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Industry W ° ~ 2 Survey: Appiianue Repair, November 1975 U. S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics 1977 Bulletin 1936 Industry Wage Survey: Appliance Repair, November 1975 U. S. Department of Labor Ray Marshall. Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Julius Shiskin, Commissioner 1977 Bulletin 1936 For by the Superintendent of Documents, U.8. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 85 cents Stock No. 029-001-01983-1 There is a minimum charge of $1.00 for each mail order Preface This bulletin summarizes the results of a November 1975 Bureau of Labor Statistics survey of wages and supplementary benefits in appliance repair facilities in 19 metropolitan areas. Separate releases for each of the areas included in the survey were issued earlier. Copies of these releases are available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C. 20212, or any of its regional offices. This study was conducted by the Bureau’s Office of Wages and Industrial Relations. Sandra L. King of the Division of Occupational Wage Structures prepared the analysis in this bulletin. Field work for the survey was directed by the Bureau’s Assistant Regional Commissioners for Operations. Other reports available from the Bureau’s program of industry wage studies, as well as the addresses of the Bureau’s regional offices, are listed at the end of this bulletin. Material in this publication is in the public domain and may be reproduced without permission of the Federal Government. Please credit the Bureau of Labor Statistics and cite the name and number of the publication. iii Contents Page S u m m a ry ........................................................................................................................................................................................ Industry characteristics................................................................................................................................................................. E m ploym ent........................................................................................................................................................................ Type of establishm ent......................................................................................................................................................... Product ................................................................................................................................................................................ Occupational staffing and job openings............................................................................................................................. U nionization........................................................................................................................................................................ Method of wage paym ent.................................................................................................................................................... Occupational earnings................................................................................................................................................................... Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions................................................................................................... Minimum entrance rates...................................................................................................................................................... Weekly work schedules ...................................................................................................................................................... Overtime premium p a y .......... ............................................................................................................................................ Paid h o lidays........................................................................................................................................................................ Paid v a c a tio n s...................................................................................................................................................................... Health, insurance, and retirement plans............................................................................................................................. Other selected benefits ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 Text tables: 1. Percent of repair technicians and apprentices by industry, 19 areas combined, November 1975 .............................................................................................................. 2. Job vacancy rates for selected occupations, appliance repair facilities visited in 19 areas, November 1975 ....................................................................................... 3. Range of relative pay levels for technicians, November 1975 .................................................. 4. Distribution of areas by earnings advantages of workers in large over smaller facilities............................ 5. Relative importance of commission payments in average earnings of workers receiving sales commissions, November 1975 ............................................................................ Reference tables: 1. Occupational averages: All establishments...................................................................................................... Earnings distribution: 2. Television-radio tech n ician s............................................................................................................................. 3. Television-radio technicians, apprentice ......................................................................................................... 4. Electrical appliance technicians........................................................................................................................ 5. Electrical appliance technicians, apprentice................................................................................................... 1 2 3 4 4 6 5 7 7 g Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions: 6. Method of wage paym ent.................................................................................................................................. 9 7. Minimum entrance rates: TV-radio technicians.................................................................................................10 8. Minimum entrance rates: Appliance technicians...............................................................................................12 9. Weekly work schedules ....................................................................................................................................... 14 10. Overtime premium p a y ....................................................................................................................................... 15 11. Paid holidays......................................................................................................................................................... 16 12. Paid v a c a tio n s...................................................................................................................................................... 17 13. Health, insurance, and retirement plans............................................................................................................. 21 14. Other selected benefits .......................................................................................................................................22 v Contents—Continued Appendixes: 6 A. Scope and method of survey....................................................................................................................................... 24 B. Occupational descriptions ......................................................................................................................................... 28 VI Appliance Repair, November 1975 Employment in the other 14 areas ranged from 970 in Dallas-Fort Worth to 199 in Memphis. (See appendix table A -l.) Summary In November 1975, technicians who repaired major electrical consumer products typically averaged between $5 and $6.50 an hour in 19 selected metropolitan areas1 surveyed in the second study of appliance repair facilities done by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.12 TV-radio techni cians averaged from $4.77 an hour in Dallas-Fort Worth to $7.27 an hour in San Francisco-Oakland. Workers who repaired household appliances averaged from $4.88 to $7 an hour. Apprentice repair technicians commonly earned between $3 and $4 an hour. The November 1975 survey also measured the number and rate of full-time job openings reported for technicians and apprentices in the shops visited in November 1975. Job vacancy rates for apprentices usually were higher than for the respective technicians within the same area. Paid holidays and vacations were provided to a large majority of the workers in all areas. Provisions for life, hospitalization, surgical, medical, and major medical insurance, as well as retirement pension plans, also were widespread in the areas surveyed. Type o f establishment. Technicians and apprentices en gaged in the repair of major household appliances are found in a number of industries. Industries within this survey’s scope and the percent of workers employed in each are shown in text table 1. The proportion of workers in each type of establishment, however, varied widely among the areas. For example, three-fourths of the workers or more in Nassau-Suffolk, Newark, and New York were in electrical repair shops compared with 20 to 25 percent of the workers in Atlanta, Dallas, Kansas City, and Miami. Product. The repair facilities studied service a wide variety of electrical consumer products, ranging from television sets, radios, and tape players (brown goods) to the larger household appliances such as refrigerators, freezers, washers, etc. (white goods). In the 19 areas combined, workers were about evenly divided among establishments primarily repairing brown goods or white goods. The proportion of workers in establishments primarily repairing brown goods ranged from nearly four-fifths in Chicago to about threetenths in Newark and San Francisco-Oakland. In most areas, a majority of repair facilities serviced brown goods or white goods exclusively. Where a secondary service existed, however, brown goods were repaired in onethird of the facilities primarily servicing white goods, while white-goods repair was a subsidiary function in one-fifth of the shops primarily servicing brown goods. Industry characteristics Employment. The 2,258 establishments covered by the November 1975 survey employed nearly 21,000 nonsupervisory service workers in their appliance repair facili ties. Four-fifths of these workers were employed as service technicians or apprentices. The area employment levels of technicians and ap prentices generally reflected the population sizes of the localities studied. Slightly more than half of the 16,600 technicians and apprentices were employed in 5 of the 19 areas. The Los Angeles-Long Beach area had the largest number (2,258), followed by Chicago (2,158), Philadelphia (1,548), New York (1,526) and Washington (1,147). Occupational staffing and job openings. Television-radio technicians were numerically the most important of the Text table 1. Percent of repair technicians and apprentices by industry, 19 areas combined, November 1975 Industry 1See appendix A for scope and method of survey. Average hourly earnings data in this bulletin exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts, as well as commissions for the sales of maintenance contracts, parts, or appliances. Premiums paid for licenses, if any, held by employees are included. Areas are Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas, defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget through Feb. 8, 1974. See appendix B for job descriptions. 2 See In d u stry Wage Survey: A pplian ce R ep a ir Shops, Sep tem b er 1972 (Bulletin 1 8 3 8 ), for details on the first BLS study of appliance repair activity. T o t a l .............................. 100 Electrical repair shops.................... Departm ent stores........................... Retail television and radio s to r e s ........................................... Wholesalers of appliances, television sets, and radios . . . Retail appliance s t o r e s ................. 46 22 NOTE: 1 Percent Because of ro u n d in g , 14 9 8 d e ta il does not add to to ta l. majority of such employees. In a majority of areas, a higher proportion of electrical appliance workers than of TV-radio workers were unionized. The proportion of appliance repairers in union establishments was be tween 60 and 75 percent in Philadelphia, St. Louis, and Cleveland ranging to 5 percent or less in Atlanta, Dallas, Memphis, and Washington. The proportions for TV-radio workers ranged from one-third in Chicago, Miami, New York, and San Francisco-Oakland, to less than one-tenth in eight areas. The International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (AFL-CIO) was the major union in the industry. A number of other unions, including the United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers and the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America, also represented workers in the industry. four occupations studied. They accounted for slightly more than half of the technician-apprentice work force in the 19 areas. Electrical appliance technicians accounted for two-fifths of the total. Apprentices made up 7 percent of the work force. TV-radio technicians and apprentices were a majority of the workers in all areas except Boston, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Newark, and San Francisco-Oakland. In addition to the employment in the selected occupa tions at the time of the survey, the study also measured the number of full-time job openings available in November 1975 for which the firm was actively trying to recruit workers from outside the firm. The job vacancy rate (vacancies as a percent of employment in the occupation plus reported vacancies in the facilities visited) for TVradio technicians was 3 percent in the 19 areas combined; for TV-radio apprentices, the rate was 4 percent. Job vacancy rates for electrical appliance technicians and electrical appliance apprentices were 1 percent and 2 percent respectively. See text table 2 for the range of job vacancy rates for the four occupations surveyed. Long-term job openings—those remaining unfilled for a month or more—constituted a significant proportion of total reported vacancies for qualified technicians. For both TV-radio and electrical appliance technicians, long term job vacancies were at least 50 percent of the total vacancies reported in a majority of the areas. Despite the low job vacancy rates reported, nearly one-fourth of the establishments visited indicated that one or more full-time service technicians or apprentices would be hired if they applied for the position at a \^age level deemed acceptable. The proportion of establish ments with such a hiring attitude ranged from fewer than one-tenth in Buffalo, Cleveland, Dallas, Minneapolis, and St. Louis to slightly more than half in Washington. Method o f wage payment. About nine-tenths or more of the service technicians and apprentices in 16 areas were paid on a time-rated basis, most commonly under formal plans providing ranges of rates for specified occupations (table 6). Typically, the rate-range pay plans provided for automatic progression based on a combination of length of service and merit review. Informal plans with rates based primarily on the qualifications of the individual worker covered a majority of the time-rated workers in Boston, Denver-Boulder, Memphis, Nassau-Suffolk, New York, and Washington. Incentive pay plans, usually individual bonus arrange ments, applied to nearly three-fifths of the workers in Memphis, one-fourth in Denver-Boulder, one-fifth in Minneapolis-St. Paul, and about one-tenth or less in the other areas. Both time and incentive workers usually were paid at weekly or biweekly intervals. In all areas except Dallas-Fort Worth, Memphis, and Minneapolis-St. Paul, State or local government licenses were required in some establishments. The proportion of TV-radio. technicians in shops with license requirements ranged fron nine-tenths or more in Boston and Kansas City to one-tenth or less in six areas. In each area, licenses were required of a smaller proportion of electrical ap pliance technicians than of TV-radio technicians. For purposes of this study, premiums paid for such licenses, if any, are included in the w^ge data. In the 19 areas studied, slightly more than two-fifths of the technicians and apprentices were in facilities with formal provisions for paying commissions for the sale of maintenance contracts, parts, or appliances. The propor tion of workers in establishments having such provisions varied considerably by area, and within areas by item. For example, a majority of the workers in Memphis and Newark shops were eligible for commissions on the sale of maintenance contracts while fewer than one-tenth were in shops^with similar provisions for the sale of parts. Similar proportions in Minneapolis-St. Paul were, respectively, one-seventh and one-third. Unionization. About one-fourth of the 16,600 technicians and apprentices in the 19 areas were employed in repair facilities having labor-management contracts covering a Text table 2. Job vacancy rates for selected occupations, appliance repair facilities visited in 19 areas, November 1975 Job vacancy rate1 Occupation T V -rad io technicians . . . T V -rad io apprentices . . . Electrical appliance technicians . . . Electrical appliance apprentices . . . N um ber of areas 0 1-4 per cent 5-9 per cent 10-14 15 or per more cent percent 19 2 14 2 1 19 9 1 3 1 5 19 5 14 12 2 - 3 - 17 2 1 V acan cies as a p e rc e n t o f th e sum o f e m p lo y m e n t plus va cancies in fa c ilitie s visited. 2 N o e le c trica l a p p lia n c e app re n tic e s w e re re p o rte d in B u ffa lo and M ia m i. 2 In all but one of the areas studied,3 electrical appliance technicians—those servicing white goods such as refrigerators, freezers, and washers-had higher average hourly earnings than their TV-radio (brown goods) counterparts. The earnings advantage for white-goods workers was typically between 5 and 15 percent, ranging from 1-2 percent in Buffalo, Dallas, and New York to 20 percent in Cleveland. The higher earnings of the white-goods technicians can be partly explained by two factors: Union status and size of repair facility. For example, three-tenths of the white-goods technicians were covered by union contracts compared with one-fifth of the brown-goods technicians. In addition, nearly two-thirds of the white-goods techni cians worked in establishments with at least 10 workers whereas only slightly more than half of the TV-radio (brown-goods) technicians did. Within areas, however, when comparisons were limited to establishments em ploying both types of workers (about one-fifth of the establishments studied), the brown-goods technicians were commonly paid as much as or more than whitegoods technicians in the same repair facility. For the technician jobs, separate earnings data were also developed for three categories of service—inside (bench), outside (home service calls), and a combination of the two. In areas permitting comparisons among all three types, outside electrical appliance technicians usually had higher average earnings than those working either exclusively at the repair facility or on combined inside-outside duties. In TV-radio work, however, no one type of service was consistently associated with higher earnings levels. For example, hourly earnings of TV-radio technicians in DenverBoulder averaged $5.34 for inside, $5.12 for outside, and $5.04 for combination service; in Philadelphia, respective averages were $5.17, $5.24, and $5.35; and in Memphis, $5.13, $5.30, and $4.56. TV-radio and electrical appliance technicians in repair facilities with at least 10 technicians and apprentices typically averaged between 10 and 30 percent an hour more than their counterparts in establishments with fewer than five such employees. Apprentices in establishments with larger service staffs also typically averaged more per hour than those in establishments with smaller staffs, but the differences varied widely by area. Text table 4 illustrates the range of earnings advantages held by workers in the largest facilities (10 repairers or more). The proportion of workers actually receiving com missions during November 1975 was usually somewhat less than the proportion that was eligible, and showed substantial variation by area and occupation. In St. Louis, for example, 16 percent of the TV-radio technicians re ceived commissions in addition to their regular wages, compared with 36 percent of the electrical appliance technicians. In Boston, the relationships were reversed— 12 percent and 5 percent, respectively. The effect of these commission payments on worker earnings is illustrated in text table 5 in the following discussion of occupational earnings. Occupational earnings Straight-time average earnings of TV-radio technicians typically ranged from $5 to $6 an hour in November 1975, while earnings of electrical appliance repairers commonly ranged from $5.50 to $6.50 (table 1). Among the 19 areas surveyed, the highest averages for both technician jobs were reported in San Francisco-Oakland-$7.27 for TVradio workers and $7 for electrical appliance workers. The lowest averages were found in Dallas-Fort Worth— $4.77 for TV-radio repair and $4.88 for electrical ap pliance service. Text table 3 presents the interarea spread in average earnings for the technician jobs combined. Apprentice technicians, those working under the direction of a qualified technician or other supervisor while in a learning or apprenticeship status, commonly averaged between $3 and $4 an hour. Hourly earnings of electrical appliance apprentices averaged from $2.80 in DallasFort Worth to $5.04 in San Francisco-Oakland, and were higher than those for their TV-radio counterparts in 8 of 13 areas compared (table 1). Wage advantages held by qualified technicians over apprentices in the same field often averaged about 40 to 60 percent. Text table 3. Range of relative pay levels for technicians, November 1975 (San F ra n c is c o -O a k la n d = 1 0 0 ) Area C h ic ag o ............................................... A tlanta, Cleveland, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, N ew ark, St. L o u is .................... Boston, B uffalo, Denver, Kansas C ity , Memphis, M iam i, Nassau-Suffolk, Philadelphia, Washington . . . New Y o r k ........................................ D a lla s .................................................. Range (in percent) 85 -89 8 0 -84 In the 36 instances where earnings of time and incentive rated workers could be compared, incentive workers typical ly averaged more per hour than their time-rated counter parts in the same job and area. The incentive advantage varied among the areas and among jobs, ranging from 2 percent in Los Angeles ($5.86-$5.74) and 4 percent in Chicago ($6.24-$6.01) for TV-radio technicians to 28 percent in Los Angeles ($7.91-$6.18) for electrical ap pliance technicians. 75-79 70 -74 65 -69 N O T E : T o m in im iz e in tera re a d iffere n c e s in e m p lo y m e n t m ix betw een th e T V -r a d io and e le c trica l a p p lia n c e tech nicians, w eights expressing co n s ta n t e m p lo y m e n t relationships based on th e to ta l w o rkers in th e respective jobs in all 19 areas w e re used. Aggregates w ere c o m p u te d fo r each area by m u ltip ly in g th e average straig httim e h o u rly earnings fo r th e jobs b y those w eig hts and to ta lin g . T h e ra tio o f these aggregates to San F ra n c is c o -O a k la n d 's fo rm e d th e basis fo r this in d e x. 3 Data for electrical appliance technicians in Memphis did not meet publication criteria. 3 Text table 4. Distribution of areas by earnings advantages of workers in large over smaller facilities (A verage s tra ig h t-tim e earnings o f w o rk e rs in th e largest rep air fa c ilitie s as a p e rce n t o f tho se in th e tw o sm aller-size shops) Earnings of workers in shops w ith 10 or more employees compared w ith those in shops having between 5 and 10 Item Earnings of workers in shops w ith 10 or more employees compared w ith those in shops w ith fewer than 5 Electrical Appliance T V -R a d io T V -R a d io Electrical Appliance Technicians Apprentices Technicians Apprentices Technicians Apprentices Technicians Apprentices 18 12 13 9 19 11 18 8 5 7 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 2 3 2 5 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 3 6 7 2 1 — 4 2 4 6 3 1 2 2 N um ber of areas com pared1 ............. N um ber o f areas where earnings in the largest shops exceed those in smaller shops by: Less than 10 p e r c e n t ................. 10-19 p e r c e n t .............................. 2 0 -2 9 p e r c e n t .............................. 3 0 -39 p e r c e n t .............................. 4 0 -4 9 p e r c e n t .............................. 50 percent or m o r e .................... — 1 3 — — 1 1 3 3 — — 1 - 4 1 Earnings o f w o rk e rs in shops w ith be tw e e n 5 and 1 0 w o rk e rs exceeded tho se o f w o rk e rs in fa c ilitie s w ith 10 w o rk e rs o r m o re in N assau -S u ffo lk fo r T V -r a d io tech nicians; in M ia m i, S t. Louis, and W ashin gton fo r a p p lia n c e tech n ician s; and in W ashin gton fo r a p pliance rep air apprentices. Earnings o f those in shops w ith fe w e r th a n 5 w o rk e rs exceeded earnings o f th e ir c o u n te rp a rts in fa c ilitie s w ith 10 w o rk e rs or m o re in C hicago fo r T V -r a d io apprentices, in Los A ngeles f o r a p pliance te ch n ic ia n s , and in Kansas C ity fo r a p p lia n c e a pprentices. The basic earnings data in tables 1 through 5 exclude commissions paid to technicians and apprentices for selling of maintenance contracts, parts, and appliances. In the 19 areas combined, 10 percent of the electrical appliance technicians (3 percent of the apprentices) and 8 percent of the TV-radio technicians (5 percent of the apprentices) received commissions. Text table 5 illustrates the relative importance of these commission payments to the earnings of those workers receiving sales commissions in addition to their regular salary. It shows that the proportion of com missions to earnings-plus-commissions averaged under 10 percent in about half the areas permitting comparisons for TV-radio and electrical appliance technicians. The earnings advantage of TV-radio technicians receiving sales com missions during the survey month over their Straight- salary counterparts ranged from less than 5 percent in Chicago, Dallas, and St. Louis to 20-22 percent in Boston, Denver, Nassau-Suffolk, and New York. But, for appliance technicians, a mixed pattern was observed. Workers with commissions had an earnings advantage over their straightsalary counterparts in seven areas, earned about the same in one area, and averaged less per hour than those on salary in six areas. Earnings of individuals varied substantially within the same job and area (tables 2 through 5). For example, the hourly earnings of the highest paid technician typically exceeded those of the lowest paid technician in the same job and area by $4. In some instances, the spread reached $5 an hour or more. This wide dispersion of earnings may be due to variations in length of service and the wide range of skills required to repair major household appliances. Text table 5. Relative importance of commission payments in average earnings of workers receiving sales commissions, November 1975 Technicians Item Num ber of areas com pared1 .................... Percent of commissions to earnings plus commissions: 1 - 4 p e r c e n t .................... 5- 9 percent .................... 10 -14 p e r c e n t .................... 15-19 p e r c e n t .................... 2 0 -2 4 p e r c e n t .................... 2 5 percent or m ore . . . . TVradio Electrical appliance TVradio Electrical appliance 14 14 9 4 2 5 3 3 1 5 1 3 2 5 2 1 1 3 — 3 — 1 — — - Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions Apprentices Information also was obtained on minimum entrance (hiring) rates for qualified technicians, and on work sched ules, overtime premium pay, and the incidence of supple mentary benefits, including paid holidays, paid vacations, and health, insurance, and retirement plans for technicians and apprentices. Minimum entrance rates. Minimum entrance (hiring) rates for qualified technicians were determined by formally established policies in a minority (usually between 20 and 40 percent) of the repair facilities visited in each of the 19 survey areas (tables 7 and 8). For each of the two technician jobs, these minimum entrance rates most com monly fell between $4 and $6 an hour. 1 O n ly includes areas w h e re sales com m issions w e re paid d u rin g th e survey m o n th . 4 Weekly work schedules. Weekly work schedules of 5 days and 40 hours applied to a majority of the technicians and apprentices in each of the 19 areas studied (table 9). Most of the remaining workers had longer weekly schedules. For example, about one-tenth of the work force in Buffalo, Denver, Memphis, and Washington worked 6 days, 48 hours per week. Health, insurance, and retirement plans. Life, hospitaliza tion, and surgical insurance, for which the employer paid at least part of the cost, was provided to about two-thirds or more of the workers in all areas (table 13). At least one-half of the workers in most areas were also provided other types of health benefits including basic and major medical insurance and sickness and accident insurance, paid sick leave, or both. Retirement pension plans (other than social security), providing regular payments for the remainder of the re tiree’s life, were available to one-third of the workers in Chicago and Los Angeles, ranging to seven-tenths in Atlanta, Buffalo, Kansas City, and Newark. Provisions for retire ment severance pay (one payment or several over a speci fied period of time) applied to one-seventh of the workers in Kansas City and to 5 percent or less of the workers in the other areas. Overtime premium pay. Daily overtime pay provisions, virtually always time and one-half the regular rate after 8 hours, were in effect in repair facilities employing a majority of the technicians and apprentices in 12 of the 19 areas (table 10). Weekly overtime provisions—typically time and one-half after 40 hours—applied to about fourfifths of the workers or more in 17 areas, and to at least three-fifths in the other two studied. Other selected benefits. A majority of the technicians and apprentices in about three-fourths of the areas were em ployed in repair facilities having formal provisions for jury-duty pay and paid leave for attending funerals of specified family members (table 14). Three-fifths of the workers were employed in repair facilities providing either uniforms, cleaning of uniforms, or both, or some monetary allowance for either. Among establishments requiring uniforms, however, these provisions applied to more than nine-tenths of the workers in 18 areas and to threefifths in Atlanta. Formal apprenticeship training programs for both TV-radio and electrical appliance work, requiring super vised training and experience for a specified period of time, were reported in all areas surveyed. The proportion of workers in establishments having such programs ranged from about 10 percent or less (for both types of programs) in Boston, Denver-Boulder, and San Francisco-Oakland to 56 percent for TV-radio and 66 percent for appliance repair in Newark. Paid holidays. Paid holidays, most commonly 6 or 9 days annually, were provided by establishments employing more than nine-tenths of the technicians and apprentices in all areas (table 11). However, provisions varied con siderably among the areas. In Newark, for example, threefifths of the workers received at least 9 days annually, compared with about 6 days or less for a similar propor tion of the workers in Dallas-Fort Worth. Paid vacations. Paid vacations after qualifying periods of service were provided to at least seven-eighths of the technicians and apprentices in each of the areas studied (table 12). Typical provisions were at least 1 week of vacation pay after 1 year of service, 2 weeks after 2 years, 3 weeks after 10 years, and 4 weeks after 20 years of ser vice or more. Between one-half and three-fifths of the workers in Kansas City, Newark, and San Francisco-Oakland were in facilities providing at least 5 weeks of vacation pay after 30 years of service. 5 Table 1. Occupational averages: All establishments (Average straight-tim e hourly earnings1 of workers in selected occupations in electrical appliance repair facilities, 19 selected areas, November 1975) AREA TOTAL TELEVISION- RADIO TECHNICIANS OUTSIDE INSIDE(bench) (home repair) WORKERS EARNINGS ATLANTA........................... BOSTON............................ BUFFALO........................... CHICAGO........................... CLEVELAND......................... DALLAS............................ DENVEB............................ KANSAS CITY....................... LOS ANGELES - LONG BEACH.......... MEMPHIS........................... MIAMI............................. MINNEAPOLIS - ST. PAUL............ N AS SAU-SUFP0LK.................... NEWARK............................ NEW YORK.......................... PHILADELPHIA...................... SAN FRANCISCO - OAKLAND........... ST. LOUIS......................... WASHINGTON........................ 367 253 157 1,241 405 496 338 226 1,120 106 198 266 308 210 850 861 319 381 720 WORKERS 158 108 44 447 201 221 173 85 425 51 93 109 131 78 320 359 133 151 358 $5. 52 5. 17 5. 32 6.03 5.25 4. 77 5. 21 5.04 5.75 5. 12 5.07 5. 53 5. 25 5.57 5.23 5.23 7.27 5.47 5.53 EARNINGS WORKERS EARNINGS $5.56 5.08 5.47 5.59 5.08 4.91 5.34 4.88 5.88 5.13 4.90 5.79 5.05 5.65 5.28 5. 17 7.52 5.52 5.71 182 84 57 315 127 178 95 63 552 41 60 45 105 82 358 296 121 136 2 50 COMBINATION TELEVISIONRADIO APPRENTICES WORKERS EARNINGS WORKERS EARNINGS 61 56 479 77 97 70 78 143 14 45 112 .50 172 206 65 94 112 $5.45 5. 33 5.59 5.93 5.55 4.61 5.12 5. 18 5.73 5.30 4.99 5.69 5.27 5.60 5. 14 5. 24 7.24 5.46 5.27 $5. 14 4.94 6.49 5. 23 4.74 5.04 5.09 5.45 4.56 5.56 5.21 5.41 5.35 5.35 6.83 5.41 5.51 25 36 20 53 40 27 27 13 127 $4.10 3.11 3.18 3.53 3.55 3.12 3.37 3.65 3.83 - - 13 37 11 6 57 57 42 39 69 1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts as well as commissions paid for the sales of maintenance contracts, parts, or appliances. Premiums paid for licenses, if any held by employees are included. INSIDE(bench) WORKERS EARNINGS WORKERS EARNINGS 249 310 156 810 268 430 157 148 921 - 3.60 3.80 3.23 3.50 3.73 3.43 4.89 3.35 3.65 ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE TECHNICANS OUTSIDE COMBINATION (home repair) TOTAL 114 298 26 2 267 588 569 475 20 9 349 17 27 7 32 $6.28 5.56 5.35 6.43 6.28 4.88 5.88 5.91 6.31 - 62 16 96 7 13 44 63 - 5.98 6.01 5.58 6.17 5.32 5.60 7.00 6.51 5.54 - 77 $6.02 5.92 5.97 5.37 4.62 5.20 5.94 4. 82 6.04 4.95 7.13 5.78 WORKERS EARNINGS 216 213 282 211 290 74 783 WORKERS EARNINGS $6.44 5.44 16 - 26 78 65 42 101 52 26 78 98 62 40 5.73 6. 34 4.96 6.11 6. 39 6.03 6.00 5.96 6.33 5. 49 5.68 7.01 6.74 5.47 - 90 175 203 219 466 375 350 151 252 - $4.47 3. 95 4.77 5.72 - 5.74 5. 97 3.98 4.53 4.52 4.96 6.78 5.35 “ ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE APPRENTICES WORKERS EARNINGS _ 15 54 30 17 14 90 25 10 15 31 61 10 29 _ $3.63 4.64 4.04 2.80 3.15 3.71 4.06 3.52 3.63 3.25 3.80 5.04 3.85 NO TE: Dashes indicate no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria, Table 2. Earnings distribution: Television-radio technicians (Distribution o f workers by straight-time hourly earnings1 in electrical appliance repair facilities, 19 selected areas, November 1975) NUMB ER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT--TIME HOURLY EARNINGS (IN DOLLARS) OF— AREA WORKERS 367 ATLANTA.................. 253 BOSTON................... 157 BUFFALO............. . CHICAGO.......... - ...... 1,241 405 CLEVELAND........... . 496 DALLAS................... 338 DENVER....... - ....... . 226 KANSAS CITY.............. LOS ANGELES - LONG BEACH.. 1,120 106 MEMPHIS.................. 198 MIAMI.... ........-....... 266 MINNEAPOLIS - ST. PAUL--308 NASSAU-SUFF3LK........... 210 NEWARK..... .............. 8 50 NEW YORK.......... . 861 PHILADELPHIA............. 319 SAN FRANCISCO - OAKLAND... 381 ST. LOUIS................ 720 WASHINGTON............... EARNINGS $5.52 5.17 5.32 6.03 5.25 4.77 5.21 5.04 5.75 5.12 5.07 5.53 5.25 5.57 5.23 5.23 7.27 5.47 5.53 2.80 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4..40 4..60 UNDER AND 2.80 UNDER 3.00 3.20 3. 40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40 4,.60 4,.80 _ _ _ _ 1 _ • 2 _ 1 _ 10 6 3 _ _ _ _ 2 5 2 8 1 _ _ 3 5 15 _ _ _ _ 6 1 13 10 _ _ 3 _ _ 10 10 _ 8 _ 31 23 2 10 _ 4 _ 13 14 7 5 2 6 16 7 11 11 3 11 5 7 7 29 38 8 3 15 1 3 11 26 6 7 3 5 8 4 11 5 20 32 6 - 8 5 4 _ 9 13 3 7 6 _ 15 _ 18 14 14 20 7 _ 15 43 64 11 23 42 5 4 22 15 6 40 53 10 21 14 15 4 21 34 44 14 8 15 18 27 9 38 11 102 44 14 34 1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts as well as commissions paid for the sales of maintenance contracts, parts, or appliances. Premiums paid for licenses, if any, held by employees are included. 13 9 10 26 37 24 11 12 50 26 7 3 13 16 40 19 42 44 15 12 20 21 70 10 6 32 9 6 12 17 8 85 88 1 10 47 4.80 5.00 5.20 5.40 5,.60 5.80 6.00 6. 20 6.40 6.60 6.80 7.00 7.20 7.40 7.60 7.80 AND OVER 5.00 5.20 5.40 5.60 5,.80 6.00 6.20 6.40 6.60 6.80 7.00 7.20 7.40 7.60 7.80 2 17 12 17 8 16 18 9 31 1 1 10 10 1 16 14 12 36 31 45 27 77 54 31 47 20 173 2 19 19 28 39 84 34 3 63 68 28 22 11 138 11 21 19 6 72 2 1 19 16 5 70 46 7 50 4 21 3 129 11 13 10 19 69 2 22 32 1 9 49 49 15 33 49 31 15 9 48 27 42 24 11 78 7 1 34 9 8 46 38 12 79 1 33 6 68 10 30 26 35 21 2 10 18 17 3 18 52 7 10 80 4 16 261 53 24 32 1 117 6 35 20 53 28 131 94 7 54 80 8 1 22 61 6 2 32 14 24 6 2 23 6 3 17 148 10 24 46 7 9 45 3 8 5 22 38 1 1 21 24 10 31 22 8 1 32 7 8 1 27 67 11 1 1 39 5 5 1 19 23 5 23 3 15 6 7 _ 51 1 2 3 1 232 _ 2 30 32 40 13 4 18 _ 110 _ _ 13 23 _ 10 7 3 12 13 76 19 4 37 _ _ » 7 18 _ _ _ 14 2 28 _ 7 29 10 7 1 30 1 28 5 3 _ _ _ 4 10 _ _ 3 _ 1 11 2 _ _ 2 _ _ 33 5 10 _ 95 33 2 _ _ _ 234 2 35 2 Workers were distributed as follows: 9 at $8 to $8.20; 6 at $8 .2 0 to $8.40; 12 at $8 .4 0 to $8.60; and 7 at $9 and over, Table 3. Earnings distribution: Television-radio technicians, apprentice (D istribution of workers by straight-time hourly earnings1 in electrical appliance repair facilities, 19 selected areas, November 1975) AREA ATLANTA........................... BOSTON............................ BUFFALO........................... CHICAGO........................... CLEVELAND......................... DALLAS............................ DENVER............................ KANSAS CITY....................... LOS ANGELES - LONG BEACH.......... MIAMI............................. MINNEAEOLIS - ST. PAUL............ NASSAU-SUFFOLK.................... NEWARK............................ NEW YORK.......................... PHILADELPHIA...................... SAN FRANCISCO - OAKLAND........... ST. LOUIS...................... . WASHINGTON........................ 25 36 20 53 40 27 27 13 127 13 37 11 6 57 57 42 39 69 $4.10 3.11 3. 18 3.53 3.55 3.12 3.37 3.65 3.83 3.60 3.80 3.23 3.50 3.73 3.43 4.89 3.35 3.65 _ _ - 4 12 6 - - 310 3 “ _ 2 4 5 - * _ 5 1 4 5 11 17 8 6 " _ 6 - _ 10 4 2 3 6 - 5 2 - - - - ~ * 1 Excludes premium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts as well as commissions paid for the sales o f maintenance contracts, parts, or appliances. Premium paid for licenses, if any, held by employees are included. _ 2 5 _ 10 6 1 4 1 2 5 5 6 2 21 10 _ 16 1 8 2 5 2 1 5 - 1 3 8 1 7 _ 1 5 2 6 1 1 18 12 1 9 1 21 11 6 5 4 6 26 1 1 2 1 1 4 •(= u> O I CD O o ■ p p to I o o o NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS (IN DOLLARS) OF— 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 T75o 3.20 3.40 3.60 WORKERS EARNINGS UNDER AND 2.30 UNDER 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3. 80 4.20 4.40 4.60 4.80 5.00 5.20 5.40 5.60 5.80 AND OVER 4.40 4.60 4.80 5.00 5.20 5.40 5.60 5.80 _ 7 5 - 2 - 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 5 ~ 3 5 2 1 15 6 1 6 11 4 9 8 1 1 11 3 2 1 10 1 1 7 1 4 2 1 * 1 ■ 2 “ 4 “ 7 ~ 2 " 9 1 - ~ “ " * “ 1 - 10 2 2 8 1 11 4 “ * " ~ 2 ~ ~ 2 ~ 1 1 1 ~ - ~ 4 1 “ 1 2 1 4 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 " 1 ” 2 1 ~ “ 2 - - “ “ 3 “ * ~ ” ~ 3 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 5 ~ 2g 2 Workers were distributed as follows: 7 at $6 to $ 6 .2 0 and 2 at $ 6 .4 0 to $6.60. 3 Workers were distributed as follows: 5 at $2 .1 0 to $ 2 .2 0 and 5 at $ 2 .2 0 to $ 2.30. Table 4. Earnings distribution: Electrical appliance technicians (Distribution o f workers by straight-time hourly earnings1 in electrical appliance repair facilities, 18 selected areas,2 November 1975) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS (IN DOLLARS) O F- AREA ATLANTA........................... BOSTON........................ BUFFALO...................... CHICAGO.................... CLEVELAND........................ DALLAS........................... DENVER....................... KANSAS CITY...................... LOS ANGELES - LONG BEACH.......... MIAMI..................... MINNEAPOLIS - ST. PAUL............ NASSAU-SUPFOLK................... NEWARK........................ NEW YORK...................... PHILADELPHIA...................... SAN FRANCISCO - OAKLAND........... ST. LOUIS.................... WASHINGTON.................... WORKERS EARNINGS 249 310 156 810 268 430 157 148 921 114 298 26 2 267 588 569 475 209 349 3.20 UNDER AND 3. 20 JNDER 3.40 3.80 4.20 I4. ^ 760 f6700 6.60 6.80 7.00 7.20 7.40 7.60 7.80 AND OVER 6.80 7.00 7. 20 7.40 7.60 7.80 $6.28 8 22 «;*f c 4 15 50 24 1 32 * * j *oo C 3. Q1 71 6* 31 6 37 23 29 127 55 15 14 65 15 2 c5.32 * O Tt c r aV 3.0 7. 00 Irli 10 2 62 20 63 6 6^01 5.58 i-Ai.iuucb premium pay ror overtime ana Tor work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts as well as commissic s paid for the sales of maintenance contracts, parts, or appliances. Premiums paid for licenses, if any, held by employees are included. T 700 5.20 62 1 2 10 189 22 39 13 5 16 20 15 1 5 - 12 131 137 2 6 364 70 22 - - - 8 2 33 4 - 79 45 5 7 24 - 6 60 69 69 5 34 1 1 2 Data for electrical appliance technicians in Memphis did not meet publication criteria. 52 - 21 3 - 115 6 33 - 25 6 _ _ 5 - - - - - - 4 3 13 4 1 - 2 7 36 1 2 6 1 - 2 - - 1 2 - - 33 13 - - 20 - 1 - 103 38 - - - ~ - 10 - 145 83 - _ - 3 10 Table 5. Earnings distribution: Electrical appliance technicians, apprentice (Distribution of workers by straight-time hourly earnings1 in electrical appliance repair facilities, 13 selected areas,2 November 1975) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS (IN DOLLARS) OF— AREA 00 PART’D)!-TT...... ............................. rH l r AG^ *-r______ -........................... . CLEVFIANP*»--r..... - -.... ................... DALLAS ......... ................... ........... DENVER......... ............................. LOS ANGELES ~ L^NG PFRDRt 7....... ........... MINNEAEOLIS - 'tT. PART_____ ................. NASSAU-SUFFOLK. .............................. ____ - ...................... ....... NEWARK Y^RK.... ................................ PHILADELPHIA................................. SAN FRANCISCO - OAKLAND..................... WASHINGTON................................... 6.60 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4. 40 4.60 4.80 5.00 ■57 W 5.40 5.60 TTeo 6 . 0 0 6 . 2 0 6.40 WORKERS EARNINGS UNDER AND 2.60 UNDER 6.80 6.60 6.40 6 . 2 0 6 . 0 0 5.80 5.40 5.60 5.20 5.00 4.80 4.60 4.40 2.70 2. 80 2. 90 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4. 20 15 54 30 17 14 25 10 15 31 61 10 29 $3.63 4.64 4.04 2. 8n 3.15 3.71 4.06 3.52 3.63 3.25 3.8 0 5.04 3.85 5 8 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 10 311 47 51g 1 3 16 4 13 4 12 5 2 2 1 1 3 3 3 6 14 - 17 - - - 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 22 1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts as well as commissions paid for the sales of maintenance contracts, parts, or appliances. Premiums paid for licenses, if any, held by employees are included. 2 Data for apprentices in Atlanta, Kansas City, Memphis, Miami, and St. Louis did not meet publication criteria. No apprentices were reported in Buffalo. 1 •j 6 1 5 7 2 1 8 2 12 1 5 1 1 4 3 1 6 - 3 3 4 _ 3 4 _ 4 1 4 5 - 1 - - 2 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 5 - - - “ - _ 3 3 - _ _ - 2 _ 5 3 - 7 - 2 - 6 - 1 6 1 6 8 1 3 1 2 - 4 " Includes 10 workers at under $2.30 and 1 worker at $2.50 to $2.60. Workers were distributed as follows: 2 at $2.40 to $2.50 and 5 at $2.50 to $2.60. All workers were at $2.50 to $2.60. Workers were distributed as follows: 5 at under $2.30 and 9 at $2.50 to $2.60. i 1 * 2 • 10 - Table 6. Method of wage payment (Percent of service technicians and apprentices in appliance repair facilities by method o f wage paym ent,1 19 selected areas, November 1975) Method of wage payment Atlanta Boston Buffalo Chicago Los Cleve Dallas- Denver- Kansas Angelesland Fort Boulder City Long Worth Beach Memphis All workers.............................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Time rated workers....................... Individual rates....................... Range of rates-merit review............ Range of rates-automatic progression based on length of service............ Range of rates-combination......... . Single rate............................ 90 32 4 99 57 4 95 43 92 30 8 96 45 4 88 43 12 76 39 (2) 99 36 14 93 35 2 43 36 11 11 33 7 30 39 44 1 2 8 22 13 1 32 18 12 31 10 13 25 _ _ 8 39 8 4 3 Incentive workers........................ Group piecework........................ Flat-rate hours..................... Flat-rate percentage of the labor cost charged the customer............ . Individual bonus plans.............. . 10 1 5 8 4 12 24 1 7 57 i T 2 3 4 6 6 13 1 4 4 12 45 10 1 1 5 Minneapolis- NassauSt. Paul Suffolk 1 6 - 100 San Phila St. Louis Franciscodelphia Oakland Washing ton All workers. Time rated workers................ Individual rates................... . Range of rates-merit review........ . Range of rates-automatic progression based on length of service........ . Range of rates-combination......... . Single rate......................... Incentive workers............. . Group piecework.................. Flat-rate hours..... ........... . Flat-rate percentage of the labor cost charged the customer...... . Individual bonus plans........... 1 For definition of method of wage payment, see appendix A. 2 Less than 0.5 percent. 88 81 32 16 36 38 9 28 92 46 100 36 99 56 3 8 32 4 9 12 19 8 2 6 98 43 89 40 100 37 98 58 11 5 6 54 28 4 37 28 9 5 11 8 12 4 9 50 25 9 4 3 10 13 4 5 1 (2 ) 1 NO TE: Because o f rounding, sums o f individual items may not equal totals. Table 7. Minimum entrance rates: TV-radio technicians (Num ber o f establishments studied by formally established minimum hourly entrance (hiring) rates' for TV-radio technicians, appliance repair facilities, 19 selected areas, November 1975) Minimum rate Establishments studied................... Establishments having a specified minimum. .......................... . $2.50 $2.60 $2.70 $2.80 $2.90 and and and and and under under under under under $2.60................ $2.70................ $2.80............... $2.90................ $3.00................ $3.00 $3.10 $3.20 $3.30 $3.40 and and and and and under under under under under $3.10................ $3.20................ $3.30................ $3.40............. . $3.50......... ...... $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 and and and and and under under under under under $3.60................ $3.70................ $3.80............ . $3.90................ $4.00................ $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 $4.30 $4.40 and and and and and under under under under under $4.10................ $4.20................ $4.30............. . $4.40................ $4.50............... . $4.50 $4.60 $4.70 $4.80 $4.90 and and and and and under under under under under $4.60................ $4.70................ $4.80................ $4.90....... . $5.00................ $5.00 $5.10 $5.20 $5.30 $5.40 and and and and and under under under under under $5.10................ $5.20................ $5.30................ $5.40................ $5.50................ $5.50 $5.60 $5.70 $5.80 $5.90 and and and and and under under under under under $5.60................ $5.70................ $5.80................ $5.90................ $6.00................ $6.00 $6.10 $6.20 $6.30 $6.40 and and and and and under under under under under $6.10................ $6.20................ $6.30............... $6.40................ $6.50................ $6.50 and over....................... Atlanta Boston Buffalo Chicago 22 34 24 66 8 10 5 25 1 - - - - Los Cleve Dali as- Denver- Kansas AngelesLong land Fort Boulder City North Beach 34 37 27 20 52 12 9 7 1 1 - _ - - Memphis 15 7 12 1 _ _ _ - _ _ _ - - - - _ 1 _ 1 T - T - - - - 1 i 2 _ 2 1 - - - 5 1 2 _ 1 1 T 1 _ - 1 - _ - 1 2 _ 1 1 3 1 _ - - - T - 2 _ - _ - 1 "i - - 2 T 2 T - 2 1 1 1 2 1 - - T - 1 10 1 - - 1 - 1 1 1 1 - T - - - - T 1 1 5 - - 2 - - 2 _ _ - i - _ _ _ 1 - 4 - _ _ _ 1 - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ - _ _ _ - _ - _ No formal minimum...................... 11 14 13 31 14 18 21 10 29 13 None hired....... ..................... 3 10 6 10 1 10 6 3 11 1 See footnotes at end of table. Table 7. Minimum entrance rates: TV-radio technicians—Continued (Num ber of establishments studied by formally established minim um hourly entrance (hiring)- rates1 for T V radio technicians, appliance repair facilities, 19 selected areas, November 1975) Minimum rate Miami 17 MinneSan apolis- Nassau- Newark New York Phila St. Louis FranciscoSt. Paul Suffolk delphia Oakland -- T7--28 31 56 37 1&2 30 Washing ton Establishments having a specified 7 5 8 5 21 13 8 16 “ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ “ - — — - — — — - - ~ 7 S3.70 and under S3.80................. $3.80 and under $3.90................. $3.90 and under $4.00........ ~ ~ $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 $4.30 $4.40 and and and and and under under under under under $4.10................. $4.20..... . $4.30................. $4.40...... . $4.50....... . 2 $4.50 $4.60 $4.70 $4.80 $4.90 and and and and and under under under under under $4.60..............__ $4.70................. $4.80................. $4.90................. $5.00................ $5.00 $5.10 $5.20 $5.30 $5.40 and and and and and under under under under under $5.10..............__ $5.20................. $5.30.......__ ...____ $5.40............____ $5.50................ $5.50 $5.60 $5.70 $5.80 $5.90 and and and and and under under under under under $5.60........ $5.70....... . $5.80................. $5.90..... . $6.00.............. . $6 . 0 0 $6 . 1 0 $6 . 2 0 $6.30 $6.40 and under $6 . 1 0 ......... ....... and under $6 .2 0 ..............__ and u nde r $6.30........____________ and u n d e r $6.40..__ ......___ ___ and unde r $6.50............._____ ~ — ~ — ~ ~ — 2 — 1 T 7 ~ ~ 2 2 7 “ ~ - “ ~ 7 - ~ ~ ~ — - ~ — — — 1 2 - — - 7 1 1 3 - — — — — - — 3 2 5 3 - — - — ~ ~ — — ~ - 1 — 1 - - — - — — - 7 2 7 - — — — 7 7 — - - - “ “ 3 ~ - ~ — "i[ ~ — — — - - — — — "3 — - — — — _ — — - " — - ' — — - 7 — - "3 " — — - 7 ' - — - 1 - - - " .— - - - — ' — - 8 6 2 2 2 - - ~ - - 2 1 — - - ~ $6.50 and o v e r . _____. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____ No formal m i n i m u m . None hired........ .................... 10 . 8 18 19 18 2 5 10 8 1 Minimum entrance rate refers to the lowest formal hiring rate established for journeyman technicians. 45 32 22 36 11 7 * ** NOTE' Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. - Table 8. Minimum entrance rates: Appliance technicians (Num ber o f establishments studied by formally established minimum hourly entrance (hiring) rates' for appliance repair technicians, appliance repair facilities, 19 selected areas, November 1975) Minimum rate Atlanta Boston Buffalo Chicago Los Cleve Dallas- Denver- Kansas Angelesland Fort Boulder City Long north Beach Hemphis 22 34 24 66 27 37 34 20 52 6 8 5 23 6 11 5 £ 10 ~ ~ ~ “ “ — ~ — — — - — — — — — — - — — ~ — — 1 - — — - — 2 - — 15 Establishments having a specified “ — $3.20 and under $3.30.................. $3.50 $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 and and and and and under under under under under $3.60................... $3.70................... $3.80................... $3.90................... $4.00................... $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 $4.30 $4.40 and and and and and under under under under under $4.10................__ $4.20................... $4.30................... $4.40................... $4.50................... $4.50 $4.60 $4.70 $4.80 $4.90 and and and and and under under under under under $4.60................... $4.70..............__ _ $4.80................... $4.90................... $5.00..............____ $5.00 $5.10 $5.20 $5.30 $5.40 and and and and and under under under under under $5.10................... $5.20................... $5.30................... $5.40................... $5.50.............__ ... $5.50 $5.60 $5.70 $5.80 $5.90 and and and and and under under under under under $5.60................... $5.70.................. $5.80................... $5.90................... $6.00................... $6 . 0 0 $6 . 1 0 $6 . 2 0 $6.30 $6.40 and and and and and under under under under under $6 .1 0 ................... $6 .2 0 ................... $6.30................... $6.40................... $6.50................... “ ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~ . ~ T i ~ ~ 1 — 1 1 1 ~ — - — — "l — - ~ ~ — ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ — — ~ Ho formal minimum....................... 5 10 H one hi red .............................. 1 1 16 - — ~ ~ — 2 g — ~ “ ~ i - - ~ — “ T ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 — — — 1 1 1 - — — — — — — — - “ — - — — ■— - — — - 1 2 — ~ - - - - 4 1 - 1 1 — - T 1 1 1 - 2 ~ 1 T 4 ~ T ~ T - ~ 3 — "l — 1 - 1 ~ - “ — 2 ~ ~ ~ — - - — ~ — ~ - — — — — 1 1 1 — 1 •j 1 ' — 1 4 — — $6.50 and over......................___ See footnotes at end o f table. 7 12 12 3 31 18 11 15 6 2 13 5 23 12 29 9 Table 8. Minimum entrance rates: Appliance technicians-—Continued (Num ber o f establishments studied by formally established minimum hourly entrance (hiring) rates1 for appliance repair technicians, appliance repair facilities, 19 selected areas, November 1975) Minimum rate Miami MinneSan apolis- Nassau- Newark New York Phila St. Louis FranciscoSt. Paul Suffolk delphia Oakland Washing ton 17 28 37 31 102 56 37 30 39 5 7 3 5 10 14 g 15 3 — - — — — — - Establishments having a specified ~ ~ “ - $3.60 $3.70 $3.80 $3.90 and and and and under under under under $3.70.................. $3.80............__ .... $3.90................... $4.00................... $4.00 $4.10 $4.20 $4.30 $4.40 and and and and and under under under under under $4.10................... $4.20................... $4.30................... $4.40................... $4.50.......... $4.50 $4.60 $4.70 $4.80 $4.90 and and and and and under under under under under $4.60........ . $4.70...... . $4.80.......... $4.90................... $5.00................... $5.00 $5.10 $5.20 $5.30 $5.40 and and and and and under under under under under $5.10........... $5.70...........______ T $5.10..........._______ $5.U 0 . _______ $5.50............______ $5.50 $5.60 $5.70 $5.80 $5.90 and under $5.fi0...........___ -___ and under $5.70................... and unde r $5.80T___ ........______ and under $ 5 . 9 0 . . . and under $6 . 0 0 . . $6 . 0 0 $6 . 1 0 $6 . 2 0 $6.30 $6.40 and u n d e r $ f i . 1 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and under $ f i .70................... and under $6.30.• . . • • • * • » • • • • • • • • • and under $6.40.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and under $6.50.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • ~ ~ — ~ — - ~ — ~ ~ ” — ~ — ~ ~ — “ — ~ “ ~ — ~ - — — — - ~ — — - — 3 ~ 7 ~ 2 1 - — ~ ~ 7 — 1 - 2 1 — — — ~\ — ~ ~ T 1 — — ~ ~ - ~ ~ — 7 1 1 — 1 ~ ~ ~ 2 1 "T — - — 1 ~ 7 1 1 ~ — 1 1 1 1 - — — — - ~ — ~ — - — — — — 7 — — — — - 7 - — — — - — — - - 7 6 — — - - - - — — — - — - 7 — — — — — - - - — — — ~ - 2 — — - "i - " - — - - - - - — 2 - - 7 i ■j 1 - - 2 2 2 — 1 1 ~ — - — ~ ~ $6.50 and over.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ No formal minimum._______ _____ _____ __ 3 g 13 9 39 14 None h i red ...................... ........ 9 12 21 17 53 28 1 Minimum entrance rate refers to the lowest formal hiring rate established for journeyman technicians. 7 22 12 NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals, 25 Table 9. W eekly work schedules (Percent of service technicians and apprentices in appliance repair facilities by scheduled weekly hours and days,1 19 selected areas, November 1975) Weekly hours All workers.............................. Under 37.5 hours......................... 4.5 days............................... 5 days............... ............. . 5.5 days............................... 37.5 hours.............. ................ 5 days....... ......................... 40 hours................................. 4 days................................. 5 days. ........................ ....... 5.5 days............................... 6 days................................. Over 40 and under 45 hours............... 5 days................................. 5 . 5 days.... .............. ........... 6 days................................. 45 hours................................. 5 days................................. 5 . 5 days............................... 6 days...... .......................... Over 45 and under 48 hours............. . 5 days................................. 5.5 days.............. ................ 6 days.............................. . 48 hours................................. 5 days................................. 5.5 days............................... 6 days.................... ............ Over 48 hours............................ 6 days..... ........................... Atlanta Boston Buffalo Chicago 100 Under 37.5 hours......................... 4.5 days......... ..................... 5 days................................. 5.5 days..... ......................... 37.5 hours............................ . 5 days................................. 40 hours................................. 4 days................................. 5 days................................. 5.5 days........ ...................... 6 days................................. Over 40 and under 45 hours............... 5 days....... ......................... 5.5 days............................... 6 days............. ................... 45 hours................................. 5 days................................. 5.5 days.... .................. ....... 6 days................................. Over 45 and under 48 hours............... 5 days................................. 5.5 days........... ................... 6 days................................. 48 hours................................. 5 days..... -.......................... 5.5 days............... ............... 6 days................................ . Over 48 hours......... ............ ..... 6 days.............................. . 100 100 100 100 100 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 78 87 87 78 87 84 2 22 12 9 12 9 2 _ 3 _ 2 2 91 91 5 1 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ (2) _ _ _ _ _ 2 10 _ 1 _ 2 10 - - 1 (2) (2) _ - 100 82 2 _ _ 100 100 _ _ 67 90 1 1 90 6 6 61 86 80 67 89 90 _ 21 4 17 _ _ _ 59 2 _ 10 13 9 3 5 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ - 100 2 2 100 92 98 93 100 92 98 92 1 (2) (2) (2) (2) 15 3 2 2 15 1 1 _ 5 5 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 _ 1 _ 12 2 - - - 9 9 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ 100 (2) _ 5 1 2 1 _ _ _ 4 4 _ _ 1 _ 3 _ _ 15 15 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 3 10 - Washing ton 100 100 100 5 5 85 2 84 100 90 100 90 (2) (2) 1 1 86 86 (2) 6 1 5 7 7 i 2 2 1 2 _ _ 86 2 (2) 1 2 2 82 1 _ San Minneapolis- Nassau- Newark New York Phila St. Louis FranciscoSt. Paul Suffoik Oakland delphia 100 100 2 _ 4 4 80 _ _ _ _ 100 Memphis _ _ 2 _ _ (2) _ 100 1 2 Miami All workers.............................. 100 Los Cleve Dallas- Denver- Kansas Angelesland Port Boulder City Long north Beach (2) (2) 1 (2) (2) 2 5 2 _ _ 5 2 - 3 - 1 Data relate to the predominant schedule for full-time day-shift workers in each establishment. 2 Less than 0.5 percent. - 3 - - T 4 (2) 3 1 1 _ _ - - 10 1 9 NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals, - Table 10. Overtime premium pay (Percent of service technicians and apprentices in appliance repair facilities w ith provisions for daily or weekly overtime, by rate of pay and hours after which effective, 19 selected areas, November 1975) Item Atlanta Boston Buffalo Chicago Los Cleve Dallas- Denver- Kansas Angelesland Port Boulder City Long North Beach All workers Memphis 100 Daily overtine rate and hours after which effective: Time and one-half: Less than 8 hours............... 8 hours....... ............ . 2 52 60 59 78 55 3 90 <17 62 3 70 92 92 95 ■eekly overtine rate and hours after which effective: Time 37 90 90 95 and one-half: 1/2 hours.................... hours........................ to 95 hours.................. to 98 hours.................. 3 77 2 89 1 76 1 9 ( 1) 2 Double time 90 hours. Minneapolis- NassauSt. Paul Suffolk San FranciscoOakland Phila delphia Washing ton All workers, Daily overtine rate and hours after which effective: Time and one-half: Less than 8 hours............... 8 hours.................. ...... 61 91 55 5 (D 68 97 100 96 1 71 69 ■eekly overtine rate and hours after which effective: Time 37 90 90 95 and one-half: 1/2 hours..... ....... ...... hours.......... ............. to 95 hours.................. to 98 hours.................. 61 (D 1 93 99 2 1 Double time 90 hours., Less than 0.5 percent. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. 98 Table 11. Paid holidays (Percent o f service technicians and apprentices in appliance repair facilities w ith formal provisions for paid holidays, 19 selected areas, November 1975) Number of paid holidays All workers.............................. Workers in establishments providing paid holidays........................... 3 days................................. 4 days................................. 5 days................................. 5 days plus 2 half days................ 6 days................................ 6 days plus 1, 2f or 3 half days....... 7 days......... ....................... 7 days plus 1, 2, or 3 half days..... . 8 days................................. 8 days plus 1 or 2 half days........... 9 days................................. 9 days plus 1 or 2 half days........... 10 days........ ...................... . 10 days plus 2 half days............... 11 days................................ 11 days plus 2 half days...... ........ 12 days................................ 13 days................................ 13 days plus 5 half days.... .......... 14 days............... ................ 15 days plus 1 half day.... ........... Atlanta Boston Buffalo Chicago Workers in establishments providing paid holidays............................ 3 days.................................. 4 da ys..............................__ _ 5 days..............................__ _ 5 days plus 7. half days___ ____________ 6 days. ...........___ ...__ ________ __ 6 days plus 1 , ?f or 3 half days_____ _ 7 days..........................__ ..... 7 days plus 1, 2 , or 3 half days........ 8 days.....___ ..........______________ 8 days plus 1 or 2 half days............ 9 days.................................. 9 days plus 1 or 2 half days............ 10 days. ..................___________ _ 10 days plus ? half days.........__ .... 11 da ys................................. 11 days plus 2 half days.........___ ... 12 da ys................................. 13 days................................. 13 days plus 5 half days................ 14 days................................. 15 days plus 1 half day................. Less than 0.5 percent. Memphis 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 94 99 1 91 99 96 98 98 100 8 97 91 7 2 7 33 24 7 35 4 7 1 30 5 15 1 7 37 33 33 47 3 5 18 9 30 2 13 12 7 T 11 9 2 9 1 T 2 44 i7 6 10 55 7 5 10 16 9 38 1 15 27 3 9 17 24 44 10 22 10 2 24 4 2 6 26 3 4 7 45 7 7 Miami All workers....__ ......__.......________ Los Cleve Dallas- Denver- Kansas Angelesland Port Boulder City Long Worth Beach MinneSan apolis- Nassau- Newark New York Phila St. Louis FranciscoSt. Paul Suffolk Oakland delphia Washing ton 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 94 99 100 100 100 100 100 100 1 2 ~ 21 6 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 20 1 22 32 8 32 13 8 10 2 18 19 — 8 2 4 43 27 14 9 7 14 2 1 7 7 — — 27 2 1 23 4 5 2 2 25 17 44 29 28 23 4 12 1 24 2 2 8 3 19 23 25 4 13 (D 1 2 ~ - “ ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~ — — — — 3 - ~ ~ i d) 7 (7 ) - 9 5 19 "l 15 25 1 2 ~ g 22 15 17 - - — - — 3 5 (D 3 - ~ ~ NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. - - Table 12. Paid vacations (Percent of service technicians and apprentices in appliance repair facilities with formal provisions for paid vacations, 19 selected areas, November 1975) Vacation policy All workers............................. Atlanta Boston Buffalo Chicago Los Cleve Dallas- Denver- Kansas Angelesland Fort Boulder City Long Worth Beach Memphis 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 94 94 100 99 100 100 98 98 100 100 98 97 99 82 17 100 100 86 76 11 - 7 - - - 2 - - - 100 96 2 2 - 29 52 37 3£ 69 40 1 59 26 47 (2) 42 4 53 2 59 60 49 2 49 24 28 14 70 71 (2) 78 23 1 65 15 11 84 (2) 80 lethod of payment Workers in establishments providing paid vacations.......................... Length-of-time payment................. Percentage payment....... ............. Plat-sum payment.................... . . Other................................. - Amount of vacation payl/ After 1 year of service: Under 1 week.................... 1 week...... ........... .............. Over 1 and under 2 weeks............... 2 weeks....................... . Over 2 and under 3 weeks............... 38 8 53 (2) 39 59 60 After 2 years of service: 1 week................................. Over 1 and under 2 weeks..... ......... 2 weeks...................... ...... . Over 2 and under 3 weeks............... 10 20 88 78 2 8 (2) 12 21 7 11 2 7 77 78 93 87 1 84 2 After 3 years of service: 1 week................................. Over 1 and under 2 weeks............... 2 weeks.......... .................... . Over 2 and under 3 weeks.............. 3 weeks...................... ......... 4 weeks............................... 3 1 3 9 10 93 (2) 1 89 2 79 2 8 12 7 11 87 88 87 1 7 6 86 After 5 years of service: 1 week....................... ......... Over 1 and under 2 weeks.............. 2 weeks................................ Over 2 and under 3 weeks..... ......... 3 weeks................................ Over 3 and under 4 weeks........ ....... 4 weeks.............. ............. . 17 4 7 53 22 74 8 71 13 3 12 9 3 2 6 5 8 79 11 73 2 81 55 80 7 5 7 9 13 27 6 7 80 (2) 15 6 See footnotes at end of table. 7 2 After 10 years of service: 1 week............ .................... Over 1 and under 2 weeks............... 2 weeks................................ Over 2 and under 3 weeks.............. 3 weeks................ ............... Over 3 and under 4 weeks............... 4 weeks................ .......... . 85 5 17 4 18 1 37 55 57 3 2 7 8 21 4 59 3 2 6 5 8 15 47 4 45 2 45 28 47 80 55 2 42 2 52 67 22 1 68 7 7 45 Table 12. Paid vacations—Continued (Percent of service technicians and apprentices in appliance repair facilities w ith formal provisions for paid vacations, 19 selected areas, November 1975) Vacation policy After 15 years of service: 1 veek..................... ....... . Over 1 and under 2 weeks............... 2 weeks...................... ...... . Over 2 and under 3 weeks............... 3 weeks................................ Over 3 and under 4 weeks............... 4 weeks....... ................ ...... . Over 4 and under 5 weeks..... ......... 5 weeks...................... ......... After 20 years of service: 1 veek............... ................. Over 1 and under 2 weeks............... 2 weeks........................ ....... Over 2 and under 3 weeks......... . 3 weeks.......... ..................... Over 3 and under 4 weeks............... 4 weeks................................ Over 4 and under 5 weeks............... 5 weeks................................ After 25 years of service: 1 week................................. Over 1 and under 2 weeks............... 2 weeks................................ Over 2 and under 3 weeks.............. 3 weeks................. .............. Over 3 and under 4 weeks............... 4 weeks............. .................. Over 4 and under 5 weeks............... 5 weeks.............. . ................ 6 weeks................................ After 30 years of service:3/ 1 week................................. Over 1 and under 2 weeks............... 2 weeks................................ Over 2 and under 3 weeks.............. 3 weeks.......................... . Over 3 and under 4 weeks............ . 4 weeks................................ Over 4 and under 5 weeks............. 5 weeks.......... .................. . 6 weeks............... ........ . 7 weeks............................. . See footnotes at end o f table. Atlanta Boston Buffalo Chicago 17 4 14 37 7 8 20 43 30 20 20 28 45 3 2 14 4T 4 14 37 7 8 20 6 4 43 _ 5 8 26 22 1 24 41 _ _ 44 46 1 _ 12 15 28 28 31 _ 26 _ _ 4*1 _ 3 2 13 4T 6 4 38 2 43 6 22 20 20 8 10 18 57 36 45 61 47 2 4T 36 1 1 (2) Memphis 2 43 42 2 _ 4T 2 38 _ 17 Los Cleve Dallas- Denver- Kansas Angelesland Port Boulder City Long Beach North _ 5 8 26 22 1 6 7 9 ~\ 25 1 36 _ _ 41 46 _ _ 17 4 2 8 13 41 6 4 38 5 37 7 8 20 3 14 2 43 26 4? 6 22 20 20 8 10 18 7 22 1 6 14 6 20 8 11 16 21 1 43 30 46 3 2 43 _ 33 25 47 42 45 _ 5 8 26 17 4 14 37 7 8 20 20 41 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 2 13 41 6 4 38 2 43 20 8 10 18 7 22 1 6 20 3 2 43 8 4 6 17 T 33 33 43 14 46 45 - - - - - - 6 22 14 3 43 33 46 35 6 - - - - _ _ 41 _ _ Table 12. Paid vacations—Continued (Percent of service technicians and apprentices in appliance repair facilities with formal provisions for paid vacations, 19 selected areas, November 1975) V a c a t io n p o lic y Miami MinneSan apolis- Nassau- Newark New York Phila St. Louis FranciscoSt. Paul Suffolk delphia Oakland Washing ton 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 86 86 99 99 100 100 100 100 99 99 100 100 100 100 “ ~ ~ — - 99 99 - 45 (2 ) 55 50 49 43 49 51 54 ■j 16 f21 83 (2 ) 31 i 67 10 •j-j 10 85 8*8 83 5 8 Method of payment Workers in establishments providing paid vacations...................... ..... Length-of-time payment............. ..... Percentage payment...................... Flat-sum payment....................... Other.................................. 98 2 (2 ) _ Amount of vacation payj/ After 1 year of service: Under 1 week............... . 1 week.................................. Over 1 and under 2 weeks................ 2 weeks ..............................__ Over 2 and under 3 weeks................ 46 42 32 37 54 40 67 69 1 week.................................. 23 20 16 12 Over 1 and under 2 weeks................ 2 weeks......................__........ Over 2 and under 3 weeks................ 77 67 83 88 19 7 7 2 12 (2 ) 15 g g 81 78 87 98 80 90 1 g 84 (2 ) 3 - - 13 ~ 3 ~ 5 2 ~ 5 ~ 5 69 17 77 g 82 76 2 12 ~ After 2 years of service: _ ~ After 3 years of service: 1 week.........................___ _____ Over 1 and under 2 weeks.........._____ 2 weeks........ ............. .... ..... Over 2 and under 3 weeks................ 3 weeks................................. 4 weeks................................. After 5 years of service: 1 week.................................. Over 1 and under 2 weeks................ 2 weeks................................. Over 2 and under 3 weeks............... 3 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over 3 and under 4 weeks................ 4 weeks.........._____ ____ .....______r After 10 years of service: 1 week ............__ ______.......____ T See footnotes at end of table. ~ ~ ~ 13 22 ~ ~ 7 (2 ) 80 5 3 g 1 ■j 7 93 87 - TT 1 7 2 - 3 65 76 82 5 5 76 11 35 15 ~ - g ~ ~ - - ~ ~ ~ 5 2 7 5 5 ~ 3 — 52 13 34 - Table 12. Paid vacations—Continued (Percent of service technicians and apprentices in appliance repair facilities w ith formal provisions for paid vacations, 19 selected areas, November 1975) Vacation policy Aaount of vacation pay1/ After 10 years of service: Over 1 and under 2 weeks............... 2 weeks............................. . Over 2 and under 3 weeks.............. 3 weeks................................ Over 3 and under 4 weeks............... <1 weeks................................ After 15 years of service: 1 week................................. Over 1 and under 2 weeks............. . 2 weeks................................ Over 2 and under 3 weeks.............. 3 weeks.............. ................. Over 3 and under 4 weeks............... 4 weeks...... ............ ............ Over 4 and under 5 weeks............... 5 weeks................................ After 20 years of service: 1 week.... ............................ Over 1 and under 2 weeks........ . 2 weeks...................... ......... Over 2 and under 3 weeks.............. 3 weeks............... ................ Over 3 and under 4 weeks............... 4 weeks..... ........... .............. Over 4 and under 5 weeks............. . 5 weeks.... ........................... After 25 years of service: 1 week................................. Over 1 and under 2 weeks............... 2 weeks..................... ..... . Over 2 and under 3 weeks.............. 3 weeks..... ....................... . Over 3 and under 4 weeks............... 4 weeks................. .............. Over 4 and under 5 weeks.......... . 5 weeks................................ 6 weeks................................ After 30 years of service:3/ 1 week............. ................... Over 1 and under 2 weeks............... 2 weeks.............. ................. Over 2 and under 3 weeks............ . 3 weeks.............. ........ ....... . Over 3 and under 4 weeks.............. . 4 weeks........................ ....... Over 4 and under 5 weeks............... 5 weeks............................... . 6 weeks................................. 7 weeks................................ Miami MinneSan apolis- Nassau- Newark New York Phila St. Louis FranciscoSt. Paul Suffolk delphia Oakland (2) 38 23 40 30 34 64 43 64 64 54 (2) (2) 13 3 5 2 23 35 30 29 7 (2) 37 29 1 26 25 47 7 (2) 37 5 5 28 38 23 4 22 27 12 60 26 37 57 13 3 5 2 23 35 30 29 4 7 24 3 40 65 59 u l (2) 13 3 5 2 23 35 30 29 7 24 3 16 2 32 8 48 37 1 9 57 13 3 5 2 23 35 30 29 7 24 3 16 2 32 8 48 37 1 9 57 ~ 1 Vacation payments such as percent of annual earnings, were converted to an equivalent time basis. Periods of service were chosen arbitrarily and do not necessarily reflect individual establishment provisions for progression. For example, changes indicated at 10 years may include changes that occurred between 5 and 10 years. ~ Washing ton 34 3 56 47 25 37 54 58 1 16 54 5 5 28 38 23 37 15 29 25 42 48 40 17 3 3 37 19 (2) 29 19 12 16 17 46 45 54 7 7 7 46 1 14 7 (2) 37 5 5 28 38 23 37 16 i7 3 19 (2) 11 19 12 8 17 l7 19 25 38 1 35 50 35 23 37 7 (2) 37 5 5 28 38 19 (2) 11 19 12 16 17 8 17 17 12 25 38 35 50 47 “ 7 ~ 3 — 2 Less than 0.5 percent, 3 Vacation provisions were virtually the same after longer periods of service, NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. ~ ~ Table 13. Health, insurance, and retirement plans (Percent of service technicians and apprentices in appliance repair facilities w ith specified health, insurance, and retirement plans,1 19 selected areas, November 1975) Type of plan All workers.............................. Workers in establishments providing: Life insurance................ ....... Noncontibutory plans............... Accidental death and dismemberment insurance................... Noncontributory plans.............. Sickness and accident insurance or sick leave or both2/............. Sickness and accident insurance.... Noncontributory plans............ Sick leave (full pay no waiting period)................ Sick leave (partial pay or waiting period)................ Long-term disability insurance........ Noncontributory plans.............. Hospitalization insurance............. Noncontributory plans.............. Surgical insurance........ ........... Noncontributory plans.............. Medical insurance..................... Noncontributory plans......... . Major medical insurance............... Noncontributory plans....... . Retirement plans3/.................... Pensions........................ . Noncontributory plans............ Severance pay...................... Atlanta Boston Buffalo Chicago Workers in establishments providing: Life insurance....................... . Noncontibutory plans............... Accidental death and dismem berment insurance......... ..... . Noncontributory plans.............. Sickness and accident insurance or sick leave or both2/..... ........ Sickness and accident insurance.... Noncontributory plans............ Sick leave (full pay no waiting period)............ . Sick leave (partial pay or waiting period)................ Long-term disability insurance........ Noncontributory plans.............. Hospitalization insurance............. Noncontributory plans.............. Surgical insurance.................... Noncontributory plans.............. Medical insurance..................... Noncontributory plans.............. Major medical insurance.... .......... Noncontributory plans.............. Retirement plans3/.................... Pensions........................... Noncontributory plans............ Severance pay...................... Memphis 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 40 72 43 65 28 93 39 71 31 71 44 63 41 92 52 87 42 81 79 35 63 34 24 19 49 32 57 20 56 36 45 29 74 34 84 37 22 79 20 19 75 31 21 84 45 12 82 34 26 71 37 32 76 32 22 55 21 12 79 35 8 46 6 6 60 7 42 41 75 39 14 32 28 29 40 2 37 1 1 98 41 98 41 69 41 98 41 69 69 26 16 24 3 86 41 86 41 86 41 86 41 51 50 22 2 9 1 29 30 38 3 23 31 97 43 97 43 67 42 92 40 38 33 21 5 d l 32 77 28 77 28 72 26 67 65 17 2 96 42 96 42 96 42 95 42 49 49 12 - 33 53 1 92 33 92 33 92 33 92 33 69 69 21 14 6 49 8 93 39 93 39 93 39 91 38 31 31 24 - 51 85 50 85 50 53 50 51 17 70 70 19 16 11 11 80 40 80 40 80 40 77 40 53 53 20 - Miami All workers.......... ................. . Los Cleve Dallas- Denver- Kansas Angelesland Fort Long Boulder City Worth Beach MinneSan apolis- Nassau- Newark New Tork Phila St. Louis FranciscoSt. Paul Suffoik delphia Oakland 86 5 86 5 35 5 86 5 52 52 7 Washin ton 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 83 46 78 39 69 35 74 44 63 50 70 40 70 37 78 51 73 37 46 38 75 36 59 28 65 36 51 39 39 34 58 29 78 51 68 '30 69 38 35 72 67 27 82 24 24 77 30 30 72 23 23 72 37 33 74 28 23 76 17 8 79 42 21 37 27 41 53 47 40 41 48 34 29 21 7 3 94 51 94 51 94 51 94 51 46 45 12 1 28 5 19 25 35 90 52 90 52 78 42 81 45 68 68 14 29 18 17 87 51 85 49 87 51 73 40 60 59 29 1 28 19 90 52 90 52 83 44 72 36 57 55 14 2 12 4 <<♦) 81 65 81 65 64 56 58 41 51 51 26 9l 56 91 56 91 56 76 39 55 55 38 93 52 93 52 93 52 93 52 59 59 3 23 51 3 96 36 96 36 96 36 91 22 49 49 17 83 42 83 42 58 42 75 38 55 55 20 - 1 Includes those plans for which the employer pays at least part of the cost and excludes legally required plans such as workers' compensation and social security; however, plans required by State temporary disability laws are included if the employer contributes more than is legally required or the employees receive benefits in excess of legal requirements. "Noncontributory plans" include only those financed entirely by the employer. _ - _ _ _ 2 Unduplicated total of workers receiving sickness and accident insurance and sick leave shown separately. 3 Unduplicated total of workers covered by pension plans and severance pay shown separately. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Table 14. Other selected benefits (Percent of service technicians and apprentices in appliance repair facilities with provisions for specified benefits,1 19 selected areas, November 1975) Type of benefit All workers.............................. 10 10 Borkers in establishments with provisions for: Funeral leave pay.................... Jury duty pay........................ Commissions paid to technicians for the sale of: Maintenance contracts...... . Parts.............................. Appliances (including television sets, radios,etc.)................ Employer provides: Uniforms........................... Uniforms and cleaning.............. Monetary allowance for uniforms and/or cleaning................... Formal apprenticeship training program for: Tv-radio technicians............... Electrical appliance technicians.... Atlanta Boston Buffalo Chicago Workers in establishments with provisions for: Funeral leave pay.................... Jury duty pay........................ Commissions paid to technicians for the sale of: Maintenance contracts.............. Parts.............................. Appliances (including television sets, radios,etc.)................ Employer provides: Uniforms........................... Uniforms and cleaning.............. Monetary allowance for uniforms and/or cleaning................... Formal apprenticeship training program for: Tv-radio technicians............... Electrical appliance technicians.... 1 For definition of benefits, see appendix A. 2 Less than 0.5 percent. Memphis 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 68 84 76 53 60 73 72 72 50 50 44 52 39 51 87 88 31 28 47 48 37 14 19 9 49 12 25 14 10 6 32 26 26 7 45 45 31 53 51 4 7 15 20 8 12 9 5 14 40 39 10 54 7 35 10 34 17 34 7 50 28 61 12 2 11 14 14 3 2 14 13 43 45 37 35 10 5 33 33 54 45 51 51 9 14 30 13 24 27 11 38 37 Miami All workers........... .................. Los Cleve Dallas- Denver- Kansas Angelesland Fort Boulder City Long Worth Beach 4 6 12 12 MinneSan apolis- Nassau- Newark New York Phila St. Louis FranciscoSt. Paul Suffolk Oakland delphia Washing ton 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 77 73 53 65 60 62 69 69 53 44 68 61 58 56 43 44 52 47 42 13 14 33 52 16 59 6 43 20 42 10 31 20 27 3 36 5 13 5 6 3 8 6 9 46 14 66 20 33 58 13 19 25 40 4 39 1 57 23 11 40 2 3 1 1 4 7 56 66 33 22 44 47 27 22 8 8 41 35 2 35 35 (2) 47 40 38 28 NOTE (2) Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. 9 Appendix A. Scope and Method of Survey had at least one employee involved in repairing major electrical household appliances. Appliance repair facilities owned and operated by public utilities were excluded. The number of establishments and workers actually studied by the Bureau, as well as the number estimated to be within the scope of the survey during the payroll period studied, are shown in table A-l. Scope of survey The survey included the appliance repair facilities of establishments classified in the following industry groups, as defined in the 1967 Standard Industrial Classification Manual, prepared by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget: Wholesale trade (5064)—electrical appliances, tele vision sets and radio sets; retail trade (5311, 5732, and part of 5722)—department stores (employing 25 workers or more), household appliance stores, and radio and tele vision stores; services (762)—electrical repair shops primarily engaged in the repair of major electrical appliances, such as stereos, refrigerators, television sets, and washers. The survey included only those establishments which employed four workers or more, except where otherwise specified. The survey also included large manufacturers of major household appliances whose repair facilities are reported in other industries. The universe of establishments in the above industries was refined to include only those establishments which Method of study Data were obtained by personal visits of the Bureau’s field staff to a representative sample of establishments within the scope of the survey. To obtain appropriate accuracy at a minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of small establishments was studied. In combining the data, however, all establishments were given an ap propriate weight. All estimates are presented, therefore, as relating to all establishments in the industry, excluding Table A-1. Estimated number of establishments and workers within scope of the survey, and number studied, electrical appliance repair facilities, November 1975 Workers in establishments Number of establishments2/ Within scope of study AreaJ/ Hithin scope of study Studied Total3/ Nonsupervisory service workers Technicians and Total4/ apprentices Actually studied Total, 19 areas.......................... 2258 708 252,343 20,823 16,596 12,960 Atlanta.................................. Boston............. ..................... Buffalo.................................. Chicago....... .................. ....... Cleveland................ ............... Dallas-Fort Worth.......... ............. Denver-Boulder........................... Kansas City.................... - ........ Los Angeles-Long Beach................... Memphis..................... ............ Miami.................................... Minneapolis-St. Paul........... ......... Nassau-Suf folk................ .......... Newark................................... New York................................. Philadelphia............................. St. Louis................................ San Francisco-Oakland.................... Washington..... ........................ 66 113 50 211 90 142 98 47 196 33 50 92 100 78 308 203 117 109 155 22 34 24 66 27 37 34 20 52 15 17 28 37 31 102 56 37 30 39 15,784 2,739 987 55,379 12,444 21,165 9,853 6,871 19,858 5,615 8,773 20,998 1,742 1,443 4,230 13,947 12,995 10,121 27,399 977 706 371 2,806 888 1, 159 718 498 2,536 227 399 980 707 589 1,83 3 2,133 709 1, 106 1,481 647 614 333 2, 158 743 970 536 394 2,258 199 330 626 591 498 1,526 1,548 632 846 1, 147 687 354 275 1,836 476 610 502 392 1,853 160 288 559 487 420 947 1,212 1 For definition of areas, see appendix A. 2 Includes only establishments, which, at the time of refenence of the universe data, employed 4 workers or more (except department stores where the minimum size was 25 workers) and had at least 1 employee involved in repairing major household 422 691 789 appliances. 3 Includes all employees of the establishments. 4 Includes all nonsupervisory, nonoffice workers engaged in the major household electrical repair activities of the establishments. 23 only those below the minimum size at the time of refer ence of the universe data. New Y o rk ............................ Bronx, Kings, New York, Put nam, Queens, Richmond, Rockland, and Westchester County, N.Y. and Bergen County, N.J. Establishment definition Philadelphia......................... Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadel phia Counties, Pa.; and Bur lington, Camden, and Glou cester Counties, N.J. An establishment is defined for this study as all outlets of a company within a specified area. St. L ouis...............................St. Louis City, Franklin, Jef ferson, St. Charles, St. Louis Counties, Mo.; and Clinton, Madison, Monroe, and St. Clair Counties, 111. Area definitions The areas studied were Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas as defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget through February 8, 1974, and included: San Francisco-Oakland . . . Alameda, Contra Costa, Ma rin, San Francisco, and San Mateo Counties. A tlan ta............................... . Butts, Cherokee, Clayton, Cobb, DeKalb, Douglas, Fay ette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwin nett, Henry, Newton, Pauld ing, Rockdale, and Walton Counties. W ashington..........................District of Columbia; Charles, Montgomery, and Prince Georges Counties, Md.; Alex andria, Fairfax, Falls Church Cities, Va.; and Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William Counties, Va. B o s to n ............................... . Suffolk County, 16 communities in Essex County, 34 in Middlesex County, 26 in Norfolk County, and 12 in Plymouth County. Employment B uffalo............................... . Erie and Niagara Counties. Estimates of the number of workers within the scope of the study are intended as a general guide to the size and composition of the industry’s labor force, rather than as precise measures of employment. Chicago ............................ . Cook, Du Page, Kane, Lake, McHenry, and Will Counties. Cleveland .......................... . Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, and Medina Counties. Dallas-Fort W o rth ............. . Collin, Dallas, Denton, Ellis, Hood, Johnson, Kaufman, Parker, Rockwall, Tarrant, and Wise Counties. Nonsupervisory service workers The term “nonsupervisory service workers,” as used in this bulletin, includes all nonsupervisory, nonoffice workers engaged in the major appliance service (repair) function in the establishment. Denver-Boulder............... . Adams, Arapahoe, Boulder, Denver, Douglas, Gilpin, and Jefferson Counties. Kansas C ity ....................... . Cass, Clay, Jackson, Platte, and Ray Counties, Mo.; and Johnson, and Wyandotte Counties, Kans. Occupations selected for study Occupational classification was based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of inter establishment and interarea variations in duties within the same job. (See appendix B for these descriptions.) The criteria for selection of the occupations were: The number of workers in the occupation; the usefulness of the data in collective bargaining; and appropriate representation of the entire job scale in the industry. Working supervisors and handicapped, part-time, and temporary workers were excluded. Los Angeles-Long Beach . . Los Angeles County. Memphis............................ . Shelby, and Tipton Counties, Tenn.; Crittenden County, Ark.; and DeSoto County, Miss. Miami................................. . Dade County. Minneapolis-St. Paul . . . . . Anoka, Carver, Chicago, Dakota, Hennepin, Ramsey, Scott, Washington, and Wright Counties, Minn., and St. Croix County, Wis. Wage data Nassau-Suffolk.................. . Nassau and Suffolk Counties. Information on wages related to straight-time hourly earnings, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work Newark............................... . Essex, Morris, Somerset, and Union Counties. 24 Minimum rates on weekends, holidays, and late shifts, as well as com missions paid for the sales of maintenance contracts, parts, or appliances. Premiums paid for licenses held by employees, if any, are included. Incentive payments, such as those based on flat-rate hours, flat-rate percentages or other piecework or production bonus systems, and cost-of-living bonuses were included as part of the workers’ regular pay. Nonproduction bonus payments, such as Christmas and year-end bonuses, were excluded. Minimum entrance rates are the lowest formal minimum entrance or hiring rate for journeyman (qualified) techni cians. Scheduled weekly hours Data on weekly hours refer to the predominant work schedule for full-time classified workers employed on the day shift. Average (mean) hourly rates or earnings for each occupa tion were calculated by weighting each rate (or hourly earnings) by the number of workers receiving the rate, totaling, and dividing by the number of individuals. The hourly earnings of salaried workers were obtained by dividing straight-time salary by normal rather than actual hours. Supplementary benefits Supplementary benefits in an establishment were con sidered applicable to all classified workers if they applied to half or more of such workers in the establishment. Similarly, if fewer than half of the workers were covered, the benefit was considered nonexistent in the establish ment. Because of length-of-service and other eligibility requirements, the proportion of workers receiving the benefits may be smaller than estimated. Method of wage payment Tabulations by method of wage payment relate to the number of workers paid under the various time and incentive wage systems. Formal rate structures for time-rated workers provide single rates or a range of rates for individual job categories. In the absence of a formal rate structure, pay rates are determined primarily by the qualifications of the individual worker. A single rate structure is one in which the same rate is paid to all experienced workers in the same job classification. (Learners, apprentices, or proba tionary workers may be paid according to rate schedules which start below the single rate and permit the workers to achieve the full job rate over a period of time.) An experienced worker occasionally may be paid above or below the single rate for special reasons, but such pay ments are exceptions. Range-of-rate plans are those in which the minimum, maximum or both of these rates paid experienced workers for the same job are specified. Specific rates of individual workers within the range may be determined by merit, length of service, or a combina tion of these. Incentive workers are classified under piece work, bonus plans, flat-rate hours, or flat-rate percentage plans. Piecework is work for which a predetermined rate is paid for each unit of output. Production bonuses are for production in excess of a quota or for completion of a task in less than standard time. Flat-rate hours is a method of pay computed by multiplying the number of hours es tablished for the job by an hourly rate, regardless of the time actually required to complete the work. Flat-rate per centage is a stipulated percentage of the labor cost charged to the customer. Overtime premium pay. Data for “daily overtime” refer to work in excess of a specified number of hours a day, regardless of the number of hours worked on previous days of the pay period. “Weekly overtime” refers to work in excess of a specified number of hours per week, regard less of the day on which it is performed, the number of hours per day, or number of days worked. Paid holidays. Paid holiday provisions relate to full-day and half-day holidays provided annually. Paid vacations. The summaries of vacation plans are limited to formal arrangements and exclude informal plans where by time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the employer or supervisor. Payments not on a time basis were converted; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered the equivalent of 1 week’s pay. The periods of service for which data are presented represent the most common practices, but they do not necessarily reflect individual establishment provisions for progression. For example, changes in pro portions indicated at 10 years of service may include changes which occurred between 5 and 10 years. Health, insurance, and retirement plans. Data are pre sented for health, insurance, pension, and retirement severance plans for which the employer pays all or a part of the cost, excluding programs required by law such as workers’ compensation and social security. Among plans included are those underwritten by a commercial insur ance company and those paid directly by the employer from current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. Frequency of wage payment Data relate to the frequency with which a majority of the full-time classified workers are paid by the establish ment. 25 and retirement pensions to employees were considered as having both retirement pensions and retirement sever ance plans; however, establishments having optional plans providing employees a choice of either retirement severance payments or pensions were considered as having only retirement pension benefits. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is limited to that type of insurance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the employer con tributes at least a part of the cost. However, in New York and New Jersey, where temporary disability insurance laws require employer contributions,1 plans are included only if the employer (1) contributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employees with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick leave plans are limited to formal plans which provide full pay or a proportion of the worker’s pay during absence from work because of illness; informal arrangements have been omitted. Separate tabula tions are provided for (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans providing either partial pay or a waiting period. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for com plete or partial payment of doctors’ fees. Such plans may be underwritten by a commercial insurance com pany or a nonprofit organization, or they may be a form of self-insurance. Major medical insurance, sometimes referred to as extended medical or catastrophe insurance, includes plans designed to cover employees for sickness or injury involving an expense which exceeds the normal coverage of hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans. Tabulations of retirement pensions are limited to plans which provide regular payments for the remainder of the retiree’s life. Data are presented separately for retirement severance pay (one payment or several over a specified period of time) made to employees on retirement. Estab lishments providing both retirement severance payments Paid funeral and jury-duty leave. Data for paid funeral and jury-duty leave relate to formal plans which provide at least partial payment for time lost as a result of attending funerals of specified family members or serving as a juror. Commissions. Data refer to formal plans providing the employee with monetary payments for the sale of maintenance contracts, parts, or appliances. Uniform allowances. Data relate to formal provisions for uniforms worn in lieu of or over the employee’s personal clothing. Apprenticeship training program. Data relate to formal plans providing supervised training and experience for a specified period of time. Job openings. Data relate to the unweighted number of full-time job openings and the number of these openings that have remained unfilled for 1 month or longer. A job opening is defined as a vacancy immediately available for filling and for which the firm is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment. ! The temporary disability insurance laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions. 26 Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing com parable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descrip tions, the Bureau’s field staff is instructed to exclude working supervisors, and handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. electrical components of gas-operated appliances) such as ranges, refrigerators, freezers, dishwashing machines, disposers, washers, dryers, and window air conditioners. (As a general rule, the distinction between major and small household appliances is that the former require installation while the latter do not.) Work includes most o f the following: Checks operation of appliance by sight and sound, using test meters to locate and isolate trouble area; as required disassembles appliance and examines mechanical and electrical parts; traces electrical circuits, following diagram, and locates trouble; cleans and washes parts; replaces worn or defective parts; repairs and adjusts appliance motors; reassembles appliance; and lubricates moving parts. May install appliances and test for satis factory operations. Includes only qualified technicians servicing consumer products and does not include learners or apprentices assigned to assist technicians. Does not include repairers of central air conditioning units or repairers of radios or television sets. For wage study purposes, workers are to be classified as follows: Inside (bench) Outside (home repair) Combination Television-radio technician Repairs and adjusts radio, television, stereo sets, tape players, and tape recorders, either in shop or households, using handtools and electronic testing instruments. Work includes most o f the following: Tunes sets and adjusts controls to locate source of trouble; tests voltages and resistance of circuits to isolate defects following schematic diagram and using voltmeter, oscilloscope, signal generator, and other electronic testing instruments; tests and changes tubes; solders loose connections; and repairs or replaces defective parts. May install television sets. Includes only qualified technicians servicing consumer products and does not include learners or apprentices assigned to as sist technicians. For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: Inside (bench) Outside (home repair) Combination Television-radio technician apprentice Assists in the repair and adjustment of radio, television, and stereo sets, tape players, and tape recorders under the direction of a qualified technician or other supervisor, while in a learning or apprenticeship (either formal or informal) period. Electrical appliance technician, apprentice Assists in the installation or repair of major electrical appliances (except radios and television sets) under direction of qualified technician or other supervisor, while in a learning or apprenticeship (either formal or informal) period. Electrical appliance technician Services and repairs major electrical appliances (and the 27 Industry Wage Studies The most recent reports providing occupational wage data for industries included in the Bureau’s program of industry wage surveys since 1960 are listed below. Copies are for sale from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402, or from any of its regional sales offices, and from the regional offices of the Bureau of Labor Statistics shown on the inside back cover. Copies that are out of stock are available for reference purposes at leading public, college, or university libraries, or at the Bureau’s Washington or regional offices. Manufacturing Basic Iron and Steel, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1839 Candy and Other Confectionery Products, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1732 Cigar Manufacturing, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1796 Cigarette Manufacturing, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1748 Fabricated Structural Steel, 1969. BLS Bulletin' 1695 Fertilizer Manufacturing, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1763 Flour and Other Grain Mill Products, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1803 Fluid Milk Industry, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1871 Footwear, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1792 Hosiery, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1863 Industrial Chemicals, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1768 Iron and Steel Foundries, Nov. 1973. BLS Bulletin 1894 Leather Tanning and Finishing, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1835 Machinery Manufacturing, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1859 Meat Products, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1896 Men’s and Boys’ Separate Trousers, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1906 Men’s and Boys’ Shirts (Except Work Shirts) and Nightwear, June 1974. Bulletin 1901 Men’s and Boys’ Suits and Coats, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1843 Miscellaneous Plastics Products, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1690 Motor Vehicles and Parts, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1912 Nonferrous Foundries, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1726 Paints and Varnishes, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1739 Paperboard Containers and Boxes, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1719 Petroleum Refining, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1741 Pressed or Blown Glass and Glassware, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1713 Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1844 Southern Sawmills and Planing Mills, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1694 Structural Clay Products, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1697 Manufacturing-Con tinned Synthetic Fibers, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1740 Textile Dyeing and Finishing, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1757 Textiles, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1801 West Coast Sawmilling, 1969. BLS Bulletin 1704 Women’s and Misses’ Coats and Suits, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1728 Women’s and Misses’ Dresses, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1908 Wood Household Furniture, Except Upholstered, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1793 Working Clothing, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1858 Nonmanufacturing Appliance Repair Shops, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1838 Auto Dealer Repair Shops, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1876 Banking, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1854 Bituminous Coal Mining, 1967. BLS Bulletin 1583 Communications, 1974. BLS Bulletin 1909 Contract Cleaning Services, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1778 Contract Construction, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1911 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Production, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1797 Department Stores, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1869 Educational Institutions: Non teaching Employees, 1968-69. BLS Bulletin 1671 Electric and Gas Utilities, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1834 Hospitals, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1829 Laundry and Cleaning Services, 1968. BLS Bulletin 16451 Life Insurance, 1971. BLS Bulletin 1791 Metal Mining, 1972. BLS Bulletin 1820 Motion Picture Theaters, 1966. BLS Bulletin 15421 Nursing Homes and Related Facilities, 1973. BLS Bulletin 1855 Scheduled Airlines, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1734 Wages and Tips in Restaurants and Hotels, 1970. BLS Bulletin 1712 1 Bulletin out of stock. a m :w VMM IIAYIHUH »K <M MKTIHMM ISm*Surveys and Studies •1076Edition Consumer expenditures and income Consumer and wholesale prices Occupational pay and supplementary benefits Current wage developments Union and association membership Wage chronologies and salary trend reports Productivity measures: Private sector Output per employee hour measures: Industries and Federal Government Occupational safety and health statistics Economic growth studies Employment cost index Chapters contain a brief account of each major program and what it attempts to do, where the basic data come from, definition of terms and concepts. Sources of more information—some more popular, some more technical— are listed. 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