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INDUSTRY WAGE SURVEY




COTTON TEXTILES
I
SEPTEMBER 1965

B u lle tin No. 1 5 0 6
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner

INDUSTRY WAGE SURVEY
COTTON TEXTILES
SEPTEMBER 1965

Bulletin No. 1506
J u ly 1966

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 2 0 4 0 2 - Price 4 0 cents










Preface
T h is b u lle tin s u m m a riz e s the re s u lts of a B u re au of
L a b o r S ta tis tic s s u rv e y of w ages and su p p le m e n ta ry b e n e ­
fits in the co tto n te x tile in d u s try in S e p te m b e r 1965.
A p re lim in a ry r e le a s e , p ro v id in g n a tio n a l and r e ­
g io n al in fo rm a tio n , w as is s u e d in e a rly 1966. S e p a ra te
r e le a s e s w e re a lso is s u e d e a r lie r , u su a lly w ithin a few
m o n th s of the p a y ro ll p e rio d stu d ied , fo r New E n g lan d
and the follow ing S tates and a re a s : A lab am a, G e o rg ia ,
N o rth C a ro lin a , South C a ro lin a , T e x a s, C h a rlo tte , N . C. ,
G re e n v ille -S p a rta n b u rg , S. C. , and S ta te s v ille , N . C. C o p ­
ie s of th e se re le a s e s a r e a v a ila b le fro m the B u re au of
L ab o r S ta tis tic s , W ash in g to n, D. C. , 20212, o r any of its
re g io n a l o ffic e s.
The stu d y w as co n d ucted in the B u re a u ’s D iv isio n
of O ccu p atio n al P a y , T oivo P . K anninen, C hief, u n d e r the
g e n e ra l d ire c tio n of L . R . L in s e n m a y e r, A s s is ta n t C o m ­
m is s io n e r, O ffice of W ages and In d u s tria l R e la tio n s. The
a n a ly sis w as p re p a re d by G eo rg e L . S tellu to , u n d e r the
im m e d ia te su p e rv is io n of L . E a r l L ew is. F ie ld w o rk fo r
the s u rv e y w as d ire c te d by the A s s is ta n t R egio n al D ire c ­
to r s fo r W ages and In d u s tria l R e la tio n s.
O th er re p o rts a v a ila b le fro m the B u re a u 's p ro g ra m
of in d u s try w age s tu d ie s , as w ell as the a d d re s s e s of the
B u re a u 's six re g io n a l o ffic e s, a r e lis te d a t the end of th is
b u lle tin .

iii




Page
S u m m a ry -----------------------------------I n d u s tr y c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s _____________________________________________________________
L o c a tio n ________________
T y pe of m i l l _________________________________________________________________________
P r o d u c ts ____________________________________________________________________________
M ill s iz e ____________________________________________________________________________
U n io n iz a tio n _________________________________________________________________________
M e th o d of w ag e p a y m e n t _________________________________________________________
S ex ___________________________________________________________________________________
A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s _____________________________________________________________
O c c u p a tio n a l e a r n i n g s ________________________________________________________________
E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s an d s u p p le m e n ta r y w ag e p ro v is io n s __________________
S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s ___________________________________________________________
S h ift p r o v is io n s an d p r a c t i c e s ___________________________________________________
P a id h o lid a y s _______________________________________________________________________
P a id v a c a t i o n s ______________________________________________________________________
H e a lth , in s u r a n c e , an d r e t i r e m e n t p l a n s ______________________________________
P r o f it - s h a r i n g p l a n s _______________________________________________________________

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T a b le s :
A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s :
1. B y s e le c te d c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s _____________________________________________

8

E a rn in g s d is tr ib u tio n :
2. A ll m ills b y ty p e o f y a r n _________________________________________________
3. A ll m ills b y ty p e o f y a rn — m e n _________________________________________
4. A ll m ills b y ty p e o f y a r n — w o m e n ______________________________________
5. A ll m ills b y ty p e o f m i l l __________________________________________________
6. W eav in g an d in te g r a te d m ills b y ty p e of f a b r i c ______________________
7. Y a rn m ills b y ty p e o f y a r n ______________________________________________
8. F in is h in g an d f a b r ic a tin g d e p a r tm e n ts ________________________________

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O c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e s :
9. A ll m ills ____________________________________________________________________
10. A ll m ills b y ty p e o f y a r n _________________________________________________
11. A ll m ills b y ty p e o f m ill _________________________________________________
12. W eav in g an d in te g r a te d m ills b y ty p e of f a b r i c ______________________
13. A ll m ills b y s iz e o f c o m m u n ity _________________________________________
14. A ll m ills b y s iz e o f e s ta b lis h m e n t _____________________________________
15. A ll m ills b y m e th o d o f w ag e p a y m e n t _________________________________

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v

Contents— Continued
Page
T a b le s — C o n tin u e d
O c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s :
16. A la b a m a ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------17. C h a r lo tte , N. C -------------------------------------------------------------------18. G e o r g i a ----------------------------------19. G re e n v i 11e - S p a r ta n b u r g , S. C ---------------------------------------------------------------20. N o rth C a r o lin a ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21. S o u th C a r o lin a ------------------------------22. S ta te s v ille , N . C --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23. T e x a s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c tic e s an d s u p p le m e n ta r y w ag e p r o v is io n s :
24. M eth o d of w ag e p a y m e n t ------------------------------25. S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s --------------------------------------------------------------------------26. S h ift d if f e r e n tia l p r o v is io n s -------------27. S h ift d if f e r e n tia l p r a c t i c e s ----------------------------------------------------------------------28. P a id h o lid a y s -------------------------29. P a id v a c a tio n s — p la n t w o r k e r s --------------------30. P a id v a c a tio n s — o ffic e w o r k e r s --------------------------------------------------------------31. H e a lth , in s u r a n c e , an d r e t i r e m e n t p l a n s ---------------------------------------------32. P r o f it - s h a r i n g p l a n s --------------------------------------------------------------

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A p p e n d ix e s :
A. S co p e an d m e th o d of s u r v e y --------------------------------------------------------------------------B . O c c u p a tio n a l d e s c r ip tio n s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------




vi

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Industry Wage Survey
Cotton Textiles, September 1965

S u m m a ry
S tr a ig h t- tim e h o u r ly e a rn in g s of
te x tile m ills a v e ra g e d $ 1 .7 4 an h o u r
2 1 9 ,4 7 7 w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in r e g u la r
th e s u rv e y e a rn e d b e tw e e n $ 1 .2 5 an d
w o r k e r s e a rn e d fro m $ 1 .5 3 to $ 1 .9 4 .

p ro d u c tio n an d r e la te d w o r k e r s in c o tto n
in S e p te m b e r 1965. 1 N e a rly a ll of th e
te x tile o p e r a tio n s 2 o f m ills c o v e re d by
$ 2 .5 0 an h o u r; th e m id d le h a lf o f th e s e

W o rk e rs in th e S o u th e a s t re g io n a c c o u n te d fo r 94 p e r c e n t of th e in d u s tr y 's
la b o r fo rc e an d a v e r a g e d $ 1 .7 4 an h o u r . N ew E n g la n d w o r k e r s a v e ra g e d $ 1 .8 2 ,
an d th o s e in th e S o u th w e st, $ 1 .5 3 . E a rn in g s a ls o v a r ie d by c o m m u n ity s iz e ,
s iz e and ty p e of m ill, ty p e of p r o d u c t, an d o c c u p a tio n .
N a tio n w id e a v e r a g e s a m o n g th e jo b s s e le c te d fo r s e p a r a te s tu d y ra n g e d
fro m $ 1 .4 5 fo r j a n it o r s to $ 2 . 38 fo r J a c q u a r d lo o m f i x e r s . R in g - f r a m e s p in n e r s
an d w e a v e r s — tw o n u m e r ic a lly im p o r ta n t o c c u p a tio n s — a v e ra g e d $ 1 .7 0 an d $ 2 an
h o u r , r e s p e c tiv e ly .
P a id v a c a tio n s , a s w e ll a s v a rio u s ty p e s of h e a lth an d in s u r a n c e b e n e f its ,
w e re p ro v id e d by e s ta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g n e a r ly a ll of th e w o r k e r s .
In d u s try C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s
C o tto n te x tile m ills w ith in s c o p e of th e s u rv e y e m p lo y e d 2 4 0 ,9 9 6 3 p r o d u c ­
tio n w o r k e r s in S e p te m b e r 1965. T h is w as ab o u t 2 p e r c e n t b elo w th e e m p lo y m e n t
le v e l in M ay 1 9 63 , w h en th e B u re a u c o n d u c te d a s im i la r s tu d y . 4 A v e ra g e w e e k ly
h o u r s fo r p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s , h o w e v e r, w e re n e a r ly 5 p e r c e n t g r e a t e r in S e p ­
te m b e r 1965 th a n d u rin g th e e a r l i e r p e r io d . 5 T h e p ro d u c tio n of c o tto n b r o a d w o v en g o o d s fo r th e f i r s t t h r e e - q u a r t e r s o f 1965 w as n e a r ly 6 p e r c e n t ab o v e
th e c o rre s p o n d in g p e r io d fo r 1963. 6 A t l e a s t p a r t of th is in c r e a s e w a s th e
r e s u l t of th e in s ta lla tio n of n ew an d im p ro v e d e q u ip m e n t. C o tto n te x tile p r o ­
d u c e r s , to g e th e r w ith o th e r m a n u f a c tu r e r s in th e te x tile m ill p ro d u c ts fa m ily ,
in v e s te d ab o u t $1 b illio n in p la n s an d e q u ip m e n t in 1 9 6 5 .7 S lig h tly m o r e th a n
h a lf o f th is a m o u n t w a s fo r m o d e r n iz a tio n of e x is tin g p la n t f a c ilitie s an d th e
r e m a in d e r w as s p e n t fo r e x p a n s io n .8
1 See appendix A for scope and method of survey. Wage data in this report exclude premium pay for over­
tim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
2 Data for an estimated 21,519 workers employed in bleaching, cloth dyeing and finishing, and fabricating
departments are excluded from the earnings tabulations for workers in regular textile departments and are presented
separately. (See table 8 . )
3 Data relate to all production workers including those in the bleaching, cloth dyeing and finishing, and
fabricating departments.
4 See Industry Wage Survey: Cotton Textiles, May 1963 (BLS Bulletin 1410, 1964).
3 According to the Bureau's employment and earnings series, production workers in the cotton broadwoven
fabrics industry averaged 42.5 hours a week in September 1965 compared with 40.6 hours in May 1963.
^ Current Industrial Reports— Cotton Broadwoven Goods, Series: M22T. 1, 1964 and 1st, 2d, and 3d quarters
1965, U. S. Bureau of the Census.
7 Data from Securities and Exchange Commission, Statistical Series, Release 2092.
® For more detail on technological developments and implications, see Technological Trends in Major American
Industries, "The Textile Mill Products Industry" (BLS Bulletin 1474, 1966).




2

T he F e d e r a l G o v e rn m e n t's Mo n e - p r i c e n c o tto n s y s te m im p ro v e d c o tto n 's
c o m p e titiv e p o s itio n w ith o th e r te x tile f ib e r s an d m a t e r i a l s . T h e A g r ic u ltu r a l
A ct o f 1964 p ro v id e d fo r th e e q u a liz a tio n of th e d o m e s tic - e x p o r t c o s t of U .S .
c o tto n ; th e p r o v is io n b e c a m e e ffe c tiv e in A u g u st 1964 an d e x te n d s th ro u g h J u ly
1966. P r i o r to th e le g is la tio n , d o m e s tic c o tto n te x tile m a n u f a c tu r e r s h ad p a id
8 V2 c e n ts p e r p o u n d m o r e th a n th e e x p o rt p r i c e of c o tto n . 9
L o c a tio n . T h e S o u th e a s t re g io n a c c o u n te d fo r 94 p e r c e n t of th e p ro d u c tio n
w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e of th e s u rv e y ; a la r g e m a jo r ity of th e s o u th e a s te r n w o r k e r s
w e re in fo u r S ta te s — A la b a m a , G e o rg ia , N o rth C a r o lin a , an d S o u th C a ro lin a .
N ew E n g la n d e m p lo y e d 3 p e r c e n t of th e in d u s tr y ’s la b o r f o r c e an d th e S o u th w e st
re g io n , 2 p e r c e n t. M o st of th e e m p lo y m e n t in th e l a t te r re g io n w as in T e x a s .
M e tr o p o lita n a r e a s 10 c o n ta in e d n e a r ly a fo u rth of th e in d u s tr y 's la b o r f o r c e .
T h e p ro p o r tio n s w e re n e a r ly a h a lf in N ew E n g la n d an d a b o u t a fo u rth in th e
S o u th e a s t an d S o u th w e st re g io n s .
T y pe o f M ill. T h r e e ty p e s of m ills w e re in c lu d e d in th e s u rv e y . I n te ­
g r a te d m i l l s , w h ic h h a v e b o th sp in n in g an d w e a v in g o p e r a tio n s , e m p lo y e d a b o u t
f o u r - f if th s of th e m ill w o r k e r s in th e S o u th e a s t re g io n , n e a r ly a ll of th o s e in
th e S o u th w e st, an d t h r e e - f o u r th s of th o s e in N ew E n g la n d . Y a rn m i l l s — th o s e
lim ite d to s p in n in g y a r n o r th r e a d — w e re m o s tly in th e S o u th e a s t re g io n , w h e re
th e y a c c o u n te d fo r n e a r ly a fifth of th e la b o r f o r c e . W eav in g m ills e m p lo y e d
a b o u t 2 p e r c e n t of th e p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s .
P r o d u c t s . C o tto n te x tile m ills p ro d u c e a v a r ie ty of y a r n s an d f a b r i c s ,
w h ic h fa ll in to tw o g e n e r a l g ro u p in g s , b a s e d on th e ty p e of y a r n (c a r d e d o r
co m b ed ) sp u n o r u s e d in w e a v in g . 11 In N ew E n g la n d and th e S o u th e a s t re g io n ,
a b o u t f o u r - f if th s of th e in te g r a te d m ill e m p lo y m e n t w as in p la n ts p ro d u c in g
c a r d e d - y a r n f a b r i c s ; 12 s u c h p la n ts a c c o u n te d fo r a ll of th e w o r k e r s in in te g r a te d
m ills in th e S o u th w e st re g io n . O v e r n in e - te n th s of th e i n d u s tr y ’s w o r k e r s w e re
in p la n ts in w h ic h a ll o r m o s t of th e p r o d u c ts w e re m a d e e n tir e ly of c o tto n
f ib e r s . P la n ts p r i m a r i l y m a n u fa c tu rin g p r o d u c ts of c o tto n and s y n th e tic f ib e r s
(b le n d s) 13 a c c o u n te d fo r s lig h tly m o r e th a n a s ix th of th e w o r k e r s in N ew E n g la n d
an d le s s th a n a te n th in th e S o u th e a s t an d S o u th w e st r e g io n s .
M ill S iz e . N e a rly s e v e n - te n th s of th e in te g r a te d m ills e m p lo y e d b e tw e e n
250 an d 1 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s an d a few h ad a s m a n y a s 2 ,5 0 0 w o r k e r s . T h e fo llo w in g
ta b u la tio n sh o w s th a t y a r n and w e a v in g m ills u s u a lly h a d fe w e r w o r k e r s th a n
in te g r a te d m ills .
Integrated
mills
Mills employing—
Less than 1 0 0 --------100-249-----------------250-499-----------------500-999-----------------1,000-2,499 ----------2, 500 or m o r e --------

—

Yarn
mills

301

All m ills --------------

Weaving
mills
37

219

20
11

112

44
127
80
46
4

5
1

49
45

-

11
2

-

-

America's Textile Reporter, March 18, 1965, "Cotton Forges Ahead Under 1964 Law: ATMI. "
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas, as defined by the U.S. Bureau of the Budget through March 1965.
H See appendix A for descriptions of carded and combed yarns.
12 In the Bureau's August 1960 survey workers in combed-yarn fabric mills outnumbered those in carded-yarn
fabric mills by nearly 2 to 1 in New England; employment in the region was nearly equally divided between the
two types of m ills, according to the Bureau's May 1963 survey.
13 Mills manufacturing textiles from a mixture of cotton and synthetic fibers were included in the survey if
mixture contents were predominantly cotton.
9
10




3

U n io n iz a tio n . M ills h a v in g c o lle c tiv e b a rg a in in g a g r e e m e n ts c o v e rin g a
m a jo r ity o f th e ir p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d a s ix th of th e i n d u s t r y ^ la b o r
f o r c e . T h e p r o p o r tio n s w e re n e a r ly s e v e n -e ig h th s in N ew E n g la n d , 4 t h r e e te n th s in th e S o u th w e s t, an d a b o u t an e ig h th in th e S o u th e a s t. N o rth C a r o lin a ,
S o u th C a r o lin a , an d V irg in ia a c c o u n te d fo r f o u r - f if th s of th e w o r k e r s in u n io n ­
iz e d m ills in th e S o u th e a s t re g io n . T h e m a jo r u n io n s in th e in d u s tr y a r e th e
T e x tile W o rk e rs U n io n o f A m e r ic a an d th e U n ite d T e x tile W o rk e rs o f A m e r ic a .
M eth o d o f W age P a y m e n t. T w o -th ird s o f th e in d u s tr y ’s p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s
w e r e p a id tim e r a t e s , u s u a lly u n d e r f o r m a l s y s te m s p ro v id in g a s in g le r a t e fo r
a g iv e n o c c u p a tio n (ta b le 24). In c e n tiv e m e th o d s of w ag e p a y m e n t, n e a r ly a lw a y s
in d iv id u a l p ie c e r a t e s , a p p lie d to s lig h tly m o r e th a n tw o -fifth s o f th e w o r k e r s in
N ew E n g la n d , a th ir d in th e S o u th e a s t, an d a fo u rth in th e S o u th w e st. S p in n in g f r a m e d o f f e r s , w e a v e r s , an d y a r n w in d e rs w e re u s u a lly p a id u n d e r in c e n tiv e
w ag e s y s te m s . T h e in d u s tr y u s e s a m e th o d of w ag e p a y m e n t k n ow n a s ’’s id e
h o u r , ” w h ic h p ro v id e s fo r w o r k e r s to b e p a id v a ry in g r a t e s d e p e n d in g on th e
n u m b e r of p o s itio n s o r m a c h in e s te n d e d . W o rk e rs p a id u n d e r th e " s id e h o u r ”
s y s te m w e re c o n s id e r e d a s tim e r a te d fo r w ag e s u r v e y p u r p o s e s .
S e x . M en a c c o u n te d f o r a b o u t t h r e e - f if th s o f th e in d u s tr y ’s p ro d u c tio n
w o r k e r s an d w e re p re d o m in a n t in s u c h jo b s a s c a r d te n d e r s , s p in n in g - f r a m e
d o ffe rs and t e n d e r s , an d s la s h e r an d s lu b b e r t e n d e r s , a s w e ll a s in p la n t m a in te ­
n a n c e w o rk . W o m en , c o m p r is e d a la r g e m a jo r ity of th e b a tte r y h a n d s , r in g f r a m e s p in n e r s , an d y a r n w in d e r s . M en an d w o m e n w e r e e m p lo y e d in a b o u t
e q u a l n u m b e rs a s w e a v e r s , b u t w e r e , to s o m e e x te n t, te n d in g th e o p e r a tio n of
d if f e r e n t ty p e s o f lo o m s . F o r e x a m p le , m e n a c c o u n te d f o r t h r e e - f o u r t h s of th e
J a q u a r d - lo o m w e a v e r s , w h e re a s n e a r ly th r e e - f if th s of th e p la in - lo o m w e a v e rs
w e re w o m e n .
A v e ra g e H o u rly E a rn in g s
S tr a ig h t- tim e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s in c o tto n te x tile m ills
a v e ra g e d $ 1 .7 4 in S e p te m b e r 1965 (ta b le l ) . 15 T h is w as n e a r ly 14 p e r c e n t ab o v e
th e a v e ra g e ( $ 1 .5 3 ) r e c o r d e d in M ay 1963. 16 I n c r e a s e s in a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n ­
in g s d u rin g th e p e r io d a m o u n te d to a b o u t 11 p e r c e n t in N ew E n g la n d , n e a r ly
13 p e r c e n t in th e S o u th w e s t, an d a p p ro x im a te ly 15 p e r c e n t in th e S o u th e a s t. M o s t
N ew E n g la n d c o tto n te x tile w o r k e r s h a d r e c e iv e d tw o w ag e i n c r e a s e s (5 p e r c e n t
in A p ril 1964, an d a n o th e r 5 p e r c e n t in A p r il 1965) s in c e th e B u r e a u 's M ay 1963
s u rv e y . M an y o f th e s o u th e r n te x tile m ills h a d g ra n te d th r e e w ag e i n c r e a s e s
(e a c h a m o u n tin g to a b o u t 5 p e r c e n t) s in c e th e e a r l i e r s u rv e y . 17 A c c o rd in g to
te s tim o n y by C o m m is s io n e r A r th u r M . R o s s b e fo re th e J o in t E c o n o m ic C o m m itte e
of th e U. S. C o n g r e s s ,18 th e s o u th e r n c o tto n " te x tile i n c r e a s e s r e f le c t n o t o n ly
14 The estimate of the proportion of workers in unionized mills in New England (95 percent), as indicated in
the Bureau's May 1963 survey was overstated; the revised estimate for the earlier survey is 88 percent.
15 The straight-time hourly earnings (excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays,
and late shifts) presented in this bulletin are not comparable with the gross average hourly earnings published in the
Bureau's monthly hours and earnings series. The monthly series provides data for plants primarily engaged in weav­
ing fabrics over 12 inches in width, wholly or chiefly of cotton (weaving and integrated m ills). These m ills, as
well as those primarily engaged in spinning yarn or thread are included in this survey.
The estimates of the number of workers within scope of the survey are intended only as a general guide to
size and composition of the labor force in cotton textile mills covered by the survey.
BLS Bulletin 1410, op. cit.
1^ See Current Wage Developments, Report Nos. 183 through 212. At the end of March 1966, the Textile
Workers Union of America and four large New England companies negotiated a 3-year contract with wage increases
totaling 23 cents. The first increase, effective April 15, amounted to 10 cents. The increases are not, of course,
included in the earnings data in this bulletin. Another round of wage increases for southern textile m ills, to be
effective in m id-1966 was announced in May.
The Economic Situation in 1966, Statement Submitted to the Joint Economic Committee, U. S. Congress,
Hearings on the 1966 Economic Report of the President, 89th Cong. , 2d sess. , Feb. 8, 1966, Arthur M. Ross,
Commissioner, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. S. Department of Labor.



4

th e w id e s p re a d p r o s p e r it y in th e c o u n try a s a w h o le , b u t c ir c u m s ta n c e s s p e c ia l
to th is in d u s tr y , in c lu d in g th e e ffe c t of th e c o tto n e q u a liz a tio n la w , im p ro v e d
e q u ip m e n t an d m a n a g e m e n t, u n io n o rg a n iz in g p r e s s u r e s , an d in c r e a s in g d if f i­
c u ltie s of r e c r u itin g te x tile w o r k e r s fro m r u r a l a r e a s . "
W o rk e rs in th e S o u th e a s t re g io n a v e ra g e d $ 1 .7 4 an h o u r in S e p te m b e r 19 65 ,
c o m p a r e d w ith $ 1 .8 2 fo r w o r k e r s in N ew E n g la n d an d $ 1 .5 3 fo r th o s e in th e
S o u th w e st re g io n . E a rn in g s in f o r m a tio n is a ls o p r e s e n te d s e p a r a te ly fo r s e v e r a l
im p o r ta n t c o tto n te x tile p ro d u c in g S ta te s an d a r e a s in th e S o u th (s e e ta b le s 16—23).
A v e ra g e s fo r w o r k e r s in A la b a m a , G e o rg ia , an d S o u th C a ro lin a ra n g e d fro m
$ 1 .7 4 to $ 1 .7 7 an h o u r , c o m p a re d w ith $ 1 .6 9 fo r w o r k e r s in N o rth C a ro lin a .
A m o n g N o rth C a ro lin a w o r k e r s , th o s e in C h a r lo tte an d S ta te s v ille h a d id e n tic a l
a v e r a g e s ( $ 1 .6 7 ) . W o rk e rs in G re e n v ille —S p a r ta n b u r g , S. C. , a v e ra g e d $ 1 .7 7 ,
and th o s e in T e x a s , $ 1 .5 1 .
W o rk e rs in in te g r a te d m ills (th o s e h a v in g b o th sp in n in g an d w e a v in g o p e r a ­
tio n s ) h a d h ig h e r a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s th a n th o s e in y a r n m ills ; th e d if fe re n c e
in th e S o u th e a s t re g io n a m o u n te d to 15 c e n ts — $ 1 .6 2 c o m p a r e d w ith $ 1 ,7 7 .
A lth o u g h th e a b s e n c e of s k ille d w e a v in g o c c u p a tio n s in y a r n m ills c o n tr ib u te s to
th e d if f e r e n c e in o v e r a ll e a rn in g s le v e ls in th e tw o ty p e s of m i l l s , y a r n m ill
w o r k e r s a ls o h a d c o n s is te n tly lo w e r p a y a t th e o c c u p a tio n a l le v e l. 19 W o rk e rs
in in te g r a te d m ills in N ew E n g la n d a v e ra g e d $ 1 .8 3 an h o u r— 6 c e n ts m o r e th a n
th e ir c o u n te r p a r ts in th e S o u th e a s t re g io n ; th e d if f e r e n c e w a s 8 c e n ts w h en c o m ­
p a r is o n w a s lim ite d to in te g r a te d m ills p r i m a r i l y p ro d u c in g c a r d e d - y a r n f a b r ic s .
A m o n g c a r d e d - y a r n f a b r ic m i l l s , a v e r a g e s v a r ie d by p re d o m in a n t c la s s of f a b r ic .
In th e S o u th e a s t, a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s of w o r k e r s in m ills w e a v in g d u c k ,
s h e e tin g , p r in tc lo th , c o lo r e d - y a r n f a b r i c s , s p e c i a lt i e s , an d to w e lin g ra n g e d fro m
$ 1 .6 5 to $ 1 .8 2 an h o u r.
D a ta w e re a ls o ta b u la te d by s iz e of c o m m u n ity an d s iz e of m ill. T h e re
w a s little d if f e r e n c e in o v e r a ll a v e r a g e s fo r p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s in m e tr o p o lita n
an d n o n m e tro p o lita n a r e a s ; th e tw o a v e r a g e s w e r e th e s a m e in N ew E n g la n d an d
w e re o n ly 3 c e n ts a p a r t in th e S o u th e a s t an d S o u th w e st r e g io n s . A c c o rd in g to
m ill- e m p lo y m e n t s iz e , h o w e v e r, a v e r a g e s ra n g e d , p r o g r e s s i v e l y , fro m $ 1 .6 1
an h o u r in m ills e m p lo y in g fe w e r th a n 250 w o r k e r s to $ 1 .8 0 in th o s e w ith 1 ,0 0 0 o r
m o r e . T h is r e la tio n s h ip of m ill- e m p lo y m e n t s iz e to e a rn in g s h e ld in th e S o u th ­
e a s t, b u t in N ew E n g la n d , w h e re d a ta a r e sh o w n fo r tw o m i l l - s i z e g ro u p s ,
th e a v e ra g e in m ills w ith 500—999 w o r k e r s w as $ 1 .8 3 — 2 c e n ts m o r e th a n in
la rg e r m ills.
M en , w ho c o m p r is e d a b o u t t h r e e - f if th s of th e w o r k e r s in r e g u la r te x tile
d e p a r tm e n ts , a v e ra g e d $ 1 .7 8 an h o u r , a s c o m p a r e d to $ 1 .6 7 fo r w o m e n . T h e
a v e ra g e w ag e a d v a n ta g e fo r m e n w as 14 c e n ts in N ew E n g la n d , 11 c e n ts in th e
S o u th e a s t, an d 7 c e n ts in th e S o u th w e st. D iffe re n c e s in a v e ra g e p a y le v e ls fo r
m e n an d w o m e n m a y h a v e b e e n th e r e s u l t o f s e v e r a l f a c to r s in c lu d in g v a r ia tio n
in th e d is tr ib u tio n of th e s e x e s am o n g e s ta b lis h m e n ts a n d , a s p o in te d o u t in th e
d is c u s s io n o f in d u s tr y c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s , a m o n g jo b s w ith d is p a r a te p a y le v e ls .
D iffe re n c e s in a v e r a g e s in th e s a m e jo b an d a r e a m a y r e f le c t m in o r d if f e r e n c e s
in w o r k e r s ’ d u tie s . J o b d e s c r ip tio n s u s e d in c la s s ify in g w o r k e r s in w ag e s u r ­
v e y s a r e u s u a lly m o r e g e n e r a liz e d th a n th o s e u s e d in in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts
b e c a u s e a llo w a n c e m u s t b e m a d e fo r m in o r d if f e r e n c e s a m o n g e s ta b lis h m e n ts in
* 9 A comparison of occupational pay relationships between yarn and integrated mills in the Southeast indicated
that workers in selected jobs in integrated mills averaged 11 cents an hour more, as a group, than their counter­
parts in yarn m ills. This was determined by multiplying the average earnings for occupations shown for both types
of mills (table 11 ) by the respective occupational employments in integrated m ills, and dividing the sums of these
products by the total employment factors. The wage advantage held by workers in integrated mills amounted to
12 cents for men and 10 cents for women.




5

s p e c ific d u tie s p e r f o r m e d . A ls o , e a rn in g s in s o m e jo b s in th e in d u s tr y a r e
la r g e ly d e te r m in e d by p ro d u c tio n a t p ie c e r a t e s . V a ria tio n s in in c e n tiv e e a r n ­
in g s fo r in d iv id u a ls o r s e x g ro u p in g s m a y b e tr a c e a b le to d if f e r e n c e s in w o rk
e x p e r ie n c e , e f f o r t, w o rk flo w , o r o th e r f a c to r s w h ic h th e w o r k e r m a y o r m a y
n o t c o n tr o l.
E a rn in g s of v ir tu a lly a ll w o r k e r s w e re w ith in a ra n g e of $ 1 . 25 to $ 2 . 50 an
h o u r , w ith th e m id d le h a lf o f th e w o r k e r s e a rn in g b e tw e e n $ 1 .5 3 an d $ 1 .9 4
(ta b le 2). A t th e lo w e r en d of th e a r r a y , 8 p e r c e n t of th e w o r k e r s e a rn e d le s s
th a n $ 1 .4 0 and 21 p e r c e n t e a r n e d le s s th a n $ 1 .5 0 a n h o u r. T h e c o n c e n tra tio n s
o f w o r k e r s a t lo w e r e a rn in g s le v e ls w e re p r o p o r tio n a te ly g r e a t e r in th e S o u th ­
w e s t th a n in th e o th e r r e g io n s .
E a rn in g s of w o m e n , w ho w e re h e a v ily e m p lo y e d in o c c u p a tio n s re q u ir in g
s im i la r s k il l s , w e re m o r e c o n c e n tra te d th a n th o s e of m e n . N a tio n a lly , th e
m id d le h a lf of w o m e n 's e a rn in g s ra n g e d fro m $ 1 . 53 to $ 1 .8 0 , w h e re a s th e c o r r e ­
sp o n d in g ra n g e fo r m e n w a s fro m $ 1 .5 3 to $ 2 .0 3.
O c c u p a tio n a l E a rn in g s
A v e ra g e h o u rly e a rn in g s am o n g th e jo b s s e le c te d to r e p r e s e n t th e d i f f e r ­
e n t ty p e s of s k ills an d m a n u fa c tu rin g o p e r a tio n s in th e in d u s tr y ra n g e d fro m
$ 1 .4 5 fo r ja n ito r s to $ 2 .3 8 fo r J a c q u a r d lo o m f i x e r s — tw o jo b s la r g e ly s ta ffe d
b y m e n (ta b le 9). A v e ra g e s fo r o th e r n u m e r ic a lly im p o r ta n t jo b s (u s u a lly s ta ffe d
by m e n ) w e re : H an d t r u c k e r s , $ 1 .4 9 ; c a r d te n d e r s , $ 1 .6 2 ; d r a w in g - f r a m e
te n d e r s , $ 1 .7 0 ; s p in n in g - f r a m e d o f f e r s , $ 1 .8 5 ; s lu b b e r t e n d e r s , $1. 87; J a c q u a r d
lo o m w e a v e r s , $ 2 .1 6 ; an d p la in an d d o b b y lo o m f i x e r s , $ 2 .2 6 . A m o n g th e jo b s
u s u a lly s ta ffe d by w o m e n , a v e r a g e s w e re : B a tte r y h a n d s , $ 1 .5 6 ; c lo th i n s p e c ­
t o r s an d y a r n w in d e r s , b o th $ 1 .6 3 ; r i n g - f r a m e s p in n e r s , $ 1 .7 0 ; an d p la in lo o m
w e a v e r s , $ 1 .9 7 .
T h e re w as no c o n s is te n t r e la tio n s h ip b e tw e e n th e e a rn in g s of m e n an d
w o m e n in th e s a m e jo b . In th e S o u th e a s t, fo r e x a m p le , w o m e n b a tte r y h a n d s
a v e ra g e d 8 c e n ts an h o u r m o r e th a n m e n in th a t jo b , m e n an d w o m e n p la in lo o m
w e a v e r s a v e ra g e d a b o u t th e s a m e , an d m e n d r a w in g - in m a c h in e o p e r a to r s a v e r ­
a g e d 24 c e n ts m o r e th a n t h e ir w o m e n c o u n te r p a r ts . In s o m e jo b s th e s e r e l a t io n ­
s h ip s w e re la r g e ly th e r e s u l t of d if f e r e n c e s in th e d is tr ib u tio n o f th e s e x e s a m o n g
m ills w ith d i s s i m i l a r p a y le v e ls , w h ile in o th e r s th e y r e f le c te d th e e a rn in g s of
m e n an d w o m e n in th e s a m e m i l l s . T o i l l u s t r a t e , in G e o rg ia w h e re m e n d ra w in g in m a c h in e o p e r a to r s a v e ra g e d 35 c e n ts m o r e th a n w o m e n , n o n e o f th e m ills
v is ite d e m p lo y e d b o th m e n an d w o m e n in th e jo b . C o n v e rs e ly , n e a r ly a ll of
th e m ills in th e S ta te w h ic h r e p o r te d h a v in g p la in lo o m w e a v e r s e m p lo y e d b o th
m e n an d w o m e n in th e o c c u p a tio n . A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r m e n an d w o m e n
in th is jo b d if fe re d by o n ly 2 c e n ts a n h o u r (ta b le 18).
O c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e s w e re n e a r ly a lw a y s h ig h e r in N ew E n g la n d th a n in
th e S o u th e a s t— u s u a lly b y 15 c e n ts o r le s s an h o u r . A v e ra g e s in th e S o u th w e st
w e re c o n s is te n tly lo w e r th a n in th e S o u th e a s t, w ith th e d if f e r e n c e s a m o u n tin g to
a t le a s t 20 c e n ts an h o u r fo r m o s t jo b s .
O c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e s a r e a ls o p r e s e n te d in th is s u r v e y by ty p e o f y a r n ,
m ill, an d f a b r ic , c o m m u n ity s iz e , m ill s iz e , an d m e th o d of w ag e p a y m e n t
(ta b le s 10—15).
E a rn in g s o f w o r k e r s p e r f o r m in g s im i la r ta s k s v a r ie d w ith in th e s a m e e s ­
ta b lis h m e n t, p a r t ic u l a r l y f o r o c c u p a tio n s p re d o m in a n tly p a id u n d e r in c e n tiv e w ag e
s y s te m s . In m a n y i n s t a n c e s , th e d if f e r e n c e s in e a rn in g s b e tw e e n th e h ig h e s t
an d lo w e s t p a id w o r k e r s in th e s a m e jo b an d e s ta b lis h m e n t a m o u n te d to m o r e
th a n 50 c e n ts a n h o u r .



6

E s ta b lis h m e n t P r a c t i c e s an d S u p p le m e n ta ry W age P r o v is io n s
D a ta w e re a ls o o b ta in e d on c e r ta in e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s , in c lu d in g s h ift
d if f e r e n tia ls fo r p r o d u c tio n w o r k e r s , an d w o rk s c h e d u le s an d s e le c te d s u p p le ­
m e n ta r y b e n e f its , s u c h a s p a id h o lid a y s an d v a c a tio n s ; an d v a rio u s h e a lth , i n s u r ­
a n c e , an d r e t i r e m e n t p la n s , fo r p ro d u c tio n a n d o ffic e w o r k e r s .
S c h e d u le d W eek ly H o u rs . A t th e tim e of th e s tu d y , w o rk s c h e d u le s of
48 h o u r s a w e e k w e r e in e ffe c t in m ills e m p lo y in g t h r e e - f if th s of th e i n d u s t r y ’s
p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s (ta b le 25). S u ch s c h e d u le s a p p lie d to n e a r ly tw o - th ir d s of
th e w o r k e r s in th e S o u th e a s t, w h e r e a s 4 0 -h o u r w e e k ly w o rk s c h e d u le s w e re
r e p o r te d by m ills a c c o u n tin g fo r n in e - te n th s of th e w o r k e r s in N ew E n g la n d and
n e a r ly t h r e e - f if th s of th o s e in th e S o u th w e st. N in e -te n th s of th e o ffic e w o rk e rs
a ls o h a d w o rk s c h e d u le s of 40 h o u r s a w e e k .
S h ift P r o v is io n s an d P r a c t i c e s . N e a rly a ll c o tto n te x tile m ills h a d p r o ­
v is io n s fo r t h r e e - s h if t o p e ra tio n s fo r m o s t p ro d u c tio n d e p a r tm e n ts (ta b le 26).
S lig h tly m o r e th a n h a lf of th e p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s w e re e m p lo y e d on la te s h ifts
(ta b le 27). N e a rly t h r e e - t e n th s of th e w o r k e r s in e a c h o f th e th r e e re g io n s w e re
on s e c o n d s h ifts an d r a r e l y r e c e iv e d d if f e r e n tia l p a y . T h ir d - s h if t o p e ra tio n s
a c c o u n te d fo r a fo u rth of th e w o r k e r s in th e S o u th e a s t an d a fifth in th e o th e r
tw o re g io n s . T h e s e w o r k e r s u s u a lly r e c e iv e d 7 c e n ts a n h o u r a b o v e d ay r a te s
in N ew E n g la n d , an d 5 c e n ts in th e S o u th e a s t an d S o u th w e st.
P a id H o lid a y s . P a id h o lid a y s w e re p ro v id e d by m ills e m p lo y in g n e a r ly
h a lf of th e p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s (ta b le 28). N e a rly a ll w o r k e r s in N ew E n g la n d
re c e iv e d 6 d a y s a n n u a lly . S lig h tly m o r e th a n tw o -fifth s of th e w o r k e r s in th e
S o u th e a s t an d S o u th w e st w e re p ro v id e d p a id h o lid a y s , m o s t c o m m o n ly 2 d a y s a
y e a r . A ll o ffic e w o r k e r s in N ew E n g la n d an d a la r g e m a jo r ity in th e S o u th e a s t
an d S o u th w e st r e c e iv e d p a id h o lid a y s ; th e m o s t c o m m o n p ro v is io n s w e re 6 d a y s
in N ew E n g la n d an d 5 o r 6 in th e o th e r r e g io n s .
P a id V a c a tio n s . P a id v a c a tio n s , a f te r q u a lify in g p e r io d s of s e r v i c e , w e re
p ro v id e d by m ills a c c o u n tin g fo r n e a r ly a ll p ro d u c tio n an d o ffic e w o r k e r s (ta b le s
29 an d 30). T y p ic a l v a c a tio n p a y p r o v is io n s f o r p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s , w h ic h w e re
g e n e r a lly b a s e d on p e r c e n ta g e s of a n n u a l e a r n in g s , w e re 1 w e e k a f te r 1 y e a r of
s e r v ic e an d 2 w e e k s a f te r 5 y e a r s . In N ew E n g la n d , h o w e v e r, n e a r ly a ll p r o ­
d u c tio n w o r k e r s r e c e iv e d o v e r 1 b u t le s s th a n 2 w e e k s ’ p a y a f te r 3 y e a r s of
s e r v ic e . P r o v is io n s fo r 3 w e e k s of p a id v a c a tio n w e r e r a r e ly r e p o r te d fo r
p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s . S lig h tly m o r e th a n h a lf of th e o ffic e w o r k e r s w e re g ra n te d
2 w e e k s of v a c a tio n p a y a f te r 1 y e a r of s e r v ic e .
H e a lth , I n s u r a n c e , an d R e tir e m e n t P l a n s . L if e , h o s p ita liz a tio n , an d s u r g i ­
c a l in s u r a n c e , fin a n c e d a t l e a s t in p a r t by e m p lo y e r s , w e re r e p o r te d by m ills
e m p lo y in g o v e r n in e - te n th s of th e p ro d u c tio n an d o ffic e w o r k e r s (ta b le 31). A c c i­
d e n ta l d e a th an d d is m e m b e r m e n t in s u r a n c e w as p ro v id e d to n e a r ly t h r e e - f if th s
o f th e w o r k e r s an d s ic k n e s s an d a c c id e n t an d m e d ic a l in s u r a n c e , to a b o u t h a lf.
A b o u t a th ir d of th e o ffic e w o r k e r s and a fifth of th e p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s w e re
in m ills p ro v id in g c a ta s tr o p h e in s u r a n c e . P a id s ic k le a v e p r o v is io n s (fu ll p a y
an d no w a itin g p e rio d ) a p p lie d to a th ir d of th e o ffic e w o r k e r s , b u t w e r e r a r e l y
r e p o r te d fo r p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s . W ith th e e x c e p tio n of lif e , h o s p ita liz a tio n ,
and s u r g ic a l in s u r a n c e , th e p r o p o r tio n s of w o r k e r s re c e iv in g th e b e n e fits d e ­
s c r ib e d ab o v e v a r ie d c o n s id e r a b ly by re g io n . M e d ic a l in s u r a n c e , fo r e x a m p le ,
a p p lie d to a b o u t tw o -fifth s of th e w o r k e r s in th e S o u th e a s t, c o m p a r e d w ith n e a r ly
a ll w o r k e r s in N ew E n g la n d . In m o s t in s ta n c e s , h e a lth an d in s u r a n c e b e n e fit
p la n s in N ew E n g la n d and th e S o u th w e st w e re fin a n c e d b y e m p lo y e r s , w h e re a s
in th e S o u th e a s t s u c h p la n s w e re u s u a lly jo in tly fin a n c e d ( e m p lo y e r-e m p lo y e e ) .



7

P e n s io n p la n s p ro v id in g r e g u la r p a y m e n ts fo r th e r e m a in d e r of th e r e t i r e e 's
life (in a d d itio n to F e d e r a l s o c ia l s e c u r ity ) a p p lie d to a m a jo r ity o f th e w o r k e r s
in th e S o u th e a s t an d to a b o u t tw o - fifth s o f th o s e in th e S o u th w e s t, b u t w e re r a r e l y
r e p o r te d in N ew E n g la n d . M an y of th e r e t i r e m e n t p la n s fo r p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s
in th e tw o s o u th e rn re g io n s w e r e fin a n c e d th ro u g h a n n u ity -ty p e p r o f i t- s h a r i n g
p la n s (s e e fo o tn o te 5, ta b le 31, fo r d e s c r ip tio n o f th e s e p la n s ). P la n s p ro v id in g
lu m p -s u m p a y m e n ts a t r e t i r e m e n t a p p lie d to n e a r ly a ll w o r k e r s in N ew E n g la n d ;
s u c h p la n s w e re v ir tu a lly n o n e x is te n t in th e s o u th e rn r e g io n s .
P r o f it- S h a r in g P l a n s . P r o f it - s h a r i n g p la n s , n e a r ly a ll d e f e r r e d d i s t r i b u ­
tio n p la n s , w e re p ro v id e d b y m ills e m p lo y in g a b o u t o n e - f if th o f th e w o r k e r s in
th e S o u th e a s t an d a p p ro x im a te ly tw o - fifth s in th e S o u th w e st (ta b le 32). N ew
E n g la n d m ills r a r e l y r e p o r te d p r o f i t- s h a r i n g b e n e f its .




Table 1. Average Hourly Earnings: By Selected Characteristics
(N um ber and a v e ra g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 of p ro d uctio n w o rk e rs in co tto n te x tile m ills by se le c te d c h a ra c te ris tic s , U nited S tates and se le c te d re g io n s, S ep tem b er 1965)
Item
A ll m ills :
A ll p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s ____________________________
M en _ _______ ________ ______ ________ ______ _
W om en ____ _______________ ___________ _ ___
Size of co m m u n ity :
M e tro p o lita n a re a s 3 _______________________________
N o n m e tro p o lita n a r e a s _____________________ ______
S ize of e sta b lish m e n t:
20 -2 49 w o rk e rs _____ _____________________________
250-499 w o r k e r s _______________ ____ ____________
500—999 w o rk e rs __ __________________ _____ _____
, 000 w o rk e rs o r m o re _ __________________ __ __
Type of m ill and p ro d u c t:4
Y arn m ills ________________________________________
C a rd e d y a rn -------- -------------- ----------------------------------------------------------C om bed y a rn ________________________________________________________
In te g ra te d m ills ________________________________________________________
C a rd e d -y a rn f a b r ic s _______________ __________________________
C o m b e d -y a rn f a b r ic s ___________________________
F ib e r co n ten t of p re d o m in a n t p ro d u c t:
C otton fib e rs only _____________ _________________ _
B lends of co tto n and sy n th e tic fib e rs _____________
P re d o m in a n t c la s s of f a b r ic s :5
Duck and a llie d fa b ric s ____________________________
N a rro w sh e e tin g and a llie d c o a r s e and m e d iu m -y a rn fa b ric s _______ __________ —
W ide sh eetin g and a llie d c o a rs e and m e d iu m -y a rn ' fa b ric s _______________________
P rin tc lo th -y a r n fa b ric s -----------------------------------------------------------------C o lo re d -y a rn fa b ric s _______________________________________________
T o w els, tow eling, and d is h c lo th s ------------------------------------------N apped fa b ric s , b la n k e ts, and
b lan k etin g __________________________________________
F in e co tto n fa b ric s (com bed, p a r tcom bed, and fin e -c a rd e d )________________________
S p ec ia lties and o th e r w oven co tto n fa b ric s ----------------1

U nited S tates 2
N um ber
A verage
of
h o u rly
w o rk e rs
e a rn in g s

New E ngland
N um ber
A verage
of
h o u rly
w o rk e rs
e a rn in g s

N um ber
of
w o rk e rs

S o uth east

A v erag e
h o u rly
e a rn in g s

N um ber
of
w o rk e rs

S outhw est

Ave r age
h o u rly
e a rn in g s

219,477
136,641
82, 836

$ 1.74
1. 78
1. 67

6, 879
4, 209
2, 670

$ 1. 82
1. 87
1. 73

206,046
128,342
77,7 0 4

$ 1. 74
1. 78
1. 67

4, 824
3, 029
1, 795

$ 1. 53
1. 55
1. 48

50,888
168,589

1. 77
1. 73

3, 369
3, 510

1. 82
1. 82

4 4 ,7 8 8
161,258

1. 76
1. 73

1, 126
3,698

1. 50
1. 53

30,099
58,678
56,102
74,598

1. 61
l. 71
1. 76
. 80

_

2, 259
3, 777

2 7,499
55,365
52,415
70, 767

1. 59
1. 72
1. 76
. 79

_
2, 581

_
1. 50

-

-

. 62
1 .63
1.61
1. 77
1. 76
1. 83

_

4 ,6 1 9
4 ,6 1 9
-

_
_

1. 53
1. 53
1. 53
-

1

_
-

-

1. 83
. 81
1

1

_

. 62
1.63
. 62
1. 77
1. 75
1. 83
1

5, 047
3, 801
-

1. 83
1. 84
-

4 2 ,3 1 3
17, 342
24,971
161, 603
132,329
2 9,274

203, 295
16,182

1. 73
. 79

5, 766
1, 113

. 81
1. 85

191,953
14,093

1. 74
1. 78

4 ,6 8 2
“

7, 844
14,265
55,311
25,404
11 , 101
13, 832
6, 567
28,647
12,043

1. 70
1. 64
1. 76
1.78
1. 77
. 82
1. 74
1. 83
1. 76

6 ,476
13,703
51,501
24,6 8 0
10,10 1
13, 741
6,567
2 7,134
9, 830

1. 75
1. 65
1. 77
1. 78
. 80
. 82
1. 74
1. 83
1. 73

_

■-

44,4 6 3
17, 568
26,895
171,471
140,951
30, 520

1

1

1

-

.
_

-

1

1

1
1

-

1 E x clu d es p re m iu m p ay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h o lid a y s, and late sh ifts. D ata fo r an e stim a te d 2 1 ,5 1 9 w o rk e rs em p lo y ed in b le ach in g , clo th dyeing and fin ish in g ,
and fa b ric a tin g d e p a rtm e n ts a re ex clu d ed fro m th is tab u latio n and a re p re se n te d se p a ra te ly in ta b le 8.
2 In clu d es d a ta fo r re g io n s in ad d ition to those shown se p a ra te ly .
3 The te rm "m e tro p o lita n a re a s " as u sed in th is study re fe rs to S tan d ard M etro p o lita n S ta tistic a l A re a s as d efined by the U .S . B u re a u of the B udget th ro u g h M arch 1965.
4 D ata a re not show n se p a ra te ly fo r w eaving m ills but a re included in d ata fo r a ll p ro d u ctio n w o rk e rs. M ills engaged in w eaving fa b ric s fro m p u rc h a se d y a rn em ployed an e stim a te d
3, 543 w o rk e rs at the tim e of the stu d y and w e re m o stly c o n ce n trate d in the S o uth east reg io n .
5 In clu d es d a ta fo r w eaving and in te g ra te d m ills only.
NOTE: D ash es in d ic a te no d a ta re p o rte d o r d ata th a t do not m e e t p u blication c rite ria .




Table 2. Earnings Distribution: All Mills by Type of Yarn
(P e rc e n t d istrib u tio n of p ro d u ctio n w o rk e rs in co tton te x tile m ills by av e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 and
p red o m in an t type of y a rn spun o r w oven, U nited S tates and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)
A v erag e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1

U nder
$ 1. 25
$ 1. 30
$ 1. 35
$ 1 .4 0
$ 1 .4 5
$ 1. 50
$ 1.6 0
$ 1. 70
$ 1. 80
$ 1. 90
$ 2 . 00
$ 2 .1 0
$ 2 .2 0
$ 2. 30
$ 2 .4 0
$ 2 . 50

$ 1. 2 5 ____________ ______________________
and u n d er $ 1. 3 0 --------------------------------------and u n d er $ 1 .3 5 ------------------ -----------------and u n d er $ 1 . 4 0 ----------- --------- -----------and u n d e r $ 1. 45 . . . ---- ---------------- — ---and u n d e r $ 1. 5 0 ________________ _— --------and u n d e r $ 1 .6 0 .
_________________ _
and unde r $ 1 .7 0 _ ____ ______________
and u n d e r $ 1. 80 ______ . . . __________ __
and u n d er $ 1. 90 ________________________
and u n d e r $ 2 . 0 0 ____________________
and u n d e r $ 2 . 1 0 __________________________
and u n d e r $ 2 .2 0 _________________________
and u n d e r $ 2. 3 0 __________________________
and u n d e r $ 2 .4 0 __________________________
and u n d e r $ 2. 5 0 __________________________
and o v e r ______ ____________________________
T o t a l______
_________ . . . . ___ ____
N u m b er of w o r k e r s ______________________________
A v erag e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 ____________________ .

A ll
types
(3 )
2. 2
1. 8
4. 0
5. 6
7. 2
16. 3
15. 2
11.4
8. 7
7. 2
6. 7
5. 2
4. 4
2. 9
.6
.6
100. 0
219,477
$1. 74

U nited S tates
C ard ed
y a rn
or
fa b ric
(3 )
2 .4
1. 5
4. 0
5. 5
6. 9
15. 3
15. 6
11. 5
9. 0
7. 4
7. 0
5. 2
4. 9
2. 9
.4
.5
100. 0
160, 777
$1. 74

C om bed
y a rn
or
fa b ric

A ll
types

_
1.6
2. 6
3. 9
5. 7
7. 9
19. 2
14. 0
11. 3
7. 7
6. 4
6. 1
4. 9
3. 2
3. 2
1. 2
1. 0
100. 0
5 8 ,700
$1. 73

.
0. 7
.4
.7
.6
.5
24. 5
15. 1
1 2.4
8 .4
10. 9
8. 4
4. 7
6. 4
2 .6
1. 1
2. 6
100. 0
6, 879
$1. 82

New E ngland
C ard ed
y a rn
or
fa b ric
_
0. 1
.1
.2
.1
.5
26. 0
13. 5
11. 3
8. 7
8. 5.
9. 8
6. 2
7. 7
2. 8
1. 3
3. 0
100.0
3, 890
$1. 85

C om bed
y a rn
or
fa b ric
_
1. 3
.7
1. 4
1. 1
.6
22. 6
17. 2
13. 7
8. 1
14. 1
6. 5
2. 8
4. 6
2. 4
.8
2. 2
100. 0
2, 989
$1. 78

A ll
ty p es
(3 )
2. 0
1. 5
4. 0
5 .6
7. 4
16. 2
15. 4
11.6
8. 8
7. 1
6. 8
5. 2
4. 4
3. 0
.6
.4
100. 0
206,046
$1. 74

S o uth east
C a rd ed
y a rn
or
fa b ric

C om bed
y a rn
or
fa b ric

(3 )
2. 1
1. 0
4. 0
5. 5
7. 0
15. 1
15. 9
11. 7
9. 2
7 .6
7. 0
5. 3
4. 9
2. 9
.4
.3
100. 0
150,655
$1. 75

1. 6
2. 7
4. 1
6. 0
8. 3
19. 0
13. 9
11. 2
7. 7
5. 9
6. 1
5. 0
3. 2
3. 3
1. 3
.8
100. 0
55,391
$1. 72

_

S outhw est
C ard ed
y a rn
or
fa b ric

A ll
types

_

_

13.6
13. 6
15. 9
15.9
9. 8
9. 8
9. 0
9. 0
9 .6
9 .6
10. 1
10. 1
11. 1
11. 1
5. 6
5 .6
3. 8
3. 8
2. 7
2. 7
4. 1
4. 1
3. 9
3. 9
.8
.8
- _(3) . -............ (3)
100. 0
100. 0
4 ,8 2 4
4,8 2 4
$1. 53
$1. 53

1 E x c lu d e s p re m iu m p ay fo r o v ertim e and fo r w o rk on w eek en ds, h o lid ay s, and la te sh ifts.
2 In clu d es d a ta fo r re g io n s in addition to those shown se p a ra te ly .
3 L e ss th an 0. 05 p e rc e n t.
NO TE: B e cau se of ro u n din g, sum s of in d ividual ite m s m ay n o t eq u al 100.




(0

Table 3. Earnings Distribution: All Mills by Type of Yarn— Men
(P e rc e n t d istrib u tio n of m en pro d uctio n w o rk e rs in co tto n te x tile m ills by a v e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 and
p red o m in a n t type of y arn spun o r w oven, U nited S tates and se le c te d re g io n s, S ep tem b er 1965)
A v erag e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1

U nder
$ 1. 25
$ 1. 30
$ 1. 35
$ 1. 40
$ 1. 45
$ 1. 50
$ 1 .6 0
$ 1 .7 0
$ 1. 80
$ 1 .9 0
$ 2 . 00
$ 2 . 10
$ 2 . 20
$ 2. 30
$ 2 .4 0
$ 2 . 50

$ 1 .2 5 ................................................
— and u n d er $ 1. 30 __ . ____
and u n d er $ 1. 3 5 _________ _ .
_ —
and tind er $ 1 .4 0
__
....
and u n d er $ 1 .4 5 ____ ___
and u n d er $ 1 .5 0 ______ ----- —
and u n d er $ 1. 6 0 ------ —
and unde r $ 1. 7 0 _
and u n d er $ 1. 80
and u n d er $ 1. 90
_
and u n d er $ 2 . 00 _ ___
_
and u n d er $ 2 . 10
and u n d er $ 2 .2 0
_ -------- - ... _
and u n d er $ 2 .3 0 . ------- -----—
and u n d e r $ 2. 40 _ ___ __
and u n d er $ 2 .5 0 ..
and o v e r __ __
.
T o tal
„ N u m b er of w o r k e r s --------------------------------------- -----A v erag e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 _____

A ll
types
(3 )
1. 9
1. 6
4. 2
6. 3
7. 2
13. 9
12. 5
8. 8
8. 2
8. 3
7. 8
6 .6
6 .4
4. 5
1. 0
.9
100. 0
136,641
$1. 78

U nited S tates 2
C om bed
C ard ed
y a rn
y a rn
or
or
fa b ric
fa b ric
(3 )
2. 2
1. 3
4. 4
6. 2
7. 0
13. 1
12.6
8. 3
8 .4
8 .7
8. 1
6 .9
7. 3
4 .4
.6
.7
100. 0
101,374
$1. 78

A ll
ty p es

.
1. 2
2. 3
3. 5
6. 5
7. 7
16. 2
12. 3
10. 0
7. 8
7. 0
7. 1
5. 8
4. 1
5. 0
1 .9
1. 5
100. 0
35,267
$1. 77

_
0. 1
.1
.5
.8
.3
20. 2
13. 0
11. 1
7 .4
14. 5
9. 1
5. 1
9. 0
3. 8
1.6
3 .6
100. 0
4, 209
$1. 87

1 E x clu d es p re m iu m p ay fo r o v e rtim e and for w ork on w eekends, h o lid ay s, and la te sh ifts.
2 In clu d es d a ta fo r re g io n s in a d d ition to those show n se p a ra te ly .
3 L e ss th an 0. 05 p e rc e n t.
N O TE: B e c a u se of ro u n din g, su m s of in d ividual ite m s m ay n o t equal 100.




New E ngland
C ard ed
y a rn
or
fa b ric
_
0. 2
.2
.2
.4
20. 3
11. 3
10. 9
7. 9
10. 9
10. 1
6. 2
11. 5
3. 9
1. 8
4. 2
100. 0
2, 262
$1. 90

C om bed
y a rn
or
fa b ric
_
_
0. 2
.8
1. 5
.3
2 0 .0
14.9
11. 3
6 .8
18.6
7. 9
3. 7
6. 1
3.6
1. 3
2. 9
100. 0
1,947
$1. 84

A ll
ty p es
(3 )
1. 7
1. 3
4. 2
6 .4
7 .4
13. 8
12.6
8. 7
8. 3
8. 2
7. 9
6. 7
6. 5
4. 7
.9
.7
100. 0
128,342
$1. 78

S o uth east
C ard ed
y a rn
or
fa b ric

C om bed
y a rn
or
fa b ric

(3 )
1 .9
.9
4 .4
6. 2
7. 1
13. 1
12. 8
8. 3
8. 5
8. 9
8. 2
6. 9
7 .4
4. 5
.6
.4
100.0
95,2 2 3
$ 1 .7 9

1. 3
2. 5
3. 7
6. 8
8. 2
16. 0
12. 2
9. 9
7. 8
6. 3
7. 1
5 .9
4. 0
5. 1
2. 0
1. 3
100. 0
33, 119
$1. 76

_

S outhw est
C ard e d
y a rn
or
fa b ric

A ll
ty p es

_

_

12. 7
15. 2
9 .6
9. 9
9. 5
7. 5
9. 2
6 .6
4. 8
3. 3
4 .4
5 .9
1 .4
_
-

12. 7
15. 2
9 .6
9. 9
9. 5
7. 5
9 .2
6 .6
4. 8
3. 3
4. 4
5. 9
1. 4

100. 0
3, 029
$1. 55

100. 0
3, 029
$1. 55

_

-

-

_

Table 4. Earnings Distribution: All Mills by Type of Yarn---- Women
(P e rc e n t d istrib u tio n of w om en p ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs in co tto n te x tile m ills by a v e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 12 and
p re d o m in a n t type of y a rn spun o r w oven, U nited S tates and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)
A v erag e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1

U n d er
$ 1. 25
$ 1. 30
$ 1. 35
$ 1. 40
$ 1. 45
$ 1 -5 0
$ 1. 60
$ 1. 70
$ 1. 80
$ 1. 90
$ 2 . 00
$ 2 .1 0
$ 2 .2 0
$ 2. 30
$ 2 .4 0
$ 2 .5 0

$ 1. 25
and u n d er $ 1. 3 0 __________________________
and u n d er $ 1. 35
and u n d er $ 1 .4 0 __ ______ —
and u n d er $ 1.4 5 . _
__- _ ---- . and u n d er $ 1. 50 _____ __ _____
and u n d e r $ 1 .6 0
......
-and u n d e r $ 1 .7 0 __________________________
and u n d e r $ 1. 8 0 __
_ . ______ _
and u n d er $ 1. 9 0 ____________________
and u n d er $ 2 . 00 __. . ________ _____ _
and u n d e r $ 2 . 10 . ---- ---and u n d e r $ 2. 20 _ _
__
and u n d e r $ 2. 30 _ ____
_
_ _
and u n d e r $ 2. 40 _______ __ ___
and u n d e r $ 2 .5 0 _____ _________________ ___
and o v e r __
_____ __ ____ _ _
T o tal __
_____ __________ _ __
N u m b er of w o rk e rs __ _ ---- - —
A v erag e h o u rly e a r n in g s 1 __ -------- _ — __ _

A ll
types
<3 )
2.6
2. 1
3. 7
4 .4
7. 1
20. 3
19.6
15. 9
9 .4
5. 3
4. 9
2. 8
1. 1
.3
.1
.2
100. 0
82,836
$ 1 .6 7

U nited S ta te s
C ard e d
y a rn
or
fa b ric
(3 )
2. 8
1. 8
3 .4
4. 3
6. 8
19. 0
20. 8
16. 9
10. 1
5. 3
5. 0
2 .4
.8
.3
.1
.1
100.0
5 9 ,403
$ 1 .6 7

C om bed
y a rn
or
fa b ric

A ll
ty p es

_
2. 1
2. 9
4. 5
4 .6
8. 1
23 .7
16.6
13. 3
7. 5
5.4
4 .6
3 .7
2. 0
.6
.2
.2
100. 0
2 3,433
$1.67

_
1. 5
.8
1. 0
.1
.9
31. 3
18. 5
14. 4
10. 1
5. 3
7. 2
4. 2
2. 2
.8
.4
1. 2
100. 0
2 ,6 7 0
$ 1 .7 3

1 E x c lu d e s p re m iu m p ay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eek en ds, h o lid ay s, and la te sh ifts.
2 In clu d es d a ta fo r re g io n s in addition to th o se show n s e p a ra te ly .
3 L e ss th an 0. 05 p e rc e n t.
N O TE: B e c a u se of rounding, su m s of in d ividual ite m s m ay n o t eq u al 100.




New E ngland
C a rd ed
y a rn
or
fa b ric
_
_
0. 3
.1
.1
.7
33. 8
16.6
12. 0
9 .9
5. 1
9. 5
6. 1
2. 5
1. 3
.7
1. 4
100, 0
1,628
$ 1 .7 7

C om bed
y a rn
or
fa b ric
_
3. 8
1.6
2. 5
.3
1. 2
27. 5
21. 3
18.2
1 0.4
5. 7
3. 7
1. 2
1.6
.1
“
.8
100. 0
1, 042
$1 .6 8

A ll
ty p es
(3 )
2 .4
1. 8
3 .7
4. 5
7. 3
20. 0
19. 8
16. 3
9. 5
5. 4
4 .9
2. 8
1. 1
.3
.1
.1
100. 0
7 7 ,7 0 4
$ 1.67

S o uth east
C ard e d
y a rn
or
fa b ric

C om bed
y a rn
or
fa b ric

(3)
2. 5
1. 3
3. 3
4 .4
6 .8
18.6
21. 2
17.6
1 0.4
5 .4
5. 0
2 .4
.7
.2
.1
.1
100. 0
5 5,432
$1.67

2. 1
3. 0
4. 7
4. 8
8. 5
23. 5
16 .4
13. 1
7 .4
5 .4
4. 7
3. 7
1. 9
.6
.2
.1
100. 0
22,2 7 2
$1.66

_

Southw est
C ard ed
A ll
y arn
ty p es
or
fab ric
_
15. 0
17. 2
10. 3
7 .4
9 .9
14. 5
14. 2
4. 0
2. 1
1. 6
3. 5
.5
_
.1
100. 0
1,795
$1. 48

_
15. 0
17. 2
10. 3
7 .4
9. 9
14. 5
14. 2
4. 0
2. 1
1.6
3. 5
.5
_
.1
100. 0
1,795
$1.48

Table 5. Earnings Distribution: All Mills by Type of Mill
(P e rc e n t d istrib u tio n of p ro d uctio n w o rk e rs in cotton te x tile m ills by a v e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s r
and type of m ill, U nited S ta te s and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)
A v erag e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1
$ 1. 2 5 _______________________
and u n d e r $ 1. 3 0 ----------------and u n d e r $ 1. 3 5 ----------------and unde r $ 1 .4 0 ----------------and u n d e r $ 1 .4 5 ----------------and u n d e r $ 1 .5 0 — ----------and u n d e r $ 1 .6 0 ----------------and u n d e r $ 1 .7 0 ----------------and u n d e r $ 1 .8 0 ----------------and unde r $ 1 .9 0 ----------------and u n d e r $ 2. 0 0 ----------------and u n d e r $ 2 .1 0 ----------------and unde r $ 2 .2 0 ----------------and u n d e r $ 2 .3 0 ----------------and u n d e r $ 2 .4 0 ----------------and u n d e r $ 2 .5 0 ----------------and o v e r ------------------------------T o t a l------------------------------------N u m b er of w o rk e rs ----------------------A v erag e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1-------------

U n d er
$ 1. 25
$ 1 .3 0
$ 1 .3 5
$ 1 .4 0
$ 1 .4 5
$ 1 .5 0
$ 1 .6 0
$ 1 .7 0
$ 1 .8 0
$ 1 .9 0
$ 2. 00
$ 2 .1 0
$ 2. 20
$ 2 .3 0
$ 2. 40
$ 2. 50

U nited S ta te s 1
2
In teg rated m ills
Y arn m ills
Men W omen T otal Men W om en
T otal
(3)
(3)
(3)
2. 3
2. 3
1.7
2. 6
3. 1
1.9
4. 3
5. 0
4. 6
1. 0
1. 2
.9
2. 5
6 .8
3. 1
7. 1
3. 5
7. 0
5. 6
3.7
6. 3
4. 9
7. 8
8 .9
6 .4
6 .6
9 .6
9 .6
6 .7
9. 6
15. 5
15.4
25. 9
13. 7
18. 8
19.9
15. 0
12. 1
20. 0
16. 5
14. 8
18. 7
1 7.4
11.5
11.5
11.6
11. 7
8. 1
10. 3
8. 5
6. 5
8. 1
7. 7
8 .9
6. 0
7. 7
8. 6
5. 2
3. 0
6 .9
6. 0
5 .4
1. 6
7 .6
8. 5
3. 8
6. 0
3. 3
2 .4
1. 2
7. 6
1 .9
5. 4
1.3
.6
.8
7. 8
.3
.4
.1
3 .4
5. 2
1.5
.9
.1
1. 1
.1
.2
.7
.5
.1
.8
.1
.6
.3
100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0
4 4 ,4 6 3 25,434 19.029 171,471 108,954 62, 517
$1. 62 $ 1. 65 $1. 59 $1. 77 $ 1. 81 $ 1 .7 0

New E ngland
In te g ra te d m ills
Men W omen
T otal
0. 1
.1
.1
.1
.3
2 7 .4
14. 9
10.7
7 .8
9. 1
10. 5
5. 3
7. 5
2. 6
1. 1
2. 3
100. 0
5, 047
$ 1 .8 3

1 E x clud es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h o lid ay s, and late sh ifts.
2 In clu d es d a ta fo r re g io n s in a d d ition to th o se shown se p a ra te ly .
3 L e ss than 0 .0 5 p e rc e n t.
NO TE: B e cau se of ro u n din g, su m s of in d ividual ite m s m ay not equal 100.




0. 2
.2
.1
.3
22. 5
11.9
9 .0
6. 7
12. 1
11.7
5. 6
11.4
3.7
1. 5
3. 2
100. 0
3, 002
$ 1. 89

S o uth east
In te g ra te d m ills
Y arn m ills
Men W omen T otal
M en W om en
T otal

(3)
(3 )
(3)
_
1 .4
2. 7
2 .4
1.7
2. 0
2 .9
4 .4
0. 2
4 .6
.6
.5
.8
4 .9
7 .4
3 .4
2 .4
7. 2
3. 0
6 .9
(?)
6 .4
5. 7
8. 0
5. 0
3. 8
9. 2
(3)
10. 1
10. 1
10. 0
.3
6. 7
6 .8
6. 5
20. 1
15. 5
26. 1
15. 2
13. 5
3 4.7
18. 3
16.6
14. 9
18. 9
15. 1
12. 2
20. 2
19. 4
11. 2
11. 7
8. 1
18. 0
13. 2
11. 3
11. 5
6 .4
8. 3
10. 6
7. 6
8. 5
9. 5
9. 1
4. 8
8. 7
6. 2
4 .7
6. 2
7. 8
2 .9
5. 5
8. 5
6. 0
8. 7
3. 8
1. 6
7. 6
7. 7
3. 3
1.8
2. 3
1. 1
6. 1
4 .9
1. 7
.5
.7
5. 5
1. 3
.2
7. 8
.4
1.4
5 .4
.1
3. 6
1. 0
.9
.5
.1
.1
.7
.1
1. 1
(3)
1 .0
.1
.1
.5
.1
.2
.8
100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0
2, 045 42,3 1 3 24,003 18,310 161,603 102,944 5 8,659
$ 1. 75 $ 1. 62 $1. 64 $1. 59 $ 1. 77 $ 1. 81 $ 1 .70

S outhw est
In te g ra te d m ills
Men W om en
T o tal
14. 0
15. 1
9 .9
8. 5
9 .9
10. 2
11.2
5. 6
3 .8
2. 7
4. 1
4. 0
•9
-

(3)
100. 0
4, 619
$ 1. 53

13. 2
14. 6
9 .7
9 .7
9 .8
7. 3
9. 1
6. 6
4. 7
3 .4
4. 4
6. 1
1 .4

15.4
15.9
10. 2
6. 6
10. 0
15. 0
14. 9
3 .9
2. 1
1.6
3. 6
.5

-

.1
100. 0
1,709
$ 1 .4 9

-

.

100. 0
2 ,9 1 0
$ 1. 55

-

Table 6. Earnings Distribution: Weaving and Integrated Mills by Type of Fabric
(P e rc e n t d istrib u tio n of p ro d u ctio n w o rk e rs in w eaving and in te g ra te d (spinning and w eaving) cotton te x tile m ills
by av e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 and type of fa b ric , U nited S tates and S o u th east, S e p te m b er 1965)

A v erag e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1

U n d er
$ 1 .2 5
$ 1. 30
$ 1. 35
$ 1 .4 0
$ 1 .4 5
$ 1 .5 0
$ 1. 60
$ 1 .7 0
$ 1 .8 0
$ 1 .9 0
$ 2. 00
$ 2 .1 0
$ 2. 20
$ 2. 30
$ 2. 40
$ 2 .5 0

$ 1. 2 5 ........................................
and u n d e r $ 1 .3 0 -----------and u n d e r $ 1 .3 5 -----------and u n d e r $ 1 .4 0 -----------and u n d e r $ 1 .4 5 -----------and u n d e r $ 1 .5 0 -----------and u n d e r $ 1 .6 0 -----------and u n d e r $ 1 .7 0 -----------and u n d e r $ 1 .8 0 -----------and u n d e r $ 1 .9 0 -----------and u n d e r $ 2. 0 0 -----------and u n d e r $ 2 .1 0 -----------and u n d e r $ 2 .2 0 -----------and u n d e r $ 2 .3 0 -----------and u n d e r $ 2. 4 0 -----------and u n d e r $ 2 .5 0 -----------and o v e r -------------------------T o ta l-------------------------------N u m b er of w o r k e r s -----------------A v erag e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1--------

Duck
and
allied
fa b ric s
5 .6
4 .8
4 .4
3. 5
3. 3
12.8
18. 9
15.9
8. 9
7. 3
5 .4
3. 6
3. 6
1. 3
.2
.5
100. 0
7,844
$ 1 .7 0

Wide
N arro w
sh eetin g sheeting
and
and
allied
allied
c o a rs e - c o a rs e and
and
m edium - m ed iu m y a rn
y a rn
fa b ric s fa b rics
(3 )
5. 5
1.7
2.7
.4
3 .2
7. 0
4. 8
9. 1
12.8
5. 8
14. 7
15. 2
12. 3
16.9
11. 5
11. 7
5. 7
9. 7
5 .4
8. 4
3. 1
7 .9
4. 0
6. 0
4. 1
5. 0
1.4
2. 5
.2
.4
.5
.3
100. 0 100. 0
14,265 55,311
$ 1.64 $ 1. 76

U nited S tates 2
P rin t- Colored- T ow els,
c loth- y a rn tow eling,
y a rn
and d ish ­
fab ric s fab ric s cloths
(3 )
1. 3
0. 7
1. 6
.4
.6
3. 3
2. 7
2. 7
2 .9
11.4
1. 8
3. 7
7 .4
6. 3
4. 5
12. 1
16. 5
9 .6
15. 9
17. 7
9. 8
10.4
11. 1
11. 9
8. 2
11. 1
9. 5
6. 6
7. 0
9. 9
6 .6
10. 5
9. 6
4. 5
8 .4
6. 6
5. 2
7. 6
7. 3
4. 3
3 .6
4. 8
.4
.2
.7
.4
.2
.3
100. 0 100. 0 100. 0
25,404 11, 101 13,832
$ 1. 78 $ 1. 77 $ 1. 82

N arro w
F in e
sheetin g
Napped cotton S p ec ia l­
and
fab ric s , fa b ric s tie s and Duck a llie d
and c o a rs e b lan k ets, (com bed, o th e r
and
p a rt- w oven a llie d
and
b la n k e t­ com bed, cotton fa b ric s m e d iu m ing and fin e - fa b ric s
y a rn
card ed)
fab ric s
0. 2
(3)
4. 8
4 .4
0. 8
1 .0
1.8
2. 6
.2
.3
1. 1
1. 1
4. 1
2. 5
6. 8
1. 1
4 .9
5. 8
5. 0
3. 2
2 .9
9. 1
4. 8
13. 1
10. 3
8. 6
3. 0
14. 8
14. 3
14. 8
17. 7
19. 0
12. 3
13. 3
11. 6
21. 5
13. 7
10. 2
11. 6
11. 1
17. 9
9. 0
5. 8
10. 6
8. 8
10. 2
5. 9
8 .4
5. 5
8. 3
7. 3
7. 8
8. 8
5. 1
3. 2
7. 8
6. 5
4. 2
4. 8
4. 2
7. 3
3. 9
5. 1
4. 2
4. 3
3. 8
5. 2
1 .4
5. 4
1.6
3. 2
4. 5
2. 3
.8
1. 3
.2
.2
.1
1. 5
.5
2. 8
.3
100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0
6, 567 28,647 12, 043 6,4 7 6 13,703
$ 1. 74 $ 1. 83 $ 1. 76 $ 1. 75 $ 1. 65

1 E x clud es p re m iu m p ay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eek en ds, h o lid ay s, and la te sh ifts.
2 In clu d es d a ta fo r re g io n s in addition to S outheast.
3 L e ss th an 0. 05 p e rc e n t.
NO TE: B e c a u se of rounding, su m s of in dividual item s m ay not equ al 100.




S o uth east
W ide
F ine
sheetin g
N apped cotton S p ecial­
and
P rin t- C olored- T ow els, fa b ric s , fa b ric s tie s and
a llie d
bed, o th er
tow
c o a rse - yclo th - y a rn and eling,­ blankets, (comrt- woven
d ish and
a rn fa b ric s
pa
and
clo th s b la n k e t­ com bed cotton
m e d iu m - fa b ric s
ing and fin e - fa b ric s
y a rn
carded)
fa b ric s
0. 2
(3 )
(3)
0. 6
0. 8
5. 3
1. 6
1. 3
1. 0
1.8
.4
1.4
.4
.7
.2
.2
.3
3. 1
2 .4
4. 1
2. 8
1. 2
5.8
2 .9
11.4
1.4
5. 8
5. 2
4. 7
3 .8
3. 1
4. 5
10. 3
5. 1
5. 7
6 .4
7. 3
9. 7
14. 9
14. 8
12. 3
18. 5
15. 2
16. 8
9. 5
16. 9
16. 1
18.7
13. 7
12. 1
9 .9
12.9
10.4
12. 0
11.6
10. 2
11. 3
9 .5
11.6
10. 6
6 .4
10. 0
11. 7
8. 3
8. 7
9. 2
6 .4
7. 2
8. 6
10. 0 ‘
7. 9
7. 3
8. 3
10. 3
5. 4
7. 7
6. 6
10. 6
7 .8
8. 7
4. 2
4. 7
6. 7
5. 0
8. 5
7. 5
5. 9
5. 1
5. 3
7. 3
5. 1
7. 7
3. 8
4. 9
4. 5
2. 7
4. 7
4. 8
5 .6
3. 2
3. 6
2 .4
.7
1.0
.4
.2
.5
.8
.3
.2
.1
1. 6
.8
.3
.1
100. 0
100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0
51,501
24,680 10,101 13,741 6, 567 27,134 9,830
$1. 77
$ 1. 78 $1. 80 $ 1 .8 2 $ 1. 74 $ 1. 83 $ 1. 73

Table 7. Earnings Distribution; Yarn Mills by Type of Yarn

Table 8. Earnings Distribution: Finishing and Fabricating Departments1

(P e rc e n t d istrib u tio n of p ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs in cotton y a rn m ills
by a v e ra g e s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 and type of y a rn ,
U nited S ta te s and S o u th east, S e p te m b er 1965)

(P e rc e n t d istrib u tio n of p ro d u ctio n w o rk e rs in fin ish in g and fa b ric a tin g d e p artm e n ts of
cotton te x tile m ills by av e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s,
U nited S tates and se le c te d re g io n s, S eptem b er 1965)

A v erag e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1
U nder
$ 1. 25
$ 1 .3 0
$ 1 .3 5
$ 1. 40
$ 1 .4 5
$ 1 .5 0
$ 1 .6 0
$ 1 .7 0
$ 1. 80
$ 1. 90
$ 2 . 00
$ 2 .1 0
$ 2. 20
$ 2. 30
$ 2 .4 0
$ 2. 50

$ 1. 2 5 __________________
and u n d er $ 1. 3 0 ______
and u n d er $ 1. 35 ______
and u n d e r $ 1. 4 0 ______
and u n d e r $ 1. 45 ______
and u n d e r $ 1. 5 0 ______
and unde r $ 1 .6 0 ______
and unde r $ 1 .7 0 ______
and u n d er $ 1 .8 0 ______
and u n d er $ 1. 9 0 ______
and u n d er $ 2 . 0 0 ______
and u n d er $ 2 . 1 0 ______
and u n d er $ 2 .2 0 ______
and u n d er $ 2 . 3 0 ______
and u n d er $ 2 .4 0 ______
and u n d e r $ 2 .5 0 ______
and o v e r _______________
T o t a l____________________
N u m b er of w o rk e rs __________
A v erag e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 ____

S o uth east
U nited S ta te s 2
C a rd e d C om bed C ard ed C om bed
y a rn
y a rn
y arn
y a rn

2. 3
2. 4
3. 1
3. 1
3. 7
5. 2
3 .4
5. 5
7 .4
7. 1
6. 9
6. 9
6. 8
8. 4
6. 7
8. 8
11.4
8. 2
10.6
8. 2
20. 7
19.6
20. 5
19. 5
18. 0
15. 5
18. 1
15. 6
11. 6
11.6
11. 6
11. 1
8. 3
8. 3
7. 3
7. 1
5. 4
4 .6
4. 9
4. 9
5. 2
2. 8
2. 8
5. 3
2. 2
2. 1
1. 3
1. 3
.5
.5
.5
.7
.8
.9
.9
.9
.2
.1
(3 )
(3 )
.4
.1
.1
.1
100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0
17,568 2 6,895 17,342 24,971
$ 1 .6 3 $1. 62 $1. 63 $1.61

1 E x clu d es p re m iu m p ay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w o rk on w eek­
en d s, h o lid a y s, and late sh ifts.
2 In clu d es d a ta fo r re g io n s in ad d ition to S outheast.
3 L e ss th an 0. 05 p e rc e n t.
NO TE: B e c a u se of ro u n din g, su m s of in d ividual ite m s m ay
not eq u al 100.




A v erag e h o u rly e a rn in g s2

U nited S tates 3
New
B leach ing ,
dyeing, and F a b ric a tin g T otal
T o tal fin ish in g o p e ra tio n s
o p e ra tio n s

$ 1 .2 5 _____________
0. 4
and u n d er $ 1. 3 0 ______
4. 2
and u n der $ 1. 3 5 ______
1. 7
and un der $ 1. 4 0 ______
3 .4
and u n der $ 1. 4 5 ______
4. 5
and u n der $ 1. 5 0 ______
5. 8
and u n der $ 1 .6 0 ______
12. 3
and u n d er $ 1. 7 0 ______
16. 8
and u n d er $ 1. 8 0 ______
17. 2
and u n der $ 1. 9 0 ______
8. 9
and u n d er $ 2 . 0 0 ______
8. 1
and u n der $ 2 .1 0 ______
6. 3
and u n der $ 2. 2 0 ______
3. 6
and unde r $ 2. 3 0 ______
3. 6
and u n der $ 2. 4 0 ______
1. 7
and un der $ 2. 5 0 ______
.6
and o v er __ _ _ ____
1. 0
T o tal .............................
100. 0
N um ber of w o rk e rs „ ___ _ 21, 519
A verage h o u rly e a rn in g s2 ____ $1. 73
U nder
$ 1. 25
$ 1. 30
$ 1. 35
$ 1. 40
$ 1. 45
$ 1. 50
$ 1. 60
$ 1. 70
$ 1. 80
$ 1. 90
$ 2. 00
$ 2 .1 0
$ 2 .2 0
$ 2. 30
$ 2. 40
$ 2. 50

_
1. 0
.6
4. 9
3. 5
6. 1
10. 2
20. 5
21. 4
9. 6
7. 1
6. 9
2. 5
2. 2
1. 5
.6
1. 2
100. 0
8, 313
$1. 73

0. 6
6. 2
2. 3
2. 5
5. 1
5. 5
13. 6
14. 5
14. 5
8. 5
8. 7
6. 0
4. 2
4. 5
1. 9
.6
.8
100. 0
13, 206
$1. 73

_
_
_
_
_
20. 7
24. 3
13. 2
11. 7
13. 6
8. 4
2. 3
.4
.6
2. 5
2. 3
100. 0
478
$1. 81

England
S o uth east
B leach ing ,
B leach ing ,
dyeing, and T o tal dyeing, and F ab ric a tin g
fin ish in g
fin ish in g o p era tio n s
o p e ra tio n s
o p e ra tio n s
_
_
_
_
18. 7
32. 5
12. 1
17. 1
5. 4
5. 0
.4
_
.8
3. 7
4. 2
100. 0
240
$1. 80

0. 4
3 .9
1. 7
3. 3
4. 4
5. 8
12. 3
16. 7
17. 5
9. 0
8. 0
6. 4
3. 7
3. 7
1. 8
.5
1. 0
100. 0
20, 604
$1 .7 3

1 E a rn in g s d a ta fo r w o rk e rs in th e se d e p artm e n ts a re ex clu d ed fro m ta b le s 1 th ro u g h 7.
2 E x clud es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w o rk on w eekends, h o lid ay s, and late sh ifts.
3 In clu d es d a ta fo r re g io n s in addition to th o se show n se p a ra te ly .
NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, su m s of indiv id u al ite m s m ay not equal 100.

_
1. 0
.6
5. 0
3. 7
6. 2
10. 0
19. 9
21. 8
9. 5
7. 2
7. 0
2. 6
2. 4
1. 5
.5
1. 1
100. 0
7, 957
$1. 74

0. 6
5. 7
2. 4
2. 2
4. 9
5. 6
13. 7
14. 7
14. 7
8. 7
8. 6
6. 0
4. 3
4. 6
1. 9
.6
.9
100. 0
12,647
$1. 73

Table 9. Occupational Averages: All Mills
(N um ber and av erage stra ig h t-tim e h o urly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d occup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills,
U nited S tates and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)
O ccupation and sex
S ele c te d p ro d u c tio n occupations
B a tte ry h a n d s ------------------------------------------------------------M e n --------------------- --------------------------- ------------------W o m en -------------------------------------------------------------------C ard g rin d e rs (a ll m e n ) -------------------------------------------C ard te n d e rs (4, 246 m en and 86 w o m e n )---------------C a rp e n te rs , m ain ten a n c e (a ll m e n ) ------------------------C o m b er te n d e r s --------------------------------------------- --------M en -----------------------------------------------------------------------W o m en _____________________________________________
D o ffe rs, sp in n in g -fra m e . --------------------------------------M e n -----------------------------------------------------------------------W o m en ------------------------------------ — -----------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s --------------------------------------------M e n --------------------- ---------------------- --------------------W om en------------------------------------------------------------------D ra w in g -in m a ch in e o p e r a to r s -------------------------------M e n _________________________________________________
W o m en -------------------------- ------------------------------- ---E le c tric ia n s , m ain ten a n c e (a ll m e n )— -------------------In sp e c to rs, c lo th , m a c h in e _____________________ ___
M en ------------------------------------------------------------------------W om en_____________________________________________
J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry c le a n e rs)-----------------M en ------------------------------------------------------------------------W om en-------------------------------------------------------------------Loom fix e rs (a ll m e n )-----------------------------------------------Box lo o m s-------------------------------------------------- --------J a c q u a rd lo o m s ---------------------------------------------------P la in and dobby lo o m s ----------------------------------------M a c h in ists, m ain ten a n c e (a ll m e n )-------------------------S la sh e r te n d e rs (1,857 m en and 8 w om en)--------------S lu b b er te n d e rs ----------------------------------------------------------M en ---------------- ------------------------------------------------W o m en -------------------------------------------------------------S ta n d ard (404 m en and 27 w o m e n )---------------------Long d r a f t ------------------------ —---- __ ____ ______
M en - ---------------------- --------------------------------------W om en- ---------------------- — ----------------- __ ---S p in n e rs, rin g -fra m e (1 8,776 w om en and
186 m en )---------------- -------------------------- -------------------T ru c k e rs , hand (including bobbin b o y s )---------------- —
M en ----------------------------------------------—______ __________
W om en____________________________________________
T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e ----------------------------------M en- --------------------------- ------- ------- ---------- -------W om en-------------------------- -------.-------- ------------ ---T y in g -in m a c h in e o p e ra to rs (1 ,4 8 5 m en and
25 w om en)----------------------------------------------------------------See fo o tn o tes at end of tab le,




U nited S ta te s 2
N um ber
A verage
of
h o urly
w o rk e rs
e a rn in g s
9 ,724
463
9,261
1,746
4,3 3 2
605
945
666
279
10,712
10,588
124
3,395
2,740
655
378
236
142
687
5,401
831
4, 570
5, 238
4,408
830
1 0 ,33J
685
362
9,284
1,160
1,865
5,102
4,548
554
431
4, 671
4, 144
527
18,962
6,740
6, 523
217
2, 398
1,712
686
1,510

$ 1. 56
1.48
1.56
2. 03
1.62
2. 04
1.72
1.73
1.71
1.85
1.85
1.81
1.70
1.72
1.62
1.92
2. 02
1.77
2. 21
1. 63
1.69
1. 62
1.45
1.45
1.44
2. 27
2. 30
2. 38
2. 26
2. 18
1.93
1.87
1.87
1. 85
1.82
1.87
1.87
1.86
1.70
1.49
1.49
1.51
1.66
1.69
1.58
2. 03

New England
N um ber
A verage
of
h o urly
w o rk e rs
earn in g s
285
271
44
87
16
21
-

181
144
37
46
27
19
10
-

18
240
36
204
120
118
286
245
23
63
97
88
95
86
-

417
89
89
68
27
43

$ 1. 59
1. 59
1. 99
1. 73
2. 21
1. 97
1. 89
1. 88
1.91
1. 94
1. 96
1. 90
2. 14
-

2. 16
1. 61
1.84
1. 57
1. 53
1. 53
2. 29
2. 27
2. 20
2. 09
2. 20
2. 19
2, 21
2. 20
1.75
1.56
1. 56
1.81
1. 70
2. 17

N um ber
of
wo rk e rs
9, 150
440
8 ,7 1 0
1,672
4, 143
578
924
654
270
10,299
10,216
83
3, 265
2, 677
588
359
232
127
655
5 ,027
736
4, 291
4 ,9 9 3
4, 189
804
9 ,6 7 2
667
242
8, 763
1, 106
1,758
4 ,8 8 5
4, 368
517
380
4, 505
4, 003
502
18,202
6,481
6,2 7 3
208
2, 310
1,655
655
1, 372

S o uth east

A verage
h o urly
earn in g s
$ 1. 56
1.48
1. 56
2. 03
1.62
2. 04
1.72
1. 73
1.70
1. 85
1. 85
1.78
1. 70
1. 72
1. 62
1. 93
2. 01
1. 77
2. 21
1. 64
1. 69
1.63
1.45
1.45
1.44
2. 27
2. 30
2. 34
2. 27
2. 19
1.93
1. 86
1.87
1.85
1. 84
1. 87
1. 87
1. 86
1.70
1. 50
1. 50
1. 51
1. 66
1.69
1. 57
2. 03

N um ber
of
wo rk e rs

Southw est
A verage
h ourly
earn in g s

261
_
257
29
96
8
_
_
.
229
227
80
36
44
.
_
10
82
29
53
101
87
_
243
_
243
24
39
113
91
22
45
68
54
14
338
146
146
_
12
8
-

$ 1 .4 1
_
1.41
1.77
1. 48
1. 70
.
_
_
1.69
1. 69
1.42
1.43
1.41
_
_
_
2. 07
1. 39
1. 46
1. 36
1. 34
1. 34
_
2. 03
.
_
2. 03
1. 88
1. 61
1. 64
1. 65
1. 60
1.63
1. 64
1.63
1. 67
1. 50
1. 32
1. 32
_
1. 38
1. 37

59

1. 74

Table 9. Occupational Averages: All Mills----Continued
(N u m b er and av e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills ,
U nited S tates and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)
O ccupation and sex
S ele c te d p ro d u c tio n o c c u p a tio n s— C ontinued
W a rp e r te n d e r s -----------------------------------------------------------M en ------------------------------- -------------------------------------W o m en ---------------------------------------------------------------High sp eed (300 y .p .m . and o v e r) -----------------------M e n --------------------------------------------------------------------W om en---------------------------------------------------------------Slow sp eed (u nder 300 y .p .m . ) ----------------------------M e n --------------------------------------------------------—----------W o m en ---------------------------------------------------------------W e a v e rs -----------------------------------------------------------------------M en --------------------------------------------------------------------W o m en ---------------------------------------------------------------Box lo o m s --------------------------------------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------------------------------------Dobby lo o m s ----------------------------------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------------------------------------W om en---------------------------------------------------------------Ja c q u a rd lo o m s—----------------------------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------------------------------------W o m en ---------------------------------------------------------------P la in lo o m s ------------------------------------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------------------------------------W o m en ---------------------------------------------------------------W in d e rs, y a r n 3------------------------------------------------------------M en --------------------------------------------------------------------W om en---------------------------------------------------------------A u to m atic sp o o le r (6, 062 w om en and 67 m en) —
Cone and tu b e, a u to m a tic (1 ,8 0 6 w om en
and 30 m en) ---------------------------------------------------------Cone and tub e, n o n au to m atic (6, 646 w om en
and 16 m e n ) ---------------------------------------------------------F illin g , au to m a tic (1, 308 w om en and 53 m e n ) ---F illin g , n o nau to m atic (52 w om en and 1 m a n )------S elected office o ccup atio ns
C le rk s, p a y ro ll (all w o m en )--------------------------------------Stenographers, general (a ll w o m e n )-------------------------T y p is ts, c la ss A (all w o m e n )------------------------------------T y p ists, c la ss B (all w o m e n )-------------------------------------

U nited S tates 13
2
A verage
N um ber
ho urly
of
earn in g s
w o rk e rs
1,795
714
1,081
1,614
648
966
181
66
115
19,075
9, 242
9, 833
1,853
1,089
764
3, 546
1,987
1,559
1, 121
837
284
12,555
5, 329
7,226
16,402
200
16,202
6, 129
1,836
6,662
1, 361
53

$ 1 .7 1
1.74
1. 69
1.71
1.72
1.71
1.72
1.94
1.60
2. 00
2. 02
1.99
2. 00
2. 03
1.96
2. 04
2. 02
2. 07
2. 16
2. 19
2. 09
1.97
1.98
1.97
1.63
1.74
1.63
1.67
1.63
1 .60
1.60
1.83

376
143
78
153

New E ngland
A verage
N um ber
h o u rly
of
e a rn in g s
w o rk e rs

1.82
1.97
1.76
1. 59

1 Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
2 Includes data for regions in addition to those shown separately.
3 Includes data for w orkers in classification in addition to those shown separately.
NO TE: D ash es in d ic a te no d a ta re p o rte d o r d ata th a t do not m e e t publication c rite ria .




N um ber
of
w o rk e rs

523
264
259

$ 1.80
1. 73
1.81
1.80
1. 73
1.81
2. 09
2. 11
2. 07

385
180
205
355
_
335
138
25
106
37
'

2. 02
1.99
2. 05
1. 77
1.78
1. 84
1.81
1.65
1.79
”

1,644
676
968
1,505
634
871
139
42
97
17,775
8, 634
9, 141
1,781
1,057
724
3,435
1,911
1,524
786
621
165
11,773
5, 045
6 ,7 28
15,617
160
15,457
5, 934
1,701
6,433
1,225
22

24
11

1.81
1. 60

328
137
66
133

34
6
28
34
6
28
-

-

-

S o uth east

A verage
h o u rly
earn in g s

N um ber
of
w o rk e rs

Southw est

A v erag e
h o u rly
e a rn in g s

$ 1. 72
1.72
1.71
1 .72
1.72
1.72
1. 63
1. 74
1. 58
2. 00
2. 01
1.99
2. 01
2. 04
1.96
2. 04
2. 02
2. 07
2. 09
2. 11
2. 04
1.98
1.99
1.97
1.63
1.72
1.63
1. 66
1. 64
1.59
1.61
1.65

56
53
56
53
354
87
267
354
87
267
272
271
57
88
69
58

$ 1 .4 3
1. 42
1.43
1.42
1.74
1. 75
1. 74
1. 74
1.75
1. 74
1.47
1.47
1. 55
1. 44
1.46
1.44

1. 82
1.97
1.76
1. 58

16
-

1.80
-

Table 10. Occupational Averages: All Mills by Type of Yarn
(N um ber and a v erag e stra ig h t-tim e h o urly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d occup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills
by p red o m in an t type of y a rn spun o r w oven, U nited S tates and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)

Sex and o ccup atio n

M en
B a tte ry h an ds ---------------------------------- -----------------C ard g rin d e rs ------------------------------------------------------C a rd t e n d e r s --------------------------------------------------------C a rp e n te rs , m a in te n a n c e -----------------------------------D o ffe rs, sp in n in g -fra m e - ---------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e rs — ___________ ____ ___
E le c tric ia n s , m a in te n a n c e ----------------------------------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry c le a n e rs)------------Loom f ix e r s ----------------------------------------------------------B ox lo o m s ------------------- ---------------------------------J a c q u a rd lo o m s -----------------------------------------------P la in and dobby loom s -----------------------------------M a c h in ists, m a in te n a n c e --------------------------------------------------------------S la sh e r te n d e rs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S lu b b er te n d e rs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S ta n d a rd ---------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------Long d r a f t ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------T ru c k e rs , h and (including bobbin b o y s ) ----------------------T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e -------------------------------------------------T y in g -in m a c h in e o p e r a to r s ------------------------------------------------------W a rp er te n d e rs 2_______________________________________________________
High sp eed (300 y .p .m . and o v e r) ----------------- -------W e a v e rs --------------------------------------- — ----------------------------- -------------------Box lo o m s -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Dobby lo o m s _ -------------------- ----------------------------------------------------Ja c q u a rd lo o m s --------- — --------------------------------------------------------P la in lo o m s ---------------------------------------------------------------- — ------------W in d e rs, y a r n --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

U nited S ta te s 2
New England
S o uth east
Southw est
C arded
Com bed
C ard ed
Com bed
C arded
Com bed
C arded
y arn o r
y a rn o r
y a rn o r
y a rn o r
y a rn o r
y a rn o r
y arn o r
fa b ric
fa b ric
fa b ric
fa b ric
fab ric
fa b ric
fa b ric
N um ber A verage N um be r A verage N u m b er A verage N u m b er A verage N u m b er A verage N u m b er A verage N um ber A verage
of
h o urly
of
h o urly
of
h o urly
of
h o urly
of
h o u rly
of
of
h o u rly
h o urly
w o rk e rs e a rn in g s wo rk e r s e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e arn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs earn in g s
369
1, 188
3, 089
443
8 ,249
1,807
490
3,005
8, 498
373
352
7,7 7 3
915
1,467
3,268
317
2,951
4,6 5 9
865
1,301
524
473
7, 339
797
1,470
807
4 ,2 6 5
149

$ 1 .4 8
2. 06
1. 63
2. 00
1. 87
1. 74
2. 21
1.45
2. 26
2. 26
2. 38
2. 25
2. 19
. 90
1. 89
1. 87
1.89
1.49
1.73
2. 01
1.75
1.72
2. 00
2. 00
2. 00
2. 20
. 96
1.73
1

1

94
558
1, 157
162
2, 339
933
197
1,403
1,833
312
1,511
245
390
1 ,280
1, 193
1,864
847
184
190
175
1,903
292
517
1,064
51

$ 1 .4 7
1. 97
1. 61
2. 13
1. 78
1.68
2. 20
1.45
2. 33
2. 34
2. 33
2. 15
2. 01
. 81
1.81
1. 50
1.66
2. 11
1. 73
1.73
2. 07
2. 13
2. 07
2. 06
1.77
1

.
32
52
100
16
8
65
205
-

$ 1 .9 9
1.78
1.89
1. 96
2. 26
1. 50
2. 30
-

164
14
47
73
71
70
32
185

-

-

-

101
■

_

_
-

_
-

53
81
-

$ 1 .6 5
1.86
1.56
2. 25
-

2. 28
2. 21
2. 11
2. 22
2. 23
1. 57
2. 18

81

2. 25

11

2. 16

2. 15

79

2. 01

-

-

_
-

1. 98
-

35
44
-

-

-

_
-

79
-

-

-

_
-

2. 01

354
1, 126
2, 937
423
7, 921
1,755
468
2, 389
7 ,9 2 0
355
232
7, 333
870
1,376
3, 103
278
2 ,8 2 5
4 ,4 2 8
848
, 186
489
462
6 ,8 1 0
765
1, 394
591
4, 060
133
1

$ 1.48
2. 07
1.63
2. 00
1.87
1.75
2. 21
1.45
2. 26
2. 26
2. 34
2. 26
2. 20
1.91
1.89
1.89
1.89
1.49
1.73
2. 02
1. 72
1.72
1.99
2. 01
2. 00
2. 12
1.97
1.74

86
546
1, 122
155
2, 295
922
187
1, 350
1,752
312
_
1,430
236
374
1,265
_
1, 178
1,845
807
173
187
172
1,824
292
517
985
27

$ 1 .4 6
1.97
1.61
2. 12
1. 78
1. 68
2. 20
1.44
2. 34
2. 34
_
2. 34
2. 15
2. 01
. 80
. 81
1. 50
1. 65
2. 11
1. 73
1.73
2. 07
2. 13
2. 07
2. 06
1.64
1

1

.
29
96
8
227
36
10
87
243
.
_
243
24
39
91
37
54
146
8
59

.
$ 1. 77
1.48
1. 70
1.69
1.43
2. 07
1. 34
2. 03
.
_
2. 03
. 88
1.61
1.65
1.67
1. 63
1. 32
1. 37
1.74

87

1. 75

_
_

_
_
-

87

1

_
.

_

-

1.75
‘

See fo o tn o tes a t end of ta b le .




-4

Table 10. Occupational Averages: All Mills by Type of Yarn— Continued
(N u m b er and av e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o urly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills
by p red o m in an t type of y arn spun o r w oven, U nited S ta te s and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)

Sex and o ccup atio n

W om en
B a tte ry h a n d s --------- — ----------------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e t e n d e r s ___________________________
In sp e c to rs, clo th , m ach in e ---------------------------------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry c le a n e rs )-------------S lu b b er te n d e rs 3------------------- ----------------- ----------Long d r a f t --------------------------------------------- ----------S p in n e rs, r in g - f r a m e -------------------------- — ------- T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e ---------------------------- W a rp er t e n d e r s ---------------- ----------------- --------------H igh sp eed (300 y .p .m . and o v e r)------------------Slow sp eed (u n d er 300 y, p .m . ) -----------------------W e a v e rs ------------------------------------------------ ---------------Box lo o m s -----------—- ----------------------------------------Dobby lo o m s ---- — ----------------------------------------J a c q u a rd lo o m s -------------------------- --------------------P la in lo o m s _________ ___________ ______ ________
W in d e rs, y a rn 3 ------------------------------------------------------A u to m atic s p o o le r---------------------------------------------Cone and tu b e, a u to m a tic --------------------------------Cone and tu b e, n o n a u to m a tic ---------------------------F illin g , a u to m a tic ----------------------------------------------

U nited S tates 2
Com bed
C arded
y a rn o r
y a rn o r
fa b ric
fab ric
N um ber Ave rage N um ber A verage
h o u rly
of
h o u rly
of
wo rk e rs e arn in g s w o rk e rs e arn in g s
8 ,1 1 2
521
3,223
613
400
377
13,918
254
847
779
68
7 ,809
478
767
284
6 ,2 8 0
9 ,645
4 ,0 0 9
1,305
3, 199
969

$1. 55
1. 61
1. 60
1.44
1. 85
1. 87
1.71
1. 69
1.68
1. 69
1.61
1. 96
1.95
1.99
2. 09
1.96
1. 64
1. 68
1. 65
1. 59
1. 60

1, 149
134
1, 347
217
154
150
4,8 5 8
432
234
187
47
2,024
286
792
946
6,557
2,053
501
3,447
339

S outhw est
New England
S o uth east
Com bed
C ard ed
C arded
C om bed
C ard ed
y a rn o r
y a rn o r
y a rn o r
y a rn o r
y a rn o r
fa b ric
fa b ric
fa b ric
fa b ric
fa b ric
N um ber A v erag e N um ber A v erag e N u m b er A verage N um ber A verage N um ber A verage
of
h o u rly
h o u rly
of
of
h o u rly
of
h o u rly
of
h o u rly
w o rk e rs earn in g s w o rk e rs earn in g s w o rk e rs earn in g s w o rk e rs earn in g s w o rk e rs earn in g s

$ 1. 60
1. 66
1. 68
1.45
1.84
1.84
1. 67
1. 51
1. 74
1. 78
1. 57
2. 07
1.97
2. 14
2. 04
1.62
1. 64
1.59
1. 60
1. 59

1 E x clud es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h o lid ay s, and la te sh ifts.
2 In clu d es d a ta fo r re g io n s in ad d ition to th o se show n se p a ra te ly .
3 In clu d es d a ta fo r w o rk e rs in c la ssific a tio n in addition to th o se shown se p a ra te ly .
N O TE: D ash es in d ic a te no d a ta re p o rte d o r d ata th at do not m e e t p u blication c rite ria .




235
134
258
16
20
20
201
147
144
90
19
"

$1 . 59
1. 58
1. 76
1. 76
1. 80
1.80
2. 07
2. 05
1. 86
1. 90
1. 73

.
70
146
58
58
191
“

_

$ 1 . 55
1. 72
2. 06
2. 06
1.71
"

7 ,597
460
3, 014
588
363
352
13,330
234
742
692
50
7, 175
438
732
165
5,8 4 0
9, 147
3,862
1, 199
3,093
851

$1. 56
1. 62
1. 61
1 .44
1. 86
1.87
1.71
1.69
1. 70
1. 71
1. 59
1. 97
1.96
1. 99
2. 04
1.96
1. 64
1. 67
1. 66
1. 60
1.61

1, 113
128
1, 277
216
154
150
4, 712
421
226
179
47
1,966
286
792
888
6, 310
2, 020
473
3, 333
334

$ 1. 60
1. 64
1.69
1.45
1. 84
1. 84
1. 66
1. 51
1. 73
1. 78
1.57
2. 07
1. 97
2. 14
2. 04
1. 61
1. 64
1. 58
1. 59
1. 59

257
44
53
22
14
325
_
53
53
267
267
271
57
88
69
57

$ 1 .4 1
1.41
1. 36
1. 60
1. 67
1.50
1 .42
1.42
1. 74
1. 74
1.47
1. 55
1.44
1.46
1.45

Table 11. Occupational Averages: All Mills by Type of Mill
(N um ber and a v erag e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills
by type of m ill, U nited S tates and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)
Sex and occup atio n
M en
B a tte ry h a n d s ------------------- --------------------------- --------C a rd g r in d e r s -----------------------------------------------------------C a rd te n d e r s ----------- ------- ------------ ------- ------- —
C a rp e n te rs , m a in te n a n c e -------------------------------D o ffe rs, s p in n in g -fra m e -----------------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s --------------------------------------------E le c tric ia n s , m a in te n a n c e ---------------------------------------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry c le a n e r s ) ---------------Loom fixe r s ------------------------------------- --------------------Box lo o m s --------- ------------------------------------------------J a c q u a rd lo o m s - ------------ ------- --------------------P la in and dobby lo o m s -------------- ------------ — —
M a c h in ists, m a in te n a n c e ------------------------------------------S la sh e r te n d e r s ---------------------------------------- -------------S lu b b er te n d e rs _ ----------------- -------------------------- ---S ta n d a rd ----------------------------------------------------------------Long d r a f t ------------------------------------------- ----- --------T r u c k e rs , hand (excluding bobbin b o y s )____________
T w is te r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e ----------------------------------T y in g -in m ac h in e o p e r a to r s ------ ------------ -------------W a rp e r te n d e rs 3---- ------- — ---------------------------------High sp eed (300 y .p .m . and o v e r)----------------------W e a v e rs ------------------ ------- ------- — ------------ --------Box lo o m s ------------------------------------------------------ ---Dobby lo o m s ______________ — ___________ — —
J a c q u a rd lo o m s ------ ----------------- ----- -------P la in lo o m s -----------------------------------------—--------------W in d e rs, y a r n -------------------------------------------- --------------See fo o tn o tes at end of tab le,




U nited S ta te s 2
Y arn m ills
In te g ra te d m ills
N um ber
A verage
N um ber
Ave rag e
h o urly
of
h o urly
of
w o rk e rs
e arn in g s w o rk e rs
e a rn in g s
_
565
1, 319
102
2,337
953
112
1, 149
182
1,425
129
1,296
1,463
1, 120
170
163
53

.
$ 1 .9 2
1. 55
1.93
1.72
1. 67
2. 11
1.42
-

2. 03
1. 76
1.71
1.77
1.48
1.65
1 .69
1 .70
1. 67

434
1, 181
2,927
499
8, 251
1,787
568
3, 207
10,030
595
255
9, 180
963
1,812
3, 123
275
2 ,848
5, 019
579
1,429
505
476
8 ,771
1,031
1,841
621
5, 278
133

$ 1 .4 8
2. 08
1.65
2 .0 6
1 .89
1.75
2. 22
1.46
2. 27
2. 30
2. 34
2. 26
2. 21
1.93
1.91
1.89
1.91
1. 50
1. 77
2. 03
1.73
1.73
2. 01
2. 05
2. 03
2. 15
1.98
1.79

N ew England
In te g ra te d m ills
N u m b er Ave rage
of
h o u rly
w o rk e rs e a rn in g s
_
40
78
12
128
19
8
99
269
-

228
15
62
85
85
86
40
-

255
171

_
$ 1 .9 8
1 .72
2. 22
1.9 0
1.99
2. 26
1. 50
2. 28
_
2. 25
2. 21
2. 09
2. 20
2. 20
1. 56
_
2. 18
2. 10
1.99

S o uth east
Y arn m ills
In te g ra te d m ills
N um ber
A verage
N um ber Ave rag e
h o u rly
of
of
h o u rly
w o rk e rs
e a rn in g s wo rke rs
e a rn in g s
_
561
1, 304
98
2,309
941
102
1, 121
_
_
174
_
1,418
127
1,291
1,458
1,077
_
170
163
_
_

_
_
29

_
$ 1 .9 2
1. 55
1. 92
1.71
1.66
2. 12
1.42
_
_
_
_
2. 02
_
1.77
1.71
1.77
1.48
1. 65
_
1.69
1.7 0
_
_
_
_
_

1.47

416
1,111
2,755
478
7 ,907
1,736
550
3 ,029
9,515
595
214
8,7 0 6
924
1,710
2,9 5 0
238
2,712
4 ,7 7 7
572
1, 329
494
467
8,421
1,031
1,815
555
5 ,0 2 0
122

$ 1 .4 8
2. 09
1. 65
2. 06
1.8 9
1.75
2. 23
1.46
2. 27
2. 30
2. 33
2. 27
2. 22
1.93
1.91
1. 93
1.91
1. 50
1.78
2. 03
1 .74
1.74
2. 01
2. 05
2. 02
2. 13
1. 98
1. 80

Southw est
In te g ra te d m ills
N um ber Ave rage
of
h o urly
w o rk e rs
e a rn in g s
.
29
90
8
215
32
10
78
243
_
_
24
38
87
37
50
141
59
_

_
$ 1. 77
1.48
1.70
1. 68
1.44
2. 07
1. 34
2. 03
_
_
1. 88
1.62
1. 64
1.67
1. 62
1. 32
1. 74

_

87

1. 75

87

_
1.75

_
_

_

Table 11. Occupational Averages: All Mills by Type of Mill— Continued
(N um ber and a v e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly earn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills
by type of m ill, U nited S tates and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)

Sex and o ccu p atio n
W om en
B a tte ry h a n d s -------------------------------------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s ---------------------------------------------In s p e c to rs , clo th , m a c h in e --------------------------------------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry c le a n e rs )-----------------S lu b b er te n d e rs 3--------------------------------------------------------Long d r a f t __-_____ _________________________ ____
S p in n e rs, r in g - f r a m e -----------------------------------------------T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e ------------------ -------------W a rp e r t e n d e r s ----------- __ --------------------------------------H igh sp eed (300 y .p .m . and o v e r)---------------- ---Slow sp eed (u n d er 300 y .p .m . ) ---------------------------W e a v e rs ----------------------------------------------------------------------Box lo o m s --------- ------------ ---------------------- --------Dobby lo o m s ________________________ ______________
J a c q u a rd lo o m s ----------------------------------------------------P la in lo o m s -------------- -------------------------------------------W in d ers, y a r n 3 ---------------- ------------ -----------------------A u to m atic s p o o le r------------------------------------------------Cone and tu b e , a u to m a tic ------------------------------ ---Cone and tu b e, n o n a u to m a tic -------------------------------F illin g , a u to m a tic ---------------- ------------- --------------

United S tates 2
In te g ra te d m ills
Y arn m ills
N u m b er A verage
N um ber Ave rage
h o u rly
of
of
h o u rly
w o rk e rs e a rn in g s
w o rk e rs earn in g s
_
147
100
186
179
5,218
524
84
25
59
8, 192
1,936
634
5, 297
"

_
$ 1 .6 2
1.42
1. 83
1.82
1.61
1. 54
1. 56
1. 58
1. 56
1.59
1.59
1.55
1.58
■

9, 177
508
4 ,4 4 6
721
368
348
13,558
156
944
906
38
9, 520
626
1,526
217
7, 151
7 ,825
4, 126
1, 162
1,318
1, 191

$ 1 . 56
1.62
1.63
1.4 4
1.86
1.88
1.73
1.70
1.71
1.71
1.62
1.99
2. 03
2. 07
2. 06
1.97
1.67
1. 70
1. 68
1.65
1.61

1 E x clu d es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h o lid ay s, and la te sh ifts.
2 In clu d es d ata fo r re g io n s in a d d itio n to th o se show n se p a ra te ly .
3 In clu d es d ata fo r w o rk e rs in c la ssific a tio n in ad d ition to those shown se p a ra te ly .
NO TE: D ash e s in d ic a te no d a ta re p o rte d o r d ata th at do not m e e t p u blication c rite ria ,




New England
In te g ra te d m ills
N um ber Ave rage
of
h o u rly
w o rk e rs e a rn in g s
268
19
180
352
25
25
217
163
185
123
20
28

$1 . 59
1 .90
1.58
1.75
1.75
1.75
2. 06
2. 04
1.83
1. 86
1. 76
1.85

S o uth east
In te g ra te d m ills
Y arn m ills
N u m b er
N um ber A verage
A v erag e
of
of
h o u rly
hou rly
w o rk e rs e a rn in g s
w o rk e rs earn in g s
_
145
-

99
184
177
5, 148
520
82
23
59
7 ,963
1,936
609
5, 157
"

_
$ 1. 63
1.42
1.83
1.8 2
1.61
1. 54
1.57
1 .60
1. 56
1. 59
1. 59
1. 55
1.58

8 ,6 5 2
443
4, 199
702
333
325
12,894
135
868
830
38
9, 031
626
1, 519
165
6, 721
7, 382
3,946
1,063
1,242
1, 106

$ 1. 57
1. 62
1. 64
1.44
1. 87
1.88
1.73
1.70
1.72
1. 73
1. 62
2. 00
2. 03
2. 07
2. 04
1. 97
1.68
1.70
1.69
1.65
1. 62

S outhw est
In te g ra te d m ills
N um ber
A verage
of
h o u rly
w o rk e rs e a rn in g s
257
42
53
20
12
307
51
51
267
267
240
57
79
47
57

$ 1 .4 1
1.41
1. 36
1. 58
1. 65
1. 51
1. 42
1.42
1.74
1.74
1.47
1. 55
1.44
1.47
1.45

Table 12. Occupational Averages: Weaving and Integrated Mills by Type of Fabric
(N um ber and av e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly earn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in w eaving and in te g ra te d (spinning and w eaving)
cotton te x tile m ills by type of fa b ric , U nited S tates and s e le c te d re g io n s, S ep tem b er 1965)

Sex and o ccu p atio n

M en
C ard g r in d e r s --------------------------------C ard te n d e rs --------------------------------C a rp e n te rs , m a in te n a n c e ------------D o ffe rs, s p in n in g -fra m e -------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s ----------------E le c tric ia n s , m a in te n a n c e -----------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e r s ) -------------------------------------Loom fix e rs _______________________
Box lo o m s --------------------------------J a c q u a rd lo o m s -----------------------P la in and dobby lo o m s ------------M a c h in ists, m a in te n a n c e -------------S la sh e r te n d e rs ____________________
S lu b b er te n d e rs 3---------------------------Long d r a f t --------------------------------T r u c k e rs , hand (including
bobbin b o y s )_____________ _______
T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e ____
T y in g -in m a c h in e o p e r a to r s --------W a rp er te n d e rs 3------------------------ H igh sp eed (300 y .p .m , and
o v er) __________________________
W e a v e rs ----------------------- ---------------Box lo o m s --------------------------------Dobby lo o m s ____________________
Ja c q u a rd lo o m s ________________
P la in lo o m s ------------------------------W om en
B a tte ry h an ds _____________________
D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s ----------------In sp e c to rs, c lo th , m a c h in e ----------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e r s ) -------------- ----------------- _
S lu b b er te n d e r s 3
---------- ------- -----Long d r a f t --------------------------------S p in n e rs, r in g - f r a m e ------------------T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e ------W a rp er te n d e rs 3 _________________
H igh sp eed (300 y .p .m . and
o v e r ) --------------------------------------W e av ers 3 --------------------------------------Box lo o m s ------------------------ -----Dobby lo o m s ____ ____ _______
P la in lo o m s _____________________
W in d e rs, y a r n 3 ----------------------------A u to m atic s p o o le r-------------------—
Cone and tu b e, a u to m a tic -------- !
Cone and tu b e, n o n a u to m a tic __
F illin g , a u to m a tic --------------------See fo o tn o tes at end of table,




U nited S tates 2
N arro w sh eetin g W ide sheetin g
F ine cotton
and a llied
and allied
N apped fa b ric s,
T ow els,
fab ric s
S p ecialties and
Duck anc allied
P rin tc lo th C o lo red -y arn
c o a rs 2 - and
c o a rs e - and
tow eling, and
b lan k e ts, and
(combei d, p a rto th e r woven
fabi *ics
y a rn fa b ric s
fa b ric s
m ediun l-y a rn
m e d iu m -y a rn
d ish clo th s
b lanketing
com bt id, and
cotton fa b ric s
fab ric s
fa b ric s
fine-c ard ed )
N um ber A verage N um ber A v erag e N um ber A v erag e N um ber A verage N u m b er A verage N um ber A verage N um be r A v erag e N u m b er A v erag e N um ber A verage
of
h o urly
of
h o u rly
of
h o u rly
of
h o urly
h o u rly
of
of
h o urly
h o u rly
of
of
h o u rly
of
hourly
w o rk e rs earn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs earn in g s w o rk e rs earn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s
52
143
11
333
90
17
116
300
291
35
41
125
111
332
119
64
380
318

$1. 99
1. 63
1. 90
1. 77
1.68
2. 19
1.42
2. 14
2. 15
2. 13
1. 72
1. 80
1. 83
1.48
1. 78
1.93
1. 88
1.90

102
272
27
1, O il
146
44
140
878
870
71
128
329
300
372
106
48
48
396
394

$ 1.96
1. 58
1.93
1.73
1. 67
2. 12
1. 39
2. 15
2. 15
2. 13
1. 83
1.75
1.77
1.45
1. 91
1. 55
1. 55
1. 80
1 .8 0

401
1, 054
118
3, 012
629
165
1, 029
3, 071
2, 972
319
459
1, 094
950
1,486
104
500
113
94
2, 111
157
1,784

$2. 09
1. 66
2. 01
1. 92
1. 78
2. 22
1.46
2. 26
2. 26
2. 21
1. 89
1. 97
1.97
1.51
1.81
2. 03
1.77
1.77
1. 97
1. 97
1. 96

186
411
69
1,442
264
93
609
2, 033
2, 030
130
369
524
504
495
221
68
68
1, 056
103
953

$2. 14
1. 62
1.96
1. 88
1. 75
2. 22
1.47
2. 27
2. 27
2. 19
1. 86
1. 93
1. 93
1. 52
_
2. 06
1. 74
1. 74
2. 01
2. 02
2. 01

56
229
26
509
119
28
216
532
506
54
160
232
204
350
_
127
36
36
464
370

$ 2. 10
1. 68
2. 13
1. 97
1. 80
2. 20
1 .44
2. 28
_
2. 28
2. 28
2. 05
1 .90
1. 91
1. 53
.
2. 01
1.92
1.92
2. 02
2. 00

325
15
104
11
600
35
96
66
337
315
514
141
151
172
50

1. 51
1. 35
1. 58
1.46
1. 67
1. 66
1. 65
1. 68
1. 75
1. 76
1. 67
1.71
1. 69
1. 63
1. 60

1, 186
34
152
38
45
33
1, 581
57
57
758
740
565
352
50
74
89

1. 46
1. 57
1.47
1. 38
1. 59
1. 65
1. 63
1. 59
1. 59
1. 82
1. 82
1. 58
1. 59
1. 61
1. 53
1. 57

3 ,416
251
1,704
367
140
140
4, 553
IQ
319
311
3, 134
169
2, 849
2, 322
1,523
275
272
252

1. 57
1. 60
1. 62
1.45
1 .89
1. 89
1. 75
1.68
1. 71
1. 70
1.98
2. 00
1.98
1.68
1. 69
1. 71
1. 67
1. 61

1, 695
60
395
30
61
61
2, 890
153
153
1, 390
67
1, 323
828
787

1. 58
1. 64
1. 52
1.43
1. 96
1.96
1. 70
1 .70
1. 70
2. 00
2. 10
1. 99
1.69
1. 70

600
47
382
26
20
20
588
54
54
606
_
570
384
235
75

1. 59
1.61
1. 62
1. 50
1. 86
1. 86
1.77
1. 70
1. 70
2. 00
_
1.99
1. 68
1. 70
1. 71

-

-

-

"

-

-

-

_
164
414
101
_

.
$ 1.64
_
1.91
1.81
_

245
855
_
137
524
_
159
178
169
569
96
127
_
.
1, 778
_
633
371
309
242
22
134
60
_
_
733
58
58
847
_
304
_
571
283
106
78
88

1.44
2. 30
_
2. 35
2. 30
_
2. 03
1. 89
1.88
1.47
1. 81
2. 02
_
_
2. 05
_
2. 05
2. 14
2. 00

47
129
27
310
65
17
173
343
_
48
247
36
64
111
87
248
_
67
45
45
490
_
_
110
65

$2. 01
1.59
1.91
1. 85
1.67
2. 18
1.44
2. 27
2. 25
2. 28
2. 20
1. 85
1. 86
1. 86
1.46
1.96
1. 62
1. 62
1. 98
_
_
2. 06
1. 94

181
358
875
280
119
553
1, 640
304
_
1,326
128
364
390
390
967
73
156
57
47
1,697
276
429
_
962

$2. 11
1. 74
1. 97
1.77
2. 27
1.48
2. 34
2. 33
_
2. 34
2. 26
2. 01
1. 93
1. 93
1. 52
1. 67
2. 13
1. 87
1.88
2. 07
2. 10
2. 06
_
2. 06

78
167
53
345
93
45
178
679
149
518
88
112
140
133
241
144
117
69
53
870
_
384
306
174

$ 2. 10
1. 62
2. 08
1. 87
1. 65
2. 28
1.47
2. 32
2.4 4
2. 29
2. 23
1. 89
1. 89
1. 89
1.47
1. 80
2. 02
1. 63
1. 59
2_
.13
1.99
2. 32
2. 11

1. 55
1. 73
1. 81
1. 40
_
_
1.73
_
1.72
1. 72
1. 98
_
1. 98
_
1.70
1.73
1. 72
1. 60
1. 67

283
13
89
_
_
_
521
_
_
_
287
_
50
157
520
58
210
50
202

1. 55
1. 53
1. 68
_
_

996
40
1, 227
152
_
_
1, 546
66
177
159
1,918
316
754
848
1,503
662
145
352
339

1.61
1. 78
1 .70
1.46
_
.
1. 80
1.71
1.80
1 .82
2. 07
1.95
2. 15
2. 04
1.69
1.74
1.73
1.68
1. 60

518
383
39
34
30
546
57
57
556
_
185
254
803
85
147
313
240

1. 54
1. 55
1.42
1. 90
1. 95
1. 76
1. 61
1. 61
2. 06
1. 95
2. 09
1. 61
1. 81
1. 52
1. 63
1. 56

1. 73
_
_
_
1. 98
_
2. 02
1.98
1.66
1. 74
1. 67
1. 65
1. 64

Table 12. Occupational Averages: Weaving and Integrated Mills by Type of Fabric— Continued
(N u m b er and a v e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o urly e arn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in w eaving and in te g ra te d (spinning and w eaving)
cotton te x tile m ills by type of fa b ric , U nited S ta te s and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)

Sex and o ccu p atio n

D uck and a llie d
fab ric s
N u m b er A v erag e
h o urly
of
w o rk e rs e a rn in g s

M en
C a rd g r in d e r s -------------------------------C a rd te n d e r s _______________________
C a rp e n te rs , m a in te n a n c e ------------D o ffe rs, s p in n in g -fra m e -------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e rs ----------------E le c tric ia n s , m a in te n a n c e -----------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e rs )-------------------------------------Loom fix e rs ---------------------------------Box lo o m s --------------------------------J a c q u a rd lo o m s -----------------------P la in and dobby lo o m s ------------M a c h in ists, m a in te n a n c e -------------S la sh e r t e n d e r s ----------------------------S lu b b er te n d e rs 3---------------------------Long d r a f t --------------------------------T ru c k e rs , hand (including
bobbin b o y s) ---------------------------------T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e ------T y in g -in m ach in e o p e r a to r s --------W a rp e r te n d e rs 3---------------------------H igh sp eed (300 y. p .m . and
o v e r ) ----------------------------- --------W e a v e rs -----------------------------------------Box lo o m s --------------------------------Dobby lo o m s ----------------------------Ja c q u a rd lo o m s -----------------------P la in lo o m s ------------------------------W om en
B a tte ry h a n d s --------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s ----------------In sp e c to rs, clo th , m a c h in e ----------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e r s )-------------------------------------S lu b b er te n d e r s 3-------- ------------------Long d r a f t --------------------------------S p in n e rs, r in g - f r a m e ------------------T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e ------W a rp er te n d e r s 3 --------------------------H igh sp eed (300 y .p .m . and
o v e r ) --------------------------------------W e a v e rs3----------------------------------------Box lo o m s --------------------------------Dobby lo o m s ----------------------------P la in lo o m s ------------------------------W in d e rs, y a rn 3 -----------------------------A u to m atic s p o o le r --------------------Cone and tu b e, a u to m a tic -------Cone and tu b e, n o n au to m atic —
F illin g , a u to m a tic ---------------------1
3
2

43
120
10
271
76
16
94
244

_

235
27
27
100
94
269
114
52
354

$ 2 . 08
1.69
1. 93
1. 83
1. 75
2. 23
1.46
2. 21
_
2. 22
2. 25
1. 87
1.89
1.91
1. 53
1.80
2. 01
-

292

_

1. 91
_
_
1. 93

253
97
11

1. 58
1. 60
1.46

497
27
71
41
242

1. 74
1. 68
1. 72
1.81
1.82

_

_

_

220
434
141
107

_
.

_

1. 83
1. 72
1.71
1. 83
_

"

S o uth east
cotton
F in e <
N arro w sheetin g Wide sh eetin g
N apped fa b ric s,
S p ec ia l tie s and
fab ric s
Tow e ls,
and allie d
and illied
C o lored -y arn
P rin tc lo th o th e r 'woven
(com be d, p a rtb lan k e ts, and
tow elir ig , and
c o a rse - and
c o a rse - and
fa b ric s
y a rn fa b ric s
cotton :fa b ric s
com be d, and
blan k etin g
d ish c lo th s
i-y a rn
m e d iu m -y a rn
m ediun
fine-ci arded)
fa b ric s
fab ric s
N um ber A verage N um ber A verage N u m b er A v erag e N um ber A v erag e N u m b er Ave rag e N u m b er A v erag e N u m b er A verage Num be r A verage
h o u rly
h o urly
of
of
h o urly
h o u rly
of
of
of
h o u rly
h o urly
of
h o urly
h o urly
of
of
w o rk e rs earn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk ers e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs earn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs earn in g s
99
261
25
983
144
44
140
843

$ 1 .9 7
1. 58
1. 94
1. 73
1. 67
2. 12
1. 39
2. 16

835
65
124
322
294
360
_
100
45
45
388
_

2. 16
2. 15
1. 84
1.75
1. 77
1.45
_
1.93
1. 55
1. 55
1._ 80
_

386

1. 80

1, 165
27
152
38
41
33
1, 529
_
54
54
720

1.46
1. 58
1.47
1. 38
1.61
1.65
1. 63
_
1.60
1. 60
1.83

702
540
343
43
74
80

1. 83
1. 58
1. 59
1. 61
1. 53
1. 58

_

_
_

_

_

_

_

369
992
114
2, 875
601
153
952
2,821

$2 . 10
1. 66
2. 02
1.93
1. 78
2. 23
1.46
2. 26

180
399
68
1,409
264
90
601
1,995
_

$2 . 14
1. 62
1.96
1.88
1.75
2. 22
1.47
2. 27

52
205
24
459
118
28
201
496

2, 740
305
428
1, 027
907
1, 399
104
458
113
94
1,990
_
157
_
1,683

2. 26
2. 22
1.88
1. 97
1. 96
1. 52
1. 81
2. 04
1. 77
1. 77
1.97
_
1.97
1.96

1,992
127
356
503
483
483
207
68
68
1, 022
_
103
_
919

2. 27
2. 19
1. 85
1.92
1.92
1. 51
2. 04
1. 74
1.74
2. 01
_
2. 02
_
2. 01

470
52
152
206
182
326
115
36
36
445

$ 2 . 14
1. 71
2. 17
2. 00
1. 80
2. 20
1. 45
2. 28
2. 28
2. 30
2. 07
1. 93
1. 93
1. 54
2. 04
1. 92
1.92
2. 04

351

2. 01

3, 146
235
1,627
355
131
131
4, 279
10
296
288
2,909
169
2,664
2, 142
1,430
268
244
200

1.57
1. 60
1. 62
1.45
1.88
1. 88
1.76
1.68
1.71
1.71
1. 98
_
2. 00
1.98
1. 68
1. 69
1. 72
1.68
1.60

1, 659
60
395
30
61
61
2,824
145
145
1, 352
_
67
1,285
801
760

1. 58
1.64
1. 52
1.43
1. 96
1. 96
1. 70
1. 70
1. 70
2. 00
_
2. 10
1 .99
1.69
i. 70

550
354
24
548
42
42
548

1.61
1. 64
1. 51
1.79
1. 78
1. 78
2. 02

512
360
235
51

2. 02
1. 69
1. 70
1. 78

.
_

_
_

_

_
_

"

1 E x clud es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h o lid ay s, and la te sh ifts.
2 Includes d a ta fo r reg io n s in a d d itio n to th o se shown se p a ra te ly .
3 Includes d a ta fo r w o rk e rs in c la ssific a tio n s in addition to th o se shown se p a ra te ly .
N O TE: D ash es in d ic a te no d a ta re p o rte d o r data th at do not m e e t publication c rite ria .




_
_

.
_

■

_

_
_

_
_

_

-

_
_

_

-

164
414
101
245
848
137
517
159
178
169
569
89
127
_

$ 1 .6 4
1. 91
1. 81
1 .44
2. 30
2. 35
2. 29
2. 03
1. 89
1. 88
1. 47
1. 83
2. 02
.

1,764
_
619
371
309

2. 05
_
2. 05
2. 14
2. 00

242
22
134
60
733
58
58
840
297
564
283
106
78
88

1. 55
1. 73
1. 81
1.40
1. 73
1.72
1. 72
1. 99
1. 99
1. 70
1. 73
1.72
1. 60
1. 67

no
65

$2. 01
1. 59
1. 91
1. 85
1. 67
2. 18
1.44
2. 27
2. 25
2. 28
2. 20
1. 85
1. 86
1. 86
1.46
1. 96
1. 62
1. 62
1. 98
2. 06
1. 94

172
331
845
276
119
513
1,547
286
1,251
127
348
376
376
950
73
147
52
44
1, 586
244
429
883

$ 2. 12
1. 75
1.97
1. 76
2. 27
1.48
2. 35
2. 34
2. 35
2. 26
2. 01
1. 92
1.92
1. 52
1.67
2. 13
1. 88
1.88
2. 07
2. 13
2. 06
2. 07

71
154
43
341
91
39
149
535
476
76
92
127
120
211
142
86
53
45
595
322
157

$2 . 12
1. 62
2. 04
1. 87
1. 63
2. 26
1. 47
2. 30
2. 29
2. 26
1. 88
1. 86
1. 85
1.46
1.80
1. 98
1. 61
1. 58
2. 03
1. 96
2. 12

283
13
89
521
~

1. 55
1. 53
1. 68
.
1. 73
-

960
34
1, 161
152
1,448
56
151
151
1,832
276
754
802
1,436
629
133
352
322

1. 62
1.73
1.70
1.46
1. 80
1. 73
1. 82
1. 82
2. 07
1. 97
2. 15
2. 05
1. 69
1. 74
1. 72
1. 68
1. 60

452
282
28
515
43
43
411
157
216
697
67
132
285
207

1. 55
1. 55
1. 38
1.75
1. 64
1. 64
2. 02
1.95
2. 05
1. 59
1.72
1. 51
1. 63
1.56

47
129
27
310
65
17
173
343
48
247
36
64
111
87
248
67
45
45
490
-

_

287
50
157
520
58
210
50
202

_

1. 98
2. 02
1. 98
1. 66
1. 74
1. 67
1. 65
1. 64

Table 13. Occupational Averages: All Mills by Size of Community
(N um ber and a v erag e s tra ig h t-tim e h o urly earn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d occup atio n in cotton te x tile m ills
in m e tro p o lita n and n o n m etro p o litan a re a s , U nited S ta te s and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)
Sex and o ccup atio n
M en
C ard g r in d e r s ------------------------------------------------------C ard te n d e r s -------------------------- ----------------------------C a rp e n te rs , m ain ten a n c e ________________________
D o ffe rs, s p in n in g -fra m e _________________________
D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s ---------------------------------------E le c tric ia n s , m a in te n a n c e ----------------------------------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry c le a n e r s ) -----------Loom f ix e r s ----------------------------------------------------------Box lo o m s -------------------------------------------------------J a c q u a rd lo o m s ----------------------------------------------P la in and dobby loom s -----------------------------------M a c h in ists, m a in te n a n c e ------------------------------------S la sh e r t e n d e r s ---------------------------------------------------S lu b b er t e n d e r s ---------------------------------------------------S ta n d a rd -----------------------------------------------------------Long d r a f t ______________________________________
T ru c k e rs , hand (including bobbin b o y s)-------------T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e ---------------------------T y in g -in m a c h in e o p e r a to r s -------------------------------W a rp e r te n d e rs 3--------- --------------------------------------H igh sp eed (300 y .p .m . and o v e r)____________
W e a v e rs3_______________________________________ __
Box lo o m s ______________________________________
Dobby lo o m s _______ _______________ _________
P la in lo o m s -----------------------------------------------------W in d e rs, y a rn -----------------------------------------------------W om en
B a tte ry h a n d s -------------------------------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s ---------------------------------------In s p e c to rs , clo th , m a c h in e ____ ________________
J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry c le a n e r s ) ________
S lu b b er te n d e rs 3___________________________________
Long d r a f t ------------------------------------------------- ---S p in n e rs, rin g - f r a m e ------------------------------------------T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e -----------------------------W a rp e r te n d e r s 3 -------------------------------------------------High sp eed (300 y .p .m . and o v e r) ____________
W e av ers 3------------------------------------- -----------------------Box lo o m s _____________ „ ____ .. _________
Dobby lo o m s ________________________ ________
P la in lo o m s — _________________________________
W in d e rs, y a r n 3 -------------------------------------------------A u to m atic spoole r _____________________________
Cone and tu b e, a u to m a tic --------- ------------------Cone and tu b e , n o n a u to m a tic ______ _________
F illin g , a u to m a tic ----------------- --------_________

U nited S tates 2
New England
S o uth east
Southw est
M etro p o litan
N o n m etro p o litan
M etro p o litan
N o n m etro p o litan
M etro p o litan
N o n m etro p o litan
N o n m etropolitan
a re a s
a re a s
a re a s
a re a s
a re a s
a re a s
a re a s
N um ber A verage N um ber A v erag e N um ber A verage N u m b er A verage N um ber A verage N u m b er A v erag e N um ber A verage
of
h o urly
of
h o urly
of
h o u rly
of
h o u rly
of
h o u rly
of
h o u rly
of
ho urly
w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs earn in g s w o rk e rs earn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s wo rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s
406
1,000
108
2, 366
523
155
1,203
2,756
63
105
2, 588
285
493
965
86
879
1, 395
289
379
166
138
2, 209
78
331
1,598
48

$2. 05
1. 66
2. 15
1.91
1. 77
2. 27
1. 45
2. 28
2. 27
2.4 6
2. 28
2. 23
1. 94
1.90
1.91
1. 90
1.51
1. 81
2. 03
1.83
1. 75
2. 06
1. 90
2. 04
2. 02
1. 78

1,340
3,246
497
8, 222
2, 217
532
3,205
7, 575
622
257
6,696
875
1,364
3, 583
318
3,265
5, 128
1,423
1, 106
548
510
7, 033
1, O il
1,656
3,731
152

$2 . 02
1. 61
2. 01
1. 83
1. 71
2. 19
1.45
2. 27
2. 30
2. 35
2. 26
2. 17
1. 92
1. 86
1.81
1. 86
1.49
1. 67
2. 03
1.71
1.71
2. 00
2. 04
2. 02
1. 96
1. 73

133
9
44
47
47
44
30
6
179
115
-

1.91
1.51
2. 31
2. 29
2. 22
2. 13
2. 16
2. 16
1. 58
2. 22
1. 73
2. 14
2. 00
-

2,546
297
1,428
384
193
189
4, 040
118
310
274
2,631
102
277
2, 170
3, 303
1,432
521
900
335

1. 58
1. 61
1. 59
1.44
1. 87
1. 87
1. 74
1.60
1.69
1.69
2. 00
1.90
2. 04
1.99
1.67
1. 70
1. 69
1. 61
1. 62

6 ,715
358
3, 142
446
361
338
14, 736
568
771
692
7 ,2 0 2
662
1,282
5, 056
12,899
4 ,6 3 0
1,285
5 ,746
973

1. 55
1 .63
1. 64
1.44
1. 84
1.86
1. 68
1. 57
1.70
1. 71
1.98
1.96
2. 07
1. 96
1.62
1. 66
1.61
1.59
1.60

115
145
190
26
18
18
124
110
164
78
35
"

1. 58
1. 57
1.77
1. 70
1. 87
1. 87
2. 06
2. 03
1.71
1. 82
1.50
■

21
48
66
63
156
-

$1. 98
1. 65
-

23
39
21
55
-

41
-

_

_
_
214
171
-

“

$2. 00
1.84
1. 93
1. 55
_
_
2. 22
-

378
921
92
Z, 243
516
146
1,111
2,4 4 2
45
2, 394
267
435
889
82
807
1, 312
280
314
137
127
1,771
46
255
1,464
24

$2. 07
1. 67
2. 15
1. 92
1. 77
2. 27
1.45
2. 28
2. 33
_
2. 28
2. 24
1. 93
1. 89
1. 94
1. 89
1. 51
1.82
2. 02
1.76
1.76
2. 03
1.95
2. 02
2. 03
1. 67

1,294
3, 138
486
7, 973
2, 161
509
3, 078
7, 230
622
239
6, 369
839
1, 315
3,479
283
3, 196
4,961
1,375
1, 045
539
507
6 ,863
1,011
1,656
3, 581
136

$ 2 . 02
1. 61
2. 01
1. 83
1.71
2. 19
1.45
2. 27
2. 30
2. 34
2. 27
2. 18
1. 92
1. 86
1.83
1.86
1.49
1.66
2. 04
1. 71
1. 71
2. 00
2. 04
2. 02
1. 97
1. 73

23
69
6
171
35
10
72
198
_
_
198
22
30
63
33
30
122
_
45
68
_
68
-

$ 1 .8 0
1. 50
1. 74
1. 68
1.44
2. 07
1. 35
2. 01
_

.

2, 349
269
1,233
369
173
173
3 ,793
92
246
228
2, 297
62
242
1,990
2,978
1, 354
455
820
291

1.59
1. 60
1. 60
1.44
1.88
1.88
1.74
1. 57
1. 70
1.71
2. 00
1.95
2. 06
2. 00
1. 66
1. 69
1. 70
1.60
1.62

6, 361
319
3, 058
435
344
329
14,249
563
722
643
6, 844
662
1,282
4 ,7 3 8
12,479
4, 528
1,217
5 ,606
894

1. 56
1. 64
1. 64
1.45
1. 84
1. 85
1. 69
1. 57
1.71
1. 73
1. 99
1.96
2. 07
1.96
1. 62
1. 65
1.62
1.59
1.60

198
29
25
12
_
273
39
39
197
197
243
57
60
69
57

1.44
1.41
1.42
_
1. 52
.
1. 51
.
1.42
1.42
1. 73
_
.
1. 73
1.46
1. 55
1.40
1.46
1.45

_
_
1.73
1. 83
-

■

_

2. 01
1.88
1. 61
1.64
1.72
1. 55
1. 33
_
1. 76
_
_
1. 76
.
.
1. 76
-

1 E x clud es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h o lid ay s, and la te sh ifts.
2 In clu d es d a ta fo r re g io n s in addition to those show n se p a ra te ly .
3 In clu d es d a ta fo r w o rk e rs in c la ssific a tio n in addition to th o se show n se p a ra te ly .
N O TE: D ash es in d ic a te no d ata re p o rte d o r d ata th a t do not m e e t p u blication c r ite r ia .




10

03

Table 14. Occupational Averages- All Mills by Size of Establishment
(N um ber and av e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d occup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills
by size of e sta b lish m e n t, U nited S tates and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)

Sex and o ccu p atio n

M en
B a tte ry h a n d s __________________
C ard g r i n d e r s -------------------------C ard te n d e r s ___________________
C a rp e n te rs , m a in te n a n c e ------D o ffe rs, s p in n in g -fra m e -------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s ----------E le c tric ia n s , m a in te n a n c e -----J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e rs ) ----------------------------Loom f ix e r s ----------------------------Box lo o m s --------------------------Ja c q u a rd lo o m s -----------------P la in and dobby lo o m s ------M a c h in ists, m a in te n a n c e -------S la sh e r te n d e rs ----------------------S lu b b er t e n d e r s ----------------------S ta n d a rd ------------------------------Long d r a f t --------------------------T ru c k e rs , hand (including
bobbin b o y s )--------------------------T w iste r tende rs , rin g -fr a m e —
T y ing -in m ach in e o p e ra to rs —
W a rp er te n d e rs 3---------------------H igh sp eed (300 y. p .m .
and o v e r)------------------- -------W eav ers ---------------------------------Box loom s --------------------------Dobby lo o m s ----------------------Ja c q u a rd lo o m s -----------------P la in lo o m s -----------------------W in d e rs, y a rn ------------------------

U nited
20—249
250-499
w o rk e rs
w o rk e rs
Num - A v e r- N um - A v erber
age
age
ber
of h o u rly of h o urly
w o rk - e a rn - w o rk - e a rn ings
m gs
e rs
e rs

264 $1.49
23 $1. 62
17 $1. 57
159 $ 1.44
480 2. 08
322 1.87
521 2. 03
423 2. 08
816 1. 50 1,310 1. 61 1,015 1. 64 1, 105 1.70
55 1. 78
297 2. 16
136 1. 93
117 1. 98
1,812 1. 68 2,924 1. 84 2,677 1. 91 3, 175 1. 90
586 1. 59
550 1. 74
861 1.73
743 1 .80
180 2. 16
161 2. 20
304 2. 25
42 2. 09
740 1 .4 0 1,242 1. 45 1, 170 1.47 1,256 1.45
635 2. 21 2, 726 2. 23 3, 150 2. 28 3, 820 2. 30
155 2. 29
153 2. 28
299 2. 33
41 2. 31
80 2. 25
193 2. 39
509 2. 17 2,493 2. 23 2, 954 2. 28 3, 328 2. 29
451 2. 25
324 2. 15
267 2. 22
118 1. 92
111 1. 78
472 1.87
538 1.89
736 2. 00
994 1.73 1,203 1.85 1,081 1. 97 1,270 1.91
140 1. 76
126 1. 98
52 1. 66
942 1.73 1,063 1.86
955 1.97 1, 184 1. 91
739 1. 46 1,567 1.48 1,594 1. 51 2, 623 1. 50
394 ! 1.75
360 1. 78
315 1. 81
643 1. 55
438 2. 06
505 2. 06
122 1. 93
420 1. 98
174 1. 75
190 1.71
163 1. 66
187 1. 84
151 1. 65
162 1. 75
177 1. 85
158 1. 62
604 1. 99 2, 023 1.95 2,441 2. 01 4 , 174 2. 05
266 2. 01
187 2. 01
225 1. 83
365 2. 02
340 2. 02 1,057 2. 06
521 2. 20
125 1.93
88 2. 15
224 1 .99 1,346 1.93 1,747 2. 01 2, 012 2. 00
42 1 .68
40 1. 77
39 1. 58
79 1.84

See fo o tn o tes at end of ta b le .




S tates 2
New England
1,000 w o rk e rs 500-999
500-999
1,000 w o rk e rs
o r m o re
w orlcers
o r m o re
w o rk e rs
N um - A v er- N um - A v e r- N u m ­ A v e r­ N u m ­ A v e r­
ber
age
ber
age
ber
age
ber
age
of h o urly of h o urly of h o u rly of h o urly
w o rk - e a rn - w o rk - e a rn - w o rk ­ e a rn ­ w o rk ­ e a rn e rs
ings
e rs
e rs .ings
in fis e rs ings
_
_
24 $1.99
40 1 .70
55 1.90
59 1. 51
103 2. 28
103 2. 28
33 2. 14
47 2. 20
47 2. 20
51 1. 56
25 2. 17
121 1. 97
121 1.97
-

S o uth east
1,000 w o rk e rs
20-249
250-499
500-999
w o rk e rs
w o rk e rs
w o rk e rs
o r m o re
N u m ­ A v e r­ N um ­ A v e r­ N u m ­ A v e r­ N u m ­ A v e r­
ber
age
ber
ber
age
ber
age
age
of h o urly of h o u rly of h o urly of h o urly
w o rk ­ e a rn ­ w o rk ­ e a rn ­ w o rk ­ e a rn ­ w o rk ­ e a rn ­
ings
e rs
ings
ings
ings
e rs
e rs
e rs

_ _
17 $1.57
314 1.87
18 $2. 00
794 1. 51
37 1.80
52 1.76
1,769 1. 68
14 1. 86
576 1. 59
40 2. 07
47 1.56
714 1.41
500 2. 17
_
440 2. 16
114 1. 92
102 1.79
973 1. 73
46 1. 69
927 1. 74
696 1.46
632 1. 55
87 1. 89
160 1. 63
152 1. 62
384 1.87
175 1. 75
189 2. 00
24 1.45
20 1. 69

142 $ 1.44
258 $1.48
506 2. 04
390 2. 09
948 1. 64
1,249 1. 62
128 1.93
112 1. 98
2, 777 1.85 2, 562 1. 91
842 1.73
530 1. 74
174 2. 16
149 2. 20
1, 194 1. 45 1, 07 2 1.48
2, 538 2. 24 2, 948 2. 28
155 2. 29
153 2. 28
41 2. 31
55 2. 31
2, 330 2. 24 2, 752 2. 28
296 2. 18
258 2. 22
441 1.89
496 1. 88
1, 154 1. 85 1,010 1.96
131 1.77
102 2. 03
1,023 1.86
908 1.96
1, 479 1.49 1, 507 1. 51
360 1. 78
389 1.76
390 3. 00
389 2. 07
158 1. 66
174 1. 75
162 1. 75
146 1.66
1,923 1. 96 2, 287 2. 02
187 2. 01
266 2. 01
340 2. 02
357 2. 03
108 1.94
88 2. 15
1,271 1. 93 1, 593 2. 01
37 1. 59
79 1. 84

23 $1. 62
462 2. 09
1,068 1. 70
286 2. 15
3, 108 1. 91
729 1.80
292 2. 26
1,209 1.45
3,686 2. 30
299 2. 33
146 2. 35
3, 241 2. 30
438 2. 26
711 2. 00
1, 231 1.90
1, 145 1.90
2, 591 1. 50
274 1. 80
493 2. 06
184 1.84
174 1. 85
4, 040 . 2. 04
1,039 2. 06
425 2. 14
1,992 2. 00
20 1. 85

S outhw est
250-499
worlk ers
N u m ­ A v e r­
ber
age
of h o u rly
w o rk ­ e a rn ­
e rs
ings
_ _
14 $1. 72
52 1.40
127 1. 67
15 1.40
30 1. 31
119 1. 97
119 1.97
22 1.87
24 1. 53
49 1. 66
40 1. 68
85 1. 31
25 1.64
-

45
45

-

1. 65
1. 65
-

Table 14. Occupational Averages: All Mills by Size of Establishmeni — Continued
(N um ber and av e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d occup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills
by siz e of e sta b lish m e n t, U nited S tates and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)

Sex and o ccup atio n

W om en
B a tte ry h a n d s ------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s -------------In sp e c to rs, clo th , m a c h in e -------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e r s ) ________________________
S lu b b er t e n d e r s __________________
Long d r a f t ------------------------------S p in n e rs, r in g - f r a m e ----------------T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e ---W a rp er te n d e rs 3-------------------------High sp eed (300 y .p .m . and
o v e r ) ------------------------------------W e a v e rs3-------------------------------------Box lo o m s ------------------------------Dobby lo o m s --------------------------P la in lo o m s ---------------------------W in d e rs, y a r n 3 --------------------------A utom atic s p o o le r -----------------Cone and tube , a u to m a tic ------Cone and tu b e,
n o n a u to m a tic -----------------------F illin g , a u to m a tic ------------------

United S tates 2
New England
S o uth east
1,000 w o rk e rs
1,000 w o rk e rs
500-999
20-249
500-999
1,000 w o rk e rs
250-499
500-999
20-249
250-499
w o rk e rs
w o rk e rs
w o rk e rs
o r m o re
o r m o re
wo rlcers
w o rk e rs
wo rk e rs
w o rk e rs
o r m o re
N um - A v e r- N um - A v er- N um - A v e r- N um - A v e r­ N um ­ A v e r­ N um ­ A v e r­ N um ­ A v e r­ N um ­ A v e r­ N um ­ A v e r­ N um ­ A v e r­
b e r age
b e r age
b e r age
b e r age
b e r age
b e r age
b e r age
b e r age
b e r age
ber
age
of h o urly of hourly of h o urly of h o urly of h o urly of h o urly of h o urly of h o urly of h o u rly of h o u rly
w ork- e a rn - w ork- e a rn - w o rk - e a rn - w o rk - e a rn ­ w o rk ­ e a r n ­ w o rk ­ e a rn ­ w o rk ­ e a r n ­ w o rk ­ e a rn ­ w o rk ­ e a r n ­ w o rk ­ e a rn ­
ings e rs
ings
e rs
ings _ e rs
e rs
ings
e rs
ings
e rs i n g s e rs
ings
ings
e rs
e rs
ings
e rs
ings
538 $ 1 .4 6 2,484 $ 1. 53 2, 820 $ 1.58 3,419 $ 1.58
121 1.60
203 1.66
245 1.63
86 1. 50
271 1.46 1, 069 1. 57 1, 212 1. 63 2, 018 1. 67
42 1.42
382 1.43
197 1.47
209 1.44
154 1.91
84 1. 68
201 1.83
115 1.93
150 1.92
185 1.86
115 1.93
77 1.67
3, 761 1. 57 5, 394 1.69 4, 7 07 1. 73 4, 914 1. 76
171 1.72
62 1.57
116 1.74
337 1.45
340 1.68
337 1.76
148 1. 53
256 1.72
76 1.51
332 1.76
3 06 1. 68
252 1. 72
626 1.87 2, 365 1.95 2, 657 2. 00 4, 185 2. 02
184 2. 03
154 1.98
76 1.79
196 2. 03
255 2. 04 1, 032 2. 10
382 1.92 1, 936 1.93 2, 222 1.99 2, 686 1.98
4, 569 1. 54 5, 000 1. 63 3, 042 1.68 3, 691 1.66
1, 168 1. 54 1,803 1.65 1,457 1. 70 1, 634 1.74
466 1. 63
388 1. 77
373 1.71
579 1. 50
2, 578 1. 55 2, 135 1. 62
866 1.59 1, 067 1. 67
451 1. 56
132 1.44
256 1.63
469 1.67

116 $ 1.63
147 1.79
17 1.78
17 1.78
71 2. 00
71 2. 00
82 1. 78
67 1.79
-

"

-

~

_
-

-

-

-

194
13
-

"

_

504 $ 1 .4 7 2, 301 $ 1. 54 2, 614 $ 1. 58 3, 291 $ 1. 58
92 1. 65
190 1.65
73 1.52
233 1. 62
211 1.47 1, 033 1. 57 1, 153 1. 64 1,894 1. 68
185 1.47
374 1.43
36 1.42
209 1.44
70 1.71
187 1. 84
110 1. 90
150 1.91
n o 1.90
67 1. 69
146 1.91
179 1. 86
3, 688 1.58 5, 168 1. 70 4 ,4 7 6 1.73 4 ,7 1 0 1.76
52 1. 56
327 1.44
107 1. 73
169 1.73
298 1. 71
110 1. 52
230 1.72
330 1. 76
264 1.72
56 1 .52
226 1. 72
325 1. 76
414 1. 82 2, 151 1.97 2, 517 2. 00 4, 059 2. 02
_
184 2. 03
154 1. 98
_
54 1.75
185 2. 04
255 2. 04 1,030 2. 10
268 1.94 1, 764 1.95 2, 082 1. 99 2, 614 1.98
$ 1. 83 4, 355 1.53 4, 850 1.64 2, 855 1. 68 3, 397 1. 70
1, 168 1. 54 1,778 1.66 1,348 1. 70 1, 588 1. 73
1. 83
547 1. 50
376 1. 77
360 1.70
389 1.66
2, 482 1.55 2, 115 1. 62
990 1.66
839 1. 59
94 1.40
220 1. 65
442 1.66
429 1. 56
-

-

Southw est
250-499
w o rk e rs
N um ­ A v e r­
b e r age
of ho urly
w o rk ­ e a rn ­
e rs
ings
136 $ 1. 33
29 1.44
14 1.64
177 1.49
36 1.42
36 1.42
152 1. 69
_ .
_ _
152 1.69
123 1.42
_ .
67 1.46
_ _
21 1. 37

1 E x clud es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h o lid ay s, and la te sh ifts.
2 In clu d es d a ta fo r reg io n s in addition to th o se shown se p a ra te ly .
3 In clu d es d ata fo r w o rk e rs in c la ssific a tio n in addition to th o se show n se p a ra te ly .
N O TE: D ash es in d ic a te no d ata re p o rte d o r d ata th at do no t m e e t p u b licatio n c r ite r ia .




10

01

Table 15. Occupational Averages: All Mills by Method of Wage Payment
(N um ber and av e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills
by m ethod of wage p ay m ent, U nited S tates and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)
Sex and o ccup atio n
M en
C ard g rin d e rs _____________________________________ ___
C ard te n d e r s --------------------------------------------------------------C a rp e n te rs , m a in te n a n c e -----------------------------------------D o ffe rs, sp in n in g -fra m e - __________________ ______
D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e rs „ ---------------------------------------E le c tric ia n s , m a in te n a n c e ----------------------------------------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry c le a n e r s ) ----------------Loom fix e rs 3 --------- ------------------------------------------------Ja c q u a rd lo o m s ----------------------------------------------------P la in and dobby lo o m s -----------------------------------------M a c h in ists, m a in ten a n c e -----------------------------------------S la sh e r tende r s ------ ------- ---------------------- — --------S lu b b er te n d e rs ---------------------------------------------------------S tan d ard ------------------- --------------------------------------Long d r a f t -------------------------------------------------------------T ru c k e rs , hand (including bobbin b o y s )------------------T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e -----------------------------------T y in g -in m a ch in e o p e r a to r s -------------------------------------W a rp er te n d e rs 3-------------------------------------------- --------High sp eed (300 y .p .m . and o v e r) ----------------------W e a v e rs 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------Dobby lo o m s ---------------------------------------------------------P la in lo o m s ----------------------------------------------------------W in d e rs, y a rn ----------------------------------------------------------W om en
B a tte ry hands ------------------------------------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s ---------------------------------------------In sp e c to rs, clo th , m a c h in e --------------------------------------S lu b b er te n d e r s ---------------------------------------------------------Long d r a f t -------------------------------------------------------------S p in n e rs, rin g -fra m e . -------------------------------------------T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e -----------------------------------W a rp er te n d e r s 3--------------------------------------------------------High sp eed (300 y .p .m . and o v e r) --------------------------------------W e a v e rs3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Dobby lo o m s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P la in lo o m s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------W in d ers, y a r n 3 -------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------A utom atic s p o o le r ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cone and tu b e, a u to m a tic -------------------------------------------------------------Cone and tu b e , n o n a u to m a tic ----------------------------------------------------F illin g , a u to m a tic -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

United S tates 2
New E ngland
S o uth east
S outhw est
Incentive
Incentive
In cen tiv e
Incentive
T im ew o rk ers
T im e w o rk e rs
T im e w o rk e rs
Tim ew o rk e rs
w o rk e rs
w o rk e rs
w o rk e rs
w o rk e rs
N um ber A verage N um ber A verage N um ber A v erag e Num be r A verage N u m b er A v erag e N u m b er A v erag e N u m b er A v erag e N u m b er A verage
h o urly
of
h o u rly
of
of
h o urly
of
h o urly
of
h o u rly
of
h o u rly
of
h o urly
h o urly
of
w o rk e rs e arn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk ers e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s w o rk e rs e a rn in g s
$2. 02
1.60
2. 04
1. 70
1. 57
2. 21
1.44
2. 26
2. 38
2. 26
2. 18
1. 89
1.66
1. 69
1. 65
1.49
1. 57
2. 01
1. 69
1. 65
1.96
2. 02
1.89
1.64

74
632
8,252
2, 043
118
1,536
46
1,412
22
250
4, 123
330
3, 793
166
904
398
257
253
8, 970
1, 898
5, 196
124

$ 2 . 22
1. 76
1.89
1. 77
1. 60
2. 30
2.40
2. 30
2. 37
2. 13
1. 89
1.87
1.89
1.60
1.80
2. 08
1.84
1.84
2. 02
2. 02
1.98
1.80

38
55
16
18
118
190
167
23
50
77
6
6
-

$ 1 .9 8
1.66
2. 21
2. 16
1. 53
2. 25
2. 24
2. 20
2. 02
1. 54
1. 73
1.73
-

.
32
142
26
96
78
86
86
34
257
173
-

$ 1 .8 6
1. 89
1. 98
_
_
2. 35
2. 33
2. 20
2. 20
2. 20
2. 11
1.99
-

6, 849
190
3,489
104
98
11, 247
526
791
684
286
26
218
5,449
2, 189
628
, 822
665

1. 54
1. 54
1. 57
1.73
1. 74
1.66
1. 53
1. 66
. 66
1. 87
2. 03
1.86
1. 55
1. 59
1. 52
1. 53
1. 52

2, 412
465
1, 081
450
429
7, 529
160
290
282
9, 547
1,533
7,008
10,753
3,873
1, 178
4 ,824
643

1. 61
1.65
1. 80
1.88
1. 89
1. 76
1.72
1.80
1.81
1. 99
2. 07
1. 97
1. 67
1. 71
1. 69
. 62
. 68

79
204

1. 54
1. 57

192
19

1.61
1 .90

101
18
18

1. 70
1.78
1.78

303

1.76

79

1. 57

1

1

1

-

-

-

35

1

1 E xcludes p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h o lid ay s, and la te sh ifts.
2 Includes d a ta fo r re g io n s in ad d itio n to th o se shown se p a ra te ly .
3 Includes d a ta fo r w o rk e rs in c la ssific a tio n in addition to th o se shown se p a ra te ly .
N O TE: D ash es in d ic a te no d a ta re p o rte d o r d ata th at do not m e e t p u blication c rite ria .




_

1, 672
3, 614
601
2, 336
697
675
4, 290
8, 795
316
7, 872
1, 138
1, 607
425
74
351
6, 357
808
1, 087
457
395
272
89
133
76

-

-

-

1.46
■

-

-

243
189
256
113
20
-

“

-

-

2. 08
2. 07
1.84
1.87
1. 84
_

-

146
49
_
-

$ 1. 77
1 .40
1. 70
1. 55
1. 35
2. 07
1. 34
2. 07
_
2. 07
1. 88
1. 61
1.62
_
1. 32
1. 76
.
_
-

_
_
.
166
22
_
_
_
_
_
_
69
29
40
_
85
_
85
-

_
_
_
$ 1. 74
1. 48
_
_
_
_
_
.
1.65
1. 74
1. 59
_
1.75
1. 75
-

155
19
53
8
177
37
37

1. 29
1. 36
1. 36
1. 63
1.42
1.43
1.43

102
25
14
8
148

1. 58
1.45
1. 59
1. 70
1. 60

106
18

1.43
1. 50

57

1.45

245
245
165
39
77
49
-

1.73
1.73
1.49
1. 57
1.43
1. 52

1, 604
3,488
574
2, 273
682
643
4, 071
8, 266
214
7 ,463
1, 084
1,513
400
64
336
6, 119
756
1, 005
419
381
191
61
124
47

$ 2 . 03
1. 60
2. 04
1. 71
1. 58
2. 21
1 .44
2. 27
2. 33
2. 26
2. 19
1. 90
1.66
1. 72
1. 65
1.49
1. 56
2. 02
1. 66
1.65
1. 90
1. 92
1. 89
1.65

68
571
7 ,9 4 3
1,995
_
118
1,406
28
1, 300
22
237
3, 968
301
3, 667
154
899
354
257
253
8, 443
1,850
4, 921
113

$ 2. 23
1.76
1. 89
1.77
_
1. 60
2. 31
2. 38
2. 31
2. 37
2. 12
1. 89
1. 88
1.89
1. 59
1. 80
2. 08
1. 84
1.84
2. 01
2. 02
1.99
1. 76

29
67
8
61
14
10
87
209
_
209
24
39
22
-

6, 592
167
3, 210
90
90
10, 969
512
704
615
198
16
180
5, 179
2, 161
591
1, 758
558

1.55
1. 56
1. 57
1. 75
1. 75
1. 66
1. 53
1. 67
1. 68
1. 88
1. 94
1. 87
1. 55
. 59
1. 51
1. 53
1. 52

2, 118
421
1, 081
427
412
7, 073
143
264
256
8, 943
1, 508
6, 548
10,278
3, 721
1,081
4 ,6 6 8
627

l. 61
1. 65
1.80
1. 88
1. 88
1. 76
1. 72
. 82
1. 83
1. 99
2. 07
1.98
1. 67
1.71
1.71
. 62
1. 67

1

1

1

-

.
.

_
-

_

_

-

-

Table 16. Occupational Earnings: Alabama
(N um ber and a v erag e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
Sex and o ccup atio n
A ll p ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs
M en ------------------------W om en -------------------S ele c te d p ro d u c tio n occup atio ns—
m en
B a tte ry h an ds (a ll tim e w o r k e r s ) -----------C a rd g rin d e rs (a ll tim e w o rk e rs )-----------C ard te n d e r s -------------------------------------------T i m e --------------------------------------------------C a rp e n te rs , m a in ten a n c e (all
ti m e w o r k e r s ) ---------------------------------------C o m b er te n d e rs 2 ----------------------------------D o ffe rs , sp in n in g -fra m e -----------------------T im e --------------------------------------------------In cen tiv e -------------------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e rs ------------------------T im e ---------------------------------------------------In cen tiv e -------------------------------------------D ra w in g -in m a c h in e o p e ra to rs -------------T im e --------------------------------------------------E le c tric ia n s , m a in ten a n c e (all
tim e w o rk e rs) ---------------------------------------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e rs) (a ll tim e w o r k e r s ) ----------------Loom fix e rs 3 ------------------------------------------T im e ----------------------------------------------------

P la in and dobby lo o m s ----------------------T im e ---------------------------------------------In cen tiv e --------------------------------------M a c h in ists, m a in ten a n c e (all
tim e w o rk e rs) ---------------------------------------S la sh e r t e n d e r s --------------------------------------T i m e ---------------------------------------------------S lu b b er te n d e rs , long d r a f t ------------------I n c e n tiv e --------------------------------------------T r u c k e rs , hand (including bobbin
boys) (a ll tim e w o rk e rs) ----------------------T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e ----------------T i m e ---------------------------------------------------I n c e n tiv e --------------------------------------------T y in g -in m a ch in e o p e r a to r s ------------------T i m e ---------------------------------------------------I n c e n tiv e --------------------------------------------W a rp er te n d e rs , high sp eed
(300 y .p .m . and o v e r) -----------------------T i m e ---------------------------------------------------W eav ers (all in ce n tiv e w o rk e rs) 3 --------Box lo o m s ------------------------------------------Dobby lo o m s -------------------------------------P la in loom s --------------------------------------See fo o tn o tes at end of tab le.




A verage $1. 25
h ourly
of
w o rk e rs e arn in g s 1 u and
n d er
$ 1. 30
21,504
$1. 75
449
13,516
310
1.79
7,988
1. 68
139

13
181
493
477
42
27
1,165
239
926
287
79
208
18
15
75
330
875
768
107
833
726
107
112
176
158
582
572
634
142
109
33
161
132
29
68
50
948
43
173
666

1. 51
2.03
1. 64
1. 64
2 .04
1. 65
1.85
1.81
1. 86
1.73
1.67
1.76
1.95
1.95
2. 20
1.44
2. 24
2. 26
2. 11
2. 24
2.26
2. 11
2. 14
1.98
2.00
1.91
1.91
1.52
1.72
1.63
2.01
2.01
2.01
2.02
1.76
1.65
2.01
1.93
2.08
1.98

_
2
2
1
_
_
.
2
2

$1. 30
$1. 35
187
114
73

$ 1 . 35
"
$ 1 .4 0
513
363
150

_
30
-

_
5
5
4
4
26
_
3
3
139
_
-

_
_
.
-

N um ber of w o rk e rs receiv in g stra ig h t -tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s of—
$ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .6 0 'T 2 . T o " $T. 26 ■ $Oo
$ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 . 10 $ 2. 20 $ 2 . 30 $2. 40
1420
1070
3987
3505
2487
2214
1592
1371
1248
1006
334
682
933
1243
2202
1222
1227
1669
1057
1098
974
316
487
388
1244
1785
1836
987
370
314
150
32
18

33
33
_
8
_
13
13
170
.
3
3
85
_
2
2

6
46
46
_
4
4
4
20
6
14
57
-

_
12
12
33
_
'
_
1
1

7
33
33

_

2
100
30
70
19
3
16
11
-

_
27
27
145
44
44
_
22
22

-

_
155
155
3
57
57
58
29
29
2
35
-

-

_

6
_
52
52
232
35
35
_
6
6
8
8

14
6
2
6

39
217
210
4
4
175
36
139
74
41
33
.
1
1
1
1

_

_
_
49
49
_
25
23
2
3
3
10
8
49
4
2
43

_
6
-

.

7
477
173
304
55
_
55
3
3
2
_
_
_
_
17
43
31
107
107
_
19
7
12
6
6
14
12
126
2
11
113

15
3
8
_
201
201
24
_
24
9
9
3
.
2
_
2
2
_
2
17
72
72
151
141
_
2

_
2

79
74
5
2

212
13
26
169

46
and
o v er
121
106
15

T t :

26

97

10
_
61
.
61
11
_
11
_
15

6
2
46
_
46
6
_
6
3
3
8

4
_
8
_
19
19
_
_
_
35

_
_
3
_
9
9
3
_
3
.
12

106
36
70
106
36
70
4
22
22
84
84

55
27
28
52
24
28
12
_
_
64
64

542
536
6
524
518
6
51
33
33
21
21

169
169
148
148
11

4
4

5
5

3
_
3
21
17
4
4
_
325
16
51
252

10
10
12
10

4
_
4
30
25
5

_
_
3
3

.
58
_
28

_
_
_
1
_
1
1
15
1
4

2

2

2
6

_
138
1
47
70

_

_
_
-

_

9
9
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_

_

_
6
2

4

fO

00

Table 16. Occupational Earnings: Alabama----Continued
(N um ber and av e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o urly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
S ex and o ccu p atio n
S ele c te d p ro d u c tio n o cc u p a tio n s—
w om en
B a tte ry h an ds -----------------------------------------C o m b er te n d e rs 2 ------------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e rs -------------------------I n c e n tiv e ---------------------------------------------In s p e c to rs , c lo th , m a c h in e (all
tim e w o rk e rs) ----------------------------------------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e rs) (a ll tim e w o r k e r s ) ----------------S lu b b er te n d e rs , long d ra ft (all
in ce n tiv e w o rk e rs) -------------------------------S p in n e rs, rin g -fra m e ---------------------------T im e --------------------------------------------------In cen tiv e ---------------------------------------------T w iste r te n d e rs , rin g -fra m e (all
tim e w o rk e rs) --------------------------------------W a rp er te n d e rs , high sp eed (300 y .p .m .
and o v er) ----------------------------------------------T im e ---------------------------------------------------In cen tiv e ---------------------------------------------W eav ers (all in c e n tiv e w o rk e rs )3 ----------P la in lo o m s ----------------------------------------W in d e rs, y a r n 3 ---------------------------------------T im e ----------------------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------------------A u to m atic sp o o le r ----------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------------------Cone and tu b e, a u to m a tic -----------------T im e ----------------------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------------------Cone and tu b e, n o n au to m atic -----------In cen tiv e ---------------------------------------F illin g , au to m a tic -----------------------------T im e ---------------------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------------------S ele c te d o ffice o cc u p a tio n s—
w om en
C le rk s, p a y ro ll -------------------------------------S te n o g ra p h e rs, g e n e ra l -------------------------T y p ists, c la s s B ------------------------------------1
a tim e
2
3

N um ber A verage $1. 25
hourly
of
w o rk e rs e arn in g s 1 u and
n der
$1. 30
1,043
965
23
38
29
404
70
53
2,075
1, 151
924
57
118
75
43
713
646
1,681
453
1,228
547
397
227
61
166
806
622
89
46
43

$1. 55
1. 55
1.81
1.75
1.80
1. 60
1.47
1.86
1.73
1. 70
1 .76
1. 68
1.78
1.7 2
1.87
1 .95
1.9 4
1. 70
1. 68
1. 71
1.76
1.77
1.65
1.60
1. 67
1. 67
1. 67
1. 77
1. 67
1. 87

34
20
14

1.97
1.98
1. 60

.
-

1
1
_
_
_
28
_
28
_
4
_
4
24
24
-

-

N um ber of w o rk e rs re c eiv in g stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly earn in g s of—
$1 . 30 T I 7 3 5 ~ $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $1. 90 $ 2. 00

$2. 10

$ 2. 20

$2. 30
$ 2. 40

$ 1 . 35

$ 1 .4 0

$ 1 .4 5

$ 1. 50

$ 1 .6 0

$ 1 .7 0

$ 1 .8 0

$ 1 .9 0

$ 2 .0 0

$ 2. 10

$2 . 20

$2 . 30

10
10
.
2
1
36
_
36
-

2
2
3
-

90
90
8
33
132
122
10
1
1
53
53
9
9
4
4
40
40
-

167
159
3
38
15
11
11

351
337
7
8
2
178
16

7
6
6
25

2
4
4

2
5
5

1
4
4

“
3
2
2

“
"
"
2
2

84
12
72
5
5
30
12
18
49
49
-

435
379
1
4
4
155
3
5
162
89
73
12
12
10
2
5
5
175
44
131
21
21
42
22
20
90
90
10
10
-

1

1

2

1
3
4

_
_

36
36
-

-

-

-

-

$2 40
and
o v er

-

_
-

55
55
1
1
2
_
2
52
52
-

2

-

-

_

9
208
86
122
16
22
14
8
50
45
381
182
199
78
78
64
6
58
230
62
9
8
1

8
904
549
355
19
45
31
14
66
63
457
215
242
275
125
56
21
35
86
70
40
28
12
13
2
1

“
6
532
305
227
10
25
20
5
107
107
187
187
100
100
3
3
68
68
16
16

9
83
83

13
23
23

"
"
■
5
5

2
2
154
147
105
105
33
33
16
16
48
48
8
8

1
1
211
198
61
61
11
11
2
2
45
45
3
3

3
3
106
74
28
28
8
8
2
2
16
16
2
2

3
3
10
6
16
16
6
6
2
■
2
7
7
1
■
1

3
5

3
3

5
1

2
1

3
3

"
■
"

"

"
2
2
“
2

"
1
-

"

-

14
14
14
14
“

4
4
2
1
1
~
~
-

1
1

_

"
'

-

4

2

E x clud es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and for w ork on w eekends, h o lid a y s, and la te sh ifts. A p p ro x im ately 70 p e rc e n t of the p ro d uctio n w o rk e rs c o v ered by the study w ere paid on
b a s is . In fo rm a tio n fo r w o rk e rs in finishing and fab ricatin g d e p a rtm e n ts h as b een o m itted fro m the w age d ata.
In su fficie n t d a ta to w a rra n t p re se n ta tio n of se p a ra te av e ra g e s by m ethod of w age paym ent; p red o m in a n tly in cen tiv e w o rk e rs.
In clu d es d a ta fo r w o rk e rs in c la ssific a tio n in addition to those shown se p a ra te ly .




Table 17. Occupational Earnings: Charlotte, N.C.1
(N um ber and av e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o urly earn in g s 2 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
N um ber A verage $ 1. 25
of
h ourly
and
w o rk e rs e a rn in g s2 u n der
$ 1. 30
A ll p ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs ----------------- 29,677 $ 1 .6 7
850
M en ------------------------------------------- 18,533
1.72
346
504
W o m en --------------------------------------- 11,144
1.59
S ele c te d p ro d u ctio n
o c c u p atio n s— m en
_
268
1.90
C ard g rin d e rs (a ll tim e w o rk e rs) —
525
C ard te n d e r s ---------------------------------1. 53
4
485
T im e -----------------------------------------1 .52
In cen tiv e ----------------------------------40
1.58
4
255
C o m b er te n d e rs ---------------------------1.65
94
T i m e ----------------------------------------1.50
161
In c e n tiv e ------------------------------------1.7 4
D o ffe rs , s p in in g -fra m e --------------1. 68
4
1,295
T im e ----------------------------------------534
1.52
In cen tiv e ----------------------------------761
4
1.80
D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s ---------------438
4
1. 64
155
T im e -----------------------------------------1.47
In cen tiv e ----------------------------------283
1.73
4
D ra w in g -in m a ch in e o p e ra to rs ---- 36
1.9 4
T im e ----------------------------------------18
2. 01
J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e rs) (all tim e w o rk e rs) ------620
13
1.40
L oom fix e rs 3 --------------------------------- 1,033
2. 25
T im e ------------------------------------956
2. 24
753
P la in and dobby lo o m s ------------2. 24
T im e ------------------------------------714
2. 23
S la sh e r te n d e rs ----------------------------186
2. 04
T im e -----------------------------------------68
1.85
631
1. 73
S lu b b er te n d e rs , long d ra ft --------T im e ----------------------------------------111
1. 54
In cen tiv e ----------------------------------520
1. 77
T r u c k e rs , hand (including bobbin
boys) (all tim e w o rk e rs) -------------912
1.44
T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e ------532
1. 56
16
T im e ----------------------------------------327
1.44
16
205
In cen tiv e ----------------------------------1. 75
T y in g -in m ach in e o p e ra to rs 4 ------156
1.97
W a rp er te n d e rs 4 --------------------------1. 69
169
W eav ers (all in c e n tiv e w o rk e rs)31,596
1.99
Dobby loom s ----------------------------583
1.94
S e lected p ro d u c tio n
o c cu p atio n s— w om en
B a tte ry h a n d s --------------------------------520
1.50
39
T im e -----------------------------------------500
1. 50
35
C o m b er te n d e rs ---------------------------53
1.46
4
In cen tiv e ----------------------------------32
1. 53
4
In s p e c to rs , c lo th , m ach in e --------311
1 .75
30
165
T im e -----------------------------------------1.50
30
146
2.0 3
In cen tiv e ----------------------------------S lu b b er te n d e rs , long d ra ft --------57
1.57
T im e -----------------------------------------23
1.46
In cen tiv e ----------------------------------34
1.65
24
S p in n e rs, rin g -fra m e ------------------- 2, 639
1.59
T i m e ------------------------------------------ 1,522
1.50
24
In cen tiv e ----------------------------------1,117
1.70
T r u c k e rs , hand (including bobbin
46
1.4 4
g irls ) (all tim e w o rk e rs )-------------Sex and o ccup atio n

See foo tn o tes a t end of tab le.




$1. 30

$1. 35

S I. 40

N u m b er of w o rk e rs re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s of—
S I. 45 S I. 50 s i . 60 S I. 70 $ 1 .8 0 S I . 90 $2. 00 $2. 10

$1. 35
1034
615
419

$ 1 .4 0
2034
1078
956

$ 1 .4 5
3437
2556
881

$1. 50
2844
1599
1245

$1. 60
4721
1881
2840

$1. 70
3403
1969
1434

$ 1. 80
2657
1498
1159

$ 1.90
1795
1337
458

$2. 00
2080
1653
427

$2. 10
1910
1479
431

_
31
31
15
15
39
35
4
4
4
110
12
4
8
12
13
5
8
4
-

_
27
19
8
4
4
83
81
2
34
26
8
-

_
24
24
_
61
49
12
26
16
10
_

_
79
79
25
25
145
134
11
76
63
13
_

9
166
166
86
46
40
122
38
84
78
34
44
1
_

320
_
1
27
15
12
436
8
6
2
21
33
30

53
_
2
24
16
8
333
116
106
10
3
11
20
10

4
_
_
_
82
25
57
44
78
66
12
_
13
11
5

47
9
_
9
24
8
16
192
38
154
41
41
4
_
_
_
_
_
13
9
100
12
88
_
30
3
27
20
14
108
57

44
_
_
21
_
21
170
30
140
57
57
3
_
_
2
2
2
2
22
14
114
9
105
_
46
_
46
22
35
126
48

23
_
.
_
36
_
36
232
232
29
29
4
_

120
42
14
28
79
114
112
2
5
30
30

11
185
166
19
37
_
37
205
129
76
64
12
52
8
6
_
_
_
25
24
73
16
57
8
61
13
48
6
40
37
15

45
45
45
45
28
6
116
_
116
_
27
_
27
43
12
285
87

127
_
_
.
7
_
7
35
_
35
19
19
8
6
_
12
12
12
12
17
_
31
_
31
_
23
_
23
34
10
505
146

6
6
24
8
14
14
2
_
2
255
253
2
8

16
_
2
2
6
6
10
10
_
31
16
15

42
42
_
_
4
_
4
205
167
38
28

417
417
4
4
74
73
1
19
13
6
757
650
107
1

_
_
_

.
_

_
_
_

_

_

_

_
_
5
4
4
9.0
90
-

-

9 I

_

_
12
12
42
42
4
_
4
520
302
218

9
9
6
_
6
656
12
644

93
4
89

-

'

-

_

14
_
14
_

_
_

36
_
36
8
_
8
_
_
_

.
_

2
2
44
_
44
_

_
_

8
4
4

$2. 20
976
735
241
7
_
_
_
_
_
7
_
7
4
_
4
_
_
_
104
104
96
96
16
_
4
_
4
_
_
_
_
7
2
278
101
.

_
_
_

22
_
22
_

_

_
_
_
_

"

S 2. 20

$2. 30

$2. 40

$2. 30
1170
1075
95

$2. 40
668
628
40

$2. 50
50
45
5

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
2
_
2
2
_
_
543
5 39
415
415
31
15
6
_
6
_
_
_
_
14
2
95
38

.
_
_
.
.
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
6
6
_
306
254
174
144
16
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
5
_
46
12

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
17
_
9
9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
15
4

_
_
_
18
18

_

_
_
_

_

2
2
..
_

_

_
_
_
_
_

S 2. 50
and
over
48
39
9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
4
_
_
_
6
_
_
_
.
_
_
_
2
7
-

_
_

_
_

_

_
_
_

_
_

_
_
_

-

-

-

-

_
_

_

_

Table 17. Occupational Earnings: Charlotte, N.C.1— Continued
(N um ber and a v e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly earn in g s 2 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d occup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
Sex and o ccu p atio n

N um ber A verage $ 1.25
h o urly
of
w o rk e rs e arn in g s 2 u and
nder
$ 1. 30

$ 1. 30' 1 $ 1 .3 6

$ 1.40

N um ber of w o rk e rs receiv in g stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly earn in g s of—
$ 1 .4 5
$1. 60 £ 1 .7 0 $ 1.80 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $ ^. 10

$2. 20

$2. 30"

$2. 40

$1. 35

$ 1 .4 0

$ 1 .4 5

$1. 50

$1. 60

$ 1 .7 0

$1. 80

$ 1 .9 0

$ 2 .0 0

$2. 20

$2. 30

$2. 40

$2. 50

_
4
4
29
14
194
42
152
41
41
1
1
110
22
88
42
20
22

58
57
1
6
6
6
6
37
4
553
407
146
218
194
24
16
12
4
309
201
108
10
10

36
30
6
24
24
12
12
24
914
533
381
222
146
76
82
62
20
532
261
271
78
64
14

7
7
17
17
17
17
43
7
461
114
347
159
80
79
47
47
218
12
206
37
22
15

1
1
9
9
9
9
74
10
222
3
219
87
87
49
3
46
59
59
27
27

6
6
1
1
102
23
150
150
54
54
17
17
59
59
20
20

_
230
45
114
114
70
70
35
35
9
9

-

2

2

2

-

9

$2. 10

$2. 50
and

S e le c te d p ro d u ctio n
o c c u p atio n s— w om en—
C ontinued
T w iste r te n d e rs , r i n g - f r a m e -------T i m e ------------------------------------------In cen tiv e ------------------------------------W a rp er te n d e rs 3 ----------------------------T i m e -------------------------------------H igh sp eed (300 y .p .m . and
o v e r)-----------------------------------------T im e -------------------------------------W eav ers (all in c e n tiv e w o rk e rs )3—
Dobby lo o m s ------------------------------W in d e rs, y a rn -------------------------------T im e —-------- —
——-----------------—In cen tiv e -------------------------------A u to m atic s p o o le r ---------------------T im e -------------------------------------In cen tiv e -------------------------------Cone and tu b e , a u to m atic --------T im e -------------------------------------In cen tiv e -------------------------------Cone and tu b e, n o n a u to m a tic ---T im e — —-----------------— ----------In cen tiv e -------------------------------Filling, a u to m a tic ---------------------T im e -------------------------------------In cen tiv e -------------------------------S ele c te d o ffice o c cu p atio n s—
w om en
C le rk s, p a y ro ll ------------------------------1
2
a tim e
3
4

214
188
26
65
60
49
44
1,139
298
3,325
1 , 545
1 , 780
1,059
572
487
398
246
152
1,592
571
1,021
276
156
120

$ 1 .4 3
1. 39
1.7 2
1. 57
1. 58
1. 59
1.60
1.95
1.99
1.5 4
1.46
1.60
1.56
1 .46
1. 67
1.49
1.40
1.6 4
1. 53
1.48
1. 56
1. 55
1.47
1. 66

12
12
163
99
64
25
24
1
45
45
63
63
30
30
-

65
65
178
113
65
85
84
1
93
29
64
-

25
24
1
4
4
12
10
342
234
108
91
44
47
141
124
17
90
46
44
20
20

22

1.91

-

-

-

4
4
334
78
24
24
7
7
14
- •
14
3
3
2

_
184
74
4
4
4
4
-

.
48
24
6
6
6
6
-

_
15
7
-

_
5
2
"

2
~

5

-

-

-

-

The C h a rlo tte a re a c o n sists of C a b a rru s, C leveland, G aston, L in coln, M ecklenb u rg , R u th e rfo rd , and Union C ounties.
E x clu d es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h o lid a y s, and la te sh ifts. A p p ro x im ately 65 p e rc e n t of the p ro d uctio n w o rk e rs co v ered by the study w e re paid on
b a s is . In fo rm a tio n fo r w o rk e rs in fin ish in g and fab ricatin g d e p artm e n ts h as been o m itted fro m the w age d ata.
In clu d es d a ta fo r w o rk e rs in c la ssific a tio n in addition to those show n se p a ra te ly .
In su fficie n t d a ta to w a rra n t p re se n ta tio n of se p a ra te a v e ra g e s by m ethod of w age paym ent; p red o m in a n tly in cen tiv e w o rk e rs.




Table 18. Occupational Earnings: Georgia
(N um ber and a v e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o urly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
A v erag e $1. 25
h o urly
of
and
w o rk e rs e arn in g s 1 under
$1. 30
A ll p ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs --------------- 42,595
$1 . 74 2 821
M en ------------------------------------------ 25,922
1. 78
435
W o m e n -------------------------------------- 16,673
1. 68
386
S e lected p ro d u c tio n
o c cu p atio n s— m en
B a tte ry h an ds (all tim e w o rk e rs) —
31
1. 52
C ard g rin d e rs -----------------------------302
2. 11
T im e --------------------------------------244
2. 06
In cen tiv e ---------------------------------58
2. 30
C ard te n d e rs --------------------------------1. 64
1
849
T im e ---------------------------------------603
1. 58
In c en tiv e --------------------------------246
1.78
1
C a rp e n te rs , m a in te n a n c e -----------102
2. 01
T i m e ---------------------------------------98
2.01
C o m b er te n d e r s ---------------------------44
1.93
24
1.92
D o ffers , sp in n in g -fra m e ------------- 2,019
1.93
20
T im e ----------------------------------------262
1.83
In cen tiv e ----------------------------- — 1,757
1.9 4
20
D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s --------------464
1.75
1
T i m e ---------------------------------------133
1. 60
In cen tiv e ---------------------------------331
1.81
1
D ra w in g -in m ach in e o p e ra to rs ---53
2.01
T i m e ---------------------------------------1.97
29
In c e n tiv e ---------------------------------24
2. 06
E le c tric ia n s , m a in te n a n c e ---------127
2. 20
T i m e ---------------------------------------115
2. 20
In s p e c to rs , c lo th , m a c h in e --------210
1. 67
T i m e ---------------------------------------171
1. 65
In c e n tiv e ----------------------------------------39
1.79
J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e r s ) ------------------------------------807
1.45
5
T im e ---------------------------------------690
1.4 3
3
I n c e n tiv e ---------------------------------117
1.60
2
Loom fix e rs 3--------------------------------- 1,793
2. 26
T i m e ----------------------------------- 1,327
2. 25
In c e n tiv e ----------------------------466
2. 31
Box loom s -------------------------------75
2. 25
T i m e ----------------------------------2. 28
69
P la in and dobby lo o m s ------------ 1,695
2. 26
T i m e ----------------------------------- 1,235
2. 24
In c e n tiv e ----------------------------2. 31
460
M a c h in ists, m a in te n a n c e ------------238
2. 24
T i m e -------------------------------------—
216
2. 22
In cen tiv e --------------------------------22
2. 37
S la sh e r te n d e rs ---------------------------318
1.91
T i m e ---------------------------------------270
1 .89
In cen tiv e ---------------------------------2. 02
48
S lu b b er te n d e rs ---------------------------807
1.88
T im e ----------------------------------123
1. 71
In cen tiv e ---------------------------684
1.91
Long d r a f t -------------------------------7 50
1.88
1.66
99
In cen tiv e ---------------------------651
1.91
S tan d ard 4 --------------------------------57
1.91
“
Sex and o ccu p atio n

$ 1. 35

$ 1 .4 0

N um ber of w o rk e rs receiv in g stra ig h t-tim e h o urly earn in g s of—
$ 1. 45 S I. 50 S I. 60 S 1.70 S I. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $2 . 00 S2. 10

S 2. 20

$ 2 .3 0

$2. 40

$ 1 .4 0
2762
1914
848

$ 1 .4 5
2217
1459
758

$ 1. 50
3110
1844
1266

$1. 60
5510
2996
2514

$ 1 .7 0
6657
3312
3345

28
28
-

6
46
46
12
12
11
8
3
9
8
1
261
261
-

7
5
2
7
7
1
1
7
3
4
127
124
3
-

9
90
90
4
4
_
20
3
17
26
22
4
_
212
185
27
-

6
193
148
45
47
12
35
61
38
23
_
33
33
87
61
26
-

10
13
13
_
272
242
30
9
9
_
_
122
32
90
105
43
62
1
_
1
3
3
52
50
2
71
28
43

-

-

-

$ 1 .3 0
$1. 35
497
267
230

6
6
3
3
1
1
-

3
3
3
3
“

4
4
4
4
"

8
8
8
8

-

-

-

-

-

_
-

-

-

-

9
3
6
9
3
6
"

15
12
3
41
16
25
35
12
23
6

21
14
7
117
69
48
117
69
48
”

$2. 50
and
o v er
207
202
5

$1. 80
4988
2240
2748

$1. 90
3687
1895
1792

$2. 00
3682
2431
1251

$2. 10
3229
2279
950

$2. 20
2029
1659
370

$2. 30
1547
1396
151

$2. 40
1346
1296
50

$2. 50
306
297
9

3
3
_
106
51
55
11
11
4
4
248
61
187
91
12
79
5
_
5
2
2
81
67
14
8
_
8
27
27
_
_
27
27
6
6
7
6
1
120
120'

13
13
_
49
15
34
13
12
6
6
367
22
345
56
_
56
8
6
2
3
3
17
10
7
1
_
1
4
_
4
2
_
2
2
2
2
84
80
4
156
7
149
154
7
147
2

43
33
10
61
_
61
12
10
28
8
486
76
410
69
10
59
9
9
4
4
9
9

73
73
_
16
_
16
7
7
4
4
363
51
312
25
_
25
15
12
3
9
9

61
51
10
_

36
32
4
1
1
18
17
_

38
26
12
1
1
12
12
_
30
30
2
2
4
4
45
41
2
2
2
2
659
584
75
33
33
606
531
75
72
65
7

16
16
_

6
6

_

_

3
3

21
21

30
30
1
1

no
no

-

10

_
_
49
41
8
4
_
45
41
4
18
18
144
133
11
116
21
95
89
5
84
27

_

3
_
3
63
26
37
_
.
63
26
37
12
12
_
27
22
5
88
4
84
82
_
82
6

_
_

13
13
2
2
169
2
167
10
_
10
5
2
3
34
34
_

_
-

_
_

213
168
45

_
_

210
165
45
62
59
3
8
3
5
77
_
77
75
_
75
2

_

74
_
74
4
4
6
6
16
8
_

_

2
2
639
47 5
164
36
36
60 3
439
164
17
17
_
2
_
2
45
_
45
41
41
4

_
_

15
15
15
15

_

_

_

10
10

1
1

-

-

93
6
87

46
46

93
6
87
45
33
12
10
10
2
2
2
2

46
46
4
4
_

6
6
6
6

See fo o tn o tes at end of tab le.




G)

Table 18. Occupational Earnings: Georgia— Continued
(N um ber and av e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d occup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
Sex and o c c u p atio n
S e lected p ro d u c tio n
o c cu p atio n s— m en —
C ontinued
T r u c k e rs , hand (including
bobbin boys) ------------------------------In cen tiv e ---------------------------------T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e -----T im e ----------------------------------------__________ -___________
T y in g -in m ac h in e o p e ra to rs ------T i m e ----------------------------------------In cen tiv e ---------------------------------W a rp er te n d e rs 3 --------------------------T im e -----------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------H igh sp eed (300 y .p .m .
and o v er) ------------------------------— — —— — — —— — —
—
In cen tiv e ----------------------------W eav ers 3 -------------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------Box lo o m s (all in ce n tiv e
w o rk e rs) ------------------------------Dobby lo o m s ---------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------P la in loom s ----------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------S e lected p ro d u ctio n
o c c u p atio n s— w om en
B a tte ry hands ------------------------------T im e ----------------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------------C om ber te n d e rs (all in cen tiv e
w o rk e rs) ------------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s ---------------T im e ----------------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------------D ra w in g -in m a ch in e o p e r a to r s ---T im e ----------------------------------------In sp e c to rs, clo th , m a c h in e -------T im e ----------------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e rs) -----------------------------------T im e ----------------------------------------S lu b b er te n d e rs , long d r a f t --------T i m e ____________________ ._______
In cen tiv e ---------------------------------S p in n e rs, rin g -fra m e -----------------____________
In cen tiv e ---------------------------------T ru c k e rs , hand (including bobbin
g irls) (all tim e w o rk e rs) -----------See foo tn o tes at end of ta b le .




A v erag e $ 1 .2 5
ho urly
of
w o rk e rs e a rn in g s1 un der
$1. 30

$1. 30
"
$1. 35

$1. 35
"
$ 1 .4 0

$ 1 .4 0
“
$ 1 .4 5

N um ber of w o rk e rs re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly earning;s of—
$ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 T 2 . 00 $2. 10
"
‘
$1. 50 $ 1 . 60 $1. 70 $1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $ 2. 10 $ 2. 20

$2. 20

$2. 30

$2. 40

$2. 30

$2. 40

$2. 50

1,485
1,355
130
396
77
319
327
205
122
69
52
17
60
43
17
1,558
1,511
162
261
253
1 , 109
1,070

$1. 50
1.49
1. 60
1. 84
1. 67
1.88
2. 03
2. 00
2.09
1. 72
1.73
1.69
1.73
1 .74
1.69
1.95
1.96
1 .95
1.98
1.98
1 .94
1.95

6
6
_
_
_
1
1
1
1
_
_
-

_
4
4
4
4

414
411
3
1
1
_
-

185
179
6
1
1
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
-

151
146
5
2
2
2
2
9
9
4
4
5
5

398
338
60
71
44
27
10
9
1
8
8
8
8
37
25
12
12
25
13

249
222
27
36
36
1
1
4
4
3
3
131
128
12
15
15
104
101

70
45
25
57
18
39
45
40
5
37
32
5
139
115
18
27
27
93
69

8
6
2
61
61
22
14
8
1
1
1
1
198
190
31
29
21
138
138

2
2
57
15
42
131
80
51
5
5
5
5
353
353
27
40
40
283
283

2
2
45
45
62
50
12
397
397
37
42
42
310
310

60
60
53
42
11
20 5
20 5
33
69
69
95
95

3
3
23
6
17
2
2
2
2
53
53
1
14
14
36
36

1
1
11
11
16
16
2
4
4
8
8

8
2
6
2
2

2,0 4 6
1 ,5 4 3
503
68
266
81
185
31
24
913
468
445
314
303
188
65
123
3, 592
1,580
2 ,0 1 2
53

1. 54
1. 54
1. 57
1.80
1. 59
1. 58
1. 60
1.66
1.58
1.61
1. 52
1.72
1 .42
1. 41
1.87
1 .85
1.88
1.7 4
1.70
1. 77
1.61

7
3
4
1
19
19
2
_
2
7
7
-

43
38
5
9
9
18
3
15
21
21

144
122
22
4
22
10
12
103
91
12
123
123
-

2
2
3
11
11
48
48
46
10
36
241
31
210

6
4
4
29
29
16
1
15
126
126

19
2
14
14
9
9
117
9
108

2
2
17
17
2
2
1
1

1
1
2
2
2
6
6

"

71
71
15
47
21
26
6
6
74
74
7
3
18
18
970
374
596
27

31
31
13
13
23
4
19
81
54
27
816
432
384

~

551
491
60
5
53
22
31
12
9
265
197
68
3
1
11
11
767
452
315
6

1
1
2
2

17
12
5

437
334
103
9
43
28
15
3
3
114
95
19
26
26
4
_
4
90
59
31

645
495
150
3
26
26
135
40
95
68
63
-

70
21
49

115
60
55
3
15
15
6
6
67
38
29
59
59
1
_
1
123
93
30
4

_
-

_
_

_
-

44
32
12
12

'

-

201
65
136
4

"

3
3

$2. 50
and
over

1
1
4
4
13
13
1
4
4
8
8

-

Table 18. Occupational Earnings: Georgia----Continued
(N um ber and a v e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in co tton te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
Sex and o ccup atio n
S e le c te d p ro d u c tio n
o cc u p a tio n s— w om en—
C ontinued
W a rp er t e n d e r s ---------------------------T im e -----------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------H igh sp eed (300 y .p .m . and
o v er) -------------------------------------T i m e -----------------------------------I n c e n tiv e ----------------------------Slow sp eed (u n d er 300 y .p .m .)
(all tim e w o rk e rs )-----------------W e av ers 3 -------------------------------------T i m e ---- —---------------------------I n c e n tiv e ----------------------------Box lo o m s (all in ce n tiv e
w o rk e rs) -------------------------------Dobby lo o m s (all in cen tiv e
w o rk e rs) -------------------------------P la in lo o m s ----------------------------In cen tiv e ---------------------------W in d e rs, y a rn 3 ---------------------------T i m e -----------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------A u to m atic sp o o le r -----------------T im e ----------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------Cone and tu b e , a u to m a tic ------In cen tiv e ----------------------------Cone and tu b e , n o nau to m atic -T im e ----------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------F illin g , au to m a tic -----------------T im e ----------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------S e le c te d o ffice o ccu p atio n s—
w om en
C le rk s , p a y ro ll ---------------------------S te n o g ra p h e rs, g e n e ra l --------------T y p is ts, c la s s A -------------------------T y p is ts , c la ss B ------------------------1
a tim e
2
3
4

N um ber A v erag e $1. 25
h o urly
of
and
w o rk e rs earn in g s 1 under
$1. 30

209
1,589
1,523
2,774
737
2,037
1,138
338
800
268
208
1,004
161
843
247
105
142

$ 1 .7 0
1. 66
1.76
1.71
1.68
1.7 6
1.60
1.96
1.61
1.97
1.95
1.98
1 .96
1.97
1.68
1.60
1.70
1. 70
1. 61
1 .7 4
1.7 4
1.76
1. 65
1. 59
1. 66
1. 57
1.45
1. 65

.
3
3
3
29
29
8
8
17
17
4
4

117
49
12
30

1.8 3
2.07
1.87
1. 62

_
-

303
191
112
265
153
112
38
1,907
66
1,841
84

$r73U

$ 1 . 35

$ 1. 40

N um ber of w o rk e rs re c eiv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h o urly earn in g s of—
$ 1 .4 5 $ 1. 50 $17 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1.90 $ 2 .0 0 $2. 10

$1 . 35

$ 1 .4 0

$ 1 .4 5

$1. 50

$1. 60

$1. 70

$ 1 .8 0

$ 1 .9 0

$2. 00

$2. 10

_
6
6
-

1
1
1
1
-

14
12
2
14
12
2
-

2
2
-

6
18
_
18
6
_
6
1
1
10
10
1
1

84
40
44
32
16
16
4
4
23
4
19
25
20
5

182
114
68
70
53
17
9
3
44
1
43
59
54
5

12
3
9
2
10
7
259
91
168
60
24
36
22
22
154
54
100
15
5
10

62
49
13
44
31
13
18
25
9
16
3
4
18
9
392
132
260
150
48
102
6
6
195
60
135
35
24
11

71
47
24
55
31
24
16
92
6
86
5
12
71
65
546
129
417
264
129
135
27
27
200
200
55
55

80
46
34
76
42
34
4
124
39
85
7
20
97
58
621
168
453
242
40
202
114
60
198
42
156
32
2
30

33
24
9
33
24
9
242
242
10
28
200
200
311
60
251
152
25
127
37
37
68
68
16
16

31
11
20
31
11
20
594
594
23
40
527
527
160
160
89
89
25
25
40
40
3
3

_
2

1
“

7
2
4

6
1
2

7
1
3

9
1
8

34
6
2
8

17
10
4
3

7
3
-

2
2
_

$ 2. 20

$2. 30

$2. 40

$2. 20

$2. 30

$2. 40

$2. 50

9
9
9
_
9
542
542
27
42
469
469
129
3
126
58
3
55
20
20
31
31
2
2

_
_
129
129
4

_
_
_
_
110
110
4
17
84
84
5
5
1
1
4
4
-

_
_
24
24
5
19
19
-

_
_
_
_
3
3
1
1
-

_
_
_
.
_
1
1
1
1
1
_
_
1
1
_
_
-

13
4
1
"

2
9
3
"

6
3
"

2
2
-

3
1
"

3
8
-

39
84
84
37
37
6
6
3
3
19
19
-

-

$2. 50
and
o v er

E x clu d es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eek en ds, h o lid ay s, and la te sh ifts. A p p ro x im ately 60 p e rc e n t of the p ro d uctio n w o rk e rs co v ered by the study w ere paid on
b a s is . In fo rm a tio n fo r w o rk e rs in finishing and fa b ric a tin g d e p artm e n ts has b een o m itted fro m the wage d ata.
In clu d es 13 w o rk e rs u n d er $ 1 .2 5 .
In clu d es d a ta fo r w o rk e rs in c la ssific a tio n in addition to th o se shown s e p a ra te ly .
In su fficie n t d a ta to w a rra n t p re se n ta tio n of se p a ra te a v e ra g e s by m ethod of wage pay m ent; p red o m in a n tly in cen tiv e w o rk e rs.




G)

CO

8

Table 19. Occupational Earning?: Greenville—Spartanburg, S.C.1
(N um ber and av e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e hourly e a rn in g s 2 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d occup atio ns in c o tto n te x tile m ills , S ep te m b er 1965)
Sex and o ccu p atio n
A ll p ro d u ctio n w o rk e rs _________
M en __________________________
W om en
_
.... .
S e lected p ro d u ctio n
oc cu p atio n s— m en
C a rd g rin d e rs (all
tim e w o rk e rs)
C a rd te n d e rs (all tim e w o rk e rs )..
C a rp e n te rs , m a in ten a n c e (all
tim e w o rk e rs) _ .
D o ffe rs, sp in n in g -fra m e
T im e _________________________
In cen tiv e
D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e rs _________
T im e ______________________ „
In cen tiv e
D ra w in g -in m ach in e
o p e ra to rs 3a / ___________________
E le c tric ia n s , m a in ten a n c e (all
tim e w o rk e rs)
J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e rs) (all tim e w o r k e r s ) ___
Loom fix e rs 4
T im e _ __ __
P la in and dobby loom s
T i m e ____
M a c h in ists, m a in ten a n c e (all
tim e w o rk e rs) ____
S la sh e r te n d e rs (all
tim e w o rk e rs)
_.
S lu b b er te n d e rs , long d ra ft
(all in ce n tiv e w o rk e rs)
T r u c k e rs , hand (including bo b ­
bin boys) (all tim e w o rk e rs) ___
T y in g -in m ach in e o p e ra to rs
(all tim e w o rk e rs) ______________
W a rp e r te n d e rs , high sp e e d
(300 y. p. m . and o ver) (all
tim e w o rk e rs) _________ ________
W e av e rs 3b / t ___________ ________
P la in loom s 3b / _______________
S ele c te d p ro d u ctio n
o ccup atio ns----w om en
B a tte ry hands
______
T im e _
_____
D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e rs __
T im e . _
__
._
In cen tiv e _____________________
In s p e c to rs , clo th , m a ch in e (all
tim e w o rk e rs) __________________
J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e rs) (all tim e w o rk e rs) __
S lu b b er te n d e rs , long d ra ft
(a ll in cen tiv e w o rk e rs) __ ____
S p in n ers, rin g -fra m e __________
T im e __________ ___ __________
See fo o tn o tes a t end of ta b le .



ve
N u m ­ Aagerber
ho urly
of
a rn ­
w o rk e rs ein g s2

$ 1. 25
and
u nder
$ 1. 30
326
183
143

$ 1. 30

$1. 35

$ 1.40

N um ber of w o rk e rs re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s of—
$ 1.45 $ 1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1. 70 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $2711) 1 $ 2 .2 0

$ 2 . 30

$ 2 .4 0

$ 1. 35
49
37
12

$ 1.40
628
556
72

$ 1.45
584
516
68

$ 1. 50
1301
1037
264

$ 1. 60
4978
2796
2182

$ 1.70
4946
1837
3109

$ 1. 80
2357
937
1420

$ 1 .9 0
2055
1522
533

$ 2 . 00
1412
1078
334

$ 2 . 10
1530
1158
372

$ 2 . 20
1817
1528
289

$ 2 . 30
1955
1906
49

$ 2 .4 0
493
486
7

$ 2 . 50
84
83
1

4
6
2
4
2
2
5
-

2
84
2
39
-

_
9
2
7
81
_

_
3
3
9
9
_

56
37
9
28
20
4
16
-

_
312
1
41
41
73
37
36
2
_

_
26
15
77
77
61
33
28
_

_
_

1
_

8
_

95

58
_

14
451
161
290
42
_
42
_

2
90
90
7
_
7
-

7
15
_
15
_
_
_
_

14
_
12
18
27
_

1
_
_
_
6
106
49
8
_

2
_
_
3
131
67
_
-

131
-

12
6
109
.

21
_
48
48
48
48
39
18
14
-

15
_
1262
1192
1160
1090
78
4
6
_

21
_
321
251
321
251
17
_

30
-

169
_
_
3
370
-

6
301
54
247
8
_
8
4
3
_
_
_
-

.
_
_
4
_
4
.
_
_
_

184
_
.
5
37
-

6
341
79
262
22
9
13
18
_
_
_
_
3
_

_
_
_
6
2
4
3
_
3
-

68

61

65

36

1
_
_

3
.
44
_
44
_
_
_
_
-

24,530
15,673
8, 857

$1. 77
1. 82
1. 69

162
400
51
1, 381
309
1,072
247
94
153
24
63
540
1, 675
1,491
1, 573
1, 389
158
277
406
517
230

2. 17
1. 63
1. 91
1. 91
1. 87
1. 92
1. 75
1. 67
1. 79
1. 94
2. 24
1.47
2. 28
2. 27
2. 28
2. 27
2. 18
1. 81
1. 92
1. 52
2. 08

6
-

_
_
-

46
1,324
1,039

1. 69
2. 04
2. 03

-

-

-

3
3

-

-

22
16
16

22
40
37

2
119
101

248
221

_
454
292

380
320

_
34
25

_
18
15

8
8

1,448
1,298
92
27
65
650
44
66
2 ,4 9 2
2, 346

1. 58
1. 58
1. 68
1. 65
1. 69
1. 56
1.46
1. 95
1. 71
1. 71

_
2
2

_
-

_
2
2

6
6
2
2
4
2
2

3
3
2
2
102
20
"

886
878
17
13
4
378
8
142
140

546
408
26
4
22
170
_

5
3
28
10
18
_

_
_
8
8
_

2
_
2
2
_

_
_
_
_
_
_

.
_
3
_
3
_

.
.
_
_
_
_

4
1217
1210

7
851
812

9
237
146

24
33
30

17
2
-

2
-

3
-

.
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
-

-

-

-

-

2
2

"

12
6
4

$ 2 .5 0
and
over
15
13
2

_
_
.
_
.
.
_
.
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
1
.
_
4
1
_
_
-

_
-

Table 19. Occupational Earnings: Greenville—Spartanburg, S.C.1—Continued
(N um ber and a v e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o urly e a rn in g s 2 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in co tto n te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
Sex and o ccup atio n
S ele c te d p ro d u ctio n
o ccu p atio n s— w om en—
C ontinued
W a rp e r te n d e rs , h igh sp eed
(300 y. p. m . and o v er) _________
T im e _________________________
W e av e rs (all in cen tiv e
w o rk e rs) 4 __
__ __
Dobby lo o m s _________________
P la in lo o m s __________________
W in d e rs, y a r n 4 _________________
T im e ______________________
In c en tiv e __________________
A u to m atic sp o o le r ___________
T im e _______________________
In cen tiv e ________________
Cone and tu b e,
a u to m atic 3a / ______________
F illin g , a u to m a tic ___________
T im e
_
S e le c te d o ffice o ccu p atio n s—
w om en
C le rk s , p a y ro ll _________________
S te n o g ra p h e rs, g e n e ra l _________
T y p is ts, c la s s B --------------------------

ve
N um - Aagerber
h o urly
of
a rn ­
w o rk e rs ein g s2

$ 1. 25
and
u nder
$ 1. 30

$ 1. 30

$ 1.35

$ 1. 40

N u m b er of w o rk e rs re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly earn in g s of—
$ 1. 45 $ 1. 50 $ 1. 60 $ 1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10

$2.

26

$ 2 . 30

$ 2 . 40

$ 1. 35

$ 1. 40

$ 1. 45

$ 1. 50

$ 1. 60

$ 1. 70

$ 1. 80

$ 2 . 50

149
140
1, 126
78
958
976
467
509
740
327
413
45
53
35

$1. 69
1. 68
2. 01
2. 05
2. 00
1. 66
1. 65
1. 66
1. 69
1. 67
1. 70
1. 68
1. 63
1. 62

10
10
-

4
2
2
2
2
-

20
20
3
3
-

20
20
2
2
3
-

13
13
7
7
-

15
15
10
10
184
99
85
79
79
6
21
18

59
59
23
23
388
258
130
332
232
100

23
7
10

1. 80
1. 77
1. 55

_

.

1
-

_

2
1
2

1
1
4

3
1
3

1

-

"

_

-

29
17
11

$ 1. 90

$ 2 . 00

$ 2 . 10

$ 2 . 20

$ 2 . 30

$ 2 .4 0

68
65
39
39
253
90
163
243
84
159
1
9
6

7
1
145
9
130
58
9
49
46
46

250
12
232
8
8
8
8
-

-

-

-

-

337
27
247
11
9
2
11
9
2
-

273
30
231
5
5
5
5
_
-

39
36
2
2
2
2
-

7
7
_
_
_

5

7

_

_

-

-

-

-

"

9
3
-

1
4

-

"

"

_

_
-

1
1
.

_
_
_
_

$ 2 . 50
and
o v er

_
2
_
2
_
_
_

_
_
_
_

~

_
-

3
-

-

_

_

-

-

"

-

■

1 The G re e n v ille — p artan b u rg a re a c o n sists of A nderson, G re e n v ille , P ic k e n s, and S p artan b u rg C ounties.
S
2 E x clu d es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w o rk on w eek en ds, h o lid a y s, and la te sh ifts. A p p ro x im ately 70 p e rc e n t of the p ro d uctio n w o rk e rs c o v ered by the stu d y w ere paid on
a tim e b a s is . In fo rm a tio n fo r w o rk e rs in finishing and fab ric a tin g d e p artm e n ts h as been o m itte d fro m th e w age d ata .
3 In su fficie n t d ata to w a rra n t p re se n ta tio n of se p a ra te a v e ra g e s by m ethod of w age p aym ent; (a) p red o m in an tly tim e w o rk e rs, an d (b) p red o m in an tly in cen tiv e w o rk e rs.
4 In clu d es d ata fo r w o rk e rs in c la ssific a tio n in addition to th o se show n se p a ra te ly .




0)

01

Table 20. Occupational Earnings: North Carolina
(N um ber and av e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e ho urly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills , S ep tem b er 1965)
N u m b er A verage $ 1 .2 5
h o urly
of
and
w o rk e rs e arn in g s 1 u nder
$1. 30
2 1462
A ll p ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs -------------- 67,2 4 8 $ 1 .6 9
1.73
M e n ------------------------------------------- 4 0 ,980
648
W om en ------------------------------------- 2 6,268
814
1. 62
S ele c te d p ro d u c tio n
o cc u p a tio n s— m en
_
633
1.93
C ard g rin d e rs ------------------------------623
1.93
T i m e ----------------------------------------1.57
4
C ard te n d e rs --------------------------------- 1,427
1. 56
T i m e ----------------------------------------- 1,2 2 8
In cen tiv e ---------------------------------4
1.69
199
C a rp e n te rs , m a in ten a n c e
2. 00
(all tim e w o rk e rs) ---------------------219
451
1.68
C o m b er te n d e r s ---------------------------126
1. 51
T i m e ----------------------------------------325
1.75
In cen tiv e ---------------------------------1.75
12
D o ffe rs , s p in n in g -fra m e ------------- 3,0 2 5
978
T im e ----------------------------------------1. 57
In c en tiv e —— --------- — -------- —— 2,047
1.8 4
12
1.67
4
D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s ---------------- 1,050
1. 50
T im e ----------------------------------------269
781
1.73
4
In cen tiv e ---------------------------------73
2. 05
D ra w in g -in m a ch in e o p e ra to rs —
2. 03
38
T im e ----------------------------------------35
2. 07
In cen tiv e --------------------------------E le c tric ia n s , m a in ten an ce
186
2. 15
(all tim e w o rk e rs )----------------------1.8 4
In sp e c to rs, clo th , m ach in e -------91
43
T im e ----------------------------------------1. 69
J a n ito rs (excluding m a’c h in e ry
c le a n e rs) (all tim e w o rk e rs )------- 1,491
1 .42
13
2. 27
Loom fix e rs --------------------------------- 2, 367
2. 26
T im e ------------------------------------ 2 ,1 4 3
224
2. 35
In cen tiv e ----------------------------390
2. 32
Box loom s -------------------------------T im e -----------------------------------318
2. 31
J a c q u a rd lo o m s ----------------------2. 35
139
125
2. 34
T im e -----------------------------------2. 25
P la in and dobby loom s ------------ 1 ,838
T im e ------------------------------------ 1,700
2. 24
M a c h in ists, m ain ten a n c e
2. 15
(all tim e w o rk e rs )----------------------388
444
1.97
S la sh e r te n d e rs ---------------------------313
T i m e ----------------------------------------1.91
2. 13
In cen tiv e ---------------------------------131
S lu b b er te n d e rs ---------------------------- 1 ,5 6 2
1.78
4
220
T im e -----------------------------------1.60
1.81
4
In cen tiv e ----------------------------- 1 ,342
1 .78
S tan d ard -----------------------------------149
117
1.80
In cen tiv e ----------------------------Long d ra ft -------------------------------- 1 ,413
1.78
4
T im e —-— -—-----------------------188
1. 58
1.81
4
In cen tiv e ----------------------------- 1, 225
T ru c k e rs , hand (including
1.47
bobbin boys) ------------------------------- 2,051
1.47
T im e ----------------------------------------- 2 ,0 3 3
944
1.61
22
T w iste r te n d e rs , r i n g - f r a m e -----492
16
T im e ----------------------------------------1. 50
452
1.72
6
In cen tiv e ---------------------------------Sex and o ccup atio n

See fo o tn o tes a t end of ta b le .



$1. 30

$ 1 .3 5

$1. 40

N u m b er of w o rk e rs re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s of—
$ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2. 10

$1. 35
1913
1021
892

$ 1 .4 0
3494
1994
1500

$ 1 .4 5
5721
4082
1639

$ 1. 50
5650
3297
2353

_
50
48
2
17
17
93
83
10
20
16
4
183
_
24
4
20
2
2
22
4
18
20
20
23
5
18

_
51
47
4
14
10
4
87
81
6
62
26
36
231
48
14
34
48
14
34
220
218
114
112
2

_
39
39
4
4
66
51
15
50
31
19
3
3
601
_
_
1
1
46
30
16
46
30
16
627
627
10
6
4

2
2
237
217
20
30
25
5
193
142
51
87
63
24
285
_
2
2
54
16
38
1
1
53
16
37
539
527
125
111
14

$1. 60
12561
5801
6760

9
9
316
298
18
5
116
50
66
319
145
174
181
74
107
3
2
1
2
172
4
2
2
152
25
127
16
16
136
25
111
559
557
162
131
31

$2 . 20

$ 2. 30

$ 2 .4 0

$2. 30
2059
1785
274

$2. 40
1711
1622
89

$2. 50
334
308
26

$ 2. 50
and
o v er
134
106
28

$1. 70
9403
5136
4267

$ 1 .8 0
6674
3588
3086

$ 1 .9 0
5232
3272
I960

$ 2. 00
4345
3293
1052

$2. 10
4270
3313
957

$2. 20
2285
1714
571

26
26
519
486
33
15
76
16
60
448
257
191
210
59
151
8
6
2
4
35
32
6
31
30
1
227
69
158
8
8
219
69
150
84
84
221
105
116

88
80
146
71
75
21
70
8
62
459
124
335
152
152
4
4
2
2
2
2
2
14
31
27
4
297
44
253
65
33
232
12
220

80
80
61
22
39
12
50
50
428
56
372
162
162
3
3
11
8
5
2
2
2
2
25
89
79
10
260
9
251
33
33
227
9
218
2
78
_
78

135
133
3
_
3
23
44
44
536
23
513
55
55
4
4
21
10
47
47
47
47
42
115
88
27
206
206
6
6
200
200

244
244
1
_
1
33
30
30
266
16
250
37
37
15
13
2
22
23
2
149
149
149
149
34
92
72
20
128
2
126
1
1
127
2
125

49
49
_
_
_

_
_
_
-

_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_

98
.
57
57
20
20
20
7
13
44
4
215
215
8
8
207
207
69
17
17
56
7
49
10
10
46
7
39

2
24
24
8
8
6
4
2
58
3
_
853
849
4
188
184
_
665
665
146
33
15
18
34
34
7
7
27
_
27

5
_
20
_
20
_
6
6
15
1
1
_
914
721
193
63
129
125
722
596
41
16
16
14
_
14
_
_
14
_
14

1
_
_
17
17
_
_
2
2
6
_
181
158
23
131
126
6
.
44
32

4
_
_
_
2
_
2
2
2
5
_
4
_
4
_
4
_
_
_

9
9
_
9
10
_
10
_
10
10

4
6
6
2
2
2
_
2

-

_

-

"

-

123
6
117

-

33
_
33

-

27
_
27

-

6
_
6

_
.

.
.

Table 20. Occupational Earnings: North Carolina---- Continued
(N um ber and av e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o urly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
Sex and o ccup atio n
S ele c te d p ro d u c tio n
o ccu p atio n s— m en —
C ontinued
T y in g -in m a c h in e o p e r a to r s -------T i m e ---------------------------------------In c e n tiv e ---------------------------------W a rp er t e n d e r s ---------------------------T i m e -----------------------------------In cen tiv e ---------------------------High sp eed (300 y. p .m .
and o v er) ------------------------------T im e -----------------------------------I n c e n tiv e ----------------------------Slow sp eed (under
300 y. p. m ) ---------------------------T i m e -----------------------------------W e av ers 3 -------------------------------------T im e -----------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------Dobby loom s ---------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------J a c q u a rd lo o m s (all
in ce n tiv e w o rk e rs) --------------P la in lo o m s ----------------------------In c e n tiv e ----------------------------W in d e rs, y a r n ------------------------------In cen tiv e ---------------------------------S ele c te d p ro d u c tio n
o c cup ati on s----worn e n
B a tte ry h a n d s -------------------------------T im e ----------------------------------------In c e n tiv e ---------------------------------C ard te n d e rs 4 ------------------------------C o m b er te n d e rs --------------------------T i m e ----------------------------------------In cen tiv e ---------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e rs -------------In c e n tiv e ---------------------------------In s p e c to rs , clo th , m a c h in e -------T i m e ----------------------------------------In cen tiv e ---------------------------------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e rs) (all tim e w o rk e rs )------S lu b b er te n d e rs , long d r a f t --------T i m e ----------------------------------------In cen tiv e ---------------------------------S p in n e rs, rin g -fra m e -----------------T im e ---------------------------------------In c e n tiv e ---------------------------------T r u c k e rs , hand (including bobbin
g irls ) (a ll tim e w o r k e r s ) -----------T w iste r te n d e rs , r i n g - f r a m e ----T im e ---------------------------------------I n c e n tiv e ----------------------------------

N um ber A v erag e $ 1. 25 ' $ 1 . 3o
h o urly
of
and
w o rk e rs earn in g s 1 under
$1. 30 $ 1 . 35

336
228
108
328
143
185
305
124
181
23
19
2,464
11
2,453
752
750
362
786
783
32
29

$2 . 00
1.98
2.0 3
1.7 4
1.60
1.8 4
1 .7 4
1. 58
1.85
1 .7 4
1.77
2. 03
1. 85
2.0 3
1 .98
1 .98
2. 10
2. 01
2.01
1.5 3
1.51

_
_
-

_
4
4
4
4
-

1,488
1,076
412
22
128
31
97
127
109
1,058
830
228
197
91
23
68
5,853
3, 189
2, 664
66
476
364
112

1 .56
1 .53
1 .63
1. 58
1. 56
1. 39
1.61
1.61
1 .63
1. 67
1. 58
1.99
1. 44
1.6 5
1.4 6
1. 72
1.63
1. 55
1.7 2
1.45
1.49
1. 43
1.67

47
35
12
4
4
8
8
30
30
6
32
24
8

_
7
7
-

-

12
12
‘

8
6
6
173
165
8
-

97
95
2

$1. 35

$ 1 .4 0

N um ber of w o rk e rs re ceiv in g stra ig h t-tim e h o urly e a rn in g s of—
$ 1 .4 5 $1. 50 $1. 60 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $2. 00 $2 . 10

$ 1 .4 0

$ 1 .4 5

$1. 50

_
5
5
-

-

5
5
30
30
30
30
12
12
44
42
2
29
21
8
46
46
13
2
2
269
253
16
8
25
24
1

_
-

25
23
2
25
23
2
33
_
33
30
30
3
3
_
26
26
7
_
7
21
13
52
52
129
10
10
55
25
30
14
24
24
"

$1. 60

3
3
11
9
2
11
9
2
20
20
10
10
10
10
2
2

4
2
2
36
25
11
31
24
7
5
1
18
3
15
9
9
5
2
8
8

120
102
18
_
17
17
2
_
2
16
8
8
429
336
93
36
119
108
11

851
779
72
8
15
_
15
18
8
253
252
1
22
19 *
13
6
1611
1404
207
8
112
83
29

$ 1 .7 0

8
6
2
62
29
33
60
27
33
2
2
73
73
23
23
8
10
10
5
4

199
26
173
14
41
_
41
19
19
332
330
2
3
4
_
4
1199
637
562
_

45
18
27

$ 1 .8 0

$ 1 .9 0

$2. 00

$2. 10

$2. 20

20
15
5
66
42
24
58
34
24
8
8
149
149
67
67
18
36
36
_
-

63
45
18
58
10
48
50
2
48
8
8
194
2
192
58
58
30
78
78
5
3

69
50
19
20
_
20
20
20
_
_
417
4
413
117
117
31
179
179
_
-

94
77
17
19
19
19
_
19
_
_
707
2
705
170
168
108
271
271
_
-

36
18
18
11
_
11
11
11
_
_
384
384
127
127
54
117
117

154
41
_
92
62
41
_
_
20
3
_
3
3
17
21
9
21
9
84
81
67
53
17
28
_
_
12
12
_
_
12
12
1248
706
122
207
1126 ' 499

4
_
4
_
_
_
_
12
12
64
_
64
_
18
_
18
97
10
87

_

_
_
_
2
_
2
2
2
72
_
72
_
_
_
_
28
6
22

2
_
2
_
_
_
_
_
_
22
_
22
_
_
_
_
4
_
4

.

_

_

18
_
18

_

18
_
18

_
_
_

4
_
4

_

-

2
_
2

$2. 20 ■ $■ 2730 ■ $2. 40 ’ $ 2. 50
and
$ 2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 o v er

30
12
18
8
_
8
8
_
8
_
_
243
_
243
50
50
55
64
64
_
-

7
3
4
3
_
3
3
_
3
_
_
130
_
130
35
35
40
5
5

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
45
_
45
14
14
14
5
5

-

-

_

_

_
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
18
_
18
_
_
_
_
2
_
2

_
_
_

_

_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
2
_
2
_
_
_
_

_
_
_

_
_
_
-

_

_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
.
_
.
_

_
_
.
_
_

2
_
2
.
.

_

_
_
_
.
21
_
21
12
12
4
3
3
-

_

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

_
_

_

_
_
_
_
_
_

_

_
_

_
_

-

-

See foo tn o tes at end of tab le.




G)

Table 20. Occupational Earnings: North Carolina— Continued
(N um ber and av e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h ourly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills , S ep tem b er 1965)
Sex and o ccu p atio n
S e lected p ro d u c tio n
o ccu p atio n s— women:—
C ontinued
W a rp e r te n d e rs ---------------------------T im e -----------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------High sp eed (300 y .p .m .
and o v er) ------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------Slow sp eed (under
300 y .p .m .) -------------------------T i m e -----------------------------------W eav ers --------------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------Box loom s -------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------Dobby loom s ---------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------J a c q u a rd lo o m s (all
in c en tiv e w o rk e rs) ---------------P la in loom s (all in cen tiv e
w o rk e rs) -------------------------------W in d e rs, y a r n 1 --------------------------3
2
T im e -----------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------A u to m atic sp o o le r -----------------T im e -----------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------Cone and tu b e, au to m a tic ------T im e -----------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------Cone and tu b e, n o nau to m atic -T im e -----------------------------------In cen tiv e ----------------------------F illin g , a u to m a tic ------------------In c e n tiv e ----------------------------S ele c te d office
o c c u p atio n s— w om en
C le rk s, p a y ro ll ---------------------------S te n o g ra p h e rs, g e n e r a l---------------1
a tim e
2
3

A verage I D T
h ourly
of
w o rk e rs earn in g s 1 un der
$1. 30

190
168
22
135
121
14
55
47
2,441
2 ,4 3 4
490
488
412
407
121
1 ,4 1 8
7 ,9 2 5
2 ,9 8 2
4 ,9 4 3
2, 229
975
1 ,2 5 4
828
359
469
4 ,1 1 6
1 ,278
2, 838
598
344
254

$1. 61
1.61
1. 55
1. 63
1.63
1.60
1. 56
1. 57
1.98
1.98
1.95
1 .95
1.99
2. 00
2.06
1.98
1. 58
1.49
1.62
1. 58
1. 50
1. 65
1. 58
1.44
1. 69
1. 57
1. 50
1.60
1. 58
1. 51
1. 67

102
33

1.80
1. 84

'

_

_
_
_
_
_
_

_
250
99
151
29
24
5
48
45
3
141
_
141
30
30

-

$ l". 50

$1 . 35"

$ 1 .4 0

N um ber of w o rk e rs re ceiv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s of—
$1. 45 $1. 50 $ 1. 60 $ 1 . 70 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2. 00 $2 . 10

$1. 35

$ 1 .4 0

$1. 45

$1. 50

4
4
4
4
_
52
52
40
40
10
10

8
8
4
4
4
4
33
33
6
6
14
14

26
24
2
26
24
2

2
527
282
245
122
44
78
154
124
30
175
58
117
64
56
8

4
4

_

-

4
_
3
3
3
3
_
_
429
229
200
130
106
24
5
5
283
122
161
8
8

-

$1 . 60

$ 1 .7 0

$ 1. 80

$ 1 .9 0

13
506
122
384
119
20
99
16
10
6
314
71
243
52
20
32

_
37
37
2
2
4
4
1
30
866
519
347
27 3
194
79
32
22
10
541
30 3
238
14
14

42
38
4
17
13
4
25
25
34
34
8
8
8
8
4
14
2319
1274
1045
575
321
254
206
146
60
1258
594
664
238
193
45

69
65
4
47
47
22
18
105
105
62
62
11
11
2
30
1353
432
921
466
266
200
126
9
117
680
125
555
57
28
29

30
29
1
30
29
1
.
156
152
38
38
22
18
7
89
724
22
702
264
264
116
3
113
262
3
259
66
16
50

1
1
1
1
.
220
219
14
14
32
31
13
161
499
1
498
143
143
94
94
226
226
28
1
27

5
~

2
-

10
"

23
1

17
15

10
2

_

$ 2 . 00

$2. 10

$2. 20

$2. 20“ $2. 30

$2. 40

$2. 30

$ 2. 50

$2. 40

4
4
_
4
4
_
_
445
667
443 ! 667
51
110
no
49
67
86
86
67
22
14
313
449
261
118
2
118
259
15
87
15
87
21
8
21
8
116
68
2
114
68
17
19
17
19

2
2
2
2
_
399
399
58
58
106
106
30
205
38
38
1
1
1
1
27
27
5
5

9
9

6
6

-

-

5
6

6
"

"

2
"

19
9

-

-

_

_

_
20 2
20 2
52
52
36
36
15
99
18
18
5
5

_
58
58
33
33
11
11
6
8
6
6
-

-

-

-

-

-

_
_
22
22
10
10
5
5
5
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
-

3
_

$2. 50
and
o v er

_
“
.
8
8
3
3
2
3
9
9
-

9
9

-

'

E x clud es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h o lid a y s, and late sh ifts. A p p ro x im ately 65 p e rc e n t of the p ro d u ctio n w o rk e rs c o v ered by the study w e re p aid on
b a s is . In fo rm a tio n fo r w o rk e rs in finishing and fa b ric a tin g d e p artm e n ts h as b een o m itted fro m the w age d ata.
In clu d es 2 w o rk e rs u n d er $ 1 .2 5 .
Inclu d es d a ta fo r w o rk e rs in c la ssific a tio n in addition to those show n se p a ra te ly .
In su fficie n t d a ta to w a rra n t p re se n ta tio n of se p a ra te av e ra g e s by m ethod of w age p ay m ent; p red o m in an tly tim e w o rk e rs.




Table 21. Occupational Earnings: South Carolina
(N um ber and av e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e arn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in co tto n te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
ve
N um - Aager­
1. 25 $ 1. 30
ber
h o urly ~$ and
of
a
w o rk e rs einrns­1 u n der
g
$ 1. 30 $1. 35
374
$1. 77 *1,275
A ll p ro d u c tio n w o r k e r s _________ 60,911
773
177
1. 82
M en __________ ____ ________ 39,320
502
197
1. 69
W om en
__________ _ __
21,591
S e le c te d p ro d u ctio n
o ccu p atio n s— m en
C a rd g rin d e rs (all
452
2. 14
tim e w o rk e rs) __________________
4
1, 082
1. 65
C a rd te n d e rs ____________________
4
1,064
1. 65
T im e _________________________
C a rp e n te rs , m a in ten a n c e (all
1. 98
tim e w o rk e rs) __________________
128
1. 83
87
C o m b er te n d e rs ________________
1. 85
In c en tiv e _____________________
59
13
7
3,467
1. 90
D o ffe rs, sp in n in g -fra m e _______
2
632
1. 85
T im e _____ _______________ —
11
7
2, 835
In cen tiv e __ __. . . ___ ___
1. 91
5
696
1. 75
3
D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e rs _________
2
183
1. 65
T im e __ _______________ ____
3
3
513
Inc en tiv e
_.
1. 79
42
2. 00
D ra w in g -in m ach in e o p e r a to r s __
2. 01
36
T im e _______________ ________
E le c tric ia n s , m a in ten a n c e (all
2. 23
171
tim e w o rk e rs) __ ________ ____
300
1. 69
In s p e c to rs , c lo th , m ach in e ____
1. 67
255
T im e _ __ _ _ ____________
J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
17
6
1, 351
1.47
c le a n e rs) (a ll tim e w o rk e rs) __
2. 28
4, 030
L oom fix e rs _____________________
2. 28
3, 624
T im e _________ ___________
2. 33
406
In cen tiv e ___________ __ „
2. 31
155
Box lo o m s (all tim e w o rk e rs )..
2. 30
51
J a c q u a rd lo o m s 3a / __________
3, 824
2. 28
P la in and dobby lo o m s ______
3,424
2. 28
T im e ____________ ________
400
2. 33
Inc entive __________ _______
M a c h in ists, m a in ten a n c e (all
310
2. 22
tim e w o rk e rs) __________________
S la sh e r te n d e rs (all
668
1. 86
tim e w o rk e rs) __________________
1
1. 90
8
1, 188
S lu b b er te n d e rs _ ________ .. __
1. 74
8
47
T im e __ ___ _________ __
1
1. 141
In cen tiv e __________________
1. 91
90
1. 72
8
S ta n d a r d __ ________ ________
82
1. 77
In c en tiv e __________ . . . ___
1
Long d ra ft _______________ ____
1, 098
1.91
1. 84
T im e ______________________
39
1
1.92
In cen tiv e __________________
1,059
1. 67
S p in n ers, rin g -fra m e __________
39
25
1. 61
T im e __
_. ___ ..
14
1. 78
In cen tiv e ________ _____ ___
T ru c k e rs , hand (including b o b ­
1. 52
1, 613
36
bin boys) (a ll t im e w o rk e rs ) ____
4
105
1. 73
T w iste r te n d e rs , r i n g - f r a m e __
64
1. 74
4
T im e
______ _____________
2. 08
T y in g -in m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s ____
479
421
2. 06
T im e _________ . ___
___
58
2. 19
In cen tiv e ________ __ ____ —
"
Sex and o ccup atio n

See fo o tn o tes a t end of tab le.




$ 1. 35

$ 1 .4 0

N u m b er of w o rk e rs re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s of—
$ 1 .4 5 $ 1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1..70 $ 1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10

$ 2 . 20

$ 2. 30

$ 2. 40

$ 1.40
1151
860
291

$ 1.45
1672
1232
440

$ 1. 50
4534
3176
1358

$ 1.60
10602
6354
4248

$ 1.70
9865
4516
5349

$ 1. 80
7295
3108
4187

$ 1.90
5550
3618
1932

$ 2 . 00
4000
3068
932

$ 2 . 10
3883
2728
1155

$ 2 . 20
3980
3231
749

$ 2 . 30
3931
3760
171

$ 2 .4 0
2321
2279
42

$ 2 . 50
258
233
25

$2. 50
and
o v er
220
207
13

26
26
37
37
4
4
126
2
2
2
2
39
~

1
1
41
2
39
212
1
1
1
1
4
4
53
“

9
9
21
21
21
18
3
3
528
17
17
12
12
5
5
408
1
“

186
186
117
9
108
50
20
30
10
10
427
12
20
20
12
12
8
8
8
7
1
878
19
18
12
12
"

564
564
8
9
9
188
39
149
197
98
99
2
2
210
201
24
12
77
9
68
4
4
73
9
64
7
6
1
137
42
18
■

8
211
204
23
26
8
270
36
234
180
36
144
42
30
9
6
153
151
151
5
5
146
146
16
8
8
62
12
6
12
12
*

5
82
71
21
36
26
918
345
573
130
130
12
2
3
310
281
27
254
29
29
252
27
225
4
4
7
9
9
■

21
-

45
26
2
2
550
54
496
21
21
8
8
24
13
10
2
2
2
2
20
70
239
239
11
11
228
228
152
139
13

203
-

152
32
3
3
85
85
11
11
52
2131
2007
124
119
29
1983
1861
122
120
22
18
18
18
18
54
42
12

18
40
2
38
7
7
3
3

18
18
9
139
54
85
36
18
85
85
1
1

14
14
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
2
2

9
10
10
878
143
735
55
9
46
26
20
8
10
4
87
87
87
87
15
53
286
3
283
9
9
277
3
274
2
89
88
1

9
270
270
12
12
3
3
27
125
111
14
2
123
111
12
72
36
83
83
83
83
18
18
112
92
20

51
1545
1365
180
2
1543
1365
178
70
3
3
3
3
36
27
9

Table 21. Occupational Earnings: South Carolina-----Continued
(N um ber and a v e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o urly e arn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in co tto n te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
Sex and o ccup atio n
S ele c te d p ro d u ctio n
o ccup atio ns— m en—
C ontinued
W a rp e r te n d e rs 4 _________ ____
T im e ______________________
H igh sp eed (300 y. p. m . and
T im e ______________________
In cen tiv e __________________
Box lo o m s (all tim e w o rk e rs )..
Dobby loom s _________________
In cen tiv e __________________
Ja c q u a rd loom s 3a / __________
P la in lo o m s __________________
T im e ______________________
In cen tiv e __________________
W in d e rs, y a rn 3a /4_______________
A u to m atic sp o o le r 3b / _______

ve
N um ­ Aage r­
ber
h o u rly T f.'2 '5 - $ 1. 30
and
of
a rn
w o rk e rs eings ­1 u n der
$ 1. 30 $ 1. 35

$ 1. 35

$ 1.40

N um ber of w o rk e rs re c e iv in g stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s of—
$ 1.45 $ 1. 50 $ 1. 60 $ 1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1. 90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10

$ 2 . 20

$ 2 . 30

$ 2 .4 0

$ 1 .4 0

$ 1.45

$ 1. 50

$ 1. 60

$ 1.70

$ 1. 80

$ 1.90

$ 2 . 00

$ 2 . 10

$ 2 . 20

$ 2 . 30

$ 2 .4 0

$ 2 . 50

$ 2 . 50
and
o v er

167
157
157
147
2, 994
127
2, 867
240
383
337
96
2, 275
81
2, 194
67
42

$1. 68
1. 68
1. 67
1. 67
2. 00
1. 98
2. 00
2. 05
1. 99
2. 00
1. 92
2. 00
2. 02
2. 00
1. 82
1. 87

2
2
_
_
_
2
*

12
12
12
12
_
"

4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
6
"

.
13
13
2
2
9
9
“

5
3
5
3
27
27
27
27
"

16
12
16
12
61
61
2
3
56
56
3

33
33
33
33
89
16
73
20
4
2
67
67
-

58
58
58
58
161
161
2
25
25
28
106
106
12
12

35
35
25
25
282
282
10
62
62
19
191
191
9
9

542
542
23
80
80
19
420
420
21
19

973
111
862
137
133
103
9
694
81
613
14
2

2
2
644
644
46
38
38
4
556
556
-

104
104
13
6
6
2
83
83
'

52
52
5
16
16
3
28
28
-

“
18
18
18
18
-

20
20
3
3
5
12
12
-

3, 803
2, 941
862
17
9
126
35
91
63
57
1,501
1,474
132
118
116
5, 537
4, 663
874
25
21
274
239
35
3, 150
3, 030
128
386
377

1. 58
1. 56
1. 64
1. 84
1. 88
1. 69
1. 62
1. 72
1. 75
1. 71
1. 58
1. 58
1.47
1. 95
1. 96
1. 71
1. 70
1. 77
1. 53
1. 67
1. 73
1. 69
1. 98
2. 00
2. 00
2. 04
2. 11
2. 12

26
15
11
2
2
6
5
2
3
2
2
"

114
108
6
8
8
20
20
1
1
6
6
"

9
9
2
2
34
34
12
6
4
2
7
7
-

39
30
9
2
2
12
12
12
198
195
3
12

621
567
54
2
2
135
117
44
1
1

1534
1304
230

1172
889
283
2
1
27
4
23
248
248
4
4
1623
1476
147
2
2
59
59
87
87
-

185
25
160
7
31
10
21
6
6
235
235
8
8
2466
2150
316
4
11
107
99
8
132
132
2
-

72
3
69
4
4
14
14
38
35
25
23
892
562
330

23
23
2
4
9
9
37
37
70
42
28

1
1
1
"
25
25
4
4

4
4
"
~
13
13
2
2

1

“
'
3

4
4

4
4

45
39
6
387
387
8
20
20

3
3
605
605
10
29
29

-

"
3
3
675
675
23
153
153

“
3
3
124
124
7
55
55

~
-

S e le c te d p ro d u ctio n
o ccu p atio n s— w om en
B a tte ry h an ds ____________________
T im e ...................................................
In cen tiv e _____________________
C o m b er te n d e rs (all in cen tiv e
w o rk e rs) ________________________
D o ffe rs, spinning - fra m e 3b / ____
D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e rs _________
T im e _________________________
In cen tiv e -------------------------------D ra w in g -in m ach in e o p e r a to r s __
T im e __________________________
In s p e c to rs , clo th , m ach in e ____
T im e _________________________
J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e rs) (all tim e w o rk e rs) ---S lu b b er te n d e rs , long d ra ft ------In cen tiv e _____________________
S p in n ers, rin g -fra m e ---------------T im e _________________________
In cen tiv e -------------------------------T r u c k e rs , hand (including b o b ­
b in g irls ) (all tim e w o rk e rs) ___
T w iste rs te n d e rs, rin g -fra m e
(all tim e w o rk e rs) --------------------W a rp e r te n d e rs , high sp e e d
(300 y. p .m . and ov er) _________
T im e _________________________
In cen tiv e _____________________
W eav er s 4____________ -_____ -_____
In cen tiv e __________________
Box loom s (all in cen tiv e
w o rk e rs ) __________ ________
Dobby loom s -------------------------In cen tiv e __________________
See fo otnotes a t end of ta b le .



_

~

12
12
14
14
-

_

32
21
11
8
8
817
808
58
3
3
266
232
34
7
8
33
30
3
42
42
4
-

"

3
3
1032
912
72
110
101

■
3
3
3
3

-

*
■
“
“
■
6
6
19
19
2
8
8

■
“
"
*
■
■
“
"
"
11
11
8
8

"
“
_
"
“
“
~
“

“
"
7
7
■
3
3

Table 21. Occupational Earnings: South Carolina---- Continued
(N um ber and av e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly earn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in co tto n te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
Sex and o ccup atio n
S e le c te d p ro d u ctio n
o ccu p atio n s— w om en—
C ontinued
W e av e rs 4— C ontinued
P la in lo o m s __________________
In cen tiv e __________________
W in d e rs, y a rn ___________________
T im e _____ ________ ____
In cen tiv e __________________
A u to m atic sp o o le r ___________
T im e ______________ ______
In cen tiv e __________________
Cone and tu b e , a u to m a tic ___
T im e _____ _______________
In cen tiv e __________________
Cone and tu b e , n o n ­
a u to m a tic ___________________
T im e ___________ ____ ___
In cen tiv e ________ ________
F illin g , a u to m a tic ___________
T im e ______________________
In cen tiv e ________ ________
S ele c te d office o ccup atio ns—
w om en
C le rk s, p a y ro ll _________________
S te n o g ra p h e rs, g e n e ra l _________
T y p is ts, c la s s A -------------------------T y p is ts, c la s s B _________________

ve
N um - A ager1. 1
b er
hourly $ and 5
of
a rn
w o rk e rs eings ­ 12 un der
3 $ 1.30

2, 618
2, 507
2,485
913
1,572
1, 568
616
952
295
99
196
438
135
303
184
63
121

$1. 98
1. 98
1. 67
1. 65
1. 68
1. 70
1. 68
1. 71
1. 68
1. 58
1. 73
1. 59
1.59
1. 59
1. 60
1. 62
1. 59

2
2
65
65
15
15
12
12
16
16
22
22

$ 1. 35

$ 1.40

N um ber of w o rk e rs re c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s of—
$ 1 .4 5 , $ 1.50 $ 1 . 60 ^ 1. 70 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1.90 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10

$ 1. 35

$ 1.40

$ 1.45

$ 1. 50

$ 1. 60

$ 1. 70

$ 1. 80

$ 1. 90

$ 2 . 00

$ 2 . 10

6
6
18
2
16
8
2
6
8
8
2
2

7
7
74
4
70
29
29
14
14
23
23
8
4
4

77
77
37
37
2
2
29
29
9
9

14
14
76
76
36
36
12
12
24
24
4
4

38
38
449
197
252
133
133
93
69
24
185
101
84
38
27
11

87
87
737
487
250
597
439
158
45
15
30
62
22
40
33
11
22

127
127
577
205
372
442
166
276
33
6
27
52
12
40
50
21
29

356
356
194
9
185
132
132
38
9
29
11
11
13
13

560
560
116
116
89
89
16
16
10
10
1
1

847
736
53
9
44
24
9
15
12
12
15
15
2
2

_
-

1
2

_
2
1

2
1
4

$ 2 . 20

$ 2 .3 0

$ 2. 20

$ 2 . 30

$ 2 .4 0

499
499
31
31
20
20
8
8
3
3
"

59
59
13
13
5
5
6
6
2
2

9
9
4
4
4
4
-

$ 2 .4 0 " $ 2. 50
and
$ 2 . 50 o v er

3
3
“

4
4
1
1
1
1
-

_
_
1
3
14
4
1
2
1
4
1
2
1
“
“
'
"
'
"
"
"
1 E x c lu d e s p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eek en ds, h o lid ay s, and la te sh ifts. A p p ro x im ately 74 p e rc e n t of the p ro d uctio n w o rk e rs c o v ered by the study w ere paid on a
tim e b a s is . In fo rm a tio n fo r w o rk e rs in finishing and fab ric a tin g d e p a rtm e n ts h as been o m itted fro m the w age d ata.
2 In c lu d es 20 w o rk e rs u n der $ 1. 25.
3 In su fficie n t d ata to w a rra n t p re se n ta tio n of se p a ra te a v e ra g e s by m eth o d of w age paym ent; (a) p red o m in an tly tim e w o rk e rs, and (b) p red o m in an tly in cen tiv e w o rk e rs.
4 In clu d es d ata fo r w o rk e rs in c la ssific a tio n in addition to th o se shown s e p a ra te ly .




57
13
12
28

1. 77
1. 88
1. 68
1. 49

_
7

$ 1. 30

-

-

9
1
2
7

9
3
3
4

13
2
3

Table 22. Occupational Warnings: Statesville, N.C.1
(N um ber and a v erag e stra ig h t-tim e h o urly e a rn in g s 2 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in co tto n te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
Sex and o ccup atio n
A ll p ro d u ctio n w o rk e rs _________
W om en _ ______ __ __ __ „
S e lected p ro d u ctio n
o ccu p atio n s— m en
C a rd g rin d e rs ___________________
T im e __________ _____________
C a rd te n d e rs _____________________
T im e _________ ___________ —
In cen tiv e ____. ________________
C a rp e n te rs , m a in ten a n c e (all
tim e w o rk e rs) __________ ______
C o m b er te n d e rs _________________
T im e ____________ — __ ____
D o ffe rs, sp in n in g -fra m e _______
T im e __ ___________ „ ____
In cen tiv e ________ „ ________
D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e rs _________
T im e ________________
___
In cen tiv e _________ ______
E le c tric ia n s , m a in ten a n c e (all
tim e w o rk e rs) _____ _
__
J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e rs) (all tim e w o rk e rs) ___
Loom fix e rs , p la in and dobby
lo o m s (all tim e w o rk e rs) ______
M a c h in ists, m a in ten a n c e (all
tim e w o rk e rs) __________________
S lu b b er te n d e rs 3 ____________ „
T im e --------------------------------In cen tiv e __________________
Long d ra ft __________________
T im e -------- — — -----------In cen tiv e
____
__
T r u c k e rs , hand (including b o b ­
bin boys) _______________________
T im e --- ------- ------- — ---T w iste r te n d e rs , rin g -fra m e
(a ll in c e n tiv e w o rk e rs) -----------T y in g -in m ach in e o p e ra to rs ____
T im e _______ — ------ — — —
W a rp e r te n d e rs , hig h sp eed
(300 y. p. m . and o ver) -----------T im e _______________ ________
W e av e rs, p lain lo o m s (all
in cen tiv e w o rk e rs) -----------------S ele c te d p ro d u ctio n
o ccup atio ns— w om en
B a tte ry h an ds (all tim e w o rk e rs)..
C o m b er te n d e rs -------------------------In cen tiv e -------------------------------In s p e c to rs , clo th , m ach in e ____
In cen tiv e ___ ___________ —
J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e rs) (all tim e w o rk e rs) ---See fo o tn o tes a t end of ta b le .



ve
N um - Aagerber
h o urly
of
a rn
w o rk e rs ein g s ­2
9 ,4 8 5
5, 599
3, 886

$1. 67
1. 72
1. 61

103
93
260
164
96
22
56
32
398
122
276
189
49
140
23
268
125
51
299
58
241
267
26
241
434
418
182
29
27
44
23
88

1. 88
1. 89
1. 56
1. 52
1. 64
1. 88
1. 57
1. 51
1. 72
1. 52
1. 81
1. 59
1.46
1. 63
2. 07
1.42
2. 28
2. 09
1. 70
1. 68
1. 70
1. 70
1. 66
1. 70
1. 51
1.51
1. 70
2. 05
2. 04
1. 79
1. 61
2. 15

158
32
25
156
68
22

1. 56
1. 59
1. 66
1. 77
1. 95
1.41

$ 1 . 25" r r w
and
u n der
$ 1. 30 $ 1. 35
554
129
50
234
320
79

f 1.35

N u m b er of w o rk e rs re c e iv in g stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s of—
$1745"' $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 . 60 $ 1 . 70 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10

$ 2 . 20

$ 2 . 30

$ 2 .4 0

$ 1.40
344
208
136

$ 1.45
775
479
296

$ 1. 50
772
449
323

$ 1. 60
1988
1016
972

$ 1 . 70
1408
724
684

$ 1.80
1001
582
419

$ 1 .9 0
632
365
267

$ 2 . 00
572
442
130

$ 2 . 10
419
317
102

$ 2 . 20
356
280
76

$ 2 . 30
240
187
53

$ 2 .4 0
98
73
25

$ 2 . 50
191
187
4

4
3
3
19
15
4
88
19
15
4
19
15
4
63
63
2
4
4

2
2
20
20
6
6
8
8
104
14
14
14
14
78
66
4
-

108
90
18
10
4
53
24
29
22
2
20
11
20
20
20
20
211
209
14
2
-

9
9
31
21
10
3
22
16
72
36
36
64
20
44
54
2
52
54
2
52
46
46
38
19
17

31
23
60
14
46
6
48
48
21
21

34
32
3
79
14
65
7
7
8

17
17
4
2
26
26
1
1
6

10
10
2
2
2
8

4
4
1

"
■
■
"
■
■
■

■
14
17
17
17
17
6
7
7

■
7
12
2
10
12
2
10

~
33
21
11
7
4
11
7
4

"
60
3
-

“
■
"
"
3
“
-

"

-

"

■

10
55
55
15
15
3
35
35
35
35
32
5
2
4

2

4
14
14
2
30

6
7
6
6
■
14

■
■
1
■
2
"
35

■
■
■
■
“
2
*
3

132
4
4
11
-

26
13
13
77
-

8
8
6
6

8
8

24
24

28
28

-

“
-

■

.
4
4
4
4
6
-

_
17
15
2
2
2
50
48
2
16
12
4
41
10
10
10
10
6
6
10
-

_
24
24
10
10
16
16
24
6
6
6
6
30
28
-

-

"

-

.

_
2
-

_
5
4

-

2

“

15
-

-

2
2
1

'

97
32
65
65
65
60
2
-

-

$ 2 . 50
and
o v er
6
6
■
"
■
■
"
■
■
-

32
“
-

~
■
-

■

■
”
■
“

■
~
"
~

"

-

-

“

-

■

_
~
■
”

Tabic 22. Occupational Earnings: Statesville, N.C.— Continued
(Number and average straigh t-tim e hourly earnings 2 of w orkers in se le c te d occupations in cotton tex tile m ills, Septem ber 1965)
Sex and o ccup atio n
S e le c te d p ro d uctio n
o ccu p atio n s— w om en—
C ontinued
S lu b b er te n d e rs , long d ra ft (all
in ce n tiv e w o rk e rs) _____________
S p in n ers, rin g -fra m e __________
T im e
_ _
In c en tiv e _____________________
T r u c k e rs , hand (including bo b ­
bin g irls ) (a ll tim e w o r k e r s ) ___
T w iste r te n d e rs , r in g - f r a m e ___
T im e _________________________
W a rp e r te n d e rs 3 __ ___________
T im e ______________________
H igh sp e e d (300 y. p. m . and
o v er) 4________________________
W e av ers 3 ________________________
In cen tiv e __________________
P la in loom s (all in cen tiv e
w o rk e rs) ____________________
W in d e rs, y a rn 3 _________________
T im e _____ _______________
In cen tiv e ___________ ____
A u to m atic sp o o le r ___________
T im e ______________________
In cen tiv e __________________
Cone and tu b e, n o n ­
au to m a tic __ ____ ________
T im e .
_
__
In cen tiv e
S e le c te d office o ccu p atio n s—
w om en
C le rk s, p a y ro ll _

ve
N um ­ Aagerber
ho urly
of
a rn
w o rk e rs eings ­2

$ 1. 25
and
un der
$ 1. 30

$ 1. 30

$ 1 . 35

$ 1.40

N um ber of w o rk e rs re c e iv in g stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s of—
$ 1 .4 5 $ 1.50 $ 1 . 60 $ 1. 70 $ 1. 80 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 10

$ 2 . 20

$ 2 . 30

$ 2 .4 0

$ 1. 35

$ 1.40

$ 1.45

$ 1. 50

$ 1. 60

$ 1. 70

$ 1. 80

$ 1 .9 0

$ 2 . 00

$ 2 . 10

$ 2 . 20

$ 2 . 30

$ 2 .4 0

$ 2 . 50

8
8

2
83
75
8

12
12

140
48
92
4
66
48
12
12
431
176
255
56
28
28
272
100
172

2
131
_
131

-

90
48
42
1
10
_
103
48
55
2
2
93
48
45

_
237
159
78

-

_
9
9
5
24
24
4
4
4
128
60
68
31
20
11
83
40
43

10
4
.
_
4
4
2
184
10
174
32
_
32
122
10
112

4
25
25
_
_
_
4
4
4
5
3
3
34
2
32
6
_
6
7
2
5

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
43
43
37
17
_
17
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
_
2
_
2
_

1
_
_
128
_
128
59
_
59
45
_
45

_
135
11
124
_
12
.
_
_
_
_
_
83
_
83
25
_
25
41
41

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
49
49
19
2
_
2
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
25
25
1
_

_
_
_
_
.
_
.
_
_
_
4
4
_
_
_
_
.
.
_

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

_

5

2

-

15

4

2

-

3

-

-

-

8
870
341
529
10
168
102
31
20
11
183
181
107
1,435
411
1,024
251
70
181
913
293
620

$1. 73
1. 63
1. 54
1. 68
1.48
1. 53
1.44
1. 61
1. 60
1. 78
2. 17
2. 17
2. 12
1. 54
1.44
1. 58
1.59
1.42
1. 65
1. 50
1.44
1. 54

47
47
-

32
30
4
187
115
72
22
22
-

44
44

155
93
62

87
87
18
18
46
46

31

1. 67

-

-

-

-

-

-

12
_
1
_

5
_
5

2
53
53
45
4
_
4
_
_
_
_
_

-

_

.
_
_
_

_

$ 2 . 50
and
o v er

_
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
_

_

-

-

1 The S ta tesv ille a rea co n sists of A lexander, Burke, Caldw ell, Catawba, D avie, Ired ell, and Rowan C ounties.
2 E xclu d es prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on w eek end s, h olid ays, and late sh ifts. A pproxim ately 60 p ercen t of the production w ork ers covered by this study w ere paid on a
tim e b a sis. Inform ation for w orkers in finishing and fabricating departm ents has been om itted from the wage data.
3 Includes data for w ork ers in cla ssifica tio n in addition to those shown sep arately.
4 In su fficien t data to w arrant presentation of separate averages by m ethod of wage paym ent; predom inantly tim ew ork ers.




Table 23. Occupational Earnings: Texas
(N u m b er and av e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h ourly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
N um ber A v erag e
h o urly
of
w o rk e rs e a rn in g s1

A ll p ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs ----------------------M en --------------------------------------------------W o m e n ----------------------------------------------

4, 222
2, 658
1 ,5 6 4

$1. 51
1. 54
1.47

$ 1 .2 5
and
un der
$1. 30
616
369
247

S e lected p ro d u c tio n o c cu p atio n s—
m en
C ard g rin d e rs (a ll tim e w o rk e rs) -------C ard te n d e rs ----------------------------------------T im e -----------------------------------------------C a rp e n te rs , m a in ten a n c e (all
ti m e w o r k e r s ) -------------------------------------D o ffers , sp in n in g -fra m e --------------------T i m e ------------------------------------------------In c e n tiv e ------------------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e rs ----------------------T i m e -------------------------------------------------In s p e c to rs , c lo th , m a ch in e
(all tim e w o rk e rs) ------------------------------J a n ito rs (excluding m a c h in e ry
c le a n e rs )(a ll tim e w o rk e rs) -------------Loom fix e rs , p la in and dobby
loom s --------------------------------------------------T im e -------------------------------------------------M a c h in ists, m a in ten a n c e (all
tim e w o rk e rs) -------------------------------------S la sh e r te n d e rs (all tim e w o rk e rs ) ------S lu b b er te n d e rs ------------------------------------T im e ______ _____________________
In cen tiv e -------------------------------------Long d ra ft ----------------------------------------In cen tiv e -------------------------------------S ta n d ard 3W -------------------------------------T ru c k e rs , hand (including bobbin boys)
(all tim e w o rk e rs) ------------------------------T w iste r te n d e rs , rin g -fra m e 3a / --------T y in g -in m a ch in e o p e r a to r s ----------------T i m e ------------------------------------------------W e av e rs, p la in lo o m s --------------------------In cen tiv e -------------------------------------------

24
84
64
7
201
55
146
32
13
22
74
201
167
24
35
81
20
61
52
40
29
134
8
49
39
76
74

1.75
1.46
1.40
1.69
1.69
1 .56
1 .7 4
1.41
1. 34
1 .45

.
8
8
5
5
2

1. 33
2. 02
2. 07
1.88
1. 59
1.6 4
1. 64
1. 64
1.6 4
1. 59
1. 64
1. 32
1. 37
1. 72
1 .75
1 .72
1.7 2

9
4
3
1
4
45
4
4

S ele c te d p ro d u c tio n o c cu p atio n s—
w om en
B a tte ry hands ---------------------------------------T i m e ------------------------------------------------D ra w in g -fra m e te n d e r s -----------------------T i m e ------------------------------------------------In c e n tiv e ------------------------------------------In s p e c to rs , cloth, m a ch in e (all
tim e w o rk e rs) ------------------------------------S lu b b er te n d e r s 4 ---------------------------------In cen tiv e -------------------------------------Long d ra ft ----------------------------------------In cen tiv e -------------------------------------S p in n e rs, rin g -fra m e --------------------------T i m e ------------------------------------------------In cen tiv e -------------------------------------------

218
146
42
17
25
47
18
14
10
8
285
165
120

1. 39
1. 30
1.41
1. 35
1.4 5
1. 34
1. 63
1. 59
1 .76
1.70
1. 49
1 .43
1. 58

43
43
6
6
14
34
34

Sex and o ccu p atio n

See fo o tn o tes at end of tab le


$1. 30

$1 . 55

N um ber of w o rk e rs receiv in g stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s of—
$1 . 60
$ 1 .4 5
^ITTO
$ 1 .9 0
$1. 50
? 1 . 80
$ 1 .4 0

$2. 00

$2. 10

$2. 20

$1. 35
764
456
308

$1. 40
410
257
153

$ 1 .4 5
360
236
124

$1 . 50
374
232
142

$1. 60
421
207
214

$1. 70
430
234
196

$ 1 .8 0
249
185
64

$ 1 .9 0
146
110
36

$2. 00
116
92
24

$2. 10
144
99
45

$2. 20
149
140
9

$ 2. 30
2 43
41
2

_
5
5
22
22
6
37
7
1
6
6
6
1
56
4
-

6
6
8
6
5
28
7
4
4
4
4
10
1
12
12

18
18
1
1
6
6
6
6
20
2
6
6

22
22
24
22
2
3
2

4
5
5
2
18
12
6
4
4

11
20
1
29
18
11
5
2

10
16
10
4
6
4
2
6
1
12
6
2
2

2
14
6
8
8
4
6
4
4
11
11

3
37
3
34
1
39
39
9
5
19
2
17
13
11
6
7
3
5
5

1
25
25
3
6
6
6
6
6
21
21
8
6

1
38
38
24
3
1
7
2
5
3
1
4
1
1
8
8

8
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
1
1
16
16

3
3
92
92
7
3
3

103
103
5
1
4
18
2
_
2

_
11
6
5
3
2
2
37
33
4

_
2
2
3
3 '
2
2
55
45
10

_
11
4
7
12
1
1
32
12
20

62
3
3
4
2
28
28

10
4
4

8
8

3
3
3
3
2
2

2
2
-

-

-

9
3
3
3
1
1

3
3
3
3
87
41
46

-

■-

36
36
-

-

Table 23. Occupational Earnings: Texas— Continued
(N um ber and av e ra g e stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 1 of w o rk e rs in se le c te d o ccup atio ns in cotton te x tile m ills , S e p te m b er 1965)
Sex and o ccup atio n

N um ber A verage $ 1. 25
of
h o urly
w o rk e rs earn in g s 1 uander
nd
$1. 30

S ele c te d p ro d u c tio n o ccu p atio n s—
w om en— C ontinued
W a rp er te n d e rs , high sp eed
(300 y .p .m . and o v e r ) -----------------------T i m e --------------------------------------------------W e a v e rs, p la in lo o m s --------------------------I n c e n tiv e -------------------------------------------W in d e rs, y a r n 4 ------------------------------------T i m e --------------------------------------------In cen tiv e -------------------------------------Cone and tu b e , a u to m a tic ----------------I n c e n tiv e --------------------------------------Cone and tu b e , n o n au to m atic 3b / ----F illin g , a u to m a tic (a ll tim e w o rk e rs)--

48
32
232
222
232
86
146
84
77
60
45

$ 1 .4 2
1.4 2
1.7 2
1.71
1 .4 6
1.42
1 .48
1 .4 4
1.4 3
1 .4 4
1.43

8
4
14
14
14
3
11
11
11
3

S ele c te d o ffice o ccu p atio n s—
w om en
C le rk s, p a y r o l l --------------------------------------

13

1.81

-

$1. 30

$ 1. 35

N um ber of w o rk e rs re c e iv in g stra ig h t-tim e h o u rly earn in g s of—
$ 1 .4 5
$ 1 .4 0
$1 . 50
$ 1. 60
$ 1 .7 0
$1. 80
$ 1 .9 0

$ 2. 00

$2 . 10

$2. 20

$1. 35

$ 1 .4 0

$ 1 .4 5

$1. 50

$ 1 .6 0

$1 . 70

$ 1 .8 0

$1 . 90

$ 2 .0 0

$2. 10

$2. 20

$2. 30

6
6
54
32
22
12
12
30
12

12
8
26
26
29
_
29
20
20
7
-

2
_
17
17
10
_
10
7
7
_
-

16
12
3
3
43
32
11
5
5
4
24

10
8
4
4
49
19
30
17
10
8
6

_
_
26
26
21
_
21
11
11
4
"

_
_
.35
35
12
_
12
1
1
7

_
_
31
29
_
_

_
_
20
16
_
_
_
_
-

4

1

1

_
_
_
-

3

43
39
_

7
7

_
_

_
_
-

-

2

_

2

E x clu d es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eek en ds, h o lid a y s, and la te sh ifts. A p p ro x im ately th re e -fo u rth s of the p ro d u ctio n w o rk e rs co v ered by the study w ere paid
on a tim e b a s is . In fo rm a tio n fo r w o rk e rs in fin ish in g and fa b ric a tin g d e p artm e n ts has b een o m itted fro m the w age d ata.
2 In clu d es 2 w o rk e rs at $ 2 .5 0 to $ 2 .6 0 .
In su fficie n t d a ta to w a rra n t p re se n ta tio n of se p a ra te a v e ra g e s by m ethod of wage pay m ent; (a) p re d o m in a n tly tim e w o rk e rs, and (b) p red o m in a n tly in cen tiv e w o rk e rs.
In clu d es d a ta fo r w o rk e rs in c la ssific a tio n in addition to th o se show n se p a ra te ly .




Table 24. Method' of Wage Payment

Table 25. Scheduled Weekly Hours

(P e rc e n t of p ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs in c o tto n te x tile m ills by m ethod of wage pay m ent,
U nited S ta te s and s e le c te d re g io n s, S ep tem b er 1965)

(P e rc e n t of p ro d uctio n and office w o rk e rs in co tto n te x tile m ills by sch edu led w eekly h o urs,1
U nited S ta te s and se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)

M ethod of w age p a y m e n t1
A ll w o rk e rs

U nited S ta te s 2 New England
100

100

S o uth east

Southw est

W eekly h o u rs 1

100

100

A ll w o rk e rs _ __ ____ —
U nder 40 h o u rs ____ ___ __
40 h o u r s __ __ _ _ __
O ver 40 and u n d e r 48 h o u rs __
48 h o u rs
... _

100

100

100

100

(3)
37
2
61

90
10
-

34
2
64

56
6
39

A ll w o r k e r s --------------------U nder 40 h o u rs _____
40 h o u rs
O ver 40 h o u rs __

100
9
89
2

100
10
89
1

100
8
90
2

100
.
91
9

In c en tiv e w o r k e r s _____________
In d iv id u al p ie c e w o r k ____ __
G ro u p p ie c e w o r k ____
In d iv id u al bonus . __
___
G ro u p bonus ___

34
32
( 3)
1
1

44
42
(3)
1
-

34
32
(3)
1
1

26
12
1
11
2

T im e -ra te d w o rk e rs
F o rm a l p lan s ______ __
S ingle ra te _______________
R ange of r a te s _______ __
In d iv id u al ra te s __ ___

66
64
64
(3)
2

56
55
55
2

66
64
64
(3)
2

74
65
65
9

1 F o r d efin itio n of m e th o d s of w age paym ent, see appendix A.
2 In clu d e s d ata fo r re g io n s in ad d itio n to th o se shown se p a ra te ly .
3 L e ss than 0. 5 p e rc e n t.
N O TE: B ecau se of ro u n din g, su m s of in d ividual item s m ay not equal to tals.




U nited S tates 2 New E ngland S o uth east
P ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs

S outhw est

Office w o rk e rs

1 D ata re la te to p re d o m in a n t w o rk sch edu le of fu ll-tim e d a y -sh ift w o rk e rs in each
e sta b lish m e n t.
2 In clu d es data fo r reg io n s in ad d ition to th o se shown s e p a ra te ly .
3 L e ss than 0. 5 p e rc e n t.
NOTE: B ecau se of ro unding, su m s of indiv id u al ite m s m ay not equal to ta ls.

Table 26. Shift Differential Provisions

Table 27. Shift Differential Practices

(P e rc e n t of p ro d uctio n w o rk e rs in cotton te x tile m ills
by sh ift d iffe re n tia l p ro v isio n s,1 U nited S ta te s and
se le c te d re g io n s, S eptem b er 1965)

(P e rc e n t of p ro d uctio n w o rk e rs in co tton te x tile m ills em ployed on
la te sh ifts by am o u nt of pay d iffe re n tia l, U nited S ta te s and
se le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)

S hift d iffe re n tia l
S econd sh ift
W o rk e rs in e sta b lish m e n ts
having s e c o n d -s h ift
p r o v is io n s ____________________
W ith sh ift d iffe re n tia l _____
U n ifo rm c e n ts p e r h o u r ..
5 c e n ts _______________
6 ce n ts _______________
U n iform p e rc e n ta g e ____
5 p e rc e n t _____________
7 p e rc e n t _____________
10 p e rc e n t ._ ____
W ith no sh ift d iffe re n tia l __
T h ird o r o th e r la te sh ift
W o rk e rs in e sta b lish m e n ts
having th ir d - o r o th e r la te sh ift p ro v isio n s
W ith sh ift d iffe re n tia l _____
U n ifo rm c e n ts p e r h o u r ..
2 V2 c e n ts
___________
3 ce n ts __________
5 c e n ts _______________
6 re n ts ...
7 c e n ts _ __ ___
8 c e n ts
__ ..
10 c e n t s _____________
U niform p e r c e n t a g e ____
5 p e rc e n t _____________
7 p e rc e n t __ ___ ..
7 V2 p e rc e n t __________
10 p e rc e n t
....
II V 2 p e rc e n t _________
W ith no sh ift d iffe re n tia l __

U nited S tates 2 New England

S o uth east

S outhw est

U nited S tates 1 New E ngland

S o uth east

Southw est

Second sh ift
9 9.4
1. 0
.1
.1
(3)
.9
.3
.5
.1
98. 5

96. 8
96. 8

99. 9
.5
.5
.5
99 .4

84. 8
-

99. 1
74. 7
73. 5
1. 7
.8
66. 2
.1
4. 3
.3
.1
1. 2
.4

96. 8
96. 5
9 5.6
95. 6
I. 0
1.0
.3

99 .4
73. 9
73. 0
1 .8
.8
68. 6
1. 5
.3
.8
.3
.5
25. 5

93. 2
75. 5
75. 5
75. 5
17. 8

(3)
.1
.1
24 .4

-

84. 8

1 R e fe rs to p o lic ie s of e sta b lish m e n ts e ith e r c u rre n tly o p e ra tin g la te sh ifts o r having
p ro v isio n s c o v erin g la te sh ifts.
2 In clu d es d ata fo r reg io n s in ad d ition to th o se shown se p a ra te ly .
3 L e ss th an 0. 05 p e rc e n t.
NO TE: B e cau se of ro u n din g, su m s of in dividual item s m ay n o t equal to ta ls.




Shift d iffe re n tia l

W o rk e rs em ployed on second
sh ift _________ ________________
R eceiving sh ift
d iffe re n tia l __ ________
U niform c e n ts p e r h o u r _
5 cen ts _______________
U niform p e r c e n t a g e ____
5 p e rc e n t
___
7 p e rc e n t _____________
R eceiving no sh ift
d iffe re n tia l .
T h ird o r o th e r la te sh ift
W o rk e rs em ployed on th ird o r
o th e r late sh ift
R eceiving sh ift
d iffe re n tia l _ „
U niform c e n ts p e r h o u r ..
27 2 c e n ts _____________
3 cen ts _______________
5 cen ts
6 c e n ts _______________
7 cen ts _______________
8 cen ts ___ __
10 c e n ts . _
_ .
U niform p e r c e n t a g e ____
5 p e rc e n t
7 p e rc e n t ._ ._ ___
10 p e rc e n t ________ ___
R eceiving no sh ift
d iffe r e n t ia l

........................... .

29. 1
.2
(2)
(2)
.2
(2)
.2
28. 9

27. 5
27. 5

29 .3
.2
.2
.2
29. 2

27. 5
27. 5

24. 3
18. 3
18. 1
.5
.2
16.4
(2)
.9
.1
(2)
.2
.1
.1
(2)
5. 9

19. 5
19. 5
19. 5
19. 5
-

24. 6
18. 5
18. 2
.5
.2
17. 1
.4
.1
.2
.1
.1
6. 2

21.3
16. 5
16. 5
16. 5
4. 8

(2)

-

1 In clu d es d ata fo r re g io n s in a d d ition to th o se show n se p a ra te ly .
2 L e ss than 0. 0 5 p e rc e n t.
NOTE: B ecau se of ro unding, su m s of indiv id u al ite m s m ay not equal to ta ls.




Table 28. Paid Holidays
(P e rc e n t of pro d uctio n and office w o rk e rs in co tton te x tile m ills w ith fo rm a l p ro v isio n s fo r paid h o lid a y s,
U nited S tates and s e le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)
Num ber of paid holidays
A ll w o rk ers________________________
W orkers in estab lish m en ts providing
paid holidays __________________________
1 day —-----------------------------------------------2 days ______________ __________________
3 days __________________________ ____
4 days _________ -______________________
5 days ......... . _ .............. .........
. ...
6 days ________________________________
6 days plus 1 half day ___ -__________
7 days or m ore ______________________
W orkers in estab lish m en ts providing
no paid holidays ____________________ ___

United States 1

New England
Southeast
Production w orkers

Southwest

100

100

100

100

46
10
19
7
3
2
5
(2)
1
54

100
(2)
1
97
1

44
11
20
7
3
2
2
56

43
36
7
57

100

100

"
Office w orkers

A ll w o rk ers-----------------------------------W orkers in estab lish m en ts providing
paid holidays __________________________
1 day _________________________________
1 day plus 1 half day _________________
2 days ________________________________
2 days plus 1 half day _________ _____
3 days ________________________________
4 days ________________________________
5 days ________________________________
6 days ____ ___________________________
6 days plus 1 half day _______________
7 days ___________________ ___________
8 days _____ ___________________________
8 days or m ore ______________________
W orkers in estab lish m en ts providing
no paid holidays _______________________

100
86
18
(2)
9
(2)
3
5
19
26
(2)
3
2
1
14

100
100
-

1
54
19
25
1

1 Includes d ata fo r reg io n s in ad dition to th o se show n s e p a ra te ly .
2 L e ss than 0. 5 p e rc e n t.
NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, su m s of indiv id u al ite m s m ay not equal to ta ls.

85
20
(2)
10
(2)
4
6
20
25
1
15

71
-

3
42
26
29

Table 29. Paid Vacations—Plant Workers

Table 30. Paid Vacations—Office Workers

(P ercen t of production w orkers in cotton textile m ills with form al p rovision s
for paid v a catio n s, United States and selected regions, Septem ber 1965)
V acation p olicy
A ll w o r k e rs_______________
M ethod of paym ent
W orkers in esta b lish m en ts
providing paid vacations ____
L en g th -o f-tim e paym ent ___
P ercen ta g e paym ent _______
F la t-su m paym ent __________
W orkers in esta b lish m en ts
providing no paid v a c a tio n s__
Am ount of vacation pay 3
A fter 1 year of se r v ic e
Under 1 w eek __________________
1 w eek __________________________
O ver 1 and under 2 w eek s ____
2 w eek s _________________________
A fter 3 y ea rs of se r v ic e
Under 1 w eek __________________
1 w eek _ . , , _____... ____
■
Over 1 and under 2 w eek s ____
2 w eeks _______________ ________
Over 2 and under 3 w eeks ____
A fter 5 y ea rs of se r v ic e
Under 1 w eek __________ ________
1 w eek __________________________
O ver 1 and under 2 w eek s ____
2 w eeks ____________ ____________
Over 2 and under 3 w eeks ____
A fter 10 y ea rs of se r v ic e
Under 1 w eek __________________
1 w eek __________________________
Over 1 and under 2 w eeks ____
2 w eeks _________________________
Over 2 and under 3 w eeks
3 w eeks _________________________
A fter 15 y ea rs of s e r v ic e 4
Under 1 w eek __________________
1 w eek _______ __________ _
O ver 1 and under 2 w eek s _____
2 w eek s _____ _________ ________
O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ____
3 w eeks ________________________-

United States 1 New England

(P ercen t of office w ork ers in cotton tex tile m ills with form al p rovisions
for paid v a catio n s, United States and selected reg io n s, Septem ber 1965)

Southeast

Southwest

V acation po licy
A ll w o rk e rs ---------------------M ethod of paym ent
W o rk e rs in e sta b lish m e n ts
p ro viding p aid v a c a tio n s ____
L e n g th -o f-tim e p ay m ent ___
P e rc e n ta g e p ay m ent _______
O ther ____________________ __
W o rk e rs in e sta b lish m e n ts
p roviding no paid v a c a tio n s __
A m ount of v acatio n pay 3
A fte r 1 y e a r of se rv ic e
1 w eek ___________ ______________
O ver 1 and u n der 2 w eeks ____
2 w eeks — ______________ ____
3 w eeks , ____ __ _

100

100

100

100

97
8
88
(2)
3

99
3
97
(2)

97
8
89
(2)
3

86
7
80
14

1
83
10
2

.
99
-

1
83
10
3

17
66
3
-

1
74
18
4
1

4
96
-

1
76
15
4
1

83
3
"

(2)
19
9
67
1

.

(2)
20
10
66
1

_
27
59
-

(2)
20
10
66
1
■

10
17
56
3

(2)
19
10
64
1
2

10
17
56
3

(2)
18
10
67
1
(2)
(2)
18
10
65
1
2

-

99
_
-

99
.
-

99
■

-

_

1 Includes data for regions in addition to those shown sep arately.
2 L e ss than 0. 5 p ercen t,
3 V acation paym ents such as percent of annual earnings w ere converted to an equiv­
alent tim e b a sis. P eriod s of se rv ice w ere arbitrarily chosen and do not n e c e ssa r ily r e ­
fle c t the individual estab lish m en t provision s for p rogression . F or exam ple, the changes
in proportions indicated at 10 y ea rs m ay include changes occurring betw een 5 and 10 y e a rs.
• V acation p rov isio n s w ere virtually the sam e after longer periods of se r v ic e .
NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals.




A fte r 2 y e a rs of s e rv ic e
1 w eek ________ _______________
O ver 1 and un der 2 w eeks ____
2 w eeks _
____
__
3 we eks _________________________
A fte r 5 y eays of se rv ic e
1 w eek ________________ _________
O ver 1 and u n der 2 w eeks ____
2 w eeks ____ __________________
3 w eeks _________ _______________
4 w eeks ________
___________
A fte r 10 y e a rs of s e rv ic e
1 w eek __
___ _____
O ver 1 and u n der 2 w eeks ____
2 w eeks ______________ ________
O ver 2 and un der 3 w eeks ____
3 w eeks ____ ___________ ____
O ver 3 and u n der 4 w e e k s ____
4 w eeks __
__ __ _ _
A fte r 15 y e a rs of s e r v ic e 4
1 w eek _________________________
O ver 1 and u n der 2 w eeks
2 w eeks —______ _____________ _
3 w eeks __ __________ _______ _
4 w eeks .. ___„ ________ ____

U nited S tates 1 New E ngland

S o uth east

S outhw est

100

100

100

100

99
83
15
1

100
100
-

99
82
16
1

100
80
20

-

(2)

-

(2)

43
3
53
(2)

31
69
-

44
3
52
1

34
66
-

39
3
57
(2)

6
94
-

41
3
55
1

34
66
-

21
1
75
2
(2)

_
100

23
1
73
2
1

17
80
3
-

23
1
70
4
1
1

17
80
_
3
-

22
1
60
16
1

17
67
17
-

21
1
69
(2)
7
1
(2)
20
' 1
59
18
1

-

-

_
-

50
50
_
-

36
64

1 Includes data for regions in addition to those shown sep arately.
2 L e ss than 0. 5 p ercent.
3 Vacation paym ents such as p ercent of annual earnings w ere converted to an equiv­
alent tim e b a sis. P eriod s of se r v ic e w ere arb itra rily ch osen and do not n ecessa rily r e ­
flect the individual estab lish m en t p rovision s for p rog ression . For exam ple, the changes
in proportions indicated at 10 y ea rs m ay include changes o ccurrin g betw een 5 and 10 y ea rs.
* Vacation p rovision s w ere virtu ally the sam e after longer p eriods of serv ice.
NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals.

Table 31. Health, Insurance, and Retirement Plans
(Percent of production and office workers in cotton textile m ills with specified health, insurance, and retirem ent plans,
United States and selected regions, September 1965)
Type of plan 1
A ll w o rk ers-. — —
____
W orkers in esta b lish m en ts providing:
Life in su rance _ _____________________
E m ployer financed _______________
Jointly financed ___________________
A ccid en tal death and d ism em b er­
m ent in su rance _____________________
E m p loyer financed _____ _ _____
Jointly financed ___________________
S ick n ess and accid ent in su ran ce, or
sic k le a v e , or both 3 _______________
S ick n ess and accid ent insurance __
E m ployer financed ____________
Jointly financed _______________
Sick lea v e (full pay, no waiting
period) ___________________________
S ick lea v e (partial pay or waiting
period) ___________________________
H osp italization in su rance ___________
E m ployer financed __ _
_
Jointly financed ___________________
S u rgical in su rance ___________________
E m p loyer financed _________ _____
Jointly financed ___________________
M edical in su rance ____________________
E m ployer financed _______________
Jointly financed ___________________
C atastrophe in su rance _______________
E m p loyer financed _______________
Jointly financed ____________ _____
R etirem en t plans:
P en sion plans 5 ____________________
E m p loyer financed _________
Join tly financed ____________
A ctu arial plan _________________
Annuity type p rofit-sh a rin g
Pian ............................--.......................
Both types of plans 6 __________
L um p-sum paym ents ___________
Nn plans
__

United States 2

New England
Southeast
Production w orkers

Southwest

United States 2

New England
Southeast
O ffice w orkers

Southwest

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

95
26
69
58
14
44
50
50
16
34

97
96
1
86
86
96
96
96
1
99
98
1
99
98
1
99
98
1
1
1
1
96
-

95
23
73
58
12
46
48
48
13
35
95
21
74
95
21
74
43
7
35
23
1
22
54
35
19
34
19
(4)
1
1

92
57
35
24
24
60
60
36
24
94
59
35
94
59
35
65
48
17
12
12
42
36
6
6
36
6

98
24
74

90
89
1
64
64
_

99
17
82
60
6
54
50
35
5
31
28
1
97
13
83
97
13
83
49
7
42
38
5
33
74
29
44
55
9
10
1
(4)

95
62
32
22
_
22
59
31
14
18
42
98
66
32
98
66
32
67
49
18
45
2
43
45
9
35
3
_
42
2

(4)
95
24
70
95
24
70
45
11
33
22
1
20
52
34
18
33
18
(4)
4
2

59
11
49
54
36
7
28
33
1
96
20
76
96
20
76
52
13
39
36
5
32
68
28
40
50
8
10
6
1

93
19
19
_
92
95
94
1
95
94
1
95
94
1
4
1
4
5
5
4
1
84

-

1 In c lu d es only th o se p lan s fo r w hich a t le a s t p a rt of the c o st is b o rn e by the e m p lo y e r, le g a lly re q u ire d p lans such as w o rk m e n 's co m p ensatio n and so c ia l se c u rity w ere excluded;
h o w ev er, th o se p lan s re q u ire d by S tate te m p o ra ry d isa b ility in su ran ce law s w e re in cluded if the e m p lo y er c o n trib u te s m o re than is le g ally re q u ire d o r the em p lo y ees re c e iv e b en efits in
e x c ess of the le g a l re q u ire m e n ts .
2 In c lu d es d a ta fo r re g io n s in a d d ition to those shown se p a ra te ly .
3 U n d u p licated to ta l of w o rk e rs receiv in g sic k leav e o r sick n ess and a c c id e n t in su ra n c e show n s e p a ra te ly .
4 L e s s th an 0. 5 p e rc e n t.
5 L im ite d to p lan s p ro v id in g re g u la r paym ents fo r the re m a in d e r of the r e ti r e e 's life , including; a c tu a ria l p la n s— the e m p lo y er c o n trib u te s sp e c ific am o u nts to a p en sio n plan providing
fo r p re d e te rm in e d p a y m en ts to the r e tir e e fo r life (the plan m ay be funded o r unfunded, and is not b a sed on p ro fits); and annuity type p ro fit-sh a rin g p la n s— c e rta in n o n c u rre n t p ro fit-sh a rin g
p lan s w hich p ro v id e fo r the p u rc h a se of an annuity payable o v er the r e ti r e e 's life w ith funds a c cu m u lated to h is c re d it at re tire m e n t.
6 B oth " a c tu a ria l" and "an n u ity type p ro fit-sh a rin g p la n s" a re p ro v id ed s e p a ra te ly by the e sta b lish m e n t.
NO TE; B e c a u se of ro u n din g, su m s of individual ite m s m ay not equal to ta ls.




Table 32. Profit-Sharing Plans
(P e rc e n t of production and office w o rk e rs in co tton te x tile m ills prov id in g p ro fit-s h a rin g p la n s, 1 by type of p lan ,
U nited S tates and s e le c te d re g io n s, S e p te m b er 1965)
T ype of p lan 2
A ll w o rk e rs ------------------------------------W o rk e rs in e sta b lish m e n ts pro v id in g
p ro fit-s h a rin g p lan s . ________________
P la n s p ro v id in g fo r—
C u r r e n t d istr ib u tio n
__
D e fe rre d d istrib u tio n _____________
C u rre n t and d e fe rre d
d istrib u tio n
E le c tiv e d istrib u tio n _ _ _______
W o rk e rs in e sta b lish m e n ts pro v id in g
nn p r o f it - s h a r i n g p la n s
....................... .

1
2

U nited S tates 3

N ew E ngland
S o uth east
P ro d u c tio n w o rk e rs

100
22
1
19
1

100
1

78

99

1

Southw est

U nited S ta te s 3

100
22
1
19
2

100

100
20
1
18
1

78

64

36
36

80

New E ngland
S o uth east
O ffice w o rk e rs

100
1
1
99

Southw est

100
21
1
19
1

100

79

58

42
42

L im ite d to fo rm a l plan s: (1) Having e sta b lish ed fo rm u la s fo r the a llo c a tio n of p ro fit s h a re s am ong em p lo y ees; (2) w hose fo rm u la s w e re c o m m u n icated to the em p lo y ees in advance
of th e d e te rm in a tio n of p ro fits; (3) th a t re p re s e n t a co m m itm ent by the com pany to m ake p e rio d ic co n trib u tio n s b ased on p ro fits; and (4) in w hich elig ib ility ex ten d s to a m a jo rity of the p lant
o r o ffice w o rk e rs .
D ata a r e show n fo r 4 plan c a te g o rie s b ased on p ro v isio n s fo r d istrib u tin g p ro fit s h a re s to p a rticip atin g em ployees: C u rre n t d istrib u tio n p lan s (p ro fit sh a re s a re d istrib u te d soon—
w ithin 1 y e a r— a fte r p ro fits a re d e term in ed ); d e fe rre d d istrib u tio n p lan s (p ro fit s h a re s a re d istrib u te d a fte r a sp e c ifie d n u m b er of y e a rs , o r at re tire m e n t); c u rre n t and d e fe rre d d is trib u ­
tion p lan s (o r fe a tu re s of both p lan s com bined into 1 plan); and e le c tiv e d istrib u tio n p lan s (p a rtic ip a n ts m u st e le c t the type of d istrib u tio n — c u rre n t, d e fe rre d , o r co m b in atio n of c u rre n t
a nd d e fe rre d ).
In c lu d e s d ata fo r re g io n s in addition to those shown se p a ra te ly .
NO TE: B e cau se of ro u n din g, su m s of individual item s m ay not equal to ta ls.

3







Appendix A. Scope and Method of Survey

Scope of S u rv ey
The s u r v e y in c lu d e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r i m a r i l y e n g a g e d in the f o llo w in g i n d u s t r i a l a c ­
t i v i t i e s , a s d e f in e d in the 1957 e d itio n o f the S t a n d a r d I n d u s t r i a l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l and
19^3 S u p p l e m e n t , p r e p a r e d by the U . S . B u r e a u o f the B u d g e t :
(1)

W ea vin g f a b r i c s o v e r 12 i n c h e s in w idth , w h olly o r c h ie f ly of co tto n (SIC 2211 ).

(2) S p in n in g y a r n w h olly o r c h ie f ly by w e ig h t of co tton ( p a r t o f S I C 2281).
(3)

T h r o w in g , t w i s t i n g , w in d in g ,
o f c o tton ( p a r t o f S I C 2282).

or

spooling

yarn

w h olly

o r c h i e f l y by w e ig h t

(4)

M a n u f a c t u r i n g t h r e a d f r o m co tto n f i b e r ( p a r t o f S IC 2284).

M i l l s m a n u f a c t u r i n g t e x t i l e s m a d e f r o m a m i x t u r e o f co tto n and s y n t h e t i c f i b e r s w e r e i n ­
c lu d e d i f m i x t u r e c o n t e n t s w e r e p r e d o m i n a t e l y c o t t o n ;20 h o w e v e r , m i l l s m a n u f a c t u r i n g p r o d ­
u c t s c o n t a in in g 25 p e r c e n t w o ol o r m o r e w e r e e x c l u d e d f r o m the s t u d y .
A few cotton t e x t i l e m i l l s o p e r a t e d e p a r t m e n t s e n g a g e d in b l e a c h i n g , clo th d y e in g and
f i n i s h i n g , and f a b r i c a t i o n (in clu d in g s h e e t s , p i l l o w c a s e s , b l a n k e t b in d in g, c u r t a i n s , and
d rap e rie s).
W o r k e r s in t h e s e d e p a r t m e n t s w e r e in c lu d e d in t o t a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s
and in the t a b u l a t i o n s of e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s .
D ata for
t h e s e w o r k e r s w e r e e x c l u d e d f r o m t a b l e s 1 th ro u g h 7, but a r e p r o v i d e d s e p a r a t e l y in t a b le 8.

at

the

Th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d w e r e s e l e c t e d f r o m t h o s e e m p l o y i n g 20 w o r k e r s o r m o r e
t i m e o f r e f e r e n c e of the d a t a u s e d in c o m p i l in g the u n i v e r s e l i s t s (U. I. l i s t i n g s ) .

T h e n u m b e r of e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and w o r k e r s a c t u a l l y s t u d i e d by the B u r e a u , a s w e l l
a s the n u m b e r e s t i m a t e d to b e in the i n d u s t r y d u r i n g the p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d i e d , a r e shown
in the t a b l e on the f o llo w in g p a g e .
M e th o d o f S tu d y
D a t a w e r e o b t a i n e d by p e r s o n a l v i s i t s of B u r e a u f ie l d e c o n o m i s t s u n d e r the d i r e c t i o n
o f the B u r e a u ' s A s s i s t a n t R e g i o n a l D i r e c t o r s f o r W a g e s and I n d u s t r i a l R e l a t i o n s . T h e s u r ­
v e y w a s c o n d u c t e d on a s a m p l e b a s i s .
To obtain a p p r o p r ia te a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o st ,
a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n of l a r g e than of s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w a s s t u d i e d .
In c o m b i n i n g the
d a t a , h o w e v e r , a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w e r e g i v e n t h e i r a p p r o p r i a t e w e ig h t .
A ll e s tim a te s a re
p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e , a s r e l a t i n g to a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in the i n d u s t r i e s , e x c l u d in g on ly
t h o s e b e l o w the m i n i m u m s i z e a t the t i m e o f r e f e r e n c e o f the u n i v e r s e d a t a .
E s t a b l i s h m e n t D e f i n i t io n
A n e s t a b l i s h m e n t , f o r p u r p o s e s of th is s t u d y , i s d e f in e d a s a s i n g l e p h y s i c a l l o c a t i o n
w here in d u stria l op eration s a r e p e rfo r m e d .
An e s t a b l i s h m e n t i s not n e c e s s a r i l y i d e n t i c a l
with the c o m p a n y , w h ich m a y c o n s i s t o f one o r m o r e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
The t e r m s " e s t a b ­
l i s h m e n t " and " m i l l " a r e u s e d i n t e r c h a n g e a b l y in t h i s r e p o r t .

20 Mills primarily engaged in manufacturing synthetic textiles were included in a separate study. See Industry Wage Survey:
Synthetic Textiles, September 1965 (BLS Bulletin 1509, 1966).




53

54

Estimated Number of Establishments and Workers Within Scope of Survey and Number Studied,
Cotton Textile Manufacturing, September 1965
Number of establishments ^
Region,1 State, and area 2 Within scope
of study
United States 5 -----------New England -----------------Southeast6 --------------------Alabama--------------------Georgia --------------------North Carolina -----------Charlotte --------------Statesville ------------South Carolina -----------Greenville—
Spartanburg ------------------Southwest 6 --------------------Texas -----------------------

557
19
491
48
91
211
89
40
128
55
16
14

Studied
244
13
209
27
42
76
33
15
57
25
12
10

Workers in establishments
Within scope of study
Office
Production
Total 4
workers
workers
261,148
8,155
245, 235
27, 958
47, 993
81,996
38,868
10, 664
70, 406
26, 730
5,495
4, 830

240,996
7,357
226,650
26,039
44, 581
75,087
35,463
9, 796
65,618
25,007
5,092
4,490

6,060
381
5,450
658
1,038
1,971
1,171
185
1,235
434
96
84

Studied
Total
168,992
7, 896
155,806
22, 760
30,102
49,375
27, 484
5, 294
39,418
13,692
4,000
3,335

1 The regions used in this study include: New England—Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire,
Rhode Island, and Vermont; Southeast—Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennes­
see, and Virginia; and Southwest—Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas.
2 See individual area tables for counties included in selected areas.
3 Includes only establishments with 20 workers or more at the time of reference of the universe data.
4 Includes executive, professional, and other workers excluded from the production and office worker categories
shown separately.
5 Includes data for regions in addition to those shown separately. Alaska and Hawaii were not included in the study.
^ Includes data for States in addition to those shown separately.

E m ploym en t
T h e e s t i m a t e s of the n u m b e r of w o r k e r s within the s c o p e of the s t u d y a r e in ten d e d
a s a g e n e r a l g u id e to the s i z e and c o m p o s i t i o n o f the l a b o r f o r c e i n c lu d e d in the s u r v e y .
T h e a d v a n c e p la n n in g n e c e s s a r y to m a k e a w a g e s u r v e y r e q u i r e s the u s e o f l i s t s o f e s t a b ­
l i s h m e n t s a s s e m b l e d c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e of the p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d i e d .
Produ ction W orkers
Th e t e r m " p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s , " a s u s e d in th is b u ll e t i n , i n c l u d e s w o r k in g f o r e m e n
and a l l n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in n o n o ff ic e f u n c t i o n s .
A d m in istr a tiv e , exe cu tiv e,
p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n i c a l p e r s o n n e l , and f o r c e - a c c o u n t c o n s t r u c t i o n e m p l o y e e s , who w e r e
u t i l i z e d a s a s e p a r a t e w o r k f o r c e on the f i r m ’ s own p r o p e r t i e s , w e r e e x c l u d e d .
O f f ic e W o r k e r s
T h e t e r m " o f f i c e w o r k e r s , " a s u s e d in t h i s b u ll e t i n , i n c l u d e s a l l n o n s u p e r v i s o r y o f f i c e
w o r k e r s and e x c l u d e s a d m i n i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t i v e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n i c a l e m p l o y e e s .
O c c u p a t i o n s S e l e c t e d f o r S tud y
O c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n w a s b a s e d on a u n i f o r m s e t of jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d
to t a k e a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t and i n t e r a r e a v a r i a t i o n s in d u t i e s within the s a m e jo b .
(S e e a p p e n d i x B f o r t h e s e d e s c r i p t i o n s . ) Th e o c c u p a t i o n s w e r e c h o s e n f o r t h e i r n u m e r i c a l
i m p o r t a n c e , t h e i r u s e f u l n e s s in c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a i n i n g , o r t h e i r r e p r e s e n t a t i v e n e s s o f the
e n t i r e jo b s c a l e in the i n d u s t r y .
W ork in g s u p e r v i s o r s , a p p r e n t i c e s , l e a r n e r s , b e g i n n e r s ,
t r a i n e e s , h a n d i c a p p e d , p a r t - t i m e , t e m p o r a r y , and p r o b a t i o n a r y w o r k e r s w e r e not r e p o r t e d
in the d a t a f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s but w e r e i n c lu d e d in the d a t a f o r a l l p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s .




55

W a ge D a t a
T h e w a g e i n f o r m a t i o n r e l a t e s to a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s , e x c l u d in g
p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and l a t e s h i f t s .
In c e n t iv e
p a y m e n t s , s u c h a s t h o s e r e s u l t i n g f r o m p i e c e w o r k o r p r o d u c t i o n b o n u s s y s t e m s , and c o s t o f - l i v i n g b o n u s e s w e r e i n c lu d e d a s a p a r t of the w o r k e r s ' r e g u l a r p a y , but n o n p r o d u c t io n
bonus p ay m en ts su ch a s C h r i s t m a s o r y e a re n d b o n u se s w e re excluded.
A v e r a g e h o urly r a t e s o r e a r n in g s fo r each occup atio n or for other g ro u p s of w o r k e r s ,
s u c h a s m e n , w o m e n , o r p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s , w e r e c a l c u l a t e d by w e ig h tin g e a c h r a t e (o r
h o u r l y e a r n i n g s ) by the n u m b e r of w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g the r a t e , t o t a l i n g , and d i v id in g by the
n um b er of in d iv id u als.
T h e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s of s a l a r i e d w o r k e r s w e r e o b t a i n e d by d iv id in g
t h e i r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r y by n o r m a l r a t h e r than a c t u a l h o u r s .
S i z e o f C o m m u n it y
T a b u l a t i o n s by s i z e of c o m m u n i t y p e r t a i n to m e t r o p o l i t a n and n o n m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s .
Th e t e r m " m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a , " a s u s e d in t h is b u ll e t i n , r e f e r s to the S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n
S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a s a s d e f in e d by the U. S . B u r e a u of the B u d g e t t h ro u g h M a r c h 19 65.
E x c e p t in N e w E n g l a n d , a S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a i s d e f in e d a s a county
o r g r o u p o f c o n t i g u o u s c o u n t ie s w hich c o n t a in s at l e a s t one c it y of 5 0 , 0 0 0 i n h a b i t a n t s o r
m ore.
C o n t ig u o u s c o u n t ie s to the one c o n t a in in g s u c h a city a r e in c lu d e d in a S t a n d a r d
M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , i f , a c c o r d i n g to c e r t a i n c r i t e r i a , th ey a r e e s s e n t i a l l y m e t r o ­
p o l i t a n in c h a r a c t e r and a r e s o c i a l l y and e c o n o m i c a l l y i n t e g r a t e d with the c e n t r a l c it y . In
N ew E n g l a n d , w h e r e the c it y and town a r e a d m i n i s t r a t i v e l y m o r e i m p o r t a n t than the co u n ty ,
they a r e the u n its u s e d in d e fin in g S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a s .
Type of M ill
T h r e e b a s i c t y p e s o f m i l l s p r o d u c i n g co tto n t e x t i l e s w e r e in c lu d e d in the s u r v e y — y a r n ,
w e a v i n g , and i n t e g r a t e d m i l l s . Y a r n m i l l s p r o c e s s r a w co tton into f i n i s h e d y a r n s , p r i m a r i l y
f o r u s e in w e a v i n g and k n ittin g f a b r i c s ; w e a v i n g m i l l s p u r c h a s e y a r n and w e a v e it into f a b r i c s ;
and i n t e g r a t e d m i l l s a r e a c o m b i n a t io n of the f i r s t two t y p e s , p r o c e s s i n g r a w co tton into
y a r n and then w e a v i n g it into cloth .
C a r d e d and C o m b e d Y a r n
S e p a r a t e d a t a a r e p r e s e n t e d a c c o r d i n g to the p r e d o m i n a n t ty p e of y a r n — c a r d e d o r
c o m b e d — sp u n o r w o ven . C a r d e d y a r n s c o n t a in a m i x t u r e o f long and s h o r t f i b e r s and a r e
u s e d in w e a v i n g m e d i u m and c o a r s e f a b r i c s .
C o m b e d y a r n s a r e c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the r e ­
m o v a l of the s h o r t e r f i b e r s and the s t r a i g h t e n i n g of f i b e r s s o a s to y i e l d g r e a t e r u n i f o r m i t y ,
s t r e n g t h , and s m o o t h n e s s . T h e s e y a r n s a r e w o ven into fin e g o o d s s u c h a s p e r c a l e s h e e t i n g s
and o r g a n d i e s .
C la s s of F a b r i c s
T a b u l a t i o n s by c l a s s o f f a b r i c a r e b a s e d on c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s u s e d by the U. S . B u r e a u
of the C e n s u s and i s s u e d in t h e ir p u b l ic a t i o n :
C u r r e n t I n d u s t r i a l R e p o r t s — C otto n B r o a d W oven G o o d s . F a b r i c s c o n ta in in g 25 p e r c e n t w o o l o r m o r e w e r e e x c l u d e d f r o m t h is stu d y ;
B u r e a u o f the C e n s u s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s i n c lu d e m i x t u r e s up to 50 p e r c e n t w ool.
M e th o d o f W a ge P a y m e n t
T a b u l a t i o n s by m e t h o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t r e l a t e to the n u m b e r of w o r k e r s p a i d u n d e r
the v a r i o u s t i m e and i n c e n t i v e w a g e s y s t e m s . F o r m a l r a t e s t r u c t u r e s f o r t i m e - r a t e d w o r k e r s
p r o v i d e s i n g l e r a t e s o r a r a n g e o f r a t e s f o r in d iv id u a l j o b c a t e g o r i e s .
In the a b s e n c e of
a f o r m a l r a t e s t r u c t u r e , p a y r a t e s a r e d e t e r m i n e d p r i m a r i l y with r e f e r e n c e to the q u a l i f i ­
c a t i o n s o f the i n d iv id u a l w o r k e r .
A s i n g l e r a t e s t r u c t u r e i s one in w h ich the s a m e r a t e
i s p a i d to a l l e x p e r i e n c e d w o r k e r s in the s a m e jo b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n .
L e a r n e r s , app ren tices,
o r p r o b a t i o n a r y w o r k e r s m a y b e p a i d a c c o r d i n g to r a t e s c h e d u l e s w h ich s t a r t b e l o w the
s i n g l e r a t e and p e r m i t the w o r k e r s to a c h i e v e the fu ll j o b r a t e o v e r a p e r i o d o f t i m e . I n d i ­
v i d u a l e x p e r i e n c e d w o r k e r s m a y o c c a s i o n a l l y be p a i d a b o v e o r b e lo w the s i n g l e r a t e f o r
s p e c i a l r e a s o n s , but s u c h p a y m e n t s a r e r e g a r d e d a s e x c e p t i o n s .
R a n g e of r a t e p l a n s a r e




56

t h o s e in w h ic h the m i n i m u m a n d / o r m a x i m u m r a t e s p a i d e x p e r i e n c e d w o r k e r s f o r the s a m e
j o b a r e s p e c i f i e d . S p e c i f i c r a t e s of in d iv id u a l w o r k e r s w ithin the r a n g e m a y be d e t e r m i n e d
by m e r i t , len gth o f s e r v i c e , o r a c o m b i n a t io n of v a r i o u s c o n c e p t s of m e r i t and l e n g th o f
serv ice.
In c e n t iv e w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d u n d e r p i e c e w o r k o r b o n u s p l a n s .
P iecew ork is
w o r k f o r w h ich a p r e d e t e r m i n e d r a t e i s p a i d f o r e a c h unit o f output.
Production b on uses
a r e b a s e d on p r o d u c t i o n in e x c e s s o f a q u o ta o r f o r c o m p l e t i o n o f a j o b in l e s s than s t a n d ­
a r d tim e.
T h e i n d u s t r y e m p l o y s a m e t h o d of w a g e p a y m e n t t e r m e d ’’s i d e h o u r , ” w h e r e b y
w o r k e r s a r e p a i d v a r y i n g a m o u n t s d e t e r m i n e d by the n u m b e r o f p o s i t i o n s o r m a c h i n e s ten d e d .
F o r p u r p o s e s o f th is st u d y , w o r k e r s u n d e r th is s y s t e m w e r e c o n s i d e r e d a s " t i m e w o r k e r s , "
i n a s m u c h a s they e a r n a s e t a m o u n t e a c h h o u r a n d c a n n o t i n c r e a s e t h e i r e a r n i n g s th ro u g h
i n c r e a s e d produ ction .
S c h e d u l e d W ee k ly H o u r s
D a t a on w e e k l y h o u r s r e f e r to the p r e d o m i n a n t w o r k s c h e d u l e f o r f u l l - t i m e p r o d u c t i o n
w o r k e r s (o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s ) e m p l o y e d on the d a y sh ift.
S h ift P r o v i s i o n s a n d P r a c t i c e s
S h ift p r o v i s i o n s r e l a t e to the p o l i c i e s o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e i t h e r c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g l a t e
s h i f t s o r h a v in g f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r i n g l a t e sh if t w o rk .
P r a c t i c e s r e l a t e to w o r k e r s
e m p l o y e d on l a t e s h i f t s a t the t im e of the s u r v e y .
S u p p l e m e n t a r y W a ge P r o v i s i o n s
S u p p l e m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s w e r e t r e a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y on the b a s i s th a t i f f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s
w e r e a p p l i c a b l e to h a l f o r m o r e of the p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s (o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s ) in an e s t a b ­
l i s h m e n t , the b e n e f i t s w e r e c o n s i d e r e d a p p l i c a b l e to a l l s u c h w o r k e r s . S i m i l a r l y , i f f e w e r
than h a l f of the w o r k e r s w e r e c o v e r e d , the b e n e f i t w a s c o n s i d e r e d n o n e x i s t e n t in the e s ­
tab lish m e n t.
B e c a u s e o f l e n g t h - o f - s e r v i c e and o t h e r e l i g i b i l i t y r e q u i r e m e n t s , the p r o p o r ­
tion of w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g the b e n e f i t s m a y b e s m a l l e r than e s t i m a t e d .
P aid H o lid ay s.
v i d e d a n n u a lly .

P a i d h o li d a y p r o v i s i o n s r e l a t e to f u l l - d a y a n d h a l f - d a y h o l i d a y s p r o ­

P aid V acatio n s.
T h e s u m m a r i e s of v a c a t i o n p l a n s a r e l i m i t e d to f o r m a l a r r a n g e ­
m e n t s , e x c l u d in g i n f o r m a l p la n s w h e r e b y t im e o f f with p a y i s g r a n t e d a t the d i s c r e t i o n of
the e m p l o y e r o r s u p e r v i s o r .
P a y m e n t s not on a t i m e b a s i s w e r e c o n v e r t e d ; f o r e x a m p l e ,
a p a y m e n t of 2 p e r c e n t of a n n u a l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d the e q u i v a l e n t o f 1 w e e k ' s p a y .
T h e p e r i o d s of s e r v i c e f o r w h ich d a t a a r e p r e s e n t e d w e r e s e l e c t e d a s r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f
the m o s t c o m m o n p r a c t i c e s , but they do not n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t
p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n . F o r e x a m p l e , the c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s i n d ic a t e d a t 10 y e a r s
of s e r v i c e m a y in c lu d e c h a n g e s w h ich o c c u r r e d b e tw e e n 5 a n d 10 y e a r s .
H e a l t h , I n s u r a n c e , a n d R e t i r e m e n t P l a n s . D a t a a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e ,
p e n s i o n , a n d l u m p - s u m r e t i r e m e n t p a y m e n t p l a n s f o r wh ich a l l o r a p a r t o f the c o s t i s
b o r n e by the e m p l o y e r , e x c lu d in g on ly p r o g r a m s r e q u i r e d by la w , s u c h a s w o r k m e n ' s c o m ­
p e n s a t i o n and s o c i a l s e c u r i t y . A m o n g the p l a n s in c lu d e d a r e t h o s e u n d e r w r i t t e n by a c o m ­
m e r c i a l i n s u r a n c e c o m p a n y and t h o s e p a i d d i r e c t l y by the e m p l o y e r f r o m h i s c u r r e n t o p ­
e r a t i n g fun ds o r f r o m a fund s e t a s i d e f o r t h is p u r p o s e .
D e a t h b e n e f i t s a r e in c lu d e d a s a f o r m of lif e i n s u r a n c e . S i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r ­
a n c e i s l i m i t e d to that type of i n s u r a n c e u n d e r w hich p r e d e t e r m i n e d c a s h p a y m e n t s a r e m a d e
d i r e c t l y to the i n s u r e d on a w e e k ly o r m o n th ly b a s i s d u r i n g i l l n e s s o r a c c i d e n t d i s a b i l i t y .
I n f o r m a t i o n i s p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l s u c h p l a n s to w h ich the e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t e s a t l e a s t a
p a r t of the c o s t .
H o w e v e r , in N ew Y o r k and N ew J e r s e y , w h e r e t e m p o r a r y d i s a b i l i t y i n ­
s u r a n c e l a w s r e q u i r e e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t i o n s , 21 p l a n s a r e in c lu d e d on ly if the e m p l o y e r
(1) c o n t r i b u t e s m o r e than i s l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d , o r (2) p r o v i d e s the e m p l o y e e with b e n e f i t s
w h ic h e x c e e d the r e q u i r e m e n t s o f the law .

2* The temporary disability insurance laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions.




57

T a b u l a t i o n s o f p a i d s i c k l e a v e p l a n s a r e l i m i t e d to f o r m a l p l a n s w hich p r o v i d e fu ll
p a y o r a p r o p o r t i o n o f the w o r k e r ' s p a y d u rin g a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e o f i l l n e s s ; i n ­
f o r m a l a r r a n g e m e n t s h a v e b e e n o m it t e d .
S e p a r a t e t a b u l a t io n s a r e p r o v i d e d a c c o r d i n g to
(1) p l a n s w h ich p r o v i d e fu ll p a y an d no w a it in g p e r i o d , an d (2) p l a n s p r o v i d i n g e i t h e r p a r t i a l
p a y o r a w a itin g p e r i o d .
M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p l a n s p r o v i d i n g f o r c o m p l e t e o r p a r t i a l p a y m e n t o f d o c t o r s '
fees.
S u c h p l a n s m a y b e u n d e r w r i t t e n by a c o m m e r i c a l i n s u r a n c e c o m p a n y o r a n o n p r o f i t
o r g a n i z a t i o n , o r they m a y be s e l f - i n s u r e d .
C a t a s t r o p h e i n s u r a n c e , s o m e t i m e s r e f e r r e d to a s e x t e n d e d m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e , i n c l u d e s
p l a n s d e s i g n e d to c o v e r e m p l o y e e s in c a s e of s i c k n e s s o r i n j u r y in v o lv in g an e x p e n s e w h ich
g o e s b e y o n d the n o r m a l c o v e r a g e of h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , m e d i c a l , a n d s u r g i c a l p l a n s .
T a b u l a t i o n s o f r e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n s a r e l i m i t e d to p l a n s w h ic h p r o v i d e r e g u l a r p a y m e n t s
f o r the r e m a i n d e r of the r e t i r e e ' s l i f e .
I n f o r m a t i o n i s a l s o p r e s e n t e d on v a r i o u s t y p e s o f
r e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n p l a n s — a c t u a r i a l a n d a n n u ity type p r o f i t - s h a r i n g p l a n s .
Data a r e p r e ­
s e n t e d s e p a r a t e l y f o r l u m p - s u m r e t i r e m e n t p a y (one p a y m e n t o r s e v e r a l o v e r a s p e c i f i e d
p e r i o d of tim e ) m a d e to e m p l o y e e s on r e t i r e m e n t .
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g both l u m p ­
s u m p a y m e n t s a n d p e n s i o n s to e m p l o y e e s on r e t i r e m e n t w e r e c o n s i d e r e d a s h a v in g both
r e t ir e m e n t p en sion and lu m p - su m re t ir e m e n t pay.
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a vin g o p t io n a l p l a n s
p r o v i d i n g e m p l o y e e s a c h o i c e of e i t h e r l u m p - s u m r e t i r e m e n t p a y m e n t s o r p e n s i o n s w e r e
c o n s i d e r e d a s h a v in g only r e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n b e n e f i t s .
P ro fit-Sh arin g P la n s .
D a t a a r e p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e l y f o r f o u r p la n c a t e g o r i e s b a s e d
on p r o v i s i o n s f o r d i s t r i b u t i n g p r o f i t s h a r e s to p a r t i c i p a t i n g e m p l o y e e s :
C urrent d istrib u ­
tio n p l a n s , d e f e r r e d d i s t r i b u t i o n p l a n s , c u r r e n t and d e f e r r e d p l a n s , a n d e l e c t i v e d i s t r i ­
bu tion p l a n s .




Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions
T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e of p r e p a r i n g jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s
f o r the B u r e a u ' s w a g e s u r v e y s i s to a s s i s t i t s f i e l d s t a f f
in c l a s s i f y i n g into a p p r o p r i a t e o c c u p a t i o n s w o r k e r s who a r e
e m p l o y e d u n d e r a v a r i e t y of p a y r o l l t i t l e s an d d i f f e r e n t
w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s f r o m e s t a b l i s h m e n t to e s t a b l i s h m e n t
an d f r o m a r e a to a r e a . T h i s p e r m i t s the g r o u p in g of o c ­
c u p a t i o n a l w a g e r a t e s r e p r e s e n t i n g c o m p a r a b l e jo b content.
B e c a u s e of t h i s e m p h a s i s on i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t an d i n t e r ­
a r e a c o m p a r a b i l i t y of o c c u p a t i o n a l co n ten t, the B u r e a u ' s
jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s m a y d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t l y f r o m t h o s e in u s e
in i n d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s or t h o s e p r e p a r e d f o r other
p u r p o s e s . In a p p ly in g t h e s e jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s , the B u r e a u ' s
f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s a r e i n s t r u c t e d to e x c l u d e w o r k in g s u p e r ­
v i s o r s , a p p r e n tic e s , l e a r n e r s , b e g in n e rs, t r a i n e e s , h an di­
c a p p e d , p a r t - t i m e , t e m p o r a r y , and p r o b a t i o n a r y w o r k e r s .

P rodu ction Jo b s
B A T T E R Y H AND
T r a n s f e r s o r l o a d s q u i l l s or b o b b in s of f i l l i n g to the b a t t e r y o r lo a d i n g h o p p e r of
autom atic lo o m s.
M a y co n v e y f il l i n g to l o o m s b y m e a n s of a h a n d t r u c k .
CARD G R IN D E R
G r i n d s and s h a r p e n s the fin e w i r e te e t h on c y l i n d e r s of c a r d i n g m a c h i n e s in a t e x t i l e
m i l l . W ork i n v o l v e s : A tt a c h in g e m e r y - c o v e r e d g r i n d i n g r o l l e r s to the c a r d i n g m a c h i n e so
that they w i l l be in c o n t a c t w ith the te e th on the c y l i n d e r s ; or r e m o v i n g the c a r d i n g c y l i n d e r s
and g r i n d i n g t h e m on a s p e c i a l c a r d g r i n d i n g m a c h in e . T h i s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s not in c lu d e
c a r d g r i n d e r s ' h e l p e r s an d b o s s c a r d g r i n d e r s .
CARD T E N D E R
( B a c k t e n d e r , c a r d ; B r a m w e l l - f e e d e r t e n d e r ; c a r d f e e d e r ; c a r d han d; c a r d - h o p p e r f e e d e r ;
c a r d o p e r a t o r ; c a r d - t e n d e r f i n i s h e r ; f i r s t (and s e c o n d ) b r e a k e r c a r d t e n d e r ; n u b - c a r d
t e n d e r ; w a s t e - c a r d te n d e r)
T e n d s the o p e r a t i o n of one or m o r e c a r d i n g m a c h i n e s th at p r e p a r e an d c a r d co tto n
o r oth e r f i b e r s f o r f u r t h e r p r o c e s s i n g by c l e a n i n g and op en in g out the f i b e r s , a r r a n g i n g t h e m
p a r a l l e l , a n d t r a n s f o r m i n g t h e m into a r o p e - l i k e u n t w is t e d s t r a n d .
W ork i n v o l v e s : F e e d i n g
s t o c k into m a c h i n e e i t h e r by p o s i t i o n i n g r o l l of l a p on m a c h in e and m a t t i n g (p in ch in g t o g e t h e r )
e n d s of new l a p onto e n d s of l a p f r o m e x h a u s t e d r o l l o r b y k e e p i n g f e e d h o p p e r s u p p l i e d
with l o o s e f i b e r s ; d o ffin g s t o c k d e l i v e r e d b y the m a c h i n e by r e m o v i n g f i l l e d c a n s o r s p o o l s
and r e p l a c i n g t h e m with e m p t y c a n s or s p o o l s . M a y do c a r d s t r i p p i n g ( r e m o v i n g f i b e r s , d u st ,
o r lint f r o m the c a r d i n g and d o ffin g d r u m ).
C A R P E N T E R , M A IN TEN AN CE
P e r f o r m s the c a r p e n t r y d u t i e s n e c e s s a r y to c o n s t r u c t an d m a i n t a i n in go o d r e p a i r
b u ild in g w o o d w o r k an d e q u i p m e n t s u c h a s b i n s , c r i b s , c o u n t e r s , b e n c h e s , p a r t i t i o n s , d o o r s ,
f l o o r s , s t a i r s , c a s i n g s , an d t r i m m a d e of w o o d in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t .
W ork i n v o l v e s m o s t
of the f o l l o w i n g : P l a n n i n g an d l a y in g out of w o r k f r o m b l u e p r i n t s , d r a w i n g s , m o d e l s , or




58

59

C A R P E N T E R , M A I N T E N A N C E — C o n tin u ed
v e r b a l i n s t r u c t i o n s ; u s i n g a v a r i e t y of c a r p e n t e r ’ s h a n d t o o ls , p o r t a b l e p o w e r t o o l s , and
s t a n d a r d m e a s u r i n g i n s t r u m e n t s ; m a k i n g s t a n d a r d sh o p c o m p u t a t i o n s r e l a t i n g to d i m e n s i o n s
of w o r k ; s e l e c t i n g m a t e r i a l s n e c e s s a r y f o r the w o rk . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k of the m a i n t e n a n c e
c a r p e n t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a i n i n g an d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a l l y a c q u i r e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n ­
t i c e s h i p or e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e .
COMBER TEND ER
T e n d s the o p e r a t i o n of a m a c h i n e that c o m b s out s h o r t f i b e r s , r e m o v e s d i r t , and
d e l i v e r s lo n g f i b e r s in a s l i v e r w h ic h i s c o i l e d in a c a n p r e p a r a t o r y to the d r a w i n g p r o c e s s .
W ork i n v o l v e s : L a y i n g l a p on p a i r of f l u t e d r o l l e r s ; s t a r t i n g new l a p f e e d i n g t h r o u g h m a c h i n e
by p in ch in g end of new l a p onto end of l a p f r o m e x h a u s t e d r o l l o r b a l l s ; t h r e a d i n g l a p b e ­
tw e en c o m b i n g and d r a w i n g r o l l e r s , th ro u g h g a t h e r i n g e y e s , an d t h r o u g h c o i l e r h e a d into can ;
r e p l a c i n g f u ll c a n s with e m p t y c a n s .
D O FF E R , SPIN N IN G -FR A M E
R e m o v e s f u ll b o b b in s of y a r n f r o m s p i n d l e s of r i n g o r c a p sp in n in g f r a m e , r e p l a c e s
w ith e m p t y c a n s, and s t a r t s y a r n on e m p t y b o b b in s . M a y h e lp p i e c e - u p b r o k e n e n d s of y a r n .
D R A W IN G -FR A M E T E N D E R
( D r a w e r ; d r a w e r and d o u b l e r ; d r a w i n g - f r a m e t e n d e r ,
d raw in g ten d e r; f ly - d r a w in g - fr a m e tender)

first;

d raw in g-m ach in e o p e ra to r ;

O p e r a t e s a d r a w i n g f r a m e th at c o m b i n e s s e v e r a l s t r a n d s of s l i v e r into one s t r a n d ,
the w e ig h t of w h ic h i s a p p r o x i m a t e l y the s a m e a s a n y one
of the o r i g i n a l s t r a n d s . P r e p a r e s
m a c h i n e f o r o p e r a t i o n b y m o v in g c a n s of c a r d o r c o m b e r s l i v e r
to p l a c e beh in d f r a m e , and
b y p a s s i n g s t r a n d s of s l i v e r t h r o u g h g u i d e s , r e v o l v i n g r o l l e r s , f u n n el-lik e c o n d e n s e r s , c o il i n g
h e a d , a n d into a r e v o l v i n g can. O p e r a t e s m a c h i n e by c o n t r o l l i n g s p e e d of r o l l e r s with l e v e r .
R e p a i r s b r e a k s in s l i v e r b y t w i s t i n g b r o k e n e n d s t o g e t h e r
b y hand. M a y r e p l a c e c a n s , c l e a n
r o l l e r s , and oil m a c h i n e .

D R A W IN G -IN M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R
( D r a w e r ; d r a w e r - i n , m a c h i n e ; w a r p d r a w e r - i n , m a c h in e )
O p e r a t e s a m a c h i n e that a u t o m a t i c a l l y d r a w s end of w a r p f r o m a f i l l e d w a r p b e a m
t h r o u g h h e d d le e y e s of e m p t y h a r n e s s , d e n t s in r e e d , a n d e y e s of d r o p w i r e s , thus a c c o m ­
p l i s h i n g m e c h a n i c a l l y the s a m e w o r k that i s done by d r a w e r - i n , h a n d: L a y s w a r p in s h e e t
on m a c h i n e ; m a n i p u l a t e s l e v e r s , c a u s i n g m a c h i n e to p ic k out t h r e a d s and d r a w t h r o u g h the
h e d d le s .
E L E C T R IC IA N , M A IN TEN A N CE
P e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y of e l e c t r i c a l t r a d e fu n c t io n s in the i n s t a l l a t i o n , m a i n t e n a n c e , o r
r e p a i r of e q u i p m e n t f o r the g e n e r a t i n g , d i s t r i b u t i o n , a n d / o r u t i l i z a t i o n of e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in
an e s t a b l i s h m e n t .
W ork i n v o l v e s m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : I n s t a l l i n g o r r e p a i r i n g a n y of a
v a r i e t y of e l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t s u c h a s g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s f o r m e r s , s w i t c h b o a r d s , c o n t r o l l e r s ,
c i r c u i t b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , h e a ti n g u n i t s , co nd uit s y s t e m s , o r o t h e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u i p m e n t ;
w o r k in g f r o m b l u e p r i n t s , d r a w i n g s , l a y -o u t, o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; l o c a t i n g an d d i a g n o s i n g
t r o u b l e in the e l e c t r i c a l s y s t e m o r e q u i p m e n t ; w o r k in g s t a n d a r d c o m p u t a t i o n s r e l a t i n g to l o a d
r e q u i r e m e n t s of w i r i n g o r e l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t ; u s i n g a v a r i e t y of e l e c t r i c i a n ’ s h a n d t o o ls
and m e a s u r i n g an d t e s t i n g i n s t r u m e n t s . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k of the m a i n t e n a n c e e l e c t r i c i a n
r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a i n i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e u s u a l l y a c q u i r e d t h ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p
o r e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g and e x p e r i e n c e .




60
I N S P E C T O R , C L O T H , M A C H IN E
O p e r a t e s an e x a m i n i n g ( t r i m m i n g and i n s p e c t in g ) m a c h i n e to i n s p e c t g r e y , dyed, oi
f i n i s h e d clo th f o r d e f e c t s a n d i m p e r f e c t p r o c e s s i n g .
W ork i n v o l v e s m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g :
M oun tin g r o l l of clo th on m a c h i n e , and t h r e a d i n g clo th o v e r r o l l e r s an d i n s p e c t i o n b o a r d to
t a k e up b e a m ; p r e s s i n g b utton o r p e d a l to s t a r t w in d in g of clo th on b e a m ; w a t c h in g clo th
c l o s e l y and f e e l i n g it w ith h a n d s f o r f l a w s , i m p e r f e c t i o n s , o r i r r e g u l a r i t y of c o l o r ; st o p p in g
m a c h i n e and m a r k i n g o r i n d ic a t i n g the l o c a t i o n of d e f e c t s w ith c h a lk o r t h r e a d or by a t ta c h i n g
s t i c k e r s ; u s i n g h a n d t o o ls (b u r l i n g i r o n , s c i s s o r s , w e a v e r ' s c o m b ) to r e m o v e s u c h d e f e c t s a s
k n o t s , s l u b s , an d p r o m i n e n t t h r e a d s , o r to s p r e a d the y a r n o v e r thin p l a c e s ; g r a d i n g a n d / o r
m e a s u r i n g cloth ; m a i n t a i n i n g r e c o r d of y a r d a g e and n u m b e r of d e f e c t s .
JA N ITO R
(C lean er; p o rte r ; sw eep er; charw om an; ja n itr e ss )
C l e a n s an d k e e p s in a n o r d e r l y c o n d itio n f a c t o r y w o r k in g a r e a s a n d w a s h r o o m s , or
p r e m i s e s of an o f f i c e , a p a r t m e n t h o u s e , o r c o m m e r c i a l o r o th e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t . D u t i e s in v o lv e
a c o m b i n a t io n of the f o l l o w i n g : S w e e p in g , m o p p in g , a n d / o r s c r u b b i n g an d p o l i s h i n g f l o o r s ;
r e m o v i n g c h i p s , t r a s h , and o t h e r r e f u s e ; d u s t i n g e q u ip m e n t , f u r n i t u r e , o r f i x t u r e s ; p o l i s h i n g
m e t a l f i x t u r e s or t r i m m i n g s ; p r o v i d i n g s u p p l i e s an d m i n o r m a i n t e n a n c e s e r v i c e s ; c l e a n i n g
l a v a t o r i e s , s h o w e r s , an d r e s t r o o m s . W o r k e r s who s p e c i a l i z e in window w a s h i n g a r e e x c l u d e d .
LOOM F I X E R
P r e p a r e s l o o m s f o r o p e r a t i o n and k e e p s l o o m s in an a s s i g n e d s e c t i o n of the w e a v e
r o o m in go o d w o r k i n g co n d ition . W ork i n v o l v e s m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : I n s p e c t in g and e x a m i n i n g
l o o m s to s e e th a t th e y a r e o p e r a t i n g p r o p e r l y ; a d j u s t i n g o r f ix in g v a r i o u s p a r t s of l o o m s ;
d i s m a n t l i n g o r p a r t i a l l y d i s m a n t l i n g l o o m to m a k e n e c e s s a r y r e p a i r s , a d j u s t m e n t s , o r r e p l a c e ­
m e n t s of p a r t s ; r e a s s e m b l i n g l o o m ; c h a n g in g c a m s an d g e a r s ; i n s t a l l i n g o r s e t t i n g h a r n e s s and
r e e d s in p o s i t i o n ; c h a n g in g b e a m s ; cu ttin g and r e m o v i n g clo th f r o m l o o m ; u s i n g a v a r i e t y
of h a n d t o o ls .
M a y h a v e s u p e r v i s o r y o r i n s p e c t o r a l d u t ie s o v e r w e a v e r s a n d t h e ir w o rk .
W o r k e r s who s p e c i a l i z e in r e p a i r i n g u n ifil a t t a c h m e n t s on l o o m s a r e e x c l u d e d .
F o r w a g e st u d y p u r p o s e s ,
Loom fix e r,
Loom fix e r,
Loom fix e r,

lo o m f i x e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d by ty p e o f l o o m ,

as

follow s:

box loom s
Ja c q u a r d loom s
p l a i n and do b b y l o o m s

M A C H IN I S T , M A I N T E N A N C E
P r o d u c e s r e p l a c e m e n t p a r t s and new p a r t s in m a k i n g r e p a i r s of m e t a l p a r t s of
m e c h a n i c a l e q u i p m e n t o p e r a t e d in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t .
W ork i n v o l v e s m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g :
I n t e r p r e t i n g w r i t t e n i n s t r u c t i o n s an d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; p la n n in g and l a y i n g out of w o r k ; u s i n g a
v a r i e t y of m a c h i n i s t ' s h a n d t o o ls and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g i n s t r u m e n t s ; s e t t i n g up an d o p e r a t i n g
s t a n d a r d m a c h i n e t o o l s ; s h a p i n g of m e t a l p a r t s to c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; m a k i n g s t a n d a r d sh o p
c o m p u t a t i o n s r e l a t i n g to d i m e n s i o n s of w o r k , t o o l i n g , f e e d s , and s p e e d of m a c h in i n g ; , k n o w l ­
e d g e of the w o r k i n g p r o p e r t i e s of the c o m m o n m e t a l s ; s e l e c t i n g s t a n d a r d m a t e r i a l s , p a r t s ,
and e q u i p m e n t r e q u i r e d f o r h i s w o r k ; and fit t in g a n d a s s e m b l i n g p a r t s into m e c h a n i c a l
e q u ip m e n t .
In . g e n e r a l , the m a c h i n i s t ' s w o r k n o r m a l l y r e q u i r e s a r o u n d e d t r a i n i n g in
m a c h i n e - s h o p p r a c t i c e u s u a l l y a c q u i r e d t h ro u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p o r e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g
and e x p e r i e n c e .
SLASH ER TENDER
T e n d s the o p e r a t i o n of a m a c h i n e that c o m b i n e s the w a r p y a r n of a n u m b e r of s e c t i o n
b e a m s onto a s i n g l e l o o m b e a m and c o a t s t h r e a d s of w a r p y a r n w ith a s i z i n g s o lu t io n to
g iv e the y a r n s t r e n g t h an d to m a k e the f i b e r s a d h e r e c l o s e l y .
W o rk i n v o l v e s m o s t of the
f o l l o w i n g : P o s i t i o n i n g s e c t i o n b e a m s of w a r p y a r n in c r e e l ; d r a w i n g w a r p t h r o u g h s l a s h e r
b y ty in g e n d s f r o m new s e c t i o n b e a m s to e n d s f r o m e x h a u s t e d b e a m s , o r b y t h r e a d i n g w a r p
th ro u g h s t a r c h pot, a r o u n d h e a t e d c y l i n d e r s , an d onto l o o m b e a m ; o b s e r v i n g y a r n d u r i n g the
p r o c e s s to a s c e r t a i n that y a r n i s p r o p e r l y s i z e d ; p i e c i n g - u p b r o k e n e n d s by t w i s t i n g or ty in g
the two e n d s t o g e t h e r ; d o ffin g f u ll l o o m b e a m s and r e p l a c i n g s e c t i o n b e a m s ; a n d w a s h i n g and
c l e a n i n g the r o l l e r s and s i z e box.




61
SLU BB ER TENDER
T e n d s the o p e r a t i o n of a st u b b in g m a c h i n e th at t r a n s f o r m s s l i v e r into r o v i n g by
d r a w i n g o r thinning and i m p a r t i n g a s l i g h t t w i s t to the s t r a n d of r o v in g . W ork i n v o l v e s m o s t
of the f o l l o w i n g : P o s i t i o n i n g fu ll c a n s of s l i v e r a t b a c k of m a c h i n e ; p i e c i n g t o g e t h e r b r o k e n
e n d s ; p in c h in g e n d s of new s l i v e r to end of old s l i v e r ; r e m o v i n g f i l l e d b o b b i n s of r o v i n g f r o m
s p i n d l e s an d r e p l a c i n g w ith e m p t y b o b b i n s ; s t a r t i n g r o v i n g on new b o b b i n s ; an d c l e a n i n g
m a c h i n e b y b r u s h i n g o r w ip in g lin t f r o m m a c h i n e s u r f a c e s .
F o r w age study p u r p o s e s ,

slu b b er te n d e rs a r e c l a s s if i e d a s follow s:

Slubber ten der, sta n d a rd
S l u b b e r t e n d e r , lon g d r a f t
SPIN N ER ,

R IN G -FRA M E

T e n d s the o p e r a t i o n of one o r m o r e s i d e s of r i n g - o r c a p - f r a m e - s p i n n i n g m a c h i n e s
w h ic h s p i n y a r n or t h r e a d f r o m r o v i n g b y d r a w i n g out s t r a n d of r o v i n g to p r o p e r s i z e , t w i s t i n g
it, a n d win din g it on a b o b b in o r cop. W ork i n v o l v e s : P l a c i n g f u ll b o b b i n s of r o v i n g on s p i n d l e s
o r p in s of c r e e l ; t h r e a d i n g y a r n t h r o u g h the v a r i o u s g u i d e s an d s t a r t i n g it on a w in d in g
bobb in, p i e c i n g - u p b r o k e n e n d s b y p in c h in g o r t w i s t i n g the two e n d s t o g e t h e r ; an d c l e a n i n g
r o l l e r s and w ip in g off o th e r p a r t s of sp in n in g f r a m e .
T R U C K E R , HAND (I N C L U D IN G B O B B I N BO Y )
P u s h e s o r p u l l s h a n d t r u c k s , c a r s , o r w h e e l b a r r o w s u s e d f o r t r a n s p o r t i n g g o o d s and
m a t e r i a l s of a l l k in d s ab ou t a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u f a c t u r i n g p la n t , o r o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t , and
u s u a l l y l o a d s o r u n l o a d s h a n d t r u c k s o r w h e e l b a r r o w s . M a y s t a c k m a t e r i a l s in s t o r a g e b i n s ,
e t c . , and m a y k e e p r e c o r d s of m a t e r i a l s m o v e d .
TW ISTER T E N D E R , R IN G -F R A M E
(T w ister ten der; 5 -B tw ister;

10-B tw ister)

T e n d s the o p e r a t i o n of one o r m o r e s i d e s of f r a m e - t w i s t i n g m a c h i n e s ( r in g t w i s t e r s )
w h ic h t w i s t two or m o r e s e p a r a t e e n d s , m a k i n g e i t h e r a p ly y a r n o r a c a b l e y a r n , o r f o r
i n s e r t i n g a d d it i o n a l t w i s t in a s i n g l e end.
W ork i n v o l v e s m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : P l a c i n g
b o b b i n s of y a r n on c r e e l or r a c k a t top of m a c h i n e ; t h r e a d i n g y a r n d o w n w a rd t h r o u g h the
v a r i o u s g u i d e s ; p i e c i n g - u p b r o k e n e n d s b y t w i s t i n g o r ty in g the two e n d s t o g e t h e r ; r e m o v i n g
f i l l e d s p o o l s o r b o b b i n s of t w i s t e d y a r n f r o m s p i n d l e s of m a c h i n e an d r e p l a c i n g t h e m w ith
e m p t y o n e s ; an d c l e a n i n g m a c h i n e b y b r u s h i n g or w ip in g lin t f r o m m a c h i n e s u r f a c e s .
TY IN G -IN M A CH IN E O P E R A T O R
(K n o t t i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r , p o r t a b l e ; k n o t- t y in g o p e r a t o r ; p o w e r - t y i n g - m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r ;
t i e - i n m a n ; w a r p - t y i n g - m a c h i n e t e n d e r ; w a r p - t y i n g - m a c h i n e k n o tt e r)
A r r a n g e s a n d c l a m p s w a r p t h r e a d in t y i n g - i n m a c h i n e th a t t i e s the e n d s of w a r p
f r o m a f u l l - l o o m b e a m to e n d s of w a r p f r o m an e x h a u s t e d l o o m b e a m .
T u rn s hand c ran k
th at o p e r a t e s a s e l e c t i n g d e v i c e th a t p i c k s off the end t h r e a d s of the top a n d b o t t o m s e t an d
p l a c e s t h e m in p o s i t i o n f o r an a u t o m a t i c t i e r .
T i e s b y han d p a i r s of t h r e a d not t i e d b y
m a c h in e .
W ARPER TEN D ER
O p e r a t e s a m a c h i n e that d r a w s y a r n f r o m m a n y in d iv id u a l p a c k a g e s ( c o n e s , t u b e s ,
o r c h e e s e s ) a n d w i n d s the s t r a n d s p a r a l l e l onto s e c t i o n b e a m s to f o r m the w a r p .
W ork
i n v o l v e s m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : T h r e a d i n g the e n d s of i n d iv id u a l s t r a n d s of y a r n f r o m h u n d r e d s
of p a c k a g e s ( c o n e s , t u b e s , or c h e e s e s ) t h r o u g h g u i d e s , d r o p w i r e s , a n d c o m b of m a c h i n e ;
f o llo w in g d i r e c t i o n s of a d r a w i n g to o b t a in a p r e s c r i b e d a r r a n g e m e n t ; f a s t e n i n g the e n d s of
a l l of the s t r a n d s to a l a r g e b e a m m o u n t e d in the m a c h i n e ; o p e r a t i n g the p o w e r e d w in d in g
m e c h a n i s m to d r a w the y a r n f r o m the p a c k a g e s and w in d it on the s e c t i o n b e a m ; a n d p i e c i n g - u p
b r o k e n e n d s of y a r n b y t w i s t i n g o r ty in g the e n d s t o g e t h e r .




62

W A R P E R T E N D E R — C o n tin u ed
F o r w age study p u r p o s e s ,

w a r p e r s a r e c la s s if ie d a s follow s:

W a r p e r t e n d e r , h igh s p e e d (300 y a r d s p e r m in u t e and o v e r)
W a r p e r t e n d e r , slo w s p e e d (u nd er 300 y a r d s p e r m in u te)
W EAVER
(P lain loom w e a v e r ; box loom
J a c q u a r d lo o m w e av e r)

w eaver;

au tom atic

loom

w eaver;

dobby

loom w e a v e r ;

T e n d s the o p e r a t i o n of one o r m o r e l o o m s to p r o d u c e w o v e n cloth. W ork i n v o l v e s :
P i e c i n g - u p b r o k e n w a r p t h r e a d s by t w i s t i n g or ty in g t o g e t h e r the two e n d s , d r a w i n g the y a r n
t h ro u g h the h a r n e s s , r e e d , a n d / o r d r o p w i r e s w hen n e c e s s a r y ; r e p l a c i n g e m p t y b o b b i n s in
s h u ttle w ith fu ll o n e s , if l o o m i s not a u t o m a t i c in th is r e s p e c t ; i n s p e c t i n g p r o d u c t a s it i s
w o v e n f o r i m p e r f e c t i o n s and st o p p in g l o o m and r e m o v i n g i m p e r f e c t i o n s w hen th e y o c c u r .
F o r w a g e s t u d y p u r p o s e s , w e a v e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d by ty pe of l o o m o p e r a t e d a s f o l l o w s :
W eaver, box loom
( B o x w e a v e r ; C. an d K . c a m b o x l o o m w e a v e r )
T e n d s the o p e r a t i o n of one o r m o r e c a m d r i v e n l o o m s f it t e d with a b o x m o t i o n
s o that s e v e r a l s h u t t l e s of d i f f e r e n t c o l o r s or t w i s t s of f i l l i n g m a y be u s e d .
Th e
l o o m m a y h a v e two, f o u r , o r s i x b o x e s on one s i d e of the l a y , known a s 2 x 1,
4 x 1 , an d 6 x 1 l o o m s , o r t h e r e m a y be an e q u a l n u m b e r of b o x e s on e a c h s i d e
of the l a y known a s 2 x 2, 4 x 4 , an d 6 x 6 l o o m s . T h e b o x m o t i o n on t h e s e l o o m s
c a n be a d j u s t e d to w e a v e p la i n f a b r i c s . T h i s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n i n c l u d e s a l l w e a v e r s on
c a m b o x l o o m s , i r r e s p e c t i v e of the ty pe of f a b r i c w o ven .
W e a v e r , do b b y l o o m
(D obby w e a v e r ; D r a p e r do b b y w e a v e r ; b o x dobby w e a v e r )
T e n d s the o p e r a t i o n of one or m o r e l o o m s , w h ich a r e e q u ip p e d w ith a dobby
a t t a c h m e n t f o r c o n t r o l l i n g a s m a n y a s 25 h a r n e s s e s in the w e a v i n g of f i g u r e d f a b r i c s .
T h e a c t i o n of the dob b y i s g o v e r n e d by an e n d l e s s ch a in of w o o d e n b a r s s e t w ith
s m a l l i r o n p e g s a c c o r d i n g to the p a t t e r n . T h i s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a l s o i n c l u d e s w e a v e r s
on b o x do bby l o o m s w h ic h a r e e q u i p p e d with a b o x m o t i o n m e c h a n i s m d e s i g n e d to
w e a v e clo th r e q u i r i n g m u l t i p l e c o l o r s or t w i s t s of f illin g .
W eaver, J a c q u a r d loom
(D ra p e r J a c q u a r d w e a v e r ; box J a c q u a r d w e a v e r ; fan cy lo o m w e av er)
T e n d s the o p e r a t i o n of one or m o r e l o o m s e q u ip p e d w ith a J a c q u a r d m e c h a n i s m
b y m e a n s of w h ic h a l a r g e n u m b e r of e n d s in the w a r p m a y be c o n t r o l l e d i n d e p e n d ­
e n tly to w e a v e i n t r i c a t e p a t t e r n s in the f a b r i c .
T h e r a i s i n g of the w a r p y a r n to
f o r m the s h e d o r p a s s a g e w a y t h r o u g h w h ic h the sh u ttle t r a v e l s i s g o v e r n e d b y an
e n d l e s s c h a in of c a r d s , p u n ch e d a c c o r d i n g to the d e s i r e d p a t t e r n . T h i s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n
a l s o i n c l u d e s w e a v e r s on b o x J a c q u a r d l o o m s w h ich a r e e q u ip p e d w ith a b o x m o ti o n
m e c h a n i s m d e s i g n e d to w e a v e clo th r e q u i r i n g m u l t i p le c o l o r s o r t w i s t s of fil l i n g .
W eaver, p lain lo o m
( P l a i n w e a v e r ; D r a p e r l o o m w e a v e r ; p la i n a u t o m a t i c w e a v e r )
T e n d s the o p e r a t i o n of one o r m o r e p l a i n l o o m s w h ic h a r e e q u i p p e d w ith c a m s
to a l t e r n a t e l y r a i s e o r l o w e r f r o m two to f o u r h a r n e s s e s a n d , o c c a s i o n a l l y , up to
seven h a rn e sse s.
T h e s e l o o m s a r e e q u ip p e d w ith a s i n g l e sh u t t le an d w e a v e p la i n
fab rics.




63

W IN D E R , Y A R N , A U T O M A T I C M A C H IN E S
T e n d s the o p e r a t i o n of a s e c t i o n o r an e n t i r e a u t o m a t i c m a c h i n e u s e d to w in d y a r n
f r o m one f o r m to a n o th e r f o r s h ip m e n t , o r to f a c i l i t a t e h a n d lin g in l a t e r p r o c e s s i n g .
One
o r m o r e of the f o llo w in g s t e p s , w h ic h a r e m a n u a l l y p e r f o r m e d on n o n a u t o m a t i c w i n d e r s , a r e
a c c o m p l i s h e d a u t o m a t i c a l l y on t h e s e m a c h i n e s : T y i n g in e n d s of y a r n ; r e m o v i n g f u l l b o b b i n s ;
p l a c i n g e m p t y b o b b i n s or c o n e s on s p i n d le h e a d s ; and p i e c i n g - u p b r o k e n e n d s .
F o r w a g e st u d y p u r p o s e s , w i n d e r s on a u t o m a t i c m a c h i n e s a r e c l a s s i f i e d a s f o l l o w s :
W in d e r,

autom atic sp o o ler (B a r b e r - C o le m a n ,

W in d e r ,

cone

an d tub e ,

e t c .) (W inds in c h e e s e f o r m )

a u t o m a t i c (A bbot A u t o m a t i c

T u b e an d C one W in d e r,

e t c .)

W in d e r, f i l l i n g , a u t o m a t i c (A bbot A u t o m a t i c Q u i l l e r , B a r b e r - C o l e m a n A u t o m a t i c
Q u i l l e r , W h i t in - S c h w e it e r A u t o m a t i c F i l l i n g B o b b in W in d e r, H a c o b a ( S w i s s ) A u t o ­
m a t i c F i l l i n g W in d e r, etc .)
W IN D E R , Y A R N , N O N A U T O M A T IC M A C H IN E S
(W in d er; r e w i n d e r ; r e e l e r ; q u i l l e r ; s p o o l e r ; t u b e r)
T e n d s the o p e r a t i o n of one o r m o r e of the v a r i o u s t y p e s of m a c h i n e s u s e d to w in d
y a r n f r o m one f o r m to a n o th e r f o r s h ip m e n t , o r to f a c i l i t a t e h a n d lin g in l a t e r p r o c e s s i n g .
W ork i n v o l v e s : P l a c i n g s k e i n s , b o b b i n s , or c o n e s of y a r n on r e e l s or s p i n d l e s of m a c h i n e ;
t h r e a d i n g y a r n t h r o u g h the v a r i o u s g u i d e s ; p i e c i n g - u p b r o k e n e n d s by t w i s t i n g or ty in g the
two e n d s t o g e t h e r ; and r e m o v i n g f u ll w in din g b o b b i n s , c o n e s , t u b e s , o r q u i l l s an d r e p l a c i n g
t h e m w ith e m p t y o n e s .
F o r w a g e s t u d y p u r p o s e s , w i n d e r s on n o n a u t o m a t ic m a c h i n e s a r e c l a s s i f i e d a s f o l l o w s :
W in d e r, cone an d tub e , n o n a u t o m a t ic ( U n i v e r s a l R o t o - C o n e r No. 44, U n i v e r s a l No. 50,
F o s t e r .No. 102, W a lt e r K id d e an d Co. C one W in d e r, a n d a l l o th e r n o n a u t o m a t ic
cone a n d tube w i n d e r s )
W in d e r, f i l l i n g , n o n a u t o m a t ic (a ll n o n a u t o m a t ic w in din g of f i l l i n g on b o b b i n s or q u i l l s
f o r u s e in s h u t t l e s on l o o m s )
W IN D E R , Y A R N , O T H E R
(A ll oth e r w in d in g not r e p o r t e d s e p a r a t e l y ; m a y in c lu d e a u t o m a t i c a s w e l l a s n o n a u t o m a t i c
winding)

O f f ic e J o b s
CLERK, PAYROLL
C o m p u t e s w a g e s of c o m p a n y e m p l o y e e s and e n t e r s the n e c e s s a r y d a t a on the p a y ­
ro ll sh eets.
D u t i e s in v o lv e : C a l c u l a t i n g w o r k e r s * e a r n i n g s b a s e d on t i m e o r p r o d u c t i o n
r e c o r d s ; p o s t i n g c a l c u l a t e d d a t a on p a y r o l l s h e e t , sh o w in g i n f o r m a t i o n s u c h a s w o r k e r * s
n a m e , w o r k in g d a y s , t i m e , r a t e , d e d u c t i o n s f o r i n s u r a n c e , and t o t a l w a g e s due. ■ M a y m a k e
out p a y c h e c k s and a s s i s t p a y m a s t e r in m a k i n g up and d i s t r i b u t i n g p a y e n v e l o p e s .
M ay u se
a c alcu latin g m ach in e.
STENOGRAPH ER, G EN ER A L
P r i m a r y duty i s to t a k e d i c t a t i o n f r o m one or m o r e p e r s o n s e i t h e r in s h o r t h a n d o r
b y S te n o ty p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h i n e in v o lv in g a n o r m a l r o u t in e v o c a b u l a r y , and t r a n s c r i b e
d ic t a t io n .
M a y a l s o ty pe f r o m w r i t t e n copy.
M a y m a i n t a i n f i l e s , k e e p s i m p l e r e c o r d s , or
p e r f o r m oth e r r e l a t i v e l y ro u t i n e c l e r i c a l t a s k s .
M a y o p e r a t e f r o m a s t e n o g r a p h i c pool.
D o e s not in c lu d e t r a n s c r i b i n g - m a c h i n e w o r k .




64
T Y P IST
U s e s a t y p e w r i t e r to m a k e c o p i e s of v a r i o u s m a t e r i a l o r to m a k e out b i l l s a f t e r
c a l c u l a t i o n s h a v e b e e n m a d e b y a n o th e r p e r s o n .
M a y in c lu d e ty p in g of s t e n c i l s , m a t s , o r
s i m i l a r m a t e r i a l s f o r u s e in d u p li c a t i n g p r o c e s s e s .
M a y do c l e r i c a l w o r k in v o lv in g l it t l e
s p e c i a l t r a i n i n g , s u c h a s k e e p i n g s i m p l e r e c o r d s , f il i n g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s , o r s o r t i n g
and d i s t r i b u t i n g i n c o m i n g m a i l .
C l a s s A. P e r f o r m s one or m o r e of the f o l l o w i n g : T y p i n g m a t e r i a l in f in a l f o r m
w h en it i n v o l v e s c o m b i n i n g m a t e r i a l f r o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s o r r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r c o r ­
r e c t s p e l l i n g , s y l l a b i c a t i o n , p u n c tu a tio n , e t c . , of t e c h n i c a l or u n u s u a l w o r d s or
f o r e i g n l a n g u a g e m a t e r i a l ; p la n n in g la y o u t and t y p in g of c o m p l i c a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l t a b l e s
to m a i n t a i n u n i f o r m i t y an d b a l a n c e in s p a c i n g . M a y ty pe r o u t i n e f o r m l e t t e r s v a r y i n g
d e t a i l s to s u i t c i r c u m s t a n c e s .
C la s s B.
P e r f o r m s one o r m o r e of the f o l l o w i n g : C o p y ty p in g f r o m r o u g h or
c l e a r d r a f t s ; r o u t i n e ty p in g of f o r m s , i n s u r a n c e p o l i c i e s , e t c . ; s e t t i n g up s i m p l e
s t a n d a r d t a b u l a t i o n s o r c o p y in g m o r e c o m p l e x t a b l e s a l r e a d y s e t up and s p a c e d
p rop erly.




Industry Wage Studies
T h e m o s t r e c e n t r e p o r t s fo r in d u s tr ie s in c lu d e d in th e B u r e a u 's p r o g r a m
o f in d u s tr y w a g e s u rv e y s s in c e J a n u a r y 1950 a r e lis te d b e lo w . T h o s e fo r w h ic h
a p r i c e is sh o w n a r e a v a ila b le fro m th e S u p e rin te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n ts , U .S .
G o v e rn m e n t P r in tin g O ffic e , W a s h in g to n , D. C . , 2 0 40 2 , o r a n y o f its r e g io n a l
s a le s o ffic e s . T h o s e fo r w h ic h a p r i c e is n o t sh o w n m a y b e o b ta in e d f r e e a s
lon g a s a s u p p ly is a v a ila b le , fro m th e B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta t i s t i c s , W a s h in g to n ,
D . C . , 2 0 21 2 , o r fro m a n y o f th e r e g io n a l o ffic e s sh o w n on th e in s id e b a c k c o v e r.
I. Occupational Wage Studies

M a n u fa c tu rin g
B a s ic Iro n an d S te e l, 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1358 (30 c e n ts ).
C a n d y a n d O th e r C o n fe c tio n e ry P r o d u c t s , I9 6 0 . B L S R e p o rt 195.
^ C an n in g an d F r e e z in g , 1957. B L S R e p o rt 136.
C ig a r M a n u fa c tu rin g , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1436 (30 c e n ts ).
C ig a r e tte M a n u fa c tu rin g , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1472 (20 c e n ts ).
C o tto n T e x tile s , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1410 (40 c e n ts ).
D is tille d L iq u o r s , 1952. S e r ie s 2, N o. 88.
F a b r ic a te d S t r u c tu r a l S te e l, 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1463 (30 c e n ts ).
F e r t i l i z e r M a n u fa c tu rin g , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1362 (40 c e n ts ).
F lo u r a n d O th e r G ra in M ill P r o d u c ts , 1961. B L S B u lle tin 1337 (30 c e n ts ).
F lu id M ilk I n d u s tr y , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1464 (30 c e n ts ).
F o o tw e a r , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1503 (50 c e n ts ).
H o s ie r y , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1456 (45 c e n ts ).
I n d u s tr ia l C h e m ic a ls , 1955. B L S R e p o rt 103.
Iro n an d S te e l F o u n d r ie s , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1386 (40 c e n ts ).
L e a th e r T a n n in g a n d F in is h in g , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1378 (40 c e n ts ).
M a c h in e r y M a n u fa c tu rin g , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1476 (25 c e n ts ).
M e a t P r o d u c ts , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1415 (75 c e n ts ).
M e n ’s an d B o y s ' S h irts (E x c e p t W o rk S h irts ) an d N ig h tw e a r, 1964.
B L S B u lle tin 1457 (40 c e n ts ).
M e n 's an d B o y s ' S u its a n d C o a ts , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1424 (65 c e n ts ).
M is c e lla n e o u s P l a s t i c s P r o d u c t s , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1439 (35 c e n ts ).
M is c e lla n e o u s T e x tile s , 1953. B L S R e p o rt 56.
M o to r V e h ic le s an d M o to r V e h ic le P a r t s , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1393 (45 c e n ts ).
N o n fe rro u s F o u n d r ie s , 1 9 65 . B L S B u lle tin 1498 (40 c e n ts ) .
P a in ts an d V a r n is h e s , 1961. B L S B u lle tin 1318 (30 c e n ts ).
P a p e r b o a r d C o n ta in e r s an d B o x e s , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1478 (70 c e n ts ).
P e tr o le u m R e fin in g , 1959. B L S R e p o rt 158.
P r e s s e d o r B lo w n G la s s a n d G la s s w a r e , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1423 (30 c e n ts ).
^ P r o c e s s e d W a s te , 1957. B L S R e p o rt 124.
P u lp , P a p e r , a n d P a p e r b o a r d M ills , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1341 (40 c e n ts ).
R a d io , T e le v is io n , an d R e la te d P r o d u c t s , 1951. S e r ie s 2, N o. 84.
R a ilr o a d C a r s , 1952. S e r ie s 2, N o. 86.
*R aw S u g a r, 1957. B L S R e p o rt 136.
S o u th e rn S a w m ills a n d P la n in g M ills , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1361 (30 c e n ts ).
S tr u c tu r a l C la y P r o d u c ts , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1459 (45 c e n ts ).
S y n th e tic F i b e r s , 1958. B L S R e p o rt 143.
S y n th e tic T e x tile s , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1414 (35 c e n ts ).
T e x tile D y ein g an d F in is h in g , 1961. B L S B u lle tin 1311 (35 c e n ts ).
^ T o b acc o S te m m in g an d R e d r y in g , 1957. B L S R e p o rt 136.
* Studies of the effects of the $1 minimum wage.




I. Occupational Wage Studies--- Continued

M a n u f a c tu r in g — C o n t inu ed
W e st C o a s t S a w m illin g , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1455 (30 c e n ts ).
W o m e n ’s a n d M is s e s ' C o a ts an d S u its , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1508 (25 c e n ts ).
W o m e n 's an d M is s e s ' D r e s s e s , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1391 (30 c e n ts ).
W ood H o u se h o ld F u r n i t u r e , E x c e p t U p h o ls te re d , 1 9 6 5 . B L S B u lle tin 1496
(40 c e n ts ).
* W ooden C o n ta in e r s , 1957. B L S R e p o rt 126.
W ool T e x tile s , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1372 (45 c e n ts ).
W o rk C lo th in g , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1440 (35 c e n ts ).
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
A u to D e a le r R e p a ir S h o p s, 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1452 (30 c e n ts ).
B a n k in g , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1466 (30 c e n ts ).
B itu m in o u s C o a l M in in g , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1383 (45 c e n ts ).
C o m m u n ic a tio n s , 1964. B L S B u lle tin 1467 (20 c e n ts ).
C o n tr a c t C le a n in g S e r v ic e s , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1507 (30 c e n ts ).
C ru d e P e tr o le u m a n d N a tu r a l G a s P r o d u c tio n , I9 6 0 . B L S R e p o rt 181.
D e p a rtm e n t an d W o m e n 's R e a d y - to - W e a r S to r e s , 1950. S e r ie s 2, N o. 78.
E a tin g a n d D rin k in g P l a c e s , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1400 (40 c e n ts ).
E le c tr ic an d G as U tilitie s . 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1374 (50 c e n ts ).
H o s p ita ls , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1409 (50 c e n ts ).
H o te ls a n d M o te ls , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1406 (40 c e n ts ).
L a u n d r ie s an d C le a n in g S e r v ic e s , 1963. B L S B u lle tin 1401 (50 c e n ts ).
L ife I n s u r a n c e , 1961. B L S B u lle tin 1324 (30 c e n ts ).
N u rs in g H o m e s an d R e la te d F a c i l i t i e s , 1965. B L S B u lle tin 1492 (45 c e n ts ).
II. Other Industry Wage Studies

F a c to r y W o r k e r s ' E a r n in g s — D is tr ib u tio n by S tr a ig h t- T im e H o u rly E a r n in g s ,
1958. B L S B u lle tin 1252 (40 c e n ts ) .'
F a c to r y W o r k e r s ' E a r n in g s — S e le c te d M a n u fa c tu rin g I n d u s tr ie s , 1959.
B L S B u lle tin 1275 (35 c e n ts ).
R e ta il T r a d e :
E m p lo y e e E a rn in g s in R e ta il T r a d e , J u n e 1962 ( O v e r a ll S u m m a ry o f th e
In d u s try ). B L S B u lle tin 1380 (45 c e n ts ).
E m p lo y e e E a rn in g s a t R e ta il B u ild in g M a te r ia ls , H a r d w a r e , an d F a r m
E q u ip m e n t D e a le r s , J u n e 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1 3 8 0 -1 (25 c e n ts ).
E m p lo y e e E a r n in g s in R e ta il G e n e r a l M e rc h a n d is e S to r e s , J u n e 1962.
B L S B u lle tin 1 3 8 0 -2 (45 c e n ts ).
E m p lo y e e E a rn in g s in R e ta il F o o d S to r e s , J u n e 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1 3 8 0 -3
(40 c e n ts ).
E m p lo y e e E a r n in g s a t R e ta il A u to m o tiv e D e a le r s an d in G a s o lin e S e rv ic e
S ta tio n s , J u n e 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1 3 8 0 -4 (40 c e n ts ).
E m p lo y e e E a rn in g s in R e ta il A p p a r e l an d A c c e s s o r y S to r e s , J u n e 1962.
B L S B u lle tin 1 3 8 0 -5 (45 c e n ts ).
E m p lo y e e E a r n in g s in R e ta il F u r n i t u r e , H o m e F u r n is h in g s , an d H o u se h o ld
A p p lia n c e S to r e s , J u n e 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1 3 8 0 -6 (40 c e n ts ).
E m p lo y e e E a rn in g s in M is c e lla n e o u s R e ta il S to r e s , J u n e 1962.
B L S B u lle tin 1 3 8 0 -7 . (40 c e n ts ).
E m p lo y e e E a rn in g s in N o n m e tro p o lita n A r e a s of th e S o u th a n d N o rth C e n tr a l
R e g io n s , 1962. B L S B u lle tin 1416 (40 c e n ts ).
* Studies of the effects of the $1 minimum wage.



☆ U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING O FFICE : 1966 O - 226-054




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