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X
3
•
In d u stry W a g e S u rvey:
C o n tra c t C le a n in g S e rv ic e s
July 1 9 7 4
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
1976
Bulletin 1916
In d u s try W a g e S u rvey:
C o n tra c t C le a n in g S e rv ic e s
Ju ly 1 9 7 4
U.S. Department of Labor
W. J. Usery, Jr., Secretary
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Julius Shiskin, Commissioner
1976
B ulletin 1916
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, GPO Bookstores, or
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Make checks payable to Superintendent of Documents
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Preface
This bulletin summarizes the results of a Bureau of Labor Statistics survey of wages and
supplementary benefits in the contract cleaning services industries in July 1974. A similar
study was conducted in July 1971.
Separate releases were issued earlier for the following areas: Atlanta, Baltimore, Boston,
Chicago, Cleveland, Dallas-Fort Worth, Denver-Boulder, Detroit, Houston, Kansas City, Los
Angeles-Long Beach, Memphis, Miami, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Nassau-Suffolk, Newark, New
Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, St. Louis, San Francisco-0akland, SeattleEverett, and Washington, D.C. Copies of these releases are available from the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, Washington, D.C. 20212, or any of its regional offices.
This study was conducted in the Bureau’s Office of Wages and Industrial Relations.
Sandra L. King of the Division of Occupational Wage Structures prepared the analysis in this
bulletin. Field work for the survey was directed by the Assistant Regional Commissioners for
Labor Statistics.
Material in this publication is in the public domain and may be reproduced without
permission of the Federal Government. Please credit the Bureau of Labor Statistics and cite
the name and number of the publication.
Other reports available from the Bureau’s program of industry wage studies as well as the
addresses of the Bureau’s regional offices are listed at the end of this bulletin.
iii
Contents
Page
Summary ......................................................................................................................................................................................
Industry ch aracteristics.................................................................................................................................................................
Occupational s ta f f in g ..........................................................................................................................................................
Employment tr e n d s .........................................................................................................................................
Size of estab lish m en t..........................................................................................................................................................
Type of service ....................................................................................................................................................................
Type of c u s to m e r.................................................................................................................................................................
Type of structure serviced ................................................................................................................................................
Unionization .......................................................................................................................................................................
Method of wage p a y m e n t....................................................................................................................................................
Weekly hours of w o r k ..........................................................................................................................................................
Average earnings ..........................................................................................................................................................................
Occupational ea rn in g s....................................................................................................................................................................
Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions ..................................................................................................
Late-shift w o r k .........................................................................................................................................
Paid holidays .......................................................................................................................................................................
Paid v acatio n s.....................................................................................
Health, insurance, and retirement p la n s .............................................................................................................................
Other selected benefits .......................................................................................................................................................
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
5
5
6
6
6
6
Text tables:
1. Percent change in employmentof service workers in contract cleaning establishments, 1965-74 ......................... 2
2. Percent change in average earnings and hours of service workers in contract cleaning establishments,
July 1971 to July 1974
3
3. Average hourly earnings of workers in selected occupations in contract cleaning establishments,
July 1974
4
4. Average straight-time hourly earnings of men cleaners in contract cleaning establishments as a percent
of averages for men janitors in BLSarea wage surveys, 19 areas, July 1974 ................................................... 5
Reference tables:
1 . Employment by selected characteristics
.................................................................................................................
2. Average hours and e a rn in g s.............................
7
8
Hourly earnings distribution:
3. All w o rk e rs ................................................. ' ............................................................................................................. 9
4. M e n ..............................................................................................................................................................................11
5. W o m e n .......................................................................................................................................................................... 13
Weekly earnings and hours distribution:
6.
All w o rk e rs ....................................................................................................................................................................15
7. M e n .................................................................................................................................................................................17
8.
W o m e n .......................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Occupational weekly earnings:
9. Selected a r e a s .................................................................................................................................................................21
v
Contents — Continued
Page
Occupational hourly earnings:
10. Atlanta, Ga........................................................................................................................................................................25
11. Baltimore, Md...................................................................................................................................................................26
12. Boston, Mass..................................................................................................................................................................... 27
13. Chicago, 111........................................................................................................................................................................ 28
14. Cleveland, O h i o ..............................................................................................................................................................29
15. Dallas-Fort Worth, T e x .................................................................................................................................................30
16. Denver-Boulder, Colo...................................................................................................................................................... 31
17. Detroit, Mich........................................................................ *....................................................................................... 32
18. Houston, Tex.................................................................................................................................................................... 33
19. Kansas City, Mo.-Kans..................................................................................................................................................... 34
20. Los Angeles-Long Beach, C a lif .....................................................................................................................................35
21. Memphis, Tenn.-Ark.-Miss............................................................................................................................................... 36
22. Miami, Fla.........................................
37
23. Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn.-Wis....................................................................................
38
24. Nassau-Suffolk, N.Y.........................................................................................................................................................39
25. Newark, N.J...................................................................................................................................................................... 40
26. New Orleans, La............................................................................................................................................................... 41
27. New York, N.Y.-N.J.........................................................................................................................................................42
28. Philadelphia, Pa.-N.J........................................................................................................................................................ 43
29. Pittsburgh, Pa....................................................................................................................................................................44
30. St. Louis, Mo.-Ill...............................................................................................................................................................45
31. San Francisco-Oakland, Calif.......................................................................................................................................... 46
32. Seattle-Everett, Wash....................................................................................................................................................... 47
33. Washington, D.C.-Md.-Va................................................................................................................................................ 48
Weekly earnings distribution:
34. Cleaners, heavy, n ig h tw o rk .......................................................................................................................................... 49
35. Cleaners, light, nightw ork..............................................................................................................................................50
36. Window washers ...........................................................................................................................................................51
Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions:
37. Method of wage p a y m e n t............................................................................................................................................. 52
38. Paid h o lid a y s ................................................................................................................................................................. 53
39. Paid v acations.................................................................................................................................................................54
40. Health, insurance, and retirement p la n s ...................................................................................................................... 56
41. Other selected b e n e f i t s .................................................................................................................................................58
Appendixes:
A.
Scope and method of survey ...................................................................................................................................... 59
B.
Occupational descriptions ..........................................................................................................................................62
VI
Contract Cleaning Services, July 1974
Nearly two-thirds of the cleaners generally performed
light tasks, such as sweeping floors, dusting furniture, and
emptying waste baskets; the remainder performed heavy
tasks, including operating heavy motor-driven cleaning
equipment, wet-mopping floors, and washing walls and glass
partitions. Seven-eighths of the cleaners worked at night. In a
number of areas, significant proportions worked less than
20 hours per week. There were indications that many of the
employees were supplementing other incomes, though
specific information of this type was outside the scope of
the survey.
Men constituted nearly two-thirds of the 143,500
workers in the survey. Forty-three percent of the men
performed heavy cleaning tasks and 32 percent had light
cleaning duties; most of the remainder were employed as
exterminators, floor waxers, and window washers. In the 24
areas combined, 92 percent of the women performed light
cleaning tasks.
Summary
Straight-time hourly earnings of service workers in
contract cleaning establishments averaged from $2.22 in
Dallas-Fort Worth to $4.23 in San Francisco-Oakland,
among the 24 areas surveyed in July 1974.1 Earnings
differences among areas resulted from a number of factors,
including variations in the extent of unionization and
differences in types of services rendered.
At the time of the survey, average weekly earnings
ranged from $48 in Dallas-Fort Worth to $145.50 in San
Francisco-Oakland. Area pay relationships based on weekly
earnings were somewhat different from those based on
hourly earnings because of variations in weekly hours of
work. Shorter workweeks in the industry, reflecting its
part-time nature, dampened weekly earnings gains between
July 1971, the date of a similar study,2 and July 1974.
Among the occupations studied separately in July 1974,
window washers generally were highest paid, with hourly
averages ranging from $2.72 to $5.64.3 Four-fifths of the
industry’s work force were cleaners.
Paid holidays and paid vacations were provided for a
majority of the workers in about four-fifths of the 24 areas.
At least part of the cost of life, hospitalization, surgical, or
basic medical insurance was provided to half of the workers
or more in 11 areas. Retirement pension plans were
available for three-fifths of the service workers or more in
10 areas, and for about one-third or less in the other 14
areas studied.
E m p lo ym en t trends. The contract cleaning industries have
provided growing job opportunities throughout the past
decade. Nationally, employment more than doubled from
March 1964 to March 1973, rising from 154,878 to
351,520.4 Slightly less than one-half of the employment in
these industries is accounted for in the 24-area survey
summarized in this report. (Firms having fewer than eight
workers were excluded from the survey.)
Largely because of changes in metropolitan area defini
tions, only nine areas were fully comparable for the 1971
and 1974 surveys. Aggregate employment of service work
ers for these nine areas increased by about 21 percent from
1971 to 1974 compared with 16 percent between 1968 and
1971 and 41 percent between 1965 and 1968.5 The rate of
employment growth within most of the nine areas exhibi
ted wide swings between surveys. (See text table 1.)
Among the 24 areas surveyed in July 1974, service
worker employment ranged from about 2,000 in Kansas
City, Memphis, Nassau-Suffolk, New Orleans, and SeattleEverett to 35,400 in New York. After New York, the three
largest contract cleaning centers studied were Los AngelesLong Beach (11,641), Chicago (8,865), and Washington
(8,697). (See appendix table A-l.)
Industry characteristics
Occupational staffing. Cleaners constituted slightly more
than four-fifths of the industry’s work force in July
1974—117,800 out of 143,500 service workers covered by
the study. Floor waxers, window washers, and extermina
tors each accounted for 5 percent or less of the work force;
other jobs not studied separately made up 8 percent.
* S e e a p p e n d ix A
fo r s c o p e and m e th o d
o f su rv ey . S ervice
w o r k e r s in c lu d e w o r k in g su p erv iso rs an d a ll n o n su p erv iso ry w o rk ers
en g a g ed in n o n o ff ic e fu n c tio n s . E arnings d a ta e x c lu d e p r e m iu m p a y
4 U .S . B u reau o f th e C en su s, County Business Patterns, U.S.
Summary, 1 9 6 4 an d 1 9 7 3 , p p . 1 6 and 2 6 , r e s p e c tiv e ly .
fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s, b u t in clu d e
p rem iu m p a y fo r la te -s h ift an d h a za rd o u s w o r k , if a n y . A verage
h o u r ly earn in gs w e r e o b ta in e d b y d iv id in g aggregate w e e k ly earn in gs
5 U n p u b lis h e d B L S e s tim a te s a lso sh o w a s lo w d o w n in th e rate o f
b y aggregate w e e k ly h o u rs.
e m p lo y m e n t in crea se fo r b u ild in g service w o r k e r s -f r o m 3 0 p e r c e n t
2 S e e Industry Wage Survey: Contract Geaning Services, July
1971, B u lle tin 1 7 7 8 (B u rea u o f L abor S ta tistic s , 1 9 7 3 ) .
b e tw e e n J u ly
3 S e e a p p e n d ix B fo r jo b d e sc r ip tio n s.
1965
a n d J u ly
1968
to
24
p e r c e n t in th e J u ly
1 9 6 8 -J u ly 1 9 7 1 p e r io d - a n d an in crea sed g r o w th rate to 3 0 p e r c e n t
b e tw e e n J u ly 1 9 7 1 an d J u ly 1 9 7 4 .
1
workers in each area, with the proportion reaching 95
percent or more in half the areas. Those chiefly furnishing
window-washing services employed 5 percent or fewer of
the workers in each area. The proportion of workers
employed by contractors primarily providing disinfecting
and exterminating services was one-fifth in Miami, oneseventh in Nassau-Suffolk, one-tenth in Philadelphia, and
less than one-tenth in the other areas. Establishments
engaged primarily in janitorial services generally provided
other specialized work, including window washing and floor
waxing. Disinfecting and exterminating firms and window
cleaning establishments, however, usually were limited to
one type of service.
A number of establishments in the 24 areas provided
secondary services beyond the scope of the wage survey.
These included security service, skilled maintenance of
buildings, food service, trash removal, and grounds-keeping.
T ext table 1. Percent change in employment of service
workers in contract cleaning establishments, 1965-741
Service
Percent change
worker
in employment
employ
ment
July
1965-68 1968-71 1971-74
19742
Area
Total, 9 areas ...........
Northeast:
Philadelphia..................
Pittsburgh ....................
South:
B altim ore.......................
M iami.............................
New O rleans..................
North Central:
Chicago .........................
C leveland.......................
West:
San FranciscoOakland .....................
S eattle-E verett..............
37,160
41
16
21
6,213
2,871
12
73
34
-2 3
43
54
4,038
2,429
2,177
63
31
12
37
16
15
7
56
22
8,865
3,326
67
34
23
3
7
12
5,186
2,055
21
58
5
27
16
32
1 F o r e a rlie r surveys in this series, see
In d u s try
W a ge
T ype o f customer. Private firms or individuals were the
principal source of revenue for cleaning contractors em
ploying at least seven-eighths of the workers in each area. In
Washington, D.C., government agencies were the main
source of revenue for cleaning contractors employing 7
percent of the workers and a secondary source for those
employing 55 percent. In about half the areas surveyed, a
majority of the workers were employed by cleaning
contractors deriving at least some of their revenue from
government agencies. Only a few cleaning contractors,
however, derived their revenue entirely from government
agencies.
S u rv e y :
B LS B u lle tin 1 5 0 7
(1 9 6 6 ) ; J u l y 1 9 6 8 , B LS B u lle tin 1 6 4 4 ( 1 9 6 9 ) ; and J u l y 1 9 7 1 , B LS
B u lle tin 1 7 7 8 (1 9 7 3 ) .
2 F u ll- and p a r t-tim e n o n superviso ry w o rk e rs e m p lo y e d on a
regular basis. Excludes casual w o rk e rs , those e m p lo y e d on a jo b
basis, and o ffic e clerical e m p loyees.
C o n tra c t
C le a n in g
S e r v ic e s ,
S u m m e r
1 9 6 5 ,
Size o f establishment. Nearly four-fifths of the establish
ments within the scope of the 1974 study employed fewer
than 50 workers. In some of the areas, however, a few
establishments employed more than 1,000 workers. Those
having at least 100 workers accounted for about 13 percent
of all firms covered by the study, but employed a majority
of the workers in all areas except Denver-Boulder and
Seattle-Everett. (See table 1.)
T yp e o f service. Cleaning contractors may provide a single
service, such as cleaning windows, disinfecting buildings or
exterminating insects, etc., or they may provide total
maintenance of a facility by supplying workers such as
guards, gardeners, parking lot attendants, and refuse collec
tors, in addition to the cleaning personnel. In recent years,
cleaning contractors, especially the larger firms, have
increasingly been providing total maintenance. In some
cases, these firms have multimillion-dollar operations and
maintain installations in a number of cities.6 However,
most contract cleaning establishments covered by this
survey were local firms employing fewer than 50 workers.
Establishments engaged primarily in providing janitorial
service accounted for at least three-fourths of the service
6
S ervice
In th eir 1 9 7 4 In d u stry M a n a g em en t S u rv ey (p . 3 ) , th e B u ild in g
C o n tr a c to r s
A s s o c ia tio n
In te r n a tio n a l
re p o r te d
th a t
a
m a jo rity o f m em b er c o n tr a c to r s rep ly in g p r o v id e d t o ta l m a in te
n a n c e se rv ices, d e fin e d
as a n y a n d a ll serv ices in v o lv e d in th e
cle a n in g a n d m a in te n a n c e o f b u ild in g s a n d th e ir su rro u n d in g s.
2
T ype o f structure serviced. Contractors primarily engaged
in servicing office buildings accounted for three-fourths of
the workers or more in the 21 areas studied. In the other
three areas, the proportion of workers was about two-fifths
in Nassau-Suffolk, half in Philadelphia, and nearly threefifths in Miami.
Those firms primarily servicing industrial plants or
factories employed between 10 and 15 percent of the
workers in Baltimore, Chicago, Kansas City, NassauSuffolk, and Philadelphia, and less than 10 percent in the
other areas. Contractors primarily servicing institutions,
such as schools, hospitals, and nursing homes, employed 21
percent of the workers in Philadelphia, 12 percent each in
Baltimore and Cleveland, and 7 percent or less in the
others. Those servicing supermarkets and other stores
accounted for 15 percent of the service workers in
Nassau-Suffolk, 11 percent in Miami, 7 percent in San
Francisco, and 5 percent or less in the other 21 areas.
About two-thirds of the service workers were in estab
lishments that rendered their services to two types of
structures or more.
Between the 1971 and 1974 surveys, the average
workweek declined in seven areas, and remained the same
in Chicago and New Orleans among the nine comparable
areas. (See text table 2.) Declines typically ranged from 2
to 5 percent.
T e x t ta b le 2 .
and
worked 35 hours or more, usually 40 to 45 hours.
Men worked more hours than women in 20 areas, the
same hours in one area (Kansas City), and fewer hours in
Baltimore, Chicago, and Cleveland. (See tables 7 and 8.) In
each area, a larger proportion of men than women worked
at least 40 hours per week.
P e r c e n t c h a n g e in a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s
h o u r s o f s e r v ic e w o r k e r s in c o n t r a c t c le a n in g e s t a b
lis h m e n ts , J u ly
1971
to J u ly
1974
Percent change
Area
Northeast:
Philadelphia ...............................
Pittsburgh....................................
South:
B a ltim o re ....................................
M ia m i...........................................
New O rlean s...............................
North Central:
Chicago........................................
Cleveland ....................................
West:
San Francisco-Oakland............
Seattle-E verett..........................
Average
hourly
earnings1
Average
weekly
earnings1
Average
weekly
hours
24.5
18.7
17.8
15.7
-4 .8
-1 .8
20.5
22.0
20.0
16.5
14.7
19.0
-2 .2
-5.1
0
17.7
17.9
17.4
13.7
0
- 3 .3
16.5
18.7
14.1
- 6 .5
- 1 .4
-2 2 .0
A v e ra g e e a rn in g s
In July 1974, straight-time hourly earnings for all service
workers ranged from $2.22 in Dallas and $2.25 in Houston
to $4.23 in San Francisco-Oakland (table 2). Within
regional groupings, the reported spread in area averages was
$2.60 to $4.03 in the Northeast; $2.22 to $2.66 in the
South; $2.54 to $3.46 in the North Central; and $2.65 to
$4.23 in the West.
Hourly earnings levels increased between 16.5 and 24.5
percent among the nine areas permitting comparison
between the 1971 and 1974 surveys. (See text table 2.) In
all areas, weekly earnings levels rose more slowly than
hourly earnings because of widespread declines in hours
worked. For example, hourly earnings in Miami rose 22
percent between 1971 and 1974, while weekly earnings
increased 14.7 percent, and average weekly hours fell by
5.1 percent (text table 2).
Because of variations in weekly hours of work, area pay
relationships based on weekly earnings were somewhat
different from those based on hourly earnings. For exam
ple, workers in Los Angeles-Long Beach averaged 15
percent an hour less than those in Seattle-Everett, but
because of their longer workweek (32 hours compared with
23), they averaged 17 percent more per week. Also, average
hourly earnings were nearly the same in Newark ($2.94)
and Kansas City ($2.98), but weekly earnings averaged $86
and $68, respectively. (See table 2.)
Average weekly earnings ranged from $48 in Dallas-Ft.
Worth to $145.50 in San Francisco-Oakland. Largely
reflecting the part-time nature of jobs in the industry,
weekly earnings averaged $75 or less in 14 of the 24 areas
studied; they exceeded $125 in New York and San
Francisco-Oakland, where the longest average workweeks
and highest average hourly earnings were recorded.
Typically, hourly earnings were concentrated in a
narrow range within areas, largely reflecting the numerical
importance of cleaners and the pay they commonly
received (table 3). For example, approximately three-fifths
of the workers in Atlanta, Baltimore, and Houston and
seven-tenths in Memphis earned $2 but less than $2.10—$2
was the Federal minimum at that time; nearly one-third in
Cleveland earned between $3 and $3.10; and one-third in
New York and two-fifths in Seattle-Everett earned $3.80 to
$4. In each instance, cleaners accounted for at least
nine-tenths of the workers paid these amounts.
Men, as a group, typically averaged from 10 percent to
20 percent more per hour than women. The earnings
advantage for men ranged from 6 percent in Baltimore and
1 Earnings d a ta e x c lu d e p re m iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w o rk
on w e eken ds and h o lid ay s b u t in clu d e p re m iu m pay fo r la te -s h ift
and hazardous w o r k , if a n y . A verage h o u rly earnings w e re o b ta in e d
b y d ivid in g aggregate w e e k ly earnings b y aggregate w e e k ly hours.
Unionization. Establishments operating under labormanagement agreements employed three-fifths of the ser
vice workers in the survey. The proportion of workers in
shops with such coverage ranged from less than one-tenth in
Atlanta and Houston to nine-tenths or more in New York,
San Francisco-Oakland, and Seattle-Everett. (See table 1.)
In half the southern areas studied, none of the plants visited
had collective bargaining agreements covering a majority of
their regular service employees. Nearly all agreements in the
industry were executed with the Service Employees’ Inter
national Union (AFL-CIO).
M ethod o f wage paym ent. At least nine-tenths of the
workers in each area (except Miami) were paid on a
time-rate basis (table 37). Time workers usually were paid
under formal plans setting single rates for specific occupa
tions in nearly two-thirds of the areas. Rates determined by
the individual’s qualifications applied to a majority of the
workers in one-third of the areas, typically in the South.
Incentive wage payment plans applied to slightly more than
one-fifth of the workers in Miami.
Weekly hours o f work. Service employees in contract
cleaning establishments frequently worked less than 15
hours per week in July 1974 (table 6). On the average,
however, they worked 21.5 hours in Dallas, from 22 to
nearly 30 hours in three-fourths of the areas, from 30 to 33
hours in one-sixth of the areas, and 34.5 hours in San
Francisco-Oakland. In two-thirds of the areas, a majority of
the service employees worked fewer than 30 hours a week;
in half of the 24 areas, including 6 of the 8 southern areas,
a majority worked under 25 hours weekly. In only four
areas—Chicago, Los Angeles-Long Beach, New York, and
San Francisco-Oakland—a majority of the employees
3
these occupations accounted for virtually all service work
ers studied.
Among the occupational classifications surveyed in
contract cleaning establishments, window washers generally
were highest paid (text table 3). They had hourly averages
ranging from $2.72 in Dallas-Fort Worth to $5.64 in San
Francisco-Oakland. Window washers averaged more than $5
an hour in 8 of the 18 areas for which their earnings were
published. In a number of areas, extra pay was provided for
hazardous work, such as using scaffolds, high ladders, and
bosun chairs. Such payments were included in window
washers’ earnings for purposes of the survey.
Floor waxers (men) typically averaged between $2.50
and $3.50 an hour, ranging from $2.17 in Atlanta and
$2.18 in New Orleans to $4.38 in San Francisco-Oakland.
Among the 11 areas where averages for exterminators
(men) could be shown, averages were between $3.40 and
$3.65 in six areas, and between $3.86 and $4.86 in the
others.
Average hourly earnings for women performing light
cleaning tasks, numerically the most important job studied
separately, ranged from $2.07 in New Orleans to $3.82 in
San Francisco-Oakland. Women light cleaners averaged
$2.20 an hour or less in one-third of the areas (primarily in
Dallas to slightly more than 30 percent in Pittsburgh.
Differences in average pay levels for men and women may
be the result of several factors, including variation in the
distribution of the sexes among establishments and among
jobs with disparate pay levels. For example, window
washers, usually the highest paid occupation, were virtually
all men, as were nine-tenths of the heavy cleaners; women,
however, made up three-fifths of the light cleaners, one of
the lowest paid occupations studied. Also, differences
reported for men and women in the same job and area may
reflect minor differences in duties. Job descriptions used to
classify workers in wage surveys are more generalized than
those used in individual establishments to allow for possible
minor differences among establishments in specific duties
performed.
O c c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s
Tables 10 through 33 present earnings data for cleaners,
exterminators, floor waxers, and window washers. These
occupations together accounted for at least four-fifths of
the regularly employed service workers in each area studied.
In Atlanta, Dallas-Fort Worth, and Minneapolis-St. Paul,
T e x t ta b le 3 .
J u ly
A v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a t i o n s in c o n t r a c t c le a n i n g
e s ta b lis h m e n ts ,
1974
Average hourly earnings2
Area1
Northeast:
B oston.......................................................
Nassau-Suffolk........................................
N ewar k ....................................................
New York ................................................
Philadelphia................... ..........................
Pittsburgh ................................................
South:
Atlanta ....................................................
B altim ore..................................................
Dallas-Ft. Worth ....................................
Houston....................................................
M e m p h is ..................................................
Miami .......................................................
New Orleans ...........................................
Washington .............................................
North Central:
C h ica g o ....................................................
Cleveland..................................................
D e tro it.......................................................
Kansas C i t y .............................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul .............................
St. L o u is ..................................................
West:
Denver-Boulder......................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach .....................
San Francisco-Oakland ........................
Seattle-Everett........................................
Exterminators
(Men)
Window washers
(Men)
$2.76
3.29
3.32
3.91
2.71
$4.61
5.02
3.90
5.53
4.12
3.44
$2.65
3.39
2.74
4.02
2.97
2.78
2.17
2.45
2.36
2.45
3.51
2.32
2.21
2.29
2.19
$3.86
4.36
3.42
4.03
3.57
2.72
Men
Women
Light cleaners
Men
Women
$2.54
2.75
2.50
3.23
2.42
2.08
$2.54
2.71
2.47
3.67
2.59
2.10
2.24
2.29
2.13
2.06
2.18
2.06
2.35
2.07
2.42
2.10
2.33
2.13
2.08
2.08
2.15
2.07
2.20
$2.91
3.34
2.80
2.32
2.18
3.42
3.46
2.68
2.18
2.51
3.64
3.20
3.59
3.17
3.14
2.51
4.70
4.86
2.62
3.36
4.38
1 S ta n d a rd M e tro p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A reas, as d e fin e d b y th e U .S .
O ffic e o f M a n a g e m e n t and B udg et th ro u g h F e b ru a ry 8 , 1 9 7 4 .
2 E arnings da ta e x c lu d e p re m iu m p a y fo r o v e rtim e w o rk on
w e e k en d s and h o lid ay s , b u t in c lu d e p re m iu m pay fo r la te -s h ift and
Heavy cleaners
Floor waxers
(Men)
2.57
3.70
2.37
2.74
5.36
5.54
5.62
4.38
4.32
4.51
3.53
2.99
3.06
2.89
3.68
2.40
3.67
3.10
5.14
5.64
5.15
2.68
3.19
4.02
3.71
2.95
2.31
3.02
4.02
3.41
3.04
2.85
2.70
2.70
2.41
3.14
2.84
2.72
2.73
2.79
2.31
2.40
2.86
4.03
2.41
2.88
3.82
hazard ous w o r k , if a n y .
N O T E : Dashes in d ic a te no d a ta re p o rte d o r d a ta t h a t d o n o t
m e e t p u b lic a tio n c rite ria .
4
the South. They averaged over $3 in Chicago, New York,
and San Francisco. Among the 22 areas where separate data
for men and women light cleaners were shown, women
averaged more than men in 5 areas, less than men in 7, and
within 1 percent of men in 10. The typical earnings
advantage for women was small—2 or 3 percent—but ranged
to 13 or 14 percent in Baltimore and New York. In areas
where men light cleaners enjoyed an earnings advantage, the
spread was also relatively small—commonly 4 to 5 per
cent-widening to 9 or 10 percent in Miami and Washing
ton.
Slightly more than nine-tenths of the workers perform
ing heavy cleaning tasks were men. Average earnings for
these men ranged from $2.19 in Houston to $4.02 in New
York and San Francisco-0akland. Women employed as
heavy cleaners averaged from $2.24 an hour in Dallas-Fort
Worth to $4.02 in San Francisco-0akland. As was the case
with light cleaners, men and women each enjoyed the
earnings advantage in about half the areas in which averages
for both groups shown were different. They averaged the
same in 2 areas. But, where average earnings varied by sex
for heavy cleaners, the spread was commonly wider than
for light cleaners—4 to 16 percent in most cases shown.
Average earnings of men cleaners in contract cleaning
service establishments were compared with janitors (men)
in the Bureau’s area wage surveys.7 Text table 4 presents
hourly average pay relatives for cleaners using the more
broadly based area wage survey average for janitors in each
area as 100. It shows that cleaners typically averaged
between about 10 and 20 percent an hour less than janitors
in all industries covered by the area wage studies. When
comparisons were limited to nonmanufacturing industries,
however, cleaners typically averaged between 6 and 10
percent less than janitors; and in Houston and Memphis,
they averaged, respectively, 2 percent and 15 percent more.
Earnings of individual workers varied within the same
job and area (tables 10-33). The extent of the dispersion,
however, differed among the areas and for different jobs
within the same area. For example, earnings of the highest
paid men heavy cleaners in New York exceeded those of
the lowest paid by about $3 an hour; while in Dallas-Ft.
Worth, all such workers earned between $2 and $2.80. (See
tables 27 and 15.) In contrast to the broad range for heavy
cleaners, about seven-eighths of the window washers (men)
in New York had average hourly earnings between $5 and
T e x t ta b le 4 .
p e r c e n t o f a v e r a g e s f o r m e n j a n i t o r s in B L S a r e a w a g e
s u rv e y s , 1 9 a re a s ,1 J u ly
1974
(A verages in area w age surveys = 1 0 0 )
Pay relative
Area
A ll
industries
Northeast:
B o sto n ................................................
Philadelphia......................................
Pittsburgh ........................................
South:
A tla n ta ................................................
Baltimore . ........................................
H ouston.............................................
Memphis ...........................................
M ia m i..................................................
New Orleans......................................
Washington ......................................
North Central:
Chicago .............................................
Cleveland...........................................
D e tr o it...............................................
Kansas City ......................................
Minneapolis-St. P a u l........................
St. Louis ...........................................
West:
Denver-Boulder ...............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach ..............
San Francisco-Oakland...................
Nonmanufac
turing
industries
83
83
67
90
91
78
86
82
90
108
90
86
95
94
94
102
115
92
93
96
94
79
67
78
87
69
97
96
88
91
94
88
86
92
96
94
99
97
1 A re a d e fin itio n s used in th e surveys are n o t c o m p a ra b le in
D a lla s -F t. W o rth , N a s s a u -S u ffo lk , N e w a r k , and N e w Y o r k . In
S e a ttle -E v e re tt, d a ta fo r all cleaners d id n o t m e e t p u b lic a tio n
c rite ria .
E s ta b lis h m e n t p ra c tic e s a n d
s u p p le m e n ta r y w a g e p ro v is io n s
Data also were obtained on late-shift differentials and
selected supplementary wage benefits, such as paid holidays
and vacations and various health, insurance, and retirement
plans. Information on wage practices and benefits applies to
a majority of regularly employed service workers in each
establishment, whether full time or part time. All plans,
except those legally required, were included when at least
part of the cost was paid by the employer. No attempt was
made, however, to evaluate the cost of benefits provided by
any plan.
$ 6 .2 0 .
Late-shift work. Although a majority of the cleaners in each
area studied worked at night, only in two areas—SeattleEverett and Los Angeles-Long Beach—did formal provisions
for shift premium pay usually apply to regular service
workers. Contractors in Los Angeles reporting shift differ
entials paid 15 cents an hour above day-shift rates for
employees working more than half of their hours after
midnight. Contractors in Seattle who reported shift differ
entials paid 15 cents an hour above day-shift rates for all
hours between midnight and 8 a.m. Among the other areas
studied, shift differentials were rarely found in the indus
try.
7The Bureau’s area wage survey program covers establishments
in the following broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transpor
tation, communication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade;
retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and selected services.
Area wage surveys were conducted throughout the country in 1974.
Data from these surveys were adjusted to reflect the July 1974
payroll reference period used in the contract cleaning survey. To the
extent that contract cleaning firms are also covered by the area wage
survey data, these lower paying firms reduce the men janitors’
average and contribute to a smaller cleaner-to-janitor wage differen
tial than would be reported if their data could be excluded from the
cross-industry survey.
A v e ra g e s tra ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s o f
m e n c le a n e r s in c o n t r a c t c le a n in g e s ta b l is h m e n t s a s a
5
Paid holidays. Paid holidays, usually 6 to 8 per year, were
provided to three-fifths of the service workers or more in all
areas except Atlanta, Memphis, and Minneapolis-St. Paul
(table 38). In San Francisco-0akland, three fourths of the
workers received 9 days annually; and in Nassau-Suffolk
and New York, about three-fifths of the workers were in
establishments providing at least 10 days.
financed solely by the employer, accounted for a majority
of service workers in 13 of the 24 areas studied. (See table
40.) Benefits most frequently available were life, hospitali
zation, surgical, and basic medical insurance, but the
proportions of workers covered by these and other plans
varied somewhat by location.
Sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, or
both, also applied to a majority of the workers in 10 areas.
Major medical insurance was available for at least two-thirds
of the service workers in six areas, but was available to
one-fifth or less in the other areas.
Retirement pension plans, other than social security,
were available to at least three-fifths of the workers in 10
areas, and nearly always were financed entirely by the
employers; one-third or less were covered by such plans in
the other 14 areas. Retirement severance pay plans were
rare in the industry.
Paid vacations. Paid vacations, after qualifying periods of
service, were provided by cleaning contractors employing a
majority of service workers in all areas except Atlanta,
Dallas-Ft. Worth, Memphis, Minneapolis-St. Paul, and New
Orleans (table 39). In the 19 areas where a majority of
workers were under paid vacation plans, typical provisions
were for 1 week’s pay after 1 year of service (2 weeks’ pay
in the Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Seattle areas), and 2
weeks’ pay after 2 or 3 years. In five areas, a majority of
the workers were in establishments having provisions for 3
weeks of vacation pay after 5 years of service; in six other
areas, similar provisions usually applied after 10 years of
service (4 weeks was typical in Nassau-Suffolk). Provisions
for 4 weeks after 15 years’ service covered at least
three-fifths of the workers in four other areas and after 20
years in Philadelphia.
Other selected benefits. Pay for leave to attend funerals of
certain family members was available to about two-thirds of
the workers or more in seven areas, to approximately
one-half in four areas, and to about one-third or less in the
other areas. (See table 41.)
Jury-duty pay was provided to a majority of the workers
in only five areas—Boston, Cleveland, Los Angeles, San
Francisco-0akland, and Seattle-Everett. It was provided to
slightly over two-fifths in Nassau-Suffolk and Newark, and
to about one-third or less in the other areas.
Health, insurance, and retirement plans. Establishments
providing various health and insurance benefits, typically
6
Table 1. Em ploym ent by selected characteristics
(P e r c e n t o f s e r v ic e w o r k e r s in c o n tra ct clean in g s e r v ic e s esta b lis h m e n ts , 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , July 1974)
P e r c e n t of w o r k e r s in e s ta b l is h m e n t s —
E m p lo y in g —
A re a
T o ta l, 24 a r e a s ------------------------------N o rth e a s t:
B o s t o n --------------------------------------------------N a s s a u —S u f f o l k ------------------------------------ »N e w a r k -------------------------------------------------N ew Y o r k ---------------------------------------------P h i l a d e l p h i a -----------------------------------------P i t t s b u r g h --------------------------------------------S o u th :
A t l a n t a --------------------------------------------------B a l t i m o r e ---------------------------------------------D a lla s —F t . W o r t h --------------------------------H o u s t o n ------------------------------------------------M e m p h i s ----------------------------------------------M i a m i --------------------------------------------------N ew O r l e a n s ----------------------------------------W a s h i n g t o n -------------------------------------------N o r th C e n t r a l :
C h i c a g o -------------------------------------------------C l e v e l a n d ---------------------------------------------D e t r o i t --------------------------------------------------K a n s a s C i t y -----------------------------------------M in n e a p o lis —S t. P a x il--------------------------S t. L o u i s ----------------------------------------------W e st:
D e n v e r —B o u l d e r -----------------------------------L o s A n g e le s —L o n g B e a c h --------------------S a n F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d ----------------------S e a tt l e —E v e r e t t -------------------------------------
L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t .
N o n e o f th e e s ta b l is h m e n t s
100
8-19
20-49
100
7
13
100
100
100
100
100
100
11
21
6
3
7
17
15
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
4
12
2
9
15
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
10
8
7
5
9
18
5
3
6
8
14
8
12
11
17
13
50-99
J a n ito ria l
s e rv ic e s
W indow
c le a n in g
s e rv ic e s
71
94
1
12
6
14
13
3
7
19
5
70
52
82
84
54
71
98
84
1
1
1
1
11
6
13
25
9
19
15
15
19
12
24
13
17
14
7
5
17
5
9
67
74
72
79
85
53
10
12
65
65
56
59
15
14
9
13
12
22
10
23
4
13
7
25
22
v i s ite d h a d l a b o r - m a n a g e m e n t
w o rk e rs
or
m o re
9
8
c o n tr a c ts
D e riv in g m o s t of
re v e n u e fro m
c o n tr a c ts w ith —
P r i m a r i l y p r o v id in g —
T o ta l
66
79
66
52
46
61
65
45
86
97
83
89
96
92
98
96
95
77
92
93
5
4
n
D i s in f e c t
ing a nd
e x te r m in
a tin g
se rv ic e s
4
O th e r
s e rv ic e s
( 1)
2
15
_
1
1
11
1
1
2
7
2
6
2
2
_
5
1
2
2
22
6
_
92
97
93
95
96
94
4
95
93
93
2
10 0
1
1
_
2
2
4
1
6 0 -6 4
100
100
100
100
_
_
_
99
1
7 5 -7 9
7 0 -7 4
6 5 -6 9
9 0 -9 4
7 0 -7 4
4 5 -4 9
88
12
_
97
91
95
3
9
5
_
9
7
7
_
_
_
2
2
4
5
3
100
_
5
97
..
4
2
H av in g
1 c o lle c tiv e
P r iv a t e
G o v e rn m e n t b a r g a in in g
firm s o r
a g e n c ie s A g r e e m e n ts
in d iv id u a ls
_1
_
2
n
100
91
93
93
99
92
100
90
96
100
_
_
3
7
_
_
6
1
99
-
-
-
88
87
100
1
8
_
10
4
_
13
_
1
12
5 -9
( 2)
( 2)
5 -9
( 2)
( 2)
4 0 -4 4
2 5 -2 9
7 0 -7 4
8 0 -8 4
6 0 -6 4
6 5 -6 9
6 5 -6 9
8 0 -8 4
3 5 -3 9
6 5 -6 9
9 0 -9 4
9 0 -9 4
m a j o r i t y o f t h e i r e m p lo y e d s e r v i c e w o r k e r s .
c o v e r in g a
N O T E : B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , s u m s of in d iv id u a l i t e m s m a y n o t e q u a l t o ta ls .
Table 2. Average hours and earnings
(A v e r a g e w e e k ly h ou rs w o rk e d and a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t- tim e h o u rly and w e e k ly earn in gs o f s e r v ic e w o r k e r s in co n tra c t clea n in g s e r v ic e s e s ta b lis h m e n ts ,
A rea
N o rth e a s t:
B o s t o n -----------------------------------------------------------------------N a s s a u —S u f f o l k ---------------------------------------------------------N e w a r k ----------------------------------------------------------------------N ew Y o r k ---------------- /-------------------------------------------------P h i l a d e l p h i a --------------------------------------------------------------P i t t s b u r g h ---------------------------------------------------------------S o uth :
A t l a n t a -----------------------------------------------------------------------B a l t i m o r e ------------------------------------------------------------------D a l la s —F t . W o r t h -----------------------------------------------------H o u s t o n ---------------------------------------------------------------------M e m p h i s -------------------------------------------------------------------M i a m i ------------------------------------------------------------------------N ew O r l e a n s -------------------------------------------------------------W a s h i n g t o n ---------------------------------------------------------------N o r th C e n tr a l:
C h i c a g o ----------------------------------------------------------------------C l e v e l a n d ------------------------------------------------------------------D e t r o i t ---------------------------------------------------------------------K a n s a s C i ty ---------------------------------------------------------------M in n e a p o lis —S t. P a u l -----------------------------------------------S t. L o u i s -------------------------------------------------------------------W e st:
D e n v e r —B o u l d e r --------------------------------------------------------L o s A n g e le s —L o n g B e a c h ----------------------------------------S a n F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d --------------------------------------------S e a ttle —E v e r e t t ----------------------------------------------------------
N um ber
of
w o rk ers
W e ek ly h o u r s w o r k e d
N u m b er of w o r k e r s a t—
L ess
th a n 20
20 and
u n d e r 30
5, 570
2 ,2 8 4
7 ,0 1 2
3 5 ,4 0 0
6 , 213
2 ,8 7 1
1, 379
485
1 ,2 4 1
3 ,4 7 9
1 ,2 6 9
841
2 ,9 7 3
575
2 ,2 9 5
4 ,4 7 9
1 ,5 9 6
761
1 ,2 1 8
1, 224
3 ,4 7 6
27, 442
3, 348
1 ,2 6 9
5 , 120
4 ,0 3 8
5, 600
7 ,4 0 8
1 ,9 0 4
2 ,4 2 9
2, 177
8 ,6 9 7
1 ,8 0 5
1, 765
1, 326
1 ,0 4 0
514
592
897
2, 944
2 ,0 7 8
1 , 161
3 ,5 6 7
3 ,2 3 0
1 ,2 3 7
1 , 112
707
3, 138
700
1 ,0 5 1
425
1 ,8 4 1
8 ,8 6 5
3 ,3 2 6
4 ,5 2 8
2, 104
2, 856
3, 174
1, 109
511
980
999
1 ,0 7 9
953
3, 031
1 1 ,6 4 1
5, 186
2 ,0 5 5
1 ,0 9 8
1 ,9 9 5
657
826
690
786
855
3 ,9 1 2
1 ,5 4 3
635
967
461
30 o r
m o re
29.0
2 9 .0
3 3 .0
2 9 .0
2 7 .0
2 3 .0
22.0
H o u r ly r a t e s 1
A v e ra g e
(m e a n )
h o u r ly
e a rn in g s 1
$ 2 . 76
3 .3 0
2 .9 4
4 .0 3
3 .0 5
2 .6 0
2 .3 0
2 .4 1
F irs t
q u a r t i le
T h ir d
q u a r t i le
2 .5 0 0
3 .0 0 0
2 .5 8 0
3 . 843
2 . 850
2 .5 0 0
2 .5 8 0
2 .4 0 0
3. 805
2. 525
$ 6 4 .5 0
9 6 .5 0
2.000
2.000
2. 750
3 .5 5 0
3 .0 0 0
4 .3 0 7
3 .2 5 0
2 .5 0 0
2.000
2.000
2 . 100
2.000
2.000
2.000
2 . 000
2 . 000
2.000
2.000
2.000
2 . 000
2 . 100
2 .2 5 0
2 .2 5 0
2. 340
2 .1 7 4
2 .2 5
2 .2 9
2.66
2 .2 5 0
22.0
22.0
2 .2 8
2 .5 1
2 . 120
2 .2 5 0
3 .4 6
3 .0 9
3. 11
2 .9 8
3. 12
2 .5 4
3. 300
2 .9 7 0
2 .8 8 0
2 .9 0 5
2 .9 2 0
2 .3 5 0
2. 65
3. 18
4 .2 3
3. 74
2 .5 0 0
3 .1 4 0
4 .2 0 0
3. 750
644
776
954
1 ,0 7 5
2 , 122
447
391
858
7, 524
4 , 082
838
2 3 .5
3 2 .0
3 4 .5
2 3 .0
2.22
W e e k ly e a r n i n g s 1
A v e ra g e
(m ean)
w e e k ly
e a rn in g s 2
M e d ia n
2 1 .5
2 7 .5
2 5 .0
2 8 .0
1 ,2 6 7
1 D a ta r e l a t e to a c tu a l s t r a i g h t - t i m e e a r n i n g s ( h o u rly o r w e e k ly ) a n d w e r e o b ta in e d b y
a r r a y i n g th e r a t e s o f th e in d iv id u a l w o r k e r s a n d lo c a tin g th e p o in ts in th e a r r a y b e lo w w h ic h
o n e - f o u r th , o n e - h a l f ( m e d i a n ) , a jid t h r e e - f o u r t h s o f th e r a t e s w e r e fo u n d ,
2 S t r a i g h t - t i m e a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s i n f o r m a t io n e x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d
f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s a n d h o l id a y s , b u t in c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if ts a n d h a z a r d o u s
2 3 .5
3 3 .0
2 9 .5
3 0 .0
2 3 .0
2 3 .0
2 4 .5
1,001
6 , 213
2 , 180
2 , 581
A v erag e
w e e k ly
h o u rs
w o rk ed
24 s e le c te d a r e a s , July 1974)
2.200
2 .8 8 0
2 . 180
2 .4 0 0
M e d ia n
F irs t
q u a r t i le
T h ir d
q u a rtile
1 3 4 .0 0
8 9 .5 0
7 0 .0 0
$ 5 2 .5 0
106. 93
79. 50
137. 93
83. 10
5 2 .4 4
$ 4 9 .5 0
5 5 .0 0
5 0 .0 0
1 1 4 .0 0
56. 81
3 6 .0 0
$ 110.00
1 6 4 .2 6
1 2 6 .4 0
1 7 2 .2 8
1 4 0 .0 0
8 4 .0 0
5 3 .0 0
5 3 .0 0
4 8 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
5 8 .0 0
7 4 .0 0
5 0 .0 0
5 6 .0 0
4 6 . 13
4 4 . 00
4 5 . 00
55. 50
6 8 .3 8
5 5 .0 0
4 2 .4 0
4 6 . 67
3 7 .8 0
3 0 .0 0
4 0 .0 0
4 2 .0 0
4 3 .0 0
4 0 .0 0
3 3 .9 2
38. 70
9 4 .0 0
9 6 .0 0
5 0 .0 0
7 5 .2 5
2 5 0 .0 0
1 0 3 .2 0
55. 38
9 4 .0 0
122.00
8 7 .0 8
6 8 . 78
6 5 .8 8
35. 19
3 6 .0 0
4 0 .5 0
1 5 4 .0 0
1 0 9 .8 2
1 2 7 .2 0
9 7 .6 3
3 7 .5 0
65. 12
1 2 8 .9 0
30. 83
8 4 .0 0
1 3 3 .6 0
1 8 0 .0 0
1 6 1 .2 0
86.00
650
760
350
300
3. 850
3 .0 6 0
3 .0 4 5
2 .9 1 9
3. 100
2 .5 0 0
1 1 4 .5 0
9 1 .5 0
9 3 .5 0
7 1 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
9 1 .3 3
1 0 5 .6 0
55. 20
5 8 .4 0
55. 23
2. 250
2 .5 0 0
3. 650
3. 560
2 .6 3 0
3 .2 7 0
4 .3 0 0
3 .8 5 0
6 2 .5 0
52. 50
1 01. 00
1 20. 00
161.20
2. 850
2 . 810
2.
2.
2.
2.
68.00
1 4 5 .5 0
8 4 .0 0
92. 50
96.20
8 5 .0 0
w o rk , if any.
A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s w e r e o b ta in e d b y d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n in g s b y a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s .
A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s w e r e o b ta in e d b y d iv id in g th e a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b y th e to ta l n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s .
N O T E : A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s w o r k e d w e r e
w e e k ly e a r n i n g s to th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o l l a r .
ro u n d e d to th e
n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r a n d
Table 3.
Hourly earnings distribution: All workers
(P e r c e n t d is trib u tio n o f s e r v ic e w o r k e r s in c o n tra ct clean in g s e r v ic e s esta b lish m en ts b y s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u rly ea rn in g s , 1 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , July 1974)
N o rth e a s t
H o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1
B o s to n
T o ta l — ----------------------------------------U n d e r $ 2 . 0 0 ----------------------------------------$ 2.00
$ 2 . 10
$ 2 . 20
$ 2 .3 0
$ 2 .4 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 2 . 1 0 -----------------------$ 2 . 2 0 -----------------------$ 2 . 3 0 -----------------------$ 2 . 4 0 -----------------------$ 2 . 5 0 ------------------------
$2.
$2.
$2.
$2.
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
$2.
$2.
$2.
$ 2.
50
60
70
80
6 0 -----------------------7 0 -----------------------8 0 -----------------------9 0 ------------------------
100.0
N assau—
Suffolk
100.0
N e w a rk
100.0
South
N ew
Y o rk
P h ila
d e lp h ia
P itts
b u rg h
A tla n ta
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2. 3
.2
2.8
4. 7
2. 1
4 .5
1 .3
1 .4
55. 1
1 0 .3
60. 3
8. 1
1 0 .9
5. 1
2 .9
5 9 .0
18. 2
1. 7
1 1 .3
2 2 .4
2. 2
1 .3
2 .9
1 .9
.4
2.2
1. 1
3 .9
.9
3. 1
.3
1.0
3 .0
1.0
2.6
100.0
.1
-
-
-
5 .4
.9
6. 6
.8
5 .4
2. 6
8. 8
7. 8
6. 7
1.2
2.0
1.8
2 .5
5 .7
.9
1.0
.3
1.1
.6
.8
46. 7
4 .0
17. 6
3 .5
.7
15 .2
1 .3
5 .2
1 .4
15. 1
20. 1
8. 7
2 .9
5 .9
1. 7
4. 7
1 .5
.4
7. 6
2. 1
2.0
1.1
-
$ 3 . 00
$ 3 . 10
$ 3 . 20
$ 3 .3 0
$ 3 .4 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 3 . 1 0 -----------------------$ 3 . 2 0 -----------------------$ 3. 3 0 -----------------------$ 3 . 4 0 -----------------------$ 3 . 5 0 ------------------------
2 .9
8.6
.2
.8
1.8
. 1
3 .3
6 .9
3 .3
$ 3 .5 0
$ 3 . 60
$ 3 . 70
$ 3 . 80
$ 3 . 90
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 3 . 6 0 -----------------------$ 3 . 7 0 -----------------------$ 3 . 8 0 -----------------------$ 3 . 9 0 -----------------------$ 4 . 0 0 ------------------------
.4
. 1
. 6
. 1
. 1
4 .6
3. 1
3 .5
2. 8
.1
3. 2
.9
1.0
2.0
1. 1
.5
1 .9
3 1 .9
.8
5 .3
.7
2. 8
3. 8
( 2)
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
00
10
20
30
40
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
1 0 -----------------------2 0 -----------------------3 0 -----------------------4 0 -----------------------5 0 ------------------------
.2
_
( 2)
6.0
.2
1.8
.8
.2
2. 1
1.8
.7
.5
. 1
.3
. 1
3. 1
1 4 .8
15. 1
1.0
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
50
60
70
80
90
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
$ 5.
6 0 -----------------------7 0 -----------------------8 0 -----------------------9 0 -----------------------0 0 ------------------------
2. 5
. 1
. 1
. 1
( 2)
1. 1
.
.
.
.
.
$ 5 .0 0
$ 5 .2 0
$ 5 . 40
$ 5 . 60
$ 5 . 80
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 5 . 2 0 -----------------------$ 5 . 4 0 -----------------------$ 5. 6 0 -----------------------$ 5 . 8 0 -----------------------$ 6 . 0 0 ------------------------
_
_
.3
. 1
-
$ 6 . 0 0 a n d o v e r -------------------------------------
-
.8
.3
.3
_
.1
1 .3
.5
.9
2
1
6
1
2
2. 2
1. 1
1.6
.7
2.0
.4
1 .4
.4
.8
.1
.8
.1
.1
.4
.2
. 1
( 2)
.4
1 .7
.4
1 .4
1 .4
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s -------------------------------
5, 570
2 ,2 8 4
A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1---------------------
$ 2 .7 6
$ 3 .3 0
See footnotes at end o f table.
.2
.5
.3
1.0
1 .7
.3
.2
. 1
. 1
.2
.5
.5
. 1
( 2)
.2
2.8
3 .2
1.0
.2
.8
.1
.1
6 .5
1.2
( 2)
( 2)
.4
.4
1 .3
.2
-
„
.9
.4
.7
.4
.3
. 1
.2
.2
( 2)
. 1
.2
.2
( 2)
( 2)
.2
.3
.3
( 2)
.2
.6
7, 012
3 5 ,4 0 0
6 ,2 1 3
$ 2 .9 4
$ 4 .0 3
$ 3 .0 5
.7
.8
.2
.2
_
1 .7
2 .4
1.0
2. 1
2. 3
2. 1
-
.2
8.2
5. 7
3. 1
2 .4
.9
.4
. 1
. i
.3
-
_
.1
-
.6
1.2
4. 6
.7
1. 1
.6
.4
B a l ti
m o re
1.0
.4
1.2
D a lla s —
H o u s to n
F t . W o rth
100.0
-
1 00. 0
100.0
N ew
O rle a n s
100.0
.
.
20. 5
22. 6
1 6 .4
9 .5
8. 1
3 8 .5
5 .3
10. 2
45. 7
3 1 .8
6. 1
2.0
.6
1.8
1.0
12. 5
.3
.6
.4
.2
2. 1
12.2
1.0
5 .4
.2
7 .8
1 .5
.9
. 1
. 1
.2
2 .3
1 .5
.2
.3
( 2)
. 1
.3
( 2)
.1
.4
.4
.4
.3
. 1
.4
.2
.2
.6
.2
.2
.3
( 2)
.6
. 1
.2
( 2")
„
_
-
. 1
.3
.4
4 .3
.8
_
.1
.
.
.
.
.
5
1
1
1
1
.2
.1
.2
. 1
. 1
. 1
.1
_
_
. 1
( 2)
-
.5
.4
_
2, 871
5, 120
4 , 038
5 ,6 0 0
7 ,4 0 8
$ 2 . 60
$ 2 .3 0
$ 2 .4 1
$ 2 .2 2
$ 2 .2 5
. 1
1 00. 0
( 2)
69. 1
4 .9
3 .9
1. 6
1 .9
1.6
W a s h in g
ton
-
5 6 .5
1 8 .3
8 .9
1 .3
.5
. 1
( 2)
( 2)
.1
-
.7
M ia m i
4 8 .4
7 .0
1 3 .4
1 1 .4
4. 1
.3
.3
( 2)
.2
-
.2
100.0
M em phi s
3 .3
3 .0
1 .9
2.0
2.6
1 .7
.3
.9
. 1
1 .4
.2
1 .9
2 .5
1 .3
.7
.3
1.6
.8
.6
.6
( 2)
.3
.5
-
3 .9
1 .7
. 1
_
.2
.5
.7
.7
.6
.2
( 2)
.5
.4
.3
.2
.2
.2
( 2)
_
.3
.4
1, 904
$ 2 .2 9
1.6
.5
.3
.8
1.0
.2
5 .8
1 .9
.3
.3
1. 1
.2
.2
. 1
. 1
-
1.0
.8
. 1
.6
.6
.9
.3
1.6
.1
.2
.4
( 2)
1.0
.6
.2
. 1
-
<■>
_
.4
.3
.2
( 2)
. 1
_
. 1
( 2)
_
_
( 2)
.1
. 1
_
-
-
.4
.3
2 ,4 2 9
2, 177
8 , 697
$ 2.66
$ 2 .2 8
$ 2 . 51
Table 3.
Hourly earnings distribution:
All workers-Continued
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s , 1 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
W e st
N o r th C e n t r a l
H o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1
T o t a l --------------------------------------------
C h ic a g o
C le v e la n d
D e tro it
K an sas
C ity
M in n e a p o li s—
S t. P a u l
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.3
1.2
.4
3 .2
1 .3
4. 2
.8
1.2
U n d e r $ 2 . 0 0 -----------------------------------------
-
$ 2 . 00
$ 2 . 10
$ 2 . 20
$ 2 . 30
$ 2 .4 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 2 . 1 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 2 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 3 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 4 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 5 0 -------------------------
.4
$2.
$2.
$2.
$2.
$ 2.
50
60
70
80
90
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$2.
$2.
$2.
$2.
$ 3.
6 0 ------------------------7 0 ------------------------8 0 ------------------------9 0 ------------------------0 0 -------------------------
3. 7
1 .4
9 .8
$ 3 .0 0
$ 3 . 10
$ 3. 20
$ 3 .3 0
$ 3. 40
and
and
and
and
and
unde r
under
under
under
under
$ 3.
$3.
$ 3.
$ 3.
$ 3.
1 0 ------------------------2 0 ------------------------3 0 ------------------------4 0 ------------------------5 0 -------------------------
8. 7
$ 3 . 50
$ 3 . 60
$ 3 . 70
$ 3 .8 0
$ 3 . 90
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
unde r
under
$ 3 . 6 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 7 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 8 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 9 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 0 0 -------------------------
$ 4 . 00
$ 4 . 10
$ 4 . 20
$ 4 . 30
$ 4 .4 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 4 . 1 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 2 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 3 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 4 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 5 0 -------------------------
$ 4 . 50
$ 4 . 60
$ 4 . 70
$ 4 . 80
$ 4 .9 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 4 . 6 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 7 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 8 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 9 0 ------------------------$ 5 . 0 0 -------------------------
$ 5 . 00
$ 5 . 20
$ 5 .4 0
$ 5 . 60
$ 5. 80
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 5 . 2 0 ------------------------$ 5. 4 0 ------------------------$ 5 . 6 0 ------------------------$ 5 . 8 0 ------------------------$ 6. 0 0 -------------------------
$ 6 . 00 a n d o v e r ------------------------------------N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s ------------------------------A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 --------------------
-
1.2
4 .5
2.0
1.6
1.0
.4
.3
2. 3
30. 2
1 .3
1 .9
.7
.6
17. 5
.4
.8
.2
.9
.2
.2
.8
.
.
.
.
1
7
1
1
.2
5 .0
.2
.4
8, 865
$ 3 .4 6
2. 2
.5
2. 2
.2
. 1
2.0
3 .4
2. 1
1. 1
36. 1
9 .0
9 .3
5. 7
4 .0
36. 6
2 .4
3 1 .3
.8
5. 6
9 .3
2 .9
.8
.8
2 .9
. 1
.5
.3
.3
_
-
_
.3
.3
. 1
. 1
.2
.2
-
.2
.6
.
3 .2
.2
.3
.2
1 .4
.6
.2
.2
( 2)
.9
.2
n
( 2)
.2
. 1
( 2)
.3
( 2)
.2
.3
3. 6
1.0
.4
.7
2 .4
.4
.5
6.
4.
29.
2.
34.
1
6
6
9
9
4. 3
1.6
1.0
.8
.4
2. 0
( 2)
.6
( 2)
D e n v e r—
B o u ld e r
L o s A n g e le sLong B each
S an F r a n
c is c o O a k la n d
100.0
100. 0
100.0
100.0
.9
1.2
. 1
S t. L o u is •
3 .5
2. 1
( 2)
1 2 .9
6 .4
4. 7
45. 2
9 .9
7. 5
9 .3
1 5 .0
2 .5
4.
.
6.
2.
15.
5
5
6
5
8
1 2 .5
3. 6
10. 3
.9
1 .4
28. 8
7 .5
3. 1
1 .9
.9
9 .3
1 .5
.2
.9
.4
( 2)
2. 7
.2
.6
.4
.3
3 .0
1 9 .5
1 7 .9
5. 7
2 .4
1 .5
( 2)
( 2)
.3
. 1
. 1
.4
. 1
.3
.4
.7
3. 1
.9
.9
.4
4 .5
12. 7
.7
5 .2
.6
2.0
. 7
. 1
.3
.6
.5
.6
.3
.3
.2
. 1
9 .3
1.2
11.2
.9
.6
1 .9
1 .5
4. 7
3. 7
3 .5
.9
1.0
1.6
.6
( 2)
( 2)
2. 0
.5
_
1 .3
2. 3
.2
.3
. 1
“
.3
-
1.0
7
6
8
3
„
.3
.3
. 1
. 1
8
1. 7
2.
5.
5.
10.
3.
1 .3
. 1
.4
.4
.3
1.0
-
.2
.2
( 2)
.4
. 1
_
.
-
.2
.7
. 1
-
.2
-
6.6
1.6
3 .9
3 .2
1 .4
_
.6
.1
( 2)
.1
.1
.1
.8
3 .9
1.0
3 0 .9
1.8
3 .3
S e a ttle —
E v e re tt
100. 0
-
_
.3
-
_
-
1.2
.3
.6
1.2
6. 5
1 .3
1.2
8. 5
22.0
3 .4
4. 1
2 9 .9
8. 6
.7
4. 6
. 1
.6
“
.6
1.6
1.2
. 1
.8
.2
.
.
.
.
3
2
2
1
7 .0
.5
1. 1
.3
( 2)
.
“
.9
.9
.
. 1
.3
3. 1
.4
.3
.4
.2
2.2
2. 6
.7
.3
.7
.8
.4
-
.4
.2
3 .3
.2
.5
1 .7
.3
.2
.4
.3
1.0
2 .4
3 ,3 2 6
4 , 528
2, 104
2 ,8 5 6
3, 174
3, 031
11,6 4 1
5, 186
2, 055
$ 3 .0 9
$ 3 . 11
$ 2 .9 8
$ 3 . 12
$ 2 .5 4
$ 2 . 65
$ 3 . 18
$ 4 . 23
$ 3 . 74
1 S t r a i g h t - t i m e a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s i n f o r m a t io n e x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d
2 L e s s th a n 0 .0 5 p e r c e n t ,
f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o l id a y s , b u t in c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r l a t e - s h i f t a n d h a z a r d o u s
w o rk if any.
N O T E : B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l i te m s m a y n o t e q u a l 100.
_
Table 4.
Hourly earnings distribution:
Men
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f m e n s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s , 1 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
N o rt le a s t
H o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1
B o s to n
T o t a l --------------------------------------------U n d e r $ 2 . 0 0 -----------------------------------------$ 2 . 00
$ 2 . 10
$ 2.20
$ 2 . 30
$ 2 .4 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 2 . 1 0 -----------------------$ 2 . 2 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 3 0 ------------------------$ 2. 4 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 5 0 -------------------------
$ 2 .5 0
$ 2 . 60
$ 2 . 70
$ 2 . 80
$ 2 . 90
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 2 . 6 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 7 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 8 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 9 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 0 0 -------------------------
$ 3 .0 0
$ 3 . 10
$ 3 .2 0
$ 3 . 30
$ 3 . 40
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$3.
$3.
$3.
$3.
$3.
$3.
$3.
$3.
$3.
$3.
50
60
70
80
90
and
and
and
and
and
$ 4 .0 0
$ 4 . 10
$ 4 . 20
$ 4 . 30
$ 4 . 40
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
1 0 -------------------------
1 00 . 0
N a s s a u rS u ffo lk
100.0
N e w a rk
100.0
-
-
-
6 .4
.5
1 .5
4 .2
.9
.5
8. 1
1 .0
6. 7
2 .4
1.8
3 9 .9
3. 7
19.2
4. 5
1.0
1 4 .4
.9
4 .4
.9
1 6 .5
3 .9
2. 5
4. 7
4. 2
18.
8.
6.
2.
6.
7
8
6
0
S outh
N ew
Y o rk
100.0
P h i la
d e lp h ia
P itts
b u rg h
A tla n ta
100. 0
100.0
100.0
0. 2
-
.8
5. 2
1 .9
3 .0
1 .4
1 .5
.4
.6
.6
.8
3. 1
2 .9
1 .9
3
.6
1.2
10. 2
3 .0
.9
3 .4
under
under
under
under
under
$ 3 . 6 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 7 0 -----------------------$ 3 . 8 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 9 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 0 0 ------------------------
.4
.2
.7
. 1
. 1
5 .2
3. 1
3 .9
3. 1
.2
.7
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
1 0 ------------------------2 0 -----------------------3 0 -----------------------4 0 ------------------------5 0 -------------------------
.3
6 .9
2 .9
.2
.2
.3
.2
2 .6
50
60
70
80
90
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
$ 5.
6 0 ------------------------7 0 -----------------------8 0 -----------------------9 0 -----------------------0 0 -------------------------
1.2
.3
.4
.4
.2
.8
. 1
.
.
.
.
.1
.3
.6
1.8
.6
1.2
.2
$ 5 . 00
$ 5 .2 0
$ 5 .4 0
$ 5 .6 0
$ 5 . 80
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 5 . 2 0 -----------------------$ 5 . 4 0 ------------------------$ 5 . 6 0 ------------------------$ 5 . 8 0 -----------------------$ 6 . 0 0 -------------------------
.2
.6
1.0
.1
.1
.6
.5
.
.
.
.
.
$ 6.00
$ 6 . 20
$ 6 . 40
$ 6 . 60
$ 6 . 80
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 6 . 2 0 -----------------------$ 6 . 4 0 ------------------------$ 6 . 6 0 -----------------------$ 6 . 8 0 ------------------------$ 7. 0 0 ------------------------
-
-
( 2)
.3
.3
.3
$ 7 . 00 a n d o v e r -------------------------------------
.
1 .3
1.2
3 .3
. 1
.2
. 1
( 2)
_
.4
.2
-
.2
2.0
1.0
.2
.3
. 1
. 1
.6
4 .3
1.6
.3
.4
1 .3
4 .0
.7
7 .5
.9
3. 9
5 .4
( 2)
3 .9
9 .8
1 .7
. 1
.1
2.6
1.0
.6
4 .7
2 3 .3
2 3 .9
1 .4
2 .4
.4
.3
.6
2.0
4. 1
.9
2. 8
1.0
. 1
.4
5 9 .3
8. 1
5 .3
3. 1
2. 1
1 .4
3. 1
.3
1 .4
1 .2
2. 1
.6
.3
. 1
( 2)
.5
48. 1
10. 6
13. 5
4 .9
3 .4
2.2
1.8
2.0
.2
( 2)
4 6 .0
9 .2
3. 6
2 .5
2. 6
1 .5
4. 1
2 .9
1. 7
.7
.7
.6
2. 3
1.2
.2
.1
2 0 ------------------------3 0 ------------------------4 0 -----------------------5 0 -------------------------
6.8
0. 1
2 .9
29. 7
2 .5
9 .2
3. 6
.9
1.6
2 .7
1.0
1 .8
1 .0
.5
6.0
.3
6. 6
1. 1
2. 7
1 .5
1 .7
2.0
1.0
1 .0
.7
1 .4
.6
.2
.2
.4
.
.
.
.
3
3
3
5
.2
.3
.3
. 1
.2
.4
.3
. 1
. 1
2
2
3
8
8
2
1
3
3
( 2)
. 1
( 2)
100.0
0.8
10 .0
1.2
3 .5
.2
.8
B a l ti
m o re
.2
-
.4
100.0
_
3 9 .5
8. 8
1 5 .4
1 0. 8
5. 5
15.
.
.
.
.
6
6
5
5
3
37. 6
24. 5
1 4 .4
( 2)
14. 6
7. 9
1 .2
4. 0
3 .9
1.2
1.2
.2
.2
2.0
.5
7. 8
3. 0
2. 4
#9
.3
2. 8
.8
.6
.7
5 .0
2. 4
2. 8
3. 7
2. 8
,5
2. 6
4. 1
1.2
t2
1 .8
1.0
. 7
1.8
.4
2. 3
.2
.8
.3
.5
1 .2
.9
. i
.5
.5
. l
.3
1. 1
.3
.2
.2
-
.
.
.
.
.
-
.4
.2
.3
.2
.6
.2
.2
2. 0
1. 1
1 .4
.9
.9
1.0
!6
.6
.
-
.
.
.
.
3
3
2
1
. i
.3
.4
.6
.3
#i
". 6
.
.4
1 .5
.6
2 .4
.3
'.4
. i
1.8
1.2
#4
.2
e4
. 1
6
.5
.1
.6
"
.2
.3
.2
. 1
. i
.2
.6
.3
. i
. l
.2
. 6
.1
-
.
.6
.3
.l
. 1
.2
.2
m
.6
.7
5
2
2
1.0
.9
1.8
1 .5
.3
5
3
.2
_
_
13. 3
1 7. 2
1 7 .2
9. 0
8!5
2. 4
1 .5
. 1
-
. 'l
. 1
. 1
100.0
10. 2
.3
(*)
100 .0
0. 1
3 .0
.9
3 .2
2. 5
.4
2.0
1 .0
.5
1.0
.2
.2
W a s h in g
ton
38. 8
29. l
8. 4
.5
.3
( 2)
.3
.4
10 0.0
N ew
O rle a n s
2 7 .4
4. 9
10. 8
.9
.7
1.0
. 1
1 .0
.2
. 1
.4
1 0 0. 0
M ia m i
5 9 .2
4. 7
4. 4
2. 0
1 .4
4. 6
.2
.1
M e m p h is
_
.3
.4
.4
( 2)
.3
.1
.5
. 1
.2
100. 0
H o u s to n
1 .6
2. 1
1.0
.2
1. 1
.3
.4
.4
. 1
-
D a lla s —
F t . W o rth
I
-
_
_
. l
. 1
.2
. 1
-
.1
_
.
.4
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s -------------------------------
4 ,2 2 3
1, 970
4 ,9 5 5
2 2 ,3 4 1
4, 370
1, 878
2 ,9 6 8
2, 672
3 ,0 8 7
3, 174
1,0 20
1, 744
1 ,3 0 4
4, 763
A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 --------------------
$ 2 .8 2
$ 3 . 38
$ 3 .0 5
$ 4 .2 0
$ 3 .2 1
$ 2 . 81
$ 2 .4 3
$ 2 .4 5
$ 2 .2 7
$ 2 .4 0
$ 2 .4 4
$ 2 . 81
$ 2 .3 8
$ 2 .6 9
S ee f o o tn o te s a t e n d o f ta b l e .
Table 4.
Hourly earnings distribution:
M en —Continued
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f m e n s e r v i c e w o r k e r s i n c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s , 1 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
N o r th C e n t r a l
H o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1
T o t a l -------------------------------------------U n d e r $ 2 . 0 0 -------------------------------------------
W est
C h ic a g o
C le v e la n d
D e tro it
K an sas
C ity
Mi n n e a p o li s—
S t. P a u l
S t. L o u is
D en v er—
B o u ld e r
L os A n g e le sLong B each
1 0 0 .0
10 0.0
10 0 .0
100.0
1 0 0 .0
100 .0
100.0
100 .0
.4
1.8
.4
.7
2. 2
.9
1 .4
2 .5
.3
2. 6
.6
1.0
.6
.2
-
-
$ 2.00
$ 2 . 10
$ 2 . 20
$ 2 .3 0
$ 2 . 40
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 2 . 1 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 2 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 3 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 4 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 5 0 ------------------------
. 1
.7
5 .6
2. 6
1. 7
3 .3
.4
3 .5
_
. 1
$ 2 . 50
$ 2 . 60
$ 2 . 70
$ 2 . 80
$ 2.90
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 2 . 6 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 7 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 8 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 9 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 0 0 -------------------------
4 .4
1 .5
1 0 .3
1. 1
5 .9
.9
1 0 .0
6. 3
6 .9
1 .9
.8
1.0
2. 6
3. 1
25. 1
2. 1
21.2
$ 3 . 00
$ 3 .1 0
$ 3 . 20
$ 3 .3 0
$ 3 .4 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 3 . 1 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 2 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 3 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 4 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 5 0 -------------------------
1 1.0
$ 3 . 50
$ 3 . 60
$ 3 . 70
$ 3 . 80
$ 3 .9 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 3 . 6 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 7 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 8 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 9 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 0 0 -------------------------
2.6
1. 1
1.0
27. 6
$ 4 .0 0
$ 4 . 10
$ 4 .2 0
$ 4 . 30
$ 4 .4 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 4 . 1 0 -------------------------$ 4 . 2 0 -------------------------$ 4 . 3 0 ---------------------- —
$ 4 . 4 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 5 0 -------------------------
1 .4
. 1
.3
_
.7
.
.3
. 1
$ 4 . 60
$ 4 . 70
$ 4 . 80
$ 4 .9 0
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
$ 4 . 7 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 8 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 9 0 ------------------------$ 5 . 0 0 -------------------------
1.0
. 1
1.2
. 1
.2
. 1
.5
.4
.
.5
$ 5 . 00
$ 5 .2 0
$ 5 .4 0
$ 5 . 60
$ 5 .8 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 5. 2 0 ------------------------$ 5 . 4 0 ------------------------$ 5 . 6 0 ------------------------$ 5 . 8 0 ------------------------$ 6 . 0 0 -------------------------
.3
7 .9
.4
-
$ 6.00
$ 6.20
$ 6 .4 0
$ 6 . 60
$ 6 .8 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 6 . 2 0 ------------------------$ 6 . 4 0 ------------------------$ 6 . 6 0 ------------------------$ 6 . 8 0 ------------------------$ 7 . 0 0 -------------------------
_
-
$ 7 . 00 a n d o v e r --------------------------------------
.6
.3
3 .2
7. 1
1 .7
.7
1. 1
.2
57. 1
1 .7
1 .4
5 .0
.3
6 .9
1 3 .5
4 .0
1. 1
.6
2. 3
.7
.
-
.3
1 .4
.
7. 3
.3
.7
1.2
.3
1.0
.2
. 1
1 .4
.3
( 2)
( 2)
.
. 1
.
-
2.0
10. 1
2 .3
1 .9
1 .4
.9
.6
9 .7
1. 1
.6
2. 2
2.0
( 2)
-
9 .2
1 .5
4. 1
2. 6
. 1
( 2)
. 1
.1
.1
_
_
_
.7
2. 7
. 7
_
8. 8
8.6
3 .3
2. 1
.7
6.8
2. 8
.7
3. 7
1. 1
3 .9
1 1 .9
.4
.2
1. 1
-
.2
.5
.2
1.0
1.2
.8
.7
.2
.5
.5
.7
.4
.4
.8
( 2)
.4
3. 3
.3
.4
. 1
-
1 .3
.3
.5
.2
. 1
1.0
.
-
.
_
.
-
„
.3
-
_
.
_
.
-
_
.2
.6
.
_
.
-
-
.7
.3
.2
1 .5
_
.2
.5
_
.5
_
_
-
.4
.2
.2
.7
.3
.3
.3
.2
4. 0
.5
.3
.5
.2
.8
.2
.2
( 2)
_
.4
.6
.4
.3
m
.2
1.6
_
.6
1 .5
1 .5
.3
2 .9
2 9 .6
11 .0
1 .3
( 2)
( 2)
.9
4 .0
1 .4
.
. 1
2 .9
.7
.
1. 1
.8
1.0
100.0
3. 1
1 .9
5. 7
3 .0
.2
( 2)
S e a ttle —
E v e re tt
-
1 .4
.4
. 1
.1
.8
( 2)
.5
.5
.4
10 0.0
3. 1
1 6 .9
1 7 .9
1 .7
5 .4
4 .4
4. 1
.2
9 .4
8. 7
6 .4
.2
3 .5
.3
2. 3
. l
.9
. 1
-
.6
.6
.6
6. 7
6. 1
.3
.8
1 5 .5
4. 7
1 .4
2. 2
.4
. 1
_
. 1
. 1
.
.9
. 1
.8
4 .5
2 .4
1 2 .4
.3
5 .5
1. 7
1 3 .2
6. 5
5 .6
34. 7
3. 1
40. 6
( 2)
.3
. 1
.2
3
5 .9
10. 8
3 .3
.6
6.
-
San F r a n
c is c o O a k la n d
.8
5. 1
1 .9
22. 3
3. 7
4 .6
33. 8
9 .7
9 .7
.7
5 .5
. 1
.8
1 .0
3 1 .9
1 .9
3 .5
1. 1
. 1
1 .6
6.6
_
.5
1. 1
.3
-
2 .3
.7
.3
3. 1
.8
.5
-
.8
.2
3 .4
.4
.6
. 1
.6
_
-
1 .9
.5
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s -------------------------------
5 ,5 1 8
1 ,4 7 4
2, 703
1 ,4 0 0
2 ,4 3 4
2 , 120
1 ,8 1 0
8 ,9 8 8
5, 014
1, 714
A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 --------------------
$ 3 .6 6
$ 3 .4 0
$ 3 .3 4
$ 3 .0 8
$ 3 . 16
$ 2 . 64
$ 2 .7 9
$ 3 .2 5
$ 4 . 24
$ 3 .8 1
.6
1 Straight-tim e a verage earnings inform ation excludes premium pay fo r overtim e and
fo r w ork on weekends and holidays, but includes premium pay fo r la te.sh ift and hazardous
work, i f any.
.7
2 L ess than 0.05 percent,
NOTE:
Because o f rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal 100.
Table 5.
Hourly earnings distribution:
Women
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f w o m e n s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s , 1 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
*J o r t h e a s t
H o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1
B o sto n
T o t a l --------------------------------------------U n d e r $ 2 .0 0
-
100.0
-
$ 2.00
$ 2 . 10
$ 2 . 20
$ 2 . 30
$ 2 .4 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 2 . 1 0 ------$ 2 . 2 0 -----------------------$2. 30- - $2. 40— —
- _
$ 2 . 5 0 ------------------------
$2.
$2.
$2.
$2.
$2.
50
60
70
80
90
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$2.
$2.
$2.
$ 2.
$ 3.
$ 3 . 00
$ 3 . 10
$ 3 .2 0
$ 3 .3 0
$ 3 . 40
and
and
and
and
and
$3.
$3.
$3.
$3.
$3.
50
60
70
80
90
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
00
10
20
30
40
N assau —
N e w a rk
Su ffo lk
100.0
100.0
100. 0
S outh
P h ila
d e lp h ia
P itts
b u rg h
A tla n ta
B a l ti
m o re
100.0
D a lla s —
H o u s to n
F t . W o rth
M e m p h is
100.0
100.0
10 0 .0
-
-
-
-
5 .0
.3
3. 7
2 .9
9. 1
3 .0
1 0 .4
1 5 .5
12. 8
1.8
.2
1. 8
.6
.8
3 .4
2 .6
8.2
1 .1
72. 2
1 2 .5
3 .9
1. 2
-
7 7 .0
4. 6
7. 2
5 .5
2 .3
5 8 .4
8 .4
6 .5
3 .2
3 .0
5 9 .4
4. 7
1 0 .9
12 . 1
2 .4
70. 7
13. 7
4. 9
.8
. 1
8 0 .4
5 .2
3 .4
2. 6
37. 7
8. 8
.3
.8
. 1
.9
31. 1
5 .2
1 .4
1. 7
.1
2. 3
1 .4
( 2)
.4
5. 7
5 .0
.5
.2
.1
1 .9
.7
8 .6
6.2
15. 3
.5
1.0
1.6
4. 1
6 0 -----------------------7 0 -----------------------8 0 -----------------------9 0 -----------------------0 0 ------------------------
6 7 .9
5 .0
1 2 .4
.4
-
20 4
3 .5
10. 5
4 .8
6. 1
2 3 .4
8 .5
4 .2
under
under
under
under
under
$ 3 . 1 0 -----------------------$ 3 . 2 0 -----------------------$ 3 . 3 0 -----------------------$ 3 . 4 0 -----------------------$ 3. 5 0 ------------------------
1.0
1 .4
.2
1 .3
-
5. 1
1. 3
7 .3
_
2 .9
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$3.
$3.
$3.
$3.
$4.
6 0 -----------------------7 0 -----------------------8 0 -----------------------9 0 -----------------------0 0 ------------------------
.4
_
_
_
-
.6
2 .9
1. 3
.3
-
1 .0
1.0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
$4.
1 0-----------------------2 0 -----------------------3 0 -----------------------4 0 -----------------------5 0 ------------------------
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
.3
-
$ 4 . 50 a n d u n d e r $ 4 . 6 0 -----------------------$ 4 . 60 a n d u n d e r $ 4 . 7 0 -----------------------$ 4 . 70 a n d o v e r -------------------------------------
.
_
-
.6
_
-
_
-
.6
N ew
Y o rk
.6
.8
.8
.2
_
1 .3
_
.1
4 .9
. 1
1. 1
.9
.9
.9
.3
1.2
.9
1. 1
. 7
79. 6
1.0
.3
.3
.3
. 1
1.0
. 1
.5
-
1 .3
2 .8
1 .4
.7
1 .4
.3
.5
.2
.2
.3
_
.2
.5
_
.2
_
3. 1
.4
.2
.4
.3
_
-
2.0
( 2)
.3
. 1
( 2)
3 .5
2. 1
-
1.2
_
.4
-
1 .0
_
.8
.4
.1
( 2)
.2
-
.6
1 .0
. 1
.2
. 1
.4
_
_
1.2
2 .5
10 0 .0
.
66. 6
6. 3
8. 6
4. 8
.3
6. 0
.4
1 .5
.9
1. 6
1.2
10 0.0
5 5 .9
35. 9
2. 7
1 .7
.3
1.6
.8
.2
.3
. 1
_
.5
-
-
.4
-
_
.4
_
_
_
-
_
-
100.0
29. 2
29. 3
1 5 .4
1 0. 1
7. 5
3.
.
.
.
.
5
6
5
l
3
.9
.6
.6
.4
.2
.2
.6
.4
.3
.1
.1
. 1
_
. 1
W a s h in g
ton
_
.8
. 1
_
_
. 1
-
_
.6
_
_
_
-
-
-
10 0.0
. 1
-
-
_
_
1 .2
. 1
-
_
_
_
10 0 .0
N ew
O rle a n s
.7
.2
_
_
_
. 1
_
_
_
-
1 .5
. 1
_
_
_
10 0.0
M ia m i
_
_
_
.4
-
-
( ’)
-
-
-
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s -----------------------------
1, 347
314
2, 057
1 3 ,0 5 9
1, 843
993
2, 152
1, 366
2, 513
4 , 234
884
685
873
3, 934
A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 -------------------
$ 2 . 55
$ 2 . 74
$ 2 . 62
$ 3 .6 9
$ 2 . 62
$ 2 . 12
$ 2 . 11
$ 2 . 32
$ 2 . 15
$ 2 . 13
$ 2 . 10
$ 2 . 18
$ 2 . 11
$ 2 .2 5
S e e fo o tn o te s a t e n d o f ta b le .
-
Table 5.
Hourly earnings distribution:
( P e rc e n t d is trib u tio n
Women—Continued
o f w o m e n s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s , 1 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
N o rth C e n t r a l
H o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1
T o t a l ---------------------------------------------
C h ic a g o
C le v e la n d
D e tro it
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100. 0
U n d e r $ 2 . 0 0 -------------------------------------------
-
$ 2 . 00
$ 2 . 10
$ 2 . 20
$ 2 . 30
$ 2 .4 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 2 . 1 0 ----------------------$ 2 . 2 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 3 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 4 0 ------------------------$ 2 . 5 0 -------------------------
.8
$2.
$2.
$2.
$ 2.
$2.
50
60
70
80
90
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$2.
$2.
$2.
$ 2.
$3.
$ 3 .0 0
$ 3 .1 0
$ 3 .2 0
$ 3 .3 0
$ 3 .4 0
and
and
and
and
and
unde r
under
under
under
under
$ 3. 1 0 ------------------------$ 3. 2 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 3 0 ------------------------$ 3. 4 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 5 0 -------------------------
$ 3 . 50
$ 3 .6 0
$ 3 .7 0
$ 3 . 80
$ 3 .9 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$3. 60$ 3 . 7 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 8 0 ------------------------$ 3 . 9 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 0 0 -------------------------
.7
. 1
.
.9
-
$ 4 .0 0
$ 4 .1 0
$ 4 . 20
$ 4 . 30
$ 4 .4 0
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 4 . 1 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 2 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 3 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 4 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 5 0 -------------------------
.2
.2
. 1
.3
( 2)
.3
“
$ 4 . 50 a n d u n d e r $ 4 . 6 0 ------------------------$ 4 . 60 a n d u n d e r $ 4 . 7 0 — — $ 4 . 70 a n d o v e r —
- — — —
.4
( 2)
. 1
_
-
N um ber of w o rk e rs-
6 0 ------------------------7 0 ------------------------8 0 ------------------------9 0 ------------------------0 0 -------------------------
— -
A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 --------------------
W e st
K ansas
C ity
2.0
2. 7
1 .0
1.6
2. 5
1.2
-
-
-
1 2 .4
6. 3
2. 8
6 6 .3
1 .3
10. 6
1 .9
5. 7
1 3 .5
1.0
9. 6
21.0
1.8
5 .0
2. 7
_
„
.
_
_
_
_
_
1
2 .4
4. 3
1 0 .4
3. 3
4. 5
“
-
4. 8
5 .2
5 3. 6
2. 7
4. 5
9 .9
46. 2
2. 6
23. 6
4. 5
.
5 .9
3. 3
35. 1
6 .5
1 .4
.9
.
-
27. 6
5. 7
2 .9
14. 1
1. 8
3. 3
5 .0
.8
.
_
_
7 .0
3. 7
3. 1
1 .3
. 1
. 1
.9
.9
.4
.7
-
4. 7
2 0 .4
_
.5
-
1.6
. 1
.2
.2
.2
2 .5
28. 5
1 7 .9
1 .7
7. 0
.
_
_
1.2
1.2
. 1
_
. 1
. 1
-
1 .4
_
•
_
_
.5
.2
-
_
_
_
.4
-
_
_
•
.7
-
1.0
19. 8
35. 5
.
7. 0
7 .0
_
.
.7
_
_
.7
-
.5
.
_
( 2)
_
.
2. 3
.
-
.
.7
( 2)
.5
.
_
20. 3
.
1 .4
3. 0
8.
1.2
4 .9
10. 7
.2
-
.9
3
.7
1.2
68.
2 .9
1.
.
5.
.
1.
.3
-
.
“
_
.
-
1.2
6.8
1 .5
1.2
3
7
7
1
-
.3
.
1.0
.
_
.3
-
.
_
.
_
-
_
-
_
_
_
-
-
.
.2
-
1.6
1 .3
_
.7
.5
-
100.0
S e a ttle —
E v e re tt
100.0
4. 7
64. 0
14. 2
100. 0
San F r a n
c is c o O a k la n d
1 .4
1 .4
.6
1. 1
.3
. 1
1.0
.2
100 .0
L os A n g e le sLong B each
100.0
-
9. 1
S t. L o u is
D en v er—
B o u ld e r
-
.2
-
M in n e a p o li s—
S t. P a u l
“
100.0
1 .8
7 .0
2 5 .5
4 .4
7 .0
7 .0
20.8
1 .8
1 .8
10. 6
2 .9
.6
_
_
_
1 .8
-
-
3 ,3 4 7
1 ,8 5 2
1 ,8 2 5
704
4 22
1 ,0 5 4
1,221
2, 653
172
341
$ 3 . 16
$ 2.86
$ 2 . 77
$ 2 . 77
$ 2 .7 9
$ 2 .3 3
$ 2 .4 3
$ 2 .9 1
$ 3 . 86
$ 3 . 38
1 Straight-tim e average earnings information excludes premium pay fo r overtim e
and fo r w ork on weekends and holidays, but includes premium pay fo r la te-sh ift and
hazardous w ork, i f any.
2 L ess than 0.05 percent,
NOTE:
Because of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal 100.
Table 6. Weekly earnings and hours distribution: All workers
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k ly e a r n in g s a n d h o u r s w o rk e d ,
W e e k ly e a r n i n g s a n d w e e k ly
h o u rs w o rk e d 1
T o ta l-
N o rth Least
B o s to n
100. 0
N assauS uffolk
N e w a rk
24 s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
South
N ew
Y o rk
10 0.0
100.0
100.0
0. 3
0.1
2 .3
4 .6
4 .6
9 .0
0 .4
1. 3
3 .0
6 .3
15. 6
0.2
1.0
11 . 6
1 0. 1
2. 7
3 .8
2 .4
P h ila
d e lp h ia
P itts
b u rg h
100 .0
100.0
0. 2
2.0
3. 1
6 .5
7 .4
A tla n ta
1 0 0 .0
B a l ti
m o re
D a lla s —
F t . W o rth
H o u s to n
M e m p h is
M ia m i
N ew
O rle a n s
100.0
100.0
100.0
100. 0
100.0
4 .4
1 .5
2. 6
3. 1
12. 7
4 8 .8
1 .5
2 .3
3 .4
1.0
6. 1
7
6.8
11. 1
20.0
21.2
0 .5
1 .9
4 .9
1 3 .0
1 9 .6
2.
4.
9.
22.
24.
1 2 .5
8. 6
3 .2
6. 2
2. 1
13.
4.
4.
5.
1.
10 0 .0
W a s h in g
ton
10 0.0
W e e k ly e a r n i n g s
U n d e r $ 1 0 -----------------------$ 1 0 a n d u n d e r $ 2 0 ---------$ 2 0 a n d u n d e r $ 3 0 ---------$ 3 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 0 ---------$ 4 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 0 ---------$50
$60
$70
$80
and
and
and
and
$90 and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 6 0 ---------$ 7 0 ---------$ 8 0 ---------$ 9 0 ---------$ 1 0 0 --------
35. 7
12. 1
1 .5
2. 1
$ 1 00 a n d
$110 and
$120 and
$130 and
$140 and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 1 1 0 ------$ 1 2 0 ------$ 1 3 0 ------$ 1 4 0 ------$ 1 5 0 -------
$150
$160
$170
$180
and
and
and
and
$190 and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 1 6 0 ------$ 1 7 0 ------$ 1 8 0 ------$ 1 9 0 ------$ 2 0 0 -------
and
and
$220 and
$ 230 and
$240 and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 2 1 0 ----$ 2 2 0 -------
$200
$210
4. 8
9. 8
13. 7
$ 2 3 0 ------$ 2 4 0 ------$ 2 5 0 -------
$ 2 5 0 a n d o v e r ---------------- —
1.6
1 .0
11 .8
8 .9
6.1
3 .6
3 .5
9 .7
4 .2
5 .4
.9
1 .9
2. 1
2 .5
2.8
3 .6
.
3. 1
8 .4
8. 5
1 0.6
1 7 .4
1.6
4.
8.
18.
31.
7
2
1
9 .4
9 .0
5. 6
12. 0
6. 6
7
8 .4
6 .7
7 .2
2 .7
8.
5.
3.
5.
4.
8
8
6 .9
4. 7
1 6 .9
2 .4
5
2
5
2.0
2.2
6 .9
3. 2
3. 8
4 .9
5 .4
3. 1
4. 1
5. 3
1 .9
3. 1
2 .9
2 .5
8.
3 .8
5 .9
6 .3
6 .7
5. 1
4 .2
.5
6.2
2 .9
2.8
.2
3 .4
2 .9
5 .6
5 .4
7
3 .5
4 .4
3 .0
1. 1
.8
21.0
1 .7
1
1.2
.8
2 .3
1 .5
.5
.5
.5
.3
.5
.2
.6
1. 1
2. 1
.7
.7
.3
7. 0
10. 7
23. 3
9 .4
1 2 .4
4 .4
24. 9
4. 6
3 .2
5 .3
4 .5
6 .4
6 .3
22. 6
17. 2
12. 1
1 8 .3
1 5 .3
1 9 .9
32. 5
8.2
4 1 .2
2. 1
1 .7
9. 5
10 . 9
1 5 .4
10. 3
16 . 6
4. 8
27. 6
2. 8
8.0
6.8
3. 6
12 . 2
.8
.8
9 .5
.9
1.2
.
.
2.
.
3
1
_
.4
•
.4
.8
.3
. 1
.3
1 .3
6.0
1.6
3 .4
1 5 .7
4 .8
6 .7
5 .4
1 .3
2 .4
.5
2.8
.6
2.2
1. 1
3 .4
2 .3
4. 1
.7
.3
.6
1.8
. 7
1 .5
.6
.3
_
2.0
.4
.3
. 1
.6
(*)
1.0
.5
.5
1 .3
2 .4
.5
.3
1. 1
.2
.8
.2
.4
.7
( 2)
( 2)
.2
-
.2
. 1
.2
(2)
.6
1.2
1. 1
.9
.4
.2
.5
1 .0
.3
_
.1
t 2)
.3
_
6.2
2 1 .9
20.2
1 3 .6
7 .8
8. 1
3. 1
12. 1
1 2.8
6 .9
9 .5
2. 8
3. 7
3 .8
.9
.4
1.6
.8
1.8
5
3
3
2. 9
5 .0
5
14. 1
3 7 .3
6.
7
8 .4
3. 9
2. 7
3 .4
3 .0
2. 8
1.2
. 1
.6
.6
2. 8
1 .7
1.0
8
6
2
6
.4
.2
.4
. 1
. 1
.1
.6
1.2
.5
.6
.3
.2
.8
1 .3
1.2
. 1
.9
1 .5
.2
.5
„
-
-
-
.2
23. 1
20. 6
23. 1
5 .6
8. 5
15. 2
5 1 .9
6.2
7. 6
12. 6
.9
.3
2 .4
2. 2
7 .5
.5
. 1
.4
.3
6.
8
0
7
3 .5
4. 3
3 .9
2 .9
.2
.1
.2
.1
.1
-
5 .9
1 1. 1
24. 6
.2
.6
2. 2
1. 7
2
’. 3
.3
f 2)
.4
.2
.2
.2
.1
.3
.3
.2
-
.5
( 2)
.2
. 1
.1
o
. 1.
.1
W e e k ly h o u r s w o r k e d
U n d e r 15 h o u r s ---------------15
a n d u n d e r 20 h o u r s 20 a n d u n d e r 25 h o u r s ---25 a n d u n d e r 30 h o u r s ---30 a n d u n d e r 35 h o u r s ---35 a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s ----4 0 a n d u n d e r 45 h o u r s ---45 a n d u n d e r 50 h o u r s ----50 h o u r s a n d o v e r -----------
10 . 1
14. 7
4 1 .9
1 1 .5
2. 3
10 . 8
1 0 .4
18. 7
6 .5
12 . 6
4. 6
3 1 .3
3. 7
1 .3
11.8
7. 5
6 .5
2 4 .3
1 9 .3
1 4 .6
14. 0
13. 0
24. 9
1 1 .3
13. 1
7. 6
15. 2
.4
.5
1 0 .4
1 4 .0
9 .6
8. 7
4 .4
2 4 .2
3 .5
2 .5
17. 0
24. 2
2 6 .4
1 2 .9
- 5 .3
5. 6
7 .4
.9
.4
1 6 .2
17. 7
40. 7
4. 3
3 .0
$56. 00
22. 8
2 .0
10. 3
5 .4
2 1 .5
3 .0
4 .0
A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s
$ 6 4 .5 0
$9 6 .5 0
$8 6 . 0 0
$134.00
$ 8 9 .5 0
$ 7 0 .0 0
$ 5 3 .0 0
$ 5 3 .0 0
$ 4 8 .0 0
$ 6 2 .5 0
$ 5 8 .0 0
$ 7 4 .0 0
$ 5 0 .0 0
A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s ---N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s ----------
2 3 .5
5 ,5 7 0
29.0
2 9 .5
2 7 .0
2, 871
23. 0
5, 120
21.5
4, 038
5 ,6 0 0
2 7 .5
7 ,4 0 8
25. 5
1 ,9 0 4
2 8 .0
2 ,4 2 9
22. 0
7 ,0 1 2
2 9 .5
6 ,2 1 3
22.0
2 ,2 8 4
3 3 .5
3 5 ,4 0 0
S e e f o o tn o te s a t e n d o f ta b le .
1.2
17. 6
.2
.5
1 0.0
8.8
1 4 .3
3 .4
1.2
2 , 177
2.8
13. 1
1 .4
.9
22. 5
697
8,
Table 6. Weekly earnings and hours distribution: All workers—Continued
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s i n c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s a n d h o u r s w o r k e d , 1 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
N o rth C e n t r a l
W e e k ly e a r n i n g s a n d w e e k ly
h o u r s w o r k e d 12
T o t a l ---------------------------------------------
W e st
C h ic a g o
C le v e la n d
D e tro it
K ansas
C ity
100.00
100 .0
100. 0
10 0.0
1.6
0.2
1. 1
1. 8
0 .4
0 .8
0. 7
2. 6
1 3 .2
5 .9
7. 5
1 4 .4
9 .2
12. 5
8 .9
2. 1
4 .4
7. 1
10. 3
21. 1
14. 1
18. 3
1 5 .6
7 .0
4. 1
3. 1
3. 7
17. 2
14. 7
2. 5
1 .4
1. 6
1 5 .2
10. 1
6 .4
4. 5
3 .5
1 3 .0
9 .5
4 .9
4. 1
6. 7
3
7. 3
4 .5
4 .4
5. 1
4 .6
9. 1
2 .4
1 .5
2. 2
1 .4
2. 3
3 .5
2 .4
4 .5
6. 3
1.6
7. 1
2 .9
1. 1
6. 1
5 .9
2 4 .4
7. 3
3 .3
.8
1 .0
1.2
5 .4
1. 6
1. 1
M in n e a p o lis —
S t. P a u l
San F r a n
c is corO a k la n d
S t. L o tu s
D en v er—
B o u ld e r
L os A n g e le sLong B each
100 .0
100 .0
10 0 .0
100 .0
100.0
1. 1
4 .3
0 .3
2. 9
3. 3
4 .3
5 .8
2.6
1. 1
2.2
S e a ttle —
E v e re tt
1 0 0 .0
W e e k ly e a r n i n g s
U n d e r $ 1 0 ----------------------------------------------$ 1 0 a n d u n d e r $ 2 0 -------------------------------$ 2 0 a n d u n d e r $ 3 0 -------------------------------$ 3 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 0 --------------------------------$ 4 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 0 --------------------------------
.7
1 .5
2 .5
6. 1
$50
$60
$70
$80
$90
5 .3
5 .6
2. 8
4. 6
4. 1
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 6 0 -------------------------------$ 7 0 -------------------------------$ 8 0 -------------------------------$ 9 0 -------------------------------$ 1 0 0 -------------------------------
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 1 3 0 ----------------------------$ 1 4 0 ----------------------------$ 1 5 0 -----------------------------
$ 150 and
and
$170 and
$180 and
$190 and
under
under
under
under
tin d e r
$ 1 6 0 ----------------------------$ 1 7 0 ----------------------------$ 1 8 0 ----------------------------$ 1 9 0 ----------------------------$ 2 0 0 -----------------------------
1 2 .4
and
and
$2 2 0 and
$2 3 0 and
$240 and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 2 1 0 ----------- ----------------$ 2 2 0 -----------------------------
$100
$ 110
$120
$130
$140
$160
$200
$210
$ 1 1 0 ----------------------------$ 1 2 0 -----------------------------
$ 2 3 0 ----------------------------$ 2 4 0 ----------------------------$ 2 5 0 -----------------------------
$ 2 5 0 a n d o v e r ---------------------------------------
6.0
1 3 .5
3 .9
15. 7
2.8
4 .4
7. 2
7. 7
4 .5
8.0
5 .2
32. 1
5 .2
7. 3
7. 7
1 .7
.3
3 .6
5. 7
6.8
7 .0
7 .0
6 .9
9 .3
6.0
7. 7
17. 1
1 0.2
1 .7
.8
.2
.4
2.0
.4
.6
1 .4
.2
2 .0
.3
.3
.5
.4
.2
1.2
.3
1 .3
.5
.3
.2
2.8
.2
1.0
1 .2
.6
.2
.2
.7
.2
2 .4
.3
1. 1
6 .4
6. 1
1 1 .4
5. 7
9 .7
1 0 .5
.5
.9
.4
.2
_
.
_
6.8
1.2
1 .2
.3
.4
. 1
„
.2
.2
.4
-
1 .3
1 .4
.8
.3
.3
.9
.4
(*>
.3
.
.3
.2
8.0
.8
.9
.9
(*)
.6
.6
.6
.3
.
.
_
.2
-
6.
1. 7
.6
.7
.9
0. 7
1 .5
1 .9
2. 2
2.6
3 .2
1 .7
2 .4
1.8
1 .5
3 .5
1 1 .3
6. 1
3 1 .6
4. 7
7 .4
1. 1
18. 9
4. 8
3. 1
2 .9
4. 6
5 .0
9 .4
5 .7
3. 3
1. 9
4. 3
7 .4
2. 7
9 .8
9. 7
1 .5
1. 1
1. 1
-
.6
1 .2
2 .5
.3
.4
.3
.4
2.2
3 .2
.4
.4
.3
-
.4
1 .7
-
8. 5
4 .2
.4
1.0
1.0
.2
W e e k ly h o u r s w o r k e d
U n d e r 15 h o u r s -------------------------------------15 a n d u n d e r 20 h o u r s ------- -----------------20 a n d u n d e r 25 h o u r s -------------------------25 a n d u n d e r 30 h o u r s -------------------------30 a n d u n d e r 35 h o u r s -------------------------35 a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s ------------------------—
4 0 a n d u n d e r 4 5 h o u r s ----------------- —-----4 5 a n d u n d e r 50 h o u r s -------------------------50 h o u r s a n d o v e r ---------------------------------
6.0
8 .6
8 .3
15. 6
3 9 .7
4. 3
3 2 .2
14. 1
1 8 .6
.5
. 1
2.2
1 6 .2
13. 8
2 6 .4
1 3 .5
9. 1
4 .9
12. 6
2 .3
1 9 .3
1 6 .9
2 4 .8
10 . 6
8 .3
4 .5
14. 1
.9
1.0
5 .9
3 .4
5 .4
1 9 .8
1 .3
.8
2 1 .5
1 6 .3
30. 8
4 .2
3 .9
5 .0
1 7 .0
.9
.4
1.2
.6
.3
.9
.4
3 1 .3
8 .9
13. 8
5. 3
8 .3
9 .0
23. 5
. 1
-
$ 68.00
$ 7 1 .0 0
$ 6 2 .5 0
$ 6 2 .5 0
$ 101.00
$ 1 4 5 .5 0
$ 8 6 . 50
2 3 .0
2 ,8 5 6
2 4 .5
3, 174
2 3 .5
3 ,0 3 1
3 2 .0
11, 641
3 4 .5
5, 186
2 3 .0
2 ,0 5 5
11 . 6
1 0 .0
9 .5
1 1 .9
1 0 .4
7 .6
3 7 .0
.9
A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s ---------------------
$ 1 4 .5 0
$ 9 1 .5 0
$ 9 3 .5 0
A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s —--------- -— ------- N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s ------------------------------
3 3 .0
8 ,8 6 5
2 9 .5
3 ,3 2 6
3 0 .0
4 ,5 2 8
26. 9
20.6
1 6.0
2 3 .0
2, 104
1 S t r a i g h t - t i m e a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s i n f o r m a t io n e x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e
a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o l id a y s , b u t in c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e - s h i f t a n d
h a z a r d o u s w o r k , if a n y .
2 L e s s th a n 0. 05 p e r c e n t .
9 .3
7 .9
11. 7
6.6
6.6
2.0
5 .1
8. 1
48. 9
68.0
2.2
4 .5
4 .9
N O T E : B e c a u s e of ro u n d in g , s u m s of in d iv id u a l i te m s m a y n o t e q u a l 100. W e ek ly
e a r n i n g s w e r e r o u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o l l a r a n d h o u r s to th e n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r ,
Table 7. Weekly earnings and hours distribution:
Men
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f m e n s e r v i c e w o r k e r s i n c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s a n d h o u r s w o r k e d , 1 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
N o rth e a s t
W e e k ly e a r n i n g s a n d w e e k ly
h o u rs w o rk e d 1
T o t a l -------------------------------------------
B o s to n
10 0.0
N assauS u ffo lk
N ew
Y o rk
S o u th
P h ila
d e lp h ia
P itts
b u rg h
A tla n ta
100.0
100 .0
100.0
100.0
10 0 .0
.2
.2
2.0
3 .4
7 .0
8.0
2. 3
3 .0
9. 3
9 .4
7 .9
14. 3
1 .5
4. 6
7. 6
15. 1
27. 7
4 .2
7 .0
1 1 .9
20. 6
2 0 .9
1 1 .7
8. 6
7 .5
4 .4
5 .4
2 .5
4. 1
1 .9
2 .5
1 .9
7. 6
5 .9
5 .2
6 .5
6. 0
6 .9
5. 1
7 .3
5. 7
3 .9
10. 3
6 .9
4 .4
5. 1
4. 8
6.8
6. 8
6. 5
3. 2
1 .5
3. 7
2.6
3. 6
6 .9
4. 1
5. 5
7. 1
2. 6
2.0
2 .9
2. 1
2 .9
3 .9
3 .0
3. 8
6. 1
8.0
7. 6
1 .9
3. 5
.7
1 .4
2. 7
N e w a rk
100.0
100.0
.2
.3
1 .3
3 .0
5 .5
12. 5
B a lti
m o re
D a lla s —
H o u s to n
F t . W o rth
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1. 7
3 .2
1 .5
2 .5
4 .0
M e m p h is
100 .0
M ia m i
10 0 .0
N ew
O rle a n s
100. 0
W a s h in g
to n
10 0 .0
W e e k ly e a r n i n g s
U n d e r $ 1 0 --------------------------------------------$ 1 0 a n d u n d e r $ 2 0 -------------------------------$ 2 0 a n d u n d e r $ 3 0 -------------------------------$ 3 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 0 -------------------------------$ 4 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 0 --------------------------------
.2
1. 1
5 .2
10. 5
14. 3
$50
$60
$70
$80
$ 90
$ 6 0 -------------------------------$ 7 0 -------------------------------$ 8 0 -------------------------------$ 9 0 -------------------------------$ 1 0 0 -----------------------------
30. 7
1 0. 6
1 .7
1 .9
1. 3
1 0. 1
8.0
2. 6
-6
3 .8
5 .8
7 .2
7 .0
6. 7
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
2. 1
4 .5
4 .5
8.2
5 .9
3 .5
3 .7
$ 100
$ 110
$120
$ 130
$140
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 1 1 0 ---------------------------$ 1 2 0 ---------------------------$ 1 3 0 ---------------------------$ 1 4 0 ---------------------------$ 1 5 0 ----------------------------
$150
$ 160
$170
$180
$190
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 1 6 0 ---------------------------$ 1 7 0 ---------------------------$ 1 8 0 ---------------------------$ 1 9 0 ---------------------------$ 2 0 0 ----------------------------
.3
.4
. 1
3. 6
. 1
4 .0
5. 1
3 .5
1 .3
1 .4
and
and
$220 and
$ 230 and
$240 and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 2 1 0 --------------------------$ 2 2 0 ----------------------------
_
.
.6
1. 0
$ 2 3 0 ---------------------------$ 2 4 0 ---------------------------$ 2 5 0 ----------------------------
.6
$200
$210
$ 2 5 0 a n d o v e r ----------------------------------------
1 0 .9
1.2
1 .5
.
-
.3
.1
.3
5 .2
1.0
2 .4
1. 1
.7
.7
.4
.6
.2
.7
1 .9
2.2
3 3 .3
3 .4
2 .3
2.0
3 .9
.5
1.0
1.6
2.2
1. 1
1.0
3. 1
. 8
.7
.7
.5
.2
1 .5
.5
.9
.7
.5
1 .7
.4
.2
. 1
.6
.3
.2
.3
2.2
6.0
1.0
1 .5
.7
8 .3
4 .8
6.0
1 .6
2.0
.6
.6
1. 1
.7
.4
.6
5 .8
4 .7
3. 1
.7
.3
.5
.9
.3
.9
.6
2. 2
. 1
.9
8.6
7. 7
7 .2
3. 7
( 2)
.2
.2
-
.3
.5
.3
.5
.6
.3
5 .4
4. 1
1.6
1 .3
2. 1
.2
3
8
1
0
2
8. 3
4 .3
2. 6
3 .5
4 .0
4 .4
1. 8
.2
.8
1. 1
3. 8
2 .4
4 .4
2 .4
.8
.3
1 .4
1. 1
.9
. 1
.6
_
-
_
_
_
1.8
2 .4
.4
.5
.5
. 1
.3
.2
.2
( 2)
-
.2
.3
.6
-
-
.5
-
.7
.2
.3
1 1 .4
1 2 .3
17. 2
8. 7
8. 1
3 .5
3 0 .9
4 .9
3 .0
18. 3
21.5
2 2 .4
12. 3
6. 8
6. 7
9. 8
1 .4
2. 7
1 6 .4
10. 0
18. 8
9 .7
1 6 .9
7 .4
20. 2
.4
.3
1 9.2
10. 1
14. 3
6 .9
8 .3
5 .4
25. 6
4 .4
5 .9
14. 7
17. 3
29. 6
8 .9
8. 3
3 .4
1 5 .4
1. 1
1 .3
5 .4
4 .4
5 .6
4 .3
5
19. 3
-
9 .8
7. 1
1 0 .4
2 0 .4
7. 3
1 1. 8
4 .0
28. 6
12.
5.
5.
7.
2.
1 6 .9
3. 5
2. 7
4. 3
5. 1
2. 7
4 .5
5 .8
12. 7
3 1 .0
-
12. 1
10. 8
1 0 .4
1 5 .9
6 .4
12. 3
4. 6
3 3 .9
4. 1
1 .5
1 1 .4
7 .8
3 .2
5. 6
2. 1
1 9 .8
8
8
6
-
.6
10 . 9
15. 6
3 7 .0
10 . 0
2. 7
1 1 .4
1 6 .0
6 .5
10. 7
3. 6
6.0
4 4 .9
2.2
( 2)
1. 1
3. 3
.1
.4
2.
4.
9.
18.
20.
9
4 .9
11 . 1
14. 3
.3
.2
.5
. 1
1.0
1. 6
.3
-
. 1
.5
3
7
5
3
.6
8.
5.
7.
18.
..
_
(*)
1.5
2.2
2. 2
2 .7
3 .0
1 .4
.9
5 .2
1.2
1. 1
1 .0
.6
5. 1
1 .5
5 .4
2.8
11.0
.2
_
W e e k ly h o u r s w o r k e d
U n d e r 15 h o u r s ------------------------------------15 a n d u n d e r 20 h o u r s -------------------------20 a n d u n d e r 25 h o u r s -------------------------25 a n d u n d e r 30 h o u r s -------------------------30 a n d u n d e r 35 h o u r s -------------------------35 a n d u n d e r 40 h o u r s —
4 0 a n d u n d e r 45 h o u r s —
4 5 a n d u n d e r 50 h o u r s -------------------------50 h o u r s a n d o v e r ---------------------------------
1.6
2 1 .3
.3
.6
A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s --------------------- $ 6 8 . 0 0
A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s ------N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s -------------------------------
S ee f o o tn o te s a t e n d o f t a b le .
2 4 .0
4 , 223
6.2
6 .9
6 1 .5
3 .2
4. 3
2.6
1 4 .5
8 .4
9. 8
4 .9
3 3 .9
3. 8
2. 7
$ 101.00
$ 9 3 .5 0
$ 1 4 9 .5 0
$ 9 7 . 00
$ 8 0 . 00
3 0 .0
1 ,9 7 0
3 0 .5
4 ,9 5 5
3 5 .5
22, 341
30. 0
4 , 370
2 8 .5
1, 878
6.2
.4
9 .0
1 3 .8
49. 8
10. 7
2 .9
2. 3
10. 5
.7
.3
.6
15. 3
1 6 .2
3 5 .0
4. 2
3 .9
3 .0
1 8 .5
2 .4
1 .4
$ 5 9 .5 0
$ 5 4 .0 0
$ 5 1 .0 0
$ 6 9 . 00
$ 6 4 .0 0
$ 8 2 . 50
$ 5 5 .0 0
$ 6 4 . 50
24. 5
2 ,9 6 8
22.0
2 2 .5
3 ,0 8 7
2 8 .5
3, 174
2 6 .0
29. 5
1, 744
23. 0
1 ,3 0 4
2 4 .0
4, 763
2 3 .8
22.2
22. 2
5 .6
5 .8
5. 1
1 3 .8
1.2
2, 672
8. 7
6 .3
2 4 .2
1 7 .4
1 0 .0
6.8
18. 1
6.0
1,0 20
Table 7.
Weekly earnings and hours distribution:
Men—Continued
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f m e n s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s 1an d h o u r s w o r k e d , 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
N o r th C e n t r a l
W e e k ly e a r n i n g s a n d w e e k ly
h o u rs w o rk e d 1
T o t a l ---------------------------------------------
W est
D e tro it
K ansas
C ity
M in n e a p o lis —
S t. P a u l
S t. L o u is
100.0
1 0 0 .0
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
100.0
1 0 0 .0
. 1
1. 7
2 .4
5 .4
8 .9
.5
2. 6
3 .8
5 .3
5. 7
.5
17. 1
7. 1
5. 7
10. 8
.6
1 .5
4. 6
7. 1
10. 3
1 8 .2
4. 5
7. 7
13. 1
1 8 .0
5 .2
7. 1
7 .9
7 .6
13. 1
7. 6
4 .2
3. 1
3. 5
1 5 .5
14. 3
2. 6
9. 6
3. 1
1 .5
2. 7
3 .5
2. 7
5 .3
C h ic a g o
C le v e la n d
100.0
2 .4
.9
D en v er—
B o u ld e r
L os A n g e le sLong B each
1 0 0 .0
San F r a n
c is c o O a k la n d
100.0
S e a ttle —
E v e re tt
1 0 0 .0
W e e k ly e a r n i n g s
U n d e r $ 1 0 ---------------------------------------------$ 1 0 a n d u n d e r $ 2 0 -------------------------------$ 2 0 a n d u n d e r $ 3 0 -------------------------------$ 3 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 0 -------------------------------$ 4 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 0 -------------------------------$50
$60
$70
$80
$90
and
and
and
and
and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 6 0 -------------------------------$ 7 0 -------------------------------$ 8 0 -------------------------------$ 9 0 -------------------------------$ 1 0 0 ------------------------------
$100 and
$110 and
$ 120 a n d
$130 and
$140 and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 1 1 0 ----------------------------$ 1 2 0 ----------------------------$ 1 3 0 ----------------------------$ 1 4 0 ---------------------------$ 1 5 0 -----------------------------
$150
$160
$170
$180
and
and
and
and
$190 and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 1 6 0 ----------------------------$ 1 7 0 ----------------------------$ 1 8 0 ----------------------------$ 1 9 0 ----------------------------$ 2 0 0 -----------------------------
and
and
$220 and
$230 and
$240 and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 2 1 0 ----------------------------$ 2 2 0 -----------------------------
$200
$210
2. 1
3 .2
6.8
6 .6
6 .4
3. 1
3. 6
3 .9
1 .2
25. 1
3 .8
6 .9
2.8
2.0
11 . 1
3 .9
10 . 6
3. 6
1 9 .2
3. 1
2.0
2 .9
.6
.5
2.0
.7
3 .0
.7
.2
6.6
6 .4
5. 7
5. 7
7 .0
12. 0
1 5 .0
2. 7
1 .3
.6
1. 1
.5
.3
.6
.5
.8
1.8
.5
.4
.4
1 .7
6. 3
1.0
1.8
1. 1
$ 2 3 0 ----------------------------$ 2 4 0 ----------------------------$ 2 5 0 -----------------------------
1.0
.3
.5
$ 2 5 0 a n d o v e r ----------------------------------------
3 .8
.7
1.8
3. 1
1.0
1 .5
1. 7
1 .3
.4
.6
.4
_
7.
9.
1 1.
7.
1
7
8
1
2 .6
1.6
1.8
7 .8
2. 3
1.8
2.0
1.2
6 .3
1 .9
1 .4
1 .4
.4
1 .5
.5
.4
1 .4
.5
( 2)
.3
_. 2
-
.2
.2
1.8
.6
-
.3
14. 1
9. 7
4. 8
4 .8
4 .4
.6
_
1.0
11. 2
10. 1
4 .4
3. 8
4. 7
8 .6
4. 1
.8
1 .3
1 .3
1 .5
. 1
1 .0
1.0
1.0
.5
.5
-
_
_
.3
.3
-
.
3.
3.
3.
5.
2
0
3
9
7
.8
2. 5
1.1
2. 2
.9
19. 8
4. 1
3. 1
1 .4
2.2
3
4
9
1
1 .9
2. 2
2 .4
3 .0
1 .7
4.
5.
9.
6.
4. 7
5. 9
2 .4
1 .9
22. 8
8. 3
1 .2
1. 5
3. 5
6. 7
2. 5
10. 6
6. 0
7.
4.
4.
4.
8
0
5
0
2.2
4. 1
3. 5
10. 7
2. 1
.8
.8
1.2
.8
6. 3
32. 6
4. 8
7 .0
1 .3
1 1.0
1.8
3. 3
.4
.5
.4
.5
2 .3
.4
1.2
.6
1 .7
.
8 .6
11.0
8 .4
4 .3
6 .3
6 .9
4. 8
7. 6
4 9 .7
2. 6
.4
4 .5
4 .6
6 8 .5
.9
.4
3 1 .8
8. 3
14. 1
5 .0
6 .5
1 .0
3 .3
.4
1 3
1.’ 3
.3
.5
.4
W e e k ly h o u r s w o r k e d
U n d e r 15 h o u r s ------------------------------------15 a n d u n d e r 20 h o u r s -------------------------20 a n d u n d e r 25 h o u r s -------------------------25 a n d u n d e r 30 h o u r s -------------------------30 a n d u n d e r 35 h o u r s -------------------------35 a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s -------------------------4 0 a n d u n d e r 45 h o u r s -------------------------45 a n d u n d e r 50 h o u r s -------------------------50 h o u r s a n d o v e r ----------------------------------
8.8
7 .3
12.2
7 .2
13. 8
6. 1
5 .9
5. 5
43. 7
5 .6
3 .3
12 . 1
10 . 6
8 .4
2 7 .5
7 .5
2 5 .5
.9
. 1
9 .2
8 .9
1 0. 1
10. 8
8 .4
3 7 .5
1. 3
1 .5
3 0 .4
16. 6
1 4 .4
6 .4
3 .2
5. 7
20. 7
1 .4
1. 1
20. 7
15. 7
2 8 .0
4 .6
4 .5
5. 7
.4
1.6
1.0
.8
A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s ---------------------
$ 119.00
$ 9 9 .0 0
$ 1 0 1 .0 0
$ 7 0 .5 0
$ 7 4 .5 0
$ 6 7 .5 0
$ 6 6 .5 0
$ 1 0 4 .5 0
$ 1 4 6 .5 0
$ 88.00
A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s -------------------------N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s -------------------------------
3 2 .5
5 ,5 1 8
2 9 .0
1 ,4 7 4
3 0 .5
2 , 703
2 3 .0
1 ,4 0 0
2 3 .5
2 ,4 3 4
2 5 .5
2 , 120
2 4 .0
1 ,8 1 0
3 2 .0
8 ,9 8 8
34. 5
5 ,0 1 4
2 3 .0
1, 714
S t r a i g h t- t im e a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s in f o r m a tio n e x c lu d e d p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e
a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o l id a y s , b u t in c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r l a t e - s h i f t a n d
h a z a r d o u s w o r k , if a n y .
2 L e s s t h a n 0 .0 5 p e r c e n t .
1 9 .2
1. 1
1 6 .0
1 4 .6
23. 1
11 . 6
8 .3
5 .8
1 5 .9
3 .2
1 9 .2
1 7 .8
2 2 .4
10. 9
9 .3
4 .5
14. 1
8 .5
2.0
8.6
2 5 .4
. 1
N O T E : B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l i t e m s m a y n o t e q u a l 1 00. W e ek ly
e a r n i n g s w e r e ro u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o l la r a n d h o u r s to th e n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r ,
Table 8.
W eekly earnings and hours distribution:
Women
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f w o m e n s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s a n d h o u r s w o r k e d , 1 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
W e e k ly e a r n i n g s a n d w e e k ly
h o u rs w o rk e d 1
T o ta l
N o rth e a s t
B o s to n
1 0 0 .0
N assau —
Suffolk
1 0 0 .0
N e w a rk
S outh
N ew
Y o rk
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.6
.2
1. 1
P h ila
d e lp h ia
P itts
b u rg h
A tla n ta
B a l ti
m o re
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
.3
2 .5
5 .6
6. 2
1 5 .5
2 3 .3
1 .8
5 .0
9 .2
2 2 .4
3 7 .3
5 .0
6 .5
9 .7
18. 7
21.7
3 .0
6 .4
2 3 .4
7 .0
3. 8
2 .9
1 6 .9
20. 8
1 .1
17. 3
1 .7
1 0 .0
1 .8
2. 1
8 .0
8 .8
2. 6
.5
2. 1
.6
3 .2
.4
.2
. 1
D a lla s —
H o u s to n
F t . W o rth
M e m p h is
M ia m i
100. 0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 .2
1 .5
1 .9
3 .5
1 4 .7
5 3 .6
2. 1
1 .5
3 .5
.6
1 .0
6 .2
5. 1
1 8 .0
33. 1
N ew
O rle a n s
W a s h in g
to n
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
2 .6
3 .2
5. 6
7 .4
1 5 .9
44. 9
W e e k ly e a r n i n g s
U n d e r $ 1 0 ---------------------------------------------$ 10 a n d u n d e r $ 2 0 -------------------------------$ 2 0 a n d u n d e r $ 3 0 -------------------------------$ 3 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 0 -------------------------------$ 4 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 0 -------------------------------$ 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 6 0 --------------------------------
.3
.8
3 .6
7 .6
1 1 .6
5 1 .4
16. 7
22. 6
.7
.1
1 5 .0
7 .0
4. 1
2 .9
.7
5. 1
3 .8
6 .4
.2
.1
1 .0
1 .0
$ 8 0 a n d u n d e r $ 9 0 -------------------------------$ 9 0 a n d u n d e r $ 1 0 0 ------------------------------
_
3 .5
5. 7
5. 1
1 4 .0
1. 1
3 .0
8. 1
2 3 .2
3 .2
6 .3
1 1 .4
1 3 .9
1 4 .9
3 .7
5 .3
3. 3
3 .3
3 .2
3 .4
13. 7
1 6 .2
6 .5
2 5 .0
7 .9
1 2 .3
14. 6
5 .4
.4
4 .3
2 .3
5 .4
4. 1
4 .0
1 .9
1 .7
.5
.9
4 .2
39. 1
8. 1
1 1 .5
3 .3
8 .0
1 .8
1 .0
.8
.6
. 1
.9
.5
5 .0
3 .3
.2
1 .6
4 .6
.7
4. 7
.9
. 1
.4
(*)
.
.
.
.
-
. 1
. 1
_
•
-
.2
-
-
8 .7
1 3 .4
1 6 .0
2 5 .8
$ 100 a n d
$110 and
$ 120 a n d
$ 1 3 0 and
$1 4 0 and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 1 1 0 ---------------------------$ 1 2 0 ---------------------------$ 1 3 0 ---------------------------$ 1 4 0 ---------------------------$ 1 5 0 ----------------------------
$150
$ 160
$170
$ 180
under
under
under
under
under
$ 1 6 0 ---------------- —--------$ 1 7 0 ---------------------------$ 1 8 0 ---------------------------$ 1 9 0 ---------------------------$ 2 0 0 ----------------------------
_
_
.
-
.
-
- 1
a n d o v e r --------------------------------------
-
-
-
and
and
and
and
$190 and
$200
“
5. 1
2 .9
.6
.3
2 .0
1. 7
1 .9
2. 8
.2
.2
6 .6
6 .2
.9
1
1
1
l
1 0 .2
2 .5
.5
6 .6
4 .0
1 5 .2
3 1 .9
1 2 .9
9 .2
7 .4
8 .1
1 .8
.2
. 1
1 .6
. 1
4 .2
7 .9
27. 7
30. 1
1 5 .3
10. 7
3. 2
7. 7
1 .9
1 5 .8
3 .0
2 .9
3 .7
2 .5
#1
[1
!i
-
.6
.2
.4
.7
.5
-
1 .0
.8
.2
.8
8 .4
3 .4
2 .9
3. 3
1 .7
.7
. 1
_
_
.4
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
_
. 1
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
.4
-
-
1 5 .0
2 8 .2
3 2 .3
1 3 .7
3. 1
3 .8
3 .8
.i
-
17. 2
1 9 .4
47. 5
4 .4
(*)
(*)
_
. 1
_
.3
_
_
_
(*)
&
W e e k ly h o u r s w o r k e d
U n d e r 15 h o u r s ------------------------------------15 a n d u n d e r 20 h o u r s ------------- —--------20 a n d u n d e r 25 h o u r s -------------------------25 a n d u n d e r 30 h o u r s --------------------- ■
30 a n d u n d e r 35 h o u r s -------------------------35 a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s -------------------------4 0 a n d u n d e r 4 5 h o u r s ------------------------4 5 a n d u n d e r 50 h o u r s ------------------------50 h o u r s a n d o v e r - -------- —---- --------- —
7 .3
1 2 .0
5 7 .2
16. 1
1 .1
.2
6 .1
.
-
1 0 .8
1 0 .8
3 6 .0
7 .0
1 4 .3
4 .5
1 5 .3
1 .3
-
6 .9
1 1 .4
3 0 .2
14. 6
1 4 .0
5 .4
1 5 .9
.8
.8
5 .2
4 .8
7 .7
9 .6
5 0 .6
1 5 .2
6 .4
.3
. 1
1 7 .4
1 4 .8
3 2 .6
4 .7
1 2 .7
.4
.4
8 .2
1 6 .3
2 3 .5
3 6 .6
1 0 .8
6 .8
14. 1
5 .5
13. 7
.3
.4
4 .7
3 .9
7 .8
.4
•1
2 1 .8
1 7 .5
2 4 .8
5 .8
7. 1
1 2 .6
10 . 1
7 .8
1 7 .0
5 4 .6
13. 1
1 .7
2 .0
.3
-
3 .8
. l
-
6 .6
6 .7
2 4 .4
2 0 .8
1 8 .0
1 0 .4
1 1 .5
1 .6
. 1
1 1 .3
1 6 .4
3 1 .9
1 3 .2
8 .7
7 .8
9 .4
.5
7 .9
1 8 .4
3 6 .9
.8
1 .2
1 2 .0
10 . 1
6 .6
7 .0
_
2 .0
2. 6
6 .5
.2
.2
A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s --------------------
$ 5 4 .0 0
$ 6 8 .5 0
$ 6 8 .5 0
$ 1 0 7 .5 0
$ 7 1 .0 0
$ 5 1 .0 0
$ 4 4 . 50
$ 5 2 .0 0
$ 4 4 . 50
$ 5 7 .5 0
$ 5 1 .0 0
$ 5 1 .0 0
$ 4 3 .0 0
$ 4 5 .5 0
A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s ------------------------N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s ------— -------------------
2 1 .0
2 5 .0
314
2 6 .0
2 ,0 5 7
2 9 .0
2 7 .0
1 ,8 4 3
2 4 .0
993
2 1 .0
2 2 .5
1 ,3 6 6
2 0 .5
2, 513
2 7 .0
4 ,2 3 4
2 4 .5
884
2 3 .5
685
2 0 .5
873
3 ,9 3 4
S e e f o o tn o te s a t e n d o f t a b le .
1 ,3 4 7
1 3 ,0 5 9
2, 152
2 0 .0
Table 8.
Weekly earnings and hours distribution:
Women—Continued
( P e r c e n t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f w o m e n s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s a n d h o u r s w o r k e d , 1 24
N o rth C e n t r a l
W e e k ly e a r n i n g s a n d w e e k ly
h o u rs w o rk e d 1
s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
W e st
C h ic a g o
C le v e la n d
D e tro it
K ansas
C ity
M in n e a p o lis —
S t. P a u l
S t. L o u is
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
U n d e r $ 1 0 --------------------------------------------$ 1 0 a n d u n d e r $ 2 0 -------------------------------$ 2 0 a n d u n d e r $ 3 0 --------------------------------$ 3 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 0 -------------------------------$ 4 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 0 --------------------------------
.3
.6
.4
1 .4
4 .9
.3
.7
1 .4
3. 6
5 .8
.2
1 .4
4. 7
6 .4
1 6 .6
3 .5
4. 1
7 .0
1 0 .4
2 6 .9
1 .2
.5
8 .4
1 .3
5 .4
3 .7
11 . 1
2 1 .4
4. 0
8 .4
1 5 .6
1 8 .8
$50
$60
$70
$80
$ 6 0 -------------------------------$ 7 0 -------------------------------$ 8 0 -------------------------------$ 9 0 -------------------------------$ 1 0 0 ------------------------------
3 .0
4 .2
2 .3
6. 1
4. 3
9 .7
2. 5
8. 1
8 .5
37. 7
15. 7
8. 6
5. 7
4. 6
9 .7
7 .2
7 .3
4 .8
2. 7
8 .5
3 .9
1 1 .5
5 .0
4. 8
1. 1
10 . 9
T o t a l --------------------------------------------
D e n v e r—
B o u ld e r
L os A n g e le sLong B each
1 0 0 .0
San F r a n
c is c o —
O a k la n d
S e a ttle —
E v e re tt
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
2 .8
7 .0
2. 3
14. 1
3 .4
5 .8
5 .9
m
m
W e e k ly e a r n i n g s
and
and
and
and
$90 and
under
under
under
under
under
2. 5
3 .2
6 .2
6 .0
20. 6
7. 6
7. 6
14. 6
6 .5
5. 7
3. 8
3 .0
4. 1
27. 0
17. 1
1. 7
.5
.5
8.
7
2 4 .8
3 .0
.3
-
8. 7
8. 1
1. 1
1 .0
.6
.7
.5
3 .3
.5
-
$ 100 a n d
$110 and
$ 120 a n d
$130 and
$ 140 and
under
under
under
under
under
$ 1 1 0 ----------------------------$ 1 2 0 ----------------------------$ 1 3 0 ----------------------------$ 1 4 0 ----------------------------$ 1 5 0 -----------------------------
9 .7
3 1 .0
3 .9
24. 1
1 .5
$150
$160
$170
$ 180
under
under
under
under
under
$ 1 6 0 ----------------------------$ 1 7 0 ----------------------------$ 1 8 0 ----------------------------$ 1 9 0 ------------ ;---------------$ 2 0 0 -----------------------------
1 .2
.3
.4
.4
. 1
. 1
.3
_
.
-
. 1
_
_
.2
.3
«.
. 1
.
-
a n d o v e r ----------------------------------------
.2
. 1
.2
and
and
and
and
$190 and
$200
.8
. 1
1 9 .2
.2
1 7 .5
10 . 8
9 .6
4 .0
1 .5
3. 3
.2
.4
_
-
1 .6
. 1
.2
-
.4
_
_
_
-
_
.
_
-
-
-
.2
1 9 .9
28. 6
1 9 .2
4 .8
3. 7
4 .8
1 7 .9
2 5 .6
1 9 .7
4 7 .4
1 .9
.7
.7
4 .0
.
“
_
„
5 .8
29. 7
3 .8
.6
.3
_
(*)
8 .2
4 .7
9 .3
7 .0
1 .2
3 .5
1 0 .5
4. 7
2 9 .7
2. 9
6 .5
3. 5
5 .0
8. 8
4. 1
8. 8
4. 1
8 .2
11 . 1
3 .5
5 .9
2 .9
2 .3
20.
3
-
-
-
-
( 2)
-
-
1 9 .5
15. 6
2 8 .5
11. 7
5 .8
1 3 .9
5 .5
1 1 .6
6 .2
3 .5
15. 1
5 2 .3
W e e k ly h o u r s w o r k e d
U n d e r 15 h o u r s ------------------------------------15 a n d u n d e r 20 h o u r s -------------------------20 a n d u n d e r 25 h o u r s -------------------------25 a n d u n d e r 30 h o u r s -------------------------30 a n d u n d e r 35 h o u r s -------------------------35 a n d tin d e r 40 h o u r s -------------------------4 0 a n d u n d e r 45 h o u r s -------------------------45 a n d u n d e r 50 h o u r s ------------- — ------50 h o u r s a n d o v e r --------------------------------
2 .4
4 .2
7 .6
5 .8
12 . 1
32. 3
33. 1
.4
•1
A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s ---------------------
1 0 7 .0 0
$ 8 5 .5 0
$ 8 2 .0 0
$ 6 3 .0 0
$ 5 1 .0 0
$ 5 2 .5 0
$ 5 6 .5 0
$ 9 0 .5 0
$ 1 2 4 .0 0
$ 7 7 . 50
A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s 1 ------------------------N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s ------------ -------------------
3 4 .0
3 ,3 4 7
3 0 .0
1 ,8 5 2
2 9 .5
1, 825
2 3 .0
704
1 8 .5
422
2 2 .5
1, 054
2 3 .0
1 ,2 2 1
3 1 .0
2, 653
3 2 .0
172
2 3 .0
341
2 .2
4 .4
7 .7
1 0 .4
8 .8
3 5 .9
19. 3
1 3 .2
.2
10. 8
11. 1
1 0 .2
14. 6
9 .8
6 .5
36. 3
.4
1 .0
. 1
.2
1 S t r a i g h t- t im e a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s i n f o r m a t io n e x c lu d e s p r e m i u m pay f o r o v e r t i m e
a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , b u t in c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r l a t e s h if ts a n d
h a z a r d o u s w o r k , if a n y .
2 L e s s th a n 0 .0 5 p e r c e n t.
16. 7
12 . 1
3 3 .2
1 7 .4
10. 8
3. 1
5. 8
.5
.4
1 0 .2
6. 8
4 .4
1 4 .0
.8
.2
9. 8
46. 1
_
1 6 .3
1 .2
28. 7
11. 7
12. 0
6 .5
17. 0
10. 6
1 3 .5
.8
. 1
-
-
N O T E : B e c a u s e of ro u n d in g s u m s of in d iv id u a l i te m s m a y n o t e q u a l t o t a l s . W eek ly
e a r n i n g s w e r e r o u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o l la r a n d h o u r s to th e n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r ,
Table 9.
Occupational weekly averages:
Service workers
( A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s a n d e a r n in g s 1 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in c o n t r a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s i n 24 a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
N o rth e a s t
B o s to n
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
H o u rs
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s ---------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------------------------
E a rn
in g s
2 3 .5
2 4 .0
$ 6 4 .5 0
2 1 .0
5 4 .0 0
22. 0
5 6 . 50
9 3 .0 0
5 3 .5 0
6 5 .5 0
.
6 3 .0 0
5 3 .5 0
8 9 .0 0
4 9 .5 0
.
8 2 .0 0
1 8 0 .5 0
6 8 .0 0
N a s s a u —S u ffo lk
N e w a rk
H o u rs
E arn
in g s
2 9 .5
30. 5
2 6 .0
$ 8 6 . 00
9 3 .5 0
6 8 . 50
2 7 .5
3 3 .0
2 6 .5
2 8 .0
3 0 .0
2 8 .0
2 5 .0
4 1 .5
7 3 .5 0
9 3 .5 0
7 0 .0 0
7 7 .5 0
9 0 . 50
7 5 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
H o u rs
E a rn
in g s
S o u th
P h ila d e lp h ia
N ew Y o rk
H o u rs
2 9 .0
$ 9 6 .5 0
30. 0
2 5 .0
1 0 1 .0 0
3 3 .5
3 5 .5
6 8 .5 0
2 9 .0
8 6 .0 0
3 5 .0
3 6 .0
3 4 .5
3 5 .5
3 7 .0
3 5 .5
27. 5
2 9 .5
2 6 .5
40. 5
3 4 .5
3 7 .0
A tla n ta
P i tt s b u r g h
E a rn
in g s
H o u rs
E a rn
in g s
H o u rs
E a rn
in g s
$ 1 3 4 .0 0
1 4 9 .5 0
107. 50
2 9 .5
3 0 .0
2 7 .0
$ 8 9 . 50
9 7 .0 0
7 1 .0 0
2 7 .0
2 8 .5
2 4 .0
$ 7 0 . 00
8 0 .0 0
5 1 .0 0
2 3 .0
2 4 .5
1 3 9 .0 0
1 4 7 .5 0
1 3 7 .0 0
1 4 3 .5 0
1 5 2 .0 0
1 4 1 .5 0
7 3 .5 0
8 9 .0 0
7 0 .0 0
8 1 .5 0
2 4 .0
_
2 3 .0
2 7 .5
2 6 .0
5 6 .0 0
.
5 0 .5 0
7 7 .0 0
_
6 6 . 50
.
.
4 6 . 50
-
2 3 .0
2 9 .5
21. 5
H o u rs
2 1 .0
B a l ti m o r e
E arn
in g s
H o u rs
$ 5 3 .0 0
59. 50
4 4 . 50
'2 2 .5
2 2 .0
2 2 .0
E arn
in g s
$ 5 3 . 00
5 4 .0 0
5 2 . 00
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s — m e n
C l e a n e r s -----------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k -----------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ----------------------------------------D a y w o r k -----------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k -------- -— ----------------- -— --------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t -----------------------------------------D ay w o r k ------------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------------E x t e r m i n a t o r s ------------------------------------------W a x e r s , f l o o r --------------------------------------------W in d o w w a s h e r s ----------------- —---------- --------
3 4 .5
21. 0
2 5 .0
•
2 4 .0
2 1 .0
3 3 .0
2 0 .0
«.
2 9 .5
3 9 .0
1 0 2 .0 0
40. 5
4 1 .0
.
_
1 3 4 .0 0
1 6 0 .5 0
2 6 .0
35. 5
24. 5
3 5 .0
1 0 8 .0 0
6 0 .5 0
1 1 7 .0 0
_
2 7 .0
3 0 .0
2 6 .0
2 9 .5
3 3 .0
28. 5
23. 5
_
22. 5
41. 0
3 2 .5
3 4 .0
1 0 8 .0 0
78. 50
1 0 0 .0 0
1 3 3 .5 0
8 9 .5 0
6 5 .0 0
•
6 1 .0 0
1 5 7 .5 0
1 0 7 .5 0
1 7 0 .5 0
9 7 .0 0
2 6 .0
3 2 .5
24. 5
27. 5
3 1 .5
2 6 .5
2 3 .0
3 5 .0
8 6 .0 0
2 1 .0
1 7 7 .0 0
1 3 4 .5 0
2 0 3 .5 0
4 1 .0
2 4 .0
3 5 .5
7 9 .0 0
5 5 .5 0
8 0 .0 0
5 1 .5 0
1 4 0 .0 0
6 5 .0 0
1 4 6 .0 0
106. 00
9 7 .5 0
1 0 6 .5 0
2 7 .0
_
2 6 .5
2 9 .0
7 0 .0 0
•
6 9 .5 0
8 2 .0 0
8 8 .0 0
9 2 .0 0
_
2 2 .5
_
•
4 1 .0
141. 50
24. 0
.
2 4 .5
5 0 .0 0
5 1 .0 0
2 6 .0
3 1 .5
2 3 .0
2 1 .0
24. 5
2 1 .0
3 9 .5
2 4 .0
3 3 .5
5 1 .0 0
6 8 . 50
4 7 .0 0
6 0 .0 0
7 4 .5 0
5 3 .5 0
4 5 .0 0
5 4 .0 0
4 4 .0 0
1 5 9 .0 0
5 2 .0 0
117,-00
1 9 .5
2 2 .5
1 8 .0
2 1 .0
24. 0
_
1 9 .0
2 2 .0
1 7 .5
3 8 .5
2 3 .0
-
4 0 .5 0
4 8 .5 0
3 7 .0 0
4 6 . 50
5 6 .5 0
3 9 .0 0
4 6 . 50
3 5 .5 0
1 3 7 .5 0
56. 50
-
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s — w o m e n
C l e a n e r s -----------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ---------------- -------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ----------------—--------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ---------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ----------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t -----------------------------------------D ay w o r k -----------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------------S e e f o o tn o te s a t e n d o f ta b le ,
_
_
_
.
_
2 1 .0
3 1 .5
20. 5
_
53. 50
8 6 . 00
5 2 .0 0
2 5 .0
3 4 .5
2 3 .5
6 8 .0 0
_
6 1 .5 0
8 9 .5 0
5 8 .0 0
2 5 .0
3 2 .5
24. 5
.
3 3 .0
24. 5
3 2 .5
24. 5
6 7 .5 0
1 1 3 .0 0
6 5 .5 0
9 6 .0 0
6 7 .0 0
1 1 3 .0 0
64. 50
2 9 .0
2 9 .0
2 9 .0
.
2 9 .0
2 8 .5
2 9 .0
_
106. 00
9 7 .5 0
1 0 6 .5 0
•
2 7 .0
-
2 6 .5
.
7 0 .0 0
.
6 9 .0 0
.
-
2 4 .0
_
2 4 .5
2 1 .0
2 8 .0
2 0 .0
.
1 6 .5
5 0 .0 0
2 1 .0
2 9 .0
2 0 .0
.
5 1 .0 0
.
4 4 .5 0
6 3 .0 0
4 1 .5 0
3 8 .0 0
2 2 .5
2 6 .0
2 0 .5
-
5 2 .0 0
6 5 .0 0
4 3 .5 0
.
-
-
4 4 . 50
65. 50
4 1 . 50
2 3 .0
2 6 .5
20. 5
5 3 .0 0
6 9 .0 0
4 4 .0 0
Table 9. Occupational weekly averages: Service workers—Continued
(A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s a n d e a r n i n g s 1 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in 24 a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
S o u th — C o n tin u e d
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s ----------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------------------------W o m e n ---------------------------------------------------
D a lla s —F t . W o rth
H o u s to n
M ia m i
M e m p h is
H o u rs
E a rn
in g s
H o u rs
E a rn
in g s
H o u rs
2 1 .5
2 2 .5
2 0 .5
$ 4 8 .0 0
5 1 .0 0
4 4 .5 0
2 7 .5
2 8 .5
2 7 .0
$ 6 2 .5 0
6 9 .0 0
5 7 .5 0
2 2 .0
4 8 .5 0
8 3 .5 0
4 5 .5 0
5 8 .0 0
2 5 .5
3 3 .5
2 4 .0
2 8 .0
3 4 .5
2 5 .0
2 4 .0
3 0 .5
2 3 .5
5 4 .0 0
7 4 .5 0
5 0 .0 0
6 0 .5 0
7 7 .0 0
5 4 .5 0
4 9 .5 0
6 8 .5 0
4 8 .0 0
N ew O r l e a n s
E arn
in g s
H o u rs
E a rn
in g s
H o u rs
2 4 .5
$ 5 8 .0 0
6 4 .0 0
5 1 .0 0
2 8 .0
2 9 .5
2 3 .5
$ 7 4 .0 0
8 2 .5 0
5 1 .0 0
2 3 .0
2 0 .5
2 5 .0
2 8 .0
2 4 .5
5 4 .5 0
7 0 .0 0
5 3 .0 0
2 4 .5
3 1 .0
2 3 .0
2 1 .5
2 7 .5
2 0 .5
2 6 .0
3 1 .5
2 4 .0
3 9 .5
2 5 .0
-
5 9 .0 0
8 3 .0 0
5 2 .5 0
5 5 .0 0
8 7 .5 0
5 1 .0 0
6 1 .0 0
8 2 .0 0
5 3 .5 0
1 3 5 .0 0
6 6 .5 0
-
2 3 .0
2 5 .5
2 2 .5
4 9 .5 0
5 5 .5 0
4 8 .5 0
2 5 .5
2 6 .0
2 2 .0
W a s h in g to n
E arn
in g s
H o u rs
$ 5 0 .0 0
5 5 .0 0
4 3 .0 0
2 0 .0
2 2 .5
2 4 .0
E arn
in g s
$ 5 6 .0 0
6 4 .5 0
4 5 .5 0
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s — m e n
C l e a n e r s -----------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------------Ni g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ----------------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------- ---------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------------E x t e r m i n a t o r s -------------------------------------------W a x e r s , f l o o r -------------------------- -----------------W in d o w w a s h e r s ----------------------------------------
3 6 .5
2 1 .0
2 5 .5
_
.
2 2 .0
2 1 .0
4 9 .5 0
4 5 .5 0
3 1 .5
2 0 .5
4 5 .0 0
.
6 9 .0 0
-
.
-
2 3 .5
3 3 .0
5 6 .0 0
8 9 .5 0
3 3 .0
-
8 0 .5 0
-
2 0 .5
3 3 .5
4 4 .0 0
7 6 .0 0
4 3 .0 0
5 6 .0 0
2 6 .5
3 3 .5
2 5 .0
2 8 .0
5 5 .5 0
7 7 .0 0
5 1 .0 0
6 4 .0 0
_
_
„
-
.
2 2 .5
2 0 .5
2 2 .5
4 9 .0 0
4 4 .0 0
4 9 .0 0
.
•
•
-
-
_
2 2 .0
_
_
_
3 3 .5
_
_
3 5 .0
_
1 9 .5
2 8 .5
1 9 .5
_
2 3 .0
-
1 9 .0
2 2 .0
4 1 .0 0
6 2 .0 0
3 9 .5 0
_
4 9 .5 0
-
1 9 .0
2 2 .0
3 2 .0
1 9 .5
4 1 .5
1 9 .5
3 1 .5
5 2 .5 0
8 8 .5 0
4 4 .0 0
5 2 .0 0
9 1 .5 0
4 3 .0 0
5 3 .0 0
8 5 .0 0
4 5 .5 0
1 4 4 .0 0
4 9 .5 0
1 1 6 .5 0
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n — w o m e n
C l e a n e r s -------------------------------------- --------------D a y w o r k --------------------- ...--------------- --------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ---------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k — --------------- ------- ■ ■■.......... —
C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ----------------------------------------------
S e e f o o tn o te s a t e n d o f t a b l e .
2 0 .0
2 5 .0
-
2 0 .5
3 2 .5
2 0 .0
-
4 3 .5 0
7 4 .0 0
4 3 .0 0
_
2 6 .5
3 3 .5
2 5 .0
.
5 5 .0 0
7 6 .5 0
5 1 .0 0
2 4 .0
5 0 .5 0
.
2 4 .5
.
.
2 4 .0
•
2 4 .5
5 0 .5 0
•
-
5 0 .5 0
.
5 0 .5 0
_
.
2 3 .0
2 5 .5
2 2 .5
_
_
.
4 9 .5 0
5 5 .5 0
4 8 .5 0
_
_
_
2 0 .0
2 7 .5
2 0 .0
_
_
2 0 .0
3 3 .0
1 9 .0
2 5 .5
_
1 9 .0
4 1 .5 0
5 8 .5 0
4 1 .0 0
1 9 .5
3 1 .5
1 9 .0
4 5 .0 0
8 1 .5 0
4 1 .5 0
7 0 .0 0
4 3 .0 0
4 3 .5 0
6 8 .0 0
4 1 .5 0
Table 9.
Occupational weekly averages: Service workers-Continued
( A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s a n d e a r n i n g s 1 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in 24 a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
N o r th C e n t r a l
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
C hic ago
H o u rs
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s -----------------------------M e n -------------------------------- ------------------W o m e n -----------------------------------------------
C le v e la n d
E a rn ____i n g 8
E a rn
in g s
H o u rs
E a rn
in g s
2 9 .5
2 9 .0
3 0 .0
$ 9 1 .5 0
9 9 .0 0
8 5 .5 0
3 0 .0
3 0 .5
2 9 .5
$ 9 3 .5 0
8 2 .5 0
8 5 .0 0
8 2 .5 0
8 3 .0 0
8 5 .0 0
8 3 .0 0
.
.
_
2 1 8 .5 0
29. 5
3 3 .0
2 8 .0
3 0 .5
3 5 .5
2 8 .5
$ 1 1 4 .5 0
3 1 .0
3 0 .5
3 1 .0
3 4 .0
3 6 .0
3 4 .0
2 5 .0
2 5 .5
4 2 .5
2 9 .5
4 2 .0
1 0 4 .5 0
9 6 .5 0
1 0 5 .5 0
1 2 0 .5 0
1 2 5 .0 0
2 7 .5
2 9 .0
2 7 .5
2 8 .0
1 2 0 .0 0
7 9 .0 0
1 5 5 .0 0
9 4 .5 0
2 2 5 .0 0
2 7 .5
-
3 4 .0
3 6 .0
3 3 .5
3 6 .0
3 6 .0
3 4 .0
3 5 .5
3 3 .5
1 0 7 .0 0
1 1 1 .5 0
1 0 6 .5 0
1 3 2 .5 0
1 3 0 .5 0
1 0 6 .0 0
1 0 9 .5 0
1 0 5 .5 0
1 0 7 .0 0
K a n s a s C ity
H o u rs
3 3 .0
3 2 .5
3 4 .0
1 1 9 .0 0
D e tro it
1 0 1 .0 0
8 2 .0 0
M in n e a p o li s—S t. P a u l
S t. L o u is
H o u rs
E arn
in g s
H o u rs
E arn
in g s
H o u rs
2 3 .0
2 3 .0
2 3 .0
$ 6 8 .0 0
7 0 .5 0
6 3 .0 0
2 3 .0
2 3 .5
1 8 .5
$ 7 1 .0 0
7 4 .5 0
5 1 .0 0
2 4 .5
2 5 .5
2 2 .5
1 9 .0
3 3 .0
1 8 .0
1 9 .5
3 3 .0
1 8 .0
5 4 .0 0
9 5 .5 0
5 1 .5 0
5 6 .0 0
9 5 .5 0
5 2 .0 0
2 2 .5
_
2 2 .5
3 3 .5
3 6 .0
3 3 .5
6 9 .0 0
_
2 3 .5
3 2 .5
6 8 .0 0
2 2 .0
2 3 .5
3 2 .0
_
1 8 .5
4 1 .5
2 4 .0
3 3 .5
_
5 0 .5 0
1 4 9 .5 0
7 5 .5 0
1 4 7 .0 0
1 2 3 .5 0
1 3 3 .0 0
1 2 2 .5 0
5 1 .5 0
4 6 .0 0
_
2 2 .0
5 7 .0 0
8 7 .5 0
5 1 .5 0
5 7 .0 0
8 0 .5 0
5 2 .0 0
5 7 .0 0
9 1 .5 0
5 1 .0 0
2 4 .0
3 2 .0
5 9 .5 0
1 4 5 .5 0
2 2 .0
6 2 .0 0
9 3 .5 0
6 0 .5 0
7 5 .5 0
7 3 .0 0
5 7 .0 0
2 2 .0
5 1 .5 0
7 2 .5 0
4 9 .5 0
E arn
in g s
$ 6 2 .5 0
6 7 .5 0 •
5 2 .0 0
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s —m e n
10
CO
C l e a n e r s - --------------------------------------------------D a y w o rk — -------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k --------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ---------------------------------------D a y w o r k ---------------------------------------------—
N ig h tw o r k — ---------------------------------- :-----C l e a n e r s l i g h t ------------------------------------------D a y w o r k -----------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ------- --------------------— -------------E x t e r m i n a t o r s ------------------------------------------W a x e r s , f l o o r -------------------------------------------W in d o w w a s h e r s ----------------------------------------
7 6 .5 0
m
2 9 .0
3 9 .5
8 6 .0 0
9 7 .5 0
8 2 .0 0
9 3 .0 0
1 0 2 .0 0
3 1 .5
2 8 .0
.
2 5 .0
4 0 .5
8 9 .5 0
8 2 .0 0
9 5 .0 0
7 7 .5 0
„
8 0 .0 0
2 2 7 .5 0
2 9 .5
3 5 .5
2 8 .5
8 1 .5 0
9 2 .5 0
7 9 .0 0
2 9 .0
1 9 .0
_
1 8 .0
_
3 6 .5
1 5 7 .0 0
1 8 .5
_
1 5 .5
_
_
1 8 .5
_
1 5 .5
5 1 .0 0
2 2 .0
2 3 .5
3 3 .0
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s — w o m e n
C l e a n e r s ----------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ----------- -----------------------------------N i g h t w o r k --------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y --------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k --------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t -----------------------------—------ —
D a y w o r k ----------------------------------- — --------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------------
S e e f o o tn o te s a t e n d o f ta b le .
.
3 0 .0
_
2 9 .5
3 1 .5
3 1 .5
2 9 .5
2 9 .5
8 5 .5 0
.
8 4 .0 0
9 7 .5 0
9 7 .5 0
8 4 .5 0
.
8 3 .5 0
-
3 0 .0
3 6 .5
2 9 .0
8 1 .5 0
9 3 .0 0
7 9 .5 0
3 5 .5
2 1 .5
2 5 .5
2 4 .5
2 1 .0
_
2 0 .5
5 6 . 00
3 9 .5 0
_
5 1 .5 0
_
3 9 .5 0
3 0 .5
2 1 .5
_
1 9 .5
2 2 .5
3 0 .5
2 1 .5
4 5 .0 0
5 1 .5 0
7 2 .5 0
4 9 .5 0
Table 9.
Occupational weekly averages: Service workers—Continued
( A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s a n d e a r n i n g s 1 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in 24 a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
W e st
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s ---------------------------------M e n --------------------------------------------------------W o m e n ----------------------------------------------------
L o s A n g e le s--L o n g B e a c h
D en v er^ —B o u ld e r 2
H o u rs
E arn
in g s
2 3 .5
2 4 .0
2 3 .0
$ 6 2 .5 0
6 6 .5 0
5 6 .5 0
2 2 .5
2 7 .0
5 8 .0 0
7 2 .0 0
5 5 .0 0
6 8 .5 0
9 4 .0 0
6 4 .5 0
4 8 .5 0
5 7 .0 0
4 6 .5 0
.
7 1 .5 0
H o u rs
i
S an F r a n c i s c o —O a k la n d
E arn
in g s
H o u rs
3 2 .0
3 2 .0
3 1 .0
$ 1 0 1 .0 0
1 0 4 .5 0
9 0 .5 0
3 1 .5
3 3 .5
3 1 .0
3 0 .5
3 3 .5
3 0 .5
3 1 .5
3 3 .5
3 1 .0
4 0 .0
3 4 .5
3 3 .5
9 2 .5 0
1 0 4 .0 0
8 9 .5 0
9 8 .0 0
1 0 3 .5 0
9 7 .0 0
9 0 .5 0
1 0 4 .5 0
8 6 .5 0
1 8 7 .5 0
1 1 6 .5 0
1 7 3 .0 0
4 0 .0
3 6 .5
3 4 .5
9 1 .0 0
3 2 .0
1
1
E a rn
in g s
3 4 .5
3 4 .5
3 2 .0
$ 1 4 5 .5 0
1 4 6 .5 0
1 2 4 .0 0
3 4 .0
3 4 .0
3 4 .0
3 4 .5
3 2 .5
3 4 .5
3 3 .5
3 8 .5
1 3 7 .5 0
1 3 4 .5 0
1 3 7 .5 0
1 3 8 .5 0
1 2 8 .0 0
1 3 9 .5 0
1 3 5 .0 0
1 5 0 .5 0
S e ttle -E v e r e tt
H o u rs
E a rn
in g s
2 3 .0
2 3 .0
2 3 .0
$ 8 6 .5 0
2 3 .0
8 5 .0 0
_
9 6 .0 0
„
8 8 .0 0
7 7 :5 0
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s — m e n
C l e a n e r s -----------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ----------------------------------------D a y w o r k ----------------------- '-----------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k -----------------------------— ------------E x t e r m i n a t o r s -------------------------------------------W a x e r s , f l o o r --------------------------------------------W in d o w w a s h e r s -----------------------------------------
2 2 .0
2 5 .5
3 3 .0
2 4 .5
2 0 .0
2 3 .0
1 9 .5
_
2 7 .5
“
2 6 .0
_
_
1 9 5 .5 0
_
_
2 5 .5
1 3 0 .0 0
1 9 4 .0 0
1 6 0 .0 0
m
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s — w o m e n
C l e a n e r s -----------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ----------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ----------------------------------------------
2 3 .5
2 8 .0
2 2 .0
.
2 4 .0
2 8 .0
2 2 .5
5 7 .0 0
7 0 .5 0
5 3 .5 0
_
.
5 8 .5 0
7 0 .5 0
5 3 .5 0
3 1 .5
3 4 .0
3 1 .0
3 1 .5
3 1 .0
3 1 .5
3 4 .0
3 1 .0
1 0 3 .0 0
8 8 .0 0
9 4 .5 0
9 5 .5 0
9 0 .5 0
1 0 4 .0 0
8 7 .5 0
j
1 2 4 .0 0
2 2 .5
7 6 .0 0
3 1 .5
3 7 .5
1 2 9 .0 0
2 2 .5
2 4 .5
3 1 .0
1 1 8 .0 0
_
_
8 0 .0 0
8 3 .5 0
_
_
_
?9: 5
1 1 8 .5 0
-
-
1 5 0 .5 0
m
1 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m , p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t
2 W o m en f lo o r w a x e r s in D e n v e r —
B o u ld e r , n o t show n s e p a r a t e l y , w o r k e d
in c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e - s h i f t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y if a n y . A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s a v e r a g e 2 9 . 5 h o u r s p e r w e e k a nd a v e r a g e d $ 7 9 .5 0 .
w o r k e d w e r e r o u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r a n d a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s to th e n e a r e s t
h a l f d o l la r .
an
Table 10.
Occupational earnings:
Atlanta, G a .1
(N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t- tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 2 o f s e r v ic e w o rk e rs in s e le c te d occu pations in c o n tra ct clea n in g s e r v ic e s e s ta b lish m en ts, July 1974)
NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3 ___________________
M en __________________________________
W o m e n ________________________________
Number
of
worker*
Avenge
$ 2 .0 0 $2.05 $ 2 .1 0 $2.15 $ 2 .2 0 $2.25 $2.30 $2.35 $2.40 $2.45 $2.50 $2.55 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 $4.20 $4.40 $4.60
hourly ,
earnings J n d e r a n d
and
$2 .0 0 undex
$2.05 $ 2 .10 $2.15 $ 2 .2 0 $2.25 $ 2 .30 $2.35 $2.40 $2.45 $2.50 $2.55 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 $4.20 $4.40 $4.60 o v e r
5, 120
2 , 968
2 , 152
$ 2 .3 0
2.4 3
2710 376
1338
90
1372 286
255
186
69
159
128
31
59
49
2 ,4 6 3
436
2 ,0 2 7
2 .21
1260
148
70
137
100
1
6
1112
69
40
131
67
47
-
18
82
49
14
35
51
4
47
26
-
33
3
30
4 .0 3
2.17
3.51
4
4
4
4
-
1369 284
133
1236 284
13
1356 284
120
1236 284
67
6
59
29
2.11
11
4
7
10
498
353
145
139
71
319
81
238
185
67
118
134
14
49
38
68
124
74
50
135
88
15
13
47
2
71
7
64
56
80
50
30
62
48
14
18
6
1
223
183
40
15
34
33
56
50
31
29
3
1
6
2
153
46
107
113
36
77
40
6
1
35
12
21
20
1
64
61
3
23
_
23
17
9
8
9
9
_
44
13
31
35
11
11
22
22
-
-
26
17
9
1
6
1
.
_
-
1
1
1
l
6
1
_
_
1
1
22
22
-
18
18
-
9
9
19
19
68
68
-
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —
m en
C l e a n e r s ___________________________ _______
D a y w o rk __________
__ _____
_
N ig h tw o r k ______________ _________
C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ____________ ___
D a y w o rk
____ _____
____ _
N ig h tw o rk _________ ___ __ _______
C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ___ _______________
D a y w o r k .____________________ __ __
N ig h tw o r k ___________________
_ __
E x t e r m i n a t o r s ________________ __ ____ ,_____
W a x e r s , f l o o r ________________________ ____
W indow w a s h e r s _______________ ___ ___
961
314
647
1, 502
122
1 ,3 8 0
195
219
29
2.31
2 .1 8
2.32
2.3 5
2 .3 0
2 .1 3
2.21
2 .1 2
218
73
145
1042
75
967
59
1
1
2
39
30
30
-
65
70
4
20
-
66
12
2
10
21
1
20
11
46
37
9
3
1
2
1
10
14
-
16
30
6
1
6
6
1
3
7
_
5
_
5
_
-
24
-
31
3
28
31
3
28
_
_
_
-
6
50
15
7
-
26
1
2
6
6
6
1
-
-
31
7
2
1
6
144
16
128
3
141
16
125
68
66
2
2
66
66
50
17
33
9
41
46
40
120
5
2
2
4
5
1
1
10
25
24
2
22
11
8
3
.
8
15
_
15
8
8
_
8
1
12
23
9
1
8
12
1
2
12
1
6
1
-
-
3
l
1
_
6
1
2
1
2
_
_
5
2
1
1
2
3
_
_
_
_
_
_
9
_
_
_
16
5
_
5
7
.
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
17
-
3
1
3
_
.
_
_
_
_
9
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
9
1
_
1
_
_
_
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
8
8
_
_
8
8
_
_
_
8
_
_
_
8
_
_
8
8
8
4 56
4
1
2
3
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
12
_
8
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s —
w om en
C l e a n e r s _______________ ______ —
D a y w o rk __ ______________ ______ _ __
N ig h tw o rk __________________ _
m * a r\A ra h u a v y
C l e a n e r s , lig h t ---------------------- --------D a y w o rk _________ _____________ _____
N ig h tw o rk ____________________ ___
2 , 138
307
1, 831
32
2 , 106
287
1, 819
2 .1 0
7
2.2 5
2.07
2.32
1
6
2 .1 0
7
2.26
2.07
1
6
2
65
31
7
6
2
59
29
1
6
6
2
1
1
20
1
3
1
8
2
12
46
40
29
6
2
1
1
1 T h e A tla n ta S t a n d a r d M e tr o p o lita n S t a ti s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f B u tts , C h e r o k e e , C la y to n ,
C o b b , D e K a lb , D o u g la s , F a y e t t e , F o r s y t h , F u lto n , G w in n e tt, H e n ry , N e w to n , P a u ld in g , R o c k d a le ,
a n d W a lto n C o u n tie s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o rk o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , bu t in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s w e r e o b ta in e d
b y d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b y a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r , w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g th e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d in g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p le o f e s ta b l is h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
38
18
37
18
19
3
1
4
2
1
1
2
-
1
-
-
1
3
2
1
1
2
1
8
_
_
'
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e a n d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
th e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if t s in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y le v e l s . S uch
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u la r ly e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e rf o r m in g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s i s , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 W o rk e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s f o llo w s : 3 a t $ 4 . 6 0 to $ 4 . 8 0 ; 9 a t $ 5 to $ 5 .2 0 ; 5 a t $ 5 .2 0 to
$ 5 .4 0 ; 11 a t $ 5 . 4 0 to $ 5 .6 0 ; 1 a t $ 5 . 6 0 to $ 5 . 8 0 ; 5 a t $ 6 to $ 6 .2 0 ; 5 a t $ 6 . 2 0 to $ 6 .4 0 ; a nd 17
at $ 6 .4 0 and o v e r.
Table 11. Occupational earnings: Baltimore, M d .1
( N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNING8 OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s * - - - ------------------------M e n -----------------------------------------------------W o m e n ---------- ------------------------------------
Number
of
worker*
$ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .05 $ 2 .1 0 $2.15 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $4.4 0
Arerug*
hourly , U nder a n d
turning! 1
2*
and
$ 2 .0 0 u n d e r
$2.05 $ 2 .1 0 $2.15 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 o v e r
4 ,0 3 8
2 ,6 7 2
1 ,3 6 6
$ 2 .4 1
2 .4 5
2 .3 2
1 ,9 3 3
610
1 ,3 2 3
465
145
1 ,4 6 8
465
1 ,0 0 3
127
369
2 . 10
171
73
42
31
157
99
58
28
92
50
42
13
-
12
7
76
36
40
92
30
62
.
92
30
62
22
10
12
2
35
-
2
46
19
27
46
19
27
66
10
56
64
2353
1557
796
29
27
122
161
95
2
49
66
62
1389
378
25
13
62
.
1011
12
87
43
44
62
_
62
382
87
1007
291
716
.
25
13
-
155
51
51
51
_
51
787
229
558
650
175
475
2
2
113
62
51
126
82
44
97
56
41
96
73
23
56
43
25
18
22
35
11
6
6
11
8
6
6
79
39
40
50
15
35
32
17
15
16
7
9
14
7
26
11
27
31
31
31
54
39
15
42
31
44
18
26
42
16
26
41
32
9
84
53
31
28
28
-
92
44
48
85
56
29
40
15
12
20
26
6
2
14
9
-
•
9
9
-
-
8
8
4
4
_
-
42
40
32
47
30
17
35
27
4
2
2
8
16
3
13
29
27
13
13
8
10
2
5
3
32
32
-
59
55
4
3
1
2
2
1
-
-
-
-
4
16
4
1
_
-
_
-
S e le c te d s e rv ic e o c c u p a tio n s-m e n
C l e a n e r s -------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ---------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k --------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y 4 ------------------------------D a y w o r k ---------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t - - - ----------------------------D a y w o r k ----------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k --------------------------------------E x t e r m i n a t o r s ---------------------------------------W a x e r s , f l o o r ------------------------------------------
2 . 17
2 .0 7
2 .2 1
2 .3 7
2 .0 6
2 . 10
2 .0 5
3 .5 7
2 .4 5
11
10
18
6
21
13
9
2
2
.
-
-
8
8
3
2
2
2
1
1
2
-
4
4
4
-
2
22
11
-
26
-
9
9
9
9
13
13
13
13
8
11
11
_
7
1
-
8
11
11
5
5
5
5
2
2
4
4
.
-
4
-
2
2
7
7
42
-
8
20
-
4
32
6
22
22
2
22
22
_
20
48
38
29
23
2
2
10
6
5
11
-
-
18
11
13
9
19
18
48
38
29
23
6
8
2
2
10
6
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s - w o m e n
C l e a n e r s 4-------------------------------------------------D a y w o rk - --------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k --------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ----------------------------------D a y w o r k ---------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------
1 ,3 2 6
513
813
1, 140
41 8
722
2 .3 0
2 .5 3
2 .1 2
2 .3 3
2 .5 9
2 . 13
_
2
8
56
31
11
1 T h e B a l ti m o r e S t a n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f B a ltim o r e C ity , A n n e A r u n d e l,
B a l ti m o r e , C a r r o l l , H a r f o r d , a n d H o w a rd C o u n tie s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e r e o b ta in e d
by d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s by a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o r k e r s , h o w e v e r, w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d i n g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t io n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
-
22
22
2
20
14
12
2
14
12
2
7
-
1
1
-
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e a n d a s s o c i a t e d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
t h e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s . S uch
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u l a r l y e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m i n g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c l a s s i f i c a t i o n in a d d itio n to t h o s e s h o w n s e p a r a te l y .
Table 12.
Occupational earnings:
Boston, Mass.1
(N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 of s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3------------------------------M e n ----------------------------------------------------W o m e n -------------------------------------------------
Number
of
worker*
Average
$ 2 .10 $2.15 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .35 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .4 5 $2 .5 0 $2.55 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .65 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.6 0 $3.8 0 $4.00 $4.20 $4.40
hourly ,
earning* U n d er a n d
a nd
$2 .1 0 u n d e r
$2.15 $2.20 $2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .35 $2 .4 0 $ 2 .45 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .5 5 $ 2 .60 $2 .6 5 $2 .7 0 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.4 0 $3.60 $3.8 0 $4.0 0 $4.20 $4.40 o v e r
5 , 570
4 ,2 2 3
1, 347
$ 2 .7 6
2 .8 2
2 .5 5
298
272
26
42
32
10
10
10
-
34
13
21
333
271
62
23
22
1
86
80
6
27
21
6
73
57
16
2579
1672
907
21
14
7
55
48
7
167
107
60
979
812
167
194
188
6
41
41
-
163
149
14
3 ,5 7 0
303
3 ,2 6 7
952
895
2 ,6 1 8
246
2 ,3 7 2
107
94
2 .5 7
2 .7 1
2 .5 5
2 .6 5
2 .6 4
2 .5 4
2 .7 0
2 .5 1
2 . 76
4 ! 61
266
19
247
5
5
261
19
242
27
11
80
2
78
_
27
10
1
9
18
1
17
8
8
10
1
9
57
_
212
2
2 10
5
5
207
2
205
19
22
27
10
1
9
1638
30
1608
455
455
1183
30
1153
14
1
13
5
4
9
44
7
37
23
23
21
7
14
107
1
106
93
93
14
1
13
702
173
529
230
174
472
117
355
44
5
161
23
138
65
65
96
23
73
25
33
4
29
10
10
23
4
19
3
97
37
60
37
37
60
37
23
13
5
1 ,2 9 7
62
1 ,2 3 5
2 .5 4
2 .7 1
2 .5 3
155
34
121
6
3
3
9
9
-
42
34
8
101
83
18
29
24
5
39
39
-
3
6
2
4
53
1
6
_
_
6
2
4
9
9
-
13
13
-
_
„
1
1
202
202
-
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s - m e n
C l e a n e r s ----------------------------------------- -------D a y w o r k ----------------------------------------N ig h t w o r k -------------------------- ---------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ------------------------------N ig h tw o r k -------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ----------------------------------D a y w o r k ---------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k - - ----------------------------------w s ix e rs , iioor~™ ■—————
_
_
..
27
..
_
11
_
_
11
_
11
_
22
6
6
16
_
16
_
80
2
78
57
7
7
50
50
_
9
_
3
2
2
1
_
1
_
53
6
.
1
1
1
53
_
6
_
_
_
.
_
53
.
6
_
_
2
_
_
2
_
_
„
.
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
2
_
2
*84
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s - w o m e n
C l e a n e r s ( a l l l i g h t ) --------------------------------D a y w o r k ----------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------
26
10
21
26
10
21
39
1
6
6
16
39
1
6
6
16
1 T h e B o s to n S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s of S u ffo lk C o u n ty , 16 c o m m u n itie s
in E s s e x C o u n ty , 34 in M id d le s e x C o u n ty , 26 in N o rfo lk C o u n ty , a n d 12 in P ly m o u th C o u n ty .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o rk o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t i n c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s w e r e o b ta in e d
b y d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s by a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r , w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d in g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s ta b l is h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e t h e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in t h e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e a n d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
905
21
884
7
_
7
7
2
5
60
„
60
_
_
4
2
2
7
16
5
7
16
5
_
_
_
th e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s . Such
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u la r ly e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e rf o r m in g
n o n o ffic e fu n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a j o b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c l a s s i f i c a t i o n in a d d itio n to t h o s e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
5 W o rk e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 54 a t $ 4 . 40 to $ 4 . 60; 10 a t $ 4 . 60 to $ 4 . 80; 3 a t $ 4 . 80
to $ 5 a n d 17 a t $ 5 . 40 to $ 5 . 60.
Table 13.
Occupational earnings:
Chicago, III.1
( N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
Number
of
worker*
Average $ 2 . 0 0 $ 2 . 0 5 $ 2 . 1 0 $ 2 . 1 5 $ 2 . 2 0 $ 2 . 3 0 $ 2 . 4 0 $ 2 . 5 0 $ 2 . 6 0 $ 2 . 7 0 $ 2 . 8 0 $ 2 . 9 0 $ 3 . 0 0 $ 3 . 1 0 $ 3 . 2 0 $ 3 . 4 0 $ 3 . 6 0 $ 3 . 8 0 $ 4 . 0 0 $ 4 . 2 0 $ 4 . 4 0 $ 4 . 6 0 $ 4 . 8 0 $ 5 . 0 0 $ 5 . 2 0 $ 5 . 4 0
hourly 2
and
and
earning*
under
$ 2 .0 5 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 $ 5 .2 0 $ 5 .4 0
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3- - - - - - --------------------M en - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - W o m e n ----------------------------------- --------------
8,
865
5, 518
3, 347
$ 3 .4 6
3 .6 6
3 . 16
4 ,2 3 3
403
3 ,8 3 0
2, 7 0 1
237
2 ,4 6 4
1 ,5 3 2
1, 3 6 6
194
184
435
3 .3 9
3 . 18
3 .4 1
3 .5 3
3 .5 0
3 .5 3
3 .0 4
3 . 11
J0. 0L 4a
3 ,2 6 6
245
3, 021
148
138
3, 118
235
2, 883
3 .1 6
3 . 11
3 . 17
3 .6 7
3 .6 5
3 . 14
3 .0 7
3 . 14
28
_
5
5
28
96
34
62
10
6
34
6
4
401
310
91
177
142
35
146
93
53
328
243
85
124
83
41
870
566
304
93
61
32
290
40
250
41
136
50
89
29
60
199
38
54
54
18
98
83
63
-
527
53
474
278
38
240
249
234
22
161
116
38
32
6
772
609
163
25
19
485
34
451
186
24
162
299
289
19
7
493
12
8
6
481
321
2
310
172
171
6
2886
571
2315
118
115
3
1591
1562
29
85
73
97
85
12
12
159
31
1430
143
135
23
26
1329
1342
48
9
39
48
9
39
70
71
70
27
-
-
-
4
2
3
“
286
238
48
87
73
14
73
72
32
5
27
32
71
5
-
18
18
16
16
1
over
440
437
3
55
55
"
-
413
22
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s — m e n
C l e a n e r s -------- ----------------------------- ------------D a y w o rk -------- -------- ------------------N i g h t w o r k ----------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ----------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------ ----------------------N i g h tw o r k ----------------------------------------1
C l e a n e r s , lig h t4 ----------------------------------N ig h t w o r k ----------------------------------------e x t e r m i n a t o r s ------------------------------------------W a x e r s , f lo o r -------------------------------------------W indow w a s h e r s -----------------------------------------
3.20
1L
5C. 3o
_
_
_
_
-
5
-
-
5
34
5
12
5
-
-
23
_
_
-
-
6
12
4
4
22
22
2
2
-
86
26
-
-
41
249
209
26
“
20
110
60
6
20
-
20
69
40
4
14
-
8
8
46
46
12
26
32
-
-
22
32
18
8
-
-
18
8
4
4
4
24
24
“
1
36
11
10
12
11
2
"
16
16
119
24
24
79
"
8
8
18
5
5
69
101
101
1241
88
88
“
36
58
1
29
71
1
1
~
70
70
"
-
”
2
“
71
1
1
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s — w o m e n
C l e a n e r s ---------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---- --------------------- --------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y --------------------------------N ig h tw o r k - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ------------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k -----------------------------------------
28
_
28
28
4
-
91
-
-
7
7
-
-
4
91
35
53
4
49
85
62
78
34
298
23
-
-
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
62
4
89
35
53
-
-
4
-
-
62
4
89
35
49
41
7
34
23
-
85
7
78
298
-
298
23
62
35
1 T h e C h ic a g o S t a n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C o o k , D u P ag e , K a n e , L a k e ,
M c H e n r y , a n d W ill C o u n tie s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e o b ta in e d
by d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b y a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r , w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d i n g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t io n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m ay n o t r e f l e c t
41
298
23
6
-
6
-
6
-
6
4 2315
184
-
48
104
4
2
2
-
46
27
25
107
5
4
102
4
109
5
-
2131
55
55
2260
184
2076
2
21
21
-
1
1
1
-
5
24
27
22
2
7
1
6
12
-
14
2
1
6
12
1
1
1
-
-
-
-
7
12
-
12
12
12
14
“
~
-
~
■
-
- •
~
“
~
"
“
“
“
~
2
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r tim e a n d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
t h e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s . S uch
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u la r ly e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y vo r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e rf o r m i n g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c la s s i f i c a t i o n in a d d itio n to t h o s e s h o w n s e p a r a te l y .
Table 14.
Occupational earnings:
Cleveland, Ohio1
(N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e e a r n i n g s 2 of s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
$2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $4.80 $5.0 0
and
o
in
Average $ 2 .0 0 $2.05 $2.10 $2.15 $2.20 $2.30
hourly 2 a n d
earning*
under
$ 2 .0 5 $2.10 $2.15 $2.20 $2.30 $2.40
____ i ft
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3------------------------------M e n -----------------------------------------------------W o m e n -----------------------------------------------
Number
of
worker*
o
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
$2.60 $2.70 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .90 $3.00 $ 3 .10 $ 3 .20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.5 0 $3.6 0 $3.8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $5.00 o v e r
-
10
10
11
5
4
4
13
13
8
8
161
161
7
.
-
_
-
.
-
_
-
6
6
6
6
-
12
12
12
12
s95
-
_
-
_
-
.
-
6
6
.
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
6
-
-
-
-
4
2
2
113
87
26
70
14
56
35
12
23
1201
15
1186
301
38
263
1040
841
199
25
25
26
21
5
96
74
22
4
4
16
16
19
19
80
36
44
80
36
44
14
14
13
_
13
12
.
12
8
8
13
_
13
2
2
31
31
31
31
820
68
752
819
68
751
19
19
19
19
15
15
15
15
73
2
71
73
2
71
1
1
1
1
-
6
6
6
6
8
1
7
8
-
2
.
2
2
2
21
21
6
6
2
2
26
26
56
56
23
23
r 1
6
2
2
26
26
56
56
23
23
263
263
263
263
199
138
103
102
96
36
_
-
5
5
3
3
2
2
21
21
12
12
9
9
_
-
21
21
1186
1181
1
1
1185
1180
-
3 ,3 2 6
1 ,4 7 4
1 ,8 5 2
$ 3 .0 9
3 .4 0
2 . 86
50
24
26
24
24
-
6
6
-
11
_
11
72
51
21
1 ,2 1 7
108
1, 109
1, 194
108
1 ,0 8 6
95
2 .9 9
2 .9 4
2 .9 9
2 .9 9
2 .9 4
3 .0 0
24
.
24
18
.
18
24
_
24
24
24
6
_
6
6
•
6
_
.
-
51
_
51
51
51
_
_
-
1 ,8 5 1
1 ,7 7 9
119
118
1, 732
1 ,6 6 1
2 .8 6
2 .8 5
3 .1 0
3. 10
2 . 84
2 . 83
26
20
_
-
_
-
11
11
26
20
-
-
11
11
6
6
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s - m e n
C l e a n e r s 4 -----------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ----------------------------------------N i g h tw o r k --------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y --------------------------------D a y w o r k ----------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k --------------------------------------W indow w a s h e r s -------------------------------------
1
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s - w o m e n
C l e a n e r s 4 -----------------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k --------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y 4 ------------------------------N ig h tw o r k - ------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t --------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ---------------------------------------
1 T h e C l e v e la n d S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o lita n S t a ti s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s of C u y a h o g a , G e a u g a , L a k e ,
a n d M e d in a C o u n tie s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o rk o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p ay f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if an y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e o b ta in e d
b y d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s by a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r , w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g th e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d in g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p le o f e s ta b l is h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e t h e le v e l o f o c c u p a
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t im e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
w ag e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in t h e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e an d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y ch a n g e in
th e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n an d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y le v e l s . S u ch
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n t h e p e r i o d s b ein g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u l a r l y e m p lo y e d f u ll - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e rf o r m in g
n o n o ffic e fu n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d on a jo b b a s i s , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c l a s s i f i c a t i o n in a d d itio n to t h o s e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
5 A ll w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 5 . 40 to $ 5 . 60.
Table 15. Occupational earnings: Dallas-Fort Worth, Tex.1
(N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3----------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------------------W o m e n ----------------------------------------------
Number
of
workers
Average $ 2 . 0 0 $ 2 . 0 5 $ 2 . 1 0 $ 2 . 1 5 $ 2 . 2 0 $ 2 . 2 5 $ 2 . 3 0 $ 2 . 3 5 $ 2 . 4 0 $ 2 . 4 5 $ 2 . 5 0 $ 2 . 6 0 $ 2 . 7 0 $ 2 . 8 0 $ 2 . 9 0 $ 3 . 0 0 $ 3 . 1 0 $ 3 . 2 0 $ 3 . 3 0 $ 3 . 4 0 $ 3 . 5 0 $ 3 . 6 0 $ 3 . 7 0 $ 3 . 8 0 $ 3 . 9 0 $ 4 . 0 0
hourly 2 a n d
earning*
and
under
$ 2 .0 5 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .3 5 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .4 5 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 .0 0 o v e r
5 ,6 0 0
3, 087
2, 513
$ 2 .2 2
2 .2 7
2 . 15
2681
1203
1478
29
15
14
289
209
80
103
64
39
82
72
10
666
402
264
596
305
291
41
29
12
52
41
11
177
128
49
701
481
220
19
19
2 ,6 8 7
198
2 ,4 8 9
615
494
2 , 072
77
1 ,9 9 5
187
22
2 .2 1
2 .2 9
2 .2 0
2 .2 9
2 .2 6
2 . 18
2 .2 0
2 . 18
2 . 36
2 . 72
1184
19
1165
54
54
1130
19
1111
19
15
34
5
29
17
17
17
5
12
30
72
34
38
49
15
23
26
4
22
15
12
11
1
10
3
41
3
38
24
23
17
2
15
110
60
50
70
10
40
409
4
405
100
96
309
-
-
"
“
268
35
233
102
98
166
31
135
32
2
297
6
291
37
37
260
6
254
_
195
24
171
131
117
64
10
54
12
~
2 ,4 6 2
84
2 , 378
44
2 ,4 1 8
74
2 ,3 4 4
2 . 14
2 .2 7
2 . 13
2 .2 4
2 . 13
2 .2 7
2 . 13
1478
11
1467
14
_
1478
11
1467
14
35
9
26
2
33
9
24
8
_
78
5
73
9
69
3
66
254
33
221
22
232
33
199
291
15
276
8
283
7
276
35
15
20
25
16
9
10
8
2
10
9
13
13
1
"
4
3
1
1
1
3
3
8
1
7
4
3
4
4
8
4
4
8
4
4
8
_
4
3
4
4
8
_
-
20
5
15
3
3
•
1
1
.
4
20
5
15
3
_
_
-
4
j
17
13
4
“
_
_
_
1
8
8
15
15
“
!
18
9
9
"
_
1
.
-
2
2
"
“
_
_
_
9
9
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s - m e n
C l e a n e r s ------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ---------------------------------------N ig h t w o r k ------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y 4 -----------------------------N i g h t w o r k -------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t --------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k -------------------------------------W a x e r s , f l o o r ----------------------------------------W indow w a s h e r s ------------------------------------
_
15
11
11
4
_
4
_
23
_
_
8
_
_
_
40
18
309
52
"
"
6
2
4
11
47
2
45
212
2
210
6
2
4
11
47
2
45
212
2
210
15
**
4
_
_
4
_
“
“
3
1
1
4
4
4
4
_
_
4
4
_
_
_
_
4
4
_
_
_
_
2
1
1
“
~
2
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s - w o m e n
C l e a n e r s -----------------------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h ,e a v y ------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t --------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k -------------------------------------
_
14
_
14
_
8
2
6
_
6
1 T h e D a l l a s - F o r t W o rth S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a ti s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C o llin , D a lla s ,
D e n to n , E l l i s , H ood, J o h n s o n , K a u fm a n , b a r k e r , R o c k w a ll, T a r r a n t , a n d W ise C o u n tie s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , bu t in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e r e o b ta in e d
b y d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s by a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o r k e r s , h o w e v e r, w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d i n g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t io n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t im e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
_
11
11
_
_
_
1
4
-
3
-
4
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r tim e a n d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
th e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s . S u c h
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n t h e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u la r ly e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m i n g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d on a jo b b a s i s , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 In c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c la s s if i c a t io n in a d d itio n to t h o s e s h o w n s e p a r a te l y .
Table 16. Occupational earnings: Denver-Boulder, Colo.1
(N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s - ------------------------------M e n - - - -------------------------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------------------------
Nun)be.
of
Average
$ 2 .0 0 $2.05 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .25 $ 2 .3 0 $2.35 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $3.3 0 $3.4 0 $3.5 0 $3.6 0 $3.8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $4.20 $4.40
hourly 2
earning* U n d e r a n d
a nd
$ 2 .0 0 u n d e r
$ 2 .0 5 $2 .1 0 $2 .1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .25 $ 2 .3 0 $2 .3 5 $ 2 .40 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $3.8 0 $4,0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $4.40 o v e r
3 ,0 3 1
1 ,8 1 0
$ 2 .6 5
2 .7 9
2 .4 3
36
36
289
164
125
2 .5 5
2 .6 5
2 .5 2
120
11
6
_
12
-
109
26
6
6
126
7
1 ,2 2 1
10
6
4
194
148
46
33
115
17
98
166
99
67
87
69
18
3
3
10
.
10
77
19
58
3
3
4
22
69
7
62
5
.
_
4
.
.
.
6
7
15
55
.
12
6
43
“
4
6
17
97
54
9
45
51
7
44
10
23
369
131
238
75
53
22
872
535
337
226
337
16
321
251
133
10
21
_
241
58
54
41
13
18
20
156
70
95
59
36
58
38
28
20
16
12
83
64
19
1
18
15
3
1
12
3
3
9
„
3
_
_
3
5
.
12
_
.
2
_
_
3
9
.
_
_
_
_
_
3
3
3
6
5
11
8
3
8
5
3
34
25
9
26
17
9
27
18
9
_
5
3
3
3
2
_
3
3
_
2
12
12
12
12
-
-
8
_
3
3
_
3
3
2
6
_
-
-
141
132
9
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s - m e n
C l e a n e r s __________________________________
D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ----------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ----------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ----------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ------------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ----------------------------------------W a x e r s , f l o o r -------------------------------------------
1, 174
181
993
553
74
479
621
107
514
355
2 .6 8
_
2 .8 3
2 .6 5
2 .4 0
2 .4 6
2 .3 8
2 .6 2
_
.
_
.
_
1, 147
266
881
920
259
661
27
2 .4 3
2 .5 1
2 .4 0
2 .4 1
2 .5 1
2 .3 7
2 .7 0
-
138
-
_
_
26
94
6
_
7
131
11
.
_
119
83
-
-
12
2
.
_
5
64
7
57
-
74
34
11
2
63
26
3
23
48
32
6
1
5
28
8
1
86
6
40
53
27
17
80
183
233
27
206
233
27
206
20
1
326
15
311
113
62
71
79
38
4
34
20
18
4
14
18
18
9
9
18
9
9
.
_
_
14
6
_
6
.
_
37
4
33
27
2
_
25
6
6
6
10
2
8
22
14
5
9
14
5
9
19
15
4
19
15
4
_
_
1
1
_
_
3
_
1
_
3
4
3
2
-
1
3
_
3
3
.
3
3
3
3
.
3
3
_
3
3
3
3
39
6
33
30
6
24
9
9
2
-
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s - w o m e n
C l e a n e r s 4 -------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ----------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ------------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ----------------------------------------W a x e r s , f l o o r -------------------------------------------
36
s 36
.
36
536
.
110
47
63
4
_
110
4
4
47
63
4
.
44
.
44
44
.
44
.
17
17
.
97
97
.
.
17
97
1 T h e D e n v e r - B o u ld e r S t a n d a r d M e tr o p o lita n S t a ti s t i c a l A re a c o n s is t s o f A d a m s , A ra p a h o e ,
B o u ld e r , D e n v e r , D o u g la s , G ilp in , a n d J e f f e r s o n C o u n tie s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s w e r e o b ta in e d
by d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b y a g g r e g a te w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r , w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g th e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d in g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d on a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p le o f e s ta b l is h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e t h e le v e l o f o c c u p a
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d i e s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
18
4
14
18
4
14
2
19
10
1
9
10
103
8
69
63
6
69
63
6
1
36
26
10
35
26
9
4
_
4
4
_
4
14
_
1
1
_
1
_
9
_
_
_
_
.
3
_
_
_
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
2
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r tim e a n d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
t h e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y le v e l s . S u ch
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n t h e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u l a r l y e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m in g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c l a s s i f i c a t i o n in a d d itio n to th o s e s h o w n s e p a r a te l y .
5 A ll w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 1 . 7 5 to $ 1 .8 0 .
Table 17. Occupational earnings: Detroit, M ich.1
( N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3 ------------ — ------------M e n --------------------------------- -----------------W o m e n - - --------------------------------------------
Number
of
worker*
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING 8TRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
$ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .05 $ 2 .1 0 ^ 1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .30 W t t $2750 $2T 0" $2.70 $ 2 .80 $2 .9 0 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.6 0 $3.80 $4.00 $4.4 0 $4.8 0 $5.2 0 W Z Z
Average
hourly 2 J n d e r a n d
earning*
and
$ 2 .0 0 u n d e r
$2.05 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .15 $2 .2 0 $2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 $3.00 $ 3 .10 $3.20 $3.3 0 $3.40 $3.60 $3.8 0 $4.0 0 $4.4 0 $4.8 0 $5.2 0 $5.60 o v e r
4 ,5 2 8
2 , 703
1 ,8 2 5
$ 3 . 11
3 .3 4
2 .7 7
14
2 , 078
543
1 ,5 3 5
752
197
555
1, 326
346
980
151
2 .9 3
2 .9 5
2 .9 2
3 .0 6
10
54
10
1
10
44
4
_
10
4
123
54
69
38
126
47
79
5
17
22
16
6
5
16
22
22
47
16
_
4
4
_
18
18
37
13
22
22
16
66
21
35
8
91
69
45
27
22
11
8
8
1
3
7
_
_
_
69
43
26
422
27 0
152
257
170
87
179
84
95
1658
67 9
97 9
108
58
50
254
187
67
421
364
57
131
108
23
34
33
97
81
23
58
25
671
163
508
48
111
10
35
76
560
128
432
..
312
54
258
204
26
178
108
28
80
52
89
9
80
89
9
80
-
33
15
18
26
12
155
51
104
87
19
1
52
46
16
16
22
8
16
177
165
140
140
1
6
-
6
12
-
13
4
9
13
4
9
_
-
8
2
6
8
2
6
35
16
19
14
_
14
11
11
15
5
21
11
11
-
-
1
_
4
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
11
10
60
_
6
_
_
6
_
73
71
38
36
2
2
71
34
37
36
3
33
35
31
4
_
9
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n
C l e a n e r s ------------------------------------------------D a y w o rk ----------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ----------- -----------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ------------------ ---------- D a y w o rk ----------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k - — ------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t --------------------------------D a y w o rk -------------------------------- -----N i g h t w o r k ----------------------------- -----W a x e r s , f l o o r ----------------------------------------V?inaow W osnc r 8
■■■»■' —' >•—
86
_
10
10
1
1
_
_
44
_
44
_
_
4
_
4
_
2 .8 6
3 . 15
2 .8 5
3 .0 0
2 .7 8
3 . 17
5 .6 2
10
_
10
_
16
16
_
10
10
3
34
_
34
_
8
8
3
_
3
8
1
7
_
10
12
11
1
57
32
25
-
197
34
163
24
23
1
173
11
162
30
21
76
42
3
39
55
18
37
-
13
56
11
45
_
6
42
4
6
38
2
36
10
68
68
32
36
19
_
8
18
7
7
_
20
_
_
16
5
_
_
_
_
.
10
15
5
10
_
-
_
_
.
.
_
.
.
„
4 10
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —w o m e n
C l e a n e r s 5 ---------------------------------------------u a y w o r k ™————
N i g h t w o r k --------------------------------- t^ ie a n e rs , ngnx
D a y w o rk *
————
N ig h tw o r k
1 ,7 7 5
292
1 ,4 8 3
1 5 84
270
1, 314
2 .7 5
4
2 .5 9
2 . 79
4
4
49
69
4
49
2 .7 2
2 .5 6
2 ! 76
69
20
20
17
17
17
17
6
6
6
6
16
79
45
27
10
12
3
22
10
12
21
9
69
33
24
12
12
10
12
3
4
69
79
33
45
24
27
16
12
4
1 T h e D e t r o i t S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f L a p e e r , L iv in g s to n , M a c o m b ,
O a k la n d , S t. C l a i r , a n d W ay n e C o u n tie s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o rk o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e r e o b ta in e d
b y d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b y a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o r k e r s , h o w e v e r, w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d i n g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
151
18
133
151
18
133
81
45
36
79
44
35
95
46
49
95
46
49
972
73
899
876
61
815
50
14
36
50
14
36
23
61
2
39
6
4
59
33
33
19
11
3
8
5
1
32
1
2
2
1
6
1
2
2
1
6
5
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in t h e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e a n d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
th e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s . S u c h
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u l a r l y e m p lo y e d f u ll - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m i n g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s i s , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 W o rk e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 43 a t $ 5 . 60 to $ 6 , a n d 17 a t $ 6 to $ 6 . 40.
5 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c l a s s i f i c a t i o n in a d d itio n to t h o s e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
Table 18. Occupational earnings: Houston Tex.1
( N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s i n s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3- - - -------------- --------- -_
W om en
$2 .0 0 $ 2 .05 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .3 5 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .4 5 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $3.1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $3.3 0 $3.4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $3.80 $3.90
Under a n d
and
$ 2 .0 0 u n d e r
$2 .0 5 $2 .1 0 $ 2 .1 5 $2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .3 5 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .4 5 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 .8 0 $3.90 o v e r
Number
of
workers
Averece
7 ,4 0 8
3, 174
4 ,2 3 4
$ 2 .2 5
2 .4 0
2 . 13
2 , 184
328
1 ,8 5 6
828
234
594
1 ,3 5 6
94
1 ,2 6 2
358
2 . 11
2 .2 3
2 .0 8
2 . 19
2 .2 3
2 .1 6
2 .0 6
2 .2 3
2 .0 4
2 .4 5
-
3 ,9 8 6
717
3 ,2 6 9
205
3 ,7 8 1
636
3, 145
2 .0 9
2 .3 1
2 .0 3
2 .2 9
2 .0 8
2 .2 8
50
50
50
50
3956
1181
2775
232
13
21 9
44 3
27 5
41
19
53
43
168
22
10
30
29
-
16
~
-
5
16
jj
5
9
13
3
8
1
10
7
309
184
125
220
3
552
156
1C
5
1
A ll
154
i va
1
144
93
113
47
3
66
121
4
2
3
3
88
50
6
24
16
30
106
39
106
6
in
1U?A
32
102
1
181
39
155
95
60
26
23
3
1049
593
456
8
1
1
170
145
25
321
80
241
13
13
15
26
5
5
26
-
-
5
5
_
_
_
-
-
-
5
_
_
20
5
122
103
19
20
_
15
5
3
3
10
10
20
15
5
5
5
16
16
_
135
125
10
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s - m e n
C l e a n e r s ----------------------- --— ------ — - - —
D a y w o r k ----------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k —————————————————————
C l e a n e r s , h e a v y --------------------------------D a y w o rk -------- --------------------- ------- N ig h tw o r k —————————————————————
C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ----------------------------------D a y w o rk ——————————————————————
N ig h t w o r k --------------------------------------WsLxcfSf f lo o r
—— —
*
1108
109
999
205
75
130
903
34
869
34
O
-
266
A?
20 4
2 86
13
29
A1
OI
5
<*A
73
OJ
C
117
70
Co
89
39
7
07
j C
3
88
6
109
77
21
1
In
V/
II
139
109
1
ft
10
1n/
11
8
1
7
1
11
1
1n
u
_
10
20
10
5
25
-
10
10
20
20
10
5
5
6
20
45
-
-
_
_
_
_
5
_
_
-
-
-
5
5
_
_
_
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
S e le c te d s e rv ic e o c c u p a tio n s-w o m e n
C l e a n e r s -------- ---------- -— ----------------------D a y w o rk — — ----------------- -------- N ig h tw o r k ---------- -------- -----------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y --------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ----------------------------------D a y w o rk - — ------------ --------- ------------N i g h t w o r k — -----------------------------------
2 .0 2
50
50
193
2 221
1
73
2539
95
192
L
O
187
ooc
218
244 7
186
1 T h e H o u s to n S t a n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s of B r a z o r i a , F o r t B en d , H a r r i s ,
L i b e r t y , M o n tg o m e ry , a n d W a lle r C o u n tie s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o rk o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b ut
in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if an y . A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e o b ta in e d
b y d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b y a g g r e g a te w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r , w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g th e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d in g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d on a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p le o f e s ta b l is h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e th e le v e l of o c c u p a
16
5
15
1n
xu
11
1
5
3
34
^45
356
10
5
5
5
214
214
48
166
166
1n
X
u
tio n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t im e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d i e s m ay not r e f l e c t
w ag e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e an d a s s o c i a t e d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
t h e s a m p l e c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y le v e l s . S uch
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u la r ly e m p lo y e d f u ll - t i m e an d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e rf o r m in g
n o n o ffic e fu n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d .
Table 19.
Occupational earnings:
Kansas City, Mo.-Kans.1
( N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
Number
of
workers
$ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .0 5 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0
A Tenge
hourly 2
earnings
U n d er a n d
$ 2 .0 0 under
and
$ 2 .0 5 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3--------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------------------------W o m e n --------------------------------------------------
2 , 104
1 ,4 0 0
704
$ 2 .9 8
3 .0 8
2 .7 7
25
25
-
25
13
12
1 ,0 4 5
63
982
713
63
650
332
71
25
58
2 .8 3
24
2
_
-
_
14
9
5
5
-
5
9
8
8
n
"
45
9
36
-
3
8
2
_
_
_
2
_
-
_
129
97
32
96
26
70
622
297
325
62
44
18
735
569
166
91
85
6
33
27
6
22
19
3
84
9
23
282
15
267
154
15
139
128
39
531
20
511
477
20
457
54
32
11
2
7
7
17
12
5
51
41
10
14
14
1
1
-
-
20
20
44
42
2
over
10
10
8
8
16
16
“
“
“
.
-
-
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s - m e n
C l e a n e r s ---------------------------------------------------..
N i g h t w o r k ----------------------------------------____y
vT
.
N ig h tw o rk
C l e a n e r s , lig h t , n ig h tw o r k -----------------W a x e rs y f l o o r - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
7
Q1
2 .8 2
7
7
7
24
2
.
9
ft Q
1
ftQ
Q
2 .7 0
3 .5 9
3 . 14
4 ^8
24
2
-
-
9
2
-
-
-
75
9
9
23
75
23
38
36
35
3
g
2
9
21
30
11
19
2
6
7
-
-
6
2
4
2
_
-
_
8
_
-
-
_
8
8
4
-
-
6
8
_
_
7
7
2
13
1
-
-
-
-
-
5
6
2
5
2
11
34
6
47
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s - w o m e n
C l e a n e r s ---------------------------------------------------u a y w o rK - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - N i g h t w o r k ----------------------------------------. ,
*
,
y
C l e a n e r s , l i g h t 5 ----------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ----------------------------------------
633
27
606
171
159
462
447
2 .8 0
2 65
2 ! 81
5
9
3
3
(y
-
3
-
-
5
-
-
-
28
70
321
3
18
1
28
70
318
18
18
10
10
8
8
7
2 .9 5
2 ! 73
2 .7 5
_
9
3
_
_
18
5
5
3
1 T h e K a n s a s C ity S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f C a s s , C la y , J a c k s o n , P l a tt e ,
a n d R a y C o u n tie s , M o. ; a n d J o h n s o n a n d W y a n d o tte C o u n tie s , K a n s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e r e o b ta in e d
b y d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b y a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r, w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d i n g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p le o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t io n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
4
3
4
1
28
28
70
70
303
300
163
12
151
141
129
22
22
-
-
-
.
.
2
10
_
_
2
2
2
10
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
_
-
10
10
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s i n t h e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e a nd a s s o c i a t e d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
th e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s . S u c h
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n t h e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u la r ly e m p lo y e d f u ll - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m i n g n o n
o f fic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , th o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 A ll w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 5 to $ 5 . 20.
5 In c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c l a s s if i c a t io n in a d d itio n to t h o s e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
Table 20.
O ccupational earnings:
Los Angeles-Long Beach, C a lif.1
(N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
Number
of
worker*
Average $2 .00 $ 2 .0 5 $2.10 $ 2 .1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .25 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .2 0 $3.40 $3.6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $4.0 0 $4.20 $4.40 $ 4 .6 0 $4.80 $ 5 .0 0 $5.20
hourly
•anting* * a n d
and
under
$ 2 .0 5 $ 2 .1 0 $2.15 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $3.6 0 $3.80 $4.00 $4.20 $4.40 $4.60 $ 4 .8 0 $5.00 $5.2 0 o v e r
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3--------------------------------M e n -------------------------------------------------------W o m e n -------------------------------------------------
1 1 ,6 4 1
8 ,9 8 8
2 ,6 5 3
$ 3 . 18
3 .2 5
2 .9 1
299
250
49
45
44
1
139
139
~
59
33
26
109
107
2
660
407
253
406
27 4
132
250
178
72
1202
827
375
185
137
48
459
371
88
367
235
132
164 2 615 2741
143 1795 2222
21
82 0
519
641
582
59
210
192
18
119
107
12
112
100
12
239
14
225
44
7
7
3
32
2
30
3
2
1
29
107
107
377
3
374
22
251
12
239
21
12
9
230
159
18
141
38
12
26
121
6
115
668
122
546
44
5
39
624
117
507
119
22
97
69
5
64
50
17
33
1
2
348
29
319
82
9
73
266
20
246
1
21
202
5
197
76
5
71
126
104 1494 1584
40 0
9
459
95 1094 1125
5 47 0
456
„
61
48
5 409
408
99 1024 1128
411
9
339
90
685
717
3
1
43
555
6
3
215
14
201
192
13
179
23
1
22
121
88
-
95
15
80
78
6
72
17
9
8
2
29
-
25
6
19
22
3
19
3
3
18
9
-
-
18
18
9
-
-
6
52
-
19
6
15
_
7
12
12
3
9
_
7
7
7
12
53
53
-
82
80
2
64
52
12
45
45
"
360
360
-
255
255
-
S e le c te d s e rv ic e o c c u p a tio n s-m e n
C l e a n e r s ---------------------------------- -------- -----D a y w o rk — --------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------------- ----------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ----------------------------------D a y w o r k ----------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ---------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l ig h t — --------------------------------D a y w o r k -----------------------------------------N ig h t w o r k ----------------------------------------E x t e r m i n a t o r s ------------------------------------------W a x e r s , f lo o r ---------- ---------- ------ -------------W in d o w w a s h e r s -------------------- -- — ------------
6 ,0 9 7
1, 130
4 ,9 6 7
1 ,5 9 9
181
1 ,4 1 8
4 ,4 9 8
949
3 ,5 4 9
549
865
220
2 .9 5
3 .1 1
2 .9 1
3. 19
3. 11
3 .2 0
2 .8 6
3. 11
2 .7 9
4 .7 0 .
3 .3 6
5. 14
2 ,5 2 6
475
2 , 051
285
248
2 ,2 4 1
438
1 ,8 0 3
2 .9 0
3 .0 3
2 .8 7
3 .0 2
3. 07
2 .8 8
3 .0 6
2 .8 4
-
44
_ _
_
_
239
14
225
44
_
44
_ _
_ _
_
3
4
_ _
29
_
_ _
4
_
_
_
107
_
107
_
_
_
22
355
3
352
_
_
_
230
1
_
_
_
_
53
_
126
8
6
_
_
18
_
_
_
_
_
9
_
9
9
-
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_ _
30
16
_
9
-
4
-
1
_
_
_
_
_
-
41
-
-
_
-
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
179 4112
_
124
*67
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s - w o m e n
C l e a n e r s ---------- ------ --------------------------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------N ig h t w o r k ------ -------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ------------------------------ N ig h t w o r k ----------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t --------------------- -------------D a y w o r k ------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k -------- — ---------------------------
48
_
48
_
1
1
_
1
_
_
_ _
48
48
26
_ _
_
_
_
_
“
2
_
26
1
1
25
2
25
2
_
2
_
_
_
240
18
222
_
_
240
18
222
126
25
101
12
5
114
18
96
'
1 T h e L o s A n g e le s -L o n g B e a c h S t a n d a r d M e tr o p o lita n S t a ti s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f L o s
A n g e le s
C o u n ty .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t i n c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s w e r e o b ta in e d
by d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s by a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r , w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d in g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s ta b l is h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e t h e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in t h e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e a n d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
t h e s a m p l e c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if t s in e m p lo y m e n t am o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s . S u c h
68
5
63
8
3
60
_
60
359
40
319
17
9
342
32
310
47
23
24
11
9
36
21
15
83
4
79
25
21
58
125
1
124
32
31
93
58
93
_
_
20
7
13
1
1
19
7
12
804
209
595
111
105
693
203
4 90
514
136
378
45
45
469
136
333
32
3
29
14
11
18
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
12
_
12
18
'
„
12
3
9
_
_
_
'
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
‘
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
'
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u l a r l y e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m i n g n o n
o f fic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a j o b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s fo llo w s : 29 a t $ 5 . 2 0 to $ 5 .4 0 ; 27 a t $ 5 .4 0 to $ 5 .6 0 ; 20 a t
$ 5 .6 0 to $ 5 . 8 0 ; 4 a t $ 5 .8 0 to $ 6 ; 5 a t $ 6 to $ 6 . 2 0 ; 2 a t $ 6 . 2 0 to $ 6 . 4 0 ; a n d 25 a t $ 6 . 40 a nd
o v e r.
5 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s fo llo w s : 9 a t $ 5 . 2 0 to $ 5 .4 0 ; 3 a t $ 5 . 4 0 to $ 5 . 60;8 a t$ 5. 60
to $ 5 . 8 0 ; a n d 47 a t $ 6 to $ 6 . 20.
6 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c la s s i f i c a t i o n in a d d itio n to t h o s e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
tab le 21.
Occupational earnings:
Memphis, Tenn.-Ark.-Miss.1
( N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3
______ ________
M e n ________________________ _______
W o m e n ----------------------------------------------
Number
at
worker*
1 ,9 0 4
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
Average $2 .0 0 $2.05 $2 .1 0 $2.15 $2 .2 0 $2.25 $2.30 $2.35 $ 2 .40 $2.45 $2.50 "$2755 $2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .80 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 13^50 $3.6 0 $3.70 J T M $3.90
and
and
eaminci 2 u n d e r
$2.05 $2 .1 0 $2.15 $2 .2 0 $2.25 $2.30 $2.35 $ 2 .40 $2.45 $ 2 .50 $2.55 $2.60 $ 2 .7 0 $2 .8 0 $2.90 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.4 0 $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 o v e r
1245
578
667
70
26
44
2 .1 9
2 .4 9
2 .1 5
2 .1 8
2 .1 6
2 .1 8
547
30
517
362
26
12
26
2
350
24
18
2 .0 8
2 .0 8
2 .0 8
2 .0 8
667
657
667
657
44
40
44
40
34
24
34
24
1 ,0 2 0
$ 2 .2 9
2 .4 4
884
2 .1 0
854
90
764
583
23
560
878
847
875
845
68
34
34
26
14
12
33
18
15
42
27
15
141
15
9
16
26
10
11
10
4
101
6
5
16
6
40
10
4
4
4
4
86
40
40
40
40
17
15
7
3
4
28
24
4
3
3
21
3
3
18
18
1
2
1
2
2
16
1
1
4
2
1
1
1
3
4
3
2
2
2
2
29
29
■
15
7
8
6
2
1
1
2
2
"
2
1
1
1
-
-
-
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
-
-
7
7
7
1
18
5
3
2
2
2
1
3
3
“
7
3
4
4
4
1
1
1
-
7
7
8
8
•
3
3
_
12
12
-
3
3
-
65
60
5
1
5
5
5
5
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s —
m en
C l e a n e r s __________________________
D a y w o r k _________________ ___________
N ig h tw o r k ___________________________
C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ------------------------------------D a y w o r k ____________________________
N ig h tw o r k ___________________________
15
27
9
2
1
1
1
1
-
27
19
13
14
6
21
2
24
7
10
12
1
11
11
1
10
15
15
5
4
3
3
12
10
11
15
13
15
13
15
15
15
15
6
6
6
6
5
5
5
5
16
6
16
5
16
6
16
5
28
1
14
6
1
5
9
9
13
73
70
3
67
2
-
-
20
1
-
1
-
2
2
2
4
3
3
1
1
1
5
5
5
5
1
-
-
-
_
-
-
1
1
-
2
-
5
-
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s —
w om en
C l e a n e r s 4 ________________________________
N ig h tw o r k ___^ __________________ ___
C l e a n e r s , lig h t ---- ------------ --------------N ig h tw o r k -------- --------------------------------
9
1 T h e M e m p h is S t a n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f S h elb y a n d T ip to n C o u n tie s ,
T e n n . ; C r i tt e n d e n C o u n ty , A r k . ; a n d D eS o to C o u n ty , M is s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t i n c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e r e o b ta in e d
by d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b y a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r, w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d i n g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e t h e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t io n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t im e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
7
6
5
5
2
2
2
2
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in t h e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e a n d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
th e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if t s in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s . S u ch
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u l a r l y e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a nd p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m i n g n o n
o f fic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 In c lu d e s w o r k e r s in c l a s s i f i c a t i o n in a d d itio n to t h o s e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
Table 22.
Occupational earnings:
Miami, Fla.1
(N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 of s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t , J u ly 1974)
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3M e n----------------- -----W o m e n -------------
—— -
Number
of
worker*
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
Aremge $ 2 . 0 0 $ 2 .0 5 $ 2 . 1 0 $ 2 .1 5 $ 2 . 2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .3 5 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .4 5 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .5 5 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0
hourly 2 and
earning*
a nd
under
$ 2 .0 5 $ 2 . 1 0 $ 2 .1 5 $ 2 . 2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .3 5 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .4 5 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .5 5 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 o v e r
2 ,4 2 9
1, 744
685
$ 2 .6 6
2.81
2 .1 8
934
4 478
456
85
51
34
44
35
9
45
45
-
202
-
1, 021
222
2.4 0
2.69
2.29
2 .5 7
3.1 9
2 .4 7
2.35
2.62
433
51
382
103
_
-
49
17
32
7
34
17
17
36
18
18
2
6
119
5
114
18
1
1
143
59
7
5
42
11
12
12
2
31
-
3
3
4
2
2
5
5
1
-
2
24
3
249
1
2
220
46
34
21
29
12
3
10
_
-
144
38
106
39
6
6
7
3
4
79 ,
69
74
68
6
46
35
95
87
11
8
42
42
-
112
1
4
23
13
12
20
_
10
12
12
13
7
113
74
71
3
35
32
3
27
24
3
43
43
-
27
5
5
9
22
3
5
32
32
26
23
3
49
49
26
8
6
3
10
5
3
..
_
-
3
3
3
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s —
m en
C le a n e rs _
D a y w o rk _
__
N ig h tw o rk —
C l e a n e r s , h e a v y __ — __
D a y w o rk __N ig h tw o rk ____
C l e a n e r s , lig h t ___ —
_ _
D a y w o rk __________ ___—
N ig h tw o rk __ __
_
E x te rm in a to rs
_
___
799
288
31
257
733
191
542
241
150
10
2 .6 8
103
330
51
279
28
-
2.15
2 .1 8
2.1 5
2.15
2.1 7
2.1 4
456
57
399
456
57
399
_
34
13
_
-
21
2 .2 2
3.4 2
7
42
17
25
-
2
6
18
32
17
15
-
30
18
101
1
2
4
5
96
2
2
2
12
6
1
20
-
_
59
2
2
-
50
59
9
50
"
3
3
_
_
-
3
2
1
-
-
31
_
_
_
-
_
-
2
29
105
28
77
7
34
_
-
6
2
32
9
23
29
9
4
20
2
6
6
1
1
_
7
-
_
3
_
3
4
4
-
3
11
8
6
8
22
21
13
5
3
14
7
20
6
4
1
2
2
3
_
_
_
4
-
1
4
2
2
19
_
_
18
-
38
4
18
_
18
9
5
4
24
-
12
10
3
7
10
10
2
2
3
_
_
_
15
-
9
3
_
3
16
15
_
15
6
11
10
1
10
_
6
8
8
6
3
3
_
3
5
3
_
_
6
11
3
17
3
3
6
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s —
w om en
C le a n e rs 5
— ----D a y w o rlt
. .
N ig h tw o rk .__
C l e a n e r s , lig h t- _ _
__ —
D a y w o rk
...
._
N ig h tw o rk __ -
657
106
551
651
104
547
34
13
21
9
9
9
9
9
-
2
2
3
28
30
3
27
1 T h e M ia m i S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s of D ade C o u n ty .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o rk o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s w e r e o b ta in e d
by d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s by a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r , w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g th e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d in g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p le o f e s ta b l is h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e th e le v e l o f o c c u p a
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e a n d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
-
"
27
6
21
27
6
21
_
_
_
-
_
-
_
n
3
3
3
3
_
_
6
11
5
8
8
_
_
_
3
3
3
3
3
3
_
_
_
_
3
3
_
3
-
6
8
-
-
3
3
3
-
-
3
-
8
2
6
8
3
5
t h e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if t s in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s . S uch
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u la r ly e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m in g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , th o s e h i r e d on a jo b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d
4 In c lu d e s w o r k e r u n d e r $ 2
5 I n c lu d e s w o r k e r s in c l a s s i f i c a t i o n in a d d itio n to t h o s e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
Tab le 23.
O ccupational earnings:
M inneapolis-St. Paul, M inn.-W is.1
{ N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3 ----------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------------------W o m e n -----------------------------------------------
Number
of
worker*
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
$2.00 $2.05 $2.10 $2.15 $ 2 .2 0 $2.25 $2.30 $ 2 .4 0 $2 .5 0 $2 .6 0 $2 .7 0 $2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $3.4 0 $3.6 0 $3.8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0
Avene*
hourly ,
u n io p U n d e i a n d
and
$ 2 .0 0 u n d e r
$2.05 $2.10 $2.15 $2.20 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $2.40 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $3.6 0 $3.8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $4.4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $4.8 0 o v e r
2 ,8 5 6
2 ,4 3 4
422
$ 3 . 12
3. 16
2 . 79
10
10
-
164
154
10
2 ,2 7 0
1 ,7 8 0
560
45
515
1, 710
1 ,2 6 5
82
3 .0 6
3 .0 4
3 .6 8
3. 70
3 .6 8
2 .7 0
2 .5 7
4 .3 2
10
10
10
10
422
23 7
41 7
23 3
2 .7 9
2 .5 4
2 .7 9
2 .5 3
-
23
23
-
46
46
-
13
13
-
20
20
-
39
39
39
18
18
18
2
2
2
2
2
2
_
_
39
18
2
2
-
-
-
_
1
5
40
2
_
_
_
_
-
_
.
71
57
14
90
86
4
194
164
30
114
100
14
95
81
14
33
14
19
129
110
19
14
14
-
189
164
25
72
58
14
45 0
302
148
265
245
20
321
235
86
27
27
-
16
14
2
96
96
-
240
2 37
3
124
124
-
40
40
154
154
57
57
86
86
163
163
100
100
81
81
14
14
108
108
14
14
4
148
123
20
58
56
301
98
10
24 0
208
43
231
58
20
26
26
18
10
10
4
57
57
86
86
163
163
100
100
81
81
14
14
108
108
4
10
10
20
128
103
10
291
88
43
197
165
20
211
38
18
8
8
1
4
6
6
215
176
213
37
176
2
116
no
116
6
no
154
154
77
67
51
2
49
26
18
7
2
_
_
-
3
2
_
-
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n
C l e a n e r s 4 ------------------------------------- --------N ig h tw o r k --------------------------------------o i c s t n c r s 9 n c a v y ■1,1 " ■ >—— ■
D ayw o rk
*
C l e a n e r s , l ig h t 4--------------------------------N ig h tw o r k --------------------------------------w in u o w W aoiie r s
58
56
-
-
15
_
5 “
11
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —w o m e n
C l e a n e r s * - ---------------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ---- .--------------------------------L>i62in6rs, iig n t
jNignrwo riv" ———————
_
10
10
10
10
_
_
14
14
14
14
4
4
4
4
30
30
30
30
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
1 T h e M in n e a p o lis —S t. P a u l S t a n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s of A n o k a , C a r v e r ,
C h ic a g o , D a k o ta , H e n n e p in , R a m s e y , S c o tt, W a s h in g to n , a n d W rig h t C o u n tie s , M in n .; a n d S t. C r o ix
C o u n ty , W is.
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e r e o b ta in e d
b y d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b y a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r , w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d i n g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
_
-
25
25
25
25
14
10
14
10
148
56
148
56
20
18
20
18
86
2
84
_
_
_
_
_
2
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s i n t h e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e a n d a s s o c i a t e d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
t h e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n -and s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s . S u c h
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n t h e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u la r ly e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m i n g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s i s , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c l a s s i f i c a t i o n i n a d d itio n to t h o s e s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
5 A ll w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 4 .8 0 to $ 5 .
Table 24.
Occupational earnings:
Nassau-Suffolk, N .Y.1
( N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3----------------------------M e n -----------------------------------------------------W o m e n ------------------------------------------------
Number
of
worken
A nnp
hourly i
earnings
2 ,2 8 4
1 ,9 7 0
314
$ 3 .3 0
3 .3 8
2 .7 4
1 ,4 5 6
376
1 ,0 8 0
880
3 . 17
3 . 57
3 .0 1
3 .3 9
4 . 03
3 . 15
2 .7 5
2 .7 2
3 .8 6
3 .2 9
5 .0 2
$ 2 . 8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 . 0 0 $ 3 . 1 0 $ 3 . 2 0 $ 3 . 3 0 $ 3 . 4 0 $ 3 . 6 0 $ 3 . 8 0 $ 4 . 0 0 $ 4 . 2 0 $ 4 . 4 0
$T5o
$ 2 . 0 5 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 . 1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 . 2 5 $ 2 . 3 0 $ 2 . 3 5 $ 2 . 4 0 $ 2 . 4 5 $ 2 . 5 0 $ 2 . 6 0 $ 2 . 7 0 $ 2 . 8 0 £ 2 .9 0 $ 3 . 0 0 $ 3 . 1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 . 3 0 $ 3 . 4 0 $ 3 . 6 0 $ 3 . 8 0 $ 4 . 0 0 $ 4 . 2 0 $ 4 . 4 0 $ 4 . 6 0
over
$ 2 .0 0 $ 2 . 0 5 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 . 1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 . 2 5 $ 2 . 3 0 $ 2 . 3 5 $ 2 . 4 0 $ 2 . 4 5 J 2 . 5 0
$ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0
and
under
and
7
3
4
123
79
44
8
6
2
13
10
12
1
6
4
7
6
23
3
79
12
6
6
4
23
3
79
4
16
6
1
6
1
12
11
_
2
19
12
10
-
7
5
7
_
7
6
_
9
45
23
22
13
348
284
64
29
18
119
11
33
279
126
153
48
18
58
18
57
30
86
32
17
15
345
326
19
197
181
75
71
4
157 '
134
23
10
95
5
90
30
57
51
57
90
19
71
42
1
6
1
51
41
48
30
4
3
16
18
18
180
169
-
11
8
124
19
105
151
138
13
66
65
1
59
59
30
28
87
87
2
-
2
-
64
36
28
63
36
27
12
10
2
10
10
10
30
28
2
2
20
.
_
_
4
2
141
139
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n
C l e a n e r s ----------------------------------- -------------N i g h tw o r k --------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ---------------------------------
211
N ig h tw o r k --------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t 5 --------------------------------N i g h tw o r k ---------------------------------------
669
576
411
150
91
28
10
10
•
29
28
28
1
316
51
265
314
51
263
9
9
2
2
29
65
61
6
6
5
j
44
1
_
10
1
1
..
10
10
_
6
1
1
_
23
23
1
2
2
16
63
63
11
1
1
1
5
5
6
6
2
2
2
47
231
106
_
18
18
6
_
_
2
'
3
5
5
3
2
3
3
2
101
19
82
23
23
28
4
91
31
60
60
13
47
31
13
14
19
44
32
12
42
32
10
2
2
8
1
1
60
9
2
1
10
4 30
9
28
2
9
8
6
20
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —w o m e n
C l e a n e r s -------------------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ------— --------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t — ------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ---------------------------------------
305
13
292
10
295
13
282
2 .7 2
3 .4 8
2 .6 7
2 .9 1
2 .7 1
3 .4 8
2 .6 6
9
_
9
_
9
_
1
2
7
6
64
11
33
13
19
16
4
23
_
11
1
- 44
1
2
7
6
63
11
32
1
12
18
15
4
23
_
6
6
4
44
1
2
7
6
64
11
33
13
9
16
4
23
_
11
6
4
44
l
2
7
6
63
11
32
1
12
1
8
15
4
23
5
22
5
22
4
5
22
5
22
4
44
1
1
2
_
2
-
2
-
2
2
_
10
1
9
1 T h e N a s s a u - S u f f o lk S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o lita n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f N a s s a u a n d S u ffo lk
C o u n tie s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t i n c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s w e r e o b ta in e d
by d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b y a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r , w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d in g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s ta b l is h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e t h e le v e l o f o c c u p a
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d i e s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s i n t h e u n i v e r s e o v e r tim e a n d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
t h e s a m p l e c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if t s in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s . S u c h
6
5
I
1
5
6
6
2
2
_
2
s h if t s , 'f o r e x q m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n t h e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u l a r l y e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p > a rt-tim e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m in g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a j o b b a s i s , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o llo w s : 1 a t $ 4 . 6 0 to $ 4 . 8 0 ; 9 a t $ 5 . 2 0 to $ 5 .4 0 ; a n d 18
a t $ 6 . 40 a n d o v e r .
5 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c la s s i f i c a t i o n i n a d d itio n to t h o s e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
6 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s f o llo w s : 16 a t $ 5 . 4 0 to $ 5 .6 0 ; 1 a t $ 5 . 6 0 to $ 5 . 8 0 ; 1 a t $ 5 .8 0
to $ 6 ; 1 a t $ 6 to $ 6 . 2 0 ; a n d 1 a t $ 6 . 20 to $ 6 .4 0 .
Table 25.
Occupational earnings:
Newark, N .J.1
(N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s - ----------------------------M e n -----------------------------------------------------W o m e n ------------------------------------------------
Number
of
worker*
Average
hourly 2
eurning*
$ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .05 $ 2 .1 0 $2.15 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .3 5 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .4 5 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $2.9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $4.8 0
U n dei a n d
and
$ 2 .0 0 u n d e r
$ 2 .0 5 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .1 5 $2.20 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .3 5 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .4 5 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 o v e r
7 ,0 1 2
4 ,9 5 5
2 ,0 5 7
$ 2 .9 4
3 .0 5
2 .6 2
8
_
8
236
150
86
135
41
94
89
57
32
95
65
30
83
53
30
531
347
184
228
120
108
322
111
211
383
165
21 8
90
45
45
1410
929
481
611
437
174
414
328
86
117
101
16
328
312
16
680
647
33
123
119
4
281
234
47
201
181
20
166
63
103
178
154
24
30
23
7
3 ,6 9 6
590
3 , 106
2 , 766
447
2 ,3 1 9
930
143
474
145
2 .6 9
2 .8 4
2 .6 5
2 .7 4
2 .9 9
2 .6 9
2 .5 0
2 .4 8
3 .3 2
3 .9 0
_
_
79
15
64
36
8
28
43
41
7
34
47
7
40
13
51
.
51
49
120
7
113
97
106
106
78
165
4
161
118
_
-
•
78
28
118
47
45
18
27
40
18
22
5
51
22
29
51
22
29
55
22
33
55
22
33
-
-
4
5
-
-
508
157
351
449
154
295
59
3
68
2
23
2
21
16
2
14
7
-
69
16
53
44
10
34
25
6
28
42
7
35
35
7
28
7
7
-
404
45
359
304
34
270
100
11
23
254
25
229
246
25
221
8
7
-
906
171
735
577
92
485
329
79
21
8
8
97
23
39
13
26
24
3
21
15
10
301
39
262
283
39
2 44
18
7
52
3
49
38
1
37
14
2
42
2
81
91
92
-
47
4
2
“
2 ,0 4 1
315
1 ,7 2 6
235
1 ,8 0 6
202
1 ,6 0 4
2 .6 0
3 .0 6
2 .4 8
3 .3 4
2 .4 7
2 .6 0
2 .4 5
4
42
20
22
22
20
20
18
16
2
103
100
3
100
3
24
2
22
24
24
24
51
51
198
198
-
"
"
-
-
-
3
31
8
.
-
-
S e le c te d s e rv ic e o c c u p a tio n s-m e n
C l e a n e r s -------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ----------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k --------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y --------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k -----------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t 4 ----------------------------------------D a y w o r k -------------------------------------------------W a x e r s , f l o o r -------------------------------------------------W indow w a s h e r s ----------------------------------------------
M
_
_
.
-
3
.
.
41
-
13
34
49
2
330
2
328
205
2
203
125
7
-
-
-
2
17
_
-
21
-
17
-
8
8
-
-
2
5
2
3
-
-
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s - w o m e n
C l e a n e r s -------------------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k -------------------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k -----------------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ----------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ------------------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ------------------------------------------------
8
_
8
-
8
_
8
86
13
73
7
79
13
66
94
6
88
-
94
6
88
32
10
22
4
28
10
18
30
6
24
1
29
6
23
30
.
30
-
30
30
184
8
176
19
165
8
157
108
.
108
..
-
-
108
211
-
-
108
211
1 T h e N e w a rk S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s of E s s e x , M o r r i s , S o m e r s e t,
a n d U n io n C o u n tie s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t i n c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e r e o b ta in e d
b y d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s by a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r, w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d i n g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t io n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
211
211
2 14
25
189
6
20 8
22
186
45
17
28
-
45
17
28
481
70
411
42
439
68
371
174
14
160
1
173
14
159
86
2
84
2
84
2
82
-
-
16
16
32
4
28
5
27
.
-
-
-
16
16
27
2
16
16
_
-
16
16
2
2
2
2
-
18
16
2
-
3
-
-
3
-
3
-
3
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r t i m e a n d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
t h e s a m p l e c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s . S u ch
s h i f t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u l a r l y e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m i n g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s i s , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 In c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c l a s s i f i c a t i o n i n a d d itio n to t h o s e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
Table 26.
Occupational earnings:
New Orleans, La.1
(N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OP WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
Number
of
worker*
Average $ 2 .0 0 $2.05 $ 2 .1 0 $2.15 $ 2 .2 0 $2.25 $ 2 .3 0 $2.35 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .45 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .5 5 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .6 5 $2 .7 0 $2.75 $2.8 0 $2.85 $2.90 $2.95 $3.00 $ 3 .1 0 $3.2 0 $3.3 0 $3.40 $3.50
hourly , a n d
earning*
and
under
$2.05 $ 2 .1 0 $2.15 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .25 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .35 $ 2 .4 0 $2 .4 5 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .5 5 $ 2 .6 0 $2 .6 5 $ 2 .7 0 $2 .7 5 $2.80 $2.85 $ 2 .9 0 $2.95 $3.0 0 $3.1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $3.50 o v e r
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3----------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------------------W o m e n ----------------------------------------------
2 , 177
1, 304
873
$ 2 .2 8
2 . 38
2 . 11
835
426
409
159
80
79
549
262
287
143
117
26
62
47
15
71
62
9
22
8
17
16
14
1
801
39
762
179
2 .0 7
2 . 16
2 .0 6
2 . 18
407
13
394
15
63
3
60
16
249
249
24
4
26
18
10
83
8
21
27
27
.
-
20
20
7
2 .0 7
14
2 .0 7
409
78
286
4
12
2
26
2
14
9
24
(y
15
15
'
7
4
3
115
102
13
2
1
1
19
15
4
3
_
3
3
3
15
13
-
2
2
1
1
4
2
2
_
-
7
7
-
36
36
7
7
20
16
4
2
2
-
5
5
“
57
57
-
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s — m e n
C l e a n e r s , l i g h t --------------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------W a x e rs , f lo o r - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
5
1
4
5
2
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s - w o m e n
830
D a y w o rk - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
22
808
2.
400
76
286
4
12
1 T h e N ew O r l e a n s S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o lita n S t a ti s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s of J e f f e r s o n , O r l e a n s , S t.
B a r n a r d , a n d S t. T a m m a n y P a r i s h e s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e an d f o r w o rk o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t i n c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if any, A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s w e r e o b ta in e d
by d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b y a g g r e g a te w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s h o w e v e r w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g th e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d in g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s ta b l is h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e t h e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
1
1
8
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t im e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y no t r e f l e c t
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e a n d a s s o c i a t e d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
th e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e ls . S uch
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3
R e g u l a r l y e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m in g
n o n o ffic e fu n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d .
Table 27.
Occupational earnings:
New York, N.Y.-N.J.1
(N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
Number
of
worker*
ATenge $2 .0 0 $ 2 .05 $2 .1 0 $ 2 .15 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $3.4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $4.0 0 $4.2 0 $4.4 0 $4.60 $4.8 0 $ 5 .0 0 $5.4 0 $ 5 .8 0
hourly 2 a n d
Minings
and
under
$ 2 .05 $ 2 .1 0 $2.15 $ 2 .2 0 $2.30 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $3.6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $4.0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $4.4 0 $4.6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $5.00 $ 5 .4 0 $ 5 .8 0 o v e r
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s * ------------------------------M e n ------------ -------- -------------------------------W o m e n — --------------------------------------------
3 5 ,4 0 0
2 2 ,3 4 1
1 3 ,0 5 9
$ 4 .0 3
4 .2 0
3 .6 9
1 6 ,2 4 0
3, 018
1 3 ,2 2 2
1 4 ,9 5 0
2 ,7 7 7
1 2 ,1 7 3
1 ,2 9 0
241
1 ,0 4 9
400
1 ,4 0 6
1 ,3 1 7
3 .9 7
4 .0 7
3 .9 5
4 .0 2
4 . 12
4 .0 0
3 .2 3
3. 28
3 ! 22
4 . 36
3 ! 91
5 .5 3
132
62
70
94
62
32
38
1 2 ,5 0 9
804
1 1 ,7 0 5
1 2 ,4 5 7
752
1 1 ,7 0 5
3 .6 7
3 .3 4
3 .6 9
3 .6 7
3 .4 3
3 .6 9
205
113
92
193.
42 i
4216
205
42
7
35
43
29
14
63
51
23
13
20
10
6
20
12
277
172
105
1025
685
340
695
653
42
531
42 9
107
125
114
104
7
97
613
72
541
289
585
107
577
548
383
145
238
205
132
73
113
63
50
102
137
124
13
382
258
124
782
667
115
403
279
124
740
584
156
693
4 24
269
11574 1710 10594
386 1047 1636 10541
232 10527
74
53
829
694
135
76
9
67
50
256
604
2
86
25 4
219
518
463
58
40 5
141
28
113
219
14
20 5
177
490
17
473
438
252
213
29
61 8
621
550
71
310
310
470
4 70
132
30
133
_
10
102
133
133
44
54
-
844 1008
844 1008
-
S e le c te d s e rv ic e o c c u p a tio n s-m e n
C l e a n e r s ---------------------------------------------- D a y w o r k ----------------------------------------N ig h t w o r k --------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y --------------------------------D a y w o rk ---------------------------------------N i g h tw o r k ------------------------------------- C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ----------------------------------u a y w o rK
■■■■---■--■■no
N i g h tw o r k --------------------------------------W a x e r s , f lo o r ------------------------------------------W indow w a s h e r s --------------------------------------
38
_
_
_
_
_
_
23
13
14
14
11
88
101
63
25
25
101
6
_
12
»
548
37
29
353
52
301
27 5
39
236
78
13
65
23
-
69
-
42
102
10
25
6
17
277
324
60
264
8
6
23
23
-
40
70
6
-
238
71
4
67
71
4
67
105
340
38
302
340
38
302
10
6
_
_
_
21
4
8
8
_
_
50
26
219
37
9
2
17
35
6
6
171
42
432
52
343
43
300
297
27
270
46
8
11
16
1
34
41
30
28
41
-
8
6
15
-
6
114
29
85
114
29
85
124
15
109
124
15
109
156
65
91
156
65
91
251
94
157
251
94
157
1
_
8
-
-
35
14
12
21
12
2
2
12
12
_
_
2
12
226
_
_
-
-
13
124
11
241
223
10
1438
245 412
765 1026
655 1429
164 412
491 1017
355
9
81
2 74
9
8856
1829
7027
8835
1829
7006
306
15
291
304
15
289
21
2
21
2
9
21
6
63
1032
289
1010
22
_
3
6
6
8
8
6
131
30
54
_
_
10
_
101
1
133
44
_
1
8
6
_
8
6
_
30
19
257
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
I
1
728 *227
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s - w o m e n
C l e a n e r s 6------------------ ------------------------------D a y w o rk ------------------- -------------------N i g h tw o r k --------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t -------------- -------------------D a y w o rk ---------------------------- — '----- N i g h tw o r k ------------------ --------------------
101
92
14
35
21
14 .
12
226
226
22
83
93
10
83
T h e N ew Y o rk S t a n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f B ro n x , K in g s , N ew Y o rk ,
Q u e e n s , R ic h m o n d , R o c k la n d , a n d W e s t c h e s t e r C o u n tie s , N. Y. , a n d B e rg e n C o u n ty , N. J .
E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t i n c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e r e o b ta in e d
b y d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b y a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r, w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d i n g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y no t r e f l e c t
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r tim e a n d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
th e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if t s in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d iff e re n t p a y l e v e l s . S u ch
1
P u tn a m ,
2
_
42
42
92
_
102
10
42
92
2
11
_
13
124
124
2
11
124
_
229 10255
1
339
228 9916
229 10255
1
339
228 9916
48
18
3
8
11
_
40
48
7
14
7
7
3
3
8
40
3
10
8
2
10
8
2
_
_
_
_
_
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n t h e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d . V ir tu a l ly a l l o f th e s e r v i c e w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y
t h e s tu d y w e r e p a id o n a t im e b a s i s .
3 R e g u la r ly e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m i n g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 I n c lu d e s 39 t ip p e d e m p lo y e e s w ith s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s u n d e r $ 2 a n h o u r e x c lu s iv e
of g r a tu itie s .
5 W o rk e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 129 a t $ 5 . 80 to $ 6 . 20, a n d 98 a t $ 6 . 20 a n d o v e r .
6 In c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c l a s s i f i c a t i o n i n a d d itio n to t h o s e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
Table 28.
Occupational earnings:
Philadelphia, Pa.-N.J.1
(N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 of s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME BOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3------------------------------M e n -----------------------------------------------------W o m e n ------------------------------------------------
Number
of
worker*
Average $ 2 .0 0 $2.05 $ 2 .10 $ 2 .1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $2 .3 5 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $4.2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $4.80 $5.00
hourly ,
earning* and
a nd
under
$2.05 $ 2 .1 0 $2.15 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .3 5 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $5.00 o v e r
6 ,2 1 3
4 ,3 7 0
1 ,8 4 3
$ 3 .0 5
3 .2 1
2 .6 2
290
227
63
1
1
-
94
47
47
36
35
1
81
60
21
201
70
131
46
38
8
33
21
12
89
65
24
1132
438
694
105
53
52
2 , 764
532
2 ,2 3 2
1 ,9 0 3
412
1 ,4 9 1
861
120
741
556
149
327
2 .8 2
2 .7 4
2 .8 4
2 .9 7
2 .8 9
2 .9 9
2 .4 2
2 .2 8
2 .4 5
3 .4 2
2 .7 1
4 . 12
197
25
172
5
4
1
192
21
171
6
8
1
_
1
_
27
10
17
4
4
27
.
27
-
63
11
52
_
26
20
6
_
20
20
_
23
4
19
7
’
1
1
_
_
23
6
17
_
4
55
42
13
20
12
8
35
30
5
2
3
_
63
11
52
2
5
_
26
20
6
.
9
_
20
20
_
.
7
16
4
12
_
42
381
61
320
99
44
55
282
17
265
34
19
40
4
36
24
4
20
16
16
5
_
1 ,8 0 0
1 ,4 8 4
56
1, 744
1 ,4 3 6
2 .6 0
2 .6 1
2 .8 0
2 .5 9
2 .6 0
63
51
47
21
21
21
131
123
8
_
12
8
24
16
692
535
9
683
526
51
27
5
46
22
700 1393
126 1298
574
95
137
111
26
181
156
25
121
109
12
20 9
177
32
519
505
14
92
19
73
32
12
20
60
7
53
16
17
1264
223
1041
1258
223
1035
6
6
10
11
76
14
62
76
14
62
.
.
20
1
104
48
56
68
44
24
36
4
32
8
13
11
53
4
49
21
4
17
32
29
15
14
27
15
12
2
2 48
26
222
240
26
2 14
8
32
24
1
-
2
111
-
8
142
4
9
571
564
_
571
564
95
55
41
54
22
22
22
.
22
22
25
19
_
25
19
12
8
12
8
20
12
20
12
1
218 237
210 237
8
-
109
105
4
125
125
-
20
20
20
20
-
33
33
-
83
83
"
_
-
-
_
.
_
.
-
_
_
.
_
.
-
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s - m e n
C l e a n e r s -------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ----------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k --------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y --------------------------------D a y w o rk - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - N i g h t w o r k --------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ----------------------------------D a y w o rk ----------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k
----------------------------------E x t e r m i n a t o r s ----------------------------------------W a x e r s , f l o o r -----------------------------------------W indow w a s h e r s ---------------------------------------
.
27
.
27
_
.
38
6
32
22
6
16
16
.
_
_
_
.
_
_
_
-
-
16
18 86
1
11
101 134
-
_
•
_
_
-
-
.
-
-
_
.
-
_
_
-
48
1
9
12
24
9
5
3
-
-
. .
6
27
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s - w o m e n
C l e a n e r s 4. _______________________________
N i g h t w o r k --------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v ^ --------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t ----------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------------------------------------
63
51
_
47
21
1
1
1
21
21
131
123
8
12
8
1 T h e P h i la d e l p h ia S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o lita n S t a ti s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is ts o f B u c k s , C h e s t e r , D e la w a r e ,
M o n tg o m e ry , a n d P h i la d e l p h ia C o u n tie s , P a . ; a n d B u rlin g to n , C a m d e n , a n d G lo u c e s t e r C o u n tie s , N. J.
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o rk o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if an y . A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s w e r e o b ta in e d
b y d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s by a g g r e g a te w e e k ly h o u r s , W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r , w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g th e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d in g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p le o f e s ta b l is h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e th e le v e l of o c c u p a
t io n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
24
16
1
.
4
_
.
-
-
_
.
.
-
4
-
.
-
-
-
-
-
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e of c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r tim e a nd a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
th e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y le v e l s . S uch
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e
e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u la r ly e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m in g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d on a jo b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d
4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c l a s s i f i c a t i o n in a d d itio n to t h o s e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
Table 29.
Occupational earnings:
Pittsburgh, Pa.1
(N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t- tim e h o u rly e a r n in g s 2 o f s e r v ic e w o rk e rs in s e le c te d occupations in co n tra ct clea n in g s e r v ic e s e sta b lish m en ts, July 1974)
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3----------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------------------W o m en -------- ----------- -------- ------- -----------
Number
of
workon
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING 8TRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNING8 OF—
$2.00 $2.05 $2 .1 0 $2.15 $ 2 .2 0 $2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .3 5 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .4 5 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .5 5 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $2.9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $3.3 0 $3.4 0 $3.5 0 $3.6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $3.8 0
Averagt
hourly 2 U n der a n d
owning*
and
$2.00 u n d e r
$2.05 $2 .1 0 $ 2 .15 $2.20 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .35 $ 2 .4 0 $2 .4 5 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .5 5 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $3.0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $3.2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $3.4 0 $ 3 .5 0 $3.6 0 $3.7 0 $ 3 .8 0 o v e r
2 ,8 7 1
1 ,8 7 8
993
$ 2 .6 0
2 .8 1
2 . 12
65
15
50
1486
838
648
95
26
69
153
40
113
143
132
11
20
8
12
60
33
27
15
14
1, 139
981
357
199
782
217
2 .3 3
2 . 19
2 .7 8
2 .5 5
2 .0 8
3 .4 4
10
10
5
5
5
668
644
73
49
595
22
20
17
15
5
132
127
78
73
54
-
-
26
26
2
2
24
-
8
8
7
7
1
-
26
23
8
5
18
2
978
919
91 7
861
2 .0 9
2 .0 8
2 . 10
2 .0 9
50
40
50
40
645
617
588
560
69
69
69
69
113
no
109
109
12
12
12
12
26
21
26
21
78
67
11
17
17
-
12
11
3
2
9
-
46
46
6
6
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
11
11
11
11
1
13
13
-
34
32
2
4
1
3
12
11
2
1
10
18
1
1
1
-
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
5
5
-
24
22
2
4
4
-
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
-
1
1
1
1
43
3
40
-
3
18
-
113
113
-
26
26
-
89
58
31
10
6
4
29
27
2
74
74
-
188
184
4
35
32
3
89
89
-
41
1
1
14
11
1
11
1
53
37
53
37
_
_
_
-
-
1
-
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n
C l e a n e r s 4-----------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k -----------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y 4 ----------------------------N i g h t w o r k ------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l ig h t , n i g h tw o r k -------------W indow w a s h e r 8 -------------------------------------
-
.
_
46
-
-
3
3
_
-
3
-
_
-
.
-
-
-
_
_
.
-
41
2
2
31
19
31
19
1
4
1
-
_
_
-
_
_
_
_
-
-
.
.
-
-
-
4
1
14
-
-
•
1
-
-
3
-
-
31
131
_
4
3
4
3
-
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —w o m e n
C l e a n e r s 4 ----------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t 4 ------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ---------— - - — — ----------- -
11
11
11
11
1 The Pittsburgh Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area consists of Allegheny, Beaver, Wash
ington, and Westmoreland Counties.
2 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends and holidays, but includes
premium pay for late shift work and hazardous pay, if any. Average hourly earnings were obtained
by dividing aggregate weekly earnings by aggregate weekly hours. Workers, however, were distributed
among the specified earnings classes according to their individual hourly rates. These surveys,
based on a representative sample of establishments, are designed to measure the level of occupa
tional earnings at a particular time. Thus, comparisons made with previous studies may not reflect
_
_
_
_
-
.
_
-
-
-
_
_
-
.
wage movements because of changes in the universe over time and associated necessary change in
the sample composition and shifts in employment among establishments with different pay levels. Such
shifts, for example, could decrease an occupational average, even though most establishments in
creased wages between the periods being compared.
5
Regularly employed full-time and part-time nonsupervisory workers engaged in performing
nonoffice functions. Casual workers, those hired on a job basis, are excluded.
4 Includes data for workers in classification in addition to those shown separately.
Table 30.
Occupational earnings:
St. Louis, Mo.-III.1
(N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t- tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s 2 o f s e r v ic e w o rk e rs in s e le c te d occu pation s in c o n tra c t clea n in g s e r v ic e s e sta b lish m en ts, July 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3----------------------------M e n ------------------------------------- .-------------W o m e n ----------------------------------------------
Number
of
worker*
Average
$ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .0 5 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .3 5 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0
hourly 2
earning* U n d e i a n d
and
$ 2 .0 0 u n d e r
$ 2 .0 5 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .3 5 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 o v e r
3 , 174
2 , 120
1, 0 5 4
$ 2 .5 4
2 .6 4
2 .3 3
29
14
15
410
279
131
1 ,5 9 2
238
1, 3 5 4
493
82
411
1 ,0 9 9
156
943
110
133
2 .4 0
2 .6 9
2 .3 3
2 .4 0
2 .5 1
2 .3 6
2 .4 1
2 .7 8
2 .3 1
2 .5 1
4 .5 1
14
10
4
4
212
10
202
74
2
72
138
8
130
5
1 ,0 2 6
84
942
18
1 ,0 0 8
84
924
2 .3 1
2 .3 7
2 .3 1
2 .3 1
2 . 31
2 .3 7
2 .3 1
15
5 15
_
“
171
112
59
33
26
7
71
61
10
77
58
19
42
38
4
1393
698
695
32
18
14
397
328
69
115
100
15
52
42
10
29
29
103
4
99
47
19
52
-
-
50
8
42
-
-
-
47
56
4
52
7
8
11
4
48
30
4
26
12
4
8
18
-
-
11
48
13
7
6
5
3
2
8
4
4
-
229
59
170
113
32
81
116
27
89
63
68
24
44
54
14
40
14
10
4
10
29
12
17
20
7
13
9
5
4
4
28
13
15
11
1
10
17
12
5
-
672
38
634
135
18
117
537
20
517
9
46
46
54
54
42
42-
9
9
4
4
4
4
31
11
20
6
1
5
25
10
15
8
3
14
10
4
8
8
-
14
10
4
8
8
-
"
21
17
4
72
70
2
14
14
3
3
21
21
9
9
28
28
16
16
.
.
.
.
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
16
16
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
23
70
12
3
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s ~ m e n
C l e a n e r s -----------------------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------N i g h tw o r k ------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t --------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ------------------------------------W a x e r s , f lo o r ----------------------------- -— - —
W indow w a s h e r s -------------------------------------
-
4
10
10
_
_
_
19
8
52
4
-
50
8
42 ‘
4
-
18
-
-
-
-
4
4
-
-
5
1
1
4 15
4
4
.
.
_
.
.
.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
S e le c te d s e rv ic e o c c u p a tio n s — w o m en
C l e a n e r s ------ ----------------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ------------ -----------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y , n i g h tw o rk -----------C l e a n e r s , l i g h t --------------------------------D a y w o r k ---------------------------------- - N ig h tw o r k --------------------------------- —
-
15
5 15
123
7
116
3
120
7
113
-
59
1
7
1
6
-
58
-
-
-
59
1
58
7
1
6
10
2
8
4
6
2
4
19
4
-
-
19
4
-
-
19
4
-
-
19
4
1 T h e S t.
L o u is S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a ti s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f th e c it y o f S t. L o u is ;
F r a n k l i n , J e f f e r s o n , S t. C h a r l e s , a n d S t. L o u is C o u n tie s , M o. ; C lin to n , M a d is o n , S t. C l a i r a n d
M o n ro e C o u n tie s , 111.
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s w e r e o b ta in e d
b y d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b u t a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r , w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d in g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s ta b l is h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e t h e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t im e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
691
25
666
5
686
25
661
14
-
14
6
8
-
8
12
63
29
34
12
5
12
5
12
.
5
63
29
34
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
4
-
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e a n d a s s o c i a t e d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
th e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y le v e l s . Such
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u l a r l y e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e rf o r m in g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , th o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s i s , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 3 a t $ 5 to $ 5 . 20 a n d 12 a t $ 6 . 20 to $ 6 . 40.
5 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 10 a t $ 1 . 6 0 to $ 1 . 65 a n d 5 a t $ 1 . 7 5 to $ 1 . 80.
Table 31.
Occupational earnings:
San Francisco-Oakland, Calif.1
(N u m b e r and a v e r a g e s tr a ig h t- tim e h o u rly e a r n in g s 2 o f s e r v ic e w o rk e rs in s e le c te d occupations in co n tra ct clea n in g s e r v ic e s e sta b lish m en ts, July 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3-------------------------------M e n ------------------------------------------------------W o m e n -------------------------------------------------
Number
of
worker*
5 , 186
5, 014
172
Average $ 2 . 0 0 $ 2 . 1 0 $ 2 . 2 0 $ 2 . 3 0 $ 2 . 4 0 $ 2 . 5 0 $ 2 . 6 0 $ 2 . 7 0 $ 2 . 8 0 $ 2 . 9 0 $ 3 . 0 0 $ 3 . 2 0 $ 3 . 4 0 $ 3 . 6 0 $ 3 . 8 0 $ 4 . 0 0 $ 4 . 2 0 $ 4 . 4 0 $ 4 . 6 0 $ 4 . 8 0 $ 5 . 0 0 $ 5 . 2 0 $ 5 . 4 0 $ 5 . 6 0 $ 5 . 8 0 $ 6 . 0 0
hourly ,
and
earning*
and
under
$ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .8 0 $ 4 .0 0 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 .6 0 $ 4 .8 0 $ 5 .0 0 $ 5 .2 0 $ 5 .4 0 $ 5 .6 0 $ 5 .8 0 $ 6 .0 0 o v e r
c
$ 4 .2 3
4 .2 4
3 . 86
53
53
_
-
29
29
_
-
1
1
5
5
2
2
4
4
7
7
7
7
80
68
12
46
46
”
434
398
36
697
636
61
375
351
24
535
535
“
1696
1692
4
255
255
390
355
35
72
72
114
114
34
34
“
”
-
15
15
42
42
171
171
122
122
'
'
'
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s - m e n
C l e a n e r s --------------------------------------------------D a y w o r k ----------------------------------------N i g h tw o r k ---------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ---------------------------------D a y w o r k ----------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k - " -------------------------------- C l e a n e r s , l ig h t ---------------------------------D a y w o r k -----------------------------------------E x t e r m i n a t o r s ----------------------------------------W a x e r s , f lo o r ------------------------------------------W indow w a s h e r s ----------------------------------------
4, 073
340
3, 733
2 , 799
236
2, 563
1 ,2 7 4
104
159
74
179
4 . 02
3 .9 5
4 . 03
4 . 02
3 .9 6
4 .0 2
4 . 03
3 .9 2
4 .8 6
4 . 38
5 .6 4
170
74
33
137
61
3 . 86
4 . 10
4 .0 2
3 .8 2
4 . 00
39
_
_
_
39
_
-
39
39
28
2
26
28
2
26
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
_
_
_
4
2
2
4
2
2
6
6
9
62
34
-
-
-
-
6
6
6
6
62
2
34
34
-
-
-
-
6
6
2
60
34
-
371
86
285
185
44
141
186
42
616
67
549
502
67
435
114
-
310
60
250
238
30
208
72
30
-
9
4
13
25
2
491
21
470
354
10
344
137
11
9
5
2
1634
56
1578
1040
56
984
594
-
2
"
160
30
130
154
24
130
6
6
-
10
12
309
15
294
204
-
204
105
15
11
3
2
-
3
1
2
3
1
2
-
-
106
- -
-
-
■
~
7
-
-
-
-
'
'
'
'
-
15
25
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
107
5 34
-
-
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a tio n s - w o m e n
C l e a n e r s 4-------------------------------------------------N i g h tw o r k ---------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ---------------------------------C l e a n e r s , lig h t 4--------------------------------N i g h tw o r k ----------------------------------------
1 T h e S a n F r a n c i s c o - O a k la n d S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a ti s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s of A la m e d a , C o n tr a
M a r in , S a n F r a n c i s c o , a n d S a n M a te o C o u n tie s .
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s an d h o lid a y s , bu t i n c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e r e o b ta in e d
by d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s by a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r, w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g t h e s p e c i f ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d i n g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e the l e v e l of o c c u p a
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r t im e and a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
C o s ta ,
12
12
12
12
-
'
34
12
6
28
12
61
1
13
48
'
24
12
-
24
12
-
4
2
4
-
-
-
'
'
'
35
35
10
25
25
-
'
th e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p ay l e v e l s . S u ch
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n t h e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d .
3 R e g u la r ly e m p lo y e d f u ll - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m i n g
n o n o ffic e fu n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a j o b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 I n c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c la s s if i c a t io n in a d d itio n to t h o s e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
5 W o rk e r s w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d a s fo llo w s : 5 a t $ 6 to $ 6 . 2 0 ; 12 a t $ 6 . 40 to $ 6 . 60; a n d 17 a t $ 6 . 80
to $ 7 .
Table 32. Occupational earnings: Seattle-Everett, Wash.1
( N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O c c u p a tio n a n d s e x
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s 3 ----------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------------------W o m e n ------------------------------------------------------------
Number
of
workera
Average
hourly 2
earnings
$ 2 .70 $2.80 $2 .9 0 $3 .0 0 $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $3 .5 0 $ 3 .60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 $4.30 $4.40 $4.50 $4.60 $4.80 $5.00 $5.2 0 $5.40 $5.6 0
and
under
$2.80 $2.90 $ 3 .00 $3.10 $ 3 .20 $ 3 .30 $3.40 $3 .5 0 $3.60 $ 3 .70 $3.80 $3.90 $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 $4.30 $4.40 $4.50 $4.60 $4.80 $5.00 $5.20 $5.40 $5.60 $5.80
30
2 , 055
1, 714
341
$ 3 .7 4
3. 81
3. 38
1 ,4 7 9
1 ,2 2 3
82
3. 71
3. 72
5. 15
_
339
224
216
3. 37
3 .5 2
3 .4 1
24
_
24
*6
24
6
_
6
12
12
-
24
_
24
133
46
87
27
12
15
24
_
24
174
150
24
453
382
71
69
63
6
84
78
6
615
579
36
177
167
10
14
12
2
94
94
-
2
2
"
13
13
-
_
-
24
18
6
12
_
_
_
26
26
12
12
_
150
150
376
284
6
61
61
78
66
573
433
153
153
8
8
12
12
_
_
-
_
-
_
_
18
18
71
63
62
6
6
1
1
-
_
53
53
-
“
14
14
4
4
8
8
-
-
-
S e le c te d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n
C l e a n e r s , h e a v y 5 ----------------------------------N ig h tw o r k --------------------------------------w inflow w a s n e r s - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
_
-
_
-
1
53
_
_
12
4
_
6
_
-
-
_
-
_
-
-
S e l e c t e d s e r v i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —w o m e n
C l e a n e r s 5-----------------------------------------------N i g h t w o r k ------------------------------------C l e a n e r s , h e a v y ---------------------------------
6
_
6
_
_
24
24
87
75
14
15
6
6
24
_
24
1 T h e S ea ttle—E v e r e t t Standard M e tro p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a c o n s is ts o f K ing and Snohom ish
C ou n ties.
2 E x clu d es p re m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on w eekends and h o lid a y s, but in clu des
p re m iu m pay f o r la te sh ift w o rk and h azardou s pay, i f any. A v e r a g e h o u rly ea rn in gs w e r e obtained
by d iv id in g a g g r e g a te w e e k ly ea rn in g s by a g g re g a te w e e k ly hours. W o rk e rs , h o w e v e r, w e r e d is
trib u te d am ong the s p e c ifie d ea rn in gs c la s s e s a cco rd in g to th e ir in d ivid u a l h o u rly ra te s . T h e s e
s u r v e y s , b ased on a r e p r e s e n ta tiv e sa m p le o f esta b lish m en ts, a re d esign ed to m e a s u re the l e v e l
o f o ccu p a tio n a l ea rn in g s at a p a r tic u la r tim e . Thus, co m p a riso n s m ade w ith p re v io u s studies m ay
24
24
4
6
6
36
28
36
10
10
IQ
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
6
6
6
_
-
_
-
not r e fle c t w age m o vem en ts b ecau se o f changes in the u n iv e rs e o v e r tim e and a s s o c ia te d n e c e s s a ry
change in th e sam p le c o m p o s itio n and sh ifts in em p loym en t am ong e sta b lish m en ts w ith d iffe re n t
pay le v e ls . Such sh ifts , fo r e x a m p le, could d e c r e a s e an o ccu p ation al a v e r a g e , even though m ost
esta b lish m en ts in c r e a s e d w a ges b etw een the p e rio d s being com p a red .
3 R e g u la r ly em p lo y e d fu ll- t im e and p a r t- tim e n o n s u p e rv is o ry w o r k e r s en gaged in p e r fo r m
ing n o n o ffic e fu n ction s. C a su al w o r k e r s , th ose h ire d on a jo b b a sis, a r e exclu ded.
4 A l l w o r k e r s w e r e at $2. 25 to $2. 30.
5 In clu des data fo r w o r k e r s in c la s s ific a tio n in a d dition to th ose shown se p a ra te ly .
Table 33. Occupational earnings: Washington, D.C.-Md.-Va.1
( N u m b e r a n d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 2 o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in s e le c te d o c c u p a tio n s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—
O ccu p ation and s e x
A l l s e r v ic e w o r k e r s * -----------------------------M e n ---------------------------------------------------W o m e n ----------------------------------------------
Number
of
worker*
Average $2 . 0 0 $2.05 $2 . 1 0 $2.15 $2 . 2 0 $2.25 $2.30 $2.35 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2 . 9 0 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 $4.20 $4.40 $4.60
hourly j and
earning*
and
8,6 9 7
4 ,7 6 3
3, 934
$ 2 . 51
2 .6 9
2 .2 5
3,413
638
2 ,7 7 5
1,788
328
1,460
1,625
310
1, 315
383
539
198
2 .3 9
2 .6 4
2. 30
2. 37
2 .6 2
2 .2 7
2 .4 2
2 .6 7
2. 32
3.46
2.5 1
3 .7 0
under
$2.05 $2 . 1 0 $2.15 $2 . 2 0 $2.25 $2.30 $2.35 $2.40 $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2 . 9 0 $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 $3.50 $3.60 $3.80 $4.00 $4.20 $4.40 $4.60 o v e r
554 1231
187 448
367
783
992
422
570
977
396
581
467
235
232
959
585
374
253
134
119
575
295
280
701
406
295
508
370
138
167
143
24
399
23
376
259
17
242
140
312
54
258
204
17
187
166
110
229
26
203
107
11
8
102
310
50
260
253
39
214
57
264
77
187
196
69
127
1
6
6
11
8
140
238
134
461
77
384
226
29
197
235
48
187
94
41
141
433
30
403
189
24
165
244
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
8
16
8
14
70
29
120
31
51
46
44
45
97
26
71
42
19
23
55
7
48
69
18
135
115
20
44
41
3
25
14
24
13
8
11
1
13
5
8
8
11
161
126
35
215
193
110
22
24
86
65
50
15
30
21
76
70
9
6
17
16
3
3
_
3
3
_
_
_
167
142
25
30
30
142
142
29
29
-
"
22
21
1
62
62
-
S e le c te d s e r v ic e o c c u p a tio n s -m e n
C le a n e r s -----------------------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k -------------------------------------C le a n e r s , h e a v y -------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k -------------------------------------C le a n e r s , li g h t ---------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k -------------------------------------E x t e r m in a t o r s --------------------------------------W a x e r s , fl o o r ----------------------------------------Oil 1 3
183
2
181
42
1
155
146
43
103
94
9
85
11
83
48
3
45
46
8
38
8
99
1 22
18
104
68
60
74
21
53
47
21
26
27
_
27
4
15
12
11
8
3
4
5
5
150
134
17
7
16
10
14
4
3
6
17
7
85
26
59
23
17
6
16
1
6
4
136
124
1
.
1
22
_
_
4
_
7
_
_
4
2
62
9
53
16
5
16
10
6
13
4
9
39
3
23
22
24
15
7
18
12
34
_
28
6
22
_
22
12
3
7
1
20
5
16
10
6
13
10
3
3
_
3
56
3
_
3
76
9
23
_
.
_
_
_
13
.
4
.
_
.
-
-
2
•
_
_
12
21
21
-
19
49
12
6
3
2
2
_
_
.
_
7
_
_
_
_
_
14
_
10
12
-
.
-
S e le c te d s e r v ic e o c c u p a tio n s -w o m e n
C le a n e r s -----------------------------------------------D a y w o r k --------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k ---- -------------------------------C le a n e r s , h e a v y ------------------------------N ig h tw o r k -------------------------------------C le a n e r s , li g h t ---------------------------------D a yw o rk --------------------------------------N ig h tw o r k --------------------------------------
3, 922
362
3 ,5 6 0
263
177
3 ,659
d7o
3, 383
2 .2 5
2 .4 7
367
2 .2 1
256
3
2. 74
2 .2 8
2 .2 0
2 .2 0
11 1
3
364
253
783
7
776
1
„
782
o
776
L
21
12
555
20
211
362
7
46
A
1o
28
509
509
195
334
581
46
535
26
26
232
17
215
374
29
345
570
7
563
54
54
516
1
11
119
11
108
13
13
106
11
95
280
7
273
19
19
292
24
268
261
282
7
j
254
1 T h e W a sh in g to n S ta n d a r d M e tr o p o li t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a c o n s is t s o f th e D i s tr i c t o f C o lu m b ia ; th e
c i t i e s o f A le x a n d r i a , F a i r f a x , a n d F a l l s C h u r c h , V a. ; a n d t h e c o u n tie s of A r lin g to n , F a i r f a x , L o u d o u n ,
a n d P r i n c e W illia m , V a .; a n d C h a r l e s , M o n tg o m e ry , a n d P r in c e G e o r g e s , M d.
2 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t in c lu d e s
p r e m i u m p a y f o r l a t e s h if t w o r k a n d h a z a r d o u s p a y , if a n y . A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e o b ta in e d
by d iv id in g a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s b y a g g r e g a t e w e e k ly h o u r s . W o rk e r s , h o w e v e r, w e r e d i s t r ib u t e d
a m o n g th e s p e c if ie d e a r n i n g s c l a s s e s a c c o r d i n g to t h e i r in d iv id u a l h o u r ly r a t e s . T h e s e s u r v e y s ,
b a s e d o n a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , a r e d e s ig n e d to m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a
t i o n a l e a r n i n g s a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . T h u s , c o m p a r is o n s m a d e w ith p r e v io u s s tu d ie s m a y n o t r e f l e c t
10
9
c7X
259
137
16
1 21
12
12
125
16
109
24
_
_
24
17
3
14
_
_
17
2
22
14
2
22
3
3
3
„
3
•
7
6
1
7
1
_
35
17
18
17
_
18
18
22
7
_
6
6
_
18
18
15
15
.
15
_
9
9
-
6
25
5
-
20
_
9
6
.
_
7
2
-
18
18
w a g e m o v e m e n ts b e c a u s e o f c h a n g e s in th e u n i v e r s e o v e r tim e a n d a s s o c i a te d n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in
th e s a m p le c o m p o s itio n a n d s h if ts in e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith d if f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s . S uch
s h if t s , f o r e x a m p le , c o u ld d e c r e a s e a n o c c u p a tio n a l a v e r a g e , e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s ta b l is h m e n t s i n
c r e a s e d w a g e s b e tw e e n th e p e r i o d s b e in g c o m p a r e d . N i n e ty - s e v e n p e r c e n t of th e s e r v i c e w o r k e r s
c o v e r e d b y t h e s tu d y w e r e p a id o n a tim e b a s is .
3 R e g u l a r l y e m p lo y e d f u l l - t i m e a n d p a r t - t i m e n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s e n g a g e d in p e r f o r m in g
n o n o ffic e f u n c tio n s . C a s u a l w o r k e r s , t h o s e h i r e d o n a jo b b a s is , a r e e x c lu d e d .
4 In c lu d e s d a ta f o r w o r k e r s in c la s s i f i c a t i o n in a d d itio n to t h o s e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
Table 34.
W eekly earnings distribution:
Cleaners, heavy, nightwork
(A v e r a g e s tra ig h t-tim e w e e k ly e a r n in g s 1 o f h e a v y n igh tw ork c le a n e rs in con tract clea n in g s e r v ic e s esta b lish m en ts, 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , July 1974)
NUMBEROF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF
A re a
N o rth e a s t:
B o s to n —---- — --------N a s s a u —S u f fo lk ----------------N e w a rk -------—
.... — 1N ew Y o rk ---------------—-----P h ila d e l p h ia —
------ -P i t t s b u r g h -----------------------S o u th :
A tla n ta
------- ----------B a l t i m o r e ----------------------(0 D a lla s —F t , W o r t h -------H o u s t o n ----------------------------M em phi s
---------—
M ia m i -------------------------—
N ew O r l e a n s ------------------W a s h in g to n ---------------------N o r th C e n t r a l :
C h i c a g o ---------------------------C l e v e l a n d -----------------------D e t r o i t -----------------------------K a n s a s C ity -------------------M in n e a p o lis —S t. P a u l ----S t. L o u is --------------------------W e s t:
D e n v e r —B o u l d e r ------------L o s A n g e le s —L o n g B e a c h
S a n F r a n c is c o r- O a k la n d —
S e a ttle —E v e r e t t ---------------
on
of
workers
895
679
2, 441
12, 173
1, 539
25 7
Avenge
weekly
earnings1
$ 10
U nder
$10
under
$20
$20
$30
$40
$50
$60
$70
$80
$90
$100
$110
$12 0
$ l3 6
$140
$156
$160
$17 0
$30
$40
$50
$60
$70
$80
$90
$100
$110
$120
$130
$140
$150
$160
$170
$180
18
34
665
15
-
30
33
1, 092
15
-
U
3
4, 891
11
-
1
14
271
1
-
1
278
-
_
4
369
5
-
_
2
-
_
1
2
_
"
_
_
3
-
_
_
_
_
-
1
1
5
19
6
1
8
7
29
63
18
16
33
49
88
105
70
9
48
25
114
338
135
24
98
60
352
335
171
46
316
93
370
260
182
65
188
45
274
605
102
35
17
43
317
247
145
6
15
34
143
330
176
10
16
30
162
294
135
4
11
42
102
406
45
3
129
56
192
324
140
3
15
45
135
360
42
-
37
44
511
27
2
$2oo
53. 00
41. 50
4 9 . 00
54. 00
63. 50
51. 00
43. 00
9
4
3
18
62
20
27
19
29
1
8
86
35
53
12
36
32
109
88
102
37
45
1
50
279
226
154
279
127
56
58
743
77
17
95
197
3
47
210
42
24
24
119
69
32
53
49
9
23
84
3
8
43
53
8
5
26
57
6
21
35
3
26
14
8
2
-
8
12
1
4
6
2
5
2
2
"
_
2
-
_
1
1
_
5
1
-
51
26>
410
98
33
$1 9 0
$200
over
11
15
9
4
8
9
2, 602
1, 204
724
809
519
429
121.
84.
87.
56.
122.
52.
00
50
00
00
00
00
9
3
3
1
11
17
22
19
189
12
28
39
12
34
49
26
43
39
73
32
33
10
48
139
113
33
133
11
102
109
63
63
145
25
54
110
95
85
53
25
50
62
141
73
24
11
24
141
7
37
17
9
30
114
390
34
16
18
14
123
120
70
23
15
18
64
20
31
113
12
2
87
93
161
1
29
-
364
50
22
5
34
-
120
2
14
1
76
5
865
2
6
2
123
-
73
2
45
43
1
17
61
1
3
10
9
1
2
4
14
6
-
699
1, 666
2, 576
1, 327
60.
97.
139.
97.
50
00
50
00
26
10
12
64
88
116
40
61
27
50
82
24
47
30
126
97
14
33
138
116
47
76
137
108
50
89
37
89
68
134
34
110
90
105
26
79
37
50
38
107
55
16
10
126
40
60
3
380
20
117
1
190
131
39
71
286
190
40
195
170
3
1, 011
18
160
12
9
170
12
_
6
1
14
“
NOTE:
W e ek ly e a r n i n g s w e r e ro u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o l la r ,
659
411
528
718
206
261
1, 637
1 S tra ig h t-tim e a v e r a g e e a rn in g s in fo rm a tio n ex clu d es p re m iu m pay f o r o v e r tim e and f o r w o rk
w eek en d s and h o lid a y ,
but in clu d es p re m iu m pay f o r la te shift and h a za rd ou s w ork , if any.
T T W
a nd
00
50
00
50
00
00
$63.
89.
76.
141.
79.
63.
w
Table 35.
Weekly earnings distribution:
Cleaners, light, nightwork
(A v e r a g e s tra ig h t-tim e w e e k ly e a r n in g s 1 o f lig h t n ig h tw o rk c le a n e rs in c o n tra ct clean in g s e r v ic e s esta b lis h m e n ts , 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , Ju ly 1974)
A re a
N o rth e a s t:
B o s t o n -----------------------------N a s s a u —S u f f o l k -------------N e w a r k --------------------------N ew Y o r k -------------------------P h ila d e l p h ia -----------------P i t t s b u r g h ------------------------S o uth:
A tla n ta --------------------------B a l ti m o r e ----------------------D a lla s —F t . W o r t h ----------H o u s to n ----------------------------M e m p h i s -------------------------M ia m i ----------------------------N ew O r l e a n s -------------------W a s h i n g t o n ---------------------N o r th C e n t r a l :
C h i c a g o -------------------------C l e v e l a n d ------------------------D e t r o i t --------------------------K a n s a s C i t y --------------------M in n e a p o lis —S t. P a u l ---S t. L o u i s ------------------------W e st:
D e n v e r —B o u ld e r ------- — —
L o s A n g e le s —L o n g B e a c h
San F r a n c i s c o —O a k la n d S e a ttle —E v e r e t t -------------
on
Number
of
workers
Average
weekly
earnings1
$ 10
$20
$3 0
$40
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF$60
$70
$80
$100
$110
$120
$50
$90
$20
$3 0
$40
$50
$60
U nder
$10
$ 140
$ l5 0
$ lbO
$ 1 /0
‘ $180
$180
over
and
$70
$80
$90
$100
$110
$120
$13 0
$140
$150
$160
$170
3 , 607
693
2 , 391
1 2 ,7 5 4
2 , 177
1 ,6 4 3
$ 5 0 . 50
62. 50
5 7 .0 0
1 0 5 .0 0
63. 00
4 8 .5 0
13
1
21
27
6
65
48
33
42
126
61
135
203
46
101
217
63
142
452
61
278
249
312
256
574
93
666
390
251
360
1, 627
151
384
568
322
135
442
112
343
633
281
176
50
51
234
478
133
107
67
24
79
419
443
183
13
19
90
734
136
33
7
21
37
544
112
22
109
22
53
4 ,9 4 2
29
3
22
26
1 ,0 1 7
14
4
23
14
1 ,4 0 3
10
19
8
8
292
3
3
2
5
582
-
4
3
87
1
-
3 , 199
1, 725
4 ,3 3 9
4 ,4 0 7
1 ,4 0 5
1, 089
1 ,5 7 0
4 , 698
42. 50
3 9. 00
4 3. 50
5 0 .0 0
50. 00
5 1 .0 0
40. 50
42. 50
52
103
79
62
19
6
47
164
144
161
125
114
104
20
90
272
303
243
156
155
100
50
171
372
705
512
649
330
194
204
432
822
1 ,2 5 5
358
2 ,2 3 8
1 ,3 6 4
385
343
458
2 , 184
325
87
753
1, 086
201
174
226
417
173
70
94
768
131
140
56
176
67
24
81
317
116
51
43
78
124
138
52
199
93
47
46
93
14
8
56
5
30
15
1
65
11
8
25
11
6
31
3
1
4
1
5
1
_
_
_
_
2
5
9
22
1
6
13
3
7
1
1
_
_
_
_
7
6
14
19
-
-
-
-
9
4 ,2 4 9
1 ,6 8 4
2 ,2 9 4
779
1 ,4 9 8
1 ,8 6 7
97.
83.
78.
54.
45.
50.
00
00
50
00
00
50
127
6
11
13
19
44
34
16
74
66
180
78
59
28
87
63
231
158
133
64
175
114
340
243
272
108
228
152
237
486
29 0
186
192
166
180
356
336
47
167
61
134
200
121
102
154
30
51
135
177
157
277
10
20
73
160
677
150
12
17
48
293
36
121
55
14
26
1, 078
214
541
12
33
15
163
31
108
7
21
-
772
2
9
3
17
4
66
53
2
31
6
6
78
2
8
2
1
6
1
-
_
1
-
50. 50
87. 00
1 3 3 .0 0
6 5 .0 0
7
16
12
3
39
159
36
26
147
213
14
26 0
355
59
8
298
422
6
2
141
351
42
4
52
449
54
11
37
299
42
12
30
237
48
106
421
18
40
426
18
8
4
390
24
14
6
1 ,4 2 4
24
12
2
135
24
-
3
38
156
6
14
42
-
3
516
-
1, 175
5 ,3 5 2
1 ,2 3 1
120
1 S tra ig h t-tim e a v e r a g e e a rn in g s in fo rm a tio n e x c lu d e s p re m iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and f o r w o rk
w eeken ds and h o lid a y s ,
but in clu d es p re m iu m p a y f o r la te -s h ift and hazardous w ork if, any.
"'$ r e o "
_
_
_
7
25
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
_
2
4
_
_
2
_
_
_
_
N O T E : W e e k ly e a r n i n g s w e r e r o u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o l l a r .
_
2
21
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
-
_
_
_
4
3
_
_
3
_
110
-
Table 36.
Weekly earnings distribution:
Window washers
(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k ly e a r n i n g s 1 o f w indow w a s h e r s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s ta b l is h m e n t s , 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING AVERAG E STRAIG HT-TIM E W EEKLY EARNINGS O F—
A rea
N o rth e a s t:
B o s to n --------------------------------------------------------------------—
N a s s a u —S u f f o l k -------------------------------------------------------N e w a r k --------------------------------------------------------------------N ew Y o rk ----------------------------------------------------------------P h i la d e l p h ia -----------------------------------------------------------P i t t s b u r g h ----------------------------------------------------------------S o uth:
A t l a n t a ---------------------------------------------------------------------B a l t i m o r e ----------------------------------------------------------------jja iid D r t* w o r m
n o u s io n —
—
^- -— j
^*
Number
of
workers
$40
U nder and
$40 u n d e r
$50
r $7< r
$80~
$100
$110 T T zo
$90
$100
$110
$120
16
3
7
4
14
16
7
9
$70
$80
5
-
_
1
6
2
_
_
-
1
-
_
77
8
11
3
2
6
22
1
5
1
2
21
-
1
6
2
2
1
2
34
54
23
14
18
28
4
4
-
10
5
-
5
-
2
2
1
2
1
1
4
-
_
13
4
18
8
6
8
6
5
-
3
-
4
25
30
114. 00
1 1 6 .0 0
89- 50
110. 50
3
5
1
1
2
2
1
4
-
2
2
4
9
6
148. 50
9 0 . 00
1 1 6 .5 0
6
12
8
-
10
6
10
6
19
-
15
9
-
-
3
5
_
-
4
18
-
-
3
7
1
2
2
-
-
6
8
'
3
"
-
138
198
60
82
135
225. 00
218. 50
2 2 7 .5 0
143. 00
157. 00
146. 50
56
1 1 2 . 00
220
173. 00
195. 50
135. 00
438
95
86
179
82
4
l
6
8
12
4
2 27
1
19
"
1 S t r a i g h t - t i m e a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s i n f o r m a t io n e x c lu d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and fo r w o rk
o n w e e k e n d s a n d h o lid a y s , b u t in c lu d e s p r e m iu m p ay fo r l a t e - s h i f t a n d h a z a r d o u s w o rk , if a n y .
6
1
-
$ 1 3 0 $ 1 4 0 $ 1 5 0 $ 1 6 0 $17 0 $ 1 8 0 $ 1 9 0
5
_
3
23
1
$ 1 3 0 $ 1 4 0 $15 0 $ 1 6 0 $ 170 $ 1 8 0 T W
$23 0 $240 $250
$200
$210
$220
$210
$220
$ 2 3 0 $24 0 $250 o v e r
_
_
_
85
12
1
and
$60
25
42
$90
$ 1 8 0 . 50
1 7 0 .5 0
1 6 0 .5 0
203. 50
146. 00
141. 50
66
22
-
$50 ^ 0
94
28
145
1, 317
327
217
20
W a s h in g to n --------------------------------------------------------------N o r th C e n t r a l :
C h ic a g o —---------------------------------------------- --------- --------- C le v e la n d ----------------------------------------------------------------D e t r o i t ---------------------------------------------------------------------K a n s a s C i ty -------------------------------------------------------------M in n e a p o lis —S t. P a u l ---------------------------------------------S t. L o u i s -----------------------------------------------------------------W e st:
D e n v e r —B o u l d e r ------------------------------------------------------L o s A n g e le s —L o n g B e a c h -------------------------------------S a n F r a n c i s c o —O a k la n d ----------------------------------------S e a tt l e —E v e r e t t -------------------------------------------------------
Average
weekly
earnings1
24
1
10
_
_
8
2
7
4
5
31
5
40
9
186
15
-
2
-
6
4
6
4
-
13
21
3
-
_
-
8
1
17
7
14
8
1
12
6
7
4
-
1
$200
-
_
_
2
2
2
1
91
3
3
35
-
-
-
_
8
64
_
15
43
13
15
14
27
11
1
1
21
1
2
1
2
-
-
4
2
14
4
10
4
-
6
-
-
-
-
6
15
4
6
11
95
4
4
40
85
10
24
12
17
9
-
37
23
5
4
5
5
9
-
144
-
10
3
5
15
4
3
5
-
17
14
9
5
43
19
5
5
19
-
4
81
4
25
6
6
26
5
•
3
_
1
596
7
4
17
_
15
165
1
-
1
4
99
8
3
_
-
10
20
6
-
-
1
1
2
6
14
2
1
1
-
8
14
9
8
4
8
4
"
6
"
10
6
■
2
'
1
1
20
6
9
3
1
1
6
4
19
17
2
2
2
1
2
17
7
2
W o rk e rs w e r e d is trib u te d as fo llo w s : 1 at under $10; 20 at $20 to
N O T E : W eek ly ea rn in gs w e r e rounded to the n e a re s t h a lf d o lla r.
2
$30; and
6
11
6
at $30 to $40.
T able 37. M ethod of w a g e p ay m en t
( P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f s e r v i c e w o r k e r s in c o n tr a c t c le a n in g s e r v i c e s e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
No r t h e a s t
M e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t 1
B o s to n
N assau—
S u ffo lk
N e w a rk
100
T im e ra te d - o r k c r o
I n d iv id u a l r a t e s
In c e n tiv e ir'orlc _
I n d i- u d u u l^ i e c c —o rl-
100
100
87
23
64
13
97
98
49
44
17
24
N ew
Y o rk
100
— L22-------
1
”
“
“
“
P itts
b u rg h
A tla n ta
B a lti
m o re
D a lla s —
F t . W o rth H o u s to n
M e m p h is
M ia m i
N ew
O rle a n s
W a s h in g
to n
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
99
91
73
17
9
99
71
68
3
28
99
51
51
48
93
9
9
”
84
99
39
7
32
60
97
4
1
3
93
98
13
3
9
85
97
97
78
3
3
76
98
53
53
45
97
32
23
9
64
1
“
1
( 2)
"
~
1
“
1
( 2)
7
3
-
1
-
3
1
( 2)
”
2
2
“
3
“
22
9
“
2
“
3
1
1
1
2
"
South
P h ila
d e lp h ia
n
’
N o r th C e n t r a l
C h ic a g o
C le v e la n d
D e tro it
K an sas
C ity
M in n e a p o lis —
S t. P a u l
S t. L o u is
D e n v e r—
B o u ld e r
L os A n g e le sLong B each
San F r a n
c is c o —
O a k la n d
S e a ttle —
E v e re tt
A ll w o r k e r s ---------
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
T i m e r a t e d w o r k e r s -----F o r m a l p l a n ------------S in g le r a t e ----------R a n g e o f r a t e s ---I n d iv id u a l r a t e s --------
100
87
82
5
13
96
94
83
10
3
100
68
50
18
32
96
77
61
15
20
100
96
89
6
4
98
39
22
16
60
90
63
33
29
28
98
97
95
2
1
99
95
93
2
4
100
66
66
I n c e n tiv e w o r k e r s -------I n d iv id u a l p i e c e w o r k
G r o u p p i e c e w o r k -----I n d iv id u a l b o n u s ------G r o u p b o n u s -------------
■
-
4
2
( 2)
( 2)
4
-
10
2
1
_
-
2
-
-
_
_
-
_
_
_
-
1
“
“
2
”
10
"
1
-
F o r d e f in itio n o f m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t, s e e a p p e n d ix A.
L e s s th a n 0 .5 p e r c e n t .
-
_
34
_
_
-
-
N O T E : B e c a u s e of r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l i te m s m a y n o t e q u a l to ta ls ,
Table 38.
Paid holidays
(P e r c e n t o f s e r v ic e w o r k e r s in co n tra c t clean in g s e r v ic e s esta b lish m en ts w ith fo r m a l p r o v is io n s f o r paid h o lid a y s , 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , July 1974)
N o rth e a s t
N u m b e r o f p a id h o lid a y s
B o s to n
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s ------------------W o r k e r s in e s ta b l is h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a id h o l i d a y s --------------------------------------L e s s th a n 3 d a y s -----------------------------4 d a y s ----------------------------------------------5 d a y s ----------------------------------------------6 d a y s ----------------------------------------------6 d a y s p lu s 1, 2, o r 3 h a lf d a y s ---7 d a y s ----------------------------------------------7 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s ----------8 d a y s ----------------------------------------------8 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s ---------9 d a y s ----------------------------------------------9 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s -----------10 d a y s --------------------------------------------O v e r 10 d a y s ------------------------------------
N assauS u ffo lk
N e w a rk
S outh
N ew
Y o rk
P h ila
d e lp h ia
P itts
b u rg h
A tla n ta
B a lti
m o re
D a lla s —
F t . W o rth H o u s to n
M e m p h is
M ia m i
N ew
O r le a n s
W a s h in g
to n
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
96
70
9
2
36
20
8
60
_
_
_
1
33
_
56
4
_
10
50
_
_
_
_
_
87
2
_
_
75
90
_
6
1
-
34
.
2
13
11
_
6
_
3
_
_
_
•
“
75
3
6
18
13
1
_
-
75
_
_
22
_
42
4
27
4
43
■
92
.
.
3
7
2
6
.
33
.
39
2
.
"
75
7
_
.
_
25
99
_
.
.
1
_
4
89
99
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
75
4
-
-
7
5
7
"
14
_
7
2 58
-
.
7
_
.
-
53
1
1
1
12
_
_
2
10
21
_
_
3
“
“
_
_
23
_
3
2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
7
_
_
-
-
-
-
28
_
31
_
5
-
N o r th C e n t r a l
S an F r a n
c is c o O a k la n d
C h ic a g o
C le v e la n d
D e tro it
K ansas
C ity
M in n e a p o li s—
S t. P a u l
S t. L o u is
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s ------------------
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p ro v id in g
p a id h o l i d a y s --------------------------------------L e s s th a n 3 d a y s ------------------------------
88
2
5 d a y s ----------------------------------------------6 d a y s ----------------------------------------------6 d a y s p lu s 1, 2, o r 3 h a lf d a y s ---7 d a y s ----------------------------------------------7 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s -----------8 d a y s ----------------------------------------------8 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s ----------9 d a y s ----------------------------------------------9 d a y s p lu s 1 o r 2 h a lf d a y s ----------10 d a y s ---------------------------------------------O v e r 10 d a y s ------------------------------------
D e n v e r—
B o u ld e r
L o s A n g e le sLong B each
S e a ttle —
E v e re tt
89
92
92
17
91
68
92
98
1
99
n
-
-
-
-
4
-
16
i
61
8
-
2
77
79
4
55
39
1
21
1
-
13
9
28
32
8
7
•
-
13
_
_
13
_
-
19
«.
_
13
25
_
-
15
_
56
1
_
16
95
_
4
_
4
-
5
“
.
”
_
_
_
_
_
“
“
75
1
3
“
“
L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t
A ll w o r k e r s r e c e i v e d 12 p a id h o lid a y s a n n u a lly .
“
NOTE:
-
B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l i te m s m a y n o t e q u a l t o ta l s .
"
Table 39.
Paid Vacations
(P e r c e n t o f s e r v ic e w o r k e r s in c o n tra c t clea n in g s e r v ic e s estab lish m en ts w ith fo r m a l p r o v is io n s fo r paid v a ca tio n s a ft e r s e le c te d p e r io d s o f s e r v ic e , 24 s e le c te d a re a s , Ju ly 1974)
N o r th e a s t
V a c a tio n p o lic y
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s ------------------------------
B o s to n
N assau —
S u ffo lk
N e w a rk
S outh
N ew
Y o rk
P h i la
d e lp h ia
P itts
b u rg h
A tla n ta 1
B a lti
m o re
D a lla s —
H o u s to n
F t . W o rth
M em phi s
M ia m i
N ew
O rle a n s
W a s h in g
ton
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
91
15
76
87
87
93
93
99
99
-
-
-
74
73
_
2
-
58
54
2
-
59
57
_
2
8
1
6
-
25
23
2
-
46
46
_
-
-
66
60
6
77
75
-
86
83
3
.
-
46
43
-
-
2
3
-
2
-
_
91
1
.
.
87
-
69
21
1
( 3)
98
_
1
3
74
9
1
_
63
_
3
_
23
39
6
2
12
_
2
55
2
42
1
2
_
74
1
1
9
.
82
-
1
11
_
74
_
59
_
7
_
-
.
_
1
( 3)
97
( 3)
_
.
.
87
_
24
.
69
17
14
13
2
.
.
_
9
16
1
11
_
.
_
83
87
77
-
.
_
9
_
11
_
•
.
.
80
16
.
.
2
71
53
21
7
( 3)
9
90
11
.
( 3)
M e th o d o f p a y m e n t
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id in g
p a id v a c a t i o n s ------------------------------------L e n g th o f tim e p a y m e n t s ----------------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t ------------------------F l a t - s u m p a y m e n t --------------------------O t h e r -------------------------------------------------
-
-
-
A m o u n t o f v a c a tio n p a y 2
A fte r 1 y e a r of s e rv ic e :
U n d e r 1 w e e k ----------------------------------1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------A fte r 2 y e a rs of s e rv ic e :
U n d e r 1 w e e k -----------------------------------1 w e e k -----------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s -----------------------------------------------O v e r 2 w e e k s ------------------------------------A fte r 3 y e a rs of s e rv ic e :
U n d e r 1 w e e k -------------------------------------1 w e e k ------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------O v e r 2 w e e k s -------------------------------------A fte r 5 y e a rs of s e rv ic e :
1 w e e k ------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----------------3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e :
1 w e e k -----------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------4 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e :
1 w e e k ------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------3 w e e k s ----------------------------------------------4 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : 4
1 w e e k -----------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------4 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------5 w e e k s ----------------------------------------------
_
-
9
.
1
( 3)
97
( 3)
_
_
.
.
2
12
22
_
-
•
_
80
10
65
57
3
93
( 3)
.
11
.
.
12
15
( 3)
6
_
9
.
2
_
_
5
76
4
70
54
12
.
6
.
11
82
.
_
_
_
13
1
10
_
_
3
1
20
42
2
15
74
7
.
.
_
.
4
2
39
41
7
3
16
8
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
33
53
41
_
_
13
22
2
4
1
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
21
45
31
3
14
26
2
9
_
_
4
4
_
17
24
1
29
21
45
_
31
24
27
4
4
. 25
_
.
27
.
18
_
59
_
67
1
53
20
40
2
5
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
5
.
12
1
2
_
2
_
1
4
2
19
13
49
7
3
40
2
2
21
45
29
2
21
3
6
-
_
23
_
35
_
7
2
3
.
_
23
19
_
_
_
23
8
_
_
3
12
4
5
_
_
40
2
2
21
45
_
30
5
_
2
9
•
11
.
4
7
3
.
_
.
_
_
2
5
76
12
4
70
-
( 3)
5
3
91
-
23
25
10
-
19
2
8
14
60
-
_
21
_
_
_
4
2
9
13
59
19
_
15
54
12
-
_
58
_
_
_
-
59
8
35
2
14
_
46
_
-
_
_
_
3
14
26
2
_
41
60
_
_
6
2
11
1
_
3
6
41
60
_
_
.
_
9
8
29
2
21
_
_
_
_
_
_
21
_
6
69
_
1
13
1
3
20
6
2
_
_
_
_
40
2
2
1
4
10
21
45
_
-
_
_
_
9
20
8
29
2
21
6
_
21
1
3
-
41
2
_
_
-
-
59
12
1
-
_
-
3
11
1
6
Table 39.
Paid vacations—Continued
(P e r c e n t o f s e r v ic e w o r k e r s in co n tra ct clean in g s e r v ic e s e sta b lish m en ts w ith fo r m a l p r o v is io n s f o r paid v a ca tio n s a ft e r s e le c te d p e rio d s o f s e r v ic e , 24 s e le c te d a re a s , Ju ly 1974)
W e st
N o rth C e n t r a l
V a c a tio n p o lic y
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s ----------------------------
D e tro it1
K an sas
C ity
M in n e a p o li s—
S t. P a u l
St. L o u is
D e n v e r—
B o u ld e r
L o s A n g e le sLong B each
San F r a n
c is c o O a k la n d
S e a ttle E v e re tt
C h ic a g o
C le v e la n d
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
85
85
-
89
89
-
92
90
2
97
40
57
-
17
17
.
-
87
87
-
65
37
28
89
87
2
98
97
1
.
-
99
99
.
.
-
_
4
_
94
96
M e th o d o f p a y m e n t
W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p ro v id in g
p a id v a c a t i o n s ------------------------------------L e n g th o f tim e p a y m e n t s ----------------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t -----------------------F l a t - s u m p a y m e n t --------------------------O t h e r ------------------------------------------------
-
-
-
-
83
2
_
81
9
2
86
2
1
_
79
17
_
_
.
13
_
72
-
77
.
12
-
1
14
1
76
-
.
6
92
-
_
_
_
85
_
.
.
1
2
_
87
2
6
_
92
„
_
2
17
_
85
_
-
.
88
1
37
_
52
6
_
91
_
16
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
86
_
1
_
64
_
22
A m o u n t o f v a c a tio n p a y 23
A f t e r 1 y e a r of s e r v i c e :
U n d e r 1 w e e k -----------------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s -------------2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------A fte r 2 y e a rs of s e rv ic e :
U n d e r 1 w e e k ---------------------------------1 w e e k ----------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s -------------2 w e e k s --------------------------------------------O v e r 2 w e e k s -----------------------------------A fte r 3 y e a rs of s e rv ic e :
U n d e r 1 w e e k -----------------------------------1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s -------------2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------O v e r 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------A fte r 5 y e a rs of s e rv ic e :
1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ------------3 w e e k s -------------------------------------------A f t e r 10 y e a r s of s e r v i c e :
1 w e e k --------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ------------2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ------------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e :
1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ------------3 w e e k s -------------------------------------------4 w e e k ---------------------------------------------A f t e r 20 y e a r s of s e r v i c e : 4
1 w e e k s ------------------------------ —----------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------4 w e e k s --------------------------------------------5 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------
.
.
78
_
7
89
-
1
( 2)
6
«,
34
_
1
58
15
-
«.
13
41
34
6
_
29
39
23
_
.
13
32
43
-
6
29
39
23
-
.
.
5
2
-
-
80
-
87
.
17
_
71
1
.
5
.
74
6
.
1
.
78
10
_
5
67
11
2
.
1
77
10
-
17
-
-
_
4
_
83
2
82
_
3
65
18
3
44
_
_
5
3
57
_
10
_
79
_
1
_
96
1
_
82
2
97
1
99
_
2
3
46
16
9
93
15
6
4
m
69
89
2
4
44
-
13
_
71
2
_
_
7
-
2
2
6
_
78
2
41
4
13
_
2
9
10
12
10
2
_
6
78
2
-
_
_
_
99
6
_
2
_
6
_
78
2
4
13
3
41
12
10
4
_
10
_
16
59
4
_
10
16
59
82
9
_
3
90
6
_
7
_
_
3
11
80
96
_
_
7
4
87
-
3
96
_
-
1
T w o p e rc e n t o f the s e r v ic e w o rk e rs in Atlanta and 1 p e rc e n t in D e tr o it w e r e s a r ily r e fle c t in d ivid u al e sta b lish m en t p r o v is io n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n . F o r e x a m p le changes
in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g a m axim u m o f under 1 w eek o f v a ca tio n pay.
A n oth er
in p ro p o rtio n s in dicated at y e a r s m a y include changes o c c u rrin g b etw een 5 and 10 y e a r s .
2 p e rc e n t o f D e t r o it 's s e r v ic e w o r k e r s , not shown s e p a ra te ly , w e r e e lig ib le fo r o v e r
3 L e s s than 0.5 p e rc e n t.
3 but under 4 w e e k s ' va c a tio n pay a fte r 5 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e .
4 V a ca tion p r o v is io n s w e r e v ir tu a lly the sam e a fte r lo n g e r p e rio d s of s e r v ic e .
" V a ca tio n p aym en ts such as p ercen t o f annual e a rn in g s , w e r e c o n v e rte d to an
eq u iv a le n t tim e b a s is . P e r io d s of s e r v ic e w e r e a r b it r a r ily chosen and do not n e c e s
NOTE:
B ecau se o f rounding, sums o f in dividu al item s m ay not equal to ta ls .
Table 40. Health, insurance, and retirement plans
(P e r c e n t o f s e r v ic e w o r k e r s in c o n tra c t clea n in g s e r v ic e s estab lish m en ts u n der s p e c ifie d h ealth , in su ra n ce, and re tir e m e n t plans, 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , Ju ly 1974)
N o rth e a s t
T y p e o f p la n 1
B o s to n
N assau—
S u ffo lk
N e w a rk
South
N ew
Y o rk
P h ila
d e lp h ia
P itts
b u rg h
A tla n ta
B a lti
m o re
D a lla s —
F t . W o rth
H o u s to n
M em phi s
M ia m i
N ew
O rle a n s
W a sh in g
ton
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
5
5
75
75
66
66
90
90
76
75
45
45
5
1
16
15
5
4
21
7
8
8
40
16
10
3
27
17
4
4
_
-
16
16
1
1
76
75
32
32
2
( 2)
16
15
5
4
7
.
8
8
39
15
_
_
27
17
2
16
1
12
5
29
32
52
„
8
1
4
4
17
7
_
-
1
-
-
15
13
W o r k e r s i n e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r o v id in g :
L ife i n s u r a n c e ---------------------------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ---------------A c c id e n ta l d e a th a n d d i s m e m b e r .
m e n t i n s u r a n c e -----------------------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ----------------S ic k n e ss and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e
o r s ic k l e a v e o r b o th 3 ------------------S ic k n e ss and a c c id e n t
i n s u r a n c e ----------------------------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ----------S ic k l e a v e (fu ll p a y , n o
w a itin g p e r i o d ) -------------------------S ic k l e a v e ( p a r t i a l p a y o r
w a itin g p e r i o d ) ----------- —-------- —
H o s p i ta l iz a t io n i n s u r a n c e ---------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ---------------S u r g ic a l i n s u r a n c e -------------------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ---------------M e d ic a l i n s u r a n c e --------------------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ---------------M a jo r m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e ---------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s -------- ——
R e t i r e m e n t p l a n s 4 --------------------------P e n s io n p l a n s -----------------------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ----------S e v e r a n c e p a y -----------------------------No p l a n s --------------------------------------------
95
S e e f o o tn o te s a t e n d o f ta b le ,
1
78
40
90
78
29
1
1
64
64
23
23
89
89
76
75
25
25
1
72
33
2
3
7
2
15
1
3
1
18
32
14
.
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
“
5
79
78
79
78
56
55
5
5
74
74
74
-
•
73
73
57
57
57
57
4
4
5
5
5
-
88
91
90
91
90
90
90
89
89
89
89
89
-
12
77
77
77
77
77
77
35
34
69
69
67
-
.
45
41
19
15
25
25
5
5
11
11
11
3
.
6
_
6
.
6
.
6
_
3
3
3
-
1
20
16
20
16
16
13
16
13
6
6
6
-
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
1
1
1
-
2
21
7
21
7
21
7
21
7
19
19
11
-
.
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
4
4
4
-
_
36
14
36
14
30
15
30
15
12
12
12
-
.
8
3
8
3
8
3
8
3
.
26
27
10
27
10
18
1
18
1
12
12
12
-
20
15
9
22
55
93
80
95
70
92
61
59
44
-
Table 40.
Health, insurance, and retirement plans—Continued
(P e r c e n t o f s e r v ic e w o r k e r s in co n tra ct clea n in g s e r v ic e s esta b lish m en ts under s p e c ifie d h ealth, in su ra n ce, and r e tir e m e n t plans, 24 s e le c te d a r e a s , J u ly 1974)
W est
N o r th C e n t r a l
T y p e of p la n 1
C h ic a g o
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s --------------------
C le v e la n d
D e tro it
K an sas
C ity
M in n e a p o lis —
S t. P a u l
S t. L o u is
D e n v e r—
B o u ld e r
L os A n g e le s Long B each
San F r a n c is c o O a k la n d
S e a ttle —
E v e re tt
100
100
100
100
100
1
1
82
82
3
-
71
71
84
83
95
95
48
44
_
3
3
3
-
-
63
63
81
81
95
95
100
100
100
100
18
16
89
88
66
66
79
74
11
9
89
88
65
65
..... i o o .„ _
...
W o r k e r s i n e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r o v id in g :
L ife i n s u r a n c e --------------------------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ---------------A c c id e n ta l d e a th a n d d i s m e m b e r m e n t i n s u r a n c e -----------------------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ---------------S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e
o r s i c k l e a v e o r b o th 3 -----------------S ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t
i n s u r a n c e ----------------------------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ---------S ic k l e a v e ( fu ll p a y , n o
w a itin g p e r i o d ) -----------------------S ic k l e a v e ( p a r t i a l p a y o r
w a itin g p e r i o d ) -------------------------H o s p i ta l iz a t io n i n s u r a n c e ---------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ---------------S u r g ic a l i n s u r a n c e --------------------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ---------------M e d ic a l i n s u r a n c e ---------------------------
17
89
72
66
15
14
6
70
91
95
9
8
88
88
65
65
59
59
11
11
14
14
_
-
_
-
1
1
79
79
1
20
7
4
2
-
43
11
16
-
-
51
51
51
51
51
51
43
43
35
35
35
-
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
82
82
82
82
6
6
78
78
78
6
28
25
28
25
27
24
10
7
.
_
-
27
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
61
61
61
-
79
93
91
93
91
93
91
93
91
91
91
91
-
74
95
95
95
95
95
95
95
95
95
95
95
-
21
18
66
22
7
5
4
M a jo r m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e ---------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ---------------R e t i r e m e n t p l a n s 4 --------------------------P e n s io n p l a n s -----------------------------N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y p l a n s ----------S e v e r a n c e p a y ----------------------------
5
75
73
75
73
75
73
66
64
63
63
63
-
89
88
89
88
12
11
80
79
89
89
88
“
3
73
73
73
73
15
15
5
5
64
64
64
-
N o p l a n s --------------------------------------------
23
11
27
-
.
-
83
1 I n c lu d e s o n ly t h o s e p la n s f o r w h ic h th e e m p lo y e r p a y s a t l e a s t p a r t o f th e c o s t a n d
2 L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t ,
e x c lu d e s l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d p la n s s u c h a s w o r k e r s ' c o m p e n s a tio n a n d s o c ia l s e c u r i t y .
H ow 3 U n d u p lic a te d t o ta l of w o r k e r s e lig ib le f o r s ic k l e a v e o r s ic k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t
e v e r , p la n s r e q u i r e d b y S ta te t e m p o r a r y d i s a b i li ty in s u r a n c e la w s a r e in c lu d e d i f th e e m - i n s u r a n c e sh o w n s e p a r a te l y .
p l o y e r c o n tr i b u te s m o r e th a n i s r e q u i r e d o r th e e m p lo y e e s r e c e i v e b e n e f its o v e r th e l e g a l
4 U n d u p lic a te d to ta l of w o r k e r s c o v e r e d by p e n s io n o r r e t i r e m e n t s e v e r a n c e p ay
r e q u ir e m e n ts .
p la n s sh o w n s e p a r a t e l y .
T able 41. O th e r s e le c te d b e n e fits
(P e r c e n t o f s e r v ic e w o r k e r s in co n tra c t clean in g s e r v ic e s esta b lish m en ts w ith p r o v is io n s fo r fu n era l le a v e pay and ju r y duty pay, 24 s e le c te d a re a s , July 1974)
N o rth e a s t
I te m 1
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s --------------------
South
B o s to n
N assau ^S u ffo lk
N e w a rk
N ew
Y o rk
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
85
85
68
46
51
42
92
9
34
27
45
15
5
10
15
5
P h ila
d e lp h ia
P itts
b u rg h
B a l ti
m o re
A tla n ta
D a lla s —
F t . W o rth
N ew
O rle a n s
W a s h in g
to n
H o u s to n
M e m p h is
M ia m i
100
100
100
100
100
100
15
20
4
21
37
30
22
31
-
18
27
W o r k e r s in e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith
p r o v is i o n s f o r:
F u n e r a l l e a v e p a y ---------------------------J u r y d u ty p a y ------------------------------------
N o r th C e n t r a l
A ll s e r v i c e w o r k e r s ------------------
W est
San F r a n
c is c o —
O a k la n d
C h ic a g o
C le v e la n d
D e tro it
K an sas
C ity
M in n e a p o li s—
S t. P a u l
S t. L o u is
D e n v e r—
B o u ld e r
L os A n g e le sLong B each
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
66
8
88
57
47
22
37
29
27
9
3
2
4
37
46
62
84
70
90
90
S e a ttle —
E v e re tt
W o r k e r s i n e s ta b l is h m e n t s w ith
p r o v is i o n s f o r:
F u n e r a l l e a v e p a y ---------------------------J u r y d u ty p a y -----------------------------------
F o r d e f in itio n o f b e n e f i ts , s e e a p p e n d ix A,
NOTE:
D a s h e s i n d ic a te no d a ta r e p o r t e d ,
Appendix A.
Scope and Method of Survey
Scope of survey
Service workers
The survey included establishments engaged primarily in
cleaning windows in business houses and dwellings (SIC
7341) ; establishments engaged primarily in disinfecting
buildings and in exterminating insects, rodents, etc. (SIC
7342) , and establishments engaged primarily in furnishing
to dwellings and other buildings specialized services, such as
janitorial service, floor waxing, and office cleaning (SIC
7349). These three industries represent the entire Industry
Group No. 734, as defined in the 1967 edition of the
Standard Industrial Classification Manual, prepared by the
U.S. Office o f Management and Budget.
Establishments studied were selected from those em
ploying eight workers or more at the time of reference of
the data used in compiling the universe lists. Table A-l
shows the number of establishments and workers estimated
to be within the scope of the survey, as well as the number
actually studied by the Bureau.
The term “service worker,” as used in this report,
includes working supervisors and all regularly employed
full- and part-time nonsupervisory workers engaged in
performing nonoffice activities. Administrative, executive,
professional, and technical personnel, and force-account
construction employees, who are used as a separate work
force on the firm’s own properties, are excluded. Casual
workers, those hired on a job basis, also were excluded.
Method of study
Data were obtained by personal visits of the Bureau’s
field staff to a representative sample of establishments
within the scope of the survey. To obtain appropriate
accuracy at a minimum cost, a greater proportion of large
than of small establishments was studied. In combining the
data, however, all establishments were given an appropriate
weight. All estimates are presented, therefore, as relating to
all establishments in the industry, excluding only those
below the minimum size at the time of reference of the
universe data.
Occupational classification was based on a uniform set
of job descriptions designed to take account of interestab
lishment and interarea variations in duties within the same
job. (See appendix B for these descriptions.) The criteria
for selection of the occupations were: The number of
workers in the occupation; the usefulness of the data in
collective bargaining; and appropriate representation of the
entire job scale in the industry. The selected occupations
included full- and part-time workers (i.e., those scheduled
to work regularly in the establishment); casual workers,
working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners,
trainees, and handicapped, temporary, and probationary
workers were not reported in the data for selected
occupations but, except for casual workers, were included
in the data for all service workers.
Wage data
Information on wages relates to straight-time hourly
earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work
on weekends and holidays. Premium pay for late-shift work
and for hazardous work was included in straight-time
earnings for workers receiving such payments. This proce
dure was followed to achieve comparable data between
establishments which have separate formal provisions for
late-shift work and-or formal provisions for hazardous work
and those which have built the differentials into the rate.
Incentive payments, such as those resulting from piecework
or production bonus systems, and cost-of-living bonuses
were included as part of the workers’ regular pay. Nonpro
duction bonus payments, such as Christmas or yearend
bonuses, were excluded.
Group average hourly earnings were obtained by dividing
Establishment definition
For this study, an establishment is defined as a single
physical location which provides services to dwellings and
other buildings on a fee or contract basis. An establishment
is not necessarily identical with a business concern or
company, which may consist of one establishment or more.
Employment
Estimates of the number of workers within the scope of
the study are intended as a general guide to the size and
composition of the industry’s labor force, rather than as
precise measures of employment.
Occupations selected for study
59
Table A-1. Estimated number of workers in contract cleaning services establishments and number studied, July 1974
Number of
2
establishments
Area1
Total, 24 areas .............................................
Northeast:
B o sto n ........................................................................
Nassau-Suffolk...........................................................
Newark ......................................................................
New York .................................................................
Philadelphia
...........................................................
Pittsburgh .................................................................
South:
Atlanta ......................................................................
Baltimore .................................................................
Dallas-Ft. Worth ......................................................
H ouston ........................................................ .............
Memphis ...................................................................
Miami ........................................................................
New Orleans .............................................................
Washington, D.C........................................................
North Central:
Chicago ...................................................................
Cleveland .................................................................
D e tro it........................................................................
Kansas City ...............................................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul ...............................................
St. Louis ....................................................................
West:
Denver-Boulder ........................................................
Los Angeles-Long Beach .........................................
San Francisco-Oakland ...........................................
Seattle-Everett ........................................................
Workers in establishments
Within scope of study
Within
scope
of study
Actually
studied
Total3
2,451
608
98
83
91
272
150
57
28
25
21
46
37
17
6,067
2,666
7,503
38,159
7,112
3,197 '
76
55
113
88
29
78
40
116
22
19
22
22
10
26
14
35
187
73
110
50
68
79
84
274
129
51
F o r d e fin itio n o f areas, see fo o tn o te 1 , tables 9 -3 2 .
In cludes o n ly establishm ents w h ic h had 8 w o rk e rs o r m o re
a t th e tim e o f refe re n c e o f th e universe d a ta .
Service
workers
Actually
studied
Total
143,489
99,399
5,570
2,284
7,012
35,400
6,213
2,871
4,161
1,738
4,247
25,720
3,797
2,088
5,751
4,740
6,120
7,467
2,102
2,933
2,341
10,195
5,120
4,038
5,600
7,408
1,904
2,429
2,177
8,697
3,969
3,591
2,686
5,715
1,458
1,774
1,581
6,480
43
23
32
17
19
23
10,137
3,644
5,147
2,371
3,234
3,444
8,865
3,326
4,528
2,104
2,856
3,174
5,491
2,704
3,243
1,620
1,952
1,879
27
40
28
12
3,472
12,996
5,917
2,367
3,031
11,641
5,186
2,055
2,148
6,319
3,954
1,084
159,082
3
In clu d e s e x e c u tiv e , p rofessional, o ffic e c le ric a l, an d o th e r
w o rk e rs e x c lu d e d fr o m th e separate service w o rk e r c atego ry.
2
structure is one in which the same rate is paid to all
experienced workers in the same job classification.
(Learners, apprentices, or probationary workers may be
paid according to rate schedules which start below the
single rate and permit the workers to achieve the full job
rate over a period of time.) An experienced worker
occasionally may be paid above or below the single rate for
aggregate weekly earnings by aggregate weekly hours.1
Average weekly earnings were obtained by dividing the sum
of the aggregate weekly earnings by the total number of
workers. For salaried workers, “normal” hours were used
rather than actual hours. Weekly earnings were rounded to
the nearest half dollar.
Method of wage payment
This method o f computing average hourly earnings differs from
the usual practice in which average hourly earnings were calculated
by summing individual hourly earnings and dividing by the number
of individuals. This change in procedure was made because o f the
wide variations in individual weekly hours worked in the contract
cleaning services industry; such variations often are related to wide
differences in hourly earnings. In the earnings distribution tables,
however, workers were distributed among specified earnings classes
according to their individual hourly rates.
Tabulations by method of wage payment relate to the
number of workers paid under the various time and
incentive wage systems. Formal rate structures for time
rated workers provide single rates or a range of rates for
individual job categories. In the absence of a formal rate
structure, pay rates are determined primarily by the
qualifications of the individual worker. A single rate
60
and those paid directly by the employer from his current
operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose.
Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance.
Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of
insurance under which predetermined cash payments are
made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis
during illness or accident disability. Information is pre
sented for all such plans to which the employer contributes
at least a part of the cost. However, in New York and New
Jersey, where temporary disability insurance laws require
employer contributions,2 plans are included only if the
employer (1) contributes more than is legally required, or
(2) provides the employees with benefits which exceed the
requirements of the law.
Tabulations of paid sick leave plans are limited to formal
plans which provide full pay or a proportion of the
worker’s pay during absence from work because of illness;
informal arrangements have been omitted. Separate tabula
tions are provided for (1) plans which provide full pay and
no waiting period, and (2) plans providing either partial pay
or a waiting period.
Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete
or partial payment of doctors’ fees. Such plans may be
underwritten by a commercial insurance company or a
nonprofit organization, or they may be a form of self-insur
ance.
Major medical insurance, sometimes referred to as
extended medical or catastrophe insurance, includes plans
designed to cover employees for sickness or injury involving
an expense which exceeds the normal coverage of hospitali
zation, medical, and surgical plans.
Tabulations of retirement pensions are limited to plans
which provide regular payments for the remainder of the
retiree’s life. Data are presented separately for retirement
severance pay (one payment or several over a specified
period of time) made to employees on retirement. Estab
lishments providing both retirement severance payments
and retirement pensions to employees were considered as
having both retirement pensions and retirement severance
plans; however, establishments having optional plans pro
viding employees a choice of either retirement severance
payments or pensions were considered as having only
retirement pension benefits.
special reasons, but such payments are exceptions. Rangeof-rate plans are those in which the minimum, maximum,
or both of these rates paid experienced workers for the
same job are specified. Specific rates of individual workers
within the range may be determined by merit, length of
service, or combination of these. Incentive workers are
classified under piecework or bonus plans. Piecework is
work for which a predetermined rate is paid for each unit
of output. Production bonuses are for production in excess
of a quota or for completion of a task in less than standard
time.
Weekly hours of work
Data relate to the weekly hours actually worked by each
worker during the payroll period studied. Average weekly
hours worked were rounded to the nearest half-hour.
Supplementary benefits
Supplementary benefits in an establishment were consid
ered applicable to all full- and part-time service workers if
they applied to half of such workers or more in the
establishment. Similarly, if fewer than half of the workers
were covered, the benefit was considered nonexistent in the
establishment. Because of length-of-service and other eligi
bility requirements, the proportion of workers receiving the
benefits may be smaller than estimated.
Paid holidays. Paid holiday provisions relate to full-day and
half-day holidays provided annually.
Paid vacations. The summaries of vacation plans are limited
to formal arrangements and exclude informal plans where
by time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the
employer or supervisor. Payments not on a time basis were
converted; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual
earnings was considered the equivalent of 1 week’s pay. The
periods of service for which data are presented represent
the most common practices, but they do not necessarily
reflect individual establishment provisions for progression.
For example, changes in proportions indicated at 10 years
of service may include changes which occurred between 5
and 10 years.
Paid funeral and ju ry-d u ty leave. Data for paid funeral and
jury-duty leave relate to formal plans which provide at least
partial payment for time lost as a result of attending
funerals of specified family members or serving as a juror.
Health, insurance , and retirem ent plans. Data are presented
for health, insurance, pension, and retirement severance
plans for which the employer pays all or a part of the cost,
excluding programs required by law such as worker’s
compensation and social security. Among plans included
are those underwritten by a commercial insurance company
2
The temporary disability insurance laws in California and
Rhode Island do not require employer contributions.
61
Appendix B.
Occupational Descriptions
The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’s wage surveys is to assist its
field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of
payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to
area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content.
Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content,
the Bureau’s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or
those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’s field staff are
instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners; trainees, and handicapped,
temporary, and probationary workers. Regularly employed part-time workers were included in the
selected occupations.
Exterminator
Cleaner, heavy
Kills, by application of chemicals, vermin such as
roaches, beetles, moths, ants, bedbugs, rats, and mice which
infest dwellings and other buildings. Work involves the
following: Spraying chemical solutions throughout rooms
and into hiding places with a spray gun to kill insects;
dusting sodium fluoride and other poisonous chemical
powders into hiding places of roaches; and setting out
poisonous paste or bait in boxes or other containers near
places where vermin are present. May remove mattresses,
upholstered furniture, and clothing from building and
fumigate them in a vault at the business establishment to
destroy insects. Excludes workers who specialize in the
destruction of insects and rodents through the use of lethal
fumigants, and those primarily engaged in termite control.
(Janitor, porter, utility laborer)
Performs heavy cleaning duties in dwellings and other
buildings, including any or a com bination o f the following:
Operating heavy motor-driven cleaning equipment (other
than light vacuum sweepers and floor waxers); wet-mopping
floors; washing walls and glass partitions; polishing marble
or brass; moving heavy furniture; hosing sidewalks and
shoveling snow; and removing heavy rubbish. Include in this
classification workers who perform combination duties of
cleaning and providing m inor maintenance services such as
changing light bulbs, repairing Venetian blinds, and install
ing and-or removing electric fans. Exclude workers who
specialize in window washing (window washers), workers
waxing floors (waxers, floor), and those who are addition
ally responsible for the operation of heating, air-condition
ing, or other mechanical equipment.
Waxer, floor
Cleaner, light
Cleans, waxes, and polishes floors by hand or machine.
Work involves: Removing dirt and blemishes from floor,
using various cleaning solvents and compounds according to
the composition of floor; applying paste or liquid wax to
floor with rags or machine; and polishing floor with electric
polishing machine or weighted brush.
(Janitor, porter, sweeper, charman, or charwoman)
Performs light cleaning duties in dwellings and other
buildings, usually limited to such tasks as: Sweeping and
dry mopping floors; dusting furniture and equipment;
emptying waste baskets; and vacuuming rugs with a
home-type vacuum cleaner. E xclude workers performing
heavy cleaning tasks described above (cleaners, heavy),
workers specializing in window washing (window washers),
workers waxing floors (waxers, floor), chambermaids, and
those who are responsible for the operation of heating,
air-conditioning, or other mechanical equipment.
Window washer
Cleans windows, inside or outside, in such establish
ments as office buildings, stores, apartment houses, private
homes, and hotels.
62
Industry Wage Studies
The most recent reports providing occupational wage data for industries included in the Bureau’s
program of industry wage surveys since 1960 are listed below. Copies are for sale from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, or from any
of its regional sales offices, and from the regional offices of the Bureau of Labor Statistics shown on the
inside back cover. Copies that are out of stock are available for reference purposes at leading public,
college, or university libraries, or at the Bureau’s Washington or regional offices.
Manufacturing- Continued
Manufacturing
Basic Iron and Steel, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1839
Candy and Other Confectionery Products, 1970. BLS
Bulletin 1732
Cigar Manufacturing, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1796
Cigarette Manufacturing, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1748
Fabricated Structural Steel, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1695
Fertilizer Manufacturing, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1763
Flour and Other Grain Mill Products, 1972. BLS Bulletin
1803
Fluid Milk Industry, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1871
Footwear, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1792
Hosiery, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1863
Industrial Chemicals, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1768
Iron and Steel Foundries, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1894
Leather Tanning and Finishing, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1835
Machinery Manufacturing, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1859
Meat Products, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1896
Men’s and Boys’ Separate Trousers, 1971. BLS Bulletin
1752
Men’s and Boys’ Shirts (Except Work Shirts) and Night
wear, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1901
Men’s and Boys’ Suits and Coats, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1843
Miscellaneous Plastics Products, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1690
Motor Vehicles and Parts, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1679
Nonferrous Foundries, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1726
Paints and Varnishes, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1739
Paperboard Containers and Boxes, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1719
Petroleum Refining, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1741
Pressed or Blown Glass and Glassware, 1970. BLS Bulletin
1713
Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1844
Southern Sawmills and Planing Mills, 1969. BLS Bulletin
1694
Structural Clay Products, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1697
Synthetic Fibers, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1740
Textile Dyeing and Finishing, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1757
Textiles, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1801
Wages and Demographic Characteristics in Work Clothing
Manufacturing, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1858
West Coast Sawmilling, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1704
Women’s and Misses’ Coats and Suits, 1970. BLS Bulletin
1728
Women’s and Misses’ Dresses, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1908
Wood Household Furniture, Except Upholstered, 1971.
BLS Bulletin 1793
Nonmanufactoring
Appliance Repair Shops, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1838
Auto Dealer Repair Shops, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1876
Banking, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1862
Bituminous Coal Mining, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1583
Communications, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1909
Contract Cleaning Services, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1778
Contract Construction, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1853
Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Production, 1972. BLS
Bulletin 1797
Department Stores, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1869
E d u c a tio n a l Institutions: Nonteaching Employees,
1968-69. BLS Bulletin 1671
Electric and Gas Utilities, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1834
Hospitals, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1829
Hotel and Motels, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1883
Laundry and Cleaning Services, 1968. BLS Bulletin 16451
Life Insurance, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1791
Metal Mining, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1820
Motion Picture Theaters, 1966. BLS Bulletin 15421
Nursing Homes and Related Facilities, 1973. BLS Bulletin
1855
Scheduled Airlines, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1734
Wages and Tips in Restaurants and Hotels, 1970. BLS
Bulletin 1712
1Bulletin out o f stock.
63
A n n o u n c in g :
LOWER SUBSCRIPTION PRICES
T h e G o v ern m en t P rinting O ffice has an n o u n c ed low er su b scrip tio n prices fo r seven BLS periodicals.
T h e new prices are based o n postal classification changes in itiated by th e B ureau o f L abor Statistics.
M o n th ly L abor Review
$ 2 0 per year
Single c o p y
Fo reig n rate
$ 2 .4 0
$ 2 5 .0 0
E m p lo y m en t and Earnings
$ 2 4 per year
Single c o p y
Foreign ra te
$ 2 .7 0
$ 3 0 .0 0
C u rre n t Wage D evelopm ents
$ 12 per year
S ingle c o p y
Fo reig n rate
$ 1 .3 5
$ 1 6 .0 0
W holesale Prices an d Price Indexes
$ 1 6 per year
S in gle c o p y
S u p p le m e n t
Fo reig n rate
$ 1 .8 0
$ 2 .7 0
$ 2 0 .0 0
$ 9 per year
S ingle c o p y
Fo reig n ra te
$
.7 5
$ 1 1 .0 0
C h a rtb o o k o n Prices, Wages, and
P ro d u ctiv ity
$11 p er year
Single c o p y
Fo reig n ra te
$
.9 5
$ 1 4 .0 0
O ccu p ational O u tlo o k Q u arterly
$ 4 p er year
Single c o p y
F o reig n ra te
$ 1 .3 0
$ 5 .0 0
CPI D etailed R ep o rt
S u b scrib e to th ese U. S. D e p a rtm e n t o f L abor periodicals b y w riting to th e S u p e rin te n d e n t o f
D ocum ents, G o v ern m en t P rinting O ffice, W ashington, D. C. 2 0 4 0 2 . C hecks should b e m ade
p ay ab le to th e S u p e rin te n d e n t o f D ocum ents.
☆
U. s.
GOVERNM ENT
P R IN T IN G
O F F IC E : 1976
O - 2 1 0 -8 8 2
(1 8 9 )
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
REGIONAL OFFICES
Region V
Region I
1 6 0 3 J F K Fe deral B u ild in g
9 th F lo o r
G o v e rn m e n t C en ter
B os ton , Mass. 0 2 2 0 3
Fe deral O ffic e B u ild in g
2 3 0 S. D e a rb o rn S tre e t
C h ic a g o , III. 6 0 6 0 4
Phone:
(6 1 7 )
2 2 3 -6 7 6 1
Phone:
R egion II
S u ite 3 4 0 0
1 5 1 5 B ro a d w a y
N e w Y o r k , N .Y . 1 0 0 3 6
Phone:
(2 1 2 )
Region V I
S econd F lo o r
5 5 5 G r iffin S quare B u ild in g
D allas, T e x . 7 5 2 0 2
3 9 9 -5 4 0 5
Phone:
(2 1 4 )
7 4 9 -3 5 1 6
Regions V II and V I I I *
Region III
911 W a ln u t S tre e t
Kansas C ity . M o . 6 4 1 0 6
3 5 3 5 M a rk e t S tre e t
P .O . B ox 1 3 3 0 9
P h ila d e lp h ia , Pa. 1 9 1 0 1
Phone: (2 1 5 ) 5 9 6 -1 1 5 4
Phone:
(8 1 6 )
3 7 4 -2 4 8 1
Regions IX and X * *
Region IV
4 5 0 G o ld e n G a te A ven u e
1 3 7 1 P eac htree S tre e t, N E .
A tla n ta , G a . 3 0 3 0 9
Phone: (4 0 4 ) 5 2 6 -5 4 1 8
(3 1 2 ) 3 5 3 - 1 8 8 0
B ox 3 6 0 1 7
San Fran cisc o, C a lif. 9 4 1 0 2
P hone:
* R e g io n s V II a n d V III a r e s e r v ic e d b y K a n s a s C ity
* * R e g io n s IX a n d X a r e s e r v ic e d b y S a n F r a n c is c o
(4 1 5 )
5 5 6 -4 6 7 8
U. S. D epartm ent of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
W ashington, D.C. 20212
P ostage and Fees Paid
U.S. D epartm ent of Labor
Third C lass Mail
Official B usiness
P e n a lty fo r p riv a te us e, $ 3 0 0
Lab-441
@FedFRASER