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Industry Wage Survey -Machinery Manufacturing, September— November 1968 B U L LE TIN 1664 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics £ 1970 Dajfton & Montgomery Co. ’ P u b lic L ib ra ry SEP 3 1970 do cum en t collection i Industry Wage Survey M achinery Manufacturing, S e ptem b e r— N o ve m b e r 1968 B U L LE TIN 1664 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR George P. Shultz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner 197C For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government P rin ting O ffice , Washington, D.C. 20 402. Price 65 cents. Preface T h i s b u lle tin s u m m a r i z e s the r e s u l t s o f a B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t ic s s u r v e y o f w a g e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y b e n e fi t s in the n o n e l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s in 21 s e l e c t e d a r e a s in S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1968. N S e p a ra te r e l e a s e s f o r e a c h o f the a r e a s w e r e i s s u e d e a r l i e r and m a y be o b ta in e d f r o m the B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t ic s , W a sh in g to n , D. C. 20212, o r any o f its r e g i o n a l o f f i c e s . O c c u p a t i o n a l data a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r the m a c h i n e r y in d u s t r ie s as a w h o l e in e a c h a r e a . S e p a ra te i n f o r m a t i o n on a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n in g s by o c c u p a t i o n a ls o is p r e s e n t e d f o r s e l e c t e d i n d u s t r i e s (e. g. , s p e c i a l d ie s and t o o l s , die s e t s , j i g s , and f i x t u r e s ; m a c h i n e - t o o l a c c e s s o r i e s ; o i l - f i e l d m a c h i n e r y ) in nine a r e a s . T he d i s t r ib u t io n s o f w o r k e r s by o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s f o r th e s e i n d u s t r i e s a r e in c l u d e d in the in d iv id u a l a r e a r e l e a s e s . Data on e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e b e n e fit s a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r the i n d u s t r i e s as a w h o le in e a c h a r e a . T he study w a s c o n d u c t e d in the B u r e a u 's O f f i c e o f W a g e s and In d u s tr ia l R e l a t i o n s . T he a n a ly s is w a s p r e p a r e d by J o s e p h C . B u s h in the D i v i s i o n o f O c c u p a t i o n a l W a g e S t r u c t u r e s . F i e l d w o r k f o r the s u r v e y w a s d i r e c t e d by the A s s i s t a n t R e g i o n a l D i r e c t o r s f o r O p e r a t i o n s . O t h e r r e p o r t s a v a il a b le f r o m the B u r e a u 's p r o g r a m o f in d u s t r y w a g e stu d ie s and the a d d r e s s e s o f the B u r e a u 's r e g i o n a l o f f i c e s a r e l i s t e d at the end o f th is b u lle tin . iii Contents Page S u m m a r y -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I n d u s t r y c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P r o d u c t s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------E m p l o y m e n t --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P r o c e s s e s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------U n i o n i z a t i o n -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------M e t h o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S e x -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------T r e n d s i n e a r n i n g s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------E s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a n d s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s --------------------------------------S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l p r o v i s i o n s a n d p r a c t i c e s ----------------------------------------------------------------------P a i d h o l i d a y s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P a i d v a c a t i o n s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------H e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e t i r e m e n t p l a n s ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 C hart: I n c r e a s e in a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s , n o n e l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y m a n u f a c t u r i n g in 21 a r e a s , J a n u a r y 1 9 5 8 to s p e c i f i e d d a t e s -------------- 5 T a b le s: O ccu p ation al 1. In 21 2. In 12 3. In 9 averages — a r e a s : M e n -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------a r e a s : B y m e t h o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t ---------------------------------------------------------a r e a s : B y s e l e c t e d i n d u s t r i e s ------------------------------------------------------------------- O ccu p a tion a l ea rn in g s: 4. B a l t i m o r e , M d ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. B o s t o n , M a s s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6. B u f f a l o , N . Y --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7. C h i c a g o , 111---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8. C l e v e l a n d , O h i o ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 . D a l l a s , T e x ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10. D e n v e r , C o l o --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11. D e t r o i t , M i c h ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12. H a r t f o r d —N e w B r i t a i n —B r i s t o l , C o n n ---------------------------------------------------------------13. H o u s t o n , T e x ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14. L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h a n d A n a h e i m — a n t a A n a S G a r d e n G r o v e , C a l i f -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15 . M i l w a u k e e , W i s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16 . M i n n e a p o l i s — St. P a u l , M i n n -------------------------------------------------------------------------------17. N e w a r k a n d J e r s e y C i t y , N . J ----------------------------------------------------------------------------1 8 . N e w Y o r k , N. Y --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 9 . P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 0 . P i t t s b u r g h , P a ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21. P o r t l a n d , O r e g . —W a s h -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 2 . St. L o u i s , M o . —I l l --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 3 . S a n F r a n c i s c o — a k l a n d , C a l i f -----------------------------------------------------------------------------O 24. W o r c e s t e r , M a s s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ v 9 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Contents— Continued Page T ab le s— C o n t in u e d E s t a b li s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s : 2 5 . M e t h o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t in 21 a r e a s : P l a n t w o r k e r s _________________________ 26. S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s in 21 a r e a s : P l a n t w o r k e r s __________________________ 27. S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s in 21 a r e a s : O f f i c e w o r k e r s __________________________ 28. S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l p r o v i s i o n s in 21 a r e a s : P l a n t w o r k e r s ______________________ 2 9 . S h i f t d i f f e r e n t i a l p r a c t i c e s in 21 a r e a s : P l a n t w o r k e r s ______________________ 30. P a i d h o l i d a y s in 21 a r e a s : P l a n t w o r k e r s -----------------------------------------------------------31. P a i d h o l i d a y s i n 21 a r e a s : O f f i c e w o r k e r s ______________________________________ 32. P a i d v a c a t i o n s in 21 a r e a s : P l a n t w o r k e r s ______________________________________ 33. P a i d v a c a t i o n s i n 21 a r e a s : O f f i c e w o r k e r s ________________________________ 3 4 . H e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e t i r e m e n t p l a n s in 21 a r e a s : P l a n t w o r k e r s ____ 35. H e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e t i r e m e n t p l a n s in 21 a r e a s : O f f i c e w o r k e r s ___ 37 38 38 39 40 41 41 42 44 46 47 A p p en d ix es: A. B. S c o p e a n d m e t h o d o f s u r v e y _______________________________________________________________ O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- VI 49 53 Industry Wage Survey Machinery M anufacturing, Septem ber—N ovem ber, 1968 Sum m ary A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f p r o d u c t i o n a n d r e l a t e d w o r k e r s in th e n o n e l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s in c r e a s e d 1 3 .5 p e r c e n t b e tw e e n m i d 196 6 a n d S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1 968 in 21 m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s s u r v e y e d b y th e B u r e a u N o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s . 1 T h e a n n u a l r a t e o f i n c r e a s e f o r th e 21 a r e a s c o m b i n e d w a s 5. 7 p e r c e n t ; it r a n g e d f r o m 3 . 3 p e r c e n t in P i t t s b u r g h to 7. 5 p e r c e n t i n St. L o u i s . P a y l e v e l s w e r e g e n e r a l l y h i g h e s t in S a n F r a n c i s c o — a k l a n d a n d l o w e s t in D a l l a s O a m o n g the a r e a s s u r v e y e d . T o o l a n d d i e m a k e r s u s u a l l y h a d th e h i g h e s t l e v e l o f e a r n i n g s in th e o c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r s e p a r a t e s t u d y . M e n p r o d u c i n g o r m a i n t a i n i n g t o o l s a n d d i e s f o r i n - p l a n t u s e , r a t h e r th a n f o r s a l e , h a d a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s r a n g i n g f r o m $ 5 . 12 a n h o u r in S a n F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d to $ 3 . 5 3 in W o r c e s t e r . J a n i t o r s w e r e l o w e s t p a i d a m o n g th e j o b s s t u d i e d in m o s t a r e a s . T h e y a v e r a g e d f r o m $ 3 . 0 7 in D e t r o i t to $ 2 in D a l l a s . V i r t u a l l y a l l w o r k e r s w e r e in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g p a i d h o l i d a y s a n d v a c a t i o n s . P r o v is io n s fo r life , s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t , h o sp ita liz a tio n , su rg ica l, and m e d ic a l in s u r a n c e , as w e ll as r e t ir e m e n t p en sion b e n e fit s , w e r e a ls o w id e s p r e a d . Industry C h a ra cteristics P roducts. E s t a b l i s h m e n t s w i t h i n s c o p e o f th e 2 1 - a r e a s u r v e y 2 m a n u f a c t u r e a w i d e v a r i e t y o f n o n e l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y , d i f f e r i n g in c o m p l e x i t y , s i z e , a n d c h a r a c t e r o f d e m a n d . T he p r o d u c ts in clu d e d iv e r s e g o o d s su ch as s p e c ia l d ie s and to o ls (u su a lly m a n u f a c t u r e d on a jo b o r d e r b a s i s ) , e n g in e s and t u r b in e s ; t y p e w r i t e r s ; f a r m t r a c t o r s and hay r a c k s ; b u l l d o z e r s and p o w e r s a w s ; e s c a l a t o r s and d u m b w a i t e r s ; c o m p l e x m a c h in e t o o l s and m e t a l w o r k in g d r i l l b it s ; b a ll b e a r i n g s ; and l a r g e s p e c i a l in d u s t r y m a ch in e ry . T h e e s t a b l is h m e n t s s tu d ie s w e r e c l a s s i f i e d a c c o r d in g to th e ir p r i m a r y p r o d u c t a n d w e r e g r o u p e d in a n u m b e r o f i n d u s t r y r e l a t e d c a t e g o r i e s . A s in d ica te d b e l o w , the p e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s a m o n g t h e s e m a j o r p r o d u c t g r o u p s in th e 21 a r e a s c o m b i n e d w a s g e n e r a l l y s i m i l a r t o the n a t i o n w i d e d i s t r i b u t i o n ; 3 Product group 21 areas combined Nationwide Engines and turbines-------------------------------------Farm m ach in ery-------------------------------------------Construction and related machinery------------Metalworking m achinery------------------------------Special industry m achinery--------------------------General industrial machinery ----------------------Office and computing m achines------------------Service industry m achinery--------------------------Miscellaneous machinery, except electrical 6 3 15 24 9 17 9 7 11 6 7 14 19 10 13 10 7 13 Total ---------------------------------------------------- 100 100 NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. * See appendix A for scope and method of survey. Wage data presented in this bulletin exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. ^ The survey included establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonelectrical machinery. Omitted from the survey were (1) establishments with fewer than 8 workers primarily manufacturing special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures, or machine-tool accessories, and (2) other nonelectrical machinery establishments with fewer than 20 workers. 3 Nationwide employment as reported in the Bureau's employment and earnings series. (See Employment and Earnings, vol. 16, No. 5, November 1969. ) 1 The types of m a c h in e r y m a n u fa ctu red d iffe re d , h o w e v e r, am ong a re a s. For e x a m p l e , t h r e e - f o u r t h s o f th e w o r k e r s in H o u s t o n w e r e in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r i m a r i l y m a n u fa c tu r in g c o n s t r u c t i o n and r e la t e d m a c h i n e r y ( a l m o s t a lw a y s o i l - f i e l d m a c h i n e r y ) , w h e r e a s s l i g h t l y o v e r o n e - h a l f o f th e w o r k e r s in D e t r o i t w e r e in p l a n t s m a n u f a c t u r i n g m eta lw ork in g m a ch in e ry . In n e a r l y a l l o t h e r a r e a s , n o o n e p r o d u c t c a t e g o r y c o n s t i t u t e d a s m u c h a s h a l f o f th e w o r k f o r c e . E m p l o y m e n t . T h e 2 1 - a r e a s u r v e y c o n s t i t u t e d n e a r l y t w o - f i f t h s o f th e 1 , 3 2 6 , 3 0 0 p r o d u c t i o n a n d r e l a t e d w o r k e r s e s t i m a t e d to b e in the i n d u s t r y ( n a t i o n w i d e ) a t th e t i m e o f th e s u r v e y . E m p l o y m e n t r a n g e d f r o m f e w e r th a n 1 0 , 0 0 0 in B a l t i m o r e , B u f f a l o , D a l l a s , D e n v e r , P o r t l a n d , S a n F r a n c i s c o — a k l a n d , and W o r c e s t e r to 8 5 , 0 0 0 i n C h i c a g o . O O th er m a jo r a r e a s of in d u stry e m p lo y m e n t in clu d e d D e tr o it (6 2 ,0 0 0 ), L o s A n g e l e s L o n g B e a c h and A n a h e im — anta A n a — a r d e n G r o v e ( 4 6 , 0 0 0 ) , M ilw a u k e e ( 4 2 , 0 0 0 ) , and S G C le v e la n d and P h ila d e lp h ia ( 3 4 ,0 0 0 ). A b o u t t w o - f i f t h s o f th e p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in th e 21 a r e a s c o m b i n e d w e r e in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w i t h f e w e r th a n 2 50 w o r k e r s . A s i m i l a r p r o p o r t i o n w e r e in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w i t h 250 t o 2 , 4 9 9 w o r k e r s , a n d th e r e m a i n d e r w e r e in p l a n t s w i t h 2 , 5 0 0 em p loyees or m o r e . E s t a b l i s h m e n t s w i t h f e w e r th a n 2 5 0 w o r k e r s c o n s t i t u t e d a m a j o r i t y o f th e p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in D a l l a s , D e t r o i t , L o s A n g e l e s , N e w Y o r k , P o r t l a n d , a n d S an F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d . C o r r e s p o n d i n g p r o p o r t i o n s in o t h e r a r e a s r a n g e d f r o m o n e - s i x t h in M i l w a u k e e to n e a r l y o n e - h a l f in B o s t o n . E s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith 2 ,5 0 0 w o r k e r s o r m o r e w e r e f o u n d in 16 o f th e 21 a r e a s . T h e y co n s titu te d o n e - t h ir d to o n e - h a l f o f th e p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in B a l t i m o r e , D e n v e r , H a r t f o r d , H ou ston , M i l w a u k e e , and M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l , a n d l e s s th a n o n e - f o u r t h o f t h o s e in o t h e r a r e a s . P rocesse s . M a s s p r o d u c t io n is u s e d to m a n u fa c t u r e n o n e l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y h a v i n g a r e l a t i v e l y l a r g e d e m a n d ( e . g . , t y p e w r i t e r s , t r a c t o r s ) , b u t n o t to m a n u f a c t u r e it e m s r e q u i r e d to m e e t s p e c i f i c c u s t o m e r n e e d s ( e . g . , s p e c i a l d i e s , t o o l s , j i g s , and fix tu res). N ev erth eless, p r o c e s s e s a r e s i m i l a r and in c lu d e v a r i o u s ty p e s o f m e t a l fa b r i c a t io n (m a c h in in g ), a s s e m b l i n g , and in s p e c t io n . S o m e p lan ts a l s o o p e r a t e th e ir ow n f o u n d r i e s , f o r g e s h o p s , and sta m p in g d e p a r t m e n t s . A m o n g the o t h e r t y p e s o f o p e r a t i o n s f o u n d in m a c h i n e r y m a n u f a c t u r i n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a r e h e a t t r e a t i n g , p o l i s h i n g , p la t in g , and p a in tin g . A s s e m b lin g op era tion s w e re r e p o rte d by esta b lish m en ts em p loyin g fo u r-fifth s of th e p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in th e 21 a r e a s c o m b i n e d . T h r e e p r i n c i p a l t y p e s o f a s s e m b l y w ere used: (1) F l o o r a s s e m b l i n g w a s th e p r e d o m i n a n t m e t h o d r e p o r t e d b y e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g n e a r l y t w o - f i f t h s o f th e w o r k e r s ; (2) b e n c h a s s e m b l i n g , u s u a l l y e m p l o y e d w h e n th e p r o d u c t i s r e l a t i v e l y s m a l l , w a s th e p r e d o m i n a n t m e t h o d in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g o n e - t h i r d o f t h e w o r k e r s ; a n d (3) c o n v e y o r l i n e a s s e m b l i n g w a s r e p o r t e d b y e s t a b l i s h m e n t s c o n s t i t u t i n g o n e - t e n t h o f th e w o r k e r s . The types of a s s e m b lin g v a r ie d su b sta n tia lly b y a r e a . P la n ts u sin g f l o o r a s s e m b lin g , f o r e x a m p le , e m p lo y e d o n e - h a l f o r m o r e o f th e w o r k e r s in M i l w a u k e e , M i n n e a p o l i s — St. P a u l , P h ila d e lp h ia , P i t t s b u r g h , P o r t la n d , and W o r c e s t e r w h e r e a s m o s t w o r k e r s in D e n v e r , H o u s t o n , L o s A n g e l e s , a n d S a n F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d w e r e in p l a n t s u s i n g b e n c h a s s e m b l i n g . T h e n u m e r i c a l c o n t r o l o f m a c h i n e t o o l s i s a m o n g th e r e l a t i v e l y n e w t e c h n o l o g i c a l d e v e l o p m e n t s in m a c h i n e r y m a n u f a c t u r i n g . T h i s t e c h n i q u e p e r m i t s a u t o m a t i c o p e r a t i o n o f m a c h in e t o o ls b y e l e c t r o n i c d e v i c e s ( c o n t r o l units) and c h a n g e a b le ta p e s . T he c o n t r o l u n i t i n t e r p r e t s c o d e d t a p e i n s t r u c t i o n s , p r e p a r e d in a d v a n c e b y th e p r o g r a m e r , a n d d i r e c t s the m a c h i n e t o o l t h r o u g h th e p r o g r a m e d s e q u e n c e o f m a c h i n i n g o p e r a t i o n s ( d r i l l i n g , m i l l i n g , b o r i n g , t u r n i n g , e t c . ) w h i l e c o n t r o l l i n g m a c h i n e s p e e d s and f e e d s , d i s t a n c e a n d d i r e c t i o n o f m o v e m e n t o f the t o o l o r w o r k p i e c e , f l o w o f c o o l a n t , a n d e v e n s e l e c t i o n o f th e p r o p e r p r e s e t c u t t i n g t o o l f o r e a c h o p e r a t i o n . In the 21 a r e a s c o m b i n e d , n e a r l y o n e - h a l f o f the p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s w e r e i n p l a n t s w h i c h u s e d t h e s e m a c h i n e s . A r e a s w h i c h h a d a m a j o r i t y o f th e w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d in s u c h p l a n t s w e r e B o sto n , B u ffa lo , D e n v e r, H a r tfo r d , H ou ston , M ilw a u k e e , M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l , N e w a r k and J e r s e y C ity , P h ila d e lp h ia , P it t s b u r g h , San F r a n c i s c o — a k la n d , and W o r c e s t e r . O A f e w p l a n t s in n e a r l y a l l o f the a r e a s s t u d i e d p l a n t o i n s t a l l n u m e r i c a l l y - c o n t r o l l e d m a c h i n e t o o l s w i t h i n the n e x t y e a r . 2 U n ion iza tion . E s t a b lis h m e n t s h avin g c o l l e c t i v e b a rg a in in g a g r e e m e n t s c o v e r e d a m a j o r i t y o f th e p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s a n d e m p l o y e d n e a r l y t w o - t h i r d s o f th e i n d u s t r y ' s w o r k f o r c e in the 21 a r e a s c o m b i n e d . T he extent o f c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a in in g a g r e e m e n t c o v e r a g e v a r i e d s u b s t a n t i a l l y a m o n g the a r e a s ; it w a s l o w e s t in L o s A n g e l e s a n d h i g h e s t in M i l w a u k e e , P i t t s b u r g h , St. L o u i s , a n d S a n F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d . T h e p e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w i t h c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a i n i n g c o n t r a c t s c o v e r i n g a m a j o r it y o f th e ir w o r k e r s is sh ow n b e lo w ; Coverage Pittsburgh, Milwaukee, St. Louis, and San Francisco-Oakland---------90+Portland ------------------------------------------------------Hartford, Buffalo, Newark and Jersey City, New York, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Detroit, andMinneapolis-St. Paul-------------7 0-79 Houston-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 0-69 Boston and Chicago------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5 0-59 Worcester, Baltimore, and Dallas ----------------------------------------------------------4 0-49 Denver -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------30-39 Los Angeles-Long Beach and Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove ----------20-29 T h e m a j o r u n i o n s in the i n d u s t r y a n d the S t e e l w o r k e r s ( U S A ) . w ere th e M a ch in ists (IA M ), A uto 80-89 W orkers (U A W ), T h e s u r v e y a l s o d e v e l o p e d i n f o r m a t i o n on t h e i n c i d e n c e o f s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e b e n e f i t s a n d th e e x t e n t o f c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a i n i n g a g r e e m e n t c o v e r a g e f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s in th e i n d u s t r y . 4 A p p r o x i m a t e l y 9 5 , 0 0 0 o f f i c e c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s in p la n t s w e r e c o v e r e d ; t h o s e in s e p a r a t e c e n t r a l o f f i c e s w e r e e x c l u d e d f r o m the s t u d y . The p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s in p l a n t s h a v i n g c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a i n i n g a g r e e m e n t s c o v e r i n g a m a j o r i t y o f t h e i r o f f i c e w o r k e r s w e r e n e a r l y t w o - f i f t h s in B u f f a l o , o n e - t h i r d in P i t t s b u r g h , n e a r l y t h r e e - t e n t h s in B a l t i m o r e , a p p r o x i m a t e l y o n e - f o u r t h in N e w Y o r k a n d N e w a r k a n d J e r s e y C i t y , a n d l e s s than o n e - f i f t h in th e r e m a i n i n g a r e a s . M eth od o f W age P a y m e n t. A l a r g e m a j o r i t y o f th e p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in e a c h o f th e s e l e c t e d a r e a s w e r e p a i d t i m e r a t e s , u s u a l l y u n d e r f o r m a l w a g e s y s t e m s p r o v i d i n g e i t h e r a s i n g l e r a t e o r r a n g e s o f r a t e s f o r s p e c i f i e d o c c u p a t i o n s ( t a b l e 25). I n f o r m a l s y s t e m s , u n d e r w h i c h r a t e s w e r e d e t e r m i n e d b y q u a l i f i c a t i o n s o f th e i n d i v i d u a l w o r k e r s , a p p l i e d t o n e a r l y o n e - h a l f o f th e w o r k e r s i n N e w Y o r k , a b o u t o n e t h i r d in L o s A n g e l e s , n e a r l y t h r e e - t e n t h s in N e w a r k a n d J e r s e y C i t y , a n d o n e - f o u r t h o r l e s s o f th e w o r k e r s in th e r e m a i n i n g a r e a s . I n c e n t i v e w a g e s y s t e m s , r e p o r t e d b y s o m e p l a n t s in a l l a r e a s e x c e p t P o r t l a n d , a p p l i e d t o o n e - t h i r d o f the w o r k e r s in M i l w a u k e e , o n e - f o u r t h in H a r t f o r d , a n d a b o u t o n e - f i f t h i n B u f f a l o , C l e v e l a n d , P i t t s b u r g h , St. L o u i s , a n d W o r c e s t e r . In m o s t o t h e r areas, o n e - t e n t h o r l e s s o f th e w o r k e r s w e r e p a i d u n d e r i n c e n t i v e w a g e s y s t e m s . Sex. M e n c o n s t i t u t e d n i n e - t e n t h s o f the p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in th e 21 a r e a s com b in ed . W o m e n m a d e u p b e t w e e n o n e - a n d t w o - t e n t h s o f th e w o r k e r s in B a l t i m o r e , C h i c a g o , H a r t f o r d , L o s A n g e l e s , M i l w a u k e e , M i n n e a p o l i s , St. L o u i s , a n d S a n F r a n c i s c o - O a k l a n d , a n d l e s s th a n o n e - t e n t h in th e o t h e r a r e a s . A m o n g the o c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r s e p a r a t e s t u d y , w o m e n w e r e m o s t f r e q u e n t l y e m p l o y e d in j o b s s u c h a s r o u t i n e a s s e m b l e r s a n d i n s p e c t o r s a n d , in s o m e a r e a s , a s m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s . T rends in E a r n i n g s A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in th e 21 a r e a s c o m b i n e d r o s e 1 3 . 5 p e r c e n t b e t w e e n m i d - 196 6 5 a n d S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1 9 6 8 . N C om puted on a n a n n u a l b a s i s , th e i n c r e a s e w a s 5 . 7 p e r c e n t . T h i s e x c e e d e d th e a n n u a l r a t e s o f i n c r e a s e f o r e a c h o f th e y e a r s d u r i n g th e 1 9 6 0 ' s w h i c h r a n g e d f r o m 2. 3 p e r c e n t in 4 Wage information was not developed for office clerical employees. ^ See Industry Wage Survey: Machinery Manufacturing, M id -1966, BLS Bulletin 1563 (1967). nationwide in scope, but provided separate data for the 21 selected areas surveyed in 1968. The m id -1966 was 3 1 9 6 4 —65 to 3. 6 p e r c e n t c o v e r e d b y th e s u r v e y c o r r e s p o n d in g in d exes and d ie m a k e r s (o th e r in 196 5 —66 . T h e i n d e x o f w a g e r a t e s f o r a l l p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s w a s 1 4 2 . 9 ( 1 9 5 8 —59 = 100) in S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1 9 6 8 . N The w e r e 142. 6 f o r m a t e r i a l h a n d l i n g l a b o r e r s a n d 149- 5 f o r t o o l th a n j o b b i n g ) . T h e a n n u a l r a t e o f i n c r e a s e in a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s b e t w e e n th e 1 966 a n d 196 8 s u r v e y s v a r i e d s u b s t a n t i a l l y b y a r e a . It r a n g e d f r o m 3. 3 p e r c e n t in P i t t s b u r g h to 7. 5 p e r c e n t in St. L o u i s . In m o s t o t h e r a r e a s , i n c r e a s e s w e r e b e t w e e n 5 a n d 6 p e r c e n t . T h e y e x c e e d e d 6 p e r c e n t in C h i c a g o , D a l l a s , D e n v e r , D e t r o i t , P o r t l a n d , and San F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d a n d w e r e l e s s th a n 5 p e r c e n t in N e w Y o r k , C l e v e l a n d , a n d W o r c e s t e r . Percent increases in average hourly earnings * of production workers in nonelectrical machinery manufacturing in selected areas and occupations and indexes of average hourly earnings Area and occupation A ll areas combined------------ 1960 to 1961 Percent increases in average earnings prorated | Indexes ______________ on an annual basis 2__________ __________________ (1958- 59 = 100) ^ 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 September1966 to 1967 Juneto to to to to and November July 1962 1964 1963 1965 1966 1966 1968 1967 to 1968 4 2 .6 2. 6 2. 7 2. 7 2. 3 3 .6 s . 125. 8 142. 9 3. 7 3. 7 3. 2 1. 3 1. 9 2. 9 2. 4 2 .6 3. 7 2 1. 9 3. 0 1 .9 2. 8 3. 8 2. 6 1. C 1. 8 2. 4 2. 1 4. 9 2. 8 3. 5 3. 4 2. 7 2 .6 2. 7 2. 6 3. 2 1. 9 3. 0 1. 4 3. 2 3. 7 2. 7 4. 0 2. 6 2. 1 3. 9 1 .4 2. 4 1. 8 2. 9 2 .0 2 .4 2. 8 2. 7 2 .4 2. 1 2 .0 3. 5 4 .1 2. 2 2. 5 3 .3 3. 5 2 .8 3. 1 3. 5 4. 7 5. 0 5. 9 5. 9 6. 5 4. 9 6 .6 7 .0 7. 0 5. 9 5. 3 129. 1 128. 7 125. 2 124. 7 128. 2 127.3 122. 3 122. 4 129. 5 122. 9 144. 7 147. 1 143. C 143. 5 142. 7 146. 1 142. 4 142. 5 148. 7 138 .0 3. 3 3. 2 4. 7 3 .6 3. 8 2. 8 2. 3 1. 8 3. 8 2. 6 4. 2 3. 0 2 .6 2. 0 3 .0 3. 7 2. 4 1 .6 3. 5 5. 1 2. 5 2. 7 3. 4 2. 7 2. 5 2. 7 3 .0 1. 2 .6 2. 9 3. 1 3. 0 3. 7 1 .0 2 .6 4. 1 4. 7 3. 1 2 .3 1. 2 3. 1 2. 3 2. 7 2.1 3 .8 1. 3 2 .4 1 .6 1 .4 2. 4 1. 6 3. 7 2. 9 5. 3 3 .0 4 .3 4. 6 4. 5 3. 1 4. 1 2. 4 4. 4 2. 4 3. 2 3. 9 4 .6 5. 5. 5. 5. 3. 5. 3. 6. 7. 6. 4. 1 2 6 9 9 2 3 8 5 5 9 1 27 .0 125. 7 130.6 125. 5 126. 2 122. 7 119. 7 132. 4 130. 6 131.6 128. 2 142. 0 141. 3 148. 2 144. 2 137. 1 1 38 .0 129. 3 154. 4 154. 5 150. 7 143. 2 3. 5 2. 1 2. 9 3. 3 1. 8 3. 0 5 .6 125. 9 142. 6 3. 1 2. 5 2. 4 3. 3 2. 5 4. 1 7. 2 127. 8 149. 5 Areas B altim ore------------------------------------Boston------------------------------------------Buffalo------------------------------------------Chicago----------------------------------------Cleveland ------------------------------------D a lla s ------------------------------------------De nver------------------------------------------De troit------------------------------------------Hartford----------------------------------------Houston----------------------------------------Los Angeles-Long Beach and Anaheim-Santa AnaGarden Grove-----------------------------M ilw au k ee--------------------------------Minneapolis-St. P a u l-----------------Newark and Jersey C ity---------------New F o r k ----------------------------------Philadelphia ------------------------------Pittsburgh ----------------------------------Portland (Oreg. -Wash. ) ------------St. Louis ------------------------------------San Francisco-Oakland---------------W orcester------------------------------------Occupations Laborers, material handling-------Tool and die (other than jobbing) ------------------------------------- * Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 2 Changes which vary from area to area are for payroll periods approximately a year apart.Because the intervals between the 1965 and 1966, and the 1966 and 1968 surveys were over 1 year, the percents of change since 1961 have been adjusted to reflect annual changes. The compound effect of wage changes was considered in computing the annual percent of change between the 1966 and 1968 surveys. 3 For methods used to construct indexes see appendix A. 4 Since a survey was not made in 1967, data for the 2 periods are the same. In th e 21 a r e a s c o m b i n e d , the a n n u a l r a t e o f i n c r e a s e in a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s b e t w e e n th e 196 6 a n d 1968 s u r v e y s w a s 7. 2 p e r c e n t f o r t o o l a n d d i e m a k e r s , c o m p a r e d w i t h 5 . 6 p e r c e n t f o r m a t e r i a l h a n d l i n g l a b o r e r s . S i n c e I 9 6 0 , th e a n n u a l r a t e o f i n c r e a s e in a v e r a g e e a r n in g s f o r to o l and die m a k e r s has e x ce e d e d th a t f o r l a b o r e r s in a l l y e a r s e x c e p t 1 9 6 0 —6 1 , 1 9 6 2 —63, a n d 196 3 —64. 4 IN C R E A S E IN A V E R A G E S T R A IG H T T IM E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S , N O N E L E C T R IC A L M A C H IN E R Y M A N U F A C T U R IN G IN 21 A R E A S , J A N U A R Y 1 9 5 8 TO S P E C IF IE D D A T E S P ercen t . 1958 Jan. Jan Oct. 59 60 68 5 O ccu p a tion a l E arn in gs T h e o c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r s e p a r a t e s t u d y c o n s t i t u t e d o n e - h a l f o f th e 5 0 6 , 0 0 0 p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s w i t h i n s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y . T h e s e j o b s w e r e s e l e c t e d to r e p r e s e n t w a g e l e v e l s f o r th e v a r i o u s a c t i v i t i e s p e r f o r m e d b y p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in the i n d u s t r y . T o o l a n d d i e m a k e r s h a d th e h i g h e s t a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s i n n e a r l y a l l a r e a s . M e n p r o d u c i n g o r m a i n t a i n i n g t o o l s a n d d i e s f o r u s e w i t h i n the e s t a b l i s h m e n t ( o t h e r th a n j o b b i n g ) a v e r a g e d f r o m $ 5 . 12 a n h o u r i n S an F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d to $ 3 . 5 3 i n W o r c e s t e r ( t a b l e 1); i n 13 o t h e r a r e a s t h e y a v e r a g e d $ 4 o r m o r e a n h o u r . In m o s t areas, a v e r a g e s fo r m e n p r o d u c in g t o o ls and d ie s fo r sa le (jo b b in g ) w e r e w ith in 5 p e r c e n t o f th e e a r n i n g s l e v e l s f o r t o o l a n d d i e m a k e r s ( o t h e r th an j o b b i n g ) . P r o d u c t i o n m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s w e r e the m o s t n u m e r o u s o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s t u d i e d a n d , f o r s u r v e y p u r p o s e s , w e r e d i v i d e d in t o t h r e e g r o u p s . M en op era tors, w h o se t up th e ir ow n m a c h i n e s and p e r f o r m a v a r i e t y of m a c h in in g o p e r a t i o n s to c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ( c l a s s A ) , a v e r a g e d f r o m $ 4 . 4 0 a n h o u r in S a n F r a n c i s c o — a k l a n d to $ 3 . 14 O in D a l l a s . T h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g r a n g e f o r th e i n t e r m e d i a t e g r o u p o f o p e r a t o r s ( c l a s s B ) w a s f r o m $ 3 . 6 8 in St. L o u i s t o $ 2 . 6 5 in D a l l a s . A v era g es for op erators who p e r f o r m ro u tin e r e p e t it iv e o p e r a t io n s and do n ot s e t up m a c h in e s ( c l a s s C) w e r e h ig h e s t in H a r t f o r d ( $ 3 . 3 0 ) a n d l o w e s t in D a l l a s ( $ 2 . 19). S p e c ia l in q u iry w as m a d e c o n c e r n in g f o r m a l w a g e - s e t t in g p r a c t i c e s f o r w o r k e r s o p era tin g n u m e r ic a lly c o n tr o lle d (N /C ) m a ch in e to o ls . N e a r l y o n e - h a l f o f th e p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in the 21 a r e a s c o m b i n e d w e r e i n e s t a b l i s h m e n t s th a t h a d N / C m a c h i n e tools. In t h e s e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , o n e - h a l f o f the w o r k e r s w e r e in p l a n t s th a t s e t w a g e r a t e s f o r N / C m a c h i n e t o o l s th e s a m e a s t h e r a t e f o r o p e r a t o r s o f s t a n d a r d m a c h i n e t o o l s , a n d n e a r l y o n e - f o u r t h w e r e in p l a n t s w h i c h s e t h i g h e r r a t e s f o r N / C m a c h i n e tool op e ra to rs. N e a r l y a l l o f th e r e m a i n i n g w o r k e r s w e r e in p l a n t s w h i c h h a d n o f o r m a l p o l i c y r e l a t i n g to r a t e - s e t t i n g f o r o p e r a t o r s o f N / C m a c h i n e t o o l s . J a n i t o r s w e r e l o w e s t p a i d a m o n g the j o b s s t u d i e d i n m o s t a r e a s . T h e y a v e r a g e d f r o m $ 3 . 0 7 a n h o u r in D e t r o i t to $ 2 in D a l l a s . H o u r l y a v e r a g e s f o r m a t e r i a l - h a n d l i n g l a b o r e r s , a n o t h e r r e l a t i v e l y l o w - p a y j o b , r a n g e d f r o m $ 3 . 3 0 in P o r t l a n d to $ 2 . 16 i n D a lla s. O c c u p a t i o n a l p a y l e v e l s w e r e g e n e r a l l y h i g h e s t in S a n F r a n c i s c o — a k l a n d a n d O l o w e s t in D a l l a s . T h e r e l a t i v e p a y l e v e l s 6 o f th e 21 a r e a s s u r v e y e d , u s i n g C h i c a g o a s b a s e = 1 00, a r e s h o w n b e l o w : San Francisco-Oakland----------------------------------------------------Portland ---------------------------------------------------------------------------Detroit -----------------------------------------------------------------------------St. Louis -------------------------------------------------------------------------M ilw aukee-----------------------------------------------------------------------Denver and Cleveland ----------------------------------------------------Chicago and Los A n g e le s------------------------------------------------Pittsburgh-------------------------------------------------------------------------Buffalo and Newark and Jersey C i t y -------------------------------Hartford and Houston ------------------------------------------------------Baltimore and Minneapolis-St. P a u l-----------------------------Boston and Philadelphia--------------------------------------------------W orcester-------------------------------------------------------------------------New Y ork -------------------------------------------------------------------------D a lla s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 116 112 109 107 103 101 100 99 97 95 94 92 91 87 79 Average hourly earnings for men in 15 occupational classifications common to all areas were used in computing the relative pay levels. To minimize interarea differences in occupational composition, weights expressing constant employment relationships based on total employment in the respective jobs in the 21 areas were used. Aggregates were computed for each area by multiplying the average straight-time earnings for the jobs by these weights and totaling. The ratio of these aggregates formed the basis for the relatives. 6 R ela tiv e d iffe r e n c e s in w a g e l e v e l s a m o n g th e a r e a s v a r i e d b y o c c u p a t i o n s . J a n i t o r s in S a n F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d , f o r e x a m p l e , a v e r a g e d 53 p e r c e n t m o r e th a n t h o s e in D a l l a s ; th e c o r r e s p o n d i n g s p r e a d w a s 4 0 p e r c e n t f o r c l a s s A p r o d u c t i o n m a c h i n e t o o l o p e r a t o r s , a n d 33 p e r c e n t f o r t o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s ( j o b b i n g ) . W h e r e c o m p a r i s o n s w e r e p o s s i b l e , w o r k e r s p a id u n d e r in c e n t iv e w a g e s y s t e m s g e n e r a l l y h a d h i g h e r a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s th a n t i m e - r a t e d w o r k e r s in th e s a m e o c c u p a t i o n a n d a r e a ( t a b l e 2). D i f f e r e n c e s in a v e r a g e s f o r t i m e a n d i n c e n t i v e w o r k e r s d i f f e r e d b y o c c u p a t io n and a r e a . F o r e x a m p le , c l a s s A and c l a s s B a s s e m b l e r s p a id u n d e r i n c e n t i v e w a g e s y s t e m s in C h i c a g o a v e r a g e d 8 a n d 17 p e r c e n t , r e s p e c t i v e l y , m o r e th a n th eir t im e -r a t e d c o u n t e r p a r ts . T h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g d i f f e r e n c e s in M i l w a u k e e w e r e 24 a n d 19 p e r c e n t . T he p r e c e d in g d i s c u s s i o n o f o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s r e la t e d to m e n s e l e c t e d f o r s e p a r a t e study. T a b l e s 4 t h r o u g h 24 p r o v i d e e a r n i n g s f o r f e w o f the o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d i e d . in th e j o b s w o m e n in a E a r n i n g s o f i n d i v i d u a l s p e r f o r m i n g s i m i l a r t a s k s v a r i e d c o n s i d e r a b l y w i t h i n the s a m e j o b a n d a r e a ( t a b l e s 4 t h r o u g h 2 4 ). E a r n i n g s o f th e h i g h e s t p a i d w o r k e r s f r e q u e n t l y e x c e e d e d t h o s e o f th e l o w e s t p a i d w o r k e r s in th e s a m e j o b a n d a r e a b y $ 1 a n hour or m o re . T h u s , s o m e w o r k e r s in c o m p a r a t i v e l y l o w - p a i d j o b s e a r n e d m o r e th a n s o m e w o r k e r s in j o b s f o r w h i c h s i g n i f i c a n t l y h i g h e r a v e r a g e s w e r e r e c o r d e d . F o r e x a m p l e , th e f o l l o w i n g t a b u l a t i o n i n d i c a t e s a c o n s i d e r a b l e e a r n i n g s o v e r l a p p i n g fo r m en c la s s A g rin d in g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s and p o l i s h i n g - an d b u f f i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s in C l e v e l a n d , d e s p i t e a 60 c e n t s d i f f e r e n c e in the h o u r l y a v e r a g e s o f th e tw o jo b s : Earnings Under $ 3 .0 0 $3. 20 S 3.40 $3. 60 $3. 80 $ 4 .0 0 Polishing- and buffingmachine operators Class A grindingmachine operators $ 3 .0 0 ------------------------------------------------and under S3. 20 ------------------------------and under S 3.40 ------------------------------and under S3. 60 ------------------------------and under $3. 80 ------------------------------and under $ 4 .0 0 ------------------------------and over ------------------------------------------- 78 49 33 20 14 18 18 78 101 74 143 95 255 Total workers ------------------------------------- 212 764 Average hourly earnings-------------------------------- $3. 28 $3. 88 E sta b lish m en t P ra ctice s and S u p p le m e n ta r y W age P ro v isio n s Data a l s o w e r e o b ta in e d on c e r t a i n e s t a b l is h m e n t p r a c t i c e s , in c lu d in g s h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l s f o r p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s ; a n d w o r k s c h e d u l e s and s e l e c t e d s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e b e n e f i t s , s u c h a s p a id h o l i d a y s and v a c a t i o n s , and h e a lth , i n s u r a n c e , and r e t i r e m e n t p la n s, fo r p r o d u c tio n and o ff ic e w o r k e r s . S ch edu led W eek ly H ou rs. W o r k s c h e d u l e s o f 4 0 h o u r s a w e e k w e r e in e f f e c t in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g a m a j o r i t y o f t h e p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in e a c h a r e a ( t a b l e 2 6 ). M o s t o f th e r e m a i n i n g w o r k e r s h a d w e e k l y w o r k s c h e d u l e s o f m o r e th a n 4 0 h o u r s . O f f i c e w o r k e r s a l s o t y p i c a l l y h a d 4 0 - h o u r w e e k l y w o r k s c h e d u l e s , e x c e p t in N e w Y o r k w h e r e s c h e d u l e s o f 35 o r 3 7 V 2 h o u r s a p p l i e d t o a m a j o r i t y o f th e w o r k e r s ( t a b l e 2 7 ). S h ift D i f f e r e n t i a l P r o v i s i o n s a n d P r a c t i c e s . A l a r g e m a j o r i t y o f the p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in n e a r l y a l l a r e a s w e r e in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h i c h h a d p r o v i s i o n s f o r l a t e - s h i f t o p e r a t i o n s w i t h e x t r a p a y a b o v e d a y - s h i f t r a t e s ( t a b l e 2 8 ). P r o p o r tio n s of w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d o n la t e s h i f t s at th e t i m e o f th e s u r v e y r a n g e d f r o m o n e - t h i r d in B a l t i m o r e a n d H o u s t o n to l e s s th a n o n e - t e n t h in B o s t o n a n d N e w Y o r k . F r o m 15 t o 25 p e r c e n t o f th e p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s w e r e e m p l o y e d on l a t e s h i f t s in m o s t o t h e r a r e a s ( t a b l e 2 9 ). 7 W o r k e r s o n s e c o n d s h i f t s o u t n u m b e r t h o s e o n t h i r d s h i f t s b y m o r e th a n 5 to 1 i n 14 o f th e 21 a r e a s . T h e a m o u n t o f s h i f t d i f f e r e n t i a l p a y , n e a r l y a l w a y s s p e c i f i e d in u n ifo r m ce n ts p e r h o u r o r u n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e s o f d a y -s h if t s r a t e s , v a r ie d a m o n g and w ith in a r e a s . P a i d H o l i d a y s . A l m o s t a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d p r o v i d e d p a i d h o l i d a y s to p r o d u c t i o n a n d o f f i c e w o r k e r s ( t a b l e s 30 a n d 3 1 ). T h e n u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s p r o v id e d a n n u a lly v a r i e d a m o n g and w ith in a r e a s . A m a j o r i t y o f th e p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s w e r e in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g a t l e a s t 9 h o l i d a y s in B o s t o n , B u f f a l o , D e t r o i t , H a r t f o r d , M ilw a u k e e , N e w a r k and J e r s e y C ity , N ew Y o r k , P h i l a d e l p h i a , St. L o u i s , a n d S a n F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d . In a m a j o r i t y o f th e r e m a i n i n g a r e a s , w o r k e r s w e r e m o s t c o m m o n l y p r o v i d e d 8 p a id h o li d a y s a y e a r . W ith s o m e e x c e p t i o n s , p a id h o l i d a y p r o v i s i o n s fo r o ffic e w o r k e r s w e r e g e n e r a lly s im ila r to th ose fo r p rod u ction w o r k e r s . P a id V a c a t io n s . P a id v a c a t i o n s w e r e p r o v id e d n e a r l y a l l o f th e p r o d u c t i o n a n d o f f i c e w o r k e r s ( t a b l e s 32 fo r p ro d u ctio n w o r k e r s w e r e 1 w e e k of va ca tion pay after a f t e r 3 y e a r s , a n d 3 w e e k s a f t e r 10 y e a r s , a n d a t l e a s t m o s t a r e a s , vacation p r o v is io n s fo r o ffic e w o r k e r s w e r e p rod u ction w o r k e r s , p a r tic u la r ly a fter 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e . by esta b lish m en ts em p loyin g a n d 3 3 ). T y p ica l p ro v isio n s 1 year of se rv ice , 2 weeks 4 w e e k s a f t e r 20 y e a r s . In m o r e l i b e r a l th a n t h o s e f o r H ealth, I n s u r a n c e , and R e t ir e m e n t P l a n s . L ife , h o s p ita liz a tio n , s u r g ic a l, and m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e f o r w h i c h the e m p l o y e r p a i d a t l e a s t p a r t o f th e c o s t , w e r e p r o v i d e d t o m o r e th a n n i n e - t e n t h s o f th e w o r k e r s ( t a b l e s 34 a n d 3 5 ) . A m a j o r i t y o f th e w o r k e r s in m o s t a r e a s a l s o w e r e p r o v i d e d o t h e r t y p e s o f h e a l t h b e n e f i t s , i n c l u d i n g s i c k n e s s an d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e a n d / o r s i c k l e a v e , an d a c c i d e n t a l d ea th and d i s m e m b e r m e n t and ca ta s tro p h e (m a jo r m e d ic a l) in s u r a n c e . P e n s i o n p l a n s th a t p r o v i d e f o r r e g u l a r p a y m e n t s o n r e t i r e m e n t ( i n a d d i t i o n t o s o c i a l s e c u r i t y ) w e r e r e p o r t e d b y e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g a t l e a s t t w o - t h i r d s o f th e p r o d u c t i o n a n d o f f i c e w o r k e r s in n e a r l y a l l a r e a s . In m o s t a r e a s , e m p l o y e r s u s u a l l y p a y f o r th e e n t i r e c o s t o f th e p l a n s . T h e p r o p o r t i o n s o f p r o d u c t i o n a n d o f f i c e w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y r e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n p l a n s w e r e g e n e r a l l y s i m i l a r w i t h i n th e s a m e a r e a . 8 Table 1. Occupational Averages in 21 Areas: Men o f m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1968 2) N (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s N orth east O c c u p a t io n A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A ----------------------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ----------------------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ----------------------------C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ---------------------E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e ------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A ------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B ------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C -------------------------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s -------L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d l in g --------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A 3 -------------------------------------------------A u t o m a t ic -la t h e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A -------------------------------------------D r i l l - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , r a d i a l, c l a s s A --------------------------------------------D r i ll - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s in g le - o r m u l t i p l e - s p i n d l e , c l a s s A ------------E n g in e -la t h e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A — G r i n d i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A --------------------------------------------M i ll in g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A ------ -------------------------------------S c r e w -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , a u tom a t i c , c l a s s A -------------------------------T u r r e t - l a t h e o p e r a t o r s , hand (in c lu d in g h and s c r e w m a c h in e ), c l a s s A --------------------------------------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B 3 -------------------------------------------------A u t o m a t ic -la t h e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B --------------------------------------------D r i l l - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , r a d i a l, c l a s s B --------------------------------------------D r i ll - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s in g le - o r m u l t i p l e - s p i n d l e , c l a s s B -----------E n g in e -la t h e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B— G r i n d i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B --------------------------------------------M i ll in g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B ---------------------------------------------S c r e w -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , a u tom a t i c , c l a s s B ------------------------------T u r r e t - la t h e o p e r a t o r s , hand (in c lu d in g h and s c r e w m a c h in e ), c l a s s B --------------------------------------------- 1 ,6 1 9 - rr i B u ffa lo Num- A v erber a ge h o u r ly of w ork - ea rn ers in gs 718 450 186 25 79 205 144 83 223 249 N e w a rk and 1 H a r t f o r d — ew N ' _ . . . B r it a in —B r i s t o l J e r s e y C ity Num - A v e r-! Num - A v e r- Num - A v e rber age ber ber age age h o u r ly of h o u r ly of h o u r ly of w ork - e a rn - w ork - ea rn - w ork - ea rn ers in g s ers ers in g s in g s n B o s to n $3. 3. 2. 3. 3. 3. 3. 2. 2. 2. 47 00 62 23 61 42 01 74 37 68 332 322 69 3. 44 970 - 74 114 75 57 188 79 - $ 3 . 58 3. 12 3. 03 3. 56 3. 69 3. 38 2. 68 2. 44 2. 66 258 476 250 15 93 204 206 - 210 222 3. 47 1 ,4 1 8 $3. 3. 3. 3. 4. 3. 3. 63 00 01 49 06 40 26 - 2. 63 2. 67 666 674 440 25 132 255 270 130 231 307 3. 53 1, 397 $3. 3. 2. 3. 4. 3. 3. 3. 2. 2. 55 30 77 46 16 48 37 19 50 77 South Number of w ork ers 851 758 994 48 174 178 138 291 4 74 3. 57 1 ,8 6 9 - P h ila d e lp h ia N ew Y o r k - 27 3. 62 - - 60 3. 50 82 3. 44 - 3. 30 3. 43 24 134 3. 51 3. 65 93 224 3. 13 3. 51 66 302 97 A verage h o u r ly ea rn in g s $3. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 2. 2. 2. P it t s b u r g h W orcester B a lt i m o r e D a lla s H o u s to n Num- A v erber a ge h o u r ly of w ork - ea rn ers in gs Num- j A verber a ge of h o u r ly w ork - ea rn ers in g s Num- A v erber age h o u r ly of w ork - ea rn ers in g s Num- A v erber a ge h o u r ly of w ork - ea rn ers in g s Num- A v erber a ge h o u r ly of w ork - e a rn ers in g s Num- A v erber age h o u r ly of w ork - ea rn ers lngs - 51 1, 385 868 79 32 535 28 61 102 52 427 10 380 16 55 22 366 38 367 3. 55 2 , 658 $3. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 3. 2. 2. 2. 24 76 28 67 63 42 27 88 59 53 442 189 69 32 125 191 82 43 165 163 3. 51 1 ,7 6 4 70 3. 39 - 2 74 3. 45 106 3. 23 3. 62 160 305 3. 19 3. 59 262 3. 59 $3. 3. 2. 3. 3. 3. 3. 2. 2. 2. 67 27 92 88 75 78 18 85 65 73 304 196 46 7 36 109 59 $3. 3. 2. 3. 3. 3. 3. 47 06 92 43 45 27 07 146 197 82 - 91 75 2. 46 2. 53 39 87 43 115 76 3. 61 1 ,0 0 3 - - $3. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 63 91 54 2. 10 2. 34 286 20 3 274 _ 31 98 86 68 166 116 59 60 20 - $ 2 . 92 2. 41 1 .9 3 3. 12 3. 34 2. 72 2. 00 2. 00 2. 16 482 286 103 14 159 328 151 _ $3. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 3. 39 89 73 49 85 59 34 - 291 223 2. 31 2. 46 3. 35 733 3. 54 665 3. 14 1 ,6 4 6 3. 45 10 3. 40 16 3. 73 52 3. 05 171 3. 36 3. 28 70 3. 40 - 20 2. 94 90 3. 30 3. 66 43 106 3. 19 3. 31 25 114 3. 29 3. 44 29 106 2. 83 3. 12 73 186 3. 21 3. 57 - 96 3. 52 - 81 135 3. 49 3. 49 15 174 195 3. 56 117 3. 57 562 3. 49 164 3. 55 275 3. 45 340 3. 11 317 3. 63 235 3. 27 98 3. 50 44 3. 24 112 3. 47 194 3. 49 105 3. 49 176 3. 47 254 3. 58 346 3. 57 291 3. 49 305 3. 60 148 3. 45 84 3. 70 86 3. 13 215 3. 45 80 3. 55 - 43 3 .9 9 30 3. 85 - 8 3. 67 28 3. 46 - 43 3. 41 - 217 3. 41 263 3. 42 226 3. 68 162 3. 51 393 3. 62 153 3. 45 124 3. 33 94 3. 44 214 3. 11 425 3. 44 1 ,0 5 1 2. 99 470 3. 35 1 ,5 9 1 3. 21 4 62 3. 01 387 3. 15 461 2. 65 781 3. 08 18 2 .9 6 10 3. 43 43 2. 59 - 26 2. 48 48 2. 90 44 21 2. 40 2. 53 81 101 3. 06 3. 01 - - - - - 160 - 3. 64 3. 26 1 ,9 6 4 _ 3. 55 1 ,5 1 3 - - - 2. 92 2 ,0 1 2 3. 28 585 71 2. 62 89 2. 86 - - - - - - 53 3. 15 16 3. 25 23 3. 18 97 3. 46 68 3. 33 101 2. 95 18 3. 21 32 3. 05 - 61 71 2. 92 3. 18 60 3. 15 87 35 2. 91 3. 14 111 114 2. 85 3. 31 169 82 2. 69 3. 13 75 142 2. 79 3. 12 28 40 3. 13 3. 46 47 40 3. 12 2. 94 28 43 192 2. 90 - 138 3. 40 131 2. 96 27 3. 40 28 2. 73 184 3. 17 3. 33 262 2. 99 355 3. 13 57 3. 24 50 3. 26 41 3. 24 84 2. 67 66 3. 15 40 2. 97 34 3. 55 - - - 69 3. 11 362 3. 40 - - 47 111 3. 05 82 3. 26 777 3. 16 106 2. 93 27 3. 22 105 3. 24 185 3 .0 3 - 47 3. 10 64 3. 38 " no 131 - 3. 19 - 2. 95 - 20 3. 13 2. 84 - 2. 94 - 105 - 2. 59 86 3. 14 _________ S e e fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le . (0 Table 1. Occupational Averages in 21 Areas: Men— Continued (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 o f m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1968 2 ) N N orth east B o s to n O c c u p a t io n M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C 3 ------------------------------------------------A u t o m a t ic -la t h e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C ---------------------------------------------D r i l l - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , r a d ia l, c l a s s C ---------------------------------------------D r i ll - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s in g le - o r m u l t i p l e - s p i n d l e , c l a s s C -----------E n g in e -la t h e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C— G r i n d i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C -------------------------------------------M i ll in g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C -------------------------------------------S c r e w -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , a u tom a t i c , c l a s s C -------------------------------T u r r e t - la t h e o p e r a t o r s , hand (in c lu d in g h and s c r e w m a c h in e ), c l a s s C -------------------------------------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m (o p e r a t e 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) -----------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m ( o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) -------------------------------------------- M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e ---------------------M a c h i n i s t s , p r o d u c t io n ------------------------M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e ---------------------P o l i s h e r s and b u f f e r s , m e t a l ------------P o l i s h i n g - and b u ffi n g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ---------------------------------------------P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A -----P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B -----Setup m e n , m a c h in e t o o l s -------------------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ( j o b b i n g ) ------------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than j o b b i n g ) --------------------------------------------------T o o l c l e r k s ---------------------------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A ----------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B ----------------------W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s A ---------------W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s B ---------------- S e e fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b le . Num A v e r ber a ge h o u r ly of w ork ea rn ers in gs 467 H a r t fo r d — ew N N e w a r k and 3 r ita in — r i s t o l J e r s e y C ity B Num A v e r Num A v e r Num A v e r ber age ber a ge ber age h o u r ly h o u r ly of h o u r ly of of w ork earn - w ork e a rn - w o rk e a rn ers ers ers in g s in s s in g s B u ffa lo $ 2 . 52 125 $ 2 . 81 1 , 171 $ 3 . 30 - - - - - - - - 14 2. 85 28 66 3. 25 86 37 - 461 - - South N ew Y o r k P h ila d e lp h ia P it t s b u r g h W orcester B a lt i m o r e D a lla s H o u s to n Num A v e r age ber h o u r ly of w o rk - e a r n ers in g s Num A v e r ber a ge h o u r ly of w ork ea rn ers in gs Num A v e r age ber h o u r ly of w ork ea rn in gs ers Num A v e r ber age h o u r ly of w ork ea rn in gs ers Num A v e r a ge ber h o u r ly of w ork ea rn in g s ers Num A v e r ber age h o u r ly of w o rk ea rn ers in g s Num A v e r ber a ge of h o u r ly w ork ea rn ers in g s $ 2 . 64 1 ,2 8 6 $ 2 . 28 9 02 561 $ 2 . 67 278 - - - - 18 3. 19 _ _ _ 3. 24 - - - - - - - - - - - 28 2. 88 238 68 2. 23 2. 39 - - - - 24 - 2. 46 - 43 - 2. 41 - 18 2. 72 12 2. 63 - - - 16 2. 43 - - 710 3. 40 61 2. 70 105 2. 32 - 48 2. 37 - - 100 3. 15 41 2. 85 122 2. 48 129 - - - - - 55 2. 75 47 3. 38 46 22 426 55 12 - 3. 3. 3. 3. 2. 45 87 58 63 77 - - - 2. 2. 3. 3. 93 37 19 76 134 97 217 3. 88 2. 95 3. 21 - - 197 54 209 72 26 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 52 59 69 50 33 10 4 . 22 373 4 . 12 166 115 75 3. 41 3. 57 3. 53 303 130 29 50 3. 3. 3. 3. 116 2. 96 - 29 - 3. 16 - - - - - 2. 94 3. 48 3. 71 433 70 5 4. 2. 3. 2. 316 121 336 128 90 285 4. 08 92 693 436 3. 2. 3. 3. 376 114 91 33 - - 69 38 234 73 - - - - - 66 93 64 24 - - 29 3. 14 - - 03 83 74 88 - 2. 76 - - 52 32 58 17 107 - - 3. 02 347 - 3. 13 - 48 113 58 266 - 41 - 115 - 33 - $ 2 . 71 - 2. 35 _ - 148 - - 2. 69 $ 2 . 40 - - 2. 08 - 37 136 46 196 60 3. 3. 3. 3. - - - - 22 - - - - - - - 23 3. 65 - 136 181 494 125 81 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 55 73 76 58 27 80 - 3. 63 - 11 84 30 3. 95 3. 2. 2. 3. 3. 70 80 58 29 94 4. 3. 3. 3. 251 82 223 332 4. 2. 3. 2. 03 80 69 74 333 194 544 241 4. 2. 3. 3. 00 93 55 15 2. 93 119 11 03 72 34 - 3. 72 71 116 239 141 601 - - - 2. 31 2. 24 3. 74 3. 99 - 27 57 73 61 26 - 30 2. 29 - - - - - 121 - 43 - - 69 - - - 2. 48 124 107 243 - 2. 75 2. 78 $ 2 . 59 - 2. 73 $ 2 . 19 2. 03 _ _ 284 _ _ $ 2 . 63 _ 2. 54 _ _ 31 2. 24 - 2. 79 18 3. 09 - _ 41 - 98 - 22 - 3. 60 - 2. 83 - - 3. 52 3. 35 3. 38 2. 48 50 2. 28 32 46 3. 67 23 3. 96 - - 58 24 252 3. 65 3. 53 3. 57 3. 39 3. 49 3. 12 180 131 879 205 3. 3. 3. 3. - _ - - 40 152 40 - - - - - - - - - - 72 135 - - - - 14 - - 33 111 3. 49 3. 39 - 68 39 43 3. 53 2. 62 3. 55 75 20 73 35 7 319 3. 75 48 66 346 100 46 17 3. 83 2 .9 3 3. 57 2. 97 3. 41 2. 93 - 3. 26 - - - - - - - 3. 2. 3. 3. 3. - - 2. 78 2. 12 _ 212 75 65 50 00 79 3. 97 57 67 307 140 29 31 3. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. 58 52 98 59 82 29 - 11 52 - 106 131 642 371 14 2. 57 58 83 71 78 - 2. 65 3. 60 - 3. 2. 3. 3. 3. 91 99 54 04 51 Table 1. Occupational Averages in 21 Areas: Men— Continued (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 o f m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g ' e s t a b l is h m e n t s , S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1 968 2 ) N N o r th C e n t r a l W est C h ic a g o O c c u p a t io n A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A ----------------------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ----------------------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ----------------------------C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e -------------------E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a i n t e n a n c e ------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A -------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B -------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C ------------------------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s --------L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d l in g --------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A 3 -------------------------------------------------A u t o m a t ic -la t h e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A ---------------------------------------------D r i l l - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , r a d i a l, c l a s s A ---------------------------------------------D r ill- p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s in g le - o r m u l t i p l e - s p i n d l e , c l a s s A -----------E n g in e -la t h e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A — G r i n d i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A --------------------------------------------M i ll in g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A ---------------------------------------------S c r e w - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t i c , c l a s s A -------------------------------T u r r e t - la t h e o p e r a t o r s , hand (in c lu d in g h and s c r e w m a c h in e ), c l a s s A ---------------------------------------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B 3 -------------------------------------------------A u t o m a t ic -la t h e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B ---------------------------------------------D r i l l - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , r a d i a l, c l a s s B --------------------------------------------D r ill-p r e s s o p e r a to r s , s in g le - o r m u l t i p l e - s p i n d l e , c l a s s B ------------E n g in e -la t h e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B— G r i n d i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B ---------------------------------------------M i ll in g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B ---------------------------------------------S c r e w - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t i c , c l a s s B -------------------------------T u r r e t - la t h e o p e r a t o r s , hand (in c lu d in g h and s c r e w m a c h in e ), c l a s s B ---------------------------------------------- S e e fo o t n o t e s at en d o f ta b le . C le v e la n d D e tro it M ilw a u k e e M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l Num- A v erber a ge of h o u r ly w ork - ea rn ers in g s Num - A v erber a ge h o u r ly of w ork - ea rn ers in gs Num- A v erber age of h o u r ly w ork - ea rn ers in g s Num- A v e rber a ge of h o u r ly w ork - ea rn ers in g s Num- A verber age h o u r ly of w ork - ea rn ers in g s 3 ,5 0 1 2 ,9 3 0 1 ,8 3 1 66 447 1 ,0 7 5 740 340 1 ,3 9 4 2 ,2 0 4 $3. 3. 2. 3. 4. 3. 3. 2. 2. 2. 72 1 ,2 6 6 15 788 62 256 77 38 194 32 74 411 31 375 86 77 63 399 77 461 $3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 2. 2. 75 32 07 61 87 65 56 38 75 99 1 ,2 2 4 1 ,7 3 4 1 ,2 9 8 30 241 5 14 720 228 1 ,2 5 3 894 $4. 3. 3. 4. 4. 4. 3. 3. 3. 3. 39 1 ,0 9 6 59 1 ,8 5 5 823 37 26 19 55 237 645 09 57 4 74 35 129 07 570 28 9 22 $3. 3. 3. 4. 4. 3. 3. 3. 2. 2. 88 1 ,2 2 9 57 1 .1 5 3 24 498 01 07 58 76 378 44 307 12 431 89 81 4 76 $ 3 . 31 2. 91 2. 81 - 4. 16 3. 54 3. 20 - 2. 56 2. 87 St. L o u is D enver Num- A v erber age of h o u r ly w o rk - ea rn ers in g s Num- A v e rber age h o u r ly of w ork - ea rn ers in g s 434 563 467 $ 3 . 85 3. 52 2. 82 - - 92 88 188 4. 4. 3. 2. 2. - 209 420 240 75 200 - $ 3 . 20 2. 95 1. 92 70 50 97 95 46 56 1 .1 3 6 1 ,1 8 4 600 34 83 712 273 107 644 228 - P o r t la n d Num- A v e rber age h o u r ly of w ork - e a rn ers in g s San F r a n c is c o — O a k la n d Num- A v erber age h o u r ly of w ork - ea rn ers in gs 76 61 4. 0 3 _ 2. 88 3. 30 165 309 392 8 24 138 _ 85 128 $ 4 . 21 3. 39 3. 01 4. 41 4. 62 4. 54 _ 3. 06 3. 21 $ 3 . 32 2. 76 2. 37 3. 72 3 .9 5 3. 76 3. 15 2. 65 2. 37 2. 55 360 165 _ - _ $ 3 . 97 3. 49 _ - 74 82 15 69 41 6 80 50 4. 33 352 3. 92 3 ,7 0 3 3. 82 582 4 . 02 848 4. 40 8 3. 55 61 3. 72 34 3. 94 18 4. 35 30 4. 06 148 3. 52 44 3. 85 - 13 77 3. 58 3. 59 54 620 3. 43 3. 82 - 158 4. 05 “ 610 3. 79 8 3. 95 “ 4. 02 70 4. 33 81 4. 13 29 28 46 3. 3. 2. 2. 2. 2. L L o n g A n g e le s— o n g B e a c h and A n a h e im — a n ta A n a — S G arden G rov e NumA verber a ge of h o u r ly w ork ea rn ers in g s 59 _ - 3. 84 4 ,3 8 8 3. 73 5 ,4 8 5 4. 20 2 ,9 5 1 3. 89 1 ,9 6 5 3. 54 1 ,0 5 6 585 3. 96 94 3. 66 70 3. 62 145 4. 03 132 3. 60 - 854 3. 72 289 3. 66 144 4. 36 239 3. 75 125 3. 52 41 380 1 ,2 1 2 3. 53 3. 83 192 350 3. 76 3. 66 200 406 3. 51 4. 42 48 234 4. 02 3. 80 156 154 3. 25 3. 60 - 1 ,4 2 3 3. 95 764 3. 88 2 ,4 5 0 4. 23 259 4. 02 193 3. 52 80 4. 20 919 3. 83 670 3. 82 542 4. 30 261 4. 00 140 3. 53 142 4. 43 - - 646 3. 79 53 435 4. 03 227 3. 86 206 3. 96 141 3. 91 75 3. 76 67 4. 19 - - 48 3. 78 - 1 ,0 9 6 3. 79 516 3. 68 788 4. 11 605 3. 79 284 3. 59 102 4. 08 72 4. 19 630 3. 74 88 4 . 01 102 4. 26 3. 14 734 3. 68 176 3. 18 1 ,7 2 6 3. 25 270 3. 46 473 3. 52 7 2. 89 14 3. 20 - 23 3. 11 114 3. 19 88 3. 51 70 3. 51 29 3. 00 119 117 2. 82 3. 29 34 3. 32 54 3. 37 “ 538 3. 26 107 3. 07 9 , 172 4 , 535 3. 39 2 ,0 3 0 3. 44 6, 144 4. 11 - 3. 53 2 ,5 7 8 3. 53 1 , 351 68 3. 60 87 3. 58 - - - 3. 44 548 3. 50 425 3. 50 161 3. 28 34 4. 01 242 169 3. 76 3. 51 929 246 3. 41 3. 40 173 133 3. 52 3. 57 113 78 3. 05 3. 17 - 3. 36 369 3. 41 2 , 137 3. 57 239 3. 64 50 3. 23 90 3. 49 604 3. 45 326 3. 56 837 3. 60 266 3. 46 112 3. 19 158 4 . 04 19 139 3. 51 34 3. 55 196 3. 81 138 3. 40 - 61 4. 39 - 514 3. 37 163 3. 43 575 3. 48 4 22 3. 39 108 63 3. 35 16 152 3. 67 - 321 3. 33 86 690 458 3. 25 3. 39 740 - 3. 16 - 3. 44 3. 70 172 3. 04 - - - - - 113 - 25 - 6 - 84 3. 41 3. 50 4. 37 - 3. 85 - - - - 14 3. 48 Table 1. Occupational Averages in 21 Areas: Men— Continued (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 o f m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1968 2 ) N N o r th C e n t r a l W est C h ic a g o O c c u p a t io n M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C 3 -------------------------------------------------A u t o m a t ic -la t h e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C ---------------------------------------------D r i l l - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , r a d i a l, c l a s s C ---------------------------------------------D r ill- p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s in g le - o r m u lt i p l e - s p in d le , c l a s s C -----------E n g in e -la t h e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s G— G r i n d i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C --------------------------------------------M i ll in g -m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C ---------------------------------------------S c r e w - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t i c , c l a s s C -------------------------------T u r r e t - la t h e o p e r a t o r s , hand (in c lu d in g hand s c r e w m a c h in e ), c l a s s C --------------------------------------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m (o p e r a t e 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) ------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m (o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) -----------------------------------------------M a c h i n i s t s , m a i n t e n a n c e ---------------------M a c h in is t s , p r o d u c t io n ------------------------M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e ---------------------P o l i s h e r s and b u f f e r s , m e t a l ------------P o l i s h i n g - and b u ffi n g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ----------------------------------------------P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A -------P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B -------Setu p m e n , m a c h in e t o o l s -------------------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ( j o b b i n g ) ------------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than j o b b i n g ) --------------------------------------------------T o o l c l e r k s ----------------------------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A ----------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B ----------------------W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s A ---------------W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s B ---------------- 1 2 3 C le v e la n d D e t r o it M ilw a u k e e M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l Num A v er ber a ge h o u r ly of w o rk ea rn ers in gs Num A v e r ber a ge h o u r ly of w ork ea rn ers in gs Num A v e r ber age of h o u r ly w ork ea rn ers in g s Num A v e r ber a ge h o u r ly of w ork ea rn ers in g s Num A v e r ber age of h o u r ly w ork ea rn ers in g s 2 ,2 5 2 1 ,1 5 2 18 $2. 77 $ 2 . 69 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2. 93 - - - - - - - - - - - - 170 - 3 .0 0 - 87 - 21 - 2 .9 1 - - - 169 - 2. 37 - - - - - 2. 86 10 3. 20 - - - - - 214 2. 56 - - - - 3. 32 58 3. 33 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 87 2. 93 “ - - - 678 4. 29 - - - - - 89 2. 79 - - 132 3. 16 56 323 27 2. 69 3. 30 59 - 2. 87 - 145 - 3. 46 - 93 3 .0 6 996 2 .9 9 278 207 2. 54 56 76 2. 94 - 5 06 2. 76 44 3. 00 33 3. 05 1 ,4 2 3 4. 29 413 4. 12 4 ,8 5 9 4. 81 7 86 314 215 488 283 4. 3. 3. 3. 3. 05 90 98 84 54 186 86 83 149 64 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 64 90 78 87 40 417 102 372 147 4. 4. 4. 4. 137 481 915 371 2 ,4 2 0 3. 3. 2. 3. 4. 06 32 72 71 58 212 82 185 173 1 ,2 6 6 3. 3. 2. 3. 4. 28 13 81 58 11 37 485 864 4 ,9 3 6 3. 3. 3. 4. 55 77 97 1 ,2 1 3 405 2 ,2 2 7 652 201 232 4. 37 3. 19 3. 75 3. 81 3 .4 9 2. 85 367 178 513 331 28 4. 00 3. 30 3. 39 3. 38 3. 40 457 297 399 480 37 4. 3. 3. 3. 4. 82 58 92 43 09 $ 2 .9 3 100 - - - - 64 65 59 36 34 - $2. 88 2. 79 2. 71 - 2. 65 - 323 3. 88 107 3. 55 320 139 26 151 78 3. 3. 3. 4. 3. 98 81 80 17 61 210 42 154 55 - 3. 3. 3. 3. - 48 173 192 605 3. 20 3. 45 3. 29 4. 36 126 225 45 382 3. 2. 3. 4. 4. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 265 76 798 585 32 129 - D a s h e s in d ic a t e no d a ta r e p o r t e d o r da ta that d o not m e e t p u b lic a t io n c r i t e r i a . 572 - 327 144 820 1 ,1 8 5 119 81 - 37 19 70 51 67 13 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h ift s . P a y r o l l p e r io d s c o v e r e d in in d iv id u a l a r e a s a r e in d ic a t e d in the ta b le s 4— 24. I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r o p e r a t o r s o f o t h e r m a c h in e t o o ls in a d d itio n to th o se s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . NOTE: Num A v e r ber age of h o u r ly w ork ea rn ers in g s San F ra n cis c o O a k la n d Num A v e r ber age of h o u r ly w ork ea rn ers in g s $2. 98 3. 17 - $2. 57 Num A v e r ber age of h o u r ly w ork ea rn ers in g s P o r t la n d - 588 22 - Num A v e r ber a ge of h o u r ly w ork ea rn ers in gs L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h and A n a h e im — a n ta A n a S G arden G rove Num A ver ber a ge of h o u r ly w ork ea rn ers in g s - $3. 07 - - $ 2 . 80 D enver - 2, 353 - - St. L o u is " 57 4. 08 9 3. 92 1 ,0 3 8 - 218 57 402 67 - 4. 4. 4. 4. - 56 17 52 24 45 22 54 22 - 3. 3. 3. 3. - 56 81 25 53 483 53 1 ,1 1 7 193 38 3. 3. 4. 3. 3. 98 90 04 60 37 26 17 - $4. 10 4. 07 - 48 581 - _ $ 4 . 39 4. 36 - 24 94 51 27 226 125 91 352 3. 75 3. 19 4. 03 5. 18 70 - 2. 35 - 63 100 48 9 88 3. 2. 4. 4. 16 51 04 52 14 - 3. 78 - 113 147 3. 21 _ 5. 29 4. 08 3. 10 3. 44 3. 01 2. 96 240 45 395 61 41 4. 3. 3. 3. 2. 339 183 1, 176 217 21 4. 2. 3. 3. 3. 34 89 63 08 52 12 13 566 41 - 4. 3. 3. 3. - 200 56 332 - 5. 12 3. 55 4. 17 - 63 58 57 74 72 10 98 24 86 96 26 141 55 - 4. 2. 3. 3. - 45 97 43 11 50 50 99 50 Table 2. Occupational Averages in 12 Areas: By Method o f Wage Payment (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 o f m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s , S e p t e m b e r —N o v e m b e r 1968) N orth east H a r t f o r d —N ew B r it a in — B r is t o l B o s to n O c c u p a t io n N u m b er of w ork ers A s s e m b le r s , c la s s A: T im e w o r k e r s ----------------------------------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s _____________________________________ A s s e m b le r s , c la s s B; T i m e w o r k e r s — ----------------------------------------------------------I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s _____________________________________ A s s e m b le r s , c la s s C: T i m e w o r k e r s _____ __ __ ____ ____ _ __ ___ ___ _____ _ _ _ _ I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s _____________________________________ M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A : T i m e w o r k e r s - ____________ _________________ ______ I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s _____________________________________ M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B : T i m e w o r k e r s ___________________________________________ I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s ______________________________________ M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C : T i m e w o r k e r s __________________________________________ I n c e n tiv e w o r k e r s _____________________________________ A vera ge h o u r ly e a r n in g s N u m ber of w ork ers A vera ge h o u r ly e a r n in g s N e w a r k , and J e r s e y C ity N u m ber of w ork ers 1 E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m pa y fo r o v e rtim e W orcester P h ila d e lp h ia N u m ber of w ork ers A vera ge h o u r ly e a r n in g s N u m ber of w ork ers A v era g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 84 174 $ 3 . 59 3. 65 553 113 $ 3. 51 3. 76 779 - $ 3. 47 - 1, 301 84 $3. 18 4. 12 225 - $ 3. 33 - 398 52 2. 92 3. 60 133 - 3. 01 - 4 34 2 40 3. 21 3. 46 737 21 2. 77 3 .4 7 789 - 2. 69 - 149 - 2. 96 - 185 2. 62 - 153 - 2. 83 - 336 - 2. 62 - 744 250 2. 30 2. 37 525 - 2. 25 - 31 - 2. 83 - 1 ,2 4 6 373 3. 30 3. 92 960 458 3. 48 3. 64 1, 144 253 3. 51 3. 85 1, 738 131 3. 54 3. 71 2, 093 565 3. 38 4 . 00 827 176 3. 25 3. 84 980 71 2 .9 5 3. 49 681 910 3. 19 3. 32 1 ,8 4 4 120 3. 55 3. 60 1, 372 141 2. 86 3 .4 3 1, 516 - 3. 07 - 331 - 2. 88 - 465 2. 52 737 4 34 3. 21 3 .4 5 391 70 2. 53 3. 25 1 ,1 1 3 173 2. 25 2. 46 852 2. 35 " 98 2. 58 “ “ W est N o r th C e n t r a l C h ic a g o C le v e la n d M ilw a u k e e L o s A n g e le s —L o n g B e a c h and A n a h ein — Santa A na— G arden G ro v e St. L o u is 59 87 $ 3. 26 3. 88 3, 028 4 73 $ 3 .6 8 3. 97 886 380 $ 3 . 46 4 . 44 614 482 $ 3 . 52 4 . 35 389 - $ 3. 88 - 1, 123 - $ 3 . 32 - 168 29 2. 86 3. 24 2 , 359 571 3. 05 3. 56 590 198 3. 05 4 . 13 1 ,0 2 8 827 3. 29 3. 92 338 225 3. 18 4. 03 1, 184 - 2. 77 - 79 - 2. 50 - 1 ,7 2 8 103 2. 53 4 . 14 168 88 2. 73 3. 71 4 94 329 3. 05 3. 51 4 64 - 2. 81 - 6 00 - 2. 37 - 552 181 3. 45 3. 83 7 , 306 1 ,8 6 6 3. 77 4 . 10 3, 265 1, 123 3. 54 4. 31 1 ,4 7 3 1 ,4 7 8 3. 65 4. 12 615 - 4. 07 - 3 ,6 2 8 - 3. 81 - 250 - • 2. 92 3, 141 1, 394 3. 25 3. 72 1 ,4 9 0 540 3. 22 4. 04 1 ,4 3 2 1, 146 3. 32 3. 79 457 277 3. 60 3. 82 1 ,7 0 1 - 3. 25 - 483 " 2. 64 2 , 044 2 08 2. 73 3. 53 1, 100 52 2. 52 3. 47 363 225 2. 81 3. 13 107 22 2. 93 3. 21 1 ,0 3 8 ~ 2 .6 9 “ and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h i ft s . D a s h e s in d ic a t e n o da ta r e p o r t e d o r da ta that do n o t m e e t p u b lic a t io n c r i t e r i a . G) A vera ge h o u r ly e a r n in g s $ 3. 26 4 . 36 B a lt im o r e NOTE: N ew Y o r k N u m ber of w ork ers 579 139 South A s s e m b le r s , c la s s A: T ir n e w o rk p r « ____________ I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s -------------------------------------------------------A s s e m b le r s , c la s s B: T i m e w o r k e r s ___________________________________________ I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s _______ ____________________________ A s s e m b le r s , c la s s C : T i m e w o r k e r s - _____________________ ________ — — I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s --------------------------------------------------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A : T i m e w o r k e r s __________________________________________ I n c e n tiv e w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------------------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B : T i m e w o r k e r s _________________ ______ ______ ____ _____ _ I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s _____________________________________ M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C : T i m e w o r k e r s - __________________________________________ I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s ---------------------------------------------------- — A vera ge h o u r ly e a r n in g s Table 3. Occupational Averages in 9 Areas: By Selected Industries (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 o f m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r i m a r i l y m a n u fa c t u r in g s e l e c t e d p r o d u c t s , S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1 96 8) N C h ic a g o O c c u p a t io n A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A --------------------------------------------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B -----------------------------------------------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C — ------------- — -------------- — E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e __ - __ ____ — I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A --------------------------------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B --------------------------------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C - -------------------------------------------------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s ----------------------------------L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g - ______________________ M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A 6 -----E n g in e -la t h e o p e r a t o r s ______________________________ G r i n d i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s _______________________ M i ll in g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ______________________ S c r e w - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t ic — -----------T u r r e t - l a t h e o p e r a t o r s , h a n d (in c lu d in g hand s c r e w m a c h i n e ) ______________________________ M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B 6 ____ D r i l l - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , r a d i a l ---------------------- -----D r i l l - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s i n g l e - o r m u lt i p l e s p in d le ____ ___ ___ ___ __________________ ___ ______ E n g i n e -la t h e o p e r a t o r s -------------------------------------------G r i n d i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s _______________________ M i ll in g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ________________________ T u r r e t - l a t h e o p e r a t o r s , h and (in c lu d in g hand s c r e w m a c h i n e ) -------------------------------------------------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C 6 -----D r i l l - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , r a d i a l ---------------- -----------D r i l l - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s i n g l e - o r m u lt i p l e s p i n d l e ________________________________________________ E n g in e -la t h e o p e r a t o r s -------------------------------------------G r i n d i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s -------------------- - — M i ll in g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s --------------------------------------T u r r e t - la t h e o p e r a t o r s , h and (in c lu d in g hand S p e c ia l d ie s and t o o ls 2 N u m b er A v era g e of h o u r ly w o r k e r s e a r n in g s . C le v e la n d M a c h in e -to o l a c c e s s o r ie s 3 N u m ber A vera ge of h o u r ly w o r k e r s e a r n in g s S p e c ia l d ie s and t o o ls 2 N u m ber A vera ge of h o u r ly w ork ers e a r n in g s M a c h in e -to o l a c c e s s o r ie s 3 N u m ber A vera ge of h o u r ly e a r n in g s w ork ers . . 8 13 57 - $ 3 .6 7 3. 62 2. 36 - 33 17 41 392 - $ 4 .4 9 3. 59 4 .4 0 3. 21 - 35 8 96 55 23 124 37 1 ,9 1 7 98 1, 187 264 79 $ 4 . 52 4 . 53 4 . 01 3. 55 3. 26 2. 88 3. 35 4 . 04 3 .9 9 4 . 03 4 . 09 3. 93 115 15 35 38 370 58 43 72 - 44 4 03 - 3. 50 3. 40 - 297 19 3. 31 3. 28 283 “ 3. 99 - 132 1 ,4 7 1 - 3 .9 9 3. 53 - 71 64 - 40 35 148 92 3. 3. 3. 3. 17 49 48 33 34 43 - 3. 35 3. 36 - 106 4 . 24 75 8 64 328 3. 41 3. 50 3. 62 - - 12 10 18 36 49 257 - 3. 29 2. 82 - 43 2. 72 - 248 93 3. 60 3. 41 69 566 - 3. 28 3. 07 - - - 147 2. 54 47 4 . 02 366 141 3. 25 3. 11 - - 7 2. 86 " " ' 23 2. 92 " $ 3 .6 6 2. 58 - 69 38 16 20 38 47 21 76 49 672 86 358 70 45 268 23 3. 33 3. 06 89 - S p e c ia l d ie s and t o o ls 2 N u m ber A vera ge of h o u r ly w o r k e r s e a r n in g s L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h and A n a h e im — a n ta A n a S New Y o r k G arden G rov e O il f i e l d P a p e r and p r in tin g m a c h in e r y 4 t r a d e s m a c h in e r y * N u m ber N u m ber A vera ge A v era g e of h o u r ly of h o u r ly w ork ers e a r n in g s w o r k e r s e a r n in g s 74 23 92 87 75 32 75 51 71 92 77 05 85 86 _ 26 92 - - D e tro it 2. 55 - $3. 3. 2. 3. 3. 3. 2. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 3. 3. - S e e fo o t n o t e s at e n d o f t a b le . “ “ M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m (o p e ra te 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) — — ----M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m (o p e ra te m o re than 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) ----------------------------------------------M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e ____ - __ __ — -----------M e c h a n ic s , m a i n t e n a n c e ----------------------------------------------P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B ______________________ T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (jo b b in g ) ______________________ T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than j o b b i n g ) -----------------T o o l c l e r k s -----------------------------------------------------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A ---------------- — ____________ _ - “ 44 16 92 58 ~ 38 744 4. 41 " “ 286 4. 10 4, 481 4. 82 “ “ “ 314 4. 2. 4. 3. 32 6 29 8 7 4. 3. 4. 2. 3. 64 3. 45 304 21 134 4, 936 99 71 4. 75 4. 86 4. 75 - - 37 - - 263 2, 132 51 - “ 06 53 62 17 2. 3. 3. 2. 54 42 14 66 2. 45 01 55 33 92 91 " “ “ - 9 66 876 8 1 0 - 3. 2. 4. 2. 4. 77 36 18 85 14 “ - 4. 97 - 3. 60 4 . 35 - 48 15 8 18 - 4 . 30 - 4 . 57 3. 68 3. 90 - 17 - 121 $3. 3. 3. 2. 3. 3. 3. 3. - 53 72 61 97 68 77 55 38 3. 91 3. 25 - 317 118 54 24 59 28 54 105 457 39 123 194 - $3. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. - 59 97 93 54 58 12 45 61 60 64 64 3. 10 3. 3. 3. 2. 07 20 29 96 “ " _ 3. 84 - * 10 3 .6 4 13 2. 45 19 6 10 3. 82 3. 10 3. 57 3. 73 - - 3. 67 Table 3. Occupational Averages in 9 Areas: By Selected Industries— Continued (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 1 o f m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r i m a r i l y m a n u fa c t u r in g s e l e c t e d p r o d u c t s , B o s to n N u m b er of w ork ers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 E x clu d e s I n c lu d e s I n c lu d e s I n c lu d e s I n c lu d e s I n c lu d e s I n c lu d e s NOTE: A vera ge h o u r ly e a r n in g s N u m ber of w ork ers A vera ge h o u r ly e a r n in g s N u m ber of w ork ers N ew Y o r k N u m ber of w ork ers A vera ge h o u r ly e a r n in g s 01 97 51 36 6 15 - $ 4 . 16 2. 51 80 00 64 - - A vera ge h o u r ly e a r n in g s $4. 2. 2. 2. 3. 4. 3. - A v era g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s N u m ber of w ork ers A v era g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 21 66 109 - $ 3 . 74 24 $ 3 . 75 - - 173 3. 19 370 2 .9 5 20 22 61 - 2. 72 3. 22 3. 25 104 39 2. 92 2. 88 2 10 44 2. 38 2. 72 277 2. 36 N u m ber of w ork ers $ 3. 57 2. 92 2. 22 3. 40 3. 48 3. 28 32 43 29 46 3 36 248 72 $ 3 . 33 3. 08 2. 45 3. 56 3. 63 3. 57 3. 31 177 11 14 97 266 69 71 - 204 2. 89 51 385 3. 65 3. 09 16 220 3. 26 3. 29 83 3. 01 32 24 2. 98 2. 74 18 273 39 3. 26 3. 00 3. 34 9 96 - 2. 96 3. 04 - 44 - 3. 03 - 125 10 2. 45 2. 49 6 158 76 3. 36 2. 81 2. 58 11 88 2. 74 2. 28 - 154 3. 89 653 4 . 31 157 4 . 00 187 3. 60 “ 96 4 00 28 6 3. 35 3. 70 3. 72 2. 66 302 19 3. 99 3. 70 67 4 . 04 4 . 36 - 2 40 3 .4 9 2 .3 4 3. 95 2. 62 - - " 78 254 “ 2. 19 3. 77 - " D a s h e s in d ic a t e no da ta r e p o r t e d o r da ta that do n o t m e e t p u b lic a t io n c r i t e r i a . N e w a r k and J e r s e y C it y M ilw a u k e e 16 23 8 177 52 25 p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h i ft s . da ta f o r e s t a b lis h m e n t s c l a s s i f i e d in SIC 3544. da ta f o r e s t a b lis h m e n t s c l a s s i f i e d in SIC 3545. da ta f o r e s t a b lis h m e n t s c l a s s i f i e d in SIC 3533. da ta f o r e s t a b lis h m e n t s c l a s s i f i e d in SIC 3554 and SIC 3 55 5. da ta f o r o p e r a t o r s o f m a c h in e t o o ls in a d d itio n to th o s e sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y . da ta f o r e s t a b lis h m e n t s c l a s s i f i e d in SIC 3544 and SIC 3 54 5. 01 S e p t e m b e r —N o v e m b e r 1968) S p e c ia l d ie s and t o o ls and m a c h i n e - t o o l a c c e s s o r i e s 7 O c c u p a t io n I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A ---------------------------------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B - -------------------------------------------- .------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C ---------------------------------------------- -----------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s ------------------------- :--------L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g ----------------------------------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A 6 --------------------------------E n g in e -la t h e o p e r a t o r s ----------------------------------- -----------G r i n d i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ------------------------------------M i ll in g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ---------------------------------------T u r r e t - la t h e o p e r a t o r s , hand (in clu d in g hand s c r e w m a c h in e ) -------------------------------------------------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B 6 --------------------------------D r i l l - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s i n g l e - o r m u lt i p l e s p i n d l e --------------------------------------------------------------------------E n g in e -la t h e o p e r a t o r s ----------------------------------------------G r i n d i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ------------------------------------M i ll in g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ---------------------------------------T u r r e t - la t h e o p e r a t o r s , hand (in clu d in g hand s c r e w m a c h i n e ) ---------------------------------------------------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s C 6 -------------------------------G r i n d i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ------------------------------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m (o p e r a t e 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) ----------------------------------------------------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) -------------------------------------M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e --------------------------------------------------P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B ----------------------------------T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s ( j o b b i n g ) ---------------------------------- -— T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than j o b b i n g ) -------------------T o o l c l e r k s --------------------------------------------------------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A --------------------------------------------------- L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h and A n a h e im —S anta A n a G arden G rov e H a r t fo r d —N ew B r it a in — B r is t o l _ - 980 189 46 61 4. 4. 2. 3. 53 51 94 97 - - - “ 605 - 92 705 7 2. 22 3. 45 - 34 27 159 44 2. 1 1 2. 23 3. 57 3. 41 - - “ 207 “ 4 . 02 - ~ - _____________ ' Table 4. Occupational Earnings: Baltimore, Md.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1968) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— $1.6 0 $1.70 $1.8 0 $1.9 0 $2.00 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $4.2 0 $ 4 ,4 0 O c c u p a t io n and s e x of workers hourly eamingB 2 u n d er $1.7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $1.9 0 $2.00 $2.10 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $2.8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $4.2 0 $ 4.4 0 and over M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A _________ A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C _________ E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a i n t e n a n c e __ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A __________ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B __________ J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and 146 197 82 39 87 43 $3. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 63 91 54 59 60 20 _ - 5 - - 2 2 5 3 4 13 2 2 5 10 9 19 27 7 51 5 20 35 8 5 7 - 3 4 - 36 1 - - - - - - - - 1 2 2 - - 1 2 4 1 12 2 7 12 6 13 13 1 16 13 6 6 1 12 2 24 5 5 - 13 2 1 10 1 9 9 9 1 1 9 28 - _ 6 13 9 1 3 13 2 2 9 1 7 2 5 - 42 _ 1 - 60 6 115 2. 10 17 23 76 2. 34 8 6 733 3. 54 - - - - - - - - 3 3 13 4 3 3 23 22 65 148 136 1 18 36 13 28 26 29 387 3. 15 - 1 i 4 4 5 5 1 6 9 6 25 15 58 55 42 38 13 12 21 11 14 18 17 4 2 561 2. 67 5 4 - - 2 7 30 2 71 1 13 65 86 91 32 20 12 4 2 6 3 2 1 1 2 - - 46 3. 67 5 1 16 6 - - 10 3 5 - 58 24 252 3. 65 3. 53 3. 57 6 4 - 8 2 36 7 1 - 4 - 9 103 4 4 55 9 11 15 2 1 - 9 73 35 7 3. 50 3. 00 3. 79 9 2 21 - - 106 2. 92 2 L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A _________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B _________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C _________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , to o lr o o m (o p e ra te 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) ____________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , to o lr o o m (o p e ra te m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) __ M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e ____ M a c h i n i s t s , p r o d u c t i o n --------T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r 12 1 111 1 4 1 10 - - 11 4 1 7 4 2 - 14 1 4 5 22 T ^ l rlp rV fl W e l d e r s , h a n d, c l a s s A _____ W e l d e r s , h a n d, c l a s s B -------W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s A — «■ 4 - - - - 2 7 3 4 - - - - - - - - * * 2 8 1 " “ “ 2 2 42 21 3 7 3 4 29 _ _ _ - 1 2 2 3 1 1 - 11 _ 2 15 1 - - - - 2 1 1 _ 32 W om en M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C _________ ■ 1 T he B a lt i m o r e S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f B a lt i m o r e C ity , A n n e A r u n d e l, 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h i ft s . 3 A l l w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 4 . 4 0 to $ 4 . 60. B a lt i m o r e , C a r r o l l , H a r f o r d , and H o w a rd C o u n t ie s . 1 Table 5. Occupational Earnings: Boston, Mass.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1968) N U M B E R OF W O RK ER S R E CE IVIN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H OU R LY E A RN IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n a n d s e x Number of $2.0 0 $2. 10 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2.3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $3. 10 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $4.0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $4.40 $ 4.6 0 $ 4.8 6 Average hourly U n der and earningB2 $2.0 0 and under $2. 10 $2.20 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $2.5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $2. 70 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $3.0 0 $3. 10 $ 3 .2 0 $3.30 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $4.20 $ 4 .4 0 $4.6 0 $4.8 0 over M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A -----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B -----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C -----------C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ___ E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e — I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A --------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B --------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s --------------------------------L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g ______________________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A -----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B ________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C -----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) ----------------------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , to o lr o o m (o p e ra te m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e -----M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e ----M a c h i n i s t s , p r o d u c t i o n _____ M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e ___ P o l i s h e r s and b u f f e r s , m e t a l _________________________ P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s A ---------------------------------P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , 718 4 50 186 25 79 205 144 83 $ 3 .4 7 3. 00 2. 62 3. 23 3. 61 3. 42 3. 0 1 2. 74 _ _ 2 - i - _ 18 6 20 - - 1 _ 13 31 3 6 12 1 2 _ 28 11 2 _ 40 1 5 2 10 10 27 57 1 12 10 22 51 6 6 4 6 61 14 1 6 7 42 34 46 96 17 11 12 55 39 6 8 11 23 179 34 4 43 20 124 5 3 4 17 7 146 21 2 3 35 5 5 1 9 10 10 1 14 2 1 18 44 - 20 4 2 14 - 1 1 10 3 - 4 1 - 2 1 10 4 - 2 6 - _ 4 - 6 4 - 66 3 - 223 2. 37 1 31 23 41 34 43 16 - 4 20 10 249 2. 68 4 13 18 14 13 17 19 17 23 31 22 39 - - 19 1 ,6 1 9 3. 44 - - - - - - 10 6 44 37 54 98 136 213 296 264 100 55 66 43 27 52 23 25 36 34 1 ,0 5 1 2. 99 - - - 2 12 32 82 73 117 96 99 109 126 162 58 37 14 2 3 12 2 6 - 3 - 4 4 67 2. 52 4 14 - 36 56 142 89 43 8 29 20 5 10 11 47 3. 38 - - - - - - - - 4 1 1 5 3 1 46 22 4 26 55 3 .4 5 3. 87 3. 58 3. 63 - - - - - - - 8 - - 1 6 - - - 8 - 10 2 8 4 27 4 161 2 9 - 2 6 1 - - - - - 1 21 108 1 132 5 9 4 13 10 4 79 8 2 5 11 3 - 8 5 7 - - - 18 - 13 2. 77 - 2 3 1 - - - - 1 1 1 - - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - 1 2. 93 - - - - - - - 1 4 35 1 - - 2 2 2 - 1 - - - - - - - - 113 S etu p m e n , m a c h in e t o o l s __________________________ T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ( j o b b i n g ) --------------------------------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than jo b b in g ) ----------------------T o o l c l e r k s -----------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A ------ 12 48 2. 37 26 18 14 12 22 58 3. 19 2 - 11 1 - 5 - - - _ 1 - - - 266 3. 76 - - - - - - - - 4 - 4 4 8 20 18 42 4 28 24 12 76 14 8 - - 134 97 217 3. 88 2. 95 3. 21 7 32 1 2 - 1 7 - * * 11 1 8 21 17 9 5 6 15 4 37 31 1 - 29 41 - 3 - 3 6 16 - - 4 39 20 - - 1 7 40 6 - 5 5 4 - - 3 - - - 58 2. 35 38 - - W om en T « r^ fr ^ « n r i a 6a r J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and 26 15 2. 17 1 T h e B o s t o n S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f S u ffo lk C o u n ty , 15 c o m m u n i t ie s in E s s e x C o u n ty , 30 in M i d d le s e x C o u n ty , 20 in N o r f o l k C o u n ty , and 9 in P ly m o u t h C ou n ty . 2 E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , a n d la t e s h i ft s . Table 6. Occupational Earnings: Buffalo, N .Y .1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1968) N U M B E R OF W O RK ER S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n and s e x Number of workers Average $ 1 .8 0 $1.9 0 $2.0 0 $ 2.1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $2.4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $4.2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 hourly and earnings 2 u n d er $ 1 .9 0 $2.00 $2. 10 $2.20 $2.3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $2.5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $2.7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $3.0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $3.2 0 $3.3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4.0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $4.40 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A -----------------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ------------------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ------------------------E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e _________ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A --------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B --------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C --------------------------J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s ___ L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d l in g ----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A ------------------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B ------------------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C ------------------------M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (ope r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e )— M a r h i r d « t «* C M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e -----------------P o l i s h e r s a n d b u f f e r s , m e t a l --------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ( j o b b i n g ) -------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than j o b b i n g ) ----------------------------------------------T o o l c l e r k s ____________________________ W e l d e r s , ha n d, c l a s s A ------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B ------------------- 9 15 12 6 23 15 2 20 1 14 44 12 4 5 41 72 3 4 4 19 81 18 3 9 7 2 10 29 4 11 24 8 5 23 - 24 1 70 - 84 5 19 3 - 26 3 8 - _ - 12 2 9 34 49 136 155 106 135 119 107 58 40 2 - - 6 10 15 78 41 37 24 27 14 53 48 108 6 2 - 1 - 6 2 20 6 22 8 12 6 1 - 2 - - - - - 3 77 10 29 35 13 30 - - - - 72 _ 24 - - - - 3 - 11 - 8 3 28 - 8 55 14 3 12 3 10 - 2 - 24 - - 1 2 - 14 12 20 80 14 22 15 19 2 9 7 970 3 .4 7 - - - - - - - - 6 4 70 3. 35 - - - - - - - - 125 2. 81 - - 3 18 1 8 10 197 3. 52 42 72 26 285 3. 50 3. 33 4. 08 69 38 234 73 3. 2. 3. 3. 66 93 64 25 _ - - - - _ - - - - 3 - - 12 5 - - 1 4 19 - 3 13 - - - - - 1 - - 2 6 10 17 6 - 2 4 ' 6 15 - - 5 2 11 11 31 - - - - - - - - 12 - - 32 2. 50 2 - - 5 - 2 - 12 2 7 2 1 T h e B u ffa lo S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o l it a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f E r ie and N ia g a r a C o u n t ie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , a n d la t e s h ift s . 3 I n c lu d e s 10 w o r k e r s a t $ 1 . 6 0 to $ 1 . 7 0 . _ - 22 12 16 5 1 2 8 - $ 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 2. 2. 2. W om en J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s — _ 27 2 2 4 2 3 4 58 12 03 56 69 38 68 44 66 332 322 69 74 114 75 57 188 79 4 6 3 3 30 4 4 63 4 16 23 10 - - - - 86l 22 2 10 2 57 15 8 2 - - - - - - 9 2 10 - 15 20 5 2 63 - Table 7. Occupational Earnings: Chicago, 111.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1968) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n and s e x Number of workers $ 1 .9 0 $2.0 0 $ 2. 10 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2.3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $3. 10 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $4.0 0 $ 4 .2 0 .$4.40 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 and and $1. 90 u n d er $2.0 0 $2.10 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2.4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $3. 10 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 o v e r Average hourly U n der earnings 2 M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A ------------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ------------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ------------------C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ------------E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e ----------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A ---------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B ---------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C ---------------------------J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s __ L a b o r e r s , m a te r i a l h a n d l in g -------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A — ........... .......... M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B -----------------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C -----------------------M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m (o p e r a t e 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) ---------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m (o p e ra te m o re than 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) --------------M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e --------------M a c h in is t s , p r o d u c t io n ------------------M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e --------------P o lis h e r s and b u ffe r s , m e ta l — P o lis h in g - a n d b u ffin g m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s -------------------------P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A__ P u n ch -p re s s o p era tors, c la s s B — Setup m e n , m a c h in e t o o l s -------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (jo b b in g ) — T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than j o b b in g ) -------------------------------T o o l c l e r k s ------------------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A ------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B ----------------W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s A ---------W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s B ---------- 3, 501 2, 930 1, 831 66 447 1, 075 740 340 1, 394 2, 204 $3. 3. 2. 3. 4. 3. 3. 2. 2. 2. 72 15 62 77 32 74 31 86 63 77 - - - - _ 209 85 - - - - - 54 4 50 25 266 279 206 64 107 - 97 16 3 70 37 4 60 27 11 2 14 62 21 227 57 151 122 33 29 23 120 179 9 24 19 98 147 1 51 55 24 11 25 57 541 18 1 1 32 77 39 33 50 - - 2 11 - - - 2 2 59 55 2 49 27 - - 87 167 52 9 14 48 298 8 32 209 95 28 11 i 12 278 21 8 136 251 15 38 28 15 - - - 2 26 1 31 20 - _ _ 10 8 2 3 - - - 3 3 1 22 - - 9 06 603 553 2123 1936 870 4 36 36 71 8 53 163 134 179 3 12 3 77 201 325 4 28 421 516 345 180 392 266 113 51 18 16 107 129 186 92 278 220 1 74 2 80 70 180 59 30 36 30 7 21 26 7 6 2 5 - - - - - 1 - 5 5 3 7 22 31 23 26 65 174 201 268 2 72 171 149 - - - - 1 - - 5 1 21 - - - 1 - - - - - 29 18 20 15 20 32 12 22 15 - - 90 7 23 39 6 16 1 18 36 60 1 44 2 231 76 120 43 14 160 45 26 58 18 126 18 49 15 39 88 6 2 40 18 20 - - - - 22 27 1 1 1 13 20 12 16 21 12 5 41 3 3 36 6 563 - - - 35 2 - 2, 252 2. 80 4 38 36 41 188 1 ,4 2 3 4 . 29 - - - - 786 314 215 488 283 4. 3. 3. 3. 3. 05 90 98 84 54 - - - 137 481 915 371 2, 420 3. 3. 2. 3. 4. 06 32 72 71 58 1, 213 4 05 2, 227 652 201 232 4. 3. 3. 3. 3. 2. 37 19 75 81 49 85 488 A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B -----------------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ________________ 2, 113 27 I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A ______________ 193 I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B ---------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C ---------------------289 103 J a n it o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s — 33 L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g ----M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , 40 p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A ------------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , 313 p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B -----------------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , 685 p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C -----------------------663 P u n ch -p re s s o p e ra to rs, c la s s B — T o o l c l e r k s ------------------------------------6 201 W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s B ------ 2. 2. 3. 2. 2. 2. 2. 72 32 40 96 81 52 31 - 3 27 7 10 13 67 2 22 1 6 80 15 49 14 12 63 1 8 43 11 49 35 16 16 26 1 18 56 16 15 57 49 7 8 52 18 6 27 47 2 10 8 7 61 6 9 3 38 75 93 36 3 21 28 24 23 14 6 30 175 22 1 2 81 50 31 29 1 4 26 1 16 2 51 4 14 23 5 2 1 9 - 2 - 1 - - - 58 42 98 - 22 35 - 3 174 1 - ' - 1 1 - 8 - - - - - - - 18 8 29 56 13 21 14 8 1 11 7 323 22 550 42 95 23 123 80 83 86 132 66 74 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 92 140 - 299 3 - 43 - - - - - - - - 13 18 1 26 11 12 9 - - 15 1 62 20 19 8 22 20 2 10 2 25 45 1 8 24 1 18 67 3 3 11 13 262 12 17 257 2 21 4 26 55 132 59 47 11 20 3 623 68 10 9 65 13 203 26 20 4 123 _ 95 102 4 6 408 _ _ 7 9 2 i _ - 1 3 4 - 19 104 5 4 1 61 157 15 8 7 16 6 7 4 5 1 73 6 1 19 - 4 19 3 1 1 - 3 4 4 2 - - - - - - 279 36 7 4 W om ei - - - - - - 14 6 - 3 8 - 14 14 19 - 2 48 11 17 13 28 12 17 3 1 54 14 4 - 11 16 3 2 - - - 1 45 9 11 - - _ - 315 _ 47 38 6 15 _ 1 79 3 1 3 34 2 _ _ 855 4 555 98 _ 5 140 _ 23 6 1 21 6 68 1 - _ - _ _ - - _ - _ - 2 - 6 3. 63 - 66 - 2. 30 2. 24 3. 02 2 .4 3 7 92 64 8 81 8 83 73 8 1 1 - 2 9 7 - 1 2 5 4 - - - 7 - 1 16 13 58 50 17 7 8 6 22 19 4 3 1 10 4 - - - 1 70 104 - 159 109 31 106 76 40 55 41 36 20 12 39 28 32 3 9 6 26 6 13 15 1 6 6 8 1 1 15 - 3 2 - 2 1 1 1 2 7 - 1 1 2 2 3 2 14 1 3 3 3 - i _ _ - 1 _ _ _ * - - - - - 2. 77 - - - - - - - - 1 ' T h e C h ic a g o S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C o o k , D u P a g e , K a n e , L a k e , M c H e n r y , and W ill C o u n t ie s . E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , a n d la t e s h i ft s . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 22 at $ 4 . 80 to $ 5; 7 at $ 5 t o $ 5. 20; and 4 3 at $ 5 . 4 0 t o $ 5 . 60. W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 262 a t $ 4 . 80 to $ 5 ; 204 at $ 5 to $ 5. 20; 65 a t $ 5. 20 to $ 5. 4 0 ; and 24 at $ 5 .4 0 to $ 5.60. W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 133 at $ 4 . 80 to $5 and 7 at $ 5 to $ 5. 20. W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 4 at $ 5 to $ 5 . 4 0 ; 4 a t $ 5 . 4 0 to $ 5 . 60; 30 at $ 5 . 80 to $ 6 ; 15 at $ 6 to $ 6 . 20; a n d 15 at $ 6 . 20 to $ 6 . 4 0 . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 68 at $ 1. 70 to $ 1. 80 and 24 a t $ 1. 80 to $ 1* 90. - - - 37 2 6 _________ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 - 2 3. 39 8 - 600 4 , 535 - - 3 72 _ 321 - - 12 1 10 48 39 95 323 - - 97 28 2 202 - 14 406 56 20 4 37 194 1 34 - - 936 128 14 1 75 3 12 i 5 49 - 8 635 90 6 8 34 203 44 3 6 _ - - 1 17 i 335 115 i 194 10 : i i 16 1 23 9 60 44 33 2 12 27 1 - - - 187 85 47 10 21 74 4 1 6 - 3. 84 - 28 61 5 134 336 272 223 39 3 7 47 96 1 40 136 3 9, 172 - i 6 i 65 244 178 166 18 8 g Table 8. Occupational Earnings: Cleveland, Ohio1 (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1968) N U M B E R OP W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G 8 OF— O c c u p a t io n and s e x Number of workers $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 Average hourly earningB2 U n dei and and $ 2 .0 0 u n d er $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .00 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 o v e r M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A ___ _ A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ________ A s s e m b le r s , c la s s C C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ___ E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e ___ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A __________ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B _________ In sp e cto rs, c la s s C _ J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and cle a n e r s _ L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g ______ _______ ________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B _________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , to o lr o o m (o p e ra te 1 t y p e o f m a c h i n e ) ____________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) -----M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e -----M a c h i n i s t s , p r o d u c t i o n ______ M e c h a n ic s , m a i n t e n a n c e ____ P o lis h e r s and b u ffe r s , m e t a l ______________ ________ P o l i s h i n g - and b u ffin g m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s _ _ P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s, c l a s s A ____________________ _ P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s, c l a s s B _______________________ S etu p m e n , m a c h in e t o o l s __________________________ T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (jo b b in g ) --------------------------------T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r th a n j o b b in g ) ______________ T o o l c le rk s W e ld e r s , hand, c la s s A W e ld e rs , hand, c la s s B W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s B__ 1 ,2 6 6 788 256 38 194 411 375 77 $3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 75 32 07 61 87 65 56 38 _ _ . 6 . - 12 25 12 _ 10 4 15 _ 6 4 25 10 12 . 47 46 4 31 35 26 245 12 169 45 8 _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 4 1 14 1 4 _ 12 14 17 38 8 14 24 7 31 37 32 29 30 62 25 - - 12 2 19 5 42 36 97 104 52 3 4 6 1 - 41 1 7 3 1 - - - 2 - 1 7 32 41 169 185 207 4 34 209 6 53 4 02 400 717 220 157 167 195 138 52 5 12 30 16 44 48 8 _ 23 92 59 8 215 22 8 5 6 48 25 11 101 16 5 2 17 50 6 8 75 17 6 1 9 37 52 5 194 17 5 13 25 81 66 6 16 - 3 * 34 2 70 55 7 _ 3 8 4 1 102 71 17 15 14 34 67 3 13 2 22 17 8 1 45 36 18 32 18 9 _ 18 5 17 18 23 4 1 20 1 3 39 29 1 _ _ _ - 122 14 5 . 5 5 - 27 10 _ . _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - 399 2. 75 461 2. 99 4, 388 3. 73 “ 2 , 030 3. 44 - - - - 1 3 3 6 163 35 106 194 171 2 74 93 192 225 84 102 96 67 61 67 56 18 13 1, 152 2. 57 - 100 4 155 24 25 536 51 31 21 19 52 50 15 22 16 10 9 1 3 8 - - - - - 4 13 4 . 12 4 6 12 20 14 21 86 90 43 63 17 29 6 186 86 83 149 3. 3. 3. 3. 13 2 29 _ 39 12 19 26 6 10 7 14 14 _ 27 _ 30 22 11 46 32 4 10 4 19 1 _ 8 4 _ 2 5 3 _ 1 5 _ _ - 2 64 90 78 87 7 - - - - - - - 1 5 - 10 6 17 _ _ _ 8 _ _ _ _ 1 _ 35 _ 1 1 2 1 3 3 5 4 _ _ _ - - - - - 26 4 48 28 21 21 12 2 18 - 14 - - - - 9 3 6 - 11 17 11 3 1 23 3 - 2 - - - - - - - 5 18 29 5 5 6 8 2 _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ - 3. 40 _ _ 212 3. 28 - - - 82 3. 13 - - 11 - 185 2. 81 - - 16 16 - 11 22 4 25 - - - - - - - 173 3. 58 4 . 00 3. 30 3. 39 3. 38 3 .4 0 198 - 4. 11 367 178 513 331 28 1 3 64 1 ,2 6 6 12 2. 88 ' - 11 - - 2 - 6 42 - 4 57 2 12 45 - - 2 3 - - - 9 10 4 26 13 39 57 357 229 227 186 79 30 - 18 63 14 4 16 96 38 - 5 49 103 16 - 4 15 68 4 - 9 15 35 2 1 26 13 21 2 3 103 6 19 1 - 8 6 _ H - 17 17 33 76 11 86 2 18 _ 53 _ 5 1 15 _ 8 34 3 _ 4 _ 32 _ 4 _ - - - 6 _ 10 8 - - - 112 8 6 1 - 1 - i 2 1 * - - - - _ _ 1 - - 2 2 - - - - - - - - - _ 1 1 5 5 30 - 12 1 26 - 7 26 44 8 1 15 6 19 _ - - - - _ _ - - - - - 12 - - - 28 4 8 4 - 7 _ _ ' - _ - - - - - - 17 W om en In sp e cto rs, c la s s C __ J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s __ _ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A _ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C ................ 55 2. 45 5 8 9 3. 06 - - - - - - 1 1 2 1 - - 281 2. 59 1 9 18 40 24 108 8 22 4 12 28 3 4 6 2 1 T h e C le v e la n d S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s i s t s o f C u y a h o g a , G e a u g a , L a k e , 2 E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h i ft s . and M e d in a C o u n t ie s . 7 Table 9. Occupational Earnings: Dallas, Tex.1 (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , S e p t e m b e r 1968) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A RN IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n and s e x Number of workers Average $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 hourly and earnings L and u n d er $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1.90 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 o v e r M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A .............. . A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B _______ A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ________ E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e ___ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A __________ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B __________ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C ................... J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and 286 203 274 31 98 86 68 $2. 2. 1. 3. 3. 2. 2. 92 41 93 12 34 72 00 _ _ _ _ 7 4 43 2 42 4 6 83 30 73 2 21 12 - - 21 22 9 6 - - - 7 2 2 10 17 _ 25 15 13 46 17 94 10 4 22 6 10 6 2 2 _ - - 6 2 13 2 4 1 19 - _ 13 2 1 5 7 2 3 5 8 1 15 1 2 10 2 14 - 2 3 - 4 - 2 10 - l 1 3 - 2 7 - - - 35 57 139 98 31 23 36 75 48 7 - 7 - - 23 21 82 14 4 7 1 12 5 4 10 35 7 1 7 - 2 37 1 11 21 - - - - 4 7 1 32 9 - 2 1 14 2 2 13 2 11 13 2 3 2 8 - 37 12 33 11 72 87 66 45 166 L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A ________ M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B .............. M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C ________ M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) -----M a c h i n i s t s , p r o d u c t i o n ........... M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e ____ P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s . cla s s A _________ _________ P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s B _______________ _____ T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s (jo b b in g ) ....... ........................... . T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than j o b b i n g ) ________ T o o l c l e r k s _____ ______ _________ W e ld e rs , hand, c la s s A W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B ........ W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s A ____________________ W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s B _____________________ _ 665 3. 14 461 2. 65 6 36 25 45 278 2. 19 - 9 10 24 42 61 46 42 18 15 5 6 40 152 40 3. 39 3. 49 3. 12 - - - - - - - - - - 4 4 3 8 7 1 5 - 2 16 7 5 7 2 72 2. 79 - - - _ - - - 3 10 25 3 2 7 8 3 - - - 2 - - 9 - - - - 2. 12 - 14 - 7 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 18 3 8 12 - 36 75 57 1 - 3 9 11 1 8 - 8 11 11 1 3 3 11 15 11 1 9 - - 2 - - - 4 3 - - - - - 2 - - - 135 212 3. 2. 2. 2. 14 1 25 5 13 20 7 3. 97 57 67 307 140 28 58 52 98 59 2 _ - - _ _ 3 - 4 _ 11 8 _ 13 7 _ 12 11 6 6 7 5 11 8 9 28 9 61 1 2 _ 32 53 29 2. 82 - - _ - - - _ 1 2 8 2 1 6 31 2. 29 - - 2 2 8 - - 7 7 - - 1 4 124 1. 93 3 7 45 31 29 - 9 _ - - _ - - 8 134 1 - _ - W om en A s s e m b le r s , cla s s C 1 T h e D a lla s S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C o l li n , D a l la s , D e n to n , E l l i s , K a u fm a n , and R o c k w e ll C o u n t ie s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , a n d la te s h i f t s . V i r t u a ll y a l l w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y th e stu d y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s i s 0 3 " Table 10. Occupational Earnings: Denver, Colo. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1968) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n and s e x Number of workers $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 Average hourly and earnings2 under $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 T O 5 F 54 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 cLnd $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 over M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A ------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ------------E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e — I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A --------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B --------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C --------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s ---------------------------------L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g ----------------------------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A ------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B ------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C ------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) ----------------------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) -----M a c h i n i s t s , m a i n t e n a n c e -----M a c h i n i s t s , p r o d u c t io n --------M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e -------P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s B -----------------------------------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than j o b b i n g ) --------------------------T o o l c l e r k s ------------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A -------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B --------- 10 1 240 75 $ 3 . 20 2. 95 15 69 41 2. 97 - - - - - 7 - - 3 6 2 .9 5 - - - - - * - - 80 2. 46 3 15 - - - - 1 1 50 2. 56 - - - - - - - 16 27 30 41 13 4 9 11 4 23 10 3. 70 - - - - - - 8 2 1 3 7 3 7 - - 4 3 3 2 17 4 4 - 1 - - - - - - 2. 77 - - - - - - 9 8 24 - 3 1 1 - 2 15 87 73 48 12 10 9 14 17 16 4 46 - 2 2 10 33 5 13 39 36 11 7 2 2 2 - 5 1 1 2 - 1 7 2 6 - - 2 - 2 - - 1 2 2 - - - 9 - 7 11 10 1 2 - 6 - 1 - 1 - 12 1 - - _ _ _ 31 2 _ _ _ _ _ 17 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ 5 17 5 8 32 11 8 _ _ _ _ 1 3 1 . 7 6 . 14 4. 45 1 111 - - 11 - 2 1 - 5 2 12 - - 2 8 10 - - - - - - - 1 " " 5 4 2 1 - 12 2 2 1 - 2. 95 1 .9 2 27 - 4 2 14 “ “ 8 “ 6 33 34 4 15 13 15 12 7 3. 4 3 200 - “ " “ “ 57 1 22 7 88 3 2 ~ - 1 72 42 1 9 1 1 W om en A s s e m b le r s , c la s s A — A s s e m b le r s , c la s s C — 7 2 2 1 T h e D e n v e r S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f A d a m s , A r a p a h o e , B o u l d e r , D e n v e r , and J e f f e r s o n C o u n t ie s . 2 E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la t e s h ift s . 3 I n c lu d e s 12 w o r k e r s at $ 1. 60 to $ 1 . 7 0 . 4 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d as f o l l o w s : 19 at $ 5 to $ 5 . 20; 12 at $ 5 . 20 to $ 5 . 4 0 ; 10 at $ 5 . 40 to $ 5 . 60; and 5 at $ 5 . 60 and o v e r . 5 I n c lu d e s 40 w o r k e r s at $ 1 . 6 0 to $ 1 . 7 0 . _ - 3. 53 3 . 11 _ 2 1 3. 81 2. 97 _ 14 3. 56 26 _ _ - 3. 25 55 _ - 3. 9 2 141 _ _ 11 - 96 _ 1 _ 2 - 18 2. 35 _ 44 - 35 3 22 _ 6 - 8 - 1 1 2 3. 18 70 5 1 1 3 .9 2 176 22 1 2 3 352 45 47 8 3. 50 54 54 Table 11. Occupational Earnings: Detroit, Mich.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1968) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G ST R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n and s e x Number of workers $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 $ 5 .2 0 Average hourly U n d er and and earnings2 $ 2 .2 0 u nd er $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 $ 5 .2 0 o v e r M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A -----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B -----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C -----------C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ----E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n ce --------------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A --------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B --------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C --------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s -------------------------------L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g --------------------------------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A -----------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B -----------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C -----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m ( o p e r a t e 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) --------------------------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m (o p e ra te m o re than 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) ----M a c h i n i s t s , m a i n t e n a n c e ----M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e ------P o l i s h e r s and b u f f e r s , m e t a l --------------------------------------P o l i s h i n g - and b u ffin g m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s --------------P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s B ----------------------------------S etup m e n , m a c h in e t o o ls — T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ( j o b b i n g ) --------------------------------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than j o b b i n g ) -------------------------T o o l c l e r k s -----------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A -----W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B -----W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s A ----------------------------------W om en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B -----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C -----------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B --------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s --------------------------------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A ----------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B -----------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C ------------ 1 2 3 4 5 _ - - 55 09 57 35 1 ,2 5 3 3. 07 894 3. 28 5 ,4 8 5 4. 20 - 1, 224 1 ,7 3 4 1 , 298 30 241 5 14 720 228 $4. 3. 3. 4. 4. 4. 3. 3. 39 59 37 19 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ 17 - _ 82 - - - - - 6 - - - 126 - “ 2 1 - 54 48 51 24 - - 90 5 - _ - " - _ - 88 163 - _ 4 1 - 6 41 12 - 25 124 2 - 60 222 585 - 6 63 394 - 54 888 28 2 7 101 4 82 130 1 39 9 - 105 9 11 20 54 4 221 - 384 1 8 166 - 38 - ii - 10 57 90 4 22 1 34 25 23 13 53 3 47 177 7 21 281 58 36 74 1 12 91 10 3 48 3 6 18 12 10 19 57 2 8 117 35 6 1 40 47 1 - 42 40 - 3 23 _ - 2 4 _ - 56 86 139 228 195 30 144 32 15 24 - - - - - - - _ 15 3 27 17 279 39 242 74 67 3 27 1 - 3 - - - - - - - - - 144 146 170 183 73 263 408 797 1000 329 4 52 524 616 336 44 16 103 27 - - - 14 _ - - - - 27 - - 271 184 347 408 685 352 915 1514 739 392 56 96 4 121 149 177 129 427 390 62 30 80 166 79 69 60 132 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 38 52 43 18 10 4 . 64 4. 65 4 . 59 - - - - - - - - - - 17 - _ _ 6 8 1 - 2 6 - 4 2 - 2 147 4. 36 - - - - - - 1 1 - 1 - 16 - 37 3. 34 - - - “ - - - - - " - 28 4 4 85 8 64 3. 55 3. 77 - - - - - - - - 1 - 6 - 3 - 7 1 42 3 9 85 4 ,9 3 6 4. 97 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 - - 1 - 22 - 19 35 21 112 173 6 , 144 3. 53 2 ,3 5 3 3. 07 4 , 859 4. 81 417 102 372 113 29 45 289 124 408 958 1044 1096 3 7 34 3 2 11 2 9 32 5 44 59 16 137 179 38 40 66 21 115 9 8 6 38 3 - 41 21 - - 2 - 35 1 9 18 1 “ “ 5 - - - - - 321 21 1 269 95 169 103 21 141 51 - - - - - - - - - - 115 30 409 290 1494 1691 “ 907 52 6 210 34 26 12 68 28 19 16 19 66 14 17 21 17 2 17 9 - 3 23 - 14 9 4 - 21 8 16 - 143 48 - 100 29 - 158 1 - 3 10 - - 4 57 297 399 480 4. 82 3. 58 3 .9 2 3. 43 - - 37 4 .0 9 - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - 11 - - 2 1 - - - 21 - - - - 32 4 54 72 3. 26 2. 85 3. 22 _ - _ - _ 2 - _ - _ 199 - _ 18 - . 8 - _ 6 - _ 58 - 18 5 34 - 1 158 27 2 1 3 - 2 - 6 10 - - - - - _ - _ - . . - _ - _ _ - 68 2. 46 5 27 6 - - - - - 21 2 4 - - - 7 3 .9 1 168 3. 55 - - - - - - - 323 2. 60 - 91 - - 98 51 26 - 2 - 10 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 3 - - - - - - - - 13 1 - _ - 3 9 27 27 42 41 6 - - - - - - - - 6 8 10 13 3 5 - - - - - - - - - - T h e D e t r o i t S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f M a c o m b , O a k la n d , and W a yn e C o u n t ie s . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la t e s h ift s . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d as f o l lo w s : 572 at $ 5 . 2 0 to $ 5 . 4 0 ; 137 at $ 5 . 4 0 to $ 5 . 6 0 ; and 25 a t $ 5 . 6 0 and o v e r . W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as fo l lo w s : 692 at $ 5 . 2 0 to $ 5 . 4 0 ; 149 at $ 5 . 4 0 to $ 5 . 6 0 ; and 66 at $ 5 . 6 0 a n d o v e r . A l l w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 1. 80 to $ 1 .9 0 . 51 70 10 Table 12. Occupational Earnings: Hartford—New Britain—Bristol, Conn.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , N o v e m b e r 1 96 8) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n and s e x Number of workers Average $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 hourly earnings 2 and and u n d er $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 o v e r M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A -----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B -----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C -----------C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ----E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e — I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A --------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B --------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s --------------------------------L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g --------------------------------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A -----------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B -----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C -----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e 1 type o f m a c h i n e ) --------------------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , to o lr o o m (o p e ra te m o re than 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) ----M a c h in is t s , m a i n t e n a n c e ----M a c h i n i s t s , p r o d u c t i o n -------P o l i s h e r s and b u f f e r s , m e t a l -------------------------------------P o li s h i n g - and b u ffin g m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ------------P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s, c l a s s B ---------------------------------Setu p m e n , m a c h in e t o o ls — T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ( j o b b i n g ) ---------------- --------- T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r T o o l c l e r k s -----------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A -----W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B -----W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s B ---------------------------------- 258 476 250 15 93 204 20 6 $3. 3. 3. 3. 4. 3. 3. 63 00 01 49 06 40 26 - 1 - 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - 3 7 2 19 20 9 - - - - - - - 3 79 9 5 25 8 6 50 7 3 16 9 - 1 2 62 2 1 4 2 4 2 53 6 44 30 79 74 1 - 2 8 6 4 26 11 3 24 2 19 34 13 11 1 28 - . 1 2 39 - 37 29 12 54 1 7 8 33 49 49 8 2 29 65 82 9 11 8 32 8 37 5 20 17 - 8 4 1 3 9 - 1 5 - 2 1 - 4 _ - 4 _ - 210 2. 63 35 - - 15 8 50 8 29 35 9 9 5 - - - 222 2. 67 - - - 16 20 45 10 31 18 22 3 12 10 - 1 - 33 1 - - - - - - - - 1 ,4 1 8 3. 53 - - 1 - 2 - - 1 8 8 21 60 98 72 81 73 161 218 339 131 53 27 33 19 12 - 1 ,5 9 1 3. 26 - - 4 7 14 16 20 31 55 77 91 86 85 94 181 149 173 154 263 74 5 9 1 - - 2 1 , 171 3. 30 - - 5 9 8 20 33 49 28 70 17 52 56 43 46 39 197 313 95 61 17 10 3 - - - 347 4. 22 2 2 - 2 12 12 7 22 18 61 15 25 25 144 - - 166 115 75 3. 41 3. 57 3. 53 4 - 3 2 - - - - - - - - 4 4 - - 5 6 11 - 74 8 - 11 12 5 12 20 - 17 16 23 20 22 11 11 16 23 1 10 - 5 - - - - _ 29 3. 16 - - - - - - - 10 - - - - - - 6 3 - 5 _ _ 5 _ - _ _ . 90 3. 14 - - - - - - 8 3 16 4 1 8 - 2 13 3 7 7 3 - - 1 - - 92 693 2 .9 4 3. 48 8 2 4 4 6 9 1 5 2 3 2 14 2 194 17 41 3 126 10 199 3 23 1 16 1 1 1 - 1 - 1 - - 436 3. 71 - - - - 11 - - - 376 114 91 33 4. 2. 3. 2. - - - 10 - 8 5 3 - - - - 2 - 2 3 13 13 3 4 - - - - - 1 1 12 1 15 2 50 1 9 10 23 17 49 83 35 209 193 03 83 74 88 29 2. 76 753 428 2. 89 2. 48 11 7 7 2 4 2 8 1 2 1 17 48 - 2 12 14 22 2 47 4 29 43 63 82 40 13 30 - - 32 9 24 3 78 1 2 4 9 1 112 3 - 37 19 - 3 1 3 20 12 12 - 12 1 1 74 34 1 7 - 1 - - 10 - - 4 - 3 3 3 2 - - - - 1 3 - - - - - - - - 49 3 31 1 28 1 32 12 24 - 40 - 31 5 33 - 117 32 21 10 5 7 2 _ _ _ _ 22 2. 42 W om en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C -----------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C --------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B -----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C -----------P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s, c l a s s B ---------------------------------- _ - 39 2. 93 - - - - - - 5 5 1 3 3 5 1 5 3 1 - 3 - - - - - - - 162 2. 71 - 6 1 8 4 9 20 7 14 23 22 25 9 5 4 2 1 - - 1 1 - - - - - 316 3. 15 4 10 2 " " 2 11 5 8 15 14 18 14 17 11 9 4 149 10 12 3 " 1 1 4 i _ 1 T h e a r e a c o n s i s t s o f A n d o v e r , A v o n , B e r li n , B l o o m f ie l d , B o lt o n , B r i s t o l , C a n to n , C o v e n t r y , C r o m w e l l , E a s t G r a n b y , E a s t H a r t f o r d , E a s t W in d s o r , E llin g t o n , E n f ie l d , F a r m in g t o n , G la s t o n b u r y , G r a n b y , H a r t f o r d , M a n c h e s t e r , N e w B r it a in , N e w in g to n , P la in v i ll e , R o c k y H i ll , S im s b u r y , S o u th in g to n , S outh W i n d s o r , S u ff ie l d , V e r n o n , W e s t H a r t f o r d , W e t h e r s f i e ld , W i n d s o r , and W in d s o r L o c k s . 2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h ift s . 3 A l l w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 1 . 7 0 to $ 1 . 8 0 . 4 I n c lu d e s 8 w o r k e r s at $ 1 . 7 0 t o $ 1 . 8 0 . Table 13. Occupational Earnings: Houston, Tex.1 (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1968) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G ST R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n 3 A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A ______________ A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B _ __ _ A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ______________ C a r p e n t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e __________ E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e _________ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A __________ . . . I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B _____ ___ ____ J a n ito r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s ______________ ______ _______ L a b o r e r s , m a te r ia l Number of Average workers earnings 2 482 286 103 14 159 328 151 hourly $3. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 3. 39 89 73 49 85 59 34 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 and and u n d er $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 o v e r - - - - 12 4 12 1 - - 2 2 12 4 39 35 1 5 5 31 29 28 2 7 19 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 2 1 2 5 7 14 23 23 67 27 2 9 35 17 2 5 5 11 - - - 6 12 18 8 60 7 28 28 100 11 1 1 15 40 69 10 74 3 19 6 1 147 4 3 1 120 12 4 6 1 8 1 5 14 50 10 28 - - - - - 1 - - - - - 23 74 - - 2 2 - - 68 12 1 - - 34 26 1 - - - - - - - 14 291 2. 31 4 35 24 34 19 10 - 223 M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A _______________ M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B _______________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C ________ _____ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 t y p e o f m a c h i n e ) ---------------M a c h i n i s t s , m a i n t e n a n c e ___________ M a c h i n i s t s , p r o d u c t i o n ______ ____ _ M e c h a n ic s , m a i n t e n a n c e ___________ P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s B ______________________________ S etu p m e n , m a c h in e t o o l s __ ____ T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r th a n jo b b in g ) _______________________ T o o l c l e r k s ____ _______________________ W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A ___________ W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B ___________ W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s A _______ 2. 46 10 10 34 25 10 28 13 1 ,6 4 6 3. 45 - - - - - - - 1 2 1 12 29 55 86 130 385 201 292 302 68 51 26 4 1 781 3. 08 - - - 3 - - 1 16 31 42 106 51 115 159 140 63 33 6 8 - 3 4 - - - 284 2. 63 - 6 6 12 20 16 10 44 79 23 20 20 9 5 6 1 1 2 - 1 - 3 - - - 180 131 879 205 3. 3. 3. 3. 2 8 6 1 9 2 8 1 6 2 22 4 37 5 2 38 30 106 31 93 8 2 15 136 91 10 73 369 69 5 1 4 - 11 52 106 131 642 371 14 58 83 71 76 2. 65 3. 60 3. 2. 3. 3. 3. 91 99 54 04 51 68 _ 5 - - - - - - 6 5 - - - - - 4 2 - 2 - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 21 27 - 8 1 5 - 12 9 13 51 5 17 7 22 31 8 5 10 77 17 22 16 1 - 291 130 16 2 3 99 2 8 1 2 49 1 3 - - 24 10 15 60 _________ 1 T h e H o u s to n S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s i s t s o f B r a z o r i a , F o r t B e n d , H a r r i s , 2 E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , a n d la te s h i ft s . 3 D ata li m it e d t o m e n w o r k e r s . 4 I n c lu d e s 8 w o r k e r s at $ 1 . 6 0 t o $ 1 . 7 0 , and 16 at $ 1 . 7 0 t o $ 1 . 8 0 . - L ib e r t y , a n d M o n t g o m e r y C o u n t ie s . 102 69 30 - 27 1 “ 71 1 119 4 “ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 1 2 2 - “ - - - - - - - 2 6 1 15 5 " " " K) Table 14. Occupational Earnings: Los Angeles—Long Beach and Anaheim—Santa Ana—Garden Grove, Calif.1 (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1968) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OFO c c u p a t io n a n d s e x Number of workers Average hourly 2 earnings $ 1 . 6 0 I $ 1. 70 and u n d er $ 1 . 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1. 80 $ 1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 . 80 $ 3 . 00 $ 3 . 20 $ 3 . 40 $ 3. 60 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 . 00 $ 4 . 20 $ 4 . 40 $ 4 . 60 $ 4 . 80 $ 5 . 00 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 . 80 $ 3 . 00 $ 3 . 20 $ 3 . 40 $ 3 . 60 $ 3 . 80 $ 4 . 00 $ 4 . 20 $ 4 . 40 $ 4 . 60 $ 4 . 80 $ 5 . 00 over and M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A _____________ A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B _________ _ __ A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ___ _ _____ C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e ________ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A ________________ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B __ _ _ ____ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C ________________ J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s ____________________ ___ L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d l in g ______ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A _ _ __________ M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B _ _______ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C ______________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) ____ _____________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) ---------------M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e __________ M a c h i n i s t s , p r o d u c t i o n ____________ M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e __________ P o l i s h e r s a n d b u f f e r s , m e t a l _____ P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s A _____________________________ P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s B _____________ ________________ S etu p m e n , m a c h in e t o o l s ________ T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ( j o b b i n g ) ____ T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than j o b b i n g ) _______________________ T o o l c l e r k s ____________________ ______ W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A ___________ W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B ___________ W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s A _______ 1, 136 1, 184 600 34 83 712 273 107 $ 3 . 32 2. 76 2. 37 3. 72 3 .9 5 3. 76 3. 15 2. 65 _ - 10 - 6 - 2 5 - 10 173 _ 1 151 164 _ 15 10 158 134 _ _ 12 42 104 321 19 26 15 112 251 31 _ 33 16 218 150 58 1 11 86 15 201 113 54 40 3 162 28 10 7 171 43 - 148 _ 10 8 177 33 - 179 _ 11 33 100 - 2 2 21 127 _ - 7 31 _ _ _ _ 7 35 - _ _ _ 6 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 644 228 2. 37 2. 55 10 - 61 - 2 - 12 - 107 9 126 76 142 74 116 43 32 9 24 6 12 3 8 - - - - - _ _ _ 9 85 396 631 6 44 642 719 326 93 139 3 16 4 67 123 78 512 353 254 188 146 64 110 306 301 112 42 3 2 23 45 46 119 139 140 147 20 9 9 37 1 42 112 39 _ 44 22 108 39 - 209 21 209 36 - 103 4 250 15 15 49 1 163 5 - 12 3 229 _ 24 2 33 2 - _ 2 _ _ 3, 703 3. 82 1 ,7 2 6 3. 25 1 ,0 3 8 2. 69 678 4. 29 4 83 53 1 ,1 1 7 193 38 3. 3. 4. 3. 3. 98 90 04 60 37 63 2. 51 4. 04 4. 52 - - 67 - _ _ - - _ _ 3. 16 100 48 988 36 339 183 1, 176 217 21 4. 2. 3. 3. 3. 34 89 63 08 52 641 1, 328 2 , 524 81 143 319 2. 2. 2. 3. 2. 2. 88 44 18 39 90 57 - - _ - - 1 - 38 - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - 16 180 68 4 40 66 49 156 46 794 - - - - - - 1 1 7 . . . " ~ ii _ 2 _ _ 27 - 16 2 - - 10 199 761 1 19 14 12 1 8 31 20 7 _ 21 2 - 20 - 1 - 4 - 4 29 _ 4 31 205 _ 140 156 6 279 36 3 139 49 30 46 3 16 305 50 6 3 17 239 43 3 5 280 2 6 30 114 _ 3 102 _ 172 2 23 20 _ 73 _ _ _ 70 _ 6 _ 18 _ 2 _ 15 _ 6 _ - - - - - - 24 _ _ 18 - _ 6 _ _ _ _ - _ 11 _ - _ - _ _ - . _ - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ - - “ - 1 - 1 26 19 2 46 39 - - - - 26 4 22 561 8 190 137 414 366 74 2 4 31 54 49 _ _ 19 33 - 29 _ _ 23 22 _ _ 2 _ _ 3 _ 1 - W om en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A _______________ A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B _______________ A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ______ _ __ ___ In sp e cto rs, cla s s A _ __________ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B _____ _________ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C ................................ J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s __________________ _________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B _______________ P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s, c l a s s B ______________________________ T o o l c l e r k s __________________________ 13 2. 53 30 2. 78 39 10 - 2. 39 2. 86 2 - 48 47 3 . 1 17 4 6 4 " 8 1 11 21 “ " " 5 3 1 4 T h e L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h a n d A n a h e im — Santa A n a — a r d e n G r o v e S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a s c o n s i s t s o f L o s A n g e l e s and O r a n g e C o u n t ie s . G E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h i ft s . V i r t u a ll y a ll w o r k e r s w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 67 at $ 5 to $ 5 . 2 0 ; 36 at $ 5 . 2 0 t o $ 5 . 4 0 ; and 36 at $ 5 , 4 0 t o $ 5 . 6 0 . " Table 15. Occupational Earnings: Milwaukee, Wis.1 (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1968) N U M B ER OF W O RK ER S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A RN IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n a n d s e x Number of workers Average $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1.90 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3.80 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 hourly eamiDgs 2 and and u n d er $ 1 .8 0 $ 1.90 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 o v e r M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A _______________ A s s e m b le r s , cla s s B _ ______ A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ________ ____ C a r p e n t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e _________ E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e ......... ...... _ ___ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A _______ In sp ectors, cla s s B ______ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C _________________ J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s ____________________________ L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d l in g ______ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A ________ ___ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B _______ ______ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C _______________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m (o p e r a t e 1 type o f m a c h i n e ) _______________ ____ _____ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) __________ M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e __________ M a c h i n i s t s , p r o d u c t i o n _____ ____ M e c h a n ic s , m a i n t e n a n c e __________ P o l i s h e r s a n d b u f f e r s , m e t a l _____ P o li s h i n g - and b u ffi n g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ___________________________ P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c la s s A „ P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s B __ T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s (jo b b in g ) -------------------------------------------T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than jo b b in g ) _______________________ T o o l c l e r k s __________________________ W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A ___________ W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B ___________ W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s A _____ ______________________ W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s B ______________________________ 1 ,0 9 6 1 ,8 5 5 823 26 237 645 474 129 $3. 3. 3. 4. 4. 3. 3. 3. 88 57 24 01 07 76 44 12 570 922 2. 89 2. 81 2 ,9 5 1 - . . 75 - _ - - 5 - 15 3. 89 - 7 - - 3 - 12 7 - 18 30 15 6 3 18 - 2 ,5 7 8 3. 53 588 2. 93 32 323 3. 3. 3. 4. 3. 48 173 192 3. 20 3. 45 3. 29 605 30 124 25 159 172 28 183 57 216 545 56 166 105 76 88 91 50 2 - 17 22 22 33 31 22 14 37 85 14 17 133 184 18 30 46 65 45 134 243 117 86 54 75 37 96 37 57 3, 88 320 139 26 151 78 59 238 6 28 . _ 1 24 2 34 39 1 16 - 4. 36 327 144 820 1, 185 4. 3. 3. 3. 98 81 80 17 61 37 19 70 51 119 37 26 2 4 - . . _ _ - . - _ - - - - 630 184 140 1 10 62 28 55 146 109 4 4 3 _ . - 247 474 498 4 84 25 12 4 45 1 - 61 6 2 - 2 9 80 38 79 187 187 485 520 315 316 149 104 64 24 10 7 32 46 49 29 110 34 110 34 22 27 16 19 10 4 1 1 . . 6 60 43 41 23 53 54 16 14 6 7 7 12 - 57 26 17 38 38 43 15 19 34 63 23 7 23 3 41 13 - 63 17 4 4 i 30 8 20 - 18 37 - 19 - - 30 23 14 3 66 30 2 3 21 12 20 - 3 - - 24 21 29 76 34 191 205 2 22 210 103 38 1 138 64 42 36 10 1 _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - “ i - 1 - - - - - - - - - - 2 - - 1 11 - 4 - - 12 2 21 5 9 12 _ _ 16 _ 2 - - - - 2 8 18 2 15 2 36 21 13 14 32 _ 4 379 1 3. 13 29 43 31 6 24 2 - 124 49 15 3 28 63 - 2 12 3. 67 81 92 50 18 9 11 16 - 191 527 99 9 43 243 23 - 3. 22 31 1 40 5 1 18 _ _ _ 6 11 _ 3 3 3 1 1 1 _ 30 37 150 203 1 10 15 15 29 10 96 65 26 4 61 60 56 52 74 60 34 62 75 10 25 39 9 15 2 5 ■9 3 10 4 8 2 1 2 - 1 1 1 - - - - 1 1 3 5 3 . . “ ” 10 W om en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ______________ J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s ________ ____ ______________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B ______________ T o o l c l e r k s ______ ____ _______________ 64 3. 61 3. 15 1 3. 00 31 37 . . . 5 . . 11 1 3 2 16 3 3 23 . _ 1 3 11 3 6 13 2 ‘ 1 T h e M ilw a u k e e S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s i s t s o f M ilw a u k e e , O z a u k e e , W a s h in g t o n , 2 E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t i m e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h i ft s . fO •Nl and W a u k e sh a C o u n t ie s . 12 ' ' " . ~ ' ' JO Table 16. Occupational Earnings: Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , N o v e m b e r 1968) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— Number of workers $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 Average hourly U n der and earnings 2 and $ 2 .0 0 u n d e r $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 o v e r M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A ........................ A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ___ . A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C _____________ E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e ............. I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A . .......................... I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B ----------------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s ____ ____ — ............... ........... L a b o r e r s , m a t e r i a l h a n d l in g -----M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A -------------------M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B _____________ M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a to r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C -------------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , to o lr o o m (o p e ra te 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) ......... M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e m o r e th a n 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) ______________ M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e ____ M a c h i n i s t s , p r o d u c t i o n ____ M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s A ____________ P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s B _________________ S etu p m e n , m a c h in e t o o ls T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (jo b b in g ) ......... ............................... . T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than j o b b i n g ) _______ T o o l c l e r k s ____________ W e ld e r s , hand, c la s s A W e ld e r s , hand, c la s s B W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s B 1 ,2 2 9 1, 153 498 58 378 307 $ 3 . 31 2 .9 1 2. 81 4 . 16 3. 54 3. 20 - - - - - 431 4 76 2. 56 2. 87 27 - 16 - - 15 7 37 - 1 ,9 6 5 1, 351 3. 14 572 2. 88 107 1 103 41 4 18 38 3. 55 5 64 17 8 3. 54 210 42 154 55 3. 3. 3. 3. 63 58 57 74 126 2. 95 3. 51 _ - - 69 55 67 29 87 14 24 257 146 69 50 16 382 4. 3. 3. 3. 2. 129 74 - 2 60 60 4 367 11 48 74 18 11 31 8 08 10 44 01 96 56 99 71 10 18 2 121 5 2 44 " 12 73 1 1 58 - 1 32 - 1, 116 2. 43 16 2. 76 181 31 17 78 75 80 23 59 3 i 9 1 " 4 - - 17 - „ 17 53 17 202 1 49 13 44 13 17 2 7 72 1 122 105 137 233 232 256 256 284 140 116 28 32 8 3 120 167 85 24 4 4 1 2 1 2 _ _ . . _ _ 12 4 80 125 180 150 259 131 . 23 10 31 38 78 63 44 68 46 9 162 5 1 15 10 4 9 6 8 14 2 11 15 1 1 - 1 - 6 4 1 - 51 2 2 14 4 38 2 29 10 14 3 62 1 2 14 37 2 29 19 2 4 18 1 4 5 7 - 4 10 10 46 3 - 27 42 15 5 22 2 9 1 1 2 _ _ _ 43 - 9 - 25 12 1 1 . 1 8 . _ _ _ _ . 8 1 6 _ 4 - - - 4 - - 173 24 . . . 15 59 147 4 83 68 9 10 67 20 . 8 5 89 59 6 - 1 - 5 - - - 3 - - - - 3 - - - 3 - - - 3 - - 3 - - - 6 - - - 19 2 - 105 - - 3 . - _ _ _ 3 _ 1 1 _ - - - - - - - 1 1 22 110 58 6 89 17 16 20 24 250 - - - 6 145 - - 1 78 1 4 136 430 1 - 9 1 24 7 7 38 96 _ _ _ 10 206 14 1 103 20 42 - 26 2 133 - 14 3 - 53 6 - 54 5 - 103 2 - 10 - - 5 1 T h e M in n e a p o lis — t. P a u l S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s i s t s o f A n o k a , D a k o ta , S 2 E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h ift s . 4 2 5 - . . 2. 64 27 9 2 57 11 W om en A s s e m b le r s , c la s s C J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s ............ . M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B 24 3 6 7 7 4. 27 265 76 798 585 32 80 151 90 13 - 3. 24 225 45 _ - 16 6 - H e n n e p in , 10 R a m sey, and W a s h in g to n C o u n t ie s . _ Table 17. Occupational Earnings: Newark and Jersey City, NJ. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , N o v e m b e r 1 96 8) N U M B E R OF W O RK ER S R E C E IV IN G ST R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n and s e x Number of workers Average hourly earn in js 2 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 U nder and and $ 1 .8 0 u n d er $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $4.00 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 o v e r M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A --------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B --------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C -----------C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ----E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e — I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A --------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B --------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C --------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and 666 674 440 25 132 255 270 130 $3. 3. 2. 3. 4. 3. 3. 3. 55 30 77 46 16 48 37 19 231 20 - 25 5 - - 32 - 250 307 1 51 29 - 13 41 33 - 22 89 21 - 15 38 4 1 " 2 9 29 13 25 2 3 10 9 12 28 1 - 34 4 8 4 9 6 21 18 7 60 22 20 - - 2. 77 5 4 5 " 5 34 - 37 3 5 88 26 51 39 21 31 2 3 16 23 - 46 49 66 10 3 96 8 " 167 7 4 6 3 4 57 97 56 9 20 32 152 144 61 9 6 16 58 18 - 97 12 7 16 20 - _ 84 2 6 “ 4 " - 23 34 1 3 - 1 62 - 2 - 11 L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A -----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s . p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B -----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C -----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m (o p e ra te 1 type ox m a criincJ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) -----M a c h in is t s , p r o d u c t io n -------M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e -----P o l i s h e r s and b u f f e r s , m e t a l --------------------------------------P o li s h i n g - a n d b u ffi n g m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ------------P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s B ---------------------------------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s 1 , 397 3. 57 - - - - 2 2 4 30 13 175 6 30 63 32 104 94 199 127 348 176 122 38 94 83 118 720 328 2 2 8 - - 1 ,9 6 4 3. 55 - - - - - 26 4 19 19 61 50 60 57 110 64 97 52 461 2. 64 - - 18 20 48 25 24 20 87 17 34 33 52 11 21 17 8 8 5 1 12 “ “ - 373 4. 12 12 4 14 1 34 43 42 17 36 1 1 69 30 3 1 30 29 3. 52 3 .32 3. 58 32 32 1 6 i - 15 16 1 14 24 29 47 20 1 98 6 20 6 1 6 6 2 43 21 3 _ • 6 1 " " 3 6 " - - 17 - - - - - - - - 116 2. 96 - - - - 12 4 16 1 433 2. 75 - 6 - - 38 77 62 65 50 3. 705 T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than j o b b i n g ) -------------------------T o o l c l e r k s -----------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A -------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B -------- 14 36 2 4. 11 3 .0 3 3. 72 3. 34 9 498 4 55 2. 86 2. 60 2. 27 12 2 12 2 11 - 4 2 6 5 2 - 3 3 - 19 " 4 17 32 * - - ~ - 1 - - - 3. 19 3 20 12 17 - 2 4 1 3 5 _ _ 33 6 31 4 56 12 - - - - - 24 - 7 _ - - - - - - - - - - 10 _ _ 94 75 34 7 2 93 6 - - _ _ - - 24 76 - - _ _ - - - - - 4 4 14 8 10 6 13 4 23 15 17 10 3 12 10 3. 95 316 121 336 128 - 3 12 6 26 15 49 72 85 199 147 76 1 5 11 5 54 8 i 24 3 15 11 2 25 1 38 47 61 74 44 13 - “ - - 6 - - - 75 3 17 3 68 6 2 3 - 3 30 6 6 - - - - - - - - " 4 2 - - - - - - - - 36 13 a 3 14 8 1 3 80 - W om en A s s e m b le rs , A s s e m b le rs , A s s e m b le rs , M a c h in e -to o l p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A --------------c l a s s B --------------c l a s s C --------------o p era tors, c l a s s B --------------- 5 45 _ 12 52 4 ‘ 1 2 3 4 77 1 17 2 - 66 2 - 21 1 ' T h e N e w a r k and J e r s e y C ity S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a s c o n s is t o f E s s e x , H u d s o n , M o r r i s , and U n ion C o u n t ie s . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la t e s h i ft s . A l l w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 4 . 80 to $ 5 . - 5 1 - - 12 - 1 2 9 70 - Q Table 18. Occupational Earnings: New York, N .Y .1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , S e p t e m b e r 1 968) N U M B E R OF W O RK ER S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n and s e x Number of workers Average $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 hourly . earningB L and and under $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 o v e r M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A ----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ----------E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e -I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A ------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B ------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C ------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and 851 758 9 94 48 174 178 138 $3. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 2. 51 79 32 61 52 10 16 _ _ _ 39 36 124 35 91 1 60 90 25 43 33 60 20 1 33 54 7 24 43 6 146 19 47 5 1 - 2 34 6 22 2 2 25 4 2 9 5 1 23 7 6 1 3 2 8 12 53 19 23 30 21 37 37 15 20 50 38 15 51 21 53 6 57 41 15 2 4 - - - - - - 8 4 12 22 32 13 70 276 676 4 14 168 144 11 16 83 109 154 220 156 131 55 10 - - - 9 27 32 10 41 6 - - 2 - - 3 8 3 2 1 2 8 27 3 5 3 5 28 2 16 14 18 13 59 6 31 2 3 16 3 18 48 1 34 8 18 3 10 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 12 - - - 6 2. 22 16 40 4 74 2. 38 30 19 1 ,8 6 9 _ 3. 55 1 ,5 1 3 2. 92 - 1 ,2 8 6 2. 28 44 136 46 196 60 3. 3. 3. 3. _ _ _ 56 128 19 _ - _ 28 248 14 291 L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g -------------------------------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A ----------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B ----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C ----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m ( o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) ----M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e — M a c h i n i s t s , p r o d u c t io n -------M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e ----P o li s h i n g - and b u ffin g m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ------------------P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s B ---------------------------------------------------S etu p m e n , m a c h in e t o o l s — T o o l and d ie m a k e r s _ 6 - - - 2 28 71 39 79 140 113 42 115 104 121 171 20 6 39 62 149 70 36 2 1 3 27 2. 29 - - 7 124 107 2. 24 3. 74 - - - 243 4. 2. 3. 2. 2 - 3 27 126 118 29 11 23 23 307 37 4 17 26 16 201 4 4 39 28 101 2 1 13 26 9 6 2 2 11 - 14 5 - 2 - 4 1 - - 2 - - - - 2 - 1 - - - - - - - - 7 4 - _ - - - - 5 6 6 - - - - - - 1 - - - 15 8 10 i 2 4 1 - 5 5 - - - 1 2 - 4 2 12 12 1 19 1 10 26 2 29 74 40 29 22 2 33 2 29 37 33 28 - 87 37 - 35 10 - 6 - 4 - 4 - 13 3 _ - _ - _ - _ 1 - 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 .9 9 251 82 223 332 40 20 31 11 9 24 19 123 57 73 61 26 30 46 17 1 20 4 2 6 31 - 14 - 24 T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r T o o l c l e r k s ----------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A ----W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B ----W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , 30 03 80 69 74 - - - - - - 17 - 4 - - 15 - - - - 2 12 14 17 16 29 49 47 3 11 30 5 52 30 6 27 4 6 19 * 10 12 2. 93 15 2 47 29 W om en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A ----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ----------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B ------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C ------------P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s, c l a s s B --------------------------------- 35 92 307 19 80 12 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 27 23 106 10 11 19 9 94 34 11 87 26 - - - 28 31 34 - - - - - - - - - - - 8 6 7 32 19 2. 11 " ” _ 1 7 ~ " 4 2 6 6 2 6 2 5 2 1 5 2 7 2 - _ _ 1 9 2 - 1 8 1 5 6 1 5 10 - - - 2 - 1 2 5 2 2 - 4 4 8 _______ 1 2 T h e N ew Y o r k S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o l it a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f N ew Y o r k C it y (5 b o r o u g h s ) , and N a s s a u , R o c k la n d , S u ffo lk , and W e s t c h e s t e r C o u n t ie s . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la t e s h i ft s . Table 19. Occupational Earnings: Philadelphia, Pa.—N.J. (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1 96 8) N U M B ER OF W O RK ER S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n and s e x Number of workers Average hourly earnings $ 1 .8 0 $1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 1U n der u nand d er and $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 over M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A -----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B -----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C -----------C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e — E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e - I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A --------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B --------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C --------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s --------------------------------L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g --------------------------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A -----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B -----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C -----------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m (o p e ra te 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) ------------------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m ( o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) -----M a c h i n i s t s , m a i n t e n a n c e ----M a c h in is t s , p r o d u c t io n -------M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e -----P o l i s h e r s and b u f f e r s , m e t a l --------------------------------------P o li s h i n g - a n d b u ffin g m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ------------P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s A ----------------------------------P u n ch -p re s s o p e ra to rs, c l a s s B ---------------------------------Setup m e n , m a c h in e t o o ls — T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ( j o b b i n g ) --------------------------------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than jo b b in g ) ------------------------T o o l c l e r k s -----------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A -----W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s B -----W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s B ------------------------------------ 1, 385 $ 3 . 24 4 2 2 50 35 31 123 133 125 331 73 17 48 22 - - 4 41 18 107 38 77 50 81 44 74 47 99 54 73 2. 76 29 55 102 868 106 16 34 5 - 1 6 535 2. 28 21 19 43 27 48 60 211 29 25 2 25 9 2 3 1 3 - 1 1 - 1 28 3. 67 - - - - - - - - - - 1 12 4 - 2 2 - 9 5 - - 3. 63 - - 102 - - - 11 34 7 8 6 2 6 4 6 6 3 14 2 6 8 8 13 1 6 93 2 2 - 4 - 7 4 1 1 - 1 - 31 2 9 27 37 13 46 12 76 24 19 2 79 152 11 35 - - - 2 2 380 3. 27 55 2. 88 - 427 3. 4 2 2 8 51 16 20 5 2 7 10 - 10 3 30 - - 1 1 - 41 1 2 1 1 - 366 2 . 59 4 6 4 26 20 1 14 14 23 80 130 9 35 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 367 2. 53 8 12 9 16 22 25 27 18 37 64 37 59 17 4 _ 12 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 ,6 5 8 3 . 51 . _ . _ _ 21 9 1 i 52 154 67 103 246 239 272 199 302 158 111 392 147 80 46 58 . . 10 2 16 10 47 97 146 55 142 74 217 62 254 181 154 104 47 69 83 58 69 66 49 44 41 34 133 118 158 60 92 34 38 24 44 32 14 10 4 8 3 2 _ 4 1 _ _ _ 1 5 3 7 23 43 9 3 3 3 3. 28 . 90 2 2. 40 4 121 3. 7 2 2 ,0 1 2 136 21 3. 55 3. 73 - - - - - 3. 7 6 125 3. 58 - - - - - - 81 3. 27 . . _ _ 8 _ 71 3. 70 _ _ _ _ _ 8 _ _ 2. 80 . . _ _ _ _ _ _ 116 8 - 3 2 8 _ _ 4 2 1 26 4 4 16 5 59 35 2 31 34 - 1 182 22 147 13 1 6 7 27 - - _ _ _ _ _ . 7 _ 1 7 8 2 3 18 _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 9 39 2 36 _ 1 2 _ 1 _ 4 _ 2 _ 3 5 12 7 5 3 3 - 31 1 4 1 . 1 5 2 3 1 1 2 7 23 21 29 2 13 10 2 - - - - 22 _ 15 10 12 49 7 63 182 82 92 28 33 48 64 43 87 16 24 10 - 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 10 8 6 7 35 18 25 3 1 4 3 - - - - - - - - 8 4 6 35 32 30 20 6 17 1 10 21 11 6 6 11 3 20 6 31 9 - 9 25 9 5 59 32 11 - 7 - 3 - 25 - - 108 - - - - - - - - 8 16 - 10 10 13 9 6 24 - - 1 6 - - - - - - - 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 8 1 1 2 5 2 3 1 2 1 1 1 " 2 4 - 2 - 1 - " 6 4 - 5 _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ - 3 9 - - - 9 24 4 1 1 2 - _ 16 2. 73 10 11 9 16 17 40 _ - 3. 15 119 3. 55 2 .9 3 21 _ 27 29 18 6 _ - 241 4. 00 2 12 - _ - 339 194 13 5 - 2 _ - . - _ 2 9 8 - _ _ 34 _ 14 2 36 - _ 3. 9 4 3 - _ 3 18 - 9 _ 595 - _ - - _ - 7 - 59 . - 3. 29 - - 16 - 2. 58 - 26 - 239 141 544 22 9 181 494 13 11 9 W om en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B -----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C -----------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A --------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C --------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s --------------------------------T o o l c l e r k s ------------------------------ 125 2. 42 2 2 8 20 6 18 44 2 5 4 446 15 2. 25 20 26 78 16 14 8 233 9 8 - - 12 23 - 4 - 4 - 2. 4 3 2 - 87 - - 10 3. 0 3 28 2 . 20 1 14 _ 2 2 . 50 4 4 4 _ 24 3 _ 8 3 12 2 1 13 _ 1 6 _ 1 - _ 1 - _ _ _ 4 ' 1 T h e P h ila d e lp h ia S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a c o n s i s t s o f B u c k s , C h e s t e r , D e la w a r e , M o n t g o m e r y , C o u n t ie s , N . J . 2 E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h ift s . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s f o l lo w s : 4 at $ 4 . 6 0 to $ 4 . 8 0 ; 8 at $ 4 . 8 0 to $ 5 ; and 6 at $ 5 and o v e r . and P h ila d e lp h ia C o u n t ie s , P a . ; a n d B u r lin g t o n , C am den, and G lo u c e s t e r Q Table 20. Occupational Earnings: Pittsburgh, Pa.1 (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , N o v e m b e r 1 96 8) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n 3 A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A ----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ----------C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e ----E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e — I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A --------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B ——--------- Number of workers 442 189 69 32 133 191 82 43 Average $ 2 .0 0 $2.10 $2.20 $2.3 0 $2.40 $2.5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $3. 00 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $3.7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $4.4 0 $4.6 0 $4.8 0 $5.0 0 hourly earningB2 and and u n d er $2.1 0 $2.20 $ 2.3 0 $2.4 0 $2.5 0 $2.6 0 $ 2.7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $4.8 0 $5.0 0 o v e r $3. 3. 2. 3. 3. 3. 3. 2. 67 27 92 88 83 78 18 85 6 - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - 3 - 9 1 - 1 3 - - 3 10 2 22 23 56 64 25 1 12 4 - 6 9 20 2 67 1 _ 12 6 18 50 8 6 10 9 - - - 18 23 12 2 41 - 33 15 76 11 44 3 82 - 6 - 1 - 6 8 53 - 4 2 13 1 6 3 21 1 5 8 - 33 10 13 11 22 10 - 4 19 12 1 27 1 - 2 6 i 12 4 45 - 18 47 12 9 39 3 8 12 38 2 18 _ 8 - - _ 12 8 - - - - 6 _ _ J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and 165 2. 65 163 2. 73 10 13 L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a to r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A -----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a to r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B -----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C ----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a to r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e ) ------------------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a to r s , to o lr o o m (o p e ra te m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) ____ M e c h a n ic s , m a i n t e n a n c e ----P o li s h i n g - and b u ffin g m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ------------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ( inHK-tnrY^ T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r T o o l c l e r k s -----------------------------W e l d e r s , hand, c l a s s A -----W e l d e r s , hand, c l a s s B -----W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s A — W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s B — 12 1, 764 3. 61 - - - - - - - 2 11 45 124 203 247 103 155 190 97 23 75 137 109 29 90 74 38 12 585 3. 21 - - - 6 12 - 12 58 28 26 110 89 83 40 - 20 15 50 - 13 8 7 5 2 1 - 148 2. 71 - 9 27 - 9 - 35 21 7 3 - 21 - - 16 23 3. 65 3 1 2 8 9 - - - - - _ - - 80 98 3. 63 3. 60 - 14 14 3 10 1 - 2 44 5 11 13 2 - 14 - 15 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 7 9 _ _ _ 52 _ - _ 22 2. 83 319 3. 2. 3. 2. 3. 2. 83 93 57 97 41 93 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6 9 10 11 - 3 80 66 23 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - 2 2 - 10 30 - 13 - 29 42 _ - " 3 22 15 12 2 64 1 18 - - - 27 5 7 57 44 5 35 24 _ _ _ _ 2 7 _ _ - 21 _ - - - 3 T h e P it t s b u r g h S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o l it a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f A l le g h e n y , B e a v e r , W a s h in g t o n , E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h ift s . D ata li m it e d to m e n w o r k e r s . 13 - 3. 75 48 66 346 100 46 17 - and W e s t m o r e la n d C o u n t ie s . 3 - _ _ _ _ - _ _ Table 21. Occupational Earnings: Portland, Oreg.—Wash.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , N o v e m b e r 1968) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— O c c u p a t io n 3 A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A ----------------------------------------------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ----------------------------------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A -------------------------------------------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s --------------------------L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d l in g --------------------------------M a c h i n e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A --------------------------------------------------------------------M a c h i n e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B --------------------------------------------------------------------M a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) ----------------------------M a c h in is t s , m a i n t e n a n c e ---------------------------------------P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , c l a s s A -------------------------T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than jo b b in g ) --------T o o l c l e r k s ----------------------------------------------------------------W e l d e r s , hand, c l a s s A -----------------------------------------W e l d e r s , hand, c l a s s B ----------------------------------------- 1 2 3 4 Number of workers 360 165 59 76 61 Average hourly . U n der earnings L $ 2 . 90 $3. 3. 4. 2. 3. $ 2 . 90 and u n d er $ 3 . 00 97 49 03 88 30 4 16 - 43 3 $ 3 . 00 $ 3 . 10 $ 3 . 20 $ 3 . 30 $ 3 . 40 $ 3 . 50 $ 3 . 60 $ 3 . 70 $ 3 . 80 $ 3 . 90 $ 4 . 00 $ 4 . 10 $ 4 . 20 $ 4 . 30 $ 4 . 40 $ 4 . 50 $ 3 . 10 $ 3 . 20 $ 3 . 30 $ 3 . 40 $ 3 . 50 $ 3 . 60 $ 3 . 70 $ 3 . 80 $ 3 . 90 $ 4 . 00 $ 4 . 10 $ 4 . 20 $ 4 . 30 $ 4 . 40 $ 4 . 50 $ 4 . 60 73 21 8 25 - 2 2 - 84 - 30 13 - 223 38 - 10 6 - 3 2 - - - - 13 1 5 4 1 9 12 13 8 50 3 - 582 4. 02 - - - - - - - 8 9 20 14 43 397 88 3 - - 270 3. 46 - - 2 2 56 22 24 122 22 - 20 - - - - - - - 26 17 14 12 13 566 41 4. 10 4. 07 3. 78 4. 50 3. 50 3 .9 9 3. 50 - - - - - 3 - 1 1 6 5 46 3 10 4 16 3 1 - - - 6 21 - - 10 - - 1 - - 3 - 8 - - “ 1 5 5 1 95 “ T h e P o r t la n d S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a tis t ic a l a r e a c o n s is t s o f C la c k a m a s , M u ltn o m a h , a n d W a sh in g to n C o u n t ie s , O r e g . ; and C la r k C o u n ty , W a sh . E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la t e s h ift s . A l l w o r k e r s w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . D ata li m it e d t o m e n w o r k e r s . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 5 at $ 2 to $ 2 . 10; 2 a t $ 2 . 30 to $ 2 . 40; 3 a t $ 2 . 50 to $ 2 . 6 0 ; 1 a t $ 2 . 60 to $ 2 . 7 0; and 5 a t $ 2 . 70 t o $ 2 . 80. 13 13 2 2 404 " “ G) Table 22. Occupational Earnings: St. Louis, Mo.—111.1 (N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , N o v e m b e r 1 96 8) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A R N IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n and s e x Number of workers Average $ 2 .1 0 $ 2.2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 $ 5 .2 0 hourly earnings 2 and and u n d er $ 2 .2 0 $ 2.3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 $ 5 .2 0 o v e r M en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A --------- — A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B --------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C - _______ E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e — I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A --------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B --------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and 434 563 467 92 88 188 $3. 3. 2. 4. 4. 3. 85 52 82 29 28 46 . 6 1 _ - 3 6 _ - - _ - - 19 7 10 80 3 14 71 90 268 3 29 _ _ 41 - 4 6 32 3 5 - 6 91 6 3 60 - - - - - - 3 10 2 9 1 - 7 - 5 11 5 21 5 12 8 4 15 7 30 195 20 42 22 20 28 2 - - i - 2 15 6 10 97 20 125 41 54 31 27 5 - 2 - - 12 - 3 209 2. 74 420 2. 82 1, 056 4. 33 1 - - - - - 734 3. 68 - - - 3 15 12 19 29 12 129 2. 98 - - - 5 4 3 27 25 39 57 4 . 08 218 57 4 . 56 4 . 17 67 4. 24 226 3. 75 11 12 7 13 6 1 6 3 24 1 95 23 1 _ 163 12 1 7 1 1 32 - 12 19 27 31 3 - 1 5 84 1 14 11 1 16 - - - 89 34 1 16 1 - 33 10 9 44 62 217 16 28 25 - - 1 - 15 19 _ 4 21 - 22 1 8 1 20 10 2 32 2 1 6 - 3 14 1 1 108 173 62 105 45 77 105 49 26 5 9 25 - - - 1 2 - 29 1 - 1 - - _ _ - - L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A ________ M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B -----------M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C - ----------M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e 1 ty p e M a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o lr o o m (o p e ra te m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h in e )____ M a c h i n i s t s , m a in t e n a n c e ----M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e -----P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s A - ______ _______________ P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , 8 11 - - - - - - - - - 91 3. 10 3. 98 2 . 86 17 680 23 283 3. 3. 3. 2. - - - 7 6 6 11 2 - - 2 - - 14 2 9 5 131 12 17 4 5 36 25 14 68 1 _ - - - - - - - 4 6 12 30 10 10 _ 18 18 3 23 2 46 14 5 17 - 9 7 - 13 - _ _ 3 - 3 _ 1 46 9 16 _ _ _ 20 5. 18 45 395 61 41 - 4 . 03 352 - 2 22 S etu p m e n , m a c h in e t o o l s — T o o l and d ie m a k e r s 17 10 _ 249 T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r T o o l c l e r k s -----------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A _____ W e l d e r s , m a c h in e , c l a s s B — _ _ - - 1 - - 3 6 1 3 2 - 5 4 - - 10 - 25 4 25 2 3 11 1 - - - - - 10 1 42 - 2 4 6 1 1 14 4 69 1 5 5 7 10 3 4 _ _ 1 2 5 1 1 9 18 15 3 1 71 49 10 11 2 14 1 15 _ _ 42 20 “ “ 14 12 - _ _ _ . 32 4 - 9 5 “ 2 154 48 1 37 _ _ 25 62 1 1 - W om en A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B -----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ________ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B __________ I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s C --------------- 21 27 23 86 _ _ _ _ 9 - 126 - - 34 - 3 2 _ 3 4 73 - - - - 89 11 1 1 “ ___ 1 and St. 2 3 4 _ 150 “ T h e St. L o u is S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o l it a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f the c i t y o f St. L o u is ; the c o u n t ie s o f F r a n k lin , C l a i r , 111. E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and fo r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te s h i ft s . I n c lu d e s 6 w o r k e r s at $ 1. 80 to $ 1. 9 0 . W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 71 at $ 5. 20 to $ 5 . 4 0 and 26 at $ 5 . 6 0 to $ 5 . 8 0 . _ _ 14 2 3 J e ffe r s o n , St. C h a rle s, 3 and St. 6 L o u is , M o ; and the c o u n t ie s o f M a d is o n Table 23. Occupational Earnings: San Francisco—Oakland, Calif.1 (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , S e p t e m b e r 1968) N U M B E R OF W O RK ER S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R LY E A RN IN G S OF— O c c u p a t io n and s e x Number of workers Average $ 2.7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .1 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .3 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .5 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .7 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 4 .9 0 $ 5 .0 0 hourly earnings2 U n der and $ 2 .7 0 under $ 2.8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .1 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .3 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .5 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .7 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 4 .9 0 $ 5 .0 0 o v e r M en 28 36 A « ha '■'lriec C C a r p e n t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e --------------^ J ^ e c t ^ r T ^ c l f ^ s s fC J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s — L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g —— — M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o - 226 8 M a c h e ’ sts* P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , cla s s B — T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ( j o b b i n g ) -----T o o l a n d d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r than 85 128 3. 06 3. 21 3. 52 1 - 30 4 4 1 2 1 30 27 11 10 4 52 22 - 41 3 - 23 1 A - 12 4 3. 21 5. 29 332 - 2. 89 3. 06 _ - - 20 - 87 3 4. 17 147 28 107 190 24 38 - - - _ _ 32 11 5 23 80 4 42 24 34 403 121 19 18 75 11 12 - - - - 40 - - - - - - - 266 41 19 40 40 29 32 26 74 113 147 2 6 2 - 10 1 6 147 40 ' 5 1 " J ' - 4 . 40 473 i - 16 48 4 14 54 T oo1 ] W Id 96 15 4. 41 848 M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B --------------------------- - 169 146 20 19 7 154 11 67 20 12 196 10 13 W om en b le s c l a s s B M a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 $ 5 .7 0 ; T h e San F r a n c i s c o —O a k la n d S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k A l l w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 5 . 2 0 to $ 5 . 3 0 . A l l w o r k e r s w e r e at $ 6 to $ 6 . 10. W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as f o l l o w s : 12 at $ 5 . 10 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d as f o l l o w s : 24 at $ 5 . 1 0 W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d as f o l l o w s : 23 at $ 5 to 4 at $ 5 . 7 0 to $ 5 . 8 0 ; and 2 at $ 5 . 9 0 to $ 6 . 76 51 25 10 15 S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s i s t s o f A la m e d a , C o n t r a C o s t a , M a r in , San F r a n c i s c o , and San M a t e o C o u n t ie s . on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h i f t s . V i r t u a ll y a ll w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y the stu d y w e r e p a id on a t im e b a s is . to $ 5 . 2 0 to $ 5 . 2 0 ; $ 5 . 1 0 ; 97 and 11 at $ 6 . 5 0 to $ 6 . 6 0 . 88 at $ 5 . 2 0 to $ 5 . 3 0 ; 11 at $ 5 . 4 0 to $ 5 . 5 0 ; 12 at $ 5 . 5 0 to $ 5 . 6 0 ; and 12 a t $ 5 . 6 0 at $ 5 . 1 0 to $ 5 . 2 0 ; 4 at $ 5 . 2 0 to $ 5 . 3 0 ; 4 at $ 5 . 3 0 to $ 5 . 4 0 ; 8 at $ 5 . 4 0 to $ 5 . 5 0 ; to $ 5 . 7 0 . 2 at $ 5 . 5 0 to $ 5 . 6 0 ; 10 at $ 5 .6 0 to G) Table 24. Occupational Earnings: Worcester, Mass. (N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b l is h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1968) N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H OU R LY E A R N IN G S OF— A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s A ----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s B ----------A s s e m b l e r s , c l a s s C ----------C a r p e n t e r s , m a in t e n a n c e — E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e — I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A ------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B ------------J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and Average hourly earnings 304 196 46 7 36 109 59 $ 3 . 47 3. 06 2. 92 3. 43 3. 45 3. 27 3 .0 7 91 O c c u p a t io n 3 Number of workers $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 and and u n d er $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 o v e r 2. 46 - 1 - - - - - - - 17 5 9 2 1 29 3 5 5 17 9 26 7 34 25 4 13 22 1 1 - - - - 1 1 3 3 4 - 16 2 10 7 23 3 9 19 11 23 25 14 10 6 38 15 1 1 13 12 - 43 3 1 41 7 - 11 - 27 19 4 2 3 8 2 11 19 - 33 2 1 3 5 - 13 1 _ 2 2 7 - 23 9 1 2 5 - - 11 2 4 2 1 2 2 _ _ _ _ 2 _ _ 1 _ 3 - - _ _ _ _ 1 1 - _ _ _ _ 2 - _ 1 _ _ 8 1 4 1 _ - _ . _ _ _ L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l 75 M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s A ----------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s B ----------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , p r o d u c t io n , c l a s s C ----------M a ch in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , t o o l r o o m (o p e r a t e m o r e than 1 ty p e o f m a c h i n e ) ----M a c h i n i s t s , p r o d u c t i o n -----M e c h a n ic s , m a in t e n a n c e ----P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , c l a s s A --------------------------------Setu p m e n , m a c h in e t o o l s — T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ( j o b b i n g ) -------------------------------T o o l and d ie m a k e r s (o t h e r T o o l c l e r k s ----------------------------W e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A ----- 2. 53 1 ,0 0 3 3. 35 - - - - 4 5 13 24 52 96 56 86 152 97 140 75 37 62 15 33 20 15 9 5 2 5 462 3. 01 - - - 7 15 27 27 88 42 74 62 18 18 22 12 11 8 5 7 7 3 4 1 - 2 2 115 2. 59 - 4 14 10 14 12 14 23 16 6 1 1 11 84 30 3. 52 3. 35 3. 38 2 6 6 - - 5 14 3 1 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 - - - 1 - - 30 11 1 3 6 - 26 2 - - - - - - - - - - 14 33 3. 26 3. 49 - - - - - 2 1 - 6 3 6 4 2 2 2 1 1 3 _ _ _ 1 1 _ - 3 - - 2 - - 3 1 1 - _ _ _ 111 3. 39 - - - - - - - - 7 4 13 9 12 29 10 4 - 5 5 - - - - - 68 39 43 3. 53 2. 62 3. 55 6 7 1 4 1 - - - 25 2 2 - 13 - 40 - - 5 4 6 2 3 _________ 12 2 3 U ____ 1 3 3 1 3 _ 6 9 _________ T h e W o r c e s t e r S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f the c i t y o f W o r c e s t e r , and the to w n s o f A u b u r n , B e r li n , B o y ls t o n , B r o o k f i e ld , E a s t B r o o k f i e l d , G r a ft o n , L e i c e s t e r , M i ll b u r y , N o r t h b o r o u g h , N o r t h b r id g e , N o r th B r o o k fi e ld , O x f o r d , P a x t o n , S h r e w s b u r y , S p e n c e r , S t e r l in g , S u tton , U p ton , W e s t b o r o u g h , and W e s t B o y ls t o n in W o r c e s t e r C ou n ty . E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la t e s h i ft s . 3 D a ta li m it e d to m e n w o r k e r s . - H o ld e n , Table 25. Method o f Wage Payment in 21 Areas: ( P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g Plant Workers b y m e t h o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t , S e p t e m b e r —N o v e m b e r 1968) N orth ea st M e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t 1 South H a r t f o r d - N e w a rk New and B u f N ew P h i l a P i t t s B o s to n fa lo B r it a in — J e r s e y Y o r k d e lp h ia b u r g h B r is to l C ity W o r c e s B a lt i ter m ore W est N o r th C e n t r a l D a lla s H ou s ton C h i ca go C le v e la n d D e t r o it M il w au k ee M in n e a p o l is — St. P a u l St. L o u is L os A n g e le s San L on g B e a c h P o r t F ra n D en a n d A n a h e im — la n d cis c o — ver Santa A n a O ak la n d G arden G rov e A l l w o r k e r s _______________ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 T i m e - r a t e d w o r k e r s — ___ F o r m a l p la n __________________ S in g le r a t e -------------------------R a n g e o f r a t e s ____________ I n d iv id u a l r a t e s ______________ 91 67 16 51 25 78 63 23 40 16 73 56 13 43 18 83 56 17 39 28 90 42 8 33 48 87 65 15 50 22 79 62 36 26 17 81 74 18 55 8 83 68 5 63 15 96 74 6 68 22 95 80 8 71 15 85 62 10 52 23 81 61 10 51 20 97 78 36 42 19 70 66 12 54 4 97 86 25 61 12 82 81 28 53 1 93 82 25 56 11 98 62 6 56 35 100 94 78 16 6 99 86 79 6 14 9 22 5 16 1 27 12 17 (2 ) 13 3 10 5 3 3 13 1 2 9 ( 2) 21 3 7 11 19 4 12 3 17 1 14 3 4 4 - 5 5 30 9 4 11 6 3 3 - 7 7 - 2 - _ (2 ) 19 7 2 8 3 18 " 15 8 1 5 2 I n c e n t iv e w o r k e r s — — ______ I n d iv id u a l p i e c e w o r k ------------G r o u p p i e c e w o r k _____________ I n d iv id u a l b o n u s ______________ G r o u p b o n u s _________________ - 8 1 (2 ) 11 3 1 F o r d e f in it io n s o f m e t h o d s o f w a g e p a y m e n t , s e e a p p e n d ix A . 2 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B ecau se o f r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n ot e q u a l t o t a l s . 3 (2 ) (2 ) 2 1 (2 ) 1 12 5 “ (2 ) 1 1 - - (2 ) (2 ) W Table 26. Scheduled Weekly Hours in 21 Areas: Plant Workers (P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s by s c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s , 1 S e p t e m b e r —N o v e m b e r 1 96 8) S outh N o r th e a s t W e e k ly h o u r s H a r t f o r d - N e w a rk and New P h il a B u f N ew B o s to n fa lo B r it a in — J e r s e y Y o r k d e lp h ia B r is to l C ity 100 100 100 100 . . . 70 - - 19 1 14 13 2 15 - Table 27. B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , C le v e D e t r o it la n d M in n e M il a p o l is — w a u k ee St. P a u l St. L o u is 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 . . . . _ _ _ _ . . . . . . 84 2 3 12 9 54 25 2 12 37 51 3 1 2 7 52 6 42 77 8 3 15 59 4 6 2 29 52 4 12 3 29 66 4 2 28 4 61 9 10 81 1 13 5 92 8 91 - 75 1 10 14 76 2 7 2 13 - 7 2 12 18 52 4 14 (2 ) 12 s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y not e q u a l Scheduled Weekly Hours in 21 Areas: C h i ca go 100 1 D a ta r e la t e to the p r e d o m in a n t w o r k s c h e d u le fo r f u l l- t im e d a y -s h i ft w o r k e r s 2 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . 3 A b o u t o n e - t h i r d w e r e in p la n ts w h ic h had a 5 0 - h o u r s c h e d u le . NOTE: H ou s ton 1 1 77 - 65 3 8 4 19 D a lla s W est L os A n g e le s San L ong B ea ch D en P o rt F ra n a n d A n a h e im — ver la n d c is c o — S a n ta A n a O a k la n d G arden G rove 100 . 66 A l l w o r k e r s ____________ - — U n d e r 37 V2 h o u r s ------------------------3772 and u n d e r 40 h o u r s -----------40 h o u r s - ___ __________ __________ _ _ O v e r 40 and u n d er 45 h o u r s -----45 h o u r s ___________________________ O v e r 45 and u n d e r 48 h o u r s -----48 h o u r s and o v e r - --------------------- P i t t s W o r c e s B a lt i ter m ore b u rg h N o r th C e n t r a l (2 ) 16 9 1 100 100 4 96 - 2 98 _ in e a c h e s t a b l is h m e n t . 100. Office Workers ( P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e w o r k e r s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y s c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s , 1 S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1 96 8) N N orth ea st W e e k ly h o u r s A ll w o r k e r s —___________ South H a r t f o r d - N e w a rk N ew P h il a B u f and New B o s to n fa lo B r it a in — J e r s e y Y o r k d e lp h ia C ity B r is to l 100 100 10 15 75 1 U n d er 3 7 '/2 h o u r s ------------------------3772 and u n d er 40 h o u r s ________ 40 h o u r s ----------------------------------------O v e r 40 and u n d er 45 h o u r s ___ 45 h o u r s _________________________ O v e r 45 and u n d e r 48 h o u r s ____ 48 h o u r s and o v e r _______________ (2 ) (2 ) - 99 - - 100 (2 ) 1 91 7 (2 ) - 100 P i t t s W o r c e s B a lt i b u rg h m ore ter N o r th C e n t r a l D a lla s H ou s ton C h i ca go 100 - 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 28 47 25 3 5 91 _ _ . 2 6 94 4 96 6 86 - 2 7 87 3 - - - - - 10 13 77 (2 ) - - - (2 ) - - - 8 - - 97 2 2 16 81 (2 ) - - 1 W est M in n e C le v e M il D e t r o it a p o l is — la n d w a u k ee St. P a u l 100 (2 ) 5 94 1 (2 ) 100 3 92 2 1 _ 1 100 (2 ) 8 91 _ 100 _ 98 1 (2 ) (2 ) 1 <2 ) St. L o u is 100 20 80 _ _ _ L os A n g e le s San L on g B ea ch D en P o r t F ra n and A n a h e im — ver land cis c o — S anta A n a O ak la n d G arden G rove 100 _ 99 _ _ 1 100 (2 ) 1 98 _ _ _ 100 100 1 99 _ _ _ 4 1 95 _ . _ (2 ) ' 1 D ata r e la t e to the p r e d o m in a n t w o r k s c h e d u le fo r fu l l - t i m e 2 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , d a y -s h i ft w o r k e r s s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y not e q u a l 100. in e a c h e s t a b l is h m e n t . Table 28. Shift Differential Provisions in 21 Areas: Plant Workers (P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa ctu rin g e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y s h ift d i f f e r e n t ia l p r o v i s i o n s , 1 S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1968) N N o r th e a s t S h ift d i f f e r e n t ia l H a r t f o r d - N ew a rk B u f N ew and B o s to n fa lo B r it a in — J e r s e y B r is t o l C ity S outh N ew P h i l a Y o r k d e lp h ia P i t t s Wo r c e s - B a lt i b u rg h te r m ore D a lla s N orth C en tra l H ou s ton C h i ca g o C le v e land 88. 4 88. 4 80. 1 17. 2 1 .4 16. 1 6. 1 33. 7 3. 7 1. 9 8. 3 82. 5 82. 5 40. 1 8. 2 2. 5 6. 4 6. 9 8. 7 2. 9 1. 8 2. 6 32. 1 86. 4 86. 4 65. 6 D e tro it W est M in n e M il a p o lis — w a u k ee St. P a u l St. L o u is L os A n g e le s San L ong B ea ch D en P o r t F ra n and A n a h e im — la n d ver c is c o — Santa A n a O a k la n d G arden G rov e S e c o n d sh ift W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v ing s e c o n d - s h i f t p r o v i s i o n s -----W ith s h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l ------------U n ifo r m c e n t s p e r h o u r ----U n d er 8 ___________________ 8 ___________________ _______ O v e r 8 and u n d e r 10____ 10 ............................................... 1 1 ................ .............................. 12 o r 1Z V 2 ____ _________ O v e r I 2 V2 and u n d e r 15__ 15 ........................................... O v e r 15 and u n d e r Z0 ___ 2 0 _________________________ O v e r Z0 and u n d e r 2 5 ----2 5 ............................................... O v e r 2 5 ___________________ U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e -----------U n d e r 5 ___________________ O v e r 5 and u n d e r 1 0 ____ 1 0 ............................................... O ve r 1 0 ___________________ O th e r f o r m a l pay d i f f e r e n t i a l 2 ---------------------W ith n o s h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l -------- 7 7 .7 87. 6 82. 5 62. 1 13. 4 2. 6 2. 5 35. 9 _ 4. 5 3. 2 20. 3 82. 5 82. 5 34. 2 2. 8 1. 7 14. 2 3. 0 1. 4 5. 7 5. 5 45. 9 76. 2 20. 7 7. 5 . 7 10. 1 .4 1. 9 53. 8 10. 6 3. 3 4. 2 _ . 8 . 9 1. 4 46. 2 37. 0 5. 5 1. 5 1 3 .4 5. 4 - 15. 9 28. 1 1. 9 - 14. 6 39. 2 - 1. 0 27. 3 17. 9 10. 7 . 6 5. 1 2. 4 - 1. 8 1. 5 1. 2 - - 74. 3 74. 3 27. 6 1. 0 12. 2 3. 2 1. 0 2. 0 1 .4 1. 4 5. 5 44. 3 6. 3 37. 9 - 67. 8 67. 1 19. 5 1. 0 14. 5 . 7 1. 0 .4 1. 9 46. 3 46. 3 - - - - - - - 47. 1 47. 1 7. 3 2. 5 . 8 1. 6 . 9 1. 4 39. 8 19. 1 4. 8 15. 9 - 9. 9 - 2 .4 1. 2 . 7 77 .4 76. 7 2 3 .4 _ 10. 8 2. 3 _ 3. 0 2. 7 4. 6 42. 6 - 57.9 57.9 84. 1 84. 1 24. 8 .4 8. 4 4. 4. 2. 1. 2. 59. 7 6 9 1 7 3 3. 6 54. 2 1. 5 - 92 .1 91.7 88. 79. 44. 25. . 4. 3. 9. 8 50. 5 16. 1 6. 0 6. 6 5. 2 16. 8 4 1 .2 88. 85. 6. 6. 78. 2. 1 7. 7 - 6. 1 1. 7 33. 4 - 36. 8 5. 2 36. 5 - 3. 3 - 8 1 6 8 8 0 8 91.7 9 2 8 7 7 .0 77.0 7 5 .4 9.5 8 5 42. 2. 4. 11. 5. - 6 2 1 3 8 14. 4 1. 0 15. 6 12. 0 15. 0 1 .4 . 6 2. 2 13. 5 89. 2 87. 8 52. 4 . 9 1. 8 8. 3 1. 4 8. 2 9. 4 22. 3 35. 4 94. 6 82. 9 . 5 32. 8 2. 5 9. 7 20. 0 15. 1 2. 4 1 1. 7 9 0 7 5 1. 2 2. 6 9. 7 - 2 1 .6 12. 1 1. 7 - 7. 0 4. 4 . 2 7. 2 ( 3) 1 .4 . " - 8. 3 - 3. 7 1. 6 - 10. 3 - - - 8 1 .3 8 1 .3 8. 5 1 .4 3. 1 2. 3 1. 7 72. 8 31. 6 31. 6 31. 6 2. 1 12. 9 4. 1 2. 2 4. 4 5. 8 - 70. 4 70. 4 63. 7 1. 4 15. 7 43. 3 1 .4 1. 9 2. 2 - - - - 34. 5 - 2. 5 70. 3 - - 1. 0 1. 0 1. 5 - . 3. 25. 2. 94.9 8 5 3 5 1 5 1 86. 1 86. 1 27. 1 4. 0 10. 4 1. 2 6. 9 2. 7 6 1. 9 59. 0 9 2 .4 9 2 .4 78. 36. 1. 18. . 14. 1. 6. 1 1. 8 : 4.4 7 .2 - 20. 3. 30. 4. 4 4 8 4 2 5 0 0 78. 75. 61. . - 2 17. 3 3. 1 22. 9 14. 4 1. 1 15. 7 2. 7 5. 7 89. 88. 49. 1. 19. 94. 8 94. 8 4. 9 4. 9 19. 9 9 0 .3 90.3 11. 9. 2. 6. 8 6 2 36. 6 - 3. 1 3 .6 6 .4 1 4 1. 7 . 6 2. 6 - 2. 9 . 7 8. 1 3. 1 70. 0 79. 8 79. 8 2 1 .3 4. 3 4. 9 _ 12. 0 46. 3 45. 2 14. 5 .3 8. 4 72. 7 72. 7 5. 0 5. 0 83. 83. 6. 1. . 4. - 67. 7 77. 2 36. 6 2.0 - - - 72. 6 72. 6 62. 0 4. 4 4. 2 39. 6 2. 0 4. 4 1. 5 5. 9 10. 6 10. 6 - 8 1 .7 8 1 .7 13. 9 1. 2 8. 1 2. 7 1. 9 54. 6 . 9 3 .4 50. 2 - 36. 6 - 12. 6 - 13. 2 21. 9 " " . 3 9 7 2 3 8 _ _ 14. 9 5. 0 1. 9 4. 9 7 1 .7 - - T h ir d o r o t h e r la te s h ift W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v ing t h i r d - o r o t h e r la t e sh ift p r o v is i o n s --------------------------W ith s h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l _________ U n ifo r m c e n t s p e r h o u r ----U n d e r 10 -------------------------1 0 _________________________ O v e r 10 a n d u n d e r 1 5 ----1 5 ............................................... O v e r 15 a n d u n d e r 1 8 ----18 O v e r 18 a n d u n d e r 2 0 ___ 20 O v e r 20 a n d u n d e r 2 5 ----25 _________________________ O v e r 2 5 ___________________ U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ________ U n d e r 7 ___ ____________ 7 ........... ....................................... O v e r 7 a n d u n d e r 1 0 ......... 10 ............................................ O v e r 10 a n d u n d e r 15____ 1 5 ......... .......................... O ve r 1 5 ___________________ O th e r f o r m a l pay d i f f e r e n t i a l 2 ______________ W ith n o s h i ft d i f f e r e n t i a l -------- 1 2 3 60. 0 60. 0 12. 3 2. 3 1. 5 2. 8 _ _ 3. 0 2. 7 . 37. 0 _ 18. 9 4. 7 13. 4 10. 7 - 62. 62. 37. 2. 5. - 6 6 7 6 7 29. 4 _ 15. 1 15. 1 - - 63. 1 63. 1 15. 5 1. 8 4. 6 5. 2 1. 1 2. 7 46. 2 41. 8 1. 5 2. 9 - 82. 7 82. 7 7 1 .7 4 6. 4 18. 1 7. 2 1. 5 9. 8 2. 1 7. 7 - 82. 5 82. 5 48. 0 13. 5 3. 5 2. 4 6. 6 22. 0 34. 5 - - - - 1. 3 - " B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n o t e q u a l t o t a ls . 84. 4 84. 4 6 1 .2 1. 5 19. 6 9. 2 3. 7 2. 5 17. 7 . 8 6. 4 10. 6 . 2 3. 7 6. 7 - - - - - 74. 3 74. 3 5 1. 6 6. 3 1. 5 16. 3 2. 7 3. 0 6. 9 8. 9 4. 4 1. 7 12. 2 - 2. 2 - - 4 .4 1 1. 7 10. 6 - " R e f e r s t o p o l i c i e s o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s e it h e r c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t in g la te s h ift s o r h a v in g p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g la t e s h ift s . I n c lu d e s c o m b in a t i o n p la n s s u c h a s fu ll d a y 's pay fo r r e d u c e d h o u r s , p lu s c e n t s o r p e r c e n t d i f f e r e n t ia l . L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t . NOTE: 1. 2 9. 3 74. 8 74. 8 4 1 .3 . 6 3. 9 2. 6 8. 0 .4 3. 7 21. 7 .4 32. 9 . 6 4. 6 . 6 27. 1 69. 1 69. 1 33. 9 2. 3 2. 0 6. 1 3. 7 4. 5 5. 9 4. 3 1. 8 2. 7 . 8 23. 5 . 9 18. 9 1. 4 2. 3 - - 1. 7 - . 6 - 1. 6 2. 6 * 36. 6 “ 1. 7 - 30. 7 1. 1 “ 9 9 8 0 8 9 ^ Table 29. Shift Differential Practices in 21 Areas: ( P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s Plant Workers m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y e d on la te s h ift s b y a m o u n t o f p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l , S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1968) N South N orth ea st S h ift d i f f e r e n t ia l B o s to n B u f fa lo H a r t f o r d - N ew a rk and N ew P h il a P it t s N ew B r it a in — J e r s e y Y o r k d e lp h ia b u r g h B r is t o l C ity W o r c e s B a lt i ter m ore N o r th C e n t r a l M in n e M il C le v e D e tro it a p o l is — w auk ee land St. P a u l H ou s ton C h i ca go 12. 5 12. 5 12. 4 1 .9 8. 4 .4 1. 2 . 6 - 25. 25. 23. 5. . 4. 1. 10. . . 1. 1. - 16. 4 16. 4 8. 4 1 .4 . 3 1. 8 1 .0 2. 4 . 6 . 3 . 5 5. 7 . 1 .4 4. 9 . 3 18. 8 18. 8 14. 8 .4 2. 3 .2 3. 5 3. 4 4. 0 .5 . 1 . 3 2. 8 .4 .8 1. 6 - . i - 2. 3 1. 2 D a lla s W est St. L o u is D en ver L os A n g e le s San L ong B ea ch P o rt F ra n and A n a h e im — land c is c o — S anta A n a O a k la n d G arden G rove S e c o n d s h ift W o r k e r s e m p lo y e d on s e c o n d s h i f t -----------------------------------------------R e c e iv in g s h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l — U n ifo r m c e n t s p e r h o u r — U n d er 8 --------------------------8 ---------------------------------------O v e r 8 and u n d e r 1 0 ----1 0 --------------------------------------i i --------------------------------------12 o r 12 V 2 ---------------------O v e r 12Va and u n d e r 1 5 -1 5 --------------------------------------O v e r 15 and u n d e r 2 0 ----2 0 --------------------------------------O v e r 20 and u n d e r 25 — 2 5 --------------------------------------O v e r 2 5 --------------------------U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ----------U n d er 5 --------------------------5 ---------------------------------------O v e r 5 and u n d e r 1 0 ----1 0 --------------------------------------O v e r 1 0 --------------------------O th er fo r m a l pa y d i f f e r e n t i a l 2 ---------------------R e c e iv in g no p a y d i f f e r e n t i a l ----------------------------- 8. 5 8. 4 2. 5 .6 . 3 .8 .4 .5 4. 8 3. 8 1. 1 17. 6 17. 4 13. 0 2. 8 . 2 7. 8 1. 3 .8 4. 4 . 2 2. 8 1 .4 - 1 .0 - . 1 . 3 .4 .4 .2 . 2 . 1 . 1 (*) 2. 2 2. 2 .9 - .2 5. 5. 1. . . . . . 4. - 5 5 3 2 13. 4 13. 4 5. 7 .5 .4 1 .8 .4 . 3 1 .4 .8 7. 5 7. 4 . 1 - 9. 9 9. 5 2. 2 . 5 . 2 1. 2 . 1 . 1 6 .9 2 .9 3 .9 - 2. 0 2. 1 14. 8 14. 8 3. 5 .3 .9 1 .2 .5 .2 .4 1 1 .3 .1 1 0 .9 .3 20. 7 19. 8 1 7 .4 7. 9 7. 2 1. 1 1. 2 2. 4 . 6 1 .8 - 14. 7 14. 7 6. 8 1. 4 1. 1 1. 3 1. 2 1 .8 7. 8 .9 . 3 6. 7 - 19. 6 18. 9 .4 .4 18. 5 12. 3 . 2 6. 0 - . 2 .4 (*) - - - - - .4 - .8 - 2. 0 2. 0 .4 .4 1. 1 .9 . 1 - (*) 5 1 2 3 2 (*) .7 3 3 6 1 5 2 7 7 8 6 7 7 - 20. 9 20. 8 18. 3 6. 5 .5 1 .7 4. 9 4. 2 .5 2. 6 1. 5 1. 1 (*) - . 3 2. 4 2. 4 1 .6 (* ) . 1 .7 . 2 1. 8 1. 8 . 6 (*> . i . i - (*) . 5 - . i . 3 6. 1 6. 1 4. 2 1 .0 .7 .4 1. 1 - 18. 8 18. 8 1 5 .9 7. 3 .4 3. 7 . 1 2. 3 . 3 1 .8 2. 4 1. 2 1. 2 . 5 . 1 (*) ~ 18. 0 17. 6 10. 7 .4 1 .4 . 2 1 .8 2. 0 4. 9 6. 9 4. 5 1 .9 .4 - 15. 3 15. 3 6. 3 1. 2 1. 5 .4 2. 5 . 3 .4 8. 9 5. 4 3. 5 - 24. 9 24. 8 10. 8 4. 1 . 6 5. 4 .7 13. 9 13. 9 - - . 2 19. 1 19. 1 .9 .9 5. 1 4. 1 1 .0 12. 7 12. 7 1. 7 _ .9 .8 . 6 . 2 . 5 - 1. 3 - 13. 4 12. 9 10. 4 . 1 2. 9 2. 5 . 5 . 2 .9 .9 1. 2 . 3 . 5 . 2 .2 - 13. 1 10. 2 . 6 “ 1 .1 1 .0 . 2 . 1 . 1 - 5. 5 5. 5 .2 - 1. 2 1. 2 . 3 - .2 . 3 - T h ir d o r o t h e r la t e s h ift W o r k e r s e m p lo y e d on t h ir d o r o t h e r la t e s h ift ---------------------------R e c e iv in g s h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l — U n ifo r m c e n t s p e r h o u r — U n d e r 1 0 -------------------------1 0 --------------------------------------O v e r 10 and u n d e r 15— 1 5 --------------------------------------O v e r 15 and u n d er 18— 18 ------------------------------------O v e r 18 and u n d e r 20 — 2 0 --------------------------------------O v e r 20 and u n d e r 25 — 2 5 --------------------------------------O v e r 2 5 ---------------------------U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ----------U n d e r 7 ---------------------------7 p e r c e n t ------------------------O v e r 7 and u n d e r 1 0 ----1 0 --------------------------------------O v e r 10 and u n d e r 15 — 1 5 --------------------------------------O v e r 1 5 --------------------------O th er fo r m a l pay d i f f e r e n t i a l 2 ---------------------R e c e iv in g no s h ift d i f f e r e n t ia l ----------------------------- " (*) - - (*) . 6 . 6 - _ 5. 3 5. 3 .4 .1 .2 .2 4. 8 4. 5 .2 .1 - - . 1 - - “ . 2 “ .9 1. 1 1. 1 - 1. 5 .2 1. 3 - - - . 2 " (*) 0) . 1 - . 1 . 1 - (*) (* ) 8. 1 8. 1 7. 2 3. 0 3. 2 1. 1 . 8 . 2 .6 - .8 .8 .8 . 2 . 5 . 2 - - - - - 13. 13. 13. 13. - 1 1 - - - (* ) 1 .0 .9 . 1 - - _ . 1 . 1 - (*) 1 .0 - (2 ) 1 .0 .8 .7 . 2 - - - . 2 1. 5 .8 - 1. 1 “ “ - - 1 1 L e s s than 0 .0 5 p e r c e n t . I n c lu d e s c o m b in a t i o n p la n s s u c h a s f u l l - d a y 's pay f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s , p lu s c e n t s o r p e r c e n t d i ff e r e n t ia l . N O T E : B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n ot eq u a l t o t a ls . 2 2 6 7. 3 7. 3 7. 2 " . 2 3. 1 3. 8 . 1 - 1 1 8 3 (*) . 3 (* ) (* ) 1. 1 . 1 2 .9 2 .9 2. 6 * (M 1 .4 . 1 .3 (*) . .8 .2 .2 - 2. 6 2. 6 . 3 . 1 . 2 1 .4 1 .4 .9 3. 3. 1. . . 1. - 1 1 1 3 8 1 1. 1 1 .0 (‘ ) .8 . 1 “ ' 1 2 5. 5. 2. . . . 1. 1 .1 1 .1 1 .1 1 .1 - ' 5. 3 1 .0 Table 30. Paid Holidays in 21 Areas: Plant Workers ( P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p a id h o l i d a y s , S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1968) N N orth ea st N u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s B o s to n A l l w o r k e r s -------------------------- S ou th N ew P h i l a P i t t s Y o r k d e lp h ia b u rg h W o r c e s B a lt i m ore ter N o r th C e n t r a l D a lla s H ou s ton C h i cago W est M in n e C le v e M il D e tro it a p o l is — land w aukee St. P a u l St. L o u is L os A n g e le s San L ong B ea ch D en P o rt F ra n and A n a h e im — ver la n d cis c o — S a n ta A n a O a k la n d G arden G rov e 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g p a id h o l i d a y s ------------5 d a y s ------------------------------------------6 d a y s ------------------------------------------6 d a y s p lu s 1 , 2 , o r 3 h a lf d a y s -7 d a y s ------------------------------------------7 d a y s p lu s 1 , 2 , o r 3 h a lf d a y s — 8 d a y s ------------------------------------------8 d a y s p lu s 1 , 2 , o r 3 h a lf d a y s — 9 d a y s ------------------------------------------9 d a y s p lu s 1 , 2 , o r 3 h a lf d a y s — 10 d a y s ---------------------------------------10 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s — 11 d a y s ----------------------------------------11 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s ----12 d a y s o r m o r e ----------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g n o p a id h o l i d a y s -------- 1 H a r t f o r d - N ew a rk B u f N ew and fa lo B r it a in — J e r s e y B r is to l C ity 100 5 7 4 2 49 33 - 100 1 10 2 6 18 36 2 25 - 100 1 1 5 6 3 6 34 6 23 3 9 3 100 1 1 4 3 15 2 24 10 12 5 14 3 5 100 3 5 12 3 15 5 27 9 20 2 - 100 3 3 37 5 19 3 31 - 100 2 26 33 29 10 - 100 7 7 55 2 30 - 100 28 13 8 12 33 7 - 100 6 13 11 3 44 23 - 100 20 6 7 3 18 5 31 2 7 - 97 _ 13 4 3 6 18 10 36 7 100 3 5 2 2 25 5 39 - 100 _ 100 _ 100 _ 4 _ 100 1 26 4 12 7 27 1 18 4 1 95 100 4 _ 4 _ 7 5 79 _ _ - 11 _ 73 - - 96 1 7 5 3 3 11 1 29 32 2 1 3 4 (M 2 2 6 1 16 26 24 15 6 1 “ _ " " " - - _ 19 - 10 10 7 9 7 10 46 - 27 - 37 - - _ - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 - (l ) 4 2 3 27 4 32 - 21 9 17 12 - 1 - 11 - L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: Table 31. E e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , su m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n ot e q u a l 100. Paid Holidays in 21 Areas: Office Workers ( P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e w o r k e r s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p a id h o l i d a y s , S e p t e m b e r —N o v e m b e r 1 96 8) N orth ea st N u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s B o s to n A l l w o r k e r s -------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g p a id h o l i d a y s -------------5 d a y s ------------------------------------------6 d a y s ------------------------------------------6 d a y s p lu s 1 , 2 , o r 3 h a lf d a y s — 7 d a y s ------------------------------------------7 d a y s p lu s 1 , 2 , o r 3 h a lf d a y s — 8 d a y s ------------------------------------------8 d a y s p lu s 1 , 2 , o r 3 h a lf d a y s — 9 d a y s ------------------------------------------9 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s ----10 d a y s ---------------------------------------10 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s — 11 d a y s ---------------------------------------11 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s — 12 d a y s o r m o r e ----------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id i n g n o p a id h o l id a y s ------ 1 H a r t f o r d - N e w a rk N ew B u f and fa lo B r it a in — J e r s e y B r is t o l C ity N ew P h i l a P i t t s Y o r k d e lp h ia b u r g h D a lla s H ou s ton C h i cago M in n e C le v e M il a p o l is — D e tro it la n d w aukee St. P a u l St. L o u is 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 100 3 2 4 2 1 66 22 - 100 - 100 - 100 - 100 2 5 6 5 16 1 36 7 17 5 - 100 1 2 1 21 5 11 1 57 - 100 5 6 46 1 42 - 100 22 6 7 10 48 8 - 100 3 6 9 2 59 20 - 99 12 7 7 5 16 6 35 4 7 - 99 11 4 2 8 14 4 37 4 14 - 98 100 5 2 100 4 13 5 13 10 57 - 100 1 19 3 9 7 39 2 17 1 - 99 10 2 6 81 - 100 2 - 100 5 6 3 15 12 25 34 - 100 - - 100 1 14 55 22 8 - “ “ " “ “ ” “ “ “ 1 “ (*) 1 2 2 2 15 27 23 20 8 1 “ (* ) 7 1 2 31 36 7 16 - (l ) (* ) 2 3 7 4 (M 2 2 13 2 33 30 11 9 8 15 3 4 - - - - 10 24 1 12 2 2 “ “ _ B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n o t e q u a l 100. W o r c e s B a lt i ter m ore W est L os A n g e le s San L on g B ea ch D en P o rt F ra n and A n a h e im — ver c is c o — land S anta A n a O a k la n d G arden G rov e 100 L e s s th a n 0 .5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: N o r th C e n t r a l S ou th - (*> (* ) 5 3 2 2 14 - (M 23 45 2 2 1 2 ( ') 3 11 5 46 29 (l ) 3 1 2 46 5 22 21 - - 3 1 12 2 78 6 - £ Table 32. Paid Vacations in 21 Areas: Plant Workers ( P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p a id v a c a t i o n s , S e p t e m b e r —N o v e m b e r 1968) V a c a t io n p o l i c y B o s to n A ll w o r k e r s ------------------------- N o r th C e n t r a l South N orth ea st H a r t f o r d - N e w a rk N ew and B u f B r it a in — J e r s e y fa lo B r is t o l C ity N ew P h il a P i t t s Y o r k d e lp h ia b u r g h W o r c e s B a lt i ter m ore D a lla s H ou s ton C h i ca go W e st M in n e M il C le v e D e tro it a p o l is — w auk ee land St. P a u l St. L o u is L os A n g e le s San L on g B ea ch D en P ort F ra n and A n a h e im — ver land c is c o — S a n ta A n a O a k la n d G arden G rove 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 1 100 75 25 100 96 3 1 98 69 29 - 100 81 19 - 100 100 - 100 94 6 100 89 11 100 85 15 100 92 8 100 93 7 100 99 1 100 95 5 100 68 32 - - - 99 64 35 1 100 96 4 - 100 96 1 2 100 87 13 - 100 86 8 7 100 93 7 - 100 91 9 - - - - - - - - _ 1 70 6 16 2 5 M e th o d o f p a y m e n t W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id i n g p a id v a c a t i o n s --------L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t -----P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t ------------O t h e r -------------------- -------------------- - A m o u n t o f v a c a t io n p a y 1 A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e U n d er 1 w e e k -------------------------------1 w e e k -------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s --------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------- -— O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s — - — 3 w e e k s -------------------------------------- — O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s --------- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 90 10 - 62 29 9 - 1 87 8 3 - _ 75 1 23 - 84 4 10 - 82 3 15 - 89 2 7 - 84 16 - 96 4 - 84 16 - 92 8 - 1 82 2 10 6 - 76 7 13 4 - _ _ _ _ 88 8 3 1 82 3 15 - 91 7 2 - 54 46 - 66 5 28 2 - 95 5 - 21 60 19 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - (2) 53 7 34 6 - _ - - _ - _ - _ _ 42 30 23 4 - 49 31 17 3 1 36 12 52 - 73 2 25 - 31 13 56 - 24 6 66 4 - 77 4 20 - 1 8 91 - - - * - - - - 25 29 42 3 1 2 4 90 4 9 91 - _ 9 4 82 5 4 96 - - 13 87 - “ - - - A fte r 2 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e U n d er 1 w e e k -------------------------------1 w e e k -------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s --------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s --------3 w e e k s -------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s --------- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 71 10 19 - 35 54 11 - 39 32 29 - 25 9 64 1 1 31 26 43 - 70 5 22 - 73 2 25 - _ 40 15 45 - 22 30 47 - 35 65 - 17 83 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 36 7 44 6 2 5 13 10 75 1 “ 8 6 86 - 15 46 38 - 6 34 60 - 6 2 87 4 2 14 29 56 2 12 13 73 - 7 2 90 - 17 7 75 - 7 93 (2 ) - 6 16 72 7 10 40 46 4 - 5 23 52 11 8 4 3 87 2 4 _ _ 87 4 7 2 98 - - - - 1 78 11 8 1 - - - - - _ 1 22 6 72 _ _ 27 9 62 15 11 64 51 4 45 1 18 4 76 (2) 60 6 34 (2) 47 - A fte r 3 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ---------------- --------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s --------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s --------3 w e e k s o r m o r e ------------------------- - “ 99 - 98 2 A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k -------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s --------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s --------3 w e e k s ---------------- -------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s --------- _ 98 (2 ) 1 - _ 2 - - 81 10 10 72 27 - - 1 89 8 1 1 99 - (2 ) 94 6 - 2 88 8 1 3 7 81 9 - - - - _ 4 18 16 58 5 (2) 99 - _ _ _ _ _ - 82 17 1 91 5 4 74 26 - 1 62 37 4 4 81 7 4 - - - - - 28 1 71 49 28 13 10 _ _ 98 2 90 4 6 - - - A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d er 2 w e e k s -----------------------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s --------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s --------4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------- S e e fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le . _ _ _ 35 6 57 1 9 7 74 38 26 36 1 30 23 45 - - - - - - * 10 " 1 2 " 9 - “ - - 52 - ' 22 14 63 1 1 “ _ _ _ 6 47 32 13 2 4 10 85 1 8 5 83 4 28 (2 ) 71 _ - - 4 38 3 50 5 - - “ " (2 ) _ _ 40 3 4 92 - 60 - - - Table 32. Paid Vacations in 21 Areas: Plant Workers— Continued ( P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p a id v a c a t i o n s , S e p t e m b e r —N o v e m b e r 1968) South N orth ea st V a c a t io n p o l i c y B o s to n H a r t f o r d - N ew a rk B u f N ew and fa lo B r it a in — J e r s e y C ity B r is t o l N ew P h i l a P i t t s Y o r k d e lp h ia b u r g h W o r c e s - B a lt i ter m ore D a lla s W est N o r th C e n t r a l H ou s ton C h i ca go M il C le v e D e tro it land w a u k ee M in n e a p o l is — St. P a u l St. L o u is L os A n g e le s San L ong B ea ch P o rt F ra n D en and A n a h e im — land cis c o — ver Santa A n a O a k la n d G arden G rov e A m o u n t o f v a c a t io n p a y 1 — C on tin u ed A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d er 2 w e e k s -----------------------------2 w e e k s -----------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s --------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s --------4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------O v e r 4 w e e k s ----- -------------------------- _ 8 78 14 (2 ) _ 4 30 51 15 i _ 70 16 2 13 81 2 5 i 12 1 77 8 2 - - - 1 11 48 8 32 1 _ 12 63 1 23 1 1 10 1 30 5 52 1 _ 6 66 27 ( 2) - n _ _ 3 72 12 2 9 i 3 96 - i 16 76 7 - _ _ 3 34 8 44 9 1 41 2 56 " _ _ 3 8 74 (2 ) 32 68 - (2 ) 15 84 - - - - 1 16 12 72 - (2) 32 55 12 - (2) 12 22 66 - 1 5 90 1 16 12 72 ( 2) 32 53 15 (2) 12 22 66 _ 13 70 3 13 3 7 2 50 24 14 . . “ 13 3 6 1 22 5 56 5 2 _ 3 24 54 7 10 2 _ 2 67 10 22 (2) _ _ 7 85 3 4 69 19 12 6 35 15 44 - - - 4 30 1 53 9 3 ( 2) _ 5 93 3 _ 3 4 75 17 - - 4 28 1 48 5 13 (2) ( 2) _ 5 68 27 - 3 4 56 25 12 5 68 14 13 - 3 4 56 25 12 - A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d er 2 w e e k s -----------------------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s --------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s --------4 w e e k s -------------------- ---------------------O v e r 4 and u n d e r 5 w e e k s --------5 w e e k s o r m o r e -------------------------- 8 37 4 51 1 _ _ 4 15 3 64 5 10 6 57 4 33 - 24 4 48 6 5 _ _ _ _ _ 3 23 39 8 25 2 - 2 8 4 69 10 7 7 23 70 - 30 70 - 6 31 64 - 3 23 36 6 29 1 1 _ 2 6 31 11 51 _ 18 82 6 31 11 12 41 A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 2 w e e k s -----------------------------2 w e e k s —---------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s --------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s --------4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------O v e r 4 and u n d e r 5 w e e k s --------5 w e e k s ------------------------------------------5 w e e k s o r m o r e -------------------------- - _ _ _ 8 17 1 74 4 _ ii 3 62 5 15 6 34 38 22 1 11 34 46 8 59 1 28 1 - - - - 12 - 1 9 1 31 1 48 - - - - - - 10 6 7 4 - - - 13 15 2 52 8 6 4 3 6 ( 2) 18 4 55 5 8 7 21 67 4 - - 4 28 1 33 5 29 (2 ) (2) 1 V a c a t io n p a y m e n t s s u c h as p e r c e n t o f annual e a rn in g s w e r e c o n v e r t e d to an e q u iv a le n t t im e b a s i s . P e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e w e r e c h o s e n a r b i t r a r i l y and d o not n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n . F o r e x a m p le , the c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t io n s in d ic a t e d at 5 y e a r s m a y in c lu d e c h a n g e s w h ic h o c c u r r e d a ft e r 4 y e a r s . 2 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , su m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n ot e q u a l t o t a ls . * CO £ Table 33. Paid Vacations in 21 Areas: Office Workers ( P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e w o r k e r s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p a id v a c a t i o n s , S e p t e m b e r —N o v e m b e r , V a c a t io n p o l ic y A l l w o r k e r s ...... ............. N orth C e n tr a l South N orth ea st H a r t f o r d - N e w a rk and N ew B u f B o s to n fa lo B r it a in — J e r s e y C ity B r is to l N ew P h ila P i t t s Y o r k d e lp h ia b u rg h W o r c e s B a lt i ter m ore D a lla s 1968 ) H ou s ton C h i cago W est C le v e M il D e t r o it la n d w aukee M in n e a p o l is — St. P a u l St. L o u is L os A n g e le s San L ong B ea ch D en P o rt F ra n and A n a h e im — ver land cis c o — Santa A n a O a k la n d G arden G rov e 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 74 26 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 97 3 100 100 - 100 98 2 100 98 2 100 100 - 100 98 2 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 92 8 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 100 97 2 ( 2) - - - - - - - (2) 9 87 - 23 3 74 - M e th o d o f p a y m e n t W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id v a c a t io n s _______ L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ___ P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t _________ O th e r ___ . . _ ____ A m o u n t o f v a c a t io n p a y 1 A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k ____________________ 1 w e e k ____________ __________ ______ O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s 2 w e e k s ___________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s 3 w e e k s o r m o r e ________________ _ _ _ 8 92 - 60 40 - 11 72 17 _ - - * - (2) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 95 - 42 58 - 45 55 - 54 46 - 1 24 72 3 _ 13 87 - 9 5 78 7 - - - - - - - - 19 4 72 3 1 _ 24 1 74 - _ 53 (2) 47 - _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 82 - 38 62 - 11 89 - 37 3 57 2 76 24 - 16 2 82 - - - - - - - A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 1 w e e k ____________________ 1 w e e k ______________ _ _ __ ______ O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s _____ 2 w e e k s ___________________ ______ O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w eek s 3 w e e k s o r m o r e ________________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 51 2 47 - 3 80 17 5 1 94 - 12 7 81 - 7 (2) 92 - 5 95 - 15 1 84 - 10 90 - 2 98 - 4 1 88 7 - - - - - - - - - - - 8 1 87 3 1 4 7 88 - - 5 1 87 2 5 (2) 9 1 87 3 _ 4 2 94 - 2 2 96 - 1 1 98 - 3 73 24 2 1 91 5 10 6 78 5 (2) 1 99 - 11 1 87 - 1 99 - (2 ) 99 - 2 1 85 13 2 1 84 12 - - - 2 90 3 5 * - - - - - - 2 1 73 17 6 1 77 9 11 2 7 85 5 3 _ _ 71 7 22 100 - 1 99 - - - 1 84 8 6 1 2 59 5 31 3 9 68 49 2 49 _ _ 4 (2) 95 - 26 (2) 74 - _ _ _ _ 4 2 94 - 16 4 75 5 46 i 53 - 99 - - - * - - - - 4 2 95 - (2) 98 2 3 97 (2) _ 2 98 - 4 3 88 6 1 99 - - - - _ 94 6 - 98 2 90 10 - 1 43 57 - - - 8 7 85 4 26 - (2 ) 1 - A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ...... .............................................. O v e r 1 and u n d e r 2 w e e k s ______ 2 w e e k s ___________ _______________ O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s ______ 3 w e e k s o r m o r e _____ ___________ - 99 - - - - _ 100 - A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e U n d e r 2 w e e k s ___________________ 2 w e e k s ____________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s _____ 3 w e e k s ___________________________ O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s _ _ 99 _ 1 64 18 17 76 14 10 2 86 5 8 - - (2 ) 2 18 (2 ) - - (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) 90 6 4 99 - 84 5 11 - - _ 4 79 8 9 _ _ 99 1 98 2 (2 ) - A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 2 w e e k s ________ _ ___ 2 w e e k s _________________ _______ _ O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s 3 w e e k s ___________________________ O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s 4 w eeks or m ore S e e f o o t n o t e s at en d o f ta b le , 33 2 65 7 3 73 - - “ 38 8 44 10 17 ____ (2 ) 73 5 2 27 7 59 1 24 4 71 - - 7 “ - 23 _ l _____ 1 27 (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) 35 39 _ 6 - 72 59 60 - - - 17 2 70 10 1 20 5 60 13 ‘ 1 “ " 15 8 54 16 8 (2 ) 94 2 74 - 12 1 87 1 34 2 55 - 6 “ 1 46 7 - - 54 90 - - 3 Table 33. Paid Vacations in 21 Areas: (P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e w o r k e r s Office Workers— Continued m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c tu r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p a id v a c a t i o n s , S e p t e m b e r —N o v e m b e r , 1968) N orth ea st V a c a t io n p o l ic y B o s to n B u f fa lo H a r t f o r d - N ew a rk N ew and B r it a in — J e r s e y B r is t o l C ity South N ew P h il a P itt s - W o r c e s B a lt i te r Y o r k d e lp h ia b u rg h m ore D a lla s N o r th C e n t r a l H ou s ton C h i ca go C le v e la n d D e t r o it M il w auk ee W e st M in n e a p o l is — S t. P a u l St. L o u is L os A n g e le s San L on g B e a c h D en P o rt F ra n and A n a h e im — ver land c is c o — Santa A n a O ak la n d G arden G rov e A m o u n t o f v a c a t io n p a y 1 C o n tin u e d — A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 2 w e e k s ___________________ 2 w e e k s _. . .......... O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ......... 3 w e e k s ______________________ ___ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ______ 4 w e e k s ______ _____________________ O ver 4 w eeks _ ___ ____ _______ _ _ _ 2 18 52 28 (2) 3 72 18 7 2 3 72 15 9 12 78 1 9 i 8 (2) 75 10 7 - - - - - _ _ 2 9 64 8 17 (2) 3 53 8 36 - 2 3 21 72 2 _ 6 42 52 - 11 55 34 - 1 7 (2> 19 9 63 1 - - 6 81 13 (2 > - _ 9 51 16 1 23 _ _ _ _ _ (2) 14 82 4 (2) 9 90 - 10 68 2 20 i 5 57 20 18 - - - - - 9 2 57 3 28 2 _ 1 5 21 (2) 62 9 1 _ 9 2 34 (2) 51 1 2 _ _ i 99 - 24 76 - - i 75 7 16 (2) _ _ - _ 2 70 26 2 (2) 77 10 13 2 30 4 63 - - - _ _ 1 8 5 72 5 8 2 17 26 55 - _ (2 ) 26 74 - 2 13 _ 84 - - - - i 24 2 60 7 5 (2) _ _ i 90 9 7 81 _ 12 - - 1 23 (2) 55 5 17 (2) (2) 1 57 42 - 7 37 56 - - - A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 2 w e e k s ___________________ w e e k s ___________________________ O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ......... . 3 w e e k s ___________________________ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s _____ 4 w e e k s __________ _ ____________ O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s _____ 5 w e e k s o r m o r e ________________ 2 - - _ _ _ 9 13 55 23 1 34 2 63 - 24 6 70 - (2) 14 52 33 - (2) 7 29 64 - - - - - _ _ 1 24 _ (2) 14 - 98 2 6 _ 69 1 “ “ 10 20 2 61 3 5 _ _ _ A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e U n d e r 2 w e e k s ___________________ 2 w e e k s ___________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d e r 3 w e e k s _____ 3 w e e k s ___________________________ O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s _____ 4 w e e k s _______________________ O ver 4 and under 5 w eeks 5 w e e k s ----------------------------------------O v e r 5 w e e k s ____________________ _ 6 _ 19 76 - - _ 2 7 61 8 22 (2) 3 10 72 14 _ 2 3 14 79 11 _ 44 46 - - - 2 “ " 1 6 ( 2) 20 3 55 - 15 “ “ _ 7 3 66 2 1 22 _ _ 1 5 _ 10 - - - - 52 33 - _ - 13 56 3 16 3 17 55 7 16 - “ “ 9 2 33 (2 ) 52 1 1 2 1 - 5 43 6 45 _ 2 _ 17 26 53 2 _ _ (2 ) 14 86 - 2 13 24 60 1 23 (2) 40 4 31 1 - “ " (2) _ _ 1 57 . 21 21 - _ _ _ _ _ _ * 1 V a c a t io n p a y m e n t s su c h a s p e r c e n t o f an n u al e a r n in g s w e r e c o n v e r t e d t o an e q u iv a le n t t im e b a s i s . P e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e w e r e c h o s e n a r b i t r a r i l y and d o not n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n . F o r e x a m p le , the c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t io n s in d ic a t e d at 5 y e a r s m a y in c lu d e c h a n g e s w h ic h o c c u r r e d a ft e r 4 y e a r s . 2 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B ecau se o f r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n ot e q u a l t o t a l s . ^ Table 34. Health, Insurance, and Retirement Plans in 21 Areas: Plant Workers ( P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c t u r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith s p e c i f i e d h e a lt h , in s u r a n c e , and r e t i r e m e n t p la n s , 1 S e p t e m b e r - N o v e m b e r 1968) N orth ea st T y p e o f pla n A ll w o r k e r s ______________ W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g : L ife i n s u r a n c e ________________ E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d _______ J o in t ly f i n a n c e d __________ A c c id e n t a l d ea th and d i s m e m b e r m e n t i n s u r a n c e ___ E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d _______ J o in t ly f i n a n c e d __________ S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e o r s i c k le a v e o r b o th 2 _____________________ S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e ________________ E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ___ J o in t ly f i n a n c e d _______ S ic k le a v e (f u ll p a y , no w a itin g p e r io d ) _________ S ic k le a v e (p a r t ia l p a y o r w a itin g p e r io d ) ______ H o s p it a liz a t io n in s u r a n c e ___ E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ---------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d __________ S u r g i c a l in s u r a n c e __________ E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d _______ J o in t ly f i n a n c e d __________ M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e _ _________ E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d _______ J o in t ly f i n a n c e d __________ C a t a s t r o p h e i n s u r a n c e ______ E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d _______ J o in t ly f i n a n c e d __________ R e t i r e m e n t p la n s 3 __________ P e n s i o n p la n s ____________ E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ___ J o in t ly f i n a n c e d _______ L u m p -s u m p a y m e n t s _____ N o pla n s _____ ________________ H a r t f o r d - N e w a rk B u f N ew and B o s to n fa lo B r it a in — J e r s e y B r is t o l C ity South N ew P h ila P it t s - W o r c e s B a l t i Y o r k d elp h ia b u rg h m ore te r N o r th C e n t r a l D a lla s H ous ton C h i ca g o C le v e la n d D e tro it M il w a u k ee W est M in n e a p o l is — St. P a u l St. L o u is L os A n g e le s San L ong B ea ch D en P o rt F ra n and A n a h e im — ver la n d cis c o — S anta A n a O a k la n d G arden G rove 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 66 32 98 88 10 99 73 27 94 87 5 86 75 11 93 88 5 98 78 17 99 69 30 94 27 67 98 60 39 98 32 66 94 68 27 92 80 13 98 96 2 98 90 8 99 89 10 94 83 12 95 85 10 91 76 15 98 96 3 100 94 6 87 59 26 57 57 84 62 22 68 67 2 55 53 2 74 70 5 54 46 6 99 55 44 70 25 44 78 39 39 74 20 54 72 56 16 73 66 7 92 90 2 79 73 6 67 55 11 94 83 11 42 33 9 83 71 12 95 92 3 97 90 6 95 82 93 61 74 87 92 99 95 75 84 90 87 93 96 95 97 93 54 95 86 89 69 20 82 73 10 90 68 22 53 51 2 42 40 2 87 82 5 92 75 14 99 68 31 95 84 11 64 22 42 78 19 59 86 60 25 87 70 17 93 91 2 96 84 12 61 49 12 90 80 10 49 40 9 20 20 1 88 85 3 4 4 1 5 56 4 11 2 3 3 11 15 38 4 48 40 8 2 1 99 69 30 99 71 28 94 66 28 47 24 23 91 91 80 11 4 99 97 2 99 95 3 71 71 5 98 92 6 97 88 9 65 59 6 29 24 5 73 69 65 4 6 2 1 98 89 9 98 89 9 86 79 8 68 59 8 81 78 74 5 10 2 32 99 29 71 99 29 71 92 29 64 83 24 60 78 76 70 6 11 4 99 70 30 99 70 30 97 68 28 70 41 29 79 78 74 4 7 (4 ) 96 81 15 94 80 14 79 68 12 33 26 8 80 76 72 5 14 (4 ) 99 96 3 99 96 3 99 96 3 44 47 2 86 83 81 2 7 ( 4) 4 100 81 19 100 82 18 98 81 18 47 32 16 64 58 58 7 100 90 10 98 87 10 98 87 10 32 20 12 87 87 87 4 95 77 18 95 77 18 95 77 18 84 70 15 77 77 77 10 98 79 19 98 79 19 97 78 19 87 71 16 55 54 42 12 1 2 7 100 92 8 100 92 8 100 92 8 95 92 3 88 78 78 81 100 98 2 100 98 2 100 98 2 74 71 2 94 94 88 6 2 - 13 7 99 51 47 99 51 48 95 47 48 93 40 53 82 80 71 9 11 ~ 3 100 99 1 100 99 1 62 61 1 39 25 14 88 88 78 10 6 " - - 41 37 4 69 64 61 4 5 1 13 99 80 19 99 80 19 71 59 12 26 22 4 91 91 91 - 25 100 45 55 100 45 55 100 45 55 100 45 55 98 98 95 3 13 " 90 83 7 87 80 7 77 70 7 52 46 6 95 93 53 39 25 1 90 37 54 90 37 54 80 34 46 70 22 48 70 70 59 11 11 2 (4 ) 100 86 14 100 86 14 99 84 14 68 55 12 96 86 81 5 11 - - - 15 - - * 40 (4) - 28 _ 1 I n c lu d e s o n ly t h o s e p la n s f o r w h ic h the e m p lo y e r p a y s at le a s t p a r t o f the c o s t and e x c l u d e s le g a ll y r e q u i r e d p la n s s u c h a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t io n and s o c i a l s e c u r i t y . H ow ev er, p la n s r e q u i r e d b y Sta te t e m p o r a r y d i s a b i li t y in s u r a n c e la w s a r e in clu d e d i f th e e m p l o y e r c o n t r ib u t e s m o r e than is r e q u i r e d o r the e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e b e n e fit s o v e r the le g a l r e q u i r e m e n t s . 2 U n d u p lic a te d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s in p la n ts ha vin g s i c k le a v e o r s ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 3 U n d u p lic a te d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s in p la n ts h a vin g p e n s io n p la n s o r lu m p -s u m p a y m e n t s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 4 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n o t eq u a l t o t a ls . Table 35. Health, Insurance, and Retirement Plans in 21 Areas: Office Workers ( P e r c e n t o f o f f i c e w o r k e r s in m a c h in e r y m a n u fa c tu r in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith s p e c i f i e d h e a lt h , in s u r a n c e , and r e t i r e m e n t p l a n s , 1 S e p t e m b e r — o v e m b e r 1 96 8) N N orth ea st T y p e o f p la n B o s to n A ll w o r k e r s _____________ B u f fa lo South H a r t f o r d - N ew a rk and New N ew P h i l a P i t t s W o r c e s B a lt i te r m ore B r it a in — J e r s e y Y o r k d e lp h ia b u r g h B r is to l C ity W e st N o r t h C e n tr a ] D a lla s H ou s ton C h i ca go C le v e la n d D e tro it M il w auk ee M in n e a p o l is — St. P a u l St. L o u is L os A n g e le s San L on g B e a c h D enP o r t F ra n and A n a h e im — la n d c i s c o — Santa A n a O a k la n d G arden G rov e 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 62 37 99 73 26 99 57 42 95 79 16 91 65 26 93 79 14 97 75 22 100 78 22 96 26 70 99 37 62 98 28 69 96 71 25 97 80 17 97 93 5 99 93 6 99 69 31 92 59 33 98 80 18 96 69 27 99 91 6 100 95 5 91 57 33 41 32 9 77 47 31 78 68 7 51 41 10 77 70 7 73 65 8 100 55 45 64 26 38 77 21 56 74 12 62 78 61 17 77 69 7 90 85 5 83 79 4 71 62 9 82 58 24 39 21 18 87 63 24 91 90 1 96 91 5 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l is h m e n t s p r o v id in g : L ife i n s u r a n c e ------------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------------A c c id e n t a l d e a th and d i s m e m b e r m e n t i n s u r a n c e ----E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----------J o in t ly fi n a n c e d ___________ S ic k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e o r s i c k le a v e o r b o th 2 ______________________ S ic k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in su ran ce — E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ----------S ic k le a v e (f u ll p a y , no w a it in g p e r i o d ) --------------S ic k le a v e (p a r t ia l p a y o r w a it in g p e r i o d ) --------H o s p it a liz a t io n in s u r a n c e — E m p lo y e r f i a n c e d ------------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------------S u r g i c a l in s u r a n c e ---------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------------M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e ---------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ___________ C a t a s t r o p h e i n s u r a n c e --------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----------J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ---------------R e t i r e m e n t p la n s 4 -----------------P e n s i o n p l a n s -------------------E m p lo y e r f i n a n c e d ----J o in t ly f i n a n c e d ----------L u m p -s u m p a y m e n t s -----N o p l a n s _______________________ 89 91 89 80 75 83 93 100 96 89 95 89 93 95 98 96 73 98 74 92 78 76 64 12 87 65 22 50 35 15 61 58 2 43 39 4 80 73 8 89 72 17 96 59 37 64 53 11 71 15 55 60 7 53 72 51 21 74 50 24 95 90 5 90 83 6 44 35 9 56 35 21 33 15 18 26 21 5 87 81 6 3 3 57 59 70 46 57 60 57 71 52 41 62 47 55 62 74 72 47 87 66 8 69 _ 3 98 92 7 98 91 7 71 64 6 67 41 26 89 86 82 4 4 2 (3) 96 89 7 95 86 9 74 65 9 60 47 13 75 73 65 8 3 2 98 81 16 98 81 16 83 68 15 72 55 17 87 86 81 5 12 2 23 99 24 75 99 24 75 99 24 75 96 23 73 87 86 60 26 8 ( 3) 4 99 73 26 99 73 26 97 73 24 78 48 30 82 81 77 4 12 1 (3) 99 86 13 98 85 13 85 73 12 36 26 10 84 80 73 7 13 11 99 85 14 99 85 14 99 84 14 85 55 30 83 82 68 14 1 100 84 16 100 84 16 99 83 16 65 38 27 98 86 78 9 19 (3) 100 59 41 100 59 41 99 59 41 70 56 14 77 66 39 27 28 1 96 72 24 92 68 24 92 68 24 62 35 28 93 93 76 18 2 2 3 99 87 13 99 87 13 99 87 13 93 82 11 84 83 83 6 99 70 28 99 70 28 99 70 28 93 65 27 65 65 37 28 ( 3) 1 1 100 91 9 100 91 9 100 91 9 94 88 6 85 65 53 12 45 6 100 95 5 100 95 5 100 95 5 64 57 7 81 79 72 7 3 4 98 49 50 99 49 50 95 45 50 97 45 52 91 90 74 16 12 " . 98 94 5 98 94 5 53 48 5 49 25 24 92 92 71 22 " 99 58 42 99 61 38 88 53 35 89 35 53 94 94 74 21 “ _ _ 97 78 19 97 78 19 84 68 16 59 54 4 90 90 65 25 17 2 _ 100 41 59 100 41 59 100 41 59 100 41 59 99 99 97 2 23 ' _ 87 76 11 86 75 11 78 68 10 89 45 44 90 88 30 58 ( 3) 1 _ 91 27 63 91 27 63 81 22 59 81 22 60 72 72 37 35 8 1 (3) 1 ' “ - 62 (3) ' 1 I n c lu d e s o n ly t h o s e p la n s f o r w h ic h the e m p l o y e r pay at l e a s t p a r t o f the c o s t and e x c l u d e s le g a ll y r e q u i r e d p la n s s u c h as w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t io n and s o c i a l s e c u r i t y . H o w e v e r , p la n s r e q u i r e d b y Sta te t e m p o r a r y d i s a b i li t y in s u r a n c e la w s a r e in c lu d e d i f the e m p l o y e r c o n t r ib u t e s m o r e than is r e q u i r e d o r the e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e b e n e fit s o v e r the le g a l r e q u i r e m e n t s . 2 U n d u p lic a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s in p la n ts h a vin g s i c k le a v e o r s i c k n e s s and a c c i d e n t in s u r a n c e sh ow n s e p a r a t e l y . 3 L e s s than 0 .5 p e r c e n t . 4 U n d u p lic a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s in pla n ts h a vin g p e n s io n p la n s f o r lu m p -s u m p a y m e n ts sh ow n s e p a r a t e l y . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , su m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n o t e q u a l t o t a ls . A p p en d ix A . Scope and M ethod o f Survey Scope of Survey T h e s u r v e y i n c l u d e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e n g a g e d p r i m a r i l y in m a n u f a c t u r i n g m a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ( m a j o r g r o u p 35 a s d e f i n e d in th e 1 9 6 7 e d i t i o n o f t h e S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r i a l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l , p r e p a r e d b y t h e U . S. B u r e a u o f th e B u d g et]7 ~ T h i s m a j o r g r o u p i n c l u d e s e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e n g a g e d in m a n u f a c t u r i n g m a c h i n e r y a n d e q u i p m e n t , o t h e r th a n e l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t ( m a j o r g r o u p 36) a n d t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ( m a j o r g r o u p 3 7 ). M a ch in e s p o w e r e d by b u ilt-in o r d e ta ch a b le m o t o r s o r d in a r ily a r e in clu d e d in m a j o r g r o u p 3 5 , w i t h t h e e x c e p t i o n o f e l e c t r i c a l h o u s e h o l d a p p l i a n c e s ( m a j o r g r o u p 36). P o r t a b l e t o o l s , b o t h e l e c t r i c a n d p n e u m a t i c p o w e r e d , a r e i n c l u d e d in m a j o r g r o u p 3 5 , b u t h a n d t o o l s a r e c l a s s i f i e d in m a j o r g r o u p 34. S e p a ra te a u x ilia r y u nits su ch as c e n t r a l o f f i c e s o f th e f i r m s stu d ie d w e r e e x c lu d e d . T h e s t u d y c o v e r e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w i t h 20 w o r k e r s o r m o r e at t h e t i m e o f r e f e r e n c e o f th e d a t a u s e d in c o m p i l i n g t h e u n i v e r s e l i s t s . A ls o in clu ded w e r e e s ta b l i s h m e n t s w h i c h e m p l o y e d 8 t o 19 w o r k e r s a n d p r i m a r i l y m a n u f a c t u r e d s p e c i a l d i e s a n d t o o l s , d ie s e t s , ji g s and f i x t u r e s , o r m a c h i n e - t o o l a c c e s s o r i e s and m e a s u r i n g d e v i c e s ( i n d u s t r i e s 3544 and 3545). T h e n u m b e r o f e s t a b l is h m e n t s and w o r k e r s a c t u a lly s tu d ie d b y the B u r e a u , a s w e l l a s t h e n u m b e r e s t i m a t e d t o b e in t h e i n d u s t r i e s d u r i n g t h e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d i e d , i s s h o w n in t h e t a b l e o n th e n e x t p a g e . M e t h o d o f S tu d y Data w e r e o b ta in e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s o f th e B u r e a u 's f i e l d sta ff. The su rvey w a s c o n d u c t e d on a s a m p l e b a s i s . T o o b t a i n a p p r o p r i a t e a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f l a r g e r a t h e r th a n s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w a s s t u d i e d . In c o m b in in g the d a ta , h o w e v e r , a ll e s t a b l is h m e n t s w e r e g iv e n t h e ir a p p r o p r ia t e w e ig h t. A ll e s t i m a t e s a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e , a s r e l a t i n g t o a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in t h e i n d u s t r y in t h e s e l e c t e d a r e a s , e x c l u d i n g o n l y t h o s e b e l o w t h e m i n i m u m s i z e at t h e t i m e o f r e f e r e n c e o f th e u n i v e r s e data. E s ta b lis h m e n t D efin ition A n e s t a b lis h m e n t , f o r p u r p o s e s of th is stu d y, loca tion w h ere in d u stria l op e ra tio n s a re p e r fo r m e d . s a r i l y id e n t i c a l w ith th e c o m p a n y , w h ic h m a y c o n s i s t is d e fin e d as a sin gle p h y s ic a l A n e s ta b lis h m e n t is not n e c e s of one o r m o r e e s ta b lis h m e n ts . E m p loy m en t E s t i m a t e s o f the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f the stu dy a r e in te n d e d as a g e n e r a l g u i d e t o t h e s i z e a n d c o m p o s i t i o n o f t h e l a b o r f o r c e i n c l u d e d in t h e s u r v e y . T h e a d v a n c e p la n n in g n e c e s s a r y to m a k e a w a g e s u r v e y r e q u i r e s th e u s e o f th e l i s t s o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a s s e m b l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f t h e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d i e d . P r o d u c t io n and O f fic e W o r k e r s The te r m "p ro d u ctio n w m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v i s o r y e x e c u t iv e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and p lo y e e s , who w e re u tilized w e r e e x clu d e d . clu d es o r k e r s , " a s u s e d in t h i s b u l l e t i n , i n c l u d e s w o r k i n g f o r e w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in n o n o f f i c e f u n c t i o n s . A d m in istra tiv e, t e c h n ic a l p e r s o n n e l and f o r c e - a c c o u n t c o n s t r u c t io n e m a s a s e p a r a t e w o r k f o r c e on the f i r m ' s ow n p r o p e r t i e s , T he t e r m " o f f i c e w o r k e r s , " in c lu d e s a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y o ff ic e w o r k e r s a d m in is tr a tiv e , e x e c u tiv e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ic a l e m p lo y e e s . and e x 49 Estimated number of establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied, machinery manufacturing industries, 21 areas, September-November 1968 Area 1 Total, 21 areas-------------------------------Northeast: Boston---------- -----------------------------------------Buffalo--------------------------------------------------Hartford-New Britain-Bristol---------------Newark and Jersey C ity ----------------------New York----------------------------------------------Philadelphia-----------------------------------------Pittsburgh----------------------------------------------Worcester----------------------------------------------South: Baltimore----------------------------------------------Dallas----------------------------------------------------H ouston------------------------------------------------North Central: Chicago ------------------------------------------------Cleveland ---------------------------------------------Detroit--------------------------------------------------Milwaukee--------------------------------------------Minneapolis-St. Paul---------------------------St. L o u is----------------------------------------------West: Denver --------------------------------------------------Los Angeles-Long Beach and AnaheimSanta Ana-Garden G r o v e -----------------Portland ------------------------------------------------San Francisco-Oakland------------------------ Payroll period _ Number of establishments Within scope Studied of study Workers in establishments Within scope of study Studied Total 3 Production workers Office worke rs Total 6 .2 2 7 1,04 4 723,171 505,902 9 5 ,1 4 7 4 37 ,7 45 October October November November September October November October 209 101 192 296 485 360 121 51 48 23 46 53 81 60 31 20 24,3 5 4 13,7 9 8 2 7,832 3 1 ,2 4 0 3 1 ,6 3 7 4 9 ,5 9 5 16,714 9 ,4 7 4 15,650 8,811 21, 124 2 2 ,2 9 7 23,013 3 4 ,2 6 8 11,741 6 ,5 0 0 3, 110 2 ,6 1 8 3 ,1 4 8 4 ,37 1 3 ,67 3 6 ,0 9 6 2 ,0 6 8 1 ,13 5 15,002 8 ,62 9 21,626 17,895 15,428 31,206 12,023 8,071 October September October 59 88 128 21 27 28 11,086 10,821 21,201 8 ,77 5 8 ,01 8 15,5 7 7 1, 140 1,306 2 ,26 2 9 ,02 3 6 ,2 4 4 14,324 October October October October November November 939 417 1 ,07 4 245 222 158 123 76 104 51 43 39 117,626 48, 153 84, 277 6 3 ,2 6 4 4 5 ,5 2 7 19,595 84,9 1 2 3 3,6 6 5 6 2,3 3 6 4 2 ,3 8 5 2 7,162 14,118 16,681 6 ,3 8 9 9 ,8 1 0 10,629 6 ,4 6 2 2 ,4 4 0 62,471 3 0 ,1 3 0 4 3,0 6 6 46,343 32,1 6 6 13,572 47 19 9 ,5 2 4 5 ,9 3 8 1 ,3 6 7 7, 845 832 51 152 101 18 32 68,691 4 ,9 9 6 13,766 4 6 ,4 6 5 3 ,83 6 9,311 7, 762 493 2, 187 3 0 ,7 7 4 3 ,4 2 0 8 ,48 7 October October November September ________ 1 For definition of areas, see footnote 1 in tables 4 -2 4 . 2 Includes only establishments manufacturing dies and tools, die sets, jigs and fixtures, or machine-tool accessories and measuring devices which employed 8 workers or more, and other machinery establishments with 20 workers or more at the time of reference of the universe data. 3 Includes executive, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate production and office workers categories. O c c u p a t i o n s S e l e c t e d f o r StudyO c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n w a s b a s e d on a u n i f o r m s e t o f j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d t o t a k e a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t a n d i n t e r a r e a v a r i a t i o n s in d u t i e s w i t h i n the s a m e j o b . (S ee a p p e n d ix B f o r t h e s e d e s c r i p t i o n s . ) The occu p a tion s w e re ch osen f o r t h e i r n u m e r i c a l i m p o r t a n c e , t h e i r u s e f u l n e s s in c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a i n i n g , o r t h e i r r e p r e s e n t a t i v e n e s s o f t h e e n t i r e j o b s c a l e in t h e i n d u s t r y . W ork in g s u p e r v is o r s , a p p ren tices, le a rn e rs, b e g in n e r s , t r a i n e e s , and h a n d ic a p p e d , p a rt-tim e , te m p o ra ry , a n d p r o b a t i o n a r y w o r k e r s w e r e n o t r e p o r t e d in th e d a t a f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s . W a g e Data I n fo r m a t io n on w a g e s r e la t e s to s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , e x c lu d in g p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , a n d la t e s h i f t s . In cen tiv e p a y m e n ts , su ch as th ose re su ltin g fr o m p ie c e w o r k o r p ro d u ctio n bonus s y s t e m s and c o s t o f - l i v i n g b o n u s e s , w e r e i n c l u d e d a s p a r t o f th e w o r k e r ' s r e g u l a r p a y ; b u t n o n p r o d u c t i o n bonus p a y m e n ts, such as C h r is tm a s o r y e a r e n d b o n u s e s , w e r e e x clu d e d . A v e r a g e (m ea n ) h o u r ly r a te s (o r e a r n in g s ) f o r e a c h o c c u p a tio n w e r e c a lc u la t e d b y w e ig h t in g e a c h r a te by the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g the r a t e , t o t a lin g , and d i v id in g b y the n u m b e r o f in d iv id u a ls . The h o u rly e a rn in g s of s a la r ie d w o r k e r s w e r e o b t a i n e d b y d i v i d i n g t h e i r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r y b y n o r m a l r a t h e r th a n a c t u a l h o u r s . 50 W age T rends T h e m a c h i n e r y i n d e x s e r i e s h a s b e e n d e v e l o p e d f r o m d a t a o b t a i n e d in t h e B u r e a u ' s p r o g r a m o f o c c u p a t i o n a l w a g e s u r v e y s in th e 21 s e l e c t e d a r e a s s t u d i e d s e p a r a t e l y a n d i s b a s e d o n s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f m e n p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in th e f o l l o w i n g occu p a tio n s: A s s e m b l e r s ( c l a s s e s A , B , and C ); e l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e ; i n s p e c t o r s ( c l a s s e s A , B , a n d C ); j a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , a n d c l e a n e r s ; l a b o r e r s , m a t e r i a l h a n d l i n g ; m a ch in e-tool o p e ra to rs, p r o d u c t io n ( c l a s s e s A , B , and C ); m a c h i n i s t s , p ro d u ctio n ; t o o l a n d d i e m a k e r s ( o t h e r th a n j o b b i n g ) ; a n d w e l d e r s , h a n d , c l a s s A . A r e a i n d e x e s r e f l e c t c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s b u t n o t c h a n g e s in th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s in t h e s e p a r a t e o c c u p a t i o n s . F o r e a c h a r e a , an a g g r e g a t e o f e a r n in g s w a s o b t a in e d b y w e ig h tin g th e a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n in g s f o r the r e s p e c t i v e o c c u p a t i o n s b y a s e t o f w e i g h t s , b a s e d on a v e r a g e e m p l o y m e n t s in th e o c c u p a t i o n s in th a t a r e a f o r 196 4 a n d 1 9 6 5 . The p e rce n t of ch ange w as d e te rm in e d by c o m p a r i n g th is a g g r e g a t e w ith the a g g r e g a t e f o r th e p r e v i o u s y e a r ; the c u r r e n t in d e x w a s c o m p u t e d b y a p p l y i n g t h i s p e r c e n t o f c h a n g e t o t h e p r e v i o u s i n d e x (in t h i s c a s e , 1966) f o r the a r e a . T h e in d e x f o r a ll a r e a s c o m b i n e d is c o n s t r u c t e d s o a s to m i n i m i z e the e f f e c t o f e m p l o y m e n t c h a n g e s a m o n g th e a r e a s s t u d i e d . T h e c o m p o s i t e in d e x w a s ob ta in ed by fo llo w in g te ch n iq u e s s im ila r to th o s e u s e d to d e te r m in e a r e a in d e x e s . An a ggregate o f e a r n in g s w a s o b ta in e d by w e ig h tin g the a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n in g s f o r t h e s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s in th e a r e a s b y a s e t o f w e i g h t s , b a s e d on a v e r a g e e m p l o y m e n t s in t h e m a c h i n e r y i n d u s t r i e s in t h e s e a r e a s f o r t h e y e a r s 196 4 a n d 1 9 6 5 . The p e r c e n t o f c h a n g e w a s d e t e r m i n e d b y c o m p a r i n g t h is a g g r e g a t e w ith the a g g r e g a t e f o r the p r e v i o u s y e a r , and the c u r r e n t in d e x w a s c o m p u t e d b y a p p ly in g th is p e r c e n t o f c h a n g e to the p r e v i o u s in d e x (1 9 6 6 ) f o r a ll a r e a s c o m b i n e d . F r o m t i m e t o t i m e , t h e i n d e x p r o c e d u r e i s r e v i s e d t o b r i n g th e w e i g h t i n g p a t t e r n up t o date b y c h a n g in g th e set o f o c c u p a t io n a l w e ig h t s and th e a r e a w e ig h t s . The new in d e x e s a r e lin k e d to the e x is t in g o n e s to f o r m a c o n t in u o u s s e r i e s . M eth od of W age P aym en t T a b u l a t io n s b y m e t h o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t r e l a t e to the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s p a id u n d e r the v a r i o u s t i m e a n d in c e n t i v e w a g e s y s t e m s . F o r m a l rate stru ctu re s fo r t i m e ra te d w o r k e r s p r o v id e sin g le r a te s o r a ra n g e of r a te s f o r in d iv id u a l jo b c a t e g o r i e s . In t h e a b s e n c e o f a f o r m a l r a t e s t r u c t u r e , p a y r a t e s a r e d e t e r m i n e d p r i m a r i l y b y t h e q u a lif ic a t i o n s o f th e in d iv id u a l w o r k e r . A s i n g l e r a t e s t r u c t u r e i s o n e in w h i c h th e s a m e r a t e i s p a i d t o a l l e x p e r i e n c e d w o r k e r s in t h e s a m e j o b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . Learners, a p p r e n t i c e s , o r p r o b a t i o n a r y w o r k e r s m a y b e p a id a c c o r d i n g to ra te s c h e d u l e s w h ich sta r t b e l o w th e s in g le r a te and p e r m i t the w o r k e r s to a c h ie v e th e fu ll j o b r a t e o v e r a p erio d of tim e. In d iv id u a l e x p e r i e n c e d w o r k e r s o c c a s i o n a l l y m a y be p a id a b o v e o r b e lo w th e s in g le r a te f o r s p e c i a l r e a s o n s , but s u c h p a y m e n t s a r e e x c e p t i o n s . R ange of r a t e p l a n s a r e t h o s e in w h i c h t h e m i n i m u m a n d / o r m a x i m u m r a t e s p a i d e x p e r i e n c e d w o r k e r s f o r the s a m e j o b a r e s p e c i f i e d . S p e c i f i c r a t e s o f i n d i v i d u a l w o r k e r s w i t h i n th e r a n g e m a y b e d e t e r m i n e d b y m e r i t , len gth o f s e r v i c e , o r a c o m b i n a t i o n o f v a r i o u s c o n c e p t s o f m e r i t and len g th o f s e r v i c e . In cen tiv e w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d u n d er p ie c e w o r k o r bon us p la n s. P i e c e w o r k is w o r k fo r w h ich a p r e d e t e r m i n e d ra te is p a id f o r e a ch u n it o f o u t p u t . P r o d u c t io n b o n u s e s a r e b a s e d on p r o d u c t io n o v e r a qu ota o r f o r c o m p l e t i o n o f a t a s k in l e s s th a n s t a n d a r d t i m e . S ch ed u led W e e k ly H ou rs D a t a o n w e e k l y h o u r s r e f e r t o th e p r e d o m i n a n t w o r k s c h e d u l e f o r f u l l - t i m e d u c t io n (o r o f f i c e ) w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d on the d ay s h ift , r e g a r d l e s s o f s e x . pro S h ift P r o v i s i o n s a n d P r a c t i c e s S h ift p r o v i s i o n s r e l a t e t o t h e p o l i c i e s o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e i t h e r la t e s h i f t s o r h a v i n g f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g la t e s h i f t w o r k . w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d o n la t e s h i f t s at t h e t i m e o f t h e s u r v e y . cu rre n tly op eratin g P r a c t i c e s r e la t e to 51 S u pp lem en tary W age P r o v is io n s S u p p l e m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s w e r e t r e a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y o n th e b a s i s th a t i f f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s w e r e a p p li c a b le to h a lf o r m o r e o f the p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s ( o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s ) in a n e s t a b l i s h m e n t , t h e b e n e f i t s w e r e c o n s i d e r e d a p p l i c a b l e t o a l l s u c h w o r k e r s . S i m i l a r l y , i f f e w e r th a n h a l f o f t h e w o r k e r s w e r e c o v e r e d , t h e b e n e f i t w a s c o n s i d e r e d n o n e x i s t e n t in t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t . B e c a u s e of l e n g t h - o f - s e r v i c e and oth er e lig ib ilit y r e q u i r e m e n t s , the p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g the b e n e fit s m a y b e s m a l l e r than e stim ated . P a id H o lid a y s . p r o v id e d a n n u a lly. P a id h o lid a y p ro v isio n s rela te to f u l l - d a y and h a lf- d a y h olid a y s P a id V a c a t io n s . T h e s u m m a r i e s of v a c a t io n p la n s a r e li m it e d to f o r m a l a r r a n g e m e n t s , e x c l u d i n g i n f o r m a l p l a n s , w h e r e b y t i m e o f f w i t h p a y i s g r a n t e d at t h e d i s c r e t i o n o f th e e m p l o y e r o r s u p e r v i s o r . P a y m e n t s not on a t im e b a s i s w e r e c o n v e r t e d ; f o r e x a m p l e , a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n in g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d th e e q u iv a le n t o f 1 w e e k 's pay. T h e p e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e f o r w h i c h d a t a a r e p r e s e n t e d r e p r e s e n t th e m o s t c o m m o n p r a c t i c e s , but th e y d o not n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t p ro v ision s fo r p ro g re ssio n . F o r e x a m p l e , t h e c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s i n d i c a t e d at 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e m a y i n c l u d e c h a n g e s w h i c h o c c u r r e d b e t w e e n 5 a n d 10 y e a r s . H e a lt h , I n s u r a n c e , a n d R e t i r e m e n t P l a n s . Data a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r h e a lth , i n s u r a n c e , p e n s i o n , a n d l u m p - s u m r e t i r e m e n t p l a n s f o r w h i c h a l l o r p a r t o f th e c o s t i s b o r n e by th e e m p l o y e r , e x c lu d in g p r o g r a m s r e q u i r e d b y la w , s u ch a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a tio n and s o c ia l s e c u r it y . A m o n g the p la n s in c lu d e d a r e t h o s e u n d e r w r it t e n by a c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n y , and t h o s e p a id d i r e c t l y b y th e e m p l o y e r f r o m h is c u r r e n t o p e r a t i n g fu n d s o r f r o m a fund set a s id e f o r t h is p u r p o s e . D eath b e n e fits a r e in clu d e d as a f o r m of life in s u r a n c e . S ick n e ss and a ccid e n t i n s u r a n c e i s l i m i t e d t o th a t t y p e o f i n s u r a n c e u n d e r w h i c h p r e d e t e r m i n e d c a s h p a y m e n t s a r e m a d e d i r e c t l y to the in s u r e d on a w e e k ly o r m o n th ly b a s i s d u rin g i l ln e s s o r a ccid e n t d isa b ility . I n fo r m a t io n is p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll s u ch p la n s t o w h ic h the e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t e s at l e a s t a p a r t o f t h e c o s t . H o w e v e r , in N e w Y o r k a n d N e w J e r s e y , w h e r e t e m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n c e la w s r e q u i r e e m p l o y e r c o n t r ib u t i o n s , 1 p la n s a r e in c lu d e d o n l y i f t h e e m p l o y e r (1 ) c o n t r i b u t e s m o r e t h a n i s l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d o r (2 ) p r o v i d e s th e e m p l o y e e s w ith b e n e f it s w h ic h e x c e e d the r e q u i r e m e n t s o f th e la w . T a b u la t io n s o f p a id s ic k le a v e p la n s a r e li m it e d to f o r m a l p la n s w h ic h p r o v id e fu ll pay o r a p r o p o r t io n o f the w o r k e r ' s pay d u rin g a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e of illn e s s ; in fo rm a l a rra n g e m e n ts have been om itted . S ep a ra te ta b u la tion s a r e p r o v id e d a c c o r d i n g t o (1 ) p l a n s w h i c h p r o v i d e f u l l p a y a n d n o w a i t i n g p e r i o d , a n d (2 ) p l a n s p r o v id in g e ith e r p a r tia l pay o r a w a itin g p e r io d . M e d i c a l in s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p la n s p r o v id in g f o r c o m p l e t e o r p a r t ia l p a y m e n t o f d o cto rs' fe e s. T h e s e p lan s m a y be u n d e r w r itt e n by a c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n y o r a n o n p ro fit o r g a n iz a tio n , or th ey m a y be a f o r m of s e lf -in s u r a n c e . C a ta strop h e in s u ra n ce , s o m e t im e s r e fe r r e d to as exten ded m e d ic a l in su ra n ce , i n c l u d e s th e p la n s d e s i g n e d to c o v e r e m p l o y e e s f o r s i c k n e s s o r i n ju r y in v o lv i n g an e x p e n s e w h ic h e x c e e d s th e n o r m a l c o v e r a g e o f h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , m e d i c a l , an d s u r g i c a l p la n s . T a b u la t io n s o f r e t i r e m e n t p e n s io n s a r e lim it e d to p la n s w h ich p r o v id e r e g u la r p a y m e n t s f o r the r e m a i n d e r o f th e r e t i r e e ' s li f e . Data a r e p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e l y fo r lu m p - s u m r e t i r e m e n t pay (on e p a y m e n t o r s e v e r a l o v e r a s p e c if ie d p e r io d of tim e ) m a d e to e m p l o y e e s on r e t i r e m e n t . E s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g both lu m p - s u m r e t i r e m e n t pay and r e t i r e m e n t p e n s io n s to e m p l o y e e s w e r e c o n s i d e r e d a s h a v in g both r e t i r e m e n t p e n s io n and l u m p - s u m r e t i r e m e n t p la n s. E s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g o p tio n a l p lan s p ro v id in g e m p lo y e e s a c h o ic e of eith e r lu m p -s u m r e tir e m e n t pay o r p e n sio n s w e r e c o n s i d e r e d a s h avin g o n ly r e t i r e m e n t p e n s io n b e n e fit s . The temporary disability insurance laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions. 52 Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions The p r im a r y p u rp o se of p rep a rin g job d e s crip tio n s f o r the B u r e a u 's w a g e s u r v e y s is to a s s i s t its f i e l d s ta ff in c l a s s i f y i n g into a p p r o p r i a t e o c c u p a t i o n s w o r k e r s w h o a r e e m p l o y e d u n d e r a v a r i e t y o f p a y r o l l t i t le s and d i f f e r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s f r o m e s t a b l i s h m e n t to e s t a b l is h m e n t and f r o m a r e a to a r e a . T h i s p e r m i t s the g r o u p in g o f o c c u p a tio n a l w a g e r a t e s r e p r e s e n t i n g c o m p a r a b l e j o b con ten t. B e c a u s e o f th is e m p h a s i s on in te r e s t a b l i s h m e n t and in ter a r e a c o m p a r a b i l i t y o f o c c u p a t i o n a l c o n te n t, the B u r e a u 's j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s m a y d i f f e r s ig n i fic a n t l y f r o m t h o s e in u s e in in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s o r t h o s e p r e p a r e d f o r o th e r p u r p o s e s . In a p p ly in g t h e s e jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s , the B u r e a u 's f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s a r e in s t r u c t e d to e x c lu d e w o r k i n g s u p e r v i s o r s , a p p r e n t i c e s , l e a r n e r s , b e g i n n e r s , t r a i n e e s , h a n d i c a p p e d , p a r t - t i m e , t e m p o r a r y , and p r o b a t i o n a r y w o r k e r s . ASSEMBLER (B e n c h a s s e m b l e r ; f l o o r a s s e m b l e r ; jig a s s e m b l e r ; line a s s e m b l e r ; s u b a s s e m b l e r ) A s s e m b l e s a n d / o r fits t o g e t h e r p a r t s to f o r m c o m p l e t e units o r s u b a s s e m b l i e s at a b e n c h , c o n v e y o r li n e , o r on the f l o o r , d e p en d in g on the s i z e o f the u nits and the o r g a n i z a t i o n o f the p r o d u c t i o n p r o c e s s . W o r k m a y in clu d e p r o c e s s i n g o p e r a t i o n s r e q u i r i n g the u s e o f h a n d tools in s c r a p i n g , c h ip p in g , and filin g o f p a r t s to ob ta in a d e s i r e d fit a s w e l l as p o w e r t o o l s and s p e c i a l eq u ip m e n t w h e n p u n ch in g , r i v e t i n g , s o l d e r i n g , o r w e ld in g o f p a r t s is n e c e s s a r y . W o r k e r s w h o p e r f o r m any o f th e s e p r o c e s s i n g o p e r a t i o n s e x c l u s i v e l y as p a rt o f s p e c i a l i z e d a s s e m b l i n g o p e r a t i o n s a r e e x c lu d e d . C l a s s A . A s s e m b l e s p a r t s into c o m p l e t e u nits o r s u b a s s e m b l i e s that r e q u i r e fitting o f p a r t s and d e c i s i o n s r e g a r d i n g p r o p e r p e r f o r m a n c e o f any c o m p o n e n t p a r t o r the a s s e m b l e d unit. W o r k in v o lv e s any c o m b i n a t i o n o f the f o l l o w i n g : A s s e m b l i n g f r o m d r a w i n g s , b l u e p r i n t s , o r o th e r w r i t t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; a s s e m b l i n g units c o m p o s e d o f a v a r i e t y o f p a r t s a n d / o r s u b a s s e m b l i e s ; a s s e m b l i n g l a r g e units r e q u ir i n g c a r e f u l fitting and a d ju stin g o f p a r t s to o b ta in s p e c i f i e d c l e a r a n c e s ; and u sin g a v a r i e t y o f hand and p o w e r e d t o o l s , and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g i n s t r u m e n t s . C l a s s B . A s s e m b l e s p a r t s into units o r s u b a s s e m b l i e s in a c c o r d a n c e w ith sta n d a rd and p r e s c r i b e d p r o c e d u r e s . W o r k in v o lv e s any c o m b i n a t i o n o f the f o l l o w i n g : A s s e m b l i n g a li m it e d r a n g e o f sta n d a rd and f a m i l i a r p r o d u c t s c o m p o s e d o f a n u m b e r o f s m a l l - o r m e d i u m - s i z e p a r t s r e q u ir i n g s o m e fitting o r a d ju s tin g ; a s s e m b l i n g l a r g e units that r e q u i r e little o r no fitting o f c o m p o n e n t p a r t s ; w o r k i n g u n d e r c o n d it i o n s w h e r e a c c u r a t e p e r f o r m a n c e and c o m p l e t i o n o f w o r k w ith in set t i m e li m it s a r e e s s e n t i a l f o r s u b s e q u e n t a s s e m b l i n g o p e r a t i o n s ; and u sin g a li m it e d v a r i e t y o f hand o r p o w e r e d t o o l s . C l a s s C . P e r f o r m s s h o r t - c y c l e r e p e t i t i v e a s s e m b l i n g o p e r a t i o n s . W o r k d o e s not in v o lv e any fitting o r m a k in g d e c i s i o n s r e g a r d in g p r o p e r p e r f o r m a n c e o f the c o m p o n e n t parts o r a sse m b lin g p r o c e d u r e s . A U T O M A T IC -L A T H E O P E RA TO R (A u to m a tic-b e tw e e n -ce n te rs-la th e op era tor; a u tom a tic-ch u ck in g -m a ch in e op era tor; auto m a tic-tu rre t-la th e operator) O p e r a t e s one o r m o r e la thes e q u ip p e d w ith a u t o m a t ic f e e d m e c h a n i s m s f o r actuating the cutting t o o l s o v e r the c o m p l e t e w o r k c y c l e . A u t o m a t ic lathes m a y d i f f e r as to type o f c o n s t r u c t i o n (h o r i z o n t a l o r v e r t i c a l ) ; n u m b e r o f s p in d le s (s in g le o r m u lt ip le ) ; m e t h o d o f fe e d ( h a n d - f e e d , a u t o m a t i c - c h u c k i n g , o r h o p p e r - f e e d ) ; m e t h o d o f h olding the w o r k (in c h u c k s o r b e tw e e n c e n t e r s ) ; and m e t h o d o f p r e s e n t in g the t o o l s to the s t o c k in s e q u e n c e ( t u r r e t s , s l i d e s , r e v o l v i n g w o r k s t a t io n s ). ( F o r d e s c r i p t i o n o f c l a s s o f w o r k s e e m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r , p ro d u ctio n .) 53 C A R P E N T E R , M A INTEN AN CE P e r f o r m s the c a r p e n t r y d u ties n e c e s s a r y to c o n s t r u c t and m a in ta in in g o o d r e p a i r b u ildin g w o o d w o r k and e q u ip m e n t s u ch a s b i n s , c r i b s , c o u n t e r s , b e n c h e s , p a r t i t i o n s , d o o r s , f l o o r s , s t a i r s , c a s i n g s , and t r i m m a d e o f w o o d in an e s t a b l is h m e n t . W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g and laying out o f w o r k f r o m b l u e p r i n t s , d r a w i n g s , m o d e l s , o r v e r b a l i n s t r u c t i o n s ; u sin g a v a r i e t y o f c a r p e n t e r ' s h a n d t o o ls , p o r t a b l e p o w e r t o o l s , and s ta n d a r d m e a s u r i n g in s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g sta n d a rd shop c o m p u t a t i o n s r e la t in g to d i m e n s i o n s o f w o r k ; and s e l e c t i n g m a t e r i a l s n e c e s s a r y f o r the w o r k . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m a i n t e n a n c e c a r p e n t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d tra in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t tra in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . D R IL L -P R E S S O P E R A T O R , R A D IAL O p e r a t e s one o r m o r e t y p e s o f r a d i a l - d r i l l i n g m a c h i n e s d e s i g n e d p r i m a r i l y f o r the p u r p o s e o f d r i l l i n g , r e a m i n g , c o u n t e r s i n k i n g , c o u n t e r b o r i n g , s p o t - f a c i n g , o r tapping h o l e s in l a r g e h e a v y m e t a l p a r t s . S e v e r a l ty p e s o f r a d i a l d r i l l s a r e in u s e , the m o s t c o m m o n ty p e b e in g d e s i g n e d so that the t o o l h ead and sa d d le a r e m o v a b l e a lon g a p r o j e c t i n g a r m w h i c h ca n b e r o t a t e d about a v e r t i c a l c o l u m n and a d ju s te d v e r t i c a l l y on that c o l u m n . ( F o r d e scrip tio n of c la s s of w o rk see m a c h in e -to o l o p e ra to r, p ro d u ctio n .) D R IL L -P R E SS O P E R A T O R , S IN G L E - O R M U L T I P L E - S P I N D L E O p e r a t e s on e o r m o r e ty p e s o f s i n g l e - o r m u l t i p l e - s p i n d l e d r i l l - p r e s s e s , to p e r f o r m s u c h o p e r a t i o n s as d r i l l i n g , r e a m i n g , c o u n t e r s i n k i n g , c o u n t e r b o r i n g , s p o t - f a c i n g , and tapping. D r i l l - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , r a d i a l , and o p e r a t o r s o f p o r t a b l e d r il lin g e q u ip m e n t a r e e x c lu d e d . (F o r d e s crip tio n of c la s s o f w ork see m a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a to r , p ro d u ctio n .) E L E C T R I C I A N , M A IN T E N A N C E P e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l tr a d e fu n ctio n s s u c h a s the in s t a l la t i o n , m a i n t e n a n c e , o r r e p a i r o f e q u ip m e n t f o r the g e n e r a t i o n , d is t r i b u t i o n , o r u t il iz a t i o n o f e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : In stallin g o r r e p a i r i n g any o f a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t su ch as g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s f o r m e r s , s w i t c h b o a r d s , c o n t r o l l e r s , c i r c u i t b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , heating u n its , co n d u it s y s t e m s , o r o th e r t r a n s m i s s i o n eq u ip m e n t; w o r k i n g f r o m b l u e p r i n t s , d r a w i n g s , la y o u t, o r <pther s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; lo c a t in g and d ia g n o s in g t r o u b l e in the e l e c t r i c a l s y s t e m o r e q u ip m e n t; w o r k i n g sta n d a rd c o m p u t a t i o n s r e la t in g to lo a d r e q u i r e m e n t s o f w i r in g o r e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t; and u sin g a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c i a n ' s h a n d t o o ls and m e a s u r i n g and te st in g in s t r u m e n t s . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m a i n t e n a n c e e l e c t r i c i a n r e q u i r e s ro u n d e d tra in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a l l y a c q u i r e d th rou g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t tra in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . E N G IN E -LA T H E O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s an e n gin e lathe f o r shaping e x t e r n a l and in te r n a l c y l i n d r i c a l s u r f a c e s o f m etal o b je cts. T h e e n gin e la th e , b a s i c a l l y c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y a h e a d s t o c k , t a i l s t o c k , and p o w e r - f e d t o o l c a r r i a g e , is a g e n e r a l - p u r p o s e m a c h i n e t o o l u s e d p r i m a r i l y f o r tu rn in g . It is a l s o c o m m o n l y u s e d in p e r f o r m i n g su ch o p e r a t i o n s as f a c i n g , b o r i n g , d r i l l i n g and t h r e a d in g , and eq u ip p ed w ith a p p r o p r i a t e a t t a c h m e n t s , m a y b e u s e d f o r a v e r y w i d e v a r i e t y o f s p e c i a l m a c h in in g o p e r a t i o n s . T h e s t o c k m a y b e held in p o s i t i o n by the lathe " c e n t e r s " o r b y v a r i o u s ty p e s o f c h u c k s and f i x t u r e s . B ench -lath e o p e r a to r s , a u tom atic-lath e o p e r a to r s , s c r e w m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , a u t o m a t i c , and t u r r e t - l a t h e o p e r a t o r s , hand (in clu d in g hand s c r e w m a c h in e ) a r e e x c lu d e d . (F or d escrip tion of cla ss of w ork see m a ch in e -to o l op era tor, p ro d u ctio n .) G R IN D IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R (C e n te rle ss-g rin d e r operator; cy lin d rica l-g rin d e r op erator; extern a l-grin d er op erator; in tern a l-g rin d er op era tor; s u r fa c e -g r in d e r op era tor; U n iv e rs a l-g rin d e r operator) O p e r a t e s on e o f s e v e r a l ty p e s o f p r e c i s i o n e x t e r n a l s u r f a c e s o f m e t a l p a r t s to a s m o o t h and P r e c i s i o n g r in d in g is u s e d p r i m a r i l y as a fin ish in g and c o n s i s t s o f a p p ly in g a b r a s i v e w h e e l s ro ta tin g at 54 g r in d in g m a c h i n e s to g r in d in te r n a l and ev en fi n i s h and to r e q u i r e d d i m e n s i o n s . o p e r a t i o n on p r e v i o u s l y m a c h in e d p a r t s , high s p e e d to the s u r f a c e s to b e g r o u n d . G R IN D IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R — C ontin ued In a d d itio n to the ty p e s o f g rin d in g m a c h i n e s in d ic a t e d a b o v e , th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n in c lu d e s o p e r a t o r s o f o th e r p r o d u c t i o n g rin d in g m a c h i n e s , su ch as s i n g l e - p u r p o s e g r i n d e r s ( d r i l l g r i n d e r s , b r o a c h g r i n d e r s , saw g r i n d e r s , g e a r c u t t e r g r i n d e r s , th r e a d g r i n d e r s , e t c . ) and a u t o m a t ic and se m ia u to m a t;ic g e n e r a l p u r p o s e g rin d in g m a c h i n e s . O p era tors of portable g r i n d e r s a r e e x c lu d e d . (F o r d e scrip tio n of c la s s of w o rk see m a c h in e -t o o l o p e ra to r, p ro d u ctio n .) IN S P E C T O R I n s p e c ts p a r t s , p r o d u c t s , a n d / o r p r o c e s s e s o f the e s t a b l i s h m e n t . P e r f o r m s su ch o p e r a t i o n s as e x a m in in g p a r t s o f p r o d u c t s f o r fla w s and d e f e c t s , c h e c k in g th e ir d im e n s i o n s and a p p e a r a n c e to d e t e r m i n e w h e t h e r th e y m e e t the r e q u i r e d sta n d a rd s and s p e c i f i c a t i o n s . D o e s not in clu d e i n s p e c t o r s in t o o l r o o m s o r i n s p e c t o r s o f p u r c h a s e d p a r t s . C l a s s A . R e s p o n s i b l e f o r d e c i s i o n s r e g a r d i n g the q u a lity o f the p r o d u c t a n d / o r o p e r a t i o n s . W o r k in v o lv e s any c o m b i n a t io n o f the f o l l o w i n g : T h o r o u g h k n o w le d g e o f the p r o c e s s i n g o p e r a t i o n s in the b r a n c h o f w o r k to w h i c h he is a s s i g n e d , in clud ing the u s e o f a v a r i e t y o f p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g in s t r u m e n t s ; in t e r p r e t in g d r a w in g s and s p e c i f i c a t i o n s in in s p e c t i o n w o r k on units c o m p o s e d o f a l a r g e n u m b e r o f c o m p o n e n t p a r t s ; e x a m in in g a v a r i e t y o f p r o d u c t s o r p r o c e s s i n g o p e r a t i o n s ; d e t e r m i n in g c a u s e s o f fla w s in p r o d u c t s a n d /o r p r o c e s s e s and s u g g e s tin g n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e s to c o r r e c t w o r k m e t h o d s ; and d e v is i n g i n s p e c t i o n p r o c e d u r e s f o r new p r o d u c t s . C l a s s B . W o r k in v o lv e s any c o m b i n a t io n o f the f o l l o w i n g : K n o w le d g e o f p r o c e s s i n g o p e r a t i o n s in the b r a n c h o f w o r k to w h i c h he is a s s i g n e d , l i m i t e d to f a m i l i a r p r o d u c t s and p r o c e s s e s o r w h e r e p e r f o r m a n c e is d ep e n d en t on p a s t e x p e r i e n c e ; p e r f o r m i n g in s p e c t i o n o p e r a t i o n s on p r o d u c t s a n d / o r p r o c e s s e s having r i g i d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s , but w h e r e the in s p e c t i o n p r o c e d u r e s in v o lv e a s e q u e n c e o f in s p e c t i o n o p e r a t i o n s , in cluding d e c i s i o n s r e g a r d in g p r o p e r fit o r p e r f o r m a n c e o f s o m e p a r t s ; and u sin g p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g in stru m e n ts. C l a s s C . W o r k i n v o lv e s any c o m b i n a t io n o f the f o l l o w i n g : S h o r t - c y c l e r e p e t i t i v e i n s p e c t i o n o p e r a t i o n s ; u sin g a s t a n d a r d iz e d , s p e c i a l - p u r p o s e m e a s u r i n g in s tr u m e n t r e p e t i t iv e l y ; and v i s u a l e x a m in a t io n o f p a r t s o r p r o d u c t s , r e j e c t i n g units having o b v io u s d e f o r m i t i e s o r fl a w s . JAN ITOR, P O R T E R , OR C L E A N E R (S w e e p e r ; c h a r w o m a n ; ja n i t r e s s ) C le a n s and k e e p s in an o r d e r l y c o n d it i o n f a c t o r y w o r k i n g a r e a s and w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m i s e s o f an o f f i c e , a p a r t m e n t h o u s e , o r c o m m e r c i a l o r o t h e r e s t a b l is h m e n t . D u ties in v o lv e a c o m b i n a t i o n o f the f o l l o w i n g : S w e e p in g , m o p p in g , o r s c r u b b i n g , and p o li s h i n g f l o o r s ; r e m o v i n g c h i p s , t r a s h , and o t h e r r e f u s e ; dusting e q u ip m e n t, fu r n it u r e , o r f i x t u r e s ; p o lis h in g m e t a l fi x t u r e s o r t r i m m i n g s ; p r o v id in g s u p p lie s and m i n o r m a i n t e n a n c e s e r v i c e s ; and c le a n in g l a v a t o r i e s , s h o w e r s , and r e s t r o o m s . W o r k e r s who s p e c i a l i z e in w in d o w w a s h in g a r e e x c lu d e d . L A B O R E R , M A T E R I A L HANDLING ( L o a d e r and u n l o a d e r ; h a n d le r and s t a c k e r ; w a r e h o u s e m a n o r w a r e h o u s e h e lp e r ) sh elver; tru ck er; stockm an or s t o c k h e lp e r ; A w o r k e r e m p l o y e d in a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa c tu r in g p lan t, s t o r e , o r o th e r e s t a b l i s h m ent w h o s e d u tie s in v o lv e one o r m o r e o f the f o l l o w i n g : L o a d in g and u nloadin g v a r i o u s m a t e r i a l s and m e r c h a n d i s e on o r f r o m fr e i g h t c a r s , t r u c k s , o r oth er t r a n s p o r t i n g d e v i c e s ; u n p a ck in g , s h e lv i n g , o r p la c i n g m a t e r i a l s o r m e r c h a n d i s e in p r o p e r s t o r a g e l o c a t io n ; and t r a n s p o r t i n g m a t e r i a l s o r m e r c h a n d i s e b y h a n d t ru ck , c a r , o r w h e e l b a r r o w . L o n g s h o r e m e n , w h o lo a d and u n lo a d ships a r e e x c lu d e d . 55 M A C H I N E - T O O L O P E R A T O R (M IS C E L L A N E O U S ) In clu d e s c e r t a i n s p e c i a l i s t s o p e r a t o r s , as w e l l a s a l l o p e r a t o r s w h o a r e r e q u i r e d a l t e r n a t e l y to o p e r a t e m o r e than one ty p e o f m a c h i n e t o o l ( f o r d e fi n i t io n o f m a c h i n e t o o l s e e m a c h in e -t o o l o p e r a to r , produ ction ). F o r w a g e stu dy p u r p o s e s , s p e c i a l i s t s o p e r a t o r s a r e l i m i t e d to t h o s e on b o r in g m a c h i n e s , g e a r c u t t e r , g e a r f i n i s h e r , p l a n e r , s h a p e r , o r m e t a l cutting ty p e m a c h i n e t o o l s not s p e c i a l l y li s t e d in the g e n e r a l d e fi n i t io n o f m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r , p r o d u c t i o n . ( F o r d e s c r i p t i o n o f c l a s s o f w o r k s e e m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r , p r o d u c t io n .) M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R , PRO DU CTION O p e r a t e s o r tends one o r m o r e n o n p o r t a b l e , p o w e r - d r i v e n m a c h in e t o o l s (in clu d in g n u m e r i c a l l y c o n t r o l l e d m a c h in e t o o l s ) in o r d e r to sh a p e m e t a l b y p r o g r e s s i v e l y r e m o v i n g p o r t i o n s o f the s t o c k in the f o r m o f c h ip s o r s h a v in g s , o r by a b r a s i o n , s u ch a s: A u t o m a t i c lathes B o r in g m a c h i n e s D r i l l p r e s s e s , r a d ia l D r ill p r es s e s , s i n g l e - o r m u l t i p l e - s p i n d l e E n g in e la thes G e a r-cu ttin g m ach in es G e a r -fin is h in g m ach in es G r in d in g m a c h i n e s M a c h in e t o o l s , m i s c e l l a n e o u s 2 M illin g m a c h in e P la n ers S c r e w m a c h i n e s , a u to m a t ic S c r e w m a c h i n e s , hand S h a p e rs T u r r e t la t h e s , a u to m a t ic T u r r e t la t h e s , hand C l a s s A . Sets up m a c h i n e s , b y d e t e r m i n in g p r o p e r f e e d s , s p e e d s , to o lin g and o p e r a t i o n s e q u e n c e o r b y s e l e c t i n g t h o s e p r e s c r i b e d in d r a w i n g s , b l u e p r i n t s , o r la y o u ts; and m a k e s n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s d u rin g o p e r a t i o n s w h e r e c h a n g e s in w o r k and setup a r e r e l a t i v e l y f r e q u e n t , and w h e r e c a r e is e s s e n t i a l to a c h i e v e r e q u i s i t e d i m e n s i o n s o f v e ry c lo s e tolerances. C l a s s B . Sets up m a c h i n e s on s ta n d a rd o r rou g h in g o p e r a t i o n s w h e r e f e e d s , s p e e d s , t o o l in g and o p e r a t i o n s e q u e n c e a r e p r e s c r i b e d o r m a in t a in s o p e r a t i o n setup m a d e by o t h e r s ; and m a k e s a l l n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n t s d u rin g o p e r a t i o n w h e r e c a r e is e s s e n t i a l to a c h e i v e v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s o r w h e r e c h a n g e s in p r o d u c t a r e r e l a t i v e l y fr e q u e n t . C l a s s C . O p e r a t e s m a c h i n e on r o u tin e and r e p e t i t i v e o p e r a t i o n s ; m a k e s on ly m i n o r a d ju s t m e n t s d u rin g o p e r a t i o n s ; and w h e n t r o u b l e o c c u r s sto p s m a c h i n e and c a l l s f o r e m a n , le a d m a n , o r setup m a n to c o r r e c t the o p e r a t i o n . M A C H IN E -TO O L O P E R A T O R , TOOLROOM S p e c i a l i z e s in the o p e r a t i o n o f one o r m o r e t y p e s o f m a c h in e t o o l s s u ch as jig b o r e r s , c y l i n d r i c a l o r s u r f a c e g r i n d e r s , e n gin e la t h e s , o r m i l l i n g m a c h i n e s in the c o n s t r u c t i o n o f m a c h i n e - s h o p t o o l s , g a g e s , j i g s , f i x t u r e s , o r d i e s . W o r k i n v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g and p e r f o r m i n g d if f ic u lt m a c h in in g o p e r a t i o n s ; p r o c e s s i n g it e m s r e q u i r i n g c o m p l i c a t e d se tu p s o r a h igh d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; u sin g a v a r i e t y o f p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g in s t r u m e n t s ; s e l e c t i n g f e e d s , s p e e d s , t o o l in g and o p e r a t i o n s e q u e n c e ; and m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s tm e n t s d u rin g o p e r a t i o n to a c h i e v e r e q u i s i t e t o l e r a n c e s o r d i m e n s i o n s . M a y b e r e q u i r e d to r e c o g n i z e w h en t o o l s n e e d d r e s s i n g , to d r e s s t o o l s , and to s e l e c t p r o p e r c o o l a n t s and cu tting and lu b r i c a t i n g o i l s . F o r w a g e s u r v e y p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d a c c o r d i n g to the n u m b e r o f ty p e s o f m a c h i n e t o o l s th ey n o r m a l l y a r e r e q u i r e d to o p e r a t e , as f o l l o w s : O p e r a t e s o n ly one ty p e o f m a c h i n e t o o l . O p e r a t e s m o r e than one ty p e o f m a c h in e t o o l . 2 Includes operators of machine tools not specifically listed above but within the general definition of operators of machine tools of the metal-cutting type, as well as operators required alternately to operate more than one type of machine tool. 56 M A C H I N IS T , M A IN T E N A N C E P r o d u c e s r e p l a c e m e n t p a r t s and new p a r t s in m a k in g r e p a i r s o f m e t a l p a r t s in m e c h a n i c a l e q u ip m e n t o p e r a t e d in an e s t a b l is h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : I n te r p r e tin g w r i t t e n in s t r u c t i o n s and s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; planning and laying out o f w o r k ; u sin g a v a r i e t y o f m a c h i n i s t ' s h a n d to o ls and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g i n s t r u m e n t s ; setting up and o p e r a t i n g sta n d a rd m a c h in e t o o l s ; shaping o f m e t a l p a r t s to c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; m a k in g s ta n d a rd shop c o m p u ta ti o n s re la t in g to d im e n s i o n s o f w o r k , t o o l i n g , f e e d s and s p e e d s o f m a c h in i n g ; k n o w le d g e o f the w o r k i n g p r o p e r t i e s o f the c o m m o n m e t a l s ; s e l e c t i n g sta n d a rd m a t e r i a l s , p a r t s , and e q u ip m e n t r e q u i r e d f o r h is w o r k ; fitting and a s s e m b l i n g p a r t s into m e c h a n i c a l e q u ip m e n t. In g e n e r a l , the m a c h i n i s t ' s w o r k n o r m a l l y r e q u ir e ^ a r o u n d e d tra in in g in m a c h i n e - s h o p p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t tra in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . M A C H IN IS T , P R O D U C T IO N F a b r i c a t e s m e t a l p a r t s in v o lv in g a s e r i e s o f p r o g r e s s i v e o p e r a t i o n s . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : In te r p r e tin g w r i t t e n i n s t r u c t i o n s and s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; planning and la ying out w o r k ; u sin g a v a r i e t y o f m a c h i n i s t ' s h a n d too ls and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g in s t r u m e n t s ; settin g up and o p e r a t i n g sta n d a rd m a c h i n e t o o l s ; sh aping m e t a l p a r t s to c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; m a k in g sta n d a rd shop c o m p u t a t i o n s r e la t in g to d i m e n s i o n s o f w o r k , t o o l i n g , f e e d s and s p e e d s o f m a c h in i n g ; k n o w le d g e o f the w o r k i n g p r o p e r t i e s o f the c o m m o n m e t a l s ; s e le c t in g sta n d a rd m a t e r i a l s , p a r ts , and eq u ip m e n t n e e d e d f o r his w o r k ; fitting and a s s e m b l i n g p a r t s . In g e n e r a l , the m a c h i n i s t ' s w o r k n o r m a l l y r e q u i r e s a ro u n d e d tra in in g in m a c h i n e - s h o p p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a len t tra in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . M E C H A N IC , M A IN T E N A N C E R e p a i r s m a c h i n e r y o r m e c h a n i c a l e q u ip m en t o f an e s t a b l is h m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : E xa m in in g m a c h i n e s and m e c h a n i c a l e q u ip m e n t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b l e ; d is m a n t lin g o r p a r t l y d is m a n t lin g m a c h in e s and p e r f o r m i n g r e p a i r s that m a i n l y in v o lv e the u s e o f h a n d to o ls in s c r a p in g and fitting p a r t s ; r e p l a c i n g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t i v e p a r t s w ith it e m s o b ta in e d f r o m s to c k ; o r d e r i n g the p r o d u c t i o n o f a r e p l a c e m e n t p a r t b y a m a c h in e shop o r sending o f the m a c h i n e to a m a c h in e shop f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s ; p r e p a r i n g w r i t t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s fo r m a j o r r e p a i r s o r f o r the p r o d u c t i o n o f p a r t s o r d e r e d f r o m m a c h in e shop; r e a s s e m b l i n g m a c h i n e s ; and m a k in g a l l n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s f o r o p e r a t i o n . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f a m a i n t e n a n c e m e c h a n i c r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d tra in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t tra in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . E x c lu d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y d u ties in v o lv e setting up o r a d ju stin g m a c h i n e s . M I L L I N G -M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R ( M i l l i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r , a u t o m a t ic ; m i l l i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r , hand) P e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f w o r k s u c h a s g r o o v i n g , p la n n in g , and shaping m e t a l o b j e c t s on a m i l l i n g m a c h i n e , w h i c h r e m o v e s m a t e r i a l f r o m m e t a l s u r f a c e s b y the cu tting a c t i o n o f m u lt ito o t h e d rota tin g c u t t e r s o f v a r i o u s s i z e s and s h a p e s . M i l l i n g - m a c h i n e ty p e s v a r y f r o m the m a n u a lly c o n t r o l l e d m a c h i n e s e m p l o y e d in unit p r o d u c t i o n to fu ll y a u t o m a t ic ( c o n v e y o r - f e d ) m a c h i n e s fou n d in p lan ts e n g a g e d in m a s s p r o d u c t i o n . F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s , o p e r a t o r s o f s i n g l e - p u r p o s e m i l l e r s su ch a s th r e a d m i l l e r s , d u p l i c a t o r s , d i e s i n k e r s , p a n to g r a p h m i l l e r s and en g ra v in g m i l l e r s a r e e x c lu d e d . ( F o r d e s c r i p t i o n o f c l a s s o f w o r k s e e m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e ra to r, p ro d u ctio n .) P O L IS H E R A ND B U F F E R , M E T A L P o l i s h e s v a r i o u s m e t a l o b j e c t s in o r d e r to p r o d u c e a s m o o t h s u r f a c e o r a high lu s t e r b y h o ld in g a g a in s t r a p id l y ro ta tin g w h e e l s m a d e o f m a t e r i a l s s u c h as m u s l i n , p a p e r , le a t h e r , s h e e p s k in , fe lt, a n d / o r b l o c k - w h e e l s m a d e o f w o o d , a n d / o r s t r a p s and b e l t s m a d e o f c a n v a s , le a t h e r , r u b b e r , e t c . , a n d / o r r e f l e x i b l e sh a fts and d i s c w h e e l s . W o r k in v o lv e s any c o m b i n a t i o n o f the f o l l o w i n g : T h e a tta in m en t o f a s m o o t h s u r f a c e and the r e m o v a l o f fla w s and m a c h in e m a r k s on a v a r i e t y o f o b j e c t s in v o lv in g the m a i n t e n a n c e o f c o n t o u r s , ra d ii, and u n i f o r m i t y o f shape; p o li s h i n g to c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; s e l e c t i o n o f p r o p e r w h e e l s , sh a fts , b e l t s , a b r a s i v e s , and p o li s h i n g c o m p o u n d s ; setting up the eq u ip m e n t and m a in ta in in g o f w h e e l s . In g e n e r a l , p o l i s h e r s and b u f f e r s in c lu d e d in th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a r e r e q u i r e d to p e r f o r m o p e r a t i o n s w h i c h in v o lv e a ro u n d e d k n o w le d g e o f the tr a d e s u c h a s is u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th rou g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a le n t tra in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . 57 P O L IS H IN G - A N D B U F F I N G - M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R P o l i s h e s m e t a l o b j e c t s to p r o d u c e a s m o o t h s u r f a c e a n d / o r h igh lu s t e r b y h old in g a g a in s t r a p i d l y ro ta tin g w h e e l s , b e lt s o r s t r a p s on a m a c h in e s e t up to a c h i e v e a s p e c i a l i z e d p h a s e o f p o li s h i n g on a r e p e t i t i v e b a s i s . W o r k i n v o lv e s one o f the f o l l o w i n g : Setting up and o p e r a t i n g m a c h in e w h e r e w h e e l s and a b r a s i v e s and p o li s h i n g c o m p o u n d s a r e p r e s c r i b e d ; p o li s h i n g in v o lv in g the m a i n t e n a n c e o f c o n t o u r s , r a d ii , and u n i f o r m i t y o f sh a p e on m a c h i n e s se t up b y o t h e r s ; s e l e c t i o n o f p o li s h i n g c o m p o u n d s and a b r a s i v e s on m a c h i n e s set up b y o t h e r s . P U N C H -PR E S S O P E R A T O R one o r a stock or m ach in e of stock F e e d s and o p e r a t e s a p o w e r p r e s s eq u ip p e d w ith s p e c i a l p r o d u c t i o n d ie s that p e r f o r m c o m b i n a t i o n o f cutting and shaping o p e r a t i o n s on the s t o c k . In d ivid u al p i e c e s o f p a r t l y f a b r i c a t e d units m a y b e p o s i t i o n e d in the m a c h i n e b y the o p e r a t o r , o r the m a y b e eq u ip p e d w ith a fe e d in g d e v i c e that a u t o m a t i c a l l y p o s i t i o n s s in g le p i e c e s o r r e p e t i t i v e l y p o s i t i o n s s t r i p o r sh e e t s t o c k f o r s u c c e s s i v e o p e r a t i o n s . P u n c h p r e s s e s a r e c o m m o n l y d e s ig n a t e d b y fu n c tio n a l n a m e s d e r i v e d f r o m the o p e r a t i o n th ey p e r f o r m , su ch as blanking p r e s s o r f o r m i n g p r e s s ; by n a m e s d e s c r i p t i v e o f the f r a m e , s u ch as a r c h p r e s s ; o r by n a m e s that in d ic a t e how the p o w e r is t r a n s m i t t e d , s u ch a s c r a n k p r e s s o r t o g g l e p r e s s . C l a s s A . W o r k i n v o lv e s any c o m b i n a t i o n o f the f o l l o w i n g : D i f f i c u l t p o s it io n in g o f w o r k units b e c a u s e o f s i z e o r s h a p e , o r ty p e o f o p e r a t i o n to b e p e r f o r m e d ; p r o c e s s i n g u n u s u a lly l a r g e w o r k that is p o s i t i o n e d in the p r e s s w ith the a id o f o th e r w o r k e r s ; p r o c e s s i n g w o r k units that m u s t be s t e a d i e d w h ile o p e r a t i o n s a r e b e in g p e r f o r m e d ; d ee p d ra w in g o r f o r m i n g o p e r a t i o n s r e q u ir i n g c a r e f u l p o s it io n in g o f w o r k and p r o m p t r e c o g n itio n o f fa u lty o p e r a t i o n ; s h o r t - r u n w o r k r e q u ir i n g a b il it y to p e r f o r m a v a r i e t y o f p u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t i o n s o r to o p e r a t e s e v e r a l ty p e s o f p r e s s e s ; e x a m in in g output and m a k in g a d ju s t m e n t s as n e c e s s a r y to m a in ta in p r o d u c t i o n w ith in s t a n d a r d s ; se tt in g , a lin in g and a d ju stin g d ie s and f i x t u r e s in the p r e s s . C l a s s B . R e q u i r e d m a i n l y to f e e d , c o n t r o l , and e x a m i n e o p e r a t i o n o f the p r e s s , and w h e n t r o u b l e o c c u r s to c a l l on f o r e m a n , l e a d m a n , o r d ie m a k e r to c o r r e c t the s itu a tio n . W o r k in v o lv e s on e o r m o r e o f the f o l l o w i n g : P e r f o r m i n g s in g l e o p e r a t i o n s , su ch as p u n ch in g , b la n k in g , o r p i e r c i n g on s m a l l o r m e d i u m s i z e s t o c k e a s i l y p o s i t i o n e d by hand; fe e d in g s m a l l units into the p r e s s f r o m a f e e d r a c e o r chute; loa d in g and tending a p r e s s eq u ip p e d w ith a fe e d in g d e v i c e f o r handling a s t r i p o r sh e e t s t o c k , o r a d ia l d r u m , m a g a z i n e , o r h o p p e r f e e d f o r handling in d iv id u a l s t o c k b la n k s. SCREW -M ACH IN E O P E R A T O R , A U T O M A TIC O p e r a t e s one o r m o r e m u l t i p l e - o r s ingle - sp in d le a u to m a t ic s c r e w m a c h i n e s . A u t o m a t ic s c r e w m a c h i n e s a r e p r o d u c t i o n turning m a c h i n e s w ith a u t o m a t i c - f e e d c y c l e d e s ig n e d to p r o d u c e p a r t s f r o m b a r o r tube s t o c k fe d a u t o m a t i c a l l y th rou g h s p in d le s o r the h ea d s t o c k . T h e s e m a c h i n e s , eq u ip p ed w ith f r o m 1 to 8 s p in d le s o r a t u r r e t , a u t o m a t i c a l l y p e r f o r m and r e p e a t a c y c l e o f o p e r a t i o n s on e a ch length o f s t o c k fe d into the m a c h i n e . ( F o r d e s c r i p t i o n of c la s s of w ork, see m a c h in e -t o o l o p e ra to r, p ro d u ctio n .) SETUP MAN, M A CH IN E T O O L S Sets up m a c h in e t o o l s so that m e t a l - f a b r i c a t i n g o p e r a t i o n s ca n b e m a in t a in e d by o p e r a t o r s o f t h e s e m a c h i n e s . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : W o r k in g f r o m d r a w i n g s , b l u e p r i n t s , jo b l a y - o u t s , o r o th e r w r i t t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; d e t e r m i n in g f e e d s , s p e e d s , to o lin g and o p e r a t i o n s e q u e n c e ; in sta llin g cu tting t o o l s and a d ju stin g g u i d e s , s t o p s , w o r k i n g ta b le s, and o th e r c o n t r o l s to handle the s i z e o f s t o c k to b e m a c h in e d ; o p e r a t i n g and a d ju sting m a c h i n e s until p a r t s p r o d u c e d c o n f o r m w ith s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; and, a ft e r turning o v e r m a c h i n e s to r e g u l a r o p e r a t o r s , m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s to setu p s d u rin g c o u r s e o f o p e r a t i o n to m a in ta in a ccu ra te p rod u ction . 58 T O O L A N D DIE M A K E R (D ie m a k e r ; m o l d m a k e r ; jig m a k e r ; t o o l m a k e r ; fi x t u r e m a k e r ; g a g e m a k e r ) C o n s t r u c t s and r e p a i r s m a c h i n e - s h o p t o o l s , g a g e s , j i g s , fi x t u r e s o r d i e s f o r f o r g i n g s , punching and o th e r m e t a l o r p l a s t i c s - f o r m i n g w o r k . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g and laying out o f w o r k f r o m m o d e l s , b l u e p r i n t s , d r a w i n g s , o r o th e r o r a l and w r i t t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u sin g a v a r i e t y o f t o o l and d ie m a k e r ' s h a n d t o o ls and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g in s t r u m e n t s ; u n d e rst a n d in g o f the w o r k i n g p r o p e r t i e s o f c o m m o n m e t a l s and a l l o y s ; setting up and o p e r a tin g o f m a c h in e t o o l s and r e l a t e d eq u ip m en t; m a k in g n e c e s s a r y shop c o m p u t a t i o n s r e la t in g to d i m e n s i o n s o f w o r k , s p e e d s , f e e d s , and t o o lin g o f m a c h i n e s ; h ea ttrea tin g o f m e t a l p a r t s d u rin g f a b r i c a t i o n as w e l l as o f f i n i s h e d t o o l s and d ie s to a c h i e v e r e q u i r e d q u a lit ie s ; w o r k in g to c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; fitting and a s s e m b l i n g o f p a r t s to p r e s c r i b e d t o l e r a n c e s and a l l o w a n c e s ; s e l e c t i n g a p p r o p r i a t e m a t e r i a l s , t o o l s , and p r o c e s s e s . In g e n e r a l , the t o o l and d ie m a k e r ' s w o r k r e q u i r e s a r o u n d e d tra in in g in m a c h i n e sh op and t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u i r e d th ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u iv a len t tra in in g and e x p e r i e n c e . E x c l u d e s d ie s i n k e r s . F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s , t o o l and d ie m a k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d as f o l l o w s : T o o l and d ie m a k e r s ( j o b b i n g ) . W o r k e r s m a k in g d ie s and t o o l s , d ie s e t s , f i x t u r e s , e t c . , as the end p r o d u c t o f the e s t a b l is h m e n t . T o o l and d ie m a k e r s and t o o l s , d ie s e t s , ji g s jig s and (o t h e r than j o b b i n g ) . W o r k e r s m a k in g a n d / o r m a inta in in g d ie s and f i x t u r e s , e t c . , f o r u s e w ith in the e s t a b l is h m e n t . TOOL CLERK (S t o r e s c l e r k ; t o o l c h e c k e r ; t o o l c r i b attendant; t o o l h a n d le r ; t o o l k e e p e r ; t o o lm a n ) R e c e i v e s , s t o r e s , and i s s u e s h a n d t o o ls , m a c h in e t o o l s , d i e s , and e q u ip m e n t, su ch as m e a s u r i n g d e v i c e s and m a t e r i a l s , in in d u s t r ia l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . W o r k c o n s i s t s o f m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : K e e p s r e c o r d s o f lo a n e d t o o l s ; s e a r c h e s f o r lo s t o r m i s p l a c e d t o o l s ; p r e p a r e s p e r i o d i c in v e n t o r y and r e q u i s i t i o n s s t o c k as n e e d e d ; u n p a ck s and s t o r e s new e q u i p m e n t; and r e p o r t s d a m a g e d and w o r n - o u t e q u ip m en t to s u p e r i o r s . M a y c a r r y t o o l s o r m o v e th e m on t r u c k s to w o r k e r s , and m a y m a k e m i n o r t o o l r e p a i r s . T U R R E T - L A T H E O P E R A T O R , HAND (INCLUDING HAND S C R E W M A CHINE) O p e r a t e s a lathe eq u ip p e d w ith a t u r r e t u s e d to p r e s e n t a n u m b e r o f cu tting t o o l s , r e q u i t e d f o r a c y c l e o f m a c h in in g o p e r a t i o n s , to the w o r k in s e q u e n c e . O p e r a t io n s c o m m o n l y p e r f o r m e d on a t u r r e t lathe in c lu d e tu rn in g , f a c i n g , b o r i n g , d r i l l i n g , and t h r e a d in g . T h e ■••perator r o t a t e s o r in d e x e s the t u r r e t to b rin g the t o o l s t o w a r d the w o r k f o r e a c h o p e r a t i o n . In d ivid u al w o r k p i e c e s , su ch as f o r g i n g s and c a s t i n g s , a r e h e ld in a c h u c k o r the lathe m a y be eq u ip p e d with a b a r s t o c k fe e d in g d e v i c e to p r e s e n t the c o r r e c t le n gth o f s t o c k to the t o o l s at the beg in n in g o f e a c h c y c l e o f o p e r a t i o n s . ( F o r d e s c r i p t i o n o f c l a s s o f w o r k , s e e m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r , p r o d u c t io n .) W E L D E R , HAND F u s e s (w e ld s ) m e t a l o b j e c t s by m e a n s o f an o x y a c e t y l e n e t o r c h o r a r c w e ld in g a p p a ra tu s in the f a b r i c a t i o n o f m e t a l sh a p e s and in r e p a i r i n g b r o k e n o r c r a c k e d m e t a l o b j e c t s . In a d d itio n to p e r f o r m i n g hand w e ld in g o r b r a z i n g o p e r a t i o n , the w e l d e r m a y a l s o la y out g u id e lin e s o r m a r k s on m e t a l p a r t s and m a y cut m e t a l w ith cutting t o r c h . C l a s s A . P e r f o r m s w e ld in g o p e r a t i o n s r e q u i r i n g m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : P la n n in g and la ying out o f w o r k f r o m d r a w i n g s , b lu e p r in t s , o r o th e r w r i t t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; k n o w le d g e o f w e ld in g p r o p e r t i e s o f a v a r i e t y o f m e t a l s and a l l o y s , setting up w o r k and d e t e r m i n in g o p e r a t i o n s e q u e n c e ; w e ld in g high p r e s s u r e v e s s e l s o r o th e r o b j e c t s in v olv in g c r i t i c a l s a f e t y and lo a d r e q u i r e m e n t s ; and w o r k i n g f r o m a v a r i e t y o f p o s i t i o n s . C l a s s B . P e r f o r m s w e ld in g o p e r a t i o n s on r e p e t i t i v e w o r k , w h e r e no c r i t i c a l s a fe t y and lo a d r e q u i r e m e n t s a r e in v o lv e d ; w h e r e the w o r k c a l l s m a i n l y f o r o n e - p o s i t i o n w e ld in g ; and w h e r e the layou t and planning o f the w o r k a r e p e r f o r m e d by o t h e r s . 59 W E L D E R , M A CH IN E (Butt w e l d e r ; f l a s h w e l d e r ; seam w eld er; sp ot w e l d e r ) O p e r a t e s on e o r m o r e ty p e s o f r e s i s t a n c e w e ld in g a p p a r a tu s to w e l d (bond) t o g e t h e r m e t a l o b j e c t s s u c h a s b a r s , p i p e s , and p l a t e s . R e s i s t a n c e w e ld in g is a p r o c e s s w h e r e i n an e l e c t r i c c u r r e n t is p a s s e d th ro u g h the p a r t s to b e w e l d e d at the p oin t o f c o n t a c t , and m e c h a n i c a l p r e s s u r e is a p p li e d f o r c i n g the c o n t a c t s u r f a c e s t o g e t h e r at the p o in ts to b e jo i n e d . W e ld in g m a c h i n e s a r e g e n e r a l l y d e s ig n e d a c c o r d i n g to ty p e o f w e l d p e r f o r m e d and a r r a n g e m e n t o f w e ld in g s u r f a c e s o f p a r t s to b e jo i n e d . W e ld s m a y b e m a d e on o v e r l a p p i n g units in the f o r m o f one sp ot o r m o r e (s p o t w e ld in g ) o r li n e a l l y b y u sin g a r o l l i n g e l e c t r o d e (se a m w eldin g). M a c h in e w e l d in g o f units w h e r e the e d g e s a r e b r o u g h t t o g e t h e r w ith ou t lapping is r e f e r r e d to as butt w e l d in g . C l a s s A . W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f the f o l lo w in g : W o r k in g f r o m la you t o r o th e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; k n o w le d g e o f w e ld in g p r o p e r t i e s o f a v a r i e t y o f m e t a l s and a l l o y s ; s e l e c t ing and setting up w o r k - h o l d i n g f i x t u r e s and e l e c t r o d e s ; d e t e r m i n a t i o n o f p r o p e r p r e s s u r e s , t e m p e r a t u r e s , t i m i n g , and flo w o f c u r r e n t ; d e t e r m i n a t i o n o f n u m b e r and sp a c in g o f w e l d s ; p o s it io n in g and w e l d in g u nits w ith o r w ith ou t f i x t u r e s ; and u sin g s u c h h a n d t o o ls as h a m m e r s , p l i e r s , f i l e s , and w r e n c h e s . C l a s s B . W o r k i n v o l v e s : P e r f o r m i n g r e p e t i t i v e w e l d in g o p e r a t i o n s on s ta n d a rd units w h e r e c u r r e n t se tt in g s and e l e c t r o d e s a r e p r e s c r i b e d o r set b y o t h e r s ; and u sin g fi x t u r e s f o r p o s it io n in g w o r k o r p o s it io n in g b y hand s m a l l p a r t s r e q u i r i n g s i m p l e w e ld in g operations. 60 Industry W age Studies T h e m o s t r e c e n t r e p o r t s f o r i n d u s t r i e s in c l u d e d in the B u r e a u ' s p r o g r a m o f industryw a g e s u r v e y s s i n c e J a n u a r y 1950 a r e l i s t e d b e l o w . T h o s e f o r w h i c h a p r i c e is sh ow n a r e a v a i l a b l e f r o m the S u p e r in te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U. S. G o v e r n m e n t P r in t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h in g to n , D. C. , 2 0 4 0 2 , o r any o f its r e g i o n a l s a l e s o f f i c e s . T h o s e f o r w h ic h a p r i c e is not s h o w n m a y b e o b ta in e d f r e e as lo n g as a su p p ly is a v a i l a b l e , f r o m the B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s , W a s h in g t o n , D„ C. , 2 0 2 1 2 , o r f r o m any o f the r e g i o n a l o f f i c e s sh o w n on the in side back c o v e r . I. O c c u p a t i o n a l W a g e S tudies M a n u f a c t u r in g B a s i c I r o n and S t e e l , 1967. B L S B u l le t i n 1602 (55 c e n t s ) . C a n d y and O t h e r C o n f e c t i o n e r y P r o d u c t s , 1965. B L S B u l le t i n 1520 (30 c e n t s ) . ^ C an n in g and F r e e z i n g , 1957. B L S R e p o r t 136. C i g a r M a n u f a c t u r i n g , 1967. B L S B u l le t i n 1581 (25 c e n t s ) . C i g a r e t t e M a n u f a c t u r in g , 1965. B L S B u l le t i n 1472 (20 c e n t s ) . C o tto n and M a n - M a d e F i b e r T e x t i l e s , 1968. B L S B u l le t i n 1637 ( $ 1 ) . D i s t i l l e d L i q u o r s , 1952. S e r i e s 2, N o . 88. F a b r i c a t e d S t r u c t u r a l S t e e l, 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1463 (30 c e n t s ) . F e r t i l i z e r M a n u f a c t u r in g , 1966. B L S B u l le t i n 1531 (30 c e n t s ) . F l o u r and O t h e r G r a i n M i l l P r o d u c t s , 1967. B L S B u l le t i n 1576 (25 c e n t s ) . F lu id M il k In d u s tr y , 1964. B L S B u l le t i n 1464 (30 c e n t s ) . F o o t w e a r , 1968. B L S B u l le t i n 1634 (75 c e n t s ) . H o s i e r y , 1967. B L S B u l le t i n 1562 (70 c e n t s ) . I n d u s t r ia l C h e m i c a l s , 1965. B L S B u l le t i n 1529 (40 c e n t s ) . I r o n and S te e l F o u n d r i e s , 1967. B L S B u l le t i n 1626 ( $ 1 ) . L e a t h e r T anning and F i n i s h i n g , 1968. B L S B u lle tin 1618 (55 c e n t s ) . M a c h i n e r y M a n u f a c t u r in g , 1966. B L S B u l le t i n 1563 (70 c e n t s ) . M e a t P r o d u c t s , 1963. B L S B u l le t i n 1415 (75 c e n t s ) . M e n 's and B o y s ' S h irts ( E x c e p t W o r k S h i r t s ) and N i g h t w e a r , 1968. B L S B u l le t i n 1659 (6 5 c e n t s ) . M e n ' s and B o y s ' Suits and C o a t s , 1967. B L S B u l le t i n 1594 (75 c e n t s ) . M i s c e l l a n e o u s P l a s t i c s P r o d u c t s , 1964. B L S B u l le t i n 1439 (35 c e n t s ) . M i s c e l l a n e o u s T e x t i l e s , 1953. B L S R e p o r t 56. M o t o r V e h i c l e s and M o t o r V e h i c l e P a r t s , 1963. B L S B u l le t i n 1393 (45 c e n t s ) . N on ferrou s F ou n d ries, P a i n t s and V a r n i s h e s , 1965. 1965. B L S B u l le t i n 1498 (40 c e n t s ) . B L S B u lle tin 1524 (40 c e n t s ). P a p e r b o a r d C o n t a in e r s and B o x e s , 1964. B L S B u l le t i n 1478 (70 c e n t s ) . P e t r o l e u m R e fin in g , 1965. B L S B u l le t i n 1526 (30 c e n t s ) . P r e s s e d o r B lo w n G l a s s and G l a s s w a r e , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1424 (30 c e n t s ) . ^ P r o c e s s e d W a s t e , 1957. B L S R e p o r t 124. P u l p , P a p e r , and P a p e r b o a r d M i l l s , 1967. B L S B u l le t i n 1608 (60 c e n t s ) . R a d i o , T e l e v i s i o n , and R e la t e d P r o d u c t s , 1951. S e r i e s -2, N o. 84. R a i l r o a d C a r s , 1952. S e r i e s 2, N o . 86. ♦ R aw S u g a r , 1957. B L S R e p o r t 136. S o u th e rn S a w m i l l s and P la n in g M i l l s , 1965. B L S B u l le t i n 1519 (30 c e n t s ) . S t r u c t u r a l C la y P r o d u c t s , 1964. B L S B u l le t i n 1459 (45 c e n t s ) . S y n th e tic F i b e r s , 1966. B L S B u l le t i n 1540 (30 c e n t s ) . T e x t i l e D y e in g and F in i s h i n g , 1965—66. B L S B u lle tin 1527 (45 c e n t s ) . ♦ T o b a c c o S t e m m in g and R e d r y i n g , 1957. B L S R e p o r t 136. * Studies of the effects of the $1 minimum wage. I. O c c u p a t i o n a l W a g e S tu d ie s — C on tin u e d M a n u f a c t u r i n g — C o n tin u ed W e s t C o a s t S a w m i l l i n g , 1964. B L S B u l le t i n 1455 (30 c e n t s ) . W o m e n ' s and M i s s e s ’ C o a ts and S u its , 1965. B L S B u l le t i n 1508 (25 c e n t s ) . W o m e n ' s and M i s s e s ' D r e s s e s , 1968. B L S B u l le t i n 1649 (4 5 c e n t s ) . W o o d H o u s e h o l d F u r n i t u r e , E x c e p t U p h o l s t e r e d , 1965. B L S B u l le t i n 1496 (40 c e n t s ) . * W o o d e n C o n t a i n e r s , 1957. B L S R e p o r t 126. W o o l T e x t i l e s , 1966. B L S B u l le t i n 1551 (45 c e n t s ) . W o r k C lo t h in g , 1968. B L S B u l le t i n 1624 (50 c e n t s ) . N o n m a n u fa c t u r i n g A uto D e a l e r R e p a i r S h o p s , 1964. B L S B u l le t i n 1452 (30 c e n t s ) . B a n k i n g , 1964. B L S B u l le t i n 1466 (30 c e n t s ) . B it u m i n o u s C o a l M in i n g , 1967. B L S B u l le t i n 1583 (50 c e n t s ) . C o m m u n i c a t i o n s , 1967. B L S B u l le t i n 1615 (30 c e n t s ) . C o n t r a c t C le a n in g S e r v i c e s , 1968. B L S B u l le t i n 1644 (55 c e n t s ) . C r u d e P e t r o l e u m and N a t u r a l G as P r o d u c t i o n , 1967. B L S B u l le t i n 1566 (30 c e n t s ) . D e p a r t m e n t and W o m e n ' s R e a d y - t o - W e a r S t o r e s , 1950. S e r i e s 2, N o . 78. E a tin g and D r in k in g P l a c e s , 1966—67. B L S B u lle tin 1588 (40 c e n t s ) . E l e c t r i c and G a s U t i l i t i e s , 1967. B L S B u l l e t i n 1614 (70 c e n t s ) . H o s p i t a l s , 1966. B L S B u l le t i n 1553 (70 c e n t s ) . H o t e l s and M o t e l s , 1966—67. B L S B u l le t i n 1587 (40 c e n t s ) . L a u n d r y and C le a n in g S e r v i c e s , 1968. B L S B u l le t i n 1645 (75 c e n t s ) . L i f e I n s u r a n c e , 1966. B L S B u l le t i n 1569 (30 c e n t s ) . M o t i o n P i c t u r e T h e a t e r s , 1966. B L S B u l le t i n 1542 (35 c e n t s ) . N u r s i n g H o m e s and R e la t e d F a c i l i t i e s , 1967—68. B L S B u l le t i n 1638 (75 c e n t s ) . II. O t h e r I n d u stry W a g e S tu d ie s F a c t o r y W o r k e r s ' E a rn in g s— D istrib u tion by S tr a ig h t-T im e H ou rly E a rn in g s , B L S B u l le t i n 1252 (40 c e n t s ) . F a c t o r y W o r k e r s ' E a r n i n g s — S e l e c t e d M a n u f a c t u r in g I n d u s t r i e s , 1959. B L S B u l le t i n 1275 (35 c e n t s ) . 1958. E m p l o y e e E a r n i n g s and H o u r s in N o n m e t r o p o l i t a n A r e a s o f the South and N o r t h C e n t r a l R e g i o n s , 1965. B L S B u l le t i n 1552 (50 c e n t s ) . E m p l o y e e E a r n i n g s and H o u r s in E ig h t M e t r o p o l i t a n A r e a s o f the S ou th , 1965. B L S B u l le t i n 1533 (40 c e n t s ) . E m p l o y e e E a r n i n g s and H o u r s in R e t a il T r a d e , June 1966— R e t a il T r a d e ( O v e r a l l S u m m a r y ) . B L S B u l le t i n 1584 ( $ 1 ) . B u i ld in g M a t e r i a l s , H a r d w a r e , and F a r m E q u i p m e n t D e a l e r s . B L S B u l le t i n 1 5 8 4 -1 (30 c e n t s ) . G e n e r a l M e r c h a n d i s e S t o r e s . B L S B u l le t i n 1 5 8 4 -2 (55 c e n t s ) . F o o d S t o r e s . B L S B u l le t i n 1 5 8 4 -3 (60 c e n t s ) A u t o m o t i v e D e a l e r s and G a s o l i n e S e r v i c e S ta t i o n s . B L S B u l le t i n 1 5 8 4 - 4 (50 c e n t s ) . A p p a r e l and A c c e s s o r y S t o r e s . B L S B u l le t i n 1 5 8 4 -5 (55 c e n t s ) . F u r n i t u r e , H o m e F u r n i s h i n g s , and H o u s e h o l d A p p l i a n c e S t o r e s . B L S B u l le t i n 1 5 8 4 -6 (50 c e n t s ) . M i s c e l l a n e o u s R e t a il S t o r e s . B L S B u l le t i n 1 5 8 4 -7 (65 c e n t s ) . * Studies of the effects of the $1 minimum wage. *U.S„ GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1970 O - 389- BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS REGIONAL OFFICES R e g io n II R e g io n I 341 Ninth A v e . 1 6 0 3 -B F ederal B uilding N ew Y ork , N. Y . 10001 G overn m en t C enter P hone: 9 7 1 -5 4 0 5 (A rea C od e 2 12 ) Boston, M ass. 0 2203 P hone: 2 2 3 -6 7 6 2 (A rea C ode 6 1 7 ) R e g io n III 4 06 Penn Square B uilding 1317 F ilbert St. P h ila d e lp h ia , Pa. 19107 Phone: 5 9 7 -7 7 9 6 (A rea C od e 2 1 5 ) R e g io n IV S uite 5 40 1371 P ea ch tree St. NE. A tla n ta , G a. 3 03 09 P hone: 5 2 6 -5 4 1 8 (A rea C od e 4 0 4 ) R e g io n VI R e g io n V 219 South D earborn St. 3 37 M a y flo w e r B uilding C h ic a g o , 111. 6 06 04 411 North A k a rd St. P hone: 3 5 3 -7 2 3 0 (A rea C od e 3 1 2 ) D a lla s, T e x . 75201 P hone: 7 4 9 -3 5 1 6 (A rea C od e 2 1 4 ) R eg ion s VII and VIII F ederal O ffic e B uilding 911 W a ln u t St. , 10th F loor Kansas C ity , M o. 6 4106 P hone: 3 7 4 -2 4 8 1 (A rea C od e 8 16 ) R eg ion s IX and X 4 50 G o ld e n G ate A v e . Box 3 60 17 San F ra n cisco, C a lif. 94102 P hone: 5 5 6 -4 6 7 8 (A rea C od e 4 1 5 ) * ** R eg ion s VII a n d VIII w ill be se r v ic e d b y Kansas C ity. R eg ion s IX and X w ill be s e r v ic e d b y San F ra n cisco. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS W A S H I N G T O N , D. C. 20212 OFFICIAL BUSINESS T H IR D CLASS M A IL
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