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Industry
Wage Survey
) l*? 7 O
F ab ricated
S tru ctu ral S teel
O c to b e r 1969
Bulletin 1695
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
D ayto n
& M o n tg o m e ry
we
P u b lic L ib r a r y
A U G :u iy s n
W G U M E M T C O L tfC tW **
industry
Wage Survey
F a b r ic a te d
S tru ctu ra l S te e l
O ctob er 1969
Bulletin 1695
U.S. D EP AR TM EN T O F LABOR
J. D. Hodgson, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Geoffrey H. Moore. Commissioner
1971
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D .C. 20402 - Price 50 cents
Preface
This bulletin summarizes the results of a Bureau of Labor Statistics survey of
wages and supplementary benefits in the fabricated structural steel industry in October
1969. A similar survey of this industry was made in October-November 1964.
Separate releases were issued earlier for Birmingham, Ala.; Chicago, 111.; Cleveland,
Ohio; Detroit, Mich.; Houston, Tex.; Los Angeles—Long Beach and Anaheim—Santa
Ana—Garden Grove, Calif.; and New York—Northeastern New Jersey. Copies of these
releases are available from the Bureau o f Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C. 20212, or
any o f its regional offices.
This study was conducted in the Bureau’s Office of Wages and Industrial Rela
tions. The analysis in this bulletin was prepared by Michael Tighe of the Division of
Occupational Wage Structures. Field work for the survey was directed by the Assistant
Regional Directors for Operations.
Other reports available from the Bureau’s program of industry wage studies, as well
as the addresses o f the Bureau’s regional offices, are listed at the end o f this bulletin.
Contents
Page
Summary................................................................................................................................................................
Industry characteristics.......................................................................................................................................
L o ca tio n ............................................................................................................................................
Establishment size ..........................................................................................................................................
Union contract coverage..................................................................................................................................
Method of wage paym ent...............................................................................................................................
Average hourly earnings ....................................................................................................................................
Occupational earnings..........................................................................................................................................
Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions.........................................................................
Scheduled weekly hours and shift practices.......................................
Paid h o lid a ys.................................................................................
Paid vacations..................................................................................................................................................
Health, insurance, and retirement plans........................................................................................................
Other selected benefits ........................................................
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
Tables:
1. Average hourly earnings: By selected characteristics......................................................................
2. Earnings distribution: All establishments..........................................................................................
6
7
Occupational averages:
3. All establishments.................................................................................................................................
4. By community s i z e ..............................................................................................................................
5. By establishment s iz e ...........................................................................................................................
6. By labor-management contract coverage............................................................................................
8
11
13
15
Occupational earnings:
7. Birmingham, A l a ..............................................................................................................................
8. Chicago, 1 1 1 .................................................................................................. -.........................................
9. Cleveland, Ohio..............................................................................................................................
10. Detroit, M ich ..........................................................................................................................................
11. Houston, T e x ..........................................................................................................................................
12. Los Angeles—Long Beach andAnaheim—Santa Ana—Garden Grove, Calif ..................................
13 New York—Northeastern NewJersey .......................
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions:
14. Method of wage payment
.................................................................................................................
15. Scheduled weekly h o u r s .......................................................................................
16. Shift differential provisions ........................................................................................................... .. .
17. Shift differential practices
........................................................................................................... .. i
18. Paid holidays...........................................................................................................................
24
25
26
27
28
v
Contents— Continued
Page
Tables— Continued
19. Paid vacatio n s.......................................................................................................................................
20. Health, insurance, and retirement p lan s.............................................................................................
21. Other selected benefits.........................................................................................................................
29
32
34
Appendixes:
A. Scope and method of s u rv e y ..............................................................................................................
B. Occupational descriptions....................................................................................................................
35
39
Industry Wage Survey—
Fabricated Structural Steel, October 1969
S um m ary
I n d u s t r y c h a r a c t e r i s it ic s
O c c u p y i n g a n i n t e r m e d ia t e p o s i t i o n b e t w e e n r o l l
in g m ill s a n d b u i l d e r s , t h e f a b r i c a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l
in d u s tr y c u t s , s h a p e s , a n d jo in s m e ta l p a rts f o r u se
in b u i l d i n g s , b r i d g e s , s h i p s , a n d o t h e r s t r u c t u r e s .
E s t a b l is h m e n t s w i t h i n s c o p e o f t h e s u r v e y e m p l o y e d
6 4 ,5 5 7 p r o d u c t io n a n d r e la te d w o r k e r s in O c t o b e r
1 9 6 9 , a n in c r e a s e o f 1 6 p e r c e n t o v e r t h e 5 5 , 4 2 9 r e
c o r d e d in a s im ila r B u r e a u s u r v e y in O c t o b e r - N o v e m b e r 1 9 6 4 .3 T h e 1 9 6 0 ’ s w e re a p e r io d o f c o n s id e r
a b le g r o w t h in s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l. F r o m 1 9 6 0 t o 1 9 6 7 ,
t h e la t e s t y e a r f o r w h i c h d a t a a r e a v a il a b le , v a lu e
a d d e d b y m a n u f a c t u r i n g e s i a o i i s n m e n t s c l a s s i f i e d in
t h e i n d u s t r y in c r e a s e d f r o m $ 8 2 0 m i l l i o n t o $ 1 .3
b illio n o r 6 2 p e r c e n t .4
S t r a ig h t - t i m e e a r n in g s o f p r o d u c t i o n a n d r e la t e d
w o r k e r s in f a b r i c a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l p l a n t s a v e r a g e d
$ 3 . 1 3 a n h o u r in O c t o b e r 1 9 6 9 . O v e r n i n e - t e n t h s o f
t h e 6 4 , 5 5 7 w o r k e r s ( v ir t u a l ly a ll m e n ) c o v e r e d b y t h e
B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tics s u r v e y 1 e a r n e d b e tw e e n
$ 2 a n d $ 4 .5 0 a n h o u r ; th e m id d le h a lf o f th e
w o r k e r s in t h e a r r a y h a d e a r n in g s f r o m $ 2 . 6 9 t o
$ 3 .5 9 .
T h e in d u s t r y e m p l o y s w o r k e r s in a w i d e r a n g e o f
s k ills f r o m g e n e r a l la b o r e r s t o s u c h h i g h l y t r a in e d
c r a f t s m e n a s w e l d e r s a n d m e c h a n i c s , t o f a b r ic a t e
m e ta l p a rts fo r b r id g e s , b u ild in g s , s h ip s , a n d o t h e r
s t r u c t u r e s . T h e d i s p e r s io n o f in d i v id u a l p a y r a t e s
a l s o r e f l e c t s d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y a m o n g p l a n t s s c a t t e r e d
th r o u g h o u t th e N a tio n .
W o r k e r s in t h e G r e a t L a k e s a n d M i d d l e A t l a n t i c
S t a t e s , t h e t w o la r g e s t r e g io n s in t e r m s o f in d u s t r y
e m p l o y m e n t , a v e r a g e d $ 3 .3 1 a n d $ 3 . 5 4 a n h o u r , r e
s p e c t i v e l y . A v e r a g e s in o t h e r r e g i o n s o f t h e N a t i o n
r a n g e d f r o m le s s t h a n $ 3 in t h e S o u t h e a s t , S o u t h
w e s t , a n d B o r d e r S t a t e s t o a h ig h o f $ 3 . 9 6 in t h e
P a c i f i c . V a r i a t i o n s in e a r n in g s le v e ls w e r e a l s o f o u n d
a m o n g m a jo r c e n te r s o f in d u s tr y c o n c e n t r a t io n .2
A m o n g th e jo b s s e le c t e d f o r s e p a ra te s t u d y , a v er
a g e h o u r l y e a r n in g s r a n g e d f r o m $ 2 .0 1 f o r w a t c h m e n
t o $ 3 .7 0 fo r t e m p la te m a k e r s . H a n d w e ld e r s , o n e o f
th e m o s t im p o r t a n t jo b s n u m e r ic a lly , a v e ra g e d $ 3 .4 2
f o r c la s s A w o r k ( w e l d i n g m e t a l p a r t s in a n y p o s i
t i o n ) a n d $ 3 . 0 3 f o r t h e le s s d e m a n d i n g c la s s B w o r k
( w e l d i n g p a r t s p l a c e d in a fl a t o r h o r i z o n t a l p o s i
t i o n ) . R i v e t e r s — o n c e a n i m p o r t a n t j o b in t h e in
d u s t r y — w e r e f o u n d i n f r e q u e n t l y in t h e s u r v e y .
P a id h o lid a y s a n d p a id v a c a t io n s w e r e p r o v id e d b y
a l m o s t a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s in t h e s u r v e y . T h e la r g e
m a jo r ity o f th e w o r k e r s r e c e iv e d fr o m 6 t o 9 h o li
d a y s a y e a r a n d 1 w e e k o f v a c a t io n p a y a fte r 1 y e a r
o f s e r v ic e , 2 w e e k s a f t e r 3 y e a r s , a n d 3 w e e k s a f t e r
1 5 y e a r s . L i f e , h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , m e d i c a l , a n d s u r g ic a l
in s u r a n c e p l a n s , u s u a l ly f i n a n c e d e n t i r e l y b y t h e e m
p l o y e r , c o v e r e d m o r e t h a n n in e - t e n t h s o f t h e w o r k e r s .
P e n s i o n p l a n s , o t h e r t h a n F e d e r a l s o c ia l s e c u r i t y ,
w e r e p r o v id e d t o a b o u t t h r e e -fo u r th s o f th e w o r k e r s .
W e ld in g w a s th e u su a l s te e l jo in in g p r o c e s s u s e d
in t h e i n d u s t r y . E s t a b l is h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g s li g h t ly
m o r e t h a n n in e - t e n t h s o f t h e w o r k e r s in t h e B L S s u r
v e y u s e d w e l d i n g t e c h n i q u e s m a i n ly o r e x c l u s i v e l y .
I n m o s t o f t h e r e m a in in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s , b o l t i n g w a s
th e m o s t im p o r t a n t jo in in g p r o c e s s . R iv e tin g — o n c e
an im p o r t a n t m e t h o d o f jo in in g m e ta l p a r ts — h a s
b e e n la r g e ly r e p l a c e d b y w e l d i n g a n d b o l t i n g .
L o c a t io n .
A b o u t 4 5 p e rc e n t o f th e p r o d u c t io n
w o r k e r s in t h e s u r v e y w e r e in t h e M i d d l e A t l a n t i c
a n d G r e a t L a k e s r e g i o n s , t h e t w o la r g e s t i n e m p l o y
m e n t. T h e S o u th e a s t a n d th e S o u th w e s t, e a ch w ith
a b o u t 1 0 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s , t o g e t h e r a c c o u n t e d fo r
See appendix A for scope and method o f survey.
Earnings data in this buUetin exclude premium pay for over
time and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
For definition o f regions, see footnote 1, appendix A
table. For definition o f areas, see footnote 1, tables 7
through 13.
3 See Industry Wage Survey: Fabricated Structural Steel,
OctoberNovember 1964 (B L S Bulletin 1463, 1965).
Employees o f establishments in the study who were
working at construction sites at the time o f the survey
(about 6,000 in 1969) were not included in the production
worker totals in either 1964 or 1969.
4 U .S. Department o f Commerce, Bureau o f the Census,
1967 Census of Manufactures, Fabricated Structural Steel,
Series MC 67 (P)— 34C-1.
1
o c c u p a t io n . I n fo r m a l p la n s , w h e r e w a g e s w e r e d e te r
m i n e d p r i m a r ily a c c o r d i n g t o t h e i n d i v i d u a l ’ s q u a l i f i
c a t io n s , a p p lie d t o o n e -e ig h t h o f th e p r o d u c t io n
w o r k e r s . I n c e n t i v e p a y m e n t p la n s w e r e m o s t p r e v a
le n t in t h e M i d d l e A t l a n t i c r e g i o n , w h e r e t h e y a p
p lie d t o o n e -fift h o f th e w o r k fo r c e .
a n o t h e r 3 0 p e r c e n t o f t h e t o t a l . N o n e o f t h e fiv e
r e m a in in g r e g io n s e m p l o y e d a s m u c h a s 1 0 p e r c e n t o f
th e w o rk e rs.
S in c e t h e B u r e a u ’ s 1 9 6 4 s t u d y , p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r
e m p l o y m e n t i n c r e a s e d f r o m 2 0 t o 3 0 p e r c e n t in t h e
M id d le W e s t, P a c ific , M id d le A t la n t ic , S o u t h e a s t , a n d
S o u t h w e s t , a n d 1 5 p e r c e n t in t h e M o u n t a i n r e g i o n .
I n t h e r e m a in in g r e g i o n s , in c r e a s e s a m o u n t e d t o 1 0
p e r c e n t o r le s s .
A v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n in g s
I n b o t h t h e 1 9 6 4 a n d 1 9 6 9 s t u d ie s , a b o u t s e v e n e ig h t h s o f t h e w o r k e r s w e r e in m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s .
T h e p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s in s u c h a r e a s in 1 9 6 9
r a n g e d f r o m a b o u t s e v e n - t e n t h s in t h e S o u t h w e s t ,
B o r d e r S ta te s , a n d M id d le W e st t o 9 5 p e r c e n t o r
m o r e in t h e P a c i f i c a n d N e w E n g la n d r e g io n s .
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s iz e .
A b o u t o n e -th ird o f th e p r o
d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in t h e s t u d y w e r e in e s t a b lis h m e n t s
e m p l o y i n g 2 0 t o 9 9 w o r k e r s , a n d o n e - f o u r t h w e r e in
th o s e e m p lo y in g 1 0 0 t o 2 4 9 w o r k e r s . T h e p r o p o r
t i o n s o f w o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w i t h 2 5 0 w o r k e r s
o r m o r e r a n g e d f r o m a b o u t o n e - h a l f in t h e M id d le
A t la n t ic , S o u t h w e s t, a n d G r e a t L a k e s t o a b o u t o n e s i x t h in t h e N e w E n g la n d a n d M o u n t a i n r e g io n s .
S t r a ig h t - t i m e e a r n in g s o f t h e 6 4 , 5 5 7 p r o d u c t i o n
a n d r e la t e d w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y t h e s t u d y , a v e r a g e d
$ 3 . 1 3 a n h o u r in O c t o b e r 1 9 6 9 . 5 ( S e e t a b l e 1 . )
T h is a v era g e w a s 2 5 p e r c e n t a b o v e th e le v e l o f $ 2 .5 0
r e c o r d e d in O c t o b e r - N o v e m b e r 1 9 6 4 . I n c r e a s e s in
r e g io n a l a v e r a g e s b e t w e e n t h e 1 9 6 4 a n d 1 9 6 9 s u r v e y s
a m o u n t e d t o 3 0 p e r c e n t in N e w E n g la n d a n d t h e
S o u t h e a s t a n d r a n g e d f r o m 2 2 t o 2 8 p e r c e n t e ls e
w h e r e , e x c e p t in t h e M o u n t a i n S t a t e s , w h e r e t h e i n
crease w as 16 p e rce n t.
R e g i o n a l l y , e a r n in g s in O c t o b e r 1 9 6 9 a v e r a g e d
b e l o w $ 3 a n h o u r in t h e S o u t h e a s t ( $ 2 . 5 1 ) , t h e S o u t h
w e s t ( $ 2 . 6 7 ) , a n d t h e B o r d e r S t a t e s ( $ 2 . 6 8 ) . H ig h e s t
a v e r a g e e a r n in g s w e r e r e c o r d e d in t h e P a c i f i c r e g io n
( $ 3 . 9 6 ) . W o r k e r s in t h e M i d d l e A t l a n t i c a n d t h e
G r e a t L a k e s r e g io n s , t h e t w o la r g e s t in e m p l o y m e n t ,
a v e ra g e d $ 3 .5 4 a n d $ 3 .3 1 , r e s p e c tiv e ly .
U n io n
c o n t r a c t c o v e ra g e .
E s t a b l is h m e n t s w i t h
c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a i n in g a g r e e m e n t s c o v e r i n g a m a jo r i t y
o f th e ir p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d a b o u t th re e fo u r th s o f th e in d u s tr y ’ s w o r k fo r c e . R e g io n a lly , th e
p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s in s u c h e s t a b lis h m e n t s v a r ie d
f r o m a b o u t t w o - f i f t h s in t h e S o u t h e a s t a n d S o u t h
w e s t t o m o r e t h a n n in e - t e n t h s in t h e G r e a t L a k e s ,
M i d d l e A t l a n t i c , a n d P a c i f i c r e g io n s . E s t a b l is h m e n t s
w i t h c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a i n in g a g r e e m e n t s a c c o u n t e d f o r a
g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f t h e w o r k e r s in m e t r o p o l i t a n
a r e a s t h a n in s m a lle r c o m m u n i t i e s , t h r e e - f o u r t h s a n d
a p p r o x i m a t e l y h a l f , r e s p e c t i v e l y . T h e y a ls o a c
c o u n t e d f o r a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n in e s t a b lis h m e n t s
w i t h 1 0 0 w o r k e r s o r m o r e t h a n in s m a lle r e s t a b lis h
m e n ts , t h r e e -fo u r th s a n d tw o -th ir d s . T h e In te r n a
t i o n a l A s s o c i a t i o n o f B r id g e , S t r u c t u r a l a n d O r n a m e n
ta l I r o n W o r k e r s a n d t h e U n it e d S te e l W o r k e r s o f
A m e r i c a w e r e t h e m a j o r u n i o n s in t h e i n d u s t r y .
A b o u t o n e -fift h o f th e in d u s tr y ’ s p r o d u c t io n
w o r k e r s w e r e in t h e s e v e n m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s f o r
w h i c h e a r n in g s d a t a a r e p r e s e n t e d in t a b l e s 7 - 1 3 .
5
The straight-time average hourly earnings in this bulle
tin differ in concept from the gross average hourly earnings
published in the Bureau’s monthly hours and earnings series
($3.41 in October 1969). Unlike the latter, the estimates
presented here exclude premium pay for overtime and for
work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Average earn
ings were calculated by summing individual hourly earnings
and dividing by the number o f individuals; in the monthly
series, the sum o f the man-hour totals reported by establish
ments in the industry was divided into the reported payroll
totals.
The estimate o f the number o f production workers within
scope o f the study is intended only as a general guide to the
size and composition o f the labor force included in the sur
vey. It differs from the number published in the monthly
series (84,500 in October 1969) by the exclusion o f establish
ments employing fewer than 20 workers, and by the fact
that the advance planning necessary to make the survey
requires the use o f lists o f establishments assembled con
siderably in advance o f data collection. Thus, establishments
new to the industry are om itted, as are establishments ori
ginally classified in the fabricated structural steel industry
but found to be in other industries at the time o f the survey.
Also omitted are establishments fabricating structural steel
products, but classified incorrectly in other industries at the
time the lists were compiled.
T h e p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s in u n i o n e s t a b lis h
m e n t s e x c e e d e d n in e - t e n t h s in 6 o f t h e 7 a r e a s o f i n
d u s t r y c o n c e n t r a t i o n s t u d i e d s e p a r a t e ly . T h e e x c e p
t io n w a s H o u s t o n , w h e r e o n ly a b o u t o n e -th ir d o f th e
w o r k f o r c e w a s in s u c h e s t a b lis h m e n t s .
M e t h o d
o f w a g e
p a y m e n t .
A b o u t n in e -te n th s o f
t h e p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s w e r e p a i d o n a t im e - r a t e d
b a s is , u s u a l ly u n d e r f o r m a l p la n s t h a t p r o v i d e d a
s in g le r a t e f o r a s p e c i f i c o c c u p a t i o n . ( S e e t a b l e 1 4 . )
A b o u t o n e -fift h o f t h e w o r k e r s w e r e p a id u n d e r f o r
m a l p la n s t h a t p r o v i d e d a r a n g e o f r a t e s f o r e a c h
2
r a n g e d f r o m S '? .0 1 f o r w a t c h m e n t o $ 3 . 7 0 f o r t e m p l a t e
m a k e r s . C la s s A h a n d w e l d e r s ( t h o s e q u a l i f i e d t o w e l d
j o i n t s p l a c e d m a n y p o s i t i o n ) , n u m e r i c a l l y t h e la r g e s t
o c c u p a t io n s ^ d i e d , a v e ra g e d $ 3 .4 2 a n h o u r .
A v e r a g e e a r n in g s i n t h e s e a r e a s r a n g e d f r o m $ 2 . 5 9 in
H o u s t o n t o $ 4 . 1 8 in N e w Y o r k — N o r t h e a s t e r n N e w
Jersey .
N a t io n a l a v e r a g e s w e r e h ig h e r in m e t r o p o l i t a n t h a n
in n o n m e t r o p o lit a n a rea s, $ 3 .1 7 c o m p a r e d w ith $ 2 .9 3 .
T h e y w e r e h ig h e r in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w i t h l a b o r - m a n
a g e m e n t a g re e m e n ts c o v e r in g a m a jo r it y o f p r o d u c
t i o n w o r k e r s t h a n in t h o s e w i t h o u t s u c h c o v e r a g e ,
$ 3 . 3 2 a n d $ 2 . 6 3 . T h i s la t t e r d i f f e r e n c e is in p a r t a
r e f l e c t i o n o f d i f f e r e n c e s in l o c a t i o n . A l m o s t t h r e e f o u r t h s o f t h e w o r k e r s in n o n u n i o n p l a n t s w e r e in
t h e S o u t h e a s t a n d S o u t h w e s t , w h e r e a v e r a g e e a r n in g s
w e r e lo w e s t , b u t o n ly a b o u t o n e -s ix th o f th e w o r k e r s
in u n i o n e s t a b lis h m e n t s w e r e in t h e s e r e g io n s .
A v e ra g e s fo r o th e r jo b s w ith m o r e th a n 2 ,0 0 0
w o r k e r s i n c l u d e d $ 3 .6 1 f o r g e n e r a l m e c h a n i c s , $ 3 .5 1 f o r
s tru c tu r a l fitte r s , $ 3 .4 9 f o r m a c h in e w e ld e r s (a r c o r g a s ),
a n d $ 3 .1 1 f o r c r a n e o p e r a t o r s .
M o r e t h a n n in e - t e n t h s o f t h e w o r k e r s in m o s t o f t h e
o c c u p a t io n s w e r e p a id t im e ra te s. E x c e p t io n s a m o n g
n u m e r ic a lly im p o r t a n t o c c u p a t io n s in c lu d e d fla m e
c u ttin g -m a c h in e o p e r a to r s , o n e -e ig h t h o f w h o m w e r e
p a id i n c e n t i v e r a t e s , a n d t a c k w e l d e r s , o n e - s i x t h o f
w h o m w e r e i n c e n t i v e p a id .
W h e re c o m p a r is o n s w e r e p o s s ib le , o c c u p a t io n a l
a v e r a g e s w e r e u s u a l ly h ig h e s t in t h e P a c i f i c r e g i o n a n d
l o w e s t in t h e S o u t h e a s t . A s i n d i c a t e d in t h e t a b u la
t i o n b e l o w , w h i c h s h o w s r e g io n a l a v e r a g e s a s a p e r c e n t
o f t h o s e in t h e S o u t h e a s t , t h e in t e r r e g io n a l s p r e a d w a s
le s s f o r s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l l a y o u t m e n a n d c la s s A h a n d
w e l d e r s ( t w o r e la t i v e ly s k i lle d j o b s ) t h a n f o r g e n e r a l
h e lp e r s :
N a t i o n w i d e r e la t i o n s h ip s in a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n in g s
b y s e l e c t e d c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s d i d n o t a l w a y s h o l d r e g io n
a l l y . F o r e x a m p l e , w o r k e r s in n o n m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s
in t h e S o u t h w e s t a v e r a g e d 4 5 c e n t s m o r e t h a n t h o s e
in la r g e r c o m m u n i t i e s , $ 2 . 9 9 c o m p a r e d w i t h $ 2 . 5 4 .
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s w i t h 2 0 - 9 9 w o r k e r s a v e r
a g e d m o r e t h a n t h o s e in la r g e r e s t a b lis h m e n t s in N e w
E n g la n d , t h e M i d d l e A t l a n t i c , t h e B o r d e r S t a t e s , a n d
t h e P a c i f i c r e g io n s . I n t h e r e m a in in g r e g i o n s , t h e r e
verse w a s tru e .
B e c a u s e o f t h e in t e r r e l a t io n s h i p o f f a c t o r s s u c h a s
c o m m u n i t y s iz e , e s t a b lis h m e n t s i z e , a n d u n i o n c o n
t r a c t c o v e r a g e , t h e e x a c t i n f l u e n c e o n e a r n in g s o f a n y
p a r t i c u la r f a c t o r c o u l d n o t b e d e t e r m i n e d in a s t u d y
s u c h a s t h is . E x a m p l e s o f t h e s e in t e r r e l a t io n s h i p s a r e
p o i n t e d o u t in t h e d i s c u s s i o n o n i n d u s t r y c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s .
Region
P a c if ic ...................
Middle Atlantic . .
New England . . .
Great Lakes
. . .
Mountain .............
Border States . . .
Middle West . . . .
Southwest
. . . .
Southeast .............
A b o u t n in e - t e n t h s o f t h e w o r k e r s in t h e s u r v e y
e a rn e d b e tw e e n $ 2 a n d $ 4 .5 0 a n h o u r . T h e m id d le
r a n g e o f p a y w a s f r o m $ 2 . 6 9 t o $ 3 . 5 9 . T h e la r g e
r e g io n a l v a r i a t io n s in t h e a v e r a g e s d e s c r i b e d a b o v e
w e r e a l s o r e f l e c t e d in e a r n in g s d i s t r i b u t i o n s . F o r e x
a m p l e , v i r t u a ll y a ll w o r k e r s in t h e P a c i f i c a n d M id d le
A t la n t ic e a r n e d $ 2 .5 0 a n h o u r o r m o r e — a m a r k e d
c o n tra s t t o th e S o u th e a st a n d S o u th w e s t, w h e re tw o f i f t h s e a r n e d le s s t h a n $ 2 . 5 0 . A b o u t 5 0 p e r c e n t o f
t h e w o r k e r s in t h e P a c i f i c e a r n e d a t le a s t $ 4 a n h o u r ,
w h e r e a s o n l y a b o u t 1 p e r c e n t o f t h o s e in t h e B o r d e r
S ta te s, S o u t h e a s t , S o u t h w e s t, a n d M id d le W e s t e a rn e d
t h is a m o u n t .
146
136
124
122
111
113
109
101
100
Class A
hand
welders
142
131
126
123
114
101
113
114
100
General
helpers
164
157
151
139
133
109
117
104
100
N a t io n w id e , w h e r e c o m p a r is o n s w e r e p o s s ib le ,
o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e s w e r e u s u a l ly h ig h e r i n m e t r o
p o l i t a n a r e a s t h a n in s m a lle r c o m m u n i t i e s , h ig h e r in
e s t a b lis h m e n t s w i t h 1 0 0 w o r k e r s o r m o r e t h a n in s m a lle r
e s t a b lis h m e n t s , a n d h ig h e r in u n i o n t h a n in n o n u n i o n
e s t a b lis h m e n t s . ( S e e t a b l e s 4 , 5 , a n d 6 . ) T h e n a t i o n w i d e
r e la t i o n s h ip s , h o w e v e r , d i d n o t h o l d in a ll r e g io n s .
O c c u p a t io n a l a v e ra g e s a ls o d iffe r e d w id e ly a m o n g
th e se v e n s e le c te d area s o f in d u s tr y c o n c e n t r a t io n
s t u d i e d s e p a r a t e ly .. ( S e e t a b l e s 7 - 1 3 . ) F o r m o s t j o b s ,
a v e r a g e s w e r e h ig h e s t in N e w Y o r k — N o r t h e a s t e r n N e w
J e r s e y a n d l o w e s t in H o u s t o n . D e s p i t e t h e p r e v a le n c e
o f t i m e r a t e s in t h e i n d u s t r y , h o u r l y e a r n in g s o f t h e
h ig h e s t p a i d w o r k e r s in a g iv e n o c c u p a t i o n a n d a r e a
c o m m o n ly e x c e e d e d t h o s e o f th e lo w e s t p a id b y 8 0
c e n t s a n h o u r o r m o r e . E x c e p t io n s w e r e C le v e la n d a n d
B ir m in g h a m , w h e r e t h e s p r e a d in h o u r l y e a r n in g s in t h e
s a m e o c c u p a t i o n g e n e r a l ly a m o u n t e d t o s u b s t a n t ia lly
le s s t h a n 8 0 c e n t s .
O c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s
W o r k e r s in t h e p l a n t o c c u p a t i o n s f o r w h i c h e a r n in g s
d a t a a r e p r e s e n t e d in t a b l e 3 a c c o u n t e d f o r a l m o s t t w o t h i r d s o f t h e p r o d u c t i o n a n d r e l a t e d w o r k e r s in t h e in
d u s t r y .6 T h e o c c u p a t io n s w e r e c h o s e n t o r e p r e s e n t th e
v a r i o u s t y p e s o f a c t iv i t i e s p e r f o r m e d b y p r o d u c t i o n
w o r k e r s in t h e i n d u s t r y . N a t i o n a l a v e r a g e s f o r t h e s e j o b s
Structural
steel
layout men
6
Earnings information also was obtained for five office
clerical jobs and is presented in table 3.
3
1 y e a r a n d 3 w e e k s a fte r 1 0 y e a r s . P r o v is io n s fo r a t
le a s t 4 w e e k s ’ v a c a t i o n p a y a f t e r 2 0 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e
w e r e a ls o c o m m o n .
H e a lt h ,
in s u ra n c e , a n d
r e t ir e m e n t p la n s .
L ife ,
h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , s u r g ic a l, a n d m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e ,
f i n a n c e d a t le a s t p a r t l y b y t h e e m p l o y e r , w e r e p r o
v i d e d b y e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g m o r e t h a n n in e te n th s o f th e p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s . A c c id e n t a l d e a th
a n d d i s m e m b e r m e n t in s u r a n c e w e r e a v a ila b le t o a b o u t
s e v e n -t e n t h s o f t h e w o r k e r s ; s ic k n e s s a n a a c c i d e n t
in s u r a n c e t o e i g h t - t e n t h s ; a n d m a j o r m e d i c a l in s u r a n c e
t o a l m o s t s ix - t e n t h s .
T y p ic a lly , th e p r o p o r tio n o f w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y
l i f e , h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , s u r g ic a l, a n d m e d i c a l in s u r a n c e
v a r ie d li t t l e b y r e g i o n . F o r o t h e r p l a n s , h o w e v e r ,
w i d e r e g i o n a l v a r i a t io n s w e r e n o t e d . F o r e x a m p l e ,
th e p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g m a jo r m e d ic a l
in s u r a n c e v a r i e d f r o m a b o u t o n e - f o u r t h in t h e G r e a t
L a k e s t o n in e - t e n t h s in t h e P a c i f i c a n d M o u n t a i n
E s t a b l is h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a n d s u p p l e m e n t a r y
w a g e p r o v is io n s
I n f o r m a t i o n w a s o b t a i n e d a l s o o n s h i ft d i f f e r e n t i a l
p r o v is io n s a n d p r a c t ic e s f o r p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s .
D a ta o n w o r k s c h e d u le s a n d s e le c t e d s u p p le m e n ta r y
b e n e f i t s , i n c l u d i n g p a i d h o l i d a y s , p a id v a c a t i o n s , a n d
h e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e t ir e m e n t p l a n s w e r e o b t a i n e d
fo r b o t h p r o d u c t io n a n d o ffic e w o rk e rs .
S c h e d u le d
w e e k ly
h o u r s
a n d
s h if t p ra c tic e s .
W ork
s c h e d u l e s o f 4 0 h o u r s a w e e k w e r e in e f f e c t in e s t a b lis h
m e n ts e m p lo y in g th r e e -fo u rth s o f th e p r o d u c t io n
w o r k e r s . (S e e ta b le 1 5 .) T h e 4 0 -h o u r s c h e d u le a p
p l i e d t o t h r e e - f i f t h s o r m o r e o f t h e w o r k f o r c e in a ll
r e g io n s e x c e p t t h e S o u t h w e s t , w h e r e a m a j o r i t y w e r e
s c h e d u le d t o w o r k fr o m 4 5 t o 5 0 h o u r s . F o r ty -h o u r
s c h e d u l e s a l s o a p p l i e d t o n in e - t e n t h s o f t h e o f f i c e
w o r k e r s in t h e s t u d y .
E s t a b l is h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g f o u r - f i f t h s o f t h e p r o d u c
t i o n w o r k f o r c e h a d p r o v i s i o n s f o r la t e - s h i f t o p e r a
t i o n s . ( S e e t a b l e 1 6 . ) A t t h e t im e o f t h e s u r v e y ,
a b o u t o n e -s ix th o f th e w o r k e r s w e r e a c tu a lly w o r k in g
o n a s e c o n d s h ift. (S e e ta b le 1 7 .) T h e p r o p o r t io n s
o n s e c o n d s h i f t s w e r e 5 p e r c e n t in N e w E n g la n d , 8
p e r c e n t in t h e B o r d e r S t a t e s , a n d f r o m 1 2 p e r c e n t t o
1 9 p e r c e n t e l s e w h e r e . M o r e t h a n n in e - t e n t h s o f t h e
s e c o n d s h ift w o r k e r s r e c e iv e d a d iffe r e n t ia l o v e r d a y
ra tes, m o s t c o m m o n ly 8 o r 1 0 c e n ts an h o u r . T h ir d
o r o t h e r la t e s h i f t s a c c o u n t e d f o r o n l y a b o u t 2 p e r
c e n t o f th e w o r k fo r c e at th e tim e o f th e s u r v e y .
P a id
h o lid a y s .
V i r t u a l l y a ll p r o d u c u o n w o r x e r s
w e r e in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g p a id h o l i d a y s . ( S e e
ta b le 1 8 .) T h e n u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s g iv e n a n
n u a l l y , h o w e v e r , v a r i e d a m o n g a n d w i t h i n r e g io n s .
N i n e - t e n t h s o f t h e w o r k e r s in N e w E n g la n d , f o r e x
a m p le , w e r e g r a n te d 9 o r 1 0 d a y s a y e a r . I n th e
S o u t h e a s t , o n t h e o t h e r h a n d , a b o u t n in e -te n th s o f
t h e w o r k e r s r e c e i v e d 5 t o 8 p a id h o l i d a y s . H o l i
d a y p r o v i s i o n s f o r o f f i c e e m p l o y e e s w e r e g e n e r a l ly
s im ila r t o t h o s e f o r p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s .
P a id
v a c a t io n s . 1
P a id v a c a t i o n s , a l t e r q u a l i f y i n g
p e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e , w e r e p r o v i d e d b y e s t a b lis h m e n t s
e m p l o y i n g a l m o s t a ll o f t h e p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in
th e in d u s tr y . (S e e ta b le 1 9 .) T y p ic a l p r o v is io n s
w e r e 1 w e e k o f v a c a t i o n p a y a f t e r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e ,
2 w e e k s a fte r 3 y e a rs , a n d 3 w e e k s a fte r 1 0 y ea rs.
A b o u t h a l f t h e w o r k e r s , h o w e v e r , w e r e in e s t a b lis h
m e n t s g r a n t in g 4 w e e k s ’ o r m o r e v a c a t i o n p a y a f t e r
2 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e . V a c a t i o n p r o v i s i o n s w e r e g e n e r
a l l y m o r e li b e r a l in t h e P a c i f i c , M i d d l e A t l a n t i c , a n d
G r e a t L a k e s r e g io n s th a n e ls e w h e r e . O f fic e w o r k e r s
in t h e in d u s t r y w e r e t y p i c a l l y p r o v i d e d 2 w e e k s a f t e r
r e g io n s .
R e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n p la n s , u s u a l ly e n t i r e l y e m
p l o y e r - f i n a n c e d , w e r e a v a ila b le t o a b o u t t h r e e - f o u r t h s
o f th e w o r k e r s , n a t io n w id e . R e g io n a lly , t h e p r o p o r
t i o n s v a r i e d f r o m t w o - f i f t h s in t h e M o u n t a i n r e g io n
a n d a b o u t h a l f in t h e B o r d e r S t a t e s a n d S o u t h e a s t t o
n in e - t e n t h s o r m o r e in t h e M i d d l e A t l a n t i c a n d P a c i
f i c r e g io n s .
T h e p r o p o r tio n s o f o f f ic e w o r k e r s p r o v id e d th e
v a r i o u s h e a l t h , in s u r a n c e , a n d r e t ir e m e n t b e n e f i t s
w e r e u s u a l ly s im ila r t o t h o s e a m o n g p r o d u c t i o n
w o r k e r s . A n e x c e p t i o n w a s p a id s i c k l e a v e , w h i c h
w a s a v a ila b le t o a b o u t t w o - f i f t h s o f o f f i c e e m p l o y e e s
b u t t o s li g h t ly le s s t h a n o n e - t e n t h o f p r o d u c t i o n
w ork ers.
O t h e r s e le c te d
b e n e fits .
P r o v is io n s f o r ju r y -d u t y
p a y w e r e r e p o r t e d in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g a b o u t
t h r e e -fifth s o f t h e in d u s tr y ’ s p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s , a n d
p r o v i s i o n s f o r f u n e r a l le a v e p a y in t h o s e e m p l o y i n g
t w o - f i f t h s . E s t a b l is h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g a b o u t o n e - s i x t h
o f th e w o r k fo r c e p r o v id e d te c h n o lo g ic a l sev era n ce
p a y (p a y m e n t s t o w o r k e r s s e p a r a te d d u e t o th e u se
o f n e w e q u i p m e n t o r d e p a r t m e n t o r u n it c l o s i n g ) . A
s im ila r p r o p o r t i o n o f p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s w e r e in
e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g s u p p l e m e n t a l u n e m p l o y m e n t
b e n e fit s . O n ly a b o u t 2 p e r c e n t o f th e w o r k e r s w e r e
c o v e r e d b y p r o v is io n s fo r p e r io d ic c o s t -o f-liv in g
a d ju s t m e n t s .
7
Includes basic plans only. Plans such as vacationsavings and those which offer “ extended” or “ sabbatical”
benefits beyond basic plans to workers with qualifying
lengths o f service are excluded.
4
P r e v a le n c e o f m o s t o f t h e s e b e n e fit s d iffe r e d
w id e ly b y r e g io n .
N a t io n a lly , o f f ic e w o r k e r s w e r e c o v e r e d b y ju r y d u ty p a y a n d te c h n o lo g ic a l se v e ra n ce p a y t o a b o u t
th e sam e e x te n t as w e re p r o d u c tio n w o rk e rs .
F u n e r a l le a v e p a y , h o w e v e r , w a s a v a ila b le t o a la r g e r
p r o p o r tio n o f o ffic e w o rk e rs th a n p r o d u c tio n
w o r k e r s , th r e e -fifth s c o m p a r e d w ith t w o -fift h s .
F u n e r a l le a v e p a y p r o v i s i o n s , f o r
e x a m p l e , c o v e r e d m o r e t h a n n in e - t e n t h s o f t h e
w o r k e r s in N e w E n g la n d b u t o n l y a b o u t o n e - s i x t h <?f
t h o s e in t h e S o u t h w e s t .
5
Table 1.
Average hourly earnings:
By selected characteristics
(N u m b er and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 1 o f n rod u ction w o r k e r s in fa b r ic a t e d str u c tu r a l s te e l e s ta b lis h m e n ts b y s e le c t e d c h a r a c t e r is t i c s ,
U n ited Sta tes and r e g io n s , O c t o b e r 1969)
United
States
Num
A ver
ber
age
of
h o u r ly
w ork
ea rn
in gs
ers
New
— is ia a r :—
England
A tla n tic
N um
Num
A ver
A ver
ber
ber
age
a ge
h ou rly
of
h o u r ly
of
w ork
ea rn w ork
ea rn
in gs
ers
in gs
ers
B order
State s
Num
A ver
ber
age
of
h o u r ly
w ork
ea rn
ers
in gs
South
e a st
Num
A v er
ber
age
of
h o u r ly
w ork
ea rn
ers
in gs
S outhw e st
A ver
Num
ber
a ge
of
h o u r ly
w ork
ea rn
ers
in g s
6 4 ,5 5 7
$ 3 . 13
1 ,6 4 7
$ 3 . 34
1 4 ,5 4 3
$ 3 . 54
2 ,9 4 1
$ 2 . 68
9 ,8 1 2
$ 2 . 51
1 0 ,3 2 9
S iz e o f c o m m u n ity :
M e tr o p o lita n a r e a s s
N o n m e tr o p o lita n a r e a s _____________
5 4 ,5 7 6
9 ,9 8 1
3. 17
2 .9 3
1 ,5 6 5
3. 35
13,2 81
3. 55
2, 097
2. 62
7 ,4 5 7
2 ,3 5 5
2 .4 8
2 .6 1
S iz e o f e s ta b lis h m e n t:
2 0 -9 9 w o r k e r s ______________________
100 w o r k e r s o r m o r e ______
2 0 ,5 6 0
4 3 ,9 9 7
3. 12
3. 14
3 .2 0
4, 571
9, 972
3 .6 1
3. 51
-
760
1 ,9 3 9
3 ,2 7 6
6 , 536
2 .4 4
2. 55
4 7 ,5 2 9
3. 32
1 ,2 6 2
3 .4 1
1 4 ,1 8 4
3. 55
3 ,6 9 8
1 7 ,0 2 8
2 .6 3
6 ,1 1 4
Item
A l l p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s 2-------------
L a b o r -m a n a g e m e n t c o n t r a c t s :
E s ta b lish m e n ts w ith—
M a jo r it y o f w o r k e r s c o v e r e d ___
N one o r m in o r it y o f w o r k e r s
c o v e r e d ________________________ _
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2. 62
-
f i r eat
L akes
A v er
Num
ber
a ge
h o u r ly
of
w ork
ea rn
ers
in gs
M id d le
W est
A ver
Num
age
ber
h o u r ly
of
ea rn
w ork
in gs
ers
Num
ber
of
w ork
ers
A ver
age
h o u r ly
ea rn
in g s
Num
ber
of
w ork
ers
A ver
a ge
h o u r ly
gam
in g s
$ 2 -6 7
1 3 ,4 41
$ 3 . 31
4 , 745
$ 3 .0 0
2 ,0 8 0
$ 3 . 15
5 ,0 1 9
$ 3 . 96
7 ,3 5 9
2 ,9 7 0
2. 54
2 .9 9
1 2 ,5 4 7
3. 35
3 ,4 6 3
3 .0 5
1 ,9 2 8
3. 15
4 ,8 7 9
3 .9 6
2 ,6 7 9
7 ,6 5 0
2. 39
2 .7 7
3 ,8 2 3
9 ,6 1 8
3. 25
3. 34
3 ,4 8 8
3. 04
1 ,0 8 0
3. 17
2 ,0 6 5
2 ,9 5 4
4 .0 1
3 .9 3
2 .7 1
4 ,0 4 0
2. 71
1 2 ,4 1 6
3. 35
3 ,4 7 3
2. 96
1 ,7 5 5
3. 17
4 ,8 7 5
3 .9 9
2. 39
6 ,2 8 9
2. 64
-
1 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and late sh ifts .
2 V ir tu a lly a ll o f the w o r k e r s w e r e m en .
3 Sta n da rd M e tr o p o lita n S t a tis t ic a l A r e a s as d efin ed by the U. S. O ffice o f M a n a gem en t and B ud get th rou g h J an u a ry 1968.
NOTE:
D a sh es in d ic a te no data r e p o r t e d o r data that do not m e e t p u b lica tion c r it e r ia .
*
-
-
-
-
M ountain
-
-
-
*
P a c ifi c
-
-
Table 2.
Earnings distribution:
All establishments
(P e r c e n t d is tr ib u tio n o f p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s te e l e s ta b lis h m e n ts b y a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , 1
U n ited S ta tes and r e g io n s , O cto b e r 1969)
U nited
States
A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 1
N ew
E ngland
U n der
$ 1 .6 0
S 1. 70
S 1. 80
S 1. 90
$ 1.
and
and
and
and
60
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
S i . 70
S 1. 80_______________________
$ 1 .9 0 ___ __ _
_____
$ 2 .0 0
0 .8
1 .8
1. 7
1. 5
0. 4
.
. 2
$ 2 .0 0
$ 2 . 10
$ 2 . 20
$ 2 . 30
$ 2 . 40
and
and
and
and
and
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
$ 2 . 10_______________________
$ 2 . 20_______________________
$ 2 . 30
. _
$ 2 . 4 0 _____ __ _ _____ _
$ 2 . 50_______________________
$2.
$2.
$2.
$2.
$2.
50
60
70
ftO
90
and
and
and
and
and
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
$3.
$3.
$3.
$3.
$3.
00
10
20
30
40
and
and
and
and
and
$ 3 . 50
$ 3 . 60
$ 3 .7 0
$ 3 . 80
$ 3 .9 0
$ 4 .0 0
$ 4 . 10
$ 4 . 20
$ 4 . 30
$ 4 . 40
M id d le
A tla n tic
B order
Sta tes
South
ea st
South
w est
G re a t
L a k es
—
—
W est
.
.
.
1 .2
4 .0
5. 3
4. 1
0. 3
. 1
(2 )
M ountain
P a c ific
0. 1
. 5
.8
.4
.
0 .8
. 2
0. 1
(2)
-
0. 1
.
. 1
(2 )
0 .8
2 .0
2 .4
2. 2
0. 1
3. 2
6 .4
4. 0
4. 5
2. 7
1 .9
2. 6
2. 3
2. 4
1 .6
1 .6
2 .0
. 2
2 .5
(2)
(2 )
. 2
(2 )
.2
3 .8
3 .6
3 .8
9 .5
5 .7
6 .6
4 .8
7. 3
3. 7
4. 7
6 .7
5. 3
5 .6
4 .4
5. 3
.4
. 3
.9
.8
.8
3 .6
.7
2. 2
4 .6
3. 1
. 2
(2 )
. 5
3 .9
2. 6
(2)
$ 2 .6 0
_
$ 2 . 70 _ __
$ 2 . 80
$ 2 . 90
'
$ 3 . 00_______________________
3 .9
3 .8
4. 8
5. 3
5 .4
1 .2
3. 3
2 .2
2. 2
4. 5
. 5
1 .0
2. 3
4 .8
5 .6
7 .0
1 1 .7
9 .0
8 .9
4 .5
9 .0
6 .8
7 .8
6. 3
4. 5
6 .4
5 .5
5 .8
5 .9
4 .4
1 .8
3. 5
5. 1
5. 3
7. 4
8. 1
2 .8
3 .8
5 .8
8. 1
2. 3
3 .5
7. 7
7. 3
4. 6
. 2
. 1
.9
.9
1 .2
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
$ 3 .1 0
----- ...
$ 3 .2 0
. .
$ 3 . 30
. _
$ 3. 40__ ____ __ _ __ __
$ 3 . 50_____________________ —
6 .8
6 .0
6 .0
5 .4
5. 5
7 .0
5 .4
3 .8
8 .0
1 5 .2
8. 7
6. 3
9. 1
8 .2
8 .2
6 .7
5. 3
4. 1
3 .0
1. 3
5 .4
4 .8
3 .8
1. 3
1. 7
4 .9
3 .2
3 .0
5 .8
2 .0
8. 1
7. 5
7 .6
5 .7
6 .4
7 .9
1 3 .0
6 .8
6 .6
6 .8
9 .5
8. 7
10. 1
3 .8
1 5 .7
2. 5
1 .9
2 .6
4. 2
3 .6
and
and
and
and
and
und er
und er
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
$ 3 . 60_______________________
$ 3 . 70_______________________
$ 3 . 80__ ____
$ 3 . 90_______________________
$ 4 .0 0
__ _
4 .9
4 .0
3 .0
4. 2
2. 5
4. 1
1 8 .5
2. 3
4 .8
2 .9
7 .0
3. 5
3. 3
7. 4
2. 7
1 .2
.8
1. 1
1. 1
. 1
1 .8
.2
.4
. 1
. 1
2 .0
.8
.8
4. 2
1 .9
1 0 .4
5 .0
6 .0
5. 5
3 .9
3. 1
5. 1
1 .7
2 .4
.8
3.
7.
4.
.
.
4
9
8
4
1
1 .0
1 1 .2
5 .7
4. 3
7 .4
and
and
and
and
and
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
10 _
20_______________________
30 _____________ ____
40_______________________
50
2. 1
1 .4
1 .2
1 .8
.6
. 7
2 .0
.5
.9
-
4. 7
1 .9
1. 1
1 .6
.9
. 3
-
. 3
.6
.2
.4
. 5
. 1
( 2)
2 .0
2. 2
. 7
. 5
. 3
.8
. 1
. 1
*
.2
( 2)
( 2)
. 2
(2 )
6. 1
4 .5
9 .2
1 6 .6
4 .6
$ 4 . 50 and u n d er $ 4 . 60_______________________
$ 4 . 60 and o v e r
2.7
1 .4
8. 9
. 1
. 1
. 1
(2)
( 2)
. 3
.4
.9
.2
.6
1. 3
. 1
. 1
5 .0
5 .9
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
64,557
1 ,6 4 7
1 4 ,5 4 3
2 ,9 4 1
9 ,8 1 2
1 0 ,3 2 9
1 3 ,4 4 1
4, 745
2, 080
5 ,0 1 9
$ 3 .1 3
S 3. 34
« 3. 54
* 2 . 68
* 2 .5 1
* 2 .6 7
* 3. 31
* 3. 00
* 3. 15
* 3 . 96
T o t a l.
■
N u m b er o f w o r k e r s
_____
_
_
----
A v e r a g e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 1___________________
.8
.6
-
1 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts .
2 L e s s than 0 .0 5 p e r c e n t.
NOTE:
B e c a u s e o f rou n d in g, su m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y not eq u a l 100.
.2
.2
(2 )
-
. 1
-
.2
Table 3.
Occupational averages:
All establishments
(N u m ber and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 1 o f w o r k e r s in s e le c t e d o cc u p a tio n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , U n ited Sta tes and r e g io n s (O c t o b e r 1969)
U nited States
O cc u p a tio n
N u m b er
of
w orkers
S e le c t e d p r o d u c tio n o c c u p a tio n s 2
B u c k e r s -u p , p n e u m a t ic -------------------------------------------------C a r p e n t e r s , m a in te n a n ce _______________________________
C ran e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b rid g e 3 (2 , 354 m en and
10 w om en )
—
___
__ ______ __
U n der 20 tons - —
______ _____ _______ ________
20 ton s and o v e r
—
— --------------------- --------- —
E le c t r i c i a n s , m a in ten a n ce
__ _____
_____ ___
F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l
---------- ---------F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s _____________________
--------------- ----F r ic t io n - s a w in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
H e lp e r s , g e n e r a l (4, 355 m en and 22 w o m e n ) ________
H e lp e r s , p o w e r -b r a k e (222 m en and 1 w o m a n )---------H e lp e r s , p o w e r -s h e a r ___________________________________
H e lp e r s , p u n c h -p r e s s — _____ ___ _________________
I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A - ___ _____________________________
I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B -------------------------------------------------J a n ito r s (490 m en and 10 w o m e n )_____________________
L a y -o u t m e n , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l _________________________
M a c h in is t s , m a in t e n a n c e _______________________________
M a r k e r s ______ _____ __________________________________
M e c h a n ic s , g e n e r a l — __________________________________
P a in t e r s , ro u g h , b ru sh (268 m en and 3 w o m e n )_____
P a in t e r s , ro u g h , s p r a y (1 ,61 4 m en and 5 w o m e n )___
P la n e r o p e r a t o r s , ed g e o r r o t a r y ______________________
P o w e r -b r a k e o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l -----------------P o w e r -s h e a r o p e ra to rs
_____________________________
P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l, <
c l a s s A ------------- — — ---------------------— ------------------P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l,
cla s s R
R iv e t e r s , p n eu m a tic
--- ---------- ----—
— ___
S to ck c le r k s _ ___ _____ _________________________________
T e m p la te m a k e r s (474 m en and 1 w om an )
___ ___
T r u c k d r iv e r s 4 ____________________________________________
L ig h t (un d er lV2 t o n s) _ __ ______ _______________
M ed iu m (1 \ to and in clu d in g 4 t o n s ) ______________
H eavy (o v e r 4 to n s , t r a il e r ty p e) —
_ _ —
H ea vy (o v e r 4 to n s , o th e r than t r a il e r t y p e ) ______
T ru ck ers, pow er.
--------------------- ------- ------F o r k l i f t ________________________________________________
O th er than f o r k l i f t ____________________________________
W a tch m en
________
_ ______
___ __ ________
W e ld e r s , hand (8, 855 m e n and 16 w o m e n )____________
C la s s A _______ ______________________________________
C la s s B __
_______
— -----------------------------------------W e ld e r s , m a ch in e (a r c o r g a s ) (2 ,07 1 m en and
4 w o m e n )__
_
_ ___ __
W e l d e r s , m a ch in e ( r e s i s t a n c e ) _____
___________ .
W e l d e r s , ta ck (1 , 228 m en and 2 w o m e n ).. __________
72
45
2, 364
1 ,4 0 9
642
472
4 , 613
1 ,5 7 8
407
4 ,3 7 7 '
223
482
428
472
193
500
3, 003
388
64
2, 276
271
1, 619
128
473
1, 112
N ew E n glan d
N u m b er
of w ork ers
H ou rly ea rn in gs 1
M ean
M edian
M idd ip
ra n g e
$
3. 03
3. 42
$
3. 10
3. 35
$
$
2. 8 3 -3 . 19
3. 0 0 -3 . 76
-
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
2.
2.
2.
2.
3.
3.
2.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
2.
2.
2.
2.
3.
3.
2.
3.
3.
3.
3.
2.
3.
3.
3.
3.
2. 7 9 - 3 .4 2
2. 6 7 - 3 .4 1
3. 0 9 - 3 .4 4
3. 2 9 -3 . 93
3. 0 8 -3 . 88
2. 9 4 -3 . 59
2. 7 1 - 3 . 39
2. 2 5 -3 . 14
2. 5 0 - 3 . 14
2. 3 8 -3 . 08
2. 3 5 -3 . 28
3. 4 0 - 3 . 84
3. 0 4 - 3 . 68
1. 9 5 -2 . 77
3. 1 8 -4 . 20
3. 1 4 -3 . 97
3. 0 3 -3 . 58
3. 0 0 -4 . 60
2. 9 2 -3 . 34
2. 5 5 - 3 .4 0
3. 1 7 - 3 .4 2
2. 9 0 -3 . 52
2. 6 9 -3 . 50
34
18
16
86
27
8
108
7
213
21
192
64
17
11
03
26
68
51
27
04
77
87
74
83
68
33
39
68
58
29
61
01
00
24
24
11
23
09
26
76
50
26
00
81
97
60
85
73
35
35
57
53
26
65
96
05
32
20
08
M id d le A tla n tic
H o u r ly e a rn in g s 1
M ea n
$
M ed ia n
$
-
3. 26
3. 48
3. 01
3. 40
3. 35
3. 26
3. 10
2. 43
3. 76
3. 68
3. 31
3. 26
3. 40
M id d le
range
$
3. 46
3. 66
2. 63
3. 42
3. 28
3. 40
• 3. 80
3. 69
3. 66
3. 28
3. 39
N u m b er
of
w ork ers
$
M ed ia n
M id d le
ra n g e
H o u r ly e a rn in g s 1
M ea n
M ed ia n
M id d le
ra nge
$
$
$
3. 16
3. 63
$
3. 13
-
$
$
3. 1 0 -3 . 26
-
_
-
58
735
260
249
186
1, 112
461
76
1, 255
103
140
158
30
102
785
88
25
739
155
259
53
85
227
3. 37
3 .4 3
3. 42
3. 73
3. 83
3. 49
3. 35
3. 22
3. 34
3. 37
3. 87
3. 57
2. 70
4. 12
3. 83
3. 28
4. 37
3. 13
3. 20
3. 39
3. 49
3. 48
3. 26
3. 35
3. 26
3. 93
3. 76
3. 33
3. 37
3. 14
3. 21
3. 24
3. 84
3. 50
2. 77
3. 79
3. 80
3 .4 3
4. 60
2. 98
3. 21
3. 35
3. 42
3 .4 2
3. 2 6 -3 . 43
3. 2 6 - 3 . 72
3. 2 6 - 3 .4 5
3. 5 4 - 3 . 93
3. 4 9 - 1 . 13
3. 2 6 - 3 . 86
3. 1 4 -3 . 54
2. 9 3 - 3 . 58
_
2. 8 5 - 3 . 78
3. 0 1 -3 . 77
3. 7 2 -3 . 84
3. 4 3 - 3 . 64
2. 7 0 -2 . 77
3. 5 6 -4 . 66
3. 4 9 - 4 . 11
2. 9 8 - 3 .4 3
4. 6 0 - 4 . 60
2. 9 3 -3 . 4 1
2. 9 0 -3 . 35
3. 2 6 -3 . 57
3. 3 5 -3 . 51
3. 1 0 -3 . 72
129
110
19
23
194
80
26
350
_
28
_
_
28
20
156
21
_
48
15
63
24
56
260
3. 72
3. 58
3. 3 5 -1 . 00
19
2. 95
2. 84
2. 4 8 - 3 . 29
175
54
45
185
189
29
61
60
117
64
53
37
1, 553
1, 245
308
3 .4 6
3 .4 8
3. 12
3. 86
3. 77
3. 40
3. 63
4. 04
3. 22
3. 24
3. 19
2. 20
3. 65
3. 73
3. 31
3. 37
3 .4 4
3. 10
3. 84
3. 87
3. 39
3. 87
4. 00
3. 26
3. 26
3. 26
2. 40
3. 50
3. 76
3. 16
3. 1 8 -3 . 80
3 .4 3 - 3 . 76
2. 9 9 -3 . 26
3. 6 8 - 3 . 92
3. 2 6 -1 . 18
2. 7 0 -3 . 89
3. 1 3 -3 . 95
3. 97—4. 25
3. 1 2 -3 . 26
3. 2 6 -3 . 26
2. 9 9 - 3 . 26
1. 6 0 -2 . 62
3. 3 4 -4 . 06
3. 4 3 - 4 . 06
3. 0 0 - 3 .4 6
31
51
95
68
18
330
164
166
2. 62
2. 87
2. 68
2. 71
2. 93
_
2. 79
2. 86
2. 72
2. 67
3. 00
_
2. 55
2. 67
2. 83
2. 79
2. 80
2. 79
2. 6 1 -2 .
2. 6 7 -3 .
_
2. 3 4 -3 .
2. 4 0 - 3 .
2. 5 3 -3 .
2. 6 7 -2 .
2. 7 5 -2 .
2. 5 5 -2 .
421
338
3. 50
3. 19
3. 44
3. 10
3. 3 6 -3 . 65
2. 9 8 -3 . 56
74
48
2. 90
2. 72
2. 80
2. 64
2. 8 0 -3 . 20
2. 5 9 -2 . 67
188
115
64
32
59
53
14
24
2.
2.
3.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
3.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2. 2 5 -3 .
2. 0 0 - 3 .
2 .4 9 - 3 .
2. 3 8 -3 .
2. 2 8 -3 .
2. 2 5 -3 .
2. 2 2 -2 .
104
95
8
8
20
20
-
2. 50
2. 45
2. 50
2. 50
2. 52
2. 52
“
2.
2.
2.
2.
-
2.
2.
2.
2.
-
66
66
39
66
44
40
97
69
66
42
940
3. 36
3. 37
2. 9 0 -3 . 77
36
3. 46
3. 66
3. 0 6 -3 . 66
559
116
334
475
1, 324
76
291
639
218
453
334
119
176
8, 871
5 ,9 9 8
2, 873
3. 04
3. 31
2. 91
3. 70
3. 07
2. 64
2. 68
3. 16
3 .4 5
3. 13
3. 15
3. 05
2. 01
3. 29
3. 42
3. 03
3. 02
3. 43
2. 95
3. 84
2. 99
2. 80
2. 60
3. 02
3. 75
3. 23
3. 26
3. 15
1. 90
3. 32
3 .4 3
2. 95
2.
3.
2.
3.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
1.
2.
3.
2.
7 0 - 3 .4 3
0 6 - 3 .4 9
5 0 -3 . 18
3 7 -3 . 99
4 5 - 3 . 75
2 3 - 3 . 00
1 0 -3 . 01
6 1 -3 . 75
6 5 -4 . 03
8 6 -3 . 30
8 0 -3 . 33
9 5 -3 . 26
7 0 -2 . 15
8 7 -3 . 67
0 1 -3 . 80
7 0 - 3 .4 9
15
9
57
11
39
9
213
156
57
3. 08
3. 26
_
3. 17
3. 46
3. 08
1. 77
3. 50
3. 58
3. 28
3. 39
3. 09
3. 00
3. 49
3. 50
3. 39
2. 6 4 -3 .
2. 8 2 -3 .
2. 6 1 -3 .
3. 4 4 - 3 .
3. 4 9 - 3 .
3. 1 6-3.
2, 075
196
1, 230
3. 49
3. 37
2. 86
3. 43
3. 35
2. 86
3. 1 0 -4 . 00
3. 0 2 -3 . 80
2. 5 4 -3 . 13
40
-
3. 44
-
3. 66
-
2. 9 7 -3 . 66
-
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2. 35
2. 28
2. 59
2 .4 5
2 .4 5
2. 50
2. 59
2. 13
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
1.
49
49
6
-
2. 54
2. 54
3. 08
-
2. 33
2. 33
-
2. 1 3 -2 . 75
2. 1 3-2. 75
-
-
M ea n
N u m ber
of
w ork ers
42
13
2. 6 3 -3 .
3. 5 6 -3 .
2. 6 3 -3 .
3. 2 3 -3 .
3. 2 8 -3 .
2. 9 4 -3 .
_
3. 5 6 -3 .
3. 6 9 -3 .
3. 1 5 -3 .
3. 2 2 -3 .
3. 2 3 -3 .
B o r d e r Sta tes
H o u r ly e a rn in g s 1
39
63
49
66
69
53
-
$
_
-
2. 59
2. 55
2. 79
3. 06
2. 98
2. 74
2. 79
2. 24
_
2. 50
_
3. 09
1. 99
3. 43
3. 28
_
2. 79
1. 98
2. 57
2. 82
2. 79
$
_
_
_
-
2. 67
2. 67
2. 77
3. 04
3. 04
2. 67
2. 65
2. 25
_
2. 50
_
_
3. 04
2. 00
3. 34
3. 25
_
2. 75
1. 70
2. 48
2. 82
2. 70
2. 4 5 - 2 .
2. 3 7 -2 .
2. 6 4 -2 .
2. 9 4 -3 .
2. 8 1 -3 .
2. 5 3 -3 .
2. 6 4 -2 .
2. 1 0-2.
2. 3 3 -2 .
_
2. 8 4 -3 .
1. 6 5 -2 .
3. 1 9 -3 .
3. 0 9 -3 .
_
2. 6 5 -2 .
1. 7 0 -2 .
2. 3 7 -2 .
2. 7 1 -3 .
2. 6 7 -3 .
75
74
78
22
10
14
75
31
54
04
26
70
50
92
29
68
00
13
75
10
19
12
50
90
94
79
S e le c t e d o f f i c e o cc u p a tio n s
C le r k s , g e n e r a l
___
___
___ —
W o m e n ___ ___ _ . .
___ _______
___
_____
C le r k s , p a y r o l l ___________________ _____________________
W om en
_.
_ ____ _____ _______
S t e n o g r a p h e r s ____ ________ __ _____ __ ._ _____
W o m e n ________ ________________________________________
T y p is t s , c l a s s A (a ll w o m e n )___________________________
T y p is t s , c l a s s B (11 m en and 128 w o m e n )____________
See fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le.
987
7 74
233
170
263
238
58
139
48
37
79
62
52
54
57
20
0 5 -2 .
0 0 -2 .
3 0 -3 .
2 5 -2 .
1 5 -2 .
1 6 -2 .
1 5 -2 .
9 6 -2 .
79
59
22
87
87
88
95
40
"
-
70
51
12
77
69
68
89
62
50
50
00
58
75
70
87
18
00
75
00
12
12
94
50
38
37
37
"
0 0 -2 . 99
0 0 -2 . 92
2 2 -2 84
2 2 -2 . 84
Table 3.
Occupational averages:
All establishments-----Continued
(N u m ber and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 1 o f w o r k e r s in s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , U n ited S tates and r e g io n s (O c t o b e r 1969)
Sou th ea st
O ccu p a tion
N u m b er
of
w ork ers
S e le c t e d p r o d u c tio n o cc u p a tio n s 2
B u c k e r s -u p , p n e u m a t ic --------------------------------------------------------------------------------C a r p e n t e r s , m a in ten a n ce ___ __ --------------- --------------- ------------------ ---C ran e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b r id g e 3 (2 , 354 m en and 10 w om en )_________
U n der 20 t o n s —
—
- ----- ------------20 ton s and o v e r
_
_
E le c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e __________________________________________________
F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l_____________________ - -------------------------------- ------F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
— ---------F r ic t io n - s a w in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
—
- - - - —
H e lp e r s , g e n e r a l (4 , 355 m en and 22 w o m e n )_____________________________
H e lp e r s , p o w e r -b r a k e (222 m en and 1 w o m a n ) __________________________
H e lp e r s , p o w e r - s h e a r —
—
— — ___ ___ __
— ___ —
—
— __ — _ ______ ____ __
H e lp e r s , p u n c h -p r e s s ___ —
I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A ________________ _______________________________________
I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B ____ ___________________ ____________ _________________
J a n ito rs (490 m en and 10 w o m e n )__________________________________________
L a y -o u t m e n , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l ____
— — _________________
M a c h in is t s , m a in t e n a n c e ____________________________________________________
M a r k e r s _______________________________________________________________________
M e c h a n ic s , g e n e r a l ___ ________....____ ____ __ ___
_______ __ __________
P a in t e r s , ro u g h , b r u s h (268 m en and 3 w om en ) — — ____
P a in t e r s , ro u g h , s p r a y (1 ,6 1 4 m en and 5 w o m e n ). —
____ P la n e r o p e r a t o r s , e d g e o r r o t a r y
P o w e r -b r a k e o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l ________________________________
__
_ _
P o w e r -s h e a r o p e ra to rs
— —
— _____
------------ ------P u n c h - p r e 8 8 o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l, c la s s A_
P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l, c l a s s B _______________________
R i v e t e r s , p n e u m a t ic ___ - __ ____ ______________— ______________________ __
S tock c le rk s
__
_ ___ __
______
_ __
______
T e m p la te m a k e r s (474 m en and 1 w om a n ) __
— _
T r u c k d r iv e r s
___ _________________________________________________________
—
------------------L ig h t (un d er 1 % t o n s )__
M ed iu m (1% to and in clu d in g 4 t o n s ) .
_____ ____
— ------H ea vy (o v e r 4 to n s , t r a il e r ty p e)
—
_______
— —
- H eavy (o v e r 4 to n s , o th e r than t r a il e r t y p e )__________________________
T ru ck ers, p ow er.
______ — ______________________ _______________
F o r k lift .
.............................................
............ .....................
O th er than fo r k li ft
____ - __ ___ —
- ----W a tch m en
__ ____ _
W e ld e r s , hand (8 , 855 m en and 16 w om en )
C la 8 s A . _
___ _ — __ ---- ----_
------_ — —
C la s s B _
------— . . ___
W e ld e r s , m a ch in e ( a r c o r g a s ) (2 ,0 7 1 m en and 4 w o m e n ).
W e ld e r s , m a ch in e (r e s is t a n c e )
W e ld e r s , t a ck (1 , 228 m en and 2 w om en )
322
24 7
53
28
621
183
44
389
17
96
59
50
37
66
444
34
7
256
297
22
39
192
97
70
11
52
45
268
13
84
120
36
24
24
45
1 ,3 5 8
814
544
172
278
S outhw est
H o u r ly e a rn in g s 1
M ean
M ed ia n
N u m b er
of
w ork ers
M id d le
ra n g e
$
$
2. 51
2. 51
2. 74
3. 10
2. 96
2. 63
2. 53
2. 05
2. 17
2. 27
2. 18
3. 19
3. 06
1. 97
3. 04
3. 01
2. 35
2. 64
2. 36
2. 53
2. 71
2. 50
2. 56
2. 53
3. 07
2. 48
2. 99
2. 40
2. 02
2. 26
2. 61
2. 31
2 .4 7
2 .4 7
1. 84
2. 79
2. 84
2. 70
2. 61
2 .4 5
- •
2. 62
2. 62
3. 01
3. 06
3. 00
2. 70
2. 73
2. 10
2. 20
2 .4 0
2. 15
3. 12
3. 05
2. 00
3. 05
3. 06
2. 52
$
2. 30
2. 68
2. 82
2. 53
2. 60
2. 74
2. 50
3. 12
2. 44
2. 34
2. 65
2. 35
2. 50
2. 50
1. 85
2. 80
2. 92
2. 70
2. 55
2. 61
$
2. 1 5 -2 .
2. 1 5 -2 .
2 .4 0 - 3 .
2. 9 3 -3 .
2. 7 9 -3 .
2. 2 5 -2 .
2. 0 3 -2 .
1. 8 5 -2 .
2. 0 0 -2 .
2. 0 0 -2 .
2. 0 4 -2 .
2. 8 5 -3 .
2. 7 5 -3 .
1. 8 4 -2 .
2. 8 0 -3 .
2. 8 8 -3 .
2. 5 0 -2 .
2. 1 5 -2 .
1. 9 9 -3 .
2. 5 0 -3 .
2. 3 9 -2 .
2. 3 5 -2 .
2. 3 2 -2 .
2. 1 5 -2 .
2. 8 9 -3 .
2. 1 8 -2 .
2. 0 0 -2 .
2. 5 0 -2 .
2. 1 8 -2 .
2. 2 9 -2 .
2. 2 9 -2 .
1. 6 0 -2 .
2. 5 0 -3 .
2. 6 5 -3 .
2. 2 5 -2 .
2. 4 3 - 2 .
1. 9 0 -2 .
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
-
86
81
01
28
15
95
90
25
42
53
38
40
20
10
35
13
11
277
189
88
59
768
177
57
476
29
90
91
62
17
96
335
59
-
72
60
15
02
66
72
86
68
20
65
55
75
35
73
73
05
06
12
95
80
73
90
16
246
M ean
$
3. 10
2. 68
2 .4 8
3. 12
3. 36
3. 16
2. 94
2. 53
2. 14
2. 31
2. 21
2. 22
3. 34
3. 00
1. 85
3. 08
3. 08
2. 78
2. 28
2. 66
M ed ia n
$
2. 60
2 .5 4
3. 16
3. 37
3. 13
2. 91
2. 55
2. 18
2. 38
2. 28
2. 23
3. 37
2. 85
1. 80
3. 06
3. 14
-
57
14 9
116
74
8
48
36
222
30
91
75
48
22
26
42
1 .6 0 9
1, 167
44 2
201
228
2. 79
2. 60
2. 79
2. 48
2. 74
2. 30
2. 99
2. 35
2. 38
2. 36
2 .4 1
2. 63
2. 65
2. 61
1. 83
3. 04
3. 23
2. 55
3. 05
2 .4 2
2. 50
2. 23
2. 55
2. 76
2. 65
2. 89
2. 55
2. 23
2. 90
2. 20
2. 30
2. 25
2. 20
2. 58
2. 50
2. 85
1. 75
3. 01
3. 25
2. 60
3. 10
2 .4 5
101
68
40
30
52
49
10
31
2. 35
2. 24
2 .4 1
2. 34
2. 43
2. 44
2. 75
2. 11
2. 35
2. 16
2. 23
2. 23
2 .4 5
2 .4 5
2. 02
-
G re a t L ak es
H o u r ly e a rn in g s 1
-
M id d le
ra n g e
N u m b er
of
w ork ers
H ou rly e a rn in g s-1
M ean
M ed ia n
$
2. 4 0 - 2 . 96
2. 3 3 -2 . 66
2. 8 7 -3 . 35
3. 1 9 -3 . 55
2. 8 5 -3 . 39
2. 6 0 -3 . 33
2. 3 5 -2 . 75
2. 0 0 -2 . 25
2. 2 0 -2 . 38
1. 8 8 -2 . 51
2. 0 0 -2 . 53
3. 1 9 -3 . 48
2. 5 4 -3 . 35
1. 7 5 -1 . 93
2. 8 5 -3 . 30
2. 7 5 -3 . 30
2. 5 0 -3 . 00
2. 1 4 -2 . 45
2. 2 5 -2 . 84
2. 6 3 -2 . 96
2. 3 5 -2 . 77
2. 5 5 -2 . 96
2. 1 8 -2 . 71
2. 0 0 -2 . 55
2. 7 4 -3 . 42
2. 0 0 -2 . 64
2. 0 7 -2 . 75
2. 0 4 - 2 . 64
2. 1 0 -2 . 77
2. 3 0 -2 . 95
2. 3 2 -3 . 08
2. 2 7 -2 . 95
1. 7 0 -1 . 90
2. 6 5 -3 . 43
2. 8 5 -3 . 55
2. 3 1 -2 . 70
2. 9 1 -3 . 25
2. 3 4 -2 . 61
13
9
472
34 9
121
106
900
304
140
876
78
84
55
98
68
131
471
79
462
68
354
21
173
264
191
121
27
57
111
267
9
37
176
40
161
133
28
24
2 ,3 6 6
1 ,3 3 2
1 ,0 3 4
301
77
173
$
2. 95
3. 77
3. 27
3. 23
3. 36
3. 89
3. 62
3. 37
3. 17
2. 85
2. 96
2. 97
3. 07
3. 76
3. 52
2. 76
3. 72
3. 55
3. 53
3. 12
3. 20
3. 50
3. 34
3. 35
3. 31
3. 06
3. 24
3. 05
3. 77
3. 63
3. 19
3 .4 7
3. 66
3. 76
3. 29
3. 28
3. 34
2. 50
3 .4 2
3 .4 8
3. 34
3. 44
3. 35
3. 13
3. 26
3. 26
3. 30
3. 93
3. 71
3. 35
3. 13
2. 88
3. 06
3. 01
3. 01
3. 81
3. 58
2. 80
3. 69
3. 57
3. 65
2. 96
3. 21
3 .4 0
3 .4 3
3. 38
3. 31
2 .9 1
3 .4 3
3 .0 0
3. 84
3. 56
3. 50
3 .9 6
3. 90
3. 26
3. 26
3. 33
2. 64
3. 52
3. 57
3 .4 2
3 .4 5
3. 20
3. 10
$
3. 1 8 -3 . 48
3. 1 1 -3 . 52
3. 2 6 - 3 .4 7
3. 56—4. 15
3. 3 7 -3 . 86
3. 0 7 -3 . 65
2. 7 5 -3 . 50
2. 7 1 -3 . 00
2. 6 7 -3 . 10
2. 6 0 -3 . 14
2. 8 1 -3 . 28
3. 5 1 -3 . 98
3. 2 5 -3 . 84
2. 4 0 - 3 . 02
3. 3 3 -4 . 15
3. 1 2 -3 . 81
3. 1 3 -3 . 75
2. 9 3 - 3 .4 3
3. 0 3 -3 . 47
3. 3 5 -3 . 72
3. 0 1 -3 . 55
3. 2 0 -3 . 53
3. 0 7 -3 . 51
2. 8 1 -3 . 38
2. 9 8 -3 . 44
2. 8 1 -3 . 14
3. 5 6 -4 . 02
3. 2 7 -4 . 02
3. 1 4 -3 . 50
3. 2 9 -4 . 03
3. 4 8 —4. 03
3. 0 2 -3 . 50
3. 0 1 -3 . 50
3. 2 6 -3 . 38
2. 0 7 -2 . 80
3. 1 0 -3 . 73
3. 2 6 -3 . 77
2. 9 3 -3 . 58
3. 1 6 -3 . 80
2. 9 1 -3 . 58
3. 0 7 - 3 .2 5
2. 0 0 -2 . 50
1 .9 5 - 2 .4 1
2. 0 9 - 2 . 59
2. 1 5 - 2 .4 9
2. 2 4 -2 . 59
2. 2 5 -2 . 59
1. 9 9 - 2 . 28
199
146
49
41
36
30
11
33
2. 52
2. 39
2. 77
2. 68
2. 62
2. 71
2 .4 9
2. 20
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2. 1 0 -2 .
2. 0 5 - 2 .
2. 4 0 - 3 .
2. 3 0 -3 .
2. 2 0 -3 .
2. 3 0 -3 .
1. 9 6 -2 .
$
$
M id d le
ra n g e
$
S e le c t e d o f f i c e o cc u p a tio n s
C le r k s , g e n e r a l
W o m e n ______
C le r k s , p a y r o ll
W om en— S te n o g ra p h e r s _
W om en
T y p is t s , c l a s s A
T y p is t s , c l a s s B
-
—
—
-----
------------------
--------------
—
—
_
—
_ - __
(a ll w o m e n ).
---- ----(11 m en and 128 w om en )
See fo o t n o t e s a t en d o f ta ble.
—
—
118
104
17
17
33
24
26
27
23
37
37
19
27
14
28
25
16
16
10
13
10
0 0 -2 .
0 0 -2 .
9 5 -2 .
9 5 -2 .
9 5 -2 .
9 5 -2 .
50
50
70
70
38
65
0 2 -2 . 31
31
25
59
50
50
50
25
77
54
25
00
07
12
40
Table 3.
Occupational averages:
All establishments— Continued
(N u m ber and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 1 o f w o r k e r s in s e le c t e d o cc u p a tio n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , U nited S ta tes and r e g io n s (O c t o b e r 1969)
M id d le W est
O cc u p a tio n
N u m b er
of
w ork ers
S e le c t e d p r o d u c tio n o c c u p a tio n s 2
—
— ----- — ------B u c k e r s -u p , p n e u m a t ic - - - ___
C a r p e n t e r s , m a in te n a n ce ____________________________________________________
C ran e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b r id g e 3 (2 , 354 m en and 10 w om en )-------------U nder 20 ton s
_
20 tons and o v f r ............ ............... ......
E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e ------— __ ------- ----------------------------------- —
F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l_________ __ ________ _____ ___ ____ _______ ______ ________
F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s --------- --------------- ----------F r ic t io n - s a w in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ________________________________________
H e lp e r s , g e n e r a l (4, 355 m en and 22 w o m e n )_____________________________
H e lp e r s , p o w e r -b r a k e (2 2 2 m e n and 1 w o m a n ) ___________________________
H e lp e r s , p o w e r - s h e a r — ________ _________________________________ __ ___
H e lp e r s , p u n c h - p r e s s — ______________________ ___________________ _____
I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A ------------------------------------------------------------- ------- ----------- ----I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s B ____ _______________ — _____ __________ ________ —
J a n ito rs (490 m en and 10 w o m e n )__________________________________________
L a y -o u t m e n , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l ______________________________________________
M a c h in is ts , m a in t e n a n c e ____________________________________________________
M a r k e r s ___
__
_____________________
_____ __________ _____________
M e c h a n ic s , g e n e r a l — ___________ ______________________________________ ___ _
P a in t e r s , rou g h , b ru sh (268 m en and 3 w o m e n )__________________________
P a in t e r s , rou g h , s p ra y (1 , 614 m e n and 5 w o m e n )_______________________
P la n e r o p e r a t o r s , edg e o r r o t a r y __________________________________________
P o w e r -b r a k e o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l__________________________________
P o w e r - s h e a r o p e r a t o r s ___ _______________ __________________________ ___
P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l, c l a s s A _______________________ .
P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l, c l a s s B _______________________
R iv e t e r s , p n e u m a t ic ___ _____ ______________
____________ ___ ________
S to ck c l e r k s ___________________________________________________________________
T em p la te m a k e r s (474 m en and 1 w o m a n ) ------------------------------------------------T r u c k d r iv e r s 4 __ --------------------------------- ----------------------------- --------------- —
L ig h t (un d er 1 V2' t o n s )___ ____ ___
__ ________________________
___
M ed iu m (1 \ to and in clu d in g 4 t o n s ) ___________________________________
H eavy (o v e r 4 to n s , t r a il e r type) ______________ _____
_____
H ea vy (o v e r 4 to n s , o th e r than t r a il e r t y p e ) ___________________________
T r u c k e r s , p o w e r -—. -_. . _________
F n rlcljft
............... ...
__ ____________________ ___ _______ _
O th er than fo r k li ft _______________
__________ ________________________
W a tc h m e n __________ ___ _____ __ ____________ _________ ____________ ___ _______
W e ld e r s , hand (8 , 855 m en and 16 w o m e n )_________________________________
C la s s A ------- ------------ ------------- ------------------------------------------------------- ----C la s s B __ ____________ ______ ____________ ________________ _______ _______
W e ld e r s , m a ch in e (a r c o r g a s ) (2, 071 m en and 4 w o m e n )______________
W e ld e r s , m a ch in e ( r e s i s t a n c e ) __________________________ _____ __________
W e ld e r s , ta ck (1 , 228 m en and 2 w o m e n )---------- ------------------------------- -----
M oun tain
H ou r ly ea rn in g s 1
M ean
M ed ia n
$
$
172
77
63
21
326
122
28
275
17
39
22
50
47
109
32
15
114
101
15
35
87
54
33
10
20
30
72
7
39
26
17
12
540
325
215
122
55
3. 05
3. 05
3. 14
3. 43
3. 23
3. 12
3. 04
2. 39
2. 70
2. 70
2. 84
3. 50
2. 29
3. 31
3. 52
3. 13
2. 94
3. 03
3. 26
3. 13
2. 96
3. 31
2. 89
3. 19
2. 95
3. 52
3. 05
2. 48
3. 20
2. 88
2. 95
2. 00
3. 11
3. 21
2. 95
3. 39
2. 82
3 .0 0
3. 01
3. 09
3. 26
3. 25
3. 11
3. 00
2. 46
2. 76
2. 65
2. 63
3. 63
2. 25
3. 33
3. 44
3. 18
2. 88
3. 14
3. 23
3. 10
2. 97
3. 37
2. 98
2. 94
3 .4 0
3. 00
3. 01
2. 76
2. 80
3. 10
3. 18
3 .0 1
3. 37
2. 79
129
123
20
14
27
26
2. 19
2. 18
2. 45
2. 33
2 .4 2
2 .4 1
2. 10
2. 05
2 .4 5
2 .4 2
2. 36
-
N u m b er
of
w ork ers
M id d le
ra n g e
$
$
2. 8 6 -3 .
2. 7 8 -3 .
2. 9 9 -3 .
3. 2 3 -3 .
3. 0 7 -3 .
2. 9 6 -3 .
2. 8 8 -3 .
2. 0 8 -2 .
2. 3 7 -2 .
2. 3 7 -2 .
2. 5 0 -3 .
3. 2 5 -3 .
1. 9 7 -2 .
3. 0 2 - 3 .
3. 3 1 -3 .
3. 0 7 -3 .
2. 5 4 -3 .
2. 8 8 -3 .
3. 1 2 -3 .
2. 9 6 -3 .
2. 7 3 -3 .
3. 0 0 -3 .
2. 7 8 -3 .
2. 7 3 -2 .
3. 3 5 -3 .
2. 9 3 -3 .
2. 9 4 -3 .
2. 7 5 -2 .
2. 7 5 -2 .
2. 9 0 -3 .
3. 0 2 - 3 .
2. 7 2 -3 .
3. 1 7 -3 .
2. 5 7 -3 .
30
09
42
67
37
30
42
55
80
93
31
66
56
50
69
21
40
26
42
20
14
66
03
97
67
20
75
80
97
25
25
10
60
14
30
23
7
8
135
63
17
294
14
13
12
164
6
230
43
20
37
30
10
19
53
14
24
10
38
37
219
187
24 9
17
-
P a c if i c
H ou r ly ea rn in g s 1
M ean
M ed ia n
$
$
2. 98
2. 95
3. 10
3. 62
3. 53
3. 21
3. 14
2. 72
2. 84
3. 53
2. 57
3. 36
3 .4 6
3. 16
2. 98
2. 83
3. 11
2. 89
3. 15
2. 94
3. 23
2. 97
3. 49
3. 11
3. 01
3. 02
3. 17
3. 23
3. 29
3. 33
-
2. 85
2. 85
_
3 .4 8
3. 21
3. 10
2. 76
3 .4 7
3. 28
3. 06
2. 69
3. 12
2. 74
3. 10
3. 18
3. 43
3. 18
3. 18
3. 28
3 .4 7
3. 25
3. 38
-
2.
2.
2.
2.
2. 28
2. 28
.
_
-
N u m b er
of
w ork ers
M id d le
ra n g e
$
$
2. 7 9 -3 .
2. 7 9 -3 .
_
3. 4 7 - 3 .
3. 1 8 -3 .
3. 0 6 - 3 .
2. 6 6 -3 .
3. 0 3 -3 .
2. 9 7 -3 .
2. 8 5 -3 .
2. 6 9 -2 .
2. 9 5 -3 .
2. 6 9 -2 .
2. 6 6 -3 .
2. 9 9 -3 .
_
3. 1 7 -3 .
2. 6 9 -3 .
2. 6 9 -3 .
2. 8 5 -3 .
2. 8 5 -3 .
3. 1 0 -3 .
3. 1 8 -3 .
18
12
70
24
10
03
47
50
12
94
24
99
18
35
96
18
18
47
47
62
47
193
136
26
36
471
161
11
354
26
28
33
35
19
326
48
145
192
9
37
83
137
30
33
54
101
37
34
32
31
683
608
75
495
97
H o u r ly e a rn in g s 1
M ea n
M ed ia n
$
$
3. 75
3. 76
3. 67
4. 40
4. 27
3. 91
4. 02
3. 36
3. 57
3. 44
3. 36
4. 30
3. 00
4. 44
4. 33
4. 07
3. 86
3. 52
4. 06
3. 93
3. 91
3. 65
3. 93
4. 28
3. 89
3. 92
4. 13
3. 67
3. 68
4. 00
4. 04
3. 65
4. 22
3. 53
3. 73
3. 73
3. 68
4. 32
4. 32
4. 07
3. 35
3. 84
3. 70
3. 35
4 .4 2
2. 88
4. 50
4. 32
4. 32
3. 90
3. 96
3. 96
3. 92
3. 68
3. 96
4. 30
4. 02
4. 28
4. 05
3. 77
3. 77
--
2.
2.
3.
3.
2.
2.
2.
2. 88
2 .4 8
3. 00
2. 88
2. 88
2. 88
“
4.
4.
3.
4.
3.
M idd le
range
$
20
20
92
27
30
$
3. 6 8 -3 .
3. 6 2 -3 .
3. 6 8 -3 .
4. 2 4 -4 .
4. 1 5-4.
3. 3 7 -4 .
3. 1 5-3.
3. 2 3 -3 .
3. 1 1-3.
3. 1 8-3.
4. 02—4.
2. 7 7 -3 .
4. 3 7 -4 .
4. 0 9 -4 .
3. 78—4.
3. 8 0 -3 .
3. 6 8 -4 .
3. 8 3 -4 .
3. 78—4.
3. 4 8 -3 .
3. 63—4.
4. 3 0 -4 .
3. 5 5 -4 .
3. 1 0 -4 .
4. 0 1 -4 .
3. 6 3 -3 .
3. 6 5 -3 .
3. 8 3 -4 .
3. 8 3 -4 .
2. 8 5 -4 .
4. 2 7 -4 .
3. 1 0 -4 .
83
92
68
81
45
32
65
84
84
62
48
59
56
50
52
94
52
09
05
86
32
49
28
28
24
79
79
32
32
07
31
07
S e le c t e d o f f i c e o c c u p a tio n s
C le r k s , g e n e r a l ____ ____ ____________________ ____ __ ___ ______________________
W o m e n __ _____ _________ ___ ___ _________ ___ __ ____ __ ____________________
C le r k s , p a y r o l l ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S t e n o g r a p h e r s ______ , _
___
_ __ _ .
______ ___________________
W o m e n __ ____ _______________ _____ _______ ___ ___________________ __ ______
T y p is t s , c l a s s A (a ll w o m e n )______ —
—
___ ________ __
T y p is t s , c l a s s B (11 m en and 128 w om en )
___ — __ ______ ____
1
2
3
4
-
-
'
1.
1.
2.
2.
2.
-
9 0 -2 . 39
9 0 -2 . 35
2 5 -2 . 75
0 7 -2 . 70
0 3 -2 . 71
31
31
_
8
8
-
-
35
35
29
29
-
2. 0 2 -2 . 60
2. 0 2 -2 . 60
-
"
E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ift s . F o r d e fin itio n s o f m ea n , m e d ia n , and m id d le ra n g e , s e e a p p en d ix A .
E x ce p t w h e re in d ic a t e d , a ll w o r k e r s in the p r o d u c tio n o cc u p a tio n s w e re m en.
In clu d e s w o r k e r s o p e r a tin g c r a n e s o f both s i z e c a t e g o r ie s a s w e ll as those fo r w h ic h data a r e show n s e p a r a t e ly .
I n clu d e s d r iv e r s o p e r a tin g a c o m b in a tio n o f the ty p es and s iz e s o f tru c k s show n s e p a r a t e ly .
NOTE:
D a s h es in d ic a te n o data r e p o r t e d o r data that do not m e e t p u b lica tion c r it e r ia .
68
43
26
20
24
24
-
7
92
67
20
03
73
73
36
2. 4 5 -3 .
2. 2 8 -3 .
2. 5 9 -3 .
2. 5 4 -3 .
2. 6 9 -2 .
2. 6 9 -2 .
'
‘
38
11
68
29
96
96
Table 4.
Occupational averages:
By community size
(N u m b er and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 1 o f m en in s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s ta b lis h m e n ts in m e t r o p o lit a n and n o n m e tr o p o lita n a r e a s ,
U n ited S ta tes and r e g i o n s , O cto b e r 1969)
U n ited Sta tes
O cc u p a tio n
C ra n e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b r id g e 2 ....... ...... ....................... .
U nder 20 to n s ..................................... .......................................
20 to n s and o v e r ............ .......... ..................... ............................
E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in te n a n ce ........................................... ..............
F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l _________ ____ __________________________
F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ..........................................
F r ic t io n - s a w in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s .......................................
H e lp e r s , g e n e r a l ______________________________ ___________
H e lp e r s , p o w e r - s h e a r ______ ________________ ____ _________
H e lp e r s , p u n c h -p r e s s _____________________________________
I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A __________________________________ ____
J a n it o r s ___________________ ____ ____________ _______________
L a y -o u t m e n , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l _______ ________ ____________
M a c h in is ts , m a in ten a n ce ___ ____ _________________ _______
M e c h a n ic s , g e n e r a l_________________ ________________ _______
P a in t e r s , ro u g h , s p ra y ___________________________________
P o w e r -b r a k e o p e r a t o r s , str u c t u r a l s te e l ______________
P o w e r -s h e a r o p e r a t o r s __________ __________________ ______
P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , str u c tu r a l s te e l, c l a s s A ____
P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , str u c t u r a l s t e e l, c la s s B ____
S to ck c l e r k s
___________________________________ _______ . . .
T e m p la te m a k e r s __________________________________________
T r u c k d r iv e r s .3 _____________________________ ________________
M ed iu m ( 1Vi t o and in clu d in g 4 t o n s) ____ ___________
H ea v y (O v e r 4 to n s t r a il e r ty p e )_______________________
H ea v y (O v e r 4 to n s , o th e r than t r a il e r t y p e ) ________
T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (fo r k lift) ___________________ _______ ____
W a tch m en ____________________________________ ______________
W e ld e r s , hand ____________________________________ _________
C la s s A _______________ ________ _____________ ____ . —
C la s s B .................. ......................................................
W e ld e r s , m a ch in e (a r c o r g a s) __________________________
W e ld e r s , t a c k ______________________________________________
M etrop olita n
a rea s
N um ber
A vera ge
of
h o u r ly
w o r k e r s e a rn in g s
N o n m e tr o p o lita n
a rea s
N u m b er A v e r a g e
of
h o u r ly
w o r k e r s e a rn in g s
2 ,0 8 7
1 ,255
538
402
3,9 9 9
1.391
361
3 ,7 1 6
421
386
404
400
2 ,7 0 2
332
2, 120
1,337
409
925
828
474
281
421
1 ,179
251
580
207
309
119
7 ,2 0 3
4 ,9 7 5
2 ,2 2 8
1,7 9 3
1 ,037
267
154
97
70
614
187
46
639
61
42
68
90
301
56
156
277
64
187
112
85
53
53
145
40
59
25
57
1 ,6 5 2
1 ,0 1 5
637
278
191
$ 3 . 13
3 .0 4
3. 27
3. 73
3 .5 4
3. 28
3 .0 6
2 .8 1
2. 75
2 .8 3
3. 74
2 .4 6
3. 70
3 .6 2
3 .6 7
2. 99
3. 27
3. 17
3. 38
3. 06
2. 96
3. 73
3. 12
2 .7 1
3. 18
3. 50
3 .2 0
2. 01
3. 32
3 .4 3
3. 07
3. 53
2. 87
$ 2 . 95
2 .9 2
3. 20
3 .4 1
3. 33
3. 14
2. 83
2. 54
2. 64
2 .8 6
3. 34
2. 13
3. 54
3. 32
2. 78
3. 04
3 .0 5
2 .7 9
3 .2 0
2 .9 5
2 .6 9
3 .4 5
2 .6 7
2 .4 6
2. 93
2 .6 4
2 .0 2
3. 17
3. 34
2 .9 0
3 .2 5
2 .8 0
N ew E ngland
M id d le A tla n tic
B o r d e r S ta tes
M e tr o p o lita n
a rea s
N u m b er A v e r a g e
of
h o u r ly
w o r k e r s ea rn in g s
M e tr o p o lita n
a rea s
N u m b er A v e r a g e
of
h o u r ly
w o r k e r s ea rn in g s
M e tr o p o lita n
a rea s
N u m b er A v e r a g e
of
h o u r ly
w o r k e r s e a rn in g 8
32
16
16
83
26
8
108
212
21
192
61
16
36
15
9
53
11
37
206
153
53
$ 3 . 28
3. 54
3. 01
3 .4 0
3. 36
3. 26
3. 10
3 .7 6
3 .6 8
3. 31
3. 28
3 .4 3
3 .4 6
3. 08
3. 26
3. 17
3 .4 6
3 .0 6
3. 51
3. 58
3 .2 9
40
3. 44
665
225
214
164
1 ,0 2 0
397
73
1, 153
91
128
144
93
740
74
739
228
74
200
233
152
44
163
174
19
57
60
60
35
1 ,3 5 1
1 ,0 9 4
257
381
291
$ 3 . 35
3 .3 9
3. 42
3. 74
3. 83
3 .4 9
3. 32
3. 20
3 .4 0
3. 34
3 .8 9
2. 69
4. 13
3. 75
4 . 37
3. 19
3. 51
3. 49
3. 71
3 .4 2
3. 12
3 .8 6
3 .8 2
3. 77
3. 59
4. 04
3. 26
2. 20
3. 70
3 .7 7
3. 37
3 .4 8
3. 19
89
76
13
13
148
62
24
265
28
13
136
15
44
54
22
36
17
16
41
83
56
18
302
152
150
41
$ 2 . 54
2. 50
2. 79
3. 13
2 .9 9
2. 72
2. 72
2. 19
2. 50
2. 01
3 .4 4
3. 25
2. 77
2. 53
2. 75
2 .7 9
2. 96
2. 42
2. 92
2. 64
2 .6 5
2. 93
_
2. 76
2. 85
2. 66
.
2 .5 9
Southeast
M e tr o p o lita n
a rea s
N u m b er A v e r a g e
of
h o u r ly
w o r k e r s ea rn in g 8
271
222
_
19
548
164
37
349
75
55
29
35
368
31
212
213
33
124
72
63
37
38
238
80
103
36
20
.
849
641
208
163
246
$ 2 .5 6
2. 50
_
3. 16
2 .9 9
2 .6 3
2. 51
2. 02
2 .2 1
2. 20
3. 36
1 .9 3
3. 00
3 .0 3
2. 58
2. 26
2 .6 8
2 .5 1
2. 58
2. 59
2 .4 8
3 .0 1
2 .4 0
2. 25
2 .6 1
2. 31
2. 55
.
2. 72
2 .8 3
2 .4 1
2 .6 0
2 .4 4
N o n m e tr o p o lita n
a rea s
N u m b er A v e r a g e
h o u r ly
of
w o r k e r s ea rn in g s
51
25
_
9
73
19
7
.
21
29
76
_
.
84
.
-
25
7
15
7
30
.
17
_
_
24
501
173
328
_
$ 2 .2 9
2. 64
_
2. 96
2. 79
2. 57
2 .6 6
.
.
2. 95
2. 03
3. 26
_
2 .6 0
_ .
.
2. 51
1 .9 9
2 .4 8
2 .9 0
2 .4 3
.
2 .6 0
_
_
1 .9 9
2 .9 0
2. 90
2 .8 9
_
'
See fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta ble,
Tabic 4.
Occupational averages:
By community size— Continued
(N u m b er and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 1 o f m en in s e le c t e d o cc u p a tio n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s ta b lis h m e n ts in m e t r o p o lit a n and n o n m e tro p o lita n a r e a s ,
United States and r e g io n s , O cto b e r 1969)
Southwe st
O ccu p a tion
C ra n e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b r id g e 2 ________________
U n der 20 t o n s _____________________________________
20 to n s and o v e r __________________________________
E l e c t r ic ia n s , m a in te n a n ce _________________________
F it t e r s , str u c tu r a l __________________________________
F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
F r ic t io n - s a w in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
H e lp e r s , g e n e ra l _____ ____________ _________ _______
H e lp e r s , p o w e r -s h e a r
H e lp e r s , p u n c h -p r e s s ______________________________
I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A _____________ __________________
J a n ito rs ______________________________________________
L a y -o u t m e n , s t r u c t u r a l s te e l ____________________
M a c h in is ts , m a in ten a n ce ___________________________
M e c h a n ic s , g e n e r a l__________________________________
P a in t e r s , rou g h , sp ra y ____________________________
P o w e r -b r a k e o p e r a t o r s , str u c t u r a l s t e e l _______
P o w e r -s h e a r o p e r a t o r s ____________________________
P u n c h -p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l,
c l a s s A __ _____ ____________________________________
P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l,
c l a s s B ______________
_______________________
S to ck c l e r k s _________________________________________
T e m p la te m a k e r s ___________________________________
T r u c k d r iv e r s 3 _______________________________________
M ed iu m (l V z t o and in clu d in g 4 to n s ) _________
H eavy (o v e r 4 t o n s , t r a il e r t y p e ) ______________
H eavy (o v e r 4 t o n s , o th er than t r a il e r t y p e ) __
T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (fo r k lift)
W atchm en
W e ld e r s , hand
C la s s A __ _ ____________ ________________________
C la s s B _______________________________________ _____
W e ld e r s , m a ch in e ( a r c o r g a s ) ______ ____________
W e ld e r s , t a ck _______________________________________
M etrop olita n
a rea s
N u m ber
A v e ra g e
of
h ou rly
w ork ers
ea rn in g s
G re a t L ak es
N on m etrop d lita n
a rea s
N u m b er
A v era g e
of
h o u r ly
w ork ers
e a rn in g s
65
34
31
326
36
20
240
16
212
155
57
442
141
37
236
76
75
53
73
266
34
41
163
53
129
$ 2 . 56
2. 44
2 .8 8
.
2. 99
2 .8 2
2 .4 6
2. 12
2. 15
2. 15
3. 30
1 .8 4
3. 06
3. 20
2 .9 1
2 .4 0
2. 78
2. 54
98
2. 76
18
2 .9 2
183
53
38
27
163
65
70
20
21
1 ,0 4 2
680
362
147
133
2. 40
2. 19
2. 94
2. 31
2. 36
2. 38
2 .6 5
1. 79
2 .8 0
2. 99
2 .4 4
2 .9 8
2. 28
21
10
2. 68
2. 68
113
51
108
257
37
166
40
131
20
2, 151
1 ,2 1 2
939
276
167
-
21
69
25
49
83
-
-
59
26
-
21
567
487
95
$ 3 . 10
2. 68
3. 55
_
3. 39
3 .4 2
2. 67
2. 15
2. 55
1 .8 9
3. 15
2. 93
2. 68
3. 16
-
-
2 .4 5
2. 38
-
1 .8 8
3. 49
3. 57
2 .6 0
459
343
114
106
887
287
135
765
78
53
94
122
463
75
431
339
138
242
$3
3
3
3
3.
3
3
2
2
3.
3.
2.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
29
25
37
89
63
42
18
90
99
08
78
76
74
59
56
21
44
39
3. 32
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
2.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
1 E x clu d e s p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts .
2 In clu d es w o r k e r s o p e r a tin g c r a n e s o f both s iz e c a t e g o r ie s a s w e ll a s th o se fo r w h ich data a r e show n s e p a r a t e ly .
3 In clu d e s a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and type o f tru c k o p era ted .
N O T E : D a s h es in d ic a te no data r e p o r t e d o r data that do not m e e t p u b lica tion c r it e r ia .
M id d le W est
M e tr o p o lita n
a rea s
N u m b er
A v era g e
of
h o u r ly
w ork ers
e a rn in g s
07
08
78
66
47
71
76
29
47
47
52
39
50
13
M ountain
M e tr o p o lita n
a rea s
N u m b er
A vera g e
of
h o u r ly
w ork ers
ea rn in g s
138
59
50
20
274
98
21
225
35
18
32
28
90
30
86
69
32
60
39
22
15
23
63
7
34
10
400
248
152
103
49
$3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
3.
2
3
3.
3
2
3.
3.
28
23
.
6
131
55
15
276
3. 11
28
2 .8 7
122
3 .9 2
10
13
.
47
14
20
10
37
219
187
_
193
3. 15
2. 84
.
3. 26
2. 97
3. 58
3. 11
3. 02
.
3. 17
3. 23
_
3. 33
30
33
54
101
.
37
34
31
.
683
608
75
465
97
3 .6 5
3 .9 3
4. 28
3 .8 9
_
3. 92
4. 13
3. 68
_
4. 00
4. 04
3 .6 5
4. 22
3. 53
11
12
146
.
2 30
43
35
3. 41
01
06
56
03
48
23
3 11
3.
3.
3
3.
.
2
16
23
05
43
77
$ 3 . 00
2 .9 5
_
3. 75
3. 55
3 .2 1
3. 15
2. 72
M e tr o p o lita n
a rea s
N u m b er
A vera g e
of
h o u r ly
w ork ers
e a rn in g s
193
136
26
36
466
161
11
339
28
33
35
19
281
48
145
167
37
83
09
07
23
44
26
17
20
41
68
76
47
38
34
53
11
98
16
06
3.
3.
3.
3.
2.
3.
P a c ifi c
M e tr o p o lita n
a rea s
N u m b er
A v era g e
of
h o u r ly
w ork ers
e a rn in g s
-
-
.
3. 57
2. 57
3. 36
_
3. 16
2. 98
-
$ 3 .7 5
3. 76
3 .6 7
4 .4 0
4. 26
3 .9 1
4. 02
3. 35
3. 44
3. 36
4. 30
3. 00
4. 43
4. 33
4. 07
3. 85
4. 06
3 .9 3
Table 5.
Occupational averages:
By establishment size
(N u m b er and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 1 o f m en in s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e sta b lis h m e n ts b y s iz e o f e s ta b lis h m e n t,
U n ited S ta tes and r e g io n s , O cto b e r 1969)
U n ited S ta tes 2
N ew E ngland
M id d le A tla n tic
B o r d e r S tates
S outheast
E s ta b lish m e n ts w ithO cc u p a tio n
C ra n e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b r id g e 2 ____________
U nder 20 t o n s __________________________ _____
20 to n s and o v e r ______________________________
E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in te n a n ce _____________________
F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l ______________________________
F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ____________
F r ic t io n - s a w in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ___________
H e lp e r s , g e n e r a l_________________________________
H e lp e r s , p u n c h -s h e a r __________________________
H e lp e r s , p u n c h -p r e s s __________________________
I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A ________________ ____ _________
J a n it o r s ____________________________________________
L a y -o u t m e n , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l __________________
M a c h in is t s , m a in ten a n ce _______________________
M e c h a n ic s , g e n e r a l______________________________
P a in t e r s , ro u g h , s p ra y _________________________
P o w e r -b r a k e o p e r a t o r s , s tr u ctu ra l s te e l_____
P o w e r -s h e a r o p e r a t o r s _______________ ___
P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u ctu ra l s t e e l,
cla s s A
P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u ctu ra l s t e e l,
c l a s s B __________________________________________
S to ck c l e r k s _______________________________________
T e m p la te m a k e r s ________________________________
T r u c k d r iv e r s 3 ___________________________________
M ed iu m ( I V 2 to and in clu d in g 4 ton s) _____
H ea vy (o v e r 4 to n s , t r a il e r t y p e ) ___________
H ea vy (o v e r 4 t o n s , o th e r than t r a ile r
t y p e ) -------------------------------------------------------------T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (f o r k lif t )
W a tch m en ________________________________________
W e ld e r s , hand ___________________________________
C la s s A _________________________________________
C la s s B _______________________ _______________
W e ld e r s , m a ch in e ( a r c o r g a s ) ________________
W e ld e r s , t a ck
____________ ______ _______
..
S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le .
100 w o r k e r s
100 w o r k e r s
2 0-99
100 w o r k e r s
100 w o r k e r s
2 0 -9 9
100 w o r k e r s
2 0 -9 9
w orkers
or m ore
or m ore
w ork ers
or m ore
or m ore
w ork ers
or m ore
N u m ber A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e ra g e N u m b er A v e r a g e
of
h o u r ly
of
h o u r ly
of
h o u r ly
of
h o u r ly
of
h o u r ly
of
h o u r ly
of
h o u r ly
of
h o u r ly
w o r k e r s ea rn in g s w o r k e r s e a rn in g s w o r k e r s ea rn in g s w o r k e r s ea rn in g s w o r k e r s e a rn in g s w o r k e r s ea rn in g s w o r k e r s e a rn in g s w o r k e r s e a rn in g s
471
353
48
24
1,2 7 6
440
214
2, 175
97
121
67
125
1 ,7 6 9
136
1,6 6 8
707
145
350
$ 3.01
2. 96
3. 15
3. 62
3. 49
3. 13
3 .0 1
2. 78
2. 64
2. 73
3. 62
2. 18
3. 77
3. 61
3. 67
2. 94
3. 19
3. 10
1 ,8 8 3
1 ,0 5 6
587
448
3, 337
1, 138
193
2, 180
385
307
405
365
1 ,2 3 4
252
608
907
328
762
$ 3 . 14
3. 05
3. 27
3. 69
3. 52
3. 32
3. 07
2. 77
2. 77
2 .8 7
3 .6 9
2. 47
3. 56
3. 57
3. 44
3. 05
3. 27
3. 11
23
48
24
64
38
26
-
369
3. 38
571
3. 34
201
172
73
690
181
321
3.
2.
3.
2.
2.
2.
08
81
78
98
70
96
358
162
401
634
110
318
3. 52
2 .8 6
2. 03
3. 15
3. 30
2. 81
3. 52
2. 71
107
275
129
6 ,0 5 9
4 ,0 8 6
1 ,9 7 3
1, 301
926
111
59
47
2 ,7 9 6
1 ,9 0 4
892
770
302
$ 3.20
-
$ 2.55
63
63
_
_
234
71
22
266
12
16
254
14
221
127
16
40
$ 2.22
2. 40
2. 50
2. 00
3. 12
1. 98
3. 12
2. 86
2. 62
2. 22
2. 58
2. 39
259
184
53
27
387
112
22
123
92
44
38
48
190
20
35
170
23
152
$ 2.59
2. 61
2. 74
3. 10
2. 96
2. 77
2. 57
2. 15
2. 28
2 .2 3
3. 21
1. 97
2. 94
3. 11
2. 82
2. 47
2 .8 1
2. 52
9
9
3. 20
123
3. 62
137
3. 81
39
2. 45
58
2. 64
3 .0 2
3 .0 3
3. 68
3. 17
2. 64
3. 35
8
25
-
3. 31
2. 93
-
76
24
103
23
38
3. 50
3 .6 5
3 .6 2
3 .4 2
3. 37
99
23
161
86
6
23
3 .4 3
3 .2 9
3 .8 9
3 .9 5
3. 34
4. 07
20
14
42
34
2. 47
2. 68
.
2. 60
2. 55
31
30
_
156
48
80
2. 33
2. 35
_
2. 36
2. 15
2. 54
39
22
40
112
36
40
2 .6 8
2 .6 5
2 .9 9
2 .4 5
2 .4 0
2. 77
3. 37
3 .2 2
2. 00
3. 36
3 .4 7
3. 13
3 .4 8
2 .9 1
-
-
-
-
23
487
311
176
191
88
4 .0 5
3. 33
3. 50
3. 03
3. 36
3. 00
37
63
22
1 ,0 6 6
934
132
230
250
4 .0 3
3. 24
2. 33
3 .8 0
3 .8 1
3 .6 9
3 .6 1
3. 26
8
209
94
115
2 .8 0
2. 77
2 .9 2
2 .6 6
453
324
129
70
2. 72
2 .8 3
2. 44
2 .4 7
20
19
45
897
490
407
102
247
2. 34
2. 50
1 .8 4
2 .8 2
2. 85
2. 79
2. 70
2. 53
-
31
-
3. 29
585
190
233
174
793
356
38
644
86
104
145
92
291
42
198
116
57
142
84
72
19
128
40
215
13
57
18
46
35
10
29
3. 67
3. 05
3. 17
3. 29
3.35
3.33
$ 3 . 27
3. 39
3. 12
3. 28
3. 58
3. 58
3. 26
3. 30
2 .9 4
3. 11
4. 17
3. 74
4. 57
3. 13
3. 39
3. 22
$ 3.39
150
70
16
12
319
105
38
611
17
36
494
46
541
143
28
85
3.44
3.44
3. 76
3. 94
3 .4 6
3 .4 4
3. 14
3 .4 1
3. 46
3 .8 5
2. 73
4. 04
3. 94
3. 85
3. 28
3. 55
3 .6 3
2.53
_
3. 03
2. 96
2. 71
2. 16
2. 05
3. 26
3. 19
2. 78
2. 52
2. 57
2 .6 3
*
-
-
2.22
_
_
2.97
Tabic 5.
Occupational averages:
By establishment size-----Continued
(N u m b er and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 1 o f m en in s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s ta b lis h m e n ts by s iz e o f e s ta b lis h m e n t,
U nited S ta tes and r e g io n s , O c t o b e r 1969)
Southw est
G re a t L a k es
M id d le W est
M ountain
E s ta b lis h m e n ts with—
O ccu p a tion
______
C ra n e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b r id g e 2 __
U n der 20 t o n s _____ ____________________ ____ ___
20 to n s and o v e r _________ _____ _________ ______
E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in ten a n ce _____________________
F it t e r s , str u c t u r a l ______________________________
F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
___
F r ic t io n - s a w in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
H e lp e r s , g e n e ra l
___
H e lp e r s , p u n c h -s h e a r ............ ....................... ............
H e lp e r s , p u n c h -p r e s s _ _________________________
I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A _______________ ______________
J a n i t o r s ____________________________________________
L a y -o u t - m e n , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l __________________
M a c h in is t s , m a in te n a n ce __________ ____________
M e c h a n ic a, g e n e r a l ______________________________
P a in t e r s , ro u g h , s p ra y
_ ___ _
P o w e r -b r a k e o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l _
P o w e r -s h e a r o p e r a t o r s
_
_
P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , str u c tu r a l s t e e l,
c l a s s A __________________________________________
P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l,
c l a s s B ____________________________________ ____
S to ck c l e r k s _______________________________________
T e m p la te m a k e r s _________________________________
T r u c k d r iv e r s 3 ______________________________ ____
M ed iu m ( l l /2 t o and in clu d in g 4 ton s)
H ea vy (o v e r 4 t o n s , t r a il e r ty p e)
H ea v y (o v e r 4 t o n s , o th er than t r a il e r
ty p e) --------------------------------------- ------ --------- --------T r u c k e r s , p o w e r ( f o r k l i f t ) ______________________
W a t c h m e n __ _______________________________________
W e ld e r s , h a n d _______________________ _____________
C la s s A _______________ ____ ____ _____ ___________
C la s s B _________________________________________
W e ld e r s , m a ch in e ( a r c o r g a s) _________________
W e ld e r s , t a c k _______ ____________________________
100 w o r k e r s
100 w o r k e r s
100 w o r k e r s
100 w o r k e r s
100 w o r k e r s
2 0 -9 9
275^99
2 0 -9 9
or m ore
or m ore
w ork ers
o r m ore
or m ore
w ork ers
or m ore
w ork ers
N um ber A v e ra g e N um ber A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e
h o u r ly
of
h o u r ly
of
h o u r ly
of
h o u r ly
of
h o u r ly
of
h o u r ly
of
of
h o u r ly
of
h ou rly
w o r k e r s ea rn in gs w o r k e r s e a rn in g s w o r k e r s ea rn in g s w o r k e r s ea rn in g s w o r k e r s ea rn in g s w o r k e r s e a rn in g s w o r k e r s ea rn in g s w o r k e r s ea rn in g s
32
27
_
_
108
49
33
182
20
17
35
213
69
103
15
33
$ 2 . 18
1 .9 9
_
2. 88
2. 64
2. 39
1. 99
2. 29
3. 26
1. 79
3. 06
2. 80
2. 28
2. 82
2. 34
245
162
83
57
660
128
24
294
68
71
45
59
122
42
21
143
42
116
* 2 . 75
2. 57
3. 11
3. 38
3. 21
3. 05
2. 72
2. 23
2. 33
2. 20
3. 37
1. 89
3. 11
3. 24
2. 74
2 .9 3
2. 78
2. 67
81
76
_
220
106
62
461
10
12
40
245
27
318
113
33
69
21
2. 59
95
2 .8 3
37
13
23
124
49
56
2. 52
1 .9 5
61
25
31
98
42
19
2 .4 7
2. 61
3. 02
2. 53
2. 53
2. 76
30
18
12
122
30
57
-
2. 20
2. 22
2. 30
' -
-
-
-
458
262
196
26
69
2. 62
2. 87
2 .2 9
2. 64
2. 18
.
13
34
1,151
905
246
175
159
2.
1.
3.
3.
2.
3.
2.
83
85
21
33
75
11
52
26
-
642
404
238
63
$ 3 . 15
3. 13
_
3. 63
3. 27
3. 23
2. 90
2. 79
4. 04
2. 54
3. 97
3. 70
3. 62
3. 19
3. 09
3. 36
384
273
109
101
680
198
78
415
74
43
86
89
226
52
144
236
140
195
$ 3 . 30
3. 26
3. 36
3. 82
3 .6 2
3 .4 3
3. 13
2. 81
2. 99
3. 16
3. 72
2. 85
3 .4 6
3. 47
3. 31
3. 21
3 .4 0
3. 35
3. 27
154
2.
2.
3.
3.
3.
3.
93
99
67
63
59
62
91
39
98
145
7
119
3. 74
-
14
115
11
1 ,7 1 6
920
796
238
148
-
3. 39
3 .4 8
3. 23
3. 31
83
33
57
$ 3 . 10
3. 10
3. 20
3 .4 3
3 .2 9
3. 15
3. 21
2. 48
2. 70
2 .8 4
3. 51
2. 34
3. 37
3. 48
.
3. 14
3. 16
3. 12
22
17
.
8
105
38
140
9
9
82
6
57
20
17
$ 3 . 06
3. 00
_
3 .6 2
3. 53
3. 22
2. 90
3. 45
2. 62
3. 24
3 .4 6
3. 21
3. 03
3. 05
3. 32
36
3. 38
15
3. 04
“
3. 10
3 .0 8
3. 79
3 .6 3
2. 98
3. 67
24
13
30
55
.
36
3 .0 2
3. 11
3. 52
3. 15
.
3. 26
_
10
26
11
10
_
3 .0 6
.
3. 11
2. 96
3. 24
20
17
3. 80
3. 34
2. 54
3 .4 3
3 .4 9
3. 37
3 .4 7
3. 11
13
6
394
222
172
78
43
_
3 .0 1
2. 13
3. 16
3 .2 7
3. 01
3. 35
2. 82
.
-
1 E x clu d e s p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts .
2 In clu d e s w o r k e r s o p e r a tin g c r a n e s o f both s iz e c a t e g o r ie s a s w e ll a s th o s e fo r w h ich data a r e show n s e p a r a t e ly .
3 In clu d e s a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and ty p e o f tru c k o p era ted .
NOTE:
D a s h e s in d ic a te no data r e p o r t e d o r data that do not m eet p u b lica tio n c r it e r ia .
147
64
60
21
284
107
15
117
39
22
43
35
71
27
124
92
-
130
59
53
_
219
26
172
18
195
20
76
114
20
38
S 3 .7 6
3. 75
_
_
4. 34
4. 17
3. 35
3. 40
4. 49
4. 32
4. 21
3. 89
4. 27
4. 11
134
83
36
252
135
182
16
15
33
18
131
28
69
78
17
45
S 3 . 74
3. 76
_
4 .4 0
4 . 20
3 .8 6
3. 37
3. 18
3. 30
4. 26
2 .9 7
4. 36
4. 34
3. 90
3. 82
3 .8 2
3. 78
-
63
3 .8 3
56
.
.
3. 70
3 .9 5
3. 68
-
10
16
29
45
_
-
3.
3.
4.
4.
.
.
_
.
23
-
4. 11
-
11
23
4. 15
3. 66
.
.
2. 99
3 .0 5
-
3 .4 0
-
277
253
.
245
-
3 .8 0
3 .8 9
.
4 . 25
-
.
406
355
51
250
65
4.
4.
4.
4.
3.
57
90
19
14
13
14
04
19
55
s
T a b le
6.
O c c u p a t io n a l
a v e r a g e s:
By
la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t
con tra ct
cov era g e
(N u m b er and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 1 o f m en in s e le c t e d o cc u p a tio n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s ta b lis h m e n ts by la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t c o n t r a c t c o v e r a g e ,
U n ited S ta tes and s e le c t e d r e g io n s , O c t o b e r 1969)
N ew England
U nited S tates 2
M id d le A tla n tic
S outheast
E s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith —
O ccu p a tion
C ra n e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b rid g e 3------------------------------------------- --------- —
— — — ----U n d er 20 ton s _
__
20 ton s and o v e r ___________________________________________
E le c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e — _ ------------------ __ ----------F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l —
— —
F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ---- — — ------ —
F r ic t io n - s a w in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s -----------------------------------H e lp e r s , g e n e r a l —
--------H e lp e r s , p o w e r - s h e a r
—
—
—
- —
H e lp e r s , p u n c h - p r e s s — ----- ------------------- ------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A __________________________________________
J a n it o r s —
----—
— _
------------- —
B a y -o u t m e n , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l - ------- --------------- ------------M a c h in is t s , m a in t e n a n c e -----------------------------------------------------M e c h a n ic s , g e n e r a l ______—__________________________________
P a in t e r s , rou g h , s p r a y — —
___
— __
___
P o w e r -b r a k e o p e r a t o r s , s t r u ctu ra l s t e e l ----------------------P o w e r - s h e a r o p e r a t o r s --------------------------------------------------------P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l, c l a s s A ----------P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l, c l a s s B ----------S to ck c l e r k s - —
___
____________ — --------- —
T e m p la te m a k e r s _____________________________________________
T r u c k d r iv e r s 4
—
— __
_______ ________
M ed iu m (1 \
t o and in clu d in g 4 t o n s ) . ----- -----------------H ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s , t r a il e r ty pe)
—
—
H ea v y ( o v e r 4 to n s , o t h e r than t r a ile r t y p e ) --------------T r u c k e r s , p o w e r ( f o r k l i f t ) ---------------------------------------------------W a t c h m e n ______________________________________________________
W ftld e r s , h a n d ________________________________________________
la s s A _____________________________________________________
f] la s s R _____________________________________________
W e ld e r s , m a ch in e ( a r c o r g a s ) -------------------------------------------W e ld e r s , ta ck
—
------------------------------------ -------
See fo o t n o t e s at end o f table,
M a jo r it y
cov ered
N u m ber
A v era g e
h o u r ly
of
e a rn in g s
w ork ers
1, 929
1 ,0 9 5
546
432
3, 592
1, 284
287
3, 832
335
308
388
360
2, 327
335
1, 849
1, 139
395
825
767
434
225
4 28
848
130
450
171
290
100
6, 136
4 , 385
1 ,7 5 1
1, 745
916
$ 3 . 25
3. 21
3. 30
3. 71
3. 63
3 .4 1
3. 22
2. 85
2. 95
3. 05
3. 76
2. 54
3. 85
3. 67
3. 76
3. 19
3. 33
3. 29
3. 50
3. 21
3. 09
3. 76
3 .4 1
3. 10
3. 39
3. 66
3. 24
2. 16
3 .4 6
3. 54
3. 25
3. 62
3. 04
N on e o r m in o r
ity c o v e r e d
A v era g e
N u m ber
h o u r ly
of
w ork ers
e a rn in g s
4 25
314
89
40
1 021
294
120
523
147
120
84
130
676
53
427
475
78
287
173
125
109
46
476
161
189
47
44
76
2, 719
1, 605
1, 114
326
312
$2.
2.
3.
3.
3.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
3.
1.
3.
3.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
3.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
1.
2.
3.
2.
2.
2.
50
39
00
44
10
66
61
20
26
28
33
99
11
03
95
55
83
57
69
45
55
06
47
33
60
67
59
81
92
08
68
80
31
M a jo r it y
cov ered
N u m b er
A v era ge
of
h o u r ly
w ork ers
ea rn in g s
32
16
16
74
26
88
161
20
126
53
13
28
9
41
11
25
186
148
38
40
$ 3 . 32
3. 62
3. 01
3. 45
3. 34
3. 19
3. 87
3. 65
3. 49
3. 34
3 .4 3
3. 52
3. 32
3. 22
3 .4 6
3. 08
3. 55
3. 60
3. 39
3. 44
M a jo r it y
cov ered
N u m b er
A v era g e
of
h o u r ly
w ork ers
ea rn in g s
735
260
249
185
1 ,0 8 9
461
67
1, 237
103
133
158
99
746
87
733
245
85
217
259
172
43
185
180
29
55
57
64
37
1 ,4 0 9
1, 149
260
4 17
324
$ 3 . 37
3 .4 3
3. 42
3. 73
3. 85
3. 49
3 .4 1
3. 22
3. 34
3. 38
3. 87
2. 71
4. 16
3. 84
4. 38
3. 22
3 .4 9
3. 51
3. 72
3 .4 7
3. 17
3. 86
3. 81
3 .4 0
3. 72
4. 09
3. 24
2. 20
3. 71
3. 78
3. 40
3. 50
3. 21
M a jo r it y
cov ered
N u m ber
A v era g e
of
h o u r ly
w ork ers
e a rn in g s
142
107
23
264
62
11
262
30
21
28
24
152
25
171
89
28
57
26
22
22
25
110
9
80
13
506
4 16
90
34
170
$ 2 . 86
2. 81
3. 10
3. 02
2. 98
2. 87
2. 09
2. 44
2. 31
3. 20
2. 00
3.
3.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
3.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
3.
2.
2.
2.
22
04
72
51
74
66
96
86
76
14
62
51
72
74
98
03
78
98
72
N on e o r m in o r
ity c o v e r e d
N u m ber
A v era g e
of
h o u r ly
ea rn in g s
w ork ers
180
140
18
357
121
33
127
66
38
22
40
292
9
208
11
135
71
48
30
20
158
75
40
20
11
35
844
398
446
138
108
$ 2 . 25
2. 28
2. 28
2. 92
2 .4 5
2 .4 2
1 .9 6
2. 19
2. 10
3. 17
1 .9 6
2. 95
2 .9 1
2. 30
2. 64
2 .4 3
2 .4 2
2. 38
2. 27
2. 80
2. 25
2. 23
2 .4 0
2. 34
2. 15
1. 78
2. 67
2. 64
2 .6 9
2. 52
2. 04
T a b le 6 .
O c c u p a t io n a l a verag es:
B y la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t c o n tr a c t c o v e r a g e —
C o n tin u e d
(N u m ber and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 1 o f m en in s e le c t e d o cc u p a tio n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s te e l e s ta b lis h m e n ts b y la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t c o n t r a c t c o v e r a g e ,
U n ited Sta tes and s e le c t e d r e g io n s , O c t o b e r 1969)
Southw e st
M id d le W est
G re a t L a k es
M oun tain
P a c if i c
M a jo r it y
covered
A v era ge
N u m b er
of
h o u r ly
ea rn in g s
w ork ers
M a jo r it y
covered
N u m ber
A v era ge
of
h o u r ly
w ork ers
ea rn in g s
E s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith —
O cc u p a tio n
C ra n e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b r id g e 3--------------------------------------U n der 20 t o n s _________ ___________________ _____ ______
20 ton s and o v e r ___
_______________________________ —
E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in t e n a n c e ------- -----------------------------------------F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l___________________________________________
F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s __________________________
F r ic t io n - s a w in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
__ ------- ------- ----H e lp e r s , g e n e r a l ______ ___ _______ _____
___ __ __ __
H e lp e r s , p o w e r -s h e a r __ __ __ __
__ __ ___ __ ___
H e lp e r s , p u n c h -p r e s s _____ _______________________________
I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A __________________________________________
J a n it o r s _____ ________ _____ ___________________ __________
L a y -o u t m e n , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l -------------------------------------- __
M a c h in is t s , m a in t e n a n c e ____________________________________
M e c h a n ic s , g e n e r a l ----------------------------------------------------------------__
_____ — ___
— ----P a in t e r s , rou g h , s p r a y
P o w e r -b r a k e o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l -------------------------P o w e r -s h e a r o p e r a t o r s _________________________________ P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l, c l a s s A ----------P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l, c l a s s B ----------S to ck c l e r k s — - ---------------------------------- ------------- — __
T e m p la te m a k e r s ____________________________________ ______
T r u c k d r iv e r s 4 _________________________________________________
M ed iu m ( 1 \
to and in clu d in g 4 t o n s ) ------ ------ ---------H ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s , t r a il e r ty p e) __
_ _ __
H ea v y (o v e r 4 to n s, o th e r than t r a il e r t y p e ) ---------------T ru ck e rs , pow er (fo r k lift)—
_ _ _ _ _
W a tch m en _____________________________ _____________ _____
_____
___
__ __
W e l d e r s , hand
_ _.
Cla s s A --------------- ---------------- ------------------C la s s B _______________________________________________________
W e ld e r s , m a ch in e ( a r c o r g a s ) ---------- -----------------W e ld e r s , ta ck —
_
__
1
2
3
4
M a jo rity
cov ered
N u m b er
A v e ra g e
of
h o u r ly
w ork ers
ea rn in g s
128
93
35
314
80
24
342
46
51
32
42
165
34
-
79
31
79
61
48
19
18
70
30
34
-
461
380
81
89
71
$ 2 . 68
2. 57
2. 95
3. 08
3. 02
2. 73
2. 18
2. 41
2. 36
3 .4 1
1. 84
3. 21
3. 24
-
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
62
83
68
92
66
44
98
61
50
75
None, o r m in o r
ity c o v e r e d
A v era ge
N u m b er
h o u r ly
of
ea rn in g s
w ork ers
149
96
53
32
4 54
97
33
134
44
40
30
52
170
25
82
167
26
70
55
26
29
18
152
61
41
-
-
-
10
35
1, 148
787
361
112
157
3.
3.
2.
3.
2.
03
11
67
21
48
$2.
2.
3.
3.
3.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
3.
1.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
3.
2.
2.
2.
69
40
23
47
22
87
38
04
00
05
27
87
95
88
74
67
74
50
65
15
20
01
22
29
14
-
2. 38
1. 86
3. 05
3. 29
2. 52
2. 92
2. 39
M a jo r it y
covered
A v era g e
N u m b er
h o u r ly
of
e a rn in g s
w ork ers
458
342
1 14
106
859
283
1 15
842
72
47
94
1 18
448
75
401
337
150
242
191
101
45
109
2 24
25
154
36
121
24
2. 178
1, 204
974
301
171
E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts .
In clu d e s data fo r the B o r d e r Sta tes in a ddition to th ose show n se p a r a te ly .
In clu d e s w o r k e r s o p e r a tin g c r a n e s o f both s iz e c a t e g o r ie s as w e ll a s th o se fo r w h ich data a r e show n s e p a r a t e ly .
In clu d e s a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and type o f tru c k o p era ted .
NOTE:
D a s h es in d ic a t e n o data r e p o r t e d o r data that d o not m e e t p u b lica tio n c r it e r ia .
$3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
2.
3.
3.
3.
2.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
2.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
28
24
37
89
63
41
25
85
03
15
78
81
73
59
49
21
41
37
31
12
08
77
69
46
73
76
32
50
45
51
37
44
13
M a jo r it y
cov ered
A vera g e
N u m ber
of
h o u r ly
w ork ers
e a rn in g s
138
59
50
19
290
106
18
275
29
13
29
29
95
27
79
68
26
60
29
21
15
25
57
-
32
-
9
12
446
287
159
114
49
$3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
2.
2.
2.
3.
2.
3.
3.
3.
2.
3.
3.
3.
3.
2.
3.
3.
04
05
13
36
23
14
14
39
59
92
43
34
30
48
08
99
09
04
32
00
94
39
13
-
3. 27
-
3.
2.
3.
3.
2.
3.
2.
06
00
08
18
91
39
77
28
23
-
8
110
60
15
221
12
9
149
6
174
32
20
33
30
8
17
39
14
17
-
-
216
184
-
190
$ 3 . 00
2. 95
-
3. 62
3. 52
3. 21
3. 16
2. 84
3. 54
2. 67
3. 30
3 .4 6
3. 07
3. 08
2. 83
3. 12
2. 89
3. 22
2. 91
3. 19
2. 97
3. 50
-
-
3. 17
3. 23
-
3. 34
193
136
26
36
471
161
11
333
28
27
35
19
326
48
145
189
37
83
137
30
33
54
83
34
31
-
596
545
51
495
97
$ 3 . 75
3. 76
3. 67
4. 40
4 . 27
3. 91
4 . 02
3 .4 1
3. 44
3 .4 8
4. 30
3. 00
4. 44
4. 33
4. 07
3. 88
4. 06
3. 93
3. 91
3. 65
3. 93
4. 28
4 . 07
-
4 . 13
-
3. 68
-
4.
4.
4.
4.
3.
13
14
04
22
53
T a b le
7.
O c c u p a t io n a l
e a r n in g s :
B i r m in g h a m , A l a . 1
(N u m ber and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e le c t e d o cc u p a tio n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1969)
O cc u p a tio n
A l l p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s 3 -
Num
ber
of
w ork
ers
A v er
age
h ou rly
ea rn m gs 2
1. 226
$ 2 . 89
NUMBER OF W0RKEB8 RECEIVING 8TRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
U n der
$ 2 . 00
$ 2 . 00
and
und er
$ 2 . 10
$ 2 . 20
$ 2 . 30
$ 2 .4 0
$ 2 . 50
$ 2 . 60
$ 2 . 70
$ 2 . 80
$ 2 . 90
$ 3 . 00
$ 3 . 10
$ 3 . 20
$ 3 . 30
$ 3 .4 0
$ 3 . 50
$ 2 . 10
$ 2 . 20
$ 2 . 30
$ 2 .4 0
$ 2 .5 0
$ 2 . 60
$ 2 . 70
$ 2 . 80
$ 2 .9 0
$ 3 . 00
$ 3 . 10
$ 3 . 20
$ 3 . 30
$ 3 .4 0
$ 3 . 50
$ 3 . 60
$ 3 ,6 0
and
19
4
1
3
32
12
106
199
118
119
52
150
234
61
77
5
10
24
_
4
6
-
45
15
4
20
6
-
3
37
27
20
-
.
9
-
4
_
1
-
_
1
_
1
-
_
_
_
_
_
1
-
_
_
_
-
4
i
4
1
3
46
42
4
-
1
89
89
5
2
2
8
8
_
1
.
_
3
_
.
-
.
.
.
-
.
.
4
.
_
-
_
-
S e le c t e d p r o d u c tio n o c c u p a t io n s 3
C ran e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b rid g e 4 5 ___________
U nder 20 t o n s .
—
____________ _____
E le c t r i c i a n s , m a in ten a n ce
_ ------F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l________________________________
F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
H e lp e r s , p o w e r -s h e a r _ —
H e lp e r s , p u n c h -p r e s s
L a y -o u t m e n , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l ___________________
P a in t e r s , rou g h , sp ra y
P o w e r -s h e a r o p e ra to rs
---- ----- —
P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , stru ctu ra l
s t e e l, c l a s s B
—
—
—
----- —
S to ck c le r k s
T em p la te m a k e r s
— _
----T r u c k d r iv e r s ____ —
------_
T r u c k e r s , p o w e r ( f o r k l i f t ) ----------------------------------W e ld e r s , hand — _____ —
----------------------- C la s s A ..................... .............. ...... ................................
C la s s B _
----- - - W e ld e r s , m a ch in e (a r c o r g a s ) __________________
W e ld e r s , ta ck
1
2
3
4
5
77
44
12
105
33
22
12
23
13
22
2.
2.
3.
2.
3.
2.
2.
3.
2.
2.
92
87
18
98
12
55
51
18
84
81
.
-
.
-
.
-
.
1
-
-
4
4
-
6
6
-
12
2
-
25
22
30
5
7
7
5
6
17
10
7
8
13
14
149
143
6
9
85
2. 88
3 .0 2
3. 24
2 .9 2
2. 65
3. 09
3. 11
2. 72
2. 96
2. 74
-
1
1
1
-
1
1
1
3
1
2
-
4
4
-
8
2
31
4
1
1
3
4
2
2
49
T h e B irm in g h a m S tandard M e tr o p o lita n S ta tis tica l A r e a c o n s is t s o f J e ffe r s o n , S h elb y , and W a lk er C o u n tie s.
E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts .
V ir t u a lly a ll p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s w e re m en ; data fo r s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s w e r e lim it e d to m en w o r k e r s .
In clu d e s data fo r w o r k e r s in c la s s ific a t io n in addition to those show n s e p a r a te ly .
In clu d e s a ll o p e r a t o r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e o f cr a n e op erated .
.
_
-
T a b le
8.
O c c u p a tio n a l
e a r n in g s :
C h i c a g o , 111.1
(N u m b er and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e le c t e d o cc u p a tio n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s te e l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1969)
N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV I N G S T R A I G H T -T I M E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S O F —
$ 2 . 2 0 $2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $ 2 . 9 0 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 $4.30 $4.40 $4.5 0 $4.6
Under and
anc
$2 . 2 0 under
of
.orkon
______
hourly
earning*
1 ,8 0 0
$ 3 . 36
21
17
18
2
10
15
66
119
110
153
171
177
164
105
166
79
52
16
105
29
17
216
9
3. 26
3. 25
4. 11
3 .6 9
3. 54
3. 32
2 . 88
3. 80
_
-
_
-
.
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
4
4
_
-
_
-
23
30
21
6
19
19
2
2
.
_
_
11
8
_
-
2
2
6
21
6
3
17
2
3
3
-
-
53
4. 01
M e c h a n ic s , g e n e r a l
43
3! 76
P o w e r -s h e a r o p e r a t o r s _______ __________
P u n c h -p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s t r u ctu ra l
s t e e l, c l a s s A __________ ______________
P u n c h -p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , str u c t u r a l
s t e e l, c l a s s B _______ _ ------------------T e m p la te m a k e r s _________________________
T r u c k d r iv e r s 8 _____________________________
H ea vy (o v e r 4 t o n s , t r a il e r t y p e ) --------
51
3. 48
29
O ccu p a tion
$2.30 $2.40 $2.40 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2-90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $ 3 .?0 $4.00 $4.10 $4.40 $4.30 $4.40 $ 4 ,?0 $4.6 0
A l l p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s
3
_______ ________
S e le c te d p r o d u c tio n o c c u p a t io n s
C ra n e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b r i d g e . 5_____
U nder 20 t o n s .._________________ ________
E l e c t r i c i a n s , m a in te n a n ce ...........................
F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l ________ ______________
F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ..........
F r ic t io n - s a w in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
H e lp e r s , g e n e ra l
I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A ____________ _______
-
.
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
6
8
1
-
-
-
8
15
38
52
51
28
2
17
L a y -o u t m e n , s t r u c t u r a l s te e l
44
164
30
79
2
-
9
-
8
7
23
3
-
_________
W e ld e r s , hand ______ ______________________
W e ld e r s , m a ch in e ( a r c o r g a s ) _________
14
5
7
15
.
_
4
4
-
_
-
2
4
-
.
-
_
2
‘ 6
3
74
3
25
_
1
4
3
-
2
_
9
4
6
2
6
4
8
2
2
2
5
6
6
8
.
2
_
_
3
_
3
15
1
.
1
-
-
_
_
.
.
-
_
_
3. 44
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
2
8
2
4
3
3
-
5
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
9
19
38
26
3 .4 3
3. 91
4. 01
4. 08
-
.
-
-
-
.
-
-
-
.
3
-
3
3
1
2
_
1
_
5
-
2
.
_
2
.
-
7
18
10
.
.
2
.
_
-
.
_
_
_
256
24
3. 52
3. 58
_
1
1
_
_
9
13
10
27
1
26
41
1
9
1
74
8
3
5
_
_
-
*
3
2
1
-
25
10
4
*
-
-
-
3
-
-
9
2 .9 5
-
-
-
*
*
-
2
1
2
_
_
1
-
-
8
2
_
8
1
5
4
3
-
3
*
-
1
-
-
-
2
T h e C h ica g o Sta n da rd M e tr o p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C ook , D u P a g e , K a n e, L a k e , M c H e n r y , and W ill C o u n tie s.
E x clu d e s p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ifts.
A ll p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s w e r e m e n .
A ll o r a m a jo r it y o f the w o r k e r s in e a ch o cc u p a tio n w e re tim e w o r k e r s .
In clu d es a ll o p e r a t o r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e o f cr a n e o p e r a te d .
W o r k e r s w e r e d is tr ib u te d a s fo l lo w s : 2 at $ 4 . 90 to $ 5 and 4 at $5 to $ 5 . 10.
W o r k e r s w e r e d is tr ib u te d a s fo l lo w s : 3 at $ 4 .6 0 to $ 4 . 70 and 1 at $ 4 . 70 to $ 4 . 80.
In clu d e s a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and type o f t r u c k o p era ted .
In clu d es data f o r w o r k e r s in c l a s s i fic a t i o n in a d d ition t o th o se shown s e p a r a t e ly .
44
1
.
3
3
11
5
S e le c t e d o ff ic e o c c u p a t io n s — w om en
C le r k s , p a y r o ll ___________________________
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
59
4
1
16
16
1
T a b ic
9.
O c c u p a t io n a l
e a r n in g s :
C le v e la n d , O h i o 1
(N u m b er and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a tio n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1969)
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g
O cc u p a tio n
A l l p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s 3
N u m b er
A v e ra g e
of
h o u r ly
U n der
w o r k e r s ea rn in gs 2
$ 2 . 90
o f—
$ 2 . 90
and
under
$ 3 . 00
$ 3 . 00
$ 3 . 10
$ 3 . 20
$ 3 . 30 $ 3 . 4 0
$ 3 .T O $ 3 .6 0
$ 3 . 70
$ 3 . 80
$ 3 .9 0
$ 4 . 00
$ 4 . 10
$ 4 . 20
$ 4 . 30
$ 4 .4 0
$ 4 . 50
$ 4 . 60
$ 3 . 10
$ 3 . 20
$ 3 . 30
$ 3 .4 0
$ 3 . 50
$ 3 . 60
$ 3 . 70
$ 3 . 80
$ 3 . 90
$ 4 . 00
$ 4 . 10
$ 4 . 20
$ 4 . 30
$ 4 .4 0
$ 4 . 50
$ 4 . 60
over
and
639
$ 3 .3 6
21
75
38
85
93
75
49
49
49
11
28
32
8
6
-
5
1
8
6
36
33
65
21
12
31
26
8
18
3. 28
3. 25
3. 72
3. 37
3 .3 6
3. 75
3 .2 1
3 .5 1
3. 36
_
.
-
.
_
-
.
-
10
10
.
2
2
13
-
10
10
8
3
9
8
11
11
_
3
2
1
3
2
2
2
2
.
3
3
1
2
7
2
_
18
1
1
4
1
1
1
20
3
1
10
3
-
_
1
1
.
_
13
1
7
-
.
11
7
.
_
1
_
_
2
.
.
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
.
-
21
8
25
55
19
36
37
11
3. 19
3 .7 4
4 .0 4
3. 38
3 .4 0
3 .3 8
3. 36
3. 12
-
-
9
.
8
10
18
8
10
14
2
4
14
3
11
9
“
14
5
9
6
2
5
1
4
7
2
4
2
2
1
.
_
_
1
.
.
_
3
6
_
_
_
7
_
_
.
-
.
.
.
.
.
_
.
.
.
.
4
.
_
_
.
.
.
.
.
_
.
.
4
_
_
_
.
.
_
.
_
.
“
3
'
*
-
-
*
*
-
-
-
-
*
-
11
2. 56
5 10
-
-
-
*
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
*
-
-
S e le c t e d p r o d u c tio n o c c u p a tio n s 3
C ran e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b r id g e 4
___ _____
U n der 20 ton s _
F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l
~ ..
----------F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
F r ic t io n - s a w in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s
-|
L a y -o u t m e n , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l _________ _____________
P a in t e r s , ro u g h , s p ra y
P o w e r -b r a k e o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l __________
P o w e r -s h e a r o p e r a t o r s
P u n ch -p re s s o p e r a to r s , stru ctu ra l
s t e e l, c l a s s A ________________________________________
T e m p la te m a k e r s
T r u c k d r iv e r s -----------------------------------------------------------------W e ld e r s , hand
C la s s A C la s s B .
W e ld e r s , m a ch in e (a r c o r g a s )
W e ld e r s , ta ck
S e le c t e d o f f ic e o c c u p a t io n s — w om en
C le r k s , g e n e r a l
-
1 The Cleveland Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area consists of Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, and Medina Counties.
2 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
1 All production workers were men.
4 Includes all operators regardless of size of crane operated.
4 The workers were distributed as follows: 2 at $2 to $2. 10; 1 at $2. 30 to $2.40; and 7 at $2.40 to $2. 50.
-
T a b ic
10.
O c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s :
D e tr o it, M ic h .1
(N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e le c t e d o cc u p a tio n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s t a b lis h m e n t s ,
O ccu p a tion
A l l p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s -----------
(O c t o b e r 19 69 )
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
T io n T $on n o n n o n
$2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 $4.00 $4710 HT20 i o n
A™,J.
hourly , Under and
and
earnings $2.50 under
$2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 $4.30 $4.40 $4.50 $4.60 $4.70 $4.80 $4.90| o v e r
non-
of
workers
1, 964
$ 3 . 63
38
9
9
8
18
-
-
-
-
-
110
33
69
-
-
144
23
160
286
98
157
_
5
5
8
11
11
383
92
68
164
34
S e le c t e d p r o d u c t io n o c c u p a t io n s :
C ra n e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b r id g e 4—
U nder 20 t o n s -------------------------------F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l
F r i c t i o n - saw ing -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s —
H e lp e r s , g e n e r a l ----------------------------------J a n i t o r s ---------------------------------------------------L a y -o u t - m e n , s t r u c t u r a l s te e l
P a in t e r s , rou g h , s p r a y ------------P o w e r - sh e a r o p e r a t o r s P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , str u c tu r a l
s t e e l, c l a s s A ---------------------------------T r u c k d r iv e r s 6H eavy (o v e r 4 ton s,
t r a il e r t y p e ) ------W e ld e r s , hand -----------C la s s A ------------------C la s s B -------------------
43
31
no
10
41
18
59
79
25
26
26
20
466
243
223
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
2.
4.
3.
3.
58
51
98
65
03
79
24
50
56
4
54
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
7
2
-
2
-
-
-
12
14
14
-
-
2
-
15
4
-
14
1
9
2
2
_
_
-
32
8
18
-
9
2
9
-
12
70
80
59
4
4
_
5
_
3. 66
4. 01
4.
3.
3.
3.
-
_1
34
2
1
_
_
3
8
9
5
1
4
1
214
6
208
_
_
1
4
_
4
3
5
1
81
72
9
1
1
3
_
_
10
1
-
_
28
1
_5
2
_
2
6
1
-
15
2
2
16
-
_
30
-
16
126
124
2
35
35
1
1
1
1
'
S e le c te d o f f ic e o cc u p a tio n —w om en
C le r k s , g e n e r a l C le r k s , p a y r o l l *
16
6
2 .9 1
3. 02
2
6
3
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
'
’
T he D e t r o it Standard M e tr o p o lita n S ta tistica l A r e a c o n s is t s o f M a com b , O akland, and W ayne C ou n ties.
E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s and la te sh ifts.
V ir tu a lly a ll p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s w e r e m en.
In clu d e s a ll o p e r a t o r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e o f c r a n e op era ted .
W o r k e r s w e r e d is t r ib u t e d a s fo l lo w s : 2 a t $ 1 .8 0 to $ 1 .9 0 , and 2 at $2 to $ 2 .1 0 .
In clu d e s a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and type o f tru c k op erated .
'
“
“
"
“
14
15
T a b le
11.
O c c u p a t io n a l
e a r n in g s :
H o u sto n , T e x .1
(N u m b er and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h ou rly ea rn in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1969)
O cc u p a tio n
A l l p r o d u c tio n
w o r k e r s 3 -----------------
Num
ber
of
w ork
ers
A v er
age
$ 1. 60
h ou rly
and
ea rn u nd er
in gs 2
$ 1. 70
N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g 8 o f—
$ 1. 70 T l . 80
$ 1. 90
$ 2 . 00
$ 2 . 10
$ 2 . 20
$ 2 . 30
$ 2 . 40
$ 2 . 50
$ 2. 60
$ 2 . 70
$ 2. 80
$ 2 .9 0
$ 3 . 00
$ 3 . 10
$ 3 . 20
$ 3 . 30
$ 3 . 40
$ 3 . 50
$ 3 . 60
$ 3 . 70
$ 3 . 80
$ 1. 80
$ 1 . 90
$ 2 . 00
$ 2 . 10
$ 2 . 20
$ 2 . 30
$ 2 .4 0
$ 2 . 50
$ 2 . 60
$ 2 . 70
$ 2 . 80
$ 2 . 90
$ 3 . 00
$ 3 . 10
$ 3 . 20
$ 3 . 30
$ 3 .4 0
$ 3 . 50
$ 3 . 60
$ 3 . 70
$ 3 . 80
over
8
60
99
10
72
93
51
117
64
70
101
33
59
41
42
30
35
15
29
-
-
12
12
-
_
-
_
_
-
2
2
2
2
10
10
2
2
4
4
4
4
7
7
5
5
2
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
3
3
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
1, 153 $ 2 .5 9
and
27
39
19
39
S e le c t e d p r o d u c tio n
o c c u p a tio n s
C ran e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c
b r id g e
________ _____
T im e __________________
U n der 20 t o n s ___________
T im e __________________
20 ton s and o v e r (a ll
t im e w o r k e r s )__________
F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l (a ll
t im e w o r k e r s )
F la m e -c u ttin g - m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s (a ll t im e w ork ers)
F r ic t io n - s a w i n g -m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s (a ll t im e w ork ers)
H e lp e r s , p o w e r - s h e a r —___
T im e __________________
H e lp e r s , p u n c h -p r e s s
(a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ________
J a n ito r s (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s )___________________
L a y -o u t m e n , s t r u c t u r a l
s t e e l (a ll t im e w ork ers)
P a in t e r s , rou g h , sp ra y
(a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ________
P o w e r - s h e a r o p e r a t o r s ___
T im e P u n ch -p re ss o p e r a to r s,
s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l, c la s s
A (a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ______
T r u c k d r iv e r s (a ll t im e w o r k e r s )4
M ed iu m (l% to and
in clu d in g 4 ton s)
(a ll t i m e w o r k e r s ) ------T r u c k e r s , p o w e r (a ll
t im e w o r k e r s )
- W e ld e r s , hand
T im e .
— —
C la s s A (a ll t im e w o r k e r s )— ------------C la s s B _ _ — ----T im e ---- —
W e ld e r s , ta ck
___ —
T im e.-
47
35
25
13
2. 38
2. 57
2. 13
2 .4 3
-
-
_
22
2. 66
-
84
3. 21
-
15
2. 93
-
8
34
18
2 .4 6
2 .0 3
2. 27
-
16
i4
2. 21
-
10
2. 01
-
22
3. 26
-
2. 39
2. 29
2. 52
-
16
24
16
-
-
_
_
.
.
-
_
_
_
_
8
_
2
2
3
2
2
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
9
2
9
7
6
4
12
5
9
5
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
2
_
3
2
2
1
1
_
_
2
_
-
-
-
-
-
1
11
11
-
2
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
1
2
1
1
3
5
5
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
6
1
4
-
_
_
_
-
4
-
_
5
_
-
-
-
-
• -
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
1
1
2
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
-
-
2
_
1
3
1
_
2
3
1
3
4
2
3
3
_
-
_
_
-
_
-
_
-
7
5
5
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
8
8
14
2. 56
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
5
2
2
2
_
-
2
16
2. 25
-
-
-
-
1
7
3
2
_
-
3
_
_
_
_
12
_
2
_
_
1
11
2. 17
-
-
-
-
1
5
3
2
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
9
174
142
2. 38
2. 81
2. 99
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
32
-
-
-
4
4
4
_
-
_
_
-
-
3
-
-
32
32
2
2
31
31
7
7
8
8
15
15
11
11
11
11
13
13
2
2
4
4
2
2
113
61
29
62
38
3.
2.
2.
2.
2.
-
-
-
-
-
11
11
13
4
2
-
_
_
-
_
-
-
_
_
_2
-
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
-
2
2
2
2
_
-
5
2
2
15
-
24
7
7
2
2
81
32
-
-
-
-
-
*
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
.
“
“
-
07
33
70
18
42
-
2. 26
2. 14
_
-
24
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
-
_
-
-
3
3
16
16
7
7
4
4
8
8
_
_
_
_
2
1
18
14
14
-
_
S e le c t e d o ff ic e
o c c u p a t io n s
C le r k s , g e n e r a l _____________
C le r k s , p a y r o ll
12
7
3
1
2
3
4
1
'
1 T h e H ou ston Sta n da rd M e tr o p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a c o n s is ts o f B r a z o r ia , F o r t B e n d , H a r r is ,
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te s h ifts.
3 A l l p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s w e r e m en .
4 I n clu d e s a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and type o f tru ck u s e d .
L ib e r t y , and M o n tg o m e r y C o u n tie s.
'
Table 12.
Occupational earnings:
Los Angeles—Long Beach and Anaheim—Santa Ana—Garden Grove, Calif. 1
(N u m ber and a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in gs 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e le cte d o cc u p a tio n s in fa b r ic a t e d str u c t u r a l s te e l e s ta b lis h m e n ts , O c t o b e r 1969)
O ccu p a tion
A l l p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s 3------------
Number
of
Average
hourly ,
earnings
1, 724
$3. 83
64
53
3.92
3.91
4. 51
4. 07
3. 67
3. 29
3. 14
4. 04
2. 97
4. 33
4. 29
3. 47
3. 80
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
$2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50
$3.70 $3.80 $3.90 $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 l o r w
$4.60 $4.70 $4.80
le i and
and
5C under
$2.60 82.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3,10 $3,20 $3,30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $3.7 0 $3.80 $3.90 $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 $4.30 $4.40 $4.50 $4.60 $4.70 $4.80 $4.90 o v e r
7
6
6
37
36
53
57
55
53
71
78
19
127
12
12
_
_
75
132
158
210
71
85
250
37
23
25
1
3
11
8
4
4
25
16
1
3
9
1
6
8
16
16
-
4
59
-
1
"
"
"
7
-
3
3
1
29
-
5
_
5
1
-
-
-
3
3
3
3
4
29
1
-
1
4
41
1
9
-
"
"
“
_
_
_
3
4
1
-
4
14
20
19
S e le c te d p r o d u c t io n o c c u p a tio n s 4
C ran e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c b r i d g e U nder 20 ton s ---------------------------E le c t r ic ia n s m a in te n a n ce ----------F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l-----------------------F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r ■
H e lp e r s , g e n e r a l --------------------------H e lp e r s , p u n c h - p r e s s ------------------I n s p e c t o r s , c l a s s A --------------------J a n i t o r s ------------------------------------------L a y -o u t m en , s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l -----------M a ch in ists, m a in te n a n ce --------------------"M ech an ic £
7g e n e r a l ------------------------------P a in t e r s , rough, s p r a y ----------------------P o w e r -b r a k e o p e r a t o r s , s t r u c t u r a l
s t e e l ------------------------------------------------------P o w e r -s h e a r o p e r a t o r s --------------------P u n c h -p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , str u c tu r a l
s t e e l, c l a s s A --------------------------------T e m p la te m a k e r s -------------------------------T r u c k d r iv e r s 7
H eavy (o v e r 4 ton s, o th e r than
t r a il e r type)
T r u c k e r s , p o w e r ( f o r k l i f t ) ---------------W e ld e r s , h a n d ------------------------------------Cla s s A ------------------------------------------C la s s B
W e ld e rs , m a ch in e ( a r c o r g a s ) ------------
21
128
40
166
14
13
12
81
15
36
43
2
2
_
-
6
-
3
-
-
8
-
29
3
2
-
-
-
-
6
-
10
3
10
-
4
-
-
3
-
4
-
8
4
"
7
9
8
*
-
i
12
-
2
65
4
4
7
4
_
-
1
20
-
-
-
-
-
5
2
38
3.93
3.96
4. 05
3. 71
10
50
11
16
271
218
53
117
4.
3.
3.
3.
3.
4.
-
-
-
-
06.
77
74
80
50
22
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
3
-
6
12
9
3
_
_
33
33
12
9
3
_
_
"
2
3
3
1
12
9
3
1
-
_
21
21
-
-
-
_
1
2
12
1
4
4
_
_
1
-
-
-
.
2
13
1
_
-
-
_
-
_
24
24
-
_
9
3
15
10
1
17
48
2
3
_
-
17
3
_
_
_
1
-
5
1
7
-
_
4
2
14
4
10
24
6
30
30
-
16
16
3
36
36
-
2
2
4
S e le c te d o f f ic e o cc u p a tio n s ^ w o m e n
C le rk s , g e n e r a l ----------C le r k s , p a y r o l l -----------
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
13
6
3. 05
3. 31
4
2
3
"
"
6
1
1
'
T he L o s A n g e le s -L o n g B e a ch and A n a h eim —Santa Ana—G ard en G r o v e Standard M e tr o p o lita n S ta tistica l A r e a c o n s is t s o f L o s A n g e le s and O ra n ge C ou n ties.
E x clu d e s p r e m iu m p a y fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts.
A ll p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s w e r e m en.
A l l o r a m a jo r it y o f the w o r k e r s in ea ch o cc u p a tio n w e re tim e w o r k e r s .
In clu d e s a ll o p e r a t o r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e o f cr a n e op era ted .
W o r k e r s w e r e d is tr ib u te d a s fo llo w s : 2 w o r k e r s at $ 2 .0 0 to $ 2 .1 0 ; and 1 w o r k e r at $ 2 .4 0 to $ 2 .5 0 .
In clu d e s a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and type o f tru ck op era ted .
A l l w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 2. 20 to $ 2 . 30.
1
11
“
1
-
-
"
2
-
-
-
-
_
9
-
2
1
4
1
"
“
“
“
“
'
1
-
“
-
-
“
*
"
-
-
-
-
-
1
3
■
-
"
-
3
-
-
-
-
48
37
11
76
11
6
5
5
-
-
-
-
4
8
90
_
-
"
3
“
Tabic 13.
Occupational earnings:
New Y o rk —Northeastern New Jersey
(N u m b er and a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 o f w o r k e r s in s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n s in fa b r ic a t e d str u c tu r a l s te e l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , O c t o b e r 1969)
O cc u p a tio n
A l l p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s 3______
Num A v e r
N um ber o f w o rk e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly ea rn in g o f---b er
a ge
$3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 $4.30 $4.40 $4.50 $4.60 $4.70 $4.80 $4.90 $5.00 $5.10 $5.20 $5.30
of
hou rly
w o r k e a r n - Under and
and
ers
i n g s 2 $3.2 0 u n d er
$3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 $4.30 $4.40 $4.50 $4.60 $4.70 $4.80 $4.90 $5.00 $5.10 $5.20 $5.30 O ver
2 ,8 6 2
$ 4 . 18
7
111
62
37
146
100
410
10
23
3 .8 6
3. 78
4 .0 1
4. 39
3 .8 8
.
.
.
.
-
-
-
.
-
28
-
14
41
179
88
26
673
.
.
-
14
14
.
101
18
18
6
13
.
-
.
7
-
58
45
78
87
243
56
.
2
2
1
4
.
.
.
.
-
.
.
-
22
110
48
_
88
-
12
12
4
-
156
682
100
24
125
18
22
10
7
3
4
40
4
.
_
-
.
.
-
.
_
.
_
_
.
.
_
_
-
.
_
_
.
114
18
7?
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
25
S e le c t e d p r o d u c tio n o cc u p a tio n s
C r a n e o p e r a t o r s , e l e c t r i c a l b r id g e *
__
U n der 20 t o n s ___________
__
20 to n s and o v e r _______________________
F it t e r s , s t r u c t u r a l _____________________
F la m e -c u t t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ____
1
79
-
-
_
_
-
3. 57
12
18
8
V U rb a n ir. *
1
3. 66
P o w e r -s h e a r o p e r a t o r s ___________ ___
P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , s tr u ctu ra l
33
3. 84
524
78
4
_
15
.
-
_
-
-
_
8
.
_
21
-
8
9
-
46
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
4. 26
P u n c h - p r e s s o p e r a t o r s , str u ctu ra l
s t e e l, c l a s s B _________________________
W e ld e r s , h a n d 3 _________________________
H ea vy (o v e r 4 t o n s , t r a il e r t y p e ) ____
H ea vy (o v e r 4 t o n s , o th e r than
t r a il e r ty p e)
1
2
3
4
5
6
27
63
254
246
3. 75
4. 15
4. 15
-
15
4. 25
_
32
4. 27
-
-
-
15
15
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
175
8
-
5
_
-
5
4
5
10
T he N ew Y o r k —N o r th e a s te rn N ew J e r s e y Standard C o n s o lid a te d A r e a c o n s is t s o f the Sta n da rd M e tr o p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a s
C lifto n —P a s s a ic , N . J. , and M id d le s e x and S o m e rs e t C o u n tie s, N ew J e r s e y .
E x clu d e s p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w ork on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts .
A l l p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s w e re m en .
In clu d e s a ll o p e r a t o r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e o f cr a n e o p e r a te d .
In clu d es w o r k e r s in c la s s ific a t io n in addition to t h o s e show n s e p a r a t e ly .
In clu d e s a ll d r iv e r s r e g a r d le s s o f s iz e and type o f tr u c k o p e r a te d .
.
-
46
46
175
6
o f N ew Y o r k ,
12
10
10
_
6
_
_
_
6
N.
Y. ,
N ew a rk ,
J e r s e y C ity ,
and P a t e r s o n -
Table 14.
Method of wage payment
(P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s in fa b r ic a t e d s tr u ctu ra l s te e l esta b lis h m e n ts b y m eth od o f w age p a y m en t, U nited S ta tes, r e g io n s , and s e le c t e d a r e a s , O c t o b e r 1969)
R e g io n s
M ethod o f w ag e p a y m e n t 1
New England
M id d le A tla n tic
B o r d e r States
S outhea st
Southw est
G re a t L a k es
M id d le W est
M ountain
----------------------------------
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
T im e -r a t e d w o r k e r s -----------------------------F o r m a l p l a n s -------------------------------------S in gle ra te -------------------------------------Range o f r a t e s -----------------------------In dividual r a t e s ----------------------------------
92
79
57
22
13
100
93
40
53
7
80
78
76
2
2
98
73
66
7
25
93
65
46
19
28
99
67
27
40
32
94
91
61
30
3
87
76
34
43
9
100
99
79
21
( 2)
In cen tive w o r k e r s ---------------------------------In dividu a l p i e c e w o r k ------------------------G rou p p ie c e w o r k ------------------------------In dividu a l b o n u s ---------------------------------G rou p b on u s ---------------------------------------
8
2
( 2)
3
4
_
20
6
1
9
3
2
6
1
13
_
-
-
( 2)
-
A ll w o r k e r s
-
-
2
7
( 2)
1
-
-
-
7
1
3
2
-
13
P a c ifi c
100
95
93
90
3
1
5
2
( 2)
3
A reas
B irm in g h a m
A ll w o rk e rs
C h ica g o
C lev ela n d
D e tro it
H ouston
L o s A n g e le s —
L on g B e a ch and
A n a h eim —Santa
A na—G a rd en
G rove
-------------------------------------
100
100
100
100
100
T im e -r a t e d w o r k e r s ---------------------------------F o r m a l p la n s ------------------------------------------Sin gle r a t e s -------------------------------------R ange o f r a t e s --------------------------------In dividu a l r a t e s -------------------------------------
99
95
95
92
89
26
63
3
100
98
28
70
2
100
95
89
5
5
89
71
35
36
17
87
87
79
8
( 2)
In cen tive w o r k e r s -------------------------------------In dividual p i e c e w o r k ----------------------------G rou p p i e c e w o r k ----------------------------------In dividual b o n u s ------------------------------------G rou p b o n u s ------------------------------------------
( 2)
( 2)
8
8
.
.
11
-
-
-
-
13
2
1
1 F o r d e fin itio n o f m e th o d s o f w ag e pa ym ent,
2 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t .
NOTE:
B e c a u s e o f rou n d in g,
-
5
-
_
11
se e appen dix A .
su m s o f in d iv id u a l ite m s m a y not eq u al to ta ls,
100
-
9
New Y o r k —
N o r th e a s te rn
New J e r s e y
100
100
97
97
-
3
.
Table 15.
Scheduled weekly hours
(P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c tio n and o ff ic e w o r k e r s in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s ta b lis h m e n ts by sc h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s , 1 U nited S ta te s , r e g io n s , and s e le c t e d a r e a s , O c t o b e r 1969)
U nited
States
W e e k ly h ou rs
R e g io n s
New E ngland
M id d le
A tla n tic
B order
S tates
S outheast
S outhw est
G re a t
L akes
M id d le
W est
M ountain
P a c ifi c
P r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s
A ll w o rk e rs
- —
40 h o u r s
.
4 2% h o u r s
.
44 h o u r s
—
45 h o u r s O v e r 45 and u n d er 48
48 h o u r s
O v e r 48 and u n d er 50
50 h o u r 8
O v e r 50 h o u r s
_
_
---------- —
- -
h ou rs.
h ou rs.
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
74
1
1
13
1
2
1
7
1
60
_
11
5
5
_
18
2
94
2
1
3
_
_
1
59
_
.
38
_
2
_
_
68
2
_
14
_
2
2
12
40
1
2
30
3
_
4
17
3
77
2
3
7
1
2
_
6
1
62
2
4
22
3
_
_
5
2
100
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
100
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
-
-
100
100
100
100
2
_
98
_
_
_
_
_
100
_
_
_
-
-
O ffic e w o r k e r s
A l l w o r k e r s ________________ ——
100
1
3
1
90
2
1
2
( 2)
U n der 37 Vi h o u r s ____________________
37% h o u r s
38 h o u r s
40 h ou r 8 _______________ _______________
O v e r 40 and u n d e r 44 h o u r s .
44 h ou r s
45 h o u r s
O v e r 45 h o u r s
_
100
100
4
30
64
2
1
8
2
88
1
-
100
7
93
.
100
100
2
_
95
2
_
1
_
_
79
8
7
5
"
1
1
_
95
_
_
3
•l2)
-
_
_
87
2
6
4
( 2)
A reas
B irm in g h a m
C h ica g o
C le v e la n d
D e t r o it
100
100
100
84
.
11
_
6
-
64
_
_
_
11
_
25
“
91
_
5
_
_
2
2
“
L o s A n g e le s —
L on g B ea ch
and A n a h eim —
Santa A n a —
G a rd en G r o v e
N ew Y o r k —
N o r th e a s te rn
New J e r s e y
100
100
100
28
.
_
13
12
_
_
47
-
100
_
_
_
_
_
100
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
-
-
100
100
100
H ouston
P r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s — C ontinued
A ll w ork ers
40 h o u r s
42% h o u r s
44 h o u r s
45 h o u r s _
100
.
..
_
__
79
19
-
. . . .
. . .
. . .
.
. — —
-----
48 h o u r 8
. . .
O v e r 48 and u n d e r 50 h o u r s —
50 h o u r 8
O v e r 50 h o u r s
—
-
2
“
O ffic e w o r k e r s — C ontinued
A ll w ork ers
-
------------
100
U n d e r 37% h o u r s -------------------------------------37% h o u r s
38 h o u r s __________________________________
40 h o u r s --------------------------------------------------O v e r 40 and u n d er 44 h o u r s .
44 h o u r s
45 h o u r s —
O v e r 45 h ou rs
1 Data relate to the predominant work schedule for fu ll-tim e
2 Less than 0. 5 percent.
N O TE:
100
100
100
5
31
12
-
-
-
-
69
_
-
"
d ay-sh ift w orkers in each establishment.
Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals.
88
-
100
-
-
98
-
-
95
-
-
-
“
2
_
.
6
17
-
100
77
-
.
*
’
Table 16.
Shift differential provisions
( P e r c e n t 'o f p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s b y sh ift d iffe r e n t ia l p r o v is io n s ,
in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , U nited S ta te s , r e g i o n s , and s e le c t e d a r e a s , O c t o b e r 1969)
R e g io n s
Shift d iffe r e n t ia l
United
States
M iddle
B order
N ew
E ngland A tlan tic Sta tes
S ou th S ou th
ea st
w est
A reas
G rea t
L akes
M id d le
W est
M ou n
P a c ifi c
ta in
B ir
m in g
ham
C h ica g o
C le v e
land
93.4
93.4
73.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
D e tro it
L o s A n g e l e s - New Y o r k —
L on g B ea ch
N o r th
H ou ston and A n a h eim —
ea stern
Santa A n a N ew
G a rd en G r o v e
J ersey
S e co n d shift
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s having s e c o n d shift p r o v is io n s ________________________________
W ith shift d iffe r e n t ia l
U n ifo r m c e n t s p e r h our
U nder 5 ce n ts
5 c e n t s _______ _____________ ____ ________
6 c e n t s ___________________________ ____ __
7 ce n ts _________________________ ________
8 ce n ts ______________________ ____ _______
9 c e n t s .... ................................ ..........................
10 c e n t s ___ __________ ____ _____________
12 c e n t s __________________ ______ _______
13 c e n t s ________________________ ____ ___
15 c e n t s ________________________________
O v er 15 c e n ts _ _______________________
U n ifo r m p e r c e n ta g e
5 p e r c e n t ___ _____ _______________ ________
7 V2 p e r c e n t ___________________________
8 p e r c e n t ________ ____ ___________________
10 p e r c e n t _________________ _____________
12 r/ 2 p e r c e n t _______________________ ___
F u ll da y 's pay f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s ___
F u ll da y 's pay f o r re d u c e d h o u r s plu s
u n ifo r m c e n ts p e r h ou r
W ith no sh ift d iffe r e n t ia l ____________________
63. 7
63. 7
24. 4
4. 1
.
9 .5
_
5 .8
5. 0
7. 3
7. 3
3 1 .9
87. 3
85. 3
67. 2
44. 5
.
10. 3
.
3. 0
9 .5
5. 1
2. 3
2 .8
13. 0
49. 8
49. 8
49. 8
.
2 5 .5
13. 3
5 .9
5. 1
-
6 7 ,3
53. 6
51. 0
.
12. 1
7 .6
6. 1
4 .9
16. 5
3 .9
_
_
2 .6
2 .6
-
58. 5
58. 5
58. 5
2. 3
6 .9
3. 4
4. 8
41. 1
.
_
.
-
4 .8
2 .8
-
-
1 3 .7
.
-
2 .0
5 9 .2
5 8 .8
4 1 .6
. 3
1. 3
. 3
.2
.6
7. 1
.2
19. 8
.8
1 .4
3 .6
.7
.6
1 .8
2. 9
1. 2
.5
.2
.3
.2
7. 8
45. 5
45. 5
1 3.6
-
72. 5
72. 5
55. 9
-
14. 0
1 4 .0
1 4 .0
.
38. 1
3 5 .8
27. 7
_
4. 1
2 .2
2. 3
3. 5
8. 1
29. 3
29. 3
1 3 .8
1. 3
79.3
76. 5
63. 1
.6
6. 2
.9
1 .7
17. 1
1. 3
22. 1
2. 6
. 5
4. 7
5. 3
3 .7
.7
.6
. 1
2. 1
.2
4 .9
-
-
91.4
90.1
84. 0
1. 3
10. 7
16. 3
.
3 4 .8
5 .4
.
9 .9
5 .6
2. 2
2 .2
3 .9
1 .2
85. 7
85. 7
72. 9
_
6. 2
12. 7
_
7. 5
7. 3
20. 3
_
3. 1
5 .9
10. 0
4. 5
2. 1
2 .4
8. 3
*
95.9
99.6
95.9
99.6
58. 7
18. 2
.
22. 2
11. 0
_
_
7. 3
_
4 .6
4. 6
-
41. 8
8. 3
_
2 .9
3. 3
_
1 1 .9
15. 3
12. 8
1 2 .8
6. 4
1.7
3 1 .0
*
3 8 .6
-
97. 9
96. 6
96. 6
43. 7
13. 3
3 9 .6
.
.
.
-
_
5. 8
.
21. 6
.
24. 6
.
.
_
2 2 1. 1
10. 2
_
10. 2
.
1. 3
10. 2
-
9 6 .6
9 6 .6
3 2 .0
_
61. 1
61. 1
4 8. 5
-
.
.
-
_
23. 9
_
.
_
6 5 .7
3 .9
_
.
.
_
82. 9
82. 9
8 2 .9
26. 3
9. 2
.
4 7 .4
_
.
_
-
.
_
.
-
-
-
81. 9
81. 9
81. 9
.
_
_
_
23. 9
5 2 .9
35. 5
35. 5
35. 5
.
1 1 .8
_
2 3 .7
_
.
.
100.0
93.5
93.5
93.5
100.0
100.0
54.1
_
.
_
9.7
_
8.4
9.7
.
26. 3
_
. 3
100.0
100.0
48. 4
_
.
.
_
.
_
_
11. 5
3 36. 9
.
5 1 .6
4 5 .6
-
.
78. 0
7 8. 0
2 9 .5
8 8 .5
8 8 .5
3 6 .9
_
_
.
.
_
-
T h ir d o r o th er la te shift
W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts h a ving t h ir d - o r
oth e r la t e -s h ift p r o v is io n s ____________________
W ith sh ift d iffe r e n t ia l
U n ifo r m c e n t s p e r h ou r __________
_ ___
U n der 5 c e n t s __________________________
5 c e n t s __ _________ ____ _________ ____ ___
7 c e n t s __________________________________
8 c e n t s __________________________________
9 ce n ts __________ _______________________
10 c e n t s ________________________________
11 ce n ts
______________________________
12 ce n ts ________________________________
13 ce n ts _____
______ _____________
14 ce n ts
15 ce n ts _____________________ _______ ___
17 c e n t s ________________________________
18 ce n ts ....... .................................................._
20 ce n ts _________________ ______________
O v e r 20 c e n ts _ _ ___
U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e
5 p e r c e n t _________________________________
7 V 2 p e r c e n t _____________________________
10 p e r c e n t ______________________________
15 p e r c e n t ________________________________
F u ll da y 's p a y fo r r e d u c e d h o u r s _
F u ll da y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s plus
u n ifo r m ce n ts p e r h ou r
F u ll d a y s pay fo r re d u c e d h o u r s plus
u n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e
____ _
W ith no sh ift d iffe r e n t ia l
__
-
4. 1
9 .5
-
-
.
.
45. 4
-
14. 0
.
-
-
-
.
.
.
-
1 .7
.8
.
_
_
.
.
-
-
7. 2
1.0
.3
*
.
_
8. 0
3 .4
2. 3
-
.
-
_
-
9. 1
_
3 .4
79.
79.
73.
1.
2.
7
7
7
3
3
-
11. 5
33. 6
-
59. 0
59. 0
46. 3
.
-
_
.
3. 2
1 7 .9
_
7. 5
3. 1
_
.
_
_
4. 9
6. 4
_
.
_
_
.
_
_
-
_
3. 1
7. 7
2. 8
1. 2
2. 1
.
_
_
-
_
2. 1
7. 5
.
8. 7
5 .8
_
_
.
.
77. 1
77. 1
34. 3
_
-
3 .9
_
14. 9
5. 3
6 .2
_
4 .0
_
_
50. 0
_
1 2 .8
“
-
1. 2
-
_
7. 0
3 .9
.
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
"
"
2. 3
”
"
“
“
B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , su m s o f in div idu a l ite m s m a y not equal t o t a ls .
2. 3
34. 3
-
1 R e f e r s t o p o l ic ie s o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts eith e r cu r r e n tly o p era tin g la te s h ifts o r h a ving p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te sh ifts .
2 A l l w o r k e r s w e r e at 17 c e n t s .
3 A l l w o r k e r s w e r e at 25 c e n t s .
NOTE:
.
_
.
6 .4
-
1 0 .6
.
_
_
_
21. 1
8. 5
.9
.
-
.
_
5. 8
.
21. 6
.
_
_
.
.
.
.
8 .4
-
_
.
.
.
8. 1
.
.9
.
1 .8
3. 3
_
_
_
_
2. 8
6 .6
12. 0
.3
.
-
18. 7
_
13. 3
.
_
-
1. 1
-
92. 1
92. 1
2 2 .8
_
_
.
.
8. 3
6 4 .6
_
_
_
_
2. 3
.
.
100.0
100.0
100.0
.
.
.
.
.
_
100.0
.
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
.
_
_
_
_
_
2 .0
1. 2
1 .9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
.
_
_
“
“
"
1 0 .2
.
•
_
_
_
.
.
.
.
9 .7
_
.
5 .2
9. 7
_
4. 9
_
.
.
.
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
•
3 36. 9
_
.
.
.3
5 1 .6
48. 1
_
"
_
-
Table 17.
Shift differential practices
(P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s em p lo y e d on la te sh ifts in fa b r ic a t e d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l e s ta b lis h m e n ts , U n ited S ta tes, r e g io n s , and s e le c t e d a r e a s , O c t o b e r 1969)
R e g io n s
S h ift d iffe r e n t ia l
U nited
States
New
M id d le
England A tla n tic
B order
States
A reas
S outh S outh G r e a t
e a st
w e st L a k e s
M id d le
W est
M ou n
tain
P a c ifi c
B ir
m in g
ham
C h ica g o
C le v e
land
D e t r o it
L o s A n g e l e s - N ew Y o r k L on g B e a ch
N orth
H ou ston and A n a h eim —
e a s te rn
Santa A n a —
New
S e co n d sh ift
W o r k e r s e m p lo y e d on s e c o n d shift
R e c e iv in g sh ift d i f f e r e n t i a l ---------------------U n ifo r m c e n t s p e r h o u r ----------------------U n d er 5 ce n ts
_ — 5 ce n ts
- ------ - _
6 ce n ts
— - - —
7 ce n ts
-_ . - ______ __ ___ ____ _____
8 cen ts
- — —
9 c e n t s _____________________________
10 c e n ts
- _
12 ce n ts
13 c e n t s __ _____ ______________ _____
15 cen ts
O v e r 15 ce n ts
U n ifo r m p e r ce n ta g e 5 percen t
1
%p e r c e n t ________ ___ ____ __ ______
8 p ercen t10 p e r c e n t
_
— _
8 h ou rs*j> a y f o r 7 It h o u r s w o r k ---------F u ll d a y 's p a y fo r r e d u c e d h ou rs
O th er f o r m a l p a id d i f f e r e n t i a l _______
W ith no sh ift d i f f e r e n t i a l _________________
15. 3
1 4.4
1 2 .9
.2
. 6
.3
.6
4. 6
.4
3. 6
.5
. 1
.8
1. 2
.4
. 1
. 1
( 2)
. 1
. 2
.2
.7
.9
5. 4
5 .4
.9
. 9
4. 6
-
7. 7
7. 7
7. 7
1 .5
4. 5
1 .7
-
"
18. 6
18. 0
1 6.4
13. 2
2. 2
. 2
. 9
. 8
.5
.3
.6
. 3
. 6.
.
-
4. 6
4. 6
4 .4
_
4 .4
.3
-
"
"
"
"
13. 0
8. 6
8 .4
. 9
2. 6
.4
2. 3
1. 7
. 6
. 2
. 2
4 .4
12. 2
12. 2
12. 2
.8
. 7
1 .4
.5
8. 8
"
18.
18.
17.
.
1.
4.
5.
1.
2.
1.
.
.
.
.
9
6
9
4
3
9
7
0
8
9
1
1
5
3
15. 0
15. 0
13. 4
. 6
4. 3
1. 9
. 8
1. 7
. 5
.8
2. 7
. 3
. 3
. 7
. 6
-
13. 0
13. 0
9. 6
1. 9
4. 9
1 .4
1. 3
1 .0
1 .0
2 .4
1 5.4
1 5 .4
7. 7
2. 5
1 .4
.3
. 6
.6
7. 1
“
39. 8
39. 5
39. 5
18. 3
2. 9
1 8 .4
(* )
. 3
18.
18.
16.
6.
1.
8.
1.
1.
-
0
0
9
8
8
3
1
1
21. 6
21. 6
21. 6
21. 6
*
-
24.
24.
24.
6.
16.
.
-
0
0
0
9
5
6
8. 4
8. 4
8 .4
. 5
3. 4
4. 5
-
-
-
“
.
.
.
.
-
•
11. 0
11. 0
4. 6
2. 2
2 .4
-
2 .4
2 .4
1. 0
1 .0
-
6 .4
"
1 .4
“
1. 7
1. 7
1. 7
"
"
T h ir d o r o th e r la te sh ift
W o r k e r s e m p lo y e d on th ird o r o th er
la te sh ift
—
R e c e iv in g sh ift d iffe r e n t ia l_______________
U n ifo r m c e n t s p e r h o u r
9 ce n ts
10 c e n ts
12 ce n ts
. . .
13 c e n t s __ — ___ ______ __ ___________
15 CP-nta-----.--------- „-------------------------- -18 c e n t s 20 ce n ts
____ __
O v e r 20 ce n ts
F u ll da y 's p a y f o r r e d u ce d h o u r s ------O th er fo r m a l pa id d i f f e r e n t i a l ----------W ith n o sh ift d iffe r e n t ia l
_
. . .
1. 6
1 .6
1 .4
(2)
( 2)
1. 1
( 2)
( 2)
<2)
. 1
( 2)
. 1
. 1
"
1 A l l w o r k e r s w e r e at 17 ce n ts .
2 L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t.
NOTE:
B e c a u s e o f rou n din g, su m s o f in d iv id u a l ite m s m a y n o t eq u a l totals,
.
.
.
.
-
3
3
1
1
( 2)
. 1
-
.4
.4
.2
. 2
. 2
“
1 .4
1 .4
1 .4
(2)
. 5
. 1
. 1
. 6
. 1
-
.
.
.
.
”
1
1
1
1
1. 3
1 .3
1 .3
1 .3
-
1. 2
1. 2
1 .2
2.
2.
1.
.
.
1.
-
0
0
1
8
2
0
.
.
.
.
"
7
7
7
7
“
5
5
5
5
Table 18.
Paid holidays
(P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c tio n and o f f i c e w o r k e r s in fa b r ic a t e d str u ctu ra l ste e l e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith fo r m a l p r o v is io n s fo r pa id h o lid a y s , U nited S ta te s , r e g io n s , and s e le c t e d a r e a s , O c t o b e r 1969)
R e g io n s
N u m b er o f pa id h o lid a y s
United
State s
New
M iddle
England A tlan tic
B order
Sta tes
South S ou th G rea t
ea st
w est L a k e s
A reas
M idd le
W est
M ou n
ta in
P a c ifi c
B ir
m in g C h ica g o
ham
C le v e
land
D e tro it
L o s A n g e l e s - New Y o r k L on g B ea ch
N o r th
H ouston and A n a h eim —
e a s te rn
Santa A n a N ew
G a rd en G ro v e
J ersey
P r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s
A l l w o r k e r s ___ _________________ ___________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g paid
h o lid a y s _________ ____ ___ ____ ___________________
3 d a y s _____________________________________ _____
4 d a y s _____ ___________________ _____ ____________
5 d a y s __________ ______________ __________________
5 d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y ______________ _________
6 d a y s ______________________ _____ ______________
6 d a y s plu s 1 h a lf day ________ _____ _________
6 d a y s plu s 2 h a lf d a y s __________________ ____
7 d a y s ...................... ............................... ........................
7 d a y s plu s 1 h a lf day
_____________________
7 d a y s p lu s 2 h a lf d a y s ______________________
8 d a y s ______ _________ ______ _________ ________
8 d a y s plu s 1 h a lf day.............. ................... .............
8 d a y s p lu s 2 h a lf d a ys __________ ____________
9 d a y s _________________ _________________________
9 d a y s plu s 1 h a lf d a y _________ ____ __________
9 d a y s plu s 2 h a lf d a y s _________ ________ ____
10 d a y s
_____ _________________________________
11 d a y s ____________ ____________________ _______
12 d a y s .............................................. .............................
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g no paid
h o lid a y s _____________ _________ _________________
100
99
(* )
(l)
8
1
12
1
1
26
1
1
21
1
2
17
1
1
4
1
2
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
5
5
24
24
42
-
100
1
1
44
1
3
5
2
6
23
4
i
2
7
100
2
30
18
38
13
-
99
22
4
24
4
21
22
3
-
98
1
24
22
1
3
27
1
20
-
100
2
8
1
20
3
16
3
1
35
11
-
100
18
21
7
41
1
6
6
-
100
9
32
7
41
11
-
100
.
5
12
2
48
30
3
-
100
1
13
83
2
-
• 100
.
3
22
6
69
-
100
29
71
-
100
.
5
1
37
57
-
100
5
12
25
7
36
14
-
100
14
18
39
29
-
100
_
_
52
11
37
C)
2
"
_
“
“
“
“
(* )
“
O ffic e w o r k e r s
A ll w o r k e r s ______________ _________________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g pa id
h o lid a y s _________________________________________
4 d a y s ______ ________ ______ _______ ____ ____ __
5 d a y s ______ ___________________ _______________
5 d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf day................. .............................
6 d a y s ______________ ___________ — _ -------6 d a y s plu s 1 h a lf d a y _________________________
6 d a y s plu s 2 h a lf d a y s __________ ____ ________
7 d a y s ............ ........... ....................
7 d a y s plu s 1 h a lf day_________ _______________
7 d a y s plu s 2 h a lf d a y s _______________________
8 d a y s ________ _______ __________________________
8 d a y s p lu s 1 h a lf d a y __________ ______________
8 d a y s plu s 2 h a lf d a y s _______________________
9 d a y s ___________________________________________
9 d a y s plu s 1 h a lf day________ ________________
9 d a y s plu s 2 h a lf d a y s _______________________
10 d a y s ___________ ____ ________ ____ __________
11 d a y s _______________________ _________________
12 d a y s ----------- -------------------------------- -------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s p r o v id in g no paid
h o lid a y s __________ _________ __________________ ____
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
(*)
5
1
12
1
2
32
2
2
22
2
1
11
(*)
1
3
( ')
2
100
2
15
7
20
24
34
100
1
-
100
33
24
43
-
100
2
24
5
19
4
29
18
(* )
-
100
(M
12
23
(l)
4
37
2
21
-
100
1
15
1
1
23
2
26
1
22
7
-
100
16
14
11
2
46
2
7
2
-
100
2
14
33
40
11
-
100
-14
14
39
14
12
6
-
100
2
16
80
3
-
100
7
7
35
11
40
-
100
9
54
37
-
100
2
8
6
31
53
-
100
3
3
12
3
66
13
-
100
23
11
53
13
-
100
5
44
5
45
-
-
{* )
59
2
7
3
4
2
11
2
1
1
7
1 L e s s than 0 . 5 p e r c e n t .
NOTE:
B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , su m s o f in div idu a l ite m s m a y not eq u al to ta ls,
Tabic 19-
Paid vacations
(P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c tio n and o f f ic e w o r k e r s in fa b r ic a te d s t r u ctu ra l s t e e l e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith fo r m a l p r o v is io n s f o r p a id v a c a t io n s a ft e r s e le c t e d p e r io d s o f s e r v i c e , U n ited S ta te s ,
r e g io n s and s e le c t e d a r e a s , O cto b e r 1969)
Regions
Vacation policy 1
United
States
Areas
New
Middle Border South South Great Middle
England Atlantic States
east
west Lake 8 West
B ir
Moun
Cleve
Pacific ming Chicago land
tain
ham
Los A ngeles- New YorkLong Beach
NorthDetroit Houston and Anaheim— easte rn
New
Santa AnaJersey
Garden Grove
Production workers
All workers
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
98
93
4
100
100
98
2
100
100
100
100
-
90
81
9
-
100
94
2
100
78
22
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
-
100
96
2
2
100
100
100
100
100
100
-
-
100
100
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
85
15
-
96
4
-
88
3
-
85
15
-
76
95
89
100
95
5
-
100
100
100
-
96
4
-
81
7
-
86
100
80
-
81
14
65
18
7
-
62
9
28
-
66
14
10
76
45
28
26
-
44
85
13
-
86
77
10
100
-
83
4
13
-
16
41
14
45
-
29
7
48
7
-
13
14
69
66
13
21
100
Method of payment
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations.
_
_
Length-of-time payment--------------------------Percentage payment
__ _ — —
Othe r
Workers in establishments providing no
paid vacations
1
2
91
9
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
Amount of vacation pay 2
After 1 year of service:
1week
__ . . . . .
Over 1 and under 2 weeks
2weeks _
Over 2 weeks
__
._ . _
— ..
After 2 years of service:
1weeks__
Over 1 and under 2 weeks
2weeks
_ .
Over 2 weeks
After 3 years of service:
1week___
Over 1 and under 2 weeks
2weeks
_
Over 2 and under 3 weeks________________
3 weeks and over
. .
After 5 years of service:
1week
.
.
Over 1 and under 2 weeks
2weeks
Over 2 and under 3 weeks
3 weeks
4 weeks
After 10 years of service:
1week _
2weeks
Over 2 and under 3 weeks------------------------3 weeks
— — —
Over 3 and under 4 weeks------------------------4 weeks and over
After 12 years of service:
1week
2weeks__
Over 2 and under 3 weeks
3 weeks
Over 3 and under 4 weeks .
. . . . .
4 weeks and over
See fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta ble.
90
2
5
( 3)
70
12
15
(J)
20
-
-
17
3
_
97
-
7
17
73
(3)
3
97
-
96
(3)
11
2
67
(3)
3
1
88
3
2
(3)
/
2
35
6
51
1
1
2
27
6
58
3
1
53
35
12
-
-
53
24
23
-
6
2
2
2
-
2
17
4
75
(3)
2
2
7
2
82
5
2
12
63
-
13
6
75
4
31
10
55
6
92
10
3
-
-
4
2
-
75
9
-
6
64
2
4
61
18
2
8
-
27
-
-
4
-
-
31
10
55
4
6
52
2
39
-
4
58
20
8
-
2
1
2
11
11
3
2
-
2
85
6
2
2
5
16
5
70
4
4
2
10
2
77
5
4
1
9
76
2
22
-
10
2
87
-
1
-
2
21
35
-
4
77
17
-
3
97
-
_
4
74
-
3
96
_
99
-
22
-
-
51
49
7
1
-
-
-
49
-
34
17
-
-
93
(3)
36
64
-
-
-
15
48
17
94
( 3)
20
6
-
2
-
1
85
13
-
1
2
-
_
-
-
100
-
7
100
_
-
_
5
5
4
11
12
-
58
3
35
4
-
72
-
96
4
-
5
95
-
34
9
5
95
-
-
100
-
-
100
-
17
11
13
83
-
93
-
-
87
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
93
“
_
71
29
5
91
4
“
5
95
"
1
2
13
83
-
-
66
_
14
-
61
30
.
-
8
92
-
8
88
3
-
_
8
.
91
( 3)
-
8
91
(3)
-
_
100
-
-
100
_
-
52
48
_
-
-
100
•
Tabic 19.
Paid vacations--- Continued
(P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c tio n and o f f ic e w o r k e r s in fa b ric a te d str u ctu ra l ste e l e sta b lis h m e n ts with fo r m a l p r o v is io n s fo r paid v a c a t io n s a ft e r s e le c t e d p e r io d s o f s e r v i c e , U n ited S ta tes ,
r e g i o n s , and s e le c t e d a r e a s , O c t o b e r 1969)
Regions
Vacation policy 1
United
States
Areas
New
Middle Border South South Great
England Atlantic States
east
west Lakes
Middle
West
B ir
Moun
Pacific ming Chicago Cleve
tain
land
ham
Los A ngeles- New YorkLong Beach
NorthDetroit Houston and Anaheim— eastern
Santa AnaNew
Garden Grove
Jersey
Amount of vacation pav 2— Continued
After 15 years of service:
1w eek _____ ______________ _________ _____
2wppks _ __..__T_r______________________
3 wppkf) -rr____________ ,_________________ __
Over 3 and under 4 weeks .
4 weeks
- — Over 4 weeks_______ _____________ _____ _
After 20 years of service:
1week
.
— - — ___
2 weeks
—
3 weeks
.
___ Over 3 and under 4 weeks _
— _
4 weeks
Over 4 and under 5 weeks _
. 5 weeks and over _
_
After 25 years of service-. 4
1week
_
2weeks
3 weeks Over 3 and under 4 weeks _
4 weeks__________________________________
Over 4 and under 5 weeks .
5 weeks
_
---- Over 5 weeks---------------------------------------------
2
18
65
7
5
1
2
16
45
5
25
1
2
2
16
26
4
41
1
7
1
-
12
11
77
-
8
52
35
5
-
8
52
35
5
-
2
4
79
7
7
2
2
2
52
2
36
1
5
2
2
12
_
60
23
2
29
55
16
-
6
46
48
-
6
24
46
18
13
46
23
25
-
24
46
18
13
-
46
23
25
“
6
4
31
47
9
4
28
45
9
5
4
27
42
9
8
*
2
9
61
10
6
2
13
9
41
6
33
3
6
2
9
15
5
58
1
7
4
-
12
6
2
81
-
-
8
64
3
19
6
-
8
31
3
50
9
•
14
69
17
-
3
92
5
(3)
-
14
65
17
4
-
3
52
44
-
14
58
17
3
25
72
-
11
-
i
99
-
1
15
83
-
1
15
83
"
66
-
4
25
-
5
35
60
“
7
29
65
-
29
71
-
5
61
4
30
-
5
35
60
-
37
54
“
7
7
65
-
-
5
5
35
60
"
-
8
“
*
28
64
"
52
48
“
7
81
-
12
-
34
100
21
“
5
66
4
83
-
“
8
78
14
(5)
-
8
8
89
-
11
-
100
-
Office workers
All workers
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
99
99
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
94
6
100
100
99
99
-
100
100
100
100
100
100
-
-
98
98
-
100
100
-
100
98
2
100
100
-
99
99
-
100
-
■
18
79
-
Method of payment
Workers in establishments providing
paid vacations
Length-of-time payment.
Percentage payment__ ____ __________ ___
Workers in establishments providing no
paid vacations
. . . . .
1
03)
-
-
99
(3)
1
-
-
-
-
36
(3)
63
(3)
29
71
15
69
62
34
34
-
-
-
-
-
85
-
31
38
-
-
65
-
65
(J)
21
2
29
.
71
-
53
42
3
55
-
75
-
6
2
4
.
96
"
-
■
1
■
■
“
_
56
20
52
-
-
-
79
-
48
-
14
83
( 3)
15
85
73
27
-
4
5
95
-
92
-
-
2
"
Amount of vacation pay 2
After 1 year of service:
1week
.
. . . . .
Over 1 and under 2 weeks.
2weeks
_ _ _
___
3 weeks
__
After 2 years of service:
1week
_
__
_ _ Over 1 and under 2 weeks
2weeks__________________________________
3 w eeks______ _ _________________ ____
After 3 years of service:
1week
Over 1 and under 2 weeks
2weeks _
_____
3 weeks
_ —
S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f table.
77
(3)
91
( 3)
-
10
2
88
-
4
2
1
93
-
47
-
2
98
“
27
4
69
“
16
8
10
5
84
“
14
(3)
86
(3)
1
2
96
( 3)
59
2
39
-
44
-
39
31
4
33
-
-
58
-
69
-
94
-
67
-
93
3
3
97
'
99
33
67
“
97
3
2
2
2
96
-
2
-
100
8
2
5
93
"
31
67
*
28
72
-
6
5
93
-
25
75
6
98
100
‘
'
7
87
7
87
“
“
-
Table 19.
Paid vacations— Continued
(Percent of production and office workers in fabricated structural steel establishments with formal provisions for paid vacations after selected periods of service, United States,
regions, and selected areas, October 1969)
•
----Regions
United
States
Vacation policy 1
Areas
New
Middle Border South South Great
England Atlantic States
east
west Lakes
Middle
West
Chicago Cleve
land
Los Angeles- New YorkLong Beach
North
Detroit Houston and Anaheim— eastern
New
Santa AnaGarden Grove
Jersey
Office workers—-Continued
Amount of vacation pay 2— Continued
After 5 years of service:
1week
- —
2weeks
Over 2 and under 3 weeks
---3 weeks
Over 3 weeks
After 10 vears of service:
1week
2weeks
Over 2 and under 3 weeks
3 weeks
Over 3 weeks
After 12 years of service:
1week .
2weeks
Over 2 and under 3 weeks
3 weeks
Over 3 weeks
After 15 years of service:
1week
2weeks
3 weeks
Over 3 and under 4 weeks________________
4 weeks
_
__
—
Over 4 weeks. .
. . .
After 20 years of service:
1week
. . .
2weeks _
__ _ _ __ _
_ __
3 weeks
___ __
_
Over 3 and under 4 weeks
____ —
4 weeks
Over 4 weeks
After 25 vears of service: 4
1week
2weeks
3 weeks
Over 3 and under 4 weeks
4 weeks
Over 4 and under 5 weeks
5 weeks
Over 5 weeks
Bir
Moun
Pacific ming
tain
ham
i
93
1
3
1
1
44
1
52
2
1
39
2
56
2
1
22
70
2
4
1
i
22
36
(3)
39
2
1
22
31
<J)
41
1
1
3
4
96
.
-
99
-
81
-
-
73
27
-
28
.
71
.
29
24
76
-
21
63
16
-
21
63
16
_
1
1
70
1
25
2
72
2
-
11
1
4
1
83
-
11
21
1
66
2
u
19
59
-
11
1
10
10
25
72
2
25
72
2
23
63
10
5
-
6
94
-
6
72
-
22
-
6
67
.
28
-
6
59
36
(5)
6
23
55
-
59
25
-
-
f.
22
23
55
-
12
10
10
6
59
25
-
10
_
2
97
-
2
77
4
17
-
2
77
4
17
-
2
46
51
-
2
44
39
13
-
2
44
39
14
-
84
4
9
3
2
91
9
-
.
98
_
52
48
-
51
49
-
28
70
1
66
40
5
55
-
36
4
60
-
26
.
72
14
72
5
7
3
-
84
13
87
.
-
15
83
-
98
_
-
13
81
7
-
15
41
43
-
19
80
-
13
72
15
"
15
39
45
_
"
19
80
-
34
1
58
7
26
7
14
32
48
7
14
28
52
4
3
-
100
-•
-
10
2
4
-
5
64
2
2
27
5
36
2
2
55
-
2
-
1
1
1
98
_
_
-
2
28
70
-
2
28
70
-
2
2
2
_
90
-
100
10
-
.
-
.
.
-
3
97
_
_
-
.
93
_
5
-
.
97
3
-
33
67
-
76
24
-
13
-
3
91
-
20
.
_
-
56
44
-
_
3
91
-
33
_
67
-
.
_
100
.
22
88
11
_
78
-
89
-
-
.
13
69
18
-
36
_
53
-
14
33
53
-
_
13
44
44
-
14
33
53
_
13
.
87
“
14
84
-
2
-
11
-
11
12
77
-
11
12
77
.
-
6
75
3
.
20
-
_
75
3
3
18
79
-
75
3
-
6
3
18
79
3
18
73
-
6
“
-
20
_
20
9
69
_
-
20
9
_
69
_
“
42
_
58
37
56
-
6
-
37
46
17
.
37
46
_
5
-
12
“
1 In clu d e s b a s ic pla n s on ly . P la n s such a s v a c a t io n -s a v in g s and t h o s e plans w h ich o ff e r "e x t e n d e d " o r " s a b b a t ic a l " b e n e fit s b ey on d b a s ic pla ns to w o r k e r s w ith q u a lify in g len g th s o f s e r v i c e
a r e e x clu d e d .
2 V a ca tio n p a y m en ts su ch a s p e r c e n t o f annual ea rn in gs w e r e c o n v e r t e d to an eq u iv a len t t im e b a s is . P e r io d s o f s e r v i c e w e r e a r b it r a r i ly c h o s e n and do not n e c e s s a r i ly r e f le c t in d iv id u a l
e s ta b lis h m e n t p r o v is io n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n . F o r ex a m p le , the c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t io n s in d ic a te d at 10 y e a r s m a y in clu d e ch a n g e s in p r o v is io n s b etw een 5 and 10 y e a r s .
3 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t.
4 V a ca tio n p r o v is io n s w e re v ir tu a lly the sa m e a fte r lo n g e r p e r io d s o f s e r v i c e .
NOTE:
B e c a u s e o f rou n d in g,
su m s o f in dividual item s m a y not eq u a l to t a ls .
Table 20.
Health, insurance, and retirement plans
(P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c tio n and o f f i c e w o r k e r s in fa b r ic a t e d s tr u ctu ra l s te e l e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith s p e c ifie d h ea lth , in s u r a n c e , and r e t ir e m e n t p la n s . U n ited S ta te s , r e g io n s and s e le c t e d a r e a s ,
O cto b e r 1969)
Regions
Type of plan 1
United
States
Areas
New
Middle Border South South - Great
east
we st Lakes
England Atlantic States
Middle Moun
Pacific
West
tain
B ir
Cleve
ming Chicago
land
ham
Los Angeles- New YorkLong Beach
North Detroit Houston and Anaheim— eastern
Santa AnaNew
Garden Grove
Jersey
Production workers
All w ork ers___________________________
Workers in establishments providing:
Life insurance ______ ___________________
Noncontributory plans ________________
Accidental death and dismemberment
insurance ______________________________
Noncontributory plans ________________
Sickness and accident insurance or sick
leave or both2___________________________
Sickness and accident insurance_______
Noncontributory plans _____________
Sick leave (full pay, no waiting
period) ______________________________
Sick leave (partial pay or waiting) ....... .
Hospitalization insurance ________________
Noncontributory plans ________________
Surgical insurance___________ ____________
Noncontributory plans ________________
Medical insurance________________________
Noncontributory plans ________________
Major medical insurance ________________
Noncontributory plans ________________
Retirement plans *_______ ______________
Retirement pension___________________
Noncontributory plans _____________
Retirement severance
No plans
See fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta ble.
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
95
73
100
100
98
89
90
57
87
48
97
51
95
88
98
46
93
82
100
100
83
100
100
92
91
88
64
100
100
100
70
54
95
95
58
49
90
59
57
37
73
38
73
67
78
38
93
82
84
82
99
83
78
78
92
91
67
60
85
85
100
81
79
64
83
83
83
92
92
83
79
79
58
65
65
48
68
95
95
92
92
48
82
78
74
60
41
39
97
97
83
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
92
92
91
60
60
60
54
100
100
-
-
-
13
15
4
-
-
-
44
6
1
99
75
99
75
93
73
56
37
77
74
68
10
1
5
-
100
97
100
97
100
97
81
77
84
84
79
-
11
100
90
100
90
99
89
37
28
91
90
90
21
-
100
67
94
61
92
59
66
35
51
51
45
-
63
36
9
-
-
96
61
98
61
85
54
77
45
55
96
43
96
43
85
41
63
19
72
57
35
18
3
55
48
5
88
1
100
91
100
91
93
89
27
23
84
84
82
7
1
98
56
98
56
90
56
77
41
76
76
72
-
2
11
100
90
100
90
100
90
89
79
43
43
43
-
98
100
95
100
95
100
95
88
83
94
94
87
8
-
100
83
100
83
100
83
62
58
99
97
97
2
-
100
100
100
100
100
100
25
25
91
91
91
22
-
100
100
100
100
100
100
10
10
100
100
100
-
100
99
100
99
100
99
-
92
92
92
-
88
64
88
64
88
64
47
24
61
57
9
4
12
10
10
-
100
92
100
92
100
92
90
82
89
89
75
10
63
63
63
54
-
100
63
100
63
100
63
100
63
100
100
100
-
Tabic 20.
Health, insurance, and retirement plans--- Continued
(P e r c e n t o f p r o d u c tio n and o ff ic e w o r k e r s in fa b r ic a t e d str u ctu ra l s te e l e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith s p e c ifie d h e a lth , in s u r a n c e , and r e t ir e m e n t p la n s , U n ited S ta te s , r e g io n s and s e le c t e d a r e a s ,
O c t o b e r 1969)
Regions
Type of plan 1
United
States
New
Middle Border South South- Great
east
we st Lakes
England Atlantic States
Areas
Middle Moun
tain Pacific
West
B irming
ham
Chicago Cleve
land
Los Angeles- New YorkLong Beach
North
Detroit Houston and Anaheim— eastern
Santa AnaNew
Garden Grove
Jersey
Office workers
All workers __________________________
Workers in establishments providing:
Life insurance __________________________
Noncontributory plans ______ _________
Accidental death and dismemberment
insurance ____ _____________ _________
Noncontributory plans ______ ____ ______
Sickness and accident insurance or sick
leave or both2 _________________________
Sickness and accident insurance_______
Noncontributory plans _____________
Sick leave (full pay, no waiting
period) _____________________________
Sick leave (partial pay or waiting
period) _____________________________
Hospitalization insurance________________
Noncontributory plans ___________ _____
Surgical insurance ______________________
Noncontributory plans ________________
Medical insurance_______________________
Noncontributory plans ________________
Major medical insurance ________________
Noncontributory plans .________________
Retirement plans 3_1_____________________
Retirement pension___________________
Noncontributory plans _________ ___
Retirement severance ........ ............ .......
No plan.
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
93
66
92
92
89
82
92
43
83
36
97
56
96
84
99
37
96
76
99
64
100
80
67
49
91
91
49
45
92
47
47
27
73
42
80
69
70
26
96
76
71
51
78
65
51
76
72
70
81
73
71
89
79
50
58
38
66
62
44
23
83
69
59
80
72
36
93
77
64
80
46
33
44
23
69
-
17
29
48
33
38
{*)
10
-
-
90
57
93
57
87
56
79
47
52
51
46
4
96
49
96
49
89
48
72
29
67
61
30
7
3
99
84
99
84
98
84
72
58
76
75
75
5
52
89
43
63
63
49
-
3
3
1
1
2
97
74
97
73
93
72
77
55
69
68
60
7
2
-
100
90
100
90
100
90
83
73
77
76
69
1
95
91
94
90
91
88
72
67
82
80
75
14
4
98
61
94
56
90
53
83
45
34
34
24
-
2
2
99
52
99
52
88
8
100
81
100
81
100
81
100
81
56
56
56
-
100
100
100
100
100
97
97
74
49
94
92
97
84
98
71
75
72
98
80
62
62
69
44
94
92
82
79
77
49
75
72
86
95
93
93
93
15
15
15
94
76
74
73
70
49
16
16
82
41
41
66
64
49
9
55
67
49
77
-
-
-
-
18
-
-
.
92
92
92
92
80
80
72
72
85
75
75
9
100
73
100
73
100
73
88
62
64
62
60
12
100
80
100
80
100
80
84
80
98
95
95
3
too
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
68
68
68
74
74
74
54
54
40
91
97
88
97
88
19
10
-
100
98
100
98
100
98
24
24
80
80
80
-
6
6
97
84
97
84
97
84
33
19
91
86
19
5
100
97
100
97
100
97
84
81
80 fc
80
74
16
3
'
1 In clu d e s on ly th o s e pla n s fo r w h ich at lea st part of the c o s t is b o rn e b y the e m p lo y e r and e x c lu d e s le g a lly r e q u ir e d p la n s su ch a s w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a tio n and s o c ia l s e c u r it y ; h o w e v e r ,
p la n s r e q u ir e d b y State t e m p o r a r y d isa b ility in su ra n ce law s a r e in clu d e d if the e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t e s m o r e than is le g a lly r e q u ir e d o r the e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e b e n e fit s in e x c e s s o f the le g a l r e q u ir e m e n t s .
" N o n c o n t r ib u t o r y p la n s " in clu d e on ly th o se plans fin a n ced e n t ir e ly by the e m p lo y e r .
2 U n d u p lica ted t o ta l o f w o r k e r s re c e iv in g s ic k lea v e o r s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e show n s e p a r a t e ly .
3 U n d u p licated t o ta l o f w o r k e r s c o v e r e d by pen sion o r r e t ir e m e n t s e v e r a n c e pla ns show n s e p a r a t e ly .
4 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t .
Table 21. Other selected benefits
(Percent of production and office workers in fabricated structural steel establishments providing cost-of-living adjustments, funeral leave pay, jury duty pay, severance pay,
and supplemental unemployment benefits, United States, regions, and selected areas, October 1969)
1 Unless periodic adjustments were currently provided for, establishments were considered as not having this provision, even though adjustments accrued earlier—
but not incorporated in basic wage rates— continued to be paid as a supplement to such rates.
2 Refers to formal plans providing for payments to employees permanently separated because of a change in technology or plant or department closing.
Appendix A. Scope and Method of Survey
Scope of survey
lists o f establishments assembled considerably in ad
vance o f the payroll period studied.
Included in the survey were establishments engaged
primarily in manufacturing fabricated iron and steel
or other metal for structural purposes, for bridges,
buildings, and sections for ships, boats, and barges
(industry 3441 as defined in the 1967 edition of the
Standard Industrial Classification Manual, prepared by
the U.S. Office o f Management and Budget). Sepa
rate auxiliary units such as central offices were ex
cluded. The establishments studied were selected
from those employing 20 workers or more at the
time of reference of the data used in compiling the
universe lists.
The number o f establishments and workers studied
by the Bureau, as well as the number estimated to
be within scope o f the survey during the payroll
period studied, are shown in table A-l.
Production and office workers
The term “production workers,” as used in this
bulletin, includes working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers engaged in nonoffice functions. Ad
ministrative, executive, professional, and technical
personnel, and force-account construction employees,
who were utilized as a separate work force on the
firm’s own properties, were excluded. Workers of
the covered establishments who were employed at a
construction site away from the shop were also ex
cluded from the production-worker data but were in
cluded in the total-worker employment data shown in
table A -l.
The term “office workers,” includes all nonsupervisory office workers and excludes administrative,
executive, professional, and technical employees.
Method of study
Data Were obtained by personal visits o f the
Bureau’s field staff. The survey was conducted on a
sample basis. To obtain appropriate accuracy at
minimum cost, a greater proportion o f large than o f
small establishments was studied. In combining the
data, however, all establishments were given their
appropriate weight. A ll estimates are presented,
Occupations selected for study
Occupational classification was based on a uniform
set of job descriptions designed to take account of
interestablishment and interarea variations in duties
within the same job. (See appendix B for these de
scriptions.) The occupations were chosen for their
numerical importance, their usefulness in collective
bargaining, or their representativeness o f the entire
job scale in the industry. Working supervisors, ap
prentices, learners, beginners, trainees, and handi
capped, part-time, temporary, and probationary
workers were not reported in the data for selected
occupations but were included in the data for all
production workers.
therefore, as relating to all establishments in the
excluding only those below the minimum
size at the time o f reference of the universe data.
industry,
Establishment definition
An establishment, for purposes of this study, is
defined as a single physical location where industrial
operations are pertormed. An establishment is not
necessarily identical with the company, which may
consist of one or more establishments.
Wage data
Employment
Information on wages relates to average straighttime hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for
overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and
late shifts. Incentive payments, such as those re
sulting from piecework or production bonus systems,
and cost-of-living bonuses were included as a part of
The estimates o f the number of workers within
the scope o f the study are intended as a general
guide to the size and composition of the labor
force included in the survey. The advance planning
necessary to make a wage survey requires the use of
35
T a b l e A - 1 . E s t im a t e d n u m b e r o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s a n d w o r k e r s w i t h in s c o p e o f s u r v e y a n d n u m b e r s t u d ie d ,
fa b r ic a te d s tru c tu r a l s te e l in d u s tr y , O c t o b e r 1 9 6 9
Number of
establishments3
Region1 and area2
Workers in establishments
Actually
studied
Within scope of survey
Within
scope of
survey
Actually
studied
United States ..................................................
869
New England ..............................................................
Middle Atlantic 5 .......................................................
New Yo rk—Northeastern New Jersey..............
Border States ..............................................................
Southeast5 ...................................................................
Birm ingham ............................................................
Southwest5 ................................................................
H ouston...................................................................
Great Lakes5 ..............................................................
Chicago ...................................................................
C leveland................................................................
Detroit ...................................................................
Middle West ................................................................
Mountain .....................................................................
Pacific5 ........................................................................
Los Angeles—Long Beach and Anaheim—
Santa Ana—Garden Grove ...............................
Total4
Production
347
90,773
64.557
7,682
60.808
36
173
64
43
137
6
121
15
173
26
10
18
63
37
86
19
65
18
16
45
6
47
8
72
11
8
11
30
17
36
2,728
20,159
4,408
4,465
12,779
1,413
13,566
1,598
19,643
2,384
910
2,826
6,524
2,894
8,015
1,647
14,543
2,862
2,941
9,812
1,226
10,329
1,153
13,441
1,800
639
1,964
4,745
2,080
5,019
140
1,895
310
355
885
64
953
129
1,989
210
78
192
723
180
562
1,822
14,388
1,855
2,315
7,359
1,413
9,743
1,336
13,223
1,549
855
2,625
4,531
1,915
5,512
34
16
3,035
1,724
186
2,267
Office
Total
1
The regions used in this study include: New England— Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode
Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic— New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; Border States— Delaware, District of Columbia,
Kentucky, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia; Southeast— Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South
Carolina, and Tennessee; South west— Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; Great Lakes— Illinois, Indiana, Michigan,
Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin; Middle West— Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain—
Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific— California, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington.
Alaska and Hawaii were not included in the survey.
2 For definition of areas, see footnote 1, tables 7 through 13.
3 Includes only establishments with 20 workers or more at the time of reference of the universe data.
4 Includes executive, professional, and other workers excluded from the production and office worker categories shown
separately.
5 Includes data for areas in addition to those shown separately.
this rate and one-half received less. The middle range
is defined by two rates o f pay; one-fourth of the em
ployees earned less than the lower o f these rates and
one-fourth earned more than the higher rate.
the workers’ regular pay. Nonproduction bonus pay
ments such as Christmas or yearend bonuses, were
excluded.
Average (mean) hourly rates or earnings for each
occupation or other group of workers, such as men,
women, or production workers, were calculated by
weighting each rate (or hourly earnings) by the num
ber of workers receiving the rate, totaling, and divid
ing by the number o f individuals. The hourly earn
ings of salaried workers were obtained by dividing
their straight-time salary by normal rather than actual
hours. The median designates position, that is, onehalf of the employees surveyed received more than
Size of community
Tabulations by size o f community pertain to
metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. The term
“metropolitan area,” as used in this bulletin, refers
to the Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas as
defined by the U.S. Office o f Management and
Budget through January 1968.
36
Scheduled weekly hours
Except in New England, a Standard Metropolitan
Statistical Area is defined as a county or group of
contiguous counties which contains at least one city
of 50,000 inhabitants or more. Counties contiguous
to the one containing such a city are included in a
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area, if, according
to certain criteria, they are essentially metropolitan
in character and are socially and economically inte
grated with the central city. In New England, the
city and town are administratively more important
than the county and they are the units used in de
fining Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas.
Data on weekly hours refer to the predominant
work schedule for full-time production workers (or
office workers) employed on the day shift, regardless
of sex.
Shift provisions and practices
Shift provisions relate to the policies of establish
ments either currently operating late shifts or having
formal provisions covering late-shift work. Practices
relate to workers employed on late shifts at the time
of the survey.
Supplementary wage provisions
Labor-management agreements
Separate wage data are presented, where possible,
for establishments with (1) a majority of the pro
duction workers covered by labor-management con
tracts, and (2) none or a minority of the production
workers covered by labor-management contracts.
Method of wage payment
Tabulations by method of wage payment relate to
the number of workers paid under the various time
and incentive wage systems. Formal rate structures
for time-rated workers provide single rates or a range
of rates for individual job categories. In the absence
of a formal rate structure, pay rates are determined
primarily by the qualifications of the individual
worker. A single rate structure is one in which the
same rate is paid to all experienced workers in the
same job classification. Learners, apprentices, or pro
bationary workers may be paid according to rate
schedules which start below the single rate and per
mit the workers to achieve the full job rate over a
period of time. Individual experienced workers
occasionally may be paid above or below the single
rate for special reasons, but such payments are ex
ceptions. Range-of-rate plans are those in which the
minimum and/or maximum rates paid experienced
workers for the same job are specified. Specific
rates of individual workers within the range may be
determined by merit, length of service, or a combina
tion of various concepts o f merit and length of serv
ice. Incentive workers are classified under piecework
or bonus plans. Piecework is work for which a pre
determined rate is paid for each unit of output.
Production bonuses are based on production over a
quota or for completion of a task in less than stand
ard time.
37
Supplementary benefits were treated statistically on
the basis that if formal provisions were applicable to
half or more o f the production workers (or office
workers) in an establishment, the benefits were con
sidered applicable to all such workers. Similarly, if
fewer than half o f the workers were covered, the
benefit was considered nonexistent in the establish
ment. Because o f length-of-service and other eligiibility requirements, the proportion of workers receiving
the benefits may be smaller than estimated.
Paid holidays. Paid holiday provisions relate to
full-day and half-day holidays provided annually.
Paid vacations. The summaries o f vacation plans
are limited to formal arrangements, excluding infor
mal plans whereby time off with pay is granted at
the discretion of the employer or supervisor. Plans
such as vacation-savings and those plans which offer
“extended” or “sabbatical” benefits beyond basic
plans to workers with qualifying lengths of service
are also excluded. Payments not on a time basis
were converted; for example, a payment of 2 percent
of annual earnings was considered the equivalent of
1 week’s pay. The periods of service for which data
are presented represent the most common practices,
but they do not necessarily reflect individual estab
lishment provisions for progression. For example, the
changes in proportions indicated at 10 years of
service may include changes which occurred between
5 and 10 years.
Health, insurance, and retirem ent plans. Data are
presented for health, insurance, pension, and retire
ment severance payment plans for which all or a
part of the cost is borne by the employer, excluding
only programs required by law, such as workmen’s
compensation and social security. Among the plans
included are those underwritten by a commercial in
surance company and those paid directly by the em
ployer from his current operating funds or from a
fund set aside for this purpose.
Death benefits are included as a form o f life in
surance. Sickness and accident insurance is limited
to that type o f insurance under which predetermined
cash payments are made directly to the insured on a
weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident
disability. Information is presented for all such plans
to which the employer contributes at least a part of
the cost. However, in New York and New Jersey,
where temporary disability insurance laws require
employer contributions,1 plans are included only if
the employer (1) contributes more than is legally re
quired, or (2) provides the employee with benefits
which exceed the requirements of the law.
Tabulations o f paid sick leave plans are limited to
formal plans which provide full pay or a proportion
of the worker’s pay during absence from work be
cause o f illness; informal arrangements have been
omitted. Separate tabulations are provided according
to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting
period, and (2) plans providing either partial pay or
a waiting period.
Medical insurance refers to plans providing for
complete or partial payment of doctors’ fees. Such
plans may be underwritten by a commercial insurance
company or a nonprofit organization, or they may be
a form o f self-insurance.
Major medical insurance, sometimes referred to
as extended medical insurance, includes plans designed
to cover employees for sickness or injury involving an
expense which exceeds the normal coverage of hos
pitalization, medical, and surgical plans.
Tabulations of retirement pensions are limited to
plans which provide regular payments for the re
mainder o f the retiree’s life. Data are presented
separately for retirement severance payments (one
38
payment or several over a specified period of time)
made to employees on retirement. Establishments
providing both retirement severance payments and
pensions to employees on retirement were considered
as having both retirement pension and retirement
severance pay. Establishments having optional plans
providing employees a choice o f either retirement
severance payments or pensions were considered as
having only retirement pension benefits.
C o s t -o f -liv in g a d ju s tm e n ts .
Provisions for cost-ofliving adjustments relate to formal plans whereby
wage rates are changed periodically in keeping with
changes in the Consumer Price Index or on some
other basis. Unless periodic adjustments were cur
rently provided for, establishments were considered
as not having provisions for cost-of-living adjustments,
even though adjustments accrued earlier— but not in
corporated in basic wage rates— continued to be paid
as a supplement to such rates.
P a id f u n e r a l a n d
j u r y -d u t y
le a v e .
Data for paid
funeral and jury-duty leave are limited to formal
plans which provide at least partial payment for time
lost as a result o f attending funerals of specified
family members or serving as a juror.
S u p p le m e n t a l u n e m p lo y m e n t
b e n e fits .
Data relate
to formal plans designed to supplement benefits paid
under State unemployment systems.
T e c h n o lo g ic a l s e v e ra n c e
p a y .
Data relate to1 for
mal plans providing for payments to employees per
manently separated as a result o f force reduction
arising out o f the introduction o f new equipment
or plant or department closing.
1
The temporary disability insurance laws in California
and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions.
A ppendix B. O ccupational Descriptions
The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’s wage surveys
is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are
employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from
establishment to establishment and from area to area. This classification permits the
grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because
of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability o f occupational
content, the Bureau’s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in
individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these
job descriptions, the Bureau’s field economists are instructed to exclude working
supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, and handicapped, part-time,
temporary, and probationary workers.
Plant Occupations
Bucker-Up, Pneumatic
Crane Operator, Electric Bridge
(H older-on; rivet b u c k e r j
(O v e r h e a d -c r a n e
Assists pneumatic riveter in driving rivets to fasten
together steel plates or structural steel posts by press
ing a heavy steel bar (dolly) against head o f rivet
while the riveter upsets rivet and clinches it from op
posite side by hammering the shank down. May re
move bolts temporarily holding steel members to
gether as riveting progresses. May insert rivets in
position.
Carpenter, Maintenance
Performs the carpentry duties necessary to con
struct and maintain in good repair building woodwork
and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches,
partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made
o f wood in an establishment. Work involves m o s t o f
th e
f o llo w in g :
Planning and laying out of work from
blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions;
using a variety of carpenter’s handtools, portable
power tools, and standard measuring instruments;
making standard shop computations relating to dimen
sions of work; and selecting materials necessary for
the work. In general, the work of the maintenance
carpenter requires rounded training and experience
usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience.
39
o p e r a t o r ;
t r a v e lin g -c r a n e
o p e r a t o r )
Lifts and moves heavy objects with an electrically
powered hoist mounted upon a metal bridge, which
runs along overhead rails. Work involves closing
switch to turn on electricity; moving electrical con
troller levers and brake pedal to run ihe crane bridge
along overhead rails, to run the hoisting trolley back
and forth across the bridge, and to raise and lower
the load line and anything attached to it. (Motions
o f crane are usually carried out in response to signals
from other workers, on the ground.)
For wage study purposes, crane operators are
classified by size of crane, as follows:
Crane operator (combination of sizes
listed separately)
Crane operator, electric bridge
(under 20 tons)
Crane operator, electric bridge
(20 tons and over)
Electrician, Maintenance
Performs a variety of electrical trade functions
such as the installation, maintenance, or repair o f
equipment for the generation, distribution, or utiliza
tion of electric energy in an establishment. Work
involves m o s t o f t h e f o l l o w i n g : Installing or repairing
steel forms by hand or crane. May also perform
simple welding, painting, cleaning, and other duties as
directed by the general mechanic.
any of a variety of electrical equipment such as gen
erators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit
breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or
other transmission equipment; working from blue
prints, drawings, layout, or other specifications; locat
ing and diagnosing trouble in the electrical system
or equipment; working standard computations relating
to load requirements of wiring or electrical equip
ment; and using a variety of electrician’s handtools
and measuring and testing instruments. In general,
the work of the maintenance electrician requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training
and experience.
Helper, Power-Brake
Helps the power-brake operator in positioning and
removing heavy pieces of steel from the brake press.
Usually works with a hand-operated overhead crane,
may use a crowbar to move and hold steel in position,
and performs other heavy work as directed by the
power-brake operator.
Helper, Power-Shear
Helps the power-shear operator in positioning and
removing heavy pieces o f steel from the power shear.
Usually works with a hand-operated overhead crane,
may use a crowbar to move and hold steel in position,
and performs other heavy work as directed by powershear operator.
Fitter, Structural
Assembles and/or fits up in a shop, structural steel
shapes used in the fabrication of buildings, towers,
bridges and other structures. Work includes assem
bling of processed structural steel members in prepa
ration for riveting or welding operations; joining parts
together to see that they are properly processed for
assembly by other workers at the construction site;
using handtools and measuring devices.
Helper, Punch-Press
Helps the punch-press operator in moving heavy
pieces of steel into position on a power punch press.
Usually works with a hand-operated overhead crane,
may use a crowbar to pry and hold steel in position
for punching, and may carry small pieces by hand
from the shearing machines to punch presses. Also
helps in removing steel from punch press.
Flame-Cutting-Machine Operator
(A c e t y le n e -b u m
in g -m
a c h in e
o p e r a t o r ;
m a c h in e
b u r n e r
o p e r a t o r )
Cuts steel plate into various designs and shapes,
using hand guided or automatic flame-cutting ma
chines. Work involves m o s t o f t h e f o l l o w i n g : Lay
ing of template or blueprint of layout on table top
adjacent to machine, or making layout o f design;
positioning work for operations; adjusting burner tip
of cutting torch, regulating flame and speed o f ma
chine according to thickness of metal; and positioning
guide wheels o f machine against a template, or trac
ing course of cutting torch with a pantograph in
producing desired cuts.
Friction-Sawing-Machine Operator
(C u t -o f f -m
a c h in e
o p e r a t o r ;
f r ic t io n -s a w
o p e r a t o r )
Cuts metal stock to specified length, meter, or
bevel with a rapidly rotating, metal disk that heats
the metal part to burning temperature by friction or
with an abrasive wheel. Work involves: Measuring
work and marking line of cut with chalk or scriber;
adjusting position of work on table and holding or
clamping it in place; and pressing pedal or moving
lever to force work against rotating disk or wheel.
Helper, General
Helps the general mechanic by regularly performing
a combination of duties of lesser skill, mainly moving
40
Inspector
Inspects parts, products and/or processes. Performs
such operations as examining parts or products for
flaws and defects, checking their dimensions and ap
pearance to determine whether they meet ,the re
quired standards and specifications.
C la s s A .
Responsible for decisions regarding the
quality of the product and/or operations. Work
involves a n y c o m b i n a t i o n o f t h e f o l l o w i n g : Thor
ough knowledge o f the processing operations in the
branch of work to which he is assigned, including
the use of a variety of precision measuring instru
ments; interpreting drawings, and specifications in in
spection work on units composed o f a large number
of component parts; examining a variety o f products
o f processing operations; determining causes of
flaws in products and/or processes and suggesting
necessary changes to correct work methods; devis
ing inspection procedures for new products.
C la s s B .
Work involves a n y c o m b i n a t i o n o f t h e
f o llo w in g :
Knowledge o f processing operations in
the branch of work to which he is assigned, limited
to familiar products and processes or where per
formance is dependent on past experience; per
forming inspection operations on products and/or
the common metals; selecting standard materials,
parts, and equipment required for his work; and
fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equip
ment. In general, the machinist’s work normally re
quires a rounded training in machine-shop practice
usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience.
processes having rigid specifications, but where the
inspection procedures involve a sequence of inspec
tion operations, including decisions regarding proper
fit or performance of some parts; using precision
measuring instruments.
C la s s C .
Work involves a n y c o m b i n a t i o n o f t h e
f o llo w in g :
Short-cycle, repetitive inspection opera
tions; using a standardized, special-purpose meas
uring instrument repetitively; visual examination of
parts or products, rejecting units having obvious
deformities or flaws.
Marker
Marks outlines of templates on structural steel to
locate holes and cuts. Work involves: Clamping
template to steel and center punching holes through
template; locating some holes by means of simple
gages or measuring tape; and marking contract, sheet,
and piece numbers on steel for identification.
Janitor
(S w e e p e r ;
p o r t e r ;
c le a n e r )
Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory
working areas and washrooms, or premises of an of
fice, apartment house, or commercial or other estab
lishment. Duties involve a c o m b i n a t i o n o f t h e f o l
lo w in g :
Sweeping, mopping o r scrubbing, and pol
ishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse;
dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing
metal fixtures or trimmings; and providing supplies
and minor maintenance services; cleaning lavatories,
showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in
window washing are excluded.
Mechanic, General
Regularly performs a combination of skilled hand
and/or machine operations, such as welding, riveting,
painting, fitting, cutting, and marking, on structural
steel forms, rather than specializing in any one opera
tion. Workers in this classification are usually found
where specialization of operations is impractical and it
is, thus, not possible to classify workers according to
more specific duties.
Lay-Out Man, Structural Steel
Painter, Rough
Applies paint, varnish, lacquer, or other finishes to
surfaces of manufactured products, for protective pur
poses primarily, with brush or spray gun. Work is
repetitive in character, requiring no selection of color
schemes or shading and matching of colors, and the
finishes are either standard in character or prepared
by others.
(L a y e r -o u t )
Works from instructions, blueprints, and work
orders, and lays out specifications for fabrication of
structural steel. Work involves: Locating holes, cuts,
edges, bend lines, etc., in accordance with details of
drawing; measuring and marking off required lengths
of steel; center punching holes, cuts, and edges; and
marking contract sheet, and piece numbers on steel.
Must be familiar with shop practices and symbols and
must compute bevels. Among the tools and equip
ment used are: Square, tape line, soapstone, center
punch, hand hammer, scriber, and various gaging
devices.
For wage study purposes, rough painters are classi
fied as follows:
Painters, rough, brush
Painters, rough, spray
Machinist, Maintenance
Produces replacement parts and new parts in mak
ing repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment
operated in an establishment. Work involves m o s t o f
th e f o llo w in g :
Interpreting written instructions and
specifications; planning and laying out of work; using
a variety of machinist’s handtools and precision meas
uring instruments; setting up and operating standard
machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close toler
ances; making standard shop computations relating to
dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of
machining; knowledge of the working properties of
Planer Operator, Edge or Rotary
Sets up and operates a planer to square, bevel, or
finish edges to specified width and length, either
singly or in stacks of several pieces. Work involves:
Setting up machine by adjusting stop guides and in
serting cutting tools; positioning steel in the bed of
the machine with the aid of helpers; placing cutter
head in position for required processing; controlling
operation of machine; and directing the work of one
or more helpers. May also measure and mark the
length of steel for shearing after proper width has
been attained.
41
Power-Brake Operator, Structural Steel
Riveter, Pneumatic
(B r a k e
(H a m
p re s s
o p e r a t o r ;
b e n d e r -b r a k e
p re s s
o p e r a t o r )
m
e r
r iv e t e r )
Sets up and operates a brake press to bend and
cope structural steel. Work involves: Selecting,
inserting, and adjusting the required dies; laying out
bend lines, or setting stop gages to position bends, or
working to bend lines laid out by others; positioning
material in dies and setting depth of stroke for ram;
activating machine to bend, cope, or crimp material;
manipulating material in dies as required; checking
shape o f materials being formed to templates; and
grinding or filing edges of steel at bond lines to
prevent cracking.
Rivets together metal parts, steel plate and shapes
with a pneumatic hammer. Work involves m o s t o f
th e f o llo w in g :
Working from layout on a variety of
work; using over a period of time a variety of types
and size of riveting hammers; selecting hammer, dies,
rivets for assigned work and inserting die in head of
hammer that corresponds with size of rivet; work on
pressure vessels required to be liquid or steam tight;
and knowledge of riveting temperatures and standard
measurement practices.
Power-Shear Operator
Operates one or more types of power shears to
cut metal sheets, plates, bars, rods, and other metal
shapes to size or length. Work involves m o s t o f t h e
f o llo w in g :
Setting up and operating power-shear
equipment, setting stop gages, alining material and
performing shearing operations on machine; shearing
large or heavy material to layout or specified dimen
sions; and performing shearing operations involving
angular or other difficult cuts.
Stock Clerk
Receives, stores, and issues equipment, material,
merchandise or tools in a stockroom or storeroom.
Work involves a c o m b i n a t i o n o f t h e f o l l o w i n g :
Checking incoming orders; storing supplies; applying
identifications to articles; issuing supplies; taking
periodic inventory or keeping perpetual inventory;
making up necessary reports; and requesting or order
ing supplies when needed. S t o c k r o o m l a b o r e r s , t o o l
c r ib
a tte n d a n ts ,
c le r k s
Punch-Press Operator, Structural Steel
Sets up and operates a punch press to punch
holes in structural steel to prepare the materials for
riveting. Selects the punch, according to the size
o f hole to be punched and fastens it in place in the
head o f the machine; places material on the bed of
the machine so that the center-punch hole is directly
under the point on the punch; and operates the
machine to punch the required holes.
C la s s A .
Work involves: Difficult positioning
of work units because of size or shape, or type
of operation to be performed; processing unusually
large work that is positioned in the press with the
aid o f helpers; processing work units that must be
steadied while operations are being performed; per
forming operations requiring careful positioning of
work and prompt recognition of faulty operation;
examining output and making adjustments as neces
sary to maintain production within standards; and
setting, alining, and adjusting the press.
C la s s
B .
Required mainly to feed, control and
examine operation o f the press, and when trouble
occurs to call on foreman or leadman to correct
the situation. Work involves: The performance
of single operations, such as punching, or piercing
on small- or medium-size stock easily positioned or
performing repetitive and simple punching on
larger stock requiring the assistance of helpers.
42
a n d
a n d
la b o r e r s
e m p lo y e e s
a re
w h o
s u p e rv is e
s to c k
e x c lu d e d .
Template Maker
Makes full-sized wood, cardboard, or sheet-metal
templates from blueprints or models for use in laying
out or marking rivet holes, cuts, and bends on struc
tural steel. Locates holes, cuts, and bevels, applying
mathematical and other technology, and marks their
location, using such layout tools as squares, dividers,
and scales. Also uses powersaws, jointers, trimmers,
handsaws, and planes.
Truckdriver
Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to
transport materials, merchandise, equipment, or men
between various types of establishments such as:
Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses,
wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail
establishments and customers’ houses or places of
business. May also load or unload truck with or
without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and
keep truck in good working order. D r i v e r - s a l e s m e n
a n d
o v e r -t h e -r o a d
d riv e r s
a re
e x c lu d e d .
For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classi
fied by size and type of equipment, as follows:
(Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of
trailer capacity.)
Welder, Machine (Arc or Gas)
Truckdriver (combination of sizes
listed separately)
Truckdriver, light (under 1 Vi tons)
Truckdriver, medium (1H to and including
4 tons)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than
trailer type)
( W e ld in g -m a c h in e
Trucker, Power
Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electricpowered truck or tractor to transport goods and
materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufac
turing plant, or other establishment.
For wage study purposes, workers are classified by
type of truck as follows:
Trucker, power (forklift)
Trucker, power (other than forklift)
Watchman
Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting
property against fire, theft, and illegal entry.
Welder, Hand
(M a n u a l
w e ld e r )
Fuses (welds) metal objects together by manually
guiding a welding torch or stick electrode in the
fabrication o f metal shapes and in repairing broken
or cracked metal objects. In addition to performing
hand welding or brazing operation, the welder may
also lay out guide lines or marks on metal parts and
may cut metal with a cutting torch. Workers ex
clusively engaged in tack welding (tack welders) are
to be excluded from this classification.
G a s s
A .
Work involves making welds in metal
joints placed in any position, including the over
head position.
G a s s
B .
Work involves making welds in metal
joints placed only in the flat or horizontal position.
o p e r a t o r )
Operates one or more types of arc or gas auto
matic welding machines designed to weld metal joints
without manual manipulation of the welding electrode
or torch. Work involves: Clamping work pieces onto
machine; positioning electrode or torch over weld
line at specified angle; threading filler wire from reel
through feed rolls; filling hopper with flux; turning
control knobs to synchronize movement of electrode
or torch and feed of filler wire, and flux with speed
of welding action; setting limit switch which auto
matically stops machine at end of weld; and starting
machine and observing welding action. Workers may
be designated according to the type of equipment
used, such as gas-shielded-arc-welding-machine opera
tor, submerged-arc-welding-machine operator, or gaswelding-machine operator.
Welder, Machine (Resistance)
(B u t t
w e ld e r ;
f la s h
w e ld e r ;
s e a m
w e ld e r ;
s p o t
w e ld e r )
Operates one or more types of r e s i s t a n c e w e l d i n g
a p p a ra tu s
to weld (bond) together metal objects
such as bars, pipes, and plates. Resistance welding
is a process wherein an electric current is passed
through the parts to be welded at the point of con
tact, and mechanical pressure is applied forcing the
contact surfaces together at the points to be joined.
Welding machines are generally designated according
to type of weld performed and arrangement of
welding surfaces of parts to be joined. Welds may
be made on overlapping units in the form of one or
more spots (spot welding) or lineally by using a
rolling electrode (seam welding). Machine welding
of units where the edges are brought together with
out lapping is referred to as butt welding.
Welder, Tack
Manually makes temporary welds along metal
joints to hold parts jn proper alignment for final
welding.
Office Occupations
Clerk, General
work from day to day, as well as knowledge relating
to phases of office work that occur only occasionally.
For example, the range of operations performed may
entail a l l o r s o m e c o m b i n a t i o n o f t h e f o l l o w i n g :
Answering correspondence, preparing bills and in
voices, posting to various records, preparing payrolls,
filing, etc. May operate various office machines and
type as the work requires.
Is typically required to perform a variety o f office
operations, usually because of impracticability of
specialization in a small office or because versatility
is essential in meeting peak requirements in larger
offices. The work generally involves the use of in
dependent judgment in tending to a pattern o f office
43
Clerk, Payroll
Computes wages of company employees and
enters the necessary data on the payroll sheets.
Duties involve: Calculating workers’ earnings based
on time or production records; and posting calculated
data on payroll sheet, showing information such as
worker’s name, working days, time, rate, deductions
for insurance, and total wages due. May make out
paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and
distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating
machine.
been made by another person. May include typing
of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in dupli
cating processes. May do clerical work involving
little special training, such as keeping simple records,
filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing
incoming mail.
Class A. Fertorms one or more o f the follow
ing: Typing material in final form when it in
volves combining material from several sources
or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication,
Stenographer, General
Primary duty is to take dictation, involving a
normal routine vocabulary, from one or more
persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar
machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type
from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple
records or perform other relatively routine clerical
tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does
not include transcribing-machine work.
Typist
Uses a typewriter to make copies of various
material or to make out bills, after calculations have
44
punctuation, etc., o f technical or unusual words
or foreign language material; and planning layout
and typing o f complicated statistical tables to
maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May
type routine form letters varying details to suit
circumstances.
B. Performs one or more o f the follow
Copy typing from rough or clear drafts;
routine typing of forms, insurance policies, etc.;
and setting up simple standard tabulations, or
copying more complex tables already set up and
spaced properly.
C la s s
ing:
Industry Wage Studies
The most recent reports for industries included in
the Bureau’s program o f industry wage surveys since
January 1950 are listed below. Those for which a price
is shown are available from the Superintendent o f Docu
ments, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,
D.C., 20402, or any o f its regional sales offices. Those
for which a price is not shown may be obtained free
as long as a supply is available, from the Bureau of
Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C., 20212, or from any
o f the regional offices shown on the inside back cover.
I. Occupational Wage Studies
M anufacturing
Price
Basic Iron and Steel, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1602 ..............................................................................................................$0.55
Candy and Other Confectionery Products, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1520 .................................................................................30
*Canning and Freezing, 1957. BLS Report 1 3 6 ...............................................................................................................
Free
Cigar Manufacturing, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1 5 8 1 .........................................................................................................................25
Cigarette Manufacturing, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1472 ................................................................................................................ 20
Cotton and Man-Made Fiber Textiles, 1968. BLS Bulletin 1637 ................................................................................
1.00
Distilled Liquors, 1952. Series 2, No. 8 8 ........................................................................................................................... Free
Fabricated Structural Steel, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1463 ........................................................................................................... 30
Fertilizer Manufacturing, 1966. BLS Bulletin 1 5 3 1 ................................................................................................................ 30
Flour and Other Grain Mill Products, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1576 ................ ........................................................................25
Fluid Milk Industry, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1464 ........................................................................................................................ 30
Footwear, 1968. BLS Bulletin 1634 ........................................................................................................................................... 75
Hosiery, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1562 ..............................................................................................................................................70
Industrial Chemicals, 1965. BLS Bulletin 15 2 9 ........................................................................................................................ 40
Iron and Steel Foundries, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1626 ........................................................................................... .. . . . 1.00
Leather Tanning and Finishing, 1968. BLS Bulletin 1 6 1 8 ................................................................................................... 55
Machinery Manufacturing, 1968. BLS Bulletin 1664 ........................................ ..................................................................... 65
Meat Products, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1677 .........................................................................................................................
1.00
Men’s and Boys’ Shirts (Except Work Shirts) and Nightwear, 1968. BLS Bulletin 1659................................................ 65
Men’s and Boys’ Suits and Coats, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1594 .........................................................................................
.75
Miscellaneous Plastics Products, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1439 ...................................................................................................35
Miscellaneous Textiles, 1953. BLS Report 56 ................................................................................................................
Free
Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Parts, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1679 ................................................................................... 75
Nonferrous Foundries, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1498 ................................................................................................................... 40
Paints and Varnishes, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1524 ......................................................................................................................40
Paperboard Containers and Boxes, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1478 ..............................................................................................70
Petroleum Refining, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1526 ........................................................................................................................ 30
Pressed or Blown Glass ana Glassware, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1424 ......................................................................................30
*Processed Waste, 1957. BLS Report 1 2 4 ........................................................................................................................... Free
Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1608 ..............................................................................................60
Radio, Television, and Related Products, 1951. Series 2, No. 8 4 ................................................................................
Free
Railroad Cars, 1952. Series 2, No. 8 6 ................................................................................................................................
Free
*Raw Sugar, 1957. BLS Report 1 3 6 ................................................................................................ ..................................
Free
Southern Sawmills and Planing Mills, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1 5 1 9 ........................................................................................... 30
Structural Clay Products, 1964. BLS Bulletin 14 5 9 ................................................................................................................ 45
Synthetic Fibers, 1966. BLS Bulletin 1540 ..............................................................................................................................30
Synthetic Textiles, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1509 ........................................................................................................................... 40
* Studies of the effects of the $1 minimum wage.
I. Occupational Wage Studies— Continued
M anufacturing— C on tin ned
Price
Textile Dyeing and Finishing, 1965—66. BLS Bulletin 1527 ...................................................................................
*Tobacco Stemming and Redrying, 1957. BLS Report 1 3 6 ......................................................................................
West Coast Sawmilling, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1455 .....................................................................................................
Women’s and Misses’ Coats and Suits, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1508 .........................................................................
Women’s and Misses’ Dresses, 1968. BLS Bulletin 164 9............................................................................................
Wood Household Furniture, Except Upholstered, 1968. BLS Bulletin 1 6 5 1 .......................................................
*Wooden Containers, 1957. BLS Report 1 2 6 ........................................................................................................ ...
Wool Textiles, 1966. BLS Bulletin 1 5 5 1 ........................................................................................................................
Work Clothing, 1968. BLS Bulletin 1624 .................................................... ................................................................
$0.45
Free
.30
.25
.45
.60
Free
.45
.50
N onm an ufacturing
Auto Dealer Repair Shops, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1452 ...............................................................................................
Banking, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1466 .................................................................................................................................
Bituminous Coal Mining, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1583.....................................................................................................
Communications, 1968. BLS Bulletin 1662 ..................................................................................................................
Contract Cleaning Services, 1968. BLS Bulletin 1644 ...............................................................................................
Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Production, 1967. RLS Bulletin 1566 ..........................................................
Department and Women’s Ready-to-Wear Stores, 1950. Series 2, No. 7 8 ..........................................................
Eating and Drinking Places, 1966—67. BLS Bulletin 1588 ......................................................................................
Educational Instritutions: Nonteaching Employees, 1968 -69. BLS Bulletin 1671 ........................................
Electric and Gas Utilities, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1 6 1 4 ..................................................................................................
Hospitals, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1688 ..............................................................................................................................
Hotels and Motels, 1966—67. BLS Bulletin 15 8 7 ......................................................................................... ...
Laundry and Cleaning Services, 1967—68. BLS Bulletin 1645 ................................................. ..............................
Life Insurance, 1966. BLS Bulletin 1569 .....................................................................................................................
Motion Picture Theaters, 1966. BLS Bulletin 1542 ..................................................................................................
Nursing Homes and Related Facilities, 1967—68. BLS Bulletin 16 3 8 ....................................................................
.30
.30
.50
.30
.55
.30
Free
.40
.50
.70
.70
.40
.75
.30
.35
.75
II. Other Industry Wage Studies
Factory Workers’ Earnings— Distribution by Straight-Time Hourly Earnings, 1958. BLS Bulletin 1252 . .
Factory Workers’ Earnings— Selected Manufacturing Industries, 1959. BLS Bulletin 1275 ............................
.40
.35
Employee Earnings and Hours in Nonmetropolitan Areas o f the South and
North Central Regions, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1552 .......................................................... .......................................
.50
Employee Earnings and Hours in Eight Metropolitan Areas o f the South, 1965.
BLS Bulletin 1533 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 40
Employee Earnings and Hours in Retail Trade, June 1966—
Retail Trade (Overall Summary). BLS Bulletin 1584 ............................................................................................
Building Materials, Hardware, and Farm Equipment Dealers. BLS Bulletin 1584-1 .....................................
General Merchandise Stores. BLS Bulletin 1584-2..................................................................................................
Food Stores. BLS Bulletin 1584-3 .............................................................................................................................
Automotive Dealers and Gasoline Service Stations. BLS Bulletin 1584-4 .......................................................
Apparel and Accessory Stores. BLS Bulletin 1584-5 ............................................................................................
Furniture, Home Furnishings, and Household Appliance Stores. BLS Bulletin 1584-6 ...............................
Miscellaneous Retail Stores. BLS Bulletin 1584-7 ..................................................................................................
* Studies of the effects of the SI minimum wage.
* U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1971 O - 424- 676
1.00
.30
.55
.60
.50
.55
.50
.65
B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S
R E G IO N A L O F F IC E S
Region I
1603-A Federal Building
Government Center
Boston, Mass. 02203
Phone: 223-6762 (Area Code 617)
Region V
219 South Dearborn St.
Chicago, III. 60604
Phone: 353-7230 (Area Code 312)
Region II
341 Ninth Ave. Rm. 1025
New York, N.Y. 10001
Phone: 971-5405 (Area Code 212)
Region VI
1100 Commerce St. Rm. 6B7
Dallas, Tex. 75202
Phone: 749-3516 (Area Code 214)
Region III
406 Penn Square Building
1317 Filbert St.
Philadelphia, Pa. 19107
Phone: 597-7796 (Area Code 215)
Regions V II and V III
Federal Office Building
911 Walnut St., 10th Floor
Kansas City, Mo. 64106
Phone: 374-2481 (Area Code 816)
Region IV
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree St. NE.
Atlanta, Ga. 30309
Phone: 526-5418 (Area Code 404)
••
Regions IX and X
450 Golden Gate Ave.
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102
Phone: 556-4678 (Area Code 415)
Regions V II and V III will be serviced by Kansas City.
Regions IX and X will be serviced by San Francisco.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
WASHINGTON, D.C.
20212
O F F IC IA L BUSINESS
PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300
POSTAGE AND FEES PA ID
U .^ DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
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