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E a rn in g s a n d S u p p le m e n ta r y B e n e fits in H o s p ita ls PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA JU L Y 19S6 B u lle tin N o . 1210-10 UNITED STATES D EPARTM EN T OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary In c o o p e r a tio n w ith THE WOMEN'S BUREAU Alice K. Leopold, Director B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S Ew an Clague, C om m issioner Earnings and Supplementary Benefits in Hospitals P H IL A D E L P H IA , P E N N S Y L V A N IA JULY 1956 B u lle t in N o . 1210-10 UN ITED STA TES DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREA U O F LA B O R STA TISTIC S Ew an Clague, Commissioner August 1957 F o r sale by the S u p e rin te n d e n t o f Docum ents, U S. G o ve rn m e n t P rin tin g O ffic e , W a s h in g to n 2 5 , D.C. - Price cents Contents P re fa c e Page T h i s r e p o r t on a s u r v e y o f e a r n i n g s and r e l a t e d b e n e fits of n u r s e s and o th e r e m p lo y e e s of P h ila d e lp h ia h o s p it a ls i s one o f a s e r i e s b a s e d on s i m i l a r stu dies u n d ertak e n b y the U . S . D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r ' s B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s a n d W o m e n ' s B u r e a u d u r i n g the f i s c a l y e a r s 19 5 6 a n d 195 7. A s u m m a r y o f th e r e s u l t s o f the P h i l a d e l p h i a s u r v e y w a s i s s u e d in M a r c h 195 7; t h i s r e p o r t , h o w e v e r , p r o v i d e s m o r e d e t a ile d in fo r m a t io n , both on w a g e s and w a g e p r a c t i c e s . T h e s u r v e y s w e r e d e s i g n e d to m e e t a v a r i e t y o f g o v e r n m e n ta l and n o n g o v e rn m e n t a l n eed s b y p ro v id in g a r e a w id e i n f o r m a t i o n on the l e v e l a n d d i s t r i b u t i o n o f e a r n i n g s a n d o n the n a t u r e o f s u p p l e m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s received by personnel i n o c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d to r e p r e s e n t the p a t t e r n o f e m p l o y m e n t i n h o s p i t a l s . I n the p l a n n i n g o f th e s u r v e y s , the D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r r e c e i v e d s u g g e s t io n s and g u id an c e f r o m oth e r g o v e rn m e n t a g e n c ie s , h o s p it a l a s s o c i a t i o n s , and o r g a n iz a t io n s r e p re s e n tin g p r o fe s s io n a l and n o n p ro fessio n a l gro u p s of h o s p ital e m p lo y e e s . The su rveys w e r e m a d e b y fie ld r e p r e s e n t a t iv e s of the B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s ' D i v i s i o n o f W a g e s a n d I n d u s tria l R ela tio n s. D ire ctio n o f the s u r v e y w o r k w as under the s u p e r v i s i o n o f L i l y M a r y D a v i d , w i t h the a s s i s t a n c e o f Jack A . W ilso n . B u l l e t i n s f o r the 16 c i t i e s i n c l u d e d in t h i s s e r i e s h o s p i t a l s u r v e y s w i l l b e l i s t e d o n the i n s i d e b a c k c o v e r th ese b u lle t in s as they b e c o m e a v a i l a b l e . of of Sum m ary ______________________________________________________________________________ 1 O ccu p atio n al earn in gs A -l: P r o f e s s i o n a l a n d t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s _________________ A - 2 : O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s ----------------------------------------------------------------A - 3: O t h e r n o n p r o f e s s i o n a l o c c u p a t i o n s --------------------------------- 3 4 4 T a b le s : A: B: E s t a b li s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y b e n e fits B -l: P e r q u i s i t e s ________________________________________________________ B -2 : M i n i m u m w e e k l y s a l a r i e s p a id g e n e r a l duty n u r s e s a n d s t a f f d i e t i t i a n s ____________________________________________ B -3 : M in im u m entrance rates fo r n o n pro fessio n a l w o r k e r s ( e x c e p t o f f i c e c l e r i c a l ) ---------------------------------B -4: S h i f t d i f f e r e n t i a l p r o v i s i o n s ----------------------------------------------B -5 : S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------B -6: W e e k l y o v e r t i m e p a y p r a c t i c e s ---------------------------------------B - 7: P a i d v a c a t i o n s ____________________________________________________ B -8: P a i d h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________________ B-9: S i c k l e a v e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d p e n s i o n p l a n s ------------------ 6 7 7 8 9 9 10 12. 12 A ppen dixes: A: B: S c o p e a n d m e t h o d o f s u r v e y ----------------------------------------------------------J o b d e s c r i p t i o n s __________________________________________________________ 13 15 Ea rnings a n d S u p p l e m e n t a r y B e nefits in H o s p it a ls in P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . , J u l y 1 956 Summary Approxim ately 30,000 workers were employed in hospitals with 51 or more workers in the Philadelphia metropolitan area at the time of this survey. About 3 out of 4 w ere in private hospitals, about 6 p e r cent in Federal government institutions and about 1 out of 5 worked in other government hospitals. Four broad groups of hospital workers were studied: R egistered professional nurses, workers in certain other professional and technical positions, office clerica l em ployees, and various nonprofessional employees engaged in auxiliary nursing, maintenance, custodial, and food preparation activities. Between a fifth and a sixth w ere employed in professional and technical positions including n u rsin g,1 about 1 out of 10 in office clerica l positions and between a half and three-fifths in other nonprofessional jobs. In a m ajority of both professional and nonprofessional occu pations studied, at least 2 out of 5 employees received at least 1 meal daily in addition to their cash pay (table B - l). Professional workers generally received 1 meal a day and dietary workers 2 m eals. A small number of employees also were provided a room as part of their compensation. Meal provisions were rela tively common for office workers as w ell. Meal provisions were m ore common in private than in public hospitals. Among the workers receiving perquisites were the lowest paid workers within most occupations. Laundry of uniforms or laundry and uniforms were provided fewer workers than were m eals, although a m ajority of dietary workers received such benefits. The range of earnings was substantial within most occupations. Typically, the level of earnings was higher in government than in privately operated hospitals. Many of the hospitals that did not provide meals in addition to cash salaries made them available by means of payroll deductions. Charges for meals in those instances for which data were available generally averaged about 45 to 65 cents. P a yroll deductions for 3 meals and a room were generally $25 to $50 a month. Earnings and P erq u isites.---Weekly salaries of women r e g is tered professional nurses in hospitals in the Philadelphia, P a 0, area in July 1956 averaged from $58. 50 for general duty nurses to $115 for directors of nursing. In private hospitals, £heir weekly pay averaged $56.50 and $111, respectively. Six out of 7 general duty nurses were paid $50 but less than $65 a week (table A - l ) . In age weekly to $70 for was from $68. 50 for Entrance Rates and Rate Structure.— Most Philadelphia hos pitals determined the pay of general duty nurses according to a form al rate structure instead of setting their rates on the basis of individual determination. G enerally there was a range of rates for general duty nurses; the most common practice was to increase salaries every 6 months (typically by $5 a month) for 2 or 3 years, but at some hospitals the increases w ere annual, in amounts of $9 to $12.50 a month, for 4 to 6 years. other professional and technical occupations surveyed, a v e r pay of women varied from $56.50 for X -ra y technicians medical record librarians. In private hospitals the range $56 for medical technologists and X -ra y technicians to dietitians. More than half of the hospitals with an established minimum entrance rate for general duty nurses set it at $50 but less than $55 a week and almost a fourth had entrance rates of $55 but less than $60. About a third of the hospitals hiring general duty nurses at $50 but less than $55 provided 1 meal a day in addition as did several of the hospitals hiring at $55 but less than $60. Established hiring rates were less common for dietitians than for general duty nurses. Those hospitals with an established entrance salary for staff dietitians usually paid them $65 but less than $75 a week (table B -2). Women practical nurses averaged $38 a week and nursing aides, $35--- about 93 and 83 cents an hour, respectively. Maintenance electricians were the highest paid nonprofessional w orkers, averaging $1.72 an hour. The lowest average was 65 cents an hour for maids (table A - 3 ). Among women office employees studied, weekly salaries ranged from an average of $41.50 for switchboard operator-receptionists to $53 for transcribing-machine operators and $53.50 for payroll clerks and technical stenographers (table A - 2). Entrance rates for men nonprofessional w orkers varied from 40 cents to $1.10 or more with 2 out of 3 hospitals with an estab lished hiring rate paying 50 but less than 70 cents. For women non professional w orkers, minimum hiring rates varied from 35 cents to $1.05 or m ore, and were most commonly 40 but less than 50 and 60 but under 70 cents. Most hospitals hiring women for less than 60 cents also provided these workers 1, 2, or 3 meals a day (table B-3). 1 A m ajority of Philadelphia hospitals employed some part-tim e nurses in addition to the full-tim e nurses whose salaries were studied, although in most institutions the proportion of such part-tim e nurses was small. In a few hospitals, members of religious orders were on the nursing staff and about half of the hospitals were also training student nurses. (1 ) 2 Extra Pay for Late-Shift Work and Other Types of Duty.--About 4 out of 5 registered professional nurses on late shifts w ere paid extra for such assignments. The most common differential amounted to $10 a month ($2.30 a week) with the next most usual premium being $20 a month ($4.60 a week). About 2 out of 5 of the other professional and technical workers (all in private hospitals) and about 1 out of 7 nonprofessional w orkers employed on the twilight or night shift received extra pay for these hours (table B-4). Rotation of w orkers among shifts was reported by a m inority of Philadelphia hospitals. Most commonly, workers changed shifts every 4 weeks or once a month. Some hospitals in Philadelphia provided $5 to $15 a month for nurses in the operating In a number of hospitals, nurses working in the wards received extra pay with the differential from about $1.05 to about $2.20 a day. extra pay ranging from and/or delivery room . tubercular or isolation most usually varying Hours of Work and Overtim e P a y .— A ll but about 1 percent of the nurses in Philadelphia hospitals had a 40-hour weekly work schedule as did almost 4 out of 5 of the other professional and tech nical workers and a m ajority of the office and other nonprofessional w orkers. Most of the remaining office and professional employees w ere on schedules of 3 8 hours or less, while the remaining non professional workers were about equally divided between a 44*and a 48-hour week (table B-5). A number of Philadelphia hospitals reported that some w orkers w ere employed on split shifts. This practice was most common for dietary maids, and kitchen w orkers, but in some cases it applied to nurses and attandants. No extra pay was reported for workers on divided shifts. Most hospitals had a lim ited number of employees on call. Most commonly these w ere operating room nurses, anesthetists, X -ra y and laboratory technicians. In most cases, extra pay was provided for time on call and in some cases additional pay was given those employees actually recalled to work. The extra pay for being on call in a number of hospitals was $3.50 to $5 a night. A ll but about 1 out of 20 Philadelphia hospital employees were covered by form al policies providing pay for weekly overtim e. Most frequently private hospital employees were paid straight-tim e for o ver tim e, whereas time and one-half pay was the most usual practice in public institutions (table B -6). Vacations and H olidays.— About 3 out of 4 nonprofessional workers other than clerica l and about 9 out of 10 other Philadelphia hospital employees were eligible for 2 or m ore weeks* paid vacation after a year *s service and almost as many were entitled to a minimum of 1 week after 6 months* employment. Paid vacations of 3 weeks or m ore were provided about half the nurses after a year *s em ploy ment and approximately 90 percent of the nurses and slightly more than half of the nonprofessional workers after 10 years* service (table B-7). Paid holidays were providedall Philadelphia hospital employees except 3 percent of the nonprofessional w orkers; approximately 3 out of 4 received 7 or m ore holidays annually. Private hospitals typically observed 6, 7, or 8 holidays (most often 7). Thirteen holidays were provided about 2 out of 3 employees in public hospitals (table B -8). Equal time off for work on holidays was the practice followed for a m ajority of private hospital em ployees. In public hospitals most office employees and professional and technical workers other than nurses received straight-tim e pay in addition to their regular pay for work on holidays (a total of double tim e). Nurses and non professional workers other than office employees in public hospitals typically received either double time or compensatory leave for h oli day work. Insurance and Pensions.--- L ife insurance paid for at least in part by the hospital covered approximately a fifth of the em ployees. More than 9 out of 10 hospital employees were eligible for some kind of sick leave, typically at full pay without a waiting period. Hospital ization benefits w ere financed at least in part by institutions employing a m ajority of Philadelphia hospital w orkers. Surgical benefit pro visions applied to approximately 1 in 4 employees and a la rger pro portion was covered by m edical benefit programs (table B-9). Some type of pension arrangement covered m ore than ninetenths of the Philadelphia hospital em ployees. In private hospitals, about 3 out of 4 employees were under the Federal Old A ge, Sur v iv o r s ’ and Disability Insurance system with about a fourth (including some also covered by social security) being included in a private pension plan contributed to by the hospital. A ll public hospital em ployees w ere covered by retirem ent systems lim ited to government w orkers, although a few also w ere covered by social security. 3 A : O c c u p a tio n a l E a r n in g s Ta b le A-1: P ro fe ssio n a l and technical occupations (Average straignt-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations in Philadelphia, P a., by hospital proprietorship, July 1956; Average Sex, occupation, and hospital proprie tor ship Number of workers Weeklyhours 2/ NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF Weekly earnings y Under 45.00 $ 45.00 and under 50.00 $ $ 50.00 55.00 55.00 60.00 60.00 65.00 65.00 70.00 $ $ 70.00 75.00 75.00 80.00 $ 80.00 85.00 $ $ 85.00 90.00 90.00 95.00 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 1 2 5 .OO 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 over N u rs in g occu pa tio ns Men Nursing instructors ................................................................. 7 4 0 .0 $7 9 . 5 0 - - 4 0 .0 115.00 111.00 75.00 100.00 70.50 66.00 76.00 63.00 58.50 71.50 56.50 75.50 72.00 _ 33 33 - 9 9 50 50 “ 83.00 59.00 56.50 62.50 66.00 61.50 74.50 68.00 78.00 4 4 1 1 - 64.50 63.50 56.50 56.00 57.00 64.50 56.00 70.00 84.50 68.00 68.00 61.50 69.00 67.50 69.50 78.00 68.50 _ 8 8 1 1 " - - - - 2 3 1 - - - 1 - - - - 1 56 56 44 7 37 _ 6 6 15 8 7 48 48 9 9 2 2 5 5 8 8 3 3 9 5 5 5 7 7 _ 7 7 12 12 8 3 2 2 8 8 1 1 _ 3 3 4 - 3 3 9 9 2 2 1 “ 3 3 1 1 2 2 _ _ _ 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 1 1 3 3 _ _ _ 1 - _ _ - 1 1 _ _ - 9 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 - _ - _ - - _ - _ _ _ . - - Women Directors of n u rs in g .............. ............................................ Nongovernmental h o s p ita ls .............................. ................ Supervisors of nurses ............................................................. Governmental h o s p ita ls ................................................... Nongovernmental hospitals ................................................ Head nurses ................................................................................. Governmental h o s p ita ls ............................ ......................... Nongovernmental hospitals ................................................ General duty nurses ................................................................. Governmental hospitals ............................................. . Nongovernmental hospitals ........................................... .. Nursing instructors ................................................................. Nongovernmental h o s p ita ls ................ ............................... 37 32 2a 38 203 661 141 520 2,181 277 1,904 169 HO 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 40.0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 _ 4 4 541 46 495 - _ 2 2 95 9 86 853 H 839 5 5 305 22 283 452 25 427 24 24 _ 73 73 105 14 91 80 20 60 33 33 26 24 24 _ 40 3 37 60 57 3 80 80 48 37 _ 5 5 2 2 - 1 1 - _ 2 2 10 2 8 - 1 5 5 11 1 10 2 1 1 1 3 2 5 4 1 6 3 3 3 2 8 2 6 1 1 “ _ 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 3 3 5 5 2 - 1 - 1 1 25 25 87 87 6 11 11 32 31 1 1 33 31 84 10 74 2 2 23 20 77 15 62 10 10 3 3 1 5 2 39 12 27 12 6 6 23 10 13 3 1 3 3 6 3 _ 6 6 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - _ 25 1 24 26 1/ O th e r p ro fession al a n d te c h n ic a l occupations Men X-ray technicians, chief ....................................................... X-ray technicians 2/ ............................................................ .. Nongovernmental hospitals ....................................... Medical technologists 2 / ....................................................... Governmental hospitals ..................................................... Nongovernmental hospitals ................................................ Physical therapists 2/ ............................................................ Governmental hospitals ........................................ .. Nongovernmental h o s p ita ls ............ ............ ..................... 11 25 21 39 9 30 16 6 10 39.5 4 1 .0 41.0 4 0 .0 39.5 4 0 .0 39.5 4 0 .0 39.0 _ 2 - _ _ 1 1 _ Women X-ray technicians, chief ....................................................... X-ray technicians 2 / ............................................................... Nongovernmental hospitals .......................... ..................... Medical technologists 2/ ........................................................ Governmental h o s p ita ls ............................ ......................... Nongovernmental hospitals ................ ............................... Medical record lib rarian s ..................................................... Governmental hospitals ...................................................... Nongovernmental hospitals ................................................ Medical social workers 2/.......................................... Physical therapists 2/ ....... .............................................. Nongovernmental hospitals .............. ................................. D ietitians 2/ ............................ ............................................... Governmental hospitals ...................................................... Nongovernmental hospitals ............ .............................. .. 27 25 140 128 408 53 355 52 39.5 39.5 46 78 52 29 26 96 4 0 .0 6 11 85 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 39.5 4 0 .0 39.5 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 39.5 39.5 39.0 39.0 40.5 39.5 40.5 6 5 5 88 3 85 3 3 12 12 2 2 2 2 8 8 17 H 4 6 6 13 13 23 23 4 2 10 7 7 7 3 5 4 4 6 H 4 10 8 2 6 2 - 2 4 1 3 2 4 2 4 - 10 8 4 3 3 16 1 10 1 9 l / Hours re fle c t the workweek for which workers receive th e ir regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. the earnings information, as is the cash value of room, board, or other perquisites provided in addition to cash salaries. 2/ Workers were distributed as follows* 5 at $125 to $130; 1 at $155 to $160; 1 at $160 to $165; 1 at $165 to $170; 1 at $180 to $185. 2/ Data for this occupation exclude chiefs in hospitals employing more chan 1 worker in the occupation. 2 1 3 3 3 2 1 2 1 1 5 4 1 12 2 10 _ 1 1 1 - ~ 1 1 - 2 2 ~ _ 1 ” _ - “ _ ~ _ - ’ Extra pay for work on evening and night shifts is excluded _ ‘ from Earnings and Supplementary Benefits in Hospitals, Philadelphia, P a., July 1956 U.S. DEPARTMENT CF LABOR Bureau of Labor S tatistics 4 Ta b le A -2: O ffic e occupations (Average straight-tim e weexly hours and earnings for women in selected occupations in Philadelphia, Pa., by hospital proprietorship, Ju ly 1956) A ve ElAQE Number of workers Occupation and hospital proprietorship Weekly y Clerks, payroll ....................................................................... Nongovernmental hospitals .............................................. Stenographers, technical .......................... ........................... Governmental hospitals .................................. . Nongovernmental hospitals .................... ....................... .. Switchboard operators ............................................................ Governmental hospitals ...................... ................. ........... Nongovernmental hospitals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Switchboard operator-receptionists .................................. Nongovernmental hospitals .................. ......................... .. Transcribing-machine operators, technical .................... Governmental hospitals ................ .......................... .. Nongovernmental hospitals ...................... ....................... ^ 5 .0 0 1/ 52 47 154 32 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 12 2 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 3 .5 $53.50 52.50 53.50 6 2 .5 0 51.00 4 4 .5 0 59.00 3 8 .0 193 31 NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Under Weekly earnings 4 4 - _ _ 2 10 2 10 21 16 21 4 0 .0 4 2.0 0 27 a . 50 2 4 1 .0 0 2 53.00 3 16 12 12 51.00 21 19 8 10 10 8 2 5 6 .0 0 4 1.0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 $ -4 7.50 7 5 3 4 7 .5 0 50.00 1 1 3 3 I 12 10 20 l 1 3 2 " 55.00 57.50 3 3 4 1 1 11 4 4 7 3 3 1O ±V 2 o 2 2 7 12 2 _ 4 11 55.00 2 2 5 1 34 14 1 5 6 2 29 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 " 5 5 .0 0 3 3 11 10 20 2 18 1 *6 5 .0 0 1 7 .5 0 $ 7 0 .0 0 “ - and o / «WW 70 00 2 7 7 6 1 1 9 5 A 1 1 6 5 1 1 6 - ” 3 15 9 5 4 _ 11 6 6 5 5 3 ~ 7 7 8 1 5 1/ Hours re fle c t the workweek fo r which workers receive th e ir regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. excluded from the earnings information, as is the cash value of room, board, or other perquisites provided in addition to cash salaries. 2/ Workers were distributed as follows; 7 at $25 to $27.50; 10 at $30 to $32.50; 10 at $32.50 to $35. * 6 2 .5 0 1 L. 0 3 *6 0 .0 0 57.50 4 2 Q J 11 $ “ 10 10 3 $ 52.50 " g2,5Q 13 6 on 6 $ 50.00 0*2 42 Q 7 1 $ 45 *2 4 0 .5 <»b o bob 40 .0 0 $ $ 4 2 .5 0 lo .oo 37 .5 0 6 2/ 27 60 56 40 76 and under 6 16 2 116 $ 3 5 .0 0 *37.50 8 4 A A 4 8 1 1 3 Extra pay for work on evening and night shifts is Ta b le A -3 : O th e r nonp rofessiona l occupations (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings or average hourly earnings for selected occupations in Puiladeipnia, P a., by hospital proprietorship, July 1956) Average Sex, occupation, and hospital pro pr ie tor ship Number of workers Weekly bourn Weekly earnings 2/ NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF Under 20.00 $ 20.00 and under 22.50 $ $ 22.50 25.00 25.00 27.50 $ $ 27.50 30.00 30.00 32.50 $ 32.50 *35.00 35.00 37.50 $ 37.50 40.00 $ $ 4 0 .0 0 42.50 42.50 45.00 $ 45.00 47.50 $ 47.50 $ 50.00 *52.50 50.00 52.50 42 169 169 55.00 $ 55.00 $57.50 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 20 20 65 65 _ - - $60.00 *62.50 $65.00 «nd over Men Nursing aides ............................................... Governmental h o s p ita ls Nongovernmental hospitals Fra ctica l n u rs e s ........................................ .. Nongovernmental hospitals ...................... ................ ................ 1,074 606 463 230 158 41.5 40.5 43.0 42.5 43.5 $43.00 51.50 32.00 50.50 44.50 2,718 921 42.0 42.0 1,797 1,788 1,526 46 42 41.5 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 35.00 49.50 27.50 38.00 35.50 64.50 63.50 _ - 4 21 105 4 21 - - 19 6 6 105 - 3 3 19 - 391 174 265 - - - 76 3 73 16 38 2 8 3 8 24 24 4 4 14 14 575 123 452 240 240 218 67 151 196 196 149 60 89 214 214 22 6 16 163 163 202 37 165 3 8 30 14 40 2 10 11 9 11 80 73 7 12 9 12 22 7 5 17 179 179 - 1 6 91 88 3 3 20 20 90 89 4 4 a 1 32 32 - 5 5 88 92 92 88 - - 19 19 13 13 94 94 129 129 28 6 _ 36 14 - - - - Women Nursing aides ......................................................... Governmental hospitals ................... .. Nongovernmental h o s p ita ls .......... .. Practical nurses .................................................. Nongovernmental hospitals ...................... Housekeepers, chief ........................................... Nongovernmental hospitals .................. See footnotes at end of table, 96 - 96 - 140 - 140 51 51 - - 391 33 33 - - 174 51 51 - - 265 178 178 - - - - - 25 25 - 69 14 5 5 176 176 117 7 2 2 - - 23 12 - 27 4 - 53 53 - 13 13 150 150 - 12 - 12 - - 42 4 - 4 - 1 1 - 15 3 2 J 18 14 Earnings and Supplementary Benefits in Hospitals, Philadelpnia, Pa., Ju ly 1956 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor S ta tistics 5 Table A -3: O th e r nonprofessional occupations - Continued (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings or average hourly earnings for selected occupations in Philadelphia, P a., by hospital proprietorship, Ju ly 1956) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Sex, occupation) and hospital proprietorship Number Average workers earnings of Under 0.45 1/ $ 0.45 and under .50 $ $ $ $ , $ $ 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 $0.70 0.75 *0.80 $0.85 *0.90 0.95 *1.00 *1.05 *1.10 ’ .55 .60 .65 .70 .75 .80 .85 .90 .95 5 3 7 14 10 - - 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 $ 1 .1 5 1.20 1.20 *1.25 *1.30 I .3 5 1.40 1.50 *1.60 *1.70 *1.80 $ 1.90 1.25 1.30 3 3 5 5 1 1 _ 1 1 _ _ 7 8 20 3 5 15 14 2 8 8 1 _ 1.35 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2.00 $ 2.00 and over Men Dishwashers, machine ........................ Governmental hospitals . . . . . . . . Nongovernmental hospitals .......... Ele ctric ia n s , maintenance . . . . . . . . Governmental hospitals ................. Nongovernmental hospitals . . . . . Engineers, stationary ........................ .. Governmental hospitals .............. Nongovernmental hospitals . . . . . Kitchen helpers ......................................... Governmental hospitals .............. Nongovernmental hospitals ........ Porters .................................................. Governmental hospitals . . . . . . . . Nongovernmental hospitals . . . . . Washers, machine .................................... Governmental hospitals ................. Nongovernmental hospitals .......... 153 42 116 118 33 85 201 33 168 431 148 233 906 191 715 74 10 64 $0 . 8 6 1.29 .71 1.72 2.08 1.58 1.55 2 .0 2 1.46 .92 1.40 .67 .79 1 .2 1 .6 8 1.04 1.37 .98 _ 5 18 19 14 14 2 - - - - - - - 5 18 19 14 H 2 2 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 33 39 67 39 - 26 - - - - 3 27 33 39 76 26 - 1 _ 6 41 18 H 2 86 15 37 - - 14 86 9 96 55 115 35 117 66 41 225 292 17 15 18 18 - 37 37 9 9 _ _ _ 12 6 12 59 3 56 18 74 a 21 63 18 66 16 16 12 6 17 17 7 4 4 3 3 13 6 35 7 7 4 3 24 24 - 27 65 55 18 11 74 85 9 10 - 18 34 108 - 2 22 93 4 89 76 - 25 5 5 4 7 44 - - 26 - 2 - - 65 - 22 - 1 6 4 27 85 2 - 5 11 14 74 - 1 - 22 3 76 7 - 7 11 2 - 1 6 1 2 34 2 16 - 6 7 103 18 3 2 6 1 3 - 2 44 3 _ - - - 102 _ - 8 - 122 _ 8 3 25 - 21 3 3 - - - - - 1 82 - - 7 5 - 82 - 7 - - - 7 7 2 76 - 2 - - - 2 6 12 22 - 6 2 1 - - 2 - - 27 83 3 2 - 14 67 104 22 12 3 7 39 125 3 105 3 1 - 2 - 4 2 13 7 4 2 7 61 1 - 5 3 9 20 2 1 4 29 29 10 12 20 10 - - 12 10 1 2 10 - 2 6 4 6 9 1 1 _ 3 5 9 7 4 3 4 1 - 7 4 3 6 18 _ 12 _ _ 22 26 4 4 25 25 12 28 12 28 - 1 6 1 6 7 _ 9 9 _ _ 13 8 1 6 12 _ _ _ _ 3 U 32 15 17 5 i / 35 16 4 1 1 19 3 3 _ - _ 10 _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 _ 35 35 _ _ _ _ - _ - - _ - - 21 10 Women 731 .69 .69 .80 1.35 .67 358 83 275 1,201 87 1,114 .74 1.19 .60 .65 1.23 .61 28 Nongovernmental hospitals .......... Kitchen helpers ......................................... Governmental hospitals ................. Nongovernmental hospitals . . . . . Laundry finish e rs, flatwork, machine .............................................. Governmental hospitals .............. Nongovernmental hospitals ........ Maids ...................................................... Governmental hospitals ................. Nongovernmental hospitals .......... 1/ Hours re fle c t the workweek the earnings information, as is the 2/ Workerswere distributed as 2/ Excludes premium pay for ij Workers were distributed as jj/ Workers were distributed as 28 899 168 / 7 - 96 - 115 - 117 - - - 225 j 292 - - 74 41 2 2 17 17 12 6 12 34 34 13 13 17 17 7 7 7 3 4 5 5 13 13 - 52 52 _ 2 2 _ _ - - 8 5 13 5 2 7 7 7 1 1 - - 3 6 44 44 2 7 1 6 6 2 3 - 13 26 126 8 - 13 9 3 6 4 4 - 7 - - 37 7 26 3 128 15 11 - 6~ 5 3 3 2 3 3 _ for which workers receive th eir regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. Extra pay for work on evening and night shifts is excluded from cash value of room, board, or other perquisites provided in addition to casn salaries. follows: 1 at $67.50 to $70; 1 at $70 to $72.50; 2 at $75 to $80; 9 at $80 to $85; 1 at $85 to $90; 2 at $90 to $95; 2 at $95 to $ 1 X . overtime and for work onweekends, holidays,and late shifts as well as tie casn valueof room, board, or other perquisites provided in addition tocashsalaries. follows: 12 at $2 to$2.05; 6 at $2.10 to $2.15; 1 at $2.30 to $2.35; 13 at $2.A0 to $2.45. follows: 6 at $2 to $2.05; 6 at $2.05 to $2.10; 3 at $2.10 to $2.15; 4 at $2.30 to $2.35; 4 at $2.35 to $2.40; 6 at $2.40 to $2.45; 6 at $2.50 to $2.60. 6 B : E s t a b lis h m e n t P r a c t ic e s a n d S u p p le m e n ta r y B e n e f it s Ta b le B-l: Perquisites Percent of workers in jgovernmental Percent of workers in nongovernmental hospitals hospitals who receive ;In addition who receive in addition to cash salary to cash salary Neither Uni Neither Uni Neither A ll Laun Laun A ll A ll Laun Neither laun Neither forms laun 3 Neither 3 laun 3 Laun dry Laun dry workers workers 1 workers Laun forms dry only 2 dry meals meals dry 1 3 meals meals 2 1 meeds meeds only 3 dry dry dry and and dry and meal meals meals and nor (or nor meal and nor nor meal meals meals and nor (or nor only uni only uni only uni room room room room u n iuni allow room room allow uni forms forms forms ances) forms ance) forms forms Percent of workers in a l l hospitals who receive in addition to cash salary - Occupation and sex P rofe ssion al occupations N u rs in g o ccu pa tio ns Directors of nursing (women) .............. Supervisors of nurses (women) ............ Head nurses (women) ................................ General duty nurses (women) ................ Nursing instructors (men) .................... Nursing instructors (women) . . . . . . . . . 100 24 100 a 100 32 30 36 100 100 100 _ - _ - 22 * 5 4 * 54 58 63 66 100 _ - 64 24 21 20 16 14 22 * 10 _ 12 10 * 5 36 70 28 a 44 61 52 45 56 62 26 9 24 * 21 10 4 3 6 17 21 - * - 76 79 79 84 86 78 9 16 5 8 3 7 82 100 60 93 72 83 96 97 94 83 69 _ 100 100 100 - _ 11 6 * _ 9 - _ 90 86 99 _ 32 30 24 _ - 68 70 77 100 100 100 100 25 47 39 34 _ - _ _ 25 * 5 5 50 52 57 62 25 19 17 15 _ _ _ _ _ * _ 75 31 82 85 “ - - “ - - 100 43 - - * 56 24 - - 76 44 6 50 27 9 9 33 21 - 100 100 100 100 100 1 / 100 100 100 100 100 32 71 54 60 43 52 71 40 42 6 6 57 * 12 14 11 * 5 63 14 35 40 56 46 23 60 53 21 29 * 27 11 4 4 10 19 22 - 3 _ 8 100 71 95 73 89 96 96 90 81 66 100 21 34 23 14 10 * 9 17 17 8 14 * 19 39 63 53 52 28 21 14 10 O t h e r pro fession al a n d te c h n ic a l occupations X-ray technicians, chief (men) .......... X-ray technicians, chief (women) . . . . X-ray technicians (men) ...................... .. X-ray technicians (women) ........ ........... Medical technologists (men) ................ Medical technologists (women) ........ .. Medical record lib rarian s (women) . . . Medical social workers (women) .......... Physical therapists (men) .................... Physical therapists (women) ................ D ie titia ns (women) .................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 1/ 100 100 100 100 100 64 30 60 49 56 38 46 51 44 33 8 4 50 3 100 100 100 100 100 56 94 100 50 64 67 79 100 100 91 4 Nonprofessiona 1 occupations, Nursing aides (men) ................................ Nursing aides (women) ............................ Practical nurses (m e n )........ ........... . Practical nurses (women) ...................... Housekeepers, chief (women) ............ .. Dishwashers, machine (men) .................. Dishwashers, machine (women) .............. E le ctricia ns, maintenance (men) ........ Engineers, stationary (men) ................ Kitchen helpers (men) ............................ Kitchen helpers (women) .................. . Laundry finishe rs, flatwork, machine (women) ........................ .......... Porters ........................................................ Maids ........................................................... Washers, machine (men) .......................... 1/ * 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 1/ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 11 31 16 35 9 6 7 - 3 14 15 11 7 50 43 14 14 29 31 7 12 10 7 14 15 30 18 * 4 11 7 10 # 17 68 54 74 63 57 38 32 10 9 * * 4 _ 7 8 * 40 57 68 69 50 55 17 12 8 24 19 6 28 9 10 _ 75 51 47 7 6 15 # 15 4 « * 3 3 3 55 5 - 3 19 14 31 * 7 42 54 59 90 91 100 100 - “ 3 3 8 38 39 48 57 85 85 36 40 100 100 100 100 100 - 24 24 14 28 69 69 66 66 100 100 100 100 - * 5 32 43 3 3 24 - ~ _ * 5 5 - Includes less than 5 percent who receive 1 meal and room. Less than 2.5 percent. NOTE* D a sh e 3 i n " A l l w o r k e r s " c o lu m n s i n d i c a t e e i t h e r n o w o rk e r s o r t o o fe w w o r k e r s t o j u s t i f y p r e s e n t a t i o n o f d a t a , 7 5 " 90 72 - 14 - 86 100 100 95 95 5 4 4 12 - “ 92 83 100 100 46 53 - “ 45 - 44 31 5 12 - 4* - “ 30 5 * 12 « 10 50 47 - 100 100 100 100 55 100 100 26 64 93 76 99 90 1/ 100 100 a10 100 100 100 3 20 19 17 3 100 100 100 100 14 32 20 100 3 68 43 20 17 45 5 * * 33 11 9 13 9 15 17 8 35 10 11 _ * - * - 3 46 * 63 27 46 7 17 9 13 16 70 42 43 43 16 6 23 57 55 8 5 - “ 4 _ 39 21 - * 5 44 43 5 33 57 86 89 93 45 57 79 82 4 4 10 42 46 34 - 31 28 15 31 62 67 64 63 * 5 a Earnings and Supplementary Benefits in Hospitals, Philadelphia, P a., Ju ly 1956 U.S. DEPARTMENT CF LABOR Bureau of Labor S ta tis tics 7 Ta b le B-2: M inim um w e e k ly sa la ries paid g enera l duty nurses and sta ff d ietitians Number of hos pitals witn established xninimum weekly salari es for general duty nurs 2 s in Governmental Nongovernmental A ll hospitals hospitals hospitals Minimum weekly salary A ll hospitals ................................................................................. 65 Hospitals having an established minimum .............................. $A5.00 and under $50.00 ....................................................... $50.00 and under $55.00 ....................................................... $55.00 and under $60.00 ....................................................... $60.00 and under $65*00 ........................................................ $65.00 and under $70.00 ............ ........................................... $70.00 and under $75.00 ....................................................... $75.00 and under $80.00 ....................................................... $85.00 and under $90.00 ....................................................... $90.00 and under $95.00 .................. ........................... . Hospitals having no established minimum .............................. Hospitals that did not employ workers in this category ....................................................................................... 53 7 28 12 3 2 1 - 2/ 2/ lj 2/ ... . 11 ........ 11 Number of hospitals with established minimum weekly salaries for staff d ie titia n s in Governmental Nongovernmental hospitals hospitals A ll Hospitals 5A ................... 65 11 5A A2 7 2A 8 3 9 15 _ _ 8 “ 8 2A _ 2/ 3 8/ A 2/ 5 7 _ 1 12/ A 25 A “ A 16 - 5/ A -U - - 2/ 2/ 6/ 2/ 2 1 - - - - _ _ 2/ _ 3 8/ 2/ A 5 2 _ 10/ 1 A 2A 1 15 _ 5 _ _ 1 _ l/ A ll salaries are paid for a AO-hour week. In A hospitals, workers receive 3 meals and a room in addition to their cash salary. In 9 hospitals, workers receive 1 meal in addition to th eir cash salary. In 5 hospitals, workers receive 1 meal in addition to their cash salary. In A hospitals, workers receive 1 meal in addition to th eir cash salary. In 1 hospital, workers receive 1 meal in addition to th eir casr. salary. 2 / Workers receive 1 meal in addition to th eir cash salary. 8/ In 3 hospitals, workers receive 1 meal and in 1 hospital, workers receive 2 meals in addition to tne ir casn salary. 2/ In A hospitals, workers receive 1 meal and in 1 hospital, workers receive 2 meals in addition to tneir cash salary. 10/ Workers receive 2 meals in addition to th eir cash salary. g/ 2/ 2/ 2/ 6/ Ta b le B-3: Minim um entrance rate s fo r no np ro fe ssio na l w o rk e rs (except o ffice clerical) Number of hospitals with established minimum rates for Minimum hourly rate Ken A ll hospitals Women Governmental hospitals Nongovernmental hospitals A ll hospitals Governmental hospitals A ll hospitals ............................................................................... 65 9 56 65 9 Hospitals having an established minimum ............................ $0.35 and under $0.A0 ......................................................... $0.A0 and under $ 0 .A 5 ...................................................... $0.A5 and under $0.50 ......................................................... $0.50 and under $0.55 .......................................................... $0.55 and under $0.60 .......................................................... $0.60 and under $0.65 ......................................................... $0.65 and under $0.70 ......................................................... $0.75 and under $0.80 .................................................... $0.80 and under $ 0 .8 5 .......................... ............................... $0.85 and under $0.90 .......................................................... $0.95 and under $1.00 .......................................................... $1.00 and under $1 . 0 5 ......................................................... $1.05 and under $1.10 .......................................................... $1.10 and under $1.15 .......................................................... Hospitals having no established minimum ............................ 59 5 3 8 9 13 8 1 3 A 1 2 2 6 9 8/ 3 3/ 1 1 2 2 - 50 1/ 5 3 tj 8 2/ 9 2/ 1 0 11/ 8 12/ 3 8/ A 6 59 1 2/ 13 2/ 13 U A 6/ 3 12/ 1 2 8/ 7 8/ 1 9 _ 8/ 3 8/ 1 2 1 2 6 2 1 2 - 1/ 2/ 1/ 1/ 2/ 2/ 11/ 8/ 12/ 8/ - Nongovernmental hospitals . 56 50 1 2/ 13 2 /1 3 U y u 3 1 2/1 2 8/ A _ 6 In 1 hospital, workers receive 1 meal and in 1 hospital, workers receive 3 meals in addition to th eir cash salary. In 3 hospitals, workers receive 1 meal; in 1 hospital,workers receive 2 meals; and in A hospitals, workers receive 3 meals in addition to th e ir cash salary. In 8 hospitals, workers receive 1 meal in addition to their cash salary. In 1 hospital, workers receive 1 meal and in 2 hospitals, workers r e c e iv e 2 meals in addition to th eir cash salary. In 7 hospitals, workers receive 1 meal and in 2 hospitals, workers receive 3 meals and a room in addition to th eir casn salary. 6/ In 1 hospital, workers receive 1 meal and in 2 hospitals, workers receive 3 meals and a room in addition to th eir cash salary. 2 / In 5 hospitals, workers receive 1 meal in addition to tne ir cash salary. 8/ Workers receive 1 meal in addition to th eir cash salary. 5/ In 2 hospitals, workers receive 1 meal in addition to th eir cash salary. 10/ In 2 hospitals, workers receive 2 meals in addition to their cash salary. Earnings and Supplementary Benefits in Hospitals, Philadelphia, P a., July 1956 11/ In 2 hospitals, workers receive 3 meals in addition to th eir cash salary. U.S. DEPARTMENT CP LABOR 12/ Workers receive 2 meals in addition to th eir cash salary. Bureau of Labor Statistics g/ tj 2/ 8 T a b le B-4: S h ift d iffe re n tia l p ro v is io n s Percent of workers on la te sh ifts in A ll hospitals Type of worker and sh ift d iffe re n tia l Second sh ift A ll registered professional nurses employed on the sh ift ................... .................................................. With sh ift pay d iffe re n tia l ........................................... . Uniform amount per week ..................... ............................ Under $2.50 .......................... .................................. . $2.50 and under $5.00 ................................................. $5.00 and under $7.50 ................................................ Uniform percentage ........................................................... 10 percent between 6 p. m. and 6 a. m....................... No sh ift pay d iffe re n tia l ................................................... Other professional and technical workers employed on the sh ift ....................................................... 100.0............. 83.4 82.4 42.0 35.8 4.6 .9 .9 16.6 ... 100,0. ............. . Governmental hospitals Third or other sh ift 100.0 100.0.......... . 94.4 94.4 67.7 4 0 .6 2 6 .8 5.2 7.9 5.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 65.2 65.2 65.2 34o3 52.4 52.4 52.4 47.6 100.0 19Q,0 16.4 15.2 6.1 9.1 10.3 9.3 5.4 3.1 .8 1.0 1.0 89.7 - 92.1 92.1 46.3 A ll nonprofessional workers (except o ffic e c le r ic a l) employed on the sh ift ............ .......................................... 8 3 .7 100.0 79.3 78.6 56.6 22.0 .7 .7 20.7 40.7 40.7 40.7 59.3 - ....... 8.2 4.5 4.5 3.7 3.7 91.8 42.9 42.9 42.9 57.1 1.1 1.1 .100.0 Third or other sh ift Second sh ift 13.0 10.1 10.1 7.9 7.9 82.0 With sh ift pay d i f f e r e n t i a l ....... ................ ....................... Uniform amount per week ................................................. $2.50 and under $5.00 .............. ................................. No sh ift pay d iffe re n tia l .................................................... With sh ift pay d iffe re n tia l ............................................. . Uniform amount per week ................................. ................ Under $2.50 .................................................................. $2.50 and under $5.00 ................................................. $7.50 and under $10.00 .............................................. Uniform percentage ........................................................... 10 percent between 6 p. m. and 6 a . m....................... No sh ift pay d iffe re n tia l .................................................... Second sh ift .............190,0...... ...... . ______ Nongovernmental hospitals Third or other sh ift . 100.0 _ - 100.0 ............1P9.9______ 21.1 17.8 9.1 8.7 - 3.3 3.3 78.9 .. ..J.,00^0 11.3 8.6 6.7 _ 1.9 2.7 2.7 88.7 .. ... - 109*0 13.8 13.3 4.5 9.3 _ 86.2 ......... — .. .100,0 9.7 9.7 4.6 5.1 _ 90.3 Earnings and Supplementary Benefits in Hospitals, Philadelphia, Pa., July 1956 U.S. DEPARTMENT CF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 9 T a b le B-5 : S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u rs 1 Percent of - Weekly hours A ll workers ........................................... Under 37 hours ...................................... 37 h o u rs ..................... .......................... 3?£ hours ............................................... 1/ * Oth*3r professional and Office c le ric a l workers in ted inical workers in - __________ Nongovern Govern Nongovern Govern A ll A ll mental mental mental mental hospitals hospitals hospitals Hospitals hospitals hospitals Registered professional nurses in A ll hospitals Govern mental hospitals 100 100 Nongovern mental hospitals 100 - 99 ____ 1 0 0 _ _ . 100 99 - - - - - * - * 100 ..... « 99 - 3 9 7 73 3 ioo 3 11 3 73 A ~ 100 100 _ ..... - A ll hospitals Govern mental hospitals 100 100 100 _ 85 5 11 _ io o .. 6 53 - 7 A 17 A 52 9 7 “ Other nonprofessional workers in - _ 7 5 7 5 55 12 a a - 59 * 20 21 Nongovern mental hospitals A9 27 2A Based on scheduled weekly hours for women. Less tnan 2.5 percent. T a b le B-6: W e e k ly o v e rtim e p a y p ra c tic e s Percent of - Weekly overtime policy A ll workers ............................................................................ Workers in Hospitals providing overtime pay ............ .. Straight time .............. .............................................. . Time and one-half after AO hours ............................ . Equal time o ff ........................................ * ........................ Straight time or equal time o f f ................................ .. Time and one-half or equal time o ff ....................... . Other ................................................................................. Workers in hospitals providing no overtime pay or having no formal policy .................................................... * Less than 2.5 percent, Registered professional nurses in - Other professionsl1 and techn ic a l worker* in Govern Nongovern A ll mental mental hospital8 hospitals hospitals Office .c le ric a l workers in - Other nonprofessional rfvrkATR — Govern Nongovern A ll mental mental hospitals hospitals hosoitsils in A ll hospitals Govern mental hogpibaJ-s Nongovern mental hospitals 100 100 ..ioo __iPO. _, 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 86 100 91 100 89 96 100 95 97 100 96 A0 26 16 11 - A5 22 15 12 6 AO 19 16 13 3 8 31 11 - A9 3 17 17 3 36 32 13 15 _ * 6 76 11 _ _ 7 A3 20 13 18 _ A9 22 22 A 15 57 27 61 10 20 5 5 8 5A 2A - - - - - * 1A _ 9 5 3 - A - 11 A ll hospitals A Govern mental hospitals ... 100 - Nongovern mental hosoitfllfj ... 100 Earnings and Supplementary Benefits in Hospitals, Philadelphia, Pa., July 1956 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor S tatistics 10 T a b le B-7: P a id v a c a tio n s Percent of Vacation policy Registered professional nurses in - Other professions1 and - techn Leal workersI in Govern Nongovern A ll mental mental hospitals hospitals hospitals A ll hospitals Govern mental hospitals 100 100 100 100 100 ...... 100 88 13 29 19 13 7 6 12 100 A8 37 1A - 86 16 26 16 15 6 6 1A 90 3 60 22 * 10 100 57 A3 - 99 3 A3 100 A3 5 2A 22 - 99 9 A2 2A 2A * 100 A 77 5 7 8 - 99 51 * 2A 2A ft 100 A8 5 2A 22 “ 99 52 2A 2A ft 100 81 5 7 8 99 36 6 25 * 100 A8 2A 27 - 99 3A 7 35 2A * 99 17 58 25 100 A8 2A 27 99 12 63 2A Nongovern mental hospitals Office c le ric a l workers in - Other nonprofessional workers in Govern Nongovern mental mental hospitfl]s hospitals A ll hospitals Govern mental hospitals 100 100 100 100 100 100 88 9 60 17 « _ 12 92 8 66 17 « 8 100 53 47 _ - 90 11 69 9 - 100 _ A3 57 _ _ - 83 24 50 3 _ _ 10 87 18 A8 21 _ _ 13 100 65 23 11 - 100 5 80 6 10 - 100 3 87 6 * « 100 59 30 11 - 100 3 95 _ _ * " 100 27 62 A 7 _ - 100 • 53 1A 27 _ 100 37 63 _ _ 100 65 23 11 - 100 85 6 10 - 100 90 6 * 100 59 30 11 - 100 98 _ K 100 20 A 65 A 7 _ 100 _ 53 1A 27 100 72 16 12 - 100 65 11 23 " 100 17 10 - 100 83 _ A 8 - 100 59 _ 11 30 - 100 96 _ •» * ~ 3 A - 100 53 35 12 100 65 11 23 100 50 A0 10 100 69 23 3 100 59 11 30 100 100 72 76 26 * 20 5 h. Nongovern mental hospitals A ll hospitals Am oun t o f v a c a t io n p a y After 6 months of service Workers in hospitals providing paid vacations ................ Under 1 week .................................................................... Over 1 and under 2 weeks ............................................... 2 weeks ................................................................ ........... Over 2 and under 3 weeks .............................................. Workers in hospitals providing no paid vacations ........... _ 17 After 1 year of service Workers in hospitals providing paid vacations ................ 1 week ................................. ........................................... 2 w eeks........................................................................... Over 2 and under 3 w eek s.............................................. 4 weeks and o v e r ....................... ..................................... Workers in hospitals providing no paid vacations . . . . . . . 2A 2A * - - - After 2 years of service Workers in hospitals providing paid v a c a tio n s............ . 1 week ............................................................................ Over 1 and under 2 w eek s.............................................. 2 w e e k s............ .............................................................. Over 2 and under 3 weeks ............................................... 3 w eeks............................................................................ A weeks and over ....... .................................................... Workers in hospitals providing no paid vacations ........... - - - 100 27 5 63 _ _ _ - After 3 years of service Workers in hospitals providing paid vacations ................ Over 1 and under 2 weeks ............................................... 2 weeks ............................................................................ Over 2 and tinder 3 weeks ............................................... 3 weeks ............................................................................ 4 weeks and o v e r ............ .......................... .................... Workers in hospitals providing no paid vacations ........... 33 73 100 9 A 75 100 _ 58 _ 27 1A - 100 12 5 81 _ ft _ 100 58 27 14 100 82 17 * - After 5 years of service Workers in hospitals providing paid vacations ................ Workers in hospitals providing no paid vacations ....... . Earnings and Supplementary Benefits in Hospitals, Philadelphia, Pa., July 1956 U.S. DEPARTMENT QF‘ LABOR Bureau of Labor S tatistics 11 Table B-7: Paid vacations - Continued P e rc e n t o f - Vacation policy Registered professional nurses in A ll hospitals Govern mental hospitals Nongovern mental hospitals Other professional and techni.cal workers in Govern Nongovern A ll mental mental hospitals hospitals hospitals Office c le ric a l workers in A ll hospitals Govern mental hospitals Nongovern mental hospitals Other nonprofe ss icnal workers in Govern Nongovern A ll mental mental hospitals hospita-ls hospitals Amount of vacation pay - Continued After 10 years of service Workers in 2 weeks 3 weeks 4 weeks Workers in hospitals providing paid v a c atio n s....... . ........................................................................... ..................................................................... . and over ............................................................. hospitals providing no paid vacations ......... . 99 11 42 47 # 100 73 27 ~ 99 12 37 50 * 100 30 47 23 - 100 8 69 23 - 100 35 42 23 - 100 44 40 16 - 100 6 64 30 - 100 54 34 12 - 100 47 44 9 - 100 15 70 14 - 100 58 34 8 “ 99 11 42 47 * 100 73 27 - 99 12 37 50 # 100 23 54 23 - ICO 8 69 23 ~ 100 27 50 23 - 100 35 49 16 - 100 6 64 30 ~ 100 43 45 12 - 100 41 49 9 - 100 15 70 14 - 100 50 42 8 - 99 11 39 51 * 100 73 27 99 12 33 55 # ICO 22 46 32 — 100 77 23 ~ 100 27 3a 35 “ 100 29 51 19 ~ 100 70 30 ” 100 37 46 17 “ 100 32 55 14 100 86 14 — 100 43 44 13 ~ 99 12 33 55 * 100 13 46 36 ” 100 77 23 _ 100 23 38 39 100 23 51 25 100 70 30 “ 100 29 46 24 ~ 100 29 58 14 ~ 100 86 14 100 39 43 13 After 15 years of service Workers in hospitals providing paid vacations ................ 2 weeks ............................................................ .............. 3 w eek s......... ................................................................. Workers in hospitals providing no paid vacations ........... After 20 years of service Workers in hospitals providing paid vacations ................ 2 weeks .......................................................................... 3 weeks......... .................................................................. 4 weeks and o v e r .......................................................... . Workers in hospitals providing no paid vacations . . . . . . . ' Workers in hospitals providing paid vacations .......... . 2 weeks ............................................................................ U weeks and over ................................................ ........... Workers in hospitals providing no paid v a c atio n s......... . le s s th a n 2 . 5 p e r c e n t. 99 11 39 51 * 100 73 27 “ ~ 12 Table B-8: Paid holidays Percent of Ite m R e g is t e r e d A ll h o s p it a ls A l l w o rk e r s .................................... ..................................... .. ...................... .. W o rk e rs i n h o s p i t a l s p r o v id in g p a id h o lid a y s .......................... .. 5 h o lid a y s ............................................................................................................ 6 h o lid a y s ............................... ................................................................. 7 h o lid a y s ........................................................................................................... S h o lid a y s ..................................................... ..................................................... 9 h o lid a y s .......................... ............................. .................................................. 1 0 h o lid a y s ................................................................................................. 1 2 h o lid a y s ................................................................................. ...................... 1 3 h o lid a y s ..................................................................................................... .. W o rk e rs i n h o s p i t a l s p r o v id in g no p a id h o lid a y s ..................... W o rk e rs i n h o s p i t a l s w i t h fo r m a l p r o v i s i o n s r e g a r d in g pay f o r w o rk o n p a id h o lid a y s ........................................................................ S t r a i g h t tim e ................................................................................................... Tim e and o n e - h a lf t o t a l ................................................... ..................... D o u b le tim e t o t a l ( r e g u l a r pay p l u s s t r a i g h t t im e ) . . . E q u a l tim e o f f .................................................................................. .............. O th e r ........................................................................................................................ W o rk e rs i n h o s p i t a l s p r o v id in g no p a id h o lid a y s o r h a v in g no fo r m a l p r o v i s i o n s r e g a r d in g p a id h o lid a y s . . • * p r o f e s s io n a l n u r s e s i n G o v e rn m e n ta l h o s p it a ls 100 100 100 * 100 - 13 52 18 * * 10 20 7 73 - 93 11 3 12 62 - N o n g o v e rn m e n ta l h o s p it a ls .......-12Q . O th e r p r o f e s s io n a 1 and te c a n i c a l w o rk e r s I n - . _ _ G overn N o ng o v e rn A ll m e n ta l m e n ta l h o s p it a ls h o s p it a ls h o s p it a ls ... — 100 * 21 61 18 * - 100 100 100 17 46 21 * 100 - _____ 1Q0. . . 100 22 57 20 * O ffic e A ll h o s p it a ls , 100 IX IX 14 - - - - - 13 - 100 - 98 13 10 93 15 * 100 _ _ 91 13 99 14 3 7 66 5 16 31 - 65 6 57 3 19 - * ~ # 7 54 46 - * * - - N o n g o v e rn m e n ta l h o s p it a ls (XL.. 100 ..........l O th e r n o n p r o f e s s io n a l w o rk e r s i n G o v e rn N o n g o v e rn A ll m e n ta l m e n ta l h o s p it a ls h o s p it a ls h o s p it a ls IX .— .IQQ......... IX IX 96 # 26 52 20 * 22 28 21 * - - 14 - 23 * 3 4. 64 - 4 18 15 70 _ _ - - 3 - 4 95 12 11 100 _ _ 93 16 15 13 56 3 50 50 _ * 41 22 * - 97 * - 21 - 5 G overn m e n ta l . h o s p it a ls IX 23 * 7 69 * c l e r i c a l w o rk e r s i n - 30 - - IX 67 33 73 3 14 64 - 98 17 8 _ _ _ 9 * “ * - _ 5 3 29 33 - 58 4 7 Less than 2.5 percent. Table B-9: Sick leave, insurance, and pension plans Percent of Type of plan Registered professional nurses in A ll hospitals A ll workers ............................................................................ Workers in hospitals providing: Life insurance ............................................... .................. Accidental death and dismemberment insurance Sick leave ........................................... ............................ F ull pay, no waiting period ...................................... P artia l pay or waiting period ................................... Hospitalization insurance ............................................. Hospitalization provided outside of group insurance .......................... ........................................ . Hospitalization at reduced cost ................ .................. . Surgical insurance ...................................... . Surgical benefits provided outside of group insurance ......................................................... . Medical insurance .......................................... .................. Medical benefits provided outside of group insurance ..................................... ................... Retirement pension or social security or both ............. Retirement pension (other than social security) . . . Social security ........................................................... 100 Govern mental 1 hospitals - 190 Nongovern mental hospitals IX Other professionsl1 and techn ic a l workers in Govern Nongovern A ll mental mental hospitals hospitals hospitals _1Q0 16 5 91 86 6 20 27 19 IX IX 48 15 3 90 83 7 16 27 11 96 92 4 22 30 10 7 _ 48 34 11 - 34 11 12 13 9 48 15 3 30 88 30 72 26 90 39 63 - . _ IX IX 8 IX IX Office c le ric a l workers in A ll hospitals ...... 100 21 6 96 57 25 8 95 91 5 13 6 23 57 42 14 _ 27 12 11 14 18 57 17 8 27 91 50 55 IX IX 8 34 89 33 67 31 23 IX IX - Govern mental hospitals 100 . 36 30 IX IX Nongovern mental hospitals ..... 100 Other nonprofessional /orkers in - ___ Govern Nongovern A ll mental mental hospitals hospitals hospitals IX IX IX 53 17 • 95 87 7 15 23 4 92 89 4 14 30 14 100 IX _ 43 _ 53 34 15 _ 29 10 11 _ 43 12 15 53 15 5 20 17 43 28 8 22 94 46 61 IX 100 6 28 92 32 75 23 94 41 63 IX IX 15 31 92 20 80 90 - 20 _ 90 85 5 4 39 14 Earnings and Supplementary Benefits in Hospitals, Philadelphia, Pa., July 1956 U.S. DEPARTMENT CP LABOR Bureau of Labor S tatistics 13 Appendix A : Scope and Method of Survey T h e P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . , a r e a 1 i s o n e o f 16 m a j o r m e t r o p o l i t a n areas in w h i c h the U . S . D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r ' s B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s , in c o o p e r a t i o n w i t h the W o m e n ' s B u re a u , has conducted s u r v e y s of s a l a r i e s and w o r k in g con dition s of h o s p it a l p e r s o n n e l. D a ta w e r e obtained by p e r s o n a l v is its o f B u r e a u of L a b o r Statistics field s t a f f to r e p r e s e n t a t i v e h o s p i t a l s , s e l e c t e d o n the b a s i s o f s i z e , t y p e o f s e r v i c e (e . g. , g e n e r a l , m e n t a l a nd a l l i e d , t u b e r c u l o s i s ) , and p r o p rie to rsh ip (F e d e r a l, State, o r lo c a l go ve rn m e n t, o r n o n go vern m e n tal o r g a n i z a t i o n s ) . H o s p i t a l s h a v i n g f e w e r t h a n 51 e m p l o y e e s w e r e o m i t t e d s i n c e t h e y e m p l o y r e l a t i v e l y f e w w o r k e r s i n the o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d i e d . A s u m m a r y o f the n u m b e r i s p r e s e n t e d in the t a b l e b e l o w . of h osp itals stud ied and their E a r n in g s data a re p re s e n te d ing g r o u p s : size T o i m p r o v e the r e l i a b i l i t y o f th e d a t a , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f l a r g e than o f s m a l l h o s p i t a l s w a s s t u d ie d . In c o m b i n i n g the d a t a , h o w e v e r , a ll h o s p it a ls w e r e g iven th eir a p p ro p ria te w e igh t. The e s t i m a t e s th u s r e l a t e to a l l h o s p i t a l s o f 51 o r m o r e em ployees rath er th a n to t h o s e a c t u a l l y v i s i t e d . O c cup atio ns and E a r n i n g s T h e o c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r s t u d y a r e c o m m o n to m o s t h o s p i t a l s w i t h i n the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y , r e g a r d l e s s o f t h e i r s i z e o r t y p e of s e r v ic e . O c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n w a s b a s e d on a u n i f o r m set o f j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d to t a k e a c c o u n t o f the f a c t d u t i e s w i t h i n the s a m e o c c u p a t i o n m a y v a r y s o m e w h a t a m o n g h o s p i t a l s . (T h e se d e s c r i p t i o n s a r e p r e s e n t e d in a p p e n d i x B . ) 1 For P h ilad e lph ia p u r p o s e s o f t h is s u r v e y , the and D e la w a r e C oun ties, P a . , P h ilad e lp h ia and C a m d e n a r e a in clud es C o u n t y , N . J. 1. R e g is te r e d p ro fessio nal n u rs e s . 2. O th er p r o fe s s io n a l and tech n ical e m p lo y e e s . (T h is te rm i n c l u d e s e m p l o y e e s in o c c u p a t i o n s s u c h a s X - r a y t e c h n i c ia n s, m e d ic a l te c h n o lo g ists, dietitian s, p h y sic a l t h e r a pists, m edical lib ra ria n s, m edical record lib ra ria n s, m e d i c a l s o c i a l w o r k e r s , and o c c u p a tio n a l t h e r a p i s t s . ) 3. O ffic e c le r ic a l e m p lo y e e s . (T h is g ro u p in cludes e m p lo y e e s d o i n g c l e r i c a l w o r k t h r o u g h o u t the h o s p i t a l i n s u c h p l a c e s a s the b u s i n e s s o f f i c e a n d the m e d i c a l r e c o r d l i b r a r y . ) 4. O t h e r n o n p r o f e s s io n a l e m p l o y e e s (in c lu d in g p r a c t i c a l n u r s e s , n u rsin g a i d e s , o r d e r l i e s , m a id s , k itc h e n h e lp , u n sk ille d l a b o r a t o r y h e lp , m a in t e n a n c e , la u n d r y , and s i m i l a r w o r k e r s ) . E a r n in g s data e xclud e p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e , f o r w o r k o n h o l i d a y s a n d l a t e s h i f t s , a n d f o r t i m e o n c a l l , a s w e l l a s the c a s h v a lu e of r o o m , b o a r d , a n d any o t h e r p e r q u i s i t e s p r o v i d e d in a d d it io n to c a s h s a l a r i e s . T h e e a r n in g s , h o w e v e r , in clu d e any c o s t - o f - l i v i n g bonuses as w e l l as e x t r a p a y f o r w o r k p e r f o r m e d in c e r t a i n units such as T B , p s y c h ia t r ic , o r c o m m u n ic a b le d is e a s e w a r d s , o p e ra tin g or d eliv e ry ro o m s. ( li m i t e d to h o s p i t a l s w it h 51 o r m o r e w o r k e r s ) N u m b e r of h o s p ita ls W o r k e r s in h o s p i t a l s W it h in s c o p e o f s tu d y W it h in s cope of s tu d y S t u d ie d -------------------------------- 65 30 2 9 , 5 70 F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t ----------------O t h e r g o v e r n m e n t a l a g e n c y ----N o n g o v e r n m e n t a l ------------------------ 2 7 56 2 5 23 1, 770 5, 390 2 2 ,4 1 0 A ll h o s p ita ls 1 In c lu d e s s o m e w o r k e r s (fo r e x a m p le , w i t h i n the f o l l o w D ata a re show n fo r fu ll- t im e e m p l o y e e s ; i. e. , th ose h i r e d to w o r k the r e g u l a r s c h e d u l e f o r th e g i v e n o c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . Stu dents w e r e not c o n s i d e r e d as e m p l o y e e s . A ll occupational in fo r m a t i o n e x c l u d e s n ot o n l y p a r t - t i m e e m p l o y e e s b u t m e m b e r s o f r e l i g i o u s o r d e r s a n d m e m b e r s o f the A r m e d F o r c e s . N u m b e r o f h o s p i t a l s a n d w o r k e r s w it h in s c o p e o f s u r v e y T y pe of h o s p ita l p ro p r ie t o rs h ip fo r occupations T o ta l w o rk ers 1 P r o fe s s io n a l an d te c h n ic a l w o rk ers (in c lu d e s R . N . *s ) S t u d ie d O ffic e c le ric a l w o rk ers O th er n o n p ro fe s s io n a l w o rk ers T o tal 5 ,5 1 0 2, 720 16, 110 19, 120 180 690 4, 630 1 70 400 2 , 150 600 3 ,6 1 0 1 1 ,9 1 0 1, 770 5, 010 1 2 ,3 5 0 t h o s e in a d m i n i s t r a t i v e p o s i t i o n s ) n o t in c lu d e d in the o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . 14 A verage w e e k l y e a r n i n g s d a t a r e f e r to e m p l o y e e s ' s t r a i g h t t i m e s a l a r i e s f o r t h e i r r e g u l a r w o r k w e e k ( r o u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a l f d o lla r). A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u rs , w h e re p re se n te d , have been rounded to the n e a r e s t h a l f h o u r a n d r e f e r to th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s re c e iv e these s a la r ie s . 6 m o n t h s w o u l d h a v e e a r n e d 15 d a y s o f v a c a t i o n . s h o w n a s b e i n g e l i g i b l e f o r 2 b u t l e s s than 3 w e e k s a ft e r 6 m o n th s of s e r v i c e e v e n though they a c c u m u l a t e a t the s a m e r a t e a f t e r this a m o u n t o f s e r v i c e as m o r e of em p lo y m e n t. H e n c e , they a re of paid vacatio n v acatio n cred its afte r a y e a r o r O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t the t o t a l in a l l h o s p i t a l s w i t h i n the s c o p e o f the s t u d y a n d n o t the n u m b e r a c t u a l l y surveyed. Because o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e a m o n g h o s p i t a l s , th e e s t i m a t e s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t o b t a i n e d from the s a m p l e o f h o s p i t a l s s t u d i e d s e r v e o n l y to i n d i c a t e the r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f the j o b s s t u d i e d . T h e s u m m a r y of i n s u r a n c e and p e n s i o n p la n s i n c l u d e s not o n l y f o r m a l a r r a n g e m e n t s that a r e u n d e r w r i t t e n b y an i n s u r a n c e c o m p a n y o r p o o l e d f u n d a n d f o r w h i c h the h o s p i t a l p a y s a t l e a s t p a r t o f the c o s t b u t a l s o f o r m a l h o s p i t a l p o l i c i e s p r o v i d i n g f o r b e n e f i t s to b e p a i d out of c u r r e n t o p e r a t i n g i n c o m e . D eath be n e fits a re in clu d e d as a f o r m of life i n s u r a n c e . M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p l a n s p r o vidin g fo r com p lete o r p a rtia l paym en t of d o c t o r s ' f e e s . H o sp ita l P r a c t ic e s and S u p p lem e n tary B e n efits I n f o r m a t i o n w a s o b t a in e d on s e l e c t e d h o s p i t a l p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s a s t h e s e r e l a t e to r e g i s t e r e d p r o f e s s i o n a l n u r s e s , o t h e r p r o f e s s i o n a l and te c h n ic a l w o r k e r s , o ffic e c l e r i c a l , and o th e r n on profession al e m p lo yees. ( A l l o f th e i n f o r m a t i o n o n s u p p l e m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s e x c l u d e s m e m b e r s o f r e l i g i o u s o r d e r s a n d o f the A r m e d F o r c e s as w e ll as p a r t - t i m e e m p l o y e e s .) T o a c o n s id e r a b le extent, d iffe r e n c e s a m o n g t h e s e g r o u p s i n the p r o p o r t i o n s r e c e i v i n g v a r i o u s b e n e f i t s r e f l e c t v a r i a t i o n s i n the e x t e n t to w h i c h t h e s e g r o u p s a r e e m p l o y e d in v a r i o u s h o s p i t a l s r a t h e r t h a n d i f f e r e n c e s i n p r a c t i c e w i t h i n the s a m e h o s p i t a l . S c h e d u led h o u rs ; o v e r t im e pay p r a c t ic e s ; paid h o lid a y s; ra te s o f p ay f o r w o r k on h o l i d a y s ; p a i d v a c a t i o n s ; and h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d p e n s i o n p l a n s a r e t r e a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y o n the a s s u m p t i o n t h a t s u c h b e n e f i t s a p p l y to a l l t h o s e e m p l o y e d w i t h i n th e o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p i n a given h o sp ital if a m a jo r it y of such e m p lo y e e s a re e lig ib le fo r o r m a y e v e n t u a l l y q u a l i f y f o r th e p r a c t i c e . B e c a u s e of roundin g, sum s o f i n d i v i d u a l i t e m s i n t h e s e t a b u l a t i o n s do n o t n e c e s s a r i l y e q u a l t o t a l s . T h e length of v a ca tio n show n a fter 6 m onths of s e r v ic e r e fe r s to the t o t a l a m o u n t o f v a c a t i o n w o r k e r s c a n t a k e a f t e r th is a m o u n t o f s e r v i c e , n o t to t h e i r a n n u a l r a t e o f v a c a t i o n ; h o w e v e r , v a c a t i o n p r o v i s i o n s s h o w n f o r w o r k e r s w i t h 1 o r m o r e y e a r s o f s e r v i c e r e f e r to their annual ra te . F o r e xam p le, V e te ra n s A d m in istra tio n n u rse s r e c e i v e 2 l/2 c a l e n d a r d a y s o f v a c a t i o n p e r m o n t h a n d a t the e n d o f T a b u l a t i o n s o f p e n s i o n p l a n s a r e l i m i t e d to t h o s e p l a n s t h a t p r o v i d e m o n t h l y p a y m e n t s f o r the r e m a i n d e r o f the r e t i r e d w o r k e r ' s life. D a t a o n the e x t e n t to w h i c h h o s p i t a l e m p l o y e e s a r e c o v e r e d b y O ld -A g e, S u rv iv ors' and D is a b ilit y In s u ra n c e (s o c ia l s e c u rity ) a r e p r e s e n t e d , s i n c e m o s t h o s p i t a l s a r e n o t a u t o m a t i c a l l y c o v e r e d b y the F e d e r a l S o cia l Secu rity S y ste m . S i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e i s l i m i t e d to t h a t t y p e of i n s u r a n c e u n d er w h ich p r e d e t e r m in e d c a s h p ay m en ts a r e m a d e d ir e c t ly to the i n s u r e d o n a w e e k l y o r m o n t h l y b a s i s d u r i n g i l l n e s s o r a c c i dent d is a b ilit y . P a i d s i c k - le a v e p lan s w h ich p ro v id e fu ll pay o r a p o r t i o n o f the e m p l o y e e ' s p a y d u r i n g a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e o f i l l n e s s a r e i n c l u d e d in the s u r v e y o f p a i d s i c k l e a v e . I n a d d i t i o n to the p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s w h o a r e p r o v i d e d s i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e o r p a i d s i c k l e a v e , the t a b l e s h o w i n g s u c h b e n e f i t s p r e s e n t s an u n d u p lic a te d total of e m p l o y e e s w h o r e c e i v e e it h e r o r both ty p e s of b e n e fi t s . T h e v a lu e of any p e r q u i s i t e s r e c e i v e d by h o s p it a l e m p l o y e e s h a s n o t b e e n a d d e d to th e e a r n i n g s data. S e p a r a t e i n f o r m a t i o n is s h o w n , h o w e v e r , o n the e x t e n t to w h i c h h o s p i t a l e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e r o o m , b o a r d , a n d o t h e r p e r q u i s i t e s i n a d d i t i o n to t h e i r c a s h s a l a r i e s . L i m i t e d i n f o r m a t i o n is a ls o in c lu d e d on a r r a n g e m e n t s w hereby e m p loyees purchase m e a ls o r rent a ro o m f r o m the h o s p i t a l t h r o u g h p a y ro ll d eductions. 15 Appendix B: Job Descriptions T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r i n g j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s f o r the B u r e a u ‘s w a g e s u r v e y s i s to a s s i s t i t s f i e l d s t a f f in c l a s s i f y i n g i n t o a p p r o p r i a t e o c c u p a t i o n s w o r k e r s w h o a r e e m p l o y e d u n d e r a v a r i e t y o f p a y r o l l t i t l e s a n d d i f f e r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s f r o m h o s p i t a l to h o s p i t a l a n d f r o m a r e a t o a r e a . T h i s i s e s s e n t i a l in o r d e r to p e r m i t th e g r o u p i n g o f o c c u p a t i o n a l w a g e r a t e s r e p r e s e n t i n g c o m p a r a b l e j o b c o n t e n t . B e c a u s e o f t h i s e m p h a s i s on i n t e r h o s p i t a l a n d i n t e r a r e a c o m p a r a b i l i t y o f o c c u p a t i o n a l c o n t e n t , th e B u r e a u ’s j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s m a y d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t l y f r o m t h o s e u s e d in i n d i v i d u a l h o s p i t a l s o r t h o s e p r e p a r e d f o r o t h e r p u r p o s e s . In a p p l y i n g t h e s e j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s , the B u r e a u ’s f i e l d r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s w e r e i n s t r u c t e d to e x c l u d e s t u d e n t s , m e m b e r s o f r e l i g i o u s o r d e r s , a n d o f the A r m e d F o r c e s , a n d p a r t - t i m e w o r k e r s . S u p e r v i s o r s o f o t h e r w o r k e r s in th e s a m e o c c u p a t i o n w e r e o m i t t e d e x c e p t w h e r e the j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s p r o v i d e c o n t r a r y i n s t r u c t i o n s . P r o f e s s i o n a l D IR E C T O R OF and N U R SIN G T e c h n i c a l - N u r s i n g S U PE R V ISO R OF NURSES - Continued A r e g is t e r e d p ro fe s s io n a l n u rse who d ire cts and s u p e rv is e s a ll n u rs in g s e r v i c e s c o n c e r n e d w i t h c a r e of p a t i e n t s in the h o s p i t a l : P l a n s the n u r s i n g s e r v i c e s n e e d e d to a c h i e v e the o b j e c t i v e o f the h o s p ital. I s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r m a i n t a i n i n g s u c h n u r s i n g s e r v i c e in a c c o r d a nce w ith a c c e p t e d s t a n d a r d s . A n a ly z e s and e v a lu a te s n u rsin g and r e l a t e d s e r v i c e s to i m p r o v e q u a l i t y o f p a t i e n t c a r e a n d to p l a n b e t t e r u tiliz atio n of st a ff tim e and a b i l i t i e s . P l a n s a n d d i r e c t s the o r i e n t a t io n a n d i n - s e r v i c e e d u c a t i o n a l p r o g r a m f o r n u r s i n g p e r s o n n e l . I n t e r p r e t s h o s p i t a l p e r s o n n e l p o l i c i e s . A d m i n i s t e r s the b u d g e t f o r the n u r s in g d e p a r t m e n t a n d m a y a s s i s t in i t s p r e p a r a t i o n . M a y p a r t i c i p a t e in com m u n ity health edu catio n p r o g r a m s . M ay be re s p o n s ib le f o r the a d m in is tra tio n of a sc h ool of n u rs in g if such a sc h o o l is o p e r a t e d b y the h o s p i t a l . M a y d e l e g a t e a n y o f t h e s e r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s to a n assistant. M a y a s s u m e th e f u n c t i o n s o f a s u p e r v i s o r i n a s m a l l h o s pital. M a y s e le c t and r e c o m m e n d appo intm en t of n u r s in g p e r s o n n e l. N u r s e s w h o s e p r i m a r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s a d m i n i s t r a t i o n o f the h o s p i t a l a n d a s s i s t a n t d i r e c t o r s w h o m a y b e d e l e g a t e d the r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r e i t h e r n u r s i n g s e r v i c e o r the s c h o o l o f n u r s i n g a r e e x c l u d e d ! th e p r o c u r e m e n t o f s u p p l i e s a n d e q u i p m e n t f o r h e r u n it o r u n i t s . M ay spend p a r t of tim e in stru ctin g student n u r s e s or a u x ilia ry nursing p e r s o n n e l o r plan ning in str u c t io n for th ese g r o u p s . M a y p e r f o r m the f u n c t i o n s o f th e h e a d n u r s e w h e n t h e r e i s n o h e a d n u r s e . M a y be in c h a r g e o f m o r e th a n on e m e d i c a l , s u r g i c a l , p s y c h i a t r i c , o r o t h e r u n i t , o r m o r e t h a n on e o p e r a t i n g r o o m , o r m a y b e i n c h a r g e o f a c o m b in a t io n o f th e s e units su ch a s a m e d i c a l w a r d and a s u r g i c a l w ard. E v e n i n g o r n igh t s u p e r v i s o r s , n u r s e s w h o sp e n d m o r e than h a l f t h e i r t i m e in i n s t r u c t i o n in the c l a s s r o o m o r on the o r g a n i z e d n u r s i n g u n i t , n u r s e s a s s i g n e d to c e n t r a l s u p p l y m o r e t h a n h a l f t i m e , a n d a s s i s t a n t d i r e c t o r s w h o a r e r e s p o n s i b le fo r c e r t a in ty pe s of functio ns ( e . g . , p e r s o n n e l, b ud get, n u rsin g education, n u rsin g s e r v ic e ) as d is tin guish ed fr o m certain s e r v ic e s ( e . g . , s u r g i c a l , m e d i c a l , e t c . ) and w h o p e r f o r m functions of d i r e c t o r a s d e le g a t e d by h e r (s u c h a s c o o r d i n a t i n g n u r s i n g s e r v i c e w ith that of o t h e r s e r v i c e s ) a r e e x c l u d e d . SU PE R V ISO R A r e g i s t e r e d p r o f e s s i o n a l n u r s e w h o is r e s p o n s i b le f o r the n u r s i n g s e r v i c e a n d p a t i e n t c a r e o n on e o r g a n i z e d n u r s i n g u n it: A s s i g n s p a t i e n t c a r e d u t i e s to ( p r o f e s s i o n a l a n d n o n p r o f e s s i o n a l ) n u r s i n g p e r sonnel and s u p e r v i s e s and e v a lu a te s w o r k p e r f o r m a n c e . P e rio d ic a lly v i s i t s p a t i e n t s to i n s u r e o p t i m a l c a r e a n d to a s c e r t a i n n e e d f o r a d d i tio nal o r m o d if ie d s e r v i c e s . S u p e r v i s e s the e x e c u t io n o f d o c t o r s ' o r d e r s a n d r e l a t e d t r e a t m e n t s a n d the m a i n t e n a n c e o f n u r s i n g r e c o r d s . A s s i s t s in the o r i e n t a t i o n o f n e w p e r s o n n e l to the u n i t . I n s u r e s the a v a ila b ilit y of su p p lie s and e q u ip m en t. Iden tifies n u rsin g s e r v ic e p r o b l e m s a n d a s s i s t s in t h e i r s o l u t i o n . M a y g i v e d i r e c t n u r s i n g c a r e in OF NURSES A r e g i s t e r e d p r o fe s s io n a l n u rse who d ire c t s and s u p e r v is e s the n u r s i n g s e r v i c e in one o r m o r e o r g a n i z e d n u r s i n g u n i t s : E v a lu a t e s the n u r s i n g s e r v i c e in h e r u n i t o r u n i t s a n d r e l a t e s t h e s e a c t i v i t i e s to o t h e r h o s p i t a l d e p a r t m e n t s a n d to the t o t a l n u r s i n g s e r v i c e . Inter p r e t s r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s a n d h o s p i t a l p o l i c y to n u r s i n g p e r s o n n e l . A s s i s t s in the e v a l u a t i o n o f n u r s i n g p e r s o n n e l . P a r t i c i p a t e s in the o r i e n t a t i o n and i n - s e r v i c e edu catio n p r o g r a m s fo r n u r s in g p e r s o n n e l. M a y d ire ct HEAD NURSE 16 HEAD NURSE - Continued G ENERAL DUTY NURSE - Continued selected situations ( i . e . , perform s duties of general duty nurse). May assist in the in -service education and guidance of nursing personnel. May spend part of time supervising or instructing student nurses. May be responsible for ward 24 hours a day in the sense evening and night nurses report to her and she is responsible for assigning duties on other shifts. Nurses who spend m ore than half their time in the central supply unit or in instruction in the classroom or on an or ganized nursing unit, and those who are given the title of assistant head nurse who receive extra pay as assistant supervisor are excluded. head nurses, specialized intravenous nurses, those who spend more than half their time in the central supply department or in instruction in the classroom or on the organized nursing unit are excluded. G EN ERAL DUTY NURSE A registered professional nurse who gives nursing care to patients within an organized nursing unit: U tilizes special skill, knowl edge, and judgment in observing and reporting symptoms and condition of patient. Adm inisters highly specialized therapy with complicated equipment. Gives medication and notes reactions. Maintains records on patient1s condition, medication, and treatment. Assists the physi cian with treatment. May set up equipment, prepare the patient, etc. May supervise professional and other nursing personnel who are work ing as members of a nursing team in caring for a group of patients. May spend part time instructing, supervising, or assigning duties to student nurses, practical nurses, and nursing aides. May instruct patients and fam ily. May assume some or all of the functions of the head nurse in her absence. May bathe and feed acutely ill patients. May take and record temperatures, respiration, and pulse. Nurse anesthetists, those who are given extra compensation as assistant Professional NURSING INSTRUCTOR 1 A registered professional nurse who instructs student, p ro fessional, or practical nurses in theory and practical aspects of nursing art and science: Assists in planning and preparing curriculum and outline for course. Lectures to students and demonstrates accepted methods of nursing service, such as carrying out m edical and sur gical treatments, observing and recording symptoms, and applying principles of asepsis and antisepsis. Collaborates with nursing super viso rs to supplement classroom training with practical experience in various departments. Renders individual training assistance w herever needed, and observes perform ance of students in actual nursing situa tions. May prepare, administer, and grade examinations to determine student progress and achievement. May make recommendations re la tive to improved teaching and nursing techniques. May assist in c a r r y ing out hospital in -service training program by initiating new p ro ce dures and practices and training graduate nurses in their application. May conduct refresh er training courses fo r graduate nurses in theory and practice of general nursing care or clinical specialties. May train auxiliary w orkers in administration of nonprofessional aspects of nursing care. May teach practical nursing techniques to classes of lay persons. Nurses who spend less than half of their time on such duties are excluded. and T e c h n i c a l - Other D IE TITIA N D IE TITIA N - Continued A worker who organizes, adm inisters, and directs one or more phases of the hospital food service program and applies the principles of nutrition to the feeding of individuals and groups. Does at least one of the following: (a) Plans menus, (b) plans modifications of the normal diet for persons needing special diet treatment, or (c) instructs patients and/or hospital personnel in principles of nutri tion and in modifications of the normal diet. In addition, usually p e r form s several or all of the following duties: Purchasing or requesting food, equipment, and supplies; supervising food preparation; super vising the serving of food to patients and hospital personnel; selecting, training, and supervising nonprofessional personnel; maintaining food cost controls; inspecting work areas and storage fa cilities fo r sani tation and safety. Norm ally, dietitians w ill have a college degree with a m ajor in foods, nutrition, or institutional management plus a dietetic internship. Food service supervisors who are concerned with the day-to-day operations of preparing and serving meals but who do not apply the principles of nutrition to meal planning (other than to modify diets according to established patterns) and, in hospitals that have staff dietitians, chief and assistant chief dietitians are excluded. M ED ICAL RECORD LIB R A R IA N A worker who is responsible for the activities of the depart ment in which the m edical records maintained on hospital or clinic patients are filed . These duties include several or all of the following: Reviewing patients1 records fo r completeness and accuracy according 1 This occupation was not studied in Portland, O reg. 17 M EDICAL RECORD LIB R A R IA N - Continued M ED ICAL TECHNOLOGIST - Continued to standards established by the accrediting agencies of hospitals; coding or verifying coding of diseases, operations, and special therapy ac cording to recognized nomenclature and classification systems; index ing diseases, operations, and other special study m aterial; preparing or supervising preparation of periodic statistical reports such as on morbidity, births, and deaths, utilization of fa cilities; assisting the medical staff in research involving medical records; abstracting case histories for special reports; selecting and tabulating information from patients1 records fo r specific purposes of the hospital or clinic and the community; answering inquiries for information recorded in patients1 records in accordance with prescribed hospital policies; filin g or su pervising filing of records; participating in staff meetings representing aprofessional service; taking m edical or surgical dictation. Selects and trains any other employees in the department and assigns their duties. In addition, this worker may prepare the budget fo r the department and may serve as the hospital medical librarian. May direct program for training m edical record lib rary students.. M edical record librarians in hospitals below the level of chief are excluded unless they are registered by the Am erican Association of Medical Record L ib raria n s. study. May, under supervision of a pathologist, engage in research and teaching activities. May supervise laboratory assistants, or where no laboratory assistants are employed, perform their duties. May also perform some duties of X -ray technicians, take electrocard io grams and determine basal metabolic rate. In large hospitals and those engaged in research, medical technologists may be responsible for testing and examination in only one of several fields of clinical pathology. In small hospitals, they may perform clinical tests in any one or a combination of these field s. Perform s duties normally requiring 12 months1 training in an approved school for medical tech nologists following at least 2 years of college. May be registered by registering agency. Chief technologists where more than one m edi cal technologist is employed; tissue technicians who m erely do routine preparation of tissue for study; those who perform only routine (quali tative rather than quantitative) tests such as urinalysis for PH factor or sugar by noting color change, testing hemoglobin by color, doing rough screening, or who perform only a lim ited range of tests within one field; and workers holding specialist certificates from the R egistry of the Am erican Society of Clinical Pathologists are excluded. M EDICAL SOCIAL WORKER PH YSICAL THERAPIST A person who provides direct service to patients by helping them resolve personal and environmental difficulties that interfere with obtaining maximum benefits from medical care or that predispose toward illn ess. P erfo rm s a variety of services such as counseling on social problems and arranging for posthospital care at home or in institutions, fo r placement of children in foster homes or adults in nursing homes, and for financial assistance during illness; utilizes resources such as fam ily and community agencies to assist patient to resume life in community or to learn to live within disability. Prepares and keeps current a social case record. Provides attending physician and others with pertinent information to add to understanding of patient. May supervise social work students and beginning case w ork ers. Social workers assigned p rim a rily to psychiatric wards and clinics; workers engaged prim arily in financial screening of patients and rate setting; those workers classified as case aides; and in hospitals where more than one social worker is employed, the head of the social service department and other supervisors of medical social workers unless they spend at least 80 percent of their time in direct service to patients (including related c lerica l and other duties) are excluded. A person who treats disabilities, injuries, and diseases through the use of massage, ex ercise, and effective properties of air, water, heat, cold radiant energy, and electricity, according to prescription of a physician. May instruct students, interns, and nurses in methods and objective of physical therapy and may supervise physical therapy aides. May consult with other therapists to coordinate therapeutic programs for individual patients. N orm ally requires training in ap proved scho'ol of physical therapy. In hospitals with more than one physical therapist, the chief therapist and those who spend over 20 per cent of their time supervising other physical therapists are excluded. M EDICAL TECHNOLOGIST A worker who perform s various chem ical, m icroscopic, and/or bacteriologic tests to obtain data used in diagnosis and treatment of patients. Applies techniques used in fields of bacteriology or m y cology, parasitology, histopathology, hematology, serology, a llergy, and/or chemical, radioactive, or morphological examinations. Is r e sponsible for carrying procedures to completion (and a numerical an sw er). Records laboratory test results (but does not prepare diag nostic reports). May prepare tissues for m icroscopic pathological X -R A Y TECHNICIAN Takes X -ray photographs of various portions of body to assist physician in detection of foreign bodies and diagnoses of diseases and injuries, and/or assists in treating diseased or affected areas under supervision of radiologist. Prepares patient for roentgenographic e x amination, fluoroscopy or therapy requested by the physician, p e r form ing such duties as poistioning patient, and administering chemical mixtures to increase opaqueness of organs. Sets up and operates stationary and mobile X -ray equipment. Develops exposed film or supervises its development by darkroom helper. Prepares and main tains records or supervises their preparation by clerica l helpers. May maintain equipment in efficient operating condition, including c o r rection of minor faults, and may clean apparatus. May perform duties in other departments, such as physical therapy, basal i m etabolism , and electrocardiography. May, under radiologist1s direction, instruct nurses, interns, and students in X -ray techniques. Data for chief X -ra y technicians in hospitals where more than one X -ray technician is employed are presented separately. 18 Office B IL L E R , MACHINE 2 SW ITCHBOARD OPERATOR A worker who prepares statements, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electrom atic typew riter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other c le rica l work incidental to billing operations. A worker who operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intra hospital or office calls. May record toll calls and take m essages. May give information to persons who call in. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist. C LE R K , P A Y R O L L A w orker who computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: C al culating w o rk er1s earnings based on time or production records; post ing calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as w ork er1s name, working days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating m achine. SWITCHBOARD O PER ATO R-REC EPTIO NIST A worker who in addition to perform ing duties of operator, on a single position or m onitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerica l work as part of regular duties. This typing or c lerica l work may take the major part of this w ork er1s time while at switchbbard. STENOGRAPHER, TEC H NICAL A worker whose prim ary duty is to take dictation from one or m ore persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or sim ilar m a chine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as reports on scientific research, and to transcribe this dictation on a typew riter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine w ork. Other TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPER ATO R, TEC H NICAL A worker whose prim ary ing a technical vocabulary from also type from written copy and who takes dictation in shorthand is classified as a stenographer. duty is to transcribe dictation in volv transcribing-machine records. May do simple clerica l work. A worker or by stenotype or sim ilar machine Nonprofessiona 1 C A R PE N TE R . M AIN TEN AN CE 2 DISHWASHER, MACHINE A worker who perform s the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, crib s, counters, benches, partitions, doors, flo o rs, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in a hospital. Work in volves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, m odels, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter1s handtools, portable power tools, and standard m easur ing instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimen sions of work; selecting m aterials necessary fo r the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. A worker who operates a dishwashing machine and perform s most of the following duties: Cleans dishes, glassware, and silverw are by machine. R eceives tableware from dining room and/or patients1 rooms, or stacks tableware fo r transporting to dishwasher. Scrapes food from dishes. Transports cleaned and dried ware to proper places May also clean working area, steam tables, and kitchen equipment, arrange dining tables and chairs, polish fixtures, and perform other duties. May remove garbage from dishwashing area. 2 These occupations w ere studied only Buffalo, N. Y. , Portland, O reg. , and St. Louis, Mo. in E LE C TR IC IA N , M AINTENANCE A worker who perform s a variety of electrica l trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment fo r the generating, distribution, or utilization of electric energy iri a hos Baltim ore, Md. , pital. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing 19 E LE C TR IC IA N , M AINTENANCE - Continued F IN ISHER, F L A T WORK, MACHINE any of a variety of electrica l equipment such as generators, trans fo rm ers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers , m otors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment', working from blueprints, drawings, layout, or other specifications; locating and di agnosing trouble in the electrica l system or equipment; working stand ard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrica l equipment; using a variety of electricia n ’ s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. A worker who perform s flatwork finishing operations by m a chine. Work involves one or more of the following: Shaking out the creases in sem idry washing to prepare it for the flatwork ironing machine; feeding clean, damp flatwork pieces into the flatwork ironing machine by placing the articles on the feeder ro llers; catching or receiving articles as they em erge from the machine and partially folding them. ELEVATO R O PER ATO R, PASSENGER3 A worker who operates a passenger elevator. Supplies information to passengers regarding location of wards and offices. Assists patients in and out of elevator and may push in wheelchairs and carriages to or from elevator. May move freight in and out of elevator. May distribute m ail. ENGINEER, STATIO N AR Y A worker who operates and maintains and may also super vise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply the hospital in which employed with power, heat, refrigeration , or air conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air com pressors, generators, m otors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers, and b o iler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in hospitals employing more than one engineer are excluded. EXTRACTOR O P E R A T O R 4 A worker who removes surplus moisture from m aterials (such as wet cloth, clothing, knit goods, and yarn) by operating a centrifugal extractor. Work involves most of the following: Loading m aterial into perforated drum of machine by hand or hoist; closing lid and starting machine, allowing it to run a predetermined time or until fluid stops flowing from drain; removing partly dried m aterials; hand trucking materials within the department. May assist the washer in loading, operating, or unloading the washing machine. HOUSEKEEPER, CHIEF A worker who is charged with the responsibility for house keeping activities, which include maintenance of clean and sanitary conditions in all areas of the hospital except for engineering and die tetic areas; conduct of studies fo r better housekeeping products and equipment. In this capacity, the housekeeper formulates and im ple ments procedures for effective utilization of housekeeping personnel, supplies, and equipment; sets standards for cleaning, sanitation, and preservation of flo or and wall surfaces; conducts continuing program to improve housekeeping techniques and practices; makes budget e s ti mates; schedules activities and makes inspection to determine whether established standards of sanitation and cleanliness are being met. Su pervises housekeeping personnel, including conduct of in -service train ing, interviewing and final selection of personnel, recommending p ro motions and discharge of em ployees. May give advice to management on selection of color scheme, type of draperies, rugs, upholstery, and furniture to be used when needed for replacement. KITCHEN H ELPE R A worker who perform s one or more of the following unskilled kitchen duties: Cleans worktables, meat blocks, re frig e ra to r, and grease trays; sweeps and mops kitchen flo ors, obtains and distributes supplies and utensils; watches and stirs cooking foods to prevent burn ing. C arries dirty utensils to be washed and returns cleaned utensils and polished silver to proper place in kitchen. Cleans pots and kitchen utensils. C arries out garbage. D elivers food trays to flo or diet kitchens and collects dirty dishes from trays. Assists in setting up trays. Dishes up food. Cuts, peels, and washes fruits and ve g e tables. Makes toast and beverages. Workers who work with patients in mental hospitals or who perform tasks such as making salad dress i ng or soup stock; preparing special beverages such as eggnogs or milk shakes; cooking or frying eggs; weighing, measuring, and mixing ingredients for bakery products, e tc ., are excluded. MAID OR PO RTER 3 Buffalo, 4 Buffalo, These occupations were studied only in Baltim ore, Md. , N. Y. , and St. Louis, Mo. These occupations were studied only in Baltim ore, Md. , N. Y. , Portland, O reg. , and St. Louis, Mo. A worker who cleans and services hospital prem ises: P e r form s one or more of the following duties: Cleans, mops, and waxes floors. Dusts furniture and equipment. Cleans window s ills , empties 20 MAID OR PO RTER - Continued NURSING AIDE - Continued trash baskets, and arranges furniture and equipment in an orderlyfashion. Scours and polishes bathtubs, sinks, m irro rs , and sim ilar equipment, replenishing supplies of soap and towels. Polishes brass and cleans and polishes glass panels in doors and partitions. Keeps utility storage rooms in good order by cleaning lockers and equipment, arranging supplies, and sweeping and mopping flo or. P erfo rm s a variety of related duties. May be assigned to specific areas, such as wards, o ffices, or surgery. Those workers who work with patients in mental hospitals are excluded. ments and equipment. May clean rooms or equipment upon discharge of patients. Makes occupied beds. May take and record tem pera ture, pulse, and respiration rate. May escort newly admitted patients from admitting office to hospital room or ward. May or may not be licensed. May be called ord erly and may transport and arrange p o rt able X -ra y , oxygen, or heavy equipment. In mental hospitals or p sy chiatric units w ill have very lim ited responsibility fo r participation in care of patients, being lim ited to physical care rather than so cia l izing and w ill work under close supervision. M ED ICAL LA B O R A TO R Y ASSISTANT * P R A C T IC A L NURSE A worker who assists one or m ore m edical technologists or w orkers of equivalent status by perform ing one or more of the following duties: Preparin g, under instruction, sterile media for use in grow ing cultures (does not identify bacteria); sorting bacterial cultures p rior to examination by medical technologists; preparing solutions, noncritic a l reagents (i. e . , those not requiring a high degree of accuracy— such as salt solutions or dye solutions), or stains, following standard laboratory formulas and procedu res. May clean and sterilize labora tory equipment, glassware, and instruments. May do charting under supervision. May collect some types of specimens from patients. Does not perform tests. A person who, under supervision of a professional nurse, perform s selected and delegated nursing tasks in care of patients. P erfo rm s three or m ore of the following duties: Measures and ad m inisters simple medications as directed; applies simple dressings; administers enemas, douches, perineal care, and other treatments as directed; reports general observation of patients* condition; sets up treatment trays; keeps under constant surveillance patients recoverin g from anesthesia or receivin g prolonged intravenous or subcutaneous injections, notifying professional nurse of unusual reactions; takes and records tem perature, pulse, and respiration. In a mental hospital, may be called a psychiatric aide or attendant and may have duties such as socializing and custodial functions peculiar to mental hospitals. Some workers called ord erlies may perform these duties and are in cluded. May be licensed and may also perform duties of a nursing aide. Those regu larly supervising other practical nurses or nursing aides and those supervising units to which no professional nurses are assigned are excluded. N U R S IN G A ID E A worker who assists the nursing staff by perform ing routine duties in the care of hospital patients. P erfo rm s several of the fo llo w ing patient care services: Bathes bed patients or assists them in bathing. Cares for patients* hair and nails. Feeds or assists patients to eat and brings patients between-m eal nourishment. Assists patients with bedpans and urinals. Keeps records of patients* food intake and output when ordered. A ssists patients in undressing and provides hospital clothing, storing patients* clothing and valuables. A ssists patients in walking and transports patients to various hospital rooms by means of wheelchair or stretcher. Cleans and sterilizes instru5 These occupations w ere Buffalo, N. Y. , and St. Louis, Mo. studied only in WASHER, MACHINE A worker who operates one or m ore washing machines to wash hospital linens, garments, curtains, draperies, and other a rticles. Work involves the following: Manipulating valves, switches, and leve rs to start and stop the machine and to control the amount and tem pera ture of water fo r the sudsing and rinsing of each batch; mixing and adding soap, bluing and bleaching solutions; loading and unloading the washing machine, if not done by loaders or unloaders (pu llers). May B altim ore, Md. , make minor repairs to washing machine. ☆ U . S. GOVERNMENT P R IN T IN G O F F I C E : 1957 O -4 3 6 4 9 5
@FedFRASER