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INDUSTRY WAGE SURVEY Eating and Drinking Places I JUNE 1961 Bulletin No. 1329 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner INDUSTRY WAGE SURVEY Eating and Drinking Places JUNE 1961 Bulletin No. 1329 June 1962 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Price 40 cents Preface This bulletin sum m arizes wage and related in form ation fo r em ployees o f eating and drinking places in 27 m etropolitan areas studied by the Bureau o f Labor Statistics in June 1961. The study was conducted at the request of the U .S. Department o f L a b or1s Wage and Hour and Public Contracts D ivisions to facilitate the preparation o f a report required under section 13 o f the F air Labor Standards Amendments o f 1961. The report o f the Wage and Hour and Public Contracts D ivisions, submitted to the C ongress by the Secretary o f L abor, was p rim arily concerned with em ployer-paid wages o f w orkers and with the estim ated value o f tips receiv ed by w aiters and w aitresses. Based on inform ation obtained from a representative sample of all m etropolitan areas with a population of 750,000 or m ore, data in the S ecretary’ s report are tabulated by region and by enterprise and establishm ent s a le s -s iz e groups. A copy o f this report m ay be obtained, as long as the supply la sts, fro m the Wage and Hour and Public Contracts D ivisions, U .S. Department o f Labor, Washington 25, D .C . The present report, prepared by George L. Stelluto o f the Bureau's D ivision of Wages and Industrial Relations, provides detailed inform ation on the wages o f w orkers in selected occupations, separately fo r each o f the survey areas. F ield w ork for the survey was directed by the A ssistant Regional D irectors fo r W ages and Indus trial Relations. iii Contents Page Sum m ary --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Industry c h a r a c t e r is t ic s ------------------------------------------------------------A v e ra g e h ou rly w ages __________________________________________ O ccu pation al w ages _____________________________________________ A v e ra g e h o u rly tips --------------------------------------------------------------------E sta b lish m en t p r a c t ic e s and su pplem en tary w age p ro v isio n s F r e e m e a ls ___________________________________________________ Scheduled w eek ly h ou rs _____________________________________ O v e rtim e pay ________________________________________________ P aid h olid a ys ________________________________________________ P aid v a ca tion s -------------------------------------------------------------------------H ealth, in su ra n ce, and pen sion plans _____________________ N on produ ction b on u ses 1 1 3 3 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 T a b le s : W age d istrib u tio n : 1. A ll n o n su p e rv iso r y e m p lo y e e s ________________________________________ 2. M en n o n su p e rv iso ry e m p lo y e e s ________________________________________ 3. W om en n o n su p e rv iso ry e m p lo y ees _____________________________________ 8 10 12 A v e ra g e h o u rly w a g e s: 4. S e le cte d occu p a tion s _______________ 14 W age 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. d istrib u tio n (s e le c te d o ccu p a tio n s): M en b a rte n d e rs ( s e r v ic e b a r s) ___ M en a ssista n t co o k s _______________ M en d ish w a sh ers ___________________ W om en c a s h ie r s ____________________ W om en cou n ter a tte n d a n ts_________ P an try w o m e n ________________________ 18 19 21 23 25 27 W ages and tip s: 11. W a i t e r s a n d w a i t r e s s e s ______________ ___ _____ ________________________ 29 E sta b lish m en t p r a c tic e s and su pplem entary w age p r o v is io n s : 12. Scheduled w eek ly h ou rs _________________________________ 13. O v e rtim e p rem iu m pay _________________________________ 14. P aid h olid a ys _____________________________________________ 15. P aid va ca tion s ____________________________________________ 16. H ealth, in su ra n ce, and pen sion p l a n s __________________ 17. N on produ ction b on u ses _________________________________ 31 33 35 37 45 47 A pp en dixes: A. Scope and m eth od o f su rv ey _______________________________________________ B. O ccu pa tion a l d e s c rip tio n s _________________________________________________ 49 53 Industry W age Survey— Eating and Drinking Places, June 1961 Sum m ary A v e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h ou rly w ages paid b y the e m p lo y e rs to n on su p erv is o r y e m p lo y e e s in eating and drinking p la ce s in June 1961 ranged fr o m 90 cen ts o r le s s in 6 a re a s (a ll in the South) to $ 1 .8 8 in San F r a n c is c o —Oakland, am ong the 27 a re a s studied by the B ureau o f L a b or S t a t is t ic s .1 M en, with few ex cep tion s accou n tin g f o r the la r g e m a jo r ity o f the em ploym en t in the re la tiv e ly h ig h -p a id jo b s , r e c e iv e d h igh er a v e ra g e w ages as a grou p than w om en in each o f the c itie s studied, u su a lly by 15 to 30 cen ts an hour in southern a re a s and 25 to 50 cen ts in a re a s ou tside the South. A m on g the occu p a tion s studied sep a ra tely , h igh est w ages w ere r e c o r d e d fo r m en head c o o k s who a v e ra g e d m o re than $ 2 an hour in a ll but th ree a r e a s . M en a ssista n t co o k s and b a rte n d e rs a lso r e c e iv e d r e la tiv e ly high w ag es, av eragin g m o r e than $ 1 .7 5 an hour in m o s t c it ie s . W aiters and w a itr e s s e s accou n ted .fo r betw een o n e -fift h and tw o -fifth s o f the in d u stry 1s em ploym en t in ea ch o f the a re a s studied. W ages paid by the e m p lo y e r to w a iters and w a itr e s s e s a v era g ed le s s than $ 1 an hour in a ll but a few o f the a r e a s . In m o s t esta b lish m en ts, the value o f tips r e c e iv e d by th ese e m p lo y e e s was in e x c e s s o f the w ages paid by the e m p lo y e r . The m a jo r ity o f the n o n su p e rv iso ry e m p lo y e e s in a ll a re a s w ere p ro v id e d paid v a ca tio n s . P r o v is io n s fo r paid h olid a y s, fr e e m e a ls and u n ifo rm s , and v a rio u s types o f health and in su ra n ce ben efits w e re a lso p rev alen t in m o st a r e a s . Industry C h a r a c te r is tic s Eating and drinking p la ce s within sco p e o f the 2 7 -a r e a su rv ey accou n ted fo r a p p ro x im a te ly a fou rth o f the estim ated 1 ,6 6 7 ,6 0 0 em p loy ees in the in d u stry during June 1 9 6 1 .2 T otal em ploym en t in the individual a re a s ranged fr o m n ea rly 85, 000 in New Y ork C ity to 3, 000 in M em phis. C h ica g o, L o s A n g eles—Long B each, and New Y ork C ity tog eth er accou n ted fo r tw o -fifth s o f the 402, 653 n on su p er v is o r y e m p lo y e e s c o v e r e d by the study. W om en accou n ted fo r fr o m o n e -h a lf to tw o -th ird s o f the n o n su p e rv iso ry e m p loy ees in m o st a re a s; the p ro p o rtio n s o f w om en w e re h igh est in M em phis and P ittsbu rgh (74 and 71 p e rce n t, r e s p e c t iv e ly ), and lo w e st in San F r a n c is c o —Oakland and New Y ork C ity (40 and 26 p e rcen t, r e s p e c t iv e ly ). W a itre s se s outnum bered w a iters in a ll a re a s ex cep t New Y ork C ity, w h ere w a ite rs w e re m o r e n u m erou s. C a s h ie r s , c h e c k e r -c a s h ie r s , and fo o d c h e c k e r s w e re am ong the oth er jo b s studied se p a ra te ly that w ere la r g e ly staffed by w om en. M en, on the oth er hand, g e n e ra lly accou n ted fo r the la rg e m a jo r ity o f the b a rte n d e rs , c o o k s , d ish w a sh e rs, and p o r te r s . 1 See appendix A fo r sc o p e and m ethod o f su rv e y and defin ition o f the a re a s c o v e r e d b y the study. W age data con tain ed in this bu lletin exclu d e tips and the value o f fr e e m e a ls , r o o m s , and u n ifo rm s , i f any w e re p rov id ed , and p rem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eeken ds, h o lid a y s, and late sh ifts. In form ation on the estim a ted value o f tips r e c e iv e d by the w a ite rs and w a itr e s s e s is re p o rte d sep a ra tely . 2 F o r BLS em ploym en t estim a tes fo r eating and drinking p la ce s in June 1961, se e M onthly L a b o r R e v ie w , F e b ru a ry 1962, table A - 2, p. 208. 1 2 W a iters and w a itr e s s e s as a grou p accou n ted fo r th ree-ten th s o f the nons u p e r v is o r y em ploym en t in the 27 a re a s co m b in ed . D ish w a sh ers, the next la r g e s t occu p a tion a l grou p studied se p a ra te ly , accou n ted fo r about a tenth o f the e m p lo y m ent. A s in d ica ted in the fo llo w in g tabulation, ea ch o f the rem ain in g occu p a tion a l c la s s ific a t io n s studied se p a ra te ly accou n ted fo r su bstan tially le s s than a tenth o f the n o n su p e rv iso r y em ploym en t. The r e la tiv e em ploym en ts in these occu p a tion s Percent of em ployees in selected occupations, 27 areas combined A ll nonsupervisory em ployees ___ 100 B a r te n d e r s .......................... Busboys (and g irls) -----------------------Cashiers ____________________________ C h eck e r-cash ie rs _________________ Ch eckers, food ............................ Cooks, a s s is ta n t.-----------------------------Cooks, head _________ Cooks, short order -------Counter attendants _■________________ Dishwashers __ H o ste sse s (and hosts) ------------------Kitchen h e lp e r s _____________________ Pantrym en (and women) ________—P o rters ______________________________ W aiters and w a itre sse s ___________ 4 6 2 (* ' (* ' 4 2 5 3 10 1 3 2 3 30 A ll other nonsupervisory em ployees -------------------------------------- 23 1 L e ss than 0. 5 percent. v a r ie d som ew hat am ong the a r e a s . T hus, the p ro p o rtio n s o f w o rk e rs em p loy ed as b a rte n d e rs ran ged fr o m 8 p e rce n t in M ilwaukee to l e s s than 1 p e rce n t in th ree sou th ern c it ie s . The p ro p o rtio n o f w o rk e rs em p loy ed as w a iters and w a itr e s s e s ran ged fr o m n e a rly tw o -fifth s in L os Angeies-^-Long B each and M iam i to sligh tly m o r e than o n e -fifth in P h ilad elph ia. L a b o r-m a n a g e m e n t co n tra ct a g re em en ts c o v e rin g w ages and w orking con d ition s o f n o n o ffice e m p lo y e e s w ere r e p o rte d by esta b lish m en ts accou n ting fo r at le a st o n e -h a lf o f su ch em ploym en t in 8 o f the 27 a r e a s . A s in d ica ted in the follow in g tabulation, Miami, and W ashington, D. C. , w ere the on ly southern a re a s in w hich as m any as a fifth o f the e m p lo y e e s w ere in esta b lish m en ts with such a g re e m e n ts. The H otels & R estaurant E m p loy ees and B a rten d ers International Union (A F L -C IO ) was the m a jo r la b o r o rg a n iza tion in the in du stry. P e r c e n t o f n o n o ffic e e m p lo y e e s in e sta b lish m e n ts with union c o n tr a c t a g re e m e n ts P ortla n d , San F r a n c is c o —Oakland ____ ____________________ C incinnati, D e tro it, New Y ork C ity, St. L ouis _________ L os A n g eles—Long B ea ch , M in n ea p olis—St; Paul ________ B u ffa lo, N ew ark and J e r s e y City ------- -----------------------------C h icago, C lev elan d , K ansas C ity, M ia m i, M ilw aukee, P h ilad elp h ia, W ashington, D. C. _____________ — _____ A tlanta, B a ltim o r e , B o sto n , D a l la s ,1 D en v er, H ou ston , In dian apolis, M em p h is, New O rle a n s, 1 P it t s b u r g h ____ 1 None o f a g re e m e n ts. the 80 60 50 40 to to to to 90 70 60 50 20 to 3C L e s s than 10 esta b lish m en ts v is ite d during the su rv e y r e p o rte d c o lle c t iv e b a rga in in g 3 F o r m a lly esta b lish ed rate stru ctu res prov id in g a sin gle rate fo r each jo b c la s s ific a t io n w ere re p o rte d by estab lish m en ts em ployin g a m a jo r ity o f the e m p lo y e e s in C h ica go, D etroit, L os A n g eles—Long B each, M iam i, M inneapolis— St. Paul, New O rlea n s, New Y ork C ity, P ortlan d ( O r e g .), St. L o u is, and San F r a n c is c o —Oakland. In a ll oth er a r e a s , the m a jo r ity o f the e m p lo y e e s w ere in e sta b lish m en ts in w hich w ages w ere d eterm in ed p r im a r ily by the q u a lifica tion s o f the individual e m p lo y e e s. It is estim ated that a p p rox im a tely tw o -fifth s o f the n o n su p e rv iso ry e m p lo y e e s c o v e r e d by the study r e c e iv e d cu s to m e r tips in addition to e m p lo y e r -p a id w ages. N ine-tenths o r m o re o f the w a iters and w a itr e s s e s in n e a rly 3 a ll a re a s w ere re p o rte d as r e ce iv in g tips; the m a jo r ity o f the b a rten d ers (pu blic b a rs) in m o st a re a s a ls o r e c e iv e d tip s. E stab lish m en ts c o v e r e d by the study ty p ica lly w ere open to the public 7 days a w eek; in ea ch a r e a , h ow ev er, 6 -d a y op era tion s w ere freq u en tly re p o rte d . E stab lish m en ts open le s s than 6 days a week accou n ted fo r m o re than a tenth o f the e m p lo y e e s in only a few a r e a s . A p p ro x im a te ly tw o -th ird s o f the e m p lo y e e s in the 27 a r e a s com b in ed w ere e m p loy ed by esta b lish m en ts operating 80 o r m o r e hours a week; an eighth w ere in esta b lish m en ts with continuous o p e ra tio n s. N early th re e -te n th s o f the e m p lo y e e s w ere in esta b lish m en ts open betw een 40 and 80 h ou rs. A v e ra g e H ou rly W ages A v e ra g e h ou rly w ages paid by e m p lo y e rs to n o n su p e rv iso ry em p lo y e e s in eating and drinking p la ce s in June 1961 am ounted to 90 cen ts o r le s s in six southern c it ie s , 96 cen ts in B a ltim ore and Indianapolis, and to $ 1 o r m o r e in a ll oth er c it ie s . New Y ork C ity, accou n ting fo r n e a rly a fifth o f the estim a ted 4 0 2 ,6 5 3 e m p lo y e e s c o v e r e d by the 2 7 -a r e a study, had an av era g e wage o f $ 1 .4 3 an hour. This pay le v e l was e x ce e d e d only in San F r a n c is c o —Oakland ($ 1 .8 8 ) , L os A n g eles—Long B each ($ 1. 52), and P ortlan d ($ 1 . 50). The a v e ra g e wage paid to m en, as a grou p, was higher than that fo r w om en in each a re a — rusually by 15 to 30 cents an hour am ong the southern c it ie s and by 25 to 50 cen ts fo r the other c itie s (ta b les 2 and 3). Men, with few e x ce p tio n s, accou n ted fo r the la rg e m a jo r ity o f th e’ em p loy ees in the r e la tiv e ly h igh -p a id jo b s ( d i g . , b a rte n d e rs and head c o o k s ). in te ra re a d iffe r e n c e s in a v e ra g e w ages paid to all n o n su p e rv iso ry e m p lo y e e s reflected * in part, v a ria tio n s in the p ro p o rtio n s o f m en and w om en in the in du stry. F o r ex am p le, the o v e r a ll av e ra g e fo r New Y ork C ity (74 p e rce n t o f the em p lo y e e s w ere men) e x ce e d e d that in M ilw aukee (65 p ercen t o f the e m p lo y e e s w ere wom en) by 18 cents an h ou r, although the a v e ra g e s in .New Y ork C ity w ere only 8 cents h ig h er fo r w om en and a ctu a lly 2 cen ts lo w e r fo r m en. The p ro p o rtio n s o f n o n su p e rv iso ry em p lo y e e s earning le s s than $ 1 an hour in June 1961 ranged fr o m tw o -th ird s o r m o r e in A tlanta, D alla s, H ouston, M em phis, and New O rleans to le s s than a tenth in the th ree P a c ific C oast a re a s studied (table 1). It should be noted that these tabulations a re lim ited to wages paid by the e m p lo y e r and do not in clude the value o f tips r e c e iv e d by such e m p lo y e e s as w a ite rs and w a itr e s s e s . The m a jo r ity o f the w o rk e rs earn ed le s s than $ 1 .2 5 an hour in 23 o f the 27 a re a s; in New Y ork C ity and L os A n g e le s Long B each, the p ro p o rtio n s w ere betw een 40 and 45 p ercen t; in P ortlan d and San F r a n c is c o —Oakland, betw een 10 and 15 p e rce n t. O ccu pation al W ages O ccu pation al c a te g o r ie s fo r w hich a v era g e stra ig h t-tim e h ou rly e m p lo y e r -p a id w ages a re p re se n te d in table 4 accou n t fo r m o r e than th r e e -fifth s o f 3 The p ro p o rtio n s o f w a iters and w a itr e s s e s r e ce iv in g tips w ere sligh tly le s s than n in e-ten th s in Atlanta, New Y ork C ity, and San F r a n c is c o —Oakland. 4 the n o n su p e rv iso ry em ploym en t in eating and drinking p la ce s in ea ch o f the a re a s studied in June 1961. O ccu pation al a v e ra g e s w ere g e n e ra lly h igh est am ong the P a c ific C oa st c it ie s and lo w e st am ong southern c it ie s . T h ere w e re , h ow ev er, ex cep tio n s to this b ro a d re g io n a l grouping o f occu p a tion a l pay le v e ls . F or ex a m p le, m en a ss is ta n t and s h o r t -o r d e r c o o k s in New Y ork C ity had h igher a v era g e w ages than th e ir co u n terp a rts in P ortlan d. O ccu pation al wage le v e ls in D en ver, In d ian ap olis, and Kansas C ity w ere freq u en tly n ear o r b e lo w th ose r e c o r d e d in so m e sou th ern a r e a s . M en head c o o k s , h ighest paid am ong the occu p a tion s studied sep a ra tely in v irtu a lly a ll a r e a s , had a v e ra g e h ou rly w ages am ounting to m o r e than $ 3 in fou r c it ie s , betw een $ 2 .5 0 and $ 3 in eight c it ie s , and m o r e than $ 2 in a ll but th ree c it ie s . A v e r a g e s fo r m en a ssista n t co o k s w ere above $ 1 .7 5 an hour in m o st c it ie s ; m en s h o r t -o r d e r co o k s u su a lly a v e ra g e d fr o m 25 to 50 cen ts le s s than m en a ssista n t c o o k s . M en e m p lo y ed as dish w a sh ers w ere n u m e rica lly m o st im p orta n t am ong the k itch en jo b s studied se p a ra te ly in 22 a re a s and had a v e ra g e h o u rly w ages ranging fr o m 46 cen ts in M em phis to $ 1 .6 3 in San F r a n c is co -O a k la n d . W om en dish w a sh ers had h igh er a v e ra g e s than m en in this occu p a tio n in 13 c it ie s , u su a lly by 5 to 15 cen ts an hour. B a rte n d e rs , the h igh est paid b a r and dining r o o m jo b studied se p a ra te ly in n e a rly a ll c it ie s , r e c e iv e d a v e ra g e h ou rly w ages ranging fr o m $ 1 ,3 2 in M iam i to o v e r $ 2 in eight a r e a s ; th ere was no co n siste n t re la tion sh ip in a v era g e w ages paid to b a rte n d e rs w ork in g at pu blic b a rs and th ose em p loy ed at s e r v ic e b a r s . W om en c a s h ie r s a v e ra g e d fr o m 89 cen ts an hour in M em phis to $ 1 .9 3 in San F r a n c is c o —Oakland; h o s te s s e s u su a lly a v era g ed fr o m 10 to 30 cen ts an hour m o re than c a s h ie r s , though in a fe w a r e a s , a v e ra g e s fo r c a s h ie r s w ere slig h tly h igh er. Bus b oy s a v e ra g e d le s s than $ 1 an hour in a ll but s ix a r e a s . W ages paid to both w a ite rs and w a itr e s s e s a v e ra g e d le s s than $ 1 an hour in a ll a r e a s e x ce p t M in neapolis—St. Paul, New Y ork C ity (w h ere w a iters a v era g e d $ 1 .0 2 c o m p a r e d with 92 cen ts fo r w a itr e s s e s ), and th ree P a c ific C oast c it ie s . A v e r a g e s b e lo w 50 cen ts an hour w ere freq u en tly r e c o r d e d am ong the southern c it ie s . A m on g the a re a s p erm ittin g c o m p a ris o n , w a iters had h igher a v e ra g e s than w a itr e s s e s in 14 c it ie s , u su ally by 5 to 20 cen ts an hour; in 10 c it ie s , a v e ra g e s o f w a itr e s s e s e x ce e d e d those o f w a ite rs. Id en tical h ou rly a v e ra g e s w e re r e c o r d e d f o r w a ite rs and w a itr e s s e s in B uffalo (81 cen ts) and New O rlean s (40 c e n ts). In c o n sid e rin g the w ages o f w o rk e rs in th ese o ccu p a tion s, it should be noted that the g re a t m a jo r ity w ere re p o rte d as r e c e iv in g tip s. Individual w ages o f e m p lo y e e s v a rie d c o n s id e r a b ly within the sam e occu p a tion a l c la s s ific a t io n and la b o r -m a r k e t a r e a (tables 5 through 10). A s illu stra te d in the fo llo w in g tabulation o f w ages o f m en dish w a sh ers in fiv e s e le c te d a r e a s , the v a ria tio n s in individual w ages w ere s u fficie n tly g rea t that the w ages o f som e e m p lo y e e s in a re a s with co m p a r a tiv e ly lo w a v era g e w ages e x ce e d e d th ose o f som e e m p lo y e e s in a re a s with m a rk e d ly higher a v e ra g e s . Number of men dishwashers with specified hourly wages in— Atlanta $0. 50 ____________________ and under $0. 75 _________ and under $ 1. 0 0 __________ and under $ 1 .2 5 ---------------and under $ 1. 5 0 __________ and under $2. 0 0 ---------------and over __________________ 72 348 35 - Total number of workers -----------Average hourly wages ___________ Under $0. 50 $0. 75 $ 1. 00 $ 1. 25 $ 1. 50 $ 2. 00 Boston - New York City - Chicago - San Francis c o Oakland - - 219 1,382 580 106 - 249 295 2, 179 2,800 2,289 1 40 1, 308 2,061 451 157 - 33 178 1,221 23 455 $0. 61 2,287 $ 1. 13 7,813 $1. 32 4, 017 $1. 05 1,455 $1. 63 - 5 A v e ra g e H ou rly T ips The wage in fo rm a tio n p r e v io u s ly p resen ted in the text o f this r e p o r t is lim ite d to w ages paid by the e m p lo y e r. G ratu ities con stitu ted a substantial supplem ent to w ages fo r m any o f the em p lo y e e s in this in du stry. T w o -fifth s o f the non su p e r v is o r y em ploym en t in the 27 a re a s com b in ed w ere re p o rte d as r e ce iv in g cu s to m e r tip s. O ver n in e-tenths o f the w a iters and w a itr e s s e s and t h r e e -fifth s o f the b a rte n d e rs in pu blic b a rs w ere in this c a te g o ry . In form ation on the a v e ra g e h ou rly tips o f w a iters and w a itr e s s e s was obtained at the req u est o f the W age and Hour and P u b lic C on tra cts D iv isio n s to a s s is t in th eir study o f the in d u stry as d ir e c te d by the F a ir L a b or Standards A m endm ents o f 1 9 6 1 .4 T his in fo rm a tio n was tabulated to r e p r e s e n t a ll m etro p o lita n a re a s with a population o f 7 5 0 ,0 0 0 o r m o r e , p rov id in g national and reg io n a l e stim a te s . In form ation fo r a ll o f the 27 a re a s e x cep t Indianapolis and M em phis was thus inclu d ed. B eca u se the p r im a r y in te re st o f the study was in the lo w e r paid w o rk e rs , tabulations o f a v e ra g e h o u rly tips w ere term in a ted at the in terv a l $ 1. 25 and o v e r . N e a rly se v e n -e ig h th s o f the w a iters and w a itr e s s e s in the N ation’ s la r g e s t c it ie s w e re em p loy ed b y e stab lish m en ts in w hich the estim a ted a v era g e h o u rly tips f o r th ese w o r k e rs w e re 50 cen ts o r m o r e an h our. 5 In m ost e s ta b lis h m en ts, the estim a ted value o f tips was in e x c e s s o f w ages paid to th ese e m p lo y e e s by the e m p lo y e r . T w o -fifth s o f th ese w a iters and w a itr e s s e s w ere in e s ta b lis h m ents with e stim a te d a v e ra g e h ou rly tips o f at le a s t $ 1. 25 an hour. The a v e r age h ou rly wage fo r w a iters and w a itr e s s e s was 86 ce n ts. A s in d ica ted in the fo llo w in g tabulation, tips a v e ra g e d highest in the N orth east and W estern re g io n s and lo w e st in the South. Thus, eating and drinking P ercent of w aiters and w a itresses by establishm ent average hourly tips Establishm ent average hourly tips United States Northeast No tips __________________________ $0. 01 and under $0. 5 0 ___________ $0. 50 and under $0. 7 5 ___________ $0. 75 and under $ 1 . 0 0 ___________ $ 1 .0 0 and under $ 1 . 2 5 ___________ $ 1 .2 5 and over ________________ - 5 9 12 15 19 40 6 6 8 13 22 46 Total -------------------------------------------- 100 100 South 4 14 22 16 16 27 100 North Central W e st 1 12 16 17 19 35 9 5 9 15 17 45 100 100 NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal 100. p la ce s in w hich the a v e ra g e h ou rly tips fo r w a iters and w a itre s s e s e x ce e d e d $ 1 .2 5 a ccou n ted fo r ju s t under h alf o f th ese e m p lo y e e s in the N orth east and W estern r e g io n s , a p p ro x im a te ly a th ird in the N orth C en tral re g io n , and a p p ro x im a te ly a fou rth in the South. T h ere d oes not a ppear to be a co n sisten t and definite rela tion sh ip betw een e m p lo y e r -p a id w ages and the value o f tip s. Thus, tips o f w a iters and w a itr e s s e s 4 See p r e fa c e fo r p u rp ose o f study and the a v a ila b ility o f the WHPC re p o rt w hich in clu d es d eta iled tabulations on the value o f tips r e c e iv e d by w a iters and w a itr e s s e s . 5 E stim a tes o f the a v e ra g e h ou rly tips fo r w a iters and w a itre s s e s w ere d e r iv e d fr o m in fo rm a tio n p ro v id e d by eating and drinking p la ce o ffic ia ls . One o f the c o m m o n p r o c e d u r e s u sed was to (1) m u ltip ly g r o s s w eek ly r e c e ip ts fo r ea ch o f the m e a l p e rio d s b y the e m p lo y e r ’ s estim a te o f the percen tag e o f g r o s s r e c e ip ts r e c e iv e d in tips during ea ch m e a l p e rio d , (2) sum these p rod u cts, and (3) divide by the a g greg a te w eek ly hours w ork ed by a ll em p loy ees in the occu p a tion . a v era gin g $ 1 25 o r m o r e an hour w e re r e p o rte d by estab lish m en ts with a v e ra g e w ages fo r th ese e m p lo y e e s ranging fr o m le s s than 30 cen ts to as m uch as $ 1 50 an hour (table 11). S im ila rly , tips a v era gin g le s s than 75 cen ts an hour w ere re p o rte d by e sta b lish m en ts with an ea u a llv wide range o f w ages. E stab lish m en t P r a c t ic e s and Supplem entary W age P r o v is io n s as Data w e re a ls o obtained on- c e r ta in estab lish m en t p r a c tic e s such p re v is io n s fo r fr e e m e a ls and u n iform s,, w ork sch ed u les, and s e le c te d s u p p le m en tary b e n e fits, including paid h olid ays and v a ca tion s, re tire m e n t pen sion plans, Life in su ra n ce , sic k n e ss and a ccid e n t in su ra n ce , and h osp ital and s u r g ic a l b en efits. F r e e M e a ls . N ea rly n in e-ten th s o f the n o n su p e rv iso ry em p lo y e e s in eating and drinking p la ce s in the 27 a r e a s com b in ed r e c e iv e d at; le a s t foiie fr e e m ea l during days w ork ed . A th ird r e c e iv e d one m ea l and sligh tly m o r e than half r e c e iv e d two o r th ree m e a ls. One Or m o te fr e e m ea ls d aily w ere p rov id ed th r e e -fifth s o r m o r e o f the e m p lo y e e s in each o f the a r e a s . P r o v is io n s fo r one m ea l a day w ere m o st co m m o n in B oston , C in cin n ati, D en ver, D etroit, M ilw aukee, M innea polis—St. P aul, New O rlea n s, and P ittsburgh; two o r th ree fr e e m e a ls d aily w ere co m m o n ly p ro v id e d in all oth er a re a s E m p lo y e rs w ere ask ed to r e p o r t on th eir c o s t o f p rovidin g fr e e m e a ls to e m p lo y e e s , e x p r e s s e d as a p ercen t o f total r e c e ip ts . A s in dicated p re v io u s ly , esta b lish m en ts not having sudh p r o v is io n s accou n ted fo r a p p rox im a tely a tenth o f the em ploym en t in the 27 a re a s co m b in ed . E stab lish m en ts estim atin g the c o s t o f p rov id in g fr e e m e a ls to am ount to a p p rox im a tely 2 p e rcen t o f total r e c e ip ts a ccou n ted fo r th ree-ten th s o f the e m p loy ees. O thef e stim a tes’ arid tiie p ro p o rtio n s o f e m p lo y e e s in such esta b lish m en ts w ere: 1 p ercen t, n e a rly a fifth o f the e m p lo y e e s; 3 p e rce n t, an addition al fifth; 4 p e rcen t, n ea rly a tenth; and 5 o r m o r e p e rce n t, som ew hat le s s than a tenth o f the e m p loy ees In n e a rly all o f the individual a r e a s , a la r g e m a jo r ity o f the e m p lo y e e s w ere em p loy ed in esta b lish m en ts fo r w hich the c o s t estim a te s ranged fr o m 1 to 3 p e rcen t. U n ifo rm s. U n iform s w ere fu rn ish ed and clea n ed fo r a m a jo r ity of the n o n su p e rv iso r y (e x ce p t o ffic e ) e m p lo y e e s in esta b lish m en ts em p loyin g n ea rly th re e -fo u r th s o f th ese e m p lo y e e s in the 27 a rea s com b in ed . A tlanta, D alla s, D en ver, M iam i, New O rle a n s, and M ilw aukee w ere the on ly a re a s in w hich le s s than half o f the e m p lo y e e s w e re in esta b lish m en ts with such p ro v isio n s, Scheduled W eekly H o u rs. The la r g e m a jo r ity o f the n o n su p e rv iso ry env p lo y e e s in n o n o ffice jo b s w ere sch ed u led to w ork 40 o r m o re hours a w eek in 26 o f the 27 a re a s (table 12), W ork sch ed u les o f 48 h ou rs a w eek w ere m o st co m m o n ly r e p o r te d in B oston , C h ica g o , C levelan d, D en ver, Indianapolis., Kansas C ity, and in ea ch o f the eight sou thern a re a s studied; tw o -th ird s o f the em p loy e e s in San F r a n c is c o —Oakland w ere sch ed uled to w ork 371/2 hours a w eek. In n ea rly a ll oth er a r e a s , w eek ly w ork schedules, o f 40 h ours w ere predom inant. W eekly w ork sch ed u les o f 40 hou rs w e re m o r e p revalen t fo r o ffic e than fo r n on otfice e m p lo y e e s in m o st c itie s O v e rtim e P a y . E stab lish m en ts p rov id in g pay fo r w ork beyond re g u la r sch ed uled w eek ly hou rs accou n ted fo r a m a jo r ity o f the n o n su p e rv iso ry , ex cep t o ffic e , e m p lo y e e s in a ll a re a s e x cep t M ilwaukee (table 13). S tra ig h t-tim e pay fo r w eek ly o v e r tim e h ou rs was c o m m o n ly p rov id ed in B oston , C h ica g o, C levelan d , In dianapolis, and sev en southern c it ie s ; tim e and O ne-half the re g u la r rate fo r w ork in e x c e s s o f 40 hours was co m m o n in m ost oth er c it ie s . P r o v is io n s fo r s tra ig h t-tim e pay fo r d a ily o v e r tim e w ork w ere co m m o n ly r e p o rte d in 16 a re a s and tim e and o n e -h a lf the re g u la r rate fo r w ork in e x c e s s o f 8 hours a day was p revalen t in n e a rly a ll rem ain in g c it ie s P aid H o lid a y s. P aid h olidays w ere p rov id ed by esta b lish m en ts accounting fo r half o r m o r e o f the n o n su p e rv iso ry , ex cep t o ffic e , e m p lo y e e s in 21 a rea s and le s s than tw o -fifth s in C h ica go, D en ver, D etroit, M iam i, M ilw aukee, and P ortlan d (table 14). P r o v is io n s fo r 7 paid holid ays a y ea r w ere m ost co m m o n in New Y ork C ity and St. L ou is; 6 days a y ea r in B u ffalo, C levelan d, M inneapolis— St. P aul, P h ilad elph ia, and P ittsburgh; and 4 days o r le s s in n ea rly a ll oth er c it ie s . P aid h olid ay p r o v is io n s w ere g e n e ra lly m o r e lib e r a l fo r o ffic e e m p lo y e e s . P a id V a ca tio n s. P aid v a ca tion s a fte r qualifying p e rio d s o f s e r v ic e w ere p ro v id e d a m a jo r ity o f the n o n su p e rv iso ry , ex cep t o ffic e , e m p lo y e e s in ea ch a rea studied (table 15). In a m a jo r ity o f the c it ie s , e m p lo y e e s co m m o n ly r e c e iv e d 1 w e e k 's v a ca tio n pay a fte r 1 y ea r o f s e r v ic e and Z w eeks a fter 2 y e a r s . P ro v is io n s 1 fo r 3 weeks? va ca tion pay w ere not co m m o n ex cep t in C incinnati, New Y ork C ity, and San F r a n c is co-O a k la n d . V acation p ro v isio n s tended to be m o r e lib e r a l fo r o ffic e e m p lo y e e s than fo r other e m p lo y e e s . H ealth, In su ra n ce, and P en sion P la n s . E stab lish m en ts financing at le a st part o f the c o s t o f v a rio u s health, in su ra n ce, and pen sion plans accou n ted fo r half o r m o r e o f the n o n su p e rv iso ry , ex cep t o ffic e , e m p lo y e e s in 15: c itie s (table 16). H osp ita liza tion and s u rg ica l in su ra n ce was a v ailable to a m a jo r ity o f the e m p lo y e e s in 12 c it ie s ; life in su ra n ce in 10 c itie s ; and m e d ica l in su ra n ce in 7 c it ie s . Other types o f in su ra n ce ( e . g . , sick n e ss and a ccid e n t, a ccid en ta l death and d ism em b erm en t) and s ic k leave app lied to a m a jo r ity o f the e m p lo y e e s in only a few a r e a s . P r o v is io n s fo r the s e le c te d health and in su ra n ce ben efits w ere g e n e r a lly m o r e lib e r a l fo r o ffic e e m p lo y e e s . A m ong the c itie s studied, re tire m e n t pen sion b en efits (oth er than those p ro v id e d under F e d e r a l o ld -a g e , s u r v iv o r s , and d isa b ility in su ran ce) w ere not co m m o n ly re p o r te d ex cep t in New Y ork C ity and San F r a n c is c o —Oakland,., w here they app lied to a m a jo r ity o f the n o n su p e rv iso ry , ex cep t o ffic e , e m p lo y e e s and in C incinnati and W ashington w here over, half o f the o ffic e e m p lo y e e s V e re c o v e r e d by such b en efits. N onprodu ction B o n u se s. N onproduction b on u ses, paid ty p ica lly at C h r is t m as o r yea ren d , w ere p ro v id e d to o v e r tw o -th ird s of the n o n su p e rv iso ry , ex cep t o ffic e , e m p lo y e e s in M em phis and P hiladelphia, and betw een tw o -fifth s and th r e e -fifth s o f the e m p lo y e e s in 13 c itie s (table 17). A m ong the other c it ie s , p ro p o rtio n s ranged fr o m n e a rly a fifth in M inneapolis—St. Paul and P ortla n d to a lm o st tw o -fifth s in B oston , M iam i, M ilw aukee, and W ashington, D. C. In m ost a r e a s , g r e a te r p ro p o rtio n s o f o ffic e than n on o ffice em p lo y e e s w ere p rov id ed n on production b on u ses. 00 Table 1. Wage Distribution: All Nonsupervisory Employees (Percent distribution of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places by average straight-time hourly w ages,1 27 selected areas, June 1961) South Northeast Average hourly wages 1 Boston Buffalo New York City Newark and Jersey City Phila delphia Pitts burgh Atlanta . 0.6 .1 2.6 2.0 1. 1 0.2 2.5 _ 1.4 0. 6 2. 0 17. 1 2. 3 2. 1 5.8 2.9 <2) 0.7 .7 .6 21.8 _ 2.4 5. 2 6. 0 5. 3 2. 3 8.7 4 .5 4 .6 8. 6 2.9 5. 1 1.7 5.6 9.7 3. 3 5.7 7. 6 2. 3 $ 0. 8 0 ----------------$0. 85 _ ------------$0. 9 0 ----------------$ 0 .9 5 _ ------------$ 1 .0 0 ----------------- 3.5 1. 8 1.8 2. 1 .7 5. 6 3. 2 3. 1 9.5 6. 2 4.2 1.2 1.8 2.6 8. 1 7. 0 1. 7 1.7 2. 3 2.6 3. 3 1. 2 3. 8 2. 5 .8 under under under under under $ 1. 0 5 ___________ $ 1 .1 0 ___________ $ 1 .1 5 _________ $ 1. 2 0 ------------ — $ 1 .2 5 ___________ 10.9 1.7 6. 0 4. 2 2. 6 12. 6 3.9 4. 2 5.8 4 .4 3.9 3. 2 5. 0 3.8 2. 0 7 .6 1.4 2.5 1. 3 3. 0 $ 1. 25 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1. 35 $ 1. 40 $ 1.45 and under and under and under and under and under $ 1. 3 0 ----------------$ 1 .3 5 ___________ $ 1 .4 0 ___________ $ 1 .4 5 ___________ $ 1. 5 0 ___________ 6 .5 2. 5 2.7 2. 0 2. 1 6.6 .9 3. 0 2. 3 .8 6. 5 2. 5 5.4 2. 3 1.9 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 and under and under and under and tinder and under $ 1 .6 0 ___________ $ 1. 7 0 ___________ $ 1 .8 0 ----------------$ 1 .9 0 ___________ $ 2. 00 _ ________ 5.9 3. 1 3. 3 1.8 2. 0 3.8 1. 3 .9 2. 1 .7 $2. 00 $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $ 2. 40 and and and and and $2. $2. $2. $2. $ 2. 1 0 ___________ 2 0 ___________ 3 0 ___________ 4 0 ___________ 5 0 ___________ 3. 8 1. 0 .8 .5 .2 2. 7 1. 0 .5 .1 .1 Under $0. 30 $ 0. 35 $ 0. 40 $ 0 .45 $0. 3 0 ______________________ and under $0. 3 5 ----------------and under $ 0. 4 0 ----------------and under $ 0. 4 5 ----------------and under $0. 5 0 ----------------- $0. $0. $0. $0. $0. 50 55 60 65 70 and under and under and under and under and under $0. 5 5 ----------------$0. 6 0 ----------------$ 0 .6 5 -------- -------$0. 7 0 ----------------$ 0 .7 5 ----------------- $ 0. $0. $0. $0. $0. 75 80 85 90 95 and under and under and under and under and under $ 1.00 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1. 15 $ 1. 20 and and and and and under under under under under $2. 50 and over ____________ ______ Total - ____________________ Number of employees -----------------Average hourly wages 1 --------------- See footnotes at end of table. - (2) Baltimore Dallas Houston Memphis Miami New Orleans Wash ington, D. C. 6. 3 1.6 4. 5 1.8 4 .6 10. 0 4. 1 1. 2 .7 1.7 13. 4. 5. 14. 5. 6 0 3 2 2 13.7 6. 0 3.8 4 .4 .2 5.9 5. 3 7. 0 6. 2 5.4 0.8 .8 .3 1. 0 1. 3 8.9 5 .4 7. 1 3. 8 6. 8 4. 1 3. 1 3.8 2. 3 1. 3 4. 4 1.4 3.6 9. 1 3. 0 5. 7 7. 2 7.7 2. 3 5. 0 5.2 7. 1 10.9 5.9 7. 1 10. 1 5.9 8. 2 3. 6 2.9 5.7 2.4 2. 1 .9 3. 7 8. 6 4 .6 8. 3 5. 2 3. 5 5.9 5.4 4.8 3. 1 4. 5 6. 1 5.6 4. 3 4. 3 1.9 3 .4 5.6 1.4 2.9 .8 1.9 3.9 6 .9 4. 2 2.7 4. 0 7 .9 3. 1 5. 0 .9 3.8 7.8 2.6 6 .0 3.7 4. 2 4 .4 1. 5 1.9 .9 4. 0 5. 2 1.9 3.4 .6 3. 8 4 .9 3.4 1. 8 1. 2 2. 1 4. 8 3. 0 4 .6 3.4 10.6 5.7 5. 0 5. 0 4. 0 9 .9 3.4 2. 2 1. 5 2. 1 3. 6 .4 1.7 1. 1 2. 0 11.7 2.6 3. 0 2. 7 1. 0 9. 3 1.2 2. 3 .7 1.4 6.7 .7 2.7 .7 1. 2 3. 0 1. 0 .4 2. 3 .9 7. 1 2 .0 3. 2 3.9 1. 1 3.4 .3 1. 8 2. 5 .7 8.6 2.6 4.9 2.8 1. 3 6.8 1. 1 2.8 1. 2 .9 6. 5 1.9 4. 2 1. 3 1. 0 4 .4 2. 7 3. 8 1. 8 1. 1 3.5 .7 2.8 .5 .2 3. 5 .8 1.9 1. 3 1. 0 5. 3 .6 2 .4 .7 1. 7 2. 8 .7 .9 .7 .6 8.6 6. 3 3. 5 .8 1.8 5. 2 2.7 2.4 3. 0 .7 3.6 2. 6 3.6 1.4 .6 2 .9 2. 2 2. 3 1.2 .9 1.4 1. 0 .6 .2 .2 1. 3 1.6 1.7 .9 .3 2.6 .9 .6 .3 .9 1.4 .2 .4 .5 .3 1.7 .8 .9 .5 .6 7.7 4. 6 3. 3 4.9 2. 8 4. 3 1.9 2. 3 .8 2.9 2. 2 .9 1. 1 1.4 .6 3.5 2.7 1. 6 1. 3 .3 2. 5 2. 0 .5 .7 .3 3.2 1.9 1. 3 1.7 .3 3. 2 1.9 1. 7 1. 3 1. 4 2.7 1.4 2. 3 .7 .3 .9 1.7 .7 .3 .3 .9 .2 .2 . 1 (2) 2. 3 1.7 1. 1 .2 .2 .3 1. 0 (2) .2 .4 .1 .4 .4 .2 .4 .1 2. . . . . 1. 5 .3 .3 1.0 .2 1.8 .5 .5 .1 .1 2.5 1. 2 6. 3 6.7 2. 2 1. 1 1. 0 .5 .5 .1 1.4 1. 3 1.4 .6 .5 .3 .3 . 1 .2 .1 (2) .1 .3 1.6 .9 1. 2 100.0 100. 0 100. 0 100.0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100.0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 25,476 $1. 21 6,914 $1. 11 74, 503 $1.43 9, 183 $1.23 21,573 $1. 13 9,480 $1. 04 6,76.2 $0.75 11,000 $0. 96 7,524 $0. 88 7,401 $0.76 2,867 $0.62 9,934 $0.90 5,461 $0. 79 15,516 $1.06 1 2 3 2 2 Table 1. W age Distribution: All Nonsupervisory Employees— Continued (P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f n o n s u p e rv is o r y e m p lo y e e s in eating and drin kin g p la c e s b y a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-t im e h o u r ly w a g e s , 1 27 s e le c t e d a r e a s , June 1961) N orth C en tral A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 C h icago U nder $ 0 . 30 $ 0 .3 5 $ 0. 40 $ 0 .4 5 $0. and and and and 30 _______________________ u n d er $ 0 . 35 ____________ u n d e r $ 0 . 4 0 ____________ u n d e r $ 0. 4 5 ____________ u n d e r $ 0 . 5 0 ____________ C incinnati C le ve la n d 6. 1 3 .2 _ . 1.6 0. 1 .6 .3 $ 0 . 50 and u n d e r $ 0 . 55 and u n d er $ 0 . 60 and u n d e r $0. 65 and u n d e r $0. 70 and u n d er $ 0 . 5 5 ____________ $ 0 . 6 0 ____________ $ 0 . 6 5 ____________ $0. 7 0 ___________ $0. 7 5 ___________ 3.6 5.7 4 .6 $0. $0. $0. $0. $ 0. D e tr o it . - M ilw aukee D en ver 0. 1 1. 1 1. 0 _ _ _ - (2) - 1. 3 .3 4 .8 2. 6 1. 0 1. 1 4 .7 1 .4 .3 11. 3 3. 2 6. 2 2 .9 0. 1 . (2 ) 2. 1 10.9 3.6 6 .4 5. 2 5 .0 .4 .3 2. 3 4 .9 3. 0 2.9 7. 2 5.4 6. 5 _ 1. 1 .3 2 .8 .8 (*) - .7 2. 0 .4 _ 0.6 7. 6 4.9 6.4 2.9 1.7 1.9 13.0 4.0 5.8 4.3 1.9 5.1 2.0 2.4 2.9 8. 1 2. 2 4. 5 8 .9 2 .0 6.8 9 .5 6 .2 5 .4 2. 1 5. 3 4 .9 2. 8 4. 2 1.4 9. 1 3.8 7.9 3.6 1.4 6. 0 3.4 9 .3 10.6 1.0 1.5 .6 2. 0 10.7 5. 0 1.7 3. 2 13.8 6. 0 1. 2 14. 0 2.9 4 .5 3. 3 2. 4 12. 5 1. 6 3.7 1.9 1. 3 6.7 6. 1 4.6 2. 0 2. 1 14. 1 1.4 6. 2 3.5 2. 5 19.6 8. 0 4 .4 5. 2 5.8 7 .9 2.7 5. 1 7.7 3.6 4 .9 1.7 1. 5 1.3 3.9 3. 1 3. 5 7. 5 .7 1.7 1. 0 8 .9 6. 5 2.9 2. 7 1.6 1.7 6. 3 2. 7 3. 5 1.9 .8 5. 5 2. 1 1. 2 .7 1. 5 7. 1. 2. 1. .8 10. 3 1.9 3.4 1.8 1.9 3.7 1.7 2.7 1. 0 1. 2 12. 2 11. 3 10. 0 8 .4 1.9 16. 3 1.8 2. 5 1. 8 .4 .8 1. 0 15. 6 1. 3 4. 8 12. 1 5.9 6. 1 3.4 2. 7 1. 4 5. 3 3. 7 3. 1 1. 3 1.7 3. 0 4. 0 1.6 1. 3 2. 1 .6 1.4 1.4 2. 5 1. 3 .3 6. 0 3.4 4. 5 2. 6 .4 3.6 2. 0 1. 5 2. 4 .4 4. 2. 2. 3. 1. 1 0 1 2 0 4. 5 1. 5 2. 3 .9 .7 4 .4 3. 3 2. 3 1.9 1. 2 4. 2. 2. 4. 12. 2 1. 3 .5 3. 4 .8 1.8 2. 1 4. 4 1. 1. 2. 1. 8 6 1. 7 .7 1 2 .3 3. 1. 2. 5. 0 1 5 5 . 1 4. 9 3. 7 4. 2 1. 8 .8 1.5 . 1 .5 .8 (2) 1. 5 3.7 16.4 - and and and and and u n d er under under under u n d er $0. 8 0 ----------------$0. 8 5 ___________ $0. 9 0 ---------------$0. 9 5 ___________ $ 1 .0 0 ___________ 7. 3 2. 5 4 .5 1.9 1. 1 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1. 05 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .15 $ 1. 20 and and and and and under under under u n d er u n d er $ 1 .0 5 ___________ $ 1 .1 0 ___________ $ 1 .1 5 __________ $ 1 .2 0 __________ $ 1. 2 5 __________ 11.4 2.4 4. 3 1. 2 2.4 $ 1 .2 5 $ 1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1.40 $ 1.45 and and and and and u n d er under u n d er u n d er under $ 1 .3 0 __________ $ 1 .3 5 ___________ $ 1. 4 0 ___________ $ 1. 4 5 ___________ $ 1. 5 0 ___________ 6. 1 1. 2 3. 2 1. 3 1.6 $ 1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1. 70 $ 1.80 $ 1 .9 0 and and and and and u n d er unde r tinder u n d er u n d er $ 1. 6 0 __________ $ 1 .7 0 ___________ $ 1. 8 0 -----------------$ 1 .9 0 ____________ $ 2. 0 0 ____________ 5. 5 1. 1 2. 0 3. 3 .6 4.2 4.1 2. 6 3. 2 2 .2 2. 2 2.6 1. 3 .8 .8 $ 2 . 00 and $ 2 .1 0 and $2. 20 and $2. 30 and $ 2. 40 and un d er u n d er u n d er u n d er under $ 2 . 1 0 -----------------$ 2 . 2 0 ___________ 3.4 .8 1. 0 1. 0 2.4 1.1 1.1 4. 2 .8 .5 .3 .3 .6 .2 2 .4 1. 5 1. 3 2.6 .7 4 .4 2.3 5 .8 5. 3 $2. 50 and o v e r ____________________ K ansas C ity L os San A n g e le s P ortla n d F r a n c is c o — Long B e a ch Oakland 1. 1 .4 - 75 80 85 90 95 $2. 3 0 __________ $2. 40 _ ________ $ 2. 5 0 ___________ Indian ap olis W est M in n e a p o lis — St. L ou is St. P a u l .6 .9 .3 . 1 .2 (2 ") _ - 9 1 3 .4 . 1 2 .4 1. 2 .2 3. 1 1. 3 2. 2 .4 _ .4 - _ _ _ _ .9 _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ 1. 2 1. 2 3. 0 .4 .5 . 1 5. 3 2. 5 3. 4 1. 1 2. 0 2. 8 . 3 8. 6 _ _ _ _ - - 0.6 _ 0. 3 _ .4 .4 (2) .3 .2 1.8 .4 5.4 3.8 1. 5 1. 3 .7 (2) 3. 3 4. 5 34. 2 6. 2 4. 2 1. 1 3.4 1.8 .9 1 1.4 1. 8 2.2 1 7 3 1 .8 14. 9. 4. 3. 6 7 6 7 2. 2 T o ta l - ___ - __ ______________ __ 100. 0 100.0 100.0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 N u m ber o f e m p lo y e e s ____________ A v e ra g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 ___________ 38,724 $1. 17 6,820 $1. 18 11,911 $1. 19 16,049 $ 1 . 28 4,685 $0.96 6, 074 $1. 00 4,708 $1. 25 9, 310 $ 1 . 28 10,682 $1. 21 6, 333 $1. 05 48,174 $1. 52 5, 137 $1. 50 20,452 $1.88 days, 1 W age data e x c lu d e tip s and the value o f fr e e m e a ls , and late s h ifts . 2 L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t. room s, and u n ifo r m s , i f any w e r e p r o v id e d , and p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w eeken ds, h o li NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100. O Tabic 2. Wage Distribution: Men Nonsupervisory Employees (P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f m en n o n s u p e rv is o r y e m p lo y e e s in eating and drinking p la c e s by a v e ra g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u rly w a g e s ,1 27 s e le cte d a r e a s , June 1961) South N ortheast A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a ge s 1 B oston U nder $ 0 . 30 $ 0 . 35 $ 0 . 40 $ 0 . 45 $ 0 .3 0 ________________________ and under $ 0 . 35 -----------------and u nd er $ 0 . 40 -------------- and under $ 0 . 45 -----------------and u nd er $ 0 . 50 ------------------ _ . - B uffalo New Y ork City N ew ark and Jersey Citv P h ila d elphia P itts burgh Atlanta B a ltim o re . - 0. 3 4. 3 - 0. 3 14. 1 .9 .4 2. 0 3. 2 0. 4 5. 6 . 5 . 1 - 4. 1 .4 2. 1 2. 5 - 0. 8 ( 2) 1. 1 .7 .8 1 .6 .8 4. 4 2. 3 1. 4 1.0 .8 .6 .2 2 .9 1. 1 1.0 2. 1 2. 1 2. 3 6. 6. 9. 3. 6. 2 .9 1 .8 3. 4 5. 5 4. 3 6. 5. 7. l. 4. 7 2 1 4 5 4. 7 6 .9 10. 5 5 .9 8 .0 6. 4 4 .9 3. 5 6. 2 .7 3. 4 6. 7 1.8 6 .0 1. 3 $ 0 . 65 and under $ 0 . 70 — — -----$ 0 . 70 and under $ 0 . 75 ------------------ _ _ 7. 1 _ _ _ _ 0. 5 3. 3 2 .9 1 .8 1.4 .8 13. 3 8 .0 1.8 1. 2 1.6 3. 2 7. 4 1 .6 .8 1. 0 3. 2 4. 2 1.7 .8 3. 2 3.9 .6 3 .9 7. 4 4 .9 5. 0 3. 4 1.8 6. 2 2. 2 1.9 1. 1 2. 4. 4. 5. 3. 16. 3. 2. 4. 1. 2 3 9 1 5 4.0 3. 5 5. 3 3.9 1. 7 9 .0 1 .6 1 .9 1. 2 4. 1 12. 1 7 .7 3 .7 5. 2 5 .7 1 0.9 4. 4 2 .9 1 .5 1.9 2 .9 .8 1 .4 1. 1 1. 6 14. 2 2. 4 4. 4 2. 3 1.7 (2) 1 8 1 4 2 1. 4 1. 5 . 6 1 .6 - 10. 3 4. 2 4 .9 1. 3 1 .8 2. 3. 1. 1. 5. 6 5 4 2 3 9. 3 4. 8 6. 3 6 .9 2. 3 1. . 2. 2. 4. 8 4 7 7 5 2. 3. . 2. 2. 6 1 1 8 6 6. 4 2. 2 4 .0 7. 1 1.4 2. . 2. 4. . 3 4 8 4 6 11.9 3. 8 4 .9 2 .9 1. 6 3. 9 1 .6 2. 0 2. 6 1.7 2. 7 2. 1 .8 .4 1 .9 2. 2. 2. 1. 2. 6 3 0 5 0 7. 3 .4 3 .0 .6 2. 8 4. 2 1.0 1. 5 .4 1.0 6. 8 4. 6 3. 4 .4 1.7 4. 3 2 .0 1. 2 .8 1. 1 2. 2. 3. 1. . 2. 5 .5 .5 1 .0 .6 .9 .9 .8 - 4. 2. 2. 2. . 4. 3. . 1. . 3. 6 2. 2 1. 8 2 .7 .4 1 .9 2. 0 . 3 .6 .6 2. 1 ( 2) .4 .7 . 3 . . . . . .4 . 1 . 1 . 3 " 3 .9 . 3 .5 .4 .4 and and and and and under und er under und er under $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1. 20 $ 1 .2 5 -------------— _ — -------------------------------------------------------------- 12. 2 1 .7 6 .9 3.9 2 .7 $ 1 . 25 $ 1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and und er under under under under $1. 3 0 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1. 50 ------ ------ -— — ------------------------------—-------------— ------------------ 8. 6 2 .9 3. 3 2. 3 3. 1 6. 4 .9 3. 6 1.7 1.0 6 .0 2. 2 5. 6 2. 0 1.9 8 .9 1. 1 3 .9 1. 6 1. 2 8. 4 1.7 5. 4 1.9 1. 4 3. 1 1.0 5. 0 2. 4 1 .8 6. 1. 5. 1. . 7 1 3 1 5 6 .0 .6 1 .7 1.0 3. 0 $ 1. 50 $ 1 .60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .80 $ 1 .9 0 and and and and and under under under under under $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1.90 $ 2. 00 —-------------------------------____________ ______ ------------------ 7 .9 4. 2 4. 2 2. 6 3. 3 3. 5 1.7 1. 2 5. 4 2. 1 8. 3 4 .8 3. 5 6. 1 3.6 4. 4 3 .9 3. 4 4. 7 1.0 5. 4. 6. 2. 1. 8 7 3 3 0 3. 2 4. 7 6. 0 3. 2 2 .9 1 .7 2. 2 1. 2 . 5 .2 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 and and and and and under under under under under $2. $2. $2. $2. $2. ---------------------------------------- - — ----------------------------------- 6. 1 1.7 1. 3 .8 . 3 4. 3 3. 0 1 .4 . 3 . 1 3. 4 2. 2 2.0 1.7 1.8 3. 2. 3. 1. . 1. 3. 1. . . 7 2 1 5 2 2. 8 2 .9 1 .8 1. 6 . 3 . . . . . 6 .9 3. 8 2. 8 4. 0 6. 1 3 7 2 6 4 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1. 20 See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le . 8 6 8 8 4 3. 6 5 .7 4. 3 6. 1 4. 5 .9 1.0 2. 8 2 .9 1 .0 N um ber o f e m p lo y e e s ------------------A v e ra g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 ---------------- — 7. . . . . 3 5 3 4 2 ------------------------------------------------- — --------------- — ------------------ — _ 6 2 5 4 3 3. 4. 2. 1. 1. $ 0 . 80 $ 0 . 85 $ 0 .9 0 $ 0 .9 5 $ 1 .0 0 $ 2 . 50 and o v e r W ash ington, D. C. 4. 0 7. 6 2. 8 4 .9 .9 under under under under und er 7 5 2 4 1 4. 7. 6. 13. 10. New O rlea n s M ia m i 6 1 8 3 7 and and and and and 8 1 8 2 4 5. 4 3. 0 1 .9 .4 2. 2 M em phis 2. 3. . 2. . 1 3 8 4 4 $ 0 . 75 $ 0 . 80 $ 0 .8 5 $ 0 .9 0 $ 0 .9 5 10 20 30 40 50 H ouston D allas 9. 1. 2. . 2. 5 5 2 7 3 6 7 1 3 6 10. . 1. . 1. 6 8 4 8 1 0 6 5 2 5 0 1 8 2 6 2. 0 . 5 . 3 .9 . 3 2. . . . . 6 3 8 2 1 7 .8 10. 8 4. 3 2. 3 4. 4 3 .4 2. 6 1 .6 i. i 2 ,9 i. 6 2. 0 100 .0 100.0 100.0 100. 0 100 .0 100. 0 100. 0 100 .0 100 .0 100 .0 100 .0 100 .0 100. 0 100 .0 13,946 $ 1 .4 1 2, 299 $ 1 . 28 55, 343 $.1. 52. 5, 398 $ 1 .4 6 1 0 ,7 1 5 $ 1 . 37 2, 720 $ 1 . 30 2 ,8 1 5 $ 0 . 90 ' 4, 162 $ 1 .1 1 3, 363 $ 1 .0 5 2, 7 37 $ 0 . 88 741 $ 0 .7 3 5, 123 $ 1 . 10 2 ,9 7 9 $ 0 . 89 8, 504 $ 1 .1 2 4. 3 3. 3 Table 2. Wage Distribution: Men Nonsupervisory Employees— Continued (P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f m en n o n s u p e rv is o r y e m p lo y e e s in eating and drin kin g p la c e s by a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t-tim e h o u r ly w a g e s ,1 27 s e le c t e d a r e a s , June 1961) N orth C e n tra l A v e r a g e h o u r ly w ages 1 C h icago U nder $ 0 . 30 $ 0 . 35 $ 0 .4 0 $ 0 . 45 $0. and and and and 30 un d er u n d er u n d er u n d er $0. 3 5 $ 0 . 40 $ 0 .4 5 $ 0 . 50 ------ -------------------------------------------------------------- $ 0 . 50 $ 0 . 55 $ 0 . 60 $ 0 . 65 $ 0 .7 0 and and and and and u n d er u n d er u n d er un d er un d er $ 0 . 55 $ 0 . 60 $ 0 . 65 $ 0 . 70 $ 0 .7 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 0 .7 5 $ 0 . 80 $ 0 .8 5 $ 0 .9 0 $ 0 . 95 and and and and and u n d er u n d er un d er u n d er u n d er $ 0 . 80 $ 0 .8 5 $ 0 .9 0 $ 0 .9 5 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1. 20 and and and and and u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er $ 1 . 25 $ 1 . 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and $ 1. 50 $ 1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 ( 2) C incinnati C levelan d _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ _ _ - _ _ 0. 6 . 3 1. 0 3. 5 3 .0 5. 2 4. 8 2. 8 1 .0 .9 2 .7 1.7 6. 1 0. 3 _ _ _ .7 _ 0. 1 _ _ _ . 1 _ - 2. 7 6 .4 5. 3 5 .9 3. 4 5. 3 5 .8 2. 6 4. 2 1. 1 4. 7 4. 3 9 .7 5. 6 2. 6 1 .9 1 .9 4. 6 4. 5 1. 1 6 6 5 4 4 1 3 .4 .5 4 .4 3. 1 2. 1 7. 1 3 .9 7 .8 2. 2 2. 4 2. 5 .5 2. 5 .8 1 .4 3. 4 2 .9 1. 2 .8 . 3 5 .0 1. 6 6 .0 1. 6 1 .0 5. 2 5 .7 3. 4 3. 3 1 .6 2. 5. 3. 2. 1. 6 1 3 2 5 4. 4. 1. 2. 4. 2 1 5 1 8 4. 2 2. 4 2. 1 .7 1 .0 8. 1. 1. 1. . 1 8 2 3 4 3 .7 3. 2 2. 8 3. 8 .4 - 2. 2 .1 (2) .5 1 .7 .8 2. 8 1. 2 2 .0 ------------------------------------------------- — ----------------------------------- 5 .4 4. 0 5. 5 3. 5 1. 4 3. 5 7 .7 2. 5 1 .4 2 .7 7. 2 1. 8 3. 3 7. 2 2 .9 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1. 20 $ 1 .2 5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- ------- 14. 4 2. 6 6 .0 1. 1 3. 1 18. 9 2 .7 6. 5 3. 7 .7 9 .9 1 .8 5. 2 2 .4 1 .8 u n d er u nd er un d er u n d er u n d er $ 1 . 30 $ 1 . 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1. 50 — ----- — --------------------------------------------------------- --------- 7. 7 1. 5 3. 8 1 .9 1. 8 3. 8 1 .9 2. 4 4 .6 1 .0 and and and and and un d er un d er un d er un d er u n d er $ 1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2. 00 -----------------— ----------------------- — ----------------------------------- 7 .0 1. 1 2. 6 4 .8 .9 and and and and and u n d er u n d er un d er u n d er un d er $2. $2. $2. $2. $2. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5. 6 .9 1. 3 1. 2 .4 $ 2 .5 0 and o v e r 10 20 30 40 50 M ilw aukee _ _ 0. 3 .1 _ _ _ _ _ 2. 1 _ - K ansas C ity . - - D e tr o it Indian ap olis W est M inne a p o lis— St. P a u l 12. 1. 4. 1. 3. _ St. L ou is 4. 8 .9 .9 1. 7 D en ver _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ 8. 6 9. 8 4 .7 5 .9 .8 _ _ _ _ 0. 1 .4 . 3 0 .5 0. 5 6. 2 2 .0 4 .0 10. 4 1 .7 2 1 .0 1. 3 2. 2 1. 1 .7 6. 7 1. 8 3 .9 8 .9 3. 5 3. . 5. . 2. 9 8 7 2 2 1. 6 2. 1 6 .8 3 .8 2. 5 1. 3 1 .6 3. 4 2. 2 2. 1 1. 1 1 .0 11. 1 .9 1. 2 1 .9 1. 3 6 .0 4. 5 3. 2 .8 8 .4 10. 1 4. 2 20. 3 3 .4 1. 3 2. 2 1. 3 2. 8 2. 7 .9 10. 8 2. 5 8 .8 6 .0 1. 2 4 .0 1 .9 3. 1 5 .4 1. 1 3 .8 3 .4 2. 7 4. 5 1 .9 6. 1 1 .9 3 .9 1. 2 4 .7 3. 6 2. 3 1. 8 1 .4 5. 2. 1. 5. 1. 1 3 8 1 2 13.0 11. 1 9. 8 4. 5 2 .9 6 .4 1. 6 3 .9 .9 . 2 5 .4 12. 3 6. 7 3 .4 .7 3. 5 3 .0 4 .0 2 .4 .8 3 .5 1. 8 .6 1. 2 .2 6. 7 4 .0 5 .4 1.9 3. 7 3 .4 2. 2 3. 3 12. 1 .2 4. 4 3 .0 5. 4 1. 3 3. 1 t1 _ .2 1. 3 3 .0 .4 1. 1 1. 1 5. 2 1 .9 .5 2. 1 1 2 .0 5. 8 1. 1 1 1 .9 .6 4. 2 1. 5 2. 5 9 .6 6. 1 3. 1 3. 3 4 .9 7 .9 1 .4 1 .4 .7 2 .0 5. 8 1. 2 2 .8 1. 2 2. 1 3 .4 2. 1 1. 6 5. 6 1 .8 1. 6 2 .8 4 .8 3. 3 .8 3 .6 1 .0 .6 . 3 .5 2. . 1. 2. . 6 3 2 3 1 San L os A n g e le s P ortla n d F r a n c is c o — Lon g B ea ch Oakland 1.9 _ _ .8 1. 1 .3 .3 ( 2) ------------------------------- 7. 6 4. 3 1 3 .0 1 1 .4 2. 2 3 .9 8 .9 3. 2 5 .9 .6 16. 2 8 .7 26. 5 -------------------------------------- 100. 0 10 0 .0 1 00 .0 10 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100. 0 100. 0 N u m ber o f e m p lo y e e s ------- *---------A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 —----------- -— 19,363 $ 1 . 39 3, 145 $ 1 . 38 4, 818 $ 1 .4 7 6, 610 $ 1 . 53 1, 576 $ 1 . 18 2, 214 $ 1 . 23 1, 651 $ 1 . 54 3, 296 $ 1 . 58 5 ,0 0 9 $ 1 . 36 2, 678 $1 . 19 24,487 $ 1 .7 7 2 ,0 3 5 $ 1 . 68 12,216 $ 2 .0 5 T o ta l days, 1 W age data ex clu d e tip s and the value o f f r e e m e a ls , r o o m s , and u n ifo rm s , if any w e re p r o v id e d , and p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w ork on w eeken ds, h o li and la te s h ifts . 2 L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100. Table 3. Wage Distribution: Women Nonsupervisory Employees (Percent distribution of women nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places by average straight-time hourly wages,1 27 selected areas, June 1961) South N orth ea st A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 B oston B u ffalo U nder $ 0 . 30 $ 0 . 35 $ 0 .4 0 $ 0 . 45 $ 0 .3 0 and un d er and u nd er and un d er and u nd er _________________ $ 0 . 35 -----------------$ 0 . 40 -----$ 0 .4 5 ----- ---------$ 0 . 5 0 ------------------ $ 0 . 50 $ 0 . 55 $ 0 . 60 $ 0 . 65 $ 0 .7 0 and and and and and und er und er und er und er und er $ 0 . 55 $0. 6 0 $0. 6 5 $ 0 .7 0 $ 0 .7 5 --------------------------------------------------------— —----------- $ 0 . 75 $ 0 .8 0 $ 0 .8 5 $ 0 .9 0 $ 0 . 95 and and and and and un d er und er und er un d er und er $0. 8 0 $ 0 .8 5 $ 0 .9 0 $ 0 .9 5 $ 1 .0 0 ---------------------------------------------------. . . — --------------------------- 6. 7 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1.10 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1 . 20 and and and and and un d er u nd er u nd er under un d er $ 1 .0 5 $ 1.10 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1. 2 0 $1. 2 5 —--------------------— ----------------------------------------------------------- 10. 3 1 .7 5 .0 4. 5 2. 6 10. 9 $ 1 . 25 $ 1 . 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and un d er un d er u nd er u nd er u nd er $1. 3 0 $1. 3 5 $ 1. 40 $ 1. 4 5 $ 1 .5 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4. 2 2. 1 6. 7 2.0 1.6 .8 $ 1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1.9 0 and and and and and un d er un d er un d er un d er u nd er $ 1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 . 80 $ 1.9 0 $ 2.0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2. 40 and and and and and u nd er u nd er u nd er u nd er und er $ 2. $2. $2. $2. $ 2. $ 2 . 50 and o v e r — 1 0 -----------------20 ------------------ 30 -----------------40 -----------------50 -----------------— ------ . _ N u m ber o f e m p l o y e e s ------------------A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 ------------------- See footnotes at end of table. _ _ - ( 2) _ - New Y o r k City N ew ark and Jersey City P h ila d e lph ia P itts burgh 0. 8 _ _ - - - _ - - - - 2. 8 2. 7 A tlanta 19. 3. 3. 8. 2. B a ltim o re D allas 1 3 2 5 7 6. 3 1. 6 5 .8 3. 6 2. 1 8. 1 2. 6 6. 4 1. 3 8. 3 - - - - . _ _ 3. 3 6. 1 7. 5 _ 0. 2 6. 5 5. 8 1. 7 10. 5 4 .6 14. 7 7 .7 9 .0 16 . 1 5. 0 9 .4 3. 2 8. 2 13. 2 4. 2 7. 1 9 .8 2. 2 1 0 .9 4. 4 5. 6 4. 2 7. 3 5. 3 1. 1 3 .7 11. 2 2. 2 4 .9 8. 7 8. 1 3. 1 5. 4 7. 5 4 .0 4. 3 7. 5 5. 4 1 1 .4 1. 3 2. 5 1. 1 10. 2 14 .9 3 .0 2 .9 4. 8 1. 6 4. 5 1. 1 .9 6 .9 4 .8 4 .0 4 .0 1. 3 4. 5. . 3. 8 6 .6 1 .7 3. 6 8. 2 3. 5 2. 3 2. 1 10. 3 2. 8 4 .0 4 .0 .2 1 .9 1. 1 2. 3 10. 3 2 .7 2. 2 3 .0 .5 9. 1 1.0 . 1 . 1 1.6 1.6 1. 3 38. 3 2. 7 .5 1.0 .4 1.0 .4 1.0 6 4 . 3 4. 4 5 .5 4. 8 2 .4 1. 2 . 3 3 .9 1. 4 2 .9 2. 0 7 .9 1. 8 2. 3 .5 .7 4 .7 . 1 .6 .2 .7 4. 1. 5. 2. 3 .9 1. 2 2. 0 1. 2 .2 .2 . 1 .2 .9 .2 1. 1 1. 8 .4 . . . . . .4 . 1 . 1 . 1 " 3 .0 2 .9 .6 . 3 . 1 .8 .6 . 2 . 2 - 2 .9 1. 6 .7 .6 .2 1.0 1. 6 .3 .6 .5 .6 ( 2) .2 .5 . 1 ( 2) . 1 ( 2) (2) - . 2 . 1 . 1 .9 (2) . 3 ( 2) . 1 - 1.0 .9 ( 2) .7 .6 .2 . 1 (2) .2 2 6. 5 .9 1. 1 1 .4 .6 .9 .5 . 1 2 .7 1. 1 1.0 1 .9 (2) . 1 ( 2) . 1 2. 7 1. 1 .8 (2) . 3 1. 1 .3 .3 .2 ( 2) .5 .2 ( 2) - . . . . . 4 •4 •i 1 .9 .7 . 2 .8 .4 ( 2) 1.2 .4 1.0 0 ( 2) .2 .4 5 2 5 2 4 8 1 3 2 1 . 3 . 1 ( 2) . 1 - 1 3 5 5 4 .7 .6 2 7 4 4 - 3. 1 5 .9 5. 1 11. 7. 3. 4. 10. 8 8. 3 6. 4. 2. 1. . 3 2. 6 1.0 1. 8 4. 1 8. 5 3. 2 4 .8 11.0 . 3 .9 . 1 3 .9 1. 0 .8 .4 - 2 1 4 .8 4 .9 1 .7 1.8 5 .9 6. 5 7. 8 4. 3 10. 8 1. 2 . 2 3 .4 1 .9 2. 2 .8 .4 2 9. 1 1. 3 2. 8 .6 1 .9 3. 2 .9 4 .9 3. 3 3. 3 1. 6 .9 .4 . 1 9 .4 4. 4 3. 3 .3 2 .9 1. 8 4. 7 2. 1 2 .9 .8 .6 . 3 10. 0 6. 5 8 .9 4. 6 0. 1 1 .4 . 3 .5 . 1 . 1 3 .7 1. 1 1. 3 .5 .4 .6 5. 5 7. 1 11. 2 4. 6 7. 3 12. 1 2. . . . . 7. 8 3. 5 4 .9 3. 2 1.9 5 .8 1 9.9 11. 7 7. 0 8. 2 3. 1 .2 1 .9 .2 .5 .9 2. 7 2. 6 .7 6 .6 2 16. 7 2 .9 4. 8 14. 5 3. 5 W ash ington, D. C. 3. 3 2 .7 2. 7 .7 2 .9 7 3 9 .5 3 .0 1 .9 1. 5 2. 1 7 12. 7 4. 8 .8 .9 1. 5 New O rlea n s 2. 3 .7 .7 9. 3. 6. 4. 2. 4. 2 4 .8 1.0 M ia m i 3. . . 2. . 5 .7 1. 1 3. 2 1 .4 1 .3 2 M em phis 4. 6 .7 3. 5 .8 1. 1 7 3 1 5 0 3. 2. 4. 3. 3. 5 2 H ouston 1 3 (2 ) 0 ( 2) .2 1.0 " . 1 6 1 0 8 1.0 3. 7 10 0 .0 10 0 .0 10 0. 0 10 0 .0 10 0 .0 10 0 .0 10 0 .0 10 0 .0 10 0 .0 100. 0 10 0 . 0 100. 0 10 0 .0 100. 0 11,530 $0.9 8 4, 615 $ 1 .0 3 19 ,16 0 $ 1 . 18 3, 785 $ 0 . 89 10,858 $ 0 . 89 6 ,7 6 0 $ 0 .9 4 3 ,9 4 7 $ 0 . 64 6 ,8 3 8 $ 0 . 87 4, 161 $ 0 .7 4 4, 664 $ 0 . 70 2 , 126 4, 811 $ 0 . 68 2, 482 $ 0 . 67 7,0 12 $ 0 . 58 $ 0 .9 7 Table 3. W age Distribution: Wom en Nonsupervisory Employees— Continued ( P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f w om en n o n s u p e rv is o r y e m p lo y e e s in eating and drin kin g p la c e s by a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u rly w a g e s , 1 27 s e le c t e d a r e a s , June 1961) N orth C e n tra l A v e r a g e h o u r ly w ages 1 C h icago U nder $ 0 . 30 $ 0 . 35 $ 0 . 40 $ 0 . 45 $0. and and and and 30 u nd er u nd er un d er un d er ----$0. $0. $0. $0. 35 — -------------40 4 5 ------------ .---50 ---------- $0. $0. $0. $0. $0. 50 55 60 65 70 and and and and and u n d er un d er un d er u n d er u n d er $0. 5 5 $ 0 . 60 $ 0 . 65 $ 0 . 70 $ 0 .7 5 $ 0 .7 5 $ 0 . 80 $ 0 . 85 $ 0 .9 0 $ 0 .9 5 and and and and and un d er u nd er u n d er u n d er un d er $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1. 20 and and and and and $ 1 .2 5 $ 1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 Cincinnati C le ve la n d 0. 1 0. 8 8 $ 0 . 80 —------------ — $ 0 . 85 ------------$ 0 . 90 ----$ 0 .9 5 -----$ 1. 00 ------------------ 9. 1 6. 2 8. 6 1.0 5. 3 3. 3 1 .9 1. 3 2. 5. 10. 1. u n d er u n d er u nd er u n d er u nd er $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1. 20 $ 1 .2 5 8. 2. 2. 1. 5 8. 0 2 6 2 5. 2 5. 2 4 .9 2 .9 10. 6 2.0 2. 2 and and and and and u nd er under u nd er u nd er u nd er $ 1. 30 ------- __ $ 1 . 3 5 -----------------$ 1. 40 -----------$ 1 .4 5 -------------$ 1 .5 0 ------------------ 4 .4 $ 1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1.9 0 and and and and and u nd er under u nd er under under $ 1. 6 0 --------------- $ 1 . 7 0 -----------------$ 1 . 80 $ 1.9 0 $ 2 . 0 0 __ ______ __ 4 .0 1. 2 1 .4 1 .7 .2 $ 2.0 0 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2. 30 $ 2 . 40 and and and and and u nd er un d er under under u nd er $ 2. $ 2. $2. $ 2. $2. ----_ -----------------30 ------40 ___________ 50 ------ - 1. 2 .6 ------ ---------- --- ---------- $ 2. 50 and o v e r T o ta l -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 20 ...................... _ __ N u m ber o f e m p lo y e e s -----------------A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 — -------------- 1 days, 1. 2 Indianapolis M ilw aukee M in n e a p o lis — St. P a u l St. L ou is D en v er _ 1 0 .9 - - 9. 1 4. 1 9 .8 7. 5 6. 7 _ 1. 8 - 0. 1 3. 8 1. 5 1. 2 3 .7 5. 3 4 .4 2 .9 4. 2 1 .5 11. 6 8. 3 2. 1 3. 5 6 .9 2. 4 .8 4. 2 1 1.9 1 3.9 .9 . 2. 13. 6. 1 4 .9 3. 7 4. 4 4 .6 1. 8 12 .0 2. 2 6. 4 15. 2 25. 9. 5. 6. 6. 2. 4 1. 5 .5 4. 6 2. 5 2 .9 1. 3 1. 1 3. 3 2. 6 2 .8 1. 1 2.0 . 2 1 .9 1 .4 .7 .7 .2 .8 . 1 . 2 .2 1. 2 . 5 .6 12. 4. 7. 11. 8. 3 2 1 4 3. 5 .3 .9 1.7 1.0 2. 6 .8 1 .4 6. 2 2. 1 - .5 7. 2 3 .9 1. 5 0. 2 1. 6 1. 6 3 5 3 3 2 15. 2 3. 3 4. 8 2. 1 3 .0 9 .7 11. 7 6. 8 5. 1 1. 2 .6 - 7. 3 8 .8 7 .9 7. 1 4 3 0 4 . 2. . . . 3. (1 2) 3. 3 1 .4 7. 3 2. 8 1 .9 .8 2.0 5 .9 .9 1 .7 1 .7 1. 2 3. 3 3 .8 2. 3 .5 4. 1 2. 5 1.0 1. 2 4. 3 1. 3 1. 1 . 3 - 1. 2 .4 3 .4 2 .4 1. 1 1 .4 1 .7 1. 6 .2 . 1 .2 1 .4 . 3 .2 1 .7 ( 2) 1.0 . ! . . . 1. 4 2.0 .8 l 3 1.0 .7 .5 1. 1 .2 . 1 1.8 3 5 Los San A n g e le s P ortlan d F r a n c is c o — L on g B ea ch Oakland 8 7 1 1 2 2 3 1 2 .9 2. 2 2 .7 2. 3 .2 24. 9 .7 5. 8 15. 5 8 .4 . . 5. 6. 1. 2 0 3. 1 1.7 ( 2) 5 .9 8. 1 4. . 2. . . 6. 2 4 9 .9 7. 6 5. 5 .6 2. 8 7. 2 .9 4. 3 .3 1. 1 3 .4 1. 1 1 .7 3 .4 4 .4 2.0 .6 .8 .8 1.6 2. 1 .2 - . 3 . 1 . 1 ( 2) .6 1.0 . 1 . 1 10 0. 0 10 0 .0 10 0 .0 10 0. 0 10 0 .0 19,361 $ 0 .9 5 3, 675 $ 1.0 1 7, 093 $ 0 .9 7 9 ,4 3 9 $ 1 . 10 3, 109 $ 0 .8 5 3, 860 $ 0 . 87 3 ,0 5 7 $ 1 . 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 0. 1 .4 . 1 4 3 .4 3 .9 2. 1 .8 _ _ - 9 .5 3. 2 6. 1 5. 4 5. 2 1 8 .9 3. 2 4. 8 2. 6 .6 2. 5 2.8 1.8 _ _ _ 2 .4 14. 8 12. 5 13. 8 10. 2 2 .7 7 1 4 6. 3 10 0 .0 W age data ex clu d e tips and the value of f r e e m e a ls , and late s h ifts . L e s s than 0 .0 5 p e r c e n t. .6 2. 4. 15. 6. 1. 9 .0 1. 1 2. 1 2. 2 .2 10 0 .0 2 1 1 .9 . 1 . 1 _ - - 7. 3 4. 5 2. 5 1 .7 .4 .6 .2 _ .2 .4 . 3 .2 - 8 2.0 5. 8 5 2. 3 1 2 2. 2 2. 1 2. 1 7 1.0 .2 4. 1 3. 1 2. 2 .4 2.0 1.0 . 3 _ _ _ - 3 .8 .9 1. 3 . 2 . 3 0. 6 _ .2 5 1 3 3 .4 3. 1 2. 6 3 .4 .5 11.0 2 .7 . 3 5. 4. 2. 2. 2.0 1. 1 1 9 .6 9 .5 4 .8 4 .9 - NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100. 5 8 3 4 .8 .2 . 1 . 1 .8 10 0 .0 10 0 . 0 10 0 .0 10 0 .0 10 0 .0 10 0 .0 6 ,0 1 4 $ 1 . 11 5, 673 $ 1 .0 8 3, 655 $ 0 .9 5 23,687 $ 1 . 26 3, 102 $ 1 . 38 8 , 236 $ 1 .6 3 .5 1. 3 r o o m s , and u n ifo r m s , if any w e r e p r o v id e d , and p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w ork on w eeken ds, 2 K an sas C ity 2.0 1 .9 - _ 3 .0 3. 8 20. 2 4 .9 -----------------— — -------------------------------------------------------- D e tr o it W est h o li Table 4. Average Hourly Wages: Selected Occupations (Number and average straight-time hourly wages 1 of employees in selected occupations in eating and drinking places, 27 selected areas, June 1961) N orth ea st B oston N ew Y o r k C ity B u ffa lo N ew ark and J e r s e y City P ittsb u rg h P h ila d elp h ia O ccu p a tio n and s e x N um ber of e m p lo y e e s A v e ra g e h o u rly w ages N um ber of e m p lo y e e s A v e ra g e h o u rly w a ge s N u m ber of e m p lo y e e s A v e ra g e h o u rly w ages N um ber of e m p lo y e e s 3 ,5 8 5 2 ,9 9 5 590 3, 524 1 , 262 11,091 1 ,4 7 4 9, 025 $ 1 .9 5 1 .9 3 2 . 08 1 . 16 1. 56 1 . 02 1 . 12 1 . 01 496 475 2, 558 1, 136 3 ,5 6 7 7 ,8 1 3 1 ,7 7 2 1 ,4 2 4 2, 046 2 .2 9 3. 03 1 . 89 1. 32 1 .46 1 .9 3 1 .4 3 385 227 479 992 293 169 240 523 1, 090 263 114 951 575 9, 747 _ 2 ,9 6 4 6 ,7 4 6 1. 17 1 .45 1.41 1. 74 1 .4 6 1. 59 .9 2 1 . 06 36 139 - 155 1 .4 6 A v e ra g e h o u rly w ages N um ber of e m p lo y e e s A v era ge h o u rly w ages N um ber of e m p lo y e e s A v e ra g e h ou rly w ages M en B a r and dining r o o m o c c u p a t io n s : B a r te n d e r s 2 _____________________ P u b lic b a r s __________________ S e r v ic e b a r s -------------------------B us b o y s ------------------------------------C ou nter attendants _____________ W a ite rs 2 ________________________ C ounte r ___________ ____ ___ T a b le -------------------------------------K itch en o c c u p a t io n s : C o o k s , a s s is ta n t _______________ C o o k s , h ead _____________________ C o o k s , s h o r t o r d e r ____________ D is h w a s h e r s _____________________ K itch en h e lp e r s ________________ P a n try m e n ______________________ P o r t e r s __________________________ 1,0 6 2 930 132 861 344 1, 328 226 1 , 102 1,089 665 756 2, 287 6 26 249 423 $1. 1. 1. . 76 76 $ 1 .8 1 1 .8 0 1. 87 .9 8 1. 23 .8 4 1 . 22 . 76 200 227 . 77 1 . 90 2 . 39 48 63 130 434 58 2 . 10 2 . 10 1 .4 2 1. 13 1 . 26 1 .6 9 1 . 26 193 7 127 - 281 - - 19 0 86 88 - . 81 - 1 .4 3 .9 8 1. 03 - 1 . 09 21 114 - 800 82 718 $ 1 .9 3 1. 94 1. 70 . 82 - . 70 1. 27 . 64 1. 97 2 . 86 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 75 08 22 73 12 594 505 89 419 132 366 130 223 $ 1 . 68 1 .6 9 1. 63 . 92 1. 17 . 75 . 72 . 78 262 194 129 39 1, 185 2, 025 488 172 728 2 . 01 20 145 64 332 631 29 27 15 121 208 350 136 1, 300 1 . 06 1 . 28 3. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 28 55 04 68 122 - 180 - 96 - $ 1 . 88 1 . 82 2 . 06 .9 2 . 63 . 63 1 . 82 2 . 68 1. 33 .9 6 . 85 1 . 06 W om en B a r and dining r o o m o c c u p a t io n s : B u s g i r ls ------------------------------------C a s h ie r s ________________________ C h e c k e r - c a s h ie r s ______________ C h e c k e r s , fo o d _________________ C ou nter attendan ts _____________ H o s te s s e s _______________________ W a it r e s s e s 2 _____________________ C a r -----------------------------------------C ou n ter ______________________ T a b le -------------------------------------K itch en o c c u p a t io n s : C o o k s , a s s is ta n t -----------------------C o o k s , h ead _____________________ C oo k s , s h o r t o r d e r __________________ D is h w a s h e r s ____________________________ K itch en h e lp e r s ----------------------------------P a n try w o m e n ---------------------------------------P o r t e r s ------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table, 163 334 110 _ 797 291 5 ,9 3 4 256 803 4 ,8 7 5 69 - 83 .9 8 1. 31 1. 33 1 . 18 1. 53 .7 5 .7 3 .9 9 .7 1 24 90 56 2 , 029 1 . 61 1. 58 15 317 193 136 110 1 . 33 269 142 .9 9 1. 36 .8 1 21 _ 813 1 , 216 .9 5 1 . 22 _ 1 .4 9 .8 1 . 83 . 80 - 1 . 81 22 1 . 06 1 . - 192 172 81 88 1. 24 1. 25 621 42 1. 01 42 .86 - 1. 30 1 . 15 1. 33 1 .4 3 1. 27 - 37 2 , 291 403 1 ,8 7 2 - 20 65 69 38 152 1. 17 1 .48 - 1. 67 .6 9 . 80 .66 - 1. 15 1. 30 1. 36 1 .5 3 . 75 86 4, 365 1, 005 3, 358 - 84 28 201 427 58 72 129 - 1. 05 1 . 11 62 61 153 65 3, 053 230 564 2, 136 1 .48 1. 07 1. 41 . 76 . 67 . 70 .7 9 186 1 .43 1. 31 1 . 18 1 . 09 1. 27 286 315 128 171 12 ” 1. 1. 1. . . . 34 10 04 68 61 - 1 . - 1 . 26 1. 09 1 . 18 1. 31 “ Table 4. Average Hourly Wages: Selected Occupations— Continued (Number and average straight-time hourly wages 1 of employees in selected occupations in eating and drinking places, 27 selected areas, June 1961) South B a lt im o r e A tlanta D alla s H ouston M em ph is M ia m i New O rlean s W ashington, D .C . O cc u p a tio n and s e x N um ber A v e ra g e N um ber A v e r a g e N um ber A v e r a g e N u m ber A v e ra g e N um ber A v e ra g e N um ber A v e ra g e N u m ber A v e ra g e N um ber A v e ra g e h o u rly o f e m h o u rly o f e m of em h o u r ly of em h o u r ly o f e m h o u rly of em h o u r ly o f e m h ou rly o f e m h ou rly p lo y e e s w ages p lo y e e s w ages p lo y e e s w a g e s p lo y e e s w a g e s p lo y e e s w a ge s p lo y e e s w a g es p lo y e e s w ages p lo y e e s w ages M en B a r and dining r o o m o c c u p a tio n s : B a r t e n d e r s 2 ____________________ P u b lic b a r s __________________ S e r v ic e b a r s ________________ B u s b o y s ________________________ C ou n ter a t t e n d a n ts _____________ W a ite rs 2 ________________________ C ou n ter ______________________ T a b le -------------------------------------K itch en o c c u p a t io n s : C o o k s , a s s is ta n t _______________ C o o k s , h e a d ____________________ C o o k s , s h o r t o r d e r ___________ D is h w a s h e r s ___________________ K itch en h e lp e r s ________________ P a n try m e n ______________________ P o r t e r s --------------------------------------- 36 342 326 $ 1 .4 5 1. 64 1 . 11 .7 3 1 . 00 . 37 . 37 386 363 315 280 94 282 614 179 92 332 1. 54 2. 34 1 . 10 . 87 1 . 06 .9 3 1 . 06 384 169 404 655 129 57 104 79 73 382 36 2 ,5 7 6 440 2, 111 1 . 00 312 205 32 331 367 417 136 $ 0 .6 3 . 20 . 16 507 321 186 387 57 299 455 1 . 21 2 . 20 1 . 16 162 48 107 .61 .6 4 .7 9 .9 3 66 120 $ 0 . 69 _ .4 4 .3 8 1. 2. 1. . . 1. 1. 35 04 06 78 86 01 08 409 _ 376 . 370 $ 0 .6 3 _ .4 4 . .4 3 _ 126 _ 47 - $ 0 .4 4 _ . 27 _ - 227 91 217 458 97 13 144 1. 37 1 .9 9 1 . 06 .7 0 .7 0 .9 8 . 84 93 33 36 186 58 35 1. 04 1. 30 1 . 16 .4 6 .6 3 . 58 35 83 57 14 877 134 695 .4 8 .8 9 _ .7 9 1. 13 .4 0 - 135 _ 243 261 104 83 ■ 190 184 379 _ 733 _ 297 244 254 413 1,0 21 415 119 216 $ 1 . 32 1. 31 _ .6 9 _ .4 9 _ . 35 170 139 31 181 _ 766 _ 652 1 .7 0 182 84 182 327 96 54 357 2 . 08 1. 33 . 85 .9 9 1.6 6 .9 4 $ 1 .6 9 1 .7 2 1 .5 4 . 54 _ .4 0 _ .4 0 377 73 304 1, 133 169 1,087 1 .5 0 590 228 525 1 ,5 9 0 315 98 151 2 . 08 1. 13 .6 2 .7 0 1 . 18 .7 9 100 987 $ 1.8 8 1. 55 1.9 6 .9 0 1 .29 . 57 1 . 00 . 53 1. 51 2 . 13 1. 25 .9 4 1 . 10 1 . 09 1 . 12 W om en B a r and dining r o o m o c c u p a tio n s : B us g i r ls ________________________ C a s h ie r s ________________________ C h e c k e r - c a s h i e r s -------------------C h e c k e r s , fo o d _________________ C ou nter attendants ____________ H o s t e s s e s _______________________ W a it r e s s e s 2 ____________________ C a r _ _________________________ C ou n ter ______________________ T a b le _________________________ K itch en o c c u p a t io n s : C o o k s , a s s is ta n t _______________ C o o k s , h e a d ____________________ C o o k s , s h o r t o r d e r ____________ D is h w a s h e r s ____________________ K itch en h e lp e r s ________________ P a n t r y w o m e n ___________________ P o r t e r s __________________________ See footnotes at end of table, 53 272 24 217 68 2 , 012 305 1,486 199 34 315 165 252 " .66 1. 27 .9 5 . 81 1. 34 . 38 . 62 . 37 . 86 .7 8 . 67 .6 9 . 80 169 270 312 176 100 " . 56 162 . 59 1 . 21 194 36 254 72 1 ,6 7 6 461 103 1 , 112 1 . 06 1. 24 1 . 18 1 . 16 1 . 11 . 55 .7 0 . 51 1 ,8 5 4 129 310 1,4 1 5 1. 04 . 83 1. 32 . 48 . 34 . 67 .4 6 1 .4 5 1. 25 .7 8 1 . 01 .9 3 “ 230 _ 135 137 108 “ .9 4 _ _ . 62 .8 4 1 . 01 " 88 249 28 465 222 163 153 “ 1. 07 .8 1 1. 21 .4 2 . 14 . 70 . 51 .8 9 1 . 10 .8 7 . 65 . 73 .8 1 " 250 - _ 29 875 _ 47 828 . 52 1. 13 1 . 02 _ 1.51 .4 0 _ .4 9 .4 0 1 . 22 86 1.43 _ _ 1 . 12 - 151 288 134 105 - .7 8 .5 7 . 67 .6 9 1 . 16 . 36 37 235 114 3, 016 169 840 2, 007 1 .4 5 .9 9 .9 3 1 .2 7 . 41 .9 2 . 37 . 38 .7 3 37 .66 _ .68 .4 8 . 54 .7 1 22 _ _ _ 119 * _ _ 86 105 _ 8 _ _ 238 239 167 283 2 ,6 6 7 1 .0 8 1. 31 1 .4 2 1. 58 1. 23 1. 35 .6 1 .5 1 . 73 .6 0 70 26 113 258 90 474 - 1 .4 2 1. 55 1. 05 1 . 10 1 . 26 1 . 08 - 22 394 164 3, 018 68 Table 4. Average Hourly Wages: Selected Occupations— Continued (Number and average straight-time hourly wages 1 of employees in selected occupations in eating and drinking places, 27 selected areas, June 1961) N orth C en tral C h ica go C incinnati C levela n d D e tr o it Indianap olis K an sas City M ilw aukee O ccu p a tio n and s e x M in n ea p olis— St. P a u l St. L ou is A v e r N um ber A v e r A v er A ver A ver A ver A ver A v er A v er N um ber N u m ber N um ber N um ber N um ber N um ber N um ber N um ber age age age age age age age age age of em of em of em of em of em of em of em of em of em h ou rly h o u rly h o u rly h o u rly h o u r ly h o u rly h o u rly h o u rly h o u rly p lo y e e s p lo y e e s p lo y e e s p lo y e e s p lo y e e s p lo y e e s p lo y e e s p lo y e e s p lo y e e s w ages w a ges w ages w ages w ages w ages w ages w a ge s w ages M en B a r and dining r o o m o c c u p a t io n s : B a r t e n d e r s 2 -------------------------------P u b lic b a r s ---------------------------S e r v ic e b a r s -------------------------B u s b o y s ______________ ________ C ou n ter attendants -------------------W a ite rs 2 ________________________ C ou n ter ______________________ T a b le _________________________ 1 ,473 1 , 162 311 2,5 5 1 721 1,4 1 8 171 1,247 $2 . 1 0 K itch en o c c u p a tio n s : C o o k s , a s s is t a n t ------------------------C o o k s , h ead ____________________ C o o k s , s h o r t o r d e r -------------------D is h w a s h e r s ____________________ K itch e n h e l p e r s -------------------------P a n try m e n _____________ _______ P o r t e r s ____________________________ 1, 093 973 2, 524 4, 017 472 199 1,0 1 7 2 . 16 2. 36 1. 54 1. 05 1. 24 1 .8 4 1. 2 2 276 1, 042 178 58 971 394 10,361 1. 03 1.41 1. 37 1 .48 1. 0 2 1 .7 3 .6 7 2 .11 2. 04 .9 9 1 . 12 .8 4 1 . 09 .8 1 274 272 _ 309 126 337 325 206 110 231 475 161 - 259 $1 .7 6 1 .7 6 .9 6 1 .4 9 .8 1 .8 0 2. 2. 1. 1. 1. 04 96 55 06 12 1 . 16 383 368 15 620 - $2. 04 2. 04 2 . 16 .8 8 354 347 .7 6 .7 6 386 133 351 657 147 2. 17 2 .8 2 1 .4 4 1 . 02 1 . 10 - - 274 1. 19 141 246 .9 2 1. 27 1. 35 1 .4 0 1. 05 1 .4 0 .7 3 631 587 44 680 659 656 $2. 34 2. 35 2 . 11 .9 2 .8 6 82 53 29 106 $ 1 . 89 1 .7 9 2 . 06 .8 2 100 100 - 263 $ 1 .9 5 1 .95 - .8 1 - 123 - - - .86 - - 13 13 452 286 316 776 138 31 504 2. 38 2 .9 3 1. 59 1. 04 1 . 26 1. 84 1 .4 2 no 53 91 317 65 96 1 . 68 2 .4 2 1. 31 .8 9 1 . 10 1. 03 221 165 233 96 .8 3 1 .4 4 1. 73 132 59 112 .9 2 - 152 1.2 6 1 . 28 28 18 287 29 1, 249 247 145 845 .7 4 1. 35 1 . 20 1. 03 1 . 06 1. 58 . 52 .4 0 . 61 . 54 1. 25 1 . 02 1. 2 1 . 73 . 59 .9 4 46 1, 531 118 14 95 99 187 96 1. 25 1 .6 4 1. 23 .8 3 1 . 08 .9 9 - 99 281 503 124 38 170 - 375 366 - $1.99 1 .99 .8 9 - . 52 . 52 53 53 .8 4 . 84 1. 84 2 .4 3 1. 33 .9 0 1. 03 1. 03 .9 9 116 2 . 10 2.9 6 42 68 156 - 69 1 .4 4 1 . 11 1 . 28 515 471 44 231 109 - $2 . 2. 2. 1. 1. - 18 18 16 06 408 395 565 $2. 23 2 . 21 - 122 1 .7 2 .9 4 .9 7 00 658 515 244 197 329 504 104 247 1 . 98 2. 25 1. 73 1 . 12 1. 27 1. 33 459 51 149 47 23 1. 1. 1. 1. 120 128 742 60 455 1.0 2 1.97 2 .6 5 1.4 5 1 . 08 1. 24 - 1. 15 W om en B a r and dining r o o m o c c u p a t io n s : B u s g i r ls _______________ _________ C a s h i e r s ___________________________ C h e c k e r - c a s h i e r s ________________ C h e c k e r s , fo o d ___________________ C ou n te r a t t e n d a n ts _______________ H o s t e s s e s __________________________ W a it r e s s e s 2 _______________________ C a r — --------------------------------------C ou n ter -------------------------------------T a b le -----------------------------------------K itch en o c c u p a t io n s : C o o k s , a s s is ta n t -------------------------C o o k s , h e a d _______________________ ________ C ook s, sh ort o r d e r D is h w a s h e r s ______________________ K itch e n h e l p e r s ___________________ P a n try w o m e n __ __ ____ ___ _ P o r t e r s ------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. _ 1 , 280 9, 053 325 37 313 462 591 760 92 _ .7 3 .66 1 .6 9 105 .88 86 1. 36 1. 27 33 112 54 1,9 26 16 1 _ 1. 10 1 .7 1 .7 9 . 68 419 1,041 .9 2 .7 4 24 1 .6 7 2 . 00 _ 1. 38 .9 9 1. 33 1. 30 1. 35 108 85 225 159 “ - 1 .5 3 1. 03 1 . 16 1. 2 1 " 21 15 182 107 3 ,5 7 9 209 251 3, 119 248 46 136 276 140 375 38 - I ll 2144, 268 - - .9 8 1. 67 . 84 - .66 . 67 . 73 321 3 ,6 0 2 .9 3 .8 7 1. 35 2. 03 1 . 28 .9 1 1 . 18 1. 19 1 . 06 297 34 134 572 322 382 52 1 . 82 1 .9 9 1 . 29 1 .0 9 1. 24 1. 31 1. 1 0 60 10 ~ ~ 11 16 102 80 2 , 102 146 425 1 ,4 9 5 106 - 115 133 14 185 “ - - - 1 . 39 1. 15 - 1.81 .9 1 - - - 1 . 08 1. 0 2 122 .8 8 1 ,4 5 5 .8 9 1. 54 1. 51 1 .4 6 1. 1 0 1. 2 2 1. 37 1 . 28 235 53 93 314 398 232 37 1 .46 1.8 7 1. 17 .9 6 1. 17 1. 33 1. 25 .9 3 .9 1 393 2, 372 1 .4 9 155 1 .5 6 16 63 260 369 “ - 40 197 49 136 “ - 1 . 26 1 . 18 1. 34 1 .29 ” .9 1 1. 1 2 1. 30 1 .4 0 1. 1 6 1 .6 4 1. 6 1 1. 0 2 207 1, 298 - - 336 no 55 30 377 48 1,761 184 84 2 ,9 4 8 . 68 1. 05 .8 3 1. 07 1. 05 00 34 51 56 126 159 18 .86 .6 1 Table 4. Average Hourly Wages: Selected Occupations— Continued (Number and average straight-time hourly wages 1 of employees in selected occupations in eating and drinking places, 27 selected areas, June 1961) W est L o s A n g e le s Long B e a ch D e n ve r O ccu p a tio n and s e x N um ber of em p lo y e e s A v e ra g e h o u rly w a ge s N u m ber of e m p lo y e e s San F r a n c i s c o Oakland P o r tla n d A v era ge h o u rly w ages N u m ber of e m p lo y e e s A v e ra g e h o u rly w a ges N u m ber of e m p lo y e e s A v e ra g e h ou rly w ages M en B a r and dining r o o m o c c u p a tio n s : B a r te n d e r s 12 ___________________ P u b lic b a r s _________________ S e r v ic e b a r s ________________ B u s b o y s ________________________ C ou n ter a t t e n d a n ts _____________ W a ite rs 2 -----------------------------------C ou nter ______________________ T a b le _________________________ K itch en o c c u p a tio n s : C o o k s , a s s is ta n t _______________ C o o k s , h ead ____________________ C o o k s , s h o r t o r d e r ____________ D is h w a s h e r s ____________________ K itch e n h e l p e r s _________________ P a n t r y m e n __ __ _________________ P o r t e r s _______ _____ ____ _________ 189 172 - 458 27 103 - 102 243 110 170 573 106 52 72 $ 1 .7 0 1 .6 5 - . 86 1. 19 .8 0 .8 0 2 ,8 9 8 2 ,6 6 5 233 3 ,8 1 6 - 2 ,4 6 4 2 , 212 1. 56 1 .97 1 ,5 9 7 943 1 . 39 2 , 019 .9 5 1. 13 1 . 21 1. 30 5 ,4 1 3 561 369 894 $ 2 . 33 2 . 29 2 .7 3 1 . 18 1. 24 - 1 . 20 2. 50 3. 20 2. 32 1 .3 9 1. 55 2 . 12 1. 51 206 198 _ 158 _ 35 - 181 114 111 453 60 _ 64 $ 2 . 34 2. 32 _ 1. 23 _ 1 .4 0 _ - 769 745 24 1 , 268 _ 1, 309 _ 1, 225 2 . 09 1. 32 1, 684 471 451 1 ,4 5 5 131 433 451 1 . 16 1 .4 4 1. 33 218 335 78 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 34 195 62 160 24 3 ,8 4 7 480 934 2, 337 2. 78 1.81 1 . 28 1. 30 _ $ 2 . 80 2 . 81 2 . 59 1. 54 _ 1 .4 8 _ 1 .47 2. 3. 2. 1. 1. 2. 1. 63 31 33 63 84 27 75 W om en B a r and dining r o o m o c c u p a tio n s : B us g i r ls ________________________ C a s h ie r s ________________________ C h e c k e r - c a s h ie r s _____________ C h e c k e r s , fo o d _________________ C ou nter attendants ____________ H o s te s s e s _______________________ W a it r e s s e s 2 ___________________ C a r ___________ ________________ C ou n ter ______________________ T a b le _________________________ K itch en o c c u p a tio n s : C o o k s , a s s is ta n t _______________ C o o k s , h ead ____________________ C o o k s , s h o r t o r d e r ___________ D is h w a s h e r s ___________________ K itch en h e lp e r s ________________ P a n t r y w o m e n __________ _______ P o r t e r s _________________________ 1 days, 49 55 1,811 181 1 ,456 112 41 37 11 92 “ - 1 . 09 1. 52 . 81 - 946 220 .8 0 59 945 776 1 6 ,0 0 0 3, 205 11,251 1 . 39 1. 31 .9 7 1 . 16 1 .4 0 “ 329 504 374 107 248 “ .88 1.6 6 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. . 1. 1. 51 55 18 61 12 14 10 29 75 28 _ 67 24 1 ,427 76 328 1 ,0 2 3 1 . 90 88 1 . 81 50 84 95 _ 1. 37 1 .6 0 1. 83 ~ 122 49 “ 20 11 25 25 2 . 02 2. 37 1 .7 7 1. 35 1.41 1. 58 “ 1. 63 1 .9 3 2 . 06 1 .9 6 1. 72 2. 05 1 .4 3 1 . 11 1 .6 3 1 .4 0 117 2 . 29 229 360 71 98 2 . 21 _ 1. 78 1. 94 2 . 02 - W age data e x clu d e tips and the value o f f r e e m e a ls , r o o m s , and u n ifo r m s , i f any w e r e p r o v id e d , and p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o li and late s h ifts . M ay in clu d e e m p lo y e e s in c la s s ific a t io n in add ition to th ose show n s e p a r a te ly . 2 NOTE: D a sh e s in d ica te no data r e p o r te d o r data that do not m e e t p u b lic a tio n c r it e r i a . Table 5. Wage Distribution. Men Bartenders (Service Bars) (Distribution of men bartenders (service bars) in eating and drinking places by average straight-time hourly wages, 1 16 selected areas, 2 June 1961) N ortheast A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 B oston B u ffalo South N ew ark and J ersey City New Y o rk City P h ila d elphia P it t s bu rgh U nder $ 1 . 2 5 ________________________ - - 10 - - - $ 1 .2 5 $ 1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and un d er u n d er under un d er u n d er $ 1. 3 0 ____________ $ 1. 3 5 ____________ $ 1 . 4 0 ____________ $ 1 . 4 5 ____________ $ 1. 5 0 ------------------ _ - _ - _ 3 - _ 34 - - 32 5 3 _ - $ 1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 . 90 and and and and and u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er $ 1. 6 0 ____________ $ 1 . 7 0 -----------------$ 1 . 8 0 ____________ $ 1 .9 0 —__________ $ 2 . 0 0 ____________ 13 35 2 _ 9 _ - 1 8 _ 33 6 1 11 11 00 and u n d er $ 2 . 1 0 ____________ 1 0 and un d er $ 2 . 2 0 ____________ 33 19 - $2. $2. $2. $2. $ 2. 20 and un d er $ 2 . 3 0 -----------------30 and u n d er $ 2 . 4 0 ____________ 40 and u n d er $ 2. 5 0 ------------------ $ 2 . 50 and o v e r ____________________ 8 24 1 _ 4 - - _ _ 119 46 99 115 16 - 6 _ _ - - - - - 4 1 36 3 _ 4 - 6 2 1 2 7 3 24 2 _ _ 13 15 590 21 89 68 $ 2 . 08 $ 1 . 70 $1 . 63 $ 2 . 06 - - - - - - - 27 9 - - _ " _ - _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - 13 19 46 33 14 _ 46 78 3 _ _ - 11 _ _ _ - - 54 - 132 17 9 _ _ 9 - 4 6 2 4 5 4 _ - 20 1 15 _ - 4 9 - - - - _ 2 47 25 _ 6 4 _ 7 D e tro it - 3 $ 1 . 86 C le v e land - - 132 2 C h icago W est L os San M in n e Indian A n g e le s - F r a n a p o lis — a p o lis Lon g c is co— St. P a u l B e a ch Oakland 11 1 $1 . 87 186 $ 1.11 27 _ _ - _ 44 _ _ 35 29 52 47 5 70 - _ _ 12 6 12 31 304 311 15 44 29 44 233 24 $ 1 . 54 $ 1 . 96 $ 2 . 04 $ 2 . 16 $2. 11 $ 2 . 06 $ 2 . 16 $2 . 73 $ 2 . 59 W age data e x c lu d e tip s and the value o f f r e e m e a ls , r o o m s , and u n ifo r m s , i f any w e r e p r o v id e d , and p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r tim e and fo r w ork on w eek en d s, h o li and la te sh ifts . Data f o r A tlanta, D a lla s , H ouston, M e m p h is, M ia m i, C in cin n ati, K ansas C ity, M ilw au k ee, St. L o u is , D e n ve r, and P o r tla n d did not m e e t p u b lica tion c r it e r ia . E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d as fo llo w s : 114 at $ 0 .8 5 to $ 0 .9 0 ; 3 at $ 0 .9 0 to $ 0 .9 5 ; 10 at $ 0 .9 5 to $ 1 ; and 18 at $1 to $ 1 .0 5 . E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is tr ib u te d as fo llo w s : 108 at $2. 50 to $ 2 . 60; and 28 at $ 2 . 80 and o v e r . E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d as fo llo w s : 12 at $ 2 . 60 to $ 2 . 70; 3 at $ 3 . 10 to $ 3 . 20; and 55 at $ 4 . E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d as fo llo w s : 4 at $2 . 50 to $ 2 . 60; 2 at $2 . 80 to $ 2 . 90; and 6 at $ 2 . 90 and o v e r . 2 3 4 5 6 8 - 9 - T o ta l e m p l o y e e s ------------------- 1 3 145 New O rle a n s 2 1 1 6 8 A v e ra g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 _______ ___ days, B a lt i m ore N orth C en tral W ash ington, D. C. Table 6. Wage Distribution: Men Assistant Cooks (Distribution of men assistant cooks in eating and drinking places by average straight-time hourly wages,1 27 selected areas, June 1961) N orth ea st A v e r a g e h o u r ly w ages 1 B oston U nder $ 0 .7 5 .......................... Bu ffalo - _ _ New Y o r k C ity $ 0 . 75 $ 0 . 80 $ 0 . 85 $ 0 .9 0 $ 0 . 95 and and and and and un d er un d er u n d er u nd er un d er $ 0 . 8 0 ___________ $ 0 . 85 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ $ 0 . 9 0 _____ _ $ 0 .9 5 $ 1.0 0 _ - - - $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1.10 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1 . 20 and and and and and u n d er un d er u n d er un d er u n d er $ 1 .0 5 $ 1.10 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1. 20 $ 1 . 25 — _ ___________ ---------------___________ ___________ _ - _ _ 5 5 ~ _ _ _ - $ 1 .2 5 $ 1 . 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and un d er un d er un d er u n d er u n d er $ 1. 30 $ 1 . 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1. 50 ___________ _____ ---------------_____ ___________ 28 24 34 17 137 5 _ $ 1 .5 0 $ 1.6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1.9 0 and and and and and u n d er u n d er un d er un d er un d er $ 1 . 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1. 80 $ 1.9 0 $ 2 . 00 ___________ ___ ___________ ___________ ---------------- 81 $ 2.0 0 $ 2 .10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 .4 0 and and and and and un d er u nd er un d er u nd er u n d er $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 . 50 and o v e r ___ T o ta l e m p lo y e e s A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 _ . _ _ _ 96 P h ila d elp h ia _ _ _ P itts burgh A tlanta B a ltim o re 35 _ _ _ _ 48 26 5 _ _ 1 - - 1 _ 4 _ _ _ _ 25 20 1 _ 2 17 13 27 1 _ _ _ H ouston _ - 5 13 _ 38 - 21 76 7 17 15 28 14 2 3 3 14 5 - 22 - 114 37 66 1 8 62 20 4 9 5 3 - ___________ ----------------- ---------_________ __ ____ _ 234 95 83 32 6 6 2 8 - 72 321 279 96 203 _ _ 92 3 12 4 896 1.089 48 - 2, 558 385 129 145 387 280 384 227 $ 1.9 0 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 29 $ 1 .9 7 $ 2 .0 1 $ 1 . 82 $ 1 . 21 $ 1 . 54 $ 1 . 35 $ 1 . 37 ------------------------ 61 71 71 _ 9 118 332 2 26 32 2 4 5 111 8 _ 11 4 _ 13 7 11 15 31 22 6 46 14 36 18 3 25 26 7 _ 2 16 14 5 13 11 6 61 51 _ 10 13 37 11 21 22 11 4 13 _ 5 7 3 13 22 49 14 1 6 8 2 29 4 3 2 7 4 2 5 1 2 12 15 14 4 16 40 7 20 20 4 4 18 20 2 - 3 - 2 6 1 _ _ 5 _ 17 2 _ _ - 12 - 1 - 6 1 2 12 21 2 10 1 15 18 31 13 12 8 2 10 4 _ _ _ 14 19 7 8 16 - 10 _ _ 4 14 20 9 W ash ington, D. C. . 2 11 1 2 1 51 3 15 14 - 10 2 New O rlea n s 73 4 _ _ _ 9 M ia m i 2 19 2 1 10 _ _ _ M em ph is _ _ 50 - D alla s _ - See footnotes at end of table. 1 1 - _ _ South N ew ark and Jersey C itv 69 11 44 4 23 10 1 1 2 21 14 42 4 9 20 2 8 12 16 26 6 84 36 11 93 244 182 590 $ 1 .0 4 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 . 50 $ 1 . 51 _ Table 6. Wage Distribution: Men Assistant Cooks— Continued (D is trib u tio n o f m en a s s is ta n t c o o k s in eating and drinking p la c e s by a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-t im e h o u r ly w a g e s , 1 27 s e le c t e d a r e a s , June 1961) W est N orth C e n tra l A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 C h icago U nder $ 0 .7 5 ------------------------------------ D en ver San P ortla n d F r a n c is c o — Oakland _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ - _ _ - _ _ - _ _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ - 9 _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ - 42 _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ 3 24 _ 12 16 1 1 _ _ _ _ - 20 12 2 12 22 _ _ _ - _ _ _ - 25 26 7 17 10 -------------- — ---------------------------------------------- — ----------------- $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1.10 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1 .2 0 and and and and and un d er un d er u n d er u n d er u n d er $ 1 .0 5 $ 1.10 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1. 20 $ 1 .2 5 —-----------------------------— --------------------------------------------- $ 1 .2 5 $ 1 . 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1. 40 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and under u nd er u nd er u n d er u n d er $ 1. 30 $ 1 . 35 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1. 50 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 22 6 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 . 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1.9 0 and and and and and u nd er un d er u nd er u nd er un d er $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $1 . 9 0 $2 . 0 0 --------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 2.00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 and and and and and u nd er un d er u nd er un d er un d er $ 2. $ 2. $2. $2. $2. _ 8 - _ _ _ _ - 9 9 _ - 70 99 14 53 35 6 20 68 4 9 23 9 29 — ------------------------30 —-------------40 ----------------5 0 ----------------- 194 37 119 107 33 38 43 30 47 47 ------------------------------- 6 265 ----- ------ — ----------------- 6 24 1 3 6 9 19 20 17 47 _ _ 11 _ 30 6 _ 12 _ _ _ 7 _ 4 18 9 28 2 12 22 12 43 31 43 41 38 5 4 17 29 38 28 2 2 11 2 9 14 7 14 3 45 5 7 17 17 40 3 _ 19 4 13 24 2 16 1 _ 9 16 _ 14 10 _ 16 8 13 8 58 - _ 41 105 42 16 6 2 202 211 12 8 1 76 124 _ _ - _ _ 33 > - _ 5 26 33 _ 2 2 10 - 3 27 51 57 3 - 13 77 189 5 242 9 7 107 8 199 2 11 9 32 6 20 1 10 833 15 11 1 . 088 1 .0 9 3 206 386 452 110 221 116 244 459 243 1. 597 181 1 .6 8 4 $ 2 . 16 $ 2 .0 4 $ 2 . 17 $ 2 . 38 $ 1 . 68 $ 1 .8 4 $ 2 . 10 $ 1.9 8 $ 1 .9 7 $ 1 . 56 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 .0 9 $2 . 63 10 20 1 W age d ata e x c lu d e tip s and and la te s h ifts . 2 E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d 2 E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d * E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d 5 E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d 6 E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d 7 E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d 8 E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d 26 at $ 3 .1 0 and o v e r . 9 E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d 10 E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d and 156 at $3 and o v e r . 11 E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d 82 at $ 3 to $ 3 . 10; and 172 at $ 3 . 10 M ilw aukee _ $ 0 . 80 $ 0 . 85 $ 0 . 90 $ 0 .9 5 $ 1 .0 0 A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 K ansas C ity . _ _ - un d er un d er un d er un d er un d er T o ta l e m p lo y e e s D e tro it Indianap olis _ and and and and and C leveland L os A n g e le s Long B ea ch _ _ _ _ _ _ _ $ 0 . 75 $ 0 . 80 $ 0 . 85 $ 0 .9 0 $ 0 .9 5 $ 2 . 50 and o v e r C incinnati M inne a p o lis — St. L ou is St. P a u l 16 2 21 22 2 - 15 61 31 37 36 11 the value o f f r e e m e a ls , r o o m s , and u n ifo rm s , i f any w e re p r o v id e d , and p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o rk on w eek en d s, h olid a y s , as as as as as as as fo llo w s ; fo llo w s : fo llo w s : fo llo w s : fo llo w s : fo llo w s : fo llo w s : as fo llo w s : as fo llo w s : as fo llo w s : and o v e r . 2 at $ 0 . 50 to $ 0 . 55; 2 at $ 0 . 55 to $ 0 . 60; 2 at $ 0 . 60 to $ 0 . 65; 4 at $ 0 . 65 to $ 0 . 70; and 9 at $ 0 . 70 to $ 0 . 75. 6 at $ 2 . 70 to $ 2 . 80; and 6 at $ 2 . 80 to $ 2 . 90. 296 at $ 2 .5 0 to $ 2 . 60; 200 17 at $ 2 . 50 to $ 2 . 60; 51 at 51 at $ 2. 50 to $ 2. 60; 136 at 18 at $ 2 . 50 to $ 2 . 60; 23 at 66 at $ 2 .5 0 to $ 2 .6 0 ; 21 at $ 2 . 60 $ 2 . 60 to $ 2. 60 to $ 2 . 60 to at $ 2 .6 0 to $ 2 . 70; 127 at $ 2 . 70 to $ 2 .8 0 ; 94 at $ 2 .8 0 to $ 2 . y0; and 179 at $ 2 .9 0 and o v e r . $ 2 . 70; 2 at $ 2 . 70 to $ 2 . 80; 1 at $ 2. 80 to $ 2 . 90; and 40 at $ 2 . 90 and o v e r . $ 2. 70; and 78 at $ 2. 70 and o v e r . $ 2 . 70; 2 at $ 2 . 70 to $ 2 . 80; 60 at $ 3 . 10 to $ 3 . 20; and 4 at $ 3 . 20 and o v e r . to $ 2 .7 0 ; 40 at $ 2 .7 0 to $ 2 .8 0 ; 21 at $ 2 .8 0 to $ 2 .9 0 ; 25 at $3 to $ 3 .1 0 ; and 10 at $ 2 . 50 to $ 2 . 60; 6 at $ 2 . 60 to $ 2 . 70; 2 at $ 2 . 70 to $ 2 . 80; 5 at $ 2 . 80 to $ 2 .9 0 ; and 9 at $ 2 .9 0 and o v e r . 175 at $ 2 .5 0 to $ 2 .6 0 ; 195 at $ 2 .6 0 to $ 2 .7 0 ; 99 at $ 2 .7 0 to $ 2 .8 0 ; 143 at $ 2 .8 0 to $ 2 .9 0 ; 65 at $ 2 .9 0 to $3; 227 at $ 2 .5 0 to $ 2 .6 0 ; 180 at $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .9 0 to $3; to $ 2 .7 0 ; 196 at $ 2 .7 0 to $ 2 .8 0 ; 214 at $ 2 .8 0 to $ 2 .9 0 ; 17 at Table 7. Wage Distribution: Men Dishwashers (Distribution of men dishwashers in eating and drinking places by average straight-time hourly wages, 1 27 selected areas, June 1961) N orth ea st A v e r a g e h o u r ly w ages 1 B oston B uffalo U nder $ 0 . 30 $ 0. 35 $ 0 .4 0 $ 0. 45 $0. and and and and 3 0 ________________________ un d er $ 0 . 3 5 ____________ un d er $ 0. 4 0 _____________ un d er $ 0 . 4 5 ____________ u n d er $ 0. 5 0 ____________ $ 0. $0. $0. $0. $0. 50 55 60 65 70 and and and and and u n d er u n d er u nd er u n d er u n d er $ 0. $0. $0. $0. $0. 5 5 ------------------6 0 ____________ 6 5 ____________ 7 0 ____________ 7 5 ____________ $0. $0. $0. $0. $ 0. 75 80 85 90 95 and and and and and un d er un d er un d er un d er u n d er $0. $0. $0. $0. $ 1. 8 0 ____________ 8 5 ____________ 9 0 ____________ 9 5 ____________ 0 0 ____________ 17 25 150 27 178 70 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1. 20 and and and and and u nd er un d er un d er un d er un d er $ 1 . 0 5 ____________ $ 1 . 1 0 ____________ $ 1 . 1 5 ____________ $ 1. 2 0 ____________ $ 1. 25 __ 774 33 311 177 87 109 16 9 48 - $ 1 .2 5 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and u nd er u nd er un d er un d er un d er $ 1 . 3 0 ____________ $ 1 .3 5 ____________ $ 1 . 4 0 ____________ $ 1 . 4 5 ____________ $ 1 . 5 0 ____________ 367 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 .9 0 and and and and and un d er unde r u n d er un d er u nd er $ 1 . 6 0 ____________ $ 1 . 7 0 ____________ $ 1 . 8 0 ____________ $ 1 . 9 0 ____________ $ 2 . 0 0 ___ 98 - $ 2 . 00 and o v e r _____________________ _ T o ta l e m p l o y e e s _____________ A v e r a g e h o u r ly w ages 1 _ See footnote at end of table. New Y o rk C ity - - - - - _ - _ - - - _ _ South N ew ark and Jersey C ity P h ila d elphia P itts bu rgh A tlanta 12 6 12 B a ltim o re M em phis _ _ _ _ - - - - 42 - - - _ 249 70 _ _ 17 - _ _ _ 139 _ _ _ 27 - 18 67 141 49 73 54 3 51 3 81 48 70 62 12 100 36 67 19 60 25 124 60 50 26 - 73 _ 27 1 6 48 135 62 51 49 6 16 _ 104 56 69 26 135 235 39 2 - 89 304 725 617 444 261 72 53 16 57 415 380 151 132 105 109 46 18 4 25 122 22 20 2 62 4 3 - 9 27 - 9 - - 994 276 944 356 230 142 _ 75 60 11 3 31 2 12 7 42 17 13 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 _ - 42 _ _ 18 - 1, 225 702 247 70 45 _ 1 9 _ 2 ,2 8 7 434 7, 813 992 $ 1 . 13 $ 0 . 98 $ 1 .3 2 $ 1 .0 8 111 59 18 25 8 _ - 2 _ 2 - _ - 249 40 - _ 16 3 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ H ouston _ - _ _ _ _ D allas 1 _ 16 1 20 _ 7 53 55 67 33 20 91 51 84 2 1 1 1 6 . 1 _ _ _ _ M ia m i New O rleans W ash ington, D. C. _ 19 _ 9 _ 4 _ 30 _ _ _ 24 16 19 28 219 36 91 48 57 _ _ 28 4 247 85 155 72 108 17 22 2 118 43 2 8 2 •44 - _ - 9 4 12 8 _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ 11 15 7 - - 84 233 117 182 71 313 107 44 4 19 _ _ 30 14 _ _ - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ > _ _ . . _ _ 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2, 025 631 455 614 655 458 186 1 , 021 327 1 ,590 $ 1 .0 4 $ 0 .9 6 $ 0 . 61 $ 0 . 87 $ 0 . 78 $ 0 . 70 $ 0 .4 6 $ 0 .8 5 $ 0 .6 2 $ 0 .9 4 - 6 6 20 129 8 _ Table 7. Wage Distribution: Men Dishwashers— Continued (Distribution of men dishwashers in eating and drinking places by average straight-time hourly wages, 1 27 selected areas, June 1961) W est N orth C en tral A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a ge s 1 C h icago U nder $ 0 . 30 $ 0 .3 5 $ 0. 40 $ 0. 45 $0. and and and and 3 0 _________________________ u n d er $ 0 . 3 5 _____________ un d er $ 0 . 4 0 _____________ u n d er $ 0. 4 5 ------------------un d er $ 0. 5 0 ------------------- $0. $0. $0. $0. $0. 50 55 60 65 70 and and and and and und er u n d er un d er un d er u n d er $0. $0. $0. $0. $0. 5 5 _____________ 6 0 _____________ 6 5 ------------------7 0 ------------------7 5 _____________ $0. $ 0. $0. $0. $ 0. 75 80 85 90 95 and and and and and un d er un d er u nd er un d er un d er $ 0 . 8 0 ------------------$ 0. 8 5 ------------------$ 0 . 9 0 ____________ $ 0 . 9 5 _____________ $ 1 . 0 0 ------------------- K ansas C ity * - 2 _ - _ _ " 29 16 20 2 21 2 6 8 24 57 24 3 70 156 4 33 33 17 23 5 40 44 79 37 41 6 _ - 34 - - 174 378 234 422 7 26 15 21 8 8 12 11 180 63 100 $ 1 . 0 5 ------------------$ 1 . 1 0 _____________ ___________ $ 1 .1 5 $ 1 . 2 0 _____________ $ 1. 2 5 --------------------- 910 $ 1. 25 $ 1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er un d er $ 1. 3 0 _____________ $ 1. 3 5 ------------------$ 1 . 4 0 ------------------$ 1 .4 5 _ --------------$ 1 . 5 0 ____________ 258 77 113 3 - $ 1 . 6 0 _____________ $ 1 . 7 0 ____________ $ 1 . 8 0 _____________ $ 1 . 9 0 _____________ $ 2 . 0 0 _____________ Indianapolis - u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er un d er un d er un d er D e tro it - and and and and and and and and and and C leveland - $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1.10 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1. 70 $ 1 . 80 $ 1 . 90 C incinnati 210 719 106 116 21 44 - - M ilw aukee 44 “ " “ ■ ” - " 6 24 42 " " “ ■ _ _ 27 48 " 47 37 27 7 10 33 430 4 127 182 138 10 4 74 25 724 752 351 42 1 ,6 7 0 274 17 - 11 10 " 44 18 16 44 3 7 9 - 87 29 _ 10 6 3 37 - 25 - 2 1 174 58 15 32 5 - 86 8 - - - 2 10 2 18 6 11 19 _ - - - 77 8 _ _ 2 78 - _ - - - 9 - . - 16 - 8 8 22 D en v er - 79 19 27 94 23 36 38 St. L ou is San L os P ortla n d F r a n cis c o A n g e le s Oakland Long B ea ch - 190 24 132 9 - 100 M inne a p o lis— St. P aul 8 _ 1 - - 102 53 7 65 104 51 38 9 _ - _ 1 87 11 66 52 2 37 67 71 281 31 19 6 2 19 67 18 3 6 - 69 4 3 10 2 _ - - 10 405 256 146 55 42 10 ■ 33 41 76 28 16 10 - 382 320 332 173 14 2 1 ■ $ 2 . 00 and o v e r ______________________ _ _ 13 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 55 - 23 T o ta l e m p l o y e e s --------------------- 4, 017 475 657 776 317 503 156 504 742 573 5 ,4 1 3 453 1, 455 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1.0 6 $ 1.0 2 $ 1 .0 4 $ 0 . 89 $ 0 .9 0 $ 1 . 11 $ 1 . 12 $ 1 .0 8 $ 0 .9 5 $ 1 . 39 $ 1 . 28 $ 1 .6 3 A v e r a g e h o u r ly w ages 1 1 days, ----------------- W age data e x c lu d e tip s and the value o f f r e e m e a ls , r o o m s , and u n ifo rm s , if any w e re p r o v id e d , and p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r tim e and f o r w ork on w eeken ds, and la te s h ifts . h o li- Table 8. Wage Distribution: W om en Cashiers (Distribution of women cashiers in eating and drinking places by average straight-time hourly wages, 1 26 selected areas, 2 June 1961) N orth ea st A v e ra g e h o u r ly w ages 1 B o sto n B u ffalo New Y o r k City South N ew ark and Jersey P h ila d elph ia P it t s bu rgh A tlanta B a lt im o r e D allas H ouston M em phis M ia m i New O rlean s ___ C i t y - - - $ 0 .7 5 $ 0 . 80 $ 0 . 85 $ 0 . 90 $ 0 . 95 and and and and and un d er un d er un d er u n d er u n d er $ 0. $0. $0. $0. $ 1. 8 0 ___________ 8 5 ___________ 9 0 ___________ 9 5 ___________ 0 0 ___________ _ 14 _ - _ 83 $ 1. 00 $ 1. 05 $ 1 . 10 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1. 20 and and and and and un d er un d er un d er un d er un d er $ 1. 0 5 ___________ $ 1 . 1 0 ___________ $ 1 . 15 $ 1 . 2 0 ___________ $ 1. 2 5 ___________ 44 7 14 28 4 36 13 7 _ _ 90 35 44 $ 1. 25 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1. 40 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and un d er un d er u n d er u n d er un d er $ 1 . 3 0 ___________ $ 1 . 3 5 ___________ $ 1. 4 0 ___________ $ 1. 4 5 ___________ $ 1 . 5 0 ___________ 27 48 15 39 23 5 4 4 56 7 _ U nder $ 0 . 75 _______________________ $ 1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 . 80 $ 1.9 0 and and and and and u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er u nd er $ 1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 . 8 0 ___________ $ 1 . 90 $ 2 . 0 0 ___________ $ 2 . 00 $ 2 .10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2. 30 $ 2. 40 and and and and and u nd er u n d er u nd er u n d er un d er $2. $2. $2. $ 2. $ 2. $ 2 . 50 and o v e r _ _ 1 0 ___________ 2 0 ___________ 3 0 ___________ 4 0 ___________ 5 0 ___________ , _ T ota l e m p l o y e e s ____________ A v e ra g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 ___________ See footnotes at end of table. 1 20 _ 8 _ _ 13 _ _ - _ - _ 17 27 - - 1 1 _ 14 _ _ 4 _ 15 _ 55 _ 5 - 20 1 43 11 22 9 _ 7 8 - 13 2 149 59 59 9 18 14 42 163 2 15 18 147 187 104 50 - 18 5 12 6 12 11 12 15 5 4 10 _ _ 2 22 24 69 7 9 15 _ 15 2 2 9 - 2 10 2 10 7 _ _ _ 1 2 1 3 24 4 17 10 13 9 19 5 17 2 21 10 2 2 9 17 8 27 _ 19 83 20 12 2 52 5 4 3 _ 30 40 - - 2 2 7 7 4 15 _ _ _ _ _ - _ 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ - 11 2 2 8 _ 22 10 9 - 9 _ _ 2 _ _ - - - - - - - - _ > _ _ _ _ _ _ - " - _ _ _ 7 13 _ - 21 35 _ _ _ 1 8 2 - 10 7 3 9 33 _ _ _ _ 46 10 2 _ _ 5 _ _ _ _ 5 20 3 7 - - _ _ _ 2 W ash ington, D. C. 19 30 35 4 - 15 - 2 46 6 37 3 2 9 2 22 16 5 14 - 28 7 8 6 28 17 19 - - - - _ _ _ - - _ 8 5 - - 334 90 1,0 9 0 139 350 129 272 79 205 194 83 250 105 239 $1 . 31 $ 1 . 22 $ 1 . 45 $ 1 .4 8 $ 1 . 28 $ 1 . 11 $ 1 . 27 $1 . 24 $ 1 . 21 $ 1 . 06 $ 0 . 89 $ 1 . 16 $ 1 . 13 $ 1 . 31 Table 8. W age Distribution: Women Cashiers— Continued (Distribution of women cashiers in eating and drinking places by average straight-time hourly wages, 1 26 selected areas, 2 June 1961) N orth C en tral W est A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 C h icago C incinnati C levelan d D e tro it Indianapolis K ansas C ity M ilw aukee M inne a p o lis — St. P aul St. L ou is L os A n g e le s Long B ea ch P ortla n d San F r a n c is c o — Oakland U nder $ 0 . 75 _______________________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - . _ $ 0 .7 5 $ 0 . 80 $ 0 . 85 $ 0 . 90 $ 0. 95 and and and and and u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er u n d er $ 0 . 8 0 ____________ $ 0 . 8 5 ____________ $ 0 . 9 0 ____________ $ 0 . 9 5 ____________ $ 1 . 0 0 ____________ _ - _ " _ - _ 5 - _ - _ 13 13 _ - _ - 8 24 - _ - _ 5 _ - $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1.10 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1 .2 0 and and and and and u n d er u n d er u n d er un d er un d er $ 1 . 0 5 ____________ $ 1 . 1 0 ____________ $ 1 . 1 5 ____________ $ 1 . 2 0 ____________ $ 1 . 2 5 ____________ 194 80 5 7 3 8 2 20 _ - 4 - 8 1 6 4 25 10 _ - _ - . - $ 1. 25 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and un d er un d er u nd er un d er un d er 41 13 32 - 19 “ 8 35 24 14 119 _ 37 - _ - 1 10 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 . 90 and and and and and 12 11 7 49 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 and and and and and 2 _ 5 54 12 8 40 7 $ 1 . 3 0 ____________ $ 1 . 3 5 ____________ $ 1 . 4 0 ____________ $ 1 . 4 5 ____________ $ 1 . 5 0 ____________ 171 5 105 26 2 10 20 - under u nd er u nd er u nd er u n d er $ 1 . 6 0 ____________ $ 1 . 7 0 ____________ $ 1 .8 0 __________ $ 1 . 9 0 ____________ $ 2 . 0 0 ____________ 149 94 18 48 - 10 u n d er un d er u n d er u nd er u nd er $2. $2. $2. $2. $2. 39 32 - _ 22 _ 1 0 ____________ 2 0 ____________ 3 0 ____________ 4 0 ____________ 5 0 ____________ $ 2. 50 and o v e r ____________________ 41 11 5 9 - 10 - 2 8 11 12 24 2 24 - 2 8 ' 35 _ 4 - 15 13 4 1 1 13 4 4 ~ " - 53 9 14 5 6 6 20 2 - 34 5 12 21 _ 14 5 - 24 - - 2 2 1 12 - 23 32 24 18 8 10 - - ~ _ - _ - - ~ _ _ 6 _ _ - - - 4 _ _ 4 4 - _ _ _ - 1 21 4 - - - - 8 _ - 199 195 150 40 - _ - 1 - 12 6 1 53 14 1 122 - 64 - _ 113 36 3 - - - 10 - - _ _ _ _ 4 2 2 T o ta l e m p l o y e e s _____________ 1 ,0 4 2 86 246 233 59 152 28 149 110 946 75 335 A v e ra g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 ____________ $ 1 .4 1 $1 . 36 $ 1 . 27 $ 1 .4 4 $1. 35 $ 1 . 26 $ 1 . 39 $ 1 . 34 $ 1 . 12 $ 1.6 6 $ 1 .4 4 $ 1 .9 3 1 days, W age data e x c lu d e tips and the value o f fr e e m e a ls , and late s h ifts . D ata f o r D e n v e r did not m e e t pu b lica tio n c r it e r ia . E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d as fo llo w s : 1 at $ 0 .5 5 E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d as fo llo w s : 8 at $ 0 .5 5 E m p lo y e e s w e r e d is trib u te d as fo llo w s : 4 at $ 0 .6 0 2 3 4 5 r o o m s , and u n ifo rm s , if any w e r e p r o v id e d , to to to and p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r tim e and f o r w ork on w eek en d s, h o li $ 0 .6 0 ; 10 at $ 0 .6 0 to $ 0 .6 5 ; 6 at $ 0 .6 5 to $ 0 .7 0 ; and 7 at $ 0 .7 0 to $ 0 .7 5 . $ 0 .6 0 ; 1 at $ 0 .6 0 to $ 0 .6 5 ; 2 at $ 0 .6 5 to $ 0 .7 0 ; and 6 at $ 0 .7 0 to $ 0 .7 5 . $ 0 .6 5 and 16 at $ 0 .7 0 to $ 0 .7 5 . Table 9. Wage Distribution: Women Counter Attendants (Distribution of women counter attendants in eating and drinking places by average straight-time hourly wages, 1 21 selected areas,2 June 1961) N orth ea st A v e ra g e h o u r ly w ages 1 B oston New Y o r k C ity South P h ila d elphia P it t s burgh A tlanta B a ltim o re U nder $ 0 . 5 0 ______ _______________ - - - - - - $ 0 .5 0 $ 0 .5 5 $ 0. 60 $ 0 .6 5 $ 0 .7 0 and and and and and un d er u n d er u n d er u n d er un d er $ 0. 5 5 ____________ $ 0 . 6 0 ______ ______ $ 0. 6 5 ____________ $ 0 . 7 0 ____ ______ $ 0 . 7 5 ____________ _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 _ _ _ - - - $ 0. 75 $ 0. 80 $ 0 .8 5 $ 0 .9 0 $ 0 .9 5 and and and and and un d er un d er u nd er un d er un d er $ 0. $ 0. $ 0. $ 0. $ 1. 8 0 ____________ 85 _ ________ 9 0 ____________ 95 ____________ 00 _ _____ ___ _ - _ _ _ 273 45 _ _ 46 9 5 $ $ $ $ $ 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 00 05 10 15 20 and and and and and u n d er u nd er un d er u nd er un d er $ $ $ $ $ 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 05 __ ___ 10 ____________ ___ 15 _ 2 0 ____________ 25 _ _______ _ 68 _ 28 61 305 155 250 104 63 25 3 4 $ $ $ $ $ 1. 25 1. 30 1. 35 1. 40 1 .4 5 and and and and and u nd er u n d er u n d er un d er un d er $ $ $ $ $ 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 3 0 ____________ 3 5 ____________ 4 0 ______ ______ 4 5 ____________ 5 0 ___________ $ 1. 50 $ 1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1. 80 $ 1 . 90 and and and and and u n d er u n d er u n d er un d er un d er $ 1. $ 1. $ 1. $ 1. $ 2. 11 49 157 193 188 110 37 77 8 121 62 8 33 50 12 18 9 18 _ 47 _ 20 60 13 9 _ 9 _ 12 6 _ 38 42 H ouston _ _ _ 9 24 45 98 13 9 9 36 16 2 14 3 52 44 43 3 4 35 61 10 2 18 6 10 10 2 2 _ _ _ _ 12 - - - 18 7 17 _ _ _ _ _ 14 84 70 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - _ _ 44 37 - 173 83 7 4 _ 12 - - - 4 _ 19 208 _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ - 30 - _ _ - - - $ 2 . 00 and o v e r _____________________ _ 50 _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 _ _ _ _ - - - . . _________ 797 951 1, 300 153 217 382 331 254 A v e ra g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 ____________ $ 1 . 18 $ 1.46 $ 1 .0 4 $ 1 .0 7 $ 0 .8 1 $ 1 . 16 $ 0 .8 3 $ 0 .8 1 _ - 8 4 8 20 20 60 4 18 4 16 148 114 4 2 - - 25 4 _ _ 22 W ash ington, D. C . 1 13 15 4 11 _ 43 75 _ _ M iam i 8 2 16 12 See footnotes at end of table. M em phis 11 1 15 6 0 ____________ 7 0 ____________ 8 0 ____________ 9 0 ____ ______ 0 0 ____________ T o ta l e m p l o y e e s __ D alla s _ - - - 57 235 394 $ 0 .7 9 $ 0 .9 3 $ 1 .2 3 Table 9. Wage Distribution: Women Counter Attendants— -Continued 21 selected areas, 2 June 1961) (D is trib u tio n o f w om en co u n te r attendants in eating and drin kin g p la c e s by a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-t im e h o u r ly w ages. N orth C e n tra l W est A v e ra g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 C h icago C incinnati C le v e la n d D e tr o it Indian ap olis K ansas C ity St. L o u is L os A n g e le s L on g B ea ch P ortla n d San F r a n c is c o — Oakland - - - - - - - - - - $ 0 .5 0 $ 0 .5 5 $ 0 . 60 $ 0 . 65 $ 0 .7 0 and and and and and u nd er u nd er u nd er u n d er un d er $ 0. 5 5 _____________ $ 0 . 6 0 _____________ $ 0 . 6 5 _____________ $ 0 . 7 0 _____________ $ 0 . 7 5 _____________ 300 _ - _ - _ - _ - - _ - _ - _ - - _ _ 4 - _ - _ " $ 0 .7 5 $ 0 .8 0 $ 0 .8 5 $ 0 .9 0 $ 0. 95 and and and and and un d er u nd er un d er u nd er u nd er $ 0 . 8 0 ____________ $ 0. 8 5 _____________ $ 0 . 9 0 _____________ $ 0 . 9 5 _____________ $ 1. 0 0 _____________ 6 6 8 8 _ 5 23 9 3 34 8 12 2 22 _ 30 - 18 _ - 8 - 2 2 21 _ - $ $ $ $ $ 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 00 05 10 15 20 and and and and and u nd er u n d er u nd er under u nd er $ $ $ $ $ 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 0 5 _____________ 1 0 _____________ 1 5 _______ ___ 2 0 _____________ 2 5 _____________ 76 56 78 52 18 22 56 37 3 9 12 2 109 4 36 129 29 5 7 47 2 - 3 - 9 - 20 20 $ $ $ $ $ 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 25 30 35 40 45 and and and and and u n d er un d er u nd er u n d er u n d er $ $ $ $ $ 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 3 0 ____________ 3 5 _____________ 4 0 ____________ 4 5 _____________ 5 0 _____________ 133 4 2 16 10 2 2 - 28 _ 2 1 1 - 62 8 - 18 - 14 - 8 2 - - - 1 - - $ $ $ $ $ 1. 50 1 . 60 1. 70 1 . 80 and and and and 1 . 9 0 and un d er un d er u n d er u n d er un d er $ 1. 6 0 ____________ $ 1 . 7 0 _____________ $ 1. 8 0 ____________ $ 1 . 9 0 _______ ___ $ 2 . 0 0 __________ _ 212 2 2 2 _ _ 1 - 39 33 - - 113 45 “ _ - 20 - 28 _ _ _ 9 _ 5 U nder $ 0 . 50 _________________________ $ 2 . 00 and o v e r _____________________ - 13 4 8 2 _ " _ _ - - - - _ _ _ _ 33 - 10 32 45 19 88 6 16 _ - " _ 21 129 _ 122 16 1 " - 57 76 36 6 126 11 29 49 - _ 5 - _ 8 14 - 21 5 ___ 971 112 182 111 287 102 377 945 67 195 A v e ra g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 ______ ______ $ 1.0 2 $ 1 . 10 $ 1 .0 5 $ 0 .9 8 $ 1.0 6 $ 1.0 2 $ 1 . 16 $ 1 . 18 $ 1. 34 $ 1 .7 2 T o ta l e m p lo y e e s ________ 1 W age data e x c lu d e tip s and the value o f f r e e m e a ls , r o o m s , and u n ifo rm s , if any w e r e p r o v id e d , and p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on w eek en d s, h olid a y s, and late s h ifts . 2 D ata f o r B u ffa lo , D e n v e r, M ilw aukee, M in n eapolis—St. P aul, New O rle a n s , and N ew ark and J e r s e y C ity did not m e e t p u b lica tion c r it e r i a . Table 10. Wage Distribution: PantryjKomen (Distribution of pantrywomen in eating and drinking places by average straight-time hourly wages, 1 27 selected areas, June 19611 N orth ea st A v e r a g e h o u r ly w ages 1 B oston — U nder $ 0 . 5 0 ____ _ - $ 0 . 50 $ 0 . 55 $ 0 . 60 $ 0. 65 $ 0 .7 0 and and and and and u nd er und er und er un d er un d er $ 0 . 5 5 ___________ $ 0 . 6 0 ___________ $ 0 . 6 5 ___________ $ 0 . 7 0 ___________ $ 0 . 7 5 ___________ $ 0 .7 5 $ 0 . 80 $ 0 . 85 $ 0 . 90 $ 0 . 95 and and and and and und er un d er u nd er und er u n d er $ 0. $ 0. $ 0. $ 0. $ 1. 8 0 ___________ 8 5 ___________ 9 0 -----------------9 5 -----------------0 0 ___________ _ " $ 1 . 00 $ 1. 05 $ 1.10 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1.2 0 and and and and and un d er u nd er u nd er u nd er un d er $ $ $ $ $ 0 5 ___________ 1 0 ___________ 1 5 ___________ 2 0 ___________ 2 5 ___________ 8 $ 1 .2 5 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and un d er u nd er und er under u nd er $ 1 . 3 0 ___________ $ 1 . 3 5 ___________ $ 1 . 4 0 ___________ $ 1 . 4 5 ___________ $ 1 . 5 0 ___________ $ 1 .5 0 $ 1.6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 and and and and and un d er under und er und er und er $1. $1. $1. $1. $2. 6 0 ___________ 7 0 ___________ 8 0 ___________ 9 0 -----------------0 0 ___________ $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2. 30 $ 2. 40 and and and and and u nd er und er under u nd er over $2. $2. $2. $2. 1 0 ___________ 2 0 ___________ 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 3 0 ___________ 4 0 ___________ - 32 38 38 7 17 8 20 17 11 40 _ 17 16 _ - B u ffalo 3 7 10 34 4 New Y o rk City - - _ - _ - _ _ 12 19 47 30 3 - 169 2 2 6 39 38 54 14 3 _ _ 22 - 1 _ _ _ - South N ew ark and Jersey C ity 68 18 14 4 2 83 1 - _ _ 5 3 6 _ 4 9 _ 5 _ 4 2 _ _ - P h ila d elphia P itts bu rgh A tlanta B a lt im o r e D allas H ouston M em phis M ia m i New O rlean s W ash ington, D. C. - - 2 - - - 10 - 24 23 1 - _ - 6 1 22 2 _ 7 10 15 39 9 _ _ _ _ 2 _ _ - 8 - 5 - _ 6 . 3 26 4 - 5 _ _ _ 8 36 96 - _ 2 - - 50 1 2 1 25 24 30 4 2 5 3 16 - 27 53 14 7 - 22 4 14 15 5 20 6 - 34 _ 23 - 4 26 57 70 35 11 10 26 19 _ _ 3 _ _ 19 _ 1 1 41 3 151 14 32 14 17 8 20 8 _ 9 - 11 _ _ _ _ 6 - 3 7 10 _ 37 7 2 7 4 5 1 1 2 5 _ 3 14 - 5 - - 2 20 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ - - 11 1 20 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - 1 7 8 _ _ _ _ _ 4 7 - _ _ 31 _ 4 4 _ _ _ 16 69 24 - 8 _ _ - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 1 _ _ _ _ .. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 26 1 2 _ _ _ _ _ 42 30 62 25 8 _ _ 20 4 - _ _ _ _ _ - 4 _ _ _ - 16 _ 2 _ T o ta l e m p lo y e e s _____________ 269 88 621 38 427 171 252 100 108 153 83 119 105 474 A v e ra g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 ___________ $1 . 36 $1. 25 $ 1 .4 3 $ 1 . 53 $1 . 27 $ 1 . 31 $ 0 . 80 $ 0 . 93 $ 1 . 01 $ 0 . 81 $ 0 . 71 $ 1 . 12 $ 0 ; 69 $ 1 .0 8 S ee fo o tn o te at end o f table. to -a Table 10. W age Distribution: Pantrywomen— Continued (Distribution of pantrywomen in eating and drinking places by average straight-time hourly wages, 1 27 selected areas, June 1961) W est N orth C en tral A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 C h icago C incinnati C levelan d D e tro it Indianapolis K ansas City M ilw aukee M in n e a p o lis — St. P aul St. L ou is D enver L os San A n g e le s P o rtla n d F r a n c i s c o Long B ea ch Oak land U nder $ 0 . 5 0 ________________________ - - - - - - - - - - - - - $ 0. 50 $ 0 .5 5 $ 0 . 60 $ 0 . 65 $ 0 . 70 and and and and and u n d er u n d er u n d er un d er u nd er $ 0. $ 0. $0. $0. $0. 5 5 ____________ 6 0 -----------------6 5 -----------------7 0 ____________ 7 5 ------------------ _ - _ - _ - _ ~ _ - 2 _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - _ - - $0. $0. $0. $ 0. $ 0. 75 80 85 90 95 and and and and and u nd er u nd er u nd er u nd er un d er $ 0 . 8 0 ____________ $ 0 . 8 5 ____________ $ 0 . 9 0 -----------------$ 0. 9 5 -----------------$ 1 . 0 0 ------------------ _ _ - _ - _ - - _ 12 _ - _ - - 2 _ - - $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1.10 $ 1 .1 5 $ 1 .2 0 and and and and and u nd er u nd er unde r u nd er u nd er $ 1 . 0 5 ____________ $ 1 . 1 0 ____________ $ 1 . 1 5 ____________ $ 1 . 2 0 ____________ $ 1 . 2 5 ------------------ 12 8 10 - _ 4 7 _ - _ - $ 1 .2 5 $ 1. 30 $ 1 .3 5 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 and and and and and un d er un d er un d er u n d er u n d er $ 1 . 3 0 ____________ $ 1. 3 5 -----------------$ 1 . 4 0 ____________ $ 1 . 4 5 ____________ $ 1 . 5 0 ____________ 149 43 139 _ 4 - 4 4 5 " $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1.9 0 and and and and and u n d er u nd er u n d er u n d er u nd er $ 1 . 6 0 ____________ $ 1 . 7 0 ____________ $ 1 . 8 0 ____________ $ 1 . 9 0 -----------------$ 2 . 0 0 ____________ 63 23 25 5 - 16 - 20 2 38 - 9 25 - $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2. 40 and and and and and u n d er $ 2 . 1 0 ____________ un d er $ 2 . 2 0 ____________ un d er $ 2 . 3 0 ____________ u n d er $ 2 . 4 0 ____________ o v e r ____________________ 2 2 - 2 2 _ 3 75 15 98 46 8 2 6 39 43 _ 3 60 25 2 2 6 8 105 11 18 9 7 27 6 _ 1 16 - 22 39 9 20 27 13 12 _ 47 - 6 4 18 12 2 6 4 15 21 13 5 - 2 55 3 30 3 ~ 17 28 124 15 43 23 - 7 - 30 14 3 - 6 6 1 6 10 22 7 4 19 13 16 14 17 18 3 7 1 7 _ _ - 3 - - 6 25 5 18 19 3 _ 2 1 20 20 18 45 1 32 1 12 1 1 11 33 - 46 42 18 8 2 20 - 3 - 9 - 42 - 10 10 20 - 13 14 88 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 _ - - - - - - - - - - 12 - 9 - - 18 - - - - - - 18 - 1 3 14 6 20 1 53 - T o ta l e m p l o y e e s _____________ 7 60 159 375 382 96 185 13b 139 232 92 248 49 98 A v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 ----------------- $1. 30 $ 1 . 21 $1. 19 $1 . 31 $ 0 . 99 $1 . 05 $ 1 . 29 $ 1 . 37 $ 1 . 33 $ 1 .4 0 $1 . 83 $ 1 . 58 $ 2 . 02 1 d a y s, if any w e r e p r o v id e d , and p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w o rk on w eek en ds, h o liW age data e x c lu d e tip s and the value o f fr e e m e a ls , r o o m s , and u n ifo rm s, and la te s h ifts . Table 11. Wages and Tips: Waiters and Waitresses (D is trib u tio n o f w a ite r s and w a it r e s s e s by e s ta b lis h m e n t a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u r ly w a g e s , 1 and e s tim a te d a v e r a g e h o u r ly tip s in eating and drinking p la c e s , in m e tro p o lita n a r e a s o f 750, 000 o r m o r e p op u lation , U nited States and r e g io n s , June 1961) E stim a te d a v e r a g e h o u r ly tips o f E s ta b lis h m e n t a v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 $ 0 . 01 ^ 0 . 25 and and No tips under under $0. 25 $ 0 . 50 T otal $ 0 . 50 and under $ 0 .7 5 $ 0 . 75 and under $ 1 . 00 $ 1.0 0 and under $ 1 . 25 E s tim a te d a v e r a g e h ou r ly tips o f— $ 1 . 25 and over Not a v a ila b le T o ta l $ 0. 01 and No tips under $ 0 . 25 $ 0 . 25 and under $ 0 . 50 U nited States U nder $ 0 . 3 0 _________________ $ 0 . 30 and under $ 0 . 4 0 ____ $ 0. 40 and under $ 0. 5 0 _____ . 5 ,2 0 6 4, 204 3, 934 66 - - 28 120 164 411 394 1,0 7 6 1,549 1 ,1 3 4 1 ,2 2 7 585 672 1 ,3 2 0 644 420 1 ,3 8 7 909 839 32 40 447 _ _ _ 890 - - - 944 809 952 881 1 ,4 3 2 1 , 186 1,9 6 8 2, 115 846 953 1 ,9 6 6 2 , 896 2, 693 1, 259 603 4, 096 3, 541 3, 794 1 ,7 8 0 1 ,4 7 3 4, 128 6 , 251 9 ,9 0 1 3, 130 6 , 733 590 864 2, 093 2, 164 382 4 ,5 9 9 7 ,7 6 0 1 2 ,4 7 3 3, 132 6 , 516 _ _ _ _ 160 144 380 26 _ _ 57 168 70 1,9 3 2 819 286 360 294 875 2, 234 2, 342 254 - 3, 372 1 , 16 1 134 204 250 5 ,7 0 4 4, 161 2 ,4 5 6 730 - 700 672 240 - 4, 223 1 ,3 9 6 1 ,411 476 840 304 172 270 170 770 54 - - _ 380 757 108 700 804 265 224 556 770 1 ,5 0 9 474 - 1,6 4 4 2 ,9 6 4 2, 670 1,017 459 2, 131 3, 085 6 , 093 546 4, 846 442 134 45 12 89 0 112 170 490 897 234 - 604 144 _ _ 1 ,879 305 185 _ 319 _ _ _ - - - _ _ 6 0 _____ 7 0 ____ 8 0 ____ 9 0 ____ 0 0 ____ 1 3 ,030 1 7,306 2 1,885 10,406 11,781 _ 479 72 118 83 $ 1.0 0 $ 1.10 $ 1.2 0 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 0 and and and and and under under under under u nd er $ 1 . 1 0 _____ $ 1 . 2 0 ____ $ 1 . 3 0 ____ $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 . 5 0 ____ 13, 760 10, 685 6 ,7 5 6 1,892 1 ,6 8 0 304 895 346 170 1, 136 340 249 97 - 533 494 855 72 " - 173 54 72 - $ 1 .5 0 and o v e r _____________ 7, 800 2, 766 135 280 452 542 1 ,0 3 0 2, 357 238 786 651 135 _ T ota l e m p l o y e e s _____ 130 ,325 6 ,4 3 5 2, 184 8, 221 14 ,9 7 0 1 8 ,1 4 8 2 3 ,2 1 9 4 8 ,6 8 6 8 ,4 6 2 4 4 ,5 5 6 2, 363 587 1 ,9 7 2 _ . _ South U nder $ 0 . 3 0 _________________ $ 0 . 30 and u nd er $ 0 . 4 0 ____ $ 0 . 40 and under $ 0 . 5 0 ____ 5, 152 4, 138 2, 634 $ 0 .5 0 $ 0 . 60 $ 0 . 70 $ 0 . 80 $ 0 . 90 and and and and and under under under under under $ 0 . 6 0 _____ $ 0 . 70 _ _ $ 0 . 80 $ 0 . 9 0 ____ $ 1 . 0 0 ____ 4, 181 3 ,4 5 7 809 355 437 $ 1.0 0 $ 1.10 $ 1.2 0 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 0 and and and and and under under under under under $ 1 . 1 0 ____ $ 1 . 2 0 ____ $ 1 . 3 0 ____ $ 1 . 4 0 _____ $ 1 . 5 0 ____ _ _ 440 72 64 . 1 ,076 1,5 4 9 798 1, 173 585 498 1 ,3 2 0 644 420 1 ,3 8 7 909 204 32 40 312 541 459 89 545 267 340 136 108 - - - - - - 792 38 14 84 - 1, 366 1, 468 123 " 681 256 107 207 130 276 31 120 421 64 - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 187 187 48 - - - - - - _ 3 - 35 - - _ 86 6 - 6 - - - - _ _ - - - - - - - - - $ 1 .5 0 and o v e r _____________ 98 14 _ _ 84 _ _ _ _ T o ta l e m p l o y e e s _____ 21, 540 825 642 2, 330 4, 596 3 ,4 4 3 See fo o tn o te at end o f table. 220 _ 5 _ 70 _ 3 ,4 0 2 _ 5, 328 _ - . 97 96 0 _ 9, 502 1 9,450 1 ,9 5 2 135 N orth C en tral 164 411 374 28 Not a v ailable _ $0. $0. $0. $ 0. $ 1. 10 2 $1. 25 and over 54 _ 174 under under under under under 122 $ 1 . 00 and under $ 1 . 25 _ 336 and and and and and 498 265 228 $ 0 .7 5 and under $ 1.0 0 N orth ea st 50 60 70 80 90 $0. $0. $0. $0. $ 0. $ 0 . 50 and under $ 0 . 75 3, 312 5 ,7 3 3 659 _ 66 66 _ _ _ _ _ 410 - - 20 - - - _ 255 103 409 330 454 509 537 809 865 1 ,8 5 9 1,2 2 2 622 452 135 665 555 1 ,6 6 0 539 1,0 8 8 510 774 3, 233 1,9 0 3 601 454 659 1, 133 1 ,7 2 2 217 114 87 316 870 64 81 381 280 240 - 932 55 19 42 - - - . _ 2, 590 4, 203 4, 250 6 ,0 8 9 7 ,6 2 8 5 ,7 9 4 2 , 801 3, 200 1, 123 387 144 - _ _ 39 77 _ _ 54 - 34 _ 56 28 _ - 185 137 3 2 ,0 7 7 380 10 295 127 _ 36 - _ 579 521 225 19 _ _ _ _ 631 1,6 9 8 66 - . 4, 680 48 4 ,9 7 4 9 ,4 0 2 5 ,2 6 9 Table 11. Wages and Tips: Waiters and Waitresses— Continued (Distribution of waiters and waitresses by establishment average straight-time hourly wages, 1 and estimated average hourly tips in eating and drinking places, in metropolitan areas of 750,000 or more population, United States and regions, June 1961) E stim a te d a v e r a g e h o u rly tips of— E sta b lis h m e n t a v e r a g e h o u r ly w a g e s 1 T otal No tips $ 0 . 01 and under $ 0 . 25 $ 0 . 25 and under $ 0 .5 0 $ 0 . 50 and under $0 . 75 $ 0 . 75 and under $ 1 . 00 $ 1 .0 0 and under $1. 25 $ 1 . 25 and over Not a vailable W est U nder $ 0 . 30 ________________ $ 0. 30 and und er $ 0. 4 0 ------$ 0. 40 and u n d er $ 0 . 5 0 _____ . . - - _ _ _ _ _ - - - 22 169 240 452 681 1 ,0 1 0 - _ 96 782 - no 764 262 318 224 591 1 ,7 4 4 1 ,4 1 0 20 - 2, 681 701 134 204 250 2 ,9 5 5 3, 792 2, 190 664 - 392 _ _ 280 368 542 1 ,0 3 0 2, 357 190 376 1 ,3 2 9 2, 769 4, 697 5, 431 14,101 582 $ 1 .0 0 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 0 and and and and and u nd er und er u nd er u nd er un d er $ 1 . 1 0 _____ $ 1 . 2 0 _____ $ 1 . 3 0 _____ $ 1 .4 0 _____ $ 1 . 5 0 _____ 6, 337 7 ,9 7 9 4, 872 1,266 840 _ 480 366 _ 10 94 60 - 6, 731 1 ,9 6 4 3 2 ,1 5 2 2, 867 e x c lu d e tip s and the value o f fr e e m e a ls , - 222 120 48 144 26 42 W age data and late s h ifts . - - 129 594 57 1 _ - 975 1, 125 2, 027 days, . - - $ 0 . 6 0 _____ $ 0 . 7 0 ------$ 0 . 8 0 ------$ 0 . 9 0 _____ $ 1 . 0 0 _____ T ota l e m p lo y e e s ---------- _ - - un d er un d er un d er u n d er un d er $ 1 .5 0 and o v e r _____________ _ - _ and and and and and - _ - 135 36 $ 0 . 50 $ 0. 60 $ 0 . 70 $ 0 . 80 $ 0 .9 0 - _ - - room s, - _ - - and u n ifo rm s , if any w e r e p r o v id e d , and p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r tim e and fo r w ork on w eek en ds, h o li Table 12. Scheduled Weekly Hours (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places by scheduled weekly hours1 of day-shift employees, 27 selected areas, June 1961) N orth ea st Item B oston B uffalo New Y o rk City N ew ark and Jersey City South P h ila d elphia P itts bu rgh Atlanta B a ltim o re D allas H ouston M em p h is M ia m i New O rlean s W ash ington, D. C. 100 100 N o n s u p e r v is o ry , e x c e p t o ffic e ,, e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p l o y e e s ______________________ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 U nder 37V2 h o u r s _________________ 37V2 h o u r s ___ __ ____ ___._____ ___ 3 7 V2 and under 40 h o u r s ___________ 40 h ou r s - _______________ ____ _______ 40 and under 44 h o u rs ____________ 44 h ou rs 44 and under 48 h o u rs ____________ 48 h ou rs ------------------------------------------O ver 48 h o u r s ______________________ 18 19 4 2 6 50 1 13 12 1 64 9 1 70 2 _ 46 2 2 41 6 2 3 69 _ _ 12 12 2 12 2 2 64 2 2 3 13 3 8 4 _ 7 45 32 15 _ 20 7 8 7 5 48 25 4 5 6 _ 4 62 18 3 _ _ 7 5 _ 4 _ 14 3 _ _ 59 20 100 - - 2 3 1 13 3 - 8 " - _ 10 48 6 ( 2) 80 5 _ 3 11 ( 2) 16 61 8 5 _ _ 21 4 _ 6 60 5 O ffic e e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p l o y e e s ________ ___________ U nder 37V2 h o u r s __________________ 3 7 V2 h o u r s --------------------------------------3 7 V2 and under 40 h o u r s ___________ 40 h o u r s __ ____________________ _____ 40 and under 44 h o u rs ____________ 44 h o u r s _____________________________ 44 and under 48 h o u r s _____________ 48 h o u r s ______ ________ ________ _ O ver 48 h o u r s ______________________ See fo o tn o te s at end o f table. 100 100 100 100 100 100 8 44 19 26 2 5 91 3 35 8 _ 55 26 19 _ 55 4 54 1 _ 45 _ - 29 14 2 55 _ 2 - - - - - - - 1 - - 2 2 2 ( 2) - - - 100 100 100 17 _ 28 _ 35 19 5 29 _ 55 _ 5 7 6 12 _ 52 _ _ 4 2 11 15 9 _ 38 16 11 8 18 100 100 100 100 11 7 17 2 19 3 11 15 _ _ 21 _ 18 6 39 4 _ _ 93 _ 2 _ - _ 84 _ _ 5 38 2 1 Table 12. Scheduled Weekly Hours— Continued (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places by scheduled weekly hours1 of day-shift employees, 27 selected areas, June 1961) N orth C en tral Item C h icago Cincinnati C leveland D e tro it Indianap olis W est K ansas City M ilw aukee M in n e a p o lis — St. P aul St. L ou is L os D enver A n g e le s Long B ea ch P ortlan d San F r a n c is c o — Oakland N o n s u p e r v is o ry , e x ce p t o ffic e , e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p l o y e e s ______________________ U nder 3 7 l/2 h o u rs ______ ______ 37V2 h o u r s ____ ___________ _____ 3 7 V2 and under 40 h o u rs __________ 40 h o u r s ____ ________ ______ ______ 40 and under 44 h o u r s _____________ 44 h ou rs _ 44 and under 48 h o u r s --------------------48 hour s _______________ ____________ O ver 48 h o u r s ________ ____________ 100 2 _ 29 ( 2) 1 58 10 100 7 _ 59 2 ( 2) 31 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 5 _ 2 36 4 2 2 46 3 3 _ 46 2 2 41 6 2 _ 16 9 7 60 6 3 _ 34 2 57 4 18 _ 52 _ 4 4 23 “ 1 _ 2 58 1 2 36 6 _ 72 2 1 14 5 2 _ 20 75 3 7 27 2 37 28 3 _ 85 1 10 - 5 68 24 3 - 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 7 93 - 4 - 10 27 1 36 17 4 5 21 79 - 12 10 11 67 - O ffic e e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p lo y e e s ________ 100 100 100 U nder 37 1/2 h o u rs --------------------------37V2 h o u r s ______ __ _______________ 3 7 V2 and under 40 h o u r s ___________ 40 h ou rs __________________________ ___ 40 and under 44 h o u rs _________ __ 44 h our s ____ _______________ _______ 44 and under 48 h o u rs _____________ 48 h our s __ ___ ________ __ __ __ ______ O ver 48 h o u rs _____________________ 10 25 28 30 5 56 35 - 1 40 49 1 - 2 8 1 2 3 4 2 1 5 2 _ 76 2 9 _ 14 Data r e la te to the p re d o m in a n t w o rk sch edu le in each esta b lish m en t. L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . 23 p e r c e n t o f the e m p lo y e e s had w o rk sch e d u le s o f 35 h ou rs a w eek. 37 p e r c e n t o f the e m p lo y e e s had w o rk sch e d u le s o f 35 h ou rs a w eek. NOTE: ___________ B e c a u s e o f rounding, sum s o f individual ite m s m ay not equal totals. 58 18 _ 4 20 3 3 _ 86 9 _ - 100 70 30 - 66 11 23 66 5 25 2 Table 13. Overtime Premium Pay (Percent of nonsupervisory, except office, employees in eating and drinking places with provisions for daily or weekly overtime by rate of pay and hours after which effective, 27 selected areas, June 1961) South N orth ea st Item B o sto n B uffalo N ew Y o rk City N ew ark and Jersey Citv P h ila d elphia P it t s bu rgh Atlanta B a ltim o re D allas H ouston M em phis M ia m i New O rleans W ash ington, D. C. W eekly o v e r tim e A ll e m p lo y e e s _______________________ E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g o v e r t im e p a y ---------------S tr a ig h t-tim e pay ----------------------T im e and o n e -h a lf ____________ — E ffe c tiv e a ft e r : 30 h o u r s _________________ _ 3 5 h ou r s ______________ ____ 3 7 V2 h o u r s -----------------------40 h o u r s _________ _______ — 42 h our s ___ ___ _______ _ 44 h o u r s ---------------------------45 h ou r s _______________ 46 h o u r s __________________ 48 h o u r s ---------------------------51 h o u r s ________ - _________ 54 h o u r s __________________ E qual tim e o f f ---------------------------O ther p r e m iu m r a t e ____________ E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g no o v e r t im e pay ______ E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts having no f o r m a l p o lic y fo r o v e r t im e pay ______________________ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 90 51 37 90 16 75 76 9 64 72 7 62 86 17 67 80 24 53 69 62 6 68 41 21 83 76 4 77 71 6 100 89 11 95 76 20 64 61 2 57 22 33 _ 17 1 2 17 1 - _ 73 2 - 6 (l ) 54 2 2 1 1 3 35 22 4 3 - _ 58 1 5 3 2 48 1 3 3 3 6 - 14 8 6 - 2 2 2 - 2 4 - 2 9 (*) - 12 8 - 1 1 - 16 14 3 1 - - - 3 8 - 2 6 7 - 7 - 1 10 10 21 19 14 18 26 25 17 16 “ 3 36 42 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 84 73 71 11 60 69 24 44 38 20 16 61 27 34 78 58 15 61 57 4 66 51 9 83 78 100 95 95 - 64 64 - 35 - 38 _ _ 4 - 9 - (M - - 30 _ - 60 - 2 14 (l ) 2 D aily o v e r t im e A ll e m p l o y e e s _________________ ___ — E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g o v e r t im e p a y ---------------S tr a ig h t-tim e pay ------------ ---------T im e and o n e -h a lf _______ _______ E ffe c tiv e a ft e r : 7 h o u r s ________________ 7V 2 h o u r s _________________ 8 h o u r s ________ _ 8 V2 h o u r s __ _____ __ 9 h o u r s ________ _ ______ E qual tim e o f f ___________________ O ther p r e m iu m r a t e ----------- ----E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g no o v e r t im e pay ---------E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts having no f o r m a l p o l ic y fo r o v e r t im e p a y ______________ — ___ S ee fo o tn o te at end o f table. 11 - 11 6 - - 10 22 - - 1 1 4 3 - 15 5 - - 3 20 1 2 29 28 41 38 20 11 2 2 68 68 (*) 92 8 (l ) - - 21 6 2 2 - - (1 ) - 8 7 - 13 - 1 - 3 31 27 17 19 ” 3 36 40 - - 57 8 - 2 3 1 - Table 13. Overtime Premium Pay— Continued (Percent of nonsupervisory, except office, employees in eating and drinking places with provisions for daily or weekly overtime by rate of pay and hours after which effective, 27 selected areas, June 1961) N orth C en tral Item C h icago C incinnati C leveland D e tro it Indianap olis W est K ansas M ilw aukee City M in ne a p o lis — St. P aul St. L o u is D enver L os A n g e le s Long B ea ch P ortla n d San F r a n c is c o — Oakland W eekly o v e r tim e A l l e m p l o y e e s -----------------— ------------E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g o v e r t im e p a y ---------------S tr a ig h t-tim e p a y -------------- _______ T im e and o n e - h a l f -------------- ______ E ffe c tiv e a ft e r : 30 hour s — 35 h o u r s ---------------------------37l/2 h o u r s — —-----------------40 h o u r s ---------------------------42 h o u r s ----------------------------44 h o u r s ----------------------------45 h o u r s ----------------------------46 h o u r s ------ —-------------------48 h o u r s ---------------------------51 h ou r s ------ ------ --------- -----54 h o u r s ----------------------------E qual tim e o f f ----------------------------O th er p r e m iu m r a t e -----------------E m p lo y e e s in e sta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g n o o v e r t im e p a y -----------E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts having n o f o r m a l p o l ic y f o r o v e r t im e p a y ------------------------—-------- 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 91 49 34 95 21 72 93 59 35 87 40 43 70 51 15 90 40 47 37 15 21 100 41 59 92 28 64 100 24 75 92 19 73 94 30 94 94 _ 20 _ 10 4 7 _ 67 _ 5 3 - (l ) _ 29 1 4 - _ 27 . _ 17 . 4 - 8 7 _ _ 4 _ 36 . 10 _ _ 3 _ 12 6 3 _ - 54 _ 5 _ - 59 2 2 _ - 7 64 3 2 - 1 30 1 2 38 _ - 25 5 _ _ 264 68 21 _ 4 _ - 2 1 4 (M - 6 4 - - - 2 6 1 7 4 3 13 30 4 60 “ 8 " 6 ■ 5 D aily o v e r tim e A ll e m p l o y e e s ------------------------- --------E m p lo y e e s in e sta b lis h m e n ts o r o v id in g o v e r t im e p a y ---------------S tr a ig h t-tim e p a y -------------- --------T im e and o n e - h a l f ---------------------E ffe c tiv e a ft e r : 7 h o u r s -----------------------------7 V2 h o u r s -------------------------8 h o u r s --------------------- --------8 V2 h o u r s -------------------------V h our s E qual tim e o f f ----------------------------O ther p r e m iu m r a t e -----------------E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p rov id in g n o o v e r t im e pay —------E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts having no f o r m a l p o l ic y f o r o v e r t im e p a y ---------------------------------1 2 3 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 89 51 32 95 27 65 93 73 20 87 48 35 65 49 12 90 45 42 32 15 17 100 54 46 90 34 56 100 24 75 92 19 73 93 28 90 90 _ 30 - 1 19 _ - _ 33 - _ 14 _ 46 56 3 70 28 - - - 3 3 - - _ 72 3 - 4 - _ 12 4 _ 42 5 _ 65 3 - 2 1 4 (M - 6 4 - 9 4 3 13 35 4 64 2 2 - - 3 64 67 23 - - - 2 6 1 10 “ 6 2 9 - - 2 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . V ir tu a lly a ll e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e d tim e and o n e -h a lf their r e g u la r rate on the sixth c o n s e c u tiv e day w o rk e d and d ou b le tim e on the seventh. V ir tu a lly a ll e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e d tim e and o n e -h a lf their r e g u la r rate a fte r 8 h o u rs and double tim e a fte r 10 h o u r s . NOTE: 100 B e c a u s e o f rou n d in g, sum s o f individual ite m s m ay not equal totals. - - Table 14. Paid Holidays (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places with formal provisions for paid holidays, 27 selected areas, June 1961) N orth ea st Item B o sto n B u ffalo N ew Y o rk C ity South N ew ark and Jersey C itv P h ila d elp h ia P itts bu rgh A tlanta B a ltim o r e D alla s H ouston M em ph is M ia m i New O rlean s W ash ington, D. C. N o n s u p e r v is o ry , e x c e p t o f fi c e , e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p lo y e e s —------- --------------. . . . . . . E m p lo y e e s in e sta b lish m e n ts p r o v id in g p a id h o lid a y s ------------ — y 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 65 75 87 66 73 54 49 59 56 52 72 28 13 (M 13 10 9 16 31 39 24 51 1 9 4 20 1 1 9 7 1 7 7 (f ) 5 6 1 10 3 2 2 4 d a ys p lu s 1, 3, o r 4 h alf days — 2 1 11 2 2 6 2 4 6 49 12 11 34 19 3 6 2 3 7 39 10 4 2 5 6 25 7 1 3 1 2 13 34 27 46 7 6 days plu s 2 h a lf days -------------7 days ------------------------------------------7 days plu s 2 h a lf days -------------8 days . . . . . . . ________________ _____ M o r e than 8 days ---------------------- 2 8 E m p lo y e e s in e sta b lish m e n ts p r o v id in g no p aid h o lid a ys ----------- 35 25 10 0 35 53 78 13 41 39 3 4 5 6 2 4 6 9 3 4 2 6 2 6 7 9 5 days p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s ------- 10 0 2 11 5 1 2 3 4 6 (l’ ) 1 2 2 6 15 3 51 41 1 6 2 44 48 28 65 47 22 O ffic e e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p lo y e e s —— — . . . __________—_ E m p lo y e e s in e sta b lish m e n ts p r o v id in g pa id h o lid a y s --- -- -----1 day - _. _ _ ____ ._ 1 day plu s 6 h a lf days --------------2 days ------------------------------------------3 d a y s _ ------4 days ___ __ ___________ __ 4 days p lu s 3 h a lf d a y s -------------5 days __ __ — 5 days p lu s 1 o r 2 h alf days — — 6 days - ___ 6 d ays p lu s 1 o r 2 h alf days 7 d ays ----7 d ays p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf days — — 8 d ays — E m p lo y e e s in e sta b lish m e n ts p r o v id in g no p a id h o lid a y s — — . See footnotes at end of table. 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 99 7 3 4 5 - 10 0 94 93 - 85 _ _ 65 24 89 3 60 20 86 8 34 3 60 _ - 80 3 . . _ _ _ 45 . _ 86 2 80 35 96 9 2 4 . 24 _ 5 _ 13 3 11 2 8 - 5 1 2 66 1 98 10 1 43 7 - 16 12 13 _ 32 35 . 5 _ ■ 6 7 1 1 3 - _ 11 _ 6 12 45 _ _ _ 6 _ _ 2 _ _ _ 11 _ _ _ _ 29 16 _ 19 _ 6 _ _ 3 . . 16 18 20 15 35 11 5 8 6 14 2 4 18 20 2 1 29 3 _ _ 47 _ 40 7 27 15 8 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 14 _ 28 2 15 3 66 6 _ 12 40 20 4 Table 14. Paid Holidays— Continued (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places with formal provisions for paid holidays, 27 selected areas, June 1961) W est N orth C en tra l Item C h icago C incinnati 10 0 10 0 C levelan d D e tr o it Indianap olis K ansas City M ilw aukee M inne a p o lis — St. L ou is St. P a u l D en ver San L os P ortla n d F r a n c is c o — A n g e le s Oakland Lon g B ea ch N o n s u p e r v is o ry , e x c e p t o f fi c e , e m p lo y e e s E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g p aid h o lid a y s --------------2 h a lf d ays --------------------------------1 day ------------------------------------------ — 1 day plu s 2 h a lf d ays -------------- 2 days ------------------------------------------ 3 days ------------------------------------------3 d a y s p lu s 2 h a lf d ays —----------4 days ------------------------------------------4 d a ys plu s 1, 3, o r 4 h a lf d a y s — 5 days ------------------------------------------5 days plu s 1 o r 2 h a lf days -----6 days ------------------------------------------6 days p lu s 2 h a lf days ------------ 7 d ays —— — —— — — — 7 days plu s 2 h a lf days -------------8 d a y s —__ - __________________ ____ M o r e than 8 days E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g no paid h o lid a y s ----------- 10 0 37 4 81 7 65 - 8 12 5 - 9 35 5 - 3 3 - 1 15 - 12 - - 1 1 2 12 2 35 8 - 10 0 16 5 7 - 7 7 - 6 2 2 8 - 25 - 2 2 2 (1) - - 63 19 35 77 10 0 35 - 50 - (l ) 3 7 10 0 64 18 23 7 - 2 10 0 1 14 3 3 50 - 36 12 ■ - 10 0 10 0 10 0 69 ■ - 81 33 “ 3 16 2 6 6 1 5 * “ 3 ~ - ■ ~ 5 - 10 0 10 0 10 0 53 " 18 5 - 80 “ ■ 3 59 “ * 18 ■ ■ (*) - 19 3 5 - 2 ” ■ “ - 59 - 57 - ■ 3 ■ 3 3 - ~ " 65 31 19 67 47 95 20 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 70 7 9 4 5 23 66 2 11 1 ~ - 10 ~ 2 5 2 ~ ~ ~ - 1 - • ■ O ffic e e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p lo y e e s ---------------------------------- E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g p a id h o lid a y s -------------- 1 day --------------------------------------------1 day p lu s 6 h a lf days -------------— 2 d a ys ------------------------------------------3 d ays ------ ------- --------------- —---------4 d a ys —__ ____________________ _ 4 days plu s 3 h a lf days -------------5 d a ys —— — — — — — — 5 d ays p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf days ------6 days —------- ----- ------ — — ----------- 6 days plu s 1 o r 2 h a lf days ------7 d a ys -------------- ---------------------------7 d ays plu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a ys -----— 8 d a y s .................................................... M o r e than 8 d ays ----------------------E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g no p a id h o lid a y s 1 2 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 90 4 82 96 91 10 0 95 4 10 10 - 59 33 - 76 3 29 4 18 9 29 85 5 80 - 77 77 - 96 3 13 54 2 80 - 5 " “ " 4 15 23 4 46 1 2 58 _ 20 5 - 10 6 75 - 18 1 9 2 - - 5 23 56 - 9 " 5 1 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . 10 p e r c e n t o f the e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e d 9 d a y s; 1 p e r c e n t, 9 days plus 2 h alf d a y s; 53 p e r c e n t, 10 d a y s; and 2 p e r c e n t , NOTE: B e c a u s e o f rounding, sum s o f in divid u al item s m a y not equal to ta ls . 11 d ays. 11 4 11 5 18 - ■ * ■ 17 " 28 7 14 " " " 30 34 8 10 " 6 75 ■ 6 ■ 18 48 ‘ 3 ■ 25 Table 15. Paid Vacations (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places with formal provisions for paid vacations after selected periods of service, 27 selected areas, June 1961) N ortlle a st V a ca tio n p o lic y B o sto n B u ffalo New Y o rk City South N ew ark and Jersey City P h ila d elph ia P it t s burgh A tlanta B a ltim o re D allas W ash ington, D. C. H ouston M em phis M ia m i New O rleans 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 N o n s u p e r v is o ry , e x c e p t o ffic e ,, e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p lo y e e s ________________ __ __ 10 0 10 0 82 85 81 4 - 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 89 83 _ 78 3 3 - 77 _ 69 - 76 _ 70 _ 66 8 6 82 _ 75 _ 7 - - - - - - - - 83 . 41 15 27 83 52 _ 31 77 _ 52 85 _ 66 A m oun t o f v a ca tio n pay 1 A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v i c e -----------------L e s s than 1 w eek ______________ 1 w e e k __________________________ O v e r 1 and u nd er 2 w eek s _____ 2 w e e k s --------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w eek s _____ 3 w e e k s --------------------------------------4 w e e k s --------------------------------------- - 68 - 14 - 97 46 51 (2 ) - 90 61 29 - 97 4 89 44 91 90 25 _ 65 2 60 2 24 - 2 - A ft e r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e __________ L e s s than 1 w e e k --------------- ------1 w e e k __________________________ O v e r 1 and u nd er 2 w eek s _ _ 2 w eek s _______________________ __ O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w ee k s _____ 3 w e e k s _________ ____ ____________ 4 w e e k s --------------------------------------- 82 27 55 34 49 - _ _ _ 2 _ - 3 (2 ) - 5 - - A ft e r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e ___________ L e s s than 1 w e e k ____________ _ 1 w eek __________________________ O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w eeks 2 w eek s _________________________ O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w ee k s _____ 3 w e e k s _________________________ 4 w e e k s --------------------------------------- 82 90 89 83 83 _ _ _ _ _ 52 46 31 30 49 5 33 A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e __________ L e s s than 1 w e e k ______________ 1 w eek __________________________ O v e r 1 and under 2 w eek s _____ 2 w e e k s ____________ ________ __ _ O v e r 2 and und er 3 w eeks _____ 3 w eek s --------------------------------------4 w e e k s _________________________ 86 1 39 _ 2 5 23 20 _ 52 _ 14 - - _ _ 60 _ 86 97 - - - - 23 23 1 18 38 60 57 93 72 45 41 3 40 - 1 2 _ 2 _ _ 6 - . _ _ _ - - - - 5 - - - - 82 90 89 - 77 2 _ 86 97 - - - _ _ _ _ _ 19 20 1 9 19 22 49 40 3 58 _ _ 29 35 2 - 63 - 34 - - - 32 83 83 - _ _ 58 77 61 1 _ 2 _ 1 37 3 7 ” (2) ~ 3 “ ' 3 57 _ 7 77 87 _ 62 78 70 89 62 _ _ _ - 64 55 68 2 12 10 13 7 - 4 - _ - 62 _ 78 72 _ 89 49 20 48 37 13 3 52 20 41 _ 3 _ 1 4 11 66 62 78 72 46 49 45 30 20 _ _ 13 18 3 55 24 4 43 - - - _ _ 3 89 15 - 87 66 62 78 72 49 5 33 35 49 42 27 32 13 18 3 38 24 4 43 - - _ 18 " “ 19 - 2 “ _ _ _ _ 89 - See footnotes at end of table. Co Table 15. Paid Vacations— Continued (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places with formal provisions for paid vacations after selected periods of service, 27 selected areas, June 1961) N orthea st V a ca tio n p o l ic y B o sto n B u ffalo New Y ork City South N ew ark and Jersey City P h ila d elphia P it t s bu rgh A tlanta B a ltim o r e D allas New O rlean s H ouston M em phis M ia m i 87 49 37 - 66 62 49 13 - 78 18 29 3 29 - 87 49 37 - 66 _ 30 _ 28 9 _ 62 49 _ 13 _ _ 78 _ 18 _ 29 _ 72 _ 42 - 22 8 3 - - 6 _ 3 87 _ 49 _ 37 “ 66 62 78 _ 18 29 _ W ash ington, D. C. N o n s u p e r v is o ry , e x ce p t o f fic e , e m p lo y e es A m oun t o f v a c a tio n pay 1 — Con tinued A ft e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e ________ L e s s than 1 w e e k ______________ 1 w ee k ___________________________ O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s _____ 2 w ee k s __________________________ O v e r 2 and und er 3 w e e k s _____ 3 w ee k s __________________________ O v e r 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s _____ 4 w ee k s __________________________ 82 19 52 - A fte r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e _________ L e s s than 1 w e e k ______________ 1 w ee k ___________________________ O v e r 1 and u nd er 2 w e e k s _____ 2 w ee k s __________________________ O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w e e k s _____ 3 w ee k s ---------------------------------------O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s _____ 4 w ee k s __________________________ 82 19 51 - A fte r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e ________ L e s s than 1 w e e k ______________ 1 w e e k ___________________________ O v er 1 and u nd er 2 w e e k s _____ 2 w ee k s __________________________ O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w e e k s _____ 3 w ee k s __________________________ O v e r 3 and u nd er 4 w e e k s _____ 4 w e e k s __________________________ O v e r 4 w e e k s ____________________ 82 19 49 - See footnote at end of table. 10 - 12 - 12 2 - 97 _ 20 1 33 34 " 42 54 - 86 97 - 86 20 1 25 42 - 21 75 - - 97 - 20 1 86 25 42 " 21 63 - 90 9 65 - 89 19 44 83 - 2 12 23 - 2 21 3 22 3 36 - 77 40 30 5 83 49 29 5 - 77 40 - 2 - 90 9 64 - 89 19 _ 12 41 - 3 33 26 - 1 - - - 89 19 - 83 - 83 49 29 5 - 77 _ 40 _ 26 7 4 90 9 64 10 - 12 6 “ ■ 26 2 26 2 23 19 ~ 83 - 83 49 29 5 - 22 22 3 27 25 7 “ 26 9 2 2 2 “ 30 28 9 - _ 30 28 9 ■ _ 49 13 - - 22 9 “ 72 42 16 4 10 - 16 4 72 _ 42 _ 90 28 42 . 19 90 _ 28 _ 42 _ 18 _ 1 4 4 - 90 _ 28 . 33 . 26 . 6 2 ■ - 16 Table 15. Paid Vacations— Continued (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places with formal provisions for paid vacations after selected periods of service, 27 selected areas, June 1961) N orth C en tral V a ca tio n p o lic y C h icago C incinnati C levela n d D e tr o it Indianapolis W est K ansas C ity M ilw aukee M in n e a p o lis — St. L ou is St. P a u l D en ver L os San P ortla n d F r a n c i s c o A n g e le s L on g B ea ch Oak land N o n s u p e r v is o ry , e x c e p t o f fi c e , e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p lo y e e s -------------------------------- 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 A ft e r 1 y e a r o f s e r v i c e -----------------L e s s than 1 w e e k ______________ 1 w ee k __________________________ O v er 1 and und er 2 w eeks _____ 2 w eek s _________________________ O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w eeks _____ 3 w ee k s _________________________ 4 w e e k s _________________________ 82 73 7 - 90 90 - 84 69 - 82 80 - ~ 93 84 5 4 84 81 4 " 87 87 . - 92 89 3 - 65 4 59 3 - 93 87 7 - 99 _ 99 _ - 98 3 95 _ - A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e __________ L e s s than 1 w e e k ______________ 1 w eek __________________________ O v er 1 and u n d er 2 w eeks _____ 2 w ee k s _________________________ O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w eeks _____ 3 w eek s _________________________ 4 w eek s _________________________ 82 31 93 14 90 39 86 2 86 87 18 13 56 - 92 19 73 - 67 93 16 77 - 99 - 98 _ A m oun t o f v a c a tio n p a y 1 2 2 81 2 ~ 60 9 69 38 2 82 58 3 1 2 2 48 - 49 - 68 - - - - - - - - - 1 " 72 4 73 13 - - - - - - - - - - - - A fter 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e __________ L e s s than 1 w e e k ---------------------1 w eek __________________________ O v er 1 and u nd er 2 w eeks _____ 2 w ee k s _________________________ O v er 2 and u nd er 3 w eeks _____ 3 w e e k s _________________________ 4 w e e k s _________________________ 82 93 90 86 2 11 69 27 86 94 - 67 99 _ 11 2 21 93 _ 14 10 51 _ 35 - 87 - 71 3 - 82 33 3 45 _ 1 75 - _ 73 - _ 90 - 98 _ 9 _ 89 _ _ - - - - - - - - A ft e r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e __________ L e s s than 1 w e e k ______________ 1 w e e k __________________________ O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w eeks _____ 2 w ee k s _________________________ O v er 2 and u n d er 3 w eeks _____ 3 w eek s --------------------------------------4 w ee k s -------------------------------------- 82 86 87 94 67 93 99 98 1 22 _ _ _ 10 6 9 _ _ _ 79 93 89 _ _ _ _ See footnote at end of table. 2 - - - 24 12 30 58 - - 3 74 4 82 93 90 2 54 2 2 - - - - 20 1 8 24 - 56 17 - 86 2 10 - 62 2 60 2 - - - 3 " 18 4 3 - 5 69 2 8 23 - 28 4 69 21 - - 10 2 27 3 51 _ 47 3 7 - - 1 27 4 35 - 1 22 7 36 - _ _ - 46 8 2 8 _ 36 78 86 5 39 - _ _ _ _ - • " 3 ■ - 77 2 5 ■ 12 11 87 _ - 87 _ - 8 _ ■ Table 15. Paid Vacations— Continued (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places with formal provisions for paid vacations after selected periods of service, 27 selected areas, June 1961) W est N orth C en tral V a ca tio n p o lic y C h icago C incinnati C leveland D e tro it Indianap olis K ansas C ity M ilw aukee M inne a p o lis — St. P aul St. L ou is D en ver San L os P o rtla n d F r a n c is c o — A n g e le s Oakland Long B e a ch N o n s u p e r v is o ry , e x c e p t o f fic e , e m p lo y e e s A m oun t o f v a c a tio n pay 1— C ontinued A fte r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e ------------L e s s than 1 w e e k -----------------------1 w ee k ___________________________ O v er 1 and under 2 w e e k s ------2 w ee k s ---------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w e e k s ------3 w ee k s ---------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u nd er 4 w e e k s ------4 w ee k s __________________________ A fte r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e -------------L e s s than 1 w e e k ______________ 1 w e e k ___________________________ O v e r 1 and under 2 w e e k s ------2 w ee k s __________________________ O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s ------3 w ee k s __________________________ O v e r 3 and u nd er 4 w e e k s --------4 w e e k s __________________________ A fte r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e _________ L e s s Ilian 1 w e e k ---------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u nd er 2 w e e k s ------2 w e e k s __________________________ O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w e e k s -------3 w ee k s __________________________ O v e r 3 and u nd er 4 w e e k s ------4 w ee k s __________________________ O v e r 4 w e e k s ____________________ See footnote at end of table. 82 - 93 - 90 - 20 8 2 14 - 57 24 4 82 - 93 - _ 46 20 8 69 - 22 86 2 10 45 23 - 65 5 5 37 5 17 - 90 - 86 2 10 69 - 22 10 10 82 27 52 3 82 27 45 86 46 32 8 - 86 46 •32 - 87 - 94 - 8 8 1 22 77 3 - 80 - 3 35 - 6 6 " “ 87 - 94 - 67 8 8 18 - 76 9 - 3 29 - 87 - 94 - 67 8 8 76 9 - _ 43 19 - _ 24 56 4 38 30 - 60 - 34 3 10 22 5 - 82 - 93 - 90 - 69 - 20 8 22 86 2 10 _ _ - - - - - - 45 32 62 - - - 6 8 - 18 - 10 - 9 - 8 82 27 86 40 22 35 57 _ - - - 20 56 28 13 34 3 19 - - - - - 2 4 3 6 5 3 3 “ " ' ' " 46 62 67 1 22 12 " 1 22 3 29 12 - 93 - 99 - 98 ■ 10 6 6 36 46 2 93 ■ 9 83 “ 93 - 99 - 98 - 6 6 6 39 46 2 93 ■ 9 83 ■ 93 - 99 - 98 - 6 6 6 39 45 3 93 - 9 83 - Table 15. Paid Vacations— Continued (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places with formal provisions for paid vacations after selected periods of service, 27 selected areas, June 1961) South N orth ea st V a ca tio n p o lic y B o sto n B u ffalo New Y o r k C ity N ew ark and Jersey City P h ila delph ia P itts bu rgh A tlanta D allas H ouston M em phis M ia m i New O rleans W ash ington, D. C. 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 97 92 5 ■ 83 - 10 0 86 89 - 94 “ 61 27 97 - “ “ 64 23 " ” 6 6 “ ~ 97 25 83 42 41 “ 10 0 86 58 28 " ” 89 19 3 64 - 94 53 47 “ 97 ■ 7 6 81 " 2 ■ 8 88 10 0 86 34 54 * 49 51 " 58 28 89 19 3 64 - 94 ■ 39 48 97 ■ 5 6 81 ~ “ ■ 2 ■ 11 88 10 0 86 34 54 - 38 62 - 58 28 - 89 19 3 49 17 B a ltim o re O ffic e e m p lo y e e s 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e ---------------L e s s than 1 w e e k ---------------------1 w ee k __________________________ O v e r 1 and under 2 w eeks ------2 w ee k s --------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w eek s ------3 w ee k s --------------------------------------4 w e e k s _________________________ 97 _ 38 _ 59 - 10 0 97 34 63 - 88 95 10 0 10 0 45 43 - 6 76 24 - A fte r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e ---------------L e s s than 1 w e e k ---------------------1 w e e k ---------------------------------------O v e r 1 and und er 2 w eeks ------2 w e e k s _________________________ O v e r 2 and under 3 w eeks ------3 w e e k s _________________________ 4 w ee k s _________________________ 97 - 10 0 _ 89 - 8 8 _ 92 - A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e --------------L e s s than 1 w e e k ---------------------1 w e e k ---------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u nd er 2 w eek s ------2 w ee k s _________________________ O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w eek s ------3 w ee k s _________________________ 4 w ee k s _________________________ 97 - 10 0 - 2 A ft e r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e --------------L e s s than 1 w e e k ---------------------1 w e e k __________________________ O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w eek s ------2 w e e k s _________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w eek s ------3 w ee k s _________________________ 4 w ee k s --------------------------------------- 97 _ 5 10 0 A ll e m p lo y e e s -------------------------------- 10 0 A m oun t o f v a ca tio n pay 1 See footnote at end of table. 6 _ 92 - - 42 58 - - _ 98 - 97 4 3 90 " 88 97 - 88 16 72 - 52 35 1 ■ 91 9 ■ 95 33 58 3 ~ 10 0 18 9 73 ~ 44 56 ~ 10 0 10 0 18 44 10 0 97 25 2 12 95 23 - 76 - - - 11 69 3 ~ 82 - 56 " 60 " 95 4 10 0 10 0 97 - 91 1 2 - - 88 - 97 - - - 2 - - - - 93 - - - 11 41 50 - - 83 76 82 72 88 - - - - 2 18 ~ 1 22 - - - 7 14 7 " ' ” 11 60 “ ” 11 - 85 - 68 14 ~ “ 11 89 ■ 61 2 26 ■ ~ 39 48 22 1 69 1 " 1 “ “ 94 ■ 39 38 6 11 97 5 81 12 to Table 15. Paid Vacations— Continued (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places with formal provisions for paid vacations after selected periods of service, 27 selected areas, June 1961) South N orth ea st V a ca tio n p o l ic y B o sto n B u ffalo New Y o rk City N ew ark and Jersey City P h ila delph ia P itts bu rgh A tlanta B a ltim o r e D allas H ouston M em phis M ia m i New O rlea n s 88 10 0 86 34 54 - 30 57 14 * 58 5 23 ■ 89 19 - 94 39 35 88 10 0 86 34 54 “ 30 57 14 - 58 5 23 “ 88 10 0 86 34 54 - 30 57 14 - 58 5 23 - W ash ington, D. C. O ffic e e m p lo y e e s A m oun t o f v a c a tio n p a y 1— C on tinued A fte r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e -------------L e s s than 1 w e e k ---------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s ------2 w e e k s __________________________ O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s _____ 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s ------4 w e e k s ---------------------------------------- 97 5 50 _ 43 - A ft e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e -------------L e s s than 1 w e e k ______________ 1 w e e k ___________________________ O v e r 1 and u nd er 2 w e e k s _____ 2 w e e k s __________________________ O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s _____ 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------O v e r 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s ------4 w e e k s __________________________ 97 5 46 47 - 10 0 A ft e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e ------------L e s s than 1 w e e k ______________ 1 w e e k ___________________________ O v e r 1 and u n d er 2 w e e k s _____ 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u n d er 3 w e e k s _____ 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------O v e r 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s ------4 w e e k s ______________ __________ _ O v e r 4 w e e k s ----------------------------- 97 5 _ 45 47 - 10 0 See footnote at end of table, - 10 0 81 _ 19 _ 21 _ 79 _ 21 79 ” 97 2 64 31 97 2 47 . 48 97 2 _ 47 42 5 " 95 4 67 24 - 10 0 10 0 - 38 - 41 50 9 - 10 0 10 0 - - 95 4 38 52 - 1 1 39 50 - 41 50 9 - 88 95 4 38 23 30 ” 10 0 10 0 27 48 14 41 50 9 - ' ' 88 88 88 76 11 76 11 1 “ 11 45 6 11 11 97 11 49 36 97 11 38 47 97 11 38 47 - 16 3 50 - 6 6 8 89 19 16 30 3 94 39 35 20 8 89 19 - 94 39 35 16 30 23 6 6 - 6 6 8 97 ■ 5 81 12 97 5 19 71 3 97 5 19 71 3 Table 15. Paid Vacations— Continued (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places with formal provisions for paid vacations after selected periods of service, 27 selected areas, June 1961) W est N orth C en tral V a ca tio n p o lic y C h icago C incinnati C levelan d D e tro it Indianapolis K ansas City M ilw aukee M in n e a p o lis — St. P aul St. L ou is D en ver San L os P ortlan d F r a n c i s c o A n g e le s Oakland Long B ea ch O ffic e e m p lo y e e s 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e __________ L e s s than 1 w eek ______ _______ 1 w eek __________________________ O v e r 1 and u nd er 2 w eeks _____ 2 w eek s _____________________ ____ O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w eeks ____ _______________ _____ — 3 w eek s 4 w eek s _________________________ 99 47 _ 51 " 92 82 _ 97 54 43 - 98 80 58 - 10 0 10 0 10 0 - 96 - 10 0 - 82 64 18 - 10 0 95 5 - 88 10 0 - - 91 52 40 - A ft e r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e ..... ............ L e s s than 1 w e e k .......................... 1 w eek _____ _____________________ O v er 1 and u nd er 2 w eeks _____ 2 w eek s ________________ ______ — O v e r 2 and under 3 w eeks ____ 3 w eek s .......... ..................... .............. 4 w eek s _______________________ 99 5 92 . 92 - 97 24 98 82 14 - 10 0 71 - 86 A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e ............. — L e s s than 1 w eek ______________ 1 w eek ....... ......... .............................. O v er 1 and under 2 w eeks _____ 2 w eek s ■ ________ ____ ___ _________ O v er 2 and und er 3 w eeks _____ 3 w eek s _________________________ 4 w eek s ___________________ ______ 99 4 92 92 - 97 17 98 2 - 79 ~ 88 A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e __________ L e s s than 1 w eek ....................... . 1 w eek .................. ......................... O v er 1 and under 2 w eeks ____ 2 w eek s ___________________ ______ O v er 2 and u nd er 3 w eeks ____ 3 w eek s .................. ....................... .... 4 w eek s .......... .............................. .... 99 _ 92 . 92 - 97 - 98 2 2 87 - A ll e m p lo y e e s ....................................... A m ount o f v a ca tio n pay 1 See footnote at end of table. 1 93 - 1 94 - 1 1 95 2 ■ 10 - 2 81 12 “ 8 66 25 " 8 4 8 2 1 8 2 1 22 “ 10 0 10 0 - - 7 87 5 - 89 49 4 36 " 10 0 10 0 10 0 47 5 47 - 95 5 “ 13 87 - 89 29 13 47 - 10 0 10 0 10 0 5 95 “ 18 83 - 94 - 68 89 9 71 9 “ 10 0 10 0 10 0 82 10 0 15 85 “ - - - 14 - 4 29 4 64 " 5 95 ■ 6 6 94 ” 68 82 14 - 68 “ 4 32 4 61 " 10 0 4 29 7 61 - 8 - - 96 4 93 - 10 0 96 4 93 - 10 0 96 4 84 9 “ 10 0 10 0 10 0 “ 10 0 ” 91 12 79 91 8 83 “ 91 8 83 “ Table 15. Paid Vacations— Continued (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places with formal provisions for paid vacations after selected periods of service, 27 selected areas, June 1961) W est N orth C en tra l V a ca tio n p o l ic y C h icago C incinnati C leveland D e tro it Indianap olis K ansas C ity M ilw aukee M in ne a p o lis — St. P aul St. L ou is D en ver 82 14 61 - 10 0 San L os P o rtla n d F r a n c is c o — A n g e le s Oakland Lon g B ea ch O ffic e e m p lo y e e s A m oun t o f v a c a tio n p a y 1— C ontinued 92 79 - 89 9 62 18 ~ 10 0 10 0 10 0 92 - - - 15 53 33 - 10 0 10 0 10 0 67 - 89 9 60 - 78 - 79 - 21 20 22 3 - - 15 53 33 - 97 - 98 10 0 10 0 10 0 2 62 25 3 " 89 9 60 - 78 14 - 15 53 33 ” 79 - 97 - 98 2 70 18 3 A fte r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e ------------L e s s than 1 w e e k ---------------------1 w e e k ___________________________ O v er 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s ------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------O v e r 2 and u nd er 3 w e e k s ------3 w eek s ---------------------------------------O v er 3 and un d er 4 w e e k s ------4 w e e k s - _________________________ 99 - 14 - 12 A ft e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e ------------L e s s than 1 w e e k ---------------------1 w eek ----------------------------------------O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s ------2 w eek s __________________________ O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s ------3 w e e k s __________________________ O v er 3 and u nd er 4 w e e k s ------4 w e e k s ---------------------------------------- 99 . 92 . 76 15 - 97 - 98 2 2 92 76 15 • - " 2 A ft e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e ------------L e s s than 1 w e e k ---------------------1 w e e k __ _____ ____ ___________ __ O v e r 1 and un d er 2 w e e k s ------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------O v e r 2 and un d er 3 w e e k s ------3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d er 4 w e e k s ------4 w e e k s __________________________ O v e r 4 w e e k s ------------------------------ 1 81 2 1 . 64 34 99 1 62 34 - - 71 24 - 21 73 - 21 40 33 “ 8 8 8 16 4 “ 8 8 “ 10 0 - 21 - 21 “ 8 - 4 29 4 59 5 " 82 14 56 13 - 10 0 82 14 56 13 “ 10 0 4 29 4 39 25 " 96 4 37 51 4 10 0 96 4 37 51 4 10 0 10 0 * 10 0 " 10 0 4 29 4 39 25 - 96 4 37 49 7 ' ‘ ' 10 0 - 91 37 55 " 91 35 48 “ 8 91 35 48 8 1 V a ca tio n p a y m e n ts s u ch as p e r c e n t o f annual earn in gs and fia t -s u m am ounts w e r e co n v e r te d to an equ ivalen t tim e b a s is . P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e r e a r b it r a r ily c h o s e n and do not n e c e s s a r il y r e fle c t individ ual p r o v is io n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n . F o r e x a m p le , the chan ges in p r o p o r t io n s in d ica ted at 15 y e a r s m ay in clu d e changes in p r o v is io n s o c c u r r in g b e tw e e n 1 1 and 1 2 y e a r s . 2 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f rou n din g, sum s o f individ ual ite m s m a y not equal to ta ls . Table 16. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans ( P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e rv is o r y e m p lo y e e s in eating and drinking p la c e s w ith s p e c ifie d health , in s u r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s ; N orth ea st T y p e o f plan B o sto n B u ffa lo 27 s e le c t e d a r e a s , June 1961) South New Y o r k C ity N ew ark and Jersey City 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 54 36 40 21 29 37 23 P h ila d elp h ia P it t s bu rgh A tlanta B a ltim o r e D allas H ouston M em ph is M iam i New O rlean s W ash ington, D. C. N o n s u p e r v is o ry , e x c e p t o f fic e , e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p lo y e e s -------------------------------------------------------E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g : L ife in s u r a n c e ------------- --------------------------------A c c id e n t a l death and d is m e m b e rm e n t in s u r a n c e ---------------------------------------------------S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in su ra n ce o r s ic k le a v e o r both 2 _________________________ S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e ----------S ick le a v e (fu ll p a y , no w aiting p e r io d ) — S ick le a v e (p a r tia l pay, o r w aitin g p e r io d ) . . . . __ _____. . ________ . . . . . H o s p ita liz a tio n in su ra n ce ----------------------------S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e ____________ ~ ____________ M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e . . . . . . ----------. . . . . . . . ----------C a ta stro p h e in s u r a n c e _________. . . . _______ . . . R e tir e m e n t p e n s i o n ____________ ____________— N o h ealth , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n sio n plan ... .. _ 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 43 60 79 31 25 46 49 11 14 27 3 13 19 34 33 27 38 38 - 73 18 18 - 41 40 30 27 22 26 16 6 6 1 10 8 2 6 6 - 4 4 30 28 24 4 3 50 57 57 57 81 81 16 14 13 3 30 71 13 11 2 50 39 28 25 19 7 56 44 27 62 2 52 50 45 - 1 1 41 35 28 - 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 74 93 44 38 59 67 52 56 20 28 14 12 52 13 79 55 26 27 57 50 15 18 18 - 55 38 17 58 52 39 28 28 7 1 1 25 25 25 - 49 49 49 - 59 57 52 - 13 2 3 52 47 34 33 27 2 66 13 44 26 1 10 0 10 0 10 0 47 26 44 9 16 16 40 . - 20 20 6 6 - - 48 25 25 30 30 57 57 10 22 11 30 25 15 10 0 1 2 2 8 6 8 8 55 58 52 40 40 37 17 55 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 94 32 68 34 61 70 85 93 25 61 31 27 30 82 78 78 40 _ - 36 30 18 47 47 16 16 12 12 - 91 14 83 58 35 3 4 16 37 1 64 64 54 26 28 27 27 18 64 64 31 14 52 45 29 3 . 27 87 85 14 3 77 9 20 10 - 68 5 43 62 54 52 19 5 29 40 10 0 - 2 O ffic e e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p lo y e e s ______________ ____________ . . . . . . . . . . E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g : L ife in s u r a n c e ________________________________ A c c id e n t a l death and d is m e m b e rm e n t in s u r a n c e __, ___ T_„....___ ___________________ ^ S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u ra n ce o r s ic k le a v e o r b o t h 2 ________________________ S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u ra n ce _________ S ick le a v e (fu ll pay, no w aiting p e r io d )----S ick le a v e (p a r tia l p ay, o r w aitin g p e r io d ) __________________________ H o s p ita liz a tio n in s u ra n ce . . . ________ _____ . . . . S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e ___________________________ M e d ica l in s u r a n c e ____________________________ C a ta stro p h e in s u r a n c e . __________ _____ . . . . . R e tir e m e n t p e n s io n __________________________ N o health , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n plan _____ See footnotes at end of table. 66 64 54 22 5 - 11 11 2 6 11 47 47 47 5 - 41 37 24 44 6 62 53 30 - 52 52 46 - - 2 36 Table 16. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans— Continued (P e r c e n t o f n o n s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e s in eating and drinking p la c e s w ith s p e c ifie d health, in s u r a n c e , and p e n sio n pla n s, 27 s e le c t e d a r e a s , June 1 9 b l) N orth C en tral T yp e o f plan C h icago C incinnati C levelan d W est M in n e K ansas D e tro it Indianapolis M ilw aukee a p o lis — St. L ou is City St. Paul L os San D en ver A n g e le s - P ortla n d F r a n c is c o — Oakland Long B ea ch N o n s u p e r v is o ry , e x ce p t o ffic e , em|ployees A ll e m p lo y e e s -------------------------------------------------------E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p r o v id in g : L ife in s u r a n c e ________________________________ A c c id e n t a l death and d is m e m b e rm e n t in s u r a n c e ------------------------------------------------------S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r s ic k le a v e o r both 12 --------------------------------------S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t i n s u r a n c e ................ S ick le a v e (fu ll pay, no w aiting p e r io d )___ S ick le a v e (p a r tia l pay o r w aiting p e r io d ) __________________________ H os p ita liz a tio n in s u r a n c e _________ _____ ____ S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e ___________________________ M e d ica l in s u r a n c e ____________________________ C a ta stro p h e in s u r a n c e ----------------------------------R e tir e m e n t p e n s io n __________________________ No health , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n p l a n --------- 10 0 10 0 10 0 31 69 10 69 22 22 16 13 - 4 41 41 41 2 7 58 3 81 77 71 3 5 19 . 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 54 66 23 44 27 56 63 33 53 . 10 31 1 52 58 42 42 - 67 67 42 39 - 31 27 - 57 55 2 24 19 - 75 71 5 5 32 35 16 3 53 54 13 3 36 36 6 2 6 2 1 43 24 3 62 3 42 7 64 60 57 53 - 10 0 10 0 10 0 37 37 7 - 2 12 2 38 10 0 10 0 10 0 28 53 12 96 24 27 6 10 63 63 - 22 22 11 6 6 6 94 23 3 5 - 68 74 74 31 29 28 5 7 61 79 77 75 - 18 96 96 94 96 79 4 66 <3 > 26 20 21 21 21 8 33 19 3 77 O ffic e e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p l o y e e s _____________________________________ E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g : L ife in s u r a n c e _____________________ ______ ____ A c c id e n t a l death and d is m e m b e rm e n t in s u r a n c e ______ ____ _________________________ S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r s ic k le a v e o r both 2 ________________ _________ S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u ra n ce -------------S ick le a v e (fu ll pay, no w aiting p e r io d )----S ick le a v e (p a r tia l p a y, o r w aiting p e r io d ) __________________________ H os p ita liz a tio n i n s u r a n c e ------------------------------S u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e ------------------------------------------M e d ica l in s u r a n c e ____________________________ C a ta stro p h e in s u r a n c e ----------------------------------R e tir e m e n t p e n s io n _________________________ _ No h ealth , in s u r a n c e , o r p e n s io n p l a n -------- 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 45 32 18 54 23 52 69 8 26 15 32 13 3 14 63 29 33 30 30 - 26 26 - 17 18 18 ■32 32 - 33 4 29 17 17 - 49 16 38 51 51 3 3 38 15 50 50 23 18 50 32 32 32 - ' 33 33 26 3 49 32 . 36 25 9 5 43 60 60 58 18 9 24 - 4 72 72 70 53 47 27 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 54 25 72 30 38 31 12 23 33 18 24 28 41 39 61 60 - ■ 69 35 33 49 31 38 33 - 2 2 85 78 64 63 63 32 35 28 55 49 3 3 45 4 44 53 13 4 4 44 2 5 58 58 52 16 9 35 2 53 13 21 6 68 10 10 10 7 7 48 1 In clu d es on ly th o se plans fo r w hich at least part o f the c o s t is b o rn e by the e m p lo y e r and e x clu d e s le g a lly re q u ir e d plans such as w o r k m e n 's com p en sa tion and s o c ia l s e c u r it y and plans w h ich m eet only the m in im um re q u ire m e n ts o f a State law as to b e n e fits o r e m p lo y e r co n trib u tion s. 2 U n du plica ted total o f e m p lo y e e s re c e iv in g s ick leave o r s ic k n e s s and a ccid e n t in su ra n ce shown s e p a r a te ly . 3 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . Table 17. Nonproduction Bonuses (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places with specified types of nonproduction bonuses, 27 selected areas, June 1961) N orthea st T yp e o f bonus B oston Bu ffalo New Y o rk City South N ew ark and J ersey Citv P h ila d elphia P it t s burgh Atlanta B a ltim o re D allas H ouston M em phis M ia m i New O rlean s W ash ington, D. C. 100 100 N o n s u p e r v is o ry , ex ce p t o f fi c e , e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p lo y e e s ------------------------------— E m p lo y e e s in e sta b lish m e n ts w ith n on p ro d u ctio n bon u ses C.'h r i s t m p c n r ------- y ^ p r<=»nH P r o f it sh arin g ------- — -------- — i- E m p lo y e e s in e sta b lish m e n ts w ith n o n o n p in d u ctio n bon u ses — 100 100 100 100 100 38 32 33 59 72 35 31 33 69 3 2 62 2 68' 67" 59 41 28 100 100 100 100 100 100 52 51 4.3 5.9 43 69 39 57 36 52 46 4 43 5-5 43 65 39 57 36 100 1 48 49 4 4 57 41 57 31 61 43 64 TOO 1Q0 100 100 100 O ffic e e m p lo y e e s . . A ll e m p lo y e e s ----------------------------- — ... E m p lo y e e s in e sta b lish m e n ts w ith n o n p ro d u ctio n bon u ses C h ris tm a s o r y ea ren d P r o fit s V ip r in g ------- 31 ------------ 31 100 22 21 100. 41 41 : 100 66 66 ___________________ ___ E m p lo y e e s in e sta b lish m e n ts with no n o n p ro d u ctio n bon u ses — 100 S ee fo o tn o te s ..at .end o f table* 100 TOO 100 100 100 86 86 58 54 38 55 38 45 28 50 16 58 52 38 50 38 42 28 50 16 72 50 84 \ ) 69 78 59 34 14 2 42 46 5 62 45 3 6? 55 Table 17. Nonproduction Bonuses— Continued (Percent of nonsupervisory employees in eating and drinking places with specified types of nonproduction bonuses, 27 selected areas, June 1961) W est N orth C e n tra l T yp e o f bonus C h icago C incinnati C leveland D e tr o it Indianap olis K ansas C ity M ilw aukee M in n e a p o lis— St. L ou is St. P a u l D en ver L os A n g e le s L on g B ea ch 100 100 San P o r tla n d F r a n c i s c o Oakland N o n s u p e r v is o ry , e x c e p t o f fi c e , e m p lo y e e s A ll e m p lo y e e s --------------------------------- E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith n o n p ro d u ctio n b o n u se s 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 ...... 30 48 33 25 46 42 37 19 49 49 41 18 26 ________ m s nr yfifl rpnH P r o f it sh a rin g ---------- . . . . . . O th er — --------------- --------------- ------- 29 2 - 45 3 - 28 5 - 23 2 - 44 3 - 36 6 - 37 17 49 26 2 36 (*) 5 18 - 44 6 “ - - E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith no n o n p ro d u ctio n b o n u se s — 70 52 67 75 54 58 63 81 51 51 59 82 74 ti s t - O ffic e e m p lo y e e s A l l e m p lo y e e s ......................... 100 100 100 _ ...... 36 62 ---------— 19 17 64 E m p lo y e e s in e sta b lis h m e n ts w ith n o n p ro d u ctio n b o n u se s C h ris tm a s o r y e a r e n d E m p lo y e e s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith no n o n p ro d u ctio n b o n u se s . . . 1 100 100 _ 100 100 100 100 100 - -1 0 0 41 54 51 53 20 40 54 55 50 38 33 60 2 39 2 52 2 51 47 5 20 40 33 _ 39 3 9 38 _ 38 15 55 . . . 38 59 46 49 80 60 46 45 50 62 67 L e s s than 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: 100 B e c a u s e o f rou n din g, sum s o f individ ual item s m a y not equal total. _ 47 _ 100 Appendix A: Scope and Method of Survey Scope o f Survey The su rv e y in clu d ed (1) esta b lish m en ts p r im a r ily engaged in the re ta il sa le o f p rep a red fo o d and drin ks fo r con su m p tion on the p r e m is e s , a ls o c a te r e r s and establish m en ts p r im a r ily engaged in s e llin g b ox lu n ch es, and (2) esta b lish m en ts p r im a r ily engaged in the re ta il sa le o f d rin k s, such as b e e r , a le , w ine, liq u o r , and oth er a lc o h o lic b e v e ra g e s fo r con su m p tion on the p r e m is e s . The sa le o f fo o d fre q u e n tly a ccou n ts fo r a substantial p r o p ortion o f the r e c e ip ts o f th ese e sta b lish m en ts. T h ese two in d u stries c o m p r is e the en tire Industry G roup No. 581 as defined in the 1957 ed ition o f the Standard In du strial C la s s ific a tio n M anual, p re p a re d by the U. S. B ureau o f the Budget. Separate ce n tra l o ffic e s and c o m m is s a r ie s w ere a ls o in clu d ed in the s u rv e y . The esta b lish m en ts studied w e re s e le c te d fr o m th ose em ployin g 10 o r m o r e e m p loy ees at the tim e o f r e fe r e n c e o f the data u sed in co m p ilin g the u n iv e rse lis t s . The num ber o f esta b lish m en ts arid e m p lo y e e s a ctu a lly studied b y the B ureau, as w ell as the num ber e stim a ted to be within the sco p e o f the su rv e y during the p a y ro ll p e r io d studied, a re shown in the fo llo w in g ta b le. E stim ated num ber o f establish m en ts and em p loyees within s c o p e o f su rvey and num ber studied in the eating and drinking p la c e s industry, 27 s e le cte d a r e a s , June 1961 N um ber o f establish m en ts 1 2 A rea1 E m p lo ye e s in establishm ents Within s c o p e o f study Studied T otal 3 N on su perv is o r y em p lo ye e s T otal 3 Within s co p e o f study Studied 1, 167 279 2, 319 423 623 378 98 67 131 49 80 70 28 ,2 6 3 7 ,9 1 6 8 4 ,916 10,409 23 ,0 4 9 9 ,9 0 4 25,476 6 ,9 1 4 7 4,503 9, 183 2 1,573 9 ,4 8 0 3,571 3,776 24,037 2 ,288 8 ,4 8 4 4, 132 325 413 400 410 179 471 249 541 58 51 65 59 51 64 53 76 7, 367 12, 048 8, 093 7, 895 3, 017 10,895 5 ,849 1,961 3, 340 1,893 1,951 1, 143 2, 300 2, 076 1 7 ,7 2 6 6 ,7 6 2 11,000 7, 524 7,401 2, 867 9 ,9 3 4 5,461 15,516 7 , 297 1,663 372 597 695 243 307 296 483 564 95 55 71 63 49 49 51 51 58 4 1 ,0 7 0 7 ,4 7 4 13,185 17,066 5, 120 6 ,4 5 0 5,2 4 2 10, 547 11,427 38,724 6 ,8 2 0 11,911 16,049 4 ,6 8 5 6, 074 4 ,7 0 8 9, 310 10,682 5, 146 1,936 3,1 3 0 2 ,7 7 0 1,531 2 ,0 8 6 1,334 2, 019 2, 434 342 2 ,0 3 9 238 860 46 80 42 6,921 50,561 5,427 2 2 ,0 5 0 6, 333 4 8 ,1 7 4 5, 137 2 0 ,452 1,814 3, 511 1,506 3,212 N ortheast Rnstnn B u f f a l o __________________ ________ __ New Y o rk City __ __ __ _____ _ Newark and J e r s e y City _________ Ph iladelphia - ------------------ ------P ittsburgh -------------------------------------South Atlanta ____________ __ ______ ____ B a ltim o re ______________________ __ D allas ______________ _____ ____ ____ H ouston ______________ _ -----M em phis M iam i _______ ______ ___ ________ __ -------------------New O rleans W ashington, D. C. ________________ N orth Central C h icago _____ _ ____ _____ C in c in n a t i___ ____ _____ ______ C leveland _________________________ D e tro it ____ — ________________ Indianapolis _______________________ K ansas C i t y ----------------------------------M ilw aukee _ __________________ M inneapolis—St. P aul _ ---------------St. L ou is ____ ____ _________ W est D enver _____________________________ L o s A n geles—Long B e a c h _________ P ortlan d __________________________ San F ra n cis co —Oakland __________ 68 1 Standard M etrop olitan S tatistical A r e a s as defined by the U. S. B u reau o f the Budget, excep t: C h icago (C ook County); New Y ork City (the 5 bo ro u g h s); N ewark and J e r s e y City (E sse x , H udson, M o r r is , and Union C ounties); and Ph iladelphia (Philadelphia and D elaw are Cou nties, P a . , and Camden County, N. J. ). 2 Includes only establish m en ts with 10 o r m o r e em p lo y e e s at the tim e o f r e fe r e n c e o f the u n iv e rse data. 3 Includes exe cu tive , p r o fe s s io n a l, and other e m p loyees exclu ded fro m the non su p erv is o r y em p loyee c a te g o ry . 49 50 M ethod o f Study Data w ere obtained by p e rso n a l v is its o f B ureau fie ld e c o n o m is ts . The su rv e y was con ducted on a sam ple b a s is . To obtain a p p rop ria te a c c u r a c y at m inim um c o s t, a g re a te r p ortion o f la rg e than o f sm a ll esta b lish m en ts was studied. In com bin in g the data, h o w ev er, all establish m en ts w ere given th eir a p p rop ria te weight. A ll estim a tes in this re p o rt a re p resen ted , th e r e fo r e , as relatin g to a ll e sta b lish m en ts in the in d u stries in the a r e a s , e x cluding on ly th ose b elow the m inim um s iz e at the tim e o f r e fe r e n c e o f the u n iv e rse data. E stablish m en t D efin ition s An establish m en t, fo r the p u rp oses o f this study, is defined as a single p h y sica l lo ca tio n w h ere b u sin ess is tra n sa cted . In a few in sta n ce s, h ow ev er, it was not .p o s s ib le to obtain in form a tion on this b a sis and the te rm , thus, m ay include two o r m o r e lo ca tio n s o f the sam e com p an y in the sam e a re a . E m ploym en t The e stim a te s o f the num ber o f e m p loyees in this b u lletin a re intended as a g en era l guide to fo r c e in clu d ed in the su rv ey . The advan ce planning pels the use o f lis ts o f establish m en ts a s s e m b le d p e rio d studied. within the sco p e o f the study p resen ted the siz e and c o m p o sitio n o f the la b o r n e c e s s a r y to make a wage su rv ey c o m co n sid e r a b ly in advance o f the p a y ro ll N o n su p erv isory E m p loy ees The te rm "n o n s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e s , " as used in this bulletin, in clu d es w orking fo re m e n and all n o n s u p e rv is o ry em p lo y e e s engaged in o ffic e and n on office fu n ction s, excep t ad m in istra tiv e, e x ecu tiv e , p r o fe s s io n a l and te ch n ica l p e rso n n e l, and fo r c e -a c c o u n t co n stru ctio n em p lo y e e s who a re u tilize d as a separate w ork fo r c e on the firm *s own p r o p e r tie s . O ccu pations S elected fo r Study O ccu pational c la s s ific a tio n was based on a u n iform set o f jo b d e sc r ip tio n s design ed to take a ccou n t o f in teresta b lish m en t and in te ra re a v a ria tion s in duties within the sam e jo b . (See appendix B fo r listin g o f these jo b d e s c r ip t io n s .) The occu p a tion s w ere ch o se n fo r th eir n u m erica l im p o rta n ce , th eir u sefu ln ess in c o lle c tiv e bargain in g, o r th eir r e p r e s e n ta tiv en ess o f the en tire jo b s ca le in the in d u stry. W orking s u p e r v is o r s , a p p re n tice s, le a r n e r s , b eg in n ers, tra in e e s , handicapped, p a r t-tim e , te m p o ra ry , and p rob a tion a ry w o rk e rs w ere not re p o rte d in the s e le c te d o ccu p a tion s. Wage Data The wage in fo rm a tio n re la te s to a v era g e stra ig h t-tim e h ou rly ea rn in g s, excluding p rem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eeken ds, h olida ys, and late sh ifts; a lso exclu ded a re tips and the value o f fr e e ro o m , m e a ls , and u n iform s fo r e m p lo y e e s re c e iv in g such p e rq u isite s, and a ll n onprodu ction bonus paym en ts, such as C h ristm a s o r yearen d b on u ses. C o s t -o f-liv in g b on u ses, h ow e v e r, w ere in cluded as a part o f the em p loyee*s reg u la r pay. The h ou rly earn in gs o f sa la rie d e m p loyees w ere obtained by dividing th eir stra ig h t-tim e sa la ry by n o rm a l rath er than actual h ou rs. 6 T ips o f W aiters and W a itre sse s In form a tion p resen ted on a v era g e h ou rly tips fo r w a iters (o r w a itr e sse s) rela te to the estim ated a v era g e fo r a ll such w o rk e rs on an establish m en t b a s is . T hese estim a tes w ere obtained fr o m in form a tion p rov id ed by establish m en t o ffic ia ls . One o f the co m m o n p ro ce d u re s u sed to obtain estim a te s o f a v era g e h ou rly tips fo r w aiters and w a itr e s s e s was to (1) m ultiply the g r o s s w eek ly r e c e ip ts fo r each o f the m ea l p e rio d s by the e m p lo y e e s estim ate o f the p ercen tag e o f g r o s s re c e ip ts r e c e iv e d in tips during each m ea l p e rio d , (2) sum these p rod u cts, and (3) divide by the a g grega te w eekly h ours w orked by a ll e m p lo y e e s in the occu p a tion . 6 A v era g e h ou rly ra tes o r earnings fo r each occu p a tion o r oth er grou ps o f e m p lo y e e s , such as m en, w om en, o r n o n s u p e rv is o ry e m p lo y e e s , w ere obtained by w eighting each rate (o r h ou rly earn in gs) by the num ber o f e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv in g the ra te. 51 In this p r o c e s s , a ccou n t was taken o f v a ria tio n in tipping patterns am ong the d iffe re n t serv in g lo ca tio n s o f the eating o r drinking p la ce (e . g. , lunch co u n te r, b a r, and dining r o o m ), as w ell as such in fo rm a l p r a c tic e s as the sharing o f tips with oth er e m p lo y e e s , such as bus b o y s. E stablish m en t P r a c tic e s and S upplem entary Wage P r o v is io n s Supplem entary b en efits and p r a c tic e s w ere tre a te d sta tistic a lly on the b a sis that if fo r m a l p ro v is io n s fo r su p p lem en tary b en efits and p r a c tic e s w e re a p p lica b le to h a lf o r m o r e o f the n o n s u p e rv is o ry , e x ce p t o ffic e , e m p lo y e e s (o r o ffic e e m p loyees) in an esta b lish m en t, the p r a c tic e s o r b en efits w e re c o n s id e r e d a p p lica b le to a ll such e m p lo y e e s . S im ila rly , if fe w e r than h alf o f the e m p lo y e e s w e re c o v e r e d , the p r a c tic e o r b en efit was c o n s id e r e d n onexistent in the esta b lish m en t. B e ca u se o f le n g t h -o f-s e r v ic e and oth er e lig ib ility r e q u ir e m en ts, the p ro p o r tio n o f e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv in g the ben efits m ay be s m a lle r than estim a ted . W eekly H o u r s . Data r e fe r to the predom in an t w ork sch ed u le fo r n o n s u p e rv is o ry , ex cep t o ff ic e , e m p lo y e e s (o r o ffic e em p lo y e e s) e m p loyed on the day shift, r e g a r d le s s o f s e x . P aid H o lid a y s. p rov id ed annually. P a id h oliday p r o v is io n s re la te to fu ll-d a y and h a lf-d a y h olidays P aid V a c a tio n s . The su m m a ry o f v a ca tion plans is lim ite d to fo r m a l a rra n g e m e n ts, exclu d in g in fo rm a l plans, w h ereb y tim e o ff with pay is gran ted at the d is c r e t io n o f the e m p lo y e r o r the s u p e r v is o r . P aym ents not on a tim e b a sis w ere con v erted ; fo r ex a m p le, a paym ent o f 2 p e rce n t o f annual earn in gs was c o n s id e r e d the equivalent o f 1 w e e k ’ s pay. The p e rio d s o f s e r v ic e fo r w hich data a re p re se n te d w ere se le c te d as re p re se n ta tiv e o f the m o st co m m o n p r a c tic e s , but they do not n e c e s s a r ily r e fle c t individual esta b lish m en t p r o v isio n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n . F o r exa m p le, the changes in p ro p o rtio n s in d ica ted at 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e in clude changes in p r o v is io n s w hich m ay have o c c u r r e d a fter 4 y e a r s . H ealth, In su ran ce, and P e n s io n P la n s . Data a re p re se n te d fo r a ll health, in su ra n ce , and p en sion plans fo r w hich a ll o r a part o f the c o s t is b orn e by the e m p lo y e r , exclu din g only p ro g ra m s re q u ire d by law , such as w ork m en ’ s com p en sa tion and s o c ia l s e c u r ity . A m ong the plans in clu d ed a re th ose u n d erw ritten by a c o m m e r c ia l in su ra n ce com p a n y and th ose paid d ir e c t ly by the “e m p lo y e r fr o m his cu rre n t op era tin g funds o r fr o m a fund set a sid e fo r this p u rp ose. Death b en efits a re in clu d ed as a fo r m o f life in su ra n ce . S ick n ess and a ccid e n t in su ra n ce is lim ite d to that type o f in su ra n ce under w hich p re d e te rm in e d ca sh paym ents a re m ade d ir e c t ly to the in su re d on a w eek ly o r m onthly b a sis during illn e s s o r a ccid e n t d isa b ility . In form a tion is p re se n te d fo r a ll such plans to w hich the e m p lo y e r con trib u tes at le a s t a p art o f the c o s t. M ed ica l in su ra n ce r e fe r s to plans p rov id in g fo r co m p le te o r p a rtia l paym ent o f d o c t o r s ’ fe e s . Such plans m a y be u nderw ritten by a c o m m e r c ia l in su ra n ce com p a n y o r n on p rofit org a n iza tion , o r they m ay be s e lf-in s u r e d . T abulations o f paid s ic k -le a v e plans a re lim ite d to fo r m a l plans w hich p ro v id e fu ll pay o r a p ro p o r tio n o f the pay during an e m p lo y e e ’ s a b sen ce b e ca u se o f illn e s s ; in fo rm a l arran g em en ts have been om itted . Separate tabulations a re p ro v id e d a c c o r d in g to (1) plans w hich p rov id e fu ll pay and no waiting p e rio d , and (2) plans p rovid in g eith er p a rtia l pay o r a w aiting p e rio d . C atastroph e in su ra n ce , s o m e tim e s r e fe r r e d to as extended m e d ic a l in su ra n ce , in clu d es the plans d esign ed to c o v e r e m p lo y e e s in c a se o f sick n e ss o r in ju ry in volvin g an e x pense w hich g oes beyond the n o rm a l c o v e r a g e o f h osp ita liza tion , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l plan s. T abulations o f re tire m e n t p en sion s a re lim ite d to plans w hich p ro v id e re g u la r p a y m ents upon re tire m e n t fo r the rem a in d er o f the e m p lo y e e ’ s life . N on produ ction B on u ses. N onproduction b on uses a re d efin ed fo r this study as b on uses that depend on fa c to r s oth er than the output o f the individual w o rk e r o r g rou p o f w o r k e r s . Plans that d e fe r paym ent beyond 1 y e a r w e re exclu d ed . Appendix B: Occupational Descriptions The p r im a r y p u rp ose o f p rep a rin g jo b d e s c r ip tio n s fo r the B ureau*s w age s u rv e y s is to a s s is t its fie ld staff in c la s s ify in g into a p p rop ria te occu p a tion s w o r k e r s who a re em p loyed under a v a rie ty o f p a y r o ll title s and d iffe re n t w o rk a rra n g em en ts fr o m esta b lish m en t to esta b lish m en t and fr o m a re a to a r e a . T h is is e sse n tia l in o r d e r to p e r m it the grouping o f occu p a tion a l w age ra te s re p re se n tin g co m p a ra b le jo b con ten t. B e ca u se o f this em p h a sis on in teresta b lish m en t and in te ra re a co m p a ra b ility o f o c c u p a tional content, the Bureau*s jo b d e sc r ip tio n s m ay d iffe r sig n ifica n tly fr o m those in use in individual esta b lish m en ts o r those p re p a re d fo r oth er p u r p o s e s . In applying these jo b d e s c r ip tio n s , the Bureau*s fie ld e c o n o m ists a r e in s tru cte d to ex clu d e w ork ing s u p e r v is o r s , a p p re n tice s, le a r n e r s , b e g in n e rs , tra in e e s, handicapped, p a r t-tim e , te m p o ra ry , and p rob a tion a ry w o r k e r s . BARTEN D ER M ix es and s e r v e s a lc o h o lic d rin k s, p ro p o rtio n in g in g red ien ts a c c o r d in g to fo r m u la s . May c o lle c t m on ey due fo r d rin k s. O rd e rs su p p lies. R e p la ce s em pty b e e r kegs with fu ll on es. W ashes g la s s e s , b a r , and equipm ent. A rra n g e s b ottled good s and g la s s e s about bar to m ake a ttra ctiv e d isp la y . F o r p u rp o se s o f this study, b a rte n d e rs a re c la s s ifie d a c c o r d in g to whether they a re p r im a r ily p re p a rin g d rin k s fo r w a ite r s (o r w a itr e s s e s ) to se r v e in v a rio u s dining r o o m s (s e r v ic e b a rs ) o r to be s e r v e d to the g e n e ra l p u b lic. B a rten d e rs (p u b lic b a r s ) B a rten d e rs (s e r v ic e b a r s ) BUS BOY (OR GIRL) P e r fo r m s such task s a s taking away c o u r s e s and d irty d ish es to k itchen , re p la cin g s o ile d table linen w ith cle a n lin en, rep len ish in g butter supply o f g u e sts, fillin g w a ter b o ttle s and g la s s e s , and b rin gin g c le a n s ilv e r w a r e to the dining r o o m . May sw eep and c le a n dining ro o m , dusting fu rn itu re and fix tu r e s . M ay p e r fo r m oth er tasks such as w ashing d ish e s, setting ta b le s, clea n in g and p olish in g s ilv e r w a r e , and p re p a rin g c o ffe e . CASHIER R e c e iv e s m on ey fr o m c u s to m e r s o r w a ite rs and w a itr e s s e s in paym ent o f fo o d c h e ck s ; m ak es n e c e s s a r y ch ange; and b a la n ces c a s h r e c e iv e d again st c a s h r e g is t e r o r oth er r e c o r d o f r e c e ip t s . M ay c a s h c h e c k s . M ay m ake a u th orized d isb u rse m e n ts. CHECKER-CASH IER E n ters the am ount o f ea ch p u rch a se , totals b ill, c o lle c t s m on ey , and m ak es ch ange. B alan ces ca sh r e c e iv e d again st ca s h r e g is t e r . May m ake a u th orized d isb u rse m e n ts. Found p rin cip a lly in c a fe t e r ia s . 53 54 CHECKER, FOOD C hecks quantities of food on w aiters* or cu sto m e rs* trays and en ters amount due on ch e ck , o r in ca sh r e g is t e r , or oth erw ise tabulates the p r ic e of each individual o r d e r or p ortion o f food . May be found either in c a fe te r ia s or in oth er resta u ra n ts. COOK, ASSISTAjNT « J« W ork s 'anldfetfifift¥ ie*H fc¥d A3fclpervision PF -a: headr^frook* ep&ration o f food , and oth erw ise r<:li^v^yi<?6<flk:s7;b f i<Mitlfi&rd u tie s.: -' : W e a k e r s 'ih th i^ ^ la s M fic k tio ^ a re frequ en tly design ated a c c o r d i n g 86*’'fhefii* p o sitio n , stidh' a s ’ rb a st cob k j V egetable co o k , and fry co o k , etc. COOK, HEAD s^gdrier&l /s^a‘per*v4siori over kitchen’'actiVitib^'dn the preparation of complete ExercisJeS DngfstS1 fof H ^mb'St^bff Jthej!following! Plail'sS-' mehus'; mehtrs'; ’■ ’estiniated e stiniated jsuppli supplies needed m e a ls. W ork congistte’1 --*of m 6:3t^<bff Jthej!fo llo w in g ! !!Plaii^-' and m ak es requ .sd^ic^sr;;,jdiiTects* ; 3#$d: a s s is ts ass'ibta'nt cb o k s a s s ig n e d 1 to* S p ecific stations (e. g. , ro a s t co^ks^' -VengOffable ’and fry eod k s); and s iip e r v is e s ■the iwork o f oth ers in the kitchen. E xclu de ex ecu tiv e ch efs in la r g e r esta b lish m en ts who have su p e rv isio n o v e r s e v e ra l k itch en s, and sh o rt-o r d e r c o o k s who are not co n ce rn e d with the p rep a ra tion o f co m p le te m e a ls. COOK,. spQ PTiQ JBBER [Cc«)Ksp_tpo c^a^rgi- s t | ^ vL,jg}jop,s, c u tle ts, , a“ 4€fciX jPESBSEWi fQQd/HMay se r v e to' w a fters o r to C ustom ers ov e r cou n ter. May a lso s e r y e r 9a s* ^ uys, j sa u ce s, o r v eg eta b le s fro m a steam table. M ost com m on ly found in c a fe t e r ia s , lu n ch ro o m s, g r ills , c o ffe e sh op s, ta v ern s, and sim ila r e sta b lish m en ts. COUN T B K 1A T TKN PAN T S erves food to cu s to m e r s in a ca fe te r ia by makings ifp: qrc^erc from,:. gbaaEptf table or c a fe te r ia lin e, at the cu stom er*s d ire ctio n . Tends to the n.e^]tpess:aif9.prberlanei%S:.;C:pf equ ip m ent. May p e r fo r m v a rio u s tasks in the p rep a ra tion o f fdo^ 7' ^'u'ch“ as p rep a rin g Toast, hot ca k e s, w a ffle s , e g g s , san d w iches, o r b e v e ra g e s in c a fe t e r ia s . E xclude attendant w orking behind a cou n ter w h ere c u s to m e r s are seated. dqshws, ’gdkfe s w.anpe9 ^pQPS', a n d &h s ; haYid - o h ‘ m ’a chltieY " <jM clf, -m ^ (fd itio n ^ assiistf F^j^rf^jp o ptes ta sk a subfclasracritteanrng and? pjreparirig* ’VdgeTabfrbs, 3 h&nd$in&'. sUppHe s / HOSTESS G reets and seats c u s to m e r s . May s u p e rv ise the a ctiv itie s of w a ite rs and bus b oys g e r v ic e . E x c te d g ^ ,w*uterg> fr^ m rrth to v tla a ftifica tio n . lb c o\n1or 1 n srn y^ f °n f ztsri 1o 1 o *r 9 :i s i g t# 1 ri s KITCHEN H E L ^ S y 1' P e r fo r m s routine cook in g duties to a s s is t c o o k s and a ssista n t cook5.[H'3KofrK' ikteluflibs£; such tasks as p rep a rin g v e g eta b les fo r cook in g by clean in g and chopping, cutting^' of~ g rin d in g them; washing and clean in g m eat; watching and stirrin g food that is cook in g ; strainin g soups i^^kifig;i^oa^feaxLdIlBeverages. M a^ alisd*W 4^ tfteJw W kf a ^ b a ^ fe lii^ b y scouring* war,k-jtableSrraaMk Jiaea* ^l©skisi,offcrtjaa»ihg r e f r i g e r a t t o t e s ^ ?c a ^ ty ih g r cfiit- JraVb‘kg¥> .'c ' ' ~‘riLlh 55 P AN TR Y M AN (Pant ry w om an) P r e p a r e s one o r m o re fo o d o r b e v e ra g e ite m s, san d w ich es, and s e r v e s them to w a ite rs as req u ested . such as sa la d s, fru it c o c k ta ils , PORTER K eeps the p r e m is e s o f the establish m en t clea n and r e m o v e s tra sh . May supply the v a rio u s departm en ts w ith stock o r oth er su p p lies. May a lso ba le w aste p ap er and wash d isp lay c a s e s . W AITER (OR W AITRESS) S erv es fo o d a n d /o r b e v e r a g e s to p a tron s, in addition, u su ally takes o r d e r fr o m patron and m ak es out ch e ck . May set table (o r cou n ter) with lin en and s ilv e r w a r e and take paym ent fr o m patron . Only re g u la r w a ite rs (w a itr e s s e s ) a re included; and e x tr a -m e a l w a ite rs, banquet w a ite r s , ca p ta in s, and head w a ite rs a re e x clu d e d . F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , w a ite rs and w a itr e s s e s a re c la s s ifie d a c c o r d in g to their p redom in an t p la ce o f s e r v ic e , as fo llo w s ; C ar w a ite rs C ounter w a ite rs T able w a ite rs Other (including tra y w a ite rs ) IN D U S T R Y W ^G E S T U D IE S The following reports cover part of the B u reau's p rogram of industry wage su rv eys. These reports cover the period 1950 to date and m ay be obtained free upon request as long as a supply is available. However, those for which a p rice is shown are available only from the Superintendent of Docum ents, U. S. Governm ent Printing O ffice, Washington 2 5, D. C. , or any of its regional sales o ffices. I. Occupational Wage Studies M anufacturing Apparel M en 's D re ss Shirts and Nightwear, 1950 Series 2 , No. 80 M en 's and B o y s' D re ss Shirts and Nightwear, 1954 BLS Report No. 74 * M en 's and B o y s ' Shirts (Except Work Shirts) and Nightwear, 1956 - BLS R eport No. 116 M en 's and B o y s ' Shirts (Except W ork Shirts) and Nightwear, 1961 - BLS B u ll. No. 1323 (40 cents) M en 's and B o y s ' Suits and Coats, 1958 BLS R eport No. 140 W om en 's and M is s e s ' Coats and Suits, 1957 BLS Report No. 122 W om en 's and M is s e s ' D r e s s e s , I960 BLS R eport No. 193 Work Clothing, 1953 - BLS R eport No. 51 W ork Clothing, 1961 - BLS Bull. 1321 (35 cents) * W ork S h irts, 1955 and 1956 - BLS Report No. 115 * W ork Shirts, 1957 - BLS R eport No. 124 Chemicals and Petroleum F e r tiliz e r , 1 9 4 9 -5 0 - Series 2, No. 77 * F e r tiliz e r Manufacturing, 1955 and 1956 BLS Report No. I l l * F e rtiliz e r Manufacturing, 1957 - BLS Report No. 132 Industrial C h em icals, 1951 - S eries 2 , No. 87 Industrial C h em icals, 1955 - BLS Report No. 103 Paints and V arn ish es, 1961 - BLS B u ll. No. 1318 (30 cents) P etroleum Production and Refining, 1951 S eries 2 , No. 83 P etroleum Refining, 1959 - BLS R eport No. 158 Synthetic F ib e r s , 1958 - BLS Report No. 143 Food Candy and Other Confectionery P roducts, I960 BLS R eport No. 195 * Canning and F re e zin g , 1955 and 1956 BLS R eport No. 117 * Canning and F re e zin g, 1957 - BLS R eport No. 136 D istilled L iq u ors, 1952 - Series 2 , No. 88 Fluid M ilk Industry, I9 6 0 - BL S R eport No. 174 ♦ Raw Sugar, 1955 and 1956 - BLS R eport No. 117 ♦ Raw Sugar, 1957 - BLS Report No. 136 Leather F ootw ear, 1953 - BL S R eport No. 46 ♦ Footw ear, 1955 and 1956 - BLS R eport No. 115 F ootw ear, 1957 - BL S R eport No. 133 Leather Tanning and Finishing, 1954 BL S R eport No. 80 Leather Tanning and Finishing, 1959 BL S R eport No. 150 Lumber and Furniture Household Furniture, 1954 - BLS R eport No. 76 Lum ber in the South, 1949 and 1950 - Series 2 , No. 76 Southern Lum ber Industry, 1953 - BL S Report No. 45 ♦ SouthernSaw m ills, 1955 and 1956 - BLS R eport No. 113 ♦ SouthernSaw m ills, 1957 - BLS R eport No. 130 W est Coast Saw m illing, 1952 - BL S R eport No. 7 W est Coast Saw m illing, 1959 - BLS Report No. 156 Wood Household Furniture, Except U pholstered, 1959 BLS R eport No. 152 ♦ Wooden Containers, 1955 and 1956 BLS R eport No. 115 ♦ Wooden C ontainers, 1957 - BL S R eport No. 126 ♦ Studies of the effects of the $1 m inim um . Paper and A llied Products Pulp, P ap er, and Paperboard, 1952 - S eries 2 , No. 91 Primary M etals, Fabricated Metal Products and Machinery B a sic Iron and S teel, 1951 - S eries 2, No. 81 Fabricated Structural S teel, 1957 - BLS Report No. 123 G ray Iron F oundries, 1959 - BLS Report No. 151 N onferrous F oundries, 1951 - Series 2 , No. 82 Nonferrous F oundries, I960 - BLS Report No. 180 M achinery Ind ustries, 1 9 5 3 -5 4 BLS Bu ll. No. 1160 (40 cents) M achinery Ind ustries, 1 9 5 4 -5 5 - BLS Report No. 93 M achinery Manufacturing, 1 9 5 5 -56 - BLS Report No. 107 M achinery Manufacturing, 1 9 5 7 -58 - BLS Report No. 139 M achinery kManufacturing, 1 9 5 8 -5 9 - BLS Report No. 147 M achinery Manufacturing, 1 9 5 9 -6 0 - BLS Report No. 170 M achinery M anufacturing, 1961 - BLS B ull. No. 1309 (30 cents) Radio, T elevision , and Related Prod ucts, 1951 Series 2, No. 84 Steel F oundries, 1951 - S eries 2, No. 85 Rubber and P lastics Products M iscellaneous P la stic s Products, I960 BLS Report No. 168 Stone, C lay, and G lass P re s s e d or Blown G la ss and G la ssw a re , I960 BLS Report No. 177 Structural Clay P rod u cts, 1954 - B L S R eport No. 77 Structural Clay P rod u cts, I960 - BLS R eport No. 172 Textiles Cotton T e xtile s, 1954 - BLS R eport No. 82 Cotton T e x tile s, I960 - BL S R eport No. 184 Cotton and Synthetic T e x tile s, 1952 - S e ries 2 , No. 89 H o sie ry , 1952 - BLS R eport No. 34 M iscellaneous T e x tile s, 1953 - BL S Report No. 56 ♦ P ro ce sse d W aste, 1955 and 1956 - BLS Report No. 115 ♦ P ro ce sse d W aste, 1957 - BLS R eport No. 124 ♦ S eam less H o sie ry , 1955 and 1956 - BLS Report No. 112 ♦ S eam less H o siery , 1957 - BLS Report No. 129 Synthetic T e x tile s, 1954 - BLS R eport No. 87 Synthetic T e x tile s, I960 - BL S R eport.N o. 192 Textile Dyeing and Finishing, 1956 - BL S R ep ortN o. 110 T extile Dyeing and Finishing, 1961 BLS B u ll. 1311 (35 cents) Woolen and W orsted T e x tile s , 1952 - S e ries 2 , No. 90 W ool T e x tile s, 1957 - BLS Report No. 134 Tobacco Cigar M anufacturing, 1955 - BLS R eport No. 97 ♦ Cigar M anufacturing, 1956 - BL S R eport N o . 117 Cigar Manufacturing, 1961 - BL S B u ll. 1317 (30 cents) Cigarette Manufacturing, I9 6 0 - B L S R eport No. 167 ♦ T o ba cco Stem ming and R edrying, 1955 and 1956 BL S R eport No. 117 ♦ Tobacco Stem ming and R edrying, 1957 BLS Report No. 136 Transportation M otor Vehicles and P a r ts , 1950 - BLS Bull. No. 1015 (20 cents) M otor Vehicles and M otor Vehicle P a r ts , 1957 BLS R eport No. 128 R ailroad C a rs , 152 - S e ries 2 , No. 86 I. Occupational Wage Studies— Continued S on m an u factu rin g Auto D ealer Repair Shops, 1958 - BLS Report No. 141 Banking Industry, I960 - BLS Report No. 179 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Production, 1960 BLS Report No. 181 Department and W om en 's R e a d y -to -W e a r S tores, I960 S eries 2, No. 78 E lectric and Gas U tilities, 1950 - Series 2, No. 79 E lectric and Gas U tilities, 1952 - BLS Report No. E lectric and Gas U tilities, 1957 - BLS Report No. H ospitals, 1960 - BLS Bull. No. 1294 (50 cents) H otels, 1960 - BLS Report No. 173 Power Laundries and Dry C lea n ers, I960 BLS Report No. 178 12 135 II. Other Industry Wage Studies Communications W o rk e rs, Earnings in October 1956 - BLS Report No. 121 Communications W ork e rs, Earnings in October 1957 - BLS Report No. 138 Communications W ork e rs, Earnings in October 1958 - BLS Report No. 149 Communications W o rk e rs, Earnings in October 1959 - BLS Report No. 171 Com m unications, October I960 - BLS B u ll. No. 1306 (20 cents) Factory W o rk e r s' Earnings - Distributions by S tra igh t-T im e Hourly E arnings, 1954 - BLS B ull. No. 1 179 (25 cents) Factory W o rk e rs' Earnings - 5 Industry Groups, 1956 - BLS Report No. 118 Factory W o rk e rs' Earnings - Distribution by S tra igh t-T im e Hourly Earnings, 1958 - BLS B ull. No. 1252 (40 cents) Factory W o rk e rs' Earnings - Selected Manufacturing Industries, 1959 - BLS Bull. No. 1275 (35 cents) Wages in Nonm etropolitan A r e a s , South and North Central R egions, October I960 - BLS Report No. 190 R etail T rade, Em ployee Earnings in October 1956: Initial Report - BLS Report No. 119 (30 cents) Building M aterials and F arm Equipment Dealers - BLS Bull. No. 1220-1 (20 cents) G eneral M erchandise Stores - BLS Bull. No. 1 2 2 0 -2 (35 cents) Food Stores - BLS Bull. No. 1 2 2 0 -3 (30 cents) Automotive D ealers and Gasoline Service Stations - BLS Bull. No. 1 2 2 0 -4 (35 cents) A pparel and A c c e s s o r ie s Stores - BLS Bull. No. 12 2 0 -5 (45 cents) Furniture, Home F urnishings, and Appliance Stores - BLS Bull. No. 1 2 2 0 -6 (35 cents) Drug Stores and Proprietary Stores - BLS Bull. No. 1 2 20-7 (15 cents) Sum m ary Report - BLS B ull. No. 1220 (55 cents) Regional Offices U. S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics 18 O liver Street Boston 10, M a ss. U. S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics 1371 Peachtree S treet, NE, Atlanta 9, Ga. U. S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics 341 Ninth Avenue New York 1, N. Y . U. S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics 105 W est Adam s Street Chicago 3, 111. U. S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics 630 Sansome Street San F ran cisco 11, Calif. * U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING CFFICE : 1962 0 — 643111
@FedFRASER