov ed M a rch 23, 1918;
TEXAS.
A C TS OP 1918— E X T R A SESSION .
C h a p t e r 58.— Factory, etc., regulations.
Section 1. In every factory, mill, workshop, mercantile estab T em p eratu re.
lishment, laundry, or other establishment, adequate measures shall
be taken for securing and m aintaining a reasonable, and as far as
possible, an equable tem perature consistent with a reasonable re
quirement o f the m anufacturing process. No unnecessary humidity
which would jeopardize the health o f employees shall be permitted.
In every room, apartment, or building used as a factory, mill, w ork
shop, m ercantile establishment, laundry or other place o f employ
ment, sufficient air space shall be provided for every person em A ir space.
ployed therein, and which in the judgment o f the commissioner o f
labor statistics, or o f his deputies and inspectors is sufficient for
their health and welfare.
V e n tila tio n .
Sec. 2. A ll factories, mills, workshops, m ercantile establish
ments, laundries and other establishments shall be kept free from
gas or effluvia arising from any sewer, drain, privy or other nui
sance on the prem ises; all poisonous or noxious gases arising from
any process; all dust o f a character injurious to the health o f
persons employed, which is created in the process o f m anufactur
ing within the above-named establishment, shall be removed as far
as practicable by ventilators or exhaust fans or other adequate
devices.
C lea n lin ess.
Sec. 3. All decomposed, fetid or putrescent matter, and all
refuse, waste and sweepings o f any factory, mill, workshop, mer
cantile establishment, laundry or other establishment, shall be re
moved at least once each day and be disposed o f in such manner as
not to cause a nuisance. A ll cleaning, sweeping and dusting shall
be done as far as possible outside o f w orking hours, but if done
during working hours, shall be done in such manner as to avoid
so far as possible the raising o f dust and noxious odors. In all
establishments where any process is carried on which makes the
floors wet, the floors shall be constructed and maintained with due
regard for the health o f the employees, and gratings or dry stand
ing room shall be provided wherever practicable, at points wherever
employees are regularly stationed, and adequate means shall be
provided fo r drainage and fo r preventing leakage or seepage to
low er floors.
Sec. 4. All doors used by employees as entrances to, or exits ouD oors .to open
tw ard
from factories, mills, workshops, mercantile establishments, laun
dries or other establishments o f a height o f two stories or over,
shall open outward, and shall be so constructed as to be easily and
immediately opened from within in case o f fire or other emergen
S ta irw a y s,
cies. Proper and substantial hand rails shall be provided on all
stairways, and lights shall be kept burning at all main stairs, stair etc.
landings, and elevator shafts in the absence o f sufficient natural
lig h t: Provided, That the provisions o f this section shall not apply
to any m ercantile establishment having seven fem ale employees
or less.
Water-clos
Sec. 5. Every factory, mill, workshop, m ercantile establishment,
laundry or other establishment, shall be provided with a sufficient ets.
number o f water-closets, earth closets or privies, and such waterclosets, earth closets or privies shall be supplied in the proportion
o f one (1 ) to every twenty-five (25) male persons, and one (1)
to every twenty (20) fem ale persons, and whenever both male and
101
102
LA W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A T IN G TO LABOR.
female persons are employed, said water-closets, earth closets or
privies shall be provided separate and apart for the use o f each
sex, and such water-closets, earth closets or privies shall be con
structed in an approved manner and properly inclosed, and at all
times kept in a clean and sanitary condition, and effectively dis
infected and ventilated, and shall at all times during operation o f
such establishment be kept properly lighted. In case there be
more than one shift o f more than eight hours each o f employees
the average number o f persons in the establishment at any one
time should be used in determining the number o f toilets required.
M oral co n d i Sec. 6. It shall be unlaw ful fo r the owner, manager, superin
tio n s.
tendent, or other person in control or management o f any factory,
mill, workshop, m ercantile establishment, laundry or other estab
lishment where five or more persons are employed, all or part o f
whom are females, to perm it in such place o f employment any in
fluence, practices or conditions calculated to injuriously affect the
m orals o f such fem ale employees.
In sp ectio n .
Sec. 7. The commissioner o f labor statistics, or any o f his
deputies or inspectors, shall have the right to enter any factory,
mill, workshop, mercantile establishment, laundry, or other estab
lishment where five or m ore persons are employed, fo r the purpose
o f making inspections and enforcing the provisions o f this a c t;
and they are hereby empowered, upon finding any violations o f
this act by reason o f unsanitary conditions such as to endanger
the health o f the employees therein employed, or o f neglect to
remove and prevent fum es and gases or odors injurious to em
ployees, or by reason o f the failure or refusal to comply w ith any
requirement o f this act, or by reason o f the inadequacy or insuffi
ciency o f any plan, method, practice or device employed in
assumed com pliance w ith any o f the requirements o f this act, to
pass upon and to make a w ritten finding as to the failure or refusal
to comply w ith any requirem ent o f this act, or as to the adequacy
or sufficiency o f any practice, plan or method used in or about
any place mentioned in this act in supposed compliance w ith any o f
the requirements o f this act, and, thereupon they may issue a w rit
Orders.
ten order to the owner, manager, superintendent, or other person
in control or management o f such place or establishment, for the
correction o f any condition caused or permitted in or about such
place or establishment in violation o f any o f the requirements o f
this act, or o f any condition, practice, plan, or method used
therein or thereabouts in supposed com pliance w ith the require
ments o f this act, but which are found to be inadequate or insuffi
cient, in any respect to comply therewith, and shall state in such
order how such conditions, practices, plans or methods, in any case
shall be corrected and the time within w hich the same shall be
corrected, a reasonable time being given in such order therefor.
One copy o f such order shall be delivered to the owner, manager,
superintendent or other person in control or management o f such
place or establishment, and one copy thereof shall be filed in the
office o f the bureau o f labor statistics. Such findings and orders
shall be prim a fa cie valid, reasonable and just, and shall be
conclusive unless attacked and set aside in the manner provided
therefor in section eight o f this act. Upon the failure or refusal o f
the owner, manager, superintendent, or other person in control or
management o f such place or establishment, to comply with such
E n fo rcem en t. order within the time therein specified, unless the same shall have
been attacked and suspended or set aside as provided fo r in
section eight o f this act, the commissioner o f labor statistics, or his
deputy or inspectors shall have fu ll authority and power to close
such place or establishment, or any part o f it that may be in such
unsanitary or dangerous condition or immoral influences in viola
tion o f any requirement o f this act or o f such order, until such time
as such condition, practice or method shall have been corrected
in accordance with such order. And the further operation or use
o f such place, or part thereof, ordered closed, w ithout the correc
tion thereof ordered, shall subject the owner, manager, superin-
TEXAS.
103
tendent, or other person in control or management o f such place or
establishment to the penalties provided for in section nine o f thisact.
S e c . 8 . The owner or owners, manager, superintendent, or other
Appeals b y
person in control or management, o f any place or establishm entowners*
covered by this act, and directly affected by any finding or order
provided fo r in section seven o f ,this act, may, within fifteen days
from the date o f the delivery to him or them o f a copy o f any such
order as provided fo r in section seven o f this act, file a petition
setting forth the particular cause or causes o f objection to such
order and findings in a court o f competent ju risdiction against the
commissioner o f labor statistics. Said action shall have prece
dence over all other causes o f a different nature, except such
causes as are provided fo r in article six thousand six hundred and
fifty-seven, Revised Statutes, nineteen hundred and eleven, and
shall be tried and determined as other civil causes in said cou rt:
Provided, That if the court be in session at the time such cause
o f action arises, the suit may be filed during such term and stand
ready fo r trial after ten days’ notice. Either party may appeal,
but shall not have the right to sue out a w i t o f error from the
trial court, and said appeal shall at once be returnable to the
proper appellate court at either o f its terms, and said appeal shall
have precedence in such appellate court over other causes o f a
different nature, except the causes provided fo r in article six
thousand six hundred and fifty-seven, Revised Statutes, nineteen
hundred and eleven. In all trials under this section the burden
o f p roof shall be upon the plaintiff, to show that the findings and
order complained o f are illegal, unreasonable, or unjust to it
or them.
S e c . 9. Any person, firm, or corporation, or any owner, manager,
Violations,
superintendent or other person in control or management o f any
factory, mill, workshop, mercantile establishment, laundry or
other establishment, who shall violate any o f the provisions o f
this act, or who shall fa il or refuse to comply with any order o f
correction provided fo r in section seven o f this act, unless such
order shall have been attacked and set aside as provided fo r in
section eight o f this act, shall be deemed guilty o f a misdemeanor
and upon conviction in any court o f competent jurisdiction shall
be punished by a fine o f not less than twenty-five ($25) dollars
nor more than tw o hundred ($200) dollars, or by not to exceed
sixty (60) days in the county jail, or by both such fine and im
prisonment ; and each day the law is so violated shall constitute
a separate offense.
Approved April 2, 1918.
VIRGINIA.
AC TS OF 1918.
C h a p t e r 80.— M oth ers1 pensions.
[W idow s w ho are mothers o f children under 16 years o f age,
Su m m ary of
which they are unable to support and m aintain in their homes, p rov isio n s,
may receive support from the local authorities (county or c ity ), in
amounts not exceeding $12 per month for one child, $18 for two,
and $4 additional fo r each other child under 16 years o f age. The
Com monwealth’s attorney is charged with the duty o f seeing that
the money is properly used, and that the mother is a suitable
guardian o f the child. Residence in the State fo r three years
and in the county for tw o years is an essential condition to the
grant o f aid.]
C h a p t e r 179.— Contract o f em ploym ent— Fraudulent breach.
S e c t i o n 1. I f any p'erson, with intent to injure or defraud his
Obtaining ademployer, enters into a contract o f employment, oral or written, vancesor for the perform ance o f personal service to be rendered within
one year, in and about the cultivation o f the soil and thereby
obtains from the land owner, or the person so engaged in the culti
vation o f the soil, money or other thing o f value under such con
tract, and fraudulently refuses to perform such service, or to
R.e f u s i n g
refund the said money or other thing o f value so obtained, shall service*
be deemed guilty o f the larceny o f the said money or other thing o f
value so re ceiv ed : Provided, how ever, That prosecutions hereunder
shall be commenced within sixty days after breach o f such
contract.
Approved M arch 14, 1918.
C h a p t e r 204.— Em ploym ent o f children— General provisions.
[This act amends the child labor law o f 1908, amended 1914, so
as to read as fo llo w s :]
S e c t i o n 1. On and after July first, nineteen hundred and Age limit,
eighteen, no child under the age o f fourteen years shall be em
ployed, permitted or suffered to w ork in any factory, workshop,
cannery, m ercantile establishment, laundry, bakery, brick or
lumber yard, theater or place o f amusement, nor shall any child
under the age o f sixteen years be employed in any mine or quarry.
Sec. 2. No child under the age o f sixteen yeais shall be emwork time,
ployed, permitted or suffered to w ork in, about or in connection
with any establishment or occupation named in section one (1 ) fo r
more than six days in any one wT ; (2 ) nor m ore than ten hours
eek
in any one d a y ; (3 ) nor before the hour o f six o’clock in the
morning nor after the hour o f seven o ’clock in the evening.
Sec. 3. No child under sixteen years o f age shall be employed, Certificate re
permitted, or suffered to w ork in, about or in connection w ith any quired.
establishment or occupation named in section one unless the per
son, firm or corporation em ploying such child procures and keeps
on file and accessible to any inspector o f factories, or other author
ized inspector or officer charged w ith the enforcem ent o f this act,
the employment certificate as hereinafter provided, issued to said
c h ild ; and to keep tw o complete lists o f the names, together w ith
the ages o f all children under sixteen years o f age employed in or
fo r such establishment or in such occupation, one on file and
105
106
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
one conspicuously posted near the principal entrance o f the place
or establishment in which such children are employed. On term i
nation o f the employment o f a child whose employment certificate
is on file, such certificate shall be returned by the employer within
tw o days to the official who issued the same w ith a statement o f
the reasons fo r the termination o f said employment.
Who to is- Such employment certificate shall be issued only by a notary
sue*
public, in the city, town or village in which the child is to be em
ployed, upon the application in person o f the parent or guardian
or custodian o f the child desiring such employment. The person
authorized to issue an employment certificate shall not issue such
certificate until he has received, examined, approved and filed
Evidence.
evidence o f age showing that the child is fourteen years old or
upward, w hich shall consist o f one o f the follow in g proofs o f age,
and shall be required in the order herein designated as fo llo w s :
(a ) A birth certificate or attested transcript thereof issued by a
registrar o f vital statistics or other officer charged with the duty
o f recording births.
(&) A record o f baptism or a certificate or attested transcript
thereof showing the date o f birth and place o f baptism o f the child.
( c ) A bona fide contem porary record o f the date and place o f the
child’s birth kept in the Bible in w hich the record o f the births in
the fam ily o f the child are preserved, or other docum entary evi
dence satisfactory to the commissioner o f labor o f such person as
lie may designate, such as a passport showing the age o f the child,
a certificate o f arrival in the United States issued by the United
States im migration officers and showing th£ age o f the child, or a
life insurance p o lic y : Provided, That such other satisfactory doc
umentary evidence has been in existence at least one year prior to
the time it is offered in eviden ce: And provided fu rth er, That a
school record or a parent’s, guardian’s or custodian’ s affidavit, cer
tificate, or other w ritten statement o f age shall not be accepted
except as specified in paragraph ( d) .
( d) A certificate signed by a public-health physician or a publicschool physician, specifying wT
hat, in the opinion o f such physician
is the physical age o f the c h ild ; such certificate shall show the
height and weight o f the child and other facts concerning its physi
cal development revealed by such exam ination and upon w hich the
opinion o f the physician as to the physical age o f the child is based.
A parent’s, guardian’s, or custodian’s certificate as to the age o f
the child and a record o f age as given on the register o f the school
which the child first attended or in the school census, if obtainable,
shall be submitted w ith the physician’s certificate showing physi
cal age.
Rank.
The officer issuing the age certificate fo r a child shall require the
evidence o f age specified in subdivision ( a) in preference to that
specified in any subsequent subdivision and shall not accept the
evidence o f age permitted by any subsequent subdivision unless
he shall receive and file evidence that the evidence o f age required
by the preceding subdivision or subdivisions can not be obtained.
Me s s e n g e r
S e c . 4. In cities having a population o f five thousand or more,
serv ice.
according to the census o f nineteen hundred and ten, no boy under
the age o f fourteen years and no girl under the age o f eighteen
years shall be employed, permitted or suffered to w ork as mes
senger fo r a telegraph, telephone or messenger company, in the
distribution, transm ission or delivery o f goods or messages, and
no boy under eighteen years o f age, and no girl under twenty-one
years o f age shall be so employed, permitted or suffered to w ork
between the hours o f ten o ’clock in the evening and five o’clock in
the morning.
S e llin g new sS e c . 5. No boy under ten years o f age and no girl under sixteen
papers, etc.
years o f age shall, in a n y city in this State o f five thousand popu
lation or more, distribute, sell, expose, or offer fo r sale, news
papers, magazines, or other periodicals in any street or public place.
Any child violating the provisions o f this section shall be deemed
delinquent and* on complaint o f any person, may be arrested and
brought before a court o f competent jurisdiction which shall have
VIR G IN IA .
107
the authority to commit or otherwise deal with such child in ac
cordance w ith the provisions o f the law in regard to delinquent
children.
S e c . 6 . Any owner, superintendent, overseer, forem an or manaV io la tio n s,
ger who shall knowingly employ, or permit any child to be em
ployed contrary to the provisions o f this act, in any factory, w ork
shop, mercantile establishment, laundry, mine, bakery, brick or
lumber yard, with which he is connected, or any parent or guardian,
w ho allows any such employment o f his child or ward, in these oc
cupations or in selling newspapers as in section five, or any notary
public who shall issue a certificate, as provided in section three,
in violation o f the provisions o f said section, shall be guilty o f a
misdemeanor and, upon conviction o f such offense, shall be fined
not less than $25 nor more than $100 for each offense.
But nothing in this act shall prevent a parent from w orking his
Work for
or her child in any factory, workshop, m ercantile establishment or p aren ts,
laundry, or other place owned or operated by said parent.
Any employment contrary to the provisions o f this act shall be
Evidence,
prima facie evidence o f guilt, both as to the employer and the
parent or guardian o f the child so em ployed: Provided, That nothE x em p tio n s,
ing contained in this act shall apply to m ercantile establishments
in towns o f less than two thousand inhabitants or in country dis
tricts.
Approved March 14, 1918.
C h a p t e r 214.— Em ploym ent of women— H ours of labor.
S e c t io n 1. No female shall w ork as an operative in any factory,
T on-hour
workshop, laundry, mercantile or m anufacturing establishment in day.
this State more than ten hours in any one day o f tw enty-four
hours. All contracts heretofore or hereafter made for the em
ployment o f any fem ale as an operative in any factory, workshop,
laundry, mercantile or m anufacturing establishment to w ork for
more than ten hours in any one day o f tw enty-four hours shall be
deemed to be void.
Sec. 2. Any person having authority to contract for the employViolations,
ment o f persons as operatives in any factory, workshop, laundry,
mercantile or m anufacturing establishment, who shall engage or
contract with any fem ale to w ork as an operative in any factory,
workshop, laundry, mercantile or manufacturing establishment
during more than ten hours in any one day o f tw enty-four hours
shall be guilty o f a misdemeanor and be fined not less than $5 nor
more than $20. But nothing in this section shall be construed to
Exemptions,
apply to females whose full time is employed as bookkeepers, ste
nographers, cashiers, or office assistants, nor to persons employed
in factories engaged exclusively in packing fruits or vegetables, nor
shall this section apply to mercantile establishments in towns o f
less than tw o thousand inhabitants, or in country d is tricts: P ro
vided, how ever, That the commissioner o f labor shall be, and he is T obacco riz
hereby authorized to grant a permit to leaf-tobacco prizeries in eries. C ° PriZ~
C
towns and cities o f less than thirty thousand population to em
ploy women for more than ten hours in a day where it appears to
the commissioner that such a permit is necessary to provide for
an emergency and where such additional time is voluntary on the
part o f the employees. Such permit shall state the time and con
ditions o f such employment, and such plant may employ such labor
for the time and under the conditions set forth in such p erm it;
and this provision shall terminate February first, nineteen hun
dred and twenty. [See chapter 414, below .]
Approved March 14, 1918.
C h a p t e r 260. — Factory, etc., regulations— Grinding and polishing
wheels.
S e c t io n 1. All persons, firms, companies, associations and corporations operating, or in charge of, a factory, machine shop, or
other place or building where grinding, polishing or buffing wheels
V e n tila tio n ,
108
LA W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
are used in the course o f the m anufacture or the w orking on o f
articles o f the baser metals, shall provide such wheels with a hood
connected by means o f a pipe to an exhaust fan or other suction
device in such manner as to carry away the dust and refuse thrown
off by such wheels to some receptacle so placed as to receive and
confine such dust or refuse, or in such manner as to discharge the
same into the open air outside o f such factory or other bu ildin g:
Provided, Conditions permit such discharge w ithout in ju ry to per
sons or property. Every such hood shall be made o f metal or other
suitable m aterial and be o f such form and so located in relation
to the grinding surface o f the wheel that the dust and refuse there
from w ill fall or be drawn into the hood and be carried off by the
pipe attached to it, and so as to prevent in ju ry to the operator if
the wheel shall burst. But connection o f such hood w ith an ex
haust fan or other suction device shall not be required in any o f
the follow in g cases:
E x em p tio n s.
F ir s t : When less than five o f such wheels are owned or operatedby one person or concern.
Second: When such wheel is provided for only occasional use
by workmen in grinding the tools used by them.
T h ir d : W hen w ater is used upon such wheel at the point o f
grinding contact.
C o n stru ctio n
Sec. 2. Every hood shall be so constructed as to expose the
o f hood.
smallest portion o f the wheel consistent with efficient operation,
and its free edges shall be turned back or faced to prevent injury
to the hands o f workmen. W here there is likelihood that the hood
may scratch the work, the edges o f the hood should be covered w ith
leather or other suitable covering.
U se.
Sec. 3. Every such fan or other suction device shall be kept in
constant operation while such grinding, polishing or buffing
wheels are in operation.
T
Violations.
^EC*
Person w ^ ° violates or does not com ply w ith the
provisions o f this act shall be deemed guilty o f a misdemeanor,
and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine o f not less
than $25 nor more than $50 for the first offense, and by a fine o f
not less than $50 nor more than $100 for each subsequent offense.
Approved March 16, 1918.
C h a p t e r 313.— F a ctory, etc., regulations— Common drinking cups.
Cups forbidS e c t io n 1. The use o f the common drinking cup on railroad
den.
trains and in railroad stations, public hotels, boarding houses,
V io la tio n s.
restaurants, clubs, steamboats, schools, factories, stores or pub
licly frequented places in Virginia is hereby prohibited. No person
or corporation in charge o f the aforesaid places, and no person or
corporation shall permit on the said railroad train, in railroad
stations, public hotels, boarding houses, restaurants, clubs, steam
boats, schools, factories, stores or any publicly frequented place
in Virginia, the use o f the drinking cup in common.
Any person or corporation violating the provisions o f this act,
shall, upon conviction, be fined in any sum not less than $1 and not
more than $ 10, and each day’s violation o f any o f the provisions o f
this act shall be considered a separate offense, punishable by fine
in the amount named above.
Approved M arch 16, 1918.
C h a p t e r 389.— Paym ent o f tvages— Semimonthly pay day.
[This act amends section 3157d, Code o f 1904, so as to read as
fo llo w s :]
Scope o f a c t.
S e c t io n 1. All persons, firms, companies, corporations or asso
ciations in this Commonwealth, engaged in operating railroad
shops, maintaining railroad and steamship offices, mining coal, ore,
or other minerals, or mining and m anufacturing them, or either o f
them, or m anufacturing iron or steel, or both, or any other kind o f
m anufacturing, shall pay their employees engaged in the employ
ments aforesaid as provided in this act.
V IR G IN IA .
109
All persons, firms, companies, corporations or associations, en- Payments re
gaged in any o f the business aforesaid, shall regularly settle with quire •
such employees at least tw ice in each month, and, at such times,
pay them the amounts due them fo r their w ork or services, in law
fu l money o f the United States, or by check, or by cash order, as
described and required in section three o f this a c t : Provided, That
nothing herein contained shall affect the right o f any employee to
assign the w hole or any part o f his claim against his em p loyer: Pro
vided, however, That the semimonthly payment o f wages require
ment o f this act shall not apply to excelsior mills or saw m ills; but
the employers o f labor engaged in such enterprises shall settle with
their employees at least once in each month.
S e c . 2. It shall not be law ful fo r any person, firm, company, corOrders,
poration or association, engaged in the business aforesaid, their
clerk, agent, officer or servant in this State to issue fo r payment
o f such labor at such times any order or other payment whatever,
unless the same purports to be payable or redeemable for its face *
value in law ful money o f the United States, such order to be made
payable on demand and without condition to employees, or bearer,
bearing interest at legal rate, and redeemable by the person, firm,
company, corporation or association giving, making or issuing
the same. Any such person, firm, company, corporation or asso
ciation engaged in any o f the business aforesaid, at other times
than at such regular settlements upon the faith and credit o f labor
to be perform ed or perform ed but not to be paid for under the
contract o f hiring until a future date, may in payment or in part
payment therefor, upon request o f any employee, issue to such
employees nontransferable orders upon him self or itself, or upon
another, payable in merchandise only or nontransferable coupons
or tokens payable or redeemable in merchandise on ly : Provided,
Th at upon or in the fa ce o f each such order or upon or in the
holder or container to w hich such coupons or tokens are attached
there is legibly and plainly written or printed the binding promise
o f such employer to pay such employee in law ful money o f the
United States or by check the unused portion or part, if any, o f
such order in his possession or the unused coupons or tokens, i f
any, in such holder or container in his possession, upon demand
and upon surrender thereof by him, at such regular settlement
date, not later than one month from the date thereof. Any person,
firm, company, corporation or association, engaged in the business
aforesaid, their clerks, agents, officers or sevants, who shall issue
fo r payment o f labor any paper or order, other than the ones
herein specified, or who shall, upon demand and surrender thereof
by an employee refuse to pay for or issue check to such employee
fo r such unusued part or portion o f such nontransferable order
o r unused nontransferable coupon or token at such regular set
tlement date, in violation o f this section, shall be deemed guilty o f
a misdemeanor, and upon conviction, shall be fined in any sum
not exceeding $ 100, in the discretion o f the court.
S e c . 3 . It shall be unlaw ful for any person, firm, company, corCompany
poration or association engaged in operating railroad shops, main- st° res*
taining railroad and steamship offices or mining or manufacturing,
or either o f them, as aforesaid, and who shall likew ise be either
engaged or interested directly or indirectly, in merchandising, as
owner or otherwise, in any money per centum profit or commis
sion arising from the sale o f any such merchandise, their clerks,
servants, officers or agents to knowingly or w illfu lly sell, or cause p rofits.
to be sold, to any such employees any goods, merchandise or sup
plies whatever for a greater per centum o f profit than merchandise
and supplies o f like character, kind, quality and quantity are sold
to other customers, buying fo r cash and not employed by them ;
and shall any person or member o f any firm, company, corporation
or association, his or their clerk, agent, or servant violate this act
they shall be guilty o f a misdemeanor, and upon conviction, shall be
fined in any sum not exceeding $100, in the discretion o f the court.
Approved March 20, 1918.
110
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
C h a p t e r 402.— A ssignm ents o f wages— W age brokers.
[T h is act embodies the provisions o f the uniform law on the sub
ject. It is applicable to persons, partnerships, and corporations
making loans not in excess o f $300, and requires an annual license
fee o f $50. But one place o f business may be m aintained under
such license, and a bond in the amount o f $1,000 is required. The
usual provisions as to records, statements, entries o f credit, right
o f inspection, fees and interest charges, etc., are enacted. A
monthly interest rate o f three and one-half per cent is allowed,
which is to include also all charges fo r papers, searches, loss mar
gin, etc. The follow in g section relates exclusively to w age lo a n s : I
L oan to be
S e c t io n 17. No assignment of, or order for, the payment o f any
c o n tem p o ra n e- salary or wages, earned or to be earned, given to a licensee to
ous*
secure a loan, shall be valid unless such loan is contracted simul
taneously w ith its ex ecu tion ; nor unless in w riting signed in per* son by the assignor, and not by attorney ; nor when made by a marS p o u s e to rie(j person, unless the w ritten assent o f his or her spouse to the
1° n*
making o f such assignment or order is indorsed or atta ch ed : P ro
vided, That written assent o f a spouse shall not be required when
husband and w ife have been living separate and apart for a period
•
o f at least five months prior to such assignment.
as^r
nabl(TageS
Every such assignment or order fo r the payment o f salary
or wages earned, or to be earned in the future, unless given as se
curity for a loan under this act, shall be valid fo r not exceeding
ten per cent ( 10% ) o f the assignor’s salary or wages under any
existing or future employment, w hich ten per cent ( 10% ) shall be
collectible therefrom from the employer, by the licensee, at the
e m p lo y e r ? 8
° time each paym ent o f salary or wages becomes due, from the
time that a copy thereof, verified by the oath o f the licensee, or
his agent, together w ith a verified statement o f the am ount unpaid
upon such loan is served upon the employer, who may demand to
have the original o f such assignment exhibited to him at the time
such copy is served.
Approved M arch 23, 1918.
Sum m ary
p ro v isio n s.
of
C h a p t e r 414.— H ours o f labor o f w om en and children.
[T h is act amends section 3657b, Code o f 1904, which establishes
a ten-hour day fo r women and fo r children under 14 (but see
chapter 204, a b ove), by adding thereto the fo llo w in g :]
^T obacco prizProvided, h ow ever, That the commissioner o f labor shall be, and
er es’
he is hereby authorized to grant a perm it to leaf-tobacco prizeries
in towns and cities o f less than thirty thousand population ac
cording to the United States census o f nineteen hundred and ten
to employ women fo r more than ten hours in a day where it ap
pears to the commissioner that such permit is necessary to provide
fo r an emergency and w here such additional time is voluntary on
the part o f the em ployees; w here such permits are granted, the
employees shall be paid fo r overtim e at the rate o f one and one-half
times. Such permit shall state the time and conditions o f such
employment, and such plant may employ such labor for the time
and under the conditions set forth in such p e rm it; and this pro
vision shall terminate February first, nineteen hundred and twenty.
A p p ro v e d M a rch 27, 1918.
W IS C O N S IN .
A C T S O F 1918— S P E C IA L S E S S IO N .
C h a p te r
2.— Em ploym ent o f children— Illiterates.
[This act repeals section 1728a-15 o f the statutes and renumbers
section 1728a-17 to be section 1728^-16. Sections 1 7 2 8 a -ll to
1728^-14 are amended to read as fo llo w s :]
Section 1 7 2 8 a -ll. No person, firm or corporation shall employ ‘ S c h o o l atan illiterate minor over seventeen years o f age in any city, village tendanceor town in which a public evening school or vocational school, Is
maintained, unless such minor is a regular attendant at the public
evening school or vocational school. An illiterate minor w ithin the
meaning o f this section is a minor w ho can not read at sight and
w rite legibly simple sentences in the English language. Attend
ance o f four hours per week at the public evening school or voca
tional school shall be deemed regular attendance w ithin the
meaning o f this section.
Sec. 1728a-12. No parent, guardian or custodian shall permit Duty of para minor over seventeen years o f age to be em ployed in violation ents> etc*
o f section 1 7 28 a-ll.
Sec. 1728a-13. Any minor required by section 1728^-11 to attend
an evening school or vocational school, shall furnish to his em
ployer each week .during its session a record showing that he is Records,
a regular attendant at the evening school or vocational school.
The employer shall file all records o f attendance in his office and
no minor, subject to sections 1728&-11 to 1728-16, inclusive, shall
be employed unless the records o f attendance or absence fo r valid
cause, during the previous week be on file.
Sec. 1728a-14. Upon presentation by a m inor o f a certificate P h y sic a l de
signed by a registered practicing physician, showing that h i s fects*
physical condition, or the distance necessary to be traveled, would
render the required school attendance, in addition to his daily
labor, prejudicial to his health, the industrial commission may in
its discretion authorize his employment for such period as it may
d e t e r m in e .
Approved February 28, 1918.
[Section 1728a-16 is renumbered to be section 1728a-15 and
amended by substituting 1728a-14 fo r 1728a-15, where it occurs.]
Approved February 28, 1918.
C h a p t e r 12.— Em ploym ent o f children in street trades.
[This act amends section 1728s o f the statutes by advancing the Age limit,
age from 16 to 17 years fo r com pliance w ith law s as to children
in street tra d es; also by adding the w ords “ where he resides ” to
the first sentence as defining w hat board o f education may issue
a permit. Sections 1728£, 172 8w, and 1728.? are amended by substi
tuting 17 fo r 16 where the age o f children under the age is
referred to. Section 1728t> is amended by adding new matter.
The last tw o sentences now read as fo llo w s :]
Such fee shall be refunded upon return o f the badge, within
Fees*
one year from the expiration o f the permit. A ll fees remaining
after the expiration o f such year are hereby appropriated to the
board o f education w ith whom they have been deposited to apply
upon any expenditures incurred in the administration o f sections
1728p to 17282a.
[Section 112Sy is amended by adding the fo llo w in g :]
The permit o f a minor who changes his residence subsequent to
C hange
of
its issuance may be revoked in like manner by the officers o f the residencc*
permit district to which he removes.
Ill
112
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
[Section 172820. is amended by substituting 17 fo r 16 where the
age o f children under the act is referred to. A new sentence is also
inserted after the first, as fo llo w s :]
A p p lic a tio n
In any city Or other permit district in w hich com pulsory school
of a ct.
attendance ends at the age o f sixteen years, the educational re
quirements contained in sections 1728p to 17282a, inclusive, shall
not apply to children over sixteen years o f age.
[F ive new sections are added as fo llo w s :]
^ E f f e c t o f perS e c t io n 1728i/a. The employment o f any minor o f the age o f
twelve years o r more, pursuant to the provisions o f sections 1728p
• to 172820, inclusive, in a “ street trade,” shall have the same w ar
rant as if his employm ent was under the permit provided by sec
tion 1728a, and such permit shall, within the trade fo r w hich it
was issued, afford like protection to an employer as w ould a per
mit issued pursuant to section 1728a. The perm it shall authorize
such minor to engage in the specified trade anywhere w ithin the
State.
0 fSUsPt rr T e ° n ^ec. 17282& E xcept as to cities o f the first class the industrial
e
t
.
trades.
commission is charged with general supervision o f minors engaged
in a “ street trade,” as the term is defined in section 1728p to
the end that such minors be not required, suffered or perm itted to
w ork at or engage in a street trade under conditions or during
hours w hich are dangerous or preju dicial to their life, health,
safety or w elfare. F or such purpose it is made the duty o f the
industrial commission, and it shall have power, jurisdiction and
authority to investigate, ascertain, determine and classify street
trades and to issue general or special orders prohibiting the
employment or engagement o f minors in a street trade danger
ous or prejudicial to the life, health, safety or w elfare o f such
I n v e stig a -m in o r, and, by like orders, to fix the terms and conditions o f
s* etcpermits to such m inors and provide fo r their issuance by the
board o f education or school board o f the city, village or tow n
in w hich such minor resides, fo r the revocation o f permits,
and for such other regulations as may be reasonably necessary to
carry out the purpose and intent h e r e o f: Provided, how ever, That no
boy under the age o f twelve years and no girl under the age o f
eighteen years shall at any time be permitted to engage in a street
trade.
E ffect.
g E > 17282c. Such investigations, classifications and orders shall
C
have the same force and effect as orders issued pursuant to sections
2394-41 to 2394^70, inclusive, and any action, proceeding or suit
to set aside, vacate or amend any such order o f the commission,
o r to enjoin the enforcem ent thereof, shall be made pursuant to
the proceeding authorized in sections 2394-41 to 2394-70, inclusive.
S e c . 17282$. Until such time as the industrial commission shall
Law in fo rce, investigate, ascertain, determine and classify street trades fo r dis
tricts other than cities o f the first class, as provided in section
17282& and by order designate those trades, and the conditions
,
and hours therein, at which a minor shall not be permitted to en
gage, any engagement or employment o f a minor in a street trade
in any such district contrary to the lim itations provided in sec
tions 1728p to 17282a, inclusive, shall be deemed preju dicial to the
life, health, safety and w elfare o f such minor. E xcept as the
industrial commission may provide ways and means in conflict
w ith the adm inistrative procedure provided in sections 1728p to
17282a, inclusive, the provisions o f said sections shall be effective,
in so fa r as applicable in all other cities and in the villages and
tow ns o f the State.
E x p en ses.
S e c . 1 7 2 8 2 6 . In the discharge o f any duty put upon boards o f
education or school boards pursuant to the provisions o f sections
17282& to 1728zd, inclusive, they are authorized to make use o f
any funds appropriated to their use fo r general school purposes.
Approved March 5, 1918.
UNITED STATES.
ACTS
OF
1918— S I X T Y -F I F T H C O N G R E S S — SE C O N D
SE S S IO N .
No. 135.— Sabotage— D estru ction o f w ar m aterials, utilities, etc.
S e c t io n 1. The w ords “ w ar m aterial,” as used herein, shall inD efin itio n s,
elude arms, armament, ammunition, live stock, stores o f clothing,
food, foodstuffs, or f u e l ; and shall also include supplies, munitions,
and all other articles o f whatever description, and any part or in
gredient thereof, intended for, adapted to, or suitable fo r the use
o f the United States, or any associate nation, in connection w ith
the conduct o f the war.
The w ords “ w ar premises,” as used herein, shall include all
buildings, grounds, mines, or other places wherein such w ar ma
terial is being produced, manufactured, repaired, stored, mined,
extracted, distributed, loaded, unloaded, or transported, together
with all machinery and appliances therein con tain ed ; and all forts,
arsenals, navy yards, camps, prisons, or other m ilitary or naval
stations o f the United States, or any associate nation.
The w ords “ w ar utilities,” as used herein, shall include all rail
roads, railw ays, electric lines, roads o f whatever description, rail
road or railw ay fixture, canal, lock, dam, w harf, pier, dock, bridge,
building, structure, engine, machine, mechanical contrivance, car,
vehicle, boat, or aircraft, or any other means o f transportation
whatsoever, whereon or whereby such w ar material or any troops
o f the United States, or o f any associate nation, are being or may
be transported either w ithin the lim its o f the United States or
upon the high se a s ; and all dams, reservoirs, aqueducts, w ater and
gas mains and pipes, structures and buildings, whereby or in con
nection with which water or gas is being furnished, or may be fu r
nished, to any w ar premises or to the m ilitary or naval forces o f
the United States, or any associate nation, and all electric light
and power, steam or pneumatic power, telephone and telegraph
plants, poles, wires, and fixtures and wireless stations, and the
buildings connected w ith the maintenance and operation thereof
used to supply water, light, heat, power, or facilities o f communica
tion to any w ar premises or to the m ilitary or naval forces o f the
United States, or any associate nation.
The w ords “ United States ” shall include the Canal Zone and
all territory and waters, continental and insular, subject to the
ju risdiction o f the United States.
The w ords “ associate nation,” as used in this act, shall be
deemed to mean any nation at w ar w ith any nation w ith which
the United States is at war.
S e c . 2. W hen the United States is at war, whoever, w ith intent
In ju r in g o r
to injure, in terfere with, or obstruct the United States or any asso- d e str o y in g w a r
ciate nation in preparing for or carrying on the war, or whoever, ma eria *
with reason to believe that his act may injure, interfere with, or
obstruct the United States or any associate nation in preparing fo r
or carrying on the war, shall w illfu lly injure or destroy, or shall
attempt to so injure or destroy, any w ar material, w ar premises,
or war utilities, as herein defined, shall, upon conviction thereof,
be fined not more than $ 10,000 or im prisoned not more than thirty
years, or both.
S e c . 3. When the United States is at war, whoever, w ith intent
Defective
to injure, interfere with, or obstruct the United States or any produ ction,
associate nation in preparing fo r or carrying on the war, or who
ever, with reason to believe that his act may injure, interfere with,
or obstruct the United States or any associate nation in preparing
106407°— 19------- 8
113 .
114
LAW S
or
VARIOUS STATES R E L A TIN G TO LABOR.
for or carrying on the war, shall w illfu lly make or cause to be made
in a defective manner, or attempt to make or cause to be made in a
defective manner, any w ar material, as herein defined, or any tool,
implement, machine, utensil, or receptacle used or employed in
making, producing, manufacturing* or repairing any such w ar ma
terial, as herein defined, shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined not
more than $ 10,000 or imprisoned not more than thirty years, or
both.
Approved, April 20, 1918.
No. 147.— Seamen.
Lifeboat
men.
[T h is act amends section 4463 o f the Revised Statutes by requir
ing that the complement o f officers and crew fo r vessels com ing
under the law shall include a suitable number o f certificated life
boat men, who shall be separately stated in the reports. Other
sections o f the act are as fo llo w s : J
Deck officers.
S e c t io n 2. The board o f local inspectors shall make an entry in
the certificate o f inspection o f every ocean and coastw ise seagoing
merchant vessel o f the United States propelled by machinery, and
every ocean-going vessel carrying passengers, the minimum number
o f licensed deck officers required for her safe navigation according
to tlie follow in g scale:
No such vessel shall be navigated unless she shall have on board
and in her service one duly licensed master.
Vessels
of
Every such vessel o f one thousand gross tons and over,, pro
200 tons and
pelled by machinery, shall have in her service and on board three
oyer ;
licensed mates, who shall stand in three watches while such vessel
is being navigated, unless such vessel is engaged in a run o f less
than fou r hundred miles from the port o f departure to the port o f
final destination* then such vessel shall have two licensed m a tes;
and every vessel o f tw o hundred gross tons and less than one
thousand gross tons,, propelled by m achinery, shall have two
licensed mates.
Under 2 0 0
Every such vessel o f one hundred gross tons and under tw o
tons.
hundred gross tons, propelled by m achinery, shall have on board
and in her service one licensed mate, but if such vessel is engaged
in a trade in w hich the time required to make the passage from
the port o f departure to the port o f destination exceeds tw enty-four
hours, then such vessel shall have tw o licensed mates.
Variations.
Nothing in this section shall be so construed as to prevent local
inspectors from increasing the number o f licensed officers on any
vessel subject to the inspection laws o f the United States, if, in
their judgment, such vessel is not sufficiently manned fo r her safe
n av iga tion : Provided, That this section shall not apply to fishing
or w haling vessels, yachts, or motor boats as defined in the act o f
June ninth, nineteen hundred and ten, or to w recking vessels.
Hours of rest.
Sec. 3. It shall be unlaw ful fo r the master, owner, agent,, or
other person having authority to perm it an officer o f any vessel to
take charge o f the deck w atch o f the vessel upon leaving or im
mediately after leaving, port, unless such officer shall have had at
least six hours o lf duty within the tw elve hours immediately pre
ceding the time o f sailing, and no licensed officer on any ocean or
coastwise vessel shall be required to do duty to exceed nine hours
o f any tw enty-four w hile in port, including the date o f arrival, or
m ore than twelve hours o f any tw enty-four at sea, except in a case
o f emergency when life or property is endangered. A ny violation
o f this section shall subject the person or persons guilty thereof
to a penalty o f $ 100.
Approved M ay 11, 1918.
No. 149.— H ousing o f w orkm en— W ar em ergency.
Purposes.
S e c t i o n 1. The President, fo r the purposes o f providing housing,
local transportation and other general community utilities fo r
such industrial w orkers as are engaged in arsenals and navy yards
U N IT E D STATES.
115
o f the United States and in industries connected w ith and essential
to the national defense, and their fam ilies, and also employees o f
the United States whose duties require them to reside in the Dis
trict of, Columbia, and whose services are essential to w ar needs,
and their fam ilies, only during the continuation o f the existing
war, is hereby authorized and empowered, within the lim its o f the
amounts herein authorized—
(a )
To purchase, acquire by lease, construct, requisition, or ac- What Presiquire by condemnation or by gift such houses, buildings, furnish- dent may do*
ings, improvements, local transportation and other general com
munity utilities and parts thereof as he may determine to be nec
essary for the proper conduct o f the existing war.
(&) To purchase, lease, requisition, or acquire by condemnation
or by gift any im proved or unimproved land, or any right, title, or
interest therein on which such bouses, buildings, improvements,
local transportation and other general community utilities and
parts thereof have been or may be con stru cted: Provided, That col
leges, museums, libraries, State or m unicipal buildings, and the
furnishings in private dwellings shall not be acquired except by
contract, nor shall any occupied dwelling or place o f abode be taken
under the powers in this act given except by contract unless the
necessity thereof shall be determined by a judge o f the circuit or
district court o f the United States exercising ju risdiction in the
locality on petition setting forth the reason and necessity for such
ta k in g ; the hearing on such petition shall be upon notice to the
owner and occupant o f sucb dwelling, and the determination o f
such judge shall be final, but in no event shall any occupied private
dwelling house be taken except by contract unless such dwelling
be upon lands desired for the construction o f a Government struc
ture : Provided fu rth er, That no existing lim itation upon the right
of any person to make a contract with the United States shall apply
to owners whose property the President determines is necessary
for Government purposes and desires to either lease or purchase
by contract under this or any other act authorizing the President
to acquire property by lease or purchase.
(c ) To equip, manage, maintain, alter, rent, lease, exchange, sell,
and convey such lands, or any right, title, or interest therein,
houses, buildings, improvements, local transportation and other
general community utilities, parts thereof, and equipment upon
such terms and conditions as he may determ ine: Provided, That
no sale and conveyance shall be made hereunder on credit without
reserving a first lien on such property for the unpaid purchase
m on ey: Provided, furth er, That in no case shall any property
hereby acquired be given away, nor shall rents be furnished free,
but the rental charges shall be reasonable and ju st as between the
employees and the Government.
(d ) To aid in providing, equipping, managing, and maintaining
houses, buildings, improvements, local transportation and other
general community utilities by loan or otherwise to such person or
persons and upon such terms and conditions as he may determ ine:
Provided, That no loan shall be made at a less rate o f interest than
five per centum per annum, and such loan shall be properly secured
by lien, mortgage, or otherw ise: And provided further, That no
loan shall be made and no house or money given under this act to
any person not an Am erican citizen.
(e ) To take possession of, alter, repair, improve, and suitably
arrange for living purposes, to be used under the terms o f this act
all houses on square six hundred and thirty-three except the
Maltby Building, owned by the United States, together with any
other houses in the D istrict o f Columbia owned by the Government
and not now occupied. The President shall, in the construction o f
buildings in the D istrict o f Columbia, make use o f any lands owned
by the Government o f the United States deemed by him to be suit
able fo r the purpose and w hich have not heretofore been dedicated
by act o f Congress fo r specific buildings.
The President may exercise any power or discretion herein
granted, and may enter into any arrangement or contract inci-
116
L A W S OF VARIOUS STATES R E L A T IN G TO LABOR.
dental thereto, through such agency or agencies as he m ay create
o r designate: P rovided, That houses erected by the Governm ent
under the authority o f this act shall be o f only a tem porary charac
ter except w here the interests o f the Government w ill be best sub
served by the erection o f buildings o f a permanent ch a ra cter:
Provided fu rth er, T h at whenever it is practicable to use any part
o f the office or field force o f the Office o f the Supervising A rchitect
o f the Treasury Departm ent in or' about any o f the w ork contem
plated by this act, the President shall do so.
A d ju s t m e n t
Sec. 2. W henever the President shall purcnase, lease, requisiof payments, tion, or acquire by condemnation or by gift such land or right,
title, or interest therein, or such houses, buildings, furnishings, im
provements, local transportation and other general community
utilities, and parts thereof, he shall make ju st compensation there
for, to be determined by him, and i f the amount thereof so deter
mined is unsatisfactory to the person entitled to receive the same,
such person shall be paid seventy-five per centum o f the amount
so determined and shall be entitled to sue the United States to re
cover such fu rther sum as, added to such seventy-five per centum,
w ill make up such amount as w ill be ju st compensation therefor in
the manner provided fo r by section tw enty-four, paragraph twenty,
and section one hundred and forty-five o f the Judicial Code.
Possession.
Sec. 3. Upon the requisition o f or the filing o f a petition fo r th,e
condemnation hereunder o f such land, or any right, title, or inter
est therein, or such houses, buildings, furnishings, improvements,
local transportation, and other general com m unity utilities, and
parts thereof, im mediate possession th ereof may be taken to the
extent o f the interest to be acquired and the same may be occupied,
occupant being given ten days’ notice in w hich to vacate, and used,
and the provisions o f section three hundred and fifty-five o f the
Revised Statutes, providing that no public money shall be ex
pended upon such land until the w ritten opinion o f the Attorney
General shall be had in favor o f the validity o f the title, nor until
the consent o f the legislature o f the State in w hich the land is
located has been given, shall be, and the same are hereby, sus
pended as to all real estate acquired hereunder.
Sec. 4. The word “ person ” used herein shall include any person,
Definition.
trustee, firm, or corporation.
Sec. 5. The pow er and authority granted herein shall cease w ith
Term.
the termination o f the present war, except the pow er and authority
to care for, sell, or rent such property as remains undisposed o f
and to conclude and execute contracts fo r the sale o f property
made during the war. Such property shall be sold as soon after
Sale of prop-the conclusion o f the w ar as it can be advantageously d o n e : P roerty.
~vided, That before any sale is consummated the same must be
authorized by Congress.
Reports.
Sec. 6. A t the beginning o f each session o f Congress the Presi
dent shall make to Congress a fu ll and detailed report covering all
o f the transactions w ith relation to the subject matter o f this act,
describing each parcel o f land purchased, leased, or otherwise
acquired, the improvements made thereon, together w ith the
amount o f money spent in connection therewith and the disposi
tion o f the sam e; descriptions o f all parcels o f property sold, to
whom, the term s o f sale, and the status o f the title at the time
o f the making o f such report; description o f each piece o f prop
erty purchased under the terms o f this act and still owned by the
Government and the estimated valu e; a list showing the names
o f all persons who have been employed in any capacity to aid in
carrying out the provisions o f this act, the service rendered by
each and the amount o f compensation, including fees, commis
sions, allowances, and traveling expenses paid to each, and a full,
detailed, itemized statement showing each and every transaction
in the execution o f the trust herein created, and im mediately after
the declaration o f peace the President shall make a final report to
Congress covering in detail all the operations and transactions,
under and by virtue o f the terms o f this act.
A p p rov ed M a y 16, 1918,
U N IT E D STATES.
117
No. 174.— R etirem ent o f em ployees in Lighthouse Service.
S e c t i o n 6 . A ll officers and employees engaged i n the field service
or on vessels o f the Lighthouse Service, except persons continu- Age for reously employed in district offices or shops, who shall have reached t ir e m e n t .
the age o f sixty-five years, after having been thirty years in the
active service o f the Government, may at their option be retired
from further perform ance o f d u ty ; and all such officers and em
ployees who shall have reached the age o f seventy years shall be
compulsorily retired from further perform ance o f d u ty : Provided,
That the annual compensation o f persons so retired shall be a sum Hate of pay.
equal to one-fortieth o f the average annual pay received fo r the
last five years o f service fo r each year o f active service in the
Lighthouse Service or in a department or branch o f the Govern
ment having a retirement system, not to exceed in any case thirtyfortieths o f such average annual pay received: Provided fu rth er,
That such retirement pay shall not include any amount on account
o f subsistence or other allowance.
Approved June 20, 1918.
No. 178.— V ocational rehabilitation o f injured soldiers and sailors.
S e c t i o n 1. This act shall be known as the Vocational RehabilitaDefinitions,
tion Act. The w ord “ board,” as hereinafter used in this act, shall
mean the “ Federal B oard fo r Vocational Education.” The w ord
“ bureau,” as hereinafter used in this act, shall mean the “ Bureau
o f W ar-R isk Insurance.”
S e c . 2. Every person w ho is disabled under circumstances enWho to r
titling him, after discharge from the m ilitary or naval forces o f c e i v e i n s t r u c t
the United States, to compensation under A rticle I I I o f the act en- tion»
titled “ An act to amend an act entitled ‘An act to authorize the
establishment o f a Bureau o f W ar-R isk Insurance in the Treasury
Department,’ ” approved October sixth, nineteen hundred and sev
enteen, hereinafter referred to as “ said act,” and who, after his
discharge, in the opinion o f the board, is unable to carry on a gain
fu l occupation, to resume his form er occupation, or to enter upon
some other occupation, or having resumed or entered upon such
occupation is unable to continue the same successfully, shall be fu r
nished by the said board, w here vocational rehabilitation is feasi
ble, such course o f vocational rehabilitation as the board shall
prescribe and provide.
The board shall have power, and it shall be its duty, to furnish
Courses,
the persons included in this section suitable courses o f vocational
rehabilitation to be prescribed and provided by the board, and
every person electing to follow such a course o f vocational rehabili
tation shall, w hile follow in g the same, receive monthly compensa
tion equal to the amount o f his monthly pay fo r the last month o f
his active service, or equal to the amount to w hich he would be
entitled under A rticle III o f said act, w hichever amount is the
greater. I f such person w as an enlisted man at the time o f his
discharge, for the period during which he is so afforded a course
o f rehabilitation, his fam ily shall receive com pulsory allotment and
fam ily allow ance according to the terms o f A rticle II o f said act in
Allotments,
the same manner as if he were an enlisted man, and fo r the purpose
o f computing and paying com pulsory allotment and fam ily allow
ance his compensation shall be treated as his monthly p a y : P ro
vided, That i f such person w illfu lly fails or refuses to follow the Sf^ c t io ing in"
prescribed course o f vocational rehabilitation w hich he has elected
c 10n*
to follow , in a manner satisfactory to the board, the said board in
its discretion may certify to,that effect to the bureau and the said
bureau shall, during such period o f failure or refusal, withhold any
part or all o f the monthly compensation due such person and not
subject to compulsory allotment which the said board may have
determined should be w ith h eld: Provided, however, That no vo
cational teaching shall be carried on in any hospital until the medi
cal authorities certify that the condition o f the patient is such as
to ju stify such teaching.
118
LAWS OF VARIOUS STATES RELATING TO LABOR.
F u n d s.
Tlie m ilitary and naval fam ily allow ance appropriation provided
fo r in section eighteen o f said act shall be available for the pay
ment o f the fam ily allowances provided by this section ; and the
military and naval compensation appropriation provided for in sec
tion nineteen o f said act shall be available fo r the payment o f the
monthly compensation herein provided. No compensation under
Article III o f said act shall be paid for the period during which
any such person is furnished by said board a course o f vocational
rehabilitation except as is hereinbefore provided.
C ost.
S e c . 3. The courses o f vocational rehabilitation provided for
under this act shall, as fa r as practicable and under such conditions
as the board may prescribe, be made available w ithout cost fo r in
struction for the benefit o f any person who is disabled under cir
cumstances entitling him, after discharge from the m ilitary or
naval forces o f the United States, to compensation under A rticle
I I I o f said act and who is not included in section tw o hereof.
G en eral p o w
S e c . 4. The board shall have the pow er and it shall be its duty
e rs o f board.
to provide such facilities, instructors, and courses as may be nec
essary to insure proper training fo r such persons as are required
to follow such courses as herein p rov id ed ; to prescribe the courses
to be follow ed by such person s; to pay, when in the discretion o f
the board such payment is necessary, the expense o f travel, lodg
ing, subsistence, and other necessary expenses o f such persons
while follow in g the prescribed cou rses; to do all things necessary
to insure vocational rehabilitation; to provide fo r the placement
o f rehabilitated persons in suitable or gainful occupations. The
board shall have the pow er to make such rules and regulations as
may be necessary fo r the proper perform ance o f its duties as pre
scribed by this act, and is hereby authorized and directed to utilize,
with the approval o f the Secretary o f Labor, the facilities o f the
Department o f Labor, in so fa r as may be practicable, in the place
ment o f rehabilitated persons in suitable or gainful occupations.
P la ce m e n t.
S e c . 5 . It shall also be the duty o f the board to make or cause
to have made studies, investigations, and reports regarding the
vocational rehabilitation o f disabled persons and their placem ent
in suitable or gainful occupations. W hen the board deems it ad
visable, such studies, investigations, and reports may be made in
cooperation w ith or through other departments and bureaus o f
the Government, and the board in its discretion may cooperate with
such public or private agencies as it may deem advisable in per
form ing the duties im posed upon it by this act.
S e c . 6 . A ll m edical and surgical w ork or other treatment neces
M edical, etc.,
tr e a tm e n t.
sary to give functional and mental restoration to disabled persons
prior to their discharge from the m ilitary or naval forces o f the
United States shall be under the control o f the W ar Departm ent
and the N avy Department, respectively. W henever training is em
ployed as a therapeutic measure by the W ar Departm ent or the
Navy Department a plan may be established between these agen
cies and the board acting in an advisory capacity to insure, in so
far as medical requirements permit, a proper process o f training
and the proper preparation o f instructors fo r such training. A
plan may also be established between the W ar and Navy D epart
ments and the board whereby these departments shall act in an
advisory capacity w ith the board in the care o f the health o f the
soldier and sailor after his discharge.
The board shall, in establishing its plans and rules and regula
tions for vocational training, cooperate with the W ar Departm ent
and the Navy Departm ent in so far as may be necessary to effect
a continuous process o f vocational training.
G ifts.
S e c . 7. The board is hereby authorized and empowered to receive
such gifts and donations from either public or private sources as
may be offered unconditionally. A ll moneys received as gifts or
donations shall be paid into the Treasury o f the United States,
and shall constitute a permanent fund, to be called the “ Special
fund fo r vocational rehabilitation,” to be used under the direction
o f the said board, in connection with the appropriations hereby
made or hereafter to be made, to defray the expenses o f providing
UNITED STATES.
119
and maintaining courses o f vocational rehabilitation ; and a full
report o f all gifts and donations offered and accepted, and all dis
bursements therefrom, shall be submitted annually to Congress by
said board.
S e c . 8. There is hereby appropriated, out o f any money in the tions p r o p ria ’
Treasury o f the United States not otherwise appropriated, avail
able immediately and until expended, the sum o f $2,000,000, or so
much thereof as may be necessary to be used by the Federal Board
for Vocational Education for the purposes o f this act, to wit, for
renting and remodeling buildings and quarters, repairing, main
taining, and equipping same, and for equipment and other facilities
necessary fo r proper instruction o f disabled persons, $250,000; for
the preparation o f instructors and salaries o f instructors, super
visors, and other experts, including necessary traveling expenses,
$545,000; for traveling expenses o f disabled persons in connection
w ith training and for lodging, subsistence, and other necessary ex
penses in special cases o f persons follow in g prescribed courses,
$250,000; for tuition for disabled persons pursuing courses in ex
isting institutions, public or private, $545,000; fo r the placement
and supervision after placement o f vocationally rehabilitated per
sons, $45,000; fo r studies, investigations, reports, and preparation
o f special courses o f instruction, $55,000; for miscellaneous contin
gencies, including special mechanical appliances necessary in spe
cial cases for disabled men, $ 110,000 ; and for the administrative
expenses o f said board incident to perform ing the duties imposed
by this act, including salaries o f such assistants, experts, clerks,
and other employees in the D istrict o f Columbia or elsewhere as
the board may deem necessary, actual traveling and other neces
sary expenses incurred by the members o f the board and by its
employees under its orders, including attendance at meetings o f
educational associations and other organizations, rent and equip
ment o f offices in the D istrict o f Columbia and elsewhere, purchase
o f books o f reference, law books, and periodicals, stationery, type
writers and exchange thereof, miscellaneous supplies, postage on
foreign mail, printing and binding to be done at the Government
Printing Office, and all other necessary expenses, $200,000.
S e c . 9. Said board shall file with the Clerk o f the House and the Reports.
Secretary o f the Senate on July first and every three months there
after, for the inform ation o f the Congress, an itemized account o f
all expenditures made under this act, including names and salaries
o f employees. Said board shall also make an annual report to the
Congress o f its doings under this act ou or before December first
o f each year.
Approved June 27, 1918.
No. 181.— D epartm ent o f Labor— W a r em ergency service.
[The sundry civil appropriation bill contained the follow ing
items fo r the Department o f L a b o r : ]
To enable the Secretary o f Labor, during the present emergency,
E xtension, o f
to furnish such inform ation and to render such assistance in the dutiesemployment o f wage earners throughout the United States as may
be deemed necessary in the prosecution o f the war and to aid in the
standardization o f all wages paid by the Government o f the United
States and its agencies, including personal services in the D istrict
o f Columbia and elsewhere * * * $5,500,000: Provided, That
no money now or hereafter appropriated for the payment o f wages
not fixed by statute shall be available to pay wages in excess of
the standard determined upon by the W ar Labor Policies Board.
[The appropriation for the transportation o f workers was con
tinued, to be available during the fiscal year 1919.]
To enable the Secretary o f Labor, during the present emergency,
to carry on the w ork o f war-labor administration, including medi
ation and conciliation in labor disputes, the w orking conditions o f
wage earners in the most essential w ar industries, the acquiring
and diffusing o f inform ation on subjects connected with labor, the
120
LAWS OF VARIOUS STATES RELATING TO LABOR.
employment o f women in industry, and the training and dilution
o f labor, * * * ; in all $1,335,000.
Approved July 1, 1918.
No. 182.— Commandeering industrial establishm ents— W ar emer
gency.
[The naval appropriation act fo r 1919 contained the follow in g
p rovision s: ]
D efin itio n s.
S e c t io n 5. (a ) The w ord “.p e rs o n ” as used in paragraph (&),
( c) , next hereafter shall include any individual, trustee, firm, asso
ciation, company, or corporation. T he w ord “ ship ” shall include
any boat, vessel, submarine, or any form o f aircraft, and the parts
thereof. The w ords “ w ar m aterial ” shall include arms, armament,
ammunition, stores, supplies, and equipment fo r ships and air
planes, and everything required fo r or in connection w ith the pro
duction thereof. The w ord “ factory ” shall include any factory,
workshop, engine works, building used for manufacture, assem
bling, construction, or any process, and any shipyard or dockyard.
The w ords “ United States ” shall include the Canal Zone and all
territory and waters, continental and insular, subject to the ju ris
diction o f the United States.
(b )
The President is hereby authorized and empowered, w ithin
the lim its o f the am ounts appropriated th erefor:
P r e fe r e n tia l
First. T o place an order w ith any person fo r such ships or w ar
orders.
material as the necessities o f the Government, to be determined by
the President, may require and w hich are o f the nature, kind, and
quantity usually produced or capable o f being produced by such
person. Com pliance w ith all such orders shall be obligatory on any
person to whom such order is given, and such order shall take prece
dence over all other orders and contracts theretofore placed w ith
such person. I f any person owning, leasing, or operating any fa c
tory equipped fo r the building or production o f ships or w ar ma
terial for the Navy shall refuse or fa il to give to the United States
such preference in the execution o f such an order, or shall refuse
to build, supply, furnish, or m anufacture the kind, quantity, or
quality o f ships o f [or] w ar m aterials so ordered at such reason
able price as shall be determined by the President, the President
may take immediate possession o f any factory o f such person, or o f
any part thereof without taking possession o f the entire factory,
and may use the same at such times and in such manner as he may
consider necessary or expedient.
M o d ify in g ,
Second. W ithin the lim it o f the amounts appropriated therefor,
etc., c o n tr a c ts, to m odify or cancel any existing contract for the building, produc
tion, or purchase o f ships or w ar m a teria l; and i f any contractor
shall refuse or fa il to comply w ith the contract as so modified,
the President may take immediate possession o f any factory o f
such contractor, or any part thereof w ithout taking possession o f
the entire factory, and may use the same at such times and in such
manner as he may consider necessary or expedient.
T a k in g over
Third. T o require the owner or occupier o f any factory in w hich
ou tp u t.
ships or w ar m aterial are built or produced to place at the disposal
o f the United States the wrhole or any part o f the output o f such
factory, and w ithin the lim it o f the amounts appropriated therefor, *
to deliver such output or parts thereof in such quantities and at
such times as may be specified in the order at such reasonable'
price as shall be determined by the President.
T a k in g over
Fourth. T o requisition and take over for use or operation by the
fa cto ry .
Government any factory, or any part thereof, w ithout taking pos-j
session o f the entire factory, whether the United States has or has]
not any contract w ith the owner or occupier o f such factory.
T erm .
All authority granted to the President herein or by him dele-i
gated shall cease six months after a final treaty o f peace shall be*
proclaim ed between this Government and the German Empire.
UNITED STATES.
121
( d)
W henever the United States shall cancel or m odify any con- A d j u s t m e n t
tract, make use of, assume, occupy, requisition, or take over any 0 Paymentsfactory or part thereof, or any ships or war material, in accordance
w ith the provisions o f paragraph ( b) , it shall make ju st compensa
tion therefor, to be determined by the President, and i f the amount
thereof so determined by the President is unsatisfactory to the
person entitled to receive the same, such person shall be paid sev
enty-five per centum o f the amount so determined by the President
and shall be entitled to sue the United States to recover such fu r
ther sum as added to said seventy-five per centum shall make up
such amount as w ill be ju st compensation therefor, in the manner
provided for by section twenty-four, paragraph twenty, and sec
tion one hundred and forty-five o f the Judicial Code.
Approved July 1, 1918.
No. 185.— Eight-hour day— Sunday labor— Postal Service.
S e c t io n 3. H ereafter watchmen, messengers, and laborers in first wo^k° u r s 0 £
and second class post offices, and railw ay postal clerks assigned
to terminal railw ay post offices and transfer offices, shall be re
quired to w ork not more than eight hours a day, and the eight
hours o f service shall not extend over a longer period than ten
consecutive hours, and that in cases o f emergency or if the needs
o f the service require they may be required to w ork in excess o f
eight hours a day, and fo r such additional services they shall be
paid in proportion to their salaries as fixed by la w : Provided , That
hereafter when the needs o f the Postal Service require the employ
ment on Sundays and holidays o f railw ay postal clerks assigned
C om p en sato terminal railw ay post offices and transfer offices, they shall be to r y r e st day.
granted compensatory time in the same manner as provided by law
fo r clerks and carriers in first and second class offices.
Approved July 2, 1918.
No. 191.— W ages o f em ployees in Governm ent Printing Office.
S e c tio n
1
.
*
*
*
*
*
From and after the passage o f this act the compensation o f all
in c r e a s e
printer-linotype operators, printer - monotype - keyboard operators, pay.
makers-up, proofreaders, and pressmen employed in the Govern
ment Printing Office shall be at the rate o f 65 cents per hour for the
time actually employed, and that the pay o f all compositors, book
binders, and bookbinder-m achine operators employed in the Govern
ment Printing Office shall be at the rate o f 60 cents per hour for the
time actually em p loyed: Provided, That employees o f the Govern
ment Printing Office whose wages are increased by the provisions
Term
o f this act shall be paid at the rates provided fo r herein during
the period o f the present w ar and fo r six months after the procla
mation o f peace, when the wages paid such employees shall there
after be at the rates paid at the time o f the passage o f this act,
unless otherwise provided by law.
Approved July 8, 1918.
RESOLUTIONS.
No. 37.— Foundation fo r the Prom otion o f Industrial P eace.
W hereas in compliance w ith the expressed desire o f Theodore
Roosevelt Congress passed an act entitled “ An act to establish
the Foundation for the Prom otion o f Industrial Peace,” approved
March second, nineteen hundred and seven [ch. 2558, Acts o f
1906-7], in w hich act trustees w ere created and appointed with
pow er to accept from the said Theodore Roosevelt the money gift
carried as a part o f the Nobel peace prize awarded him in the
year nineteen hundred and s i x ; and
o
f
122
LAWS OF VARIOUS STATES RELATING TO LABOR.
W hereas the trustees, or industrial peace committee, created under
said act still has in its custody the moneys represented in the
said Nobel prize, and accretions thereto, and has not found it
practicable to dispose o f the same in accordance w ith the pro
visions o f said a c t : Therefore be it
R esolved , That the industrial peace committee, created under an
act o f Congress entitled “ An act to establish the Foundation for
the Prom otion o f Industrial Peace/!, approved M arch second, nine
teen hundred and seven, be, and they are hereby, authorized and
directed to return to the H onorable Theodore Roosevelt the sum o f
money in its hands, principal and interest, represented in the Nobel
peace prize, and placed with it in accord w ith the expressed desires
and purposes o f Theodore Roosevelt in nineteen hundred and seven.
Approved July 12, 1918.
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
No.
Missouri......................
M ontana.....................
Nebraska...................
N ew Jersey................
Accidents in mines, re
ports and investigation
of:
Alabama.....................
A laska........................
Arizona.......................
Arkansas....................
Colorado.....................
Tdaho..........................
Illinois........................
Indiana......................
Iow a........................
186
74,75
244
84
... J
166
209
K ansas........................
K entucky...................
Maryland...................
Michigan....................
Minnesota
Missouri
M ontana.....................
Nevada
New Mexico
New Y ork..................
North Carolina
Ohio...
Oklahoma
Pennsylvania............
South Dakota..........
Tennessee....................
244
82,84,85
1
1
1
166
141
186
212-215
1132,1133
1179
1300
1391
1415,1421
New Y ork.................. 1481,1482
1489,1510
O hio............................ 1647,1648
Oklahoma.................. 1717,1718
Oregon......................
1769 1S6
P ennsylvania............
1787
1849,1927
Rhode Isla n d ............
1971
Tennessee...................
2030
2064,2065
U tah...........................
244
Vermont......................
244
Wisconsin...................
2258 186
2292,2293 244
W yom ing...................
244
(See also Inspection of
factories, etc.)
Page.
Page.
A.
Abandonment of em
ploym ent. (See Con
tracts of em ploym ent.)
Abandonment of locomo
tives, etc. (See Strikes
of railroad employees.)
Absence, leave of. ( See
Leave of absence.)
Absent voters. ( See Rail: road employees, etc.,
* voting by.)
Accident i n s u r a n c e .
\ ( See Insurance, acci/• dent.)
Accident, old age, etc.,
relief:
A laska........................
186
Arizona......................
>\ccident prevention:
California...................
Illinois........................ ! 587,583
Nebraska................... |
1285
New Jersey................
1430
O hio............................
1674
Virginia.......... *..........
W isconsin...................
2256
Accidents, i n d u s t r i a l ,
commission on, digest
of law as to ....................
146
-"Accidents, i n d u s t r i a l ,
reports and investiga
tion of:
California...................
Connecticut................
416,417
Illinois........................ 1 561,571
Indiana......................
646
Iow a............................
757
Kansas........................
776,777
Louisiana...................
861,862
Maine..........................
878,889
Massachusetts............ 1033-1035
Minnesota..................
1097
Bulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
311,312
345
347
421
364
370
U tah...........................
Virginia
Washingt on
"West Virginia
Wyoming
United States............
(See also Mine regula
tions.)
Bulletin.
No.
166,168
193
219,220
236
336,340
341,387
510
614 244
658
730,753
758,759
780,781
166
927
1077
1111
1190,1191
1268
1330,1331
1448
1525.1526
1569-1571
1618,1619
1621,1627
1735
1812
1813,1876
1904,1915
2010
2030,2050 244
2117,2118
2174
2203,2204 244
2253 186
2339,2344
2410
Page.
143
58
325
351
409,415
A cc id en ts o n railroads,
etc ., reports an d in ves
tigation of:
Alabama...................
Arizona
California
Colorado
Connecticut
District of Columbia .
Florida
H aw aii....................
Illinois
Indiana
157
230
186
351
403,422
464
467,478
506
627
664
675,705
724
Iowa
K a n sa s.....................
776,777
Kentucky
813
Maine
890,891
Maryland. . . .
897
A nca Vn t
T
i
949,950
Michigan
1073
Minnesota
1109
Mississippi...
1149
Missouri
1216
Montana................... 1231,1271
1315 244
Nebraska....................
123
84
217
124
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 143.
Page.
Bulletin,
No.
Pago.
Accidents on railroads,
etc., reports and inves
tigation of—Concluded.
Ohio.............................
Oregon.........................
Utah.............................
Accidents on vessels, etc.:
1335,1336
1366
1409
1554
1593,1594
1604
1764,1773 186
1937,1938
244
1989
1995-1997
2020
244
2138,2139
2154
2210,2213
2214,2217
2284,2285
244
2425,2426
2429,2430
Alaska..........................
Arkansas......................
California . . . . . . . . . . . .
Colorado.......................
Connecticut.............
Illinois..........................
Indiana .
.. . . . .
Iowa..............................
Kansas ....................
Kentucky....................
Maryland.. .- ..............
Massachusetts..............
Michigan....................
Montana. . . . . . . . . . . .
Nevada........................
New Hampshire........
New Jersey.................
New Mexico................
New York...................
North Carolina...........
Ohio.............................
Oklahoma...................
Pennsylvania.........
Porto R ic o ................
Tennessee.................
Utah..-..........................
Virginia........................
Washington................
West Virginia.............
Wisconsin....................
W yoming....................
Actions for injuries. (See
Injuries.)
Actions for wages. (See
Suits for wages.)
Advances made by em
ployers. ( See Employ
ers’ advances, etc.)
Aeronauts, examination,
etc., of, digest of law re
lating to...........................
Age not ground for dis
charge:
Colorado......................
311,312
312,313
336
370
1059
1542
186
Accidents, provisions for:
449
180
186
220
244
307,308 244’
378
186
580-582 186
614
659,677
753
244*
831 166
932
982 166"
186
1070,1091
1243
1244,1266
1335
1362
1409 244
1447
1515 186
1575,1576
1620,1625 166*
1738
1803,1836
1837,1897
1955 244
2063
2065-2067
2113,2120
2172,2173
2205,2206 244*
2251 186
244
2284
2341
143
334
Bulletin
No. 148.
i
71
” **84*94
119
149
’ *169^171
67
..........132
186
242
283,284
..........193
311,312
..........351
404
357
Page.
Age of employment of
children. (See C h i 1dren, etc.)
Age of employment of tel
egraph operators on rail
roads. (Sec Telegraph
operators, etc.)
Agents, emigrant. (See
Emigrant agents.)
Aid societies. (See Bene
fit societies.)
Air, compressed, work in.
(See Compressed air.)
Air space required in
workrooms:
Arizona........................
Delaware.....................
Illinois..........................
Indiana........................
Maryland....................
Michigan......................
Minnesota...................
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
211
244
116
568,569
648
918 i.66* “ 163*104
1069
1120
1141,1142
New Jersey.................
1390 244
237
New York.................... 1509,1518
Pennsylvania............. 1839,1847 186* ..........339
Porto Rico...................
1963
Tennessee....................
is6* ..........382
Wisconsin....................
2264 186
433
2266,2321
(See also Factories
and workrooms.)
Alien contract labor: «
Delaware......................
434
Hawaii.........................
495
Indiana........................
642
2152
Virgihia........................
Wyoming.....................
2331
United States............. 2414-2416 244
375-377
(See also C o o l i e
labor.)
Alien laborers, employ
ment of, in fisheries:
Alaska..........................
185,1C6
Washington................
186
397
Alien laborers, protection
of:
405
Connecticut.................
Hawaii.........................
505
New York................... 1531,1532
Pennsylvania.............
186
337
Wyoming....................
2347
Aliens, employers of, to
deduct taxes f r o m
wages:
Pennsylvania............. 1844,1845
Aliens, employment of:
Arizona........................
186
75
Aliens, employment of,
on public w'orks:
Arizona........................
196,197
California.....................
261,277 186
89,90
Hawaii.........................
496,502
Idaho............................
507,519
Massachusetts.............
967
New Jersey...................
1386
New York................... 1479,1480 186
251
Pennsylvania............. 1838,1839
Wyoming....................
2328
(See also Chinese, em
ployment of: Pub
lic works, prefer
ence of resident la
borers on.)
American Museum of
Safety:
New York...................
1561 166
186
Antitrust act:
New Hampshire........
244
226
Texas............................ 2094, 2095
!
United States............. 2402-2404
125
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Antitrust act, exclusions
from:
California.....................
Louisiana....................
Massachusetts.............
Montana......................
New Hampshire........
United States.............
Appliances, safety, in fac
tories. (See Guards for
dangerous machinery.)
Appliances, safety, on
railroads. (See Rail
roads, safety appliances
on.)
Apprentice laws, digest of.
Arbitration and media
tion:
Alabama......................
Alaska..........................
Arkansas......................
California.....................
Colorado.......................
Connecticut.................
Illinois..........................
Indiana........................
Iowa.............................
Kansas..........................
Louisiana.....................
Maine............................
Maryland....................
Massachusetts.............
Michigan......................
Minnesota....................
Missouri........................
Montana......................
N ebraska.....................
Nevada........................
New Hampshire........
New Jersey.................
New York...................
Ohio..............................
No.
Page.
290
840
166
1051 244
1237
1238,1244
244
2284
166
186
142
196
226
235,236
439
9-27
163-165
190-192
259
277,278
333
408,409
493
507
513-517
535-538
634-638
761-763
765,766
837-839
879-881
893,894
903-905
963-966
Page.
Assignment of wages:
Alabama......................
Arkansas......................
California.....................
Colorado......................
Connecticut................
Delaware..... .................
Georgia.........................
Illinois..........................
Indiana........................
Iowa..............................
Kentucky....................
Louisiana....................
Maine........................
Maryland.....................
Massachusetts.............
Michigan......................
Minnesota..... ..............
Mississippi...................
Missouri.......................
Montana......................
Nebraska.....................
186
113-118
244
131,133
244
186
142,143
154-157
213
63,64
136
166
193-196
186
1099,i io o
1173-1175
1223-1225
1308-1310
1322-1324
1367,1368 244
225
1373
1529,1530
1605-1609
1658-1661
Oklahoma.................... 1703,1704
1709,1710
Pennsylvania............. 1925,1926
Philippine Islands. . .
198
1946 166
302
244
South Carolina...........
137,138
213
Texas............................ 207i-2073
Utah
........................ 2105-2108 244 " *340,34i
Vermont .................... 2147-2150 186
395
Washington................. 2196,2197
Wisconsin....................
2297
W yoming....................
2328
United States............. 2440/2445
Armed guards, hiring:
Alaska ........................
188,189
231,232
Arkansas......................
Colorado......................
364,365
Illinois ........................
551
Massachusetts.............
969,970
Missouri.......................
1164
Oklahoma....................
1720
Tennessee.................... 2056,2057
W ashington................
2184
Wisconsin....................
2308
( See also Industrial
police.)
Bulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Nevada........................
New Hampshire. . . .
New Jersey.................
New York...................
Ohio.............................
Pennsylvania.............
Rhode Island..............
Tennessee....................
•Texas............................
Utah.............................
Vermont......................
Virginia........................
W ashington.................
Wisconsin....................
Wyoming....................
(See also Payment of
wages; Wage bro
kers.)
Assignments of claims to
avoid exemption laws.
(See Exemption of
wages.)
Associations,cooperative,
list of laws relating to . .
Associations of employees.
(See Benefit societies.)
Attachment of wages:
Connecticut.................
Pennsylvania ...........
Attorneys’ fees in suits
for wages. (See Suits
for wages.)
165
250
265
350,351
411
434
485
621,622
639
640,663
676,677
738
834,835
851,862
874,875
894,895
984^986
987,1010
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
244
99,100
244
155
257’ .............41
51,52
213
182
244
51
257
71,74
213
186
1112,1121 244
1133,1134
166
1202
1246,1247
1287-1290 186
244
1356
1374-1376 166
1398,1399
1479,1552 166
191-193
205
145
217
219-222
224
153-155
174
187-190
301-304
1672,1673 186
1825
1864,1926
1985,1986
322
2034 244
386-388
186
335
244
2135-2137
257" ..........i i o
2190
2292 1.86* ..........424
2332
87-92
397
1824
B.
Badges, employees’:
New York...................
Badges, etc., of labor or
ganizations. (See La
bor organizations, etc.).
Bakeries, hours of labor
in. (See Hours of la
bor.)
Bakeries, inspection, etc.,
of. ( See Inspection,
i
etc.).
257
78
126
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 143.
Pago.
No.
Page.
Bankruptcy:
2406,2407
Barber shops, inspection
of. (See Inspection,
etc., of barber shops.)
Barbers,
examination,
etc., of,digest of laws
relating to.......................
127-132 166
186
244
8
9,10
9,145
Barrooms2 payment of
wages m . (See Pay
ment of wages in bar
rooms.)
Basements. (See Cellars,
etc.)
Benefit societies:
1060
Ohio ............................
1603
Philippine Islands___ 1941,1942
(See also Relief de
partments.)
Benefit societies, forced
contributions for. (See
Forced contributions.)
Blacklisting:
154,155
196 186
228,229
Arkansas
243
California.....................
275
Colorado......................
324
Connecticut.................
417
422,423
Florida........................
466
Illinois ........................
539
Indiana........................
641,642
Iowa.............................
743
Kansas.........................
773
Minnesota....................
1097
1107,1108
Mississippi
1149,1150
Missouri
1165
Montana
1230,1239
Nevada........................
1341 186
New M exico
1441,1442
North Carolina...........
1575
North Dakota
1583,1591
Oklahoma
1721
Oregon.........................
1750
Texas..........................
2073-2075
2092,2093
Utah............................. 2105,2109
Virginia
2158
Washington
2190,2191
Wisconsin
2308
(See also Discharge,
statement of cause
of;
Interference
with employment,
and cross refer
ences.)
Blasting in mines. (See
Mine regulations.)
Boarding houses. (See
Lodging houses.)
Boarding or commissary
cars, taxation of:
Mississippi..................
213
73,74
.............
..........
..............
...........
......
........
............
230,231
Oklahoma....................
Page.
Boilers, steam, inspection
of. (See Inspection,
etc.)
Bonds, contractors’, list
of laws relating t o ........
Bonds of employees:
Arizona........................
Arkansas......................
California ...................
Florida.........................
Georgia........................
Idaho ........................
Louisiana ...................
Massachusetts.............
Mississippi...................
Missouri ...................
New Mexico................
North Carolina...........
Oklahoma....................
Virginia........................
West Virginia.............
Bonuses. (See Efficiency
tests and bonuses.)
Boycotting:
Alabama......................
Colorado.......................
Illinois..........................
Indiana........................
Texas ..........................
United States.............
(See also Interference
with employment,
and cross refer
ences.)
B r a k e m e n , sufficient
number of. (See Rail
road trains, sufficient
crew required on.)
Brakes on railroad trains.
(See Railroads, safety
appliances on.)
Bribery, etc., of employ
ees:
California.....................
Connecticut
Indiana
Iowa
Maine
Maryland...........
Massachusetts.............
Michigan......................
Montana ...............
Nebraska
Nevada
New Jersey.................
New Y ork
North Carolina...........
No.
Page.
76-79
213,214
251,252
244
476,477
494
533
865,866 257
968
166
1205,1206
1435
1577,1578
1704,1705
166
186
74
45
146,147
209,210
417,418
154,155
324
539
632,633
2095,2099
i66*
*’ 235,’ 236
186
411,412 244
668,669
743,744
876
257
968,969
1054,1055
244
1318,1319
1342,1343
1377
|
1543
1
1581,1582
Rhode Islan d............. 1987,1988
South Carolina........... 2000,2001
Virginia......................
2162
Washington................
2181
W isconsin................... 2308,2309
..........
.... .......
..................
................
.....
87,88
110
51
211
Bribery of representa
tives of labor organiza
tions:
Nevada........................
New Jersey ..........
81
New York
...........
Bricklayers’ certificates:
Wisconsin___________
Brickyards, hours of la
bor of employees in:
New York
...........
1723
Bulletin.
...
............
..............
...........
..............
.........
............
Boards of arbitration, etc.
(See Arbitration of la
bor disputes.)
Boatmen. (See Seamen.)
Boilers, creating an un
safe amount of steam in.
(See Negligence of op
erators, etc.)
Boilers, entering under
pressure:
Bulletin.
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Bridges over railroad
tracks. (See Railroad
tracks, etc.)
Buildings, protection of
employees on. ( See
Protection of employecs, etc.)
1343
1406
1542,1543
244
1476
1477,1548
363
127
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Bureau, Children-’s:
Bureau of labor:
Arkansas....................
Connecticut................
Delaware....................
Georgia.......................
Hawaii........................
Trjabo.........
Illinois........................
Tnciiaim....
Iow a............................
Kansas........................
Kentucky...................
T.rmisiana , . . . . . .
Mninfi
Maryland...................
Massachusetts............
Michigan.....................
Minnesota...................
Missouri......................
Montana.....................
Nebraska....................
N evada.......................
New Hampshire........
New Jersey.................
New Y ork. . .........
North Carolina._____
North D akota............
Ohio............................
Oklahoma..................
Oregon........................
Pennsylvania.............
Philippine Isla n d s...
Porto Rico.................
Rhode Island.............
South Carolina..........
South Dakota............
Tennessee...................
T exas..........................
U tah...........................
Vermont.....................
Virginia.................
W ashington...............
Bulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
2131
257-259 9A4
284-286
306 244
331-334 186
244
405 186
244
186
492-494 244
495
499-501
504-506
507
512,513
565,566 244
69
90,92
78,79
105-118
99
122
109
123,124
131
139-143
146
650,651 186
151,152
159
244
160
724-726 186
163
796-798 244
166,167
803,804
809-812 ?13
49
849 166
90,91
852,853 257
48
878,879 186
180,181
884-887
903-905 2 1 3
62-65
961,662 166
132
1015-1017 213
76
1061-1063 186
190
1073 m
196
1126 244
201
1134,1138
1170,1171
1217
1271,1.272
1290,1291
i.8 6 * * *23i-233
224
244
1358,1359 244
225-229
1366-1368
1385,1386 166
158
1392,1393 186
241,242
1417,1418
246,247
83-85
213
233,234
244
.257
74,75
1482-1490 166
174-176
1532 186
260-266
257 78,79,81
1567,1568 186
296
1583,1584
1605,1663
1703,1708
1709,1742
1750-1752 186
317
1921-1926 186
319,320
329,331
332,337
338
244
277,278
1945-1947 166
198
186
363
244
301-303
1959-1961 244
305,313
1975
1991-1994
2023-2025
2029-2031
2077-2079
2096,2097
2 1 2 1 ,2 1 2 2 186
393
2129,2130
244
347,348
2151 166
2 1 1 ,2 1 2
2155,2156
2187-2189
Page.
Bureau of Labor—Con.
West Virginia............
W vom ing...................
United States............
(See also Commission,
industrial, etc.)
Bureau of mines:
Arizona.......................
Colorado.....................
Illinois.........................
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
2233,2234 186
244
2353,2354 257
2411-2413
2434
2438-2440
416,417
371-373
119,120
186
73
335-341
K entucky...................
244* "*139,140
143-145
166
53-56
257
39-41
Louisiana...................
863
Missouri......................
1191
Pennsyl vani a ............. 1831-1834 186
1933
Tennessee................... 2029-2031
Virginia......................
2160
West Virginia
2243-2245 186
United States............ 2426,2127
(See also Mine regula
tions.)
Bureau of public print
ing. (See Public print
ing office.)
335
399-401
C.
Caissons, etc., work in.
(See Compressed air,
work in.)
Camps, labor. (See
Labor camps.)
Candidates for office, pro
tection o! employees as:
W yoming...................
Canneries, employment
of women in:
California....................
2322
213
244
New Y ork..................
1561
Cannery inspector. (See
Inspector, cannery.)
Cause of discharge. (See
Discharge, statement of
cause of.)
Cellars and basements,
use of:
California....................
278
Illinois.
561 186
Michigan..........
1071
Minnesota
1119
New Jersey .
1418
New Y ork.................. 1523,1524
Ohio.................
1649
Oklahoma..................
1741
Pennsylvania...........
186
Wisconsin................... 2262,2266
Certificates, employers7.
(See Employers" certifi
cates.)
Charges, false, against
railroad
employees.
(See Railroad employ
ees, etc.)
Chauffeurs, examination,
etc., of, digest of laws
relating to
132-135 166
1 Qt
C
ioO
244
257
C hecks, p a y m e n t of
wages in. (See Pay
ment of wages in scrip.)
Child labor commission:
Delaware....................
438,439 186
29-32
92-95
145
359,360
1 5
/, e
10
9,10
9
123
128
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Child labor, n ational
committee on, incorpo
ration of:
C h ild b e a r in g women,
employm ent of. (See
Women, childbearing.)
Children and women,
commission on employ
ment of:
Children and women,
commission on employ
ment of, digest of laws
Idaho..........................
Illinois........................
Indiana.......................
-low a ............................
Kansas........................
K entucky..............
No.
Page.
Page.
Children, employed, cer
tificates, registers, etc.,
of—Concluded.
Louisiana...................
Maine..........................
2416,2417
Maryland....................
257
149
Children and women,
employment of, in base
ments:
New Y ork.................. 1535,1536
Children and women, em
ploym ent of, in mines:
183
236
381
615
663
932,933
1189
1526
1704
1791,1805
1899,1900
2105,2108
Utah .
Vermont
...
2173
Virginia ..................
2203
W ashington................
2252
West V irginia...........
2327,2330
W vomine
(See also Children,
etc.; Women, etc.)
Children and women,
wages of:
986
Massachusetts..
(See also Earnings of
married w o m e n ;
Earnings of minors;
Minimum wages;
Women, wages of.)
Children, corporal pun
ishment of, by employ
ers, etc.:
484
G e o r g ia .....................
1955
Porto Rico ..............
Children, earnings of.
( Se e E a r n i n g s of
minors.)
Children, employed, cer
tificates, registers, etc.,
of:
161
Alabama.....................
199-202
Arizona.......................
248
Arkansas....................
279-283
California....................
353-358
Colorado
419
Connecticut................
420,425
442-449
Delaware....................
D istrict of Colum bia..
Florida........................
Georgia.......................
Bulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
45
Massachusetts............
349
244
186
352
406,407
186
60-62
186
186
82,83
94-99
244
107
186
244
125
119-124
453-455
472,473
31,32
484,485 166
41
213
531
542-549 244* ’ 148^152
645
707,708
161,162
727 186
164-166
791 244
827 166
33-35
828,832
No.
857-860 : 13
2
870-872 186
244
901,902 166
907-910 213
N ew Y ork.................. 1457,1458
1490-1494
1533-1535
N orth Carolina........... 1578,1579
North Dakota............ 1596-1598
Ohio............................ 1667,1668
1674-1677
1695-1698
Oklahoma.................. 1713-1715
Oregon........................ 1753,1754
Pennsylvania.............
1791
1805,1846
1859-1862
1962
Porto R ico.................
Rhode Island............. 1968-1970
Page.
186
51
178-180
177,178
123,124
56-61
64,69
126,133
184
71-73
75,76
196-198
166
148,149
953 166
973-979 186
213
Michigan.................... 1063-1066
1115
Minnesota...................
1116,1118
M ississippi.................. 1150,1151
Missouri...................... 1156-1158
1218
Montana.....................
1219,1229
1275,1276
N ebraska.................... 1293-1297
1355
N ew H am pshire........
1363-1365
1387
N ew Jersey.................
1388,1407
1428,1429
244
Bulletin.
186
235
1 66
162-166
168-170
85,86
74
93-96
248,249
87
295
213
257
213
244
257
186
166
191-193
195
244
269,270
186
320
322-326
368^370
186
133-136
213
South Carolina........... 1994,2002 244
317
South Dakota............
2026
Tennessee...................
2060 244
323
T exas..........................
328
244
U tah............................ 2131,2132
Verm ont..................... 2141,2142 244
349,350
Virginia.......................
2163 166
213
105,106
257
W ashington................ 2185,2191
West Virginia............ 2231,2232
W isconsin...................
2269 244' ' 364-^366
2272-2276
2278-2280
Children, e m p l o y e d ,
schools for:
Alabama.....................
163
Massachusetts............ 1018,1019
Pennsylvania.............
321
186
W isco nsin ....................
2275 186
423
244
366,367
Children employed, seats
for. (See Seats for em
ployed children.)
Children, employment of,
age lim it for:
Alabama.....................
160 186
59
Arizona.......................
195
197-202
247,248 186
81
Arkansas....................
California....................
279,281 186
94,96
Colorado.....................
325,352
401
Connecticut................
419-421
Delaware...............
440 244
118,124
441,445
District of C olum bia..
452
129
CUMULATIVE IHDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Children, employment of,
age lim it for—Contd.
Florida.......................
Georgia.......................
Idaho..........................
Illinois.........................
Indiana.......................
Kansas........................
Maine. ______ _ ______
Maryland ............
Massachusetts............
Michigan.....................
Minnesota T _______
,
M ississippi. ________
Missouri____ _______
Montana.....................
N evada.......................
New H am pshire... T
_
'W Jersey................
'ew
^Tew Y ork..................
North Carolina...........
North Dakota............
Ohio............................
Oklahoma..................
Oregon........................
Pennsylvania.............
472
484
530
542,546
645
692,693
727
790,791
827
857
870,877
906
No.
31,32
244
148
186
244
166
166
186
?13
257
973 166
1063 186
1115-1118
1150 166
1155
1228
1293
1344
1345,1348
1363
1386 166
1406,1407
160
164
33
186
H a w a ii........ .............
Idaho .........................
Illinois.........................
Florida........................
Georgia.......................
Indiana ...............
155
166-168
170
low si...........................
295
K entucky...................
Kansas........................
Louisiana...................
Maine .............. ..........
213
137
186
244
T exas.......................... 2097,2098 244
U tah............................ 2131,2132 186
Verm ont.....................
2135 244
Virginia....................... 2158,2163 166
257
W ashington................
2191 244
West Virginia............
2231
W isconsin................... 2270-2272
2278
U nited States............
213
(See also Children and
women, employ
ment of, in mines;
Children employed,
certificates, regis
ters, etc.? of; Chil
dren of widows, de
pendent parents.,
etc.)
Children, employment of,
as messengers. (See
Children, employment
of, in street trades.)
Children, employm ent
of, fraud in:
1565
North Carolina...........
Children, employment of,
general provisions for:
Alabama.....................
160-163 186
Arizona.............. . ......
197-202
229
Arkansas...................
247,248 186
252,253 244
383
323
327
393
348
Delaware....................
148
313
133
106407°— 19-------9
Connecticut................
District of Colum bia..
244
213
South Carolina...........
South Dakota............
Tennessee...................
Colorado.....................
No.
Page.
279,283
289,290
292
324,325
352-358
399,400
419-421
440-449
186
244
94-100
75,76,80
244
107-110
186
244
125
118-124
88
321
Porto R ico..................
Rhode Island.............
Children, employm ent of,
general provisions for—
Continued.
California....................
178
55,56
51
133
196,198
186
Maryland....................
Massachusetts............
Michigan.. . . .
M innesota.. . . __*___
21 2
105
354
B ulletin.
Page.
Page.
166
1457
1490,1533
1572,1578
1583,1596
1674
1696-1700
1704,1712
1752
1761,1769
1791,1845
1858,1860
1962-1964
1967
1968,1980
2001,2007
2019,2026
2060
B ulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
452-455
458,459
470 186
472-476
484,485 166
213
496,497
530-532
542-547 244
580
644-646
692,693
707,708
727,728 186
737,738
790,791 186
795,796 244
809 166
827,832 213
257
857,860 166
213
867 186
869-872 244
900-903 166
906-915 213
941,942
971,979
1018,1019
1030,1031
1035-1039
1054
1063-1066
1105
1115-1118
257
166
186
213
244
257
186
244
129
31,32
41
148-154
160-162
171-175
164-166
174
33-38
47
42,43
87,88
51,53
178-180
177,178
123,124
55-61
65,69
51
133
184
71-73
187
55
196-198
196,199
1 1 2 1 ,1 1 2 2
1144 166
1150,1151 257
Missouri...................... 1155-1158
Mississippi..................
148,149
61
1 2 0 0 ,1 2 0 1
151
M ontana.................... 1218,1219
1222,1223
1228,1229
1275,1276
Nebraska.................... 1293-1298
1316,1317
N evada....................... 1326,1327
1348-1350
N ew H am pshire........ 1363-1365 186
N ew Jersey................. 1386-1388
1406-1409
1427-1429
N ew Y ork.................. 1455-1458
59-64
81-83
70,71
244
166
186
257
186
213
244
9^7
aD
(
186
244
244
166
North Carolina........... 1565,1566
1572,1581
North Dakota............ 1596-1599
Ohio............................ 1667,1668
1674-1677
1695-1701
Oklahoma.................. 1712-1716 244
Oregon........................ 1752-1755 213
235
237,238
229,230
162-171
242
69
258
93-96
248-251
Q
1
ox
295
255
258,259
191-193
195
269,270
117
118,121
12% 127
130
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
No.
Children, employm ent of,
general provisions for—
Concluded.
Pennsylvania______ 1845,1846 186
1857-1862
1864,1865
Porto Rico.................. 1962-1964 244
Rhode Isla n d ............ 1967-1971 186
213
South Carolina........... 2 0 0 1 ,2 0 0 2 186
244
2025,2026
................... 2060-2063 186
Tennessee
244
T exas.......................... 2097,2098 186
2 1 0 0 ,2 1 0 1 244
U t a h .......................... 2131,2132 ?44
2135 186
2141,2142 ?M
166
9^7
2185 186
2231,2232
2255,2256 186
944
(See also Children and
women, etc.)
Children, employm ent of,
in barrooms, etc.:
A la s k a __. . . . . . . . . . .
Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Colorado . . . . . . . . .
Connecticut................
Delaware .. ...............
Florida ____ ______
H a w a ii.____________
Idaho..........................
Indiana......................
K entucky...................
Louisiana__________
Maryland...................
Massachusetts............
186
213
187
198,211
352
423,424
445 244
474 186
501,502
532
630,693
166
213
900
911,919
944
945,1036
186
1117
1158
1338
1360
1384
1540
1700
1790
1963
1977
Page.
320-326
313
367-370
133-136
372,373
317
382,383
323
388,389
327,328
338
395
348-350
212-214
105-10?
397,398
422-424
364-367
437,438
151-153
119
129
36
54
Michigan....................
196
M innesota.................
Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 T vada.......................
Se
N ew H am pshire.__
_
N ew Jersey................
N ew Y ork..................
Ohio....... ........ ............
Pennsylvania_______
Porto R ico....... .
Rhode Island.............
South Dakota............
2011
T exas.......................... 2091,2092 244* ” 327,*328
U tah............................
2129 186
393
244
338
V e rm o n t.................... .
2139
210
Virpinia • _____ . . . .
166
2238
West Virginia______
W isconsin..................
2271
W vom ing...................
i 8 6 * ......... 437
Children, employm ent of,
in dangerous occupa
tions:
A labam a,...................
60
186
Arizona
. ....... .
195,198
2 0 0 ,2 0 1
Arkansas . . . . . . . . .
California. . . . . . . . . . . .
Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecticut.. . . . . . . . .
Delaware__________ _
Florida.......................
Illinois.........................
Bulletin.
No. 148.
Bulletin.
81,82
186
186
95,96
352,353
420,421 i 8 6 ......... i 2 0
441 244
118,119
442,445
474,475
152,153
546 244
Page.
Children, employm ent of,
in dangerous occupations—Concluded.
Indiana... ....................
I o w a ..............
Kansas .....................
K entucky...................
Louisiana...................
M aryland...................
Massachusetts______
Michigan.....................
Minnesota...................
Missouri. . . . . __
Montana....... .............
N ebraska...................
N ev a d a.....................
N ew Jersey.................
N ew Y o r k .................
North Dakota............
Ohio....... ....................
Oklahoma..................
Pennsylvania.............
Porto R ic o ......... ......
Rhode Island.............
South Carolina...........
South D akota.. . . . __
Tennessee............ ......
Texas______ _______
U tah............................
Verm ont_____ .« j . .
_
W ashington___. . . . . .
W est Virginia............
W isconsin___ ___ . . .
W yoming________. . .
Children,employment of,
in mendicant, acro
batic, immoral, etc., oc
cupations:
Arizona_______ _____
California.... ...............
Colorado_____ _ . . . .
_
Connecticut................
Delaware........ ...........
District of Columbia..
Florida.......................
Georgia......................
Idaho.............. .
Illinois........................
Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Iow a....... .
Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . .
Kentucky...................
Louisiana .............. .
Maine..........................
Maryland____. . . ___
Massachusetts............
Michigan .. . . . . . .
Minnesota.................Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . .
Montana.....................
N ebraska....................
N e vada......................
New Hampshire........
New Jersey................
New Y ork..................
North D a k o ta ........
Ohio................. . ........
Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . .
Pen n sylvan ia............
Bulletin.
No.
647
692,693.
727,740 186
791 244
809 166
829,830
859,861
906
907,911
978
1035,1036
1065
1117
1129,1130
1158,1179
1228
1298
1348,1349
1390 . 166
Page.
161
164
35,36
168
169,171
242
186
1512,1513 213
93
1598
1698-1700
1713
1787,1802 186* * *321. *322
1845,1858 244
298
244
313
1971
1994,2002
2026
2060
2097,2098 244* ......... 328
393
2131 186
244
338
2141
2191 244* ......... 354
2238
2269-2271
186
437
198,200 !
271,272
352,353
398 186
431 244
451
469
491,492
531,532
540 244
630
692,693
727
791,79 2
812,813
863-865
877 :
919,920
978,979
1046,1065
1105,1117
1165,1166
1238
1298
1344
1356,1357
1383,1384 186
1543,1544 213
1598
1695
1712,1713
1790,1791
1857,1858
119
119
153
242
93,94
131
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
No.
Page.
1955
1957,1963
Rhode Islan d ............. 1982,1983
Texas.......................... 2097,2098
U tah............................
2131
Virginia...................... 2159,2160
2181
W ashington...............
W est Virginia............ 2237,2238
2271
W isconsin___
2272,2309
2330
W yoming...................
(See also Children,
employm ent of, in
dangerous occupa
tions.)
Children, employm ent of,
in mines:
Alaska....... .
198,226
Arizona.......................
California...................
323,353
Colorado.....................
441
D e la w a re .................
507
Idaho..........................
Illin ois.........................
630
Indiana.......................
Iowa............................
727
Kansas........................
781,790
K entu ck y...............
827
Louisiana...................
857
Maryland...................
907
Michigan....................
1063
M innesota..................
1115
Montana..................... 1217,1229
1344
N evada.......................
New Jersey................
1384
New M exico...............
1433
North Carolina..........
1568
North D akota............ 1583,1596
Ohio............................
1629
1698,1700
Oklahoma.................. 1704,1715
P ennsylvania............. 1860-1862
South D akota............ 2010,2026
Tennessee...................
2060
T exas..........................
2098
U ta h ............................
Vermont.....................
V irginia............. .
2163
W isconsin..................
2270
U nited S ta tes............
2410
(See also Children and
women, etc.)
Children, employm ent of,
in street trades:
Alabam a.....................
244
313
944
244
327,328
338
244
354
186
437
186
70
186
95
244
153
186
166
160-162
164
35,36
166
166
9/|4
244* ' 327,328
338
244
348,349
244
212
166
186
59,60
62,63
201
186 96,99,166
109
244
119
446,447 244
455
472,474
492
160,161
186
36,37
166
859
897 166
93
59,60
911-914 213
75,76
Massachusetts............
942 213
943,1039 257
57
1036-1039
1118
M innesota..................
Missouri.....................
1158
N ew Ham pshire. . . . .
1363
1416
New Jersey................
Page.
Children, em ploym ent of,
in street trades—Con.
N ew Y o r k .................
Children, employment of,
in mendicant, acro
batic, immoral,etc.,oc
cupations—Concluded.
Porto R ico.................
Arizona.......................
California....................
Connecticut................
D elaw are....................
D istrict of Columbia Florida.......................
Georgia.......................
Iow a............................
K entucky. . . . . . . __
Louisiana...................
Maryland...................
Bulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
1538-1540 166
173,174
1544 257
80,81
1697
Ohio............................
Oklahoma..................
1713
Oregon........................
1755
322
P ennsylvania.............
186
1975 186
368-370
Rhode Islan d .............
South Carolina........... 2007,2008
T ennessee,..................
323
244
Texas
...........
327
244
U tah
2131,2132
V irginia......................
166’ ......... 213
106,107
257
W ashington...............
354
244
2270 257
W isconsin..................
1 1 1 ,1 1 2
2278-2280
W yom ing...................
437
186
Children, hiring out, to
support parents in
idleness:
160
Alabama....... .............
491
Georgia......................
850
Louisiana...................
1149
M ississippi.
.......
1566
North Carolina..........
2957
T en nessee..................
2092
Texas
....................
V irginia...................... 2152,2158
Children, hours of labor
of:
160 186
59
Alabama.....................
195,201
Arizona......................
248 186
Arkansas. . . . . . . . . __
82
279 186
96
C alifornia.... . . . .
30
213
356
Colorado.....................
417,418 244
109
C onnecticut................
445 244
122
Delaware. . . . . .
454
District of Columbia.
473,474
Florida.......................
483,484
Georgia.......................
531
Idaho_____ . . . . . . . . . .
542,545 244’ i48, i52
Illinois
.........
644,645
Indiana....... ..............
664,692
161
727 186
Iow a......................... .
791 186
K ansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1J71-175
K entucky. . . . . . . . . . .
829 166
35
859 213
Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . .
53
Maine.........................
869 186
181,182
Maryland....................
905 213
61,65
906,916
971,972 186
Massachusetts............
183
1000,1036 213
75
55
257
M ichigan.................... 1011,1063 186
196
1116
M innesota........ .........
1150 166
Mississippi..................
148
Missouri......................
1155
1296
Nebraska. . . . ............
1349
N evada.............. ........
237,238
N ew Ham pshire. . . . 1355,1363 186
1370,1371 244
229,230
N ew Jersey................ 1388,1407 166
169,170
1494 166
N ew Y ork..................
181,182
1495,1533
1572 186
North Carolina..........
295
North D akota............ 1593,1598
1697
Ohio.........................
Oklahoma..................
1713
1752 186
Oregon.......................
311
118
213
126,127
1827 186
321
Pennsylvania.............
1858-1861
.........
Porto R ico.................. 1955.1962
367
Rhode Islan d ............. 1984,1985 1186 I
132
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
No.
Page.
Children, hours of labor
of—Concluded.
2001
South D akota.......... - 2025,2026
379
Tenmessee- -........ ...... 2057,2058 186
2062,2063
380,383
?44
323
327
?44
U tah............................
2132 ?44
338
2135,2145 ?44
348,349
2157,2158 166
210,213
257
105
W ashington .........
186
397,398
?44
351,353
W isconsin.................. 2266,2275 944
365
Wyoming
186
437
U nited States............
213
151
(See also Hours of la
bor in general em
ploym ents.)
Children, illiterate, em
ploym ent of:
Arkansas....................
248
Colorado.....................
325
399,400
Connecticut................
Delaware....................
444
453
D istrict of Colum bia484
Georgia.......................
531
Idaho..........................
545
Illinois.........................
645
Indiana.......................
Kansas........................
781
Maryland....................
902,909
932,933
974,975
Massachusetts............
1018,1019
Michigan....................
1065
Minnesota...................
1116
Missouri............... .......
1156
Montana.....................
1218
1219,1276
Nebraska....................
1294
New Hampshire........
1363
New Y ork..................
1492 257
79,80
North D akota............
1597
Ohio............................
1695
Oklahoma...................
1713
Oregon........................
1753
Pennsylvania............. 1860,1862
Rhode Islan d.............
1968
Vermont.....................
2135
W isconsin...................
2273 257
111
Children, medical, etc.,
certificates for. (See
Children,
employed,
certificates, etc., for.)
Children, night work
by:
Alabama.....................
160,161 186
59
Arizona.......................
20 1
Arkansas.....................
248 186_ ...........82
California....................
96
279,299 186
Colorado.....................
352,356
Connecticut................
418 244 ......... io9
Delaware....................
445 244
122
District of C olum bia.
452,454
474
Florida........................
484,492 166"
3i, 32
Georgia.......................
506
H aw aii........................
Idaho.......................... '
530
Illinois.........................
542,545 244* ‘ "148,152
Indiana.......................
645,692
Iow a............................
727 186
161
Kansas........................
791 244
164
Kentucky...................
829 166
35-37
Louisiana...................
859 213
53
Maine..........................
186
181
B ulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Page.
Children, night work
by—Concluded.
Maryland....................
Massachusetts............
Michigan.....................
Minnesota...................
M ississippi..................
Missouri......................
Nebraska....................
N evada.......................
New H am pshire........
897
972,1009
1036,1037
1063
1116
1150
1155
1296
1349
1363,1370
New Jersey................. 1388,1407
1416,1419
N ew Y ork.................. 1494,1533
N orth Carolina........... 1572,1578
North D akota............
1598
1697
Ohio............................
1713
Oklahoma...................
Oregon........................ 1752,1755
Pennsylvania............. 1859,1861
Rhode Islan d ............. 1968,1975
a
n
O A zU m
A 1 A *7
zUUl, O A
I
2060
Utah
2131,2132
V Q *rnnnf
T
2135
Virginia--- . . . . . . . . . .
2158
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
213
244
61
188
166
148
186" ......... 237
244
230
166
169,170
166
186
213
186
186
213
244*
182
295
118,127
321
369
133
QQ
O
oZo
244
348
166
212,213
257
105
Wasmngton...............
2186 244
353
W isconsin...................
2270 244
365
2275,2279
TTni+Arl SfofoQ
213
151
Children of widows, de
pendent parents, etc.:
Arkansas.....................
248
PQllfAmiO
279
PaIato c r
\\
324
Delaware............... .
122
448 244
District of C olum bia.
453
Georgia.......................
484 166"
§1,32
Michigan.....................
1064 244
196
1078,1079
Montana.............. ......
1276
"T
NAhrQclro
1316,1317
165
166
1581
1596
Ohio
1677
2026
T gxes
244" *327*328
Virginia.......................
2163
W ashington................
2191
(See also Mothers’
pensions.)
Children, school attend
ance by. (See Children,
employm ent of, general
provisions.)
Children, seats for. (See
Seats for employed
children.)
C h i l d r e n , vocational
training for. (See Vo
cational training.)
Children, wages of. (See
Earnings of minors.)
Children. ( S e e a l s o
Children and women.)
Children’s Bureau:
United States............
2431
Chinese, employment of:
261
California....................
1230
M ontana.....................
N evada.......................
1327
Oregon........................
1764
United States............. 2356,2412
133
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
Chinese, exclusion, regis
tration, etc., of:
Hawaii........................
Philippine I sla n d s...
495,496
1939
1942-1944
United States............. 2355-2360
2411,2412
Chinese labor, products
of, not to be bought by
State officials:
California....................
263
Cigarfactories, regulation
of:
M aryland...................
W isconsin...................
2266
Citizens to be employed.
(See Aliens, employ
ment of; Public works,
preference of resident
laborers on.)
Civil service:
Colorado.....................
326
849
941
Massachusetts............
Missouri . . . . ............
1215
New Jersey................. 1376,1402
1417,1418
New Y ork.................. 1453,1454
O hio............................
1604
Pennsylvania_______ 1850,1851
1856,1857
W isconsin...................
2257
Clearance cards.
(See
Service letters.)
Coal mined within State,
use of, in public build
ings. (See Public sup
plies.)
Coalmines. (Set Mines.)
Coercion of employees in
trading, etc.:
Alaska........................
187
California....................
Colorado.....................
346,347
Florida.......................
468,469
529
Idaho..........................
Tndisynft.......................
640,641
735
Iow a............................
K entucky...................
821
Louisiana...................
Maryland...................
920
Massachusetts. . .
967
Michigan....................
1050
Montana.....................
1239
N evada....................... 1342,1343
New Jersey
.........
1398
N ew Mexico
___ .
1438
Ohio ...........................
1693
Oregon........................ 1749,1750
Philippine Islands. . .
1950
1954
Porto R ico.................
T exas..........................
2093
U ta h ........................... 2125,2129
W ashington...............
2190
2214,2215
2235
W est Virginia............
(See also Company
stores.)
Coercion. (See Intim ida
tion; Protection of em
ployees, etc.)
Collection of statistics.
(See Bureau of labor.).
Color blindness of rail
road employees. (See
Examination, etc., of
railroad employees.)
166
93,94
166
131
244
75
213
53
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Bulletin.
No.
Pago.
Combination, right of.
(See Conspiracy, labor
agreements not; Pro
tection of employees as
members of labor or
ganizations.)
Combinations
to
fix
wages, etc.:
850,851
Louisiana...................
Commerce and Labor,
Department of:
United States............ 2412,2413
Commission, employers’
liability:
N ew Jersey................ 1414,1415
Commission, industrial,
etc.:
304 244
76,77
California....................
316-321
81-85
105-118
186
Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . .
100-105
244
137
244
Idaho............ .*............
244
139-143
Illinois
___. . . .
Tndiqngj........................
151,152
186
186
Kansas........................
171-175
166
135
Massachusetts............
210-215
186
M ontana.....................
213
244
260-266
N ew Y ork.................. 1484-1486 186
1496,1500
1506,1516
1524
301,305
Ohio............................ 1604-1615 186
244
261
Oregon........................ 1775-1780
P ennsylvania............. 1923,1924 186~ '*3i9*320
277,278
244
338-346
244
U ta h ...........................
425
W isconsin................... 2255,2268 186
2293-2302
Commission, industrial,
etc., orders of:
29-40
California....................
213
244
92-95
109,110
186
Colorado.....................
173,174
Kansas........................
244
78,79
Massachusetts............
213
244
191-193
213,215
186
Montana.....................
86-90
N ew Jersey................
213
244
240-243
263-266
N ew Y ork.................. 1561,1562 186
268-293
98-106
213
254
244
213
107-115
Ohio............................
117-127
Oregon........................
213
343-361
186
Pennsylvania............
244
286-299
352-354
244
W ashington...............
425-433
W isconsin.................. 2311-2325 186
367,368
244
Commission, labor. (See
Labor commission.)
Commission on convict
labor, digest of laws as
145
t o ...................................
Commission on cost of
living, digest of laws as
145
to ....................................
Commission on Employ
ers’ liability and work
m en’s compensation,
149,150
digest of laws as t o .......
Commission on employ
m ent offices, digest of
145
laws as t o .......................
134
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
No.
Commission on employ
m ent of women:
Illinois........................
Commission on employ
m ent of women and
children:
Louisiana...................
North D akota............
Commission on employ
m ent of women and
children, digest of laws
as t o ................................
Commission on factory
inspection, digest of
laws as t o .......................
Commission on health
insurance:
Connecticut................
Illinois........................
Massachusetts............
Ohio............................
Pennsylvania.............
Commission on homes for
w o r k in g m e n . (See
Homes ? etc.)
Commission on immigra
tion ? etc. (See Immi
gration etc.)
Commission on immigra
tion, digest of laws as to.
Commission on industrial
accidents, digest of law
as t o ...............................
Commission on industrial
relations, digest of law
as t o ...............................
Commission on labor on
public works, digest of
law as t o ........................
Commission on m ine reg
ulations:
Illinois........................
Maryland...................
Commission on m ine reg
ulations, etc., digest of
laws as t o .......................
Commission on m ini
m um wages, digest of
laws as t o .......................
Commission on minimum
wages:
Connecticut................
Commission on mothers’
pennons, digest of laws
as t o ................................
Commission on occupa
tional diseases, digest
of law s as to ...................
Commission on old-age
insurance and pensions:
New Jersey................
O hio............................
Penn sylvan ia............
Commission on old a^e
pensions, digest of laws
a s t o ................................
Commission, public wel
fare:
C onnecticut................
North D akota............
Commission on rates of
insurance for work
m en’s compensation:
M assachusetts............
Commission on social
insurance:
Connecticut................
Massachusetts............
W isconsin...................
Bulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Page.
154,155
45
258
149
145,146
108
147,148
191
262,263
285,2T“
146
146
146,147
147
156,157
94
147
147,148
108
148
148
240
12,263
285
148,149
108
258
166
143
108
77
3,364
367
Louisiana............
M aryland..
N ew J ersey ...
New Y ork.............
O h io........................
Pennsylvania.........
No.
Page.
244
Page.
Commission on unem
ploym ent, resolution as
to ...................................
Commission on woman
labor:
Illinois........................
Commissioner of labor.
(See Bureau of labor.)
Company doctors. (See
Physicians, e m p l o y
m ent of.)
Company stores:
California...................
Colorado. . . .
Connecticut............
Indiana.....................
Bulletin.
154,155
244
75
149
346,347
408
640
641,687
853
895,896
920,940
1397,1398
1479
1693
1791
1792,1817
2159
2235
Virginia.................
West Virginia
(See also Coercion of
employees in trad
ing; Paym ent of
wages in scrip.)
Complaints by railroad
employees:
Massachusetts............
949
Compressed-air-tanks:
213
39
California...................
135
Massachusetts............
1 02 2 166
Compressed air, work in:
155-158
166
New Jersey.................
New Y ork.................. 1526-1529
244’ * 281-283
Pennsylvania............
Compulsory work laws.
(See Labor, require
m ent of.)
Conciliation. (See Arbi
tration.)
Conspiracy against work
men:
Alabama.....................
154
Florida........................
469,470
Georgia.......................
488,489
H aw aii........................
498,499
Kansas........................
767
Minnesota...................
1104
Mississippi................
1144
N evada...................
1338
New Y ork..................
1545
North D a k o ta ..
1501
W ashington
2180
(See also Interference
w ith employment,
and cross refer
ences.)
Conspiracy, labor agree
m ents not:
California....................
276
Colorado............
334
M aryland..
916
142
166
Massachusetts............
205,206
Minnesota...................
1104 244
N evada.......................
1344
226
244
New Hampshire.......
New Jersey................
1400
New Y ork..................
1545
North D akota.........
1591
1720
Oklahoma..................
P ennsylvania............ 1787,1818
1953
Porto R ico..................
2079
T exas..........................
U tah............................
244
337
2252
West Virginia............
185
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Conspiracy. (See also In
terference; Intim ida
tion.)
Contract labor, alien.
(See Alien -contract
labor.)
Contract work on public
_ buildings and works:
~ California....................
Contractors’ bonds for
the protection of wages,
summary of laws re
quiring.................
Contractors’ debts, liabil
ity of stockholders for, !
list o f laws-determining.
Contracts of employees
waiving right to dam- :
ages:
Alabama.....................
Arizona.......................
California....................
Colorado.....................
..............
F lorid a..
Georgia.......................
Indiana......................
Iow a............................
Maine..........................
Massachusetts..........
M ichigan....................
M ississippi.................
Missouri.................
M ontana.....................
NphrftQlra
N evada.......................
New M exico...............
New Y ork..................
North Carolina..........
North D akota..........
O hio........................
Oklahoma........
Philippine Isla n d s...
South Carolina...........
T exas..........................
Virginia......................
Wisconsin...............
W yom ing...................
U nited States.
(See also Compensa
tion; L iability of
employers SMtojuries, etc.)
Contractsof employment,
regulation, etc., of.
(See Em ploym ent of
labor.)
Contracts of employment,
violation of, endanger
ing life:
N evada.......................
New Y ork..................
W ashington..............
Contracts of employment
with intent to defraud.(See Employers' ad
vances, r e p a y m e n t
-of.)
Contributions, f o r c e d .
(See Forced, contribu
tions.)
Bulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
Page.
Convict labor, commis
sions, etc., o n ................
; Convict labor, digest of
laws relating t o .............
263 186
102
77-79 166
186
?13
244
257
18 19
12.13
12.13
10
12
79
158
213
'241
266
323
477
481,483
643
644,665
666,689 . . . . ..............
720
878
990
1057
1143
1168
1217,1232
1242,1246
1312
1337
1433
1555
1577
1593
1667,1685
1704
1949
1991
2087,2088
2152,2154
2289,2290
2327,2328
2332,2352
2420
1340
1550
2182
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
145
99-127 166
186
213
244
257
Convict labor, employ- :
ment of, in mines:
Oklahoma.................. :
1737
Coolie labor:
;
California....................
261
N evada........................
1345
United States............ : 2355,2356
Cooperative association s,;
list of laws relating t o ..;
87-92 166
186
244
257
Cooperative, retirement, :
etc., funds:
!
Massachusetts............
993
Copyrights:
United S ta tes............ 2405,2406
Core rooms, employm ent :
of women in:
Massachusetts.._...___ 1 0 1 1 ,1 0 1 2
New Y ork..................
1513
Ohio..........................
213
Com huskers, guards on.
(See Guards for danger
ous machinery.)
Corporal punishment of
minor employees. (See
Children, corporal pun
ishm ent of, by em ploy
ers.)
Corporations, liab ility of
stockholders in, for
wage debts, list of laws
determining...................
79
Corporations, pensions for
employees of:
Pennsylvania............
1783
Corporations, profit shar
ing by. (See Profit
sharing.)
Corporations, restriction
of powers of:
Pennsylvania............. 1791,1792
Corporations, s p e c i a l
stock for employees of:
Massachusetts............
946 168
Cost of living, commisq ryn oto rvn
i
145*
Cost of living, investiga
tion of:
D istrict of Columbia
244
New Hampshire........
244
New Jersey................
244
Costs in suits for wages.
(See Suits for wages.)
Cotton bales, bands, ties,
etc., of:
Texas.......................... 2075,2076
Councils of defense, etc.,
industrial adjustments
by:
Delaware. . . ...........
257
L o u is ia n a .............
244
Maryland...................
244
N ew Mexico...............
244
W est Virginia.............
244
Councils of defease, etc.,
summary of provisions
244
257
Couplers, safety. (See
Railroads, safety appli
ances on.)
28
55-58
26,27
53-5?
24-26
26
45
49,50
23
214
141
127
226
240
29
175
183
246
358,359
37,38
2 0 ,2 1
136
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Crime, advocacy of.
Sabotage.)
No.
Page.
(See
D.
Damages for injuries.
(See Injuries; Liability
of employers.)
Damages, waiver of right
to. (See Contracts of
employees w a i v i n g
right to damages.)
Dangerous, injurious, etc.,
employments:
Illinois .......................
Massachusetts............
Oklahoma..................
198
203,204
389 186
186
978
1211-1214
1516 186
1668,1669
1698-1700
1712,1713
1934
2179
2269-2271
110
145,146
263
W ashington...............
Wisconsin...................
Days of rest for railroad
employees:
93
Maryland...................
166
140,141
Massachusetts............
166
(See also Weekly day
of rest.)
Deaf, division for, in bu
reau of labor:
Minnesota...................
1126
Death.
(See Injuries
causing death; Negli
gence, etc.)
Deceased employees, pay
m ent of wages due.
(See Paym ent of wages
due deceased employ
ees.)
Deception in employ
ment of labor.
(See
Employm ent of labor,
deception in.)
Department of Commerce
and Labor:
U nited States
2412,2413
Department of Labor.
(See Bureau of Labor.)
Department Qf Mines.
(See Bureau of Mines.)
Deserters, etc., employ
m ent of:
Ari 7,ATI ft
27
257
Discharge, etc., of em
ployees of public serv
ice corporations:
968
Massachusetts
Discharge, notice of in
tention to. (See Em
ploym ent, termination
of, notice of.)
Discharge of employees
on account of age:
334
Colorado.....................
Discharge, statem ent of
cause of; hearings:
Polifnmift
86
186
466,467
F lorida.......................
642,690 186" ......... ihi
In d ian a......................
195
244
Michigan
1160,1161
Missouri
Mnnfotid
1230
1292,1293
Nebraska
227
1341 186
N evada ......................
230,231
Bulletin.
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Page.
Bulletin.
No.
Discharge, statem ent of
cause of, hearings—Con.
2
1685 : 44
O hio............................
1721
Oklahoma..................
Oregon........................ 1771,1772
W isconsin...................
2308
(See also Blacklist
ing; Em ploym ent
of labor; Service
letters.)
Discharged employees,
paym ent of wa«:es due.
(See Paym ent of wages
due, etc.)
Discounting of wages.
(See Paym ent of wa<?es,
modes and tim es of.)
Diseased persons, em
ploym ent of:
186
Penn sylvan ia............
(See also Inspection
and regulation of
bakeries, etc.)
Diseases, occupational.
(See Occupational dis
eases.)
Docks, safety appliances
at:
1423
N ew Jersey.
Domestic products, pref
erence of, for public use.
(See Public supplies.)
Drinking
water. (See
Water for drinking, etc.)
Drug clerks, hours of la
bor of. (See Hours of
labor of drug clerks.)
, Dust, fumes, etc., pro
vision for. (See Fac
tories and workrooms,
ventilation of.)
Page.
264
328,32&
E.
Earnings of married wo
men, list of laws secur
79,80
ing the.
Earnings of minors:
265
California
521
Idaho..........................
738
Iow a............................
790
Kansas.. .
...
1096,1104
Minnesota .
1230
Montana.....................
1454
New Y ork. .
1586
North Dakota
1738
Oklahoma
1955
Porto Rico............
1997
South Carolina
South D a k o ta ...........
U tah............................
2157
Virginia......................
2185
W ashingt on
Eating in workrooms,
(See Food, taking into
certain workrooms.)
Education, industrial.
(See Vocational train
ing.)
Efficiency tests
and
bonuses:
186
United States............
244
Eight-hour day:
187,188 186
A laska........................
244
195-197
Arizona......................
205,206
203,215
216
433,440
382
65,66
53,60
137
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148
Page.
Eight-hour day—Coned.
California....................
District of Columbia.
H aw aii.......................
Illinois.
_
K ansas.......................
M aryland...................
Massachusetts............
M innesota..................
M ontana ...
....
N evada.......................
N ew Jersey...............
New M exico...............
New York..................
Ohio............................
Oklahoma................
Oregon......................
P ennsylvania............
Porto R ico..................
Texas..........................
U tah............................
W ashington................
W est Virginia...........
W isconsin...................
W yom ing.............. J.
No.
Page.
247
261,263 244
73
264,274
275,305
323
334,389
407
415,423
451,463
496
507
• 519,520
529,530
541
639
770 244
172
832,833
934
970,1001 ?13
75
244
191
1095,1096
1175
1185,1216
1217,1226 244
211,216
1227,1230
1325,1326
1338-1340
1415
1429,1430
1433
1476
1603,1665
1704
1718,1737
1760,1761 186
317
1773,1774 244
271
1791,1845
1953,1954 244* ......... 313
1964,1965
2101
2105,2108
2191-2193 244
351
2236,2237
2280
2327,2334
2335,2350
United S tates............ 2361-2363 244
380,382
2412,2414
383
2430,2432
2433,2436
(See also Hours of la
bor on public roads.)
Electric
installations,
subways, etc.:
California....................
297,298 213
38,39
244
80
Indiana.......................
697
Massachusetts............
946
Montana............ .......
244* * 214-21.6
N evada....................... 1350-1353
New Jersey.................
244
242
Oregon........................ 1759,1760
Pennsylvania.............
244
292,298
W ashington................ 2221-2224
Electricians,
examina
tion, etc., of, digest of
laws relating to .............
10
143 186
244
10
10
257
E le 2tricity, use of, in
mines. (See Mines,
electric wiring, etc., in.)
Elevator operators, ex
amination, etc., of, di
gest of laws relating t o ..
143
B ulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Page.
Elevators, inspection and
regulation of:
California....................
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
213
37
244
73,74
244
108
Connecticut................
Massachusetts............ 1031-1033
N ew Jersey................. 1423-1426 213 ...........8 6
N ew Y ork.................
1496 166
182,183
186
272-277
213
100-106
244
247,248
254
244
Pennsylvania.............
287
Rhode Island.............
213
133
W isconsin................... 2313-2320 166
215,216
244
368
(See also Inspection
of factories, etc.)
Emergency suspension,
etc., of labor laws:
Alaska.........................
244
60
California....................
244
75,76
244
110
Connecticut................
Georgia.......................
244
133
244
Massachusetts............
187,189
190
New H am pshire........
229,230
244
New York..................
250,251
244
Pennsylvania.............
244
277,278
Vermont.....................
244
348
United States.............
244
380-383
Emigrant agents:
Alabama.....................
155
Florida........................
129
465,469 244
Georgia.......................
479,491 244
132
H aw aii........................
502-504
Mississippi..................
1152
North Carolina...........
1571
Philippine Islands
363,364
186
South Carolina...........
2007
Tennessee...................
322
244
T exas..........................
332,333
244
Virginia......................
149
213
(See also E m ploy
ment offices.)
Employees’ bonds. (See
Bonds of employees.)
Employees, bribery, etc.,
of. (See Bribery of em
ployees.)
Employees, d e c e a s e d ,
payment of wages due.
(See Payment of wages,
etc.)
Em ployees’ deposits, in
terest to bp paid on:
Louisiana...................
852
M a in e.......
186
177
Employees, discharge of.
(See Discharge, state
ment of cause of; Em
ploym ent of labor.)
Employees, discharged,
paym ent of wages due.
(See Paym ent of-wages,
etc.)
Employees, enticement
of. (See Enticing em
ployees.)
Employees, examination
of. (See Exam ination,
etc.)
Employees, false charges
against. (See Railroad
e m p lo y e e s, false
charges against.)
138
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Employees, forced con
tributions from. ( See
Forced contributions).
Employees, intimidation
of. (See Intimidation,
Employees, intoxication
of. ( See Intoxication,
etc.)
Em ployees’ inventions:
United States............. 2433,2435
Employees, loans to:
866
Louisiana...................
Em ployees not to be dis
charged on account of
age:
334
Colorado.....................
Employees, protection of.
(See Protection of em
ployees, etc.)
E m p l o y e e s , railroad.
(See Railroad employ- i
ees.)
Employees, safety and
health laws authorized
for:
New Y ork..................
1453
1603
Porto R ico..................
Employees, sale of liquor
to. (See Intoxicants,
sale of, to employees.)
Employees,
soliciting
money from. (See Em
ployment, f o r e m e n ,
etc., accepting fees for
furnishing.)
Employees, t a x e s of.
(See Liability of em
ployers for taxes, etc.)
Employees, tim e for, to
vote. (See Time to
vote, etc.)
Employees, transporta
tion of. (See Trans
portation of employees.)
Employees, vaccination
of. (See Vaccination.)
Employer and employee,
obligations of.
(See
Em ploym ent of labor.)
Employers’advances, in
terest on:
Louisiana. . ................
866
Em ployers’ advances, re
payment of:
155,156
A labam a........ ............
162,163
246,247
Arkansas.....................
Florida........................
469,478
Georgia.......................
491
Louisiana. ................
851,852
Maine..........................
Minnesota................... 1108,1109
Mississippi.................. 1144,1145
New Hampshire........
N ew Mexico
1439,1440
North Dakota............ 1594,’ 1595
Philippine Islands. . .
1949
South Carolina........... 2004,2005
B ulletin.
No.
Page.
244
313
244
180
244
225
244
257
257
Virginia.......................
Employers’ certificates,
forgery of:
Georgia.......................
489
Minnesota...................
1107
1342
Nevada
__
Pennsylvania............. 1828,1829
2183
W ashington.............
W isconsin..................
2307
317
97,98
105
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
Employers’ l i a b i l i t y .
(See L iability of em
ployers for injuries, etc.)
Employers’ liability com
mission. (See Commis
sion.)
Employers to furnish
names of employees to
officials of county, etc.:
Arkansas....................
238
California....................!
274
Colorado..................... !
343
Hawaii........................
497
Idaho..........................
523,524
M ontana.....................
244
216
N ew Mexico.............. 1440,1441
North Carolina........... 1571,1572
South Carolina...........
2006
Washington................ 2186,2187
W yom ing...................
2329
Employm ent, abandon- .
ment of. (See Con
tracts of employment.)
E m p 1 o ym ent agents.
(See Employm ent of
fices.)
Employment, contracts
of. (See Contracts of
employment; Employ
ment of labor.)
Employment, discrimi
nation in, forbidden:
Indiana.......................
648
Employm ent, foremen,
etc., accepting fees for
furnishing:
Alabama.....................
182,183
Arizona.......................
202,203
California....................
86
186
244
75
Connecticut................
407
Florida.......................
471
Montana...................
1242
N evada.....................
227,228
1341 186
N ew Hampshire........
1362
N ew Jersey.................
1406
Ohio............................
244’ ......... 265
Pennsylvania............ 1837,1867
U tah............................
2129
Employm ent, interfer
ence with. (See Inter
ference with employ
ment.)
Employment, notice of
termination of. (See
Employment, termina
tion of, etc.)
* Employment, obtaining, :
under false pretenses.
(See Employers’ ad
vances, repayment of;
Employers’ certificates,
forgery of.)
Employm ent of aliens.
(See Aliens.)
Em ploym ent of children.
(See Children, employ
m ent of.)
Employm ent of children
and women. (See Chil
dren and women, etc.)
Employm ent of Chinese.
(See Chinese, employ
ment of.)
E mployment of deserters,
etc.:
Arizona.......................
257
27
Em ploym ent of enlisted
men in civil pursuits:
213
United States............
151
139
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Employm ent of intem
perate drivers,etc. (See
Intemperate employ
ees, etc.)
Em ploym ent of labor b y
pub lic-service corpora
tions:
Massachusetts............
Em ploym ent of labor,
deception, etc., in:
A laska........................
No.
Page.
968
188,189
276 186
364,365 244
550,551
968 186
1138
1239
1325,1353
New Y ork..................
1546
1720
Olrlahnms^ „..
1761,1762
213
2056,2057 244
Virginia.......................
?13
Wisconsin...................
2282 186
(See also Strikes, no
ting of, i*t> adver
tisements for la
borers.)
Employm ent of labor,
general provisions:
Arkansas.....................
233,234
California....................
265-269 186
Colorado.....................
186
Connecticut..............
407,408
Georgia.......................
483
486,488
H a w a ii......................
497
Idaho..........................
518
Indiana.......................
629,648
Kentucky...................
816
846-848 1.66
Louisiana...................
Massachusetts............
966-970
Michigan..................... 1053,1054 244*
Missouri...................... 1160,1161
M ontana..................... 1232-1235
N ew Y ork.................. 1475-1482
North Carolina...........
186
North Dakota............ 1586-1589
Ohio............................
1603
Oklahoma................... 1718-1721
Oregon........................
244*
Pennsylvania.............
186
Philippine Islands__
1949
Porto R i c o ______
_
1955,1956 244*
South Carolina.......... 1997-1999 257
2004,2005
South D akota............ 2012-2015
T exas..........................
2075
U tah............................
2105
Virginia......................
2152
W isconsin...................
2258
2280-2282
W yom ing...................
2327
United States.............
2354
2362,2363
(See also Contracts of
employment; D is
charge, statements
of cause of; Em
ployers' advances;
Employm ent, ter
mination of; Exam
ination, etc.; In
spection of facto
ries; Wages, etc.)
Em ploym ent of labor on
public works.
(See
Public works, labor
on.)
Colorado.....................
Illinois _ .........
B ulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
85
99
185
131
321,322
145
424
85,90
109,110
.........
Page.
Employm ent of police
men as laborers:
Maryland....................
Employm ent of unem
ployed and needy per
sons.
(See Unem
ployed, etc.)
Employm ent of women.
(See Women, employ
ment of.)
E m p l o y m e n t offices,
commission o n ..............
E m p lo y m e n t offices,
free public:
Arizona.......................
Arkansas.....................
California....................
Colorado.....................
C onnecticut................
Georgia.......................
Idaho..........................
Illinois........................
Tnriiana.......................
Iow a............................
Kansas...............
Louisiana...................
Maryland....................
Massachusetts............
Michigan.....................
Minnesota...................
Missouri......................
Montana.....................
N ebraska....................
New Hampshire.........
N ew Jersey.................
N ew Y ork..................
......... 196
296
.........275
330,331
’ '307,'313
97,98
Ohio............................
Oklahoma...................
Pennsylvania.............
Philippine Islands. . .
Rhode Island.............
South Dakota............
U tah............................
West Virginia............
W isconsin...................
United States............
Employm ent offices, pri
vate:
Alaska........................
Arkansas.....................
California....................
Colorado.....................
Connecticut...........
District of Columbia.
Georgia.......................
Hawaii........................
Idaho..........................
Illinois........................
Indiana.......................
Iow a............................
TCfl/risas...............
K entucky...................
Louisiana...................
Maine..........................
M aryland....................
Massachusetts............
Michigan.....................
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
938
145
244
61
244
65
186
88
329-331 186
109
244
99
406,410
244* ......... i31
186
138,139
551-553 186
142-144
244
139-143
154
698,699
186* "’162^163
771,772
i 6 6 * ...........92
904 166
94
213
63
244
183
962,963
1072,1073 186
190
1135,1137 244
201
1171,1173
1218
1291 186
217
244
230,231
186
241,242
213
85
166
174-176
213
97,98
244
253,254
257
79
1609,1615
1710,1711 186
310
186
331-335
1946 186
363
1949,1950 244
302,303
1976
2023,2024
244
340
2238
2297 244
361
244
378
186
72
244
65,66
264 186
93
308-312
348-350 186
109
406,407 186
121
412,413
459-463
244 ......... 132
257
35
497
517,518
574-579 244
142
677-680
728,729
799,800
821
843,844 257 ' “ *46*47
887-889 186
177
213
69
945
1093,1094 244
197
140
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
No.
Page.
Em ploym ent offices, pri
vate—Concluded.
Minnesota........ r____ 1097,1098
1172,1173
Montana.....................
1230
186
222^225
N ebraska....................
218-220
244
N evada....................... 1328,1342
New Hampshire........ 1359,1360
Qgijl
1377-1382
N ew Y ork.................. 1461-1469 213
98
1532,1533
Ohio............................ 1615-1617
267-269
1711,1712 ?44
186
Oregon........................
313-317
335-338
1852-1856 186
............
Rhode
1967 186 is la n d
368
Tennessee- -, - ,_____
2058 186
379
324,325
244
391,392
T exas..........................
186
U tah............................ 2125-2129 ?44
340
Virginia____. . , _____
2161 213
146,147
2162,2165
149,150
W ashington................
2183 186
397
W est Virginia............
2229
Wisconsin--.......
2302-2304 166
228-232
421,422
186
(See also Emigrant
agents;
Lodging
houses, sailors’.)
E mploym ent, prevention
of. (See Interference
w ith employment, and
cross references.)
Employm ent, sex no dis
qualification for. (See
Sex no disqualification,
etc.)
Employm ent, termina
tion of, notice of:
Maine..........................
870
Massachusetts............
986
New Jersey................
1391
1393,1394
Pennsylvania
1821
Porto Rico.
244* ......... 307
Rhode Island.............
1985
South Carolina
2008
361
Wisconsin...................
2277 244
(See also Discharge;
Employment of la
bor, general provi
sions.)
Engineers, examination,
etc., of, digest of laws
relating to ......................
140-143 186
1 0 ,1 1
11
244
10
257
Engineers, illiterate, em
ploym ent of, on rail
roads. (See Railroad
employees, illiterate.)
Engineers,
unlicensed,
employment of:
A lau am a....................
157
Enticing employees, etc.:
156
Alabama.....................
234
Arkansas....................
468
Florida........................
488
Georgia.......................
Hawaii
503,509
814
K entucky. . . . . ___
851
Louisiana ................
1144,1145
Mississippi
North Carolina...........
1565
South Carolina
2006
321,322
2033 244
Tennessee...................
2422
U nited States
(See also Interference,
etc.)
Bulletin.
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Page.
Examination, etc.; of
aeronauts, digest of law
relating t o ......................
Exam ination, etc., of
barbers, digest of laws
relating t o ......................
Examination, etc., of
bricklayers:
W isconsin...................
Examination, etc., of
chauffeurs, digest of
laws relating t o .............
Examination, etc., of
electricians, digest of
law relating t o ...............
Examination, etc., of ele
vator operators, digest
of law relating to ...........
Examination, etc., of
hoisting-machine oper
ators, digest of law re
lating t o .........................
Exam ination, etc., of
horseshoers, digest of
laws relating t o .............
Examination, etc., of
miners, mine foremen,
etc.:
Alabama.....................
Colorado.....................
Illinois........................
Indiana.......................
Iowa............................
Kansas........................
K entucky...................
Missouri......................
M ontana.....................
Ohio............................
Oklahoma..................
Pennsylvania.............
Tennessee...................
U ta h ............................
Virginia......................
W ashington................
W est Virginia............
W yom ing....................
Exam ination, etc., of
moving-picture
ma
chine operators, digest
of laws relating t o .........
Examination of plumb
ers, digest of laws re
lating t o .........................
Examination, etc., of rail
road employees:
Alabama.....................
Georgia.......................
M assachusetts............
Ohio............................
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
143
127-132 166
186
244
9,10
9
244
36S
132-135 166
186
244
207
10
9 ,1 0
143 186
244
257
10
10
10
8
7 ,8
9
143
144 186
1 0 ,1 1
135,136 186
11
169-171
370,371 244* ” ” 97,* 98
146
594,595 186
139-145
625-627 244
148,149
662
699-702
733,734
244* ” i68,'i69
69-71
825 166
831,832
1196-1198
1253
1254,1269
1638
1639,1691
1724
330,331
1803-1805 186
1833-1836
1871,1876
1905-1908
2044-2046
2048
2118
2167
2171,2172
351
244
411,412
186
436,437
2340,2341 186
7
136,137 166
186
244
257
11
11
10
137-140 166
186
244
8
1 1 ,1 2
11
153
154,159
479
952
1689
141
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Examination, etc., of rail
road employees—Con.
(See also Railroad
employees, qualifi
cations for; Tele
graph
operators,
railroad, etc.)
■RTrfl.minat.inn, etc., of
steam engineers, fire
men, etc.:
New J ersey ...............
Exam ination, etc., of
steam engineers, fire
men, etc., digest of laws
renting t o ......................
Exam ination, etc., of
street railway employ
ees:
Louisiana
W ashington................
Execution, exemption
from.
(See Exem p
tion, etc.)
Executions in suits for
wages. (See Suits for
wages.)
Exem ption of mechanics,
etc., from license tax,
list of laws granting___
E xem ption of wages from
execution, etc.:
Alabama.....................
A laska........................
Arizona.......................
Arkansas....................
California....................
Colorado.....................
Connecticut................
Delaware....................
District of Colum bia.
Florida.......................
Georgia.......................
H aw aii........................
Idaho..........................
Illinois.........................
Indiana.......................
Iowa............................
Kansas........................
Kentucky...................
Louisiana...................
Maine..........................
Maryland...................
Massachusetts............
Michigan.....................
Minnesota...................
Mississippi..................
Missouri......................
M ontana.....................
Nebraska....................
N evada.......................
New Hampshire........
New Jersey................
New Mexico...............
No.
213
Page.
’
1 0 ,1 1
11
10
166
88
1555
2215
80,81
153,154
186
206,211
233,249
270
331
417
428,429
451
465
487-489
498
521
554-556
629,665
738-740
769
792,793
815
848
850,862
874
895,903
948
1041,1042
1103,1104
1147
1159,1160
1183,1202
1235
1317,1318
1336
1356
1374
1434,1435
Page.
E xem ption of wages from
execution—Concluded.
Tennessee................... 2032,2055
T exas..........................
2071
2073,2077
U ta h ............................
2123
Verm ont..................... 2135,2136
Virginia....................... 2156,2157
2179
W ashington................
2230
W est Virginia............
W isconsin.................. 2304-2307
W yom ing................... 2331,2346
U nited States............
Explosives, storage, man
ufacture, etc., of:
743
Iow a............................
934
Maryland...................
982
Massachusetts............
Missouri......................
1179
Montana.....................
1390
New J ersey ..
1664
Ohio............................
1665,1689
Oklahoma.................. 1739,1740
Pennsylvania.............
Explosives, use of, in
mines. (See Mine reg
ulations.)
Extortion:
Minnesota...................
1107
1242
Montana.....................
(See also Intim ida
tion.)
84
140-143 186
244
257
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
186
422,423
1.86
.........445
244
244.
213
213
239,240
113
244* * *287-299
F.
186
166
31
186
Factories, accidents in.
(See Accidents, etc.)
Factories and workrooms,
ventilation, sanitation,
etc., of:
Alabama...................
Arizona
California................ .
1 2 0 ,1 2 1
135
Colorado...................
Connecticut
Delaware. . . .
Florida........................
Georgia..................
Illinois.. .
186
186
198,199
203
Indiana.......................
Iow a...................
K a n sas.. .
Kentucky..................
Louisiana.. .
Maryland...................
186 "242,*243
186
249
244
245
New Y ork.................. 1559-1561
North Carolina...........
1573
North Dakota............
1589
Ohio............................ 1687,1688
1692,1693
Oklahoma.................. 1708,1739 186
Oregon........................
1747
Pennsylvania............ 1786,1787 186
Porto R ico................ 1956,1957
Rhode Island.............
1986
South Carolina.........
2000
South Dakota............
2015
Bulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Massachusetts..
Michigan.....................
Minnesota...................
309
Missouri....................
335
Nebraska....................
I
N ew Hampshire........
161 186
211
63
278,279 213 '30*31,*36
300,301 244
93-95
360
405 186
122
424,425
186
126,127
244
115-117
475
166" ...........32
549,550 186
145
561,562
568,569
589,590
616,617
647,648
682,683
741
186
171-175
244
166,167
173,174
166
36
861,866
917,918 1.6 6 *
w iio i
939,940
103,104
943,949 166
126
979,980
127,141
991-993 186
184
1029 257
53
1067
1070-1072
1096,1097
1120,1142
1179 186
206
1180,1182 244
209
1213,1214
1280,1281
1298,1299
244
227
142
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Factories andworkrooms,
ventilation, sanitation,
etc., of—Concluded.
New Jersey................
New Y ork..................
No.
1382,1383 166
1389,1390 244
1409,1418
1506-1510 166
1521-1523
186
257
Ohio............................ 1649-1652 213
1668-1670
1741
Oklahoma, ................
213
Oregon........................
Pennsylvania............
1827 186
1839,1847
1928,1930 244
1934-1937
Porto R ico.................
1963
Rhode Islan d.............
1973 244
257
South Dakota.
2011,2026
2036,2058 186
Texas..........................
V irginia,_____ _ . .
257
2150 244
2164 166
?1 ?
957
W est Virginia............
W isconsin..
(See also Air space.)
Factories, eating, etc., in.
(See Food, taking into
certain workrooms.)
Factories, fire escapes on.
(See Fire escapes, etc.)
Factories, etc., inspec
tion of. (See Inspec
tion, etc.)
Factories, plants, etc., es
tablishment b y State:
Arizona.........
Factories, etc., registra
tion of:
California. . . ...........
Maryland...................
.................
New Y ork..................
2185 244
2186,2194
2239
2261 186
2264,2266
2310,2320
2321,2325
Page.
159,160
239-243
178,179
184,185
263
270-272
278-293
86
111-115
120
121,127
349,350
352-360
287-299
315
93
377
381,382
101-103
350
2 1 0 -2 1 2
145
107,108
352
432,433
Page.
Fees for furnishing em
ployment. (See Em
ployment, f o r e m e n ,
etc., accepting fees for
furnishing.)
Fellow servant^negligent,
to be named in verdict:
Minnesota..................
F e l l o w servants. (See
Liability of employers
for injuries to employ
ees.)
Female employees. (See
Women, employment
of.)
Female employees, seats
for. (See Seats for fe
male employees.)
Fines for imperfect work:
Massachusetts............
Fire escapes on factories,
etc.:
Alabama.....................
Arkansas....................
Colorado.....................
Connecticut................
Delaware....................
District of Colum bia..
Georgia.......................
■, ;
....................
Idaho..........................
Illinois........................
Indiana.......................
- Iowa............................
Kansas........................
Kentucky...................
Louisiana...................
Maine
...................
Maryland...................
Massachusetts............
Michigan.....................
Minnesota...................
Missouri....................
186
306,307
75,76
166
102,104
Mississippi 148
166
1490
1518,1519
W isconsin...................
2265
Factories, smoking in.
(See Smoking, etc.)
Factory inspectors. (See
Inspectors, factory.)
Factoryregulations. (See
Inspection of factories,
etc.)
False charges against
railroad
employees.
(See Railroad employ
ees, etc.)
False credentials, etc., of
labor o r g a n i z ations.
(See Labor organiza
tions, using false cards
of.)
F a l s e pretenses. (See
Employers’ advances,
r e p a y m e n t of; E m
p l o y e r s 7 certificates,
forgery of: Employ
m ent of labor, decep
tion in.)
B ulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Nebraska..................
N ew Ham pshire........
N ew Jersey.................
N ew Y ork. . . .
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
1103
984
985,1008
157
362,363
401
415,423
430
456-458
485,491
520
553
554,569
680,681
741,742
774
815,816
844,845
868
935
960
1024,1025
1066,1067
1131
1179
1198-1200
1305,1306
1361
1410-1414
1474
1498-1500
244
69,70
186
244
213
166
257
186
* i64-168
166,167
43,44
89^90
48,49
177
244' .........i87
244
210
244
186
217,218
236
166
186
183,184
251
255-258
266,267
272
99,100
253
213
244
North Carolina...........
1574
North Dakota............
1585
Ohio............................ 1663,1664
Oklahoma.................. 1717,1739
Pennsylvania............. 1788-1790 244
279,280
1838,1849
1863,1866
1867,1920
1921
Rhode Island............. 1977-1981
South Dakota............
2012
Tennessee..............
2067-2069
Texas..........................
186 '*385*386
244
330-332
Verm ont.....................
2140
Virginia.....................
2153 2L3 *148,149
West Virginia............ 2241,2242
W isconsin............
2294-2296 166
222^225
186
430-432
W yom ing:.................
244
369-371
(See also Inspection
and regulation of
factories and work
shops.)
143
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
No.
Page.
Fire marshal:
9,44
69,70
9,44
H aw aii........................
135
New Y ork.................. 1472-1475 186
251
Pennsylvania............. 1866,1867
Fire, safeguards against,
in factories. (See In
spection of factories,
etc.)
Firemen, stationary, ex
amination, etc., of.
(See Examination, etc.)
First-aid p r o v i s i o n s .
(See Accidents, provi
sions for.)
Food products, manufac
ture of. (See Inspec
tion and regulation of
bakeries, etc.)
Food, taking into certain
workrooms:
Delaware....................
244
116
Illin o is........................
568,589
Missouri......................
1213
New Jersey.................
166
160
New Y ork..................
1512
1670
1935 244
298
F o r c e d co n trib u tio n s
from employees:
631
213
54
Maryland ................
896
Michigan..................... 1051,1052
N evada.......................
1326
New Jersey.................
1398
New York..................
166
181
Ohio
..............
1685
Oregon. .......................
244' .........275
U tah............................
244
338
Foremen, etc., accepting
fees for furnishing em
ployment. (See Em
ployment, f o r e m e n ,
etc., accepting fees for
furnishing.)
Forgery of cards, etc., of
labor o r g a n i z a t i o n s .
(See Labor organiza
tions; using false cards,
etc., of.)
Forgery of employers'
certificates. (See Em
ployers’ certificates.)
Foundation for Promo
tion of Industrial Peace:
United States............ 2417,2418 257
1 2 1 ,1 2 2
Fraudulent contracts of
employers. (See E m
ployers’ advances, re
paym ent of; Employ
m ent of labor, decep
tion in.)
Free public employment
offices. (See Em ploy
ment offices, free pub
lic.)
Freedom to trade. (See
Coercion, etc.)
G.
Garnishment, exemption
of wages from. (See
Exem ption of wages
from execution, etc.)
Garnishment of wages:
Arkansas....................
Colorado.....................
Delaware....................
Hawaii........................
B ulletin
No. 148.
B ulletin.
Page.
No.
Page.
186
254,255
186
213
244
359,360 186
404
475
244
556
566-568
646
647,697
740,743
774,797 244
830 166
213
981,982 166
1055,1067
67,71,72
32-40
81,82
105
Garnishment of wages—
Concluded.
Missouri......................
1159
1160,1201
New M exico...............
1444
Ohio............................
1688
Oregon........................
1747
U tah............................ 2122,2123
2157
Virginia.......................
W yom ing................... 2345,2346
Goods, etc., of local pro
duction preferred for
public use. (See Pub
lic supplies, etc.)
Government Printing Of
fice. (See Public PrintGroceries, employees m:
N ew Y ork..................
Guaranty companies:
New Mexico...............
Guards, armed.
(See
Armed guards.)
Guards for dangerous ma
chinery, etc.:*
A laska.........................
California....................
Colorado.....................
Connecticut................
Florida........................
Idaho..........................
Illinois........................
Indiana.......................
Iow a............................
Kansas........................
Kentucky...................
Louisiana...................
Massachusetts............
Michigan.....................
Minnesota...................
Missouri......................
Montana.....................
1435
186
i33
137
166,167
36
53
126
1121
1128,1129
1179
186
212
244
215
Nebraska.................... 1299,1300
N evada....................... 1343,1344
New Hampshire........
244* "226,’227
New Jersey................ 1388,1389 213
86-90
1409,1423
New Y ork..................
1482
1505,1506
Ohio............................ 1607,1608
1651,1652
Oklahoma.................. 1716,1717
Oregon........................ 1755,1756
Pennsylvania............. 1787,1847 186
343-351
355
244
291
Rhode Island............. 1970,1971
Tennessee..................
2036 186 ......... 382
U tah............................
244
339,340
Virginia.......................
166
207
Washington................ 2193,2194
West Virginia............ 2238,2239
Wisconsin.................
2267 186
2295,2306
2311-2313
W yom ing...................
244
H.
232,233
823
434
498
Bulletin.
H atch tenders:
California....................
Headlights on locomo
tives. (See Railroads,
safety provisions on.)
272,273
427-429
371
144
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Health, effect of em
ploym ents on, to be in
vestigated:
California..................
Massachusetts............
Highways, hours of labor
on, summary of laws
fixing..............................
Hiring.
(See Em ploy
m ent of labor.)
Hoisting-machine opera
tors, examination, etc.,
of, digest of law relating
to ...............................
H oliday labor:
Massachusetts............
New Ham pshire........
Holidays for per diem
employees of Govern
ment:
United States...........
H olidays in the different
States and Territories,
list of.............................
144 186
A rkansas....
California_
_
Connecticut.
Florida........
Georgia........
Illinois.........
12
20,21
14,15
18,19
13
87-91
143
188
308-311
114-116
49
185
199,200
11
145
250
1439
102,103
307
317
275
2405
Missouri...............
M ontana..............
N ebraska.............
New H ampshire.
New Y ork...........
1665
1780
1791
1958,1959
1985
Rhode Islan d .............
South Carolina...........
2001
U tah ............................
Wisconsin...................
Hours of labor in indus
tries of continuous op
eration, investigation
of:
213
Massachusetts............
Hours of labor of children
and women. (See Chil
dren, etc.)
Hours of labor of deck
officers:
United S tates............
2438
Hours of labor of drug
clerks:
289
California....................
1553
New Y ork..................
Hours of labor of employ
ees in bakeries:
New Jersey................ 1419,1420
1827
Pennsylvania............
Hours of labor of employ
ees in brickyards:
1476
New Y ork..................
1477,1548
Hours of labor of employ
ees in compressed air:
166
New Jersey.................
N ew Y ork .................. 1526,1527
Hours of labor of employ
ees in electric plants:
196
Arizona.......................
Hours of labor of employ
ees in Government
Printing Office:
2b63
•United States............
Hours of labor of employ
ees in groceries:
186
New Y ork ..................
Hours of labor of employ
ees in mines, smelters,
etc.:
188
A laska........................
Arizona.,
242,243
263,264
407,423
466
483,484
541
No.
1175
1230,1234
1291
1355
1476,1477
Ohio................
Oregon............
Pennsylvania.
Porto R ico___
10,11
2355
(See also Forced con
Page.
Bulletin.
Hours of labor in general
em ploym ents—Concld.
Indiana.......................
874
Maine..........................
Maryland...................
905,906
Michigan..................... 1042,1043
Minnesota..................
1095
Mississippi.................
1154
999,1000
1371
Porto R ico.................
United States............
Hom es for workingmen,
commission on:
Louisiana..................
Massachusetts............ 1009,1019
Porto R ico.................
Horseshoers, examina
tion, etc., of, digest of
135,136
laws relating to ...........
tributions.)
Hospitals for seamen:
United States---Hours of labor, emergen
cy suspension of laws
r e l a t i n g t o.
(See
Emergency s u s p e n
sion.)
Hours of labor, in general
employments:
A laska..................
Page.
85,86
Hom e defense guards, not
to be used in strikes:
California..................
Homes for workingmen:
California..................
Massachusetts...........
Hospital, erection of, for
employees:
Arkansas...................
N ew Mexico..............
H o s p i t a l fees. (See
Forced contributions,
etc.)
Hospital for miners. (See
Miners' hospital.)
H ospital funds, adminisstration of:
California.............
Oklahoma............
Oregon.................
No
263
1008
97-99
Bulletin.
No. 148.
Bulletin.
California.
Colorado..
Idaho.......
K ansas. . .
Maryland.
Missouri..
M ontana..
N e v a d a ...
O klahom a.
197
209,210
215,216
305
323,389
519,520
QOI
1175,1185
1217
1226,1227
1325,1326
1338,1339
1737
Page.
185
204
150
81,82
254,255
92
199
307,308
"i39,140
393
78
186,187
157
254,255
65
59
172
*2 i i
145
C U M U L A T IV E IN D EX .
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
B ulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
No
Page.
Page.
Hours of labor of employ
ees in mines, smelters,
etc.—Concluded.
Oregon......................... 1760,1761
P ennsylvania., _T __
,
1864
U ta h ............................
2108
ashington................
2193 244
2327
yom ing-T t _______
t
2334,2335
Hours of labor of employ
ees in plaster and ce
m ent mills:
1339
N evada.......................
Hours of labor of employ
ees on railroads:
351
210
California....................
Colorado.....................
District of Columbia..
Georgia.......................
Kansas...- -..............
Michigan.,. --............
Missouri......................
Montana.....................
Nebraska....................
N evada.......................
New Mexico...............
N ew Y ork..................
North Carolina...........
North D akota............
Ohio............................
Oregon........................
Porto R i c o ................
South Dakota............
Texas..........................
Washington................
West Virginia.............
Wisconsin...................
United States............
Hours of labor of employ
ees on street railways:
California....................
L ouisiana...................
Maryland...................
Massachusetts............
New Jersey.................
New Y ork..................
Pennsylvania.............
Rhode Islan d .............
South Carolina...........
W ashington................
Hours of labor of letter
carriers:
U nited S tates............
Hours of labor of tele
graph operators. (See
Hours of labor of em
ployees on railroads.)
Hours of labor of tele
phone operators:
Montana.....................
Hours of labor of women.
(See Women, etc.)
Hours of labor on public
roads, summary of laws
fixing..............................
240
241,247
295,296
343
415
452
466
479,480
669,670
722,723
794
896
1043
1114
1176,1210
1227
1312,1313
1353,1354
1442
1477
1478,1548
1576,1577
1594
1684
1770
1954
2019
2085
2086,2095
2192,2193
2242
2287
2290,2291
2418,2419 213
264
845,846
938
1011
1403,1404
1477,1547
1817,1818
1984
2003 213
2192
151
153,154
186
137
2362,2430
106407°— 19-------10
1243
85,86 257
No.
Page.
Hours of labor on public
works:
187
A laska.........................
195,197
Arizona.......................
California................ 261,274,275 244
73
Colorado.....................
334
D istrict of Columbia -.
451,463
496
H aw aii........................
Idaho .......................... 507,529,530
639
Indiana.......................
770
Kansas........................
K entucky...................
832,833
M aryland...................
934
970 166
Massachusetts............
971,1001 213
75
53
Minnesota................... 1095,1096 257
Missouri......................
1216
M ontana..................... 1217,1227 244' ' *2 i i * 2 i 6
1340
N evada.......................
New Jersey.................
1415
1429,1430
New M cxico...............
1433
N ew Y ork................... 1476,1547 213
91-93
1603
Ohio............................
Oklahoma................... 1704,1718
Oregon........................
317
1761 186
271
1773,1774 244
Pennsylvania.............
1845
Porto R ico.................. 1953,1954 244
313
1964,1965
T exas..........................
2101
U ta h .................*.......... 2105,2108
W ashington.. . . . . . . . . 2191,2192
W est Virginia............ 2236,2237
W isconsin...................
2281
W yom ing................... 2327,2350
United States............ 2361-2363
2432,2433
(See also Eight-hour
day.)
Housing. (See H o m e s
for workingmen.)
Hygiene, industrial:
N ew Y ork.................. 1488,1489
Pennsylvania.............
1923
I.
1
186
Bulletin.
12
Illiterate employees on
railroads. (See R a i l
road employees, illit
erate.)
Immigration:
Delaware....................
434
New Y ork.................. 1530-1532
Rhode Islan d. . . .
166
South Carolina...........
1992
U nited States............ 2414-2416 244
2439
Immigration and hous
ing, commission of:
California....................
313-316 186
Immigration, bureau of:
Massachusetts............
244
U nited State .1............
244
Immigration, bureau of
industries and:
New Y ork.................. 1530-1532
(See also Alien con
tract labor.)
Immigration, c o m m i s
sion on, digest of laws
relating to ......................
146
Importing workmen from
outside the State:
Oregon...
............ 1761,1702
Inclosed platforms. (See
Protection of employees
on street railways.)
2 01
375-380
92
188,189
376,378
146
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
No.
Incorporation of labor
organizations, etc. (See
L a b o r organizations,
etc.)
Industrial board. (See
Commission, industrial,
etc.)
Industrial commission.
(See Commission, in
dustrial, etc.)
Industrial directory:
166
1489
N ew Y ork..................
Industrial diseases. (See
Occupational diseases.)
Industrial e d u c a t i o n .
(See Vocational train
ing.)
Industrial Peace, Foun
dation for th e Promo
tion of:
U nited S ta te s............ 2417,2418 257
Industrial police, digest
of law s as t o ...................
92-97
Industrial relations, com
mission on, digest of
146,147
law relating t o ...............
Industries and immigra
tion, bureau of:
N ew Y ork.................. 1530-1532
Injunctions:
805,806
Kansas...............
Massachusetts............
166
Minnesota.. . . . . . . . . . .
244
1235
Montana.....................
U tah............................
244
166
United States............
Injured persons, special
training for, investiga
tion of:
213
Massachusetts............
Injuries causing death,
right of action for, list,
etc., of laws granting...
83-85
Injuries, personal, actions
for:
195
Arizona.......................
Connecticut................
397,398
433
Delaware....................
486,487
Georgia.......................
501
Haw aii........................
521
Idaho..........................
I llin o is .....................
556 186
629
Indiana.......................
738 244
....... ....................
Iow a
816
K entucky...................
846,847 257
Louisiana...................
Michigan.....................
1053
.................Minnesota. 186'
Missouri...................... 1166-1168
186’
Nebraska. . . . . . . . ___
N evada.......................
1337
New Hampshire........
186*
1400
N ew Jersey................
N orth D akota............
244*
Pennsylvania............ 1783,1829 186
Tennessee................... 2032-2034
T exas.......................... 2079,2080
W isconsin...................
2304
2327
W yom ing...................
186
U nited States............
Injuries to employees.
(See Liability of em
ployers.)
Inspection and regulation
of bakeries, etc.:
California....................
290-292
Colorado.....................
393-395
B ulletin
No. 148.
B ulletin.
Page.
Page.
Inspection and regulation
of bakeries—Concld.
Connecticut................
Delaware.....................
Georgia.... ..................
Illinois.........................
158
Indiana...................
Iowa.........................
Kentucky...................
Maryland....................
Massachusetts............
Minnesota................. .
Missouri........ .............
Nebraska....................
New Jersey.........
New Y ork..................
1 2 1 ,1 2 2
142
205,206
336,337
346
235,236
77
145,146
161
47
“ 202,’203
......... 225
......... 237
......... 257
342
450
Bulletin.
No.
400 244
401,416
435-438
166
562
616-618
682-684
760,761
2i3*
166
943
1096,1097
1122,1123
1203,1204
1280-1282
1382,1383
1418-1421
1520-1524 186
Page.
108
32
47 I 4 9
99-101
270-272
281
North Dakota............
244
257
Ohio.............. ............. 1649,1650
Oklahoma................... * 1740-1742
Oregon........................
186
317,318
1827 186
Pennsylvania.............
399
1828,1848
352-356
Rhode Island............. 1972-1975
Tennessee................... 2057-2059
Verm ont.....................
244
350
2185
W ashington...............
2186,2221
W isconsin................... 2261-2263 186
432,433
2310 244
364
W y o m in g ................. 2350,2351
Inspection and regulation
of barber shops:
X
Taxtqf\Q
244
224
New Ham pshire........ 1361,1362
North Dakota............
1595
(See also Exam ina
tion, etc., of bar
bers.)
Inspection and regulation
of factories and work
shops:
Alabama.....................
157,158 186
63,64
161,162
Arizona............
2 01
Arkansas.....................
258,259 244* " " 6 9 ,* 70
Califorria....................
278,279 186
99
284,285 213
30-39
244
73-75
80,81
93-95
Colorado.....................
359-364 186
108
Connecticut................
Delaware....................
District of Columbia..
Florida........................
Georgia.......................
Hawaii........................
Idaho..........................
Illinois........................
Tr>dia.yia,.......................
Iow a....... ...................
K an sa s.*...................
Kentucky...................
1 1 0 ,1 1 1
403-405 186
119,122
244
107-109
431-433 186
123-128
244
115-118
456-458 166
30
475
485,493- 166* ...........32
213
41
244
135
244
137
547-550 186
145,146
566-574 244
*143
586-591
644-650 186
151,152
740-743 186
160
164-168
774 186
171-175
775,797 244
166,167
173,174
830,831 166 33,35,36
43-49
213
147
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Inspection and regulation
olfactories and work
shops—Continued.
Massacbnsetts............
Michigan.
Mississippi T T
______
M is.wiri.. „, T ______
M ontana............
Nebraska....................
New H am pshire........
New Jersey.................
N ew Y ork..................
South D akota............
Tennessee...................
No.
852,853 213
860-862
868,869 18ft
885,886
898 166
934,935
213
960 166
979-983
1000,1008
1009 186
1022-1027 213
1029 244
1053 186
1066-1072
1119,1120
1128-1132
1147 166
213
1179-1183 186
244
186
1298-1301 244
1343 186
1362 186
?44
1388-1393 166
1409 213
244
257
1453 166
1485-1490
1496-1524 186
1562
North D akota.. . . . . . .
1585
O hio............................ 1608,1615
1644-1654
Oklahoma................... 1716-1718
Oregon........................ 1755-1759
Pennsylvania............. 1787-1790
1838
1847-1849
1865-1867
1924,1925
1927-1937
Philippine Islands
Porto R ico .................
1963
Rhode Islan d............. 1970-1975
1977-1982
South Carolina...........
B ulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
53
177
93,94
98-104
64
125-127
130-133
141-143
184-186
73
187
187
147,148
81
206
209,210
212,215
217,218
232
236
226-229
158-162
83
237-243
67
177
182-186
255-260
263,266
267,272
278-293
213 91,96-106
247-254
244
83-86
257
2i3*
i.8 6 * ......... 339
343-361
279,280
244
287-299
244
244
244
302
311,312
315
186
213
371
137
2011
2012,2026
2036,2037 186
244
186
244
257
U tah............................
2105 244
Vermont.....................
2150
V ir t n n ia
2162-2165 166
T e x a s .......................
377,378
381,382
322
385,386
330-332
101-103
339-346
207
2 1 0 -2 1 2
213
145,148
149
W ashington
2193-2196
West V irginia............ 2238,2239 186
W isco n sin ................
2259 166
2261-2266 186
2296,2297
2310-2325
416,417
221-228
427-432
Inspection and regulation
olfactories ana work
shops—Concluded.
W yom ing...................
(<
See also Cellars and
basements, use of;
Compressed a i r ;
Explosives; Facto
ries a n d work
rooms, ventilation,
etc., of; Fire es
capes; Guards for
dangerous machine r y ; Inspection,
etc., of bakeries;
Inspectors, factory;
Laundries; Seats
for female employ
ees; Sweating sys
tem; Toiletrooms.)
Inspection of factories
and workshops, com
mission on, digest of
laws relating t o .............
Inspection of locomotives:
District of Columbia..
Indiana.......................
No.
Page.
244
Page.
Page.
Bulletin.
369-373
145,146
463
684-686
710
952
Massachusetts.........
N ew Y ork.................. 1556-1558
Ohio............................ 1682,1683
Vermont..................... 2144,2145
U nited States............ 2427-2430 186
Inspection, etc., of mer
cantile establishments:
N ew Jersey................ 1408,1409
N ew Y ork.................. 1487,1488 166
Inspection, etc., of mines.
(See Mine regulations.)
Inspection of railroads,
railroad e q u i p ment,
etc.:
421,422
Connecticut................
......... ...........
186
244
Michigan, r , . . . . . . 1073,1074
1149
M ississippi. . . . . . . . __
Missouri...................... 1180,1181
1245
Montana....................
1335
N evada.......................
Ohio............................ 1681-1683
1764
Oregon................... .....
2098
T exas..........................
244
U tah............................
2138
Verm ont.....................
W ashington............ . 2212,2213
2219,2220
United States............ 2421,2422
Inspection of steam boil
ers:
186
Alaska .....................
Arkansas.....................
244
213
California....................
244
Colorado
. ..
343-345
409,410 186
Connecticut................
694 186
Indiana.......................
710-717
743
Iowa
.....................
867,868
Maine..........................
935-937
Maryland...................
953-959 257
Massachusetts............
1072
Michigan.....................
Minnesota................... 1100-1103
Montana..................... 1219-1222 244
244
New Jersey.
New York.................. 1474,1475 186
244
1605 213
Ohio............ ..............
1654-1658
4C0
178,179
177
177
335,336
71
71,72
39
77,78
119,120
152-154
58
213
238,239
257
254
115
148
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
No.
Inspection of steam boil
ers—Concluded.
Pennsylvania............. 1848,1849 9A4
W isconsin...................
166
244
(See also Inspection
of locomotives.)
Inspection of steam boil
ers in mines. (See
Mine regulations.)
Inspection of steam ves
sels:
Indiana ____
652,653
Maine..........................
873
Michigan..................... 1057-1060
Minnesota................... 1100-1103
1273,1274 244
N ew Hampshire........
1371 186
New Jersey................ 1400,1401
N ew Y ork.................. 1540-1542
Pennsylvania............. 1840-1844
W ashington............
2208-2210
United States ......
2367-2374 186
Inspector, cannery:
Delaware....................
Inspectors, factory, etc.:
Alabama. L
186
Page.
286
218-221
367
213
235
439,441
450,451
125-128
63,64
157,158 186
161,162
Arkansas .....
253
Colorado.....................
332,333
359,364
Connecticut................
122
410,411 186
109
414,415 244
432,433 - 186
Delaware....................
124-128
435-438
440,449
30
District of Columbia..
166
129
Florida............. ......... * 474, 476 186
Georgia........................
493 213
41
Illinois.......................
145
548,549 186
142,143
244
Indiana......... .........
152
648,650 186
693-695
Iow a............................
725,726
Kansas........................
797 244
166,167
803,804
Kentucky...................
810,811 166
33
837,852 166
90
Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . .
853,862
Maine..........................
884-887
Maryland......... .
914-916 1.66 *94*98*99
123,124
61
213
M assachusetts...........
959,960 156
130
184
976,1016 186
58
1017,1019 257
1021
M ichigan.................... 1061-1063
1067,1068
M innesota.... . . . . . . . . 1134-1136
M ississippi..................
Missouri...................... 1177-1179
Montana.....................
1272
Nebraska....................
1290
New Hampshire........
1365
New Jersey.................
1392
1393,1409
1410,1417
N ew York.................. 1486-1489
Ohio............................ 1605,1608
1644-1647
1668
Oklahoma..................
1716
Oregon...
............ 1751,1752
Pennsylvania
1921-1923
Philippine Islan ds.. .
1946
Porto Rico
1959,1960
1970-1972
Rhode Island
1977
Bulletin.
No. 148.
B ulletin.
166
147,148
244' ’ *227*229
83
213
233,234
244
244* **277*278
213
257
136
95
Page.
Inspectors, factory, etc.—
Concluded.
South Carolina...........
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
1993
1994,2003
South D akota.............
2026
Tennessee................... 2036,2058 186
381
2061,2062
T exas.......................... 2077,2078
2130
U tah............................
V erm ont..................... 2146,2147 186
395
244
347
Virginia.......................
166
212
W ashington................ 2 i87 ,2i88
2234 i 8 6 * '*4i6 *4i7
W est Virginia............
W isconsin................... 2295-2297
Inspectors, mercantile:
New Y ork.................. 1486-1488 166
182
Inspectors, mine:
Alabama.....................
165,166
A laska.........................
192 i 8 6 * ****66*67
Arizona....................... 196,217,218
Arkansas........ ...........
67-^69
236,237 244
Colorado.....................
335^337 244
99
365-370
Idaho..........................
507-511
Illinois........................
146,147
594-599 186
244
139-145
Indiana.......................
660 186
152
662,673
Iowa............................
729-731 186
163
K ansas........................
780,799
K entucky...................
816-824 166*
53-56
69,71
39-41
832 257
Louisiana...................
863
Marvland....................
926 2i3* *’ *65*66
Michigan.....................
1074
1075,1084
Minnesota.................. 1109-1111
Missouri...................... 1191-1193
Montana..................... 1248-1253 186
215
213
1278 244
N evada...................... 1328-1330 186
227
• New M exico............... 1433,1445
1446,1451
N ew Jersey.................
166
166
New Y ork..................
1524
North Carolina........... 1569,1570
North D akota............ 1589,1590
Ohio............................ 1605,1608
1617-1621
Oklahoma..................
1703
1724-1726
1744
Pennsylvania............. 1794-1797 186
329,331
1831,1832
1900-1905
South Dakota............
2009
Tennessee...................
380
2030 186
325
2037-2042 244
T exas.......................... 2080,2081
U tah............................ 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 244
341
Virginia.......................
2166
Washington................
351
2198 244
W est Virginia............ 2243-2245 186
400-402
244
355
W yom ing...................
2327
2342-2344
2349
TPmtprl
2408,2409
Inspectors, railroad:
I llin o is .......................
142
558,559 244
Maine..........................
177
186
Massachusetts............
950
Michigan.....................
1073
Nebraska....................
1315
O hio............................ 1681,1683
T exas..........................
2098
W ashington................ 2219,2220
149
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
No.
Page.
Insurance, accident:
Cali fornfa___
-,
244
85,86
419
Connecticut__
Idaho..........................
532,533
TndiaTia. T -r
r
t,
690,691
185
Massachusetts............
186
Michigan..................... 1050.1074 244
197-199
Nebraska....................
1283
1384
N ew Jersey.................
N orth Carolina...........
1580
North Dakota............
1595
Oregon........................
1772
Pennsylvania............. 1926,1927
South Carolina...........
1995
V e rm o n t...................
2146
W ashington................
2216
Wisconsin................... 2291,2292
Insurance, collective:
Maine..........................
879
New Jersey................
1384
Insurance, cooperative:
Maryland...................
921-926
Michigan.....................
186* ' *i87-i89
197-199
244
Insurance of employees:
California....................
301-304
Illinois ____________
618
Louisiana...................
2U ...........54
Maryland...................
95-98
166
Massachusetts............
130
166
131,143
71
213
53-55
257
Michigan..................... 1079-1082
1094
Minnesota................... 1123-1125
1142
Nebraska.................... 1283-1287
New Hampshire........ 1368-1370
N ew Jersey................
1384
New Y ork.................. 1469-1472 257
77,78
Ohio............................ 1686,1687
South Carolina...........
1995 1 S6 ' 37i,372
Insurance, health:
California.. . . . . . .
244
92
I llin o is ..............
244
147,148
Massachusetts............
191
244
257
60
Ohio.........
244
262.263
Pennsylvania.............
244
285,286
Insurance, social:
California...
79
244
Massachusetts
257
60
O hio........................
244
262.263
W isconsin..................
363,364
244
367
Insurance, u n e m p l o y
ment:
Michigan
187-189
186
244
197-199
Intelligence offices. (See
E m ployment offices.)
Intemperate employees:
California....................
263
I llin o is .......................
560
Michigan..................... 1042,1047
Montana.....................
1275
Nebraska....................
1282
New Jersey.................
1404
New Y ork.................. 1469,1550
1554,1555
North Dakota............
1585
Oklahoma..................
1740
V e rm o n t...................
2138
Wisconsin
............ 2259,2260
W yoming
2334
(See also Intoxica
tion, etc.)
Interference w ith em
ployment:
Alabama.....................
154
Arkansas....................
234
Bulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Page.
Interference w ith em
ploym ent—Concluded.
Delaware....................
Florida........................
G e o r g ia ..................
Idaho..........................
Illinois.........................
Iowa..........................
Kentucky...................
Louisiana....................
Massachusetts............
Minnesota...................
Mississippi..................
N evada.......................
New Hampshire
New Jersey................
New Y ork..................
North Dakota............
Pennsylvania. . . . . . .
Rhode Island .
Tennessee...................
U tah
. .
Washington . . . . .
W est Virginia............
W isconsin...................
U nited States.............
(See also Blacklist
ing; B o y c o t t i n g :
Conspiracy against
workingmen; En
ticing employees;
Intimidation; Pro
tection of employ
ees; S a b o t a g e ;
Strikes of railroad
employees.)
Interstate commerce in
products of child labor.
(See Children, employ
m ent of, general pro
visions for.)
Intimidation:
Alabama.....................
Colorado......................
Connecticut................
Louisiana....................
Maine..........................
Massachusetts............
Michigan.....................
Mississippi.................
Missouri......................
New Y ork..................
North Dakota............
Oklahoma...................
Oregon........................
Porto R ico.................
Rhode Island.............
South Dakota............
Texas..........................
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
429
469,470 186
130
488,489
244
138
560
244
164
813,814
851
1027,1028
1104,1108 244
2 0 1 ,2 0 2
1144
1340
1356,1357 244
225,226
1403
1544,1545
1583,1591
1785,1819
1986,1987
244* "*321. *322
2110
2180,2183
2252 186
2307,1308
2422
408
157
324
398
539,558
842,843
876
967
1051
1146
1164
1544
1592,1593
1706
1749
1953
1986
2017,2018
2091
2092,2094
2125
2140
2205
U tah............................
Vermont.....................
W ashington...............
(See also Interference
w ith employment,
and cross refer
ences.)
Intoxicants, sale of, to
employees:
Arizona.......................
212
California....................
292
Colorado.....................
326,327
Hawaii,........................
501,502
Massachusetts............
945
Michigan.....................
186
Minnesota................... 1095,1119
Montana..................... 1241,1242 186
Nebraska....................
1310
N evada.......................
1345
189,190
209
150
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
No.
Page.
Intoxicants, sale of. to
employees—Concld.
New Hampshire........
1360
N ew Jersey................
1385
North Dakota, , Tr, TT
.
1592
Ohio.......... . ...............
1665
Oregon...... ..................
1768
Rhode Isla n d .. . . . . . .
1977
South D akota.. . . . . . .
2011
U tah............................
2129
Vermont,.. . . . . . . . . . . . 2139,2140
Washington......... ......
2187
W«st- Virgjnt»_
2241
Intoxication,*' drinking,
etc., of employees:
Alabama....... ............
160,182
A laska........................
70
186
Arizona.......................
226
Arkansas....................
239
California....................
273
Crmmfvh'orit,
io7
398 244
Florida........ ..............
470
Idaho........... ..............
528
Illin o is,,, r___T_____
613
• Tnrlian?i. r T „Tr „Tr,
675,702
Io w a ............... ...........
754
Maine..........................
873
Maryland....................
932
MioViigan.......
1092
Minnesota...................
1106
M ississippi..................
1145
Missouri......................
1164
M ontana....................
1240
1265,1275
Nebraska....................
1282
1283,1312
N evada....................... 1327,1339
New Jersey................
1402 244* ......... 242
New Mexico...............
1439
N ew York..................
1469
North Carolina...........
1566
North D akota............
1592
Ohio............................ 1637,1684
Oklahoma...................
1706
Oregon..... ..................
271
1770 244
Pennsylvania............
1912 186
338,339
291
244
298,299
Porto R ico..................
1958
South Dakota............
2017
U tah............................ 2115,2124
Verm ont.....................
2138
21.3* ......... 147
Virginia.......................
2182 186
398
W ashington................
W est Virginia............
2230
W isconsin...................
2260
W yom ing...................
2347
(See also Intemperate
employees.)
Inventions, etc., of em
ployees:
U nited States............. 2433,2435
Isthm ian Canal, hours of
labor on:
2414
U nited States.............
J.
Judgments for wages.
(See Suits for wages.)
K.
Kidnaping:
N«w Yorlr.
Philippine Islands
United States.............
1547
2423
Bulletin.
No. 148.
Bulletin.
166
197
Page.
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
, li.
Labels. (See T r a d e
marks.)
Labor agents. (See E m i
grant agents.)
Labor agreements not
conspiracy. (See Con
spiracy, labor agree
ments not.)
Labor and industries,
State board of:
Massachusetts.. ____ 1015-1017 257
Labor, Bureau of. (See
Bureau of Labor.)
Labor camps, etc.:
California...............
304,305 186
Delaware....................
186
H a w a ii.......................
505
Michigan....................
186
N ew Y ork..................
1515 186
1516,1531
Pennsylvania.............
186
(See also Lodging ..................
houses.)
Labor commission:
Delaware....................
186
499,501
H aw aii........................
Tnrfianfl...................... .
634-638 186
Labor, commissioner of.
(See Bureau of Labor.)
Labor, compulsory. (See
Labor, requirement of.)
Labor contracts. (See
Contracts of employ
ment.)
Labor, em ploym ent of.
(See Em ploym ent of
labor.)
Labor, etc., local or special
laws regulating. (See
Local or special laws,
etc.)
Labor
organizations,
bribery of representa
tives of. (See Bribery
of representatives, etc.)
Labor organizations ex
cluding members of
National Guard. (See
Protection
of em
ployees as members of
National Guard.)
Labor organizations, in
corporation, regulation,
etc., of:
Colorado.....................
334
Connecticut................
413
720
Iowa............................
Transas........................
769,770
839,840
Louisiana...................
879 244
Maine..........................
Massachusetts............
946,947 166
969,1001 180
Michigan................... . 1048-1050
1060
244
M innesota................
Montana.... .................
244
Nebraska...........
1279,1318
New Ham pshire........ 1357,1358
New Jersey................
1384
New Y o r k .................
1453
1603
Ohio............................
Pennsylvania............. 1784,1785
1818-1821
166
South Carolina...........
T exas.......................... 2075,2079
60
88,89
126,127
187
268-270
337
123,124
152
181
142
183,184
205,206
211
204
151
CUMULATIVE INDEX,
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Labor organizations, in
corporation, regulation,
etc., of—Concluded.
U ta h ...........................
W yom ing...................
2345
U nited States............ 2404,2423
2436,2445
L a b o r organizations,
using false cards, etc., of:
292
California..................
Connecticut..............
413
489,490
Georgia.....................
969
Massachusetts..........
1107
Minnesota.................
1243
Montana...................
N ew Y ork................. .
1549
1701
Ohio..........................
1769
Oregon......................
1828
Pennsylvania...........
T exas........................
2091
2162
V irginia.....................
2307
W isconsin.................
L a b o r organizations.
(See also Antitrust act;
C o n s p i r a c y , labor
agreements not; Pro
tection of employees as
members; Trade-marks
of trade-unions.)
Labor organs, public ad
vertising in:
New Jersey...............
1402
Labor, refusal to per
form:
Kansas......................
W est Virginia-.........
Labor, requirement of,
as war emergency:
Delaware..................
Georgia.....................
K entucky.................
Louisiana..................
Maryland..................
Massachusetts..........
Montana...................
N ew Jersey...............
N ew Y ork..................
Rhode Isla n d ............
South D akota............
W est Virginia............
L a b o r , Sunday. (See
Sunday labor.)
Laborers, a l i e n . (See
Alien laborers.)
Laborers, exem ption of,
from license tax, list of
80,81
laws granting................
Laborers’ lodging houses.
(See Lodging nouses.)
Laborers. (See Em ploy
ees.)
Ladders, standards for:
P ennsylvania............
Laundries, regulation of:
211
Arizona......................
California...................
Delaware....................
Kansas........................
1230
Montana.....................
New Y ork..................
1512
Oregon— ..................
Virginia...................... 2163,2164
W isconsin................... 2313,2325
Leave of absence for em
ployees in public serv
ice:
California...................
292
463
District of Columbia..
Hawaii...................
*745,746
Iowa......... .
B ulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
No.
235,236
186
Leave of absence for em
ployees in public Serv
ice-C oncluded.
Massachusetts-,.......
N ev a d a .....................
North Carofiaa.........
U nited States,.*. . .
Letter carriers, hours oI
labor of:
U nited States............
L etters of recommenda
tion. (See Employers*
certificates.)
L iability of corporations
for debts of contractors
for labor, list of laws
determining...................
Liability of employees for
negligence, (See Negli
gence.)
Liability of employers,
and w orkm en^ com
pensation for injuries,
commission on. (See
Commission, etc-)
Liability of employers for
injuries to employees:
Alabama.....................
A la sk a .......................
164
359,360
257
257
257
257
244
257
257,
257
257
257
257
244
No. Page.
Page.
33M37
29
35-37
43,44
45,46
183-185
58-60
S4
67-^9
81-83
100
A rizona...
Arkansas..
California,
Colorado..
Connecticut..............
Distriet of Columbia.
Florida......................
Georgia.
Idaho...
Illinois..
Indiana.
Iow a___
Kansas..
Kentucky...
Louisiana..
244
286
36
123
173,174
213
117,124
Maine....... .'___
Maryland....... .
Massachusetts..
Michigan...
Minnesota..
M ississippi.
Missouri....
M ontana..,
N ebraska..
134
Bulletin.
N evada................
N ew Hampshire-
125
183
1328
1565
2354,2355
2360-2364
2435
76-79
151-153
189
190,194
195,196
204,205
241,245 244
250,251
254,255
265,266
342,343
358,359
363,365
408
451,452
468
477,478
480-483
524-526
560 186
629
633,643
■644,663
088-S90
720-722
740,741
774
•775,793
801,802
70
145,146
163* 164
161
257
41
847,865
881-883
1009,1010
H3S6,1057
U00
1103,1128
1143., 1146
1148,1151
1166-1169
1194
1231
1245,1243
1300,1301
1312,1317
1337
132
186
1,203
147
225
’237
152
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
L iability of employersfor
injuries to employees—
Concluded.
N ew Jersey................ 1394-1396
N ew M exico...............
1433
1434,1436
1438,1439
N ew Y ork.................. 1636-1538
1555
North Carolina___
1564
1570,1577
North Dakota............
1586
1593,1600
Ohio............................ 1665-1667
1680
1684-1687
Oklahoma...................
1703
1704,1723
Oregon........................
1760
1764,1765
Pennsylvania............
1857
Philippine Islands_
_ 1947-1949
Porto R ico................. 1951-1953
1991
South Carolina........... 1994-1997
1999
South Dakota............
2012
No.
Page.
186
296
186
244
298,299
257
186
186
342
363
213
140,141
2 0 2 1 ,2 0 2 2
T exas..... ................... 2086-2088
U tah ............................
2109
Verm ont.................
2142-2144
Virginia.......................
2151 213
2152,2154
W isconsin................... 2260,2287
2289,2290
W yoming. .
2327 166
2328,2341
2351,2352
U nited States............ 2419-2421 186
(See also Contracts of
employees waiving
right to damages;
E m ploym ent
of
labor; Injuries, etc.;
Insurance, employ
ers' liability.)
L iability of employers for
taxes of employees:
California...................
262
Georgia.......................
479
Idaho..........................
511,520
Louisiana..................
849,850
M ontana..................... 1274,1275
N evada....................... 1327,1328
Pennsylvania______
1844
1845,1864
(See also Employers
to furnish names,
etc.)
L iability of railroad com
panies for debts of con
tractors. (See Liability
of stockholders; Protec
tion of wages.)
L iability of railroad com
panies for injuries to
em ployees. (See Lia
b ility of employers.)
L iability of railroad com
panies for wages due
from predecessors:
W isconsin...................
2289
L iability of stockholders
of corporations for wage
debts, list of laws de
termining .......................
79
License tax, exem ption
of mechanics,etc., from,
80,81
list of laws granting—
B ulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
147,148
233
450
Page.
lic e n s e tax, laborers not
to pay:
Louisiana...................
Philippine Islands___
Licensing, etc. (See E x
amination, etc.)
Liens, digest of laws re
lating to ..........................
Lighting code:
New Jersey.................
Pennsylvania.............
Liquor. (See I n t o x i cants.)
Loans to employees:
L ouisiana...................
Local or special laws reg
ulating labor, etc.:
Kentucky...................
Louisiana...................
North Carolina...........
Pennsylvania.............
T exas..........................
Virginia.......................
Locomotive boilers, in
spection of. (See In
spection of locomotives.)
Locomotives, etc., aban
d o n m e n t of. (See
Strikes of railroad em
ployees.)
Locomotives, headlights
o n . (See R a i l r o a d ,
safety provisions for.)
Lodging houses, laborers’:
Connecticut................
Hawaii........................
( See a lso L a b o r
camps.)
Lodging houses, sailors7:
Louisiana...................
United States............
(See also Seamen.)
Logging and sawm ill safe
ty orders:
California....................
Lunch, tim e for. (See
Time for meals.)
Bulletin.
No.
837
1944
27-76
244
244
243
287
186
244
296
255
244
95
866
809
837
1783
2071
2151
408
497
846
2396
M.
Mail cars:
United States............. 2430,2435
Mail, obstructing:
2364
United States.............
Mail
service,
ocean,
American vessels and
crews for:
2364
United States............
Manufactures, State:
186
Arizona.......................
Married women, earnings
of. (See Earnings of
married women.)
Master and servant. (See
Employm ent of labor;
Liability of employers;
and cross references un
der each.)
Matches, use of white
phosphorus in making:
United States............ 2431,2432
Meals, tim e for.
(See
Time for meals.)
Mechanics, exemption of,
from license tax, list of
laws granting.................
80,81
Mechanics, exemption of,
from
manufacturers’
Philippine Isla n d s.. .
Page.
1944
75,76
153
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Mechanics’ liens, digest of
laws relating t o. . . . . . . . .
Illinois.........................
Indiana.......................
Iowa............................
Kansas........................
Kentucky...................
Maryland...................
Michigan.....................
Minnesota...................
Missouri......................
Montana.....................
No.
27-76 166
186
213
247
257
Mediation. (See Arbitra
tion.)
Medical attendance for
employees:
New Mexico................
1435
Oregon........................
Medical inspection:
N ew Y ork.................. 1488,1489
Pennsylvania............. 1922,1923
(See also Physical
examination of em
ployees.)
Mercantile e s t a b l i s h
ments. etc., inspection
of. (See Inspection,
etc., of mercantile es
tablishments.)
Messenger service by chil
dren. (See Children,
e m p l o y m e n t of, in
street trades.)
Militia, organized. (See
Protection of employ
ees as members of Na
tional Guard.)
Mine gases, etc., investi
gation of:
826,827
Kentucky...................
United States............
2426
Mine inspectors. (See In
spectors, m ine.)
Mine operations, com
mission on. (See B u
reau of Mines.)
Mine regulations:
158
Alabama.....................
165-184
A laska.........................
185
192,193
216-228
Arizona.......................
Arkansas.....................
231
234-239
243-245
California....................
269
286-289
321
Colorado.....................
323
335-341
365-389
Idaho..........................
526-529
535,556
557,565
580-588
591-616
624-627
653-663
669-673
729-737
747-755
757-760
777-790
801,804
805
816-827
831
926-934
1074-1077
1083-1092
1109-1112
1183-1198
1204,1205
1214,1215
1240,1241
1247-1271
Bulletin.
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Page.
10
17,18
Page.
Mining regulations—Con.
N evada....................
12
16
12
N ew Mexico................
N ew York...................
244
275
186
244
186
186
244
66-72
60
73
77,78
67-69
244
79
186
244
105
97-99
186
244
186
244
137,138
137
146-149
139-145
156-158
186
163
186
244
169,170
168-172
166
257
213
53-73
41,43
65,66
186
244
206-208
209,210
186
244
215
213
North Carolina...........
Ohio............................
1328-1335
1344
1346-1348
1354
1433,1434
1436,1437
1445-1451
1524-1526
1529,1547
1566-1571
1617-1644
Oklahoma................... 1723-1738
1742-1745
Oregon......................... 1762-1764
Pennsylvania.........
1792-1817
1831-1837
1857
1867-1916
1933
South D akota............ 2009-2011
2018,2019
Tennessee...................
2031
2042-2055
2065-2067
T exas.......................... 2080-2083
2097-2100
U tah............................ 2 1 1 1 -2 1 2 0
Virginia....................... 2166-2177
W ashington................ 2198-2208
2217
W est Virginia. ..
2232,2233
2239-2241
2243-2254
W isconsin..................
W yom ing...................
2327
2329,2330
2332-2345
2347-2350
U nited States............ 2408-2410
(See also Accidents
in mines; Inspec
tors, mine; Mines,
etc.)
Mine regulations, com
mission on:
Illinois........................
Marvland...................
Mine regulations, com
mission on, digest of
laws as tfo.......................
147
Miners. examination, etc.,
of. (See Examination,
etc.)
Miners’ home:
Pennsylvania............. 1829-1831
Miners’ hospital:
California....................
287
New Mexico...............
1439
Ohio............................
Pennsylvania............ 1825,1826
U tah............................
2120
W est Virginia............ 2235,2236
W yom ing................... 2328,2329
Miners, qualifications of.
(See
Examinations,
etc., of miners.)
Mines, accidents in. (See
Accident s in mines.)
Mines, bureau of. (See
Bureau of Mines.)
Mines, department of,
(See Bureau of Mines.)
Mines, electric wiring,
etc., in:
Alabama.....................
181,182
Colorado.....................
382
Idaho..........................
527
Illinois........................
608
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
186
244
227-229
224
186
250
166
186
244
193,194
304,305
261
186
244
329-331
335
284
186
244
380,381
325
186
389
244
213
244
341
148
351,352
186
244
399-416
355,357
186
186
244
425,426
436,437
373
244
166
156,157
94
213
107-110
154
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Mines, electric wiring,
e tc - in —Concluded.
789
K entucky...............
Michigan., T T T__T, „.
1087
Mont ana, . . . . . . . . . . . .
1264
O hio............................ 1630-1632
1732
Pfmnjsylvajilft.
1887-1895
T^nra?!......................... 2098,2099
W est Virginia.______
Mines, fire-fighting and
rescue stations for. (See
A ccidents, provisions
for.)
Mines, etc., hours of labor
in. (See Hours of la
bor, etc.)
Mines, inspection of. (See
Mine regulations.)
Mines, inspectors of. {See
Inspectors, mine.)
Minimum wages:
A rizona......................
A rk an sas.,.................
California......... ..........
316-320
Colorado.....................
D istrict of Colum bia..
K ansas........................
M assachusetts.,.........
Minnesota..................
N ebraska.. . . . . . . ___
Ohio.................
Oregon........................
B ulletin
No. 148.
B ulletin
No.
Page.
No.
Mothers’ pensions—Con.
N ew H am pshire........ 1369,1370 m
N ew Jersey................ 1430,1431 186
166
66
186
410, a ll
744
186
166
186
213
244
390-392 944
?57
186
‘i o ii^ io ii* 166
186
213
244
1138-1141
1306-1308
1603
1775-1780 186
213
61,62
79,80
29
93,94
29,30
92,93
100-105
31-34
171-175
128-130
184
76,78,79
191-193
311
118-120
122-127
U ta h ............................
2133
W ashington................ 2224-2227 i 8 6 * “ 397*398
351-354
244
W isconsin................... 2282-2284
Minimum wages, com
mission on, digest of
38
laws as t o .......................
147,148 186
Minors, earnings of. (See
Earnings of minors.)
Misdemeanors, penalty
for:
Georgia.......................
492
New Y ork.................. 154^-1549
U tah ............................
2123
Mothers’ pensions:
74,75
Arizona....... ........ ......
186
62,63
244
Arkansas....................
70
244
California....................
262
.....................
Colorado
326
D e la w a re ....- ...........
244
Idaho..........................
138
533,534 186
Illinois............ ...........
141
618-620 186
146,147
244
719 244
Iowa ..........................
161
K ansas........................
170,171
186
244
163,164
244
178-180
M aine..........................
66-69
Maryland....................
Massachusetts............ 1028,1029
Michigan..................... 1055,1056
Minnesota...................
1126 244
202-204
Missouri......................
207,208
1 2 0 1 244
209,210
Montana.....................
186
244
212,213
N ebraska.. . . ............ 1279,1280 186
217,218
N evada....................... 1321,1322 186
229,230
1244 1
223
Page.
Bulletin.
N ew Y ork ..................
186
213
186
North D akota............
Ohio............................ 1661,1662 186
Oklahom a.................. 1740,1745 186
Oregon........................ 1774,1775 186
244
Pennsylvania............. 1917,1918 186
South D akota............ 2026-2028 186
244
186
Tennessee....................
244
Texas..........................
U tah ............................ 2133,2134 186
Virginia.......................
257
W ashington................ 2227,2228 186
W est Virginia.............
186
244
W isconsin................... 2256,2257 244
W yom ing...................
186
Mothers’ pensions, com
mission on, digest of
148
law s as t o .......................
Moving-picture machines,
examinations, etc., of,
operators of, digest of
laws relating t o .............
136,137 166
186
244
257
N.
Nam es of employees to
be f u r n i s h e d . (See
Employers to furnish
nam es, etc.)
National Guard, m em
bers of, not to be ex
cluded from labor or
ganizations. (See La
bor organizations, etc.)
National Guard, protec
tion of employees as
members of. (See Pro
tection of employees as
members of National
Guard.)
National trade-unions:
U nited States............
N avy yards, employees
in:
U nited S tates.............
Negligence of employees
01 common earners:
Alabama.....................
Arizona......................
Arkansas.....................
California__________
Florida........................
Georgia.......................
Idaho..........................
Illinois........................
Kansas........................
Louisiana...................
Maine..........................
Massachusetts-...........
213 Michigan....................
Minnesota...................
M ississippi..................
Missouri......................
Montana....................
N evada.......................
New Jersey......... ......
New Y o r k .- ..............
North Dakota______
2404
2354
159
209
231
272,273
470
488
523
539
766,767
840
875
948,949
952,953
1059
1104-1107
1145,1146
1163
1239,1240
1338-1340
1401,1402
1542,1546
1547,1550
1591,1592
Page.
236,237
239
240,242
252-254
97
297,298
305
308,309
312,313
272,274
340-342
375
319
378,379
328,329
393
105
398
418,419
355,356
361-363
435,436
7
11
11
10
155
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Negligence of employees
of common carriers—
Concluded.
OVlfthrvma., r, „,_____
Oregon........................
■Rttrmsylvania______
South Carolina...........
South D akota.. . . . . . .
TfvnnARsP'A-..................
U tah............................
V e rm o n t..................
Virginia......................
W ashington___ ____
No.
1706
1748
1786
1957,1958 213
2000,2006
2016.2017
2034 244
2124
2138
2159
2180-2182
2184,2209
2210
W est Virginia............
2230
W isconsin...................
2306
United States............
2407
Negligence of operators of
steam boilers,etc.:
t
Arizona.......................
208
California...................
272
Idaho..........................
523
Minnesota__________ 1106,1107
Montana..................... 1238-1240
N evada....................... 1338,13^0
New Y ork..................
1547
1549,1555
North Dakota............ 1591,1592
Pennsylvania............ 1842,1843
Porto R ico.................
1957
South D akota............
2017
N egligent fellow servant
to be named in verdict:
Minnesota...................
1103
N ewsboys.
(See Chil
dren, employment of,
in street trades.)
N ight work. ( See Chil
dren, night work by;
Women, night work
t>y-)
Nonresidents, employ
m ent of, as armed
guards. ( See Armed
guards.)
Notice of intention to ter
m inate employment.
(See Em ploym ent, ter
m ination of, notice of.)
Notice of reduction of
> wages. (See Wages,
f reduction of, notice of.)
B ulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Page.
Page.
Occupational diseases, re
ports, prevention, etc.,
of—Concluded.
New Ham pshire........
N ew Jersey.................
131
322
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
1369
1423
1. 6 * * ”i58-162
6
242
244
1435
1490 i.6 6 * ......... i s l
1512,1516
1526-1529
Ohio........................
1661
1668-1672
Pennsylvania............ 1934-1937 244
298,299
367
Rhode Island.............
186
W isconsin................... 2258,2259
Ocean
m ail
service,
American vessels and
crews for:
2364
U nited States............ .
Offenses. (See Negli
gence.)
Oil and gas wells near
mines:
616
Illinois........................
Ohio............................ 1640,1641
Old-age, accident, etc.,
relief:
A laska........................
186
74,75
Arizona.......................
186
Old-age insurance and
pensions, commissions
on, digest of laws as t o ..
148,149
(See also Commissions.)
Overtime work:
Arkansas.....................
186
79
30
California....................
213
92,93
244
174
244
K an sa s......................
308
Oklahoma...................
186
271
Oregon........................
1780 244
Philippine Islands
301
244
Porto R ico..................
305
1961 244
T exas..........................
390
186
'Washington
2192
U nited States............
2436 2i3* ......... i54
380
244
P.
New Mexico...............
New Y ork ..................
Paym ent of wages due at
end of employment:
Arizona.......................
209
Arkansas....................
239,240
California....................
87,90
298,299 186
Colorado.....................
346
Idaho
.................
532
1
O.
Indiana.......................
690 186
151
Kansas........................
773,800
Obligations of employers,
Louisiana...................
8 6 6 166’ ‘ *"87-89
etc. ( See E m p l o y
884
Maine..........................
m ent of labor.)
Massachusetts............
984
Obstructing mail:
Minnesota...................
201
186
2364
United States............
Missouri....................
1206
Occupational diseases,
New Jersey................ 1393,1394
commission, etc., on,
Oregon........................
1762
resolutions as to ............
148
South Carolina..
373,374
1998 186
Occupational diseases,re421
Wisconsin...................
186
ports, prevention, etc.,
Paym ent of wages due
‘ of:
deceased employees:
, California...................
79
263 244
Alabama.
153
296,297
211 244
61
Arizona......................
Connecticut................
424
Delaware...................
435
Illinois........................
568 m ” i45,*i46
Florida........................
244* ......... i.29
131
588-591
Georgia
483 186
Maine..........................
890
Mississippi
1146,1147
Maryland...................
898
1399,1400
N ew J ersey..
Massachusetts............ 1008,1009
Pennsylvania..
1856
1033-1035
Paym ent of wages in bar
Michigan.....................
1074
rooms:
Minnesota...................
1122
California
275
...................... 1211-1214
Missouri
1334
N evada.......................
156
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
No
Paym ent of wages in
scrip:
209-212
Arizona.......................
242
Arkansas.....................
California....................
294,295 186
Colorado.....................
346-348
Florida........................
186
Georgia.......................
479
Illinois....... „...............
557 244
Indiana____________
640
653,687
Iow a............................
735
Kansas........................
771 244
Kentucky...................
809,814
Louisiana ............
841
842,853
M aryland...................
920
921,939
...........
M ichigan.. 1044
1082,1083
?44
Mississippi..................
166
Montana.....................
1228
N evada....................... 1325,1342
N ew Hampshire. - . . 1362,1363
N ew Jersey................ 1397,1398
N ew Mexico...............
1437
1438,1440
N ew Y ork.................. 1478,1479
North Carolina...........
1566
Oklahoma...................
1719
1762
Oregon........................
Pennsylvania.............
1844
Philippine Islands__
213
Porto R ico.................. .........i954*
South Carolina...........
1998 166
1999,2005 186
2033 186
Tennessee...................
2035,2036 244
Vermont..................... 2136,2137
Virginia.......................
2159
W ashington................ 2189,2190
2234
W est Virginia............
W isconsin................... 2235,2261
(See also Company
stores.)
Paym ent of wages, modes
and tim es of:
Arizona.......................
209
Arkansas.....................
239
240,249
California....................
299 186
305,306 244
345-348
Colorado.....................
Connecticut................
407,408
Hawaii........................
498
542
Illinois............
561,623
639-641
Indiana.......................
687,703
704
Iow a............................
735 186
Kansas........................
773 186
821 213
K entucky...................
Louisiana
864 166
213
257
872,873 186
Maine..........................
883,884
M aryland...................
895
938,939
984,986 166
Massachusetts
1 0 0 0 186
213
257
Minnesota...................
1103 186
1153 166
M ississippi.................
B ulletin.
No. 148.
Bulletin.
213
Page.
Page;
Paym ent of wages, modes
and tim es of—Concld.
Missouri......................
1 0 0 ,1 0 1
129
Nebraska....................
N ew Hampshire........
147
N ew Jersey____ ____
167,168
205
145,146
N ew Mexico...............
New Y ork..................
North Carolina...........
North Dakota............
Ohio............................
Oklahoma...................
Oregon........................
Pennsylvania.............
Philippine Islands
Rhode Island.............
South Carolina...........
Tennessee...................
T exas..........................
Verm ont.....................
Virginia.......................
W est Virginia.............
W isconsin...................
129
203,204
371,374
379
321
W yom ing...................
United States............
(See also Paym ent of
wages in scrip.)
Paym ent of wages, re
fusal of. (See Wages,
refusing to pay.)
Peddler’s license, exem p
tion of mechanics from,
list of laws granting.......
Penalty for misdemean
ors. (See Misdemean
ors.)
Pensions for employees:
Massachusetts............
1160,1176
1177,1184
1185,1202
1355
1356,1368
1396-1400
1406,1417
1479,1548
1693,1694
1719,1742
1825,1857
1917,1933
B ulletin.
No.
244
2 2 0 ,2 2 1
244
245
i 8 6 * ‘ *295*296
257,258
244
244
101
159,160
169
46,47
86,87
52
48
178
125,126
184,186
71
53,55
201
145
146,150
82
272
303
244
1983
1995 166* ......... 204
139
213
321
2033,2064 244
386
186
2136,2137
2158,2159 257* **i08,'i09
357,358
2235 244
421
2281 186
361
244
2345
441
186
80,81
244
213
257
128,130
133,134
183,186
73,74
57
243-246
234,235
240
320
326-328
339
277
129,130
117
257
79
166
197
Phosphorus, white, use
of, in manufacture of
matches:
U nited States............ 2431,2432
Physical competence, cer
tificates of. (See Chil
dren, employed, etc.)
Physical examination of
employees:
588
Illinois........................
166
New Jersey.................
ie i
993-999 166
1002-1007
1009,1011 186
1018,1027 213
257
New Jersey.................
186
244
79,80
Page.
P ennsylvania.............
Philippine Isla n d s...
U nited States.............
Pensions for employees,
commission on:
New Y ork..................
Pensions, mothers’. (See
Mothers’ pensions.)
Peonage:
N evada.......................
Philippine Islands
U nited States............
1783 186
1345
2355
2408,2423
157
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Physical exam ination of
employees—Concld.
New Y ork..................
Ohio
............................
Physicians, employment
of:
Arkansas -.................New M exico...............
TArm
A,«!Sp.p-, , , , , T __, _
_
Picketing:
Alabama.....................
Colorado.....................
W est Virginia............
U nited States............
(See also Interference
with em ploym ent.)
Plate printers, wages,
etc., of:
U nited S tates............
Plumbers, examination,
etc., of, digest of laws
relating t o ......................
Na
1482 186
1671
1936 186
244
Page.
271,272
328,329
299
255,256
1435
2035
154
324
2252
186 ......... 398
351
244
166
235
137-140 166
186
244
8
1 1 ,1 2
11
2434
Poisons, handling, manu
facture, etc., of. (See
Occupational diseases.)
Police o f f i c e r s . (See
Armed guards.)
Policemen, employment
of, as laborers:
938
Maryland...................
Poll ta x of employees,
liability of employers
for. (See Liability of
employers for taxes of
employees.)
Postal employees, rights
of:
U nited States
......... . 2436,2437 244
Powder, use of, in mines.
(See Mine regulations.)
Preference
of wages.
(See Wages as pre
ferred claims.)
Printing, public. (See
Public printing.)
Profit sharing by cor
porations:
402
Connecticut ............
946
Massachusetts............
Protection of alien labor
ers. (See Alien labor
ers.)
Protection of employees
as candidates for office:
186
California....................
2332
W yom ing...................
Protection of employees
as members of labor or
ganizations:
275
California....................
351,352
Colorado. . .
398,399
Connecticut
___
518,519
Idaho..........................
Tndianq...............
631
K ansas........................
774
166
Louisiana...................
Massachusetts............
967
M innesota.................. 1107,1108
Mississippi................. 1149,1150
1343
N evada.......................
New Hampshire........ 1371,1372
1400
New Jersey
New Y ork.................. 1544,1545
1693
Ohio............................
B ulletin
No. 148.
B ulletin.
380
85
91,92
Page.
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
Protection of employees
as members of labor or
ganizations—Concld .
Oklahoma................. 1719,1720
1750
Oregon...
1840
Pennsylvania______
1958 244
312
Porto R ico..................
2003,2004
South Carolina. . .
2129
...........
Utah ..
2308
W isconsin..................
Protection of employees
as members of National
Guard:
229,230
Arizona.......................
274
California........... -•—
580
Illinois........................
777
K ansas........................
879 244
181
Maine..........................
Massachusetts............ 1 0 1 0 ,1 0 1 1
1061
Michigan.....................
213
82
Mississippi..................
1549
New Y ork..................
244’ ......... 262
1745
Oklahoma.
352
W ashington................ 2197,2198 244
2306
W isconsin...................
Protection of employees
as traders. (See Coer
cion of employees.)
Protection of employees
as voters:
155
Alabama.................
208
Arizona.......................
232
Arkansas....................
271 186
85
California....................
327-329
Colorado................
399
Connecticut................
427
Delaware....................
471.472
Florida.......................
523
Idaho..........................
Tndiqnfl........................
631
719,720
Iowa
..................
768
Kansas........................
43
815 213
K entucky...................
840,841
Louisiana..
...........
898
Maryland...................
1039
Massachusetts............
1052 244
197
Michigan.....................
1095
M innesota.................
1108,1122
1143,1144
Mississippi.
Missouri......................
1169
1237
Montana.
...
1280
Nebraska ................
1345 186
228
Nevada.......................
New Jersey................ 1376,1377
1434
New Mexico...............
1441,1443
1546
New Y ork ..................
North Carolina........... 1565,1581
1694 244
264
Ohio............................
Oklahoma.................. 1707,1708
Oregon........................ 1748,1749
Pennsylvania........... 1783,1784
1945 244
303
Philippine Islands. . .
1957
Porto R ico............ .
2001
South Carolina..........
2 010
South D akota............
2011,2016
2032
Tennessee...................
2055,2056
2090
T exas..........................
U tah...........................
2106 244* '*'***338
2229 186
418
West Virginia............
2255
Wisconsin................. .
2277,2311
2329
W yom ing...................
(See also Time to
vote.)
158
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
No.
Protection of employees
on buildings:
California..................
Colorado...........
Connecticut___
Delaware..........
Illinois..............
Indian a............
Kansas.............
Louisiana.........
Maryland.........
Massachusetts..
Minnesota........
Missouri... ........
Montana..........
Nebraska.........
New Jersey___
New Y ork........
273
274,286
298-300
307
392,393
413,414
562-565
775,776
853-856
899,900
1042
1130,1131
1180
1244,1245
1301-1305
1480,1481
1548,1549
Ohio.
1608
1691,1692
Oklahoma.......
1721,1722
Oregon...........
1759,1760
Pennsylvania..
1783
1851,1852
Porta R ico.................
1961
Rhode Islan d ............ 1988,1989
Wisconsin.................. 2295,2296
Protection of employees
on road engines:
Indian a......................
Protection of employees
on street railways:
Arkansas........ ...........
Colorado.....................
341,342
Connecticut................
403
Delaware....................
435
District of Colum bia..
456
Illinois....... *...............
560,561
Indiana..............
633,634
Iow a...........................
719,744
Kansas..... .................
794,795
L o u isia n a .................
850
Maine......................
876,877
Massachusetts...........
953
Michigan....................
1045
Minnesota..................
1108
Mississippi.................
1153
Missouri.....................
1166
Montana....................
1225
1226,1271
Nebraska.............
1315,1316
New Hampshire.
1359
New Jersey.........
1404
N ew Y ork...........
1559
North Carolina...
1564
Ohio.....................
1692
Oregon.................
1766
South Carolina...
1999
T en n essee................
2035
U tah........................... 2124,2125
Virginia......................
2153
W ashington...............
2215
W est V irginia............
2237
W isconsin...................
2291
(See also Street rail
ways, safety appli
ances on.)
Protection of employees.
(See also Fire escapes
onfactories; Guards for
dangerous machinery;
inspection of factories,
etc.; Mine regulations;
Railroads, safety appli
ances on.)
Page.
244
124,125
244
235-237
312
*2i7‘2i8
69
159
173
75
301
” *203
97,98
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Bulletin.
No.
Protection of wages, sum
mary of law s requiring.,
76-79
(See also Exem ption
of wages; Forced
contributions; Lia
bility of stockhold
ers of corporations
for wage debts:
Wages as preferred
claim s.)
P ublic buildings, con
tract work on:
California...................
263
Public carriers, intem
perate employees on.
(See Intem perate em
ployees; Intoxication.)
Public em ploym ent of
fices. (See Em ploy
m ent offices.)
Public ownership. (See
State, manufactures,
etc., by).
Public printing office,
employees in:
261,262
California...................
Iow a...........................
Kansas........................
798
Massachusetts............
Oregon........................
1773
Philippine I sla n d s... j.939,1940
Porto R ico.................
U nited S tates............ 2362,2363
2422,2434
Public printing to be
done w ithin th e State,
list of laws requiring--86,87
Public printing, union
label to be used on:
Maryland...................
M ontana.....................
1217
N evada.......................
1335
Public-service commis
sions, duties of:
Arizona.......................
195
California...................
186
Connecticut................
425
District of Colum bia..
464
Hawaii........................
506
Illinois........................
627,628
Indian a......................
674,675
Kansas........................
186
Maine..........................
Missouri......................
1216
M ontana..................... 1245,1277
Nebraska....................
1315
N evada.......................
1335
New Jersey................
1409
N ew Mexico...............
1433
Oregon........................
1764
Pennsylvania............ 1937,1938
South Carolina..........
1995
Vermont..................... 2138,2139
W ashington............... 2213,2218 186
2219,2223
W isconsin.................. 2284,2286
United S tates............ 2421-2426
Public supplies, prefer
ence of domestic prod
ucts for:
California...................
264
Michigan.....................
1.077
N ew Y ork..................
1559
North D akota............
1585
Oregon........................
Pennsylvania............
U nited States............ 2353,2355
Public works, commis
sion o*i labor on, reso
lution as t o . . . ..............
147
103
161
'l90,"i9i
’30i*302
305
121
87
175
177
399
297
317
342
439
159
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Public Works, employ
ment of aliens on. ( See
Aliens, employm ent of,
etc.)
Public works, hours of
labor on. ( See Hours
of labor.)
Public works, labor on:
Arizona..... ................
California............
TTn.wq.ii. _T_________
Id ah o..........................
K entucky...................
Maryland...................
N evada.......................
N ew Jersey................
N ew Y o rk ..................
Oklahoma..................
Oregon........................
P ennsylvania.............
Porto R ico..................
Virginia......................
(See also Rates of
wages of employees
on public works.)
Public works, paym ent
of wages of employees
on:
California........... .
Public works, etc., pref
erence of citizens or
resident laborers, etc.,
on:
A rizona......................
Indian a.......................
L ouisiana...................
Maine..........................
Massachusetts............
B ulletin,
No.
Page.
197
263 186
244
496 186
244
186
257
934
1327
1376
1453 186
1479,1480
1718,1719
1773,1774 9 4 4
244
244
2155
10 2
73,79,80
133
135
135-137
39
251
271
284,285
313
274,275
186
244
664
848,856
879
967 166
244
186
1440
1479 186
1838,1845
2129
73
64
134
188
235
251
132
203,204
365
R.
Page.
Railroad
N ew Hampshire
N ew Mexico
New York
Pennsylvania
Utah
(See also A g e n t s ,
employment of.)
Public works, preference
of domestic materials
for:
Massachusetts............
166
Minnesota...................
186
Missouri...................... 1155,i2 o i
N ew M exico...............
1440
Porto R ico.................
186
W ashington...............
2 221
U nited S ta tes............
2361
Public works, rates of
wages of employees on.
(See R ates of wages,
etc.)
Railroad bridges, height
of. (See R a i l r o a d
tracks, etc.)
Railroad cars, etc., to be
repaired within the
States:
A rkansas....................
Louisiana...................
T exas..........................
Railroad cars, refusal to
move. (See Strikes of
railroad employees.)
Bulletin.
No. 148.
j
856,857
2096
186
80,81
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
commissions.
(See Public service
commissions.)
Railroad companies, li
ab ility of, for debts of
contractors for labor.
(See L iability of stock
holders; Protection of
wages.)
Railroad companies, li
a b ility of, for injuries
to employees. (See Li
a b ility of employees.)
Railroad companies, li
ability of, for wages
due from predecessors:
W isconsin..................
2289
Railroad employees, com
plaints by:
M assachusetts..,.......
949
Railroad employees, diso b e d i e n c e of. (See
Negligence, etc.)
Railroad e m p l o y e e s ,
examination, etc., of.
(See Exam ination, etc.)
Railroad employees, false
charges against:
Arkansas.....................
241
Indiana.......................
697,698
Iow a............................
168
186
1164
Missouri......................
South D akota............
2028
Railroad e m p l o y e e s ,
f o r c e d contributions
from. (See F o r c e d
contributions.)
Railroad e m p l o y e e s ,
hours of labor of. (See
Hours of labor, etc.)
Railroad employees, illit
erate:
Idaho..........................
532
Minnesota...................
1106
Missouri.................... .
208
244
N evada.......................
1339
New Y ork..................
1550 213' ...........94
Ohio............................
1689
Oregon........................
1772
W ashington............... 2182,2214
Railroad em ployees,etc.,
intoxication of. (See
intoxication.)
Railroad employees, neg
ligence of. (See Negli
gence, etc.)
Railroad employees, pro
tection of. (See R ail
roads, safety appli
ances on.)
Railroad e m p l o y e e s ,
qualifications of:
Arizona.......................
203,204
212,213
California....................
294
Georgia.......................
479
480,491
Indiana.......................
695,704
705,709
Massachusetts............
952
1007,1008
Michigan..................... 1077,1078
Ohio............................
1689
Oregon..................... .
1772
(See also E xam ina
tion, etc., of rail
r o a d employees;
Railroad employ
ees, illiterate; Tele
graph
operators,
railroad, etc.)
160
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Railroad employees, rules
for. (See Rules, etc.)
R a i l r o a d employees,
strikes of. OSte Strikes,
etc.)
Railroad employees to be
paid when discharged.
(See Paym ent of wages
due discharged em
ployees.)
Railroad employees, u n i
forms of:
New Y ork..................
Railroad employees, etc.,
voting by:
Michigan.....................
Missouri......................
Nevada.......................
Railroad i n s p e c t o r s .
(See Inspectors, rail
road.)
Railroad relief societies.
(See benefit societies.)
Railroad tracks, bridges,
wires, etc., over:
Bulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
No.
1551
2214,2215
768,769
244
244
1322 186
1443,1444
1 2 1 0 ,1 2 1 1
243
399
520,521
667,668
691,692
723
Iowa............................
795
Kansas........................
Kentucky. .
813
Michigan............. 1044,1048
Minnesota..................
1148
M ississippi.................
Nebraska....................
1358
New Ham pshire........
1599
North Dakota............
1683
Ohio............................
1684,1689
Oregon........................ 1765,1766
1983
Rhode Islan d.............
2137
Verm ont.....................
Railroad tracks, struc
tures near:
66 8
Indiana.......................
Kansas........................
M innesota................... 1127,1128
North Dakota............ 1599,1600
Ohio............................
1690
Railroad tram orders:
California....................
Railroad trains, number
of cars in:
Arizona.......................
228
Railroad trains, etc., suf
ficient crews required
on:
21 0
Arizona.......................
214,215
246,249
Arkansas....................
250,254
293,294
California....................
402
Connecticut................
403,417
675,676
Indiana.......................
688,706
708-710
Maine..........................
873
Maryland....................
896,897
Massachusetts............
1029
M ississippi..................
Missouri...................... 1208,1209
Nebraska.................... 1310,1311
N evada....................... 1346,1347
N ew Jersey................ 1426,1427
N ew York..................
1554
195-197
208
233
Ttfaho,........................
Indi ana. . , ..........
Page.
Page.
i 8 6 * ' '2 o i ’ 2 0 2
186" ’ *2i8,'2i9
175
186
186
2 0 1 ,2 0 2
186
91
166
91,92
150,151
186’ .........229
244
235
No.
Railroad trains, etc., suf
ficient crew required
on—Concluded.
1586
North Dakota............
Ohio............................ 1690,1691
1781
Oregon........................
Pennsylvania............. 1916,1917
1996
South Carolina...........
2084
T exas..........................
W ashington................ 2220,2221
W isconsin...................
Railroad trains, switch
ing:
1147,1148
Railroads, accidents on.
(See Accidents.)
Railroads, construction
of caboose cars on:
Arkansas....................
253
Illinois........................
579,580
686,687
In d ia n a .....................
746
Iowa............................
K ansas.......................
Maine..........................
891
Michigan................... .
1056
Minnesota.................
1119
Missouri.................... . 1202,1203
1231
M ontana...................
1313,1314
Nebraska..................
N ew H am pshire____
1369
N ew Y ork................ .
1558
North Dakota........... 1595,1596
Ohio.......................... .
1680
South Dakota........... 2022,2023
Virginia..................... 2165,2166
W ashington..............
2214
W isconsin.................
2285
Railroads, construction of
engine cabs on:
A rkansas..................
Railroads, construction
of post-office cars on.
(See Railway mail cars.)
Railroads, hours of labor
of employees on. (See
Hours of labor.)
Railroads, inspection of.
(See Inspection of rail
roads, etc.)
Railroads, obstructing,
hindering operation of,
etc. (See Abandon
m ent of locomotives;
Strikes of railroad em
ployees.)
Railroads, rules for em
ployees on. (See Rules,
etc.)
Railroads, safety provi
sions, etc., on:
Arizona..................... .
215,216
247
Arkansas................... .
250,253
California.
312,313
Colorado.
186
Bulletin.
Connecticut...........
D ela w are...................
District of Columbia..
Florida...................
Georgia..................
Idaho.....................
Illinois...................
Indiana.
342
343,395
402,425 244
433,434
452
478
480,491
533
559
560,628
666,668
673,674
677
680-682
684
705-707
709,710
Page.
173
305
’208
67
78
67
86.87.91
76.77.91
107
158
161
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
B ulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Railroads, safety provi
sions, etc., on—Concld.
Massachusetts............
M ichigan.........., - -,.
Minnesota.................M ississippi..................
Montana.....................
Nebraska....................
New Hampshire........
New Y ork.................
North Carolina...........
North D akota............
Ohio............................
Oklahoma..................
Oregon........................
Bulletin
No. 148.
B ulletin.
No.
721
722,745
756,757
793
802,803
806,807
813
845,864
873 244
950-952
1044,1045
1047,1048
1055,1083
Page.
177
1 100
1113-1115
1123
1148,1150
1153,1154
1161-1163
1206-1209
1243
1245,1277
1311-1315
1346
1355
1433
1551,1554
1556-1559
1572,1573
1600,1601
1678-1684
1691
1705,1706
1772
1773,1780
1944
213
81
186
244
205,206
209
186
229
186
244
257
249,250
247
244
263
88
Philippine Islands_
_
Porto R ico.................
244’ ' *3i2*3i3
Rhode Island............. 1983,1984
South Carolina........... 1995-1997 166
204,205
2008 213
137
South Dakota............ 2 0 2 0 ,2 0 2 1
T exas.......................... 2083-2085
2089,2090
U tah............................
244
335
V prm rvnt
91 Q j Zloo
7
Q
ZLoi 91 Q
2145,2146
2153,2154 166
208,209
Washington................ 2210-2214
2218-2220
West Virginia.. .
399
186
W isconsin
2260,2261 244
361
2284-2289
United States............. 2401,2402
2413,2414
2421-2425
( See also Inspection of
railroads, etc.; Rail
roads, construction
of caboose cars on.)
Railroads, shelters for
workmen on:
Arkansas....................
245
Kansas........................
794
M ississippi..................
1153
Missouri......................
244
209
North Carolina...........
1579
Oklahoma................... 1722,1723
Oregon........................
1768
•South Carolina..........
166
205
Texas..........................
2085
Railroads, standard work
day and rates of wages
of employees on:
U nited States............
153,154
213
Railroads, workingmen’s
trains on:
Massachusetts............
952
100407°— 19-------11
Page.
Railway mail cars:
United States............
Rates of wages ofemployees of public printing
offices. ( See P u b l i c
printing office.)
Rates of wages of employ
ees on public works:
Arizona.......................
California....................
Hawaii........................
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
2430
197
289 244
73
501 186
133
244
135
Indiana.......................
634
Maryland ..................
934
Massachusetts............
1008 1.66 "136*131
M ontana.....................
216
244
Nebraska....................
1282
N evada.......................
1327
New Y ork..................
92
1476 213
O klahom a................. 1718,1719
U nited States............
2437
Rates of wages of labor
ers at salvage:
Virginia.......................
2156
Rates of wages of weav
ers, etc., to be posted:
Massachusetts............
985
Recommendation, letters
of. ( See Employers’
certificates; Service let
ters.)
Reduction of wages, no
tice of. ( See Wages,
reduction of,notice of.)
Registration of factories,
etc. ( See Factories,
etc., registration of.)
Rehabilitation of injured
persons:
Massachusetts............
55-57
257
U nited States.............
117-119
257
Releases. ( See Contracts
of employees waiving
right to damages.)
Relief departments:
Arizona.......................
213
Florida........................
477
Indiana.......................
665,666
Massachusetts............
949
Ohio............................ 1684,1685
Philippine Islands_
_ 1941,1942
South Carolina........... 1994,1995
Repayment of employers’
advances. ( See E m
ployers’ advances.)
Resident laborers, prefer
ence of, on public
works, etc. ( See P ub
lic works.)
Restriction of employees
in trading. ( See Coer
cion.)
Retirement funds. ( See
Pensions.)
Right of action for inju
ries. (See Injuries.)
Rights of labor. (See
Em ploym ent of labor.)
Rules for railroad, etc.,
employees:
Arizona.......................
195,230
Connecticut................
425
Indiana.......................
674
Michigan..................... 1047,1048
Philippine Islands__
1944
162
CUMULATIVE INDET.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Bulletin.
No. 148.
Bulletin.
No.
S.
Sabotage:
Arizona.......................
Montana.....................
Nebraska....................
North Dakota............
South D akota............
U nited States............
(See also Interference
with employment.)
Safety, American Mu
seum of:
New Y ork..................
1561
Safety appliances. (See
Fire escapes on facto
ries; Guards for danger
ous machinery; Inspec
tion of factories; Rail
roads, safety provisions
on; Street railways,
safety provisions on.)
Safety lamps. (See Mine
regulations.)
Sailors. (See Seamen.)
Sailors' boarding houses.
(See Lodging houses,
sailors'.)
Salvage laborers, wages
of:
Virginia......................
2156
Sawmill safety orders:
California....................
Scaffolding, etc.
(See
Protection of employees
on buildings.)
Scrip, payment of wages
in. (See Paym ent of
wages in scrip.)
Seamen:
United States............. 2354,2355
2364-2367
2374-2401
2405,2407
2408,2414
2437,2438
Seamen, American, for
ocean mail service:
United States............
2364
Seamen, employment of,
as laborers, etc.:
Louisiana...................
843
Texas..........................
2094
United States............ 2433,2434
Seamen, list of State laws
relating t o ......................
97
(See also Lodging
h o u s e s , sailors';
Shipping masters.)
Seamen's hospitals:
U nited States............
2405
Seats for employed chil
dren:
California....................
Delaware....................
445
K entucky...................
Massachusetts............
978
Oklahoma..................
1713
South Dakota............
2026
Verm ont.....................
2141
W isconsin...................
2271
Seats for employees in
stores, etc.:
Florida........................
469
Seats for employees on
street railways. (See
Street railways.)
Page.
Page.
257
244
244
2 0 1 ,2 0 2
257
257
257
257
257
206
63,64
65
89
99,100
113,114
166
186
27
138
Seats for female employ
ees:
Alabama.....................
Arizona.......................
Arkansas....................
California....................
Colorado.....................
Connecticut................
Delaware....................
District of Columbia.
Florida........................
Georgia.......................
Idaho..........................
Illinois.........................
Indiana.......................
Iow a............................
Kansas........................
Kentucky...................
Louisiana...................
Maine..........................
Maryland....................
Massachusetts............
Michigan.....................
Minnesota...................
Missouri......................
244
95
186
244
257
440-450
378-380
382
114
244
94,95
166
36
|
Bulletin.
No.
157
198
199,202
256,257
279,295 213*
244
335
408
430-432 244
456 166
475
485,489
534
546,568
630
631,647
727,740
772 244
830,833 166
848,860 257
883
917,935 2i3*
978
1065,1070
1096
1163
1164,1180
1277 244
1292
244’
1359
1393,1394
1480,1535
1575
1648,1649
1715,1716 186
1755 213
1930 186
1962
1971 244*
Page.
...........3i
94,95
116
30
173
36
47
...........59
Montana.....................
211
Nebraska....................
N evada.......................
.........223
New H ampshire........
N ew Jersey.................
New Y ork..................
North Carolina...........
Ohio............................
Oklahoma...................
308
Oregon........................
121
Pennsylvania.............
354
Porto R ico..................
Rhode Island........... .
......... 315
South Carolina...........
2002
South Dakota............
2026
Tennessee...................
2057
Texas..........................
2103 186
390'
U tah............................
2108
Vermont.....................
186* ......... 396
Virginia.......................
2157
W ashington.. ...........
2216
W est Virginia.............
2239
W isconsin...................
2277
W yoming...................
2346 i 8 6 ~ *437,438
Service letters:
C alifornia..................
244
86
Indiana.......................
690 186
151
Missouri...................... 1160,1161
Nebraska.................... 1292,1293
N evada.......................
1341 186
230,231
Oklahoma...................
1721
(See also Em ploy
ers' certificates, for
gery of; Discharge,
statement of cause
of.)
Set-offs not to defeat ex
emption of wages:
Alabam a.....................
154
Sex no disqualification
for employment:
California....................
261
s
Illinois........................
541
!
W ashington...............
2191
Shelters over railroad re
pair tracks. (See Rail
roads, shelters for work
m en on.)
Shipping masters:
Florida........................
465,, 471
Louisiana...................
842.843
163
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Bulletin.
No.
Shipping masters—Con.
2374-2379
U nited S ta tes..
(See *also Lodging
h o u s e s , sailors’;
Seamen.)
shuttles:
Mass»rthnsp.f±s- 9S2,1000
Rhnrla Tslfvnri , __.
257
,lave labor:
N evada.......................
1345
Philippine Islan ds. . .
1939
Sleeping rooms for workmen291
California...................
Colorado.....................
394
401
Connecticut................
Delaware....................
436
Illinois........................
617
683
Indiana.......................
Iow a............................
761
Maryland....................
166
Massachusetts............
943
Michigan....................
186
Missouri......................
1204
Nebraska....................
1281
1383,1419 244
1521 186
New York..................
Ohio............................
Oklahoma..................
Oregon........................
Pennsylvania............
Rhode Islan d.............
Tennessee...................
Washington...............
W isconsin..................
W yom ing...................
Sm elting works, hours of
labor in. (See Hours
of labor in m ines,
smelters, etc.)
Smoking in factories,
etc.:
Minnesota...................
N evada......................
N ew Y ork..................
Pennsylvania.............
Vermont................
W ashington...............
Social insurance. (See In
surance, social.)
Soliciting money from
em ployees. (See Em
ploym ent,
foremen,
etc., accepting fees for
furnishing.)
State, manufactures, etc.,
by: .
Arizona.......................
South Dakota............
United States............
Statistics, i n d u s t r i a l .
(See Bureau of labor,)
Stay of execution in suits
for wages. (See Suits
for wages.)
Steam boilers, inspection
of. (See Inspection,
etc.)
Steam boilers, negligence
of operators of. (See
Negligence, etc.)
Steam boilers, repairing,
cleaning, etc.:
Oklahoma..................
Steam engineers, exami
nation, etc., of, digest
of laws relating to .........
1650
1741
18ft
1827 186
1973
2059
2186
2261
2351
1108
1339
1508 186
186
2140
2182
Page.
93
100
187
239
255
268,271
318
352
256,257
353
186
257
257
1 2 0 ,1 2 1
75,76
99
140-143 186
244
1 0 ,1 1
11
1723
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
Steamboats, employees
on. (See Seamen.)
Steamboats, employm ent
of unlicensed engineers
on:
Alabama.....................
157
Steamboats, inspection
of. (See Inspection,etc.)
Steamboats, negligence
of em ployees on. (See
N egligence, etc.)
Stevedores:
Florida........................
470,471
Maryland...................
937,938
T exas.......................... 2101-2103
Stock, special, for em
ployees of corporations:
Massachusetts............
946 166
141
Stockholders, liability of,
list of laws determining.
79
Street railways, examina
tion, etc., of employees
on. (See
Exam ina
tion, etc.)
Street railways, hours of
labor of em ployees on.
(See Hours of labor, etc.)
Street railways, news
boys on:
Massachusetts............
953
Street railways, protec
tion of employees on.
(See Protection of em
ployees.)
Street railways, rights
and remedies of em
ployees on:
South Carolina...........
1999
Street railways, safety
provisions on:
California....................
273
Connecticut................
4J6
744_746
Iowa............................
Massachusetts............
953
Montana.....................
1277
New H ampshire........ 1360,1361
Ohio............................
1686
Vermont.....................
2145
W ashington................
2218
W isconsin...................
2260
Street railways, seats for
employees on:
Connecticut................
418,419 186
121
244
107
Louisiana...................
863
Missouri......................
1163
N ew Jersey................
1403
Ohio............................
244’ ’ '263,'264
Oregon........................
1766
Verm ont.....................
2145
Strike ? notice of, in ad
vertisements, etc., for
laborers:
California....................
320,321 186
85
Colorado.....................
364
Illinois........................
550,551
Maine..........................
890
Massachusetts............
991 166
127
186
185
213
72,73
257
57
Montana.....................
1239
New H am pshire........
1372 244* ......... 225
New Y ork..................
166
175
Oklahoma..................
1720
Oregon........................
1761
Pennsylvania.............
i 8 6 ' ’ *333,'334
Porto R ico..................
244
305
Tennessee...................
2056
164
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Strike, notice of, in ad
vertisements, etc., for
laborers—Concluded.
W isconsin...................
(See also Employ
ment of labor, de
ception in.)
Strikes, factory inspec
tors not to be concerned
in:
K entucky...................
Strikes of railroad em
ployees:
Connecticut................
Delaware....................
M ississippi.................
Strikes, participation in,
not to be bar to employ
ment:
Strikes. (See also Arbiputes; Conspiracy, la
bor agreements not;
Home defense guards;
Interference w ith em
ploym ent.)
Suits for injuries. (See
Injuries, etc.)
Suits for wages:
California....................
Colorado.....................
Georgia.......................
Idaho..........................
Illinois ......................
Iow a............................
TTfl.nsa.s........................
Louisiana...................
Massachusetts............
Michigan.....................
Minnesota...................
Mississippi.................
Missouri......................
Montana.....................
Nebraska....................
New Jersey................
New Y ork..................
North Carolina...........
North D akota............
Ohio............................
Oklahoma..................
Oregon........................
Pennsylvania.............
Bulletin.
No. 148.
Bulletin.
No
186
Page.
424
398
429,430
480
557,558
767
813
875,876
1145
1402,1403
1785
2094
Michigan.....................
Minnesota...................
M ississippi..................
Missouri......................
Montana.....................
Nebraska....................
N evada.......................
NewH am pshire.........
New Jersey.................
New M exico...............
New Y ork..................
North Carolina...........
North D akota............
Ohio............................
Oklahoma..................
Oregon........................
Pennsylvania.............
Porto R ico..................
1097
2074,2075
186
138
244
186
208
209
186
254
186* ......... 297
305
186
186
311
244
Porto R ico..................
South Dakota............
2015
T exas.......................... 2076,2077 244
U ta h ...........................
2110
Vermont.....................
186
2156
Virginia......................
W ashington................
2179
W isconsin...................
2305
W y om ing................... 2345,2346
(See also Paym ent of
wages; Protection
of wages; Wages as
preferred claims.)
Sunday labor:
Alabama.....................
159,160
A laska........................
187
Arizona.......................
186
232
Arkansas.....................
306,307
Sunday labor—Concld.
Colorado.....................
Connecticut................
Delaware....................
Florida........................
Georgia.......................
H aw aii........................
Idaho..........................
Illinois.........................
Indiana.......................
Iowa............................
K ansas........................
K entucky...................
Louisiana...................
Maine..........................
Maryland...................
M assachusetts............
811
270
346
487,488
522
538,553
738
773
844
967,968
1051
1095
1153
1159
1236
1317.1318
1422
1559,1560
1563
1590
1687-1689
1708
1762,1767
1821-1824
1828
Page.
330
395
73
Rhode Islan d .............
South Carolina.........!
South D akota............
Tennessee...................
T exas..........................
U tah............................
Verm ont.....................
Virginia
..............
W ashington...............
W est Virginia............
W isconsin...................
W yom ing...................
United S tates............
(See also W eekly day
of rest.)
Surgical, etcv appliances
to be furnished. (See
Accidents, provisions
for.)
Suspension of labor laws.
(See Emergency sus
pension, etc.)
Suspension of work, no
tice of:
fiAiifh PiflrnHna
327
402
403,414
422,424
431,433
470
490,491
499
523
539,540
664
744
767
814
841
876
920
943,944
960,962
Bulletin.
No.
244
Page.
110,111
244 "132, is
186
13;
257
47
213 " ........... 73
244
187
257
53
1046
1105,1106
1146
1166
1238
221
1319 244
244
224
1357
1404-1406 166
169,170
1434
1551,1552
1563-1565
259
1590,1591 244
1701 244
271
1706
1749 244’ .........27i
1818
1958 166
199
307
244
1987
1996,2006
2016
2032
2090,2091
2123,2124
2140
2160,2161 213
147
2181,2184
2230
2309,2310 186
422
2347
380
2430,2435 244
121
257
2008
Sweating system:
405
Connecticut................
547,548
Illinois........................
Indiana.......................
647,648
Maryland....................
917-919 166
982,983
Massachusetts............
Michigan . . . . ___
1068,1069
Missouri...................... 1181,1182
New Jersey................ 1391,1392 244
New Y ork..................
1487 186
1516-1520
1553
Ohio............................ 1650,1651
101-104
237-239
259,260
165
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 143.
Page.
Sweating system —Concld
Pennsylvania ____’
No.
1839,1840 186
1847,1848
1927,1928
Tennessee...................
186
W isconsin................... 2263-2266
Syndicalism. (See Sa
botage.)
Page.
•
339
377,378
T.
Taxes of employees, lia
bility of employers for.
(See L iability of em
ployers, etc.)
Telegraph o p e r a t o r s ,
hours of labor of. (See
Hours of labor of em
ployees on railroads.)
Telegraph'operators, rail
road, age of employ
ment, etc., of:
Arizona.......................
212,213
Colorado.....................
343
Georgia.......................
479
Nebraska....................
1314
New Y ork..................
1550
W isconsin...................
2287
Telegraph, etc., wires
crossing r a i l r o a d s ,
height of. (See Rail
road tracks, etc.)
Temporary laws, etc.,
Qiimmnfv nf
144-150
Tenant factories:
\T T YnrV
mT
1513-1515
Tenement manufactures.
(See Sweating system.)
Tenements, workrooms
in, fireproofing of:
California....................
321
Pennsylvania.............
186
339
Termination of employ
ment. (See Em ploy
ment of labor; Employ
ment, termination of,
notice of.)
Threats. (See Intimida
tion.)
Thrashing m a c h i n e s ,
g u a r d s for. ( See
Guards, etc.)
Time for meals or rest:
Arizona.......................
206
Arkansas....................
186
78
California....................
269 213
31
244
94
D elaware....................
445 244
115
Indiana.......................
647
Iow a............................
i8 * ....... 161
6
Louisiana................... 848,851,859 213
53
Maine..........................
186
181
Maryland....................
915 213
55
Massachusetts............
977 244
187
Minnesota.................. 1120,1141
New Hampshire........
1370 186* ......... 237
New Jersey................ 1415,1416
New Y ork.................. 1512,1533 iee" ......... 182
186
255
Ohio............................ 1649,1697
Oregon........................
1752 213* **ii8’ii9
122-127
Pennsylvania............
1929
W ashington...............
244* ......... 352
W isconsin..................
2269 244
365
W yom ing...................
186
436
Time to vote to be al
lowed employees:
Alabama.....................
165
Alaska........................
186
65,66
Arizona.......................
208,207
Bulletin
No. 148.
B ulletin.
Page.
Time to vote to be al
lowed employees—Con.
Arkansas....................
California....................
Colorado.....................
Illin o is.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indiana.......................
I o wa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Kansas........................
K entu ck y..................
Maryland....................
Massachusetts............
Minnesota...................
Missouri. . ..................
N ebraska................. .
N evada.......................
New Mexico...............
New Y ork..................
Ohio............................
Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . .
South Dakot a. . . . . . . .
U tah............................
W est Virginia
.
W yom ing...................
(See also Protection
of employees as
voters.)
Tips, receiving or giving:
Arkansas.....................
Georgia
. . .
Illinois .
Iowa
.
......
Colorado ..................
Connecticut. . . . . . . . .
Delaware....................
District of Columbia..
F lo rid a......................
Illinois__ . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indiana . . . . . . .
Iowa . . . .
.
Kansas . . . . . . . .
No.
Page.
246
262
328
541,582
634
719.720
768
809,815
897,898
971,1039
1095
1169
1280
1345
1441
1458 257* ...........77
1694
1707
2 0 1 0 ,2 0 1 1
2106 244
2229
2347
254
Mississippi.................. 1152,1153
Toilet rooms, etc., for em
ployees:
Alabama.....................
Alaska
California
....
Bulletin.
338
257' ...........35
141,142
186
168
186
55
257
186 ” ......... 374
143,144
213
161 186
186
291 186
213
244
363,394
404.412
431 186
432,436 244
456
475
570,571
589,617
623,624
647,683
740, 760 186
804,805 186
63
67
88
30,31
93,94
126
115-117
159
169
170,175
173,174
244
830,833
860,861
141
979,982 166
1053
1067,1088
1096
Minnesota...................
1179,1182 186
207,208
Missouri............. .
1 2 1 1 ,1 2 1 2 244
209
Montana.....................
1247
1281,1298
Nebraska
244* .........227
New Hampshire __
_
159,160
New Jersey
1382 166
1390,1391 244
239-242
1408,1419
1510-1512 166
178,179
New York
184,185
1515,1526
269-271
1535 186
278-283
286
244
251
1579,1580
North Carolina
Ohio
1649,1650 213
112,113
1669,1670
K en tu ck y... . . . . . . .
Louisiana
....
Massachusetts
M ichigan.......... . .
166
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Toilet rooms, etc., for
employees—
-Concluded.
Oklahoma...................
Oregon........................
pfvnnsy. va n ia .............
■RTindft Island _ . _. „. ,
South Carolina...........
South Dakota............
Texas..........................
Virginia.......................
W ashington................
W est V irginia............
W isconsin,,,
W yom ing...................
Trade-marks of mechan
ics:
New Jersey................
Wisconsin...................
Trade-marks of tradeunions, etc., list of laws
protecting............ .........
Trade-marks of tradeunions. (See also Pub
lic printing, union label
to be used on.)
Trade-unions. (See La
bor organizations.)
Trading, coercion of em
ployees in. (See Coer
cion.)
Transportation of em
ployees:
California....................
Massachusetts............
Trench c o n s t r u c t i o n ,
safety orders:
California....................
Truck system. (See Com
pany stores.)
T u n n e l s . (^C o m
pressed air, work in;
Mines, etc.)
No.
Page.
Page.
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
V.
1717
1741-1743
186
?13
1802 186
1803,1827 244
1865,1866
1898,1930
1934,1935
1971 244
1973,1977
1994,2002
2026
2036 244
2037,2059
186
2164 166
213
2186,2217 244
2239
2261 186
2265,2266
2322-2325
2350,2351
318
121
354-358
291,298
315
322
389
2 1 0 ,2 1 1
145,149
352
432,433
1377
2307
81-83
263
952
213
39,40
Vaccination of employees:
Connecticut................
M aine..........................
Virginia.......................
Vagrancy. (See Labor,
refusal to perform.)
V entilation of factories.
(See Factories and
workrooms.)
V entilation of mines.
(See M ine regulations.)
V essels, inspection of.
(See Inspection, etc.)
Vessels, loading, etc.:
California....................
Vessels of American con
struction for ocean m ail
service:
U nited S tates............
Violation of contract.
(See E m ploym ent of
labor.)
Violence, advocacy of.
(See Sabotage.)
Vocational
education,
Federal and State ac
tion as to........................
407
867
2155
272,273
2364
244
257
V ocational training:
186
Arkansas.....................
244
Delaware.....................
Indiana.......................
702,703
K entucky................
166
M assachusetts........
257
1432 213
N ew Jersey................
N ew Y ork.................. 1454-1458
P ennsylvania............ 1918-1920
186
W isconsin___
244
Volunteer servants. (See
Em ploym ent of labor.)
Voters, protection of em
ployees as. (See Pro
tection of employees,
etc.)
Voting b y railroad em
ployees, etc. (See Rail
road employees, etc.,
voting by.)
Voting, tim e for. (See
Time to vote.)
51-53
23,24
83
124
36
55-57
85,86
423
366,367
W.
U.
U nemployment, commis
sion on, resolution as t o .
Unemployment, commit
tee to investigate:
Oregon........................
U nem ploym ent i n s u r
ance. (See Insurance,
unemploy m ent.)
Unemployment, p r o v isions for:
Idaho..........................
New Jersey................
North Carolina...........
Pennsylvania............
Uniforms, influencing rail
road employees not to
wear. (See Railroad
employees, uniforms of.)
Union label. (See Pub
lic printing, union label
to be used on; Trade
marks of trade-unions.)
U nion newspapers, pub
lic advertising in:
N ew Jersey.................
B ulletin
No. 148.
B ulletin.
149
244
186
186
244
244
1402
276
135-137
240,241
255
284,285
Wage brokers:
Colorado.....................
Delaware....................
Georgia.......................
Illinois........................
Indiana...................
Louisiana...................
Maine..........................
M aryland...................
Michigan.....................
Minnesota...................
M ississippi.
M ontana..............
Nebraska..
N ew Jersey.............
N ew Y ork..................
O hio............................
Tennessee...................
T exas..........................
U tah............................
Virginia.......................
(See also Assignment
of wages.)
Wages as preferred claims:
Alabama.....................
A laska........................
350,351 244
434
257
621,622 244
676,677
862 21.3
244
257
186
1133,1134
166
1246,1247
1287-1290 186
1374-1376 166
1458-1461 166
1672,1673 186
244
186
244
257
151
186,187
99,100
35
155
51,52
181,182
51
191-193
145
219-222
153-155
187-190
301-304
322
386-388
335
11 0
167
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Wages as p r e f e r r e d
claims—Concluded.
A rizona.......................
Arkansas....................
California...................
Colorado................... .
Connecticut................
D elaware.................. ..
Georgia.......................
Idaho..........................
Illinois.........................
Indiana.......................
Iow a............................
Kansas........................
L ouisiana...................
Maine..........................
Maryland...................
Massachusetts............
MifVhtoan
Minnesota...................
Missouri......................
Montana.....................
Nebraska....................
N evada.......................
New Ham pshire........
New Jersey.................
New Mexico...............
New Y ork..................
North Carolina...........
North D akota............
Ohio............................
Oregon........................
Pennsylvania___ . . . .
Philippine Islands__
Rhode Islan d.............
South D akota............
Texas..........................
U tah............................
Verm ont.....................
Washington...............
W isconsin...................
W yoming...................
United States............
Wages, assignment of.
(See Assignment of
wages.)
W ages, attachment of.
(See A ttachm ent of
wages.)
Wages, combinations to
fix:
Louisiana...................
W ages, deducting from,
for benefit societies.
(See Forced contribu
tions.)
W ages,discounting. (See
Paym ent of wages,
modes and tim es of.)
Wages due deceased em
ployees. (Se« Payment
of wages due, etc.)
Wages due from con
tractors. ( ^ L i a b i l i t y
of stockholders; Protec
tion of wages.)
207,208
231,233
270,271
323
324,348
397
427
428,43a
482
522
535,538
540,541
631,632
638,639
738,739
769
772,773
848
874
898,899
^ 7 ,9 4 8
1050,1052
1104
1155
1159,1160
1235-1237
1279
1321,1322
1336-1338
1356
1373,1374
1376,1396
1397,1403
1440
1454,1478
1563
1590
1687,1688
1747,1748
1766-1768
1786
1822-1824
1829
1949
1986
2015
2076,2077
2105,2109
2110,2123
2136,2144
2180
2267,2268
2304,2305
2330
2331,2346
2406,2407
850,851
Bulletin.
No. 148.
Bulletin.
No.
244
Page.
159
186
108
166
182
186
311
186
395
Page.
Wages due from m unici
palities:
Massachusetts............
Missouri......................
Wages du e from prede
cessors, liability of rail
road companies for:
W isconsin.. . . . . . . . . . .
Wages, exem ption of.
(See E xem ption of
wages.)
Wages, garnishment of.
(See Garnishment of
wages.)
Wages, liability of stock-,
holders of corporations
for, lis t of iaws deter
m ining............................
Wages of employees on
public works, reten
tion of:
California....................
Wages, paym ent of. (See
Paym ent of wages.)
W a g e s , preference of.
(See Wages as preferred
claims.)
W a g e s , protection of.
(See P r o t e c t i o n of
wages.)
Wages, rates of. (See
Rates of wages.)
Wages, recovery of. (See
Suits for wages.)
Wages, reduction of, no
tice of:
Missouri......................
Texas..........................
Wages, refusing to pay:
California....................
Connecticut................
Indiana.......................
Minnesota...................
Montana.....................
North Dakota............
Oregon........................
W ashington................
(See also Suits for
wages.)
Wages, security for. (See
Mechanics' liens; Pro
tection of wages; Wages
as preferred claims.)
Wages, suits for. (See
Suits for wages.)
Wages withheld as se
curity:
Louisiana...................
W a g e s , withholding.
(See Extortion; Forced
contributions; Wages,
refusal to pay.)
W aiver of right to dam
ages . (See Contracts of
employees
waiving
right to damages.)
War emergency. (See
Emergency.)
W a s h r o o m s , waterc l o s e t s , e t c . (See
Toilet rooms.)
Water for drinking, etc.:
California....................
Delaware....................
Iowa............................
Kansas........................
Massachusetts............
Missouri......................
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
967,968
1163
2280
79
274,275
1161
2086
275
407
639 ....I
_
1107 186
2 01
1242
244' ......... 257
244
272
2182
852
186
213
244
244
90
31
94
117
740
244* ......... i.73
960,979 186
185
186
207
168
CUM ULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
B ulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
No.
Water, for drinking,etc.—
Concluded.
New Jersey................
166
244
1510 166
New Y ork..................
1670 186
Ohio............................
Pennsylvania............. 1930,1935 186
Rhode Island.............
257
W eekly day of rest:
276,277
California....................
422
Connecticut................
213
Maryland....................
............
972,973 213
Massachusetts
Page.
160
241
178
269,282
355
93
61
76,77
1 0 2 1 ,1 0 2 2
New Y ork..................
1478 166
186
186
244
257
186
2436 244
185
254
258,259
118,119
122-127
329,330
308
91
392
380
244
257
305
91
213
Pfinnsylvfl/nift r . ____
(See also D ays of
rest.)
W eight that workman
m ay carry:
Porto R ico..................
Widows, employm ent of
children of. (See Chil
dren of widows.)
W ife’s earnings. (See
Earnings of married
women.)
W indow cleaning, safety
orders:
California....................
W iping cloths or rags:
California....................
Massachusetts............
Women and children.
(See C h i l d r e n a n d
women.)
W o m e n , childbearing,
employm ent of:
Connecticut................
Massachusetts............
N ew Y ork..................
Verm ont.....................
Women, employm ent of,
commission on:
Illinois........................
Women, employment of,
general provisions:
California
Delaware....................
District of Columbia
Kansas........................
Kentucky...................
Louisiana...................
213
37
300,301 244
1019
91
424
1000
1513
2145 244
349
244
154,155
261
431-433
166
29,30
171-175
186
833,834
848,849 i 6 6 * ...........94
244
175
1018 166
Massachusetts............
125
183
186
Nebraska.................... 1291,1292
244
258
North D akota............
Ohio............................ 1648,1649
i27
Oregon........................
213 ' ~il7—
329
Pennsylvania
....... 1928-1933 186
330,359
244
277,278
347,348
244
V erm ont.....................
397,398
W ashingt on................
186
Women, employm ent of,
in barrooms, etc.:
187
Alaska.........................
211
Arizona.......................
415
Connecticut................
Delaware....................
i29
186
Page.
Bulletin.
No.
Page.
Women, employm ent of,
in barrooms, etc.—Con.
724
Iow a............................
841 213
54
Louisiana...................
920
Maryland....................
Michigan..................... 1042,1070
1165
Missouri......................
1360
New Ham pshire........
1540
New Y ork..................
1977
Rhode Island ...........
2092
Texas .......................
Utah............................ 2129,2131
2139
Verm ont.....................
210
Virginia.......................
166
2187
Washington................
Women, employm ent of,
in canneries:
29-32
213
C alifornia................
244
92-951561
New Y ork..................
Women, employm ent of,
in dangerous, etc.^ oc
cupations:
861
Louisiana...................
1130
Minnesota...................
Missouri......................
1179
1513 186
287,288.
New Y ork.................j
Ohio............................
1653
359
Pennsylvania.............
186
244
298,299
2238
W est Virginia.............
Wisconsin................... 2268-2271
Women, employm ent of,
in mines:
201
Arizona
....
2271
W isconsin...................
(See also Children
and women.)
Women, employm ent of,
in
moving
heavy
weights:
213
California
32
183
Massachusetts............ 1 0 1 1 ,1 0 1 2 186
1018
213
Ohio............................
114
Women, employm ent of,
(See also Children and
women; Seats for fe
male employees; Sex
no disqualification for
em ploym ent.)
Women, hiring out to
support husbands in
idleness:
850
Louisiana...................
1566
North Carolma........... |
Women, hours of labor of:
Arizona.......................
205,206
Arkansas.....................
186
78-80
295 213
30
California....................
244 80,92,93
395
Colorado.....................
417,418 244
109
Connecticut................
Delaware....................
439,440 244
115
29,30
District of Columbia
166
483
Georgia.......................
Idaho..........................
534
Illinois.........................
574
175
Kansas........................
i 86 '"171—
174
244
833
Kentucky...................
i
• • J...................
859 213
53
Louisiana...................
Maine..........................
181,182
869 186
55
Maryland....................
905 213
906,915
971 186
Massachusetts............
183
75
972,1000 213
257
55
196
Michigan..................... 1041,1063 186
169
CUMULATIVE INDEX.
Bulletin
No. 148.
Page.
Women, hours, of labor
of—Concluded.
Minnesota.................
Mississippi...........
Missouri...............
Montana..............
Nebraska.............
Nevada................
New Hampshire.
N ew Jersey.
N ew Y o r k ..
North Carolina..
North Dakota..,
Ohio................. .
Oklahoma........
Oregon..............
P enn sylvan ia...
Porto R ico....... .
Rhode Island. . .
South Carolina.,
South D akota..
Tennessee.........
T exas--U tah.......
Vermont.
Virginia..
1119
1120,1141
1175,1176
1277
1292
1355
1370,1371
1422
1494,1495
1533,1561
1593
1649
1755
1827,1929
1961
1984,1985
2001,2003
2025
2057,2058
2062,2063
2103,2104
2130,2131
2145
2157,2158
Washington.,
2216
W isconsin....
W yom ing—
2268,2269
Women, married, earn
ings of. (See Earnings
of married women.)
Bulletin
No. 148.
Bulletin.
Bulletin.
No.
No.
Women, night work by:
Arkansas..................
Connecticut..............
Delaware..................
District of Columbia.
Indiana.....................
Kansas......................
Maryland..................
Massachusetts..........
Nebraska..................
New Hampshire____
166
211
217
223
237.238
229.238
182
258
248
10,81
295
261
307,308
311
118-120
122-127
272
N ew Y ork.
P enn sylvan ia..,
Porto R ico.......
South Carolina.
W isconsin..........
Women, wages of:
California.........
418
.645
972
1292
1370
1513,1533
1929
1961
2003
Louisiana...................
Massachusetts............ 986,1012
Michigan.....................
1041
(See also Children
and women: Mini
mum wages.)
W omen’s exchanges, in
corporation of:
Indiana.......................
633
Woodworking, s a f e t y
orders:
California...................
213
Work, compulsory. ( See
Labor, requirement of.)
Workingmen’s homes,
commission on:
Massachusetts............ 1009,1019
Workingmen’s
trains.
( See Transportation of
employees.)
Workmen’s compensa
tion, commissions o n ...
Workrooms. (See Fac
tories and workrooms.)
367
203
379
380,383
389,390
349
210
107,110
397,398
351
368
436
370
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