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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
CHILDREN’S BUREAU
-
-
-
PUBLICATION No. 245
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
Two-Year Period Ended December 31, 1936
AND
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS
Year Ended June 30, 1936
%
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
FRANCES PERKINS, Secretary
^ C H I L D R E N ’S BUREAU
K A TH AR IN E F. LENROOT, Chief
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
Two-Year Period Ended December 31, 1936
AND
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS
Year Ended June 30, 1936
BASED ON INFORMATION SUPPLIED BY JUVENILE COURTS
(398 COURTS IN 1935 AND 384 COURTS IN 1936) AND BY
THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
NINTH REPORT
Bureau Publication No. 245
f
!
f
k
U NITED STATES
GOVERNM ENT PR IN TIN G OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1939
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D . C.
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Price 20 cents
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CONTENTS
Page
•
'
Introduction___________________________________________________________
Source of information and plan of report____________________________
Part I.— Juvenile-court statistics for the 2-year period ended December
31, 1936._______ _______ ________ _______ ____ ______ _____ ____________
The reporting area________________________________________________ _
Trends in delinquency cases___________________ ___________________II
Number o f cases___________________ ___________________________
Age of boys and of girls___________________ ____________________
Race of boys and o f girls__________________________ ________ ____
Home conditions______________________________________________
Reason for reference to court________________________________ _
Place of detention care_________________________________________
Disposition o f cases____________________________________________
Previous court experience______________________________________
Trends in dependency and neglect cases_________________
Summary tables— Juvenile-court statistics, 1935____________________
Delinquency cases_________________________________ _____ ______
Dependency and neglect cases____________________ ____________
Special-proceedings cases______________________________________
Cases of children discharged from supervision__________________
Summary tables— Juvenile-court statistics, 1936____________________
Delinquency cases________ _____________________ ___ _________ _
Dependency and neglect cases_______________________________
Special-proceedings cases___________________________ ___________
Cases o f children discharged from supervision__________________
Source tables— Juvenile-court statistics, 1935_______________________
Delinquency cases_____________________________________________
Dependency and neglect cases__________________________________
Cases of children discharged from supervision__________________
Source tables— Juvenile-court statistics, 1936_______________________
Delinquency cases___________________________________________
Dependency and neglect cases_________________________________
Cases of children discharged from supervision__________________
Part II.— Federal juvenile offenders for the year ended June 30, 1936____
Introduction_________________________________ ______________________
Federal juvenile offenders brought to the attention of United States
probation officers__________________________________ ______________
Federal juvenile offenders received in jails and held pending t r i a l__
Federal juvenile offenders discharged from detention after being held
pending trial_______________________________________________ ______
Federal juvenile offenders placed on probation and those received
under sentence in jails and in Federal institutions_________________
Summary____ _____________________________________________________
1
1
3
3
5
7
9
11
13
14
15
17
19
20
25
27
37
42
43
45
47
57
61
62
63
72
92
97
103
111
129
134
141
143
143
148
149
151
155
ILLUSTRATIONS
Map 1.— Geographic distribution of areas from which juvenile-court
statistics were reported in 1936______________________________
2.— Geographic distribution of the 28 courts that reported juvenilecourt statistics each year; 1929-36_________________
Chart 1.— Boys’ and girls’ delinquency cases disposed o f by 28 courts:
1929-36— . - . . .........................................................................
2. — Age distribution in boys’ and girls’ delinquency cases disposed
of by 28 courts in 1936_____________________________________
3. — Race and sex of children in delinquency cases disposed of by 28
courts; 1929-36__________________________________ _________
h i
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4
6
8
11
12
IV
CONTENTS
Chart 4.— Reasons for reference to court in boys’ and girls’ delinquency
cases disposed of by 28 courts in 1936._____ ________ _
15
5.— Place of detention care in boys’ and girls’ delinquency cases dis
posed of by 28 courts- 1935 and 1936_________ _____ _______
17
Disposition of boys’ and girls’ delinquency cases dealt with bv
28 courts; 1935 and 1936___________________________
_
jg
7. — Previous court experience of white and Negro boys and girls
7 to 15 years of age in delinquency cases disposed of by 27
in
courts in 1936________________ ;________________
8. — Boys’ and girls’ dependency and neglect cases disposed of bv 27
courts; 1929-36_______________ ________________
_
21
m
4*
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JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS AND FEDERAL
JUVENILE OFFENDERS1
INTRODUCTION
The present report is the ninth in the series^ on juvenile-court sta
tistics and the fourth in the series on Federal juvenile offenders.
The Children’s Bureau plan for the collection, analysis, and inter
pretation of iuvenile-court statistics was inaugurated in 1926 in order
to make available current information concerning the trends in juvenile
delinquency. The analysis of data concerning Federal juvenile of
fenders was initiated by the Children’s Bureau in 1932. The publi
cation of statistics on Federal juvenile offenders is a continuation of
the cooperation of the Children’s Bureau with the Department of
Justice m furthering that Department’s program for the treatment
of Federal juvenile offenders according to juvenile-court principles.
In order to bring the material on juvenile-court statistics to date
the data for 1935 and 1936 have been incorporated in one report and
the discussion and analysis have been materially condensed. The de
tailed data on juvenile delinquency rates which have been presented in
previous reports on juvenile-court statistics have been omitted in this
report because recent population estimates necessary for the compu
tation of rates are not available. The United States Bureau of the
Census has not made estimates of population for individual cities since
July 1,1933. In the absence of more recent estimates it has appeared
undesirable to use as a base for the juvenile-delinquency rates the
1933 estimates of population.
SOURCE OF INFORMATION AND PLAN OF REPORT
Part I, Juvenile-Court Statistics for the 2-Year Period Ended D e
cember 31, 1936, is based on data supplied by courts cooperating with
the Children’s Bureau in the plan for obtaining uniform statistics of
delinquency, dependency and neglect, and other cases of children
dealt with by juvenile courts. The analysis presented deals largely
with cases of delinquent children.
The data regardmg juvenile-court statistics are reported to the
Children’s Bureau either directly by individual courts or under a
State-wide system. A court cooperating individually sends to the
Bureau a card for each case disposed of by the court and a card for
each case of a child discharged from supervision during the year.
These cards are tabulated in the Bureau, and tables showing all the
essential facts for the cases are returned to the court. Under the
State-wide system the courts furnish to the State welfare department
1Material compiled in the Division of Statistical Research of the Children’s Bureau. Report written
by Bemadine A. Fouch, supervisor of juvenile-court statistics.
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2
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5
AND 1 9 3 6
or other^State agency concerned with juvenile-court work or probation
service, information regarding their cases; the State office consolidates
the material and supplies the Children’s Bureau with an annual report
for each court in the State. Much more detailed information regard
ing cases is obtainable under the system of reporting by individual
courts, as it is possible to make correlations between the items re
ported; for example, the age of the child and the reason for reference
to the court, or the age of the child and the place of care pending
hearing. Under the State-wide plan based on summary tables, such
correlations are not possible.
Part I includes the following:
The reporting area, (pp. 3 to 5).— A brief description of the areas
that have reported juvenile-court statistics.
Trends in delinquency cases (pp. 5 to 20).— An analysis of the trend
in the number of delinquency cases reported by 28 courts during the
8-year period 1929-36.
Trends in dependency and neglect cases (pp. 20 to 24).— An analysis
of the trend in the number of dependency and neglect cases reported by
27 courts during the 8-year period 1929-36.
Summary tables, juvenile-court statistics jo r 19S5 (pp. 25 to 43) and
fo r 1936 (pp. 45 to 62).— Tables based upon the combined figures for
the courts that reported in 1935 and 1936. All tables other than
numbers 1, 9,14, 18,19, 27, 29, and 30 are based upon figures received
from courts reporting on the individual-court plan.
Source tables, juvenile-court statistics fo r 1935 (pp. 63 to 102) and fo r
1936 (pp. 103 to 139).— Tables giving data for entire States, for individual
courts serving areas of 100,000 or more population, and for certain
groupings of smaller courts.
Part II, Federal Juvenile Offenders for the Year Ended June 30,
1936, presents information concerning the juveniles under 19 years of
age who violated Federal laws and came to the attention of Federal
authorities during the period. The statistics presented have been
compiled by the Bureau of Prisons of the Department of Justice.
These cases are not included in the statistics obtained from juvenile
courts, unless Federal jurisdiction is waived and arrangements are
made for these juvenile offenders to be dealt with under State law in
their home communities.
The analysis in part I of cases dealt with by the juvenile courts is
based on reports of cases at the time of disposition, whereas the sta
tistics for Federal juvenile offenders are based on reports assembled,
at different stages m the handling of the cases. The second part of
the report thus includes information on offenders brought to the atten
tion of the United States probation officers, on offenders received in
jails and held pending trial, on offenders discharged from detention
after being held in jails and other institutions pending trial, and on
offenders placed under supervision or received under sentence in jails
and in Federal institutions.
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PART I.— JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS FOR THE 2-YEAR
PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1936
THE REPORTING AREA
The reporting area for juvenile-court statistics for the calendar year
1936 included approximately 34 percent of the total population of the
United States; the area for 1935 included 30 percent. The increase
in 1936 was the result of an addition of certain courts located in more
populous areas. The reporting area in 1936 included 5 entire States
(Connecticut, Massachusetts, Michigan, Rhode Island, and Utah);
areas of Indiana and New York comprising 82 and 93 percent, respec
tively, of the population of those States; the District of Columbia;
and approximately 40 individual courts in other States.
The reporting area for 1935 included 398 individual courts, of which
80 serve areas of 100,000 or more population. The reporting area
for 1936 included 384 individual courts, of which 78 serve areas of
100,000 or more population.
Table A shows the number of courts reporting and the number of
States represented in the reporting area for each year from 1927 to
1936, inclusive.
T able A .— Num ber o f courts reporting under a State-wide system , number reporting
individually, and number o f States represented; courts that served areas with 1 0 0 ,0 0 0
or more population, and those that served areas with less than 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 population;1
1 9 2 7 -8 6
States represented 1
Courts reporting
Individually
Under State-wide system
Year
Total
Total
1928...........
1929............
1930...........
1931............
1932............
1933...........
1934...........
1935..........1936...........
443
65
96
92
169
267
284
334
398
384
7
7
8
97
•218
•239
1 294
1 359
•349
Serving Serving
Serving Serving
areas
areas
areas
areas
with
with
with
with
100,000
less
than
100,000 less than Total3
or more 100,000
or more 100,000
popula
popula
popula popula
tion
tion
tion
tion
1
1
1
4
35
48
44
49
50
6
6
7
93
183
191
250
310
299
•43
58
89
- 84
72
49
45
40
39
35
27
31
33
36
39
33
32
30
31
28
16
27
56
48
33
16
13
10
8
7
Total
16
17
21
24
24
25
27
26
27
26
Under' Indi
State vidu
wide
system ally 1
1
1
1
2
54
•6
»6
17
•7
16
16
20
23
22
21
21
20
20
19
i According to the 1930 census.
* Includes the District of Columbia.
.
_
..
,
3 individual reports were also available for certain courts that reported under a State-wide system: 1928
and 1929,7 courts; 1930,8 courts; 1931,7 courts; 1932,19 courts; 1933,22 courts; 1934,25 courts; 1935 and 1936,
29^Includes the District of Columbia, which was not included in the 1927 report because the cards were not
received until after tabulations for that report were completed.
* Includes New York State courts serving 90 percent of the total population of that State.
•Includes New Jersey State courts and New York State courts serving 84 percent and 91 percent, respec
tively, of the total population of these States.
.
A
.
...
7includes Indiana Statecourtsand New York State courts serving 76 percent and 93 percent, respectively,
of the total population of these States.
.
,
.
.. .
,
* Includes Indiana State courts and New York State courts serving 82 and 93 percent, respectively, of the
total population of these States.
_
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MAP 1.-G E O G R A PH IC DISTRIBUTION OF AREAS FROM WHICH JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS WERE REPORTED IN 1936
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 19 3 5 AND
19 3 6
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JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5
AND
193 6
5
The area reporting was particularly representative of large cities.
In 1935 it included 65 percent of the population of the United States
living in cities of 100,000 or more population; and in 1936, 66 percent.
The geographic distribution of the areas that reported for the cal
endar year 1936 is shown on map 1. The courts included in these
areas submitted data regarding 63,320 delinquency cases, 23,599
dependency and neglect cases, 1,317 special-proceedings cases, and
20,808 cases of children discharged frojn supervision.
Table B gives the number of case's of delinquency, dependency and
neglect, special-proceedings, and children discharged from supervision,
as reported by the courts each year from 1927 to 1936.
T a b le B .— Num ber o f cases o f each specified type reported by courts cooperating each
yea r; 1927—8 6
Cases disposed of
Number
of courts
reporting
Year
1927
...................................
1928
1929
1930..................... .....................
1931......................... -.................
1932........................... -.............
1933................-.........................1934............................................
1935............................................
1936................- ....... -..............-
43
65
96
92
169
267
284
334
398
384
Total
42,915
55' 171
65,117
75,401
83,313
89,680
90,836
90,300
96,696
88,236
Delin
quency
30,363
38^882
46|312
53,757
59,880
65,274
68,039
66,651
71,475
63,320
Depend
ency and
neglect
12,552
16; 289
18,805
20,711
22,317
23,235
21,605
22,499
24,019
23,599
Special
proceed
ings 1
933
1,116
1,171
1,192
1,150
1,202
1,317
Cases of
children
discharged
fromsuper
vision
6,647
10,429
10,493
»7,562
17,356
18,737
16,928
17,490
20,625
20,808
i Special-proceedings cases were not reported prior to 1930. They include cases of petitions for commit
ment of feeble-minded children, adoption cases, controversies regarding custody of a child, children held as
material witnesses, and certain other types.
1 Exlusive of New York City, for which a complete report was not available.
TRENDS IN DELINQUENCY CASES
Trends in delinquency cases from 1929 to 1936 are based on statistics
received from 28 courts.2 These courts are the only ones serving areas
of 100,000 or more population that reported comparable figures for
each year of the 8-year period. Although the courts included 3 have
not been selected on a sampling basis, they are believed to be fairly
representative of the entire reporting area. The combined areas in
clude approximately 15 percent of the total population of the United
States with all geographic areas represented. (Map 2.) The sex,
race, and age distribution and the social characteristics of the children
dealt with by these courts are comparable in general to similar data
for all reporting courts.
» Trends in delinquency cases presented in the reports on juvenile-court statistics for 1932,1933, and 1934
were based on statistics received from 30 courts. Two of these courts (Ramsey County, Minn., and Mercer
County, N. J.) did not report in 1936.
» Mobile County, Ala.; San Diego County, Calif.; Bridgeport (city), Conn.; District of Columbia; Lake
and Marion Counties, Ind.; Polk County, Iowa; Caddo Parish, La.; Kent County, Mich.; Hennepin
County, Minn.; Hudson County, N. J.; New York City, and Erie, Monroe, Rensselaer, and Westchester
Counties, N. Y .; Franklin, Hamilton, Mahoning, and Montgomery Counties, Ohio; Multnomah County,
Oreg.; Allegheny and Montgomery Counties and Philadelphia (city and county), Pa.; Greenville County,
S. C.; Third district, Utah; Norfolk (city), Va.; and Pierce County, Wash.
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JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5 AND
19 3 6
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JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 19 35 AND
7
19 36
Detailed data regarding delinquency oases disposed of by the courts
in the entire reporting area during 1935 and 1936 are presented in the
summary tables (pp. 25 to 62) and the source tables (pp. 63 to 139).
This report, however, presents text material concerning the trends in
juvenile delinquency only for the group of 28 courts for^ which com
parable data are available for each year of the 8-year period.
For the 28 courts, material is presented showing the number of
cases disposed of each year, the age of the boys and girls dealt with,
the race of the boys and girls dealt with, the place where the child,
was living when referred to court, the reason for reference to court,
the place of care pending hearing or disposition of the case, and the
disposition made by the court. Analysis of previous court experience
of children dealt with is presented for delinquency cases that were
disposed of by 27 of the 28 courts during 1936.
Number of Cases.
During 1936 there were 26,773 cases disposed of by the 28 courts
(22,630 boys’ cases and 4,143 girls’ cases). This number was sub
stantially lower than in any previous year (table C). There was a
T able C .— Num ber of boys’ and o f girls’ delinquency cases disposed o f by 2 8 courts
that reported throughout the period 1 9 2 9 -8 6 1
Delinquency cases disposed of
Delinquency cases disposed of
Year
Year
Total
192«.......................
1930
...........
1931...... ..............1932.......................
36,902
37,670
36,221
32,955
Boys
30,625
31,480
30,664
28,106
Total
Girls
6,277
6,090
5,557
4,849
1933
1934
1935.
1936.
Boys
Girls
4,596
28,127
..................32,723
-.................
..................
4,883
27,296
__________32,179
__________
—
4,649
25,905
..................30,554
.................. ..................
4,143
22,630
26,773
...........
i includes only official cases for Franklin County, Ohio, and Pierce County, Wash., because these courts
did not report unofficial cases every year.
decrease of 12 percent in 1936 as compared with 1935 in the total
number of cases disposed of by the courts. The decrease m 1935 as
compared with 1934 amounted to 5 percent. The number of boys
cases was 28 percent smaller in 1936 than in 1930, the peak year re
ported for boys’ cases, while the number of girls’ cases was 34 percent
below the number for 1929, the peak year reported for girls cases
^ T a b le D shows the number of cases disposed of by each of the 28
courts during the period under review. Some of the individual courts
showed a marked change between 1935 and 1936 m the number of
cases disposed of. Eight courts reported a larger number of cases
disposed of in 1936 than in 1935, although only 3 courts had an in
crease of more than 100 cases. Of the 20 courts reporting decreases
from 1935 to 1936, the largest decreases appeared m Philadelphia,
New York City, and Mahoning County, Ohio. The substantial re
ductions reported by these 3 courts were primarily responsible for the
marked decrease in the total number of cases disposed of by the 28
In New York one of the contributing factors may have been the
establishment during 1936 of a bureau of adjustments designed to
settle certain types of children’s cases out of court. In Philadelphia
there was a substantial reduction in the number of cases referred to
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8
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5 AND 1 9 8 6
CHART 1.—BOYS’ AND G IRLS’ DELINQUENCY CASES DISPOSED o f BY 28 COURTS; 1929-36
NUMBER
or
CASES
4 0 ,0 0 0
TOTAL
3 0 ,0 0 0
BOYS
20,000
1 8 ,0 0 0
1 6 ,0 0 0
1 4 .0 0 0
12.000
10,000
8,000
GIRLS
4 ,0 0 0
2,000
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
the court by the police. The decrease in the number of cases reported
by the Mahoning County court was attributed to the fact that a large
number of cases handled unofficially by this court were not reported
to the Children’s Bureau for the year 1936, whereas such cases were
reported during previous years.4 An estimate of the number of un
official cases for this court for 1936 on the basis of the average propor
tion of such cases handled during the 7-year period from 1929 to 1935
indicates an increase of 319 cases from 1935 to 1936 rather than a
decrease of 757 cases, which is shown in the tables of this report. If
the 1936 figures for Mahoning County including the estimated number
of unofficial cases were substituted for the reported figures in the com
bined total for the 28 courts, the decrease from 1935 to 1936 would
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JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5
9
AND 1 9 3 6
amount to 9 percent instead of 12 percent. It is believed, however,
that the omission of the unofficial cases of this court does not affect
substantially the distribution of cases given in tables E to K.
T ab le D .— N um ber o f delinquency cases disposed o f by 2 8 courts that served specified
areas and that reported throughout the period 1 9 2 9 -8 6
Delinquency cases disposed of
Area served by court
1920
Total cases_________________
Indiana:
New York:
Ohio:
Pennsylvania:
Philadelphia (city and county).South Carolina: Greenville County..
1930
1931
1932
1935
1936
32,723 32,179
1933
1934
37,570 36,221
32,955
30,554
26,773
219
1,656
461
1,947
177
1,640
470
1,893
160
1,617
445
1,927
140
1,385
611
1,799
165
1,327
378
1,646
222
1,415
589
1,705
193
1,694
362
1,836
136
1,547
311
1,474
242
985
747
275
431
1,097
1,846
477
818
610
291
520
1,053
1,974
350
617
457
338
507
1,203
1,696
266
785
502
304
549
940
1,025
290
835
605
343
470
940
876
343
951
714
415
403
1,089
868
380
1,118
391
357
444
1,128
649
288
1,035
1,135
233
7,956
318
888
1,306
170
7,867
414
597
1,399
224
7,299
243
397
715
167
7,366
190
382
591
171
7,727
134
397
1,181
189
6,292
195
408
1,008
798
6,070
5,127
473
2,034
2,021
752
902
542
2,072
2,151
598
1,172
575
2,550
1,979
578
1,247
470
2,418
2,110
493
839
420
2,298
1,892
454
993
436
2,044
1,887
429
1,101
491
2,360
1,206
558
969
1,290
55
6,955
126
871
852
135
1,128
96
7,517
106
972
774
165
853
74
7,390
91
1,149
728
128
794
76
6,711
80
943
869
126
738
80
6,787
107
1,093
861
105
881
77
6,461
104
917
696
167
796
900
5,735
198
964
4,688
149
846
636
119
36,902
296
476
1,048
464
358
413
2,531
833
1,068
i includes only official cases because court did not report unofficial cases every year.
The gradual decrease from 1930 to 1936 in the number of cases disDosed of, though probably indicating some decrease m the amount ol
juvenile delinquency in the areas covered by the 28 courts, may also
be affected by other factors, such as the policy of the police depart
ments and other agencies in referring cases to court, the intake pro
cedures of the courts, the relation of the courts to other agencies in the
communities, and the extent to which the services of child-welfare
agencies tend to reduce the necessity for court action.
Age of Boys and of Girls.
As has already been stated, the character of the commumty services
available to children and the policies of the courts affect the numbe
of delinquency cases handled by the courts. One of the important
factors to be taken into consideration in interpreting the age dis
tribution of the cases is the age under which the juvenile court has
iurisdiction. The age limit for children coming under juvenile-court
urisdiction is established by State law and m most instances is uniform
throughout a State, although for a few courts the maximum age has
been set by special provision at a higher or a lower level than that for
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10
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS. 1 9 3 5
AND 1 9 3 6
the State as a whole. There have been no changes in age limits of
jurisdiction in these 28 courts during the 8-year period. Fourteen of
the courts had jurisdiction of children under 16 years 6 of age; 3, under
17 years; 10, under 18 years; and 1, under 21 years.
Table E shows the age distribution of the boys and girls who were
dealt with in the cases disposed of by the 28 courts during the period
from 1929 to 1936. ^ There has been very little change from year to
year in the proportion of cases in each age group, although during
1935 and 1936 there was a slight tendency for the percentage of cases
involving children under 14 yearsof age to decrease and for the per
centage of cases involving children 14 to 16 years of age to increase.
T ab le E .— A g e o f boys and girls when referred to court in delinquency cases disposed
o f by 2 8 courts that reported throughout the period 1 9 2 9 -8 6 1
Delinquency cases disposed of
Age of child when referred to court,
and sex
1920
1930
1931
Total cases....... .....................
36,902
37,570
36,221
32,955
32,723
32,179
30,554
26,773
cases____ ____
30,625
31,480 30,664
28,106
28,127
27,296
25,905
22,630
2,071
3,877
7,963
12,680
3,729
78
227
2,038
3,961
7,891
12,984
4,121
136
349
1,659
3,746
7,291
12,818
4,223
130
797
1,601
3,470
6,793
11,443
4,108
141
650
1,600
3,395
7,024
11,507
4,126
124
351
1,373
3,154
6,630
11,945
3,984
111
99
1,342
3,273
6,204
11,186
3,731
107
62
1,035
2,737
5,176
9,997
3,561
85
39
6,277
6,090
5,557
4,849
4,596
4,883
4,649
4,143
198
356
1,192
3,104
1,316
39
72
187
317
1,075
3,034
1,376
68
33
172
295
918
2,724
1,273
57
118
189
279
780
2,354
1,137
49
61
178
269
800
2,217
1,070
47
15
209
306
913
2,420
984
34
17
132
249
832
2,343
1,052
39
2
120
219
732
2,071
967
34
B oy s’
Under 10 years........... ...................
10 years, under 1 2 ............................
12 years, under 14.........................
14 years, under 16.................... ..........
16 years, under 1 8 .......................... .
18 years and over______________
Not reported___________ ________
G irls’
cases___________
Under 10 years_________ __________
10 years, under 12....... ......................
12 years, under 14____ _______
14 years, under 16....................
16 years, under 18.......................
18 years and over................................
Not reported..................... ........
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1Includes only official cases for Franklin County, Ohio, and Pierce County, Wash., because these courts
did not report unofficial cases every year.
In 1936, 40 percent of the boys and 26 percent of the girls were under
14 years of age; 44 percent of the boys and 50 percent of the girls were
14 and 15 years of age; and 16 percent of the boys and 24 percent of the
girls were 16 years or over. The proportion of cases involving boys
and girls over 16 years of age would no doubt have been much larger
had it not been for the limitations on the age jurisdiction of the courts
as previously stated. The number of cases of children 16 and 17 years
of age constituted 34 percent of the total number of cases handled
by the 16 courts that were authorized to deal with children of these
ages, and nearly equaled the number of 14- and 15-year-old children,
who constituted by far the largest group in the courts with jurisdiction
limited to younger children.
Chart 2 shows the age distribution of the boys and girls dealt with
in the cases disposed of during 1936. The girls were older on the
average than the boys.
6The 2 reporting courts in Indians had jurisdiction of boys under 16 years, girls under 18 years.
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JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5 AND
11
19 3 6
CHART 2 .-A G E DISTRIBUTION IN BOYS’ AND GIRLS’ d e l i n q u e n c y c a s e s d i s p o s e d OF BY 28 COURTS
IN 1936
BOYS' CASES
GIRLS* CASES
Race o f Boys and o f Girls.
Table F presents the race distribution of cases, by sex. (See also
chart 3, p. 12.) Among the boys’ cases brought before these 28
T a b le F .— Race, nativity, and parent nativity, in boys’ and in girls’ delinquency
cases disposed o f by 2 8 courts that reported throughout the period 1 9 2 9 -8 6 1
Delinquency cases disposed of
sex of child
1929
Total cases_________________
B oy s’ cases___________________—
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
36,902
37,570 36,221
32,955
32,723
32,179
30,554
26,773
30,625
31,480 30,664
28,106
28,127 27,296
25,905
22,630
26,010 25,036 22,559
22,252 21,154
19,117
16,577
21,686 22,053
21,109
20,265
18,453
16,143
10,233
7,741
479
9,822
6,125
196
White................................................. 24,633
Native........................................ - 21,372
21,419
Native parentage................... 8,740
Foreign or mixed parentage... 11,304
1,328
Parentage not specified_____
8,973
11,304
1,409
9,980
11,035
1,038
10,332
10,267
820
9,883
9,996
1,230
10,209
9,335
721
Foreign-bom.................... ..........
Nativity not specified_________
524
2,737
521
3,803
446
2,537
375
765
456
687
418
471
436
228
328
106
Negro....................... ............. ...........
Other.................. ..............................
4,953
16
1,023
5,428
35
7
5,587
26
15
5,510
35
2
5,847
28
6,107
35
6,765
23
6,015
38
6,277
6,090
5,557
4,849
4,596
4,883
4,649
4,143
4,856
4,703
4,208
3,626
3,392
3,563
3,328
3,018
4,459
4,363
3,856
3,534
3,297
3,471
3,248
2,935
Native parentage---------------Foreign or mixed parentage..
Parentage not specified--------
2,633
1,790
36
2,498
1,738
127
2,245
1,540
71
2,072
1,349
113
1,946
1,200
151
2,043
1,268
160
2,141
1,003
104
2,112
774
49
Foreign bom_______ _______ —
Nativity not specified---------------
132
265
107
233
71
281
69
23
72
23
72
20
75
5
785
Negro................. ..............................
Other.................. ...............................
1,304
11
106
1,370
17
1,338
10
1
1,217
6
1,199
5
1,309
11
1,313
8
1,117
8
Girls’ cases-------
.....
.
White............................................
Native..................................... .
i Includes only official cases for Franklin County, Ohio, and Pierce County, Wash., because these courts
did not report unofficial cases every year.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
12
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5 AND
193 6
thinLerCe?-iag?,.oi cases of white W s decreased gradually from
Tn2i9QQft o9736, wlulf the percentage of cases of Negro boys increased,
in 1936, 27 percent of the boys cases were those of Negroes.
CHART 3.—RACE AND SEX OF CHILDREN IN DELINQUENCY CASES DISPOSED OF BY 28COURTS IN 1929-36
NUMBER
OF
CASES
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JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5 AND 19 3 6
13
Among the cases of white children dealt with during the 8-year
period only a few have been cases of children of foreign birth. This
is doubtless because of the fact that only a small proportion of the
foreign-bom white population is under the maximum age of juvenilecourt jurisdiction. When analysis is made, however, of the nativity
of the parents of the native white children dealt with by the 28 courts
during the year 1936, it appears that in nearly two-fifths (38 percent)
of the boys’ cases one or both parents were foreign-bom. The pro
portion of girls’ cases in which one or both parents were foreign-bom
was somewhat smaller (26 percent).
Home Conditions.
Table G gives information in regard to home conditions of the
children whose cases were disposed of by these 28 courts. There has
been very little variation from year to year in the proportion of cases
of children living in their own homes and of children living in other
places (other family homes, institutions, and so forth). In 1935 and
1936 the childrenin 91 jpercent of the cases were living in their own
homes and the children in 9 percent were living in other places. The
proportion of cases in which the child lived with both his own parents
was slightly smaller in 1936 than in any other year of the 8-year
period (60 percent as compared with 64 percent in 1929). The pro
portion of cases in which the child was living with one parent only was
correspondingly larger (23 percent in 1936 as compared with 20 per
cent in 1929). The increase was found mainly in cases of children
whose parents were separated because of divoree, desertion of one
parent, or other reasons.
T a b le G — M a r ita l status o f p a ren ts, a n d place where child w a s livin g w hen referred
to court i n d elin q u en cy cases d isp o sed o f b y 2 8 courts that reported throughout the
p eriod 1 9 2 9 - 8 6 1
Marital status of parents, and place
where child was living when referred to court
Total cases....... ........................
Delinquency cases disposed of
1629
1930
1931
36,602 37,570 36,221
Marital status and place reported...... 31,381
34,667 33,295
1932
1933
32,955
32,723
32,179 30,554
26, 773
29,930 30,315
29,919 28,402
24,773
Child living in own home............ 28,867 31,737 30,448 27,379 27,790
With both own parents......... 19,971
With 1 parent and a stepparent................................. 2,582
With 1 parent only................ 6,344
22,122 21,300
1934
1935
1936
27,437 25, 707 22,462
19,297
19,388
18,812
17,367
14, 790
2,711
6,904
2,488
6,660
2,091
5,991
2,183
6,219
2,127
6,498
2,260
6,080
1,970
5,702
2,520 2,600
1,273
1,137
591 * 553
591
554
77
93
2,595
1,131
597
630
65
2,353
1,017
579
681
79
2,098
889
621
625
79
167
151
165
Father dead___________
Mother dead.................. .
Parents divorced_______
Father deserting mother..
Mother deserting father..
Parents not married to
each other.....................
Parents living apart for
other or not specified
reasons..........................
2,526
1,364
588
675
118
2,938
1,501
622
668
124
2,813
1,302
721
625
111
93
120
159
980
931
929
852
1,069
1,313
1,220
1,225
Child living in other place..........
2,484
2,930
2,847
2,551
2,525
2,482
2,695
2,311
Marital status and place not reported.
5,521
2,903
2,926
3,025
2,408
2,260
2,152
2,000
124
176
1Includes only official cases for Franklin County, Ohio, and Pierce County, Wash., because these courts
did not report unofficial cases every year.
78616°— 39----- 2
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
14
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5 AND 1 9 3 6
Reason for Reference to Court.
The reasons for referring boys’ and girls’ delinquency cases to court
are shown in table H. The reasons for which the boys were referred
to court differed greatly from those which brought the girls to court.
The most frequent offenses for which boys were brought before the
courts in 1936 were stealing and acts of carelessness or mischief (in
cluding traffic violations), whereas girls were referred most frequently
for running away, for being ungovernable, and for sex offenses (chart 4).
Although the number of boys’ cases referred for stealing has de
creased irregularly throughout the period, the proportion of such cases
has increased each year since 1933. In 1935 and 1936 the proportion
of boys’ cases referred for stealing (46 and 48 percent, respectively)
was higher than in any previous year. On the other hand, the number
as well as the proportion of boys’ cases referred to court for acts of
carelessness or mischief (including traffic violation) has decreased
gradually each year since 1932, and in 1935 and 1936 there was a
smaller proportion referred for this reason (30 and 28 percent, respec
tively) than in any other year of the period. The percentage of boys’
cases referred for all other reasons has remained approximately the
same in each year of the 8-year period.
T a b le H .— R e a so n f o r reference to court in b o y s ’ a n d in girls’ d elin q u en cy cases
d isp o sed o f b y 2 8 courts that reported throughout the p eriod 1 9 2 9 - 8 6
1
Delinquency cases disposed of
Reason for reference to court, and
sex of child
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
36,902
37,570 36,221
32,955
32,723
32,179 30,554
26,773
Boys' cases________ ________ 30,625
31,480 30,664
28,106
28,127
27,296
25,905
22,630
13,329
11,450
10,997
12,242
11,927
10,906
9,161
1,689
2,200
1,968
437
757
9,727
1,357
1,985
1,690
393
720
9,691
1,432
1,796
1,735
429
702
8,036
1,364
1,983
1,901
407
635
7,655
1,023
1,706
1,902
411
672
6,358
1,082
1,260
1,429
448
575
198
837
88
140
578
66
131
1,020
194
128
433
167
106
382
121
109
336
127
Total cases............................
Stealing..........................................— 12,452 12,964
Act of carelessness or mischief, and
traffic violation............ ................ - 9,088 9,574
Truancy......................... ................. - 2,386 2,309
Running away..................... ............. 2,011 2,002
Ungovernable.......... ....................... . 2,276 2,070
527
Sex offense________ ____________ _
467
Injury to person................ ................
821
774
Use, possession, or sale of liquor or
198
143
drugs.............................................
806 1,100
Other reason_____________________
Reason not reported______________
120
17
Girls’ cases_______ ______ —
Stealing..............................................
Act of carelessness or mischief, and
traffic violation................................
Truancy.............................................
Running away..................................
Ungovernable______________ i____
Sex offense.................................. ......
Injury to person.................................
Use, possession, or sale of liquor or
drugs............................ ............... —
Other reason.....................................
Reason not reported............ ...........
6,277
6,090
5,557
4,849
4,596
4,883
4,649
4,143
676
730
682
505
481
526
504
435
489
676
1,094
1,793
1,147
155
540
699
1,046
1,622
1,219
127
560
506
979
1,528
1,053
93
498
454
883
1,333
887
117
464
514
749
1,369
727
147
512
507
983
1,351
718
98
493
473
889
1,332
634
128
311
393
767
1,253
683
100
55
119
73
47
49
11
63
56
37
53
68
51
35
63
47
30
58
100
52
46
98
31
38
132
i Includes only official cases for Franklin County, Ohio, and Pierce County, Wash., because these courts
did not report unofficial cases every year.
The number of girls’ cases reported for all reasons for referral has
decreased irregularly during the period. Among the girls’ cases re-
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5
AND 1 9 3 6
15
ported in 1935 and 1936, there were also decreases in the proportion
reported for all reasons for referral except for being ungovernable and
for sex offenses. The proportion of girls’ cases referred for these
offenses was larger in 1936 than in any other year of the period.
CHART
4.-REAS0NS FOR REFERENCE TO COUCTm BW|’ ANDGI\RIS' DELINQUENCY CASES DISPOSED
PERCENT
0
20
40
60
80
STEALING
ACTS OF CARELESSNESS
OR MISCHIEF
TRUANCY
RUNNING AWAY
UNGOVERNABLE
SE X OFFENSE
ALL OTHER
|
BOYS'CASES
^
GIRLS' CASES
The percentage referred for being ungovernable was 31 in 1936, as
compared with 29 in 1935; the percentage referred for sex offenses was
17 in 1936, as compared with 14 in the previous year. In 1936 the
largest decrease was in the group referred for acts of carelessness or
mischief: The proportion (8 percent) as well as the number of girls’
cases referred for this reason was lower than in any other year of the
period.
Place of Detention Care.
During 1935 and 1936 in almost two-fifths of the boys’ cases and
approximately half of the girls’ cases the children were detained over
night or longer (table I). There was, however, a gradual decrease
during the period from 1929 to 1936 in the proportion of cases having
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
16
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5 AND
1936
detention care. Among boys’ cases this decrease was from 47 per
cent in 1929 to 37 percent in 1936. In girls’ cases the decrease was
from 53 percent in 1929 to 45 percent in 1936.
T ab le I .— P la ce o f care p en din g h earing or d isp o sitio n in b o y s ’ and girls’ d elin
q u e n c y cases d isp o sed o f b y 2 8 cou rts that reported throughout the period 1 9 2 9 - 8 6 1
Delinquency cases disposed of
child
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
32,955
1934
1935
1936
Total cases_________________
36,902 37,570
36,221
32,723
32,179
30,554
26,773
Boys’ cases............................ .
30,625
30,664 28,106 28,127
27,296
25,905
22,630
No detention care_________ _______
Detention care overnight or longer__
Boarding home or other family
home....................................
Detention home *...................
Other institution............. ..........
Jail or polioe station *..............
Other place of care4.......... ........ .
Place of care not reported_______
31,480
16,242 16,402 18,591
14,184 10,985 10,800
96
8,798
3,857
1,109
324
41
6,197
3,680
1,064
2
1
46
6,605
3,293
847
8
1
17,033
10,246
232
6,276
3,042
693
3
17,398 16,052
10,265 .10,909
312
6,636
2,681
632
4
444
6,585
3,209
671
15, 729 14,334
10,056 8; 285
443
6,109
2^839
622
372
5, 565
1,773
575
43
Not reported whether detention care
was given.......................................
199
4,093
1,273
827
464
335
120
11
Girls’ cases...................... .........
6,277
6,090
5,557
4,849
4,596
4,883
4,649
4,143
No detention care______
Detention care overnight or longer__
2,918
3,306
2,903
2,961
2,641
2,622
2,311
2,376
2,359
2,179
2,434
2,383
2,408
2,221
2, 270
I] 871
Boarding home or other family
home.............. ..................
Detention homes......... ......
Other institution.....................
Jail or police station *...................
Other place of care4. ............... .
Place of care not reported............
71
1,839
1,102
99
195
66
1,805
994
61
35
60
1,696
777
54
34
1
77
1,469
770
57
3
92
1,223
828
35
98
1,394
866
23
106
1,467
' 606
35
82
1,318
442
25
1
2
53
226
294
162
58
66
20
2
Not reported whether detention care
was given............................
i includes only official cases for Franklin County, Ohio, and Pierce County, Wash., because these courts
aid not report unofficial cases every year.
s Includes cases of children cared for part of the time in detention homes and part of the time elsewhere,
but excludes cases of children also held in jails or police stations.
»Includes a few cases of children cared for part of the time in jails or police stations and part of the time
elsewhere.
4Includes a few cases of children held in more than one place of care but in places other than detention
homes, jails, or police stations.
The place of detention care most frequently used in each year of the
period for both boys and girls was the detention home. In 1936, 67
percent of the boys and 70 percent of the girls who were detained were
cared for in detention homes. “ Other institutions” were second
primarily because of the large number of cases reported by the New
York City court, where a cooperative arrangement exists with the
Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. Jails and police
stations were third for boys, and boarding homes or other family
homes were third for girls (chart 5). There has been a significant
decrease from 1929 to 1936 in the use of jails and police stations for
the detention of children. In 1929, boys in 1,109 cases and girls in
99 cases were detained in jails or police stations; in 1936 boys in 575
cases and girls in 25 cases were detained in such places.
The places of detention care used by the courts are dependent upon
the facilities available in the local communities and upon the attitudes
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5
AND 1 9 3 6
17
with regard to the necessity for detention. In some localities prac
tically all children brought to court in delinquency cases are detained,
whereas in others only certain types of delinquencies are considered
serious enough to warrant detention care for the children.
CHART 5.—PLACE OF DETENTION CARE IN BOYS’ AND GIRLS’ DELINQUENCY CASES DISPOSED OF BY 28
COURTS: 1935 AND 1936
PERCENT
1935
BOYS' c a s e s
g ir l s ' c a s e s
1936
bo ys' c a s e s
g ir l s ' c a s e s
I
Disposition of Cases.
D ETE N T IO N H OM E
O T H E R IN S T IT U T IO N
J A I L OR
P O L IC E S T A T IO N
B O A R D IN G HOM E OR
O TH E R FA M IL Y HOME
□
Table J, giving the disposition of boys’ and girls’ delinquency cases,
shows that since 1933 there has been a marked decrease in the pro
portion of both boys’ and girls’ cases dismissed, adjusted, or held open
without further action. The proportion of cases disposed of in this
manner in 1936 (46 percent of the boys’ and 36 percent of the girls’)
was smaller than in any other year of the period. Among the boys’
cases, the percentage in which the boy was supervised by a probation
officer (33 percent) and the percentage in which the boy was committed
or referred to an institution (11 percent) were larger in 1936 than in
any other year.
The methods of disposition of boys’ and of girls’ cases have differed
considerably during the period. Cases dismissed, adjusted, or held
open without further action have been proportionately more frequent
in boys’ cases than in girls’ cases, whereas commitments or referrals to
institutions or agencies have been more frequent in girls’ cases. In
1936, 20 percent of the girls’ cases were disposed of by commitment or
referral to an institution, and 9 percent by commitment or referral to
an agency or individual. Chart 6 indicates the disposition of the
boys’ and girls’ cases that were dealt with by the 28 courts in 1935 and
1936.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
18
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5
T a b le
AND 1 9 3 6
J.— D is p o s itio n o f b o y s ’ and girls’ d elin q u en c y ca ses dealt w ith b y 2 8 courts
that reported throughout the p eriod 1 9 2 9 - 8 6 1
Delinquency cases disposed of
Disposition of case, and sex of child
1929
Total cases .
___
___
.
1930
36,902 37,570
Boys’ cases_______ __________ 30,625
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open
without further action..._________ 14,293
Child supervised by probation officer. 9,205
Child committed or referred to an institution.......................................... 2,998
Child committed or referred to an
agency or individual.................... .
1,128
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered___
1,824
Other disposition of case____ ______
1,174
Disposition not reported___________
3
Girls’ cases____ ____________
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open
without further action___________
Child supervised by probation officer.
Child committed or referred to an
institution____ _________ ______
Child committed or referred to an
agency orindividual.......................
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered
Other disposition of case___________
Disposition not reported___________
1931
1932
1933
36,221
32,955
32,723
1934
1936
1935
32,179 30,554
31,480
30,664 28,106 28,127 27,296
15,785
8,713
15,230 14,710
8,843 7,842
28,773
25,905
22,630
15,522 13,649 12,606
7,516 8,135 8,067
10,509
7 333
,
3,071
2,888
2,465
2,332
2,740
2,681
2,525
1,211
1,601
1,096
3
1,115
1,087
1,490
11
1,061
692
1,335
1
1,070
484
1,203
1,069
380
1,315
8
989
334
1,227
892
315
1,056
6,277
6,090
5,557
4849
4,596
4,883
4,649
4,143
2,254
1,873
2,304
1,806
2,170
1,580
1,830
1,496
1,901
1,329
1,914
1,318
1,803
lj 265
1
1,190
1,136
1,030
841
765
823
812
814
568
46
340
6
438
39
365
3
418
28
330
1
382
29
270
1
337
14
250
527
22
278
1
472
6
291
387
12
293
1
1,468
169
,
1Includes only official cases for Franklin County, Ohio, and Pierce County, Wash., because these courts
did not report unofficial cases every year.
CHART 6.—DISPOSITION OF BOYS’ AND GIRLS’ DELINQUENCY CASES DEALT WITH BY 28 COURTS: 1935
AND 1936
PERCENT
0
1935
bo ys’ c a s e s
1
20
40
60
80
100
I-------------------- 1------------------------ 1----------------------- 1---------------------- 1
g ir l s ' c a s e s
1936
BOYS’ CA SE S
G IR LS'C A SE S
DISMISSED,ADJUSTED OR HELD OPEN
WITHOUT FURTHER ACTION
SUPERVISED BY
PROBATION OFFICER
COMMITTED OR REFERRED TO
INSTITUTION
COMMITTED OR REFERRED TO
AGENCY OR INDIVIDUAL
]
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OTHER DISPOSITION
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5
19
AND 1 9 3 6
Previous Court Experience.
Table K shows the previous court experience as delinquents of the
white and Negro boys and girls 7 to 15 years of age in cases for which
this information was obtained. Cases of children 16 years of age and
over are excluded, because not all the courts have jurisdiction of
children of these ages. (See p. 9.)
T ab le K .— P r e v io u s court exp erien ce o f w hite a n d N e g r o h o ys a n d girls 7 to 1 5
ye a rs o f age dealt with in d elin q u en c y cases d isp o sed o f h y 2 7 c o u r ts 1 in 1 9 8 6
Delinquency cases disposed of
Number
Percent
Sex and race of child
Total
Previous
court ex
perience
No previ
ous court
experience
Total
pre
Previous . No
vious
court ex court
ex
perience perience
Total cases............................
17,352
5,147
12,205
100.0
, 29.7
70.3
Boys’ cases_______________
14,759
4,667
10,092
100.0
31.6
68.4
White...........................................
Negro________________________
10,995
3,764
3,054
1,613
7,941
2,151
100.0
100.0
27.8
42.9
72.2
57.1
Girls’ cases_______________
2,593
480
2,113
100.0
. 18.6
81.5
White_______________________
Negro... ...................... .................
1,908
685
341
139
1,567
546
100.0
100.0
17.4
20.3
82.6
79.7
1All the courts that served areaswith 100,000, or more population, that reported on an individual-card basis,
and that cooperated throughout the period.
Chart 7.—PREVIOUS COURT EXPERIENCE OF WHITE AND NEGRO BOYS AND GIRLS’ 7 TO 15 YEARS
OF AGE IN DELINQUENCY CASES DISPOSED OF BY 27COURTS IN 1936
PERCENT
W H ITE A N D N E G R O B O Y S
( 1 4 ,7 5 9 C A S E S )
W H ITE B O Y S
(10,995 CASES)
NEGRO B O YS
(3,764 CASES)
W H ITE AND N EG RO G IR L S
( 2 ,5 9 3 C A SE S)
W H IT E G IR L S
(1,908 CASES)
NEGRO G IR L S
(685 CASES)
PREVIOUS
COURT EXPERIENCE
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NO PREVIOUS
COURT EXPERIENCE
20
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5
AND 1 9 3 6
Of the 17,352 cases of children 7 to 15 years of age coming before 27
courts during 1936, boys more frequently than girls had had previous
court experience. In 32 percent of the boys’ cases and 19 percent of
the girls’ cases the children had had court experience previously in
1936 or in earlier years (chart 7).
Among cases of Negro children, the boys in 43 percent and the girls
in 20 percent of the cases had had previous court experience. The cor
responding percentages among cases of white children were much
smaller, the boys in 28 percent and the girls in 17 percent of the cases,
having had previous court experience.
T R E N D S IN D E P E N D E N C Y A N D N E G L E C T C A S E S
A general downward trend is indicated in the number of dependency
and neglect cases disposed of by 27 courts 6 that reported throughout
the period 1929—36 (chart 8). During 1936 there were 11,490 cases
disposed of by these courts (5,865 boys’ cases and 5,625 girls’ cases).
The decrease from 1935 to 1936 in the total number of cases disposed
of amounted to 4 percent; boys’ cases decreased 2 percent, and girls’
cases decreased 5 percent.
Table L shows the total number of boys’ and of girls’ dependency
and neglect cases disposed of by these 27 courts from 1929 to 1936.
T able L .— N u m b e r o f b o y s ’ and girls’ d ep e n d en c y a n d neglect ca ses d is p o se d o f b y
2 7 cou rts that rep o rted th roughout the p erio d 1 9 2 9 - 3 6
Dependency and neglect cases
disposed of
Year
Total
1929
1930
1931
1932
Dependency and neglect cases
disposed of
Year
14,725
14,897
14,280
13,063
Boys
7,529
7,719
7,382
6,735
Girls
7,196
7,178
6,898
6,328
Total
1933.............
1934.............
1935................
1936.....................
12,618
12,803
11,917
11,490
Boys
6,491
6,589
5,989
5,865
Girls
6,127
6,214
5,928
5,625
In 1936,14 of the 27 courts disposed of more, and 13 courts of fewer
cases of dependency and neglect than in 1935. However, the difference m the number of cases disposed of by most courts was small
(table M , p. 22).
The gradual decrease in the number of dependency and neglect
cases disposed of by the courts does not necessarily indicate that there
hasbeen an actual decrease in the number of dependent and neglected
children m this reporting area. The number of such cases dealt with
by the courts depends to some extent upon general economic and
social conditions. The decrease, however, may be affected by such
factors as the growing tendency for other child-welfare agencies to
provide social treatment for dependent and neglected children and the
availability of relief (both direct and work relief) from public sources.
r n .i^ hKT2STcc^ rts, that ie5orted delinquency cases each year from 1929 to 1936, all except the Hudson
County, N. J., court reported dependency and neglect cases.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5
AND 1 9 3 6
21
CHART 8.-BOYS* AND GIRLS* DEPENDENCY AND NEGLECT CASES DISPOSED OF BY 27 COURTS; 1926-36
NUMBER
OF
C ASES
20,000
10,000
9.000
8.000
7.000
6.000
5.000
4.000
3.000
2,000
1.000
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22
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5
AND
19 3 6
T a b le M .— N u m b e r o f d ep en d en cy and neglect cases d isp o sed o f b y 2 7 cou rts that
served sp ecified areas an d that reported throughout the p eriod 1 9 2 9 - 8 6
Dependency and neglect cases disposed of
. A rea served Dy court
Total cases_________________
Connecticut: Bridgeport (city)........ .
District of Columbia..........................
Indiana:
Lake County_________________
Marion County............... ...........
Iowa: Polk County......... ............. ....
Louisiana: Caddo Parish__________
Michigan: Kent County__________
Minnesota: Hennepin County______
New York:
Erie County________ _______
Monroe County________ ______
New York (city)______________
Rensselaer County..................... .
Westchester County
Ohio:
Franklin County1....... ...............
Hamilton County..... ..................
Mahoning County.......................
Montgomery County...................
Oregon: Multnomah County.............
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County_____________
Philadelphia (city and county)...
South Carolina: Greenville County..
Utah: Third district...........................
Washington: Pierce County1............
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
14,725
14,897
14,280
13,063
12,618
12,803
11,917
11,490
9
438
70
348
4
395
51
315
5
349
49
297
5
437
71
303
20
393
58
256
27
336
133
227
55
471
144
256
16
558
207
257
246
282
631
107
279
343
326
282
559
53
338
349
225
242
404
155
275
296
173
260
278
202
236
344
150
189
354
190
184
331
159
410
433
188
195
335
205
182
350
111
126
335
52
317
296
163
208
319
140
284
3,891
187
270
148
228
3,890
161
394
178
192
4,173
162
438
136
175
4,230
146
532
140
103
4,402
124
656
65
127
4,492
107
338
147
158
3,978
88
383
114
148
3,035
102
408
659
468
292
385
443
462
442
214
321
475
280
371
188
348
646
217
344
137
266
423
240
274
151
285
685
187
246
142
357
840
192
305
84
332
672
165
459
73
333
658
756
13
3,670
114
130
209
61
970
10
4,060
74
175
152
49
909
7
3,654
58
172
159
48
705
29
2,966
53
171
180
44
763
55
2,347
87
109
118
64
532
63
2,481
98
118
124
43
649
91
2,194
86
136
99
88
711
65
2,467
87
65
138
69
1Includes only official cases because court did not report unofficial cases every year.
Table N gives information as to the age of children dealt with in
dependency and neglect cases by the 27 courts during the period 192936. Thirteen of the courts had jurisdiction of children under 16 years7
of age; 3, under 17 years; 10, under 18 years; and 1, under 21 years.
T a b le N .— A g e o f child w h en referred to court i n d ep en d en cy a n d neglect cases
d isp o sed o f b y 2 7 cou rts that reported throughout the p erio d 1 9 2 9 - 8 6
1
Dependency and neglect cases disposed of
Age of child when referred to court
Total cases.
Under 2 years___
2 years, under 4 ..
4 years, under 6—
6 years, under 8. . .
8 years, under 10..
10 years, under 12.
12 years, under 14.
14 years, under 16.
16 years and over.
Not reported.......
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
14,725
14,897
14,280
13,063
12,618
12,803
11,917
11,490
1,743
1,915
1,957
2,029
2,056
1,677
1,639
1,257
204
248
1,811
1,815
1,934
2,027
2,093
1,784
1,656
1,338
217
222
1,767
1,664
1,730
1,893
1,949
1,854
1,479
1,257
205
482
1,629
1,619
1,690
1, 723
1,728
1,631
1,451
1,132
255
205
1,475
1,532
1,535
1,750
1,742
1,575
1,457
1,197
297
58
1,580
1,382
1,540
1,662
1,788
1,697
1, 611
1,235
272
36
1,435
1,330
1,421
1,583
1,575
1,602
1,410
1,285
245
31
1,394
1,195
1, 348
1,439
1,517
1,500
1,449
1,394
233
21
1Includes only official cases for Franklin County, Ohio, and Pierce County, Wash., because these courts
did not report unofficial cases every year.
7The 2 reporting courts in Indiana had jurisdiction of boys under 16 years, girls under 17 years.
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JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5 AND
23
193 6
There was little change from year to year in the proportion of cases in
each age group. The cases were distributed fairly evenly in each of the
age groups under 16 years of age. The percentage of children 16 years
of age and over was very small, 2 percent in each year of the period.
Table O shows the race and nativity of the children dealt with in
dependency and neglect cases. In each year of the period the great
majority of the children were white. In more than half of these cases
the children were native white of native parentage, the next largest
group being native white children of foreign or mixed parentage. The
foreign-bom group was small, accounting for between 1 and 2 percent
of the cases in each year of the period. Gases of Negro children con
stituted slightly more than 15 percent of the total number of cases in
each year.
T ab le O .— R a ce, n a tiv ity, a n d pa ren t n a tiv ity o f children dealt w ith in d ep en d en cy
cases d isp o sed o f b y 2 7 cou rts that reported throughout the p eriod 1 9 2 9 - 8 6
Race, nativity, and parent nativity
of child
1
Dependency cases disposed of
1029
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
11,490
Total cases................................ 14,726
14,897
14,280
13,063
12,618
12,803
11,917
White___________________________ 12,471
12,489
11,956
10,904
10,600
10,774
10,048
9,397
Native.......................................... 11,940
12,096
11,630
10,635
10,308
10,550
9,884
9,273
Native parentage__________
Foreign or mixed parentage...
Parentage not specified.........
7,310
4,500
130
7,441
4,365
290
6,953
4,380
297
6,409
3,883
343
6,185
3,671
452
6,493
3,413
644
6,157
3,226
501
6,452
2,535
286
Foreign bora................................
Nativity not specified__________
173
358
193
180
221
104
209
60
263
29
173
51
144
20
109
15
Negro.................................................
Other.... ..................................... .......
2,084
28
142
2,405
23
2,296
28
1
2,125
34
1,965
53
1,978
51
1,833
36
2,055
38
1Includes only official cases for Franklin County, Ohio, and Pierce County, Wash., because these courts
did not report unofficial cases every year.
Approximately three-fourths of the children dealt with in de
pendency and neglect cases were living in their own homes. Table P
shows that in nearly three-fifths of these cases the children were
living with one parent only.
Table Q shows that in 1936 almost one-third of the dependency
cases (31 percent) were dismissed, adjusted, or held open without
further action. In slightly less than one-fourth of the cases the child
was supervised by a probation officer in the child’s own home or in
another family home. In 1936 the percentage of cases of dependent
and neglected children (29 percent) in which the children were com
mitted or referred to an agency or individual was larger than' in any
other year of the 8-year period.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
24
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS, 1 9 3 5 AND
19 3 6
T a b le P .— M a r ita l status o f p aren ts and place where child w as livin g w hen referred
to cou rt i n d ep en d en cy a n d neglect cases d isp o sed o f b y 2 7 courts that reported
throughout the p eriod 1 9 2 9 - 3 6 1
Marital status of parents and place
where child was living when re
ferred to court
Dependency and neglect cases disposed of
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
14,725
14,897
14,280
13,063
12,618
12,803
11,917
11,490
Marital status and place reported...... 12,082
13,261
12,193
10,831
10,330
10,679
10,056
10,107
Child living in own home............
9,451
10,353
9,461
8,348
7,823
8,022
7,407
7,387
With both own parents_____
With 1 parent and a stepparent........... .....................
With 1 parent only_________
3,002
3,277
3,130
3,092
2,781
2,903
2,866
2,684
442
6,007
488
6,588
396
5,935
316
4,940
344
4.698
359
4,760
389
4,152
422
4,281
Father dead........... ........
686
Mother dead.................... 1,089
Parents divorced_______
413
Father deserting mother— 1,048
Mother deserting father..
529
Parents not married to
each other........... .......
486
Parents living apart for
other or not specified
reasons.......................... 1,766
750
1,071
328
1,241
517
689
847
334
959
435
511
764
287
687
332
506
751
305
609
317
602
753
349
459
305
445
707
312
380
243
547
694
273
468
325
598
687
567
511
543
518
469
Total cases------------- ------------
2,083
1,984
1,792
1,699
1,749
1,547
1,505
Child living in other place______
2,631
2,908
2,732
2,483
2,507
2,657
2,649
2,720
Marital status and place not reported............................ ........ .......
2,643
1,636
2,087
2,232
2,288
2,124
1,861
1,383
1Includes only official cases for Franklin County, Ohio, and Pierce County, Wash., because these courts
did not report unofficial cases every year.
T ab le Q .— D is p o s itio n o f case in d ep en d en cy a n d neglect cases d isp o sed o f b y 2 7
cou rts that reported throughout the p eriod 1 9 2 9 —3 6
1
Dependency and neglect cases disposed of
Disposition of case
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open
without further action____ ______
Child supervised by probation offleer_______________________
Child committed or referred to institution_________________________
Child committed orreferred to agency
or individual_________________
Other disposition of case_____ ______
Disposition not reported___________
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
14,725
14,897
14,280
13,063
12,618
12,803
11,917
11,490
4,178
4,530
4,103
4,532
4,327
4,237
3,635
3,536
2,960
3,039
2,914
2,564
2,539
2,423
2,644
2,668
3,264
3,240
3,185
2,630
2,843
2,843
2,408
1,858
4,152
162
9
3,852
232
4
3,863
214
1
3,131
206
2,666
243
3,090
192
18
3,016
213
1
3,304
124
1Includes only official eases for Franklin County, Ohio, and Pierce County, Wash., because these courts
did not report unofficial cases every year.
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SUM M ARY TABLES
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
1935
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DELINQUENCY CASES, 1935
T able 1.—
A g e u n d er w hich court has origin al ju r is d ic tio n and age w hen referred
to court o f h oys and girls dealt w ith in d elin q u en cy cases d isp o sed o f b y 8 6 4 courts
d u rin g 1 9 8 6 1
Delinquency cases
Age under which court has original jurisdiction2
Age of child when
referred to court
Total cases...........
Total
16 years
21 years
18 years
17 years
Girls
Boys
Girls
Boys
Girls
Boys
Girls
Boys
Girls
Boys
60,480
10,995
27,426 3,446
13,250
1,568
15,830 4,934
3,974
1,047
1,891
157
1,792
103
2,501
150
3,229
277
4,610
471
904
5,801
6,738 1,203
110
475
126
19
15
3
478
582
884
1,245
1,772
2,477
2,904
2,713
64
18
44
30
46
88
178
329
412
396
8
6
144
100
145
253
467
834
1,172
998
769
39
72
76
96
168
274
454
645
880
1,028
230
17
12
11
34
80
147
220
227
223
69
49
113
31
13
51
7
Under 10 years.............. 3,255
3,176
10 years................... —
11 years......................... 4,454
12 years.......................— 5,929
13 years..... .................... 8,388
11,140
14 years................... —
15 years.......................... 12,916
6,779
16 years_____________
3,581
17 years....................—
389
18 years and over...........
Not reported..................
362
245
352
652
1,196
2,214
3,007
1,731
1,019
117
100
473
248
814
726
973
1,287
1,732
2,408
2,629
2,711
2,363
126
1 Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, 357 reported boys’ cases and 305 reported girls’ cases.
2Some courts have jurisdiction under special circumstances beyond the age specified; also courts occa
sionally deal informally with children who are just beyond the age of juvenile-court jurisdiction.
T able 2.—
A g e w hen referred to court o f w hite and colored b o y s a n d girls dealt w ith
i n d elin q u en cy cases d isp o sed o f b y 6 7 cou rts i n 1 9 8 5 1
Delinquency cases
Girls
Boys
Age of child when referred
to court
Total
Colored
White
Colored
White
Percent Num Percent Num Percent
Num Percent
distri Num
distri
distri
distri
ber
ber bution
bution ber bution ber bution
Total cases................. 53,176
33,425
11,435
Age reported........................ 53,042
33,350
100 11,393
100
6,186
100
2,113
100
Under 10 years.............. 2,680
10 years......................... 2,604
11 years......................... 3,629
12 years........................ 4,852
13 years...... .................. 7,292
14 years.............. .......... 9,972
15 years........................ 11,894
16 years........................ 5,893
3,902
17 years..................... .
324
18 years and over..........
1,727
1,608
2,351
3,044
4,453
6,086
7,372
3,818
2,695
196
695
815
1,010
1,280
1,925
2,222
2,251
788
369
38
6
7
9
11
17
20
20
7
3
(*)
205
125
178
339
624
1,159
1,713
1,045
719
79
3
2
3
5
10
19
28
17
12
1
53
56
90
189
290
505
558
242
119
11
3
3
4
9
14
24
26
11
6
1
Age not reported_________
134
75
5
5
7
9
13
18
22
11
8
1
42
6,194
8
2,122
9
* Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlating age and color were available only
for the 66 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 1 additional court.
2Less than 1 percent.
27
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
28
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able 3.—
C olor an d n a tiv ity o f b o y s a n d girls dealt w ith i n d elin q u en cy cases d is
p osed o f b y 6 8 courts and b y 2 7 courts that served a reas w ith 1 0 ,0 0 0 or m ore N eg ro
p o p u la tio n 1in 1 9 8 6 2
Delinquency cases
All courts reporting nativity and color3
Color and nativity of
child
Boys
Total
Courts reporting nativity and color
serving areas with 10,000 or more
Negro population1
Girls
Boys
Girls
Per
Per Total
Num cent Num cent
ber distri ber distri
bution
bution
Per
Per
Num cent Num cent
ber distri ber distri
bution
bution
46,814
100 8,879
32,048
100 5,502
35,283
75 6,720
76 25,110 21,503
67 3,607
66
Native bom___ ____ 40,441 33,958
Foreign bom_______
766
643
Nativity not reported.
796
682
73 6,483
1
123
1
114
73 23,887 20,451
1
530
458
1
693
594
64 3,436
1
72
299
62
1
2
Total cases............. 55,693
White___ ____________
42,003
100 37,550
Colored_______________ 13,690
11,531
25 2,159
24
Negro........................ 13,614
Other.......................
76
11,475
56
25 2,139
20
(*)
24
(*)
12,440
100
10,545
33
1,895
34
12,428 10,534
12
11
33
(J)
1,894
1
34
(»)
1According to the 1930 census.
* Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, information on nativity and color was available only for
the 66 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts; only 27 of these served
areas with 10,000 or more Negro population.
3 Less than l percent.
T able 4.—
P a ren t n a tiv ity o f native white bo ys and girls dealt with in delinquency
cases d isp o sed o f b y 6 8 courts i n 1 9 8 6 1
Delinquency cases of native white children
Boys
Parent nativity
Total
Number
Total cases..........................
Parent nativity reported______
Native parentage______________
Foreign or mixed parentage___ ___________
Parent nativity not reported__ ___
Girls
Percent
distri Number
bution
Percent
distri
bution
40,441
33,958
38,614
32,518
100
6,096
100
24,434
14,180
19,994
12,524
61
39
4,440
1,656
73
27
1,827
1,440
6,483
387
1Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, information on parent nativity was available only for the
66 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
29
SU M M ARY TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T able 5.— Place where hoys and girls were living when referred to court in delin
quency cases disposed o f by 6 8 courts in 1 9 8 5 1
Delinquency cases
Girls
Boys
Place where child was living when referred to court
Total
Number
Percent
distri
bution
Number
Percent
distri
bution
8,879
65,693
46,814
Place reported............................................................
53,257
44,837
100
8,420
100
In own home.............................. ............'...........
48,120
41,263
92
6,857
81
With both own parents.----- ----------- -----With mother and step father_________ ____
With father and stepmother______________
With mother only.........................................
With father only.......... ................................
31,136
3,174
1,251
9,682
2,877
27,538
2,511
995
7,899
2,320
61
6
2
18
5
3,598
663
256
1,783
557
43
8
3
21
7
In other family home___________ ____ ________
In institution..............................................-.......
In other place------- ------ ------- --------------- -------
3,745
693
699
2,598
484
492
6
1
1
1,147
209
207
. 14
2
2
2,436
1,977
459
i Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, information on the place where the child was living when
referred to court was available only for the 66 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2
additional courts.
T able 6.— M arital status o f parents o f hoys and girls dealt with in delinquency
cases disposed o f by 6 7 courts in 198 5 1
Delinquency cases
Girls
Boys
Marital status of parents
Total
Number
Percent
distri
bution
Number
Percent
distri
bution
8,316
53,176
44,860
Status reported................................. ........................
50,355
42,603
100
7,752
100
Parents married and living together-------- ------One or both parents dead......... .......... ............
30,791
11,334
27,131
9,082
64
21
3,660
2,252
47
29
Both dead............. .....................................
Father dead.................................. ...............
Mother dead.................................................
996
6,531
3,807
753
5,362
2,967
2
13
7
243
1,169
840
3
15
11
7,377
5.763
14
1,614
21
Divorced.................................................... .
Father deserting mother__ ______________
Mother deserting father....... ................ .......
Other reasons............................ ...................
3,098
1,484
213
2,582
2,303
1,216
151
2,093
5
3
795
268
62
489
10
3
1
6
Parents not married to each other......................
Other status.........................................................
835
18
614
13
2,821
2,257
Parents separated..........................................—
(>)
5
1
(*)
221
5
3
(»)
564
* Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, information on marital status of parents was available
only for the 66 courts reporting on an individual-card basis and for 1 additional court.
>Less than 1 percent.
78016° — 39-
-3
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
30
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able 7.— M arital status o f parents, classified according to place where child was
living when referred to court; boys* and girls’ delinquency cases disposed o f by 6 7
courts in 1 9 8 5 *
Delinquency cases
Place where child was living when referred to court
In own home
Marital status of parents,
and sex of child
Total
With
both
Total own
par
ents
With
moth
er and
step
father
In
With
other
father With With famand
step moth father home
moth er only only
er
In
inIn Not
re
sti- other port
tu- place ed
tion
Total cases...... ......... 53,176 46,159 30,136
2,968
1,179
9,141
2,735 3,467
683
456 2,411
Boys’ cases..... ......... 44,860 39,675 26,686
2,351
940 7,492
2,206 2,442
478
309
1,956
1,333
3 705
153
683
240
26
3
2
1
3
Parents married and livtag together............... .
Both parents dead......... _
Father dead................... .
Mother dead_____ _____
Parents divorced...............
Father deserting mother...
Mother deserting father...
Parentsseparatedfor other
reasons—............... .........
Parents not married to each
other________________
Other status— ................
Status not reported........ .
Girls’ cases.......... .
27,131
753
5,362
2,967
2|303
1,216
151
2,093
26.667 26,667
5,038
2 327
2.048
1,146
135
,
1
861
6
736
834
181
l 1,130
3
19
1, 6Q1
171
9
113
174
55
13
54
1.482
260
274
68
6
216
6
99
10
5
8
3
19
1 946
529 1,025
205
147
455
55
16
25
35
29
2
7
10
21
9
20
1,742
614
13
2,257
385
2
185
18
8,316
6,484
3,450
Parents married and living
together______________ 3,660 3,445 3,445
Both parents dead.............
243
Father dead____________ 1,169 1,032
Mother dead.................. .
840 ’ 561
Parents divorced. _
654
795
Father deserting mother...
268
240
Mother deserting father.. .
62
38
Parentsseparated forother
reasons............... ............
489
362
Parents not marriedtoeach
other................ ..............
104
221
5
Other status__ _____
1
5
Status not reported...........
564
47
6
80
1
70
13
261
1
60
617
239
1,649
300
271
1
25
1
19
190
46
20
42
284
235
12
371
53
4
26
92
216
91
232
91
26
17
732
12
1
68
1
3
1
300
62
101
20
6
1
70
3
10
8
i
2
16
10
98
4
57
6
5
449
i Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlating marital status of parents and place
where child was living when referred to court were available only for the 66 courts that reported on an indi
vidual-card basis andfor 1additional court.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
31
SUM M ARY TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T able 8.—
S o u rce o f referen ce to cou rt o f d elin q u en cy ca ses d isp o sed o f b y 6 8 cou rts
in 1 9 8 5 1
Delinquency cases
Source of reference to court
Percent
distri
bution
Total
55,603
55,685
100
35,737
3,486
1,477
1.174
1,097
4,866
7,642
206
64
6
3
2
2
9
14
(»)
8
i Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, information on source of reference to court was available
only for the 68 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts,
aLess than 1percent.
T able 9.— Reason fo r reference to court o f boys and girls dealt with in delinquency
cases disposed o f by 8 64 courts in 1 9 8 5 1
Delinquency cases
Girls
Boys
Reason for reference to court
Total
Number
Total____ -............................. - ............ .........»
Percent
distri
bution
Number
Percent
distri
bution
10,995
71,475
60,480
71,188
60,303
100
10,885
2,125
8,986
413
19,721
15,604
2i 771
4,140
4,560
6,562
3,365
1.652
446
843
2,113
8,910
412
18.471
14,584
2,627
2,953
2,943
3,683
1,162
1,415
302
728
4
15
1
31
24
4
5
5
6
2
2
1
1
12
76
1
1,250
1,020
144
1,187
1,617
2,879
2,203
237
144
115
287
177
110
1 Of the 364courtsreporting delinquency cases, 357reported boys’ cases and 305reported girls’cases.
aLess than 1percent.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
100
(»)
(>)
1
11
9
1
11
15
26
20
2
1
1
32
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able 10.— Reason fo r reference to court o f boys and girls o f each age period dealt
with in delinquency cases disposed o f b y 6 7 courts in 1 9 8 5 1
Delinquency cases
Reason for reference to court,
and sex of child
Age of child when referred to court
Total
Under 10 10 years, 12 years, 14 years, 16 years, 18 years Age not
years under 12 under 14 under 1( under li and over reported
Total cases__________ 53,176
2,680
6,233
12,144
21,866
9,795
324
134
Boys’ cases__________
44,360
2,422
5,784
10,702
17,931
7^670
234
117
Automobile stealing............. 1,526
Burglary or unlawful entry.. 6,024
Ilold-up.............................
361
Other stealing...............
13,668
Act of carelessnessor mischief 11,326
Traffic violation..................
1,754
Truancy......... . .................
1,928
Running away.................
2,580
Ungovernable...............
3,052
Sex offense_______
788
Injury to person............
1,052
Use, possession, or sale of
liquor or drugs...............
239
Other reason....................
441
Reason not reported.............
121
11
264
5
705
898
2
55
108
218
64
71
36
794
27
1,958
1,785
10
140
350
427
76
136
155
1,594
92
3,645
2,974
33
339
609
753
143
263
756
2,560
178
5,365
4,331
'280
963
1,119
1 314
549
784
19
22
6
1,898
1,267
lj 387
426
380
326
70
37
37
4
7
11
27
44
5
1
7
3
416
139
7
20
13
8
2
30
13
17
58
27
63
218
71
114
1
6
2
258
449
1,442
3,935
2,125
90
17
8
22
3
Girls’ cases________
Automobile stealing.......
Burglary or unlawful entry..
Hold-up........................
Other stealing..................
Act of carelessness or mischief..................................
Traffic violation..................
Truancy________________
Running away....................
Ungovemable....................
Sex offense............................
Injury to person...................
Use, possession, or sale of
liquor or drugs...................
Other reason_____________
Reason not reported........... .
8,316
9
52
1
968
1
7
1
19
44
111
250
405
154
3
1
330
20
481
715
1,225
525
78
137
89
256
372
565
435
42
5
3
2
20
25
26
1
1
1
3
1
7
44
23
59
43
25
3
834
115
884
1,367
2,373
1,256
196
82
92
13
12
44
43
12
23
48
84
59
11
185
2
108
199
427
167
45
98
63
100
1
6
1
3
10
8
9
22
4
2
2
1Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlating reason for reference to court and age of
child were available only for the 66courts thatreportedonanindividual-card basis and for 1 additional court.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
33
SUM M ARY TABLES, 19 35
T able 11 .— Reason fo r reference to court, and color of boys and girls dealt with in
delinquency cases disposed o f by 6 8 courts in 198 5 1
Delinquency cases
White children
Total
Colored children
Reason for reference to court, and sex of child
Percent
Percent
Percent
Number distri Number distri Number distri
bution
bution
bution
Total cases_____ _____________________
Reason reported...............................................
Automobile stealing.....................................
Burglary or unlawful entry........... ...............
Hold-up........................................................
Other stealing...............................................
Act of carelessness or mischief-.............. ......
Traffic violation.......... ................................
Truancy...................................-..................
Running away...... .......................................
Ungovernable..............................................
Sex offense.................... ...................... .......
Injury to person...........................................
Use, possession, or sale of liquor or drugs.......
Other reason..............................................
66,693
42,003
13,690
46,814
36,283
11,531
46,693
100
35,201
1,799
6,477
361
14,088
11,407
2,170
2,006
2,680
3,116
883
1,061
242
604
4
14
1,506
4,965
163
9,969
8,588
2,087
1,758
1,958
1
30
24
5
4
6
7
2
2
1
1
Automobile stealing.................................. ..
Burglary or unlawful entry.................... .
10
66
1
Other stealing........................................... .
Act of carelessness or mischief----------------Traffic violation................... .......................
Truancy............................ - ....... ................
Running away.............................................
Ungovernable............... ............... ..............
Sex offense.-------- ------- ------------------------Injury to person---- -----------------------------Use, possession, or sale of liquor or drugs—
Other reason..............................................
998
862
136
891
1,367
2,396
1,705
197
103
24
6
5
6
6
2
2
1
1
707
647
212
440
(*>
(*)
16
27
19
2
1
1
9
31
.1
3
13
2
36
25
1
2
5
8
2
4
(»)
1
100
00
24
(»)
10
570
131
783
1,072
1,762
1,412
60
84
63
2,113
1
(*)
688
9
2
12
16
26
21
1
1
1
1
15
13
310
282
5
108
295
634
293
137
19
5
(*)
6
14
30
14
6
1
(*)
46
54
1.........
100
293
1,512
198
4,119
2,819
83
248
622
914
176
414
30
64
2,159
100
6 ,6 6 6
1
11
10
2
10
11,492
39
6,720
100
68
100
(?)28
82
8,879
8,779
4
14
2 ,2 0 1
121
Reason reported.................................................
100
i Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlating reason for reference to court and color of
child were available only for the 66 courts that reported on anindividual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
1 Less than 1percent.
T a b le 12 .— Court experience o f boys and girls dealt with in delinquency cases dis
posed o f by 6 8 courts in 1 9 8 5 1
Delinquency cases
Girls
Boys
Court experience
Total cases........ ....................................................... .......
First 1935 court experience.................. ....................... .............
Child having no court experience previous to 1935-----------Child having 1or more court experiences previous to 1935---Court experience previous to 1935not reported-----------------Subsequent 1935court experience.............................................
Percent
distri
bution
Number
Percent
distri
bution
Number
46,814
100
8,879
100
40,710
87
8,257
93
29,650
10,584
476
63
23
79
13
1
7,018
1,132
107
6,104
13
622
7
1
i Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, information on previous court experience was available
only for the 66 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
34
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able 13.— Place o f care pending hearing or disposition, and age when referred to
court o f boys and girls dealt with in delinquency cases disposed o f bu 6 8 courts
in 1 9 8 6 1
Delinquency cases
Age of child when referred to court
Total
Place of care, and sex of child
Under 14
years
14 years,
under 16
16 years,
under 18
18 years
and over
Age
not
re
port
Per
Per
Per
Per
Per ed
cent Num cent Num cent
Num distri
Num cent Num cent
ber bu ber distri ber distri ber distri ber distri
bu
bu
bu
bu
tion
tion
tion
tion
tion
Total cases_____________ 55,693
21,436
Boys’ c a se s........__. . . . . 46,814
19.213
Report on detention care______ 45,594
19,014
22,628
10,933
t—-■
'-- ~
18,489
8,557
18,127
506
=====
389
190
166
8,018
100
318
100
117
58 4,388
55
139
44
106
39 6,302
33 7,619
42 3,630
45
Boarding home or other
family home........ .......
466
1
149
1
281
2
36 (*)
Detention home *______ 12,297
27 4,661
25 5,220
29 2,335
29
Other institution______ 3,034
7 1,290
7 1,661
9
1
80
Jail or police station __ 1,591
3
95 «
330
2 1,066
13
Other place of care8___
310
1
85 (»)
108
1
113
1
Place of care not reported
43 (»)
22
19 (*)
(»)
No report on detention care____ 1 ,2 2 0
199
362
539
Girls’ cases.___. . . . . . . . __ 8,879
2,223
4,139
2,376
179
56
11
76
3
99
24
6
117
Report on detention c a r e ........
No detention care_________ 27,853
Detention care overnight or
longer.._______________ 17,741
100
61 12,712
100
67 10,508
100
*
8 ,6 6 8
No detention care_________ 4,745
Detention care overnight or
longer_________________ 3,923
100
100
4,062
100
31
(’)
1
3
2
71
24
2,286
100
106
100
19
55 1,367
62 2,077
51 1,243
54
43
41
15
45
38 1,985
49 1,043
46
63
59
4
Boarding home or other
family home____ ____
137
2
Detention home8______ 2,776
32
Other institution______
826
10
Jail or police station ___
101
1
Other place of care8.......
76
1
Place of care not reported
7 (»)
No report on detention care____
211
*
2,195
1
1
828
24
562
1
75
2
26 1,337
33
10
504
12
7 (*>
37
1
8
31
1
<*)
6
1
(>)
(•)
221
28
77
37
822
96
52
36
90
2
36
4
2
2
1
1
51
5
5
48
5
5
1
1
4
11
Jn 9 f^ ® 364 ‘i? 1? ! 3 »eporting delinquency cases, data for correlating place of detention care and age of
courtsWere avaUable onfy tor the 66 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional
8 Less than 1 percent.
of chOdren cared for part of the time in detention homes and part of the time elsewhere,
Out excludes cases of children also held in jails or police stations.
elsewhere 63 8
08868
cbddren care<^ tor part of the time in jails or police stations and part of the time
homes,*jails, orpolkeTtations1^
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
611
he,d in m0re th8n 1 place oi care but in places otber than detention
35
SU M M ARY TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T able 14.— Disposition and manner o f handling delinquency cases disposed o f by
8 6 4 courts in 1 9 8 6 1
Delinquency cases
Unofficial
Official
Total
Disposition of case
Num Percent
Num Percent
Num Percent
distri
distri
distri
ber bution
ber
ber
bution
bution
Total cases.........—-----------------------------
71,476
Disposition reported——----------------------------Child kept under supervision of court------Probation officer supervising----- ------Agency or individual supervising.........
Under temporary care of an institution.
Child not kept under supervision of courtCase dismissed or adjusted---------------Committed to—
State institution for delinquents...
Other institution for delinquents...
Penal institution----------------------Other institution----------------------Agency or individual...------------Referred without commitment to—
Institution.----- -----------------------Agency or individual----------------Referred to other court-------------------Restitution, fine, or costs ordered....... .
Runaway returned------------------------Other disposition of case-----------------Case held open without further action----Disposition not reported----------------------------
71,473
27,763
25,426
974
1,354
38,159
25,666
49,031
22,444
53
36
49,030
24,633
22,433
921
1,279
20,231
10,918
ÏÔÔ" 22,443
50 3,120
46 2,992
53
2
75
3
41 17,928
14,748
22
3
3 400
2 ! 287
100
39
36
1
2
2,287
(*)
(»)
68
352
68
352
KM
368
1,469
490
923
1,894
606
5,561
209
528
330
682
409
412
4,166
1
2
1
1
3
1
8
14
13
(*)
(»)
80
66
7
5
(»)
(*)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
159
941
160
241
1,485
194
1,395
1
2
100
1
4
1
1
7
1
6
1
-
i of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases,
360 reported official cases and 99 unofficial cases.
JLess than 1 percent.
T able 15.— D isposition o f cases o f boys and o f girls o f each age period dealt with
in delinquency cases disposed o f by 6 7 courts in 1 9 8 5 * ________________
Delinquency cases
Age of child when referred to court
Disposition of case, and sex of child
Total
Total cases________________
53,176
Boys' cases....____. . . . —. . . . . 44,860
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open
without further action--------------- 22,003
Supervised by probation officer........ 13,954
Committed or referred to an institution__________________________ 4,590
Committed or referred to an agency
or individual---------------------------- 1,681
697
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered—
Other disposition..... ................ ....... 1,934
10
Under yeats,
10
under
years
12
years,
under
14
12
14
years,
under
16
16
years,
under
18
18
years
and
over
6,233
12,144
21 ,8 6 6
9,795
324
134
117
2,680
2,422
5,784
10,702
17,931
7,670
234
1,679
471
3,155
1,648
5,169
3,476
8,009
6,178
3,880
133
62
78
7
118
422
1,135
2,167
726
20
2
140
39
75
268
73
218
420
130
371
600
206
771
251
227
474
1
2
1
20
16
9
2,125
90
17
8
2
2 ,1 1 2
1
1
Girls’ cases----- -——---------. . .
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open
without further action---------------Supervised by probation officer........
Committed or referred to an institution------- ---------------------------Committed or referred to an agency
or individual______________ ____
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered—
Other disposition---- ....---------------Disyusitiou not roportw.—----------
Age
not re
ported
8,316
258
449
1,442
3,935
3,243
2,464
164
40
224
114
661
450
1,379
1,317
867
521
40
1,343
16
47
235
693
335
17
702
52
511
16
9
13
36
4
23
111
319
13
214
213
13
176
6
1
7
78
20
1
6
7
1
i Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlating disposition of case Mid age of child
were available only for the 66 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 1 additional court.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
36
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able 16.— Disposition and reason fo r reference to court o f boys’ and girls’ delinquency
cases disposed o f by 6 7 courts in 1 9 3 6 1
Delinquency cases
Other reason
Reason not re
ported
Use, possession, or
sale of liquor or
drugs
Injury to person
Sex offense
Ungovernable
Running away
Truancy
Traffic violation
Total
Stealing
Disposition of case and sex of child
Act of carelessness
or mischief
Reason for reference to court
Total cases............................ . 53,176 22,609 12,160 1,869 2,812 3,947 5,425 2,044 1,218
337 504
221
Boys’ cases.............................. 44,860 21,579 11,326 1,754 1,928 2,580 3,052
239 441
121
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open
without further action____ _____
Supervised by probation officer___
Committed or referred to an institution...............................................
Committed or referred to an agency
or individual.................................
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered...
Other disposition______ _________
Disposition not reported___ ______
788 1,052
22,003 8,005 8,913 1,359 915 404 968 310 599
13,954 9,206 1,606 183 655 432 1,091 318 292
128 363 39
63 38 70
4,590 2,912
262
6
194
1,681
697
1,934
874
287
295
238
232
75
3
91
153
112
Girls’ cases.............. ................ 8,316 1,030
834
115 884 1,367 2,373 1,256
196
98 63
641
108
105 474 227 809 369
3 266 399 786 331
115
52
34
43
1
10
242 741
109
82
14
16
226
5
26
19
49
9
19
.6
15
4
5
118
3
1,381
21
6
19
1
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open
without further action__________ 3,243
Supervised by probation officer___ 2,464
Committed or referred to an institution________ ____ _____________ 1,343
Committed or referred to an agency
702
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered...
52
Other disposition..._____ _______
511
1
Disposition not reported..... ..........
415
405
99
22
72
23
16
46
10
7
1
2
4
10
1
12
100
26 28
16 55
47
232
525 368
11
12
11
15
90
115
221
2
135
3
49
7
5
10
1
10
1
2
2
7 394
30
1
1
1 Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlating disposition of case and reason for
reference to court were available only for the 66 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for
1 additional court.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
37
SU M M ARY TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T able 17.— Disposition o f case classified according to color o f boys and girls dealt
with in delinquency cases disposed o f by 6 8 courts in 1 98 5 1
Delinquency cases
Disposition of case, and sex of child
Total
Num
ber
White children
Percent
distri
bution
Num
ber
Percent
distri
bution
Colored children
Num
ber
Total cases......... ....................................
65,693
42,003
13,690
Boys'cases_______________ ..
46,814
35,283
11,531
_____
Disposition reported........................................... 46,813
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open without
- further action............................................ 22,417
Supervised by probation officer............. ..... 15,162
Committed or referred to an institution___
4,828
Committed or referred to an agency or individual....... ................................................ 1,733
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered................
697
Other disposition______________________
1,976
Disposition not reported...................................
Disposition reported..... .....................................
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open without
further action___ _____ ______ _______
Supervised by probation officer____ _____
Committed or referred to an institution___
Committed or referred to an agency or individual______________________ _______
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered.......... ......
Other disposition__________________ ____
Disposition not reported-...................................
Percent
distri
bution
100
35,282
100
11.531
100
48
32
17,150
11,754
3,181
49
33
9
5,267
3,408
1,647
46
30
14
1,164
555
1,478
3
4
569
142
498
4
10
4
1
4
1
1
8,879
6,720
2
5
1
2,159
8,878
100
6,719
100
2,159
100
3,291
1,434
37
32
16
2,402
2,214
36
33
17
889
654
323
41
30
15
719
52
514
8
1
6
536
28
428
8
183
24
6
86
2 ,8 6 8
1
1,111
(»)
8
1
4
1
1 Of the 364 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlating disposition of case and color of child
were available only for the 66 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
* Less than 1 percent.
DEPENDENCY AND NEGLECT CASES, 1935
T able 18.— A g e when referred to court o f children dealt with in dependency and
neglect cases disposed o f by 1 77 courts in 198 5
Dependency and neg
lect cases
Age of child when referred to court
Number
Percent
distribution
Total cases____
24,019
Age reported_______
23,973
100
2,741
2,579
2,857
3,108
3,188
3,172
2,828
2,700
800
11
11
12
Under 2 years___
2 years, under 4...
4 years, under 6 _
6 years, under 8 ...
8 years, under 10 ..
10 years, under 12 .
12 years, under 14.
14 years, under 16.
16 years and over.
Age not reported.
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46
13
13
13
12
11
3
38
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able 19.— Reason for reference to court o f children dealt with in dependency and
neglect cases disposed o f by 1 77 courts in 198 5
Dependency and neg
lect cases
Reason for reference to court
Number
Total cases____________________ ________ _____________
Without adequate care or support from parent or guardian_________________
Living under conditions injurious to morals_____1____________________
Physically handicapped and in need of public care............... ............. . .............
Abandonment or desertion___________________________ _______________
Percent
distri
bution
24,019
100
17,802
74
2 ,6 6 6
2 ,2 0 1
11
9
597
731
22
2
3
(•)
1 Less than 1 percent.
T able 20.— Color and nativity o f children dealt with in dependency and neglect
cases disposed o f by 5 9 courts in 1 98 5 1
Dependency and
neglect cases
Color and nativity of child
Number
Total cases....... ....................................... ..................... .................
Percent
distri
bution
19,412
100
White....................................................................................................................
16,791
86
Native born.___ _______ __________ _____ _____ ____________ ______
Foreign bom.......................................................... ........... ...........................
Nativity not reported.......... ................... ........................... ...........................
16,284
174
333
84
Colored_______________ _____ _________________ ________________ _____
2,621
14
Negro..... ............. .................................................. ....... ..............................
2,502
119
13
1
2
1
1 Of the 177 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, information on color and nativity of child
was available only for the 57 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
39
SU M M ARY TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T able 21.— Place where child was living when referred to court in dependency and
neglect cases disposed o f hy 5 9 courts in 198 5 1
Dependency and
neglect cases
Place where child was living when referred to court
Number
Percent
distri
bution
Total cases.
19,412
Place reported__
17,500
100
In own home.
12,632
72
4,617
409
282
4,757
2; 567
26
3,544
789
535
20
With both own parents____
With mother and stepfather.
With father and stepmother.
With mother only.............
With father only.................
In other family home.
In institution______
In other place______
2
2
27
15
5
3
1,912
Place not reported.
i Of the 177 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, information on place where child was living
when referred to court was available only for the 67 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and
for 2 additional courts.
T able 22.— M arital status o f parents o f children referred to court in dependency and
neglect'cases disposed o f hy 5 8 courts in 198 5 1
Dependency and
neglect cases
Marital status of parents
Number
Percent
distri
bution
Total cases...._______________
18,406
Status reported........ ............... .............
16,335
100
Parents married and living together.
One or both parents dead______ . . .
4,520
4,164
28
25
Both dead______ ___________
Father dead_______ _________
Mother dead.............................
556
1,266
2,342
14
Parents separated_________
5,793
35
Divorced_____________
Father deserting mother.
Mother deserting father.
Other reason..................
1,232
810
549
3,202
8
Parents not married to each other
Other status_____________ ____
1,822
36
Status not reported.
3
8
5
3
20
11
(*)
2,071
1 Of the 177 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, information on marital status of parents was
available only for the 57 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 1 additional court.
* Less than 1 percent.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
40
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able 23.— M arital status of parents, classified according to place where child was
living when referred to court, in dependency and neglect cases disposed o f by 5 8
courts in 198 5 1
Dependency and neglect cases
Place where child was living when referred to court
In own home
Marital status of parents
Total
In
With With
other
With moth
father With With fam
both
er
and moth father ily
Total own and
step
er
home
par step moth
only only
ents father er
Total cases___I___ 18,406 12,117
Parents married and liv
ing together_____ ____
Both parents dead______
Father dead___________
Mother dead__________
Parents divorced_______
Father deserting mother..
Mother deserting father..
Parents separated for
other reasons_________
Parents not married to
each other______ _____
Other status___________
Status not reported_____
4,449
4,520 4,345 4,345
556
938
1,266
2,342 1,386
959
1,232
1
810
667
549
468
3,202
2,354
1,822
36
2,071
921
103
376
148
184
268
185
75
In
In Not
insti other
tu place port
tion
ed
4.530
2,494 3,375
774
790
61
41
55
158
98
470
238
809
219
12
100
57
35
34
18
541
655
55
1 ,201
413
110
1,689
665
707
116
37
4
737
40
7
4
62
590
23
64
20
1
78
1
5
1,900
1,896
* Of the 177 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, data for correlating marital status of parents
and place where child was living when referred to court were available only for the 57 courts that reported
on an individual-card basis and for 1 additional court.
T able 24.— Source o f reference to court o f fam ilies represented in dependency and
neglect cases disposed o f by 5 8 courts in 1 93 5 1
Families represented in
dependency and neg
lect cases
Source of reference to court
Percent
distribu
tion
Number
Total cases_______________
10,518
Source reported............... .................
Parents or relatives...... ....... ..........
Social agency.......................................
Individual________________ ...
Police_________________
Probation officer____ _________
8 chool department................ .........
Other source__________ ____
Source not reported.....................................
238
1
1 Of the 177 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, information on number of families represented
was available only for the 57 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for l additional court.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
41
SU M M ARY TABLES, 19 3 5
T able 25.— Reason for reference to court and number of families represented in
dependency and neglect cases disposed of by 58 courts in 1986 1
Dependency and neglect cases
Families represented
Reason for reference to court
Total............................................................................................
Total
cases
Number
Percent
distribu
tion
18,406
10,518
100
13,052
496
667
2,278
1,006
7
7,639
322
414
1,149
989
5
73
3
4
11
9
(*>
i of the 177 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, information on number of families represented
was available only for the 57 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 1 additional court,
s Less than 1 percent.
T able 26.— Place of care of child pending hearing or disposition in dependency
and neglect cases disposed of by 69 courts in 1985 1
Dependency and
neglect cases
Place of detention care
Number
Percent
distribu
tion
19,412
18,738
100
13,617
5,121
73
27
514
1,593
2,934
17
63
3
9
16
<»)
(*)
674
1of the 177 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, information on place of detention care was
available only for the 57 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
2 includes cases of children cared for part of the time in detention homes and part of the time elsewhere,
but excludes cases of children also held in jails or police stations.
3 Less than 1 percent.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
42
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T ab le 27.— Disposition and manner of handling dependency and neglect cases dis
posed of by 177 courts in 19S5 1
Dependency and neglect cases
Disposition of case
Total
Official
Percent
distri
bution
Num
ber
24,018
100
7,355
Probation officer supervising__
Agency or individual supervising
Under temporary care of an institution.
Unofficial
Percent
distri
bution
Num
ber
19,931
100
4,087
31
7,069
35
286
7
4,003
2,175
1,177
17
9
5
3,780
2,133
1,156
19
11
6
223
42
21
5
Child not kept under supervision of court___
15,182
63
11,807
59
3.375
83
Case dismissed or adjusted...........
Committed to—
State institution..... ...............
Other institution..................
Public department...... ..........
Other agency..........................
Individual...........................
Referred without commitment to—
Institution.................................
Agency or individual.......................
Referred to other court__
Other disposition of case___ ____
6,191
26
3,506
18
2,685
66
282
1,984
1,483
1,149
636
1
8
6
5
3
282
1,984
1^483
1,149
636
1
10
7
1,402
952
162
941
6
4
1
4
1,335
425
86
921
1,481
6
1,055
Num
ber
Total cases__ _______________
Disposition reported.............................
Child kept under supervision of court- .
Case held open without further action
Disposition not reported____
24,019
1
19,932
Percent
distri
bution
4,087
100
i
6
3
(!)
7
2
5
67
527
76
20
5
426
«
10
1
i Of the 177 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, 176 reported official cases and 33 reported
unofficial cases.
1Less than 1 percent.
SPECIAL-PROCEEDINGS CASES, 1935
T able 28.— Type of special-proceedings cases disposed of by 64 courts in 1935
Type of case
Percent
distribu
tion
Number
Total....................................
Material witness1...................
Care of feeble-minded child2____
Adoption proceedings__________
Custody or guardianship proceedings...
Permission to marry__________
Permission to enlist in Army or Navy
Other * .....................
283
128
7
1
‘ Reported by the following courts only: New York City; Rensselaer and Westchester Counties. N. Y.:
Hamilton County, Ohio; Philadelphia, Pa.; and Spokane, Wash.
1In all but 7 of the cases, court action was brought for the purpose of committing the child to an institution
for the feeble-minded.
* Includes 60 cases of action in juvenile court to terminate parental rights or to declare child eligible for
adoption, prior to adoption proceedings in another court.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
SUMMARY TABLES, 1 9 3 5
43
CASES OF CHILDREN DISCHARGED FROM SUPERVISION, 1935
T able 29.— Reason for discharge in cases of delinquent and of dependent and
neglected children discharged from supervision by 216 courts in 1936 1
Cases of children discharged from
supervision
Reason for discharge
Dependent and
neglected
Delinquent
Number
Percent
distri Number
bution
Percent
distri
bution
Total cases______________________________________
17,030
Reason reported_______________________________________
16,855
100
3,567
100
11,170
66
1,063
286
2
01
55
3
359
2,250
298
164
2
13
2
1
84
368
381
18
2
10
11
1
611
617
4
4
487
128
14
4
Conduct of child satisfactory or conditions improved_____
Expiration of period specified by court_________________
Order of court fulfilled________ __________ ______ ____
Conduct of child or conditions unsatisfactory but further
supervision not advised___________________________
Child committed or referred to an institution............. .......
Child committed or referred to an agency or individual......
Referred to another court_____________ ______ ________
Whereabouts of child unknown or child moved from Juris
diction of court___________________________________
Other reason_______________________________________
Reason not reported.
3,583
7
1,100
175
47
1
16
>Of the 216 courts reporting supervision cases, 216 reported delinquency cases and 41 reported dependency
and neglect cases.
T able 30.— Length of time child was under supervision in cases of delinquent and
of dependent and neglected children discharged from supervision by 216 courts
in 1936 1
Cases of children discharged from
supervision
Duration of supervision
Dependent and
neglected
Delinquent
Number
Percent
distri
bution
Number
Percent
distri
bution
Total cases___ ________
17,030
Duration reported___________
16,845
100
3,583
100
5,491
5,097
3,495
33
30
21
7
6
3
1,481
675
346
273
321
487
41
19
Less than 6 months_______
6 months, less than 1 year...
1 year, less than 18 months..
18 months, less than 2 years.
2 years, less than 3 years___
3 years or more__________
Duration not reported.
1,212
967
583
3,583
10
8
9
14
185
1 Of the 216 courts reporting supervision cases, 216 reported delinquency cases and 41 reported dependency
and neglect cases.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
SUM M ARY TABLES
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
1936
45
78616°— 39----- 4
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
DELINQUENCY CASES, 1936
T able 1.— Age under which court has original jurisdiction and age when referred
to court o f boys and girls dealt with in delinquency cases disposed o f by S59
courts during 1986 1
Delinquency cases
Age under which court has original jurisdiction *
Age of child when
referred to court
Total
18 years
17 years
16 years
21
years
Boys
Girls
Boys
Girls
Boys
Girls
Boira
Girls
Boys
53,485
9,835
24,119
2,789
Under 10 years.............
2,712
10 years..........................
3,772
11 years--------------------5,222
12 years..........................
13 years--------------------- 7,054
14 years--------------------- 10,057
15 years______________ 11,871
16 years______________ 6,267
17 years.......... — .......... 3,071
268
18 years and over...........
276
Total cases.......—
Not reported..................
Girls
3,223
12,006
1,674
13,746
3,964
3,614
974
442
542
734
1,105
1,598
2,314
2,588
2,557
45
9
29
85
80
62
90
194
343
493
400
16
4
653
612
889
1,086
1,454
2,014
2.404
2.404
2,080
106
329
580
1,107
1,892
2,802
1,593
840
83
125
1,609
98
1,478
152
2,029
284
2,848
457
3,721
729
5,257
6,247 1,148
97
537
19
125
10
30
101
16
15
14
88
185
393
662
956
861
598
30
120
133
104
72
22
62
6
200
402
238
21
66
183
281
472
632
769
821
141
63
158
205
235
207
39
30
1
21
i Of the 367 courts reporting delinquency cases, 358 reported boys cases and 327reported girls cases.
i gome courts have jurisdiction under special circumstances beyond the agespecified: also courts occasion
ally deal informally with children who are just beyond the age of juvenile-court jurisdiction.
T able 2.— Age when referred to court o f white and colored boys and girls dealt with
in delinquency cases disposed of by 68 courts in 1986 1
Delinquency cases
Girls
Boys
Age of child when
referred to court
Colored
White
Colored
White
Total
Percent Num Percent
Num Percent
Num Percent
distri
distri
distri Num
distri
ber bution
ber bution
ber bution
ber bution
Total cases— ............ 46,848
Age not reported...... ..........
107
63
100
5
5
7
9
13
19
23
11
8
1
1 0 ,0 1 0
529
630
940
1,219
1,460
1,917
2,093
885
314
23
36
1,778
5,427
10,046
29,597
Age reported................... r— 46,741 29,534
1,533
Under 10 years.............. 2,267
2,187 1,401
10 years.........................
1,994
3,178
11 years--------------------4,323 2,663
12 years........... - ............
3,855
6,145
13 years.........................
14 years--------------------- 8,848 5,536
15 years----- --------------- 10,789 6,665
3,386
16 years-------- ------------- 5,421
17 years......................... 3,330 2,344
157
253
18 years and over--------
100
5,423
5
163
6
9
13
15
19
21
9
3
(»)
111
152
293
553
1,006
1,563
930
584
68
4
100
3
2
3
5
10
19
29
17
11
1
1,774
100
2
3
5
8
42
45
92
148
277
389
468
16
22
26
12
220
88
5
5
(»)
4
i Of the 367 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlattag age and color were available only for
the 62courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 1additional court,
aLess than 1percent.
47
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
48
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able 3.
Color and nativity of boys and girls dealt with in delinquency cases
disposed o f by 64 courts, and by 26 courts that served areas with 10,000 or more
Negro population, 1 in 1936 2
Delinquency cases
All courts reporting nativity and color3
Color and nativity of
child
Boys
Total
Courts reporting nativity and color
serving areas with 10,000 or more
Negro population3
Girls
Boys
Per
Per Total
Num cent Num cent
ber distri ber distri
bution
bution
Total cases_______ 49,300 41,535
7,765
Girls
Per
Per
Num cent Num cent
ber distri ber distri
bution
bution
32,928
27,888
100
5,040
100
White........... ....... ....... .. 37,268 31,338
75 5,930
76 21,953
18,530
66
3,423
68
Native born... .......... 36,067 30,362
Foreign bom........
686
562
Nativity not reported
SIS
414
73 5,705
1
124
73 20,995
2
505
1
453
17,753
413
364
64 3,242
1
92
1
89
64
Colored.......................
Negro.....................
Other___________
12,032
10,197
11,925 10,123
107
74
100
100
2
2
1
101
25
1,835
24
10,975
9,358
34
1,617
32
24 1,802
33
(•)
23
(•)
10,944
31
9,333
25
33
(*)
1,611
‘ 32
(»)
6
1 According to the 1930 census.
reporting delinquency cases, information on nativity and color was available onlvfor
S^w tthW .000m m S ^ ^ ? Ip ^ S t i S 'Card b8SiS 80(1 f°r 2 additl0nal courts: of these' only 26 served
3Less than 1 percent.
T able 4.
Parent nativity o f native white boys and girls dealt with in delinquency
cases disposed o f by 64 courts in 1936 1
Delinquency cases of native white children
Boys
Parent nativity
Total
Number
Total cases..................
Parent nativity reported...
Native parentage........... .......
Foreign or mixed parentage____
Parent nativity not reported...
Girls
Percent
distri Number
bution
Percent
distri
bution
36,067
30,362
34,940
29,452
100
5,488
100
22,937
12,003
18,882
10,570
64
36
4,055
1,433
74
26
1,127
910
5,705
217
worts reporting delinquency cases, information on parent nativity was available only for the
62 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
y
e
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
49
SUMMARY TABLES, 1 9 3 6
T able 5.— Place where boys and girls were living when referred to court in delinquency
cases disposed o f by 64 courts in 1936 1
Delinquency cases
Boys
Place where child was living when referred to court
Total
Number
Girls
Percent
distri
bution
Number
Percent
distri
bution
49,300
41,535
46,973
39,592
100
7,381
100
42,491
36,433
92
6,058
82
With both own parents....................... .........
With mother and stepfather______________
With father and stepmother___________ ..
With mother only.........................................
With father only...........................................
27,108
2,876
1,164
8,734
2,609
23,923
2,283
927
7,187
2,113
60
3,185
593
237
1,547
496
43
In other family home_________________ _____
In institution.................... ....... ....................... .
In other place......................................................
3,370
454
658
2,360
321
478
6
1
1
1 ,0 1 0
14
2,327
1,943
Place reported.............. .......................................—
In own home______ _______________________
7,765
6
2
18
5
8
3
21
7
133
180
2
2
384
i Of the 367 courts reporting delinquency cases, information on the place where the child was living when
referred to court was available only for the 62 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2
additional courts.
T able 6.— Marital status of parents of boys and girls dealt with in delinquency
cases disposed of by 64 courts in 1936 1
Delinquency cases
Boys
Marital status of parents
Total
Number
Girls
Percent
distri Number
bution
Perceut
distri
bution
49,300
41,535
Status reported..........................................................
46,393
39,147
100
7,246
100
Parents married and living together__________
One or both parents dead....................... ............
27,785
24,387
8,316
62
3,398
1,895
47
. 26
Both dead................................................
Father dead........................................ .........
Mother dead______________ ___________
885
5,919
3,407
Parents separated__________________ _____ _
10,211
7,765
21
692
4,936
2 ,6 8 8
13
7
193
983
719
10
2
3
14
7,577
5,824
15
1,753
24
Divorced....................................................
Father deserting mother_____ ____ _______
Mother deserting father________________ _
Other reasons...................... ....... .................
3,387
1,322
229
2,639
2,442
1,089
163
2,130
6
945
233
13
3
Parents not married to each other______ ______
Other status___ __________ ______ __________
806
14
611
9
2,907
2,388
Status not reported............ .................................. .
3
(*)
(«)
66
5
509
2
195
5
1
7
3
0
)
519
i Of the 367 courts reporting delinquency cases, information on marital status of parents was available
only for the 62 cohrts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
* Less than 1 percent.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
50
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able 7.
Marital status of parents, classified according to place where child was
Im ng when referred to court; hoys’ and girls’ delinquency cases disposed o f bu
64 courts xn 19S6 1
J *
Delinquency cases
Place where child was living when referred to court
Marital status of parents
and sex of child
In own home
Total
In
In
othei insti
In Not
With With With
re
both moth father With With fam tu other port
Total own er and and moth father ily tion place
ed
step
par step
er only only home
ents father moth
er
Total cases_______ 49,300 42,491 27,108
2,876
1,164
8,734
2,609 3,370
454
658 2,327
Boys’ cases...
2,283
927
7,187
2,113 2,360
321
478
177
87
212
3,391
40
40
47
46
21
21
23
1,449
224
9
119
245
498
177
57
17
1,524
265
246
33
14
Parents married and liv
ing together_________
Both parents dead_____
Father dead___________
Mother dead__________
Parents divorced_______
Father deserting mother..
Mother deserting father..
Parents separated for
other reasons.......... .....
Parents not married to
each other___________
Other status___________
Status not reported.........
Girls’ cases.
41,535 36,433 23,923
24,387 23,911 23,911
692
4,936 4,604
2 ,6 8 8
2,103
2,442 2 ,2 2 2
1
1,089 1,014
163
142
2,130
1,794
611
9
2,388
376
267
7,765
6,058
1,213
861
5
654
216
5
11
3,185
Parents married and liv
ing together............. .
3,398 3,179 3,179
Both parents dead_____
193
Father dead___________
983
853
Mother dead__________
719
456
Parents divorced.............
945
734
Father deserting mother..
233
208
Mother deserting father..
66
54
Parents separated for
other reasons.......... ......
509
396
1
Parents not married to
each other.................. .
195
106
5
Other status___ _______
5
Status not reported_____
519
70
920
1 ,0 0 0
72
10
265
18
214
127
47
64
29
106
593
237
1,547
496
244
303
163
68
2
28
609
296
293
67
202
4
4
50
330
65
------
1
1
1
53
7
1
29
52
1,934
1 ,0 1 0
133
180
384
113
176
89
226
159
19
28
9
25
11
1
86
13
9
2
66
5
79
4
40
12
49
2
14
8
15
1,943
3
20
19
8
16
16
32
1
1
1
16
377
delinquency cases, data tor correlating marital status of parents and nlaon
aVaUable 0nly f°r the 62 ««rts that reP°rt®d on an
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
51
SUMMARY TABLES, 1 9 3 6
T able 8.— Source of reference to court o f delinquency cases disposed of by 64 courts
in m e 1
Delinquency cases
Source of reference to court
Percent
distri
bution
Total
49,300
49,291
100
32,012
3,267
1,446
872
891
4,300
6,254
249
65
7
3
2
2
9
13
1
9
T able 9.— Reason for reference to court o f boys and girls dealt with in delinquency
cases disposed of by S67 courts in 1936 1
Delinquency cases
Girls
Boys
Reason (or reference to court
Total
Percent
Percent
Number distribu Number distribu
tion
tion
63,320
53,485
Reason reported-------- ------- ---------------------
62,998
53,317
Automobile stealing--------------------------Burglary or unlawful entry.....................
Hold-up..................................................
Other stealing---------------:----------------- Act of carelessness or mischief-------------Traffic violation-------- ------- --------------Truancy....................................- ............
Running away________________ _____
Ungovernable------------ --------------------Sex offense_________________________
Injury to person.............. ............. --......
Use, possession, or sale of liquor or drugs.
Other reason_______________________
2.382
7,570
474
17,235
12,610
2,704
4,297
3,939
5,847
3,320
1,390
404
826
2,365
7,492
467
16,234
11,889
2,597
3,128
2,478
3,206
1,214
1,215
313
719
Total cases.
Reason not reported.
i
168
9,835
100
9,681
4
14
17
78
7
1
30
22
5
6
5
6
2
2
1
1
100
«
721
107
1,169
1,461
2,641
2,106
175
91
107
154
of the 367 courts reporting delinquency cases, 358 reported boys’ cases and 327 reported girls’ cases.
1 percent.
1 Less than
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1
(*)
1 ,0 0 1
10
7
1
12
15
27
22
2
1
1
52
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T ab le 10.— Reason for reference to court of boys and girls o f each age period dealt
with in delinquency cases disposed o f by 63 courts in 1936 1
Delinquency cases
Reason for reference to court,
and sex of child
Age of child when referred to court
Total
Under 10 10 years, 12 years, 14 years, 16years, 18 years Age not
years under 12 under 14 under 16 under 18 and over reported
Total cases.......... ....... 46,848
2,267
5,365
10,468
19,637
8,751
253
107
Boys’ cases_________
39.643
2,062
4,965
9,197
16,211
6,929
180
99
Automobile stealing............ 1,606
Burglary or unlawful entry.. 4,998
Hold-up____________ _____
365
Other stealing..... ................. 12,046
Act of carelessness or mischief................................ . 9,506
Traffic violation............. ...... 1,936
Truancy________________
1,972
Running away..................... 2,161
Ungovernable_______ ____
2,534
Sex offense_______ ______
800
Injury to person.............. .
959
Use, possession, or sale of
liquor or drugs....... ..........
224
Other reason_____________
408
Reason not reported----------128
9
252
9
591
35
645
40
1,776
178
1,300
70
3,226
802
2,116
183
4,803
565
665
63
1,597
15
15
5
34
19
785
1,467
3,705
430
1,061
959
1,096
321
372
1,015
1,418
388
338
287
183
167
32
24
3
16
13
H
35
6
18
133
105
5
4
7
73
Girls’ cases.................
7,205
Automobile stealing.............
Burglary or unlawful entry..
Hold-up...............................
Other stealing........... ..........
Act of carelessness or mischief..................................
Traffic violation..................
Truancy_________________
Running away............. .......
Ungovernable.......................
Sex offense............ ...............
Injury to person__________
Use, possession, or sale of
liquor or drugs...............
Other reason_____________
Reason not reported.............
10
52
4
747
577
81
792
1,219
2,128
1,191
147
48
77
174
51
51
149
278
320
78
128
2,467
49
315
486
641
156
217
1
1
21
1
12
9
4
29
7
49
22
64
209
90
205
400
1,271
3,426
1,822
2
6
1
1
142
4
88
4
6
15
13
8
11
1
39
93
2
202
267
59
65
1
14
37
28
7
29
23
85
59
19
4
9
10
68
57
132
2
159
2
102
176
372
171
34
2
8
28
200
16
473
666
1,079
509
56
33
20
88
62
174
325
531
406
26
19
23
18
33
23
3
4
2
2
8
7
3
8
2
1
5
t Of the 367 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlating reason for reference to court and age
of child were available only for the 62 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 1 additional
court.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
53
SU M M ARY TABLES, 1 9 3 6
T able 11.— Reason fo r reference to court, and color o f boys and girls dealt with in
delinquency cases disposed o f by 6 4 courts in 198 6 1
Delinquency cases
Reason for reference to court, and sex of child
White children
Total
Colored children
Percent
Percent
Percent
Number distri Number distri Number distri
bution
bution
bution
Total cases............................. ..................
Boys’ cases--------------------------------------Reason reported...............................-.................
Automobile stealing. ............... ...................
Burglary or unlawful entry................ .........
Hold-up........................................................
Other stealing........................................ —
Act of carelessness or mischief,................ .
Traffic violation...........................................
Truancy—....................................................
Running away.................................... .........
Ungovernable.............................................
Sex offense.................................................. Injury to person...............— .....................
Use, possession, or sale of liquor or drugs—
Other reason.................................................
40,300
41,535
41,377
1,974
5,413
396
12,464
9,575
2,096
2,081
2,161
2,611
953
963
254
436
100
5
13
1
30
23
5
5
5
6
2
2
1
1
7,765
7.619
10
Burglary or unlawful entry..........................
Other stealing...............................................
Act of carelessness or mischief-------- ---------Traffic violation...........................................
Truancy.......................................................
Running away_________________________
Ungovernable........- .......... ....... ..................
Sex offense.............. -....................................
Injury to person...........................................
Use, possession, or sole of liquor or drugs__
Other reason.................................................
58
4
778
579
97
805
1,219
2,137
1,655
148
72
57
100
5
13
1
28
23
6
6
5
6
3
2
1
1
100
5,933
5,849
(*)
(*)
10
1
46
10
8
1
11
546
377
92
717
16
28
22
2
1
1
100
100
3
13
2
36
25
1
2
5
7
2
4
(')
1
1,832
1,770
100
(»)
1
9
6
2
12
17
26
23
1 ,0 0 2
1,521
1,374
52
59
53
1
1
1
12
(»)
4
232
1
13
11
202
5
(*)
88
217
616
281
96
13
4
5
12
35
16
5
1
(*)
62
84
146
12,018
10,186
10.141
264
1,320
215
3,658
2,494
98
240
484
696
157
410
38
67
45
113
158
Reason reported................................ ................
37,282
31,349
31,236
1,710
4,093
181
8,806
7,081
1,998
1,841
1,677
1,915
796
553
216
369
i Of the 367 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlating reason for reference to court and color
of child were available only for the 62 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional
courts.
1 Less than 1 percent.
T able 12.— Court experience o f boys and girls dealt with in delinquency cases dis
posed o f by 6 4 courts in 1 98 6 1 Delinquency cases
Court experience
Boys
Number
Child having no court experience previous to 1936...............
Child having 1 or more court experiences previous to 1936..
Court experience previous to 1936 not reported...................
Subsequent 1936 court experience.__________________ ______
Girls
Percent
distri Number
bution
Percent
distri
bution
41,535
100
7,765
100
36,492
88
7,227
93
27,061
9,426
5
65
23
6,227
999
5,043
(»)
1
12
538
80
13
(*)
7
1 Of the 367 courts reporting delinquency cases, information on previous court experience was available
only for the 62 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
1 Less than 1 percent.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
54
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T a b le 13.— P la ce o f ’ ca re p en d in g h earin g o r d isp o sitio n , a n d age w h en referred
to cou rt o f h o ys an d g irls d ealt w ith in d elin q u en cy ca ses d isp o sed o f b y 6 4 cou rts
in 1 9 S 6 1
Delinquency cases
Age of child wheil referred to court
Total
Place of care, and sex of child
Under 14
years
16 years,
under 18
14 years,
under 16
18 years
and over
Age
not
re
port
Per
Per
Per
Per
Per
cent
cent
cent
cent
cent ed
Num dis- Num dis- Num dis- Num dis- Num disber tri- ber tri- ber tri- ber tri- ber tribububububution
tion
tion
tion
tion
49,300
18,543
20,450
9,818
351
41,635
16,606
16,816
7,716
268
Report on detention care............ 40.488
16,402
100
16,477
63 11,107
68
138
129
7,277
100
235
100
97
10,063
61 4,257
58
117
50
85
37 5,295
32 6,414
39 3,020
42
118
50
12
Boarding home or other
395
family home................
Detention home *........... 10,764
2,024
Jail or police station4__ 1,332
344
Other place of care5.......
1
133
27 4,133
5 854
89
3
1
47
28 1,937
7
85
2
839
86
1
213]
25 4,638
5 1,084
1
338
1
141
1,047
204
339
439
No detention care_________ 26,629 Detention care overnight or
longer_________________ 14,869
100
1
7,766
Report on detention care.......... 7,599
No detention care................. 4,175
Detention care overnight or
longer_________________ 3,424
Boarding home or other
Jail or police station4__
Other place of care4____
99
2,527
629
69
100
166
1,937
100
1,913
100
1
3,634
100
3,578
112
1
46
1
12
2
1
66
4
(*)
20
(J)
28
2
33
9
100
78
100
8
8
62 1,926
54 1,018
50
40
51
45
38 1,652
46 1,004
50
38
49
1
33
8
1
1
1
54
23
512
27 1,168
178
9 364
4 (»)
30
1
36
13
24
56
2
1
2 ,0 2 2
55 1,183
730
1
10
32
83
2 ,1 0 2
100
1
27
21
33
815
10
1
1
86
32
50
80
1
1
1
40
4
32
41
1
1
3
4
1
1
2
2
5
1
1 Of the 367 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlating place of detention care and age of
child were available only for the 62 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional
courts.
4 Less than 1 percent.
* Includes cases of children cared for part of the time in detention homes and part of the time elsewhere,
tut excludes cases of children also held in jails or police stations.
4 Includes a few cases of children cared for part of the time in jails or police stations and part of the time
elsewhere.
4 Includes a few cases of children held in more than 1 place of care but in places other than detention homes,
jails, or police stations.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
55
SU M M ARY TABLES, 1 9 3 6
T able 14.—
D isp o s itio n and m a n n er o f h a n d lin g d elin q u en cy ca ses d isp o sed o f b y
S 6 7 cou rts in 1 9 8 6 1
lelinquency case.
Total
Disposition of case
Official
Unofficial
Percent Num Percent
Num Percent
distri Num
distri
distri
ber bution
ber bution
ber bution
Total cases....... .................................................. 63,320
Child kept under supervision of court___ _________ 24,108
Probation officer supervising_____ ____________ 21,804
Agency or individual supervising.............. ......... 1,149
Under temporary care of an institution_________ 1,155
Child not kept under supervision of court____ _____
43,612
100
19,708
38 21,470
49
2,638
13
34
19,336
1,057
1,077
44
2,468
92
78
13
100
2
2
2
2
100
(»)
(’)
34,615
55
18,782
43
15,833
80
Case dismissed or adjusted.................................... 22,881
Committed to—
State institution for delinquents___________
3,139
Other institution for delinquents..................... 2,315
Penal institution...... ..................... .................
48
Other institution....... ....................... .............
513
Agency or individual......................................
547
Referred without commitment to—
Institution______ _______________________
301
1,194
Agency or individual......................................
Referred to other court....... ............................... .
503
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered..........................
917
Runaway returned........................................ ....... 1,546
Other disposition of case........................................
711
36
10,007
23
12,874
65
5
4
3,139
2'315
48
513
547
Case held open without further action_______ _____
1 Of the 367 courts reporting delinquency cases,
2 Less than 1 percent.
T able 15.—
(»)
1
1
(*)
4,597
2
1
1
2
1
7
153
281
365
(»)
7
5
1
1
286
440
688
1
1
2
1
1
148
913
138
229
1,260
271
1
1
6
1
3,360
8
1,237
6
(2)
1
5
363 reported official cases and 08 unofficial cases.
D isp o s itio n o f ca ses o f b o ys and o f g irls o f each age p erio d dealt w ith in
d elin q u en cy ca ses d isp o sed o f b y 6 8 cou rts in 1 9 8 6 1
Delinquency cases
Age of child when referred to court
Disposition of case, and sex of child
Total
years,
under
14
12
14
years,
under
16
16
years,
under
18
Total cases________________
10,468
19,637
8,751
253
Boys’ cases__ __ _________
9,197
16,211
6,929
180
4,448
2,921
7,324
5,435
3,427
1,749
100
1,021
1,981
738
20
21
Under
10
years
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open
without further action__________ 19,420
Supervised by probation officer____ 11,866
Committed or referred to an institu
4,322
tion....... - ............... ................ —
Committed or referred to an agency
or individual............. ................ . 1,538
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered....
699
1,798
Other disposition________________
7,205
Girls’ cases__________ ____
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open
without further action________...
Supervised by probation officer____
Committed or referred to an institu
tion............ ......... ....... ........... .....
Committed or referred to an agency
or individual..................... ...........
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered....
Other disposition________________
1,391
365
10
years,
under
12
2,670
1,347
112
92
41
61
205
252
59
191
400
393
115
299
1,271
540
214
717
3,426
255
259
501
1,822
2,847
1,997
138
32
211
511
380
1,194
1,022
756
441
1,246
14
40
679
291
611
35
469
11
30
3
290
9
232
172
13
149
4
6
106
10
102
3
64
18
not
years Age
re
and ported
over
107
35
1
3
73
1 Of the 367 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlating disposition of case and age of child
were available only for the 62 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 1 additional court.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
56
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able 16 .— D isposition and reason fo r reference to court o f boys* and girls' delin
quency cases disposed o f by 6 3 courts in 1 93 6 1
Delinquency cases
Total cases.— ..................... 46,848 19,828 10,083 2,017 2,764 3,380 4,662 1,991 1,106
B oys’ ca se s--------------------------- 39,643 19,015 9,506 1,936 1,972 2,161 2,534 800 959
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open
without further action............... 19,420 6.896 7,456 1,455 938 397 938 342 537
Supervised by probation officer... 11,866 7,794 1,358 195 655 314 789 304 268
Committed or referred to an insti8
234 219 612 107 79
tution______________________ 4,322 2,770 239
Committed or referred to an
7 128 114 181 25 22
agency or individual.................. 1,538 902 146
1
4 40
5
699 268 245 108
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered.
62 163 17 1,116
9 18 13
1,798 385
7,205 813 577 81 792 1,219 2,128 1,191 147
G irls’ ca se s........ ....................Dismissed, adjusted, or held open
without further action............... 2,847 345 450 67 434 270 761 339 91
4 220 278 641 362 34
265
71
Supervised by probation officer... 1,997
Committed or referred to an insti16
1
56 204 492 334 10
97
tution............................-.......... 1,246
Committed or referred to an
5
29
73 98 211 113
76
611
1
1
6
5
35
8
13
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered.
1
42
4
9 368 23
3
469
17
Other disposition................ "........
Reason not reported
Other reason
Use, possession, orsale
of nquor or drugs
Injury to person
Sex offense
Ungovernable
Running away
Truancy
Traffic violation
Stealing
Total
Disposition of case, and sex of
child
Act of carelessness or
mischief
Reason for reference to court
292 465
224 408
260
128
105 311
79 44
45
10
27
17
5
17
8
11
66
8
T
68
57
132
40
18
30
13
91
5
10
21
3
3
1
1
1
20
i Of the 367 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlating disposition of case and reason for
reference to court were available only for the 62 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 1
additional court.
T able 17 .— D isposition o f case classified according to color o f boys and girls dealt
with in delinquency cases disposed o f by 6 4 courts in 1936 1
Delinquency cases
White children
Total
Colored children
Disposition of case, and sex of child
Num
ber
Total cases................................................ 49,300
Boys’ cases..___ _____________________ 41,535
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open without
19,672
13,076
4,608
Committed or referred to an agency or indi1,637
699
1,843
Girls’ cases___ ____________________— 7,765
Dismissed, adjusted, or held open without
2,890
2,341
1,348
Committed or referred to an agency or indi671
35
480
Other disposition.......................... ............ .........
Percent
distri
bution
100
Num
ber
37,282
31,349
Percent
distri
bution
100
Num
ber
Percent
distri
bution
12,018
10,186
100
4,379
3.104
1,576
43
30
15
4
100
15,293
9,972
3,032
49
32
4
100
1,138
'486
1,428
5,933
100
499
213
415
1,832
37
30
17
2,175
1,766
1,032
37
30
17
715
575
316
39
31
17
9
145
14
67
4
47
31
11
4
2
4
9
526
6
413
(»)
21
10
2
5
(*)
7
5
2
8
1
* Of the 367 courts reporting delinquency cases, data for correlating disposition of case and color of child
were available only for the 62 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
1 Less than 1 percent.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
SU M M ARY TABLES, 1 9 3 6
57
DEPENDENCY AND NEGLECT CASES, 1936
T able 18.— A g e when referred to court o f children dealt with in dependency and
neglect cases disposed o f hy 1 54 courts in 193 6
Dependency and neglect
cases
Age of child when referred to court
Number
Total cases____
23,599
Age reported_______
Percent
distri
bution
23,551
100
Under 2 years___
2 years, under 4...
4 years, under 6 ...
6 years, under 8 ...
8 years, under 10 ..
10 years, under 12 .
12 years, under 14.
14 years, under 16.
16 years and over.
2,754
2,390
2,756
2,992
3,111
3,024
2,977
2,740
807
12
10
12
Age not reported____
48
13
13
13
13
12
3
T able 19.— Reason fo r reference to court o f children dealt with in dependency and
neglect cases disposed o f b y 154 courts in 1936
Dependencyand neglect
cases
Reason for reference to court
Number
Total cases.......... ...........................
Without adequate care or support from parent or guardian............................ .
Living under conditions injurious to morals____ __________
Physically handicapped and in need of public care________ ________________
Abandonment or desertion.................. .’. ........................................................
Abuse or cruel treatment...........................................................
Other reasons......... ............. ................
1 Less than
Percent
distri
bution
23,599
100
17,454
2,650
1,966
74
11
8
3
4
666
826
37
(0
1 percent.
T able 20.— Color and nativity o f children dealt with in dependency and neglect cases
disposed o f by 6 6 courts in 193 6 1
Dependency and neglect
case.
Color and nativity of child
Number
Total cases....... ..........................
White...........................
Native born_________
Foreign born.........................
Nativity not reported........................
Colored____ _______: ................
Negro................... ................ .......
Other..................................... '
Percent
distri
bution
18, 700
15, 041
15, 409
140
880
82
l
2
2, 750
2, 594
165
i Of the 154 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, information on color and nativity of child was
available only for the 54 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
58
T able 21.— Place where child was living when referred to court in dependency and
neglect cases disposed o f by 5 6 courts in 1 98 6 1
Dependency and neglect
cases
Place where child was living when referred to court
Number
Percent
distribu
tion
18,700
Total cases.
Place reported—
In own home.
With both own parents____
With mother and stepfather.
With father and stepmother.
With mother only________
With father only_________
In other family home.
In institution______
In other place______
17,239
100
12,524
73
4,666
475
302
4,752
2,439
26
3
28
14
3,454
777
484
5
. 3
2
20
1,461
Place not reported.
* Of the 164 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, information on place where child was living
when referred to-court was available only for the 64 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for
2 additional courts.
T able 22.— M arital status o f parents o f children referred to court in dependency and
neglect cases disposed o f by 5 6 courts in 1 98 6 1
Dependency and neg
lect cases
Marital status of parents
Number
Percent
distribu
tion
18,700
Parents married and living together.................................................. -..........
One or both parents dead___________________________________________
Mother deserting father_________________________________________
Parents not married to each other---------------- ------- ------------------- ------ -----
17,108
100
4,760
4,489
28
26
618
1,491
2,380
4
9
14
6,134
36
1,152
977
641
3,364
4
1,679
46
7
6
20
10
(*)
1,592
1 Of the 154 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, information on marital status of parents was
available only for the 64 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
2 Less than 1 percent.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
59
SUM M ARY TABLES, 1 9 3 6
T able 23.— M arital status o f parents, classified according to place where child was
living when referred to court, in dependency and neglect cases disposed o f by 6 6
courts in 1 98 6 1
Dependency and neglect cases
Place where child was living when referred to court
In own home
Marital status of parents
Total
With
both
Total own
par
ents
Total cases_______ 18,700 12,524
Parents married and liv
ing together_________
Both parents dead_____
Father dead___________
Mother dead__________
Parents divorced_______
Father deserting mother..
Mother deserting father...
Parents separated foroth
er reasons___________
Parents not married to
each other___________
Other status___ _______
Status not reported____
4,556
4,760 4,476 4,476
618
1,491 1,161
2,380 1,312
888
1,152
844
977
534
641
3,364
2,375
1,679
46
1,592
875
With
moth
er and
step
father
475
302 4,752
202
959
"¿19
80
In
With
other
father With With fam
and moth father ily
home
er
step
moth only only
er
48
214
75
In
In Not
insti other
tu place port
tion
ed
2,439 3,454
777
484
52
43
52
133
38
34
100
1,098
138
9
467
132
530
231
837
207
83
92
11
39
45
91
19
16
3
1,679
691
702
182
99
711
29
557
32
51
210
37
7
28
456
835
67
59
7
15
1,461
1,439
1 Of the 154 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, data for correlating marital status of parents
and place where child was living when referred to court were available only for the 54 courts that reported
on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
T able 24.— Source o f reference to court o f fam ilies represented in dependency and
neglect cases disposed o f by 6 5 courts in 198 6 1
Families represented in
dependency and neg
lect cases
Source of reference to court
Percent
distri
bution
Number
9,715
Source reported.................... ............................................... ................................
9,713
100
3,737
3|522
805
750
548
264
87
38
36
8
8
6
3
1
2
1 Of the 154 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, information on number of families represented
was available only for the 54 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 1 additional court.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
60
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able 25.— Reason fo r reference to court and number o f fam ilies represented in
dependency and neglect cases disposed o f by 5 6 courts in 19S6 1
Dependency and neglect cases
Families represented
Reason for reference to court
Total
cases
Number
Total............................................................
Without adequate care or support from parent or guardian..
Abandonment or desertion_____ ____
Abuse or cruel treatment..................
Living under conditions injurious to morals..
Physically handicapped arid in need of public care__
Other reasons................................
Percent
distribu
tion
18,700
9,716
100
14,460
423
716
2,278
819
4
7,182
260
424
1,131
724
4
74
3
4
12
(»)
7
1 0 1 the 154 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, information on number of families represented
was available only for the M courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts
1 Less than 1 percent
T able 26.— Place o f care o f child pending hearing or disposition in dependency
and neglect cases disposed o f by 5 6 courts in 1 98 6 1
Dependency and neg
lect cases
Place of detention care
Number
Total cases................ .......................
18,700
Report on detention care............. ...........................
18,200
No detention care....... ............................
Detention care overnight or longer..............
4^798
Boarding home or other family home........ .......
Detention home *____________ ..
Other institution........ ........... ...........
Jail or police station....................... .........
Other place of care............... ...........
No report on detention care...............................
Percent
distribu
tion
26
677
1,760
2,330
33
108
600
1 9 { ^ e 154 courts reporting dependency and neglect cases, information on place of detention care was
available only for the 64 courts that reported on an individual-card basis and for 2 additional courts.
1 Includes cases of children cared for part of the time in detention homes and part of the time elsewhere,
but excludes cases of children also held In jails or police stations.
4 Less than 1 percent.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
61
SUM M ARY TABLES, 1 9 3 6
T ab le 27.— Disposition and manner o f handling dependency and neglect cases
disposed o f by 1 54 courts in 1 93 6 1
Dependency and neglect cases
Unofficial
Official
Total
Disposition of case
Percent
Percent
Percent
Number distribu- Number distribu- Number distribution
tion
tion
Total cases--------------------------
23,599
100
19,491
100
4,108
Child kept undersupervisionofcourt.
7,167
30
6,938
36
229
6
Probation officer supervising..--------Agency orindividual supervising-----Under temporary care of an insti
tution_________________________
3,989
2,109
17
9
3,812
2,087
20
11
177
4
22
1
1,069
5
1,039
5
30
1
Child not kept under supervision of court.
14,800
63
11,362
58
3,438
84
Case dismissed or adjusted--------Committed to—
State institution___________
Other institution---------------Public department-------------Other agency______________
Individual_____________ ;----Referred without commitment to:
Institution____________ ____
Agency or individual----------Referred to other court.................
Other disposition of case— .........
6,203
26
3,346
17
2,857
70
294
2
10
8
1,042
816
158
952
4
3
4
1,003
357
91
936
Case held open without further action.
1,632
7
1,191
7
2
1
1 868
1, 667
100
7
3
1,350
541
5
39
459
67
16
6
441
5
2
(*)
1
11
2
(•)
11
official cases,
aLess than 1 percent.
S P E C IA L -P R O C E E D IN G S CASES, 1936
T able 28.— T yp e o f special-proceedings cases disposed o f by 6 8 courts in 1936
Type of case
Number
Percent
distribu
tion
1,317
318
486
94
176
93
5
145
100
24
37
7
13
7
(»)
11
i Reported by the following courts only: New York City; Westchester County, N. Y.; Philadelphia, Pa.;
•j i t , ;
a î
T T foh
s xn au tut 37 of the cases, court action was brought for the purpose of committing the child to an insti
tution for the feeble-minded.
* inducted! cases of action in juvenile court to terminate parental rights or to declare child eligible for
adoption, prior to adoption proceedings in another court.
78616°—39----- 5
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
62
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
CASES OF CHILDREN DISCHARGED FROM SUPERVISION, 1936
T able 29.— Reason fo r discharge in cases o f delinquent and o f dependent and neg
lected children discharged fro m supervision by 2 2 8 courts in 198 6 1
Cases of children discharged from
supervision
Reason for discharge
Dependent and
neglected
Delinquent
Number
Percent
distri Number
bution
Percent
distri
bution
Total cases__________ ____________________________
16,715
Reason reported_______________________________________
16,613
100
4,069
100
9,423
618
1,960
57
4
12
2,259
40
93
56
367
2,060
299
91
2
12
2
10
1
133
406
630
7
1,118
677
7
4
394
107
10
Conduct of child satisfactory or conditions improved____
Expiration of period specified by court............ ....................
Order of court fulfilled........... ..... .................. ..................—
Conduct of child or conditions unsatisfactory but further
supervision not advised____________________________
Child committed or referred to an institution...... ...............
Child committed or referred to an agency or individual___
Referred to another court....................................................
Whereabouts of child unknown or child moved from juris
diction of court_______________________ ____________
Other reason____________ __________________________
Reason not reported
4,069
1
2
3
15
3
102
i Of the 223 courts reporting supervision cases, 222 reported delinquency cases, and 47 reported dependency
and neglect cases.
5 Less than 1 percent.
T able 30.— Length o f time child was under supervision in cases o f delinquent and
o f dependent and neglected children discharged from supervision by 2 2 3 courts in.
1 98 6 1
Cases of children discharged from
supervision
Duration of supervision
Dependent and
neglected
Delinquent
Number
Percent
distri
bution
16,715
months, less than 1 year....................................................
year, less than 18 months___ ___________ ________ ___
18 months, less than 2 years--------- ----------------------------- 2 years, less than 3 years- ........ ............... ...........................
6
1
Number
Percent
distri
bution
, 4,069
16,619
100
4,069
100
4,804
5,121
3,438
1,278
1,139
839
29
31
1,270
894
549
336
392
628
31
21
8
7
5
22
13
8
10
15
96
1 Of the 223 courts reporting supervision cases, 222 reported delinquency cases and 47 reported dependency
and neglect cases.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T ab le I a .— Number o f boys’ and girls’ delinquency, dependency and neglect, and
special-proceedings cases disposed of, and number o f cases o f children discharged
from supervision by courts in 7 States, by 80 courts that served specified areas with
100,000 or more population, and by 818 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1985 1
and Special-proceed
Delinquency cases Dependency
neglect oases
ings cases
Area served by court
Cases of children
discharged from
supervision
Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls
Total cases *________
State totals: 3
Connecticut.... ............
Indiana.........................
M assachusetts..............
Michigan......................
New York_______ ____
Rhode Island..... ..........
U tah............................
A
71,476 60,480 10,995 24,019 12,298 11,721
4 ,0 8 8 3 ,637
4 ,0 2 8 2 ,8 4 2
6 ,0 9 5 6 ,6 5 2
5 ,1 6 5 4 ,4 4 8
10,826 9 ,3 6 9
407
387
2 ,0 8 2 1 ,7 6 2
100,000 o r m o r e
POPULATION, ___ ________ 59,776 50,714
451 1,311
697
614
1,1 8 6
175
387
212
443
717
704
374
330
1 ,4 5 6 8 ,7 4 6 4 ,5 0 8 4 ,2 3 8
20
232
320
132
100
1 ,2 0 2
481
2
2
3
2
721 3 20,625 16,316 4 ,3 0 9
1
1,340
’ 878
462
3| 441
750
624
103
485
179
306
2, rail
4 ,191
10
5
5
727
1 ,0 9 2
452
640
b b a s w it h
9 ,0 6 2 20,090 10,239
9 ,851
1 7 ,275 13,602 3 ,6 7 3
Alabama: Mobile County
(Mobile)........................
1
1
193
152
55
41
28
27
39
35
California:
Los Angeles County
(Los Angeles)....... .
2 ,5 1 7 1,954
563 1 ,006
579
427
3 ,3 6 6 2,571
795
San Diego County (San
Diego)...................... . 1,694 1,379
315
471
223
84
248
47
37
212
138
74
San Francisco (city and
county)______ _____
810
641
169
362
728
366
9
8
1
588
457
131
Colorado: Denver (city
and county)__________ 1,170
650
520
15
15
Connecticut:
Fairfield C ou n ty
(Bridgeport)............... 1 ,065
921
144
356
191
165
205
327
Hartford (city)_______
699
627
72
2
2
178
88
90
162 145
17
New Haven (city)........
276
253
23
160
88
72
124
124
District of Columbia
(W ashington)... ....... .
1 ,836 1 ,658
178
256
160
96
770
618
152
Florida: Dade County
(MiamiL.....................
614
441
73
198
98
100
337
242
95
Georgia: Fulton County
(Atlanta).
__
1 ,5 4 7 1,301
246
497
240
257
8
2
6
Indiana:4
Allen County (Fort
Wayne).... .................
152
66
86
70
17»
Lake County (Gary)__
380
286
94
205
92
113
2
1
1
126
86 40
Marion County (Indianapolis).... ............... 1,118
861
257
182
83
99
1
1
143
111 32
St. Joseph County
(South Bend).............
342
230
112
86
53
33
Vanderburgh County
(Evansville)..... .........
235
174
61
52
33
19
Iowa: Polk County (Des
Moines)_____________
391
307
84
350
194
156
2
3
1
231
157
74
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish (Shreveport).........................
357
293
64
111
50
61
39
20
19
Orleans Parish (New
Orleans).....................
849
756
93
284
164
120
196
177
19
Maryland: Baltimore
(city)............................. 2 ,7 9 8 2 ,5 4 5
253
164
88
76
230
177
53
1Population according to the 1030 census.
JAll figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
* Includes 17,030 delinquency cases, 3,683 dependency and neglect cases, and 12 other cases.
4 Massachusetts, Indiana (except 2 courts reporting individually), Michigan (except 3 courts reporting
individually), and Rhode Island reported only delinquency cases.
65
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
66
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T a b le I a .— Number o f boys’ and girls’ delinquency, dependency and neglect, and
special-proceedings cases disposed of, and number o f cases o f children discharged
from supervision by courts in 7 States, by 8 0 courts that served specified areas with
100,000 or more population, and by 818 courts that served areas with less than 100,OOO population in 1986 — Continued
Area served by court
and Special-proceed Cases of children
Delinquency cases Dependency
discharged from
neglect cases
ings cases
supervision
Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls
A
r e a s w i t h 100,000 o r m o r e
p o p u l a t io n
—Contd.
Massachusetts: *
Boston:
Boston (central section).......................
622 54;
Brighton....................
52
4(
Charlestown..............
107 100
Dorchester............ .
194 175
East Boston...............
327 305
Roxbury...___ _____
327 30(
South Boston.............
235 220
West Roxbury..........
100
9£
Second district of Bristol (Fall River)........
213 203
Third district of Bristol
(New Bedford)______
231 213
Lawrence district (Lawrence)........................
94
85
Southern Essex district
(Lynn)____________
164 152
Springfield district
(Springfield)..............
269 251
First district of Eastern
Middlesex (Medford).
258 243
Third district of Eastern
Middlesex
(Cambridge).......................
369 341
Lowell district (Lowell).
135 125
Somerville district (Somville)..................... .
96
91
East Norfolk district
(Quincy)....................
165 156
Central district of Worcester (Worcester)___
325 295
Michigan: 4
Genesee County (Flint)
373 277
Ingham County (Lansing)...........................
61
53
Kent County (Grand
Rapids)....................
444 385
Oakland County (Pontiac)...........................
162 139
Saginaw County (Saginaw)____________
132 114
Wayne County (Detroit)____________
2,289 2,109
Minnesota:
Hennepin County(Minneapolis)__________ 1,128 933
Ramsey County (St.
Paul)..... ....................
455 384
New Jersey:
Hudson County (Jersey
City)..........................
649 531
Mercer County (Trenton)____________
440 385
New York:
Albany County (Albany)...... ..................
372 295
Broome County (Binghamton)................
164 141
Chautauqua County
(Jamestown)... .......
218 192
Erie County (Buffalo).. 1,008 923
Monroe County (Rochester.......................
236 205
New York (city)... .
6,070 6,276
Niagara County (Niagara Falls)................
131 114
Oneida County (Utica).1 252J 226
It
22
21
15
10
18
-------- —
12
18
15
28
10
6
9
30
96
159
148
8
34
30
189
170
18
14
90
77
13
1,218 1,025
193
59
126
72
54
23
18
11
-
19
180
503
261
242
195
335
159
176
925
691
234
71
176
81
95
432
339
93
118
198
198
55
131
121
77
320
171
149
12
23
287
146
141
4
26
85
52
147
29
71
23
76
31
31 158
71
87
794 3,978 2,070 1,908
7
10
5
4
5
5
7
24
1
267 114
1
153
2Q8
110
2 ,5 7 5
09
2,003
572
7
41
51
7
48
101
84
6
1
4
sol
731
7
^ ia n a (except 2 courts reporting individually), Michigan (except 3 courts reporting
individually), and Rhode Island reported only delinquency cases.
y
s
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
17
26
92
185l
67
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T ab le I a .— Number of boys’ and girls’ delinquency, dependency and neglect, and
special-proceedings cases disposed of, and numbet o f cases o f children discharged
from supervision by courts in 7 States, by 80 courts that served specified areas with
100,000 or more population, and by 818 courts that served areas with less than 100,OOO population in 1985 — Continued
Cases of children
discharged from
supervision
and Special-proceed
Delinquency cases Delinquency
ings cases
neglect cases
Area served by court
Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boy8 Girls
Ab e a s
w it h
100,000 o r
p o p u l a t io n
m ore
—Contd.
New York—Continued.
Orange County (NewRensselaer
51
45
6
137
73
64
3
177
129
48
88
42
46
1
151
142
9
114
60
63
278
54
236
9
42
17
103
6
51
358
297
61
383
3
10
8
2
43
39
4
54
43
41
2
11
52
5
5
41
126
40
102
1
24
190
193
65
35
30
282
242
40
2
72
32
2
40
167
75
144
37
23
38
52
39
13
1
1
254
207
47
8
21
20
1
848
588
260
County
Schenectady
1
County
Suffolk County (PatWestchester* County
Ohio:
Franklin County (Co1,051
1,620
331
464
233
231
2,360
815
1,755
585
605
230
305
1 ,302
131
669
174
633
1 ,206
1,064
142
84
29
55
558
426
132
332
159
173
069
832
137
672
319
353
2
796
690
106
649
327
322
12
4
74
67
7
7
3
4
2
2
53
47
6
91
53
38
5 ,7 3 5
5,118
617
2 ,194
1,1 0 6
1,088
356
115
241
100
190
5
Hamilton County (CinLucas County (Toledo).
Mahoning County
Montgomery
County
Oregon: Multnomah
County (Portland).......
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County(PittsBerks” County (ReadMontgomery
County
Philadelphia (city and
Rhode Island: Sixth disSouth Carolina: Greenville County (Green-
198
162
36
86
40
46
13
8
96 '
728
827
620
137
108
130
99
78
36
58
63
8
2
4
165
121
44
183
80
97
15
10
563
472
91
191
96
95
13
12
3,563
3 ,0 8 6
477
893
451
442
40
14
11,699
9 ,7 6 6
1,933
3 ,929
2 ,059
1,870
110
5,710
5,983
4 ,768
4 ,998
948
985
1, 591
2 ,338
872
1,187
719
1,151
63
47
91
69
22
245
176
22C
162
25
14
26
1,030
750
280
29
81
3 ,3 5 0
2,714
636
18
11
45
36
1 ,757
1,593
1,406
1,308
351
285
Utah: Third district (Salt
Virginia: Norfolk (city)...
Washington:
Pierce County(Tacoma).
Spokane County (SpoWisconsin: M ilwaukee
County (Milwaukee)...
A
reas
w it h
less
than
less than 100,000___
Less than 50,000...... ...............
50,000,
4Massachusetts, Indiana (except 2 courts reporting individually), Michigan (except 3 courts reporting
individually), and Rhode Island reported only delinquency cases.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
68
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T ab le I b .— Number o f delinquency, dependency and neglect, and special-proceedings
cases disposed of, and number o f cases o f children discharged from supervision by
S I8 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1935 1
Area served by court
Total.................................
Connecticut:
Ansonia (city)............ .
Avon (town)...............
Barkhamstead (town)........
Berlin (town)____________
Bloomfield (town)............ .......
Bozrah (town)..... ............
Branford (town)............................
Bristol (city)....................................
Canaan (town) 8...............................
Canton (town)..............................
Clinton (town)___________
Colchester (town)......... ..........
Columbia (town) *_______
Derby (city)........................................
East Hampton (town).........
East Hartford (town)___________
East Haven (town)__________
East Lyme (town).............
East Windsor (town)»____ ____
Ellington (town) *.....................
Enfield (town!___ _____
Glastonbury (town)......................
Goshen (town)..........................
Griswold (town)...............................
Groton (town)............................
Guilford (town)8.....................
Hamden (town)...............
Hebron (town)........................
Killingly (town)..................... .........
Ledyard (town)..........................
Litchfield (town)____ ______
Lyme (town)___________
Madison (town)................. .......
Manchester (town)..................... ......
Meriden (city)...........................................
Middletown (city).............................
Milford (town).__________________
Montvilie (town).......................
Naugatuck (borough)..........................
New Britain (city)____ ______
New Hartford (town)________
Newington (town)...........................
New London (city).......
Norfolk (town)___
North Canaan (town)8..........
North Stonington (town).......
Norwich (city).......... ............
Old Lyme (town)......
Old Saybrook (town).............
Orange (town)..................... ...............
Oxford (town)____
Plainviile (town).... ............... ..
Plymouth (town)........................
Portland (town)..........
Rockville (city)......................... ...........
Rocky Hill (town)_____ _______
Salem (town)____ _________ _____
Salisbury (town)__ ___ ______ _______
Saybrook (town) 8..______ _______
Seymour (town)_____
Sharon (town)...........
Simsbury (town)................. ..............
Southington (town)________________
South Windsor (town) __ ________
Stafford Springs (borough)_________________________
Stonington (town)__________________________
Suffield (town)____________ _______________
Thomaston (town).......... ................... ..........
Torrington (city)..........................................................
Unionville (borough)________ ___ »___________
Wallingford (borough).....................................................
1 Population according to the 1930 census.
8 Cases are for the area specified although
Cases of
children
Delin Depend Specialdis
ency
and
quency neglect proceed charged
cases
cases ings cases from
super
vision
11,699
3,929
15
9
1
1
6
2
1
9
3
96
1
1
52
169
12
1
i
2
no
2
1
1
2
1
2
73
35
8
3
14
375
180
2
117
i
12
i
10
5
1
1
1
1
1
15
1
2
1
1
4
5
11
22
10
4
1
3
19
110
3,350
10
•
89
13
1
11
1
4
8
1
1
8
1
1
23
12
20
9
1
7
40
2
6
13
3
1
5
30
1
1
1
1
13
5
50
46
111
78
1
4
11
2
2
2
10
3
6
6
6
23
15
2
1
21
2
36
3
28
the probate court serving this area area and dealing with
dependency and neglect cases has jurisdiction over a wider territory.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
69
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T ab le I b .— Number o f delinquency, dependency and neglect, and special-proceedings
cases disposed of, and number o f cases o f children discharged from supervision by
818 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1985 — Contd.
Area served by court
Delin
quency
cases
Connecticut—Continued.
320
3
221
24
6
20
66
2
1
7
Indiana:
Michigan:
21
18
7
6
11
17
8
32
136
16
100
18
23
61
27
16
13
26
79
1
36
31
13
102
16
103
11
54
11
60
12
9
14
14
14
72
2
3
99
29
76
189
37
4
126
33
21
73
1,812
Cases of
Depend Special- children
dis
ency and proceed charged
neglect ings cases from
cases
super
vision
2
1
34
13
2
6
14
1
16
63
8
6
2
68
147
4
11
7
6
7
67
37
18
3
8
3
6
8
62
19
4
38
6
26
8
4
43
3
6
28
3
20
13
13
4
1
1
1
3
1
63
2
26
41
6
50
148
6
63
6
12
8
12
22
11
5
1
31
2
8
8
Baracra County....... ................................... ...................... >Cases arefor the area specified although the probate court serving this area and dealing with dependency
and neglect cases has jurisdiction over a wider territory.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
70
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T ab le I b .— Number o f delinquency, dependency and neglect, and special-proceedings
cases disposed of, and number o f cases o f children discharged from supervision by
S18 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1985 — Contd.
Area served by court
Michigan— Continued.
Bay County___________________
Benzie County.......... ............... .
Berrien County______ _____ ____
Branch County________________
Calhoun County________ _______
Cass County____________ . _____
Charlevoix County__ ___________
Cheboygan County............. ..H I”
Chippewa County........................
Clare County...............................
Clinton County________________
Crawford County_______
I
Delta County_________________ !
Dickinson County______________
Eaton County_______________
Emmet County_____________ __
Gogebic County__________ H I” ”
Grand Traverse County_________
Gratiot County___________ ____
Hillsdale County_______________
Houghton County________ IIIIIII
Huron County_________________
Ionia County______________
Iosco County__________________
Iron County................................
Isabella County______________ ...
Jackson County___________ I .. I ” !
Kalamazoo County______________
Kalkaska County______ ________
Keweenaw County___________ ..."
Lake County........ ..................... .
Lapeer County_______________ ...
Leelanau County_______________
Lenawee County__________
...
Livingston County___ ___II..IIIIII
Luce County.............„...................
Mackinac County_______________
Macomb County_______________
Manistee County________
””
Marquette County...................... 1.1
Mecosta County________________
Menominee County............... „11.111
Midland County______________1.1
Missaukee County............... .I.III.I
Monroe County___________
I
Montcalm County___________... ..
Montmorency County................. 1.1
Muskegon County..___ _________I
Newaygo County..... ................
Oceana County_________________
Ogemaw County__________ III” ”
Ontonagon County_______I__III”
Osceola County____________ IIIIII
Oscoda County______________ I..I
Otsego County_________ IIIIIIII
Ottawa County..;__________
Presque Isle County.” ” ” ” ” ” ” ”
Roscommon County___________
St. Clair County_________ . .. I ___
St. Joseph County_______________
Sanilac County________ I.IIIIIIIII
Schoolcroft County..__________ 1.1
Shiawassee County______ IIIIIIII”
Van Buren County....... II.1.1.Ill
Washtenaw County...... ...II.IIIIIII
Wexford County_________ 11
New York:
Allegany County............. ...............
Cayuga County................................
Chemung County_______________
Chenango County____ ___ ______
Clinton County........................I ll” '
Columbia County_____________1.1.
Cortland County________________'
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Cases of
children
Depend
Delin ency
Specialdis
and
quency neglect proceed charged
cases
ings cases from
cases
super
vision
59
2
33
21
28
10
15
8
28
2
12
9
50
19
4
9
34
44
21
24
28
20
10
11
19
11
101
18
1
1
11
2
3
24
10
11
1
42
10
25
36
49
64
3
23
40
3
248
14
10
5
11
10
1
9
33
9
2
94
10
20
5
62
29
30
21
23
48
154
20
14
57
19
48
1
13
2
22
7
19
23
6
8
18
6
4
9
36
3
1
•
8
7
10
3
5
82
9
1
2
12
2
13
1
12
4
12
6
9
2
36
3
7
13
75
1
8
3
84
3
5
1
5
18
117
90
47
63
25
144
51 1
1
2
4
2
2
1
17
20
39
2
29
5
71
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T ab le I b .— Number o f delinquency, dependency and neglect, and special-proceedings
cases disposed of, and number o f cases o f children discharged from supervision by
SI 8 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 19S5— Contd.
Area served by court
New York—Continued.
Cases of
Depend Special- children
dis
Delin ency
and proceed charged
quency neglect'
from
ings
cases
cases
cases
super
vision
14
25
32
18
25
3
122
104
12
23
43
8
01
23
21
20
0
10
17
34
31
30
43
43
130
13
5
Rhode Island:
112
57
145
55
27
71
100
65
77
11
66
12
244
39
45
128
46
120
1
1
7
1
1
4
3
7
37
1
2
88
6
7
22
1
2
4
2
2
6
52
9
35
2
1
2
12
12
1
22
i
9
11
11
15
4
227
63
7
29
75
19
143
431
305
69
81
37
65
1
1
2
11
12
Ohio:
89
176
115
26
32
9
182
2
28
3
17
8
2
49
8
10
15
6
61
9
32
Utah:
156
404
215
124
128
69
22
489
102
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
2
75
8
1
1
6
5
31
56
6
23
115
109
73
58
75
29
19
121
72
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
DELINQUENCY CASES, 1935
T ab le I I a .— Age under which juvenile court has original jurisdiction and age
when referred to court o f boys dealt with in delinquency cases disposed o f by the
courts in 7 States, 80 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more popu
lation, and 277 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in
1985 1
Boys’ delinquency cases
Age
under
which
Age of boy when referred to court
juvenile
court
has
12
10
14
original Total Un
18
years, years, 16
juris
17 years Age
der 10 years,
under under years years and not re
diction
years under
12
14
16
over ported
Area served by court
Total cases1
__
60,480 3,255 7,630 14,317 24,056 6,779 3,581
State totals: 9
Connecticut.___ ___________
Indiana___ ____________ ____
Massachusetts_______________
Michigan...................................
New York...................... ..........
Rhode Island............................
Utah...........................................
A reas
w ith 100.000 or m ore
poptf-
LATION......................................
16
16
17
17
16
» 16
18
3,637
2,842
5 ,662
4,448
9,369
387
1,762
374
209
222
105
533
t
71
389
inn
651 1 093 1 374
433
’ 789
604 1 ,201 2,247 1,378
466 1,066 1,864 '809
1,285 2,519 4,876
111
42 104 173
149 253 530 406
473
31
1
131
4
8
1
3
36
339
10
4
50,714 2,615 6,345 11,969 20,372 6,601 3,229 372
211
Alabama: Mobile County.. .
16
152
24
17
50
3
48
10
California:
Los Angeles.................. ...........
21 1,954
19
78 208 558 407 480 155
49
San Diego County...___ _____
21 1,379
37
56 127 330 336 437
2
54
San Francisco (city and county).
21
641
16
38 107 211
137 111
21
Colorado: Denver (city and
county)..... ................................
18 650
30
73 158 270
79
32
Connecticut:
Fairfield County......................
16 921
99 164 281 319
25
8
25
Hartford (city)______________
16 627
68
5
138 194 222
New Haven (city)____ _______
16 253
9
24
68
152
District of Columbia___________
17 1,658
81 222
390 689 263
13
Florida: Dade County_____ ____
U
17 441
35
61 102
66
160
Georgia: Fulton County........ . ..
16 1,301
91 219 442 504
h
32
2
Indiana:
Allen County.............. ...........
16
66
6
9
4
16
31
Lake County_______ _____
16 286
25
52
86
123
Marion County......................
16 861
g
49 122
246 436
St. Joseph County................
16 230
3
1
28
61
61
86
Vanderburgh County........ ......
16 174
6
1
13
25
45
83
Iowa: Polk County__
18 307
30
44
62 103
33
4
2
29
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish............. ...............
17 293
8
1
1
1
25
67 119
71
Orleans Parish____________
17 756
27
87 191
Maryland: Baltimore (city)_____
16 2,545 182 504 782 913 114
4
46
Massachusetts:
Boston:
Boston (central section)..........
17 547
20
55 122
236 114
Brighton............. ........ ..........
17
49
2
9
6
12
20
Charlestown....... ................
17 100
7
16
24
19
34
Dorchester..............................
17 175
14
15
23
72
51
East Boston................. .
17 305
41
57
92
80
Roxbury__________________
17 306
4
28
58 141
75
South Boston_____ _____
17 220
12
29
47
82
50
West Roxbury_____________
17
95
11
5
17
22
40
Second district of Bristol______
17 203
1
28
45
84
45
Third district of Bristol...
17 213
5
17
47 103
41
Lawrence district______ _____
17
85
13
20
31
21
Southern Essex district......
17 152
5
17
36
58
36
Springfield district_________
17 251
7
28
49 108
59
First district of eastern Middlesex...........................................
17' 243
10
9
70
93
61
’ Population according to 1930 census.
1 All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population
* Courts havejurisdiction overjuvenile delinquents under 16years ofageand over wayward children und er
is years of age.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
73
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T ab le I I a .— Age under which juvenile court has original jurisdiction and age
when referred to court of hoys dealt with in delinquency cases disposed o f by the
courts in 7 States, 80 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more popu
lation, and 277 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in
1985 — Continued
Area served by court
A r e a s with ioo.ooo or
Boys' delinquency cases
Age
under
which
Age of boy when referred to court
luvenile
court
has
12
14
18
10
original Total Un
Age
years, years, 16
17 years not
juris
der 10 years,
re
under
under
under
years
years
and
diction
years 12
ported
14
16
over
m ore popu -
lation—Continued.
M assachusetts—Continued.
Third district ofeastern Middle-
Michigan:
Minnesota:
Hennepin County......................
New Jersey:
New York:
New York (city)..... ..................
Ohio:
Franklin County........-....... —
Oregon:"Multnomah County____
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County............... —
South Carolina: Greenville
Utah: Third district....................
Washington:
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County...
A reas w ith less than 100,000 popTJLATION...........................................
Lési than 50,000.......... ..................
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
136
55
36
64
21
74
24
24
33
55
6
18
50
18
47
18
219
95
39
18
521
135
38
150
76
29
921
933
384
35
3
99
24
172
72
304
531
385
26
29
73
60
144
142
16 295
16 141
16 192
16 923
16 205
16 5,276
16 114
16 226
45
16
16 129
16 142
54
16
16 236
16 297
19
341
125
91
156
295
17
10
17 277
53
17
17 385
17 139
17 114
17 2,109
18
18
16
16
17
17
17
17
17
IS 1,620
IS 1,755
18 585
18 1,064
18 426
18 832
16
16
16
» 16
690
67
47
5,118
' 190
16
18
18
]6 S
827
620
IS
121
If
18 472
18 3,086
9,766
4,768
i 998
2
1
4
31
19
11
18
2
8
6
36
35
8
247
12
5
3
3
12
2
18
19
12
195
226
59
20
100
25
93
322
386
115
191
98
168
43
87
188
S
357
68
1
1
72
24
25
406
20
4
120
157
75
161
87
4
3
282
151
3
32
52 192
34
50
50
29
48
66
126 240 500
24
67 116
661 1,388 2,921
27
39
36
64 122
31
9
5
27
17
60
31
28
43
56
34
9
9
38
68
109
39
92 127
105
90
61
13
63
122
83
25
19
37
87
1
2
1
18
4
52
3
13
1
1
3
18
269
249
103
297
8
22
29
14
3
29
848 1,436 2,436
84
29
58
3
1
1
3
19
82
129
192
246
79
156
45
89
3
3
6
42
19
8
6
211
35
18
6
63
224
208
190
170
100
100
8
2
9
53
357
2C
82
549
5(
140
871
98
541
If
2C
89
546
51
640 1,285 2,348 3,684 1,178
264 581 1,124 1,903
590
588
376 704 1,224 1,781
352
193
159
10
1
1
119
132
171
3
4
18
533
539
167
386
160
281
M
1
6
27
78
53
38
25
34
1
17
14
262
99
163
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
7 4
T a b le I I b. — A g e u n d er w hich ju v e n ile court has origin a l ju r is d ic tio n and age w hen
referred to court o f girls dealt w ith i n d elin q u en cy ca ses d isp o sed o f b y the cou rts i n
7 S ta tes, 7 9 courts that served sp ecified areas w ith 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 o r m ore p o p u la tio n , and
2 2 6 cou rts that served areas w ith less than 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 p o p u la tio n i n 1 9 8 5 1
Area served by court
Girls’ delinquency cases
Age
under
which
juve
Age of girl when referred to court
nile
court
has
10
12
14
Un years,
18 Age
origi
years, years, 16
17 years not
nal
Total der
under
under
under
re
10
years
years
and
juris
14
16
years 12
over port
diction
ed
Total cases1. ____ _________
State totals:1
Connecticut...... .....................
Indiana.............. ........... .......
Massachusetts..........................
Michigan.... .......................... .
New York................ ...............
Rhode Island.......... ................
Utah.........................................
A reas w ith 100,000 or more popu LATION............................................
16
18
17
17
16
1 16
18
10,995
362
597 1,848 5,221 1,731 1,019
451
1,186
443
717
1,456
20
320
43
28
13
12
62
51
63
14
30
92
6
3
9
9,062
273
475
2
96
177
576
202
59
213
144
114
289
228
356
953
33
88
67
1,551 4,327 1,436
867
21
126
100
30
138
170
49
10
117
1
1
111
22
Alabama: Mobile County...........
16
41
3
7
3
10
18
California:
7
Los Angeles County_________
21
563
3
62 204 131 120
9
27
San Diego County__________
21
71
315
13
12
99
34
67
San Francisco (cityandcounty).
21
1
169
2
64
18
32
29
23
Colorado: Denver (city and
county).................................
18
520
30
40
98 207
94
45
4
2
Connecticut:
1
Fairfield County......................
16
2
144
20
34
16
70
1
Hartford (city).........................
16
72
5
5
19
43
New Haven (city)___________
1
16
23
2
20
1
District of Columbia...................
178
4
17
14
42
82
35
Florida: Dade County............. .
5
2
2
73
17
10
15
22
17
Georgia: Fulton County............
16
246
5
8
2
62 152
17
Indiana:
Allen County..........................
2
5
6
18
86
42
12
19
11
5
Lake County........................... ' 18
4
6
94
15
53
4
31
1
Marion County............ ..........
6
38
18
257
124
53
St. Joseph County....................
18
3
112
12
49
30
18
Vanderburgh County...............
1
7
5
18
5
61
32
10
1
Iowa: Polk County....... ............ .
9
7
18
6
12
84
23
27
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish_______________
17
64
2
6
1
8
30
15
2
Orleans Parish____ ______ ...
7
3
2
17
93
28
38
15
Maryland: Baltimore (city)........
16
253
7
9
14
65 130
28
Massachusetts:
Boston:
Boston (central section)........
17
1
75
3
17
36
18
Brighton................................
1
17
3
2
Charlestown________ ______
1
3
3
17
7
Dorchester...........................
1
17
19
13
East Boston.................... ......
4
6
6
6
17
22
Roxbury........................ .......
1
5
17
21
15
South Boston_____________
3
4
17
15
8
West Roxbury..................... .
3
17
5
2
Second district of Bristol_____
1
17
10
3
6
Third district of Bristol_____
11
5
17
18
2
Lawrence district____ _______
1
4
9
17
4
Southern Essex district_______
1
3
17
12
2
6
Springfield district__________
1
4
3
17
18
10
First district of eastern Middlesex.........................................
5
2
17
15
8
Third district of eastern Middlesex ...................................
3
11
9
17
5
28
Lowell district.........................
17
10 1
1
4
5
1 Population according to the 1930 census.
* All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
* Courts have jurisdiction over juvenile delinquents under 16 years of age, and over wayward children
under 18 years of age.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
75
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T able I I b .— A g e u n der w hich ju v e n ile court has origin a l ju r is d ic tio n a n d age w hen
referred to court o f g irls dealt w ith i n d elin q u en cy cases d isp o sed o f b y the cou rts i n
7 S ta tes, 7 9 cou rts that served specified areas w ith 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 o r m ore p o p u la tio n , a n d
2 2 6 courts that served a reas w ith less than 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 p o p u la tio n i n 1 9 3 6 — Continued
.
Area served by court
Age
under
which
juve
nile
court
has
origi
nal
juris
diction
Girls’ delinquency cases
Age of girl when referred to court
rotai
12
18 Age
10
14
17 years not
Un years, years, years, 16
der under under under years years and re
10
12
14
16
over port
years
ed
A reas w ith 100,000 o r
m o re popu
lation —Continued.
M arsachusetts—Continued.
Somerville district-—1.............
East Norfolk district........... .
Central district of Worcester—
Michigan:
Genesee County......... .............
Ingham County.......................
Kent County_________ _____
Oakland County____________
Saginaw County____________
Wayne County_____________
Minnesota:
Hennepin County....................
Ramsey County____________
New Jersey:
Hudson County____________
Mercer County_____________
New York:
Albany County........................
Broome County------------------Chautauqua County................
Erie County.............................
Monroe County........................
New York (city)......................
Niagara County.......................
Oneida County_____________
Orange County............. - .........
Rensselaer County_________
Schenectady County................
Suffolk County----------- --------Syracuse (city).........................
Westchester County.................
Ohio:
Franklin County____________
Hamilton County___________
Lucas County______________
Mahoning County...................
Montgomery County________
Oregon: Multnomah County.......
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County....................
Berks County______________
Montgomery County...............
Philadelphia (city and county).
Rhode Island: Sixth district____
South Carolina: Greenville
County.....................................
Utah: Third district.......... - .......
Virginia: Norfolk (city)..............
Washington:
Pierce County.........................
Spokane County-----------------Wisconsin: Milwaukee County..
A reas w ith less th an 100,000
POPULATION_____________ _____
60,000, less than 100,000________
Less than 50,000______________
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
17
17
17
6
g
30
17
17
17
17
17
17
1
1
3
1
3
96
8
59
23
18
180
1
1
20
18
18
1
2
16
3
21
16
11
5
48
1
49
22
6
7
1
3
10
3
1
5
25
48
5
30
9
9
100
195
71
2
5
3
19
7
75
20
45
17
16
16
118
55
4
4
2
21
16
85
26
6
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
77
23
26
85
31
794
17
26
6
48
2
2
6
6
5
2
6
8
5
6
11
5
181
5
5
6
3
6
3
1
12
11
61
11
11
65
25
528
11
21
6
20
6
7
22
36
18
18
18
18
18
18
331
605
230
142
132
137
4
7
12
4
5
1
IS
19
16
5
10
7
45
96
37
23
20
18
156
230
86
52
53
51
68
135
36
38
26
36
in
41
20
18
23
16
16
16
16
» 16
106
7
6
617
4
1
1
18
10
7
23
48
144
63
6
2
397
16
18
18
36
137
108
2
7
3
11
12
9
12
15
60
33
18
18
18
44
91
37
1
25
1
9
9
42
61
9
49
1
1
11
4
2
3
5
1
4
1
2
1
3
11
22
1
10
37
3
7
2
1
3
1
4
35
28
27
20
1
1
7
170
22
103
7
10
103
10
1
2
2
3
4
477
13
17
9
15
60
1 ,9 3 3
89
122
297
894
295
152
6
78
52
37
65
57
144
153
468
426
131
164
56
96
5
1
27
51
948
985
17
76
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T ab le I I I a .— C olor, n a tiv ity, a n d p arent n a tiv ity o f b o y s dealt w ith i n d elin q u en cy
cases d isp o se d o f b y the cou rts i n 1 S ta te, 4 8 cou rts that served sp ecified a reas w ith
1 0 0 ,0 0 0
o r m ore p o p u la tio n , a n d 2 0 courts that served a reas w ith less than 1 0 0 OOO
p o p u la tio n i n 1 9 8 5 1
Boys* delinquency cases
White boys
Area served by court
Total
Total cases *.
State total: Utah *__________________
w i t h 100,000 o r m o r e p o p u l a
t i o n ______________________
Native Native
Col
Native foreign parent
Nativ ored
For ity
native
or
age
not
boys
Total
eign
parent mixed
not
re
bom ported
age parent
re
age ported
46,814
35,283
19,994
12,524
1,440
643
682
11,531
1
,762
1,762
1,752
1,465
263
8
14
2
10
A reas
44,058 32,995 18,040 12,227 1,427 631
670 11,063
Alabama: Mobile County...............
152
64
64
88
California:
Los Angeles County____________
1,954
1,858
807
285
329
37
400
96
San Diego County_____________
1,379 1,337
970
311
2
54
42
San Francisco (city and county)...
641
615
276
246
56
22
15
26
Colorado: Denver (city and county).
650
618
549
65
1
3
32
Connecticut:
Bridgeport (city)...........................
313
296
58
214
14
1
9
17
Hartford (city)________________
627
555
207
332
16
72
District of Columbia_____________
1,658
539
464
43
27
1
4 1,119
Florida: Dade County___________
441
264
239
22
3
'
177
Georgia: Fulton County................. I
1,301
509
501
8
792
Indiana:
Allen County...............................
66
55
49
6
U
Lake County__________________
286
247
108
138
1
39
Marion County___________
861
552
551
1
St. Joseph County___ I__________
230
219
182
35
11
2
Vanderburgh County.......... .......
174
145
145
29
Iowa: Polk County______________
307
275
257
16
1
1
32
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish__________________
293
138
138
Orleans Parish......................
756
290
215
46
4
1
24
466
Maryland: Baltimore (city)............. . 2,545 1,330
695
422
212
1
1,215
Michigan:
Kent County__________________
385
366
163
119
68
6
10
19
Oakland County__________
139
135
127
7
1
4
Wayne County___ ________ "
2,109
1,605
516 1,007
7
74
1
504
Minnesota:
Hennepin County______________
933
907
540
291
69
1
6
26
Ramsey County__________ ” 1111!
384
357
265
90
2
27
New Jersey:
Hudson County___________ ____
531
510
135
346
1
28
21
Mercer County___________
385
293
76
208
1
8
92
New York:
Erie County___________________
923
825
270
523
1
31
98
Monroe County____________ ____
205
195
65
127
10
3
New York (city)............... ...III” ! 5,276 4,116
1,103 2,634
182
11
186
1,160
Rensselaer County______________
129
129
121
8
Syracuse (city)...................
236
233
86
137
3
2
8
Westchester County...........
297
259
72
164
8
12
3
38
Ohio:
Franklin County............................ 1,620 1,118
977
137
4
Hamilton County____________” .I 1,755
1,133
1,132
1
Lucas County______________
585
492
377
114
1
Mahoning County_______ III” ” ” 1,064
902
203
510
48
7
134
162
Montgomery County........ . ” ” ” ”
426
337
326
10
1
Oregon: Multnomah County.......
832
824
585
148
33
14
44
8
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County...................... .
690
531
177
346
2
6
159
Berks County........ ........................
67
67
29
38
Montgomery County___________ I
47
42
19
23
5
Philadelphia (city and county)____ 5,118 3,147
1,496
1,565
18
54
14 1,971
1 Population according to the 1930 census.
* All figures for the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
77
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T ab le I I I a .— C olor, n a tiv ity, and parent n a tiv ity o f b o y s dealt w ith i n d elin q u en cy
cases d isp o sed o f b y the cou rts i n 1 State, J^S courts that served sp ecified areas with
1 0 0 ,0 0 0
o r m ore p o p u la tio n , a n d 2 0 courts that served a reas w ith less than 1 0 0 ,0 0 0
p op u lation " i n 19SB — Continued
Boys’ delinquency cases
White boys
Area served by court
Total
Areas
w it h
100,000
or
100,000 p o p u l a
. ...................................... ..........................
162
827
620
106
825
224
106
642
217
165
6
6
121
472
3,086
119
470
2,822
112
371
1,257
3
97
1,215
1
1
335
15
2,756
2,288
1,954
297
13
1,762
994
1,516
772
1,262
692
227
70
6
7
w it h l e s s t h a n
t io n .
Col
Native, Native,
foreign parent For Nativ ored
boys
ity
not
or
age
eign
mixed
not
re
bora ported
parent
re
age ported
m o re popula
t i o n —Continued.
South Carolina: Greenville County...
Utah: Third district_____ _________
Virginia: Norfolk (city)___________
Washington:
Pierce County__________________
Spokane County....... .......... —........
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County_____
A reas
X
Native,
native
Total parent
age
50,000, less than 100,000____________
Less than 60,000..________________
10
1
2
56
2
396
1
2
1
2
2
264
12
12
468
9
3
12
246
222
T able I I I b .— C olor, n a tiv ity, and parent n a tivity o f girls dealt w ith i n d elin q u en cy
cases d isp o sed o f b y the courts i n 1 State, 4 8 courts that served specified areas with
1 0 0 ,0 0 0 o r m ore p o p u la tio n , and 2 0 courts that served areas w ith less than 1 0 0 ,0 0 0
p o p u la tio n i n 1 9 8 5 1
Girls’ delinquency cases
White girls
Area served by court
Total
8,879
Total cases *.
Native,
Native, foreign Native,
parent For Nativ
native
or
ity
eign
Total parent
age
mixed not
re
re born not
age parent ported
ported
age
6,720
r e a s w it h
100,000
1,656
387
1,587
384
2,159
256
State total: Utah ’.
A
4,440
Col
ored
girls
o r m o re popula
t i o n _____________________________________
8,298
6,251
4,046
122
112
2,047
41
19
19
22
Alabama: Mobile County..... ....... . . .
California:
526
100
563
267
37
Los Angeles County..... ..................
1
315
300
240
15
San Diego County..........................
169
161
57
20
8
San Francisco (city and county)__
1
520
496
410
24
Colorado: Denver (city and county).
Connecticut:
49
46
16
3
Bridgeport (city).......................... .
72
60
12
16
Hartford (city)___________ _____
178
36
31
142
District of Columbia..........................
48
40
73
25
Florida: Dade County......................
246
90
90
156
Georgia: Fulton County....................
1Population according to the 1930 census.
2 All figures for the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
78616°— 39----- 6
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
78
T able I I I b .— Color, nativity, and parent nativity of girls dealt with in delinquency
cases disposed o f by the courts in 1 State, 48 courts that served specified areas with
100,000
or more population, and 20 courts that served areas with less than 100,000
population in 1986 — Continued
Girls’ delinquency cases
White girls
Area served by court
Total
_
Areas with 100,000 or more popula
tion—Continued.
Indiana:
Allen County..._____ __________
Lake County___________________
Marion County_______ ______
St. Joseph County________. . . . . . . .
Vanderburgh County___________ ”
Iowa: Polk County_____________ II
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish__________________
Orleans Parish____________ ...„I.I
Maryland: Baltimore (city)...
Michigan:
Kent County___________ : ______
Oakland County____________
Wayne County___________
Minnesota:
Hennepin County_______ _______
Ramsey County__________
HI
New Jersey:
Hudson County________________
Mercer County_______
IIIII
New York:
Erie County....................................
Monroe County________________
New York (city)________ ...IIIIII
Rensselaer County___________” ”
Syracuse (city)_____________ ____
Westchester County____
Ohio:
Franklin County___ ___________
Hamilton County_________ IIIIIII
Lucas County................. ...I.IIIH
Mahoning County__________
Montgomery County___...IIIIIIII
Oregon: Multnomah County___***_"
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County______________
Berks County_____ . . . . __ ____
Montgomery County__ 111111.1111
Philadelphia (city and county)..""
South Carolina: Greenville County..
Utah: Third district______
Virginia: Norfolk (city)................Ill"
Washington:
Pierce County__________________
Spokane County_____ ____ I.Ill”
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County_____
Native,
Native, foreign Native,
parent For Nativ
native
or
ity
Total parent mixed
age
eign not
re
age parent not re born ported
ported
age
86
94
257
112
61
84
75
85
170
105
46
76
72
26
170
86
46
69
64
93
253
29
32
122
59
23
180
2
59
11
9
87
19
7
15
8
6
1
29
15
62
3
30
29
53
23
126
25
20
61
11
3
60
17
195
71
184
70
109
53
62
16
8
118
55
107
40
40
27
64
13
85
31
794
48
42
61
77
30
548
48
41
45
33
17
155
30
16
15
42
13
312
17
23
29
331
605
230
142
132
137
224
425
176
122
114
133
214
410
149
67
114
110
9
11
23
44
3
2
20
14
8
106
7
6
617
36
137
108
75
7
5
286
26
136
36
27
2
4
126
26
98
34
46
5
1
153
1
1
5
2
4
6
44
91
477
42
90
440
41
77
195
1
13
116
128
1
3
1
2
112
1
2
54
58
29
2
Areas with less than 100,000 popula
tion___________ ______________
581
469
394
69
50,000, less than 100,000__________
Less than 50,000...........
I” ”
374
207
320
149
262
132
55
14
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1
Col
ored
girls
1
14
6
54
5
32
1
1
3
35
61
131
.
3
2
11
1
1
3
11
15
2
8
1
246
49
2
1
16
1
1
2
107
180
54
20
18
1
1
4
31
1
331
10
1
72
2
1
37
79
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T a b l e I V . — Source o f reference to court of delinquency cases disposed of by the
courts in 1 State, ¿8 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more popula
tion, and 20 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1985 1
Delinquency cases
Source of reference to court
Area served by court
Total
School
de
Police part
ment
Par
Pro
Social ents Other
ba
Other Source
agen or indi
not re
tion Other
vid
source
court
ported
offi
cy rela ual
tives
cer
8
Total cases *_____ ________
55,693
35,737
3 ,4 8 6
1,477
1,174
1,097
4 ,866
7 ,6 4 2
206
State total: Utah 1........................
2 ,0 8 2
1 ,0 9 0
381
265
31
37
98
169
11
100,000 o r m o r e p o p TJLATION................................................ 5 2 ,3 5 6
3 3 ,993
2 ,9 9 6
1,165
1,155
1,010
4 ,6 7 5
7 ,1 7 0
185
193
22
27
21
18
6
40
59
2 ,5 1 7
1 ,694
1,864
540
85
46
49
114
79
744
15
15
133
125
246
109
46
1
810
536
30
71
44
13
06
6
4
1,170
557
233
26
11
28
222
87
4
362
699
1,8 3 6
'5 Ì 4
1,5 4 7
233
626
1 ,473
’ 264
926
26
42
27
43
41
6
8
62
8
68
8
7
13
9
7
30
13
166
49
105
58
2
94
134
398
1
152
380
1,118
342
235
391
75
245
617
110
167
97
17
45
77
48
22
36
2
4
11
4
1
6
22
32
173
43
13
32
24
47
232
124
16
218
3
1
3
1
5
7
8
9
12
1
357
849
2 ,7 9 8
202
505
2 ,4 9 4
11
22
4
55
2
52
1
1
4
3
13
104
16
151
117
66
150
23
2
5
444
162
2 ,2 8 9
347
107
1 ,846
20
27
95
19
7
23
6
1
67
25
10
166
27
10
80
1 ,128
455
935
371
41
4
13
12
101
11
35
57
649
440
208
400
178
16
87
5
56
23
12
97
7
1 ,0 0 8
236
6 ,0 7 0
' 177
278
358
755
154
2 ,8 7 6
57
209
206
7
3
94
71
12
63
24
53
13
165
8
3
34
82
45
1,143
12
37
26
87
21
1,773
29
16
28
1 ,951
2 ,3 6 0
’ 815
1 ,2 0 6
' 558
969
1 ,0 6 7
1 ,7 6 4
396
Ò70
260
616
223
120
48
275
98
59
130
6
2
4
15
5
5
30
13
16
12
1
39
78
9
13
15
26
124
129
136
101
70
66
360
228
204
127
84
188
3
5
7
4
6
2
796
74
53
5 ,7 3 5
274
64
47
3 ,9 3 7
10
2
157
126
27
2
1
25
80
4
4
428
107
2
1
1,043
13
2
A
r e a s w it h
California:
San Francisco (city and counColorado: Denver (city and
county)...................................
Connecticut:
Indiana:
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish................... ......
Maryland: Baltimore (city)......
Michigan:
Minnesota:
New Jersey:
New York:
Ohio:
Oregon: Multnomah County. . .
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny Couhty..................
2
1
4
2
4
3
1
7
2
1
3
3
1
1
12
3
14
1
34
2
266
Philadelphia (city and county)
South Carolina: Greenvil le
1
2
31
27
198
3
132
3
County...................................
1 Population according to the 1930 census.
2 All figures for the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
80
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
IV .— Source of reference to court of delinquency cases disposed of by the
courts in 1 State, 48 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more popula
tion, and 20 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1985 —
T able
Continued
Delinquency cases
Source of reference to court
Area served by court
Total
A r e a s w ith 100,000 o r
School Pro
ba Other Social
de tion
Police part
court agen
offi
cy
ment cer
Par
ents Other
Source
or indi Other not re
source ported
rela vid
tives ual
m ore pop -
ulation —Continued.
Utah: Third District______
964
631
Virginia: Norfolk (city)........
728
424
Washington:
Pierce County______
165
99
Spokane County.......
563
417
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County. 3,563 3,171
A reas w ith less th an 100,000
POPULATION..........
50,000, less than 100,000___
Less than 50,000____
147
28
10
15
22
10
14
36
154
2
2
77
3
4
28
16
3
1
39
218
23
31
83
20
61
3,337
1,744
490
312
19
87
191
472
21
1
2,136
1.201
1,179
565
349
141
84
228
13
6
49
38
130
61
316
156
5
1
T a b l e V a .—- Reason for reference to court in boys’ delinquency cases disposed of by
the courts in 7 States, 80 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more
population, and 277 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in
19851
Boys’ delinquency cases
Total cases1.................
State totals: *
Connecticut.................
Indiana.............
Massachusetts..........
Michigan..............
New York___
Rhode Island.......
Utah..................
w ith 100,000 or more popu
lation .......................
tuo
.9
co
$
0Q
a
0
C8
3
►
0
G
co
c
P
O
c0
C0
*0
c
tuo
a
p
©
3C0
a
c
©
!
«
£>
a
a
60,480 29,906 14,584 2,627 2 ,9 5 3
3,637
2,842
5, 652
4,448
9,369
387
1,762
2 ,9 4 3
>
0
bù
a
©
a
fl©
O
H
©
CQ
flO
n
C
©
a
0
h
3
S
Use, possession, or sale
of liquor or diugs
Total
Area served by court
Act of carelessness or
mischief
Reason for reference to court
©
E
0
a
©
Ih
fl
O
9 O
fl
©
c fl
Ih
O
©
.fl 3
©
O «
3,683 1,162 1,415 302 728 177
1,427 1,491
10 214 116 150 75 79 4
1,506 525
9 153 214 285 72 55 16
3,184 1,239 405 318 53 146 85 161 40
2,845 509 100 324 124 227 114 88 9
4,614 2,181
38 298 510 935 139 318 8
244
27 12 39
4 14 10
8
949 222 168 210 72 39 26 24 ""§3
71
7
21
61 "47
210 118
20 9
19
A reas
50,714 25,003 12,351 2,302 2,250 2,534 3,241 944 1,157 230 581 121
Alabama: Mobile County.
152
63
24
16 10 26
2
9
2
California:
Los Angeles County................
1,954 1,146
81 416 78
63 95
9 3 63 — San Diego County___
1,379 342 122 570 27 105 79 24 14 18 78
San Francisco (city and county). . .
641 403
33 57 26 10 67 18 13 8 6
1Population according to the 1930 census.
* •'M
*figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and mcluded in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
81
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T able V a .— Reason for reference to court in boys’ delinquency cases disposed of by
the courts in 7 States, 80 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more
population, and 277 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in
1985 — Continued
Boys’ delinquency cases
AKIAS WITH 100,000 OK MORE POPU
LATION—Cont inued.
Colorado: Denver (city and county)
Connecticut:
Fairfield County_________ _____
Hartford (city)__________ ______
New Haven (city)_____________
District of Columbia.......................
Florida: Dade County___________
Georgia: Fulton County___ _____
Indiana:
Allen County_________________
Lake County_______ ______ ___
Marion County_______________
St. Joseph County_____________
Vanderburgh County...................
Iowa: Polk County______________
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish_________ _______
Orleans Parish________________
Maryland: Baltimore (city)______
Massachusetts:
Boston:
Boston (central section)_______
Brighton____ _______________
Charlestown________________
Dorchester__ _________ _____
East Boston___________ _____
Roxbury..................... ..............
South Boston_______________
West Roxbury................... .......
Second district of Bristol..............
Third district of Bristol________
Lawrence district_____________ _
Southern Essex district_________
Springfield district_____________
First district of eastern Middlesex.
Third district of eastern Middlesex
Lowell district________________
Somerville district____ ________
East Norfolk district___________
Central district of Worcester........
Michigan: *
Genesee County_______ _____. . .
Ingham County_______________
Kent County____ ____________
Oakland County.........................
Saginaw County______________
Wayne County...........................
Minnesota:
Hennepin County_____________
Ramsey County_______________
New Jersey:
Hudson County_______________
Mercer County—........... .............
New York:
Albany County............................
Broome County...........................
Chautauqua County....................
Erie County__________________
Monroe County...........................
New York (city)............... ..........
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
650
397
56
021
627
253
1,658
441
1,301
363
229
132
983
256
775
359
287
47
319
55
283
66
286
861
230
174
307
44
154
416
103
128
97
4
62
93
102
22
112
3
115
98
407 152
984 1,252
291
35
64
88
156
152
138
35
136
150
59
87
149
110
215
80
67
85
130
174
3
19
46
122
62
48
50
30
17
4
33
44
61
67
18
15
26
77
277 129
53
23
385 255
13(
71
54
114
2,109 1,603
36
5
56
26
17
148
293
756
2,545
547
40
100
175
305
306
22C
05
203
213
85
152
251
243
341
125
01
156
295
933
384
589
253
92
38
531
385
241
233
59
104
205 126
6
141
95
1C
192 120
42
923 535 144
205 143
21
5,276 2,268 1,545
84
40
47
15
60
29
23
41
27
20
48
16
11
2
60
58
51
38
7
152
26
128
20
15
1
18
8
11
1
11
57
3
4
3
9
6
33 15
78 173
5 11
11
6
11 52
2
9
7
3
1
25
5
2
16 11
4 132
68 163
4
18
13
16 4
32 4
52 . . . .
16
7
10
20
7
17
19
4
4
18
5
7
15
23
14
7
3
11
17
12
16
17
3
1
5
4
9
6
2
8
3
2
4
11
5
16
2
3
5
3
10
10
1
2
7
3
12
1
1
64
6
1
4
1
2
5
44
3
1
16
8
10
16
9
25
2
5
22
43
1
2
2
2
1
4
12
3
5
6
4
9
1
7
5
7
1
2
1
6
1
3
6
4
13
9
12
11
3
7
9
19 —
1
3
1
1
i
5
2
1 1
1 1
1 1
1
3
4
2 2
1 .1
2
30
3
2
32
4
1
1
53
4
142
48
18
7
14
29
16
17
9
9
5
10
3
127
S
9
1
71
12
4
3
16
23
12
2
2
12 — -
1
2
2
5
2
13
4
3
42
1—
1
3
1
8
1
5
2 18
11 32
1
5
74 188
1—
3
26
4
10 13
5
5
12
9
19 107
85 30 23
4 16
1C
3
2
2
6 119 62
5
8 22
15 298 620
14
17
1
1
23
1
14
4
2
54
IS
4
23
14
100
2
3
Reason not reported
9
5
12
14 4
62
1 2
14 11
2
29
Other reason
Injury to person
! Use, possession, or sale
of liquor or drugs
Sex offense
Ungovernable
Running away
Truancy
Traffic violation
Stealing
Total
Area served by court
Act of carelessness or
mischief
Reason for reference to court
1
2
1... .
13
5—
4
15
1
11
6 132 1Ï8
82
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T a b l e V a .— Reason for reference to court in boys’ delinquency cases disposed of by
the courts in 7 States, 80 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more
population, and 277 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in
1985 — Continued.
Boys’ delinquency cases
A reas
w ith
100,000
Reason not reported
Other reason
Use, possession, or sale
of liquor or drugs
Injury to person
Sex offense
Ungovernable
Running away
Truancy
Traffic violation
Stealing
Total
Area served by court
Act of carelessness or
mischief
Reason for reference to court
o r m ore popu -
lation — Continued.
New York—Continued.
Niagara County________ ______
114
58
29
2
Oneida County..... .......................
226 109
38
1
1
45
31
Orange County_______________
Rensselaer County............ ..........
129
41
30
94
Schenectady County....................
142
29
1
Suffolk County___I.....................
54
32
5
Syracuse (city)________________
236 170
2
22
Westchester County.....................
297 166
8
25
Ohio:
Franklin County.......................... 1,620 815 443 12
Hamilton County....................... 1,755 1,072 443 69
Lucas County...............................
585 258 170 11
Mahoning County...... ................. 1,064 392 304 18
4
426 225
87
Oregon: Multnomah County..........
832 402 182 34
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County.___ ________
690 408 129
6
Berks County__ '.........................
67
52
Montgomery County...................
47
42
2
Philadelphia (city and county)___ 5,118 1,621 2,187
6
Rhode Island: Sixth district______
190 122
6
12
162 106
South Carolina: Greenville County.
17
Utah: Third district—................ .
827 464
90 128
620 333 121 47
Virginia: Norfolk (city)...................
Washington:
1
121
Pierce County..... ........................
66
10
472 207
95 47
3,086 1,215 1,046 253
A reas w ith less than 100,000 popu LATION.................................................
9,766 4,903 2,233
50,000, less than 100,000____ ______ 4,768 2.531 897
Less than 60,000............................... 4,998 2,372 1,336
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
36
1
34
3
1
11
31
152
8
13
166
59
30
4
10
6
9
4
1
5
3
2
27
2
12
6
10
g
6
23
29
2
1
2
3
15
1
5
10
58
74
43
85
32
27
56
14
47
53
5
97
50
30
13
22
6
16
24 9 1
23 12 10
19 10 1
11 7 6
7 1
20 15 8
1
18 33 45
1
1
4
1
1
1
212 650 209
1
24
5
4 17
66 24 19
18 15 31
23
1
32
2
9
11
105
6
1
7
68
199
325 703 409
21
22
99
6
1
4
6
1
2
60 112 3 58
1
8
16
1
9 3
14
8 7 7
8 36 10 1
3
3
126
4
1 18
35 8
442 218 258 72 147 56
170 418 202 236
155 285 207 206
99 107 19 71 18
119 151 53 76 38
83
SOURCE TABLES, 1935
T a b l e V b .— Reason for reference to court in girls’ delinquency cases disposed of by
the courts in 7 States, 79 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more
population, and 226 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in
1936 1
Girls' delinquency cases
State totals:1
Connecticut...
Indiana...........
Massachusetts.
Michigan____
New York___
Rhode Island..
Utah...............
w ith
100,000 ob
1 Reason not reported
1 Other reason
1 Injury to person
Use, possession, or saie
of liquor or drugs
Sex offense
Ungovernable
Running away
Truancy
10,995 1,339 1,020 144 1,187 t, 617 2,879 2,203 237 144 115 no
Total cases *.
A reas
Traffic violation
Total
Stealing
Area served "by court
Act of carelessness or
mischief
Reason for reference to court
451 86
1,186 123
443 81
717 62
1,456 174
20
320 46
more population ..
9,062 1,104
59
66
18
44
87
8
51 47 80 97 11 4 16
105 182 327 324 23 40 6 _
33 44 154 80 17 8 2 1
122 78 241 140 2 4 13 9
170 261 477 143 22 7 14 98
2
12
10 119 61 33 31 3 5 4 . . . .
5
2
3
904 138 895 1,363 2,442 1,738 196 109 73 100
1. . . .
4 1—
19
4
4—
Alabama: Mobile County............ —
California:
..._
1
5
23
449
5
2
1
7
34
563
18
Los Angeles County.................... ....
315 IS 29 64 20 43 83 37 5 13 8 _
San Diego County_________ ______
-___ .
1
1
85
18
7
43
1
7
169
San Francisco (city and county)------97 66 103 130 3 15 2 2
520 71 31
Colorado: Denver (city and county) —
Connecticut:
15 18 26 27 4
33
Fairfield County_________________
12 4 2
12
72 26
Hartford (city)__________________
8
2
5
New Haven (city)________________
3 13 1 3 ____
70
7
4
48
28
178
District of Columbia............................
2
5 ____
5
3
18 21
19
7i
Florida: Dade County...... ..................
34 49 13 7 5
2
246 75 61
Georgia: Fulton County____________
Indiana:
1 2_
19 30
9
86 12
Allen County........................... .........
1
i
13 14 21 i
21 15
9<
Lake County____________________
1
1
4
3
122
1
0
1
1
22
3
3
257
Marion County__________________
7
u
31 «
St. Joseph County_______________
23 1 1
12
3
11
61
Vanderburgh County_____________
1 1
3{
2C
Iowa: Polk County___ ____________
Louisiana:
11 11 2 2
1
12
64
10 _
Caddo Parish.....................................
6 3
5$
Orleans Parish___________________
4
16 123 20 7
2fif
3C 50 _
Maryland: Baltimore (city).......... ......
Massachusetts:
Boston:
'
1
9 3
14 12
3
71
Boston (central section).................
:
]
Brighton—........ ........... - ...............
1
1
Charlestown...................................
Dorchester___________________ 1 1
East Boston___________________
4
1
12
2
2]
Roxbury.........................................
4 1
South Boston..... ...........................
. West Roxbury...............................
4
Second District of Bristol-------------14
Third District of Bristol...................
Lawrence district..............................
Southern Essex district...............—
\
li
Springfield district............................
_
21
First district ofeastern Middlesex—
...
2!i
3
Third district ofeastern Middlesex. .
1 Population according to the 1930 census.
.
. .
1 All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
41
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
84
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able V b .— Reason fo r reference to court in girls’ delinquency cases disposed o f by
the courts in 7 States, 7 9 courts that served specified areas with 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 or more
population, and 2 2 6 courts that served areas with less than 1 00 ,0 0 0 population in
19 S 6 — Continued
Girls’ delinquency cases
Reason for reference to court
©
*3
o
CO
Area served by court
Q
>
fl^
CO <x>
a
o
3<d2o 2
H CO
o
bfi
® a
«
o
o
a
•a
o
A reas
■w i t h
100,000
or
m ore
popula
50,000, less than 100,000...........
Less than 50,000..............
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
to
V
0
<
a
3
1
p
£
£
’a
§
3
Pi
©
3
o9
a
«a>
>
o
bfi
a
£>
©
CO
a
©
«0
o
M
9
GQ
z
° t
'O
:
o
oO
Qi
C
a
>
** •2 o a
S
9
oO -4
Pi CO
o
9 o C
0
3
O $
S
a
tH
>> o o £ ao
J3 aTc XIfc %
CD
*5* iS O
Pi
-
t i o n — Continued.
Massachusetts—Continued.
Lowell district_____________
Somerville district........
East Norfolk district.. ..
Central district of Worcester________
Michigan:
Genesee County...............
Ingham County.......................
Kent County..... .......
Oakland County...... ....
Saginaw County_______
Wayne County...........................
Minnesota:
Hennepin County_____
Ramsey County........
New Jersey:
Hudson County............
Mercer County_____
New York:
Albany County____ ______
Broome County....... ...............
Chautauqua County............
Erie County.....................
Monroe County.............
New York (city)...................
Niagara County..................
Oneida County_______
Orange County................
Renssalaer County__
Schenectady Countv. .
Suffolk County..
Syracuse (city)___
Westchester County..
Ohio:
Franklin County...
Hamilton County____
Lucas County.............
Mahoning County. .
Montgomery 'County.......
Oregon: Multnomah County ..
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County.............
Berks County.................
Montgomery County........
Philadelphia (city and county)........
Rhode Island: Sixth district
South Carolina: Greenville Countv
Utah: Third district................
Virginia: Norfolk (city)...... ....
Washington:
Pierce County.........
Spokane County...... ..
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County .
\.REAS WITH LESS THAN 100,000 POPULATION................................
<D
GQ
oQ
£
03
a
1(
5
9
30
i
28
9(
12
2
195
71
31
11
6 10
i
118
77
23
20
85
31
794
17
* 26
6
48
9
9
42
61
19
13
26
10
3
89
48
11
16
38
31
46
27
63
3
9
4
4
22
63
68
9
42
27
8
51 76
190 164
43
17
22 12
17 37
36
23
2
—
3
3
—
12
i —
3
3
i
2
19 20
8 13
188 302
7
6
4
6
5
4
3
6
1 14
3 20
18
i—
5
41
1
24
43
3
3
16
3
4
2
10
1
2
2
1
5
3
13
1
3
11
3
6
4
4
6 119
25
8
59
23
18
180
55
i
4
—
7
6
9 2
7
44 15
1
1
—
1
i
7
13
331
605
230
142
132
137
30
39
21
7
10
49
106
7
6
617
10
4
2
1
58 105
36
137
108
8
21
22
8
48
11
4
22
6
10
16
26
2
14
14
17
3
i . ...
44
91
477
1
2
24
7 2
56 153 14
4
i
37
15
30
32
7
18
65 110
6
2
2 ...
24
37
35
28
40
6
8
1
8
3
1
2
3
1
35
28
2
83
81
2
18
21
41
1
f| jg
3
67 20
5
3
235
116
6
292 254 437 465 41
948
985
114
52
64
2
200
92
4
5 ----
28
1
1
154 169
1,933
121
9
35 42
10
91 217 230 10 6 24
163 220 235 31 29 18
2
8
85
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T a b le V I .— Place of care of child pending hearing or disposition in delinquency
cases disposed of by the courts in 1 State, 48 courts that served specified areas with
100,000 or more population, and 20 courts that served areas with less than 100,000
population in 1935 1
56,693
3 2 ,598
603
15,073
3 ,8 6 0
1,6 9 2
State total: Utah*......................... ....................
2 ,0 8 2
1,6 9 1
4
141
20
132
52,356
3 0 ,1 0 5
568
14,825
3 ,8 2 9
1,463
193
85
2 ,5 1 7
1 ,694
810
1 ,1 7 0
259
1 ,1 5 8
'3 0 6
631
362
699
1 ,836
614
1,547
258
587
1,371
426
1 ,0 1 5
1
3
152
380
1 ,1 1 8
342
235
391
93
314
122
312
227
278
1
3
1
1
357
849
2 ,7 9 8
213
301
2 ,5 7 4
444
162
2 ,2 8 9
207
69
938
1 ,128
455
1,0 3 9
'3 3 8
649
440
371
391
1,008
'2 3 6
6 ,0 7 0
’ 177
278
358
614
193
2 ,9 5 3
’ 128
94
203
392
2
3
1,951
2 , 360
815
1 ,206
' 558
969
1,005
'9 3 5
488
582
336
734
1
4
Total
A
reas
w it h
100,000
ok
moke
p o p u l a t i o n ..........
Other institution
Total cases *.......... ..................................
Area served by court
À
8 .
f j
U
O
*3
►**
90
Other place of
[1
care4
g
I Place of care not
'S
reported
No report as to detention
care
2 8
X 3
O ®
5 5
® CD
Q. *1
P
g- §
Detention home1
night
place
Boarding home or
otherfamily home
No detention care
Ü
g.
Delinquency cases
50
1,431
93 . . . .
1
386
86
50
1,430
18
California:
2
665
498
494
429
4
2
7
Connecticut:
Indiana:
99
111
458
1
Louisiana:
3
524
55
64
994
1
3
22
6
130
502
4
1
1,269
10
2
1
21
4
64
3
2
1
1
2
94
1
314
32
8
80
2
46
222
26
2
18
8
3
1
1
Michigan:
237
1
91
1,351
1
Minnesota:
3
63
33
New Jersey:
277
49
New York:
Ohio:
52
54
1
1
2
41
3 ,113
49
1
184
139
16
573
1,415
228
500
173
148
36
4
6
2
336
2
85
122
49
- 64
1
Ì6
OregonfMultiiomah County..........................
7
i Population according to the 1930 census.
i Includes cases of children cared for part of the time in detention homes and part of the time elsewhere,
but excludes cases of children also held in jails or police stations.
3 Includes a few cases of children cared for part of the time in jails or police stations and part of the time
elsewhere.
.
. . . . . . . . .
4 Includes a few cases of children held in more than 1place of care but in places other than detention homes,
jails, or police stations.
.
...
» All figures for the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
86
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T ab le V I .— Place of care of child pending hearing or disposition in delinquency
cases disposed of by the courts in 1 State, 48 courts that served specified areas with
100,000 or more population, and 20 courts that served areas with less than 100,000
population in 1985 — Continued
Other place of
care
Place of care not
reported
‘No report as to detention
care
Delinquency cases
100,000 or more p o p u l a t i o n —Con.
Pennsylvania:
796
353
Allegheny County..... .................................
74
68
Berks County_________________________
9
53
Montgomery County___________________
Philadelphia (city and county)___________ 5,735 4,316
198
170
South Carolina: Greenville County_________
964
763
Utah: Third district_____________________
309
728
Virginia: Norfolk (city)...................................
Washington:
165
88
Pierce County_________________________
255
563
Spokane County_______________________
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County______ _____ 3,563 1,626
A r e a s w i t h l e s s t h a n 100,000 p o p u l a t i o n . . . 3,337 2,493
50,000,
less than 100,000__ ______________________ 2,136 1,573
Less than 50,000____________________________________ 1, 201
920
A
Jail or police sta
tion
Other institution
Detention home
Boarding home or
other family home
Total
Area served by court
No detention care
Detention care overnight or longer
in specified place
r e a s w it h
1
1
302
9
3
44
1,366
5
90
141
288
11
4
1
2
35
11
24
58
271
1,922
248
240
8
31
10
21
2
1
129
2
48
27
49
37
18
35
12 3
229 300
196 105
33 195
_
1
1
T ab le V II .— Manner of handling delinquency cases disposed of by the courts in
7 States, 80 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and
284 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1985 1
Delinquency cases
Area served by court
Total
Official
Unofficial
71,475
49,031
22,444
4,088
4,028
6,095
5'165
10^825
407
2,082
1,879
1,936
6,095
5) 165
10,819
407
1,135
2,209
2,092
with 100,000 or more population............ ..........................
59,776
41,151
18,625
Alabama: Mobile County..............................................................
California:
Los Angeles County..................................................................
San Diego County.................... .......... ..................................... .
193
193
2,517
1, 694
810
1,170
2,517
1 , Ì47
810
579
Total cases3................................. ..........................................
State totals:3
Connecticut...................................................... .........................
Indiana...... ............ ..................... ....................... ......................
Michigan............................................................................. ......
New York...................... ............................ .............................
Rhode Island.......................... ............. ................................... .
Utah............................................................................................
Areas
6
947
547
Colorado: Denver (city and county)..............................................
591
Connecticut:
Fairfield County....................... .................... ...........................
1,065
697
368
Hartford (city)............ ................................................. ..............
699
334
365
New Haven (city)................................... ...................................
276
276
District of Columbia................... ................................... ...............
1,836
1,305
531
Florida: Dade County........ ................................ .........................
514
514
Georgia: Fulton County.................................................................
1,547
677
870
Indiana:
Allen County_____ ___ ______ _________ __________ ____ ___
152
110
42
Lake County................ .............................. .............................
380
125
255
Marion County...........................................................................
1,118
918
200
St. Joseph County........................ ..............................................
342
74
268
Vanderburgh County..................................................................
235
57
178
Iowa: Polk County.............. ......... ................................................
391
112
279
1 Population according to the 1930 census.
3 All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
87
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T a b le V II .— Manner of handling delinquency cases disposed of by the courts in 7
States, 80 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and
28 4 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1985 — Contd.
Delinquency cases
Area served by court
Total
A
r e a s w i t h io o .ooo o r m o r e p o p u l a t i o n —
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish.........................................................
Orleans Parish.............. ........................................
Maryland: Baltimore (city)........................
Massachusetts:
Boston:
Boston (central section)______________ .
Brighton............................... .............
Charlestown............. ....... ...........
Dorchester___ __________________
East Boston..................................
Roxbury____ _________________________
South Boston............. ......................................................
West Roxbury...................... ......... ................
Second district of Bristol................. ...........
Third district of Bristol......................... ......... .........
Lawrence district___ ___________ _________
Southern Essex district____________
Springfield district.................................. .............
First district of eastern Middlesex...................................
Third district of eastern Middlesex____ ____________
Lowell district— ........ ........................
Somerville district..........................................
East Norfolk district____ _________ ___________ ____
Central district of Worcester......................... .............................
Michigan:
Genesee County..................................... ..........................
Ingham County............. ...................................
Kent County......................................................
Oakland County......................................... ...............
Saginaw County............ ..............................
Wayne County............................................. ....................
Minnesota:
Hennepin County________ ______ ______
Ramsey County.................................................................
New Jersey:
Hudson County................... .................. ..........
Mercer County.........................................................
New York:
Albany County........... ..........................................
Broome County...................................................................
Chatauqua County.......................... ............. ...............
Erie County.................................. ............................................
Monroe County................ .......................................................
New York (city)—................... ...............................................
Niagara County........................... ............... ............... ...............
Oneida County........................................................ ..................
Orange County................................................................. .........
Rensselaer County................................... .•....................... ........
Schenectady County____ ____________ _________________
Suffolk County___ ________ _______ _________ ____ _____
Syracuse (city)....................................... ............
Westchester County................................................................
Ohio:
Franklin County................... ....... ............... ....... .......
Hamilton County.................................. .............
Lucas County................................ .............................
Mahoning County.................................. ............
Montgomery County__________________
Oregon: Multonmah County................... ....... ............
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County.................................................
Berks County......................................... ..................
Montgomery County..................................... .........................
Philadelphia (city and county).......... .......................................
Rhode Island: Sixth district_______ _____________ _____
South Carolina: Greenville County........... .................. .............
Utah: Third district_______ __________________________
Virginia: Norfolk (city)...................... .......................................
Washington:
Pierce County.............................................................................
Spokane County....................................... ..................................
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County.....................................................
A reas with
less than 100,000 population______ ______ ______
less than 100,000 ___ ___________ ____ __________ .
Less than 50,000 ______________ ________ _____ _____________
50,000,
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Official
Unofficial
Continued.
357
849
2 ,7 9 8
327
30
849
2 ,7 9 8
622
52
107
194
327
327
235
100
213
231
94
164
269
258
369
135
96
165
325
622
52
107
194
327
327
235
100
213
231
94
164
269
258
369
Î35
96
373
61
444
162
132
2 ,2 8 9
373
61
444
162
132
2,289
1,128
'4 5 5
1,128
455
649
440
649
440
372
164
218
1,008
236
6 ,0 7 0
131
252
51
177
151
63
278
358
372
164
218
1 ,0 0 8
236
6 ,0 7 0
131
252
51
177
151
63
278
352
6
1,951
2 ,3 6 0
815
1 ,206
558
969
491
108
221
395
110
189
1 ,4 6 0
2; 252
'5 9 4
811
448
780
796
74
53
5 ,735
190
198
964
728
796
74
53
1,694
190
150
548
728
165
563
3 ,5 6 3
95
207
1 ,073
70
356
2 ,4 9 0
11,699
7 ,8 8 0
3 ,8 1 9
5 ,7 1 6
5,983
3 ,7 1 6
4 ,164
2 ,0 0 0
1,819
325
4,041
48
416
88
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T a b l e V I I I a .— Disposition of boys’ delinquency cases by the courts of 7 States, 80
courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and 277 courts
that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1935 1
State totals:1
Connecticut...
Indiana_____
Massachusetts.
Michigan____
New York___
Rhode Island..
Utah..............
r e a s w it h
100,000
Disposition not reported
I
60,480 21,761 786 932 22,517 4,768 420 283 1,024 856 2,355 4,777
Total cases *.
A
Other disposition of case
Agency or
individual
Restitution, fine, or costs
ordered
Institution
Referred
without
commit
ment
to--
j
1
Agency or
1 individual 1
Institution
Com
mitted
to—
I
Case dismissed or ad
justed
Agency or individual
supervising
Under temporary care of
an institution
Total
Area served by court
Probation officer super
vising
Child kept
under supervision of
under super Child not kept court
vision of court
Case held open without further
action
Boys’ delinquency cases
3,637
2,842
5,652
4,448
9,369
387
1,762
or m o re popu
l a t i o n _____________________
______
Alabama: Mobile County..........
California:
Los Angeles County_________
San Diego County............. .....
San Francisco (city and coun-
1,217
1,173
3,167
2 ; 262
3,960
255
726
29 23 1,837 158 11 15 167 47 83 50
36 9 841 258 6 3 22 16 134 344
623 372 36
90 59 1,305
213 117 986 349 16 4
1 205 295
97 1 3,152 789 150 52 26 117 201 824
46
2 82
2
52 4 680 96 3 8
5 94 53 41 . . . .
50,714 17,636 668 817 19,514 4,019 358 259 860 510 1,970 4,102
51
1 45
21
34
1,954 1,208
1,379 109
167
2 67
414
865
71
27
152
1
52
2
4—
1
42
88 215 —
641 506 25 16
2
1
60 22
9
Colorado: Denver (city and coun
650 424 29 7
66 62 _
9 12 12
ty)............................................
7 22
Connecticut:
921 263 1
493 36
Fairfield County................ ......
5 38 22 34 29
11 15
627 185 1
389 15 7 4
Hartford (city)____ _________
253 104 25 1
New Haven (city)____ ______
78 30 1
1
10
3
492 169 22 3 32 40 15 50
District of Columbia__________ 1,658 670 165
441 173
Florida: Dade County_________
97
86 40 3
4
32
6
3
220
35 291 4 Ì
Georgia: Fulton County............. 1,301
31 716
Indiana:
11 1
66
42 6 1
5
Allen County_____ _________
286
72 10 4 128 22 3 1
Lake County_______________
9 9 25
3
861 289 2
1
Marion County............. ..........
93 100
56 320
230
68 1
St. Joseph County___ :______
139
1
7
9
5
174
Vanderburgh County..............
43 3
1
90 22
2 5
8
Iowa: Polk County___________
307
1 209 10
1
76
10
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish............. ..............
293
12 8
98 86 5
10 38
9 27
756 195 6
Orleans Parish______________
78 185
7 16
9 260
Maryland: Baltimore (city)........ 2,545 354 1
1,541 236
86 205 18 104
Massachusetts:
Boston:
Boston (central section)........
547 242
19 21 1
264
Brighton................................
49
11
1
18
19
Charlestown______________
1 1
100
55
3
4 26
10
Dorchester_______________
175
87
5 3
5 17
58
East Boston......... ............ .
305 174
4
2
4 88
33
306 164
Roxbury_________________
21 17
4
6 94
1
South Boston_____________
220 159
16 12 2
30
95
West Roxbury____________
34
27
5 1
28
Second district of Bristol..........
203 170
3 13
17
213 180
Third district of Bristol______
6
7
4 16
1 21
1
1
85
52
Lawrence district.......... ..........
9
152
Southern Essex district............
87
10 17 1
1
3 33
1Population according to the 1930 census.
1All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
89
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T able V III a .— Disposition of boys’ delinquency cases by the courts of 7 States, 80
courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and 277 courts
that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1985 — Continued
Disposition not reported
Other disposition of case
Agency or
individual
Restitution, fine, or costs
ordered
Institution
Agency or
individual |
1
Institution
Case dismissed or ad
justed
Agency or individual
supervising
Under temporary care of
an institution
Probation officer super
vising
Total
Area served by court
Referred
without
commit
ment
t(^“
Com
mitted
t(H"
Case held open without further
action
Boys’ delinquency cases
Child kept
under supervision of
under super Child not kept court
vision of court
A re as
w it h
100,000
o r m o r e popu
l a t i o n —Continued.
Massachusetts—Continued.
Springfield district...................
First district ofeastern Middle
sex_____ _____ __________
Third district of eastern Mid
dlesex___________________
Lowell district______________
Somerville district....... —........
East Norfolk district...........
Michigan:
Genesee County____________
Ingham County_______ _____
Kent County______________
Oakland County___ ________
Saginaw County____________
Wayne County......................
Minnesota:
Hennepin County__________
Ramsey County____________
New Jersey:
Hudson County____________
Mercer County_____________
New York:
Albany County.......................
Broome County------ ----------Chautauqua County..............
Erie County................. .........
Monroe County......................
New York (city)_________ ,.
Niagara County___ ____— ..
Oneida County____________
Orange County____ ________
Rensselaer County_________
Schenectady County________
Suffolk County____________
Syracuse (city)........ ....... .......
Westchester County________
Ohio:
Franklin County....................
Hamilton County...................
Lucas County_____________
Mahoning County..................
Montgomery County.............
Oregon: Multnomah County__
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County..................
Berks County_____________
Montgomery County.............
Philadelphia (city and county) .
Rhode Island: Sixth district......
South Carolina:
Greenville
County...................................
Utah: Third district....... ..........
Virginia: Norfolk (city)............
Washington:
Pierce County........................
Spokane County.....................
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County.
A
reas
w it h
less
than
100,000
POPULATION.......................
60,000, less than 100,000.
Less than 60,000...........
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
251
160
13
22
243
163
21
13
341
126
91
156
296
180
84
75
64
146
64
13
4
65
30
11
5
3
12
11
69
14
1
8
110
24
72
18
364
175
384
392
237
57
57
28
19
631
385
188
228
295
141
192
no
923
205
5,276
114
226
45
129
142
54
236
297
69
24
184
113
2 ,4 4 4
37
135
12
38
62
32
133
199
4
141
59
46
7
2
6—
273
276
67
32f
9f
223
7 3 1,195
1 13 982
4 3 323
562
e
{
1
182
2
36 505
690
67
47
5,118
' 190
436
46
34
752
123
1
5
23
89
3,124
8
6
2
1
1
1
3
9
9,766 4,125 118 115 3,003
4,768 2,087 48 87 1,393
4,998 2,038 70 28 1,610
749
333
416
62
30
32
4
9
103
2
22
11
2
3
5
1
34
6
10 23
10 31
3
24
262
25
5
9
7
8
66
6. .. .
27
186
21
64
22
10
2_
8
7
4_
48
4 1
53
4
1
2
533
42
58
11
14
30
84
126
42
22
19
5
2
19
15
30
103 292
10
2
2
1. . . .
81
11
13
21
20 293
8
79
15 13
39 10 23 218 ____
5 77 31
40
9 32
50
8
13 24
30
22
7 19
4
2
1
1
32 213
1
154
19
7
470 63
44
3
53
4
1
1
15
41
111
11
21
742
78
2
6
33
23
20Í
10 22 2,029
121
472
3,086
5
1
14
35
70
96
333 22
213 54 —
43
3
1
34
418
173
162
827
620
45
1
2
118 14
5
8 44
103 24
194 62 44 11
54 31 7
1 2,020 397 4 37
34 13 5
71 19
8 13
2
53 14
61 19
4
8
6 22 6
63 14 10 —
1,620
1,755
685
1,064
426
832
1
2
6
176 151
143 13
5
8
1
1
2
1
2
3
277
26 106 7
35
63
386 133 10 83
21
29 1
139
114
73 2
2,109 1,296 28
933
2
4
38 24
11
24 164 346 385
9 137 122 171
151 27 224 214
675
351 _
324
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
90
T a b l e V I I I b .— Disposition of girls' delinquency cases by the courts o f 7 States, 79
courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and 226 courts
that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1936 1
|
^
»1
Disposition not reported
Other disposition of case
I Institution
I Agency or individual
| Agency or individual
Institution
Case dismissed or adjusted
Total
Probation officer super
vising
Agency or individual
supervising
Under temporary care
of an institution
Area served by court
Re
ferred
Com without
com
mitted
to—
mit
ment
to—
1 Case held open without further action
Child kept
under super
vision of
court
id not kep t under si
sion >f court
Restitution, fine, or costs ordered
o
er
Girls’ delinquency cases
Total cases s. .............................. 10,995 3,664 188 422 3,149 1,339 216 85 445 67 635 784
State totals: *
451 113 11 2 143 76 6
Connecticut.................. . ....... ........
Indiana................. ................... ...... 1,186 497 11 27 330 129 8
443 229
49 78 15
717 280 15 32 156 99 8
Michigan...........................-...........389 283 57
New York........................................ 1,456 569 39
4
20 16
320 119 14 1 129 14 2
Utah................................................
A
r e a s w it h
100,000
or
more
p o p t jl a -
t i o n ......................................................................
California:
Colorado: Denver (city and county)..
Connecticut:
Fairfield County..............................
District of Columbia...........................
Florida: Dade County........................
Indiana:
Lake County....................................
Marion County............. ..................
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish...................................
Massachusetts:
Boston:
49
5 21
2
8
2
7
3
5
7 10 16 —
9,062 3,003 151 396 2,595 1,026 182 76 397
41
8 1 15 10
563 404
315 24
169 112
520 305
1
3
25
9
29
1
48
194
17
29
3
1
4 1
62 37
23 3 29
31
54
23
5
49
6
4
15 1 _ 21 3 13 10
10 2
7
4
8 1
1
1
1 7
3
4
13
1 1_
1_
7 2_
4
2
6
10
19
170
40
58
52
17
60
3
7
11
4
7
7
19
9
82
17
19
83
3
1
3
8
1
1
1
6
5
2
2
1
3
3
6
4
1
1
1
1
3
2
3
1
24
29
86
94
257
112
61
84
57
24
88
34
22
10
3 22
1 1
2_
64
93
253
1
13
47
3
75
3
7
19
22
21
15
5
10
18
9
12
18
15
45
3
12
14
11
4
1
8
12
6
5
7
7
1
3
1
6
2
2
2
3
1
1
17
18 515 702
67
1 40
10 17
9 16
144
72
23
178
73
246
24
4
4
54
16
93
66
45
76
5 30
65
3
78
9 19
3
1
1
5
1
6
2
2
1
4
5
4_
3
1
7
1 2
3 33
1
1
21
70
1
6 5
11 80 _
18
12 1
4
7 5
1 46
5
2
1
17
1
3
1
1 4
2
4
2
First district of eastern Middlesex-.
1 Population according to the 1930 census.
* All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
91
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T a b le V III b .— Disposition of girls' delinquency cases by the courts of 7 States, 79
courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and 226 courts
that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 19S6— Continued
Area served by court
*3
o
A bEAS WITH 100,000 OB KOBE POPTJLAtion—Continued.
Massachusetts—Continued.
Third district of eastern Middlesex.Lowell district..................................
Somerville district.... ......................
East Norfolk district......................
Central district of Worcester............
Michigan:
Genesee County...... .......................
Ingham County...............................
Kent County............. .....................
Oakland County..............................
Saginaw County.......................
Wayne County................................
Minnesota:
Hennepin County............................
Ramsey County...............................
New Jersey:
Hudson County..............................
Mercer County_________________
New York:
Albany County................................
Broome County...............................
Chautauqua County........................
Erie County...................................
Monroe County___ _________ ____
New York (city)________________
Niagara County....................... .......
Oneida County.......................... ......
Orange County................................
Rensselaer County........ .......
Schenectady County___ ____ _____
Suffolk County.................. .
Syracuse (city)________________
Westchester County________
Ohio:
Franklin County....................
Hamilton County_______
Lucas County....................
Mahoning County................
Montgomery County...........
Oregon: Multnomah County.........
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County..........................
Berks County..............................
Montgomery County.............
Philadelphia (city and county)__
South Carolina: Greenville County
Utah: Third district....... .................
Virginia: Norfolk (city).......................
Washington:
Pierce County..................................
Spokane County........ .....................
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County_____
A beas
w ith less
Less than 5 0 ,0 0 0 _______
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
______ __________
fi
o
<
28
10
6
9
30
14
5
3
1
21
96
8
50
23
18
180
28
5
18
9
10
102
195
71
89
21
118
55
77
23
26
85
31
794
17
26
6
48
9
9
42
61
<
h
1
1
4
1
1
3
3
1
o
<
1
1
34
10
2
13
11
1
12
3
31
56
35
10
6
10
6
28
19
51
26
38
9
17
7
46
1
13
13
4
191
8
15
7
8
6
7
19
15
126
6
4
5
5
5
2
1
10
1
3
9
11
1
3
12
3
1
1
49
187
208
100
92
40
40
45
15
25
9
8
8
2
4
7
6
1
1
5 19
32 165
1 28
3 5
2 11
1 24
2
7
51
1
3
2
2
236
20
66
42
90
4
5
7
53
5
12
13
7
2
3
12
7
5
2
4
21
21
30
1
8
50
24
41
17
4
3
1
5
4
106
7
6
617
36
137
108
45
22
2
3
161
6
49
37
g
44
91
477
1
163
1,933
948
985
345
316
661
1
10
6
1
3
2
23
7
3
14
d
JO
o
as
I©n
•d
J3
*3
3
o
,d
23
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
9
4
2
2
8
2
27
2
1
27
4
2
2
3
28
1
1
3
3
3
1
7
1
1
8
1
4
1
6
5
222
22
3
37
21
16
26
14
12
554
287
267
313
133
180
34
15
19
1
5
3
2
4
1
12
122
19
8
12
3
5
1
3
1
67
2
2
3
3
14
2
14 _
9
21
17
©
In
O
a
©
In
d
©
o
2
'S
rd
©
s
Ü
1
1
1
1
5
1
3
10
8
444
1
331
605
230
142
132
137
THAN 100,000 POPULA-
TION.......................... .........................
60,000, less than 100,000______________
Girls’ delinquency cases
Child not kept under supervi
sion of court
Re
Child kept
ferred
under super
Com
without
vision of
mitted
com 3©
court
to—
mit
©
ment *3
Ion
tO“~
*3
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9
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9 ©
1
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O
o
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o
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a
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d 03
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as
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9
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20
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9
9
22
9 48 49 120 82
2 29 17 33 52
7 19 32 87 30
O
d
d
o
o
a
5
92
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
DEPENDENCY AND NEGLECT CASES, 1935
T ab le IX .— Color, nativity, and parent nativity o f children dealt with in dependency
and neglect cases disposed of by the courts in 1 State, 41 courts that served specified
areas with 100,000 or more population, and 18 courts that served areas with less
than 100,000 population in 1985 1
Dependency and neglect cases
White children
Areas served by court
Total
Total cases *.
Col
Native,
ored
Native foreign Native,
Nativ
chil
parent
For
native
or
ity dren
Total parent
age
eign- not
mixed
re
age parent not re bom ported
age ported
19,412 16,791
10,733
4,461
185
22
A reas WITH 100,000OH MORE POPULATION— 18,514 15,934 10,002
Alabama: Mobile County___________
55
38
38
California:
Los Angeles County............ .............. 1, ooe
941
380
San Diego County________________
471
434
353
728
630
San Francisco (city and county)...... .
290
Connecticut:
Bridgeport (city)...............................
144
137
62
Hartford (city)..................................
178
151
73
256
143
District of Columbia_______________
127
Florida: Dade County______________
198
188
175
Georgia: Fulton County...................
497
403
399
Indiana:
Lake County....................................
205
158
104
Marion County.................................
182
162
161
Iowa: Polk County..............................
350
320
308
Louisiana:
m
100
Caddo Parish........ .......
100
Orleans Parish............
284
209
123
Maryland: Baltimore (city)_________
164
134
64
Michigan:
Kent County....................................
126
119
70
Wayne County— ..............................
503
429
208
Minnesota:
Hennepin County...... ................
335
323
194
Ramsey County....... .........
176
171
152
New York:
Erie County____________________
147
143
87
158
158
Monroe County............................
74
New York (city)............................... 3 ,9 7 8 3 332 1,437
Rensselaer County.......................
88
86
74
103
99
Syracuse (city)..................................
50
Westchester County.............
383
338
163
Ohio:
Franklin County...............................
464
349
318
Hamilton County.............................. 305
237
210
Lucas County................................... 1 ,3 0 2 l, m
1,041
Mahoning County............................
84
65
40
Montgomery County.........................
332
278
274
Oregon: Multnomah County................
672
667
543
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County.............................
649
533
299
Berks County_________
7
7
7
Montgomery County...............
91
70
52
Philadelphia (city and county)........... 2 ,194 1,719
952
South Carolina: Greenville County____
86
73
73
136
128
Utah: Third district.............................
99
Virginia: Norfolk (city)........................
99
71
65
Washington:
Pierce County...................................
183
169
154
Spokane County_________________
191
188
146
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County_______
893
863
463
State total: Utah *________ ____________
A reas WITHLESSthan 100,000 population.
50,000, less than 100,000_...................
Less than 50,000_________________
232
224
898
857
567
331
549
308
731
480
251
1,090
174
333 2,621
4,357
1,073
173
329 2,580
124
72
260
224
4
45
17
208
2
20
65
37
98
60
77
7
27
113
4
94
8
12
Id
44
47
12
30
20
4
26
76
11
204
67
19
55
80
1,676
8
46
137
12
14
' 127
23
4
57
11
75
30
7
74
60
12
5
2
107
4
3
25
18
9
1
2
1
2
112
646
2
4
45
115
68
131
19
54
5
202
18
655
109
12
8
1
7
42
177
104
21
475
13
28
220
14
3
30
41
1Population according to the 1930 census.
J ^ f e res
the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
93
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T ab le X .— Reason for reference to court of children in families represented in de
pendency and neglect cases disposed of by the courts in 1 State, 41 courts that served
specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and 18 courts that served areas
with less than 100,000 population in 1 9 8 5 1
Families represented in dependency and neglect cases
Reason for reference of child to court
With
out ade
quate
care or
Total support
from
parent
or
guard
ian
Area served by court
Total casesJ.
Living Physi
Aban Abuse under cally
handi
don
condi capped
or
Other
ment cruel tions
in and in reason
or
treat
jurious
need
of
deser ment
to
tion
morals public
care
1,149
989
1 ,1 0 0
947
10,518
7,639
322
0,038
36
7,285
307
2
2
293
385
155
304
13
27
7
88
10
2
71
1
94
101
171
119
266
87
1
1
1
221
7
4
9
4
1
9
18
24
119
91
230
92
72
149
4
4
6
1
12
State total: Utah *.
A
b b a s w it h
100,000
o r m o r e p o p u l a t io n .
Alabama: Mobile County.....................
California:
San Diego County________________
San Francisco (city and county).........
Connecticut:
Bridgeport (city).................................
Hartford'(city)____________________
District of Columbia________________
Florida: Dade County_______________
Georgia: Fulton County.......... .............
Indiana:
Lake County.......................................
Marion County___________________
Iowa: Polk County............................. .
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish__________ _________
Orleans Parish____________________
Maryland: Baltimore (city)..................
Michigan:
Kent County____________________
Wayne County.................................
Minnesota:
Hennepin County.—............. .............
Ramsey County.................................
New York:
Erie County___________________ _
Monroe County........ ..........................
New York (city)--------------------------Rensselaer County............. -...............
Syracuse (city)........... ..................... .
Westchester County..........................
Ohio:
Franklin County_________________
Hamilton County.............. ................
Lucas County............................ .......
Mahoning County________________
Montgomery County....... ..................
Oregon: Multnomah County............... .
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County............................. .
Berks County..................................
Montgomery County........................ .
Philadelphia (city and county)...........
South Carolina: Greenville County___
Utah: Third district________________
Virginia: Norfolk (city)_____________
Washington:
Pierce County....................... - ..........
Spokane County___ _____________
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County............
A reas
w it h l e ss t h a n
100,000
p o p u l a t io n .
80
67
100
147
91
12
2
.
50,000, less than 100,000............................
Less than 50,000_______________________
5
7
13
7
7
7
54
229
3
2
3
6
2
24
17
1
1
2
2
1
1
5
5
6
3
2
11
56
238
5
3
15
1
4
46
61
1
19
32
18
87
12
68
166
115
513
37
123
326
25
1
353
305
10
39
38
809
39
50
29
480
304
176
4
2
78
12
12
267
193
706
59
204
370
141
114
473
1
4
5
18
1,681
26
24
116
77
13
3
69
2,315
67
69
271
1,147
2
166
70
49
1
8
8
7
5
108
77
384
354
217
137
5
32
86
120
394
1
8
1
8
31
27
7
17
98
334
23
34
126
63
1
6
20
19
23
2
13
1
53
3
1
67
65
4
6
4
7
5
1
18
6
1
13
5
8
15
20
12
15
5
3
1
150
5
7
28
7
10
5
3
49
37
42
23
19
28
61
12
2
i Population according to the 1930 census.
,
,
. ,
...
„„„
s AH figures for the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or
more population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
78616°—39------7
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
94
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able X I .— Place of care of child pending hearing or disposition in dependency and
neglect cases disposed of by the courts in 1 State, 41 courts that served specified
areas with 100,000 or more population, and 18 courts that served areas with less
than 100,000 population in 1985 1
Dependency and neglect cases
Detention care overnight or
longer in specified place
No
No
report
Board
deten
as
to
Total tion
ing Deten Other Other deten
or tion
care home
tion
insti
place
of
other
family home1 tution care3 care
home
Area served by court
Total cases4
19,412
13,617
514
1,593
2,934
80
232
176
3
9
41
3
18,514
55
12,887
40
478
1,518
14
2,881
1
77
673
1,006
471
728
75
325
683
6
62
438
29
45
49
57
6
430
144
178
256
198
497
125
84
227
175
407
1
4
6
12
4
40
28
205
182
350
153
181
230
32
111
284
164
40
223
154
126
503
674
1
State total: Utah *.
A
r e a s w it h
100,000
or
hors
p o p u l a t io n .
..
Alabama: Mobile County_______________
California:
Los Angeles County__________________
San Diego County_____ ______________
San Francisco (city and county)_________
Connecticut:
Bridgeport (city)_____________________
Hartford (city)__ _______ ____________
District of Columbia....________________
Florida: Dade County__________________
Georgia: Fulton County__________ ____ _
Indiana:
Lake County________________________
Marion County______________________
Iowa: Polk County_____________________
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish________________________
Orleans Parish_______________________
Maryland: Baltimore (city)______________
Michigan:
Kent County_______ ________________
Wayne County_____________ _________
Minnesota:
Hennepin County____________________
Ramsey County______________________
New York:
Erie County_________________________
Monroe County.___ _________________
New York (city)_____________________
Rensselaer County_______________ ____
Syracuse (city)..........................................
Westchester County__________________
Ohio:
Franklin County_____________________
Hamilton County_____________________
Lucas County.._____ ________________
Mahoning County____________________
Montgomery County_________________
Oregon: Multnomah County_____________
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County_____ ______________
Berks County—____ ____________ _____
Montgomery County_________________
Philadelphia (city and county)_________
South Carolina: Greenville County_______
Utah: Third district____________________
Virginia: Norfolk (city)_________________
• Washington:
Pierce County........................... ...............
Spokane County_______________ _____r
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County___________
A
r r a s w it h l e s s t h a n
100,000
p o p u l a t i o n ____
less than 100,000__ ______________
Less than 50,000_____________ ____________
50,000,
11
74
14
50
1
6
4
11
20
1
80
21
27
5
5
18
37
26
19
5
112
494
2
1
11
8
1
335
176
237
176
68
30
147
158
3,978
88
103
383
128
100
1,878
67
70
317
14
5
4
2
56
30
5
53
2,095
21
1
10
464
305
1,302
84
332
672
356
289
1,227
71
259
579
11
2
21
2
9
56
85
13
46
8
63
13
12
1
8
3
1
23
1
649
7
91
2,194
86
136
99
303
6
73
1,846
78
93
78
17
1
71
16
242
183
191
893
898
567
331
141
132
655
730
451
279
10
2
5
19
36
23
13
18
4
8
.9
1
344
3
34
1
23
53
234
75
65
10
9
4
2
53
24
29
1
2
3
3
1
1
1Population according to the 1930 census.
1Includes cases of children cared for part of the time in detention homes and part of the time elsewhere, but
excludes cases of children also held in jails or police stations.
! Includes 17 children cared for in jail or police station (1 in New York City, 1in Milwaukee County, Wis.,
and 15in Los Angeles County, Calif.) and 63 children cared for in other places.
4All figures for the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areaswith less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
95
T a b le X I I .— Disposition of dependency and neglect cases disposed of by the courts
in 4 States, 50 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population,
and 127 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1985 1
4
p
5
> bß
U
8 * 3.9
0O*oga a.eg
►
jp
t»3
o«
fl8
a>
JÛ
a
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bo
Ct
fi ◄
&
P
Area served by court
fl8
o
b
<
D
c
as
«8
»p
£.2 O
fis
8,5
Referred O
without p
commit o
ment to—
O9
11
P
’S
Q
'S
3
2
P
V
9
P*> L
'S
bfi'0 JP
p
S <g O
Committed
to—
J&
p
03
o
p w •p-»
U4 os 'S
p
a>
■Oo 9
P
c8
o
ä
îO
>»
p
9
bß
◄
Disposition not reported
Child kept
under supervision of
under super Child not kept court
vision of court
Case held open without further
action
Dependency and neglect cases
Total cases *_______ _____ 24,019 4,003 2,175 1,177 6,191 2,266 2,632 636 1,402 952 1,103 1,481
State totals: *
Connecticut_______________
66 19
1,311
387 83 70
1,386
308
New York.............................. 8,746
232 43 21
Utah.......................................
A
r e a s w i t h io o . ooo o r m o r e p o p -
ULATION. .................. ........ .
Alabama: Mobile County..........
California:
Connecticut:
Indiana:
Marion County.....................
Louisiana:
Michigan:
Kent County..........................
Wayne County____________
Minnesota:
New York:
1 205 363 396 21 11
104 74
4
6
7
1 2,262 990 726 210 1,306
46 53
6 17
5
119 40 70
5
3
31
172 786 599
20
6 15 —
20,090 3,757 1,964 1,006 5,492 1,968 2,179 458 964 885
55
1,006
471
728
4
10
564
1
120
146 446
13
66
64
35
29
6
7
41
67
52
62
74
134
2
2
108
3
28
8
15
27
56
52
37
6
2
31
10
2
32
2
205
182
350
18
65
76
111
284
164
13
6
39
2
8
126
503
38
7
41 350
8
335
176
219
1 110
1
6
1
200
11 12 143
46 11
36
68
25
4
554 862
10 12
77 281
21 261
59 61
356
178
160
256
198
497
23
47
6
7
1
7
14
53
1
66 1
74 15
60
37
18
70 52
7 105
2
4
8
6
7 31
5
1
2
17
1
2
2
1
77
11
1
1
56
55
1
2
2 3
5 58
4
1 32
32
1 16
4
1
12
2 210
3
2
55 121
2
1
72
1
18
h
4
320
180 38
5 41 39
17
11
287
5 95 12 96
51 17
8
52
32
2
5 1
4
6
9
147
36
75
21
4
158
40 26 88
1,394 751
9
2
3,978 1,223 84
336 160 19
92
62
6
5
19
44
185
27
101
13
11
18
137 25 10
43
30
11 44
88
3
10 2 18
1
114
4
8 22 21 14
44
17
10
7
5
9 14 24 7 26 2 10
6
103
383 19 21
26 10 151
Westchester County.......... .
68 8 57 23
1 Population according to the 1930 census.
* All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areaswith less than 100,000population.
Chautauqua County..... .........
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
96
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able X I I .— Disposition of dependency and neglect cases disposed of by the courts
in 4 States, 60 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population,
and 127 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1985 — Con.
Dependency and neglect cases
A
r e a s w it h
u l a t io n
Ohio:
100,000
Disposition not reported
Case held open withou
action
of
Agency or
individual
Other disposition
case
Institution
Agency
Individual
Institution
Case dismissed or ad
justed
o r m o r e pop-
Oregon: Multnomah County__
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County..................
South Carolina: Greenville
464
305
1,302
84
332
672
7
4
137
2
107
640 513
7
01 80
2,104 304
16
4
1
00
7
3 246
1 57
10 837
36 10
1 62
37 130
07
7
64
2
53
16
50
13
1
36
1
2
0
22
18
Wisconsin: Milwaukee
County...................................
183
101
4
2
803
88
100,000
POPULATION..........................................
3,020
246
211
50,000, less than 100,000________
Less than 50,000_____________
1,501
2,338
183
63
82 156 265
120 15 434
Washington:
Pierce County..................... .
w it h
less
th an
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
60 17
186 2
20 46
16 6
47 20
24 7
14
5
3 28
7 15
6 65
8
11 73
2 112
1
3
3
22
51
4
32
6
44
40
84
2
1
810 300 653 00
86
136
00
reas
Referred
without
commit
ment to—
Committed
to—
—Continued.
Lucas County........................
A
Under temporary care
of an institution
C8
O
e
Agency or individual
supervising
Area served by court
Probation officersuper
vising
nndwmwr
Child not keptpmirf
under supervision of H3
uuuer super
vision of court
courc
3
11
18
5
44
2
17
45
10
1
3
66
10
20
42
3
13
103 350 206
0
10
3
1
5 11
5 3
1 0
2 16
1
7
24
2 20
1 22
16 46
8
24
16
17
2 22
11
23
74
5
1
43
171 600 208 453 178 438 67 540
-
610 . . . .
100 110 63 106 35 133 250
108 334 115 242 32 416 360 . . . .
97
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
CASES OF CHILDREN DISCHARGED FROM SUPERVISION, 1935
T a b le X I I I .— Reason for discharge in cases of delinquent children discharged from
supervision by the courts in 5 States, 52 courts that served specified areas with 100,000
■ or more population, and 164 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 popu
lation in 1985 1
Cases of delinquent children discharged from supervision
Total cases *..................................... 17,030 11,170
State totals: *
Connecticut_____________ _______
Indiana........ - .....................................
Michigan........................ ........ ........
New York..........................................
Utah..................................................
A reas
w it h
100,000
o r m o r e p o p u l a t io n .
778
1,254
962
1,297
2,145 1,239
3,408 2,605
705
392
13,889
9,227
359 2,250
298
8
120
73
48
96
16
61
149
242
549
54
16
50
3
794
241
1,999
257
1 ,1 0 0
188
8
246
22
18
8
*
! Reason not reported
Other reason
Whereabouts of child un
known, or child moved from
Jurisdiction of court
Child committed orreferredto
agency or individual
Child committed or referred to
institution
Conduct of child or conditions
unsatisfactory but further
supervision not advised
0
Expiration of period specified
by court
Area served by court
Conduct of child satisfactory
or conditions improved
Reason for discharge
611 1,067
175
19
67
33
30
33
164
30
161
70
87
4
Ì6Ó
500
815
56
Alabama: Mobile County....... ..........
2
17
17
37
California:
Los Angeles County_______________ 2,523 1,705
359
81 183 195
San Diego County.______________
' 113
48
10
20
16
19
1
San Francisco (city and county)____
5
28
45
619
430
12
Colorado: Denver (city and county)___
15
15
Connecticut:
Fairfield County.................................
182
13
10
2
92
4
327
17
7
1
134
12
3
6
6
Hartford (city)___________________
162
11
1
New Haven (city)_____ __________
124
18
5
8
81
District of Columbia..............................
65
4
100
27
601
223
30 152
7
9
16
8
Florida: Dade County______________
199
150
9
Indiana:
7
7
Allen County......................................
116
26
22
178
Lake County_____ _____ _________
83
64
2
5
1
2
7
2
9
1
112
143
21
11
St. Joseph County________ _______
6
86
69
Vanderburgh County.........................
52
1
2
1
33
4
8
3
2
5
2
111
69
33
11
1
Louisiana: Orleans Parish.....................
15
6
181
148
4
9
5
2
181
80
81
Michigan:
1
Qenesee County_______ __________
2
7
159
130
19
1
34
21
Ingham County__________________
12
10
29
22
4
12
Kent County................. ...................
189
61
51
1
1
3
3
Oakland County____ _____________
18
10
2
6
90
31
10 41
1
8
Wayne County!..___ ____________ 1,040
158
873
Minnesota:
Hennepin County..... ............ ............
708
563
47
7
67
15
9
1
32
5
367
329
New Jersey:
Hudson County............................... .
41
122
6
5
3
18
198
3
92
14
23
2
Mercer County...................................
131
1 Population according to the 1930 census.
! All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or
more population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
1
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
98
T ab le X III. — Reason for discharge in cases of delinquent children discharged from
supervision by the courts in 5 States, 52 courts that served specified areas with 100,000
or more population, and 164 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 popu
lation in 1985 — Continued
Cases of delinquent children discharged from supervision
Reason for discharge
co N
a
àS
».8
®
o -g
Area served by court
a
sp
!S«3 -o
l
S-0 ®
3 Qa
63
S'3
e
fl ©
a
It»»
3 C
»2« f
! °fl.î
a§ £>
8®
■ o 3s
2
os C>r
u oS0î
o
Areas
with 100,000 or more popula
tion—Continued.
New York:
67
80
Albany County__________ ________
68
»4
Broome County_____ ____________
169
208
Erie County___________ ____ _____
90
103
Monroe County__________________
New York (city)..................... .......... 1,879 1,438
29
48
Niagara County__________________
68
80
Oneida County...................................
4
8
Orange County............................. ...
34
43
Rensselaer County________________
30
42
Schenectady County_________ ____
36
41
Suffolk Countv___________________
86
120
Syracuse (city)--................................
202
268
Westchester County...........................
Ohio:
79
166
Hamilton County________________
14
38
Lucas County____________________
10
49
Montgomery County.......... .............
148
216
Oregon: Multnomah County...............
Pennsylvania:
19
20
Berks County________ ___________
126
617
Philadelphia (city and county)..........
31
67
South Carolina: Greenville County......
234
140
Utah: Third district................ .............
128
176
Virginia: Norfolk (city)_____________
618
723
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County.............
2
2
9
2
8
44
10
1
1
6
5
20
24
11
336
6
11
2
6
9
4
20
28
24
10
1
10
15
1
1
7
18
1
5
12
1
1
7
25
3
2
18
10
7
20
16
1
111
1
6
1
6
2
10
2
1
13
237
2
7
1
1
2
164
15
33
93
21
4
1
5
4
.......
4
12
26
14
22
Areas with less than 100,000population 3,141
1,943
306
118
251
41
1,573
1,568
910
1,033
151
155
58
60
147
104
24
17
50,000, less than 100,000______________
Less than 50,000____________________
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
2
4
3
1
28
2
5 ___
252
119
157
95
54
65
99
SOURCE TABLES, 19 3 5
T a b le X I V .— R e a so n f o r discharge i n cases o f d epen d en t a n d neglected children
discharged f r o m su p erv isio n b y the cou rts i n 8 S ta tes, 2 7 courts that served sp ecified
areas w ith 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 o r m ore p o p u la tio n , a n d
cou rts that served a reas w ith less
than 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 p o p u la tio n i n 1 9 8 5 1
14
Cases of dependent and neglected children discharged
from supervision
Reason for discharge
cr.
"O
ca
H
6
- 38
aj g
ös
sl
tno
Area served by court
-¡3
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33 ca
3 *-<.2
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3
O
O
State totals: *
Indiana__
New York
Utah.......
A reas
w ith
100,000 or
more population .
Alabama: Mobile County____________
California:
Los Angeles County________ _____ _
San Diego County...................... ........
San Francisco (city and county)_____
District of Columbia........... ....... ...........
Florida: Dade County_______________
Indiana: Lake County_______;_______
Iowa: Polk County_________________
Louisiana: Orleans Parish____________
Maryland: Baltimore (city)....... ..........
Michigan: Wayne County.....................
Minnesota:
Hennepin County.................. ...........
Ramsey County__________________
New York:
Monroe County.__________________
New York (c ity )..............................
Orange County..................................
Schenectady County_______________
Syracuse (city)....... .......................... .
Westchester County..... ......................
Ohio:
Lucas County____________________
Montgomery County_______ ______
Oregon: Multnomah County_________
Pennsylvania:
Berks County____________________
Philadelphia (city and county)______
South Carolina: Greenville County____
Utah: Third district............................
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County_______
3,583
1,063
01
43
783
8
615
5
26
22
3,375
1,890
843
91
69
169
138
43
15
48
178
317
56
49
22
109
8
75
10
15
149
217
65
130
38
7
696
2
1
6
14
1
560
1
1
6
5
37
3
37
18
1
15
1
231
24
101
10
120
11
2
190
100,000 population
208
73
50,000, less than 100,000__ ____________
Less than 50,000__. . . . _______ ___ . . . . .
183
25
w ith less than
368
124
2
35
381
487
103
349
470
156
17
355
13
3
14
16
25
1
307
A reas
84
S'S
-s i
al a
ao
a © 8a gs
S
3 so8?<V
T3 g Ä
Total cases: >_
,fO
'ö .S
16
37
37
1Population according to the 1930 census.
» All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or
more population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
100
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able X V .— Length of time child was under supervision in cases of delinquent
children discharged from supervision by the courts in 5 States, 52 courts that served
specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and 164 courts that served areas
with less than 100,000 population in 1985 1
Cases of delinquent children
Duration of supervision
Area served by court
Total
5,491
5,097
3,495
1,212
967
583
185
1,254
1,297
2; 145
3,408
705
593
379
382
1,077
292
445
397
724
1,258
245
160
213
520
622
106
36
109
129
209
28
14
147
116
154
15
5
52
90
88
19
184
13,889
4,368
4,129
2,947
1,063
853
476
53
37
11
11
7
4
3
1
2,523
' 113
519
845
24
244
302
19
163
750
18
64
251
24
21
226
16
20
149
12
7
Total cases »............................. 17,030
State totals:»
Connecticut.................................
Michigan................- ....................
Utah
A
100,000 o r m o r e f o p u LATION...........................................................
r e a s w it h
California:
San Francisco (city and county)..
Colorado: Denver (city and
Connecticut:
Fairfield County..........................
Indiana:
Michigan:
Minnesota:
New Jersey:
New York:
18
1 year,
2 3 years Not
6
less months, years,
Less
or
re
than
less
than 6 months,
less
less
than
more ported
months than
18
12 months
2 years than 3
15
8
2
2
2
1
327
162
124
601
199
132
37
14
130
164
99
78
77
236
30
58
31
33
123
3
24
10
10
4
3
2
56
2
32
24
178
83
143
86
52
111
181
181
14
31
92
2
40
32
37
56
19
41
42
7
12
36
140
51
20
10
6
19
16
89
1
1
24
20
2
23
20
2
31
9
1
18
9
19
5
1
6
159
34
189
18
90
1,040
6
16
70
11
1
179
55
7
85
392
86
32
36
i
12
13
3
2
228
2
96
79
66
708
367
296
63
342
98
40
112
14
42
5
35
11
17
198
131
6
12
9
117
112
28
3
26
9
7
1
1
11
51
1
8
80
25
47
9
10
7
26
29
94
13
4
33
35
27
93
208
16
4
17
7
36
23
16
103
39
16
129
840
855
1,879
11
8
5
3
18
48
3
59
2
6
10
3
80
1
4
8
3
8
25
10
43
11
3
9
4
7
8
42
1
4
36
41
13
3
14
35
13
42
120
17
25
41
80
70
35
268
Westchester County----------------i Population according to the 1930 census.
»All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or
more population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
101
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 5
T able X V .— Length of time child was under supervision in cases of delinquent
children discharged from supervision by the courts in 5 States, 52 courts that served
specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and 164 courts that served areas
with less than 100,000 population in 1935 — Continued
Cases of delinquent children
Duration of supervision
Area served by court
Total
A r ia s
w ith
100,000
1 year,
18
2 3 years Not
6
less months, years,
Less
than
less
or
re
than 6 months,
less
less
than
months than
18
12 months 2 years than 3 more ported
o r m o re popu
lation —Continued.
Ohio:
Hamilton County........................
Lucas County________________
Montgomery County...................
Oregon: Multnomah County..........
Pennsylvania:
Berks County................ - .......
Philadelphia (city and county)__
South Carolina: Greenville County
Utah: Third district.......................
Virginia: Norfolk (city)..................
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County......
A reas
with less than 100,000 popu
latio n . . . . . ......................................
60,000, less than 100,000.................. .
Less than 60,000____________ _—
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
6
166
38
49
216
64
28
16
146
60
6
10
36
31
2
6
19
15
1
6
9
10
1
5
3
20
3
369
26
79
13
10
43
10
22
73
235
10
7
19
35
127
6
102
6
188
23
87
27
172
8
23
64
2
11
1
19
6
23
3,141
1, 123
968
648
149
114
107
132
1,673
605
618
665
413
257
291
72
77
72
42
76
31
36
96
617
67
234
176
723
1,668
7
3
102
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able X V I. — Length o f time child was under supervision in cases of dependent and
neglected children discharged from supervision by the courts in 8 States, 14 courts
that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and 27 courts that
served areas with less than 100,000 population in 19351
Cases of dependent and neglected children discharged
from supervision
Duration of supervision
Area served by court
Total
6
1 year,
2
18
3
Less
less months, years, years
than 6 months,
than
18
less
less
than
less
or
months than 12 months 2 years
than3 more
Total cases*______________ _________
3,683
1,481
675
346
State totals: *
Indiana..........................-.........................New York.... ................................ ...........Utah............- .................. - .................. —
43
783
26
417
2
1
1
17
3
15
4
13
8
7
269
4
5
52
22
o r m ore population __
3,375
1,429
645
320
254
306
421
Alabama: Mobile County......... - .................
California:
Los Angeles County............... - ................
San Diego County........................ ............
San Francisco (city and county)...............
District of Columbia........ .......... ..............-
2
2
843
91
69
169
138
43
120
15
48
178
459
17
17
18
106
26
8
4
8
34
97
67
10
11
47
19
9
26
46
5
127
29
217
65
A reas
with
100,000
Indiana: Lake County_______ _____ _____
Iowa: Polk County.......................... - .........
Louisiana: Orleans Parish_____ _________
Maryland: Baltimore (city).........................
Michigan: Wayne County---------------------Minnesota:
Hennepin County------------------------------Ramsey County........................................
New York:
19
47
18
7
10
10
5
15
10
5
6
273
1
2
27
321
11
487
2
2
8
31
32
41
29
4
3
1
2
27
1
8
8
51
8
41
14
7
696
4
384
254
1
6
14
5
5
2
37
3
37
34
2
13
3
1
10
8
2
Philadelphia (city and county).................
South Carolina: Greenville County............
Utah: Third district________ ___________
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County__________
1
231
24
11
307
98
4
5
117
42
6
1
29
28
2
13
3
37
37
12
7
3
53
100,000 population . ..
208
52
30
26
19
15
66
60,000, less than 100,000........ ........................
Less than 60,000..................................... —
183
25
45
7
26
4
18
8
17
2
14
1
63
3
Orange County.... .....................................
Schenectady County........ -.................—
Syracuse (city).........................................
Ohio:
Lucas County......................... -.......... ......
Montgomery'County________ -...............
OregonfMultnomah County.......................
Pennsylvania:
A reas
with less than
2
6
ii
16
27
11
66
53
11
15
9
29
18
28
5
1
41
2
11
2
1
1
2
3
2
1
3
1
38
2
2
34
1Population according to the 1930 census.
*All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or
more population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T able I a .— Number of boys* and girls' delinquency, dependency and neglect, and
special-proceedings cases disposed of, and number of cases of children discharged
from supervision by courts in 7 States, by 78 courts that served specified areas with
100.000 or more population, and by 806 courts that served areas with less than
100.000 population in 1986 1
of children
Dependency and Special-proceed Cases
discharged from
neglect cases
ings cases
supervision
Delinquency
cases
Area served by court
Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls To
tal Boys Girls Total Boys Girls
63,320 53,485 9,835 23,599 12,041 11,558 1,317
State totals:8
Utah ___
A
100,000 o r m o r e
POPULATION...............................
3,868
3,793
5,065
5,227
9,580
653
1,964
548 769 820,808 15,777 5,031
2
2
747 677 70
3,428 440 1,493 777 716
1 1,376 994 382
2
1
2,709 1,084 369 196 173
4,624 ' 441
1
1 2,377 1,996 381
4,469 758 855 444 411
8,187 1,393 8,344 4,243 4,101 518 210 308 4,212 3,502 710
591 62
1
6
724 608 116
1,655 309 222 105 117
5
r e a s w it h
Alabama: Mobile County
California:
Los Angeles County (Los
Angeles)—. ..................
San Diego County (San
San Francisco (city and
county)________ _____
Connecticut:
Fairfield County (Bridge-
52,561 44,545 8,016 19,581 10,055 9,526 1,205
518 687 17,322 13,032 4,290
16
9
7
2,452 1,892
560 1,184
653
531
1,547 1,288
259
558
272
286
79
41
38
164
103
434
155
727
366
361
19
10
9
517
316 201
1,213 1,092
‘ 553 489
202 166
121
64
36
549
136
157
291
74
83
258
62
74
136
589
112
24
23
20
3
3,962 2,806 1,156
61
2
125
2
97 28
85
4
81
District of Columbia (Washington)________________ 1,474 1,282 192 257 151 106
872 699 173
Florida: Dade County
605 489 116
Georgia: Fulton County
( Atlanta) ..............
1,216 1,015 201 385 173 212 27
8 19
«
Indiana:4
Allen County (Fort
Wayne)_____________
134
53 81
Lake County (Gary).......
288 215 73
1
19
52
25
27
1
17
2
Marion County (Indian1
apolis)—........................ 1,035 755 280 317 171 146
1
218 175 43
St. Joseph County (South
Bend)...........................
383 301 82
Vanderburgh County
(Evansville)..................
319 222 97
41 11
52
Iowa: Polk County (Des
Moines)_________ _____
330 298 32 296 150 146
134
93 41
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish (Shreveport)____________ ___
2
296 235 61 163
81
82 17
9
11
9
8
Orleans Parish (New Or1,009 903 106 288 152 136
leans).........................
1
1
198 187 11
Maryland: Baltimore (city). 2,626 2,346 280
1Population according to the 1930 census.
8All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or
more population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
8Includes 16,715 delinquency cases, 4,069 dependency and neglect cases, and 24 other cases.
4 Massachusetts, Indiana (except 2 courts reporting individually), Michigan (except 3 courts reporting
individually), and Rhode Island reported only delinquency cases.
105
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
106
JUVEIsTILE-COURT STATISTICS
T a b le I a .— Number of boys' and girls’ delinquency, dependency and neglect, and
special-proceedings cases disposed of, and number of cases of children discharged
from supervision by courts in 7 States, by 78 courts that served specified areas
with 100,000 or more population, and by 806 courts that served areas with less than
100,000 population in 1986 — Continued
Delinquency
cases
Dependency and Special-proceed
neglect cases
ings cases
Area served by court
Cases of children
discharged from
supervision
Tota Boys Girls Total Boys Girls To Boys Girls Total Boys Girls
tal
A reas
w ith
100,000 o r
more
population —Continued.
Massachusetts: 4
Boston:
Boston (central section).
SIS 444
Brighton_____________
31
31
Charlestown___ ____
03
89
Dorchester__________
131
12 i
East Boston_________
222
212
Roxbury........................
345 31(
South Boston................
144
136
West Roxbury..............
131
12t
Second district of Bristol
(Fall River)...............
179 167
Third district of Bristol
(New Bedford)..............
103 181
Lawrence district (Lawrence)... ........................
7«
71
Southern Essex district
(Lynn) ......................
114 105
S p r in g fie ld district
(Springfield).................
255 220
First district of Eastern
Middlesex (Medford)...
151 140
Third district of Eastern
Middlesex (Cambridge).
245 221
Lowell district (Lowell)...
130 121
Somerville district (Somerville)......... ........
84
75
East Norfolk district
(Quincy).......................
126 110
Central district of Worcester (Worcester)....... .
300 261
Michigan: 4
Oenesee County (Flint)..
420 315
Ingham County (Lan£1
sing)...........................
53
Kent County (Grand
Rapids).....................
476 411
Oakland County (Pontiac)..... ..................
253 230
Saginaw County (Saginaw)..............
210
185
Wayne County (Detroit). 2,167 1 ,0 0 0
Minnesota: H ennepin
' County (Minneapolis’)___ 1,048 878
New Jersey: Hudson County (Jersey City)...............
464 388
New York:
Albany County (Albany).
502 385
Broome County (Binghamton).....................
140 120
Chautauqua County
(Jamestown)___ _____
151 141
Dutchess County (Poughkeepsie).................
74
60
Erie County (Buffalo)___
708 726
Monroe County (Rochester)_______________
161 143
New York (city)______
5,127 4,433
Niagara County (Niagara
Falls)....................
114
08
Oneida County (Utica)...
268 227
Orange County (Newburgh)...........................
26
24
Rensselaer County (Troy)
221
174
Schenectady Countv
, (Schenectady)...............
123 108
Suffolk County (Patchogue)..........................
84
76
Syracuse (city).................
235 187
75
10
26
12
12
26
11
24
18
0
16
30
114
147
114
2
50
52
186
154
32
77
60
8
040
163
65
208
06
112
23
34
177
560
307
253
170
310
167
152
117
345
185
160
17
20
250
128
131
2
10
60
40
20
7
14
72
367
114
104
56
173
58
18 148
82
66
604 3,035 1,568 1,467
1
1
76
1 ,112
33
832
500 242
117
117
10
91
81
10
2
68
65
3
1
6
1
5
31
g
5
36
128
31
4
23
206
144
152 2, 702 2,181
521
7
16
41
50
160
31
03
10
76
3
13
4
e
121
117
4
2
47
182
85
46
2
1
1
102
07
56
31
45
23
40
3
5
15
112
52
60
45
43
8
140
117
65
56
75
611
118
107
48
2
3
2
32
32
h
* Massachusetts, Indiana (except 2 courts reporting individually), Michigan (except 3 courts reporting
individually), and Rhode Island reported only delinquency cases.
v 6
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
107
SOURCE TABLES, 19S6
T able I a .— Number of boys’ and girls’ delinquency, dependency and neglect, and
special-proceedings cases disposed of, and number of cases of children discharged
from supervision by courts in 7 States, by 78 courts that served specified areas
with 100,000 or more population, and by 806 courts that served areas with less than
100,000 population in 1936 — Continued
Cases of children
Dependency and Special-proceed discharged from
ings cases
neglect cases
supervision
Delinquency
cases
Area served by court
To
Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls tal Boys Girls Total Boys Girls
Areas ■with 100,000 or more
population—Continued.
New York—Continued.
Westchester County
(Yonkers)__ - ________
Ohio:
Franklin County (Colum
bus).._________ _____
Hamilton County (Cin
cinnati).'_____________
Lucas County (Toledo)—.
M ahoning C ou n ty
(Youngstown)...............
Montgomery County
(Dayton)________ ____
Oregon: Multnomah County
(Portland)_____________
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County (Pitts
burgh)..........................
Berks County (Reading).
Montgomery County
(Norristown)-------------Philadelphia (city and
county)........ .................
Rhode Island: Sixth dis
trict (Providence)4--------South Carolina: Greenville
County (Greenville)____
Utah: Third district (Salt
Lake City)____________
Virginia: Norfolk (city)----Washington:
Pierce County (Tacoma).
Spokane County (Spo
sane)________________
Wisconsin: Milwaukee
County (Milwaukee)____
A
100,000
POPULATION_________________
r e a s w it h l e s s t h a n
337
289
2,531 2,006
1,074 824
449
833
395
642
36
36
230
189
41
252
515
3
36
2
16
1
20
219
179
193
106
26
73
3
2
205
203
40ft
200
208
525 459
250 1,017
207
502
54
191
1,068
875
193
94
76
18
4,688 4,157
72
408
48
73
39
34
6
333
174
159
1
1
168
136
32
658
318
340
4
3
1
426
337
89
711
383
14
328
9
5
41
7
24
4
17
3
13
10
3
65
31
34
133 260
1,070
531 2,487 1,286 1,181
393
770 300
227
18
120
29
87
34
53
18
11
7
125
110
15
846
636
716 131
540 96
65
138
35
65
30
73
3
4
2
2
1
2
366
177
302
157
64
20
198
140
58
152
57
95
17
12
5
632
519
113
188
93
95
15
8
7
3,362 2,902
460
957
509
448
60
28
32
1,813 1,011
802
10,759 8,940 1,819 4,018 1,986 2,032
112
30
82 3,436 2,745
741
711 1,693 837 856
637 2,325 1,149 1,176
70
42
24
6
46
36
1,337 1,065
1,062 919
272
143
1,087
326
149
60,000, less than 100,000____ 4,555 3,844
Less than 50,000..__ ______ 4,570 3,933
Population group not re
ported 5_______________ 1,634 1,163
471
761
4 Massachusetts, Indiana (except 2 courts reporting individually), Michigan (except 3 courts reporting
individually), and Rhode Island reported only delinquency cases.
j Areas in Indiana with less than 100,000 population but population group not specified.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
108
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T ab le I b .— Number of delinquency, dependency and neglect, and special-proceed
ings cases disposed of, and number of cases of children discharged from supervision
by 306 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1936 1
Area served by court
Total.....................
Connecticut:
Ansonia (city)..........
Berlin (town)............
Bozrah (town)_____
Branford (town).......
Bristol (city)..........
Clinton (town)__
Columbia (town)2 .
Derby (city).........
East Hartford (town)...
East Haven (town)..
East Windsor (town)2
Ellington (town)......
Enfield (town)__
Glastonbury (town)...
Granby (town)____
Griswold (town)__
Groton (town)
Guilford (town) 2._
Hamden (town)...
Killingsworth (town).
Lebanon (town)__
Madison (town)__
Manchester (town)__
Meriden (city)......
Middlefleld (town)2
Middletown (city)
Milford (town)...
Montville (town).. .
Naugatuck (town)2. .
Naugatuck (borough)...
New Britain (city).
New London (city)__
Niantic (borough)__
Norfolk (town)...
North Stonington (town)__
Norwich (city)__
Plainville (town). .
Plymouth (town)...
Portland (town)..
Rockville (city)...
Rocky Hill (town)......
Saybrook (town)..
Seymour (town)___
Sharon (town)........
Southington (town)__
South Windsor (town)..
Stafford Springs (borough)___
Stonington (town)...........
Suffield (town)......
Thomaston (town)__
Torrington (city)....................
Voluntown (town)
Wallingford (borough)
Wallingford (town)2..................
Washington (town)___
Waterbury (city)..........
Waterford (town)__
Watertown (town)____
Wethersfield (town)—. .
Westbrook (town)___
West Hartford (town)___
West Haven (town)...............
Willington (town)2......
Winchester (town)................
Windham (county)__
Windsor (town).........
Windsor Locks (town)___
Woodbury (town)........................
Delinq uency
cases
Cases of
Depend Special- children
ency
dis
proceed
and
charged
ings
neglect
from
cases
cases
super
vision
10,759
4,018
2
17
6
1
4
69
i
1
34
99
33
1
1
69
6
1
3
5
6
78
40
8
i
13
288
135
1
63
12
i
2
1
10
1
1
37
3
23
3
43
1
45
2
333
1
6
207
49
15
139
1
1
60
1
7
5
13
16
1
4
4
1
6
1
1
7
16
22
e
20
xi
12
4
17
50
48
112
3,486
1
68
11
15
4
1
2
1
56
7
4
42
42
6
1
34
2
2
49
9
6
1
10
11
5
11
1
2
4
5
12
2
4
3
5
30
5
67
4
1
1
5
3
19
127
6
59
12
21
1
1
10
8
5
4
1Population according to the 1930 census.
2Oases are for the area specified although the probate court serving this area and dealing with dependency
and neglect cases has jurisdiction over a wider territory.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
109
SOURCE TABLES, 1936
T a b le I b .— Number of delinquency, dependency and neglect, and special-proceed
ings cases disposed of, and number of cases of children discharged from supervision
by S06 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1936 — Con.
Area served by court
Illinois: Rock Island County_____________________
Indiana: 66 courts (not reported separately)................
Iowa: Johnson County__________________________
Massachusetts: 64 courts (not reported separately)____
Michigan:
Alcona County_____________________________
Alger County______________________________
Allegan County____________________________
Alpena County_______ ____________ _______...
Antrim County_____________________________
Arenac County_____________________________
Baraga County....................................................
Barry County......................................................
Bay County.................. ......................................
Benzie County_____________________________
Berrien County_________________ ___ _______
Branch County........... .......................................
Calhoun County____________________________
Cass County____________________ ___________
Charlevoix County_______________________ —
Cheboygan County__________________ ______
Chippewa County................................................
Clare County________________________ K ____
Clinton County__________________ _____ ____
Crawford County......... .......................................
Delta County............ ............................ ..............
Dickinson County...............................................
Eaton County_______________ ______ _______
Emmett County____________________________
Gladwin County...... ........ ...................................
Gogebic County.................................................. .
Grand Traverse County........................................
Gratiot County______________ ___________ ...
Hillsdale County................................................. .
Houghton County_________________________ _
Huron County............ ........................................ .
Ionia County.................................................. —
Iosco County.................... ................... - ........ —
Iron County.................. ......... ........................... .
Isabella County...... ............................................ .
Jackson County____________________________
Kalamazoo County...............................................
Kalkaska County................................................
Lapeer County............. ........................................
Leelanau County.................................................
Lenawee County_____________________ ____ Livingston County__________________________
Luce County................ ............ .................. .......
Mackinac County.................................... — .......
Macomb County______________________ ____
Manistee County...............................................
Marquette County... ........... ............ .. ...............
Mecosta County...... ...........................................
Midland County............................................... .
Missaukee County................... ...........................
Monroe County____________________________
Montcalm County...............................................
Montmorency County......... ...................... ........
Muskegon County___________________ _____ _
Newaygo County.................. ..............................
Oceana County....................................................
Ogemaw County____________ ______ ______ ..
Ontonagon County... ...........................................
Osceola County...............................................
Otsego County________________ ______ ----------Ottawa County__ .'.............................................
Presque Isle County............................................
Roscommon County...... .....................................
St. Clair County... ..............................................
St. Joseph County...............................................
Sanilac County____________________________
Schoolcraft County........................................... .
78616°—39----- 8
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Delin
quency
cases
8
1,634
61
1,566
Cases of
Depend Special- children
ency
dis
proceed charged
and
ings
neglect
from
cases
cases
super
vision
40
58'
59
1,087
13
6
16
16
13
15
4
2
1
12
20
11
7
34
36
3
13
2
34
3
7
3
9
9
4
6
18
7
1
8
103
7
48
10
6
8
18
9
4
13
25
10
9
3
10
1
29
7
21
2
23
44
28
1
1
9
4
21
14
1
19
18
144
18
4
11
3
100
10
1
10
2
6
3
32
1
20
5
10
1
36
82
10
11
6
37
6
44
4
46
21
1
14
14
6
4
224
10
19
11
8
9
5
16
8
7
87
18
21
4
87
39
2
3
7
1
2
11
3
51
5
2
7
110
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able I b .— Number of delinquency, dependency and neglect, and special-proceed
ings cases disposed of, and number of cases of children discharged from supervision
by 806 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1936 — Con.
Area served by court
Michigan— Continued.
Shiawassee County_________
Van Buren County_________
Washtenaw County_________
Wexford County____________
New York:
Allegany County___________
Cayuga County......... ..........
Chemung County...................
Chenango County__________
Clinton County____ "._______
Columbia County__________
Cortland County___________
Delaware County___________
Essex County______________
Franklin County___________
Fulton County_____________
Greene County_____________
Hamilton County___________
Herkimer County...... .............
Jefferson County____________
Lewis County______________
Madison County____________
Ontario County____________
Orleans County_____________
Oswego County...... ................
Otsego County...... ........ .........
Rockland County___________
St. Lawrence County________
Saratoga County____________
Schoharie County___ _______
Schuyler County____________
Seneca County__________ ....
Sullivan County____________
Tioga County.......... ............ .
Tompkins County__________
Ulster County________ _____
Warren County.......................
Washington County.................
Wayne County_______ _____
Yates County.:_____________
North Carolina: Buncombe County.
Ohio:
Allen County__________ ___
Lake County..____________ _
Rhode Island:
First district_______________
Second district______________
Third district____ __________
Fourth district_______ ______
Fifth district_______________
Seventh district_____________
Eighth district_____________
Ninth district.........................
Tenth district...................
Eleventh district.....................
Twelfth district____ ____ ___
Utah:
First district________________
Second district______________
Fourth district........................ .
Fifth district............ ...............
Sixth district_______________
Seventh district................. .......
Eighth district______________
Virginia: Danville (city)...:______
Wisconsin: Kenosha County______
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Delin
quency
cases
Cases of
Depend Special- children
ency
dis
proceed
and
charged
ings
neglect
from
cases
cases
super
vision
47
34
40
15
19
21
97
30
12
49
16
14
34
26
21
8
10
7
5
15
91
133
11
18
84
4
80
36
31
66
10
8
10
13
12
26
36
43
127
20
6
2
167
86
101
62
66
44
159
48
81
183
87
23
14
18
203
86
26
104
64
15
82
110
66
244
102
36
38
16
10
62
203
66
133
59
15
15
104
2
4
5
4
5
9
2
37
159
516
92
46
63
4
25
5
3
110
20
3
2
2
7
2
2
4
1
1
4
2
1
6
1
7
5
5
1
16
i
63
6
78
3
4
11
26
41
10
9
25
42
8
27
•25
3
7
11
25
6
48
8
1
64
26
17
100
6
84
29
36
170
354
215
108
142
81
. 48
362
87
12
5
7
•51
44
24
141
50
61
51
12
19
22
69
Ill
SOURCE TABLES, 1936
DELINQUENCY CASES, 1936
T able I I a .— Age under which juvenile court has original jurisdiction and age
when referred to court of boys dealt with in delinquency cases disposed of by the
courts in 7 States, 78 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more popu
lation, and 280 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1986 1
Area served by court
Boys’ delinquency cases
Age
under
Age of boy when referred to court
which
luvenile
court
has Total Un
12
18 Age
10
14
original
17 years not
der years, years, years, 16
re
juris
10 under under under years years and port
diction
over ed
14
16
years 12
State totals:3
Connecticut.................................
Michigan.... ............ —................
New York..................................
Utah
- __
-
_______ ____
San Francisco (city and county).
Connecticut:
Indiana:
Iowa: Polk County........................
Louisiana:
Orleans Parish.............................
Maryland: Baltimore (city)......... Massachusetts:
Boston:
Boston (central section)........ .
402
14
27
9
1
84
12
11
1
4
331
11
70
57
73
44,545 2,202 5,379 10,158 18,441 5,212 2,759
251
3,428
2,709
4,624
4,469
8,187
3 16
591
18 1,655
16
16
17
17
16
A reas w ith 100,000 or more popu LATION................................................
Alabama: Mobile County..............
California:
Los Angeles County...................
268
53,486 2,789 6,484 12,276 21,928 6,267 3,071
Total cases *.............................
354
200
186
114
416
10
59
8
15
23
49
7
4
1
5
21 1,892
21 1,288
21 '434
31
45
102
75
23
249
151
64
605
363
136
400
275
94
387
341
93
88
38
15
30
16 1,092
16 489
16 166
17 1,282
17 489
16 1,015
81
63
7
63
21
57
190
339
149
34
328
110
344
412
163
101
466
190
429
49
12
2
9
14
266
98
26
2
6
28
104
373
115
37
47
13
58
228
79
59
49
111
89
5
57
32
4
3
47
218
31
117
408
53
228
666
93
318
844
44
163
147
3
22
53
7
10
1
3C
33
2
75
5
19
27
41
73
33
26
43
204
If
47
48
69
150
57
52
56
78
27
41
95
102
14
17
30
26
76
35
26
38
34
20
20
60
li
16
16
16
16
18
53
215
755
soi
222
298
17 235
17 903
16 2,346
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
444
37
89
129
212
319
136
129
167
9
17
7
38
101
51
43
52
10
17
11
24
14(
15
27
20
If
4
43
1
1
8
1
1
8
1
4
12
17
18
27
55
i
31
65
3i
2(
10
3'
24
71
53
6$
31
5
229
22]
19
52
12
7
1C
71
i;
16
156
63
158
4
105
i;
98
15
181
First district of eastern Middle-
143
112
16
17
Third district of eastern Middle-
63
587 1,016 1,301
123
389 722 1,247
437 962 \, 873 1,166
472 1,021 1, 959 '820
972 2,115 4,489 123
74 162 272
128 258 492 376
3
17 121
Lowell district..--------------------i Population according to the 1930 census.
.
...
^
* All figuresfor the Statesfor which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
112
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T ab le II a .— Age under which juvenile court has original jurisdiction and age
when referred to court of hoys dealt with in delinquency cases disposed of by the
courts in 7 States, 78 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more popu
lation, and 280 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1986 —
Continued
Area served by court
100,000 ok m o k e popu
lation—Continued.
Massachusetts—Continued.
Somerville district____________
East Norfolk district__________
Central district of Worcester___
Michigan:
Genesee County___________. ...
Ingham County______________
Kent County_______ _________
Oakland County______________
Saginaw County_____ ____ ____
Wayne County_______________
Minnesota: Hennepin County____
New Jersey: Hudson County____
New York:
Albany County_______________
Broome County______________
Chautauqua County__________
Dutchess County..___________
Erie County_________________
Monroe County______________
New York (city)____ _________
Niagara County______________
Oneida County_______________
OrangeCounty............................
Rensselaer County____________
Schenectady County__________
Suffolk County_______________
Syracuse (city)...................... ......
Westchester County___________
Ohio:
Franklin County_____________
Hamilton County...__________
Lucas County________________
Mahoning County____________
Montgomery County....... ..........
Oregon: Multnomah County_____
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County.................. ...
Berks County________________
Montgomery County__________
Philadelphia (city and county)..
Rhode Island: Sixth district______
South Carolina: Greenville County.
Utah: Third district____________
Virginia: Norfolk (city)..................
Washington:
Pierce County________________
Spokane County.________
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County___
A
Boys’ delinquency cases
Age
under
which
Age of boy when referred to court
juvenile
court
has
Un
10
12
14
18 Age
origina
years years, years, 16
17 years not
juris Total der
re
10
under
under
under
years
years
and
diction
years 12
14
16
over port
ed
r e a s w it h
AR EA S WITH LESS THAN 100,000 POPU
LATION________________ _____________
50,000, less than 100,000...................
Less than 50,000________________
Population group not reported4___
17
li
i;
75
11(
26]
17 315
51
17
17 411
230
17
17 185
17 1,990
18 878
16 388
16 385
16 129
16 141
60
16
16 726
16 143
16 4,433
98
16
16 227
24
16
16 174
16 108
76
16
16 187
16 289
18 1,144
18 2,006
18 824
18 395
18 642
18 875
16 773
16
76
79
16
16 4,157
* 16 227
16 120
18 715
18 540
]
5
5
U
19
24
56
31
51
125
24
25
69
4
18
15
26
15
235
51
60
58
9
76
55
37
500
138
104
137
24
156
134
80
885
309
194
25
50
23
24
78
28
30
6
21
200
207
65
60
27
402
80
2,594
46
135
16
76
67
35
107
145
1
12
18
5
27
2
184
9
7
1
7
3
2
12
15
46
87
48
1
84
17
44
463 1,133
12
31
20
60
3
4
16
39
22
25
9
29
24
44
32
69
146
279
94
39
67
87
236
405
162
43
126
9
201
12
1
10
1
39
28
251
16
26
662
40
15
59
21
66
66
135
148
29
1,094
64
44
98
89
1«
_
29 _
56
87
16
83
40
49
341
183
4
3
1
10
182
25
1
9
1
11
2
51
5
2
1
5
36
1
1
22
3
2
422
594
289
158
232
320
155
321
135
84
135
305
4
165
47
60
114
360
51
39
27
3
12
1
102
88
1
14
7
1
1
5
7
2
6
4
105
41
192
173
7
2
3
178
113
1
158
76
4
2
54
167
836
32
96
471
13
98
487
1
1
22
8,940
587 1,105 2,118 3,487 1,055
312
17
259
3,844
3,933
1,163
231
280
76
131
155
26
9
82
177
18 140
18 519
18 2,902
1
9
24
200
11
37
335
492
458
155
20
96
551
2 ,1 2 2
923 1,502
910 1,469
285 516
474
476
105
19
17
8
s Courts have jurisdiction over juvenile delinquents under 16 years of age and over wayward children
under 18 years of age.
4 Areas in Indiana with less than 100,000 population but population group not specified.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
113
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 6
T able I I b .— Age under which juvenile court has original jurisdiction and age
when referred to court of girls dealt with in delinquency cases disposed of by the
courts in 7 States, 78 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more popu
lation, and 2J+9 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1986 1
Area served by court
Girls’ delinquency cases
Age
under
which
juvenile
Age of girl when referred to court
court
has
origi Total Un
12
14
1»
18
Age
nal
der years, years, years, 16
17 years not
juris
10 under under under years years and
re
diction
years 12
14
over ported
10
State totals: *
Connecticut...
Indiana_____
Massachusetts.
Michigan___ _
New York___
Rhode Island.
Utah________
A reas
with 100,000 o r more popu
lation . . . . . ................................... .
32
21
8
11
50
10
8,016
203
41
56
20
34
99
3
19
91
160
74
117
287
12
30
220
511
227
381
883
14
117
0
212
112
184
45
1
120
1
4
.............
5
4
3 .........
87
45
1
412 1,362 3,853 1,326
745
79
45
22
26
33
36
1
8
16
24
5
Alabama: Mobile County.
10
California:
21
560
2
11
1
48 208 155 125
Los Angeles County___
10
99
21
259
14
15
28
San Diego County_______
40
51
12
21
155
3
8
San Francisco (city and county).
56
40
31
17
Connecticut:
2
7
1
1
16 121
14
26
Fairfield County_____________
70
16
64
4
2
7
18
Hartford (city).................. .......
33
3
1
32
16
36
New Haven (city)___________
1
17 192
District of Columbia.....................
93
6
6
43
43
4
17 116
2
59
5
19
Florida: Dade County__________
27
1
7
16 201
15
64 112
2
Georgia: Fulton County...............
Indiana:
12
34
12
2
4
17
18
81
Allen County.............................
9
2
7
38
17
18
Lake County...........................
73
42 113
72
32
18 280
8
11
2
Marion County______________
82
5
43
13
16
18
5
St. Joseph County.....................
57
97
11
18
3
16
8
2
Vanderburgh County_________
14
32
8
18
3
7
Iowa: Polk County____________
Louisiana:
17
61
1
4
31
15
10
Caddo Parish_______________
1
17 106
14
21
45
19
6
Orleans Parish_______________
16 280
25
127
8
8
86
Maryland: Baltimore (city).........
26
Massachusetts:
Boston:
17
75
12
Boston (central section)..........
6
36
21
1
1
17
Brighton________________ _
1
17
4
Charlestown_______________
3
17
9
Dorchester_____ ___________
6
3
17
East Boston_______________
1
1
5
3
10
17
4
Roxbury_____________ _____
4
26
18
1
South Boston______________
17
3
4
8
17
West Roxbury........................
7
9
2
1
17
2
4
Second district of Bristol______
5
12
1
17
12
Third district of Bristol.............
8
3
1
Ì
17
1
2
5
Lawrence district____________
1
17
9
1
1
Southern Essex district.... .........
6
17
Springfield district.....................
9
6
26
3
8
First district of eastern Middle
11
sex...........................................
17
2
3
6
Third district of eastern Middle
1
24
sex........ ............... ..................
17
13
10
11
17
18
1
Lowell district....... .. '.. .............
3
3
1
17
9
3
5
Somerville district___________
1
2
17
1
8
16
4
Eastern Norfolk district_______
1
17
39
3
5
Central district of Worcester___
20
10
>Population according to the 1930 census.
9 All figures for the States for which totals are given, are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or
more population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
* Courts have jurisdiction over juvenile delinquents under 16 years of age and over wayward children
under 18 years of age.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
114
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able I I b .— Age under which juvenile court has original jurisdiction and age
when referred to court o f girls dealt with in delinquency cases disposed of by the
courts in 7 States, 78 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more popu
lation, and $49 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1986 —
Continued
Area served by court
Girls’ delinquency cases
Age
under
which
juvenile
court
Age of girl when referred to court
hds
origi Total Un
10
12
14
18
Age
nal
der years, years, years, 16
17 years not
juris
10
under under under years years and
re
diction
years 12
14
16
over ported
A reas
w ith
100,000
or m ore popu -
lation —Continued.
Michigan:
Oenesee County _...................
Ingham County......................
Kent County___________
Oakland County____ ____
Saginaw County______
Wayne County...............
Minnesota: Hennepin County__
New Jersey: Hudson Countv____
New York:
Albany County.......................
Broome County....................
Chautauqua County..........
Dutchess County....... ..........
Erie County.......................
Monroe County.............
New York (city)_________
Niagara County.................
Oneida County...................
Orange County...............
Rensselaer County___ _
Schenectady Countv___
Suffolk County............ .
Syracuse (city)......................
Westchester County.............
Ohio:
Franklin County______
Hamilton County________
Lucas County......................
Mahoning County .
Montgomery County.
Oregon: Multnomah County
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County.............
Berks County......... .............
Montgomery County..
Philadelphia (city and county)..
Rhode Island: Sixth district. .
South Carolina: Greenville
County.......................
Utah: Third district______
Virginia: Norfolk (citv)________
Washington:
Pierce County..........................
Spokane County.....................
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County__
A reas w ith less th an 100,000 popu LATION............................
50,000, less than 100,000...............
Less than 50,000... I_____
Population group not reported
*
17
17
17
17
17
17
18
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
114
1
4
21
56
65
23
34
177
170
76
3
9
13
2
3
19
17
117
8
1
2
20
10
14
72
18
694
16
41
1
4
3
16
2
47
15
8
48
48
18
18
18
18
18
18
235
525
250
54
191
193
16
16
16
16
* 16
127
18
13
531
18
16
18
18
29
131
96
18
18
18
58
113
460
2
2
1
6
2
18
16
2
12
5
1
1
2
3
1
23
7
57
154
2
6
4
12
8
15
17
12
100
64
57
45
17
451
1
3
3
3
13
26
5
2
7
12
43
110
11
28
27
199
118
26
81
72
4
6
2
22
45
127
9
5
337
1
6
4
8
12
15
51
21
6
8
1
2
15
1
15
74
10
44
123
41
13
45
38
23
2
21
28
7
1
6
12
3
Q
18
6
21
18
62
26
48
123
14
24
116
1,819
73
117
325
841
267
95
711
037
471
33
29
31
83
226
77
43
2
2
2
11
3
18
35
38
23
7
4
97
57
Areas in Indiana with less than 100,000 population but population group not specified.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1
7
19
15
4
13
113
7
2
2
30
32
79
46
7
4
6
40
1
9
36
9
13
4
15
53
40
10
7
7
3
3
29
70
2
6
1
3
1
3
1
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 6
115
III a .— Color, nativity, and parent nativity of boys dealt with in delinquency
cases disposed of by the courts in 1 State, 45 courts that served specified areas with
100,000 or more population, and 19 courts that served areas with less than 100,000
population in 1986 1
T able
Boys’ delinquency cases
White boys
Area served by court
Total
Total cases *_____________
State total: Utah*.... ..........
A bbas
w ith
100,000
Native,
Native, foreign
native
or
Total
par mixed
entage par
entage
Native,
par For Na
entage eign- tivity
not re bom not re
ported
ported
41,535
31,338
18,882
10,570
910
562
1,655
1,647
1,417
215
9
6
39,177 29,243
112
56
17,006
56
10,369
896
558
54
414
Col
ored
boys
10,197
—
8
or m ore popula -
TION...................................
Alabama: Mobile County........
California:
Los Angeles County... ...............
San Diego County______
San Francisco (city and county)__
Connecticut:
Fairfield County...................
Hartford (city)....... .........
District of Columbia....... ......
Florida: Dade County__
Georgia: Fulton County________
Indiana:
Allen County___________
Lake County__________
Marion County_____
St. Joseph County___ _
Vanderburgh County_____
Iowa: Polk County_____
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish__________
Orleans Parish.... .........
Maryland: Baltimore (city)___
Michigan:
Kent County...... ....... .......
Oakland County______
Wayne County..............
Minnesota: Hennepin County..
New Jersey: Hudson County. .. .
New York:
Erie County.... ...........
Monroe County___
New York (city)______
Rensselaer County....... .......
Syracuse (city)...................
Westchester County__________
Ohio:
Franklin County..............
Hamilton County.......... .
Lucas County_______ ____
Mahoning County.. .. .
Montgomery County___
Oregon: Multnomah County..
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County...... .........
Berks County........ ............
Montgomery County______
Philadelphia (city and county)
South Carolina: Greenville County..
Utah: Third district.... ..........
Virginia: Norfolk (city)..............
Washington:
Pierce County_____________
Spokane County__________
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County__
w ith less th an 100,000 popula tion ............................. ..................
1,892
1,288
434
1,741
1,240
'414
882
917
213
515
285
131
1,092
489
1,282
489
1,015
1,019
407
362
284
398
383
149
339
620
249
19
35
53
215
755
301
222
298
50
182
470
293
189
262
45
57
454
225
189
235
235
903
2,346
128
339
1,366
127
265
762
36
398
411
230
1,990
878
388
386
216
1,485
861
372
192
184
557
636
136
112
27
854
213
227
726
143
4,433
174
187
289
667
134
3,318
167
186
251
231
69
1,108
130
97
81
409
56
2,026
35
84
152
1,144
2,006
824
395
642
875
766
1,243
679
311
484
862
676
1,229
474
61
443
611
83
773
76
79
4,157
120
715
540
628
74
54
2,581
53
712
250
230
39
27
1,263
53
561
237
379
35
27
1,256
144
3
140
519
2,902
138
507
2,658
137
416
1,188
1
2,358
1,409
949
2,095
1,283
'812
1,876
246
396
414
9,934
56
264
2
12
4
2
2
1
617
2
5
125
16
2
66
27
36
1
1
1
36
1
980
73
2
5
7
25
7
4
67
205
8
9
16
27
2
19
164
1
8
9
1
38
35
84
1
1
115
11
3
201
12
2
45
14
37
3
11
5
145
16
26
20
1 576
67
191
40
155
1
13
290
422
2
26
201
142
14
4
263
59
11
1
137
89
1,020
2
244
A reas
60,000, less than 100,000 ________
Less than 50,000_____ ___________
1,135
741
1Population according to the 1930 census.
s All figures for the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100 000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
116
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able I I I b .— Color, nativity, and parent nativity of girls dealt with in delinquency
cases disposed of by the courts in 1 State, 45 courts that served specified areas with
100,000 or more population, and 19 courts that served areas with less than 100,000
population in 1986 1
Girls’ delinquency cases
White girls
Area served by court
Total
Total cases •________
State total: Utah *______
A be AS WITH 100,000 OR
TION..........................
Native,
Native, foreign
native
or
Total
par mixed
entage par
entage
Native,
Na
par For- tivity
entage eign- not
re
not re born
ported
ported
7,765
5,930
4,055
1,433
217
309
302
259
35
4
7,246
24
5,474
3,632
1,407
10
10
560
259
155
503
244
134
298
195
55
108
41
48
121
64
192
116
201
104
54
35
93
109
41
25
31
61
28
109
81
73
280
82
97
32
71
53
229
77
70
27
65
26
228
63
70
25
26
1
14
61
106
280
42
30
124
42
16
73
2
31
65
23
177
170
76
58
22
132
163
72
31
21
52
102
20
9
1
76
60
47
72
18
694
47
48
48
62
17
474
45
45
35
31
9
191
36
23
29
8
234
235
525
250
54
191
193
Col
ored
girls
124
101
1,835
211
123
101
1,772
14
18
8
8
m ore popula -
Alabama: Mobile County.
California:
Los Angeles County...... ......
San Diego County__
San Francisco (city and county)___
Connecticut:
Fairfield County____
Hartford (city)................
District of Columbia___
Florida: Dade County__
Georgia: Fulton County.. .
Indiana:
Allen County.............
Lake County..... .........
Marion County___
St. Joseph County__
Vanderburgh County__
Iowa: Polk County___
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish.............
Orleans Parish_______
Maryland: Baltimore (city)...
Michigan:
Kent County......................
Oakland County..........
Wayne County..............
Minnesota: Hennepin County..
New Jersey: Hudson County.___
New York:
Erie County.......................
Monroe County.......
New York (city)..............
Rensselaer County.......
Syracuse (city)...................
Westchester County______
Ohio:
Franklin County_____
Hamilton County_____
Lucas County.............. .
Mahoning County___
Montgomery County__
Oregon: Multnomah County__
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County.......................
Berks County........ .............
Montgomery Cohnty_______
Philadelphia (city and county).......
South Carolina: Greenville Countv..
Utah: Third district_____
Virginia: Norfolk (citv).......
Washington:
Pierce County_______
Spokane County.......
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County__
A reas w ith less th an 100,000 popula TION......................................
50,(XX), less than 100,000....... ........... .
Less than 50,000__________________
88
3
5
21
1
1
92
5
1
27
2
5
1
1
10
1
3
20
14
1
5
4
45
8
1
1
3
172
394
214
42
139
190
158
379
148
17
136
155
9
5
13
61
19
1
5
127
18
13
531
29
131
96
85
18
12
286
20
131
37
44
40
128
20
101
36
147
58
113
460
57
112
431
519
343
176
456
310
146
g
3
21
8
3
13
156
7
7
4
2
13
2
1
1
12
62
3
1
42
1
5
5
25
1
2
3
54
94
160
1
16
149
2
423
296
127
26
12
14
8
5
1
21
23
10
77
1
1
245
9
59
116
5
6
2
1
4
1
1
29
63
33
30
1Population according to the 1930 census.
* All figures for the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
V
117
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 6
IV .— Source of reference to court of delinquency cases disposed of by the courts
in 1 State, 45 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population,
and 19 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1986 1
T able
Delinquency cases
Source of reference to court
Area served by court
School Pro
Par
ba Other Social ents
de tion
Police part
court
agency
or
rel
ment offi
atives
cer
Other
Source
indi Other not
vid source re- >
ual
ported
4 9 ,3 0 0
3 2 ,0 1 2 3 ,2 6 7
1 ,9 6 4
1 ,1 0 2
Total
Total cases
____ ______
State total: Utah *........................
A reas
w it h
100,000
reas
w it h
less
872
891
4 ,3 0 0
6 ,2 5 4
249
9
346
248
12
8
101
117
29
1
3 0 ,5 4 3
2 ,8 7 4
1 ,0 9 5
848
854
4 ,1 0 4
5 ,8 8 0
216
9
28
14
10
13
7
24
40
1 ,8 4 5
655
118
41
19
54
55
584
10
12
123
82
225
116
56
3
1
338
6
52
54
12
118
821
477
1 ,1 9 6
352
763
153
53
37
58
13
22
9
56
17
59
29
11
2
13
11
10
50
11
154
57
123
125
1
18
109
245
55
132
611
121
200
145
31
71
58
34
46
14
1
6
7
6
1
5
9
12
3
5
3
5
18
43
172
47
38
29
18
18
182
164
30
132
149
591
2 ,4 1 8
19
42
3
33
2
12
1
1
2
18
72
31
162
94
61
181
25
367
167
1 ,6 0 4
853
169
21
47
133
64
95
19
10
96
1
69
1
10
9
57
16
32
34
8
203
79
20
25
12
62
35
76
611
102
2 ,3 3 9
52
170
161
4
4
69
120
17
75
108
1
6
1
4
32
12
207
10
2
24
88
30
713
16
23
35
42
13
1 ,670
22
17
40
2
40
4
6
16
5
24
39
6
10
9
27
100
163
174
33
91
100
148
156
119
34
81
140
1
2
11
23
4
214
7
1
918
7
1
18
103
7
6
422
49
1
4
9
23
45
30
43
32
137
16
2
1
23
31
43
49
90
30
49
67
1
2
374
33
244
130
24
9
o r m o re fo p-
ULATION.................................. 46 ,4 2 3
Alabama: Mobile County_____
136
California:
Loa Angeles County________ 2 ,4 5 2
San Diego County_______ __ 1 ,5 4 7
San Francisco ' (city and
county)___________ .
589
Connecticut:
Fairfield County.................. . 1 ,2 1 3
Hartford (city).'.___________
' 553
District of Columbia........... ...... 1 ,4 7 4
Florida: Dade County________
605
Georgia: Fulton County............ 1 ,2 1 6
Indiana:
Allen County.........................
134
Lake County.........................
288
Marion County.............. ....... 1 ,0 3 5
St. Joseph County............... .
383
Vanderburgh County.............
319
Iowa: Polk County...'___ ____
330
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish.........................
296
Orleans Parish..... .................. 1 ,0 0 9
Maryland: Baltimore (city)___ 2’ 626
Michigan:
Kent County..................... .
476
Oakland County_____ _____
253
Wayne CountyI..................... 2 ,1 6 7
Minnesota: Hennepin County.. 1 ,0 4 8
New Jersey: Hudson County'...
464
New York:
Erie County............» . » i . .
798
Monroe County.....................
161
New York (city)...............
5 ,1 2 7
Rensselaer County......... ......
221
Syracuse (city)
.................. 235
Westchester County.............
337
Ohio:
Franklin County...........
1, 379
Hamilton County__________ 2 , 531
Lucas C ou n ty..I.................. L 074
Mahoning County........... .
449
Montgomery County..............
833
Oregon:"Multnomah County__ 1 ,0 6 8
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County..................
900
Berks County... ....................
94
Montgomery'County..........
92
Philadelphia (city and county) 4 ,6 8 8
South Carolina: Greenville
County....... ...........................
149
Utah: Third district..................
846
Virginia: Norfolk (city)_______
636
Washington:
Pierce County________ _____
198
Spokane County___________
632
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County. 3 ,3 6 2
A
1 ,4 4 6
th an
'
2
3
1
1
20
884
2 ,0 1 1
654
244
505
687
136
109
103
122
116
101
84
11
3
336
67
84
3 ,0 2 8
23
6
194
1
246
7
14
5
2
1
3
1
79
597
391
142
47
8
20
102
459
2 ,9 2 3
18
41
205
1
42
24
37
196
20
4
25
12
133
63
3
2
10
1
2
3
1
6
2
12
10
1
1
2
1
17
1
1
3
100,000
POPULATION.................................
2 ,8 7 7
1 ,4 6 9
393
351
less than 100,000___________
Less than 50,000— .............. .................
1 ,7 5 2
1 ,1 2 5
932
537
271
122
103
248
50,000,
1
3
9
* 1 Population according to the 1930 census.
* All figures for the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
118
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T a b l e V a .— Reason for reference to court in boys’ delinquency cases disposed o f by
the courts in 7 States, 78 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more
population, and 280 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in
1986 1
Boys' delinquency cases
Other reason
Reason not reported
Injury to person
Use, possession, or sale
of liquor or drugs
Sex offense
Ungovernable
Running away
Truancy
Traffic violation
Stealing
Total
Area served by court
Act of carelessness or
mischief
Reason for reference to court
Total cases*............................... 53,485 26,558 11,889 2,597 3,128 2,478 3,206 1,214 1,215 313 Vi» 168
State totals: *
Connecticut..................................
Indiana........................................
Massachusetts........... ................
Michigan......................................
New York............................... .
Rhode Island................................
Utah..................................... .......
Abbas
with 100,000 or more popuLATION____________________ ___________
3,428
2,709
4,624
4,469
8,187
591
1,655
1,368 1,429 15
1, 510 385
7
2,597 854 426
2,727 394 155
4,169 1,909 41
290
49
7
787 250 204
191 107 139 82 48 2 47
209 182 287 56 37 10 26
274 78 121
78 127 41 28
445 110 321 115 88 10 94 10
466 308 597 174 216 10 170 127
105 13 50 27 18
32
210
48 42 40
13 49
12 —
44,545 22,097 10,024 2,266 2,444 2,096 2,734
983 1,004 219 519 159
112
55
Alabama: Mobile County. .............
16
11
1
5
1
23
California:
Los Angeles County___________ 1,892 1,232
69 160 109
77 153
30
San Diego County....................... 1,288 422 147 421 16 91 45
28
8
28 82
San Francisco (city and county). .
434 288
7 60
5
5 34
15
6
14
Connecticut:
Fairfield County........................ . 1,092 386 473 13 66
68
61 15
9
1
489 177 218
1
Hartford (city)_________ ______
27 16 23 17 10
3
3
166 118
2
19
19
District of Columbia— ____ _____ 1,282 789 249 55 34
1
97
11
42
4
489 242
Florida: Dade County.....................
50 18 28 69 55
5
14 3 5
g 55 98 10
1,015 591 219
15 15 1
Indiana:
11
1
Allen County................................
53
28
6
5
2
3
3
1
Lake County................................
215 112
29
30 18 19
9
755 464
66
38 47 ino 15
1
7
St. Joseph County......................
301 107 116
6
6
14 44
Vanderburgh County..................
6
1
222
144
9
6
17 26 15
1
1
3
3
Iowa: Polk County..... ......... ..........
6
298 142
95 17
30
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish_________ _____ _
235 110
47 24
5 13 11
4 20
1
9
3 ——
Orleans Parish..............................
58
150
903 514 159 10
1
Maryland: Baltimore (city)............ 2,346 903 1,196
U
32 138 21
44
Massachusetts:
Boston:
Boston (central section)............
444 235 101
9 34 15
31
7
8
1
3
1
1
Brighton____ _______ _______
5
2
37
22
6
Charlestown............................
1
1
89
50
3
6
2
26
Dorchester................................
7
3
7
129
4
63
29 16
3
4
1
1
East Boston________________
212
6
5
84
108
Roxbury...................................
319 197
27 28 36
1
4
8
16 1
1
3
5
South Boston___________ ____
2
2
136
75
28 10
11
West Roxbury.........................
1
3
129
41
61 15
6
2
5
1
Second district of Bristol..............
5 10
2
167 114
29
Third districtofBristol.................
181 144
18
5
1
1
3
1
3
4 ï
Lawrence district____ _________
3
1
71
41
8
8
2
8
Southern Essex district................
105
55
25 11
2
2
10
g
6
1
5
1
Springfield district........................
229 138
8
28 34
First district of eastern Middlesex.
140
56
36 12
22
1
1
4
3
5
Third district of eastern Middlesex.............................................
221
122
42 26
2
2
13
3
10
1
121
1
1
Lowell district-............... .............
16
88
8
5
2
Somerville district..____ ______
75
37
25
1
7
1
2
2
1 Population according to the 1930 census.
* All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
119
SOURCE TABLES, 1936
T a b le V a .— Reason for reference to court in boys’ delinquency cases disposed o f by
the courts in 7 States, 78 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more
population, and 280 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in
1986 — Continued
Boys delinquency cases
A
r e a s w it h
l a t io n —
100,000
or
m ore
Continued.
Massachusetts—Continued.
Other reason
Reason not reported
Use, possession, or sale
of liquor or drugs
Injury to person
Sex offense
Ungovernable
Running away
p o p t j-
4
37
25
21
3
10
2
8
1
78
20
12
42
36
149
42
92
11
1
5
2
1
29
11
5
22
21
53
136
36
63
29
7
1
5
11
119
10
1
4
5
3
62
1
41
2
76
2
5
10
47
201
415
137
42
132
173
6
160
23
20
6
27
103
30
42
94
76
63
44
83
83
106
3
2
1 ,6 0 2
14
1
11
110
261
54
119
15
56
315
51
411
230
185
1 ,9 9 0
878
388
151
20
225
125
84
1 ,3 9 7
424
166
49
1
58
27
1
139
100
42
152
385
129
74
120
141
42
60
462
726
97
143
4 ,4 3 3 2 ,1 1 2
98
48
227
79
24
16
174
67
108
57
53
76
187
113
161
289
30
17
10
6
112
11
1 ,3 1 0
22
47
14
28
7
41
21
696
1,201
440
206
328
421
Michigan:
Rent County...............................
Wayne County!...........................
Minnesota: Hennepin County........
New York:
Albany County...........................
Erie County..... ...........................
New York (city).........................
Niagara County............................
■Westchester bounty.....................
Ohio:
Franklin County______________ 1 ,144
Hamilton County_________ ____ 2,006
Oregon: Multnomah County..........
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County........................
Philadelphia (city and county)...
Utah: Third district........................
Virginia: Norfolk (city)--------- -----Washington:
A
Truancy
Stealing
Total
Area served by court
Traffic violation
Act of carelessness or
mischief
Reason for reference to court
l e s s t h a n 100,000 p o p TJLATION.........................................................
824
395
642
875
453
773
76
79
4 ,1 5 7
221
120
715
540
67
1 ,3 0 2
112
76
348
265
146
519
2 ,902
8 ,940
56
44
4
45
213
2
3
1
4
6
1
1
38
5
187
3
19
26
13
7
3
68
21
316
13
18
5
4
2
3
3
3
3
20
7
2
20
2
4
50
26
2
41
14
11
100
1
3
5
4
6 ____
4
3
2
2
8
22
1
6
121
4
5 ____
9
1
3
4
1
2
4
5 ____
9
6
4
10
26
2
4
3
13
68
47
30
17
53
18
21
76
39
19
14
1
10
19
9
34
27
8
11
19
48
80
524
30
3
5
91
2
41
2
3
126
3
17
9
5
25
3
5
1
8
2
1
4
1 ____
10
3
4
7
19 ____
2
1
6 ____
88
4
33
2
2 ____
7
14
5
9
33
19
11 ____
_
7
3
3
1
148
32
84
40
10
6(
192
1,042
2i
91
927
2
107
329
14
17
147
12
61
219
19
24
96
2
17
79
1
4
16
7
47
4 ,461
1,865
331
684
382
472
231
211
94
200
345
232
107
178
132
72
219
155
98
94
68
81
26
129
14
31
56
19
7
e
_
1
76 ____
14
83
116
181
64
127
_
4
220
1C
14
15
30
28
___
1
7
10
1 ____
3 —
r e a s w it h
less than 100,000............................
Less than 50,000_______________________
Population ¿roup not reported *------
6 0 ,0 0 0 ,
3 ,844
3 ,9 3 !
1,163
2,012
1 ,7 9 !
655
644
1,062
159
172
15!
0
111
’Areas in Indiana with less than 100,000 population but population group not specified.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
7
9
100
19
9
—
120
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able V b .— Reason for reference to court in girls’ delinquency cases disposed of by
the courts in 7 States, 78 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more
population, and £49 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in
1986 *
Girls’ delinquency cases
Total cases1________ _____ _____
9,835 1,103
State totals: *
Connecticut................ ......................
440
Indiana................................... ............ 1,084
Massachusetts........... ......................
441
Michigan............................... ..........
758
New York........... ............................. 1,393
Rhode Island......................................
62
Utah................................................ .
309
A
w i t h 100,000 o r m o r e
TION...............................................
reas
po ptjla -
8,016
39
90
85
57
178
3
37
Other reason
Reason not reported
Use, possession, or sale
of liquor or drugs
Injury to person
Sex offense
Ungovernable
Running away
Truancy
Traffic violation
3
0
E->
Stealing
Area served by court
Act of carelessness or
mischief
Reason for reference to court
721 107 1,169 1,461 2,641 2,106 175 91 107 154
64
41
14
50
62
6
1
2
10
18
86
28 77 117 6
139 216 308 252 16
47 47 134 92 8
4 148 92 256 124 2
1
220
190 345 229 24
5
4
6
44
7 94 52 48 38 2
11
2
892 604
96 875 1 ,2 2 2 2 , 22» 1,680 145
66
3
18
6
23
1
2
16
8
132
....
61 146
Alabama: Mobile County.....................
24
1
5
4
3
2
9
California:
0
4
Los Angeles County...........................
560 37
2
16 13
464 1
14
San Diego County.'_______________
259 20
12
9 34 84 41 1 11 10
37
3
San Francisco (city and county)........
155
2
2
2
38 82 26
Connecticut:
Fairfield County.................................
11
121
20
30
8
24 24 4
64
Hartford (city).'__________________
1
7
7
19
9 19 1
1
New Haven (city)..... .........................
1
36
4
14
9
8
District of Columbia................. ............
6
10
192 32 10
3 115
4 12
Florida: Dade County
1
116
7 10
15 33 35 10
4
1
Georgia: Fulton County........ ...............
201
28 56
2
6
2
42 53 12
Indiana:
Allen County____________________
1
1
4
81
7
15 12
21
20
Lake County............ ........................
73
5
5
7 24 14 16 2
Marion County_______ ___________
1
3
280 20
4 1
27 54 115 55
St. Joseph Comity................. .
11
82
4
2
3
20
27 14 1
Vanderburgh County.........................
1
2
97
6
9 31 15 32 1
Iowa: Polk Cfount.y_.
32
7
25
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish......................................
1
5
3 2
4
61
23 11
12
Orleans Parish.....................................
5
106 29
3
8
2
59
3
Maryland: Baltimore (city).........
8
280 49 69
119 29 3
Massachusetts:
Boston:
7
1
Boston (central section)...................
75 35
4 17 11
Brighton______ ____ ____________
1
1
Charlestown____________ _______
1
1
1
1
4
Dorchester......... ....................... ......
9
3
6
East Boston____________________
1
5
1
10
3
Roxbury........ ......... .........................
1
1
26
7
5
2
10
South Boston_____________
1
8
2
3
2
West Roxbury.................................
1
1
1
9
6
Second district of Bristol_____
1
12
4
7
Third district of Bristol_____ ______
1
12
5
6
Lawrence district........ .....................
5
3
2
Southern Essex district......................
1
9
2
3
3
Springfield district...................
1
1
1
6
26
15 2
First district of eastern Middlesex___
11
1
1
2
2
2
3
Third district of eastern Middlesex__
1
1
24
4 13
5
Lowell district...........................
18
7
9
2
Somerville district...............................
9
5
4
East Norfolk district..........................
1
1
1
16
3
7
3
Central district of Worcester...............
39
4
2 1
5 10 11
6
1Population according to the 1930 census.
* All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or
more population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 6
121
«
T a b le V b .— Reason for reference to court in girls’ delinquency cases disposed of by
the courts in 7 States, 78 courts that served specified areas vrith 100,000 or more
population, and 249 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in
1936— Continued
Girls’ delinquency cases
A
r e a s w it h
t io n —
100,000
or
more
New York:
New York (city)____________ _____
Ohio:
Hamilton County...............................
Lucas County.....................................
Oregon: Multnomah County_________
Pennsylvania:
Philadelphia (city and county)....... ..
Washington:
Spokane County.............................. .
l e s s t h a n 100,000 p o p u l a TION.................................................................
r e a s w it h
60,000, less than 100,000........- ................
Less than 50,000----- ------ --------------Population group not reported *.......... -
114
2
65
23
34
177
170
76
117
20
10
14
72
18
694
16
41
2
47
15
8
48
48
3
8
1
2
6
37
9
37 _
6
2
11
6
2
1
23
1
71
4
31
6
4
5
3
1
6
235
525
250
54
191
193
31
53
27
4
127
18
13
531
18
29
131
96
1C
7
2
50
1
3
6
14
22
15
8
3
1
4
12
58
113
5
26
10
7
40
14
1
1
2
31
1
7
11
4
38
9
24
Reason not reported
Other reason
Injury to person
15
17
3
23
94
23
13
24
2
1
27
50
20
1
3
5
6
16
56
42
156
7
3
10
6
3
6_
8
101
38
8
3
1.819
211
117
11
294
711
637
471
103
36
57
24
5
149
75
70
4
2
4!
1
_
1
33 29 66
56 147 160
52 52 64
11
4
16
31 29 47
19 30 64
8
75
48
12
4
5
5
12
24
5
70
6 18 10
6
2
4
2
2
2
4
1
3
5
3
1 17 20
6
1
1 10
6
13 135 177 122
1
3
3
19
10
2
1
5
38
3
1
4
4
1
1
1
2
5
7
19
14
2 13 14
46C
6(
13
1
6
154
3
7 13
14 33
8 23
20
45
50
16
25
70
70
63
33
10
28
36
80
84
75
1
1
3
1 132
12
1
3
2
9
2
5
6
2
5
3 ___
1
3
1
1
2 ——
3
4
11
1
4
9
21 . . . .
2
143 159
153 152
116 115
1 ___
30 25 46
4
16
10
_
2
9S
239 412 426
2_
5 14 _
2
1
27 8
10
5
52 14
13
2
20
13 23
3 Areas in Indiana with less than 100,000 population but population group not specified.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
I Use, possession, or sale
of liquor or drugs
Sex offense
Ungovernable
Running away
Truancy
popu la-
Continued.
Michigan:
Genesee County_______________
Minnesota: Hennepin County________
A
Stealing
Total
Area served by court
Traffic violation
Act of carelessness or
mischief
1
Reason for reference to court
8
4 26 2
11 19 6
—
10
122
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T a b le VI.— Place of care o f child pending hearing or disposition in delinquency
cases disposed o f by the courts in 1 State, J+5 courts that served specified areas with
100,000 or more population, and 19 courts that served areas with less than 100,000
population in 1936 1
Total cases1.....................................
State total: Utah •............. ......................
Areas
49,300 29,804
1,964
1,659
0
Om
’S
g
0,0
U **
0
68
H
»
494 13,291 2,653 1,401
4
80
67
89
8
O
8
¿g
5
b
■
A
O
444
?
No report as to detention
care
9
U
à
to
emigh or le
3d place
Place of care not
reported
W»
*3
5 ®
2
ZtTO
0
0
A
fl
O
a
39
ft
. . , __
ention
in
Other institution
Boarding home or
other family home
Total
Area served by court
No detention care
«
®
Delinquency cases
1,213
65
with 100,000 or more population... 46,423 27,607 469 13,103 2,588 1,191 252
1,213
Alabama: Mobile County..........................
136
70
51
15
California:
Los Angeles County..............................
2,452
3
695
343 52
160
1,199
San Diego County..... ............................
1
1, 547
2
16
966
662
San Francisco (city and county)_____
589
186
3
400
Connecticut:
Fairfield County...................................
1,213 1,093
90
30
Hartford (city).....................................
1
553
475
77
District of Columbia......... ...................
3
1,474 1,028
2
441
Florida: Dade County.............. ......... .......
1 167
605
389
48
Georgia: Fulton County...........................
1
1,216
764
451
Indiana:
Allen County______ ____ ______
9
134
84
41
Lake County........................................
3
288
2
211
72
Marion County......................................... 1,035
1
5
95
934
St. Joseph County...............................
'383
354
29
Vanderburg County.................................
319
285
5 27
2
Iowa: Polk County..... ...........................
1
330
207
109
13
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish........... ................................
3
7
296
154 13
119
Orleans Parish........... .......................
1,009
355
598
56
Maryland: Baltimore (city)........................ 2,626 2,379
2
244
1
Michigan:
3
Kent County......................................
476
254
219
Oakland County..................................
253
98
155
Wayne County........................................ 2,167 1,007
3 1,157
Minnesota: Hennepin County........ ......
L048 1,001
13
2
32
New Jersey: Hudson County......................
464
1
283
180
New York:
Erie County...........................................
798
517 281
Monroe County.......................... .............
1
161
125
35
New York (city)............ ................ ....... 5,127 3,284
3
2
1,838
Rensselaer County....................................
221
147
74
Syracuse (city)..........................................
3
235
94
138
Westchester County.............................. .
337
198
6
133
Ohio:
Franklin County...................................... 1,379
593
479
37 269
1
Hamilton County___________________ 2 ,531 1,169 10 1,303
13
36
Lucas County........................................... 1,074
1
690
2
359
22
Mahoning County........ '_______________ '449
177
2Ì6
56
Montgomery County................................
833
499
3
266
65
Oregon: Multnomah County.............. ....... 1,068
771
4
165
16 112
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County...................... ........ .
4
7
544
900
333
12
Berks County.................. ...................... .
5
2
94
74
13
Montgomery County..............................
92
1
1
8
82
Philadelphia (city and county)................. 4,688 3,479
1
1,192
3
13
1 Population according to the 1930 census.
' Includes cases of children cared for part of the time in detention homes and part of the time elsewhere,
but excludes cases of children also held in jails or police stations.
* Includes a few cases of children cared for part of the time in jails or police stations and part of the time
elsewhere.
* Includes afew cases of children held in more than 1place of care, but in places other than detention homes,
jails, or police stations.
* All figures for the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 6
123
T a b le V I .— Place o f care o f child pending hearing or disposition in delinquency
cases disposed o f by the courts in 1 State, 45 courts that served specified areas with
100,000 or more population, and 19 courts that served areas with less than 100,000
population in 1986 — Continued
Delinquency cases
Detention care overnight or longer
in specified place
Area served by court
°S
go
££
SfS
•Sa
■Eb
«O
AREAS WITH 100,000 OB MOBB POPULATION—
Continued.
South Carolina: Greenville County______
Utah: Third district________________ . . .
Virginia: Norfolk (city)........ .....................
Washington:
Pierce County______________________
Spokane County____________________
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County_________
124
709
223
80
275
198
123
632
357
3,362 1,804
65
248
1,551
25
3
188
210
192
183
5
167
43
63
129
149
846
636
Areas with less than 100,000 population..
2,877
2,197
50,000, less than 100 ,000 . ..............................
Less than 50,000_____________ _________
1,752
1,125
1,285
912
25
25
24
31
15
10
T able V II .— Manner o f handling delinquency dases disposed o f by the courts in 7
States, 78 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and
289 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1986 1
Delinquency cases
Area served by court
Total
Total cases »............. .................... ................................
State totals: >
Connecticut.......... ..........................................
Indiana__ ____________ ________________ _______
Massachusetts______ _________ ______ ___
Michigan........... ........................................
New York_______ ______________
Rhode Island........................................
Utah...........................................................
Official
Unofficial
63,320
43,612
19,708
3,868
3,793
5,065
5,227
9,580
653
1,964
1,612
1,697
5,065
5,227
9,579
653
1,132
2,256
2,096
1
832
Areas with 100,000 or more population .
52,561
36,173
16,388
Alabama: Mobile County..... .................. .
136
136
California:
Los Angeles County....... .........................
2,452
2,452
San Diego County____ _________ _____
1,547
910
637
San Francisco (city and county)........................................
589
589
Connecticut:
Fairfield County......... ................... ...............
1,213
307
906
Hartford (city).................... ..................................
553
212
341
New Haven (city)........ j...................................
202
202
District of Columbia______________ _____
1,474
1,414
60
Florida: Dade County.____ ___________ _____
605
605
Georgia: Fulton County...................... ............
1,216
466
750
Indiana:
Allen County.................................. ........... ...............
134
88
46
Lake County...................... ............................
288
118
170
Marion County................................................................
1,035
827
208
St. Joseph County___ ______________ ______ ___________
383
45
338
Vanderburgh County.............. ........................................ .........
319
65
254
1 Population according to the 1930 census.
* All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 popu
lation and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
124
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able V II .— Manner of handling delinquency cases disposed o f by the courts in 7
States, 78 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and
289 courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1986 — Continued
Delinquency cases
Area served by court
Total
with 100,000 or more population—Continued.
Iowa: Polk County______________________ ________
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish__________________________________
Orleans Parish____________________ ____________
Maryland: Baltimore (city)_______________________
Massachusetts:
Boston:
Boston (central section)_____ ________________ __
Brighton____________ ________________________
Charlestown__________ _______________________
Dorchester_____________ _____________________
East Boston_________________________________
Roxbury____________________________________
South Boston________________________________
West Roxbury_______________________________
Second district of Bristol________________________
Third district of Bristol_________________________
Lawrence district_______________________________
Southern Essex district...................................... ........
Springfield district______________________________
First district of eastern Middlesex_____ . . . ________
Third district of eastern Middlesex_______________
Lowell district____________________________ _____
Somerville district______________________________
East Norfolk district____________________________
Central district of Worcester__________________ •___
Michigan:
Genesee C ounty...*...__________________________
Ingham County________________________________
Kent County_________ _______ ________________
Oakland County__________________ ____________
Saginaw County....______________________________
Wayne County________________________________
Minnesota: Hennepin County_____________________
New Jersey: Hudson County________________ ______
New York:
Albany County________________________________
Broome County_____________________ __________
Chautauqua County__________ __________________
Dutchess County_______________________________
Erie County________________________ ____ ;______
Monroe County________________________________
New York (city)_______________________________
Niagara County.........................................................
Oneida County_______________________ _________
Orange County_________________ _______________
Rensselaer County_____________________________
Schenectady County____________________________
Suffolk County__________ ______________________
Syracuse (city)_________ ____________ _______ _
Westchester County____________________________
Ohio:
Franklin County____ __________________________
Hamilton County....... ............................. .................
Lucas County_________________________________
Mahoning County______________________________
Montgomery County..................................................
Oregon: Multnomah County______________________
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County______________________________
Berks County_________________________________
Montgomery County............. ........................... .........
Philadelphia (city and county)_________ __________
Rhode Island: Sixth district___ ___________________
South Carolina: Greenville County____ ____________
Utah: Third district.......................................................
Virginia: Norfolk (city)____________________ ______
Washington:
Pierce County_________________________________
Spokane County_____ __________________________
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County.._____ _____________
Official
Unofficial
Areas
Areas
with less
than 100,000
population............... .
50,000, less than 100,000____________________________
Less than 50,000___ __________________ ____________
Population group not reported3____________________
330
154
176
296
1,009
2,626
225
1,009
2 ,626
71
519
38
93
138
222
345
144
138
179
193
76
114
255
151
245
139
84
126
300
519
38
93
138
222
345
144
138
179
193
76
114
255
151
245
139
84
126
300
429
53
476
253
219
2,167
1,048
464
429
53
476
253
219
2,167
1,048
464
502
149
151
74
798
161
5,127
114
268
26
221
123
84
235
337
502
149
151
74
798
161
5.127
114
268
26
221
123
84
235
337
1,379
2.531
1,074
449
833
1,068
413
146
172
305
122
280
966
2,385
902
144
711
788
900
94
92
4,688
245
149
846
636
900
92
92
1,610
245
99
484
636
3,078
198
632
3,362
119
207
823
79
425
2,539
10,759
7,439
3,320
4,555
4,570
1.634
3.274
3.611
554
1,281
959
1,080
* Areas in Indiana with less than 100,000 population but population group not specified.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
2
50
362
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 6
125
T a b l e V I I I a .— D isposition o f boys' delinquency cases by the courts o f 7 States,
78 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and 280
courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1986 1
Total cases >.
State totals: >
Connecticut__
Indiana______
Massachusetts.
Michigan____
New York____
Rhode Island..
Utah................
Disposition not reported
1Institution
Institution
1 Agency or in
dividual 1
Referred
Commit without
ted to— commit
ment
to—
Other disposition of case
Agency or in
dividual
Restitution, fine, or costs
ordered
Child not kept under supervision
of court
Case dismissed or adjusted |
Agency or individual
supervising
Under temporary care
of an institution
Total
Area served by court
Probation officer supervis
ing
Child kept
under super
vision of court
Case held open without further
action
Boys’ delinquency cases
53,485 18,745 870 806 20,068 4,667 378 235 850 862 2,196 3,808 ____
3,428 1,007 12 3 1,943
2,709 999 36 12 871
548
4,624 2,497
<469 2 ,223 267 107 1,046
8,187 3,435 47 4 3,194
3
591 462 1 30
1,655 571 25 2 739
4
137 12 23 170 44 73
307 . 19 8 22 24 95 316
91 45 1,077
337 29
337 16 12 3 19 262 177
777 161 19 21 62 97 370
1
1
2
91
91 5 5 6 125 38 48 . . . .
ABBAS WITH 100,000 OR MORE POPU
LATION............... .......... 1_____ 44,545 15,061 753 747 17,242 3,913 322 219 714 517 1,812 3,245
Alabama: Mobile County______
California:
Los Angeles County..________
San Diego County...................
San Francisco (city and county)
Connecticut:
Fairfield County........... ............
Hartford (city).............. ...........
New Haven (city)________ ___
District of Columbia___________
Florida: Dade County____ ____
Georgia: Fulton County________
Indiana:
Allen County_______________
Lake County________________
Marion County_____________
St. Joseph County.......... .........
Vanderburgh County________
Iowa: Polk County......................
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish............................
Orleans Parish______________
Maryland: Baltimore (city)_____
Massachusetts:
Boston:
Boston (central section)..........
Brighton..............'.................
Charlestown________ _____ _
Dorchester___________ ____
East Boston_______________
Roxbury.................................
South Boston.........................
West Roxbury____________
Second district of Bristol.......... .
Third district of Bristol.............
Lawrence district____________
Southern Essex district.... ....... .
Springfield district____ i_____
1 35
18
21
1,892 1,210 99 221
113 3 97
<288
434 316 25 17
252
764
27
65
22
33
1,092
489
166
1,282
4S9
1,015
707 24 1 15 63 3
15 3 3 1
339
54 19 3
153 99 25 2 21 118
98 117 6 5 5
1
23 214 2
112
37
243
112
82 8
597 158
170 24
135 4
53
215
755
301
222
298
32
63
281
89
41
107
235
903
2,346
9
152
489
13
13
1
6
1
5
2
2
86
46
185
106
170
11 2
73
«
129
2 . . . . 1,373
12
20
109
5
24
15
3
2
6
3
1
1
2
1
2
i
3
2
4
2
5
9
1
16
1 15
82 6
4 47
30 1
29 7 1 45 55 15
45
88
14
195
34
14
1
2
14
58
95
636
1
3
8
7
34 266
9
5
21
3
3
6 30
8 256
1....
68
1
1 218
8 21
444 194
14
2
2
2
17
37
1
4 24
3
4
89
53
2
2 17
37
129
63
1
4 80
3
96
28
212
4 87
44 27
319 156
32
21
136
82
2
33
43
4
129
46
1
2 26
15
167 118
13
4 2
181 155
9
9
47
71
22
10 17
105
54
55
10
19 10
229 134
10
19
9 4
140
97
* Population according to the 1930 census.
* All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
78616°— 39----- 9
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
126
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T a b l e V I I I a .— Disposition o f boys' delinquency cases by the courts o f 7 States,
78 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and 280
courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1936 — Continued
A r eas
w ith
100,000 or
221
121
75
110
261
12C
78
61
31
110
34
3
1
53
67
14
8
?
2
12
15
3
315
16 113
1
49
51
411
158 23 49
4 49 48
230
185
101
1
1,990 1,207 40
878
370
4 142
388
116
99
21
7
115
111
59
401
43
155
17
17
9
186
27
1
385
126
55
129
141
10
36
60
726
212
143
78
4,433 1,986
98
33
110
227
24
6
37
174
108
42
76
57
187
106
289
212
15
1
2
4
2
1,144
2,006
824
395
642
875
314
270
119
251
146
264
773
76
79
4,157
227
394
46
59
860
181
120
715
540
46
253
155
45
140
519
2,902
5
15
566
4
40
4
10
2
110
190
27
5
13
28
10
3
10
57
315
29
22
4 1,969 373
39
15
81
36
5
4
103
16
35
24
7
5
4 . 11
40
9
694
13 1,112
8
384
73
11 337
46
454
7
225
1
1
2,268
1
13
91
36
34
33
36
29
1
4
3
1
7
5
5
7
13
3
6
2
7
8
12
Disposition not reported
Other disposition of case
10
1
14
32
25
30
119
259
h
1
9
2
14
62
3
52 “
23
15
9
15
49
5
6
9
3
8
5
14
2
2
2
57
5
13
5
28 212
4 144
1
13
15
9 26
24
15
4
17
298
55
4
34
17
1
12
2
1
33
16
39
29
1
3
6
420
8
1
49
16
36
3
2 10 21
1 11 30 15 92
12 26 30 138
38
33
81
21
10
i
38
Ï
1
50
80
4
8,940 3,684 117
3,844 1,656 54
3,933 1,535 54
Population group not reported«... 1,163
493
9
59 2,826
41 1,066
12 1,314
6
446
754
311
306
137
56
16
32
8
9
n
16
1
7
6
100,000
POPULATION....................................
50,000, less than 100,000__________
Less than 50,000________
16 136 345
2 110 102
11 26 236
3
7
8 Areas in Indiana with less than 100,000 population but population group not specified.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
65
39
33
261
16 1,939
th an
1
12
22
1
52
144
18
487
31
48
27
2
42
11
10
less
6
2
3
4
14
35
61
6
J
3
42
414
155
w ith
Institution
Institution
Agency or in
dividual
Referred
Commit without
ted to— commit
ment
to—
m ore popu -
lation —Continued.
Massachusetts—Continued.
Third district of east Middlesex.
Lowell district__________ ____
Somerville district. ...................
East Norfolk district................
Central district of Worcester___
Michigan:
Genesee County..................... .
Ingham County.........................
Kent County.............................
Oakland County_____________
Saginaw County................ .......
Wayne County_______ ______
Minnesota: Hennepin County___
New Jersey: Hudson County.......
New York:
Albany County.......... ...............
Broome County................. .......
Chautauqua County.................
Dutchess County................ ......
Erie County....... ............ ........
Monroe County_____________
New York (city)........................
Niagara County.......................
Oneida County............... ..........
Orange County..........................
Rensselaer County................ .
Schenectady County..................
Suffolk County..........................
Syracuse (city).............. ..........
Westchester County............... .
Ohio:
Franklin County....................
Hamilton County......................
Lucas County.................... . .
Mahoning County....................
Montgomery County................
Oregon: Multnomah County.......
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County................ .
Berks County..........................
Montgomery County.... ............
Philadelphia (city and county)..
Rhode Island: Sixth district_____
South Carolina: Greenville
County___________ _____
Utah: Third district..................
Virginia: Norfolk (city)...............
Washington:
Pierce County............................
Spokane County...............
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County...
A r eas
Agency or in
dividual
Restitution, fine, or costs
ordered
Case dismissed or adjusted
or individual
supervising
Under temporary care of
an institution
I Agency
Total
Area served by court
Probation officer supervis
ing
Child kept
under supervision
under super Child not kept
of court
vision of court
Case held open without further
action
1
Boys’ delinquency cases
384
177
187
20
563
309
220
34
_
127
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 6
T a b l e V I I I b .— Disposition of girls' delinquency cases by the courts o f 7 States,
78 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and 249
courts that served areas with, less than 100,000 population in 1 9 8 6 1
Girls’ delinquency cases
Child kept- Child not kept under supervision
under super
of court
vision ofcourt
Area served by court
’S bfi
<
State totals:3
Connecticut__
Indiana______
Massachusetts.
Michigan_____
New Y o rk .....
Rhode Island..
Utah...............
A reas
w ith 100,000 o r m ore popula
tio n . . . .......... ..................................... .
I
>»5
>>5
»• o
S’©
“5
§5
■3
a
&
ac e
< S
0,835 3,059 279 349 2,813 1,348 169 66
440
1,084
441
758
1,393
62
309
78
346
222
279
559
52
123
8,016 2,507
a£
<e s
iall
_
Total oases 3.
.
■ go
8*
05
Referred
without
Commit commit
ted to— ment
to—
564 789
194 87
357 109
58 74
190 107
368 296
8
24
323 2,295 1,007 129 60 309
24
Alabama: Mobile County__________
California:
560 344
43
Los Angeles County_____________
259 32
129
San Diego County....... ....................
155 73
38
San Francisco (city and county)___
Connecticut:
25
121
68
Fairfield County..............................
32
64 21
Hartford (city)....................... ........
.14
36
New Haven (city).______________
192
13
District of Columbia_______________
116
21
Florida: Dade County........................
201
1
Georgia: Fulton County.....................
Indiana:
81
2
Allen County___________________
73
26
Lake County____________ _____
72
280
Marion County_________________
82
44
St. Joseph County....___________
97
26
Vanderburgh County.............. .......
32
Iowa: Polk County..... .......................
9
Louisiana:
61
1
Caddo Parish______ _____ ______
106
Orleans Parish___!___________ ___
10
Maryland: Baltimore (city)...............
280
118
Massachusetts:
Boston:
Boston (central section)................
Brighton_____________________
Charlestown...............................
Dorchester____________________
East Boston..................................
Roxbury_____________________
, South Boston________________ _
West Roxbury..............................
Second district of Bristol........ .........
Third district of Bristol...................
Lawrenoe district________________
Southern Essex district—.................
Springfield district..........................First district of eastern Middlesex...
•Population according to the 1930 census.
3 All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
128
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T ab le V II I b .— D isposition o f girls’ delinquency cases by the courts o f 7 States,
78 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and 249
courts that served areas with less than 100,000 population in 1986 — Continued
Girls’ delinquency cases
Child kept
under supervision
under super Child not kept
of court
vision ofcourt
72 ©
3 ©
S
► s
eg
'Ô3
O
H
ABEA8 WITH 100,000 OB MOBE POPULA
TION— Continued.
Massachusetts— Continued.
Third district of eastern Middlesex..
Michigan:
24
18
9
16
39
3
24
114
18
34
177
170
76
19
96
76
16
117
21
20
10
14
72
18
694
16
41
2
47
18
8
48
48
Ohio:
Lucas County__...............................
Pennsylvania:
South Carolina: Greenville County...
Washington:
236
626
280
84
191
193
127
18
13
631
18
29
131
96
113
460
Abbas with less than 100,000 popula
tion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... ...............
1,819
80,000, less than 100,000........................
Population group not reported»--------
4
9
3
402
711
637
471
1
13
4
i
2
9
4
6
1
1
30
4
26
4
27
77
8
1
2
17
3
148
9
2
24
21 8
68 5
24
1(
48 12
4
4
5
13
31
3
4
2
5
9
6 6 6
1
119
30
50
16
58
5
5
182
18
181
7
55
11
62
22
128
652
215
168
169
12
1
60
38
5
8
12
37
19
8
10
26
li
s
o
23
7
5
8
1
3
4
1
9
6
2 1 1 11
1
1
5
1
1
3 12
19 133
5
15
23
17
12 2
1
20 29
1
1
102 22
2
12
4
15
26
24
518
169
162
187
341
112
162
67
1
10
1
7
79
i
1 1 71
1
1 7
2
4
5 12
7
2 1
2 2 8 11
2 3 19 3 19 19
31 39
2 29
3
40
16
16
8
6
35
34
87 143
91
41
24 5 45
3 11 18 42
11 —
3
>Areas in Indiana with less than 100,000 population but population group not specified.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1
13
2 20
12 2 1 2
i
16
3 18
1 i 4 28
10
20
190
ft
©
1 2 6
1
1
1 23
2
34
19
11
5
8
17
10 2
133
2
204
126
27
60
41
41
o
xi
7
2 1
14
20
2
8
U»
©
*d
O
1
3
69
61
£
(4
©
A
h
2
2©
"5
o h
•d O
a
©
d ©
d
a
0 d
o
2
3
26
8
10
20
6
1
08
2
2
4
5
12
1
©
I©
o
d
1
11
8
68
Wiiconsin: Milwaukee County....... .
5
3
16
11
2 2
68 12
23
8
New York:
*0
<X
>
Commit
1
'O ted to—
08
SB bâ o
J+3»
IC
h
L
005 uo 9*H atn *2
ft 0 5
d
a
d5 s
3
£
Ì
d >»2
o u©* •3
1
§5
d
Xi
s
©
p
eg «•a
bee
U
O a
3
f-4 C
a
0
£
<
o
«
a
Area served by court
C
O
Referred §
without ©
commit u
ment 0
to—
d£
<d ©
U_.
a ®I |8
£
d ¡»2 3
Is
s bed 1
«
d
©
11 —
SOURCE TABLES, 193 6
129
DEPENDENCY AND NEGLECT CASES, 1936
T ab le IX .— Color, nativity, and parent nativity of children dealt with in dependency
and neglect cases disposed of by the courts in 1 State, 38 courts that served specified
areas with 100,000 or more population, and 18 courts that served areas with less
than 100,000 population in 1936 1
Dependency and neglect cases
White children
Area served by court
Total
Native,
native
Total parent
age
Total cases *_____________________ 18,700 15,941
State total: Utah *.............. ................... _.
A
r e a s w it h
100,000
o r m o r e p o p u l a t io n
.
Alabama: Mobile County..... ...............
California:
Los Angeles County.............................
San Diego County.*......... ............
San Francisco (city and county)_____
Connecticut:
Fairfield County..................................
Hartford (city)________ _________
District of Columbia..............................
Georgia: Fulton County.........................
Indiana:
Lake County.................................
Marion County..........................
Iowa: Polk County.........
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish.......................................
Orleans Parish.....................................
Michigan:
Kent County.......................................
Wayne County........... .........................
Minnesota: Hennepin County...............
New York:
Erie County........................ ...............
Monroe County...................................
New York (city).................................
Rensselaer County..............................
Syracuse (city).....................................
Westchester County..........................
Ohio:
Franklin County..........................
Hamilton County................... ............
Lucas County........ ....................
Mahoning County..............................
Montgomery County..........................
Oregon: Multnomah County..................
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County............................ .
Berks County......................................
Montgomery County...........................
Philadelphia (city and county)______
South Carolina: Greenville County...
Utah: Third district..........................
Virginia: Norfolk (city)..........................
Washington:
Pierce County________________
Spokane County........................ ........
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County
Native,
foreign
or mix
ed par
entage
Col
Native,
ored
parent For Nativ child
ity
age not eign not
re ren
report bom ported
ed
10,918
3,794
697
146
386 2,759
211
186
22
1
2
11
17,731 15,027
10,077
3,738
684
143
385 2,704
222
16
13
13
1,184
'558
727
1,123
'538
611
597
456
267
245
79
260
549
136
257
385
480
134
323
277
55
130
319
183
55
52
317
296
46
271
273
31
271
262
H
163
288
150
212
148
105
7
208
560
319
488
308
112
201
114
101
148
141
3,035 2,490
144
239
186
68
3
3
4
14
23
1
64
18
1
1
15
116
2
69
24
123
62
1
1
6
91
13
76
7
2
72
2
10
222
9
40
22
57
65
32
31
1,152
4
5
3
349
337
930
45
265
626
311
304
842
25
257
561
24
23
77
17
7
47
16
1
586
711
14
14
65
52
2,467 1,763
74
87
65
65
138
106
341
14
25
1,181
74
46
102
229
14
2
68
1
3
26
510
18
13
1
408
459
1,017
73
333
658
1
7
11
113
332
29
158
20
46
23
117
408
101
61
2
5
106
1,237
99
83
127
102
258
92
4
7
545
1
4
42
4
1
76
11
2
1
1
122
1
32
1
1
9
9
3
1
1
3
152
188
957
149
181
924
139
157
478
4
5
24
179
267
A r eas w ith less th an 100,000 population .
969
914
841
56
13
50,000, less than 100,000...........................
Less than 50,000___________ _________
577
392
552
362
519
322
28
28
4
9
59
2
28
68
125
1
1
13
704
13
32
1
7
33
3
1
55
1
3
30
1Population according to the 1930 census.
* All figures for the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
130
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T able X .— Reason for reference to court of children in fam ilies represented in
dependency and neglect cases disposed of by the courts in 1 State, 37 courts that
served specified areas with 100,000 or more population, and 18 courts that served
areas with less than 100,000 population in 1936 1
Families represented in dependency and neglect cases
Reason for reference of child to court
Area served by court
With
out
ade
Physi
quate Aban Abuse Living
cally
under handi
Total care or don
or
condi capped
sup
ment
cruel
tions
port
and in Other
from or de treat injuri
of reason
ous to need
parent sertion ment morals
public
or
care
guard
ian
Total cases *.
9,715
7,182
250
424
1,131
State total: Utah ».
95
55
13
8
19
100,000 o r m o r e p o p u l a t io n _____ 9,203
Alabama: Mobile County_______________
13
California:
San Diego County............... ....................
352
San Francisco (city and county)...............
366
Connecticut:
Fairfield County_________ ________ ____
373
Hartford (city)___________ ___________
67
District of Columbia___________ ________
178
Georgia: Fulton County________________
198
Indiana:
Lake County________________________
24
Marion County._____________________
172
Iowa: Polk County_____________________
176
Louisiana:
■ Caddo Parish________________________
107
Orleans Parish_______________________
185
Michigan:
99
Kent County________________________
266
Wayne County_____ ■________________
Minnesota: Hennepin County____________
178
New York:
Erie County____________________*.......
84
68
Monroe County______________________
New York (city)..;____________________ 1,808
Rensselaer County____________________
59
64
Syracuse (city)..... .....................................
Westchester County__________________
233
Ohio:
Franklin County.......................................
232
Hamilton County__ ;_________________
251
Lucas County............................ . . . . .........
477
Mahoning County.,___________________
53
Montgomery County_________________
198
Oregon: Multnomah County.......................
371
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County_______ _______ _____
371
9
Berks County________________________
Montgomery County................................
30
Philadelphia (city and county)_________ 1,201
55
South Carolina: Greenville County_______
32
Utah: Third district____________________
74
Virginia: Norfolk (city)................................
Washington:
127
Pierce County_______________________
110
Spokane County........................................
542
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County__________
512
A r e a s w it h l e s s t h a n 100,000 p o p u l a t io n . . .
309
50,000, less than 100,000___ ______________
203
Less than 50,000............................................
6,829
2
229
404
189
274
3
4
341
64
165
150
23
134
114
18
4
1
1
17
3
2
55
70
164
5
12
1
1
26
8
5
82
218
164
1
28
6
2
1
4
16
3
6
2
10
12
68
1,247
40
24
136
1
7
64
20
103
2
2
5
268
5
10
27
170
12
28
61
164
168
410
20
117
294
3
3
2
1
10
6
43
25
16
20
9
21
25
3
25
44
53
16
13
28
39
2
A
r e a s w it h
724
4
1,058
11
680
3
32
8
119
80
9
1
5
1
13
21
3
4
19
5
6
15
4
1
1
319
6
30
897
43
25
35
5
9
10
2
28
1
61
2
4
6
54
5
1
7
134
4
2
26
55
1
102
59
459
353
195
158
2
9
21
17
4
15
10
9
20
10
10
9
30
62
73
57
16
1
9
3
44
29
15
1
1
1
1
1
1 Population according to the 1030 census.
* All figures for the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
131
SOURCE TABLES, 1Ô36
T ab le X I .— Place of care of child pending hearing or disposition in dependency and
neglect cases disposed of by the courts in 1 State, 88 courts that served specified areas
with 100,000 or more population, and 18 courts that served areas with less than
100,000 population in 1986 1
Dependency and neglect cases
Detention care overnight or
longer in specified place
No re
No de Board
port as
Total tention ing
to de
care
home Deten Other Other tention
or
tion
insti place
care
other home1 tution of care3
family
home
Area served by court
18,700
13,402
577
1,750
2,330
141
222
132
16
1
65
8
17,731 12,602
Alabama: Mobile County......................... __
16
13
California:
Los Angeles County____ ..___ . _________ 1,184
47
San Diego County____________________
668
416
San Francisco (city and county.............
727
688
Connecticut:
649
642
Fairfield County____________ _________
136
Hartford (city)_______________________
81
222
257
District of Columbia____________________
288
386
Georgia: Fulton County___„____________
Indiana:
52
35
Lake County_________________ ______
317
280
Marion C ou n ty ........________________
Iowa: Polk County_____________________
296
183
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish________________________
163
61
288
233
Orleans Parish_______ ________________
Michigan:
208
164
Kent County..______________________
560
542
Wayne County.................... ................
319
291
Minnesota: Hennepin County_______ ____
New York:
114
94
Erie County....... .......................................
148
76
Monroe County______________________
1,577
New York (city)________ : ....................... 3,035
77
Rensselaer County____________________ ’ 102
117
48
Syracuse (city)..........................................
408
297
Westchester County__________________
Ohio:
408
324
Franklin County_____________________
459
436
Hamilton County____________________
989
Lucas County_______________________ 1, 017
73
Mahoning County_______________ _____
62
Montgomery County____________ _____
333
278
466
Oregon: Multnomah County____________
668
Pennsylvania:
Allegheny County____________________
711
660
11
14
Berks County________________________
66
Montgomery County_______ __________
32
Philadelphia (city and county)................. 2.467 2.087
87
85
South Carolina: Greenville County.............
66
20
Utah: Third district__________________ '..
138
90
Virginia: Norfolk (city)_________________
Washington:
152
Pierce County............. .............................
118
188
146
Spokane County______________________
664
967
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County__________
520
1,701
2
2,274
1
134
500
19
35
499
32
• 39
75
119
500
1
4
3
6
30
33
93
2Ì
2
1
39
17
32
62
5
12
30
8
61
28
11
18
1
5
10
16
39
8
11
1
Total cases 4.
State total: Utah 4
A
A
r e a s w it h
100,000
o r m o r e p o p u l a t i o n ____
r e a s w it h l e s s t h a n
100,000
p o p u l a t io n
...
60,000, less than 100,000__________________
Less than 60,000____________________________
969
577
392
800
466
334
20
11
2
61
1,449
25
23
16
7
7
95
39
2
5
7
2
8
7
5
3
2
52
1
1
131
73
10
16
6
53
10
14
131
15
3
1
33
5
375
1
1
37
11
2
14
40
296
11
2
4
57
28
29
49
36
13
56
40
16
2
5
36
9
500
2
1
7
7
4 Population according to the 1930 census.
* Includes cases of children cared for part of the time in detention homes and part of the time elsewhere,
but excludes cases of children also held in jails or police stations.
* Includes 33 children cared for in jail or police station (29 in Los Angeles County, Calif.; 1 in New York
City: 1 in Hamilton County, Ohio; 1 in Milwaukee County, Wis., and 1 in second district, Utah) and 108
children cared for in other places.
4All figures for the State for which a total is given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
r
132
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T a b l e X I I . — Disposition of dependency and neglect cases disposed of by the courts
in 5 States, 4.8 courts that served specified areas with 100,000 or more population,
and 106 courts that served areas vnth less than 100,000 population in 1986 1
3
I
S
3
b
© bfi i s
O
•*HCC
G B
r
OV3
O©
£fl ► . s
>>B
O
b
08
d
Jo
©
0
bfi
Total
Area served by court
fi
<
Child not kept under supervision
of court
O
©
b
03
08
Referred
without
commit
ment to—
Committed
to—
M
0
S 3 s ’®
P.T3 S 8
S
3 11
©•^
**
Ö
*
<
08
©
©
d
1
O
t>
d
.2
O
d
0
0*
3
S
d * 2 Sm
2
œ-O A©
*3
bo5
dH •1
►
M <S O
B
>>
O
d
©
bfl
a
M
C3
O
0
d
0
03
©
<
Disposition not reported
Child kept
under super
vision of court
Case held open without furthei
action
Dependency and neglect cases
Total cases >„ ..................... 23,599 3,989 2,109 1,069 6,203 2,162 2,926 541 1,042 816 1,110 1,632 —
ate totals: *
Connecticut__________ 9l ___ 1,493 71 10
369 117 67
Indiana..................................
New York....... ................... . 8,344 1,340 265
222 36 25
Utah.................................... .
Michigan.......................... ......
855 83 423
3 362 426 339 13 15
4
60 19 28 38 3
4 2,037 895 940 176 981
4 48 19 26 4
1
35 158 16
6 2
141 45 68
25
2
6
124 840 742
26 17 17
4 10 117 —
REAS WITH 100,000 OB MORE
POPULATION........................... 19,581 3,782 1,913 923 5,428 1,779 2,440 430 675 752 534 925
California:
San Francisco (city and county)~~
Connecticut:
Fairfield County___ _______
Indiana:
Louisiana:
Michigan:
Wayne County____________
New York:
Albany County........... ..........
16
4
1
2
727
129 417
1
53
549
136
157
257
385
52
6
52
317
296
1
116
96
67
60
26
163
288
3
8
57
23
54
5
29 395
226
203
560
319
1
225
46 10
5
2
1,184 628 118 100 281
2 27 353
558 123
2
42
5
109
68 1
42 4
55 2
27
74 23
202
38
32
1
1 14
65
45
49
19
96
7
21
73
38
18
20
60
22
22
1 10
11 4
14
101
35
16
6
7
6
2
1
6
52
3
2
1
18
8 128
1
16
16
6
4
10
15
2
2
15
2 25
1
2
46
8
4
210
6
3
40
41
5
79
2
2
1
1
22
85
19
S
345
18C 64
35 42
21
8
5 59 4 104
259
57 22
4
2
5
69
5 31
9 2 11
64 49
367
19
104 20 54 20 37
1
114
44
6
47
16
1
148
3
26
9 109
4 981 591 38
New York (city)___________ 3,035 1,186
5
115 102
6
7
f
]
i
i
4
5(
2(
24
29
169
37
79
11
182 27
2
48
2
59
33
102
15 55
6 4
6 16
3
112
8
6 13 12 17
53
140
41
6 91 2
7
2
117 11
3 22 26 14 25
25
408 35 56
Westchester County...............
4 190 fi 50 11 13 18
1 Population according to the 1930 census.
8All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or
more population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
133
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 6
T able X I I .— Disposition o f dependency and neglect cases disposed o f b y the courts
in 5 States, 4 8 courts that served specified areas with 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 or more population,
and 1 06 courts that served areas with less than 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 population in 1 98 6 — Con.
ABEAS WITH
100,000
I Disposition not reported
Other disposition of case
Institution
1 Individual
Agency
Agency or
individual
Referred
without
commit
ment to—
Committed
to-—
Institution
Case dismissed or ad
justed
Child not kept under supervision
of court
Under temporary care of
an institution
Agency or individual
supervising
Total
Area served by court
Probation officer super
vising
Child kept
under super
vision of court
Case held open without further
action
Dependency and neglect cases
OB MORE
population—Continued.
Ohio:
408
3
459
Lucas County—'..................... 1,017 120
1
73
333
8
Montgomery County..............
658 109
Oregon: Multnomah County__
Pennsylvania:
711 497
2
14
65 55
Philadelphia (city aridcounty). 2,467 350
South Carolina: Greenville
C
87
2
65
138
7
Virginia: Norfolk (city).—.........
Washington:
4
152
188
957 56
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County.
1
8
13
4
44
2 205
63
41 714
2
12
2 103
19 238
74 61 11
4 359
6 40
25
25 11
71 59 24
12 19 8
4
43
111
5
1
2
875
3
2
339
2
6
39
29
4
3
1
6
92 481
25
14
156
16
25
4C
14
12
2
8
3
6 46
1 16
1 37
9
3 46
5 79
3
19
16
3
9 _____
3
43
10 ____
82
1
758 128
4
13 ____
12
7
52
3
6 44
14 a
1 32
66 8
1 2S
14 37
1 37
4
3
1
10
12
6
18 ____
IS
58
42 —
Areas with less than 100,000
POPULATION........................... 4, Oli
207
196
146
775 383 486 111
367 64
1,693
Less than 50,000______________ 2,325
141
66
71
125
138
8
303 166 169 53
472 217 317 58
172 39 147 294
195 25 429 413 —
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
576 707 —
134
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
CASES OF CHILDREN DISCHARGED FROM SUPERVISION, 1936
X I I I .— Reason for discharge in cases of delinquent children discharged from
supervision by the courts in 5 States, 45 courts that served specified areas with
100,000 or more population, and 177 courts that served areas with less than 100,000
population in 1986 1
T able
Cases of delinquent children discharged from supervision
Child committed or referred
to institution
618
367
2,060
State totals:
Connecticut______ _____
Indiana____ __________
Michigan..........................
New York__________
Utah...............................
747
1, 376
2,212
3,427
685
544
1,059
1,120
2,634
426
76
3
130
32
50
15
80
33
64
26
50
130
288
541
46
7
14
10
30
2
13,529
7,468
474
238
1,768
263
A r eas
w ith
100,000 or
more population .
299 1,118 2,728
6
71
147
56
35
Reason not reported
Conduct of child or conditions
unsatisfactory but further
supervision not advised
9,423
Other reason
Expiration of period specified
by court
16,715
Whereabouts of child un
known, or child moved from
jurisdiction of court
Conduct of child satisfactory
or conditions improved
Total cases *__________
Area served by court
Child committed or referred
to agency or individual
Total
Reason for discharge
102
49
19
385
70
98
920 2,392
99
2
6
Alabama: Mobile County...
17
16
1
California:
Los Angeles County.........
3,189
494
67
—
San Diego County.............
2
105
62
San Francisco (city and county)..
356
298
7
30
2
18
1 —
Connecticut:
Hartford (city)....................
104
125
——
New Haven (city)...............
Q
85
50
14
10
District of Columbia................
685
402
3
8
69
28
38
137 —
Indiana:
Lake County..................
19
15
2
2
Marion County.........
158
218
—
Vanderburgh County___
3
1
52
35
3
6
—
Iowa: Polk County.......
86
62
1
—
Louisiana: Orleans Parish.......
185
98
53
10
20
—
Michigan:
Genesee County_________
1
147
102
....
Ingham County....................
1
59
1
Kent County.......... ..............
186
88
1
—
Oakland County...................
76
42
4
5
17
Saginaw County......................
7
95
45
Wayne County.......... ..........
969
731
—
Minnesota: Hennepin County
663
3
4
573
26
4
48
New Jersey: Hudson County...
117
3
3
38
46
4
5
New York:
Albany County........................
91
69
Broome County_______
68
50
17
—
Chautauqua County.........
1
1
Dutchess County.............. .
35
7
1
27
Erie County........ .............
5
128
90
Monroe County.......
77
3
54
20
New York (city)..............
2,060 1,629
27
35
3
306
28
32
Niagara County..................
32
7
22
3
Oneida County. ...........
121
99
21
—
Orange County........................
1
15
13
Rensselaer County..........
45
32
1
5
5
Schenectady County........
45
27
1
16l
1
1 Population according Ijo the 1930 census.
8All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100 000 or
more population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
135
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 6
X I I I .— R ea so n f o r discharge in cases o f delinquent children discharged f r o m
su p ervisio n b y the cou rts i n 6 S ta tes, 4 5 courts that served sp ecified areas w ith
1 0 0 ,0 0 0 or m ore p o p u la tio n , and 1 7 7 courts that served areas w ith less than 1 0 0 ,0 0 0
p o p u la tio n i n 1 9 3 6 — Continued
T able
Cases of delinquent children discharged from supervision
w it h
100,000
ok
t i o n — Continued.
New York—Continued.
m oke
34
117
209
24
78
142
214
91
168
311
100
45
63
171
10
789
111
351
177
795
1
296
69
282
128
644
3,186
1,955
50,000, less than 100,000............... .......... 1,118
981
Less than 50,000....... .............................
Population group not reported3............ 1,087
544
560
851
Montgomery County.........................
Oregon: Multnomah County................
Pennsylvania:
Philadelphia (city and county)..........
l e s s t h a n 100,000 p o p u l a . .....................................................................
b b a s w it h
t io n .
7
11
5
25
13
18
29
19
6
6
24
34
24
14
42
26
2
11
8
5
1
43
9
13
28
40
8
209
13
17
20
85
144
129
59
85
38
19
72
116
6
8
Ì
3
1
8
18
18
18
21
9
4
292
36
116
87
89
12
16
8
33
2
* Areas in Indiana with less than 100,000 population but population group not specified.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
| Reason not reported
5
3
Other reason
3
12
Child committed or referred
to institution
6
21
37
I Conduct of child or conditions
unsatisfactory but further
supervision not advised
4
3
4
popu la-
Ohio:
Hamilton County...............................
A
Whereabouts of child un
known, or child moved from
jurisdiction of court
bbas
Child committed or referred
to agency or individual
A
Expiration of period specified
by court
Total
Area served by court
Conduct of child satisfactory
or conditions improved
Reason for discharge
___
_
1
116
28
3
4
2
1
198
336
96
111
33
54
180
143
13
58
38
—
136
JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
T a b l e X I V . — R e a so n f o r discharge i n cases o f depend ent a nd neglected children
discharged f r o m su p ervisio n h y the courts i n 8 S ta tes, 2 4 courts that served specified
areas with 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 or m ore p o p u la tio n , and 1 5 courts that served areas w ith less
than 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 p o p u la tio n i n 1 9 8 6 1
Cases of dependent and neglected children discharged
from supervision
p o p u l a t i o n ____
California:
Louisiana:
159
773
61
161
187
48
349
31
72
59
33
274
16
1
22
7
75
2
1
13
1
1
1
4
3
2
167
1
15
554
..
299
118
17
60,000, less than 100,000 ...................... ..........
219
80
64
54
17
2
17
2
2
8
18
1
68
93
57
15
4
8
2
6
12
12
49
3
80
3
3
2
4
7
1
11
1
1
•
Other reason
371
111
2
3
277
13
15
1,018
p o p u l a t io n .
575
23
6
3
22
68
100,000
390
3,770 2,141
6
88
116
less th a n
19
25
3
22
3
601
14
w it h
1
10
1
17
3
633
16
1
21
A reas
12
23
12
124
594
19
1
123
108
Pennsylvania:
9
85
166
776
38
1
143
169
Ohio:
207
40
8
New York:
394
2,259
10
13
Michigan:
Whereabouts of child un
known or child moved from
jurisdiction cf court
m ore
Child committed or referred
to agency or individual
or
Child committed or referred
to institution
100,000
Conduct of child or conditions
unsatisfactory but further
supervision not advised
w it h
630
Conduct of child satisfactory
or conditions improved
A reas
406
Total
Utah...........................................................
133
4,069
Area served by court
State totals:*
Expiration of period specified
by court
Reason for discharge
22
1
1
23
13
9
1
7
8
1
23
15
3
10
5
4
5
34
1
1
50
5
3
1
14
52
159
244
22
16
55.
23
48
11
11
13
3
43
12
23
48
9
* Population according to the 1930 census.
» All figures for the States, for which totals are given, are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or
more population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
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137
SOURCE TABLES, 1 9 3 6
T able X V .— L en gth o f tim e child w as u n d er s u p erv isio n i n ca ses o f d elinquent
children discharged f r o m su p erv isio n b y the courts i n 5 Sta tes , 4 5 courts that
served specified areas w ith 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 or m ore p o p u la tio n , and 1 7 7 courts that served
areas with less than 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 p o p u la tio n i n 1 9 S 6 1
Cases of delinquent children
Duration of supervision
Area served by court
Total
*
Total cases *.
6
18
2
3
Less months, 1 year,
years, years
Not
less months,
than 6 less than
less
less
re
18
or
months than months than 2 than more ported
12
years
3
16,715
4,804
5,121
3,438
1,278
1,139
839
96
747
1,376
2,212
3,427
685
338
342
489
961
216
296
457
691
1,320
272
90
290
543
708
101
16
164
158
218
39
4
91
166
129
41
3
32
70
90
16
95
1
13,529
3,870
4,154
2,811
1,039
931
723
1
»
State totals:2
Connecticut.
Indiana.......
Michigan....
New York—
Utah.......... .
A
r e a s w it h
100,000
or m o re popula
t i o n ............................. .....................................
Alabama: Mobile County........ .......
9
1
17
5
2
California:
3,189
Los Angeles County.....................
923
560
779
315
280
332
105
15
20
San Diego County........................
25
15
19
11
San Francisco (city and county)..
356
107
107
80
30
21
11
Connecticut:
125
23
Hartford (city)___________ _____
23
58
14
3
4
New Haven (city).........................
85
•15
51
19
124
District of Columbia........................
685
232
153
96
24
56
Indiana:
9
9
1
19
Lake County............................ —
1
218
68
25
Marion County________________
103
21
11
1
Vanderburgh County....... ............
52
40
19
86
Iowa: Polk County___ 1..................
23
23
6
8
7
185
Louisiana: Orleans Parish........ .......
100
2
83
Michigan:
25
4
Genesee County... ........................
22
147
96
59
18
Ingham County............................
16
25
186
62
74
32
8
6
Kent County........... .....................
4
14
76
37
17
5
Oakland County...........................
3
95
42
37
16
Saginaw County............................
131
969
378
210
114
Wayne County..............................
91
45
41
Minnesota: Hennepin County.........
663
336
274
6
4
2
5
New Jersey: Hudson County______
117
5
61
13
24
9
..New York:
91
Albany County....... ........... ........
21
40
30
68
Broome County.............................
9
18
29
4
1
7
1
1
Chautauqua County.....................
1
35
Dutchess County.................. .......
14
4
14
2
Erie County...... ............ ..............
128
24
17
27
26
29
5
77
Monroe County................ ...........
16
23
15
17
4
2
New York (city)_______________ 2,060
739 1,010
241
61
1
8
1
Niagara County...........................
32
2
24
5
121
Oneida County.............................
15
86
1
9
3
7
15
3
8
Orange County.............................
2
2
11
Rensselaer County_____________
45
5
29
Schenectady County.....................
45
6
9
5
17
5
3
1
1
34
4
5
23
Suffolk County.............................
Syracuse (city).............................
117
13
12
32
22
20
18
Westchester County......................
209
16
40
47
48
32
26
Ohio:
Hamilton County..........................
214
46
55
31
28
37
17
91
45
Lucas County................................
28
16
2
Montgomery County....................
168
22
4
22
35
29
56
1Population according to the 1930 census.
2All figures for the States, for which totals are given, are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or
more population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
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JUVENILE-COURT STATISTICS
1 3 8
T able X V .— L en gth o f tim e child w a s u n d er su p erv isio n i n cases o f delinquent
children discharged f r o m su p er v isio n h y the courts i n 5 S ta tes, 4 5 courts that
served specified areas w ith 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 or m ore p o p u la tio n , a n d 1 7 7 courts that served
areas with less than 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 p o p u la tio n i n 1 9 3 6 — Continued
Cases of delinquent children
Duration of supervision
Area served by court
Total
A
reas
w it h
100,000
o r m o r e popula
t i o n — Continued.
Oregon: Multnomah County...........
Pennsylvania:
311
233
54
13
5
3
5
322
39
84
15
72
1
311
36
126
37
142
104
25
63
69
213
2
25
5
23
31
115
1
1
13
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County------
10
789
111
351
177
795
39
20
152
14
2
16
5
101
100,000 p o p u LATION........ ....................................................
3,186
934
967
627
239
208
116
95
50,000, less than 100,000................ .
Less than 50,000_________________
Population groups not reported3___
1,118
981
1,087
269
440
225
348
285
334
273
90
264
52
44
143
85
33
90
69
16
31
73
Philadelphia (city and county)---South Carolina: Greenville County.
A
6
18
2
3
year, months,
Less months, 1 less
years, years
Not
re
less
than 6 less than
less
or
18
months than months than 2 than more ported
years
12
3
r e a s w it h l e s s t h a n
4
»Areas in Indiana with less than 100,000 population but population group not specified.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
3
22
SOURCE TABLES, 19 3 6
139
T able X V I .— L en gth o f tim e child w as u n d er su p er v isio n in cases o f d ep en d en t and
neglected children discharged f r o m s u p er v isio n b y the cou rts i n 8 S ta tes, 2 4 courts
that served sp ecified areas w ith 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 or m o re p o p u la tio n , a n d 1 5 cou rts that
served areas w ith less than 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 p o p u la tio n i n 1 9 8 6 1
Cases of dependent and neglected children discharged
from supervision
Duration of supervision
Area served by court
Total
Total cases
.......................................
18
2
6
1 year,
3
Less
years, years
less months,
than 6 months,
less
less
less
than
18
or
months than 12 months than 2 than
more
years
3
4,069
1,270
894
165
776
38
•7
282
14
295
116
6
8
25
5
or more population. . . .
3,770
1,179
847
499
312
Alabama: Mobile County_________ _____
California:
Los Angeles County................................
San Diego County........................... .......
San Francisco (city and county)............ .
District of Columbia............ ........... .
Iowa: Polk County.................................
Louisiana:
Caddo Parish...........................................
Orleans Parish_____________ ________
Michigan:
Oakland County......................................
Wayne County....... ................................
Minnesota: Hennepin County....................
6
3
2
773
51
161
187
48
428
7
55
15
3
105
10
5
4
5
9
143
169
5
42
39
19
25
7
3
633
16
3
239
276
89
State totals:*
Michigan................. .............................
New York..................
Utah............................ ......... ............
Areas with 100,000
Monroe County.......................................
New York (city).....................................
Orange County......................................
Syracuse (city)__________ _____ ______
Westchester County................................
Ohio:
Hamilton County....................................
Lucas County............ ......................... .
Oregon: Multnomah County.....................
Pennsylvania:
Berks County..........................................
Philadelphia (city and county)................
South Carolina: Greenville County........ .
Utah: Third district...................................
Wisconsin: Milwaukee County__________
13
20
5
88
115
3
277
13
15
1,018
22
336
392
628
11
35
29
2
70
29
3
361
572
39
5
88
21
11
1
49
47
77
7
18
29
34
23
39
10
6
6
11
12
8
30
23
61
33
16
12
3
1
10
1
1
21
549
36
1
20
8
1
8
1
2
31
34
20
2
3
7
3
1
1
20
22
2
1
11
17
2
16
34
173
255
37
29
73
78
3
3
4
120
218
1
55
3
2
21
4
5
117
135
3
3
p o p u l a t io n . .
299
91
47
50
24
31
56
50,000, less than 100,000...............................
Less than 50,000........................................
219
80
63
28
30
17
35
15
21
3
23
47
8
9
A reas
w it h l ess t h a n
100,000
i Population according to the 1930 census.
* All figures for the States for which totals are given are also shown by courts for areas with 100,000 or more
population and included in the group total for areas with less than 100,000 population.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
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PART II.— FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1936
141
78616°—39----- 10
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PART II.— FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS FOR THE
YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1936
INTRODUCTION
This part of the report presents information concerning the juve
niles under 19 years of age who violated Federal laws and came to the
attention of Federal authorities during the year ended June 30, 1936.1
Cases of children violating Federal laws who were dealt with by
juvenile courts are not included. In some communities serious viola
tions of Federal laws as well as many minor violations are handled
by the juvenile court. Such cases were included with the figures
presented in part I, Juvenile-Court Statistics. The number of cases
of children dealt with by the Federal courts is influenced by such
factors as the age under which the juvenile courts have jurisdiction,
the attitudes of local authorities toward reference to juvenile rather
than Federal courts, and the degree of development of the State
facilities for juvenile-court work.
The data presented in part II regarding Federal juvenile offenders
are not comparable to the data presented in part 1, Juvenile-Court
Statistics, because the information for juvenile-court statistics is
assembled from one source: Namely, cases disposed of, whereas
statistics for Federal juvenile offenders are assembled from four
different sources, each representing a different stage in the handling
of the case. It has been necessary, therefore, to present the material
in four sections according to the source of the reports received. Each
section, however, presents information regarding some particular
aspect in the treatment of the juvenile offenders. The first section,
Federal juvenile offenders brought to the attention of United States
probation officers, includes data on the geographical distribution,
movement, and disposition of cases; the second section, Federal
juvenile offenders received in jails and held pending trial, includes
information concerning the age and sex of the offenders; the third
section, Federal juvenile offenders discharged from detention after
being held pending trial, includes data on the place and length of
detention and the type of discharge from detention; and the fourth
section, Federal juvenile offenders placed on probation and those
received under sentence in jails and m Federal mstitutions, presents
material regarding the types of offenses.
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS BROUGHT TO THE ATTENTION OF
UNITED STATES PROBATION OFFICERS8
Information available for the year ended June 30, 1936, regarding
Federal juvenile offenders brought to the attention of United States
1The statistics have been compiled by the Bureau of Prisons of the United States Department of Justice
and are based upon reports received in that Bureau from United States probation officers, from United
States marshals, and from Federal institutions that received Federal offenders by court commitment.
1The Federal judicial districts covered by the statistics of Federal juvenile oflenders for the year ended
June 30, 1936, included Puerto Rico and 79 of the 84 Federal judicial districts in the United States. Statis
tics of cases from the five districts not oovered, where no probation officer was on duty during the year,
are included with those reported by other districts whenever the oflenders were referred to United States
probation officers in the adjoining districts. Reports of the District of Columbia are not included, as the
administrative relationship of the District of Columbia courts to the Department of Justice differs from
that of other Federal courts.
143
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
144
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS, 1 9 3 6
probation officers, includes the movement of cases, the geographical
distribution of cases, and the disposition of cases.
Reports from the United States probation officers inidcate that
2,693 cases of juveniles under 19 years of age charged with violation
of Federal laws came to their attention during the year ended June
30, 1936. This number is 8 percent higher than the number (2,501)
reported for the year ended June 30,1935. Of the 2,693 cases handled
during 1936, 2,263 (84 percent) were new cases, and 430 were cases
that had been carried over from the preceding year. Of the total
number of cases, 2,235 (83 percent) were disposed of and 458 were
carried over to the next fiscal year (table A).
T able A .— T ota l cases a n d m ovem ent o f cases o f F ed era l ju v e n ile o ffen d ers brought
to the attention o f U n ited S ta tes p robation officers i n each F ed era l ju d ic ia l district
d u rin g the ye a r en ded J u n e SO, 1 9 3 6
Cases brought to the attention of United States
probation officers
Federal judicial district1
Total
Cases
carried
over from
previous
year
New
cases
Cases dis
posed of
during
year
Cases not
disposed of
June 30,
1936
Total...................................
2,693
430
2,263
2,235
458
Alabama:
Northern........................
76
18
58
67
9
Middle_________________
23
5
3
18
20
Southern............... .......
13
3
3
10
10
Arizona...............
84
9
11
75
73
Arkansas:
Eastern....................................
53
1
52
45
8
Western.............. ....... .......
74
47
27
32
42
California:
Northern..................................................
14
2
12
14
Southern.................................
16
1
2
14
15
Colorado....................................................
2
12
10
12
Connecticut____ _________
1
3
4
4
Florida:
Northern.............. ............ .........
30
8
22
26
4
Southern..........................
83
65
11
18
72
Georgia:
Northern............ ............. ...................
63
17
46
35
28
Middle_____ _____________ _____ _____
58
10
48
39
19
Southern...................... ...............
33
10
23
24
9
Idaho......... ...........................
7
7
7
Illinois:
Northern............. .................. ..........
41
6
35
39
2
Eastern.......... .............................
29
5
1
24
28
Southern..................... ............ ............ ...
1
8
6
2
Indiana:
Northern............... ................................
6
6
6
Southern________________ _________ _
11
1
10
4
Iowa:
Northern........ .......................
1
3
3
2
Southern....................... ........................
5
5
5
Kansas.......... .......................... .
15
2
13
12
3
Kentucky:
Eastern______________________ ______
124
14
110
112
12
Western........ .............................
29
1
28
24
5
Louisiana:
7
Eastern....................... ................ .............
27
20
23
4
Western......................... ............
5
63.
58
50
13
Maine__________ ___________ ....
36
36
35
Maryland........................ .....................
15
2
13
14
1
Massachusetts........ ..........................
10
4
6
2
8
Michigan:
Eastern......................................................
53
5
48
39
14
Minnesota.......... ......... ...............
20
4
16
17
3
1Exclusive of the following districts in which there was no United States probation officer on duty dur
ing the year ended June 30, 1936: Delaware, Ohio (northern), Utah, West Virginia (northern), and Wis
consin (eastern); however, a large proportion of the Federal juvenile offenders in these districts are regu
larly referred to the United States probation officers in adjoining districts. No cases were reported from
Michigan (western).
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145
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS, 19 3 6
T ab le A .— Total cases and movement of cases of Federal juvenile offenders brought
to the attention of United States probation officers in each Federal judicial district
during the year ended June SO, 19S6— Continued
Cases brought to the attention of United States
probation officers
Cases
carried
over from
previous
year
Federal judicial district
Total
Mississippi:
Southern............... . ................................
Missouri:
Western.-------------- ----------------------------
New Jersey_____________________________
New Mexico...........- ................................ .......
New York:
Northern................— ------------------------Western.............................................. —
North Carolina:
Middle ______ ______________________
Ohio:
Oklahoma:
Pennsylvania:
Middle
___ _______________
South Carolina:
Tennessee:
Middle ____________ ________________
Texas:
Virginia:,
Washington:
West Virginia:
Wisconsin:
New
cases
Cases disposed of
during
year
Cases not
disposed of
June 30,
1936
35
88
9
13
26
75
32
66
3
22
34
34
20
6
10
2
33
28
9
4
3
1
31
29
17
6
9
2
29
22
3
5
3
10
1
25
30
17
5
10
2
23
27
19
9
42
23
3
5
17
9
39
18
16
9
41
18
1
5
19
50
38
10
21
49
35
6
7
13
4
21
58
48
10
2
2
6
10
1
4
6
3
63
5
58
59
4
33
58
49
11
8
5
25
58
44
11
30
52
39
10
3
6
10
1
23
10
37
2
2
4
1
21
6
36
2
20
7
29
2
3
3
8
85
23
8
28
4
57
19
8
73
21
3
12
2
5
45
45
35
6
16
4
39
29
31
39
20
29
6
25
6
42
41
70
176
1
4
10
14
6
38
31
56
170
1
39
20
54
173
1
3
21
16
3
22
22
17
20
5
2
22
22
11
12
1
11
11
10
11
1
1
96
20
76
87
9
9
5
3
3
6
5
3
7
5
3
2
The proportion of cases of Federal juvenile offenders brought to the
attention of United States probation officers in each of the geographic
divisions of the United States is shown in table B. Slightly more
than one-fifth (22 percent) of the cases were reported by the four
northern divisions, m which the population 15 to 18 years of age com-
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146
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS, 1 9 3 6
prises 56 percent of the population of these ages in the continental
United States and Puerto Rico. On the other hand, 69 percent of
the total number of cases were in Federal judicial districts in the three
southern divisions that include only 34 percent of the population.
The proportion of cases from the two western divisions was approxi
mately the same as the proportion of the population included in those
areas. The variation in the number of Federal juvenile offenders in
the different geographic divisions may be accounted for in part by
the variations in State facilities for juvenile-court and probation
work. Where such facilities have been well established the general
practice has been to refer cases of Federal juvenile offenders to the
State courts for investigation and disposition. Another factor in
fluencing the number of Federal juvenile offenders in the different
geographic divisions is the age up to which the State juvenile courts
have jurisdiction.
T ab le B .— Population 15 to 18 years of age, inclusive,x in 1980, and total cases and
movement of cases of Federal juvenile offenders brought to the attention of United
States probation officers in each geographic division during the year ended June
80, 1986 *
Total 2.....................
4 northern divisions
9,443,360
100 430
100 2,263
100 2,235
100 458
Percent dis
tribution
Number
'Percent dis
tribution
Number
Percent dis
tribution
Number
Percent dis
tribution
Number
100 2,693
Percent dis
tribution
Cases car
Cases dis Cases not
ried over
posed of disposedof
from pre New cases
during
June 30,
vious year
year
1936
Total
Percent distribution
Number
Oeographic division
Cases brought to the attention of United States probation
officers
Number
Population 15 to
18 years of age 1
in 1930
100
5,260,065
56
606
22
79
18
527
23
518
23
88
19
New England______
Middle Atlantic____
East North Central...
West North Central..
577, 560
1, 890, 268
1,792,015
1,000,222
6
20
19
11
55
196
220
135
2
7
8
5
5
27
26
21
1
6
6
5
50
169
194
114
2
7
9
5
46
169
191
112
2
7
9
5
9
27
29
23
2
6
6
5
3 southern divisions_____
3, 225,781
34 1,854
69
331
77 1,523
68 1,509
68
345
76
South Atlantic *____
East South Central...
West South Central..
1,335,684
856,673
1,033,424
14
9
11
655
513
686
24
19
26
135
89
107
31
21
25
520
424
579
23
19
26
533
419
557
24 122
19 94
25 129
27
21
28
2 western divisions
Mountain________
Pacific................
Puerto Rico.............
803,118
8
230
9
20
5
210
9
205
9
25
5
284,802
518,316
3
5
166
64
7
2
15
5
4
1
151
59
6
3
145
60
6
3
21
4
4
1
154,396
9
3 (*)
3 (3)
3 0
1Very few Federal juvenile offenders are under 15 years of age.
3 Exdudes the District of Columbia because the administrative relation of the District of Columbia courts
to the Department of Justice differs from that of other Federal courts.
3Less than 1 percent.
Table C gives the number and percentage distribution of cases
diverted to State authorities and disposed of by Federal authorities
during the year ended June 30, 1936. A slightly smaller percentage
of cases of juveniles was diverted to State authorities during that
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS,
147
193 6
year than during the year ended June 30, 1935 (8 percent as compared
with 9 percent). The small proportion of cases transferred to State
authorities may be attributed largely to the following factors: (1)
State facilities for the care of juveniles are lacking or inadequate in
many localities; (2) in localities where adequate facilities do exist,
they frequently are not available for the older juveniles, especially
those 18 years of age, who make up a large percentage of the Federal
offenders. These older juveniles, therefore, in many cases can be
handled more effectively by Federal courts than by State courts; (3)
Federal probation service is frequently preferable to the use of the
available State facilities, and, likewise, the facilities available to the
Federal Government for institutional treatment are often superior to
those available to the States.
Consequently it has become apparent that the Federal juvenile
offender problem can be solved only to a limited degree by the diver
sion of juveniles to the States.3
T able C .— Disposition of cases of Federal juvenile offenders brought to the attention
of United States probation officers during the year ended J une SO, 1936
Federal juvenile offend
ers
Disposition of case
Number
Percent dis
tribution
2, 235
100
178
2,067
8
92
Dismissed, no-billed, nol-prossed, juvenile found not guilty......... ............. —
406
18
Dismissed by United States Commissioner------------------------------------No-billed by grand jury........................................- ............................. - —
Nol-prossed by United States attorney------------------------ -------- ---------Juvenile found not guilty------------------------ -------------------- ------ --------
111
134
110
51
5
6
5
2
Disposed of by Federal authorities- .......................................... ..........................
727
32
644
27
66
29
1
2
13
667
1
30
1 year or less. ........... ------- ---------------- --------------- --------------- ............
320
347
14
16
Other disposition of case........ ..................-..........................................-.........
244
11
Juvenile placed on probation________________________________________
To United States probation officer—no other disposition---------------------
Of the 2,235 cases of juveniles brought to the attention of United
States probation officers during the year ended June 30, 1936, the
juveniles in 30 percent were committed to institutions— 16 percent
with periods of commitment exceeding 1 year and 14 percent with
aIn recognition of this situation and in order to provide for improvement in the methods of dealing with the
large proportion of juvenile offenders that cannot be diverted to State authorities, a Federal Juvenile Delin
quency Act was passed by Congress and was signed by the President on June 16,1938. The principal fea
tures of the act are as follows: (1) It applies to all Federal offenders under 18years of age provided they have
not committed offenses punishable by death or life imprisonment; (2) cases of juvenile delinquents are to be
heard on information and tried without a jury before a district judge who may hold court for that purpose at
any time and place within the district—in chambers or otherwise; (3) if found guilty the juvenile may be
placed on probation or he may be committed to the United States Attorney General who may designate any
public or private agency for the custody and care of the offender; (4) the Attorney General is to be notified
of the arrest of any juvenile, and he may provide for the detention of such offenders in a juvenile home;
(5) the Board of Parole of the Department of Justice is given power to parole a juvenile at any time.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
148
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS, 1 9 3 6
periods of commitment of 1 year or less. Cases dismissed, no-billed,
nol-prossed, and cases in which the juvenile was found not guilty
constituted 18 percent of the total cases. In 32 percent of the cases
the juvenile was placed on probation.
There was no change from 1935 to 1936 in the proportion of cases in
which the juveniles were committed to institutions. There was,
however, a slightly larger percentage of cases in 1936 than in 1935 in
which the juvenile was placed on probation (33 percent as compared
with 27 percent). A correspondingly smaller percentage of cases were
dismissed, no-billed, nol-prossed, or found not guilty in 1936 compared
with 1935.
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS RECEIVED IN JAILS AND HELD
PENDING TRIAL 4
The data available for the year ended June 30, 1936, regarding
cases of Federal juvenile offenders received in jails to be held pending
trial include the age and the sex of the offenders. Similar information
is also presented for the years ended June 30, 1935, and June 30, 1934.
D .— Age and sex o f Federal juvenile offenders received in jails and held
T able
pending trial during the years ended June SO, 1934, 1985, and 1986
Offenders received in jail and held pending trial
Year, and age of offender
Total
Boys
Girls
Percent
Percent
Percent
Number distribu Number distribu Number distribu
tion
tion
tion
Y
ear
E
nded
J u n e 30, 1936
Total__________________ _______
1,6 1 7
100
1 ,482
100
135
100
81
129
250
447
710
5
8
15
28
44
66
113
222
421
660
4
8
15
28
45
15
16
28
26
50
11
12
21
19
37
Total________________ _________
1,5 2 4
100
1,413
100
111
100
Under 15 years... .................. ....... ..........
15 years............................ ............. ......... .
16 years_________ ___________________
17 years.___ _____ __________________
18 years................................................. .
76
99
249
422
678
5
6
16
28
6
7
16
28
44
7
6
24
21
53
6
5
22
44
69
93
225
401
625
48
1,167
100
1 ,077
100
90
100
56
61
181
318
551
5
5
46
54
165
301
4
10
7
16
17
40
Under 15 years.................................. .......
15 years..................................... ..............
16 years......... ................... .....................
17 years__ _____ ________________ ___
18 years................................................ ...
Y
Y
ear
ear
E n d e d J u n e 3 0 ,1 9 3 5
19
E n d e d J u n e 3 0 ,1 9 3 4
Total__________________ _____ _
Under 15 years................. ............. ..........
15 years___ _________________________
16 years__ ___________________ ______
17 years.._____ _____________________
18 years............................................. .......
16
27
47
611
5
15
28
47
11
8
18
19
44
During the year ended June 30,1936, there were 1,617 cases in which
the juvenile offenders were received in jails pending trail (1,482 boys’
cases and 135 girls’ cases).® This number was 6 percent greater than
the number reported in the year ended June 30, 1935, and 39 percent
greater than during the year ended June 30, 1934 (table D ).
4Statistics obtained from reports submitted by United States marshals.
8Offenders under 19 years of age constituted 5 percent of the total number of cases of Federal offenders
received in jails and held pending trial during the years ended June 30,1935, and 1934, as well as during 1936.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS, 1 9 3 6
149
The girls received in jails were younger on the average than the
boys. Of the girls received, those m 44 percent of the cases in 1936
and 33 percent in 1935 were under 17 years of age, whereas the boys
were of these ages in only 27 percent and 28 percent of the cases in
1936 and 1935, respectively. In both these years juveniles 18 years
of age constituted the largest group of offenders of each sex.
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS DISCHARGED FROM DETENTION
AFTER BEING HELD PENDING TRIAL
The information available for the year ended June 30, 1936, regard
ing Federal juvenile offenders discharged from detention after being
held pending trial includes the place and length of detention prior to
trial, and the type of discharge from detention. The figures include
all cases of juveniles that were discharged during the year— both
those received for detention prior to the beginning of the year and
those received during the year. They do not mclude cases of offenders
received for detention that were not discharged during the year.
During the year ended June 30, 1936, there were 1,939 cases of
juvenile offenders discharged from detention after being held pending
trial (1,790^ boys’ cases and 149 girls’ cases). This number snows an
8 percent increase over the number (1,800) reported in the year
ended June 30j 1935.
Table E, giving information concerning the place of detention, shows
that in 90 percent of the cases the Federal juvenile offenders dis
charged from detention were held in local jails, 8 percent were detained
in Federal jails, and 2 percent were held in juvenile detention homes.
(The small proportion of juveniles held in Federal jails is accounted
for by the fact that there were such jails only in Louisiana, Michigan,
New York, and Texas.)
T able
E .— Place of detention pending trial o f Federal juvenile offenders o f each
sex discharged from detention during the year ended June SO, 19S6
Offenders discharged from detention after being held
pending trial
Place of detention pending trial
Total
Boys
Girls
Percent
Percent
Percent
Number distribu Number distribu Number distribu
tion
tion
tion
Total cases...............................
Local jail_______ ___________
Federal Jail...................................
Juvenile detention home..... .........
Other institution.....................
1,939
100
1,790
100
149
100
1,747
ISO
33
9
90
8
2
1,611
150
29
90
8
2
136
91
4
9
3
6
0)
1Less than 1 percent.
Table F gives data regarding the length of detention pending trial
of the Federal juvenile offenders that were discharged from detention
during the year ended June 30, 1936. Of the cases of offenders held
1 day or more, 65 percent were held in jails and other places less than
a month, 24 percent were held 1 month but less than 3 months, and
8 percent were detained 3 months or more.
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150
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS, 1 9 3 6
T ab le F .— Length of detention pending trial of Federal juvenile offenders of each
sex discharged from detention during the year ended June SO, 19S6
Offenders discharged from detention after
being held pending trial
Length of detention pending trial
Total
Number
Percent dis
tribution
Boys
Girls
Total cases............................................... ..............
1,039
100
1,790
149
Less than 1 day__________ ________________________
1 day or more........................ ....... ................ ..................
67
1,872
3
97
63
1,727
4
145
1 day, less than 3........... ......................................... .
3 days, less than 1 week________________________
1 week, less than 2.......... ............... ...........................
2 weeks, less than 1 month....... .......................... .......
1 month, less than 2.................................................
2 months, less than 3___________________ _
3 months, less than 6_____________________
6 months, less than 1 year..........................................
330
253
266
418
327
129
135
14
17
13
14
21
17
7
7
1
308
234
248
392
294
111
127
13
22
19
18
26
33
18
8
1
When length of detention pending trial is analyzed for the group
of cases in which the juveniles were released on bail or recognizance
it appears that o n ly 8 percent were detained 1 month or longer. How
ever, of the cases m which the offenders were not released on bail or
recognizance, 41 percent were held 1 month or longer (table G).
T ab le G .— Length of detention pending trial and release on bail or recognizance in
cases o f Federal juvenile offenders discharged from detention during the year ended
June SO, 19S6
Offenders discharged from detention after being held pending
trial
Length of detention pending trial
Released on bail
or recognizance
Total
Not released on bail
or recognizance
Percent
Percent
Number distribu Number distribu Number
tion
tion
Total cases.... .................. ...............
Percent
distribtion
1,039
100
614
100
1,325
100
Less than 1 day________ _______ _____
1 day or more..........................................
67
1,872
3
97
43
571
7
93
24
1,301
2
98
1 day, less than 3................................
3 days, less than 1 week__ _______
1 week, less than 2..............................
2 weeks, less than 1 month_____ ..
1 month, less than 2......................
2 months, less than 3____ ____ _____
3 months, less than 6..........................
6 months, less than 1 year___ ______
330
253
266
418
327
129
135
14
17
13
14
21
17
7
7
1
223
135
86
76
33
10
8
37
22
14
' 12
5
2
i
107
118
180
342
294
119
127
14
g
9
14
26
22
_______________
9
i
The type of discharge from detention most frequently used for
Federal juvenile offenders held pending trial was release on bail or
recognizance (table H). In almost one-third (32 percent) of the cases
the juveniles were released in this manner. In approximately onesixth (17 percent) of the cases the juveniles were transferred under
sentence to Federal penitentiaries, reformatories, or State institu-
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151
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS, 1 9 3 6
tions; in 15 percent they were sentenced to jail; in 13 percent they were
placed on probation; and in 10 percent of the cases they were dismissed.
Other types of discharge were used for relatively small numbers of
cases.
T a b l e H . — T y p e o f discharge o f F ed eral ju v e n ile offend ers o f each sex discharged
f r o m detention d u rin g the y e a r en ded J u n e SO, 1 9 3 6
Offenders discharged from detention after
being held pending trial
Type of discharge
Total
Number
Boys
Percent
distribu
tion
Girls
Total--------------------------------------------- -------- ----------
1,939
100
1,790
149
Released-------- ----------------------------------------------------------
614
32
577
37
O n bail____________________ _____ ____ __________ _____
On recognizance......______________ ——----------------
568
46
30
2
533
44
35
2
Transferred under sentence to Federal penitentiary, reforma
tory, or State institution_____________________________
Sentenced to jail--------------------------------------------------------Placed on probation__________________________________
Case dismissed_______________________________________
Transferred to immigration authorities................................
Transferred to another Federal district.................................
Sentence suspended— .............- ........... —............ ...............
Fine paid---------------------------------------- ------------ ----------Juvenile escaped_____________________________________
Other type, or type not reported.......... ........... .............—
324
294
256
200
70
17
19
5
7
133
17
15
13
10
4
1
1
315
283
239
173
67
17
18
4
6
91
9
11
17
27
3
(■)
«
7
1
1
1
42
1Less than 1 percent.
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS PLACED ON PROBATION AND
THOSE RECEIVED UNDER SENTENCE IN JAILS AND IN FEDERAL
INSTITUTIONS «
Data available regarding Federal juvenile offenders placed on pro
bation and those received under sentence in jails and in Federal in
stitutions include the age, sex, and the offense charged for the three
groups of offenders. Similar information is also presented for the
years ended June 30,1935, and June 30, 1934.
Federal juvenile offenders placed on probation and those received
in jails and Federal institutions under sentence comprise the great
majority of offenders for whom Federal authorities continue re
sponsibility and supervision after disposition of the case. Table I
shows that during the year ended June 30, 1936, in 664 cases the
Federal offenders under 19 years of age were placed under the super
vision of United States probation officers;- in 379 cases they were
committed to jails; and in 277 cases they were committed to Federal
institutions. The number of juveniles whose cases were disposed of
bv each of these three methods was larger in 1936 than in either 1935
or 1934.
«These statistics pertain to all Federal offenders under 19 years of age received from courts by United
States probation officers for supervision during the year, and to all Federal offenders under 19 years received
under sentence in county and city Jails, Federal jails, prisons, reformatories, and prison camps.
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FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS, 19 3 6
T ab le I .— Sex o f Federal juvenile offenders placed under the supervision o f United
States probation officers, and o f offenders received under sentence in jails and in
F ederal institutions during the years ended June SO, 1984, 1985, and 1986
Federal juvenile offenders—
Year, and sex of juvenile
Placed under Received under sen
supervision
tence in—
of United
States
probation
Federal in
Jails1 stitutions
officers
1
Y ear Ended June 30,1936
Total_______________
Boys........................ ....... ..........
Girls................. . ...................
664
379
277
628
36
359
20
270
7
510
338
269
482
28
328
10
265
4
Y ear Ended J u n e 30,1935
Total.......... ......................
Boys........................................
Girls_______ _____ ______
Y ear Ended June 30,1934
T o ta l.______ _______
Boys.............: ..............................
372
297
176
344
28
279
18
167
9
1Includes Federal, county, and city jails.
8Includes penitentiaries, reformatories, and prison, reformatory, and correctional camps
Data in table J indicate that the juvenile offenders placed under
the supervision of United States probation officers were younger than
those received under sentence in jails or Federal institutions. There
was little change from 1934 to 1936 in the percentage of juveniles in
each age group. In each year there were more cases of juveniles of 18
years than of any other age. In 1936 this group constituted 42 percent
° f the offenders placed under supervision of United States probation
officers, 55 percent of those received under sentence in jails, and 68
percent of those committed to Federal institutions.
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153
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS, 19 3 6
T able J.— Age of Federal juvenile offenders placed under the supervision of United
States probation officers, and of offenders received under sentence in jails and in
Federal institutions during the years ended June SO, 1934, 1985, and 1936
Federal Juvenile offenders—
Y e a r , a n d age o f j u v e n ile
P la c e d u n d e r s u
p e r v is io n o f U n it e d
S ta tes p r o b a tio n
o ffic e r s
R e c e i v e d u n d e r s e n t e n c e in —
F e d e r a l i n s t it u t i o n s 2
J a ils 1
N um ber
P ercen t
d is t r i
b u tio n
N um ber
P ercen t
d is t r i
b u tio n
N um ber
T o t a l ...................................................................
664
100
379
100
277
100
U n d e r 16 y e a r s ........... .................- ............................
16 y e a r s ______________ __________________________
17 y e a r s . . . .................................... ................. ...............
18 y e a r s ................................................ ..........................
71
106
208
279
11
16
31
42
26
37
108
208
7
10
28
55
3
22
63
189
1
8
23
68
510
100
338
100
269
100
46
73
170
221
9
14
33
43
19
35
94
190
6
10
28
56
3
17
76
173
1
6
28
64
T o t a l ____________________________________
372
100
297
100
176
100
U n d e r 16 y e a r s _____________________ __________
16 y e a r s -------------------------------------------------------------17 y e a r s ......... .......... ................................................ ..
18 y e a r s ............................................................................
19
56
121
176
5
15
33
47
13
32
90
162
4
11
30
55
1
5
49
121
1
3
28
69
Y
Y
eah
ear
E
E
nded
nded
J u n e 3 0 ,1 9 3 6
J u n e 30 ,1 9 3 5
T o t a l ____________________________________
U n d e r 16 y e a r s ........................................ ...................
16 y e a r s ...........................................................................
17 y e a r s -------------------- ----------------------------------------18 y e a r s ............................................................................
Y
ear
E
nded
P ercen t
d is t r i
b u tio n
J u n e 30, 1934
1Includes Federal, county, and city jails.
2Includes penitentiaries, reformatories, and prison, reformatory, and correctional camps.
Table K gives information regarding the offense charged for the
three groups of juvenile offenders. In each of the 3 years, 1934, 1935,
and 1936, violation of the liquor laws was the most frequent offense for
the juveniles placed under the supervision of United States probation
officers, although violation of the Immigration Act was more frequent
among offenders received under sentence in jails. Among juveniles
sentenced to Federal institutions, violation of the M otor Vehicle
Theft Act stood first in each year.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Y
154
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS, 193 6
T ab le K .— Offense charged in cases o f Federal juvenile offenders placed under the
supervision o f United States probation officers, and offenders received under
sentence in jails and in Federal institutions during the years ended June SO 1984,
1936, and 19S6
Federal juvenile offenders—
Year, and offense charged
Placed under
supervision of
United States
probation
officers
Received under sentence in—
Federal insti
tutions *
Jails1
Percent Num Percent
Num Percent
distri Num
distri
distri
ber bution
ber bution
ber bution
Y ear Ended June 30, 1936
Total______________________________
Violation of—
Liquor laws................. .............................
Immigration Act.............................................
Motor Vehicle Theft Act....................................
Postal laws.................. .......................
Laws against counterfeiting and forging................
Interstate Commerce Act (Car Seal Act)....
Narcotic Drug Act......................................
White Slave Traffic Act______________
Other laws or offense not reported_____
Y ear Ended June 30, 1935
Total............... .......... .......... ......
Violation of—
Liquor laws..................................... ..........
Immigration Act...................................
Motor Vehicle Theft Act...................................
Postal laws_______ ___________
Laws against counterfeiting and forging........ .......
Interstate Commerce Act (Car Seal Act)___
Narcotic Drug Act............................................
White Slave Traffic Act............... ........... .
Other laws or offense not reported_____
Y ear Ended June 30, 1934
Total..................................................
Violation of—
Liquor laws___________ __________
Immigration Act......................................
Motor Vehicle Theft Act................................
Postal law s........... ..................
Laws against counterfeiting and forging__
Interstate Commerce Act (Car Seal Act)....
Narcotic Drug Act...............................
Other laws or offense not reported..............
664
100
379
100
277
338
51
25
50
4
4
2
1
1
22
12
15
7
3
1
1
10
93
191
17
16
7
3
3
61
78
102
44
21
5
9
67
124
31
17
12
6
46
11
6
4
2
49
13
20
7
510
100
338
<100
269
100
243
48
88
32
15
11
10
5
(*)
1
10
101
133
22
19
14
6
5
1
37
30
78
55
50
24
1
5
54
7
6
4
2
1
10
94
35
18
13
7
2
9
35
13
7
5
3
1
3
372
*100
297
100
176
100
164
45
73
25
41
23
53
62
39
15
1
38
14
17
11
4
(*)
9
18
16
3
8
4
36
6
5
1
3
1
12
62
26
9
23
5
6
35
15
5
13
3
4
0
1Includes Federal, county, and city jails.
2Includes penitentiaries, reformatories, and prison, reformatory, and correctional camps.
* Less than 1 percent.
4 Based on 336 juveniles for whom offense was reported.
5Based on 369 juveniles for whom offense was reported.
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
100
m
FEDERAL JUVENILE OFFENDERS, 19 3 6
155
SUM M ARY
Although the statistics for each of the four sections included in this
part of the report have been based upon reports of different groups of
juvenile offenders, the analysis of the data for each group has indicated
that there was an increase from 1935 to 1936 in the number of juveniles
dealt with by Federal authorities. In the largest group of Federal
juvenile offenders, those brought to the attention of United States
probation officers, the increase from 1935 to 1936 amounted to 8
percent.
It is possible that to some extent this increase is apparent rather
than actual, and that to some extent it represents a more complete
reporting of cases, as the result of closer administrative supervision.
However, it also seems probable that there has been some real increase
in the number of juveniles violating Federal laws as, for several years,
there has been a general upward trend in the total number of Federal
offenders, both adult and juvenile, dealt with by the courts.
o
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
https://fraser.stlouisfed.org
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
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