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a.3:

i pIndustry
it

Wage Survey

Communications
1972
Bulletin 1828
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Bureau of Labor Statistics
1974




Industry
Wage Survey

Communications
1972
Bulletin 1828

U.S. D EP A R TM E N T OF LABOR
Peter J. Brennan, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STA TIS TIC S
Julius Shiskin, Commissioner
1974

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Preface
This summary of data on employment and hourly rates of pay is based on annual
reports filed with the Federal Communications Commission by telephone carriers, the
Western Union Co., and international telegraph carriers, as required by the amended
Communications Act of 1934. Under a cooperative arrangement, the Bureau of Labor
Statistics tabulates and publishes the data as part of a continuing series.
The study was conducted in the Bureau’s Office of Wages and Industrial Relations.
Philip M. Doyle of the Division of Occupational Wage Structures prepared the analysis in
this bulletin.
Other reports available from the Bureau’s program of industry wage studies, as
well as the addresses of the Bureau’s regional offices, are listed at the end of this bulletin.




in

C ontents
Page
Summary .............................................................................................................................
Telephone carriers................................................................................................................
Employment and pay rates in December 1972 .....................................................
Trends in wages and employment ...........................................................................
Western Union Company ...................................................................................................
International telegraph carriers..........................................................................................

1
1
1
2
4
5

Tables:
Percent distribution of employees in occupational groups by average
hourly rates, December 1972, for—
1. Telephone carriers ......................................................................................
2. Bell System telephone c a rrie rs..................................................................
3. Non-Bell telephone carriers ......................................................................

6
7
8

Average hourly rates of employees in selected occupations by region,
December 1972, for—
4. All and Bell System telephone carriers.....................................................

9

Percent distribution of employees in occupational groups by average
hourly rates, October 1972, for—
5. Western Union Company . . . . ..................................................................
6. International telegraph carriers..................................................................

10
11

Chart:
Employment and average hourly rates of communications workers
except officials and managerial assistants, October 1947-December 1972 . . .

2

Appendix: Scope and method of survey ........................................................................

12




C om m unications, 1972
Summary

Wage rates of the Nation’s principal communications
carriers averaged $4.89 an hour in October-December
1972— 9 percent higher than a year earlier.1 The
increase, which was the second largest recorded since
the Bureau of Labor Statistics began its annual wage
study in 1947, followed increases of 15 percent in 1971
and 7 percent in 1970.2 Employment, on the other
hand, decreased for the first time since 1962 and
totaled 862,729 or 858 fewer workers than in 1971.3
(See chart.)
In December 1972, telephone carrier employees, 98
percent of the workers studied, averaged $4.89 an hour,
9 percent more than the level recorded 1 year earlier.4
In October 1972, Western Union’s nonmessenger em­
ployees averaged $4.90 an hour, an increase of about
14 percent over the preceding October. During the
same period, average hourly rates in the five international
carriers studied increased 10 percent to $5.75 an hour.
Employment in the telephone segment of the industry
grew by 2,768 workers in 1972— less than one-half of
1 percent. In the nonvocal telegraph segment, however,
employment declined sharply, dropping 17 percent at
Western Union, the Nation’s only domestic carrier,
and 6 percent among the international carriers.

traffic, and commercial departments in the New York
City area and three other agreements for those depart­
ments in the rest of the State.
The industry employs workers in a wide variety
of jobs, ranging from custodial to professional and
executive, a number of which are staffed predominantly
by one sex. Women made up 52 percent of the work
force and accounted for virtually all of the telephone
operators, nine-tenths of the clerical workers, and
almost three-fourths of the business office and sales
employees. Men, on the other hand, accounted for
nearly all of the construction, installation, and main­
tenance workers, and more than seven-tenths of the
professional and semiprofessional staff. Average hourly
rates for numerically important job categories included
$3.37 for experienced switchboard operators, $3.76 for
nonsupervisory clerical employees, $4.78 for PBX and
station installers, and $4.94 for central office repairmen.
Average hourly rates in the nine regions studied
separately ranged from $4.36 in the Southeast to $5.31
in the Middle Atlantic, the largest region in employment.
(See table 4.) The 39,875 employees of the American
Telephone and Telegraph Co. Long Lines and Central
Office were not tabulated by region, but were included
in the U.S. totals; workers at this company averaged
$6.37 an hour.5

Telephone carriers

Employment and pay rates in December 1972.
Telephone carriers surveyed employed 841,176 workers
(excluding officials and managerial assistants), averaging
$4.89 an hour in December 1972. (See table 1.) Wage
rates of individual workers ranged from less than
$1.60 an hour to more than $8. This wide dispersion
results from a number of factors, including the broad
range of skills required by the industry, differences
in pay by carrier and locality, and the extensive use of
rate-ranges for specific occupations.
Wages and working conditions for a large majority
of the workers are determined by collective bargaining
agreements, mostly with the Communications Workers
of America (CWA). Many carriers have separate agree­
ments for individual departments, and, in some cases,
for different areas. The New York Telephone Co., for
example, maintains separate agreements for its plant,




1 See appendix for scope and method of survey including
definitions of employment covered and pay rates. The survey
excluded officials and managerial assistants.
Since 1947, annual studies have been made in cooperation
with the Federal Communications Commission. Information
before 1961 for all carriers included in the annual reports related
to an October payroll period. In 1961, the reference date for
telephone carriers was changed to December.
o
See Industry Wage Survey: Communications, 1971, Bul­
letin 1805 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1974).
3
The study covered about seven-eighths of the 990,800
workers in the Nation’s telephone and telegraph communications
industry at the time of the survey.
4
The study was limited to those carriers (56) that had
annual operating revenues exceeding $1 million, engaged in
interstate oi foreign communications services, using their own
facilities, or through connections with another carrier under
direct or indirect common control. Officials and managerial
assistants of these carriers, numbering approximately 7,7 30,
were not included in tne study.
5 Also included in U.S. totals only were non-Bell carriers in
Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, and Alaska.

Employment and Average Hourly Rates of Communications Workers Except Officials and
Managerial Assistants, October 1947 - December 1972

Thousands of Employees

Average Hourly Rates

2400

$6.00

2200

5.50

2000

5.00

1800

4.50

1600

Average hourly rates

4.00

(right scale)

3.50
3.00
2.50

2.00
Employment

1.50

(le ft scale)

400




1.00
.50
Oct,
1950

Oct.
1953

iOct.m
1956

nmOct. i
1959

Dec.
1962

Dec.
1965

The regional spread in average wages varied by
occupation. For example, central office repairmen were
more closely grouped than experienced switchboard
operators and nonsupervisory clerical employees. (See
text table 1.)

Text table 1. Relative pay levels by occupation and
region (Southeast=100)

Region

Clerical
employees
(nonsuper­
visory)

Experienced
switchboard
operators

Average

Average

hourly

weekly

rates

rates

79

82

Clerical employees, nonsuper­
visory .....................................................
Experienced switchboard
o p e ra to rs .............................. .................

79

83

Central office re p a irm e n .....................

85

85

office
repairmen

PBX and station in s ta lle rs ..................

79

80

Exchange repairmen ............................

88

87

Linemen

86

85

113

114

116

Great L a k e s ..................
New E n g la n d ...............

106
105

116
104
102

C h e sap eake..................

102

98

101

....................

101

103

101

108
107
105
103

N orth C e n t r a l.............

97

103

104

South Central .............

98

106

102

S outheast.......................

100

100

10 0

Bell System averages exceeded those for the overall
industry by 2 to 18 cents an hour in six regions, but
were identical to the industry’s level in three regions.
(See table 4.) The differences were closely tied to the
proportion of workers employed by Bell System carriers
in each region. For example, in three regions where the
averages were identical, virtually all of the workers were
Bell System employees; in the Great Lakes and Chesa­
peake regions, where differentials of 13 and 18 cents
were reported, about seven-eighths were employed
by Bell carriers.
Bell System carriers employed 94 percent of the
workers in the study, and at least 88 percent in each
region. Bell System companies usually served an entire
State or group of States and were generally larger than
other companies. Fourteen of the 25 Bell carriers
employed at least 25,000 workers and the two largest
each employed about 95,000. In contrast, the largest
of the 31 non-Bell companies studied had only 7,400
employees, and 15 had fewer than 500 employees.
Bell System employees had higher average pay rates
than their non-Bell counterparts in almost all of the
occupational groups studied. (See tables 2 and 3.)
In numerically important categories, non-Bell hourly
averages ranged from 79 to 88 percent of the corre­
sponding Bell rates. Similar comparisons of weekly
pay show the differences narrowing for clerical workers
and switchboard operators, because average scheduled
workweeks were longer at non-Bell companies. (See
text table 2.)




Occupational category

Central

P a c ific ............................
Middle A t la n t ic ..........

Mountain

Text table 2. Pay levels of non-Bell carriers relative
to Bell carriers (Bell carriers=100)

.............................................

Trends in wages and employment The average
wage rate in principal telephone carriers increased
9 percent during 1972. This increase, which followed
a record 15-percent gain in 1971, was the second
largest recorded in the 25-year history of the BLS
survey. Since 1947, the average for all telephone
workers (excluding officials and managerial assistants)
has risen 288 percent, from $1.26 an hour to $4.89.
Increases, however, were not uniform among major
occupational groups. (See text table 3.)
Text table 3. Earnings in major job categories,
October 1947 and December 1972
Average hourly
earnings

Item

October December

Percent
increase
19 47-7 2

1947

19 72

fessional ................................... ....
Nonsupervisory clerical

$ 2 .7 2

$ 8 .1 3

199

e m p lo y e e s ......................................

1.1 3

3.7 6

233

.97

3.3 7

247

1.55

5 .2 6

239

Professional and semipro­

Experienced switchboard
operators ......................................
C onstruction, installation,
and maintenance workers

....

Shifts in the occupational composition of the in­
dustry have been responsible for about one-sixth of
the $3.63-an-hour increase in average rates between
1947 and 1972.6 As text table 4 indicates, the number
of higher paid professional and semi professional posi­
tions has doubled but the relative number of lower
paid telephone operators has declined to less than
half since 1947.
6
Weighting occupational averages for 1972 by employ­
ment in 1947 results in an average of $4.27 an hour instead
of $4.89.

Text table 4. Workers in major job categories,
October 1947 and December 1972
(Percent distribution)
Items

T o ta l, all em ployees:1
Num ber ..............................................

October

December

1947

1 9 72

5 5 2 ,7 0 0

8 4 1 ,2 0 0

Percent ................................................
Professional and semiprofessional . .

100

100

5

11

Clerical ....................................................

17

22

Telephone o p e r a to r s ...........................

46

22

Construction, installation, and
23

33

................................................

9

12

N u m b e r .............................................

1 7 9 ,7 0 0

4 0 0 ,5 0 0

33

48

N u m b e r .............................................

3 7 3 ,0 0 0

4 4 0 ,7 0 0

Percent ................................................

67

52

maintenance ........................................
A ll others
Men
P e rc e n t.............................. ..
W omen

1

Excludes officials and managerial assistants. ( E m p loym en t

estimates were rounded to the nearest hundred.)

Regional relationships have changed little over the
years; lowest averages generally have been recorded
in the Southeast or South Central regions, and the
highest in the Pacific or Middle Atlantic States. (See
text table 5.)
Text table 5. Regional pay relatives for selected
periods (National average=100)
October December December December
1951
1971
19 72
1961

Region

102
104
104

100

97

98

Middle A t la n t ic ..........
Great Lakes ...............

106
103

105

C h e s a p e a k e ..................

101

98

100
97

109
99
94

New England . . . . . . .

....................

86

88

90

North Central .............

89
88

92

95

89
94

91

91

91

91

93

92

105

10 6

105

Southeast

South Central

.............

M o u n ta in .......................
P a c if ic ............................

89
107

In December 1972, wage rates of Bell System
employees averaged $4.96 an hour or about a 9-percent
increase for the year compared with $3.85 for non-Bell
wage rates which increased at about the same pace.
Collective bargaining agreements negotiated late in the
summer of 1971 provided much of the Bell System
increase— $7.50 per week for plant craftsmen and $5
per week for other employees as well as cost-of-living
adjustments based on the Bureau’s Consumer Price




Index. An additional adjustment, scheduled for July
1973, was not included in the survey data.7
Between 1951 and 1972, average wage rates of Bell
System employees increased at an average annual rate
of 5.4 percent, compared with 6.0 percent for em­
ployees of other companies. As a result of this difference,
the Bell System averaged about 29 percent more than
non-Bell carriers in 1972, compared with 43 percent
in 1951.8
Telephone carrier employment, increasing by 2,768
workers to a record total of 841,176, grew at a slow
pace during the December 1971-72 period. This growth,
which was less than one-half that reported for 1970-71,
was concentrated among non-Bell carriers; their em­
ployment went up 2,033 workers or about 4 percent.
In December 1972, 52 percent or 552,700 more
workers were employed by telephone carriers than
were recorded by the initial study in October 1947.
During that period, the trend has been generally
upward, except for a decrease of 85,000 workers
between 1957 and 1962. The introduction of new
and improved equipment, resulting in a sharp reduction
in the number of telephone operators, was largely
responsible for that decline.
Substantial increases in the number of women classi­
fied as construction, installation, and maintenance em­
ployees and the number of men working as telephone
operators were noted in the 1972 study. The number
of women in construction, installation, and maintenance
jobs increased from 3,207 to 6,076 or 89 percent
between December 1971 and December 1972. The
number of male telephone operators rose from 664 to
2,487 or 275 percent during the same period. The
increases, however, had relatively little effect on the
preponderance of either men or women traditionally
employed in these occupational groups.
Growth in telephone carrier employment between
October 1947 and December 1972 also has resulted
from changes in the occupational makeup of the
industry as noted in the discussion on wage trends and
in the relative increase of men employed. In the 1972
survey, 48 percent of all workers were men, compared
with 33 percent in 1947. (See text table 4.) The

For more information on the 1971 union settlements in
the Bell System, see the Bureau’s Current Wage Developments,
September 1971, No. 284, and later issues.
8
Data for Bell System and non-Bell companies as reported
to Federal Communications Commission in earlier years are not
comparable with those reported since 1951. (For more informa­
tion on employment and earnings trends in Bell System
carriers from 1945 to 1965, see “Employment and Wage
Trends in Bell System Companies,” Monthly Labor Review,
March 1967, pp. 38-41.)

declining proportion of employees classified as telephone
operators— from 46 percent in 1947 to 22 percent in
1972— was one of the most notable changes in the
industry’s occupational composition during this 25year period.
Western Union Co.
Straight-time rates of pay for the 15,937 non­
messenger employees of the Western Union Co. averaged
$4.90 an hour in October 1972. (Excluded were 345
officials and managerial assistants.) The 729 motor
messengers averaged $3.34; the 226 foot and bicycle
messengers, $2.16. (See table 5.) Between October 1971
and October 1972 average rates of pay rose 14 percent
for nonmessenger employees, 13 percent for foot and
bicycle messengers, and 10 percent for motor messengers.
These increases resulted largely from deferred wage
adjustments granted under collective bargaining agree­
ments negotiated in July 1971.
Wage rates for Western Union employees are deter­
mined by collective bargaining agreements with the
United Telegraph Workers (UTW) in all cities except
New York, where agreements are with the Communi­
cation Workers of America (CWA).
All workers, except walking and bicycle messengers in
the CWA bargaining unit, received a 9 percent increase
based on their rates of pay in effect May 31, 1971.
In the UTW bargaining unit, the increase was effective
July 28, 1972; in the CWA bargaining unit, September
10,1972.
Established wage-rate ranges are provided for all
job classifications covered by UTW and CWA agree­
ments. After specified periods of service, advancements
are automatic for employees meeting requirements on
the job. Differences between starting and maximum
rates for some occupations amounted to 75 cents or
more. In UTW contracts, rate ranges for most job
classifications varied by locality, according to the
amount of business in each offfi'' Nationwide contract
rates, however, applied to walkinfor ;d bicycle messengers.
Men made up three-fifths of Western Union’s non­
messenger employees in October 1972 and were over­
whelmingly predominant among professional and semiprofessional employees; sales personnel; construction,
installation, and maintenance workers; and building
service employees. Office clerical and telegraph operator
positions were stalled mostly by women.
Construction, installation, and maintenance employ­
ees, approximately one-third of the nonmessenger work
force, averaged $5.49 an hour. Average hourly rates of
pay for other numerically important occupational cate­
gories staffed largely by men were: $7.38 for professional
and semiprofessional employees, $6.30 for sales em­




ployees, and $3.48 for building service employees. Among
jobs held largely by women, telephone operators, who
receive and transmit telegraph messages by telephone,
averaged $3.48 an hour; experienced non-Morse tele­
graph operators, $3.72; and nonsupervisory clerical
workers, $4.12.
In many of the nonmessenger jobs, the hourly rates
of the highest paid workers exceeded those of the lowest
paid by $2 or more. In some jobs, however, individual
rates were closely grouped. For example, virtually all
operators in training were paid between $2.50 and $2.75
an hour and four-fifths of the Morse operators earned
between $3.75 and $4 an hour. All 226 foot and bicycle
messengers averaged between $2 and $2.25 an hour and
slightly more than four-fifths of the motor messengers
had average earnings between $3 and $3.50 an hour.
The 14-percent increase in average rates of pay for
nonmessenger employees between October 1971 and
October 1972 compares with 11 percent recorded the
previous year. This annual gain for these workers was
the largest since 1947-48, when a 21-percent increase
was recorded. The average rate of $4.90 an hour in
October 1972 was 367 percent higher than the $1.05
recorded in the first survey in 1947. Changes in
occupational composition of the company’s work force
affected the increase in average rates of pay for non­
messenger employees over both the 1971-72 and 1947-72
periods. Of the $3.85 increase in average hourly pay of
nonmessenger employees between 1947 and 1972, 65
cents is traceable to changes in the occupational
composition of the work force. Shifts in employment
between 1971 and 1972 accounted for 9 of the 59-cent
rise in average rates of pay during that period.9
Percent increases in average pay rates between 1971
and 1972 were not uniform among occupational cate­
gories studied: 3 percent for professional and semiprofessional employees, 10 percent for sales personnel,
12 percent for telegraph office superintendents and
managers and telegraph operators, 13 percent for
construction, installation, and maintenance workers, and
15 percent for clerical employees. Average rates in­
creased 13 percent for walking and bicycle messengers
and 10 percent for motor messengers. Changes in
average rates reflect not only general wage changes but
also differences in the distribution of workers over
rate ranges that apply to most occupations. During
labor force reductions, for example, average rates may
be affected by a disproportionate number of workers
9

Weighting occupational averages for 1972 by occupational
employment in 1947 results in an average o f $4.25 an hour
instead of $4.90. The same method using 1971 occupational
counts resulted in an average o f $4.81 an hour.

who have long term seniority and receive the maximum
rate for a given job being retained by the company.
Total employment exclusive of officials and mana­
gerial assistants decreased by 3,342 workers or 17
percent between October 1971 and October 1972.
This decrease, which followed a 15-percent decline in
the 1970-71 period, affected most occupational cate­
gories. Telegraph office superintendents and managers
dropped 41 percent; messengers, 35 percent; clerical
and building service workers, approximately 25 percent
each; professional and semiprofessional employees, 5
percent; and construction, installation, and maintenance
workers, 5 percent. Sales employment, however, increased
by 21 percent. Such year-to-year changes have brought
about dramatic shifts in the occupational composition
of the work force during the 25-year period covered by
these surveys. (See text table 6.)

Text table 6. Composition of Western Union's work
force, selected periods, October 1947-72
(Percent distribution)
Occupational group

1947

19 52

19 62

19 72

managerial assistants
N u m b e r ..................

5 3 ,1 0 7

3 9 ,5 1 8

2 9 ,7 0 4

1 6 ,8 9 2

Percent ....................

10 0

100

100

100

2

3

4

7

8

10

9

6

ployees ...............
Telegraph

19

18

22

23

o p e r a to rs .............
C onstruction, in­

34

32

25

21

13

13

21

33

3

3

5

4

and b ic y c le ..........

18

19

11

1

Others ....................

3

3

4

5

T o ta l, all employees,
except officials and

Professional and
semiprofessional .
Telegraph office
superintendents
and managers . . .
Clerical em ­

stallation, and

International Telegraph Carriers

The 4,661 employees of the five international tele­
graph carriers averaged $5.75 an hour in October
1972— 10 percent higher than 1 year earlier.10 (See
table 6.) Pay rates for the 4,436 nonmessenger employees
rose 12 percent to $5.98 and the average for the 225
messengers (nearly all walking and bicycle) increased
10 percent to $2.31. Although the average pay increases
were in line with those recorded in 1970 and 1971,
employment declined 6 percent to the lowest level
since the BLS study began in 1947.
Men, slightly more than four-fifths of all workers,
made up a majority of the employment in nearly all
occupational categories. Most of the women were
employed as teletype-multiplex operators and nonsupervisory clerical workers, jobs which averaged $5.05 and
$4.63 an hour, respectively. Mechanics and maintenance
technicians, a major classification for men, averaged
$5.67.




maintenance
e m p lo y e e s ..........
Messengers,
m o to r ....................
Messengers, fo o t

Included in the study are carriers engaged in nonvocal
international telegraph communication either by radio
or ocean cable. Although many occupational categories
studied are common to both operations, some belong
exclusively to one carrier group. For example, radio
operators and radiotelegraph riggers were reported
only by radiotelegraph carriers; cable operators, on the
hand, were employed only in ocean cable operations.
10
The study excluded 105 officials and assistants and
approximately 1,700 employees working outside the United
States. The study covered international telegraph carriers whose
annual operating revenues are over $5 0,000.

N u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s

Average
s c h e d - A verage
hourly
uled
Under
w eekly
r a t e s 12
$ 1 . 80
hours

O c cupational group
T otal

All e m p l o y e e s e x c e p t o ff ic ia ls and
m a n a g e r i a l a s s i s t a n t s ---------------------------------------P a r t t i m e ----------------------------------------------------------F u l l t i m e -----------------------------------------------------------P ro fe s sio n a l and s e m ip ro fe s s io n a l em ployees
D r a f t s m e n ---------------------------------------------------------O t h e r s ----------------------------------------------------------------B u s i n e s s o f f i c e a n d s a l e s e m p l o y e e s --------------S u p e r v i s o r s -------------------------------------------------------N o n s u p e r v i s o r y e m p l o y e e s --------------------------C l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s ----------------------------------------------S u p e r v i s o r y -------------------------------------------------------N o n s u p e r v i s o r y e m p l o y e e s ---------------------------C o m m e r c i a l d e p a r t m e n t --------------------------T r a f f i c d e p a r t m e n t ------------------------------------P l a n t d e p a r t m e n t ---------------------------------------A c c o u n t i n g d e p a r t m e n t -----------------------------A l l o t h e r d e p a r t m e n t s ------------------------------T e l e p h o n e o p e r a t o r s --------------------------------------------C h i e f o p e r a t o r s -----------------------------------------------S e r v i c e a s s i s t a n t s a n d i n s t r u c t o r s ------------E x p e r i e n c e d s w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s -----------O p e r a t o r s in t r a i n i n g -------------------------------------O t h e r s w i t c h b o a r d e m p l o y e e s ----------------------C o n s tru c tio n in sta lla tio n , and m ain ten a n ce
e m p l o y e e s -------------------------------------------------------------F o r e m e n of t e l e p h o n e c r a f t s m e n -----------------C e n t r a l o f f i c e c r a f t s m e n ------------------------------T e s t - b o a r d m e n a n d r e p e a t e r m e n --------C e n t r a l o f f i c e r e p a i r m e n -----------------------O t h e r s -----------------------------------------------------------In stallatio n and exchange re p a ir c ra fts m e n
P B X a n d s t a t i o n i n s t a l l e r s ----------------------E x c h a n g e r e p a i r m e n --------------------------------O t h e r s -----------------------------------------------------------L i n e , c a b l e , a n d c o n d u i t c r a f t s m e n -----------L i n e m e n -------------------------------------------------------C a b l e s p l i c e r s --------------------------------------------C a b l e s p l i c e r s ' h e l p e r s ----------------------------O t h e r s -----------------------------------------------------------L a b o r e r s -----------------------------------------------------------B uilding, s u p p lie s , and m o t o r v e h ic le
e m p l o y e e s -----------------------------------------------------------F o r e m e n -----------------------------------------------------------M e c h a n i c s ---------------------------------------------------------O t h e r b u i l d i n g s e r v i c e e m p l o y e e s --------------O th er supplies and m o to r vehicle
e m p l o y e e s ------------------------------------------------------A l l e m p l o y e e s n o t e l s e w h e r e c l a s s i f i e d -----------

841,
20,
82 1 ,
94,
3,
90,
68,
13,
54,
182,
14,
167,
31,
26,
49,
32,
2 8,
1 87,
10,
12,
142,
19,
2,

176
110

066
322
859
463
347
503
844
142
237
905
630
137
168
228
742
666

514
953
542
593
044

2 80, 835

42, 23 8
95, 733
20, 736
69, 589
5, 4 0 8
97, 597
43,902
25, 619
28, 076
45, 2 4 4
13, 828
28, 301
1, 824
1, 291
23
25,
3,
4,
10,

Men

400,
1,
398,
68,

474
945
52 9
299
947
67, 352
18, 905
6 , 241
12,664
14, 213
3, 186
11, 027
738
267
6 , 04 8
1 , 962
2 , 012
2, 4 8 7
112

77
52 8
1, 725
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41,
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27,
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759
865
348
000

123
22 5
362
757
608
99 7
161
804
279
805
273
23

W omen

440,
18,
422,
26,
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49,
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167,
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156,
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43,
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702
196
506
03 5
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123
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26 2
180
925
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870
120
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868

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6 , 076

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3 8.
3 8.
38.
37.
3 8.
37.
37.
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37.
37.
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3 8.
37.
37.
37.
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3 8.
37.
36.
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'

39.
39.
39.
39.
39.
39.
40 .
40.
40.
40 .
40 .
40.
40.
40 .
39.
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3 8.
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37.

373
5, 385
736
4, 4 6 6
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11

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83
24
22

19
18

457
293
303
497

2 0 , 01 8

2, 925
4, 2 8 9
5, 69 8

5, 431
36 4
14
4, 799

7, 364
2, 4 0 7

7, 106
1, 793

254
61 4

4
9
8

0
1
0
9
1
8

9
1
9
5
2
5
3
4
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8

9
9
9
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39. 5
38. 5

$4.
3.
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3.
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3.
3.
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89
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13
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5.
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26
49
97
24
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34
90
78
11
87
61
20

4.
7.
5.
3.

41
13
00
43

1 C o v e rs te le p h o n e c a r r i e r s which h ave annual operating' r e v e n u e s e x c ee d in g $ 1 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 .
o r t h r o u g h c o n n e c t i o n w i t h t h o s e of a n o t h e r c a r r i e r u n d e r d i r e c t o r i n d i r e c t c o m m o n c o n t r o l ,
2 S e e a p p e n d i x f o r d e f i n i t i o n of h o u r s a n d r a t e s u s e d in t h i s b u l l e t i n ,
3 L e s s than 0 .0 5 p e rc e n t.

NOTE: X indicates




that these

data w e re

no t c o l l e c t e d .

Because

of r o u n d i n g ,

sum s

$ 2 . 00

$ 2 . 25

$ 2 . 50

$ 2 . 75

$ 3 . 00

$ 3 . 25

$ 3 . 50

$ 3 . 75

$ 4 . 00

$ 4 . 25

$ 4 . 50

$ 4 . 75

$ 2 . 25

$ 2 . 50

$ 2 . 75

$ 3 . 00

$ 3 . 25

S3 . 50

$ 3 . 75

$ 4 . 00

$ 4 . 25

$ 4 . 50

$ 4 . 75

over

0. 3

1. 2

2. 9

4. 5

6. 4

8. 6

10. 6

8. 7

6. 1

4. 9

X
X

X

X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X

X

X

3. 3
X
X
1. 5
3. 0
1. 4
3. 7
2. 9
3. 9
2. 7
5. 8
2. 4
1. 2
1. 4
1. 9
4. 1
3. 7
2. 2
6. 5
3. 5
2. 1
. 1
1. 7

42. 6
x
X
88. 9
17. 5
92. 0
3 8. 5
92. 3
25. 3
15. 1
85. 0
9. 2
4, 7
4. 8
14. 4
5. 1
13. 6
7. 7
78. 6
16. 1
2. 8
. 2
2. 9

4.
.
5.
3.
5.
4.
5.
5.
4.
6.
5.
6.
5.
1.
4.
4.

70.
99.
68.
83.
66.
42.
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60.
78.
70.
52.
33.
64.
2.
58.
82.

4
1
7
3
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4

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92.
68.
.

6
8
1
8

and

( 3)
X
X

X
X

_

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_

( 3)

. 2

( 3)

( 3)

. 1
.
. 2
. 2
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.
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5. 4
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2. 0
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6. 4
9. 3
3. 7
5. 9
5. 5
7. 4
11. 4
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11. 8
22. 5
. 5

. 1
. 1
. 1
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. 2
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1. 0

2. 0

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1. 1

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1. 0
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2. 6
6. 3
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7. 7
2. 0

.

. 2
-

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_
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4. 8

6. 1

-

. 2
.
. 4

.
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12. 1

_

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1. 5

2. 3
2. 6

3. 6
2. 8

.
.
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( 3)
( 3)

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( 3)

_

0. 1

These

. 3
3. 8
. 1
. 7
.
. 9
3. 7
_
4. 0
6. 7
1. 5
3. 5
3. 5
4. 5
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39. 7
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( 3)

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66

. 1
1. 9
_
. 6
.
. 8
1. 4
_
1. 5
1. 6
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1. 4
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( 3)

60
82

( 3)
1. 1
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-

. 1
. 4
-

86

4. 17
5. 01

P e r c e n t of e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v i n g —
$ 1 . 80
and
under
$ 2 . 00

-

carriers

of i n d i v i d u a l i t e m s

are

(3)

engaged

m a y not eq u a l

in i n t e r s t a t e

100.

X
X

6

2.
23.
1.
8.
.
10.
19.
.
21.
20.
23.
24.
19.
17.
17.
1.
16.
2 0.
1.
2 3.

1. 3
. 6
1. 3
3. 1
2. 4
3. 4
1. 2
1. 8
4. 5
9. 1
1. 2
20. 5
4. 6
4. 3

2. 3
_
2. 2
. 9
2. 1
9. 3
2. 4
3. 1
1. 0
2. 7
4. 4
7. 7
2. 2
13. 5
3. 3
4. 3

3.
,
4.
1.
3.
17.
3.
4.
1.
3.
3.
8.
3.
17.
6.
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10. 0
. 1
1. 0

9. 8
. 3

9. 5
. 7

2. 2

19. 5

17. 5

2. 8
15. 1

6. 1

7. 6
5. 9

9. 5
7. 9

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10. 9

.
3.
.
4.
9.
.
9.
13.
6.
9.
10.
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13.
.
2.
16.
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4
6

3
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6

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4
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5. 0

or foreign

.
11.
.
6.
.
7.
11.
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12.
13.
12.
14.
9.
9.
20.
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4.
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9
5
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4
3
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8
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2

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8
2

9
6

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1

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8

7
7
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5
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6

1
4
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3

com m unication

1. 6
12. 6
1. 1
13. 2

.
16.
15.
1.
16.
15.
25.
12.
18.
14.
9.
2.
27.
9.
.
41.
5.
.
5.
2.
6.
6.
5.
7.
3.
3.
8.
9.
6.
19.
8.

5
3
5
3
7
6

9
5
8
6

4
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1
2
6
1
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7
4
3
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8
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2
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4

-

9.
1.
5.
13.

1. 3
6.
1.
12.
1.

2
1
6
1

15.
10.
2.
10.
9.
12.
7.
16.
11.
3.
3.
16.
2.
.
12.

4
3
5
9

5.
.
5.
2.
6.
9.
5.
6.
3.
4.
7.
9.
7.
8.
4.

0

6

3
6
2
0

5
9
7
6

4
0

1
6

9
2

4
2
4
9
7
8

0
4
2
8

-

8
1

6. 7

X
1. 3
4. 1
1. 2
10. 8
2. 5
12. 9
5. 1
4. 4
5. 2
4. 0
6. 4
4. 4
6. 0
5. 9
2. 7
5. 5
11. 3
2. 0
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9.. 7
5.
.
6.
4.
7.
3.
6.
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4.
5.
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8.
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6
2

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3
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1
2

1. 7
5, 6
5. 6

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11. 6
6. 8

11.4
7. 0

14. 5
6. 1

s e r v ic e using th e ir

5.
1.
8.
.

6

3
3
8

9
4
2
0
5
3
7
2
8
0

0
3
5
7
2
6

12. 6

7. 2

1

5
7
4
2

4
3
1

9
6

20. 0
47. 4

ow n f a c i l i t i e s

N u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s

A verage
sche dule d
w eekly
hours

O ccupational group

A l l e m p l o y e e s e x c e p t o f f i c i a l s a n d m a n a g e r i a l a s s i s t a n t s -----........................
F u l l t i m e ........ ........................... .......................
P r o f e s s i o n a l and s e m i p r o f e s s io n a l e m p l o y e e s
"

B u s i n e s s o f f i c e a n d s a l e s e m p l o y e e s ----------------------------------S u p e r v i s o r s ---------------------------------------------

"

C l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s ----------------------------------------------------- '
S u p e r v i s o r s -------------------------------------------------------------N o n s u p e r v i s o r y e m p l o y e e s ----------------------------------- "
C o m m e r c i a l d e p a r t m e n t -------------------------------------------------T r a f f i c d e p a r t m e n t -----------------------------------------------P l a n t d e p a r t m e n t ---------------------------------------------------------------A c c o u n t i n g d e p a r t m e n t ------------------------------------------ ~
A l l o t h e r d e p a r t m e n t s -----------------------------------------------------T e l e p h o n e o p e r a t o r s ---------------------------------------------------------------C h i e f o p e r a t o r s -----------------------------S e r v i c e a s s i s t a n t s a n d i n s t r u c t o r s -----------------------------------E x p e r i e n c e d s w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ----------------------------------O p e r a t o r s in t r a i n i n g -------------------------------------------------------- ~
O t h e r s w i t c h b o a r d e m p l o y e e s .............................. ..............................
C o n s t r u c t i o n , i n s t a l l a t i o n a n d m a i n t e n a n c e e m p l o y e e s -----F o r e m e n of t e l e p h o n e c r a f t s m e n ---------------------------------------C e n t r a l o f f i c e c r a f t s m e n -------------------------------------------------------T e s t - b o a r d m e n a n d r e p e a t e r m e n -------------------------------C e n t r a l o f f i c e r e p a i r m e n ------------------------------------------------O t h e r s ----------------------------------------------------------------------I n s t a l l a t i o n a n d e x c h a n g e r e p a i r c r a f t s m e n .............................
P B X a n d s t a t i o n i n s t a l l e r s ---------------------------------------------E x c h a n g e r e p a i r m e n ------- ---------------- --------- ----------------O t h e r s ---------------------------------------------------------------L i n e , c a b l e , a n d c o n d u i t c r a f t s m e n ----------------------------------L i n e m e n -------------------------------------------------------------C a b l e s p l i c e r s ............................ ..................... ....................................
C a b l e s p l i c e r s ' h e l p e r s --------------------------------------------------O t h e r s ----------------------------------------------------------------- " ~
B uilding, su p p lie s , and m o t o r v e h ic le e m p l o y e e s
F o r e m e n .......... ............ ......................................
.......................
M e c h a n i c s -------------------------------------------------------O t h e r b u i l d i n g s e r v i c e e m p l o y e e s .....................
O t h e r s u p p l i e s a n d m o t o r v e h i c l e e m p l o y e e s ------------........................
A ll em p lo y ee s not e ls e w h e re c la s s ifie d

791, 104
18, 378
89, 283
3, 402
85, 881
65, 613
13,051
52, 562
173, 178
13, 795
159, 383
30, 057
25, 243
46, 476
30, 705
26, 902
176, 107
9, 909
1 2 ,3 6 1
132,555
19, 293
1, 989
2 6 1 , 090
39, 884
89, 764
65^ 996
3, 691
89, 953
40, 211
24, 067
25, 675
41, 4 8 9
12,030
26, 542
1, 707
1,210

23,
3,
4,
9,
6,
2,

631
150
122
661
698
202

'

373,635
1, 701
371, 9 3 4
64, 095
5 84
63, 511
18, 3 64
6, 022
12, 342
13, 33 3
2, 98 7
10, 3 46
6 85
222

5,
1,
1,
2,

898
837
70 4
274
90
74
393
1, 715
2

255, 4 3 0
39, 543
84, 711
19, 4 0 6
61, 64 0
3, 66 5
89, 756
40, 0 7 8
24, 063
25, 61 5
41, 4 2 0
12,014
26, 52 4
l!
3 8,
2,
4,
5,
6,
1,

1 C o v e rs B ell S y s te m tele p h o n e c a r r i e r s which have annual o p erating
f a c i l i t i e s o r t h r o u g h c o n n e c t i o n w i t h t h o s e of a n o t h e r c a r r i e r u n d e r d i r e c t
2 S e e a p p e n d i x f o r d e f i n i t i o n of h o u r s a n d r a t e s u s e d i n t h i s b u l l e t i n .
3 L e s s t h a n 0. 05 p e r c e n t .




W om en

M en

T otal

192
518
792
117
09 0
51 9
621

41 7 , 4 6 9
16, 70 8
4 0 0 , 761
25, 2 0 0
2 , 818
22, 382
47, 2 4 9
7, 029
40, 2 20
159, 841
1 0 , 808
149, 033
29, 372
25, 021
40, 5 7 8
28, 8 6 8
25, 194
173, 833
9, 819
12, 2 87
132,162
17, 57 8
1, 987
5, 660
341
5, 053
671
4, 356
26
197
133
60
69
16

18
17
18
5, 105
354
5
4, 571
175
581

38. 4
22. 6

38.
37.
37.
37.
37.
38.
37.
37.
3 8.
37.
37.
38.
3 8.
37.
37.
3 7.
38.
3 8.
37.
36.
3 8.
39.
39.
39.
39.
39.
39.
40.
40.
40.
40.
40 .
40.
40.
40.
39.
3 8.
39.
39.
36.
39.
3 8.

7
9
9
9
8

1
8
8

1
8

5
1
4
2
3
1
3
0
0
3
4
9
8

9
9
9
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
4
4
6

9
5
5

P e r c e n t of e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v i n g —
Ave ra g e
hourly
r a t e s 12

$4 .
3.
4.
8.
3.
8.
5.
7.
4.
3.
6.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
5.
4.
3.
2.
3.
5.
7.
5.
5.
4.
4.
4.
4.
5.
■4.
4.
4.
4.
3.
4.
4.
7.
5.
3.
4.
5.

re v en u es ex ceeding $ 1 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 .
or in d irec t co m m o n control.

96
37
98
27
90
45
25
48
69
98
08
80
61
81
85
80
92
56
89
24
43
76
90
33
59
02
27
98
40
95
87
15
90
67
28
90
63
96
48
22
03
48
20
09

These

Under
$ 2 . 25

$ 2 . 25
and
under
$ 2 . 50

$ 2 . 50

$ 2 . 75

$ 3 . 00

$ 3 . 25

$ 3 . 50

$ 3 . 75

$ 4 . 00

$ 4. 2 5

$4. 75

$4. 75

$ 2 . 75

$3. 00

$ 3 . 25

$ 3 . 50

$ 3 . 75

$4 . 00

$ 4 . 25

$ 4 . 50

$4. 75

ov e r

10. 9

9. 0

6. 2

5. 0

3. 2

X

X

X

X

X

x

and

( 3)

0. 7

2. 5

4. 3

6. 2

8. 7

*

*

*

x

x

x

3
2

. 7
10. 8

1

. 8
11.6
.4
5. 8

2.
25.
1.
8.

7.
11.
.
11.
13.
12.
13.
9.
9.

10.
2 0.
.
22.

7
4
3

24.
25.
2 *0 .
17.
1 7.
.
17.
21.
1.
23.
3.

2
5

1

2

1. 3
1

3 6
, 1
.4

.
5.
,
1.

3

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3. 1

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s e r v i c e u s i n g t h e i r ow n

N u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s
O c cupational group
T o ta l

All e m p l o y e e s e x c e p t o f f i c i a l s a n d m a n a g e r i a l
a s s i s t a n t s -------—---------------------------------------------------P a r t - t i m e — - — ------------------------------------------F u l l - t i m e -------- -----------------------------------------------P r o f e s s i o n a l a n d s e m i p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p l o y e e s ---D r a f t s m e n ---------------------------------------------------------O t h e r s ----------------------------------------------------------------B u s i n e s s offi ce a nd s a l e s e m p l o y e e s ------------------S u p e r v i s o r s ------------- ------------- — ------------------N o n s u p e r v i s o r y e m p l o y e e s -------------------------------C l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s ---------------------------------------------S u p e r v i s o r s ------------------------------------------------------N o n s u p e r v i s o r y e m p l o y e e s -----------------------------C om m ercial departm ent
--------- -----------------T r a f f i c d e p a r t m e n t -----—- ----------- ------------—
P l a n t d e p a r t m e n t ------- ------------------------------ A c c o u n t in g d e p a r t m e n t — --------------- ------------Al l o t h e r d e p a r t m e n t s ---------------------------------T e l e p h o n e o p e r a t o r s -------— ----------- ---- ---------- ------C h i e f o p e r a t o r s ----------------—-— -----------------------S e r v i c e a s s i s t a n t s a nd i n s t r u c t o r s -------— -— —
E x p e r i e n c e d s w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ---------------O p e r a t o r s in t r a i n i n g -------------— —------— -------O t h e r s w i t c h b o a r d e m p l o y e e s — -------- -------------C o n s t r u c t i o n , i n s t a l l a t i o n , a nd m a i n t e n a n c e
e m p l o y e e s ---- --------------— .— ------- — -------- ---- — — —
F o r e m e n of t e l e p h o n e c r a f t s m e n -------- “ ----------C e n t r a l offi ce c r a f t s m e n —
— ------— -— ------T e s t - b o a r d m e n a n d r e p e a t e r m e n ------------—
C e n t r a l o ffi c e r e p a i r m e n ------*---------------------O t h e r s -------- --------------------------------— — -------- —
I n s t a l l a t i o n a n d e x c h a n g e r e p a i r c r a f t s m e n ----P B X an d s t a t i o n i n s t a l l e r s -------------- -----------E x c h a n g e r e p a i r m e n -------- -----— — ——— — —
O t h e r s ---- -----—------- *-------------------------------------Li ne , c a bl e , a n d c o n d u it c r a f t s m e n —— -----------L i n e m e n -------- —------------ — — ———-------— —— C a b l e s p l i c e r -----------------------------------------------C a b l e s p l i c e r s ' h e l p e r s ------- ------------- -— -— O t h e r s -----------------------------------------------------------L a b o r e r s *-------- ------- — —
------------ -------— ------B ui ld i n g s u p p l i e s a n d m o t o r v e h i c l e e m p l o y e e s —
F o r e m e n ------- — -------- -— ----------------- — — —— —
M e c h a n i c s ---------------------— -------- — — ------—--------O t h e r b u i ld i n g s e r v i c e e m p l o y e e s — -— -— —— O t h e r s u p p l i e s an d m o t o r v e h i c l e e m p l o y e e s —
All e m p l o y e e s not e l s e w h e r e c l a s s i f i e d --------- -----

Men

Women

Average
s c h ed ­ Average
hourlyu l ed
Under
weekly
rates*
$1. 80
hours

072
732
340
039
457
5 82
734
452
2 82
964
442
522
573
894
692
523
840
559
605
612
987
300
55

26, 839
244
26, 595
4, 204
363
3, 841
541
219
322
880
199
681
53
45
150
125
308
213
22
3
135
10
43

23, 233
1, 488
21, 745
835
94
741
2, 193
233
1, 960
8, 084
243
7, 841
1, 520
849
2, 542
1, 398
1, 532
11, 346
583
609
9, 852
290
12

39.
25.
40.
39.
39.
40.
40.
40.
40.
39.
39.
39.
37.
39.
39.
39.
39.
38.
40.
37.
38.
38.
40.

5
6
0
9
3
0
0
1
0
3
9
3
5
8
8
7
5
6
1
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6
5
0

$3.
2.
3.
5.
4.
5.
3.
5.
3.
3.
4.
3.
2.
3.
2.
2.
3.
2.
4.
3.
2.
2.
3.

85
59
88
68
43
81
59
24
26
08
78
00
88
09
94
96
15
86
30
62
72
85
96

.
X
X
-

19, 745
2, 354
5, 969
659
3, 593
1, 717
7, 644
3, 691
1, 552
2, 401
3, 755
1, 798
1, 759
117
81
23
1, 826
143
181
836
666
205

19, 329
2, 322
5, 637
594
3, 483
1, 560
7, 606
3, 679
1, 545
2, 382
3, 741
1, 790
1, 755
115
81
23
1, 500
133
172
608
587
172

416
32
332
65
110
157
38
12
7
19
14
8
4
2
.
.
326
10
9
228
79
33

40.
40.
39.
39.
39.
39.
40.
40,
39.
40.
40.
39.
40.
40.
40.
40.
39.
39.
39.
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38.

0
1
8
9
9
6
0
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5
3
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4
8
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4.
4.
4.
3.
4.
4.
3.
3.
4.
3.
2.
4.
3.
5.
4.
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3.
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35
73
23
38
21
21
23
87
55
59
90
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25
06
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P e r c e n t of e m p l o y e e s rec ei vin g$1. 80
and
under
$2. 00

$2. 00

$2 . 25

$2 . 50

$2. 75

$3. 00

$3. 25

$3. 50

$3. 75

$4. 00

$4. 25

$4. 50

$4. 75

$2. 25

$2. 50

$2 . 75

$3. 00

$3. 25

$3. 50

$3. 75

$4. 00

$4. 25

$4. 50

$4. 75

over

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4. 6
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22. 3
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X
3. 2
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16. 8
7. 3
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14. 6
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13. 7
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5. 5

7. 9
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X
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4. 9
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19. 8
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21. 3
15. 7
12. 8
6. 7
9. 8
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1. 0
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5. 3
X
X
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7. 0
4. 9
7. 4
6. 9
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6. 8
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9. 5
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9. 2
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12. 7
6. 0
4. 9
7. 3
12. 7

4. 8
X
X
2. 8
6. 8
2. 4
7. 5
5. 8
7. 8
4. 2
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3. 9
2. 5
2. 9
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9. 1
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9. 4
36. 8
.
.
9. 1

4. 2
X
X
2. 9
3. 7
2. 8
3. 4
6. 2
2. 8
2. 3
8. 1
2. 0
1. 5
1. 7
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2. 4
4. 0
1. 0
10. 2
5. 4

3. 7
X
X
4. 2
9. 4
3. 6
1. 4
3. 1
1. 1
1. 2
5. 4
1. 0
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1. 2
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1. 7
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10. 7
1. 6

5. 0
9. 1

5. 7
16. 4

4. 9
X
X
4. 6
3. 5
4. 8
3. 0
8. 8
1. 8
1. 1
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1.4
1. 5
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10. 7
1. 5
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5. 0
5. 5

2 8. 9
X
X
72. 5
27. 4
76. 8
16. 2
57. 0
8. 2
5. 8
45. 7
3. 6
. 6
3. 7
3. 0
1. 4
4. 5
5. 1
33. 1
5. 9
3. 2
6. 3
21. 8

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16. 0
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9. 7
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1. 2
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3. 3
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3. 8
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6. 5
7. 7
3. 1
20. 5
33. 3
.
8. 5
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5. 8
11. 0
7. 7
9. 3

4. 6
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17. 9
30. 9
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5. 3
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1. 7
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27. 4
4. 9
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7. 0
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6. 8

5.
.
4.
1.
4.
5.
6.
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4.
3.
7.
8.
6.
11.
4.
4.
7.
3.
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4.
11.
5.

4. 9
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4. 2
2. 7
4. 8
3. 6
5. 6
7. 6
1. 9
4. 9
6. 6
9. 1
4. 7
1. 7
.
4. 3
6. 5
3. 5
3. 5
5. 2
10. 2
4. 9

6. 7
2. 4
7. 6
5. 8
8. 4
6. 7
7. 7
9.4
7. 3
5. 2
6. 1
6. 1
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6. 8
1. 2
.
4. 5
2. 8
3. 5
. 7
10. 1
2. 0

7. 3
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7. 7
6. 8
8.2
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6. 7
7. 3
6. 3
8. 9
2. 6
.
.
7, 0
7. 0
12. 1
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13. 5
4. 9

6. 7
2. 6
8. 8
9. 1
10. 8
3. 7
6. 9
7. 9
7. 6
5. 0
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.
_
3. 7
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4. 6
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6. 0
3. 9

9.
4.
7.
8.
8.
4.
10.
6.
18.
12.
9.
10.
9.
.
1.
4.
3.
7.
3.
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44. 8
87. 9
44. 0
53. 3
39. 1
52. 0
37. 6
22. 8
43. 3
56. 7
29. 4
17. 7
43. 5
.
2. 5
82. 6
18. 0
68. 5
43. 4
3. 1
16. 1
41. 0

and

3
8
7
7
2
7
4
4
1
4
4
3
2
1
9
3
1
5
8
9
1
9

5
3
2
0
4
3
8
9
2
2
4
6
0
9
2
3
3
7
5
3
2
9

C o v e r s n o n - B e l l t e l e p h o n e c a r r i e r s w h i c h ha ve a n n u a l o p e r a t i n g r e v e n u e s e x c e e d i n g $1, 00 0,0 00 . T h e s e c a r r i e r s a r e e n g a g e d in i n t e r s t a t e o r f o r e i g n c o m m u n i c a t i o n s e r v i c e u s in g t h e i r own f a c i l i t i e s
o r t h r o u g h c o n n e c t i o n wi th t h o s e of a n o t h e r c a r r i e r u n d e r d i r e c t o r i n d i r e c t c o m m o n c o n tr o l .
2 See a p p e n d i x f o r d e f i n i t i o n of h o u r s a nd r a t e s u s e d in t h i s b u l l e t i n .
N O T E : X i n d i c a t e s t h a t d a ta w e r e not c o l l e c t e d .




B e c a u s e of r o u n d in g ,

s u m s of i n d iv id u a l i t e m s m a y not e q ua l 100.

U n i t e d S t a t e s 1234
O ccupational group

New England

G r e a t Lakes

M iddle A tlan tic

Chesapeake

Southeast

N o r t h »C e n t r a l

South C e n t r a l

M o u n ta i n

P acific

N u m b e r A v e r a g e N um be r A v e ra g e N u m b e r A v e ra g e N u m b e r Average N um ber Average N um ber A verage N um ber Average N um ber Average N um ber Average N u m b e r A v e ra g e
hourly
hourly
of
of
of
hourly
of
of
hourly
hourly
hourly
of
hourly
of
hourly
of
of
hourly
of
hourly
ra te s
ra te s
w orkers
worke rs rate s
w orkers
rate s
w orkers
worke r s rates
w orkers rates
w o rk ers rate s
worke rs rates
w o rk ers rates
w orkers
rate s

All c a r r i e r s
AH e m p l o y e e s e x c e p t
o ff ic ia ls and m a n a g e r i a l
a s s i s t a n t s 4 ---------------------------C a b l e s p l i c e r s -----------------C able s p l ic e r s ' h e l p e r s —
C e n t r a l office r e p a i r ­
m en —
C le rica l (n o n su p e rv i s o r y ) -----------------------------E x c h a n g e r e p a i r m e n ------E xperienced sw itc h ­
b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ------------L i n e m e n ----------------------------M e c h a n ic s, building
and m o to r v eh ic le
s e r v i c e ---------------------------P B X and statio n
i n s t a l l e r s -----------------------T e s t - b o a r d m en and
r e p e a t e r m e n -------------------

841, 176
2 8, 301
1, 824

$4. 89
4. 86
3. 60

62, 152
2, 258
131

$4. 78
4. 69
4. 09

163, 155
6, 337
626

$5.31
4. 97
3. 80

140, 486
4, 391
169

$4. 84
4. 96
3. 69

49, 970
1, 740
118

$4. 61
4. 93
3. 70

117, 178
5, 396
290

$4. 36
4. 79
3. 23

26, 894
1, 063

$4. 59
4. 68

77, 005
1, 806
367

$ 4. 44
4. 50
3. 30

37, 357
1, 026

$4. 49
4. 52

118, 296
3, 529
10

$5. 15
5. 12
4. 57

69, 5 89

4. 94

3, 796

4. 85

14, 058

5. 03

10, 446

4. 96

4, 106

4. 79

8, 263

4. 72

2, 036

4. 93

7, 073

4. 82

2, 517

4. 77

10, 794

5. 09

167, 905
25, 619

3. 76
5. 11

12, 940
985

3. 68
5. 01

32, 854
5, 652

4. 05
5. 20

27, 661
6, 214

3. 72
5. 20

10, 248
931

3. 58
5. 22

20, 693
3, 401

3. 50
4. 69

5, 471
412

3. 41
5. 09

12, 612
3, 015

3. 44
5. 21

7, 794
1, 035

3. 52
4. 93

27, 410
3, 540

3. 94
5. 27

142, 542
13, 828

3. 37
4. 20

9, 943
1, 102

3. 24
4. 66

26, 281
2, 560

3. 69
4. 60

23, 257
2, 1 76

3. 31
4. 39

8, 415
954

3. 10
3. 68

23, 708
2, 695

3. 17
3. 68

4, 654
533

3. 26
4. 00

16, 649
1, 573

3. 35
3. 88

6, 158
709

3. 25
3. 99

19, 188
1, 357

3. 61
4. 75

4, 303

5. 00

444

4. 51

1, 196

5. 27

1, 092

5. 03

2 92

4. 90

248

4. 83

87

4. 65

166

5. 10

105

4. 2 8

555

5. 03

43, 902

4. 78

1, 814

4. 72

9, 161

5. 09

8, 954

4. 93

2, 727

4. 41

6, 423

4. 31

995

4. 94

5, 429

4. 72

1, 865

4. 46

6, 060

5. 03

20, 736

5. 24

1, 795

4. 87

3, 051

5. 47

2, 393

5. 29

763

5. 37

2, 677

5. 07

315

5. 20

1, 106

5. 19

599

5. 15

2, 325

5. 44

114, 850
5, 350
278

4. 39
4. 80
3. 27

26, 850
1, 063

4. 59
4. 68

69, 698
1, 515
297

4. 51
4. 60
3. 48

37, 338
1, 026

4. 49
4. 52

110, 965
3, 308
7

5. 20
5. 13
4. 64

Bell Sy stem c a r r i e r s
All e m p l o y e e s e x c e p t
o ffic ials and m a n a g e r i a l
a s s i s t a n t s 4 ---------------------------C a b l e s p l i c e r s -------------------C a b l e s p l i c e r s ' h e l p e r s --C e n t r a l office r e p a i r C lerical (nonsuperv i s o r y ) --------------------Exchange re p a irm e n
Experienced sw itc h ­
b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ---L i n e m e n --------------------M e c h a n ic s , b uilding
and m o to r v eh ic le
s e r v i c e ------------------P B X and station
in sta lle rs
T e s t - b o a r d m en and
r e p e a t e r m e n ----------

1
2
3
re g io n al
4

791, 104
26, 542
1, 707

4. 96
4. 90
3. 63

62, 114
2, 256
131

4. 78
4. 69
4. 09

161,641
6, 268
626

5. 33
4. 98
3. 80

123, 386
3, 762
137

4. 97
5. 07
3. 74

44, 387
1, 545
118

4. 79
5. 09
3. 70

65, 996

4. 98

3, 792

4. 85

13, 850

5. 04

9, 185

5. 03

3, 453

5. 00

7, 975

4. 75

2, 036

4. 93

6, 791

4. 83

2, 512

4. 77

10, 509

5. 09

1 59, 3 83
24, 067

3. 80
5. 15

12, 926
985

3. 68
5. 01

32, 541
5, 652

4. 06
5. 20

25, 070
5, 574

3. 80
5. 31

9, 221
931

3. 69
5. 22

20, 199
3, 401

3. 52
4. 69

5, 443
412

3. 42
5. 09

11, 482
3, 003

3. 50
5. 21

7, 786
1, 035

3. 52
4. 93

25, 952
3, 074

3. 97
5. 33

132, 555
12, 030

3. 43
4. 28

9, 943
1, 098

3. 24
4. 66

26, 002
2, 474

3. 71
4. 62

19, 781
1, 524

3. 42
4. 62

7, 187
6 84

3. 24
4. 02

23, 244
2, 621

3. 18
3. 70

4, 654
526

3. 27
4. 01

15, 255
1, 245

3. 42
4. 07

6, 158
704

3. 25
3. 98

17, 630
1, 094

3. 66
4. 80

4, 122

5. 03

444

4. 57

1, 1 82

5. 28

1, 050

5. 07

287

4. 93

248

4. 83

87

4. 65

159

5. 15

105

4. 2 8

500

5. 11

40, 2 1 1

4. 87

1, 814

4. 72

9, 022

5. 10

8, 036

5. 01

1, 930

4. 83

6, 177

4. 33

971

4. 97

4, 599

4. 88

1, 865

4. 46

5, 794

5. 04

20, 077

5. 27

1, 794

4. 87

3, 029

5. 48

2, 140

5. 41

710

5. 47

2, 629

5. 09

315

5. 20

1, 031

5. 22

599

5. 15

2, 215

5. 46

C o v e rs tele p h o n e c a r r i e r s w h ich h a v e annual o p eratin g re v e n u e s exc ee d in g
a p p e n d i x f o r d e f i n i t i o n o f h o u r s a n d r a t e s u s e d in t h i s b u l l e t i n .
I n c l u d e s d a t a f o r e m p l o y e e s i n A l a s k a , H a w a i i , ’ P u e r t o R ic o , an d V i r g i n
t a b u l a t i o n s . ( F o r s c o p e of s u r v e y , s e e a p p e n d i x . )
I n c l u d e s e m p l o y e e s i n o c c u p a t i o n s in a d d i t i o n to t h o s e s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y .

$ 1 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 .

See

Islands;

and lo n g -lin e s

em ployees

of t h e A m e r i c a n

T elephone

and T e le g ra p h

C o m p an y w hich a r e

ex c lu d e d f r o m the

N O T E : F o r p u r p o s e s of t h i s s t u d y t h e r e g i o n s f o r w h i c h s e p a r a t e d a t a a r e p r e s e n t e d i n c l u d e : N e w E n g l a n d —C o n n e c t i c u t , M a i n e , M a s s a c h u s e t t s , N e w H a m p s h i r e , R h o d e I s l a n d , a n d V e r m o n t ;
M i d d l e A t l a n t i c —D e l a w ' a r e .
New J e r s e y ,
N e w Y o r k , a n d P e n n s y l v a n i a ; G r e a t L a k e s —I l l i n o i s , I n d i a n a , M i c h i g a n , O h i o , a n d W i s c o n s i n ; C h e s a p e a k e —D i s t r i c t of C o l u m b i a , M a r y l a n d , V i r g i n i a a n d W e s t
V i r g i n i a ; S o u t h e a s t —A l a b a m a , F l o r i d a , G e o r g i a , K e n t u c k y , L o u i s i a n a , M i s s i s s i p p i , N o r t h C a r o l i n a , S o u th C a r o l i n a a n d T e n n e s s e e ; N o r t h C e n t r a l —Io w a , M i n n e s o t a , N e b r a s k a , N o r t h D a k o t a , a n d S ou th
D a k o t a ; S o u th C e n t r a l —A r k a n s a s ,
Kansas,
M issouri,
O k l a h o m a a n d T e x a s ( e x c e p t El P a s o C o u n t y ) ; M o u n t a i n —A r i z o n a , C o l o r a d o , I d a h o ( s o u t h of t h e S a l m o n R i v e r ) , M o n t a n a , N e v a d a , N e w M e x i c o ,
T e x a s ( E l P a s o C o u n t y ) , U t a h , a n d W y o m i n g ; P a c i f i c —C a l i f o r n i a , I d a h o ( n o r t h of t h e S a l m o n R i v e r ) , O r e g o n a n d W a s h i n g t o n .




T a b le 5 . W e s t e r n U n io n C o m p a n y:

P e rc e n t d is tr ib u tio n o f e m p lo y e e s 1 in o c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p s by a v e ra g e h o u rly r a te s , O c to b e r 19 7 2
N u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s

O c c u p a t i o n a l g ro u p
T otal

Al l e m p l o y e e s e x c e p t o f f i c i a l s , m a n a g e r i a l
a s s i s t a n t s an d m e s s e n g e r s ------------------------------------------------P r o f e s s i o n a l an d s e m i p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p l o y e e s -------------E n g i n e e r s a nd e n g i n e e r i n g a s s i s t a n t s -----------------------O t h e r s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------T e l e g r a p h of fic e s u p e r i n t e n d e n t s and m a n a g e r s -----------S a l e s e m p l o y e e s ---------------------------------------------------------------C l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s ----------------------------------------------------------S u p e r v i s o r s -------------------------------- ---------------------- ----N o n s u p e r v i s o r y e m p l o y e e s -----------------------------------------C o m m e r c i a l d e p a r t m e n t ---------------------------------------T r a f f i c d e p a r t m e n t ---------------------------------------------All o t h e r d e p a r t m e n t s -------------------------------------------R ou te a i d e s -------------------------------------------------------------------T e l e g r a p h o p e r a t o r s --------------------------------------------------------T r a f f i c m a n a g e r s , c h ie f o p e r a t o r s , s u p e r v i s o r s ,
an d i n s t r u c t o r s ---------------------------------------------------------E x p e rie n c e d t e le g ra p h o p e ra t o rs (except
M o r s e o p e r a t o r s ) -----------------------------------------------------C o m m e r c i a l d e p a r t m e n t ---------------------------------------T r a f f i c d e p a r t m e n t ------------------------------------------------O p e r a t o r s in t r a i n i n g -------------------------------------------------O t h e r o p e r a t o r s -----------------------------------------------------------M o r s e o p e r a t o r s ---------------------------------------------------T e l e p h o n e o p e r a t o r s ----------------------------------------------C o n s t r u c t i o n , i n s t a l l a t i o n , an d m a i n t e n a n c e
e m p l o y e e s -----------------------------------------------------------------------T r a f f i c t e s t i n g an d r e g u l a t i n g e m p l o y e e s -----------------C o n s t r u c t i o n , i n s t a l l a t i o n , an d m a i n t e n a n c e
e m p l o y e e s -----------------------------------------------------------------F o r e m e n -----------------------------------------------------------------S u b s c r i b e r s ' e q u i p m e n t m a i n t a i n e r s -------------------L i n e m e n and c a b l e m e n ------------------------------------------O t h e r s ----------------------------------------------------------------------L a b o r e r s ----------------------------------------------------------------------B ui ld i n g s e r v i c e e m p l o y e e s --------------------------------------------M e c h a n i c s -------------------------------------------------------------------O t h e r s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------M e s s e n g e r s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------—
F u l l - t i m e e m p l o y e e s -------------------------------------------------------------P a r t - t i m e e m p l o y e e s ------------------------------------------------------------F o o t an d b i c y c l e m e s s e n g e r s ---------- ---------------------------------M o t o r m e s s e n g e r s -----------------------------------------------------------------

15, 937
1, 104
285
819
1, 042
508
3, 908
85 7
3, 022
1, 477
188
1, 357
29
3, 552

Me n

9, 678
897
2 80
617
665
491
1, 268
506
751
307
40
404
11
743

Women

6, 259
207
5
202
377
17
2, 640
351
2,271
1, 170
148
953
18
2, 809

Average
schedul ed
weekly
hours

39.
37.
3 8.
37.
39.
36.
37.
37.
37.
38.
40.
36.
40.
39.

1
8
9
4
9
7
7
8
6
0
0
9
0
9

P e r c e n t of e m p l o y e e s rec e i v in g Average
hourlyr a t e s 21

$4.
7.
7.
7.
4.
6.
4.
5.
4.
3.
3.
4.
3.
3.

90
38
45
35
58
30
42
53
12
98
62
34
21
78

$4. 00

$4. 25

$4, 50

$4. 75

$2. 50

$2. 75

$3. 00

$3. 25

$3. 50

$3. 75

$4. 00

$4. 25

$4.

50

$4. 75

ove r

2. 9
. 1
.4
_
_
. 3
_
.4
.3
1. 2
.4
3. 4
12. 7

1. 3
.

4. 7
. 1
.4
. 1
_
3. 9
4. 7
5. 8
10. 1
2. 7
44. 8
13. 7

4. 7
.3
.4
2. 3
.2
7. 1
. 1
9. 1
11. 4
12. 2
6. 2
6. 9
7. 3

5.
.
.
1.
7.
.
11.
1.
14.
16.
14.
12.
6.
9.

12. 9
1. 7
.
2. 3
12. 4
1. 0
16. 2
4. 1
19. 6
22. 3
44. 1
13. 3
13. 8
30. 2

8. 3
2. 4
1. 8
2. 7
20. 2
5. 3
12. 3
8. 3
13. 6
14. 2
2. 1
14. 5
.
4. 8

7. 2
5. 6
1. 1
7. 2
15. 8
2. 4
9. 3
10. 0
9. 2
7. 3
5. 3
11. 7
.
8. 6

6. 9
4. 1
1. 4
5. 0
14. 2
10. 2
10. 9
16. 1
9. 5
9. 8
1. 6
10. 2
_
3. 3

45. 1
84. 9
94. 7
81. 4
2 7. 7
80. 5
26. 8
60. 3
17. 6
11. 0
. 5
27. 1
_
6. 2

8. 0

10. 7

34. 5

14. 3

2 7. 3

9
0
7

4. 6
3. 1
5. 6
.
2. 6
_
2. 6

2. 1
.9
2. 9
_
.6
.
.6

. 1
.2
_
.
. 3
.
.3

.2
.4
. 1
_
.
_
_

6. 9
5. 8

4. 3
4. 0

5. 4
5. 0

77. 7
82. 4

and

(3)

(3)
_

-

-

-

_
0. 1
. 1
. 1
_
_
3. 4
. 1

-

-

0. 1

-

.2
.
-

.
-

_
.

.

-

.

.
_
.
.
.

.
_
.
.
.
.
.

.
_
_

5. 49
5. 46

3, 960
1, 006
1, 591
2 82
1, 081
63
318
50
268
955
175
51
226
729

3, 856
1, 001
1, 587
2 82
986
63
245
50
195
917
157
50
207
710

104
5
4

39. 8
39. 3
40. 0
40. 0
40. 0
40. 0
40. 0
40. 0
40. 0
3 8. 7
38. 4
21.5
34. 6
40, 0

5.
6.
5.
5.
4.
4.
3.
4.
3.
3.
2.
2.
2.
3.

1

$3. 75

.
_
.2
_
.2

39. 9
40, 0

19
19

f 3. 50

-

136
32

73
38
18

$3. 25

.
.

5, 369
1, 450

-

$3. 00

3.
3.
3.
2.
3.
3.
3.

5, 505
1, 482

73

$2. 75

4. 83

415
1, 031
415
616
407
956
1
955

.

$2. 50

39. 8

377
256
125
131
34
76
4
72

-

$2 . 25

39.
39.
40.
40.
40.
40.
40.

792
1, 287
540
747
441
1, 032
5
1, 027

95

$2. 00
and
under
$2. 25

9
9
0
0
0
0
0

72
73
72
73
48
83
48

51
60
32
24
88
58
48
60
28
09
15
18
16
34

-

.2
-

23. 7
X
X

100. 0

-

_
.3
.2
.4
98. 4
1. 3
.
1. 3

.
.

-

.
1. 4
1. 6
1. 2
8. 0
1. 2
20. 7
3. 7
.3

. 1

2. 0

2. 9

13. 4
12. 2
14. 2
1. 1
29. 9
_
3 0. 1

9. 7
14. 8
6. 0
.
11. 3
.
11. 4

15. 5
29. 1
5. 8
10. 7
20. 0
10. 6

. 1
.

. 1
. 1

1. 1
1. 1

. 9
. 7

3. 6
. 9

. 1

. 8
. 1
1. 0
1. 1
1.2
15. 9
40. 6

1. 0

4. 6

.
.

.4
.

4. 8
6. 6
_

.
-

.2
1. 6
30. 2
_

35. 8
20. 0

7. 8
2. 7

X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X

.

.

.

.

.

1. 6

3. 6

.

2

3

26. 2

1 I n c l u d e s e m p l o y e e s w o r k i n g in the c o n t e r m i n o u s 48 St ate s and the D i s t r i c t of C o l u m b i a ; the c o m p a n y d o e s not o p e r a t e in A l a s k a a n d Ha w aii .
2 E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , an d l a t e s h if ts .
3 L e s s t h a n 0. 05 p e r c e n t .




_

. 7
1. 3

.

9
8
4
0
2
4
6
1
7
4
9
7
9
4

4. 4
7. 4
2. 1
. 5
7. 0
7. 0

(3)

6

■

48. 1
42. 4

55. 6

-

.

7
7
8

.

1. 1
1. 4
1. 8
.

4.
2.
4.
9.

49.
31.
62.
.
35.
80.
35.

1
0
5
1

1.
1.
14.
6.
1.

5
1
2
3
3

_

7.
1.
6.
18.
10.
1.
5.
36.

4
3
9
8
8
6
7
0

4.
.
4.
3.
8.
1.

5
6
3
2
7
6
. 9
6. 0

1. 5
. 6

.
.

.
.

X
X

X
X

X
X

.

_

_

-

11. 9

.

8

5.
.
4.
11.
9.

6
9
9
0
7

_

5. 7
2 8. 0
1. 5

76.
97.
80.
63.
53.
68.
4.
28.

.

.
_

X
X

X
X

X
X

_

_

_

-

-

0
1
4
1
4
3
4
0

N u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s
Occupational group
Total

All e m p l o y e e s , e x c e p t o f f i c e r s an d a s s i s t a n t s ----------------All e m p l o y e e s e x c e p t o f f i c e r s , a s s i s t a n t s
and m e s s e n g e r s ----------------------------------------------------------P r o f e s s i o n a l and s e m i p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p l o y e e s ----------------E n g i n e e r s an d e n g i n e e r i n g a s s i s t a n t s --------------------------O t h e r s -----------—---------------------------------------------------------------Office o r s t a t i o n s u p e r i n t e n d e n t s and a s s i s t a n t s .................
S a l e s e m p l o y e e s ------------------------------------- -------- -------- —— -C l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s ---- ----------- ----------------- --------------------------S u p e r v i s o r s -----------—---------------------------- -----------------------—
N o n s u p e r v i s o r y c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s ----------------------------O p e r a t i n g d e p a r t m e n t ---------------------------- -— — — — —
C o m m ercial dep artm en t
--------------------------------------A c c o u n t in g d e p a r t m e n t --------- ----------- ---------------------E n g i n e e r i n g d e p a r t m e n t ------------------------------------------All o t h e r d e p a r t m e n t s ---------------—----------------------------O p e r a t o r s ------------------------ ------ -----------------------------------------T ra ffic chiefs, d i s p a t c h e r s , s u p e r v i s o r s ,
i n s t r u c t o r s , a nd a s s i s t a n t s --------------------------- --------- —
N o n s u p e r v i s o r y o p e r a t o r s -------- ------------ ------------ -------—
R a d i o o p e r a t o r s --------------------------------------------------------M a r i n e c o a s t a l s t a t i o n o p e r a t o r s ---------------------------Ca bl e o p e r a t o r s ---------------- -------- -------—--------------------T e l e t y p e - m u l t i p l e x o p e r a t o r s ---------------------------------T e l e p h o n e o p e r a t o r s ------------------------- ---------------------All o t h e r o p e r a t o r s in c l u d i n g M o r s e ----------------------M e s s e n g e r s -------------------------------- -------------------------------------F o o t and b i c y c l e ------------------------------------------------------------M o t o r --------- — - — -------------------------------------------------Construction, installation, m a in te n a n c e , and other
t e c h n i c a l e m p l o y e e s -------------------------------------------------------Supe r v i s o r s ----------------------------------------------------------------M e c h a n i c s and m a i n t e n a n c e t e c h n i c i a n s -----------------R a di o o p e r a t i n g t e c h n i c i a n s ------------------------------------R a d i o t e l e g r a p h r i g g e r s ------------------------------------------Oth e r s ------------------------------------------------------------------------B ui ld in g s e r v i c e e m p l o y e e s ----------------------------------------------All e m p l o y e e s not e l s e w h e r e c l a s s i f i e d ----------------------------

Men

W o me n

Average
s ch ed ­ Average
$1. 80
hourly
ul ed
and
rates2
weekly
under
hours
$2. 00
,9 5. 75

*2. 25

$2 .“ 50

$2. 75

$3. 00

$3. 25

$3. 50

$3. 75

$4. 00

$4. 25

$4. 50

*4. 75

$2. 25

$2. 50

$2. 75

$3. 00

$3. 25

$3. 50

$3. 75

$4. 00

$4. 25

$4. 50

$4. 75

over

and

4, 661

3, 829

832

36. 9

1. 3

1. 1

0. 2

0. 4

1. 4

2. 1

3. 4

4. 0

4. 6

6. 2

4. 6

4, 436
5 89
241
348
22
2 89
1, 2 74
130
1, 144
375
105
391
63
210
1, 133

3, 614
564
236
328
22
260
703
119
5 84
259
28
190
24
105
945

822
25
5
20
.
29
571
11
560
116
77
201
39
105
188

37. 2
37.2
37. 1
37. 3
36. 7
36. 6
37. 0
36. 8
37. 0
37. 3
37. 4
36. 4
40. 2
36. 3
37. 5

5.
8.
8.
8.
8.
6.
4.
7.
4.
4.
4.
4.
4.
4.
5.

98
26
27
25
85
76
95
78
63
77
44
47
27
88
49

. 1
.
.
. 1
. 1
. 3
-

.
.
-

. 1
.
.
.
.2
.2
. 3
1. 6
_

. 1

.4
_
.
_
. 9
1. 0
. 8
1. 9
1. 0
1. 6
1. 0
. 3

1. 3
.2
.4
.
4. 0
4. 5
1. 9
10. 5
4. 3
6. 3
5. 7
.2

2. 2
.
_
.
1. 7
5. 4
6. 0
3. 5
6. 7
9. 0
11. 1
3. 3
1. 5

3. 6
.
.
.
.
. 7
9. 3

4. 2
.3
. 8
.
.
3. 1
9. 4
.
10. 5
5. 9
10. 5
14. 6
9. 5
11. 4
2. 8

4. 8
.2
. 3
.
2. 4
7. 4
8. 2
9. 1
6. 7
7. 9
4. 8
9. 0
6. 4

6. 5
. 5
.4
. 6
.
3. 1
7. 1
. 8
7. 9
5. 3
9. 5
7. 4
11. 1
11. 4
8. 7

4. 7
.5
. 8
. 3
.
2. 1
8. 2
2. 3
8. 9
9. 1
4. 8
10. 2
9. 5
8. 0
3. 7

72.
98.
97.
98.
100.
86.
47.
96.
42.
58.
2 7.
32.
36.
38.
75.

1
3
5
9
0
9
6
9
0
9
6
7
5
1
1

184
949
11
114
126
567
54
77
225
216
9

181
764
11
114
118
420
40
61
215
206
9

3
185
8
147
14
16
10
10

37.
37.
36.
37.
37.
37.
3 7.
37.
29.
29.
37.

4
5
1
5
5
5
5
5
4
1
5

7.
5.
5.
5.
5.
5.
5.
5.
2.
2.
3.

34
13
22
68
04
05
10
10
31
27
13

-

-

.
-

.3
.
. 5
-

.2
_
.4
-

1. 8
.
3. 0
-

. 5
3. 3
9. 1
1. 6
3. 9
5. 6
3. 9
.4
. 5

7. 7
9. 1
2. 6
19. 0
6. 0
11. 1
6. 5
.4
.5

10. 4
6. 1
12. 7
11. 1
7. 4
11. 7

.
4. 4
5. 3
4. 0
3. 7
1. 9
11. 7
. 9
.9

99.
70.
81.
86.
62.
69.
72.
64.

5
4
8
0
7
3
2
9

1, 046
137
482
136
13
278
77
6

1, 038
136
4 82
131
13
2 76
76
6

37.
37.
37.
37.
37.
37.
37.
3 8.

5
3
5
5
5
5
5
4

5.
7.
5.
5.
5.
5.
4.
4.

96
99
67
65
83
62
33
96

.

8
1
-

5
-

2
1

’

1 C o v e r s e m p l o y e e s of i n t e r n a t i o n a l t e l e g r a p h c a r r i e r s who h a v e an nu al o p e r a t i n g r e v e n u e s e x c e e d i n g
t e r m i n o u s 48 S t a t e s an d th e D i s t r i c t of C o l u m b i a .
2 See a p p e n d ix f o r d e f i n i t i o n of h o u r s an d r a t e s u s e d in th is bu lle tin .




P e r c e n t of e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v i n g —
8 2. 00

2. 2

-

-

42. 7
44. 4
.
-

3

.
-

6

26. 2
26. 9
11. 1

.2
.3
1. 9
. 5

-

-

22. 2
22. 7

2. 7
2. 8

. 9
.9
.

.
-

1

-

-

.
-

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

■

■

"

2. 6
■

"

-

-

2. 2
. 5
66. 7
.
-

1

4
5. 2
*
.

. 9

10.
5.
20.
12.
7.
11.
1.

.
1. 5
.
2. 1
1. 9
1. 3
.4

-

-

22. 2
-

7. 8
"

4
3
0
5
9
4
2

1. 3

.

1. 2

-

-

1. 9

1. 5
2. 2

-

8
11. 7
"
1

.

1. 2
11. 7
"

.

_

3. 2
1
4
7
3
2

3. 8

-

-

8. 1
8. 8

5. 4
3. 7

-

83.
100.
80.
77.
92.
82.
20.
50.

-

6. 5
20. 8
16. 7

$50, 000; e x c l u d e s e m p l o y e e s w o r k i n g f o r i n t e r n a t i o n a l t e l e g r a p h c a r r i e r s

.

.

6. 6

-

2.
7.
7.
4.
5.

68. 6

3. 6
14. 3
33. 3

o ut si de

the

3
0
3
9
3
4
8
0

co­

Appendix.

Scope and M e th o d o f Survey

Data presented in this study are based on annual
reports filed with the Federal Communications Commis­
sion by communication carriers, as required by the
amended Communications Act of 1934. All carriers
engaged in interstate or foreign communications service
by means of their own facilities or through connection
with the facilities of another carrier under direct or
indirect common control are subject to the fulljurisdiction of the Commission. A large number of telephone
carriers engaged in interstate or foreign service only by
connections with the facilities of another unaffiliated
carrier are not subject to the full jurisdiction of the
Commission and are not required to file annual reports
of hours and earnings of employees.
Tabulations for telephone carriers relate to those
having annual operating revenues over $1 million, and
subject to the full jurisdiction of the FCC. Included are
25 Bell System companies and 31 companies not
affiliated with the Bell System.
Tabulations for wire-telegraph and international tele­
graph carriers were confined to companies with annual
revenues exceeding $50,000 and engaged in interstate
or foreign commerce. Western Union Co. is the only
wire-telegraph company included. Five companies en­
gaged in nonvocal radio or cable communications are
included in the international telegraph tabulations.
Employees and occupational groups covered
by the study
Officials and managerial assistants were not included
in the tabulations. Also excluded were employees
working outside the 50 States and the District of
Columbia, except telephone carrier employees in Puerto
Rico, and the Virgin Islands. All other employees, both
full-time and part-time, were included. Part-time em­
ployees are defined as those regularly assigned shorter
hours than a full-time schedule.
Occupational groups for which separate data are
presented are defined in the FCC’s Rules and Regulations,
volume X, part 51, applying to telephone carriers, and
part 52, applying to telegraph companies. Copies of this
volume are on sale by the Superintendent of Documents,
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
20402, at $4 per subscription.




Hours and rates
Average hourly rates in this bulletin were computed
by dividing total “scheduled weekly compensation” by
total “scheduled weekly hours.” Average scheduled
weekly hours were obtained by dividing the total
scheduled weekly hours by the number of employees.
The terms “scheduled weekly hours” and “scheduled
weekly compensation” for the three carrier groups
covered by the study are defined, according to the
FCC’s Rules and Regulations, as follows:

Telephone Carriers

51.12(b). “Scheduled weekly hours” means the number
of regular hours, excluding overtime hours, in the duty tours
which the employee is scheduled to work during the week
in which December 31 occurs, whether or not excused
because of a holiday, vacation, leave of absence, or other
reason.
51.13(b). “Scheduled weekly compensation” means com­
pensation to the employee at the rate of pay in effect on
December 31 for the “scheduled weekly hours.” It includes
the basic weekly pay rate plus any regularly scheduled
supplementary compensation, such as differentials for evening
and night tours, equivalent value of board and lodging for
unlocated employees, equivalent value of meals furnished for
dining service employees, and equivalent value of living
quarters and maintenance furnished for managers of agency
offices. It excludes pay for overtime work and pay in excess
o f weekday rates for Sunday and holiday work.
W estern Union Co.

52.21(b). “Scheduled weekly hours” are defined as an
employee’s regular daily tour of duty multiplied by the
number of days, or fraction of days, scheduled to be
worked during a week.
52.22(b). “Scheduled weekly compensation” is defined
as wages scheduled to be paid for scheduled weekly hours
as defined in 52.21(b). This should include employee
contributions for old age benefits, unemployment insurance,
and similar deductions, paid vacation and holiday hours,
the regularly scheduled weekly compensation for employees
temporarily on leave due to disability or sickness, and the
scheduled weekly compensation of both full- and part-time
employees.

The company reports that “scheduled weekly com­
pensation” excludes premium pay for overtime and for
work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.

that scheduled weekly compensation should include
regularly scheduled maintenance, travel, or other allow­
ances.

International telegraph carriers

Distribution o f workers by earning classes

International telegraph carriers are instructed to
report scheduled weekly hours and compensation for
employees as defined for the Western Union Co., except

In the tables, workers are distributed according to the
percentage having stipulated hourly rates of pay. Because
of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100.




Industry W a g e S tudies
The most recent reports for industries included in the
Bureau’s program of industry wage surveys since January
1960 are listed below. Copies are available from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing

Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, or any of its regional
sales offices, and from the Bureau of Labor Statistics,
Washington, D.C. 20212, or from any of its regional
offices shown on the inside back cover.

I. Occupational Wage Studies
Manufacturing
Price
Basic Iron and Steel, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1602 ........................................................................................................... $0.55
Candy and Other Confectionery Products, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1732................................................................................45
Cigar Manufacturing, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1796 ...................................................................................................................65
Cigarette Manufacturing, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1748 ............................................................................................................ 30
Fabricated Structural Steel, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1695 ........................................................................................................50
Fertilizer Manufacturing, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1763 ..........................................................................................................75
Flour and Other Grain Mill Products, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1803 ...................................................................................... 55
Fluid Milk Industry, 1964. BLS Bulletin 1464 ...................................................................................................................30
Footwear, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1792 ............................................................................................................................. 1.25
Hosiery, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1743 ...................................................................................................................................... 75
Industrial Chemicals, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1768 ...................................................................................................................80
Iron and Steel Foundries, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1626 .................................................................................................. 1.00
Leather Tanning and Finishing, 1968. BLS Bulletin 1 6 1 8 ................................................................................................. 55
Machinery Manufacturing, 1970-71. BLS Bulletin 1754 ............................................................................................ 1.00
Meat Products, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1677 .................................................................................................................... 1.00
Men’s and Boys’ Separate Trousers, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1752 ...........................................................................................60
Men’s and Boys’ Shirts (Except Work Shirts) and Nightwear, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1794 ...............................................95
Men’s and Boys’ Suits and Coats, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1716 ..................................................................................... 1.00
Miscellaneous Plastics Products, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1690 ...............................................................................................60
Motor Vehicles and Parts, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1679 ..........................................................................................................75
Nonferrous Foundries, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1726 ..............................................................................................................50
Paints and Varnishes, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1739 ................................................................................................................ 60
Paperboard Containers and Boxes, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1719..................................................................................... 1.25
Petroleum Refining* 1971. BLS Bulletin 1741 .................................................................................................................. 50
Pressed or Blown Glass and Glassware, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1713 ....................................................................................50
Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1608 .......................................................................................... 60
Southern Sawmills and Planing Mills, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1694 ......................................................................................50
Structural Clay Products, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1697 ..........................................................................................................65




I. Occupational Wage Studies—Continued
Manufacturing— Continued
Price
Synthetic Fibers, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1740 ......................................................................................................................... 40
Textile Dyeing and Finishing, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1757 ................................................................................................... 70
Textiles, August 1971. BLS Bulletin 1801 .................................................................................................................. 1.55
West Coast Sawmilling, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1704 .............................................................................................................. 45
Women’s and Misses’ Coats and Suits, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1728 ...................................................................................... 35
Women’s and Misses’ Dresses, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1783 ................................................................................................... 65
Wood Household Furniture, Except Upholstered, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1793 ...................................................................90
Working Clothing, 1968. BLS Bulletin 1624 ....................................................................................................................... 50
Non man ufacturing
Auto Dealer Repair Shops, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1689 ........................................................................................................50
Banking, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1703 ...................................................................................................................................... 65
Bituminous Coal Mining, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1583 ............................................................................................................ 50
Communications, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1805 ....................................................................................................................... 60
Contract Cleaning Services, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1778 ........................................................................................................85
Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Production, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1797 .......................................................................55
Educational Institutions: Nonteaching Employees, 1968-69. BLS Bulletin 1671............................................................ 50
Electric and Gas Utilities, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1 6 1 4 ..........................................................................................................70
Hospitals, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1688 ............................................................................................................................. 1.00
Laundry and Cleaning Services, 1968. BLS Bulletin 1645 ................................................................................................. 75
life Insurance, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1791..............................................................................................................................85
Motion Picture Theaters, 1966. BLS Bulletin 1542 ............................................................................................................ 35
Nursing Homes and Related Facilities, 1967-68. BLS Bulletin 1638 ................................................................................75
Scheduled Airlines, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1734 .....................................................................................................................45
Wages and Tips in Restaurants and Hotels, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1712 ..............................................................................60

II. Other Industry Wage Studies
Employee Earnings and Hours in Nonmetropolitan Areas of the South and North Central Regions,
1965. BLS Bulletin 1552 ................................................................................................................................................... 50
Employee Earnings and Hours in Eight Metropolitan Areas of the South, 1965. BLS Bulletin 1533 ........................... 40
Employee Earnings and Hours in Retail Trade, June 1966Retail Trade (Overall Summary). BLS Bulletin 1584 ....................................................................................... 1.00
Building Materials, Hardware, and Farm Equipment Dealers. BLS Bulletin 1584-1 .............................................30
General Merchandise Stores. BLS Bulletin 1584-2 ................................................................................................... 55
Food Stores. BLS Bulletin 1584-3 ........................................................................................................................... 60
Automotive Dealers and Gasoline Service Stations. BLS Bulletin 1584-4 .............................................................. 50
Apparel and Accessory Stores. BLS Bulletin 1584-5 ............................................................................................... 55
Furniture,Home Furnishings, and Household Appliance Stores. BLS Bulletin 1584-6 ...................................... 50
Miscellaneous Retail Stores. BLS Bulletin 1584-7 ....................................................................................................65




☆

U S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1974

0 - 583-664 (4)

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
REGIONAL OFFICES

Region I

Region V

1603 JFK Federal Building
Government Center
Boston, Mass. 02203
Phone: 223-6762 (Area Code 617)

Region II

8th Floor, 300 South W acker Drive
Chicago, III. 60606
Phone: 353-1880 (Area Code 312)

Region VI

Suite 3400
1515 Broadway
New York, N.Y. 10036
Phone: 971-5405 (Area Code 212)

1100 Commerce St., Rm. 6B7
Dallas, Tex. 75202
Phone: 749-3516 (Area Code 214)

Regions VII and VIII *
Region III
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, Pa. 19101
Phone: 597-1154 (Area Code 215)

Region IV

Regions IX and X **

Suite 540
1371 Peachtree St., NE.
Atlanta, Ga. 30309
Phone: 526-5418 (Area Code 404)




Federal Office Building
911 Walnut St., 15th Floor
Kansas City, Mo. 64106
Phone: 374-2481 (Area Code 816)

450 Golden Gate Ave.
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102
Phone: 556-4678 (Area Code 415)

Regions VII and VIII are serviced by Kansas City
Regions IX and X are serviced by San Francisco