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Industry Wage Survey Appliance Repair Shops September 1972 Bulletin 1838 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Peter J. Brennan, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Julius Shiskin, Commissioner 1975 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, GPO Bookstores, or BLS Regional Offices listed on inside back cover. Price 85 cents Make checks payable to Superintendent of Documents Preface This bulletin summarizes the results of a September 1972 Bureau of Labor Statistics survey of wages and supplementary benefits in electrical appliance repair facilities in 21 metropolitan areas. Separate releases for each of the areas included in the survey were issued earlier. Copies of these releases are available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C. 20212, or any of its regional offices. This study was conducted by the Bureau’s Office of Wages and Industrial Relations. Harry B. Williams of the Division of Occupational Wage Structures prepared the analysis in this bulletin. Field work for the survey was directed by the Bureau’s Associate Assistant Regional Directors for Operations. Other reports available from the Bureau’s program of industry wage studies, as well as the addresses of the Bureau’s regional offices, are listed at the end of this bulletin. in C on ten ts Page Summary......................................................................................................................................................................... Industry characteristics................................................................................................................................................. L ocation..................................................................................................................................................................... Occupational staffing and job vacancies................................................................................................................ Unionization.............................................................................................................................................................. Method of wage p a y m e n t........................................................................................................................................ Occupational earnings................................................................................................................................................... Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions.................................................................................... Minimum entrance r a te s .......................................................................................................................................... Weekly work schedules............................................................................................................................................ Overtime premium p a y ............................................................................................................................................ Paid holidays ............................................................................................................................................................ Paid vacations .......................................................................................................................................................... Health, insurance, and retirement plans ................................................................................................................ Other selected b en e fits............................................................................................................................................ 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 Tables: Occupational averages: 1. All establishm ents...................................................................................................... 6 Earnings distribution: 2. Television-radio technicians........................................................................................................................... 3. Television-radio technicians,apprentice ...................................................................................................... 4. Electrical appliance technicians.................................................................................................................... 5. Electrical appliance technicians, apprentice................................................................................................. 7 8 9 9 Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions: 6. Method of wage payment ............................................................................................................................. 7. Minimum entrance rates ............................................................................................................................... 8. Weekly work schedules................................................................................................................................. 9. Overtime premium p a y ................................................................................................................................. 10. Paid holidays................................................................................................................................................... 11. Paid v acations................................................................................................................................................. 12. Health, insurance, and retirement plans....................................................................................................... 13. Other selected benefits ................................................................................................................................. 14. Job vacancies................................................................................................................................................... 10 11 13 14 15 16 18 19 20 Appendixes: A. Scope and method of survey ............................................................................................................................. B. Occupational descriptions ................................................................................................................................. 21 26 E le c tric a l A p p lia n c e R epair Summary Household appliance technicians averaged more per hour than television-radio technicians in 20 of the 21 met ropolitan areas surveyed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in September 1972.1 For both types of technicians, aver age earnings ranged between $4 and $5 an hour in a majority of the areas; wage advantages held by techni cians over apprentices in the same field usually averaged about 40 to 60 percent for TV-radio work and 40 to 55 percent for electrical appliance repair. The study also measured, for the four occupations surveyed,2 the number of full-time job openings avail able in September 1972. Job vacancy rates for appren tices usually were higher than for the respective tech nicians within the same area. Paid holidays and paid vacations were provided to a large majority of the workers in all areas. Provisions for life, hospitalization, surgical, medical, and major medical insurance, as well as retirement pension plans, also were widespread in the areas surveyed. only in Hartford, however, were a majority of the work ers employed in this size facility. As indicated in the fol lowing tabulation, the number of technicians and appren tices employed varied considerably by the type of estab lishment having the repair facility. Within each of the 21 Type o f establishment Median number o f technicians and apprentices employed in individual repair facilities (21 cities combined) Wholesalers of appliances, televisions, and radios............... Department stores...................... Retail appliance stores............................. Retail television and radio stores.............................. Electrical repair shops ........................... 10 65 4 3 7 areas surveyed, independent electrical repair shops or the appliance facilities of department stores employed the highest proportion of the repair technicians and appren tices; the retail appliance stores usually employed the smallest proportion. Industry characteristics The nearly 2,000 establishments covered by the Sep tember 1972 survey employed slightly more than 21,000 nonsupervisory service workers in their electrical appli ance repair facilities. Three-fourths of these workers (virtually all men) were employed as service technicians or apprentices. The repair facilities studied service a wide variety of electrical consumer products, ranging from televisions, radios, and tape players (brown goods) to the larger ap pliances such as refrigerators, freezers, washers, and so forth (white goods). In each of the 21 areas,3 three-fifths or more of all repair facilities visited in the survey re ported brown goods as the major type of product serv iced. These establishments did not generally engage in the repair of white or other types of goods as a second ary function. On the other hand, a majority of white goods service facilities in seven areas reported the repair of brown or other goods as a secondary function. Nonsupervisory employment in the repair facilities covered by the survey ranged from 4 workers to 100 or more. In 17 of the 21 areas, three-fifths or more of the service facilities employed between 4 to 19 workers; Location. The area employment levels of technicians and apprentices generally reflected the population sizes of the localities studied. Three-fifths of the 16,000 tech nicians and apprentices covered by the survey were em ployed in 6 of the 21 areas. The Los Angeles-Long Beach and Anaheim—Santa Ana-Garden Grove area had the largest number (2,325 workers) followed by the New York metropolitan area (2,201 workers), Chicago (1,881 workers), Philadelphia (1,240 workers), Washington (1,104 workers), and San Francisco (891 workers). Each 1 See appendix A for scope and method of survey. Average hourly earnings data in this bulletin exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts, as well as commissions paid for the sales of maintenance contracts, parts, or appliances. State or local government license require ments for qualified technicians were found in only 7 of the 21 areas surveyed (Boston, Buffalo, Denver, Hartford, Indianapolis, Kansas City, and Los Angeles—Long Beach) and applied more often to TV-radio technicians than electrical appliance tech nicians. Premiums paid for such licenses, if any, are included in the wage data. 2 See appendix B for job descriptions. Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas as defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget through November 1971. of the remaining 15 areas employed fewer than 800 work ers— ranging from nearly 200 in Richmond to 600 work ers in the Newark and Jersey City area. Occupational staffing and job vacancies. Televisionradio technicians, numerically the most important of the four occupations studied separately, comprised one-half of the technician-apprentice work force in the 21 areas combined. Electrical appliance technicians made up an additional two-fifths of the work force; the remainder were apprentices to the respective technicians. In addition to the estimates of numbers of workers employed in the selected occupations at the time of the survey, the study also measured the number of full-time job openings available in September 1972 and for which the firm was actively trying to recruit workers from out side the firm. As illustrated in text table 1, the job va cancy rate (vacancies as a percent of employment in the occupation plus reported vacancies) for qualified tech nicians was between 4 to 9 percent for TV-radio work in a majority of the areas. For electrical appliance techni cians in 13 of the areas studied, the job-vacancy rate was less than 4 percent. The apprentice vacancy rate, on the other hand, was usually somewhat higher— 10 percent or more in a majority of the areas for which data were available. Also, the job vacancy rate was usually higher for apprentices than for the respective technicians with in the same area. Long-term job openings— those remaining unfilled for a month or more— constituted a significant proportion of the total reported vacancies for qualified technicians. For both TV-radio and electrical appliance technicians, long-term job vacancies were at least 50 percent of the total vacancies reported in a majority of the areas. (See table 14.) Unionization. Slightly more than one-fifth of the 16,000 technicians and apprentices in the 21 areas combined were employed in repair facilities having labor-manage ment contracts covering a majority of such employees. The proportions of workers in union establishments varied widely by location, but only in Philadelphia were a majority covered. Elsewhere, the incidence of unioni zation ranged from 10 percent or less in Los Angeles, Hartford, Dallas, Washington, Atlanta, Memphis, and Richmond to about 40 percent in Newark and Jersey City, Boston, New York, and St. Louis, The International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (AFL-CIO) was the major union in the industry. A number of other unions, including the United Electrical, Radio and Machine Work ers and International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauf feurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America, also had collective bargaining agreements with establishments in the industry. Method o f wage payment. About nine-tenths or more of the service technicians and apprentices in each area were paid on a time-rated basis, most commonly under formal plans providing ranges of rates for specified oc cupations. (See table 6.) Typically, the rate-range pay plans provided for automatic progression based on lengthof-service or a combination of length-of-service and merit review. Informal plans, with rates based primarily on the qualifications of the individual worker, covered the ma jority of the employees in Boston, Hartford, New York, and St. Louis, and substantial proportions of the work force in most other areas. Incentive pay plans applied to less than one-tenth of the workers in nearly all areas. Both time and incentive workers usually were paid at weekly or biweekly intervals. Commissions occasionally were paid to technicians for the sale of maintenance contracts, parts, or appliances. (See table 13.) The proportions of workers in establish ments having such provisions varied considerably by area, Text table 1. Job vacancy rates for selected occupations in electrical appliance repair facilities, 21 areas, September 1972 Occupation TV-radio technicians......................................... TV-radio technicians, apprentice...................... Electrical appliance technicians........................ Electrical appliance technicians, apprentice .................................. o Job vacancy rate by area Total number of areas1 Less than 4 percent 4-9 percent 10-14 percent 15 percent or more 21 18 21 1 5 13 13 3 7 6 1 - 1 9 1 11 2 3 4 2 1 In several areas, vacancies were reported for apprentices; however, no workers were reported employed as apprentices at the time of the survey. These data were not included in the tabulation. 2 Vacancies as a percent of the sum of employment plus vacancies. and within areas, by item. For example, in 16 of the 21 localities, between one-third and two-thirds of the workers were employed in establishments paying com missions to service technicians for the sale of maintenance contracts; establishments having similar provisions for the sale of appliances employed less than one-tenth of the workers in 17 of the areas. The proportions of technicians actually receiving com missions during September 1972 were usually somewhat less than were eligible and showed substantial variation by area and occupation. In St. Louis, for example, 29 percent of the TV-radio technicians received commis sions in addition to their regular wages, compared with 4 percent of the electrical appliance technicians. In Denver, the relationships were reversed— 7 and 25 per cent, respectively. The effect of these commission pay ments on area averages is illustrated in text table 2 in the following discussion of occupational earnings. Occupational earnings Straight-time average earnings for each of the two service technician jobs ranged from $4 to $5 an hour in a majority of the 21 areas covered by the September 1972 survey. (See table 1.) The highest averages for both types of technicians were recorded in the San Francisco— Oakland area— $5.89 for electrical appliance technicians and $5.65 an hour for TV-radio technicians; the lowest averages were found in Dallas and Richmond— $4.03 and $3.87 for electrical appliance and TV-radio service, respectively. The following tabulation indicates the interarea spread in average earnings levels for both technician jobs combined: Area Chicago, Los Angeles................. Atlanta, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Newark and Jersey City, St. L ou is.................................. Boston, Buffalo, Cincinnati, Hartford, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Memphis, Miami, New York, Philadelphia, Washington......... Dallas, Denver, Richmond......... Range o f relative pay levels1*for technicians (San Francisco-Oakland= 100) 85-89 80-84 When a similar ranking of areas was derived from the Bureau’s area wage survey program4 using skilled main tenance workers in all industries as the occupational group, earnings levels in 17 of 19 area comparisons were no more than 20 percent below the San Francisco average. The interarea spread in average earnings also varied considerably between the two types of technicians. Electrical appliance technicians in Memphis, for example, averaged 13 percent less than workers performing simi lar work in San Francisco, while the corresponding wage disadvantage for TV-radio technicians in Memphis was more than twice that amount— 29 percent. Earnings levels of apprentice technicians— working under the direction of a qualified technician or other supervisor while in a learning or apprenticeship status— rarely exceeded $3.50 an hour. Average hourly earnings of apprentices on electrical appliances ranged from $2.78 in Dallas to $4.26 in San Francisco, and were higher than those for their TV-radio counterparts in 8 of 11 areas that could be compared. (See table 1.) Wage advantages held by qualified technicians over apprentices in the same field usually averaged about 40 to 60 percent for TV-radio work and 40 to 55 percent for electrical appliance repair. In all but one of the areas studied, electrical appliance technicians— those servicing white goods, such as refrig erators, freezers, and washers— had higher average hourly earnings than their TV-radio (brown goods) counter parts. Within areas, however, when comparisons were limited to establishments employing both types of workers, the brown-goods technicians were commonly paid as much as, or more than white-goods technicians in the same repair facility. The higher area averages for the latter, therefore, were partly attributable to a larger proportion of the electrical appliance technicians in the area being employed in higher paying establishments than were TV-radio technicians. For the two qualified technician jobs, separate earn ings data were also developed for three categories of service— inside (bench), outside (home service calls), and a combination of the two. In areas permitting com parisons among all three types, outside or combination technicians usually had higher average earnings than those working exclusively at the repair facility. (See table 1.) 75-79 70-74 4 1 To minimize interarea differences in employment mix between the TV-radio and electrical appliance technicians, weights expressing constant employment relationships based on the total workers in the respective jobs in all 21 areas were used. Aggre gates were computed for each area by multiplying the average straight-time hourly earnings for the jobs by those weights and totaling. The ratio of these aggregates formed the basis for this index. Summary Release: Wage Differences Among Metropolitan Areas, 1972-73 (1974), Bureau of Labor Statistics. The Bureau’s areas wage survey program covers establishments in the following broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation, com munications, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and selected services. Estimates for skilled maintenance workers in nonmanufacturing could not be used because about 80 percent of the workers in this job group are in manufacturing industries. To illustrate, hourly earnings of electrical appliance tech nicians in Denver averaged $4.34 for combination service, $4.10 for outside, and $4.03 for inside; TV-radio tech nicians averaged $4.05, $3.96, and $3.91, respectively. About nine-tenths or more of the technicians in each area were paid on a time-rated basis. In the few areas where data were available for both time and incentive workers in an occupation, no consistent pay relation ship emerged: Those paid on a time basis held wage advantages in 5 of 9 possible comparisons. Earnings of individuals varied substantially within the same job and area. (See tables 2 through 5.) For example, the hourly earnings of the highest paid technician ex ceeded those of the lowest paid in the same job and area by at least $2, and in many instances, the spread reached $4 or more. The basic earnings data in tables 1 through 5 exclude the value of commission payments made to technicians for the sale of maintenance contracts, parts, and appli ances. Text table 2, however, illustrates the effect on occupational averages when such payments were added to the straight-time hourly earnings data for the two technician jobs. Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions Information also was obtained on minimum entrance (hiring) rates for qualified technicians, and on work schedules, overtime premium pay, and incidence of sup plementary benefits, including paid holidays, paid va cations, and health, insurance, and retirement plans for technicians and apprentices. Minimum entrance rates. Minimum entrance (hiring) rates for qualified technicians were determined by formally established policies in a minority (usually between 10 and 30 percent) of the repair facilities visited in each of the 21 survey areas. (See table 7.) For each of the two technician jobs, these minimum entrance rates most com monly fell between $3.50 and $5 an hour. Weekly work schedules. Weekly work schedules of 5 days and 40 hours applied to a majority of the tech nicians and apprentices in each of the 21 areas studied. (See table 8.) In Denver, however, nearly one-half of the workers were on longer schedules, including a sub stantial proportion (one-fifth) on 6 days, 48 hours per week. Overtime premium pay. Daily overtime pay provisions, virtually always time and one-half the regular rate after 8 hours, were in effect in repair facilities employing a majority of the technicians and apprentices in 16 of the 21 areas. (See table 9.) Weekly overtime provisions— typically time and one-half after 40 hours— applied to about nine-tenths or more of the workers in nearly all areas. Paid holidays. Paid holidays, most commonly 6 or 8 days annually, were provided by establishments employ ing more than nine-tenths of the technicians and appren tices in all areas. (See table 10.) Provisions, however, varied considerably among the areas. In Boston, for example, seven-tenths of the workers were provided 9 to 11 days annually, compared to 6 or 7 days for a simi lar proportion of the workers in Denver. Text table 2. Effect of commissions on average hourly earnings, selected occupations and areas, September 1972 Item Total areas........................................... No difference in average earnings ........... Increases of: 1 to 4 cents........................................... 5 to 9 cents........................................... 10 to 19 cents ..................................... 20 cents or m o r e ................................ Electrical appliance technicians Television-radio technicians 21 *20 Minneapolis-St. Paul and Richmond Indianapolis, St. Louis, and San Francisco Atlanta, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Denver, Hartford, Kansas City, Los Angeles, Miami, Newark and Jersey City, San Francisco, and Washington Atlanta, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Cincinnati, Denver, Hartford, Kansas City, Los Angeles, Memphis, Minneapolis—St. Paul, Newark and Jersey City, and Washington Dallas and Philadelphia Miami and New York Richmond Cincinnati and Indianapolis Dallas, New York, Philadelphia St. Louis In Memphis, no television-radio technicians were reported as receiving commissions. Paid vacations. Paid vacations, after qualifying periods of service, were provided to about nine-tenths or more of the technicians and apprentices in all areas covered by the study. (See table 11.) Typical provisions for paid vacations were 1 or 2 weeks pay after 1 year of service, 2 weeks after 2 years, 3 weeks after 10 years, and 4 weeks’ pay after 20 years or more of service. Health, insurance, and retirement plans. Life, hospitali zation, surgical, and major medical insurance, for which the employer paid at least part of the cost, was provided to a large majority of the workers in nearly all areas. (See table 12.) One-half or more of the workers in most areas also were provided other types of health benefits, including basic medical insurance and sickness and ac cident insurance and/or paid sick leave. Retirement pension plans (other than social security), providing regular payments for the remainder of the retiree’s life, were available to a majority of the workers in all but five areas: Buffalo, Kansas City, Los Angeles, Memphis, and Newark and Jersey City. Provisions for lump-sum payments on retirement (severance pay) were virtually nonexistent in the study. Other selected benefits. A majority of the technicians and apprentices in nearly all areas were employed in repair facilities having formal provisions for jury duty pay and paid leave for attending funerals of specified family members. (See table 13.) In addition, establish ments furnishing or cleaning work clothing or both, or paying at least part of the cost thereof employed a majority of the workers in 17 of the 21 areas. Formal apprenticeship training programs for both TV-radio and electrical appliance work, requiring super vised training and experience for a specified period of time, were found in all survey areas. The proportions of workers in establishments having such programs varied from about one-tenth or less, for both types of programs, in Buffalo, Chicago, and Denver, to about three-fifths in Richmond. E le c t r i c a l T e le v is io n E le c t r ic a l a p p lia n c e t e c h n ic ia n s a p p lia n c e r a d io I n s i d e O u ts id e t e c h n i c i a n s , t e c h n ic ia n s , O u t s id e I n s id e C o m b in a tio n T o ta l C o m b in a tio n T o ta l (b e n c h ) (h o m e r e p a i r ) a p p r e n t ic e . (h o m e r e p a i r ) a p p r e n tic e (b e n c h ) N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e ra g e N u m b er A v e ra g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e r a g e N u m b er A v e ra g e of h o u r ly of h o u r ly of h o u r ly h o u r ly of h o u r ly h o u r ly h o u r ly of of of h o u r ly of h o u r ly of h o u r ly of w o r k e r s e a r n i n g s w o r k e r s e a r n i n g s w o r k e r s e a r n in g s w o r k e r s e a r n i n g s w o r k e r s e a r p i n g s w o r k e r s e a r n i n g s w o r k e r s e a r n i n g s w o r k e r s e a r n i n g s w o r k e r s e a r n i n g s w o r k e r s e a r n in g s T e l e v i s i o n - r a d io t e c h n i c i a n s A rea A t l a n t a -------------------------------------B o s t o n -------------------------------------B u f f a l o ------------------------------------C h i c a g o ------------------------------------C i n c i n n a t i -------------------------------D a l l a s --------------------------------------D en ve r H a r t f o r d ----------------------------------I n d i a n a p o l i s ---------------------------K a n s a s C i t y ----------------------------L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h a n d A n a h e i m —S a n ta A n a — G a r d e n G r o v e ----------------------M e m p h i s ---------------------------------M i a m i --------------------------------------M i n n e a p o l i s —S t. P a u l -----------N e w a r k a n d J e r s e y C i t y -----N e w Y o r k , N . Y . -------------------P h i l a d e l p h i a ------------- -------------R i c h m o n d --------------------------------S a n F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d -------S t. L o u i s ---------------------------------W a s h in g t o n ------------------------------ 286 214 16 0 972 135 238 339 141 107 236 $4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 3. 4. 4. 4. 1, 4 0 3 98 193 226 282 1, 1 4 8 593 73 427 298 565 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 3. 5. 4. 4. 40 51 18 . 86 17 01 97 35 17 30 13 8 86 57 461 56 87 117 54 47 99 92 03 18 69 56 35 36 87 65 34 36 469 40 84 88 121 377 223 26 159 147 238 $ 4 . 38 4 . 50 4 . 01 4 . 82 4 . 05 4 . 07 3 .9 1 4 . 39 4 . 12 4 . 29 5. 3. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 3. 5. 4. 4. 02 72 19 61 67 38 33 67 52 22 47 117 80 53 333 76 95 113 68 49 104 $ 4 . 47 4. 36 4. 29 4 .9 9 4 .2 7 3. 90 3 .9 6 4. 36 4. 38 4. 26 31 48 50 17 8 56 109 19 11 33 4 . 10 4 . 05 4 . 20 3 .4 3 4 . 43 669 25 75 103 108 446 194 35 209 11 4 18 8 4. 9 8 4. 41 4. 13 4. 85 4 .5 1 4. 33 4. 21 4. 11 5. 52 4. 14 4. 0 7 265 33 _ 35 53 325 176 12 59 139 4 . 59 4 . 13 4. 44 4 . 41 4 . 34 4 . 56 3. 58 6 . 45 1 E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , p a id f o r l i c e n s e s , i f a n y , h e l d b y e m p l o y e e s a r e in c lu d e d . NOTE: D a sh es i n d i c a t e n o d a ta r e p o r t e d - h o lid a y s , o r d a ta th a t do n o t m e e t p u b lic a tio n and la te c r it e r ia . $4. 4. 4. 4. 21 76 24 69 - - 4. 58 44 8 50 9 33 17 9 32 3 . 50 2 . 68 2 .9 5 2 . 76 3. 33 3 . 40 193 317 14 4 820 115 236 179 105 96 185 116 31 20 19 92 112 6 84 38 65 3. 05 2 . 60 3. 07 2 .9 5 3. 41 3 . 37 2 .2 8 3 . 58 2 . 57 2 . 99 743 116 268 216 298 888 50 2 88 365 195 454 - $ 3 .0 7 2 . 62 - $4. 4. 4. 5. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 92 41 51 17 52 03 17 62 44 47 5. 5. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 5. 5. 4. 12 10 62 97 84 48 56 66 89 06 37 _ 38 _ 157 - 29 20 _ 10 38 $ 4 . 25 _ 5 . 19 - 3. 97 4 .0 3 4 . 53 4 . 07 87 12 38 25 18 105 _ 15 39 5. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 6. - - 47 s h if t s a s w e l l a s c o m m i s s i o n s p a id f o r th e s a l e s 04 36 05 90 66 06 56 01 4 . 42 129 246 102 590 90 192 103 86 102 603 177 151 230 58 7 343 60 270 110 339 $5. 4. 4. 5. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 02 43 49 22 57 03 10 60 85 5 . 18 - 4 . 82 4 . 93 4 . 93 4 . 72 4 . 59 4 . 66 5 .9 9 4 . 67 4 . 33 o f m a in te n a n c e c o n tr a c ts , 25 - 29 73 - $ 4 . 14 _ 4. 54 4 . 80 . 39 _ 39 - - 15 56 11 19 45 4 . 12 4 . 34 4. 54 3. 57 3 .9 7 14 _ - 53 _ 40 196 59 13 56 4. 5. 4. 4. 4. 5. - - 63 21 21 73 35 _ 15 46 20 - 68 p a r ts, 60 20 01 25 80 32 4 . 51 o r a p p lia n c e s . $ 2 . 90 j 3 . 42 _ 2 . 78 _ _ - 3 . 37 3 . 10 3 .2 2 3 .0 7 3. 66 _ 4 . 26 3. 44 3 . 09 P r e m iu m s ( D is t r i b u t i o n o f w o r k e r s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 in e l e c t r i c a l a p p l i a n c e r e p a i r f a c i l i t i e s , A rea A t l a n t a -------------------------------------B o s t o n -------------------------------------B u f f a l o ---------------------------- --------C h ic a g o — --------------------------------C i n c i n n a t i -------------------------------D a l l a s --------------------------------------D e n v e r -------------------------------------H a r t f o r d ----------------------------------I n d i a n a p o l i s ---------------------------K a n s a s C i t y ---------------------------L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h an d A n a h e im -S a n t a A n a G a r d e n G r o v e ----------------------M e m p h is ---------------------------------M i a m i ---------------------------------------M i n n e a p o l i s —S t . P a u l -----------N e w a r k a n d J e r s e y C i t y ------N e w Y o r k , N . Y . -------------------P h i l a d e l p h i a ---------------------------R ic h m o n d -------------------------------S a n F r a n c i s c o - O a k l a n d -------S t . L o u i s ---------------------------------W a s h in g t o n ------------------------------- N um A ver b er age of h o u r ly U nder w ork earn $ 2 . 60 in g s ers 286 214 160 972 135 238 339 141 107 236 $ 4 . 40 4 . 51 4 . 18 4 . 86 4. 17 4 . 01 3 .9 7 4 . 35 4 . 17 4 . 30 1, 4 0 3 98 193 226 282 1, 1 4 8 593 73 427 298 565 4 .9 2 4 . 03 4 . 18 4 . 69 4 . 56 4 . 35 4 . 36 3. 87 5 . 65 4 . 34 4. 36 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s o f— $ 2 . 60 an d u nd er $ 2 . 80 3 6 - _ - 3 2 3 14 - _ - 2 _ - - 10 - 28 3 3 $ 2 . 80 $ 3. 00 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 . 60 $ 3 . 80 $ 4 . 00 $ 4 . 20 $ 4 . 40 $ 4 . 60 $ 4 . 80 $ 5 . 00 $ 5 . 20 $ 5 . 40 $ 5 . 60 $ 5 . 8o $ 6 . 00 $ 6 .2 0 $ 6 .4 0 S 3 . 00 $ 3 . 20 $ 3 . 40 $ 3 . 60 $ 3 . 80 $ 4 . 00 $ 4 . 20 $ 4 . 40 $ 4 . 60 $ 4 . 80 $ 5 . 00 $ 5 .2 0 $ 5 . 40 $ 5 . 60 $ 5 . 80 $ 6 .0 0 $ 6 . 20 $ 6 . 40 $ 6 . 60 23 3 13 6 8 14 18 4 4 2 5 16 11 9 18 8 26 10 5 9 5 6 8 28 6 34 10 10 12 31 23 9 7 18 10 27 36 6 5 13 7 4 12 32 5 15 99 4 2 18 51 18 36 49 4 20 18 18 18 21 12 35 1 54 5 26 13 8 17 16 24 26 9 162 5 15 46 14 5 10 36 26 43 118 32 42 29 22 23 49 37 7 9 21 1 7 37 27 4 20 15 11 13 10 31 10 153 6 11 1 21 3 30 12 3 6 73 2 18 2 6 6 1 69 7 9 12 6 9 4 17 54 26 9 37 12 23 3 31 87 21 7 2 7 62 22 2 15 10 5 35 19 3 65 10 13 11 20 80 57 6 5 12 54 105 9 12 8 31 101 58 9 10 30 59 163 2 5 25 24 129 52 2 15 42 51 248 6 183 6 10 62 62 67 19 4 64 22 42 60 6 2 19 30 83 11 1 24 10 6 . 2 _ 20 2 _ 4 2 4 3 - - _ 6 18 4 10 2 4 6 3 _ _ _ _ 10 2 17 18 1 20 59 32 - - - 6 4 9 3 1 E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e an d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , p a id f o r l i c e n s e s , i f a n y , h e ld b y e m p l o y e e s a r e in c lu d e d . '$ 6 . 6 o ' and 8 13 8 3 22 60 28 7 9 13 4 21 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , S e p t e m b e r 1 9 7 2 ) h o li daanyds , l a t e _ 4 45 _ _ _ 42 20 13 26 5 219 3 13 6 92 3 24 2 37 19 4 _ 8 17 s h if t s a s w e l l a s c o m m i s s i o n s p a id f o r th e s a l e s _ 35 _ _ 152 1 3 _ 18 2 14 14 1 1 _ _ 3 _ 4 _ _ _ _ 5 1 1 _ _ _ 31 1 18 15 338 15 5 5 15 18 11 5 1 78 17 6 30 12 1 7 2 29 7 22 56 31 3 _ _ _ o f m a in te n a n c e c o n tr a c ts , _ _ _ _ p a r ts, 4 2 _ _ 1 over _ _ 3 3 _ _ _ 6 12 2 1 7 4 4 34 _ 2 11 8 4 6 90 4 1 1 4 15 2 2 _ _ o r a p p lia n c e s , 1 3 5 7 33 _ 8 P r e m iu m s N u m b e r of w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f— N unibe r of w orkers A t l a n t a -----------------------------------------------------------B o s t o n -----------------------------------------------------------C h i c a g o ---------------------------------------------------------C i n c i n n a t i -----------------------------------------------------D a l l a s ------------------------------------------------------------H a r t f o r d --------------------------------------------------------I n d i a n a p o l i s — ------------------------------------------------K a n s a s C i t y ---------------------------------------------------L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h a n d A n a h e i m — S a n t a A n a —G a r d e n G r o v e ----------------------M i a m i ------------------------------------------------------------M i n n e a p o l i s —S t. P a u l — N e w a r k an d J e r s e y C ity N e w Y o r k , N. Y. -------------P h i l a d e l p h i a ------------------R i c h m o n d ------------------------S a n F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d St. L o u i s ------------------------W a s h i n g t o n --------------------- *234567 hourly earnings 44 8 50 9 33 17 9 32 $3. 2. 3. 2. 2. 2. 3. 3. 07 62 50 68 95 76 33 40 116 31 20 19 92 112 6 84 38 65 3. 2. 3. 2. 3. 3. 2. 3. 2. 2. 05 60 07 95 41 37 28 58 57 99 Under $ 2 . 00 $ 2 . 00 an d under $ 2 . 10 1 32 2 - 3 42 $ 2 . 20 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 50 " $ 2 . 20 * $ 2 . 30 ' ' $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 50 " $ 2 . 60 2 1 - 4 - 5 2 _ - - - - - - - 1 2 _ - 2 4 - - - _ - 2 1 1 - 3 _ _ _ 15 2 7 1 7 6 8 14 1 2 10 9 _ _ 7 - _ - 3 - 2 1 6 2 6 . 7 3 1 2 3 2 2 3 _ _ 3 _ 32 _ _ - - 2 2 13 7 . _ _ . - 6 - 14 15 7 4 2 1 - 1 4 _ - 6 3 4 1 _ _ _ - 10 2 2 _ - ~ T ie a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , an d la t e s h ifts a s w e ll a s c o m m i s s i o n s p a i d f o r the s a l e s p a i d f o r l i c e n s e s , if a n y , h e l d b y e m p l o y e e s a r e i n c l u d e d . 2 No a p p r e n t i c e t e l e v i s i o n - r a d i o t e c h n i c i a n s w e r e r e p o r t e d in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s v i s i t e d in B uffalo, D e n v e r, an d M e m p h i s . 3 A l l w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 1 . 70 to $ 1 . 80. 4 A ll w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 1 .9 0 to $ 2 . 0 0 . 5 All w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 1 .8 0 to $ 1 . 9 0 . 6 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 1 a t $ 1 . 6 0 to $ 1 . 7 0 ; 2 a t $ 1 . 7 0 to $ 1 . 8 0 ; 2 a t $ 1 . 8 0 to $ 1 . 9 0 ; a n d 1 a t $ 1 . 9 0 to $ 2 . 0 0 . 7 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 1 a t $ 4 . 4 0 to $ 4 . 6 0 ; 4 a t $ 4 . 6 0 to $ 4 . 8 0 ; 7 a t $ 5 . 4 0 to $ 5 . 6 0 ; a n d 6 a t $ 5 . 6 0 a n d o v e r . $ 3 . 20 " $ 3 . 40 _ _ - $ 3 . 20 _ _ 3 $ 3 . 00 3 . - “ $ 3 . 00 _ 8 66 - $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 " $ 2 . 90 1 8 - 2 $ 2 . 70 $ 2 . 80 _ - - " _ _ - 4 4 $ 2 . 70 7 1 6 5 2 - - " _ _ - - $ 2 . 60 6 - - 52 $ 2 . 10 _ 3 5 1 6 $ 3 . 40 $ 3 . 60 $ 3 . 80 $ 4 . 00 $ 4 . 20 $ 4 . 00 - - and $ 3 . 60 $ 3 . 80 $ 4 . 20 $4 . 40 over 11 1 4 _ _ _ 2 4 1 2 3 1 3 19 3 3 1 4 16 16 1 2 5 10 13 _ _ _ - - _ 20 1 5 9 io f m a i n t e n a n c e 2 2 _ _ 6 4 1 _ 2 9 1 2 1 2 1 6 2 2 2 _ _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ 5 11 8 8 10 11 _ _ _ 2 13 _ 2 1 _ $ 4 . 40 _ .1 _ _ . . _ 4 - 9 3 . _ _ _ 8 2 1 _ _ . 1 20 12 3 _ . _ 3 _ 4 . 2 _ _ 71 8 _ 4 3 3 3 7 - contracts, _ _ _ _ p a rts , o r applian ces. P re m iu m s ( D i s t r i b u t i o n of w o r k e r s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s 1 in e l e c t r i c a l a p p l i a n c e r e p a i r f a c i l i t i e s , 21 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , S e p t e m b e r 1972) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s of— Num ber of w orkers A rea B u f f a l o ----------------------------------------------------------------------C h i c a g o --------------------------------------------------------------------C i n c i n n a t i ----------------------------------------------------------------D a l l a s ----------------------------------------------------------------------D e n v e r ----------------------------------------------------------------------H a r t f o r d -------------------------------------------------------------------I n d i a n a p o l i s ------------------------------------------------------------K a n s a s C i t y ------------------------------------------------------------L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h a n d A n a h e i m —S a n t a A n a —G a r d e n G r o v e ---------------------------------------------M e m p h i s -----------------------------------------------------------------M i a m i -----------------------------------------------------------------------M i n n e a p o l i s —S t. P a u l -------------------------------------------N e w a r k a n d J e r s e y C i t y --------------------------------------N e w Y o r k , N. Y . ----------------------------------------------------P h i l a d e l p h i a ------------------------------------------------------------R i c h m o n d ----------------------------------------------------------------S a n F r a n c i s c c m O a k l a n d ---------------------------------------S t . L o u i s ------------------------------------------------------------------W a s h i n g t o n -------------------------------------------------------------- A verage hourly earnings $ 3. 00 and under $ 3. 20 Under $ 3. 00 E a rn in g s d is trib u tio n : $3 .4 0 $ 3 . 60 $ 3. 80 $ 4 . 00 $ 4 . 20 $ 4 . 40 $ 4 . 60 $ 4 . 80 $ 5 . 00 $ 5 . 20 $ 5 . 40 $ 5 . 60 $ 5 . 80 $ 6 . 00 $ 6 . 20 $ 3 . 40 $ 3 . 60 $ 3 . 80 $ 4 . 00 $ 4 . 20 $ 4 . 40 $ 4 . 60 $ 4 . 80 $ 5 . 00 $ 5 . 20 $ 5 . 40 $ 5 . 60 $ 5 . 80 $ 6 . 00 $ 6 . 20 over 9 13 10 9 1 12 9 13 5 5 8 27 15 22 9 27 5 9 11 12 15 25 13 30 13 30 11 5 5 21 15 38 15 57 12 23 11 3 5 15 20 74 71 45 29 54 40 11 6 24 29 7 78 34 1 33 4 44 14 _ 13 34 64 10 9 _ 8 63 5 1 2 31 5 31 7 340 2 8 3 23 7 3 78 2 2 1 1 26 6 6 1 15 17 4 25 2 12 4 30 12 2 6 25 34 6 13 5 14 92 12 6 6 6 37 24 4 47 4 14 142 36 16 2 20 42 43 6 7 38 59 69 2 1 7 49 44 5 75 37 25 70 315 13 10 7 1 62 18 3 59 5 43 7 22 2 26 15 145 24 8 59 117 34 5 10 13 29 21 79 17 69 192 4 2 11 2 112 64 4 3 171 - 6 6 12 6 4 6 6 and 193 317 144 820 115 23 6 179 105 96 185 $4. 4. 4. 5. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 92 41 51 17 52 03 17 62 44 47 4 6 2 5 _ 6 6 6 5 11 _ _ 1 17 9 2 11 14 _ 4 23 10 1 2 4 4 20 36 2 5 3 47 5 6 2 24 13 6 4 20 743 116 268 21 6 298 888 502 88 365 195 454 5. 5. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 5. 5. 4. 12 10 62 97 84 48 56 66 89 06 37 2 2 _ 6 16 7 3 4 3 31 3 - 2 7 1 26 1 3 2 3 13 2 3 36 11 1 24 10 13 1 2 72 17 5 12 21 1 2 _ 2 _ _ _ - 7 - _ 6 17 11 1 E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , p a i d f o r l i c e n s e s , if a n y , h e l d b y e m p l o y e e s a r e i n c l u d e d . 2345 T a b le 5. $ 3. 20 holidays, and late shifts as w ell as com m issio n s p aid fo r the sales 3 49 5 7 1 26 11 of m a i n t e n a n c e _ 313 64 11 8 23 14 1 6 contracts, p arts, or appliances. P rem ium s E le c tric a l a p p lia n c e te c h n ic ia n s , a p p re n tic e ( D i s t r i b u t i o n o f w o r k e r s b y s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s 1 in e l e c t r i c a l a p p l i a n c e r e p a i r f a c i l i t i e s , 11 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , 2 S e p t e m b e r 1 9 7 2 ) N u m b e r of w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s of — Area B o s t o n ------------------------------------------------------------------------C h i c a g o --------------------- ------ ----------------------------------------------------------------D a l l a s ---------------------------------- -----L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h a n d A n a h e i m —S a n t a A n a —G a r d e n G r o v e ------------------------------------------------M i a m i --------------------------------------------------------------------------M i n n e a p o l i s —S t . P a u l ----------------------------------------------N e w Y o r k , N. Y . -----------------------------------------------------P h i l a d e l p h i a ---------------------------------------------------------------S a n F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d ------------------------------------------S t. L o u i s --------------------------------------------------------------------W a s h i n g t o n ----------------------------------------------------------------- Num ber of w orkers 39 39 14 63 21 21 73 35 15 46 20 A verage hourly earning $ 2 . 90 3. 42 2. 78 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 4. 3. 3. 37 10 22 07 66 26 44 09 1 E x c l u d e s p r e m u i m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , p a id f o r l i c e n s e s , if any, h e l d b y e m p l o y e e s a r e in clu d ed . 2 N o a p p r e n t i c e e l e c t r i c a l a p p l i a n c e t e c h n i c i a n s w e r e r e p o r t e d in sey C ity, a n d R ic h m o n d . 3 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 1 a t $ 4 . 4 0 to $ 4 . 6 0 ; 2 a t 4 W o r k e r s w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d a s f o l l o w s : 6 a t $ 1 . 8 0 to $ 1 . 9 0 ; a n d 5 A ll w o r k e r s w e r e a t $ 5 . 0 0 to $ 5 .2 0 . Under $ 2. 20 . _ - _ _ _ 1 _ 4 12 holidays, $ 2 .2 0 and under $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 30 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 . 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $ 3 . 00 $ 3 . 20 $ 3. 40 $ 3. 60 $ 3 . 80 $ 4 . 00 $ 4 . 20 $ 4 . 40 $ 2 . 40 $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 . 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 . 90 $ 3 . 00 $ 3, 20 $ 3 . 40 $ 3 . 60 $ 3. 80 $ 4 . 00 $ 4 . 20 $ 4 . 40 over _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 10 11 3 2 3 4 3 1 2 5 19 5 3 12 2 2 8 3 24 2 9 13 2 9 1 1 5 3 2 4 6 and 8 2 1 _ _ 9 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ " “ " _ 6 - 6 _ _ and late shifts esta b lis h m e n ts v isited 4 6 _ _ _ 3 a s w e ll as in A t l a n t a , $ 4 . 6 0 to $ 4 . 8 0 ; an d 5 a t $ 5 . 2 0 6 a t $ 2 . 0 0 to $ 2 . 1 0 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 _ 5 _ 3 6 _ 2 - _ _ _ 4 _ _ - c o m m is s io n s p aid fo r the Buffalo, to 2 $ 5 .4 0 . C incinnati, D enver, 1 8 4 _ sales - of m a i n t e n a n c e H artford, contracts, In d ian a p o lis, Kansas 1 15 5 1 8 2 2 11 2 11 3 1 1 4 l 5 2 2 1 3 38 5 12 - p arts, or ap p lian c es. C ity M e m p h is 1 P rem ium s N e w a r k and J e r M e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t 1 A t la n t a B o s to n B u ffa lo C in c in n a ti C h i cago D a lla s D enver Los A n g e le s M in n e - N e w a r k L ong B ea ch a p o lis — M em an d H a r t I n d ia n K a n s a s an d M ia m i S t. J ersey p h is fo r d C ity A n a h e im — a p o li s Paul C ity S a n ta A n a G ard en G rove N ew Y ork, N . Y. P h ila d e lp h ia S an R ic h F r a n m ond c is c o — O a k la n d S t. L o u is W a sh in g to n A l l w o r k e r s ----------------------------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 T im e - r a t e d w o r k e r s -----------------------------I n d iv id u a l d e t e r m i n a t i o n ----------------R a n g e o f r a t e s - m e r i t r e v i e w ---------R a n g e o f r a t e s -a u to m a tic p r o g r e s s i o n b a s e d on l e n g t h o f s e r v i c e — R a n g e o f r a t e s - c o m b i n a t i o n ----------S in g l e r a t e s ---------------------------------------- 99 31 2 98 74 4 99 46 _ 93 21 8 97 33 ( 2) 94 29 14 98 36 14 99 84 7 92 34 2 94 42 1 98 40 6 88 31 2 96 27 21 92 38 - 99 38 ( 2) 99 51 ( 2) 98 37 7 92 32 3 99 30 - 90 53 - 95 48 5 11 49 7 18 _ 1 39 _ 15 4 50 11 5 48 10 2 41 9 1 45 2 1 7 4 43 10 29 22 ( 2) 6 39 6 12 42 1 2 40 6 5 45 3 50 3 7 35 3 10 41 1 12 57 - 11 58 14 1 22 29 6 7 I n c e n t i v e w o r k e r s ---------------------------------G r o u p b o n u s --------------------------------------F l a t - r a t e h o u r s --------------------------------G r o u p p i e c e --------------------------------------F l a t - r a t e p e r c e n t a g e o f th e l a b o r c o s t c h a r g e d to th e c u s t o m e r ----I n d iv id u a l b o n u s p l a n s --------------------- 1 - 2 - ( 2) 7 ( 2) 3 - 6 - 2 - 1 - 8 - 6 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 2 - 12 7 - 4 - 8 - 1 - ( 2) - 2 - 8 - ( 2) - 10 9 - 5 - 1 2 ( 2) " 1 6 1 2 6 2 1 ( 2) 7 - 2 1 5 4 ( 2) “ 1 1 8 ( 2) 1 " 3 5 1 ■ “ 3 2 “ 100 1 S e e a p p e n d ix A f o r d e f i n it i o n o f m e th o d o f w a g e p a y m e n t. 2 L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , su m s o f in d iv id u a l i t e m s m a y n o t e q u a l t o t a l s . " - 100 100 A t la n ta B o sto n C in c in n a ti C h ic a g o B u f f a lo D a lla s H a r t fo r d D enver I n d ia n a p o li s K an sas C ity M in im u m r a t e 1 E le c T e le T e le tr ic a l v is io n v is io n a p p li r a d io r a d io ance te ch te ch te ch n ic i a n s n ic i a n s n ic i a n s E le c E le c T e le T e le t r ic a l t r ic a l v is io n v is io n a p p li a p p li r a d io r a d io an ce an ce te c h te c h te c h te c h n ic i a n s n ic i a n s n ic i a n s n ic i a n s E le c T e le tr ic a l v is io n a p p li r a d io an ce te c h te c h n ic i a n s n ic i a n s E le c T e le t r ic a l v is io n a p p li r a d io an ce te ch te c h n ic i a n s n ic i a n s E le c T e le t r ic a l v is io n a p p li r a d io an ce te c h te c h n ic ia n s n ic i a n s E le c T e le tr ic a l v is io n a p p li r a d io an ce te c h te c h n ic i a n s n ic i a n s E le c E le c T e le T e le t r ic a l t r ic a l v is io n v is io n a p p li a p p li r a d io r a d io an ce an ce te c h te c h te c h te c h n ic i a n s n ic i a n s n ic i a n s n ic ia n s E le c tr ic a l a p p li an ce te c h n ic i a n s L os A n g e le s L ong B ea ch and A n a h e im — S a n ta A n a G ard en G rove E le c T e le tr ic a l v is io n a p p li r a d io an ce te c h te c h n ic i a n s n ic i a n s E s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d ie d -------------------------- 31 31 47 47 24 24 71 71 18 18 37 37 22 22 26 26 18 18 32 32 52 52 E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g a n e s t a b l i s h e d m i n i m u m ------------------------------------------------------------ 11 9 14 13 4 4 18 13 6 4 10 12 5 5 6 3 4 4 11 11 16 11 U n d e r $ 2 . 5 0 -------------------------------------------------- 1 1 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 1 - $ 2 . 50 $ 2 . 60 $ 2 . 70 $ 2 . 80 $ 2 .9 0 and and and and and u nd er und er und er u nd er und er $ 2 . 60 $ 2 . 70 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 -----------------------------------------------------■------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- _ 1 1 - . - _ _ 1 - _ - _ _ - _ - _ - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - 1 _ _ 1 - . . _ - 1 _ _ 1 - - - $ 3 .0 0 $ 3 . 10 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 . 30 $ 3 . 40 and and and and and u nd er u nd er u nd er u nd er u nd er $ 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 $ 3 .4 0 $ 3 . 50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ 1 - 1 - - - - 1 _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - 1 _ 1 _ 2 _ _ - _ _ 2 _ 2 _ - 2 1 - 3 _ - _ 1 1 1 - - $ 3 .5 0 $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 . 70 $ 3 .8 0 $ 3 . 90 and and and and and u nd er u nd er u nd er u nd er u nd er $ 3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3 . 80 $ 3 .9 0 $ 4 . 00 ------------------------------— ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 1 3 2 _ . . _ 1 _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ 2 - _ _ _ 1 1 1 - _ _ _ 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ - - - - - 1 - - - $ 4 . 00 $ 4 . 10 $ 4 . 20 $ 4 .3 0 $ 4 . 40 and and and and and u n d er u nd er u nd er u nd er u nd er $ 4 . 10 $ 4 .2 0 $ 4 . 30 $ 4 .4 0 $ 4 . 50 ----------- ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------ - _ _ _ - - - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - 1 $4. $4. $4. $4. $4. and and and and and u nd er u nd er u nd er u nd er u nd er $4. $4. $4. $4. $5. ------ ------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1 1 50 60 70 80 90 6 0 70 80 9 0 00 1 - - - _ - - - - - 3 2 - _ _ _ - - - - 1 1 1 - _ 2 1 1 2 1 - - - 1 1 - - 5 1 1 1 - - - - - " _ _ - _ _ 1 1 1 3 1 1 - - 1 - - - 1 1 - - 4 - - - - _ _ - - 1 1 2 1 - _ 2 3 1 - 2 1 - 1 1 . _ - - - - - 2 - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ - _ _ - _ " - - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ _ _ - _ - _ _ - - - - _ _ _ _ 1 _ - _ - _ _ „ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - _ _ _ - . 1 _ _ . 1 4 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - 1 2 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _ 1 1 - 1 1 4 2 4 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 _ _ 1 _ - _ _ - - 1 1 - - _ - - 1 1 1 - - - - - - . _ _ _ - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $ 5 . 00 a n d o v e r ---------------------------------------------- - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 N o f o r m a l m i n i m u m -----------------------------------------N o n e h ir e d -------------------------------■-----■--------------------- 16 4 8 14 21 12 8 26 15 5 9 11 41 12 16 42 10 2 5 9 17 10 7 18 12 5 5 12 15 5 11 12 11 3 5 9 13 8 6 15 27 9 11 30 M em phis M inne apolis — St. Paul M iam i New ark and Jersey C ity New York, N . Y. San F ran cisco— O akland R ich m ond P h ila delphia St. Louis W ash ington M i n i m u m r a t e 123 T ele v isio n radio tech nicians E s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d -------------------------E s ta b lis h m e n ts having an es ta b lis h e d m i n i m u m ----------------------------------------------------------- E lec E lec T ele trical trical visio n appli appli ra d io ance ance tech tech tech nicians nicians nicians T ele visionradio tech nicians E lec trical appli ance tech nicians T ele visionrad io tech nicians E lec trical appli ance tech nicians T ele visionradio tech nicians E lec trical ap p li ance tech nicians T ele visionrad io tech nicians E lec trical appli ance tech nicians T ele visionrad io tech nicians E lec trical appli ance tech nicians T ele visionradio tech nicians E lec trical appli ance tech nicians 26 26 54 54 13 9 28 39 39 33 33 116 116 64 64 18 18 37 37 5 9 6 9 7 13 6 9 11 3 3 11 9 5 2 - - - - - - 2 - _ - _ - _ - 1 1 1 - _ 1 _ - _ - _ - 1 1‘ " 1 _ - 1 1 2 - _ 3 - _ 1 2 2 1 1 2 - 1 1 - 1 1 1 - _ 1 - _ 1 3 - _ 1 - 3 7 - 1 $2. $2. $2. $2. $2. _ 1 _ 1 _ - 50 60 70 80 90 and and and and and under under under under under $ 2 .6 0 $2 .7 0 $ 2.80 $ 2 .9 0 $3.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 3 . 00 $3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 . 30 $ 3 . 40 and and and and and under under under under under $ 3 . 10 $ 3.20 $3 .3 0 $3 .4 0 $3. 5 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - " $3. $3. $3. $3. $3. 50 60 70 80 90 and and and and and under under under under under $3 .6 0 $ 3 .7 0 $ 3.80 $ 3.90 $4 .0 0 ----------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- _ 1 - $4. $4. $4. $4. $4. 00 10 20 30 40 and and and and and under under under under under $ 4 . 10 $ 4.20 $ 4 . 30 $ 4 . 40 $ 4 . 50 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- _ - $4. $4. $4. $4. $4. 50 60 70 80 90 and and and and and under under under under under $4. $4. $4. $4. $5. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 $ 5 . 0 0 a n d o v e r --------------------------------------------N o f o r m a l m i n i m u m ----------------------------------------N o n e h i r e d ----------------------------------------------------------- E lec trical appli ance tech nicians 28 - M i n i m u m e n t r a n c e r a t e r e f e r s to th e E s ta b lis h m e n ts had r a te s a s follow s: E s ta b lis h m e n ts had r a te s as follow s: T ele visionradio tech nicians 18 3 1 2 3 E lec trical appli ance tech nicians 18 U n d e r $ 2 . 5 0 ------------------------------------------------- 60 70 80 90 00 T ele visionra dio tech nicians _ - - " _ _ - - _ 1 " 1 1 1 1 - 1 - _ 1 1 - 1 - _ 1 1 1 - - - _ - 1 - _ - 2 - 2 - _ 1 - _ 1 1 - _ - - " _ 1 - _ 1 - _ 1 _ 1 - _ 1 - _ 1 - - - - - 1 _ _ 2 _ 2 - - - - - - _ 1 - " - - - - 14 1 8 7 _ - 18 3 - - - 1 1 7 16 24 6 10 23 - - 20 4 " 1 _ 1 _ - - - _ 1 2 1 _ 1 _ 1 - _ - _ - 1 1 _ " 2 3 . 3 _ 1 2 2 - _ 1 3 2 - _ 1 - _ 1 - _ - _ - - - _ - - - _ - 1 1 1 - - _ - _ - _ - _ - 4 1 - 2 - _ - 1 - 1 - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ 1 - 1 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - 1 ' 2 2 - - 1 - 1 1 - - 31 10 13 32 - - " - - - 1 - - 4 22 67 36 42 68 low est fo rm a l hiring ra te established for jou rn ey m a n tec hnicians. 1 a t $ 5 . 2 0 to $ 5 . 3 0 ; 3 a t $ 5 . 9 0 to $ 6 . 0 0 ; 1 a t $ 6 . 1 0 to $ 6 . 2 0 a n d 1 a t 2 a t $ 5 . 5 0 to $ 5 . 6 0 ; 1 a t $ 5 . 9 0 t o $ 6 . 0 0 a n d 2 a t $ 6 . 1 0 t o $ 6 . 2 0 . - 47 8 $ 7 . 0 0 to 19 34 $ 7 .10. 14 1 4 11 _ " - _ - 1 _ _ - - 26 35 17 9 6 22 1 14 7 12 12 W eekly h o u rs 1 A l l w o r k e r s --------------------- ------ -------U n d e r 3 7 V2 h o u r s -------------------------------------4 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------4 V2 d a y s ------------------------------------------------5 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------6 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------3 7 V2 h o u r s -------------------------------------------------5 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 7 V2 h o u r s a n d u n d e r 4 0 h o u r s ----5 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------4 0 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------4 V2 d a y s ------------------------------------------------5 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------5 V2 d a y s ------------------------------------------------6 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 0 h o u r s a n d u n d e r 45 h o u r s ------5 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------5 V2 d a y s ------------------------------------------------6 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------45 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------------5 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------5V2 d a y s ------------------------------------------------6 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------O v e r 45 h o u r s a n d u n d e r 4 8 h o u r s -------5 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------6 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------48 h o u r s ------------------------------------------------------5 d a y s --------------------1-------------------------------6 d a y s 3 ---------------------------------------------------O v e r 48 h o u r s ------------------------------------------5 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------6 d a y s ----------------------------------------------------- 1 2 3 A tlanta B o sto n B uffalo 100 . _ . _ . _ _ _ 84 84 . _ 8 8 _ _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ 5 _ 5 1 1 100 1 (2 ) _ (2 ) _ _ _ 98 . 98 _ _ 1 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ 1 _ 100 _ _ _ _ 3 3 _ _ 85 1 83 1 _ 1 1 _ . _ _ _ _ . 11 4 7 _ _ - ' _ C hi cago 100 _ _ _ _ 2 2 . . 90 88 _ 3 4 1 3 (2 ) 1 1 1 1 _ 1 _ 1 (2 ) - C in cin D allas nati 100 _ _ _ _ 8 8 _ . 67 67 _ _ 9 1 8 _ 2 2 _ 7 _ 7 5 _ 5 1 1 - 100 _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ 91 - 91 _ _ 4 1 3 _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ 3 3 _ _ Denver H art ford 100 100 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 56 56 _ _ 24 14 10 _ _ _ _ _ . 20 20 _ _ . _ 1 1 _ 86 86 _ _ 4 1 3 _ 3 3 _ _ _ _ 6 _ 6 Los A ngelesLong B eac h and Indian K ansas apolis City A naheim S a n t a AnarG arden Grove 100 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 82 - 82 _ _ 14 _ 4 10 3 _ _ 3 _ _ 2 _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - D a t a r e l a t e to th e p r e d o m i n a n t w o r k s c h e d u le f o r f u l l - t i m e d a y s h if t w o r k e r s in e a c h e s t a b l i s h m e n t . L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t . I n c lu d e s w o r k e r s a t 4 6 . 0 h o u r s , 5 . 8 d a y s s c h e d u le d w o r k w e e k . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l i t e m s m a y n o t e q u a l 1 0 0 . 100 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . 89 89 _ _ 9 3 2 4 1 1 _ _ _ _ 1 _ 1 100 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 82 - 82 _ _ 5 _ 4 1 (2 ) (2 ) _ _ _ _ 13 _ 13 M em phis M iam i 100 100 _ _ . _ 6 6 _ _ 79 79 _ _ 15 7 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ . _ . _ _ _ - - - 1 _ . _ _ _ _ _ . 86 86 _ _ 7 . 7 _ _ _ _ _ M inne N ew ark New apolis— and York, St. Jersey N. Y. Paul City 100 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 97 _ 97 _ _ (2 ) (2 ) 100 _ _ _ _ 3 3 _ _ 85 . 85 _ _ 7 1 4 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ . 5 _ 5 3 _ 3 3 . 3 (2 ) _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ 1 1 _ 1 1 _ _ _ (2 ) 1 - P h il a R ic h delphia m ond 100 100 100 1 _ 1 6 _ 1 _ 1 1 _ _ 89 _ 89 (2 ) 2 2 (2 ) (2 ) 92 _ 92 W ash in g to n 100 100 _ 6 . 4 4 _ _ 83 _ 83 _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 5 75 _ 75 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 93 _ 93 _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ 100 _ 96 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ . _ _ _ - - - - _ _ 3 1 1 _ _ . . _ 1 (2 ) (2 ) 6 1 5 _ _ St. Louis 100 3 _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ 2 San F ranciscoO akland _ _ _ 19 11 8 _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ 2 _ 2 _ _ (2 ) 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ 4 1 3 (2 ) r) ( P e r c e n t o f s e r v i c e t e c h n i c i a n s a n d a p p r e n t i c e s in e l e c t r i c a l a p p lia n c e r e p a i r f a c i l i t i e s w ith p r o v i s i o n s f o r d a il y o r w e e k ly o v e r t i m e , b y r a t e o f p a y an d h o u r s a f t e r w h ic h e f f e c t i v e , 21 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , S e p t e m b e r 1 9 7 2 ) I te m A t la n ta B o s t o n B u f fa lo C h i cago C in c in D a lla s n a ti D enver H a r t fo r d L os A n g e le s '" Long B ea ch I n d ia n K a n s a s an d a p o li s C ity A n a h e im S a n ta A n a G ard en G rove M em p h is M ia m i San F ran c is c o — O a k la n d S t. L o u is W ash in g to n _ 58 48 52 M in n e N e w a r k N ew a p o lis — and P h ila R ic h Y ork, J ersey d e lp h ia m o n d S t. N . Y. P aul C ity D a ilv o v e r t im e T im e a n d o n e - h a l f e f f e c t i v e a f t e r : L e s s th a n 8 h o u r s ---------------------------8 h o u r s -----------------------------------------------O th e r -------------------------------------------------------N o p r e m iu m p a y — --------------------------------- _ 31 - 69 _ 72 28 _ 62 38 . 83 17 _ 60 40 _ 82 18 . 59 41 _ 56 44 . 47 1 52 3 77 53 _ 48 52 _ 87 - _ 79 - . 95 - - . 94 2 93 - 82 - _ _ _ . 95 1 - 91 - 2 81 17 . 80 20 _ 63 37 _ 47 _ _ 93 2 _ _ - 5 13 - 1 70 29 84 62 - - - 20 (M 53 47 42 16 38 . 90 - . 3 92 - (*) 2 84 1 (*) 1 94 - . 90 - - 94 - 92 3 - _ - - 4 6 - - - - - - 4 13 2 10 6 5 - W e e k ly o v e r t i m e T im e an d o n e - h a l f e f f e c t i v e a f t e r : L e s s th a n 3 7 h o u r s ----------------------37 V2 h o u r s ----------------------------------------4 0 h o u r s --------------------------------------------O v e r 4 0 a n d u n d e r 4 5 h o u r s ---------------4 5 a n d u n d e r 4 8 ---------------------------------4 8 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------O t h e r --------------------------------------------------------N o p r e m i u m p a y ------------------------------------- 1 L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t . _ _ _ - - - 98 - 93 - 95 - _ - - 95 2 1 _ _ _ - 4 - _ - 2 7 1 3 - _ - - 21 5 9 - _ - (M - 4 4 7 18 1 n 2 - 93 - 7 N u m b e r o f p a id h o li d a y s 1 A l l w o r k e r s ---------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id in g p a id h o li d a y s --------------------------------------2 d a y s ---------- ------------------- ------------------3 d a y s ------------------------------------------------4 d a y s ------------------------------------------------5 d a y s ------------------------------------------------6 d a y s ------------------------------------------------7 d a y s --------------------■----------------------------8 d a y s --------------------------------------- ■ --------9 d a y s ------------------------------------------------10 d a y s -----------------------------------------------11 d a y s -----------------------------------------------12 d a y s -----------------------------------------------13 d a y s -----------------------------------------------O v e r 13 d a y s ------------------------------------------- A t la n ta B o s t o n B u f fa lo C in c in D a lla s n a ti D enver H a r t fo r d M in n e N e w a r k a p o lis — an d S t. J ersey Paul C ity 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 1 44 93 36 9 30 18 - 99 - 4 27 14 1 2 - 99 11 2 17 40 14 16 1 100 36 8 23 33 - 97 1 20 14 10 30 22 - 99 5 43 27 13 11 - 99 6 29 28 31 4 - 99 3 29 44 24 - 96 2 41 4 32 14 3 - 95 1 2 31 4 1 54 2 _ - 95 3 20 14 35 24 - 95 3 40 18 26 10 - 99 _ 2 15 8 33 34 _ 4 3 - - - - - - ' - - - 94 26 8 54 6 1 - - - - (2 ) 7 (2 ) ■ 3 1 (2 ) 4 6 5 5 5 6 (2 > 30 5 50 12 1 1 B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l i t e m s m a y n o t e q u a l t o t a l s . M ia m i 100 P a i d h o li d a y s w e r e l i m i t e d to f u ll d a y s . L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: M em p h is 100 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id in g n o p a id h o l i d a y s ----------------------------------- 1 2 C h i cago L os A n g e le s L ong B ea ch I n d ia n K a n s a s an d C ity A n a h e im — a p o li s S a n ta A n a G ard en G rove 1 N ew Y ork, N . Y. P h i l a R ic h d e lp h ia m o n d San F ran c is c o — O a k la n d S t. L o u is 100 100 99 _ _ _ 11 12 30 36 9 1 (2 ) 100 _ _ 3 30 5 7 53 3 _ _ _ 100 _ _ _ 37 4 53 6 _ _ _ _ - (2 ) - - - - 1 1 " - 4 " 100 100 96 _ 1 (2 ) 16 21 37 18 _ _ 2 _ W ash in g to n 100 100 100 _ . . 8 45 24 10 13 _ _ _ _ 100 1 1 1 7 31 19 27 12 (2 ) . _ - V a c a tio n P o lic y A ll w o r k e r s ------------------------------------ A t la n ta B o s t o n B u f fa lo C h i cago C in c in D a lla s n a ti D enver H a r t fo r d Los A n g e le s L ong B ea ch an d M em I n d ia n K a n s a s p h is a p o li s C ity A n a h e im — S a n ta A n a — G ard en G rove M ia m i San M in n e N e w a r k N ew P h ila R ic h F r a n a p o lis — an d Y ork, d e lp h ia m o n d c i s c o S t. J ersey N . Y. O a k la n d C ity Paul S t. L o u is W ash in g to n 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 99 98 1 - 97 97 - 99 99 - 100 100 - 97 96 1 90 88 1 - 97 97 - 93 93 - 97 97 - 100 97 3 - 93 93 - 99 94 5 88 88 - 100 100 - 99 98 1 - 98 98 - 100 100 - 96 96 - 100 100 - 98 97 1 10 3 7 3 7 1 12 “ 1 2 * 4 - 2 (3 ) 12 8 - 29 7 “ 22 - 8 17 9 1 11 - 3 - 5 17 - 4 16 4 7 - 4 29 2 1 3 31 1 5 5 - 7 - 7 7 (3 ) - 17 - 39 (3 ) 50 20 74 - 35 61 1 35 65 37 62 - 37 1 49 - 32 67 37 60 16 84 2 46 47 - 24 68 - 42 4 54 - 3 33 3 59 - - - * - - 3 67 24 - 52 7 38 - M e th o d o f p a y m e n t W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r o v id in g p a id v a c a t i o n -----------------------------------------L e n g t h - o f - t i m e p a y m e n t ------------P e r c e n t a g e p a y m e n t --------------------O th e r -----------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v i d i n g n o p a id v a c a t i o n ------------------------------------ - (3 ) 3 (3 ) - 3 9 10 2 11 - 21 - A m o u n t o f v a c a t io n p a y 1 A f te r 6 m o n t h s s e r v i c e : U n d e r 1 w e e k -------------------------------------1 w e e k --------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ----------------2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------- 21 2 1 20 8 5 14 - A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e : U n d e r 1 w e e k --------------------------------------1 w e e k --------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------- 60 38 36 61 - (3 ) 29 1 67 2 25 75 - 41 _ 59 - - 23 3 59 11 A fte r 2 y e a r s of s e r v ic e : U n d e r 1 w e e k --------------------------------------1 w e e k --------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------- 16 _ 84 - 17 _ 82 - 21 76 - 5 1 91 2 12 88 - 10 3 73 11 6 (3 ) 83 - 3 3 3 88 - 12 81 - 6 89 1 1 12 88 - 10 83 - 10 89 - 20 64 5 14 86 - 12 87 (3 ) 27 1 70 - 5 95 - 6 1 88 (3 ) 3 19 1 76 - 8 (3 ) 82 7 14 1 82 2 " 14 86 " 15 82 " 1 1 93 3 2 _ 5 95 " 9 3 74 11 ' (3 ) 89 " 6 90 1 ' 8 85 “ 5 91 1 1 ■ 6 93 1 - 6 86 ■ 10 84 5 “ 10 73 5 (3 ) 3 97 “ 9 86 1 3 ~ 16 1 81 - 5 95 - 1 94 - 13 87 " 3 (3 ) 86 7 1 11 67 13 8 - 3 75 22 - 11 82 4 - 100 - 5 3 78 11 2 81 5 (3 ) 4 85 1 9 - 6 1 90 (3 ) - - 9 79 11 - 1 94 5 - - 6 90 1 2 - 6 86 - - 4 89 - 2 91 4 1 - 87 3 - 1 3 76 17 - - (3 ) 1 86 4 8 (3 ) - 5 95 - 72 22 2 13 80 7 - 3 83 (3 ) 10 1 3 21 11 18 18 5 3 25 37 (3 ) 52 1 34 4 19 2 35 6 28 6 29 1 32 4 33 23 - 70 67 - - - - - 62 (3 ) 10 40 (3 ) 49 3 30 - 6 24 (3 ) 67 5 19 57 2 20 5 61 ' 4 ~ (3 ) “ - A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e : 1 w e e k --------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------A fte r 5 y e a r s of s e r v ic e : 1 w e e k -------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 an d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------3 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 an d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ---------------4 w e e k s -------------------------------------------------A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : 1 w e e k -------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 an d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and u n d e r 4 w e e k s ---------------4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------- 11 22 1 65 - - - - - 66 69 - - (3 ) 1 15 1 81 1 9 - - - - 82 - 53 11 - - - 59 1 - - 56 1 9 20 1 63 5 2 - " - 65 - - - - - (3 ) " - - 76 65 - - - - “ 8 - - 55 - 10 A t la n ta B o s t o n B u f fa lo V a c a tio n p o lic y C h i cago C in c in D a lla s n a ti D enver L os A n g e le s Long B ea ch H a r t I n d ia n K a n s a s and M em fo r d C ity a p o li s A n a h e im p h is S a n ta A n a— G ard en G rove M ia m i M in n e N e w a r k San N ew an d a p o lis — P h ila R ic h F ra n Y ork, S t. Jersey d e lp h ia m o n d c i s c o N . Y. P aul C ity O a k la n d S t. L o u is W a sh in g to n A m o u n t o f v a c a t io n p a y 1---- C o n tin u e d A f t e r 15 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : 1 w e e k ---------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 an d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ----------------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ---------------4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s ---------------- 11 22 51 16 3 21 52 24 11 14 56 16 - - - A f t e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : 1 w e e k -------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------3 w e e k s ----------------------- -----------------------O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ---------------4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s ---------------5 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------- 11 22 6 61 - 3 21 29 47 - - - A f t e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : 1 w e e k -------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ---------------4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s ---------------5 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------- 11 _ 22 6 _ 61 - 3 21 29 45 2 26 _ 45 1 11 22 3 21 11 14 A fte r 30 y e a r s o f s e r v i c e : 2 1 w e e k -------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 a n d u n d e r 2 w e e k s ---------------2 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 a n d u n d e r 3 w e e k s ---------------3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 a n d u n d e r 4 w e e k s ---------------4 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 4 a n d u n d e r 5 w e e k s ---------------5 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------O v e r 5 a n d u n d e r 6 w e e k s ---------------6 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------- (3 ) 1 13 1 74 1 9 - 18 50 32 11 14 26 45 1 (3 ) 1 13 1 18 1 66 - 18 18 64 - - 11 14 - - - - 6 47 14 29 30 17 - - 26 30 16 - * ‘ 5 3 24 46 8 11 37 (3 ) 42 11 37 (3 ) 17 35 - - 5 3 22 7 50 11 - (3 ) 1 13 1 18 1 61 2 3 18 18 63 (3 ) 5 3 21 7 45 11 4 37 (3 ) 17 _ 27 8 (3 ) 1 13 1 18 1 57 2 7 - 18 18 31 33 - 5 3 21 7 38 12 11 37 (3 ) 17 16 19 - - ' . 1 34 52 9 - 4 17 49 24 2 33 47 1 14 - 1 34 16 45 - 4 17 13 60 - - " 1 34 16 45 - 13 60 - - - 2 4 17 - 4 - - 34 16 40 4 - 17 13 36 24 - ■ 10 - 1 32 36 31 - 4 33 43 (3 ) 19 - 6 24 45 23 5 19 70 6 20 _ 64 _ 11 - - - 9 _ 14 14 5 56 - 2 15 5 12 . 54 - 1 32 11 _ 56 - 4 _ 33 _ 23 (3 ) 39 _ 6 _ 24 _ 7 . 60 _ - - - - - . _ 20 _ 15 _ 57 _ 3 10 _ 38 - 5 _ 19 _ _ _ 72 _ 4 - - 6 29 56 1 9 _ 14 _ 8 5 62 _ 2 _ 15 5 12 _ 1 _ 32 _ 11 _ 56 - 6 _ 24 _ 7 _ - - 5 _ 19 _ _ _ 72 _ 4 _ _ 20 _ 15 _ 36 _ 24 10 _ 38 _ 13 _ - 4 _ 33 _ 23 (3 ) 37 _ 1 3 _ 27 _ 14 _ 49 _ 5 6 9 _ 14 _ 8 5 38 . 24 1 _ 32 _ 11 _ 26 _ 30 - 4 . 33 _ 23 (3 ) 19 _ 19 . 6 _ 24 _ 7 _ 37 _ 23 _ 5 _ 19 _ _ _ 64 _ 8 _ 4 _ _ 20 _ 15 _ 36 _ 24 _ 10 _ 38 . 13 _ 27 _ 12 _ 3 _ 27 _ 14 _ 37 _ 17 _ - - - 6 29 42 1 14 9 14 1* 45 5 24 - 6 28 53 13 - - - 2 33 13 1 48 - 6 28 2 64 - 6 29 56 1 - - 2 33 13 1 40 8 6 28 2 _ 61 3 2 6 - - - - 33 13 1 26 22 28 2 51 _ 13 - 29 _ _ 42 1 14 - - " - - " 2 15 5 57 - '36 18 2 - 15 5 12 _ 28 _ 26 - “ - 59 _ 1 - 10 38 _ 16 36 - 13 _ 39 39 _ - 3 30 . 39 27 3 . 27 16 _ 52 _ V a c a t i o n p a y m e n t s , s u c h a s p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s , w e r e c o n v e r t e d to a n e q u iv a l e n t t i m e b a s i s , p e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e w e r e a r b i t r a r i l y c h o s e n a n d d o n o t n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n . F o r e x a m p l e , c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s i n d i c a t e d a t 10 y e a r s m a y i n c l u d e c h a n g e s o c c u r r i n g b e t w e e n 5 a n d 10 y e a r s . 2 V a c a t i o n p r o v i s i o n s w e r e v i r t u a l l y th e s a m e a f t e r lo n g e r p e r i o d s o f s e r v i c e . 3 L e s s th a n 0 . 5 p e r c e n t . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l t i m e s m a y n o t e q u a l t o t a ls , T y p e o f p la n 1 A l l w o r k e r s ---------------------------------- A t la n ta B o s t o n B u f f a lo C h i cago C in c in D a lla s n a ti D enver H a r t fo r d L os A n g e le s L ong B ea ch and I n d ia n K a n s a s C ity A n a h e im a p o li s S a n ta Ana^G ard en G rove M em p h is M ia m i M in n e N e w a r k N ew a p o lis — P h ila an d Y ork, d e lp h ia S t. Jersey N . Y. Paul C ity R ic h m ond San F ran c is c o — O a k la n d S t. L o u is W ash in g to n 10 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 10 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 96 29 79 40 74 38 95 24 76 46 62 44 76 43 85 26 79 42 82 42 81 37 82 19 89 44 84 44 79 55 71 53 81 47 92 24 69 22 84 51 84 40 44 20 64 36 34 28 36 21 27 19 49 40 59 41 51 9 30 27 31 18 78 34 27 16 83 38 65 44 68 45 57 40 48 40 21 14 63 17 35 12 71 29 84 58 81 86 85 83 57 67 81 71 46 69 83 83 79 77 68 82 75 78 76 25 16 49 31 39 9 28 15 41 41 36 27 20 20 67 12 26 24 32 20 9 6 4 2 31 22 55 34 51 36 31 31 37 35 16 11 13 4 51 26 38 25 48 31 77 22 . 42 41 32 39 40 25 42 17 38 24 47 50 33 23 43 52 35 3 87 54 87 54 50 46 51 21 34 34 20 53 93 26 93 26 46 26 93 28 69 69 10 (4 ) 3 30 89 52 89 52 57 43 77 42 70 70 35 ■35. 91 35 92 35 90 33 90 38 64 64 9 2 5 16 76 19 76 19 62 17 74 19 55 55 17 - 39 82 40 82 40 45 39 78 37 76 76 17 26 84 42 82 40 48 39 78 37 31 31 12 1 90 40 90 40 90 40 88 39 30 30 7 51 88 19 88 19 44 16 88 19 17 17 4 43 89 39 89 39 81 30 87 38 72 72 32 32 92 47 92 47 71 46 91 47 58 52 9 7 6 9 81 55 81 55 67 47 68 42 41 41 16 11 16 85 66 85 66 55 52 71 54 65 64 31 2 10 29 85 48 85 49 84 47 76 40 69 68 28 1 12 53 92 28 92 28 37 25 92 28 69 69 13 6 31 84 40 84 40 84 40 84 40 54 54 8 6 88 54 88 54 88 54 64 31 65 62 46 3 1 28 95 36 95 36 93 34 90 31 61 59 26 2 4 W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p r o v id in g ; L if e i n s u r a n c e ---------------------------------N o n c o n t r ib u t o r y p l a n s ---------------A c c i d e n t a l d e a th a n d d i s m e m b e r m e n t i n s u r a n c e -----------------------------N o n c o n t r ib u t o r y p l a n s ---------------S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r s i c k l e a v e o r b o t h 2 -----------------S ic k n e s s an d a c c id e n t i n s u r a n c e ----------------------------------N o n c o n t r ib u t o r y p l a n s ----------S ic k l e a v e ( f u ll p a y , n o w a i t i n g p e r i o d ) ------------------------S ic k l e a v e ( p a r t i a l p a y o r w a i t i n g p e r i o d ) ---------------------------H o s p i t a l i z a t i o n i n s u r a n c e -------------N o n c o n t r ib u t o r y p l a n s ---------------S u r g ic a l i n s u r a n c e --------------------------N o n c o n t r ib u t o r y p l a n s ---------------M e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e ---------------------------N o n c o n t r ib u t o r y p la n s —------------M a j o r m e d i c a l i n s u r a n c e -------------N o n c o n t r ib u t o r y p l a n s ---------------R e t i r e m e n t p la n s 3 --------------------------P e n s i o n s --------------------------------------N o n c o n t r ib u t o r y p la n s — -----S e v e r a n c e p a y ---------------------------N o p l a n s ----------------------------------------------- 1 q u ir e d 2 3 4 29 99 35 99 35 59 26 95 29 67 67 25 12 90 41 90 41 86 37 89 41 67 67 32 - - - 1 7 6 - 8 82 20 82 20 57 20 78 19 55 55 12 - - - - - - - 18 9 11 14 7 12 11 - 11 I n c lu d e s o n ly t h o s e p la n s f o r w h ic h th e e m p l o y e r p a y s a t l e a s t p a r t o f th e c o s t an d e x c l u d e s l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d p la n s s u c h a s w o r k m a n ' s c o m p e n s a t io n an d s o c i a l s e c u r i t y ; h o w e v e r , p la n s r e b y th e S t a t e t e m p o r a r y d i s a b i l i t y i n s u r a n c e la w s a r e in c lu d e d i f th e e m p l o y e r c o n t r ib u t e s m o r e th a n i s l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d o r i f th e e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e b e n e f i t s e x c e e d i n g l e g a l r e q u i r e m e n t s . U n d u p lic a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c k l e a v e o r s i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . U n d u p lic a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s c o v e r e d b y p e n s io n s o r r e t i r e m e n t s e v e r a n c e p a y s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y . L e s s th a n 0. 5 p e r c e n t . T ype of b e n e fit1 A tla n ta B o s t o n B u f fa lo C in c in D a lla s n a ti C h i ca g o D enver H a r t fo r d Los A n g e le s L ong B ea ch I n d ia n K a n s a s an d C ity a p o li s A n a h e im S a n ta A n a G ard en G rove M em p h is M ia m i M in n e N e w a r k N ew a p o lis — an d Y ork, S t. J ersey N . Y. Paul C ity P h i l a R ic h d e lp h ia m o n d S an F ran c is c o — O a k la n d S t. L o u is W ash in g t o n W o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith p r o v is io n s fo r : F u n e r a l l e a v e p a y ------------------------------J u r y d u ty p a y ------------------------------- -------C o m m i s s i o n s p a id to t e c h n i c i a n s f o r th e s a l e o f— M a i n t e n a n c e c o n t r a c t s ----------------P a r t s ------ ----------------------------------------A p p l i a n c e s ( in c lu d in g t e l e v i s i o n s , r a d i o s , e t c . ) -----------------F u r n i s h i n g s a n d /o r c l e a n i n g w o r k c l o t h i n g o r p a y in g a t l e a s t p a r t o f th e c o s t t h e r e o f --------------------------F o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p t r a in i n g p ro g ra m fo r — T e l e v i s i o n - r a d i o t e c h n i c i a n s ----E le c t r ic a l a p p lia n c e t e c h n i c i a n s ---------------------------------- 66 81 53 52 63 76 75 76 77 80 65 75 41 47 44 40 74 80 62 79 53 71 65 62 67 82 77 76 77 69 63 62 60 59 75 79 56 56 44 48 51 51 34 3 34 - 52 11 16 56 39 27 63 46 26 6 33 4 64 56 60 12 57 1 7 59 13 23 24 52 6 51 30 55 14 57 - 39 1 20 3 42 9 3 4 7 4 16 2 3 16 6 2 5 9 6 6 5 6 2 10 15 69 77 41 66 50 62 70 80 50 74 36 68 76 71 60 53 28 63 46 67 34 18 9 12 35 48 5 58 30 52 58 55 46 29 48 35 49 63 30 17 49 35 18 12 11 36 50 11 11 22 42 44 19 45 26 45 32 49 59 29 21 53 59 ( N u m b e r of j o b o p e n i n g s 1 f o r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i i and n u m b e r re m a in in g unfilled fo r 1 m onth o r lo n g er, B oston Atlanta B uffalo e le ctrica l appliance C hicago re p a ir facilities, 21 s e l e c t e d a r e a s , C in c i i n n a t i S e p t e m b e r 1972) D allas Deriv e r O ccupation T e l e v i s i o n - r a d i o t e c h n i c i a n s ----- - ----T e le v is io n - radio technicians, apprentice ---------------------------------------------E l e c t r i c a l a p p l i a n c e t e c h n i c i a n s ------------E le c tric a l appliance technicians, apprentice ------------------------------------------------ Numb er of jo b openings Numbe r rem aining unfilled fo r 1 m onth or longer Num ber of jo b openings Numbe r re m aining unfilled for 1 m onth or lo n g e r 23 17 14 11 8 10 - 7 2 10 2 6 12 7 2 - - H artford T e l e v i s i o n - r a d i o t e c h n i c i a n s ------------------T e le v is io n -ra d io tec hnicians, ; a p p r e n t i c e -----------------------------------------------E l e c t r i c a l a p p l i a n c e t e c h n i c i a n s ------------E le c tr ic a l ap p lian ce tec h n ic ian s, a p p r e n t i c e --------------------------- 7------------- — F u ll-tim e openings av a ilab le Num ber r e m a ining unfilled fo r 1 m onth o r lon g er Numbe r of jo b openings N um ber rem aining unfilled for 1 m onth or longer Num ber of jo b openings Numbe r rem aining unfilled for 1 m onth or longer 6 5 92 46 6 - - - 1 5 2 - 3 11 9 2 2 6 2 - Los A n g e le s Long B each and A naheim — Santa Ana— G arden G rove K a n s a s C ity Indiana polis Numbe r rem ain in g unfilled for 1 m onth or lo n g er Numbe r of j ob openings Numbe r re m aining unfilled for 1 m onth or Jonger Numbe r of j ob openings 29 24 42 3 17 1 16 - - 4 1 - 10 M inneapolis— M iam i M em phis 2 8 3 13 3 185 12 80 58 14 8 24 20 8 1 - - 8 2 - 40 92 2 8 1 20 1 3 2 2 10 11 10 7 2 8 2 8 - - - - - ~ 3 3 ■ ■ 2 New York, N, Y. N e w ark and J e r s e y City T e l e v i s i o n - r a d i o t e c h n i c i a n s ------------------T e le v is io n -ra d io technicians, a p p r e n t i c e ------------------------------------------------E l e c t r i c a l a p p l i a n c e t e c h n i c i a n s -----------E le c tr ic a l appliance technicians, a p p r e n t i c e ------------------------------------------------- Numbe r of job openings 6 San F r a n c i s c o — O akland R ic h m o n d P h i l a d [ e lp h i a 19 13 82 23 39 27 9 1 33 32 5 4 7 23 13 - 12 4 4 10 26 24 " 1 16 St. 13 8 Louis W ashington 5 21 16 5 12 16 9 14 1 1 4 ‘ 1 f o r f i l l i n g in S e p t e m b e r 8 " 1972 a n d f o r w h i c h t h e f i r m 4 was 4 a c t i v e l y t r y i n g to " 7 ~ recru it w o rk ers from o u tsid e 4 the f i r m . 8 8 A p p e n d ix A . S c o p e and M e th o d of S u rv e y Scope of survey The survey included the electrical appliance repair facilities of establishments classified in the industry groups listed below, as defined in the 1967 Standard Industrial Classification Manual, prepared by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, and employing four workers or more, except where otherwise specified: Wholesale trade (5064)—Electrical appliances, televisions, and radio sets; retail trade (5311, 5732, and part of 5722)—Department stores (employing 20 workers or more), household appliance stores, and radio and television stores; services (762)—Electrical repair shops primarily engaged in the repair of major electrical appliances, such as stereos, refrigerators, televisions, and washers. The universe of establishments in the above industries was refined to include only those establishments which had at least one employee involved in repairing major electrical household appliances. Public utility owned and operated appliance repair facilities were excluded. The number of establishments and workers actually studied by the Bureau, as well as the number estimated to be within scope of the survey during the payroll period studied, are shown in table A-l. Method of study Data were obtained by personal visits of the Bureau’s field staff. The survey was conducted on a sample basis. To obtain appropriate accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establish ments was studied. In combining the data, however, all establishments were given their appropriate weight. All estimates are presented, therefore, as relating to all establishments within scope of the survey at the time of reference of the universe data. Establishment definition An establishment, for purposes of this survey, is de fined as all outlets of a company within a specified area. Area definitions The areas studied were Standard Metropolitan Sta tistical Areas as defined by the U.S. Office of Manage ment and Budget through November 1971 and included: Atlanta.................. . Clayton, Cobb, DeKalb, Fulton, and Gwinnett Counties. B oston.................. . Suffolk County, 15 communities in Essex County, 30 in Middle sex County, 20 in Norfolk County, and 9 in Plymouth County. Buffalo.................. . Erie and Niagara Counties, N.Y. C hicago............... . Cook, DuPage, Kane, Lake, MeHenry, and Will Counties. C incinnati........... . Clermont, Hamilton, and Warren Counties, Ohio; Boone, Camp bell, and Kenton Counties, Ky.; and Dearborn County, Ind. Dallas.................... . C ollin, Dallas, D e n to n , Ellis, K aufm an, and R ockw all Counties. Denver.................. . Adams, Arapahoe, Boulder, Denver, and Jefferson Counties. Hartford............... . City of Hartford, 20 towns in Hartford County, Cromwell town in Middlesex County, and 5 tow ns in Tolland County. Indianapolis......... . B oone, H a m ilto n , H ancock, Hendricks, Johnson, Marion, Morgan, and Shelby Counties. Kansas C ity ......... . Cass, Clay, Jackson, and Platte Counties, Mo.; and Johnson and W yandotte C ounties, Kans. Los AngelesLong Beach and Anaheim—Santa Ana-Garden Grove.................. . Los Angeles and Orange Counties. M em phis............. . Shelby C o u n ty , T enn.; and C ritte n d o n C o u n ty , A rk. M iam i.................. . Dade County. MinneapolisSt. Paul............... . A noka, D a k o ta , H ennepin, R am sey, and W ashington C ounties. Table A-1. Estimated number of establishments and workers within scope of the survey, and number studied, electrical appliance repair facilities, September 1972 Number of establishments 2 Workers in establishments— Actually Within scope of study A rea1 Within scope of study studied Nonsupervisory service Actually workers studied Ti otai|4 Total3 Total4 Technicians and apprentices 250,101 21,066 15,996 15,691 31 15,164 12,399 838 687 561 47 708 497 Total, 21 a re a s.................. 1,957 811 Atlanta .................................... 49 83 Buffalo...................................... 47 24 1,052 417 314 314 C h ic a g o .................................... 147 27 71 2,475 323 1,881 260 2,085 18 57,181 6,373 61 37 14,035 616 521 490 Denver ...................................... 88 22 9,483 671 572 355 Hartford .................................. 48 26 3,545 323 267 222 Indianapolis............................. 33 18 2,806 287 228 218 Kansas C i t y ............................. 75 32 8,024 572 465 437 2,360 B o s to n ...................................... C in c in n a ti................................ Dallas ...................................... 578 289 Los Angeles— Long Beach and Anaheim—Santa Ana—Garden G r o v e .............. 206 52 7,173 3,229 2,325 M e m p h is .................................. 26 18 5,679 238 219 207 M iam i......................................... 47 28 9,674 912 513 825 Minneapolis—St. P a ul.............. 74 39 18,570 737 483 561 Newark and Jersey C i t y ......... 75 33 1,870 739 603 565 New Y ork, N . Y ....................... 321 2,653 2,201 1,714 138 116 64 5,953 Philadelphia............................. 17,976 1,679 1,240 1,320 Richmond.................................. 25 18 5,097 229 189 206 San Francisco—Oakland . . . . . 137 37 8,681 1,432 891 1,026 St. L o u i s .................................. 120 130 26 54 13,419 25,947 615 1,394 581 1,104 292 1,000 W ashington, D . C .................... F o r d efin itio n o f areas, see pp. 21-23. 2 includes o n ly establishments, w hich, at the tim e of reference of the universe data, em ployed 4 w orkers or m ore (except departm ent stores, where the m inim um size was 20 w orkers) and had at least one em ployee involved in repairing m ajor household appliances. Includes all em ployees o f the establishments. ^ Includes all nonsupervisory, n o n o ffice w orkers engaged in the major household electrical repair activities o f the establishments. Newark and Jersey C ity ......................Essex, H udson, M orris, and U nion C ounties. New York............... New York City (Bronx, Kings, New York, Queens, and Rich mond Counties), Rockland, W estchester, N assau, and Suffolk C ounties. Philadelphia........... Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Mont gom ery, and P hiladelphia Counties,Pa.; and Burlington, C am den, and G loucester C ounties, N .J. R ichm ond............. C ity o f R ich m o n d ; and the counties o f C hesterfield, Hanover, and Henrico. St. L o u is ............... City of St. Louis; the counties of Franklin, Jefferson, St. Charles, and St. Louis, Mo.; and the counties of Madison and St. Clair, 111. San Francisco— Oakland............... Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, San Francisco, and San Mateo Counties. Washington............. District of Columbia; the cities of Alexandria, Fairfax, and Falls Church, Va.; and the counties of Arlington, Fair fax, L ou d o n , and Prince William, V a.; and M o n t gomery and Prince Georges Counties, Md. Employment The estimates of the number of workers within the scope of the study are intended as a general guide to the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey, rather than a precise measure of employment. Nonsupervisory service workers The term “nonsupervisory service workers,” as used in this bulletin, includes all nonsupervisory, nonoffice workers engaged in the major appliance service (repair) function in the establishment. Occupations selected for study Occupational classification was based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take into account interestablishment and interarea variations in duties within the same job. (See appendix B for these descriptions.) The occupations were chosen for their numerical importance, their usefulness in collective bargaining, or their representativeness of the entire job scale in the industry. Working supervisors, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers were not included in the data for selected occupations. Job vacancies. Data relate to the number of full-time job openings and the number of these openings that have remained unfilled for 1 month or longer. A job opening is defined as being immediately available for filling and for which the firm is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment. Wage data Information on wages relates to straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts, as well as commissions paid for the sales of maintenance contracts, parts, or appliances. Premiums paid for licenses held by employees, if any, are included. Incentive payments— such as those based on flat-rate hours, flat-rate per centages, or other piecework or production bonus systems, and cost-of-living bonuses— were included as part of the workers regular pay, but nonproduction bonus payments, such as Christmas or yearend bonuses, were excluded. Average (mean) hourly rates or earnings for each occupation were calculated by weighting each rate (or hourly earnings) by the number of workers receiving the rate, totaling, and dividing by the number of individuals. The hourly earnings of salaried workers were obtained by dividing straight-time salary by normal rather than actual hours. Method of wage payment Tabulations by method of wage payment relate to the number of workers paid under the various time and incentive wage systems. Formal rate structures for time-rated workers provide single rates or a range of rates for individual job categories. In the absence of a formal rate structure, pay rates are determined primarily by the qualifications of the individual worker. A single rate structure is one in which the same rate is paid to all experienced workers in the same job classification. Learners, apprentices, or probationary workers may be paid according to rate schedules which start below the single rate and permit the workers to achieve the full job rate over a period of time. Individual experienced workers occasionally may be paid above or below the single rate for special reasons, but such payments are regarded as exceptions. Range-of-rate plans are those in which the minimum and/or maximum rates paid experienced workers for the same job are specified. Specific rates of individual workers within the range may be determined by merit, length of service, or a combination of various concepts of merit and length of service. Incentive workers are classified under piece work, bonus plans, flat-rate hours, or flat-rate percentage plans. Piecework is work for which a predetermined rate is paid for each unit of output. Production bonuses are based on production in excess of a quota or for completion of a task in less than standard time. Flat-rate hours is a method of pay computed by multiplying the number of hours established for the job by an hourly rate, regardless of the time actually required to complete the work. Flat-rate percentage is a stipulated percentage of the labor cost charged to the customer. Frequency of wage payment Data relate to the frequency with which a majority of the full-time classified workers are paid by the establishment. Minimum entrance rates Minimum entrance rates refer to the lowest for mal minimum entrance or hiring rate for journeymen (qualified) technicians. Paid holidays. Paid holiday provisions relate to full-day holidays provided annually. insurance company and those paid directly by the employer from his current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of insurance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the employer contributes at least a part of the cost. However, in New York and New Jersey, where temporary disability insurance laws require em ployer contributions,1 plans are included only if the employer (1) contributes more than is legally required or (2) provides the employees with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick leave plans are limited to formal plans which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker’s pay during absence from work because of illness; informal arrangements have been omitted. Separate tabulations are provided according to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans providing either partial pay or a waiting period. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial payment of doctors’ fees. Such plans may be underwritten by a commercial insurance company or a nonprofit organization, or they may be a form of self-insurance. Major medical insurance, sometimes referred to as extended medical insurance, includes the plans designed to cover employees in case of sickness or injury involving an expense which goes beyond the normal coverage Paid vacations. The summary of vacation plans is limited to formal arrangements, excluding informal plans whereby time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the employer or the supervisor. Payments not on a time basis were converted; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered the equivalent of 1 week’s pay. The periods of service for which data are presented were selected as representa tive of the most common practices, but they do not necessarily reflect individual establishment provisions for progression. For example, the changes in proportions indicated at 10 years of service may include changes in provisions which occurred between 5 and 10 years. Tabulations of retirement pensions are limited to plans which provide upon retirement regular payments for the remainder of the retiree’s life. Data are pre sented separately for retirement severance pay (one payment or several over a specified period of time) made to employees on retirement. Establishments pro viding both retirement severance pay and retirement pensions to employees were considered as having both retirement pension and retirement severance plans. Establishments having optional plans providing em ployees a choice of either retirement severance pay or pensions were considered as having only retirement pension benefits. Scheduled weekly hours Data on weekly hours refer to the predominant work schedule for full-time classified workers employed on the day shift. Supplementary wage provisions Supplementary benefits were treated statistically on the basis that if formal provisions were applicable to half or more of the classified workers in an establishment, the benefits were considered applicable to all such employees. Similarly, if fewer than half of such workers were covered, the benefits were considered nonexistent in the establishment. Because of length-of-service and other eligibility requirements, the proportion of employees receiving the benefits may be smaller than estimated. Overtime premium pay. Data for “daily overtime” refer to work in excess of a specified number of hours a day, regardless of the number of hours worked on previous days of the pay period. “Weekly overtime” refers to work in excess of a specified number of hours per week, regardless of the day on which it is performed, the number of hours per day, or number of days worked. Health, insurance, and retirement plans. Data are pre sented for health, insurance, and retirement plans for which all or a part of the cost is borne by the employer, excluding programs required by law, such as workmen’s compensation and social security. Among the plans included are those underwritten by a commerical o f hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans. Paid funeral and jury duty leave. Data for paid funeral and jury duty leave are limited to formal plans which The temporary disability insurance laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions. provide at least partial payment for time lost as a result of attending funerals of specified family members or serving as a juror. Uniform allowances. Data relate to formal provisions for uniforms worn in lieu of or over the employee’s personal clothing. Commissions. Data refer to formal plans providing the employee with monetary payments for the sale of maintenance contracts, parts, or appliances. Apprenticeship training program. Data relate to formal plans providing supervised training and experience for a specified period of time. A p p e n d ix B. O c c u p a tio n a l D e scrip tio n s The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’s field staff are instructed to ex clude working supervisors, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. Television-radio technican Repairs and adjusts radio, television, stereo sets, tape players, and tape recorders, either in shop or households, using handtools and electronic testing in struments. Work includes most o f the following: Tunes sets and adjusts controls to locate source of trouble; tests voltages and resistance of circuits to isolate defects following schematic diagram and using volt meter, oscilloscope, signal generator, and other electronic testing instruments; tests and changes tubes; solders loose connections; and repairs or replaces defective parts. May install television sets. Includes only qualified technicians servicing consumer products and does not include learners or apprentices assigned to assist tech nicians. For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: Inside (bench) Outside (home repair) Combination Television-radio technician, apprentice Assists in the repair and adjustment of radio, television, and stereo sets, tape players, and tape recorders under the direction of a qualified technician or other supervisor, while in a learning or apprenticeship (either formal or informal) period. Electrical appliance technician Services and repairs major electrical appliances (and the electrical components of gas-operated appliances) such as ranges, refrigerators, freezers, dishwashing ma chines, disposers, washers, dryers, and window air conditioners. (As a general rule, the distinction between major and small household appliances is that the former require installation while the latter do not.) Work includes most o f the following: Checks operation of appliance by sight and sound, using test meters to locate and isolate trouble area; as required disassembles appliance and examines mechanical and electrical parts; traces electrical circuits, following diagram, and locates trouble; cleans and washes parts; replaces worn or defective parts; repairs and adjusts appliance motors; reassembles appliance; and lubricates moving parts. May install appliances and test for satisfactory operations. Includes only qualified technicians servicing consumer products and does not include learners or apprentices assigned to assist technicians. Does not include repairmen of central air conditioning units or repairmen of radios or television sets. For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: Inside (bench) Outside (home repair) Combination Electrical appliance technician, apprentice Assists in the installation or repair of major electrical appliances (except radios and television sets) under direction of qualified technician or other supervisor, while in a learning or apprenticeship (either formal or informal) period. Industry W a g e S tu d ie s The most recent reports for industries included in the Bureau’s program of industry wage surveys since January 1960 are listed below. Copies are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, or from any of its regional sales office, and from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C. 20212, or from any of its regional offices shown on the inside back cover. I. Occupational Wage Studies Manufacturing Price Candy and Other Confectionery Products, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1732...................................................................... $0.75 Cigar Manufacturing, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1796..................................................................................................................65 Cigarette Manufacturing, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1748 .......................................................................................................... 60 Fabricated Structural Steel, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1695 ...................................................................................................... 90 Fertilizer Manufacturing, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1763 .......................................................................................................... 75 Flour and Other Grain Mill Products, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1803......................................................................... .... .55 Footwear, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1792 ............................................................................................................... .......... 1.25 Hosiery, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1743 ................................... .................................... ...................................................... 1.20 Industrial Chemicals, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1768 .................................................................................................................95 Leather Tanning and Finishing, 1968. BLS Bulletin 1 6 1 8 ............................................................................................... 95 Meat Products, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1677.................................................................................................................... 1.50 Men’s and Boys’ Separate Trousers, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1752 ................................................................................. 1.00 Men’s and Boys’ Shirts (Except Work Shirts) and Nightwear, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1794 ..................................... 1.15 Men’s and Boys’ Suits and Coats, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1716..................................................................................... 1.30 Miscellaneous Plastics Products, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1690....................................................................................... 1.00 Motor Vehicles and Parts* 1969. BLS Bulletin 1679.................................................................................................. 1.25 Nonferrous Foundries, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1726 ............................................................................................................ 90 Paints and Varnishes, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1739 ................................................................................... ..................... 1.00 Paperboard Containers and Boxes, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1719................................................................................... 1.80 Petroleum Refining, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1741..................... . . ......................................................................................... 85 Pressed or Blown Glass and Glassware, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1713........................ ............................................................85 Southern Sawmills and Planing Mills, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1694.......................................................................................90 Structural Clay Products, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1697.................................................................................................. 1.05 Synthetic Fibers, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1740 ....................................................................................................................... 70 Textiles, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1801............................................................................................................................... 1.55 Textile Dyeing and Finishing, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1757............................................................................................ 1.15 West Coast Sawmilling, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1704 .............................................................................................................75 Women’s and Misses’ Coats and Suits, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1728 .....................................................................................65 Nonmanufactoring Price Auto Dealer Repair Shops, 1969, BLS Bulletin 1689 .............................................................................................. $0.85 Banking, 1969, BLS Bulletin 1703............................................................................................................................... 1.05 Bituminous Coal Mining, 1967, BLS Bulletin 1583 .................................................................................................. 1.25 Communications, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1828....................................................................................................................... 60 Contract Cleaning Services, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1778 ...................................................................................................... 85 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Production, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1797....................................................................... 55 Educational Institutions: Nonteaching Employees, 1968—69. BLS Bulletin 1 6 7 1 ...................................................... 85 Electric and Gas Utilities, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1614.................................................................................................. 1.15 Hospitals, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1688............................................................................................................................ 1.30 Life Insurance, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1791............................................................................................................................85 Metal Mining, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1820 ............................................................................................................................70 Nursing Homes and Related Facilities, 1967-68. BLS Bulletin 1638...................................................................... 1.20 Scheduled Airlines, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1734..................................................................................................................... 75 Wages and Tips in Restaurants and Hotels, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1712.............................................................................. 95 II. Other Industry Wage Studies Employee Earnings and Hours in Retail Trade, June 1966Building Materials, Hardware, and Farm Equipment Dealers, BLS Bulletin 1584-1 ..................................................85 Miscellaneous Retail Stores. BLS Bulletin 1584-7 ................................................................................................ 1.05 B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A TIS T IC S R E G IO N A L O F F IC E S Region I Region V 1603 J F K Federal Building Government Center Boston, Mass. 02203 Phone: 223-6762 (Area Code 617) Region II 9th FI. 230 South Dearborn St. Chicago, IL 60604 312-353-4373 Region VI Suite 3400 1515 Broadway New York, N.Y. 10036 Phone: 971-5405 (Area Code 212) 1100 Com merce St., Rm. 6B7 Dallas, Tex. 75202 Phone: 749-3516 (Area Code 214) Regions VII and VIII * Region III P.O. Box 13309 Philadelphia, Pa. 19101 Phone: 597-1154 (Area Code 215) Region IV Regions IX and X ** Suite 540 1371 Peachtree St., NE. Atlanta, Ga. 30309 Phone: 526-5418 (Area Code 404) Federal Office Building 911 Walnut St., 15th Floor Kansas City, Mo. 64106 Phone: 374-2481 (Area Code 816) 450 Golden Gate Ave. Box 36017 San Francisco, Calif. 94102 Phone: 556-4678 (Area Code 415) Regions VI! and VIII are serviced by Kansas City Regions IX and X are serviced by San Francisco
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