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V •X 3 Industry ' /7 3 ^ Wage Survey \ > Scheduled Airlines, August 1970 Bulletin 1734 U.S. DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 1972 Dayton & Montgomery Cq , Public Library APR 121972 DOCUMENT COLLECTION Industry Wage Survey Scheduled Airlines, August 1970 Bulletin 1734 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR J. D. Hodgson, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner 1972 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 45 cents P re fa c e T h i s b u l l e t i n s u m m a r i z e s t h e r e s u l t s o f an A u g u s t 1 9 7 0 B u r e a u of L a b o r S ta tis tic s s u r v e y of o ccu p a tio n a l w a g e s and su p p lem en ta ry p r a c t i c e s in t h e N a tion *s s c h e d u le d a irlin e s. A s u m m a r y t a b u l a t i o n p r o v i d i n g i n f o r m a t i o n on e a r n i n g s a n d r e l a t e d b e n e f i t s w a s i s s u e d in J u l y 1 9 7 1 . C o p ies of th is r e l e a s e a r e a v a ila b le fr o m th e U .S . D e p a r tm e n t of L a b o r , B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a t i s t ic s , W a sh in g to n , D .C . 20 2 12, or any of its r e g io n a l o ffic e s . T h e s tu d y w a s c o n d u c te d in th e B u r e a u * s O f f i c e of W a g e s and I n d u s t r ia l R e la tio n s . T h e a n a l y s i s in t h i s b u l l e t i n w a s p r e p a r e d b y E d w a r d J . C a r a m e l a in t h e D i v i s i o n of O ccu p a tio n a l W age S tru ctu re s. F ield w ork fo r the s u r v e y w a s d ir e c t e d b y th e B u r e a u *s A s s i s t a n t R e g io n a l D ir e c to r s fo r O p e ra tio n s. O th e r r e p o r ts a v a ila b le f r o m th e B u r e a u *s p r o g r a m of in d u s t r y w a g e s t u d ie s , a s w e l l a s th e a d d r e s s e s of th e B u r e a u * s r e g i o n a l o f f i c e s , a r e l i s t e d at th e en d of th is b u lletin . iii C o n te n ts Page S u m m a r y -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I n d u s t r y c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s _____ _______________________________________________________ C o m p a n y p r a c t i c e s a n d s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s ---------------------------------------------------S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s a n d s h i f t p r o v i s i o n s ___________________________________ P a i d h o l i d a y s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P a i d v a c a t i o n s _________________________________________________________________ H e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e t i r e m e n t p l a n s -----------------------------O t h e r s e l e c t e d b e n e f i t s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1 2 5 5 5 5 5 6 T a b le s: E a rn in g s— 1. G r o s s m o n t h l y e a r n i n g s : F l i g h t a t t e n d e n t s ____________________________ 2. S tr a ig h t-tim e h o u rly ea rn in g s: A i r c r a f t in s p e c to r s a n d m e c h a n i c s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. S t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s : O th e r m a in te n a n c e and r e l a t e d o c c u p a t i o n s ___________________________________________________ 4. S t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s : D i s p a t c h e r s ____________________________ 5. S tr a ig h t-tim e w e e k ly ea rn in g s: C u s to m e r s e r v i c e s o c c u p a t i o n s ________________ 6. S t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s : O f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s ______________ 7. S t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly ea rn in g s: E le c t r o n ic d ata p r o c e s s in g o c c u p a t i o n s --------------------------------------------------------------------------;------------------------------------ 14 C o m p a n y p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s : 8. S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s ________________________________________________ 9. S h i f t d i f f e r e n t i a l p r o v i s i o n s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------10. P a i d h o l i d a y s __________________________________________________________ 11. P a i d v a c a t i o n s _________________________________________________________ 12. H e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e t i r e m e n t p l a n s ---------------------------------------------------------13. O t h e r s e l e c t e d b e n e f i t s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 16 17 18 19 19 A p p en d ixe s: A. P i l o t p a y -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------B. S c o p e a n d m e t h o d o f s u r v e y -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------C. O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s __________________________________________________ 21 24 27 7 8 9 10 11 12 In d u stry W a g e S u rv e y — S cheduled Airlines, A ugust 1970 Summary m a in te n a n c e and r e la t e d w o r k e r s , c u s t o m e r s e r v i c e s a g e n ts, and o ffic e c l e r i c a l em p lo y e e s. W here p o s s ib le , s u r v e y data w e r e ta b u lated s e p a r a te ly fo r d o m e s tic tru n k a i r lin e s ( p r im a r ily s e r v i n g the l a r g e r c itie s ) and lo c a l s e r v i c e a ir lin e s ( p r im a r ily o p era tin g b e t w e e n s m a lle r co m m u n itie s, lin k in g th e m w ith th e l a r g e r c i t i e s ) . W age l e v e l s w e r e u s u a lly h ig h e r in th e d o m e s t i c tr u n k c a r r i e r s th an in l o c a l s e r v i c e a irlin e s, w h ile the in cid e n ce of frin g e b e n e fits w a s g e n e r a lly s i m i la r . G r o s s m o n th ly e a r n in g s of 32,4 0 0 flig h t attendants ( s te w a r d s and s t e w a r d e s s e s ) in s c h e d u le d a i r l i n e s a v e r a g e d $ 6 1 2 in A u g u s t 1970. O th er o ccu p a tio n s c o v e r e d b y the B u r e a u ’ s s u r v e y 1 in c lu d e d a i r c r a f t m e c h a n ic s and in sp ecto rs, ground and ram p se rvic e m e n , d isp a tch ers, cu sto m e r se rvice s agen ts, electro n ic d a t a p r o c e s s in g p e r s o n n e l, and a n u m b e r o f o f fice c le r ic a l jo b s . P ilo ts and c o p ilo ts w e r e not stu died; a p p en d ix A of th is b u l le tin , how ever, d e scrib e s th e facto rs u s e d to d e t e r m i n e p a y f o r p i l o t s a n d c o p ilo ts , and p r o v id e s e x a m p le s of e a r n in g s s u c h f a c t o r s w o u ld y i e l d u n d er s p e c if i e d circu m sta n ces. A i r c r a f t i n s p e c t o r s , the h ig h e s t p a id of the h o u r l y - r a t e d jo b s stu d ied , a v e r a g e d $ 5 .8 0 an h o u r . A i r c r a f t m e c h a n i c s , n u m e r i c a l l y the m o s t im p o r ta n t o c c u p a tio n in th e s u r v e y , a v e r a g e d $ 5 . 3 7 an h o u r. G rou n d and r a m p s e r v i c e m e n a v e r a g e d $ 4 .0 8 an hou r; a i r c r a f t c l e a n e r s , $ 3 . 7 4 . D is p a t c h e r s and c l a s s A s y s t e m s a n a l y s t s a v e r a g e d $ 3 2 3 and $300 a w e e k , r e s p e c t i v e l y , and w e r e th e h ig h e s t p a id gro u p s stu d ied . A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s of va rio u s typ es of cu sto m er se rvices a g en ts (e .g ., t ic k e t a g e n ts , fr e ig h t agen ts) ranged fro m $ 1 5 4 to $ 1 7 1 . O ffice m e s s e n g e r s and t y p i s t s , a v e r a g i n g f r o m $ 1 1 2 to $ 1 1 9 a w e e k , w e r e th e lo w e s t p a id o c cu p atio n s. W om en a cco u n te d fo r v ir t u a lly a ll flig h t atten d an ts jo b s and m o r e than n in e -te n th s o f the o ffic e c l e r i c a l p o s i tio n s. N e a r l y h a lf o f the c u s t o m e r s e r v ic e s agents w e re w om en, as w e re o n efourth of the e le c tr o n ic d ata p r o c e s s in g p e r s o n n e l. W o m e n w e r e s e l d o m found in the o th e r jo b s s u r v e y e d . P a id h o lid a y s, paid v a c a t i o n s , and h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , and r e t ir e m e n t b e n e fits w e r e p r o v id e d b y v ir t u a lly a ll a i r l i n e s . A n o ta b le e x c e p t io n to t h is p a tt e r n w ere fligh t attendants who r a r e ly r e c e iv e d p a id h o lid a y s . D e ta ile d in fo r m a tio n on th e i n c id e n c e o f t h e s e p r o v is i o n s w a s o b t a i n e d f o r e m p l o y e e s in f o u r o c c u p a tio n al g ro u p s , i.e ., flig h t atten d an ts, Industry characteristics T h e 27 sc h e d u le d a ir lin e s w ith in the s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y e m p lo y e d a p p r o x i m a t e l y 2 8 1 , 0 0 0 w o r k e r s in A u g u s t 1970 . S ch ed u led a ir lin e s a r e d efin ed as th o s e h o ld in g c e r t i f i c a t e s o f p u b lic c o n v e n ie n c e and n e c e s s i t y u n d er th e C i v i l A e r o n a u tic s A c t and o p e r a t in g o v e r f ix e d r o u te s on fix e d s c h e d u le s . Such a ir lin e s a r e p r i m a r i l y e n g a g e d in t h e t r a n s p o r t a t i o n o f r e v e n u e p a s s e n g e r s o r in th e t r a n s p o r ta tio n o f ca r g o or fre ig h t and in clu d e d o m e stic trunk a irlin e s, lo ca l s e r v ic e a i r l i n e s , a l l - c a r g o c a r r i e r s , and i n t e r n atio n al a n d t e r r i t o r i a l c a r r i e r s . The s u r v e y e x c lu d e d h e lic o p te r s e r v i c e s and i n t r a - A l a s k a and in tra -H a w a ii a ir lin e s . T h e d o m e s tic trunk a ir lin e s a cco u n ted fo r n e a r l y f o u r - f if t h s of th e w o r k e r s (220,000); a b o u t s e v e n - t e n t h s o f t h e s e w e r e e m p lo yed by the B ig Four— A m e r ica n , E a s t e r n , T r a n s W o rld , and U n ited A i r lin e s . L o c a l s e r v i c e a i r li n e s and the i n te r n a t io n a l and t e r r i t o r i a l c a r r i e r s e a c h a c c o u n te d fo r about o n e -te n th of the to ta l w o r k fo r c e ; th e a l l - c a r g o c a r r i e r s e m p lo y ed v ir tu a lly a ll the re m a in d e r (le ss than 2 p e r c e n t) . N e a r l y a ll a ir l i n e s in th is stud y a r e h e a d q u a r te r e d in m a jo r cities; m a n y of th e ir e m p lo y e e s, h ow ever, a r e l o c a t e d in t h e w i d e l y s c a t t e r e d c i t i e s and to w n s s e r v i c e d by th e se a irlin e s. 1 See appendix B for scope and method of survey and for definition of terms and earnings concepts used in this bulletin. 1 a g ree m e n ts. W here th e se em p lo y e e s w e r e c o v e r e d , c o n tr a c ts w e r e u s u a lly w ith th e A i r L in e s E m p lo y e e s A s s o c i a t i o n o r the In tern a tio n al B ro th e rh o o d of T e a m s t e r s . From 1950 throu gh 1970, 126 w o r k sto p p a g e s r e la te d to c o lle c t iv e b a r g a in in g h a v e o c c u r r e d in th is in d u s t r y , in v o lv in g about 4 3 7 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s , and a c c o u n tin g fo r abou t 7 .3 m il l i o n id le m a n - d a y s . T h e la r g e m a j o r i t y o f th e id le m a n - d a y s w e r e due to s to p p a g e s w h e r e w a g e s (m a in ly ) and jo b s e c u r i t y , o r both, w e r e th e m a j o r is s u e s .5 In 1 9 5 0 , w h e n t h e a i r l i n e s w e r e in t h e p isto n era, e m p lo y m e n t to ta le d about 8 3 ,0 0 0 , i n c r e a s i n g to 1 4 7 ,0 0 0 at th e b e g in n in g o f th e j e t a g e in 1958, 2 and to th e p r e s e n t le v e l o f 2 8 1 ,0 0 0 w ith the ad ven t of th e ju m b o je t s . T h e 2 4 0 - p e r c e n t i n c r e a s e in e m p l o y m e n t d u r i n g t h e 1 9 5 0 —70 p e r i o d w a s m o r e t h a n m a t c h e d b y a g a i n o f o v e r 300 p e r c e n t in o utput p e r e m p l o y e e an d a 1 4 - f o l d i n c r e a s e in th e i n d u s t r y ' s o u tp u t.3 T h e s e in cre a ses in output represent average a n n u a l r a t e s o f a b o u t 7 a n d 14 p e r c e n t , r e s p e c t i v e ly , d u rin g the 2 0 - y e a r p e r io d . In 1 9 7 0 , h o w e v e r , e m p l o y e e a n d i n d u s t r y output w e r e up o n ly 3 an d 2 p e r c e n t f r o m th e p r e v io u s y e a r . T o ta l sch ed u led a ir lin e tr a ffic , as m e a s u r e d b y o v e r a l l r e v e n u e to n m i l e s flo w n , h a d a n a v e r a g e g r o w t h r a t e o f a b o u t 16 p e r c e n t in th e s i x t i e s . H ow ever, 1970 tra ffic w as o n l y 1 p e r c e n t a b o v e th at Occupational earnings G r o s s m o n th ly e a rn in g s o f flig h t a tte n dan ts in s c h e d u le d a ir li n e s a v e r a g e d $ 6 1 2 i n A u g u s t 1 9 7 0 . ( S e e t a b l e 1 .) I n d i v i d u a l e a r n in g s r a n g e d fr o m le s s than $ 250 fo r the m o n th to o v e r $ 1,10 0 , w ith th e m id d le ra n g e o f the flig h t atten d an ts r e c e iv in g f r o m $ 5 2 6 to $ 6 9 2 . C o n tr ib u tin g to th e w id e * d is p e r s io n of e a r n in g s w e r e tw o m a jo r pay co m po n ents— b a s ic sa la rie s, w h ic h v a r y b y le n g th o f s e r v i c e , and in c e n tiv e p a y (a lso c a lle d o v e r tim e pay) fo r c r e d ite d flig h t h o u rs e x c e e d in g s p e c ifie d m in im u m s. P a y s c a l e s fo r both o f t h e s e f a c t o r s d i f f e r e d a m o n g a i r l i n e s an d, in the c a s e of in c e n tiv e s , s o m e tim e s v a r ie d w ith in an a i r l i n e b y th e t y p e o f a i r c r a f t to w h ic h th e flig h t atten d an t w a s a s s i g n e d (i.e., p r o p e lle r o r je t). To illu stra te , a c c o r d i n g to l a b o r - m a n a g e m e n t c o n t r a c t a g r e e m e n t s in e f f e c t am ong d o m e stic trunk a irlin e s in A u g u s t 1970, b a sic m o n th ly s a l a r i e s fo r s t e w a r d e s s e s w ith 4 y e a r s of s e r v i c e r a n g e d f r o m $ 4 3 5 to $ 6 2 7 . M o n th ly c r e d ite d flig h t h o u rs a fte r w h ich o v e r t im e o r in c e n tiv e p a y b e ga n u su a lly v a r ie d b e t w e e n 65 a n d 7 1 ; t h e re c o r d e d fo r 19 6 9 .4 H i s t o r i c a l l y , c a p a c it y and t r a f f ic in th e sch ed u led a ir lin e s in d u stry h a ve ten d ed to g r o w in an a lt e r n a t in g p a tte r n , i . e . , t r a ffic gro w th w ill run ahead of c a p a c ity fo r a tim e , then c a p a c ity w ill o utpace tr a ffic fo r a fe w y e a r s . F o r e x a m p le , w hen the la r g e r and fa s t e r je t a ir c r a ft w e r e i n t r o d u c e d in th e la t e f i f t i e s , th e in d u s t r y 's c a p a c it y to p r o v id e s e r v i c e e x c e e d e d the d e m an d . Dem and in cre a sed , but in r e s p o n s e n e w e r m o d e l s , s u c h a s th e s t r e t c h j e t s and th e ju m b o j e t s , w e r e in tr o d u c e d , and th e n e w c a p a c it y a g a in exceed ed dem and. S lig h tly m o r e than n in e -te n th s o f the flig h t a tten d a n ts and n e a r ly s e v e n -e ig h t h s o f th e m a in te n a n c e and r e la t e d w o r k e r s w e r e c o v e r e d b y u n io n c o n t r a c t s . W ith few e x ce p tio n s, flig h t atten d an ts w ere c o v e r e d b y c o n tr a c ts w ith th e A i r L in e S te w a r d s and S te w a r d e sse s A s so c ia tio n of th e T r a n s p o r t W o r k e r s U n io n ( T W U ) o r w ith th e A i r L in e P i lo t s A s s o c i a t i o n . M ain ten a n ce w o r k e r s w e r e u s u a lly r e p r e s e n te d by the In tern a tio n al A s s o c ia t io n o f M a c h in is t s (IA M ) o r the T W U . G e n e r a l l y , th e a i r l i n e u n io n s a r e o r g a n iz e d b y c r a ft; h o w e v e r , th e IA M and th e T W U a r e tw o m a jo r e x c e p tio n s , e a c h r e p r e s e n tin g v a rio u s c la s s e s of cr a fts . In c o n t r a s t t o f l i g h t atten d a n ts and m a in te n a n ce w orkers, th re e -fo u rth s of the o f f ic e c l e r i c a l and t h r e e - f i f t h s o f the c u s to m e r s e r v ic e s agen ts w e r e em p lo yed in a i r l i n e s w h e r e s u c h w o r k e r s u s u a l l y w e r e not c o v e r e d b y la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t 2 Source: Air Transport 1970. p. 13. (The annual report of the U. S. scheduled airline industry, published by the Air Transport Association of America, Washington, D.C. 20036.) 3 Indexes of Output Per Man-Hour, Selected Industries. 1939 and 1 9 4 7 -7 0 (ELS Bulletin 1692, 1971). Data for 1970 are preliminary. 4 Air Transport 1970, op. cit. , p. 26. 5 Airline Experience under the Railway Labor A ct (ELS Bulletin 1683, 1971), p. 36, and unpublished ELS data, available on request. 6 Credited flight hours refer to the combined total of actual flight hours and flight-hour equivalents for nonflying and deadheading time. For a more detailed explanation, see appendix B. 2 h o u rly ra tes p a id for o v e r tim e hours t y p i c a l l y r a n g e d f r o m ab o u t $ 7 to $ 1 1 fo r je t a ir c r a ft. O v e r tim e ra te s w e re s o m e t i m e s l e s s i f t h o s e h o u r s w e r e flo w n on a p ro p e lle r a irc ra ft. T w o - t h i r d s o f th e 3 2 ,4 2 2 s t e w a r d s and s te w a r d e s s e s c o v e r e d b y the s u r v e y w e r e p a i d f o r 70 to 85 c r e d i t e d f l i g h t h o u r s d u r in g A u g u s t 1 9 7 0 .7 P a y c o r r e s p o n d in g to t h e s e h o u r s a v e r a g e d f r o m $ 5 7 7 to $ 6 6 5 . F l ig h t a tten d a n ts p a id fo r l e s s than 50 c r e d i t e d f l i g h t h o u r s (6 p e r c e n t o f t h e w o r k e r s ) a v e r a g e d $ 43 5 ; t h o s e p a i d f o r 90 h o u r s o r m o r e (4 p e r c e n t ) a v e r a g e d $ 8 1 9 . E v e n w ith in a r e l a t i v e l y n a r r o w band of c r e d ite d flig h t h o u r s, in d ivid u a l ea rn in g s span n ed a w id e ra n g e ; fo r e x a m p le , flig h t a t t e n d a n t s p a i d f o r 70 t o 7 5 c r e d i t e d f l i g h t h o u rs d u r in g th e s u r v e y m o n th (o n e-fou rth o f the to ta l) r e c e i v e d f r o m $ 3 5 0 to $ 9 5 0 . S lig h tly m o r e than 71,000 w orkers, v i r t u a l l y a l l m e n , w e r e e m p l o y e d in th e m a in te n a n c e and r e la t e d o c c u p a tio n s s u r veyed. E a r n i n g s of th e 3 6 ,0 0 0 a i r c r a f t m e c h a n ic s , n u m e r ic a lly the m o s t im p o r tant o c c u p a tio n in th e stu d y, averaged $ 5 . 3 7 a n h o u r . ( S e e t a b l e 2.) T h o s e r e q u ired to m a k e e m e r g e n c y r e p a i r s on a ircra ft at a i r p o r t s (lin e m a in te n a n c e ) a v e r a g e d $ 5 .4 5 an h o u r , c o m p a r e d w ith $ 5 .3 2 for a ir c r a ft m e c h a n ic s p e rfo rm in g m a j o r o v e r h a u l r e p a i r (s ho p m a i n t e n a n c e ) . A i r c r a f t i n s p e c t o r s had th e h ig h e s t a v e r a g e e a r n in g s a m o n g the m a in te n a n c e jo b s s u r v e y e d — $ 5 .8 0 an h ou r; th o s e "on the l i n e ” a v e r a g e d $ 5 .8 7 ; th o s e in th e sh op, $ 5 .7 5 . T h e se d iffe re n ces la r g e ly re fle c t the g e n e r a l p r a c t i c e o f p a y in g a i r c r a f t m e c h a n i c s and i n s p e c t o r s on lin e w o r k 5 o r 10 c e n t s p e r h o u r m o r e t h a n t h o s e on shop m a in te n a n c e . A ircra ft in sp e cto rs a r e re q u ire d to h ave a v a lid F e d e r a l A v ia tio n A d m in is tr a tio n (F A A ) a ir f r a m e a n d /o r p o w e rp la n t lic e n s e o r a F e d e r a l C o m m u n ica tio n s C o m m issio n (F C C ) ra d io te le p h o n e l i c e n s e , s e c o n d c l a s s o r h ig h e r , o r both, d e p en d in g upon t h e ir w o r k a s s i g n m e n t s . M e c h a n ic s a r e a ls o g e n e r a l l y r e q u ir e d to h old one o r m o r e o f t h e s e c e r t i f i c a t e s . T y p ic a lly , a i r c r a f t i n s p e c t o r s and m e ch a n ic s w e r e in a ir lin e s p a y in g a p r e m iu m of 5 c e n ts an h ou r fo r e a c h v a li d l i c e n s e h e l d , t o a m a x i m u m o f t w o (1 0 cen ts) at th e t im e o f the s u r v e y . Such licen se p re m iu m s are in c lu d e d in th e earn in g s re p o rte d fo r t h e s e tw o o c c u p a tio n s. A s s e e n in t a b l e 2 , a v e r a g e s fo r th e se tw o o c c u p a tio n s w e r e h ig h e r i n t h e l o c a l s e r v i c e a i r l i n e s t h a n in t h e d o m e s tic tru n k c a r r i e r s , th e o n ly su ch in s ta n c e s am ong th e jo b s fo r w h ich c o m p a r a b le data can be shown. A i r c r a f t s e r v i c e m e n a v e r a g e d $ 4 .0 8 an h o u r . ( S e e t a b l e 3 .) T h o s e s e r v i c i n g t h e a i r c r a f t w ith fu e l, o il, h y d r a u l i c flu id , and o p e r a tin g m o b ile a i r - c o n d i t i o n i n g u n its (ground w o r k e r s ) a v e r a g e d $ 4 .2 2 an hour. T h o s e eq u ip p in g a i r c r a f t c a b in s w ith p a s s e n g e r s e r v i c e i t e m s , su c h a s food and b e v e r a g e s , and l o a d i n g and u n lo a d in g c a r g o (ra m p w o r k e r s ) a v e r a g e d 3 cen ts l e s s than the gro u n d w o r k e r s . S e rvice m en p e rfo rm in g ground and r a m p d u tie s in te rch a n g e a b ly — p r im a r ily re p o rte d in a ir l i n e s o th e r than th e B ig F o u r — a v e r a g e d $ 3 .9 2 an h ou r. J a n ito r s , th e l o w e s t p a id o c c u p a t i o n in th e m a in t e n a n c e group, a v e ra ge d $ 3 .6 1, c o m p a r e d w ith $ 3 . 7 4 f o r a i r c r a f t c l e a n e r s . In s o m e i n s t a n c e s , s e r v i c e m e n and a i r c r a f t c l e a n e r s a lso r e c e iv e d a '" lin e " d iffe r e n tia l, t y p i c a l l y 5 c e n ts an h o u r. W h e r e found, it w a s in c lu d e d in t h e i r e a r n i n g s f o r th e survey. A ir lin e d is p a tc h e r s , ea rn in g fr o m le s s th a n $ 200 up to $ 3 7 0 a w e e k in A u g u s t 1970, h ad the h ig h e s t a v e r a g e ($ 3 2 3 a w e e k ) in t h e s u r v e y . ( S e e t a b l e 4 .) D i s p atch ers (v irtu a lly a ll m en) a u th o rize , r e g u la te , and c o n tr o l c o m m e r c i a l a ir lin e f l i g h t s (in c o n c e r t w i t h t h e p i l o t i n c o m m and) a c c o r d in g to G o v e r n m e n t and c o m p a n y r e g u la t i o n s to e x p e d it e and in s u r e th e s a f e t y o f the flig h t and c o n tr o l the e c o n o m ic fa c t o r s of fligh t. T h e s e w o r k e r s m u s t h old an F A A l i c e n s e fo r su ch w o r k . N e a r l y t w o - t h i r d s o f th e 645 d i s p a tc h e r s w e r e e m p lo y e d b y the d o m e s tic tr u n k c a r r i e r s and a v e r a g e d $ 3 3 6 fo r a 4 0 -h o u r w e e k ; in l o c a l s e r v ic e * a i r l i n e s , d is p a t c h e r s a v e r a g e d $ 3 1 6 fo r th e s a m e num ber of hours. C u sto m e r s e r v ic e s a g en ts, i.e ., tick e t, re serva tio n s sa le s, p a ssen g er s e r v ic e s , and fr e ig h t ag en ts, a v e r a g e d b e tw e e n $154 a n d $ 1 7 1 a w e e k . ( S e e t a b l e 5 .) W o m e n a c c o u n te d fo r n e a r ly o n e -h a lf o f the c u s to m e r s e r v ic e s agen ts jo b s, m o s tly r e s e r v a t i o n s s a l e s a n d t i c k e t a g e n ts , a n d g e n e r a l l y a v e r a g e d ab ou t the s a m e as m e n . 7 The number of credited flight hours reported relate to only one particular month and may not be representative of those in other months. Seasonality, of traffic on certain scheduled routes, for instance, may substantially influence hours and earnings of flight attendants. 3 N in e o ffic e c le ric a l jo b s w e r e s u r v e y e d , c o v e r i n g 16 l e v e l s o f w o r k . ( S e e t a b l e 6 .) A v e r a g e w e e k l y e a r n i n g s o f t h e i n c u m b e n t s , m o r e t h a n 90 p e r c e n t w o m e n , ran ged fr o m about $ 1 1 3 fo r m e s s e n g e r s and c l a s s B t y p is t s to $ 1 7 5 fo r c l a s s A se creta ries. A v e r a g e s fo r m o s t of the re m a in in g w o rk le v e ls ra n g e d fr o m about $ 1 2 0 to $ 1 4 0 a w e e k . E a r n in g s o f o f f ic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s in sch ed u led a irlin e s com pared fa vo ra b ly w ith th e s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k ly a v e r a g e s fo r c o r r e s p o n d in g jo b s in th e B u r e a u ’ s a r e a w a g e s u r v e y s . 8 T h e tab u latio n b e lo w p r e s e n t s p a y r e l a t i v e s b a s e d on a v e r a g e w e e k ly s a l a r i e s u s in g th e a v e r a g e s in th e b r o a d e r b a s e d a r e a w a g e s u r v e y s a s 10 0. In t h e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s f o r w h i c h c o m p a ra b le data w e r e a v a ila b le , the a i r l i n e ’ s c l e r i c a l e m p lo y e e s g e n e r a lly h eld w a g e a d v a n t a g e s o f b e t w e e n 10 a n d 30 p e r c e n t in A u g u s t 1970 . Pay relatives of clerical workers in scheduled airlines (ELS area wage surveys = 100) Job classification 1 0 6 -110 Senior stenographers 1 1 1 -115 Secretaries, payroll clerks, class A accounting clerks, class A keypunch operators, class A typists, and class tabulating-machine operators 11 6 -1 2 0 Class A switchboard operators 12 1 -1 2 5 Class B keypunch operators and class B typists 1 2 6 -130 General stenographers, class B accounting clerks, and messengers 131 and over Class B switchboard operators In e l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s in g , three w o rk le v e ls ea ch fo r s y s te m s a n a ly s ts , p r o g r a m e r s , and d ig ita l co m p u te r o p e r a t o r s w e r e s tu d ie d . (S ee t a b le 7 .) C l a s s A b u sin e ss s y s te m s a n a ly s ts , w o rk in g in d e p e n d e n tly o r un der o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n on c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s i n v o l v i n g a l l p h a s e s of sy stem s a n a ly sis, a v e r a g e d $300 a w eek. T o p l e v e l p ro g r a m m e r s a n d c o m p u te r o p e r a t o r s a v e r a g e d $ 2 3 8 and $ 1 7 7 , re sp e ctiv e ly . C la s s C com p u ter o p e r a t o r s , w o r k i n g u n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v i s i o n on ro u tin e p r o g r a m s , a v e r a g e d $ 1 3 7 a w e e k . W here co m p a riso n s w e re p o ssib le , a v e r a g e e a r n in g s w e r e u s u a l l y found to be about the s a m e f o r m e n and w o m e n . In d ivid u al e a r n in g s r a n g e d w id e ly w ith in ea ch o ccu p a tion s u r v e y e d . In 32 o f t h e 36 j o b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s stu d ied (e x clu d in g flig h t atten dan ts w h o se e a rn in g s d i s p e r sion was d iscu sse d ea rlier), ea rn in gs o f th e h ig h e s t p a id e m p lo y e e s e x c e e d e d t h o s e o f t h e l o w e s t p a i d b y m o r e t h a n 60 p e r c e n t . T h u s , in m a n y i n s t a n c e s , e a r n in gs o v e r la p p e d s u b s ta n tia lly b e t w e e n w o r k e r s in o c c u p a tio n s w ith d i s s i m i l a r s k ill r e q u ir e m e n ts and w a g e l e v e l s . To illu stra te , som e a ir c r a ft c le a n e rs earn ed as m u c h as or m o r e than a n u m b er of a ir c r a ft m ech a n ics. F u r th e r e x am in a tio n o f the e a r n in g s d is tr ib u tio n , h o w e v e r , r e v e a le d that th e m i d d l e 50 p e r c e n t o f t h e w o r k e r s i n m o s t of the 36 c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s had ea rn in g s w ith in re la tiv e ly n a r r o w w age bands. F o r e x a m p le , th e m id d le r a n g e s , w h ic h e lim in a te th e e x t r e m e h ig h and lo w r a t e s , p r o d u c e d d i s p e r s i o n f a c t o r s (th e m i d d l e ra n ges of ea rn in g s e x p r e s s e d as p e rc e n ts o f m e d i a n e a r n i n g s ) o f l e s s t h a n 20 p e r cen t fo r m o s t o f the jo b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s . (See t a b le on fo llo w in g p a g e .) 8 Metropolitan Areas, United States and Regional Sum maries, 1969—1970, BLS Bulletin 1660-92. (To be published early in 1972.) Data from Bulletin 1660-92 were adjusted to reflect August 1970 payroll reference. The Bureau's area wage survey program covers establishments in the following broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation (in cluding scheduled airlines), communications, and other pub lic utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and selected services. Area wage surveys, conducted annually in 85 metropolitan areas throughout the country, are projected to represent all metropolitan areas in the United States (excluding Alaska and Hawaii). 4 Wage dispersion in selected job classifications in scheduled airlines Occupational group Total number of job cl ass if ications Number of classifications with dispersion factor1 of— Under 5 percent 5 and under 10 percent 10 and under 15 percent 15 and under 20 percent 20 and under 25 percent 25 percent and over 6 4 All job classifications------------------------------- 36 4 3 6 13 Maintenance and related workers---------------------Dispatchers and customer services agents-----------Office clerical em ployees------------------------------Electronic data processing personnel----------------- 6 5 16 9 4 - 1 2 1 3 2 - - - 1 6 6 1 5 ~ 3 1 1 Dispersion factor equals earnings range of middle 50 percent of employees in classification as a percent of median earnings. For definitions of middle range and median see appendix B. R a n g e s of e a r n in g s fo r w o r k e r s w ith in th e se c la s s ific a tio n s a r e p a r tly a ttrib u t a b le to d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y l e v e l s a m o n g a i r li n e s and p a y s c a l e s r e f le c t in g an e m p l o y e e 's le n g th o f s e r v i c e . A l l o f the c u s t o m e r s e r v i c e s a g e n ts , m a in te n a n c e and r e la t e d w o r k e r s , and o f f ic e c l e r i c a l p e r so n n e l in th e s u r v e y w e r e t i m e - r a t e d and a lm o s t a lw a y s w e r e p a id un d er fo r m a l p la n s p r o v id in g r a n g e s of r a te s fo r e a c h o ccu p a tio n .9 s u b s ta n tia l p r o p o r tio n s of th e lo c a l s e r v ic e a irlin e em p lo y e e s r e c e iv e d 8 days— t h r e e -t e n th s of the m a in te n a n c e w o r k ers, and s lig h tly m o r e than tw o -fift h s of the c u s t o m e r s e r v i c e s a g e n t s and c le ric a l w orkers. P a id h o lid a y p r o v i sio n s fo r flig h t atten dan ts w e r e v ir t u a lly n o n existen t. P a id v a c a tio n s . P a id v a c a tio n s a fte r q u a lify in g p e r io d s of s e r v i c e w e r e p r o v id e d b y a ll a i r l i n e s in th e s u r v e y . (See ta b le 11.) T y p ic a l p r o v is io n s fo r fligh t a t t e n d a n t s w e r e 14 c a l e n d a r d a y s a f t e r 1 y e a r o f s e r v i c e , a t l e a s t 2 1 d a y s a f t e r 10 y e a r s , 28 o r 30 d a y s a f t e r 15 y e a r s , a n d 2 8 t o 37 d a y s o f v a c a t i o n p a y a f t e r 20 y e a rs of se r v ic e . M ain ten a n ce w o r k e r s , c u s t o m e r s e r v i c e s a g e n ts , and o ffic e c le r i c a l e m p lo y e e s u s u a lly w e r e p r o v id e d 2 w e ek s of v a c a tio n pay after 1 year of s e r v ic e , 3 w e ek s after 10 y e a r s , 4 w e e k s a f t e r 15 y e a r s , a n d 5 w e e k s a f t e r 20 y e a r s . Company practices and supplementary wage provisions10 S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s and sh ift p r o v isio n s. W o r k s c h e d u l e s o f 40 h o u r s a w e e k w e r e in e ffe c t fo r n e a r l y a ll o f the m a in te n a n c e w o r k e r s , a ll of the c u s to m e r s e r v i c e s a g e n ts , and n in e -t e n t h s of the o f f i c e c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s . ( S e e t a b l e 8.) In fo rm a tio n on w e e k ly w o r k sch ed u les w a s not o b ta in e d fo r flig h t atten d an ts. A l l a ir lin e s in th e s u r v e y had f o r m a l p r o v is io n s fo r la t e -s h ift w o rk fo r th e ir m a in te n a n c e and r e la t e d e m p lo y e e s . Such w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d on l a t e s h if t s r e c e i v e d a p re m iu m above d a y -s h ift ra te s, m o st c o m m o n ly 21 cen ts an hour fo r se co n d s h i f t s , a n d 28 c e n t s a n h o u r f o r t h i r d sh ifts. (See tab le H e a lth , in su ra n c e , and r e tir e m e n t p l a n s . R e t ir e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s and v a r io u s h e a lt h and i n s u r a n c e b e n e f it s w e r e 9 Range-of-rate plans are those in which the minimum or maximum rates, or both, paid experienced workers for the same job are specified. Specific rates of individual workers within the range may be determined by merit, length of service, or a combination of these. For an account of employer expenditures for supple mentary wage provisions in the industry, see Compensation Expenditures and Payroll Hours, Air Transportation, 1964, BLS Bulletin 1571 (1967). 9.) P a id h o l i d a y s . N in e p a id h o lid a y s w e r e p ro v id e d a n n u a lly b y a ir lin e s e m p lo y in g m o r e than n in e -te n th s of th e m a in te n a n c e , cu stom er s e r v ic e s , and o ffice c le r ic a l em p lo y e e s. ( S e e t a b l e 10 .) A ll d o m e s tic tru n k a irlin e s gran ted 9 d ays, but 5 P r o v is io n s fo r p e rio d ic c o s t - o f - l i v in g p a y ad ju stm en ts w e re re p o rte d by a i r lin e s em p lo y in g t h r e e -f ift h s of th e m a in ten an ce and re la te d w o r k e r s and l e s s than o n e -fifth of the c u s to m e r s e r v i c e s a g e n ts and o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s . A ll s u c h p r o v i s i o n s w e r e b a s e d on t h e C o n s u m e r P r i c e In d ex (C P I) p u b lis h e d b y the B u reau of L ab o r S ta tistics. N one o f the flig h t atten dan ts w e r e c o v e r e d by such p ro v isio n s. U n ifo rm s w e r e r e q u ir e d fo r a ll flig h t attendants, v irtu a lly a ll cu sto m er s e r v i c e s a g e n ts , and fo r t h r e e - f o u r t h s o f th e m a in te n a n c e and r e la te d w o r k e r s . F lig h t atten d a n ts and c u s t o m e r s e r v i c e s a g e n ts w e r e ty p ic a lly r e q u ir e d to b u y t h e ir i n itia l u n ifo rm s; a irlin e s u su a lly p ro v id e d or p a id p a r t i a l c o s t s of su b se q u e n t u n ifo r m s . T h r e e - f i f t h s o f th e m a in te n a n c e w o r k e r s r e q u ir e d to w e a r u n ifo r m s w e r e e m p lo y e d b y a ir lin e s p r o v id in g in itia l and s u b s e quent u n ifo rm s. T h e c o s t o f c le a n in g su c h u n ifo r m s w a s b o r n e in f u ll o r in p a r t b y the a ir lin e s fo r f o u r - f if t h s of th e m a i n t e n a n ce w o r k e r s r e q u ir e d to w e a r u n ifo r m s and fo r l e s s than h a lf of th e c u s t o m e r se rv ice s a g e n t s and flig h t a tte n d a n ts . a v a ila b le to v i r t u a lly a ll o f th e w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the s u r v e y . ( S e e t a b l e 12 .) T h e a ir l i n e s t y p i c a l l y p a id th e e n tir e c o s t o f t h e s e b e n e fits w h ich , in a d d itio n to p e n sion s, in clu d e d life , h o s p ita liza tio n , s u r g ic a l , b a s ic m e d ic a l, and m a j o r m e d i ca l in su ran ce. A ls o , s ic k n e s s and a c cid e n t in s u r a n c e a p p lie d to about n in e ten th s of th e w o r k e r s ; s i c k l e a v e (f u ll p a y , no w a it in g p e r io d ) to a t l e a s t f o u r fifth s; and a c c id e n ta l d e ath and d i s m e m and b e r m e n t in s u r a n c e to a b o u t h a lf, in s o m e c a s e s m o r e than h a lf, of the w o r k e r s in e a c h g ro u p . O th er s e le c te d b e n e fits. P la n s for t e c h n o l o g i c a l s e v e r a n c e p a y — p a y m e n t s to e m p lo y e e s se p a ra te d fro m em p lo ym e n t as a r e s u lt o f te c h n o lo g ic a l change— c o v e r e d about fo u r-fifth s of th e m a in te n a n ce w o r k e r s , about o n e -h a lf of the c u s to m e r s e r v i c e s a g e n ts and o ffic e c l e r i c a l e m p lo y e e s , and s lig h t ly m o r e th a n t w o - f if t h s o f the flig h t a tten d a n ts. N e a r l y a ll o f the w o r k e r s in the fo u r g r o u p s w e r e c o v e r e d by fo r m a l p r o v is io n s fo r fu n era l le a v e a n d j u r y d u t y p a y . ( S e e t a b l e 1 3 .) 6 T a b le 1. G ro s s m o n thly earnings: F lig h t attend an ts (N um ber and a v e r a g e m o n th ly e a r n in g s o f flig h t a ttendan ts (ste w a r d s and s t e w a r d e s s e s ) in s c h e d u led a ir lin e s by c r e d ite d m o n th ly flig h t h o u r s , U n ited S t a te s , A u g u st 1970) C r e d ite d m o n th ly flig h t h o u r s 1 N u m ber of e m p lo y e e s N u m b er o f e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv in g m o n th ly e a r n in g s of— M onthly e a r n in g s 2 $250 U nder and M ean M edian M iddle ra n g e $ 2 5 0 un d er $300 $300 $350 $400 $450 $500 $550 $600 $650 $7 0 0 $75 0 $800 $85 0 $900 $950 $1000 $1-050 $1100 $350 $400 $450 $500 $550 $600 $650 $700 $750 $8 0 0 $8 5 0 $900 $95 0 $1000 $1050 $1100 o v er 1174 891 4 17 134 41 53 118 _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 1 35 _ _ _ _ 4 30 109 196 78 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 65 45 _ _ _ _ _ 53 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 2 109 and A ll s c h e d u led a ir lin e s 3 * A ll flig h t atte n d a n ts 4 --------------- 3 2 ,4 2 2 $ 612 $597 W ith c r e d ite d flig h t h o u r s in A u g u st of-— U n d er *n .... 50 and u n d er 55_ ----------------------55 and u n d er 60__________________ 60 and u n d er 65------- --- ------------65 and u n d er 70__________________ 70 and u n d er 75--------------------------75 and u n d er 80__________________ 80 and u n d er 85__________________ 85 and u n d er 90__________________ 90 and o v e r _____________________ - 1 ,9 3 6 543 727 1 ,0 5 1 2 ,3 9 1 7 ,4 3 2 7 ,4 3 7 6 , 150 3 ,3 3 4 1 ,4 2 1 435 503 503 518 541 577 626 665 699 819 468 491 496 506 528 570 607 649 683 794 $ 5 2tr-$692 329433453434454505545578605— 695- 529 545 545 597 614 649 704 730 770 898 270 150 151 479 1668 3227 4848 5760 4070 4155 2949 1867 270 148 - - 88 42 1 20 78 27 94 181 61 36 2 - 256 74 76 139 435 627 45 14 2 " 509 165 210 173 446 946 672 101 4 336 124 191 135 431 1433 1341 692 152 13 96 37 71 152 318 1636 1513 1317 600 20 67 25 50 117 288 906 910 975 637 95 74 36 29 66 299 928 1028 984 482 229 14 3 17 86 581 803 776 476 193 _ 5 5 41 22 251 582 444 314 203 68 413 320 179 194 _ 5 10 5 16 100 382 222 151 - - _ - _ _ _ 2 - " 1 - - - D o m e s tic tru nk a ir lin e s A ll flig h t atten d a n ts 4 __________ W ith c r e d ite d flig h t h o u r s in A u g u st of— U n d er 50_________________________ 50 and u n d er 55_________________ 55 and u n d er 60_______________ _ 60 and u n d er 65_________________ _ 65 and u n d er 70_________________ _ 70 and tind er 75 _ __ 75 an d u n d e r 80 80 and u n d er 85__________________ 85 and u n d er 90--------------------------90 and o v e r -------------------------------- - 2 6 ,4 1 9 600 587 5 1 6 - 679 260 143 133 326 1525 2976 4191 473 6 3290 3519 2335 1346 722 510 184 60 25 40 98 1 ,7 7 4 510 672 967 2 ,0 2 1 6 ,4 5 2 6 , 178 4 ,5 0 8 2 ,2 5 9 1 ,0 7 8 439 505 508 523 537 570 618 653 689 828 481 491 499 516 527 570 605 641 664 798 319435463439452505540577605717- 260 _ _ _ _ 143 _ _ _ _ 75 40 _ 18 _ 10 20 68 146 46 36 > - 12 2 5 15 55 385 670 722 352 122 _ 5 _ 41 20 124 397 333 242 179 _ 5 _ 10 5 15 98 122 133 122 _ _ _ _ _ - 73 36 27 62 208 861 957 770 337 188 _ _ _ _ _ _ 66 22 48 115 270 801 762 684 482 40 _ _ _ _ _ - 92 34 68 141 298 1476 1150 1024 443 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ 325 119 182 127 331 1239 1256 534 70 8 _ _ _ _ _ - 496 158 209 160 379 869 620 85 _ . _ > _ 222 69 65 132 409 580 38 10 30 25 57 72 20 25 15 5 _ 20 _ 40 5 _ 93 535 545 545 602 605 638 687 712 751 898 - 1 H o u r s u s e d fo r pay p u r p o s e s and r e fe r to the com b in ed t o ta l of a c tu a l flig h t h o u r s and flig h t-h o u r e q u iv a le n ts fo r n o n fly in g t im e . 2 R e f e r s to to ta l e a r n in g s , in clu d in g b a s e p a y , o v e r tim e o r in c e n tiv e p a y , p r e m iu m pay fo r s e r v in g a s f i r s t , le a d or s e n io r a tten d a n t, and su c h a s t h o s e fo r r o o m and b o a r d w h ile aw ay fro m the e m p lo y e e 's h o m e sta tio n a r e e x c lu d ed . A v e r a g e m o n th ly e a r n in g s h a v e b een rounded to m id d le r a n g e , s e e a p p en d ix B . 3 In c lu d e s data fo r a i r l i n e s in addition to d o m e stic trunk a ir lin e s show n s e p a r a te ly . 4 I n c lu d e s a l l flig h t a tte n d a n ts b a s e d in th e co n tig u o u s 48 S ta te s and th e D is tr ic t of C o lu m b ia . P u r s e r s w ho a r e a s s ig n e d to in te r n a tio n a l p a s s e n g e r cab in c r e w s on jum b o j e t s a r e ex c lu d ed fr o m th e flig h t attendan t c la s s if ic a t io n . _ 66 200 169 118 169 S e e append ix B fo r d e fin itio n of c r e d ite d flig h t h o u r s. a ll o th e r pay d ir e c t ly r e la te d to duty. S p e c ia l a llo w a n c e s th e n e a r e s t d o lla r . F o r d e fin itio n of m ea n , m ed ia n , and flig h ts and in flig h t m a n a g e r s (or e q u iv a le n ts) in c h a rg e of T a b le 2. Straight-tim e hourly earnings: A ircraft inspectors and mechanics (N u m b er and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y a ir c r a ft in s p e c to r s and a ir c r a f t m e c h a n ic s in sc h e d u le d a i r l i n e s , U n ited S t a te s , A u gu st 1970) O ccu p ation 1 N u m b er of e m p lo y e e s H ourly ea r n in g s M ean M edian M id d le range U n der $ 4 .5 0 $ 4 .5 0 and und er $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .7 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 4 .9 0 $ 5 .0 0 $ 5 .1 0 $ 5 .2 0 $ 5 .3 0 $5.4 0 $5.5 0 .$ 5 .6 0 $ 5 .7 0 $ 5 .8 0 $5.9 0 $6 .0 0 $6 .1 0 $ 4 .7 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 4 .9 0 $ 5 .0 0 $ 5 .1 0 $ 5 .2 0 $ 5 .3 0 $ 5 .4 0 $5.50 $ 5 .6 0 $5.7 0 $5.8 0 $ 5 .9 0 $6 . 0 0 $6 .1 0 o v er 7 60 24 36 8785 3781 5004 262 5 257 5776 3615 270 36 234 2883 2343 540 152 507 49 458 30 and A ll s c h e d u le d a ir lin e s I n s p e c t o r s , a ir c r a f t ------------------------L in e m a in t e n a n c e _______________ Shop m a in t e n a n c e _______________ M e c h a n ic s , a ir c r a f t ________________ L in e m a in t e n a n c e -----------------------Shop m a in t e n a n c e ------------------------ 2 ,0 6 6 851 1 ,2 1 5 3 6 ,0 0 8 1 4 ,5 9 9 2 1 ,4 0 9 $ 5 .8 0 5.87 5.7 5 5.37 5.45 5.32 $ 5 .8 4 5.94 5.82 5 .4 0 5.47 5.37 “ N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea r n in g s of— 2 $ 5 .6 9 ~ $ 5 .9 2 5.8 0 — 5.97 5 .5 9 - 5.85 5 .2 7 - 5.5 0 5 .3 7 - 5.57 5 .1 8 - 5.46 l . . - - - _ 300 57 243 - 1 - 1 1 - 246 245 14 5 9 49 . . 1 60 11 203 33 170 34 . 6 _ 582 27 3 309 _ _ 1805 437 1368 3 3 3812 689 3123 23 19 4 2536 685 1851 1 6 8503 2297 6206 2161 122 30 446 339 107 10 20 649 524 125 17 17 - 77 53 24 7 593 484 109 17 17 42 42 51 15 36 3 6 1 3 D o m e s tic trunk a ir lin e s I n s p e c t o r s , a ir c r a f t ________________ L in e m a in t e n a n c e _______________ Shop m a in t e n a n c e _______________ M e c h a n ic s , a ir c r a f t ------------------------L in e m a in t e n a n c e _______________ Shop m a in t e n a n c e ----------------------- 1 ,5 5 2 700 852 2 9 ,0 2 3 1 2 ,7 5 5 1 6 ,2 6 8 5.8 5 5.91 5.8 0 5.4 0 5.46 5.36 5.85 5.9 5 . 5.8 2 5.41 5.47 5.3 8 5 .7 6 5 .9 0 5 .6 9 5 .3 4 5 .3 7 5 .3 1 - 5.90 5.97 5.86 5.50 5.57 5.46 - - - 239 - - - - - 239 - _ 3 2 _ _ 34 26 1 8 _ _ 315 233 82 _ _ 433 212 221 _ _ 1666 487 1179 _ _ 2314 507 1807 _ _ 8262 2107 6155 _ _ 8476 3680 4796 232 152 1 2 122 25 5073 3324 1749 26 230 1876 1875 30 279 269 1 10 10 20 4 32 28 4 972 442 530 _ _ 507 49 458 30 6 6 _ _ _ _ - L o c a l s e r v i c e a ir lin e s I n s p e c to r s , a ir c r a f t ------------------------L in e m a in t e n a n c e -----------------------Shop m a in t e n a n c e _______________ M e c h a n ic s , a ir c r a f t ------------------------L in e m a in t e n a n c e -----------------------Shop m a in t e n a n c e ------------------------ 189 102 87 2 ,8 1 1 1 ,2 9 5 1 ,5 1 6 5.88 5.8 0 5.9 8 5.47 5.46 5.49 5.95 5.9 5 6.07 5.55 5.55 5.5 6 5 .6 9 5 .6 9 5 .9 5 5 .4 0 5 .3 4 5 .4 3 - 6 .1 0 6 .0 1 6.10 5.61 5.61 5.63 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ - _ _ _ 5 2 6 2 1 1 3 3 18 7 2 _ 30 18 11 2 340 165 175 16 4 56 36 12 20 3 1 V ir tu a lly a ll a ir c r a f t in s p e c t o r s and m e c h a n ic s w e r e m en . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pa y fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w o rk on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h i f t s , but in c lu d e s F o r d e fin itio n o f m e a n , m e d ia n , and m id d le r a n g e , s e e append ix B. 3 In c lu d e s d ata fo r a ir lin e s in a d d itio n to th o s e show n se p a r a te ly . 4 A ll w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 6 .1 0 and u n d er $ 6 .2 0 . 20 _ _ _ 238 187 51 _ 293 95 198 _ 4 678 269 409 _ 167 70 97 _ _ _ 47 32 15 _ 35 1 4 51 15 36 3 1 3 11 24 p r e m iu m s pa id fo r lin e m a in te n a n c e and r e p a ir l i c e n s e s , if a n y , h eld by e m p lo y e e s . T a b le 3. S traigh t-tim e hourly earnings: O ther maintenance and related occupations (N u m b er and a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s of n o n s u p e r v is o r y a ir c r a ft c le a n e r s , j a n it o r s , ground and ram p s e r v ic e m e n , and s to c k c le r k s in sc h e d u le d a i r l i n e s , U n ited S ta te s , A u gu st 1970) O cc u p a tio n and s e x N u m b er of e m p lo y e e s H ourly e a r n in g s 1 $ 3.0 0 $ 3 .1 0 U nder and M ean M edian M iddle ra n g e $ 3.0 0 under $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 N u m b er o f w o r k e r s :r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s of— $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3.4 0 $ 3.5 0 $ 3.6 0 $ 3.7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .1 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .3 0 $ 4 .4 0 $"4.50 $4750 $ T 7 0 $ T W $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3.7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3.9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .1 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .3 0 $ 4 .4 0 and $ 4 .5 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .7 0 &4.80 over' A ll sc h e d u le d a ir lin e s 2 C le a n e r s , a i r c r a f t - - . - . . __ —______ _ M en — — — — —— — — — W o m e n ____ — —_______ —____ _ J a n ito r s— — _____ _____— ____ M e n ------- ------ ------ ------- -----W o m en —— —__ —____________ _ S e r v ic e m e n , grou n d and ra m p (22, 086 m e n , 31 w o m e n )________— G round ( a ll m e n ) ----- — ------- — R am p ( 1 2 ,0 8 3 m e n , 30 w o m e n )— —— . — — — — G round and ram p (8, 846 m e n , 1 w om a n )— — S to ck c le r k s ( 3 ,9 8 9 m e n , 33 w o m e n )--------------------------------------- 5, 241 5 ,0 4 9 192 1 ,5 8 4 1 ,5 0 4 80 $ 3 .7 4 3 .7 4 3.4 6 3.61 3.62 3.49 $ 3 .7 8 3.76 3.18 3.7 4 3.7 4 3.55 $ 3 .6 8 -$ 3 .8 4 3 .6 8 - 3.83 3 .0 6 - 3.79 3 .6 2 - 3 .7 8 3 .6 3 - 3.7 8 3 .4 1 - 3.7 5 38 36 2 78 72 6 73 26 47 71 69 2 107 56 51 74 70 4 77 ' 77 _ 41 337 4 227 219 8 9 8 1 196 196 _ 33 15 18 174 174 _ 65 59 6 678 1516 668 1484 10 32 * 257 679 252 649 5 30 1329 1311 18 235 231 4 195 195 _ 42 42 _ 463 457 6 149 138 11 _ _ 4 1 3 5 1 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 ,1 1 7 1, 157 4 .0 8 4 .2 2 4 .1 7 4 .3 0 3 .8 6 - 4 .3 9 3 .9 8 - 4 .4 5 205 143 - - 18 _ 177 _ 474 1 167 _ 508 _ 1904 49 1994 89 1297 127 1558 36 1986 95 3264 4116 194 121 2982 192 246 195 3 _ _ 1 2 ,1 1 3 4 .1 9 4 .2 5 4 .0 6 - 4 .3 9 126 52 5 91 93 19 108 440 519 821 475 463 1506 1444 3278 2662 8 3 _ _ 8 ,8 4 7 3.9 2 3.95 3 .6 9 - 4 .2 2 79 91 13 86 380 148 400 1415 49 4 1084 695 1059 385 1699 644 128 43 _ _ 4 4 ,0 2 2 4 .3 8 4.3 9 4 .2 3 - 4 .5 3 2 4 - 4 6 10 46 52 141 216 174 273 351 901 648 287 151 377 379 4 ,2 0 5 4 , 091 114 1, 347 1, 281 66 3.76 3.77 3.28 3.63 3.6 4 3.49 3.79 3.78 3.1 2 3.75 3.75 3.55 3 .7 0 3 .7 0 3 .0 6 3 .6 6 3 .6 7 3 .4 1 - 3 .8 4 3 .8 4 3.1 8 3.79 3.79 3 .7 5 16 14 2 72 66 6 55 11 44 63 63 91 48 43 74 70 4 46 46 _ 185 185 _ 42 42 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 10 _ 18 1078 1078 _ 235 231 4 149 138 11 1 40 4 1339 404 1325 _ 14 169 629 165 606 4 23 452 452 _ _ 66 66 _ 44 38 6 2 0 ,3 5 8 1, 108 4.11 4 .2 3 4 .2 2 4 .3 4 3 .8 6 - 4 .3 9 3 .9 8 - 4 .4 5 _ _ - - - 160 _ 451 1 152 _ 508 _ 1704 47 949 54 1874 89 1140 96 1182 35 1729 84 3182 4107 194 121 2971 192 246 195 3 _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 ,5 9 3 4 .2 2 4.3 9 4 .1 5 - 4 .3 9 - _ _ 88 88 4 108 319 442 766 441 436 1506 1444 2662 8 3 _ _ 7 ,6 5 7 3.93 3.9 4 3 .6 9 - 4 .2 3 _ _ _ 72 362 148 400 1338 453 1019 603 711 139 1617 635 117 43 _ _ _ 3 ,0 1 6 4 .3 6 4.39 4 .2 5 - 4 .4 9 - 2 7 15 40 110 122 158 191 308 849 466 285 143 87 233 251 233 18 _ _ 10 10 _ _ _ 11 5 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1071 58 10 10 _ 4 D o m e s tic tru nk a ir lin e s C le a n e r s , a ir c r a f t— _ — M e n ___ - —— ___ - ____ ____ W o m en — —— ——— —— — J a n ito r s __— __ ______ — — _____ M e n ___________________________ W o m e n ________________________ S e r v ic e m e n , grou n d and ram p (20, 327 m e n , 31 w o m e n )_______ __ G round (a ll m e n ) __ __ ____ — R am p (11, 563 m e n , 30 w o m e n )-------- — ---- ——-----G round and ram p ( 7 ,6 5 6 m e n , 1 w om a n )__ ______ S tock c le r k s ( 2 ,9 8 6 m e n , 30 w o m e n )--------------------------------------- - _ _ - 175 175 _ 1 139 139 _ 18 _ _ 3278 _ L o c a l s e r v i c e a ir lin e s C le a n e r s , a ir c r a f t —— — — — — — M e n ___________________________ W o m en — _____ J a n ito r s — — — ____ ____ __ — M e n ____ — ___ - ___ - - ___ S e r v ic e m e n , grou n d and r a m p (a ll m en ) 3 — _ ----------- ---------- — G round and ram p (a ll m en )__ __ S tock c le r k s (284 m e n , 634 569 65 97 91 3.69 3.69 3.66 3.3 4 3.3 5 3.78 3.78 3.78 3.28 3.35 3 .6 7 3 .6 7 3 .3 9 3 .2 3 3 .2 3 - 3.83 3.83 3.8 7 3.5 0 3.58 4 4 _ 4 4 14 11 3 8 6 16 8 8 _ _ 31 31 _ 37 33 47 39 8 8 8 35 35 _ 14 14 5 5 _ 20 20 53 49 4 3 3 157 139 18 3 3 405 312 3 .5 2 3.5 2 3.1 4 3.1 0 3 .0 5 - 4.1 9 3 .0 3 - 4 .2 0 92 78 106 78 12 12 6 6 10 8 _ _ 2 4 _ _ _ 31 5 4 53 42 78 78 2 2 4 4 _ _ _ _ 287 4 .1 7 4 .3 3 3 .9 3 - 4.41 2 4 24 2 2 45 10 23 18 40 98 2 8 4 _ 4 _ _ _ 1 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w ork on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s , but in c lu d e s p r e m iu m s paid fo r lin e duty, if any. s e e ap p en d ix B . 2 In c lu d e s data fo r a i r lin e s in a d d itio n to th o s e show n se p a r a te ly . 3 In c lu d e s d ata fo r w o r k e r s in c la s s if ic a t io n s in addition to the one show n s e p a r a te ly . F o r d e fin itio n of m ea n , m ed ia n , and m id d le ran ge, T a b le 4 . S tra ig h t-tim e w e e k ly ea rn in g s: D is p a tc h e rs (N u m b er and a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y d is p a tc h e r s in s c h e d u led a ir l i n e s , U n ited S ta te s , A u g u st 1970) O cc u p a tio n N u m b er of e m p lo y e e s A verage w e e k ly hours * (sta n d a rd ) W eek ly ea r n in g s 1 (standard; M ean M edian M iddle ran ge N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s of— $200 $210 Under and $20 0 und er $210 $220 $22 0 $230 $24 0 $ 250 $26 0 $ 270 $280 $290 $300 $310 $320 $330 $340 $350 $360 $230 $240 $250 $260 $270 $ 280 $290 $300 $310 $320 $330 $340 $350 $360 $370 A ll sc h e d u le d a i r l i n e s 2 D is p a t c h e r s (643 m e n , 2 w o m e n )— 645 4 0 .0 $ 3 2 3 .0 0 $ 3 3 9 .5 0 $ 3 0 6 .0 0 -$ 3 5 4 .5 0 20 1 1 7 4 7 20 7 9 31 23 58 12 66 59 158 92 70 6 3 5 17 18 31 4 14 16 139 90 67 6 4 2 6 4 23 3 50 24 16 2 3 D o m e s tic tru nk a ir lin e s D is p a t c h e r s (a ll m en )---------------------- 4 20 4 0 .0 33 6 .00 34 1 .5 0 3 2 9 .0 0 - 3 5 8 .0 0 - - • 7 - 2 L o c a l s e r v i c e a ir lin e s D is p a t c h e r s (a ll m en )---------------------- 147 1 Stan d ard h o u r s r e f le c t th e w o r k w e e k w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s ), h a lf d o lla r . F o r d e fin itio n o f m e a n , m e d ia n , 2 I n c lu d e s data fo r a i r lin e s in a d d itio n 4 0 .0 31 6 .00 32 5 .5 0 3 0 2 .5 0 - 3 3 3 .5 0 2 - - - 2 fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s tr a ig h t -t im e s a la r i e s ( e x c lu s iv e o f p a y fo r o v e r tim e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a te s , and p r e m iu m pay for and th e e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to th e se w e e k ly h o u r s . A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s a r e ro unded to the n e a r e s t h a lf hour and a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s to the n e a r e s t and m id d le r a n g e , s e e appendix B . to t h o s e show n s e p a r a te ly . T a b le 5 . S tra ig h t-tim e w e e k ly earnings: C u s to m e r services o ccu p atio n s (N u m b er and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly ea r n in g s o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s in c u s to m e r s e r v i c e s o c c u p a tio n s in s c h e d u le d a ir l i n e s , U n ited S ta te s , A u gu st 1970) O cc u p a tio n and s e x N u m ber of e m p lo y e e s A verage w e e k ly hours^ (standard) W eek ly e a r n in g s (standard) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s of— 12 $100 U nder M ean M edian M id dle ran ge $100 $110 $120 $13 0 $14 0 $150 $160 $170 $180 $190 $200 $210 $120 $130 $140 $15 0 $160 $170 $180 $190 $200 $210 and over 810 805 5 1829 1614 215 313 65 248 578 394 184 457 322 135 121 121 and und er $110 A ll sc h e d u le d a ir lin e s A ir fr e ig h t a g e n ts ----------------— -------M en ______ _____________ ______ Wo m e n ___________________ ____ P a s s e n g e r s e r v i c e s a g e n t s ______ _ M en _ ------------W o m en ---- - _ — ----------R e s e r v a tio n s s a le s a g e n ts ------ — M e n _____ _________ — __ ___ Wo m e n ___________ _____ _ T ic k e t a g e n ts —____________----------------M e n ----------------------—------- —-----W om en A ir p o r t— ----- M e n ---- ----- — _ --------------W om en __ — C ity o f fic e — W om en — ------ _ — _ _ 4 ,4 7 0 4 ,3 7 3 97 1 1 ,9 5 8 1 0 ,0 4 8 1 ,9 1 0 1 6 ,9 8 4 2 ,3 0 4 1 4 ,6 8 0 1 0 ,6 7 0 6 ,0 9 6 4 , 574 6 ,6 6 4 4 ,4 0 4 2 ,2 6 0 4 ,0 0 6 2, 314 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 $ 1 7 0 .5 0 170.50 160.00 166.50 166.50 164.50 154.50 158.50 154.00 165.00 164.50 165.50 164.50 166.00 160.50 166.00 170.50 $ 1 7 5 .5 0 175.50 164.00 168.50 170.00 164.50 1 5 3.00 157.00 1 5 2.50 166.50 166.50 166.50 166.50 168.00 161.00 168.00 172.50 $ 1 5 7 .0 0 —$ 18 7.00 1 5 7 .5 0 - 187.00 1 4 8 .5 0 - 177.00 1 5 0 .5 0 - 1 8 3.50 1 5 1 .0 0 - 1 8 4.00 1 4 7 .0 0 - 1 8 1.00 1 4 3 .5 0 - 1 6 4.50 1 4 5 .5 0 - 171.50 1 4 3 .0 0 - 1 6 3.50 1 5 3 .0 0 - 1 7 6.00 1 5 1 .0 0 - 174.00 1 5 5 .0 0 - 1 7 8.00 1 5 3 .0 0 - 172.50 1 5 3 .5 0 - 1 7 4.00 1 4 8 .0 0 - 1 7 0.50 1 5 3 .0 0 - 1 7 9.50 1 6 2 .5 0 - 1 8 1.00 3 1 2 12 12 _ 2 _ 2 11 6 _ 5 17 5 6 12 3 3 _ 3 3 3 6 _ _ - 2 1 _ _ 3 1 10 10 _ 221 218 3 124 8 116 10 1 9 9 _ 9 1 - 2 201 192 9 389 381 8 616 165 451 52 3 49 34 1 33 18 16 321 315 _ 6 895 818 77 2339 219 367 360 7 1416 921 495 3910 376 3534 1299 714 585 1029 540 489 270 96 322 306 16 1270 1046 224 4039 516 3523 2075 1364 711 1429 1028 401 646 310 611 593 18 1974 1637 337 3018 397 2621 2838 1673 1165 1954 1384 570 884 595 79 77 54 41 13 1755 172 1583 203 47 156 144 40 104 59 7 52 164 159 777 433 344 3495 359 3136 1089 540 549 994 529 465 95 86 76 601 435 166 3586 411 3175 1604 1031 573 1384 1006 378 25 195 351 333 1520 1232 288 2698 317 2381 2239 1415 824 1943 1378 565 296 37 259 438 422 1554 1347 207 1574 253 1321 1315 622 693 825 550 275 490 72 418 833 770 63 574 528 639 488 151 412 395 553 541 274 264 576 576 12 10 305 278 74 69 2120 675 449 226 208 49 159 467 67 624 605 19 2211 1989 222 1748 326 1422 1641 734 907 855 559 296 786 611 1077 1064 13 1587 1287 300 759 204 555 1385 678 707 610 444 166 775 541 121 49 _ 126 112 14 85 13 72 111 81 30 76 74 1 1 _ 17 7 10 10 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ 35 28 _ - D o m e s tic tru nk a ir lin e s A ir fr e ig h t a g e n ts __ _ __ __ M e n ____ ___ _________ _________ P a s s e n g e r s e r v i c e s a g e n ts ------------M e n ___________________________ W o m en - _ _ ---- _ R e s e r v a tio n s s a le s a g e n ts_ — M en ____________ _______________ Wo m en —_____________________ T ic k e t a g e n ts ------------- r— ____________ M e n -— _ - — -------------------W o m e n _____ __________ _______ A ir p o r t______ M en _____ ________ __________ ___ W o m en C ity o f fic e — ----------M e n __ ____________ ___________ _ Wo m en — — —— — — — 2 ,4 5 1 2, 385 7 ,5 3 2 6 ,0 5 7 1 ,4 7 5 1 4 ,1 9 6 1 ,7 0 5 1 2 ,4 9 1 8 , 165 4 ,5 5 5 3 ,6 1 0 6 ,4 0 9 4 ,3 2 3 2 ,0 8 6 1 ,7 5 6 232 1 ,5 2 4 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 178.50 178.50 174.50 176.00 168.00 156.50 159.50 156.00 166.50 166.50 166.00 165.00 166.50 162.00 171.50 172.50 171.50 182.00 1 8 2.50 1 7 5.00 177.50 167.00 154.00 158.00 153.50 168.00 168.00 167.00 166.50 168.00 162.00 175.50 1 7 6.00 175.50 1 6 7 .5 0 1 6 8 .0 0 1 6 3 .5 0 1 6 6 .5 0 1 5 1 .0 0 1 4 5 .5 0 1 4 7 .0 0 1 4 5 .5 0 1 5 4 .0 0 1 5 3 .5 0 1 5 4 .5 0 1 5 3 .5 0 1 5 3 .5 0 1 4 9 .0 0 1 6 2 .0 0 1 6 4 .5 0 1 6 1 .5 0 - 192.50 192.50 1 8 9.00 1 9 1.00 183.50 1 6 6.00 170.50 164.50 1 7 7.50 1 7 6.00 179.00 172.50 1 7 3.50 1 7 0.50 183.50 182.00 1 8 3.50 - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 133 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 123 13 - - 12 1 12 _ _ _ 13 1 11 84 220 540 530 1225 998 227 651 140 511 1118 505 613 602 436 166 516 69 447 671 666 1664 1458 206 209 20 189 479 317 162 447 314 133 32 3 29 121 121 120 106 14 85 13 72 105 77 28 70 70 _ 35 7 28 1 1 17 7 10 10 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - L o c a l s e r v i c e a ir lin e s P a s s e n g e r s e r v i c e s a g e n ts — M en__ — _ — — — Wo m e n ——— —— — — — R e s e r v a tio n s s a le s a g e n ts — 3 ,8 6 6 3 ,5 8 9 277 2 ,0 6 8 1 ,7 7 3 1 S tandard h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o rk w eek w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s ), h a lf d o lla r . F o r d e fin itio n o f m e a n , m ed ia n , 2 In c lu d e s d ata fo r a i r lin e s in addition 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 150.50 151.00 147.00 140.00 140.00 1 4 5.50 1 4 6.00 140.50 1 3 5.50 137.00 1 3 4 .0 0 1 3 3 .5 0 1 4 0 .5 0 1 2 8 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 - 169.00 1 7 3.50 1 4 6.00 149.50 14 9 .5 0 12 12 _ _ 4 4 _ 217 217 379 378 _ 1 109 103 461 311 _ 78 56 266 226 40 34 12 111 111 _ 17 17 6 6 _ _ _ _ _ fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s tr a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s ( e x c lu s iv e o f pa y fo r o v e r tim e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a te s , and p r e m iu m pay for and the e a r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e se w e e k ly h o u r s. A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s a r e rounded to the n e a r e s t h a lf hour and a v e r a g e w e e k ly ea r n in g s to the n e a r e s t and m id d le range, s e e a ppend ix B . to th o se show n s e p a r a te ly . T a b le 6. S traight-tim e w ee k ly earnings: O ffice clerical occupations (N u m b er and a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s in s e le c t e d o ffic e c le r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s in sc h e d u le d a i r l i n e s , U nited S ta te s , A u gu st 1970) O ccu p a tio n and s e x of e m p lo y e e s W eekly ea r n in g s A verage w e e k ly (sta n d a rd ) M ean M edian N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s of- 1 M id dle range ^85 Under and und er $85 $90 $90 $95 TT oo $105 1 ,0 4 0 307 733 1 ,5 6 8 190 1 ,3 7 8 39 .0 38 .0 39 .5 39 .0 3 7 .0 39.5 $153.00 164.50 148.00 132.00 145.00 130.50 $15 3 .5 0 165.00 150.00 131.00 139.00 128.00 $ 1 40.50—$ 1 6 7 .5 0 1 5 0 .5 0 - 177.50 1 3 4 .5 0 - 1 6 6 . 0 0 1 1 4 .0 0 - 149.50 1 3 0 .0 0 - 1 5 5.50 1 1 1 .5 0 - 1 4 9.00 6 - $100 $105 6 54 54 . 8 - 8 32 _ 32 _ 51 51 46 46 8 - $115 $120 $130 $140 $150 $160 $170 $180 $190 $200 $210 r$220 $115 $120 $130 $140 $150 $160 $170 $180 $190 $200 $210 $220 over 157 36 209 57 152 149 16 133 179 72 107 81 50 31 62 19 43 58 16 42 95 42 53 - _ - . _ _ - . _ - and $95 $110 A ll sc h e d u le d a ir lin e s C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s A----------M e n ----------------------------------------W o m en _______________________ C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s B_______ M e n ___________________________ W o m en -----------------------------------C le r k s , p a y r o ll (116 w o m e n , 13 m e n ) -----------------------------------------K eyp unch o p e r a to r s , c l a s s A (843 w o m e n , 8 m e n )______________ K eyp unch o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B (583 w o m e n , 6 m e n )---------------------M e s s e n g e r s ( o ff ic e b o y s o r g i r l s ) (157 m e n , 14 w o m e n )-------------------S e c r e t a r ie s ( 4 ,0 4 8 w o m e n , 16 m e n ) 3.----------------------------------------S e c r e t a r ie s , c l a s s A ( a ll w o m e n ) ------------------------------S e c r e t a r ie s , c l a s s B (a ll w o m e n ) ------------------------------S e c r e t a r ie s , c l a s s C (a ll w o m e n ) ------------------------------S te n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l (701 w o m e n , 3 m e n )---------------------S te n o g r a p h e r s, s e n io r (306 w o m e n , 10 m e n ) -------------------S w itc h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A ( a ll w o m e n )-----------------------------------S w itch b o a rd o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B (a ll w o m e n )_______________________ T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s , c la s s B (78 m e n , 11 w o m en )-------T y p is t s , c l a s s A (597 w o m e n , 24 m e n ) ------------------------------------------T y p is t s , c la s s B (261 w o m e n , 5 m e n )--------------------------------------------- $110 12 12 8 99 4 95 2 4 4 89 89 11 11 67 3 64 23 5 18 117 5 112 58 5 53 219 23 196 89 21 68 238 70 168 121 213 23 190 88 86 14 74 70 16 . 129 4 0 .0 131.50 128.50 1 1 3 .5 0 - 1 5 2.50 4 2 4 4 6 4 10 7 25 5 21 24 12 - 1 - - - - 851 4 0 .0 128.50 128.00 1 1 3 .5 0 - 142.00 4 6 2 2 90 64 67 56 172 135 128 90 33 2 - - - - - 1 1 0 .0 0 - 58 9 39 .0 1 2 2 .0 0 1 2 1 .0 0 134.00 - - 19 26 31 76 73 47 128 122 48 19 - - - - - - - 171 39.5 112.50 103.50 9 5 .0 0 - 1 3 4.00 3 7 34 28 14 14 6 7 9 30 15 4 - - - - - - - 4 , 064 39 .5 150.00 149.00 1 3 5 .5 0 - 1 6 2.50 8 8 16 15 20 66 65 120 403 590 803 705 602 347 113 63 84 14 22 384 39.5 175.00 172.00 1 6 0 .0 0 - 186.50 - - - - - - - - 3 7 30 57 83 76 42 32 22 10 22 632 38 .5 15.5.00 156.50 1 4 4 .0 0 - 167.00 - - 4 - 5 8 2 3 22 76 112 117 169 80 23 4 3 4 - 1 ,7 8 9 39.0 145.50 144.50 1 3 2 .5 0 - 159.00 8 8 9 11 4 14 31 50 249 335 357 301 209 143 8 11 41 - - 147 2 - - - - - - 704 39.5 134.00 1-34.50 1 2 1 .0 0 - 1 4 8.50 - - - 4 17 42 47 41 171 81 152 316 4 0 .0 130.50 129.50 1 2 6 .0 0 - 135.50 - - - - 4 4 3 10 144 128 23 107 39.5 140.00 135.00 1 3 1 .GO- 157.50 - - 1 - - 3 3 5 10 39 12 9 25 - - - - - - 113 4 0 .0 133.50 133.50 1 2 5 .0 0 - 145.50 - - - - 6 2 4 6 29 24 32 7 3 - - - - - - , 89 39 .0 138.50 138.50 1 2 5 .5 0 - 1 4 9.50 - - - - - - 9 8 15 15 20 14 8 - - - - - - 621 4 0 .0 1 1 9 .0 0 116.50 1 1 3 .5 0 - 1 2 2 .0 0 - - 3 2 24 55 179 120 132 72 34 - - - - - - - - 266 39 .0 113.00 1 1 0 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 2 4.50 3 7 37 35 37 28 21 26 29 20 2 - - - - - - 3 12 162 69 93 59 32 27 1 _ _ _ _ 53 197 55 142 128 115 20 5 7 64 36 5 31 192 173 73 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 21 D o m e s tic trunk a ir lin e s C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s A----------M e n ___________________________ W om en ________________________ C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s B----------W o m en -----------------------------------C le r k s , p a y r o ll ( 8 8 w o m e n , 1 0 m e n ) ------------------------------------------K eyp unch o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A (a ll w o m e n )-----------------------------------K eyp unch o p e r a to r s , c l a s s B (a ll w o m e n )-----------------------------------M e s s e n g e r s (o ffic e b o y s o r g ir ls ) (77 m ~n 1 ? S e c r e t a r ie s ( 3 ,0 1 5 w o m e n , 1 0 m e n ) 3 ----------------------------------------S e c r e t a r ie s , c la s s A (a ll w o m e n )------------------ 1 ----------S e c r e t a r ie s , c l a s s B (a ll w o m e n )------------------------------S e c r e t a r ie s , c la s s C (a ll w o m e n )------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. 690 229 461 903 780 38.5 37.5 39.5 38.5 39.0 153.50 157.00 151.50 133.50 133.00 152.50 1 5 8.50 150.00 133.50 133.00 1 4 5 .5 0 1 4 8 .5 0 1 4 3 .0 0 1 2 6 .0 0 1 2 2 .5 0 - 1 6 6.00 16 7 .5 0 1 6 2.00 1 4 6.50 1 4 6.50 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ - _ _ _ _ 1 1 2 2 31 29 32 32 3 36 35 147 127 34 93 207 185 _ _ _ 98 4 0 .0 140.00 143.50 1 2 3 .0 0 - 15 8 .0 0 - - - - 5 - 8 3 21 4 21 23 12 723 4 0 .0 126.50 127.00 1 1 3 .5 0 - 1 3 9.50 - - - - 86 53 63 53 166 123 110 64 5 40 0 38.5 121.50 1 2 1 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 - - 15 11 20 57 48 29 94 76 38 12 - 133.50 - 61 20 210 9 11 _ _ 1 _ _ - 1 _ - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - 89 39.0 100.50 9 8 .0 0 9 4 .5 0 - 1 0 5.50 32 20 12 10 6 7 1 3,'025 39.0 150.00 149.00 1 3 7 .0 0 - 161.50 - - - 1 - 7 32 49 322 502 681 537 485 272 67 44 16 9 1 346 39.5 171.00 1 6 9 .0 0 1 5 9 .GO- 1 8 2.00 - - - - - - - - 3 7 30 57 80 74 38 31 16 9 1 523 38.5 156.50 1 5 8.50 1 4 7 .0 0 - 167.50 - - - - - - 19 3 - - - 1 ,5 0 7 39.0 146.00 144.50 1 3 3 .5 0 - 159.00 3 1 19 3 21 19 53 92 103 161 69 204 311 338 278 204 129 T a b le 6. Straight-tim e w eekly earnings: O ffice clerical occupations— Continued (N u m b er and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly ea r n in g s o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s in s e le c t e d o ffic e c le r i c a l o c c u p a tio n s in sc h e d u le d a ir l i n e s , U n ited S ta te s , A u gu st 1970) N um ber of e m p lo y e e s O ccu p a tio n and s e x A verage w e e k ly h o u rs 1 (standard) W eekly e a r n in g s M ean M edian N u m b e r .o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s of— 12 M id dle r a n g e $85 Under and under $85 $90 $90 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $130 $140 $150 $160 $170 $180 $190 $200 $210 $220 $95 $100 $105 $110 $115 $120 $130 $140 $150 $160 $170 $180 $190 $200 $210 $220 over 115 1 and D o m e stic : tru nk lin e s — C ontinued S te n o g r a p h e r s, g e n e r a l -00—56148.50 565 39 .0 $134.00 $1 3 3 .0 0 302 4 0 .0 130.50 129.50 1 2 6 .5 0 - 1 3 5.50 53 39.0 130.50 1 3 1.00 1 2 6 .5 0 - 1 3 4.50 111 4 0 .0 133.00 133.50 1 2 5 .GO- 1 4 5.00 88 39.0 138.50 1 3 8.50 1 2 5 .5 0 - 1 4 9.50 598 114 4 0 .0 38.5 1 1 9 .0 0 1 1 6.50 106.50 1 1 3 .5 0 - 1 2 2 . 0 0 1 0 1 . 0 0 - 113.50 *6121 2 10 33 43 32 153 60 116 4 4 2 g 138 125 23 S te n o g r a p h e r s, s e n io r S w itc h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A (a ll w o m a n ) j 2 3 9 32 4 6 2 4 6 29 24 30 7 3 " - - 9 8 15 15 20 13 8 1 24 21 176 16 113 15 131 g 66 2 34 13 53 29 11 2 S w itch b o a rd o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B (a ll w o m a n ) _ T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s , c la s s B (77 m e n , 11 w o m e n )_____ T y p is t s , c la s s A (574 w o m e n , 24 m e n ) . . _ Typi fif b rla c g R |a11 w n m A n | 107.50 - 12 - " " 2 - - - - - 9 - - - - - - L o c a l s e r v ic e a ir lin e s C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s A (153 w o m e n , 9 m e n )---------------------C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s B (335 w o m e n , 13 m e n ) m p rlrc p a y r o ll ^all wrvmorij K eyp unch o p e r a to r s , c l a s s A (a ll w o m e n ) 162 4 0 .0 118.00 113.00 8 9 .5 0 - 1 4 8.50 348 22 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 104.00 97.00 1 0 3.50 9 5 .5 0 9 3 .GO- 115.00 8 7 .5 0 - 106.50 43 4 0 .0 111.50 108.00 9 3 .0 0 - 130.50 86 4 0 .0 113.00 113.00 1 0 7 .0 0 - 117.50 15 354 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 94.00 125.50 9 6 .5 0 124.50 8 6 .5 0 - 9 7 .0 0 1 1 1 .5 0 - 1 4 1.50 71 4 0 .0 138.50 1 3 8.00 1 2 5 .0 0 - 1 5 6.50 148 73 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 121.00 105.50 1 2 4.50 101.00 1 0 6 .GO- 138.00 9 9 .0 0 - 113.00 4 6 46 12 - 8 4 6 2 17 12 26 10 54 27 4 40 56 40 30 49 17 17 5 5 4 8 2 3 2 3 4 6 2 2 2 6 3 3 3 9 3 g 5 17 25 16 13 2 4 K eyp unch o p e r a to r s , c l a s s B (a ll w o m e n ) M e s s e n g e r s (o ffic e b o y s o r g ir ls ) (13 m e n , 2 w o m e n ) ..................... .......... S e c r e t a r ie s (a ll w o m e n ) 34............ ........ S e c r e t a r ie s , c la s s B (a ll w o m e n )------------------------------S e c r e t a r ie s , c l a s s C (a ll w o m e n )----------------------- ------T y p is t s , c l a s s B (a ll w o m e n )--------- 1 S tandard h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w ork w eek w ork on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s ), h a lf d o lla r . F o r d e fin itio n o f m e a n , m ed ia n , 2 In c lu d e s d ata fo r a i r lin e s in addition 3 In c lu d e s w o r k e r s in c la s s if ic a t io n in 4 W ork ers w e r e d is tr ib u te d a s fo llo w s: 3 - 8 15 8 2 8 7 1 2 10 9 33 26 49 59 47 28 48 5 - 4 - 4 8 1 - 3 17 10 12 .3 9 - - - - - 8 9 4 10 24 1 14 7 8 9 9 15 6 33 8 19 13 16 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s tr a ig h t -t im e s a la r i e s ( e x c lu s iv e o f pay fo r o v e r tim e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a te s , and p r e m iu m pay for and the ea r n in g s c o r r e s p o n d to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s . A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s a r e rounded to th e n e a r e s t h a lf hour and a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s to th e n e a r e st and m id d le ra n g e, s e e a ppend ix B. to th o se show n s e p a r a te ly . addition to th o se show n s e p a r a te ly . 4 8 at $75 to $80, and 6 at $80 to $85. T a b le 7. Straight-tim e w eekly earnings: Electronic data processing occupations (N u m b er and a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s of n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s in s e le c te d e le c t r o n ic d ata p r o c e s s in g o c c u p a tio n s in s c h e d u le d a i r l i n e s , U n ited S ta te s , A u gu st 1970) A verage w e e k ly h ou rs1 e m p lo y (standard) ees N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s of— W eek ly e a r n in g s 1 Num ber O cc u p a tio n and s e x M ean M edian M iddle range $ 120 f i l e r $ 1 4 0 LJnder and $ 1 2 0 under $130 $140 $150 $ 1 5 0 $16 0 $17 0 $ 1 8 0 $ 1 9 0 $20 0 $ 210 $220 $230 $240 $250 $260 $ 2 7 0 $280 $ 3 0 0 $520" $340 $360" and $ 1 6 0 $17 0 $ 1 8 0 $ 1 9 0 $ 2 0 0 $ 2 1 0 $ 220 $ 2 3 0 $240 $250 $260 $270 $280 $300 $32 0 $340 $360 over A ll s c h e d u led a i r l i n e s 2 D ig ita l-c o m p u t e r o p e r a to r s , c l a s s A (240 m e n , 14 w o m e n ) -----D ig ita l-c o m p u t e r o p e r a to r s , c la s s B____________________________ M ati_________________________ ___ _ D ig ita l-c o m p u t e r o p e r a to r s , c la s s C (110 m e n , 17 w o m e n )-----P r o g r a m e r s , b u s in e s s, E D P , W om en ________ _ P r o g r a m e r s , b u s in e s s, E D P , c la s s B ____________________________ Mftn __ __ . P r o g r a m e r s , b u s in e s s, E D P , cl a s s C______________________ Mf>n______________________________ 254 3 9 .0 307 251 56 39 .5 39 .5 4 0 .0 $ 1 7 7 .0 0 $ 1 7 3 .0 0 $ 1 6 3 .0 0 -$ 1 8 8.00 - - 1 9 41 51 60 34 21 10 12 10 4 1 1 5 0 .5 0 - 176.50 1 5 0 .5 0 - 1 7 6.50 1 5 2 .0 0 - 17 4 .0 0 - 13 12 1 27 21 6 33 28 5 62 49 13 53 44 9 50 39 11 32 21 11 22 22 10 10 5 5 - - - 164.50 165.00 162.50 163.50 163.50 164.00 o m en ...... i, ,1, .,,,,r, T|„„ i i. S y s t e m s a n a ly s t s , b u s in e s s , E D P , c l a s s C (31 m e n , - - - - - - 127 3 8 .0 137.50 130.50 1 2 7 .0 0 - 143.50 9 25 56 13 9 3 11 363 288 75 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 2 3 8 .0 0 23 8 .5 0 23 6 .0 0 23 6 .0 0 2 3 6 .0 0 23 4 .5 0 2 2 1 .0 0 - 2 5 7 .0 0 2 2 1 .5 0 - 2 5 7 .5 0 2 1 4 .5 0 - 2 5 6 .0 0 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ _ 13 10 3 15 11 4 29 22 7 30 23 7 54 45 9 69 55 14 32 24 8 46 36 10 30 23 7 16 15 1 22 18 4 7 6 1 - - _ - 376 295 81 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 38 .5 2 0 8.50 20 9 .0 0 20 7 .0 0 20 6 .0 0 20 7 .0 0 20 5 .0 0 1 9 2 .0 0 - 2 3 0 .0 0 1 9 2 .0 0 - 2 3 0 .0 0 1 9 1 .5 0 - 2 3 0 .0 0 2 2 2 2 _ 4 4 12 6 6 12 9 3 28 24 4 27 23 4 55 38 17 72 58 14 35 30 5 27 .22 5 40 36 4 19 19 _ 28 15 13 6 4 2 5 3 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ 190 159 31 38 .5 38 .5 37 .5 181.50 180.50 186.00 180.00 180.00 180.50 1 6 5 .0 0 - 193.50 1 6 1 .5 0 - 193.00 1 7 9 .5 0 - 1 9 6.00 _ _ _ 1 1 _ 12 12 _ 13 9 4 26 26 _ 50 39 11 32 26 6 23 20 3 19 14 5 5 4 1 7 7 _ 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 201 39 .5 30 0 .0 0 30 0 .5 0 2 7 3 .0 0 - 3 2 6 .5 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 5 6 16 5 10 17 38 41 28 18 15 251 227 24 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 24 6 .5 0 2 4 5 .5 0 2 5 9.00 24 2 .0 0 24 2 .0 0 26 9 .0 0 214. GO- 2 7 6 .0 0 2 1 4 .0 0 - 2 7 4 .0 0 2 2 8 .5 0 - 2 9 4 .5 0 _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - 3 2 1 2 2 19 16 3 28 27 29 28 17 17 19 17 2 20 19 1 24 24 17 14 3 17 14 3 30 26 4 15 11 4 10 9 1 1 1 _ 41 3 9 .5 2 2 7 .5 0 23 1 .0 0 2 1 3 .0 0 - 2 4 8 .0 0 - - - - 1 - 2 6 - 1 3 11 6 2 3 1 2 - - - - 5 > ■ 7 6 _ _ _ S y s t e m s a n a ly s ts , b u s i n e s s , E D P , c l a s s A (189 m e n , S y s t e m s a n a ly s t s , b u s i n e s s , E D P , c la s s B -------------------------------- - 1 3 - D o m e s tic trunk a ir lin e s D ig ita l-c o m p u t e r o p e r a to r s , c la s s A (207 m e n , 13 w o m e n ) -----D ig ita l-c o m p u t e r o p e r a to r s , D ig ita l-c o m p u t e r o p e r a to r s , c la s s C (87 m e n , 12 w o m e n )-------P r o g r a m e r s, b u s in e s s, E D P , 220 3 9 .0 174.50 172.50 1 6 3 .0 0 - 1 8 5.50 205 164 3 9 .5 39.5 165.50 164.50 164.50 163.50 1 5 6 .5 0 - 1 7 4.00 1 5 5 .5 0 - 1 73i00 99 37 .5 135.00 130.50 1 3 0 .5 0 - 1 4 0.00 320 263 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 2 3 9 .5 0 24 0 .0 0 23 8 .5 0 23 8 .5 0 2 2 2 .5 0 - 2 5 9 .5 0 2 2 2 .5 0 - 2 5 9 .5 0 284 228 56 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 21 6 .0 0 21 5 .0 0 21 9 .0 0 2 1 2 .0 0 2 1 2 .5 0 2 1 1.00 1 9 8 .0 0 - 2 3 4 .5 0 1 9 9 .0 0 - 2 3 2 .5 0 1 9 6 .5 0 - 2 5 0 .0 0 177 149 28 3 8 .0 3 8 .5 3 7 .0 182.50 181.50 188.00 180.00 180.00 183.00 1 6 7 .0 0 - 1 9 5.50 1 6 1 .5 0 - 1 9 4.50 1 7 9 .5 0 - 198.50 _ 189 3 9 .5 30 2 .0 0 3 0 3.00 2 7 5 .0 0 - 3 2 7 .0 0 _ _ 207 3 9 .0 2 4 9 .5 0 2 4 5.50 2 1 8 .5 0 - 2 7 4 .5 0 . 32 3 9 .0 22 3 .5 0 22 9 .0 0 1 9 0 .0 0 - 2 4 8 .0 0 - - ■ - 21 - 4 37 49 58 34 21 9 3 3 17 16 57 48 49 40 50 39 21 10 6 2 2 54 13 9 2 13 10 13 9 25 19 20 18 45 40 60 50 26 20 44 35 29 23 16 15 22 18 17 17 28 15 13 4 2 2 5 3 2 2 2 P r o g r a m e r s, b u s in e s s, E D P , P r o g r a m e r s, b u s in e s s, E D P , •ur S y s t e m s a n a ly s ts , b u s i n e s s . E D P , c la s s A (177 m en , S y s t e m s a n a ly s ts , b u s in e s s , E D P , c la s s B (188 m e n , _ _ 4 2 2 20 17 3 13 12 39 28 11 58 49 9 33 28 5 26 21 5 35 32 3 _ 10 10 12 9 3 25 25 42 33 9 32 26 6 23 20 3 19 14 5 5 4 1 7 7 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 6 16 5 8 17 33 40 _ _ _ _ . _ _ 13 15 26 17 19 20 21 17 13 25 - - - 1 - 2 6 3 3 5 5 2 1 2 _ _ 28 18 15 13 8 _ _ - - - - S y s t e m s a n a ly s ts , b u s i n e s s , E D P , c la s s C (24 m e n , See footnotes at end of table. 1 1 T ab le 7. S traigh t-tim e w eekly earnings: Electronic data processing occupations— Continued (N u m b er and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f n o n su p er v iso ry w o r k e r s in s e le c t e d e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g o c c u p a tio n s in s c h e d u led a ir l i n e s , U n ited S ta te s , A u gu st 1970) O ccu p a tio n and s e x Num A verage ber w e e k ly of h o u rs1 e m p lo y (standard) ees W eekly e a r n in g s 12 M ean M edian M id dle range N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t -t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s of— $ 1 2 0 $ 1 3 0 $140 $150 $ 160 $ 1 7 0 $ 180 $190 $ 2 0 0 $210 $220 $230 $240 $250 $ 2 6 0 $270 $28 0 $300 $320 $340 Under and and $120 under $13 0 $ 140 $150 $16 0 $ 1 7 0 $18 0 $ 190 $20 0 $ 2 1 0 $220 $230 $240 $250 $260 $270 $280 $300 $320 $340 $360 o v er L o c a l s e r v i c e a ir lin e s D ig ita l-c o m p u t e r o p e r a to r s . c l a s s A (10 m e n , 1 w o m a n ) .—— D ig ita l-c o m p u t e r o p e r a to r s . c l a s s B„-----------------------------------------M en — — — ------- — — ________ P r o g r a m e r s , b u s in e s s, E D P , c l a s s B ____________________________ M e n -------- — S y s t e m s a n a ly s ts , b u s i n e s s , E D P , c l a s s B (26 m en , 3 w om en ) - — — ------- ------------ - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 3 3 2 2 1 1 2 1 _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ _ - - - 4 4 1 139.00 137.50 135.00 135.00 1 3 3 .5 0 - 1 4 5.00 1 3 0 .0 0 - 1 4 5.00 _ _ 8 8 21 15 16 12 5 1 2 2 _ _ _ 65 48 17 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 177.00 177.50 175.50 175.00 176.50 172.50 1 5 7 .5 0 - 1 9 5.50 1 5 9 .5 0 - 1 9 4.00 1 5 7 .5 0 - 1 9 8.00 2 2 - 2 _ 2 _ _ 4 4 " 12 6 6 7 7 - 7 6 1 11 9 2 8 6 2 29 4 0 .0 20 4 .0 0 201.50 1 9 5 .5 0 - 2 0 5 .0 0 3 2 6 13 3 $ 1 4 6 .0 0 —$ 1 6 0 .5 0 - 1 - 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 1 S tandard h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s ), h a lf d o lla r . F o r d e fin itio n o f m e a n , m e d ia n , 2 In c lu d e s d ata fo r a ir lin e s in a d d itio n $ 1 5 9 .5 0 $ 1 5 9 .0 0 - 11 52 38 - - 1 - - _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . - _ 1 2 fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e t h e ir r e g u la r s tr a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s ( e x c lu s iv e o f p a y fo r o v e r tim e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a t e s , and p r e m iu m pay for and the ea r n in g s c o r re sp o n d to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s. A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s a r e rounded to the n e a r e s t h a lf hour and a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s to the n e a r e s t and m id d le r a n g e , se e append ix B . to th o se show n se p a r a te ly . T a b l e 8 . S c h e d u le d w e e k l y h o u rs T a b le 9 . S h if t d if fe r e n tia l p ro v is io n s ( P e r c e n t o f e m p lo y e e s in s p e c if ie d o c c u p a tio n a l c a t e g o r ie s in sc h e d u led a ir lin e s b y sc h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s , 1 U n ited S t a te s , A u g u st 1970) (P e r c e n t o f m a in te n a n c e and r e la te d w o r k e r s in s c h e d u led a ir lin e s b y sh ift d iffe r e n tia l p r o v i s i o n s , 1 U n ited S ta te s , A u gu st 1970) A ll sc h e d u le d a ir lin e s 2 W e e k ly h o u r s 1 D o m e s tic tru ck a ir lin e s L ocal s e r v ic e a ir lin e s M ain ten an ce and r e la te d w o r k e r s Allworkers________________ 37V2 h o u r s ----------------------------------------------------------40 h o u r s —------------------------------------------------------------ 100 100 100 1 99 100 17 83 C u sto m e r s e r v i c e s agents A ll w o r k e r s -------------------------------------------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100 A ll s c h e d u led a ir lin e s 2 Shift d iffe r e n tia l D o m e s tic trunk a ir lin e s L ocal s e r v ic e a ir lin e s 100.0 100.0 100.0 _ 18.8 _ _ _ 1.0 8 0 .2 100.0 100.0 100.0 _ 25.4 _ _ 18.1 _ 56.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 _ _ 100.0 100.0 100.0 _ _ 2 5.4 S econ d s h ift W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts havin g s e c o n d sh ift p r o v is io n s —----------------------------------------------W ith sh ift d iffe r en tia ]------------------------------------U n ifo rm c e n ts p e r h o u r —_________________ 10 c e n ts -------------- —___ _______ _______ 11 c e n ts -------------- --- ------------------------ --12 c e n ts ------------------------------------------------16 c e n ts ------------------------------------------------18 c e n ts ------------------------------------------------19 c e n ts --------------------------------- --------- _ 21 c e n ts ------------------------------------------------- 100.0 100.0 100.0 .1 2 8 .0 .4 .2 1.2 .8 6 9.2 T h ird o r o th e r la te sh ift O ffice c le r i c a l w o r k e r s A ll w o r k e r s --------------------------- -------------------- 35 h o u r s _____ __ _______________________________ 3 7 ^ h o u r s ___ __ ____________________________ _ _ 40 h o u r s _________________________________________ 100 9 (3 ) 90 100 100 11 89 100 1 D ata r e la t e to th e p r e d o m in a n t w o r k s c h e d u le fo r f u ll- tim e d a y -s h ift w o r k e r s in e a c h a ir lin e . 2 In clu d es d ata fo r a i r l i n e s , in ad d itio n to t h o s e show n s e p a r a te ly . 3 L e s s than 0 .5 p e r c e n t. NO TE : B e c a u s e of rou n d in g, s u m s of in d iv id u a l ite m s m a y not equal 100. W o rk ers in e s ta b lis h m e n ts having th ir d - or o th er l a t e - s h if t p r o v is io n s - ____ ____________ _ W ith s h ift d iffe r en tia ]________________________ U n ifo rm c e n ts p e r hour ________________ _ 15 c e n ts -_____________ ____ ________ _ 17 c e n ts ---------------------- ——___ _—_____ 18 c e n ts ------------------------ -----------------------23 c e n ts ------------------------------------------------26 c e n ts -------------------------- --------------------28 c e n ts -------- — __________________ _____ 30 c e n ts ------------------------------- ---------------- 100.0 100.0 100.0 .1 .4 3.2 .2 .8 94.1 1.2 _ 1 R e fe r s to p o lic ie s o f a ir lin e s e ith e r c u r r e n tly o p e r a tin g la te s h ifts p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te s h ifts . 2 In clu d es data fo r a ir lin e s in a d d ition to th o s e show n s e p a r a te ly . NO TE: B e c a u s e o f rounding, _ _ _ 1.0 9 9 .0 - 56.4 18.1 or havin g fo rm a l su m s o f in d iv id u a l ite m s m a y not eq u al t o ta ls . T ab le 10. Paid holidays (Percent of employees in specified occupational categories in scheduled airlines with formal provisions for paid holidays, United States, August 1970) A ll sc h e d u led a ir lin e s 1 N u m b er o f p a id h o lid a y s F lig h t attendan ts ____________________ W o r k e r s in a i r lin e s p r o v id in g p aid h o lid a y s - -----6 d ays— 8 d ays— 9 d ays— 10 d a y s- . . . . — _ — ------ — — — ——————____——— — ___ - ____ — . ___ W o r k e r s in a i r lin e s p r o v id in g no p aid h o lid a y s -----_ ____ 100 (2) (2) (2) - D o m e s tic trunk a ir lin e s M ain tenance and r e la te d w orkers C u sto m e r s e r v ic e s a g e n ts O ffic e c le r i c a l w orkers F lig h t a ttendan ts 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 (?) (2 ) 98 (2) (2) 8 92 - (2 ) 5 95 - 99 1 In c lu d e s data fo r a ir lin e s in addition to th o se shown s e p a r a te ly . 2 L e s s than 0 .5 p e r c e n t. NO TE : B e c a u s e o f rounding, su m s of in d iv id u a l ite m s m a y not eq u a l t o ta ls . _ 100 M a in ten a n ce and r e la te d w orkers C u sto m e r s e r v ic e s a g e n ts L o c a l s e r v ic e a ir lin e s O ffic e c le r i c a l w orkers F lig h t atten d an ts M ain ten an ce and r e la te d w orkers C u sto m e r s e r v ic e s a g e n ts O ffice c le r ic a l w orkers 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 100 100 100 _ 100 - _ _ 100 - . _ 100 - _ _ 29 71 - 43 57 45 55 100 T ab le 11. Paid vacations (Percent of employees in specified occupational categories in scheduled airlines with formal provisions for paid vacations, United States, August 1970) A ll D o m e s tic sc h e d u le d trunk a i r lin e s 1 a ir lin e s L ocal s e r v ic e a ir lin e s A ll s c h e d u led a ir lin e s 1 V a c a tio n p o lic y V a ca tio n p o lic y F lig h t a tten d a n ts A ll w o r k e r s ____________________ 100 100 100 A ll w o r k e r s- M ethod o f o a v m en t 100 100 100 100 100 100 L e n g th -o f-tim e p a y m e n t— — A m ount o f v a c a tio n pa v 2 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e : d ays ____ _____ _________ d a y s -----_ ____ d a y s----- — d a y s— —__ _ A fte r 10 12 14 15 16 17 18 20 ----------- — M ain ten an ce and r e la te d w orkers C u sto m e r s e r v ic e s a g e n ts O ffice c le r ic a l w orkers 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 39 61 57 43 64 36 43 57 66 34 27 fc.7 71 57 55 (3) 99 (3 ) 99 (3 ) 99 _ _ 100 100 100 100 _ 100 _ 100 A m ount of v a c a tio n p a v 2 • _ _ ___ _ ___ 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e : d a y s- — -------d a y s------— . ____ _ d a y s- — _ _________ d a y s— — — ____ ____ d a y s— —b. __ — __ ___ d a y s....................................................... — - _____ d a y s------- — - — d a y s__ — — — __ - 23 d a y s — A fte r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : L e s s than 21 d a y s— — — ___ 21 d a y s - - — — — 23 d a y s---- —---------------------------------24 d a y s- - — — — — 30 d a y s— — — — — (3 ) 9 47 17 14 (3 ) 12 (3 ) 9 44 15 1 - 11 53 18 18 1 52 - 11 53 18 - 20 12 17 16 35 - - 18 - _ 59 41 83 33 1 12 _ - 17 - 1 - - - 1 38 51 - 48 17 17 47 47 18 A fte r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e : L e s s than 21 d a y s — ——— — — 21 d a y s — ------------— — ___ 23 d a y s ---------- . — . — — 24 d a y s — ———— — ___—_____ ____ 28 d a y s ___ — — — — — ___________ 30 d a y s ___— — ______— — ____________ 35 d a y s — — ____ — - — ______ 37 d a y s — -------— - — —— — - 48 5 1 29 38 9 14 6 - 1 3 6 - 36 29 12 18 A fter 5 y e a r s of s e r v ic e : A fter 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e : 2 w e e k s ______ — 3 w eeks — — — ___ A fte r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e : ?. ur^olrs 4 u;oolfC A fter 20 y e a r s of s e r v i c e : 4 3 w e e k s _____ 4 uiealre _ — — _ _ (3\ /3 \ (3) (3 ) 99 (3) 99 (3 ) 99 100 100 I 100 I 100 100 100 M (3\ (’ ! 41 58 I 100 I 22 78 I 44 56 t7 71 57 55 4 96 (’ ) 24 75 _ - 3 6 A fter 1 y e a r of s e r v ic e : 2 w e e k s __________________ __ ___ _ - - 2 (3 ) (3 ) 14 12 67 33 A fte r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : L e s s than 21 d a y s --------------------------------21 d a y s— - — —------------ — — 23 d a y s ____— ___—— — — —— ____ 24 d a y s— — — - — 28 d a y s -----— -----— — 30 d a y s- — — — — — - - 17 - 35 - ■ 1 In c lu d e s d ata fo r a ir lin e s in a d d itio n to th o s e show n se p a r a te ly . P e r io d s of s e r v i c e w e r e a r b itr a r ily c h o s e n and do not n e c e s s a r ily r e fle c t the in d iv id u a l a ir lin e p r o v is io n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n . c h a n g e s o c c u r r in g b e tw e e n 5 and 10 y e a r s . 3 L e s s than 0,5 p e r c e n t. 4 V a c a tio n p r o v is io n s w e r e v ir t u a lly th e s a m e a fte r lo n g e r p e r io d s o f s e r v ic e . N O TE: B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l ite m s m a y not equal to ta ls . L o c a l s e r v i c e a ir lin e s C u sto m e r O ffic e s e r v i c e s c le r i c a l a g e n ts w orkers W o rk ers in a ir lin e s p r o v id in g L e n g t h - o f- t im e p a y m e n t ________ 20 d a y s- ------30 d a y s------ — M ain ten a n ce and r e la te d w orkers M ethod o f p a y m en t W o r k e r s in a i r l i n e s p r o v id in g A fte r 10 12 14 15 — D o m e s tic tru nk a ir lin e s M a in ten a n ce C u sto m e r O ffic e and s e r v i c e s c le r i c a l r e la te d a g e n ts w orkers w orkers F o r e x a m p le , the ch a n g e s in p r o p o r tio n s in d ic a te d at 10 y e a r s m ay include T a b le 1 2 . H e a lth , in s u ra n c e , a n d re tire m e n t p la n s (Percent of employees in specified occupational categories in scheduled airlines with selected health, insurance, and retirement plans, United States, August 1970) T y p e o f p lan F lig h t attend ents A ll w o r k e r s _________________________________ W ork ers in a i r lin e s p ro v id in g : L ife in s u r a n c e ________________________________ N o n co n tr ib u to ry p l a n s ____________________ A c c id e n ta l d eath and d is m e m b e r m e n t in s u r a n c e ____________________________________ N o n co n tr ib u to ry p l a n s _____________- ______ S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e or s ic k le a v e or b o t h 3 _________________________ S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e _________ N o n co n tr ib u to ry p l a n s _________________ S ic k le a v e (fu ll p a y , no w a itin g p e r io d )__ S ic k le a v e (p a r tia l p a y or w a itin g p e r io d )----------------------------------------H o s p ita liz a tio n in s u r a n c e ____________________ N o n co n tr ib u to ry p l a n s _________ _ _ S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e ___________________________ N o n co n tr ib u to ry p l a n s ------------------------------M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e ------------------------------------N o n co n tr ib u to ry p l a n s ____________________ M a jo r m e d ic a l in s u r a n c e ____________________ N o n co n tr ib u to ry p l a n s ____________________ R e tir e m e n t p la n s 4 ---------------------------P e n s io n s ______ ____________________________ N o n c o n tr ib u to r y p l a n s _________________ S e v e r a n c e p a y --------------------------------------------- A ll sc h e d u led a ir lin e s 12 M ain ten a n ce C u sto m e r and s e r v ic e s r e la te d a g e n ts w orkers O ffic e c le r ic a l w orkers F lig h t a tten d en ts D o m e s tic trunk a ir lin e s M a in ten a n ce C u sto m e r and s e r v ic e s r e la te d a g e n ts w orkers O ffic e c le r ic a l w orkers F lig h t a tte n d e n ts L ocal s e r v ic e a ir lin e s M ain ten an ce C u stom er and s e r v ic e s r e la te d agen ts w orkers O ffice c le r ic a l w orkers 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 62 100 80 100 68 100 69 100 70 100 90 100 74 100 77 100 71 100 71 100 72 100 61 52 43 48 39 55 47 62 55 56 47 50 39 54 46 67 61 83 71 83 71 83 72 84 61 99 93 81 95 100 93 81 79 99 87 78 92 99 92 81 95 100 97 97 94 100 98 95 77 100 93 93 92 100 96 96 94 100 50 38 100 100 50 39 82 100 58 47 89 5 100 94 100 94 99 94 100 94 96 96 12 “ 21 100 97 100 97 99 97 100 97 99 99 62 (5) 8 100 98 100 98 99 98 100 98 99 99 61 (5) 5 100 98 100 98 99 97 100 98 99 99 66 (5 ) 6 100 93 100 93 100 93 100 93 97 97 14 - 23 100 97 100 97 100 97 100 97 100 100 71 8 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 57 " 6 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 66 _ 100 88 100 88 100 88 100 88 80 80 18 18 100 89 100 89 100 89 100 89 100 100 56 ii 100 89 100 89 100 89 100 89 100 100 63 1 1 100 60 37 92 !1 8 100 77 100 77 100 77 100 77 100 100 37 1 In c lu d e s o n ly t h o s e p la n s fo r w h ich a t l e a s t p art o f the c o s t is b o r n e by th e e m p lo y e r and e x c lu d e s l e g a lly r e q u ir e d p la n s s u c h a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p en sa tio n and s o c ia l se cu rity ; h o w e v e r , plans r e q u ir e d by S ta te te m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in su r a n c e la w s a r e in clu d ed if th e e m p lo y e r c o n trib u te s m o r e than is le g a lly r e q u ire d o r th e e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e b e n e fits in e x c e s s of the le g a l r e q u ir e m e n ts . " N on con trib u tory p la n s" in c lu d e o n ly th o s e p la n s fin a n ced w h o lly by th e e m p lo y e r . 2 In c lu d e s d ata fo r a ir lin e s in addition to th o s e show n s e p a r a te ly . 3 U n d u p licated to ta l o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s ic k le a v e or s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e show n s e p a r a te ly . 4 U n d u p lica ted to ta l o f w o r k e r s c o v e r e d by p e n sio n and s e v e r a n c e pa y p la n s show n s e p a r a te ly . 5 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t. T a b le 1 3 . O t h e r s e le c te d b e n e fits ( P e r c e n t o f e m p lo y e e s in s p e c if ie d o ccu p a tio n a l c a te g o r ie s in s c h e d u led a ir lin e s w ith fo r m a l p r o v is io n s fo r fu n e r a l le a v e p a y , ju r y duty p a y , and te c h n o lo g ic a l s e v e r a n c e p a y , U n ited S t a te s , A u gu st 1970) T y p e o f b e n e f it 1 F lig h t atten d en ts A ll s c h e d u led a ir lin e s 2 M a in ten a n ce C u sto m e r and s e r v ic e s r e la te d a g e n ts w orkers O ffic e c le r i c a l w orkers F lig h t atten d en ts D o m e s tic tru nk a ir lin e s M a in ten a n ce C u sto m e r and se r v ic e s r e la te d a g e n ts w orkers O ffic e c le r i c a l w orkers F lig h t a tte n d e n ts L ocal s e r v ic e a ir lin e s M ain ten an ce C u stom er and s e r v ic e s r e la te d agen ts w orkers O ffice c le r ic a l w orkers A ll w o r k e r s -------------------------------- ------------------ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 W o r k e r s in a ir lin e s w ith p r o v is io n s for: F u n e r a l le a v e p a y ________________________ ____ J u r y duty p a y ____ ,.......... _ T e c h n o lo g ic a l s e v e r a n c e p a y ________________ 95 95 42 99 99 84 96 99 54 99 99 46 97 97 35 100 100 83 100 100 54 100 100 43 66 67 20 83 100 65 79 100 38 86 100 23 1 F o r d e fin itio n s o f i t e m s , s e e append ix B. 2 In c lu d e s d ata fo r a ir lin e s in ad d ition to th o s e shown s e p a r a te ly . Appendix A. Pilot Pay T h e b a s ic p a y fo rm u la a n d su c h a d d itio n s a s in te r n a tio n a l o v e r r id e s d e te r m in e a c a p tain* s y ie ld f o r th e h o u r s a c tu a lly s p e n t fly in g an a i r c r a f t . H e m a y , h o w e v e r, a ls o r e c e iv e pay fo r p e r f o r m in g o th e r d u tie s . S c h e d u le d a i r l i n e s ty p ic a lly g r a n t f lig h t- tim e c r e d it and p ay f o r a l l duty h o u r s .5 T o i l l u s t r a t e , fo r e a c h 3 h o u r s of n o n fly in g d u ty , e .g ., p r e f lig h t b r ie fin g tim e , la y o v e r s , a n d p o s t- f lig h t d e b r ie fin g tim e , a c a p ta in m a y r e c e iv e 1 h o u r* s f lig h t- tim e p a y an d f lig h t- tim e c r e d i t b a s e d on th e ty p e of a i r c r a f t in v o lv e d .6 T h u s , if th e a c tu a l b lo c k - to - b lo c k fly in g tim e is Z lh h o u r s d u rin g a 4 - h o u r duty p e r io d , th e c a p ta in w ould r e c e iv e a to t a l of 3 h o u r s ’ f lig h t- tim e p ay an d f lig h t- tim e c r e d it. P a y f o r "d e a d h e a d in g " is a n o th e r c o m m o n p r a c tic e in th e in d u s tr y . T h is o c c u r s w hen a c a p ta in , a t th e com pany*s r e q u e s t, f lie s a s a p a s s e n g e r to r e tu r n to h is h o m e b a s e a f t e r a t r i p , o r to r e a c h a p o in t fr o m w h e re h is s c h e d u le d flig h t d e p a r ts . G e n e r a lly , a i r l i n e s p a y o n e -h a lf h o u r p a y an d f lig h t- tim e c r e d it fo r e a c h h o u r sp e n t d e a d h e a d in g . E a rn in g s of f i r s t and s e c o n d o f f ic e r s a r e u s u a lly s p e c ifie d p e r c e n ta g e s of th e b a s ic f o r m u la y ie ld s f o r th e c a p ta in w ith w h o m th e y f l y .7 F o r f i r s t o f f ic e r s w ith 5 y e a rs * s e r v ic e , h o u rly e a rn in g s in A u g u st 1970 a v e ra g e d ab o u t 59 p e r c e n t of th e c ap tain * s p ay ; f o r se c o n d E a rn in g s of th e 26, 000 p ilo ts 1 e m p lo y e d by th e sc h e d u le d a i r l i n e s in 1970 w e r e l a r g e ly d e te r m in e d a c c o r d in g to a b a s ic p a y fo r m u la e s ta b lis h e d by th e N a tio n a l L a b o r B o a rd on M ay 10, 1934 (D e c is io n N o. 8 3 ).2 O r ig in a lly , th is f o r m u la in c lu d e d lo n g e v ity o r b a s e p a y , h o u rly p a y , an d m ile a g e p a y . In 1947, h o w e v e r , a f o u r th f a c to r — g r o s s w e ig h t pay— w as ad d ed th ro u g h c o lle c tiv e b a r g a in in g . S in c e th a t tim e , th e p a y f o r m u la h a s c a lle d f o r th e su m of th e s e fo u r i te m s w h ic h a r e d e fin e d belo w . L o n g e v ity , o r b a s e p a y : A n e g o tia te d r a t e v a ry in g b y th e le n g th of s e r v i c e th e p ilo t h a s w ith th e in d iv id u a l a i r l i n e . T h e r a t e m a y d if f e r w ith in an a i r l i n e , by th e ty p e of a i r c r a f t flow n. T h e s e r a t e s a r e u s u a lly n e g o tia te d on an h o u r ly o r m o n th ly b a s i s . H o u rly p a y ; A n e g o tia te d r a t e v a ry in g a c c o rd in g to th e "p e g g e d s p e e d " 3 of th e a i r c r a f t flow n an d in c o r p o r a tin g a d a y -n ig h t d if f e r e n t i a l .4 M ile a g e p a y : A n e g o tia te d r a t e (co m m o n ly 3 c e n ts p e r m ile ) m u ltip lie d by th e to t a l n u m b e r of m i l e s flo w n . T o d e te r m in e th is p ay on an h o u r ly b a s i s , th e "p e g g e d s p e e d " of th e a i r c r a f t is u s e d in s te a d of th e a c tu a l m ile a g e . 1 Source: Air Transport 1971, p. 44. ( The annual report of the U. S. scheduled airline industry, published by the Air Transport Association of Am erica, Washington, D. C. 20236.) The following definitions are common in the airline industry: Pilot—Captain, reserve captain, first officer, reserve first officer, second officer, reserve second officer; a Captain is in command of the aircraft and its crew m embers while on duty; a First officer is second in command; and a Second officer is third in command. L Presidential Railroad Commission Study of Pay Practices for Flight Employees on U. S. Airlines. September 1961. pp. 22-23. 3 A negotiated speed, varying by type of aircraft, generally based on the average block-to-block speed at which the aircraft is scheduled to operate, rounded to the nearest m ile per hour. Block-to-block refers to the tim e period starting when blocks are removed from aircraft wheels prior to takeoff and ending when blocks are placed under the wheels after landing. 4 Night flying occurs between the horns of 6 p. m. and 6 a. m. 5 Duty horns generally refer to the period between the tim e a pilot is scheduled to report for duty prior to the departure of his flight and the tim e he is released after the conclusion of his flight. 6 The ratio formula and definition of terms vary by airline. A few airlines, in addition to this pay practice, also pay their pilots a specified hourly rate (averaging about $2. 35) for each operational duty hour, defined as duty tim e minus the actual block-to-block flying tim e. 7 This provision varies by airline; some companies pay a per centage of the captain's total monthly pay. For the first year of service, most airlines pay first and second officers a flat monthly salary. G r o s s w e ig h t p a y : A n e g o tia te d r a t e (c o m m o n ly 3 c e n ts p e r h o u r) m u ltip lie d by th e g r o s s w e ig h t of th e a i r c r a f t flow n (in th o u s a n d s of p o u n d s, c e r t i f i e d a n d d e te r m in e d by th e F A A ). T h is n e w e s t a d d itio n to th e fo r m u la (1947) h a s b e c o m e m o r e im p o r ta n t a s th e s iz e of th e p la n e s h a s i n c r e a s e d . S c h e d u le d a i r l i n e s n e g o t i a t e d s e p a r a te ly w ith t h e i r p ilo ts* r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s , th e A i r L in e P ilo ts A s s o c ia tio n , o r th e A llie d P ilo ts A s s o c ia tio n . A s a r e s u l t , th e n e g o tia te d r a t e s r e la tin g to th e fo u r f a c t o r s u s u a lly d if f e r am o n g th e c a r r i e r s . E x a m p le s of w h a t c a p ta in s m ig h t h a v e b e e n p a id u n d e r th e f o rm u la in A u g u s t 1970, g iv en c e r t a i n c o n d itio n s , a r e show n in ta b le A - l . In a d d itio n to th e e a r n in g s p r e s e n te d in th e ta b le , c a p ta in s m a y r e c e iv e o th e r flig h tr e la te d p a y m e n ts , d e p e n d in g upon th e a g r e e m e n t n e g o t i a t e d w ith t h e i r a i r l i n e s . F o r e x a m p le , c a p ta in s c u r r e n t l y a v e r a g e ab o u t $ 3 .6 0 f o r e a c h h o u r flow n on in te r n a tio n a l r o u te s ( c a lle d in te r n a tio n a l o v e r r i d e s ) . 21 a r e c o v e re d by th e s a m e r u le s c o n c e rn in g d e a d h e a d in g , o p e r a tio n a l duty p a y , and f lig h ttim e r a t i o s . In a d d itio n to e a r n in g s , th e p ilo t a s s o c i a tio n s h a v e , o v e r th e y e a r s , n e g o tia te d in to t h e i r c o n tr a c ts a v a r ie ty of e m p lo y e e b e n e f its . T h e s e in c lu d e p a id v a c a tio n s ; p a id s ic k le a v e ; r e t i r e m e n t p e n s io n s ; lif e , h o s p ita liz a tio n , m e d ic a l, and d is a b ility in s u r a n c e ; an d s e v e r a n c e p ay p r o v is io n s . o f f ic e r s , ab o u t 52 p e r c e n t. T o i l l u s t r a t e , th e p a y y ie ld s f o r a f i r s t an d s e c o n d o f f ic e r on a 707 w o u ld h a v e a v e r a g e d ab o u t $ 25 a n d $ 22 p e r h o u r , r e s p e c tiv e ly , b a s e d on th e p ay show n fo r c a p ta in s in t a b le A - l . S in ce f i r s t and se c o n d o f f ic e r s a r e p ilo ts , th e y a r e r e p r e s e n t e d by th e s a m e l a b o r m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n ts a s c a p ta in s , an d r e c e iv e e x tr a c o m p e n s a tio n (w h e re a p p lic a b le ) f o r su c h ite m s a s i n te r n a tio n a l o v e r r i d e s an d 22 T a b le A -1 . A v e r a g e h o u rly p a y y ie ld s fro m b a s ic p a y f o r m u la f o r c a p ta in s , s c h e d u le d a ir lin e s , 1 9 7 0 T ype of a ir c r a ft flow n— P a y fo r m u la D C -9 (Short ra n g e) Ite m A verage h o u rly ra te 727 (M edium ran ge) Ite m A verage h o u rly ra te 707 (L ong ran ge) Ite m A verage h o u rly ra te L o n g e v ity p a y ------ 12 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e $ 6 .4 9 12 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e $ 6 .2 5 12 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e $ 5 .9 3 H ou rly p a y _______ D ay r a te $ 1 2 .6 1 N ig h t ra te $ 1 6 .7 9 1 14.70 Day ra te $ 1 0 .0 5 N igh t ra te $ 1 3 .6 3 1 11.84 D ay r a te $ 9 .6 4 N igh t ra te $ 1 3 .1 5 1 11.40 M ile a g e pay_____________ (p egged sp e e d x $ .0 3 ) 4 8 9 m ile s p e r hou r G r o ss w e ig h t pay_______ (1, 000 pounds x $ .0 3 ) 103, 000 pounds A v e r a g e h o u rly t o t a l 12 513 m il e s p e r hou r 14.67 172, 000 pounds 3 .09 15.39 5.16 511 m il e s p e r hou r 15.33 3 3 4 , 000 pounds 10.02 3 8 .6 4 3 8 .9 5 D C -8 (60 S e r ie s L ong ran ge) Item A verage h o u rly r a te 4 2 .6 8 747 (Ju m bojet-L on'g _________ range)_______ Ite m A verage h o u rly ra te L o n g e v ity p a y - 12 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e $ 6 .0 8 12 y e a r s ' s e r v ic e $ 7 .9 0 H ou rly p a y ----- D ay ra te $ 9 .6 6 N igh t ra te $ 13.49 1 11.58 D ay r a te $ 1 2 .5 0 N igh t r a te $ 15.94 1 14.22 M ile a g e pay-------------------(p egged s p e e d x $ .0 3 ) 513 m il e s p e r hou r 15.39 547 m il e s p e r hou r 16.41 G r o s s w e ig h t p ay_ (1 ,0 0 0 pounds x $ .0 3 ) 339, 000 pounds 10.17 710, 000 pounds 2 1.30 4 3 .2 2 A v e r a g e h o u rly t o t a l 2 _ 5 9.83 1 It is a s s u m e d th a t th e p ilo t fle w V2 th e h ou r du rin g th e day and V2 th e h ou r during th e nigh t. 2 P ilo ts a r e lim ite d by F e d e r a l r eg u la tio n to a m a x im u m of 85 h o u rs p e r m on th on d o m e s tic and 255 h o u r s p e r q u a rter on in te r n a tio n a l duty. L a b o r -m a n a g e m e n t c o n tr a c ts w ith th e in d iv id u a l a ir lin e s u s u a lly lim it p ilo ts to fe w e r than 85 h o u rs fo r pay and c r e d it p u r p o s e s . In a ir lin e s w h e r e m a x im u m h o u rs a r e lo w e s t , h o w e v e r , th e d a y -n ig h t h o u rly r a te s te n d to b e h ig h e r . NOTE: D ata p r e s e n te d in th is ta b le w e r e obtained fr o m 17 r e p r e s e n ta tiv e la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t a g r e e m e n ts in e ffe c t a s of A u gu st 1970. L o n g e v ity and h o u rly p a y , p e g g e d s p e e d s , and g r o s s w e ig h ts o f th e a ir c r a ft a r e a v e r a g e s (m ea n s) of th e s e ite m s s p e c if ie d in th e a g r e e m e n t s . T he r a te s of 3 c e n ts p e r m ile and p e r 1 ,0 0 0 pounds of a ir c r a f t w e ig h t w e r e s e le c t e d a s ty p ic a l p r o v is io n s . 23 A p p e n d ix B. S c o p e and M ethod o f S u r v e y Scope o f survey Occupations selected for study T h e s u r v e y c o v e r e d a i r l i n e s h o ld in g c e r tif ic a te s of p u b lic c o n v e n ie n c e an d n e c e s s i t y u n d e r th e C iv il A e r o n a u tic s A c t an d o p e ra tin g o v e r fix e d r o u te s on fix e d s c h e d u le s ( p a r t of in d u s tr y 4511 a s d e fin e d in th e 1967 S ta n d a rd I n d u s tr ia l C la s s if ic a tio n M a n u a l, p r e p a r e d b y th e U.S. O ffice of M a n a g e m e n t a n d B u d g e t, f o r m e r l y th e U .S. B u r e a u of th e B u d g e t). T he s u rv e y in c lu d e d a i r l i n e s p r i m a r i l y e n g a g e d in th e t r a n s p o r t a t i o n of re v e n u e p a s s e n g e r s o r in th e t r a n s p o r t a t i o n of c a r g o o r f r e ig h t, s u c h a s d o m e s tic tr u n k a i r l i n e s , lo c a l s e r v i c e a i r lin e s , a ll- c a r g o c a r r i e r s , an d in te r n a tio n a l and t e r r i t o r i a l c a r r i e r s . D o m e s tic tr u n k a i r l i n e s p r i m a r i l y s e r v e th e l a r g e r c o m m u n itie s w ith in an d b e tw e e n th e 50 S ta te s ; lo c a l s e r v i c e a i r lin e s o p e r a te r o u te s b e tw e e n s m a l l e r c o m m u n itie s an d lin k th e m w ith l a r g e r c o m m u n itie s ; a ll-c a rg o c a r r i e r s p rim a rily p e rfo rm sc h e d u le d a i r f r e ig h t, e x p r e s s , an d m a il t r a n s p o r ta tio n o v e r s p e c if ie d r o u te s ; an d in te r n a tio n a l and t e r r i t o r i a l c a r r i e r s p r i m a r i l y o p e r a te o v e r s p e c if ie d r o u te s betw een th e U n ite d S ta te s and fo r e ig n c o u n tr ie s an d b e tw e e n th e U n ite d S ta te s an d it s t e r r i t o r i e s o r p o s s e s s i o n s . E x c lu d e d f r o m th e s u r v e y w e r e in tr a - H a w a ii and i n t r a - A l a s k a a i r c a r r i e r s , h e lic o p te r s e r v ic e s , f o r e ig n fla g c a r r i e r s , an d e m p lo y e e s of U n ite d S ta te s c o m p a n ie s b a s e d o u ts id e th e co n tig u o u s 48 S ta te s a n d th e D i s t r i c t of C o lu m b ia . A ls o e x c lu d e d w e r e o th e r c o r p o r a te a c tiv itie s ow ned an d o p e r a te d b y th e a i r l i n e s , su c h a s h o te ls , fin a n c in g o p e ra tio n s , an d t r a v e l a g e n c ie s . S e p a r a te a u x ilia r y u n its , su c h a s c e n tr a l o f f ic e s , h o w e v e r, w e r e in c lu d e d . T h e n u m b e r of a i r l i n e s an d w o r k e r s a c tu a lly s tu d ie d b y th e B u r e a u , a s w e ll a s th e n u m b e r e s tim a te d to b e w ith in th e sc o p e of th e s u r v e y d u rin g th e p a y r o ll p e r io d s tu d ie d , a r e show n in ta b le B - l . O ccu p a tio n a l, c la s s if ic a tio n w as b a s e d on a u n ifo rm s e t of jo b d e s c r ip tio n s d e s ig n e d to ta k e a c c o u n t of in te r a ir lin e v a r ia tio n s in d u tie s w ith in th e s a m e jo b . (See a p p e n d ix C f o r th e s e jo b d e s c r ip tio n s .) T he o c c u p a tio n s w e r e c h o s e n f o r t h e i r n u m e r ic a l im p o r ta n c e , th e i r u s e f u ln e s s in c o lle c tiv e b a r g a in in g , o r th e i r r e p r e s e n ta tiv e n e s s of th e e n tir e jo b s c a le in th e in d u s try . Wage data M o n th ly e a r n in g s d a ta f o r flig h t a tte n d a n ts in c lu d e b a s e p a y , o v e r tim e o r in c e n tiv e p a y , and a ll o th e r p a y d i r e c t l y r e la te d to d u ty , b u t e x c lu d e s p e c ia l a llo w a n c e s su c h a s th o s e f o r ro o m and b o a r d w h ile aw ay f r o m th e e m p lo y e e 's h o m e s ta tio n . P r e m iu m p a y r e c e iv e d w h ile s e r v in g a s f i r s t , le a d , o r s e n io r flig h t a tte n d a n t is in c lu d e d . W age d a ta fo r th e o th e r o c c u p a tio n s r e la te to s tr a ig h t- tim e e a r n in g s an d e x c lu d e p r e m iu m p a y fo r o v e r tim e an d fo r w o rk on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h if ts . C o st-o f-liv in g a d ju s t m e n ts an d lo n g e v ity p a y a r e in c lu d e d , a s a r e "line*1 and lic e n s e p r e m iu m s f o r m a in te n a n c e an d r e la te d p e r s o n n e l. A v e ra g e (m ean) r a t e s o r e a rn in g s (h o u rly , w e e k ly , o r m o n th ly ) f o r e a c h o c c u p a tio n w e r e c a lc u la te d b y w e ig h tin g e a c h r a te (o r e a rn in g s ) b y th e n u m b e r of w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g th e r a t e , to ta lin g , and d iv id in g b y th e n u m b e r of in d iv id u a ls . A v e ra g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s w e r e ro u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r ; m o n th ly e a r n in g s to th e n e a r e s t d o lla r . T h e m e d ia n is th a t p o in t in an a r r a y abo v e and b elo w w h ic h is found o n e -h a lf of th e e m p lo y e e d is tr ib u tio n . T h e m id d le ra n g e is th e c e n t r a l p a r t of an a r r a y ex clu d in g th e u p p e r and lo w e r fo u rth s of th e e m p lo y e e d is tr ib u tio n . Method of study Credited flight hours D a ta w e r e o b ta in e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s of th e B ureau * s f ie ld s ta ff. T h e s u r v e y w a s c o n d u c te d on a s a m p le b a s i s . In c o m b in in g th e d a ta , h o w e v e r, a ll a i r l i n e s w e r e g iv e n t h e i r a p p r o p r ia te w e ig h t. A ll e s tim a te s a r e p r e s e n te d , t h e r e f o r e , a s r e la tin g to a l l a i r l i n e s w ith in th e s c o p e of th e s u r v e y a t th e tim e of r e f e r e n c e of th e u n iv e r s e d a ta . C r e d ite d flig h t h o u rs a r e u s e d fo r p a y pur-* p o s e s f o r flig h t a tte n d a n ts , and r e f e r to th e c o m b in e d to ta l of a c tu a l flig h t h o u rs (b lo c k - to b lo c k tim e ) an d f lig h t- h o u r e q u iv a le n ts f o r n o n fly in g and d e a d h e a d in g tim e . B lo c k - to b lo c k r e f e r s to th e tim e p e r io d s ta r tin g w h en b lo c k s a r e re m o v e d fr o m a i r c r a f t w h e e ls p r i o r to ta k e o ff an d en ding w hen b lo c k s a r e p la c e d u n d e r th e w h e e ls a f te r lan d in g . F lig h th o u r e q u iv a le n ts a r e d e te r m in e d b y a p p ly in g a s p e c ifie d r a tio to n o n fly in g and d e a d h e a d in g tim e to t r a n s l a t e it in to f r a c tio n s o r w h o le h o u r s of flig h t tim e . Employment T h e e s t i m a t e s of th e n u m b e r of w o r k e r s w ith in th e s c o p e of th e s tu d y a r e in te n d e d a s a g e n e r a l g u id e to th e s iz e a n d c o m p o s itio n of th e la b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in th e s u r v e y . 24 D e a th b e n e fits a r e in c lu d e d a s a f o rm of life in s u r a n c e . S ic k n e s s an d a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e is lim ite d to th a t ty p e of in s u r a n c e u n d e r w h ich p r e d e te r m in e d c a s h p a y m e n ts a r e m a d e d i r e c tly to th e in s u r e d on a w e e k ly o r m o n th ly b a s is d u rin g illn e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ility . In fo r m a tio n is p r e s e n te d f o r - a l l su c h p la n s to w h ich th e e m p lo y e r c o n tr ib u te s a t l e a s t p a r t of th e c o s t. H o w e v e r, in New Y o rk and New J e r s e y , w h e re te m p o r a r y d is a b ility in s u r a n c e la w s r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n t r i b u t i o n s ,1 p la n s a r e in c lu d e d o n ly if th e e m p lo y e r (1) c o n tr ib u te s m o r e th a n is le g a lly r e q u ir e d , o r (2) p r o v id e s th e e m p lo y e e s w ith b e n e fits w h ich e x c e e d th e r e q u ir e m e n ts of th e law . P a id s ic k - le a v e p la n s r e p o r te d a r e lim ite d to f o r m a l p la n s w h ich p ro v id e fu ll p a y o r a p r o p o r tio n of th e w o r k e r 's p a y d u rin g a b s e n c e f r o m w o rk b e c a u s e of illn e s s ; in f o r m a l a r r a n g e m e n ts h av e b e e n o m itte d . S e p a ra te ta b u la tio n s a r e p ro v id e d fo r (1) p la n s w h ich p ro v id e fu ll p a y and no w a itin g p e r io d , an d (2) p la n s p ro v id in g e ith e r p a r t i a l p a y o r a w a itin g p e rio d . M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p la n s p ro v id in g f o r c o m p le te o r p a r t i a l p a y m e n t of d o c to r s ' fe e s . T h e s e p la n s m a y b e u n d e r w r itte n b y a c o m m e r c ia l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n y o r a n o n p ro fit o r g a n iz a tio n , o r th e y m a y be a f o rm of s e lf in s u r a n c e . M a jo r m e d ic a l in s u r a n c e , s o m e tim e s r e f e r r e d to a s e x te n d e d m e d ic a l in s u r a n c e , i n c lu d e s p la n s d e s ig n e d to c o v e r e m p lo y e e s f o r s ic k n e s s o r in ju r y in v o lv in g an e x p e n se w h ich e x c e e d s th e n o r m a l c o v e ra g e of h o s p ita li z a tio n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l p la n s . R e tir e m e n t p e n s io n s r e p o r te d a r e lim ite d to p la n s w h ich p ro v id e r e g u la r p a y m e n ts f o r th e r e m a in d e r of th e r e t i r e e 's life . D a ta a r e p r e s e n te d s e p a r a te ly fo r r e t i r e m e n t s e v e r a n c e p a y (one p a y m e n t o r s e v e r a l o v e r a s p e c ifie d p e r io d of tim e ) m a d e to e m p lo y e e s on r e t i r e m e n t. E s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g b o th r e t i r e m e n t s e v e r a n c e p a y m e n ts and p e n s io n s to e m p lo y e e s on r e t i r e m e n t w e r e c o n s id e r e d a s h av in g b o th r e t i r e m e n t p e n s io n an d r e t i r e m e n t s e v e r a n c e p ay . E s ta b lis h m e n ts h a v in g o p tio n a l p la n s p ro v id in g e m p lo y e e s a c h o ic e of e ith e r r e t i r e m e n t s e v e r a n c e p a y m e n ts o r p e n s io n s w e r e c o n s id e r e d a s h a v in g o n ly r e t i r e m e n t p e n s io n b e n e fits . Standard hours S ta n d a rd h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o rk w e e k fo r w h ich e m p l o y e e s r e c e iv e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s , an d w e r e r e p o r t e d f o r d is p a tc h e r s , c u s to m e r s e r v i c e s a g e n ts , o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s , an d e le c tr o n ic d a ta p r o c e s s ing p e r s o n n e l in ta b le s 4 th ro u g h 7. A v e r a g e s w e r e ro u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r. Scheduled weekly hours and shift provisions D a ta on s c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s r e f e r to th e p r e d o m in a n t w o rk s c h e d u le f o r fu ll tim e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s in a s p e c if ie d g ro u p e m p lo y e d on th e d a y s h ift. S h ift p r o v is io n s r e l a t e to th e p o lic ie s of a i r l i n e s e ith e r c u r r e n t l y o p e ra tin g la te s h if ts o r h a v in g f o r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e rin g la te s h ift w o rk . Supplementary wage provisions S u p p le m e n ta ry b e n e f its w e r e t r e a t e d s t a t i s tic a lly on th e b a s is th a t if f o r m a l p r o v is io n s in a n a i r l i n e w e r e a p p lic a b le to h a lf o r m o r e of th e w o r k e r s in a s p e c if ie d e m p lo y m e n t g ro u p (flig h t a tte n d a n ts , m a in te n a n c e an d r e la te d w o r k e r s , c u s to m e r s e r v i c e s a g e n ts , and o ffic e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s ) , th e p r a c t i c e o r b e n e fit w a s c o n s id e r e d a p p lic a b le to a ll su c h w o r k e r s . S im ila r ly , if fe w e r th a n o n e - h a lf of s u c h w o r k e r s w e r e c o v e r e d , th e p r a c t i c e o r b e n e fit w a s c o n s id e r e d n o n e x is te n t in th e a i r lin e f o r th a t g ro u p . B e c a u s e of le n g th - o f s e r v ic e and o th e r e lig ib ility r e q u i r e m e n t s , th e p r o p o r tio n of w o r k e r s re c e iv in g th e b e n e f its m a y b e s m a l l e r th a n e s tim a te d . P a id h o lid a y s . P a i d h o lid a y p r o v is io n s r e la te to f u ll- d a y an d h a lf - d a y h o lid a y s p r o v id e d a n n u a lly . P a id v a c a tio n s . T h e s u m m a r ie s of v a c a tio n p la n s a r e lim ite d to f o r m a l a r r a n g e m e n ts and e x c lu d e in f o r m a l p la n s w h e re b y tim e off w ith p a y is g r a n te d a t th e d is c r e t i o n of th e e m p lo y e r o r th e s u p e r v i s o r . T h e p e r io d s of s e r v ic e f o r w h ic h d a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d w e r e s e le c te d a s r e p r e s e n t a t i v e of th e m o s t c o m m o n p r a c t i c e s , b u t th e y do n o t n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t th e in d iv id u a l a i r l i n e 's p r o v is io n s f o r p r o g r e s sio n . F o r e x a m p le , th e c h a n g e s in p r o p o r tio n s in d ic a te d a t 10 y e a r s of s e r v i c e m a y in c lu d e c h a n g e s in p r o v is io n s w h ic h o c c u r b e tw e e n 5 an d 10 y e a r s . P a id f u n e r a l and ju r y d u ty le a v e . D a ta fo r p a id f u n e r a l and ju r y d u ty le a v e r e la te to f o r m a l p r o v is io n s f o r at l e a s t p a r t i a l p a y m e n t fo r tim e lo s t a s a r e s u l t of a tte n d in g f u n e r a ls of s p e c ifie d fa m ily m e m b e r s o r s e rv in g a s a ju ro r. H e a lth , in s u r a n c e , an d r e t i r e m e n t p la n s . D a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r s e le c te d h e a lth , i n s u r a n c e , p e n s io n , an d r e t i r e m e n t s e v e r a n c e p a y p la n s f o r w h ic h a l l o r a p a r t of th e c o s t is b o rn e b y th e e m p lo y e r , e x c lu d in g p r o g r a m s r e q u ir e d b y la w , su c h a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a tio n an d s o c ia l s e c u r ity . A m ong th e p la n s in c lu d e d a r e th o s e u n d e r w r itte n b y a c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n y an d th o s e p a id d ir e c tly b y th e e m p lo y e r f r o m h is c u r r e n t o p e ra tin g fu n d s o r f r o m a fund s e t a s id e f o r th is p u r p o s e . T e c h n o lo g ic a l s e v e r a n c e p a y . D a ta r e l a t e to f o r m a l p la n s p ro v id in g fo r p a y m e n t to e m p lo y e e s p e r m a n e n tly s e p a r a te d fr o m e m p lo y m e n t b e c a u s e of a te c h n o lo g ic a l ch an g e o r c u r ta ilm e n t of e m p lo y m e n t. 1 The temporary disability insurance law in C alifornia does not require em ployer contributions. 25 T a b le B -1 . E stim a te d n u m b e r o f a irlin e s a nd w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y and n u m b e r stu d ie d , s c h e d u le d a irlin e s , U n ite d S ta te s, A u g u s t 1970 W o r k e rs in a ir lin e s N u m b er o f a ir lin e s A c tu a lly stu d ied W ithin s c o p e of stu d y T ype o f a ir lin e W ith in sco p e o f study A c tu a lly stu d ied T o t a l1 F lig h t atten d an ts M ain ten an ce and r e la te d w ork ers C u sto m e r s e r v ic e s a g e n ts O ffice c le r ic a l w ork ers T o ta l 27 23 2 8 1 ,3 3 4 3 2 ,4 2 2 8 6 ,8 1 0 5 3 ,5 2 5 2 9 ,1 9 8 2 6 5 ,8 8 4 D o m e s tic tr u n k ------------------------ 11 10 2 2 0 ,0 2 8 2 6 ,4 1 9 7 0 ,9 8 6 3 9 ,9 7 3 2 3 ,5 0 7 2 1 1 ,7 3 4 L o c a l s e r v i c e ---------------------------- 9 6 2 5 ,8 9 7 2 ,3 8 4 5 ,6 0 4 9 , 158 2, 097 1 8 ,7 3 9 A ll sch ed u le d a i r l i n e s 2 ----------------- 1 In clu d es e x e c u t iv e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and o th er w o r k e r s e x clu d e d fr o m th e e m p lo y e e gr o u p s show n s e p a r a te ly . E m p lo y e e s b a s e d o u tsid e th e co n tig u o u s 48 S ta te s and th e D is t r ic t o f C o lu m b ia a r e e x clu d e d , a s a r e e m p lo y e e s e n gaged in c o r p o r a te a c tiv it ie s ow ned and o p e r a te d b y th e a ir lin e s but not d ir e c tly r e la te d to a ir tr a n s p o r ta tio n , su ch a s h o t e ls , fin a n cin g o p e r a tio n s , and tr a v e l a g e n c ie s . 2 In clu d es data fo r a ll- c a r g o a ir lin e s ; in te r n a tio n a l and t e r r i t o r ia l c a r r ie r s ; and o th er a ir lin e s in ad d ition to th o se show n s e p a r a te ly . E x c lu d e s in t r a - A la s k a and in tr a -H a w a ii a ir lin e s , h e lic o p te r s e r v i c e s , and fo r e ig n a ir lin e s . 26 A p p e n d ix C . O c c u p a tio n a l D e sc rip tio n s The p r i m a r y p u rp o s e of p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c r ip tio n s f o r th e B u r e a u 's w age s u r v e y s is to a s s i s t i t s fie ld s ta ff in c la s s if y in g in to a p p r o p r ia te o c c u p a tio n s w o r k e r s w ho a r e e m p lo y e d u n d e r a v a r ie ty of p a y r o ll t itle s an d d if f e r e n t w o rk a r r a n g e m e n t s f r o m e s ta b lis h m e n t to e s ta b lis h m e n t a n d f r o m a r e a to are a . T h is p e r m i t s th e g ro u p in g of o c c u p a tio n a l w age r a t e s r e p r e s e n tin g c o m p a r a b le jo b c o n te n t. B e c a u s e of th is e m p h a s is on in te r e s ta b lis h m e n t an d i n t e r a r e a c o m p a r a b ility of o c c u p a tio n a l c o n te n t, th e B u r e a u 's jo b d e s c r i p tio n s m a y d if f e r s ig n if ic a n tly f r o m th o s e in u s e in in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts o r th o s e p r e p a r e d f o r o th e r p u r p o s e s . In ap p ly in g th e s e job d e s c r ip tio n s , th e B u r e a u 's fie ld s ta f f g e n e r a lly a r e in s tr u c te d to e x c lu d e w o rk in g s u p e r v i s o r s , a p p r e n t i c e s , l e a r n e r s , b e g in n e r s , t r a i n e e s , a n d h a n d ic a p p e d , p a r t tim e , te m p o r a r y , a n d p r o b a tio n a r y w o r k e r s . F o r th is s u rv e y , h o w e v e r, f i r s t , le a d , a n d s e n io r s te w a r d s an d s te w a r d e s s e s a r e in c lu d e d in th e flig h t a tte n d a n t c a te g o r y . F L IG H T P ER S O N N EL R e n d e rs a v a r ie ty of p e r s o n a l s e r v ic e s c o n d u c iv e to s a fe ty a n d c o m f o r t of a i r l i n e p a s s e n g e r s w h ile e n ro u te . Flight attendant (A irlin e s te w a r d o r s t e w a r d e s s ; a i r l i n e h o s te s s ; flig h t s e r v ic e a tte n d a n t) A IR C R A F T C O N T R O L P ER S O N N EL tio n s ; p r e p a r e s flig h t p la n c o n ta in in g su c h in fo rm a tio n a s m a x im u m g r o s s ta k e -o ff an d la n d in g w e ig h ts , e n ro u te w ind a n d w e a th e r in fo rm a tio n , te r m in a l w e a th e r a n d a i r p o r t c o n d itio n s ; sig n s r e l e a s e w h ich (w ith c o n c u r r e n c e of p ilo t in co m m an d ) a u th o r iz e s o p e r a tio n of flig h t; d e la y s , c a n c e ls , o r r e r o u t e s flig h ts if n e c e s s a r y to in s u r e s a fe ty o r p r o te c t e c o n o m ic f a c to r s ; m a in ta in s a c o n s ta n t w a tc h o v e r w e a th e r a n d o th e r o p e ra tin g c o n d itio n s , a n d flig h t p r o g r e s s ; m a in ta in s r e c o r d s r e l a t ing to a n y i r r e g u l a r i t i e s in flig h t o p e ra tio n . H olds a lic e n s e is s u e d by th e F e d e r a l A v ia tio n A d m in is tr a tio n . Dispatcher (A irlin e d is p a tc h e r ) A u th o r iz e s , r e g u l a t e s , a n d c o n tr o ls c o m m e r c i a l a i r l i n e f lig h ts (in c o n c e r t w ith th e p ilo t in co m m a n d ) a c c o r d in g to G o v e rn m e n t a n d c o m p a n y r e g u la tio n s to e x p e d ite a n d in s u r e s a f e ty of flig h t a n d c o n tr o l e c o n o m ic f a c to r s of flig h t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t of th e fo llo w in g : A n a ly z e s a n d e v a lu a te s w e a th e r in fo rm a tio n to d e te r m in e p o te n tia l s a f e ty of flig h t, e c o n o m ic f e a s i b i l i t y an d d e s i r a b l e r o u t in g ; c o m p u te s fu e l r e q u i r e m e n t s a c c o r d in g to F e d e r a l r e g u la tio n s a n d e c o n o m ic c o n s i d e r a C U STO M ER S E R V IC E S P ER S O N N EL A ir freight agent Passenger services agent R e c e iv e s , a n d r o u te s a i r f r e i g h t a n d o th e r f o r m s of c a r g o . W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t of th e fo llo w in g : A n s w e rs in q u ir ie s a n d f u r n is h e s in fo rm a tio n on r a t e s , s c h e d u le s , r o u t i n g s , an d s e r v i c e s ; d e te r m in e s a n d r e c o m m e n d s s e r v ic e to m e e t c u s t o m e r 's n e e d s ; a c c e p ts f r e ig h t f r o m c u s to m e r ; d e s ig n a te s ro u tin g ; p r e p a r e s b ills a n d r e l a t e d d o c u m e n ts ; an d a c c e p t s p a y m e n t, a n d p r o c e s s e s r e c e i p t s . A t a i r p o r t lo c a tio n , a n s w e r s in q u ir ie s a n d f u r n is h e s in f o rm a tio n r e g a r d in g f a r e s , s c h e d u le s , r o u tin g s , an d s e r v i c e s . W ork in v o lv e s th e fo llo w in g : D e te r m in e s a n d re c o m m e n d s s e r v ic e s to m e e t c u s t o m e r 's n e e d s ; c o lle c ts tic k e ts an d c h e c k s in p a s s e n g e r s a t concoursLe b o a rd in g a r e a s ; an d a s s i s t s c u s to m e r s in r e so lv in g s e r v ic e p r o b le m s , su c h a s l o s t o r d a m a g e d b a g g a g e , lo s t tic k e ts , an d flig h t 27 i r r e g u l a r i t i e s . M ay p e r f o r m lo a d p la n n in g , d is p a tc h , a n d c o m m u n ic a tio n a c t i v i t i e s ; w eig h an d ta g b a g g a g e ; a n d in itia te a n d c o o r d in a te en p la n in g a n d d e p la n in g of p a s s e n g e r s . Ticket agent (T ic k e t s e lle r ) S e lls a i r t r a v e l tic k e ts to c u s to m e r s an d p e r f o r m s o th e r d u tie s r e la te d to tic k e t c o u n te r fu n c tio n s . W o rk in v o lv e s th e fo llo w in g : V e r i fie s a v a ila b ility of s p a c e ; c o m p u te s f a r e s ; i s s u e s tic k e ts a n d r e fu n d s ; w eig h s a n d c h e c k s b a g g a g e ; a n d m a i n t a i n s c a s h d r a w e r an d re c o rd s. F o r w age s u r v e y p u r p o s e s , tic k e t a g e n ts a r e to b e c la s s if ie d a c c o rd in g to th e ir lo c a tio n of e m p lo y m e n t, a s fo llo w s: Reservation sales agent P r i m a r i l y a c c e p ts r e s e r v a t i o n s o v e r th e te le p h o n e a n d a n s w e r s in q u irie s c o n c e rn in g a i r t r a v e l f a r e s , s c h e d u le s , r o u tin g s , c o n n e c tin g f lig h ts , a n d o th e r s e r v i c e s . W o rk in v o lv e s th e fo llo w in g : M a k e s o r c o n f ir m s flig h t r e s e r v a tio n s ; d e te r m in e s a n d re c o m m e n d s th e s e r v ic e w h ich m e e ts th e c u s t o m e r 's n e e d s ; n o tifie s p a s s e n g e r s of f lig h t d e la y s a n d c a n c e l la tio n s ; m a in ta in s a p p r o p r ia te r e c o r d s . M ay p r e p a r e tic k e ts a n d send th e m to th e c u s to m e r . A ir p o r t C ity o ffic e M A IN T E N A N C E A N D R E L A T E D P E R S O N N E L Cleaner, aircraft Mechanic, aircraft C le a n s e x t e r i o r a n d / o r i n t e r i o r of a i r c r a f t. M ay a l s o c l e a n a ir p la n e p a r t s a n d sh o p f a c i l i t i e s . R e p a ir s o r r e p la c e s e n g in e s , en g in e p a r t s , a n d a i r f r a m e c o m p o n e n ts to k e e p a ir p la n e in sa fe o p e ra tin g c o n d itio n . M e c h a n ic s r e s p o n s ib le fo r a n y r e p a i r o r m a in te n a n c e o p e ra tio n m a y be lic e n s e d b y th e F e d e r a l A v ia tio n A d m i n i s t r a t i o n a s e ith e r a n " a i r f r a m e m e c h a n ic " (to w o r k on th e p la n e 's fu s e la g e , c o v e rin g s u r f a c e , la n d in g g e a r , a n d c o n tr o l s u r f a c e s ) ; " p o w e rp la n t m e c h a n ic " (to w o rk on p la n e 's e n g in e s ); o r " a i r f r a m e a n d p o w e rp la n t m e c h a n ic " (to w o rk on a l l p a r ts of th e p la n e ). M e c h a n ic s m a in ta in in g a n d r e p a ir in g e l e c tr o n ic c o m m u n ic a tio n s e q u ip m e n t a r e r e q u ir e d to h a v e a t l e a s t a S eco n d C la s s R ad io T e le phone O p e r a to r L ic e n s e is s u e d b y th e F e d e r a l C o m m u n ic a tio n s C o m m is s io n . In g e n e r a l, th e w o rk of th e a i r c r a f t m e c h a n ic r e q u i r e s ro u n d e d tr a in in g a n d e x p e rie n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g a n d e x p e r ie n c e . F o r w age s u r v e y p u r p o s e s , a i r c r a f t m e c h a n ic s a r e to b e c la s s if ie d a s to w h e th e r th e m a in te n a n c e is p e r f o r m e d a t a i r p o r t s (lin e m a in te n a n c e ) o r a t m a jo r o v e rh a u l b a s e s (sh o p m a in te n a n c e ) : Inspector, aircraft (A irp la n e a n d e n g in e in s p e c to r ) E x a m in e s a i r p l a n e s to d e te r m in e w h at r e p a ir s a r e to b e m a d e o r to i n s u r e th a t r e p a i r s on a i r f r a m e s , e n g in e s , a n d o th e r e q u ip m e n t h a v e b e e n m a d e a c c o r d in g to s p e c if ic a tio n s . C e r tif ie s a i r w o r t h i n e s s of c r a f t . S ig n s in s p e c tio n ta g to a p p ro v e u n it o r r e c o r d s r e a s o n s f o r r e je c tin g u n it a n d k e e p s log on in s p e c tio n s p e r f o r m e d on a i r c r a f t . M ay p r e p a r e d is m a n tlin g sc h e d u le f o r a i r p l a n e s to b e o v e rh a u le d . H o ld s a i r f r a m e a n d p o w e rp la n t lic e n s e a n d in s p e c tio n a u th o r iz a tio n is s u e d b y th e F e d e r a l A v ia tio n A d m in is tr a tio n . In g e n e r a l, th e w o rk of th e a i r c r a f t i n s p e c to r r e q u i r e s ro u n d e d tr a in in g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip o r e q u i v a - . le n t tr a in in g a n d e x p e r ie n c e a s a n a i r c r a f t m e c h a n ic . F o r w age s u r v e y p u r p o s e s , in s p e c to r s a r e to be c la s s i f i e d a s to w h e th e r th e m a in te n a n c e is p e r f o r m e d a t a i r p o r t s (lin e m a in te n a n c e ) o r a t m a jo r o v e rh a u l b a s e s (sh o p m a in te n a n c e ) : L in e m a in te n a n c e Shop m a in te n a n c e Serviceman, ground and ramp L in e m a in te n a n c e Shop m a in te n a n c e ( F u e le r ; g ro u n d s e r v ic e h e lp e r ; r a m p a g e n t; f le e t s e r v ic e c le rk ) S e r v ic e s a i r c r a f t p r e p a r a t o r y to flig h t. W o rk of th e g ro u n d s e r v ic e m a n i n c lu d e s : S e r v ic in g a i r c r a f t w ith fu e l, o il, a n d h y d ra u lic flu id ; a n d o p e ra tin g m o b ile u n it p ro v id in g a i r c o n d itio n in g to th e p la n e 's i n t e r i o r w h ile a t th e r a m p . M ay m e e t a n d gu id e in c o m in g a i r c r a f t in to p a rk in g p o s itio n , w h e re th is is n o t p e r f o r m e d b y m e c h a n ic s , s e c u r e lo c k s , a n d in s t a l l w h e e l c h o c k s . M ay a ls o s e r v ic e g ro u n d Janitor (S w e e p e r; c h a rw o m a n ; j a n i t r e s s ) C le a n s a n d k e e p s in a n o r d e r l y c o n d itio n w o rk in g a r e a s , w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m i s e s of a n e s ta b lis h m e n t. W o rk e rs s p e c ia liz in g in w indow w a s h i n g a n d c le a n in g i n t e r i o r s o r e x t e r i o r s of a i r c r a f t s a r e e x c lu d e d . 28 a n d r a m p e q u ip m e n t to k e e p in o p e ra tin g c o n d itio n . W o rk of th e r a m p s e r v ic e m a n in c lu d e s : E q u ip p in g a ir p la n e c a b in w ith p a s s e n g e r s e r v ic e ite m s , s u c h a s food a n d b e v e r a g e s ; a n d lo a d in g a n d u n lo a d in g m a il, f r e ig h t, a n d o th e r c a rg o . F o r w age s u r v e y p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s a r e to be c la s s i f i e d a s fo llo w s : Stock clerk R e c e iv e s , s t o r e s , a n d is s u e s s u p p lie s , e q u ip m e n t, m a t e r i a l , o r to o ls in a s to c k ro o m o r s to r e r o o m . W o rk in v o lv e s a c o m b in a tio n of th e fo llo w in g : C h e c k s in c o m in g o r d e r s ; r e q u e s ts o r. o r d e r s s u p p lie s , e q u ip m e n t, a n d m a t e r i a l s ; a p p lie s id e n tific a tio n s to a r t i c l e s ; ta k e s p e r io d ic in v e n to ry o r k e e p s p e r p e tu a l in v e n to ry ; a n d m a k e s up n e c e s s a r y r e p o r t s . S to c k ro o m l a b o r e r s , to o lc r ib a tte n d a n ts , a n d e m p lo y e e s w ho s u p e r v is e s to c k c le r k s a n d l a b o r e r s a r e e x c lu d e d . G ro u n d R am p G ro u n d a n d r a m p O F F IC E P E R S O N N E L in f ile s a n d f o r w a r d s m a t e r i a l . M ay p e r f o r m r e la te d c l e r i c a l ta s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in an d s e r v ic e f ile s . Clerk, accounting C la s s A . U n d e r g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n of a b o o k k e e p e r o r a c c o u n ta n t, h a s r e s p o n s i b i l i t y fo r k e e p in g one o r m o r e s e c tio n s of a c o m p le te s e t of b o o k s o r r e c o r d s r e la tin g to one p h a s e of a n e s t a b l i s h m e n t ’s b u s in e s s t r a n s a c t i o n s . W o rk in v o lv e s p o s tin g a n d b a la n c in g s u b s id ia r y le d g e r o r l e d g e r s su c h a s a c c o u n ts r e c e iv a b le o r a c c o u n ts p a y a b le ; e x a m in in g a n d co d in g in v o ic e s o r v o u c h e rs w ith p r o p e r a c c o u n tin g d is tr ib u tio n ; r e q u ir e s ju d g m e n t an d e x p e r ie n c e in m a k in g p r o p e r a s s ig n a tio n s a n d a llo c a tio n s . M ay a s s i s t in p r e p a r in g , a d ju s tin g a n d c lo s in g jo u r n a l e n t r i e s ; m a y d i r e c t c l a s s B a c c o u n tin g c le rk s . C la s s C . P e r f o r m s ro u tin e filin g of m a t e r i a l th a t h a s a l r e a d y b e e n c la s s if ie d o r w hich is e a s ily c la s s if ie d in a s im p le s e r i a l c la s s if ic a tio n s y s te m (e.g ., a lp h a b e tic a l, c h ro n o lo g ic a l, o r n u m e r ic a l) . A s r e q u e s te d , lo c a te s r e a d ily a v a ila b le m a t e r i a l in f ile s a n d f o r w a r d s m a t e r i a l ; a n d m a y f ill out w ith d ra w a l c h a r g e . P e r f o r m s s im p le c l e r ic a l a n d m a n u a l ta s k s r e q u ir e d to m a in ta in a n d s e r v ic e f i l e s . Clerk, payroll C o m p u te s w a g e s of c o m p a n y e m p lo y e e s a n d e n t e r s th e n e c e s s a r y d a ta on th e p a y r o ll s h e e ts . D u tie s in v o lv e : C a lc u la tin g w o r k e r s ' e a r n in g s b a s e d on tim e o r p ro d u c tio n r e c o r d s ; p o stin g c a lc u la te d d a ta on p a y r o ll s h e e t, sh o w ing in fo rm a tio n su c h a s w o rk e r* s n a m e , w o rk ing d a y s , tim e , r a t e , d e d u c tio n s f o r in s u r a n c e , a n d to ta l w a g e s d u e . M ay m a k e out p a y c h e c k s a n d a s s i s t p a y m a s te r in m a k in g up a n d d i s tr ib u tin g p ay e n v e lo p e s . M ay u s e a c a lc u la tin g m a c h in e . C la s s B . U n d e r s u p e r v is io n , p e r f o r m s one o r m o r e r o u tin e a c c o u n tin g o p e r a tio n s su c h a s p o s tin g s im p le jo u r n a l v o u c h e r s o r a c c o u n ts p a y a b le v o u c h e r s , e n te r in g v o u c h e rs in v o u c h e r r e g i s t e r s ; r e c o n c ilin g b a n k a c co u n ts; p o s tin g s u b s id ia r y l e d g e r s c o n tr o lle d b y g e n e r a l l e d g e r s , o r p o s tin g s im p le c o s t a c c o u n tin g d a ta . T h is jo b d o e s n o t r e q u i r e a k n o w led g e of a c c o u n tin g a n d b o o k k e e p ing p r in c ip le s b u t is fou n d in o ffic e s in w h ich th e m o r e ro u tin e a c c o u n tin g w o rk is su b d iv id e d on a fu n c tio n a l b a s i s am o n g se v e ra l w o rk e rs. Digital-computer operator M o n ito rs a n d o p e r a te s th e c o n tr o l c o n s o le of a d ig ita l c o m p u te r to p ro c e s s d a ta a c c o rd in g to o p e ra tin g in s tr u c tio n s , u s u a lly p r e p a r e d by a p r o g r a m e r . W o rk in c lu d e s m o s t of th e fo llo w in g : S tu d ie s in s tr u c tio n s to d e te r m in e e q u ip m e n t s e t- u p a n d o p e r a tio n s ; lo a d s e q u ip m e n t w ith r e q u ir e d ite m s (ta p e r e e l s , c a r d s , e tc .) ; s w itc h e s n e c e s s a r y a u x ilia r y e q u ip m e n t in to c ir c u i t , a n d s t a r t s a n d o p e r a te s c o m p u te r; m a k e s a d ju s tm e n ts to c o m p u te r to c o r r e c t o p e r a tin g p ro b le m s a n d m e e t s p e c ia l c o n d itio n s ; re v ie w s e r r o r s m a d e d u rin g o p e ra tio n a n d d e te r m in e s c a u s e o r r e f e r s p r o b le m to s u p e r v is o r o r p r o g r a m e r ; m a in ta in s o p e ra tin g r e c o r d s . M ay t e s t a n d a s s i s t in c o r r e c tin g p ro g ra m . F o r w age s u r v e y p u r p o s e s , d ig ita l c o m p u te r o p e r a to r s a r e c la s s if ie d a s fo llo w s: Clerk, file C la s s A . In a n e s ta b lis h e d filin g s y s te m c o n ta in in g a n u m b e r of v a r ie d s u b je c t m a tte r f i l e s , c l a s s i f i e s a n d in d e x e s f ile m a t e r i a l su c h a s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , r e p o r t s , te c h n ic a l d o c u m e n ts , e tc . M ay a l s o file th is m a t e r i a l . M ay k e e p r e c o r d s of v a r io u s ty p e s in c o n ju n c tio n w ith th e f i l e s . M ay le a d a s m a ll g ro u p of lo w e r le v e l f ile c l e r k s . C la s s B . S o r ts , c o d e s , a n d f ile s u n c l a s s i fie d m a t e r i a l b y s im p le ( s u b je c t m a t t e r ) h e a d in g s o r p a r t l y c l a s s i f i e d m a t e r i a l by f in e r s u b h e a d in g s . P r e p a r e s s im p le r e l a t e d in d e x a n d c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e a i d s . A s r e q u e s te d , lo c a te s c l e a r l y id e n tif ie d m a t e r i a l 29 C la s s A . O p e r a te s in d e p e n d e n tly , o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n , c o m p u te r ru n n in g p r o g r a m s w ith m o s t of th e fo llo w in g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : New p r o g r a m s a r e f r e q u e n tly te s te d an d in tr o d u c e d ; sc h e d u lin g r e q u i r e m e n ts a r e of c r i t i c a l im p o r ta n c e to m in i m iz e d o w n tim e ; th e p r o g r a m s a r e of c o m p le x d e s ig n so th a t id e n tif ic a tio n of e r r o r s o u r c e o ften r e q u i r e s a w o rk in g k n o w led g e of th e to ta l p r o g r a m , a n d a l t e r n a t e p ro g ra m s m a y n o t be a v a ila b le . M ay g iv e d ir e c tio n a n d g u i d a n c e to lo w e r le v e l o p e r a t o r s . C la s s B . U n d er c lo s e s u p e r v is io n o r fo l low ing s p e c ific p r o c e d u r e s o r in s tr u c tio n s , t r a n s c r i b e s d a ta f r o m s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts to p u n ch ed c a r d s . O p e ra te s a n u m e r ic a l a n d /o r a lp h a b e tic a l o r c o m b in a tio n k e y p u n c h m a ch in e to k e y p u n c h ta b u la tin g c a r d s . M ay v e r if y c a r d s . W orking f r o m v a r io u s s ta n d a r d iz e d s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts , fo llo w s s p e c i fie d s e q u e n c e s w h ich h a v e b e e n co d ed o r p r e s c r i b e d in d e ta il an d r e q u ir e l i ttle o r no s e le c tin g , co d in g , o r in te r p r e tin g of d a ta to be p u n c h e d . P r o b le m s a r i s i n g f r o m e r r o n e ous ite m s o r c o d e s , m is s in g in fo rm a tio n , e tc ., a r e r e f e r r e d to s u p e r v is o r . C la s s B . O p e r a te s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n a c o m p u te r ru n n in g p r o g r a m s w ith m o s t of th e fo llo w in g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : M o s t of th e p r o g r a m s a r e e s ta b lis h e d p ro d u c tio n r u n s , ty p ic a lly ru n on a r e g u l a r l y r e c u r r i n g b a s i s ; th e r e is l i t t l e o r no te s tin g of new p r o g r a m s r e q u ir e d ; a l t e r n a te p r o g r a m s a r e p ro v id e d in c a s e o r ig in a l p ro g ra m needs m a jo r change o r cannot be c o r r e c t e d w ith in a r e a s o n a b le tim e . In c o m m o n e r r o r s itu a tio n s , d ia g n o s e s c a u s e an d ta k e s c o r r e c t i v e a c tio n . T h is u s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p ly in g p r e v io u s ly p r o g r a m e d c o r r e c tiv e s te p s , o r u s in g s ta n d a r d c o r r e c t i o n te c h n iq u e s . Messenger (office boy or girl) P e r f o r m s v a r io u s ro u tin e d u tie s s u c h a s ru n n in g e r r a n d s , o p e ra tin g m in o r o ffice m a c h in e s su c h a s s e a l e r s o r m a i l e r s , opening a n d d is tr ib u tin g m a il, a n d o th e r m in o r c l e r i c a l w o rk . E x c lu d e p o s itio n s th a t r e q u i r e o p e r a tio n of a m o to r v e h ic le a s a s ig n ific a n t d u ty . Programer, business— electronic data processing (D ig ita l c o m p u te r p r o g r a m e r ) OR C o n v e rts s ta te m e n ts of b u s in e s s p r o b le m s , ty p ic a lly p r e p a r e d b y a s y s te m s a n a ly s t, in to a se q u e n c e of d e ta ile d in s tr u c tio n s w h ich a r e r e q u ir e d to so lv e th e p r o b le m s b y m e a n s of a u to m a tic d a ta p r o c e s s in g e q u ip m e n t. W o rk ing f r o m c h a r ts o r d ia g r a m s , th e p r o g r a m e r d e v e lo p s th e p r e c i s e in s tr u c tio n s w h ich , w hen e n te r e d in to th e c o m p u te r s y s te m in co d ed la n g u a g e , c a u s e th e m a n ip u la tio n of d a ta to a c h ie v e d e s ir e d r e s u l t s . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t of th e fo llo w in g : A p p lie s k n o w led g e of c o m p u te r c a p a b ilitie s , m a th e m a tic s , l o g i c e m p lo y e d b y c o m p u te r s , a n d p a r t i c u l a r s u b je c t m a t t e r in v o lv e d to a n a ly z e c h a r ts an d d ia g r a m s of th e p r o b l e m s to be p r o g r a m e d . D e v e lo p s s e q u e n c e of p r o g r a m s te p s ; w r ite s d e ta ile d flow c h a r ts to show o r d e r in w h ich d a ta w ill be p r o c e s s e d ; c o n v e rts th e s e c h a r ts to co d ed in s tr u c tio n s fo r m a c h in e to follow ; t e s t s a n d c o r r e c t s p r o g r a m s ; p r e p a r e s in s tr u c tio n s fo r o p e ra tin g p e r s o n n e l d u rin g p r o d u c tio n ru n ; a n a ly z e s , re v ie w s an d a l t e r s p r o g r a m s to i n c r e a s e o p e ra tin g e ffic ie n c y o r a d a p t to new r e q u ir e m e n ts ; m a in ta in s r e c o r d of p r o g r a m d e v e l o p m e n t an d r e v is io n s . (N O T E : W o rk e rs p e rfo rm in g b o t h s y s te m s a n a ly s is a n d p ro g r a m in g sh o u ld be c la s s if ie d a s s y s te m s a n a ly s ts if th is is the s k ill u s e d to d e te r m in e th e i r pay.) D o es n o t in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s ib le f o r th e m a n a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v is io n of o th e r E D P e m p lo y e e s , o r p r o g r a m e r s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e rn e d w i t h s c ie n tif ic a n d /o r e n g in e e rin g p r o b le m s . F o r w age s u r v e y p u r p o s e s , p r o g r a m e r s a r e c la s s if ie d a s fo llo w s : O p e r a te s u n d e r d i r e c t s u p e r v is io n , a c o m p u te r r u n n i n g p r o g r a m s o r s e g m e n ts of p r o g r a m s w ith th e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s d e s c r ib e d fo r C la s s A. M ay a s s i s t a h ig h e r le v e l o p e r a t o r b y in d e p e n d e n tly p e r f o r m in g l e s s d iffic u lt ta s k s a s s ig n e d to h im a n d p e r f o r m ing d iffic u lt ta s k s fo llo w in g d e ta ile d i n s t r u c tio n s a n d w ith f r e q u e n t r e v ie w of o p e r a tio n s p e rfo rm e d . C la s s C . W o rk s on ro u tin e p r o g r a m s u n d e r c lo s e s u p e r v is io n . I s e x p e c te d to d e v e lo p w o rk in g k n o w led g e of th e c o m p u te r e q u ip m e n t u s e d a n d a b ility to d e te c t p r o b le m s in v o lv e d in ru n n in g r o u tin e p r o g r a m s . U s u a lly h a s r e c e iv e d s o m e f o r m a l tr a in in g in c o m p u te r o p e r a tio n . M ay a s s i s t h ig h e r le v e l o p e r a to r on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s . Keypunch operator C la s s A . O p e r a te s a n u m e r ic a l a n d / o r a l p h a b e tic a l o r c o m b in a tio n k e y p u n c h m a c h in e to t r a n s c r i b e d a ta f r o m v a r i o u s s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts to k e y p u n c h ta b u la tin g c a r d s . P e r f o r m s s a m e ta s k s a s lo w e r le v e l k e y p u n ch o p e r a to r b u t, in a d d itio n , w o rk r e q u ir e s a p p lic a tio n of co d in g s k ills a n d the m a k in g of so m e d e te r m in a tio n , f o r e x a m p le , lo c a te s on th e s o u r c e d o c u m e n t th e ite m s to b e p u n ch ed ; e x t r a c t s in fo r m a tio n f r o m s e v e r a l d o c u m e n ts ; a n d s e a r c h e s f o r an d i n t e r p r e t s in f o r m a tio n on th e d o c u m e n t to d e te r m in e in f o r m a tio n to b e p u n c h e d . M ay t r a i n in e x p e r ie n c e d o p e r a t o r s . 30 C la s s A . W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n on c o m p le x p r o b le m s w h ich r e q u i r e c o m p e te n c e in a l l p h a s e s of p r o g r a m in g c o n c e p ts a n d p r a c t i c e s . W o rk ing f r o m d ia g r a m s a n d c h a r t s w h ich id e n tify th e n a tu r e of d e s i r e d r e s u l t s , m a j o r p r o c e s s in g s te p s to be a c c o m p lis h e d , a n d th e r e la tio n s h ip s b e tw e e n v a r io u s s te p s of th e p r o b le m so lv in g r o u tin e , h e p la n s th e fu ll ra n g e of p r o g r a m in g a c tio n s n e e d e d to e f f i c ie n tly u tiliz e th e c o m p u te r s y s t e m s in a c h ie v in g d e s i r e d en d p r o d u c ts . A t t h i s le v e l, p r o g r a m in g is d if f ic u lt b e c a u s e c o m p u te r e q u ip m e n t m u s t b e o r g a n iz e d to p r o d u ce s e v e r a l i n t e r r e l a t e d b u t d i v e r s e p r o d u c ts f r o m n u m e r o u s an d d iv e r s e d a ta e le m e n ts * A w i d e v a r i e t y a n d e x te n s iv e n u m b e r of i n t e r n a l p r o c e s s in g a c tio n s m u s t o c c u r . T h is r e q u i r e s s u c h a c tio n s a s d e v e lo p m e n t of c o m m o n o p e r a tio n s w h ich c a n be r e u s e d , e s ta b lis h m e n t of lin k a g e p o in ts b e t w e e n o p e r a tio n s , a d ju s tm e n ts to d a ta w hen p r o g r a m r e q u ir e m e n ts e x c e e d c o m p u te r s to r a g e c a p a c ity , a n d s u b s t a n t i a l m a n ip u la tio n a n d r e s e q u e n c in g of d a ta e l e m e n ts to f o r m a h ig h ly i n te g r a te d p r o g r a m . M ay p ro v id e fu n c tio n a l d ir e c tio n to lo w e r le v e l p r o g r a m e r s who a r e a s s ig n e d to a s s i s t h im , a s n e e d e d . Secretary A s s ig n e d a s p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o r m a lly to one in d iv id u a l. M a in ta in s a c lo s e a n d h ig h ly re s p o n s iv e r e la tio n s h ip to th e d a y - to - d a y w o rk a c tiv itie s of th e s u p e r v is o r . W o rk s f a i r l y in d e p e n d e n tly re c e iv in g a m in im u m of d e ta ile d s u p e r v is io n a n d g u id a n c e . P e r f o r m s v a r ie d c l e r i c a l an d s e c r e t a r i a l d u tie s , u s u a lly in c lu d ing m o s t of th e fo llo w in g : C la s s B . W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n on r e l a t i v e l y s im p le p r o g r a m s , o r on s im p le s e g m e n ts of c o m p le x p r o g r a m s . P r o g r a m s ( o r s e g m e n ts ) u s u a lly p r o c e s s in f o r m a tio n to p ro d u c e d a ta in tw o o r th r e e v a r ie d s e q u e n c e s o r f o r m a t s . R e p o r ts a n d lis tin g s a r e p ro d u c e d b y re f in in g , a d a p tin g , a r r a y i n g , o r m a k in g m in o r a d d i tio n s to o r d e le tio n s f r o m in p u t d a ta w h ich a r e r e a d i l y a v a ila b le . W hile n u m e ro u s r e c o r d s m a y b e p r o c e s s e d , th e d a ta h a v e b e e n r e f in e d in p r i o r a c tio n s so th a t th e a c c u r a c y a n d se q u e n c in g of d a ta c a n b e t e s te d by u s in g a few r o u tin e c h e c k s . T y p ic a lly , th e p r o g r a m d e a ls w ith r o u tin e r e c o r d k e e p in g ty p e ope r a tio n s . R e c e iv e s te le p h o n e c a l l s , p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s , a n d in c o m in g m a il, a n s w e r s r o u tin e in q u ir ie s , a n d r o u te s th e te c h n ic a l in q u ir ie s to th e p r o p e r p e r s o n s ; b. E s t a b l i s h e s , m a in ta in s , a n d r e v i s e s th e s u p e r v i s o r 's f ile s ; c. M a in ta in s th e s u p e r v i s o r 's c a le n d a r an d m a k e s a p p o in tm e n ts a s in s tr u c te d ; d. R e la y s m e s s a g e s s u b o r d in a te s ; e. R e v ie w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , m e m o ra n d a , a n d r e p o r t s p r e p a r e d b y o th e r s f o r th e s u p e r v i s o r 's s ig n a tu r e to a s s u r e p r o c e d u r a l a n d ty p o g ra p h ic a c c u r a c y ; f. P e r f o r m s s te n o g ra p h ic a n d ty p in g w o rk . from s u p e r v is o r to M ay a ls o p e r f o r m o th e r c l e r i c a l an d s e c r e t a r i a l ta s k s of c o m p a ra b le n a tu r e an d d iffi c u lty . T he w o rk ty p ic a lly r e q u i r e s kn o w led g e of o ffic e ro u tin e a n d u n d e rs ta n d in g of th e o r g a n iz a tio n , p r o g r a m s , a n d p r o c e d u r e s r e la te d to th e w o rk of th e s u p e r v is o r . E x c lu s io n s N ot a l l p o s itio n s th a t a r e title d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s th e ab o v e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . E x a m p le s of p o s itio n s w h ich a r e e x c l u d e d f r o m th e d e fin itio n a r e a s fo llo w s: OR W o rk s on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s (a s d e s c r ib e d f o r c l a s s A) u n d e r c l o s e d ir e c tio n of a h ig h e r le v e l p r o g r a m e r o r s u p e r v i s o r . M ay a s s i s t h ig h e r le v e l p r o g r a m e r b y in d e p e n d e n tly p e r f o r m in g l e s s d if f ic u lt ta s k s a s sig n e d to h im , a n d p e r f o r m in g m o r e d iffic u lt ta s k s u n d e r f a i r l y c lo s e d ir e c tio n . M ay g iv e so m e g u id a n c e o r in s tr u c tio n to lo w e r le v e l p r o g r a m e r s . C la s s C . M a k e s p r a c t i c a l a p p lic a tio n s of p r o g ra m in g p r a c t i c e s a n d c o n c e p ts u s u a lly le a r n e d in f o r m a l tr a in in g c o u r s e s . A s s ig n m e n ts a r e d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p c o m p e te n c e in th e a p p lic a tio n of s ta n d a r d p r o c e d u r e s to ro u tin e p r o b le m s . R e c e iv e s c lo s e s u p e r v i sio n on new a s p e c ts of a s s ig n m e n ts , an d w o rk is r e v ie w e d to v e r if y it s a c c u r a c y an d c o n fo rm a n c e w ith r e q u i r e d p r o c e d u r e s . a. 31 a. P o s itio n s w h ich do n o t m e e t th e " p e r s o n a l" s e c r e t a r y c o n c e p t d e s c r i b e d above; b. S t e n o g r a p h e r s n o t fu lly tr a in e d s e c r e t a r i a l ty p e d u tie s ; c. S te n o g ra p h e rs s e rv in g a s o ffice a s s i s ta n ts to a g ro u p of p r o f e s s i o n a l , te c h n ic a l, o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n s ; d. S e c r e t a r y p o s itio n s in w h ich th e d u tie s a r e e ith e r s u b s ta n tia lly m o r e ro u tin e o r s u b s ta n tia lly m o r e c o m p le x a n d r e s p o n s ib le th an th o s e c h a r a c te r iz e d in th e d e fin itio n ; e. A s s i s t a n t ty p e p o s itio n s w h ich in v o lv e m o r e d iffic u lt o r m o r e r e s p o n s ib le te c h n ic a l, a d m in is tr a tiv e , s u p e r v is o r y , o r s p e c ia liz e d c l e r i c a l d u t i e s w h ich a r e n o t ty p ic a l of s e c r e t a r i a l w o rk . in N O T E : T he t e r m " c o r p o r a te o f f i c e r , " u s e d in th e le v e l d e fin itio n s fo llo w in g , r e f e r s to th o s e o f f i c i a l s who h av e a s i g n i f i c a n t c o rp o ra te - w id e p o lic y -m a k in g r o l e w ith r e g a r d to m a jo r a i r l i n e a c t i v i t i e s . b u t w h o se s u b o rd in a te s ta ff n o r m a lly n u m b e r s a t l e a s t s e v e r a l d o zen e m p lo y e e s a n d is u s u a lly d iv id e d in to o r g a n i z a tio n a l s e g m e n ts w h ich a r e o fte n , in tu r n , f u r t h e r su b d iv id e d . In so m e a i r lin e s , th is le v e l in c lu d e s a w ide ra n g e of o r g a n iz a tio n a l e c h e lo n s ; in o th e r s , only one o r tw o. C la s s A a. b. c. S e c r e t a r y to th e c h a ir m a n of th e b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t of a n a i r l i n e th a t e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 b u t f e w e r th a n 5 ,0 0 0 p e rso n s; or b. S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a te o f f ic e r (o th e r th a n th e c h a ir m a n of th e b o a r d o r p r e s i d en t) of a n a i r l i n e th a t e m p lo y s o v e r 5 .0 0 0 p e r s o n s b u t f e w e r th a n 25, 000 p e rso n s; or C la s s D S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d , im m e d ia te ly b e lo w th e c o r p o r a te o f f ic e r le v e l, of a m a j o r s e g m e n t o r s u b s id ia r y of a n a i r lin e th a t e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e rso n s. C la s s B a. S e c r e t a r y to th e c h a ir m a n of th e b o a r d o r p r e s i d e n t of a n a i r l i n e th a t e m p lo y s , in a l l , fe w e r th a n 100 p e r s o n s ; o r b. S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a te o f f ic e r (o th e r th a n c h a ir m a n of th e b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t) of a n a i r l i n e th a t e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 b u t f e w e r th a n 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r c. S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d ( im m e d ia te ly b e low th e c o r p o r a te o f f ic e r le v e l) o v e r e i t h e r a m a jo r c o r p o r a te - w id e fu n c tio n a l a c tiv ity ( e .g ., m a r k e tin g , r e s e a r c h , op e r a t i o n s , i n d u s t r i a l r e l a t i o n s , e tc .) o r a m a jo r g e o g ra p h ic o r o r g a n iz a tio n a l s e g m e n t ( e .g ., a r e g io n a l h e a d q u a r t e r s ; a m a j o r d iv is io n ) of a n a i r l i n e th a t e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 b u t fe w e r th an 25, 000 e m p lo y e e s . d. e. S e c r e t a r y to th e s u p e r v is o r o r h e a d of a s m a ll o r g a n iz a tio n a l u n it ( e .g ., fe w e r th a n a b o u t 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ) ; o r b. S e c r e ta r y to a n o n s u p e r v is o r y s ta ff s p e c i a l i s t , p r o f e s s io n a l e m p lo y e e , a d m in i s t r a t i v e o f f ic e r , o r a s s i s t a n t , s k ille d te c h n ic ia n o r e x p e r t. (N O T E : M a n y a i r l i n e s a s s ig n s te n o g r a p h e r s , r a t h e r t h a n s e c r e t a r i e s a s d e s c r ib e d a b o v e , to th is l e v e l of s u p e r v i s o r y o r n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o rk e r.) S e c r e t a r i e s in p o s itio n s w ith w o rk c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s a s d e s c r ib e d , a n d w ith in th e ra n g e of d e fin e d le v e ls , sh o u ld be r e p o r te d u n d e r th is c la s s if ic a tio n w hen th e i n f o r m a t i o n n e e d e d to c la s s if y s e c r e t a r i e s a c c o rd in g to th e le v e l d e fin itio n s is n o t a v a ila b le . Stenographer, general P r i m a r y d u ty is to ta k e d ic ta tio n in v o lv in g a n o r m a l r o u tin e v o c a b u la ry f r o m one o r m o r e p e r s o n s , e ith e r in s h o rth a n d o r b y S ten o ty p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e ; and t r a n s c r i b e d ic ta tio n . M ay a ls o ty p e f r o m w r itte n co p y . M ay m a in ta in f i l e s , k e e p s im p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r f o r m o th e r r e la tiv e ly ro u tin e c l e r i c a l ta s k s . M ay o p e r a te f r o m a s te n o g ra p h ic p o o l. D o es n o t in c lu d e tr a n s c r ib in g - m a c h in e w o rk . S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d of a n in d iv id u a l f a c ility (o r o th e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l of o ffic ia l) th a t e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 5, 000 p e rso n s; or Stenographer, senior P r i m a r y d u ty is to ta k e d ic ta tio n in v o lv in g a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la ry su c h a s in le g a l b r ie f s o r r e p o r t s on s c ie n tif ic r e s e a r c h f r o m one o r m o r e p e r s o n s e ith e r in s h o rth a n d o r b y S ten o ty p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e ; a n d t r a n s c r i b e d ic ta tio n . M ay a ls o ty p e fro m w r itte n copy. M ay a ls o s e t up a n d m a in ta in f i l e s , k e e p r e c o r d s , e tc . S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d of a la r g e an d im p o r ta n t o r g a n iz a tio n a l s e g m e n t ( e .g ., a m id d le m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v i s o r of a n o r g a n iz a tio n a l s e g m e n t o fte n in v o lv in g a s m a n y a s s e v e r a l h u n d re d p e r s o n s ) of a c o m p a n y th a t e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 .0 0 0 p e r s o n s . OR S e c r e t a r y to a n e x e c u tiv e o r m a n a g e r i a l p e r s o n w h o se r e s p o n s ib ility is n o t e q u iv a le n t to one of th e s p e c if ic le v e l s itu a tio n s in th e d e fin itio n f o r c l a s s B, a. S p e c ia l c la s s if ic a tio n C la s s C a. S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d of a n in d iv id u a l f a c ility (o r o th e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l of o ffic ia l) th a t e m p lo y s , in a l l , f e w e r th a n 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s . P e r f o r m s s te n o g ra p h ic d u tie s r e q u ir in g s ig n ific a n tly g r e a t e r in d e p e n d e n c e a n d r e s p o n s i b ility t h a n s te n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l, a s e v i d e n c e d b y th e fo llo w in g : W ork r e q u i r e s h ig h 32 d e g r e e of s te n o g r a p h ic s p e e d an d a c c u r a c y ; a n d a th o ro u g h w o rk in g k n o w led g e of g e n e r a l b u s in e s s a n d o f f i c e p r o c e d u r e s a n d of th e s p e c ific b u s i n e s s o p e r a tio n s , o r g a n iz a tio n , p o lic ie s , p r o c e d u r e s , f i l e s , w o rk flo w , e tc . U se s th is k n o w l e d g e in p e r f o r m in g s te n o g ra p h ic d u tie s a n d r e s p o n s ib le c l e r i c a l ta s k s su c h a s , m a in ta in in g fo llo w u p file s ; a s s e m b lin g m a te ria l fo r r e p o r ts , m e m o ra n d u m s, le tte r s , e tc ., c o m p o s in g s im p le l e t t e r s f r o m g e n e r a l i n s t r u c t i o n s ; r e a d i n g a n d ro u tin g in c o m in g m a il; a n d a n s w e r in g ro u tin e q u e s tio n s , e tc . D o es n o t in c lu d e t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h i n e w o r k . s u b je c t- m a tte r o p e ra tio n s to be a u to m a te d an d id e n tifie s c o n d itio n s a n d c r i t e r i a r e q u ir e d to a c h ie v e s a t i s f a c t o r y r e s u l t s ; s p e c if ie s n u m b e r a n d ty p e s of r e c o r d s , f i l e s , a n d d o c u m e n ts to be u s e d ; o u tlin e s a c tio n s to be p e r f o r m e d b y p e r s o n n e l an d c o m p u te rs in s u ffic ie n t d e ta il f o r p r e s e n ta tio n to m a n a g e m e n t a n d f o r p r o g ra m in g ( ty p ic a lly th is in v o lv e s p r e p a r a tio n of w o rk an d d a ta flow c h a r ts ) ; c o o r d in a te s th e d e v e lo p m e n t of t e s t p ro b le m s a n d p a r tic ip a te s in t r i a l ru n s of new a n d r e v is e d s y s te m s ; re c o m m e n d s e q u ip m e n t changes to o b ta in m o r e e ffe c tiv e o v e r a ll o p e r a tio n s . (N O T E : W o rk e rs p e r f o r m in g b o th s y s te m s a n a ly s is a n d p r o g ra m in g sh o u ld be c la s s if ie d a s s y s te m s a n a l y s ts if th is is th e s k ill u s e d to d e te r m in e th e ir pay.) D o es n o t in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s ib le f o r t h e m a n a g e m e n t o r s u p e r v i sio n of o t h e r E D P e m p lo y e e s , o r s y s te m s a n a ly s ts p r i m a r i l y c o n c e rn e d w ith s c ie n tif ic o r e n g in e e rin g p r o b le m s . F o r w age stu d y p u r p o s e s , s y s te m s a n a ly s ts a r e c la s s if ie d a s fo llo w s: Switchboard operator C la s s A . O p e r a te s a s in g le - o r m u ltip le p o s itio n te le p h o n e s w itc h b o a rd h a n d lin g in c o m in g , o u tg o in g , i n tr a p la n t o r o ffic e c a l l s . P e r f o r m s fu ll te le p h o n e in f o r m a tio n s e r v ic e o r h a n d le s c o m p le x c a l l s , su c h a s c o n f e r e n c e , c o lle c t, o v e r s e a s , o r s i m i l a r c a l l s , e ith e r in a d d itio n to d o in g ro u tin e w o rk a s d e s c r ib e d f o r s w itc h b o a rd o p e r a t o r , c la s s B, o r a s a f u l l - t i m e a s s ig n m e n t. (’'F u ll" te le p h o n e in f o r m a tio n s e r v i c e o c c u r s w hen th e e s ta b lis h m e n t h a s v a r ie d fu n c tio n s th a t a r e n o t r e a d i l y u n d e r s ta n d a b le f o r te le p h o n e in f o r m a tio n p u r p o s e s , e .g ., b e c a u s e of o v e r la p p in g o r i n t e r r e l a t e d f u n c tio n s , a n d c o n s e q u e n tly p r e s e n t f r e q u e n t p r o b le m s a s to w h ich e x te n tio n s a r e a p p r o p r i a t e f o r c a lls .) C la s s A . W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r only g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n on c o m p le x p ro b le m s in v o lv in g a l l p h a s e s of s y s te m s a n a ly s is . P r o b le m s a r e c o m p le x b e c a u s e of d iv e r s e s o u r c e s of in p u t d a ta an d m u ltip le - u s e r e q u ir e m e n ts of o u tp u t d a ta . ( F o r e x a m p le , d e v e lo p s a n in te g r a te d p ro d u c tio n s c h e d u l in g , in v e n to ry c o n tr o l, c o s t a n a ly s is , an d s c a le s a n a ly s is r e c o r d in w h ich e v e r y ite m of e a c h ty p e is a u to m a tic a lly p r o c e s s e d t h r o u g h th e fu ll s y s te m of r e c o r d s an d a p p r o p r ia te fo llo w -u p a c tio n s a r e in itia te d by th e c o m p u te r.) C o n fe rs w i t h p e r s o n s c o n c e rn e d to d e te r m in e th e d a ta p r o c e s s in g p r o b le m s a n d a d v is e s s u b je c t- m a tte r p e r so n n e l on th e im p lic a tio n s of new o r r e v is e d s y s te m s of d a ta p r o c e s s i n g o p e r a tio n s . M a k e s r e c o m m e n d a tio n s , if n e e d e d , f o r a p p ro v a l of m a jo r s y s te m s in s ta lla tio n s o r c h a n g e s a n d fo r o b ta in in g e q u ip m e n t. M ay p ro v id e fu n c tio n a l d ir e c tio n to lo w e r le v e l s y s te m s a n a ly s ts w ho a r e a s s ig n e d to a s s i s t h im , a s n e e d e d . C la s s B . O p e r a te s a s in g le - o r m u ltip le p o s itio n te le p h o n e s w itc h b o a rd h a n d lin g in c o m in g , o u tg o in g , i n t r a p la n t o r o ffic e c a lls . M ay h a n d le ro u tin e lo n g d is ta n c e c a lls an d r e c o r d to l l s . M ay p e r f o r m lim ite d te le p h o n e in fo r m a tio n s e r v i c e . " L im ite d " te le p h o n e in fo r m a tio n s e r v ic e o c c u r s if th e fu n c tio n s of th e e s ta b lis h m e n t s e r v ic e d a r e r e a d ily u n d e r s ta n d a b le f o r te le p h o n e in f o r m a tio n p u r p o s e s , o r if the r e q u e s t s a r e ro u tin e , e .g ., g iv in g e x te n s io n n u m b e r s w hen s p e c ific n a m e s a r e f u r n is h e d , o r if c o m p le x c a lls a r e r e f e r r e d to a n o th e r o p e r a to r . Switchboard operator-receptionist In a d d itio n to p e r f o r m in g d u tie s of o p e r a to r , on a s in g le - p o s itio n o r m o n ito r - ty p e s w itc h b o a r d , a c t s a s r e c e p t i o n i s t a n d m a y a l s o ty p e o r p e r f o r m r o u tin e c l e r i c a l w o rk a s p a r t of r e g u l a r d u tie s . T h is ty p in g o r c l e r i c a l w o rk m a y ta k e th e m a jo r p a r t of th is w o r k e r 's tim e w h ile a t s w itc h b o a rd . C la s s B . W o rk s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n on p r o b le m s th a t a r e r e la tiv e ly u n c o m p lic a te d to a n a ly z e , p la n , p r o g r a m , a n d o p e r a te . P r o b le m s a r e of lim ite d c o m p le x ity b e c a u s e s o u r c e s of in p u t d a ta a r e h o m o g e n e o u s a n d th e o u tp u t d a ta a r e c lo s e ly r e la te d . C o n fe rs w ith p e r s o n s c o n c e rn e d to d e te r m in e th e d a ta p r o c e s s ing p r o b le m s a n d a d v is e s s u b je c t- m a tte r p e r s o n n e l on th e im p lic a tio n s of th e d a ta p r o c e s s in g s y s te m s to be a p p lie d . Systems analyst, business— electronic data processing A n a ly z e s b u s in e s s p r o b le m s to f o r m u la te p r o c e d u r e s f o r so lv in g th e m b y u s e of e l e c tr o n ic d a ta p r o c e s s in g e q u ip m e n t. D e v e lo p s a c o m p le te d e s c r ip tio n of a l l s p e c if ic a tio n s n e e d e d to e n a b le p r o g r a m e r s to p r e p a r e r e q u ir e d d ig ita l c o m p u te r p r o g r a m s . W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t of th e fo llo w in g : A n a l y z e s OR W o rk s on a s e g m e n t of a c o m p le x d a ta p r o c e s s in g s c h e m e o r s y s te m , a s d e s c r ib e d fo r " C la s s A ." W orks in d e p e n d e n tly on r o u tin e a s s ig n m e n ts a n d r e c e iv e s in s tr u c tio n 33 a n d g u id a n c e on c o m p le x a s s ig n m e n ts . W o rk is re v ie w e d fo r a c c u r a c y of ju d g m e n t, c o m p lia n c e w ith in s t r u c t i o n s , a n d to i n s u r e p r o p e r a lig n m e n t of h is s e g m e n t w ith th e o v e r a ll s y s te m . in v o lv in g a r e p e titiv e a c c o u n tin g e x e r c i s e , a c o m p le te b u t s m a ll ta b u la tin g stu d y , o r p a r ts of a lo n g e r a n d m o r e c o m p le x r e p o r t . S uch r e p o r t s a n d s tu d ie s a r e u s u a lly of a r e c u r r i n g n a tu r e w h e re th e p r o c e d u r e s a r e w e ll e s ta b lis h e d . M ay a ls o i n c l u d e th e tr a in in g of new e m p l o y e e s in th e b a s ic o p e ra tio n of th e m a c h in e . C la s s C . W o rk s u n d e r im m e d ia te s u p e r v i sio n , c a r r y in g o u t a n a ly s e s a s a s s ig n e d , u s u a lly of a s in g le a c tiv ity . A s s ig n m e n ts a r e d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p a n d ex p an d h is p r a c tic a l e x p e r ie n c e in th e a p p lic a tio n of p r o c e d u r e s a n d s k ills r e q u i r e d f o r s y s te m s a n a l y s is w o rk . F o r e x a m p le , m a y a s s i s t a h ig h e r le v e l s y s te m s a n a ly s t b y p r e p a r in g th e d e ta ile d s p e c if ic a tio n s r e q u i r e d b y p r o g r a m e r s f r o m in f o r m a tio n d e v e lo p e d b y th e h ig h e r le v e l a n a ly s t. C la s s C . O p e r a te s s i m p l e ta b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c c o u n tin g m a c h in e s su c h a s th e s o r t e r , re p ro d u c in g p u n ch , c o lla to r , e tc ., w ith s p e c ific in s tr u c tio n s . M ay in c lu d e s im p le w irin g f r o m d ia g r a m s a n d so m e filin g w o rk . T he w o r k ty p ic a lly in v o lv e s p o r tio n s of a w o rk u n it, fo r e x a m p le , in d iv id u a l s o r tin g o r c o l l a t i n g r u n s , o r r e p e titiv e o p e r a tio n s . Tabulating-machine operator Typist C la s s A . O p e r a te s a v a r i e t y of ta b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c c o u n tin g m a c h in e s , ty p ic a lly in c lu d in g s u c h m a c h in e s a s th e ta b u la to r , c a lc u la to r , i n t e r p r e t e r , c o lla to r , a n d o t h e r s . P e r f o r m s c o m p le te r e p o r tin g a s s ig n m e n ts w ith o u t c lo s e s u p e r v is io n , a n d p e r f o r m s d if fic u lt w irin g a s r e q u i r e d . T h e c o m p le te r e p o r tin g a n d ta b u la tin g a s s ig n m e n ts ty p i c a lly in v o lv e a v a r i e t y of lo n g a n d c o m p le x r e p o r t s w h ich o fte n a r e of i r r e g u l a r o r n o n r e c u r r i n g ty p e r e q u ir in g s o m e p la n n in g an d se q u e n c in g of s te p s to b e ta k e n . A s a m o r e e x p e r ie n c e d o p e r a t o r , is ty p ic a lly in v o lv e d in tr a in in g n ew o p e r a t o r s in m a c h in e o p e r a tio n s , o r p a r t i a l l y t r a in e d o p e r a t o r s in w i r ing f r o m d ia g r a m s a n d o p e r a tin g s e q u e n c e s of lo n g a n d c o m p l e x r e p o r t s . D o es n o t in c lu d e w o r k i n g s u p e r v i s o r s p e r f o r m in g ta b u la tin g - m a c h in e o p e r a tio n s a n d d a y - to d a y s u p e r v is io n of th e w o rk a n d p ro d u c tio n of a g ro u p of ta b u la tin g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s . U se s a ty p e w r ite r to m a k e c o p ie s of v a r io u s m a t e r i a l s o r to m a k e out b ills a f t e r c a lc u la tio n s h a v e b e e n m a d e b y a n o th e r p e r s o n . M ay in c lu d e ty p in g of s te n c ils , m a ts , o r s i m i l a r m a t e r i a l s f o r u s e in d u p lic a tin g p r o c e s s e s . M ay do c l e r i c a l w o rk in v o lv in g l i ttle s p e c ia l tr a in in g , su c h a s k e e p i n g s im p le r e c o r d s , filin g r e c o r d s a n d r e p o r t s , o r s o r tin g an d d is tr ib u tin g in c o m in g m a il. C la s s A . P e r f o r m s one o r m o r e of th e fo llo w in g : T yping m a t e r i a l in fin a l f o r m w hen i t in v o lv e s co m b in in g m a t e r i a l f r o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s o r r e s p o n s ib ility f o r c o r r e c t s p e llin g , s y lla b ic a tio n , p u n ctu atio n , etc., of te c h n ic a l o r u n u s u a l w o rd s o r fo re ig n la n g u a g e m a t e r i a l ; a n d p lan n in g la y o u t a n d ty p in g of c o m p lic a te d s t a t i s t i c a l ta b le s to m a in ta in u n if o r m ity an d b a la n c e in s p a c in g . M ay ty p e r o u t i n e f o r m l e t t e r s v a ry in g d e ta ils to s u it c ir c u m s ta n c e s . C la s s B . O p e r a te s m o r e d iff ic u lt ta b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c c o u n tin g m a c h in e s s u c h a s th e ta b u la to r a n d c a l c u l a t o r , in a d d itio n to th e s o r t e r , r e p r o d u c e r , a n d c o lla to r . T h is w o rk is p e r f o r m e d u n d e r s p e c if ic i n s t r u c tio n s a n d m a y in c lu d e th e p e r f o r m a n c e of so m e w irin g f r o m d i a g r a m s . T he w o rk ty p ic a lly in v o lv e s , f o r e x a m p le , ta b u la tio n s C la s s B . P e r f o r m s one o r m o r e of th e fo llo w in g : C opy ty p in g f r o m ro u g h o r c l e a r d r a f t s ; r o u tin e ty p in g of f o r m s , in s u r a n c e p o lic ie s , etc; a n d s e ttin g u p s im p le s ta n d a r d ta b u la tio n s , o r co p y in g m o r e c o m p le x ta b le s a lr e a d y s e t u p a n d sp a c e d p r o p e r ly . 34 In d u stry W a g e S tu d ie s T h e m o s t r e c e n t r e p o r t s f o r in d u s t r i e s i n c l u d e d in th e B u r e a u 's p r o g r a m o f in d u s tr y w ag e s u r v e y s s in c e J a n u a r y I960 a r e l i s t e d b e lo w . C o p ie s a r e a v a ila b le f ro m th e S u p e rin te n d e n t of D o c u m e n ts , U .S . G o v e rn m e n t P r i n t - ing O f f i c e , W a sh in g to n , D. C . , 20402, o r an y of its r e g io n a l s a le s o f f ic e s , and f ro m th e B u re a u of L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s , W ash in g to n , D. C . , 20212, o r fr o m a n y o f its re g io n a l o ffic e s show n on th e in s id e b a c k c o v e r. I. O c c u p a tio n a l W a g e S tu d ie s Manufacturing P ric e B a s ic Ir o n a n d S te e l, 1967. B LS B u lle tin 1602_____________________________________ $0. 55 C an d y an d O th e r C o n fe c tio n e ry P r o d u c t s , 1965. BLS B u lle tin 1 5 2 0 _______________ . 30 C ig a r M a n u fa c tu rin g , 1967. B LS B u lle tin 1 5 8 1 ------------------------------------------------------.2 5 C ig a r e tte M a n u fa c tu rin g , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1 4 7 2 ------------------------------------------------.2 0 C o tto n an d M a n -M a d e F i b e r T e x t i l e s , 1968. BLS B u lle tin 1 6 3 7 ----------------------------- 1. 00 .5 0 F a b r i c a t e d S t r u c t u r a l S te e l, 1969. B LS B u lle tin 1 6 9 5 _____________________________ F e r t i l i z e r M a n u fa c tu rin g , 1966. BLS B u lle tin 1 5 3 1 _______________________________ .3 0 F lo u r a n d O th e r G r a in M ill P r o d u c t s , 1967. BLS B u lle tin 1 5 7 6 ----------------------------. 25 F lu id M ilk I n d u s tr y , 1964. B LS B u lle tin 1464---------------------------------------------------------- . 30 F o o tw e a r , 1968. B LS B u lle tin 1 6 3 4 ________________________________________________ .7 5 H o s ie r y , 1967. BLS B u lle tin 1 5 6 2 __________________________________________________ .7 0 I n d u s tr ia l C h e m ic a ls , 1965. B LS B u lle tin 1529------------------------------------------------------.4 0 I ro n an d S te e l F o u n d r i e s , 1967. B LS B u lle tin 1626________________________________ 1. 00 L e a th e r T a n n in g an d F in is h in g , 1968. B LS B u lle tin 1618---------------------------------------.5 5 M a c h in e r y M a n u f a c tu r in g , 1968. BLS B u lle tin 1664-----------------------------------------------.6 5 M e a t P r o d u c t s , 1969. B L S B u lle tin 1 6 7 7 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1 .0 0 M e n ’s a n d B o y s ’ S h ir ts (E x c e p t W o rk S h irts ) a n d N ig h tw e a r, 1968. B LS B u lle tin 1659_______________________________________ ______________________________ 65 M e n ’s an d B o y s ’ S u its an d C o a ts , 1970. BLS B u lle tin 1 7 1 6 _______________________ 1 .0 0 M is c e lla n e o u s P l a s t i c s P r o d u c t s , 1969. B LS B u lle tin 1690_______________________ .6 0 M o to r V e h ic le s a n d P a r t s , 1969. B LS B u lle tin 1 6 7 9 _______________________________ .7 5 N o n fe rro u s F o u n d r ie s , 1970. B L S B u lle tin 1 7 2 6 ___________________________________ .5 0 P a in ts a n d V a r n i s h e s , 1965. B LS B u lle tin 1 5 2 4 -----------------------------------------------------.4 0 P a p e r b o a r d C o n ta in e r s a n d B o x e s , 1970. B LS B u lle tin 1 7 1 9 ---------------------------------- 1 .2 5 P e tr o le u m R e fin in g , 1965. B LS B u lle tin 1526---------------------------------------------------------. 30 P r e s s e d o r B low n G la s s an d G l a s s w a r e , 1970. BLS B u lle tin 1713------------------------. 50 P u lp , P a p e r , an d P a p e r b o a r d M i l l s , 1967. B LS B u lle tin 1608------------------------------.6 0 S o u th e rn S a w m ills a n d P la n in g M ills , 1969. BLS B u lle tin 1694-----------------------------.5 0 S t r u c t u r a l C la y P r o d u c t s , 1969. B L S B u lle tin 1 6 9 7 _______________________________ .6 5 S y n th e tic F i b e r s , 1966. B L S B u lle tin 1540_________________________________________ . 30 S y n th e tic T e x t i l e s , 1965. B LS B u lle tin 1509-----------------------------------------------------------.4 0 T e x tile D yeing a n d F in is h in g , 1965—66. B LS B u lle tin 1527________________________ .4 5 W e st C o a s t S a w m illin g , 1969. B L S B u lle tin 1 7 0 4 __________________________________ .4 5 W o m e n ’s a n d M is s e s * C o a ts an d S u its , 1965. BLS B u lle tin 1 5 0 8 ____________________ .2 5 W o m e n ’s an d M i s s e s 1 D r e s s e s , 1968. B LS B u lle tin 1649__________________________ .4 5 W ood H o u se h o ld F u r n i t u r e , E x c e p t U p h o ls te re d , 1968. B LS B u lle tin 1651-----------.6 0 W ool T e x t i l e s , 1966. B LS B u lle tin 1 5 5 1 .............................. ............................................................... 45 W o rk C lo th in g , 1968. B LS B u lle tin 1624...................................... 50 I. O c c u p a tio n a l W a g e S t u d ie s — C o n tin u e d Nonmanufacturing P ric e A uto D e a le r R e p a ir S h o p s, 1969. B L S B u lle tin 1 6 8 9 ----------------------------------------------- $ 0 .5 0 B a n k in g , 1969. B LS B u lle tin 1 7 0 3 __________________________________________________ .6 5 B itu m in o u s C o a l M in in g , 1967. B LS B u lle tin 1583--------------------------------------------------. 50 C o m m u n ic a tio n s , 1969. B LS B u lle tin 1696_________________________________________ .3 0 C o n tr a c t C le a n in g S e r v i c e s , 1968. B LS B u lle tin 1 6 4 4 _____________________________ .5 5 C ru d e P e t r o l e u m a n d N a tu r a l G a s P r o d u c tio n , 1967. B LS B u lle tin 1566--------------. 30 H o te ls an d M o te ls , 1966r-67. B LS B u lle tin 1587 ---------------------------------------.4 0 E d u c a tio n a l I n s titu tio n s : N o n te a c h in g E m p lo y e e s , 1968—69. B LS B u lle tin 1 6 7 1 — .5 0 E l e c t r i c an d G a s U t i l i t i e s , 1967. B LS B u lle tin 1 6 1 4 ----------------------------------------------.7 0 H o s p ita ls , 1969. B L S B u lle tin 1 6 8 8 ________________________________________________ 1 .0 0 L a u n d ry a n d C le a n in g S e r v ic e s , 1968. B LS B u lle tin 1645 --------------------------------------- . 75 L ife I n s u r a n c e , 1966. B L S B u lle tin 1 5 6 9 ----------------------------------------------------------------*30 M o tio n P i c t u r e T h e a t e r s , 1966. B LS B u lle tin 1542 -----------------------------------------------. 35 N u r s in g H o m e s an d R e la te d F a c i l i t i e s , 1967—68. B LS B u lle tin 1 6 3 8 ---------------------- .7 5 • 60 W ag es an d T ip s in R e s ta u r a n ts an d H o te ls , 1970. B LS B u lle tin 1 7 1 2 -------------------II. O t h e r In d u s try W a g e S tu d ie s E m p lo y e e E a r n in g s an d H o u rs in N o n m e tro p o lita n A r e a s of th e S o uth and N o r th C e n tr a l R e g io n s , 1965. B LS B u lle tin 1552_________________________________ E m p lo y e e E a r n in g s a n d H o u rs in E ig h t M e tro p o lita n A r e a s of th e S o u th , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1533________________________________________ E m p lo y e e E a r n in g s a n d H o u rs in R e ta il T r a d e , J u n e 1966— R e ta il T r a d e (O v e r a ll S u m m a ry ). BLS B u lle tin 1584-----------------------------------------B u ild in g M a t e r i a l s , H a r d w a r e , a n d F a r m E q u ip m e n t D e a le r s . B LS B u lle tin 1 5 8 4 -1 ___________________________________ G e n e r a l M e r c h a n d is e S t o r e s . B LS B u lle tin 1 5 8 4 -2 --------------------------------------------F o o d S to r e s . B LS B u lle tin 1 5 8 4 - 3 _______________________________________________ A u to m o tiv e D e a le r s a n d G a s o lin e S e r v ic e S ta tio n s . B LS B u lle tin 1 5 8 4 -4 --------A p p a re l an d A c c e s s o r y S to r e s . B LS B u lle tin 1 5 8 4 -5 ___________________________ F u r n i t u r e , H o m e F u r n i s h i n g s , an d H o u se h o ld A p p lia n c e S to r e s . B LS B u lle tin 1 5 8 4 -6 _________________________________ M is c e lla n e o u s R e ta il S to r e s . B LS B u lle tin 1 5 8 4 -7 ---------------------------------------------- .5 0 40 1. 00 ☆ U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1972 O - 484-790 (78) 30 . 55 .6 0 . 50 . 55 50 . 65 B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S R E G IO N A L O F F IC E S Region I 1603-JFK Federal Building Government Center Boston, Mass. 02203 Phone: 223-6762 (Area Code 617) Region V 8th Floor, 300 South Wacker Drive Chicago, III, 60606 Phone: 353-1880 (Area Code 312) Region II 341 Ninth Ave., Rm. 1003 New York, N.Y. 10001 Phone: 971-5405 (Area Code 212) Region VI 1100 Commerce St., Rm. 6B7 Dallas, Tex. 75202 Phone: 749-3516 (Area Code 214) Region III 406 Penn Square Building 1317 Filbert St. Philadelphia, Pa. 19107 Phone: 597-7796 (Area Code 215) Regions V II and V III Federal Office Building 911 Walnut St., 10th Floor Kansas City, Mo. 64106 Phone: 374-2481 (Area Code 816) Region IV Suite 540 1371 Peachtree St. NE. Atlanta, Ga. 30309 Phone: 526-5418 (Area Code 404) Regions IX and X 450 Golden Gate Ave. Box 36017 San Francisco, Calif. 94102 Phone: 5 5 6 ^ 6 7 8 (Area Code 415) Regions V II and V III will be serviced by Kansas City. Regions IX and X will be serviced by San Francisco. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR T H IR D CLASS M A IL B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S WASHINGTON, D.C. 20212 POSTAGE AND FEES PAID OFFICIAL BUSINESS PE NALTY FOR P R IV A TE USE, $300 U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F LA B O R
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