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\3 t> HANDBOOK OF LABOR STATISTICS 1972 % U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS SOUTHWEST MISSOURI STMS UNIVERSITY UERARY y S. DEPOSITORY COPY F or sources of additional data on subjects covered in this Handbook see appendix. HANDBOOK OF LABOR STATISTICS 1972 BULLETIN 1735 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James D. Hodgsony Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner 1972 For sale b y the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D .C . 20402 - Price $5.25 Stock Num ber 2901-0915 Prefatory Note The 1972 edition of the Handbook of Labor Statistics makes available in one volume the major series produced by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In general, each table is complete historically, beginning with the earliest reliable and consistent data and running through calendar year 1971. Related series from other governmental agencies and foreign countries are included. The data are grouped under economic subject matter headings and without regard to the surveys or other sources from which the information was devel oped. For example, the section on “ Employment” covers data from several programs: “ Current Population Survey,” “ Current Employment and Labor Turnover Statistics,” “ Farm Employment and Wage Rates,” “ Government Employment,” “ Apprentices in Training,” and “ Manpower Development and Training.” Technical Notes describing major statistical programs and identifying the tables derived from each program precede the tables. More complete descriptions have been published in the BLS Handbook of Methods for Surveys and Studies—BLS Bulletin No. 1711. The Handbook of Labor Statistics was compiled in the Office of Publications with the cooperation of the operating divisions of the Bureau of Labor Statistics and other government agencies. The materials were assembled by James A. McCall, under the direction of Tommy C. Ishee. — G eoffrey H. M oore Commissioner of Labor Statistics Handbook o f Labor Statistics 1972 CONTENTS TECHNICAL NOTES Page Current Population Survey______________________________________________________ Current Employment, Job Vacancies andLaborTurnover Statistics Programs_____ Wage and Salary Surveys________________________________________________________ Employer Expenditures for the Compensation ofEmployees_______________________ Productivity_____________________________________________________________________ Consumer Prices___________________________________________ Wholesale Prices_________________________________________________________________ Consumer Expenditures_________________________________________________________ Family Budgets_________________________________________________________________ Union Membership_______________________________________ Work Stoppages_________________________________________________________________ Industrial Injuries_______________________________________________________________ Foreign Labor Statistics_________________________________________________________ Farm Employment and Wage Rates_____________________________________________ Governmental Employment______________________________________________________ Apprentices in Training__________________________________________________________ Manpower Development and Training___________________________________________ Unemployment Insurance_______________________________________________________ Employee-Benefit Plans_______________________________________________ Social Insurance_________________________________________________________________ National Labor Relations Board,Jurisdiction and Cases__________________________ Wage and Hour Investigation Findings___________________________________________ Gross National Product and National Income____________________________________ Consumer Income_______________________________________________________ 1 3 5 8 8 10 11 13 13 14 14 15 15 17 17 18 18 20 21 21 22 23 23 25 TABLES Labor Force 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Employment Status of the Noninstitutional Population, by Sex, 1947-71____ Employment Status of the Civilian Noninstitutional Population for the United States, Metropolitan Areas, and Nonmetropolitan Areas, 1967-71_ Total Labor Force (Including Armed Forces) and Labor Force Participation Rates, by Sex and Age, 1947-71_________________________________________ Civilian Labor Force, by Sex, Color, and Age, 1947-71_____________________ Civilian Labor Force Participation Rates, by Marital Status, Age, and Sex, 1957-71_________________________________________________________________ Experienced Civilian Labor Force, by Occupation and Sex, 1954-71________ Persons Not in the Labor Force, by Sex, Color, and Age, 1947-71__________ Reasons for Nonparticipation in the Labor Force, by Age, and Sex, 1968 71 __ Reasons for Nonparticipation in the Labor Force, by Age, Color, and Sex, 1968-71_________________________________________ ‘ ______________________ Labor Force Status of the Civilian Noninstitutional Population, by School Enrollment, Sex, and Age, October 1947-71______________________________ Labor Force Participation Rates for Civilian Noninstitutional Population, by School Enrollment, Sex, and Age, October 1947-71___________________ Educational Attainment of Civilian Labor Force 18 Years Old and Over, by Sex and Color, Selected Dates, 1952-71_________________________________ Median Years of School Completed by the Civilian Labor Force 18 Years Old and Over, by Sex and Age, Selected Dates, 1952-71_________________ 26 28 29 32 36 38 39 43 45 47 49 50 52 v CONTENTS—Continued Tables Page Labor Force—Continued 14. 15. Labor Force Status and Labor Force Participation Rates of Married Women, Husband Present, by Presence and Age of Children, 1948-71_____________ Civilian Labor Force, Labor Force Participation Rates, and Unemployment Rates, by Color, 1968-71________________________________________________ 53 54 Employment Characteristics: 16. Employment Status of Persons 16-19 Years Old and Adults, by Color, 1954-71_________________________________________________________________ 17. Employment Status of Persons 16-24 Years Old, 1947-71__________________ 18. Employment Status of Persons 16-21 Years Old, by Color, 1963-71________ 19. Employed Persons, by Occupation Group, Color, and Sex, Selected Years, 1959-71_________________________________________________________________ 20. Employed Persons, 16 Years Old and Over, by Major Occupation Group and Nonagricultural Industry Group, 1971___________________________________ 21. Full- and Part-Time Status of the Civilian Labor Force, by Age and Sex, 1963-71_________________________________________________________________ 22. Nonagricultural Workers on Full-Time Schedules or on Voluntary Part Time, by Selected Characteristics, 1957-71_____________________________________ 23. Persons on Part Time for Economic Reasons, by Type of Industry, 1957-71, _ 24. Nonagricultural Workers on Part Time for Economic Reasons, by Sex and Age, 1957-71____________________________________________________________ 25. Nonagricultural Workers on Part Time for Economic Reasons, by Usual Full-Time or Part-Time Status and Selected Characteristics, 1957-71_____ 26. Employed Persons Not at Work, by Reason for Not Working, 1957-71_____ 27. Employed Wage and Salary Workers Not at Work in Nonagricultural Industries, by Reason for Not Working and Pay Status, 1957-71________ 28. Employment Status of Family Head, Wife, and Other Family Members in Husband-Wife Families, Selected Dates, 1955-71_________________________ 29. Employed Married Women, Husband Present, by Major Occupation Group, 1947-71_________________________________________________________________ 30. Employment Status of the Civilian Noninstitutional Population, by School Enrollment, Sex, and Age, October 1947-71_____________________________ 31. Occupational Distribution of Employed High School Graduates Not Enrolled in College and of School Dropouts as of October of Year of Graduation or Dropout, by Sex, 1959-71_____________________________________________ 32. Employment Status of High School Graduates Not Enrolled in College and of School Dropouts as of October of Year of Graduation or Dropout, by Sex, Marital Status of Women, and Color, 1959-71______________________ 33. Median Years of School Completed by the Employed Civilian Labor Force 18 Years Old and Over, by Sex, Occupation Group, and Color, Selected Years, 1948-71__________________________________________________________ 34. Persons with Work Experience During the Year, by Extent of Employment and by Sex, 1950-70_____________________________________________________ 35. Persons with Work Experience During the Year, by Industry Group and Class of Worker of Longest Job, 1955-70_________________________________ 36. Percent of Persons with Work Experience During the Year Who Worked Year-Round at Full-Time Jobs, by Industry Group and Class of Worker of Longest Job, 1950-70________________________________________________ 37. Persons with Two Jobs or More, by Industry and Class of Worker of Primary and Secondary Job, Selected Dates, 1956-71_____________________________ 56 58 61 62 64 65 67 68 69 70 72 73 75 76 77 79 80 82 85 86 87 88 Industry: 38. 39. vi Employees on Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Industry Division, 1919-71----Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by Major Industry Group, 1939-71 __ 89 90 CONTENTS—Continued Tables Page Employment— Continu ed Industry— Continued 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. Production or Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Industry Division, 1939-71__________________________________________ Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by Major Industry Group, 1929-71_____________________________________ Nonproduction Worker Employment and Ratios of Nonproduction Worker Employment to Total Employment, by M ajor Manufacturing Industry Group, 1939-71_________________________________________________________ Women Employees on Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Industry Division, 1959-71_________________________________________________________________ Women Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by Major Industry Group, 1959-71_______________________________________ 1_________________________ Farm Employment and Wage Rates, 1910-71______________________________ Governmental Employment and Payrolls, by Level of Government, 1940-70- 92 93 95 99 100 101 102 State and Region: 47. 48. 49. Employees on Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Region and State, 1939-71_____ Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by Region and State, 1939-71______ Employees on Government Payrolls, by Region and State, 1939-71________ 103 105 107 Area and City: 50. 51. 52. Employment Status of the Noninstitutional Population in the 20 Largest SMSA’s, by Color, Sex, and Age, 1971__________________________________ Civilian Labor Force and Unemployment in the 20 Largest SMSA’s and Selected Central Cities, by Color, Age, and Sex, 1971____________________ Employment Status of Persons in Urban Poverty and Other Urban Neighbor hoods, by Color, Sex, and Age, 1967-71_________________________________ 109 110 113 Job Vacancies and Labor Turnover: 53. 54. 55. Number, Rate, and Percent Distribution cf Job Vacancies in Manufacturing, 1969-71__________________________________________________________________ Labor Turnover Rates of Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, 1930-71 __ Labor Turnover Rates of Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by Major Industry Group, 1958-71________________________________________________ 115 117 118 Training: 56. 57. 58. 59. Registered Apprentices in Training, New Registrations, Completions, and Cancellations, 1941-70__________________________________________________ Enrollment Opportunities and Federal Obligations for Work and Training Programs Administered by the Department of Labor Through 11 71______ Trainees Enrolled in Work and Training Programs Administered by the Department of Labor, by Selected Characteristics, Fiscal Years 1963 71 Enrollment Opportunities and Post-Training Employment,1963-71 ___ 124 124 125 128 Unemployment Characteristics: 60. 61. 62. 63. Major Unemployment Indicators, 1948-71_________________________________ Unemployed Persons 16 Years and Over and Unemployment Rates, by Sex and Color, 1947-71__________________________________________________ Unemployed Persons and Unemployment Rates, by Sex and Age,1947-71. _ Unemployed Persons and Unemployment Rates, by Reason, Sex, Age, and Color, 1967-71__________________1______________________________________ Unemployment Rates, by Color, Sex, and Age, 1948-71____________________ 64. 128 129 130 133 136 vii CONTENTS—Continued Tables Page Unemployment—Continued Characteristics— Continued 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. Unemployment Rates, by Sex and Marital Status, 1955-71------------------------Unemployment Hates, by Occupation, 1958-71____________________________ Unemployment Rates and Percent Distribution of the Unemployed, by Age, Sex, and Major Occupation Group, 1966-71_____________________________ Unemployed Persons and Percent Distribution of the Unemployed, by Duration of Unemployment,1947-71-------------------------------------------------------Long-Term Unemployment Compared with Total Unemployment, by Sex, Age, and Color, 1957-71________________________________________________ Unemployed Persons, by Household Relationship, 1963-71__________________ Extent of Unemployment During the Year, by Sex, 1957-70____________ 139 140 141 144 146 148 149 Industry: 72. 73. Unemployment Rates and Percent Distribution of the Unemployed, by Major Industry Group, 1948-71_________________________________________ Long-Term Unemployment, by Major Industry and Occupation Group, 1957-71_________________________________________________________________ 151 353 Insured Unemployed: 74. 75. 76. 77. State Unemployment Insurance, 1960 71________ - . ................ - . . . — The Insured Unemployed, by Industry Division, 1960-71---------------------------The Insured Unemployed, by Major Occupational Group, 1960-71-----------The Insured Unemployed, by Sex, Age, and Duration of Unemployment, 1960-71_________________________________________________________________ 154 155 155 155 Hours 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. Average Weekly Hours of Production or Nonsupervisorv Workers on Private Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Industry Division, 1932-71_________________ Average Weekly Hours of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by Major Industry Group, 1947-71 _____________________________________ Average Weekly Overtime Hours of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by Major Industry Group, 1956-71____________________________ Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Man-Hours of Production or Nonsupervisorv Workers on Private Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Industry Division, 1947-71. Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Man-Hours of Production Workers on Manu facturing Payrolls, by Major Industry Group, 1947-71___________________ Average Weekly Hours of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by State, 1947-71_______________________________________________________ Scheduled Weekly Hours (Day Shift)— Percent of Plant and Office Workers by Weekly Work Schedule, all Metropolitan Areas, by Industry Division, 1 9 5 9 -7 0 ._______________________ : _______________________________________ 156 157 159 161 162 164 166 Productivity and Unit Labor Costs 85. 86. 87. Indexes of Output Per Man-Hour and Related Data, Private Economy, 1947-71_________________________________________________________________ Indexes of Output Per Man-Hour, Hourly Compensation, and Unit Labor Costs in thePrivate Economy, and Underlying Data, 1947-71-----------------Indexes of Output Per Man-Hour, Man-Hours, and Output, for Selected Industries,1939-70_______________________________________________________ 167 168 170 Compensation Wages: 88. 89. viii General Wage Changes in Major Collective Bargaining Situations, 1954-71— Average Percent Change in Hourly' Cost of Wages and Benefits Negotiated in Collective Bargaining Settlements Covering 5,000 Workers or More, 1965-70_________________________________________________________________ 179 180 CONTENTS—Continued Tables Page Compensation— Continued W ages— Continued 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. Production Workers in Manufacturing Affected by Wage Decisions and Median Changes, 1959-70_______________________________________________________ Production Workers in Manufacturing Establishments Where Wage Changes Were Effective and Median Changes, 1959-70___________________________ Interarea Pay Comparisons— Relative Pay Levels by Industry Divis on, 1960-70________________________________ 1 _________ *_________‘ __________ Indexes of Union Rates and Weekly Hours in Selected Industries and Trades, 1907-71_________________________________________________________________ Indexes cf Union Wage Rates and Weekly Hours in Selected Building and Printing Trades, 1907-71________________________________________________ Indexes of Average Straight-Time Hourly Earnings of -Men in Selected Pro duction Occupations in Nonelectrical Machinery Manufacturing, Selected Metropolitan Areas, 1945-71_____________________________________________ Average Union Rates for Selected Trades, by City, 1947-71__________________ 181 182 183 197 199 207 208 Earnings by Industry: 97. 98. 99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. Average Hourly Earnings of Production or Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Industry Division, 1932-71_________ Indexes of Average Hourly Earnings, Private Nonfarm Economy, Adjusted for Overtime (in manufacturing only) and Interindustry Shifts, 1964-71..Average Hourly Earnings of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by Major Industry Group, 1947-71_______________________________________ Average Hourly Earnings Excluding Overtime of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by Major Industry Group, 1941-71___________ Average Weekly Earnings of Production or Nonsupervisory Workers on Private Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Industry Division, 1909-71_________ Average Weekly Earnings of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by Major Industry Group, 1947-71_______________________________________ Gross and Spendable Average Weekly Earnings of Production or Non supervisory Workers on Private Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Industry Division, 1939-71_______________________________________________________ Average Annual Salaries for Selected Professional, Administrative, and Technical Occupations, 1961-71_________________________________________ 220 221 222 224 226 227 229 232 Earnings by Region and State: 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. Average Hourly Earnings of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by State, 1947-71_______________________________________________________ Average Weekly Earnings of Production Wrorkers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by State, 1947-71_______________________________________________________ Indexes of Average Weekly or Hourly Earnings for Selected Occupational Groups in Metropolitan Areas, by Region, 1960-71______________________ Average Earnings for Selected Occupations in Metropolitan Areas, by Industry Division and Region, 1961-70__________________________________ Number and Average Hourly Earnings of Production Workers in Petroleum Refining, April 1971____________________________________________________ Indexes of Salaries of Federal Classified Employees in the United States Covered by the General Schedule,1939-71_________________ Indexes of Annual Maximum Salary Scales of Firemen and Policemen in Cities of 100,000 or more, 1924-71____________________________________________ Indexes of Average Annual Salaries of Public School Teachers in Cities of 100,000 or More, by Size of City, 1925-71_______________________________ 233 236 237 245 261 262 262 263 ix CONTENTS—Continued Tables Page Compensation— Continued Supplementary Compensation: 113. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans, all Metropolitan Areas, by Industry Division, 1959-70_____________________________________________ ,_________ Paid Vacations, all Metropolitan Areas, by Industry Division, 1969-70_____ Paid Vacations, all Metropolitan Areas, Selected Periods, 1959-70__________ Paid Holidays, all Metropolitan Areas, by Industry Division, Selected Periods, 1959-70_________________________________________________________________ Employee Compensation, Private Nonagricultural Economy, 1966-70_______ Employer Expenditures for Compensation of Production and Related Workers in Manufacturing Industries, Selected years, 1959 70_________ Employee Benefit Plans, Coverage, Contributions, and Benefits, 1950-70-_ 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 263 265 266 266 267 272 273 Social Insurance: 120. Old-Age, Survivors, Disability, and Health Insurance Benefits, by type of Beneficiary, 1940-71_____________________________________________________ 275 Prices and Living Conditions Consumer Price Index: 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. The Consumer Price Index, 1800-1971, Selected Groups, and Purchasing Power of the Consumer Dollar, 1913-71_________________________________ The Consumer Price Index and Major Groups, 1935-71___________________ The Consumer Price Index, Food, and Special Groups, 1935-71_____________ The Consumer Price Index and Purchasing Power of the Consumer Dollar, 1935-71___________________________________________________________________ Relative Importance of Major Groups of the Consumer Price Index, U.S. City Average, at Dates of Major Weight Revisions________________ _______ The Consumer Price Index, Food Items, 1935-71____________________________ The Consumer Price Index for Selected Items and Groups Other Than Food, 1947-71___________________________________________________________________ Consumer Price Index, 23 Cities or Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas, All Items and Major Groups, 1947-71_____________________________________ Estimated U.S. Average Retail Prices for Selected Foods,1890-1971__________ 276 277 278 279 279 280 288 294 298 Wholesale Price Index: 130. 131. 132. 133. Wholesale Price Indexes, 1926-71____________________________________________ Wholesale Price Indexes, by Durability of Product, 1947-71__________________ Wholesale Price Indexes, by Stage of Processing, 1947-71____________________ Industry-Sector Price Indexes for the Output of Selected Industries, 1957-71.__ 300 309 310 311 Consumer Expenditures: 134. 135. Average Annual Expenditures, Income, and Savings, All U.S Urban Families in 1960-61Compared with 1950___________________________________________ 313 Average Annual Income and Expenditures of Families (Two Persons or More) of City Wage and Clerical Workers, Six Selected Periods Since 1888-91___________________________________________________________________ 313 Family Budgets: 136. 137. 138. X Annual Budgets at a Lower Level of Living for a 4-Person Family, Autumn 1971______________________________________________________________________ 314 Annual Budgets at an Intermediate Level of Living for a 4-Person Family, Autumn 1971_____________________________________________________________ 315 Annual Budgets at a Higher Level of Living for a 4-Person Family, Autumn 1971______________________________________________________________________ 316 CONTENTS—Continued Page Tables Prices and Living Conditions—Continued Fami y Budgets— Continued 139. Indexes of Annual Budgets at a Lower Level of Living for a 4-Person Family, Autumn 1971_________________________ 140. Indexes of Annual Budgets at an Intermediate Level of Living for a 4-Person Family, Autumn 1971___________________________________________________ 141. Indexes of Annual Budgets at a Higher Level of Living for a 4-Person Family, Autumn 1971_____________________________________________________________ 142. Annual Budgets at a Lower Level of Living for a Retired Couple, Spring 1970______________________________________________________________________ 143. Annual Budgets at an Intermediate Level of Living for a Retired Couple, Spring 1970__________________________________________________________ _— 144. Annual Budgets at a Higher Level of Living for a Retired Couple, Spring 1970_ 145. Indexes of Annual Budgets at a Lower Level of Living for a Retired Couple, Spring 1970_______________________________________________________________ 146. Indexes of Annual Budgets at an Intermediate Level of Living for a Retired Couple, Spring 1970______________________________________________________ 147. Indexes of Annual Budgets at a Higher Level of Living for a Retired Couple, Spring 1970_______________________________________________________________ 148. Annual Consumption Budgets at Three Levels of Living for Familes of Differ ing Size, Type, andAge, Autumn 1971____________________________________ 149. Revised Equivalence Scale for Urban Families of Different Size, Age, and Composition______________________________________________________________ 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 Unions and Industrial Relations Union Membership: 150. 151. 152. 153. Distribution of National and International Unions, by Industry and Affilia tion, Selected Years, 1956-70____________________________________________ 327 Membership Reported by National and International Unions, by Geo graphic Area and Affiliation, Selected Years, 1956-70____________________ 331 Membership of National and International Labor Unions, 1933-70_____ 332 Union Membership as a Proportion of the Labor Force, 1930-70_______ 333 Work Stoppages: 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. Work Stoppages in the United States, 1881-1970_____________________ Work Stoppages, by Size of Stoppage, 1959-70----------------------------------Duration of Work Stoppages Ending in 1959-70-------------------------------Work Stoppages, by Major Issues, 1964-70__________________________ Work Stoppages, by Industry Group, 1956-70_______________________ Work Stoppages, by State, 1956-70--------------------------------------------------- 334 336 337 338 345 349 Labor Relations: 160. 161. 162. Labor-Management Agreement Coverage, all Metropolitan Areas, 1960-70-_ Intake and Disposition of Cases by the National Labor Relations Board, Fiscal Years 1936-71___________________________________________________ Investigation Findings Under the Fair Labor Standards, Government Con tracts, and Age Discrimination in Employment Acts, by Fiscal Year, 193971__________________________________________________ *___________________ 357 358 360 Industrial Injuries 163. Work-Injury Rates, by Industry, 1958-70________________________________ 361 xl CONTENTS—Continued Tables Page Foreign Labor Statistics 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. Population and Labor Force, Selected Countries and Selected Years, 1950-71 _ Labor Force and Unemployment in Selected Industrial Countries, 1959-71__ Indexes of Output Per Man-Hour, Hourly Compensation, and Unit Labor Costs for All Employees in Manufacturing for Selected Countries, 1960-71__ _ Average Hourly Earnings and Average Weekly Hours of Wage Workers in Manufacturing, Selected Countries, and Selected Years, 1955-71_________ Indexes of Average Hourly Earnings of Wage Workers in Manufacturing, Selected Countries, 1960-71_____________________________________________ Indexes of Average Real Hourly Earnings of Wage Workers in Manufacturing, Selected Countries, 1960-71___________________________________________ _ _ Indexes of Consumer Prices, Selected Countries, and Selected Years, 1950 71. Indexes of Wholesale Prices for Selected Countries, Commodities, and Years, 1950-71-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Work Stoppages and Time Lost Due to Industrial Disputes in Selected Countries, 1955-70____________________________ 379 382 383 384 385 385 386 386 387 General Economic Data Gross National Product: 173. 174. Gross National Product: Annually, 1929-71_______________________________ Gross National Product in Constant Dollars: Annually, 1929-71___________ 388 390 National Income: 175. National Income by Type of Income: Annually, 1929-71_________________ 392 Distribution of Families by Income: 176. Percent Distribution of Families, by Income Level, by Years of School Completed, and Race of Head, 1963 70_________________________ ______ 394 Technical Notes Current Population Survey (N ote: Covers tables 1-37, 50-52, and 60-73) Collection and Coverage Statistics on the employment status of the population; the personal, occupational, and other characteristics of the employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the labor force; and related data are compiled for the BLS by the Bureau of the Census in its Current Population Survey (CPS). A detailed description of this survey appears in “ Concepts and Methods Used in Man power Statistics from the Current Population Survey,” BLS Report 313, available from BLS on request These monthly surveys of the population are conducted using a scientifically selected sample designed to represent the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and over. Respondents are interviewed to obtain information about the employment status of each member of the house hold 16 years of age and over. The inquiry relates to activity or status during the calendar week, Sunday through Saturday, which includes the 12th of the month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field interviewing is conducted in the following week. Inmates of institutions and persons under 16 years of age are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations and are excluded from the popula tion and labor force statistics. Data on members of the Armed Forces, who are included as part of the categories “ total noninstitutional population” and “ total labor force,” are obtained from the Department of Defense. Concepts Employed persons comprise: (a) all those who, during the survey week, worked at all as paid employees, in their own business or profession or on their own farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise operated by a family member; and (b) all those who were not working but who had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management dispute, or personal reasons, whether or not they were paid by their employers for the time off, and whether or not they were seeking other jobs. Each employed person is counted only once. Those who held more than one job are counted in the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week. Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries, temporarily in the United States, who are not living on the premises of an Embassy. Excluded are persons whose only activity con sisted of work around the house (such as own home housework and painting or repairing own home) or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and similar organizations. Unemployed persons comprise all persons who did not work during the survey week, who made specific efforts to find a job within the past 4 weeks, and who were available for work during the survey week. Also included as unemployed are those who did not work at all, were available for work, and (a) were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off; (b) were waiting to report to a new wage or salary job within 30 days; or (c) would have been looking for work except that they were temporarily ill. Unemployed persons by reasons for unemploy ment are divided into four major groups: (1) Job losers are persons whose employment ended in voluntarily and thus immediately began looking for work and persons on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and immediately began looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who previously worked at a full-time job lasting 2 weeks or longer but who were out of the labor force prior to beginning to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who never worked at a full time job lasting 2 weeks or longer. 1 Duration of unemployment represents the length of time (through the end of the current survey week) during which persons classified as unemployed had been continuously looking for work. For persons on layoff, duration of unem ployment represents the number of full weeks since the termination of their most recent em ployment. A period of 2 weeks or more during which a person was employed or ceased looking for work breaks the continuity of the present period of seeking work. Average duration is an arithmetic mean computed from a distribution by single weeks of unemployment. The civilian labor force comprises the total of all civilians classified as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria described above. The “ total labor force” includes members of the Armed Forces stationed either in the United States or abroad. The unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force. This measure can be computed also for groups within the labor force, classified by sex, age, marital status, color, etc. “ Not in the labor force” includes all civilians 16 years of age and over who are not classified as employed or unemployed. These persons are further classified as “ engaged in own home house work,” “ in school,” “ unable to work” because of long-term physical or mental illness, and “ other.” The “ other” group includes for the most part retired persons, those reported as too old to work, the voluntarily idle, and seasonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an “ off” season and who were not reported as unemployed. Persons doing only incidental unpaid family work (less than 15 hours) are also classified as not in the labor force. In tables 8 and 9, data on persons not in the labor force are available in greater detail by reason for nonparticipation and may differ from the data in table 7. Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the employed apply to the job held in the survey week. Persons with two jobs or more are classified in the job at which they worked the greatest number of horns during the survey week. The unemployed in these categories are classified ac cording to their latest full-time civilian job lasting 2 weeks or more. The occupation and industry groups used in data derived from the CPS house hold interviews are defined in the 1970 Census of Population. A comprehensive revision in the clas Digitized for 2 FRASER sification of occupational and industry data was carried out for the 1970 census. This revision re flected recognition of new categories and refined the existing categories and, as a result, brought about a break in the series for many major oc cupational groups in the Current Population Sur vey, beginning in January 1971. For a further explanation of the changes, see “ Revisions in Occupational Classifications for 1971” in the February 1971 issue of Employment and Earnings. Information on the detailed categories included in these groups is available upon request. The class-of-worker breakdown specifies “ wage and salary workers,” subdivided into private and government workers, “ self-employed workers,” and “ unpaid family workers.” Wage and salary workers receive wages, salaries, commissions, tips, or pay in kind from a private employer or from a governmental unit. Self-employed persons are those who work for profit or fees in their own business, profession, or trade, or operate a farm. Unpaid family workers are persons working with out pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or in a business operated by a member of the house hold to whom they are related by blood or mar riage. Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of hours worked during the survey week. For example, a person who normally works 40 hours a week but who was off on the Veterans Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours even though he was paid for the holiday. For persons working in more than one job, the figures relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs during the week, and all the hours are credited to the longest job. Persons who worked 35 hours or more in the survey week are designated as working “ full time;” persons who worked between 1 and 34 hours are designated as working “ part time.” Part-time workers are classified by their usual status at their present job (either full time or part time) and by their reason for working part time during the survey week (economic or other reasons). “ Economic reasons” include slack work, material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start or termination of job during the week, and inability to find full-time work. “ Other reasons” include labor disputes, bad weather, own illness, vacations, demands of home housework, school, no desire for full-time work, and full-time worker only during peak season. Persons on full-time schedules include, in addition to those working 35 hours or more, those who worked from 1 to 34 hours for noneconomic reasons but usually work full time. The full-time labor force consists of persons working on full-time schedules, persons involun tarily working part time (because full-time work is not available), and unemployed persons seeking full-time jobs. The part-time labor force consists of persons working part time voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking part-time work. Persons with a job but not at work during the survey week are classified according to whether they usually work full or part time. The lower age limit for official statistics on employment, unemployment, and other manpower concepts was raised from 14 to 16 years of age in January 1967. Insofar as possible, the historical series have been revised to provide consistent labor force information based on the population age 16 and over. Where this has not been possible, data for the population age 14 and over have been provided, with two banks of data for the year 1966, containing both population groups. In addition to changes on the lower age limit, improvements in the methods of measuring em ployment and unemployment were also introduced in January 1967. The changes in definitions and procedures adopted have increased the accuracy of the statistics and have clarified underlying concepts but have not substantially altered them. These changes have had no perceptible effect on the historical series for the estimates of total and civilian labor force; for total, agricultural, and nonagricultural employment; and for age-sex and occupational breakdowns. However, for some analytical purposes, the changes in definition and procedures have affected the comparability of data through 1966 and data for later years. Specifically, they have tended to: (1) increase the number of workers on part time, either voluntarily or for economic reasons, and reduce the number working 35 hours or more; (2) reduce number of nonfarm self-employed persons and increase the number of wage and salary workers; (3) alter the distribution of unemployment by sex, reducing it for adult males and teenagers and raising it for adult females; (4) reduce the number of workers unemployed 15 weeks or longer; and (5) reduce the number of unemployed persons seeking full-time work. For more information on the changes introduced in January 1967, see “ New Definitions for Employment and Unem ploym ent/J reprinted from the February 1967 Employment and Earnings and Monthly Report on the Labor Force, which is available from the BLS on request. Current Employment, Job Vacancies and Labor Turnover Statistics Programs (N ote: Covers tables 38-44, 47-49, 53-55, 78-83, 97-103, 105, and 106) Data from payroll records, submitted volun tarily by over 160,000 employers, provide (1) current information on wage and salary employ ment, hours, and earnings in nonagricultural establishments, and (2) job vacancies and labor turnover in manufacturing, by industry and geo graphic location. These statistical programs are conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in cooperation with State agencies. Collection The two types of data collection documents used, Form BLS 790 (Monthly Report on Em ployment, Payroll, and Hours) and Form D L 1219 (Monthly Report on Job Openings and Labor Turnover) are of the “ shuttle” type, with spaces for each month of the calendar year. The cooperating State agencies mail the reporting forms to the participating establishments each month, use the information to prepare State and area estimates, and then send the basic data to BLS in Washington for use in preparing national series. BLS 790 provides for reporting of data on the number of full- and part-time workers on the payrolls of nonagricultural establishments for the pay period which includes the 12th of the month. For the same period in most industries, it also provides for reporting data on payroll and man-hours of production and related workers, or nonsupervisory workers. Form D L 1219 provides for the collection of information on the total num ber of accessions and separations by type, during the calendar month, and three job vacancy items as of the end of the month: current job vacancies which have remained unfilled for 30 days or more, and openings with future starting dates. Concepts and Definitions Employment data refer to persons on estab lishment payrolls who receive pay for any part 3 of the reference pay period, and include workers on paid sick leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid holiday or paid vacation, and those who work during a part of the pay period and are unemployed or on strike during the rest of the period. Proprietors, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, farm workers, and domes tic workers in households are excluded. Govern ment employment covers civilian employees only. Hours and earnings data are derived from re ports of payrolls and man-hours for production and related workers in manufacturing and mining, construction workers in contract construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the remaining nonfarm components. The payroll figures relate to full- and part-time production, construction, or nonsupervisory work ers who receive pay for any part of the reference period. They are reported before deductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemployment in surance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, or union dues. Pay for overtime, holidays, vaca tions, and paid sick leave is also included. Man-hours cover hours worked or paid for, during the pay period of reference for production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers. The man-hours include hours paid for holidays and vacations, and for sick leave. Overtime hours cover premium overtime hours of production and related workers during the pay period. Overtime hours are those for which pre miums are paid because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of either the straight-time workday or workweek. Average hourly earnings are derived by dividing payrolls by man-hours. These averages are on a “ gross” basis, reflecting not only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates, but also such variable factors as premium pay for overtime and late-shift work, and changes in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. The earnings series do not measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the employer since the following are excluded: irregular bonuses, retroactive items, payment of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings for those em ployees not covered under the production-worker, cons true tion-worker, or nonsupervisory-employee definition. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime in manufacturing are computed by dividing the total production-worker payroll for the industry group 4 by the sum of total production-worker man-hours and one-half of total overtime man-hours, which is equivalent to payrolls divided by straight-time mau-hours. This method assumes that overtime earnings are paid at one and one-half times the straight-time rates; no adjustment is made for other types of premium payments. Average weekly earnings are obtained by multi plying average weekly hours by average hourly earnings. Weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in gross average hourly earnings, but also by changes in the length of the workweek, part-time work, stoppages for varying causes, labor turnover, and absenteeism. Spendable average earnings in current dollars are obtained by deducting estimated Federal social security and income taxes from gross weekly earn ings. The amount of tax liability depends on the dependents supported by the worker and his mari tal status, as well as on the level of his gross income. “ Real” earnings are computed by dividing the current Consumer Price Index into earnings aver ages for the month to adjust the earnings for changes in purchasing power since the base period (1967). Indexes of aggregate weekly man-hours are pre pared by dividing the current months aggregate by the monthly average for the 1967 period and multiplying that quotient by 100. The man-hour aggregates are the product of average weekly hours and production-worker employment. Job vacancies are the stock of unfilled job open ings as of the close of the last business day of the month. Openings for all kinds of positions, classi fications and employment, full time, part time, permanent, temporary, and seasonal are included. Excluded are jobs to be filled by recall from layoff, transfer, promotion, demotion or return from paid or unpaid leave; job openings for which “ new” workers were already hired and scheduled to start work later; and openings with future starting dates, which are requested as a separate item. Job vacancies are defined as vacant jobs which are immediately available for filling, and for which the firm is actively trying to find or recruit workers from outside the firm. The job vacancy rate is computed by dividing the number of job vacancies by the sum of employ ment plus vacancies, and multiplying that quo tient by 100. Labor turnover is the gross movement of wage and salary workers into and out of employed status with respect to individual establishments. This movement, relating to a calendar month, is divided into two broad types: Accessions (new hires and rehires) and Separations (quits, layoffs and other separations). Each type of turnover action is expressed as a rate per hundred em ployees. The data relate to all employees, whether full or part time, permanent or temporary, produc tion or nonproduction workers. Benchmark Adjustments Periodically the industry employment series are adjusted to recent benchmarks (comprehensive counts of employment) to improve their accuracy. These adjustments may also affect the hours, earnings, and labor turnover series since employ ment levels are used as weights. Industry data for all national series in this edition of the Handbook have been adjusted to March 1970 benchmarks. Consequently, data from April 1970 forward are subject to revision at the time of the next bench mark adjustment. Data shown for the individual States are also subject to revision at the time the cooperating State agencies adjust their series to later benchmarks. Uses of Data The statistics from these surveys are used widely as timely indicators of changes in economic activity. The turnover rates are valuable for personnel and economic planning; employers frequently use these rates as a yardstick against which to measure the performance of their plants. Firms negotiating long-term supply or construc tion contracts often utilize series on average hourly earnings as an aid in arriving at an equita ble agreement. Both labor and business use the series on hourly earnings and weekly hours in labor-management negotiations. The promptness with which the information is supplied makes it possible to incorporate the estimates in a number of other Federal statistical series, particularly in making current estimates of production, pro ductivity, and national income. The data also are useful as a basis for projection of trends in man power requirements. The newly available job vacancy data are expected to prove to be a valu able indicator of economic activity and a useful guide in manpower planning. Comparability With Other Series Total employment in nonagricultural establish ments from the “ payroll” survey is not directly comparable with the Bureau’s estimates of non agricultural employment obtained from the monthly “ household” survey (Current Population Sur vey). The household survey includes the selfemployed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers and is basically a count of persons. The payroll series, in contrast, excludes these workers and is basically a count of jobs. Thus, the multiple jobholder, counted only once in the household survey, would be counted once for each job by the payroll survey. Employment estimates developed by quinquennial censuses may differ from payroll estimates due, primarily, to the reporting practices of multiproduct estab lishments, and administrative handling of central offices and auxiliary units. For a more detailed description of these pro grams see Chapter 2, Employment, Hours, and Earnings, and Chapter 3, Job vacancies and Lab or Turnover, of the Handbook of Methods for Sur veys and Studies, BLS Bulletin 1711. Wage and Salary Surveys (N o t e : Covers tables 84,88-96,104,107-112 , and 160) Industry wage surveys are undertaken in about 50 manufacturing and 20 nonmanufacturing indus tries on a recurring 3- to 5-year cycle; the majority of industries are surveyed at 5-year intervals. The studies provide information on straight-time earnings, as defined below, for selected production occupations peculiar to the particular industry. Data for some surveys are limited to areas of industry concentration; others include nationwide and regional data. 466-157 0 —72-------2 The studies include information on such estab lishment practices and related pay provisions as weekly work schedules; shift operations and differentials; the prevalence of paid holidays and vacations; health, insurance, and pension benefits; and other provisions important in the industry. To provide some insight into wage relationships, estimates are made of such employment charac teristics as community and establishment size; labor-management agreement coverage, where the 5 majority of workers in an establishment are covered by an agreement; the proportion of workers employed under incentive pay plans, if significant numbers are employed under such plans; and the extent to which single rates or ranges of rates are provided for individual job categories. Area wage surveys are undertaken annually in selected metropolitan areas to provide information on straight-time earnings, as defined below, in occupations common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Data also are provided on establishment practices and supple mentary wage provisions. These studies are part of a program designed to permit projection of these data to represent all metropolitan areas in the United States. In fiscal year 1969-70, approxi mately 14,000 establishments employing about 10 million workers were included in the Bureau’s sample of 85 areas. They were projected to repre sent 80,000 establishments employing about 22 million workers in all 229 Standard Metro politan Statistical Areas in the United States, as established by the Bureau of the Budget through January 1968. The data are shown also for four broad regions— Northeast, South, North Central, and West. Area survey data are obtained from representa tive establishments within six broad industry divisions: (1) Manufacturing; (2) transportation, communication, and other public utilities; (3) wholesale trade; (4) retail trade; (5) finance, insurance, and real estate; and (6) selected services. Excluded from the scope of the studies are the construction and extractive industries and government institutions. The latter exclusion has a significant effect on the public utilities industry division. Municipally operated utilities are ex cluded, but utilities are included in areas where they are operated privately. The scope of the studies generally is limited, within each of the six major industry groupings, to establishments which employ 50 workers or more. Smaller establishments are omitted because em ployment in the occupations studied tends to be insufficient to warrant inclusion. White-collar salaries are studied annually in a national survey of the level and distribution of straight-time earnings, as defined below, in selected professional, administrative, technical, and clerical occupations in private employment. The industry divisions covered are manufacturing; transporta 6 tion, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; engineering and architectural services; and commercially operated research, development, and testing laboratories. Information is provided for a wide range of work levels in accounting, legal services, purchasing, personnel management, engineering and chemistry, drafting, and clerical occupations. Beginning in 1965, the studies relate to establishments in non metropolitan counties in addition to those in metropolitan areas, to which the earlier surveys were limited. In the period 1961-65, establish ments employing 250 workers or more were covered in all industries within scope of the survey. In 1966, the 250 establishment-size coverage was retained for manufacturing and retail trade, but lowered to 50 in finance, insurance, and real estate, and to 100 in all other industries studied. Indexes of Salary Trends for Selected Government Employees Salary studies are conducted annually for Federal Classification Act employees, police pa trolmen, and firefighters, and biennially for urban public classroom teachers. Dating back to 1939, three measures of changes are shown on Federal classified employees’ salaries: (1) Basic Salary Scales reflect only statutory changes in salaries; (2) Average Salary Rates show statutory changes and the effect of changes in the proportion of workers at each step within the salary ranges for individual grades; and (3) Aver age Salaries measure the effect of change not only in these two items but also in the proportion of workers in the various grades. Indexes of maximum salary scales for firefighters and police patrolmen in cities of 100,000 inhabi tants or more are measured both separately and combined, back to 1924. Data for this study are tabulated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from information compiled by the International City Management Association, supplemented by annual surveys conducted by the Fraternal Order of Police and the International Association of Fire Fighters, and by direct inquiries by BLS. For public classroom teachers, average salaries are shown by city and county size for cities of 100,000 population or more, and for counties of this size that were in Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas and that had county-wide school districts. Indexes dating to 1925 are available. Data are obtained primarily from the National Education Association’s biennial salary survey of public-school professional personnel. Indexes for the current period are calculated by using a “ chaining” method, whereby the index •for the preceding period is adjusted by the percent change over the intervening interval. For more detailed information on these studies, including regional data for teachers, firefighters and police patrolmen, see Government Employees’ Salary Trends, reprinted from Current Wage De velopments No. 284, September 1971. Union wage scales and hours for selected journey men, helper, and laborer classifications are studied annually in four highly unionized industries— building construction, local transit, local trucking, and printing. The number of cities surveyed has varied over the years from 39 to the present cover age of 68 cities with 100,000 population or more. All cities of 500,000 population or more, and most cities in the 250,000 to 500,000 group, are now in cluded in the surveys. The data relate to the basic (minimum) wage rates agreed upon through collective bargaining, exclusive of holiday, vacation, or other benefit payments, and to the maximum number of hours per week at straight-time rates. Rates in excess of the negotiated minimum, that may be paid for special qualifications or other reasons, are excluded from the studies. The average hourly union wage rates provided by city in building construction and trucking since 1947, and in printing and local transit since 1949, are calculated by weighting each quotation for the year by the number of union members reported at that time as working or available for work. Unlike the index series, the averages do not measure the trend of union wage rates, but are designed to provide comparisons among trades and cities at a given time. Distributions oj employee earnings and hours are prepared periodically to provide information on the internal structure of wages and hours of all nonsupervisory employees in selected broad indus try groups or specific industries, and in selected areas, usually on a cross-industry basis. The data relate to straight-time hourly earnings, as defined below, and weekly hours of work, including those leave hours (holidays, vacations, or sick leave) for which pay is received. Straight-time earnings.— (Industry wage surveys, area wage surveys, white-collar salary surveys, union wage scale surveys, earnings distribution surveys). Unless otherwise indicated, the data relate to the regular day-shift wages or salaries paid per hour worked or standard w orkw eek, exclusive of premium pay for overtime and for w ork on week ends, holidays, and late shifts. Incentive pay, production bonuses, and cost-of-living payments are included in earnings, but nonproduction bonuses (e.g., Christmas bonuses) are not. Straight-time earnings thus are reflected in the index measures and interarea pay comparisons. Supplementary wage provisions.— (Industry wrage surveys, area w age surveys, white-collar salary surveys). Estimates of the prevalence of the selected provisions are derived by applying the particular provision to all plant and office workers of an establishment wdien the provision wras applicable to a majority of those workers. The data, there fore, do not provide estimates of the percentage of workers affected by a particular provision, but rather the percentage that could be affected if specified qualifications, such as length of service, were met. Paid vacations.— The data are limited to basic plans and exclude such plans as vacation savings or those which offer “ extended” or “ sabbatical” benefits. Holidays.— Partial holidays are combined (8 half-holidays equal 4 days, etc.). Health, insurance, and retirement plans.— The data relate only to those plans not legally required and for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the employer. Regions.— (Industry wage surveys, area wage surveys). Unless otherwise indicated, the regions are defined as follows: Northeast— Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New^ Jersey, New^ York, Pennsyl vania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South— Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Colum bia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mary land, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; North Central— Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West—Arizona, California, Colo rado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 7 General Wage and Benefit Changes Statistics on general wage-rate changes in major collective bargaining situations (those covering 1,000 workers or more) date back to 1954. The series is confined to production and related work ers in manufacturing and to nonsupervisory employees in nonmanufacturing. Government em ployees and farm workers are excluded. Data for recent years show in both cents-per-hour and percent terms: (1) First-year wage changes in contracts negotiated during the period under study; (2) annual rates of change in wages agreed upon for the duration of these contracts; and (3) changes effective during the period, regardless of when they were negotiated. Estimates of “ package” increases (wages and benefits combined) agreed upon in key collective bar gaining settlements were started on a systematic basis in 1965. Coverage was limited to settlements affecting 10,000 workers or more; in 1966, this figure was lowered to 5,000. Measures now pre sented are: (1) First year changes in contracts negotiated during the period, (2) annual rates of change in wages and benefits over the life of those contracts and (3) wage and benefit changes that become effective during the year. In order to provide data for the nonunion and small union firms not reported on in the above programs, surveys have been conducted since 1959 covering union and nonunion manufactur ing industry establishments regardless of size. These surveys, applying to production and related workers, provide information, separately for union and nonunion establishments, on first-year wage rate decisions and on general wage changes effective within each year. The data apply only to firms that make general wage rate changes, i.e., firms that change wages only on an individual worker basis are excluded. Employer Expenditures for the Compensation of Employees (N ote: Covers tables 113-118) The first studies of employer expenditures for employee compensation were undertaken in 1959, and related to manufacturing industries. The program now is designed to cover all employees in the total private nonfarm sector. The studies relate to cash disbursements of employers during a calendar year. The expendi tures data are presented as a percent of compen sation and in dollars per hour of work for all establishments and for establishments that ac tually had an expenditure during the survey year. The major elements of compensation in American industry are considered to be covered by the expenditure practices studied. The ex penditures fall into several functional groups: pay for (1) working time; (2) leave time (except sick leave); expenditures for legally required and privately financed programs providing (3) re tirement, (4) health and insurance, and (6) unemployment benefits; (6) and nonproduction bonuses; and savings and thrift plans. Data are presented for all employees, office employees, and nonoffice employees. Studies of the entire pri vate nonfarm economy are conducted biennially and provide separate data for manufacturing and nonmanufacturing. Studies of specific industries are conducted in alternate years. Productivity (N ote: Covers tables 85-87) The measures of output per man-hour in the private economy refer to the ratio between constantdollar gross national product (GNP) originating in the private sector of the economy or individual sectors, and the corresponding hours of all persons employed. Two series of output per man-hour estimates have been developed. One series is based on labor force data from surveys of households, conducted 8 by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The other series is based primarily on BLS surveys of establishments. The output measure (GNP) used in preparing both series represents the market value (in 1958 dollars) of final goods and services produced in the economy. It includes the purchases of goods and services by consumers, business establishments, foreign investors, and the various government agencies. The GNP data are prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce. As mentioned above, two sets of estimates of labor input have been developed. The labor force series uses an hours worked concept, and excludes hours of persons employed but not at work due to vacations, illness, and other reasons. The estab lishment series is based on an hours paid concept and includes the hours of all persons on establish ment payrolls in the private economy. In developing both the labor force and estab lishment man-hour series, it was necessary to adjust and supplement the basic data. For the labor force series, two major adjustments were made as follows: General government hours were subtracted from total man-hours to make output and input measures consistent, and an adjustment was made to eliminate the effect of holidays which occur during the survey week; for the establish ment series, data from the labor force reports and national income series were used to supplement the BLS payroll series data. These measures relate output to man-hours and to employment. They do not reflect the specific contributions of labor, capital, or any other factors of production. Rather, they measure the com bined effect of a number of interrelated influences, such as skills of workers, managerial skills, changes in technology, capital investment per worker, utilization of capital, layout and flow of materials, and labor-management relations. The indexes of hourly compensation and unit labor costs in the private economy were developed from a man-hours estimate based on the establishment series, described in the previous section. Compensa tion includes wages and salaries, plus supplemental payments such as contributions of employers to social security and private health and pension funds. The “ all persons” compensation data in clude an estimate for proprietors, salaries and contributions for supplementary benefits. Real compensation per man-hour was derived by adjust ing the compensation data by the Consumer Price Index to reflect changes in purchasing power. The indexes of unit labor costs were developed by dividing compensation per man-hour by output per man-hour. Nonlabor payments represent the difference between total compensation and the gross national product (in current dollars) originat ing in the private sector of the economy. The implicit deflator reflects changes in all of the costs of production and distribution (unit labor costs plus unit nonlabor payments). The deflator is derived by dividing the current dollar estimate of gross product originating by the constant dollar estimate. Data on output per man-hour in selected industries contain industry indexes of output, man-hours, and output per man-hour for selected U.S. manu facturing and nonmanufacturing industries, cover ing the years 1939 and 1947 through 1970. The industries included here are not necessarily a repre sentative cross section of U.S. industry, and their output per man-hour indexes, therefore, should not be combined to obtain an overall measure for the entire economy or any sector. Each index repre sents only the change in output per man-hour for the designated industry or combination of indus tries. Output indexes are based primarily on the physical output of the products of the industry, combined with fixed period weights. Although unit man-hour weights are preferred and used whenever possible, it is often necessary to use sub stitute weights which are assumed proportional to unit man-hour weights. Unit value weights gener ally are substituted when unit man-hour weights are not available. Since the most comprehensive physical output data usually are available from the Censuses of manufactures and minerals, bench mark output indexes are derived from data for 2 consecutive censuses. For intercensal years, an nual indexes are based on either physical output data or value of output adjusted for price change. The annual series subsequently are adjusted to the Census benchmark levels. Indexes of man-hours are computed by dividing the aggregate man-hours for each year by the base period aggregate. Man-hours are treated as homogeneous and additive. Output per man-hour indexes are obtained by dividing an output index by an index of aggregate man-hours. Although the measures relate output to one input— labor time— they do not measure the specific contribution of labor or any other factor of production. Rather, they reflect the joint effect of a number of interrelated influences, such as changes in technology, capital investment per worker, and capacity utilization. Industry out put per man-hour measures are limited to the extent that they do not account for quality 9 change, and often do not reflect adequately changes in the degree of plant integration and specialization. In addition, there is not always strict comparability between output and labor input estimates. Finally, year-to-year changes in output per man-hour are irregular, and therefore, not necessarily indicative of basic changes in long-term trends. Conversely, long-term trends are not necessarily applicable to any one year or period in the future. Consumer Prices (N ote: Covers tables 121-129) The Consumer Price Index (CPI)1 measures the average change in prices of all types of consum er goods and services purchased by urban wageearners and clerical workers. The weights used in calculating the index, which remain fixed for relatively long periods, are based on studies of actual expenditures by wage earners and clerical workers. The quantities and qualities of the sample items in the “ market basket” remain the same between consecutive pricing periods, so that the index measures only the effect of price change on the cost of living. The index does not measure changes in the total amount families spend for living; city indexes do not measure relative differ ences in prices or living costs between cities. A study conducted during 1917-19 provided the weights used for 1913 to 1935. Since then, this index has undergone four major revisions, which involved bringing the “ market basket” of goods and services up to date, revising the weights, and improving the outlet sample and methodology. The most recent revision, incorporated in a new series beginning in 1964, introduced weights relating to expenditures for the period 1960-61. The list of items currently priced for the index includes approximately 400 goods and services. The items priced are described by detailed speci fications to insure that, as far as possible, the same quality is priced each time, and that differences in reported prices are measures of price change only. Sales, excise, and real estate taxes are reflected wherever applicable. Since January 1966, prices have been obtained in a sample of 56 areas, on a regular monthly or quarterly cycle. These include the urban portions of 37 Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSA), the more extensive Standard Consoli dated Areas for Chicago and New York, and 17 nonmetropolitan urban places. Price changes for the 56 areas are combined for the United States (the weights used for this aggregation are based on 1960 population of areas represented by each 1 A detailed description of the C P I is contained in The Consumer Price Index: History and Techniques (B LS Bulletin 1517). 10 sample area). Area indexes are compiled for 23 of the 56 areas. Notes on Tables Tables 121-124— Indexes from 1800 through 1912 are estimates, based on price data from sources other than BLS. The purchasing power of the consumer dollar (1967=$1) for any given date is calculated as the reciprocal of the index for that date, expressed in dollars. It shows changes in the value of the 1967 dollar result ing from changes in prices of consumer goods and services. Purchasing power of the dollar with reference to other bases can be calculated by divid ing the index for the desired base date by the index for the current date and expressing the result in dollars. Table 125—The relative importance figures shown in this table are percentage distributions of the cost or value weights used in the index calcu lation. At the time of their introduction, after a major weight revision, the cost weights represent average expenditures for specific classes of goods and services by urban wage earners and clerical workers. However, in subsequent pricing periods, the value weights and the corresponding relative importance figures change as prices change differ entially, i.e., the relative importance increases for an item or group having a greater than average price increase and decreases for one having a less than average price increase. Since the index measures only price change, the cost weights eventually become unrepresentative of actual ex penditures and must be revised on the basis of new^ surveys of consumer expenditures. Table 126— Indexes for individual foods are based on monthly prices obtained in all cities in the index sample. Table 127— Annual average indexes for individ ual items other than food have been based on quarterly data from 1947 to 1968 and monthly data since January 1969. Since 1964, quarterly and monthly indexes for individual items other than food have been based on the latest available prices in all cities in the sample. For example, an index for December includes prices in all cities surveyed in December, as well as prices in those cities surveyed quarterly in October and Novem ber. From 1947 to 1963, quarterly indexes were based only on prices in the cities surveyed in March, June, September, and December. Table 128—City indexes show only different rates of price change among cities. They do not show whether prices are higher in one city than in another. Table 129—Average retail food prices are pub lished regularly for 94 items in Estimated Retail Food Prices by Cities. Since July 1967 this report has included prices for the United States and for 23 large metropolitan areas. Prices are collected primarily for use in measuring month-to-month changes in food prices as a component of the CPI and are not entirely suitable for calculat ing average prices. Variations in food expenditures such as brands, sizes, and qualities included in the index, cause differences in computed average prices that do not represent real price differentials. To meet the need for dollars and cents prices, procedures have been devised to calculate esti mated prices. Briefly, the procedure provides for the annual calculation of benchmark prices for defined qualities using special editing, and ad justing these each month by the price changes reflected in the index.2 2 For a m ore detailed description of the calculation procedure, see “ Calculation of Average Retail Food P rices," Monthly Labor Review, January 1965. Wholesale Prices (N ote: Covers tables 130-133) Wholesale Price Indexes The Wholesale Price Index (WPI) is designed to measure changes in prices of commodities sold in primary markets in the United States. “ Whole sale,” as used in the title of the index, refers to sales in large quantities, not to prices received by wholesalers, jobbers, or distributors. The W PI universe consists of all commodities produced or imported for sale in commercial transactions in primary markets in the United States. Currently most actual price quotations are obtained on a sample of about 2,600 items from manufacturers or other producers. Prices are usually f.o.b. production or central marketing point, and net of applicable discounts. However, a few prices are reported by trade as sociations and organized exchanges, and some are taken from trade publications or obtained from other Government agencies which collect quota tions as part of their regular work. Since the index is intended to measure “ pure” price change, that is, not influenced by changes in quality, quantity, shipping terms, product mix, etc., commodities included in the index are defined by precise speci fications which incorporate price determining characteristics of the commodities. The W PI is calculated as a weighted average of price changes and has been shown on the reference base 1937 = 100 since January 1971. The weights represent the total net selling value of commodities produced and processed in this country (or im ported for sale), and flowing into primary markets. The values are f.o.b. production point and are exclusive of excise taxes. The values of interplant transfers, military production, and goods sold to household consumers directly by producing es tablishments are excluded. Each commodity price series in the index is representative of a class of prices and is assigned its own weight (the ship ment value of the commodity) plus the weights of other commodities not priced directly but whose prices are known or assumed to move similarly. The weighting structure is revised periodically when data from industrial censuses become avail able, generally at 5-year intervals. Beginning with the January 1967 data, the Wholesale Price Index weights are based on 1963 shipment values of commodities as reported in the industrial censuses. The commodities in the W PI are classified by similarity of end-use or material composition rather than by industry of origin. In recent years, emphasis has been placed on development of more subdivisions within major groups and special combinations of indexes, such as by Stage of Processing and Durability of Product. The Stage of Processing indexes are constructed by combining segments of the Bureau’s regular comprehensive WPI, primarily in accordance with the amount of processing, manufacturing, or assembling to which commodities are subjected before they enter the market. The weights used in the regular W PI classification system are dis 11 tributed in accordance with the relative impor tance of the output of each commodity which is consumed at various levels of processing. The Durability of Product indexes were con structed to provide price indexes which could be used in conjunction with other important eco nomic series, such as production or inventory data classified according to durability. The indexes are made by combining segments of the Bureau’s regular comprehensive W PI and embrace all its components. The Wholesale Price Index is used for many purposes, including market analysis, escalation of long-term purchase and sales contracts, and measurement of general price trends. Many users employ the group and individual commodity indexes rather than the All Commodities index. The W PI is based on a purposive, judgment sample. Thus, the All Commodities index can be assumed to be more reliable than component group indexes. Also, the reliability of the index has increased over time as the sample has ex panded. In 1952, the sample of priced items doubled to about 1,850 items and since then has increased to about 2,600 items. Industry-Sector Price Indexes Industry-sector price indexes were inaugurated with the annual average indexes for 1957 through 1963. (See Monthly Labor Review, August 1965.) Indexes for selected industries and for their important product classes are currently published in Wholesale Prices and Price Indexes. An industry price index is a composite index, derived from several price series combined to match the economic activity of a specified in dustry or sector. The indexes published here are industrial output price indexes; they measure average changes in prices of commodities pro duced by a particular industry as defined by the Standard Industrial Classification of the Bureau of the Budget. Industry indexes are relevant to studies of economic growth, productivity, and other types of economic analysis where the emphasis is on industrial structure as distinct from market or commodity-use classifications. One of their im portant uses is to deflate value of shipments data in order to derive measures of output in constant dollars. They also are useful for com paring industry price movements with other industry-based statistics of employment, pro 12 duction, and productivity, and for projecting price changes in studies of given industries. The 4-digit indexes are built up from indexes for the individual commodities made in an in dustry— including its secondary products. The product indexes, weighted by the total value of their shipments, regardless of industry of origin, are combined into 5-digit census product class indexes. (Data for product shipments by in dividual industries are not available.) The product class indexes are, in turn, combined into 4-digit industry indexes. At this step, the weights are value of shipments (by product class) originating within the particular industry. Through 1966, the industry indexes are based on gross value of shipments in 1958 as reported in the Censuses of Manufactures and Mineral In dustries. The values include interplant transfers, goods produced and consumed in the same estab lishment, and goods sold for export. Imported commodities are not included. Beginning with the January 1967 indexes, ISPI weights are based on data from the 1963 censuses. The weighting struc ture is revised whenever comprehensive data from the industrial censuses become available. The selection of items to be priced is purposive rather than being based on probability techniques. The objective is to represent 50 percent or more of the value of commodities included in each 5digit census product class by pricing one or more specifications of its most important products. An industry meets the minimum standards for pub lication if 90 percent, by value, of its component 5-digit product classes satisfy the criteria for product class sampling. The sampling criteria may be modified if price variability within product classes or industries varies significantly from the average. Because the current price collection for the in dustry-sector program initially was designed around the W PI structure, the sample in most industries is not strong enough to permit publi cation of industry indexes. As of December 1966, only 52 industries were covered adequately. As of January 1967, adequate coverage was extended to 15 additional industries, and by January 1971, 102 industries were covered. Further extension of in dustry coverage is proposed as resources permit. Pending additional pricing of commodities, industry indexes will be limited by the coverage— commodity and class of customer— of the com prehensive Wholesale Price Index. It must be assumed that the W PI prices, which are generally at the primary market level, are similar to the market level of sales represented by the Census data used as weights. Since the data include values of interplant transfers and values of goods pro duced and consumed in the same industry, it is also necessary to assume that changes in those values are represented by price movements of goods in commercial markets. Consumer Expenditures (N ote : Covers tables 134-135) The 1960-61 information in this series is based on reports from a representative sample of all urban and rural families in the United States. Data were collected jointly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) as part of a nationwide Survey of Consumer Expenditures (CES). The survey was conducted in 2 years— in 1961, covering family expenditures and income in urban places in the calendar year 1960, and in 1962, providing data on urban, rural nonfarm, and rural farm families for 1961. The CES classification of families by place of residence (i.e., urban or rural) follows the definitions adopted for the 1960 Census of Population. All data were collected by personal interviews, through the voluntary cooperation of families. The family, or consumer unit (CU), referred to (1) a group of people usually living together who pooled their income and drew from a common fund for their major items of expense, or (2) a person either living alone or in a household whose income and expenditures were not pooled with others. The sample, for the total urban and rural population, included 17,283 living quarter ad dresses which were assigned to interviewerd Usable schedules were obtained and tabulates, for 13,728 families. To describe the spending and saving of all families in the United States, data from the CES samples were combined to obtain regional and U.S. averages. This was accomplished by applying a system of weights, based on the 1960 Census of Population, to the sample data. Information obtained from a sample survey as complex as the CES is subject to many types of errors: Sampling, recording, and processing errors, and errors due to the refusal or inability of some families to give the information requested. All data were reviewed, edited, and screened to mini mize processing errors. The BLS computed sam pling errors and evaluated selected characteristics of nonrespondents.1 Particular care is required in using the averages for families at the extremes of the income scale. These averages are based on small numbers of families who may differ sharply in their spending patterns. The averages and percentages in the accom panying tables are based on all families included in each class, whether or not they reported receipts or disbursements for a particular item. Averages were calculated by dividing the aggregate amount of income, expenditures, or savings by the total number of families in the class. Since all averages for a class are based on a common divisor, they are additive. 1 For a general description of the survey methods, see Chapter 8, B L S Handbook of Methods for Surveys and Studies (B L S Bulletin 1711). Family Budgets (N ote : Covers tables 136-149) The budgets for both the 4-person family and the retired couple are estimates of the total costs of representative lists of goods and services based on the manner of living and consumer choices in the 1960,s. They provide three levels of living described as lower, intermediate, and higher for each of the family types in urban areas of the United States. The quantities of goods and services included in the budgets were derived from two kinds of data: (1) Nutritional and health standards de termined by scientists and technicians; and (2) analytical studies of the data reported in surveys of consumer expenditures. Nutritional and health standards were used for food, housing, and medi cal care components. For other categories of consumption the analytical technique developed relied on the collective judgments of families as to the kinds and amounts of consumption required, rather than upon objective standards. In the determination of budget costs, the levels of prices paid for items are as important as the 13 quantities bought. Pricing descriptions of items were developed to control the levels of average prices used in each budget. For many of the items in the lower and higher budgets average price levels were esti mated by a variety of techniques. For most items in the three budgets, cost is the product of quan tity times price. However, for some items only an estimated cost was obtained, either by updating the original survey cost by change in the Consumer Price Index, or by calculating the ratio of costs of other items based on the ratio reflected in the basic survey. Taxes were calculated on the income earned by self-supporting families to maintain the specified levels of consumption. The 1970 and 1971 estimates of consumption were derived by applying price changes from the previous ye^r, spring 1970, reported in the Consumer Price Index to the cost of each main budget class of goods and services. This method of updating provides only an approximation of current budget costs, because the Consumer Price Index reflects spending patterns and prices paid for commodities and services pur chased by wage earners and clerical workers generally without regard to their family type and level of living. Personal taxes were computed for the spring 1970 and autumn 1971 budgets from tax rates in effect for 1969 and 1971 respectively. The intercity indexes based on the BLS budgets, within each level of living, reflect differences among areas in price levels, climatic or regional differences in the quantities and types of items required to provide the specified level, and differ ences in State and local taxes. Intercity indexes are comparative living cost indexes and not comparative price indexes. Differences in housing costs are based on average costs of occupied owned or rented dwellings. The differences in the cost of food reflect differences in price levels as well as differences in regional preference patterns in the choice of food. Equivalent income or family equivalence scales are measures to determine the relative income required by families differing in composition to maintain the same level of living. The scale values may be applied to estimates of the cost of goods and services (i.e., family consumption) in the budgets for a 4-person family to estimate com parable costs for urban families of other sizes, ages, and types. The scale in table 149 assumes that families spending the same proportion of income on food have attained equivalent levels of living. It was de rived from special tabulations of average income after taxes and average food expenditures -per family for specified categories of urban families cooperating in the Bureau's Survey of Consumer Expenditures, 1960-61. For a complete report on family budgets see BLS Bulletin Series 1570. Union Membership (N ote : Covers tables 150-153) The Bureau's membership survey includes all affiliates of the AFL-CIO, all unaffiliated national union, and all unafliliated unions which are party to collective bargaining agreements with different em ployers in more than one State. The study excludes unions whose activities are confined to a single locality or to a single employer. In addition, the survey ac counts for all unions of Federal Government employees that have received “ exclusive recognition", as speci fied in Executive Order 10988. Work Stoppages (N ote : Covers tables 154-159) The work stoppage series covers all strikes and lockouts known by the Bureau and its cooperating agencies to continue for 1 full day or shift or longer, and to involve six workers or more. For purposes of the studies, a strike is defined as a temporary stoppage of work by a group of employees to express a grievance or enforce a demand. A lock out is defined as a temporary withholding of work by an employer (or group of employers) to enforce Digitized14 for FRASER terms of employment upon a group of employees. Since 1922, no attempt has been made to distin guish between strikes and lockouts; both types are included in the term “ work stoppage." All stoppages, whether or not authorized by the union, legal or illegal, are counted. The series excludes, however, strikes of American seamen or other workers in foreign ports, and strikes of foreign crews in American ports. Also excluded are so-called slowdowns, in which employees continue to work but at deliberately reduced production speed. In addition, instances in which workers report an hour or two late each day as a protest gesture or leave work several hours before closing time to attend rallies or mass meetings are excluded. Industrial Injuries (N o te : Covers table 163) These data were compiled according to the national consensus standard. The current version of the standard is the Standard Method of Recording and Measuring Work-Injury Experience, 1967, approved by the American National Stand ards Institute. The injury rates shown in these tabulations include all classes of disabling work injuries. A disabling work injury is any injury oc curring in the course of and arising out of em ployment, which results in death, permanent impairment, or temporary-total disability. Injuries which require only first-aid or medical treatment are not included in the computation of injury rates. Absence from work for a part of a day for treatment is not considered “ disabling.” To be counted as “ disabling,” an injury must have either caused some permanent impairment or made the person unable to work at a regularly established job for at least 1 full day after the day of injury. Cases are counted, however, even if the inability to work existed only on a Saturday, Sunday, or some other nonwork day. The injury-frequency rate is the number of dis abling work injuries for each million employee hours worked. The injury-severity rate is the number of days of disability resulting from disabling work injuries for each million employee-hours worked. Weighting. Injury rates for the 2-and 3-digit industry groups were computed from the rates of component individual industries by applying weights based on estimated total employment in each industry. In some nonmanufacturing divi sions, data were not available for all industries; therefore, the division averages were not computed. Both the sampling plan and patterns of response tend toward higher representation of large than of small establishments in the sample. Large establishments tend to have lower injury fre quency and severity rates than smaller ones. Therefore, the published rates are more likely to be minimums than maximums. Classes of employees. The experience of all classes of employees (production, operating, and related workers; construction workers; sales, serv ice, delivery, technical, professional, office, ad ministrative, clerical, and all other personnel) was included in the computation of these injury rates. Self-employed persons, h( we* er, were not included. Survey coverage (1970). These surveys included reports from more than 50,000 manufacturing establishments, employing about 49 percent of all employees in manufacturing. In the selected non manufacturing industries other than mining and Federal Government, data were received from over 102,000 reporting units, employing over 4,700,000 workers. Foreign Labor Statistics (N ote : Covers tables 164-172) The Bureau of Labor Statistics joins with other nations in developing statistical standards through such agencies as the United Nations, the Inter national Labour Office (ILO), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and the Organization of American States (OAS). It also provides technical assistance, when re quested, to countries that are establishing labor statistical programs and furnishes specialized train ing to officials and technicians from other countries. The Bureau collects and analyzes foreign labor statistics from a variety of sources, but it does not conduct surveys abroad or serve as a primary compiler of foreign data. Tables 164-172 provide general statistics on manpower, labor cost, output per man-hour, earnings, price trends, and industrial disputes in selected countries. Most of the data originate from statistical offices of the various countries and, therefore, were intended to serve individual country needs. In many cases there are significant differences in definitions, concepts, and survey methods among countries, so that comparisons between countries can only be approximated. 15 In a few cases, adjustments have been made to improve comparability. The data pertain only to the period after World War II, since foreign labor statistics for most areas were limited in earlier years. Statistics on the labor force, employment, and unemployment abroad are obtained from periodic population censuses, household labor force surveys, employment surveys of industrial establishments, and occasional estimates based upon a variety of sources. The ILO receives such reports, makes some revisions, and publishes the results in its Year Book of Labour Statistics. The labor force data in table 164 are taken from the ILO Year Book and, in some cases, from country publica tions. Estimates of unemployment rates in western industrial countries, adjusted to United States definitions, were furnished by the Bureau to the Presidents Committee to Appraise Employment and Unemployment Statistics (Gordon Commit tee) and published in 1962. Subsequent articles have brought the original estimates up to date and introduced changes owing to revisions of basic data. The adjusted unemployment series begin with 1959 for most of the countries (table 165). Table 166 provides indexes of output per man hour, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs for all employees in 11 industrial countries. The compensation figures include wages and salaries plus additional labor costs such as contributions of employers to social security and private welfare plans. Unit labor cost indexes are shown in United States dollars as well as national currencies so that changes in unit labor costs can be related to international commercial competition. Average hourly earnings of wage workers can be subject to serious misinterpretation when used for international comparisons of hourly labor cost or labor income. In many countries, wage supple ments (special bonuses, social security contribu tions, and others) are provided more extensively than in the United States, and direct wages represent a much smaller proportion of the em ployer^ total labor expenditure or the worker’s total income from work. Also, because prices of goods and especially of services vary greatly among countries, it is not easy to tell what level of living a particular wage income will provide. This difficulty is all the greater since workers in different countries have very different preferences for many goods and services. Comparison of relative levels of earnings by direct conversion of earnings data 16 from national currencies into United States dollars using the official rates of exchange may be particu larly misleading. These exchange rates reflect only relative currency parities in international trans actions. Comparison of relative real earnings levels involves the adjustment of national earnings according to internal purchasing power parities. The earnings data presented in table 167 and the earnings indexes presented in table 168 are the usually published figures for each country un adjusted for comparability. They do not represent the same items of labor cost in each country because of differences in the treatment of various pay supplements. Earnings generally refer to gross cash payments to wage earners before deductions for taxes and social security, and include overtime pay and shift differentials; regular bonuses and premiums; and cost-of-living allowances. Holiday, vacation, and sick leave pay; irregular bonuses; payments in kind; and other pay supplements are included by some countries, excluded by others. The earnings data are per paid hour for some countries, per hour worked for other countries. In addition, several technical difference exist in the methods of measuring earnings. Many surveys pertain only to urban industrial centers, or to plants above a certain size, or to certain classes of workers. Trends in employee earnings are often examined in relation to consumer price trends to indicate changes in the purchasing power of earnings. Table 169 presents indexes of real hourly earnings of wage workers in manufacturing for 14 industrial countries. The indexes of real hourly earnings are computed by adjusting the indexes of nominal earnings by indexes of consumer prices. The real earnings data do not refer to changes in take-home or spendable earnings, because they have not been adjusted for changes in income tax and social security contribution rates, and they do not reflect changes in the average number of hours worked. The consumer price indexes for the 14 industrial countries plus selected other countries are pre sented in table 170. Consumer price indexes meas ure the changes over time in the prices of a representative sample of consumer goods and services purchased by the whole population or by a particular population group, for example, urban middle-income wage and salary workers. Indexes of wholesale prices are shown for nine industrial countries (table 171). The indexes for all commodities as well as for industrial commod ities and for manufactured or finished commodities are presented. No adjustments have been made for the differences in relative importance of products priced in each country. Statistics on industrial disputes (table 172) show the number of work stoppages and their severity rates for eight industrial countries for all years since 1955. “ Work stoppages” usually refer to strikes and lockouts, although the exact definition differs from country to country. The number of stoppages and particularly the severity rates often show major change from one year to another. Farm Employment and Wage Rates (N o te : Covers table 46) Estimates of farm employment and wage rates are based on data obtained from mailed question naires sent to a sample of farmers. Estimates of annual farm employment are averages based on the number of persons reported as doing farm work during one survey week, the last full calendar week ending at least the day before the end of each month; wage rates are averages of data that are collected quarterly. Family workers include farm operators, doing one or more hours of farm work, and members of their families, doing 15 hours or more of unpaid farm work during the survey week. All persons doing farm work for pay diming the week are counted as hired workers. Estimates in the USDA's series on employment generally exceed those of other agencies which may exclude children under 16 years of age, farm workers meeting the employment requirements on two farms or more in the survey week, or persons whose major employment is nonagricultural. USDA’s farm wage rate series is a composite of average rates compiled from reports submitted by individual farmers for their localities. Because of the general nature of the questionnaire, certain types of farms probably are overrepresented. Composite rate does not include piece rate workers Governmental Employment (N o te : Covers table 46) Employment and payrolls. The Civil Service Commission collects employment and payroll data from all departments and agencies of the Federal Government but not from the District of Columbia Government. Employment figures represent the number of persons who occupied civilian positions on the last day of the calendar month shown and who are paid for personal services rendered for the Federal Government, regardless of the nature of appointment or method of payment. Intermittent workers are counted if they performed any service during the report month. Employment totals exclude persons serv ing without compensation, persons on leave without pay for scheduled periods longer than 30 days, persons in leave status after reduction-inforce, and persons hired informally “ on the spot” without formal appointment procedures to cope with fire, flood, or other extreme emergencies. Federal payrolls include all payments for per sonal services rendered during the calendar month and payments for accumulated annual leave of employees who separate from service. Since most Federal employees are paid on a biweekly basis, the calendar month earnings are estimated par tially on the basis of the number of work days in each month where payroll periods overlap con secutive months. Monthly payroll totals fluctuate in amount because the number of work days in each month varies from 20 to 23 days. Holidays may be disregarded, since Federal employees are paid for the 9 national holidays on which they do not work. Public employment and payroll data are pri marily from Census Bureau reports based on mail canvassing of State and local governments. Local government data are estimates based on informa tion from a sample of government units (i.e., county, municipal, township, school district, and special district). Data for State governments are based upon total coverage and are not subject to sampling variation. Payroll amounts include all salaries, wages, and individual fee payments for the month specified, and employment numbers relate to all persons on governmental payrolls during a pay period of the month covered— including paid officials, tem porary help, and (except where otherwise specified) part-time as well as full-time personnel. As in financial data, figures for individual governments cover major dependent agencies, institutions of higher education, as well as the central depart ments and agencies of the government. 17 Apprentices in Training (N o te : Covers table 56) This series was developed jointly by the Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training (BAT), U.S. D e partment of Labor, and cooperating State Appren ticeship Agencies. These data are collected regu larly by the BAT and State Apprenticeship Agencies and reported to the Office of Financial Management Information Systems. The BAT acts as the registration agency and maintains records for those 20 States which have not established agencies of their own. Summary reports are received directly from the remaining 32 coop erating State agencies, including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. Manpower Development and Training (N ote: Covers tables 57-59) Enrollment Opportunities and Federal Obligations for Work and Training Program Data relating to enrollment opportunities and Federal obligations for Work and Training pro grams are derived from the following sources: Manpower Development and Training Act— (1) Institutional training including Part-time and other— (a) Federal obligations— form M T -2 “ Ap plication for Institutional Training Projects under the Manpower Development and Training Act.” (b) Enrollment opportunities— form M T -5 “ M D T A Monthly Progress Report, Individual Training Projects.” (2) On-the-Job Training— National Contracts— (a) Federal obligations— a copy of the contract negotiated between the spon soring agency and the Manpower Administrator, (b) Enrollment opportunities— form OJT-4 “ OJT Progress and Compliance Report.” (3) Jobs Op tional Program— (a) Federal obligations— (1) a copy of the contract between the Regional Man power Administrator and the State Agency or (2) Reports of State incurred obligations, (b) Enroll ment opportunities— form M A 5-64 “ Jobs Op tional Monthly Summary Report.” Neighborhood Youth Corps, Operation Main stream and Special Impact—Federal obligations and Enrollment opportunities are derived from forms BW P-1 “ Sponsors Project Application” and B W P -2 “ Sponsors Modification Transmittal.” Public Service Careers— Plans A , B, D, and E (STEP)— (a) Federal obligations— a copy of the contract negotiated between the Manpower Ad ministrator and the sponsor. In case the sponsor is a governmental agency, the instrument is an interagency agreement, (b) Enrollment oppor tunities— Plans A and B— form M A 5-19 “ Monthly Status Report;” Plan D— interagency agreement; Plan E— form M A 5-35 “ Monthly Status Report.” 18 Job Opportunities in the Business Sector— In formation is obtained from the JOBS contract, “ Entry Component Signatory Form— Option A .” Concentrated Employment Program— Informa tion on Federal obligations is based on contracts between the project sponsors and the Regional Manpower Administrator. Enrollment Oppor tunities are not meaningful for the CEP program because the CEP approach utilizes a variety of program components— orientation, basic educa tion, work experience, and other types of job training. An individual may be enrolled in one or in several components. Work Incentive Program— Information was ob tained from form BWP-131, “ Work Incentive Program (WIN) Comprehensive Plan and Budget” from July 1968 through April 1969. Since May 1969, the information has been obtained from form MA-3100-13, “ Work Incentive Pro gram (W IN) Information Sheet.” Job Corps— Federal obligations and enrollment opportunities— (a) Interagency agreements, (b) Contracts between private enterprise, non-profit organizations and (lesser institutions) State and local governmental units. Trainees Enrolled in Work and Training Pro grams Data relating to characteristics of trainees en rolled in work and training programs are derived as follows: Manpower Development and Training Act— M D T A data were tabulated from information sub mitted on form MT-101, “ Characteristics of Trainees under the M D TA and A R A ,” from the inception of the program through November 1968. Since December 1968, characteristic data have been tabulated from information submitted on form MA-101, “ Applicant Information Record.” This form is prepared by the local Employment Service offices for each individual who is referred to training. Only those persons who are enrolled in the program for at least 5 days are included in the tabulation. JOBS—Optional Program (JOP) Character istics for Job Optional trainees are tabulated from form M A 5-37 “ Individual Information Record.” Neighborhood Youth Corps, Operation Mainstream and Public Service Careers— Data for these programs are tabulated from information submit ted on form N YC-16, “ The Neighborhood Youth Corps Enrollee Record.” This form is completed by the project sponsor for each individual at the time he enrolls in a project. Concentrated Employment Program— CEP data are tabulated from information submitted on form MA-101, “ Applicant Information Record.” This form is completed for each applicant who has met CEP eligibility requirement (including residence in the CEP target area) and has been assigned to a CEP employability development team. Work Incentive Program— W IN data are tabu lated from information submitted on form M A 101, “ Applicant Information Record.” This form is completed for each person who agrees to par ticipate in the program, has met the eligibility requirements, and been assigned to a W IN de velopment team. Job Opportunities in the Business Sector—JOBS data are tabulated from (1) information submitted on form MA-111, “ JOBS Hiring Card,” and (2) MA-114, “ JOBS Upgrading Card.” These cards are completed at the time the employer hires an employee or upgrades training of an employee already on the payroll under the JOBS program. Job Corps— Characteristics are tabulated from OEO form-16 “ Corps Data Sheet” submitted for each Job Corps trainee. Enrollment Completion and Post* Training Employment Under MDTA Estimates of the number of trainees enrolled in training in fiscal years 1963-68 were based on the receipt of form MT-101, “ Characteristics of Trainees under the M D T A and A R A .” This form was prepared for each individual referred to training under M D TA. Only those persons who were enrolled in the program for at least 5 days were included in the estimates. Estimates of the number of trainees enrolled in training since fiscal year 1968 have been tabulated from information obtained from forms M T -5 “ M D TA Monthly Progress Report—Institutional Training Projects,” and OJT—4 -M T —4, “ OJT Progress and Compli ance Report.” The M T -5 form, covering training under the institutional training program (includ ing part time and other training), is prepared at the end of each month for each occupation and project or numbered part of a subproject of a multioccupational project by the State Employ ment Service Offices. The O JT -4 -M T -4 form, covering on-the-job training, is prepared monthly by the prime contractor. If subcontractors are involved, the contractor submits a consolidated report. Jobs Optional Program— Data relating to in dividuals hired and terminated under the JOP program are reported on form M A 5-17 “ JOBS Monthly Progress Report/Invoice.” Estimates of the number of individuals who completed their training in fiscal years 1963-68 were based on the receipt of form (M T-102) “ Individual Trainee Termination of Training.” This form was completed for each individual at the time his status as a trainee, enrollee, or recipient of service ended; he was transferred from a pro gram or project; or shifted from one phase to another within a project. Since fiscal year 1968, estimates of the number of individuals who com pleted their training have been tabulated from information obtained from forms M T -5 and O JT -4-M T -4. Estimates of the number of former enrollees who have successfully completed training and obtained employment were based on the receipt of form MT-103, “ Post Training Report,” from the inception of the program through October 1969. There were three followup reports; one at 3 months, the second at 6 months, and the final followup at 12 months after completion of training. Since November 1969, estimates of the number of enrollees who have successfully completed training and obtained employment have been based on the receipt of form MA-103, “ Current Job Status Report.” Forms are mailed to each enrollee who has successfully completed all phases of training services in the M D T A program. There are two followup reports, one at 3 months and the second at 6 months after completion of training. 19 Unemployment Insurance (Note. Covers tables 74-77) Unemployment insurance provides benefit pay ments to persons experiencing involuntary un employment. The amount and length of payments are based on past earnings and eligibility criteria established under State or Federal unemployment insurance laws. The tables presented herein relate only to activity under the State unemploy ment insurance programs. Currently, about two-thirds of the civilian labor force are covered by unemployment insur ance laws. Almost four-fifths of all nonfarm wage and salary workers are covered. Besides farm workers, major groups not generally covered by State laws are domestic service workers in private homes, employees of nonprofit organizations, State and local government workers, railroad employees, military personnel, and Federal ci vilian employees. The last three groups are covered by Federal unemployment insurance programs. The program for railroad workers is administered by the Railroad Retirement Board. (About one-half of the States also exclude em ployment in all firms employing less than four persons.) The Employment Security Amendments of 1970, signed by the President August 8, 1970, as Public Law 91-373, have the effect of extending coverage to an estimated 4.9 million workers by January 1972, when the Federal changes will be implemented by State legislation. The workers to be added are those employed by firms employ ing one or more persons, nonprofit institutions employing 4 or more individuals one or more days in each of 20 weeks during any calendar year (exempt from coverage are churches and schools other than institutions of higher educa tion), State hospitals and institutions of higher education, and citizens of the United States em ployed outside the United States by an American employer. The amendments also provide for a FederalState extended unemployment compensation pro gram at prescribed State or national levels of insured unemployment, as well as an increased net Federal unemployment tax rate, raise the limit on taxable wages, and provide for a number of other changes in detail. 20 Employment security information is supplied to the Manpower Administration by State em ployment security agencies. The data are obtained from State and local office records and from inter views with unemployment insurance claimants in more than 2,000 local offices. A variety of unemployment insurance statistics are regularly published in the monthly Unemployment Insurance Statistics and in The Quarterly Employment and Wages. “ Insured unemployment” is an administrative count of the number of weeks of unemployment claimed by persons seeking unemployment in surance benefits. The count for any week repre sents the number of weeks claimed at the local offices during the calendar week immediately following the week of unemployment. The insured unemployment rate for a week is derived by dividing the insured unemployment figure by the average monthly covered employment for a 12-month period roughly corresponding to the base period. Statistics on personal and economic character istics (age, sex, color, occupation, industry, and duration of current unemployment, by State) are derived from a sample survey taken in the week containing the 12th of the month of all persons claiming unemployment insurance benefits under the State programs. The sample is inflated to the universe count of State-insured unemploy ment. The size of the minimum required sample in each State is inverse^ related to the volume of State insured unemployment. It varies from 1 percent in States with large volumes, to a uni verse count in States with low volumes of insured unemployment. The sampling method was de signed to obtain reliable data and to permit easy comparisons of data among the States. The use of a varying sampling ratio among the States makes it possible to hold constant the percent sampling variation expected, even though from State to State the cells might differ considerably in absolute size. At the national level the expected deviation from any percentage presented in the tables is extremely small. Employee-Benefit Plans (N ote: Covers table 119) An “ employee-benefit plan” is any type of plan sponsored or initiated unilaterally or jointly by employers and employees and providing benefits that stem from the employment relationship and that are not underwritten or paid directly by government (Federal, State, or local). Estimates of coverage, contributions, and bene fits are based for the most part on reports by private insurance companies and other non government agencies. Contributions under insured pension plans are on a net basis, with dividends and refunds de ducted. Those under noninsured plans are, for the most part, on a gross basis, and refunds appear as benefit payments. For pay-as-you-go (unfunded) plans, contributions have been assumed to equal benefit payments. The number of beneficiaries under pension plans relates to those in receipt of periodic payments at the end of the year and thus excludes those receiv ing lump sums during the year. The retirement benefits under noninsured plans do include: (1) Refunds of employee contributions to individuals who withdraw from the plans before retirement and before accumulating vested deferred rights, (2) payments of the excess of employee contribu tions to survivors of pensioners who die before they receive in retirement benefits an amount equal to their contributions, and (3) lump-sum payments made under deferred profit-sharing plans. Because the source of the data from which the estimates have been developed does not permit distinction between these lump-sum benefits and the amounts representing monthly retirement benefits, precise data on average monthly or an nual retirement benefit amounts cannot be derived. Social Insurance (N ote: Covers table 120) This table presents data related to the Federal program for old-age, survivors, disability, and health insurance (OASDHI) established by the Social Security Act. This program provides monthly cash benefits to retired or disabled insured workers and their dependents and to the survivors of insured workers. Within the specifications of the law, retirement benefits are payable to an aged insured worker; to his aged spouse or his spouse at any age caring for his child w7ho is under age 18 or totally disabled; and to his child wdio is under age 18, totally disabled, or a full-time student under age 22. An aged worker becomes eligible for full benefits at age 65, although he may elect re duced benefits up to 3 years earlier; his spouse is under the same limitations. Under certain condi tions, survivor benefits are payable to dependents of an insured worker, including his aged widow or his widow at any age caring for his child who is under age 18 or totally disabled; his child who is under age 18, totally disabled, or a full-time student under age 22; and his aged parents. Dis ability benefits are payable to an insured worker under age 65 with a prolonged disability that meets the definition in the act and to his dependents on the same basis as dependents of retired workers. A lump sum benefit is also payable on the death of an insured wrorker. Since July 1966, health insurance is being pro vided under two coordinated plans for nearly all persons age 65 and over: A hospital insurance plan wdiich covers hospital and related services and a vol untary supplementary medical insurance plan which covers physicians’ services and related medical services. Retirement, survivors, disability, and hospital insurance benefits are paid for by the contributions of workers, employers, and the self-employed on annual earnings up to a maximum taxable limit. Hospital benefits are financed out of Federal general revenues for persons 65 and over with specified amounts of social security coverage less than that required for cash benefit eligibility. The voluntary medical insurance plan is financed by a premium paid by persons age 65 and over who choose to enroll in the plan, and by a matching contribution by the Federal Government from general revenues. The money collected is deposited in Federal Trust funds. 21 46C-157 0 — '7! 3 National Labor Relations Board, Jurisdiction and Cases ( N o t e : C o v e rs ta b le 161) The following summary shows data limitations imposed by various legislative and rule changes affecting the N LRB jurisdiction. L egislative and R ule C hanges A ffecting C omparability of N.L.R.B. T ime-S eries D ata Type of case Unfair Labor Practice. National Labor Re lations (Wagner) Act, effective July 5, 1935 Charges alleging em ployer unfair labor practices. Representation. Petitions requesting Board action to determine whether employees wished to select a collective bargaining repre sentative. Union-Shop Authoriza tion. Union-Shop Deauthoriza tion. Amendment of Certification. Unit Clarifica tion. 22 Labor Management Re lations (Taft-Hartley) Act, 1947, effective August 22, 1947 Labor Management Reporting and Disclo sure (Landrum-Griflin) Act of 1959, effective November 13, 1959 Imposed for the first time an unfair labor practice counterpart on L abor organ ization s . Outlawed “hot cargo” contract clauses by employers and/or unions and placed certain limitations on union picketing. Amendments to N.L.R.B. Rules and Regulations effective November 30, 1964 Authorized the filing of decertification peti tions as well as broad ened the area for em ployer-filed petitions for collective bargain ing elections. Authorized the filing of petitions for Boardconducted polls to determine whether a contract be authorized requiring union mem bership as a condition of employment. This portion of act was abolished in October 1951. Authorized the filing of petitions for Boardconducted polls to determine whether a union’s authority to enter into a unionshop contract should be rescinded. Authorized the filing of petitions for amendment of an existing certifica tion. Authorized the filing of petitions seeking a determination as to whether a certain classification of employees should be included within a presently existing bargaining unit. Wage and Hour Investigation Findings (N o t e : C o v e rs ta b le 162) Introduction The data are tabulated from “ Investigation Report” forms sent in for each establishment investigated by a W H Compliance Officer. The statistics therefore represent only findings obtained from investigated establishments and do not represent total underpayments due under the Fair Labor Standards Act, Government Contracts Acts, Age Discrimination in Employment Act, and title III (Restriction on Garnishment) of the Consumer Protection Act. paid full overtime compensation for all hours worked over the applicable overtime standard, employees found not paid equally because of sex, employees found discriminated against because of their age, and workers whose wages have been found to be illegally garnisheed in violation of the provisions of the acts. Also included are workers, such as handicapped workers, certified for special minimum wage rates who were found not paid in accordance with the certifi cates. Minors found illegally employed in violation of the acts are not shown. Establishments Investigated Amount of Underpayments Establishments are investigated because of complaints received from employees, unions, or other interested parties. In addition, each region schedules investigations in those industries where there is a strong likelihood that firms might be in violation of the acts. In general the amount shown for all types of underpayments involves an investigation period of up to 2 years. Employees Underpaid Underpaid employees are those found not paid the required minimum wage rate, employees found not Illegally Withheld Wages That Employers Agreed to Pay The amount of underpayments which the em ployers agreed to pay back to employees found underpaid may be all or only a part of the amount found due. Gross National Produet and National Income ( N o t e : C o v e rs tables 173-176) Gross National Product Gross National Product (GNP) represents the total national output of goods and services at current market prices. It measures this output in terms of the expenditures by which these goods are acquired. These expenditures are the sum of four major items: (1) personal consumption ex penditures, (2) gross private domestic investment, (3) net export of goods and services, and (4) government purchases of goods and services. The GNP series measures the product of the factors of production—labor and property— sup plied by residents of the Nation. “ Personal consumption expenditures” consists of the market value of purchases of goods and services by persons and nonprofit institutions and the value of food, clothing, housing, and financial services received by them as income in kind. It includes the rental value of owner-occupied houses but does not include purchases of dwellings, which are classified as capital goods. “ Gross private domestic investment” consists of the net acquisitions of fixed capital goods by private business and nonprofit institutions; in cluding commissions arising in the sale and pur chase of new and existing fixed assets, principally real estate; and the value of the change in the volume of inventories by business. It covers all private dwellings, including those acquired by persons for their own occupancy. “ Net exports of goods and services” measures the balance on goods and services, excluding transfers under military grants, as reported in the U.S. balance of payments statistics. “ Government purchases of goods and services” consists of the net purchases of goods and services by general government and of the gross invest ment of government enterprises. General govern ment purchases comprises employee compensation and net purchases from business and from abroad. They exclude the acquisition of land, current out lays of government enterprises transfer payments, government interest, and subsidies, as well as transactions in financial claims. 23 Gross National Product in Constant Dollars The GNP is also deflated and expressed in con stant prices. The procedure in general is to divide components of the current dollar GNP by appro priate price indexes, utilizing as fine a product breakdown as possible, and then to sum the components to obtain the constant dollar GNP. The price information is combined into indexes applicable to the various current dollar series. Weights for constructing the indexes approximat ing expenditures for the products represented by the price series, have been obtained from the de tailed industrial censuses. Expenditure weights in some instances have been broken down between urban and rural. Quantity data also are utilized in lieu of price deflation in a number of instances, most notably in the case of government employ ment. The implicit deflators are computed by dividing the deflated estimates into the corre sponding current dollar estimates. National Income National Income is the aggregate of earnings by labor and property which arise in the current pro duction of goods and services by the Nation’s economy. It is the sum of five major items: (1) compensation of employees, (2) proprietors’ in come, (3) rental income of persons, (4) net interest, and (5) corporate profits and inventory valuation adjustment. “ Compensation of employees” is the sum of wages, salaries, and supplements to wages and salaries, such as employer contributions for social insurance. “ Proprietors’ income” measures the monetary earnings and income in kind of sole proprietorships (including doctors, lawyers, and other self-em ployed), partnerships and producers’ cooperatives, exclusive of capital gains or losses on inventory or other asset holdings. The supplementary income which individuals obtain from renting property does not appear here, but under rental income of persons. “ Rental income of persons” consists of (1) net money income from rental of real property, (2) imputed net rental value to homeowners of their homes, and (3) royalties received from patents, copyrights, and rights to natural resources. 24 “ Net interest” measures the excess of interest payments of the domestic business system over its interest receipts, plus net interest received from abroad. In addition to monetary interest flows, net interest includes imputed interest arising in con nection with the operations of financial inter mediaries. “ Corporate profits” is the earnings of corpora tions organized for profit which accrue to residents of this Nation measured before Federal and State profit taxes, but without deduction of depletion charges and exclusive of capital gains and losses and intercorporate dividends. “ Corporate inventory valuation adjustment” measures the excess of the value of the change in the physical volume of corporate inventories (valued at average prices during the period) over the change in terms of book values. This adjust ment is made to profits to remove the inventory profit or loss that occurs in business accounting when the book cost of inventories differs from the current replacement cost. Valuation in current prices of the cost of inventories used up puts sales and costs on a consistent basis and is necessary to derive measures of national output in current prices. The national income is a useful measure of the flow of earnings from current output. By defini tion, it excludes capital gains and losses. The move ments of this series correspond with movements in production. However, the value of the national income series lies more in the composition than in the total. It may mean little to know that national income (unadjusted for price changes) has gone up; but it may be very important to know the relative contribution of wages and profits to that increase. Care must be taken not to interpret movements in the series as measuring something other than they are intended to measure. For example, varia tions in wages and profits do not necessarily indicate changes in the welfare of workers or in the ability of corporations to provide new capital. For such purposes, these variations must be considered in the light of other factors, such as the cost of living and the cost of new plant and equipment. It should be recognized that many of the available data permit only fair approxi mations of the phenomena being measured, and therefore too great a reliance should not be placed on these statistics as instruments of precise measurement. Consumer Income ( N o t e : C o v e rs table 176) Background Definitions Since 1947, the Bureau of the Census has pub lished annual statistics on consumer income of families and persons 14 years old and over, crossclassified by various social, demographic, and economic characteristics, such as farm-nonfarm residence, race, age, type and size of family, num ber of children, number of earners, employment status, source of income, occupation and industry groups, etc. Data on consumer income are derived from the Current Population Survey conducted by the Bureau of the Census in March of each year. Total money income.— This is defined as the algebraic sum of money wages and salaries, net income from self-employment, and income other than earnings. The total income of a family is the algebraic sum of the amounts received by all in come recipients in the family. Family.— The term “ family” refers to a group of two persons or more, related by blood, marriage, or adoption and residing together; all such persons are considered as members of the same family. Race.— The population is divided into three groups on the basis of race: white, Negro, and “ other races.” The last category includes Indians, Japanese, Chinese, and any other race except white and Negro. “ Other races” are usually shown in combination with the Negro population. Years of school completed.— Data on years of school completed were derived from the combination of answers to questions concerning the highest grade of school attended by the person and whether or not that grade was completed. The questions on educational attainment apply only to progress in graded public, private, and parochial elementary and high schools, colleges, universities, and pro fessional schools, whether day schools or night schools. Further definitions.— More extensive definitions of the terms, explanations of collection and proc essing procedures, and a statement on sampling variability may be found in Current Population Reports, Series P-60, No. 80, “ Income in 19 0 of Families and Persons in the United States.” Description of Survey The March survey covers the civilian noninstitutional population and members of the Armed Forces living off post or with their families on post in the United States. Data on consumer income cover money income (exclusive of certain money receipts such as capital gains) prior to deductions for taxes, bonds, pensions, union dues, etc. Prior to the March 1966 survey, income data were collected from approximately 25,000 repre sentative households, or about 75 percent of the households included in the sample. In the March 1966 survey, data on income were collected from all households in the sample (approximately 35,000 households). Beginning with the March 1967 survey, the sample was enlarged to include about 50,000 households. Income data were col lected from all households in the survey. The time period covered by the income statistics relates to the preceding calendar year, but the character istics such as age, employment status, etc., and the composition of families refer to the time of enumeration. Persons in the following categories were not included in the income portion of the survey. 1. Members of the Armed Forces living in barracks on military reservations. 2. Inmates of penal and mental institutions and persons living in homes for the aged, infirm, and needy. 3. Persons less than 14 years old. Reliability of the Estimates Since the estimates are based on a sample, they are subject to sampling variability. Particular care should be exercised in the interpretation of figures based on relatively small numbers of cases; such care should apply also to small differences be tween figures. Moreover, as in all field surveys of income, the figures are subject to errors of response and nonreporting. 25 T A B L E 1. Employment Status of the Noninstitutional Population, by Sex, 1947-71 [Persons 16 years of age and over; numbers in thousands] Civilian labor force T o t a l labor force E m ployed Sex an d year T o ta l n oninsti tution al p o p u la tio n P ercent Total T otal N um ber "Sr B oth Se x e s 1947......................................................................... 1948.......................................................................... 1949.......................................................................... 1950.......................................................................... 1951.......................................................................... 1952.......................................................................... 1953 i ....................................................................... 1 9 5 4 ....................................................................... 1955.......................................................................... 1956......................................................................... 1957.......................................................................... 1958.......................................................................... 1959.......................................................................... 1960 i ....................................................................... 1961.......................................................................... 1962 i ....................................................................... 1963.......................................................................... 1964.......................................................................... 1965.......................................................................... 1966.......................................................................... 1967 2______________________________________ 1968................................- ...................................... 103,418 104,527 105,611 106,645 107,721 108,823 110,601 111,671 112,732 113,811 115,065 116,363 117,881 119, 759 121,343 122,981 125,154 127,224 129,236 131,180 133,319 135,562 60,941 62,080 62,903 63,858 65,117 65,730 66,560 66,993 68,072 69,409 69,729 70,275 70,921 72,142 73,031 73,442 74,571 75,830 77,178 78,893 80,793 82,272 58.9 59.4 59.6 59.9 60.4 60.4 60.2 60.0 60.4 61.0 60.6 60.4 60.2 60.2 60.2 59.7 59.6 59.6 59.7 60.1 60.6 60.7 1969................................................................... 1970................................................................... 1971............ ................................................... 137,841 140,182 142,596 84,239 85,903 86,929 1970 January............................................................ February............... ......................................... March............................................................... A p ril................................................................. M ay....................... .......................................... J u n e . .................. .......................................... J u ly .................................................................. A ugu st............................................................. September....................................................... O ctober.................................. ......................... N ovem ber....................................................... D ecem ber........................................................ 139,099 139,298 139,497 139,687 139,884 140,046 140,259 140,468 140,675 140,886 141,091 141,301 1971 January........................................................... February.................... ................................... M arch________________________ ________ A p ril.............................................................. M ay...... ......................... .................................. June___________ _________________________ J u ly............. ................................................... A u g u st.......................................................... S eptem ber..................................................... October............................................................ N ovem ber........... ........................... .............. December....................................................... Agri culture Unem ployed Percent o f labor fbi*ce Nonagricultural indus tries N um ber N ot season ally adjusted N o tin labor force Season ally adjusted 61.1 61.3 61.0 59,350 60,621 61,286 62,208 62,017 62,138 63,015 63,643 65,023 66,552 66,929 67,639 68,369 69,628 70,459 70,614 71,833 73,091 74,455 75,770 77,347 78,737 80,733 82,715 84,113 57,039 58,344 57,649 58,920 59,962 60,254 61,181 60,110 62,171 63,802 64,071 63,036 64,630 65,778 65,746 66,702 67,762 69,305 71,088 72,895 74,372 75,920 77,902 78,627 79,120 7,891 7,629 7,656 7,160 6,726 6,501 6,261 6,206 6,449 6,283 5,947 5,586 5,565 5,458 5,200 4,944 4,687 4,523 4,361 3,979 3,844 3,817 3,606 3,462 3,387 49,148 50,713 49,990 51,760 53,239 53,753 54,922 53,903 55,724 57,517 58,123 57,450 59,065 60,318 60,546 61,759 63,076 64,782 66,726 68,915 70,527 72,103 74,296 75,165 75,732 2,311 2,276 3,637 3,288 2,055 1,883 1,834 3,532 2,852 2,750 2,859 4,602 3,740 3,852 4,714 3,911 4,070 3,786 3,366 2,875 2,975 2,817 2,831 4,088 4,993 3.9 3.8 5.9 5.3 3.3 3.0 2.9 5.5 4.4 4.1 4.3 6.8 5.5 5.5 6.7 5.5 5.7 5.2 4.5 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.5 4.9 5.9 84,105 84,625 85,008 85,231 84,968 87,230 87,955 87,248 85,656 86,255 86,386 86,165 60.5 60.8 60.9 61.0 60.7 62.3 62.7 62.1 60.9 61.2 61.2 61.0 80,719 81,283 81,690 81,960 81,741 84,050 84,801 84,115 82,547 83,175 83,347 83,152 77,313 77,489 77,957 78,408 78,357 79,382 80,291 79,894 78,256 78,916 78,741 78,516 2,915 2,994 3,171 3,531 3,725 4,208 4,118 3,782 3,525 3,394 3,226 2,952 74,398 74,495 74,786 74,877 74,632 75,174 76,173 76,112 74,730 75,522 75,515 75,564 3,406 3,794 3,733 3,552 3,384 4,669 4,510 4,220 4,292 4,259 4,607 4,636 4.2 4.7 4.6 4.3 4.1 5.6 5.3 5.0 5.2 5.1 5.5 5.6 3.9 4.2 4.4 4.7 4.9 4.8 5.0 5.1 5.4 5.5 5.9 6.2 54,993 54,673 54,489 54,456 54,915 52,816 52,304 53,220 55,019 54,631 54,705 55,137 141,500 141,670 141,885 142,088 142,285 142,482 142,685 142,886 143,104 143,321 143,517 143,723 85,628 85,653 85,598 85,780 85,954 87,784 88,808 88,453 86,884 87,352 87,715 87,541 60.5 60.5 60.4 60.4 61.6 62.2 61.9 60.7 60.9 61.1 60.9 82,652 82,703 82,668 82,898 83,104 84,968 86,011 85,678 84,135 84,635 85,019 84,883 77,238 77,262 77,493 78,204 78,709 79,478 80,681 80,618 79,295 80,065 80,204 80,188 2,877 2,846 3,042 3,505 3,598 3,920 3,971 3,764 3,444 3,470 3,262 2,948 74,361 74,415 74,452 74,699 75,111 75,559 76,710 76,853 75,851 76,595 76,942 77,240 5,414 5,442 5,175 4,694 4,394 5,490 5,330 5,061 4,840 4,570 4,815 4,695 6.6 6.6 6.3 5.7 5.3 6.5 6.2 5.9 5.8 5.4 5.7 5.5 6.0 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.1 5.8 5.9 6.1 6.0 5.8 6.0 6.0 55,872 56,017 56,286 56,308 56,331 54,698 53,877 54,433 56,220 55,968 55,802 56,181 50,968 51,439 51,922 52,352 52,788 53,248 54,248 54,706 55,122 55,547 56,082 56,640 57,312 58,144 58,826 59,626 60,627 61,556 62,473 63.351 64,316 65,345 66,365 67,407 68,512 44,258 44,729 45,097 45,446 46,063 46,416 47,131 47,275 47,488 47,914 47,964 48,126 48,405 48,870 49,193 49,395 49,835 50,387 50,946 51,560 52,397 53,030 53,688 54,343 54,797 86.8 87.0 86.9 86.8 87.3 87.2 86.9 86.4 86.2 86.3 85.5 85.0 84.5 84.0 83.6 82.8 82.2 81.9 81.5 81.4 81.5 81.2 80.9 80.6 80.0 42,686 43,286 43,498 43,819 43,001 42,869 43,633 43,965 44,475 45,091 45,197 45,521 45,886 46,388 46,653 46,600 47,129 47,679 48,255 48,471 48,986 49,533 50,221 51,195 52,021 40,994 41,726 40,926 41,580 41,780 41,684 42,431 41,620 42,621 43,380 43,357 42,423 43,466 43,904 43,656 44,177 44,657 45,474 46,340 46,919 47,479 48,114 48,818 48,960 49, 245 6,643 6,358 6,342 6,001 5,533 5,389 5,253 5,200 5,265 5,039 4,824 4,596 4,532 4,472 4,298 4,069 3,809 3,691 3,547 3,243 3,164 3,157 2,963 2,861 2,790 34,351 35,368 34,584 35,578 36,248 36,294 37,178 36,418 37,357 38,340 38,532 37,827 38,934 39,431 39,359 40,108 40,849 41,782 42,792 43,675 44,315 44,957 45,854 46,099 46,455 1,692 1,559 2,572 2,239 1,221 1,185 1,202 2,344 1,854 1,711 1,841 3,098 2,420 2,486 2,997 2,423 2,472 2,205 1,914 1,551 1,507 1,419 1,403 2,235 2,776 4.0 3.6 5.9 5.1 2.8 2.8 2.8 5.3 4.2 3.8 4.1 6.8 5.3 5.4 6.4 5.2 5.2 4.6 4.0 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.8 4.4 5.3 6 0 .3 42,477 42,447 42,708 42,787 42,604 43,093 44,041 44,678 44,660 44,402 45,336 46,088 46,960 47,617 48,312 49,539 50,583 51,394 52,058 52,288 52,527 53,291 53,602 54,280 55,666 M ale 1947................................................................... 1948................................................................... 1949................................................................... 1950................................................................... 1951................................................................... 1952................................................................... 1 9 5 3 1 ......................................................... 1954................................................................... 1955............ ..................................................... 1956................................................................... 1957................................................................... 1958................................................................... 1959................................................................... 1960 i ................................................................ 1961................................................................... 1962 i ................... ............................................. 1963................................................................... 1964................................................................... 1965.............................. .................................... 1966................................ ............ ..................... 1967 2___________ .. _______ .. 1968................................................................... 1969.................................................................. 1970.................................................................. 1971.................................................................. See fo o tn o te s a t end o f table. 26 6,710 6,710 6,825 6,906 6,725 6,832 7,117 7,431 7,634 7,633 8,118 8,514 8,907 9,274 9,633 10,231 10,792 11,169 11,527 11,792 11,919 12,315 12,677 13,066 13,715 T A B L E 1. Employment Status of the Non institutional Population, by Sex, 1 9 4 7 -7 1 — Continued [Persons 16 years of age and over; numbers in thousands] Civilian labor 1Force Total labor force Sex and year Em ployed Total noninstitutional popula tion Num ber 1970 January......................._.......... ...................... February........................................................ March ............... ............................... ........... A pril........ ........................................................ M ay----------- -------------------------------------------June......................................... ...................... July........................ ........................................ A ugust........................................................... September.................... ............ .................... October_____________ __________________ N ovem ber.____ _______________ _________ December.............................. ........................ January........................................................... February................................................... . March............................................................. A pril........ ................................ ...................... M ay.................................................................. June.................. .............................................. July................................................................. A ugust.......................................................... September.................................. ................. October........................................................... N ovem ber......................... .................... ....... December........ .............................................. F emale 1947___ _____________________ _____ 1948____________________________________ 1949____________________________________ 1950_____ _______________ ... _____ 1951____________________________________ 1952____________________________________ 19531 . . . ____ . . _____ 1954____________________________________ 1955____________________________________ 1956____________________________________ 1957______ _____________________________ 1 9 5 8 ....________________________________ 1959____________________________________ 1960 i__________________________ _____ 1961____________________________________ 19621________ ______ . _____ 1963____________________________________ 1964____________________________________ 1965____________________________________ 1966____________________________________ 1967 2____________________ ____________ 1968......................... ............................ ....... 1969................................ . ................. 1970........................... ......... ........... .......... 1971............................. ............... . 1970 January________________________________ F ebruary................................ ...................... M a rch .._________________ ______________ A pril_________ ____________ _____________ M ay_________ ___________________________ June____________ _______________________ Ju ly_____ ________________________ ______ A ugust______ _____ _____________________ Septem ber_____________________________ October_____ ________ __________________ N ovem ber_______ _______________________ D ecem b er...................................................... 1971 January........ ..................... ................. .......... February_________ ______________________ March................... ........... ............... ............. A pril............... ............................ .......... ......... M ay.......................................................... ....... June................................................................ July.................................................................. A ugust............................................................ September.................................... ................. October......................................... ................. Novem ber______ _____ _________ ________ D ecem ber................................................ ....... Percent of popula tion Percent o f labor foi■ce Total Total Agri culture Nonagri cultural indus tries N ot in labor force N um ber N ot season ally adjusted Season ally adjusted 66,919 67,009 67,098 67,183 67,271 67,341 67,439 67,538 67,633 67,730 67,824 67,920 53,225 53,481 53,737 53,899 53,995 55,657 56,144 55,633 54,133 54,054 54,068 54,089 79.5 79.8 80.1 80.2 80.3 82.7 83.3 82.4 80.0 79.8 79.7 79.6 48,877 50,178 50,460 50,667 50,807 52,518 53,030 52,540 51,065 51,015 51,069 51,117 47,941 48,000 48,378 48,686 48,964 49,986 50,555 50,533 48,923 48,777 48,635 48,341 2,484 2,546 2,704 2,979 3,056 3,340 3,290 3,090 2,904 2,771 2,664 2,506 45,458 45,454 45,674 45,708 45,908 46,646 47,265 47,243 46,019 46,006 45,971 45,835 1,935 2,178 2,082 1,981 1,843 2,531 2,475 2,207 2,142 2,238 2,434 2,776 3.9 4.3 4.1 3.9 3.6 4.8 4.7 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.8 5.4 3.3 3.6 3.7 4.1 4.3 4.3 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.6 13,694 13,528 13,361 13,284 13,276 11,684 11,295 11,905 13,500 13,676 13,756 13,831 68,009 68,085 68,185 68,278 68,367 68,456 68,549 68,647 68,748 68,848 68,938 69,033 53,873 53,832 53,875 54,218 54,390 55,920 56,730 56,307 54,609 54,604 54,643 54,566 79.2 79.1 79.0 79.4 79.6 81.7 82.8 82.0 79.4 79.3 79.3 79.0 50,938 50,922 50,987 51,376 51,580 53,145 53,973 53,572 51,900 51,926 51,988 51,948 47,686 47,686 47,979 48,734 49,127 50,173 51,066 50,905 49,476 49,535 49,408 49,164 2,456 2,424 2,595 2,920 2,930 3,122 3,171 3,064 2,806 2,821 2,691 2,474 45,230 45,262 45,383 45,814 46,196 47,050 47,894 47,842 46,670 46,714 46,717 46,689 3,252 3,236 3,008 2,642 2,453 2,972 2,908 2,667 2,424 2,391 2,580 2,784 6.4 6.4 5.9 5.1 4.8 5.6 5.4 5.0 4.7 4.6 5.0 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.2 5.2 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.4 14,136 14,254 14,310 14,060 13,977 12,536 11,820 12,340 14,138 14,244 14,295 14,467 52,450 53,088 53,689 54,293 54,933 55,575 56,353 56,965 57,610 58,264 58,983 59,723 60,569 61,615 62,517 63,355 64,527 65,668 66,763 67,829 69,003 70,217 71,476 72,774 74,084 16,683 17,351 17,806 18,412 19,054 19,314 19,429 19,718 20,584 21,495 21, 765 22,149 22,516 23, 272 23,838 24,047 24,736 25,443 26,232 27,333 28,395 29,242 30,551 31,560 32,132 31.8 32.7 33.2 33.9 34.7 34.8 34.5 34.6 35.7 36.9 36.9 37.1 37.2 37.8 38.1 38.0 38.3 38.7 39.3 40.3 41.2 41.6 42.7 43.4 43.4 16,664 17,335 17,788 18,389 19,016 19,269 19,382 19,678 20,548 21,461 21,732 22,118 22,483 23, 240 23,806 24,014 24,704 25,412 26,200 27,299 28,360 29,204 30,512 31,520 32,091 16,045 16,618 16,723 17,340 18,182 18,570 18,750 18,490 19,550 20,422 20,714 20,613 21,164 21,874 22,090 22,525 23,105 23,831 24,748 25,976 26,892 27,807 29,084 29,667 29,875 1,248 1,271 1,314 1,159 1,193 1,112 1,008 1,006 1,184 1,244 1,123 990 1,033 986 902 875 878 832 814 736 680 660 643 601 598 14,797 15,347 15,409 16,182 16,990 17,459 17,744 17,486 18,367 19,177 19,591 19,623 20,131 20,887 21,187 21,651 22,227 23,000 23,934 25,240 26,212 27,147 28,441 29,066 29,277 619 717 1,065 1,049 834 698 632 1,188 998 1,039 1,018 1,504 1,320 1,366 1,717 1,488 1,598 1,581 1,452 1,324 1,468 1,397 1,428 1,853 2,217 3.7 4.1 6.0 5.7 4.4 3.6 3.3 6.0 4.9 4.8 4.7 6.8 5.9 5.9 7.2 6.2 6.5 6.2 5.5 4.8 5.2 4.8 4.7 5.9 6.9 72,180 72,289 72,398 72,504 72,613 72,705 72,820 72,930 73,043 73,156 73,267 73,381 30,881 31,143 31,270 31,332 30,974 31,572 31,810 31,615 31,523 32,201 32,318 32,076 42.8 43.1 43.2 43.2 42.7 43.4 43.7 43.3 43.2 44.0 44.1 43.7 30,843 31,105 31,230 31,293 30,934 31,533 31,771 31,575 31,483 32,162 32,278 32,035 29,372 29,489 29,579 29,722 29,393 29,295 29,736 29,562 29,333 30,139 30,106 30,175 432 448 467 553 669 867 828 693 621 623 562 447 28,940 29,041 29,112 29,169 28,724 28,528 28,908 28,869 28,712 29,516 29,544 29,728 1,471 1,616 1,651 1,571 1,541 2,137 2,035 2,013 2,150 2,021 2,173 1,860 4.8 5.2 5.3 5.0 5.0 6.8 6.4 6.4 6.8 6.3 6.7 5.8 4.9 5.1 5.6 5.6 5.8 5.5 5.8 5.9 6.2 6.3 7.0 7.1 41,299 41,146 41,128 41,172 41,639 41,133 41,009 41,315 41,519 40,955 40,949 41,305 73,490 73,585 73,700 73,810 73,918 74,026 74,136 74,240 74,356 74,472 74,579 74,690 31,754 31,821 31,723 31,562 31,564 31,864 32,078 32,146 32,275 32,749 33,072 32,975 43.2 43.2 43.0 42.8 42.7 43.0 43.3 43.3 43.4 44.0 44.3 44.1 31,714 31,781 31,682 31,521 31,524 31,823 32,038 32,106 32,235 32,709 33,031 32,935 29,552 29,575 29,515 29,469 29,583 29,306 29,616 29,712 29,819 30,530 30,796 31,024 421 422 447 585 668 797 800 700 638 649 571 474 29,131 29,153 29,068 28,885 28,915 28,508 28,816 29,012 29,181 29,881 30,225 30,550 2,162 2,206 2,167 2,052 1,941 2,518 2,422 2,394 2,416 2,179 2,235 1,911 6.8 6.9 6.8 6.5 6.2 7.9 7.6 7.5 7.5 6.7 6.8 5.8 | 7.0 6.8 7.1 7.1 7.1 6.7 6.9 7.0 6.9 6.7 6.9 7.0 I 41,736 41,763 41,977 42,248 42,354 42,162 42,058 42,093 42,082 41,724 41,508 41,715 1 N ot strictly comparable to prior years. The introduction of data from the decennial censuses into the estimation procedure in 1953 and 1962, and the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii in 1960, have resulted in 3 periods of noncomparability: (a) Beginning 1953, as a result of the 1950 census, population levels were raised b y about 600,000; labor force, total employment, and agricultural employment b y about 350.000, primarily affecting the figures for totals- and males; other categories were relatively unaffected; (b) beginning 1960, the inclusion of Alaska and Hawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in the population and about 300,000 in the labor force, U nem ployed 35,767 37,737 35,883 35,881 35,879 36,261 36,924 37,247 37,026 36,769 37,218 37,574 38,053 38,343 38,679 39,308 39,791 40,225 40,531 40,496 40,608 40,976 40,924 41,214 41,952 four-fifths of this in nonagricultural employment; other labor force categories were not appreciably affected; (c) beginning 1962, the introduction of figures from the 1960 census reduced the population b y about 50,000, labor force and employment b y about 200,000; unemployment totals were virtually u n changed. 2 Beginning with 1967, data m ay not be strictly comparable to prior years because o f basic changes in the concepts and definitions introduced in Jan u a ry 1967. 27 T A B L E 2. Employment Status of the Civilian Non institutional Population for the United States, Metropolitan A re as, and N on metropolitan A re as, 1967-71 [Persons 16 years of age and over; numbers in thousands] United States Metropolitan areas Em ploym ent status 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 129,874 69.6 77,383 74,376 3,834 70,642 3,008 3.9 62,490 132,027 69.6 78,737 76,920 3.817 72,103 2.817 3.6 63,291 134,334 60.1 80,733 77,902 3,606 74,296 2,831 3.6 63,602 136,996 60.4 82,715 78,627 3,462 75,166 4,088 4.9 64,280 139,779 60.2 84,106 79,108 3,395 75,713 4,999 116,099 59.2 68,740 66,373 3,374 63,000 2,366 3.4 47,359 117,948 59.3 69,977 67,751 3,374 64,376 2,226 3.2 47,971 119,912 59.9 71,779 69,518 3,220 66,298 2,261 3.1 48,133 122,112 13,775 62.8 8,644 14,080 62.2 8,760 8,169 442 7,727 590 6.7 5,320 14,422 62.1 8,954 8,384 386 7,997 570 6.4 5,468 14,883 61.8 9,197 8,445 368 8,077 752 1967 1968 1969 1970 86,785 60.0 51,491 49,643 624 49,020 1,848 3.6 34,294 87,476 60.6 52,972 51,016 614 60,493 1,866 89,375 60.9 64,423 51,647 611 51,036 2,776 55,673 84,466 59.9 60,705 48,707 628 48,078 1,998 3.9 33,760 3.5 34,504 34,952 90,876 60.6 55,093 51,633 590 51,043 3,460 6.3 35,783 124,460 60.1 74,782 70,705 3,067 67,638 4,077 5.5 49,678 74,822 59.5 44,526 42,998 550 42,447 1,528 3.4 30,296 75,818 59.5 45,148 43,719 546 43,173 1,428 30,670 77,120 60.2 46,388 44,931 540 44,391 1,457 3.1 30,731 78,642 60.6 47,638 45,410 545 44,865 2,228 4.7 31,004 79,743 60.4 48,175 45,424 528 44,896 2,751 5.7 31,568 15,319 60.9 9,324 8,402 328 8,074 922 9.9 5,995 9,633 64.1 6,179 5,709 78 5,631 470 7.6 3,454 9,967 63.6 6,343 5,924 78 5,846 419 10,356 63.6 6,583 6,175 74 6,101 408 10,733 63.2 6,785 6,237 6,171 548 11,133 62.1 6,917 6,208 61 6,147 709 3,623 3,773 3,948 4, 216 1971 T otal Civilian noninstitutional population.. Labor force participation rate................ Civilian labor force............................ E m ploym ent............................... Agriculture........................... Nonagricultural industries. U nem ploym ent.......................... U nem ploym ent rate.................. N ot in labor force.............................. 5.9 5.1 W hite Civilian noninstitutional population... Labor force participation rate................ Civilian labor force............................ E m ploym en t............................... Agriculture................ .......... Nonagricultural industries. U nem ploym ent......................... Unem ploym ent rate.................. N ot in labor force.............................. N egro and 60.2 73,518 70,182 3,094 67,088 3,337 4.5 48,594 O ther R aces Civilian noninstitutional p opulation.. Labor force participation rate................ Civilian labor force........................... E m ploym ent............................... Agriculture........................... Nonagricultural industries. U nem ploym ent.......................... U nem ploym ent rate.................. N ot in labor force.............................. 8,002 460 7,542 642 7.4 5,131 8.2 5,686 6.6 6.2 66 8.1 10.2 N om netropolitan areas Nonfarm 1967 Farm 1969 1970 1971 43,070 59.0 25,398 23,951 857 23,094 1,447 5.7 17,672 6,509 61.2 3,983 3,912 2,283 1,629 71 2,526 2,483 2,413 5,766 62.2 3,584 3,537 1,976 1,561 47 1.3 2,182 5,470 61.8 3,382 3,320 1,838 1,481 5,351 62.4 3,339 3,265 1,811 1,453 74 2,088 2,012 528 56.3 297 281 150 131 16 5.4 231 509 57.3 291 277 155 482 57.3 276 259 137 1967 1970 1971 T otal Civilian noninstitutional p opulation... Labor force participation rate................ Civilian labor force----------- ----------E m ploym ent......... .........._......... Agriculture......... ............. . Nonagricultural industries. U nem ploym ent........ .......... ....... Unem ploym ent rate.................. N ot in labor force.......................... 38,910 58.3 22,696 21,756 922 20,834 939 4.1 16,214 39,795 58.5 23,280 22,376 950 21,426 904 3.9 16,514 40,564 58.9 23,880 22,977 866 902 3.8 16,685 41,642 59.1 24,619 23,383 858 22,525 1,236 5.0 17,023 35,380 58.2 20,591 19,809 735 19,074 782 3.8 14,789 36,263 58.4 21,184 20,439 767 19,673 745 3.5 15,079 37,027 58.9 21,807 21,050 704 20,346 756 3.5 15,220 38,001 59.2 22,498 21,452 710 20,742 1,046 4.6 15,502 39,366 59.1 23,268 22,016 727 21,289 1,252 5.4 16,098 5,898 61.4 3,623 3,567 2,088 1,479 56 1.5 2,275 5,866 62.1 3,645 3,592 2,062 1,530 53 1.5 3,530 59.6 2,105 1,947 187 1,760 157 7.5 1,425 3,531 59.4 2,096 1,937 183 1,753 159 7.6 1,435 3,538 58.6 2,073 1,927 162 1,765 146 7.0 1,465 3,641 58.2 3,704 57.5 2,130 1,935 130 1,805 196 9.2 1,573 612 58.9 360 345 195 151 15 4.1 251 581 55.1 320 309 181 128 22,111 1.8 6,448 61.5 3,965 3,901 2,243 1,658 64 1.6 6,294 61.7 3,881 3,818 2,126 1,692 63 1.6 5,978 61.4 3,673 1,604 77 2.1 2,305 5,833 62.0 3,615 3,524 1,948 1,576 91 2.5 2,218 White Civilian noninstitutional population.. Labor force participation rate................ Civilian labor force............. ............. E m ploym ent........... ................... Agriculture_______________ Nonagricultural industries. U nem ploym ent........ ................. U nem ploym ent rate.................. N ot in labor force.......... ................... N egro an d 2,222 2.2 O ther R aces Civilian noninstitutional p opulation.. Labor force participation rate................ Civilian labor force............................ E m ploym ent............................... Agriculture........................... Nonagricultural industries. U nem ploym ent.......................... Unem ploym ent rate.................. N ot in labor force............................... Digitized28 for FRASER 2,121 1,931 147 1,783 190 8.9 1,521 11 3.6 261 122 122 14 5.0 217 6.2 17 206 T A B L E 3. Total Labor Force (Including Arm ed Forces) and Labor Force Participation Rates, by Sex and A g e , 1947-71 Sex an d year T o ta l, 16 years an d ov e r 16 an d 17 years 18 and 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years an d o v e r N u m b e r in total labor force (thousands) M a le 1947.................................. - .......................... 1948------------- ----------- -------------------------1949.............................................................. 1950................................ - ........................... 1951.................................. ............. .............. 1952.......................................... ................. 1953 *........................................................... 1954.............................................................. 1955.......................... ......... ..................— - 1956........................... - ........................... 1957........................................................ 1958........................................................ 1959............................. ..........- ............ 1960 1...................................................... 1961................................... - ................... 1962 1......................... ............................ 1963.................. ........... ........................ 1964....................................................... 1965................................... ................... 1966........................................................ 1967_______________________ _______ 1968......................................................... 1969....................................... ................. 1970........................................................ 1971____________ _______ ___________ 44,258 44,729 45,097 45,446 46,063 46,416 47,131 47,275 47,488 1,169 1,168 1,108 1,079 1,148 1,154 1,125 1,073 1,130 1,884 1,834 1,791 1,742 1,717 1,658 1,652 1,653 1,682 5,094 5,117 5,198 5,224 5,267 5,223 5,084 4,959 4,851 10,598 10,758 10,886 11,044 11,269 11,446 11,469 11,467 11,464 47,914 47,964 48,126 48,405 48,870 49,193 49,395 49,835 50,387 50,946 51,560 52.398 53,030 53,688 54,343 54,797 1,216 1,207 1,197 1,256 1,335 1,271 1,225 1,372 1,549 1,577 1,656 1,695 1,713 1,800 1,840 1,879 1,731 1,778 1,754 1,786 1,849 1,958 2,027 2,034 2,026 2,254 2,467 2,519 2,482 2,482 2,555 2,610 4,814 4,781 4,849 4,987 5,089 5,187 5,272 5,471 5,704 5,926 6,139 6,546 6,788 7,088 7,378 7,608 63,225 53,481 53,737 53,899 53,995 55,657 56,144 55,633 54,133 54,054 54,068 54,089 1,522 1,548 1,605 1,670 1,705 2,373 2,629 2,322 1,680 1,662 1,648 1,711 2,371 2,386 2,416 2,368 2,430 2,931 3,084 2,932 2,432 2,412 2,449 2,449 53,873 53,832 53,875 54,218 54,390 55,920 56,730 56,307 54,60^ 54,604 54,643 54,566 1,606 1,608 1,575 1,729 1,761 2,268 2,702 2,394 1,695 1,731 1,762 1,719 16,683 17,351 17,806 18,412 19,054 19,314 19,429 19, 718 20,584 21,495 21, 765 22,149 22,516 23,272 23,838 24,047 24, 736 25,443 26,232 27,333 28. 395 29,242 30,551 31,560 32,132 643 671 648 611 663 706 656 620 641 736 716 685 765 805 774 741 850 950 954 1,054 1,076 1,130 1,240 1,324 1,331 9,603 9,723 9,860 9,952 10,056 10,189 10,669 10,748 7,882 7,975 8,043 8,152 8,254 8,374 8,612 8,743 11,359 11,247 11,108 10,981 10.930 10,880 10,720 10,635 10,636 10,653 10,761 11,001 11,376 11,706 11,974 12,271 10,833 10,926 11,046 11,161 11,235 11,340 11,403 11,542 11,589 11,559 11,504 11,395 11,282 11,122 10,946 10,818 10,675 5,650 5,770 5,755 5,800 5,882 5,957 5,979 6,110 8,877 9,044 9,201 9,369 9,488 9,634 9,741 9,803 9,923 10,043 10,131 10,202 10,295 10,364 10,432 10,487 10,517 6,125 6,224 6,227 6,308 6,350 6,405 6,535 6,565 6,679 6,745 6,768 6,852 6,944 7,030 7,062 7,127 7,149 2,526 2,604 2,477 2,379 2,321 2,287 2,220 2,241 2,135 2,123 2,131 2,089 2,118 2,154 2,170 2,164 2,089 7,032 7,084 7,106 7,166 7,196 7,665 7,858 7,802 7,471 7,360 7,397 7,402 11,805 11,875 11,898 11,910 11,903 11,980 12,002 12,052 12,045 12,047 12,082 12,087 10,846 10,865 10,874 10,884 10,856 10,846 10,794 10,776 10,764 10,794 10,761 10,754 10,456 10,455 10,502 10,483 10,484 10,501 10,494 10,483 10,485 10,489 10,500 10,510 7,097 7,116 7,146 7,175 7,170 7,162 7,117 7,106 7,109 7,107 7,116 7,108 2,097 2,152 2,191 2,242 2,251 2,200 2,164 2,161 2,148 2,183 2,116 2,067 2,377 2,371 2,364 2,397 2,446 2,996 3,215 3,059 2,471 2,519 2,542 2,564 7,385 7,342 7,366 7,434 7,470 7,913 8,052 8,048 7,612 7,560 7, 525 7,590 12,075 12,145 12,124 12,120 12,143 12,216 12,322 12,360 12,379 12,396 12,465 12,502 10,725 10,713 10,694 10,688 10,669 10,678 10,683 10,647 10,661 10,676 10,654 10,609 10,507 10,534 10,543 10,550 10,534 10,547 10,499 10,514 10,522 10,481 10,475 10,499 7,157 7,133 7,175 7,173 7,191 7,148 7,147 7,158 7,127 7,127 7,163 7,091 2, Oil 1,986 2,035 2,127 2,175 2,155 2, 111 2,128 2,141 2,114 2,058 1,992 1,192 1,164 1,165 1,103 1,100 1,052 1,057 1,068 1,088 1,132 1,150 1,153 1,137 1,257 1,374 1,411 1,388 1,371 1,565 1,826 1,821 1,818 1,869 1,926 1,970 2,725 2,721 2,662 2,681 2,670 2,519 2,447 2,441 2,458 2,467 2,453 2,510 2,484 2,590 2,708 2,814 2,970 3,220 3,375 3,601 3.981 4,251 4,615 4,893 5,090 3,750 3,940 4,006 4,101 4,305 4,335 4,175 4,224 4,261 4,285 4,263 4,201 4,096 4,140 4,151 4, 111 4,181 4,187 4,336 4,516 4,853 5,104 5,401 5,704 5,939 3,676 3,804 3,993 4,166 4,307 4,444 4,668 4,715 4,808 5,036 5,121 5,190 5,232 5,308 5,394 5,479 5,604 5,618 5,724 5,761 5.847 5,869 5,905 5,971 5,957 2,730 2,973 3,100 3,328 3,535 3,637 3,682 3,824 4,155 4,407 4,618 4,862 5,083 5,280 5,405 5,383 5,505 5,682 5,714 5,885 5,986 6,132 6,388 6,533 6,571 1,522 1,565 1,678 1,839 1,923 2,032 2,048 2,164 2,391 2,610 2,631 2, 727 2,883 2,986 3,105 3,198 3,332 3,447 3,587 3,727 3,855 3,938 4,077 4,153 4,216 2,376 2,385 2,454 2,453 2,469 2,415 2,544 2,525 1970 January................................................. February.............................................. March................................................... A p ril..................................................... M ay..................................................... . J u n e........................................... .......... J u l y ..................................... ............... A ugust_____ ______________________ September............................................ October................................................. N ovem ber............. ............................. December............................................ 1971 J a n u a r y ................ ............................ February_______ ________ ____ ___ March............ .......................... ............ A p ril.............................. ....... ............... M a y___________ __________________ June.............................. ............ .......... J u l y . . . ____ ______________________ A ugust___________________________ September______ __________________ October__________ _________________ N o v e m b e r .......................................... Decem ber....................... ............ ........ F em ale 1947........................................................ 1948......................................... .............. 1949......................... ....................... . 1950................................................ . 1951......................................................... 1952__________ _____________________ 19531____ __________________________ 1954...................................... ................. 1955....................................................... 1956........................................................ 1957........................................ ............... 1958......................................................... 1959...................................... ................. 1960 1.................................................... 1961......................................................... 1962 1...................................................... 1963................................. ...................... 1964........................................................ 1965......................................................... 1 9 6 6 ..................................................... 1967......................................................... 1968......................................................... 1969......................................................... 1970......................................................... 1 9 7 1 ..._______ ____________________ See fo o tn o te s 445 514 556 584 551 590 693 666 780 821 813 822 836 907 926 911 905 966 976 963 978 999 1,056 1,056 1,057 a t end o f table. 29 T A B L E 3. Total Labor Force (Including Arm ed Forces) and Labor Force Participation Rates, by Sex and A g e , 1947-71 — Continued Sex and year Total, 16 years and over 16 and 17 years 18 and 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over N um ber in total labor force (thousands) F e m ale —Continued 1970 January.................................................. F ebruary............................................... March..................................................... A p ril. .................................................... M a y ....................................................... June........................................................ J u l y ....................................................... A ugust................................................... September............................................. October.................................................. N ovem ber............................................. December.............................................. 30,881 31,143 31,270 31,332 30,974 31,572 31,810 31,615 31,523 32,201 32,318 32,076 1,120 1,185 1,167 1,159 1,151 1,562 1,763 1,670 1,268 1,313 1,291 1,237 1,788 1,764 1,725 1,762 1,759 2,154 2,287 2,223 1,914 1,917 1,939 1,879 4,772 4,801 4,790 4,768 4,742 4,875 4,980 4,998 4,929 5,033 5,013 5,013 5,632 5,707 5,742 5,809 5,683 5,545 5,525 5,515 5,630 5,831 5,949 5,882 6,027 6,038 6,017 6,056 5,982 5,824 5,746 5,722 5,962 6,097 6,100 6,077 6,485 6,449 6,517 6,512 6,480 6,432 6,393 6,431 6,600 6,720 6,712 6,663 4,038 4,137 4,198 4,190 4,142 4,140 4,101 4,051 4,162 4,235 4,230 4,217 1,019 1,062 1,114 1,075 1,036 1,040 1,016 1,005 1,059 1,055 1,083 1,109 1971 January................................................. February........................................... . March .................................................... A p ril...................................................... M a y ...................................................... June....................................................... J u ly ........................................................ A ugust.................................................. September............................................ October................................................. N ovem ber............................................ December............................................. 31,754 31,821 31,723 31,562 31,564 31,864 32,078 32,146 32,275 32,749 33,072 32,975 1,116 1,150 1,204 1,156 1,182 1,501 1,799 1,653 1,249 1,280 1,343 1,342 1,824 1,837 1,777 1,802 1,784 2,188 2,396 2,308 1,918 1,899 1,934 1,974 4,954 4,952 4,935 4,927 4,940 5,059 5,227 5,264 5,190 5,208 5,215 5,216 5,894 5,909 5,940 5,842 5,889 5,694 5,555 5,649 6,065 6,229 6,307 6, 299 6,072 6,107 6,005 5,978 5,957 5,796 5,688 5,749 5,947 6,046 6,088 6,052 6,557 6,552 6,520 6,553 6,583 6,458 6,381 6,463 6,645 6,721 6,753 6,663 4,249 4,274 4,294 4,246 4,176 4,146 3,996 4,043 4,214 4,300 4,347 4,302 1,088 1,041 1,048 1,057 1,054 1,022 1,036 1,018 1,047 1,067 1,083 1,128 Labor force participation rate * M ale 1947......................................................... 1 94 8 ...................................................... 1949......................................................... 1950.— .................................................. 1 95 1 .................................................... . 1952......................................................... 1953......................................................... 1954......................................................... 1955......................................................... 1950......................................................... 1957......................................................... 1958......................................................... 1959......................................................... 1960....................................................... . 1961....................................................... . 1962......................................................... 1963....................................................... . 1964......................................................... 1965......................................................... 1966......................................................... 1967_______________________________ 1968......................................................... 1969......................................................... 1970..................................................... 1971.................................................... 86.8 87.0 86.9 86.8 87.3 87.2 86.9 86.4 86.2 86.3 85.5 85.0 84.5 84.0 83.6 82.8 82.2 81.9 81.5 81.4 81.5 81.2 80.9 80.6 80.0 52.2 53.4 52.3 52.0 54.5 53.1 51.7 48.3 49.5 52.6 51.1 47.9 46.0 46.8 45.4 43.5 42.7 43.6 44.6 47.0 47.5 46.8 47.7 47.5 47.3 80.5 79.9 79.5 79.0 80.3 79.1 78.5 76.5 77.1 77.9 77.7 75.7 75.5 73.6 71.3 71.9 73.1 72.0 70.0 69.0 70.9 70.2 69.6 69.9 69.3 84.9 85.7 87.8 89.1 91.1 92.1 92.2 91.5 90.8 90.8 89.8 89.5 90.1 90.2 89.8 89.1 88.3 88.2 88.0 87.9 87.5 86.5 86.6 86.6 85.7 95.8 96.1 95.9 96.2 97.1 97.7 97.6 97.5 97.7 97.4 97.3 97.3 97.5 97.7 97.6 97.4 97.3 97.5 97.4 97.5 97.4 97.1 96.9 96.6 96.2 98.0 98.0 98.0 97.6 97.6 97.9 98.2 98.1 98.1 98.0 97.9 98.0 97.8 97.7 97.7 97.7 97.6 97.4 97.4 97.3 97.4 97.2 97.0 97.0 96.6 95.5 95.8 95.6 95.8 96.0 96.2 96.6 96.5 96.5 96.6 96.4 96.3 96.0 95.8 95.6 95.6 95.8 95.8 95.6 95.3 95.2 94.9 94.6 94.3 93.9 89.6 89.5 87.5 86.9 87.2 87.5 87.9 88.7 87.9 88.5 87.5 87.8 87.4 86.8 87.3 86.2 86.2 85.6 84.7 84.5 84.4 84.3 83.4 83.0 82.2 47.8 46.8 46.9 45.8 44.9 42.6 41.6 40.5 39.6 40.0 37.5 35.6 34.2 33.1 31.7 30.3 28.4 28.0 27.9 27.0 27.7 27.3 27.2 26.8 25.5 1970 January................................................. February......................................... . March..................................................... A pril....................................................... M a y........................................................ June........................................................ J u ly........................................................ A ugust................................................... September............................................ October.................................................. N ovem ber............................................. December.............................................. 79.5 79.8 80.1 80.2 80.3 82.7 83.3 82.4 80.0 79.8 79.7 79.6 39.8 40.3 41.7 43.3 44.1 61.3 67.7 59.7 43.1 42.5 42.1 43.6 65.7 66.0 66.7 65.2 66.8 80.3 84.3 79.9 66.1 65.4 66.3 66.1 84.2 84.5 84.5 84.9 85.0 90.2 92.1 91.1 86.9 85.3 85.4 85.1 96.4 96.7 96.7 96.6 96.3 96.8 96.7 96.9 96.6 96.5 96.5 96.4 96.7 97.0 97.2 97.3 97.2 97.2 96.8 96.7 96.7 97.0 96.8 96.8 94.3 94.2 94.6 94.4 94.3 94.4 94.3 94.2 94.1 94.1 94.1 94.2 83.1 83.2 83.4 83.7 83.6 83.5 82.8 82.6 82.5 82.4 82.4 82.3 26.1 26.7 27.2 27.8 27.9 27.2 26.8 26.7 26.5 26.9 26.0 25.4 1971 January................................................. February.............................................. M arch.................................................... A p ril..................... ............................... M a y....................................................... June....................................................... J u ly............................ .......................... A ugust........................................... ....... September............................................ October................................................. N ovem ber............................................ December............................................ 79.2 79.1 79.0 79.4 79.6 81.7 82.8 82.0 79.4 79.3 79.3 79.0 40.9 40.8 39.9 43.7 44.5 57.1 67.9 60.1 42.5 43.3 44.0 42.9 64.0 63.6 63.3 64.0 65.1 79.6 85.2 80.8 65.1 66.3 66.7 67.1 84.5 83.7 83.7 84.1 84.2 88.9 90.1 90.0 85.2 84.6 84.2 85.0 96.1 96.4 96.1 95.8 95.8 96.2 96.8 96.6 96.3 95.9 96.0 95.8 96.7 96.6 96.5 96.6 96.5 96.6 96.8 96.5 96.7 96.9 96.8 96.4 94.1 94,3 94.3 94.4 94.2 94.2 93.7 93.8 93.9 93.4 93.4 93.5 82.7 82.4 82.8 82.7 82.8 82.2 82.1 82.2 81.7 81.6 81.9 81.0 25.1 24.4 24.9 26.0 26.6 26.3 25.8 25.9 26.1 25.7 25.0 24.2 See footnotes at end of table. 30 T A B L E 3. Total Labor Force (Including Armed Forces) and Labor Force Participation Rates, by Sex and A g e , 1 94 7 -7 1 — Continued Sex and year Total, 16 years and over 16 and 17 years 18 and 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over Labor force participation rate2 F emale 1947......................................................... 1948......................................................... 1949............................................ ........... 1950......................................................... 1951........................................................ 1952......................................................... 1953............................................ ............ 1954......................................................... 1955........................................................ 1956......................................................... 1957....................................................... . 1958......................................................... 1959......................................................... 1960................................................... . 1961......................................................... 1962......................................................... 1963......................................................... 1964........................................................ 1965......................................................... 1966......................................................... 1967_______________________________ 1968......................................................... 1969......................................................... 1970........................................................ 1971................................. ...................... 31.8 32.7 33.2 33.9 34.7 34.8 34.5 34.6 35.7 36.9 36.9 37.1 37.2 37.8 38.1 38.0 38.3 38.7 39.3 40.3 41.1 41.6 42.7 43.4 43.4 29.5 31.4 31.2 30.1 32.2 33.4 31.0 28.7 28.9 32.8 31.1 28.1 28.8 29.1 28.5 27.1 27.1 27.4 27.7 30.7 31.0 31.7 33.7 34.9 34.3 52.3 52.1 53.0 51.3 52.7 51.4 50.8 50.5 51.0 52.1 51.5 51.0 49.1 51.1 51.1 50.9 50.6 49.3 49.4 52.1 52.3 52.5 53.5 53.7 53.2 44.9 45.3 45.0 46.1 46.6 44.8 44.5 45.3 46.0 46.4 46.0 46.4 45.2 46.2 47.1 47.4 47.6 49.5 50.0 51.5 53.4 54.6 56.8 57.8 57.8 32.0 33.2 33.5 34.0 35.4 35.5 34.1 34.5 34.9 35.4 35.6 35.6 35.4 36.0 36.4 36.4 37.2 37.3 38.6 39.9 41.9 42.6 43.8 45.0 45.5 36.3 36.9 38.1 39.1 39.8 40.5 41.3 41.3 41.6 43.1 43.3 43.4 43.4 43.5 43.8 44.1 44.9 45.0 46.1 46.9 48.1 48.9 49.9 51.1 51.6 32.7 35.0 35.9 38.0 39.7 40.1 40.4 41.2 43.8 45.5 46.5 47.9 49.0 49.8 50.1 50.0 50.6 51.4 50.9 51.7 51.8 52.3 53.8 54.4 54.3 24.3 24.3 25.3 27.0 27.6 28.7 29.1 30.1 32.5 34.9 34.5 35.2 36.6 37.2 37.9 38.7 39.7 40.2 41.1 41.8 42.4 42.4 43.1 43.0 42.9 8.1 9.1 9.6 9.7 8.9 9.1 10.0 9.3 10.6 10.9 10.5 10.3 10.2 10.8 10.7 9.9 9.6 10.1 10.0 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.9 9.7 9.5 1970 January_________ _________________ February...... ....................................... March............ .............................. ....... A p ril...................................................... M ay.......... .............................. .............. June..................................................... J u ly......................... ............ .................. A ugust................................................... September..................................... ....... October................................................ . N ovem ber..................................... ....... D ecem ber.................. ................. ......... 42.8 43.1 43.2 43.2 42.7 43.4 43.7 43.3 43.2 44.0 44.1 43.7 29.9 31.6 31.0 30.7 30.4 41.2 46.4 43.9 33.2 34.3 33.7 32.2 50.5 49.7 48.5 49.5 49.3 60.2 63.7 61.8 53.0 53.0 53.4 51.7 57.4 57.6 57.2 56.8 56.3 57.7 58.7 58.7 57.7 58.7 58.2 58.0 45.0 45.5 45.6 46.1 45.0 43.8 43.5 43.4 44.2 45.7 46.5 45.9 51.3 51.5 51.3 51.7 51.1 49.8 49.2 49.1 51.2 52.4 52.4 52.3 54.3 53.9 54.4 54.3 54.0 63.6 53.2 53.5 54.9 55.8 55.7 55.3 42.2 43.2 43.7 43.6 43.0 42.9 42.5 41.9 43.0 43.7 43.5 43.3 9.4 9.8 10.3 9.9 9.5 9.3 9.3 9.2 9.7 9.6 9.8 10.1 1971 January....................... ........................ February.............................................. March.................................................... A p ril...................................................... M ay........................................................ June...................................................... J u l y . . . .................................................. A ugust.................................................. September............... ........................... October............................... ................. N ovem ber..................... ...................... December.................... ........................ 43.2 43.2 43.0 42.8 42.7 43.0 43.3 43.3 43.4 44.0 44.3 44.1 29.0 29.8 31.2 29.9 30.5 38.7 46.3 42.4 32.0 32.8 34.4 34.3 50.0 50.2 48.5 49.0 48.4 59.2 64.6 62.1 51.4 50.8 51.6 52.6 57.1 56.9 56.4 56.1 56.1 57.2 58.9 48.6 58.5 58.7 58.8 58.9 45.9 45.9 46.0 45.2 45.5 43.9 42.7 43.2 46.2 47.2 47.5 47.3 52.3 52.7 51.8 51.6 51.5 50.2 49.3 49.8 51.6 52.5 52.9 52.6 54.3 54.3 54.0 54.2 54.4 53.3 52.7 53.3 54.8 55.4 55.6 54.8 43.6 43.8 43.9 43.4 42.6 42.2 40.6 41.1 42.7 43.6 44.0 43.5 9.9 9.4 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.2 9.3 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.6 10.0 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Percent o f noninstitutional population in the labor force. T A B L E 4. Civilian Labor Force, by Sex, Color, and A g e , 1947-71 1 fin thousands] Item Total, 16 years and over 16 and 17 years 18 and 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over M ale 1947_______________________________ 1948____ ___________________________ 1949......................................................... 1950____ ___________________________ 1951_____________ __________________ 1952___________________ ____________ 1953 *___________________________ 1954_________________ ______________ 1955______ _________________________ 1956_______________________________ 1957__________________ _____________ 1958_______________________________ 1959_______________________________ 1960 *______________________________ 1961_______________________________ 1962 2_____________________________ 1963_______________________________ 1964_______________________________ 1965________ _______________________ 1966_______________________________ 1967...................................................... 1968.................................................. 1969....................................................... 1 97 0 .......................... ....................... 197 1 ...._____ ______________________ 42,686 43,286 43.498 43,819 43,001 42,869 43,633 43.965 44,475 45.091 45,197 45, 521 45,886 46.388 46.653 46,600 47.129 47.679 48,255 48,471 48. 987 49,533 50,221 51,195 52,021 1,106 1,109 1,056 1,047 1,080 1,101 1,070 1,024 1,070 1,142 1,127 1,133 1,207 1,290 1,210 1,177 1.321 1,498 1,531 1,610 1, 658 1,687 1,770 1,808 1,850 1,382 1,491 1,421 1,457 1,266 1,210 1,249 1,273 1,299 1,292 1,290 1,295 1,391 1,496 1,583 1,592 1,586 1,576 1,866 2,074 1. 976 1,994 2,101 2,197 2,311 4.629 4,674 4,681 4.632 3,935 3,338 3,054 3,052 3.221 3,485 3,626 3,771 3,940 4,123 4.255 4,279 4.514 4.754 4,894 4,820 5,043 5,070 5,282 5,709 6,194 10.207 10,327 10,410 10.527 10.375 10,585 10. 737 10,772 10.805 10,685 10.571 10,475 10.346 10.252 10,176 9,921 9,875 9,875 9,902 9,948 10.207 10,610 10,940 11, 311 11,653 9,492 9,596 9,722 9.793 9,798 9,945 10.436 10,513 10,595 10,663 10,731 10,843 10,899 10.967 11,012 11,115 11,187 11,155 11,121 10,983 10. 860 10,725 10,556 10,464 10,322 7,847 7,942 8,008 8,117 8,204 8,326 8,570 8,703 8.839 9,002 9,153 9,320 9.437 9.574 9,667 9.715 9.836 9.956 10,045 10.100 10.189 10,267 10,343 10,417 10,457 5.647 5,764 5,748 5,794 5.874 5,950 5,974 6,105 6,122 6,220 6,222 6,304 6,345 6,400 6,530 6,560 6.674 6,740 6,763 6,847 6, 938 7,025 7,058 7,124 7,146 2,376 2,384 2,454 2,454 2,469 2,415 2,544 2,525 2,526 2,603 2,478 2,379 2,322 2,287 2,220 2,241 2,135 2,123 2,131 2,089 2,118 2,150 2,174 2,164 2,089 1970 January........................... ..................... February________ _________________ March_________________ ________ _ A p ril.......... ............ .......... .................... M a v____ _________________________ June______ _______________________ J u ly .......... ............... ............................ A u g u s t._______ __________________ September________ ________________ O cto b e r................. ..................... ......... N ovem ber_____ __________________ D ecem ber................................... ........ 49,877 50,178 50,460 50, 667 50, 807 52,518 53,030 52,540 51,065 51,015 51,069 51,117 1,480 1, 507 1, 571 1,643 1,677 2,346 2,603 2,296 1, 649 1,631 1,618 1,679 1,974 1, 995 2,033 1,997 2,063 2,570 2, 727 2,592 2,092 2,075 2,116 2,136 5, 278 5, 354 5, 367 5,429 5,482 5,978 6,184 6,146 5,860 5, 763 5,822 5,843 11,094 11,173 11, 211 11, 241 11, 244 11, 330 11, 358 11,401 11, 391 11, 399 11,443 11,447 10,480 10,504 10,517 10,532 10,510 10,504 10,455 10,427 10,403 10,437 10,409 10, 393 10, 379 10,379 10,429 10,413 10,414 10,433 10,426 10,415 10,418 10,423 10,434 10,447 7,093 7,113 7,142 7,171 7,167 7,158 7,113 7,102 7,105 7,104 7,112 7,104 2,097 2,152 2,191 2, 242 2,251 2,200 2,164 2,161 2,148 2,183 2,116 2,067 1971 January__________________________ February______ __________________ M arch____________________________ A p ril_____________________________ M a y______________________________ June_______ ______________________ J u ly................................... ................... August___________________________ September________________________ October___________________________ N ovem ber________________________ December _. . . . _____ . _ . . . 50,938 50,922 50,987 51,376 51, 580 53,145 53,973 53,572 51,900 51,926 51,988 51,948 1,575 1,577 1,549 1,703 1,736 2,239 2,672 2,365 1,667 1,702 1,728 1,686 2,067 2,064 2,070 2,109 2,161 2,686 2,908 2,753 2,168 2,221 2,247 2, 272 5,844 5,815 5,864 5,957 6,009 6, 520 6,668 6, 675 6,252 6, 215 6, 214 6,298 11,443 11,519 11,486 11,492 11,522 11, 593 11,703 11, 747 11,771 11, 795 11, 858 11, 904 10,369 10,360 10,330 10,330 10,315 10,321 10,328 10,295 10,313 10,332 10,306 10, 266 10,444 10,472 10,481 10,489 10,473 10,487 10,439 10,455 10,463 10,422 10, 417 10,443 7,153 7,129 7,171 7,170 7,188 7,144 7,143 7,155 7,124 7,123 7,160 7,087 2,041 1,986 2,035 2,127 2,175 2,155 2,111 2,128 2,141 2,114 2,058 1,992 F emale 1947____ __________________________ 1948_______________________________ 1949______ _____ __________________ 1950_______________________________ 1951_______________________________ 1952____ __________________________ 1953 2_____________________________ 1954_______________________________ 1955_______________________________ 1956____ __________________________ 1957_______________________________ 1958_______________________________ 1959________________ ____ __________ 1960 2_______________ _____________ 1961_______________________________ 1962 2_____________________________ 1963_____ ________________ ________ 1964_______________________ ________ 1965_________________________ _____ 1966____ __________________ ______ _ 1967......... ....................................... 1968........................................................ 1969......................................................... 1970....................................................... 1 9 7 1 ..____ ___________ ___________ 16,664 17,335 17,788 18.389 19, 016 19,269 19,382 19,678 20, 548 21, 461 21,732 22,118 22,483 23.240 23.806 24, 014 24, 704 25, 412 26, 200 27,299 28, 360 29,204 30, 512 31,520 32, 091 643 671 648 611 662 706 656 620 641 736 716 685 765 805 774 742 850 950 954 1,054 1,076 1,130 1,240 1, 324 1,331 1,192 1,164 1,163 1,101 1,095 1,046 1,050 1, 062 1,083 1,127 1,144 1,147 1,131 1,250 1,368 1,405 1,381 1,364 1,559 1,819 1, 811 1,808 1,860 1,917 1,961 2, 716 2. 719 2,659 2, 675 2.659 2, 502 2,428 2,424 2,445 2,455 2,442 2, 500 2,473 2,580 2,697 2,802 2,959 3,210 3,364 3, 589 3, 967 4,235 4,597 4,874 5,071 3, 740 3,932 3,997 4,092 4, 292 4,320 4,162 4,212 4,251 4. 276 4,255 4,193 4,089 4,131 4,143 4,103 4,174 4,180 4,329 4, 508 4. 848 5,098 5,395 5, 698 5,933 3,676 3,800 3,989 4,161 4,301 4, 438 4,662 4, 709 4,805 5, 031 5,116 5,185 5,227 5,303 5,389 5,474 5,600 5,614 5, 720 5, 756 5. 844 5,865 5,901 5,967 5,954 2, 731 2.972 3,099 3,327 3,534 3,636 3, 680 3,822 4,154 4,405 4,615 4,859 5,081 5,278 5,403 5,381 5,503 5,680 5,712 5,883 5, 984 6,131 6,386 6,531 6,569 1, 522 1,565 1,678 1,839 1,923 2.032 2,048 2,164 2,391 2, 610 2,631 2, 727 2,883 2,986 3,105 3,198 3,332 3.447 3,587 3,727 3, 855 3,938 4,077 4,153 4,215 445 514 556 584 551 590 693 666 780 821 813 822 836 907 926 911 905 966 976 963 978 999 1,056 1,056 1,057 See fo o t n o t e s a t end o f table. 32 T A B L E 4. Civilian Labor Force, by Sex, Color, and A g e , 1 9 4 7 -7 1 1— Continued [In thousands] Item Total, 16 years and over 16 and 17 years 18 and 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over F em ale —Continued 1970 J a n u a ry ...._______________________ February___ ______________________ March___________________ _________ A pril.......... ............ ............. ........... M ay___________ _______________ . June_________________________ ___ J uly.................................... .................. A ugust___________________________ September____ ____________________ October____ _______________________ N ovem ber_____ ___________________ December_________________________ 30,843 31,105 31, 230 31,293 30,934 31,533 31, 771 31, 575 31,483 32,161 32, 278 32,035 1,120 1,185 1,167 1,159 1,151 1, 562 1,763 1,670 1,268 1,313 1,291 1, 237 1, 778 1, 754 1, 716 1, 753 1,749 2,145 2,278 2, 214 1,905 1,908 1, 931 1,870 4,755 4,783 4,771 4,750 4,724 4,856 4, 962 4, 979 4,910 5, 014 4, 995 4, 994 5,625 5, 700 5,735 5,803 5,676 5,538 5, 518 5,508 5,623 5,824 5,943 5,875 6,024 6,035 6,014 6,053 5,978 5, 821 5,743 5,718 5,959 6,093 6,096 6,073 6,484 6,448 6, 515 6, 511 6,479 6,430 6,391 6, 429 6,598 6,718 6, 710 6,661 4,038 4,137 4,198 4,190 4,141 4,140 4,100 4, 051 4,161 4, 235 4,230 4, 216 1,019 1,062 1,114 1,075 1,036 1,040 1,016 1,005 1,059 1,055 1,083 1,109 1971 January______________ _________ F ebruary_____________ . . M arch.......... . . . . A p r i l . . . _____ ______________ M a y .......................... . J u n e ....................................... . . J u ly .......... ............. ............ .................. A ugust........................................... September...................... ..................... October........................ N ovem ber................................. D ecem ber. ...................... ................... 31,714 31,781 31,682 31,521 31,524 31,823 32,038 32,106 32,235 32,709 33,031 32,935 1,116 1,150 1,204 1,156 1,182 1,501 1,799 1,653 1,249 1,280 1,343 1,342 1,815 1,828 1,768 1,793 1,775 2,179 2,387 2,299 1,909 1,890 1,925 1,965 4,935 4,933 4,915 4,907 4,921 5,039 5,207 5,244 5,170 5,189 5,195 5,196 5,887 5,903 5,933 5,835 5,883 5,688 5,548 5,642 6,059 6,223 6,300 6,292 6,068 6,103 6, 001 5,975 5,953 5,793 5,685 5,746 5,944 6,042 6,085 6,049 6,555 6,550 6,519 6,551 6,581 6,457 6,380 6,462 6,643 6,719 6, 752 6,661 4,249 4,274 4,294 4,246 4,176 4,146 3,996 4,043 4,214 4,300 4,347 4,302 1,088 1,041 1,048 1,057 1,054 1,022 1,036 1,018 1,047 1,067 1,083 1,128 39, 760 40.196 40, 734 40,821 895 934 1,003 992 1, 094 1,121 1,111 1,115 2, 656 2,802 3,034 3,153 9,695 9, 720 9,594 9,483 9,516 9, 598 9, 662 9, 719 7,914 8,027 8,175 8,317 5. 654 5,653 5,736 5,735 2,338 2, 342 2, 417 2,308 1959............................................................... I9602........................................................... 1961____________________ 19622_________ ______________________ 1963............... ................. ..................... . 1964_____________ _______________ 1965__________ _______________________ 1966...................................... .............. 1967__________ __________________ 1968........................................................... 1969................................................................... 1970_____________ ______________________ 1971____________________ _______________ 41, 080 41, 397 41. 742 41.986 41,931 42. 404 42,893 43,400 43. 572 44.042 44,554 45,185 46, 013 46, 801 1,001 1,077 1,140 1,067 1,041 1,183 1,345 1,359 1.423 1,464 1,504 1,583 1,628 1,675 1,116 1,202 1,293 1,372 1,391 1,380 1,371 1,639 1.831 1,727 1,732 1,830 1, 922 2,038 3,278 3, 408 3, 559 3. 681 3,726 3,955 4,166 4, 279 4. 200 4.416 4,432 4,615 4 , 983 5 , 422 9,386 9, 261 9,153 9, 072 8,846 8,805 8,800 8,823 8. 859 9,101 9,477 9,773 10,088 10,390 9,822 9.876 9,919 9,961 10,029 10,079 10, 055 10,023 9. 892 9,784 9,661 9,509 9 , 413 9,286 8, 465 8, 581 8, 689 8, 776 8,820 8,944 9,053 9,129 9.189 9,260 9,340 9,413 9,488 9, 530 5,800 5,833 5,861 5,988 5,995 6,090 6,160 6.188 6,250 6,349 6,427 6,467 6 , 515 6, 542 2. 213 2,158 2.129 2,068 2.082 1,967 1.943 1,958 1.928 1,943 1,980 1,995 1, 977 1,918 1970 ' January ________ ___________________ February________________________ M arch___________________ _______ _ A p ril ________ ______________________ M a y____ ________ __________________ June _______ _______________________ J u ly ............................ ............. ............. A u g u s t .. . ______ __________________ September_______________________ October......................... .................. ........ N ovem ber ______ _________ __________ December________________________ 44,830 45,122 45 392 45, 575 45, 684 47,145 47, 596 47,145 45,908 45, 868 45, 934 45, 960 1, 333 1,354 1,431 1,497 1, 538 2,074 2,316 2,022 1, 504 1,478 1,467 1, 518 1, 717 1,732 1,758 1,719 1,808 2,246 2, 391 2, 278 1,843 1,823 1, 871 1, 878 4 , 590 4 , 672 4,666 4,730 4 , 763 5,231 5,405 5, 379 5,121 5,043 5,097 5,102 9, 890 9, 974 10, 010 10, 033 10, 034 10,104 10,122 10,154 10, 159 10,170 10,199 10, 209 9,430 9,447 9, 457 9,476 9, 452 9,447 9,399 9,380 9,357 9,384 9,367 9, 355 9,457 9,452 9,510 9, 494 9, 490 9, 515 9, 495 9, 482 9,471 9,482 9, 497 9, 510 6,501 6 , 511 6, 545 6, 571 6, 566 6, 545 6, 516 6,488 6, 479 6 , 474 6,489 6,495 1,912 1, 979 2, 014 2,055 2,033 1,984 1,952 1,963 1,974 2,014 1,946 1,893 1971 January........................................... February_____________________ . M arch________________ ______ . A p ril_________________ ______ . M a y . _____ _______________________ June_____________________________ J uly_____________________________ August _________________________ September____________________ . October_________________ ________ N ovem ber_______________________ Decem ber_______________________ 45 , 826 45,831 45,863 46,237 46,442 47,801 48,498 48,148 46,695 46,673 46,777 46, 824 1,427 1, 42? 1,409 1,550 1,587 2,016 2 , 35* 2,107 1,546 1,560 1,577 1,546 1,837 1,828 1,819 1,869 1,919 2,374 2,562 2,410 1,906 1,939 1,982 2 , 012 5,111 5,098 5,114 5,192 5,258 5,716 5 , 858 5,838 5 , 468 5,440 5,437 5, 536 10,197 10,269 10,251 10,250 10, 274 10,339 10,428 10,484 10,492 10,505 10, 564 10,629 9,324 9,330 9 , 29 ^ 9 , 30° 9,283 9,272 9, 270 9,257 9,273 9,285 9 , 277 9 , 253 9 , 520 9, 547 9, 554 9,565 9 , 543 9 , 555 9 , 528 9 , 524 9 , 528 9,486 9 , 492 9 , 524 6,545 6 , 525 6, 565 6 , 564 6,593 6,549 6, 546 6,562 6,510 6 , 505 6 , 545 6,492 1,865 1,813 1,855 1,944 1,985 1,975 1,951 1,968 1,972 1,954 1,904 1,832 W h ite Male 1954_________ _____________________ 1955_________ ______________________ 1956_______ ________ ______________ 1957_________ _____________________ 1958.......... ................... See footnotes at end of table. 33 4. Civilian Labor Force, by Sex, Color, and A g e , 1947-71 1— Continued [In thousands] Total, 16 years and over 16 and 17 years 18 and 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 17,057 17,886 18,693 18,920 19,213 19,556 20,171 20,668 20,819 21, 426 22,028 22,736 23,702 24,657 25,424 26, 594 27, 505 27,989 552 576 654 645 614 698 731 700 668 767 867 862 944 967 1,015 1,115 1,194 1,210 960 966 1,003 1,022 1.028 1,023 1,112 1,222 1,254 1,228 1,201 1, 405 1,630 1,591 1,588 1,640 1,695 1,749 2,098 2,137 2,158 2,131 2,172 2.135 2,228 2,345 2,438 2,582 2,786 2,910 3,123 3.470 3,677 3,999 4,246 4,422 3,532 3, 546 3, 559 3, 561 3,498 3,409 3, 441 3,431 3,372 3,424 3, 435 3,568 3, 732 4,021 4,263 4,516 4,790 4,968 4,025 4,131 4,340 4,397 4,435 4,479 4,531 4,596 4,666 4,780 4,797 4,876 4,894 4,980 5,021 5,055 5,112 5,083 3,346 3,654 3, *86 4,0H5 4,262 4,467 4,633 4,741 4,731 4,845 4,989 5,032 5,181 5,285 5,416 5,645 5,781 5,814 607 720 748 743 751 767 835 849 830 823 874 879 865 877 903 958 952 956 26,947 27,224 27,296 27,298 26, 978 27,348 27,611 27,469 27,496 28,135 28,204 28,056 1,010 1,081 1,073 1,056 1,057 1,370 1,543 1,480 1,171 1,195 1,164 1,131 1,562 1,564 1,532 1,570 1,574 1,863 2,004 1,954 1,690 1,687 1,694 1,670 4,136 4,177 4,167 4,143 4,104 4,228 4,316 4, 328 4, 281 4, 371 4, 350 4,353 4,759 4,822 4,805 4,862 4,760 4, 620 4, 619 4,611 4,722 4, 937 5,012 4,956 5,172 5,167 5,154 5,179 5,125 4,965 4,905 4, 864 5,105 5, 235 5,247 5, 229 5,745 5,732 5,787 5,759 5,721 5,665 5, 630 5, 687 5,839 5,957 5,950 5,899 929 966 ,006 959 930 929 913 902 958 951 972 005 27,805 27,787 27,673 27,517 27,479 27,690 27,728 27,879 28,085 28,518 28,870 28,837 1,012 1,057 1,099 1,060 1,086 1,357 1,571 1,481 1,149 1,179 1,239 1,226 1,647 1,658 1,573 1,605 1,592 1,924 2,094 2,046 1,700 1,677 1,723 1,750 4,315 4, 295 4,281 4,267 4,285 4,377 4,512 4,565 4,510 4,527 4,558 4,573 4,954 4,952 4,960 4,877 4,905 4,780 4,613 4,691 5,075 5,223 5,299 5,286 5,219 5,226 5,124 5,092 5,094 4,926 4,821 4,876 5,079 5,159 5,198 5,185 5,838 5,790 5,792 5,80C 5,805 5,691 5,618 5,694 5,883 5,953 5,982 5,926 990 953 958 972 971 926 939 913 937 951 964 ,000 4,203 4, 279 4,359 4,376 4, 442 4,490 4,645 4, 666 4, 668 4,725 4,785 4, 855 4,899 4,945 4,979 5,036 5,182 5,220 127 135 140 135 133 130 150 142 136 138 154 172 187 194 183 187 180 175 178 178 181 175 180 188 203 210 201 206 205 226 244 249 262 271 275 272 396 419 450 473 493 532 564 575 553 558 588 614 620 628 639 667 725 772 1,075 1,085 1,090 1,088 1, 089 1,085 1,099 1,103 1,074 1,070 1, 074 1.079 1. 089 1,106 1,133 1,167 1, 223 1,263 997 998 1,002 1,012 1,021 1, 023 1, 049 1,050 1, 087 1,109 1,101 1, 098 1,090 1, 076 1,064 1,048 1,052 1,037 790 813 827 836 855 849 884 891 895 891 903 916 912 929 927 931 929 927 187 183 185 170 166 163 158 151 159 168 181 173 162 175 174 175 188 170 5,047 5,056 5,068 5,092 5,123 5, 373 5,434 5,394 5,156 5,147 5,135 5,156 147 153 139 146 139 271 286 274 145 153 150 161 257 263 275 278 255 324 335 314 249 252 246 258 688 681 701 699 718 746 779 767 738 721 725 741 1,204 1,199 1,201 1,208 1, 210 1, 227 1,235 1,246 1,232 1,229 1,243 1,239 1,050 1,057 1,061 1,056 1,059 1,057 1,056 1,047 1,046 1,053 1,041 1,039 923 927 918 918 924 918 931 933 947 941 937 936 186 173 176 188 217 216 213 198 174 169 170 174 T A B L E 4. Civilian Labor Force, by Sex, Color, and A g e , 1947-71 1— Continued [In thousands] Item T o ta l, 16 years and over 16 and 17 years 18 and 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over N e g r o a n d O t h e r R a ce s — Con. M ale—Continued 1971 January................................................. F ebruary.............................................. March.................................................. . A p ril...................................................... M a y ....................................................... June...................................................... J u ly....................................................... A ugust.................................................. September............................................ October........................ .......... .............. N ovem ber............................................ Decem ber............................................ 5,112 5,091 5,124 5,140 5,138 5,344 5,475 5,425 5,205 5,253 5,211 5,124 148 155 140 153 149 223 317 258 121 143 151 139 230 236 251 240 242 312 345 344 262 282 265 260 734 718 751 765 751 804 810 837 785 775 777 762 1,246 1,250 1,235 1,242 1,248 1,254 1,276 1,263 1,280 1,289 1,295 1,276 1,045 1,030 1,034 1,028 1,032 1,043 1,059 1,038 1,040 1,047 1,028 1,013 925 925 927 923 930 932 911 931 935 937 925 919 608 605 6G6 605 595 595 597 593 613 619 615 596 176 172 180 183 190 180 160 160 169 161 155 160 1954............................................................... 1955............................................................... 1956.................................................. ............ 1957.............................................................. 1958.............................................................. 1959.......................................... .................... 1960 2............................................................ 1961.............................................................. 1962 2............................................................ 1963............................................................ .. 1964.............................................................. 1965............................................................ _ 1966.............................................................. 1967.............................................................. 1968............................................................... 1969............................................................... 1970.............................................................. 1971.................................................. ........... 2,621 2,663 2,768 2,812 2,905 2,928 3,069 3,136 3,195 3,279 3,384 3, 464 3,597 3,704 3,780 3,918 4,015 4,102 68 65 82 71 71 66 74 74 73 82 83 92 110 110 115 125 129 122 101 117 124 122 120 107 139 146 151 153 164 154 188 219 220 219 222 212 326 307 297 311 328 338 352 353 364 377 424 454 466 497 558 598 628 649 680 706 717 694 695 680 690 712 730 749 744 761 777 827 835 878 907 965 684 673 692 719 750 748 771 793 809 821 818 844 863 864 845 846 855 871 476 499 519 550 597 614 645 662 650 656 690 680 702 699 715 741 750 755 226 235 266 274 274 304 324 320 336 354 370 383 394 387 397 412 419 429 59 60 72 70 72 69 73 77 82 84 92 96 99 102 96 99 104 101 1970 January................................................. February.............................................. March.................................................... A p ril...................................................... M ay....................................................... June...................................................... J u ly................................... ................... A ugust.................................................. September............................................ October................................................. N ovem ber................. ........................ D ecem ber............................................. 3,896 3,881 3,935 3,996 3,956 4,184 4,160 4,106 3,986 4,026 4,075 3, 979 110 104 94 103 94 192 220 190 97 118 127 106 217 191 183 183 202 281 273 260 215 221 236 200 618 607 604 607 619 629 645 651 629 643 645 641 866 879 930 942 916 918 899 897 902 887 931 919 851 868 860 874 853 856 838 855 854 858 849 844 739 716 729 751 758 765 761 742 758 761 760 762 405 421 426 421 408 433 419 408 431 434 416 405 90 98 106 116 105 111 104 103 101 104 111 104 1971 January................ ............................... February............................ ................. March................................................... A p ril.................................................... M ay....................................................... June....................................................... J u ly. __________ _____________ ____ A ugust.................................................. September.......................... .................. October........................... ..................... N ovem ber............................................ December.................................... ......... 3,908 3,994 4,009 4,004 4,045 4,133 4,310 4,227 4,149 4,191 4,160 4,098 103 92 104 97 95 144 228 172 100 101 105 116 168 170 195 188 183 255 293 252 209 213 202 215 620 638 635 640 635 662 695 679 661 661 637 623 933 951 973 958 978 907 936 951 984 849 877 877 883 860 867 864 870 865 883 887 864 717 760 726 751 776 766 762 768 760 766 770 735 419 418 407 493 435 437 436 430 460 451 439 411 98 88 90 85 82 96 97 105 111 116 119 128 Female 1 Absolute numbers b y color are not available prior to 1954 because population controls b y color were not introduced into the Current Population Survey until that year. 999 1,001 1,006 2 See footnote 1, table 1. 35 T A B L E 5. Civilian Labor Force Participation Rates,1 by M arital Status, A g e , and Sex, 1957-71 M a le M a r it a l s t a t u s a n d y e a r T ota l M a r r ie d , Sp o u se P r e s e n t 1 9 5 7 ____ ______________________________________________________ _ 1 9 5 8 ____________________________________________ ________ __________ 1 9 5 9 __________ ______________________________________________ _____ 1 9 6 0 _______________ _________ __________ ________________________ 1 9 6 1 ________________ _____________ ________________ _______________ 1 9 6 2 _______ _________________ _________ ____________________________ 1 9 6 3 ........................................................................... .......................................... 1 9 6 4 ................................. ............... ................................................................... 1 9 6 5 ___________________________ ___________________________________ 1 9 6 6 _____ _________________________________________________________ 1966 *.................................. ....................................... ....................................... 1967...................................................................................................................... 1968...................................................................................................................... 1969...................................................................................................................... 1970..................................................................................................................... 1971.................... ................................................................................................. 9 0 .3 8 9 .9 8 9 .6 8 9 .2 8 9 .0 8 8 .2 8 7 .8 8 7 .5 8 7 .4 8 7 .1 8 7 .1 8 7 .0 8 6 .8 8 6 .8 8 6 .1 8 5 .5 Sin g l e 1957_____ _________________________________________________________ 1958____________________________ ____________________________ _____ 1959____________________________ __________ _______________________ 1960____________________________ __________________________________ 1961______________ ________________________________________________ 1962_________ ________________________ _______________ __________ _ 1963_______________________ _________ _________ _________ __________ 1964____________________________ __________________________________ 1965_______________________________________________________________ 1966_________________________________ ________________________ _ 1966 *__________ _______________ _____ _________ ______________ _____ 1967..................................................................................................................... 1968...................................................................................................................... 1969..................................................................................................................... 1970..................................................................................................................... 1971................................................................................................................ .. 6 2 .2 6 0 .7 6 0 .6 6 0 .2 5 7 .9 5 6 .3 5 5 .8 5 5 .6 5 5 .5 5 5 .0 6 4 .6 6 5 .2 6 4 .6 6 4 .9 6 5 .5 6 5 .4 Other < 1957______________________________________ _____________________ 1958___________________________ _____________________ _________ _ 1 9 5 9 .................... ...................................................................... ........................ 1960_______________________________________ _________ ______________ 1961_____ ________ ______________ __________ _______________________ 1962_________ ____________________________________________ _____ _ 1963_______________________________________________________________ 1964_______________________________________________________________ 1965_______________________________ ______________ ______________ _ 1966_________________ ________ ___________________ __________ _____ 1966 2_____________________________________________________________ 1967..................................................................................................................... 1968...................................................................................................................... 1969..................................................................................................................... 1970..................................................................................................................... 197 1..................................................................................................................... 6 3 .1 6 3 .1 6 2 .8 6 3 .1 6 2 .4 5 9 .9 6 0 .0 6 0 .3 6 0 .4 5 9 .7 5 9 .7 5 8 .9 5 9 .4 5 9 .8 6 0 .6 6 1 .3 See footnotes at end of table. Digitized36 for FRASER 14 t o 17 y ea rs (3) (») (») (*) (3) <*> (») (») (») (#) (») (*) (») m (») (3) 3 6 .0 3 4 .1 3 4 .3 3 3 .9 3 1 .7 3 0 .5 3 0 .6 3 1 .7 3 2 .3 3 3 .5 4 6 .1 4 6 .8 4 6 .2 4 7 .2 4 6 .8 4 6 .7 (») (») (») (3) (*) («) («) (>) (») (*) (*) ( 3) (3) (») (3) (3) 18 a n d 19 y e a rs 20 t o 24 y e a rs 25 t o 34 y e a rs 35 t o 44 y e a rs 45 t o 64 years 65 y e a r s and over 9 6 .1 9 5 .5 9 7 .2 9 6 .7 9 6 .7 9 4 .1 9 2 .5 9 6 .2 9 2 .9 9 4 .1 9 4 .1 9 6 .2 9 5 .5 9 3 .7 9 4 .7 9 3 .7 9 6 .6 9 6 .6 9 6 .4 9 7 .1 9 7 .1 9 6 .2 9 6 .3 9 6 .8 9 6 .4 9 6 .7 9 6 .7 9 5 .9 9 5 .2 9 5 .2 9 4 .7 9 4 .6 9 8 .7 9 8 .7 9 8 .7 9 8 .8 9 8 .9 9 8 .7 9 8 .7 9 8 .6 9 8 .5 9 8 .6 9 8 .6 9 8 .5 9 8 .4 9 8 .3 9 8 .0 9 7 .7 9 8 .7 9 8 .8 9 8 .7 9 8 .6 9 8 .6 9 8 .7 9 8 .5 9 8 .3 9 8 .4 9 8 .4 9 8 .4 9 8 .3 9 8 .2 9 8 .1 9 8 .1 9 7 .8 9 4 .2 9 4 .1 9 3 .9 9 3 .7 9 3 .8 9 3 .3 9 3 .4 9 3 .0 9 2 .6 9 2 .4 9 2 .4 9 2 .2 9 2 .0 9 1 .5 9 1 .2 9 0 .7 4 2 .3 3 9 .9 3 8 .2 3 6 .6 3 5 .3 3 3 .8 3 1 .4 3 1 .1 3 1 .0 3 0 .2 3 0 .2 3 0 .1 3 0 .2 2 9 .9 2 9 .9 2 7 .8 6 9 .8 6 7 .6 6 8 .3 6 7 .1 6 4 .0 6 4 .2 6 6 .1 6 4 .5 6 3 .8 6 2 .8 6 2 .8 6 3 .3 6 3 .2 6 3 .6 6 4 .4 6 4 .4 7 8 .7 7 8 .4 7 9 .9 8 0 .3 7 9 .9 7 8 .6 7 7 .4 7 6 .6 7 5 .7 7 3 .5 7 3 .5 7 3 .6 7 1 .9 7 2 .4 7 3 .8 7 3 .7 8 9 .8 9 0 .0 9 1 .0 9 1 .5 9 0 .1 8 9 .6 8 9 .2 9 0 .7 9 0 .0 8 9 .6 8 9 .6 9 0 .1 8 9 .0 8 7 .8 8 7 .9 8 7 .4 8 9 .6 8 9 .7 8 8 .9 8 8 .6 8 8 .3 8 7 .4 8 7 .9 8 7 .3 8 7 .5 8 7 .5 8 7 .5 8 7 .3 8 6 .6 8 6 .5 8 6 .2 8 4 .0 8 2 .6 8 3 .2 8 2 .3 8 0 .1 7 9 .4 7 9 .9 7 8 .9 7 9 .2 7 8 .1 7 5 .7 7 5 .7 7 7 .0 7 7 .8 7 5 .9 7 5 .7 7 4 .7 3 1 .0 2 9 .3 3 0 .0 3 1 .2 2 8 .5 2 8 .4 2 5 .1 2 4 .9 2 3 .2 2 0 .4 2 0 .4 2 2 .1 2 4 .2 2 4 .8 2 5 .2 2 5 .1 9 3 .6 9 5 .6 9 5 .7 9 6 .9 9 5 .0 9 2 .0 9 2 .2 9 2 .0 9 6 .6 9 3 .2 9 3 .2 9 1 .4 9 0 .8 9 2 .5 9 0 .4 8 8 .4 9 5 .9 9 4 .7 9 4 .9 9 5 .2 9 6 .6 9 4 .4 9 4 .4 9 4 .5 9 5 .1 9 4 .6 9 4 .6 9 4 .7 9 4 .4 9 4 .7 9 3 .7 9 3 .3 9 4 .7 9 3 .9 9 4 .5 9 4 .4 9 3 .6 9 2 .9 9 3 .2 9 3 .3 9 3 .0 9 1 .6 9 1 .6 9 2 .9 9 2 .1 9 0 .3 9 1 .1 9 1 .4 8 3 .5 8 5 .2 9 0 .3 8 3 .2 8 3 .0 8 2 .1 8 2 .1 8 2 .0 8 0 .8 8 0 .7 8 0 .7 7 9 .8 7 9 .0 7 9 .3 7 8 .5 7 7 .4 2 5 .0 2 4 .4 2 3 .3 2 2 .7 2 1 .2 2 0 .2 1 9 .4 1 8 .7 1 8 .7 1 7 .7 1 7 .7 1 8 .3 1 7 .7 1 8 .0 1 8 .3 1 6 .9 (3) (3) (3) (») (3) (3) (3) (») (3) (3) (3) ( 3) (3) (3) (3) (3) T A B L E 5. Civilian Labor Force Participation Rates/ by M arital Status, A g e , and Sex, 1 9 5 7 -7 1 — Continued Female M a r it a l s t a t u s a n d y e a r T ota l M a r r ie d , S po u se P r e s e n t 1057____________ ______ _____________________ __________ __________ 1058______________________________________________ ________________ 1050_________ _____________________________________________________ 1060____________________________________________________ _______ 1061_____ _________________________________________ _______________ 14 t o 17 years 18 a n d 19 years 20 t o 24 y ears 25 t o 34 years 35 t o 44 years 45 t o 64 y ears 65 y e a r s and over 1063___________ ___________________________________________________ 1064__________________ ____________________________________________ 1065_______________________________________________________________ 1066_______________ _____ __________ _______________________________ 1066 *_________________________ _____ ________ ___________ _________ 1067..................................................................................................................... 1068..................................................................................................................... 1060............................................................................... ..................................... 1070..................................................................................................................... 1 9 7 1 . . ............................................................................................................... 3 0 .1 3 0 .7 3 1 .2 3 1 .9 3 2 .5 3 2 .8 3 3 .4 3 4 .1 3 4 .0 3 5 .9 3 5 .9 3 7 .3 3 8 .2 3 9 .5 4 0 .5 4 0 .6 1 7 .0 17.1 1 6 .8 1 6 .8 1 8 .4 1 8 .6 1 9 .8 1 8 .4 18 .6 2 0 .5 2 0 .6 2 1 .8 2 3 .4 2 2 .0 2 7 .0 2 3 .5 2 9 .8 3 0 .2 3 0 .1 3 0 .9 3 1 .1 3 3 .6 3 3 .8 3 2 .9 3 4 .1 3 7 .3 3 7 .3 3 8 .6 4 0 .8 4 1 .7 4 0 .3 4 1 .7 3 0 .9 3 1 .7 3 1 .4 3 1 .7 3 3 .0 3 3 .6 3 3 .3 3 5 .9 3 7 .1 3 8 .9 3 8 .9 4 1 .5 4 2 .8 4 6 .4 4 7 .9 4 8 .4 2 7 .6 2 7 .0 2 8 .2 2 8 .8 20 .1 2 9 .3 3 0 .1 3 0 .3 3 1 .5 3 3 .1 3 3 .1 3 5 .5 3 6 .3 3 7 .3 3 8 .8 3 9 .2 3 6 .5 3 6 .9 3 6 .9 3 7 .2 3 7 .8 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 3 0 .7 4 0 .5 4 1 .4 4 1 .4 4 2 .7 4 4 .1 4 5 .5 4 6 .8 4 7 .3 3 2 .4 3 3 .5 3 5 .0 3 6 .0 3 6 .0 3 7 .4 3 8 .2 3 9 .2 3 9 .5 4 0 .3 4 0 .3 4 1 .3 4 2 .0 4 3 .2 4 4 .0 4 3 .7 6 .6 6 .6 6 .3 6 .7 6 .8 6 .3 6 .3 6 .4 6 .7 6 .8 6 .8 6 .0 6 .9 7 .1 7 .3 7 .2 S in g l e 1057_______________________________________________ ________ _______ 1058____________________________ ______________ _______ _____________ 1050__________ __________ _________________________________________ 1060________ __________ _________ __________________________________ 1061_______________ _______________________________________________ 1062_______________________________________________________________ 1063____________ __________ _________ ______________________________ 1064________ ______ _______________________________________________ 1065_______________________________________________________________ 1066________ _____ __________ ________________________________ ______ 1 06 6*_____________________________________________________________ 1967..................................................................................................................... 1968..................................................................................................................... 1 9 6 9 . . . .............................................................................................................. 1970..................................................................................................................... 1971.................................................................................................................... 5 0 .0 4 8 .5 4 7 .4 4 8 .0 4 6 .5 4 4 .8 4 4 .2 4 4 .2 4 4 .4 4 5 .6 5 5 .6 5 5 .3 5 5 .6 6 6 .7 5 6 .8 5 6 .3 2 1 .3 1 9 .7 2 1 .0 2 0 .0 2 0 .2 1 9 .3 1 0 .0 19 .8 1 0 .9 2 1 .9 3 1 .1 3 1 .5 3 2 .1 3 4 .2 3 5 .3 3 4 .9 6 0 .6 6 0 .6 57 .1 5 8 .6 5 8 .4 5 7 .4 5 6 .6 5 4 .9 5 4 .4 5 6 .3 5 6 .3 5 6 .0 5 5 .5 5 6 .4 5 7 .3 5 6 .3 7 6 .6 7 6 .5 7 5 .5 7 7 .2 7 5 .9 74.1 7 3 .7 7 4 .0 7 2 .9 7 3 .8 7 3 .8 72 .1 7 3 .1 7 2 .5 7 3 .0 7 2 .3 8 4 .4 8 4 .2 8 2 .9 8 3 .4 8 4 .1 8 2 .3 8 1 .9 8 4 .2 8 2 .9 8 2 .2 8 2 .2 8 2 .2 8 1 .8 8 2 .4 8 1 .4 8 1 .5 8 2 .9 8 2 .8 8 2 .3 8 2 .0 8 1 .7 8 0 .8 8 0 .6 7 0 .6 8 1 .8 8 0 .7 8 0 .7 8 0 .0 7 9 .2 8 0 .5 7 8 .6 7 8 .1 7 6 .4 7 7 .2 7 7 .8 7 0 .8 7 6 .7 7 6 .6 7 6 .8 7 6 .7 76 .1 7 6 .5 7 6 .5 7 4 .2 7 4 .6 7 5 .2 7 3 .0 7 2 .6 2 3 .7 2 4 .1 2 2 .3 2 4 .3 2 3 .0 1 8 .5 1 9 .3 2 1 .7 2 2 .4 1 8 .8 1 8 .8 1 9 .4 19 .1 2 0 .2 1 9 .7 1 7 .8 Other « 1057_______ _________________ _______________________ ______________ 1058_________ _________ ___________________________________________ 1050...................................................... ............................................................. 1060___________________________ _________ __________________________ 1061________________________ ________________ _____________________ 1062___________________________________________ ____________ _____ 1963____________________ _____ ___________ _________________________ 1 0 6 4 . . . . ................................................................................................. .. 1065__________ _____ _________________________________________ _ 1066...................................................... ............................................................. 1066 *............ .................................................... ................................................ 1067..................................................................................................................... 1968..................................................................................................................... 1969..................................................................................................................... 1970..................................................................................................................... 1971................................................ .................................................................... 4 1 .3 4 1 .6 4 1 .6 4 1 .6 4 1 .7 4 0 .6 4 0 .9 4 0 .6 4 0 .7 4 1 .3 4 1 .3 4 1 .0 4 0 .4 4 0 .7 4 0 .3 4 0 .3 4 6 .3 4 4 .0 5 1 .6 4 7 .0 4 6 .6 4 5 .0 4 7 .3 4 3 .1 44 .1 5 4 .4 5 4 .4 5 0 .0 5 0 .9 5 1 .6 5 2 .1 47 .1 5 5 .8 5 6 .9 5 5 .2 5 8 .0 5 7 .5 5 7 .1 5 5 .3 5 6 .6 5 9 .2 6 1 .1 6 1 .1 6 2 .5 5 9 .3 62 .1 6 0 .3 5 9 .2 6 3 .0 6 4 .1 6 2 .7 6 3 .1 6 2 .1 6 0 .3 6 2 .3 6 1 .5 6 4 .1 6 3 .2 6 3 .2 6 4 .3 6 3 .6 6 4 .8 6 4 .6 6 2 .8 7 2 .6 7 2 .6 7 1 .5 7 0 .0 6 0 .4 6 7 .3 6 9 .3 6 7 .8 6 9 .3 7 0 .4 7 0 .4 7 1 .7 6 9 .7 6 8 .8 6 8 .8 6 9 .3 5 8 .8 5 0 .5 6 0 .0 6 0 .0 6 0 .7 6 0 .8 6 1 .2 6 1 .7 6 1 .6 6 2 .5 6 2 .5 6 1 .8 6 1 .8 6 2 .6 6 1 .9 6 2 .2 1 1 .2 1 0 .8 1 0 .0 1 1 .4 1 1 .6 1 1 .2 1 0 .5 1 0 .0 1 0 .5 1 0 .4 1 0 .4 10 .1 10 .9 1 0 .5 1 0 .0 9 .9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Percent of civilian noninstitutional population in civilian labor force. >Beginning with 1066 data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over and persons 16 to 17 years old (instead of 14 to 17) in accordance with change introduced in January 1067. http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 466—157 0— 72------4 Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis * Percent not shown where base is less than 50.000. Includes widowed, divorced, and married-spouse absent, * 37 T A B L E 6. Experienced Civilian Labor Force/ by Occupation and Sex, 1954-71 [Percent distribution! All occupations Year and sex Both Sexes 1954____ _______ 1955___________ 1956___________ 1957___________ 1958___________ 1959___________ 1960___________ 1961___________ 1962__________ _ 1963___________ 1964___________ 1965___________ 1966___________ 1966 a__________ 1967..................... 1968..................... 1969............. ........ 1970..................... 1971..................... Number (thou Percent sands) Profes Man Crafts sional, Farmers agers, Clerical men, Opera Farm Laborer Service techni and and Sales- foremen, tive and Private workers, laborers except cal, and farm and pro kindred workers and kindred household except and farmand kindred man prietors, workers kindred workers workers private foremen mine workers agers except workers household farm 64,103 65,496 67,210 67,596 68,213 68,952 70,156 71,018 71,315 72,360 73,614 75,024 76,489 75,299 76,919 78,329 80,319 82,210 83,483 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.9 8.9 9.2 9.7 10.4 10.5 10.8 11.1 11.5 11.6 11.8 12.0 12.3 12.5 13.0 13.3 13.6 13.8 13.7 6.0 5.7 5.5 4.9 4.5 4.4 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.3 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.0 9.8 10.0 9.8 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.5 10.2 10.3 9.9 9.8 9.9 9.8 10.0 10.0 10.2 10.6 13.1 13.1 13.5 13.9 14.0 14.0 14.5 14.6 14.8 14.8 15.0 15.4 15.9 16.1 16.6 16.8 17.2 17.4 16.9 6.4 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.6 6.5 6.6 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.5 6.4 6.2 6.1 6.1 6.0 6.1 6.3 13.6 13.2 13.4 13.3 13.3 13.1 12.9 13.0 12.8 13.0 12.7 12.7 12.9 13.1 13.1 13.1 13.0 12.8 12.8 20.7 20.7 20.1 19.8 18.8 18.6 18.6 18.3 18.3 18.7 18.8 18.9 19.0 19.2 19.0 18.6 18.7 18.2 17.0 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.1 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.0 1.9 8.2 8.4 8.6 8.6 8.9 9.1 9.3 9.6 9.7 9.9 10.0 10.0 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.2 10.3 10.5 11.8 4.1 4.4 4.5 4.2 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.3 3.2 3.1 2.8 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 6.3 6.3 5.9 6.0 6.2 6.2 6.0 5.7 5.7 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.2 5.1 5.0 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.4 1954___________ 1955___________ 1956______ _____ 1957___________ 1958________ _ 1959___________ 1960______ ___ 1961.................... 1962___________ 1963___________ 1964 __________ 1965___________ 1966............ ........ 1966*__________ 1967..................... 1968..................... 1969..................... 1970..................... 1971..................... 44,426 44,897 45,622 45,689 45,951 46.315 46,765 47,065 47,098 47,539 48,096 48,705 49,004 48,266 48,805 49,372 50,050 50,969 51,731 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.1 8.1 8.5 9.0 9.8 10.1 10.4 10.7 11.2 11.4 11.5 11.6 12.1 12.2 12.8 13.2 13.6 13.7 13.4 8.4 8.0 7.7 7.0 6.5 6.3 5.7 5.5 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.0 4.1 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.1 12.0 12.3 12.2 12.6 12.7 12.8 12.9 13.0 13.5 13.2 13.4 12.9 12.8 13.0 13.0 13.3 13.5 13.8 14.1 6.6 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.7 6.7 7.0 6.9 6.9 6.8 6.9 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.0 7.1 6.7 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.8 6.0 5.9 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.8 6.0 6.0 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.4 5.6 5.8 19.1 18.8 19.1 19.2 19.2 19.0 18.8 19.1 18.9 19.2 19.0 19.0 19.6 19.9 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.0 19.9 21.4 21.7 21.3 20.9 20.0 19.9 19.9 19.6 19.7 20.2 20.4 20.7 20.7 21.0 20.6 20.3 20.4 20.0 18.7 0.1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.8 7.0 7.1 7.0 7.2 7.1 7.0 6.9 6.7 6.7 8.2 3.7 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.4 3.3 3.2 2.9 2.5 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.9 8.8 8.9 8.5 8.7 9.0 9.0 8.7 8.4 8.4 8.3 8.2 8.4 7.9 7.7 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.8 8.2 Females 1954..................... 1955..................... 1956..................... 1957___________ 1958..................... 1959..................... 1960.......... .......... 1961..................... 1962..................... 1963..................... 1964..................... 1965..................... 1966..................... 1966 *................... 1967..................... 1968..................... 1969..................... 1970..................... 1971.................... 19,677 20,599 21,587 21,907 22,261 22,637 23,391 23,953 24,219 24,821 25,517 26,319 27,486 27,033 28,114 28,957 30,269 31,240 31,752 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10.6 10.7 10.5 11.1 11.7 11.5 11.8 11.7 12.0 12.1 12.4 12.7 12.9 13.1 13.4 13.6 13.5 14.1 14.1 0.6 .7 .8 .7 .6 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .4 .3 .3 .3 .3 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.3 4.8 27.9 27.8 28.2 29.0 29.1 29.1 29.5 29.5 30.0 30.0 30.4 31.0 31.8 32.3 32.9 33.5 34.1 34.2 33.6 7.9 7.7 7.8 7.6 7.5 7.8 7.6 7.6 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.5 7.1 7.2 7.1 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 h i 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.3 19.2 18.5 17.7 17.5 16.5 16.0 15.9 15.8 15.4 15.8 15.8 15.6 15.8 16.1 16.1 15.8 15.9 15.2 14.1 9.2 9.6 10.1 9.7 10.2 10.0 9.8 10.0 9.9 9.6 9.3 8.7 8.3 7.2 6.4 6.1 5.5 5.1 4.8 12.9 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.9 14.5 14.8 15.3 15.3 15.6 15.6 15.5 15.6 15.7 15.9 15.9 16.2 16.7 17.6 4.8 5.4 5.3 4.8 4.2 4.2 3.9 3.4 3.1 3.1 2.8 2.6 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.4 0.6 .6 .4 .5 .5 .5 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .9 Males *Includes the emnloyed, classified according to their current job, and the unemployed, classified according to their latest civilian job, if any; excludes the unemployed persons who never held a full-time civilian job. 38FRASER Digitized for * Beginning with 1966, total data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over, in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. T A B L E 7. Persons Not in the Labor Force, by Sex, Color, and A g e , 1947-71 1 [In thousands] Item Male 1947______________ _______ ______________________ 1948................... ......... .......................... ...... - ............. 1949.............................................. ................................ 1950....................... ..................... .................................. 1951........................... ................................................... 1952.... ........................................................................... 1953 2.................................... ........................................ 1954............................................................................... 1955....... ......................... .............................................. 1956 ..................... .................. -.......... ......................... 1957............................................................................... 1958............................................................................... 1959............................................................................... 1960 2............................................................................. 1961......................................... — .................................. 1962 2............................... .......... ................................... 1963.... .................... ................. .................................... 1964.............................................................................. . 1965.........................................- ................................ .. 1966................................................ ............................... 1967............................................................................... 1968............................................................................... 1969............................................................................... 1970............................................................................... 1971............ ................................................................. Total. 16 16and 17 18and 19 20 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 years years years years years years years years and over 65 years and over 6,710 6,710 6,825 6,906 6,725 6,832 7,117 7,431 7,634 7,633 8,118 8,514 8,907 9,274 9.633 10,231 10, 792 11,169 11,527 11,792 11.919 12,315 12,677 13,066 13,715 1.069 1.019 1,006 996 958 1,020 1,052 1,151 1,155 1,096 1,157 1,302 1,475 1,515 1.531 1,587 1,842 2,005 1,956 1,868 1,871 1,948 1,972 2,037 2,092 458 460 463 463 421 437 452 507 499 491 510 562 581 663 788 794 748 788 965 1,106 1,034 1,054 1,087 1,099 1,159 907 854 725 639 517 451 428 458 488 486 540 568 548 556 589 646 727 766 807 844 934 1,057 1,097 1,142 1,270 468 441 462 437 334 270 282 295 263 299 318 311 280 262 265 288 290 270 280 276 290 334 369 422 491 191 202 205 242 251 220 196 206 209 226 235 233 251 263 274 274 289 312 306 312 303 315 334 340 372 369 348 372 356 347 330 308 316 326 321 347 355 394 427 445 447 439 446 467 499 517 552 592 636 678 658 678 821 871 864 849 823 780 840 812 887 875 915 973 953 1.050 1,066 1,133 1,227 1,253 1,281 1,312 1,406 1,464 1,550 2.590 2, 710 2,773 2.904 3.034 3.255 3.576 3.716 3.856 3.902 4,125 4.305 4.463 4.615 4.786 5,145 5,391 5.451 5.518 5,635 5,692 5,743 5,821 5,925 6,103 13,694 13,528 13,361 13,284 13,276 11,684 11,295 11,905 13,500 13,676 13,756 13,831 2,306 2,288 2,240 2,184 2,159 1,501 1,253 1,568 2,219 2,244 2,266 2,211 1,235 1,228 1,207 1,263 1,209 718 573 735 1,245 1,275 1,247 1,257 1,322 1,298 1,305 1,274 1,274 834 670 762 1,127 1,272 1,269 1,299 443 400 405 422 458 399 406 385 419 442 434 455 367 337 318 298 315 315 357 367 369 330 353 352 630 638 598 623 631 618 633 651 656 657 652 649 1,446 1,437 1,417 1,397 1,412 1,419 1,476 1,497 1,503 1,515 1,516 1,533 5,947 5,900 5,870 5,823 5,820 5,879 5,927 5,940 5,963 5,940 6,017 6,075 January......................... .............................................. February.................................. ...................... ............. March........... ............................. ................................. A pril................................... .......... ............................ May................................................... ...... ................... June........................................................................... July............................................................................. . August......................................................................... September.................................................................... . October........................... .............................................. November.......... ....................................... .................. . December......................... ............................................ 14,136 14,254 14,310 14,060 13,977 12,536 11,820 12,340 14,138 14,244 14,295 14,467 2,324 2,329 2,370 2,225 2,200 1,701 1,276 1,590 2,294 2,264 2,239 2,287 1,339 1,354 1,372 1,348 1,309 769 560 725 1,322 1,282 1,268 1,256 1,351 1,427 1,437 1,403 1,402 992 888 890 1,324 1,374 1,407 1,339 494 449 496 526 529 482 402 432 478 528 524 552 371 373 383 379 389 371 357 387 365 342 357 394 657 635 633 631 654 645 700 691 688 735 745 726 1,493 1,523 1,492 1,503 1,494 1,546 1,557 1,554 1,595 1,606 1, 578 1,659 6,107 6,164 6,128 6,044 6,001 6,027 6,079 6,072 6,072 6,112 6,177 6,254 Female 1947........... ............................ .......... .......... ...... .......... 1948______ _______ __________ _______ ____________ 1949........... .......... .............. ......................................... 1950_____ __________ _______ ____ _______ ________ 1951_______________ ___ ___________________ ___ _ 1952................................................... ............................ 1953 2........................ ................. .................................. 1954_________________ ____ _______ ____ ___ _____ 1955______________________________________ _____ 1956........ ...................................................................... 1957___ _______________________ ________ ___ _____ 1958_________ _______ ___________ ________ _______ 1959—.............. ........... ...... ........................................ . I960*.................... ....................................................... 1961................... ...... .................................................... 1962 2........................................ ............. ...................... 1963................................................. ......................... . 1964...................... ............. ........................................... 1965............................................................................... 1966....................................... ..................................... 1967.............................................................................. 1968............................................................................... 1969............................................................................... 1970............................................................................... 1971............................................................................... 35.767 35.737 35,883 35.881 35,879 36.261 36,924 37,247 37, 026 36.769 37,218 37,574 38,053 38.343 38,679 39,308 39, 791 40,225 40.531 40,496 40.608 40,976 40,924 41,214 1.541 1.466 1,426 1,422 1,395 1,408 1,462 1,542 1,574 1,508 1,587 1, 752 1,891 1.963 1,946 1,998 2,289 2,522 2,494 2,382 2. 399 2.436 2,442 2,470 2,551 1,090 1,071 1,032 1,048 989 996 1.022 1,048 1.044 1,043 1,083 1,110 1,180 1,205 1,314 1.359 1,355 1,410 1,605 1,680 1. 659 1,642 1,626 1,660 1,733 3,342 3.285 3,249 3,136 3,058 3.100 3,050 2.953 2.884 2,847 2,879 2,895 3,014 3,014 3,042 3,125 3,265 3.287 3,376 3.387 3.478 3,529 3,512 3,579 3,723 7,970 7,912 7,955 7,958 7,842 7,870 8.084 8.024 7,930 7.814 7,705 7,583 7,488 7,354 7,247 7.194 7,062 7,044 6,906 6,811 6.716 6.871 6,942 6,972 7,103 6.454 6.500 6,486 6.486 6,513 6,535 6,627 6,708 6,740 6,648 6,705 6,765 6,831 6,905 6,911 6,935 6,872 6,859 6.685 6,530 6,309 6.131 5,918 5,711 5,594 5,621 5, 511 5.524 5.442 5.379 5.426 5.434 5.465 5,326 5,285 5,311 5,298 5,291 5.323 5,379 5.374 5,368 5.370 5.505 5,496 5,568 5, 585 5,485 5,475 5,539 4,733 4.879 4.957 4.966 5.033 5. 060 4.982 5.037 4.959 4,874 4.987 5,018 4.993 5,051 5,087 5.067 5.067 5.122 5,151 5,181 5,238 5,340 5,389 5,496 5,606 5.016 5,114 5.253 5,423 6.671 5,867 6,262 6.469 6,569 6,751 6,961 7,154 7,365 7,528 7,753 8.256 8,514 8,610 8.808 9,029 9,243 9.442 9,611 9,851 10,102 1970 January.......................................................................... February........................................... ............................ March............................................................................ April............................................................................. May............................................................................... June.............................................................................. July............................................................................... August.......................................................................... September...................................................................... October.......................................................................... November...................................................................... December....................................................................... 1971 41,952 See footnotes at end of table. 39 T A B L E 7. Persons Not in the Labor Force, by Sex, Color, and A g e , 1947-71 1— Continued [In thousands] Item Total, 16 16and 17 18and 19 20 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 years years years years years years years years years and over and over Female—Continued 1970 January.......................................................................... February........................................................................ March............................................................................ April............................................................................. July............................................................................... August........................................................................... September................................ ..................................... October.......................................................................... Novomber...................................................................... December....................................................................... 1971 January.......................................................................... February....................................................................... March................................................................. .......... April....................................... ..................................... May............................................................................... August.......... ............................................................... September............................................. ........................ October.......................................................................... N ovem ber................... ......................................................................... December............... ....................................................... 41,299 41,146 41,128 41,172 41,639 41,133 41,009 41,315 41,519 40,935 40,949 41,305 2,623 2,567 2,595 2,613 2,630 2,230 2,039 2,139 2,548 2,511 2,540 2,601 1,750 1,782 1,829 1,800 1,812 1,426 1,301 1,375 1,694 1,701 1,689 1,759 3,541 3,541 3,581 3,632 3,687 3,574 3,497 3,512 3,615 3,544 3,597 3,631 6,893 6,846 6,840 6,801 6,956 7,116 7,165 7,202 7,113 6,939 6,847 6,941 5,718 5,694 5,704 5,653 5,716 5,863 5,930 5,943 5,691 5,546 5,532 5,545 5,468 5,515 5,457 5,473 5,516 5,571 5,623 5,592 5,432 5,321 5,337 5,395 5,530 5,447 5,401 5,423 5,487 5,501 5,557 5,620 5,525 5,466 5,485 5,514 9,775 9,753 9,721 9,777 9,835 9,851 9,898 9,932 9,900 9,928 9,922 9,919 41,736 41,763 41,977 42,248 42,354 42,162 42,058 42,093 42,082 41,724 41,508 41,715 2,729 2,703 2,656 2,710 2,692 2,380 2,090 2,241 2,650 2,624 2,565 2,571 1,825 1,821 1,891 1,876 1,904 1,510 1,312 1,410 1,810 1,838 1,812 1,782 3,724 3,758 3,808 3,849 3,869 3,783 3,648 3,608 3,680 3,659 3,650 3,647 6,957 6,966 6,961 7,087 7,066 7,289 7,454 7,423 7,072 6,972 6,958 7,030 5,539 5,491 5,582 5,598 5,608 5,758 5,855 5,785 5,578 5,472 5,420 5,447 5,510 5,522 5,562 5,538 5,517 5,650 5,735 5,659 5,485 5,416 5,389 5,486 5,495 5,483 5,479 5,541 5,625 5,669 5,834 5,800 5,643 5,572 5,538 5,597 9,958 10,021 10,038 10,050 10,072 10,122 10,129 10,167 10,164 10,170 10,175 10,154 6,702 6,881 6,870 7,301 7,667 8,013 8,325 8,624 9,124 9,629 9,976 10,283 10,491 10,566 10,881 11,164 11,475 11.961 1,007 1,011 952 1,008 1,139 1,293 1,336 1,340 1,385 1,609 1,746 1,691 1,600 1,594 1,649 1,663 1,699 1,727 459 442 435 442 491 508 580 701 703 656 688 852 967 886 903 929 929 969 418 439 430 485 505 495 495 523 580 655 696 738 774 842 944 974 999 1,095 253 216 257 274 270 238 220 218 234 234 223 234 225 238 275 300 341 394 172 170 186 198 196 205 212 217 210 230 246 240 243 229 240 251 263 283 258 276 271 289 300 328 353 372 371 353 363 387 404 429 450 483 512 538 687 745 719 783 774 806 860 831 922 941 992 1,073 1,112 1,126 1,158 1,238 1,304 1,378 3,449 3,581 3,621 3,822 3,990 4,140 4,266 4,422 4,719 4,952 5,021 5,070 5,164 5,224 5,262 5,325 5,428 5,578 12,077 11,896 11, 711 11,645 11,628 10,277 9,931 10,510 11,850 11,999 12,045 12,129 1,948 1,935 1,869 1,815 1,781 1,253 1,018 1,320 1,840 1,872 1,889 1,844 1,060 1,057 1,041 1,095 1,016 593 458 602 1,048 1,079 1,043 1,062 1,178 1,138 1,154 1,119 1,120 70S 571 660 989 1,109 1,101 1,141 370 316 317 340 366 323 333 322 334 351 351 366 289 266 249 226 243 242 283 286 287 255 266 264 505 517 467 492 503 482 509 528 545 539 530 524 1,274 1,273 1,248 1,230 1,245 1,265 1,305 1,341 1,358 1,372 1,366 1,369 5,454 5,394 5,365 5,329 5,355 5,411 5,454 5,452 5,450 5,421 5,497 5,559 12,371 12,452 12,525 12,272 12,169 10,918 10,316 10,761 12,321 12,455 12,455 12,521 1,942 1,953 1,976 1,842 1,812 1,386 1,053 1,306 1,871 1,862 1,845 1,880 1,115 1,135 1,164 1,127 1,089 622 1,178 1,230 1,266 1,238 1, 215 847 742 765 1,142 1,178 408 361 391 424 428 384 321 328 384 435 431 433 290 276 293 283 296 290 291 298 277 262 259 279 520 497 496 491 519 512 545 553 554 601 599 572 1,327 1,354 1,324 1,334 1,314 1,366 1,377 1,370 1,430 1,446 1,413 1,475 5,592 5,645 5,615 5,534 5,497 5,513 5,543 5,535 5,543 5,574 5,632 5,714 White Male 1954............................................................................... 1955................................................................................ 1950................................................................................ 1958................................................................................ 1960 *.............................................................................. 1961............................................................................... 1963............................................................................... 1964............................................................................... 1965............................................................................... 1966............................................................................... 1967............................................................................... 1968............................................................................... 1969............................................................................... 1970............................................................................... 1971............................................................................... 1970 January.......................................................................... February........................................................................ March............................................................................ April............................................................................ August........................................................................... September...................................................................... October.......................................................................... November...................................................................... December...................................................................... 1971 January........................................................................ . February....................................................................... March...... .................................................................... April........ ...................................................... ....... ..... June.................................. ........................................... August......... ................................................................. September...................................................................... October................ .......... .............................................. November............................................................... ..... December.................... ................................................. See footnotes at end of table. Digitized 40 for FRASER 444 606 1,119 1,096 1,065 1,045 1,211 1,123 T A B L E 7. Persons Not in the Labor Force, by Sex, Color, and A g e , 1947-71 1— Continued [In thousands] Item Total, 16 16 and 17 years years and over 18 and 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over White Female 1954.................................................................................... ............... . 1955_________ _____________________________________ ___________ 1956........................................... ............... ............................................. 1957........... ..................................................... ...................................... 1958............................................................................. ........................... 1959............... ............................ ........................ ............ ............ .......... 1960 *........................... ............... .................................. - .......... .......... 1 9 6 1 ................................................... .............. .................................... 1962 2............... ..................................................................................... 1963...................... ............ ......................... ................................... ......... 1964......................................................................................................... 1965 . . . ................................................. ................................................ 1966 .......................................... ............................................................. 1967................................... ........................................................ ......... 1968.......................................................................................................... 1969.................................................... : ................................................... 1970........................................................................................................ 1971......................................................................................................... 34,186 33,917 33,679 34,077 34,432 34,837 35,044 35,326 35,841 36,246 36,637 36,865 36,801 36,835 37,089 36,970 37,119 37,708 1,332 1,353 1,299 1,363 1,517 1,639 1,702 1,678 1,724 1,990 2,180 2,137 2,026 2,026 2,057 2,057 2,066 2,118 881 890 889 920 938 992 1,030 1,132 1,178 1,166 1,221 1,374 1,442 1,428 1,393 1,362 1,386 1,432 2,622 2,534 2,484 2,523 2,543 2,659 2,645 2,654 2,740 2,877 2,921 3,008 2,997 3, 070 3,132 3,089 3,118 3,213 7,338 7,260 7,154 7,023 6,909 6,807 6,656 6,568 6,522 6,404 6,379 6,258 6,172 6,104 6,230 6,301 6,305 6,437 6,202 6,211 6,126 6,199 6,281 6,333 6,387 6,395 6,388 6,309 6,277 6,119 5,976 5,752 5, 551 5,341 5,140 5,038 5,051 4,912 4,866 4,893 4,897 4,881 4,903 4,956 4,950 4,940 4,953 5,056 5,049 5,094 5,104 5,006 4,979 5,022 4, 715 4,615 4,542 4,642 4,653 4,642 4,688 4,700 4,672 4,673 4,727 4,751 4,774 4,803 4,892 4,935 5,026 5,124 6,044 6,142 6,319 6,515 6,691 6,886 7,030 7,242 7,666 7,887 7,979 8,163 8,365 8, 558 8,730 8,878 9.100 9,323 37,199 37,012 37,029 37,116 37,525 37,213 37,046 37,274 37,339 36,796 36,820 37,061 2, 211 2,147 2,163 2,187 2,194 1,890 1,723 1,792 2,106 2,088 2,124 2,163 1,477 1,482 1,520 1,490 1,520 1,212 1,078 1,138 1,410 1,422 1,424 1,456 3,102 3,085 3,117 3,166 3,227 3,116 3,051 3,065 3,139 3,076 3,125 3,148 6,213 6,174 6,215 6,183 6,309 6,461 6,486 6,515 6,426 6,234 6,182 6,260 5,145 5,139 5,139 5,103 5,145 5,291 5,340 5,369 5,117 4,976 4,953 4,961 4,973 4,994 4,948 4,983 5,030 5,091 5,136 5,084 4,939 4,827 4,841 4,899 5,057 4,987 4,946 4,961 5,010 5,045 5,086 5,136 5,061 5,004 5,003 5,019 9,021 9,003 8,981 9,044 9,089 9,107 9,145 9,175 9,140 9,169 9,168 9,155 37,402 37,499 37,708 37,956 38,084 37,962 38,016 37,944 37,834 37,499 37,234 37,359 2,287 2,248 2,211 2, 256 2,235 1,970 1,762 1,855 2,192 2,165 2,109 2,126 1,488 1,486 1,579 1,556 1,578 1,255 1,093 1,148 1,501 1,532 1,493 1,474 3,214 3,260 3,301 3,342 3,351 3,286 3,177 3,117 3,167 3,145 3,108 3,087 6,286 6,309 6,323 6,429 6,425 6,572 6,762 6,737 6,411 6,321 6,302 6,372 4,960 4,941 5,033 5,054 5,041 5,198 5,293 5,228 5,017 4,928 4,881 4,885 4,966 5,020 5,024 5,023 5,024 5,145 5,225 5,152 4,968 4,903 4,878 4,939 5,013 4,998 4,981 5,037 5,152 5,196 5,358 5,316 5,188 5,106 5,058 5,087 9,187 9,238 9,255 9,260 9,278 9,340 9,346 9,390 9,390 9,400 9,405 9,391 Male 1954........................................................................................................ 1955....................... ............................................................................... 1956................................................. ............ ....................................... 1957............................ ........................................................................... 195&..................... ................................................................................. 1959......................................................................................................... 1960 2............................ ....................................................................... . 1961.... .............. .......... _■............ ............................................................. 1962 2............................................. .......................................................... 1963.............................................. ...................................................... . 1964........................................................................................................ 1 9 6 5 ....................................... .............................................................. 1966..................... ........................ .......................................................... 1967...................................................................................................... . 1968.......................................................................................................... 1969......................................................................................................... 1970.......................................................................................................... 1971...................... .................................................................................. 729 755 761 818 845 894 950 1,011 1,109 1,163 1,193 1,246 1,301 1, 353 1,434 1, 513 1,591 1,753 145 145 142 149 162 182 179 192 202 233 259 265 268 40 48 57 55 63 54 61 65 66 72 70 70 70 92 113 123 143 175 45 47 43 44 42 41 42 47 54 57 46 47 51 60 69 82 97 34 38 39 37 37 45 50 58 63 59 65 68 68 74 75 82 77 90 57 48 49 58 55 66 75 74 76 87 84 80 95 88 102 110 125 140 94 95 93 104 101 109 114 122 129 126 140 155 141 299 308 338 364 49 57 56 68 71 73 82 88 91 92 100 113 139 148 152 158 170 190 154 168 160 173 268 274 281 303 314 324 348 365 425 439 430 448 479 461 481 495 497 525 1970 January.................................................................................................. February................................................................................................ March...................................................................................................... A pril....................................................................................................... M ay................................................................................................ ......... June........................................................................................................ July....................................................................................................... . August.................................................................................................... September............................................................................................. October................................................................................................... Novem ber.............................................................................................. December............................................................................................... 1, 617 1,632 1,650 1,639 1,648 1,407 1,364 1,395 1,649 1,677 1,711 1,702 357 354 371 369 378 248 235 248 379 372 377 367 176 171 166 168 194 125 115 134 197 196 204 195 144 160 151 155 154 126 99 102 138 163 168 158 73 84 88 82 91 76 73 63 84 92 83 89 78 71 68 72 72 73 74 81 82 75 87 88 125 121 131 132 128 136 125 123 111 118 123 125 172 163 170 167 166 155 171 156 145 142 149 164 493 507 505 494 465 468 472 488 513 520 520 516 1970 January.................................................................................................. February................................................................................................ March...................................................................................................... A pril...................................................................................................... June................................... .................................................................... July.................................. ...................................................................... A ugust................................................................................................... September........................................................................................... October........................................................... ..................................... N ovem ber.............................................................................................. D ecem b er.......................................................................................... 1971 January........................................................ ......................................... February................................................................................................ March.......................................................................................... .......... A p ril............................................. ...................................................... August.................................................................................................. September................. ......................................... ............................... October.................... ......................................................................... . N ovem ber.......................... ..............................................................-Decem ber............................................................................................. N egro See and O ther R aces 276 52 155 footnotes at end of table. 41 T A B L E 7. Persons Not in the Labor Force, by Sex, Color, and A g e , 1947-71 1— Continued [In thousands] Item N egro an d Total, 16 16 and 17 18 and 19 years years years and over 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over O ther K aces—C ontinued Male—Continued 1971 January.................................................................................................. February................................................................................................ March......................................... ............... .......................................... July......................... ................................... ........................................... A u g u s t ............ ................................. ..................... ............................. September............................................................... ............................. October................................. ............ .................................................. N ovem ber.................................. .......................................... ............. December............................................................................................ 1,765 1,801 1,784 1,788 1,808 1,618 1,503 1,579 1,818 1,789 1,839 1,945 382 376 394 383 388 316 223 284 422 402 394 407 224 220 208 220 220 148 116 120 203 186 203 211 173 197 171 165 187 145 147 125 182 196 196 216 86 87 104 102 101 99 82 104 95 93 93 119 82 96 90 97 93 81 66 88 88 81 98 115 137 137 136 141 135 134 156 137 134 134 146 153 166 169 168 169 180 181 180 184 165 160 164 184 515 519 513 511 504 515 536 536 528 538 545 540 Female 1954.......................................... .............. ....................... _............ .......... 1955_________ _________________________________________________ 1956____ _________ _____________ ______________________________ 1957.............................................................. ............... . ............. 1958............................................................................... ......................... 1 9 5 9 ............... ............................................................. ........................ I960*_________________________________________________________ 1961____________________ _______________________________ ______ 1962*................... ............... ..................... ........................ . .................. 1963....................................................................................................... 1964........... ................................. ......................................................... . 1965.......................................... ............ ................................................. 1966.......................................... ............ ............................................ 1967................ ...................... .............................................. ................ 1968.......................................................................................................... 1969.......................................................................................................... 1970......... ................................................................................... ............ 1971.................................... ...................................................... ............ 3,062 3,109 3,089 3,140 3,142 3,216 3,300 3,353 3,468 3,544 3,588 3,666 3,695 3, 773 3,886 3,955 4,095 4,243 210 221 208 224 235 253 261 268 274 300 342 356 356 373 379 385 404 433 167 154 154 163 171 189 175 181 181 188 189 231 238 232 249 264 274 301 330 350 363 356 351 355 370 386 385 389 367 369 389 408 398 423 461 510 687 670 659 682 674 681 697 679 673 658 664 648 639 613 641 640 667 666 507 530 520 506 484 499 519 517 546 562 582 567 554 557 579 577 571 556 415 414 419 418 401 410 419 422 424 429 417 449 447 474 481 478 496 517 322 343 332 345 364 353 363 388 395 397 395 400 408 435 448 455 470 482 425 427 431 446 461 479 497 512 590 625 631 645 664 685 712 733 751 778 1970 January........... .................................................... ............. .................. February............ .......... .............. ....................... ............... .................. March____________________________ ____________________________ A pril------------------ -------------------------------- ----------------------------------M ay__________________________________________________________ June_________________________________________________________ July__________________________________________________________ A ugust_______________________________________________________ September___________________________________________________ October------ -----------------------------------------------------------------------.----N ovem ber____ _______________________________________________ December____________________________________________________ 4,100 4,134 4,099 4,056 4,114 3,920 3,963 4,041 4,180 4,159 4,129 4,244 412 420 432 426 436 341 315 347 442 423 416 438 274 300 309 310 292 214 223 237 284 279 266 303 439 456 464 467 460 457 446 447 476 468 472 483 681 672 625 618 647 656 679 687 687 705 665 681 573 556 564 550 571 572 589 574 574 570 579 584 495 521 510 489 485 480 486 508 494 493 496 496 473 459 455 463 477 455 471 484 463 462 482 495 754 750 740 734 746 744 763 756 760 760 755 764 4,334 4,264 4,268 4,292 4,270 4,200 4,041 4,150 4,248 4,225 4,274 4,356 442 455 444 454 457 410 328 385 458 459 456 446 336 335 312 320 327 256 219 262 308 306 319 308 509 497 506 507 518 498 471 491 513 516 542 560 671 657 639 658 642 717 692 686 661 652 657 659 578 550 549 544 566 559 562 557 562 544 539 563 543 502 538 515 492 505 510 507 517 513 511 548 482 485 497 503 474 473 476 484 456 467 480 510 771 783 783 790 794 783 783 777 774 770 770 763 M ay.................................. ................... ..................... ............................. m i January.................. ........................................................................... F ebruary_______________ _____________________________________ March________________________________________________________ A p ril_________________________________________________________ June-------------------- ------------- ------- ------------------- ------------------------July________ _________________________________________________ A ugust_________________________________________________ _____ Septem ber.___________________________________________________ October____________ ___________________________________ ______ N ovem ber____ ___________________________ ___________________ December__________ __________________ _______________________ 1 Absolute numbers b y color are not available prior to 1954 because population controls b y color were not introduced into the Current Population Survey until that year. Digitized42 for FRASER 2See footnote 1, table 1. T A B L E 8. Reasons for Nonparticipation in the Lab or Force, by A g e and Sex, 1968-71 Age in years Total Nonparticipants by reason for status T housands of 16-19 1968 1969 1970 1971 1968 1969 20-24 1970 1971 1968 1969 1970 1971 P ersons 63,289 53,596 54,275 55,662 7,080 7,126 7,265 7,533 4,586 4,608 4,721 4,993 7,007 In school______________________________________ 111 health, disability....................... - --------------------- 4,340 Home responsibilities---------------------------------------- 32,930 5,640 Retirement, old age________ _____ _____ _______ 667 Think cannot g e t lo b ...-----------------------------------2,804 All other reasons-------------- ------ ------------------------- 7,084 4,453 32,641 5, 795 574 3,049 7,126 4,358 33,088 5,918 638 3,145 7,615 4,632 33,223 6,160 774 3,260 5,263 76 772 5,313 86 747 5,308 75 792 5,601 63 762 1,395 137 2,644 1,397 147 2,606 1,416 143 2,668 1,547 171 2,715 109 859 95 885 120 969 139 968 57 353 58 400 79 416 108 453 Total------ ------------------------------------------------------------- 12,314 12,672 13,065 13,711 3,002 3,059 3,136 3,250 1,057 1,097 1,142 1,269 In school........ ..................- - -------------------------------111 health, disability----- ----------------------------------Home responsibilities------------------------ -------- ------Retirement, old age............... ................................... Think cannot get lo b . ------------------------------------All other reasons________________________ _____ - 3,503 2,119 176 4,968 213 1,335 3,586 2,192 181 5,109 183 1,420 3,618 2,253 221 5,216 221 1,534 3,880 2,390 241 5,405 238 1,557 2,513 34 16 2,566 40 13 2,559 40 14 2,698 36 16 818 53 9 835 56 7 841 55 7 936 72 8 42 396 40 399 66 456 59 439 10 165 15 184 26 212 34 221 Female_______________________________ ________ ___ 40,975 40,924 41,210 41,951 4,078 4,068 4,130 4,284 3,530 3,512 3,580 3,724 In school___________________________ ___________ 3,504 2,221 Ill health, disability__________________ _________ Home responsibilities__________________________ 32,754 572 Retirement, old age____________________ _______ 454 Think cannot get job---------------------------------------' All other reasons_______________________________ 1,468 3,498 2,261 32,461 686 391 1,628 3,508 2,105 32,867 703 417 1,610 3,735 2,242 32,982 755 536 1,702 2,750 42 757 2,748 45 735 2,749 35 777 2,904 27 746 577 84 2,635 562 91 2,599 575 88 2,661 611 100 2,707 67 462 54 487 55 513 80 527 46 187 43 216 52 203 74 232 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 13.1 8.1 61.8 10.4 1.3 5.3 13.2 8.3 60.9 10.8 1.1 5.7 13.1 8.0 61.0 10.9 1.2 5.8 13.7 8.3 59.7 11.1 1.4 5.9 74.3 1.1 10.9 74.6 1.2 10.5 73.1 1.0 10.9 74.4 .8 10.1 30.4 3.0 57.7 30.3 3.2 56.6 30.0 3.0 56.5 31.0 3.4 54.4 1.5 12.1 1.3 12.4 1.7 13.3 1.8 12.9 1.2 7.7 1.3 8.7 1.7 8.8 2.2 9.1 P ercent D istribution Total------------------------ ------ -----------------------------------In school---- -------------------------------------------- -------Ill health, disability-------- ---------------------- -------Home responsibilities--------------------------------------Retirement, old age_______________ ___________ Think cannot get job------ --------------------------------All other reasons_______________________________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 In school______________________________________ HI health, disability___________________________ Home responsibilities---------------------------------------Retirement, old age_____________ _____________ Think cannot get job__________________________ All other reasons__________________ ___________ 28.4 17.2 1.4 40.3 1.7 10.8 28.3 17.3 1.4 40.3 1.4 11.2 27.7 17.2 1.7 39.9 1.7 11.7 28.3 17.4 1.8 39.4 1.7 11.4 83.7 1.1 .5 83.9 1.3 .4 81.6 1.3 .4 83.1 1.1 .5 77.5 5.0 .9 76.1 5.1 .6 73.7 4.8 .6 73.6 5.7 .6 1.4 13.2 1.3 13.0 2.1 14.5 1.8 13.5 .9 15.6 1.4 16.8 2.3 18.6 2.7 17.4 Female___________________________________________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 In school______ _______________________________ 111 health, disability____________________________ Home responsibilities__________________________ Retirement, old age_____ ____ ________ _____ Think cannot get job__________________________ All other reasons_______________________________ 8.6 5.4 79.9 1.4 1.1 3.6 8.5 5.5 79.3 1.7 1.0 4.0 8.5 5.1 79.8 1.7 1.0 3.9 8.9 5.3 78.6 1.8 1.3 4.1 67.4 L0 18.6 67.5 1.1 18.1 66.6 .8 18.8 67.8 .6 17.4 16.4 2.4 74.7 16.0 2.6 74.0 16.1 2.5 74.4 16.4 2.7 72.7 1.6 11.3 1.3 12.0 1.3 12.4 1.9 12.3 1.3 5.3 1.2 6.2 1.5 5.7 2.6 6.2 Male_____________________________________________ See footnotes at end of table. 43 T A B L E 8. Reasons for Nonparticipation in the Labor Force, by A g e and Sex, 1968-71 — Continued A g e in years 25-59 Nonparticipants b y reason for status 60 and over 1968 1969 1970 1971 1968 1969 1970 22,855 22,693 22,706 23,024 18,767 19,169 19, 582 20,112 340 1,995 19,008 57 293 1,162 360 2,085 18, 620 62 255 1,308 391 1,997 18,633 67 296 1,325 457 2,141 18, 567 90 382 1,390 9 2,133 10,506 5,482 208 431 14 2,137 10,666 5,730 166 457 11 2,144 10,996 5,851 143 437 11 2,256 11,177 6,070 147 451 1,659 1,777 1,894 2,073 6,595 6,739 6,892 7,118 In school___ _______________________ ________________________ _____ 111 health, disability.......... ....................................... - ---------- ------------------H om e responsibilities...................... ....................................................... ....... Retirement, old age..................................................... - --------------------------Think cannot get jo b _________ ___________________________- .................. A ll other reasons____________________ _____________- ............ - .................. 170 895 39 50 53 454 183 954 37 58 44 501 217 992 42 62 61 519 245 1,055 53 83 73 662 3 1,137 113 4,916 107 319 3 1,142 124 5,048 83 337 1 1,165 158 5,154 68 345 1,228 163 5,321 73 332 Female...................... ................ .............................................................................- 21,196 20,916 20,812 20,950 12,172 12,429 12,690 12,994 In school.................................................................................- ......................... Ill health, disability....................................... ............................. ............ - - H om e responsibilities................................. ................. ................................. Retirement, old age................... .................................................................... T hink cannot get jo b ........ ........................................... ................................ A ll other reasons......... ................ .............................................- ............ ......... 171 1,100 18,970 7 240 709 178 1,130 18,585 210 808 174 1,002 18,591 7 235 801 210 1,086 18, 514 7 308 825 7 996 10,392 566 101 112 10 995 10,542 682 82 118 10 979 10,839 669 74 92 11 1,028 11,014 748 74 119 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.5 8.7 83.2 .2 1.3 5.1 1.6 9.2 82.1 .3 1.1 5.8 1.7 8.8 82.1 .3 1.3 5.8 2.0 9.3 80.6 1.7 6.0 11.4 56.0 29.2 1.1 2.3 .1 11.1 55.6 29.9 .9 2.4 .1 10.9 56.2 29.9 .7 2.2 .1 11.2 55.6 30.2 .7 2.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0) (0 0) 16.9 2.3 74.8 1.0 5.0 17.3 2.3 74.8 1.0 4.7 100.0 100.0 .1 85.4 5.5 .6 .1 7.6 84.9 5.8 .8 .7 .9 T housands of 1971 P ersons In school---------------------- ------- ---------- --------------- ---------- -----------------------111 health, disability------------------- ---------- -------------------------------------------Hom e responsibilities--------------------------- --------------------- ---------- -----------Retirement, old age_________________________________________________ T hink cannot get jo b ________________________________________________ A ll other reasons------------------------------ ------------------------------- ---------------- 4 P ercent D istribution In s c h o o l.............. ............. ............ ................................ ..............................111 health, disability.......... .............. ...........................................................- H om e responsibilities----------------- ------------------------------------------------------Retirement, old age............ .............. . . ...........................- ......................... . Think cannot get jo b ........ ............................................................ - ....................- - A ll other reasons.............. ................................... ...........................- ........................... .4 0) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 111 health, disability ______- - ______________________ H om e responsibilities___________________ ________________ ___________________ Retirem ent, old age _____________________________________ ___________ ________________________ T h in k cannot get jo b ----------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A ll other reasons------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------ - - 10.2 53.9 2.3 3.0 3.2 27.3 10.3 53.7 2.1 3.3 2.5 28.2 11.5 52.4 2.2 3.3 3.2 27.4 11.8 50.9 2.6 4.0 3.5 27.1 Fem ale_____________________ _______ _________________________- .................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 In school____ ______________________________________________________ 111 health, disability______________________ _______________ ____ _____ H om e responsibilities______________ ___________________ _____________ Retirement, old age....................... ........................................ ....................... Think cannot get jo b ........................................................ ............................ A ll other reasons________________________ - ............ - ................................ .8 5.2 89.5 0) 1.1 3.3 .9 5.4 88.9 0) 1.0 3.9 .8 4.8 89.3 0) 1.1 3.8 1.0 5.2 88.4 0) 1.5 3.9 .1 8.2 85.4 4.6 .8 .1 8.0 84.8 5.5 Tn c p h n n l i L ess than 0.05 percent. 44 17.2 1.7 74.5 1.6 4.8 .9 17.0 1.8 79.9 1.2 5.0 .7 .9 7.7 N o t e : B ecause of rounding, sum s of in d iv id u a l item s m a y n o t eq u al totals. T A B L E 9. Reasons for Nonparticipation in the Lab or Force, by A g e , Color, and Sex, 1968-71 Age in years Total Nonparticipants b y reason for status 16-24 25-59 1968 1969 1970 1971 1968 1969 Male (in thousands)______________________________________________ 10,881 11,164 11,475 11,961 3,496 3,566 In school______ _________________________________ _________ 111 health, disability....................................... .................. ................ Hom e responsibilities...................................... ................................ Retirement, old age.................................................... ...................... T hink cannot get jo b _______________ ________________________ A ll other reasons....................... .......................................................... 3,041 1,717 156 4,644 166 1,156 3,094 1,800 156 4,768 147 1,198 3,108 l) 876 185 4,848 169 1,288 3,289 1,933 2,895 2 935 80 5,028 180 1,320 35 480 40 490 68 68 552 546 Female (in thousands)........................ ...................................................... 6,582 6,508 6,570 6,763 1970 60 and over 1971 1968 1969 1970 1971 1968 1969 1970 3,627 3,791 1,359 1,444 1,541 1,678 6,026 6,153 6,307 6,490 2,924 71 14 3,075 83 19 144 706 34 49 40 388 155 757 28 55 36 413 185 802 31 57 44 422 213 826 45 79 53 462 2 3 945 4 594 92 290 963 108 4 711 70 296 1,003 141 4 791 56 314 1,025 147 4 949 60 310 19,270 18,999 18,844 18,972 11,237 11,462 11,706 11,972 7 817 9,707 514 93 8 10 11 803 10,105 637 62 87 841 10,274 669 70 108 100.0 1971 W hite 211 66 20 20 37,089 36,969 37,119 37,708 3,025 In school............................................................................................. 1,749 Ill health, disability............................................................................ H om e responsibilities____________ ______________ _____________ 30,175 621 Retirement, old age............................................................................ T h in k cannot get jo b ......................................................................... 357 A ll other reasons..............................................................- .................. 1,263 2,980 1,777 29,898 623 299 1,892 3,948 1,663 30,134 643 325 1,406 3,115 1,767 30,285 675 409 1,455 2,873 95 2,990 2,826 104 2,931 2,795 91 2,990 2,932 89 3,016 83 540 68 582 81 612 ............................................ .................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 In sohool __________ 111 health, disability............................................................................ H om e responsibilities. .......... ............................................................ Retirement, old age. . .................................................................. T hink cannot get jo b .......................................................................... A ll other reasons...................................... .......................................... 28.0 16.8 1.4 42.7 1.5 27.1 16.4 27.5 16.2 82.8 1.9 82 3 10.6 27.7 16.1 1.4 42.7 1.3 10.7 Female (percent distribution)............................................................... 100.0 In school______________1________________________ ____ ________ Ill health, disability_________________________________________ Hom e responsibilities......... .............................. .............................. Retirement, nld age __________ T hink cannot get jo b .............................................. ........................... A ll other reasons_______________ ______________________ ______ 8.2 4.7 81.4 1.4 4.8 80.9 1.7 Male (percent distribution) S e e fo o t n o t e a t e n d o f ta b le . 2.2 .6 102 146 853 17,132 3 159 705 143 769 17,037 7 183 704 174 836 16,994 i 02 623 145 836 17,478 7 182 624 100 820 9,836 620 73 106 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 80 6 2io .4 81.1 10.6 10.7 52.4 1.9 3 8 2.5 28.6 12 0 52! 0 2.0 m/ v 15.7 1.7 76.2 1.5 4.8 mV V 15.7 m V .v . 15.9 3 7 2.9 27.4 12.7 49! 2 2.7 4.7 3.2 27.5 76 6 l!l 4.8 76.0 .9 5.0 15.8 2.3 76 2 !9 4.8 100.0 2.2 6 237 726 11.2 11.0 1.0 1.1 13.7 13.7 1.9 15.2 14.4 51.9 2.5 3.6 2.9 28.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.1 7.9 4.5 81.2 1.7 .9 3.8 8.3 4.7 80.3 43.7 1.4 45.4 43.4 42.5 1.4 45.5 43.4 1.3 44.6 .8 .8 .8 4.5 90.2 0) 4.1 90.4 (l) .9 4.4 89.6 (l) .1 .1 .1 .1 !8 3.7 3.8 .’ 6 3.7 .9 .9 6.9 86.3 5.4 .*5 .7 7.0 85.8 5 6 3.9 1.0 1.2 7.2 85.8 5 4 8.2 .8 7.3 86.4 4.6 1.0 .8 3.4 ===== 3.8 1.6 1.8 42.3 1.5 42.0 1.5 1.8 1.1 .6 1.3 1.6 45.0 1.0 1.2 8.9 9.3 .5 1.8 4.3 90.7 (l) 1.5 .9 9.2 3.2 ===== 1.8 2.2 !6 .9 T A B L E 9. Reasons for Nonparticipation in the Lab or Force, by A g e , Color, and Sex, 1 9 6 8 -7 1 — Continued Age in years Total 60 and over 25-69 16-24 Nonparticipants b y reason for status N egro and 1968 1969 1970 1971 1,433 1,508 1,590 1,750 1968 1969 1970 1971 1968 1969 1970 1971 1968 196) 1970 1971 O th er R aces M ale (in th o u sa n d s).............................................. ...................................... 563 589 651 729 301 333 355 393 570 58 586 628 26 198 9 4 9 88 32 192 10 4 16 100 31 229 8 3 19 100 192 11 322 15 31 179 16 337 13 42 161 18 363 13 31 203 16 373 14 23 In sch ool................................................................................................. Ill h ea lth , d isa b ility ...... ..................................................................... H o m e resp on sib ilities - ....................................................................... R etirem en t, o ld a g e ............................................................................. T h in k can n ot get Job.......................................................................... A ll oth er reasons .................................................................................. 462 402 20 323 47 180 492 392 25 341 36 222 510 377 36 368 53 247 491 457 30 376 58 238 436 22 3 465 15 477 24 8 558 26 6 18 84 16 93 24 116 26 114 26 188 5 1 14 65 F em ale (in th o u sa n d s)......................... -.................................................... 3,886 3,955 4,092 4,243 1,026 1,071 1,140 1,244 1,925 1,915 1,967 1,978 ST 967 984~ 485 32 404 529 33 447 584 37 437 25 265 1,492 31 277 1,451 32 234 1,554 31 109 121 31 26 105 51 136 58 84 53 103 52 97 36 250 1,521 1 72 101 179 685 52 9 12 1 174 707 62 9 12 175 733 59 14 4 187 740 79 4 13 1,021 I n sch ool------ ------ -......................................................................... Ill h ealth , d is a b ility ............................................................................ H om e r esp o n sib ilities......................................................................... R etirem en t, o ld a g e ............................................................................ T h in k can n ot get jo b .......................................................................... A ll oth er reasons.................................................................................. 479 473 2,580 52 98 205 518 483 2,563 62 92 236 560 442 2,734 59 92 206 619 474 2,697 80 127 247 454 28 403 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 mo 100.0 100.0 100.0 M ale (percent d istr ib u tio n )............................ -........................................ In sch ool....................... ......................................................................... I ll h ealth , d is a b ility ........ .................................................................... H om e resp o n sib ilities................................. ........................................ R e tirem en t, old a g e ...... ..................................................................... T h in k can n ot get jo b ........ .................................................................. A ll oth er reason s.......... ...........-.......................................................... 32.6 28.0 1.4 22.5 3.3 12.6 32.6 26.0 1.7 22.6 2.4 14.7 32.1 23.7 2.3 23.1 3.3 15.5 33.8 26.1 1.7 21.5 3.3 13.6 77.4 3.9 .5 79.1 2.6 73.5 3.7 1.2 76.5 3.4 .8 3.2 14.9 2.6 15.8 3.7 17.9 3.6 15.6 8.7 62.9 1.7 .3 4.7 21.7 7.8 59.3 2.7 1.2 2.7 26.3 9.0 54.2 2.8 1.1 4.5 28.2 7.9 58.7 2.1 .8 4.9 25.6 33.6 1.9 56.4 2.6 5.4 30.5 2.7 47.5 2.2 7.2 27.5 3.1 61.9 2.2 5.3 32.3 2.5 59.3 2.2 3.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 F em ale (percent d is tr ib u tio n )................................................................. 1.8 12.6 76.8 .1 3.6 5.1 19.1 73.1 5.5 1.0 1.3 .1 18.0 73.3 6.4 .9 1.2 17.8 74.4 6.0 1.4 .4 18.3 72.3 7.7 .4 1.3 In sch ool.................................................................................... -.......... I ll h ealth , d is a b ility ........ ................................................................... H o m e resp o n sib ilities....... .................................................................. R etirem en t, old a g e.............. -............ -............................................. T h in k can n ot get jo b ............... .......................................................... *i A ll oth er reasons__________________-......................... ................ i Less than 0.05 percent. 12.3 12.2 66.4 1.3 2.5 5.3 13.1 12.2 64.8 1.6 2.3 6.0 13.7 10.8 66.8 1.4 2.2 5.0 14.6 11.2 63.5 1.9 3.0 5.8 44.3 2.7 39.3 45.2 3.0 37.7 46.4 2.9 39.2 46.9 2.0 35.1 1.3 13.8 77.5 1.6 14.6 75.8 1.6 11.9 78.9 3.0 10.6 2.9 11.3 2.3 9.2 4.1 10.9 3.0 4.4 2.8 5.4 2.6 4.9 T A B L E 10. Lab or Force Status of the Civilian Noninstittftional Population, by School Enrollment, Sex, and A g e , O ctober 1947-71 [Persons 14 to 24 years old for 1947-67; 16 to 24 years old for 1967-71] Male School enrollment and year Both sexes, 14 to 24 years Total, 14 to 24 years Female 14 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Total 14 and 15 16 and 17 |18 and 19 Total, 14 to 24 years 14 to 19 years 20 to 24 years Total 14 and 15 16 and 17 |18 and 19 Population (thousands) E nrolled 1947............................ 1948............................ 1949............................ 1960............................ 1961............................ 1962............................ 1953............................ 1954............................ 1956............................ 1956............................ 1957............................ 1958............................ 1959............................ 1960...................... 1961............................ 1962.......................... 1963............................ 1964............................ 1965............................ 1966............................ 1967............................ 1967».......................... 1968............................ 1969.......................... 1970............................ 1971............... ............ 8,927 9,061 8,846 9,189 9,036 9,406 9,700 10,052 10,212 11,013 11,812 12,317 12,719 13,409 14,582 15,609 16,592 17,258 18,323 19,016 19,663 12,290 12j 858 13; 442 13| 607 H 264 4,898 5,015 4,866 4,982 4,750 5,000 5,122 5,410 5,534 5,915 6,323 6,667 6,849 7,247 7,863 8,421 8,947 9,228 9,861 10,278 10,471 6,733 L 120 7, 409 7,420 7', 795 3,951 4,118 4,040 4,248 4,148 4,370 4,486 4,732 4,848 5,085 5,426 5,752 5,957 6,311 6,875 7,244 7,582 7,896 8,302 8,611 8,609 4,871 5' 254 5; 338 Si 359 5', 578 15,330 14,906 14,782 14,159 13,034 12,310 11,731 11,696 11,980 11,833 11,917 12,208 12,613 12,995 13,465 13,304 13,572 14,163 14,435 14,688 14,904 14,771 14,971 15,403 16,644 17,276 6,808 6,606 6,574 6,291 5,340 4,776 4,442 4,436 4,655 4,706 4,794 4,935 5,240 5,428 5,638 5,409 5,495 5,857 5,887 5,781 5,889 5,823 5,799 6,009 6,840 7,265 2,182 2,065 2,015 1,883 1,742 1,674 1,648 1,575 1,544 1,508 1,476 1,489 .1,576 1,654 1,722 1,563 1,530 1,593 1,806 1,744 1,661 1,595 1 547 1,603 1,865 1,892 3,364 3,436 3,447 3,568 3,614 3,758 2,214 2,232 2,285 2,482 2,729 2,751 2,716 2,878 3,394 3,576 3,466 3,479 3,546 3,640 3,738 1,630 1,770 1,811 1,794 1,917 2,103 2,323 2,370 2,an 2,456 2,936 3,179 3,067 3,130 3,235 3,235 3)363 3)452 3,537 3)639 587 682 593 680 534 612 642 730 752 809 780 898 918 1,063 1,170 1,212 1,180 1,238 1,689 1,841 1,636 1,636 1,891 1,886 1,822 1,939 947 898 827 733 602 630 636 677 686 830 897 915 892 936 988 1,177 1,365 1,332 1,559 1,667 1,862 1,862 1,866 2,071 2,061 2,217 4,029 4,046 3,981 4,207 4,286 4,406 4,579 4,642 4,677 5,098 5,489 5,651 5,870 6,162 6,719 7,188 7,645 8,030 8,462 8,738 9,192 5,557 5,738 6,033 6,187 6,469 3,793 3,840 3,766 3,939 4,042 4,132 4,233 4,320 4,353 4,736 5,050 5,258 5,479 5,748 6,240 6,640 6,996 7,314 7,661 7,858 8,053 4,418 4,616 4,724 4,891 5,080 3,373 3,388 3,331 3,420 3,602 3,682 2,145 2,145 2,231 2,404 2,599 2,664 2,603 2,763 3,227 3,422 3,347 3,353 3,434 3,526 3,635 502 418 423 450 398 406 418 435 418 364 349 363 420 351 323 323 305 315 338 328 1,282 1,306 1,286 1,224 1,114 1,032 1,063 1,067 1,018 984 1,021 994 1,097 1,158 1,237 1,154 1,135 1,196 1,351 1,346 1,272 1,272 1,242 1,288 1,527 1,564 4,626 4,542 4,558 4,408 3,598 3,102 2,795 2,861 3, 111 3,198 3,318 3,446 3,664 3,774 3,916 3,846 3,965 4,264 4,081 4,037 4,228 4,228 4,252 4,406 4,975 5,373 8,521 8,299 8,208 7,868 7,694 7,534 7,289 7,260 7,326 7,127 7,123 7,273 7,373 7,567 7,827 7,895 8,077 8,306 8,548 8,907 9,015 8,948 9,172 9,394 9,804 10, Oil 2,703 2,530 2,545 2,348 2,254 2,242 2,194 2,224 2,329 2,189 2,223 2,250 2,249 2,361 2,520 2,442 2,410 2,451 2,544 2,702 2,593 2,526 2,437 2,495 2,542 2,552 SI55 760 797 735 628 652 75 103 90 80 102 86 80 66 93 95 67 62 44 56 67 482 543 608 758 782 588 570 718 769 936 962 928 1,068 1,051 1,135 1,143 1,260 1,312 1,545 1,665 1,800 1,275 1,362 1,627 1,700 1,682 393 478 502 614 656 512 197 203 282 310 310 285 357 336 439 413 348 388 410 407 525 1,550 1,637 1,642 1,734 1,822 1,927 2,193 2,231 2,231 2,286 2,768 3,003 2,986 2,997 3,028 3,028 3,192 3,259 3,389 3,463 420 452 435 519 440 450 538 538 480 598 629 667 683 754 782 932 881 958 1,241 1,335 1,390 1,390 1,424 1,465 1,502 1,617 236 206 215 268 244 274 346 322 324 362 439 393 391 414 479 548 649 716 801 880 1,139 1,139 1,122 1,309 1,296 1,389 577 541 584 522 510 565 514 537 477 516 496 505 452 444 465 465 406 455 435 441 1,848 1,770 1,748" 1,613 1,626 1,590 1,542 1,580 1,655 1,587 1,611 1,599 1,655 1,587 1,950 1,831 1,847 1,884 2,048 2,202 2,061 2,061 2,031 2,040 2,107 2,111 5,818 5,770 5,664 5,520 5,440 5,292 5,094 5,035 4,997 4,938 4,900 5,023 5,124 5,206 5,307 5,453 5,667 5,855 6,004 6,205 6,422 6,422 6,735 6,899 7, 262 7,459 N ot E nrolled 1947............................ 1948............................ 1949............................ 1950............................ 1951............................ 1952............................ 1953............................ 1654............................ 1955............................ 1956............................ 1967............... ........... 1958............................ 1959............................ 1960............................ 1961............................ 1962............................ 1963.......................... . 1 9 6 4 ......................... 1965............................ 1966........ ............ . 1967.......................... . 1967 1.......................... 1968............................ 1969............................ 1970...... .......... .......... 1971........................ .. 9(yo 759 729 659 628 642 83 90 103 74 57 89 61 61 67 45 46 34 35 47 66 Labor force (thousands) E nrolled 1947............................ 1948............................ 1949............................ 1950............................ 1951............................ 1 9 5 2 ........................ 1953........ ................... 1954.......................... . 1955.......................... 1956........................... 1957________ _______ 1958________ _____ 1959__________ _____ 1960_______________ 1961__________ _____ 1962____ __________ 1963_____ _________ 1964............. .............. 1965_______________ 1966____ ___________ 1967__________ _____ 1967 *______ _______ 1968.____ _________ 1969 ..................... 1970_______________ 1971_______________ (*) 1,855 1,877 2,421 2,290 1,980 1,888 2,332 2,706 3,007 3,161 3,116 3,373 3,390 3,551 3,872 4,220 4,315 5,075 5,284 5,842 4,674 4,942 5,570 5,535 5,801 (*) 1,265 1,197 1,575 1,428 1,310 1,226 1,496 1,801 1,894 1,990 2,037 2,128 2,171 2,223 2,481 2,711 2,732 3,213 3,276 3,544 2,901 3,091 3,302 3,181 3,460 893 1,023 938 1,311 1,184 1,138 1,061 1,231 1,515 1,512 1,575 1,585 1,683 1,757 1,734 1,860 2,030 2,092 2,449 2,498 2,623 1,980 2,136 2,231 2,125 2,297 744 833 775 1066 1012 946 382 462 510 547 582 514 574 580 617 651 608 612 698 604 643 473 569 675 646 694 762 779 806 735 786 989 1,034 1,140 1,204 1,324 1,324 1,325 1,410 1,375 1,462 149 190 163 245 172 192 206 200 330 319 299 309 330 371 382 423 433 446 611 690 656 656 811 821 750 835 (a) 241 258 264 244 172 165 265 286 382 415 452 445 414 489 621 681 640 764 778 921 921 955 1,071 1,056 1,163 (*) 590 680 846 862 670 662 836 905 1,113 1,171 1,079 1,245 1,219 1,328 1,391 1,509 1,583 1,862 2,008 2,298 1,773 1,851 2,268 2,354 2,341 277 389 352 464 485 432 515 505 461 527 659 863 775 811 842 842 909 1,090 1,134 1,084 89 65 106 144 126 76 96 126 135 162 167 211 196 210 235 203 253 241 360 447 433 433 453 537 566 598 (*) 48 72 87 80 82 92 118 136 177 209 151 177 168 193 248 249 271 317 343 498 498 489 641 654 659 See footnotes at end of table. 47 T A B L E 10. Lab or Force Status of the Civilian Noninstitutional Population, by School Enrollment, Sex, and A g e , O ctober 1947-71 — Continued Male School enrollm ent and year B oth sexes, 14 to 24 years T otal, 14 to 24 years F em ale 14 to 19 years 20 to 24 years T o ta l 14 and 15 16 and 17 18 and 19 T otal, 14 to 24 years 14 to 19 years T o ta l 20 to 24 years 14 and 15 16 and 17 18 and 19 L abor force (thousands) N ot E n r o l l e d 1947............................... 1948............................... 1949............................... 1950............................... 1951............................... 1952............................... 1953............................... 1954............................... 1955............................... 1956............................... 1957............................... 1958............................... 1959............................... 1960............................... 1961............................... 1962............................... 1963............................... 1964............................... 1965............................... 1966............................... 1967............................... 1967 *............................. 1968............................... 1969............................... 1970.............................. 1 9 7 1 ........................ (2) 10,421 10,306 10,049 8,920 8,194 7,823 7,691 8,155 8,073 7,975 8,296 8,530 8,913 9,230 9,149 9,314 9,892 10,131 10,333 10,534 10,500 10,597 11,178 12,169 12,698 (2) 6,304 6,181 5,958 5,064 4,438 4,204 4,044 4,400 4,390 4,507 4,643 4,931 5,124 5,228 5,071 5,158 5,490 5,518 5,414 5,454 5,434 5,313 5,580 6, 288 6,680 2,007 1,928 1,839 1,750 1,570 1,526 1,518 1,362 1,393 1,314 1,309 1,323 1,385 1,458 1,468 1,369 1,354 1,373 1,588 1,468 1,382 1,362 1,308 1,383 1,580 1,627 8()8 680 625 578 512 566 65 52 54 40 31 56 31 27 32 26 20 10 14 18 20 1963............................ 1964............................ 1965........................ . 1966............................ 1967............................ 1967 i.......................... 1968............................ 1969............................ 1970........................... 1971........................... N ot E nrolled 1947............................ 1948............................ 1949............................ 1950............................ 1951............................ 1952............................ 1953............................ 1954............................ 1955............................ 1956............................ 1957............................ 1958............................ 1959............................ 1960............. ............. 1961............. ............. 1962........................ . 1963............. ............. 1964...................... 1965............................ 1966......................... 1967............................ 1967 i ........................ 1968 ............... ....... 1969 ...................... 1970 . . 1971 _____________ (2) 4,376 4,342 4,209 3,494 2,912 2,685 2,682 3,007 3,076 3,198 3,320 3,546 3,666 3,760 3,702 3,804 4,117 3,930 3,946 4,072 4,072 4,005 4,197 4,708 5,053 (2) 4,117 4,125 4,091 3,856 3,756 3,620 3,647 3,755 3,683 3,467 3,653 3,599 3,789 4,002 4,078 4,156 4,402 4,613 4,919 5,080 5,066 5,284 5,598 5,881 6,018 1,592 1,462 1,461 1,359 1,280 1,310 1,270 1,214 1,324 1,241 1,234 1,233 1,201 1,357 1,436 1,365 1,360 1,368 1,502 1,593 1,525 1,511 1,436 1,552 1,521 1,488 (2) 3,456 3,301 3,361 3,424 3,736 3,917 3,806 3,772 3,985 4,318 4,572 4,625 4,943 5,391 5,797 6,136 6,447 6,600 6,730 6,894 3,784 3,887 3,765 3,833 4,128 3,311 3,297 3,158 3,181 3,260 3,544 3,663 3,602 3,584 3,800 4,088 4,330 4,411 4,697 5,105 5,497 5,736 6,002 6,116 6,193 6,253 3,143 3,254 3,097 3,191 3,398 (2) 4,182 4,083 3,777 3,838 3,778 3,669 3,613 3,571 3,444 3,656 3,620 3,774 3,778 3,825 3,817 3,921 3,904 3,935 3,988 3,935 3,882 3,888 3,796 3,923 3,993 1, 111 1,068 1,084 989 974 932 924 1,010 1,005 948 989 1,017 1,048 1,004 1,084 1,077 1,050 1,083 1,042 1,109 1,068 1,015 1,001 943 1,021 1,064 288 228 276 259 225 258 230 273 243 223 217 215 194 196 200 200 158 206 179 196 1,128 1,040 1,062 979 984 960 959 957 1,025 959 993 949 951 1,060 1,173 1,130 1,133 1,135 1,297 1,385 1,311 1,311 1,278 1,346 1,342 1,292 (2) 2,655 2,664 2,732 2,576 2,446 2,350 2,433 2,431 2,442 2,234 2,420 2,398 2,432 2,566 2,713 2,796 3,034 3,111 3,326 3,555 3,555 3,848 4,046 4,360 4,530 ( 2) 1,273 1,248 1,290 1,270 1,337 1,495 1,678 1,726 1,770 1,759 2,109 2,320 2,211 2,186 2,186 2,186 2,283 2,169 2, 255 2,379 331 387 329 375 314 374 442 412 345 436 462 456 487 544 547 729 628 717 881 888 957 957 971 928 936 1,019 464 422 399 380 296 350 23 29 23 23 16 26 20 24 20 12 10 18 11 12 14 N o t in labor force (thousands; E nrolled 1947 ................ 1948 ................ 1949.................................. 1950..................... ............. 1951.................................. 1952.................................. 1953. ................................ 1954.................................. 1955.................................. 1956.................................. 1957.................................. 1958.................................. 1959.................................. 1960.................................. 1961.................................. 1962.................................. 434 355 374 382 331 343 335 356 321 278 273 263 342 258 244 244 217 247 256 241 1,199 1,248 1,214 1,172 1,058 960 1,019 955 965 892 947 924 1,019 1,075 1,115 1,065 1,061 1,100 1,232 1,192 1,118 1,118 1,091 1,136 1,324 1,386 (2) 7,206 6,969 6 ,768 6 ,7 4 6 7 ,4 2 6 7,812 7,720 7,506 8 ,0 0 6 8,651 9 ,201 9 ,3 4 6 10,019 11,031 3 ,7 5 0 3,6 6 9 3 ,407 3 ,3 2 2 3,-690 3,8 9 6 3 ,9 1 4 3 ,7 3 3 4,021 4 ,3 3 3 4 ,6 3 0 4,7 2 1 5,076 5,640 11,737 12,372 12,943 13,248 13,732 13,821 7,616 7,916 7,872 8,072 8,463 5,940 6,236 6,496 6,648 7,002 6,927 3,832 4,029 4,107 4,239 4,335 (2) 4,485 4,476 4,110 4,114 4,116 3,908 4,005 3,825 3,760 3,942 3,912 4,083 4,082 4,235 4,155 4,258 4,271 4,304 4,355 4,370 4,271 4,374 4,225 4,475 4,578 (2) 302 393 333 276 338 238 392 255 316 287 292 309 304 410 338 337 367 369 367 435 389 486 429 552 585 3 ,0 5 8 3 ,0 9 5 3 ,102 2 ,937 2 ,9 6 4 3 ,2 3 2 3 ,4 2 5 3,501 3 ,3 3 3 3,5 7 3 3,851 4 ,167 4 ,2 7 4 4 ,5 5 4 2 ,6 2 0 2 ,6 0 3 2 ,6 7 2 2 ,502 2 ,602 2 .8 1 2 1,832 1,770 1,775 1,935 2 ,1 4 7 2 ,2 3 7 2 ,1 4 2 2 ,2 9 8 5,141 5,384 5,552 5,804 5,853 6,113 5,986 2,891 3,118 3,107 3,234 3,281 2,777 2,925 2,858 2,867 2,848 3,036 3,095 175 137 176 133 172 148 130 213 151 194 167 166 191 196 254 194 176 220 218 276 279 233 239 1,157 1,201 1,136 1,148 1,223 1,341 1, 544 1,564 438 492 430 435 362 420 436 530 422 490 481 589 588 692 1,576 1,670 1,947 2,145 1,927 1,926 1,911 1,911 2,038 2,042 2,162 2,177 788 789 747 792 1,078 1,151 980 980 1,080 1,065 1,072 1,104 68 63 49 68 67 63 83 79 97 86 76 100 78 93 83 58 72 52 56 72 44 112 53 92 74 70 78 83 122 89 74 96 119 154 154 154 151 152 203 178 92 79 104 81 116 76 18 38 49 34 26 33 30 34 35 19 26 24 21 29 46 79 79 88 220 68 285 265 82 87 1 D a ta revised to refer to persons 16 years and over in accordance w ith th e changes in age lim it and concepts introduced in 1967. Digitized 4for 8 FRASER (2) 657 569 469 358 458 471 412 400 448 482 463 447 522 499 556 684 692 795 889 941 941 911 1,000 1,005 1,054 (2) 166 216 199 104 190 110 179 104 122 120 126 118 108 156 144 161 147 151 91 156 156 247 209 267 320 2 N o t available, 2,980 2,910 2,829 2,806 2,946 3.170 1,948 1,942 1,949 2,094 2,289 2,379 2,246 2,427 2,788 3,009 2,999 2,965 3,024 3,119 3,110 391 338 398 355 332 302 52 74 67 57 86 60 60 42 73 83 57 44 33 44 53 289 313 308 263 285 307 284 264 234 293 279 290 258 248 265 265 248 249 256 245 720 730 686 634 642 630 583 623 630 628 618 650 704 698 777 701 714 749 751 817 750 750 753 694 765 819 158 143 181 164 192 254 204 188 185 230 242 244 246 286 300 400 445 484 537 642 641 681 668 648 730 ( 2) i 3,115 3,000 2,788 2,864 2,846 2,744 2,602 2, 566 2,496 2,666 2,603 2, 726 2,774 2,741 2,740 2,871 2,821 2,893 2,879 2,867 2,867 2,887 2,853 2,902 2,929 T A B L E 11. Labor Force Participation Rates for Civilian Noninstitutional Population, by School Enrollment, Sex, and A g e, October 1947-71 [Rates for persons 14 to 24 years old for 1947-67; 16 to 24 years old for 1967-71] Male S chool enrollm ent and year B oth sexes, 14 to 24 years T o ta l, 14 to 24 years Fem ale 14 to 19 years 20 to 24 years T o ta l 14 and 15 16 and 17 T o ta l, 14 to 24 years 18 and 19 14 to 19 years 20 to 24 years T o ta l 14 and 15 16 and 17 | 18 and 19 L a bor force p a rticip a tio n rate 2 E n ro lled 1947............ ........... .. 1948___________ _____ _ 1 9 4 9 .............................. 1950_________________ 1951_________________ 1952................................ 1953................................. 1954__________________ 1955........ ........................ 1956...................... .......... 1957.................. .............. 1958_____ ____________ 1959........ .................. I 9 6 0 .............. ................ 1961__________________ 1962........... ................... 1963_________________ 1964_________________ 1965_____ ___________ 1966................................ 1967_________________ 1967*........ ..................... 1968.. . 1969................. ........... 1970. 1971. 0) 20.5 21.2 26.3 25.3 21.0 19.5 23.2 26.5 27.3 26.8 25.3 26.5 25.3 24.4 24.8 25.4 25.0 27.7 27.8 29.7 0) 25.2 24.6 31.6 30.0 26.2 23.9 27.7 32.5 32.0 31.5 30.6 31.1 30.0 28.3 29.5 30.3 29.6 32.6 31.9 33.8 22.6 24.8 23.2 30.9 28.5 26.0 23.7 26.0 31.2 29.7 29.0 27.6 28.3 27.8 25.2 25.7 26.8 26.5 29.5 29.0 30.5 38.0 38.4 41.4 40.7 40.7 43.1 43.4 44.6 42.9 44.4 40.6 40.7 41.8 39.7 41.2 0) 0) 0) (l) 0) 0) 17.3 20.7 22.3 22.0 21.3 18.7 21.1 20.2 18.2 18.2 17.5 17.6 19.7 16.6 17.2 0) 0) 0) 0) (1) C1) 29.0 32.1 37.3 36.0 36.2 36.2 33.5 34.0 31.8 32.0 33.7 32.5 37.2 38.5 40.9 25.4 27.9 27.5 36.0 32.2 31.4 32.1 27.4 43.9 39.4 38.3 34.4 35.9 34.9 32.6 34.9 36.7 36.0 36.2 37.5 40.1 0) 26.8 31.2 36.0 40.5 27.3 25.9 39.1 41.7 46.0 46.3 49.4 49.9 44.2 49.5 52.8 49.9 48.0 49.0 46.7 49.5 0) 14.6 17.1 20.1 20.1 15.2 14.5 18.0 19.4 21.8 21.3 19.1 21.2 19.8 19.8 19.4 19.7 19.7 22.0 23.0 25.0 12.7 14.1 16.1 19.2 19.3 14.2 13.5 16.6 17.7 19.8 19.0 17.6 19.5 18.3 18.2 17.2 18.0 17.9 20.2 21.2 22.4 40.9 39.4 40.8 38.9 40. 2 40.1 42.9 43.5 41. 2 43.1 49.5 51.2 51.7 51.2 52.5 31.9 32.3 37.6 38.0 36.2 28.9 29.5 34.4 34.8 33.1 0) (l) 0) C1) ( 1) 0) 9.2 9.5 12.6 12.9 11.9 10.7 13.7 12.2 13.6 12.1 10.4 11.6 11.9 11.5 14.4 0) (0 0) 0) (l) 0) 17.9 23.8 21.4 26.8 26.6 22.4 23.5 22.6 20.7 23.1 23.8 22.7 26.0 27.1 27.8 21.2 14.4 24.4 27.7 28.6 16.9 17.8 23.4 28.1 27.1 26.6 31.6 28.7 27.9 30.1 21.8 28.7 25.2 29.0 33.5 31.2 0) 23.3 33.5 32.5 32.8 29.9 26.6 36.6 42.0 48.9 47.6 38.4 45.3 40.6 40.3 45.3 38.4 37.8 39.6 39.0 43.7 27.8 28.5 33.4 33.5 31.3 31.2 31.8 36.7 37. 7 37.0 43.7 43.6 49.0 50.5 47.4 N ot E n r o l l e d 1947_________ _____ 1948.................. .......... 1949________ ________ 1950_______ ________ 195 1 .............. ............ 1952._____ _________ 1953________________ 1954________________ 1955............................ 1956.______ ________ 1957.____ ___________ 1958________________ 1959________________ 1960________________ 1961_____ ___________ 1962________________ 1963________________ 1964________________ 1965________________ 1966._____ _________ 1967________________ 1967 4___ 1968............. ................ 1969________________ 1970......................... 1971________________ 0) 69.9 69.7 71.0 68.4 66.6 66.7 65.8 68.1 68.2 66.9 68.0 67.6 68.6 68.5 68.8 68.6 69.8 70.2 70.3 70.7 71.1 70.8 72.6 73.1 73.5 0) 95.4 94.0 94.7 94.8 92.9 94.6 91.2 94.5 93.3 94.0 94.1 94.1 94.4 92.7 93.8 93.9 93.7 93.7 93.7 92.6 93.3 91.6 88.4 91.9 91.9 92.0 93.4 91.3 92.9 90.1 91.2 92.1 86.5 90.2 87.1 88.7 88.9 87.9 88.1 85.2 87.6 88.5 86.2 87.9 84.2 83.2 85.4 84.6 81.6 84.7 86.0 0) (l) 0) 0) 0) V) (*) (*) (*) (*) (*) (») («) («) (») (>) (•) (») («) (1 3) 2 (5) 0) 0) 0) 0) (l) 0) 86.5 84.9 88.4 84.9 83.2 84.5 80.1 81.8 76.8 76.4 78.2 72.5 81.4 73.5 75.5 75. 5 71.1 78.4 75.7 73.5 1N ot available. 2Percent of the civilian noninstitutional population in the civilian labor force. * Percent not shown where base is less than 100,000. 93.5 95.6 94.4 95.8 95.0 93.0 95.9 89.5 94.8 90.7 92.8 93.0 92.9 92.8 90.1 92.3 93.5 92.0 91.2 88.6 87.9 87.9 87.8 88. 2 86.7 88.6 0) 96.3 95.3 95.5 97.1 93.9 96.1 93.7 96.7 96.2 96.4 96.3 96.8 97.1 96.0 96.3 95.9 96.6 96.3 97.7 96.3 96.3 94.2 95.3 94.6 94.0 0) 49.6 50.2 52.0 50.1 49.9 49.7 50.2 51.3 51.7 48.7 50.2 48.8 50.1 51.1 51.7 51.5 53.0 54.0 55.2 56.4 56.6 57.6 59.6 60.0 60.1 58.9 57.8 57.4 57.9 56.8 58.4 57.9 54.6 56.8 56.7 55.5 54.8 53.4 57.5 57.0 55.9 56.4 55.8 59.0 59.0 58.8 59.8 58.9 62.2 59.8 58.3 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) («) (>) (*) (») (*) (*) (*) (•) (») (*) (*) (*) (») (») (») 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) (l) 49.9 42.1 47.3 49.6 44.1 45.7 44.7 50.8 50.9 43.2 43.8 42.6 42.9 44.1 43.0 43.0 38.9 45.3 41.1 44.4 61.0 58.8 60.8 60.7 60.5 60.4 62.2 60.6 61.9 60.4 61.6 59.3 57.5 60.3 60.2 61.7 61.3 60.2 63.3 62.9 63.6 63.6 62.9 66.0 63.7 61.2 0) 46.0 47.0 49.5 47.4 46.2 46.1 48.3 48.6 49.5 45.6 48.2 46.8 46.7 48.4 49.8 49.3 51.8 51.8 53.6 55.4 55.4 57.1 58.6 60.0 60.7 4Data revised to refer to persons 16 years and over in accordance with the change in age limit and concepts introduced in 1967. 3 Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000. N o t e : Because the number of 14- to 15-year-olds who are not enrolled in school is very small, the sampling variability for this group is relatively high. 49 T A B L E 12. Educational Attainment of Civilian Labor Force 18 Years O ld and O ver/ by Sex and Color, Selected Dates, 1952-71 Sex, color, and date Total, 18 years and over (thou sands) Percent distribution Elementary Total Less than 5 years 1 High school 5 to 8 years 1 to 3 years College 4 years 1 to 3 years 4 years or more School •years not reported Median school years completed B oth S e x e s Total 60,772 64,384 65,842 67,988 69,926 71,122 71,958 73,218 75,101 76,753 78,955 79,917 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7.3 6.1 5.2 4.6 3.7 3.7 3.3 3.1 2.9 2.7 2.4 2.2 30.2 26.8 24.8 22.4 20.9 19.6 18.9 17.9 16.8 15.9 15.1 14.1 18.5 19.1 19.5 19.3 19.2 19.2 19.0 18.7 18.2 17.8 17.3 16.7 26.6 29.1 30.3 32.1 34.5 35.5 36.3 36.6 37.5 38.4 39.0 39.4 8.3 8.5 9.2 10.7 10.6 10.5 10.8 1L8 12.2 12.6 13.3 13.9 7.9 9.0 9.5 11.0 11.2 11.6 11.8 12.0 12.4 12.6 12.9 13.6 October 1952................. ............... March 1957____________________ March 1959____________________ March 1962 2 ..._______ _________ March 1964____________________ March 1965_______ _____________ March 1966____________________ March 1967______________ ______ March 1968____________________ March 1969______________ ____ _ March 1970...................... - .......... March 1971_________ ___________ Negro and Other Races 0 M 58,726 60,451 62,213 63,261 63,958 65,076 66,721 68,300 70,186 71,032 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.2 4.3 3.7 3.3 2.7 2.7 2.3 2.2 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.7 29.3 25.8 23.6 21.4 19.8 18.9 17.8 16.9 16.1 15.1 14.4 13.5 18.7 19.0 19.4 18.8 18.5 18.4 18.3 18.1 17.4 16.9 16.4 15.8 28.3 30.8 32.0 33.5 36.0 36.8 37.7 37.7 38.6 39.7 40.0 40.2 8.8 9.0 9.7 11.3 11.1 11.0 11.2 12.3 12.8 13.0 13.9 14.5 8.5 9.7 10.2 11.8 11.9 12.2 12.5 12.8 13.2 13.4 13.6 14.4 October 1952__________________ March 1957____________________ March 1 9 5 9 ....................... ......... March 1962 2 ___________________ March 1964................................. March 1965____________________ March 1966____________________ March 1967_______ _____________ March 1968____________________ March 1969____________________ March 1970-------------------- ---------March 1971____ _____________ 0 0 7,116 7,537 7,713 7,868 8,000 8,142 8,380 8,453 8,769 8,885 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 26.7 21.2 17.9 15.4 11.6 11.8 11.1 10.4 9.5 8.6 7.5 6.5 38.7 34.9 34.3 29.8 29.2 25.7 26.7 25.5 23.5 22.6 20.5 19.5 15.9 19.3 20.6 23.2 24.7 24.9 24.3 23.6 24.3 24.7 24.7 24.4 10.8 14.8 15.8 21.0 22.2 24.4 24.8 27.5 28.3 28.4 31.0 32.7 3.7 3.9 4.5 5.7 6.6 6.1 7.1 7.2 7.7 9.0 9.0 9.5 2.6 3.4 3.9 4.8 5.7 7.0 5.8 5.8 6.7 6.7 7.3 7.4 October 1952__________ ________ March 1957 8___________________ March 1959. ____ ______________ March 1962 «___________ ____ _ March 1964........ ............................ March 1965____ ________________ March 1966_______________ ____ March 1967____________________ March 1968____________________ March 1969............. .............. ......... M arch 1970................................... March 1971____________________ White 41,684 43,721 44,286 45,011 45,600 46,258 46,356 46,571 47,255 47,862 48,891 49,439 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.2 7.0 6.1 5.4 4.4 4.4 3.9 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.7 32.4 28.8 26.6 24.2 22.5 21.3 20.6 19.7 18.6 17.6 16.9 15.8 18.6 19.3 19.9 19.6 19.4 19.4 19.3 18.8 18.6 18.1 17.5 16.9 23.3 25.8 26.7 28.7 31.1 32.0 32.6 32.9 33.8 34.4 35.1 35.7 8.0 8.2 8.9 10.4 10.6 10.5 10.7 11.7 12.2 12.6 13.5 14.0 8.0 9.4 10.3 11.7 12.1 12.4 12.8 13.2 13.6 13.9 14.2 14.9 October 1952-------------------- ------March 1959_____________ _______ March 1962 2 . ____________ __________________ March 1964____ ________________ March 1965________ ____________ March 1966____________________ March 1 9 6 7 ................................. March 1968____________________ March 1969______________ ____ _ M arch 1970____________________ March 1971................................................. ............... Negro and Other Races 0 39,956 40,503 41,028 41,652 41,706 41,911 42,483 43,111 43,962 44,457 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.3 4.3 3.8 3.2 3.2 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.0 31.9 25.7 23.4 21.7 20.7 19.8 18.8 17.9 16.9 16.2 15.2 18.9 19.9 19.3 18.8 18.8 18.7 18.3 17.9 17.4 16.7 16.1 24.6 28.2 29.9 32.4 33.2 33.8 33.9 34.7 35.4 35.8 36.4 8.4 9.5 11.0 11.1 11.0 11.1 12.3 12.7 13.1 14.1 14.5 8.5 11.0 12.6 12.7 13.1 13.7 14.1 14.4 14.7 15.0 15.8 October 1952_______ ______________ March 1959_______________ ________ March 1962 2 ___________________ March 1964____________________ March 1965____________________ March 1966................. .............. ...................... March 1967__________________________________ March 1968. _____________ ________ March 1969____________________ March 1970____________________ March 1971----------------- ------------------------------------ 0 4,330 4,508 4,572 4,606 4,650 4,660 4,772 4,751 4,929 4,982 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 29.8 21.5 19.3 14.8 15.4 14.1 13.2 12.2 10.9 9.8 9.2 38.3 34.6 31.2 29.9 26.4 28.0 27.3 24.0 24.2 22.7 21.2 15.0 19.4 22.2 24.5 24.4 24.3 23.3 25.0 24.7 24.6 24.5 9.5 13.3 18.3 19.1 21.4 21.9 24.4 25.3 25.6 28.3 29.2 3.4 4.1 5.4 5.7 6.0 6.6 6.7 7.6 8.1 8.0 9.0 1.9 3.5 3.6 6.1 6.4 5.1 5.3 6.0 6.5 6. 7 7.0 October 1952__________________ March 1957______________ ______ March 1 9 5 9 . . ____ ____________ March 1962 2 ______________ _____ March 1964____________________ March 1965._____ ______________ March 1966____________________ March 1967_________ _________ March 1968________ ____________ March 1969___ _________________ March 1970-------------------- ------- March 1971----------- -------------------- 1.2 1.4 1.6 10.9 11.6 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 1.2 1.2 1.4 11.4 12.1 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 1.7 2.6 3.1 7.6 8.4 8.7 9.6 10.1 10.5 10.5 10.8 11.1 11.3 11.7 11.9 1.5 1.5 1.6 10.4 11.1 11.5 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 1.4 1.4 10.8 11.9 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.5 2.1 3.6 7.2 8.3 9.0 9.7 10.0 10.0 10.2 10.7 10.8 (3> 0 0 (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 0 White (3) <3) (3) 0 0 0 (3) 0 (3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (3) (3) Ma l e Total See fo o tn o te s a t end o f table. 50 0 0 0 (3) 0 0 (3) (3) (3) (3) 0 0 (3) 0 0 0 (3) (3) (3) 0 0 (3) 0 0 0 (3) (3) 1 11.1 11.4 T A B L E 12. Educational Attainment of Civilian Labor Force 18 Years O ld and O ver, by Sex and Color, Selected Dates, 1952-71 — Continued Percent distribution Sex, color, and date years and over (thousands) Elementary High school College Total Less than 5 years 1 5 to 8 years 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 to 3 years 4 years or more School years not reported Median school years com pleted 0.6 1.2 1.4 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 .6 1.3 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.5 1.1 2.2 8.1 9.4 10.5 10.8 11.1 11.2 11.5 11.7 11.9 12.1 12.1 F emale Total 19,088 20,663 21,556 22,977 24,326 24,871 25,602 26,647 27,846 28,891 30,064 30,478 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.4 4.2 3.5 3.0 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.4 25.4 22.6 21.1 18.8 17.8 16.6 15.7 14.8 14.1 13.1 12.1 11.5 18.2 18.6 18.8 18.8 18.8 18.7 18.4 18.5 17.6 17.3 16.9 16.4 33.8 36.1 37.6 38.7 40.9 41.9 43.0 42.9 43.7 45.0 45.5 45.4 8.8 9.1 9.6 11.2 10.6 10.4 11.0 11.8 12.3 12.4 13.2 13.9 7.7 8.2 7.9 9.5 9.5 10.0 9.9 9.9 10.5 10.4 10.7 11.4 (4 <») October 1952____ ______________ March 1959____________________ March 1962 2______________ _____ March 1964____________________ March 1965____________________ March 1966.___________________ March 1967_____________ _______ March 1968____________________ March 1969____________________ March 1970____________________ March 1971____________________ Negro and Other Races <«) 18,770 19,948 21,185 21,609 22,252 23,165 24,238 25,189 26,224 26,575 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10 a 0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.9 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 23.4 19.2 17.4 16.2 15.3 14.4 13.5 12.8 11.9 11.4 10.6 18.4 18.3 17.9 17.8 17.7 17.5 17.6 16.7 16.2 15.8 15.3 36.9 40.2 40.8 43.0 43.9 45.1 44.7 45.4 46.9 47.1 46.6 9.6 10.3 11.9 11.0 11.0 11.4 12.4 12.9 12.8 13.6 14.4 8.3 8.5 10.0 10.1 10.3 10.3 10.4 10.9 10.9 11.1 11.9 (3) (•) (») (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) October 1952__________________ March 1959____________________ March 1962 2 ___________________ March 1964____ ____ ___________ March 1965____________________ March 1966____________________ March 1967____________________ March 1968__________ _____ ___ March 1969_______ ____ _______ March 1970____________________ March 1971____________________ («) 2,786 3,029 3,141 3,262 3,350 3,482 3,608 3,702 3,840 3,903 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 22.4 12.2 9.8 7.0 6.7 7.0 6.9 5.9 5.6 4.5 3.1 39.2 33.9 27.8 28.2 24.9 24.9 23.1 22.7 20.7 17.7 17.4 17.1 22.5 24.8 25.1 25.7 24.4 24.1 23.4 24.7 24.8 24.2 12.6 19.7 24.9 26.6 28.6 28.9 31.6 32.3 31.9 34.5 37.1 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.8 6.3 7.9 7.8 7.9 10.1 10.3 10.1 3.6 4.6 6.7 5.3 7.8 6.9 6.5 7.8 7.0 8.0 8.0 (3) (*) (3) (») (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) October 1952__________________ March 1957®______ ____________ March 1959____________________ March 1962 2___________________ March 1964____________________ March 1965____________________ March 1966____________________ March 1967_____ _______________ March 1968____ ______ _________ March 1969____________________ March 1970____________________ March 1971____________________ (*) (*) (3) (M (*) ( 3) White 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. * See footnote 1, table 1. * Data for persons whose educational attainment was not reported were distributed among the Other categories. 4 N ot available; data published as percent distribution only. * Data b y color not available for March 1057. 51 T A B L E 13. M edian Y e a n of School Completed by the Civilian Labor Force 18 Y e a n O ld and O ver, by Sex and A g e , Selected Date*, 1952-71 Sex and date 18 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over B oth Sexes October 1952........................................................................................................ March 1957............................................................... - ......................................... March 1959.................................................................- .......... - ......................... March 1962......................................... — ........................................................... March 1964____ _ .____________________ ______ ________________________ March 1965............. ............................... ................................ .................. ......... March 1966......................................................................................— . ............ March 1 9 6 7 ......................................................................................................... March 1968......................................- ................................................................... March 1969................ ........................ ............. - .......... - .................................... March 1970.......................................................................................................... March 1971____ ______________- ............ ....................- - ............ - ..................... 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.6 12.6 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.6 12.6 12.6 11.4 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 8. 8 9.5 10.8 11.6 12.0 12.0 12.1 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 8.9 9.4 10.0 10.3 10.4 10.8 11.1 11.4 11.8 12.0 8.3 8.5 8.6 8.8 8.9 8.9 9.1 9.0 9.3 9.3 9.6 9.9 11.5 12.1 12.1 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.6 12.6 12.6 11.2 11.8 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 8. 7 9.010.4 11.1 11.6 11.7 11.9 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.3 8.8 9.0 9.3 9.6 9.7 10.4 10.6 10.9 11.2 11.5 8.2 8.4 8.5 8.7 8.8 8.8 8.9 8.9 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.1 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.7 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.6 11.9 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 9..2 10.8 11.7 12.1 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 10.0 10.7 11.2 11.5 11.6 11.6 12.0 12.1 12.1 12.1 8.8 8.8 8.8 9.0 10.2 9.8 10.4 10.1 10.3 10.2 10.9 11.0 M ale October 1952................... .................................................................................... March 1957.......................................... ................................................................ March 1959............................. ............................................................................. March 1962................................. .......................................................................... March 1964_______________________ ___________ ________________________ March 1965................. ......................................................................................... March 1966........................................................................................................... March 1967............................................................................................................ March 1968............................................................................................................ March 1969........................................................................................... ........... . March 1970............. .......................................................................... ................. March 1971----------- ---------------- ------------ --------------------------- ---------- - - ......... F em ale October 1952...... ................................................................................................. March 1957................................................... .......................................- .............. March 1959______ _____________________________________________________ March 1962...................... .............. ......................... ........................................— March 1964............................... .............. .............. ............................................... March 1965________ _________________________________ ________________March 1966........................ ......................................... ......................................... March 1967............................................................................................................ March 1968........................................................................................................... March 1969................................................................................... - ..................... March 1970............. ........... ...................... ........................................ - .......... March 1971.................. ........... - ...................................................... - .................. Digitized 52 for FRASER T A B L E 14. Labor Force Status and Labor Force Participation R ates1 of Married Women, Husband Present, by Presence and A g e of Children, 1948-71 Children under 6 years Date Total N o children under 18 years Children 6 to 17 years only Total N o children 6 to 17 years Children 6 to 17 years N um ber in labor force (thousands) April 1948........................................................................................................ April 1 9 4 9 ....................................................... - ................................................ March 1950---------------------------------------------------- - ........................................... April 1951— ...................... ................................................. - ....................... -April 1952...................................................- ..................- .............................. April 19532----------- ------- ------------------------------------------------------ ---------------April 1954_____________ ________________________________________ ____ April 1955_____ _________ __________________- .............................- ................ March 1956_________________________________________ ______ ___________ March 1957-------------------- ------- ------------ -------------------------------------------------March 1958....... ..................... ..................................................................... . March 1959---------------------------------------------------- --------------- ----------------------March I9602. . ____ _________________________ ______________ __________ March 1961-------------------------- ------------------------ --------------- -----------------------March 19622-------- --------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------March 1963_____ __________________________— - ---------------------- ------------March 1964................................................................... ................................... March 1965------ -------------- ------------------------------------ -------------------------------March 1966------ ---------------- ------------------------------ ------------------- ---------- - — March 1967........................................................................................................... March 1968............................................................................... .......... .......... . March 1969................................. ..................................................... ............. . March 1970...................................................... ................................ ............. . March 1971______________________________- ................ ................... - .......... 7,553 7,959 8,550 9,086 9,222 9,763 9,923 10,423 11,126 11,529 11,826 12,205 12,253 13,266 13,485 14,061 14,461 14,708 15,178 15,908 16,821 17,595 18, 377 18,530 4,400 4,544 4,946 5,016 5,042 5,130 5,096 5,227 5,694 5,805 5,713 5,679 5,692 6,186 6,156 6,366 6,545 6,755 7,043 7,158 7,564 7,853 8,174 8,432 1,927 2,130 2,205 2,400 2,492 2,749 3,019 3,183 3,384 3,517 3,714 4,055 4,087 4,419 4,445 4,689 4,866 4,836 4,949 5,269 5,693 6,146 6,289 6,424 1,226 1,285 1,399 1,670 1,688 1,884 1,808 2,012 2,048 2,208 2,399 2,471 2,474 2,661 2,884 3,006 3,050 3,117 3,186 3,480 3,564 3,596 3,914 3,674 594 654 748 886 916 1,047 883 927 971 961 1,122 1,118 1,123 1,178 1,282 1,346 1,408 1,404 1,431 1,629 1,641 1,756 1,874 1,862 632 631 651 784 772 837 925 1,086 1,077 1,247 1,277 1,353 1,351 1,483 1,602 1,660 1,642 1,709 1,755 1,851 1,923 1,840 2,040 1,812 9.2 10.0 11.2 13.6 13.7 15.8 14.3 15.1 15.6 15.9 18.4 18.3 18.2 19.6 21.1 22.4 23.6 23.8 24.0 26.9 27.8 29.3 30.2 30.0 12.7 12.2 12.6 14.6 14.1 15.2 15.5 17.3 16.1 17.9 18.1 19.0 18.9 20.3 21.5 22.5 21.9 22.8 24.3 26.2 27.4 27.8 30.5 29.3 Labor force participation rate April 1948........................................................................................................... April 1949............................................................................................................. March 1950............................................................................................................ April 1951............................................................................................................. April 1952............................................................................................................. April 1953............................................................................................................. April 1954............................................................................................................. April 1955.................................................................................................... ......... March 1956........................................................................................................... March 1957........................................................................................................... March 1958........................................................................................................... March 1959............................................................................................................ March 1960............................................................................................................ March 1961............................................................................................................ March 1962.................*......................................................................................... March 1963................................................... ...................................................... March 1964............................................................................................................ March 1965............................................................................................................ March 1966............................................................................................................ March 1967............................................................................................................ March 1968.................... .............. ................................................................ — . March 1969........................................ .................................................................. March 1970........................................... .............................................................. March 1971----------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------- 1 Percent of noninstitutional population in the labor force. 406-157 0 — 7)2---------- 5 22.0 22.5 23.8 25.2 25.3 26.3 26.6 27.7 29.0 29.6 30.2 30.9 30.5 32.7 32.7 33.7 34.4 34.7 35.4 36.8 38.3 39.6 40.8 40.8 28.4 28.7 30.3 31.0 30.9 31.2 31.6 32.7 35.3 35.6 35.4 35.2 34.7 37.3 36.1 37.4 37.8 38.3 38.4 38.9 40.1 41.0 42.2 42.1 26.0 27.3 28.3 30.3 31.1 32.2 33.2 34.7 36.4 36.6 37.6 39.8 39.0 41.7 41.8 41.5 43.0 42.7 43.7 45.0 46.9 48.6 49.2 49.4 10.8 11.0 11.9 14.0 13.9 15.5 14.9 16.2 15.9 17.0 18.2 18.7 18.6 20.0 21.3 22.5 22.7 23.3 24.2 26.5 27.6 28.5 30.3 29.6 2 See footnote 1, table 1. 53 T A B L E 15. Civilian Lab or Force, Lab or Force Participation Rates, and Unemployment Rates, by Color, 1968-71 T otal Negro and other races Region, census subdivision, and 10 largest States Civilian labor fo rce 1 Participation ra te 3 Unem ploy ment rate Civilian labor force 1 Participation r a te 3 U nem ploy ment rate 1968 T O T A L U N IT E D S T A T E S ...................................... Northeast..................................................................... .................. N ew England................................. ....................................... Massachusetts................................................................. Middle A tlantic..................................................................... N ew Y o rk ...................................................................... Pennsylvania.................................................................. N ew Jersey..................................................................... North Central............................................................................... East N orth Central.............................................................. Ohio............................ ..................................................... Illinois............................................................................... M ichigan......................................................................... West N orth Central.............................................................. South.............................................................................................. South A tla n tic.. ^.................................................................. F lorida........................................... ................................. East South Central............................................................. West South Central............................................................. Texas................................................................................ West.......................... ...................................................................... Mountain................................................................................ P acific............... ................ ...................................................... California.....................— ............................................. 78,737 19,566 4,947 2,229 14,618 7,233 4,632 2,872 22,605 16,276 4,164 4,487 3,416 6,329 23,425 11,770 2,261 4,783 6,872 4,300 13,155 2,916 10,238 7,566 59.6 58.9 61.7 60.5 58.0 58.0 57.1 59.7 60.5 60.5 59.0 61.1 59.8 60.4 59.4 60.0 54.9 57.9 59.3 61.2 59.9 59.5 59.9 59.9 3.6 3.2 2.9 2.9 3.3 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.0 3.2 3.4 2.9 3.9 2.4 3.7 3.6 3.8 4.2 3.7 3.4 4.9 4.4 5.1 5.1 8,760 1,584 147 76 1,436 737 392 323 1,682 1,417 370 462 361 265 4,345 2,453 340 795 1,096 600 1,152 120 1,031 757 62.2 63.9 68.4 63.3 63.4 62.2 62.7 67.7 61.5 61.1 62.5 58.0 60.1 63.4 61.6 64.2 65.1 55.4 61.0 65.4 63.6 59.7 64.0 64.5 8,950 1,710 200 90 1,510 790 410 340 1,690 1,430 360 470 370 260 4,400 2,500 330 790 1,110 610 1,160 130 1,030 730 62.1 63.0 67.9 62.0 62.4 62.3 60.3 65.4 61.7 61.8 60.2 59.8 63.6 61.1 61.6 64.2 64.8 55.2 61.0 67.8 63.3 60.5 63.7 63.2 9,200 1,730 190 80 1,540 820 420 330 1,710 1,460 380 490 380 260 4,550 2,580 390 860 1,110 580 1,200 140 1,060 760 61.8 62.2 64.7 57.7 61.9 61.7 60.4 64.3 61.8 62.2 62.0 59.0 64.1 59.6 61.3 63.7 66.5 56.0 60.7 66.1 62.9 62.9 62.9 63.3 6.7 5.7 4.5 (3) 5.8 4.3 7.3 7.3 8.0 8.2 9.1 7.7 8.2 6.8 6.6 6.0 6.0 7.5 7.4 6.0 6.8 7.8 6.7 7.9 1969 T O T A L U N IT E D S T A T E S ...................................... Northeast............ .................................................................... . N ew England....................................................................- Massachusetts.................................................................. Middle A tlantic............. ....................................................... N ew Y o r k ....................................................................... Pennsylvania...... .................................................... ....... N ew Jersey______________ _________ _____________ N orth Central............................. ................................................ East N orth Central............................................................ . Ohio..............- .................................................................. Illinois...................................... ...................................... Michigan................................. ........................................ West N orth Central...................... ................................. . South........................ ................................................................... South A tlantic................................................................. . Florida............ .............. ......................................... ......... East South Central................... .......................................... West South Central............................................................ Texas................................................................................. West............................................................. ................................. Mountain____________________________________________ Pacific...................................................................................... C alifornia................. .................................................... 80,730 19,890 5,100 2,320 14,790 7,460 4,770 2,930 23,250 16,770 4,300 4,590 3,480 6,480 24,000 12,080 2,370 4,760 7,170 4,480 13,590 3,000 10,600 7,660 60.1 59.4 62.7 62.1 58.4 58.3 57.6 59.7 61.1 61.1 59.6 61.8 60.5 61.1 59.7 60.3 54.9 57.8 59.8 62.4 60.2 60.2 60.2 59.8 3.5 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.4 2.9 4.0 2.4 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.7 3.7 3.2 4.9 4.2 5.1 5.1 6.4 5.5 5.6 (3) 5.5 4.9 6.4 5.8 6.8 6.9 7.9 6.4 7.6 6.6 6.4 5.6 4.8 6.6 8.1 6.3 6.8 7.3 6.7 7.6 1970 T O T A L U N IT E D S T A T E S ...................................... Northeast...................................................................................... N ew England........................................................................ Massachusetts................................................................. Middle Atlantic..................................................................... N ew Y ork ...................................................................... Pennsylvania.................................................................. N ew Jersey...................................................................... North Central.................................................................. ........... East North Central.............................................................. Ohio.................................................................................. Illinois.............................................................................. Michigan.......................................................... ............... West North Central.............................................................. South.............................................................................................. South Atlantic...................................................................... Florida............................................................................. East South Central............................................................. West South Central................. ............................................ Texas................................................................................ W e st............................................................................................... Mountain................................................................................ Pacific...................................................................................... California— ............. .................................................... See footnotes at end of table. Digitized 54 for FRASER 82,720 20,090 5,130 2,460 14,960 7,410 4,830 2,990 23,750 17,150 4,390 4,710 3,600 6,600 24,820 12,450 2,660 4,940 7,440 4,610 14,060 3,100 10,960 8,200 60.4 59.7 63.3 62.8 58.5 57.9 58.4 60.4 61.6 61.6 60.7 62.0 60.9 61.6 59.7 60.2 55.4 58.1 60.0 62.3 60.6 61.4 60.4 60.4 4.9 4.6 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.9 5.3 3.6 6.7 3.4 4.6 4.1 4.3 5.2 4.8 4.4 6.9 5.7 7.2 7.2 8.2 6.8 8.4 8.3 6.7 5.6 7.2 8.3 9.9 10.0 12.7 5.9 12.2 9.2 8.0 6.6 8.9 10.3 9.3 7.6 8.5 11.7 8.1 9.1 T A B L E 15. Civilian Lab or Force, Labor Force Participation Rates, and Unemployment Rates, by Color, 1 9 6 8 -7 1 — Continued Negro and other races Total Region, census subdivision, and 10 largest States Civilian labor force1 Participation rate 2 U nem ploy ment rate Civilian labor force 1 Participation ra te 2 U nem ploy ment rate 1971 T O T A L U N IT E D S T A T E S _____ _______________ Northeast--------------- ---------------- ----------------------------------------N ew England------ --------- ------- ------------------------ ------- -----Massachusetts------ ----------------------------------------------- Middle Atlantic----------------------------------------- ---------------N ew Y o r k -----------------------------------------------------------Pennsylvania____________________________________ N ew Jersey______________________________________ North Central---------------- -------------------------------------------------East North Central------ ---------------------------------------------Ohio-------- ------------------------------------------------------------Illinois___________________________________________ Michigan--------------------------------------------------------------West North Central__________________________________ South____ _______________________________________________ South Atlantic_______________________________________ Florida_____ ____________________________________ East South Central__________________________________ West South C en tra l..________________________________ Texas___________________________ ________________ West_____________________________________________________ Mountain______________ : -------------------------------------------Pacific--------- -------------------------------------------------------------California________________________________________ 84,110 20,200 5,060 2,470 15,140 7,560 4,830 3,020 24,030 17,440 4,430 4,750 3,620 6,600 25,450 12,670 2,760 5,090 7,690 4,720 14,420 3,370 11,060 8,370 1 Rounded to nearest 10,000. 2 Percent of the civilian noninstitutional population in the civilian labor force. 3 N ot shown separately where the unemployment estimate is less than 5,000. 60.2 59.0 62.4 61.6 58.0 57.8 57.3 59.4 61.3 61.1 60.3 61.6 60.3 61.8 59.8 60.2 55.0 58.2 60.1 62.1 60.7 61.3 60.5 60.5 5.9 6.2 6.9 6.6 6.0 6.6 5.4 5.7 5.5 6.0 6.5 5.1 7.6 4.3 4.9 4.5 4.9 5.2 5.3 5.0 8.1 6.1 8.7 8.8 9,320 1,730 170 90 1,560 890 400 310 1,750 1,470 390 500 370 280 4, 580 2,630 400 830 1,120 530 1,260 140 1,130 810 50.9 60.0 63.8 59.7 59.6 60.7 57.4 59.8 59.4 59.6 63.5 55.1 59.9 58.3 61.1 63.6 64.8 55.6 59.9 64.3 63.4 59.6 63.9 64.4 9 .9 9 .3 16.2 13.0 8.5 7.9 8.8 9.6 12.8 13.3 15.2 10.2 13.9 10.4 8.8 7.4 7.9 10.1 11.0 9.7 10.7 11.5 10.6 12.5 Source : Based on the Current Population Survey, a national sample survey of households conducted m onthly b y the Bureau of Jthe Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics. 55 T A B L E 16. Employment Status of Persons 1 6 -1 9 Years O ld and A dults, by Color, 1954-71 1 [In thousands] White Em ploym ent status and year C ivilian L abor F orce 1964..................................................................................................... 1965........................... — .........- .........— ........................................... . 1966................ ............... .................................................................... 1957............ .............. .............................. ........................................... . 1958_________________________________________________________ 1969.............. ........................................................................................ 1960 *..................................................................................................... 1961.............. — ........... .......... .............. ........................................... . 1962 .............................................................................................. 1963.................. .................................................................................... 1964..................... ....................... ............ ............................................ 1966............. ...................................................................................... . 1966.................... ............ .............. — .......... ..................................... 1967 3..................................................... .............................................. 1968.................................... _................................................................. 1969........................................ ............................................................ 1970....................................................................................................... 1971............ ......................................................................................... Total, 16 years and over Negro and other races 20 years and over 16 to 19 years, both sexes Male F em ale Total, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years, both sexes 20 years and over Male F em ale 56,817 58,082 59,427 59,741 60,293 60,963 61,913 62,664 62,750 63,830 64,921 66,136 67,274 68,699 69,977 71,779 73,520 74,790 3,501 3,597 3,771 3, 774 3,759 4,000 4,276 4,361 4,354 4,558 4,784 5,265 5,828 5,748 5,839 6,168 6,440 6,672 37,770 38,143 38,620 38,714 38,964 39,118 39,310 39,547 39,499 39,841 40,177 40,401 40,318 40,851 41,318 41,772 42,464 43,088 15,543 16,346 17,035 17,253 17,572 17,834 18,330 18,747 18,897 19,430 19,960 20,468 21,128 22,100 22,821 23,839 24,616 25,030 6,824 6,942 7,127 7,188 7,347 7,418 7,714 7,802 7,863 8,004 8,169 8,319 8,496 8,648 8,760 8,954 9,198 9,322 474 495 527 503 504 491 566 572 561 579 606 644 729 771 779 801 808 781 3,898 3,966 4,038 4,066 4,130 4,171 4,293 4,313 4,332 4,381 4,427 4,456 4,468 4,502 4,535 4,579 4,726 4,773 2,453 2,480 2,563 2,619 2,713 2,755 2,855 2,918 2,970 3,042 3,138 3,218 3,299 3,375 3,446 3,574 3,664 3,769 71,777 72,347 72,687 72,875 72,662 74,493 75,209 74,615 73,404 74,001 5,623 5,732 5,794 5,843 5,951 7,553 8,256 7,734 6,208 6,183 41,779 42,036 42,202 42,360 42,338 42,825 42,889 42,846 42,561 42,566 24,375 24,579 24,691 24,672 24,373 24,115 24,064 24,035 24,635 25,252 8,944 8,936 9,004 9,085 9,080 9,557 9,594 9,500 9,144 9,173 731 710 693 708 691 1,068 1,115 1,038 706 4,643 4,640 4,654 4,667 4,729 4,778 4,812 4,806 4,763 3,570 3,586 3,657 3,710 3,660 3,711 3,667 3,656 3,675 74,137 74,016 6 ,1 9 6 6 ,1 9 8 4 2 ,5 9 6 42 ,5 6 4 25,345 2 5 ,254 9 ,2 0 9 9 ,1 3 7 744 758 725 4,7 4 2 4 ,7 3 9 4 ,7 3 8 3 ,6 8 7 3 ,7 1 2 3 ,6 7 4 A ugust.............................................................. ................................. September....... ............................ ............. ....................................... October.....................................— j .............................................. Novem ber.......................................................................................... December........................................................................................... 73,632 73,618 73,536 73,753 73,921 75,492 76,226 76,027 74,781 75,191 75,648 75,661 5 ,9 2 4 5 ,965 5,901 6 ,0 8 3 6 ,1 8 3 7,671 8 ,5 8 2 8 ,0 4 4 6,301 6 ,3 5 4 6 ,521 6 ,5 3 5 4 2 ,5 6 2 42,581 4 2 ,6 3 4 42 ,8 1 8 42 ,9 3 7 43,411 4 3 ,581 4 3 ,6 3 1 4 3 ,2 4 3 4 3 ,1 7 5 4 3 ,2 1 8 4 3 ,2 6 5 25,146 25,072 25,001 24,852 24,801 24,409 24,063 24,352 2 5 ,237 2 5 ,662 25,909 25,861 9 ,0 2 0 9 ,0 8 5 9 ,1 3 3 9 ,1 4 4 9 ,1 8 2 9 ,4 7 7 9 ,785 9 ,6 5 2 9 ,3 5 4 9 ,4 4 4 9,371 9 ,2 2 2 649 654 690 678 670 934 1 ,1 8 4 1 ,026 692 738 723 731 4 ,7 3 4 4 ,7 0 0 4 ,7 3 3 4 ,7 4 7 4 ,7 4 7 4 ,8 0 9 4 ,8 1 2 4 ,8 2 3 4 ,8 2 2 4 ,8 2 8 4 ,7 9 4 4 ,7 2 5 3 ,6 3 7 3 ,7 3 1 3 ,7 0 9 3 ,7 1 9 3 ,7 6 6 3 ,7 3 4 3 ,7 8 9 3 ,8 0 3 3 ,8 4 0 3 ,8 7 8 3 ,8 5 4 3 ,7 6 6 E mployed 1964 ........................................................................................................................... 1966............................................................................................................................ 1966 ............ ................................................................................................. — 1957 ......................... .......... ................................................................................ 1968 ................ ......................................................................................................... 1969 ....... ............................ .............................................................................. . 1960 *........................................................................................................................... 1961.............................................................................................................................. 1 9 6 2 * . . . .................................................................................................................... 1963......... .............. .................................................................................................... 1964........... .................................... ....................................................................... 1965........... ................................ ......................................................................... . 1966............. .................. ......................... ............................................................. 1967 3........................................................................................................................... 1968.............................................................................................................................. 1969 ....................... ................. ................................................................ 1970.............................................................................................................................. 1971.................................................................. .............................................. ............ 53,957 55,834 57,265 57,452 56,614 58,005 58,850 58,912 59,698 60,622 61,922 63,445 65,019 66,361 67,751 69,518 70,183 70,716 3 ,0 7 9 3 ,2 2 6 3 ,3 8 7 3 ,3 7 3 3 ,2 1 7 3, 475 3,701 3 ,6 9 2 3 ,7 7 4 3 ,8 5 0 4 ,0 7 6 4, 562 5 ,1 7 6 5 ,1 1 3 5 ,1 9 5 5 ,5 0 8 5 ,5 6 9 5,6 6 2 36 ,1 2 3 3 6 ,8 9 6 37 ,4 7 4 37, 479 3 6 ,8 0 8 3 7 ,5 3 3 3 7 ,663 37 ,5 3 3 3 7 ,918 3 8 ,2 7 2 3 8 ,7 9 8 3 9 ,232 3 9 ,4 1 7 3 9 ,985 40 ,5 0 3 40 ,9 7 8 4 1 ,093 4 1 ,3 4 7 14, 755 15,712 16,404 16,600 16,589 16,998 1 7 ,487 17,687 1 8 ,006 18,499 19,048 19,652 2 0 ,4 2 6 2 1 ,2 6 3 2 2 ,0 5 2 2 3 ,032 23,521 2 3 ,707 6,150 6,341 6 ,535 6 ,619 6 ,422 6 ,6 2 4 6 ,9 2 7 6,8 3 2 7 ,004 7,1 4 0 7 ,383 7 ,643 7 ,875 8 ,011 8 ,1 6 9 8 ,3 8 4 8 ,4 4 6 8 ,4 0 3 396 417 431 407 366 363 428 414 420 403 441 475 544 569 585 609 573 533 3 ,511 3 ,6 3 2 3 ,7 4 2 3, 760 3, 604 3 ,7 3 4 3 ,8 8 0 3 ,8 0 9 3 ,8 9 7 3 ,9 7 9 4 ,0 8 8 4 ,190 4 ,2 4 9 4 ,3 0 9 4 ,3 5 6 4 ,4 1 0 4 ,461 4 ,4 2 8 2 ,2 4 4 2 ,2 9 0 2 ,3 6 2 2 ,4 5 2 2 ,4 5 4 2 ,5 2 7 2, 618 2 ,6 1 0 2, 686 2 , 757 2 ,8 5 5 2 ,9 7 9 3 ,0 8 2 3 ,1 3 4 3 ,2 2 9 3 ,3 6 5 3 ,4 1 2 3 ,4 4 2 1970 January............................................................................................... February............................................................................................. March................................................................................................... A pril..................................................................................................... M ay..................................................................................................... June............................... ...................................................................... July...................................................................................................... A ugust.................................................. ........................................... September........................................................................................... October................................................................................................ N ovem ber............. ....................................................... ..................... December..................... ............. ..................................... ................. 6 8 ,974 69,221 69,605 70,013 69,879 70,833 71,593 71,208 69,875 70,495 70,319 70,167 4 ,9 5 0 5 ,0 3 2 5 ,0 8 8 5 ,1 4 0 5,321 6 ,2 1 0 7 ,139 6 ,8 6 0 5 ,3 1 0 5 ,2 8 3 5 ,2 1 3 5 ,275 4 0 ,548 4 0 ,622 4 0 ,847 4 1 ,108 41 ,1 6 4 41,531 41,507 4 1 ,496 4 1 ,266 41,199 41,045 40,778 23 ,4 7 6 2 3 ,567 23 ,6 7 0 23,765 2 3 ,3 9 4 2 3 ,092 2 2 ,947 2 2 ,852 2 3 ,299 2 4 ,013 24,061 2 4 ,114 8 ,3 4 0 8 ,269 8 ,3 5 3 8 ,3 9 5 8 ,479 8 ,549 8 ,6 9 8 8,6 8 7 8,381 8 ,4 2 0 8,421 8,349 540 532 536 529 545 629 780 775 472 510 506 518 4 ,4 1 8 4 ,3 7 6 4 ,4 0 3 4 ,421 4 ,5 0 0 4 ,4 8 8 4 ,5 2 6 4 ,5 3 4 4 ,4 9 6 4 ,4 7 4 4 ,4 7 6 4 ,4 1 6 3 ,3 8 2 3,3 6 1 3 ,4 1 4 3 ,4 4 5 3 ,4 3 4 3 ,4 3 2 3 ,3 9 2 3 ,3 7 8 3 ,4 1 3 3 ,4 3 6 3 ,4 3 9 3 ,4 1 5 1971 January____________________ ____________ __________________ F ebruary___________________________________________________ M a r c h .......................................... ................... .............................. A p ril............. ........................ ............................................................ M ay_______ _____ . . . . . ____ ________________________ June..................................................................... ................... .......... July____ _________________________________________ _________ A ugust______ ________ ________________________ _____ _______ S e p te m b e r.....____ ____________ _____ ______________________ October___ ________________________________________________ Novem ber—_______ ___________ _______________ _____________ D ecem ber_____________________ ________ _______ ___________ 69,131 6 9 ,108 6 9 ,2 2 4 69,909 70,333 71,089 72,002 71,922 70,868 71,516 71,665 7 1 ,8 2 9 4,961 5,041 4 ,9 6 7 5 ,2 4 7 5,385 6 ,2 1 5 7,243 7 ,0 4 7 5 ,3 3 0 5 ,423 5,486 5,599 40 ,4 3 7 4 0 ,3 9 0 4 0 ,6 0 4 41,061 4 1 ,312 4 1 ,760 41 ,9 4 7 41,989 41,759 4 1 ,758 4 1 ,622 41,530 2 3 ,732 23,676 23,653 23,601 23,636 23,113 22,811 22,886 23 ,7 8 0 2 4 ,335 2 4 ,557 2 4 ,700 8 ,1 0 7 8 ,1 5 4 8 ,2 6 9 8 ,2 9 5 8 ,3 7 7 8 ,3 9 0 8 ,6 8 0 8 ,6 9 5 8 ,4 2 6 8 ,5 4 8 8 ,5 3 9 8 ,3 5 9 443 451 481 484 487 511 796 751 473 509 514 500 4 ,3 1 2 4 ,3 0 9 4 ,3 9 2 4 ,4 3 3 4 ,4 6 7 4 ,4 6 6 4 ,4 6 3 4 ,476 4 ,4 7 8 4 ,4 8 9 4 ,4 6 8 4 ,3 7 7 3,351 3 ,3 9 4 3 ,3 9 6 3 ,3 7 7 3 ,4 2 2 3 ,4 1 3 3 ,4 2 1 3 ,4 6 9 3,476 3,551 3 ,5 5 7 3 ,4 8 2 1970 January............................................................................................... February............................................................................................. March............................ ...................................................................... A pril................................................................ .................................... M ay...................................................................................................... June.............................................................. ............................... ....... July.................................................................................................... A ugust................................................................................................. S eptem b er............ ........................................................................... October................................................................................................ N ovem ber........................................................................................... Decem ber............................................................................................ 1971 January.............................................................................................. February................................................................................ ........... March........................................................................................... . A p ril................. .................................................................................. M ay....................................................................... ...................... ....... June............................... .......................... ......................................... See footnotes at end of table. 56 T A B L E 16. Employment Status of Persons 1 6 -1 9 Years O ld and Adults, by Color, 1954-71 1— Continued _______________________________ [In thousands] White Em ploym ent status and year U nemployed 1954_________________________________________________________ 1955_________ ____________ - _____________ ___________________ 1956_____________ __________________________________________ 1957_________________________________________________________ 1958_________________________________________________________ 1959_________________________________________________________ 1960 2____________________________________ __________________ 1961________________________________________________________ 19622. . . _______ ______ ____________________________________ 1963________________________________________________________ 1964________________________________________________________ 1965____ ___________________ _____ ________________________ 1966......................... .......... .................................................................. 19673..................................................................................................... 1968....................................................................................................... 1969..................................................................................................... 1970...................................................... : ............................................. 1 9 7 1 ................................................................................................... Total, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years, both sexes Negro and other races 20 years and over Male Fem ale Total, 16 years and over 16 to 19 years, both sexes 20 years and over Male Fem ale 2,860 2,248 2,162 2,289 3,679 2,947 3,063 3,742 3,052 3,208 2,999 2,691 2,253 2,338 2,226 2,261 3,337 4,074 422 371 384 401 542 525 575 669 580 708 708 703 651 635 644 660 871 1,010 1,647 1,247 1,146 1,236 2,156 1,585 1,647 2,014 1,581 1,569 1,379 1,169 901 866 814 794 1,371 1,741 788 634 631 657 983 836 843 1,060 891 931 912 817 703 837 768 806 1,095 1,324 674 601 592 569 925 794 787 970 859 864 786 676 621 638 590 570 752 919 78 78 96 96 138 128 138 158 141 176 165 169 185 204 195 193 235 248 387 334 296 306 526 437 413 504 435 402 339 267 219 193 179 168 265 345 209 190 201 165 259 228 237 308 284 285 283 239 217 241 217 209 252 326 August........ ........................................ ............................... ............. September.......................................................................................... October...................................................................... ........................ Novem ber........................................................................................... Decem ber............................................................................................ 2,803 3,126 3,082 2,862 2,783 3,660 3,616 3,407 3,529 3,506 3,818 3,849 673 700 706 703 630 1,343 1,117 874 898 900 983 923 1,231 1,414 1,355 1,252 1,174 1,294 1,382 1,350 1,295 1,367 1,551 1,786 899 1,012 1,021 907 979 1,023 1,117 1,183 1,336 1,239 1,284 1,140 604 667 651 690 601 1,008 896 813 763 753 788 788 191 178 157 179 146 439 335 263 234 234 252 207 225 264 251 246 229 290 286 272 267 268 263 322 188 225 243 265 226 279 275 278 262 251 273 259 1971 J an u a ry .......... .................................................................................. February......................................................... ................................... March.......................... ...................................................................... A pril........ ........................................................................................... M ay................................................... .................................................. June....... .................... ....................................................................... July................................. .................................................................... A u gu st............................................................................................... September............................................. ............................................ October............................................................................................... N ovem ber........................................................................................... December........................................................................................... 4,501 4,511 4,311 3,844 3,589 4,403 4,224 4,104 3,912 3,674 3,982 3,832 962 924 934 837 799 1,456 1,339 996 971 931 1,034 936 2,125 2,191 2,030 1,757 1,625 1,651 1,634 1,642 1,485 1,417 1,597 1,735 1,414 1,396 1,347 1,251 1,165 1,296 1,252 1,466 1,457 1,327 1,351 1,161 914 931 864 849 806 1,087 1,106 956 927 895 832 863 206 203 209 194 182 423 388 275 219 230 210 231 422 391 341 314 279 343 350 347 344 339 326 348 286 337 314 342 344 321 368 334 364 327 297 284 U nemployment R ate 1954_________________ _________ _____________ _______________ 1955....................... .......................................................... .................. 1956..................... .............. .......... ....................................... ................ 1957................................... ........... ......................................... ............ 1958____________________________________ ____________________ 1959...................................................................... ............................... I9602........................ ....................................... ............... .................. 1961__________________________________ ______________________ 1962 2___________________ ____________________________________ 1963______________________ ____ __________________________ 1964......................... ......................................... .......... ......................... 1965................ .......... ................... ............... ...................................... 1966__________________ ______ _______________________________ 1967 3................................................................. .......... .......... ............ 1968........................................................................................................ 1 9 6 9 ................................................................................................... 1970....................................................................................................... 1971....................................................................................................... 5.0 3.9 3.6 3.8 6.1 4.8 4.9 6.0 4.9 5.0 4.6 4.1 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.1 4.5 5.4 12.1 10.3 10.2 10.6 14.4 13.1 13.4 15.3 13.3 15.5 14.8 13.4 11.2 11.0 11.0 10.7 13.5 15.1 4.4 3.3 3.0 3.2 5.5 4.1 4.2 5.1 4.0 3.9 3.4 2.9 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 3.2 4.0 5.1 3.9 3.7 3.8 5.6 4.7 4.6 5.7 4.1 4.8 4.6 4.0 3.3 3.8 3.4 3.4 4.4 5.3 9.9 8.7 8.3 7.9 12.6 10.7 10.2 12.4 10.9 10.8 9.6 8.1 7.3 7.4 6.7 6.4 8.2 9.9 16.5 15.8 18.2 19.1 27.4 26.1 24.4 27.6 25.1 30.4 27.2 26.2 25.4 26.5 25.0 24.0 29.1 31.7 9. 9 8.4 7.3 7.5 12.7 10.5 9.6 11.7 10.0 9.2 7.7 6.0 4.9 4.3 3.9 3.7 5.6 7.2 8.5 7.7 7.8 6.3 9.5 8.3 8.3 10.6 9.6 9.4 9.0 7.4 6.6 7.1 6.3 5.8 6.9 8.7 A ugust................................................................................................. September..... ................................ .............. ..................................... O cto b e r................................................................................ ............ Novem ber.................... ............... ...................................................... December....................................................... ............ ................... 3.9 4.3 4.2 3.9 3.8 4.9 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.7 5.1 5.2 12.0 12.2 12.2 12.0 10.6 17.8 13.5 11.3 14.5 14.6 15.9 14.9 2.9 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.6 4.2 3.7 4.1 4.1 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.6 4.9 5.4 4.9 5.1 4.5 6.8 7.5 7.2 7.6 6.6 10.5 9.3 8.6 8.3 8.2 8.6 8.6 26.1 25.1 22.7 25.3 21.1 41.1 30.0 25.3 33.1 31.5 33.2 28.6 4.8 5.7 5.4 5.3 4.8 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.6 5.7 5.5 6.8 5.3 6.3 6.6 7. 1 6.2 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.1 6.8 7.4 7.0 1971 January................................ . .. . February..................................... ................. . _ . . ___ March............... ....................... A p ril................... ................... M ay_____ June.................. ................... July______ ______________ ___________________ ............... ...... A u gu st.................................... . September..................... .......... ... . .... October____ _____________ . ............................... N ovem ber_____ _______________ _________ __________________ Decem ber___________ ______ _ ............. . 6.1 6.1 5.9 5.2 4.9 5.8 5.5 5.4 5.2 4.9 5.3 5.1 16.2 15.5 15.8 13.8 12.9 19.0 15.6 12.4 15.4 14.7 15.9 14.3 5.0 5.1 4.8 4.1 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.4 3.3 3.7 4.0 5.6 5.6 5.4 5.0 4.7 5.3 5.2 6.0 5.8 5.2 5.2 4.5 10.1 10.2 9.5 9.3 8.8 11.5 11.3 9.9 9.9 9.5 8.9 9.4 31.7 31.1 30.3 28.6 27.2 45.3 32.8 26.8 31.7 31.1 29.0 31.7 8.9 8.3 7.2 6.6 5.9 7.1 7.3 7.2 7.1 7.0 6.8 7.4 7.9 9.0 8. 5 9.2 9.1 8.6 9.7 8.8 9.5 8.4 7. 7 7. 5 1970 January......................................... ..................................................... February............. ................................... ................................. ......... March................................................................................................... A p r i l . ............. ................................................................................... J u n e ............................................................................................... . 1970 January............................................................................................ . February............................................................................................. March................................................................................................... A pril.................................................................................................... M ay..................................................................................................... June .................................................. ................................. ............. 1 Absolute numbers b y color are not available prior to 1954 because population controls b y color were not introduced into the C urrent Population Survey until that year. 2 See footnote 1, table 1. 3 Beginning with 1967, data may not be strictly comparable to prior years because of basic changes in the concepts and definitions introduced in January 1967. 57 T A B L E 17. Employment Status of Persons 1 6 -2 4 Years O ld , 1947-71 [In thousands] Em ploym ent status and year 16 to 19 years Total, 16 to 24 years 20 to 24 years Total 16 and 17 18 and 19 C ivilian L ab or F orce 1947.. 1948.. 1949.. 1950.. 1951. 1952.. 1953 i. 19541555.' 1956.. 1957.. 1958.. 1969.. 1960 1. 1961.. 1962 i. 1963. 1964.. 1965.. 1966.. 1967 2. 1968.. 1969. 19701971. 11,668 1,750 1,780 1,704 1,659 1,743 1,807 1,726 1,643 1,711 1,877 1,843 1,818 1,971 11,997 12,611 13,353 14,168 14,966 15, 529 15,923 16,849 17,829 18,718 4,323 4,435 4,289 4, 216 4,105 4,063 4,026 3,976 4,093 4,296 4,276 4,260 4,492 4,840 4,935 4,915 5,138 5,390 5,910 6,557 6,519 6, 618 6,970 7,246 7,453 16,385 16,579 16,624 16,730 16,846 19,456 20,515 19,897 17,682 17,704 17,771 17,759 6,352 6,442 6,486 6,551 6,641 8,622 9,370 8,772 6,913 6,927 6,955 6,922 January. February.. March____ A p ril......... M ay______ June.......... July______ A ugust___ September October. N ovem ber December. 17,352 17,367 17,371 17,626 17,783 20,164 21,641 20,989 18,416 18,497 18,653 18,760 E mployed 1947 _______________________________ 1948 _______________________________ 1949 _______________________________ 1950 _______________________________ 1951 _______________________________ 1952 _______________________________ 1953 i_____________________________________ 1954 _______________________________ 1955 _______________________________ 1956 _______________________________ 1957 _______________________________ 1958 _______________________________ 1959 _______________________________ 1960 i_____________________________________ 1961._____ _______________________________ 1962 i_____________________________________ 1963 _______________________________ 1964 _______________________________ 1965 _______________________________ 1966 _______________________________ 1967 2_____ ______________________________ 1968 .......................... ............... ............ 1969 _______________________________ 1970 _______________________________ 1971 _______________________________ 10.738 10,965 10,371 10,449 10,088 9,289 8,945 8,446 8,914 9,364 9,418 9,152 9,708 10,249 10.338 10,641 11,070 11,820 12.738 13,684 14,181 14, 542 15,436 15,851 16.339 11,828 11,629 11,523 10,699 9,903 9,509 9,452 9,759 10,236 10,344 10,531 10,905 11,543 11,888 2,573 2,655 2,585 2,557 2,362 2,256 2,300 2,333 2,382 2,419 2,433 2,442 2,521 2,747 2,951 2,997 2,967 2,941 3,425 3,893 3,786 3,802 3,960 4,114 7,345 7,393 7,340 7,307 6,594 5,840 5,483 5,476 5,666 5,940 6,068 6,271 6,413 6, 703 6,953 7,082 7,473 7,963 8,258 8,409 9, 010 9,305 9,879 10,583 11,265 2,600 2,692 2,737 2,801 2, 828 3.907 4,366 3,966 2,917 2,944 2.908 2,916 3,752 3,750 3.749 3.750 3,812 4,715 5,004 4,806 3,997 3,983 4,047 4,006 10,033 10.137 10.138 10,179 10,205 10,834 11,145 11,125 10,769 10,777 10,816 10,837 6,573 6,619 6,591 6,761 6,853 8,605 9,766 9,070 6,993 7,093 7,244 7,266 2,691 2,727 2,753 2,859 2,917 3,740 4,471 4,017 2,916 2,982 3,072 3,028 3,882 3,892 3,838 3,902 3,936 4,865 5,295 5,052 4,077 4,111 4,172 4,238 10.779 10,748 10.780 10,865 10,930 11,559 11,875 11,919 11,423 11,404 3,909 4,028 3,712 3,703 3,767 3.718 3.719 3,475 3,643 3,818 3.780 3,582 3,838 4,129 4,107 4.195 4,255 4,516 5,036 5,721 5,682 5.780 6,117 6,141 6.195 1.573 1,602 1,466 1,433 1,575 1,626 1,577 1,422 1,500 1,647 1,613 1,519 1,670 1,769 1,621 1,607 1,751 2,013 2,074 2,269 2,333 2,403 2.573 2,596 2,587 2,336 2,426 2,246 2,270 2,192 2,092 2.142 2,053 2.143 2,171 2.167 2,063 2.168 2,360 2,486 2,588 2,504 2,503 2,962 3,452 3,349 3,377 3,543 3,545 3,608 6,829 6,937 6,659 6,746 6,321 5,571 5,226 4,971 5,271 5,546 5,638 5,570 5,870 6,120 6,231 6,446 6,815 7,304 7,702 7,963 8,499 8,762 9,319 9,710 10,144 1,918 2,171 2,449 2,485 2,664 2,734 2,817 3,009 3,132 3,181 1970 January. __ F ebruary.. March........ A p ril_____ M ay............ June______ J u ly........... A ugust___ September O c to b e r.. . Novem ber. Decem ber. 1971 See footnotes at end of table. 58 11,409 11, 494 T A B L E 17. Employment Status of Persons 1 6 -2 4 Years O ld , 1 9 4 7 -7 1 — Continued [In thousands] Em ploym ent status and year 16 to 19 years Total, 16 to 24 years 20 to 24 years Total 16 and 17 18 and 19 E mployed — C ontinued 1970 January.......................... ............................................................................................. February........................ .................................................................. .......................... March............................................................................ ............. ............................... A p ril............................................................................................................................. M ay................................................................ ................................. ........................ . June. .................................................... ..................................................................... July...................................................... ............... .......... ........................................ . A ugust........ ........... .............................. .......... ................................. ......................... Septem ber............ ............ .............................................. .........................._............ . O c t o b e r ..____ ______ _____ _________ ____________________________________ N ovem ber...................................... .......................................... ............ ........ ............ D ecember.......................................................................... .............. .......... ........... 14,825 14,843 15,033 15,143 15,349 16,703 18,115 17,845 15,553 15,646 15,560 15,703 5,489 5,563 5,623 5,669 5,865 6,840 7,919 7,635 5,782 5,794 5,720 5,793 2,188 2,274 2,306 2,353 2,460 3,005 3,625 3,446 2,372 2,412 2,343 2,366 3,301 3,289 3,317 3,316 3,405 3,835 4,294 4,189 3,409 3,382 3,377 3,427 9,336 9,280 9,410 9,474 9,484 9,863 10,196 10,210 9,771 9,852 9,840 9,910 _________ June................................................ .......................................... . . . . July________ _______ ____________ _______ _______________ ________________ A ugust............. ............. ............. .......................................................................... . September....................................... ............. ..................... ...................................... October________________ _________ _____________________ __________________ N ovem ber_______ _________________ ________________________ ______________ ,D ecem ber_________________ ____ ____ ______________ _____ _______________ 15,020 15,016 15,098 15,575 15,735 16,941 18,764 18,546 16,124 16,328 16,325 16,606 5,405 5,492 5,448 5,731 5,872 6,726 8,039 7,798 5,803 5,932 6,000 6,099 2,174 2,255 2,236 2,370 2,463 2,790 3,578 3,413 2,386 2,421 2,482 2,478 3,231 3,237 3,212 3,361 3,409 3,937 4,461 4,385 3,417 3,511 3,518 3,620 9,615 9,524 9,650 9,844 9,863 10,215 10, 725 10,748 10,321 10,396 10,325 10,507 U nemployed 1947__________ _____________________________________________ ____ _________ 1948____________■____________________________________________ ______ ______ 1949______________________________________________________________ _______ 1950________________________________________________________ _____________ 1951____________________________________________________________ ____ _____ 1952. ________ ______________________________________________ _____ ________ 1953 i____ _______________________ _____— ______ ___________________ _____ 1954_____________________ ________________________________________________ 1955____ __________________________________ ______________________ ____ _ 1956______________ ____ ____________________ _____________________ _______ 1957_______________________________________ _________ __________________ 1958_______________________________________________ _____ ________________ 1959_________________________________________ __________ ___________ _____ 1960 1____ __________________________________ _____________________ ______ . 1961___________________________________________ _______________ ________ _ 1962 i______________________________________ _____________ _____ _____ ____ 1963__________________________________________ ______ _______ _______ _____ 1964___________________________________________________________ ____ _____ 1965_______________________________________________________________ _____ _ 1966.____ ___________________________ ____________________________________ 1967 a . . . ........................... ........................................................................................... 1968.............................................. ................................................................................. 1969...______ ____________ ________ _____ __________________ _____ ________ 1970....................... .......................... ...................... .................................................. 1971-......................... ............ .............. ....................................... .......... ................... 930 863 1,255 1,074 609 613 563 1,005 846 873 925 1,379 1,197 1,294 1,550 1,356 1,541 1,532 1,431 1,281 1,350 1,382 1,413 1,969 2,378 414 407 575 513 336 345 307 501 450 478 496 678 654 711 828 720 883 872 874 836 838 839 853 1,105 1,257 177 178 238 226 168 180 150 221 211 231 230 299 301 324 363 311 420 435 411 395 401 413 436 536 594 237 229 337 287 168 165 157 280 239 247 266 379 353 387 465 409 463 437 463 441 438 425 417 569 663 516 456 680 561 273 268 256 504 396 395 429 701 543 583 722 636 658 660 557 445 512 543 560 864 1,121 1970 January _____________________________________________________________ 1,560 864 412 451 696 460 857 March_________________________________________ ________ ________ _____ _ A pril -------------- ----------------------------------------------------------- ------- ------------M a y .. ___________ ______________________________ _________ _____________ J u n e . .............................. ........... .............. ................................... .......... ................ J u ly ................................... ....................................................... ............................ A u g u st. _____________________ ________________ ______________________ September ___________ __________ ___ _________________ ________________ O c to b e r .. ____________ __________ ________ ____________________________ N ovem ber ___________ ______ ___ ____ ___ ______ ________________________ Decem ber ______________ ____ ________ ____ ____________ ________________ 1,591 1,588 1,497 2,754 2,401 2,052 2,129 2,058 2,212 2,056 863 883 776 1,783 1,451 1,137 1,131 1,133 1,235 1,129 431 449 368 903 741 520 544 532 566 550 432 434 408 880 710 616 587 601 669 579 728 705 721 971 950 915 998 925 977 927 1971 January............ ........................... ........................................... .......... .......... ............ February ..... ............ ....................... ................................................... ...... ......... _____ March_____ ___________ __________ ________________ ____________ A p ril ____________ _____ _________ _______ ______________ ______________ M ay ............ ........... ......... ...... ...................... ................... .............. ......... . ......................... ...... ............................. June _____ ________ ___________ . July _________ ________ ____ _____________ ___________ ________________ August ________ _____________________________________________________ Septem ber... . . ... . ______ . . ____________ ___________ O ctober._ ____________ ... ___ _________________________________ N ovem ber... __________ ____ _ _______________ _____ _________________ December______________ _____ _______ _______ _________ ______ __________ 2,332 2,351 2,271 2,050 2,048 3,223 2,877 2,443 2,291 2,169 2,327 2,154 1,168 1,127 1,142 1,030 981 1,879 1,727 1,272 1,190 1,161 1,244 1,167 517 472 516 489 454 950 893 605 530 561 590 550 651 655 626 541 527 929 834 667 660 599 654 617 1,164 1,224 1,129 1,020 1,067 1,344 1,150 1,171 1,101 1,008 1,083 987 1971 January............... ............. ............ ................................ ................................ .......... February............. ....................... ...................................................................... ....... M arch................ .................................................................... .................................. A p ril.................................... ......................................................... .......... .................. February......................... ................................................................................. 1,735 878 418 See footnotes at end of table. 59 T A B L E 17. Employment Status of Persons 1 6 -2 4 Years O ld , 1 9 4 7 -7 1 — Continued [In thousands] 16 to 19 years E m ploym ent status and year Total, 16 to 24 years 20 to 24 years T otal 16 and 17 18 and 19 U nemployment R ate 1947_______________________________________ ______________________________ 1948_______________________________________________________________________ 1949_______________________________________________________________________ 1950_______________________________________________________________________ 1951________________________________________________- --------------------------------1952______________________________________________________________________ 1953 i__________________________________________ ___________________________ 1954______________________________________ _____ _________— ................. 1955______________________________________________________________ ________ 1956_______________________________________________________________________ 1957_____________________________________________________________- .......... 1958________________________________________________________________ ______ 1959_____________________________________________________________ _________ 1960 1__________________________ ____________ ____________________________ 1961_______________________________________________________________________ 1962 i____________________________________________ _________________________ 1963____________________________________ - ____________________________— . 1964_____________________________________________________ - ______________ 1965_______________________________________________________________________ 1966______________________________________________________________________ 1967 2...................................................................................................................... . 1968............................................................................................................................... 1969........ .......................... ..................- ................. ................................................... . 1970.................................. ............................................................................................. 1971............................................................................................................................... mo January......................................................................................................................... F e b ru a ry ......................... .......................................................................................... March.................................................................................................................. ......... A p ril................. ............ ................................... ........................................................... June.............................................................................................................................. J u ly.............................................................................................................................. A ugust.................................... ..................................................................................... Septem ber......................................................................................................... ......... O ctober.......................... ................................................................................. ............ N ovem ber................................................................................................................ Decem ber______________________ __________ _________________ _____________ 1971 January................... ..................... .............................................................................. February................................... ......................................................................... ......... March______ ________________________________ _____________________________ June........................................................................... ....................................... .......... A ugust......................................................................... ................................................ September-------------------- -------------------------------------------------------- ------- ------------O ctob er........................................ ............................................................................... Novem ber......................................................................................................... .......... D ecem ber..................... .................................................................................... .......... 1See footnote 1, table 1. 1 Beginning with 1967, data m ay not be strictly comparable to prior years Digitized 6for FRASER 0 8.0 7.3 10.8 9.3 5.7 6.2 5.9 10.6 8.7 8.5 9.0 13.1 11.0 11.2 13.0 11.3 12.2 11.5 10.1 8.6 8.7 8.7 8.4 11.0 12.7 9.6 9.2 13.4 12.2 8.2 8.5 7.6 12.6 11.0 11.1 11.6 15.9 14.6 14.7 16.8 14.6 17.2 16.2 14.8 12.7 12.9 12.7 12.2 15.3 16.9 10.1 10.0 14.0 13.6 9.6 10.0 8.7 13.5 12.3 12.3 12.5 16.4 15.3 15.5 18.3 16.2 19.3 17.8 16.5 14.8 14.7 14.7 14.5 17.1 18.7 9.2 8.6 13.0 11.2 7.1 7.3 6.8 12.0 10.0 10.2 10.9 15.5 14.0 14.1 15.8 13.6 15.6 14.9 13.5 11.3 11.6 11.2 10.5 13.8 15.5 7.0 6.2 9.3 7.7 4.1 4.6 4.7 9.2 7.0 6.6 7.1 11.2 8.5 8.7 10.4 9.0 8.8 8.3 6.7 5.3 5.7 5.8 5.7 8.2 9.9 9.5 10.5 9.6 9.5 8.9 14.2 11.7 10.3 12.0 11.6 12.4 11.6 13.6 13.6 13.3 13.5 11.7 20.7 15.5 13.0 16.4 16.4 17.8 16.3 15.9 15.5 15.7 16.0 13.0 23.1 17.0 13.1 18.7 18.1 19.5 18.9 12.0 12.3 11.5 11.6 10.7 18.7 14.2 12.8 14.7 15.1 16.5 14.5 6.9 8.5 7.2 6.9 7.1 9.0 8.5 8.2 9.3 8.6 9.0 8.6 13.4 13.5 13.1 11.6 11.5 16.0 13.3 11.6 12.4 11.7 12.5 17.8 17.0 17.3 15.2 14.3 21.8 17.7 14.0 17.0 16.4 17.2 16.1 19.2 17.3 18.8 17.1 15.6 25.4 20.0 15.1 18.2 18.8 19.2 18.2 16.8 16.8 16.3 13.9 13.4 19.1 15.7 13.2 16.2 14.6 15.7 14.6 10.8 11.4 10.5 9.4 9.8 11.6 9.7 9.8 9.6 8.8 9.5 8 .6 118 because of basic changes in the concepts and definitions introduced in Jan uary 1967. T A B L E 18. Employment Status of Persons 16-21 Years O ld , b y Color, 1963-71 [In thousands] In school Period Civilian labor force Em ployed N ot in school Unem ployed Unem ploy ment rate N ot in the labor force Civilian labor force Em ployed Unem ployed Unem ploy ment rate N ot in the labor force W hite 1963 ................. ................- ......... 1964 ............. ............................... 1966_________ _____ ______ ______ 1966 ............. - ............................ 1967 ............................................. 1968 ............................................ 1969 ............................................ 1970 ............................................ 1971-.................- ------------------------ 1,727 1,948 2,169 2,341 2,617 2,666 2,703 2,697 2,437 1,460 1,647 1,862 2,057 2,263 2,382 2,416 2,223 1,993 267 301 307 284 254 274 286 375 444 15.5 15.5 14.2 12.1 10.1 10.3 10.6 14.4 18.2 4,447 4,808 5,091 5,097 5,199 5,338 5,299 5,227 5,464 5,608 5,776 5,921 6,132 6,415 6,586 6,815 7,283 7,875 4,910 5,105 5,306 5,604 5,823 5,989 6,233 6,492 6,930 698 671 615 528 593 597 582 791 945 12.4 11.6 10.4 8.6 9.2 9.1 8.5 10.9 12.0 2, 520 2,641 2,573 2,562 2,488 2,603 2,537 2,642 2,595 1970 January............. ...................... February.................................. March....................................... A p ril......................................... M ay............................. - ............ June.......................................... July........................................... A ugust................................ . September............................ . October..................... - ............ N ovem ber............................... December................................ 3,380 3,662 3,494 3,511 3,517 1,283 277 158 2,280 3,206 3,214 3,294 2,962 3,114 3,064 3,056 3,176 1,088 204 126 1,841 2,664 2,617 2,758 417 438 431 455 341 194 74 32 439 540 697 536 12.3 12.3 12.3 13.0 9.7 15.1 26.6 20.1 19.3 16.9 18.6 16.3 6,811 6,748 6,728 6,732 6,672 2,705 970 594 5,204 6,489 6,522 6,555 5,512 5,463 5,541 5,561 5,585 9,930 11,795 11,371 7,412 6,403 6,451 6,373 4,993 4,876 5,025 5,085 5,084 8,404 10,417 10,246 6,621 5,722 5,738 5,688 519 587 517 477 500 1,526 1,378 1,124 791 681 713 685 9.4 10.7 9.3 8.6 9.0 15.4 11.7 9.9 10.7 10.6 11.0 10.8 1,836 1,814 1,818 1,800 1,862 3,767 4,679 5,697 2,989 1,832 1,789 1,819 1971 January_____________ ______ February................ ........... March-------------------------------A p ril.................................. . M ay......................... ................ June.......................................J u ly ........................... .............. A ugust----------------------- ------S e p t e m b e r .-------- -----------October-------- --------------------N ovem ber------------ ------------December-------------------------- 2,913 3,116 3,016 2,955 3,086 1,314 205 82 2,692 3,187 3,339 3,337 2,369 2,598 2,445 2,456 2,609 957 139 50 2,134 2,613 2,740 2,802 544 518 571 499 478 358 67 32 558 574 599 535 18.7 16.6 18.9 16.9 15.5 27.2 32.5 39.1 20.7 18.0 18.0 16.0 6,863 6,968 7,083 6,740 6,782 3,285 1,060 678 6,339 6,662 6,609 6,494 6,412 6,208 6,220 6,485 6,490 10,164 12,402 12,015 7,305 6,897 6,912 6,994 5,576 5,382 5,495 5,847 5,808 8,562 10,754 10, .690 6,525 6,190 6,093 6,242 837 827 725 639 681 1,603 1,648 1,325 781 707 819 752 13.1 13.3 11.6 9.8 10.5 15.8 13.3 11.0 10.7 10.2 11.9 10.8 1,899 1,835 1,890 2,078 1,944 3,595 4,730 5,665 2,150 1,789 1,740 1,823 145 159 193 232 242 234 243 242 226 102 117 137 179 176 171 185 164 141 43 42 56 53 67 63 58 77 85 29.7 26.4 29.0 22.8 27.7 26.9 24.0 32.0 37.7 584 643 720 758 812 840 883 943 1,066 814 852 876 905 987 1,052 1,076 1,095 1,092 604 653 703 718 783 853 876 843 816 210 199 173 187 205 199 200 252 275 25.8 23.4 19.7 20.7 20.8 18.9 18.6 23.0 25.2 432 456 454 445 447 482 495 541 555 1970 January................................... February................................ M arch...................................... A p ril....................... ............... M ay......... ................... ........... June----------------------------------July.......................................... A ugu st.................................... September.............................. O ctober........... .............. ......... N ovem ber.............................. December................................ 320 336 285 326 263 139 72 37 188 294 332 308 226 248 222 238 204 75 37 23 114 181 208 196 94 88 63 88 58 64 35 15 74 113 124 112 29.2 26.2 22.1 26.9 22.2 46.0 0) 0) 39.3 38.4 37.3 36.4 1,122 1,141 1,173 1,189 1,223 546 266 167 993 1,167 1,165 1,169 920 867 924 901 961 1,477 1,628 1,580 1,046 957 939 948 758 700 747 726 784 991 1,214 1, 214 788 743 705 749 162 167 177 175 177 486 414 366 258 213 234 198 17.6 19.2 19.2 19.4 18.4 25.4 23.1 24.6 22.3 24.9 20.9 395 425 407 388 376 667 873 1,049 612 431 424 447 1971 January___________________ February---------------------------March_____________ ________ A p ril___________ , __________ M a y...................................— June_____________ _________ J u ly ----------------------------------A u g u s t ..................... ............ S eptem b er............................. October______ _____________ N ovem ber_________________ D ecem ber...................... ......... 1 278 285 283 265 252 138 55 29 245 314 287 278 176 193 183 168 171 68 28 21 142 174 184 180 102 91 101 97 81 70 27 8 103 140 102 98 36.8 32.0 35.5 36.7 32.0 50.8 49.5 28.4 42.1 44.6 35.7 35.1 1,222 1,291 1,289 1,256 1,325 711 285 179 1,300 1,303 1,313 1,317 871 875 924 947 949 1,364 1,731 1,593 982 957 944 960 653 654 711 730 736 877 1,260 1,219 740 751 738 725 218 221 213 216 213 487 472 374 242 206 206 235 '25.0 25.3 23.1 22.9 22.5 35.7 27.2 23.5 24.7 21.5 21.8 24.5 511 440 408 448 399 721 872 1,153 437 400 436 433 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 N egro and O ther R aces ......................................................................... .......................................................................... ______ ____________ ____________________ ... .................................................. ................. .................................... ................... ................ ......................................................................... .......................................................................... 1970 1971 ............................................................ ____________________ ____________ 32.9 1 Percent not shown where base is less than 100,000. 61 T A B L E 19. Employed Persons, by Occupation G roup, Color, and Sex, Selected Years, 1959-71 1959 1965 Negro and other races White 1966 Negro and other races White 1967 Negro and other races White Negro and other races White Occupation group Male Fe male A ll occupation groups: N um ber (thousands)------ 39,493 18,512 Percent---------- ---------------- 100.0 100.0 Professional, technical, and kindred workers------------ ------Medical and other health workers_____________________ Teachers, except college----------Other professional, technical, and kindred workers........ ....... Farmers and farm managers----------Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm------------------Salaried workers------- --------------Self-employed workers in retail trade...... ............ — Self-employed workers, except retail trade-------------Clerical and kindred workers--------Stenographers, typists and secretaries-----------------------------Other clerical and kindred workers_____________________ Salesworkers______________________ Retail trade___________________ Other salesworkers------------------Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers_____________________ Carpenters ____________ Construction craftsmen, except carpenters----------------------------Mechanics and repairmen--------Metal craftsmen, except m e chanics - _____ Other craftsmen and kindred workers_____________________ Foremen, not elsewhere clas sified________________________ Operatives and kindred workers— Drivers and deliverymen......... Other operatives and kindred worklers: Durable goods manufactur ing______________________ N ondurable goods manu facturing------------------------Other industries------ ---------Private household w o r k e rs ----- - - Service workers, except private household-----------------------------Protective service workers-------Waiters, cooks, and bartenders. Other service workers_________ Farm laborers and foremen_____ .. Paid workers . - _____ ______ Unpaid family workers________ Laborers, except farm and m ine— Construction ___ Manufacturing . . -- ________ Other industries----------------------See footnotes at end of table. Digitized62 for FRASER Male Fe male Fe male Male Fe male F e male Male F e male 3,972 100.0 2,652 41,844 21,601 100.0 100.0 100.0 4,496 100.0 3,147 42,331 22,690 100.0 100.0 100.0 4,588 100.0 3,288 42,834 23,528 100.0 100.0 100.0 Male Male Male Fe male Male Fe male 4,646 100.0 3,366 100.0 11.2 12.9 3.6 6.1 12.8 13.9 5.7 8.5 13.2 14.1 5.8 8.7 13.8 14.4 6 .2 9.1 1.3 .9 3.7 5.5 .5 .6 1.5 3.3 1.3 1.2 3.8 5.5 .7 1.1 1.9 4.6 1.3 1.3 3.7 5.6 .9 1.0 2.2 4.4 1.3 1.4 3.8 5.8 1 .0 .9 2 .2 4.7 8.9 6.8 3.8 .6 2.4 5.5 1.3 .6 10.2 4.7 4.6 .5 4.0 2.7 1.9 .5 10.5 4.4 4.8 .5 3.9 2.4 2.1 .5 11.0 4.1 4.9 .4 4.3 2 .2 2 .2 .2 14.6 7.3 5.5 2.7 2.8 .9 2.0 .5 14.5 8.9 4.9 2.9 3.4 1.5 1.6 .6 14.4 9.2 4.9 3.1 3.4 1.6 1.5 .7 14.4 10.3 4.8 3.2 3.4 2 .0 1.5 .7 3.4 1.8 1.0 1.2 2.5 1.3 .9 .7 2.2 1.1 .8 .5 1.8 1.0 .7 .5 3.9 7.0 1.0 33.1 .9 5.1 .3 7.6 3.2 7.2 .6 34.7 1.0 5.7 .3 11.8 2.9 7.2 .7 35.4 1.0 6.7 .3 13.5 2.2 7.2 .6 35.6 .8 7.3 .2 16.6 .2 11.8 .2 2.6 .1 12.6 .1 3.4 .1 12.8 .1 4.0 .1 12.6 .1 4.7 6.9 6.3 2.5 3.9 21.3 8.8 7.8 1.0 5.0 1.2 .7 .5 5.0 1.4 1.1 .3 7.1 6.1 2.5 3.7 22.1 8.3 7.4 .9 5.6 1.6 1.0 .6 8.4 2.0 1.7 .2 7.1 6.1 2.5 3.7 22.6 8.0 7.1 .9 6.6 1.7 1.1 .6 9.5 1.9 1.6 .3 7.0 6.0 2.4 3.6 22.9 7.8 6.9 .9 7.2 1.5 .9 .6 11.9 2 .0 1 .8 .3 20.2 2.1 1.1 0) 9.5 .7 .5 20.2 1.9 1.1 0) 11.1 .9 .7 20.7 1.9 1.0 0) 12.6 1.1 .7 20.9 1.8 1. 1 (l) 1 2.8 1.1 .6 4.1 4.8 .1 .1 2.4 3.2 4.0 5.2 .1 .1 3.1 3.3 4.3 5.2 0) .1 3.5 3.5 4.1 5.4 .1 .1 3.4 4.1 0) 1.5 .1 2.7 .1 1.4 .4 2.6 0) 0) 0) 2.5 .9 0) 0) (0 1.1 .1 2.6 0 0) C1) .1 4.0 .4 1.9 .2 3.8 .6 2.0 .4 3.8 .5 2.0 .3 3.8 .5 2 .0 .3 2.6 19.3 5.1 .4 15.6 .1 .4 23.8 7.8 .2 14.2 .1 2.7 20.1 5.1 .4 15.3 .2 .7 26.4 7.3 .2 14.5 .1 2.9 20.1 5.1 .3 15.7 .2 1.0 27.5 7.7 .2 15.9 .2 3.0 19.6 4.9 .4 15.3 .2 .9 28.1 7.5 .1 17.1 .2 6.0 4.3 6.2 2.2 7.0 4.3 8.1 2.7 7.2 4.9 8.9 3.0 7.0 5.0 9.7 3.7 3.6 4.5 0) 8.3 2.8 5.2 3.3 6.5 .4 5.2 6.7 36.1 3.7 4.3 .1 8.2 2.6 4.6 4.4 6.6 .4 5.8 6.0 30.1 3.6 4.3 .1 8.1 2.5 4.2 4.8 6.0 .3 6.6 6.1 27.8 3.5 4.3 .1 7.6 2.4 3.9 5.1 5.9 .2 7.4 5.8 24.5 5.4 1.8 .9 2.7 2.7 2.0 .7 6.4 1.5 2.1 2.9 13.4 .2 5.5 7.7 3.5 .6 2.9 .4 0) .3 .2 14.1 21.7 .1 .6 5.0 2.5 16.6 11.1 9.1 9.0 5.5 7.3 1.7 3.6 25.1 .8 6.3 0) 7.4 .3 11.4 1 .5 5.9 1.9 1.0 3.0 2.1 1.6 .5 6.3 1.3 1.8 3.1 14.1 .2 5.6 8.4 2.2 .4 1.8 .4 0) .2 .2 15.1 .7 2.5 11.8 6.9 6.3 .6 21.0 4.9 5.8 10.2 24.7 .1 5.8 18.8 4.8 3.4 1.4 .7 fi.l 1.9 1.1 3.1 1.9 1.5 .4 6.0 1.2 1.8 2.9 14.1 .2 5.3 8.6 2.0 .4 1.6 .4 15.3 .9 2.5 11.9 4.9 4.6 .3 19.6 4.4 5.5 9.7 25.7 .2 6.1 19.4 3.3 2.4 .9 .6 6.1 2.0 1.0 3.1 2.0 1.6 .4 5.9 1.2 1.8 2.9 14.5 .2 5.6 8.7 1.8 .4 1.4 .4 (l) .2 .1 14.7 1.4 2 .2 11.2 4.8 4. 5 .3 18.8 4.2 5.9 8.6 24.8 .1 5.9 18.7 2.8 2. 2 .6 .8 0) .3 .5 0) .2 .1 .2 .4 T A B L E 19. Employed Persons, by Occupation Group, Color, and Sex, Selected Years, 1 9 5 9 -7 1 — Continued 1968 White Occupation group Male Female 1969 Negro and other races Male Female White Male Female A ll occupation groups: N um ber (thousands)------- 43,411 24,340 4,702 3,467 44,048 25,470 Percent__________ _______ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 _ - “ “ Professional, technical, and kin 14.1 14.6 dred workers...................................6.6 9.5 14.6 14.3 Medical and other health workers. 1.4 3.8 .9 1.4 2.3 3.7 1.4 5.8 1.5 Teachers, except college.............. 1.1 4.7 5.6 Other professional, technical, and kindred workers------------11.3 5.0 4.7 2.5 11.7 5.1 3.8 Fanners and farm managers....... . . . 4.0 2.0 .2 .3 .3 Managers, officials, and propri 14.7 4.9 3.6 14.8 1.6 4.7 etors, except farm ---------------- ------1.9 10.7 Salaried workers............ ........... 10.6 .8 3.3 3.3 Self-employed workers in .8 1.8 1.8 .5 .9 retail trade........— ........... 1.0 Self-employed workers, ex 2.2 .2 cept retail trade...... ........... .6 1.0 2.3 .6 7.1 7.0 Clerical and kindred workers........... 7.1 36.0 18.3 36.3 Stenographers, typists and .1 .1 12.8 secretaries----------------------------.1 5.0 12.6 Other clerical and kindred 6.8 23.2 7.0 7.0 23.7 13.3 w o rk e rs ..................................... 2.2 5.9 1.7 6.1 7.6 7.6 Salesworkers........ ................... ............ 1.0 1.9 2.4 6.7 2.3 6. 7 Retail trade.................................. .8 3.5 .9 Other salesworkers........ . ............ .9 3.7 .3 Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers-------- ------------- ------- --------13.4 20.8 1.2 20.9 1.2 .8 1.9 (i) 0) 1.0 Carpenters..................................... 1.9 Construction craftsmen, except .1 4.0 carpenters— ............... ........... 4.0 3.3 0) 0) Mechanics and repairmen.......... .1 4.4 .1 5.6 .1 5.5 Metal craftsmen, except m e .1 2.6 2.7 .1 1.4 .1 chanics---------------------------------Other craftsmen and kindred 3.7 .6 3.8 .6 2.3 .4 workers........ ............................... Foremen, not elsewhere clas .4 .9 3.0 .2 3.0 .4 sified....... .................................... 19.4 28.2 15.0 Operatives and kindred w orkers.. 15.0 17.4 19.3 4.9 Drivers and deliverymen........... 7.4 4.9 .1 .3 .3 Other operatives and kindred workers: Durable goods manufac 6.8 4.9 9.7 6.7 4.9 turing................................... 4.3 N ondurable goods manu 3.4 7.4 7.7 facturing.............................. 3.4 7.6 5.3 5.9 4.3 2.4 4.2 5.3 Other industries.................... 2.3 .1 3.5 22.1 3.8 Private household workers................ .1 .3 Service workers except private 5.9 14.9 14.2 14.4 25.1 6.0 household.......................................... 1.9 .2 .2 .2 1.9 1.3 Protective service workers......... 1.0 5.4 2.5 5.8 1.0 5.5 Waiters, cooks, and bartenders.. 9.2 3.0 10.4 19.1 8.8 3.1 Other service workers.......... ....... 4.8 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.8 2.3 Farm laborers and foremen------------1.4 4.6 .3 1.5 1.7 .3 Paid workers....... ..................... .2 .5 .3 1.3 .4 1.4 Unpaid family workers....... ....... 6.1 .5 5.9 18.1 .4 .6 Laborers, except farm and m ine___ 1.4 1.2 4.4 Construction__________________ C1) 0) .2 1.7 5.7 .3 1.7 .3 Manufacturing................. ............ .2 .2 8.1 3.0 .3 3.0 Other industries........................... 1Less than 0.05 percent. N o t e : Comparisons of 1971 data with those for previous years are affected by the reclassification of census occupations that was introduced in January 1970 Negro and other races Male 4,770 100.0 Fe male Negro and other races White Male 1971 Fe male Male 3,614 44,157 26,025 100.0 100.0 100.0 --------- — 4,803 100.0 Fe male Negro and other . races White Male Fe male Male 3,642 44,499 26,217 4,746 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 — — — — F e male 3,658 100.0 7.0 .9 1.2 10.0 2.3 4.8 14.6 1.4 1.6 15.0 3.8 5.8 7.8 .8 1.3 10.8 2.5 4.9 14.3 1.4 1.7 15.1 3.9 6.7 7.8 1.0 1.2 10.6 2.5 4.9 4.8 1.6 3.0 .2 11.6 3.6 5.3 .3 5.7 1.7 3.3 .1 11.2 3.4 4.5 .3 5.5 1.2 3.2 .1 4.2 2.2 1.5 .8 15.3 11.3 4.8 3.4 4.7 2.7 1.9 1.2 15.6 11.8 5.4 3.9 5.4 3.6 2.4 1.6 .9 .5 1.8 .9 1.0 .5 1.8 1.0 .9 .5 1.0 7.6 .2 19.9 2.2 7.1 .5 36.4 1.0 7.4 .2 20.8 2.0 6.6 .5 35.6 .9 7.4 .2 22.0 .1 5.3 .1 12.5 .1 5.1 .1 12.8 .1 6.1 7.4 1.8 1.0 .8 14.6 2.3 2.0 .2 7.0 6.1 2.4 3.6 23.9 7.7 6.7 1.0 7.3 1.8 1.1 .7 15.7 2.5 2.3 .2 6.5 6.3 2.4 3.9 22.8 7.8 6.8 1.1 7.3 1.9 1.1 .8 15.8 2.7 2.4 .3 14.2 1.1 .9 20.8 1.7 1.2 13.8 1.1 .8 20.6 1.9 1.3 0) 13.2 1.0 1.0 3.4 4.5 0) .1 4.0 5.8 .1 .1 3.1 4.5 0) .1 4.2 5.1 1.5 .1 2.6 .1 1.3 (l) 2.5 .5 3.7 .6 2.4 1.2 28.2 7.0 .2 18.3 .2 3.0 18.7 4.7 .4 14.1 .4 1.3 28.3 7.1 10.7 4.9 6.4 4.6 5.3 5.2 .3 8.3 5.0 19.4 3.2 4.3 .1 6.9 2.2 3.4 13.2 1.4 2.3 9.5 4.3 4.1 24.8 .2 5.3 19.3 1.8 1.4 6.0 1.9 1.0 3.0 1.7 1.3 15.3 .2 5.7 9.3 1.5 1.2 .2 17.8 4.2 5.6 8.0 .8 6.2 1.4 1.6 3.2 .3 .4 .4 .4 .3 0) .1 3.7 3.2 2.4 .1 1.2 .1 .4 4.2 .8 2.7 .6 .3 17.6 .2 2.7 17.4 4.8 .4 13.0 .4 1.5 26.5 7.5 .2 15.4 .2 10.0 4.2 6.5 4.2 9.6 3.9 5.6 5.6 3.0 3.2 .1 6.5 1.9 3.2 5.1 4.3 .3 8.6 4.6 17.5 7.5 3.9 16.5 25.6 .1 5.1 20.4 1.5 1.2 7.4 2.1 1.1 4.2 1.7 1.3 16.0 .2 5.7 10.1 1.4 .3 12.8 1.5 2.1 9.2 3.9 3.6 .4 (l) .2 .2 17.5 4.2 5.0 8.2 15.2 2.0 2.3 11.0 3.6 3.5 .1 17.5 .4 .7 0) .2 .5 0) .3 .3 6.6 1.1 1.4 1.7 3.6 0) .8 .3 .5 .3 4.4 4.7 8.4 0) .1 27.0 .2 5.1 21.7 1.4 1.2 .2 1.0 0) .3 .7 1971. For an explanation of the changes, see “ Revisions in Occupation Clas sifications for 1971” in the February 1971 issue of E m p l o y m e n t and E a r n in g s . 63 T A B L E 20. Employed Persons/16 Years O ld and O ver, by M ajor Occupation Group and Nonagricultural Industry G ro u p /1971 [Percent distribution] Industry group Forestry, fisheries, and m ining______ _______ Construction______________________ _______ Manufacturing. _____________________________ Durable goods__________________________ N ondurable goods------- -------------------------Transportation and public u tilitie s._______ Wholesale and retail trade. _______________ Wholesale_________ _____________________ R etail__________________________________ Finance, insurance, and real estate........... ... Service_____ ________________________________ Educational services__________ _________ A ll other__________ _____________________ P ublic administration______________________ A ll occu pation groups 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Profes sional, technical, and kindred workers Managers, officials, and pro prietors, except farm 13.7 3.8 9.9 11.6 7.6 7.8 2.0 2.9 1.8 4.7 37.1 67.3 27.1 17.2 8.5 11.3 6.4 6.3 6.6 9.3 20.7 21.4 20.5 21.6 8.0 6.4 8.8 13.2 N ote : Comparisons of 1971 data with those for previous years are affected b y the reclassification of census occupations that was introduced in January 1971. For an explanation of the changes, see “ Revisions in Occupation 4 Digitized 6for FRASER Clerical and kindred workers 8.5 6.5 12.0 11.6 12.5 23.7 16.3 21,. 8 15.0 45.6 17.4 16.3 18.0 37.0 Salesworkers 0.1 .3 2.3 1.4 3.5 .8 22.9 21.5 23.2 19.5 .6 .1 .9 .1 Crafts men, foremen, and kindred workers 21.8 53.5 18.9 21.6 15.3 22.4 7.2 7.8 7.1 1.5 5.0 1.9 6.5 6.1 Opera tives and kindred workers 34.6 7.3 42.9 39.6 47.6 25.0 10.7 16.4 9.3 .3 4.1 .8 5.8 2.3 Service workers, except private house hold 1.6 .6 2.2 2.1 2.3 3.1 14.8 1.1 17.9 6.5 26.2 16.2 31.2 20.8 Laborers, except farm and mine 11.1 16.6 5.3 5.6 4.9 8.0 5.4 7.1 5.1 1.4 1.5 .9 1.7 3.3 Classifications for 1971” in the February 1971 issue of Employment and Earnings. T A B L E 21. Full- and Part-Time Status o f the Civilian Labor Force, by A g e and Sex, 1963-71 [In thousands] Full time Year and item Civilian labor force T otal 1963............................................. ............................... ............ . 1964_____ _____________ _____________________________ . . . 1966.............................. .......... ............................................... 1966________________________________________________ . . . . 1966 2_____________________ __________ ________________ 1967 3____ ___________ ___________________________________ 1968................................................................................................ 1969............................................ ............ ........................ ............ 1970....................................— - ............ — - ................................. 1971.............................- ..................... : ....................................... Em ployed 1 Part time Unem ployed, looking for full-time work Unem ploym ent rate Civilian labor force Em ployed (voluntary part time) Unem ployed, looking for part-time work Unem ploym ent rate 64,205 65,008 66,135 66,933 66,702 67,465 68,332 69,700 71,019 72,078 60,667 61,807 63,318 64,590 64,388 65,173 66,195 67,558 67,819 68,130 3,538 3,200 2,817 2,344 2,314 2,293 2,138 2,142 3,201 3,949 5.5 4.9 4.3 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.1 3.1 4.5 5.5 8,771 9,225 9,500 10,107 9,067 9,882 10,405 11,032 11,696 12,034 8,138 8,549 8,861 9,475 8,507 9,199 9,726 10,343 10,808 10,990 633 676 639 632 560 683 679 689 887 1,044 7.2 7.3 6.7 6.3 6 .2 6.9 6.5 6 .2 7.6 8.7 A u gu st------------------------------------------- ---------- ......................... September........... ............................... ................. .................... O ctober................... ......................................................... .......... N ovem b er—. ------------------------ ------- --------------------------------D e ce m b e r..................................... ................. ............. ............ 68,869 69,018 69,116 69,256 69,383 73,555 74,884 74,610 71,329 70,756 70,724 70,735 66,290 66,114 66,247 66,467 66,541 69,610 71,132 71,169 68,186 67,609 67,302 67,153 2,579 2,904 2,869 2,787 2,842 3,945 3,753 3,441 3,143 3,146 3,422 3,583 3.7 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.1 5.4 5.0 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.8 5.1 11,850 12,266 12,574 12,706 12,358 10,496 9,917 9,504 11, 218 12,420 12,624 12,416 11,023 11,375 11,711 11,940 11,816 9,772 9,159 8,725 10,069 11,306 11,439 11,363 827 890 863 765 542 724 757 779 1,149 1,113 1,185 1,053 7.0 7.3 6.9 6 .0 4.4 6.9 7.6 8 .2 1 0 .2 9.0 9.4 8.5 1971 January------------------- ------------- ----------------------------------------February------ -------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------M arch------ ------------- ------------------------------------- -----------------A p ril.______ ____________ ________ _____________________ M a y ________________ _____________ _____________________ June____________________________________________________ July______ ________ __________________ ________________A ugust-------------- -------- ---------------------------------------------------September------------------------------ ------- -------------------------------O ctober.......... .............. ................................. ............................. Novem ber_______________ _________ _____________________ December------------- ------------------------------------ ------------ --------- 70,226 70,304 69,896 70,211 70,601 74,058 75,871 75,817 72,291 71,685 71,969 72,012 65,983 66,012 65,828 66,512 66,968 69,402 71,435 71,715 68,642 68,299 68,395 68,362 4,243 4,292 4,068 3,699 3,633 4,657 4,437 4,102 3,660 3,386 3,575 3,649 6 .0 6 .1 5.8 5.3 5.1 6.3 5.8 5.4 5.0 4.7 5.0 5.1 12,426 12,399 12,772 12,687 12,503 10,910 10,140 9,861 11,843 12,950 13,049 12,871 11,255 11,250 11,666 11,692 11,742 10,077 9,247 8,902 10,653 11,766 11,810 11,826 1,171 1,149 1,107 995 761 833 893 959 1,190 1,184 1,240 1,046 9.4 9.3 8.7 7.8 6 .1 7.6 8 .8 9.7 1 0 .0 9.1 9.5 8 .1 M en , 20 Y ears and O ve r 1963............ .......................................... ....................................... 1964______________ _________ ____________________________ 1965_____ ___________ _____________ _____________________ 1966_____________ _______________________________________ 19673 ........................ .................................... .............. ............ . 1968................................................................................................ 1969.................................................................................. .......... 1970............ ..................... ............................................................. 1971............................ ............................................. ..................... 42,608 42,925 43,243 43,145 43,514 43,893 44,248 44,932 45,526 40,748 41,316 41,892 42,106 42,543 42,997 43,386 43,433 43,604 1,860 1,609 1,351 1,039 971 896 862 1,500 1,922 4.4 3.7 3.1 2.4 2 .2 2 .0 1.9 3.3 4.2 1,616 1,679 1,616 1,641 1,840 1, 959 2,103 2,257 2,334 1,503 1,570 1,530 1,561 1,752 1,863 2,00 2 2 ,120 2,171 112 109 86 79 89 96 101 137 164 6.9 6.5 5.3 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.8 6 .1 7.0 44,188 44,312 44,449 44,565 44,742 45,567 45,644 46,702 42,864 42,784 42,982 43,183 43,423 44,085 44,097 44,206 1,324 1,528 1,468 1,381 1,319 1,483 1,547 1,496 3.0 3.4 3.3 3.1 2.9 3.3 3.4 3.3 2,234 2,364 2,407 2,463 2,325 2,035 2,056 1,950 2,102 2,214 2,269 2, 346 2,241 1,934 1,936 1,824 132 150 138 117 84 101 121 126 5.9 6.4 5.7 4.7 3.6 5.0 5.9 6.5 45,156 4 4 ,923 44,951 44,989 4 3 ,7 5 0 4 3 ,4 4 8 43,315 43 ,0 5 8 1,406 1,476 1,635 1 ,932 3 .1 3 .3 3 .6 4 .3 2 ,1 6 8 2 ,3 8 5 2 ,3 8 4 2 ,3 1 2 2 ,0 1 2 2 ,2 2 5 2 ,2 0 5 2 ,1 3 6 156 160 179 176 1 7 .2 6 .7 7 .5 7 .6 A ugust........ .............. ....................... ................. ........................ September....................... ........................................................... October____ ___________________________________________ N ovem ber....................................................................... .......... D ecember...... .......... .......................... ............. .................. 44,903 4 4 ,9 2 0 4 4 ,866 45,051 45,299 46,092 46,326 46,416 45,778 45,479 45,606 45,582 4 2 ,580 42 ,5 5 4 4 2 ,6 9 8 4 3 ,1 3 0 43,521 4 4 ,208 44,476 44 ,5 4 2 4 4 ,123 4 3 ,8 9 2 43,865 4 3 ,6 6 2 2 ,3 2 3 2,365 2,169 1 ,9 2 2 1 ,778 1 ,883 1 ,850 1 ,8 7 4 1 ,6 5 4 1 ,586 1 ,740 1 ,9 2 0 5 .2 5 .3 4 .8 4 .3 3 .9 4 .1 4 .0 4 .0 3 .6 3 .5 3 .8 4 .2 2 ,393 2,361 2,501 2 ,6 1 4 2 ,3 8 5 2,129 2 ,067 2 ,0 3 8 2 ,287 2 ,5 2 4 2 ,407 2 ,4 0 8 2 ,1 7 0 2 ,1 4 4 2 ,2 9 8 2 ,365 2 ,259 2 ,0 1 8 1 ,9 3 4 1 ,9 2 3 2 ,1 1 3 2 ,3 5 5 2 ,2 2 5 2 ,2 4 5 223 217 202 149 126 111 133 115 174 169 182 163 9 .3 9 .2 8 .1 5 .9 5 .3 5 .2 6 .4 5 .7 7 .6 6 .7 7 .6 6 .8 W omen , 20 Y ears and O ver 1963 _______________________ ____________ ______________________ 1964 ______________________________________________________________ 1965 ___________________ ____________________________ _____ _ 1966 ______________________ _____________________ ________________ 1 9 6 7 »______ _______________________________________________________ 1968................................................ .................................................................... 1969_______ _____ _______________________________________ ______ 1970 ____________________ __________________________ _______ _ 1971_______________________________________________ _____________ 18,141 18,637 19,138 19,648 20,293 20,778 21,674 22,208 22,600 17,110 17,643 18,260 18,908 19,453 20,014 20,874 21,132 21,288 1,031 994 878 740 840 765 801 1,076 1,313 5 .7 5 .3 4 .6 3 .8 4 .1 3 .7 3 .7 4 .8 5 .8 4 ,3 3 6 4,461 4 ,5 5 0 4 ,7 7 8 5,181 5 ,488 5 ,7 3 8 6 ,0 7 1 6,199 4 ,1 4 5 4,261 4,371 4 ,5 9 9 4,9 4 4 5,268 5 ,524 5 ,8 0 0 5,861 186 200 179 179 238 220 214 271 337 4 .3 4 .5 3 .9 3 .7 4 .6 4 .0 3. 7 4. 5 5. 4 1970 January........ .......... ........................ ...................- .............. ....... February-------------- ------------------- ------------------------ ---------- March__________________ ______ _________ _______________ A p ril...................................................... .................- .................. M ay......................................... — ------- ------------------------------ 1970 Jan uary....................... ........................ ................... ............... F ebruary...................................................... .............................. March..................................................... ............ ......................... A p r il....................... .......... ...................................................... J uly........... ................... — ....................... - ......................... ....... A ugust.............................. .......... ............................................... September........... .............................. ........................................ October------------------- ------- ---------- ------- -------- - .......... .......... N ovem ber............................... ..............................................— Decem ber________________________________ ______________ 1971 January................. ................ ................................ ............. ....... February........................ ........... ................................ ................ March----- ----------------- ---------- ------------- ---------------------------A p ril........ ................................... ................................................ June............................................... ...................... ................... . See footnotes at end of table. 65 T A B L E 21. Full- and Part-Time Status of the Civilian Labor Force, by A g e and Sex, 1 9 6 3 -7 1 — Continued [In thousands] Full time Year and item Civilian Labor Force W o m e n , 20 Y ears and Em ployed 1 Part time Unem ployed, looking for full-time work Unem ploym ent rate Civilian labor force E m ployed (voluntary part time) Unem ployed, looking for part-time work Unem ploym ent rate O ve r —C ontinued 1970 January.............................................................................. February........................................................................... March.......................... ...................................................... A p r i l................................................................................. M ay..................................................................................... June.................................................................................... July..................................................................................... A u g u s t ......... ....... ............................................................ Septem ber......................................................................... October.............. ............................................................... N ovem ber......................................................................... Decem ber.......................................................................... 21,902 21,914 21,914 21,908 21,705 22,083 22,224 22,469 22,472 22,668 22,603 22,636 21,033 20,960 20,940 20,958 20, 695 21,004 21,084 21,266 21,271 21,495 21,390 21,488 868 953 974 951 1,010 1,079 1,140 1,202 1,201 1,173 1,241 1,147 4.0 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.7 4.9 5.1 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.4 5.1 6,043 6,252 6,434 6,473 6,328 5,743 5,506 5,222 5,837 6,271 6,454 6,292 5,825 5,967 6,144 6,253 6,133 5,519 5,255 4,963 5,440 5,954 6,11 0 6,641 218 285 289 221 195 224 251 259 397 318 343 251 3.6 4.6 4.5 3.4 3.1 3.9 4.6 5.0 6 .8 5.1 5.3 4.0 22,439 22,521 22,228 22,276 22,264 22, 277 22,245 22,782 23,010 22,949 23,106 23,107 21,078 21,160 20,887 21,003 21,018 20,939 20,923 21,360 21,583 21,679 21,859 21,962 1,361 1,361 1,340 1,273 1,246 1,338 1,322 1,422 1,427 1,270 1, 247 1,145 6 .1 6 .0 6 .0 5.7 5.6 6 .0 5.9 6 .2 6 .2 5.5 5.4 5.0 6,344 6,283 6,482 6,296 6,304 5,866 5,607 5,372 6,067 6,590 6,656 6,521 6,006 5,911 6,161 5,975 6,040 5,587 5,309 4,994 5,672 6,207 6,254 6,22 0 338 371 321 321 263 279 297 378 395 383 402 301 5.3 5.9 5.0 5.1 4.2 4.8 5.3 7.0 6.5 5.8 6 .0 4.6 3,455 3,445 3,756 4,140 3,909 3,659 3,661 3,778 3,879 3,952 2, 808 2,848 3,166 3,576 3,374 3,177 3,184 3,300 3,253 3,237 647 597 590 564 535 482 476 479 625 714 18.8 17.3 15.7 13.6 13.7 13.2 13.0 12.7 16.1 18.1 2,830 3,086 3,335 3,688 .2,648 2,861 2,958 3,191 3,367 3,501 2,490 2,719 2,960 3,314 2,346 2, 505 2, 595 2,817 2,88 8 2,958 335 367 375 374 302 356 362 374 480 543 11.8 11.9 11.2 10.1 11.4 12.4 12.3 11.7 14.2 15.5 2,779 2,792 2,752 2,781 2,936 5,904 7,016 6,439 3,700 3,164 3,170 3,110 2,393 2,369 2,325 2,326 2,423 4,521 5,950 5,696 3,164 2,667 2,596 2,607 386 423 427 455 513 1,383 1,066 743 536 497 573 504 13.9 15.1 15.5 16.4 17.5 23.4 15.2 11.5 14.5 15.7 18.1 16.2 3,573 3,650 3,734 3,770 3, 705 2, 718 2,354 2,333 3,213 3,763 3,786 3,812 3,096 3,194 3,298 3,342 3,442 2,319 1,969 1,938 2,617 3,127 3,123 3,186 477 455 435 428 263 399 386 394 596 636 662 626 13.4 12.5 11.7 11.3 7.1 14.7 16.4 16.9 18.5 16.9 17.5 16.4 2,884 2,864 2,802 2,883 3,038 5,690 7,300 6,619 3,504 3,257 3,258 3,323 2,325 2,298 2,242 2,379 2,429 4,255 6,036 5, 813 2,935 2,728 2,670 2,738 558 566 559 504 609 1,435 1,264 806 569 529 588 585 19.4 19.7 20.0 17.5 20.0 25.2 17.3 1 2.2 16.2 16.2 18.1 17.6 3,689 3,755 3,789 3,878 3,815 2,915 2,466 2,450 3,489 3,836 3,986 3,943 3,079 3,194 3,206 3,352 3,442 2,472 2,003 1,985 2,868 3,204 3,330 3,361 610 561 583 526 372 443 463 465 621 632 656 582 16.5 14.9 15.4 13.6 9.8 15.2 18.8 19.0 17.8 16.5 16.5 14.8 1971 J an uary... February.. March____ A p ril_____ M ay______ June_____ July______ A ugust___ September O ctober. _ Novem ber December. B oth S e x e s , 14-19 Y e a r s 1963 ___ ____________________________________ 1964 __ _________________________ _______ _ 1965 __ _____________________ _______________ 1966 __ ___________________________ _____ _ 1966 4________________________ _____ ________ _ 1967 3 . . . . .................................................................. 1968 ......................................................................... 1969 ______________ _______ __________ ______ 1970 ......................................................................... 1971 ______________________ ________ ______ 1970 January..................... ................... February...................................... M a rch ........................................... A p ril.............................................. May__ _________________ ____ J u n e .. . . ..................................... J u l y . . . . ............. .......................... A u gu st.................... ................... September.................. ................. October......................................... N ovem ber. ............ .................... December.................................. 1971 Jan uary.. . February.. March____ A p ril_____ M ay______ June______ July______ A ugust___ September. October. _. N ovem ber. Decem ber. 1 Em ployed persons with a job but not at work are distributed propor tionately among the full- and part-time employed categories. 2 Beginning with 1966, data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over, in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. 3 Beginning with 1967, data m ay not be strictly comparable to prior years Digitized 66 for FRASER because of basic changes in the concepts and definitions introduced in January 1967. 4 Beginning with 1966, data revised to refer to persons 16 to 19 years of age, in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. T A B L E 22. Nonagricultural Workers on Full-Time Schedules or on Voluntary Part Time, by Selected Characteristics, 1957-71 [Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over for 1957-66; 16 years and over 1966-71] Item 1957 1958 1959 19601 1961 19621 1964 1963 1965 1966 1966 2 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 On full-time schedules3 Total: N um ber___________________ 48,617 47,077 48,865 49, 542 49,427 50,619 51,439 52,872 54,692 56,410 56,348 56,865 57,877 59,181 59,101 Percent____________________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Se x and A ge Male______________________________ 59,203 100.0 70.3 69.8 70.1 69.7 69.6 69.6 69.6 69.3 68.9 68.1 68.1 67.8 67.5 66.8 6 6.8 67.0 14 to 17 years__________________ 18 to 24 years4_________________ 25 to 44 years__________________ 45 to 64 years__________________ 65 years and over____ __________ .6 6 .8 36.1 24.1 2 .6 .5 6 .6 35.8 24.4 2.4 .5 7.2 35.6 24.5 2 .2 .6 7.5 35.0 24.4 2.1 .5 7.5 34.9 24.7 2 .0 .5 7.8 34.6 24.8 2 .0 .5 7.9 34.3 25.1 1.9 .6 8 .2 33.8 25.0 1.8 .6 8.7 33.1 24.7 1 .8 .7 8 .8 32.4 24.5 1 .8 .6 8 .8 32.4 24.5 1 .8 .5 8.7 32.3 24.5 1.7 .6 8.5 32.2 24.5 1.7 .6 8.7 31.7 24.2 1.7 .5 8 .8 31.6 24.2 1 .6 .5 9.3 31.5 24.1 1.5 Female____________________________ 29.7 30.2 29.9 30.3 30.4 30.4 30.4 30.7 31.1 31.9 31.9 32.2 32.5 33.2 33.2 33.0 14 to 17 years__________________ 18 to 24 years 4_________________ 25 to 44 years__________________ 45 to 64 years__________________ 65 years and over______________ .4 5.5 13.2 9.9 .8 .4 5.5 13.1 10.5 .8 .4 5.2 12.7 10.8 .8 .4 5.4 12.6 11.1 .9 .4 5.5 12.4 11.2 .9 .4 5.7 12.3 11.2 .8 .3 5.6 12.3 11.4 .8 .3 5.9 12.1 11.5 .8 .3 6 .2 1 2.2 11.6 .8 .4 6.7 12.3 11.7 .8 .3 6.7 12.3 11.7 .8 .3 6.9 12.5 11.8 .8 .3 7.0 1 2.6 11.8 .8 .3 7.4 12.6 12.1 .8 .3 7.4 12.7 12.1 .8 .3 7.3 1 2.6 12.1 .7 C olor and Se x White_____________________________ 91.0 91.2 91.2 90.8 90.9 90.8 90.6 90.3 90.1 89.8 89.8 89.8 89.6 89.5 89.5 89.5 Male__________________________ Female____ __________________ 64.4 26.7 64.2 27.0 64.3 26.8 63.8 27.0 63.8 27.1 63.7 27.1 63.6 27.0 63.2 27.2 62.6 27.4 61.7 28.1 61.7 28.1 61.4 28.4 61.1 28.5 60.4 29.1 60.4 29.1 60.6 28.9 Negro and other races_____________ 9.0 8 .8 8 .8 9.2 9.1 9.2 9.4 9.7 9.9 1 0.2 1 0.2 10.2 10.4 10.5 10.5 10.5 Male__________________________ Female________________________ 5.9 3.1 5.6 3.2 5.7 3.1 5.9 3.3 5.8 3.3 5.9 3.3 6 .0 3.4 6 .2 3.5 6.3 3.6 6.4 3.8 6.4 3.8 6.4 3.9 6.4 4.0 6.4 4.1 6.4 4.1 6.3 4.2 Male: Single_________ . . . . . ______ Married, wife present__________ Widowed, divorced, separated.. 9.0 57.7 3.5 8.5 57.9 3.4 8.7 58.0 3.4 8.9 57.4 3.4 8 .6 57.6 3.4 8.5 57.9 3.3 8.5 57.8 3.3 8.5 57.6 3.3 8 .6 56.9 3.4 8.5 56.3 3.4 8.4 56.3 3.4 8.4 56.1 3.2 8.5 55.7 3.3 8 .6 54.8 3.4 8.7 54.6 3.4 8.9 54.6 3.5 Female: Single_________________________ Married, husband present_____ Widowed, divorced, separated.. 8 .0 15.2 6.5 7.9 15.7 6.7 7.3 16.0 6.7 7.5 16.0 6 .8 7.3 16.2 6.9 7.1 16.4 6 .8 7.0 16.4 7.0 7.0 16.9 6 .8 7.1 17.1 6.9 7.2 17.6 7.0 7.2 17.6 7.0 7.2 18.0 7.0 7.3 18.5 6.7 7.3 19.1 6 .8 7.2 19.3 6 .8 7.0 19.2 6 .8 Wage and salary w orkers.................. 88.9 88.7 8 8.8 89.0 89.0 89.5 89.9 90.0 90.4 90.9 90.9 92.4 92.6 92.6 92.8 92.7 Construction................................. Manufacturing.......... .......... ......... Durable goods........................ Nondurable goods................. Transportation and public utilities....................................... Wholesale and retail trade.......... Service industries and finance, insurance, and real estate......... Other industries5........... ............. Self-employed and unpaid family workers________ _________________ 6 .0 31.0 18.3 12.7 6 .2 28.9 16.5 12.4 6 .2 29.9 17.3 12.6 6 .0 29.9 17.0 12.9 5.9 29.5 16.7 12.8 6 .0 30.1 17.3 12.8 5.9 30.7 17.9 1 2.8 6 .0 30.7 17.8 12.8 6 .1 31.1 18.1 12.9 6 .0 32.0 19.0 13.0 6 .0 32.0 19.0 13.0 5.9 32.1 19.3 1 2.8 5.9 31.9 19.2 12.7 6 .0 31.6 19.2 12.4 5.9 30.5 18.3 12.2 6 .2 28.7 17.1 1 1.6 8.4 16.0 8.1 16.4 7.9 16.2 8.1 16.0 7.8 15.7 7.7 15.4 7.5 15.4 7.4 15.4 7.3 15.4 7.2 15.0 7.2 15.0 7.2 15.3 7.3 15.2 7.4 14.9 7.4 15.4 7.3 16.3 20.7 6.9 22.1 7.0 2 1.8 6.9 2 2.2 6.9 23.0 7.0 23.0 7.2 23.1 7.3 23.3 7.3 23.3 7.2 23.5 7.2 23.5 7.2 24.4 7.5 24.7 7.5 25.2 7.5 26.1 7.6 26.8 7.4 11.2 11.0 11.0 10.5 10.1 10.0 9.6 9.1 9.1 7.6 7.4 7.4 7.2 7. 3 7,441 100.0 8,048 100.0 8,452 100.0 9,027 100.0 9,387 100.0 9,503 1 00.0 Se x and Mar ital S tatus I ndustry G roup 11.1 11.3 On voluntary part-time schedules « T otal: N um ber____ ________________ Percent_____________________ 5,181 100.0 5,215 1 00.0 5,569 100.0 5,815 100.0 Se x an d A ge Male................................................... . 34.5 34.7 35.0 33.9 14 to 17 years________ __________ 18 to 24 years 4......... ..................... 25 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 64 y e a r s ........................... . 65 years and over.......................... 14.2 6.3 3.5 4.4 6.1 14.1 6 .6 3.5 4.4 6 .0 13.8 6.9 3.7 4.2 6.3 Female........................ .......................... 65.5 65.3 65.0 6,148 6,597 100.0 100.0 = = = 6,808 100.0 7,263 100.0 = 7,607 8,256 100.0 1 00.0 - ■ 33.4 34.1 34.3 34.8 35.0 35.0 32.7 32.9 32.4 32.8 32.2 32. 3 13.2 6.7 3.3 4.1 6 .6 13.0 7.2 2.9 3.8 6.5 13.7 7.2 2.9 4.0 6 .2 13.4 7.8 2.9 3.9 6 .2 14.3 7.8 2.9 3.8 6 .1 14.5 8.7 2.5 3.5 5.7 14.4 9.3 2.5 3.3 5.5 9.9 10.4 2 .8 3.6 6 .1 9.7 10.8 2.7 3.6 6 .1 9.3 11.1 2.7 3.5 5.8 9.5 11.3 3.0 3.3 5.7 9.2 1 1.0 3.0 3.3 5.8 9.1 11.2 3.2 3.3 5. 5 66.1 66.6 65.9 65.7 65.2 65.1 65.0 67.3 67.1 67.6 67.2 67.8 67.7 8 .0 1 1.6 23.4 19.6 4.7 8 .2 1 2.2 23.9 19.1 4.4 8 .2 1 2.6 23* 5 18.8 4.6 14 to 17 years___ _______________ 18 to 24 years 4__........ .................. 25 to 44 years____________ ______ 45 to 64 years............................... 65 years and over_____ _________ 10.1 6.4 24.1 20.3 4.6 10.3 6 .2 23.9 20.1 4.8 10.8 6.4 23.3 20.1 4.4 1 0.2 6.7 23.8 2 0.2 5.2 10.9 7.3 23.6 19.8 4.9 10.6 7.5 23.5 19.5 4.7 10.5 7.8 23.2 19.6 4.7 C olor an d S ex W h it e ..______ __________ __________ 88.5 89.3 89.5 89.5 90.6 90.1 89.5 7.8 1 1.2 23.7 2 0.2 4.7 11.2 7.9 2 2.2 19.3 4.7 11.3 8.4 22.1 18.7 4.6 11.6 9.0 21.8 18.3 4.2 8 .0 1 0.0 24.2 20.4 4.7 7.8 1 1.0 23.7 19.8 4.8 89.5 89.9 89.5 88.9 89.4 90.1 90.0 90.4 90.9 29.7 60.4 30.0 60.1 29.4 61.1 29.7 61. 2 9.6 9.1 6.7 1 2 .6 6. 5 - Male___________ _________ _____ Female......... ................................ 31.8 56.7 32.1 57.2 32.3 57.2 31.2 58.3 31.2 59.3 31.8 58.3 31.5 58.0 31.8 57.6 32.1 57.8 31.9 57.6 29.7 59.2 30.0 59.4 Negro and other races_____ ________ 11.5 10.7 10.5 10.5 9.4 9.9 10.5 10.5 10.1 10.5 11.1 10.6 9.9 10.0 Male______ ___________________ Female____ ____________________ 2.7 8.8 2.6 8 .1 2.7 7.9 2.7 7.7 2.2 2.3 7.6 2 .8 7.7 2.9 7.6 2.9 7.2 3.1 7.4 3.0 8.1 2.9 7.7 2.7 7.2 2 .8 7.2 See fo o tn o te s a t end of table. 7.2 67 T A B L E 22. Nonagricultural Workers on Full-Time Schedules or on Voluntary Part Time, by Selected Characteristics, 1957-71 — Con, [Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over for 1957-66; 16 years and over for 1966-71] 1957 Item 1958 1959 19601 1961 19621 1963 1964 1965 1966 1966 2 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 On voluntary part-time schedules« Sex and Marital Status Male: Single............................................ Married, wife present............. . Widowed, divorced, separated.. Female: Single.............................................. Married, husband present_____ Widowed, divorced, separated.. 21.3 11.3 1.7 21.2 11.4 2 .0 21.5 11.5 1.9 20.5 11.5 1 .0 20.7 10.9 1.8 21.4 11.1 1.7 21.4 11.1 1 .8 22.4 10.6 1 .8 23.4 1 0.2 1.4 23.7 9.8 1.4 20.2 10.9 1.6 2 0.6 10.7 1 .6 20.4 10.4 1 .6 2 0.6 10.5 1 .6 2 0 .0 1 0.6 1.5 2 0.1 10.7 1.6 16.9 38.3 10.4 16.7 38.5 10.1 17.1 37.9 10.0 16.2 39.6 10.3 17.4 39.2 9.9 17.3 39.0 9.6 17.4 38.3 10.0 18.0 37.7 9.5 18.1 38.0 8.9 19.1 37.1 8 .8 16.4 41.1 9.8 16.6 40.8 9.7 16.7 41.4 9.6 17.5 40.5 9.3 18.0 41.2 8 .6 18.2 40.8 8.7 Wage and salary w orkers.. ............... 84.4 83.8 84.0 84.3 84.2 85.4 85.7 8 6 .2 86.3 87.6 87.7 89.0 90.1 90.2 90.3 90.0 C on stru ction ............................... Manufacturing.............................. Durable goods........................ Nondurable goods................. Transportation and public utilities___________ __________ Wholesale and retail trade.......... Service industries and finance, insurance, and real estate___ Other industries 5_____________ 1.7 7.4 2 .0 5.4 1 .6 7.1 1.9 5.2 1.5 7.5 2.1 5.5 1 .8 7.4 1.7 5.7 1.4 7.5 1.6 5.9 1.5 8 .0 2 .0 6 .0 1 .8 7.7 2 .0 5.7 1.7 7.2 1 .8 5.4 1 .8 6.7 1.9 4.7 1.6 7.1 2 .2 4.8 1.7 6.4 2.4 4.0 1 .6 6.4 2.4 4.0 1.7 6.4 2.3 4.1 1 .8 6.4 2.5 3.9 1.7 5.9 2.4 3.5 1.7 5.4 2 .0 3.4 7.4 26.8 2. 2 26.2 2 .0 26.0 2 .1 26.3 2 .2 25.0 2 .0 25.3 2.3 26.2 2.3 25.9 2 .2 27.4 2.3 27.6 2.5 29.0 2.7 29.9 2.7 30.7 3.1 31.0 3.0 31.4 2.9 32.0 43.9 2 .2 44.4 2.4 44.7 2.3 43.9 2 .8 45.6 2.5 46.3 2.4 45.4 2.4 46.9 2.3 46.0 2 .2 46.2 2 .8 45.1 3.0 45.8 2.7 46.0 2 .6 45.2 2 .6 45.7 2 .6 45.6 2.4 Self-employed and unpaid family workers______ ___________________ 15.6 16.2 16.0 15.7 15.8 14.6 14.3 13.8 13.8 12.4 12.3 1 1.0 9.9 9.8 9.7 1 0.0 I ndustry G roup 1 See footnote 1, table I. 2 Beginning with 1966 data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over and persons 16 and 17 years old (where applicable) in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. 3 Includes persons who worked 35 hours or more during the survey week and those who usually work full time but worked part time because of illness, T A B L E 23. bad weather, holidays, personal business, or other temporary noneconomic reasons. * Data not available for the usual 20- to 24-year age group because the break down for the 18- and 19-year age group is not readily available. * Includes mining, forestry, and fisheries, and also public administration. 6 Includes persons who wanted only part-time work. Persons on Part Time for Economic Reasons, by Type of Industry, 1957-71 [Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over for 1957-66; 16 years and over for 1966-71] Item 1957 1958 1959 1960 i 1961 19621 1963 1964 1965 1966 19661 2 1967 3 1968 1969 1970 1971 T o ta l________________________ 2,469 3,280 2,640 2,860 3,142 2,661 2,620 2,455 2,209 1,960 1,894 2,163 1,970 2,056 2,443 Agriculture.......... .............................. - 300 327 304 300 329 325 332 318 281 246 230 250 254 246 248 236 Nonagricultural industries________ 2,169 2,953 2,336 2, 560 2,813 2,336 2,288 2,137 1,928 1,714 1,664 1,913 1,716 1,810 2,196 2,440 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Beginning with 1966 data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and ver in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. 68 2,676 3 Beginning with 1967 data m ay not be strictly comparable to prior years because of basic changes in concepts and definitions introduced in January 1967. T A B L E 24. Nonagricvltural Workers on Part Time for Economic Reasons/ by Sex and A g e , 1957-71 [Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over} Male Year Both sexes Total Female 14 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 44 45 to 64 65 years years years years 1 2* years and over Total 14 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 44 45 to 64 65 years years years 2 years years and over 1957________ ________ ________________________ 1958_________________________________________ 1959----------------------------------------- --------------------1960*_____ ______________ ____________________ 1961___________________________ ______________ 1962*_______ ________________________________ 1963___________________________ ______________ 1964_________ ____ ___________ — .............. ... ... 1 965...____ ________ _______ _________________ 1966__________________________ _______________ 1966 4______________________________ _______ 1967*.............................................................. .......... 1968............... - .......................................................... 1 9 6 9 ............................ ................................ .......... 1970....... ........ .......................................................... 1971................................... ............. ........................ 2,169 2,953 2,336 2,560 2,813 2,336 2,288 2,137 1,928 1,714 1,664 1,913 1,715 1,810 2,196 2,440 1,263 1,793 1,320 1,476 1,625 1,308 1,263 1,154 1,005 896 863 987 830 888 1,105 1,202 99 114 115 114 127 113 106 106 108 108 75 81 90 98 98 104 181 257 223 251 305 243 255 235 226 195 195 214 194 210 284 336 488 727 494 552 598 476 436 398 322 277 277 331 250 284 373 401 418 607 419 489 527 422 407 368 310 273 273 310 250 252 303 317 76 88 67 70 66 55 59 49 40 43 43 51 47 45 46 46 906 1,161 1,016 1,083 1,188 1,029 1,025 982 923 818 801 925 886 921 1,090 1,237 58 57 62 75 65 65 65 60 55 65 47 52 55 64 70 79 117 166 140 167 178 171 183 177 205 164 164 199 201 212 269 320 383 482 405 420 460 386 384 350 308 286 286 312 286 311 355 408 315 413 367 385 443 372 355 359 325 279 279 331 314 308 362 390 32 42 41 36 40 34 38 37 30 27 27 33 30 27 35 40 mo January................................................................... February...................................... ......................... March......................... ............................................ A pril............................................... ............... ......... M ay......................................... — ......................... J u n e ....................................................................... J u ly............................................. ........................ . A u g u s t.................................................................. September.............................................................. October.................................................................... N o v e m b e r .............. ............................................ D e ce m b e r........................ ..................................... 1,876 1,811 1,888 2,107 1,951 2,571 2,763 2,697 2,044 2,173 2,134 2,329 893 888 930 1,069 963 1,327 1,498 1,433 1,021 1,060 1,006 1,173 33 23 37 31 27 240 341 267 48 53 40 39 181 178 203 247 241 412 445 409 300 277 241 270 370 355 359 448 346 336 377 412 350 382 328 424 267 284 290 308 301 280 291 305 271 299 357 387 43 46 41 37 48 58 46 40 54 52 42 54 984 923 958 1,038 988 1, 245 1,264 1,264 1,023 1,113 1,129 1,155 18 19 14 25 20 186 244 195 38 16 37 25 216 222 209 222 233 334 337 331 268 302 263 278 368 326 358 391 357 324 320 354 333 362 378 397 338 319 340 369 353 365 334 347 342 396 420 419 43 38 35 31 26 36 28 37 40 37 32 37 1971 January.................................. ......................... ....... February................................................................ March............................... ...................................... A pril_________ _______________________________ May____________ ______________ ______________ June____________ ___________________________ July___________ ___________ __________________ August__________ ____________________________ S eptem ber.......... ............................... .................. October________________ _____________________ N ovem ber.......................... ................................... December.................... ................................ .......... 2,415 2,390 2,377 2,230 2,183 2,657 3,033 3,014 2,220 2,246 2,311 2,198 1,176 1,115 1,133 1,122 1,073 1,345 1,613 1,591 1,113 1,066 1,079 1,007 31 32 25 31 37 230 396 309 32 38 42 41 296 281 284 231 248 397 463 494 336 349 328 319 434 411 438 431 391 339 421 450 419 351 379 347 368 340 340 370 343 327 282 304 285 283 301 261 46 52 48 58 55 51 51 34 39 42 27 39 1,239 1,275 1,243 1,107 1, u o 1,312 1,421 1,423 1,107 1,180 1,233 1,191 26 33 18 24 31 154 297 256 29 33 27 25 294 312 277 235 271 368 448 440 288 312 315 281 435 437 462 422 383 373 344 374 361 391 468 455 442 451 440 405 398 374 290 312 391 400 376 390 43 42 46 24 27 42 43 41 39 46 47 41 1 Includes persons who worked less than 35 hours during the survey week because of slack work, job changing during the week, material shortages, inability to find full-time work, etc. 2 Data not available for the usual 20- to 24-year age group because the break down for the 18- and 19-year age group is not readily available. 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 466-15(7 O— 72- 6 4 All m onthly data are for persons 16 years of age and over, and for persons 16 to 17, instead of 14 to 17. 5 Beginning with 1967, data m ay not be strictly comparable to prior years because of basic changes in the concepts and definitions introduced in January 1967. For more details on these changes, see the Technical Notes. 69 T A B L E 25. Nonagricultural Worker* on Part Time for Economic Reasons, by Usual Full-Time or Part-Time Status and Selected Characteristics, 1957-71 [Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over for 1957-66; 16 years and over for 1966-71] 1957 1958 Item 1959 19601 1961 19621 1963 1964 1965 1966 19662 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 Usually work full tim e 5 Total: N um ber.................................. Percent................................... 1,183 100.0 1,638 100.0 1,032 100.0 1,243 100.0 1,297 100.0 1,049 100.0 1,069 100.0 986 100.0 897 100.0 873 100.0 871 100.0 1,060 100.0 895 100.0 955 100.0 1,201 100.0 1,184 100.0 Se x an d A ge Male...................................................... . 65.0 68.7 65.8 68.0 66.1 64.7 63.0 61.0 60.2 60.9 60.9 59.8 55.4 56.1 58.4 57.8 14 to 17 years................................ 18 to 24 years 4............................... 25 to 44 years................................. 45 to 64 years................................. 65 years and over.......................... Female......... ......................................... 1.3 8.9 30.2 22.4 2.2 35.0 .9 8.1 32.2 25.0 2.6 31.3 1.3 10.0 31.2 21.4 1.8 34.2 1.1 10.6 30.1 24.5 1.7. 32.0 1.1 10.5 29.0 23.9 1.6 33.9 1.3 9.7 28.1 22.9 1.9 35.3 1.3 11.6 26.7 21.6 1.8 37.0 1.6 11,8 26.1 19.9 1.6 39.0 1.6 13.2 24.1 20.2 1.2 39.8 2.1 13.5 23.2 20.4 1.7 39.1 1.8 13.6 23.3 20.4 1.7 39.1 1.8 12.1 23.6 20.1 2.1 40.2 2.5 12.5 20.3 18.2 1.9 44.6 2.3 12.6 22.3 17.2 1.8 43.9 1.6 13.6 23.8 17.7 1.7 41.6 1.5 13.5 23.1 18.1 1.5 42.2 14 to 17 years.................................. 18 to 24 years ...................... 25 to 44 years................................. 45 to 64 years................................. 65 years and over.......................... 1.0 4.4 16.9 11.9 .8 .5 4.3 14.8 11.0 .7 .8 5.1 16.6 11.1 .7 .9 4.8 14.4 11.3 .6 .5 47 15.1 12.9 .7 .9 6.1 15.6 11.7 1.0 .8 7.0 16.1 12.2 .8 ,6 6.9 16.2 14,6 ,7 1.0 8.7 15.5 13.9 .7 1.1 8.4 16.3 12.5 .9 1.0 8.4 16.3 12.5 .9 .7 8.6 15.6 14.3 1.0 .9 9.9 17.2 15.4 1.2 1.3 9.9 17.4 14.6 .7 1.1 9.7 15.4 14.5 1.0 .8 9.7 16.3 14.5 .8 C olor an d Se x White..................... ................................ 82.7 84.4 82.3 83.2 84.8 84.1 83.6 82,2 81.7 81.6 81.6 81.1 81.1 83.4 83.2 83.3 M a le .............................................. Female........................... ............... Negro and other races........................ 53.9 28.8 17.3 58.1 26.3 15.6 54.1 28.2 17.7 56.3 26.9 16.8 56.0 28.8 15.2 54.1 30.0 15.9 52.0 31.7 16.4 49.8 32.4 17.8 48.7 33.0 18.3 49.1 32.4 18.4 49.1 32.5 18.4 47.7 33.4 18.9 44.4 36.8 18.9 46.1 37.2 16.6 48.4 34.8 16.8 48.1 35.2 16.7 Male......................................... ....... Female........................................... 11.2 6.1 10.6 5.0 11.6 6.0 11.7 5.2 10.2 5.0 10.7 5.2 11.0 5.3 11.2 6.6 11.5 6.8 11.9 6.5 11.8 6.5 12.1 6.8 10.9 7.9 9.9 6.7 10.0 6.8 9.8 6.9 11.4 49.6 4.1 9.7 54.7 4.4 11.8 49.4 4.6 11.5 51.1 5.3 11.4 50.0 4.6 11.2 48.8 4.8 13.0 45.3 4.7 13.0 44.2 3.9 14.4 41.1 4.7 14.2 42.0 4.8 14.1 42.0 4.8 12.9 42.1 4.8 13.9 37.4 4.0 14.0 37.2 4.8 13.4 40.5 4.5 13.4 40.0 4.5 5.8 20.4 8.7 4.9 19.1 7.2 5.5 20.3 8.3 5.5 19.3 7.2 5.3 20.6 8.0 6.0 20.8 8.5 6.3 23.3 7.5 6.1 24.7 8.1 6.7 23.5 9.6 6.5 23.7 8.8 6.5 23.7 8.8 6.9 24.6 8.7 7.9 27.9 8.8 7.8 27.3 8.9 7.6 25.4 8.7 7.6 26.1 8.5 Wage and salary workers__________ 91.1 91.7 90.6 90.7 89.2 89.7 88.2 89.1 88.7 89.2 89.2 89.2 90.0 89.0 90.3 89.5 Construction---------------------------Manufacturing------- -----------------Durable goods_____________ N ondurable goods................. Transportation and public util ities............................................... Wholesale and retail trade.......... Service industries and finance, insurance, real estate________ Other industries 5______________ Self-employed and unpaid family workers....................... ...................... 12.8 50.0 22.7 27.3 10.4 53.1 29.fi 23.6 ' 14.8 40.8 18.3 22.5 14.3 46.7 23.5 23.2 14.6 44.9 20.0 24.8 15.4 39.3 16.2 23.1 15.5 39.1 15.6 23.5 15.7 37.6 13.4 24.2 14.6 37.2 14.3 23.0 15.5 35.6 13.8 21.9 16.5 35.6 13.8 21.8 13.8 40.8 19.1 21.7 12.4 38.6 14.6 24.0 12.9 37.8 14.8 23.0 13.2 42.2 18.3 23.9 13.5 39.0 16.0 23.0 5.1 ■ r 6.3 8.9 ; 12.2 5.1 9.0 4.9 9.7 5.8 11.9 5.7 12.1 5.5 11.4 6.2 12.9 5.3 14.1 5.3 14.0 5.9 12.2 5.6 14.1 6.0 13.3 5.2 12.3 5.3 14.0 Se x an d M arital Status Male: Single.............................................. Married, wife present................... Widowed, divorced, separated.. Female: Single.............................................. Married, husband present.......... Widowed, divorced, separated __ I ndustry G roup 5.7 9.1 9.8 3.6 10.3 3.9 12.8 3.8 11.5 4.1 11.6 3.5 13.9 3.3 13.3 2.5 16.0 2.8 15.9 1.8 16.3 2.4 16.3 2.4 13.9 2.5 16.7 2.6 16.5 2.5 15.0 2.3 16.0 1.7 8.9 8.3 9.4 9.3 10.8 10.3 11.8 10,9 11.3 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.0 11.0 9.7 10.5 Usually w ork part t im e « Total: N um ber____________________ Percent____________________ 986 100.0 1,315 100.0 1,304 100.0 1,317 100.0 1,516 100.0 1,287 100.0 1,219 100.0 1,151 100.0 1,031 100.0 841 100.0 793 100.0 853 100.0 820 100.0 855 100.0 995 100.0 1,256 100.0 Se x and A ge Male........................................................ 50.1 50.8 49.2 47.9 50.7 48.9 48.4 48.1 45.2 43.2 41.9 41.4 40.8 41.2 40.5 41.3 14 to 17 years_____ _____________ 18 to 24 yea rs4_________________ 25 to 44 years................................ 45 to 64 years................................. 65 years and over_________ ____ Female_____ _______________________ 8.5 7.7 13.3 15.5 5.1 49.9 7.6 9.5 15.2 15.1 3.4 49.2 7.8 9.2 13.2 15.2 3. 7 50.8 7. 6 9.0 13.5 14.1 3.7 52.1 7.5 11.2 14.7 14.4 3.0 49.3 7.7 10.9 13.4 14.1 2.7 51.1 7.6 10.8 12.3 14.4 3.3 51.6 7.8 10.3 12.2 14.9 2,9 51.9 9.1 10.5 10.3 12.5 2.8 54.8 10.7 9.1 8.8 11.3 3.3 56.8 7.4 9.7 9.3 11.9 3.5 58.1 7.3 10.0 9.4 11.4 3.3 58.6 8.3 10.0 8.3 10.6 3.7 59.2 8.9 10.5 8.3 10.3 3.3 58.8 7.9 12.2 8.8 9.1 2.6 59.5 6.8 14.0 10.1 8.1 2.2 58.7 14 to 17 years__________________ 18 to 24 y ea rs4_____ ___________ 25 to 44 years...... ........................... 45 to 64 years____ _____________ 65 years and over_____ ________ 4.7 6.6 18.6 17.7 2.3 3.7 7.2 18.2 17.7 2.4 4.1 6.7 18.0 19.4 2.6 4.9 8.1 18.3 18.5 2.2 3.9 7.7 17.4 18.2 2.0 4.3 8.3 17.2 19.3 1.9 4.6 8.9 17.4 18.4 2.4 4.7 9.5 16.5 18.7 2.6 4.5 12.3 16.4 19.4 2.3 6.5 10.8 17.1 20.2 2.3 4.8 11.4 18.1 21.4 2.4 5.2 12.7 17.1 21.0 2.6 5.7 13.6 16.1 21.4 2.3 6.1 13.7 16.9 19.7 2.3 5.7 15.4 17.1 18.9 2.3 5.5 16.3 17.1 17.4 2.4 C olor and Se x White______ _______________________. 66.8 68.4 66.4 67.5 68.3 65.2 66.2 65.3 65.6 67.4 66.3 67.8 71.1 73.1 74.1 78.4 29.9 37.9 32.2 30.7 40.4 28.9 31.5 41.6 26.9 31.8 42.3 25.9 33.4 45.0 21.6 11.6 20.6 10.0 18.9 9.8 17.1 8.9 17.0 7.8 13.8 Male__________________________ Female.................. ............ .......... Negro and other races____ ________ . 37.0 29.8 33.2 37.7 30.7 31.6 35.4 31.0 33.6 35.4 32.1 32.5 37.4 30.9 31.7 34.3 30.9 34.8 34.4 31.8 33.8 33.0 32.3 34.7 32.3 33.3 34.4 31.7 35.7 32.6 30.2 36.1 33.7 Male_____, ____________________ Female...................................... . . 13.1 20.1 13.0 18.6 13.7 19.9 12.5 20.0 13.3 18.5 14.5 20.3 14.0 19.9 15.0 19.7 12.8 21.6 11.4 21.2 11.7 22.0 See footnotes at end of table. 70 FRASER Digitized for T A B L E 25. Nonagricultural Workers on Part Time for Economic Reasons, by Usual Full-Time or Part-Time Status and Selected Characteristics, 1957-71 — Continued [Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over for 1957-66; 16 years and over for 1966-71] 1957 1958 1959 19601 1961 19621 1963 1964 1965 1966 1966 2 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 Ite m U s u a l ly w o r k p a r t t im e • Se x a n d M a r i t a l St a t u s M a le : S i n g l e . ------------------------ -------------------M a r r ie d , w if e p r e s e n t ____________ W id o w e d , d iv o r c e d , s e p a r a te d .. F e m a le : S in g le _____ _________________________ M a r r ie d , h u s b a n d p r e s e n t _______ W id o w e d , d iv o r c e d , s e p a ra te d . . 1 9 .7 2 5 .2 5 .2 1 9 .8 2 6 .6 4 .4 2 0 .3 2 3 .9 4 .9 19 .5 2 3 .5 4 .9 2 0 .8 2 4 .7 5 .1 2 1 .1 2 2 .4 5 .4 2 0 .7 2 2 .0 5 .7 2 1 .7 2 0 .3 6 .0 2 1 .6 1 8 .5 4 .9 2 2 .6 1 6 .2 4 .4 2 0 .2 1 7 .1 4 .7 1 9 .4 1 7 .9 4 .2 2 0 .7 1 5 .6 4 .5 2 1 .8 1 5 .7 3 .9 2 1 .7 1 5 .6 3 .3 2 2 .9 1 5 .1 3 .3 1 1 .9 2 3 .1 1 5 .0 1 0 .8 2 3 .5 1 5 .0 1 1 .4 2 2 .9 1 6 .7 1 3 .0 2 2 .9 1 6 .2 1 1 .9 2 2 .6 1 4 .8 1 2 .7 2 3 .0 1 5 .4 1 2 .9 2 2 .9 1 5 .8 1 3 .8 2 2 .1 1 6 .1 1 5 .6 2 3 .5 1 5 .8 1 5 .6 2 3 .7 1 7 .6 1 4 .4 2 5 .1 1 8 .6 1 6 .1 2 6 .6 1 5 .8 1 6 .8 2 6 .7 1 5 .7 1 7 .3 2 6 .5 1 4 .9 1 8 .6 2 5 .7 15 .1 18 .9 2 6 .5 1 3 .2 9 2 .3 9 2 .5 9 2 .6 9 2 .1 9 1 .3 9 1 .1 9 1 .2 9 1 .5 9 1 .9 9 2 .2 9 1 .9 9 0 .9 9 2 .3 9 0 .8 9 1 .9 9 1 .6 7 .4 1 2 .9 4 .8 8 .1 8 .3 9 .9 3 .4 6 .5 7 .1 8 .9 3 .1 5 .8 6 .1 7 .6 2 .5 5 .1 6 .2 7 .8 2 .5 5 .3 6 .2 1 0 .6 3 .5 7 .0 5 .9 10 .1 3 .2 7 .0 5 .6 8 .5 2 .5 6 .1 6 .2 9 .6 3 .1 6 .5 6 .1 8 .6 3 .2 5 .4 4.4 In du stry G rou p W a g e a n d s a la r y w o r k e r s _____________ C o n s t r u c t i o n ______________________ M a n u f a c t u r in g ____________________ D u r a b l e g o o d s ______________ N o n d u r a b le g o o d s . . ............ T r a n s p o rta tio n a n d p u b lic u til i t i e s ____ ________ __________________ W h o le s a le a n d r e t a il t r a d e ______ S e r v ic e in d u s t r ie s a n d fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , r e a l e s t a t e __________ O t h e r in d u s t r ie s 5________________ S e lf -e m p lo y e d a n d u n p a id f a m il y w o r k e r s -------- -------------------------------------- 7.7 7.7 1 3 .5 5 .3 8 .1 1 1 .0 4 .7 6 .3 8 .0 1 1 .2 4 .1 7 .1 2 1 .9 4 .6 2 1 .1 4 .3 2 2 .3 4 .1 2 2 .1 4 .8 2 2 .5 3 .6 2 4 .2 2 5 .0 4 .5 2 5 .2 3 .5 2 3 .8 3 .2 2 5 .2 3 .4 2 6 .2 3 .9 2 6 .5 3 .6 3 0 .0 4 4 .3 2 .9 4 2 .9 2 .6 4 1 .8 2 .6 4 3 .2 2 .6 4 4 .1 1 .7 4 4 .1 1 .9 4 6 .5 1 .6 4 7 .0 2 .1 4 6 .0 2 .3 4 4 .7 2 .1 4 5 .7 4 4 .5 2 .6 4 3 .4 4 1 .2 2.2 2.2 2.2 7 .4 7 .9 8 .7 8 .9 8.8 8 .5 8 .1 7 .8 8 .1 9 .1 7.7 9 .2 8 .5 8 .4 7 .6 1 4 .6 6 .7 7 .9 7 .9 1 5 .8 6 .8 9 .0 8 .6 1 1 .3 4 .3 7 .0 4 .5 2 0 .9 4 .5 2 0 .0 4.4 4.4 2 1 .1 4 1 .6 3 .1 4 1 .1 3 .2 7.7 7 .5 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Beginning with 1966 data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over and persons 16 to 17 years old in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. See Technical Notes for more detail. 3 Includes persons who worked 35 hours or more during the survey week and those who usually work full time but worked part time because of illness, bad weather, holidays, personal business, or other temporary noneconomic reasons. 4 Data not available for the usual 20- to 24-year age group because the break down for the 18- and 19 year age group is not readily available, s Includes mining, forestry, and fisheries, and also public administration. 6 Includes persons who wanted only part-time work. N o t e : Data for 1967 m ay not be strictly comparable to prior years because of basic changes in the concepts and definitions introduced in January 1967. For more details on these changes, see the Technical Notes. 71 T A B L E 26. Employed Persons Not at W ork, by Reason for Not Working, 1957-71 [Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over, for 1957-66; 16 years and over for 1966-71] Reason for not working, all industries Period A ll industries Agriculture Nonagricultural industries B ad weather 1957_____. ______________________ ____________ ________ 1958___________________________________ _________ _______ 1959.............. .............................. ....................................... . 1960_________________________ _________________ _________ 1961.............................................. .................... .......... ................ 1962_____________________ _________ _______________ _____ ?963_________________________________________________. . . . 1964______________________________ ______________________ 1965_________________________________________ ___________ 1966__________________________________________________ 19661___________________ ________________ ____________ 1967................................................................................................ 1968....................... - ............ - ------- ---------- ------------- ------------1969............................................... .............. ................................ 1970____________________________ _____ __________________ 1971____ _________________ - _________________________ 3,017 3,076 3,161 3,231 3,146 3,281 3,501 3,494 3,525 3,612 3,595 3,831 4,206 4,408 4,614 4,716 196 199 186 190 200 178 174 169 157 134 131 130 147 130 133 130 2,821 2,877 2,974 3,042 2,946 3,103 3,327 3,326 3,368 3,478 3,463 3,701 4,059 4,277 4,481 4,586 139 182 115 168 143 160 106 108 79 92 91 92 158 123 127 93 1970 January...... ................ .................... ....................................... F ebruary___________________________ ____ ___________ _ March___________ _______________________________________ A pril................... ....................... ........... .................................. . M ay_____ __________________ _____________ ______________ June___________________________________________________ J uly________________________________ ___________________ A ugust_______________________________________ _____ ____ Septem ber____________________________ _________________ October____ ______________________ _____________________ N ovem ber_____________________________________________ Decem ber______________________________________________ 3,224 3,429 2,964 3,040 3,140 5,456 9,649 10,009 4,695 3,674 3,302 2,781 230 202 163 111 72 78 93 141 120 123 130 133 2,994 3,227 2,802 2,930 3,068 5,378 9,556 9,869 4,576 3,551 3,172 2,648 1971 January____ ___________________________________________ F e b ru a ry ..._____ _________ _____________________________ March______ ___________________________________________ A p ril________________________ ____________________ ______ M ay_____________ _______________________________ _______ June____ ________________________________________________ J u l y ..____ _____________________________ _ ___________ A ugust_________________________________________________ September------ ----------- ------------------------- -------------------------October_________________________________ _______________ N ovem ber---------------------------------------------------------------------Decem ber-------------------------------------------- ------- ------------------ 3, 215 3,280 3,044 4,138 3,129 5,197 10,608 10,445 4,016 3,530 3,009 2,983 188 175 138 63 104 77 128 177 98 100 104 209 3,027 3,105 2,906 4,075 3,025 5,120 10,480 10,268 3,918 3,430 2,905 2,774 Industrial dispute Vacation Illness 45 59 160 40 56 33 41 51 48 66 66 107 109 111 156 145 1,447 1,479 1,494 1,576 1,492 1,533 1,655 1,635 1,738 1,759 1,753 1,974 2,180 2,298 2,324 2,422 962 882 907 942 898 940 1,000 994 1,039 1,042 1,039 1,102 1,208 1,258 1,317 1,236 425 474 484 505 556 615 698 707 621 653 646 557 550 618 690 690 517 277 184 105 61 29 20 29 29 65 108 96 115 38 53 214 186 185 142 87 101 361 324 65 498 588 574 818 974 3,307 7, 601 7,868 2,709 1,376 891 689 1.408 1,878 1,500 1,282 1,321 1,189 1,131 1, 213 1,114 1,238 1,295 1,234 685 648 654 622 597 745 755 813 743 634 685 697 291 290 135 35 39 20 11 41 30 18 20 183 93 61 117 95 ‘93 110 381 192 112 185 205 96 576 653 659 2,016 1,025 3,087 8,139 8,053 1,993 1,383 842 641 1,348 1,370 1,334 1,250 1,260 1,119 1,120 1,137 1,202 1,210 1,251 1,233 719 732 661 679 608 784 828 846 581 634 587 621 , 1 Beginning with 1966 data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. 72 All other T A B L E 27. Employed W age and Salary W orkers1 Not at Work in Nonagricultural Industries, by Reason for Not Working and Pay Status, 1957-71 [Thousands of workers 14 years of age and over for 1957-66; 16 years and over for 1966-71] Reason for not working, both sexes Period and pay status Both sexes Male Female Bad weather Industrial dispute Vacation Illness A ll other A ll W orkers 1957............................................................................................... 1958.................................. ....................................... ............. . 1959................................................................ .......... .................... 1960__________ _________________________________________ 1961_________________________ ___________________________ 1962__________________________________________ ____ _____ 1963______________ _________ ______ _____________________ 1964_____ ______ _________________________ _______. . _____ 1 9 6 5 .-.._________ ___________ ___________________________ 1966_________ _______ ______________ ____________________ 1966 2_____ _______ _____________________________________ 19673............................................................................................. 1968................................ ............................................... ........... . 1969_______________________________________________ _____ 1970..................... ........................ ................................................ 1971_____________ ___________ ________________________ 2,504 2,420 2,549 2,575 2,504 2,651 2,847 2,877 2,952 3,043 3,034 3,332 3,676 3,899 4,057 4,156 1,524 1,479 1,579 1,547 1,470 1,552 1,627 1,653 1,713 1,750 1,744 1,930 2,105 2,243 2,273 2,277 980 940 970 1,028 1,034 1,099 1,219 1,224 1,239 1,292 1,290 1,402 1,571 1,656 1,784 1,879 49 75 45 73 50 75 44 44 32 42 42 40 70 66 61 61 47 59 160 40 56 33 41 51 48 66 66 106 108 110 154 144 1,398 1,336 1,340 1,414 1,349 1,400 1,519 1,486 1,591 1,620 1,617 1,836 2,031 2,148 2,169 2,286 740 661 696 723 680 739 787 810 857 868 865 939 1,040 1,086 1,153 1,119 270 289 309 324 369 405 457 488 424 447 444 412 428 489 521 546 1970 January______ __________________________________ _______ February-----------------------------------------------------------------------March__________________________________________________ A pril___________________________________________________ M ay----------------------------------------------------------------------- --------June------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------J uly____________________________________________________ August----- ------------------------------------------------------ --------------September______________________________________________ October________________________________________________ Novem ber______________ _____ __________________ _______ December___________ ___________________________________ 2,523 2,765 2,414 2,607 2,722 4, 985 9, 001 9, 261 4,116 3,189 2,799 2, 301 1,570 1, 626 1,335 1,539 1, 632 2,685 4, 696 4,853 2,345 1, 916 1, 704 1,369 953 1,139 1,080 1,067 1,090 2,300 4,306 4,408 1,772 1, 273 1, 096 931 279 151 81 42 25 7 5 11 8 23 51 46 114 37 52 212 180 178 140 87 101 361 324 62 433 483 478 741 883 3,133 7,244 7,424 2,501 1,260 817 633 1,216 1,603 1,321 1,126 1,174 1,056 1,010 1,072 966 1,079 1,134 1,080 482 492 482 487 460 611 603 667 540 464 474 481 June____________________________________________________ J uly____________________________________________________ A ugust________________________ _________________________ September______________________________________________ O ctober_______ _____ ___________________________________ N ovem ber______________________________________ ______ Decem ber_______________________________________ ______ 2,540 2,649 2,510 3,688 2,696 4,699 9,877 9,648 3,547 3,059 2,546 2,416 1,493 1,488 1,479 1,832 1,508 2,410 5,130 5,045 2,056 1,828 1,555 1,499 1,047 1,161 1,031 1,856 1,189 2,289 4,746 4,603 1,492 1,231 990 916 193 187 102 21 28 13 8 33 14 9 11 121 91 60 117 90 92 110 379 192 112 184 203 96 518 576 577 1,912 953 2,951 7,799 7,678 1,857 1,257 756 597 1,203 1,257 1,217 1,135 1,145 1,010 1,016 1,026 1,093 1,090 1,116 1,123 534 570 497 531 478 615 674 720 472 519 460 481 W orkers P aid 1957.......... ............................................................... 1958............................................. ................................ 1959............ ..................... ....................... ................ 1960.............................. .............................. 1961.............. .................................................... 1962........................ ................................ ............... 1963............................................................................ 1964....................... ..................................... 1965.................................. .............................................................. 1966....................... ............................. ................... 1966 2....................................................................... 1967 3................................ ................................. 1968_________________________________ 1969________________________________________ 1970. . ___________________ _______________ 1971___________________________________________ 1,454 1,381 1,418 1,493 1,452 1,529 1,606 1,627 1,703 1,727 1,726 1,878 2,047 2,180 2,172 2,258 955 913 940 976 940 993 1,042 1,059 1,112 1,100 1,100 1,224 1,293 1,401 1,365 1,384 499 468 479 517 512 535 564 568 590 626 625 654 753 779 807 872 3 5 1 3 1 8 2 2 1 2 2 1,101 1,067 1,094 1,154 1,105 1,130 1,202 1,194 1,278 1,268 1,267 1,409 1,566 1,650 1,617 1,720 285 243 247 255 248 282 295 312 316 336 335 367 378 398 436 427 63 64 75 80 97 109 106 117 107 121 121 102 103 132 119 112 1970 January___________________ ___________ . . February____________ _________ . . March__ _______________ __________ . . . April ___________________________ _ . . M ay_______________________ _____ ______ . June __________________________ . ____ . J uly_______ _________________________ August ______ ________________ ________ __ September________________________________ October __ ______________ . . . N ovem ber______________ _____ _ . . . . December______________________________ . 894 1,067 1,019 1,119 1,282 2,791 5, 901 5,900 2,376 1,512 1,200 999 604 720 647 736 851 1, 705 3,533 3,621 1,516 993 785 669 289 347 372 382 431 1,086 2,367 2, 281 858 520 415 330 290 342 349 597 729 2,231 5,407 5,329 1,915 1,044 672 496 496 633 541 416 447 411 346 380 367 374 419 398 108 92 129 106 106 148 148 191 93 93 108 105 971 964 983 1,977 1,333 2,634 6,369 6,090 2,052 1,550 1,151 1,019 645 617 658 1,073 844 1,506 3,754 3,674 1,317 1,026 774 726 325 349 325 903 488 1,127 2,616 2,416 737 523 377 293 363 406 436 1,448 809 2,122 5,850 5,569 1,517 1,024 616 476 495 453 461 431 437 379 354 356 447 418 441 440 113 106 87 98 86 133 165 164 88 108 94 103 1971 January________________________________________________ February_______________________________________________ March__________________________________________________ A p ril___________________________________________________ . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1971 January______________________________ . . . . . . . . . ____ February ............... ................... March............. .................... ..................... A pril_____________ M ay___ _________________ __ __________ June. ............................. ............................. J u ly ____________ _____ ________________ _ A u g u s t ______ __________ ____________ ____ ______ . September____________________ ________ ________________ October________ ___________________________________ ____ N ovem ber.................... . ____________________________ December______ _____ . . . ____ . . . ______ ____ See fo o tn o te s a t end of table. 73 T A B L E 27. Employed W age and Salary W orkers1 Not at Work in Nonagricultural Industries, by Reason for Not Working and P ay Status, 1 9 5 7 -7 1 — Continued [Thousands of workers 14 years of age and over for 1957-66; 16 years and over for 1966-71] Reason for not working,, both sexes Period and pay status Both sexes Male Female Bad weather W orkers N ot P aid 1957_____________________________________________________ 1958_________________________________________ ___________ 1959_____________________________________________________ 1960_____________________________________________________ 1961_____________________________________________________ 1962_____________________________________________________ 1963______________ ______________________________________ 1964_____________________________________________________ 1965_____________ : ____________________________ _______ 1966_____________________________________________________ 1966 1 2_______________________________ _____ ______________ 1967 3.................................... ......................................... 1968____________________________________________________ 1969___________________________________________________ 1 9 7 0 ..._____ ________________________________ _____ _____ 1971.......... ............ .............. ...................................... 1,050 1,039 1,131 1,082 1,052 1,122 1,241 1,249 1,249 1,317 1,308 1,454 lj 629 1, 719 1,886 1,899 569 566 640 570 530 560 586 593 601 649 644 706 811 842 908 891 481 472 491 511 522 562 654 656 648 667 665 748 817 878 977 1,006 1970 January ______________________ . ................. February_______________________ ________________________ March____________________________ ____________________ . A p r i l..____ ___________________________________ . . . , _ M ay________ ________________ . . .............................. June__________________________ ______________________ Ju ly__________________________________________ _______ August ......... ................................................... ...................... September....... ..................... .................................. ................... October ______________ ______- ............ .......... .......... . N o v e m b e r__________ ________ ________ ____________ D ecem ber_________________ ______________ ______________ 1,628 1,699 1, 396 1,487 1,439 2,194 3,100 3,360 1,741 1,678 1,600 1,301 965 907 689 802 781 979 1,163 1, 233 827 925 919 700 1971 January_____ ___________________________________________ February____________________________ ___________________ March____________________________________________ . . . . A p ril______ _____________________________________________ M ay...... ............ ............. ................. ........... ......................... June____________________________________________________ J uly___________________ _________________________________ A ugust_______ __________________________________________ September. _____________________________________________ October_________________________________________________ N ovem ber____ __________________________________________ Decem ber____ __________________________________________ 1,569 1,684 1,527 1,711 1,365 2,065 3,507 3,558 1,495 1,508 1,396 1,397 847 873 821 759 663 904 1,377 1,370 738 801 781 773 1 Includes government workers and excludes private household workers. 2 Beginning with 1966, data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. 74 46 70 43 70 49 67 42 42 31 41 40 Industrial dispute 47 59 160 40 56 33 41 51 48 66 66 Vacation Illness All other 297 269 246 261 244 270 317 291 316 352 350 427 465 498 553 566 455 418 449 468 432 457 • 492 498 540 532 529 572 662 688 718 693 207 225 234 243 271 296 350 367 317 326 324 455 502 533 616 639 644 792 707 684 659 1, 214 1,937 2,127 914 754 680 602 143 141 129 144 154 901 1,837 2 095 ’ 586 217 145 137 720 970 780 709 726 645 664 692 599 706 715 681 765 588 487 634 559 648 599 573 556 754 740 483 723 813 705 951 700 1,162 2,130 2,188 156 169 142 465 144 830 1,949 2,110 339 232 141 121 709 805 756 703 708 631 662 669 646 672 675 681 704 710 629 542 513 605 896 779 510 603 581 594 757 708 614 622 3 Beginning with 1967, data m ay not be strictly comparable to prior year because of basic changes in the concepts and definitions introduced in January 1967. T A B L E 28. Employment Status of Family H e ad , W ife, and Other Family Members in Husband-W ife Families,1 Selected Dates, 1955-71 [Numbers in thousands] March of— Em ploym ent status of head of family members April of 1955 1958 1959 1961 I9601 2 19622 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 H ead in L abor F orce 3 Total: N um ber___________________________ 34,064 34,412 34,625 35,041 35,453 35, 713 36,079 36,286 36,545 36,763 37,060 37,668 38,144 38,639 Percent____________________________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100. C 100.0 100.0 100.0 38,496 100.0 Wife or other member in labor force_______ Wife only____ ________________________ Wife and other m ember_______________ Other member only___________________ 39.9 23.9 4.9 11.2 41.9 26.0 5.4 10.5 43.3 26.1 6.1 11.2 43.0 25.8 6.2 11.1 45.0 27.6 6.6 10.8 45.0 28.1 6.5 10.4 46.5 28.7 6.9 10.8 47.6 28.8 7.6 11.1 47.4 29.6 7.3 10.5 48.7 29.8 8.2 10.7 50.4 30.7 8.8 10.9 50.7 32.6 8.3 9.8 51.8 33.4 8.9 9.4 53.1 34.5 9.3 9.3 53.5 34.7 9.2 9.6 Wife or other member em p loy ed 4_____ Wife or other member unemployed (none em ployed)____________________ 38.2 38.8 40.1 40.1 41.2 42.0 43.3 44.3 44.6 46.2 47.9 48.5 49.8 50.7 50.3 1.8 3.0 3.2 2.9 3.8 3.0 3.2 3.3 2.9 2.4 2.5 2.1 1.9 2.5 3.2 60.1 58.1 56.7 57.0 55.0 55.0 53.5 52.4 52.6 51.3 49.6 49.3 48.2 46.9 46.5 Total: N um ber___________________________ 32,893 32,298 33,149 33,579 33,428 34,185 34,595 35,052 35,512 35,918 36,305 36,945 37,523 37,667 Percent____________________________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 37,146 100.0 Neither wife nor other member in labor force____________________________________ H ead E mployed 3 Wife or other member in labor force_______ Wife on ly_____________________________ Wife and other m ember_______________ Other member only___________________ 39.6 23.6 4.8 11.2 41.4 25.5 5.3 10.5 43.1 25.8 6.0 11.3 42.7 25.5 6.1 11.2 44.6 27,3 6.6 10.8 44.7 27.8 6.4 10.5 46.2 28.6 6.9 10.8 47.3 28.6 7.6 11.2 47.2 29.4 7.3 10.5 48.6 29.7 8.1 10.8 50.3 30.5 8.8 10.9 50.6 32.5 8.3 9.8 51.8 33.4 8.9 9.5 53.1 34.3 9.3 9.4 53.4 34.5 9.1 9.8 Wife or other member em p loy ed 4_____ Wife or other member unemployed (none em ployed)__________________ 38.0 38.8 40.1 40.0 41.2 41.9 43.2 44.3 44.5 46.3 47.9 48.6 49.9 50.7 50.4 1.6 2.6 2.9 2.7 3.5 2.8 3.0 3.1 2.7 2.3 2.4 2.0 1.9 2.4 3.0 Neither wife nor other member in labor force 60.4 58.6 56.9 57.3 55.4 55.3 53.8 52.7 52.8 51.4 49.7 49.4 48.2 46.9 46.6 Total: N um ber___________________________ 1,171 As percent of heads in labor fo r c e ... 3.4 Percent_____________________ _____ 100.0 2,114 6.1 100.0 1,477 4.3 100.0 1,462 4.2 100.0 2,025 5.7 100.0 1,528 4.3 100.0 1,484 4.1 100.0 1,234 3.4 100.0 1,033 2.8 100.0 847 2.3 100.0 755 2.0 100.0 723 1.9 100.0 621 1.6 100.0 972 2.5 100.0 1,350 3.5 100.0 H ead U nemployed Wife or other member in labor force_______ Wife only_____________________________ Wife and other member_______________ Other member only___________________ 48.8 31.3 6.6 10.8 49.0 32.4 6.9 9.7 49.0 32.6 7.1 9.3 49.7 32.1 8.0 9.6 51.4 34.1 6.5 10.8 50.9 34.1 8.6 8.3 53.2 32.3 9.0 11.9 54.4 36.6 7.7 10.1 54.6 36.6 7.8 10.3 50.1 31.9 10.4 7.8 56.3 36.7 9.1 10.5 51.7 36.9 7.3 7.5 51.7 36.2 8.3 7.2 56.1 41.8 7.6 6.7 57.2 41.2 10.5 5.5 Wife or other member em ployed 4_____ Wife or other member unemployed (none em ployed)____________________ 42.4 39.3 40.8 41.7 41.5 42.6 45.7 44.4 47.5 42.9 48.2 43.9 45.4 50.8 49.1 6.4 9.7 8.2 7.9 9.9 8.3 7.5 10.0 7.2 7.2 8.1 7.7 6.2 5.4 8.1 51.2 51.0 51.0 50.3 48.6 49.0 46.8 45.6 45.4 49.9 43.7 48.3 48.3 43.9 42.8 Neither wife nor other member in labor force____________________________________ 1 The number of men in husband-wife families shown here is smaller than the number shown as married with spouse present in other tables because it excludes married couples living in households where a relative is the head. 2 See footnote 1, table 1. 3 Includes members of the Armed Forces living off post or with their famlies on post. 4 This category m ay also include a wife or other member who is unem ployed. 75 T A B L E 29. Employed Married Women, Husband Present, by M ajor Occupation Group, 1947-71 A llo c ci ipation groijps Date Number (thou sands) April 1947........ ......... April 1948_________ April 1949_________ March 1950________ April 1951_________ April 1952_________ April 1953 2....... . April 1954_________ April 1955_________ March 1956________ March 1957................ March 1958________ March 1959________ March 19602_______ March 1961________ March 19622_______ March 1963________ March 1964________ March 1965________ March 1966________ March 1967________ March 1968............... March 1969.............. March 1970........ ....... March 1971 ........... 6,502 7,369 7,637 8,038 8,750 8,946 9,525 9,388 10,021 10,676 11,036 10,995 11,516 11,587 12,337 12,716 13,303 13,626 13,959 14,623 15,189 16,199 16,947 17,497 17,445 1 N ot available. 76 Profes Farmers sional, and technical, and farm kindred managers Percent workers 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7.9 7.7 8.3 9.5 (9 9.7 (9 11.2 10.5 10.4 10.7 12.1 12.8 13.0 12.9 14.2 13.4 13.3 14.7 14.0 14.6 15.1 15.0 15.4 16.0 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.0 (9 0) .7 .5 .7 .6 .4 .3 .4 .2 .5 .4 .4 .3 .2 .4 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 Managers, Clerical officials, and and pro prietors, kindred workers exclud ing farm 6.5 7.2 6.9 7.0 0) 6.6 0) 6.1 4.6 5.6 6.1 5.6 5.9 5.0 5.3 5.7 5.2 5.6 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.9 4.6 4.7 5.1 Sales workers 21.2 32.0 32.4 32.4 0) 25.8 (9 24.4 25.4 27.6 28.4 28.3 27.7 28.3 29.3 30.6 30.3 30.2 30.2 31.4 32.1 32.2 33.3 33.6 33.2 8.7 Crafts men, foremen, and kindred workers Opera tives and kindred workers 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.2 25.6 24.6 22.0 23.1 (9 (9 (9 (9 8.8 9.2 9.4 9.6 8.4 8.9 8.7 8.4 9.2 8.7 8.4 8.2 8.1 7.8 7.9 7.1 7.2 7.1 7.4 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 2 See footnote 1, table 1. (9 23.0 (9 22.4 21.8 19.0 19.1 18.0 17.9 18.6 16.7 15.6 16.4 17.3 17.5 17.2 17.6 17.5 16.6 16.3 13.4 Private house hold workers Service workers, exclud ing private house hold 8.4 17.7 18.7 20.2 11.2 Farm Laborers, exclud laborers and ing foremen farm and mine 7.1 7.2 8.6 5.2 (9 0) (9 (9 0) <9 6.8 5.9 6.3 6.9 7.4 7.4 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.0 5.8 5.5 5.1 5.1 4.3 4.2 3.6 3.5 3.4 11.2 13.2 12.8 13.2 13.0 14.0 14.9 15.9 14.7 14.4 15.6 15.8 15.5 15.5 15.2 15.1 16.0 16.0 16.7 5.4 5.3 6.6 5.1 4.6 3.8 3.9 3.1 3.5 2.7 2.7 2.2 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.6 1.3 0.5 .3 .5 .4 (9 <9 .7 .4 .6 .5 .6 .5 .4 .3 .5 .5 .4 .4 .5 .5 .3 .4 .4 .3 1.0 T A B L E 30. Employment Status o f the Civilian Noninstitutional Population, by School Enrollment, Sex, and A g e , October 1947-71 [Persons 14 to 24 years old for 1947-67,16 to 24 years old for 1967-71] M ale S ch ool enrollm ent a n d year Both sexes, 14 t o 24 years T o ta l, 14 t o 24 years F em ale 14 to 19 years 20 t o 24 years T o ta l T o ta l, 14 t o 24 years 14 an d 15 16 an d 17 18 a n d 19 14 to 19 years 20 t o 24 years T o ta l 14 a n d 15 16 a n d 17 18 a n d 19 E m p lo y e d (th ousands) E n ro lled 1047_______ ______ _______ 1048_____________________ 1049_____________________ 1050___________ _____ _ 1051..................... ................. 1052__________ _____ _____ 1053______________ ______ 1054______ ___ ______ 1055____ ______________ 1056............. - ___ ______ 1057 *__ _____ _______ 1058_____________________ 1050_____________________ 1060_____________________ 1061____________ ___ _ 1062________ __________ 1063__________ ____ _ 1064___ ________________ 1065_____ ____________ 1966_____________________ 1967......................... .............. 1967 «.......................... .......... 1968....................................... 1969................. ...................... 1970........................................ 1971______ ____ _ 1,600 1,794 1,761 2,331 2,208 1,914 1,822 2,206 2,556 2,856 2,983 2,886 3,145 3,150 3,255 3,562 3,841 3,933 4.652 4,914 5,244 4,188 4,490 4,962 4,806 5,022 1,090 1,219 1,113 1,522 1,370 1,266 1,179 1,396 1,700 1,792 1,869 1,866 1,971 2,006 2,025 2,282 2,485 2,508 2,920 3,044 3,150 2,594 2,816 2,965 2,744 2,987 865 996 880 1,260 1,134 1,096 1,016 1,151 1,421 1,430 1,477 1,452 1,549 1,610 1,554 1,699 1,839 1,909 2,193 2,291 2,274 1 718 1 904 1967 1^ 783 l) 924 10,161 9,903 9,221 9,527 8,532 7,800 7,499 7,070 7,651 7,503 7,399 7,368 7,702 8,017 8,199 8,275 8,292 8,930 9,350 9,585 9,661 9,637 9,802 10,360 10,840 11,308 6,009 5,969 5,466 5,679 4,864 4,230 4,033 3,702 4,141 4,135 4,135 4,073 4,445 4,604 4,660 4,616 4,677 5,006 5,169 5,131 5,117 5,103 4,995 5,243 5,587 5,969 1,829 1,781 1,589 1,615 1,484 1,430 1,413 1,235 1,265 1,205 1,148 1,074 1,142 1,210 1,221 1,185 1,138 1,188 1,404 1,317 1,206 1,192 1,171 1,244 1,320 1,365 ft ft ft ft ft ft h ft 0) ft ft 375 441 491 530 556 475 549 561 571 617 580 571 656 564 556 0) 440 523 633 601 646 696 701 717 640 700 866 930 1,001 1,093 1,136 1,136 1,167 1,228 1,148 1,189 141 182 156 232 166 186 201 187 297 299 275 281 299 332 343 382 393 408 536 634 582 582 737 739 635 735 225 223 234 262 236 170 163 245 279 362 392 414 422 396 471 583 646 599 727 753 876 876 912 998 961 1,063 510 575 648 809 838 648 643 810 856 1,064 1,114 1,020 1,174 1,144 1,230 1,280 1,356 1,425 1,732 1,870 2,094 1,594 1,674 1,997 2,062 2,035 465 529 582 724 762 566 556 694 722 891 911 875 1,003 980 1,047 1,051 1,127 1,176 1,437 1,538 1,634 1 134 1* 212 l[ 396 1^442 l!43 1 1,110 1,154 1,068 1,100 1,010 924 971 892 908 845 844 771 865 898 945 927 904 954 1,104 1,092 998 998 987 1,035 1,137 1,184 4,180 4,187 3,878 4,064 3,380 2,800 2,620 2,467 2,876 2,930 2,987 2,999 3,303 3,394 3,439 3,431 3,539 3,818 3,765 3,814 3,911 3,911 3,824 3,999 4,267 4,604 4,152 3,934 3,754 3,848 3,668 3,570 3,466 3,368 3,510 3,458 3,264 3,295 3,257 3,413 3,539 3,659 3,615 3,924 4,190 4,454 4,544 4,534 4,807 5,117 5,253 5,339 1,496 1,385 1,297 1,246 1,188 1,210 1,188 1,068 1,221 1,148 1,142 1,067 1,038 1,159 1,216 1,184 1,116 1,135 1,278 1,363 1,266 1,256 1,230 1,349 1,249 1,213 ft 0) p) ft ft ft ft197 P> h ft h ft 270 374 335 427 452 397 471 457 408 478 584 582 708 739 751 751 808 930 954 914 199 263 306 298 280 347 326 423 392 320 379 403 395 500 84 61 105 139 124 74 89 121 124 158 161 198 185 197 216 181 223 215 326 404 383 383 404 466 488 517 45 46 67 86 76 82 87 116 134 173 203 145 171 164 183 229 229 249 295 332 460 460 462 601 620 604 1,074 993 948 904 924 894 909 862 951 893 933 845 826 922 1,003 991 964 961 1,119 1,210 1,100 1,100 1,113 1.198 1,122 1,076 2,656 2,548 2,457 2,601 2,480 2,360 2,279 2,300 2,289 2,310 2,122 2,228 2,219 2,254 2,323 2,475 2,499 2,789 2,912 3, 091 3,278 3,278 3,577 3,768 4,004 4,126 N ot E n ro lle d 1947___________ _ 1948_____________________ 1949___ ________________ 1050_______ _____ ________ 1951................. ................... .. 1 9 5 2 ................................... 1953.................. .................... 1954_____________________ 1955........... ..................... .. 1956........... ................. .......... 1957*_____________ ______ 1958_______ ______________ 1959_____________________ 1960___________ _____ _ 1961_____________________ 1 9 6 2 ...________ _________ 1963_____________________ 1964_____________________ 1965_________ ____________ 1966_____________________ 1967....................................... 1967 »..................................... 1968....................................... 1969_____________________ 1970....................................... 1971.________ ___________ ft ft (0 0) 8 8 0) ft ft379 0) 63 44 52 31 24 48 28 21 24 22 17 10 14 17 14 299 305 329 280 255 249 291 252 236 217 224 286 208 194 194 184 209 183 181 p) ft ft ft 0) 0) ft p> («) w ft 21 25 21 18 16 22 17 16 19 12 10 15 11 10 10 (*) 258 181 249 237 193 200 195 221 194 181 142 159 148 143 156 156 117 151 127 137 Unemployed (thousands) E n ro lle d 1947_________ ________ ______ 1948______ ________________ 1949_______________________ 1950_____ __________________ 1951........................................... 1952_______________________ 1953................... ............ ........... 1954.......................................1955.......... ................... ............. 1956........................................... 1 9 5 7 *_____________________ 1958..................... ...................... 1959_____ _________________ 1960.......................................1961.............. ................. ........... 1962__________ _____________ 1963..................... ..................... 1 9 6 4 ....................................... 1 9 6 5 ....................................... 1966........................................... 1967........................................... 1967 »........................................ 1968........................................... 1969 ....................... 19 7 0 . 1971.................................. .. f t f t 61 116 89 82 66 66 126 150 151 178 230 228 240 296 310 379 382 423 370 598 486 452 608 729 779 46 84 53 58 44 47 100 101 102 121 171 157 165 198 199 226 224 293 232 394 307 275 337 437 473 28 28 59 51 50 42 45 80 94 82 98 133 134 147 180 161 191 183 256 207 349 262 232 264 342 373 (|) f t f t ( 1) (i) f t f t P) f t f t b ) 7 21 19 17 26 39 25 19 46 34 28 41 42 40 87 33 46 42 45 48 66 78 89 95 86 123 104 139 111 188 188 158 182 227 273 8 9 8 13 6 6 5 13 33 20 24 28 31 39 39 41 40 38 75 56 74 74 74 82 115 100 0) f t 19 25 2 8 2 2 20 7 20 23 38 23 18 18 38 35 41 37 25 45 45 43 73 95 15 32 36 24 22 18 26 49 49 57 59 71 75 98 111 153 158 130 138 204 179 177 271 292 100 306 17 13 27 35 20 22 14 24 47 45 51 53 65 71 88 92 133 136 108 127 166 141 150 231 258 251 , ( i) ( l) ( 1) (i) f t f t f t f t f t 5 3 2 6 2 f t f t f t 0 4 19 4 12 5 10 10 16 21 28 9 7 12 25 7 15 17 37 33 35 44 48 53 49 75 101 67 72 91 91 101 160 180 170 ft 2 6 2 4 2 7 0 5 5 2 2 4 11 4 6 13 11 13 19 22 30 26 34 43 50 6 6 6 4 10 10 20 22 22 11 50 49 71 78 27 40 34 81 56 See fo o tn o te s a t end o f table* 77 T A B L E 30. Employment Status of the Civilian Noninstitutional Population, by School Enrollment, Sex, and A g e , October 1947-71 — Continued [Persons 14 to 24 years old for 1947-67; 16 to 24 years old for 1967-71] M a le S c h o o l e n r o llm e n t an d year B oth s ex es, 14 t o 24 years T o t a l , 14 t o 24 years F e m a le 14 t o 19 y e a r s 20 t o 24 years T ota l 14 a n d 15 16 a n d 17 14 t o 19 y e a r s T o t a l , 14 t o 24 years 20 t o 24 years T ota l 18 a n d 19 14 a n d 15 16 a n d 17 P> P> P> 0) P> 0) P> (0 P> P> P> P> 18 a n d 19 U n e m p lo y e d (t h o u s a n d s ) N ot E nrolled 1947............................................ 1948............................................ 1949............................................ 1950............................................ 1951............................................ 1952............................................ 1953............................................ 1954............................................ 1955........................................... 1956............................................ 1957*......................................... 1958............................................ 1959............................................ 1960............................................ 1961............................................ 1962............................................ 1963............................................ 1964............................................ 1965....................................... .. 1966............................................ 1967............................................ 1967 * ......................................... 1968............................................ 1969............................................ 1970............................................ 1 9 7 1 . . . .................................... <*) 519 1 ,0 8 5 522 388 394 324 621 504 480 576 928 828 896 1,031 874 1 ,0 2 2 962 772 748 873 863 795 818 1,329 1 ,3 9 0 0) 335 714 279 200 208 171 342 259 255 372 570 486 520 568 455 481 484 349 283 337 331 318 337 701 711 178 147 250 135 86 96 106 127 128 109 161 249 243 248 247 184 216 185 184 151 176 170 137 139 260 262 0) (») 0) (0 (0 V) 0) 0) (>) 0) 0) 0) 2 8 2 9 7 8 3 6 8 4 3 0 0 1 6 56 56 69 53 51 88 86 65 69 42 56 39 56 50 50 50 33 38 73 60 0) 184 371 243 188 186 152 279 245 225 203 358 3 42 376 463 419 541 478 423 465 536 532 477 481 628 679 96 77 164 112 92 100 82 146 103 93 92 166 163 198 220 181 244 233 224 230 259 255 206 203 272 275 P> 2 .5 4 .7 4 .3 3 .0 3 .4 2 .7 3 .1 5 .4 4 .4 4 .9 5 .5 5 .7 6 .2 7 .4 8 .0 1 0 .1 1 0 .0 7 .0 6 .9 8 .9 1 0 .1 9 .6 11 .9 1 2 .4 1 3 .1 3 .5 2 .4 4 .4 4 .6 2 .6 3 .7 2 .5 3 .3 6 .1 4 .8 5 .3 5 .7 6 .1 6 .8 7 .8 8 .0 1 0 .6 1 0 .4 7 .0 7 .6 9 .2 1 1 .1 1 1 .0 1 4 .2 1 5 .2 1 4 .9 P> P> P> P> P> P) P) 6 .0 5 .3 1 1 .2 8 .2 7 .2 7 .6 6 .5 1 2 .0 7 .8 7 .5 7 .5 1 3 .5 1 3 .6 1 4 .6 1 5 .3 1 3 .3 1 7 .9 1 7 .0 1 4 .9 1 4 .4 1 7 .0 1 6 .9 1 4 .3 1 3 .1 1 7 .9 1 8 .5 P> P> ( 1) P> 0) ( 1) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) ( 4) (4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) (4) ( 4) ( 4) (4) (4) 0) 189 464 144 114 112 66 215 131 146 211 321 243 272 321 271 265 299 165 132 161 161 181 198 441 449 2 4 2 5 0 4 3 8 1 0 0 3 0 2 4 30 47 27 22 32 58 35 52 49 42 75 56 46 53 44 44 41 55 52 59 54 48 114 74 60 66 50 95 74 66 60 104 125 138 170 139 169 174 178 175 211 211 165 148 220 216 P> 107 207 131 96 86 71 133 142 132 112 199 169 247 232 14 7 2 89 235 187 235 277 277 271 278 356 404 U n e m p lo y m e n t r a t e E nrolled 1947.................................. .. 1948................................... .. 1949............................................ 1950........................................... 1951.............................. ............. 1952............................................ 1953........................................... 1954............................................ 1955................... ............. ........... 1 9 5 6 ................................. .. 1957 » ........................................ 1958..................................... 1959............................................ 1960............ ............................... 1961............................................ 1962............................................ 1963..................... ...................... 1964............................................ 1965______ ________________ 1966............................................ 1967............................................ 1 96 7*......................................... 1968............................................ 1 9 6 9 . . . . .................................. 1970........................................... 1971_______________________ 89 94 146 72 48 36 48 63 57 47 103 153 154 177 170 138 157 146 128 100 120 120 104 101 187 202 ( l) 3 .3 6 .2 3 .7 3 .6 3 .3 3 .5 5 .4 5 .5 5 .0 5 .6 7 .4 6 .8 7 .1 8 .3 8 .0 9 .0 8 .9 8 .3 7 .0 1 0 .2 1 0 .4 9 .1 1 0 .9 1 3 .2 1 3 .4 0) ( l) ( l) 3 .6 7 .0 3 .4 4 .1 3 .4 3 .8 6 .7 5 .6 5 .4 6 .1 8 .4 7 .4 7 .6 8 .9 8 .0 8 .3 8 .2 9 .1 7 .1 11 .1 1 0 .6 8 .9 1 0 .2 1 3 .7 1 3 .7 3 .1 2 .7 6 .3 3 .9 4 .2 3 .7 4 .2 6 .5 6 .2 5 .4 6 .2 8 .4 8 .0 8 .4 1 0 .4 8 .7 9.4 8 .7 1 0 .5 8 .3 1 3 .3 1 3 .2 1 0 .9 1 1 .8 16.1 1 6 .2 P) 7 .0 8 .1 6 .2 7 .0 6 .9 8 .7 1 0 .0 1 1 .0 12 .9 1 0 .9 1 2 .4 10.1 1 2 .2 9 .2 1 4 .2 1 4 .2 1 1 .9 12 .9 16.5 1 8 .7 5 .4 4 .7 4 .9 5 .3 3 .5 3 .1 2 .4 6 .5 1 0 .0 6 .3 8 .0 9 .1 9 .4 1 0 .5 1 0 .2 9 .7 9 .2 8 .5 1 2 .3 8 .1 1 1 .3 1 1 .3 9 .1 1 0 .0 1 5 .3 1 2 .0 (l) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 1 2 .9 1 5 .8 1 8 .4 1 3 .9 1 5 .4 2 5 .7 2 5 .7 1 8 .3 2 1 .5 15.1 2 0 .5 1 4 .8 1 6 .4 1 9 .4 2 0 .5 2 0 .5 1 5 .2 1 5 .4 2 8 .5 2 4 .9 7 .4 7 .5 1 2 .0 6 .1 4 .5 3 .8 4 .7 6 .6 5 .9 5 .3 1 0 .9 1 6 .6 15.1 1 6 .5 1 5 .2 1 3 .0 1 4 .8 1 3 .3 1 0 .4 8 .4 1 0 .7 1 0 .7 9 .5 8 .9 14.1 1 4 .6 P) (l) 0) 0) ( l) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 1 .8 4 .5 3 .7 3 .1 4 .5 7 .6 4 .4 3 .3 7 .5 5 .2 4 .6 6 .7 6 .0 6 .6 1 3 .5 7 .9 9 .7 .8 3 .3 1 .2 1 .2 7 .5 2 .4 5 .2 5 .5 8 .4 5 .2 4 .3 3 .7 6 .1 5 .1 6 .4 4 .8 3 .2 4 .9 4 .9 4 .5 6 .8 9 0 8 .6 P> P) P) P) P) P) 0 2 .0 6 .7 1 .3 3 .9 1 .8 2 .8 3 .0 3 .6 5 .1 8 .0 2 .3 1 .7 2 .9 4 .8 2 .5 3 .9 4 .8 8 .0 6 .8 8 .1 8 .5 9 .5 1 1 .5 9 .3 1 1 .4 1 4 .8 8 .6 8 .9 1 0 .8 1 0 .8 11 .1 1 4 .7 1 5 .9 1 5 .7 5 .6 (4) 1 .9 4 .2 1 .6 (4) (4) 4 .0 8 .1 2 .5 3 .6 6 .2 5 .6 6 .2 8 .1 1 0 .8 1 1 .9 1 0 .8 9 .4 9 .6 1 1 .5 1 1 .5 1 0 .8 1 3 .2 1 3 .8 1 3 .5 0 (4) P> <4) (4) (4) (4) * 1 .7 1 .5 2 .3 2 .9 4 .0 3 .4 2 .4 5 .2 7 .7 8 .0 8 .1 6 .9 3 .2 7 .6 7 .6 5 .5 6 .2 5 .2 8 .3 N ot E nrolled 1947........................................... 1948........................................... 1949........................................... 1950........................................... 1951........................................... 1952........................................... 1953............................................ 1954............................................ 1955............................................ 1956............................................ 1957 *......................................... 1958............................................ 1959......................................... .. 1960..................................... 1961.......... ................................. 1962........................................... 1963.......... ................................. 1964............................................ 1965........................................... 1966........................................... 1967............................................ 1967 •......................................... 1968........................................... 1969__________ ________ 1970............................................ 1971_______________________ 5 .0 1 0 .5 5 .2 4 .3 4 .8 4 .1 8 .1 6 .2 5 .9 7 .2 1 1 .2 9 .7 10.1 1 1 .2 9 .6 1 1 .0 9 .7 7 .6 7 .2 8 .3 8 .2 7 .5 7 .3 1 0 .9 1 0 .9 5 .3 1 1 .6 4 .7 3 .8 4 .9 4 .1 8 .5 5 .9 5 .8 8 .3 1 2 .3 9 .9 10.1 1 0 .9 9 .0 9 .3 8 .8 6 .3 5 .2 6 .2 6 .1 6 .0 6 .0 11.1 1 0 .6 8 .9 7 .6 1 3 .6 7 .7 5 .5 6 .3 7 .0 9 .3 9 .2 8 .3 1 2 .3 1 8 .8 1 7 .5 1 7 .0 1 6 .8 1 3 .4 1 6 .0 1 3 .5 1 1 .6 1 0 .3 1 2 .7 1 2 .5 1 0 .5 1 0 .1 1 6 .5 1 6 .1 0) 0) 0) ( l) 0) 0) (*) (4) (4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 1 N ot available. 2 Beginning 1957, data not strictly comparable with earlier years. 8 Data revised to refer to persons 16 years and over in accordance with the changes in age limit and concepts introduced in 1967. 78 4 .3 1 0 .7 3 .4 3 .3 3 .8 2 .5 8 .0 4 .4 4 .7 6 .6 9 .7 6 .9 7 .4 8 .5 7 .3 7 .0 7 .3 4 .2 3 .3 4 .0 4 .0 4 .5 4 .7 9 .4 8 .9 4 .5 9 .0 5 .9 4 .5 4 .3 4 .2 7 .7 6 .5 6 .1 5 .9 9 .8 9 .5 9 .9 1 1 .6 1 0 .3 1 3 .0 1 0 .9 9 .2 9 .5 1 0 .6 1 0 .5 9 .0 8 .6 1 0 .7 1 1 .3 P) 0 P) P) P) P> 1 0 .4 2 0 .6 9 .8 8 .5 1 4 .2 2 2 .5 1 5 .2 1 9 .0 2 0 .2 1 8 .8 3 4 .6 2 6 .0 2 3 .7 2 7 .0 2 2 .0 2 2 .0 2 5 .9 2 6 .7 2 9 .1 3 0 .1 5 .0 4 .6 1 0 .7 7 .6 6 .1 6 .9 5 .2 9 .9 7 .2 6 .9 6 .0 1 1 .0 13.1 1 3 .0 1 4 .5 1 2 .3 1 4 .9 1 5 .3 1 3 .7 1 2 .6 1 6 .1 1 6 .1 1 2 .9 1 1 .4 1 6 .0 1 6 .7 P> 4 .0 7 .8 4 .8 3 .7 3 .5 3 .0 5 .5 5 .8 5 .4 5 .0 7 .9 7 .5 7 .3 9 .5 8 .8 1 0 .6 8 .1 6 .4 7 .1 7 .8 7 .8 7 .9 6 .0 8 .2 8 .9 4 Percent not shown where base is less than 100,600. N ote : Because the number of 14- to 15-year-olds w ho are not enrolled in school is very small, the sampling variability for this group is relatively high. T A B L E 31. O ccupational Distribution of Employed High School Graduates Not Enrolled in College and o f School Dropouts as of O ctober of Year of Graduation or Dropout, by Sex, 1959-71 [Persons 16 to 24 years of age] Percent distribution Year and sex A ll occupations (thousands) Total White-collar workers Blue-collar workers Service work ers, including private house hold Fanners and farm laborers H igh School G raduates Male 1959_________ _____ _____ ________________________________________ 19601__________ _________________ ____________ _________________ _ 1961________ _____________________________________________________ 1962_____________________________________ _________________________ 1963.................................. ............ ................................................................. 1964____________________ ____ - ................................................................ 1965_________________ _________________ - .............................................. 1 96 6 ........................ ................................. .................................................. 1967................................................................................................................. 1968................................................................................................................. 1969............................................................................................................... 1970................................................................................................................ 1971______________________ : _______________________________________ 239 262 242 305 275 338 452 397 379 345 449 458 450 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 26.1 19.5 14.9 19.3 20.1 19.4 18.4 20.9 20.2 20.3 18.9 18.4 16.2 59.3 56.9 64.5 56.1 65.3 66.7 66.7 69.3 67.8 65.4 70.0 69.4 65.9 4.9 8.4 6.6 7.5 9.1 6.5 10.0 5.3 6.3 8.7 6.4 5.7 12.0 9.7 15.3 14.0 17.0 5.5 7.4 4.9 4.5 5.8 5.5 4.7 6.6 6.0 Female 1959..................................... ................................... .................................... 19601________ ____________________________________________ ______ 1961_________ ____ __________________________________ _________ _ 1962................................................................................................. ............. 1 9 6 3 .............................................................................................................. 1964................................................................................................................. 1965................................................................................................................. 1966................................................................................................................. 1967................................................................................................................. 1968................................................................................................................. 1969................................................................................ ............................. 1970................................................................................................................. 1971____________________________________________________ __________ 310 337 357 336 344 364 486 449 422 437 480 383 420 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 69.7 79.1 72.2 70.8 68.8 69.8 60.9 68.0 65.8 66.9 68.3 61.4 58.7 10.5 7.2 9.8 10.7 9.2 11.7 16.2 16.0 17.3 16.4 13.5 17.6 19.0 15.0 9.8 14.9 15.5 19.1 17.3 22.2 14.7 13.5 15.7 18.1 20.5 20.7 4.8 3.9 3.1 3.0 2.9 1.1 .8 1.3 3.3 .9 Male 1960 1 *3.............................................................................................................. 1961................................................................................................................. 1962........................................................................................................ 1963 ............................................ ......................................................... 1964 ...... ................................................................ 1965........................... ....................... .............................................. ............. 1966........................... ......................................................................... .......... 1967................................................................................................................. 1968................................................................................................................ 1969................................................................................................................ 1970...................... .......... .............. .................................................... ............ 1971______________________________________________________________ 102 108 78 85 72 106 101 105 111 135 99 124 100.0 100.0 (3) (3) (3) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 9.6 12.7 54.8 44.5 7.7 14.5 27.9 28.2 1.9 12.9 17.2 21.6 13.3 13.3 11.2 78.3 61.4 64.7 60.3 71.9 63.3 69.6 10.3 6.9 17.1 9.0 8.9 11.2 10.4 9.4 18.8 1.0 9.0 5.9 12.2 8.8 Female 1960-61, to ta l3____________________ ____ __________________________ I960____ _____________ ____________________________________ _ 1961 1962 ................................. ..................................................... .............. 1963.................... .................... ............................................................. 1964 ________ _________ ______________________________________ 1965 ...... ..................................................................................... 1966 . . ___ __ 1967 . 1968.................................. . ............ 1969 ........................ . . ............ 1970 _ ____ 1971 140 73 67 37 38 29 40 40 45 53 47 69 54 100.0 (3) (1) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 28.7 11.8 42.6 16.9 .5 1.7 School D ropouts 1 Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960 and are therefore not strictly comparable with data for 1959. 3 Data for 1959 not available. 3 Percent not shown where base is less than 100,000. 4 Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000. 79 T A B L E 32. Employment Status o f High School Graduates Not Enrolled in College and o f School Dropouts as o f October o f Y e ar o f Graduation or Dropout, by Sex, M arital Status o f Women, and Color, 1959-71 [Persons 16 to 24 years of age; numbers in thousands] H igh school graduates School dropouts Civilian labor force Item Civilian noninstitutional Total Unemployed Percent N um of popu ber lation 1969» T otal_____________________ Male____________________________ Female_________ ________________ Single______________________ Married, widowed, divorced, separated_________________ I960 T otal_________ ____________ C ivilian labor force Em ployed N o tin labor force Civilian noninstitutional Total U nem ployed Percent Num of popu ber lation Percent N um of civil ber ian labor force Em ployed N o tin labor force Percent N um o f civil ber ian labor force 790 634 80.2 549 85 13.5 156 (3) (2) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 304 486 418 279 355 331 91.7 73.0 79.2 239 310 291 40 45 40 14.3 12.8 12.1 25 131 88 (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 68 24 19 5 43 (a) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 921 706 76.7 599 107 15.2 215 344 214 62.2 175 39 18.2 130 348 573 473 308 398 359 88.5 69.5 75.9 262 337 308 46 61 51 14.9 15.3 14.2 40 175 114 165 179 110 126 88 71 76.4 49.2 64.5 102 73 60 24 15 11 19.0 39 91 39 100 848 73 39 653 53 39.0 77.0 29 568 31 10 85 22 61 195 20 69 273 71 17 163 51 59.7 (3) 13 133 42 4 30 9 T otal________ _____________ 916 730 79.7 599 131 17.9 186 354 239 67.5 175 M a le .._______ ___________________ Female_____ ____________________ Single_______________________ Married, widowed, divorced, separated_____ ____________ W hite._________ _________________ Negro and other races.................... 345 571 482 297 433 392 86.1 75.8 81.3 242 357 326 55 76 66 18.5 17.6 16.8 48 138 90 179 175 119 150 89 75 83.8 50.9 63.0 108 67 55 89 814 102 41 651 79 (3) 80.0 77.4 31 545 54 10 106 25 (3) 16.3 (3) 48 163 23 56 283 71 14 189 50 (3) 66.8 (3) 12 134 41 938 746 79.5 641 105 14.1 192 285 161 56.5 392 546 469 356 390 352 90.8 71.4 75.1 305 336 309 51 54 43 14.3 13.8 12.2 36 156 117 126 159 83 107 54 43 77 820 118 38 657 89 (3) 80.1 75.4 27 568 73 11 89 16 (3) 13.5 (3) 39 163 29 76 210 75 11 113 48 Male__________ _________________ Female___________ ______________ Single---------- ---------- ------------Married, widowed, divorced, separated.................... . ......... W h ite .............................................. Negro and other races.................... 1961 (3) (3) 13.0 (3) 1962 T o t a l._____ ______________ Male____________________________ Fem ale_________________________ Single........ ................................ Married, widowed, divorced, separated-------------------------White___________________________ Negro and other races.................... 196S T otal_____________________ Male............................... .................... Female_______________ _________ Single___________ _________ Married, widowed, divorced, separated____________ ___ W h ite.._________________________ Negro and other races.................... 196k Total________________ ____ M a le ..________________________ Female_____ ____________________ Single_______________________ Married, widowed, divorced, separated_________________ White.......... ......... ................ ............ Negro and other races.................... T otal_____________________ See fo o tn o te s a t end o f ta t >le. 80 (3) 52 18.4 (3) no 64 26.8 115 42 22 20 28.0 (3) (3) 29 86 44 2 55 9 (3) 29.1 (3) 42 94 21 115 46 28.6 124 84.9 34.0 (3) 78 37 28 29 17 15 27.1 (3) (3) 19 105 40 (3) 53.8 (3) 9 83 32 2 30 16 (3) 26.5 (3) 65 97 27 20 957 755 78.9 619 136 18.0 202 273 180 65.9 123 57 31.7 93 379 578 489 340 415 368 89.7 71.8 75.3 275 344 311 65 71 57 19.1 17.1 15.5 39 163 121 132 141 79 no 70 50 83.3 49.6 (3) 85 38 25 25 32 25 22.7 (3) (3) 22 71 29 89 879 78 47 690 65 (3) 78.5 (3) 33 580 39 14 110 26 (3) 15.9 (3) 42 189 13 62 217 56 20 151 29 (3) 69.6 (3) 13 101 22 7 50 7 (3) 33.1 (3) 42 66 27 1,108 863 77.9 702 161 18.7 245 244 152 62.3 101 51 33.6 92 50 39 206 142 116 128 82 97 55 39 83.6 43.0 (3) 72 29 19 25 26 20 (3) (3) (3) 19 73 43 (3) 32.2 (3) 30 82 10 427 681 574 388 475 432 90.9 69.8 75.3 338 364 334 111 98 12.9 23.4 22.7 107 997 43 773 90 40.2 77.5 81.1 30 644 58 13 129 32 (3) 16.8 (3) 64 224 21 46 203 41 16 121 31 (3) 59.6 (3) 10 82 19 6 39 12 1,305 1,071 82.1 938 133 12.4 234 304 183 60.2 146 37 20.2 121 536 769 645 488 583 508 91.0 75.8 78.8 452 486 425 36 97 83 7.4 16.6 16.3 48 186 137 168 136 83 133 50 40 79 2 36.8 (3) 106 40 33 27 10 7 20.3 (3) (3) 35 86 43 124 1,168 137 75 963 108 60.5 82.4 78.8 61 859 79 14 104 29 (3) 10.8 26.9 49 205 29 53 247 57 10 153 30 (3) 61.9 (3) 7 122 24 3 31 6 (8) 20.3 (3) 43 111 1966 Male___________________________ Female____ ____________________ Single_____ ________________ Married, widowed, divorced, separated_________________ White__________________________ Negro and other races................... (3) (3) (3) 94 27 T A B L E 32. Employment Status of High School Graduates Not Enrolled in College and of School Dropouts as of October of Y e a r of Graduation or Dropout, by Sex, M arital Status of Women, and Color, 1 9 5 9 -7 1 — Continued [Persons 16 to 24 years of age; numbers in thousands] School dropouts High school graduates Civilian labor force C ivilian labor force Item 1966 T otal....................................... Civilian noninstitutional popula tion U nem ployed Total Percent N um of popu ber lation Em ployed N ot in labor force Percent N um of civil ber ian labor force Civilian noninstitutiorial popula tion Total Unem ployed Percent N um of popu ber lation Em ployed 1,303 986 75.7 846 140 14.2 317 266 172 64.7 141 N ot in labor force Percent N um of civil ber ian labor force 31 18.0 94 M ale.................................................. Fem ale............................................ Single......................................... Married, widowed, divorced, separated_____ ____ W hite................................................ Negro and other races.................... 408 805 668 435 551 485 87.3 68.4 72.6 397 449 399 38 102 86 8.7 18.5 17.7 63 254 183 152 114 75 124 48 43 81.6 42.1 (*) 101 40 35 23 8' 8 18.5 (3) (3) 28 66 32 137 1,160 143 66 893 93 48.2 77.0 65.0 50 778 68 16 115 25 (*) 12.9 (3) 71 267 50 39 218 48 5 141 31 (3) 64.7 (3) 5 119 22 22 9 15.6 (3) 34 77 17 1967 T otal.................... ................. 1,214 956 78.7 801 155 16.2 258 301 196 65.1 149 47 24.0 105 Male................................................... Female.............................................. Single......................................... Married, widowed, divorced, separated................................ White................................................. Negro and other races................... 484 730 630 419 537 486 86.6 73.6 77.0 379 422 384 40 115 102 9.5 21.4 21.0 65 193 144 157 144 94 129 67 49 82.2 46.5 52.1 104 45 33 25 22 16 19.4 (4) (4) 28 77 45 100 1,064 150 51 847 109 51.0 79.6 72.7 38 728 73 13 119 36 (4) 14.0 33.0 49 217 41 50 239 62 18 157 39 (4) 65.7 (4) 12 122 27 6 35 12 (4) 22.3 (4) 32 82 23 1968 T otal....................................... 1,162 904 77.8 782 122 13.5 258 328 208 63.4 164 44 21.2 120 436 726 591 384 520 449 88.1 71.6 76.0 345 437 380 39 83 69 10.2 16.0 15.4 52 206 142 177 151 95 134 74 52 75.7 49.0 54.7 111 53 36 23 21 16 17.2 (4) (4) 43 135 999 163 71 775 129 52.6 77.4 79.1 57 684 98 14 91 31 (4) 11.7 24.0 64 224 34 56 257 71 22 171 37 (4) 66.5 (4) 17 134 30 5 37 7 (4) 21.6 (4) 34 Male................................................... Female.............................................. Single......................................... Married, widowed, divorced, separated................................ White................................................. Negro and other races. ................. 1969 Total............. ........................ Male.............- .................................... Female.............................................. Single......................................... Married, widowed, divorced, separated............................... White................................................ Negro and other races............ ...... 1970 T otal_______ ______________ Male.................................................. F em a le_________ . . . __________ Singlo......................................... Married, widowed, divorced, separated............. W hite___________________________ Negro and other races................... 1971 T otal............. ................... . Male-------------- ----------- ---------------Fem ale.......................... .................... Single....................... .................. Married, widowed, divorced, separated............. White................................................. Negro and other races.................... 1 Data not available b y color. 3 N ot available. 43 77 86 34 79.1 929 120 11.4 277 363 221 60.9 182 39 17.6 142 540 786 647 486 563 494 90.0 71.6 76.4 449 480 425 37 83 69 7.6 14.7 14.0 54 223 153 196 167 102 159 62 45 81.1 37.1 44.1 135 47 35 24 15 10 15.1 (4) (4) 37 105 57 139 1,142 184 69 910 139 49.6 79.7 75.5 55 834 95 14 76 44 (4) 8.4 31.7 70 232 45 65 288 75 17 173 48 (4) 60.1 64.0 12 144 38 5 29 10 (4) 16.8 (4) 48 115 27 1,330 1,027 143 1,326 1,049 77.2 841 186 18.1 303 376 233 62.0 168 65 27.9 602 526 87.4 458 383 68 118 12.9 23.6 76 187 145 99 46 31.7 582 441 75.8 334 107 24.3 141 125 69 77.5 46.6 55.2 55 14 (4) 146 1,177 153 60 922 106 41.1 78.3 49 69 (4) 16.3 34.3 255 48 64 296 80 19 189 44 (4) 63.9 55.0 14 142 26 5 47 18 (<) 24.9 (4) 45 107 68.6 11 150 36 86 772 728 601 68.8 227 189 88 69 19 21.6 42 101 56 36 78.7 870 181 17.2 285 353 235 666 178 57 24.3 118 581 755 612 523 528 454 90.0 69.9 74.2 450 420 355 73 108 99 14.0 20.5 21.8 58 227 158 207 146 89 168 67 47 81.2 45.9 52.8 124 54 37 44 13 10 26.2 (4) (4) 39 79 42 143 1,190 146 74 .944 107 51.7 79.3 73.3 65 801 69 9 143 38 (4) 15.1 35.5 69 246 39 57 297 56 20 203 32 (4) 68.4 (4) 17 156 22 3 47 10 (4) 23.2 (4) 37 94 24 1,366 1,051 3 Percent not shown where base is less than 100,000. 4Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000. 81 T A B L E 33. M edian Y ears of School Completed by the Employed Civilian Lab or Force 18 Y ears O ld and O ver, by Sex, O c cupation G roup, and Color, Selected Years, 1948-71 Total Sex and occupation group Oct. 1948 1 Oct. 1952 Mar. 1957 Mar. 1959 10.6 10.9 11.7 12.0 12.8 16+ 12.2 8.0 8.2 7.6 12.4 (2) (2) 9.0 9.7 9.1 8.0 8.7 (2) (2) 12.9 16+ 12.2 8.3 8.5 7.5 12.4 12.5 12.3 9.2 10.1 9.1 8.3 8.8 8.1 9.2 13.2 16+ 12.4 8.5 8.6 8.2 12.4 12.5 12.4 9.7 10.5 9.5 8.5 9.0 8.3 9.6 13.5 16.2 12.4 8.6 8.7 8.3 12.5 12.5 12.4 10.0 11.0 9.9 8.6 9.7 8.4 10.3 10.2 10.4 11.2 11.7 • 12.6 16+ 12.2 8.2 8.3 7.8 12.4 (2) (2) 9.0 9.7 9.1 8.0 9.0 (2) (2) 12.8 16+ 12.2 8.4 8.5 7.2 12.4 12.4 12.5 9.1 10.1 9.0 8.3 (2) (4) 8.8 12.9 16+ 12.4 8.4 8.6 7.4 12.5 12.4 12.5 9.7 10.5 9.6 8.5 (2) (4) 9.0 13.2 16.4 12.4 8.6 8.7 7.7 12.5 12.5 12.6 10.1 11.0 10.0 8.5 10.1 (3) 10.1 . 11.7 12.0 12.1 . . . . 13.7 15.9 12.1 7.4 7.8 7.3 12.4 (2) (2) 9.1 10.4 9.0 (4) 8.5 (2) (2) 14.0 16+ 12.2 8.0 8.5 7.9 12.4 12.5 12.1 9.4 11.5 9.3 8.5 8.8 8.1 9.7 14.4 16+ 12.3 (2) (0 8.7 12.4 12.5 12.0 (2) 11.3 9.3 (4) 9.0 8.3 10.2 Mar. 1962 Mar. 1964 Mar. 1965 12.1 12.2 13.9 16.2 12.5 8.7 8.8 8.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 10.4 11.2 10.1 8.9 10.2 8.7 10.8 14.0 16.2 12.5 8.7 8.8 8.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 10.7 11.5 10.5 9.3 10.5 8.8 11.0 12.1 13.5 16.4 12.5 8.7 8.8 8.3 12.6 12.5 12.7 10.4 11.2 10.2 8.9 10.3 (3) 10.4 12.2 12.3 14.0 15.9 12.2 8.7 8.5 8.8 12.4 12.5 12.2 9.8 11.2 9.7 (3) 9.5 8.4 10.5 14.7 16.1 12.4 8.9 9.0 8.9 12.5 12.5 12.1 10.0 9.2 9.9 10.0 10.2 8.7 11.1 Mar. 1966 Mar. 1967 Mar. 1968 Mar. 1969 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 14.2 16.3 12.6 8.7 8.8 8.4 12.5 12.5 12.5 10.8 11.7 10.6 9.5 10.8 8.9 11.3 14.6 16.3 12.6 8.8 8.9 8.6 12.5 12.5 12.5 11.0 11.9 10.7 9.5 10.9 8.9 11.4 14.7 16.3 12.7 8.9 9.1 8.6 12.5 12.5 12.5 11.1 12.0 10.8 9.5 11.0 8.9 11.5 14.8 16.3 12.7 9.1 (2) (2) 12.6 12.6 12.6 11.2 12.0 11.0 9.8 11.1 (2) (2) 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.3 13.6 16.2 12.6 8.7 8.8 8.2 12.6 12.5 12.7 10.8 11.5 10.7 9.3 10.6 (3) 10.6 13.9 16.4 12.6 8.7 8.8 8.0 12.6 12.5 12.7 11.0 11.7 10.8 9.5 11.2 <*> 11.2 14.3 16.4 12.7 8.7 8.9 7.9 12.6 12.5 12.7 11.1 11.8 10.9 9.4 11.3 (3) 11.3 14.4 16.3 12.7 8.8 9.1 8.2 12.6 12.5 12.8 11.2 12.0 11.0 9.5 11.4 (3) 11.5 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 15.0 16.1 12.4 9. C 9.1 9.0 12.5 12.5 12.2 10.1 11.2 10.0 (3) 10.4 8.8 11.2 15.0 16.2 12.4 9.0 9.0 9.0 12.5 12.5 12.2 10.2 11.8 10.1 9.6 10.6 8.9 11.4 15.3 16.2 12.5 10.2 9.6 10.4 12.5 12.5 12.2 10.5 12.1 10.4 (3) 10.7 8.9 11.5 15.3 16.2 12.4 10.7 (3) 10.7 12.5 12.5 12.3 10.6 11.5 10.5 (3) 10.8 8.9 11.5 Mar. 1970 Mar. 1971 12.4 12.4 12.4 14.9 16.3 12.7 9.3 (2) (2) 12.6 12.6 12.6 11.4 12.1 11.1 10.0 11.3 (2) (2) 14.9 16.3 12.7 9.3 (2) (2) 12.6 12.6 12.6 11.6 12.1 11.3 10.5 11.7 (2) (2) 15.1 16.3 12.8 10.0 (2) (2) 12.6 12.6 12.7 11.9 12.2 11.4 11.1 11.9 (2) (2) 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 14.5 16.4 12.8 8.9 9.7 8.3 12.6 12.6 12.8 11.3 12.0 11.1 9.8 11.6 (2) (2) 14.6 16.4 12.8 9.0 9.8 8.4 12.7 12.6 12.8 11.6 12.1 11.3 10.0 11.7 (2) (2) 14.6 16.4 12.8 9.1 9.3 8.9 12.7 12.6 12.8 11.8 12.1 11.5 10.5 12.0 (2) (2) 14.9 16.4 12.9 9.8 10.6 8.8 12.7 12.6 12.9 12.0 12.2 11.7 11.0 12.0 (2) (2) 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 15.5 16.2 12.5 10.8 (2) (2) 12.5 12.6 12.3 10.7 12.1 10.6 10.7 10.9 8.8 11.6 15.5 16.2 12.5 11.3 (2) (2) 12.5 12.6 12.3 10.9 12.2 10.7 10.9 11.2 8.9 11.9 15.5 16.2 12.6 10.3 (2) (2) 12.5 12.6 12.4 11.1 12.1 11.0 11.2 11.5 9.1 12.0 15.5 16.2 12.6 11.1 (2) (2) 12.6 12.6 12.4 11.1 12.2 10.9 11.8 11.8 9.5 12.1 B oth Sexes A ll occupation groups.. Professional and managerial workers.................................. Professional, technical, and kindred workers_______ Managers, officials, and proprietors, exc. farm........... Farmers and farm managers, laborers, and foremen........ Farmers and farm managers.................................. ........ Farm laborers and foremen........................................... Clerical and sales workers............................... .................... Clerical and kindred w orkers..................................... Sales workers............................. ..................................... Craftsmen, operatives, and laborer, exc. farm and m in e.. Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred w orkers............... Operatives and kindred workers.................................. Laborers, exc. farm and mine......................... ............. Service workers, including private household................... Private household workers............................................ Other service workers.................................................... Male A ll occupational groups.................................................... Professional and managerial workers........................ Professional, technical, and kindred workers___ Managers, officials, and proprietors, exc. farm— Fanners and farm managers, laborers, and foremen. Farmers and farm managers.................................. Farm laborers and forem en.................................... Clerical and sales workers.............................................. Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers— ....................................................... Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers.. Operatives and kindred workers.................. Laborers, exc. farm and m ine— ............. ...... Service workers, including private household... Private household workers.......... ............. Other service workers. ................. ............. • ■ F emale A ll occupation groups.. Professional and managerial workers. _...................... . Professional, technical, and kindred workers........ Managers, officials, and proprietors, exc. farm-----Farmers and farm managers, laborers, and forem en.. Farmers and farm managers____________________ Farm laborers and foremen.................................. _ Clerical and sales workers.......................................... . Clerical and kindred workers---------- -----------------Sales workers............................................................. . Craftsmen, operatives, and laborers, exc. farm and m ine___ _ Craftsmen, foremen and kindred workers............ Operatives and kindred workers........................ Laborers, exc. farm and mine....................... .......... . Service workers, including private household............. Private household workers.................................. Other service workers............................................... See fo o t n o t e s a t en d o f tab le. Digitized 82 for FRASER T A B L E 33. M edian Years of School Completed by the Employed Civilian Labor Force 18 Years O ld and O ver, by Sex Occupation Group, and Color, Selected Years, 1 9 4 8 -7 1 — Continued White Sex and occupation group Mar. 1959 Mar. 1962 Mar. 1964 Mar. 1965 Mar. 1966 Mar. 1967 Mar. 1968 Mar. 1969 Mar. 1970 Mar. 1971 B oth Sexes 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 13.4 16.2 12.4 8.7 8.8 8.6 12.5 12.5 12.4 10.3 11.0 10.1 9.0 10.1 8.7 10.5 13.9 16.2 12.5 8.8 8.9 8.8 12.5 12.5 12.5 10.6 11.3 10.2 9.4 10.7 8.9 11.0 14.0 16.1 12.5 8.9 8.9 8.7 12.5 12.5 12.5 10.8 11.6 10.6 9.9 11.0 9.1 11.3 14.1 16.3 12.6 8.9 8.9 8.7 12.5 12.5 12.5 11.0 11.8 10.7 9.9 11.3 8.9 11.6 14.5 16.3 12.7 9.0 8.9 9.1 12.5 12.5 12.5 11.1 11.9 10.8 10.0 11.4 9.3 11.7 14.6 16.2 12.7 9.0 9.3 8.9 12.5 12.5 12.5 11.2 12.0 10.9 10.0 11.5 9.8 11.7 14.7 16.5 12.7 9.7 (2) 14.8 16.2 12.7 9.8 (2) 15.0 16.5 12.8 10.6 (2) (2) (2) 12.6 12.6 12.6 11.6 (2) (2) (2) 12.0 (2) (2) 14.9 16+ 12.8 9.6 (2) (2) 12.6 12.6 12.6 11.8 (2) (2) (2) 12.0 (2) (2) A ll occupation groups-------------- ------- ------- --------------------------- --------- 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 Professional and managerial w orkers.................- _____________ _________ Professional, technical, and kindred workers----------------------------------Managers, officials, and proprietors, exc. farm --------- ------- ---------------Farmers and farm managers, laborers, and foremen___________ ____ ____ ' Fanners and farm managers---------------------------- -----------------------------Farm laborers and foremen----------------- ------------------------------------------ Clerical and sale workers____ __________________________________ ______ Clerical and kindred workers-------------------- -------------------------------------Sales workers__________________________________ __________________ Craftsmen, operatives, and laborers, exc. farm and m ine_______________ Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers-------------------- -----------------Operatives and kindred workers__________________________________ Laborers, exc. farm and m in e_____________________________________ Service workers, including private household________________ _________ Private household workers____________________________ _______ ____ Other service workers_____ ____________________________ __________ 13.2 16.4 12.4 8.7 8.8 8.3 12.5 12.5 12.6 10.4 11.0 10.2 9.0 10.2 13.5 16.4 12.5 8.8 8.8 8.7 12.6 12.5 12.7 10.7 11.3 10.4 9.4 10.7 13.6 16.4 12.6 8.8 8.9 8.5 12.6 12.5 12.7 11.0 11.6 10.8 9.8 11.2 13.9 16.4 12.6 8.8 8.9 8.4 12.6 12.5 12.7 11.2 11.8 11.0 9.9 11.5 14.3 16.4 12.7 8.9 8.9 8.6 12.6 12.5 12.7 11.3 11.9 11.1 10.0 11.6 14.4 16.3 12.8 8.9 9.3 8.6 12.6 12.5 12.8 11.4 12.0 11.1 9.9 11.8 14.5 16.5 12.8 9.4 10.0 8.6 12.6 12.6 12.8 11.6 12.0 11.3 10.1 12.0 14.6 16.5 12.8 9.4 10.0 8.7 12.7 12.6 12.8 11.8 12.1 11.4 10.5 12.0 14.6 16.5 12.8 9.4 9.5 9.3 12.7 12.6 12.8 12.0 12.1 11.6 11.0 12.1 14.9 16.6 12.9 10.4 10.9 9.4 12.7 12.6 12.9 12.1 12.2 11.9 11.6 12.1 <*> (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 11.9 (2) C2) (2) (2) (2) (2) All occupation groups____________________________________ _______ 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.5 Professional and managerial workers............................................................. Professional, technical, and kindred workers______________________ Managers, officials, and proprietors, exc. farm --------------------------------Farmers and farm managers, laborers, and foremen____ _____ _________ Farmers and farm managers______________ ________________________ Farm laborers and foremen-------------------------- ------------------------ ------- -Clerical and sales workers_________ ______________________ ____________ Clerical and kindred workers____ _______________________ _________ Sales workers.------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------Craftsmen, operatives, and laborers, exc. farm and mine--------- ------------Craftsmen, foremen and kindred workers---------------------------------------Operatives and kindred workers__________________________________ Laborers, exc. farm and m ine------------------------ --------------------------------Service workers, including private household__________________________ Private household workers____ ___________________________________ Other service workers...................................................... .......................... 14.0 15.8 12.3 8.9 8.5 9.0 12.4 12.5 12.2 9.8 11.1 9.8 (*) 10.0 8.7 10.6 14.6 16.0 12.4 9.3 9.5 9.2 12.5 12.5 12.1 9.9 11.1 9.8 (3) 10.7 8.9 11.3 15.0 16.2 12.4 9.4 9.8 9.3 12.5 12.5 12.2 10.0 11.2 9.9 14.8 16.1 12.4 9.5 9.5 9.4 12.5 12.5 12.2 10.2 11.7 10.1 (3) 11.1 8.9 11.6 15.1 16.2 12.4 10.8 9.9 10.9 12.5 12.5 12.2 10.5 12.0 10.3 (3) 11.2 9.4 11.7 16.1 16.1 12.4 11.2 (3) 11.4 12.5 12.5 12.3 10.5 11.4 10.4 (3) 11.3 9.9 11.6 15.4 16.4 12.5 11.2 15.4 16.4 12.5 11.4 15.4 16.4 12.6 10.4 15.5 16.4 12.6 11.4 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) All occupation groups________________ __________________________ Professional and managerial workers---------------- -------- --------------------------Professional, technical, and kindred workers______________________ Managers, officials, and proprietors, exc. farm --------------------------------Farmers and farm managers, laborers, and foremen____________________ Farmers and farm managers------------ ---------------- -----------------------------Farm laborers and foremen________________________________________ Clerical and sales workers_______ ______________________________ _______ Clerical and kindred workers.................... .......................................... . Sales workers.______ ______________________________________________ Craftsmen, operatives, and laborers, exc. farm and m ine____ __________ Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers___________________ ____ _ Operatives and kindred workers-------------------------------------------- ------- Laborers, exc. farm and m in e .---------------- ------------- ------- -----------------Service workers, including private household____ ____________________ _ Private household workers---------- ------------ ----------- -------------------------Other service workers........................................................... ....................... 12.6 12.6 12.6 11.4 (2) (2) (2) 12.8 (2) (2) (2) 12.6 12.6 12.7 12.0 (2) (2) (2) 12.1 (2) (2) Male 10.3 10.7 11.3 11.6 11.6 (2) (2) F emale (3) 10.9 9.1 11.3 12.5 12.6 12.3 10.7 (2) (2) (2) 11.4 9.5 11.8 (2) (2) (2) 12.5 12.6 12.4 11.0 (2) (2) 12.6 12.6 12.4 11.0 (2) (2) 11.9 9.8 12.0 12.0 9.9 12.1 12.1 10.4 12.1 12.5 12.6 12.3 10.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) See fo o tn o te s a t en d o f tab le. 83 T A B L E 33. M edian Y e a n o f School Completed by the Employed Civilian Labor Force 18 Y e a n O ld and O v e r, by Sex, O ccupation Group, ana Color, Selected Y e a n , 1 9 4 8 -7 1 — Continued Negro and other races Sex and occupation group Mar. 1959 Mar. 1962 Mar. 1964 Mar. 1965 Mar. 1966 Mar. 1967 Mar. 1968 Mar. 1969 Mar. 1970 Mar. 1971 B oth Sexes A ll occupation groups............................ ........... .................................... 8.6 9.6 10.1 10.5 10.5 10.8 11.1 11.3 11.7 12.0 Professional and managerial w orkers.. ........................................ .................. Professional, technical, and kindred workers.......................................... Managers, officials, and proprietors, exc. farm............................... ......... Farmers and farm managers, laborers, and foremen.................................... Farmers and farm managers....................................................................... Farm laborers and foremen...................................... .................... ............ Clerical and sales workers.................................................................................. Clerical and kindred workers............................................ ....................... Sales workers............................................... r....................... ........................ Craftsmen, operatives, and laborers, exc. farm and m in e ................. ......... Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers-------------------------------------Operatives and kindred workers.................................................... ......... Laborers, exc. farm and mine------------------ -------- -----------------------------Service workers, including private household-------------------------------------- Private household workers............................ ........................ - .............. - Other service workers.............................................. ...................... ............ 15.1 16.2 8.4 5.5 5.2 5.7 12.5 12.5 (3) 8.2 9.3 8.7 6.8 8.8 7.8 9.8 14.7 16.2 11.0 5.9 5.6 6.0 12.4 12.5 12.0 8.8 9.0 9.3 8.1 9.2 8.3 10.2 15.4 16.2 10.7 6.1 5.9 6.2 12.5 12.6 12.2 9.6 10.6 10.1 8.4 9.3 8.6 10.0 16.1 16.5 11.8 5.5 5.9 5.3 12.6 12.6 12.3 9.7 10.4 10.2 8.6 9.8 8.9 10.4 16.1 16.5 12.4 5.9 (3) 5.8 12.5 12.6 12.2 9.6 10.5 10.1 8.6 9.7 8.6 10.6 16.0 16.3 12.2 6.2 6.7 6.0 12.5 12.5 12.3 9.9 10.2 10.4 8.6 9.8 8.5 10.7 16.1 (1 2) (2) 6.6 (2) (2) 12.6 (2) (2) 10.2 (2) (2) (2) 9.8 (2) (2) 15.7 (2) (2) 6.7 (2) (2) 12.6 (2) (2) 10.4 (2) (2) (2) 9.8 (2) (2) 15.8 (2) (2) 6.1 (2) (2) 12.6 (2) (2) 10.5 (2) (2) (2) 10.3 (2) (2) 15.9 (2) (2) 6.4 (2) (2) 12.6 (2) (2) 10.8 (2) (2) (2) 10.5 (2) (2) A ll occupational groups..................... ............. ..................... .................. 8.2 9.0 9.7 10.1 10.0 10.3 10.7 10.8 11.1 11.4 Professional and managerial workers------------- ----------- --------------------------Professional, technical, and kindred workers................... .................... Managers, officials, and proprietors, exc. farm.................. .................... Farmers and farm managers, laborers, and foremen..................................... Farmers and farm managers......................................... ........................... Farm laborers and foremen...................................... ............ .................. Clerical and sales workers.................... ..................... ................................ . Clerical and kindred workers........... ..................... .................................... Sales workers.............. .................................................. .......................... .. Craftsmen, operatives, and laborers, exc. farm and m ine....... ............... . Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers............................................. Operatives and kindred workers--------------------- ------------------------------Laborers, exc. farm and mine-------------------------------------- ------------------Service workers, including private household............................................... Private household workers-------- ------------------------------------------- -------Other service workers______ _________________________________ _____ 14.8 16.2 (3) 5.3 5.0 5.5 12.4 12.4 (3) 7.9 9.2 8.4 6.7 9.6 (3) 9.6 12.8 16.2 10.7 5.6 5.2 5.7 12.4 12.4 (3) 8.6 8.9 8.9 8.1 9.4 (3) 9.6 15.4 16.5 11.0 5.9 5.3 6.2 12.3 12.4 (3) 9.4 10.5 10.0 8.3 8.9 (3) 8.9 16.0 16.6 11.5 5.2 5.8 (3) 12.5 12.6 (3) 9.6 10.3 10.0 8.6 10.0 (3) 10.0 15.7 16.6 12.1 5.6 (3) 5.5 12.5 12.4 (3) 9.4 10.2 9.9 8.5 10.2 14.6 16.2 12.1 6.1 6.6 5.8 12.4 12.4 (3) 9.5 10.1 10.0 8.6 10.3 (3) 10.3 15.4 16.5 12.3 6.1 (2) (2) 12.5 (2) (2) 10.0 10.5 10.4 8.9 10.3 15.0 16.6 12.4 6.3 (fi) 6.4 12.5 (2) (2) 10.2 11.0 10.6 8.8 10.2 14.6 16.6 12.4 6.6 (*) (2) 12.6 (2) (2) 10.2 10.5 10.6 9.2 10.5 16.4 16.6 12.5 6.0 (2) (2) 12.6 (2) (*) 10.6 11.3 11.0 9.5 10.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) A ll occupation groups_______ ______________ _____________ _______ 9.4 10.5 10.8 11.2 11.2 11.6 11.8 11.9 12.1 12.2 Professional and managerial workers....................................... ............ .......... Professional, technical, and kindred workers....... .............. ................... Managers, officials, and proprietors, exc. farm............................. .......... Farmers and farm managers, laborers, and foremen------ -----------------------Farmers and farm managers............................. ................... .......... ........... Farm laborers and foremen------------ ----------------- -------- --------------------Clerical and sales workers_____ _______________________________________ Clerical and kindred workers_______________________ _______________ Sales workers........................... ................................................. .......... ......... Craftsmen, operatives, and laborers, exc. farm and m ine...................... . Craftsmen, foremen and kindred workers____ ______ ______________ Operatives and kindred workers_________________________ ____ ____ Laborers, exc. farm and m ine......................... ................... ....................... Service workers, including private household.................. ...................... . Private household w orkers....................................................................... Other service workers_________________ ____ ________________ ______ 15.6 16.2 (3) 16.2 16.3 (3) 15.5 16.1 (3) 16.3 16.4 (3) 16.3 16.4 (3) 16.3 (*) (2) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 16.5 (2) (2) 16.2 (2) (2) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 16.3 16.4 (3) (J) (2) (2) (•) (2) (2) (8) (2) (2) 16.1 (2) (*) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (*) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) M ale (3) 10.2 (2) F emale 12.5 12.6 9.5 9.4 (3) 8.6 7.8 10.0 12.5 12.5 10.0 10.0 (3) 9.2 8.3 10.7 12.6 12.7 10.7 10.5 (3) 9.5 8.6 10.8 12.6 12.6 10.6 10.6 (3) 9.7 8.9 10.7 12.5 12.6 10.9 10.7 (3) 9.5 8.6 10.8 12.6 12.6 11.1 11.1 (3) 9.6 8.5 11.0 12.6 11.2 9.6 8.4 11.0 12.6 11.2 9.7 8.4 10.9 1 Data for 1948 do not include persons 65 years old and over. 2 N ot available. 4 Median not shown where base is less than 150,000. 3 Median not shown where base is less than 75,000. 3 Median not shown where base is less than 100,000. N o t e : Data b y color not available prior to 1959. 84 12.6 11.6 10.2 8.7 11.2 (•) (2) (a> 12.6 11.7 10.4 8.8 11.4 T A B L E 34. Persons With Work Experience During the Y e ar, by Extent of Employment and by Sex, 1 9 5 0-70 [Persons 14 years of age and over for 1950-66; 16 years and over for 1966-70] Number who worked during year (thousands)1 Full time 2 Percent distribution Part time Full time 2 Sex and year Total Total 50 to 52 weeks 27 to 49 weeks 1 to 26 weeks Total 27 to 1 to 50 to 49 52 26 weeks weeks weeks Part time Total T otal 50 to 27 to 1 to 52 49 26 weeks weeks weeks T otal 50 to 27 to 1 to 52 49 26 weeks weeks weeks B oth Sexes 1950.................. 1951.................. 1952 3_________ 195 3 *.............. 1954........... . 1955__________ 1956__________ 1957__________ 1958__________ 19594................. 1960................. 1961— . ........... 1962................... 1963................... 1964................... 1965__________ 1966......... ......... 1966*________ 1967......... 1968________ _ 1969......... 1970______ _ 68,876 58,181 38,375 69,962 59,544 40,142 70,512 60,294 40,486 70,682 60,532 41, 601 71,797 60,059 40,080 75,353 62,581 42, 624 75.852 62, 437 42, 778 77,664 62,874 42,818 77,117 61, 676 41,329 78,162 63,004 42,030 80, 618 64,153 43,265 80,287 64,218 43,006 82,057 65,327 44,079 83,227 66,167 45,449 85,124 67,825 46,846 86,186 68, 697 48,392 88,553 70,449 50,081 86,266 70,140 50,049 88,179 71,909 51, 705 90,230 73,266 52,285 92,477 74,153 52,796 93,623 73,343 52,033 11,795 12,018 12,374 12,003 12,025 11,952 11,791 11,981 11,546 12,515 12,132 12,042 12,102 11,565 11,691 11,171 10,654 10,647 10, 702 11,115 11,381 12,123 8,013 10,695 7,384 10,418 7,434 10,218 6,928 10,150 7,954 11,738 8,005 12,772 7,868 13,415 8,075 14,790 8,799 15,441 8,459 15,158 8, 756 16,465 9,170 16,069 9,146 16, 730 9,153 17,060 9,288 17,299 9,134 17,489 9,714 18,104 9,444 16,126 9, 502 16, 270 9,866 16,964 9,976 18, 324 10,187 19,280 3,322 3,144 3,092 3,270 3,701 4,773 4,760 4,989 5,402 5,173 5,307 5,191 5,130 5,229 5,268 5, 418 5,854 5,407 5, 641 5,769 6, 282 6,309 2,214 2,240 2, 294 2,333 2, 663 2, 573 2,693 2,872 3,025 3,104 3,290 3, 068 3,368 3,353 3, 374 3, 268 3,587 3,380 3,430 3,720 4,112 4,353 5,162 5,034 4,832 4,547 5,374 5, 426 5,962 6,929 7,014 6,881 7,868 7,810 8,232 8, 478 8, 657 8,803 8,663 7,339 7,199 7,475 7,930 8,618 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 84.5 85.1 85.5 85.6 83.7 83.1 82.3 81.0 80.0 80.6 79.6 80.0 79.6 79.5 79.6 79.7 79.6 81.3 81.5 81.2 80.2 79.4 55.7 57.4 57.4 58.9 55.8 56.6 56.4 55.1 53.6 53.8 53.7 53.6 53.7 54.6 55.0 56.1 56.6 58.0 58.6 57.9 57.1 55.6 17.1 17.2 17.5 17.0 16.7 15.9 15.5 15.4 15.0 16.0 15.0 15.0 14.7 13.9 13.7 13.0 12.0 12.3 12.1 12.3 12.3 12.9 11.6 10.6 10.5 9.8 11.1 10.6 10.4 10.4 11.4 10.8 10.9 11.4 11.1 11.0 10.9 10.6 11.0 10.9 10.8 10.9 10.8 10.9 15.5 14.9 14.5 14.4 16.3 16.9 17.7 19.0 20.0 19.4 20.4 20.0 20.4 20.5 20.3 20.3 20.4 18.7 18.5 18.8 19.8 20.6 4.8 4.5 4.4 4.6 5.2 6.3 6.3 6.4 7.0 6.6 6.6 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.6 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.8 6.7 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.1 3.8 4.1 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.0 3.9 3.9 4.1 4.4 4.6 7.5 7.2 6.9 6.4 7.5 7.2 7.9 8.9 9.1 8.8 9.8 9.7 10.0 10.2 10.2 10.2 9.8 8.5 8.2 8.3 8.6 9.2 Male 1950................... 1951.................... 1952 « . . . .......... 1953 3......... . 1954............. . 1955— . ............ 1956............. . 1957................... 1958................... 19594........... . 1960................... 1961................... 1962................... 1963.................. 1964............... .. 1965............. . 1966................... 1966 4- _ _ .......... 1967__________ 1968................... 1969__________ 1970__________ 45,526 45,364 45, 704 46,146 46,318 47, 624 47,904 48,709 48,380 48,973 50,033 49,854 50,639 51,039 51,978 52,419 53,108 51,708 52, 392 53,312 54,390 54,919 41,042 41,338 41,816 42,059 41,404 42,814 42, 704 42,886 42,052 42,997 43, 476 43,467 43,987 44.294 45,313 45, 552 46,127 45,909 46,658 47,313 47, 750 48,082 29,783 30,894 30,878 31,902 30,389 32,127 32,342 32,089 30, 727 31,502 31,966 31,769 32,513 33,587 34,428 35,300 36,222 36,191 36,621 37,014 37,160 36,295 7,624 7,518 7,922 7,317 7,567 7,356 7,218 7,350 7,233 7,830 7,653 7,434 7,185 6,686 6, 723 6,306 5,808 5,802 6,051 6,111 6,383 7,157 3,636 2,926 3,016 2,840 3,448 3,331 3,144 3,447 4,091 3,665 3,857 4,264 4,289 4,021 4,162 3,946 4,098 3,916 3,986 4,188 4, 207 4,630 4,484 4,026 3,888 4, 087 4,914 4,810 5,200 5,823 6,328 5,976 6,557 6,387 6,652 6,745 6,665 6,867 6,981 5,799 5, 734 5,999 6, 640 6,837 1,406 1,310 1,178 1,341 1,552 1,930 1,920 2,135 2,348 2, 211 2, 247 2, 240 2,114 2,098 2,164 2,326 2,418 2,091 2, 096 2,237 2,366 2,436 1,004 918 896 1, 055 1,227 1,066 1,074 1,115 1,259 1,224 1, 267 1,163 1,305 1, 274 1, 220 1,197 1,261 1,162 1,202 1,227 1,449 1,449 2,074 1,798 1,814 1,691 2,135 1,814 2,206 2, 573 2,721 2, 541 3,043 2,984 3,233 3,373 3,281 3,344 3,302 2,546 2,436 2, 535 2,825 2,952 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 90.2 91.1 91.5 91.1 89.4 89.9 89.1 88.0 86.9 87.8 86.9 87.2 86.9 86.8 87.1 86.9 86.9 88.8 89.1 88.7 87.8 87.6 65.4 68.1 67.6 69.1 65.6 67.5 67.5 65.9 63.5 64.3 63.9 63.7 64.2 65.8 66.2 67.3 68.2 70.0 69.9 69.4 68.3 66.1 16.7 16.6 17.3 15.9 16.3 15.5 15.1 15.1 15.0 16.0' 15.3 14.9 14.2 13.1 12.9 12.0 10.9 11.2 11.5 11.5 11.7 13.1 8.0 6.4 6.6 6.2 7.4 7.0 6.6 7.1 8.5 7.5 7.7 8.6 8.5 7.9 8.0 7.5 7.7 7.6 7.6 7.9 7.7 8.4 9.8 8.9 8.5 8.9 10.6 10.1 10.9 12.0 13.1 12.2 13.1 12.8 13.1 13.2 12.8 13.1 13.1 11.2 10.9 11.3 12.2 12.4 3.1 2.9 2.6 2.9 3.4 4.1 4.0 4.4 4.9 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.0 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.4 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.7 2.6 4.6 4.0 4.0 3.7 4.6 3.8 4.6 5.3 5.6 5.2 6.1 6.0 6.4 6.6 6.3 6.4 6.2 4.9 4.6 4.8 5.2 5.3 23,350 24,598 24,808 24,536 25, 479 27, 729 27,948 28,955 28, 736 29,189 30,585 30,433 31, 418 32,188 33,146 33, 767 35,444 34,558 35,787 36,918 38,087 38,704 17,139 18,206 18,478 18, 473 18,655 19, 767 19, 733 19,988 19, 623 20,007 20, 677 20, 751 21,340 21,873 22,512 23,145 24,321 24,231 25, 251 25,953 26,403 26,261 8,592 9,248 9,608 9,699 9,691 10,497 10,436 10,729 10,602 10,528 11,299 11, 237 11,566 11,862 12, 418 13,092 13,859 13,858 15,084 15,271 15,636 15,738 4,171 4,500 4, 452 4, 686 4,458 4,596 4, 573 4, 631 4,313 4, 685 4, 479 4,608 4,917 4,879 4,968 4,865 4,846 4,845 4, 651 5,004 4,998 4,966 4,377 4,458 4, 418 4,088 4,506 4, 674 4, 724 4,628 4,708 4,794 4,899 4,906 4,857 5,132 5,126 5,188 5,616 5,528 5, 516 5,678 5,769 5,557 6,211 6,392 6,330 6,063 6,824 7,962 8,215 8,967 9,113 9,182 9,908 9,682 10, 078 10,315 10,634 10, 622 11,123 10,327 10,536 10,965 11,684 12,443 1,916 1,834 1,914 1,929 2,149 2,843 2,840 2,854 3,054 2,962 3,060 2,951 3, 016 3,131 3,104 3,092 3,436 3,316 3, 545 3,532 3,916 3,873 1,210 1,322 1,398 1,278 1,436 1,507 1,619 1,757 1,766 1,880 2,023 1,905 2,063 2,079 2,154 2,071 2,326 2,218 2,228 2,493 2,663 2,904 3,088 3,236 3, 018 2,856 3,239 3, 612 3,756 4,356 4,293 4,340 4,825 4,826 4,999 5,105 5,376 5,459 5,361 4,793 4, 763 4,940 5,105 5,666 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 73.4 74.0 74.5 75.3 73.2 71.3 70.6 69.0 68.3 68.5 67.6 68.2 67.9 68.0 68.0 68.5 68.6 70.1 70.6 70.3 69.3 67.8 36.8 37.6 38.7 39.5 38.0 37.9 37.3 37.0 36.9 36.1 36.9 36.9 36.8 36.9 37.5 38.8 39.1 40.1 42.1 41.4 41.1 40.7 17.9 18.3 17.9 19.1 17.5 16.5 16.4 16.0 15.0 16.1 14.6 15.1 15.6 15.2 15.0 14.4 13.7 14.0 13.0 13.6 13.1 12.8 18.7 18.1 17.8 16.7 17.7 16.9 16.9 16.0 16.4 16.4 16.0 16.1 15.5 15.9 15.5 15.4 15.8 16.0 15.4 15.4 15.1 14.3 26.6 26.0 25.5 24.7 26.8 28.7 29.4 31.0 31.7 31.5 32.4 31.8 32.1 32.0 32.1 31.5 31.4 29.9 29.4 29.7 30.7 32.1 8.2 7.5 7.7 7.9 8.4 10.3 10.2 9.9 10.6 10.1 10.0 9.7 9.6 9.7 9.4 9.2 9.7 9.6 9.9 9.6 10.3 10.0 5.1 5.4 5.6 5.2 5.6 5.4 5.8 6.1 6.1 6.4 6.6 6.3 6.6 6.5 6.5 6.1 6.6 6.4 6.2 6.8 7.0 7.5 13.2 13.2 12.2 11.6 12.7 13.0 13.4 15.0 14.9 14.9 15.8 15.9 15.9 15.9 16.2 16.2 15.1 13.9 13.3 13.4 13.4 14.6 F emale 1950................... 1951... 1952 *............ 1953 « . . . .......... 1954__________ 1955__________ 1956......... ......... 1957____ ______ 1958__________ 1959 4___.......... 1960................... 1961__________ 1964____ ______ 1963____ _____ 1962......... ......... 1965............... . 1966____ _____ 1966 4________ 1967................. 1968__________ 1969.................. . 1970__________ . 1 Tim e worked includes paid vacation and paid sick leave. 2 Usually worked 35 hours a week or more. 3 N ot strictly comparable with earlier years because of the introduction of data from the 1950 Census into the estimation procedure. The number with work experience was raised about 120,000 between 1951 and 1952 and an additional 230,000 between 1952 and 1953. 4 Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959 and are therefore not strictly comparable with earlier years. For 1959 this inclusion resulted in an increase of about 300,000 in the total who worked during the year, with about 150,000 in the group working 50 to 52 weeks at full-time jobs. 4 Beginning with 1966 data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over, in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. 466-1517 0 - 7 2 -------7 85 T A B L E 35. Persons With Work Experience During the Y e a r, by Industry Group and Class of W orker of Longest Job, 1 9 5 5 -7 0 [Thousands of persons 14 years and over for 1955-66; 16 years and over for 1966-70] Industry group and class of worker 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 19661 1966 2 1967 1968 1969 A ll industry groups........................ - ............ ............ ................ 75,353 75,852 77,664 77,117 78,162 80,618 80,287 82,057 83,227 85,124 86,186 88,553 86,266 88,179 90,230 92,477 93,623 9,261 8,560 8,355 8,291 7,924 7,902 7,502 7,179 6,796 7,051 6,348 5,604 5,021 5,184 4,936 4,722 4,768 2,476 3,921 2; 864 66,092 2,428 3,594 2,538 67,292 2,469 3,358 2,528 69,308 2,771 3,141 2,379 68,826 2,752 2,992 2,180 70,238 2,667 3,012 2,223 72,716 2,780 2,836 1,886 72,785 2,794 2,601 1,784 74,878 2,725 2,396 1,675 76,431 2,695 2,496 1,860 78,073 2,622 2,442 1,284 79,838 2,435 2,132 1,037 82,949 2,079 2,098 844 81,245 2,150 2,083 951 82,995 2,034 2,036 866 85,294 1,907 2,051 764 87,755 1,901 2,028 839 88,855 58,839 868 60,191 61,767 830 3,779 18,503 10,495 3,732 19,304 11,099 795 4,022 19,409 11,112 8,008 8,205 8,297 4,896 4,874 4,887 12,351 12,251 12,407 15,387 16,091 16,929 3,222 3,064 3,370 61,077 / 118 650 4,277 17,864 10,034 658 394 505 1,123 1,195 1,575 1,278 2,364 1,033 1,331 942 7,830 1,697 1,088 1,288 1,238 964 1,555 4,657 1,118 1,692 844 1,003 12,638 2,381 10,257 17,530 2,568 1,359 3,507 1,913 792 2,445 717 3,432 797 62,439 105 684 4,099 18,941 10,522 608 427 508 1,294 1,185 1,661 1,509 2,424 1,050 1,374 908 8,419 1,892 1,135 1,414 1,256 964 1,758 4,865 1,042 1,788 919 1,116 12,525 2,394 10,131 17,807 2,797 1,390 3,522 1,794 701 2,686 609 3,443 865 64,549 85 626 4,042 18,815 10,532 536 383 596 1,260 1,189 1,765 1,524 2,303 1,018 1,284 976 8,283 1,909 1,084 1,378 1,307 882 1,743 4,768 975 1,764 944 1,084 13,040 2,482 10,558 19,501 3,171 1,468 3,692 2,058 759 2,878 729 3,781 964 64,534 107 673 4,096 18,255 10,043 550 389 531 1,098 1,409 1,719 1,588 1,759 881 878 1,000 8,212 2,028 911 1,327 1,289 984 1,673 4,518 925 1,590 912 1,091 13,033 2,458 10,575 20,126 3,081 1,471 3,964 2,145 852 2,915 736 4,101 861 67,006 121 639 4,235 19,533 10,934 574 458 576 1,168 1,527 1,840 1,814 1,960 928 1,032 1,017 8,599 2,133 959 1,487 1,332 949 1,739 4,711 932 1,810 860 1,109 13,462 2,337 11,125 20,387 3,052 1,646 3,916 1,895 795 3,092 783 4,325 883 68,444 115 569 4,216 20,076 11,285 613 470 562 1,308 1,635 1,775 1,799 2,077 949 1,128 1,046 8,791 2,117 1,082 1,466 1,387 1,004 1,735 4,916 910 1,920 922 1,164 13,358 2,260 11,098 21,151 3,264 1,647 3,772 2,018 848 3,287 790 4,556 969 70,331 116 587 4,501 20,364 11,475 636 460 632 1,334 1,533 1,973 1,670 2,139 1,005 1,134 1,098 8,889 2,093 1,109 1,558 1,258 1,063 1,808 4,843 896 1,916 913 1,118 14,012 2,388 11,624 21,872 3,331 1,667 3,849 2,173 768 3,393 825 4,808 1,058 72,492 114 573 4,556 21,297 11,928 614 528 720 1,385 1,455 2,014 1,917 2,280 1,085 1,195 1,015 9,369 2,134 1,169 1,625 1,458 1,014 1,969 4,856 812 1,894 1,016 1,134 14,293 2,586 11, 707 22,779 3,476 1,746 3,847 2,146 807 3,608 754 5,318 1,077 76,562 103 602 4,578 22,477 12,807 655 494 710 1,411 1,650 2,225 2,142 2,415 1,136 1,279 1,105 9,670 2,140 1,162 1,640 1,503 1,214 2,011 5,011 852 1,925 1,102 1,132 15,339 2,579 12,760 24,058 3,617 1,811 3,623 2,114 950 3,984 827 6,008 1,124 75,038 100 602 4,538 22,248 12,788 651 492 710 1,409 1,648 2,223 2,142 2,412 1,133 1,279 1,101 9,460 2,122 1,158 1,639 1,318 1,213 2,010 4,993 849 1,914 1,101 1,129 150,27 2,551 12,476 23,142 3,606 1,783 2,949 2,093 875 3,958 814 5,952 1,112 76,629 100 560 4,519 22,532 13,086 639 454 689 1,329 1,751 2,358 2,261 2,482 1,070 1,412 1,123 9,446 2,162 1,165 1,517 1,226 1,223 2,153 5,327 811 2,193 1,136 1,187 15,307 2,672 12,635 23,775 3,605 1,944 2,756 2,226 932 3,985 806 6,349 1,172 3,055 6,289 964 3,109 6,192 909 3,318 6,587 954 3,343 6,672 1,077 3,413 6,748 1,051 3,671 6,971 1,196 3,726 7,170 1,081 3,918 6,782 1,090 4,043 6,790 1,197 4,036 6,614 1,128 4,024 6,640 706 4,394 5,734 653 4,388 5,590 617 4,509 5,333 1,033 78,737 (?) 548 4,675 22,819 13,258 637 472 720 1,403 1,768 2,352 2,197 2,647 1,186 1,461 1,062 9,561 2,134 2,224 1,523 1,236 1,201 2,243 5,312 700 2,240 1,205 1,167 15,310 2,623 21,696 25,076 3,687 2,057 2,755 2,281 915 4,517 915 6,656 1,210 83 4,988 5,533 1,024 81,322 (3) 544 4,949 23,640 13,955 635 534 758 1,483 1,900 2,584 2,311 2,666 1,206 1,460 1,084 9,685 2,130 1,133 1,685 1,246 2,294 2,297 5,402 712 2,297 1,191 1,202 15,813 2,629 13,184 25,952 4,044 2,192 2,572 2,254 885 4,701 909 7,042 1,228 125 5,022 5,454 979 82,347 (3) 573 4,970 22,540 13,109 654 531 745 1,367 1,511 2,379 2,270 2,424 1,110 1,314 1,228 9,431 1,917 1,037 1,671 1,370 1,260 2,176 5,640 757 2,308 1,357 1,218 16,782 3,051 13,731 27,061 4,146 2,227 2,491 2,195 945 4,985 1,123 7,396 1,435 118 4,781 5,565 943 Agriculture_____ _____- ............................................... . T'oKriPQthH ______ r aUiivatvu motal me ten nrnHllP.ts jji uuuv --------------- - - —- -------M achinery_____________________________- ___________ Electrical eejuipment______________________________ ^TroncnArt qflAn ctiui^iuvu1 pnlllTlTTlP,T11",/. —----- ------------------_. . . . . A1allopui tcHlUll A utom obiles_____________________________________ Hthur +roncnnrtotinn PnillfHTlftnt U tllv>l tl dllopui tavlvll t'HUAr,A1AV;l1w - - - - - - - - - - - - -_- -_- -_ Other durable goods_________________________________ Nondurable goods___________________________________ "Paa/1 onki nrl rpri nrnducts . ........... Textile m ill products_____. . . . _________________ . . . . Ap nnorpl onH TplCltpH . * .-------...... A pa l“ I dllU IClalCu nfftdllfitS piuuuvwo----- ----------------- -------- xPrinting i in Ling (Hid ailU nilhlishinff puDUoiuiig- — —------------niiPmlpdlc ailU onr| Qllipd . . .•. . . . . . . -. .— wllvllllLalo ulllvU nroducts pi uuu\; uo. — - -------Otbpr nnndiirfiVilft fifOOds TrononArtofiAn LlallopUl tatlUll onH £*11vl Tlllhlip. puouv 1u1tllltip.S tiutivkj- - —- —- - — - -- . .- . .- -. -_PailrnaHc ailU anH IrailwaV SPTViOft . ...... . ___ ......... IVmuUilUo ail Wc*y PTflfASS CApi oui .................................... Other transportation_________________ - ______________ P/rtrumnniPcitinriR _______________. . . . . . . . . . oth er public utilities -- _____________ Wholesale and retail trade __________________ Wholesale trade______________________________________ Retail trade - _______________ Fin&iics insurance real estate and service__ ___ ______ 1?inonnD .nd rp.m J lllallbCy inciironoP 11X01X1ailbvj Q aiiu ivai vovavv... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business and repair servle.es _____________ Private households - - ___________________- _______ PorcAnol urTV TlA PO CAviuuuig Dvpllldin C TDfivfit.P r cloUllal o ocl Ibcoy pixv ai»v hnllSfthnldS uut*uvuv*uw. . . •. . TTniorfoInmanf ariH rpprpflt.inn RPTv Viv^olPftS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Julltcl tuilllllvlll clllvl i vOicaiiuii ovi Medical and other health serviees _ ____ ________ Welfare and religions servie.es _ _________ Educational services______ - _______- ________- _______ Other professional servie.es ___________ Pllhljp, administration S e lf - e m p lo y e d w o r k e r s Unpaid family workers __ ________________ _____________________________ -- ________________________ \ 1The 1966 estimates are not strictly comparable with those of prior years because of earlier misclassification of some wage and salary workers as self-employed. The change in classification resulted in a shift of about 750,000 from nonfarm self-employment to wage and salary employment, affecting primarily the data for trade and service industries. 2 Beginning with 1966 data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over, in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. 1970 3 Included with Finance, insurance, real estate, and service, beginning January 1968. N ote : Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959 and are therefore not strictly comparable to earlier years. For 1959 this inclusion resulted in an increase of about 300,000 in the total who worked during the year, with about 150,000 in the group working 50 to 52 weeks at full-time jobs. Dashes indicate data not available. T A B L E 36. Percent of Persons With Work Experience During the Y e a r W ho Yforked Yeor-Round at Full-Time Jobs, by Industry Group and Class of Worker of Longest Jo b , 1 9 5 0 -7 0 [Percent of persons 14 years old and over for 1950-66; 16 years and over for 1966-70] Industry group and class of worker All industry groups____________________________ 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 19661 1967 1968 1969 1970 55. 7 57.4 57.4 58.9 55.8 56.6 56.4 55.1 53.6 53.8 53.7 53.6 53.7 54.6 55.0 56.1 56.6 58.0 58.6 57.9 57.1 55.6 Agriculture_______________________________ 47.0 45.7 45.3 45.2 45.4 46.6 43.4 41.5 39.4 39.6 38.9 40.9 37.9 37.6 37.7 40.4 42.8 47.4 46.4 46.1 45.8 43.9 Wage and salary workers________________________ Self-employed workers__________________________ Unpaid family workers_________________________ Nonagricultural industries_________________ 32.3 75. 9 13.4 57.1 29. 5 76.4 12. 7 59. 2 28.1 75. 5 10.9 59. 1 34.9 74.9 7.3 60 . 7 28.3 77.2 31.5 81.5 25.5 77.3 58.0 58.0 22.9 71.1 14.4 55.3 23.8 74.8 15.3 54.9 56.1 73.6 12.3 56.6 23.0 72.4 15.1 57.4 26.6 74.1 16.7 57.5 30.8 75.3 18. 7 58.7 30.0 75.8 18.9 59.4 28.4 75.3 18.8 58.6 29.6 70.2 57.3 21.9 74.8 13.7 55.4 2 2 .0 1 2 .6 20.9 74.9 14.3 55.3 22.5 72.7 1 2 .0 23.0 77.1 12.3 56.8 2 1 .2 1 0 .8 27.9 69. 7 17. 5 56.2 Wage and salary workers________________________ 56.4 58.5 58.4 59.9 55.9 57.1 57.3 56.1 54.6 54.7 54.8 54.6 54.9 55.8 56.3 57.2 57.3 58.5 59.5 58.7 57.8 Forestry and fisheries_________________________ Mining_______________________________________ Construction_________________________________ 39.9 61.8 51.0 55.9 46.7 57.5 63.4 64. 7 ( 50.0 \58. 2 (2) 46.3 47.8 45. 7 40.6 52.4 73.6 53.5 53.0 73.6 53.9 52.0 70.5 55.6 (3) 41.6 44.0 67.5 48.8 (3) 46.8 45.5 67.6 43.2 33.3 47 . 7 29.0 64.8 41.5 32.2 47 . 8 41.9 58. 7 43.6 70.8 55.2 65.4 54.1 63.6 68. 5 63.3 66.9 67.5 70.2 61.9 66.5 64. 5 67.7 64.0 65.8 63.3 66.4 62.3 62.4 49.5 52.8 63.4 65.4 69.3 66.5 63.7 65.9 46.9 63.5 64.0 67.8 67.1 70.7 50.1 65.7 72.4 73.9 71.1 76.3 70.5 75.2 70.8 78.8 61. 9 62! 4 63.2 64.2 45.4 52.2 76.6 69.2 72.4 52.9 70.8 72.8 77.3 72.5 77.9 70.7 72.3 69.8 74.6 6 8 .6 6 8 .8 78.9 78.9 1 65.8 64.8 69.9 49.2 61.1 79.9 7J . D 69.7 71.8 55.7 68.5 72.0 77.8 72.9 75.8 69.8 72.0 64.5 77.6 Do . 4 69.5 72.3 61.5 69.7 71.2 71.8 71.9 76.2 72.7 75.2 71.7 78.1 6 8 .2 77.8 67.7 74.0 69.6 72.4 59.6 70.5 73.8 76.5 72.9 77.8 67.7 74.1 6 6 .8 72.8 77.3 64.1 73.8 82.7 67.7 70.7 52.8 67.0 72.9 80.1 70.4 76.7 73.5 67.7 58.1 76.3 AH. 7 OU # 63.8 64.0 65. 7 47.1 54.3 79.3 / 4. O 75.4 78.6 66.8 78.0 85.3 68.9 72.3 59.2 70.2 73.8 76.4 73.7 71.3 61. Q 52.3 69. 7 58 8 61.1 58.4 59.2 44.8 54.5 79.4 72 7 73! 2 77.0 62.8 76.1 82.5 64.8 67.6 50.3 64.8 62.0 69.1 71.0 73.3 70.1 70.1 67.8 72.2 55. 7 61.’ 3 61.3 59.0 44.0 51.4 77.1 76. 3 72.2 73.3 63.4 77.7 81.4 65.6 63.4 66.4 55.4 62.1 76.9 70. 0 73.2 80.9 68.7 67.4 83.5 51.3 62.4 78.7 68. 7 72.2 80.3 66.0 72.0 79.3 Manufacturing________________________________ Durable goods______________________________ Lumber and wood products_______________ Furniture and fixtures_____________________ Stone, clay, and glass products_____________ Primary metal industries__________________ Fabricated metal products_________________ Machinery________________________________ Electrical equipment______________________ Transportation equipment___ _____________ Automobiles____________________________ Other transportation equipment__________ Other durable goods_______________________ Nondurable goods___________________________ Food and kindred products________________ Textile mill products______________________ Apparel and related products______________ Printing and publishing.,__________________ Chemicals and allied products_____________ Other nondurable goods___________________ Transportation and public utilities_____________ Railroads and railway express service...______ Other transportation_________________ ______ C ommunications___________________________ Other public utilities________________________ 00 1950 61.9 64. 7 6 8 .2 59.0 73. 6 58.1 73.9 59.2 74.8 64.0 74. 4 55. 9 71.2 60.4 71.6 61.6 74.3 59.2 72.2 58.6 39.0 73.9 57. 9 62! 0 60.5 58.4 43.9 59.5 79.1 72. 6 72*. 0 75.1 60.0 77.1 84.5 62.5 62.9 55.3 65.0 65.2 41.8 64.3 6 6 .0 61.0 63.2 44.5 57.7 74.6 72. 4 7l ! 4 74.1 64.1 71. 1 80.6 48.3 58.7 63.4 63.5 71.6 73.0 69.6 65.4 54.6 74.0 59. 6 62! 1 61.4 62.5 38.6 60.1 82.2 72. 6 7l ! 7 73.5 62.8 74.5 81.9 6 6 .0 47.8 68.4 72.4 69.1 61.5 44.9 74.2 56. 2 62! 0 6 8 .6 72.5 13.5 55.2 1 1 .8 6 8 .2 45.8 7I X A A O 6 8 .8 51.5 7 2 .8 / U. O a7 0 O /. J 65.0 64.9 69.4 50.2 55.0 78.5 7/ O*. A T 75.8 82.5 65.9 78.0 85.4 64.4 64.3 69.6 49.2 53.6 79.8 70 A 75.5 83.4 67.2 74.0 84.9 83.6 67.6 74.0 85.1 64.6 66.3 52.9 66.9 79.9 71. 8 75.5 80.8 69.1 74.5 84.8 Do . 7 5 .7 Do* O 2 1 .1 57.7 70.6 57.2 71.5 74.4 75.3 70.5 74.7 67.8 70.6 65.2 75.1 65.4 64.7 62.4 6 6 .6 56.2 (3) 69.3 50.9 65. 6 67.5 53.2 61.8 71.1 74.4 64.9 71.9 68.5 64.4 52.6 74.4 6 6 .6 62.8 59.4 63.7 48.5 63.1 79.2 6 6 .8 71.5 78.6 62.5 72.2 83.5 Wholesale and retail trade_____________________ Wholesale trade______________________ _______ Retail trade_________________________ ______ 52.8 53 . 7 53.2 53.8 51. 1 50 . 1 50.0 49 . 5 49.2 66.6 45.2 48.3 64.1 44.5 47.0 66.2 42.5 48.4 70.1 43.3 47.5 67.1 43.4 46.5 68.1 42.2 46.8 70.8 41.8 47.8 72.3 42.4 46.2 69.9 41.4 47.1 70.6 42.3 47.9 70.5 43.1 47.5 70.9 42.6 45.2 69.9 40.3 43.8 68.3 38.3 Finance, insurance, real estate, and service_____ Finance, insurance, real estate_______________ Business and repair services_________________ Private households__________________________ Personal services, excluding private households. Entertainment and recreation services________ Medical, other health services_______________- Welfare and religious services_____________ ___ Educational services_____________________ ___ Other professional services___________________ Forestry and fisheries 3___________________ ___ 46.9 47.9 48.8 48.5 46 . 7 47.5 47.4 46.0 23. 6 23.0 20.7 21.6 17.4 44.7 67.8 59.4 17.5 43.3 28.3 53.4 54.1 42.5 £9.6 44.5 68.8 55.3 16.6 41.8 30.9 55.1 48.6 40.5 58.5 45.3 66.1 53.7 17.5 43.6 29.1 55.1 55.0 43.0 59.1 44.3 66.0 53.8 16.6 42.7 28.6 53.9 59.5 42.4 60.7 43.9 67.3 55.8 15.4 41.2 26.8 55.1 56.4 40.3 56.9 44.4 68.6 53.7 13.8 41.8 26.6 54.2 51.8 41.8 59.8 44.5 68.2 53.7 13.5 37.4 24.6 55.5 53.1 43.2 61.2 45.3 69.7 54.6 14.9 43.8 25.3 54.9 51.7 41.9 57.4 46.8 68.6 55.9 13.9 42.7 28.7 52.5 51.5 48.0 60.1 48.6 68.8 56.8 17.1 43.1 31.2 52.9 52.3 48.5 60.8 50.9 70.0 57.6 17.7 43.6 31. 2 56.5 52.2 52.1 61.4 49.4 67.7 57. 7 18.6 41.6 28.5 52.6 52.2 50.4 59.6 A 0KH u. u 50.0 66.8 54.8 15.2 41.0 30.2 51.1 54.2 54.0 61.5 50.3 67.7 50. 5 15.3 38.8 27.3 52. 5 56.3 54.0 61.8 41. 0 Public administration_________________________ __ 75.8 76.0 80.2 80.4 78.5 79.0 78.2 77.8 78.5 77.7 75.0 77.8 78.3 78.8 79.8 77.6 76.2 76.3 76.7 76.7 76.1 74.4 Self-employed workers__________________________ Unpaid family workers__________________________ 1 2 67.3 25. 5 69.2 21. 2 68.9 22. 5 71.6 26.0 71.6 37.3 70.7 27.8 70.1 27.3 67.2 25.8 66.9 24.3 66.4 24.0 65.4 23.6 61.9 25.1 63.1 25.8 65.1 23.6 65.0 27.0 62.6 30.2 62.7 30.5 64.3 32.3 65.0 25.7 64.6 24.1 62.0 23.5 61. 6 29.1 1Beginning with 1966 data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over, in accordance w ith change introduced in January 1967. 2 Percent not shown where base is less than 100,000. 3 Included w ith finance, insurance, real estate, and service, beginning w ith 1968 6 N ote: Dashes indicate data not available. 4.1 ^ 1. a D T A B L E 37. Penons With Two Jobs or M ore, by Industry and Class of Worker of Primary and Secondary Job, Selected Dates, 1956-71 [Persons 14 years of age and over for 1956-66; 16 years and over for 1969 and 1971] July of— M ay of— December of— Item 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1960 1970 T otal holding 2 jobs or m ore............................... 3,653 3,570 3,099 2,966 3,012 3,342 3,921 3,726 3,756 3,636 4,008 4,048 4,035 Agriculture.............................................................. Wage and salary workers.............................. Self-employed workers.................................. Unpaid family workers....... ......................... Nonagricultural industries.................................. Wage and salary workers.............................. Self-employed workers.................................. Unpaid family workers......................... ....... 866 295 402 169 2,787 2,569 203 18 858 285 385 188 2,712 2,447 237 28 629 264 264 101 2,470 2,257 198 15 321 104 199 18 2,645 2,451 182 12 223 97 208 27 2,680 2,489 184 7 364 102 210 52 2,978 2,764 194 20 386 146 195 45 3,535 3,361 169 5 405 139 230 36 3,321 3,135 175 11 416 133 218 65 3,340 3,131 200 9 335 88 200 47 3,301 3,110 177 14 273 75 167 31 3,735 3,568 162 5 276 89 154 33 3,772 3,570 194 8 217 65 129 23 3,818 3,641 167 10 1971 P r im a r y J o b Num ber (thousands) Percent o f Total Em ployed Total holding 2 jobs or m ore....................... ....... 5.5 5.3 4.8 4.5 4.6 4.9 5.7 5.2 5.2 4.9 5.2 5.2 5.1 Agriculture.............................................................. Wage and salary workers.............................. Self-employed workers.................................. Unpaid family workers................................ Nonagricultural industries.................................. Wage and salary workers.......................... -Self-employed workers.................................. Unpaid family workers................................ 11.2 13.4 10.9 9 .4 4.7 4.9 3 .3 2.7 11.0 12.1 10.7 10.0 4.6 4.7 3.7 3 .9 9.3 13.2 8.1 6.9 4.2 4 .4 3.1 2.2 6.7 7.7 7.2 2.5 4.3 4.6 2.8 2.0 6 .7 6 .7 7.6 3.6 4.4 4.6 2 .8 1.1 6 .7 6 .2 7.5 5.2 4.7 5.0 3.0 2.9 7.5 8.8 7.5 4.8 5.5 5.9 2.7 .9 8.1 ~ 8.8 9.3 3.7 5.0 5.3 2.7 1.9 8.1 8 .4 8.6 6.5 5.0 5.2 3.0 1.5 7.8 6.6 8.9 6.6 4 .8 5.0 2 .8 2.5 7.0 5.8 8.5 4.8 5.1 5.3 3.1 .9 7.4 7 .4 8 .0 5.5 5.1 5.2 3.7 1.6 6 .0 5.2 7.1 4.2 5.1 5.3 3.1 1.9 Total holding 2 jobs or m ore............................... 3,653 3,670 3,099 2,966 3,012 3,342 3,921 3,726 3,756 3,636 4,008 4,048 4,035 Agriculture............................................................. Wage and salary workers.............................. Self-employed workers.................................. Nonagricultural industries................: ................ Wage and salary workers.............................. Self-employed workers.................................. 1, 111 485 626 2,542 2,202 340 1,035 506 529 2,535 2,187 348 850 362 488 2,249 1,905 344 649 130 519 2,317 1,907 410 587 135 452 2,425 2,025 400 645 176 469 2,697 2,176 521 825 188 637 3,096 2,481 615 801 185 616 2,925 2,367 558 786 167 619 2,970 2,389 581 721 139 582 2,915 2,335 580 723 121 602 3,285 2,698 587 738 122 616 3,310 2,748 562 700 96 604 3,335 2,607 728 Se c o n d a r y Job Number (thousands) N ote : Persons whose only extra job is as an unpaid fam ily worker are not counted as dual jobholders. 88FRASER Digitized for Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960 and are therefore not strictly comparable with earlier years. N o surveys were conducted in 1967 or 1968. T A B L E 38. Employees on Nonagricultural Payrolls/ by Industry Division, 1919-71 [In thousands] Service-producing Goods-producing Year and month Manufacturing Total Total 1919, 1920 1921. 1922. 1923. 1924. 1925. 1926. 1927. 1928. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1936. 1937. 1940. 1941. 1942. 1943. 1944. 1945. 1946. 1947. 1948. 1949. 1950. 1951. 1952. 1953. 1954. 1955. 1956. 1957. 1958. 1959. 1960. 1961. 1962. 1963. 1964. 1965. 1966. 1967. 1968. 1969. 1970. 1971. Min ing Con tract con struc tion Dur able Total 27,088 27,350 24; 382 25,827 28,394 28,040 28,778 29,819 29,976 30,000 31,339 29,424 26,649 23,628 23,711 25,953 27,053 29,082 31,026 29,209 30,618 32,376 36,554 40,125 42,452 41,883 40,394 41,674 43,881 44,891 43,778 45,222 47,849 48,825 50,232 49,022 50,675 52,408 52,894 51,363 53,313 54,234 54,042 55,596 56,702 58,331 60,815 63,955 65, 857 67,915 70,284 70,616 70,699 12,813 12,745 10;231 11,234 12; 741 12,093 12,474 12,896 12j723 12,603 13,286 11,943 10,257 8,632 8,950 10,246 10,878 11,918 12,921 11,386 12,282 13,204 15,939 18,442 20,094 19,314 17,492 17,226 18,482 18, 745 17,536 18,475 19,925 20,164 21,038 19, 717 20,476 21,064 20,925 19,474 20,367 20,393 19,814 20,405 20,593 20,958 21,880 23,116 23,268 23,672 24, 221 23,336 22, 469 1,133 lj 239 962 929 1,212 1,101 1,089 l' 185 l ’ 114 1,050 li 087 1,009 873 731 744 883 897 946 1,015 891 854 925 957 992 925 892 836 862 955 994 930 901 929 898 866 791 792 822 828 751 732 712 672 650 635 634 632 627 613 606 619 622 601 1,021 848 1,012 1,185 1,229 1,321 1,446 1,555 lj 608 1,606 1,497 1,372 1,214 970 809 862 912 1,145 1,112 1,055 1,150 1,294 1,790 2,170 1,567 1,094 1,132 1,661 1,982 2,169 2,165 2,333 2,603 2,634 2,623 2,612 2,802 2, 999 2,923 2, 778 2,960 2,885 2,816 2,902 2,963 3,050 3,186 3,275 3,208 3,285 3,435 3,345 3,259 10,659 10|658 8^257 9 ,120 10,300 9,671 9' 939 10,156 10j001 9,947 10i 702 9,562 8,170 6,931 7, 397 8,501 9,069 9,827 10,794 9,440 10,278 10,985 13,192 15,280 17,602 17,328 15,524 14,703 15,545 15,582 14,441 15,241 16,393 16,632 17,549 16,314 16,882 17,243 17,174 15,945 16,675 16,696 16,326 16,853 16,995 17,274 18.062 19,214 19,447 19, 781 20,167 19,369 18,610 4,715 5,363 6,968 8,823 11,084 10,856 9,074 7,742 8,385 8,326 7,489 8,094 9,098 9,349 10,110 9,129 9,541 9,834 9,856 8,830 9,373 9,459 9,070 9,480 9,616 9,816 10,406 11,284 11,439 11,626 11,895 11,198 10,590 69.935 70,022 70,448 70, 740 70, 755 71,338 70, 542 70,452 70,841 70,604 70,562 71,151 23,474 23,435 23,549 23,512 23,372 23, 735 23,506 23,654 23,605 22,906 22,609 22,677 611 608 610 616 620 635 635 636 627 622 623 621 3,049 3,070 3,157 3,282 3,339 3,496 3,565 3,599 3,497 3,471 3,383 3,233 19,814 19, 757 19, 782 19,614 19,413 19,604 19,306 19,419 19,481 18,813 18,603 18,823 69, 527 69,450 69, 782 70,309 70,738 71,355 70,452 70,542 71,184 71,379 71,638 72,034 22,111 21,984 22,063 22,263 22,441 22,794 22,541 22, 785 22,934 22, 709 22,627 22,377 611 606 608 617 622 634 613 625 623 522 524 605 2,921 2,846 2,967 3,164 3,265 3,414 3,480 3, 509 3,471 3,478 3,410 3,177 18,579 18, 532 18,488 18,482 18,554 18, 746 18,448 18,651 18,840 18,709 18,693 18,595 Non dur able Total F i Trans Wholesale and retail trade nance, por insur tation ance, Whole Re and and public Total sale tail trade utili trade real estate ties Government Serv ices Total Fed eral State and local 4,742 4,996 5,338 5,297 5,241 5,296 5,452 6,186 6,595 6,783 6,778 6,868 7,136 7,317 7,520 7,496 7,740 7,974 7,992 7,902 8,182 8,388 8,344 8,511 8,675 8,971 9,404 9,808 10,081 10,473 10,906 11,098 11,319 1, 111 1,175 1,163 1,144 1,190 1,231 1,233 1,305 1,367 1,435 1,509 1,475 1,407 1,341 1,295 1,319 1,335 1,388 1,432 1,425 1,462 1,502 1,549 1,538 1,502 1,476 1,497 1,697 1,754 1,829 1,857 1,919 1,991 2,069 2,146 2,234 2,335 2,429 2,477 2, 519 2,594 2,669 2,731 2,800 2,877 2,957 3.023 3,100 3,225 3,382 3,564 3,690 3,800 2,263 2,362 2,412 2,503 2,684 2,782 2,869 3,046 3,168 3,265 3,440 3,376 3,183 2,931 2,873 3,058 3,142 3,326 3,518 3,473 3,517 3,681 3,921 4,084 4,148 4,163 4,241 4,719 5,050 5,206 5,264 5,382 5,576 5,730 5,867 6,002 6,274 6,536 6,749 6,806 7,130 7,423 7,664 8,028 8.325 8,709 9,087 9,551 10,099 10,623 11,229 11,630 11,917 2,676 2,603 2,528 2,538 2,607 2,720 2,800 2,846 2,915 2,995 3,065 3,148 3,264 3,225 3,166 3,299 3,481 3,668 3,756 3,883 3,995 4,202 4,660 5,483 6,080 6,043 5,944 5,595 5,474 5,650 5,856 6,026 6,389 6,609 6,645 6,751 6,914 7,277 7,616 7,839 8,083 8,353 8,594 8,890 9, 225 9,596 10,074 10,792 11,398 11,845 12,202 12,535 12,858 2,532 533 2,622 526 2,704 560 559 2,666 2,601 565 2,647 652 2,728 753 2,842 826 2,923 833 3,054 829 3,090 905 3,206 996 3,320 1,340 3,270 2,213 3,174 2,905 3,116 2,928 3,137 2,808 3,341 2,254 3,582 1,892 3,787 1,863 3,948 1,908 4,098 1,928 4,087 2,302 4,188 2,420 4,340 2,305 4,567 2,188 4,723 2,187 5,069 2,209 5,399 2,217 2,191 5,648 5,850 2,233 6,083 2,270 6,315 2,279 6,550 2,340 6,868 2,358 7,248 2,348 7,696 2,378 8,227 2,564 8,679 2,719 9,109 2,737 9,444 2,758 9,830 2,705 2,664 10,194 3,780 3,768 3,776 3,781 3, 788 3,845 3,871 3,858 3,841 3,856 3,858 3,863 10,906 10,816 10,903 11,017 11,065 11,121 11,020 10,980 11,061 11,146 11,296 11,843 3,615 3,626 3,650 3,669 3,682 3, 719 3,749 3, 742 3,705 3,699 3,705 3,712 11,293 11,399 11,478 11,607 11,698 11,772 11, 740 11,679 11,689 11,745 11,738 11,717 12,429 12,554 12,644 12, 714 12,675 12, 579 12, 055 11,957 12,372 12, 721 12,835 12,885 2,690 2,694 2,758 2,838 2,765 2,710 2,700 2,675 2,649 2,643 2,648 2,693 9,739 9,860 9,886 9,876 9,910 9,869 9,355 9,282 9,723 10,078 10,187 10,192 3,810 3,799 3,808 3,808 3,823 3,860 3,877 3,886 3,880 3,896 3,905 3, 915 11,052 10,922 10,983 11,166 11,248 11,332 11,255 11,265 11,362 11,431 11,632 12,174 3,709 3, 715 3,735 3,758 3,780 3,837 3,867 3,865 3,829 3,826 3,836 3,841 11,611 11,667 11,758 11,867 11,953 12,050 12,010 11,994 11,986 12,020 12,032 12,029 12,799 12,909 12,971 12,978 12,993 12,933 12,338 12,261 12,684 13,042 13,159 13,229 2,640 2,646 2,649 2,662 2,659 2,674 2,688 2,690 2,666 2,659 2,655 2,684 10,159 10,263 10,322 10,316 10,334 10,259 9,650 9,571 10,018 10,383 10,504 10,545 5,564 5,622 6,225 6,458 6,518 6,472 6,450 6,962 7,159 7,256 6,953 7,147 7,304 7,284 7,438 7,185 7,340 7,409 7,319 7,116 7,303 7,336 7,256 7,373 7,380 7,458 7,656 7,930 8,008 8,155 8,272 8,171 8,020 14,275 14,605 14,151 14,593 15,653 15,947 16,304 16,923 17,253 17,397 18,053 17,481 16,392 14,996 14,761 15,707 16,175 17,164 18,105 17,823 18,336 19,173 20,614 21,683 22,359 22,569 22,902 24,448 25,399 26,146 26,242 26,747 27,924 28,660 29,195 29,306 30,199 31,344 31, 969 31,890 32,945 33,840 34,229 35,190 36,108 37,373 38,936 40,839 42, 589 44,244 46,063 47,280 48,230 3,711 3,998 3,459 3,505 3,882 3,807 3,826 3,942 3,895 3,828 3,916 3,685 3,254 2,816 2,672 2,750 2,786 2,973 3,134 2,863 2,936 3,038 3,274 3,460 3,647 3,829 3,906 4,061 4,166 4,189 4,001 4,034 4,226 4,248 4,290 4,084 4,141 4,244 4,241 3,976 4,011 4,004 3,903 3,906 3,903 3,951 4,036 4,151 4,261 4,310 4,429 4,504 4,481 4,514 4,467 4,589 4,903 5,290 5,407 5,576 5,784 5,908 5,874 6,123 5,797 5,284 4,683 4,755 5,281 5,431 5,809 6,265 6,179 6,426 6,750 7,210 7,118 6,982 7,058 6,314 8,376 8,955 9,272 9,264 9,386 9,742 10,004 10,247 10,235 10,535 10,858 10,886 10,750 11,127 11,391 11,337 11,566 11,778 12,160 12,716 13,245 13,606 14,084 14,639 14,922 15,174 1,684 1,754 1,873 1,821 1,741 1,762 1,862 2,190 2,361 2,489 2,487 2,518 2,606 2,687 2,727 2,739 2,796 2,884 2,893 2,848 2,946 3,004 2,993 3,056 3,104 3,189 3,312 3,437 3,525 3,611 3,733 3,824 3,855 11,630 11,576 11,612 11,492 11,351 11,389 11,157 11,095 11,196 10,634 10,485 10, 763 8,184 8,181 8,170 8,122 8,062 8,215 8,149 8,324 8,285 8,179 8,118 8,060 46,461 46,587 46,899 47,228 47,383 47,603 47,036 46, 798 47,236 47,698 47,953 48,474 4,438 4,424 4,448 4,440 4,475 4,567 4,601 4,582 4,568 4,531 4,520 4,454 14,686 14,584 14,679 14, 798 14,853 14,966 14,891 14,838 14,902 15,002 15,154 15, 706 10,646 10, 597 10,550 10, 562 10,607 10,694 10. 487 10,485 10,657 10,605 10,612 10,575 7,933 7,935 7,938 7,920 7,947 8,052 7, 961 8,166 8,183 8,104 8,081 8,020 47,416 47,466 47,719 48,046 48, 297 48,561 47, 911 47, 757 48,250 48,670 49,011 49,657 4,435 4,454 4,466 4,469 4,500 4, 549 4,534 4,486 4, 509 4,455 4,447 4,469 14,862 14, 721 14,789 14,974 15,071 15,192 15,132 15,151 15,242 15,327 15,537 16,089 1970 January_____ February____ March.........._ A p ril________ M ay............. . June.............. July................ A ugust______ September _ . O ctober_____ N ovem b er..., Decem ber__ 1971 January......... February___ March______ A pril_______ M ay________ June.......... . July........... A ugust_____ September - . O ctober........ N ovem b er... D ecem ber.. . N ote: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959. 89 T A B L E 39. Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajor Industry Group, 1939-71 [In thousands] Durable goods Year apd month Total Stone, Primary Ord Lumber Furniture clay, and metal nance and glass indus and ac and wood cessories products fixtures products tries 1838__ ________ 1940 ______________ 194i ________ 1942 ............ . 1943 . _ 1944 ____________ 194/i ................ 1946 ____________ 1947____________ ________ — 1948________________________ 1949________________________ 1950...-____________________ 1951________________________ 1952________________________ 1953________________________ 1954________________________ 1955________________________ 1956________________________ 1957________________________ 1958________________________ 1959________________________ 1960________________________ 1961________________________ 1962_______________________ 1963________________________ 1964________________________ 1965......................................... 1966.................... ...................... 1967................. ..................... 1968............... ...................... . 1969_______________ ____ ____ 1970_______ ________________ 1971________________________ 4,715 5; 363 6,968 8,823 11,084 lo! 856 9,074 7,742 8i 385 8,326 7,489 8,094 9,089 9,349 10, n o 9,129 9,541 9,834 9,856 8,830 9,373 9,459 9,070 9,480 9,616 9,816 10,406 11,284 11,439 11,626 11,895 11,198 10,590 11 22 71 329 486 368 245 30 27 28 26 30 77 178.7 234.3 163.3 141.2 138.5 140.2 158.1 203.5 220.0 244.2 264.4 265.5 243.9 225.8 260.9 317.2 338.0 316.2 242.1 193.0 845 818 741 808 840.2 790.4 770.7 707.9 739.6 730.9 655.3 615.0 658.8 626.8 582.9 589.3 592.6 604.2 606.9 614.3 596.8 600.1 606.7 572.5 579.8 1970 January------- ----------------------February___________________ March_____ ________________ April_______________________ May_______________________ June________ _____ ________ , July____ ______ _____________ August____________________ September______________ . . . October____________________ November__________________ December____________ ____ 11,630 11,576 11,612 11,492 11,351 11,389 11,157 11,095 11,196 10,634 10,485 10,763 276.3 270.7 263.5 253.1 247.1 243.0 236.0 232.3 229.7 221.9 218.2 213.2 1971 January____________________ February. ________________ _ March___ ________ ____ _____ April_______________________ May________________________ June_______________________ July________________________ August_____________________ September . October _______________ .. November. ____ _____ . . . . December___ _____ _________ 10, 646 10,597 10, 550 10,562 10,607 10, 694 10,487 10,485 10,657 10,605 10,612 10, 575 209.2 200.7 195.7 192.8 194. 2 192.7 189.9 189.9 190.2 188.3 187.3 185.5 Digitized90 for FRASER Fabri Machin Elec Transpor Instru Miscel cated ery trical tation ments laneous except metal equip equip and manu products electrical :ment and ment related facturing supplies products industries 989 979 881 982 1,077.8 1,064.4 1,156.4 1,069.9 1,122.4 1,140.4 1,167.3 1,076.9 1,122. 5 1,135.3 1,084.5 1,127.7 1,150.1 1,189. 7 1,269.0 1,351.3 1,363.1 1,390.4 1,440. 4 1,379.9 1,331.9 588 701 959 1,265 1,500 1,462 1,307 1,255 1,375 1,372 1,182 1,210 1,456.6 1,517.4 1,554.4 1,417.7 1,448.5 1,571.6 1,585.9 1,362.4 1,452.1 1,479.0 1,418.6 1,493.2 1,529.3 1,609.6 1,735.3 1,910.0 1,969. 6 1,965. 9 2,032.6 1,976. 9 1, 791. 0 441 494 657 788 1,015 1,087 979 919 1,035 991 862 991 1,113.6 1,185.0 1,333.3 1,190.4 1,240.8 1,323.1 1,343.8 1,249.0 1,396.4 1,467.1 1,473.3 1,567.0 1,553.9 1,543.8 1,659.2 1,908.8 1,958.9 1,974.5 2,019.9 1,922.9 1,787.8 645 834 1,297 2,259 3.666 3,682 2,548 1,250 1,275 1,270 1,210 1,265 1,515.1 1.703.2 1,969.1 1,754.1 1,854.6 1,852.5 1,909.1 1,594.6 1,635.0 1,568.9 1,448.6 1,547.0 1,609.7 1,604.3 1, 740. 6 1,917.7 1,948.5 2,038.6 2,060. 5 1,806. 8 1,751.4 267 262 239 250 294.3 312.5 337.1 321.2 323.2 337.8 342.1 323.8 345.3 354.3 347.4 358.7 364.8 369.9 389.0 430.9 450.8 461.9 476.6 458.6 432.0 421 422 385 400 406.0 393.7 420.9 390.7 396.2 403.0 387.2 373.0 387.7 389.9 378.2 389.6 386.8 397.6 419.5 433 7 428.4 433.4 441.0 425.7 410.6 1,358. 8 1,355. 0 1,347.3 1,338.6 1,328. 2 1,340.1 1,325. 3 1,315.0 1,317.1 1, 260. 5 1, 239. 0 1, 252. 2 1,428.5 1,416.0 1,411.0 1,396.6 1,379.3 1,394. 5 1,364.3 1,378. 8 1,394. 9 1,333.6 1,315. 7 1,345.1 2,057. 2 2,071. 2 2,075. 4 2,056.1 2,021. 4 2,012.1 1,982.3 1, 945.1 1, 928. 7 1, 874. 6 1,851. 6 1,846. 9 1,946. 2 2,007. 7 1,996. 6 1,971.7 1,944. 2 1,942. 3 1,921.5 1,915. 5 1,909. 6 1,863. 4 1,826.9 1,828. 7 1,983.5 1,886.1 1,946. 8 1,913.1 1,880. 6 1, 873. 0 1, 783. 6 1, 729.6 1,842.1 1,531.7 1, 513. 2 1, 798.0 472.4 471.1 471.0 468.8 465.0 462.2 457.1 455.9 451.7 446.1 442.4 439.5 420.6 422.8 434.8 423.3 424.2 428.5 415.0 433.3 436.6 437.0 430.7 412.0 1, 255.3 1, 260. 4 1,265. 7 1, 273. 3 1, 278. 8 1, 283.1 1, 238. 9 1,164.1 1,176. 0 1,165. 4 1,165. 2 1,168.6 1,325. 4 1,321.2 1,291.0 1,323. 3 1,328. 5 1,343. 6 1,319.4 1,332. 4 1,354.1 1,349. 2 1,350. 7 1,343. 4 1,827. 2 1,819.3 1,812. 2 1, 796. 7 1, 784.3 1, 784. 6 1, 772. 4 1, 767. 6 1, 788. 4 1,774. 4 1,778. 9 1,786. 2 1,801.9 1, 790.3 1, 781. 2 1, 772. 8 1, 775. 5 1, 780. 6 1, 758, 7 1, 777. 2 1,803,2 1,800.2 1,806. 7 1,805.8 1,796. 7 1, 776.1 1, 765. 4 1, 748. 7 1, 764. 0 1, 770. 7 1, 688. 7 1, 694. 6 1,768. 7 1,749.4 1,750. 6 1,743.3 436.1 430.3 428.5 425.4 427.6 430.9 430.2 432.4 434.8 436.2 436.7 435.3 393.7 395.8 399.5 401.7 406.2 413.3 402.1 421.4 428.1 429.6 425.8 409.8 336 346 317 364 357.2 357.1 369.9 341.9 363.8 375.5 374.3 360.8 385.0 383.0 367.5 385.1 389.9 405.9 430.7 461.5 455.4 471.6 483.9 459.9 459.1 369 387 456 460 446 413 408 498 537 549 514 547 587.0 564.0 581.3 552.6 588.4 605.3 595.4 562.4 604.0 604.0 582.0 592.3 600.8 613.8 628.3 644.2 628.3 635.5 656.4 638.5 628.5 1,279 1,290 1,134 1,247 1,364.3 1,282.1 1,383.1 1,219.3 1,322.5 1,355.3 1,355.3 1,153.5 1,182.6 1,231.2 1,142. 7 1,165.6 1,172.2 1, 233. 2 1,301.0 1,350. 7 1,322.1 1, 315. 5 1,360. 8 1,314.8 1, 224. 6 577.2 571.4 570.7 567.3 571.2 588.3 680.7 682.8 577.1 569.5 560.9 552.4 476.0 470.4 468.9 462.9 451.5 453.9 446.0 457.0 460.2 459.3 458.3 453.8 633.0 633.8 635.9 640.2 638.5 650.9 644.7 650.1 648.3 636.8 628.1 621.5 544.5 550.7 554.2 556.4 566.9 593.3 596.4 602.3 601.5 601.8 598.1 591. 8 449.4 447.3 447.4 448.1 451.3 459.3 452.1 459.1 468.3 472.8 475.8 478.3 606.1 604.8 608.9 622.8 630.1 641.7 638.6 643.8 644v0 637.7 636.3 627.3 T A B L E 39. Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajor Industry Group, 1 9 3 9 -7 1 — Continued [In thousands] Nondurable goods Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products 924 929 1,050 1,087 1,107 1,079 1,060 1,146 1,154 1,190 1,173 1,202 1,207.2 1,216.4 1,248.0 1,183.6 1,219.2 1,223.4 1,210.1 1,171.8 1,225.9 1,233.2 1,214.5 1,263.7 1,282.8 1,302.5 1,354.2 1,401.9 1,397.5 1,405.8 1,409.1 1,372.2 1,361.5 320 333 372 376 389 388 391 447 465 473 455 485 511.2 503.7 530.4 531.1 550.0 567.8 570.6 564.1 587.2 601.1 601.3 614.4 618.5 625.5 639.1 666.9 679.1 691.2 711.1 706.5 687.5 569 570 580 565 557 558 577 669 721 740 740 748 767.6 779.9 802.8 813.9 834.7 862.0 870.0 872.6 888.5 911.3 917.3 926.4 930.6 951.5 979.4 1,016.9 1,047.8 1,065.1 1,093.6 1,106.8 1,087.7 371 399 483 571 609 650 668 633 649 655 618 640 707.0 730.1 768.2 752.7 773.1 796.5 810.0 794.1 809.2 828.2 828.2 848.5 865.3 878.6 907.8 961.4 1,001.4 1,029.9 1,059.9 1,051.3 1,014.8 139 146 155 160 160 174 186 208 221 228 221 218 231.3 234.6 241.4 238.1 237.1 235.5 232.2 223.8 215.5 211.9 201.9 195.3 188.7 183.9 182.9 184.2 183.2 186.8 182.3 190.4 189.8 163 176 213 219 268 285 284 317 323 312 283 311 334.4 338.3 361.0 328.4 363.3 369.2 371.9 344.3 372.7 379.0 375.3 408.4 418.5 436.0 470.8 510.7 516.4 561.3 596.3 580.4 582.0 386 374 416 413 381 358 357 408 412 412 389 395 3sa 0 384.2 389.2 373.0 385.9 382.7 372.7 359.2 374.0 363.4 358.2 360.7 349.2 347.6 352.9 363.6 350.9 355.2 343.2 322.2 307.9 Year and month Total 1939............................................................ 1940................................ ........................... 1941........................................................... 1942........................................................... 1943........................................................... 1944........................................................... 1945........................................................... 1946........................................................... 1947........................................................... 1948........................................................... 1949........................................................... 1950........................................................... 1951........................................................... 1952........................................................... 1953........................................................... 1954...............................................- .......... 1955................................................ .......... 1956........................................................... 1957........................................................... 1958........................................................... 1959........................................................... 1950........................................................... 1951........................................................... 1552............................ ............................. 1953........................................................... 1954........................................................... 1955........................................................... 1956............................................................ 1967............................................................ 1968.......................................................... 1969............................................................ 1970......................................................... 1971......................... ................................. Food and Tobacco kindred manu products factures R ubber Printing C hem icals Petroleum and and pub and allied and coal plastics lishing products products products, nec. Leather and leather products 5,564 5,622 6,225 6|458 6' 518 6’ 472 6|450 6|962 7; 159 7,256 6,953 7,147 7,304 7,284 7,438 7,185 7,340 7,409 7,319 7,116 7,303 7,336 7,256 7,373 7,380 7.458 7,656 7,930 8,008 8,155 8,272 8,171 8,020 1,393 1,414 I! 514 i;617 1,649 1,685 i; 691 lj 767 1,799 1,801 1,778 1,790 1,823.2 1,827.8 1,838.9 1,818.3 1,824.7 1,841.9 1,805.4 1,772.8 1,789.6 1,790.0 1,775.2 1,763.0 1,752.0 1,750.4 1,756.7 1,777.2 1,786.3 1,781.5 1,790.8 1,781.7 1,753.5 118 114 109 103 104.1 105.6 103.6 103.3 102.5 99.6 97.0 94.5 94.5 94.0 90.7 90.5 88.6 90.2 86.8 84.3 86.5 84.6 83.0 81.7 73.6 1,193 1,177 1,336 1,342 1,295 1,197 1,139 1,264 1,299 1,332 1,187 1,256 1,237.7 1,163.4 1,154.8 1,042.3 1,050.2 1,032.0 981.1 918.8 945.7 924.4 893.4 902.3 885.4 892.0 925.6 963.5 958.5 993.9 1,002.5 977.6 961.7 8,184 8,181 8,170 8,122 8,062 8,215 8,149 8,324 8,285 8,179 8,118 8,060 1,730.6 1,725.9 1,722.0 1,709.8 1,724.1 1,782.5 1,812.2 1,908.1 1,892.1 1,836.6 1,786.8 1,749.2 82.2 80.0 76.4 73.9 73.2 73.9 74.2 91.9 93.2 91.6 86.1 84.1 997.2 990.7 989.0 986.9 979.6 984.3 961.3 975.6 974.3 965.5 964.0 963.2 1,378.8 1,393.5 1,391.3 1,370.4 1,359.4 1,386.3 1,334.0 1,378.2 1,377.6 1,368.3 1,369.0 1,359.0 713.1 710.8 711.2 710.4 704.3 716.3 706.0 708.3 704.7 694.6 699.5 698.2 1,108.1 1,110.5 1,112.8 1,110.5 1,103.0 1,106.1 1,105.0 1,104.8 1,104.2 1,104. 7 1,105.0 1,107.0 1,055.9 1,057.7 1,060.3 1,059.5 1,053.4 1,058.8 1,060.3 1,059.2 1,048.8 1,040.2 1,032.8 1.028.7 186.6 187.0 188.2 188.8 190.4 195.0 195.7 195.0 191.3 190.0 189.2 187.9 599.9 595.1 592.7 589.0 550.9 581.5 579.1 579.7 582.6 572.5 571.2 570.0 331.8 329.3 325.8 323.1 323.2 329.8 321.5 323.1 316.3 314.7 314.7 312.7 7,933 7,935 7,938 7,920 7,947 8,052 7,961 8,166 8,183 8,104 8,081 8,020 1,696.1 1,682.9 1,678.6 1,674.3 1,693.2 1,749.3 1,797.0 1,882.8 1,879.3 1,803.8 1,770.8 1,734.0 78.0 75.6 70.1 69.2 68.4 67.9 61.9 77.7 84.2 80.0 76.5 73.4 955.7 955.1 954.7 954.9 958.5 968.2 948.6 964.7 964.5 965.5 973.7 976.3 1,338.8 1,360.7 1,374.8 1,362.5 1,369.8 1,372.3 1,304.1 1,366.1 1,374.2 1,379.0 1,380.6 1,355.6 689.7 685.8 683.8 683.4 675.3 690.2 677.7 688.1 696.7 691.9 693.5 693.5 1,094.2 1,094.1 1,092.0 1,087.0 1,085.1 1,088.6 1,082.2 1,080.6 1,081.4 1,087.4 1,087.9 1,091.4 1,021.7 1,019.4 1,019.1 1,021.6 1,020.4 1,022.9 1,018.2 1,015.4 1,009.4 1,004.7 1,003.6 1,001.0 186.9 186.3 187.0 188.0 189.8 192.6 193.7 193.2 191.9 190.4 189.1 188.6 561.5 666.0 571.2 572.9 577.7 585.0 577.4 584.5 595.9 597.4 597.0 597.8 310.0 309.0 306.6 306.5 308.8 314.9 300.0 313.2 305.5 304.1 308.6 308.0 1970 January................................................... February............. .............................. . March....................................................... A pril......................................................... M ay.......................................................... June.......................................................... July.......................................................... August..................................................... September............................................... October.............. ...................................... Novem ber................................................ December............................................... 1971 January.................................................... February................................................ March....................................................... A pril......................................................... M ay........................... .......... ................. June......................................................... July.......................................................... August..................................................... September............................................. . October.................................................... Novem ber........... .................................... December............................................... N ote: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959. 91 T A B L E 40. Production or Nonsupervisory Workers 1 on Private Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Industry Division, 1939-71 [In thousands] Wholesale and retail trade Manufacturing Year and month 1939................................ 1940................................. 1941................................. 1942................................. 1943................................. 1944................................. 1945................................. 1946................................. 1947................................. 1948................................. 1949................................. 1950.................... ........... 1951................................. 1952................................. 1953............................... . 1954................................. 1955................................. 1956................................. 1957................................. 1958................................. 1959............................... _ I960................................. 1961................................. 1962................................. 1963................................. 1964................................. 1965................................. 1966................................. 1967......................... . 1968................................. 1969............................. 1970........... ............. . 1971____ _____________ Total private Mining Contract construc tion Total 2 Durable goods Nondur able goods 3,895 4,477 5; 947 7,589 9,548 7,541 6; 412 7,028 6; 925 6,122 6, 705 7; 480 7,550 8; 154 7,194 7,548 7; 669 7; 550 6; 579 7; 033 7; 028 6; 618 6; 935 7,027 7,213 7, 715 8,370 8,364 8,457 8,651 8,043 7,612 4,423 4,463 5,070 5,407 5,599 5,543 5,468 5,862 5,962 5,986 5,669 5,817 5,888 5,810 5,901 5,623 5,740 5,767 5,638 5,419 5,570 5,559 5,465 5,553 5,527 5,569 5, 719 5,926 5,944 6,056 6,116 5,990 5,875 33,747 34', 489 33,159 34; 349 36| 225 36| 643 37,694 36; 276 37; 500 38,495 38; 384 36,608 38; 080 38,516 37; 989 38; 979 39,553 40,589 42,309 44,281 45,169 46,475 48,105 47,950 47,766 871 906 839 816 840 801 765 686 680 701 695 611 590 570 532 512 498 497 494 487 469 461 472 472 450 1,759 1,924 1,919 2,069 2; 308 2; 324 2; 305 2 ,281 2,440 2; 613 2; 537 2; 384 2; 538 2; 459 2; 390 2; 462 2,523 2,597 2, 710 2,784 2,708 2,768 2,896 2,790 2,704 8,318 8,940 l b 016 12,996 15,147 14,740 13,009 12; 274 12,990 12,910 11,790 12,523 13; 368 13; 359 14,055 12,817 13,288 13; 436 13; 189 11,997 12,603 12; 586 12; 083 12; 488 12,555 12,781 13,434 14,297 14,308 14,514 14,767 14,033 13,487 47,394 47,337 47,673 47,875 47,933 48,586 48,304 48,328 48,347 47,777 47,649 48,196 463 461 462 468 471 485 483 484 477 472 472 471 2,505 2,523 2,607 2,732 2,785 2,935 2,998 3,034 2,936 2,913 2,829 2,682 14,396 14,337 14,377 14,230 14,046 14,233 13,946 14,083 14,201 13,550 13,374 13,617 8,384 8,332 8,384 8,285 8,164 8, 216 7,997 7,961 8,096 7,548 7,425 7,721 46,678 46,505 46,775 47,296 47,708 48,322 47,995 48,180 48,397 48,243 48,384 48,712 461 456 458 467 472 482 460 473 472 374 375 455 2,376 2,301 2,423 2,620 2,717 2,854 2,916 2,949 2,913 2,917 2,849 2,618 13,400 13,378 13,345 13,357 13,441 13,611 13,315 13,524 13,738 13,616 13,605 13,514 7,619 7,591 7,552 7,578 7,634 7,713 7,512 7,514 7,695 7,650 7,660 7,629 - 197 Transpor tation and public utilities Total Whole sale Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate * Services 3,484 3,555 3,632 3,712 3,749 3,852 3,908 3,879 8,241 8,629 8,595 8,742 9,091 9,333 9,510 9,456 9,675 9,933 9,923 9,736 10,087 10,315 10,234 10,400 10,560 10,869 11,358 11,820 12,121 12,528 13,034 13,269 13,466 2,165 2,274 2,267 2,294 2,365 2,439 2,459 2,442 2,479 2,547 2,541 2,477 2,562 2,605 2,584 2,625 2,656 2,719 2,814 2,911 2,971 3,036 3,139 3,212 3,220 6,076 6,355 6,328 6,448 6,726 6,894 7,051 7,014 7,196 7,386 7,382 7,259 7,525 7,710 7,650 7,775 7,904 8,151 8,544 8,909 9,151 9,492 9,895 10,057 10,246 1,460 1,521 1,542 1,591 1,649 1,711 1,771 1,837 1,920 1,994 2,031 2,063 2,121 2,181 2,225 2,274 2,329 2,386 2,426 2,476 2,566 2,687 2,835 2,919 2,988 7,974 8,331 8,786 9,284 9,768 10,250 10,559 10,792 6,012 6,005 5,993 5,945 5,882 6,017 5,949 6,122 6,105 6,002 5,949 5,896 3,859 3,843 3,861 3,842 3,875 3,966 4,000 3,982 3,967 3,928 3,917 3,852 13,049 12,952 13,042 13,151 13,208 13,321 13,244 13,185 13,236 13,337 13,483 14,025 3,174 3,167 3,172 3,174 3,180 3,234 3,257 3,243 3,225 3, 240 3,239 3,243 9,875 9,785 9,870 9,977 10,028 10,087 9,987 9,942 10,011 10,097 10,244 10,782 2,867 2,870 2,889 2,903 2,914 2,950 2,978 2,969 2,928 2,919 2,921 2,923 10,255 10,351 10,435 10,549 10,634 10,696 10,655 10,591 10,602 10,658 10,653 10,626 5,781 5,787 5,793 5,779 5,807 5,898 5,803 6,010 6,043 5,966 5,945 5,885 3,834 3,853 3,865 3,865 3,894 3,944 3,926 3,890 3,906 3,851 3,846 3,868 13,180 13,034 13,104 13,277 13,375 13,486 13,427 13,443 13,513 13,598 13,801 14,350 3,184 3,170 3,177 3,176 3,190 3,223 3,239 3,250 3,238 3,254 3, 262 3,272 9,996 9,864 9,927 10,101 10,185 10,263 10,188 10,193 10,275 10,344 10,539 11,078 2,911 2,915 2,930 2,954 2,974 3,027 3,052 3,048 3,012 3,009 3,015 3,014 10,516 10,568 10,650 10,756 10,835 10,918 10,899 10,853 10,843 10,878 10,893 10,893 1970 January........................ F e b r u a r y ..._________ March_______________ A p ril_______ _________ M ay_________________ June_________________ J u ly-------------------------A ugust------- --------------September___________ October____ __________ N ovem ber___________ Decem ber................ . 1971 January______________ February____________ March_______________ A pril---------- --------------M ay.......... .............. ....... June_________________ J u ly__________________ A ugust.............. ............ September___________ October_____ _________ N ovem ber___________ Decem ber..................... 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing: to con struction workers in contract construction: and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insur ance, and real estate; and services. 2 Prior data are as follows: 1934.. 6 , 1929... 8,567 1923... 8,388 1909... 6,272 1935. - 7, 1914... 6,624 1924... 7,789 1930... 7,464 1925. . 8,061 1936..- 8, 1919. . 8,617 1931. . 6,301 1932. . 8,652 8,214 . 5,351 1920. 1926... 1937. - 8, 1938. - 7, 1921. . 6,622 1933. . 5,924 1927. . 8,037 1922. . 7,327 1928. . 8,051 92 * Excludes nonoffice salesmen. N o te : Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959. T A B L E 41. Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajor Industry Group, 1929-71 [In thousands] Durable goods Year and month Total 1929____ ______________________ 1930__________________________ 1931__________________________ 1932____ _____________________ 1933__________________________ 1934__________________________ 1935__________________________ 1936__________________________ 1937_____ _____________________ 1938__________________________ 1939______ ____________________ 1940__________________________ 1941____ ______________________ 1942__________________________ 1943______ ___________ ________ 1 9 4 4 ....______________________ 1945__________________________ 1946__________________________ 1947______ ____________________ 1948__________________________ 1949..____ ____________________ 1950__________________________ 1951___________ ____ __________ 1952__________________________ 1953__________________________ 1954__________________________ 1955_____ __________ __________ 1956__________________________ 1957_____ _____________________ 1958______ ____________________ 1959_________ ______________ 1960__________________________ 1961______ ___________________ 1962____ ______________________ 1963______ ___________________ 1964______________ ___________ 1 9 6 5 ............. ............................ 1966............................................... 1967____________ _____________ 1968______ ________ _________ 1969.______ ___________________ 1970__________________________ 1971_____ __________________ Machin Electrical Transpor Instru Fabri Stone, Miscel ery, cated equip tation ments laneous Ordnance Lumber Furniture clay, and Primary except ment metal equip metal and and ac and wood glass and manu and ment related cessories products fixtures products industries products electrical facturing supplies products industries 3,895 4,477 5,947 7,589 9^548 9,197 7,541 6’ 412 7,028 6,925 9 17 55 274 412 309 6,122 20 296 304 274 317 307.1 305.6 315.9 287.7 307.0 315.5 313.0 298.7 321.0 318.5 303.9 319.6 324.1 337.0 357.4 382.5 374.9 3S9.5 401.6 379.0 377.8 353 301 240 176 186 232 251 288 324 275 312 328 396 405 397 363 353 437 471 479 443 473 507.1 479.8 493.6 464.3 495.6 507.0 492.8 457.9 496.2 491.8 469.4 477.7 483.9 493.8 504.6 517.3 499.9 509.0 526.4 507.4 498.8 202 23 22 968 1,075 1,175.1 1,084. 7 1,172.6 1,017.9 1,115.8 1,131.6 1,117.9 928.0 953.8 993.8 914.6 937.3 947.4 1,003.6 1,062.0 1,099.9 1,060.1 1,046.3 1,087.0 1,042.6 965.0 327 375 520 638 842 878 751 704 810 761 638 770 865.8 909.1 1,028. 6 883.8 924.2 975.4 958.7 857.3 969.4 996.3 979.4 1,050. 7 1,034.3 1,036. 5 1,140.5 1,325.3 1,322.2 1,319.1 1,345. 5 1,267.9 1,189.3 545 718 1,131 1,953 3,112 3,039 2,079 826 809 714 812 883.0 859.4 937.4 851.1 897.8 900.7 913.2 824.5 868.5 874.3 826.0 863.7 881.6 914.3 982.7 1,051.9 1,053. 5 1,071.8 1,108. 5 1,050.7 1, 012.3 450 550 780 1,052 1,253 1,213 1,042 971 1,087 1,074 900 929 1,129. 7 1,163.9 1,182.9 1,046.2 1,069.2 1,158. 5 1,143.1 945.5 1,027.2 1,035.9 976.4 1,037.8 1,059.2 1, 120.4 1,214.8 1,343.6 1,368.8 1,342.5 1,382.2 1,319. 4 1,169.9 1,039 1,027 976 1,029 1,213.1 1,331.4 1, 542.9 1,331.4 1,414.1 1,364.3 1,395.0 1, 120. 6 1,163.4 1,107.4 992.7 1,059.9 1,112.3 1,119. 6 1,240. 7 1,365.5 1,371.4 1,441.1 1,453. 2 1,246.0 1,237. 8 213 205 181 189 222.3 233.2 249.8 231.0 229.6 236.1 233.1 214.8 230.3 232.6 223.1 229.1 232.3 234.0 248.1 274.7 281.8 284.9 293.9 276.7 257.2 367 365 327 344 346.1 332.5 356.7 326.6 330.4 333.1 315.3 299.5 312.9 314.3 303.5 313.2 310.4 317.9 335.5 346.1 338.3 340.3 344.6 328.8 317.6 1,093.3 1,081.0 1,075.6 1,066.0 1,049.4 1,063.4 1,034.6 1,051.8 1,069.2 1,007.5 992.7 1,024.1 1,393.8 1,404.6 1,406.2 1,386.1 1,353.6 1,344.7 1,318.7 1,285. 5 1,282. 5 1,230.9 1,213.4 1,212. 5 1,264.4 1,325.9 1,319.5 1,301.2 1,279.8 1,284.8 1,267.4 1,269.3 1,269.3 1,230.1 1,197. 9 1,205.3 1,390.3 1,295.9 1,365. 7 1,340. 5 1,315.1 1,313.4 1,225. 7 1,181.0 1,298.1 989.2 976.1 1,260.9 287.5 287.0 287.6 285.8 282.0 279.7 274.1 273.3 271.4 266.0 263.5 262.4 324.2 326.2 328.0 325.8 326.7 331.4 318.3 336.3 339.5 339.2 333.4 316.6 1,004.7 1,198.1 1,195.0 1,187.2 1,174.1 1,162. 5 1,163.8 1,150. 8 1,146. 5 1,170. 5 1,158.4 1,162.1 1,169.5 1,185.0 1,174.9 1,167.9 1,163. 9 1,167. 7 1,175.0 1,153.1 1,171.0 1,199. 5 1,197.0 1,204.6 1,204. 0 1,258. 5 1,245.6 1,236.9 1,227.2 1,251.9 1,258. 4 1,181.2 1,188. 7 1,264.0 1,246.1 1,249.7 1,245.1 • 259.4 255.9 254.1 252.0 253.5 256.5 255.4 257.0 260.1 260.8 261.4 260.5 300.0 302.9 305.2 309.1 313.6 320.4 309.9 328.6 334.8 336.5 332.3 316.6 1,114 6,705 7,480 7,550 8,154 7,194 7,548 7,669 7,550 6,579 7,033 7,028 6,618 6,935 7,027 7,213 7,715 8,370 8,364 8,457 8,651 8,043 7,612 23 59.3 130.2 173.6 113.1 91.7 84.9 80.4 82.4 98.0 101.9 119.3 115.2 104.1 96.1 127.3 174.1 191.7 181.8 131.4 96.2 783 757 680 745 771.2 719.9 699.9 640.4 672.3 661.8 588.0 549.4 592.2 561.1 518.4 526.7 526.6 531.6 532.4 536.4 518.7 520.8 526.3 492.7 499.5 1970 January............................ .......... February_____ _______________ March________________________ A pril........................................... M ay------------------- ------------------ June.................................... ......... J u ly__________________________ A ugust_______________________ Septem ber_____________ ______ October........................................ N ovem ber___________________ Decem ber.................................. 8,384 8,332 8,384 8,285 8,164 8,216 7,997 7,961 8,096 7,548 7,425 7,721 154.1 151.1 145.6 137.3 135.0 132.3 126.3 124.6 124.6 118.1 115.7 111.9 496.3 490.8 490.9 487.4 491.7 507.9 500.7 503.1 497.6 490.1 482.3 473.2 394.1 388.7 387.7 381.5 370.6 373.1 365.8 376.6 380.1 378.5 377.8 373.8 500.6 501.3 504.1 508.4 506.4 519.1 514.4 518.2 517.6 506.8 499.2 493.0 1,084.9 1,079.1 1,073.1 1,064.8 1,053.8 1,065.8 1,051.2 1,041.2 1,046.1 991.2 972.5 986.9 1971 January................................ ....... February.............. ...................... March_______________ _______ A p ril-------------------------------------M ay__________________________ June............... ................ .......... J u ly _________ ________________ A ugust......................................... S ep tem b er................................. October......... ................ .............. N ovem ber______ _____________ Decem ber___________ _________ 7,619 7,591 7,552 7,578 7,634 7,713 7,512 7,614 7,695 7,650 7,660 7,629 108.5 465.6 471.7 475.7 477.7 488.1 513.9 516.3 520.7 519.8 519.9 516.0 508.4 369.5 367.3 367.4 367.6 370.9 377.9 370.8 377.5 385.7 389.9 393.2 395.4 477.8 476.2 480.3 493.2 500.0 510.8 507.6 512.6 513.1 508.4 507.2 498.1 992.0 998.1 1,004.3 1,012.7 1,018.2 1,019.0 975.5 904.9 919.0 910.5 910.5 915.8 23 110.6 102.8 99.0 95.9 97.1 94.6 92.4 93.1 94.0 93.3 92.8 91.3 1,121 1, 000.8 973.9 1,005.0 1,010.9 1,023.0 998.5 1,012.9 1,034. 4 1,029.6 1,030.6 1,023.8 1,000 93 T A B L E 41. Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajor Industry Group, 1 9 2 9 -7 1 — Continued [In thousands] Nondurable goods Year and month Total 1929.. 1930.. 1931.. 1932.. 1933.. 1934.. 1935.. 1936.. 1937.. 1938.. 1939.. 1940.. 1941.. 1942.. 1943.. 1944.. 1945.. 1946.. 1947.. 1948.. 1949.. 1950.. 1951.. 1952.. 1953.. 1954.. 1955.. 1956.. 1957.. 1958. 1959.. 1960.. 1961.. 1962.. 1963.. 1964.. 1965.. 1966.. 1967.. 1968.. 1969.. 1970.. 1971.. Food and kindred products Tobacco manu factures 835 811 718 1,145 991 925 827 993 1,040 l ' 089 666 4,423 4,463 5,070 5,407 5,599 5,543 5,468 5,862 5,962 5,986 5,669 5,817 5,888 5,810 5,901 5,623 5,740 5,767 5,638 5,419 5,570 5,559 5,465 5,553 5,527 5,569 5, 719 5,926 5,944 6,056 6,116 5,990 5,875 754 895 902 949 1,005 '966 989 1,003 1, 111 1,260 1,347 1,387 1,380 1,415 1,395 1,374 1,341 1,331 1,338.4 1,330.9 1,329.7 1,296.6 1,291.7 1,302.1 1,263.2 1, 222.0 1, 222.1 1, 211.8 1,191.1 1,178.4 1,167.1 1,157.3 1,159.1 1,180.0 1,187.3 1,191.6 1, 201.8 1,199.3 1,179.7 Textile mill products 1,112 l ' 159 995 1,108 1,090 1,251 1,265 1,228 1,133 1,074 1,190 110 1,220 106 60.6 1,248 1,103 1,169 1,146.2 1,073.2 1,063.9 953.2 961.6 944.3 893.3 832.5 857.4 835.1 805.0 812.1 793.4 798.2 826.7 858.8 850.2 880.7 883.9 857.6 843.5 68.6 66.0 876.1 869.9 62.6 868.0 866.1 101 95 96.0 97.2 95.7 95.2 94.4 90.1 85.3 84.1 83.9 83.3 79.6 78.7 76.6 78.4 74.8 71.8 73.9 72.0 69.5 68.1 Apparel and other textile products Paper Chemicals R ubber Printing and and Petroleum and and allied allied and coal plastics products publishing products products products, nec. 995 973 1,047 1,047 1,073 1,053 1,080 1,081.3 1,087.2 1,114.8 1,053.4 1,086.4 1,088.1 1,072.0 1,039.5 1,091.4 1,098.2 1,079.6 1,122.9 1,138.0 1,158.3 1,205.6 1,245.7 1,237.2 1,240.1 1,238.1 1, 202.6 1,190.8 235 224 195 177 194 223 231 241 262 245 266 278 318 326 346 345 345 393 406 408 390 416 435.1 421.9 442.9 440.8 453.5 464.5 463.4 454.1 471.8 479.7 478.0 486.0 486.4 488.8 497.7 518.2 526.3 536.2 550.5 543.8 525.9 1,209.3 1,223.5 1,220.4 550.3 547.8 548.4 686.1 643 594 565 503 550 612 680 733 742 714 814 819 937 987 1,022 Leather and leather products 116.2 116.1 132 142 178 183 229 241 235 260 263 253 226 252 270.5 269.9 287.8 256.7 288.3 290.7 290.1 264.4 289.8 292.8 288.3 316.5 322.7 336.3 365.9 397.8 397.0 434.6 461.7 443.1 448.0 335 310 287 277 297 320 327 333 349 331 349 337 378 379 351 328 324 372 374 369 348 355 340.8 344.4 348.7 332.5 344.0 340.9 331.0 318.2 332.9 320.9 316.4 318.9 307 8 305.5 310.0 318.5 303.7 306.2 294.4 274.9 262.3 113.9 114.0 114.9 462.6 457.7 455.3 283.7 281.6 278.1 320 321 339 350 369 371 381 445 487 494 488 494 504.5 509.7 522.0 524.9 539.0 559.6 563.7 563.2 575.1 588.9 591.7 594.5 590.3 602.1 620.6 646.4 661.6 666.9 681.7 681.4 664.6 252 274 348 435 480 512 518 482 488 485 449 461 502.5 506.1 522.9 503.0 518.1 525.7 519.7 493.7 505.6 509.9 505.0 519.3 525.3 529.4 546.1 574.3 592.3 610.0 621.9 602.7 583.1 100 610.8 610.8 612.3 105 114 124 130 142 149 161 170 175 169 165 172.5 168.9 173.2 166.9 163.2 161.2 156.6 146.9 139.9 137.9 129.9 125.5 119.9 114.2 112.9 114.7 114.7 118.1 112.2 1970 6,012 January___ F e b ru a ry ... March.......... A pril............ M ay_______ June............. July............. A ugust........ Septem ber. O ctober___ N ovem ber.. D ecem b er.. 6,005 5,993 5 ,9 4 5 5,882 6,017 5,949 6,122 6,105 6,002 5,949 5,896 1,150.4 1,146.4 1,144.2 1 , 1 29 .7 1 , 2 0 0 .4 687.2 689.0 5 4 7 .6 6 8 6 .7 6 1 1 .6 1 1 5 .4 859.4 863.6 842.0 855.5 854.7 846.0 845.1 844.3 1,190.2 1,216.2 1,166.3 1,208.8 1,209.5 1,198.2 1,198.4 1,190.4 542.9 553.5 542.3 544.7 542.7 532.4 537.7 535.7 603.8 604.0 604.1 604.5 600.5 594.9 589.3 586.0 2 7 5 .6 59.7 60.4 60.5 78.2 79.5 78.1 72.6 70.8 678.9 679.5 676.2 675.9 680.3 677.7 678.2 681.4 4 5 1 .8 1,141.2 1,194.0 1, 221.0 1,315.6 1,306.6 1,256.3 1,210.9 1,174.9 116.5 414.1 443.1 442.0 442.9 445.6 435.3 433.8 433.5 275.6 282.9 274.3 276.1 269.5 267.9 268.4 265.6 1,124.2 1,110.5 1,108.0 1,103.9 1, 120.8 1,169.9 1,213.3 1,302.4 1,306.0 1,231.8 1,201.7 1,163.7 64.8 62.6 57.4 56.8 55.9 55.9 48.6 64.0 70.3 66.4 63.4 60.5 837.8 836.6 836.4 836.5 840.3 850.4 830.9 846.4 846.4 847.4 855.2 858.0 1,171.2 1,191.8 1,204.6 1,192.2 1,200.4 1,201. 5 1,134.6 1,194.5 1, 202.0 1,206.2 1,207.2 1,183.5 527.1 523.6 521.5 521.8 514.3 528.3 516.0 526.5 535.2 531.2 532.6 532.6 668.6 669.3 669.1 665.6 663.9 665.5 658.0 656.4 661.0 664.9 665.0 667.8 582.0 584.0 585.0 587.9 587.4 589.2 583.5 582.1 581.0 578.9 578.1 577.6 112.4 112.5 113.2 114.3 116.1 118.9 428.8 432.7 437.3 439.4 444.4 449.8 443.3 449.9 461.8 463.0 462.8 462.8 263.8 262.9 260.5 260.7 263.5 268.6 254.7 267.8 260.3 259.0 263.3 263.0 6 0 .1 120.2 120.5 119.6 116.1 115.4 114.6 113.3 1971 January___ F eb ru a ry ... March.......... A pril______ M ay............. June............ J u ly............. A ugust........ Septem ber. O ctober___ N ovem ber.. D ecem b er.. 5,781 5,787 5,793 5,779 5,807 5,898 5,803 6,010 6,043 5,966 5,945 5,885 N o te : Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959. 94 120.2 119.7 118.6 116.8 115.4 115.1 T A B L E 42. Nonproduction Worker Employment and Ratios of Nonproduction Worker Employment to Total Employment/ by M ajor Manufacturing Industry Group, 1939-71 Durable goods Year and month Manufac turing 1 Total Ord nance and acces sories Stone, Lum ber Furniture clay, and and glass and wood products fixtures products Primary metal indus tries Machin Fabri Elec Transpor Instru Miscel trical cated tation ments ery, laneous metal except equip equip and manufac products electrical ment and ment related turing supplies products industries N onproduction workers (in thousands) 1939............... ............ 1940_______________ 1941............................ 1942........................... 1943............................ 1944................. .......... 1945............................ 1946_______________ 1947............... ............ 1948_______________ 1 94 9 ................ ......... 1 9 5 0 ......................... 1951............................ 1952........................... 1953............................ 1954............................ 1955............................ 1956........_.................. 1957................. .......... 1958........................... 1959............................ 1960______ _______.. 1 96 1 ...____ ________ 1962______ _________ 1963............................ 1964________ _______ 1965............................ 1966............................ 1967............................ 1968............................ 1969........ ......... ......... 1970............................ 1 9 7 1 ..................... 820 2 886 1,021 5 16 55 74 59 43 7 5 5 1,960 2,045 2,176 2,284 2,455 2,588 2,515 2,429 2,555 2,672 2,651 2,718 3,025 3,273 3,494 3,497 3,594 3,807 3,985 3,948 4,072 4,210 4,243 4,365 4,440 4,493 4,628 4,917 * 5,139 5,267 5,400 5,336 5,123 1^234 1,536 1,659 l ’ 533 1,330 li357 1,401 1,367 1,389 1,609 1,799 1,956 1,935 1,993 2,165 2,306 2,251 2,340 2,431 2,452 2,545 2,589 2,603 2,691 2,914 3,075 3,169 3,244 3,155 2,978 5,418 5,420 5,405 5,384 5,367 5,371 5,360 5,336 5,280 5,263 5, 229 5,206 3,246 3,244 3,228 3,207 3,187 3,173 3,160 3,134 3,100 3,086 3,060 3,042 122.2 5,179 5,154 5,143 5,125 5,113 5,135 5,133 5,127 5,102 5,093 5,088 5,081 3,027 3,006 2,998 2,984 2,973 2,981 2,975 2,971 2,962 2,955 2,952 2,946 57 59 60 55 49 50 55 61 62 61 61 63 69.0 70.5 70.8 67.5 67.3 69.1 67.3 65.6 66 123.7 126.9 128.4 126.5 130.0 131.1 129.7 165 169 166 172 189.2 197.4 210.5 201.4 206.7 223.7 237.4 225.5 228.8 237.4 228.1 228.3 224.8 229.6 239.0 250.8 262.0 269.2 273.8 272.2 259.6 163 170 167 170 194.8 205.0 219.0 218.8 224.6 239.7 254.1 252.4 254.0 261.0 258.5 264.0 268.5 275.4 286.3 299.4 309.6 318.6 331.9 329.2 319.6 138 151 179 213 247 249 265 284 288 298 282 281 326.9 353.5 371.5 371.5 379.3 413.1 442.8 416.9 424.9 443.1 442.2 455.4 470.1 489.2 520.5 566.4 600.8 623.4 650.4 657.5 621.1 114 119 137 150 173 209 228 215 225 230 224 100 247.8 275.9 304.7 306.6 316.6 347.7 385.1 391.7 427.0 470.8 493.9 516.3 519.6 507.3 518. 7 583.5 636.7 655.4 674.4 655.0 607.5 116 166 306 554 643 469 250 236 243 234 236 302.0 371.8 426.2 422.7 440.5 488.2 514.1 474.0 471.6 461.5 455.9 487.1 497.4 484.7 499.9 552.2 577.1 597.5 607.3 560.8 513.6 54 57 58 61 72.0 79.3 87.3 90.2 93.6 101.7 109.0 109.0 115.0 121. 7 124.3 129.6 132. 5 135.9 140.9 156.2 169.0 177.0 182.7 181.9 174.8 54 57 58 56 59.9 61.2 64.2 64.1 65.8 69.9 71.9 73.5 74.8 75.6 74.7 76.4 76.4 79.7 84.0 87.6 90.1 93.1 96.4 96.9 93.1 72.6 74.5 77.9 78.1 79.3 80.4 79.8 80.3 40 42 43 47 50.1 51.5 54.0 54.2 56.8 60.0 61.3 62.1 64.0 64.5 63.6 65.5 65.8 68.9 73.3 79.0 80.5 82.1 82.3 80.9 81.3 81.9 81 7 81.2 81.4 80.9 80.8 80.2 80.4 80.1 80.8 80.5 80.0 132.4 132.5 131.8 131.8 132.1 131.8 130.3 131.9 130.7 130.0 128.9 128.5 273.9 275.9 274.2 273.8 274.4 274.3 274.1 273.8 271.0 269.3 266.5 265.3 335.2 335.0 335.4 330.6 329.9 331.1 329.7 327.0 325.7 326.1 323.0 321.0 663.4 110.7 109.7 107.7 105.1 103.8 102.5 101.3 80.9 80.6 79.8 79.9 79.5 80.4 80.0 79.7 79.5 79.4 78.6 79.2 669.2 670.0 667.8 667.4 663.6 659.6 646.2 643.7 638.2 634.4 681.8 681.8 677.1 670.5 664.4 657.5 654.1 646.2 640.3 633.3 629.0 623.4 593.2 590.2 581.1 572.6 565.5 559.6 557.9 548.6 544.0 542.5 537.1 537.1 184.9 184.1 183.4 183.0 183.0 182.5 183.0 182.6 180.3 180.1 178.9 177.1 96.4 96.6 96.8 97.5 97.5 97.1 96.7 97,0 97.1 97.8 97.3 95.4 100.7 97.9 96.7 96.9 97.1 98.1 97.5 96.8 96.2 95.0 94.5 94.2 78.9 79.0 78.5 78.7 78.8 79.4 80.1 81.6 81.7 81.9 82.1 83.4 79.9 80.0 80.0 80.5 80.4 81.4 81.3 81.6 82.6 82.9 82.6 82.9 128.3 128.6 128.6 129.6 130.1 130.9 131.0 131.2 130.9 129.3 129.1 129.2 263.3 262.3 261.4 260.6 260.6 264.1 263.4 259.2 257.0 254.9 254.7 252.8 320.7 320.4 317.1 318.3 317.6 320.6 320.9 319.5 319.7 319.6 320.1 319.6 629.1 624.3 625.0 622.6 621.8 620.8 621.6 621.1 617.9 616.0 616.8 616.7 616.9 615.4 613.3 608.9 607.8 605.6 605.6 606.2 603.7 603.2 602.1 601.8 538.2 530.5 528.5 521.5 512.1 512.3 507.5 505.9 504.7 503.3 500.9 498.2 176.7 174.4 174.4 173.4 174.1 174.4 174.8 175.4 174.7 175.4 175.3 174.8 93.7 92.9 94.3 92.6 92.6 92.9 92.2 92.8 93.3 93.1 93.5 93.2 6 7 17.7 48.5 60.7 50.2 49.5 53.6 59.8 75.7 105.5 118.1 133.6 145.1 150.3 139.8 129.7 133.6 143.1 146.3 134.4 110.7 96.8 66.6 65.7 64.5 62.6 66.0 70 71 74 79.9 84.2 87.7 88.3 92.8 98.3 102.6 104.5 107.8 112.2 112.6 114.6 116.9 120.0 221 1970 J a n a u ry .................February _ ......... * M a rch ............. ........ A pril...................... . M ay........................... J u n e.................. . July..................... A ugust_____ . . . -----S e p t e m b e r ..-..----O ctober______ - ____ N ovem b er........----Decem ber___ - - - - - - 119.6 117.9 115.8 112.1 666.6 1971 January----------------February__________ M a r c h . . . . . . . ........... A p ril_________ ____ M ay......... ................. Ju n e...... .................. July______ ________ A ugust-----------------Septem ber________ O c t o b e r ..- ._______ N o v e m b e r .............. Decem ber_________ See footnotes at end of table. 95 T A B L E 42. Nonproduction Worker Employment and Ratios of Nonproduction Worker Employment to Total Employment, by M ajor Manufacturing Industry Group, 1 9 3 9 -7 1 — Continued Durable goods Year and month Manufac turing * Total Ord nance and acces sories Lum ber Stone, and Furniture clay, and glass wood and products fixtures products Primary metal indus tries Machin Fabri Elec Transpor Instru ery, cated trical tation ments except metal equip equip and products electrical ment and ment related supplies products Miscel laneous manufac turing in dustries N onproduction workers as percent of total em ploym ent 1939............................ 1940........................... 1941............................ 194 2 .......................... 1 9 4 3 ......................... 1944............................ 1945........ ................... 1946............................ 1947............. ............. 1948............................ 1949............................ 1950............................ 1951............................ 1952............................ 1953............................ 1954............................ 1955............................ 1956............................ 1957............................ 1958............................ 1959............................ 1960........................... 1961............................ 1962........ .................. 1 9 6 3 ......................... 1964............................ 1965............................ 1966............... 1967................. .......... 1968............................ 1969............... ............ 1970................... ......... 1971.......................... 19.1 18.6 16.5 14.9 13.9 14.9 16.2 16.5 16.4 17.1 18.4 17.8 18.5 19.7 19.9 17.4 16.5 14.7 14.0 13.9 15.3 16 9 17.2 16.2 16.8 16.3 17.2 17.7 19.2 19.3 21.1 21.2 21.3 20.9 18.2 22.7 22.5 16.7 15.2 16.0 17.6 23.3 18.5 17.9 23.1 23,3 23.0 27,1 26.9 30.7 35.1 38.7 42.7 47.9 51.8 53.7 54.7 54,9 56.6 57.3 57.4 51.2 45.1 43.3 42.5 45.7 50.2 22.1 22.0 23.2 24.8 24.4 25.1 26.0 25.9 26.1 26.0 25.6 25.6 26.4 26.6 26.8 27.5 27.5 23.4 25.5 25.0 25.7 27.0 26.8 26.9 26.5 25.9 25.8 26.9 27.3 27.3 28.2 28.1 27.3 27.4 27.3 27.4 27.6 27.4 27.8 27.5 27.1 28.0 27.9 28.0 27.8 27.9 28.1 27.9 28.3 28.2 27.7 29.0 2 8 .1 2 9 .2 27.7 28.3 44.2 44.2 44.7 45.8 45.4 45.6 46.5 46.4 45.8 46.8 47.0 47.5 27.9 27.8 27.8 27.7 27.6 27.4 27.8 27.5 27.1 27.2 27.2 27.3 28.4 28.4 28.4 28.3 28.0 27.9 28.4 28.3 27.8 27.9 27.8 27.9 48.1 48.8 49.4 50.3 50.0 50.9 51.3 51.0 50.6 50.5 50.5 50.8 23.5 21.5 18.7 16.8 16.5 17.0 20.3 22.7 22.9 23.0 23.9 24.0 20.9 21.7 23.9 23.2 22.4 23.3 23.9 26.2 26.2 26.3 27.9 30.6 29.3 30.0 31.2 30.5 30.7 30.4 30.0 29.7 30.5 31.7 32.0 33.3 34.7 25.9 24.1 20.9 19.0 17.0 19.2 23.3 23.4 21.7 23.2 26.0 22.3 22.3 23.3 22.9 25.8 25.5 26.3 28.7 31.4 30.6 32.1 33.5 32.9 33.4 32.9 31.3 30.6 32.5 33.2 33.4 34.1 34.0 23.5 23.7 23.8 23.7 23.9 23.7 24.2 23.7 23.3 24.5 24.5 23.9 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.6 33.0 33.2 33.5 33.9 33.5 34.3 34.5 34.3 35.0 34.0 33.9 34.0 34.2 33.9 34.0 33.7 33.5 34.0 34.4 34.1 29.9 31.3 29.8 29.9 30.1 29.9 31.3 31.7 29.5 35.4 29.9 39.1 39.1 38.9 39.0 39.4 39.5 40.0 40.1 39.9 40.4 40.4 40.3 24.2 24.3 24.6 24.1 23.9 23.9 24.3 24.0 23.6 23.7 23.7 23.8 34.4 34.3 34.5 34.7 34.8 34.8 35.1 35.1 34.6 34.7 34.7 34.5 34.2 34.4 34.4 34.3 34.2 34.0 34.4 34.1 33.5 33.5 33.3 33.3 30.0 29.9 29.9 29.8 29.0 28.9 30.1 29.9 28.5 28.8 28.6 28.6 40.5 40.5 40.7 40.8 40.7 40.5 40.6 40.6 40.2 40.2 40.1 40.2 15.4 15.2 13.2 12.0 11.0 12.1 13.5 22.6 12.2 11.9 12.3 12.1 12.8 12.3 12.7 13.1 13.2 13,3 13.9 13.8 13.6 12.9 14.0 14.4 14.6 15.9 15.6 16.0 16.4 17.2 16.6 16.8 17.3 17.0 16.9 17.0 17.0 17.1 17.7 17.4 17.0 17.6 17.7 13.8 13.5 13.6 14.9 15.1 16.0 15.8 16.2 17.2 18.6 17.8 18.6 19.3 19.3 19.5 19.6 19.7 19.7 20.4 19.9 19.8 20.5 14.0 14.1 14.0 14,1 13.9 13.7 13.8 13.7 13.8 13.9 14.0 14.8 17.2 17.4 17.3 17.6 17.9 17.8 18.0 17.6 17.4 17.6 17.6 17.6 20.9 20.9 20.7 20.3 20.8 20.6 20.4 20.5 20.7 21.4 21.5 14.5 14.3 14.2 14,1 13.9 13.4 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.6 13,7 14.1 17.8 17.9 17.9 18.0 17.8 17.7 18.0 17.8 17.6 17.5 17.4 17.3 21.2 21.0 20.8 7.3 7.5 8.2 7.8 8.2 8.9 9.2 9.5 9.1 9.5 10.3 10.7 10.1 10.5 11.1 10.6 11.1 12.0 20.6 12.9 13.1 14.6 13.8 13.9 15.4 15.2 16.5 15.6 16.5 17.5 19,5 19.3 19.3 20.0 19,6 19.2 18.6 18.4 18.6 19.8 20.5 20.1 20.7 21.2 16,5 17.4 19.0 17.3 18.1 19.3 18.9 20.5 20.0 21.0 21.8 23.4 22.6 23.0 23.8 23.4 23.3 23.1 22.6 22.2 15.5 13.9 12.8 13.5 15.1 17.5 18.4 20.0 18.5 19.1 19.3 18.7 19.9 21.8 21.6 24.1 23.8 26.4 26.9 29.7 28.8 29.4 31.5 31.5 30.9 30.2 28.7 28.8 29.6 29.3 29.5 31.0 29.3 20.2 21.8 24.3 24.4 24.5 25.4 25.9 28.1 29.0 30.1 31.9 33.7 33.3 34.3 35.8 36.1 36.3 36.7 36.2 36.2 37.5 38.3 38.3 39.7 40.5 12.8 13.5 15.1 14.0 14.8 15.5 15.3 16.4 16.6 17.3 18.6 19.7 19.3 19.4 19.8 19.6 19.8 20.0 20.0 20.2 21.0 21.5 21.9 22.8 22.7 mo January............. — February.............. .. March...................... A pril_______ _______ M ay...............- ........... June------- -------------July.................... . A ugust............... — September................ October...... ............. N ovem ber................ Decem ber................. 20.6 20.7 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.2 20.4 20.4 20.5 20.7 20.5 20.7 21.2 3 5 .5 22.9 22.8 22.8 23.0 23.0 22.7 23.3 22.4 2 2 .2 22.4 2 2 .6 23.2 m i January...................February...........— March______ _______ A pril................. ......... M ay........................... J u n e ............. ............ July....... — ............ A ugust------ -----------September_________ October..................... N ovem ber.............. . December..........— See footn otes at en d o f table. 96 21.3 21.1 20.8 20.6 20.7 20.5 20.4 20.4 20.5 20.4 20.3 20.3 20.3 20.6 20.6 21.6 21.3 22.3 21.9 21.9 21.9 23.8 23.5 23.6 23.1 22.8 22.5 22.9 22.0 21.8 21.7 22.0 22.7 T A B L E 42. Nonproduction Worker Employment and Ratios of Nonproduction Worker Employment Jo Totai Employment, by M ajor Manufacturing Industry Group, 1939^71 — Continued Nondurable goods Year and month Total Food and Tobacco kindred manu products factures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper Printing and and allied products publishing Chemi cals and allied products R ubber and Petroleum and coal plastics products products, nec. Leather and leather products Nonproduction workers (in thousands) 1939..............— ....................... ........... 1940....................................... .................. 1941................................... ................... 1942............... ............. . ...... 1943___ _________ __________________ 1944_______ __________ ______ 1945...... ............................ .................. 1946____________ ___________________ 1947.............................. ........... ................ 1948.............................. ........................... 1949................- ..................................... . 1950............................................ .............. 1951............................. ........................ . 1952.............................. ............................ 1953_____________ __________________ 1954...... , ..................... ..................... 1955....................................................... . 1956............................... ..................... . 1 9 5 7 .- ..................................................... 1958___________________ _____________ 1959_______ _______ ________ ________ 1960_____ ___________________ ______ 1961________ ____ __________________ 1962_____ _________ ________________ 1963.......................................................... 1964____ ____________________________ 1965........................................................... 1966............................................................ 1967............................................................ 1968............................................................ 1969................................ ........................ . 1970............ .............................. ............... 1971..................... ........... ....................... . 1,141 i; 159 1,155 l ’ 051 '919 929 982 1,100 1' 197 1,270 1,284 1,330 1,416 1,474 1,537 1,562 1,600 1,642 1,681 1,697 1,733 1,777 1,791 1,820 1,853 1,889 1,937 2,004 2,064 2,099 2,156 2,181 2,145 404 411 403 357 302 298 311 352 404 427 437 459 484.8 496.9 509.2 521.7 533.0 539.8 542.2 550.8 567.5 578.2 584.1 584.6 584.9 593.1 597.6 597.2 599.0 589.9 589.0 582.4 573.8 8 8 8 8 8.1 8.4 7.9 8.1 8.1 9.5 11.7 10.4 10.6 10.7 11.1 11.8 12.0 11.8 12.0 12.5 12.6 12.6 13.5 13.6 13.0 mo January........ .............. ........................... February____ _______________________ March........ .............................................. A pril..................... .................................... M ay............. ............................................ June.................................................... . J u ly_________ _______________________ A ugust........................................... .......... September_______ _________________ O ctober................................................. . N ovem ber................................ ........... Decem ber................... ................. ........... mi January............................... ............. . February............. ..................... .............. March................... .................................... A p ril......................... ....................... M ay________________________________ June____ ____________________________ J uly____ ____________________________ A ugust........ ...................................... ....... September........................ ....................... O ctober_____________________________ N ovem ber_______ ___________________ D ecem ber. .................................... ....... 85 87 85 77 67 64 65 74 79 84 84 87 91.5 90r2 90.9 89.1 88.6 87.7 87.8 86.3 88.3 89.3 88.4 90.2 92.0 93.8 98.9 104.7 108.3 113.2 118.6 120.0 118.2 110 110 125.9 129.2 133.2 130.2 132.8 135.3 138.1 132.3 134.5 135.0 134.9 140.8 144.8 144.2 148.6 156.2 160.3 165.7 171.0 169.6 170.7 115.4 121.4 123.3 128.4 132.1 136.7 141.4 148.7 152.8 155.0 160.6 162.7 161.6 162.8 163.0 162.8 162.8 161.4 162.8 163.7 163.6 162.0 162.2 161.8 162.5 422.0 423.3 423.8 423.8 424.1 426.6 428.8 428.9 423.9 427.0 426.8 425.6 162.6 162.2 162.3 161.6 161.0 161.9 161.7 161.6 161.5 160.7 160.9 160.9 425.6 424.8 422.9 421.4 421.2 423.1 424.2 424.2 420.4 422.5 422.9 423.6 100 85 84 87 99 107 117 120 122 13.6 14.0 13.8 13.8 13.5 13.5 13.7 13.7 13.7 13.5 13.5 13.3 121.1 120.8 121.0 120.8 120.2 2,180 2,177 2,169 2,164 680.2 579.5 577.8 580.1 582.9 588.5 591.2 592.5 585.6 580.3 575.9 574.3 119.6 119.5 118.9 118.9 169.5 170.0 170.9 170.0 169.2 170.1 167.7 169.4 168.1 170.1 170.6 168.6 2,152 2,148 2,145 2,141 2,140 2,154 2,158 2,156 2,140 2,138 2,136 2,135 571.9 572.4 570.6 670.4 572.4 579.4 583.7 580.4 573.3 572.0 569.1 670.3 13.2 13.0 12.7 12.4 12.5 117.9 118.5 118.3 118.4 118.2 117.8 117.7 118.3 118.1 118.1 118.5 118.3 167.6 168.9 170.2 170.3 169.4 170.8 169.5 171.6 172.2 172.8 173.4 172.1 2,172 2,176 2,177 2,177 2,180 2,198 2,200 2,202 12.0 13.3 13.7 13.9 13.6 13.1 12.9 120.7 119.3 120.1 54 55 54 50 43 43 46 54 59 65 65 69 76.1 81.8 87.5 90.3 96.5 103.3 107.2 249 249 241 215 188 187 196 224 234 246 252 254 263.1 270.2 280.8 289.0 295.7 302.4 306.3 309.4 313.4 322.4 325.6 331.9 340.3 349.4 358.8 370.5 386.2 398.2 411.9 425.4 423.1 113 110.0 119 125 135 136 129 138 150 151 161 170 169 179 204.5 224.0 245.3 249.7 255.0 270.8 290.3 300.4 303.6 318.3 323.2 329.2 340.0 349.2 361.7 387.1 409.1 419.9 438.0 448.6 431.7 39 41 41 36 30 32 37 47 51 53 52 53 58.8 65.7 69.7 70.0 69.5 68.5 68.7 70.1 74.2 73.7 87.0 91.9 95.8 99.7 104.9 112.9 119.4 126.7 134.6 137.3 134.0 37 37 38 34 30 30 33 36 38 43 41 40 39.2 39.8 40.5 40.5 41.9 41.8 41.7 41.0 41.1 42.5 41.8 41.8 41.4 42.1 42.9 45.1 47.2 49.0 48.8 47.3 45.6 445.1 446.9 448.0 447.9 449.6 454.8 456.2 454.7 448.3 445.3 443.5 442.7 72.7 73.0 73.3 73.4 73.9 74.8 75.2 75.4 75.2 74.6 74.6 74.6 137.3 137.4 137.4 137.2 136.8 138.4 137.1 136.8 137.0 137.2 137.4 136.5 48.1 47.7 47.7 47.5 47.6 46.9 47.2 47.0 46.8 46.8 46.3 47.1 439.7 435.4 434.1 433.7 433.0 433.7 434.7 433.3 428.4 425.8 425.5 423.4 74.5 73.8 73.8 73.7 73.7 73.7 73.5 73.5 73.3 73.6 73.7 73.5 132.7 133.3 133.9 133.5 133.3 135.2 134.1 134.6 134.1 134.4 134.2 135.0 46.2 46.1 46.1 45.8 45.3 46.3 45.3 45.4 45.2 45.1 45.3 45.0 68.2 71.2 73.9 74.3 75.6 76.9 75.6 74.0 72.0 69.8 68.8 31 34 35 36 39 44 49 57 60 59 57 59 63.9 68.4 73.2 71.7 75.0 78.5 81.8 79.9 82.9 86.2 See footnotes at end of table. 97 T A B L E 42. Nonproduction Worker Employment and Ratios of Nonproduction Worker Employment to Total Employment, by M ajor Manufacturing Industry Group, 1 9 3 9 -7 1 — Continued Nondurable goods Year and month Total Food and Tobacco kindred manu products factures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Chemi Printing cals and and pub I allied lishing products Petroleum and coal products R ubber and plastics products, nec. Leather and leather products Nonproduction workers as percent of total employment 1939 . . . 194 0 .,_________________ ____________ 1941. ________ . . 1942________________________________ 1943................- .......... - .............. 1944_______ ________________________ 1945. __________________ _________ 1946 - ________ - . 1947_________________________________ 1948________________________________ 1949________________________________ 1950_________________________________ 1951____ ____________________________ 1952_________________________________ 1 9 5 3 ...______ _______________________ 1954........................................ .................. 1955_________________________________ 1956_________________________________ 1957_________________________________ 1958__________________________ . _____ 1959_________________________________ 1960_________________________________ 1961_________________________________ 1962________________________________ 1963.............. ................................. .......... 1964...................... ...................... ............ 1965_____ __________________________ 1966____ ____________________________ 1967_________________________________ 1968_________________________________ 1969_________________________________ 1970_________________________________ 1971_________________________________ 20.5 20.6 18. 6 16.3 14.1 14.4 15.2 15.8 16.7 17.5 18.5 18.6 19.4 20.2 20.7 21.7 21.8 22.2 23.0 23.8 23.7 24.2 24.7 24.7 25.1 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.8 25.7 26.1 26.7 26.7 33.5 33.1 32.9 32.7 32.7 6.8 7.0 7.3 7.8 7.8 8.0 7.6 7.8 7.9 9.5 12.1 11.0 11.2 11.4 12.2 13.0 13.5 13.1 13.8 14.8 14.6 14.9 16.3 16.6 17.7 7.1 7.4 6.4 5.7 5.2 5.3 5.7 5.9 6.1 6.3 7.1 6.9 7.4 7.8 7.9 8.5 8.4 8.5 8.9 9.4 9.3 9.7 9.9 10.0 10.4 10.5 10.7 10.9 11.3 11.4 11.8 12.3 12.3 11.9 11.8 10.8 9.2 7.7 7.8 8.2 8.6 9.3 9.8 10.2 10.1 10.4 10.6 10.7 11.0 10.9 11.1 11.4 11.3 11.0 10.9 11.1 11.1 11.3 11.1 11.0 11.1 11.5 11.8 12.1 12.4 12.5 16.9 16.5 14. 5 13.3 11.1 11.1 11.8 12.1 12.7 13.7 14.3 14.2 14.9 16.2 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.2 18.8 19.5 19.7 20.2 20.5 20.9 21.4 21.9 22.1 22.3 22.5 22.4 22.6 23.0 23.5 4a 8 4a 7 41, 6 38,1 33.8 33. 5 34.0 33.5 32.5 33.2 34.1 34.0 34.3 34.6 35.0 35.5 35.4 35.1 35.2 35.5 35.3 35.4 35.5 35.8 36.6 36.7 36.6 36.4 36.9 37.4 37.7 38.4 38.9 32.1 31.3 28.0 23.8 21.2 21.2 22.5 23.9 24.8 26.0 27.3 28.0 28.9 30.7 31.9 33.2 33.0 34.0 35.8 37.8 37.5 38.4 39.0 38.8 39.3 39.7 39.8 40.3 40.9 40.8 41.3 42.7 42.5 28.1 28.1 26. 5 22. 5 18.8 18.4 19.9 22.6 23.1 23.2 23.5 24.3 25.4 28.0 28.3 29.9 31.2 31.5 32.6 34.4 35.1 34.9 35.7 35.7 36.5 37.9 38.3 37.7 37.4 36.8 38.5 39.0 38.8 19. 0 19.3 16.4 16.4 14. 6 15.4 17.3 18.0 18.6 18.9 20.1 19.0 19.1 20.2 20.3 21.8 20.6 21.3 22.0 23.2 22.2 22.7 23.2 22.5 22.9 22.9 22.3 22.1 23.1 22.6 22.6 23.7 23.0 9. 6 9.9 9.1 8^2 7. 9 8.4 9. 2 8.8 9! 2 10.4 10.5 10.1 10.3 10.4 10.4 10.9 10.9 10.9 11.2 11.4 11.0 11.7 11.7 11.6 11.9 12.1 12.2 12.4 13.5 13.8 14.2 14.7 14.8 26.5 26.6 26.6 26.8 27.0 26.8 27.0 26.5 26.3 26.6 26.7 26.8 33.5 33.6 33.6 33.9 33.8 33.0 32.6 31.1 30.9 31.6 32.2 32.8 16.5 17.5 18.1 18.7 18.4 18.3 18.5 14.9 14.7 14.7 15.7 15.8 12.1 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.3 12.3 12.4 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.3 12.6 12.3 12.2 12.4 12.5 12.4 22.8 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.7 23.2 23.1 23.0 23.4 23.1 23.3 38.1 38.1 38.1 38.2 38.4 38.6 38.8 38.8 38.4 38.7 38.6 38.4 42.2 42.3 42.3 42.3 42.7 43.0 43.0 42.9 42.7 42.8 42.9 43.0 39.0 39.0 38.9 38.9 38.8 38.4 38.4 38.7 39.3 39.3 39.4 39.7 22.9 23.1 23.2 23.3 24.8 23.8 23.7 23.6 23.5 24.0 24.1 23.9 14.5 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.7 14.2 14.7 14.5 14.8 14.9 14.7 15.1 27.1 27.1 27.0 27.0 26.9 26.8 27.1 26.4 26.2 26.4 26.4 26.6 33.7 34.0 34.0 34.1 33.8 33.1 32.5 30.8 30.5 31.7 32.1 32.9 16.9 17.2 18.1 17.9 18.3 17.7 21.5 17.6 16.5 17.0 17.1 17.6 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.3 12.2 12.4 12.3 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.1 12.5 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.4 12.4 13.0 12.6 12.5 12.5 12.6 12.7 23.6 23.7 23.7 23.6 23.8 23.5 23.9 23.5 23.2 23.2 23.2 23.2 38.9 38.8 38.7 38.8 38.8 38.9 39.2 39.3 38.9 38.9 38.9 38.8 43.0 42.7 42.6 42.5 42.4 42.4 42.7 42.7 42.4 42.4 42.4 42.3 39.9 39.6 39.5 39.2 38.8 38.3 37.9 38.0 38.2 38.7 39.0 39.0 23.6 23.6 23.4 23.3 23.1 23.1 23.2 23.0 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.6 14.9 14.9 15.0 14.9 14.7 14.7 15.1 14.5 14.8 14.8 14.7 14.6 29.0 29.1 26.6 22.1 18.3 17.7 18.4 19.9 22. 5 23.7 24.6 25.6 26.6 27.2 27.7 28.7 29.2 29.3 30.0 31.1 31.7 32.3 32.9 33.2 33.4 33.9 34.0 33.6 19 70 January_____________________ _______ February___________________________ March______________________________ A pril_______________________________ May________________________________ June________________________________ July________________________________ August_____________________________ September__________________________ October____________________________ Novem ber_____________________ _____ December. ______________________ 1971 January____________________________ February___________________________ March______________________________ A pril_______________________________ M ay________________________________ June_____________________________ July________________________________ A ugust_____________________________ September__________________________ October_____________________________ N ovem ber___________ _______________ December___ _______________________ 1 Prior data are as follows: 1919 . . . 1920 . . . 1921 . . . 1922 . . . 1923 . . 2,042 2 ,006 1,635 1,793 1,912 1924 . . . 1925 . . . 1926 . . . 1927 . . . 1928 . . . 1,882 1,878 1,942 1,964 1,896 1929 . . . 1930 . . . 1931 . . . 1932 . . 1933 . . 2,135 2,098 1,869 1 ,580 1,473 N ote : Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959. 98 1934 . . 1935 . . 1936 . . . 1937 . . . 1938 . . . 1,592 1,695 1,813 2,003 1.962 * Prior data are as follows: 1919.. 19.2 1924.. 1920... 18.8 1925.. 1921... 19.8 1926.. 1922.. 19.7 1927.. 1923... 18.6 1928.. 19.5 18.9 19.1 19.6 19.1 1929.. 1930.. 1931.. 1932.. 1933.. 19.9 21.9 22.9 22.8 19.9 1934.. 1935.. 1936.. 1937.. 1938.. 18.7 18.7 18. 4 18.6 20.8 T A B L E 43. Women Employees on Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Industry Division, 1959-71 [In thousands] Manufacturing Year and m onth 1959...................... 1960____________ 1 9 6 1 ............... 1962.................... 1963...................... 1964..................... 1965...................... 1966...................... 1967____ ________ 1968____________ 1969____________ 1970____________ 1971____________ Total Contract M ining construc tion Total Dura ble N on dura ble 1,671 l|681 1*642 1*749 1*746 T, 756 1,889 2,182 2,277 2,338 2,446 2,279 2,109 2,688 2*691 2*651 2,726 2,736 2; 782 2,879 3,032 3,076 3,152 3,221 3,167 3,101 Trans porta tion and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Government Finance, insurance, and real Services Retail estate trade Total W hole sale trade 4,295 4,267 4,355 4,428 4,618 723 . 748 4,881 5,124 786 835 1 5,297 860 5,519 910 5,809 952 5,935 6,005 945 681 668 676 684 703 729 768 790 814 858 879 879 3,615 3,599 3,679 3,744 3,915 4,152 4,356 4, 507 4, 705 4,951 5,056 5,126 1,341 1,368 1,398 1,429 1,470 1,502 1, 555 1,630 1, 716 1,829 1,912 1,969 4,425 4,622 4,942 5,279 5,650 6,023 6,248 6,432 3,718 3,970 4,375 4,703 4,966 5,111 5,324 5,478 530 542 610 674 710 723 717 707 3,188 3,427 3, 766 4,030 4,256 4,388 4,608 4,770 T otal F ed eral State and local 19,672 20,671 22,180 23,284 24, 391 25,547 26,022 26, 244 36 35 35 35 34 34 34 35 36 37 37 37 146 146 150 152 156 162 167 168 4,359 4,372 4,292 4,474 4,482 4; 537 4,768 5,214 5,353 5,490 5,667 5,446 5, 210 25,839 25,900 26,049 26,121 26,109 26,090 25,376 25,388 25,974 26,244 26,421 26,753 37 37 37 37 37 38 38 38 37 37 37 37 169 166 166 165 166 167 169 169 167 168 168 168 5,556 5,559 5,546 5,484 5,426 5,471 5,354 5,485 5,498 5,389 5,316 5, 267 2,383 2,382 2,370 2,340 2,304 2,299 2,242 2,255 2,267 2 ,200 2,155 2,147 3,173 3,177 3,176 3,144 3,122 3,172 3,112 3,230 3,231 3,189 3,161 3,12 0 927 931 937 945 950 963 972 971 962 956 958 952 5,827 5,750 5,806 5,859 5,887 5,909 5,859 5,830 5,899 5,975 6,117 6,506 869 868 868 863 864 876 879 880 884 899 903 900 4,958 4,882 4,938 4,996 5,023 5,033 4,980 4,950 5,015 5,076 5,214 5,606 1,875 1,882 1,894 1,897 1,899 1,917 1,937 1,937 1,922 1,922 1,929 1,935 6 ,112 6,157 6,204 6,253 6,292 6,282 6 ,227 6,196 6,270 6,326 6,333 6,321 5,336 5,418 5,459 5,481 5,452 5,343 4,820 4,762 5,219 5,471 5,563 5,567 708 713 741 767 741 720 714 703 695 696 697 704 4,628 4,705 4,718 4,714 4,711 4,623 4,106 4,059 4,524 4,775 4,866 4,863 25,939 25,931 26,066 26,200 26,330 26,338 25,499 25,626 26,291 26,622 26,868 27,214 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 36 37 36 169 166 166 167 167 170 169 168 167 168 169 170 5,151 5,150 5,159 5,142 5,171 5,216 5,091 5,266 5,328 5,308 5,302 5,241 2,103 2,088 2,084 2,083 2,094 2,108 2,068 2 ,100 2,141 2,149 2,152 2,138 3,048 3,062 3,075 3,059 3,077 3,108 3,023 3,166 3,187 3,159 3,150 3,103 939 943 942 944 950 954 948 944 948 948 944 941 5,896 5,784 5,822 5,914 5,968 5,991 5,915 5,929 5,997 6,051 6,206 6, 583 878 869 869 864 870 872 867 876 882 901 901 898 5,018 4,915 4,953 5,050 5,098 5,119 5,048 5,053 5,115 5,150 5,305 5,685 1,931 1,933 1,941 1,951 1,957 1,977 1,995 1,995 1,984 1,982 1,990 1,993 6,274 6,304 6,349 6,396 6,446 6,488 6,434 6,411 6 ,473 6,528 6,536 6,539 5,542 5,614 5,650 5,649 5,634 5,505 4,910 4,876 5,357 5,601 5,684 5, 711 700 707 708 713 709 712 712 710 704 703 703 707 4,842 4,907 4,942 4,936 4,925 4,793 4,198 4,166 4,653 4,898 4,981 5,004 1970 J a n u a ry ............ February______ March.......... A pril___________ M a y___________ June___________ J u ly ___________ A ugust------------September_____ October________ N ovem ber_____ Decem ber........... 1971 January............. February______ March.................. A p ril___________ M a y___________ June___________ J u ly ___________ A ugust.........— September-------O ctober.......... N ovem ber_____ D e c e m b e r ____ 99 T A B L E 44. Women Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajor Industry Group, 1959-71 [In thousands] Durable goods Ord Stone, nance Lum ber Furniture clay, and and ac and wood and glass cessories products fixtures products Year and month Total Primary metal indus tries Fabri cated metal products Miscel Transpor Instru Elec Machin laneous ery trical tation ments m anu and equip except equip facturing related m ent electrical ment and products industries supplies 1959_______ ___________________ 1960................. ................ .......... . 1961............................ ............... . 1962.____ _____________________ 1963____ ______________________ 1964_____ ___________ __________ 1965................................................. 1966........... .................................... 1967............................................... 1968.................... ......................... 1969__________________________ 1970____ ______________________ 1971__________________________ 1,671 1,681 1,642 1,749 1,746 1,756 1,889 2,182 2,277 2,338 2,446 2,279 2,109 38.2 42.3 47.0 51.2 49.5 44.2 40.4 52.8 73.8 87.1 84.2 61.3 44.4 44.3 42.9 41.7 42.7 41.9 42.8 45.1 51.5 55.6 59,4 63.6 59.8 59.4 6 6.6 65.0 63.4 66.9 67.8 71.5 77.5 92.5 98.0 106.9 116.8 1 12.0 114.9 92.0 91.9 88.3 91.2 91.5 93.4 95.3 100.8 99.6 100.8 107.3 106.2 101.7 75.0 74.9 70.5 72.6 71.7 72.2 76.8 84.8 88.5 90.2 95.8 93.2 87.1 190.7 186.7 177.8 187.5 191.2 197.1 210 .0 229.1 235.8 248.2 266.8 250.6 240.3 192.4 195.3 189.2 198.6 199.9 204.5 222.1 257.0 279.1 286.3 304.3 295.3 262.3 513.8 534.6 536.3 589.1 579.6 577.2 640.5 772.9 780.3 778.4 811.4 751.9 685. 5 186.2 173.8 160.5 168.0 169.5 161.8 167.3 198.1 218.8 222.3 222.3 193.7 176.6 116.7 117.9 115.2 121.6 123.7 125.0 133.3 152.1 159.6 165.1 175.3 166.8 156.5 154.7 155.4 152.0 159.1 159.3 166.2 180.6 190.5 187.8 192.9 197.6 187.9 180.3 1970 January________ ______________ F ebruary_____________________ March____________ ____________ A p ril_________________________ M ay__________________________ June__________ _______________ J uly__________________________ A ugust.................................. ....... Septem ber_______ ____________ O ctober---------------------------------N o v e m b e r ................................ D ecem ber______ ______________ 2,383 2,382 2,370 2,340 2,304 2,299 2,242 2,255 2,267 2 ,200 2,155 2,147 72.3 70.3 67.6 63.9 61.8 61.4 59.7 59.4 58.4 55.8 53.8 51.2 62.1 61.2 61.1 60.6 60.1 60.5 58.1 59.4 59.0 59.0 58.7 57.4 115.9 114.6 114.9 113.7 109.9 109.1 106.4 109.6 111.9 112.7 113.4 111.8 105.8 108.0 106.8 106.8 105.9 107.3 104.6 107.1 107.5 106.7 104.7 103.2 98.3 96.6 96.7 96.7 95.6 95.7 94.6 94.0 93.5 84.5 83.3 88.5 263.9 259.5 257.2 254.5 251.6 252.6 245.5 247.2 252.7 242.4 237.9 241.7 311.8 311.3 312.3 307.5 303.6 301.1 294.2 289.2 287.0 280.2 273.2 271.7 785.4 797.6 786.4 774.8 757.7 754.8 742.3 743.7 745.7 726.6 707.8 700.2 211.5 206.2 207.0 203.6 199.3 198.2 189.0 186.7 192.2 174.5 171.5 185.0 173.1 172.6 173.5 172.4 171.2 169.1 164.9 164.4 163.4 160.8 158.8 157.2 182.9 184.2 186.1 185.7 187.0 189.0 183.0 193.9 195.8 197.1 191.6 178.7 1971 January---------------------------------F ebruary_____________________ M a rch ..._______ ______________ A pril_________________________ M ay__________________________ June____ _____________________ July__________________________ A ugust----------------------------------Septem ber------------------- ---------O c to b e r ...----------------- --------N ovem ber-----------------------------Decem ber------------ ------------------ 2,103 2,088 2,084 2,083 2,094 2,108 2,068 2,100 2,141 2,149 2,152 2,138 50.2 48.2 46.4 45.0 43.7 43.9 43.0 42.9 43.0 42.5 42.2 41.5 56.8 57.6 57.3 57.7 58.8 59.9 58.6 59.7 61.3 61.9 61.9 61.8 111.2 111.7 112.3 112.5 114.5 115.0 110.7 112.8 116.8 119.0 120.4 121.3 100.3 99.3 100.3 101.0 101.7 102.1 100.9 102.8 103.7 102.8 103.2 102.3 8 8.0 8 8.0 90.0 8 8.2 88.1 88.3 8 6 .8 86.5 8 6.0 85.5 84.9 85.1 237.9 238.0 233.9 239.2 240.4 241.5 235.4 238.7 243.7 244.5 245.5 244.6 267.9 266.3 264.4 263.0 261.8 260.3 259.8 258.1 261.0 261.0 262.0 261.7 685.8 675.6 674.4 671.7 676.2 681.2 669.7 682.7 698.7 701.3 704.1 704.4 183.3 181.1 180.1 177.9 177.7 177.6 171.6 172.0 175.4 174.3 174.4 173.5 155.6 153.5 152.6 152.6 154.0 156.0 154.9 156.1 158.9 161.5 161.4 161.4 166.3 169.0 172.2 173.9 177.1 182.1 176.7 187.2 192. 3 194.4 191.5 180.7 Nondurable goods R ubber and p la s t ic s p rod u cts, nec. T e x t ile m ill prod u cts A p parel and o th er t e x t ile p rod u cts 2 ,688 2,691 2,651 2 ,7 2 6 2,7 3 6 2,7 8 2 2 ,8 7 9 3 ,0 3 2 3 ,0 7 6 3 ,1 5 2 3 ,2 2 1 3 ,1 6 7 3 ,1 0 1 4 2 6 .2 4 26 .8 423 .1 4 1 9 .9 4 2 1 .2 4 21 .3 4 2 3 .5 4 4 3 .2 4 5 1 .3 4 5 2 .9 4 6 2 .4 4 60 .7 4 4 8 .8 4 8 .7 4 7 .1 4 3 .9 4 2 .8 4 1 .2 4 3 .8 4 1 .3 3 8 .8 3 9 .2 3 8 .3 3 8 .2 3 7 .2 3 2 .0 4 14 .5 4 01 .5 3 8 8 .6 3 9 4 .0 3 8 3 .6 3 8 8 .3 4 0 6 .9 427. 5 4 2 8 .7 4 5 2 .2 4 6 0 .6 4 4 8 .6 4 3 9 .9 9 51 .1 9 6 2 .2 9 4 4 .8 9 9 0 .9 1 ,0 1 0 .0 1 ,0 3 1 .0 1 ,0 7 4 .5 1 ,118. 0 1 ,1 1 6 .1 1,123. 5 1 ,1 3 4 .1 1 ,1 0 8 .3 1 ,0 9 9 .6 128.1 1 3 0 .4 129.1 130.8 130.0 130.5 1 3 2 .9 1 4 1 .0 145.3 148 .6 1 52 .0 1 49 .8 141 .9 2 5 0 .2 2 5 6 .8 2 5 8 .6 2 6 4 .4 2 6 7 .4 2 7 6 .2 2 8 5 .2 3 0 5 .0 3 2 3 .0 3 3 2 .8 3 4 9 .6 3 5 8 .3 3 5 3 .1 1 50 .6 1 52 .9 1 5 2 .7 1 57 .5 161 .5 1 64 .8 1 72 .0 1 8 5 .6 197 .9 2 0 9 .2 2 1 9 .8 2 1 6 .0 2 0 6 .6 1 7 .5 1 7 .2 1 6 .6 1 6 .3 1 5 .9 16.1 1 6 .1 1 6 .5 16.4 1 6 .9 1 6 .9 1 7 .7 17 .1 1 0 6 .4 1 0 7 .0 1 0 6 .9 1 2 0 .0 1 2 2 .0 1 2 6 .4 1 3 8 .6 1 5 6 .1 16 2 .0 1 7 7 .2 1 91 .5 1 8 4 .6 1 83 .0 1 94 .5 1 8 8 .6 1 8 6 .2 1 8 9 .0 1 8 3 .4 1 8 3 .2 1 8 8 .0 2 0 0 .2 1 9 6 .0 2 0 0 .6 1 9 6 .2 1 85 .9 1 7 9 .4 3 ,1 7 3 3 ,1 7 7 3 ,1 7 6 3 ,1 4 4 3 ,1 2 2 3 ,1 7 2 3 ,1 1 2 3 ,2 3 0 3 ,2 3 1 3 ,1 8 9 3 ,1 6 1 3 ,1 2 0 4 3 6 .6 4 3 6 .2 4 3 7 .0 4 2 9 .5 4 3 1 .6 4 5 3 .3 4 6 0 .0 5 1 7 .3 5 1 6 .4 4 89 .9 4 7 1 .6 4 4 8 .6 3 7 .2 3 6 .3 3 4 .0 3 2 .3 3 2 .4 3 1 .7 3 1 .4 4 4 .0 4 4 .9 4 4 .1 4 0 .3 3 7 .9 4 56 .9 4 5 4 .0 4 5 4 .3 4 53 .7 4 5 0 .5 4 5 0 .2 4 3 9 .3 447 .1 4 4 8 .6 4 4 5 .7 4 4 2 .6 4 4 0 .5 1 ,1 1 3 .9 1 ,1 2 7 .5 1 ,1 2 6 .6 1 ,1 0 9 .3 1 ,0 9 9 .4 1 ,1 1 6 .2 1 ,0 7 3 .2 1 ,1 0 8 .4 1 ,1 1 1 .6 1 ,1 0 6 .1 1 ,1 0 8 .1 1 ,0 9 9 .6 152 .0 1 51 .6 1 51 .9 1 5 1 .4 1 4 9 .4 15 1 .7 1 4 7 .5 1 49 .6 1 49 .2 147 .9 1 4 8 .8 1 46 .5 3 5 7 .3 3 5 7 .9 3 5 9 .6 3 5 9 .9 3 5 7 .0 3 5 7 .4 3 5 9 .4 3 5 7 .6 3 5 7 .3 3 5 7 .9 3 5 8 .3 3 6 0 .5 2 1 8 .3 2 1 7 .7 2 1 7 .7 2 1 6 .7 2 1 7 .2 2 1 8 .3 2 1 6 .4 2 1 8 .2 2 1 6 .4 2 1 3 .2 2 1 1 .4 2 1 0 .2 1 7 .4 1 7 .3 1 7 .7 1 7 .7 1 7 .8 1 7 .9 1 8 .0 1 8 .0 1 7 .7 1 7 .6 1 7 .5 1 7 .5 192.1 1 89 .8 1 8 9 .2 1 8 7 .3 1 8 0 .3 1 8 4 .7 1 80 .7 1 8 3 .0 1 8 6 .7 1 8 4 .4 1 7 9 .6 1 77 .7 19 1 .2 1 8 8 .8 1 8 7 .6 1 85 .7 1 8 6 .6 1 9 0 .6 1 8 5 .6 1 8 7 .2 1 8 2 .5 1 8 2 .0 1 8 2 .9 1 8 0 .6 3 ,0 4 8 3 ,0 6 2 3 ,0 7 5 3 ,0 5 9 3 ,0 7 7 3 ,1 0 8 3 ,0 2 3 3 ,1 6 6 3 ,1 8 7 3 ,1 5 9 3 ,1 5 0 3 ,1 0 3 4 1 9 .4 4 16 .1 4 1 8 .8 4 1 3 .8 4 1 8 .5 4 3 6 .0 4 5 2 .4 5 0 9 .3 516 .7 4 7 8 .0 4 6 4 .0 4 4 2 .0 3 4 .2 3 3 .3 3 0 .0 2 8 .5 2 8 .9 2 8 .9 2 5 .2 3 3 .6 3 8 .5 3 6 .4 3 4 .7 3 1 .8 4 3 4 .6 4 3 4 .9 4 3 5 .4 436 .1 4 4 0 .4 4 4 2 .6 4 3 2 .2 4 4 0 .8 4 4 3 .5 4 4 4 .4 4 4 7 .2 4 4 6 .7 1 ,0 8 5 .1 1 ,1 0 2 .7 1,115. 4 1 ,1 0 4 .8 1 ,1 1 1 .2 1 ,1 0 9 .6 1 ,0 4 4 .8 1 ,0 9 9 .1 1 ,1 0 6 .3 1 ,1 1 0 .4 1 ,1 1 3 .3 1,092. 5 1 4 3 .0 1 42 .0 1 4 1 .4 141 .9 1 41 .2 1 4 3 .3 1 3 8 .0 1 4 1 .4 1 4 3 .7 1 4 3 .2 14 2 .2 1 4 2 .0 3 5 2 .9 3 5 3 .9 3 5 4 .6 3 5 2 .8 3 5 1 .7 3 5 3 .9 3 5 0 .1 3 4 9 .9 3 4 9 .1 3 5 5 .0 3 5 5 .7 3 5 7 .2 207 2 2 07 .1 2 0 6 .5 2 06 .1 2 0 7 .0 2 0 8 .2 2 07 .1 2 0 7 .7 2 0 6 .7 2 0 6 .4 2 0 5 .6 2 0 3 .9 1 7 .4 1 7 .3 1 7 .3 1 8 .2 1 6 .9 1 6 .9 1 7 .0 16 .9 1 6 .8 1 6 .9 1 6 .6 17 .1 1 7 5 .2 1 76 .7 1 7 9 .0 1 7 9 .4 1 8 1 .4 1 8 4 .8 1 8 0 .2 1 8 3 .7 1 8 7 .7 1 9 0 .2 1 8 8 .8 1 8 8 .4 1 7 9 .3 178 .1 1 7 6 .9 176 .9 1 7 9 .4 1 8 3 .9 1 7 5 .5 1 8 3 .3 1 7 8 .4 1 78 .1 1 81 .8 181 .1 1970 J a n u a r y ____________________________ ______ F e b r u a r y _________________________________ M a r c h -------- ---------------------------------------------A p r i l ________________ _____________________ M a y .................................. ................................. .. J u n e ______________________________ ________ J u l y . . . ......... — ---------------- ---------------------A u g u s t .............................. .......................... — S e p t e m b e r ___________________ ____________ O c t o b e r ---------------------------------------------------N o v e m b e r ...................................................... D e c e m b e r ________________________________ L ea th e r and le a th e r p rod u cts T ob a cco m anu fa c tu re s T ota l 1959...................................- ................................. 1960________________ ______________________ 1961_________________________ ________ ______ 1962_______ ________ ________________________ 196 3........................— ......................................... 1964____________________ ___________________ 1965......................................................................... 1966.......................................................................... 1967............................ ............................................ 1968......................................................................... 1 9 6 9 . . _________ ___________________________ 1970________ _____________ _________________ 1971________ _______________________________ Paper P r i n t in g C h e m i c a l s P e tr o le u m and and and a llie d p u b li s h i n g a llie d an d coa l p rod u cts p rod u cts p ro d u cts F ood and k in d r e d p rod u cts Y ea r and m on th 1971 J a n u a r y -------- --------------- --------------------------F e b r u a r y ------------- --------------- -------------------M a r c h _____________________________________ A p r i l ______________________________________ M a y _____________________________ _______ J u n e _______________________________________ J u l y _______________________________________ A u g u s t ___________________________________ S e p t e m b e r _______________________________ O c t o b e r -------------- ----------------------- ---------- - N o v e m b e r ________________________________ D e c e m b e r ________________________________ 100 T A B L E 45. Farm Employment and W age Rate*, 1910-71 Wage rates (dollars) Employment (in thousands) Year Total 1910 .... 1911 ....... ........................ 1912 .......... ........................ 1913 ............ ........................ 1914 .......... ..................... 1915 ....... .......................... 1910................. ........................ 1917 .......... ........................ .................. 1918 .......... 1919 ..........I " ....................... 1920 1921 ............ .......... ..................... ..................................... 1923 ............ ..................... 1924 ............ ..................... 1925 ............ ..................... 1920............................ ................... ................................ 1927 1928 ............... ..................... 1929 ............... .................. 1922 1930............................ 1931.......................... 1932 ................. 1933 ................. ................... 1934............................ 1935.......................... 1930............................ 1937.......................... 1938.......................... 1939................................. 1940..................................... 1941............................ 1942....................................... 1943........................................... 1944.................................... 1945................................ 1940............................................. 1947.................................... 1948............................................ 1949.......................................... 1950.......................................... 1951.............................................. 1952....................................... 1953................................................ 1954.............................................. 1955............................................. 1950................................................ 1957................................................ 1958................................................ 1959................................................ 1900............................................... 1901................................................ 1962............................................... 1903................................................ 1904................................................ 1965................................................ 1966................................................ 1907................................................ 1968............................................... 1969................................................ 1970............................................... 1971................................................ Family Hired Without board 13,555 13,539 13,559 13,572 13,580 13,592 13,632 13,568 13,391 13,243 13,432 13,398 13,337 13,162 13,031 13,036 12,976 12,642 12,691 12,763 12,497 12,745 12,816 12,739 12,627 12,733 12,331 11,978 11,622 11,338 10,174 10,169 10,162 10,158 10,147 10,140 10,144 10,121 10,053 9,968 10,041 10,001 9,936 9,798 9,705 9,715 9,526 9,278 9,340 9,360 9,307 9,642 9,922 9,874 9,765 9,855 9,350 9,054 8,815 8,611 3,381 3,370 3,397 3,414 3,433 3,452 3,488 3,447 3,338 3,275 3,391 3,397 3,401 3,364 3,326 3,321 3,450 3,364 3,351 3,403 3,190 3,103 2,894 2,865 2,862 2,878 2,981 2,924 2,807 2,727 51.00 33.50 33.00 37.50 38.00 38.50 39.50 39.50 39.50 40.00 37.50 28.50 20.50 18.00 20.00 22.00 24.00 27. 50 27.00 27.00 28.00 28.00 29.50 30.00 29.50 30.00 33.00 40.50 48.50 56.00 65.00 44.50 43.50 47.50 49.00 49.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 51.00 48.00 38.00 29.00 25.50 28.00 30.50 32.50 36.50 36.00 36.00 10,979 10,669 10,504 10,446 10,219 10,000 10,295 10,382 10,363 9,964 9,926 9,546 9,149 8,864 8,651 8,381 7,852 7,600 7,503 7,342 7,057 6,919 6,700 6,518 6,110 5,610 5,214 4,903 4,749 4,596 4,523 4,454 8,300 8,017 7,949 8,010 7,988 7,881 8,106 8,115 8,026 7,712 7,597 7,310 7,005 6,775 6,570 6,345 5,900 5,660 5,521 5,390 5,172 5,029 4,873 4,738 4,506 4,128 3,854 3,650 3,536 3,420 3,348 3,286 2,679 2,652 2,555 2,436 2,231 2,119 2,189 2,267 2,337 2,252 2,329 2,236 2,144 2,089 2,081 2,036 1,952 1,940 1,982 1,952 1,885 1,890 1,827 1,780 1,604 1,482 1,360 1,253 1,213 1,176 1,175 1,168 27.50 34.50 45.50 59.00 71.00 79.00 86.00 92.00 99.00 199.00 99.00 113.00 119.00 122.00 120.00 123.00 128.00 133.00 137.00 144.00 149.00 151.00 155.00 159.00 162.00 171.00 185.00 200.00 216.00 234.00 251.00 263.00 37.50 44.50 59.00 77.00 91.00 101.00 108.00 117.00 124.00 1121.00 121.00 137.00 146.00 151.00 151.00 154.00 161.10 168.00 176.00 186.00 192.00 195.00 200.00 206.00 212.00 223.00 243.00 262.00 283.00 307.00 328.00 340.00 1Different wage rate categories used beginning with 1949; w ith board changed to w ith board a n d room on per month and per day series, w ith ou t board replaced by w ith h o u se on per month series and w ith ou t board or ro o m on per day series. 450-107 0 —71 ■8 With board 21.00 21.50 22.00 22.50 22.50 22.50 25.00 31.00 37.50 43.00 Index of form wage rates (1910-14*100) Per day Per month With board Without board 1.05 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.10 1.10 1.25 1.55 2.05 2.40 1.35 1.35 1.40 1.40 1.35 1.40 1.50 1.90 2.45 2.90 96 98 102 104 102 102 112 141 177 206 2.80 1.65 1.65 1.95 1.95 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.80 1.30 .95 .90 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.35 1.30 1.25 3.30 2.05 2.00 2.35 2.40 2.35 2.40 2.35 2.30 2.30 2.15 1.65 1.20 1.15 1.25 1.35 1.45 1.65 1.55 1.55 241 156 154 177 181 183 185 185 185 187 175 133 100 89 100 110 118 133 129 129 1.30 1.65 2.20 2.90 3.50 3.85 4.20 4.50 4.80 14.45 1.60 1.95 2.55 3.30 3.95 4.35 4.80 5.10 5.40 14.45 4.45 5.00 5.30 5.40 5.30 5.40 5.60 5.80 6.10 6.30 6.50 6.50 6.70 6.90 7.10 7.40 8.00 8.60 9.30 10.10 10.70 11.20 4.50 5.00 5.30 5.30 5.30 5.30 5.60 5.80 6.00 6.40 6.60 6.60 6.90 7.10 7.30 7.60 8.20 9.00 9.90 10.90 11.70 12.20 131 160 208 274 328 366 399 425 445 430 432 481 508 517 508 519 542 560 582 614 648 657 675 692 632 792 762 892 931 1,023 1,092 1,132 Source: Economic Research Service, Dept, of Agriculture. Compiled from “ Farm Labor” reports, 101 T A B L E 46. Governmental Employment and Payrolls, by Level of Government, 1 9 4 0 -7 0 [For October except as noted. Beginning 1959, includes Alaska and Hawaii] Employees (in thousands) State and local Years Total 1940___________ ________________________________ 1942........................... ........................ .................. 1945_______ ____________________________________ 1946........................................ ..................... ................ 1947......................................................... ..................... 1948................................. ........................................... 1949________ ___________________________________ 1950___________ ________________________________ 1951___________________________________________ 1952______ _____________________________________ 1 95 3 ...______ __________________________________ 1954__________ _________________________________ 1955_____ ______________________________________ 1956........ ........... ............ ............................................. 1957 2______ ____________________________________ 1958____ _______________________________________ 1959___________ ________________________________ 1960_____ ______________________________________ 1961____ _______________________________________ 1962____________________ _____ _________________ 1963____ _______________________________________ 1964___________________________________________ 1965___________________________________________ 1966............... ................. ............................................ 1967........ .............. ......................................... ............. 1968.................................. ........................................... 1969___________________________________________ 1970___________________________________________ 4,474 5,915 6j 556 6,001 5,791 6,042 6,203 6, 402 6,802 7,105 7,048 7,232 7,432 7,685 8,047 8,297 8,487 8,808 9,100 9, 388 9,736 10,064 10,589 11,388 11,867 12,342 12,685 13,028 Federal (civilian) 1 1,128 2,664 3, 375 2,434 2,002 2,076 2,047 2,117 2, 515 2, 583 2, 385 2, 373 2, 378 2, 410 2,439 2,405 2, 399 2, 421 2, 484 2,539 2,548 2, 528 2,588 2,861 2,993 2,984 2,969 2,881 Total State and local 3,346 3, 251 3,181 3,567 3,789 3,966 4, 156 4,285 4, 287 4,522 4,663 4, 859 5,054 5, 275 5, 608 5,892 6,088 6,387 6,616 6,849 7,188 7, 536 8, 001 8,527 8,874 9,358 9, 716 10,147 1 Includes Federal civilian employees outside United States. 2 Local government data, except for 1957, 1962, and 1967, are estimates subject to sampling variation. 2 Data for April. 102 Monthly payroll (in millions) State and local Total State 804 909 963 1,037 1,057 1,070 1,060 1,082 1,149 1,199 1, 268 1,300 1,408 1, 454 1, 527 1,625 1,680 1, 775 1, 873 2,028 2,211 2,335 2,495 2,614 2,755 Federal (civilian) 1 L o c a l2 2,762 2,880 3,002 3,119 3, 228 3, 218 3, 461 3, 580 3, 710 3, 855 4, 007 4,307 4,484 4,634 4,860 4,992 5,169 5, 413 5, 663 5,973 6,316 6,539 6,864 7,102 7,392 $566 880 1,110 1,156 1,184 1,329 1,406 1, 528 1,865 1,980 2,014 2,103 2, 265 2,509 2,533 2,977 3,114 3,333 3,634 3,966 4, 264 4, 572 4, 884 5,463 6,056 6,889 7,587 8,334 $177 486 642 572 481 534 539 613 857 856 793 785 846 944 919 1,091 1,073 1,118 1, 214 1,347 1, 423 1, 475 1, 484 1,665 1,842 2,137 2,335 2,428 Total State and local $389 394 468 584 702 795 867 915 1,008 1,124 1, 221 1, 318 1,419 1, 566 1, 615 1 ,886 2,042 2,215 2, 420 2,619 2,840 3,097 3, 400 3,798 4,213 4,752 5, 252 5,906 State $128 161 185 210 218 246 260 279 301 326 367 373 447 485 524 586 635 696 761 849 975 1,106 1,257 1,431 1,612 L o c a l2 $456 542 610 657 696 762 863 942 1,018 1,093 1,199 1,242 1,439 1,556 1,691 1,834 1,985 2,144 2,336 2,551 2,823 3,108 3,495 3,821 4,294 N ote : Because of rounding, sums of individual items m ay not equal totals Dashes indicate data not available. Source: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. T A B L E 47. Employees on Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Region and State, 1939-71 [In thousands] Region and State N ew England................. Maine....... ................... N ew Hampshire........ V erm ont...................... Massachusetts______ R hode Island_______ C onnecticut........ ....... Middle A tla n tic_______ N ew Y ork ................... N ew Jersey................. Pennsylvania.............. East North Central___ O hio.............................. Indiana........................ Illinois......................... M ichigan..................... Wisconsin..................... West N orth C entral___ M innesota................... Io w a ............................. Missouri....................... N orth D akota............ South D a kota ............ Nebraska..................... Kansas......................... South A tla n tic.............. Delaware..................... M aryland..................... District of C olum biaV irginia....................... West Virginia.............. N orth Carolina.......... South Carolina.......... Georgia........................ Florida......................... East South Central___ K en tu ck y ................... Tennessee................... A labam a...................... Mississippi................... West South cen tral___ Arkansas ..................... Louisiana..................... Oklahom a................... Texas........................... Mountain......................... Montana— ................. Idaho............................ W yom ing..................... C olorado..................... N ew M exico................ Arizona........................ U ta h ............................. N evada........................ Pacific.............................. Washington................. O regon......................... California.................... 2, 607.3 212.4 146.1 74.8 1.371.5 243.8 558.7 8.078.5 4.130.9 1.247.0 2,700. 6 6.911.1 1, 783. 9 817.4 2.294.9 1.348.1 666.8 2,484.0 543.4 431.4 834.8 71.8 85.2 221.2 296.2 3,663.8 75.6 491.2 333.6 539.9 373.5 622.7 310.1 526.7 390.5 1,466.1 382.5 475.3 405.3 203.0 2, 010.0 198.0 410.1 326.2 1,075. 7 799.7 109.4 84.4 54.3 231.4 79.5 95.5 110.4 34.8 2,501.6 431.0 258.6 1,812.0 Alaska. Hawaii See footnotes at end of table. 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 2, 726.1 216.5 147.1 78.1 1,428.4 251.5 604.5 8.532.0 4.325.0 1,314.3 2,892. 7 7,378.7 1.906.6 875.4 2,423.9 1.478.1 694.7 2.548.6 552.3 443.3 862.6 74.1 88.3 220.7 307.3 3,908. 5 82.3 529.9 3,102. 6 251.7 161.9 87.9 1.590.5 298.3 712.3 9.476.9 4,735.3 1.501.1 3.240.5 8.425.2 2.201.3 1,026.1 2,714. 7 1, 707.0 776.1 2, 787.4 588.3 478.3 970.2 78.1 91.9 235.0 345.6 4.494.9 92.7 621.5 429.1 677.3 438.6 736.3 387.5 637.3 474.6 1,757.2 441.9 3.311.0 287.2 159.9 91.5 1.679.3 318.9 774.2 10,083.4 4.997.8 1.642.0 3.443.6 9.067.6 2.411.3 1.120.4 2.871.0 1.819.5 845.4 3.044.3 630.3 499.7 1.047.8 77.9 99.6 268.2 420.8 5.013.6 100.0 714.3 521.7 785.3 473.6 783.5 416.5 701.9 516.8 1.989.4 477.7 626.6 608.4 276.7 2.705.9 280.9 531.8 411.4 1.481.8 1.057.9 120.6 106.9 63.0 304.5 98.5 135.2 170.7 58.5 3.722.7 660.1 373.0 2.689.6 3.412.1 297.1 148.5 90.7 1.759.0 317.4 799.4 10,475.1 5.226.3 1.736.6 3.512.2 9.705.1 2.606.9 1,197. 7 2.979.6 2,034.0 886.9 3.215.9 671.5 517.5 1.098.7 77.1 94.0 287.0 470.1 5.233.4 107.1 761.0 526.3 788.0 466.6 812.7 428.5 760.1 583.1 2.083.4 481.1 683.1 632.7 286.5 2.971.5 280.8 579.4 447.0 1.664.3 1.079.5 117.9 3,279. 2 282.1 146.3 91.0 1,705. 2 300.2 754.4 10,316.8 5,182. 7 1,693. 7 3.440.4 9,588.2 2,558.1 1.170.0 2.955.1 2.003.1 901.9 3,164. 2 667.9 515.1 1.066.5 79.7 92.4 287.1 455.5 5.048.1 103.3 708.2 505.1 748.9 458.8 779.4 408.6 753.3 582.5 2,081.0 475.2 708.0 618.4 279.4 2.914.4 267.8 571.8 435.8 1,639.0 1.037.2 116.6 3, 111. 1 258.3 147.3 90.6 1,647.1 279.1 688.7 9,966.8 5,061.3 1,572.9 3,332.6 9,067.5 2,418.0 1,100.6 2,854.4 1, 797.9 896.6 3,123.3 678.2 510.4 1,053.8 80.9 94.4 284.7 420.9 4,868.2 97.4 651.6 487.2 728.3 460.9 759.2 396.0 725.4 562.2 1,995.6 466.4 682.0 579.1 268.1 2,816.9 273.1 540.6 424.0 1,579.2 1,037.6 116.5 1 02.8 65.0 293.5 105.9 136.5 169.1 48.3 4,052.6 706.5 384.8 2,961.3 3,220. 7 259.7 161.6 96.3 1,701.1 287.0 715.0 10,312.3 5,324.8 1,561.9 3,425.6 9,412.1 2,532.1 1,108.2 2,989.1 1,853.8 928.9 3,224.2 732.7 537.8 1,080.5 89.7 100.5 280.2 402.8 5,042.2 103.9 649.9 495.3 745.5 482.7 827.8 411.6 732.1 593.4 2,006.1 487. 6 676.4 561.8 280.3 2,857.2 270.5 543.5 412.0 1,63L2 1,093.1 126.8 114.5 67.2 312.1 115.1 135.4 168.9 53.1 4,014.8 649.4 392.8 2,972.6 3,333.3 262.8 168.6 99.0 1,731.1 298.0 773.8 10,813. 0 5,518.2 1,622.6 3,672.2 10,066.9 2,708.3 1,194.2 3,164. 8 2,013.7 985.9 3,413.6 765.8 576.7 1,136.0 97.4 109.5 301.4 426.8 5,268. 7 110.5 673.3 476.6 772.1 519.7 879.6 436.1 759.4 641.4 2,148.0 529.6 716.8 610.4 291.2 3,058.6 286.1 592.4 437.3 1,742.8 1,169.5 138.2 1 22.6 73.2 335.0 122.7 145.7 178.5 53.6 4,170.5 670.9 419.6 3,080.0 3,372.7 265.4 172.9 98.8 1,760.4 299.4 775.8 10,978.6 5,596.1 1,657.1 3, 725.4 10,326.6 2,785.5 1,226.9 3,205.6 2,093.9 1,014.7 3,524.8 792.7 595.8 1,162.0 103.2 115.0 313.3 442.8 5,420.4 114.5 697.1 483.4 785.9 550.9 895.0 456.4 779.3 657.9 2,242.1 556.7 753.8 629.0 302.6 3,224.5 294.3 617.9 462.7 1,849.6 1,220.5 145.3 125.0 79.6 344.7 134.3 154.7 183.9 53.0 4,281.4 685.5 433.1 3,162. 8 3,233.8 252.1 163.8 95.2 1,711.6 281.1 730.0 10,623.1 5,472. 5 1,595.6 3,555.0 9,936.2 2,654.7 1,187. 7 3,088.1 2,018.9 986.8 3,492.6 775.1 592.9 1,142. 6 106.2 116.2 311.7 447.9 5,324.6 113.0 685.6 489.3 775.4 523.1 8 68 .2 443.1 769.6 657.3 2,160.0 536.7 722.1 604.5 296.7 3,218.0 288.0 623.1 466.0 1,840.9 1,220. 7 147.0 126.2 79.0 338.4 140.9 153.9 183.9 51.4 4,178.3 671.4 418.8 3,088.1 3,344.8 253.9 168.3 96.9 1, 761.0 298.6 766.1 10,876.4 5,576.0 1,657.1 3,643.3 10,368.2 2, 759.8 1,272.4 3,160.0 2,153.9 1,022.1 3,607.8 803.1 609.6 1,184.9 108.7 118.5 319.2 463.8 5,564.3 120.5 716.1 497.8 805.4 524.3 927.8 461.4 806.6 704.4 2,247.1 556. 6 759.3 619.6 311.6 3,332.8 298.3 636.2 476.9 1,921.4 1,276.4 149.0 131.6 80.4 358.2 151.6 161.6 190.2 53.8 4,330.7 683.7 437.6 3,209.4 3,506.2 271.7 175.0 99.8 1,822.9 308.1 828.7 11,361.4 5,755. 3 1,768.1 3,838.0 10,939.8 2,953.2 1,353.1 3,296.7 2,265.6 1,071.2 3,797. 7 835.8 631.1 1,257.0 109.3 120 .0 333.7 510.8 5,964.3 129.1 769.1 534.2 869.4 537.5 987.2 505.8 872.3 759.7 2,401.3 598.9 805.9 662.8 333.7 3,596.3 319.0 669.5 504.3 2,103.5 1,374.6 151.0 138.7 82.7 393.4 161.1 180.6 208.6 58.5 4, 714.6 734.7 461.6 3,518.3 3,513. 8 276.4 175.8 99.8 1,810.0 304.2 847.6 11,450.5 5,827. 7 1,804.0 3,818.8 11,071. 0 3,005.5 1,360.4 3,350.3 2,274.8 1,080.0 3,878. 9 843.8 629.5 1,288.5 113.0 122.3 344.3 537.5 6,152. 6 134.1 792.8 536.5 898.2 526.4 1,006.5 544.3 905.0 808.8 2,467.1 619.6 826.5 681.4 339.6 3,736.0 323.2 684.4 526.6 2,201.8 1,442.1 155.3 137.8 85.7 412.6 171.4 197.5 215.7 6 6.1 4,951. 5 745.8 467.9 3,737.8 3,586.5 275.5 177.9 103.5 1,845.0 304.2 880.4 11,695.9 5,935.6 1,850.2 3,910.1 11,569.1 3,150.2 1,422.4 3,443.7 2,455.5 1,097.3 3,946.1 874.5 631.5 1,308.0 114.8 124.5 349.1 543.7 6,233.0 139.2 814.7 516.8 903.2 513.1 1,023. 7 543.8 929.7 848.8 2,520. 6 631.2 852.6 692.7 344.1 3,791.0 319.6 711.4 535.3 2,224.7 1,474.8 156.5 135.8 87.6 417.4 179.4 207.5 218.5 72.1 5,097.9 748.7 468.5 3,880. 7 3,491.6 270.3 177.0 101.6 1,791.9 290.5 860.3 11,341.5 5,828.3 1,820.8 3,692.4 11,055.4 3,028.3 1,319.9 3,317.0 2,320.6 1,069.6 3,880.5 862.9 619.1 1,267.0 116.7 125.4 348.4 541.0 6,121. 6 135.2 802.8 498.6 880.2 475.4 1,012.0 519.7 915.0 882.7 2,458.4 598. 7 842.2 678.0 . 339.5 3,750.9 311.3 708.8 531.3 2,199.5 1,462.0 157.2 133.4 85.7 411.9 175.4 209.2 213.2 76.0 5,063.7 741.4 456.2 3,866.1 573*. 8 653.6 328.7 553.5 424.4 1,536.6 401.7 494.1 427.6 213.2 2.094.2 201.3 434.4 332.4 1,126.1 832.8 114.8 88.7 55.5 236.4 83.8 100.7 115.5 37.4 2.670.3 465.4 273.1 1,931.8 500.7 245.8 2,353.6 230.7 489.2 358.0 1,275. 7 910.7 119.7 96.2 60.5 257.9 91.0 111.4 132.3 41.7 3.117.8 540.2 312.7 2.264.9 102.2 64.9 305.0 99.8 144.7 189.2 55.8 4.239.2 735.5 420.1 3.083.6 102.1 65.1 289.4 101.2 140.6 173.3 48.9 4,304.7 772.1 416.2 3.116.4 1955 3,548.9 275.1 183.5 102.1 1,818.4 295.0 874.8 11,530.2 5.917.1 1.865.3 3,747.8 11,503.4 3,128.7 1.377.4 3.410.0 2.479.2 1.108.1 882.0 632.4 1,286.2 115.7 128.2 355.0 543.8 6,392.2 143.6 835.4 502.9 912.0 480.5 1,059.4 533.0 959.5 965.9 2,544.7 620.2 867.6 702.9 354.0 321.0 725.5 550.9 2.291.2 1.537.9 162.1 138.5 85.7 432.9 182.9 226.0 225.3 84.5 5.326.3 768.0 475.4 4.082.9 2 T A B L E 47. Employees on Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Region and State, 1 9 3 9 -7 1 — Continued [In thousands] Region and State 1956 1957 1958 N ew England___________________ Maine____________ _____________ N ew Hampshire....... .................... V erm ont_______________________ Massachusetts_________________ R hode Island__________________ Connecticut___________________ Middle A tlantic__________________ N ew Y ork _____________________ N ew Jersey____________________ Pennsylvania__________________ East N orth Central______ _____ O hio___________________________ Indiana________________________ Illinois_________________________ Michigan______________________ Wisconsin. ____________________ West N orth Central_____________ Minnesota_____________________ Iow a___________________________ Missouri_______________________ North D akota_________________ South D akota_________________ Nebraska______________ ______ Kansas________________________ South A tlantic___________________ Delaware______ ________ ____ Maryland______________________ District of C olum bia__________ Virginia________________________ West Virginia__________________ North Carolina________________ South Carolina________________ Georgia________________________ Florida________________________ East South Central______________ K en tu cky_____________________ Tennessee_____________________ A labam a__________ __________ Mississippi_____________________ West South Central______________ Arkansas______________________ Louisiana______________________ Oklahoma_____________________ Texas__________________________ Mountain________________________ Montana______________ _______ Idaho__________________________ W yom ing______________________ Colorado_______________________ New Mexico___________________ Arizona________________________ U tah__________________________ N evada________________________ Pacific___________________________ Washington____________________ Oregon_________________________ California______________________ Alaska____ .. ______ _______ Hawaii. . ________ _____ 3, 647. 3 279. 4 186. 9 106.0 1, 865. 6 296.0 913.4 11,851. 5 6,092. 5 1,933. 5 3,825. 5 11, 749.8 3, 219. 6 1,405. 7 3,537. 8 2,439. 8 1,146. 9 4,031. 9 909. 4 649.2 1, 313. 9 119. 5 132. 9 356.7 550.3 6,689. 7 156.5 870.3 508. 7 955. 5 502. 3 1,099. 3 542. 9 994.2 1,060.0 2,634. 8 649.0 886.7 734.7 364.4 4,064.1 333.1 771.5 563.4 2,396.1 1, 624. 5 168.6 145.4 87.7 452.3 197.8 251. 3 235. 7 85.7 5, 629.1 784.8 492.0 4,352. 3 3,648.1 273.5 188.9 106.0 1,873. 0 285.0 921.7 11,990.6 6,179. 0 1,968. 3 3,843. 3 11, 724. 7 3,230.4 1,408.1 3, 558. 2 2,376.0 1,152.0 4,058.1 919.2 653.7 1,322. 1 121.0 131.6 356.1 554.4 6,827. 5 154.2 882.0 514.4 972.0 508. 5 1,101. 3 545.0 997. 4 1,152. 7 2,665. 2 656.7 886.8 754.8 366. 9 4,154.7 337.4 802.6 564.5 2,450. 2 1,685. 2 164.8 148.0 88.4 470.8 210.4 272. 7 242.0 88. 1 5,808. 2 803.3 479. 7 4, 525. 2 3,531. 9 265.1 187.7 103. 9 1,825.1 276.8 873.3 11,598.6 6,027. 2 1,911.3 3,660.1 11,070. 7 3,007.1 1,333. 0 3,411.5 i 2,204. 2 1,114. 9 4,012. 2 908. 6 646. 9 1, 297. 9 122.7 132.9 356. 9 546.3 6, 783. 9 149. 0 855.3 512.7 967.2 470.3 1,108. 8 545. 9 989.1 1,185. 6 2, 633.6 634.9 875.1 742.3 381.3 4,125. 2 343.7 782.6 557.1 2,441. 8 1, 710. 6 162.4 150.8 88.3 470. 9 220. 8 286. 8 242.3 88.3 5, 763. 2 789. 6 475.0 4,498. 6 1Data not strictly comparable with prior years. 1959 1950 3, 700. 6 3,649. 7 273.3 277.5 196.1 200. 7 107.4 107.9 1,888.0 1, 907. 4 287.0 291. 7 915.4 897. 9 11, 775. 9 11,911.9 6,128. 0 6,181. 9 1,970. 5 2,017. 1 3,677. 4 3, 712.9 11,472. 9 11, 643. 2 3,112. 5 3,147. 2 i 1,397. 0 1,431. 4 3,500.0 3, 522. 0 2,297. 4 2,350. 7 1,166. 0 1,191.9 4,133. 8 4,193. 3 932.6 959. 8 681.0 674.5 1,332.9 1, 344. 5 127.7 126.3 137. 9 141.5 381.2 369. 2 559.0 559.0 7,052. 5 7, 213. 0 151.4 153.8 876.1 896. 4 525.7 535.5 1,000.5 1,017. 6 465.2 460.0 1,163. 7 1,195. 5 566.8 582.5 1,030.1 1,051.1 1,273.0 1,320. 6 1, 759. 5 2, 715 9 647.3 653.6 907.0 925. 5 764.4 776.4 397.2 404.0 4,234.7 4, 270. 3 367.2 359.4 789.1 789. 8 573.2 581.6 2, 513.0 2, 531. 7 1,872. 9 1, 797. 2 166.8 165.1 154.9 155. 2 97.2 92.6 515.4 492.5 236.3 233.5 333.8 308.9 253.5 264.8 96.2 103.4 6,085. 8 * 6,463. 2 812.6 812.8 509.2 498. 2 4, 774.8 4,896. 0 56.6 188.8 1961 1962 1963 3, 719.0 277.1 201. 9 107.3 1,918.5 291.6 922.6 11,826. 6 6,157. 7 2,033. 7 3,635. 2 11,366.9 3,044. 3 1,408.4 3,487. 4 2, 246. 9 1,179. 9 4,185. 6 958.0 679.6 1,326. 5 126.4 146.7 387.3 561.1 7,274. 3 151. 9 910. 5 548.3 1,034. 8 448.1 1, 209.1 587.0 1,050. 7 1,333. 9 2, 765. 3 648.0 934.0 774.6 408.7 4, 287. 4 376.0 780.6 586.7 2,544.1 1,926. 6 167.1 159.1 96.7 536.7 236.2 347.1 274.0 109.7 6, 574. 6 818.5 509.1 4,996.1 57.1 193. 8 3, 798. 7 279.5 207.9 110.5 .1,952. 7 298. 3 949. 8 12,049. 8 6,261. 3 2,098.1 3,692. 4 11,651. 7 3,099. 2 1,461. 3 3,557. 0 2,337. 0 1,207. 2 4, 271. 0 985.6 686.4 1,350.1 130.7 152.7 393.4 572.1 7,550. 2 156.1 948. 8 567.2 1,081. 8 447.5 1, 258. 5 609.8 1,092. 7 1,387. 8 2,861. 1 674.2 969. 4 791. 8 425.7 4,418. 3 396.8 795. 2 601.5 2, 624. 8 2,004. 6 171. 7 164.6 95. 5 551.5 242.6 364.8 287.3 126.6 6, 856.4 856.6 528.0 5,217. 7 58. 9 195. 2 3, 821. 3 279.6 208.8 111.5 1,954. 0 298.1 969.3 12,095. 0 6, 273. 7 2,129. 3 3,692.0 11,888.7 3,145.1 1,498. 7 3,599. 0 2,412.4 1,233.5 4,341. 2 1,002.8 701.2 1,378. 0 133.1 151.6 398.7 572.8 7,817. 6 163.4 979. 3 584.9 1,123. 8 449. 9 1, 298. 6 630.6 1,139. 7 1,447. 4 2,961. 6 702. 9 1,002. 5 812.5 443.7 4, 543. 5 414. 9 817.0 611.5 2, 700.1 2,065. 5 174.6 164.7 96.8 565. 9 248.6 377.2 294. 7 143.0 7,073.4 850.7 548.7 5, 412. 3 62.1 199. 6 1954 3,875. 4 235.1 2 12.8 113.7 1,963. 7 303.9 991. 2 12,312. 2 6,370. 7 2,163. 5 3, 773.0 12,247. 4 3, 216. 3 1, 545. 7 3,696. 4 2, 518. 1 1,270. 9 4,447. 2 1,029. 7 720.4 1,412. 6 142.0 151.4 406.0 585.7 8,122. 7 170.5 1,011.8 598.2 1,163. 0 460.9 1,353. 7 651.4 1,186. 7 1,526. 5 3,070.8 721.7 1,045. 5 • 843.8 459.8 4, 710. 5 429.0 855. 9 624.3 2,801. 3 2,108.2 176.2 168.6 97.7 577.4 255.7 389. 1 294.2 149. 3 7,307. 6 854. 9 573.0 5, 606.5 65.4 207.8 1965 1963 1957 1958 1969 1970 4,011.5 295. 4 2 20 .8 121.3 2,024.4 316.7 1,032. 9 12,683. 8 6,518. 7 2,255. 7 3,914. 4 12,878. 2 3,364. 3 1,631.1 3,863. 7 2, 687. 4 1,331.7 4,623. 6 1,081. 7 754.6 1,472. 3 145.5 154.7 415.9 598.9 8,552.4 184.1 1,059.9 619.1 1, 218. 9 476.6 1,431. 2 686.1 1, 257.1 1,619. 4 3,239. 2 758.9 1,108. 5 886.5 485.3 4,934. 0 455.3 905. 5 647.9 2,925. 3 2,173.1 181.3 177.6 97.4 592. 5 262. 5 403.7 300.7 157.4 7,594. 2 896.6 607.4 5,800. 3 70.5 219. 4 4,209. 3 309.2 235. 2 130.8 2,108. 7 330.0 1,095. 4 13,141. 2 6, 709. 5 2,358.4 4,073. 3 13,607. 8 3,537. 3 1, 737. 2 4,077. 5 2,861. 7 1,394.1 4,872. 2 1,149. 6 806.5 1, 548.1 147.7 159.3 431.3 629. 7 9,082. 7 192.7 1,134. 8 641.0 1, 285. 3 495.1 1,534. 2 734.9 1,337. 9 1, 726. 8 2,442. 3 803.0 1,184. 4 935. 6 519. 3 5, 234. 2 485.4 965. 6 682.1 3,101.1 2, 281.0 186.7 184 8 97.9 624.6 271.8 434.8 318.3 162.1 8,087.3 988.6 639.3 6,145. 2 73.1 232.1 4,335. 4 316.9 244.0 136.3 2,169. 8 338.3 1,130.1 13,446. 4 6,858. 3 2,420. 9 4,167. 2 13,923. 0 3, 619. 8 1, 777. 0 4,191. 9 2,903. 8 1,430. 5 5,038. 2 1,201.1 836.5 1, 589. 5 150.9 163.3 446.5 650.4 9,443. 4 197.3 1,181. 7 664.1 1,330. 2 503.6 1,600.9 754.5 1,394. 7 1,816.4 3,537. 6 835.1 1, 218. 8 951. 8 531. 9 5,460.9 497.9 1,005.0 706.3 3, 251. 7 2,338. 4 190.2 187.7 99. 6 648.9 1 272.7 445.6 327.5 166.2 8,382. 7 1,045. 5 651.0 6,367. 6 76.9 241.7 4,432. 7 323.2 251.8 140.3 2,216. 4 343.0 1,158. 0 13, 747. 5 7,001. 7 2,486. 3 4,259. 5 14,270. 7 3,750.8 1,817. 4 4,267.1 2,953.3 1,472.1 5,175. 2 1,244.8 856.8 1, 625.1 155.2 167.2 456.3 669.8 9,847. 9 202.4 1,227. 0 675.4 1,385.4 508.4 1, 678. 5 782. 9 1,455. 6 1,932. 3 3, 650 5 8 68 .6 1,264.1 970.1 547.7 5, 687. 5 512.5 1,028. 2 727.2 3,419. 6 2,434. 8 194. 8 192. 9 103.4 679.5 276.7 473.4 336.8 177.3 8, 754. 8 1,099. 6 677.9 6, 642.1 79. 9 255.3 4, 552. 5 330.0 259.2 145.5 2, 277. 5 346.2 1,194.1 14,126. 0 7,182. 0 2,572. 9 4,371.1 14, 736.1 3,887.3 1,880.3 4,358.3 3,085.1 1,525.1 5,332.1 1,301. 2 878.6 1, 665. 9 157.4 172.7 472.0 684.3 10,286. 6 210.3 1,276.1 681.4 1,438.1 512.3 1, 747. 0 819.8 1,531. 7 2,069. 9 3, 773. 0 895.2 1,309. 8 1,000. 2 567.8 5,926.1 530.7 1,041. 0 755.2 3,599. 2 2, 568. 0 197. 7 201.4 107.6 713.2 287.6 517.2 349. 8 193.5 9,122. 2 1,120. 7 707.3 6, 931. 5 8 6 .8 275. 9 4,489.8 332.2 259.9 148.1 2, 208. 9 343.2 1,197. 5 14,109.1 7,152. 9 2,608. 9 4,347.3 14,593. 6 3,880. 7 1,849. 0 4,328. 6 3,034. 9 1,530. 4 5,355. 7 1,312. 2 882.8 1,662. 0 162.7 176.9 482.1 677.0 10, 510.8 213.1 1,300. 7 680.7 1,465.1 516.7 1, 782. 9 842.0 1, 557. 5 2,152.1 3,825. 8 910.6 1,327. 6 1,010. 4 577.2 5,981. 7 534.3 1,041. 6 769.5 3,636. 3 2,662. 7 201.4 207.8 109.0 742.7 292.7 547.4 358.7 203.0 9,123. 7 1,080. 0 709.2 6,947. 7 93.1 293.7 2Beginning 1960, data include Alaska and Hawaii. 1971 4, 496. 7 330.3 257.5 148.3 2,255.1 339.4 1,166.1 13, 879. 5 6,996. 9 2,597. 3 4,285. 3 14,426. 4 3,823. 3 1,825. 9 4,273. 6 2,973. 4 1, 525. 2 5,322. 5 1,302.3 883.4 1, 635. 6 165.2 179.2 488.0 6 68.8 10, 669. 4 213.3 1,316.0 683.3 1,497. 2 520.2 1, 794. 3 861.2 1, 575. 2 2,208. 7 3,888. 8 927. 6 1,353. 8 1,016. 7 590. 7 6,040. 7 541.9 1,048. 7 779.1 3,671. 0 2,756.4 203.7 214.2 111.1 772.5 300.8 576.6 369.4 208.1 9,092. 3 1,054. 3 726.1 6,914. 9 95.3 301.7 T A B L E 48. Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by Region and State, 1939-71 [In thousands] Region and State 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 N ew E ngland_____ __________________ M ain e... _________________________ N ew Hampshire___________ . . . V erm ont_____________________________ Massachusetts____________ ___ ____ R hode Island. ____________________ C onnecticut__________________________ Middle A tlantic________________________ N ew Y ork ___________________________ N ew Jersey__________________________ Pennsylvania__________ ______ ____ East North Central____________________ O hio_________________________________ Indiana_____ ______ ________________ Illinois_______________________________ Michigan_____________________________ Wisconsin____________________________ West North Central____________________ Minnesota__________ ______ ________ Iow a_____________________ __________ Missouri______________________________ North D akota_______________________ South D a k ota ________________________ Nebraska__________ ________________ Kansas_______________________________ South A tlantic____________________ _____ Delaware_________________ _______ M aryland____ . ____ ______________ District of C olum bia_________________ V irginia_______________________ ____ West Virginia________________________ North Carolina______________________ South Carolina_______ _____________ Georgia______________________________ Florida ____________________________ East South Central____________________ K en tu cky____________________________ Tennessee____________________________ Alabam a_____________________________ M ississippi... ____________ _________ West South Central____________ _____ Arkansas_____________________________ Louisiana____ . _______ ______ _____ Oklahom a_______ __________________ Texas________________________________ Mountain______________________ ______ Montana_____________________________ Idaho__________________________ ___ W yom ing_____________________________ Colorado_____________________________ N ew M exico__________________________ Arizona______________________________ U tah_________________________________ N evada______________________________ Pacific__________________________________ Washington__________________________ O regon_______________________________ California____________________________ Alaska_____________________ ________ H aw aii_______________________________ 1,178. 8 95.1 69.2 28.0 574.4 128.9 283.2 2,998.9 1,356. 3 584.7 1,057. 9 2,809. 6 767.6 352.5 804.3 626.4 258.8 531.3 112.2 91.8 237.8 4.3 7.4 30.0 47.8 1, 212. 9 29.5 172.4 15.4 172.6 95.5 321.0 145.4 189. 7 71.4 450.2 8 6.2 162.8 142.0 59.2 375.6 47.0 103.2 42.4 183.0 96.7 12.2 13. 9 4.4 35.0 3.8 8.5 17.5 1.4 588.4 120.1 83.9 384.4 1, 229. 6 96.9 67.2 29.6 590. 5 130.3 315.1 3, 211. 6 1,461.2 619.8 1,130. 6 3,079. 3 841.4 383.7 857.5 717.0 279.7 554. 9 117.6 95.6 247.4 4.6 8.1 30.7 50.9 1, 261. 2 32.1 188.0 15.7 181.2 99. 5 325. 9 149.0 193. 9 75. 9 460. 9 91. 9 164.6 145.8 58.6 394. 7 49.2 104.1 45.4 196. 0 102.8 13.5 15.4 4.3 36.8 4.9 9.0 17.6 1.3 658. 9 133. 9 84.8 440.2 1,491. 9 115.1 77.8 36.4 701.8 160.2 400.6 3,831. 6 1, 738. 4 741.3 1,351. 9 3, 747. 6 1,037. 9 476.8 1,024. 6 869. 8 338.5 643.7 137.4 107.3 286. 7 5.0 8.7 34.0 64.6 1,465.1 39. 7 226.5 16.6 213.3 120. 2 361.0 169.0 233.2 85.6 561.8 108.5 196. 4 183.5 73.4 448.8 57.4 114.7 51.4 225.3 116.2 15.5 16.7 4.6 42.9 5.1 9.9 2 0 .0 1.5 860.8 163.5 103.7 593.6 1,644. 6 139. 8 80.7 41.1 756.2 165.4 461.4 4,258. 9 1,933. 8 842.8 1,482.3 4, 206. 5 1,203. 2 541.0 1,123. 4 953. 9 385.0 822.6 173.9 137.5 348.0 5.3 1 0.0 44.6 103.3 1,664.0 46.2 295.3 16.5 48.1 128.3 384.5 181.4 262.6 101.1 663.0 118.4 221.3 239.8 83.5 585.1 69.2 142.7 64.2 309. 0 152.8 15.9 16.5 5.4 61.9 5.2 12.9 30.6 4.4 1, 261. 4 236.3 149.1 876.0 1, 784. 8 145.0 77.8 42.4 841.7 170. 9 507.0 4, 747. 9 2,189.1 961. 2 1, 597. 6 4,927.9 1,387. 6 636.5 1, 274. 9 1,181. 8 447.1 1,024. 0 218.7 163.0 417.5 5.8 10.4 62.4 146.2 1, 861. 3 55.2 351. 1 17.8 255.1 133.6 412.2 192.8 304.7 138.8 744.7 133.3 257.8 258.5 95.1 776.8 76.7 170.7 99. 7 429. 7 174.5 15. 7 16.4 5.4 69.7 5.6 19.7 33.9 8 .1 1, 648. 3 289.1 193. 7 1,165. 5 1, 686. 3 134.0 76.6 43.3 804.5 160.6 467.3 4, 678. 7 2,148. 2 933. 7 1, 596. 8 4,906. 3 1,356. 5 622.6 1, 299. 0 1,171. 5 456.7 1,008. 8 219. 8 159. 3 400.6 6 .2 10.4 63.1 149. 4 1, 798. 8 53.9 324. 7 17.4 243.4 133.3 396. 8 181.3 309.6 138.4 760. 5 140.1 273.1 251. 7 95.6 791.6 77.0 182.4 102. 1 430. 1 158. 1 15. 6 18.5 5.5 57.9 5.9 23.4 25.3 6 .0 1, 581. 5 283.3 188.5 1,109. 7 1,503. 4 113.2 74.5 41.2 734.0 142.3 398.2 4, 284. 8 1,989. 8 814.5 1,480.5 4,327. 7 1,215. 0 539.0 1,182. 8 960.9 430.0 913. 8 209.7 144.9 369.4 5. 7 1 0.2 58.6 115.3 1,632. 4 46.6 271.4 16.7 225.3 134.4 374.3 175.2 278.3 1 10.2 699.6 131.2 257.5 223.4 87.5 692. 0 69. 5 164.0 89. 2 369. 3 148. 9 14.5 17.9 5.7 57.4 6 .2 2 0.1 23.9 3.2 1, 249. 3 236.1 152.4 860.8 1,492.4 113.9 81.0 41.3 722.1 148.7 385.4 4,163. 0 1,986.1 745. 6 1,431. 3 4,208.4 1,187. 7 502.0 1,173.1 938.3 407.3 808.2 195.5 137. 9 333.0 5.9 10.3 46.9 78. 7 1, 596. 8 45.4 235.2 18.3 226.7 132.3 391. 7 190.2 265.1 91.9 662.7 129.1 240.4 203.6 89.6 583.0 68. 7 145.6 57.6 311. 1 142.8 15.9 2 0.1 6 .0 55. 7 7. 1 12.4 22.4 3.2 1,001. 8 170.4 124.7 706.7 1, 543. 4 115.1 83.5 40.8 730.7 154. 7 418.6 4,331. 0 1,994. 3 782.6 1,554.1 4, 556. 9 1,267. 3 555.5 1, 253. 2 1,041. 7 439.2 864.3 204.5 151.6 354.7 6.3 11.5 51.7 84.0 1,662. 2 47.2 234.5 19.2 236.8 138.5 411.8 203.0 275.5 95.7 710.0 138.4 255.5 224.2 91.9 625.4 75.1 157.2 62.4 330.7 160.0 18.4 21.1 6. 7 60.3 8. 1 14. 9 27.0 3.5 1,034. 9 178.2 134.9 721.8 1, 530.1 113.7 83.3 38.8 732.6 153.6 408.1 4,329. 3 1,976.5 786.3 1, 566. 5 4, 552. 0 1, 259. 8 560.6 1, 229. 5 1,058. 3 443.8 870.6 203.6 154.5 356.4 6.3 11.7 51.5 86. 6 1,694.9 49.9 239. 9 19.0 238. 1 141.8 414.8 211.1 282. 0 98.3 719. 4 141.0 261.4 227.0 90.0 647.8 77.0 157.4 66.5 346. 9 163.7 18.4 21.9 6.7 60.4 8 .8 15.7 28.3 3.5 1,053.1 179.2 139.7 734.2 1, 390. 5 105.5 75.2 35.3 685.0 135.3 354.2 3,994.4 1,853.2 721.8 1,419. 4 4,194. 5 1,140.1 519.7 1,142. 0 981.2 411.5 841.3 192.6 150.3 340.4 6. 1 1 1.6 50.9 89.4 1,589. 0 48.0 224.1 18.8 221 .6 128.6 387.1 200.5 265.3 95.0 654.0 132.2 238.0 206.4 77.4 621.8 70.0 143. 9 64. 1 343.8 157.1 17.8 2 0 .6 6.4 56.8 8.9 14.9 28.5 3.2 1,003. 2 174.0 127. 7 701.5 1,468. 6 109.0 79.1 36. 9 715. 7 148.0 379.9 4,152. 8 1,915. 8 756.4 1,480. 6 4,493. 4 1, 217. 7 580.1 1,197. 9 1,063. 2 434.5 874.0 200.7 154.4 353. 8 6 .1 11.6 52.1 95.3 1,681.8 51.3 232. 9 19.2 229.5 131.4 418.3 210.4 286.5 102.3 692. 5 140.1 249. 9 216. 1 86.4 649. 9 75. 7 145.0 65.6 363.6 168.4 18.0 22.4 6.4 61.6 10.1 17.0 29.4 3.5 1,076. 3 178.6 138.0 759. 7 1, 563. 8 116.2 83.2 39.9 746.9 150. 9 426.7 4,416.1 2,006. 5 821.2 1, 588. 4 4,805.1 1,336. 9 624.4 1, 261. 6 1,112. 0 470.2 958.6 213.5 171.3 378.3 6.3 11.8 57.4 1 20.0 1, 793. 7 56.3 259.0 19.7 245.2 139. 9 432. 9 219. 8 307.1 113.8 740.3 153.2 267.5 225.3 94.3 719. 8 82.5 151.2 73.2 412. 9 188.0 18.1 24.6 6.5 68.5 1 0.6 23.5 32.4 3.8 1, 239. 6 196. 7 150.4 892. 5 1, 553. 6 116.4 82.1 39.3 732. 9 146.1 436.8 4,435. 9 2,045. 2 832.9 1, 557. 8 4,822. 3 1,354.8 625. 7 1,271. 0 1,096. 9 473. 9 1,008.1 219. 5 174.1 394.6 6 .6 12.4 62.3 138.6 1,817. 9 58.9 263.1 19.9 251.4 136.3 435.0 221.5 311.0 120 .8 750.2 150.5 278.0 226.4 95.3 754.1 82.2 155.2 80.2 436.5 195. 6 18.0 23.9 6 .6 70.4 1 0.8 29.3 32. 2 4.4 1,339. 4 196.5 148.3 994. 6 1, 599. 8 115.2 83.2 41.4 752.2 146.3 461.5 4,623.1 2,118. 9 856.2 1,648. 0 5,167. 8 1,444. 2 681.4 1,340. 4 1, 222. 0 479.8 1,051. 5 231.0 175.6 421.3 6.5 12.4 63.8 140. 9 1,879. 2 61.1 275.0 2 0.0 259. 4 137.9 448.7 227.4 321.1 128.6 789. 4 161. 7 294.2 234. 9 98. 6 784.4 83.3 165.8 85.0 450.3 199. 4 18.3 24.3 7.1 71. 1 1 0.8 29.4 33.7 4.7 1,407. 9 200.7 146.4 1,060.8 1,471. 7 106. 9 79.9 37.7 692.2 130.0 425.0 4, 296. 7 2,005. 9 802.1 1,488. 7 4, 632.4 1,311.8 590.0 1, 227. 5 1,061. 2 441.9 983.9 216. 3 164. 6 387. 6 6. 6 12.1 60. 9 135. 8 1, 813. 3 56. 7 259. 0 19.0 247.0 127. 3 436.8 220.4 312.3 134.8 755. 3 153. 6 279. 6 226.4 95. 7 761. 2 80. 8 155. 9 83. 0 441. 5 193. 9 18.3 24.3 7.0 67. 9 10. 7 28.0 32. 6 5.1 1,382. 0 194. 9 138.5 1,048. 6 See fo o t n o t e s a t en d o f ta b le. 105 1955 1,484.1 108.3 83.1 37.1 700.7 131. 7 423.2 4,327. 5 2,006. 8 811.1 1,509. 6 4, 893.6 1,368. 3 628.6 1,274.5 1,164. 2 458.0 985.0 216.3 171.0 388. 7 6 .6 12.0 61.5 128.9 1,903. 5 59.3 266.3 18.9 254.9 130.5 460.4 231.4 334.9 146.9 805. 7 168.1 296. 6 236.3 104. 7 790.1 85. 7 154. 8 88. 5 461.1 208.4 20.4 25. 8 6. 8 69. 4 12. 2 32. 7 35. 1 6 .0 1,474. 8 207.5 146.2 1,121.1 o O' T A B L E 48. Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by Region and State, 1 9 3 9 -7 1 — Continued [[n thousands] Region and State 1956 1957 New England_________________________________ Maine_______________________________________ New Hampshire__ ___ . Vermont_______ ____ __ _ . . . ____ _ __ .. Massachusetts.. _____________ .. ____ ____ Rhode Island______________ __ ____________ Connecticut___ ____ _ ___ ________________ Middle Atlantic_______________________________ New Y ork__________________________________ ___ _____ _____ New Jersey_______ . Pennsylvania.. . . . . . . ________ East North Central _ ._ ___ Ohio___________ ___ ' ____ ________________ Indiana__ . . . _ . . . . _______ ____ ____ Illinois______________________________________ Michigan _ . _ ___ Wisconsin___ .. .. __ ____ ____ . . West North Central. . _____ ______ Minnesota _____ ____ Iowa. Missouri . .. ____ _____ . North Dakota . . _____ _ .. South Dakota .. .. ___ Nebraska . ___ .. Kansas. _ . ... . ... South Atlantic________________________________ Delaware . . Maryland. . . District of Columbia .. _. ______ Virginia _ . . . . . . . . . _______ West Virginia.. __ ____ _______ North Carolina __.. ____ South Carolina . . . .. .. _____ .. ___ - ____ Georgia. . .. Florida . . . ________ East South Central .. . ____ Kentucky __ __ ____ Tennessee _____ ___ Alabama__ . . . . . . . . . . . _____ Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . West South Central. _______ .. Arkansas __ . ........... Louisiana. .. .. .. - ______ Oklahoma . __ ____________ Texas. . . . . __. . . Mountain _ . _ .. _______ Montana __ . . . ___ ___ ___ Idaho. .. . ___ Wyoming ... Colorado . _____ ______ New Mexico _ . ______ Arizona. .. . . . . . _______ _ _____ Utah. . ______________________ Nevada ____________ ___ ___ Pacific . . . . _____ Washington __ .. _____ Oregon . . . ____ _______ . California _______ ____ 1, 522. 2 111. 1 84.0 39.3 719.1 129. 3 439.4 4,411.8 2,042. 2 834.8 1, 534. 8 4, 882. 3 1,391. 4 623.1 1, 315. 4 1,081. 0 471.4 1,002. 3 226.3 173.3 395. 4 6.7 12.4 61.2 127.0 1,955.7 60. 9 276.7 18.8 263.2 132.9 470.6 234.0 338. 9 159. 7 828.3 174.6 304.8 242.0 106. 9 825.2 90.3 155. 4 92.6 486. 9 223.2 21.2 27. 7 7.0 72.4 14.1 37.3 37.4 6.1 1, 579. 2 213.2 148.0 1,218. 0 1,488. 2 107.2 83.6 37.1 706.4 121.2 432.7 4,395. 5 2,024. 2 835.0 1,536. 3 4, 768. 8 1,368. 8 617.1 1, 293. 6 1,025. 5 463.8 1,008. 3 230.3 170.2 396.8 6.6 12.4 61.2 130.8 1,966.2 62.1 278.1 19.5 264.6 133.0 470.3 232.0 331.3 175.3 827. 6 172.3 301.6 246.3 107.4 829. 7 87.6 153.0 90.0 499.1 230.3 20.4 25.8 7.0 76.3 14.5 40.9 39.4 6.0 1,648. 4 225.8 138.8 1,283. 8 A la s k a . . ____ _____ Hawaii______________________________________ 1 Data not strictly comparable w ith prior years. 1958 1959 1960 1,382. 3 1,450. 0 1,451.7 100.3 103.4 104.5 87.0 80.6 86.5 35.3 33.3 35.6 698.0 665.7 698.1 113.2 119. 8 119.7 389.2 407.2 406.6 4,039. 5 4,101. 7 4,126. 9 1, 866. 8 1, 892. 8 1,878. 7 808.6 775.4 801.3 1,397. 3 1,407. 6 1,439. 6 4, 235. 6 4,484. 8 4,495. 2 1,196. 5 1, 262. 6 1, 262. 8 584.4 593.9 548.1 1,171. 8 1,225. 6 1, 210. 5 967.6 952.4 i 887. 4 460.4 431.8 459.8 957.0 998.1 1,001. 4 218.6 225.1 229. 7 178.2 176.6 165.0 390. 9 392. 7 374.5 6.5 6.7 6.8 13.3 12.5 13.1 60.0 66.8 63.8 120.0 116.0 119.7 1,911.3 2,004.8 2,040.1 57.7 57.5 58.8 257.3 259. 9 257.8 20.2 19.6 20.2 269. 9 275. 0 257.8 122.2 124.6 126.6 496. 9 509.3 469. 6 227.4 244.8 238. 4 319.6 340.8 338.8 199. 2 206.7 179. 6 797.4 835.3 844.1 171.6 161.4 170.5 315.6 289. 7 307. 5 237.0 238.0 233.3 113.0 119.3 119. 9 818.2 820.4 799.9 102.3 99.1 90.1 142.0 143.3 143.8 87.0 86. 6 85.1 488.8 489. 5 480.9 247.2 263.7 229.3 20.4 20.2 19. 9 28.5 28.8 25.8 7.6 8.4 6.9 87.7 75.3 80.8 16.7 16.8 15.6 49.3 46.1 41.4 42.2 47.0 38.9 5.4 5.3 5.2 1,573.3 1, 685. 2 21,709.7 216.6 225.9 219.3 144.4 136.6 146.7 1,217.4 1,312. 6 1,317.2 5.8 25. 7 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1,428. 2 103.2 85.9 33.8 684.9 116.8 403.6 3,992.1 1,823.0 791.1 1,378. 0 4,232. 9 1,181. 3 568.2 1,165. 0 879.4 439.0 977. 5 229.2 171.2 375.7 6.3 13.7 66.6 114.8 2,027.4 55.2 256.7 19.8 276.0 120.1 509. 0 246.7 333.0 210.9 829.1 165.8 313.7 230. 9 118.7 813. 9 104. 5 135. 9 86.5 487.0 273.5 20.4 29. 9 8.3 92.0 16.2 51.0 50.0 5.7 1, 705. 5 217.5 139.1 1,318. 0 5.2 25. 7 1,453. 3 104.3 88.6 35. 6 687.6 118.9 418.3 4,049. 6 1, 837. 9 812.8 1,398. 9 4,416. 9 1, 216. 2 601.8 1,199. 3 943.7 455. 9 1,008. 3 239.6 174.3 387.4 7.0 14. 1 67.9 118.0 2,111.8 55.7 258.6 19.9 292.4 122.6 530.5 260.3 349.6 222.2 874. 9 174.7 332.3 240.3 127.6 846.6 113.2 139.0 90.4 504.0 284.8 22.0 30.5 7.4 93.0 17.1 55.2 53.6 6.0 1, 789. 0 232.6 143.4 1,382. 5 5.5 25.0 1,423. 4 102.8 85.9 34.9 663.5 115.5 420.8 4,010. 0 1,804.1 809. 1 1,396. 8 4,494. 9 1, 234. 5 614.5 1, 203. 8 980.7 461.4 1,019. 7 242.7 178.5 393.8 7.8 14.8 66.5 115.6 2,164.0 58.9 260.4 19.8 297. 5 124.2 542.0 269.8 362. 9 228. 5 909. 7 182.9 345.3 247.4 134. 1 874.6 119.4 145. 9 90. 9 518.4 289. 7 22.4 30.4 7.1 93.4 16.8 58.0 54.9 6.7 1, 794.1 224.0 145.1 1,394. 3 5.7 25.0 1,411.2 104.0 85.6 34.7 649.9 116.0 421.0 4,030. 3 1, 794. 8 806.2 1,429. 3 4, 621. 3 1, 256. 9 630.9 1, 238.1 1,025. 8 469.6 1,042. 3 246.9 183.0 402.7 8.3 13.3 67.5 120.6 2,229.6 61.6 258. 1 19.9 308.6 126.2 562.3 277. 9 377. 9 237.1 951.6 192.2 362.2 257.1 140.1 916. 8 125.4 152.3 96.6 542.5 287.1 21.5 31.8 7.5 90.6 17.5 59.5 51.9 6.8 1, 791. 2 219. 3 151. 7 1,389. 4 5.6 25.2 1,459. 6 108.0 89.8 38.6 665.8 121.3 436.1 4,163. 4 1, 838.1 836.0 1,489. 3 4, 894.1 1,323. 6 673.6 1,302. 4 1,102. 6 491.9 1, 084. 9 262.1 192.4 416. 9 8.8 13.5 69.0 122.2 2,348.8 67.7 264.8 20.3 322.5 129. 2 596.2 293.3 403.0 251.8 1,022. 7 205.8 387.3 277.0 152.6 969. 2 134.2 157.8 103.0 574.2 290. 9 22.2 33.3 7.0 90.0 17.2 64.9 49.3 7.0 1,827. 2 227.0 158.2 1,411.2 6.3 24.5 1, 549. 4 115.0 96.0 43.4 696.0 127. 6 471.4 4,332. 4 1, 894. 5 878.2 1, 559. 7 5,192. 5 1,401. 8 719.7 1,393. 4 1,169. 0 508.6 1,182. 7 287. 9 211.5 445.4 8.9 14.4 75. 1 139.5 2,507.8 70.6 279.8 20.8 340.0 133.0 644.0 313. 9 430.5 275.2 1, 111. 5 225. 6 425.1 294.5 166.3 1,050. 4 147.9 164.9 113.3 624.3 318.3 23.0 35.6 6.8 99. 4 18.4 77. 7 50.4 7.0 1,994. 6 265.3 167.2 1, 531. 3 6.6 24.2 1, 564. 7 116.3 97. 6 44.2 699. 7 127.4 479. 5 4,324. 5 1, 885. 7 881.9 1, 556. 9 5,154. 5 1,398. 8 716.0 1,392. 5 1,138. 5 508.7 1, 226. 0 302.8 218. 7 454.0 8. 7 15.4 80.1 146.3 2,568.8 71.5 283.3 21.1 346.0 133.2 663.5 319.6 437.8 292.8 1,131. 5 230.6 435. 7 298.2 167.0 1,106. 0 152.2 173. 1 116.4 664.3 321. 5 22.4 35.3 7.0 102. 7 18.0 79.1 50.3 6.7 2,067. 8 277.1 165.4 1, 594. 0 6.6 24.7 1, 553. 2 118.0 99. 7 43. 7 690.1 127. 4 474. 3 4, 329.1 1, 879. 0 885. 4 1, 564. 7 5, 213. 0 1,430.9 722. 9 1, 386. 9 1,162. 0 510.3 1, 253. 0 315.4 222.5 459.2 8.9 15.9 83.2 147. 9 2,649.9 72.6 280.6 20. 5 362.6 132.4 691. 8 327.2 451. 8 310.4 1,178. 0 240.3 455.3 307.4 175.0 1,170. 8 158. 9 178.2 121. 7 712.0 336. 9 23.3 37.9 6.9 107. 1 18.2 84.9 51. 6 7.0 2,131. 0 286.9 173.7 1, 639. 7 6.9 23.8 2Beginning I960, data include Alaska and Hawaii. 1969 1970 1, 539. 9 1,457.8 110.4 115. 7 91. 8 97. 9 40. 5 43. 4 650. 5 682. 6 127.9 120.9 472. 4 443.7 4,347. 4 4,145. 8 1, 870. 8 1, 760. 6 861. 8 893. 4 1, 583. 2 1,523. 4 5,334. 8 5,032. 1 1,468. 3 1,407. 4 710.2 752. 3 1,400. 2 1, 342.1 1,193.1 1,071. 5 500. 9 520. 9 1, 278. 1 1,091. 7 319. 4 332. 0 215. 5 224. 7 446.1 462.2 9. 9 9. 0 15. 8 15. 9 86. 7 85.0 134. 5 147.6 2,743.5 2,698.2 71.2 73.4 271.1 281. 7 20. 0 18. 6 371.0 365. 0 131.0 126. 5 718.6 719.5 340. 0 342. 3 465. 6 476. 3 321. 6 328. 3 1. 224. 8 1, 221. 9 251. 8 248.1 464. 6 470. 0 323. 8 324. 6 182. 1 181. 7 1, 231. 9 1, 218. 0 167. 8 168.1 175. 4 180. 9 133. 9 129. 9 740. 9 753.0 364. 8 362.4 23. 9 24.1 40. 3 39. 9 7. 4 7.3 117. 5 114. 6 21. 0 20.3 94.2 91. 2 55.1 54. 0 8.0 8. 4 2,152. 8 2,003. 9 239. 4 278.6 172.3 180.4 1, 661. 3 1, 558. 0 8.6 7.3 25.6 25.2 1971 1,345.4 102.8 85.3 37.9 604.3 114.2 400.9 3, 879. 7 1, 634. 5 815.5 1,429. 7 4,797. 7 1,328. 6 679.3 1, 266. 4 1,045. 0 478. 4 1,039. 6 299. 4 206. 6 424. 3 10.3 16.1 82.9 128. 5 2,648.2 69.0 253.1 18.0 362. 2 122. 8 715.0 337.4 454.7 316.0 1, 213. 8 248.1 459. 3 318.1 188.3 1,186. 0 169. 2 173.1 131.0 712. 7 362.8 23.6 40. 8 7. 3 117. 7 21.3 88. 5 55.3 8. 3 1,889. 7 213.2 173. 5 1,470. 5 7. 5 7.7 T A B L E 49. Employees on Government Payrolls, by Region and State, 1939-71 [In thousands] Region and State 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 New England_________________ . . Maine_______ . ____ New Hampshire____________________ ___ ______ . Vermont Massachusetts______________________ Rhode Island_____________________ Connecticut.. _________ ________ Middle Atlantic____________________ New Y ork-., .. .. _________ New Jersey________________________ Pennsylvania-.. _______ _________ East North Central_________________ Ohio________________________ ____ Indiana___ ______ _ Illinois___ _________________________ Michigan____ ___________ _________ Wisconsin_______ . . . _______ ______ West North Central__________________ Minnesota_________ ______ _______ I o w a ..____ . . . . . _____ . . . _____ Missouri_________ _____ . . . _____ North Dakota______________________ South Dakota______________________ Nebraska____ ________ _ . . . ______ Kansas_______________ ___________ South Atlantic_______ ______________ Delaware__________________________ Maryland 1_________________________ District of Columbia 1______________ Virginia 1___________________________ West Virginia_______________________ North Carolina_____________________ South Carolina_____________________ Georgia___________________________ Florida. __________________________ East South Central___________________ Kentucky __ _____ ,_________________ Tennessee__________________________ Alabama___________________________ Mississippi_______________ . . . _____ West South Central_________ _______ Arkansas___________________________ Louisiana________________ _______ Oklahoma_________________ _____ Texas______________________________ Mountain____________________________ Montana___________ ______________ Idaho______________________ . ____ Wyoming__________________________ Colorado___________________________ New Mexico_________________ ____ Arizona____________ . . . _ . . . ___ Utah______________________________ Nevada____________________________ Pacific____________ ___ Washington________________________ Oregon__________________ ________ California.. .. ____ . . . ___ Alaska___ _______ H a w a ii____ 295.0 29. 7 20.0 9.5 159.9 24.1 51.8 862.5 453.1 122.6 286.8 758.6 201.8 96.5 215.1 144.3 100.9 447. 6 99.1 74.8 112.9 18.1 25.6 52.6 64.5 573.5 8.3 57.1 143.8 81.8 41.1 69.0 43.6 69.3 59.5 239. 0 62.2 66.5 60.9 49.4 327.0 40.9 70.1 62. 7 153.3 160.5 25.0 18.2 11.1 40.7 19.8 19.0 20.3 6. 4 364.0 72.5 41.2 250.3 305.4 31.5 21.1 10.8 164.1 26.3 51.6 916.8 493.1 131.5 292.2 788.5 210.2 99.7 223.3 154.3 101.0 454.0 99.2 79.3 114.0 18.5 25.1 51.7 66.2 620.1 8.5 61.3 159.4 87.1 42.6 74.5 51.0 73.2 62.5 247.0 62.8 69. 7 61.9 52.6 351.3 40.5 76.8 63.8 170.2 166.6 25.0 19.6 11.9 41.5 19.4 19.7 22.2 7.3 387.3 79.1 41.9 266.3 327.0 38.2 20.6 11.9 175.5 27.8 53.0 1,015.4 541.8 146.5 327.1 832.7 219.4 105.1 240.0 165.2 103.0 474.7 100.7 84.8 119.0 19.0 26.1 54.1 71.0 730.9 9. 1 67.3 204.1 104.7 46.3 84.4 63.7 78.9 72.4 267.0 66.0 76.7 67.9 56.4 386.0 42.6 84.3 65.7 193.4 180.9 25.2 21.4 12.7 45.0 21.3 21.3 26.2 7.8 449.2 96.9 44.5 307.8 389.3 47.0 19.9 12.8 218.6 35.2 55.8 1,171. 0 603.4 176.2 391.4 930.8 250.1 115.6 278.0 180.2 106.9 505.3 100.9 88.3 132.0 19.5 27.2 58.8 78.6 946.4 9.8 84.9 286.6 143.6 48.7 96.3 79.1 103.2 94.2 308.9 73.0 86.8 85.8 63.3 461.9 47.6 94.1 76.2 244.0 209.9 25.9 23.4 14.0 50.6 24.5 26.3 36.1 9.1 556.2 123.8 48.3 384.1 429.3 52.1 19.2 13.1 244.3 43.3 57.3 1, 294. 4 672.1 193.6 428.7 1,011.9 285.4 123.5 305.9 190.9 106.2 521.5 96.1 88.6 140.9 19.3 27.0 64.0 85.6 1,072. 5 10.0 98.7 298. 7 172.4 49.5 104.0 91.4 131.2 116.6 341.7 77.1 94.0 103.5 67.1 541.8 56.1 102.7 85.5 297.5 234.9 25.8 24.6 14.4 56.3 26.7 30.4 46.7 10.0 658.2 142.0 51.2 465.0 409.8 52.8 18.1 12.9 226.4 43.4 56.2 1, 260. 3 673.9 184.7 401.7 1,000.1 281.8 123.5 298.4 191.3 105.1 521.1 91.5 87.6 138.9 19.9 27.0 67.2 89.0 1, 060. 9 9.5 91.7 285.7 169.6 50.5 108.5 88.1 135.5 121.8 335.0 74.5 92.1 105.9 62.5 536.5 56.9 99.1 92.2 288.3 246.5 25.5 25.0 13.6 57.4 28.1 33.1 53.0 10.8 714.0 153.8 49.6 510.6 See footnotes at end of table. 107 1945 1946 387.4 341.7 48.4 40.4 18.6 17.6 13.3 13.2 212.4 181.0 39.6 32.0 55. 1 57.5 1,233. 6 1,135. 5 661.3 617.7 181.7 165.8 390.6 352.0 1,004.0 998.2 280.1 277.7 126.7 124.5 294.6 288.0 194.0 193.4 108.6 114.6 522.4 514.9 95.9 105.2 86.7 85.3 141.2 141.9 20.8 22.7 27.4 25.9 65.4 55.9 85.0 78.0 1,030. 9 930.6 9. 7 9.8 88.6 85.0 270.2 255.9 166.4 139.6 54.1 52.8 104.2 99.6 81.7 61. 7 114.1 131.7 110.9 125.5 321.6 325.1 70.6 74.1 93.0 95.0 92.4 101.5 60.0 60.1 531.2 490.0 50.2 55.1 97.4 89.5 93.0 84.1 266.2 285.7 248.3 234. 9 25.3 25. 7 25.2 24.5 13.0 12.6 58.9 59.6 27.5 28.5 30.4 32.9 44.3 53.1. 11.4 10.3 742.0 689.9 157.3 134.8 51.0 54.9 500.2 533.7 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 336.7 37.7 17.3 13.2 178.6 30.0 59.9 1,098. 8 607.7 156.8 334.3 994.2 272.1 124.5 283.8 198.8 115.0 516.4 102.8 89.3 141.9 22.3 26.1 56.5 77.5 882.8 9.4 82.4 231.4 130.0 55.3 98.4 59.8 107.0 109.1 316.7 74.4 92.9 89.4 60.0 473.4 47.8 88.1 82.9 254.6 226.4 25.6 23.8 12.8 59.3 26.6 28.6 39.9 9.8 662.7 123.4 56.3 483.0 356.3 39.4 19.0 13.6 191.7 30.4 62.2 1,110.9 622.0 159.9 329.0 1,035. 3 277.6 127.6 306.9 204.3 118.9 529.8 104.7 92. 7 144.0 22.7 26.4 60. 9 78.4 897.2 9.1 87.1 232.2 133.5 56.3 98.2 62.4 109.9 108.5 332.0 78.4 99.8 92.7 61.1 486.3 48.2 92.0 85.9 260.2 235.7 26. 7 23.2 14.3 60.0 29.3 30.7 41.9 9.6 684.0 124.0 59.1 500.9 370.1 38. t 19.; 13. 203. 31. 4 64. c 1,141. E 640. L 166. 1 334. 7 1,064. S 287. i' 132.4 310.1 215. C 119.0 547.7 110.3 96.8 149.6 23.7 27.4 60.8 79.1 943.3 9.7 93.4 241.9 .138. 6 58.7 104.4 64.1 117.0 115.5 342.4 81.0 104.0 95.8 61.6 517.4 51.3 99. 7 89.7 276.7 247.3 28.0 24.4 14.7 62.1 32.3 33.1 42.5 10.2 718.4 131.2 62.6 524.6 376.6 37.2 19.6 13.7 208.1 31.9 66.1 1,161.4 651. 7 171.0 338.7 1, 089. 8 294.8 138.0 314.3 222.4 120.3 561.6 115. 6 100.3 151.2 24.5 28.4 61.1 80.5 972.2 10.3 97.2 246.8 142.8 59.5 111.6 64.2 120.6 119. 2 356.7 83.0 111.2 98.2 64.3 535.4 51.5 102.0 91. 7 290.2 258.8 28.3 24.9 15.8 66.8 33.5 34.6 44.1 10.8 730.8 133.7 63.8 533.3 387.8 40.2 19.6 14.0 213.7 32.9 67.4 1, 225.1 681. 5 177.7 365.9 1,122. 3 306.0 145.9 327.5 223.8 119.1 576.6 116.8 98.6 160.4 24.8 29.3 64.8 81.9 1,056. 4 11.6 104.4 277.7 153.6 58.4 115.5 72.7 138.0 124.5 383.7 88.6 119.0 112.0 64.1 575.3 53.2 107.0 102.1 313.0 283.6 27.8 25.1 16.4 75.3 36.2 37.0 54.3 11.5 815.2 150.1 65.2 599.9 402.2 42.4 20.0 14.4 222.0 34.6 68.8 1,278.5 713.7 187.6 377.2 1,150. 8 313.2 149.3 342.6 226.2 119.5 589.2 119.7 98.3 163. 7 25.4 30.5 68.0 83.6 1,111.9 12.5 114.3 277.9 163.4 59. 7 123.0 78.0 147.0 136.1 401.0 94.3 120.4 120.9 65.4 601. 7 55.6 107.8 109.0 329.3 300.5 29.1 25.7 16.6 80.9 39.5 38.3 58.3 12.1 866.1 156.2 69.0 640.9 407.3 41.4 19.7 14.6 225.7 34.9 71.0 1,293. 0 720.8 193.6 378.6 1,178. 6 324.3 154.0 347.2 232.8 120.3 593.4 123.2 98.6 159.4 25.6 31.0 68.4 87.2 1,105. 2 13.2 116.8 261.0 166.4 59.6 124.8 77.8 147.5 138. 1 407.2 95.5 120.7 124.4 66.6 616. 1 55.7 111.6 111.8 337.0 302.9 29.3 25.3 16. 7 80.9 41.8 40.2 56.3 12.4 869.2 153.4 69.4 646.4 410.8 41. 7 19.5 14. 7 222.1 36.1 76.7 1,309. 9 724.5 200.2 385.2 1,209. 6 332.0 158.5 351.7 242.1 125.3 610.5 126.3 100.9 163.4 26.1 30.9 70.4 92.5 1,109. 4 13.9 118.3 248.4 167.0 61.3 131.0 79.3 145.0 145.2 417.2 96.4 125.5 125.8 69. 5 630.2 57.2 117.0 m . 2 342.8 306.5 30.7 25.5 17.3 81.6 43.9 41.6 52.9 13.0 879.4 153.0 71.9 654.5 1955 414.4 41. 9 19.6 15.0 221.3 36.8 79.8 1,337. 8 735.3 206.4 396.1 1,251.9 344.1 157.6 365.1 254.1 131.0 625.7 128.4 103.2 168.4 26.4 31.9 71.6 95.8 1,149.1 14.8 123.6 251.7 171.0 61.3 137.3 82.4 149.6 157.4 429.1 100.1 128.1 130.0 70.9 655.2 57.9 122.8 116.8 357.7 319.7 30.9 26.4 18.3 85.4 46.4 45.0 53.7 13.6 911. 7 155.6 74.9 681.2 T A B L E 49. Employees on Government Payrolls, by Region and State, 1 9 3 9 -7 1 — Continued [In thousands] Begion and state 1956 N ew E n g l a n d . ______ __________________________ 423.0 Maine....................... .................................................... 42.2 N ew Hampshire......... ............................................... 20.4 V erm ont.................................................................. 15.2 Massachusetts........ ................................................ 225.8 B hode Island............................................................. 38.0 81.4 Connecticut.............................. ................................. Middle Atlantic ...................................... ..................... 1,381.3 N ew Y o rk ........................... ................................... 763.4 213.1 N ew Jersey......................................................... ....... Pennsylvania....... ................... ..................... ............ 404.8 East N orth Central....... .............................................. 1,308. 8 356.7 O hio..... .......................................... ............. ............. Indiana............ ............................................................ 166.1 381.5 Illinois......................................... ................................ 266.8 M ich ig a n ................................. ................................. 137.7 Wisconsin ............................................. ...................... 649.3 West N orth Central.............................. .......... .......... 130.1 Minnesota________________ _____________________ 107.9 Iow a ________________________________ ___________ 174.5 Missouri__________________________ _____________ 26.9 N orth Dakota___________________ _____________ 33.6 South D akota__________________________________ 73.8 Nebraska___________ ___________________________ 102.5 K ansas................ ............................. ........................... South A tlantic....................... ....................... ................ 1,195. 3 16.8 Delaware______ __________________________ ______ 126.5 Maryland______ ________________________________ 253.3 District of Columbia l._ ................. ............ ............. 175.9 Virginia 1_________________________ _____________ 62.5 West Virginia.............................................................. 144.8 North Carolina____ ______ ____________ ________ 85.5 South Carolina........................................................... 157.7 Georgia_________________ _______________________ 172.3 F lorid a ............................................................. ......... 451.3 East South Central_____________ _________________ 104.2 K en tu cky........ ........................................................... 133.2 Tennessee______________________________________ 138.3 Alabam a....................... ................................. ............ 75.6 Mississippi............................. ............. ....................... 688.7 West South Central_____________________ _________ 61.3 Arkansas_____ _________________________________ 129.5 Louisana____ ___________________ _______________ 119.6 Oklahom a......................................... ......................... 378.3 Texas__________________________________________ 344.4 M ountain____ _______________________ _____________ 32.4 Montana__________________________________ _____ 28.2 Idaho...................................................... ...................... 19.8 W yom ing--------------------------------- -------------------------90.6 Colorado................. ....................... ............................. 51.6 N ew Mexico____ _______________________________ 51.6 Arizona____________________ ____ ______________ 54.7 U tah________________ __________________________ 15.5 N eva d a _____________________________ __________ 961.9 P a cific...__________ ____________________ __________ 157.6 W ashington.............................. ....................... .......... 79.7 O re g o n .......................................................... ............ 724.6 California......................... ......................................... Alaska. . ....................... H a w a ii........................ ...................... ................ ....... 1957 1958 433.4 43.2 2 0 .8 15.3 230.2 38.0 85.9 1,422. 9 789.6 221.2 412.1 1,345. 8 366.9 170.8 390.1 274.1 143.9 671.3 133.1 111.3 182.0 28.2 35.4 74.1 107.2 1,240.3 17.7 129.6 256.0 180.6 61.6 150.8 90.3 167.9 185.8 469.0 106.8 138.4 144.9 78.9 714.6 6 6.2 135.1 123. 9 389.4 364.4 33.8 29.9 20.5 96.5 54.8 55.8 56.3 16.8 1,005.1 159.8 84.4 760.9 450.8 44.6 *24.6 16.7 237.2 38.8 88.9 1,460.3 810.4 227.0 422.9 1,427.0 379.4 174.9 402.7 • 320.3 149.7 687.8 139.7 111.6 185.9 30.3 37.1 74.8 108.4 1,267.7 18.0 132.2 251.8 184.8 64.3 154.1 91.7 175.6 195.2 482.3 107.3 143.2 149.5 82.3 741.7 70.2 137.9 126.1 407.5 380.6 35.8 31.7 20.7 99.6 57.9 59.5 58.2 17.2 1,047.3 160.7 88.0 798.6 1959 1960 472.9 460.8 45.9 48.2 24.9 25.6 17.0 17.3 243.1 248.0 39.2 40.1 90.7 93.7 1,479. 7 1, 516.1 . 819.1 837.7 242.2 233.5 436.2 427.1 1,455.0 1,500. 5 386.7 399.2 180.5 188.5 408.1 416.9 324.7 332.7 155.0 163.2 719.9 700.7 144.5 149.5 114.1 116. 9 185.9 190.0 31.3 31.5 38.0 39.0 76.0 78.0 110.9 115.0 1,304. 2 1,349.0 18.2 18.7 137.7 142.8 256.2 262.0 187.3 191.1 65.3 67.5 158.2 164.2 93.5 96.1 180.2 186.1 207.6 220.5 492.5 503.7 108.9 110.1 144.9 146.3 154.3 159.8 84.4 87.5 776.7 757.1 69.8 69.7 140.4 145.2 127.7 130.8 419.2 431.0 396.2 415.4 37.0 38.5 32.1 32.7 20.7 21.5 103.8 110.1 60.8 63.5 63.4 6 8.0 60.3 62.3 18.8 18.1 1,087.6 31,207.8 163.7 166.5 91.5 95.3 832.4 874.0 22.5 49.5 1 Federal em ploym ent in the Maryland and Virginia sectors of the Washington Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area is included in data for the District of Columbia. 2 Data not strictly comparable w ith prior years. 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 486.8 49.5 26.4 17.8 255.5 41.2 96.4 1, 554. 9 850.3 253.6 451.0 1,547. 6 412.5 194.0 433.8 336.9 170.4 739.2 154.1 122.0 192.5 32.3 40.3 80.7 117.3 1,404. 5 19.5 151.2 269.2 199.6 71.5 171.0 98.3 191.9 232.3 523.2 114.6 151.9 165.9 90.8 799.7 71.7 150.3 133.2 444.5 437.0 40.0 34.4 22.5 116. 9 65.3 72.6 65.1 2 0 .2 1,264. 8 170.1 1 00.2 920.3 23.8 50.4 497.8 50.3 27.0 18.2 261.7 41.9 98.7 1,603.6 875.7 262.8 465.1 1, 589. 7 424.2 201.3 447.0 342.6 174.6 764.9 163.5 125.2 197.8 33.9 42.3 82.4 119.8 1,462.2 20.9 159.3 280.0 207.7 71.4 178.8 99.5 197.2 247.4 540.0 1 20.6 157.4 167.8 94.2 827.0 73.7 154.7 137.4 461.2 458.6 41.2 36.4 2 2.8 122.3 67.7 77.7 6 8.6 21.9 1,317. 7 175.4 103.3 962. 8 25.0 51.2 511.6 51.5 28.0 18.9 267.5 42.4 103.3 1,644.1 897.2 272.1 474.8 1,641. 7 431.7 209.7 459.3 359.3 181.7 789.3 171.8 129.2 202.7 36.4 43.0 84.7 121.5 1, 522. 7 2 2 .6 166.0 291.1 215.7 72.1 185.6 103.1 204.0 262.5 555.9 125.2 163.5 170.0 97.2 855.1 74.7 158.3 141.4 480.7 479.8 43.0 37.8 24.0 127.3 70.3 81.6 71.6 24.2 1,369. 5 180. 0 107. 9 1,001. 6 27.1 52.9 526.5 52.9 29.0 19.5 272.7 43.4 109.0 1,692. 7 924.1 280.0 488.6 1,697. 7 440.3 219.2 475.0 372.8 190.4 818.7 179.3 132.8 210.3 38.7 44.5 8 6.0 127.1 1,580. 7 23.9 174.1 297.2 2 21.2 75.3 192.7 106.8 210 .8 278.7 574.5 128.4 173.3 173.3 99.5 883.0 76.4 163.0 143.6 500.0 495.5 44.7 38.1 24.8 130.7 71.8 85.3 73.7 26.4 1,421.9 184.6 111.3 1,043. 5 28.1 54.4 545.2 54.3 30.1 20.3 278.5 46.1 115.9 1, 762. 4 958.6 295.4 508.4 1,789.1 458.6 232.2 502.4 394.9 2 01 .0 861.1 189.9 138.5 225.2 40.3 46.7 *89.3 131.2 1,668.0 25.0 183.8 308.6 232.2 81.7 2 0 1 .6 111.1 2 22 .8 301. 2 604.6 135.2 185.1 179.1 105.2 935.1 84.9 171.7 152.9 525.6 523.0 45.9 39.6 25.8 136.1 75.4 92.2 79.4 28.6 1,504. 2 193.1 118.2 1,105. 4 29. 7 57.8 567.4 57.4 31.4 2 1 .2 286.2 48.7 122.5 1,860. 5 1,012. 4 312.0 536.1 1,921.1 483.0 254.1 536.5 432.3 215.2 910.6 2 0 1 .6 148.5 244.5 42.1 48.3 90.0 135.6 1,804.4 26.3 201.9 328.0 251.2 88.5 217.4 121.0 243.9 326.2 646.4 145.2 195.3 191.6 114.3 1,010. 6 91.6 185.4 166.5 567.1 564.6 48.1 41.9 27.0 146.7 81.0 98.9 90.7 30.3 1,621. 6 206.2 125.3 1,196. 7 30.8 62.6 595.0 59.5 33.4 22.3 297.1 51.2 131.5 1,969. 5 1,073.1 329.2 567. 2 2,037. 5 509.5 271.4 572.0 454.3 230.3 963.2 214.1 156.8 260.0 44.4 49.5 *94.2 144.2 1,921. 0 27.9 218.2 347.0 270.5 92.1 231.6 128.4 263.0 342.3 675.6 155.5 2 0 1 .8 197.7 120 .6 1,074. 2 93.4 197.4 176.4 607.0 599.2 51.8 44.3 28.6 156.1 83.4 104.7 98.0 32.3 1, 723. 3 218.5 132.4 1,274. 3 31. 8 66.3 614.2 61.6 34.4 23.4 302.5 52.3 140.0 2,056. 3 1,123. 8 344.4 588.1 2,122.2 528.3 285.3 593.4 470.6 244.6 986.6 215.4 163.5 268.8 47.2 50.5 94.0 147.2 2,012.1 29.0 232.2 356. 8 283.6 94.9 244.4 134.1 275.3 361.8 698.5 163.8 208.2 201.4 125.1 1,109. 0 96.9 2 0 1 .8 180.2 630.1 615.8 53.3 45.2 28.3 160.9 84.9 110.0 99.1 34.1 1,803.3 230.1 136.1 1,335.8 32. 2 69.1 638.3 64.3 35.5 24.4 310.7 52.5 150.9 2,145. 5 1,176. 0 360.1 609.4 2,190. 3 544.8 280.9 615.6 493.7 255.3 1,021. 2 224.1 171.4 275.8 48.3 53.5 97.3 150.8 2,080. 6 30.5 243.2 360.4 292.4 95.0 254.3 140.8 286.1 377.9 712.8 166.1 214.1 204.6 128.0 1,144. 5 100.9 208.2 184.0 651.4 627.6 52.1 46.8 28.3 165.3 86.3 113.4 99.6 35.8 1,874. 3 237.4 140.8 1,391. 7 33.3 71.1 660.7 66.4 37.3 *26.5 319.9 52.7 157.9 2,211.1 1,217. 7 374.7 618.7 2,262. 2 565.5 286.4 638.9 505.9 265.5 1,054.6 234.9 175.7 283.8 49.2 55.5 101.0 154.5 2,150. 7 32.5 249.0 363.1 300.8 95.9 264.2 149.9 297.5 397.8 739.1 172.6 225.9 209.5 131.1 1,163.4 102.7 213.2 185.3 662.2 651.5 52.6 49.1 28.6 175.5 89.2 119.5 100.1 36.9 1,925. 2 244.5 146.7 1,424. 7 35. 6 73.7 3 Beginning I960, data include Alaska and Hawaii, 1971 680.4 69.0 38.5 27.8 330.6 53.2 161.3 2,250.7 1, 237. 6 385.2 627.9 2,292.5 577.8 295.5 648.0 501.0 270.2 1,079.5 242.1 178.3 291.7 49.6 56.4 105.3 156.1 2,223. 4 33.0 256.0 371.9 315. 0 98.1 267.2 157.3 308.8 416.1 758.2 179.9 231.3 213.7 133.3 1,186.0 103.8 215.0 187.0 680.2 683.2 54.1 51.0 29.6 187.0 92.1 129.3 102.0 38.1 1,974. 6 252.1 151.6 1,455.5 37.3 78.1 T A B L E 50. Employment Status of the Noninstitutional Population in the SO Largest S M S A 's , by Color, Sex, and A g e , 1971 [In thousands] 1971 annual averages Item Civilian noninstitutional population Unemployment rates for previous years Unemployment Civilian labor force E m ploy ment Num ber Level Participa tion rate C ombined SMSA’ s Hate 1970 1969 T otal_____________________________________________ 46,043 27,828 60.4 26,040 1,788 6.4 4.9 3.4 White___________________________________________________ 39,629 23,879 60.3 22,483 1,396 6.8 4.6 3.0 Men 20 years and over________________ ________ _____ Women 20 years and over-----------------------------------------B oth sexes, 16-19 y e a rs .------------------------------------------- 16,774 19,028 3,827 13,957 7,970 1,952 83.2 41.9 51.0 13,339 7,520 1,623 619 450 329 4.4 5.6 16.8 3.4 4.4 13.7 1.9 3.1 10.6 Negro and other races--------------------------------- ---------- --------- 6,414 3,949 61.6 3,557 392 9.9 7.2 6.4 Men 20 years and over______________________________ Women 20 years and over................................... .............. B oth sexes, 16-19 y e a rs .------------------------------------------- 2,494 3,121 799 2,037 1,625 288 81.7 52.1 36.0 1,868 1,494 195 169 130 93 8.3 8.0 32.4 5.4 5.4 29.5 4.1 5.6 25.3 T otal------------ -------------------------------------- ------------------ 20,093 11,900 59.2 11,040 860 7.2 5.6 4.1 White_____ ___________________________________- ................ 14,903 8,745 58.7 8,193 552 6.3 4.9 3.4 Men 20 years and over______________ ________________ Women 20 years and over-----------------------------------------B oth sexes, 16-19 years______________________________ 6,302 7,398 1,203 4,982 3,173 590 79.1 42.9 49.0 4,712 2,996 483 270 177 106 5.4 5.6 18.0 4.4 4.2 12.9 2.6 3.3 11.1 Negro and other races----- ------------- --------------------------------- 6,190 3,165 60.8 2,847 308 9.8 7.4 6.3 Men 20 years and over................. ................................ .. Women 20 years and over----------------------------------------B oth sexes, 16-19 y e a r s .............................- .......... .......... 2,007 2,646 637 1,625 1,304 227 81.0 61.2 35.6 1,490 1,205 152 135 99 75 8.3 7.6 32.9 5.9 5.5 31.1 4.3 5.2 25.3 T otal___________________ ______ ___________________ 25,960 15,928 61.4 15,000 928 5.8 4.5 2.9 White...................................................................................... -- 24,726 15,134 61.2 14,290 844 5.6 4.4 2.7 Men 20 years and o v e r .............. .................................. . Women 20 years and over-----------------------------------------Both sexes, 16-19 years_____________________________- 10,472 11,630 2,624 8,975 4,797 1,362 85.7 41.2 51.9 8,627 4,524 1,140 349 273 223 3.9 5.7 16.4 2.8 4.5 14.3 1.5 3.0 10.3 Negro and other ra ces......... ................................................... 1,224 794 64.9 710 84 10.6 6.7 6.5 C entral C ities Suburbs N o te : The 20 SMSA’s are based on 1960 definitions. Sums of individual items m ay not add to totals because of independent rounding of data for each of 2 0 areas. 109 T A B L E 51. Civilian Lab o r Force and Unemployment in the SO Largest S M S A ’s 1 and Selected Central Cities, b y Color, A g e , and Sex, 1971 [Numbers in thousands] 1971 annual averages Area and item Unem ploym ent rates for previous years * Unemployment Civilian labor force 1 Level R an ge3 Rate R an ge3 1970 1969 N ew Y ork SMSA: Total.................................................................. 4,816 299 284-314 6.2 5.9-6.5 4.4 3.0 Men, 20 years and over........................................................... Women, 20 years and over..................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years....................................................... White........................................................................................... Negro and other races.............................................................. 2,829 1,705 281 4,042 773 147 98 54 239 60 137-157 90-106 48-60 226-252 53-67 5.2 5.7 19.2 5.9 7.7 4.9-5.5 5.3-6.1 17.2-21.2 5.6-6.2 6.8-8.5 3.7 4.0 13.5 4.3 5.1 2.4 2.8 11.1 2.9 3.9 Central city: T o t a l...................................................... 3,330 224 211-237 6.7 6.3-7.1 4.8 3.1 White............................... ..................................................... Negro and other races............................................................ 2,638 692 170 54 159-181 47-61 6.4 7.8 6.0-6.8 7.0-8.6 4.7 5.4 2.9 4.0 SMSA: T otal................................................................. 3,681 341 325-357 9.3 8.9-9.7 7.2 Men, 20 years and over.......................... ............................ Women, 20 years and over........................ ............................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years...................... ................................ W hite......................................................................................... Negro and other races............................................................. 2,136 1,258 287 3,283 398 160 117 64 287 55 150-170 108-126 57-71 272-302 48-62 7.5 9.3 22.4 8.7 13.7 7.0-8.0 8.6-10,0 20.3-24.5 8.3-9.1 12.3-15.1 6.2 6.5 18.8 7.0 9.2 Central city : T otal................. ..................................... 1,433 147 137-157 10.3 9.6-11.0 8.4 5.4 W hite................. .......................... ............................................ Negro and other races........................ . ........... ..................... 1,169 264 111 37 102-120 31-43 9.5 14.0 8.8-10.2 12.3-15. 7 8.2 9.8 4.6 8.6 SMSA: Total.................................................................. 3,012 147 137-157 4.9 4.6-5.2 3.6 3.0 Men, 20 years and over.......................................................... Women, 20 years and over..................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years....................................................... White................................................. ................................... Negro and other races................. ........................................... 1,710 1,028 274 2,602 410 54 46 46 110 37 48-60 40-52 40-52 101-119 31-43 3.2 4.5 17.0 4.2 9.0 2.8-3.6 4.0-5.0 14.4-19.6 3.9-4.5 7.9-10.1 2.3 3.4 13.8 3.3 5.4 1.7 3.0 12.7 2.3 7.6 Central c ity : T ota l............... ....................................... 1,380 77 70-84 5.5 5.0-6.0 4.0 3.8 W hite.......................................................................................... Negro and other races.................................................. .......... 1,013 366 46 31 40-52 26-36 4.6 8.3 4.1-5.1 7.1-9.5 3.5 5.3 2.7 7.4 SMSA: T otal.................. .............................................. 1,970 107 98-116 5.4 5.0-5.8 4.3 3.2 Men, 20 years and over........................................................... Women, 20 years and over.......................................... .......... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years.................... .................... ........... W hite.......................................................................................... Negro and other races................. ....................................... 1,151 665 154 1,607 363 46 34 27 76 31 40-52 29-39 23-31 69-83 25-37 4.0 5.1 17.7 4.7 8.4 3.5-4.5 4.4-5.8 15.1-20.3 4.3-5.1 7.2-9.6 2.6 4.3 15.4 3.7 7.3 1.8 3.6 12.6 2.6 6.0 Central city: T otal............. ... ...................................... 791 43 38-48 5.5 4.8-6.2 5.3 3.9 513 278 23 21 19-27 17-25 4.4 7.4 3. 7-5.1 6.1-8.7 4.5 6.9 2.9 6.1 SMSA: Total.................................................................. 1,697 143 133-153 8.4 7.8-9.0 7.0 3.8 Men, 20 years and over............................ ............. Women, 20 years and over..................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years....................................................... White.......................................................................................... Negro and other races............................................................. 999 516 182 1,413 283 57 39 47 104 39 51-03 34-44 41-53 95-113 33-45 5.7 7.6 25.8 7.3 13.9 5.1-6.3 6.7-8.5 23.0-28.6 6. 7-7.9 12.2-15.6 5.1 6.2 20.3 6.1 11.4 2.1 3.9 13.6 3.0 7.5 Central city: Total....................................................... 613 62 55-69 10.0 9.0-11.0 8.2 5.1 6.4-8.6 13.3-15.1 6.1 11.9 3.9 7.3 L o s A ngeles-L ong B each - 4.7 3.1 5.4 1A3 4.2 8.5 C hicago P hiladelphia ............. W hite........................................................... Negro and other races............................................................. D etroit White.......................................................................................... Negro and other races............................................................. 384 229 28 32 24-32 26-38 7.5 14.2 SMSA: Total.................................................................. 1,483 129 120-138 8.7 8.1-9.3 6.7 4.8 Men, 20 years and over........................................................... Women, 20 years and ov er..................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years...................................................... White.......................................................................................... Negro and other races____ __________ __________________ 829 540 113 1,253 230 62 41 26 97 32 56-68 36-46 22-30 89-105 26-38 7.5 7.6 23.0 7.8 13.8 6.8-8.2 6.7-8.5 19.9-26.1 7.2-8.4 12. 0-14.5 5.7 5.9 19.6 6.5 7.9 3.4 4.4 19.6 4.3 7.9 Central city: Total....................................................... 483 53 47-59 10.9 9.7-12.1 7.3 6.2 311 171 1 29 23 1 24-34 18-28 9.3 13.8 8.0-10.6 11.6-16.0 7.2 7.3 6.0 6 .6 San F rancisco-Oakland White.......................................................................................... Negro and other races............................................................. See footnotes at end of table. no T A B L E 51. Civilian Lab or Force and Unemployment in the 20 Largest S M S A 's 1 and Selected Central Cities, by Color, A g e , and Sex, 1971— Continued [Numbers in thousands] 1971 annual averages Area and item Civilian labor force Unemployment rates for previous years* Unem ploym ent Range * Level Rate R an ge1 1970 1969 B oston SMS A : T otal........ ....................... .............................. 1,143 65 57-73 5.7 5.1-6.3 3.9 2.5 White................... _................................. .................................. N egro and other races------------------------------------ ------- ------ 1,093 50 59 5 51-67 3-7 5.4 10.5 4.8-6.0 7.0-14.0 3.7 2.4 1,210 33 28-38 2.7 2.3-3.1 3.2 2.7 White____ ____________ __________________________ ____ Negro and other races____________________________ ____ 874 335 20 13 16-24 10-16 2.3 3.8 1.9-2. 7 3.0-4.6 2 .6 4.8 2 .0 4.4 C entral city : Total__________________ __________ 363 13 10-16 3.7 2.9-4.5 4.9 4.2 3.2-5.2 4.4 5.1 (4) (4) W ashington , D .C . SMS A : T otal_________ ____ _______________ _____ 3.8 White .................... N egro and other races........................ ................................... 103 261 P ittsburgh SMS A : T otal______ _____ _____________ _____— . 935 59 53-65 6.3 5. 7-5.9 5.2 4.4 W hite.................................................................... ................. N egro and other races......................... .................................. 869 66 52 8 46-58 5-11 5.9 11.7 5.3-6.5 8. 5-14.9 5.0 7.0 3.8 11.9 St . L ouis SMS A : Total........ ...............................................— . 963 64 57-71 6 .6 6.0-7.2 4.6 White......................................................................................... N egro and other races.................... ...................................... 800 163 48 16 42-54 12-20 6 .0 9.8 5.3-6.7 7.9-11.7 3.8 9.0 Central city: Total_____________________________ 239 18 15-21 7.3 5.9-8. 7 6.5 4.9 White__________________ ______________________________ Negro and other races____________________ ____________ 129 8 5.9 9.0 4.1-7. 7 10 6-10 7-13 6. 8-11. 2 3.9 9.9 3 .4 7.0 786 44 38-50 5.5 4.8-6.2 4.3 4.1 665 31 13 26-36 10-16 4.6 10.4 3.9-5.3 8.1-12. 7 4.0 6.2 2.9 9.1 111 N ewark SMS A : T otal_____________________ _____________ W h it e ................................................................... ................. N egro and other races______ __________________________ 122 C leveland (4) 11 8-14 (4) 4.5 31 2.5 6.9 SMSA: T otal________________ __________________ 808 58 52-64 7.1 6 .4-7.8 4.7 3.5 White____ _________ ________________________________ Negro and other races_________________________________ 671 137 35 22 30-40 17-27 5.3 16.1 4.6-6. 0 13.5-18. 7 3.2 12.9 2.7 8.3 Central city: T o ta l..____ ________________________ 241 28 24-32 11.8 10.1-13. 5 8.4 5.4 White_____________________ _______________ ____________ Negro and other races_________________________________ 135 106 9 19 7-11 15-23 6.9 18.2 5.0-8. 8 15. 0-21. 4 4.3 14.5 3.3 9.2 SMSA: T otal................................ ............................... 810 49 43-55 6.1 5.4-6. 8 4.0 3.4 White_________________________________________________ Negro and other races______ _____________________ _____ 574 236 27 22 23-31 17-27 4.7 9.4 4.0-5. 4 7. 8-11. 0 3.6 5.1 6.1 362 29 24-34 7.9 6.8-9. 0 4.7 5.0 163 200 9 19 7-11 15-23 5.7 9.7 4. 2-7. 2 8. 0-11.4 3.9 5.4 3.7 6.5 SMSA: T o t a l3_____________ ____________________ 831 44 38-50 5.3 4. 7-5. 9 5.2 2.4 Central city: T o ta lJ____________________________ 326 20 16-24 6.2 5.1-7.3 6.7 3.1 SMSA: T ota l___________________________________ 817 40 35-45 5.0 4.4-5.6 4.0 3.3 White_________________________________________________ Negro and other races_________________________________ 648 169 23 17 19-27 13-21 3.5 10.3 2.9-4.1 8.4-12.2 3.2 7.5 2 .6 5.7 Central city: Total______________________________ 615 33 28-38 5.3 4. 6-6.0 3.8 3.4 W h it e .._____ __________________________________ ______ Negro and other races__________ _______________________ 447 169 15 17 12-18 13-21 3.3 2.6-4.0 8.5-12.3 2.5 7.5 2.5 5.8 B altimore Central city: T otal_____________________________ White______ _________________________________ _________ N egro and other races_________________________________ 2.4 Minneapolis-S t . P aul H ouston 10.1 111 T A B L E 51. Civilian Lab o r Force and Unemployment in the SO Laraest S M S A 's 1 and Selected Central Cities, by Color, A g e , and Sex, 1971— Continued [Numbers in thousands] 1971 annual averages Area and item Civilian labor force Level D U nem ploym ent rates for previous years3 U nem ploym ent Range 3 Rate R ange3 1970 1969 allas 8M SA: T otal...................................................................... 721 29 24-34 4.0 3.4-4.6 3.8 2.3 White........................................................................................... N egro and other races............................................................ 651 70 24 5 20-28 3-7 3.6 7.6 3 .0 -A 2 5.0-10.2 3.3 7.7 2.1 (4) Central city : T otal............................................................ 384 19 15-23 A9~ A 0-5.8 ju T 2.6 W hite........................................................................................... N egro and other races.... ......................................................... 322 61 14 («) 11-17 A 4 3.5-5.3 2.8 8.6 2.4 (4) 601 5.2 SM SA: T o ta l..................................................................... 39 2.6 6.5 5.7-7.3 W hite....................................................................... - .................. Negro and other races............................................................. 568 <«) 36 31-41 6.3 5.5-7.1 4.9 <«) 2.5 (9 SMSA: T ota l...................................................................... 539 45 39-51 8.4 7.4-9.4 A7 A0 White........................................................................................... Negro and other ra ces............................................................. 512 (<) 44 38-50 8.6 7.6-9.6 A5 (4) 3.7 <4) P atebson B - C l if t o n - P a s s a ic u ffalo M il w a u k e e SM SA: T otal...................................................................... 547 25 21-29 4.6 3.9-5.3 A6 2.9 W hite........................................................................................... Negro and other ra c e s ............................................................ 515 («) 21 17-25 A1 3 .4-A 8 4.2 («) 2.4 (4) Central city : T otal................................................................... 279 17 14-20 6.0 A 8-7.2 5.0 3.7 W hite........................................................ ................................. Negro and other races.............................................................. 247 <<) 13 1.0-16 5.1 AO-6.2 A3 («) 2.9 («) 458 28 24-82 6.1 5.2-7.0 A3 2.9 419 0) 22 18-26 5.2 A 3-6.1 3.9 (4) 2.6 (4) C in c in n a t i SMSA: T otal............................................................ W h ite,......................................................................................... N egro and other races............................................................... 1 For purposes of this table, the SMSA’s definitions are those which were in effect in 1960. * In 90cases out of 100, on the average, unemployment data from a complete census would fall within the indicated ranges. *The error ranges for these rates are approximately of the same magnitude as those shown for the 1970rates. Digitized112 for FRASER <Not shown separately where the unemployment estimate is less than 5,000 or the labor force is less than 50,000. Source: leased on the Current Population Survey, a national sample survey of hddseholds conducted monthly by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau Of Labor Statistics. T A B L E 52. Employment Status of Persons in Urban Poverty and Other Urban Neighborhoods,1 by Color, Sex, and A g e , 1967-71 [I n th o u s a n d s] 1970 Employment status, age, sex, and color 1967 1968 1969 An nual aver age 1971 1st 2d 3d 4th An nual aver age 10,996 6,273 5,856 417 11,020 6,273 5,836 437 7.0 10,775 6,180 5,668 511 8.3 10,939 6,081 5,565 517 8.5 10,850 6,047 5,460 587 9.7 11,014 6,090 5,507 583 9.6 11,037 6,126 5,525 601 9.8 10,834 6,192 5,560 632 10.2 10,515 5,781 5,248 533 9.2 6,665 3,736 3,461 276 7.4 6,630 3,674 3,381 293 6,768 3,710 3,395 315 8.5 6,771 3,707 3,396 311 8.4 6,594 3,757 3,465 292 7.8 6,385 3,521 3,269 252 7.2 4,274 2,345 2,104 241 10.3 4,220 2,373 2,079 295 12.4 4,246 2,380 4,266 2,419 2,129 290 12.0 4,240 2,435 2,095 340 13.9 4,130 2,260 1,979 280 12.4 2,875 2,154 2,004 150 7.0 2,850 2,141 1,990 152 7.1 2,903 2,167 1,992 176 2,892 2,183 2,025 157 7.2 2,832 2,168 2,019 149 6.9 2,775 2,047 1,923 124 1,611 1,619 1,213 1,089 124 1,652 1,245 1,132 115 9.2 1,642 1,248 1,130 1,595 1,585 1,157 1,025 132 11.4 3,231 1,224 1,137 87 7.1 3,116 1,223 1,154 68 72 5.6 6.0 2,095 995 893 2,086 972 861 2,018 922 836 8.6 10.3 11.5 9.3 612 266 649 301 234 67 22.2 646 366 292 75 20.4 592 281 225 56 19.9 528 175 107 69 39.1 559 260 163 98 37.5 527 181 118 63 34.7 66,911 40,828 38,521 2,307 5.7 67,483 41,676 39,148 2,528 67,336 41,502 39,222 2,280 5.5 Quarters Quarters 1st 2d 3d 4th U rban P overty N eighborhoods Total Civilian noninstitutional population................ Civilian labor force............................... ......... E m p loyed ................................................ Unemployment....................................... Unemployment rate.............................. 11,630 6,664 454 11,445 6,470 6,084 386 6.8 6,0 11,129 6,347 5,999 347 5.5 7,048 3,892 3,686 206 5.3 6,911 3,774 3,585 188 5.0 6,706 3,728 3,570 158 4.2 6,658 3,745 3,507 237 6.3 6,705 3,758 3,543 215 5.7 6,719 3,759 3,546 212 6,544 3,725 3,479 247 5.6 6.6 4,582 2,772 2,525 248 8.9 4,534 2,696 2,499 198 7.3 4,423 2,619 2,430 189 7.2 4,274 2,457 2,224 233 9.5 4,291 2,514 2,313 4,300 2,514 2,290 225 8.9 4,231 2,454 2,190 264 2,962 2,281 2,189 93 4.1 2,892 2,213 2,127 2,849 2,167 2,099 2,811 2,155 2,033 86 68 3.9 3.1 2,826 2,154 2,031 123 5.7 5.7 2,821 2,184 2,071 113 5.2 1,784 1,433 1,351 82 5.7 1,740 1,385 1,318 4.8 1,699 1,334 1,276 58 4.3 1,641 1,273 1,183 90 7.1 1,693 1,321 1,246 75 5.7 1,671 1,313 1,219 94 7.2 1,589 1,246 1,147 99 7.9 3,316 1,296 1,230 65 5.0 3,363 1,258 1,198 60 4.8 3,239 1,263 1,213 49 3.9 3,189 1,265 1,203 60 4.7 3,252 1,290 1,236 53 4.1 3,242 1,256 1,207 48 3.8 3,102 1,244 1,170 73 5.9 3,160 1,269 1,202 68 3,155 1,229 1,149 81 5.4 6.6 3,255 1,277 1,183 94 7.4 2,241 1,086 1,008 80 7.4 2,230 1,078 2,083 969 903 2,067 993 932 61 2,100 6.2 2,172 1,059 990 69 6.5 991 932 59 6.0 8.0 2,098 944 875 69 7.3 2,068 963 867 96 6.1 2,069 949 874 76 2,072 965 882 83 671 314 267 47 15.0 655 303 260 43 14.3 618 298 257 41 13.8 643 326 273 53 16.3 642 313 273 40 12.7 656 319 268 51 16.0 647 360 296 64 17.7 629 313 254 59 18.7 625 303 243 61 20.0 557 253 167 552 225 163 63 27.9 550 215 138 77 35.8 573 259 168 90 34.9 565 192 534 197 522 170 111 122 100 34.0 564 234 170 64 27.3 81 42.1 75 38.0 70 41.2 60,822 36,720 35,464 1,257 3.4 62,282 37,696 36,506 1,190 3.2 63,857 39,006 37,779 1,227 3.1 65,565 40,375 38,503 1,871 4.6 65,710 40,539 38,386 2,153 5.3 66,958 41,115 38,729 2,387 5.8 66,103 40,455 38,023 2,432 6,211 10,932 6,202 5,731 470 7.6 6.6 Total-W hite Civilian noninstitutional population................ Civilian labor force........................................ E m ployed................................................ Unem ploym ent....................................... Unemployment rate.............................. 8.0 Total—Negro and other races Civilian noninstitutional population................ Civilian labor force........................................ E m ployed................................................ Unem ploym ent....................................... Unemployment rate.............................. 202 8.0 10.8 2,112 26S 11.3 M en, SO years and over—white Civilian noninstitutional population................ Civilian labor force........................................ E m ployed................................................ U nem ploym ent....................................... Unemployment rate.............................. 122 2,796 2,121 2,012 109 5.1 8.1 6.1 Men, SO years and over—Negro and other races Civilian noninstitutional population................ Civilian labor force........................................ E m ployed............................................... U nemployment....................................... Unemployment rate.............................. 66 1,210 1,118 91 7.5 10.2 120 9.6 1,202 1,071 131 10.9 W om en, SO years and over—white Civilian noninstitutional population............... Civilian labor force........................................ E m p loyed ................................................ Unem ploym ent....................................... Unemployment rate.............................. 3,018 1,194 1,121 Women, SO years and o v e r Negro and other races Civilian noninstitutional population_________ Civilian labor force........................................ E m ployed____________________ ____ U nem ploym ent_________ ___________ Unemployment rate_________________ 1,010 67 66 6.8 10.0 102 112 86 Teenagers, 16-19 years—white Civilian noninstitutional population________ Civilian labor force______ _______ E m ployed___________________________ Unem ploym ent________________ _____ Unemployment rate_________________ 221 45 16.9 Teenagers, 16-19 years— Negro and other races Civilian noninstitutional population________ Civilian labor force__________ _ E m ployed................ .......... .. U nem ploym ent_____ _____ ______ . Unemployment rate_________________ 86 530 529 200 210 135 65 32.7 138 72 34.2 Other Urban N eighborhoods Total Civilian noninstitutional population. Civilian labor force______ ____ . E m ployed_____________________ .. U nem ploym ent............. .............. . . . Unemployment rate.............................. 65,256 65,409 65,887 39,975 40,204 40,781 38,386 38,431 38,812 1,590 1,773 1,970 4.4 I 4.0 1 4.8 i 6.0 6.1 See fo o tn o te s a t end o f table. 113 T A B L E : 52. Employment Status of Persons in Urban Poverty and Other Urban Neighborhoods/ by Color, Sex, and A g e , 1967-71 — Continued [I n th o u s a n d s] 1970 Em ploym ent status, age* sex, and color 1967 1968 1969 1971 2d 3d 4th An nual aver age Quarters An nual aver age Quarters 1st 2d 3d 61,239 37,129 35,147 1,982 5.3 61,611 37,712 35,540 2,172 5.8 61,453 37,607 35,650 1,957 5,871 3,964 3,609 355 9.0 5,882 3,895 3,572 323 8.3 4th Total— White 67,867 34,681 33,662 1,019 2.9 69,056 36,760 34,696 1,065 3.0 60,337 36,839 35,197 1,642 4.5 60,183 36,558 35,157 1,401 3.8 60,246 36,696 35,164 1,532 4.2 60,562 37,151 35,421 1,730 4.7 60,357 36,952 35,046 1,906 5.2 61,257 37,337 35,279 2,058 5.5 60,726 36,899 34,779 4,800 3,245 3,083 162 5.0 6,229 3,536 3,306 229 6.5 5,074 3,417 3,229 189 5.5 6,163 3,508 3,266 241 6.9 5,324 3,631 3,391 240 6.6 5,353 3,587 3,340 247 6.9 5,701 3,779 3,450 329 8.7 5,377 3,556 3,244 312 6.1 4,426 3,016 2,844 171 6.7 8.8 5,672 3,700 3,375 325 8 .8 Civilian noninstitutional p op u la tion .............. 23,831 Civilian labor force........................................ 20,308 E m ployed__________ _________________ 19,916 391 Unem ploym ent______________________ 1.9 Unem ploym ent rate.............. ............... 24,292 20,633 20,274 369 1.7 24,792 20,944 20,573 371 25,315 21,258 20,672 587 1.8 25,334 21,380 20,696 684 3.2 25, 293 21,403 20,776 627 2.9 25,380 21, 561 20,859 702 3.3 25,347 21,298 20,477 821 3.9 25,734 21,625 20,746 880 4.1 25,475 21,343 20,351 993 4.7 25,751 21,678 20,822 856 3.9 25,888 21,884 21,024 858 3.9 25,822 21, 597 20,785 812 3.8 1,783 1,684 1,637 47 3.0 1,936 1,698 1,646 52 3.1 2,082 1,827 1,745 83 4.6 2,010 1,487 1,439 47 3.2 1,773 1,700 73 4.1 2,054 1,800 1,720 79 4.4 2,133 1,881 1,794 2,264 1,952 1,821 131 6.7 2,125 1,836 1,693 142 7.7 2,255 1,929 1,805 123 6.4 2,348 2,038 1,905 134 4.7 2,131 1,856 1,763 93 5.0 2,330 2,005 1,879 127 6.3 Civilian noninstitutional population................ 27,341 Civilian labor force........................ ................ 10,882 E m ployed........... .................................... 10,496 U nem ploym ent---------- --------------- ------387 3.6 Unem ploym ent rate.......................... 27,900 11,277 10,926 362 3.1 28,486 11,864 11,479 385 3.2 29,031 12,350 11,819 532 4.3 28,925 12,429 11,967 462 3.7 28,987 12,204 11,725 478 3.9 29,148 12,075 11,518 557 4.6 29.061 12,693 12.062 631 5.0 29,365 12,606 11,841 665 5.3 29,220 12,009 659 5.2 29,337 12,300 11,690 609 5.0 29,470 12,177 11,440 737 6.1 29,431 12,882 12,225 657 5.1 1,937 1,094 1,027 67 2,282 1,306 1,251 65 4.2 2,607 1,448 1,365 2,425 1,392 1,323 2,473 1,452 1,363 6.1 2,097 1,189 1,126 64 6.4 6.1 2,550 1,458 1,377 81 5.6 2,578 1,490 1,395 95 6.4 2,730 1,560 1,443 117 7.5 2,586 1,490 1,381 109 7.3 2,708 1,510 1,392 118 7.8 2,804 1,607 1,482 125 7.8 2,820 1,631 1,517 114 7.0 6,676 2,749 2,440 309 6,666 2,771 2,463 308 5,779 2,951 2,643 308 10.4 5,972 3,109 2,683 426 13.7 5,942 2,871 2,517 353 12.3 5,964 3,090 2,663 427 13.8 6,035 3,515 3,044 471 13.4 5,948 2,961 2,507 454 15.3 6,159 3,205 2,692 612 16.0 6,031 6,152 3,151 2,634 517 16.4 6,253 3,651 3,074 577 16.8 6,200 682 241 186 65 640 260 197 63 24.2 252 205 46 18.4 257 182 74 29.0 641 292 644 241 181 60 24.9 707 267 186 81 30.2 710 261 177 84 32.0 719 319 732 259 177 82 31.8 Civilian noninstitutional p op u la tion .............. 66,747 Civilian labor force........... .......... .................. 33,938 E m ployed____ _______________________ 32,861 U nem ploym ent______ _______________ 1,087 3.2 U nem ploym ent rate_________________ 2,120 5.7 5.2 Total—Negro and other races Civilian noninstitutional population_________ Civilian labor force____ __________________ E m ployed.................... ............................. U nem ploym ent_________ ____________ Unem ploym ent rate.................. ............ 4,076 2,782 2,613 169 Men, to years and over— White M en, 2.8 toyears and over—Negro and other races Civilian noninstitutional population................ Civilian labor force............... ........................ E m ployed......... ...................................... U nem ploym ent....................................... Unem ploym ent rate............................... Women, 1,666 88 6.6 toyears and over— White 12,668 Women, 20 years and over—Negro and other races Civilian noninstitutional population.........— Civilian labor force................................ — E m ployed_______ ___________________ U nem ploym ent................................... Unem ploym ent rate............................... 88 Teenagers, 16-19 years— White Civilian noninstitutional population................ Civilian labor force..................................... E m ployed........................................... U nem ploym ent........ ............................. U nem ploym ent rate--------- ---------------- 11.2 11.1 2,888 2,420 468 16.2 3,128 2,640 488 15.6 Teenagers, 16-19 years—Negro and other races Civilian noninstitutional population. Civilian labor force.......................... E m ployed.................. ................ U nem ploym ent........................ U nem ploym ent rate................. 472 202 148 64 26.9 646 241 182 69 24.6 22.8 1 Pertains only to standard metropolitan statistical areas (SMSA’s) with populations of 250,000 or more. The poverty neighborhood classification used is based on a ranking of census tracts according to 1960 data on income, education, skills, housing, and proportion of broken families. The poorest one-fifth of these tracts are considered poverty neighborhoods, and the 114FRASER Digitized for 220 72 24.5 229 169 26.1 222 97 30.4 remaining four-fifths are termed “ other urban neighborhoods.” T he poverty area data do not represent the exact dimensions of poor people but are instead minimal estimates of the adverse conditions of residents in these specific neighborhoods. T A B L E 53. Number, Rate, and Percent Distribution of Job V acan cies in Manufacturing, 1969-71 Manufacturing Year and month N um bers In thou sands Rates Durable goods Total Machin Primary ery, except metal Industries electrical Nondurable goods Electrical equipment and supplies Trans porta tion equip ment Instru ments and related products Total Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Printing and publish ing Chem icals and allied products Job vacancy rates1 1969....................................... 1970....................................... 1971........................ - ............ 264 132 88 1.3 .7 .6 1.4 .6 .4 1.2 .6 .2 1.7 .7 .4 1.7 .7 .6 1.3 .6 .4 2.1 1.0 .7 1.2 .7 .6 1.3 .9 .8 1.9 1.4 1.2 1.0 .6 .4 1.1 .7 .4 187 170 166 168 161 123 126 137 118 93 76 76 .9 .9 .8 .8 .8 .6 .6 .7 .6 .6 .4 .4 1.0 .9 .8 .7 .7 .6 .6 .6 .6 .4 .3 .3 .8 .6 .6 .7 .6 .6 .4 .6 .4 .3 .2 .2 1.2 1.0 1.0 .9 .8 .6 .6 .6 .6 .4 .4 .4 1.1 1.1 .9 .8 .7 .6 .6 .7 .6 .4 .4 .4 .8 .6 .7 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .4 .4 .4 .4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.1 .7 .6 .7 .7 .6 .4 .6 .9 .8 .9 .9 .9 .7 .7 .8 .7 .6 .6 .6 .9 .9 1.0 1.1 1.1 .8 .9 1.0 1.0 .8 .6 .6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.1 .8 .7 .7 .7 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .4 .4 .3 .9 .9 .9 .8 .8 .7 .6 .6 .6 .4 .4 .6 81 80 83 93 94 90 90 106 98 90 79 78 .4 .4 .4 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .6 .6 .4 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 .4 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .6 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .4 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .6 .6 .4 .4 .3 .6 .6 .6 .8 .7 .9 .8 .8 .8 .7 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .5 .7 .6 .8 .8 .9 .9 .8 1.0 .9 .9 .8 .8 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 .4 .4 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 .4 .3 .4 .3 .3 .4 .4 .6 .4 .6 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .3 .3 m o January............................... February............................. March................................... A pril..................................... M ay...................................... June...................................... July...................................... A ugust................................. September........................... O ctober................................ N ovem ber........................... D ecem ber............................ 1971 January............................... February............................. March................................... A pril............. - ..................... M ay............................. ......... June...................................... July...................................... A ugust.................... - ........... September..................... . October........... .................... N ovem ber........................... Decem ber........... ............... Long-term vacancy rates2 1969....................................... 1970....................................... 1971....................................... 120 49 27 0.6 .3 .1 0.6 .2 .1 0.6 .2 .1 0.8 .3 .1 0.7 .2 .1 0.6 .2 .1 0.8 .4 .1 0.6 .3 .2 0.6 .2 .2 1.2 .7 .6 0.3 .2 .1 0.6 .3 .1 77 70 67 60 66 46 44 43 38 33 30 29 .4 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .4 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 .3 .2 .2 .3 .2 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .6 .6 .4 .4 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .4 .3 .3 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .6 .8 .9 .6 .4 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .4 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .8 .8 .9 .8 .8 .8 .7 .8 .7 .6 .6 .6 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .4 .3 .4 .4 .4 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 28 27 27 28 27 26 26 28 28 28 26 26 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .7 .7 .7 .7 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 1970 January............................... February............................. March................................... A pril..................................... M ay...................................... June...................................... July............................... — August................................. September........................... O ctober................................ N ovem ber..................... . Decem ber............................ 1971 January............... ................ February.............- .............. March................................... A p ril..................................... M ay.....................................June........ ............................. July....................................... A ugust------ ------------ --------September........................... O ctober................................ N ovem ber_______________ D ecem ber........... ............... («) (») (3) (3) (3) (3) See footnotes at end of table. 115 T A B L E 53. Number, Rate, and Percent Distribution of Job V a can cie s in Manufacturing, 1 9 6 9 -7 1 — Continued Durable goods Year and month Manufac turing Total Nondurable goods Machin Electrical Primary ery, equipment except metal and industries electrical supplies Trans porta tion equip ment Instru ments and related products T otal Apparel and other textile products Printing and publish ing 63 53 51 38 30 52 44 34 52 52 54 54 53 55 52 51 52 51 56 52 35 36 36 33 30 32 27 48 38 42 49 48 44 45 31 38 47 51 45 20 21 21 20 24 28 53 55 55 53 51 49 48 45 49 51 52 50 4.9 6.7 9.2 Textile m ill products Chem i cals and allied products Long-term vacancies as a percent of job vacancies 4 1969__________ _____________ 1970________________________ 1971________________________ 46 37 30 44 36 26 42 36 26 49 42 29 40 28 1970 January-----------------------------February__________ ______ March________ ____________ A p ril......................................... M ay_____ _________________ J u n e ...................... .................. J u ly........ ...................... .......... A ugu st_____ ______________ September_________________ October____________________ N ovem ber_____ ______ ____ December.............. ............. . 41 41 40 38 37 36 35 31 32 35 40 38 41 40 40 37 35 33 33 30 30 34 37 35 41 43 39 36 38 29 35 25 31 44 38 29 46 46 46 42 42 38 42 37 38 40 39 39 36 32 30 28 27 1971 January....... ........................... February........ ....................... . March. ____________________ A p ril______________________ M a y_______________________ June_______________________ J u ly _______________________ A ugust______ _____________ September_____ ___________ October____ ________________ N ovem ber_________________ December__________________ 34 34 32 30 29 28 29 27 28 31 32 33 30 26 27 24 24 23 24 24 25 28 28 30 24 23 28 24 30 30 24 29 26 29 28 29 35 31 29 28 32 30 28 26 27 31 30 29 21 21 22 25 24 26 30 26 26 16 19 17 16 15 20 18 22 24 26 30 42 36 25 38 37 38 37 39 41 29 30 36 33 31 34 41 38 36 49 51 41 39 34 23 24 25 24 20 20 20 21 28 25 19 31 18 19 22 23 22 21 23 26 26 25 33 23 29 18 17 21 17 15 25 48 39 35 39 26 41 42 41 39 39 40 38 33 34 37 42 41 30 31 29 26 29 29 24 38 41 37 37 33 34 33 30 32 34 35 37 22 21 22 24 25 24 23 26 20 23 21 20 19 20 20 22 21 21 22 22 23 25 22 35 44 35 40 36 36 29 31 26 30 27 29 10.5 14.9 19.2 4.0 4.7 4.4 4.4 5.4 4.6 11.8 5.0 4.5 4.6 5.0 4.4 4.3 4.4 5.1 4.6 5.3 5.2 4.2 5.2 5.6 5.9 5.5 5.4 5.9 5.2 4.9 5.2 4.6 5.4 19 26 19 21 22 23 24 Percent distribution of job vacancies in manufacturing 1969..................................... . 1970__________ _____ ________ 1971......... ............ ............ ......... 100.0 100.0 100.0 63.4 53.8 49.7 1970 January___________________ February................. ................ March_____________________ A pril____ ____________ ____ M ay........................... ........... . June_________ _____________ J u ly______ ________ _______ A ugust____________________ September_________________ O ctober.___________________ N ovem ber_________________ December__________________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 60.4 58.9 56.9 54.9 53.7 52.1 51.2 51.5 48.9 49.1 46.7 48.4 1971 January____________________ February__________________ M a rch .____ _______________ A p ril____ _________________ M a y_____ _________________ J u n e .._______ _____________ J u ly ________________ ____ _ A ugust______ _____________ September_________________ October____________________ N ovem ber_________________ December________ ________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 46.7 49.7 47.8 49.6 47.7 48.8 50.6 50.6 52.3 60.3 49.9 51.4 6.0 13.2 5.0 3.3 10.6 5.6 4.4 4.6 6.3 5.7 5.3 4.5 5.5 13.2 12.7 12.3 11.4 10.7 10.5 8.4 6.0 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.2 5.0 4.8 4.9 4.3 3.0 2.3 2.0 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 7.9 8.2 8.6 8.8 9.3 8.8 8.5 8.1 116 10.0 7.3 8.4 12.0 12.6 11.0 10.1 9.7 9.2 9.9 9.8 9.3 9.1 8.5 9.2 8.5 9.6 7.7 8.7 8.7 9.6 9.6 7.9 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.6 7.0 8.5 8.3 10.1 10.1 11.1 9.7 10.9 12.7 8.1 1 Computed b y dividing the number of vacancies b y the sum of em ploy ment plus vacancies and multiplying the quotient b y 100. 2 Long-term job vacancies are those vacancies that have remained unfilled for 30 days or more. The long-term job vacancy rate is computed by dividing 12.8 10.3 9.8 8.6 7.0 8.3 6.3 7.1 7.0 36.6 46.2 50.3 4.2 4.9 5.0 4.4 3.6 39.6 41.1 43.1 45.1 46.3 47.9 48.8 48.5 51.1 50.9 53.3 51.6 2.6 6.8 2.4 2.4 2.5 3.1 2.4 7.4 5.9 6.9 7.4 8.6 2.6 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.9 3.1 2.6 8.1 8.3 9.3 9.7 8.7 8.7 9.3 7.1 3.9 3.5 3.4 ' 3.1 3.6 3.4 4.4 3.8 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.1 53.3 50.3 52.2 50.4 52.3 51.2 49.4 49.4 47.7 49.7 50.1 48.6 4.7 5.2 6.0 7.0 7.0 6.8 7.0 7.3 13.6 13.3 13.2 14.1 16.5 14.9 15.7 16.1 17.0 8.2 8.2 8.1 20.6 7.7 20.3 8.0 20.8 20.8 7.6 9.1 8.8 9.2 9.3 8.6 9.5 9.2 10.2 10.4 10.0 21.4 19.5 19.0 19.7 19.2 18.3 17.5 18.0 18.2 18.8 6.0 4.9 4.7 4.3 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.1 3.8 4.4 4.3 4.6 6.2 4.9 5.6 5.5 4.8 5.0 4.7 4.6 3.7 3.9 4.4 4.2 4.0 the number of long-term vacancies b y the sum of employment plus all job vacancies and multiplying that quotient b y 100. 3 Less than 0.05. 4 Percentages are com puted using unrounded rates. T A B L E 54. Labor Turnover Rates of Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, 1930-71 [Per 100 employees] Accession rates Separation rates Accession rates Total ______ 1930 1931 ____________ 1 9 3 2 ______________ 1933_____________ ____ ____________ 1934._ 1935___________________ 1936._ ________________ 1937.. ________________ ______________ 1938.. 1939______ ____________ 1940_____ _____________ 1941_________ __________ 1942..................... .............. 1943 1 2.3 *.............. ................. 1944______ ____________ 1945___________________ 1946....................... .......... 1947___________________ 1948___________________ 1949........ .......................... 1950........................... . 1951_________ ______ 1952_____ ______ _______ 1953____________ _____ 1954___________________ 1955_______ ____ ______ 1956___________________ 1957_________ ____ _____ 1958___________________ 1959 5____ ______________ 1960___________________ 1961.___________________ 1962___________________ 1963___________________ 1964___________ ______ _ 1965_____________ _____ 1966................................... 1967................................... 1968............... ............... . 1969.......................... ......... 1970............... — ............ 1971............................ ... Separation rates Month Year New hires 3.8 3.7 4.1 6.5 5.7 5.1 5.3 4.3 4.7 5.0 5.4 6.5 9.3 9.1 7.4 7.7 5.9 4.8 5.2 4.5 4.9 4.3 4.0 5.2 4.8 3.7 4.0 4.7 7.8 8.6 8.1 8.1 6.2 5.4 4.3 5.3 5.3 5.4 4.8 3.6 4.5 4.2 3.6 3.6 4.2 3.8 4.1 4.1 3.9 4.0 4.3 5.0 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.0 3.9 Total 4.1 4.1 3.6 1.9 3.0 2.8 2.2 1.7 2.6 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.4 2.6 3.1 3.8 3.3 3.5 3.7 2.8 2.5 9.6 7.2 5.7 5.4 5.0 4.1 5.3 4.9 5.1 4.1 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.9 4.1 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.9 4.8 4.2 Quits 1.9 1.1 .9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.5 .8 1.0 i 1.1 2.4 4.6 6.3 6.2 6.1 5.2 4.1 3.4 1.9 2.3 2.9 2.8 2.8 3.6 3.5 4.2 3.2 3.7 3.0 2.4 3.5 3.9 2.6 2.6 1.6 1.3 .7 .7 2.6 1.4 1.1 1.6 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.1 1.8 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.8 3. 9 3.0 3. 5 3.4 2. 7 1. 9 1.4 Total 4.8 4.3 4.4 4. 8 4. 6 4.4 5] 3 5.6 6. 0 5.3 4.3 4.1 Quits 2.1 l! 9 2^0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 3! 0 3.3 July A u gu st O c to b e r M n v e m h er D ecem ber 3. 5 3.1 3.5 3. 7 3.9 4. 9 4.0 5.3 4.8 3.8 3.3 2. 5 2. 0 1. 9 2. 2 2.3 2.6 3! 5 2. 7 3. 4 3! 3 2. 7 2. 2 l! 6 4. 2 3’ 5 3’ 7 4’ 0 3.7 3! 8 4! 8 5. 5 5! 3 4.3 3.7 3.8 Layoffs 1. 7 1.5 1.6 1. 7 1.5 1.5 2*3 1. 7 1. 7 1 1 2. 2 2.1 2.1 1.4 1.2 2. 2 1. 5 1.3 1.5 1. Q 1 a 1 1. A ‘t 1 1. T Vt 1. 4 1. 2 1. 2 1.6 l! 7 1.8 1. 8 2. 8 2*. 9 1. 9 1 5 l! 2 9 1 1. 8 1. 5 1.5 1a 0 l. 1.8 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.6 1Quits include miscellaneous separations prior to 1940. 2 Beginning January 1943 labor turnover rates refer to all employees; pre viously, to production workers only. 3 Beginning January 1959 transfers between establishments of the same firm are included in total accessions and total separations, therefore rates for these items are not strictly comparable with prior data. Transfers com http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 466-157 0 - 7 2 - 9 Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis April September____________ 2.1 2.6 2.0 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.7 4.2 5.4 4.4 5.1 4. 7 3.8 3.0 2.4 New hires 1971 J anu ary F ebru ary M arch 1.6 1.6 1.1 1.2 A u gu st S ep te m b e r O c to b e r N n v e m h er D ecem ber M ay June 2.3 1.5 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.9 1970 January__ _________ February. _________ March_____ __________ April __ May _________ June July 2.9 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.3 Total Layoffs prise part of other accessions and other separations, the rates for which are not shown separately. N o te : Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959. Annual rates are averages of 12 m onthly observations. 117 T A B L E 55. Labor Turnover Rate* of Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajor Industry 6ro u p, 1958-71 [Per 100 employees] Durable goods Year and month Total Ord Furni Lum ber nance and ac and wood ture and cessories products fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal indus tries Fabri cated metal products Ma Elec Trans Instru Miscel chinery, trical portation ments laneous except equip equip and manu electrical ment and ment related facturing supplies products industries Accessions: Total 1958.. 19591 1960.. 19611962.. 1963.. 1964196519661967„ 196819691970.. 1971— 1970 J a n u a ry ........... . F e b ru a ry -........... M arch------- --------A p ril-----------------M a y-------------------June____________ J u ly _____________ A ugu st---------------Septem ber----------October--------------N ovem ber----------D ecem ber_______ 1971 January-----------------------February----------------------M arch------- ------- -----------A p ril----------------------------M ay____________________ June-------- ------- -------------J u ly ____________________ A u gu st................... ........... Septem ber_____________ October________________ N ovem ber_____________ D ecem ber--------------------- 3.5 4.2 3.5 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.7 4.1 4.8 4.1 4.3 4.4 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.7 4.8 3.6 4.5 4.1 3.2 2.6 2.1 3.2 2.9 3.4 3.4 3.7 4.4 3.4 4.8 4.3 3.4 2.9 2.3 3.7 3.2 2.0 4.8 5.5 4.8 5.3 5.5 5.6 5.3 2.9 4.0 3.9 3.4 2.4 1.7 1.9 3.8 4.5 3.9 4.1 4.5 4.4 4.8 5.5 6.7 6.5 6.5 6.3 5.3 5.6 6.6 2.6 2.9 2.9 2.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.9 3.0 2.1 2.1 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.2 2.9 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.7 2.5 1.8 2.1 2.2 1.6 1.7 1.1 6.0 5.3 4.1 5.5 5.5 6.8 7.6 5.5 6.2 5.7 4.7 3.6 3.0 4.7 4.7 5.3 5.9 6.7 8.3 5.8 6.5 6.6 5.0 4.1 3.4 5.6 6.3 6.4 4.9 5.3 4.9 4.0 4.9 4.6 4.7 5.4 5.4 6.8 6.6 5.3 3.5 2.5 4.5 4.3 4.9 4.9 5.5 5.7 5.6 7.5 7.3 5.6 4.8 3.4 3.6 4.0 3.4 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 4.0 4.5 4.5 4.8 5.0 4.3 4.0 3.7 3.8 4.7 4.7 5.0 6.3 4.7 4.7 4.6 3.7 3.0 2.2 3.2 3.4 4.4 4.9 4.7 5.5 4.1 4.7 4.3 3.3 3.1 2.3 2.8 3.1 2.4 3.4 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.9 3.7 3.1 3.6 4.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.6 4.8 3.0 3.3 2.9 2.4 2.4 2.4 3.6 3.1 3.3 2.9 3.0 3.4 2.1 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.0 3.0 3.8 4.7 3.9 4.4 4.1 4.0 4.2 4.6 5.3 4.9 5.2 5.3 4.2 3.9 4.5 3.7 4.2 4.2 4.7 5.7 4.6 5.5 4.8 3.6 2.9 2.3 3.4 3.2 3.7 3.8 4.1 5.3 4.3 5.0 4.7 3.7 3.1 2.5 2.8 3.6 2.9 3.1 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.9 3.1 3.2 3.6 2.6 2.4 3.2 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.6 3.7 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.6 2.4 2.0 2.4 3.3 4.0 3.2 3.6 3.6 3.1 3.3 3.9 4.7 3.6 3.7 4.0 3.1 2.9 4.2 4.8 4.4 4.7 4.7 4.0 4.1 4.7 5.3 4.3 4.4 4.2 3.8 3.7 3.3 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.1 4.1 3.0 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.2 3.6 4.5 3.6 5.9 5.5 3,2 3.2 2.3 2.8 2.3 2.0 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.2 2.6 2.5 3.1 2.3 2.9 2.9 3.6 2.8 2.6 2.2 1.8 2.8 3.9 3.6 3.0 2.7 2.0 3.3 2.9 3.3 3.3 3.8 4.1 3.5 7.2 5.1 3.1 2.7 2.0 2.0 4.6 5.5 5!g 5.6 5.6 5.4 5*7 6.3 6.9 5.9 2.9 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.2 3.8 3.1 3.1 3.3 6.1 6.4 5.6 5.5 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.6 5.8 5. 2 5.4 2.7 2.5 6.1 2.6 5.4 6.5 6.4 7.7 6.7 5.8 3.4 2.4 3.8 2.6 2.8 2.7 2.5 1.9 1.5 * 2.2 2.0 4.6 4.7 5.5 5.2 5.7 7.1 5.7 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.8 2.3 3.1 3.2 2.7 2.3 1.9 6.6 7.2 5.9 4.4 1 2.8 Accessions: N ew hires 1958................................................ 1959__________________________ I960— . ....................................... 1961_____ _____________________ 1962__________________________ 1963__________________________ 1964______________ ____________ 1965...____ _______ ___________ 1966__________________________ 1967____________ _______ _____ 1968........................... ............. . 1969____ _______________ _____ 1970________________ ________ _ 1971____________________ _____ 1970 January........................................ February-------------------------------M arch________________________ A p ril________________________ M a y---------- ----------------------------June_________________________ J u ly _________________________ A ugust---------- ---------- ------------Septem ber___________________ October____________________ __ N ovem ber-------- ------- ------------D ecem ber.............................. . 1971 January______________________ February_____________________ M arch___________ ____________ A p ril............ ............... ............ .. M a y_____ ____________________ June_________________________ J u ly ___________ ______________ A ugu st______________________ September_____ ______________ October______________________ N ovem ber___________________ D ecem ber____________________ See footnotes at end of table. 118 1.5 2.5 1.9 1.9 2.3 2.1 2.4 3.0 3.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 2.3 2.2 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.4 3.3 2.3 2.8 2.8 2.2 1.5 1.1 1.6 1.6 1.9 2.0 2.3 3.0 2.2 2.8 2.8 2.3 1.9 1.4 2.9 2.5 1.9 2.1 2.0 1.6 1.1 1.8 3.3 3.3 2.8 1.8 0.9 .9 .9 .8 .7 .7 1.0 1.6 1.1 1.1 1.0 .7 .6 .6 .6 .7 .8 .7 .7 1.3 .9 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.1 .6 2.9 4.2 3.4 3.3 3.9 4.2 4.1 4.7 5.7 5.3 5.5 5.4 4.2 4.5 3.7 3.3 3.9 4.2 5.1 6.3 4.6 5.2 4.9 4.0 2.9 2.2 3.1 3.3 3.8 4.5 5.3 6.8 4.9 5.6 5.9 4.5 3.5 2.7 2.2 3.4 2.8 2.8 3.5 3.5 3.9 4.6 5.9 4.7 5.6 5.7 3.9 4.4 4.1 3.2 3.7 3.5 3.5 4.2 4.3 5.4 5.8 4.4 2.8 2.0 3.5 3.2 3.7 3.8 4.3 4.8 4.6 6.4 6.4 4.9 4.2 2.8 1.7 2.6 2.0 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.7 3.5 3.3 3.7 4.1 3.1 2.8 2.7 2.6 0.6 1.7 .8 .9 1.1 1.2 1.8 2.0 2.7 2.0 2.5 3.0 1.9 1.5 2.3 1.9 1.8 3.1 3.3 3.7 4.8 3.4 3.6 3.6 2.9 1.9 3.3 1.7 1.9 1.4 .9 1,4 1.6 1.9 1.8 2,0 2.2 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.0 .8 1.8 2.0 2.5 3.2 3.3 4.3 3.1 3.6 3.4 2.5 2.2 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.0 1.4 .9 1.7 2.7 2.1 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.9 3.5 4.3 3.7 4.2 4.4 3.1 2.6 3.5 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.1 4.2 3.2 3.8 4.0 2.9 1.9 1.1 2.3 1.7 1.6 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.6 3.3 2.4 2.4 2.9 1.7 1.4 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.7 2.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 2.6 2.0 2.1 2.4 1.9 2.1 2.9 3.8 2.5 2.7 3.1 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.7 1.6 2.1 1.9 2.2 2.8 2.0 1.9 1.9 2.6 3.4 2.7 3.4 2.7 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.4 1.6 2.3 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.5 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.9 2.8 1.8 2.3 2.3 1.9 1.6 1.8 2.3 1.9 2.4 2.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.8 2.2 1.8 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.0 .8 .9 1.1 1.9 1.9 2.4 2.2 2.7 3.8 2.9 3.5 3.5 2.7 2.2 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.9 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.5 2.1 1.6 2.2 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.6 2.1 2.4 1.8 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.2 2.3 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.3 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.4 3.8 4.5 5.5 4.5 4.8 5.1 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 4.0 4.7 4.2 5.7 5.5 4.6 1.2 .9 2.6 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.9 2.9 1.7 2.3 2.4 2.0 1.7 2.6 2.8 3.4 3.4 4.3 5.8 4.0 5.4 6.0 4.8 3.5 2.0 ,4 T A B L E 55. Labor Turnover Rates of Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajor Industry Group, 1 9 5 8 -7 1 -—Continued [Per 100 employees] Nondurable goods Year and m onth Total Food and kindred products Textile Tobacco manufac mill tures products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publish ing Chemi cals and allied products Petro leum and coal products 1.8 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 0.9 1.3 R ubber and plastics prod ucts, nec. Leather and leather products Accessions: Total 1958.............. ..................... .............................. 1959 1................. - .......... - ------- -----------------I9 6 0 ..--------------- ---------------------- --------------1961------------- --------------- ---------- — .............. 1962............................ .............. ...................... 1963__________________________ _________ 1964__________________ __________________ 1965------------------------------------ ------------------1966.............................. ............. ............ ......... 1967........................................... ...................... 1968....................- ..................... - .........- .......... 1969................................ .................................. 1970...............................................................1971................................................................... mo January........................................................... February......................................................... March.............................................................. A pril................................................................ M ay.................................................................. June................................................................. July....................................................... - ......... A ugust............................................................. September...................................................... October.......... - ............................................... N ovem ber...................................................... Decem ber....................................................... mi 3.8 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.6 5.2 4.9 5.1 5.2 4.6 4.3 6.1 4.5 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.8 5.6 4.9 5.1 5.2 6.9 6.2 5.5 6.0 5.5 4.6 3.4 2.7 January.........................................— .......... February........................................................ March.............................................................. A pril................................................................ M ay.................................................................. June................................................................. July.................................................................. August............................................................ September...................................................... October........................................................... Novem ber....................................................... December....................................................... 3.9 3.4 3.8 3.9 4.3 5.6 4.8 5.9 5.4 4.4 3.7 1958.................................. .............................. 1959____________________________________: 1960_________ ______ ___________________ 1961____________________________________ 1962.................................................................. 1963_____ _________ ____________ _______ 1964____________________________________ 1965________________ ___________________ 1966................................................................... 1967_____________________________________ 1968................................................ ................. 1969.......................................................... . 1970................................................................... 1971................................................................... 2.0 2.8 2.6 2.8 5.6 6.2 6.0 6.0 6.4 5.9 6.1 6.1 6.9 6.7 7.0 7.2 6.7 10.0 8.8 10.1 8.9 6.8 4.6 3.8 4.6 3.9 4.6 5.2 5.9 8.6 7.6 9.4 8.5 6.1 4.7 3.7 3.2 3.5 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.8 4.3 5.1 4.9 5.3 5.5 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.7 5.4 5.7 5.5 5.3 5.5 5.8 5.7 5.1 4.8 5.3 5.9 12.6 5.0 4.2 4.8 5.0 4.9 5.4 5.3 5.5 5.7 4.1 4.2 3.9 5.1 4.0 3.1 5.6 5.4 5.4 5.9 6.4 6.6 6.8 6.1 6.5 6.6 6.0 6.0 4.9 5.0 2.9 2.9 2.8 3.2 3.6 5.2 7.3 3.1 2.1 1.7 2.8 2.7 4.7 4.5 19.1 7.7 4.7 4.4 6.0 4.6 4.1 4.6 4.9 5.3 5.9 5.0 6.1 6.2 2.6 5.7 5.0 3.5 2.0 1.6 6.1 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.4 5.3 6.2 6.7 6.9 5.9 5.3 4.3 2.9 5.3 4.6 4.9 4.9 5.4 5.8 6.3 7.4 6.1 5.3 4.6 3.1 2.4 3.2 4.0 3.7 4.1 4.3 3.2 2.5 3.0 3.0 2.9 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.8 3.2 2.8 2.8 1.9 3.6 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.4 5.1 3.2 3.5 3.4 2.9 3.4 3.1 3.2 2.4 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.4 2.9 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.6 2.8 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.6 2.2 2.3 1.8 2.8 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.4 3.7 2.2 3.0 4.3 3.2 3.4 3.8 3.2 2.5 2.4 2.9 4.4 1.9 2.1 2.5 2.9 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.1 3.4 3.6 3.1 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.9 4.4 5.5 5.0 5.3 5.7 4.7 4.2 4.8 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.9 6.0 5.3 6.1 2.8 2.0 1.9 1.4 5.8 5.9 6.3 5.9 4.7 3.1 2.9 2.5 2.1 1.5 1.2 1.2 .9 1.8 1.0 1.6 0.6 .8 .8 1.3 2.4 1.7 1.7 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.9 3.8 3.0 1.9 3.4 1.7 1.9 3.3 3.6 2.8 6.2 1.1 1.8 2.6 5.3 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.9 7.5 1.2 2.6 2.8 6.0 1.5 1.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 4.3 2.9 3.3 3.0 6.2 6.3 5.8 5.8 5.4 4.6 3.5 3.7 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.4 5.4 4.2 5.4 4.8 4.0 3.4 2.4 2.2 4.2 4.8 4.8 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.4 6.3 5.9 2.0 2.0 1.6 2.2 2.1 1.5 6.4 5.6 4.6 4.1 5.8 4.8 5.5 5.9 6.2 6.1 6.6 Accessions: N ew hires 1970 January........................................................... February......................................................... March............................................................... A pril................................................................. M ay.................................................................. June................................................................. July................................................................. August............................................................. September...................................................... October........................................................... Novem ber....................................................... Decem ber........................................................ 1971 January........................................................... February......................................................... March............................................................... A pril................................................................ M ay.................................................................. June................................................................. July.................................................................. A ugust............................................................. September...................................................... October........................................................... N ovem ber....................................................... Decem ber....................................................... footnotes at end of table. Digitized forSee FRASER 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.8 3.2 4.0 3.6 3.9 4.0 3.4 3.0 3.3 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.4 4.7 3.8 4.5 4.2 3.4 2.4 1.7 2.4 2.2 2.6 2.7 3.0 4.1 3.4 4.2 4.0 3.2 2.6 1.8 2.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.8 3.6 3.8 4.1 5.0 4.9 5.1 5.4 4.8 4.1 4.1 3.4 3.5 3.7 5.0 7.3 6.3 7.9 6.6 4.9 3.1 2.3 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.8 3.7 3.3 3.8 4.1 3.9 4.1 3.5 3.1 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.7 3.3 4.5 9.8 4.0 3.5 2.8 2.4 2.1 12.5 5.1 3.5 2.9 3.3 2.9 3.5 3.7 4.1 4.7 3.8 4.9 5.0 4.6 3.9 1.6 2.6 1.5 1.4 1.2 3.2 3.9 1.5 6.0 4.0 3.1 2.3 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.6 4.2 3.8 4.3 4.1 3.7 2.7 2.0 2.2 2.5 5.3 6.9 3.8 3.2 3.6 3.8 3.8 4.3 3.9 4.3 4.6 4.0 3.0 2.4 2.8 2.8 6.1 2.5 2.5 2.7 3.3 4.1 3.8 4.3 4.4 3.7 3.9 2.5 3.6 3.2 3.1 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.7 4.2 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.5 3.5 2.9 1.8 2.4 2.0 1.6 3.0 2.9 3.4 3.2 3.5 4.0 3.8 4.5 4.5 3.7 3.1 1.9 1.5 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.5 3.5 3.1 3.5 3.7 2.6 2.0 2.9 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.6 4.1 2.6 2.9 2.9 2.4 1.6 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.7 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.6 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.3 2.6 2.1 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.9 4.8 4.2 4.7 4.5 4.1 4.0 1.4 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.0 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.4 3.5 2.5 2.9 3.2 2.6 2.0 3.0 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.0 .8 2.0 1.8 1.2 1.1 1.9 1.9 1.4 1.3 1.4 2.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.9 2.3 1.2 2.3 2.3 1.7 1.3 2.0 2.4 2.3 2.8 2.2 1.7 2.1 .9 2.6 2.1 2.1 1.6 1.9 2.4 2.9 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.0 .8 2.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 2.5 3.3 2.3 2.6 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.8 2.6 3.4 4.6 4.0 4.3 4.7 3.4 2.9 3.7 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.5 4.7 3.5 4.1 4.3 3.4 2.0 4.3 3.6 3.7 4.1 4.3 5.4 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.1 3.3 1.4 2.8 1.4 2.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 2.9 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.3 2.3 2.7 2.9 3.2 4.0 3.0 3.8 3.8 3.2 1.0 2.6 .7 1.7 3.7 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.0 4.3 4.2 3.2 2.5 4.0 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.4 .9 119 T A B L E 55. Labor Turnover Rates o f Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajor Industry Group, 1 95 8 -7 1 — Continued [Per 100 employees] Durable goods Year and month Total Ord nance and ac cessories Lum ber Furni and wood ture and products fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal indus tries Fabri cated metal products Separations: 2.2 1958................................................ 1959 »............................................. 1960................................................ 1961................................................ 1962................................................ 1963................. - ............................. 1964................................................ 1965................................................ 1966................................................ 1967................................................ 1968................................................ 1969......... ..................................... 1970..................................... .......... 1971............. .................................. 4.1 4.0 4.3 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.8 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.7 3.9 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.7 2.7 3.4 2.5 2.7 3.2 3.4 3.9 4.0 3.0 1970 January........................................ February...................................... March.................................. ......... A p ril...................................... . M ay---------- ------------------------ -June_______________ ______ July____ ____________________A ugust..................... ................... September............. ....................October........................................ N o v e m b e r...............................D ecem ber..................... ............. 4.8 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.4 4.3 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.3 4.2 3.9 4.6 3.9 5.1 4.1 4.1 3.6 3.5 4.2 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.3 1971 January........................................ February........ ............................. March.....................................—A p ril....................... - ..................M a y ........................ ..................... June.............................................. July............................ - .............. A ugust..................... ................... September---------------------- ------October------ --------------------------N ovem ber............... — ............ D ecem ber------- ----------------------- 4.0 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.3 3.5 4.7 5.4 4.6 4.0 3.4 3.3 5.0 4.3 3.1 3.7 2.5 2.2 2.1 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.1 4.9 5.4 6.1 5.4 5.6 5.5 5.5 6.0 7.1 6.6 6.4 6.7 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.6 5.1 6.3 5.8 6.0 5.3 6.5 5.7 5.2 6.4 6.3 5.6 5.6 5.7 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.1 6.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 7.0 7.2 5.8 5.6 5.7 5.2 5.8 6.4 7.0 5.9 4.5 4.1 4.9 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.8 5.1 6.7 7.2 5.3 4.7 5.4 5.1 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.5 5.4 7.2 6.7 5.5 4.7 3.9 3.9 3.8 4.1 3.8 4.1 3.8 3.7 3.9 4.6 4.7 4.6 5.0 4.8 4.2 5.4 4.3 4.3 4.5 4.7 4.5 4.6 5.7 6.1 5.0 4.3 4.6 5.1 3.9 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 4.1 5.1 5.1 4.1 4.1 4.3 3.4 2.5 4.0 1970 January---------------------------------February.............................— March_______________________ A p ril..................... ............. ......... M ay........................................... June------ ----------- -------------------J uly--------------------------------------A ugust............ .......... .................. September----------------------------October----------- ----------------------N ovem ber_____ _____________ Decem ber------ -----------------------1971 January____________________ February..............— .......... . March.......................................... A p ril---------- --------------------------M ay____ _____________________ June__________________ ______J u ly___________ ______________ A ugust---------- -----------------------September__________ ______- - October______________________ N ovem ber___________________ Decem ber------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. 120 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.7 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.5 1.8 1.4 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.7 2.6 2.3 1.9 2.4 2.7 3.6 3.1 3.5 3.2 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.9 3.7 3.4 4.2 4.5 5.0 5.5 4.9 4.6 5.5 4.8 4.8 5.1 5.7 6.2 5.5 4.3 3.8 2.8 3.3 2.8 2.3 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.7 3.8 4.1 3.9 4.2 2.8 2.9 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.7 3.1 5,2 9.0 5.1 4.5 3.6 3.0 .5 .6 .6 3.6 3.1 2.9 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.3 4.2 4.2 4.1 2.7 3.3 4.3 3.1 3.3 3.3 2.5 4.0 3.3 3.8 4.1 3.2 3.6 8.7 7.2 4.1 3.7 3.1 3.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 2.6 3.1 3.1 3.1 2.8 2.8 3.3 3.4 3.0 2.5 2.2 0.9 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.9 0.7 1.1 .9 .8 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.7 2.4 2.3 3.0 2.3 1.9 2.0 1.0 2.1 1.6 3.3 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.4 2.7 3.2 4.4 4.6 3.2 2.2 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 2.3 1.6 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.8 1.1 .8 .9 .5 1.8 1.1 1.0 1.2 .7 2.2 2.1 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.6 .6 .7 .7 .7 .8 .7 1.2 1.1 .7 .6 .5 2.6 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 3.4 3.6 .9 1.2 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.4 2.1 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.8 3.1 1.4 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.6 2.3 2.0 2.0 2.3 1.7 1.2 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.7 2.1 2.5 2.0 .8 1.3 .7 1.6 1.1 .7 1.1 .6 .9 2.2 2.2 1.8 1.5 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.9 3.0 2.7 3.1 4.7 4.6 3.4 1.5 1.3 1.5 .8 2.4 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.2 4.9 6.3 3.4 1.8 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.6 2.6 2.2 2.8 2.2 1.9 1.9 1.9 3.0 3.1 3.5 3.3 3.4 4.1 3.7 1.8 1.1 2.5 1.4 1.2 2.8 .7 .9 1.4 1.8 1.0 1.5 1.3 .7 .5 8.8 5.9 5.1 5.9 4.3 4.4 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.4 3.4 2.8 2.2 3.4 2.5 2.5 5.2 5.3 5.8 6.8 6.0 5. 5 5.7 5.0 6.8 6.3 6. 2 6.7 65 5.5 8.2 4.7 5.2 6.1 6.0 5.4 7.0 6.9 7.1 6.2 6.8 8.9 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 5.4 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.7 5.7 3.2 3.2 3.1 2.3 5.6 5.7 2.6 8.8 0.9 0.8 .9 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.9 1.9 6.0 6.6 Quits 2.4 3.1 4.3 3.7 4.1 4.5 3.2 3.0 .8 .6 1.6 1.2 1.0 .8 .6 5.4 5.4 5.6 5.2 4.8 5.0 2.6 2.8 3.4 4.5 4.1 4.2 4.5 3.3 3.1 1.8 1.2 2.3 0.4 4.5 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.8 5.2 5.2 4.4 3.6 2.7 2.8 1.5 2.2 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 4.3 3.8 3.9 4.0 3.8 4.0 4.4 5.1 5.1 4.5 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.1 3.2 4.0 4.0 3.7 4.0 4.5 4.4 4.2 3.3 2.9 2.8 .9 1.7 1.7 2.5 2.7 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 2.1 2.1 1.0 1.4 6.1 5.3 5.5 5.2 5.0 4.6 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.9 4.7 4.6 5.0 5.5 4.3 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.5 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.7 2.9 3.5 3.2 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.8 4.0 3.8 4.0 4.4 3.3 1.1 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.2 4.7 5.1 3.3 2.4 1.8 1.8 1.3 1.9 1.7 1.5 Total 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.6 4.2 4.0 4.1 4.2 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.4 5.1 4.2 Separations: 1958............................................... 1959_____ ____________________ 1960.............................................. 1961................................................ 1962..................................... .......... 1963.....................- ......................... 1964............. ............................... 1965................................................ 1966................................................ 1967............................................... 1968................................................ 1969........................ ...................... 1970.................... .......... ................ 1971__________________________ Ma Elec Trans Instru Miscel chinery, trical portation ments laneous except equip equip and manu electrical ment and ment related facturing supplies products industries 3.0 3.2 1.1 .8 1.0 .9 1.0 1.3 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.9 1.8 1.8 2.0 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.8 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.9 2.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.7 1.9 1.4 1.0 1.8 .8 .7 .7 .9 1.1 .9 .8 .9 .9 .9 .9 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.8 2.0 1.0 .8 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.1 .7 .9 .9 .7 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.6 2.6 1.8 .8 .7 .9 .9 .9 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.5 .9 .9 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.6 3.6 3.2 3.3 3.6 2.9 2.4 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.9 2.9 2.6 2.8 4.1 4.3 3.0 2.1 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.3 3.6 4.1 2.8 2.4 1. 9 T A B L E 55. Labor Turnover Rate* of Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajor Industry Group, 1 9 5 8 -7 1 — Continued [Per 100 employees] Durable goods Year and month Total Ord Furni Lum ber nance and ac and wood ture and cessories products fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal indus tries Fabri cated metal products M a Elec Trans Instru Miscel chinery, trical portation ments laneous except equip equip and manu electrical ment and ment related facturing supplies products industries Separations: Layoffs 1968.. 1959.. 1960.. 1961.. 1962.. 1963.. 1964.. 1965.. 1966.. 1967.. 1968.. 1969.. 1970.. 1971.. 1970 January................ F e b ru a ry ............ March................... A p ril..................... M a y....................... J u n e .............. — J u ly .......... .......... A ugu st.................. Septem ber........... O ctober........... . . . N ovem ber............ D e ce m b e r.--------1971 J a n u a ry -........... February.......... . M arch................... A p ril_____ ______ M a y...................... J u n e ..................... J u ly .......... ............ A u g u s t ......... — Septem ber......... O c to b e r ............... N ovem ber........ . D e ce m b e r-.......... 2.7 1.0 2.5 .7 .9 .7 .9 2.0 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.8 .8 .4 .7 .7 2.6 2.1 3.1 2.8 2.4 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.5 2.7 2.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 2.7 2.2 1.7 1.9 1.7 3.2 2.5 2.4 1.7 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.0 1.6 .9 1.2 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.3 2.3 2.7 2.4 1.5 2.4 3.1 3.5 3.0 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.0 1.8 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.5 .9 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.8 1.7 1.1 1.2 1.2 2.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 2.1 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.5 3.6 1.5 1.3 1.8 1.2 1.1 1.8 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.6 2.0 1.5 2.7 1.3 1.2 .8 .8 .6 .8 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.0 .9 .9 1.4 2.4 .8 .8 .9 .8 .8 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.0 .9 1.3 1.2 1.1 2.9 6.3 1.8 2.8 2.6 2.2 2.3 1.7 1.5 1.2 .8 .5 .8 .8 .6 1.6 1.2 .9 .9 1.0 1.6 1.8 1.5 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.2 1.4 .5 2.2 1.9 1.4 2.1 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.1 .8 .6 2.4 2.0 1.8 2.5 1.4 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.0 .8 1.2 1.4 2.6 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.6 .8 1.0 .6 1.0 1.1 .6 1.6 2.0 1.4 2.4 .7 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.4 .7 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.6 2.6 2.0 .7 3.0 3.0 2.9 1.6 1.1 1.2 1.0 .8 2.2 2.6 1.1 2.9 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.6 2.2 2.2 1.1 1.9 2.5 1.8 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.0 .8 1.1 .8 2.4 2.4 .7 1.4 2.3 1.2 1.8 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.1 1.0 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.1 1.1 2.0 1.6 2.4 1.9 1.6 1.1 1.4 1.1 .8 .8 1.7 1.2 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.6 2.8 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 3.3 2.4 1.1 .8 1.9 3.2 3.6 3.5 3.1 2.7 2.9 2.0 1.5 1.3 .9 1.3 3.3 1.7 2.1 2.3 1.3 1.3 1.8 2.1 1.2 2.3 1.3 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 .8 .9 1.4 1.3 .7 1.1 .7 3.4 2.5 3.0 6.6 1.7 1.7 2.5 2.4 1.2 1.4 1.4 .9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 2.1 1.4 1.4 1.4 2.8 2.3 .4 .5 .5 .5 1.9 1.6 1.6 .9 .7 .9 .9 3.4 2.7 3.2 3.2 3.1 2.9 .6 1.6 2.0 1.3 .6 1.1 1.6 6.7 4.5 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.0 1.5 .9 1.8 1.0 .9 .9 .8 .6 .7 .6 .5 .7 .7 .7 1.9 2.0 2.6 4.2 1.2 1.6 2.2 2.1 1.7 3.0 1.6 1.7 2.0 4.0 6.3 2.6 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.4 2.4 1.3 1.4 1.8 2.5 6.1 See footnotes at end of table. 121 T A B L E 55. Labor Turnover Rate* of Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, b y M ajo r Industry Group, 1958-71 — Continued [Per 100 employees] Nondurable goods Year and month Total Food and kindred products Tobacco Textile manufac mill tures products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publish ing Chemi cals and allied products Petro Rubber leum and Leather and plastics and coal products, leather products nec. products Separations: Total 1958 __ ________________ 1959 i _____________________ 1960 ___________ _______ 1961 ___________________ 1962 ___________________ 1963 ___________________ 1964 ___________________ 1965 _________ _______ 1966 ___________________ 1967 .... ................... ........... 1968 ___________________ 1969 ___________________ 1970 ___________________ 1971 ______ _____________ 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.4 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.3 5.0 4.6 5.8 6.1 6.0 6.0 6.3 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.8 6.7 6.8 7.2 6.8 6.3 6.1 5.0 5.7 5.7 6.6 6.3 6.8 6.4 6.1 6.3 6.1 6.1 4.9 4.9 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.4 3.7 3.8 3.8 4.1 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.6 5.5 5.3 5.75.6 6.1 5.8 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.8 6.1 6.0 5.7 6.0 6.1 5.7 2.5 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.8 3.1 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.3 3.7 3.1 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.4 3.0 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.2 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.0 3.6 3. 4 4.0 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.8 4.2 5.0 5.2 5.1 5.8 5.6 4.2 4.5 4.7 5.0 5.0 5! 2 5*0 5*0 5! 3 6! 4 e! 1 6.2 6.9 6* 5 6.3 4.9 4.2 4.6 4.9 4.7 4.6 5.5 6.1 6.8 5.3 4.4 4.4 6.4 5.2 6.0 5.8 6.2 5.9 6.6 8.2 10.6 7.8 6.3 7.0 5.6 6.0 5.6 3.7 3.6 2.8 3.7 6.0 5.5 5.1 5.3 4.4 5.4 5.0 5.2 o. 6 5.2 5 .i 6.0 6.6 6.8 5.7 4.8 4.2 5.8 4.8 5.6 6.6. 6.0 5.6 8.4 6.9 7.0 5.9 5.1 5.2 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.8 3.5 3.3 3.7 4.8 5.1 3.8 2.9 3.2 3.6 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.3 4.4 4.3 3.5 2.6 3.0 2.5 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.6 2.4 2.0 1.9 2.2 1.8 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.4 3.5 3.8 2.5 2.3 2.4 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.8 5.1 5.1 5.9 6.1 7.4 6.4 5.2 4.2 6.3 5.7 6.2 6.1 5.9 5. 7 8.3 8.3 8. 3 6.4 5.3 5.7 4.5 3.7 4.0 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.9 5.7 6.2 4.8 4.1 4.3 5.7 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.4 5.1 5.9 7.8 10.2 7.3 6.0 6.9 6.1 5.3 4.7 5.1 2.3 2.4 3.9 10.5 4.9 3.5 5.4 4.8 5.0 4.3 4.9 5.4 5.2 5.1 5.4 6.7 6.6 5.6 4.7 4.2 5.5 4.1 5.2 5.9 5.2 5.8 7.8 6.3 6.1 5.3 5.1 5.6 3.3 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.6 3.1 4.0 4.2 3.2 2.7 2.8 3.4 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.1 3.0 3.9 3.9 3.1 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.9 2.9 2.1 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 3.0 3.1 1.9 2.0 2.2 4.3 3.9 3.7 4.4 3.9 3.8 4.4 5.6 5.2 4.3 3.7 3.3 6.1 5.5 6. 0 6.1 5.9 5.1 7.3 8.0 7.8 6.1 5.6 6.0 1970 January------------- -----February............... — March_______________ April___________ _— May_________________ June________________ July_________________ August______________ September---------------October--------- -------November___________ December....... ............ 1971 January........................ February____________ March........................... April____ ____ _______ May____________ ____ June___ _____ _______ July__________ ______ August______________ September__________ October_____________ N ovember___________ December___________ See fo o tn o te s a t end o f table. Digitized122 for FRASER T A B L E 55. Labor Turnover Rates of Employees on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajor Industry Group, 1 9 5 8 -7 1 — Continued [Per 100 employees] Nondurable goods Year and month Total Apparel Tobacco Textile and Food Paper mill manufac other and and tures products textile kindred allied products products products Rubber Printing Chemi Petro and Leather and cals and leum plastics and publish allied and coal prod leather ing products products ucts, nec. products Separations: Quits 1958. 1959. 1960. 1961. 1962. 1963. 1964. 1965. 1966. 1967. 1968. 1969. 1970. 1971. 1970 January----February... March_____ April....... . May______ June______ July______ August....... September.. October___ November.. December.. 1.2 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.8 2.7 2.8 3.1 2.6 2.2 1.4 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.4 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.8 3.2 2.8 1.0 1.1 1.0 .9 .9 .9 1.3 1.5 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.0 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.5 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.9 3.5 3.4 1.7 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.6 3.3 2.9 2.9 3.1 2.9 2.8 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.7 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.0 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.7 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.0 1.6 0.6 .8 .8 .7 .8 .8 .8 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.2 .9 2.5 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.6 3.7 4.0 2.6 1.8 1.5 3.0 2.5 2.7 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.1 4.9 5.9 3.4 2.3 1.9 1.6 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.0 1.6 1.5 2.9 3.0 2.2 1.3 1.4 3.4 3.1 3.3 3.7 3.6 3.3 3.6 4.5 4.8 3.5 2.5 2.1 2.8 2.4 2.5 2.8 3.1 2.8 3.2 3.9 3.9 2.9 2.2 1.7 2.1 1.8 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.9 3.3 1.9 1.2 1.0 2.2 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.8 2.8 2.9 1.9 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.8 2.1 1.0 .6 .6 1.9 1.6 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 3.4 3.6 2.4 1.9 1.6 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.6 4.5 5.3 3.2 2.2 1.9 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 4.2 2.8 2.0 1.1 1.1 2.7 2.5 3.0 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.4 4.7 4.7 3.8 3.0 2.5 2.4 2.1 2.4 2.7 2.6 2.7 3.1 4.0 3.9 3.0 2.4 2.0 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.4 2.7 1.6 1.1 .9 1.6 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 2.3 2.4 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.0 1971 January___ February... March_____ April--------May______ June........ July______ August-----September.. October___ November.. December.. 1.2 0.4 .5 .5 .5 .7 .7 .6 .7 .9 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.1 .8 1.1 .8 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.5 2.1 3.1 2.9 3.1 3.6 2.6 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.4 3*0 4.1 3.6 3.9 4.0 3.5 3.1 1.0 1.0 1.9 2.2 .9 .7 .6 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.6 3.6 4.0 2.6 1.6 1.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.7 4.8 6.0 3.4 2.4 2.2 .9 .7 .8 .9 .9 .9 .9 1.5 1.6 .9 .6 .6 .7 .5 .6 .6 .7 .8 .7 1.7 1.7 .7 .5 .4 1.6 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0 3.1 3.2 2.1 1.7 1.3 2.7 2.5 2.6 3.0 3.2 2.9 3.5 4.3 4.3 3.1 2.8 2.5 1.0 1.0 .9 .7 .7 .7 .5 .8 .8 1.3 .8 .9 .9 .8 .8 .8 .7 .6 .6 .4 .5 .7 .7 0.6 .5 .6 .6 .6 .7 .7 .6 .6 .6 .5 .4 .7 .6 2.3 1.5 2.2 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.2 .9 1.1 .9 2.4 1.8 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.6 .5 .6 .5 .6 .6 .6 .7 .6 .7 .8 .8 .8 1.0 .8 .6 .6 .7 .8 .6 .7 .6 .6 .6 .7 1 .0 1 .0 Separations: Layoffs 2.5 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.6 1958. 1959. 1960. 1961. 1962. 1963. 1964. 1965. 1966. 1967. 1968. 1969. 1970. 1971.. 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 3.9 3.6 3.6 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.3 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 4.7 3.6 4.2 4.4 5.3 5.0 4.9 4.4 3.5 3.4 3.2 2.9 2.0 2.6 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.2 2.0 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.3 2.5 1.9 2.5 2.3 2.2 1.9 2.5 2.3 3.6 3.5 3.2 4.4 3.2 3.3 2.9 .7 .8 .4 1.4 2.2 1.5 1.9 3.0 2.3 1.8 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.8 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.6 2.1 2.8 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.3 1.8 2.6 2.5 3.9 3.3 3.1 4.3 4.3 3.5 2.9 3.2 .5 .5 2.1 5.2 1.1 .6 3.5 3.2 1.4 1.8 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 .8 .7 .8 .6 .7 1.0 .9 3.5 2.7 3.2 3.1 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.0 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.1 1.3 .9 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 .9 .8 .5 .6 .5 .5 .9 .9 1.0 2.1 1.7 2.3 3.0 2.2 2.0 4.3 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.9 .6 .7 .6 .9 .8 .6 .9 .9 1.0 1.1 1.5 .7 .6 .6 .8 .7 .7 .8 .9 .7 1.0 .7 1.2 2.3 1.2 2.0 2.4 1.9 2.2 3.7 1.3 1.3 1.5 2.0 3.0 1.2 1.1 .9 .8 .6 .5 .9 .7 .8 .8 1.0 1.2 1.1 .8 .8 .7 .7 .9 .8 .9 .8 .8 .8 1.0 .9 .9 1.0 1.0 1.8 1.2 1.3 1.8 2.0 2.1 .4 .3 .5 .7 .7 .5 .5 .6 .7 .8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.2 1.3 2.3 1.2 2.1 2.6 2.7 2.1 1.8 1.4 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.1 3.2 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.4 .5 .5 .2 .4 .5 .5 .6 .5 .5 .6 .9 1.0 1.8 1.5 .9 1.2 1.0 .7 1.4 1.4 .9 1.1 1.1 1.3 2.4 1.8 2.2 2.1 1.6 1.2 2.6 2.5 2.5 1.9 1.9 2.6 1. 0 1970 January---February... March_____ April_____ May______ June______ July______ August____ September.. October___ November.. December.. 1 ! 1 .0 .8 .8 .7 .8 1.3 1.0 1 .0 1.1 1.4 1.3 1 .0 1971 January___ February... March_____ April--------May______ June______ July______ August____ September.. October___ November.. December.. 1 1 Beginning with January 1959, transfers between establishments of the same firm are included in total accessions and total separations. 1.2 .9 1.0 .9 .8 .8 1 .0 .7 .7 .7 .8 .8 N ote: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959. Annual rates are averages of 12 monthly observations. 123 T A B L E 56. Year 1941.. 1942.. 1943.. 1944.. 1945.. 1946.. 1947.. 1948.. 1949.. 1950.. 1951.. 1952 2. 1953.. 1954.. 1955.. Registered Apprentices in Training/ New Registrations/ Completions/ and Cancellations/1 9 4 1 -7 0 In train ing at beginning of year 18,300 26,137 40,144 43,115 40,571 56,965 131,217 192,954 230,380 230,823 202,729 172,477 158,532 160,258 158,675 N ew regis trations and re instate ments 14,177 20,701 11,661 7,775 23,040 84,730 94,238 85,918 66,745 60,186 63,881 62,842 73,620 58,939 67,265 Com pletions 1,289 2,011 1,715 2,122 1,568 2,042 7,311 13,375 25,045 38,533 38,754 33,098 28,561 27,383 24,795 Cancel lations 1 5,051 4,683 6,975 8,197 5,078 8,436 25,190 35,117 41,257 49,747 56,845 43,689 43,333 33,139 26,423 In train ing at end of year 26,137 40,144 43,115 40,571 56,965 131,217 192,954 230,380 230,823 202,729 171,011 158,532 160,258 158,675 174,722 1 Includes voluntary quits, layoffs, discharges, out-of-State transfers, upgrading within certain trades, and suspensions for military services. 2 Major revisions in reporting system effected this year. TA BLE 57. New In train regis ing at trations beginning and re of year instate ments Year 1956.................................... 174,722 1957 2.................................. 189,684 1958.................................... 185,691 1959.................................... 177,695 1960 2.................................. 172,161 1961.................................... 161,128 1962.................................. 155,649 1963.................................... 158,887 1964.................................... 163,318 1965.................................... 170,533 1966.................................... 183,955 1967................................... 207,511 1968 2. . ____ ____________ 207,517 1969___________________ 237,996 1970___________________ 3269,626 C om pletions 74,062 59,638 49,569 66,230 54,100 49,482 55,590 57,204 59,960 68,507 85,031 97,896 Cancel lations 1 27,231 30,356 30,647 37,375 31,727 28,547 25,918 26,029 25,744 24*917 26,511 37,299 37,287 39,646 45,102 111,012 123,163 108,779 33,416 33,275 26,918 40,545 33,406 26,414 26,434 26,744 27,001 30,168 34,964 47,957 43,246 47,561 53,610 In train ing at end of year 188,137 185,691 177,695 166,005 161,128 155,649 158,887 163,318 170,533 183,955 207,511 220,151 237,996 273,952 279,693 3 Differs from the number in training at the end of the previous year because of revisions in 1969 figures reported b y most States. Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Manpower Administration. Enrollment Opportunities and Federal Obligations for Work and Training Programs Administered by the Department of Labor Through 1971 [Fiscal year] Enrollment opportunities 1 (in thousands) Program Total cum ula tiv e -in ception of program through 1971 1967 1968 1969 1970 Federal obligation (in millions of dollars) 1971 T otal cumula tiv e -in ception of program through 1971 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 6,207.8 808.4 823.8 910.7 1,011.3 1,149. 6 $6,773 $796 $802 $1,030 $1,419 $1,485 Manpower Developm ent and Training A ct, t o t a l1 2 .................................................................. Institutional training____________________ J O P -O J T 3*______________________________ Part-time and other training_____________ 1,822.1 1,128.8 625.7 40.6 270.9 126.0 144.5 .4 229.9 123.6 98.8 7.5 198.5 110.9 77.8 9.8 2 11.2 137.3 64.0 9.9 213.7 131.5 69.2 13.0 2,364 1,904 429 31 298 215 83 0) 296 218 75 4 273 208 59 6 337 277 50 10 336 264 60 12 Neighborhood Y ou th Corps, t o ta l5__________ In school _ _____________________________ Out of school_____________________________ Summer_____________ ____________________ Work training in industry________________ 3,695. 2 841.5 437.8 2,412.9 3.0 512.8 139.0 79.3 294.3 .2 537.7 135.0 62.7 339.1 .9 539.7 100.6 50.0 387.2 1.9 600.0 97.1 45.4 457.5 698.9 78.8 40.1 580.0 2,126 (8) (8) (8) (8) 349 67 148 133 282 59 96 127 321 49 122 148 1 357 59 98 199 426 58 115 253 Operation M ainstream 7____ __________________ Public Service Careers7________________ ______ Special Im pact _____________________________ Concentrated Em ploym ent Program 8_______ JOBS (federally financed) 10__________________ Work Incentive Program 11___________ ______ Job C orps____________________________________ 73.5 90.2 6.5 (9) 241.0 235.3 44.1 8 .0 4.4 4.0 (fl) 8.4 10.9 2.7 1 .2 (9) 31.5 9.9 13.5 5.9 1.3 (9) 52.8 99.0 17.8 34.8 23.3 42.4 41 18 1 114 161 101 72 92 8 8 .2 60.7 22.4 22 8 2 93 90 9 51 89 60.1 65.7 21.7 210 223 10 665 593 253 330 188 149 79 170 lfl-T 169 .64 160 T o ta l__________________________________ 1 Enrollment opportunities are the number of positions authorized each fiscal year. T he number shown b y fiscal year includes only those newly au thorized in that year, although actual enrollment opportunities from previous years, if not filled, m ay still be available. 2 Program became operational in 1963. 3 Beginiing in fiscal 1971, includes the JOBS-Optional Program (JOP) and the M D T A . On-the-job (OJT) program which ended in fiscal 1970 except for national contracts. Also includes Apprenticeship Outreach. * Less than $500,000. 5 Program became operational in 1965. Digitized124 for FRASER ( 4) ( 4) 24 16 7 78 24 ®Data not available for Neighborhood Y outh Corps Components prior t ° fiscal year 1967. 7 Program became operational in 1967, includes the N ew Careers Program, s Program became operational in 1968. « Data not meaningful because an individual m ay be enrolled in one or m ore program components. See Technical Notes for a more detailed explanation. 10Job Opportunities in the Business Sector. Program became operational in 1969. 11 Program became operational in 1969. Source: U.S. Departm ent of Labor, Manpower Administration. TA BLE 58. Trainees Enrolled in Work and Training Programs Administered by the Department of Lab or, by Selected Characteristics, Fiscal Years 1963-71 Manpower Develop ment and Training A ct Neighborhood Youth Corps 1 Item Institu tional In School On the Job Out of School Summer Opera tion Main stream Concen Public trated JOBS Work Service E m p loy (feder Incen Careers 2 ment ally tive Program financed) Program Job Corps 1963 Total enrolled (in thousands).. 32 2 Percent Male____ ___________________________ Negro and other races........................... 64 2'4 81 17 26 64 31 59 10 10 11 16 29 55 Age, in years: Under 22...... ................................ . 22-44_____________________ _____ 45 and over_____________________ Education, grade: Less than 9th.................................. 9 th -llth ............... ............ ................ 12th and over_____ ____ _________ 30 59 1964 Total enrolled (in thousands).. Percent Male____________ __________________ Negro and other races_____ ________ Age, in years: Under 22..................................... 22-44....................................... .......... 45 and over____________ _________ Education, grade: Less than 9th_____________ ______ 9 th -llth ______ _________________ 12th and over____ _______________ 69 9 60 30 71 24 35 54 28 64 11 8 14 33 53 14 29 57 1965 Total enrolled (in thousands) .. 145 12 55 36 Percent Male________________________________ Negro and other races....................... .. 61 32 72 23 63 33 60 49 (J) (3) 43 47 39 51 100 100 10 10 (*) (a) (3) 18 34 48 14 31 55 5 81 14 18 44 38 (3) (3) (3) Age in years: Under 22_____ __________________ 22-44............................................... 45 and over_____________ ________ Education, grade: Less than 9th.............. ................... 9 th -llth _______________ _______ 12th and o v e r ............ ................... 48 1966 Total enrolled (in thousands).. 178 58 161 167 Percent Male_____ _____________ _____________ Negro and other races_______________ 58 38 72 24 52 36 57 52 (3) (*) 38 51 40 51 9 100 100 11 (3) (3) 16 36 48 14 29 57 9 89 25 56 19 (3) (3) (3) Age, in years: Under 22...................... .................... 22-44 . . 45 and over Education, grade: Less than 9th___________________ 9 th -llth ________________________ 12th and over. . . . . . .......... 95 00 2 See footnotes at end of table. 125 T A B L E 58. Trainees Enrolled in Work and Training Programs Administered by the Department of Labor, by Selected Characteristics Fiscal Years 1 9 6 3 -7 1 — Continued ' Manpower Develop ment and Training Act Neighborhood Y ou th Corps 1 Item Institu tional On the Job In School Out of School Summer Opera tion Main stream Concen Public trated JOBS Work Service E m ploy (feder Incen Careers2 ment ally tive Program financed) Program Job Corps 1967 Total enrolled (in thousands).. 150 115 167 162 Percent Male________________________________ Negro and other races______________ 57 41 67 27 52 42 52 53 (3) (3) (4) (4) (4) (4) 40 49 11 35 55 10 100 100 (3) (3) (3) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 18 39 43 14 31 55 9 89 2 27 64 9 (3) (3) (3) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) Age in years: Under 22_______________________ 22-44____________________________ 45 and over_____________________ Education, grade: T ess than 9th___________________ 9 th -llth ________________________ *9th and over___________________ 11 228 1 1968 Total enrolled (in thousands) 140 101 118 94 255 13 4 53 Percent M ale...................................................... Negro and other ra ces...................... 55 49 68 36 52 43 49 50 55 55 84 40 37 75 48 85 39 50 36 54 100 98 100 10 4 52 44 1 11 85 14 36 55 9 19 41 40 16 34 50 57 26 17 15 47 38 23 55 Age, in years: Under 22................................... 22-44............................. ............... 45 and over................................. . Education, grade: Less than 9th. ............................. 9 th -llth ....................................... 12th and over............. ................. 15 84 1 2 27 66 15 84 7 1 22 1969 Total enrolled (in thousands) 135 85 84 75 345 11 4 127 51 81 Percent M a le .................................................... Negro and other races....................... 56 44 65 39 52 46 46 52 54 56 82 32 30 67 58 72 71 87 40 44 38 52 36 54 100 97 3 100 37 52 10 11 48 48 4 16 74 10 19 39 42 16 35 49 14 53 32 31 41 28 Age, in years: Under 22...................................... 22-44.............................................. 45 and o v e r ................................. Education, grade: Less than 9th............................... 9 th -llth _.............................. ........ 12th and over___________ _______ 18 81 1 26 70 4 20 79 1 2 8 40 58 79 13 60 24 16 10 40 50 26 44 30 10 1970 Total enrolled (in thousands) 130 91 74 46 362 12 4 110 87 93 43 Percent M a le .................... ............... ............... Negro and other ra ces....................... 59 41 66 50 46 48 50 54 56 71 38 23 68 58 74 68 33 78 29 48 74 74 100 98 100 4 46 51 21 72 7 41 51 g 47 49 4 23 71 100 13 42 45 20 45 35 15 50 35 24 44 32 37 56 7 Age in years: Under 22........ ............................... 2 2 -4 4 .................... ........... ........... 45 and o v e r .............. .................... Education, grade: Less than 9th___________ _______ 9 th -llth .................... .................... 12th and over......... ..................... . See footnotes at end of table. 126 37 54 9 35 54 15 38 47 17 37 46 2 11 17 82 1 32 21 66 2 78 52 28 1 20 6 T A B L E 58. Trainees Enrolled in W ork and Training Programs Administered by the Department of Lab or, by Selected Characteristics, Fiscal Years 1963-71 —Continued Manpower Develop ment and Training A ct Neighborhood Y outh Corps 1 Item Institu tional JO P O JT1 In School Out of School Opera tion Mainstream Summer JOBS Concen (feder trated Public Service E m ployally ment financed) Careers 11 Program Work Incen tive Program Job Corps 1971 94 93 112 50 (7) (7) 60 69 66 64 38 44 74 73 5 55 40 (7) (7) 46 48 100 6 45 50 5 27 (0 45 30 25 (7) (7) (7) 16 44 40 18 44 38 T otal enrolled (in thousands).. 156 72 687 53 (•) 22 Percent Male.......................................................... Negro and other races........................... 58 44 74 31 55 62 51 47 (•) (•) 73 36 40 52 35 55 100 94 8 10 (•) (•) <•> 12 15 33 52 (•) <•) («) Age in years: Under 22........................................... 22-44.................................................. 45 and over............................... ....... Education, grade: Less than 9th................................... 9 th -llth ............................................ 12th and over................................... 36 51 6 20 76 4 1 Characteristics of enrollees in components of the Neighborhood Y outh C orp programs are based on data covering the following time periods: In school com ponent—September through May; Out of School—September through August of the following year; Summer—June through August. * Includes the N ew Careers Program. * Characteristics data not available separately prior to fiscal year 1968; these data are included in the In School program for prior years. * Characteristics data not available prior to flcal year 1968. 29 69 2 47 68 5 20 43 37 33 59 8 5 Beginning in fiscal 1971, includes the JO B S-O ptional Program (JO P ) and the M D T A on-the-job (O JT) program which ended in fiscal 1970 except for national contracts. Also includes Appreniceship Outreach. •Enrollees in the Summer program are included in the In School program. 7Data not available. Source: U.S. Department of Labor, M anpow er Administration. 127 T A B L E 59. Enrollment Opportunities and Post-Training Employment, 1963-71 [Covers enrollment opportunities under the Manpower Developm ent and Training Act] I n th ou sa n d s F iscal year Item T otal 1964 1963 i E n r o llm e n t o p p o r t u n it ie s 3--------------------------------------E n rollm en ts (fir s t-t im e )3----------------------------------------C o m p le t io n s 4- . . ------- ------------------------------------------------O b ta in e d e m p lo y m e n t (p o s t -t r a in in g )«----------- - - - - 1,822.1 1,706.2 1,123.1 878.5 125.8 77.6 51.3 39.4 59.2 34.1 20.1 16.1 231.8 156.9 96.3 73.4 1966 281.1 235.8 155.7 124.0 1967 270.9 265.0 192.6 153.7 1968 229.9 241.0 164.2 127.5 1969 1970 198.5 220.0 160.0 124.0 201.4 221.0 147.0 115.3 1971 213.7 264.8 135.9 105.1 individual in a given enrollment opportunity. Persons served by more than one program are counted only once. 4 Completions do not include dropouts. 5 Post-training employment includes persons em ployed at tim e of most recent followup. 1 Program became operational August 1962. 2 Enrollment opportunities are the number of positions authorized each fiscal year. The number shown b y fiscal year includes only those newly authorized in that year, although actual enrollment opportunities from previous years, if not filled, m ay still be available. s Generally larger than the num ber of training or works opportunties pro gramed because turnover or short-term traning results in more than one T A B L E 60. 1965 Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Manpower Adm inistration. M a)or Unemployment Indicators, 1948-71 [Unemployment rates of persons 16 years and over] Year and month 1948............................ 1949 1950 1951............................ 1952 1953............................ 1954 1956............................ 1956............................ 1957. . . . 1958............................ 1959........................ 1960. ........... 1961. ........... .......... 1962. ________ 1963............................ 1964............................ 1965...................... . 1966............................ 1967................. ......... 1968............... ............ 1969_______________ 1 9 7 0 ....................... 1971..........«............... . All civilian workers Men, 20 years and over Women, 20 years and over Both sexes, 16 to 19 years 3.8 5.9 5.3 3.3 3.0 2.9 5.5 4.4 4.1 4.3 3.2 5.4 4.7 2.5 2.4 2.5 4.9 3.8 3.4 3.6 3.6 5.3 5.1 4.0 3.2 2.9 5.5 4.4 4.2 4.1 9.2 13.4 6.8 6.2 6.1 5.5 6.5 6.7 5.5 5.7 5.2 4.5 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.5 4.9 5.9 4.7 4.7 5.7 4.6 4.5 3.9 3.2 5.2 3.5 4.4 6.3 5.4 5.4 5.2 4.5 3.8 4.2 3.8 3.7 4.8 5.7 4.2 4.7 4.6 4.3 4.1 5.6 6.3 5.0 5.2 5.1 5.5 5.6 3.1 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.5 6.6 6.6 5.4 5.5 5.0 4.4 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.7 4.0 4.3 2.6 2.3 2.2 2.1 6.1 12.2 8.2 8.5 7.6 12.6 11.0 11.1 11.6 15.9 14.6 14.7 16.8 14.7 17.2 16.2 14.8 White 3.5 5.6 4.9 3.1 2.8 2.7 5.0 3.9 3.6 3.8 12.6 10.7 6.0 12.4 10.9 3.9 4.4 4.5 4.1 4.3 4.7 5.0 5.3 5.6 5.2 5.4 4.8 13.6 13.6 13.3 13.5 11.7 20.7 15.5 13.0 16.4 16.3 17.8 16.3 3.9 4.3 4.2 3.9 3.8 4.9 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.7 5.1 5.2 5.9 17.8 17.0 17.3 15.2 14.3 6.1 6.1 12.2 5.9 8.9 9.0 5.3 5.4 4.5 9.9 8.7 8.3 7.9 6.1 15.2 16.9 12.8 House hold heads 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 4.6 4.1 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.1 4.5 5.4 12.9 12.7 Negro and other races 9.6 8.1 7.3 7.4 6.7 6.4 8.2 9.9 Full time workers U n Partemployed State time 15 weeks insured 1 2 workers and over 1 .5 2.8 2.6 2.8 10.2 10.8 Married men 3.7 3.3 2.8 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.8 2.9 3.7 5.1 3.6 3.7 4.6 3.6 3.4 2.8 2.4 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.5 2.6 3.2 6.0 4.8 3.0 3.0 1.5 1.4 2.2 1.6 5.5 4.9 4.2 3.5 3.4 3.1 3.1 4.5 5.5 7.3 7.2 6.7 1.5 1.3 6.2 .7 6.9 6.5 6.2 3.1 1.1 1.3 .5 .4 .3 1.3 1.1 .8 .8 2.1 1.0 .6 .5 .5 .8 7.6 8.7 1.4 7.0 7.3 6.9 .6 .6 .8 Labor force time lo s t 3 2.8 5.1 3.5 3.4 3.7 6.3 4.4 4.8 5.7 4.4 4.3 3.7 3.0 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.2 3.4 4.0 4.8 5.1 5.3 8.1 6.6 6.7 8.0 6. 7 6.4 5.8 5.0 4.2 4.2 4.0 3.9 5.3 6.4 1970 January_________ February__________ March_____________ A p ril.____ ________ M ay......... .................. June______ ______ _ J u ly ...____ _______ August______ ______ September............ .. October..................... N ovem b er............... December_________ 6.8 2.6 7.5 7.2 7.6 3.0 2.9 2.7 6.6 2.6 2.6 2.2 2.2 2.5 8.6 2.9 3.0 8.3 2.8 2.3 2.5 2.9 3.4 10.5 9.3 8.2 8.6 8.6 2.9 3.3 3.6 10.1 4.5 4.5 4.2 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.3 3.1 3.4 3.6 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.4 2.6 3.7 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.1 5.4 5.0 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.8 5.1 6.0 4.4 6.9 7.6 8.2 10.2 9.0 9.4 8.5 .9 .8 .8 .7 .7 .8 .8 .9 1.1 3.6 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.7 4.1 4.6 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.6 6.1 6.0 5.6 5.6 5.3 5.8 5.9 1971 January........ ........... February__________ March........................ A pril______________ M ay........................... June............ .............. July........................... August...................... September................ October........ ............ N ovem ber................ December_________ 6.3 5.7 5.3 6.5 6.2 5.9 5.8 5.4 5.7 5.5 6.0 5.8 5.6 5.3 5.7 5.8 6.4 6.3 5.6 5.5 4.9 21.8 17.7 14.0 17.0 16.4 17.2 16.1 5.9 5.2 4.9 5.8 5.5 5.4 5.2 4.9 5.3 5.1 1 Unemployment rate calculated as a percent of civilian labor force. 2 Insured unemployment under state programs—unemployment rate calculated as a percent of average covered employment. As is the case with other data presented in this table, data relate to the week containing the 12th of the month. Digitized128 for FRASER 10.3 9.5 9.3 8.8 11.5 11.3 9.9 9.9 9.5 8.9 9.4 4.2 4.2 3.9 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.6 2.5 3.0 3.3 6.0 6.1 5.8 5.3 5.1 6.3 5.8 5.4 5.0 4.7 5.0 5.1 9.4 9.3 8.7 7.8 6.1 7.6 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.6 9.7 1.4 1.3 1.3 10.0 1.2 9.1 9.5 1.3 8.1 1.3 8.8 1.2 5.2 5.2 5.0 4.4 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.2 3.2 3.4 4.0 6.9 7.0 6.6 6.0 5.7 7.0 7.7 6.0 5.6 5.9 5.6 5.9 3 Man-hours lost b y the unemployed and persons on part time for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force man-hours, T A B L E 61. Unemployed Persons 16 Years and O v e r and Unemployment Rates, by Sex and Color, 1947-71 Num ber unemployed (thousands) White Year and month Total Male Female Unemployment rate Negro and other races Total Male Total Male Female Total Male Fe male 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 3.9 3.8 5.9 5.3 3.3 3.0 2.9 4.0 3.6 5.9 5.1 cn 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 2.8 2.8 2.8 5.7 4.4 3.6 3.3 5.5 4.4 4.1 4.3 5.3 4.2 3.8 4.1 4.9 4.8 4.7 6.8 6.8 6.8 5.5 5.5 5.3 5.4 5.9 5.9 1947 ........................ i948................ : ........ 1949...................... . 1950............................. 1951............................. 1952............................. 1953a........................- 2,311 2.276 3,637 3,288 2,055 1.883 1,834 1,692 1,559 2,572 2,239 1,202 619 717 1,065 1,049 834 698 632 1954............................ 1955__________ ____ _ 1956............................. 1957..........................1958...............- .......... 1959__________ _____ 1960 2______________ 3,532 2,852 2,750 2,859 4,602 3,740 3,852 2,344 1,854 1,711 1,841 3,098 2,420 2,486 1,188 998 1,039 1,018 1,504 1,320 1,366 2,860 2,248 2,162 2,289 3, 679 2,947 3,063 1,913 1,475 1,368 1,478 2,488 1,904 1,987 947 773 794 811 1,191 1,044 1,076 674 601 592 569 925 794 787 431 376 345 363 611 518 497 243 225 247 206 314 276 290 'l9 6 1 ______ __________ 1962 2____ __________ 1963_____ _____ ____ 1964............................. 1965____ ___________ 1966............................. 1967»........................... 1968............................. 1969............................. 1970________________ 1971......... ............. . 4,714 3,911 4,070 3,786 3,366 2,875 2,975 2,817 2,831 4,088 4,993 2,997 2,423 2,472 2,205 1,914 1,551 1,508 1,419 1,403 2,235 2,776 1,717 1,488 1,598 1,581 1,452 1,324 1,468 1,397 1,428 1,853 2,217 3,742 3,052 3,208 2,999 2,691 2,253 2,338 2,226 2,261 3,337 4,074 2,398 1,915 1,976 1, 779 1,556 1,240 1,208 1,142 1,137 1,856 2,302 1,344 1,137 1,232 1,135 1,013 1,130 1,084 1,124 1,480 1,772 970 859 864 786 676 621 638 590 570 752 919 599 508 496 426 359 311 299 277 266 379 474 371 351 368 360 317 310 338 313 304 373 445 6.7 5.5 5.7 5.2 4.5 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.5 4.9 5.9 6.4 5.2 5.2 4.6 4.0 3.2 3.1 2.9 3,406 3,794 3,732 3,552 3,383 4,668 4,509 4,220 4,292 4,259 4,607 4,637 1,935 2,178 2,081 1,981 1,843 2,531 2,474 2,207 2,142 2,238 2,434 2,776 1,471 1,616 1,651 1,571 1,540 2,137 2,035 2,013 2,150 2,173 1,861 2,803 3,126 3,082 2,862 2,783 3,660 3,616 3,407 3,529 3,506 3,818 3,849 1,621 1,823 1,753 1,639 1,545 2,027 2,030 1,815 1,758 1,855 2,064 2,344 1,182 1,303 1,329 1,223 1,238 1,633 1,586 1,592 1,771 1,651 1,754 1,505 604 667 651 690 601 1,008 896 813 763 753 788 788 314 355 329 341 299 504 446 392 384 383 369 432 290 312 322 349. 302 504 450 421 379 370 419 356 4.2 4.7 4.6 4.3 4.1 5.6 5.3 5.0 5.2 5.1 5.5 5.6 3.9 4.3 4.1 3.9 3.6 4.8 4.7 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.8 5.4 5,414 5,442. 5,175 4,694 4,394 5,490 5,330 5,061 4,840 4, 570 4,815 4,695 3,252 3,236 3,008 2,642 2,453 2,972 2,908 2,667 2,424 2,391 2,580 2,784 2,162 2,206 2,167 2,052 1,941 2,518 2,422 2,394 2,416 2,179 2,235 1,911 4,501 4,511 4,311 3,844 3,589 4,403 4,224 4,104 3,912 3,674 3,982 3,832 2,711 2,723 2,556 2,225 2,067 2,410 2,364 2,187 1,976 1,928 2,146 2,330 1,789 1,787 1,755 1,619 1,522 1,992 1,861 1,917 1,936 1,746 1,837 1,502 914 931 864 849 806 1, 087 1,106 956 927 895 832 863 541 513 452 417 387 562 544 480 447 463 434 454 373 418 412 433 419 525 561 477 480 433 399 409 6.6 6.6 6.4 6.4 5.9 5.1 4.8 5.6 5.4 5.0 4.7 4.6 5.0 5.4 1,221 1,185 1,220 (*) 0) 0) 0) C1) 2.8 4.4 5.3 White Fe male 3.7 4.1 6.0 6.0 7.2 6.2 6.5 6.2 5.5 4.8 5.2 4.8 4.7 5.9 6.9 Negro and other races Total Male Fe male Total Male 3.5 5.6 4.9 3.1 3.4 5.6 4.7 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.5 3.8 5.7 5.3 4.2 3.3 3.1 5.9 8.9 9.0 5.3 5.4 4.5 5.8 9.6 9.4 4.9 5.2 4.8 5.0 3.9 3.6 3.8 4.8 3.7 3.4 3.6 5.6 4.3 4.2 4.3 9.9 8.7 8.3 7.9 10.3 6.1 2.6 8.8 7.9 S. 3 13.8 11.5 10.7 6.1 4.8 4.9 6.2 12.6 4.6 4.8 5.3 5.3 10.2 6.0 5.7 4.6 4.7 4.1 3.6 6.5 5.5 5.8 5.5 5.0 4.3 4.6 4.3 4.2 5.4 6.3 12.4 10.9 9.9 5.6 5.3 7.3 9.1 4.4 4.8 4.9 4.5 4.6 6.8 6.2 7.5 7.2 7.6 7.0 6.5 6.7 5.8 9.4 4.9 5.0 4.6 4.1 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.1 4.5 5.4 2.5 4.0 4.9 3.9 4.3 4.2 3.9 3.8 4.9 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.7 5.1 5.2 3.6 4.0 3.9 3.6 3.4 4.3 4.3 3.8 3.8 4.0 4.5 5.1 6.1 6.1 5.9 5.9 5.6 4.8 4.5 5.0 4.9 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.6 5.0 2.8 2.7 2.6 10.7 10.8 9.6 8.1 7.3 7.4 6.7 6.4 8.2 12.8 10.9 10.5 8.9 7.4 6.3 6.0 Fe male 6.1 7.9 8.4 6.1 5.7 4.1 9.3 8.4 8.9 7.3 10.8 9.4 9.4 11.8 11.0 11.2 10.6 9.2 8.6 9.1 8.3 7.8 9.3 10.8 1970 January_____ ______ February__________ March.............. .......... A p ril---------------------M a y . .-------------------June_______________ J u ly............................ August................... . September_________ October____________ N ovem ber_________ December_________ 2,021 4.8 5.2 5.3 5.0 5.0 6.8 6.4 6.4 6.8 6.3 6.7 5.8 6.0 5.7 5.8 6.4 5.9 6.2 5.4 6.6 10.5 9.3 8.6 8.3 8.2 8.6 8.6 7.4 8.0 8.2 8.7 7.6 8.2 12.0 10.8 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.2 8.4 10.3 9.5 9.2 10.3 8.9 10.6 10.1 8.8 8.1 9.5 10.5 10.3 10 71 Ufil January...................... February................... March......................... A pril______________ M ay---------- ------------June_______________ Ju ly.......... .............. . A ugust------- -----------September-------------October____________ N ovem ber-------------Decem ber_________ 1Absolute numbers b y color are not available prior to 1954 because popula tion controls b y color were not introduced into the Current Population Survey until that year. a See footnote 1, table 1. 6.3 5.7 5.3 6.5 6.2 5.9 5.8 5.4 5.7 5.5 6.8 6.9 6,8 6.5 6.2 7.9 7.6 7.5 7.5 6.7 6.8 5.8 5.9 5.2 4.9 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.2 4.9 5.3 5.1 6.4 6.4 6.3 5.9 5.5 7.2 6.7 6.9 6.9 6.1 6.4 5.2 10.1 10.2 9.5 9.3 8.8 11.5 11.3 9.9 9.9 9.5 8.9 9.4 7.5 10.5 9.9 8.8 8.6 8.8 8.3 8.9 10.8 10.4 12.7 13.0 11.3 11.6 10.3 9.6 10.0 s Beginning with 1967, data m ay not be strictly comparable to prior years because of basic changes in the concepts and definitions introduced in January 1967. 129 T A B L E 62. Unemployed Persons and Unemployment Rates, by Sex and A g e , 1947-71 16 to 19 years Sex and year Total, 16 years and over T otal 20 years and over 16 and 17 18 and 19 Total 20 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 250 233 414 348 192 192 208 431 328 278 304 552 407 415 507 405 386 323 284 219 185 171 155 253 319 203 347 327 193 182 196 372 285 270 302 492 390 392 473 381 358 319 253 197 199 165 157 247 313 162 178 310 286 162 145 167 275 265 216 235 258 270 478 635 349 289 539 467 241 233 236 517 353 348 349 685 483 492 585 446 444 345 293 238 219 205 205 390 508 1,622 1,562 1,636 1,814 2,108 377 470 397 389 383 515 528 476 535 536 556 580 376 402 363 354 324 396 382 416 328 372 430 532 243 284 274 238 216 229 245 249 239 261 340 250 264 244 216 214 281 234 236 242 264 295 65 and over N um ber unemployed (thousands) Male 1947. 1948. 1949. 1960.. 1951. 1952. 19631 1954.. 1955.. 1956.. 1957.. 1958.. 1959.. 19601. 1961.. 19621. 1963.. 1964.. 1965.. 1966.. 1967 8. 1968.. 1969.. 1970.. 1971.. 1,692 1,559 2,572 2,239 1,221 1,185 1,202 2,344 1,854 1,711 1,841 3,098 2,420 2,486 2,997 2,423 2,472 2,205 1,914 1,551 1,508 1,419 1,403 2,235 2,776 270 255 352 318 191 205 184 310 274 269 299 416 398 425 479 407 500 487 479 432 448 427 441 599 691 114 112 145 139 102 116 94 142 134 134 140 185 191 200 221 187 248 257 247 156 143 207 179 89 89 90 168 140 135 159 231 207 225 258 220 252 230 232 1,422 1,304 2,220 1,921 1,030 980 1,018 2,034 1,580 1,442 1,542 2,682 2,022 2,061 2,518 2,016 1,972 1,718 1,435 1,119 1,060 992 962 1,636 2,085 392 324 485 377 155 155 152 327 248 240 283 478 343 369 457 381 396 384 311 221 201 220 212 241 234 244 305 345 207 193 197 294 346 239 251 253 255 241 249 223 228 219 444 389 301 283 302 320 325 366 355 333 275 302 469 409 340 299 302 332 364 2,546 2,583 2,372 2,071 1,903 1,994 1,984 1,989 1,829 1,756 1,923 2,083 703 730 651 574 592 741 643 628 590 549 609 611 638 613 596 469 436 436 509 501 456 444 492 508 394 415 353 323 288 296 301 301 274 268 283 335 382 393 393 346 283 260 282 284 275 264 261 332 81 475 565 842 854 689 558 509 997 822 830 821 1,242 1,064 1,080 1,368 1,175 1,215 1,195 1,057 920 1,077 985 1,016 1,347 1,650 124 132 195 184 118 113 104 177 148 155 147 223 134 169 235 435 194 156 143 276 224 206 224 308 242 260 304 267 286 262 236 99 113 189 182 162 133 117 249 193 198 195 319 266 256 342 283 287 281 263 207 237 199 203 262 310 72 90 124 151 125 92 84 176 151 159 146 239 214 220 349 287 294 374 300 289 262 221 180 164 132 127 197 239 67 81 125 117 87 73 60 112 102 90 83 124 112 96 122 103 97 85 75 65 60 61 48 71 71 1970 Jan uary. . February. M arch-----A p ril........ M a y.......... June-------J u ly.......... A ugust— September O c to b e r.. N ovem ber December. 1,935 2,178 2,082 1,981 1,843 2,531 2,475 2,207 2,142 2,238 2,434 2,776 480 600 476 483 441 948 807 585 580 602 620 668 504 418 284 297 300 300 343 3,252 3,236 3,008 2,642 2,453 2,972 2,908 2,667 2,424 2,391 2,580 2,784 706 653 636 671 550 978 924 678 595 635 657 701 340 298 303 296 248 509 515 338 296 333 325 337 619 717 1,065 1,049 834 698 632 1,188 998 1,039 1,018 1,504 1,320 1,366 1,717 1,488 1,598 1,581 1,452 1,324 1,468 1,397 1,428 1,853 2,217 144 152 223 195 145 140 123 191 176 209 197 262 256 286 349 313 383 386 395 404 391 412 412 506 567 222 1,455 1,678 1,606 1,498 1,402 1,583 1,668 221 221 175 206 225 209 202 165 167 187 185 177 216 256 66 63 82 63 61 65 66 60 57 70 89 106 1971 Jan u a ry.. February. March____ A p ril-------M ay.......... June_____ J u ly.......... A ugu st----September O c to b e r... N ovem ber December. 328 341 293 280 237 102 212 50 58 71 57 58 73 191 204 176 173 203 230 89 85 79 68 66 F emale 1947.. 1948.. 1949.. 1960.. 1951.. 1952.. 19531. 1954.. 1955.. 1956.. 1957.. 1958.. 1959.. 1960 l. 1961.. 1962 i. 1963.. 1964.. 1965.. 1966.. 1967 V 1968.. 1969.. 1970.. 1971. See footnotes at end of table. 130 63 66 93 87 66 64 56 79 77 97 90 114 110 124 142 124 172 179 164 175 160 179 192 231 249 86 130 108 79 76 67 112 99 112 107 148 146 162 207 189 211 207 231 229 231 233 220 275 318 200 214 265 255 262 276 246 224 277 285 290 386 486 201 261 238 247 326 416 222 278 223 231 223 183 173 185 149 163 229 260 39 49 74 82 76 50 51 99 90 95 80 122 119 101 141 111 120 122 101 86 93 87 89 111 141 10 12 21 20 16 13 10 20 18 19 28 31 23 25 36 37 29 33 27 27 26 27 24 33 38 T A B L E 62. Sex and year Unemployed Persons and Unemployment Rates, by Sex and A g e , 1 9 4 7 -7 1 — Continued 16 to 19 years Total, 16 years and over Total 20 years and over 16 and 17 18 and 19 Total 20 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 197 227 267 224 200 199 245 86 102 112 65 and over N um ber unemployed (thousands) F emale—Continued 1970 January___ February... March........ . A p ril______ M ay......... June....... . July........ . A ugust........ September.. October....... N ovem ber.. D ecem b er.. 211 211 2,173 1,860 385 378 387 400 335 835 644 552 551 530 616 462 174 167 178 194 146 399 323 237 247 232 266 208 209 206 189 436 321 315 304 298 350 254 1,086 1,238 1,264 1,171 1,206 1,302 1,391 1,461 1,599 1,491 1,557 1,398 319 387 330 316 338 456 422 439 463 390 421 347 267 287 281 288 278 279 358 364 400 367 394 344 2,162 2,206 2,167 2,052 1,941 2,518 2,422 2,394 2,416 2,179 2,235 1,911 462 473 506 459 431 900 802 594 595 526 587 466 177 174 213 193 206 441 378 267 235 229 265 213 285 299 293 266 225 459 424 327 360 297 322 253 1,700 1,733 1,661 1,593 1,510 1,618 1,620 1,800 1,821 1,653 1,648 1,445 462 494 478 447 475 603 507 543 512 459 474 376 442 453 430 395 369 350 375 422 482 435 444 ■ 390 1,471 1,616 1,651 1,571 1,541 2,137 2,035 2,013 2,150 2,021 222 222 230 278 309 336 315 318 201 210 195 231 256 259 242 270 241 108 118 119 110 103 133 130 105 110 17 35 29 34 39 31 40 20 35 26 50 39 1971 J a n u a ry .... F ebruary... March.......... A pril........... M ay_______ June............. J u ly ........... A ugust........ September.. October____ N ovem ber.. D ecem ber.. i 357 336 303 302 256 260 302 366 ; 340 352 283 259 256 268 270 267 238 227 275 288 300 253 248 231 138 145 149 142 142 147 133 152 147 2.9 3.1 5.4 4.9 112 149 135 45 36 31 40 29 31 28 30 41 42 50 55 Unemployment rate 1947.. 1948.. 1949.. 1950.. 1951.. 1952.. 19531. 1954 .. 1955.. 1956.. 1957.. 1958.. . 1959— 1960 !. 1961.. . 19621. 1963.. 1964.. 1965.. 1966.. . 1967 2.. 1968.1. 1969.. 1970.. 1971.. . . . . . . Male 4.0 3.6 5.9 5.1 2.8 2.8 2.8 5.3 4.2 3.8 4.1 . . . 6.8 5.3 5.4 6.4 5.2 5.2 4.6 4.0 3.2 3.1 2.9 . . . . 2.8 . 4.4 5.3 . 10.9 9.8 14.2 12.7 8.1 8.9 7.9 13.5 11.6 11.1 12.4 17.1 15.3 16.3 17.2 14.7 17.2 15.8 14.1 11.7 12.3 11.6 11.4 15.0 16.6 10.3 10.1 13.7 13.3 9.4 10.5 8.8 13.9 12.5 11.7 12.4 16.3 15.8 15.5 18.3 15.9 18.8 17.1 16.1 13.7 14.5 13.9 13.8 16.9 18.6 11.3 9.6 14.6 12.3 7.0 7.4 7.2 13.2 10.8 10.4 12.3 17.8 14.9 15.0 16.3 13.8 15.9 14.6 12.4 10.2 10.5 9 7 9.4 13.4 15.0 3.5 3.2 5.4 4.6 2.5 2.4 2.5 4.9 3.8 3.4 3.6 6.2 4.7 4.7 5.7 4.6 4.5 3.9 3.2 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.1 3.5 4.4 8.5 6.9 10.4 8.1 3.9 4.6 5.0 10.7 7.7 6.9 7.8 12.7 8.7 8.9 10.7 8.9 8.8 8.1 6.3 4.6 4.7 5.1 5.1 8.4 10.3 3.4 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.4 4.3 3.6 2.5 4.3 4.0 2.4 5.2 4.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 4.8 3.3 3.3 3.3 6.5 4.7 4.8 5.7 4.5 4.5 3.5 3.0 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.9 3.4 4.4 2.0 2.0 2.6 1.9 2.4 1.9 2.9 2.8 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.0 2.3 4.3 3.2 3.0 3.3 5.3 4.1 4.1 4.9 3.9 3.6 3.2 2.5 2.8 4.1 3.1 2.6 2.8 5.1 3.7 3.8 4.6 3.6 3.5 2.9 2.6 2.0 1.7 2.8 3.4 5. 1 4.8 3.5 3.0 2.4 4.4 4.0 3.5 3.4 5.2 4.8 4.2 5.5 4.6 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.1 1.6 1.6 1.5 2.4 3.1 1.5 2.4 3.0 4.5 4.3 3.5 3.5 5.5 4.5 4.6 5.7 4.6 4.3 3.9 3.3 1.8 2.8 2.8 2.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 2.5 2.9 3.2 2.9 3.0 3. 1 3.7 2.8 2.3 2.3 2. 7 3.0 3.0 2.5 3.0 3.6 3.2 4.2 5. 1 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.3 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.7 4.6 4.8 4.1 3.9 3.3 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 5.0 4.5 4. 2 3.7 3.1 2.3 2.7 3.4 2.7 2.7 3. 5 3.3 1970 January___ F eb ru a ry ... M arch_____ A p ril........... M a y_______ June....... . J u ly........ . A ugu st........ September.. October____ N ovem ber.. D ecem b er.. 3.9 4.3 4.1 3.9 3.6 4.8 4.7 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.8 5.4 13.9 14.3 13.2 13.3 11.8 19.3 15.1 12.0 15.5 16.2 16.6 17.5 16.1 16.6 16.1 15.5 13.2 21.5 16.1 12.4 18.0 18.4 18.5 20.4 12.2 13.5 14.6 15.1 15.2 3.1 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.5 17.7 17.2 16.1 13.0 14.0 17.5 14.1 12.3 13.8 13.6 14.8 16.0 5.4 5.5 5.0 4.4 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.7 4.0 4.3 12.5 11.0 11.4 10.6 17.3 14.3 11.6 7.2 8.8 7.4 7.2 7.0 8.6 8.5 7.7 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.9 3.4 3.6 3.2 3.2 2.9 3.5 3.4 3.7 2.9 3.3 3.8 4.6 2.3 2.7 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.6 2.1 2.3 2.5 3.3 2.7 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.6 1971 January___ F eb ru a ry ... M a rch ......... A p ril---------M ay............. June............. J u ly............. A ugust........ September.. October....... N ovem ber.. D ecem ber.. 6.4 6.4 5.9 5.1 4.8 5.6 5.4 5.0 4.7 4.6 5.0 5.4 19.4 17.9 17.6 15.0 14.1 19.9 16.6 13.2 15.5 16.2 16.5 17.7 21.6 18.9 19.6 17.4 14.3 22.7 19.3 14.3 17.7 19.5 18.8 20.0 12.0 12.6 11.1 9.6 9.8 11.4 9.6 9.4 9.4 8.8 9.8 9.7 5.6 5.3 5.2 4.1 3.8 3.8 4.3 4.3 3.9 3.8 4.2 4.3 3.8 4.0 3.4 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.7 3.3 2.5 2.5 3.2 2.8 2.8 3.2 See footnotes at end of table. 131 T A B L E 62. Unemployed Persons and Unemployment Rates, by Sex and A g e , 1 9 4 7 -7 1 — Continued Sex and year 16 to 19 years Total. 16 years and over Total 20 years and over 16 and 17 18 and 19 Total 20 to 24' 25 to 34 35 to 44 2.7 3.0 4.7 4.4 3.8 3.0 2.5 5.3 4.0 3.9 3.8 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 and over Unemployment rate F emale 1947____________________________________ 1948_______________________ - ................... 1949............................ ................... .................. 1960.......... .............. .............. .......................... 1961________________________________ _ 1962____________________________________ 19631______________________ ____________ 1964_______ ____________________________ 1966____________________________________ 1956_____ _______________________________ 1957_____________________________ - ........ 1968____ ________ __________________ 1959..................................... .......... .................. 19601______ ________________ _________ 1961.................................................................. 19621............................... ................................ 1963.......... ....................... ................................ 1964.......... ....................... ................................ 1965.......... ....................................................... 1966.................................................................. 1967 2............. .................................................. 1968........................... ..................................... 1969_______________________ ____________ 1970.......... ............... ........................ - ............ 1971.......... ...................- .................................. 1970 January........ ................................................. February...................... ................................. March.................... .......... ............................. A pril................................................................ M ay................. ................................................ June................................................................ July.......................... ....................................... A ugust........................................................... September............................................. ......... October..................— .................................. N ovem ber....................................................... December................. ..................................... 1971 January....................................................— February........................................................ March........................ ..................................... A pril...................... ........................................ M ay........................... ..................................... June................................................................. July................. ........... .......... ......................... August........ ............ — ............................. September____________ ______ _______ _ October......................................................... N ovem ber........... ......................................... December------------------ --------------------------- 3.7 4.1 6.0 6.7 4.4 3.6 3.3 7.8 8.3 12.3 11.4 8.3 8.0 9.8 9.8 14.4 14.2 10.0 7.2 11.4 9.1 8.5 12.7 4.9 4.8 4.7 10.2 11.2 10.6 13.2 6.8 14.3 13.5 13.9 16.3 14.6 17.2 16.7 15.7 14.1 13.5 14.0 13.3 15.6 17.2 16.6 14.4 15.4 18.3 16.8 20.3 18.8 17.2 16.6 14.8 15.9 15.5 17.4 18.7 4.8 5.2 5.3 5.0 5.0 13.3 12.9 13.4 13.7 6.8 22.5 15.9 14.2 17.4 16.5 19.1 14.9 15.5 14.1 15.3 16.7 12.7 25.5 18.3 14.2 19.5 17.7 6.0 6.9 5.9 7.2 6.2 6.5 6.2 6.5 4.8 5.2 4.8 4.7 5.9 6.9 6.4 6.4 6.8 6.3 6.7 5.8 6.8 6.9 6.8 6.5 6.2 7.9 7.6 7.5 7.5 6.7 6.8 5.8 11.6 15.8 15.8 17.0 15.6 14.6 24.5 19.2 15.0 18.8 16.6 18.0 14.1 12.0 12.6 20.6 16.8 132 7.4 9.8 7.2 7.3 6.4 10.5 9.1 9.9 9.4 12.9 12.9 13.0 15.1 13.5 15.2 15.1 14.8 12.6 12.7 12.9 11.8 14.4 16.2 11.9 12.0 12.2 11.8 10.8 20.3 14.1 14.2 16.0 15.6 18.1 13.6 15.9 15.1 17.7 16.6 17.5 29.4 21.1 16.1 18.8 17.9 19.7 15.9 17.8 14.2 18.9 15.7 16.7 12.9 21.0 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Beginning with 1967, data m ay not be strictly comparable to prior year 6.8 11.2 15.7 16.4 16.6 14.8 12.7 3.2 3.6 5.3 5.1 4.0 3.2 2.9 5.5 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.6 4.9 7.3 6.9 4.4 4.5 4.3 7.3 3.6 4.3 5.9 5.7 4.5 3.6 3.4 6.1 6.1 8.9 5.3 4.8 5.3 7.3 6.9 6.3 7.3 6.5 6.9 6.3 5.5 4.5 5.4 4.7 4.6 5.7 7.0 5.2 5.1 6.3 5.4 5.4 5.2 4.5 3.8 4.2 3.8 3.7 4.8 5.7 3.9 4.4 4.5 4.1 4.3 4.7 5.0 5.3 5.6 5.2 6.4 4.8 5.9 6.3 6.0 8.1 8.3 9.8 9.1 8.9 8.6 7.3 6.3 7.0 6.7 6.3 7.9 9.6 6.7 6.6 6.9 6.7 7.2 9.4 8.5 4.7 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.0 6.5 8.8 6.6 9.4 7.8 8.4 6.9 7.1 6.3 8.1 9.4 6.0 10.0 5.8 5.6 5.3 5.7 5.8 6.4 6.3 5.6 5.5 4.9 9.7 9.1 9.7 12.0 9.7 10.4 9.9 8.9 9.1 7.2 6.6 5.8 7.5 7.7 7.2 6.8 6.3 6.2 6.8 7.5 7.9 7.0 7.0 6 .2 6.2 5.1 4.8 6.3 6.2 5.1 5.0 4.6 3.6 4.0 3.4 3.4 4.4 5.2 2.6 3.0 4.0 4.6 3.5 2.5 2.3 4.6 3.6 3.6 3.2 4.9 4.2 4.2 5.1 4.1 4.2 3.9 3.2 2.9 3.1 2.4 2.6 3.5 4.0 3.3 3.8 4.4 3.7 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.9 5.2 5.5 5.2 5.2 3.1 3.1 3.8 3.1 3.2 3.0 3.6 4.0 3.9 3.6 4.0 3.6 5.9 5.5 5.0 5.0 4.3 4.5 5.3 6.4 5.7 5.8 4.7 4.3 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.1 3.6 3.5 4.3 4.4 4.5 3.8 3.7 3.5 2.6 3.1 4.4 4.5 4.0 2.5 2.5 4.6 3.8 3.6 3.0 4.5 4.1 3.4 4.5 3.5 3.6 3.5 2.8 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.7 3.3 2.1 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.5 3.2 3.1 2.5 2.6 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.8 3.5 2.6 3.4 3.1 2.2 2.3 3.8 3.4 2. 9 2.2 1.4 3.0 2.3 2.3 3.4 3.8 2.8 2.8 3.9 4.1 3.2 3.4 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.3 3.1 3.6 1.7 3.3 2.6 3.1 3.8 3.0 4.0 2.0 3.3 2.4 4.6 3.5 4.2 3.4 2.9 3.8 2.7 3.1 2.7 2.9 3.9 3.9 4.6 4.9 because of basic change in the concepts and definitions introduced in Januar 1967. T A B L E 63. Unemployed Persons and Unemployment Rates, by Reason, Sex, A g e , and Color, 1967-71 [Persons 16 years and over] N um ber unemployed (thousands) U nem ploym ent ra te 1 Entrants I tem Total Job losers Entrants Total Job leavers Total Reentrants Job losers N ew workers Job leavers Total Reentrants N ew workers T otal 19673......................... . 1968................................. 1969................................. 1970______ ___________ 1971__________________ 1.6 0.6 1.3 .5 .5 .7 .7 3,008 2,817 2,831 4,088 4,993 1,229 1,070 1,017' 1,809 2,313 438 431 436 549 587 1,341 1,316 1,378 1,730 2,093 945 909 965 1,227 1,466 396 407 413 503 627 3.9 3.6 3.5 4.9 5.9 3,406 3,794 3,733 3, 552 3,384 4,669 4, 510 4,220 4,292 4,259 4,607 4,636 1,595 1,787 1,797 1,669 1,658 1,598 1, 778 1,773 1,698 485 473 441 507 447 565 635 639 675 629 586 505 1,327 1,535 1,494 1,376 1,277 2,506 2,098 1,809 1,918 1, 764 1,939 1, 719 999 1,158 1,143 944 1, 567 1,342 1,242 1,404 1,254 1, 398 1,269 328 377 351 375 333 939 756 567 514 510 541 450 4.2 4.7 4.6 4.3 4.1 5.6 5.3 5.0 5.2 5.1 5.5 5.6 668 1,793 1,840 1,975 1,723 1,753 2,982 2,580 2,217 2,207 1,364 1,372 1,477 1,232 1,234 1,931 1,615 1,475 1,627 1,504 1,509 1,257 429 468 498 491 519 1,051 965 742 580 616 595 566 5.9 5.8 5.4 5.7 5.5 2.2 740 718 767 982 1,176 293 313 321 396 491 3.4 3.2 3.1 4.5 5.4 1.2 1.1 2.1 805 943 920 789 761 1, 219 1,065 967 1,145 1,034 249 305 290 285 276 712 576 432 400 392 457 376 3.9 4.3 4.2 3.9 3.8 4.9 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.7 5.2 5.2 356 396 396 383 416 787 741 563 467 474 478 431 6.1 6.1 1.2 2.2 2.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.5 .5 .5 2.5 1.5 1.7 .6 .6 .6 1.6 1.2 .5 1.8 .7 1970 January______________ February_____ _____ March............................ A p ril........................... _ M ay_________________ June_________________ July______ ________ A ugust.......... ............... September___________ October______________ N ovem ber___________ December____________ 1,866 2,082 2,412 1,001 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.9 .6 1.7 .5 .7 .7 1.6 1.2 1.2 3.0 2.5 .4 .5 .4 .5 .4 1.9 1.1 2.2 2.0 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.5 .8 .8 2.2 2.2 1.6 .5 .7 .7 2.4 1.7 .6 .6 .6 .6 1.2 1.1 1.9 .8 .8 .8 2.1 .7 2.3 .6 2.3 1.4 1.4 1.6 .9 .7 .6 .6 .6 .5 1971 January______ ________ February____________ March________________ A p ril-------------------------M ay_________________ June_________________ J u ly --------------------------A ugust_______________ September___________ October.................. — N ovem ber.................... Decem ber...................... 2,954 2,958 2,652 2,413 2,133 2,026 5,414 5,442 5,175 4,694 4,394 5,490 5,330 5,061 4,840 4,570 4,815 4,695 2,199 1,919 1,875 2,103 2,322 644 548 557 509 481 548 644 714 575 608 551 2,366 2,226 2,261 3,337 4,074 987 849 816 1,502 1,923 347 346 357 456 484 2,803 3,127 3,082 2,861 2,783 3,660 3,615 3,407 3,529 3,506 3,818 3,848 1,348 1,488 1, 512 1,375 1,364 1, 267 1,456 1,480 1,416 1,538 1,744 2,033 401 390 360 411 382 463 517 528 569 542 496 419 1,074 1,037 1,931 1,641 1,399 1, 545 1,426 1, 579 1,396 4,501 4,511 4,311 3,844 3,589 4,403 4,224 4,104 3,912 3,674 3,982 3,832 2,462 2,467 2,254 2,026 1,789 1,683 1,807 1,817 1,549 1,519 1,768 1,939 564 542 439 448 405 382 447 534 581 485 523 460 1,474 1,502 1,618 1,370 1,395 2,337 1,970 1,753 1,782 1,671 1,691 1,433 2,202 2,120 2,104 1,822 6.6 6.6 6.3 5.7 5.3 6.5 6.2 3.6 3.6 3.2 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.1 2.1 1.8 .6 .6 .6 .8 .8 3.5 3.0 2.6 2.6 .7 .7 1.5 1.5 2.3 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.5 2.5 1.8 1.8 .6 2.1 1.5 .9 .7 .7 .7 .7 W hite 1967 2.............................. 1968............................... . 1969................................. 1970................... ........... 1971_____ _____________ 1,033 1,031 1,088 1,378 1,666 1.4 .5 .5 .5 1.5 1.4 1.5 2.5 .6 .6 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.9 .6 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.3 .4 .4 .4 .5 .7 1970 January........................ F ebruary____________ March............................. A p ril______ _________ M ay........................... . June_________________ J u ly_________________ A ugust---------------------September___________ October______________ N ovem ber___________ Decem ber____________ 1,054 1,248 1,210 1,122 1,020 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.8 .5 .5 .6 .5 .6 .7 .7 2.6 2.2 1.9 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.6 1.4 1.3 .8 2.1 1.6 .7 .7 1.9 2.1 1.4 1.5 1.4 .6 1.9 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 1.0 .8 .6 .5 .5 .6 .5 1971 January______________ February............ ........... March.............. .............. A p ril_________________ M a y--------------------------J u n e .------------------------J u ly --------------------------A ugu st_____ _________ S eptem ber................ . October............... ........... N ovem ber..................... Decem ber........... .......... 1,118 1,106 1,222 986 979 1,550 1,230 1,190 1,315 1,197 1,213 1,002 5.9 5.2 4.9 5.8 5.5 5.4 5.2 4.9 5.3 5.1 3.3 3.4 3.1 2.8 2.4 2.2 .8 .7 .6 .6 .5 .5 2.0 2.0 2.2 1.9 1.9 3.1 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.3 1.3 .7 2.2 2.2 .6 2.1 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.3 2.3 2.4 .6 2.0 2.0 .8 .6 2.4 2.6 .7 2.6 2.3 2.4 .5 .5 .5 .5 .6 1.0 1.0 .7 .6 .6 .6 .6 See footnotes at the) end of table. http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 4 6 6 -1 5 7 O 72 - 10 Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 133 T A B L E 63. Unemployed Persons and Unemployment Rates, by Reason, Sex, A g e , and Color, 1 9 6 7 -7 1 — Continued [Persons 16 years and over] Num ber unemployed (thousands) Unemployment rate 1 Entrants Entrants I tem Total Job losers Total Job leavers Total Reen trants Job losers N ew workers Job leavers Total Reen trants N ew workers N egro an d O th e r R aces 19673............................... 1968................................. 1969.................................. 1970................................. 1971................................. 642 590 570 752 919 243 221 200 308 390 91 85 79 93 103 308 284 291 351 427 205 190 198 244 291 103 94 93 107 136 85 82 81 95 65 272 286 284 301 242 576 457 410 373 337 359 323 193 214 223 184 349 277 275 260 219 276 249 79 72 61 89 58 227 180 135 113 118 83 74 246 266 255 246 255 381 385 285 312 307 297 255 7.4 6.7 6.4 8.2 9.9 2.8 2.5 2.3 3.3 4.2 1.1 1.0 .9 1.0 1.1 3.6 3.3 3.2 3.9 4.6 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.7 3.1 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.5 1970 January......................... February....................... March............................. A p ril.......... ................... M ay........ ....................... June............................... J u ly................................ A ugust........................... Septem ber.................... October............. ........... N ovem ber____ _______ December...................... 603 651 691 601 1,009 895 814 762 753 788 787 246 299 285 294 294 331 321 292 282 328 339 379 914 931 864 849 806 1,087 1,106 956 927 895 832 863 491 491 398 387 344 343 396 382 370 356 335 383 104 133 91 85 91 318 338 357 354 358 645 610 464 425 449 413 389 1,061 993 963 1,636 2,086 678 599 556 1,065 1,384 165 167 164 209 237 219 227 243 362 465 1,456 1,678 1,606 1,498 1,403 1,584 1,667 1,622 1,562 1,636 1,815 2,108 997 1,144 1,059 988 942 911 1,013 1,016 969 1,063 197 185 2,546 2,582 2,371 2,070 1,904 1,994 1,983 1,989 1,829 1,755 1,923 2,C83 1,811 1,795 1,622 1,462 1,253 1,165 1,259 1,257 1,139 1,123 1,267 1,456 668 102 117 111 107 88 90 86 212 6.7 7.5 7.2 7.6 6.6 10.6 9.3 8.6 8.3 8.2 8.6 8.6 2.7 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.5 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.5 3.7 4.1 .9 .9 .9 1.1 .7 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0 .9 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 2.2 .9 2.6 6.0 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.0 1.0 4.8 4.3 4.0 3.7 3.9 3.5 3.6 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.4 3.0 2.7 .8 .7 .6 2.4 1.9 1.4 1.2 1.3 .9 .8 1971 January.......................... February....................... March............................. A p ril............................... M ay................................. June................................ Ju ly................................ A ugust........................... September..................... October.......................... N ovem ber..................... D ecem ber.................... . 102 109 109 104 99 100 110 73 72 10.1 10.2 101 9.5 9.3 108 104 264 224 179 113 142 116 135 11.5 11.3 9.9 9.9 9.5 8.9 9.4 194 205 216 318 409 25 2.3 22 27 44 56 2.2 2.1 3.5 4.4 262 349 347 295 291 468 424 390 359 338 389 436 230 310 312 261 251 413 368 342 313 287 341 384 32 39 35 34 40 55 56 48 46 51 48 52 3.1 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.5 464 504 520 386 430 629 509 452 437 419 426 400 422 448 471 331 378 554 429 381 394 374 385 342 41 57 50 54 51 75 79 71 43 45 40 59 5.4 5.5 5.0 4.4 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.7 4.0 4.3 8.8 5.5 5.4 4.4 4.2 3.7 3.6 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.6 4.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 1.4 1.0 .9 1.0 3.5 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.9 6.8 6.2 4.8 4.5 4.8 4.4 4.2 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.8 4.0 3.9 3.0 3.3 3.2 3.2 2.8 .8 .8 1.1 1.2 1.1 2.8 2.3 1.9 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.5 Men , 20 years and over 1967».............................. 1968................................. 1969................................. 1970................................. 1971................................. 1970 .Tannary Ffthnifirv J - VVJx Uul j r . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marr.h April Till XT« . . . -----. . . . . . . . . . . V Uij Alienist ------------------. . . . . . Rppt.Ambar flcffihfir bl nr Amhnr December...................... 1,211 1,464 200 214 170 206 230 217 235 235 214 209 1.2 2.2 2.9 2.2 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.5 3.0 .4 .4 .4 .5 .4 .4 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .4 .5 4 16 .8 1.0 .4 4 '.5 .7 .9 .6 .8 .8 .5 .7 .7 .7 .6 .6 1.0 .5 .9 .9 .8 .8 .8 .7 .8 .9 .7 .7 .6 .7 .8 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 1971 January.......................... February....................... March............................. A p ril............................... M ay................................ June............................... J uly................................ A ugust........................... September..................... October.......................... N ovem ber..................... Decem ber...................... See footnotes at the end of table. 134 272 282 230 223 221 200 216 279 253 213 229 226 3.8 3.8 3.4 3.1 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.7 3.0 .6 .6 .5 .5 .5 .4 .4 .6 .5 .4 .5 .5 1.0 1.1 1.1 .8 .9 1.3 .9 .9 1.0 .7 .8 1.1 1.1 .9 .9 .9 .9 .9 .8 .8 .8 .8 .8 .7 .1 .1 1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 . T A B L E 63. Unemployed Persons and Unemployment Rates, by Reason, Sex, A g e , and Color, 1 9 6 7 -7 1 — Continued [Persons 16 years and over] N um ber unemployed (thousands) Unem ploym ent rate i Entrants I tem Total Job losers Total Job leavers Total Reentrants Job losers Entrants Job leavers New workers T otal Reentrants N ew workers W o m e n , 20 y e a r s AND OVER 19672............................... 1968................................. 1969_____ _____ _______ 1970. . ........................ 1971....... ......................... 1,088 985 1,015 1,347 1,650 401 341 335 545 697 179 167 171 214 234 508 477 510 588 720 454 422 455 530 648 54 55 55 58 71 4.3 3. 8 3. 7 4. 8 5. 7 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.9 2.5 .7 .6 .6 .8 .8 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.5 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.3 1970 January......... ; .............. February....................... March............................. A pril............................. M ay................................ June............................. July................................ August........................... September..................... October.......................... Novem ber................... . December....... .............. 1,086 1,238 1,264 1,171 1,205 1,302 1,391 1,461 1,598 1,491 1,557 1,399 418 451 542 497 562 540 574 515 536 610 617 676 177 200 156 188 174 192 256 274 273 246 239 190 491 587 566 486 469 570 562 672 789 635 701 533 437 529 530 439 435 473 500 611 711 579 631 489 54 58 36 47 34 97 62 61 78 56 70 44 3. 9 4. 4 4. 5 4. l 4. 3 4. 7 5. 0 5. 3 5. 6 5. 2 5. 4 4. 8 1.5 1.6 1.9 1.8 2.0 1.9 2.1 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.1 2.3 .6 .7 .6 .7 .6 .7 .9 1.0 1.0 .9 .8 .7 1.8 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.4 2.8 2.2 2.4 1.9 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.2 2.5 2.0 2.2 1.7 .2 .2 .i .2 .i .3 1971 January........................ February...... .............. . March_______________ A p ril_______ ________ M ay_________________ June............................... J u l y . ............................. A ugust........ ................. September___________ October.................. ....... N ovem ber...... .............. December___________ 1,700 1,733 1,661 1,593 1,509 1,617 1,620 1,800 1,821 1,654 1,648 1,445 824 857 796 745 687 663 697 695 610 573 601 615 254 231 201 231 206 193 203 275 299 239 249 223 621 645 664 618 617 761 719 830 912 842 799 607 570 581 608 576 557 685 643 726 823 746 727 537 52 64 56 42 60 76 76 104 89 96 71 70 5. 9 6. 0 5. 8 5. 6 5. 3 5. 7 5. 8 6. 4 6. 3 5. 6 5. 5 4. 9 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.1 .9 .8 .7 .8 .7 .7 .7 1.0 1.0 .8 .8 .8 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.7 2.6 2.9 3.1 2.9 2.7 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.0 2*4 2.3 2 .6 2.8 2.5 2.4 1.8 .2 .j5 19672.............................. 1968 .............................. 1969__________ ______ _ 1970. . . ............................ 1971............................. . 859 839 853 1,105 1,257 151 130 126 200 232 94 97 101 126 116 614 611 625 780 909 297 281 294 379 409 317 330 331 401 500 13. 1 12. 7 12. 2 15. 3 16. 9 2.3 1.9 1.8 2.8 3.1 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.6 9.3 9.0 9.0 10.7 12.2 4.5 4.2 4.2 5.2 5.5 4.8 5.5 6.7 1970 January......................... February....................... March............................. A pril.............................. M ay............................... June_________________ July................................ August.......................... Septem ber-............. . October.......................... N ovem ber..................... December...................... 864 878 863 883 776 1,783 1,451 1,137 1,131 1,133 1,235 1,129 180 192 196 184 155 147 191 242 193 193 255 272 111 88 85 104 103 167 149 148 168 148 132 107 572 599 582 594 518 1,468 1,112 746 771 792 849 750 331 319 302 301 259 682 474 288 380 388 426 396 241 280 280 293 259 786 638 458 391 404 423 354 13. 6 13. 6 13. 3 13. 5 11. 7 20. 7 15. 5 13. 0 16. 4 16. 4 17. 8 16. 3 2.8 2.9 3.1 2.8 2.4 1.7 2.0 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.6 3.9 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.6 1.7 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.5 9.0 9.3 9.0 9.1 7.8 17.0 11.9 8.5 11.1 11.4 12.2 10.8 5.2 5.0 4.7 4.6 3.9 7.9 5.1 3.3 5.5 5.6 6.1 5.7 3.8 4.3 4.3 4.5 3.9 9.1 6.8 5.2 5.6 5.8 6.1 5.1 1971 January______________ F eb ru a ry...................... March..................... ....... A p r i l................ ........... M ay------------- ------------June_________________ J u ly _________________ A ugu st______________ Septem ber___________ October....... ................. N ovem ber___________ Decem ber..................... 1,168 1,127 1,142 1,030 981 1,879 1, 727 1, 272 1,190 1,161 1,244 1,167 319 306 234 207 193 198 246 247 171 179 235 251 142 131 118 103 82 88 129 89 162 123 129 102 708 691 790 720 707 1,592 1,352 935 857 859 880 814 372 343 399 325 299 692 542 368 409 384 397 378 336 347 392 395 408 900 810 567 448 474 483 436 17. 8 17. 0 17. 3 15. 2 14. 3 21. 8 17. 7 14. 0 17. 0 16. 4 17. 2 16. 1 4.8 4.6 3.6 3.1 2.8 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.4 2.6 3.3 3.4 2.2 2 .0 1.8 1.5 1. 2 1.0 1.3 1.0 2.3 1.7 1.8 1.4 10.8 10.4 12.0 10.6 10.3 18.5 13.8 10.3 12.3 12.1 12.1 11.2 5.7 5.2 6.0 4.8 4.4 8.0 5.6 4.1 5.8 5.4 5.5 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.9 5.8 6.0 10.5 8.3 6.3 6.4 6.7 6.7 6.0 .2 \ 2 *2 2 '.2 *2 [2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .l .2 .3 .3 .4 .3 .3 .2 .2 B oth Se x e s , 16-19 Y e a r s 1Unemployment rates as a percent of the civilian labor force for the group. 2 Unemployment levels and rates for 1967 differ somewhat from those published elsewhere. The first half of 1967 was the initial period for which data in this series were available on a regular m onthly basis, and the pro cedures used in the current population survey require several months of continuous data before the necessary statistical techniques exert their full effect. See also footnote 2, table 1. 4.8 4.8 N ote: Earlier data are available covering persons 14 years and over for the months June and December 1964, June and Novem ber 1965, and January and June 1966. These data m ay be obtained from the article, “ Why the Unemployed Look for Work,” Monthly Labor Review, January 1967. 135 T A B L E 64. Ite m Unemployment Rates, by Color, Sex, and A g e , 1948-71 T o ta l, 16 years and over 16 and 17 years 18 and 19 years 3 .4 5 .6 4 .7 2 .6 2 .5 2 .5 4 .8 3 .7 1 0.2 1 3.4 1 3.4 9 .5 10.9 8 .9 1 4 .0 1 2.2 9 .4 1 4.2 11.7 6 .7 7 .0 7 .1 1 3 .0 1 0 .4 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years an d over W h it e M a le 1948.......................................................................................... 1949.......................................................................................... 1950.........................................................- .............................. 1951................................- ......................- ............... ............... 1952................................................— ................................... 1 9 5 3 » ................... — ............... ................... - ................. 1954................................ ......................................................... 1955.........................................- .............................................. 1956................................................. ....................................... 1957............. ........................................................... 1958......................................................................... 1959......................................................................... 19601....................................................................... 1961........................................................................ 19621................ ____............................................... 1 9 6 3 ..-........ .................................................. 1964......................... ............................................. 1965......................................... ............. ............... 1966................. ..........— ..................................... 1967»....................................................................... 1968......................................................................... 1969......................................................................... 1970.......................................... ............................ 1971................................................................ . 3.4 3.6 6.1 4.6 4.8 5.7 4.6 4.7 4.1 3.6 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 4.0 4.9 1970 January................................................................. February................................................ - ............ March........................................................ ........... A p ril....................................................................... M a y.................................................. .................... June................................... ................................. . July........................................................................ A ugust................................................................... September....................................................... . October................................................................. N ovem ber............................................................. December.............................................................. 9.7 11.2 3.6 4.0 3.9 3.6 3.4 4.3 4.3 3.8 3.8 4.0 4.5 5.1 15.1 15.9 15.7 14.5 12.9 18.9 14.9 5.9 5.9 5.6 4.8 4.5 5.0 4.9 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.6 5.0 20.0 1971 January................................................................. F ebruary............................................................... March..................................................................... A p ril....................................................................... M ay........................................................................ June........................................................................ July........................................................................ A ugust................................................................... September............................................................. October.................................................................. N ovem ber............................................................. D ecem ber.............................................................. 11.2 11.9 14.9 15.0 14.6 16.5 15.1 17.8 16.1 14.7 12.5 12.7 12.3 12.5 15.7 17.1 11.2 16.8 16.9 17.2 19.0 17.5 18.4 15.8 12.5 20.2 17.3 13.3 16.2 18.0 17.3 19.4 16.5 13.0 13.5 15.1 12.7 14.2 13.4 11.4 8.9 9.0 8.2 7.9 12.0 13.5 11.0 11.2 9.9 9.9 9.5 15.2 12.7 10.5 11.4 13.1 13.9 14.4 16.4 15.5 14.6 6 .4 9 .8 7 .7 3 .6 4 .3 4 .5 9 .8 7 .0 6.1 7.1 11.7 7.5 8.3 10.0 8.0 7.8 7.4 5.9 4.1 4.2 4.6 4.6 7.8 9.4 6.8 8.3 7.1 6.6 6.4 8.0 7.9 6.8 8.5 8.6 8.8 9.2 10.7 11.8 10.4 12.0 8.8 12.7 14.9 12.6 9.3 10.3 9.0 10.9 8.6 12.6 11.9 13.9 14.7 8.3 7.8 9.3 8.8 2 .6 4 .9 3 .9 2 .0 1 .9 2 .0 4 .2 2 .7 2 .1 3 .9 3 .2 1 .8 1 .7 1 .8 3 .6 2 .6 2.8 2.2 2.7 5.6 3.8 4.1 4.9 3.8 3.9 3.0 2.6 2.1 2.5 4.4 3.2 3.3 4.0 3.1 2.9 2.5 2.3 1.7 1.9 1.7 1.7 3.1 4.0 1.4 1.4 2.3 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.0 2.5 2.4 2.8 2.6 3.0 2.9 3.4 2.7 3.0 3.5 4.3 1.6 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.2 1.9 2.2 2 .4 4 .0 3 .7 2 .2 2 .0 2 .0 3 .8 2 .9 2.8 3.0 4.8 3.7 3.6 4.4 3.5 3.3 2.9 2.3 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.4 2.3 2.8 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.6 2.2 2.1 2.2 3.7 3.6 3 ,2 2.9 3.4 3.6 3.6 3 .2 3.8 5.5 5.2 4.1 3.2 3.1 5.7 4.3 4.0 4.7 2.9 4.5 4.0 3.5 2.5 2.3 2.5 3.2 1.7 1.7 2.7 3.2 3.1 5.2 5.0 5.1 4.£ 3.6 3.4 3.8 3.8 3.4 3.3 3.6 3.8 2.6 2.2 2.0 2.8 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.4 5.2 4.2 4.1 5.3 4.1 4.0 3.5 3.1 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.5 3.1 2.7 3 .0 5 .3 4 .7 2 .7 2 .3 2 .7 4 .3 3 .9 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.4 3.0 3.4 3 .8 5 .0 4 .6 3 .4 2 .9 2 .3 4 .2 3 .8 3.4 3.2 5.0 4.5 4.0 5.2 4.1 4.1 3.6 3.0 3.7 2.8 2.4 2.1 3.2 3.4 3.0 3.2 3.9 2.9 2.5 2.7 3.0 2.5 2.5 3.2 4.3 5.0 2.6 4.3 4.7 3.9 3.8 3.2 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 3.1 2.3 2.4 2.7 3.1 2.8 2.6 3.2 4.3 4.4 4.0 2.5 2.5 4.5 3.6 3.5 3.0 4.3 4.0 3.3 4.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 2.7 2.4 4.1 3.1 3.3 2.3 1.4 2.6 2.5 2.8 5.1 4.6 4.4 3.8 3.1 2.3 2.7 3.2 3.4 3.4 W hite F em a le 1948.......................... ............................................. 1949........................................................................ 1950............................................ ............................ 1951..................................................................... 1952...................................................... .................. 19531......................... ............................................ 1954......................................................................... 1955........................................................................ 1956......................................................................... 1957............. ........... ............................................. 1958......................................................................... 1959......................................................................... 19601...................................................................... 1961................................. ............. .......... .............. 19621................................................................ 1963........... ................................................. ........... 1964........................................................................ 1965............. — _______________ _________ _ 1966......................................................................... 1967 »...................................................................... 1968......................................................................... 1969......................................................................... 1970____ ___________________________________ 1971......................................................................... See fo o tn o te s a t end o f table. Digitized136 for FRASER 3.8 5.7 5.3 4.2 3.3 3.1 5.6 4.3 4.2 4.3 6.2 5.3 5.3 6.5 5.5 5.8 5.5 5.0 4.3 4 .6 4.3 4.2 5.4 6.3 6.8 9.7 13.6 13.8 9.6 9.3 8.3 10.7 9.4 6.5 12.0 11.6 12.1 9.4 7.7 8.3 7.9 11.9 15.6 13.3 14.5 17.0 15.6 18.1 17.1 15.0 14.5 12.9 13.9 13.8 15.3 16.7 6.2 6.0 11.0 11.1 11.5 13.6 11.3 13.2 13.2 13.4 10.7 10.6 11.0 10.0 11.9 14.1 4.2 6.7 6.1 3.9 3.8 4.1 6.4 5.1 5.1 5.1 7.4 6.7 7.2 8.4 7.7 7.4 7.1 6.3 5.3 6.0 5.9 5.5 6.9 8.5 6.6 5.0 5.7 6.6 5.4 5.8 5.2 4.8 3.7 4.7 3.9 4.2 5.3 6.3 2.8 2.3 4.9 3.8 3.5 3.7 5.6 4.7 4.2 5.6 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.1 3 .3 3.7 3.1 3.2 4.3 4.9 3.1 4.0 4.3 3.6 2.4 2.3 4.4 3.4 3.3 3.0 4.9 4.0 4.0 4.8 3.7 3.9 3.6 3.0 2.7 2.9 2.3 2.4 3.4 3.9 2.8 2.2 2.3 3.5 3.5 3.4 2.8 2.2 3.7 4.0 3.0 3.4 2.7 2.7 2.3 2.6 3 .3 2.7 2.4 3.2 3.6 2.1 2.1 2.6 T A B L E 64. Item Unemployment Rates, by Color, Sex, and A g e , 1 9 4 8 -7 1 — Continued Total, 16 years and over 16 and 17 years 18 and 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over W hite Female— Continued 1970 January____ ____________________________ February____________________ ____ ______ March__________________________________ April________ ____________________ _______ May-------------------------------- ---------------------June____________________________ ____ _ July_______ _____________________________ August........- ............................. ......... ........... September______________________________ 4.4 4.8 4.9 4.5 4.6 6.0 5.7 5.8 6.4 1?. 4 11.8 13.4 14.5 11.2 22.3 15.8 11?. 5 18.0 10.1 10.4 10.7 10.3 9.1 16.3 11.3 11.4 13.3 October------ ------------- ---------- -----------------------N ovem ber_________________________________ December__________________________________ 5.9 6.2 16.2 18.4 15.5 12.9 15.1 11.3 13.9 14.5 16.3 15.3 15.6 25.7 18.5 13.7 17.7 16.0 18.2 13.5 14.3 14.4 14.6 12.9 1971 January................................................................. February............................................................... March.................................................................... A pril...................................................................... M ay....................................................................... June....................................................................... J uly.................................................................. . A u g u s t .. .,......................................................... September.................. .................... .................. October_____________ _______________ ______ N ovem ber........................................ .............. . December.......................................................... - 5.4 6.4 6.4 6.3 5.9 5.5 7.2 6.7 6.9 6.9 6.1 6.4 5.2 11.8 18.1 15.2 12.2 6.1 7.2 5.5 5.5 5.9 8.1 7.4 7.7 8.6 6.8 7.5 5.7 8.6 8.8 8.6 7.5 8.5 10.9 8.5 9.4 16.2 13.8 15.1 8.8 10.0 6.4 10.5 17.1 17.7 9.6 11.7 15.8 7.6 8.1 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.1 4.6 4.5 5.7 6.0 6.8 6.1 6.1 5.6 7.1 7.1 6.8 5.9 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.9 7.0 6.3 6.5 5.4 3.3 3.6 4.3 3.6 3.7 3.7 4.1 4.8 5.1 2.9 2,9 3.8 3.0 3.3 2.8 3.4 3.9 4.1 1.8 3.3 2.6 3.0 4.2 3.4 4.4 2.3 5.5 5.1 5.1 2.1 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.5 3.1 3.7 4.1 3.6 2.9 2.5 2.6 6.0 3.7 4.0 4.1 4.0 3.5 3.5 4.3 4.5 4.6 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.9 3.6 2.7 3.7 3.3 5.5 4.8 4.8 3.9 4.1 4.5 6.0 5.3 5.5 4.4 4.0 2.6 3.4 4.9 3.5 4.3 3.2 2.8 3.8 2.7 3.3 2.3 3.1 3.8 4.1 4.6 4.9 N egro and Other R aces M ale 1948............................................. ........................... 1949..................................................................... 1950.................. ...................................... ............. 1951.......................................................... ........... . 1952______ _________________________________ 1953 1........................................ ............. ............. 1954....................................... ............................... 1955....... ...................................... ............ ............ 1956....... ..................... .......................................... 1957....... ............. .................................................. 1958............................ ........................ : ................ 1959............................... ................................ 1960 i. ............................... ............................... . 1961.............................................. ......................... 1962 1_______ ______ _______________________ 1963........... ........... ........................................... . 1964.................................... ................................... 1965_________ _______________________________ 1966_____ ______ ____________________________ 19672...................................................................... 1968....................................................................... . 1969......................................................................... 1970____ ______________ ____________________ 1971.................... .................... .............................. 5.8 9.6 9.4 4.9 5.2 4.8 10.3 8.8 7.9 8.3 13.8 11.5 10.7 12.8 10.9 10.5 8.9 7.4 6.3 6.0 5.6 5.3 7.3 9.1 9.4 15.8 12.1 8.7 8.0 8.3 13.4 14.8 15.7 16.3 27.1 22.3 22.7 31.0 21.9 27.0 25.9 27.1 22.5 28.9 26.6 24.7 27.8 33.4 4.7 8.5 5.2 12.6 10.0 6.7 7.9 7.9 3.4 4.4 3.6 9.0 8.1 5.5 5.5 4.3 14.7 12.9 14.9 16.9 12.4 10.1 8.6 20.0 12.7 19.5 16.3 13.1 15.3 14.6 15.5 10.0 8.1 26.7 27.2 25.1 23.9 21.8 27.4 23.1 20.2 20.5 12.0 12.6 9.3 7.9 7.6 8.5 14.7 12.3 10.7 12.9 10.5 9.5 7.7 6.2 20.1 8.0 19.0 19.0 23.1 26.0 8.3 8.4 4.9 4.4 3.8 3.4 12.6 6.1 16.2 7.4 8.1 8.2 6.6 6.4 11.4 8.9 3.7 7.9 7.4 3.6 4.2 5.1 9.3 6.4 5.4 6.2 8.2 10.3 7.9 8.5 10.7 10.2 8.6 8.0 6.2 5.1 4.2 3.1 2.9 2.4 3.9 4.9 8.3 7.1 5.9 5.1 4.1 3.4 2.5 2.4 3.3 4.5 3.5 7.0 8.0 4.1 3.7 3.6 7.5 9.0 8.1 5.5 10.1 8.7 9.5 10.5 9.6 7.4 8.1 5.4 4.4 4.1 3.6 3.2 3.4 4.7 4.6 6.2 7.0 4.7 4.7 3.1 7.5 7.6 4.9 5.0 9.1 8.4 6.3 9.4 11.9 10.1 8.3 5.2 4.9 5.1 4.0 3.2 3.8 3.4 See footnotes at end of table. 137 T A B L E 6 4. Item N egro and Unemployment Rates, by Color, Sex, and A g e , 1 9 4 8 -7 1 — Continued 16 and 17 years 18 and 19 years 20 to 24 years 6 .2 7.0 6.5 6.7 5.8 9.4 8 .2 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.2 8.4 25.5 23.2 20.4 26.2 16.4 41.0 25.8 20.9 30.4 33.1 31.3 34.0 20.1 2 1.2 17.8 2 0.6 18.4 31.7 25.5 2 0.0 29.2 25.4 24.2 21.4 9.4 11.7 9.5 1 1.0 11.2 12.7 13.3 14.4 13.6 14.4 15.0 14.6 1 0.6 10.1 8 .8 8 .1 7.6 10.5 9.9 36.3 31.6 31.1 34.2 32.7 46.0 33.9 28.5 30.7 26.9 2 1*2 24.3 37.4 25.1 22.0 22.2 37.3 36.6 34.4 26.7 22.3 25.3 2 1 .0 18.1 15.9 15.4 13.6 18.5 14.2 15.3 17.4 16.3 13.0 16.3 Total, 16 years and over 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 5.9 6 .1 5.5 5.8 5.2 7.8 6.7 5.8 4.5 5.8 6 .2 7.7 3.5 4.8 4.6 3.2 3.0 4.5 4.5 4.1 4.1 3.1 2.9 4.6 3.2 3.7 5.0 4.3 2 .2 2 .2 3.5 2.7 4.4 3.5 2.5 2.9 3.0 3.7 3.4 4.0 3.8 3.5 1 .8 1.7 3.2 3.3 3.4 5.3 2.9 2 .1 2.3 1.5 4.6 5.4 3.8 5.3 3.9 4.0 2.4 6.3 8.5 7.8 6 .2 4.9 5.3 5.0 7.7 5.5 6 .0 4.1 4.7 5.5 4.0 3.8 4.8 4. G 4.0 6.3 5.1 5.3 4.7 3.8 2.4 4. 0 5.2 4.8 4.3 3.5 4.4 7.3 5.3 5.7 5.5 4.6 5.5 4.3 2.9 4.0 2.3 4 2 5.0 3.5 3.5 2.4 3.1 3.6 2 .6 3.0 5.3 1 .2 4.5 5.5 2.5 4.0 2.9 4.0 5.9 65 years and over O ther R aces Male—Continued 1970 January____________________________________ February_____ _____________________________ M arch.. . . . ............................ . ........... A pril_______________________________________ M ay................................................................ . June______ ________________________________ July______ _______________________________ A ugust____________________________________ Septem ber............ ...................... ....................... October___ _________________________________ N ovem ber___________________ _____________ Decem ber........... ................... ......... .......... ......... 1971 January........................... ..................................... February........................... ................................. March-.T...................... ........................................ A p ril...................................................................... M a y............... ....................................................... June.......................................... ............................. July................................................................... A ugust................................................................... Septem ber...................................... ............ ......... O ctober....... ..................................................... N ovem ber........ ................................................... D ecem ber............ ............................................... 8.8 8.6 8.8 8.3 8.9 21.2 26.4 6.8 8.6 8.2 7.5 7.8 8.6 8.5 N egro and Other R aces Female 1948......................................................................... 1949......................................................................... 1950......................................................................... 1951......................................................................... 1952......................................................................... 1953 i ...................................................................... 1954.................. .................................................... 1955..................................................................... 1956......................................................................... 1957......................................................................... 1958......................................................................... 1959......................................................................... 1 9601.................................................................... 1961........................................................................ 19621...................................................................... 1963........................................................................ 1964........................................................................ 1965............ ........................................................... 1966........................................................................ 19671 2...................................................................... 1968...... ....................... .......................................... 1969......................................................................... 1970__________ 1971............. .......................................................... 1970 January............................................................... ................... February______ . March.............. ..................................................... A pril........................... M ay........ .............................................................. June_________________ _____________________ July........................................................................ A ugust.................................................................. September................................................... ......... October.................... ............................................ N ovem ber....................... ................................... December........... .............. .................................... 1971 January...................................................... ......... February.............................................................. March..................... ............................. A p ril________________________ ______________ M ay____________ ___________________________ June.......................................... ........................ July......................... ............................................. A u g u st.............. September................................................. ......... O ctober____________________ ______ ________ N ovem ber........... ........ .............. D ecem ber_______ _________________________ 6.1 7.9 8.4 6.1 5.7 4.1 9.3 8.4 8.9 7.3 10.8 9.4 9.4 11.8 11.0 11.2 10.6 9.2 8.6 9.1 8.3 7.8 9.3 10.8 7.4 8.0 8.2 8.7 7.6 12.1 10.8 10.3 9.6 9.2 10.3 8.9 9.5 10.6 10.3 10.8 10.4 12.7 13.0 11.3 11.6 10.3 9.6 10.0 11.8 20.3 17.6 13.0 6.3 10.3 19.1 16.4 138 21.6 10.2 12.5 13.0 8.8 10.7 5.5 13.2 13.0 14.8 18.3 25.4 25.8 25.7 31.1 27.8 40.1 36.5 37.8 34.8 32.0 33.7 31.2 36.9 38.5 21.4 23.4 21.3 30.0 29.9 24.5 28.2 31.2 31.9 29.2 27.8 29.2 28.3 26.2 25.7 32.9 33.7 44.3 37.6 36.3 39.3 29.5 48.6 36.1 26.9 38.2 32.7 40.8 30.2 24.5 25.1 24.5 24.1 24.1 46.9 36.0 35.3 37.1 36.2 39.7 32.5 14.0 16.7 14.3 15.5 18.0 15.6 16.0 15.2 14.2 14.7 16.3 35.2 21.9 33.1 31.8 38.7 64.2 38.3 37.5 31.6 40.0 37.4 40.6 30.0 36.1 32.5 31.7 20.7 43.7 36.3 30.9 40.3 30.8 30.9 36.3 14.8 18.3 17.4 19.5 17.5 19.1 17.9 17.0 17.6 17.4 16.8 13.5 22.0 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Beginning with 1967, data m ay not be strictly comparable to prior years 14.6 15.9 14.1 15.1 16.8 9.9 12.2 18.9 14.9 15.3 19.5 18.2 18.7 18.3 13.7 12.6 7.3 8.5 9.1 7.1 10.2 5.6 4.0 3.5 7.3 5.5 9.1 6.8 6.2 4.9 10.9 8.1 11.1 9.7 9.1 11.1 11.5 11.7 11.2 8.4 8.1 13.8 12.3 8.7 8.4 15.0 17.3 7.9 10.7 10.8 5.3 12.0 6.2 6.6 6.6 4.7 9.2 7.6 8.6 10.7 8.9 8.2 7.8 7.6 5.0 6.2 5.0 4.5 4.8 6.9 7.8 10.3 9.7 8.5 7.6 9.6 7.3 3.3 4.7 5.0 4.6 3.9 4.5 3.3 5.0 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.8 9.8 10.9 9.4 5.2 5.9 6.3 6.1 6.0 9.3 6.6 11.1 12.3 9.5 11.1 10.5 12.9 10.7 10.2 1 10.3 6.6 6.4 6.7 9. 7 8.5 8.4 7.8 5.9 | 5.8 2.8 3.5 2.1 5.9 5.2 5.6 4.2 4.9 6.1 5.7 7.4 7.1 6.1 6.1 4.4 5.0 4.4 3.2 3.7 4. 0 4.2 4.9 4.8 3.7 4.0 2.5 4.7 5.4 4.4 ,0 5.4 4.8 3.4 2.4 2.1 4.9 5.5 5.3 4.0 6.2 5.0 4.3 6.3 3.6 4.8 3.8 3.9 3.3 3.4 2.8 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.1 3.6 4.1 2.5 1.9 3.2 3.6 4.2 4.4 3.0 2.9 3.9 4.3 2.4 2.4 5.6 5.2 4.3 4.6 4.8 3.3 4.3 4.1 4.2 3.1 3.1 4.2 3.8 4.8 5.0 4.0 4.2 5.4 4.1 2.9 2.4 1.9 1.4 1.9 2.8 1.6 1.6 5.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 5.1 3.3 2.8 4.3 5.6 2.3 4.1 6.5 3.7 3.6 2.2 3.1 4.0 3.4 2.4 1.1 1.9 3.9 1.2 3.5 2.4 4.5 .4 2.8 1.4 2.4 3.5 2.8 6.9 4.5 3.9 2.9 1.2 6.0 1.7 5.1 2.7 4.6 5.2 because of basic changes in concepts and definitions introduced in January 1967. T A B L E 65. Unemployment Rates, by Sex and M arital Status, 1955-71 [Persons 14 years of age and over for 1955-66; 16 years and over for 1966-71] Male Year Total 1955...............- ______________________________ 1956.................... ............................ ...................... 1957....................................... ................................ 1958.............................. ....................... ............... 1959............................... — .................................. 1960............... ........................................................ 1961.................— ................... ................... .......... 1962.................... .................................................... 1963________ __________________ _____________ 1964;_______________ ____ __________________ 1965___________ __________ __________________ 1966.................... ...................— .......... ............... 19661..................................... ............ .................... 1 9 6 7 2 --................................................................ 1968........................... .................................. .......... 1969___ ____ _______________________________ 1970_____ ________________ _________ ________ 1971...................... ................................................ 1970 January________________ _____ ____________ February__________________________________ March__________________ ______________ ____ A p ril...................................................... .............. M ay____ ________ ____________________ ____ June________ ___________ __________________ July__________________________ ________ _ A ugust____________________________________ September______ _______________ __________ October______ ____________ ________ _______ N ovem ber............... ........ ................................ . D e ce m b e r............ .......... .......... ....................... . 1971 January................................................................. February_______ _________ __________ ____ _ March___________ _________________________ A p ril__________ _______ _____ _____________ M ay........ .............................................................. June____ _______ ____________________ ______ July------------------------------- ------------- -------------A ugust............................ ............. ....................... Septem ber...................... ..................... ................ October.............. .......... .............. ......................... N ovem ber____ ____________________________ D ecem ber.._____ __________ _______________ 4.0 3.8 4.3 3.9 3.5 4.1 6.8 6.8 5.5 5.6 6.7 5.6 5.7 5.2 4.6 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.5 4.9 5.9 5.3 5.4 6.5 5.3 5.3 4.7 4.0 3.3 3.2 3.1 2.9 4.2 4.7 4.6 4.3 4.1 5.6 5.3 5.0 3.9 4.3 4.1 3.9 3.6 4.8 4.7 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.8 5.4 6.2 5.1 5.6 5.6 6.6 6.6 6.3 5.7 5.3 6.5 6.2 6.9 6.8 5.4 5.7 5.5 Single 2.8 4.4 5.3 Widowed, divorced, or separated 8.6 2.6 7.1 2.3 2.8 6.2 6.8 11.2 8.6 11.6 11.7 13.1 11.2 12.4 11.5 5.1 3.6 3.7 4.6 3.6 3.4 2.8 10.1 8.6 8.6 2.4 1.9 1.9 8.3 8.0 8.0 11.2 1.8 1.6 2.6 13.2 3.2 9.9 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.4 11.0 9.7 10.0 9.1 13.8 11.7 9.3 11.5 11.8 12.3 13.5 14.8 14.6 13.9 6.0 12.4 13.1 5.4 Married, wife present 7.7 9.2 13.3 6.4 6.4 5.9 5.1 4.8 5.6 5.4 5.0 4.7 4.6 1 Beginning with 1966 data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. 2Beginning with 1967, data m ay not be strictly comparable to prior years Female Both sexes 12.1 11.6 15.5 13.4 11.6 12.8 12.6 1.5 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.9 3.4 4.2 4.2 3.9 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.8 8.4 10.3 9.9 9.6 8.9 7.2 5.6 5.5 4.9 4.2 4.0 6.4 7.4 6.0 6.5 6.2 5.6 5.3 6.7 7.2 7.1 6.5 6.6 6.0 7.1 Total 4.3 4.3 4.7 6.8 5.9 5.9 7.2 6.2 6.5 6.2 5.5 4.9 4.9 5.2 4.8 4.7 5.9 6.9 4.8 5.2 5.3 5.0 5.6 6.8 6.4 6.4 6.8 6.3 6.7 5.8 6.8 8.7 9.2 8.3 6.9 8.2 6.5 6.3 7.1 7.8 6.2 2.9 6.8 2.6 6.4 2.5 3.0 3.3 6.8 6.0 7.2 6.8 7.9 7.6 7.5 7.5 6.7 6.8 5.8 Single 5.0 5.3 5.6 7.4 7.1 7.5 8.7 7.9 8.9 8.7 Married, husband present Widowed, divorced, or separated 3.7 3.6 4.3 6.5 5.2 5.2 6.4 5.4 5.4 5.1 4.5 3.7 3.7 4.5 3.9 3.9 4.9 5.7 5.9 7.4 6.4 6.7 6.4 5.4 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.2 4.0 5.2 6.3 7.1 7.2 7.1 7.6 7.0 13.7 9.8 4.0 4.5 4.8 4.3 4.2 4.5 4.2 4.9 4.7 4.4 5.0 4.4 8.8 5.5 8.2 7.8 7.9 7.5 7.6 7.3 9.0 10.5 9.6 9.4 10.8 8.9 9.2 9.5 9.8 9.6 9.3 15.0 12.1 10.4 11.5 9.8 10.4 8.7 6.0 5.0 5.0 4.7 6.7 6.2 6.1 5.7 6.1 6.0 5.4 5.5 4.8 5.4 5.8 5.3 6.1 6.0 6.2 6.9 5.5 5.0 5.4 5.6 6.2 6.3 5.8 6.6 4.7 6.9 6.3 5.8 6.0 6 .2 6.9 7.1 6.4 5.7 6.2 6. .7 because of basic changes in the concepts and definitions introduced in Janu ary 1967. 139 T A B L E 66. Unemployment Rates, by O ccupation, 1958-71 [Persons 16 years and over] White-collar workers Year and month Total Profes sional and technical 3.1 2.0 1958.......................................... 1959.......................................... 1960.......................................... 1961.......................................... 1 96 2 ............. ......................... 1963.......................................... 1964.......................................... 1965.................... ..................... 1966.......................................... 1967........................................ 1968......................................... 1969....... ................................... 1970.......................................... 1971.......................................... m o January.................................. February................................ March................... .................. A p ril..................... .................. M ay......................................... June........................................ J u ly......................................... A ugust................................... September............................ October.................................. N ovem ber............... ............. D ecem ber.............................. 1971 January.................................. February................................ March..................................... A p ril....................................... M ay......................................... June........................................ July......................................... A ugust................................... September............................. October................................ . N ovem ber............................. D ecem ber.............................. 140 Managers officials and proprietors 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.4 2.0 1.8 2.8 1.7 2.9 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.4 2.6 2.7 3.3 2.6 2.3 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.0 2.0 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.8 2.0 3.5 2.9 1.6 2.2 1.4 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.4 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.0 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.3 3.2 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.4 2.9 .9 1.2 1.0 1.3 .9 1.3 1.8 1.6 1.8 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.5 1.8 2.2 2.0 2.5 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.8 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.4 3.5 3.4 4.1 3.2 2.7 1.6 1.6 2.6 2.1 1.9 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.8 Blue-collar workers Clerical workers Sales workers 4.4 3.7 3.8 4.6 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.3 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.0 4.1 4.8 2.9 3.9 4.3 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.4 4.4 4.2 4.0 4.6 4.7 5.1 4.4 3.3 4.2 3.8 3.9 3.5 4.1 3.8 3.5 4.0 4.1 4.6 3.7 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.6 4.2 5.1 4.9 4.9 5.4 5.0 4.9 4.2 4.7 A9 5.1 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.0 4.1 3.8 3.8 4.9 4.3 4.3 3.5 3.4 2.8 3.2 2.8 Total Craftsmen and foremen Operatives 10.2 6.8 11.0 7.6 7.8 9.2 7.4 7.3 6.3 5.3 4.2 4.4 4.1 3.9 6.2 7.4 5.7 6.3 6.2 5.7 5.5 6.1 6.2 6.0 6.1 6.3 6.8 7.7 9.4 9.3 8.7 7.6 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.7 6.3 6.8 7.4 5.3 5.3 6.3 5.1 4.8 4.2 3.6 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.2 3.8 4.7 3.4 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.8 3.4 4.0 5.2 6.9 Nonfarm laborers 15.1 8.0 12.6 12.6 9.6 7.5 7.5 14.7 12.5 12.4 5.5 4.4 5.0 4.5 4.4 7.1 8.3 7.4 7.6 7.2 6.7 9.5 7.6 6.6 10.8 8.6 10.8 5.9 7.1 11.4 6.8 9.5 8.5 7.3 9.6 6.4 6.3 6.9 7.5 7.3 6.8 7.5 7.9 8.4 9.7 6.2 10.1 6.3 5.0 3.8 3.4 4.0 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.0 4.9 9.3 8.8 8.2 8.2 8.3 7.7 7.5 7.0 7.5 7.8 10.2 8.8 8.0 9.6 9.9 10.0 11.9 Service workers 6.9 6.1 6.2 6.1 6.0 2.3 3.0 3.1 5.3 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.2 5.3 6.3 4.8 5.2 4.9 4.6 4.3 6.0 5.4 5.4 5.8 5.6 5.8 5.5 10.1 5.9 5.6 7.3 6.7 6.5 6.5 5.9 6.4 5.6 8.3 9.9 9.5 11.3 12.8 2.6 2.7 6.8 9.2 3.2 5.8 7.2 14.5 14.3 12.5 10.6 8.2 Farm workers 6.5 6.0 2.8 2.6 2.2 2.3 2.1 1.9 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.1 2.1 1.8 2.2 2.4 3.5 2.5 2.7 4.2 4.3 3.9 2.9 1.8 1.1 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.6 1.7 3.4 3.5 TA BLE 67. Unemployment Rate! and Percent Distribution of the Unemployed, by A g e , Sex, and M ajor Occupation Group, 1966-71 Unem ployed as percent of civilian labor force in category Percent distribution of unemployed Major occupation group A ll age groups 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 44 years 45 years and over Experienced workers : 1 Num ber (thousands)........... Percent_________ __________ 1,347 Professional, technical, and kindred workers............. 1.0 Service workers, except private household............... Farm laborers and foremen------ --------------------- --------Laborers, except farm and m ine-------------------- ------- - 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 44 years 45 years and over 1966 M ale Managers, officials, and proprietors, except form — Clerical and kindred workers..........................- ............ Salesworkers_______________________________________ Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred w orkers.. . ........... Operatives and kindred workers......................- .........- A ll age groups 259 7.4 2.8 195 4.1 454 454 100.0 1.0 4.5 lT 7.2 2.4 3.1 .4 .9 1.9 1.7 3.0 2.7 4.2 5.6 3.8 .4 6.9 3.9 4.6 26.6 3.6 10.3 3.1 14.4 30.8 ST 7 5.1 3.1 3.7 23.5 30.1 3.0 4.7 2.4 oT .5 3. 5 3.8 2. 5 3.7 4.2 .8 1.0 1.5 4.3 4.8 7.3 9.9 5.3 9.8 5.3 5.4 7.4 3.1 4.2 1,054 3.9 202 190 5.3 IT IT 5.5 8.9 (2) 1.9 195 100.0 2.8 2.8 259 100.0 3.9 2.2 1,347 100.0 (*> 5.1 4.0 5.4 7.6 .4 .9 440 2.3 2.2 .6 20.1 26.5 10.8 19.3 8.2 3.9 19.9 7.9 6.2 30.1 3.6 19.0 18.0 385 3.8 277 1,054 202 100.0 190 385 100.0 100.0 2.7 IT (2) 3.5 8.4 (2) 1.8 1.0 1.0 1.1 2.0 6.6 6.6 2.6 440 100.0 4.3 1 4 6! 4 5.0 4.1 28.2 20.7 9.8 3.6 16.4 F em ale Experienced workers : 1 Number (thousands)........... Percent_________ __________ Professional, technical, and kindred workers............ Clerical and kindred workers...................... .................. Salesworkers...................... ............ .............. .................... Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred w orkers............ Operatives and kindred workers................................... Private household workers-------------------------------------Service workers, except private household................. Farm laborers and forem en............... ..................... . Laborers, except farm and m ine...... ...................... . 7.6 .8 1.6 3.1 4.1 3.4 6.3 4.2 5.2 3.7 12.2 10.6 5.1 10.4 12.9 (2) 8.1 10.8 9.2 (2) (2) 3.1 3.5 2.9 5.8 5.6 4.7 3.1 (2) 2.6 2.5 2.4 5.6 2.3 3.0 2.0 (2) 100.0 6.0 .1 1.8 iT 25.9 7.6 .9 25.8 7.8 20.8 2.0 29.2 11.4 .5 15.3 9.4 24.8 4.0 1.4 23.2 .5 2.0 1.6 8T T o" 1.6 18 30.5 6.8 1.1 19.5 6.8 26.8 5.5 .8 277 100.0 17 4 2 9 18! 8 8.3 1.1 28.6 7.3 19.3 313 7.9 18.4 1.8 1.0 1.4 1.8 1967* M ale Experienced workers : 1 Number (thousands)........... Percent................. .................. 1,326 2.7 294 8.4 Professional, technical, and kindred workers----------_______ Farmers and farm Trjanagp.rs Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm----Clerical and kindred workers— ................................. Salesworkers................................... ................................. Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers................. Operatives and kindred workers.................................. ________ Private bo,1Sfthold workers Service workers, except private household................ Farm laborers and foremen........................................... Laborers, except farm and mine-------- -------------------- 1.0 .2 .8 2.2 2.2 2.4 3.7 3.0 4.0 5.1 7.5 217 4.3 398 1.9 418 3.7 1.9 0.8 0.9 .4 3.8 7.0 5.5 2.0 2.8 .2 .8 1.6 2.0 2.6 6.2 8.6 (2) 9.4 7.1 4.0 3.1 5.1 1,326 100.0 294 217 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.4 5.9 6.0 2.9 4.1 5.7 7.0 .5 4.3 4.8 4.0 22.3 29.8 .3 7.0 4.3 5 20.8 .3 7.8 4.4 4.8 25.9 .3 16.3 7.8 31.0 2.3 3.0 4.8 .3 3.6 5.6 4.5 17.9 27.8 .6 1.3 1.4 2.0 2.7 (2) 2.4 3.8 2.2 .1 10.2 6.8 5.0 11.4 33.8 398 418 6.2 4.5 4.8 26.2 24.0 11.2 5.8 5.7 9.3 203 7.5 246 6.3 481 4.5 294 2.7 1,221 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.3 3.0 (2) 3.8 4.7 9.0 7.1 11.5 2.0 0.9 5.7 2.9 7.6 .4 4.4 26.4 7.6 .8 6.8 .2 .5 29.4 12.7 34.5 6.4 1.4 24.8 .8 6.0 1.2 16.7 6.9 26.5 2.5 24.9 5.2 16.5 33.9 5.2 17.4 1.6 1.2 2.1 1.0 4.1 19.6 7.8 1.7 33.8 8.1 17.6 2.4 .7 4.3 8.7 3.7 22.4 2.8 17.5 10.0 3.6 16.0 F emale Experienced workers : 1 Number (thousands)---------Percent.................................... 1,221 Professional, technical, and kindred workers............. Farmers and farm managers . _______ ___ Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm----Clerical and kindred workers---------------------------------Salesworkers------------------- ---------------------- ---------------Craftsmen foremen, and kindred workers Operatives and kindred workers--------------------- ------Private household workers.................................... . Service workers, except private household................. Farm laborers and foremen............................................ Laborers, except farm and mine........ .......................... 1.9 4.3 1.0 1.8 3.5 4.7 4.0 7.9 4.1 5.1 4.6 10.8 (2) 5.5 9.8 12.2 4.1 10.3 8.2 (2) 11.8 7.8 14.5 (2) 3.6 1.7 3.4 4.6 4.7 8.3 5.7 5.2 4.6 9.9 1.6 2.1 2.5 3.8 5.7 .1 1.8 1.0 29.3 2.6 6.1 2.9 2.9 13.7 18.8 2.0 1.1 203 2.0 246 481 294 100.0 1968 M ale Experienced workers : 1 N um ber (thousands)............ P ercent................................... 1,258 2.5 Professional, technical, and kindred workers............. Farmers and farm managers . ................................. Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm----Clerical and kindred workers......................................... Salesworkers...................................................................... Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers................. Operatives and kindred workers................................... Private household workers............................................. Service workers, except private household................. Farm laborers and foremen............................................. Laborers, except farm and m ine.................................... L0 .2 .8 2.1 1.7 2.3 3.4 (J) 3.9 4.4 7.1 241 4.8 372 1.7 358 241 372 8.1 1.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.9 2.3 .7 .9 6.2 6.8 2.2 .2 .6 1.0 5.2 .3 4.4 5.7 3.8 18.3 27.2 .1 10.4 3.8 20.7 2.1 (2) 6.4 4.8 .3 7.0 3.8 5.6 26.1 2.5 8.7 5.0 10.4 33.6 .3 5.1 3.8 3.0 24.1 30.3 17.8 7.0 30.3 22.8 288 8.4 3.9 4.1 3.0 5.7 .9 1.9 2.5 9.6 6.4 10.3 6.3 3.3 10.3 2.4 3.2 5.5 6.2 .1 .9 1.4 1.3 2.4 2.3 (J) 2.3 3.9 4.7 1,258 288 8.7 2.1 7.0 2.4 17.3 358 100.0 5.0 .6 8.4 4.7 3.6 28.2 20.9 .3 9.2 3.9 15.1 See fo o tn o te s a t end o f table. 141 T A B L E 67. Unemployment Rates and Percent Distribution of the Unemployed, by A g e , Sex, and M ajo r Occupation Group, 1966-71 — Continued Major occupation group Unemployed as percent of civilian labor force in category All age groups F 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 44 45 years years ' and over All age groups 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 44 years 419 100.0 45 y ears and over 1968—Continued em ale Experienced workers:1 Number (thousands)______ Percent__________________ 1,150 4.0 220 8.0 256 6.1 Professional, technical, and kindred workers........... Farmers and farm managers_____________________ Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm___ Clerical and kindred workers____________________ Salesworkers__________ ______ __________________ Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers________ Operatives and kindred workers________ _________ Private household workers............. .................. ...... Service workers, except private household________ Farm laborers and foremen______ ______ ______ _ Laborers, except farm and mine........................ ........ 1.6 6.0 2.5 6.7 4.3 11.3 (2) 10.1 9.4 9.7 (2) (2) M Percent distribution of unemployed 1.6 3.3 4.2 4.3 6.8 4.0 5.1 4.1 11.1 (2) 6.2 7.3 (2) 13.3 5.0 10.7 10.7 (2) 419 3.8 256 2.3 1,150 100.0 220 100.0 255 100.0 1.5 .9 5.3 2.3 6.6 6.2 5.1 2.6 2.9 3.7 4.9 6.7 6.0 4.7 3.8 11.3 .9 2.0 2.1 3.2 4.8 2.0 2.2 1.4 (2) 1.8 27.7 7.4 1.2 26.9 6.1 20.4 1.8 1.4 .5 30.9 9.5 .5 16.4 7.7 27.3 2.7 2.3 1.6 33.5 8.9 .8 20.6 3.9 21.8 1.6 .8 2.1 25.3 5.3 1.7 31.7 6.0 18.4 1.9 1.4 2.7 23.4 7.4 2.0 34.0 7.0 16.0 1.2 1.2 256 100.0 1969 ale Experienced workers:1 Number (thousands)______ Percent.............................. . 1,233 2.5 298 7.9 251 4.8 355 1.7 330 1.7 1,233 100.0 298 100.0 251 100.0 355 100.0 330 100.0 Professional, technical, and kindred workers______ Farmers and farm managers_____________________ Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm___ Clerical and kindred workers________ ____ ______ _ Salesworkers___________________________________ Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers________ Operatives and kindred workers_________________ Private household workers___________ _____ Service workers, except private household________ Farm laborers and foremen______________________ Laborers, except farm and mine____ _____ ________ 1.0 .1 .8 2.2 1.8 2.1 3.4 (2) 4.0 4.2 6.6 5.7 (2) (2) 5.8 5.0 6.2 8.5 (2) 9.7 5.8 9.6 2.3 (2) 2.6 3.5 4.1 3.3 5.4 (2) 6.5 5.0 (2) .7 .9 .1 .7 1.3 1.4 2.2 2.2 (2) 2.3 3.5 4.2 5.4 .2 4.2 6.2 4.0 17.4 28.0 .2 10.8 3.4 20.4 2.0 .3 .7 6.4 4.1 5.8 27.1 6.8 7.0 .7 1.5 1.0 1.6 2.5 (2) 2.2 3.1 5.1 2.8 8.0 4.4 11.2 32.3 5.6 5.9 3.1 21.4 31.2 18.6 6.1 28.8 9.2 2.4 23.1 6.7 2.2 16.9 6.0 .3 6.9 4.8 4.5 27.8 22.1 .3 9.4 3.3 14.5 Experienced workers:1 Number (thousands).......... Percent__________________ 1,185 3.9 224 7.7 260 5.7 433 3.8 268 2.3 1,185 100.0 224 100.0 260 100.0 433 100.0 268 100.0 Professional, technical, and kindred workers______ Farmers and farm managers.._____ ______________ Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm___ Clerical and kindred workers____________________ Salesworkers____ ____ ______________ ______ _____ Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers.............. Operatives and kindred workers.............................. Private household workers______________ ________ Service workers, except private household________ Farm laborers and foremen____________ _____ ____ Laborers, except farm and mine_______ _____ ____ 1.9 6.6 2.9 2.0 1.0 6.5 2.7 8.1 8.3 5.6 1.9 3.3 4.3 3.4 6.6 3.6 4.6 3.6 8.6 (2) 5.9 7.5 (2) 13.1 5.1 10.1 (2) (2) 4.3 4.2 9.9 (2) 9.9 7.6 7.9 (2) (2) 2.3 3.2 4.2 2.8 6.4 4.9 4.4 2.4 10.7 1.4 2.0 2.2 3.3 4.8 1.9 2.0 2.6 2.8 2.0 29.1 7.7 1.0 26.9 5.0 19.1 1.5 1.2 30.8 10.7 1.4 17.0 7.1 27.7 1.8 1.8 1.2 35.8 8.1 .4 22.7 2.7 18.8 1.2 1.2 2.3 27.8 6.0 .9 30.3 4.4 17.4 1.2 1.4 4.1 23.2 7.9 1.9 33.7 6.0 15.0 2.2 .4 F em ale M 1970 ale Experienced workers:1 Number (thousands)______ Percent__________________ 2, 009 3.9 Professional, technical, and kindred workers.......... Farmers and farm m anagers.____ ___ M anagers, officials, and proprietors, except farm___ Cl erical and kindred workers .......... . Salesworkers_______________ . Cr aftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers________ Op eratives and kindred workers ______ Pri vate household workers_____ ____ ___ . . . Ser vice workers, except private household_____ ... Far m laborers and foremen___ _ Lab orers, except farm and mine___________ ______ 1.8 (2) 1.2 3.4 2.7 3.8 5.9 ( 2) 5.1 6.0 9.4 418 10.9 8.8 443 7.8 635 j 2.9 1 513 2.6 3.5 1.4 .2 1.0 2.5 1.6 3.6 4.7 1.6 .1 .8 1.9 1.9 3.5 i 3.7 j (2) (2) 8.0 6.9 9.9 13.1 (2) 11.7 7.6 12.5 3.5 6.4 6.4 6.7 9.9 ( 2) 7.4 7.4 14.2 (2) 3.2 5.0 7.7 j (2) 3.1 4.6 6.0 ! i i 2,009 100.0 418 1 100.0 6.3 .1 4.2 6.1 3.9 19.1 30.1 1.9 , , 1......... ..| .5 6.2 4.3 6.7 ; , 29.3 (2) 8.7 2.9 18.6 443 100.0 5.9 , .2 2.5 9.0 , 4.5 14.0 34.0 635 1 100.0 8.8 ; .2 1 5.0 5.3 1 3.0 23.0 32.5 (2) (2) ( 2) 17.0 5.8 28.3 6.5 2.3 21.2 5.5 1.9 14.8 513 100.0 7.0 .2 7A 4.7 3.9 28.8 24.1 (2) 8.0 2.7 13.2 F emale Expe rienced workers:1 Number (thousands)______ Percent__________ ________ 1,573 5.0 Professional, technical, and kindred workers.......... Farmers and farm managers Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm___ Clerical and kindred workers _______ . Salesworkers_______________ Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers Operatives and kindred workers ........... Private household workers_____________ . . Service workers, except private household............... Farm laborers and foremen....................................... Laborers, except farm and mine__________________ 2.3 See fo o tn o te s a t end of tab le. 142FRASER Digitized for 285 9.4 7.6 1. 0 2.1 4.3 5.3 3.9 9.5 4.3 5.7 4.3 11.8 355 7.3 3.4 (2) (2) 7.0 9.3 18.6 5.5 11.8 12.7 (2) 5.2 5.8 9.0 (2) 14.1 12.8 9.7 9.6 (2) 569 4.9 364 3.1 1,573 100.0 285 100.0 355 100.0 569 100.0 364 100.0 2.3 1.3 .6 1.3 2.6 2.9 3. 7 6.9 2.5 3.0 2.4 6.4 2.5 7.6 8.3 5.5 .4 29.2 11.3 1.4 37.4 6.5 .6 22.8 3.4 18.5 .8 1.1 2.3 27.6 6.2 1.1 33.3 3.2 16.0 .9 1.2 2.7 23.0 7.7 1.6 35.2 5.5 16.7 1.4 .8 (2) 2.8 3.9 5.5 4.5 9.4 5.3 5.0 2.9 12.1 (2) .1 1.8 29.0 7.5 .9 28.7 4.4 18.9 1.3 1.1 18.7 6.3 28.2 2.1 1.4 T A B L E 67. Unemployment Rates and Percent Distribution of the Unemployed, by A g e , Sex, and M ajor Occupation Group, 1966-71 ---Continued Unemployed as percent of civilian labor force in category Percent distribution of unemployed Major occupation group All age groups 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 44 years 45 years and over All age groups 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 44 years 45 years and over 1971 M ale Experienced workers:1 Number (thousands)-------Percent__________________ 2,486 4.8 457 11.6 594 9.7 816 3.7 620 3.1 2,486 100.0 457 100.0 594 100.0 816 100.0 620 100.0 Professional, technical, and kindred workers______ Farmers and farm managers_____ __ ___________ Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm___ Clerical and kindred workers____________________ Salesworkers___________________________________ Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers________ Operatives and kindred workers_________________ Private household workers Service workers, except private household________ Farm laborers and foremen_____ ________________ Laborers, except farm and mine__________________ 2.7 .3 1.5 4.1 3.2 4.7 7.0 .9 6.3 5.8 10.9 11.4 1.6 5.9 8.4 7.5 10.2 13.4 1.0 13.6 7.2 13.0 5.5 1.0 4.4 7.9 6.5 7.4 11.9 8.1 11.8 8.3 16.9 2.4 .5 1.5 3.0 2.0 4.0 5.6 2.1 .3 1.2 2.3 2.4 4.3 4.6 7.6 .2 4.4 5.7 3.9 19.4 27.1 2.4 .4 5.5 4.4 6.8 25.2 6.7 .2 2.7 8.2 4.0 13.6 30.1 11.3 .2 5.9 4.9 3.1 23.4 28.8 7.6 .5 7.1 4.5 4.4 28.9 23.4 3.8 4.9 9.3 3.3 3.9 7.0 10.9 2.3 18.5 22.1 5.0 28.1 10.8 1.8 21.8 6.1 1.5 14.7 8.7 1.8 13.2 Experienced workers:1 Number (thousands)_____ Percent_________________ 1,877 5.9 299 9.9 443 8.8 707 6.0 430 3.6 1,877 100.0 299 100.0 443 100.0 707 100.0 430 100.0 Professional, technical, and kindred workers______ 3.2 .3 2.3 5.1 5.7 6.0 11.3 4.6 6.8 4.3 10.0 8.2 10.6 13.1 8.3 9.0 14.1 18.5 4.5 11.7 11.2 14.1 5.1 1.7 5.7 6.7 11.9 7.8 17.5 10.7 12.0 7.0 17.0 3.3 1.8 7.7 2.3 9.3 9.5 6.5 2.6 5.1 5.2 6.3 11.4 6.6 6.4 3.7 10.7 1.6 2.8 2.9 4.0 8.4 3.0 3.5 2.1 4.3 1.9 28.8 6.9 1.3 27.0 3.7 20.3 1.0 1.5 .7 30.5 10.7 1.0 16.1 5.0 29.5 2.0 2.0 1.4 35.1 7.5 .7 21.1 2.0 21.1 .5 1.4 2.0 28.5 5.0 1.6 29.9 3.1 18.1 .8 1.6 3.3 21.7 6.5 1.6 36.2 5.4 16.8 .9 .9 F emale F a r m p r s a n d fa rm m a n a g e r s Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm___ Clerical and kindred workers____________________ Salesworkers___________________________________ Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers________ Operatives and kindred workers_________________ Private household workers______________________ Service workers, except private household________ Farm laborers and foremen______________________ Laborers, except farm and mine__________________ 1 The base for the unemployment rate includes the employed, classified according to their current job, and the unemployed, classified according to their latest civilian job, if any; excludes unemployed persons who never held a full-time civilian job. 2 Percent not shown where base is less than 50,000. 3 Beginning with 1967, data may not be strictly comparable to prior years because of basic changes in the concepts and definitions introduced in January 1967. 143 T A B L E 68. Unemployed Persons and Percent Distribution of the Unemployed, by Duration of Unemployment, 1947-71 [Persons 16 years of age and over] Period Total Less than 5 weeks 5 and 6 weeks 7 to 10 weeks 15 weeks and o1per 11 to 14 weeks Total 15 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over Average duration Number unemployed (thousands) 1947______ _____________ ____ ____________ 1948________________________________ . . . . . 1949_____________________________________ 1960...__________________________________ 1951_____________________________________ 1952_____________________________________ 1953 1____ _______________________________ 1954____________________ i _______________ 1955_____________________________________ 1956_____________________________________ 1957_____________________________________ 1958_____________________________________ 1959_____________________________________ 1960 1_______________________________________ 1961_____________________________________ 19621____ _______________________________ 1963_____________________________________ 1964_____________________________________ 1965_____________________________________ 1966_____________________________________ 1967 2____________________________________ 1968_____________________________________ 1969_____________________________________ 1970______ ______________________________ 1971______ ______________________________ 2,311 2, 276 3,637 3,288 2,055 1,883 1,834 3,532 2,852 2, 750 2,859 4,602 3, 740 3,854 4,714 3,911 4,070 3,786 3,366 2,875 2,975 2,817 2,831 4,088 4,993 1,210 1,300 1,756 1,450 1,177 1,135 1,142 1,605 1,335 1,412 1,408 1,753 1,585 1,719 1,806 1,659 1,751 1,697 1,628 1,535 1,635 1,594 1,629 2,137 2,234 203 208 309 275 169 168 149 306 230 234 258 363 304 324 377 334 358 314 286 252 278 247 263 394 456 308 297 555 479 252 223 209 604 368 360 392 596 474 499 587 478 519 483 422 346 397 367 364 564 687 193 164 331 301 153 126 124 305 217 211 240 438 335 353 411 323 354 319 276 206 218 197 200 331 435 398 309 683 782 303 232 211 812 703 533 560 1,452 1,040 956 1,532 1,119 1,088 973 755 536 449 412 375 662 1,181 234 193 427 425 166 148 132 495 367 301 321 785 469 502 728 534 535 490 404 295 271 256 242 427 665 164 116 256 357 137 84 79 317 336 232 239 667 571 454 804 585 553 482 351 241 177 156 133 235 517 8.6 10.0 12.1 9.7 8.4 8.0 11.8 13.0 11.3 10.5 13.9 14.4 12.8 15.6 14.7 14.0 13.3 11.8 10.4 8.8 8.5 8.0 8.8 11.4 3,406 3,794 3,733 3,552 3,384 4,669 4,510 4,220 4, 292 4, 259 4,607 4,636 1,935 1,928 1,734 1,836 1,744 2,920 2,313 2,144 2,473 2, 254 2,284 2,083 338 426 352 272 300 350 693 381 316 534 443 421 435 618 505 387 454 450 721 694 485 563 745 708 252 302 449 285 226 291 283 403 362 232 415 472 447 620 692 772 660 658 599 598 655 676 720 951 308 358 482 537 416 425 341 349 400 446 437 624 139 162 210 235 243 232 258 249 255 230 283 328 7.7 8.2 9.5 9.5 9.6 7.6 8.4 8.6 8.3 8.4 9.1 10.2 5,414 5,442 5,175 4,694 4,394 6,490 5,330 5,061 4,840 4,570 4,815 4,695 2,487 2,154 1,868 1,882 1,850 2,976 2,348 2,294 2,553 2,084 2,244 2,068 508 603 490 361 342 420 741 342 343 475 427 416 762 926 708 591 554 590 772 893 616 622 661 645 521 579 690 395 336 336 339 457 398 285 425 462 1,136 1,179 1,419 1,466 1,310 1,167 1,131 1,074 1,030 1,104 1,058 1,104 724 728 895 948 768 607 516 527 516 578 564 604 413 451 524 518 542 560 615 547 514 526 494 499 10.1 10.5 12.2 12.6 12.5 10.3 10.8 11.2 11.1 12.1 11.5 11.9 17. 2 13.6 18.8 23.8 14. 7 12.3 11.5 23.0 24. 6 19.4 19 6 31.6 27.8 24 8 32.5 28.6 26.7 25.7 22.4 18.6 15.1 14.6 13.3 16.2 23.7 10 1 8.5 11.8 12.9 8.1 7.9 7.2 14.0 12.9 10.9 11.2 17.1 12.5 13.0 15.4 13.6 13.1 12.9 12.0 10.3 9.1 9.1 8.5 10.4 13.3 7.1 5.1 7.0 10.9 6.7 4.5 4.3 9.0 11.8 8.4 8.4 14.5 15.3 11.8 17.1 15.0 13.6 12.7 10.4 8.4 5.9 5.5 4.7 5.7 10.4 1970 January----------- --------------------------------------February________________________________ March___________________________________ April______ _____________________________ May------------ ------------------------------------------June____________________________________ July____________________________________ August_____ ___________________ _________ September------ ---------------------------------------October_________________________________ November_______________________________ December------------ ---------- ----------------------1971 January_______ _________________________ February________________________________ March___________________________________ April................... ........................................ May____ ____ _____ _____________ - June_____________________________: --------July_____ _________ _____ ____ ____________ August____ _____________________________ September_______________________________ October_______________________ __________ November_______________________________ December_____ ________________ ____ ____ Percent distribution 1947 . ____________ 1948__________________________ _____ _____ 1949_____ _______________________ _____ _ 1950 _____ 1951 ____ 1952__________ ________________ _____ 19531. . ___________________________ 1954.. . . .................... 1955 . . . 1956. ‘ ___ 1957 1958............... . 1959__________ . ___ 19601 1961__________ .. _. 19621. . _ 1963____ . 1964 . 1965......... 1966_____________________________________ 1967 2_..................... 1968............. 1969_______ 1970............... .......... 1971________ _ See footnotes at end of table. 144 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100,0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100.0 52.4 67.2 48.3 44.1 57.3 60. 2 62.2 45.5 46.8 61. 3 49.3 38i 1 42.4 44. 6 38] 3 42.4 43.0 44.8 48 4 53] 4 54.9 56.6 57 5 52] 3 44. 7 8.8 9.1 8.5 8.4 8. 2 8.9 8.1 8.7 8.1 8.5 9.0 7.9 8.1 8.4 8.0 8.5 8.8 8.3 85 8.'8 9. 3 8.8 93 9.'6 9.1 13.3 13.0 15.3 14.6 12.3 11.8 11.4 14.3 12.9 12.1 13. 7 1 3 ]0 12. 7 13.0 12] 5 12. 2 12.8 12.8 12.5 12.0 13.3 13.0 12.9 13.9 13.8 8. 4 7.2 9.1 9.2 7] 4 6.7 6.8 8.6 7.6 7. 7 8.4 9.6 9.0 9. 2 8.7 8.3 8.7 8.4 8 2 7.2 7.3 7.0 7.1 8.1 8.7 T A B L E 68. Unemployed Persons and Percent Distribution of the Unemployed, by Duration of Unemployment, 1 9 4 7 -7 1 — Con, [Persons 16 years of age and over] Total Period Less than 5 weeks 5 and 6 weeks 7 to 10 weeks 15 weeks and over 11 to 14 weeks Total 15 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over Average duration Percent distribution 1970 April _ __________ _____ _______ May - - ______________________ June - __- ____________________ July ________________ ____ ________ August. _ _ __________________ September _ _ _________________ October _____________________________ N ovem ber Decern her Janiiarv _ ____________ __________ — ........... ......... . 1971 February............................ .................................. March ................................................................ April _ _ _ _________________ May _ __________________ June _ _ _ __ ______________________ J u ly ........................ ............................................. August .................... ........... .......................S e p te m b e r..........................__............ - .......... October _ _ _ _______ N ovem ber _ ............. - ......................... D e c e m b e r .................... _............ ..................... 1See footnote 1, table 1. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 56.8 50.8 46.5 51.7 51.5 62.5 51.3 50.8 57.6 52.9 49.6 44.9 9.9 11.2 9.4 7.7 8.9 7.5 13.2 9.0 7.4 12.5 9.6 9.1 12.8 16.3 13.5 10.9 13.4 9.6 16.0 16.4 11.3 13.2 16.2 15.3 7.4 8.0 12.0 8.0 6.7 6.2 6.3 9.5 8.4 5.4 9.0 10.2 13.1 13.7 18.5 21.7 19.5 14.1 13.3 14.2 15.3 15.9 15.6 20.5 9.0 9.4 12.9 15.1 12.3 9.1 7.6 8.3 9.3 10.5 9.5 13.5 4.1 4.3 5.6 6.6 7.2 5.0 5.7 5.9 5.9 5.4 6.1 7.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 45.9 39.6 36.1 40.1 42.1 54.2 44.0 45.3 52.7 45.6 46.6 44.1 9.4 11.1 9.5 7.7 7.8 7.7 13.9 6.8 7.1 10.4 8.9 8.9 14.1 17.0 13.7 12.6 12.6 10.7 14.5 17.6 10.7 13.6 13.7 13.7 9.6 10.6 13.3 8.4 7.7 6.1 6.4 9.0 8.2 6.2 8.8 9.8 21.0 21.7 27.4 31.2 29.8 21.3 21.2 21.2 21.3 24.2 22.0 23.5 13.4 13.4 17.3 20.2 17.5 11.1 9.7 10.4 10.7 12.6 11.7 12.9 7.6 8.3 10.1 11.0 12.3 10.2 11.5 10.8 10.6 11.5 10.3 10.6 2 Data for 1937 m ay not be strictly comparable to prior years because of basic changes in the concepts and definitions introduced in January 1967. 145 T A B L E 69. Long-Term Unemployment Compared with Total Unemployment, by Sex, A g e , and Color, 1957-71 [Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over for 1957-66; 16 years and over for 1966-71] 1957 Item 1958 1959 I9601 1961 1962 1 1963 1964 1965 1966 1966 2 1967 3 1968 1969 1970 3,456 109.0 2,976 100.0 2,875 100.0 2,975 100.0 2,817 100.0 2,831 100.0 4,088 100.0 4, 993 100. 0 1971 Total unemployed Total: Number,________ _________ 2,936 Percent........... ...................... 100.0 4,681 100.0 3,813 100.0 3,931 100.0 4,806 100.0 4,007 100.0 4,166 100.0 3,876 100.0 Sex and A ge Male______ _____ ________________ 64.5 67.4 64.9 64.6 63.7 62.1 60.9 58.6 57.3 54.6 54.0 50.7 50.4 49.6 54.7 55.6 14 to 19 years____ _____________ 14 to 17_____ ________ ____ 18 and 19............................... 20 to 24 years_________________ 25 to 44 years_______ ________ _ 45 to 64 years............ .................. 65 years and over.................... . 12.0 6.5 5.4 9.6 22.3 17.8 2.8 10.1 5.2 4.9 10.2 26.4 18.0 2.7 11.8 6.4 5.4 9.0 23.3 17.8 2.9 12.2 6.5 5.7 9.4 23.1 17.5 2.4 11.3 5.9 5.4 9.5 22.7 17.6 2.5 11.8 6.3 5.5 9.5 21.2 17.0 2.6 13.6 7.5 6.1 9.5 19.9 15.5 2.3 14.3 8.3 5.9 9.9 17.2 15.0 2.2 15.8 9.1 6.7 9.0 16.7 13.7 2.2 16.9 9.8 7.1 • 7.4 15.4 12.7 2.2 15.0 7.6 7.4 7.7 15.9 13.1 2.3 15.0 8.1 6.9 7.9 13.6 12.2 2.0 15.2 8.3 6.9 9.2 13.4 10.5 2.2 15.6 8.6 7.0 9.5 12.7 10.0 1.7 14.7 7.5 7.2 11.7 15.7 10.9 1.7 13.8 6. 9 6.9 12.7 16.6 11. 1 1.4 Female.............................................. 35.5 32.6 35.1 35.4 36.3 37.9 39.1 41.4 42.7 45.4 46.0 49.3 49.6 50.4 45.3 44.4 14 to 19 years.............................. 14 to 17___________ _____ 18 and 19_....... ..................... 20 to 24 years............................... 25 to 44 years...................... ........ 45 to 64 years....... ...... ............. . 65 years and over....... ................ 7.6 3.9 3.6 5.0 14.3 7.7 1.0 6.1 2.9 3.2 4.8 13.4 7.7 .7 7.2 3.4 3.8 5.2 13.3 8.7 .6 7.9 3.8 4.1 5.5 13.1 8.2 .6 7.9 3.6 4.3 5.5 13.4 8.7 .7 8.6 3.9 4.7 6.4 13.7 8.3 .9 9.9 4.9 5.1 6.3 13.8 8.4 .7 10.6 5.2 5.3 7.1 14.0 8.9 .9 12.1 5.4 6.7 7.1 14.4 8.2 .8 14.6 6.9 7.7 7.5 13.7 8.7 .9 14.0 6.1 8.0 7.8 14.2 9.0 .9 13.1 5.4 7.8 9.3 16.7 9.3 .9 14.6 6.4 8.3 10.1 15.5 8.4 1.0 14.6 6.8 7.8 10.2 15.9 8.9 .'8 12.4 5.7 6.7 9.4 14.4 8.3 .8 11. 3 5. 0 6. 4 9. 7 14. 5 8.0 .8 80.1 80.0 78.8 79.6 79.5 78.1 78.8 79.1 79.7 78.2 78.4 78.6 79.0 79.9 81.6 81.5 51.8 28.3 54.2 25.8 51.0 27.8 51.7 27.9 51. G 28.5 49.1 28.9 48.7 30.1 47.2 31.9 46.4 33.3 43.5 34.7 43.1 35.2 40.6 38.0 40.6 38.5 40.2 39.7 45.4 36.2 46.1 35.5 Negro and other races....................... 19.9 20.0 21.2 20.4 20.5 21.9 21.2 20.9 20.3 21.8 21.6 21.4 21.0 20.1 18.4 18.4 Male............................................ Female........................................ 12.7 7.2 13.2 6.8 13.8 7.4 12.9 7.5 12.7 7.8 12.9 9.0 12.2 9.0 11.4 9.5 10.9 9.4 11.0 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.1 11.4 9.8 11.1 9.4 10.7 9.3 9.1 9. 5 8.9 C olor and Sex White.............. ................................ Male.............. .............. .............. Female_____ ______ __________ Unemployed 15 weeks and over 560 Total: Number................................. Percent. ......... ...................... 100.0 Sex and A ge Male................................................ . 1,452 100. 0 1,040 100.0 956 109.0 1,532 100.0 1,119 100.0 1,088 100.0 973 100. 0 755 100.0 536 100.0 525 100.0 449 100.0 412 100.0 375 100.0 662 100.0 1,181 100.0 68.9 72.7 71.0 69.5 69.3 67.4 65.7 62.3 60.8 61.6 61.6 56.8 55.0 54.0 60.1 62.1 14 to 19 years............................... 14 to 17__________________ 18 and 19............................... 20 to 24 years............................. 25 to 44 years................. ............ 45 to 64 years_______ _________ 65 y e a r s and o v e r ............................... 8.2 4.1 4.1 7.6 22.0 25.7 5.7 7.3 3.2 4.1 9.5 29.0 22.7 3.9 8.8 4.4 4.4 8.5 26.4 22.9 4.4 8.7 4.2 4.5 8.6 24.0 24.3 3.9 7.8 3.3 4.4 9.2 25.0 22.8 4.5 8.1 3.7 4.4 8.4 22.2 24.2 4.6 9.7 4.3 5.3 8.1 21.2 22.6 4.1 9.8 5.6 4.2 7.6 17.9 22.9 4.1 10.6 5.6 4.9 6.8 18.3 21.1 4.1 11.0 5.8 5.2 5.8 18.4 22.0 4.5 9.7 4.4 5.3 5.9 18.8 22.4 4.8 10.2 5.3 4.9 5.5 16.6 19.5 4.9 8.5 4.9 3.6 6.1 16.5 18.7 5.1 9.1 4.8 4.3 7.5 15.2 18.4 3.7 9.2 4.5 4.7 10.0 18.9 17.8 4. 2 9.3 4.1 5.2 12.1 21.2 16.8 2.7 Female.......... ............ ...................... 31.1 27.3 29.0 30.5 30.7 32.6 34.3 37.7 39.2 38.4 38.4 43.2 45.0 46.0 39.9 37.9 14 to 19 years.............................. 14 to 17 ................................ 18 and 19....... ......... ......... . 20 to 24 years.............................. 25 to 44 years................. ............ 45 to 64 years............................... 65 years and over........................ 4.3 1.6 2.7 3.4 13.2 9.3 1.1 2.9 1.0 1.9 3.4 12.8 7.5 .7 3.5 1.2 2.3 4.0 11.1 9.8 .6 4.3 1.7 2.6 4.7 12.0 8.6 .8 3.9 1.2 2.7 4.3 12.3 9.3 .9 4.9 1.8 3.1 4.2 13.0 9.3 1.2 5.6 2.3 3.3 4.3 13.2 10.2 .9 6.1 2.5 3.6 5.9 13.9 10.4 1.4 8.2 3.1 5.2 4.9 14.0 10.7 1.3 8.9 4.3 4.7 4.3 12.7 10.8 1.7 8.4 3.6 4.8 4.6 12.7 11.0 1.7 9.1 2.7 6.4 6.4 14.2 11.8 1.8 9.5 4.4 5.1 7.5 16.1 10.2 1.7 8.6 3.2 5.3 7.2 15.8 12.8 1.6 7.1 3.2 3.9 6.9 14.0 10.6 1.2 5.8 1.9 3.8 7. 1 14.2 9.8 1.0 White................................................. 77.4 78.0 75.7 75.1 77.5 74.1 74.0 77.1 77.0 76.3 76.4 76.7 79.3 78.9 81.3 80.9 Male........................................ . Female........................................ 53.0 24.4 56.7 21.3 53.4 22.4 52.4 22.7 53.9 23.6 50.7 23.4 49.4 24.6 49.2 27.9 47.9 29.2 48.5 27.8 48.5 27.9 44.9 31.8 45.5 33.8 44.5 34.4 50.0 31.3 51.1 30.0 Negro and other races....................... 22.6 22.0 24.3 24.9 22.5 25.9 26.0 22.9 22.9 23.7 23.6 23.3 20.7 21.1 18.7 19.0 Male............................................ Female.................... ................... 15.8 6.8 16.0 6.0 17.9 6.4 17.1 7.8 15.3 7.2 16.7 9.2 16.4 9.7 13.3 9.7 13.0 9.9 13.2 10.4 13.1 10.5 11.8 11.6 9.7 10.9 9.6 11.5 10.0 8.8 11.0 8.0 C o lor a n d Se x See footnotes at end of table. T A B L E 69. Long-Term Unemployment Compared with Tstal Unemployment, by Sex, A g e , and Color, 1 9 5 7 -7 1 — Continued [Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over for 1957-66; 16 years and over for 1968-71] Item 1957 1958 1959 19601 1961 19621 1963 1984 1965 1966 19662 1967 3 1968 1969 1970 1971 U n e m p l o y e d 27 w e e k s a n d o v e r 239 1 0 0 .0 667 1 0 0 .0 571 1 0 0 .0 454 1 0 0 .0 804 1 0 0 .0 585 1 0 0 .0 553 1 0 0 .0 48 2 1 0 0 .0 351 1 0 0 .0 241 1 0 0 .0 239 1 0 0 .0 179 1 0 0 .0 156 1 0 0 .0 133 1 0 0 .0 235 1 0 0 .0 517 1 0 0 .0 M a l e ------------------------ -------------------------------------- 7 0 .7 7 3 .6 7 2 .6 7 2 .2 7 0 .7 6 9 .8 6 9 .3 6 4 .8 6 5 .0 6 6 .9 6 6 .4 6 1 .5 6 1 .5 5 6 .1 6 2 .4 6 2 .3 14 t o 19 y e a r s ------------------------------------14 to 17................................................. 18 a n d 1 9 ________________________ 20 t o 24 y e a r s ________________________ 25 t o 4 4 y e a r s ________________________ 45 t o 64 y e a r s ________________________ 65 year’s a n d o v e r ___________________ 6 .3 3 .3 3 .0 5 .9 2 1 .8 2 9 .7 7 .5 6 .3 2 .7 3 .6 9 .6 2 8 .2 2 4 .2 5 .3 7 .5 3 .5 3 .8 7 .8 2 7 .8 2 4 .8 4 .7 7 .3 3 .5 3 .7 7 .7 2 4 .2 2 7 .4 5 .6 6 .5 2 .4 4 .0 8 .1 2 4 .8 2 5 .9 5 .6 7 .3 3 .4 3 .9 7 .7 2 3 .0 2 6 .6 5 .3 9 .0 3 .8 5 .2 7 .8 2 0 .4 2 6 .4 5 .6 8 .8 4 .7 3 .9 6 .4 1 6 .0 2 8 .0 5 .6 9 .1 5 .1 4 .0 6 .6 1 9 .1 2 5 .1 5 .1 7 .5 2 .9 4 .6 3 .8 2 1 .3 2 8 .9 5 .4 6 .7 2 .1 4 .6 3 .8 2 1 .4 2 9 .0 5 .5 8 .4 3 .9 4 .5 5 .0 1 5 .1 2 5 .7 7 .3 7 .1 4 .5 2 .6 7 .1 1 7 .3 2 3 .1 7 .1 5 .3 2 .3 3 .0 6 .1 1 6 .7 2 2 .7 5 .3 5 .5 3 .4 2 .1 9 .3 2 0 .3 2 1 .5 5 .9 7. 2 2 .7 4 .4 1 .0 2 1 .3 1 9 .3 3 .5 F e m a l e _____________________________________ 2 9 .3 2 6 .4 2 7 .4 2 7 .8 2 9 .3 3 0 .2 3 0 .7 3 5 .2 3 5 .0 3 3 .1 3 3 .6 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 4 3 .9 3 7 .6 3 7 .9 3 .4 2 .3 3 .1 .7 2 .4 3 .6 1 2 .0 9 .7 1 .0 4 .1 1 .2 2 .9 3 .7 1 1 .8 9 .0 1 .5 4 .2 1 .8 2 .4 4 .0 1 1 .4 1 0 .3 .9 4 .9 2 .1 2 .9 5 .6 1 2 .1 1 0 .5 2 .1 5 .1 2 .0 3 .1 4 .0 1 3 .7 1 0 .5 1 .7 6 .7 2 .5 4 .2 3 .8 9 .6 1 0 .9 2 .1 6 .3 2 .1 4 .2 3 .8 1 0 .1 1 0 .9 2 .5 6 .7 1 .7 5 .0 4 .5 1 1 .2 1 2 .8 3 .4 7 .1 2 .6 4 .5 7 .1 1 2 .2 1 1 .5 1 .3 8 .3 2 .3 6 .1 6 .1 1 5 .2 1 2 .9 1 .5 4 .2 1 .3 3 .0 5 .9 1 3 .9 1 1 .8 1 .7 5 .0 1 .5 3 .5 6 .0 1 4 .1 1 1 .4 1 .4 7 6 .4 7 1 .6 7 1 .8 7 4 .7 7 4 .6 7 5 .4 7 5 .3 7 4 .7 7 8 .8 7 8 .2 8 0 .0 8 1 .4 5 3 .7 2 2 .7 5 0 .4 2 1 .2 5 0 .8 2 1 .0 5 0 .2 2 4 .5 4 9 .6 2 5 .1 5 2 .5 2 2 .9 5 2 .3 2 3 .0 4 6 .6 2 8 .1 5 0 .0 2 8 .8 4 5 .9 3 2 .3 5 2 .3 2 7 .7 5 1 .8 2 9 .8 2 8 .4 2 8 .2 2 5 .3 2 5 .4 2 4 .6 2 4 .7 2 5 .3 2 1 .2 2 1 .8 2 0 .0 1 8 .6 1 9 .3 9 .1 1 8 .4 9 .8 1 4 .7 1 0 .6 1 5 .4 1 0 .0 1 4 .2 1 0 .4 1 4 .2 1 0 .5 1 5 .2 1 0 .1 1 1 .5 9 .6 1 0 .5 1 1 .3 1 0 .2 9 .8 1 0 .4 8 .1 T o t a l : N u m b e r ____________ _________ _____ P e r c e n t ____________________________ Se x and A ge to 19 y e a r s ________________________ 14 t o 1 7 __________________________ 18 t o 19___________________________ 20 t o 24 y e a r s ________________________ 25 t o 44 y e a r s ________________________ 45 t o 64 y e a r s ________________________ 65 y e a r s a n d o v e r ___________________ C olor a n d Se x W h i t e . . . _____ _____________________________ 14 .8 .9 2 .5 2 .1 1 2 .6 1 0 .0 1 .3 1 .4 3 .2 1 2 .2 8 .0 2 .6 .7 1 .9 3 .7 1 0 .0 1 0 .5 .9 .6 3 .1 1 .0 2 .0 4 .4 1 0 .8 8 .5 1 .1 7 5 .9 7 7 .0 7 3 .8 7 4 .0 M a l e ___________________________ ______ _ F e m a l e ________________________________ 5 3 .9 2 2 .0 5 6 .3 2 0 .7 5 2 .6 2 1 .2 5 3 .1 2 0 .9 N e g r o a n d o th e r r a c e s __________________ 2 4 .1 2 3 .0 2 6 .2 2 6 .0 M a l e ________________________________ F e m a l e ________________________________ 1 6 .6 7 .5 1 7 .3 5 .7 2 0 .3 5 .9 1 8 .9 7 .2 2 3 .6 1 7 .1 6 .5 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Beginning with 1966, total data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over, and data for 14 to 17 year olds revised to refer to 16 and 17 year olds in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. 3 Beginning in 1967, data may not be strictly comparable to prior years because of basic changes in the concepts and definitions introduced in January 1967. 147 T A B L E 70. Unemployed Persons, by Household Relationship, 1963-71 [Persons 14 years of age and over for 1963-66; 16 years and over for 1966-71] Thousands of persons Household head Period 1963_____ ____ ________ 1964__________________ 1965__________________ 1966__________________ 1966 » — _____ _________ 1967 2...................... ........ 1968_______ ____ ______ 1969....... ................ .......... 1970__________________ 1971.___________ ______ Total Not living with relatives 1,645 1,462 1,257 1,037 1,037 995 912 888 1,418 1,810 1,382 1,186 1,023 830 831 810 739 707 1,138 1,468 263 277 233 207 207 185 173 179 280 342 716 699 641 543 543 700 622 662 859 1,017 1,699 1,623 1,485 1,331 1,232 1,222 1,225 1,226 1,701 2,029 1,253 1,432 1,430 1,337 1,268 1,266 1,410 1,442 1,358 1,449 1,604 1,770 1,031 1,172 1,195 1,034 996 994 1,120 1,185 1,048 1,131 1,299 1,450 223 261 235 303 272 272 289 257 310 38 305 320 713 796 845 764 733 769 839 926 1,086 981 994 865 2,195 2,192 2,073 1,828 1,673 1,609 1, 722 1,754 1,637 1,527 1,700 1,817 1,830 1,833 1,668 1,477 1,375 1,260 1,353 1,380 1,284 1, 217 1,410 1, 527 365 359 405 351 298 349 369 374 352 309 290 290 1,108 1,074 1,038 987 903 928 945 1,080 1,152 1,092 1,035 868 1971 January.......................... February................ ........ March________ ________ April............................... M a y ................................ June....... ......................... July........................ ........ August_______________ September...................... October........................... November......... - ........... December_____________ Other relative of head Living with relatives 19 70 January_____ ____ ____ February_____________ March________________ April-------------------------May---------------- ----------June--------------------------July__________________ August----------------------September____________ October_______________ November____________ December_____ _______ Wife of head Unemployment rate Wife of head Other relative of head Nonrela tive of head Total Living with relatives Not living with relatives 105 92 71 66 64 60 58 57 109 136 3.7 3.3 2.8 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.8 2.9 3.7 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.7 2.7 3.4 5.4 5.4 4.4 3.8 3.8 3.3 3.0 2.9 4.3 5.1 5.3 5.0 4.4 3.6 3.6 4.4 3.8 3.8 4.8 5.6 12.7 11.8 10.6 9.3 9.4 9.1 9.0 8.7 11.7 13.6 6.7 6.4 5.1 5.0 4.8 4.5 4.2 4.0 7.4 8.6 1,345 1,441 1,381 1,350 1,305 2,534 2,147 1,738 1,729 1,719 1,881 1,848 95 125 77 101 78 99 114 115 118 110 128 154 2.6 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.3 3.6 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.7 3.1 3.4 3.6 4.1 3.7 4.6 4.2 4.2 4.5 4.0 4.7 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.0 4.4 4.7 4.2 4.1 4.4 4.8 5.3 6.0 5.3 5.4 4.7 10.1 10.6 10.2 10.0 9.5 15.4 12.5 10.5 12.2 12.3 13.3 13.0 6.4 8.4 5.2 6.8 5.3 6.7 7.6 7.6 8.0 7.4 8.7 10.3 1,966 2,022 1,916 1,746 1,678 2,807 2,531 2,089 1,918 1,836 1,948 1,897 146 154 147 132 141 146 132 138 133 116 131 114 4.5 4.5 4.2 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.3 3.1 3.4 3.6 4.3 4.3 3.9 3.5 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.0 2.8 3.3 3.6 5.4 5.4 6.0 5.2 4.4 5.3 5.7 5.8 5.2 4.5 4.1 4.1 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.0 5.3 5.5 6.1 6.2 5.8 5.4 4.6 14.3 14.6 13.9 12.5 11.8 17.0 14.2 12.2 13.4 12.8 13.5 13.0 9.4 9.5 9.3 8.3 8.7 9.0 8.5 9.2 8.9 7.3 8.1 6.8 1 Beginning with 1966, data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. a Beginning with 1967, data may not be strictly comparable to prior years 148 Household head Nonrelative of head because of basic changes in concepts and definitions introduced in January 1967. T A B L E 71. Extent of Unemployment During the Y e a r# by Sex, 1 9 5 7 -7 0 [Persons 14 years old and over for 1957-66; 16 years and over for 1966-70] Item B oth 1957 1958 1959 1 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1966 2 1967 1968 1969 Number (thousands) Se x e s Total working or looking for work. ........... . 78,585 78,787 79,494 82,204 81,963 83,944 85,038 36,387 87,591 89,924 87,540 89,432 91,480 93,640 18.4 14.7 17.2 18.2 16.2 17.9 15.3 16.7 14.1 Percent with unemployment-------------12.9 13.0 12.9 12.4 12.5 Number with unemployment............ .. 11,568 14,120 12,195 14,151 15,096 15,256 14,211 14,052 12,334 11,602 11,387 11,564 11,332 11,744 Did not work but looked for work........... . _ 1970 921 1,670 1,332 1,586 1,676 1,887 1,811 1,713 1,405 1,371 1,274 1,253 1,250 95,342 15.3 14,565 1,163 1,719 Worked during year..................... ................ 10.647 12,449 10.863 12,565 13,420 13,369 12,400 12,339 10, 929 10, 231 10,113 10,113 10,082 10,581 12,846 Year-round workers 3 with 1 or 2 weeks of unemployment........................................... Part-year workers 4with unemployment of. 1 to 4 weeks_________________________ 5 to 10 weeks................... ...................... 11 to 14 weeks------------------- -------- -----15 to 16 weeks________ ____ _____ ____ 27 weeks or more.................................... 840 1,062 1,036 1,129 1,239 1,121 1,119 1,180 9,528 11,269 10,023 11,503 12,384 12,240 11,161 11,218 2,443 2,387 2,569 2,834 3,098 2,993 2,708 3.060 2,339 2,367 2,348 2,704 2,559 2,759 2,407 2,550 1,394 1,479 1,403 1,517 1,669 1,700 1,595 1,514 1,898 2,556 1,070 2,466 2,849 2,768 2,622 2,444 1,454 2,482 1,633 1,982 2,209 2,020 1,840 1,650 1,207 9,722 3,151 2,208 1,286 1,995 1,082 1,269 8,962 3,403 2,059 1,058 1,585 857 1,269 8,844 3,348 2,038 1,047 1,567 844 1,381 8,930 3,357 2,073 1,177 1,520 803 1,285 8,797 3,632 1,989 1,036 1,406 734 1,396 9,185 3,614 2,177 1,057 1,542 795 1,179 11.667 3,301 2,729 1,669 2,468 1,500 3,942 3,458 1,765 1,479 2,177 1,979 3,411 1,465 1,946 3,357 1,503 1,854 3,122 1,471 1,651 3,417 1,603 1,814 4,310 2,088 2,222 Total working or looking for work. ............ 49,444 49,158 49,523 50.686 50,610 51,412 51,817 52,645 52,958 53,576 52,103 52,788 53,677 54,755 16.5 19.4 18.4 18.8 17.2 Percent with unemployment................ 15.7 19.6 16.3 12.4 12.5 14.0 12.6 11.7 12.3 Number with unemployment....... ........ 7,758 9,645 8,162 9,318 9,846 9,686 8,923 8,563 7,428 6,658 6,503 6,655 6,263 6,709 55.589 15.5 8,614 Total with 2 spells or more of unemployment........... ............................................ 4,377 2 spells................................. ..................(6) 3 spells or more...................................... (5) M 5,117 (6) (5) 4,228 1,813 2,415 4,602 2,034 2,568 4,963 2,299 2,664 5,219 2,524 2,695 4,635 2,246 2,389 4,755 2,342 2,413 ale Did not work but looked for work........... . 735 778 550 653 756 773 778 667 539 467 395 396 365 365 670 Worked during year..................................... 7,023 8,867 7,613 8,665 9,090 8,913 8,145 7,896 6,889 6,191 6,108 6,259 5,898 6,344 7,944 Year-round workers3 with 1 or 2 weeks of unemployment....................................... .. 447 863 657 779 791 817 934 815 886 923 923 900 963 834 Part-year workers4with unemployment of. 6,576 1 to 4 weeks.................... ...................... 1,475 5 to 10 weeks......................................... 1,646 11 to 14 weeks..... ........... ................. ...... 1,030 16 to ?6 weeks_______ _______________ 1,385 27 weeks or more................................. 1,039 8,004 1,435 1,692 1,094 1,950 1,835 6,956 1,472 1,688 1,031 1,564 1,201 7,886 1,651 1,907 1,123 1,821 1,384 8,299 1,709 1,878 1,217 2,027 1,468 8,096 1,668 1,891 1,194 1,960 1,383 7,211 1,521 1,609 1.122 1,802 1,157 7,081 1,675 1,706 1,038 1,605 1,057 6,003 1,694 1,391 872 1,347 699 5,268 1,767 1,300 718 980 503 5,185 1,727 1,286 707 972 493 5,257 1,743 1,310 759 979 466 4,998 1,875 1,215 647 870 391 5,381 1.861 1,386 700 980 454 7,110 1,742 1,759 1,090 1,585 934 Total with 2 spells or more of unemployment. 3,171 2 spells........ ...... ................................ . (5) 3 spells or more...................................... (6) 3,850 (6) (5) 3,173 1,293 1,880 3,430 1,453 1,977 3.618 1.603 2,015 3.805 1.788 2,017 3,269 1.526 1,743 3,314 1,576 1,738 2,769 1,147 1,622 2,328 913 1,415 2,295 900 1,395 2,228 908 1,320 2,015 901 1,114 2,262 1,003 1,259 2,914 1,379 1,535 Total working or looking for work________ 29,141 29,628 29,971 31,518 31,353 32,532 33.221 34,192 34,633 36,348 35,437 36,644 37,803 38,885 Percent with unemployment_________ 15.1 13.5 16.7 13.1 15.3 17.1 16.1 15.9 14.2 13.8 13.4 13.6 13.4 12.9 Number with unemployment________ 3,810 4,474 4,032 4,833 5,250 5,570 5,288 5,489 4,906 4,944 4,884 4,909 5,069 5,035 39,735 15.0 6,951 F 1,002 em ale Did not work but looked for work.............. 186 892 782 993 920 1,114 1,033 1,046 866 904 879 857 885 798 1,049 Worked during year_____________________ 3,624 3,582 3,250 3,900 4,330 4,456 4,255 4,443 4,040 4,040 4,005 4,052 4,184 4,237 4,902 Year-round workers3 with 1 or 2 weeks of unemployment_______________ ________ 672 317 184 283 245 312 305 306 321 346 346 379 385 433 345 1 to 4 weeks_________________________ 5 to 10 weeks________________________ 11 to 14 weeks_______________________ 15 to 26 weeks_____ _________________ 27 weeks or more____________________ 2,952 968 693 363 513 415 3,265 952 675 385 606 647 3,067 1,097 660 372 506 432 3.617 1,183 797 394 645 598 4,085 1,389 681 452 822 741 4,144 1,325 868 506 808 637 3,950 1,187 798 473 809 683 4,137 1,385 844 476 839 593 3,719 1,457 817 414 640 383 3,694 1,636 759 340 605 354 3,659 1,621 752 340 595 351 3.673 1,614 763 418 541 337 3,799 1,757 774 389 536 343 3,804 1,753 791 357 562 341 4,557 1,559 970 579 883 566 Total with 2 spells or more of unemploy ment______ __________________________ 2 spells_____________________________ 3 spells or more_____________________ 1,206 (5) (5) 1,267 (6) (5) 1,055 520 535 1,172 581 691 1,345 696 649 1,414 736 678 1,366 720 646 1,441 766 675 1,173 618 555 1,130 566 564 1,116 565 551 1,129 595 534 1,107 570 537 1,155 600 555 1,396 709 687 P a r t - y e a r w o r k e r s * w it h u n e m p l o y m e n t of_ See footnotes at end of table. http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ 4 6 6 -1 5 7 0 - 72 11 Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 149 T A B L E 71. Extent of Unemployment During the Y e a r, by Sex, 1 9 5 7 -7 0 — Continued [Persons 14 years old and over for 1957-66; 16 years and over for 1966-70] Item 1957 1958 1959 i 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1956 2 1967 1968 1969 1970 Percent distribution of unemployed persons with work experience during the year B oth S exes T otal who worked during year____________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100 0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Year-round workers 3 with 1 or 2 weeks unem polym ent_________________________ 10.5 9.5 7.7 8.5 7.7 8.4 10.0 9.1 11.0 12.4 12.5 13.4 12.7 13.2 92. Part-year workers 4 with unemployment o f_______________________________________ 1 to 4 weeks___________________________ 5 to 10 weeks__________________________ 11 to 14 weeks_________________________ 15 to 26 weeks_________________________ 27 weeks or m ore______________________ 89.5 22.9 22.0 13.1 17.8 13.7 90.5 19.2 19.0 11.9 20.5 19.9 92.3 23.6 21.6 12.9 19.1 15.0 91.5 22.6 21.5 12.1 19.6 15.8 92.3 23.1 19.1 12.4 21.2 16.5 91.6 22.4 20.6 12.7 20.7 15.1 90.0 21.8 19.4 12.9 21.1 14.8 90.9 24.8 20.7 12.3 19.8 13.4 89.0 28.8 20.2 11.8 18.3 9.9 87.6 33.3 20.1 10.3 15.5 8.4 87.5 33.1 20.2 10.4 15.5 8.3 86.6 32.6 20.1 11.4 14.7 7.8 87.3 36.0 19.7 10.3 13.9 7.3 86.8 34.2 20.6 10 0 14.6 7.5 90.8 25.7 21.2 13.0 19.2 11.7 T otal with 2 spells or more of unem ploymerit____________________________________ 2 spells________________________________ 3 spells or m ore_______________________ 41.1 (5) (5) 41.1 (5) (5) 38.9 16.7 22.2 36.6 16.2 20.4 37.0 17.1 19.8 39.0 18.9 20.2 37.4 18.1 19.3 38.5 19.0 19.6 36.1 16.1 19.9 33.8 14.5 19.3 33.7 14.5 19.2 32.6 14.6 18.0 31.0 14.6 16.4 32.3 15.1 17.1 33.6 16.3 17.3 T otal who worked during year____________ 100.0 100.0 100 0 100 0 :o o o 100. 0 100 0 100 0 :o o 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00.0 :o o 0 100.0 Year-round workers 3 with 1 or 2 weeks of unem ploym ent_________________________ 6.4 9.7 8.6 9.0 8.7 9.2 11.5 10.3 12.9 14.9 15.1 16.0 15.3 15.2 10.5 Part-year workers 4 with unemploym ent o f_______________________________________ 1 to 4 weeks___________________________ 5 to 10 weeks__________________________ 11 to 14 weeks_________________________ 15 to 26 weeks_________________________ 27 weeks or m ore______________________ 93.6 21.0 23.4 14.7 19.7 14.8 90.3 16.2 19.1 12.3 22.0 20.7 91.4 19.3 22.2 13.5 20.5 15.8 91.0 19.1 22.0 13.0 21.0 16.0 91.3 18.8 20.7 13.4 22.3 16.1 90.8 18.7 21.2 13.4 22.0 15.5 88.5 18.7 19.8 13.8 22.1 14.2 89.7 21.2 21.6 13.1 20.3 13.4 87.1 24.6 20.2 12.7 19.6 10.1 85.1 28.5 21.0 11.6 15.8 8.1 84.9 28.3 21.1 11.6 15.9 8.1 84 0 27.8 20.9 12.1 15.6 7.4 84.7 31.8 20.6 11.0 14.8 6.6 84.8 29.3 21.8 11.0 15.4 7.2 89.5 21.9 22.1 13.7 20.0 11.8 Total with 2 spells or more of unem ploy m ent____________________________________ 2 spells________________________________ 3 spells or m ore________________________ 45.2 (5) (5) 43.4 (5) (5) 41.7 17.0 24.7 39.6 16.8 22.8 39.8 17.6 22.2 42.7 20.1 22.6 40.1 18.7 21.4 42.0 20 0 22.0 40.2 16.6 23.5 37.6 14.7 22.9 37.6 14.7 22.8 35.6 14.5 21.1 34.2 15.3 18.9 35.7 15.8 19.8 36.7 17.4 19.3 Total who worked during year____________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100 0 100.0 100.0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100.0 100.0 Year-round workers 3 with 1 or 2 weeks of unem ploym ent_________________________ 18.5 8.8 5.7 7.3 5.7 7.0 7.2 6.9 7.9 8.6 8.6 9.4 9.2 10.2 7.0 Part-year workers 4 with unemployment o f_______________________________________ 1 to 4 weeks___________________________ 5 to 10 weeks__________________________ 11 to 14 weeks_________________________ 15 to 26 weeks_________________________ 27 weeks or m ore______________________ 81.5 26.7 19.1 10.0 14.2 11.5 91.2 26.6 18.8 10.7 16.9 18.1 94.4 33.8 20.3 11.4 15.6 13.3 92.7 30.3 20.4 10.1 16.5 15.3 94.3 32.1 15.7 10.4 19.0 17.1 93.0 29.7 19.5 11.4 18.1 14.3 92.8 27.9 18.8 11.1 19.0 16.1 93.1 31.2 19.0 10.7 18.9 13.3 92.1 36.1 20.2 10.2 16 0 9.5 91.4 40.5 18.8 8.4 15 0 8.8 91.4 40.5 18.8 8.5 14.9 8.8 90.6 39.8 18.8 10.3 13.4 8.3 90.8 42.0 18.5 9.3 12.8 8.2 89.8 41.4 18.7 8.4 13.3 8.0 93.0 31.8 19.8 11.8 18.0 11.5 Total with 2 spells or more of unem ploy m ent____________________________________ 2 spells________________________________ 3 spells________________________________ 33.3 (5) (5) 35.4 (5) (5) 32.5 16.0 16.5 30.1 14.9 15.2 31.1 16.1 15.0 31.7 16.5 15.2 32.1 16.9 15.2 32.4 17.2 15.2 29.0 15.3 13.7 28 0 14 0 14.0 27.9 14.1 13.8 27.9 14.7 13.2 26.5 13.6 12.8 27.3 14.2 13.1 28.5 14.5 14.0 100.0 M ale F emale 1 Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959 and are therefore not strictly comparable with earlier years. This inclusion resulted in an increase of about 50,000 in the total with unemployment in 1959. 2 1966 data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over, in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. 3 Worked 50 weeks or more. 4 Worked less than 50 weeks. Digitized 150 for FRASER 5 N ot available. N o te : Each continuous period of unemployment of at least 1 w eek’s duration is considered one spell of unemployment. T he number of weeks of unemployment during the year represents the total number of weeks accumu lated in all spells of unemployment during which a person looked for work and did not work at all. T A B L E 72. Unemployment Rates and Percent Distribution of the Unemployed, by M ajor Industry Group, 1948-71 [Persons 16 years of age and over] Experienced wage and salary workers Wage and salary workers in private nonagricultural industries Year Total unem ployed 1 Total Agri culture Total Mining Janufacturing Con struc tion Total Transpor Whole ! Finance, Govern tation sale and insurance, Service ment and retail real industries Non Durables trade public estate durables utilities Unemployment Rate 1948_______________ 1949_______________ 1960_______________ 1951_______________ 1952_______________ 1953_______________ 1954_______________ 1955_______________ 1956_______________ 1957_______________ 1958_______________ 1959_______________ 1960_______________ 1961_______________ 1962_______________ 1963_______________ 1964_______________ 1965_______________ 1966_______________ 1967_______________ 1968_______________ 1969_______________ 1970_______________ 1971........................... 3.8 5.9 5.3 3.3 3.0 2.9 5.5 4.4 4.1 4.3 6.8 5.5 5.5 6.7 5.5 5.7 5.2 4.5 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.5 4.9 5.9 4.3 6.8 6.0 3.7 3.3 3.2 7.0 4.8 4.4 4.6 7.3 5.7 5.7 6.8 5.6 5.6 5.0 4.3 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.3 4.8 5.7 5.5 7.1 9.0 4.3 4.8 5.6 8.9 7.2 7.3 6.9 10.3 9.0 8.3 9.6 7.5 9.2 9.7 7.5 6.6 6.9 6.3 6.0 7.5 7.9 4.5 7.3 3.9 3.9 3.6 3.4 6.7 5.1 4.7 4.9 7.9 6.1 6.2 7. 5 6.1 6.1 5.4 4.6 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.5 5.2 6.2 3.0 8.9 6.7 4.0 3.8 4.6 14.4 9.0 6.8 5.8 10.9 9.7 9.5 11.1 7.7 7.3 6.7 5.3 3.5 3.4 3.1 2.8 3.1 4.0 8.7 13.9 12.2 7.2 6.7 7.2 12.9 10.9 10.0 10.9 15.3 13.4 13.5 15.7 13.5 13.3 11.2 10.1 7.1 6.6 6.2 6.0 9.7 10.4 4.2 8.0 6.2 3.8 3.5 3.1 7.1 4.7 4.7 5.1 9.3 6.1 6.2 7.8 5.8 5.7 5.0 4.0 3.2 3.6 3.3 3.3 5.6 6.8 4.0 8.1 5.7 3.1 3.0 2.6 7.3 4.4 4.4 4.9 10.6 6.2 6.4 8.5 5.7 5.5 4.7 3.5 2.7 3.4 3.0 3.0 5.7 7.0 4.4 7.8 6.8 4.7 4.1 3.8 6.9 5.2 5.2 5.3 7.7 6.0 6.1 6.8 6.0 6.0 5.4 4.7 3.8 4.1 3.7 3.7 5.4 6.5 3.5 5.9 4.7 2.3 2.3 2.2 5.6 4.0 3.0 3.3 6.1 4.4 4.6 5.3 4.1 4.2 3.5 2.9 2.0 2.3 1.9 2.1 3.2 3.8 4.7 6.2 6.0 3.9 3.5 3.4 5.7 4.7 4.5 4.5 6.8 5.8 5.9 7.3 6.3 6.2 5.7 5.0 4.4 4.2 4.0 4.1 5.3 6.4 1.8 2.1 2.2 1.5 1.7 1.7 2.3 2.3 1.7 1.8 2.8 2.5 2.4 3.3 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.3 2.1 2.5 2.2 2.1 2.8 3.3 4.8 6.7 6.4 4.2 3.6 3.4 5.5 5.2 4.6 4.2 5.7 5.3 5.1 6.2 5.5 5.7 5.3 4.6 3.9 3.9 3.6 3.5 4.7 5.6 2.2 3.1 3.0 1.8 1.6 1.5 2.2 2.0 1.7 1.9 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.1 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.9 4.2 4.7 4.6 4.3 4.1 5.6 5.3 5.0 5.2 5.1 5.5 5.6 4.2 4.6 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.9 4.9 4.8 5.0 4.9 5.3 5.5 9.3 8.4 8.8 6.0 5.6 5.0 6.6 6.5 8.4 7.0 8.9 12.4 4.5 5.1 5.0 4.7 4.6 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.5 5.5 5.9 6.0 4.9 3.8 3.1 4.6 3.6 2.9 1.6 4.3 .9 3.2 1.3 2.5 11.8 13.1 11.7 9.5 9.1 8.5 7.7 7.9 9.0 8.2 8.7 12.2 4.3 5.2 5.1 4.8 4.9 5.3 6.0 5.6 5.6 6.2 6.8 7.1 4.2 5.3 5.1 4.8 4.4 4.9 6.1 5.9 5.8 6.7 7.6 7.6 4.5 5.1 5.1 4.8 5.5 5.8 5.8 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.8 6.4 3.0 3.0 3.4 3.6 2.8 3.5 3.4 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.5 5.1 5.2 4.6 5.8 5.4 5.2 5.6 5.5 5.8 5.3 2.2 2.1 2.6 2.0 2.2 3.1 3.5 2.7 3.6 3.3 3.1 2.7 3.5 3.6 4.1 3.8 4.1 5.3 5.0 5.0 5.9 5.0 5.4 5.0 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.9 2.3 2.7 2.4 2.2 2.5 2.4 6.6 6.6 6.3 5.7 5.3 6.5 6. 2 5.9 5.8 5.4 5.7 5.5 6.6 6.5 6*. 2 5.5 5.1 5.8 5.6 5.5 5.5 5.1 5.4 5.3 12.8 12.4 8.8 6.2 4.5 5.2 6.9 7.6 8.1 5.8 9.4 10.1 7.3 7.3 7.0 6.2 5.8 6.2 6.0 5.9 5.9 5.5 5.9 5.8 5.8 4. 6 3.5 2.2 4.4 4.1 4.3 4.1 4.0 3.7 2.2 5.3 17.6 17.8 15.6 11.0 8.5 8.4 6.9 6.8 7.0 7.2 8.4 11.7 7.8 7.9 7.6 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.8 6. 7 6.4 5.9 6.3 6.4 7.7 8.3 7.9 7.3 6.6 6.5 7.0 7.0 6.5 6.1 6.5 6.5 7.9 7.3 7.0 6.6 6.3 6.3 6.5 6.2 6.2 5.5 6.0 6.3 4.9 4.9 3.6 3.9 3.9 3.5 3.0 2.9 3.4 3.7 4.2 4.1 6.9 7.3 7.2 6.4 6.2 7.1 6.5 5.9 6.0 5.8 6.3 5.3 3.4 3.5 3.1 2.6 2.9 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.9 3.1 3.2 3.5 5.7 5.3 5.6 5.3 4.9 6.1 5.9 6.1 6.3 5.5 5.5 4.7 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.3 3.7 3.3 3.8 3.5 3.0 2.9 2.7 1970 January___________ February__________ March_____________ April______________ May_______________ June_______________ July_______________ August-----------------September_________ October___________ November........ ........ December_________ 1971 January___________ February-------------March_____________ April______________ May_______________ June______________ July----------------------August.......... ........... September------------October_____ ______ November _______ December_________ Se e footnotes at end of table. 151 T A B L E 72. Unemployment Rates and Percent Distribution of the Unemployed, by M ajor Industry Group, 1 9 4 8 -7 1 — Continued [Persons 16 years of age and over] Experienced wage and salary workers Wage and salary workers in private nonagricultural industries Year Total unem ployed 1 Total Agri culture Total Mining Con struc tion 1danufacturing Total Transpor Whole Finance, Govern tation sale and insurance, Service ment and retail real industries Non Durables public trade estate durables utilities Percent Distribution 19 48........................ 1949............................ 1960............................ 1951......... ................. 1952......................... . 1953........................... 1954............................ 1955............................ 1956............................ 1957......... ................. 1958............................ 1959.......................... 1960............................ 1961............................ 1962........................ 1963............................ 1964............................ 1965........................... 1966........................... 1967............................ 1968............................ 1969............................ 1970............................ 1971............................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 89.7 90.9 90.7 90.1 90.3 90.7 91.3 89.8 88.7 88.8 88.9 86.8 86.5 86.0 85.3 83.8 82.4 81.0 80.8 83.6 83.7 83.8 86.2 85.7 4.2 3.6 4.9 3.4 3.8 4.4 3.7 4.3 4.5 4.1 3.9 4.2 4.1 3.6 3.2 3.9 4.1 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.1 2.7 2.3 2.0 80.4 82.5 80.4 81.3 81.1 80.9 83.3 80.5 79.8 79.8 80.9 77.9 77.4 77.9 77.3 75.0 73.3 72.0 71.0 73.5 72.8 73.0 77.0 76.0 1.2 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.9 2.5 3.0 2.4 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.0 .8 .7 .6 .6 .5 .4 .5 10.1 10.4 10.6 10.6 11.6 12.3 10.9 11.8 11.4 12.2 11.4 12.5 12.0 11.5 11.9 11.2 10.3 10.8 9.9 9.1 9.2 8.3 9.3 8.5 29.8 34.1 29.8 30.9 30.4 29.2 34.9 28.8 30.2 31.5 34.9 28.2 28.6 29.2 26.7 26.1 24.9 23.0 22.6 26.2 24.7 25.0 29.2 28.0 14.9 17.9 14.2 13.1 14.1 13.7 20.4 15.3 16.3 17.6 22.5 16.3 16.3 17.7 14.7 14.1 13.2 11.3 11.3 14.2 13.2 13.6 17.6 16.8 14.9 16.2 15.6 17.8 16.3 15.4 14.5 13.5 13.9 13.9 12.4 11.8 12.4 11.5 12.0 12.0 11.7 11.7 11.3 12.0 11.5 11.5 11.6 11.2 6.5 6.9 5.7 4.6 5.0 4.9 6.5 5.7 4.6 4.9 5.3 4.8 5.0 4.6 4.2 4.2 3.8 3.5 3.1 3.6 3.4 3.8 3.7 3.5 18.2 15.9 17.6 18.2 17.3 17.1 15.5 16.2 16.7 16.1 15.3 16.5 16.5 16.6 17.3 16.9 17.1 17.3 18.3 17.6 18.3 18.9 17.9 18.9 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.8 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.9 2.1 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.6 13.2 12.1 13.7 14.0 13.3 13.1 11.2 14.0 13.8 12.3 11.0 12.8 12.1 12.6 13.9 13.8 14.3 14.4 14.3 14.5 15.1 14.8 14.0 14.1 5.2 4.8 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 4.2 4.9 4.3 4.9 4.1 4.7 5.0 4.5 4.8 4.9 5.2 5.7 6.7 7.1 7.7 8.1 9.6 7.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 88.9 88.5 88.5 87.5 88.7 78.6 82.1 85.3 86.6 86.5 86.5 88.8 2.6 2.2 2.5 2.1 2.2 1.6 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.0 2.2 3.0 78.5 79.8 79.8 79.2 80.3 69.3 73.6 75.3 77.0 77.6 77.2 78.9 .7 .5 .4 .7 .6 .3 .2 .5 .1 .4 .2 .3 12.7 12.8 11.7 10.3 10.5 7.3 7.2 7.7 8.4 7.6 7.3 10.2 26.9 29.6 29.5 28.6 30.5 24.5 28.9 29.3 27.7 31.0 31.5 32.4 15. 5 17.8 17.7 16.9 16.5 13.4 17.3 18.0 16.8 19.6 20.3 20.3 11.3 11.8 11.8 11.7 14.0 11.1 11.6 11.3 10.9 11.4 11.2 12.1 4.0 3.6 4.1 4.6 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.0 3.1 3.5 4.0 19.4 19.6 18.1 19.6 18.3 17.1 16.7 16.9 17.6 18.1 17.9 16.5 2.3 2.0 2.6 2.1 2.4 2.5 3.0 2.4 3.1 2.9 2.5 2.1 12.5 11.7 13.3 13.3 14.4 14.0 14.1 15.0 17.1 14.5 14.4 13.3 7.8 6.5 6.2 6.2 6.2 7.7 6.2 7.7 7.0 6.9 7.1 6.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 90.4 89.5 88.8 87.6 86.8 79.7 80.3 84.0 86.1 84.3 85.8 85.8 2.5 2.4 1.9 1.8 1.3 1.4 2.0 2.2 2.1 1.6 2.3 2.2 81.0 81.0 80.7 79.7 78.6 69.7 70.3 72.1 74.4 73.8 75.2 75.8 .6 .5 .4 .3 .6 .4 .5 .5 .5 .4 .3 .7 12. 7 12.3 11.6 9.1 7.6 6.4 5.7 5.9 6.0 6.6 7.3 10.6 29.7 30.0 30.1 30.4 29.9 24.2 26.2 27.5 27.1 26.2 26.7 27.7 17. 2 18.6 18.5 18.5 17.9 14.3 15.7 16.9 16.2 15.9 15.9 16.3 12.5 11.4 11.6 11.9 12.0 9.9 10.5 10.7 11.0 10.3 10.8 11.5 4.1 4.1 3.2 3.9 4.1 3.0 2.7 2.7 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.0 18.4 19.3 19.8 19.7 20.2 19.1 18.4 17.5 18.4 18.9 19.7 17.3 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.8 3.1 2.6 2.6 2.9 13.2 12.4 13.5 14.3 13.8 13.8 14.2 15.2 16.2 15.4 14.6 12.6 6.9 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.8 8.6 8.0 9.7 9.5 8.8 8.3 7.8 1 9 70 January................... February................... March................. ...... April______________ May................. .......... June..................... . July........................... August...................... September................ October.................... November................. December................. 1971 January......... .......... February................... March........................ A pril.................. ...... May........................... Ju n e......................... July........................... August...................... September............... October..................... November.......- ........ December.................. 1 Also includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and those with no previous work experience, not shown separately. Digitized 152 for FRASER T A B L E 73. Long-Term Unemployment, by M ajor Industry and Occupation Group, 1957-71 [Thousands of persons 14 years of age and over for 1957-66; 16 years and over for 1966-71] Industry and occupation group 1957 i 1958 1959 I9601 2 1961 19622 1963 1964 1965 1966 19663 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 375 00.0 662 00 0 1,181 100.0 Unemployed 15 weeks and over 956 1,532 1,119 1,088 973 755 560 1,452 1,040 536 525 449 412 Total: N um ber___________________________________ Percent_____________________________ ______ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 I ndustry G roup Agriculture------------------- --------------------------------------- - 2.9 2.1 2.7 3.6 2.4 2.1 3.0 3.2 3.7 4.7 4.4 3.5 3.2 3.2 2.1 1.3 Nonagricultural industries-------------------------------------- 88.8 90.9 88.5 86.4 88.4 86.5 84.8 84.0 82.4 81.7 83.3 84.9 85.4 87.0 88.4 90.1 Wage and salary workers-------------1--------------------- 85.7 2.9 Mining, forestry, fisheries---------------------------Construction---------------------------------------------- 11.9 36.9 Manufacturing------------------------------------------Durable goods-------------------------------------- 21.2 Nondurable goods_____________________ 15.7 4.8 Transportation and public utilities-------------Wholesale and retail trade---------------------------- 13.7 Service industires and finance, insurance, and real estate____________________ _____ 12.7 2.9 Public administration________ ______ _____ 88.9 2.6 10.5 42.3 29.9 12.4 6.4 13.5 86.0 2.5 14.3 32.2 20.1 12.2 5.6 15.1 83.8 2.8 12.3 31.3 19.1 12.2 6.3 15.3 86.0 2.2 11.2 34.6 23.3 11.4 6.1 15.5 84.1 2.0 11.2 29.4 17.6 11.7 5.2 17.8 82.3 1.5 10.8 29.9 17.8 12.1 5.1 15.6 81.5 2.3 9.2 28.6 16.5 12.2 4.4 16.7 79.9 1.3 10.6 25.2 13.3 12.0 4.8 17.0 78.5 1.7 9.9 23.3 11.6 11.8 4.3 17.0 80.0 1.9 10.1 24.0 12.0 12.0 4.4 17.3 82.8 .8 10.7 29.8 16.7 13.0 4.3 16.6 83.2 1.2 10.0 29.3 16.3 12.9 3.7 15.9 85.1 .8 9.0 28.6 16.4 12.2 4.0 18.0 87.0 .3 10.6 34.9 22.4 12.6 3.8 15.7 88.3 .6 8.1 36.4 24.9 11.5 3.7 18.2 11.3 2.3 13.8 2.4 13.3 2.4 13.9 2.5 15.8 2.7 16.1 3.4 17.2 3.1 18.9 2.1 20.0 2.4 20.0 2.5 18.5 2.1 20.2 2.9 21.5 3.2 18.9 2.7 18.7 2.6 1.9 1.4 Self-employed and unpaid family workers--------- 3.0 2.0 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.5 3.2 3.2 2.1 2.2 Persons with no prevous work experience----------------- 8.4 7.0 8.8 10.0 9.2 11.4 12.1 12.8 13.8 13.6 12.4 11.6 11.5 1.4 .3 3.1 8.2 4.4 11.0 31.8 2.8 10.6 2.4 15.5 8.4 2.6 .2 2.8 7.8 2.9 13.7 35.1 1.6 8.9 1.8 15.8 7.0 3.0 .3 3.0 9.4 3.8 12.4 28.7 2.0 10.3 2.6 15.7 8.8 2.5 .2 2.5 9.7 3.6 11.7 29.0 2.4 9.9 2.8 15.7 10.0 2.4 .1 2.6 9.8 4.2 13.6 29.3 2.0 10.6 1.7 14.6 9.2 2.9 .1 3.6 9.9 4.1 12.3 25.4 2.7 11.9 1.5 14.2 11.4 9.8 9.5 1.8 8.6 O ccupation G roup Professional, technical, and kindred workers.............. 3.3 .4 3.2 10.6 3.9 11.4 26.5 2.6 10.8 2.0 13.2 12.1 3.8 .4 3.5 12.3 3.7 10.6 24.6 2.5 12.0 2.3 11.5 12.8 3.6 .5 3.6 10.3 4.4 10.9 24.3 3.1 12.5 2.7 10.5 13.8 3.9 .7 4.1 9.2 4.5 10.5 21.9 3.0 13.3 3.2 11.6 13.6 4.0 .8 4.2 9.3 4.6 10.7 22.3 3.0 13.9 3.0 11.8 12.4 4.1 .2 3.8 12.4 4.7 9.6 26.6 1.8 12.2 2.1 10.9 11.6 4.9 .2 4.1 12.4 3.6 10.7 26.7 2.4 12.4 1.9 9.2 11.4 5.6 .3 4.0 13.3 5.3 8.8 27.7 1.9 12.8 2.1 8.3 9.9 7.0 2 3.6 13.5 4.1 12 0 27.7 .9 11.6 1.8 9.5 9.5 3.8 13.4 4.2 12.1 27.8 .7 11.1 .8 9.0 8.6 454 1 804 585 553 1 482 241 239 571 351 239 667 177 156 133 235 Total: N um ber__________________ •------------------------Percent------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 100.0 100.0 '100.0 100.0 j100 0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 517 100.0 Managers, officials, and proprietors, excluding farm .. Clerical and kindred workers----------------------------------Salesworkers----------------------------------- ------- --------------Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers---------------Operatives and kindred workers___________________ Private household workers-------------------------------------Service workers, excluding private household----------Farm laborers and foremen-------------------------------------Laborers, excluding farm and mine------------------------Persons with no previous work experience--------------- 8.5 Unemployed 27 weeks and over I ndustry G roup Agriculture------------------------------------------------------------- 2.5 1.8 2.3 Nonagricultural industries-------------------------------------- 89.1 92.0 89.2 86.5 ! 89.3 87.0 | 84.4 Wage and salary workers---------------------------------- 86.2 2.9 Mining, forestry, fisheries................ ................ Construction--------- ------------------------------------ 10.0 Manufacturing------------------------------------------- 37.7 Durable goods....................... ..................... 21.4 N ondurable goods....... .............................. 16.1 4.3 Transportation and public utilities........— Wholesale and retail trade-------------------------- 14.5 Service industries and finance, insurance, and real estate..--------- ----------------------------- 12.4 4.6 P ublic administration------------------------------2.9 Self-employed and unpaid family workers-------8.3 Persons with no previous work experience-------------- 90.0 3,3 8.8 44.9 31.8 13.2 6.8 12.7 87.1 3.1 10.1 37.7 24.1 13.6 6.1 15.2 83.2 3.3 11.1 30.1 18.8 11.3 6.6 15.0 84.8 2.1 8.7 30.1 19.0 11.1 6.3 18.8 82.6 1.8 9.2 28.4 16.5 12.0 6.0 15.8 10.9 2.6 2.0 6.2 12.0 2.8 2.1 8.6 , 13.5 3.5 3.3 11.1 13.2 3.0 2.5 9.1 , 16.2 2.C 2.2 11.3 17.8 3.6 2.2 13.0 17.3 1 18.5 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.7 13.1 12.8 20.9 2.9 4.2 12.1 2.4 .2 3.2 7.3 2.9 12.4 36.9 1.7 8.9 1.5 16.5 3.0 .9 3.0 8.7 4.2 11.7 29.9 2.5 .2 2.3 8.9 3.7 11.2 27.8 2.3 io .9 ; 2.5 .1 2.9 10.0 3.6 12.6 29.6 1.7 3.7 1.7 4.6 8.3 4.2 11.2 22.9 6.2 8.6 3.4 3.1 3.3 1 4.3 .2 .4 .5 1.1 3.4 4.0 ; 4.3 3.9 10.2 9.9 : 11.2 10.5 4.0 | 4.2 4.8 4.5 10.9 10.7 10.0 10.8 25.7 25.7 25.4 22.7 3.4 2.7 ! 2.5 2.3 12.3 11.9 12.9 13.9 1.2 1.4 2.1 2.0 13.8 13.4 11.2 9.7 11.3 j 13.0 13.1 | 12.8 2.4 1.6 i 86.8 i 2.4 | 9.5 : 37.1 25.5 11.6 6.6 | 15.2 1.7 2.2 4.2 4.2 3.9 3.2 1.5 1.7 1.0 84.2 ; 83.5 ; 83.7 2.7 84.3 84.3 86.0 88.7 90.3 90.7 80.1 2.1 8.1 24.6 12.3 12.3 4.7 16.9 81.0 .6 10.9 29.7 17.1 12.6 3.6 15.4 83.4 2.5 9.6 27.4 17.8 9.6 4.5 14.6 85.7 .8 6.8 28.6 15.8 12.8 5.3 19.5 88.2 .4 7.2 37.6 24.1 13.5 5.1 14.3 88.2 .6 6.4 38.1 27.1 11.0 3.7 17.2 20.9 3.0 4.2 11.4 18.5 2.2 3.4 11.8 21.7 3.2 2.5 10.8 21.1 3.8 3.0 9.8 21.1 3.0 1.7 8.0 19.0 3.3 2.5 8.3 ! 3.8 j 1.7 ! 4.6 j 8.4 4.2 11.3 23.1 2.9 2.9 14.2 14.3 3.9 .6 5.9 11.0 5.4 9.0 25.1 5.1 5.3 9.3 .4 5.5 12.7 4.2 11.8 27.0 ' ’ 4.4 13.5 3.9 12.8 27.5 ! 81.3 ! 3.5 7.7 29.5 ; 17.5 12.1 5.0 | 15.6 . 3.7 79.8 79.5 2.0 2.1 6.8 7.9 26.5 24.7 14.2 ! 12.1 12.3 12.6 4.6 5.7 17.7 16.3 , O ccupation G roup Professional, technical, and kindred workers______ 2.0 .8 Farmers and farm managers_____________________ Managers, officials, and proprietors, excluding farm. 3.5 7.9 Clerical and kindred workers____________________ Sales workers____ _______ _______________________ 4.3 9.8 Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers________ Operatives and kindred workers___ _____________ 30.7 2.8 Private household workers______________________ Service workers, excluding private household_____ 11.8 2.4 Farm laborers and foremen______________________ Laborers, excluding farm and mine_______________ 15.7 8.3 Persons with no previous work experience________ 2.1 9.6 2.3 16.0 11.1 2.0 1 1.1 17.1 , 15.8 9.1 11.1 1 Percent distribution of the occupation groups for 1957 is based on average of data for January, April, July, and October. 2 See footnote 1, table 1. 2. 1 12.1 12.1 2.0 2.1 12.2 10.7 2.3 12.4 M .4 11.8 ’T s ’ TS’ 12.2 3.2 10.9 26.3 15.2 6.1 7.6 26.5 1.5 15.2 1.3 10.9 10.9 .8 2.6 12.2 7.6 9.8 .8 11.4 1.3 8.4 8.0 9.1 .6 11.0 .6 8.3 8.3 3 Beginning with 1966, data revised to refer to persons 16 years of age and over in accordance with change introduced in January 1967. 153 T A B L E "*4. Covered employ ment State and year Average monthly number of workers i (in thou sands) State Unemployment Insurance, 1960-71 Average weekly insured unemployment Number (in thou sands) Percent of covered employ ment (rate) Claimants exhausting benefits Benefici aries, first payments (in thou sands) Initial claims (in thousands) Number (thousands) As percent of first payments 2 Average actual duration (weeks) Average weekly benefit amount Benefits paid (thousands of dollars) 40,523 45,495 50,869 52,963 52,814 52,814 1,908 1,328 1,111 1,101 1,805 2,150 4.8 3.0 2.2 2.1 3.4 4.1 6, 753 4,813 4,198 4, 214 6,402 3 6, 529 17, 213 12,047 10,463 10,385 15,387 15, 337 1,603 1,086 848 812 1, 295 * 1,976 26.1 21.5 19.6 19.8 24.4 p 29.8 12.7 12.2 11.6 11.4 12.3 p 14.4 $32. 87 37.19 43. 43 46.17 50.31 p 52. 90 $2, 726,656 2,166,004 2,031,617 2,127, 877 3,848, 467 4,957, 026 Alabama___________ Alaska.............. .......... Arizona____________ Arkansas.................... California__________ 710 56 391 399 5, 242 24 5 11 15 297 3.4 9.4 2.9 3.8 5.7 78 16 33 52 879 179 33 96 117 2,098 24 5 10 14 347 33.4 26.7 25.2 29.7 35.8 13.1 16.9 13.0 11.4 15.8 42. 49 4 48. 29 46. 39 40. 56 54. 27 42, 520 13,142 19, 805 22, 826 742,623 Colorado.................. Connecticut________ Delaware___________ District of Columbia. Florida....................... 508 1,018 169 350 1,533 8 69 5 7 38 1.5 6.8 2.8 1.9 2.5 25 3 206 22 19 100 77 375 40 35 280 5 3 65 4 6 42 20.5 31.2 20.0 31.5 38.5 10.4 3 15.9 11.4 17.9 12.4 60. 05 3 4 63.40 52. 62 4 59.14 40.19 15, 422 229, 238 12, 561 17,977 49,415 Georgia................ ...... H aw aii...__________ Id a h o........................ Illinois....................... Indiana....................... 1,124 262 155 3,193 1,395 22 10 7 96 41 2.0 4.0 4.4 3.0 2.9 85 26 23 328 168 167 52 55 637 367 28 8 6 96 49 32.3 34.9 26.3 29.6 29.0 10.2 17.9 11.0 13.7 11.0 43. 87 64. 75 49. 38 4 52. 60 4 42. 24 36,664 27,970 11,516 232,629 77,173 Iowa......... ........... ...... Kansas................... Kentucky__________ L ouisiana................. Maine.......................... 581 433 629 724 224 15 16 23 28 15 2.6 3.7 3.6 3.9 6.7 53 47 77 90 40 112 97 154 205 111 18 19 19 32 16 34.0 34.3 24.7 34.9 33.9 12.8 15.0 11.9 14.7 12.7 53. 88 51.25 47.13 46. 99 47. 28 35, 617 35. 359 42,117 60,790 26, 881 Maryland_____ ____ _ Massachusetts_______ M ichigan............... . Minnesota................... Mississippi__________ 948 1,735 2,365 985 390 33 96 126 33 10 3.4 5.5 5.3 3.3 2.5 114 257 366 101 32 237 548 951 184 81 24 93 116 38 8 24.7 38.6 31.0 36. 7 25.3 12.7 17.8 14.2 13.9 12.1 4 56. 56 4 57. 00 4 59. 27 50. 60 35. 22 78, 968 262,477 294,624 69,562 13,158 Missouri____________ M ontana................... Nebraska.................... Nevada________ ____ New Hampshire........ 1,189 126 306 161 195 45 6 6 8 7 3.8 4.4 2.1 4.9 3.5 144 18 23 28 27 383 44 41 91 53 38 5 7 8 3 26.4 32.4 30.2 31.0 10.0 12.5 12.7 13.3 12.7 11.1 49. 53 39.18 44.12 4 50. 67 47. 86 84,840 8,894 13,550 18,364 13, 789 New Jersey................ New Mexico________ New York_________ North Carolina....... . North Dakota............ 2, 066 186 5, 620 1,351 87 112 8 265 33 3 5.4 4.3 4. 7 2.5 3.9 265 18 789 135 10 673 71 1, 856 342 19 163 5 206 23 2 16.2 16.0 16.1 10.8 14.1 i 58. 33 45. 01 59. 01 39. 57 47.38 332, 879 12,798 715,105 55, 711 6,377 O h io ...____________ Oklahoma__________ Oregon.._____ ______ Pennsvlvania............. Rhode Island.......... . 2,925 494 542 3,367 279 93 18 29 140 17 3.2 3.6 5.4 4.2 5.9 298 47 82 453 55 711 112 244 1,193 148 65 21 21 80 19 23.4 45.6 24.3 18.8 34.0 13.4 15.5 14.4 13. 7 14.0 4 50. 05 40. 47 45.15 52. 63 4 56. 32 197, 239 29, 228 51, 693 294,972 40,858 South Carolina______ South Dakota....... . Tennessee__________ Texas.......................... Utah...................... . Vermont................... . 624 95 958 2, 599 233 102 18 2 33 46 9 6 2.8 2.3 3.4 1.8 3.8 5.6 61 7 110 145 28 16 129 14 196 348 58 36 19 2 34 56 7 4 28.1 29.3 27.7 36.6 28.6 27.3 12. 2 11.2 12.0 13.8 12.5 15.8 42.12 41.39 42. 21 41.11 46. 38 55. 07 30, 784 3,004 54, 011 80, 778 15, 502 13,668 Virginia.................... . Washington_________ West V irginia.......... . Wisconsin___________ Wyoming.................... Puerto R ico________ 1,014 780 362 1,156 74 404 13 73 14 42 1 52 1.3 9.4 4.0 3.8 1.9 10.8 50 188 58 121 5 98 114 510 114 297 12 234 12 100 7 28 1 44 21.8 49.0 14. 2 20.1 19.1 51.0 10.4 17.3 9.8 15.2 10.8 14.9 46.41 59.34 32. 94 58. 40 48.30 31.62 23. 587 210,199 20, 579 103, 511 2, 711 51, 364 1960________________ 1965......... .................. . 1968________________ 1969________________ 1970________________ 1971________________ 1971 1Data given for 1971 are calendar year 1970 data. 2 Exhaustions as a percent of first payments 6 months earlier. 3 Includes estimated data for December. 4 Includes dependents’ allowances. 154 3 1 21.4 28.1 27. 2 15.5 20. 2 1 p= Preliminary. Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Manpower Administration. T A B L E 75. The Insured Unemployed, by Industry Division, 1960-71 [ P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f a n n u a l a v era g es] In d u stry d ivision T o ta l Y ea rs M ining 1960___________________________________________________ 1 9 6 1 - ________ _________________________________________ 1962.---------- .....------------------------------------------------------------1963___________________________________________________ 1964_____________ ______________________________________ 1966___________________________________________________ 1970.____ _________ ____________________________________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 ICO. 0 100.0 2.6 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.0 .8 .9 C on tract M anufac turing con stru c tion 16.5 16.3 17.7 17.4 17.8 18.7 20.4 18.8 18.3 18.1 16.0 15.2 T A B L E 76. 50.9 49.7 46.1 46.4 45.4 43.3 43.1 47.6 46.2 46.5 50.9 47.4 3.8 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.1 4.1 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.7 Source: M a n p o w e r i I n c lu d e s P u e r t o R i c o b e g in n in g in 1961, e x c e p t fo r s u g a r c a n e w o rk e rs. W hole sale and retail trade P u b lic utilities F inan ce, insur ance, and real estate Services 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.5 7.4 7.7 8.7 9.2 9.8 10.6 10.4 9.6 10.4 10.6 9.9 11.3 14.6 15.9 16.7 16.5 16.7 17.1 16.0 14.8 15.4 14.8 13.6 15.4 i A ll other 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.9 2 0 1.5 1.0 .5 In form a tion not available 0.< .1 i t .f .3 .3 .3 .4 1.2 l.fl 2.1 A d m in is tra tio n . The Insured Unemployed, by M ajor Occupationa! Group, 1960-71 1 [ P e r c e n t d i s t r ib u t io n o f a n n u a l av era g es] M a jo r o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p Years Total I960 .................................... 1961 1962 1963 ................................ . 1964 1965 1966 ..................................... 1967...... ........... ...................... 1968.______ _______________ 1969_________ ____________ 1970______________________ 1971_____ _________________ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Professional, Clerical and sales technical, and mana gerial Service 12.2 13.0 14.2 14.6 15.4 15.9 15.0 14.2 15.3 15.5 15.3 16.8 7.4 7.7 8.2 8.4 8.6 9.0 9.5 9.1 9.7 9.6 7.7 8.5 3.4 3.4 3.8 4.1 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 5.5 6.1 7.4 8.2 Farming, fishery, for estry, and related occu pations Machine trades Bench work Structur al work Miscella neous occupa tions Entry occu pations and information not available 1.2 .6 .6 .5 .4 .4 1.0 1.0 1.0 .8 .8 8.9 8.4 8.3 10. 4 10.3 7.2 7.5 6.8 5.9 6.1 Source: M a n p o w e r 1 I n c lu d e s P u e r t o R i c o b e g in n in g in 1961, e x c e p t for s u g a rca n e w o rk e rs . T A B L E 77. Process ing 17.4 16.2 17.0 16.7 13.8 22.3 21.2 20.7 20.4 19.0 .4 .6 .8 14.6 14.4 13.6 13.1 13.2 1.4 2.2 3 .3 A d m in is tra tio n . The Insured Unemployed, by Sex, A g e , and Duration of Unemployment, 1960-71 1 [Percent distribution of annual averages] A g e in y e a r s S ex D u r a t io n * Y ea rs 1960____________________________ 1961____________________________ 1962____________________________ 1963____________________________ 1964____________________________ 1965____________________________ 1966________________ ____________ 1967.................................................... 1 9 6 8 .______ ____________________ 1969................................................ 1970____________________________ 1971____________________________ T ota l M en W om en 1 00 .0 100 .0 100 .0 100 .0 100.0 100 ,0 100. 0 100 .0 1 00 .0 100 .0 100.0 100 .0 6 6 .0 66 .7 6 4 .5 62. 5 6 0 .8 60.1 59 1 5 7 .7 5 7 .2 5 5 .7 5 9 .0 6 1 .1 3 4 .0 3 3 .3 3 5 .5 37. 5 3 9 .2 39 9 4 0 .9 4 2 .2 4 2 .8 4 4 .3 4 1 .0 3 8 .4 T o ta l 100 .0 100.0 100.0 100 .0 100 .0 100 0 100 0 io o . o ! 100 .0 100 .0 , 100.0 1 00 .0 | T ota l under 45 6 1 .0 61.7 5 9 .0 6 0 .0 59.2 57 .3 5 5 .3 5 6 .8 55 .3 5 3 .6 58. 0 5 9 .5 U nder 25 1 5 .0 15. 5 14.7 15.9 1 5 .5 14.8 13.1 14.4 13 .6 13 .0 1 5 .8 j 17. 3 1 I n c lu d e s P u e r t o R i c o b e g in n in g in 1961, e x c e p t s u g a r c a n e w o rk e rs . 2 L e s s t h a n 0.05 p e r c e n t . * L e n g t h o f c u r r e n t sp e ll o f in s u r e d u n e m p l o y m e n t . 25-34 22. 6 22. 6 2 1 .3 2 1 .0 2 0 .9 20. 5 20. 0 2 0 .5 2 0 .3 2 0 .3 22. 5 2 3 .4 35-44 2 3 .4 23 .7 2 3 .0 2 3 .0 2 2 .8 22 1 22. 2 2 1 .9 2 1 .4 2 0 .3 i 9 .7 ; 1 8 .8 ! T ota l 45 a n d over 55-64 45-54 3 8 .8 3 8 .2 4 0 .9 40 0 4 0 .8 4 2 .6 44 .7 43 .1 4 4 .6 4 5 .7 41. 0 3 9 .4 N ote: B e c a u s e 2 0 .2 2 0 .0 20. 5 2 0 .2 20. 6 2 1 .2 2 1 .2 2 1 .2 2 1 .3 2 1 .2 . 20. 1 19.2 12.8 12.8 14.1 13.8 1 4 .3 15.2 16.3 15.5 16.1 16 .9 14.9 1 4 .4 | 65 and over I n fo r m a t io n not a v a il a b le 5 .8 5. 4 6. 3 6 0 5 .9 6 .3 7 .2 6 .4 7 .1 7 .7 | 6 .o ; 5 .8 | 0 .2 .1 .1 (2) (*) ( ?) (2) .1 .1 .7 •6 •7 T ota l 100 .0 100. 0 100 0 100.0 100 0 100. 0 100 .0 100.0 1 00 .0 100 .0 I 10 ). 0 100 .0 ! 1-4 w eeks 5-14 w eeks 4 1 .9 37 .7 41.1 4 0 .9 41 5 42 6 46 4 45.1 4 3 .6 4 3 .0 3 9 .4 3 2 .7 4 1 .3 4 1 .7 4 1 .0 4 1 .4 4 0 .6 4 0 .8 3 9 .2 4 0 .0 4 0 .5 4 1 .1 42.1 4 3 .2 o f r o u n d in g s u m s o f in d i v id u a l ite m s m a y n o t Source: M a n p o w e r 15 w eeks and over 1 6 .8 20. 6 1 7 .9 1 7 .7 1 7 .8 1 6 .6 14 4 1 5 .0 1 5 .9 1 5 .9 1 8 .4 2 3 .9 equal totals A d m in is t r a t io n . 155 T A B L E 78. Averag e W eekly Hours of Production or Nonsupervisory Workers1 on Private Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Industry Division, 1932-71 7 M a n u fa c t u r in g Y ea r an d m on th 1932______ _______________ 1933______________________ 1934______________________ 1935 _____________________ 1936 ____ _________ 1937______________________ 1938 _______________ 1939 ____________ _______ 1940 ______________ 1941 . . . . .................. .. 1942 ___________ 1943 .................. .. 1944 ______________ 1945 ____________ ________ 1946 - ________________ 1947______________________ 1948 _____________________ 1949......... .............................. 1950_____ ________________ 1951 ________________ 1952______ _________ 1953______________________ 1954________ _____________ 1955 . __________ _______ 1956______________________ 1957_____ ________ ________ 1958____________ _________ 1959 _____________________ I960 ................... ........ 1961 ________________ 1962 .. ..................... 1963 _______________ _____ 1964___________ ________ _ 1965______________________ 1966......................................... 1967....... ................................. 1968......... ................. - ........... 1 9 6 9 . . . . .............................. 1970......... ............... ............... 1971......................................... T ota l P r iv a te W h o le s a le a n d r e ta il tr a d e T ran sp or t a t io n a n d p u b lic u t ilit ie s T ota l 2 D u r a b le goods N on du r a b le goods 3 2 .5 3 4 .7 3 3 .8 3 7 .2 4 0 .9 3 9 .9 3 4 .9 3 7 .9 3 9 .2 4 2 .0 4 5 .0 4 6 .5 4 6 .5 4 4 .0 4 0 .4 4 0 .5 4 0 .4 3 9 .4 41.1 4 1 .5 4 1 .5 4 1 .2 4 0 .1 4 1 .3 4 1 .0 4 0 .3 3 9 .5 4 0 .7 4 0 .1 4 0 .3 4 0 .9 4 1 .1 4 1 .4 4 2 .0 4 2 .1 4 1 .2 4 1 .4 4 1 .3 4 0 .3 4 0 .4 4 1 .9 4 0 .0 3 5 .1 3 6 .1 3 7 .7 3 7 .4 3 6 .1 3 7 .4 3 7 .0 3 8 .9 4 0 .3 4 2 .5 4 3 .1 4 2 .3 4 0 .5 4 0 .2 3 9 .6 3 8 .9 3 9 .7 3 9 .5 3 9 .7 3 9 .6 3 9 .0 3 9 .9 3 9 .6 3 9 .2 3 8 .8 3 9 .7 3 9 .2 3 9 .3 3 9 .6 3 9 .6 3 9 .7 4 0 .1 4 0 .2 3 9 .7 3 9 .8 3 9 .7 3 9 .1 3 9 .3 4 i.i 4 1 .3 4 .2 4 0 .5 4 0 .6 4 0 .7 4 0 .5 4 0 .2 4 0 .5 4 0 .4 4 0 .5 4 0 .5 4 0 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .4 3 9 .1 3 8 .7 3 8 .6 3 8 .8 3 8 .6 3 8 .3 3 8 .2 3 8 .1 3 7 .9 3 7 .7 3 7 .1 3 6 .5 3 6 .0 3 5 .6 3 5 .3 3 5 .1 W h o le sa le T ota l 4 0 .3 4 0 .0 3 9 .4 3 9 .8 3 9 .9 3 9 .9 3 9 .6 3 9 .1 3 9 .6 3 9 .3 3 8 .8 3 8 .5 3 9 .0 3 8 .6 3 8 .6 3 8 .7 3 8 .8 3 8 .7 3 8 .8 3 8 .6 3 8 .0 3 7 .8 3 7 .7 3 7 .1 3 7 .0 4 0 .8 3 9 .4 3 6 .3 3 7 .9 3 8 .4 3 8 .6 3 8 .8 3 8 .6 4 0 .7 4 0 .8 4 0 .1 3 8 .9 4 0 .5 4 0 .4 4 0 .5 4 0 .9 4 1 .6 4 1 .9 4 2 .3 4 2 .7 4 2 .6 4 2 .6 4 3 .0 4 2 .7 4 2 .4 3 8 .2 3 8 .1 3 7 .7 3 7 .4 3 8 .1 3 8 .9 3 7 .9 3 7 .2 3 7 .1 3 7 .5 3 7 .0 3 6 .8 3 7 .0 3 6 .7 3 6 .9 3 7 .0 3 7 .3 3 7 .2 3 7 .4 3 7 .6 3 7 .7 3 7 .4 3 7 .9 3 7 .4 3 7 .3 3 7 .1 3 7 .0 3 7 .1 3 6 .9 3 7 .0 3 7 .4 3 7 .6 3 7 .6 3 7 .0 3 6 .9 3 6 .8 3 7 .1 4 2 .3 4 2 .5 4 2 .3 4 3 .1 4 2 .6 4 2 .8 4 2 .8 4 2 .6 4 2 .3 4 3 .0 4 2 .7 4 3 .0 3 5 .7 3 6 .8 3 7 .3 3 7 .9 3 8 .1 3 8 .3 3 8 .4 3 8 .5 3 6 .2 3 7 .6 3 6 .2 3 7 .4 4 0 .0 3 9 .8 4 0 .0 3 9 .6 3 9 .8 4 0 .1 3 9 .9 3 9 .8 3 9 .6 3 9 .6 3 9 .7 3 9 .9 4 0 .6 4 0 .3 4 0 .6 4 0 .1 4 0 .3 4 0 .7 4 0 .3 4 0 .2 4 0 .1 4 0 .1 4 0 .1 4 0 .5 3 9 .2 3 9 .1 3 9 .2 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .2 3 9 .3 3 9 .3 3 8 .9 3 9 .0 3 9 .1 3 9 .3 4 0 .4 4 0 .5 4 0 .3 3 9 .9 4 0 .2 4 0 .8 4 1 .1 4 0 .6 4 0 .7 4 0 .4 4 0 .5 4 0 .4 3 5 .0 3 4 .9 3 5 .0 3 4 .8 3 5 .0 3 5 .5 3 6 .2 3 6 .2 3 5 .3 3 5 .0 3 4 .9 3 5 .3 4 0 .2 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .9 3 9 .9 4 0 .1 4 0 .3 4 0 .1 3 9 .7 3 9 .9 3 9 .7 4 0 .1 3 6 .6 3 6 .6 3 6 .8 3 6 .7 3 6 .8 3 7 .3 3 7 .3 3 7 .4 3 7 .0 3 7 .0 3 7 .0 3 7 .3 4 2 .4 4 1 .9 4 2 .1 4 2 .3 4 2 .4 4 2 .6 4 2 .6 4 2 .3 4 2 .1 4 2 .8 4 2 .3 4 2 .8 3 6 .0 3 5 .5 3 7 .1 3 7 .0 3 7 .0 3 8 .0 3 8 .1 3 8 .3 3 6 .9 3 8 .2 3 7 .9 3 6 .5 3 9 .6 3 9 .4 3 9 .7 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 4 0 .2 3 9 .8 3 9 .8 3 9 .8 4 0 .0 4 0 .2 4 0 .7 4 0 .1 3 9 .9 4 0 .4 4 0 .0 4 0 .5 4 0 .8 4 0 .1 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .5 4 0 .7 4 1 .4 3 8 .9 3 8 .7 3 8 .9 3 8 .9 3 9 .2 3 9 .4 3 9 .4 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .4 3 9 .6 3 9 .8 3 9 .7 4 0 .4 4 0 .2 4 0 .2 3 9 .8 4 0 .8 3 8 .4 4 0 .7 4 0 .8 4 0 .5 4 0 .6 4 0 .6 3 4 .7 3 4 .6 3 4 .7 3 4 .8 3 4 .8 3 5 .4 3 6 .1 3 6 .0 3 5 .2 3 5 .0 3 4 .9 3 5 .5 3 9 .6 3 9 .4 3 9 .6 3 9 .4 3 9 .6 4 0 .0 3 9 .9 3 9 .9 3 9 .7 3 9 .8 3 9 .8 4 0 .3 1971 J a n u a r y _________________ F e b r u a r y ............................ M a r c h . ............................... A p r i l .......... .......................... M a y _____________________ J u n e _____________________ J u l y .......... ............................ A u g u s t ............................ S e p t e m b e r ......................... O c t o b e r ............................... N o v e m b e r ....................... .. D e c e m b e r ........................... C o n tr a c t con stru c t io n 3 8 .3 3 8 .1 3 4 .6 3 6 .6 3 9 .2 3 8 .6 3 5 .6 3 7 .7 3 8 .1 4 0 .6 4 3 .1 4 5 .0 4 5 .2 4 3 .5 4 0 .3 4 0 .4 4 0 .0 3 9 .1 4 0 .5 4 0 .6 4 0 .7 4 0 .5 3 9 .6 4 0 .7 4 0 .4 3 9 .8 3 9 .2 4 0 .3 3 9 .7 3 9 .8 4 0 .4 4 0 .5 4 0 .7 4 1 .2 4 1 .3 4 0 .6 4 0 .7 4 0 .6 3 9 .8 3 9 .9 1970 J a n u a r y .................... ........... F e b r u a r y ............................ M a r c h . ............................ A p r i l ____________________ M a y -------------------------------J u n e _______ ________ ____ J u l y ..................................... .. A u g u s t _________________ S e p t e m b e r _____________ O c t o b e r ______ __________ N o v e m b e r ______________ D e c e m b e r ______________ M in in g 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and maufacturing: to con struction workers in contract construction: and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. 2 Prior data are as follows: 44.2 51.0 1921. . . 43.1 1925— . . 44.5 1 929.... 1909— „ 49.4 1922..._ 44.2 1 926.... __ 45.0 1930— . . 42.1 1914— 40.5 45.6 1927.... . . 45.0 1931___ 46.3 1923— 1919— 1920— . . 47.4 1924.... . . 43.7 1928— . . 44.4 Digitized 156 for FRASER 1 ! i 1 ! ! ! ! 4 1 .6 4 2 .9 4 3 .1 4 2 .3 4 1 .8 4 1 .3 4 1 .1 4 1 .4 4 2 .3 4 3 .0 4 2 .8 4 1 .6 4 1 .1 4 1 .0 4 0 .8 4 0 .7 4 0 .8 4 0 .7 4 0 .6 4 0 .5 4 0 .7 4 0 .5 4 0 .3 4 0 .2 4 0 .6 4 0 .5 1 4 0 .5 4 0 .6 4 0 .6 4 0 .6 4 0 .8 4 0 .7 4 0 .3 40.1 4 0 .2 4 0 .0 3 9 .8 R e t a il tra d e F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , a n d rea l e s ta te 3 4 3 .4 4 3 .2 4 2 .8 4 1 .8 4 0 .9 4 1 .0 4 0 .9 4 1 .3 4 4 0 .3 4 0 .2 4 0 .4 4 0 .4 4 0 .4 3 9 .8 3 9 .1 3 9 .2 3 9 .0 3 8 .6 3 8 .1 3 8 .1 3 8 .2 3 8 .0 1 3 7 .6 3 7 .4 3 7 .3 3 7 .0 3 6 .6 3 5 .9 ' 3 5 .3 3 4 .7 3 4 .2 3 3 .8 3 3 .7 S e r v ic e s 3 7 .9 3 7 .9 3 7 .8 3 7 .7 j - - .............. 3 7 .7 3 7 .8 3 7 .7 3 7 .6 3 7 .6 3 6 .9 3 6 .7 3 7 .1 3 7 .3 3 7 .2 3 6 .9 3 7 .3 3 7 .5 3 7 .3 3 7 .2 3 7 .3 3 7 .0 3 7 .0 3 7 .1 ; 3 6 .8 3 7 .0 3 6 .0 3 5 .9 3 5 .5 3 5 .1 3 4 .7 3 4 .7 3 4 .4 3 4 .2 3 3 .4 3 3 .3 3 3 .4 3 3 .2 3 3 .4 3 4 .1 3 4 .8 3 5 .0 3 3 .8 3 3 .5 3 3 .4 3 3 .9 3 6 .9 3 7 .0 3 7 .0 3 6 .9 3 6 .7 3 6 .7 3 6 .8 3 6 .9 3 6 .6 3 6 .8 3 6 .8 3 6 .7 3 4 .3 3 4 .3 3 4 .4 3 4 .3 3 4 .2 3 4 .4 3 4 .9 3 5 .0 3 4 .3 3 4 .2 3 4 .2 3 4 .3 3 3 .1 3 3 .1 3 3 .1 3 3 .3 3 4 .3 3 4 .0 3 4 .8 3 4 .7 3 3 .7 3 3 .5 3 3 .4 3 4 .1 3 6 .7 3 6 .8 3 6 .9 3 6 .9 3 6 .9 3 7 .0 3 7 .1 3 7 .3 3 6 .9 3 7 .0 3 7 .0 3 7 .0 3 4 .0 3 4 .0 3 4 .0 3 4 .0 3 3 .9 3 4 .2 3 4 .8 3 4 .7 3 4 .1 3 4 .1 3 4 .0 3 4 .2 3 Excludes data on nonoffice salesmen. 4 Beginning 1947, includes data on eating and drinking places. N o te : Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959. T A B L E 79. Average W eekly Hours of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajor Industry Group, 1947-71 Durable goods Total Ord nance and accesso ries Lum ber and wood products Furni ture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries 1947________ _____________ 1948_______ ___________. . . . 1949............. .............. ............ 1950............. .............. .......... . 1951.................... .................... 1952............. .................... . 1953.................. .................... 1954......... ............ ................. 1955...................................... . 1956........................................ 1957____________ _________ 1958........................................ 1959...................................... 1960........................................ 1961...................................... . 1962____ _________________ 1963____ ________ _________ 1 9 6 4 ....____ _____________ 1965......................................... 1966............... ........................ 1 9 6 7 ...._______ ___________ 1968..................................... 1969............................... ......... 1970................................... . 1971............. .......................... 40.5 40.4 39.4 41.1 41.5 41.5 41.2 40.1 41.3 41.0 40.3 39.5 40.7 40.1 40.3 40.9 41.1 41.4 42.0 42.1 41.2 41.4 41.3 40.3 40.4 41.2 41.3 39.7 41.6 43.3 42.5 40.7 39.9 40.4 41.5 40.5 40.8 41.3 40.9 41.1 41.2 41.1 40.5 41.9 42.2 41.7 41.5 40.4 40.6 41.7 40.3 40.0 39.2 39.5 39.3 39.7 39.2 39.1 39.5 38.8 38.3 38.6 39.7 39.0 39.4 39.8 40.1 40.4 40.9 40.8 40.2 40.6 40.2 39.7 40.3 41.5 41.0 40.0 41.8 41.1 41.4 40.9 40.0 41.4 40.7 39.9 39.3 40.7 40.0 40.0 40.7 40.9 41.2 41.6 41.5 40.4 40.6 40.4 39.2 39.8 41.0 40.7 39.7 41.1 41.4 41.1 40.8 40.5 41.4 41.1 40.4 40.0 41.2 40.6 40.7 40.9 41.4 41.7 42.0 42.0 41.6 41.8 41.9 41.2 41.6 39.9 40.2 38.4 40.9 41.6 40.8 41.0 38.8 41.3 41.0 39.6 38.3 40.5 39.0 39.6 40.2 41.0 41.8 42.1 42.1 41.1 41.6 41.8 40.5 40.4 40.9 40.7 39.7 41.5 41.8 41.7 41.8 40.8 41.7 41.3 40.9 39.9 40.9 40.5 40.5 41.1 41.4 41.7 42.1 42.4 41.5 41.7 41.6 40.7 40.3 41.5 41.3 39.6 41.9 43.5 43.0 42.4 40.7 42.0 42.3 41.1 39.8 41.5 41.0 41.0 41.7 41.8 42.4 43.1 43.8 42.6 42.1 42.5 41.1 40.6 40.3 40.1 39.5 41.1 41.2 41.2 40.8 39.8 40.7 40.8 40.1 39.6 40.5 39.8 40.2 40.6 40.3 40.5 41.0 41.2 40.2 40.3 40.4 39.9 39.9 39.7 39.4 39.6 41.4 41.2 41.8 41.6 40.9 42.3 41.4 40.8 40.0 40.7 40.7 40.5 42.0 42.1 42.1 42.9 42.6 41.4 42.2 41.5 40.3 40.7 40.4 40.2 39.7 41.3 42.2 42.0 41.5 40.0 40.9 41.0 40.4 39.8 40.8 40.4 40.7 4 .9 40.8 40.8 41.4 42.1 41.3 40.5 40.7 40.1 39.8 40.5 40.6 39.6 40.8 40.5 40.7 40.5 39.6 40.3 40.0 39.7 39.2 39.9 39.3 39.5 39.7 39.6 39.6 39.9 40.0 39.4 39.4 39.0 38.7 38.9 1970 January................................ F ebruary.......... ............... . March.................................... A p ril................................. . M ay------------ --------------------June................................. . July..................... ................. A ugust.............. .......... ......... September....................— October............................. . N ovem ber............................ December......... ................... 40.6 40.3 40.6 40.1 40.3 40.7 40.3 40.2 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.5 40.9 40.7 40.8 40.8 40.7 40.7 39.8 40.2 39.9 40.2 40.5 41.1 39.0 39.4 39.5 39.8 40.1 40.1 39.6 40.0 39.8 39.6 39.6 39.7 38.9 38.7 39.1 38.7 38.5 39.1 38.8 39.5 38.9 39.9 39.7 40.4 40.7 40.7 41.2 41.4 41.4 41.4 41.3 41.5 41.4 41.3 41.1 41.3 41.3 40.8 40.8 40.4 40.4 40.7 40.6 40.4 41.0 39.5 39.4 39.9 41.0 40.6 40.9 40.7 40.7 41.2 40.9 40.7 40.4 40.4 40.3 40.6 42.2 41.9 42.1 41.4 41.1 41.2 40.6 40.4 40.2 40.4 40.6 40.9 40.3 39.7 40.1 39.6 39.6 39.9 39.7 39.7 39.4 39.9 40.0 40.3 40.1 39.6 40.0 39.2 40.4 41.5 40.7 40.0 40.4 40.4 40.6 41.0 40.5 40.2 40.8 40.3 40.1 40.3 40.0 39.8 39.7 40.0 40.2 40.0 38.8 38.8 39.0 38.8 38.6 38.7 38.4 38.6 38.3 38.7 38.9 39.0 1971 January............................... February............................. March............................... . A p ril.............. .................... M ay................................ — June...... ................................ J uly_____________________ A ugust.................................. September....................... . October___ ______ ________ N o v e m b e r ...-------- ---------December............................. 40.1 39.9 40.4 40.0 40.5 40.8 40.1 40.0 40.0 40.5 40.7 41.4 41.6 41.2 41.8 41.3 41.5 41.8 41.3 41.7 41.9 41.8 42.0 42.4 38.9 39.3 39.9 40.1 40.2 40.9 40.4 40.5 40.4 41.0 40.6 40.8 38.9 38.7 39.4 38.9 39.5 40.1 39.7 40.4 40.0 40.4 40.4 40.9 40.3 40.6 41.3 41.1 41.6 42 3 42.0 42.3 41.9 42.1 41.9 41.6 40.4 40.5 40.8 41.1 41.1 41.3 40.7 38.8 39.5 39.7 39.9 41.0 40.1 39.8 40.1 39.8 40.7 40.9 40.3 40.3 39.9 40.3 40.6 41.3 40.2 40.1 40.5 40.0 40.5 40.7 40.3 40.3 40.6 40.8 41.1 41.9 39.6 39.2 39.7 39.4 39.8 40.1 39.6 40.0 40.0 40.1 40.4 40.9 41.2 40.8 41.3 39.8 41.2 41.5 39.4 39.3 39.1 41.0 41.1 42.5 39.6 39.3 39.7 39.5 39.8 39.8 39.5 39.6 40.0 40.1 40.5 40.8 38.3 38.0 38.8 38.5 38.8 38.8 38.6 39.2 38.9 39.3 39.5 39.5 Year and month N ote : Fabri Machinery, cated except metal electrical products Elec trical equip ment nd supplies Trans porta tion equip ment Instru Miscel ments laneous and m anufac related turing products indus tries Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959. 157 T A B L E 79. Average W eekly Hours of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajor Industry Group, 1947-71 — Continued N ondu rab le goods Year and month Total 1970 1971 January______________________ February_________ ___________ March________________________ April_____________________ . . . . May__________________________ June__________________________ July_________ _____ __________ August_______________________ September____________________ O cto b e r.____ __________________ November____________________ December_____________________ N ote: Paper Apparel and and Printing otner allied and textile products publishing products Chemicals and allied products Petroleum a id coal products Rubber and plastics products, nec. Leather and leather products 38.9 38.3 37.3 38.1 38.5 38.4 38.1 37.6 38.7 38.8 38.4 39.1 39.1 38.2 39.0 38.6 38.7 3«.8 37.9 38.9 38.6 37.9 37.4 37.8 37.0 39.6 39.2 37.6 39.6 38.8 39.1 39.1 38.3 40.1 39.7 38.9 38.6 40.4 39.5 39.9 40.6 40.6 41.0 41.8 41.9 40.9 41.2 40.8 39.9 40.6 36.0 35.8 35.4 36.0 35.6 36.3 36.1 35.3 36.3 36.0 35.7 35.1 36.3 35.4 35.4 36.2 36.1 35. 9 36.4 36.4 36.0 36.1 35.9 35.3 35.5 43.1 42.8 41.7 43. 3 43.1 42.8 43.0 42 3 43.1 42.8 4 .3 41.9 42.8 42.1 42.5 42.5 42.7 49 8 43.1 43.4 42.8 42.9 43.0 41.9 42.1 40.2 39.4 38.8 38.9 38.9 38 9 39.0 38.5 38.9 38.9 38.6 38.0 38.4 38.4 38.2 38.3 38.3 3<i. 5 38.6 38.8 38.4 38.3 38.4 37.7 37.6 41.2 41.2 40.7 41.2 41.3 40.9 41.0 40.8 41.1 41.1 40.9 40. 7 41.4 41.3 41.4 41.6 41.5 41.6 41.9 42.0 41.6 41.8 41.8 41.6 41.6 40.6 40.6 40.3 40.8 40.8 40.5 40.7 40.7 40.9 41.0 40.8 40.9 41.2 41.1 41.3 41.6 41.7 41 8 42.2 42.4 42.7 42.5 42.6 42.7 42.4 39.9 39.2 38.4 41.0 40.7 40.8 40.4 39.8 41.8 40.4 40.6 39.2 41.3 39.9 40.4 41.0 40.8 42.0 42.0 41.4 41.5 41.1 40.3 40.3 38.6 37. 2 36.6 37.6 36.9 38.4 37.7 36.9 37.9 37.6 37.4 36.7 37.8 36.9 37.4 37.6 37.5 3L9 38 2 38.6 38.1 38.3 37.2 37.2 37.7 39.2 39.1 39.2 39.0 39.0 39.2 39.3 39.3 38.9 39.0 39.1 39.3 40.5 40.0 40.0 39.9 40.5 40.5 40.7 41.2 40.8 40.6 40.6 40.7 37.2 36.9 36.4 37.1 36.8 38.0 37.4 37.7 37.6 39.4 38.5 39.7 40.0 40.0 40.1 35.2 35.5 35.8 35.4 35.1 35.4 35.4 35.5 34.2 34.9 35.4 35.3 42.4 41.9 42.0 41.7 41.8 41.7 41.7 41.9 41.8 41.9 41.8 41.9 37.7 37.8 38.0 37.7 37.6 37.8 37.8 37.8 37.7 37.5 37.5 38.0 41.7 41.6 41.8 41.5 41.6 41.5 41.4 41.2 42.0 41.3 41.5 41.6 41.9 41.8 41.8 42.2 42.7 42.8 43.4 43.2 43.4 43.3 43.1 42.9 40.7 40.6 40.4 40.3 39.9 40.3 40.4 40.5 40.5 39.9 39.7 39.9 37.7 37.4 37.1 36.3 37.5 38.0 37.9 36.9 36.2 36.8 37.2 37.9 38.9 38.7 38.9 38.9 39.2 39.4 39.4 39.5 39.5 39.4 39.6 39.8 40.4 40.0 39.9 39.8 40.3 40.5 40.6 40.7 40.9 40.1 40.1 40.6 38.3 35.6 36.8 36.7 37.9 36.8 39.3 37.4 37.8 36.0 35.7 36.0 40.0 40.0 40.2 40.0 40.6 41.0 40.1 40.8 40.6 41.0 41.4 41.5 34.8 34.7 35.4 35.0 35.5 35.5 35.8 36.0 35.5 41.5 41.4 41.6 41.9 42.0 42.3 42.4 42.5 42 2 37.2 37.1 37.5 37.3 37.6 37.7 37.6 37.7 37.7 41.3 41.3 41.4 41.9 41.5 41.7 41.3 41.3 42.1 39.9 39.6 39.9 39.9 40.3 40.7 40.1 40.3 40.5 37.2 36.9 37.1 37.2 37.8 38.1 38.2 37.6 36.9 3 7 .6 41. 5 42.0 42.3 41.8 42.3 42.5 42.6 43.0 42.6 42.8 4 2 .6 4 0 .6 37.6 38.0 41.6 41.9 42.1 42.3 40.8 41.2 D a ta inclu de A laska and H aw aii beginning Digitized 158 for FRASER Textile mill products 43.2 42.4 41.9 41.9 42.1 41.9 41.5 41.3 41.5 41.3 40.8 40.8 41.0 40.8 40.9 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.1 41.2 40.9 40.8 40.8 40.5 40.3 40.2 1947 _________________________ 39.6 1948 _________________________ 1949 ________________________ 38.9 1950 ________________________ 39.7 1951 ________________________ 39.5 1952 ________________________ 39.7 1953 ________________________ 39.6 1954 ________________________ 39.0 1955 ________________________ 39.9 1956 ________________________ 39.6 1957 ________________________ 39.2 1958 ________________________ 38.8 1959 ________________________ 39.7 39.2 1960 ________________________ 1961 ________________________ 39.3 1962. _______________________ 39.6 1963. _______________________ 39.6 1964 ________________________ 39.7 1965______ ____________________ — 40.1 1966................................................ 40.2 1967_______ _____ _____________ 39.7 1968__________________________ 39.8 1969__________________________ 39.7 1970__________________________ 39.1 1971.____ _____________________ 39.3 January______________________ February_________ ____________ March________________________ April_________________________ May__________________________ June__________________________ July__________________________ August_______________________ September____________________ October_______________________ November____________________ December_____________________ Food and Tobacco kindred manu products factures i 959. 39.9 39.7 40.2 39.9 39.9 39.1 39.8 40.0 40.1 3 5 .9 36.3 35.9 4 2 .3 42.4 42.8 4 1 .3 37 . 7 38.4 38. 7 T A B L E 80. Average W eekly Overtime Hours of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajo r Industry Group, 1956-71 Durable goods Year and month Manufac turing Total 1956________ ______ 1957_______________ 1958........ ................... 1959________ ______ 1960_______________ 1961_______________ 1962______ ________ 1963_______________ 1964_____________ _ 1965............................ 1966............................ 1967............................ 1968............................ 1969............................ 1970............................ 1971............................ 2.8 2.3 2.0 2.7 2.4 2.4 2.8 2.8 3.0 2.4 1.9 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.8 Ord nance and acces sories Lumber and wood products Furni ture and fixtures 2.5 1.7 2.6 2.2 2.3 1.9 1.8 2.2 2.0 2.3 3.2 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.8 4.0 3.6 3.9 3.9 3.3 3.6 2.0 2.8 1.9 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.6 3.9 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.0 2.9 2.9 3.3 3.9 4.3 3.5 3.8 3.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.9 3.8 3.5 2.5 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.0 3.1 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.1 2.9 3.0 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.2 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.8 2.2 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.6 3.8 3.0 3.4 3.3 2.3 2.6 Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal • indus tries Fabri cated metal products 3.3 2.8 2.0 3.1 3.9 2.6 1.8 2.8 2.1 2.8 2.6 2.8 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.7 3.2 3.8 4.0 3.2 3.8 4.1 3.0 3.0 2.4 2.9 3.0 3.4 4.0 4.5 3.8 4.1 4.2 3.3 2.9 3.6 3.3 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.4 2.5 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.0 2.2 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.4 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.8 3.6 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.7 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.2 4.5 4.8 4.2 4.5 1.4 MachinElec Trans Instru Miscel ery, trical portation ments laneous except equip equip and manufac electrical ment and ment related turing supplies products industries 2.9 2.7 2.5 3.1 3.2 3,9 4.6 5.5 4.4 4.0 4.5 3.2 2.6 2.6 1.9 1.4 2.2 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.0 2.3 2.8 3.3 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.3 2.1 3.1 2.5 2.1 2.6 2.7 2.5 3.5 3.6 3.9 4.8 4.7 3.7 4.6 3.8 3.0 3.2 2.5 2.1 1.6 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.4 3.0 3.7 3.1 2.7 3.0 2.3 2.1 2.8 2.4 1.9 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.7 3.0 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.2 1970 January..................... February.................. March........................ A pril.......................... May............................ June........................... July.................... . A ugust...................... S ep tem b er.............. October___________ N ovem ber................ D ecem ber................. 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.7 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.2 3.2 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.1 3.1 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.7 2.5 2.7 4.0 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.0 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.5 3.3 3.3 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.7 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.4 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.9 3.7 3.4 3.1 3.9 3.0 2.8 3.1 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.0 2.1 1.7 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.2 1971 January..................... February.................. March........................ A pril.......................... M ay.................. ......... June..................... . July............................ August............. ......... September................ October..................... N ovem ber................ Decem ber................. 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.8 2.2 3.0 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.8 3.0 3 .0 3.0 3.2 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.9 4 .0 3.8 3.9 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.6 2.4 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3 .3 3.6 3.7 4.1 4.1 4.4 4.9 4.8 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.3 2.8 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.1 2.2 2.4 1.7 1.9 3.0 3.1 3.0 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.2 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.1 1.9 2.6 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.2 2.7 2.7 3.0 3 .3 3.2 3 .3 1.8 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.8 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.6 2.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.1 1.8 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.5 N o t e : D a ta inclu de A laska and H aw aii beginn ing 1959. 159 T A B L E 80. A verage W eekly Overtime Hours of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajo r Industry G roup, 1956-71 — Continued Nondurable goods Year and month Total 1956_________________________________ 1957________________________________ 1958_________________________________ 1959_________________________________ 1960_________________________________ 1961_________________________________ 1962________________________________ 1963________________________________ 1964________________________________ 1965............................................................ 1966_.......................... .............................. 1967.......................................................... 1968............................................................ 1969............................................................ 1970............................................................ 1971...................................................... . 1970 January.................................................... February......................................... ....... March........................................................ A p ril.......................................................... M ay.......................................................... June........................................................... J uly........................................................... A ugust..................................................... September............................................... O ctober..................................................... N ovem ber................................................ D ecem ber................................................. 1971 January.................................................... February.................................................. M arch....................................................... A p ril........................................................ M ay........................ ................................. June............. ......................................... . J u ly......................................................... A ugust..................................................... September............................. ................. October............................................... . N ovem ber................................................ D ecem ber................................................ N ote 160 : 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.0 3.0 Food Textile and Tobacco mill kindred manufac products products tures Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products 2.6 2.2 2.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 4.5 4.2 3.9 4.5 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.7 5.1 6.5 5.0 5.3 5.5 4.6 4.6 3.1 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.0 3.8 2.8 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.1 4. C 3.9 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.9 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.7 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.4 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.9 Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959. 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.6 1.1 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.4 .8 1.6 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.2 .9 1.1 2.0 1.8 3.6 2.6 2.5 1.5 1.5 1 .0 3.1 2.6 2.7 3.2 3.2 3.6 4.2 4.4 3.7 4.1 3.9 3.3 3.8 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.2 2.9 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.7 4.0 3.5 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.3 5.1 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.7 5.0 5.1 4.8 4.6 4.7 Printing and pub lishing 3.1 2.9 2.5 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.5 3.1 3.1 3.4 2.8 2.6 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.9 Chemi cals and allied products 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.6 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.3 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.1 3.6 3.2 3.0 3.1 Petro R ubber Leather leum and and plastics and coal products, leather products nec. products 2.2 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.9 3.8 3.6 2.1 2.1 1.9 3.5 2.4 2.6 3.1 3.0 3.4 4.1 4.4 4.0 4.2 4.2 3.3 3.2 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.8 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.9 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.6 4.0 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.6 4.3 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.2 3.5 3.4 3.0 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.9 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.5 3.6 2.8 1.6 2.7 2.7 1.7 1.7 1.5 2.8 2.8 2.8 3.2 3.5 3.1 3.4 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.6 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.3 2.4 2 .2 T A B L E 81. Indexes of Aggresate W eekly M an Hours of Production or Nonsupervisory Workers 1 on Private Nonagricultural Payrolls, by Industry Division, 1947-71 [1967=100] Goods-producing Year and month 1947..................... ........... 1948 .......................... . 1949_____ ____________ 1950.......... ........... .......... 1951 _________________ 1952 _____ ___________ 1953 ........- .......... 1954 ............... .......... 1955 _____ ________ 1956 ...................... . 1957 ______ _______ 1958 ______________ 1959 _______________ I960 ___________ 1961 _____________ 1962 _____________ 1963 ______________ 1964.......... ............. ......... 1965_____ ____________ 1966____ _____________ 1967_____ _____________ 1968______ ___________ 1 9 6 9 ................ .............. 1970---------- -----------------1971----------------- ---------1970 January______________ February_____________ M arch________________ A p ril_________________ M ay....................... ......... June__________________ July__________________ A ugust_______________ September------ -----------October______________ N ovem ber.----------------Decem ber------- ----------1971 January______________ February_____________ March________________ A p r i l . ............... ............ M ay__________________ June__________________ July__________________ A ugust_______________ September____________ October______________ N ovem ber------ .. - D ecem ber____________ Total pri vate Manufacturing Total 89.3 89.1 80.3 87.5 94.4 94.6 97. 7 88.2 93.8 95.3 92.1 82.8 89.0 87.2 84.1 87.7 88.6 91.4 95.5 99.6 100.0 102.3 105.6 103.7 102.9 102.3 102.1 03.1 103.0 103.3 105.8 105.9 105.9 104.1 102.8 102.2 104.1 99.6 99.1 100.2 101.1 102.2 104.9 104.2 105.1 104.3 104.1 104.3 105.8 Service-prod ucing 90.8 96.1 102.0 100.0 101.6 103.9 97.3 93.6 97.6 97.2 98.5 97.9 97.5 100.1 98.5 99.4 ' 98.0 94.9 93.0 94.6 90.4 89.3 91.0 91.7 93.6 96.3 94.0 95.5 95.9 95.7 95.5 94.6 Contract Mining construc tion 177.8 178.8 152.2 154.8 161.2 154.7 148.7 132.5 138.5 143.1 139.6 119.0 119.5 115.3 107.9 105.0 103.7 104.2 104.6 104.0 65.9 71.9 71.0 75.8 86.1 88.5 85.5 83.1 88.7 95.9 92.1 85.9 92.2 88.5 86.5 89.2 92.3 94.7 99.4 102.7 100.0 100.0 98.2 101.5 100.9 95.5 101.4 107.6 98.0 98.0 97.8 100.9 100.4 103.9 103.5 103.2 101.0 101.5 100.8 101.3 97.9 95.5 96.6 98.9 100.0 102.8 98.0 102.2 98.8 87.6 91.0 95.3 101.5 104.0 110.2 112.9 114.4 104.2 107.3 100.4 98.3 83.9 80.1 88.1 94.9 98.5 106.3 108.9 100.0 110.8 99.4 80.1 79.3 97.5 105.3 109.2 105.7 93.5 Total 90.4 89.0 79.5 87.3 93.6 93.6 98.1 87.5 93.1 93.5 90.5 81.0 87.4 86.1 82.9 86.8 87.6 89.6 95.3 Durable goods 82.7 81.2 70.0 80.0 90.2 90.9 97.5 83.8 90.6 91.4 88.3 75.4 83.1 81.8 77.4 82.4 83.9 86.8 94.0 102.4 101.8 100.0 101.8 100.0 101.6 103.3 96.3 92.7 103.7 94.2 89.2 99.3 98.3 99.1 97.2 96.2 98.2 95.8 96.6 96.9 92.4 91.4 93.7 98.9 97.5 98.8 96.6 95.6 97.1 93.6 92.9 94.3 87.9 86.5 90.7 91.3 90.7 91.3 90.9 92.5 94.3 91.3 92.7 94.1 93.9 94. 2 94.7 88.5 87.9 89.8 91.4 87.5 87.3 89.4 90.0 90.5 91.7 88.7 88.0 i Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing: to construction workers in contract construction: and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. N on durable goods 101.5 100.5 93.4 97.9 98.6 97.7 98.8 93.0 96.9 96.7 93.6 89.1 93.7 92.2 90.9 93.3 92.7 93.7 97.0 100.9 100.0 102.1 102.8 99.2 97.7 99.8 99.4 99.5 98.1 97.2 99.9 98.9 102.0 100.6 99.1 98.5 98.0 95.1 94.8 95.5 95.1 96.4 98.5 96.8 Total 91.9 S5.0 97.9 100.0 102.8 106.7 108.2 109.3 105.6 105.5 106.3 106.5 107.3 109.7 111.0 110.4 108.4 108.3 108.6 110.8 105.9 105.9 106.5 107.7 108.2 110.8 111.2 100.6 101.0 110.1 99.5 99.6 99.1 109.9 110.5 113.5 111.7 Transpor tation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Total Retail Finance, insurance, and real estate 2 93.5 95.0 97.1 Whole 1 sale 95.1 97.5 99.5 93.1 96.7 99.1 92.3 95.9 99.0 93.4 96.9 99.1 100.0 100.0 102.0 100.0 101.6 100.0 102.1 104.9 105.8 106.9 105.3 104.8 105.2 106.9 103.3 112.0 106.5 105.7 i05.9 105.7 105.9 108.2 109.5 108.6 106.9 107.9 107.3 108.5 103.8 106.6 107.8 107.7 104.8 104.8 106.0 113.2 103.3 101.9 102.7 104.3 105.0 107.8 109.4 109.3 107.3 107.7 108.8 115.2 105.2 104.3 104.9 104.5 105.3 107.5 107.9 108.3 107.2 108.2 108.5 109.9 101.9 104.3 104.9 108.0 109.9 109.7 107.4 107.4 108.9 117.1 101.3 104.3 105.2 103.7 103.7 103.5 103.5 101.9 103.6 107.6 109.3 107.6 107.4 105.5 105.5 103.5 101.1 103.6 103.4 103.2 103.1 107.0 100.1 105.2 106.1 103.7 103.8 104.4 102.2 103.1 103.4 104.3 107.0 108.3 107.9 105.4 105.6 106.4 107.2 106.8 102.2 100.9 102.1 102.6 102.6 101.1 Serv ices 88.3 91.7 95.9 100.0 100.0 104.6 104.1 109.1 111.5 113.2 110.6 113.0 116.2 111.3 111.7 112.4 112.7 112.5 113.9 115.4 115.3 112.7 113.0 113.1 112.8 108.0 109.0 110.2 111.1 111.7 113.0 114.2 113.7 111.7 111.9 111.9 111.9 112.2 109.8 112.7 113.8 114.7 115.4 117.7 119.2 119.5 116.9 117.2 117.2 117.4 110.2 111.0 112.2 112.7 114.7 116.6 115.5 113.6 113.8 113.8 114.4 2 Excludes data on nonoffice salesmen, 161 T A B L E 82. Indexes of Aggregate W eekly Man-Hours of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajo r Industry Group, 1947-71 [1967=1001 Durable goods Year and month Total 1947__________ ____ _________ 1948________________________ 1949.__________ ____________ 1950________________________ 1951_______________ ______ _ 1952______________________ _ 1953______________________ _ 1954________________________ 1955________________________ 1956............ ............................. 1957____________ _____ ____ .. 1958______________________ _ 1959________________________ 1960______________________ _ 1961_________ . . . . __________ 1962_______ ____ __________.. 1963_________ ____________ 1964..._____________________ 1965...____ ___________ ____ _ 1966...____ _______________ _ 1967____________________ _ 1968_____________ _____ _ 1969_______________ _____ _ 1970____________________ . . . . 1971_________ _______ _ Ord nance and acces sories Lum ber and wood prod ucts Furni ture and fix tures Stone, day, and glass prod ucts Pri mary metal indus tries Fabri Machin cated ery, metal ' except prod elec ucts trical Elec trical equip ment and supplies Trans porta tion equip ment Instru ments and related prod ucts Miscel laneous manu factur ing in dustries 82.7 81.2 70.0 80.0 90.2 90.9 97.5 83.8 90.6 91.4 88.3 75.4 83.1 81.8 77.4 82.4 83.9 86.8 94.0 102.4 100.0 101.6 103.7 94.2 89.2 12.3 13.1 11.1 13.2 35.4 76.1 97.2 62.1 51.0 48.4 44.8 46.3 55.8 57.3 62.6 67.6 65.2 58.1 55.4 73.9 100.0 109.4 101.1 73.3 55.2 151.1 145.2 127.7 140.9 145.2 136.8 131.5 119.9 127.1 123.1 108.0 101.6 112.6 104.9 98.0 100.3 101.3 102. 8 104.2 104.9 100.0 101.2 101.3 93.7 96.4 81.2 82.3 72.4 87.6 83.3 83.6 85.3 76.1 83.9 84.8 82.5 77.6 86.3 84.1 80.2 86.0 87.5 91.6 98.1 104.8 100.0 104.6 107.1 98.1 99.3 92.8 93.9 84.4 93.4 101.0 94.7 96.9 90.4 98.7 100.1 95.7 88.1 98.3 95.9 91.9 94.1 96.3 99.1 101.8 104.5 100.0 102.4 106.2 100.6 99.8 102.2 103.3 85.3 101.0 112.1 101.6 110.4 90.7 105.8 106.6 101.8 81.5 88.6 89.0 83.1 86.5 89.2 96.2 102.7 106.3 100.0 100.0 104.4 96.8 89.6 77.4 75.3 64.9 77.0 84.4 82.0 89.7 79.4 85.5 85.0 85.5 75.4 81.3 81.1 76.5 81.2 83.4 87.2 94.6 102.0 100.0 102.2 105.5 97.8 93.4 77.5 76.1 61.1 66.8 84.3 85.8 86.1 73.1 77.0 84.2 80.6 64.6 73.1 72.9 68.6 74.3 76.0 81.6 89.9 101.0 100.0 96.9 100.8 93.1 81.5 61.5 57.5 47.5 59.6 67.2 70.4 79.0 66.2 70.8 74.9 72.3 63.8 73.8 74.7 74.0 80.3 78.5 79.0 87.9 102.7 100.0 100.1 102.3 95.1 88.6 72.7 71.3 68.1 75.1 88.2 98.2 113.0 96.0 105.3 99.5 100. 3 79.0 83.4 79.4 70.8 78.5 82.4 83.1 93.8 102.6 100.0 107.2 106. 2 88.5 88.8 74.0 70. 9 61.7 67.1 80.8 84. 3 89.2 79.6 80.8 83.2 81.1 73.6 80.9 80.9 78.1 80.6 81.6 82.1 88.5 99.6 100.0 99.4 103.1 95.7 88.2 111.6 110. 8 97.1 105.0 105.2 101. 4 108.3 96.9 99.8 99.9 93. 7 88.0 93.6 92.7 90.0 93.3 92.1 94.3 100.4 103.8 100.0 100.4 100.7 95.4 92.5 98.9 97.5 98.8 96.6 95.6 97.1 93.6 92.9 94.3 87.9 86.5 90.7 86.7 84.6 81.8 77.1 75.6 74.1 69.2 69.0 68.4 65.3 64.5 63.3 92.7 92.7 92.9 92.9 94.5 97.6 95.1 96.5 94.9 93.0 91.5 90.0 101.3 99.4 100.1 97.5 94.3 96.4 93.7 98.3 97. 7 99.8 99.1 99.8 98.0 98.1 99.9 101.2 100.8 103.3 102.1 103.4 103.0 100.6 98.7 97.9 102.9 101.1 100.5 98.8 97.8 99.6 98.1 96.5 98.5 89.9 88.0 90.4 102.5 100.4 100.6 99.3 97.7 ICO. 2 96.8 97.9 98.8 93.1 91.5 95.1 101.0 101.0 101.6 98.5 95.5 95.1 91.8 89.2 88.5 85.4 84.6 85.1 95.9 99.1 99.6 97.0 95.4 96.5 94.8 94.9 94.1 92.4 90.2 91.4 98.3 90.5 96.3 92.6 93.7 96.1 88.1 83.2 92.5 70.5 69.9 91.1 100.2 99.3 101.0 99.1 97.3 97.0 94.3 93.6 92.7 91.6 91.2 90.3 94.3 94.9 95.9 94.8 94.5 96.1 91.6 97.2 97.5 98.4 97.2 92.5 88.7 88.0 88.5 87.9 89. 8 91.4 87.5 87.3 89.4 90.0 90.5 91.7 62.2 58.3 56.9 54.6 55.4 54.4 52.5 53.4 54.2 53.6 53.7 53.3 86.7 88.9 91.0 91.9 94.0 100.7 99.8 101.1 100.7 102.1 100.5 99.4 94.9 94.0 95.5 94.5 96.8 100.1 97.2 100.8 102.0 104.2 105.0 106.9 92.7 92.9 95.4 97.4 100.1 103.8 102.5 104.2 103.5 103.0 102.2 99.6 92.1 92.8 94.0 95.6 96.1 96.6 91.3 80.6 83.4 83.0 83.4 86.3 92.3 91.1 89.3 91.5 94.0 95.7 92.2 93.4 94.4 95.0 95.6 96.7 82.8 82.3 82.5 80.7 80.7 81.3 79.6 79.3 81.5 81.1 82.0 84.1 88.4 86.6 87.2 86.2 87.6 88.6 85.9 88.1 90.2 90.4 91.7 92.6 91.5 89.6 90.1 86.2 90.9 92.0 82.1 82.4 87.1 90.0 90.6 93.4 88.3 86.7 86.9 85.7 86.8 87.9 86.7 87.6 89.5 90.0 91.1 91.4 86.2 86.3 88.7 89.1 91.3 93.2 89.7 96.6 97.7 99.2 98.4 93.7 1970 January............................... February_________ _____ _ March________________ _ April___ ______ _________ ___ May...... .......................... . . Ju n e................................. . . J u l y . ............................. . . . . . August......... ................. ......... Septem ber..._________ _ . October____________________ . November......... ........... . December....................... . . 1971 January____ _________ _____ _ February...................... ........... March..................................... . April-------------------------- -------May-----. . . _________ _____ June_______ _______________ J u ly .___________ ___________ A ugu st........ ......... .................. September..________________ October___________ _________ November___ ____ __________ December................................ See note at end of table. 162 T A B L E 82. Indexes of Aggregate W eekly Man-Hours of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by M ajor Industry Groups, 1 9 4 7 -7 1 — Continued 11967= 100] N ondu rab le goods Food and kindred products Tobacco manufac tures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publish ing Year and month Total C hem icals R ubber and Petroleum and and coal allied plastics products products products, nec. Leather and leather products 1947_________________________ 1948_________________________ 1949_________________________ 1950_________________________ 1951_________________________ 1952_________________________ 1953_________________________ 1954____ ____________________ 1955.________________________ 1956_________________________ 1957. _____ ________________ 1958_________________________ 1959_________________________ 1960_________________________ 1961_________________________ 1962._________ ______________ 1963.____ ___________________ 1964________ ________________ 1965____ ____________________ 1966_________________________ 1967_________________________ 1968_________________________ 1969______ ____________________ 1970_______ ___________________ 1971__________________________ 101.5 100.5 93.4 97.9 98.6 97.7 98.8 93.0 96.9 96.7 93.6 89.1 93.7 92.2 90.9 93.3 92.7 93.7 97.0 100.9 100.0 102.1 102.8 99.2 97.7 124.3 120.0 115.7 114.9 116.1 114.8 113.7 110.3 110.4 110.7 106.3 102.6 103.1 101.9 100.3 99.4 98.5 97.8 98.1 100.0 100.0 100.1 101.0 100.1 98.0 150.6 143.4 132.2 126.9 129.7 131.1 128.0 125.7 128.2 122.7 115.1 115.4 115.1 111.8 109.0 106.7 103.9 107.0 99.5 98.0 100.0 95.6 91.3 90.3 78.7 139.1 140.7 119.5 133.3 128.0 120.8 119.7 105.1 111.0 107.7 99.9 92.6 99.8 94.9 92.4 94.9 92.6 94.3 99.3 103.5 100.0 104.3 103.9 98.4 98.5 84.5 8 6.2 83.6 87.1 86.4 88.5 90.4 83.4 8 8.6 87.9 8 6.0 81.9 88.9 87.4 85.7 91.3 92.3 93.3 98.4 101.9 100.0 100.4 99.8 95.2 95.0 77.8 77.6 72.1 79.9 83.3 80.2 84.6 82.9 86.7 88.3 87.0 84.4 89.6 89.7 90.2 91.8 92.3 92.9 95.4 100.0 100.0 102.2 105.0 101.1 98.3 77.2 76.5 74.6 75.8 77.4 78.2 80.2 79.7 82.7 85.8 85.7 84.4 87.2 89.2 89.1 89.8 89.1 91.3 94.3 98.8 100.0 100.6 103.0 101.3 98.3 81.8 81.2 74.3 77.1 84.2 84.1 87.1 83.4 86.5 87.7 8 6.2 81.6 85.1 85.6 84.9 87.7 88.7 89.4 93.0 98.1 100.0 103.5 105.6 101.8 98.5 140.9 145.6 139.5 137.4 144.1 139.9 144.2 138.8 136.7 135.1 130.8 122.9 117.7 115.9 109.6 106.7 102.1 97.7 97.4 99.3 100.0 102.7 97.8 101.5 100.7 64.0 60.4 52.9 62.9 67.0 67.1 70.7 62.2 73.3 71.4 71.7 63.2 72.8 71.1 70.8 79.0 80.2 84.6 93.6 101.8 100.0 109.7 115.6 108.6 110.0 124.6 118.6 110.0 115.1 108.5 114.0 113.6 105.8 112.4 110.6 107.0 100.7 108.8 102.2 102.0 103.6 99.5 99.8 102.2 106.0 100.0 101.1 94.4 88.4 85.3 1970 January_____________ ______ F ebruary------------------------------M arch_______________________ A p ril________________________ M a y_________________________ June_________________________ J u ly_________________________ A u gu st____ __________________ Septem ber___________________ O ctober______________________ N ovem ber___________________ D ecem ber___________________ 99.8 99.4 99.5 98.1 97.2 99.9 98.9 102.0 100.6 99.1 98.5 98.0 96.0 94.4 94.3 92.8 95.2 99.6 102.4 111.7 109.8 105.0 101.2 98.5 89.6 85.5 80.0 78.3 77.1 80.6 79.5 103.5 105.0 108.0 98.1 98.7 100.8 100.1 100.1 99.4 98.2 99.9 96.6 98.3 96.2 96.9 97.3 97.4 95.6 97.5 98.1 95.4 93.8 96.6 92.7 96.4 92.9 93.9 95.2 94.3 103.6 101.9 102.3 101.4 100.8 102.5 103.5 101.3 100.7 99.1 99.8 99.7 101.9 102.3 103.1 102.0 100.6 101.2 100.7 100.8 101.0 100.1 100.2 102.0 103.5 103.2 104.0 103.1 102.0 101.8 101.6 101.1 102.5 99.8 99.4 99.0 97.6 97.4 98.2 99.6 101.7 105.2 106.9 105.5 103.0 102.2 101.0 99.4 114.6 113.1 112.0 110.9 100.6 108.7 108.6 109.1 109.9 105.7 104.9 105.3 92.3 90.9 89.0 86.3 89.2 92.8 89.6 8 8 .0 84.2 85.1 86.1 86.9 1971 January........ .............................. February________ ____________ M arch-----------------------------------A p ril-------------------------------------M a y_________________ ______ June_________________________ J u ly _________________________ A ugu st______________________ Septem ber___________________ O ctober______________________ N ovem b er___________________ D ecem ber___________________ 95.1 94.8 95.5 95.1 96.4 98.5 96.8 100.6 101.0 99.5 99.6 99.1 93.6 91.5 91.1 90.5 92.9 97.7 101.5 109.2 109.9 101.8 99.4 97.4 87.1 78.3 74.2 73.1 74.4 72.2 67.1 84.1 93.4 83.9 79.4 76.6 96.3 96.3 96.7 96.3 98.1 100.2 95.8 99.3 98.9 100.0 101.8 102.3 91.5 92.9 95.7 93.5 95.6 95.9 91.1 96.6 95.9 97.1 98.5 95.2 97.2 96.3 96.3 97.0 95.9 99.2 97.2 99.5 100.3 99.8 100. 2 101.2 98.0 97.9 98.8 97.8 98.4 98.9 97.5 97.5 98.3 98.4 98.6 97.6 97.9 98.5 100.0 99.1 99.8 98.0 96.5 97.3 96.7 98.9 100.9 103.6 105.6 104.2 103.8 101.8 99.2 99.4 104.1 104.4 106.2 106.8 109.1 111.5 108.2 110.5 113.8 114.5 114.9 116.1 84.7 83.8 83.3 83. 7 8 6 .0 88.3 84.1 8 6.8 82.9 84.3 87.3 87.9 N o te : 99.9 97. 7 99.3 97.7 97.6 98.3 Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1959. 163 T A B L E 83. Average W eekly Hours of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by State, 1947-71 State N ew England: Maine.................. . N ew Hampshire. V e r m o n t ............. Massachusetts - .. R hode Island___ C onnecticut------- 1947 40.9 1949 1948 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 38.8 39.1 41.1 40.2 41.9 40.6 40.4 41.6 40.2 40.5 43.3 40.5 39.9 42.6 40.8 40.7 42.7 40.4 40.2 42.0 40.6 40.4 42.8 40.4 39.8 42.3 39.9 39.9 40. 7 39.4 39.5 40.2 40.6 40.9 42.1 40.4 40.3 41.6 40.7 40.8 42.1 40.1 39.7 41.7 40.4 40.3 40.8 39.4 39.1 40.7 40.0 39.7 1 40.4 39.0 39.5 39.6 41.0 40.2 39.8 38.6 40.5 41.3 Middle Atlantic: N ew Y ork ___ N ew Jersey-.. Pennsylvania. 39.9 40.7 39.6 39.6 40.5 39.7 38.4 39.4 38.4 39.3 40.8 39.7 39.7 41.1 40.2 39.8 41.1 40.1 39.7 40.9 40.0 38.8 39.8 38.6 39.5 40.7 40.0 39.6 40.5 40.1 39.2 39.9 39.6 38.5 39.4 38.4 East N orth Central: O h i o .................... I n d ia n a ............. Illinois -Michigan _ Wisconsin 41.4 40.1 42.4 40.6 41.0 39.8 41.9 39.6 39.7 39.1 40.4 41.0 40.9 41.5 41.9 41.1 41.3 40.1 42.5 41.2 40.7 41.2 41.0 42.2 41.2 40.6 41.1 41.5 41.9 39.7 39.6 40.0 40.8 40.8 41.2 41.2 41.2 42.3 42.0 41.1 40.7 41.0 40.8 41.7 40. 2 40.2 40.3 40.0 40.9 38.9 39.3 39.4 39.4 40.4 41.3 41.1 40.4 40.9 41.1 41.5 41.6 41.8 40.0 41.7 41.5 40.5 41.2 40.8 39.9 40.6 40.4 39.0 41.3 41.1 39.9 41.3 43.5 42.2 41.5 43.7 42.6 43.1 44.6 41.9 42.6 43.6 41.7 41.3 44.1 41.8 41.8 45.7 42.2 41.9 40.8 40.4 39.8 43. 7 45.2 41.8 41.8 40.2 40.0 39.3 42.8 44.4 41.4 41.6 40.0 40.1 38.8 42 3 44! 6 41.6 41.3 39.9 41.0 40.8 41.5 40.8 41.1 40.6 40.7 40.7 39.6 39.8 40.3 38.2 38.8 42.2 39.5 40.1 40.3 42.3 40.2 40.1 39.1 39.9 39.9 42.5 40.2 39. 7 39.6 39.9 39.9 42.7 39.7 39.8 39.3 40.0 39.9 42.2 39.9 38.6 38.3 39.4 39.1 41.5 40.6 40.9 40. 2 40.9 39. 5 40.2 41.0 40.3 41.5 40.7 40.8 39. 7 40.4 39. 5 39.9 40.3 39.7 41.1 40.3 39.9 39 4 40.0 39. 0 39! 1 39.4 39.0 40.6 39.1 39.7 40.1 39! 7 38.4 38! 9 39.0 39.0 40.4 40.4 39.6 39.4 40.2 40.1 41.0 40.2 40.1 41.1 40.8 40.1 41.7 40.6 39.8 40.9 39.8 39.8 39.1 40.8 41.0 40.7 40.5 41.5 40 2 40.0 39.6 40.1 40 0 39.8 39.1 39.7 39 9 39! 2 38.5 39.9 41.4 42.7 41.4 42.0 41.5 40.5 42.3 42.3 40.5 41.2 42.3 42.4 41.4 42.0 42.1 42.4 40.9 41.7 41.5 41.8 40.8 41.3 41.4 41.4 41.4 41.9 41.5 42.1 40.5 41.2 41.4 41.4 39.8 40.8 40.7 41.2 39.8 40.4 40.5 40.7 40.1 41.0 39.4 41.0 41.0 40.4 41.2 44.9 42.9 39.9 42.7 41.4 40.9 40.3 41.0 42.7 42.0 40.2 42.7 39.9 41.2 40.4 40.3 42.7 41.5 39.7 41.1 41.3 41.6 41.0 40. 7 42.3 41.6 39.8 39.9 41.3 41.3 40.6 40.9 42.7 42.1 39.8 38.8 39.1 40.4 39.9 40. 7 42.4 40.6 40.0 39.4 39.6 41.0 39.7 40.4 41.1 40.4 39.4 40.1 38.7 38.9 40.6 38.8 38.7 40.1 39.0 38.8 39.9 39.1 39.1 40.5 39.1 38.9 40.6 38.6 38.3 40.0 38.8 38.4 39.9 West N orth Central: M innesota.......... . Iowa .................. Missouri............... N orth D akota. South D a k o ta ... Nebraska............. Kansas................. South Atlantic: Delaware....................... M aryland.................... D istrict of Colum bia 2. V irginia......... ................ West Virginia............... N orth Carolina............ South Carolina............ G e o r g ia ........................ F lorid a .......... ................ 41.2 42.9 East South Central: K e n tu ck y -........ T en n essee......... Alabam a............. M ississip p i........ West South Central: A rkansas-.......... Louisiana............ Oklahom a_____ Texas ................. Mountain; Montana Idaho . . . W y o m in g ... Colorado___ N ew Mexico A r iz o n a ___ U ta h .......... . N e v a d a ___ Pacific: Washington. Oregon____ California .. Alaska-------H aw aii____ See footnotes at end of table. 164 40.9 40.3 2 44.0 41.0 39.8 43.8 42.9 40.5 43.7 41.2 40.7 39.2 41.3 45.2 43.1 40.8 42.2 38.4 38. 7 38.5 ’ 39. 5’ ..........38.’ 8 38.8 39.0 39.1 39.7 38.7 39.1 40.5 1 T A B L E 83. Average W eekly Hours of Production Workers on Manufacturing Payrolls, by State, 1947-71 — Continued State 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 N ew England: Maine............................... N ew H am pshire-.......... V erm ont.......................... Massachusetts_________ R hode Island................. Connecticut-............. . 40.7 40.5 42.0 39.9 40.1 41.2 40.2 39.8 41.4 39.2 39.2 40.2 40.1 40.3 41.3 39.5 40.0 40.7 40.6 40.6 41.9 39.8 40.1 41.2 40.8 40.2 41.2 39.7 40.4 41.3 40.8 40.6 41.5 39.9 39.9 41.4 41.3 40.9 42.4 40.3 40.6 42.1 41.5 41.1 43.0 40.7 40.7 43.2 41.0 40.4 42.1 40.0 40.5 42.2 40.7 40.3 41.7 40.0 40.3 41.9 40.2 39.5 41.5 39.7 40.1 41.7 40.1 38.8 41.0 39.2 39.2 40.9 39.8 39.1 41.2 39.4 39.3 40.5 Middle Atlantic; N ew Y o r k ....................... N ew Jersey-........ .......... Pennsylvania................. 39.3 40.3 39.6 38.8 39.6 38.9 38.8 40.0 39.0 39.3 40.5 39.4 39.2 40.5 39.6 39.4 40.6 40.0 39.7 41.0 40.5 40.2 41.3 40.8 39.6 40.6 39.9 39.7 40.7 40.0 39.6 40.8 40.1 38.9 40.3 39.2 39.1 40.5 39.2 East N orth Central: O h io................. ............... Indiana............................ Illinois.............................. M ich ig a n .................... Wisconsin........................ 40.7 41.0 40.6 40.9 41.3 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.8 40.6 40.0 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.6 40.8 40.9 40.6 41.8 41.4 41.1 41.0 40.7 42.5 41.3 41.6 41.2 41.0 43.5 41.5 42.2 41.7 41.4 44.6 41.7 42.4 41.9 41.7 43.3 42.0 41.5 40.7 40.8 42.0 41.2 41.8 41.1 40.8 43.3 41.1 41.9 40.9 41.0 42.0 41.4 40.6 40.1 40.3 40.6 40.4 40.7 40.1 40.1 41.0 40.5 West North Central: Minnesota ...... .............. Iow a...................... .......... Missouri - ....................... North D a k o t a ............... South D a k o t a ________ N eb ra sk a ........................ K ansas............................ 40.5 40.8 39.7 42.1 46.8 42.4 40.9 40.4 39.8 39.1 41.4 45.0 142.0 40.6 40.5 40.0 39.1 42.1 45.6 42.3 41.0 40.5 39.9 39.7 41.3 45.1 42.8 41.8 40.8 40.3 39.9 42.3 45.4 42.9 41.8 40.9 40.5 40.1 42.4 45.6 43.1 42.0 41.2 40.7 40.3 42.5 43.8 43.1 42.3 41.5 41.2 40.7 42.2 45.6 43.1 42.9 41.2 40.9 40.2 40.6 45.9 42.2 42.1 41.2 40.4 40.1 39.1 45.1 42.7 42.5 41.2 40.1 39.8 39.9 43.4 42.9 41.9 40.0 39.7 39.3 40.8 44.6 42.0 41.6 39.8 39.9 39.4 40.7 43.9 41.7 41.2 South Atlantic: Delaware______________ M aryland..................... District of Columbia 2 Virginia........................... West V irginia........... ... North Carolina________ South Carolina________ Georgia....................... F lorida........................ _ 40.1 40.1 39.9 40.6 39.0 40.8 40.8 40.3 41.3 39.4 40.1 39.2 39.9 38.7 39.7 40.3 39.4 40.9 40.1 39.9 40.1 40.3 39.5 40.1 40.5 39.7 41.3 40.8 40.2 39.9 41.0 39.7 40.8 41.2 40.1 41.3 40.9 40.5 39.7 40.9 40.0 40.7 41.0 40.1 41.4 40.9 40.7 39.3 41.1 40.2 40.9 41.1 40.6 41.6 41.5 41.2 40.2 41.5 40.4 41.3 41.9 41.1 42.3 41.0 41.2 40.4 41.6 40.5 41.4 42.0 41.2 42.5 39.9 40.5 40.0 40.8 40.0 40.3 40.9 40.6 42.2 40.8 40.6 39.5 41.1 40.4 40.4 41.1 40.8 41.5 40.3 40.8 39.2 41.0 40.2 40.4 41.2 41.0 41.5 39.6 40.1 38.8 40.0 39.8 39.5 40.2 39.8 41.1 40.2 39.7 39.3 40.2 39.6 40.0 40.9 40.4 40.8 East South Central: K en tu cky____ _________ Tennessee ............. ......... Alabam a____ __________ Mississippi.......... ........... 40.3 40.6 39.9 40.7 39.4 39.8 39.4 139.8 39.9 40.0 39.6 39.7 40.1 40.5 40.1 39.8 40.5 40.6 40.5 40.4 40.6 40.8 41.0 40.6 41.0 40.8 41.8 41.2 40.9 40.8 41.7 41.5 39.9 40.1 40.9 40.7 40.4 40.4 41.3 41.0 40.1 40.4 41.1 40.8 39.4 39.9 40.2 40.2 39.2 40.1 40.7 40.4 West South Central; Arkansas___ __________ Louisiana.......... ............. Oklahom a_____________ Texas................................ 40.8 41.1 41.4 41.6 40.2 40.9 40.7 41.1 40.1 40.8 40.9 41.1 39.9 41.8 41.2 41.4 40.6 42.1 41.3 41.4 40.5 42.0 41.8 41.7 41.0 42.3 42.0 41.9 41.4 42.5 41.7 42.0 40.3 42.2 40.9 41.6 40.2 41.9 40.9 41.6 40.4 41.8 41.1 41.4 39.8 41.8 40.8 40.7 39.9 42.0 40.3 40.7 Mountain; Montana.............. ........... Idaho____ _____________ W yom ing......................... Colorado_____ _________ N ew Mexico ............. Arizona........................ U tah____ ____________ N evada............................ 39.4 41.1 38.3 40.9 40.8 40.7 40. 0 41.1 39.2 40.0 37.5 40.6 39.7 40.3 40.2 41.2 40.3 39.7 37.5 40.9 39.9 40.4 40.2 40.0 40.0 39.6 37.1 40.9 40.4 40.0 40.1 40.0 39.7 40.4 38.1 40.8 40.9 40.4 40.3 39.4 40.5 39.8 38.5 41.0 39.7 40.3 40.4 40.1 41.0 40.0 37.9 41.2 40.6 41.1 40.3 39.9 40.6 40.7 38.5 41.3 40.1 41.5 40.6 40.4 39.6 39.5 39.5 41.0 40.3 40.9 40.1 39.7 40.9 39.9 38.6 41.2 40.5 40.9 40.2 39.1 40.3 38.9 39.0 41.2 39.7 40.7 39.6 39.8 40.0 38.9 38.7 40.4 39.0 40.0 38.5 39.3 39.6 39.0 39.8 40.4 38.8 40.4 38.7 39.8 38.9 38.7 40.2 38. 7 38.1 39.8 39.0 38.6 39.9 40.3 38.3 39.4 39.1 40.3 41.8 37.6 39.2 39.3 40.2 43.1 38.0 39.3 39.3 40.3 43.2 38.4 39.5 39.8 40.6 43.1 39.3 39.7 39.6 40.8 42.3 40.4 39.5 39.0 40.4 39.9 39.2 39.7 39.6 40.3 39.9 40.1 39.5 39.1 40.3 42.1 39.6 39.1 38.8 39.6 41.2 40.0 39.1 38.8 39.5 40.1 39.8 Pacific; Washington _________ O regon.______ _________ California........ ............... Alaska........................... . Hawaii ______ _________ i D a ta not strictly comparable w ith prior years. 4 6 6 -1 5 7 O - 72 12 2 D a ta relate to W ashington, D .C ., Standard M etropolitan S tatistical Area. 165 T A B L E 84. Scheduled W eekly Hours (D a y Shift)— Percent of Plant and O ffice Workers by W eekly Work Schedule, a ll Metropoli tan A re a s, by Industry Division, 1 9 5 9 -7 0 Industry division Weekly hours and year Transporta tion, com munication, and other public utilities All industries Manufac turing Wholesale trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Retail trade Selected services P lant W orkers Average scheduled weekly hours: 1959-60 _______________________________ ____________ 1961-62 ________________________________ 1963-64 . _____________________________________ 1965-66 __________________________________________ __________________________________ 1967-68 1969-70. ................................................ .................. 40.5 40.4 40.4 40.5 40.5 40.3 40.3 40.1 40.2 40.4 40.4 40.4 Scheduled hours, 1969-70: Under 40 hours 1___________________________________ 35 hours. ______________ ____________________ 3 7 ^ hours________ _____________________________ 40 hours. ____________________ ________________ Over 40 hours L _________ _________________ ________________________ _ 44 hours. 45 hours . . ...... ............................48 h o u r s ____________ __________________________ 9 3 4 81 10 1 2 3 7 3 3 84 9 1 3 3 Average scheduled weekly hours: 1959-60____________________________________________ 1961-62____________________________________________ 1963-64____________________________________________ 1965-66____________________________________________ 1967-68____ ________________________________________ 1969-70____ ________________________________________ 39.0 38.9 38.9 38.9 38.9 38.8 Scheduled hours, 1969-70: Under 40 hours 1.................................................... .......... 35 hours_______________________________________ 37^4 hours_____________________________________ 38% hours______________ _______________________ 40 hours________________ ___________________________ Over 40 hours______________________________________ 38 11 15 4 61 1 40.3 40.3 40.3 40.3 40.3 40.2 41.2 41.0 40.9 40.9 40.8 40.6 2 1 94 4 1 1 1 6 1 4 80 13 3 3 2 17 3 9 71 12 2 2 5 39.4 39.4 39.3 39.4 39.4 39.3 39.2 39.2 39.1 39.1 39.1 39.0 39.3 39.2 39.1 39.1 39.1 39.0 39.6 39.5 39.4 39.4 39.3 39.2 37.9 37.9 37.9 38.0 38.0 37.9 38.6 38.5 38.5 38.6 38.5 38.4 23 7 10 3 76 1 28 11 14 31 11 13 3 67 2 27 6 15 1 71 2 63 18 22 7 37 48 16 21 2 50 3 (*) 41.2 41.0 40.9 I 40.6 40. 5 40.2 41.8 41.5 4l! 1 40^9 40.6 40.5 13 4 4 68 19 2 1 12 Office Workers i Includes weekly schedules other than those presented separately. * Less than 0.5 percent. 166 (») <*) 72 P) N o te : Because of rounding, sums of items may not equal 100 percent. T A B L E 85. Indexes of Output Per M an-Hour and Related Data, Private Economy/ 1947-71 [1967=100] Output per man-hour Year Total pri Farm N on farm vate Output Output per employed person Man- Total pri Farm N on ufacfarm turvate ing 2 Man- Total pri Farm N on ufacturfarm vate ing 2 Em ploym ent Man-hours Man- Total Man- Total pri Farm N on ufacufacpri Farm N on turvate farm turvate farm ing 2 ing 2 Manufacturin g 2 Man-hour estimates based primarily on establishment data 1947_______________ 1948_______________ 1949_______________ 1950_______________ 1951_______________ 1952_______________ 1953_______________ 1954_______________ 1955_______________ 1956_______________ 1957_______________ 1958_______________ 1959_______________ 1960_______________ 1961_______________ 1962______ ____ _ 1963_______________ 1964_______________ 1965_______________ 1966_______________ 1967_______________ 1968_______________ 1969_______________ 1970_______________ 1971_______________ R ates of 51.3 53.6 55.3 59.7 61.5 62.7 65.3 66.9 69.9 70.0 72.0 74.3 76.9 78.2 80.9 84.7 87.7 91.1 94.2 98.0 100.0 102.9 103.4 104.3 108.1 29.2 34.0 33.1 37.7 37.9 41.2 46.7 49.1 49.5 51.6 54.7 60.4 61.5 64.9 70.0 71.7 78.1 79.5 86.9 90.5 100.0 100.2 110.7 115.6 125.6 57.1 58.8 61.1 65.0 66.3 66.9 68.9 70.5 73.6 73.2 74.8 76.7 79.3 80.3 82.7 86.4 89.1 92.4 95.1 98.4 100. 0 102.9 1C2.7 103.5 107.0 54.8 57.9 60.0 64.4 65.9 6 6.2 68.3 69.5 73.7 72.9 74.4 74.4 78.5 79.9 81.8 8 6.6 90.1 94. 5 98.3 99.9 100.0 104.7 106.2 107.8 111.6 3.0 3.0 5.8 6 .0 2 .6 2 .6 2 .8 3.0 56.5 58.5 59.5 64.4 66. 2 67.3 69. 7 70.7 74.1 73.6 74.8 76.3 79.5 80.4 82.5 8 6.6 89.5 92.8 96.2 99.3 100.0 102.4 102.4 102.0 105.4 32.9 38.0 36.4 40.8 41.4 44.6 51.1 52.8 52.5 53.6 55.4 60.6 61.7 65.6 69.7 72.3 78.1 79.7 8 8.2 91.3 100.0 99.0 109.0 113.0 123.0 61.4 62.7 64.4 68.9 70.3 70.9 72.5 73.5 77.2 76.4 77.2 78.4 81.7 82. 2 84.1 88.1 90.8 94.0 96.9 99.7 100.0 102.5 101.9 101.3 104.4 55.2 57.8 58.9 64.8 66.5 66.9 6 8.8 68.7 74.4 73.2 73.8 73.0 78.6 79.0 80.9 86.4 90.0 94.8 99.5 101.2 100.0 104.9 106.1 106.2 110.1 45.6 47.8 47.6 52.5 55.8 57. 2 60.1 59.3 63.4 65.6 66.5 65.6 70.2 71.9 73.2 78.2 81.5 8 6 .2 91.8 97.7 100.0 104.8 107.5 106.8 109.8 71.1 79.5 77.0 81. 2 77.0 79.5 83.7 85.4 87.4 87.0 84.9 87.0 88.3 91.6 92.9 92.5 95.4 93.3 99.2 93.7 100.0 97.9 101.3 100.0 107.0 44.5 46. 5 46.4 51.3 55.0 56.3 59.1 58.3 63.4 74.6 65.7 64.8 69.5 71.1 72.5 77.6 80.9 85.9 91.5 97.9 100.0 105.1 107.8 107.1 110.0 44. 7 46.9 44.2 51.3 56.5 57.8 62.6 58.2 65.0 65.3 65.5 60.2 67.6 6 8.6 68.3 75.2 79.0 84.5 92.7 100. 1 100.0 106.7 109.9 105.7 105.4 80.6 81.7 80.0 81.5 84.3 85.0 86. 2 83.9 86.9 89.0 88.9 8 6 .0 88.3 89.5 8 8.8 90.3 91. 0 92.8 95.5 98.4 100.0 102.3 105.0 104.7 104.3 216.5 209.2 211.7 198.7 185.8 178.2 163.7 161.7 166. 7 162.5 153.2 143.5 143.0 139.6 133.2 127.9 122.1 117. 1 112.4 102.7 100.0 98.9 92.9 88.5 87.0 1 .2 1 .8 - 3 .8 - 4 .4 72.6 74.1 72. 2 74.6 78.2 79.5 81.6 79.3 82.1 84.7 85.1 82.6 85.0 86.5 86. 2 8 8.1 89.2 91.4 95.5 98. 2 100.0 102.5 i105.7 105.6 105.3 81.0 81.0 75.1 79.2 85. 1 86.4 91.0 84.6 87.4 89.2 88.8 82.5 8 6 .0 8 6.8 84.4 87.1 87.8 89.2 93.2 98.9 100.0 101. 7 103.6 99.6 95.7 8 8.8 89. 2 8 6.2 87.9 90.7 91.2 92.0 8 8.6 92.1 93.7 92.3 88.4 91. 2 92.0 90.6 92.4 92.9 94.5 97.4 99. 7 100.0 101.8 104. G 102.4 101.7 243.4 233.9 232.4 215.1 203.1 192.8 179.3 173.9 176.7 168.6 155.3 144.2 143.6 141.2 132.6 129.0 122.1 117.4 114.1 103.6 100.0 97.8 91.5 86.5 85.3 78.0 79.1 76.0 79.0 82. 9 84.1 85.9 82.6 8 6.1 88.4 87.9 84.5 87.6 8 8.6 87.7 89.8 90.9 92.9 96.3 99.5 100.0 102.1 |104.9 103.5 102.8 81.5 80.9 73.7 79.8 85. 9 87.3 91.6 83.7 8 8 .2 89.5 8 8.1 80.9 86.1 85.8 83.5 86.9 87.7 89.4 94.3 100 .2 100.0 101.9 103.6 98.1 94.4 .7 1.3 -4 .3 - 4 .6 1 .2 1 .8 .9 1.7 C h anges 1950-71_____ _______ 1960-71____ ________ 2.5 2.5 5.2 5.8 2 .2 2 .2 3.7 4.3 2 .8 3.0 1.3 1 .2 3.8 4.4 3.7 4.8 1 .6 2 .2 .9 1.7 Man-hour estimates based primarily on labor force data 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 . 1957 . 1958 1959 _______ 1960 _ 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968.. 1969.. 1970.. 1971.. 50.8 52.6 53.8 58.7 61.4 63.2 6 6.2 68. 0 70.9 70.8 72.8 74.4 77.3 78.2 80.3 84.5 87.3 90.6 93. 6 97.8 100.0 104. 0 105.0 105.1 108.6 29.3 34.1 32.9 37.7 37.7 41.1 46.5 48.9 49.3 61.4 54.8 60.6 61.5 65.0 70.5 71.9 78.1 79.8 87.1 90.6 100.0 100.2 110.4 116.5 126.3 56.5 57.7 59.5 63.9 66.4 67.8 70.0 71.9 75.0 74.3 75.7 76.8 79.9 80.4 82.1 86.3 88.7 91. 8 94.3 98. 2 100.0 104.0 104.4 104.2 107.5 55.8 57.3 57.9 62.7 65.8 67.5 70.4 70.9 74.5 73.8 74.7 76.5 78.8 79.6 81.2 85.6 88.3 91.3 94.9 99.1 100.0 103.8 104.1 103.0 105.7 32.9 38.0 36.4 40.8 41.4 44.6 61.1 52.8 52.5 53.6 55.4 60.6 61.7 65.6 69.7 72.3 78.1 79.7 88. 2 91.3 100.0 99.7 109.4 113.7 123.7 60.8 61.5 62.6 67.0 69.9 71.4 73.5 74.0 77.9 76.8 77.4 77.6 81.1 81.5 82.8 87.2 89.4 92.4 95.6 99.5 100.0 103.9 103.7 102.2 104.7 45.6 47.8 47.6 52.5 55.8 57.2 60.1 59.3 64.3 65.6 66.5 65.6 70.2 71.9 73.2 78.2 81.5 86.2 91.8 97.7 100.0 104.8 107.5 106.8 109.8 71.1 79.5 77.0 8 1.2 77.0 79.5 83.7 85.4 87.4 87.0 84.9 87.0 88.3 91.6 92.9 92.5 95.4 93.3 99.2 93.7 100.0 97.9 101.3 10C.0 107.0 44.5 46.5 46.4 51.3 55.0 56.3 59.1 58.3 63.4 64.7 65.7 64.8 69.5 71.1 72.5 77.6 80.9 85.9 91.5 97.9 100.0 105.1 107.8 107.1 110.0 3.0 3.1 5.8 6 .0 2. 5 2 .8 2.5 2.7 5.3 5.8 2 .2 2.4 3.7 4.3 1.3 1 .2 3.8 4.4 81.6 83.4 82.2 83.8 84.9 84.7 85.3 83.6 86.4 88.9 88.9 86.9 89.0 90.3 90.2 91.3 92.3 94.3 96.7 98. 6 100.0 101.0 103.3 103.7 103.9 216.5 209.2 211.7 198.7 185.8 178.2 163.7 161.7 166.7 162.5 153.2 143.5 143.0 139.6 133.2 127.9 122.1 117.1 112.4 102.7 100.0 98.2 92.6 8 8 .0 8 6.6 73.2 75.6 74.2 76.6 78.6 78.9 80.5 78.7 81.4 84.3 84.9 83.4 85.7 87.3 87.5 89.0 90.5 92.9 95.7 98.3 100.0 101. 2 104.0 104.7 105. G 89.7 90.8 88.5 89.4 90.9 90.4 90.8 87.3 90.8 92.5 91.4 8 8.2 90.8 92.0 91.2 92.6 93.3 95.1 98.1 100.0 100.0 100.8 102.4 101.6 101.2 1242.9 233.2 233.4 215.5 204.0 1193. 6 180.0 174.5 177.4 169.3 155.1 143.7 143.5 140.9 131.8 128. 6 122.2 116.9 113.8 103.5 100.0 97.7 91.7 85.8 84.8 78.8 80.6 78.1 80.4 82.8 83.1 84.4 81.0 84.6 87.0 86.8 84.3 87.0 88.5 88.3 90.0 91.2 93.6 97.0 99.7 100.0 101.0 103. 2 102.8 102.3 R ates of C han ge 3 1950-71 1960-71 1 Output refers to gross national product in 1958 dollars. Employment in cludes self-employed and unpaid family workers as well as wage and salary workers. 1.1 - 3 . 8 1.5 - 4 .4 1.6 2 .0 .7 1.1 - 4 .3 - 4 .5 1.3 1.6 2 Information available only for establishment series. 3 Average annual percent change based on the linear least squares trend of the logarithms of the index numbers. 167 T A B L E 86. Indexes of Output Per M an-Hour, Hourly Compensation, and Unit Labor Costs in the Private Economy, and Underlying Data, 1947-71 [1967=100] Output per man-hour Manufacturing Nonfarm Total private Compensation per man-hour Total private Nonfarm Manu facturing Year Em ployees A ll persons 1947............................................. 1948............................................ 1949............................................. 1960........................................... 1961............................................. 1962.......... ................................ 1963.............................- .............. 1964............................................. 1966............................................ 1966............................................. 1967................................ - ........... 1968. .......................... - .............. 1969.................................. .......... 1960.............. ............. ............... 1961................................ ............ 1962........................................... 1963..................- ................ ......... 1964................................ ............ 1966........................................... 1966............................................ 1 9 6 7 ...................... .................... 1938............................................. 1969............................................. 1970............................................. 1971............................................. All persons Em ployees A ll persons Em ployees A ll ersons Em ! ployees All persons1 Em ployees A ll persons 1 * 51.3 53.6 55.3 59.7 61.5 62.7 65.3 66.9 69.9 70.0 72.0 74.3 76.9 78.2 80.0 84.7 87.7 91.1 94.2 98.0 100.0 102.9 103.4 104.3 108.1 58.9 60.9 63.4 67.2 67.9 68.8 70.9 73.1 75.3 75.0 76.7 79.0 81.1 81.9 84.7 88.0 90.2 93.4 96.0 98.5 100.0 102.7 102.5 103.2 106.8 57.1 58.8 61.1 65.0 66.3 66.9 68.9 70.5 73.6 73.2 74.8 76.7 79.3 80.3 82.7 86.4 89.1 92.4 95.1 98.4 100.0 102.9 102.7 103.5 107.0 59.0 60.8 63.7 67.4 68.3 68.9 70.6 72.5 75.3 76.0 76.8 79.0 81.1 82.2 84.8 88.3 90.5 93.8 96.1 98.8 100.0 102.8 102.4 103.0 106.5 54.8 57.9 60.0 64.4 65.9 66.2 68.3 69.5 73.7 72.9 74.4 74.4 78.5 79.9 81.8 86.6 90.1 94.5 98.3 99.9 100.0 104.7 106.2 107.8 111.6 55.7 58.8 61.0 65,2 66,7 67.0 69.1 70,3 74,4 73,5 74,9 75,0 79,0 80.5 82.4 87,1 90,6 95,0 98.7 100.0 100.0 104.7 106.0 107.7 111.5 36.2 39.5 40.1 42.8 46.9 49.8 52.9 54.5 55.9 59.5 63.3 66.0 69.0 71.7 74.4 77.7 80.8 84.9 88.4 94.5 100.0 107.6 115.6 124.0 132.6 37.9 41.2 42.3 44.8 48.9 51.7 54.7 56.6 58.3 61.9 65.5 68.0 71.0 73.6 76.1 79.2 82.0 85.9 89.2 94.7 100.0 107.7 115.2 123.3 131.8 38.3 41.8 43.0 45.3 49.3 52.0 54.9 56.6 58.6 62.0 65.5 68.1 71.0 73.9 76.3 79.3 82.2 86.1 89.2 94.6 100.0 107.3 114.7 122.7 131.2 38.2 41.7 43.0 45.3 49.3 52.1 55.0 56.8 58.9 62.4 66.0 68.5 71.5 74.4 76.8 79.8 82.6 86.4 89.5 94.7 100.0 107.5 114.9 122.8 131.4 37.1 40.7 42.6 44.7 49.3 52.4 55.3 57.8 60.0 63.9 67.7 70.6 73.5 76.6 79.0 82.3 85.0 89.0 91.2 95.3 100.0 107.2 114.1 121.6 129.1 3.0 3.0 2.4 2.4 3.0 3.0 2.4 2.3 2.8 3.0 2.7 3.0 5.1 5.8 4.8 5.5 5.1 5.8 4.8 5.3 4.7 4.8 R ates of C hanges 1950-71........................................ 1960-71........................................ Real compensation per man-hour Total private A ll per sons 1947............................................. 1948_________________________ 1949....................... .................... 1950____________ ___________ 1951_________________________ 1952.................................. .......... 1953............................ .......... 1954__________________ ______ 1955.................... ...................... 1956............ ..................... ......... 1957............................................. 1958...................... - .................. 1959............ ...................... ......... 1960............................................ 1961........................................ ... 1962.......... .......................... . 1963..................- .............. - ......... 1964............................................ 1965............................................. 1966............................................. 1967.................................... ......... 1968............................................. 1969............................................. 1970............................................. 1971............................................. Em ploy ees Nonfarm A ll per sons Deflators and costs Manu facturing T otal private Nonfarm Manufacturing Em ploy ees A ll persons Im plicit De flator 4 Unit labor costs 9 Unit non labor pay ments Im plicit D e flator 4 Unit labor co s ts 9 Unit nonlabor pay ments 54.2 54.8 56.2 59.4 60.3 62.6 6 6.0 67.7 69.7 73.1 75.2 76.2 79.1 80.9 83.1 85.7 8 8.1 91.3 93.5 97.2 100.0 103.2 105.3 106.6 109.3 56.7 57.2 59.3 62.1 62.8 65.0 6 8 .2 70.3 72.6 76.0 77.8 78.5 81.4 83.0 85.0 87.4 89.3 92.4 94.4 97.4 100.0 103.3 104.9 106.0 108.7 57.3 57.9 60.2 62.9 63.3 65.3 68.5 70.4 73.0 76.1 77.8 78.6 81.4 83.4 85.1 87.5 89.6 92.6 94.4 97.3 100.0 102.9 104.5 105.5 108.1 57.2 57.8 60.2 62.9 63.4 65.5 6 8.6 70.6 73.4 76.6 78.4 79.2 81.9 83.9 85.7 88.1 90.0 93.0 94.7 97.4 100.0 103.2 104.6 105.6 108.3 55.5 56.5 59.7 62.0 63.3 65.8 69.0 71.8 74.8 78.4 80.4 81.5 84.3 86.4 8 8 .2 90.8 92.7 95.7 96.5 98.0 100.0 102.9 103.9 104.5 106.5 66.4 70.9 70.2 70.9 76.1 77.5 78.1 79.1 79.8 82.3 85.3 87.1 88.3 89.5 90.4 91.2 92.2 93.2 94.8 97.2 100.0 103.6 108.3 113.6 118.5 70.6 73.7 72.5 71.7 76.3 79.4 81.0 81.5 80.1 85.0 87.9 88.9 89.8 91.8 92.1 91.8 92.1 93.1 93.8 96.5 100.0 104.6 111.9 118.9 122.7 59.8 66.5 6 6.6 69.7 75.8 74.6 73.6 75.3 79.4 78.2 81.2 84.3 8 6.1 8 6 .0 87.7 90.4 92.3 93.4 96.4 98.4 100.0 102.0 102.6 105.3 111. 9 63.8 6 8 .2 68.7 69.4 74.0 75.9 77.2 78.5 79.5 82.3 85.3 8 6.8 88.3 89.6 90.4 91.2 92.3 93.4 94.8 96.8 100.0 103.5 108.1 113.5 118.7 67.1 71.0 70.3 69.7 74.3 77.6 79.7 80.3 79.6 84.7 87.6 88.7 89.5 92.0 92.3 91.8 92.3 93.2 93.9 96.2 100.0 104.3 111.6 118.6 122.7 58.3 63.5 6 6.1 69.0 73.4 73.0 73.2 75.4 79.4 78.2 81.5 83.5 86.3 85.5 87.4 90.3 92.2 93.8 96.2 97.8 100.0 102.3 102.3 105.2 112.1 3.0 2.9 2.7 2 .6 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.4 2 .6 1.9 2 .0 2.5 2 .0 2 .8 2 .1 2 .0 2.5 2 .0 2 .8 2.1 Im plicit D e flator 4 Unit labor co s ts 9 66.9 71.3 72.8 73.0 77.9 79.6 80.0 81.6 83.1 86.9 89.7 91.9 93.3 94.1 94.4 94.4 94.5 95.4 95.7 97.4 100.0 102.3 104.5 108.0 67.7 70.3 71.0 69.5 74.8 79.1 80.9 83.2 81.4 87.6 91.1 94.9 93.7 95.9 96.5 95.0 94.4 94.1 92.8 95.5 1 00.0 102.3 107.4 112.8 115.7 R ates of C hange * 1950-71....................................... 1960-71...................................... See footnotes at end of table. 168 2.2 2.2 1 .8 1.7 Unit non labor pay ments 65.3 73.4 76.8 80.9 85.1 8 0 .8 78.0 78.2 8 6 .8 85.1 8 6 .6 85.0 92.5 90.1 89.4 92.8 94.6 98.1 102.4 1 01.6 100 .0 102.1 99.7 97.9 T A B L E 86. Indexes of Output Per M an-Hour, Hourly Compensation, and Unit Labor Costs in the Private Economy, and Underlying Data, 194 7-71 — Continued [1967=100] Underlying D a ta 8 Gross product Man-hours Year In current dollars In 1958 dollars Total private 1947......................................... . 1948...................................... ......... 1949_________ _________________ 1960.......................................... 1961............................................. 1952____________ ____________ _ 1953........................... ................... 1964............................ ................. 1966............................. ................. 1956.................................... .......... 1957.............................................. 1958.................. - ........................... 1959................................................ 1960............................. ................. 1961......... ................................. . 1962.............................................. 1963......................................... . 1964.................... ...................... . 1965............................................... 1966......... .................... ................ 1967..______ __________________ 1968_________ _________________ 1969................................................ 1970............................................... 1971...................... ......................... Nonfarm Manufacturing 91.8 97.7 44.5 46.5 46.4 51.3 55.0 56.3 59.1 58.3 63.4 64.7 65.7 64.8 69.5 71.1 72.5 77.6 80.9 85.9 91.5 97.9 100.0 100.0 104.8 107.5 106.8 109.8 105.1 107.8 107.1 3.7 4.3 45.6 47.8 47.6 52.5 55.8 57.2 60.1 59.3 64.3 65.6 66.5 65.6 70.2 71.9 73.2 78.2 81.5 86.2 44.7 46.9 44.2 51.3 56.5 57.8 62.6 58.2 65.0 65.3 65.5 60.2 67.6 68.6 68.3 75.2 79.0 84.5 92.7 Total private T otal private Nonfarm Manufac turing 28.4 31.7 31.9 35.6 40.6 42.7 45.7 45.7 50.4 53.2 56.1 56.2 61.3 63.7 65.5 70.8 74.7 80.2 86.7 94.8 30.3 33.9 33.4 37.2 42.5 44.3 46.9 46.9 51.3 54.0 56.7 57.2 62.0 64.4 66.2 71.3 75.1 80.3 87.1 95.0 A ll em ployees All persons All em ployees A ll persons 88.8 77.4 78.5 75.2 78.2 82.1 83.1 84.8 81.2 85.5 87.4 78.0 79.1 76.0 79.0 82.9 84.1 85.9 75.5 76.4 72.9 76.2 80.5 81.7 83.8 80.3 84.2 81.5 80.9 73.7 79.8 85.9 87.3 91.6 83.7 89.2 86.2 87.9 90.7 91.2 92.0 88.6 80.6 88.7 97.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 1C8.5 116.4 121.3 130.2 108.8 116.5 121.5 130.5 109.1 115.8 115.0 110.0 106.7 109.9 105.7 105.4 3.8 4.4 3.7 4.8 5.8 6.9 6.1 Manufacturing All persons 29.9 33.4 32.2 37.5 44.1 46.0 50.1 47.5 54.0 56.7 58.7 55.3 63.1 64.6 64.5 71.0 74.7 100.1 100.0 Nonfarm 92.1 93.7 92.3 88.4 91.2 92.0 90.6 92.4 92.9 94.5 97.4 99.7 86.6 82.6 86.1 88.4 87.9 84.5 87.6 90.3 92.2 95.7 99.2 100.0 101.8 87.7 89.8 90.9 92.9 96.3 99.5 100.0 102.0 100.0 102.1 100.0 102.2 104.0 102.4 101.7 104.9 103.5 104.9 103.5 102.8 102.8 105.3 103.9 103.2 .7 1.3 1.3 1.9 1.2 1.8 2.1 83.0 86.5 87.8 86.5 88.8 88.6 88.2 86.2 85.6 82.0 85.6 86.5 85.5 87.9 89.4 91.5 95.2 99.1 89.5 88.1 All em ployees 80.2 79.7 72.5 78.7 84.8 86.2 90.6 82.7 87.4 88.8 85.8 83.5 86.9 87.7 89.4 94.3 100.2 100.0 87.4 80.5 85.2 85.2 82.9 86.4 87.2 89.0 93.9 100.1 100.0 101.9 1C3.6 98.1 94.4 101.9 103.7 99.6 95.7 .9 1.7 1.0 80.9 86.1 R ates of C hange 8 1950-71.......................................... 1960-71...................................... . 7.1 1.4 1.9 Compensation in current dollars Nonlabor payments in current dollars T otal private A ll persons 1947............................................. . 1948................................................ 1949................................................ 1950........................................ . 1951................................... ........... 1952............................................ . 1953.................... ............... .......... 1954....................................... . 1955......... .......... .............. ............ 195 6 ....____ _________________ 1957............................................... 1958......... .................... ............... 1959________ _______ __________ 1960_______ ______ ____________ 1961........................... .............. . 1962........... ............................. . 1963............................. ............... 1964____ ________________ _____ 1965._____ ____________________ 1966.._______ ________________ 1967_______ ___________________ 1968............................................. 1969................................. ........... . 1970................................................ 1971................................... 32.2 35.2 34.5 37.6 42.6 45.4 48.7 48.3 51.5 55.7 58.5 58.3 63.0 66.0 67.4 71.8 75.1 80.2 86.1 94.3 100.0 109.6 120.3 127.0 134.8 Nonfarm Employees Manufacturing A ll persons Employees All persons Employees Total private 29.9 33.0 32.6 35.8 40.8 43.7 47.1 46.8 50.5 54.8 57.6 57.5 62.2 65.5 30.2 32.9 31.4 35.7 42.3 45.7 50.6 48.4 52.9 57.2 59.6 57.1 63.3 65.8 95.6 29.7 32.4 30.9 35.1 41.8 45.1 50.0 47.7 52.5 56.7 59.2 56.6 62.9 65.3 65.5 71.0 74.1 79.1 85.6 95.4 27.3 31.8 31.7 36.6 42.3 42.7 44.2 44.7 51.1 51.3 54.0 55.3 60.4 61.9 64.3 70.7 75.2 80.5 88.5 96.1 100.0 100.0 29.4 32.4 31.8 35.0 40.1 43.0 46.4 45.9 49.8 54.0 56.8 56.5 61.4 64.6 65.9 70.4 74.0 79.2 85.3 93.9 71.2 74.7 80.0 85.9 94.1 28.9 31.8 31.3 34.5 39.7 42.6 46.0 45.6 49.6 53.8 56.5 56.2 61.2 64.3 65.6 70.2 73.8 79.1 85.2 93.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 127.6 135.5 109.5 120.3 127.0 134.9 109.9 120.9 127.7 135.6 6.2 6.1 7.5 7.3 109.8 120.8 66.8 66.0 71.5 74.6 79.6 86.0 Nonfarm 26.0 29.5 30.7 35.4 40.3 41.1 43.3 43.9 50.3 50.6 53.6 54.1 60.0 60.8 63.4 70.1 74.6 80.6 88.1 95.8 100 0 100.0 107.5 110.3 112.6 109.2 118.1 119.3 109.3 118.3 119.3 122.0 122.0 106.9 110.3 112.4 122.9 6.2 5.6 6.0 6.6 5. 7 6.7 5.8 7.5 6.6 6.7 Manufac turing 29.2 34.4 34.0 41.5 48.1 46.6 48.8 45.5 56. 4 55.5 56.7 51.2 62.5 61.8 61.1 69.8 74.8 82.9 94.9 101.7 100.0 108.9 110.5 1C4.2 123.3 R ates of Change 8 1950-71.. 1960-71.......................................... 5.8 7.2 1Wages and salaries of employees plus employer's contributions for social insurance and private benefit plans. Also includes an estimate of wages, salaries and supplemental payments for the self-employed. 2 Index for employees not shown separately because it is identical with figures shown. 8 Average annual percent change based on the linear least squares trend of the logarithms of the index numbers. 4 Total payments in current dollars per unit of output (G N P Deflator). 5 Compensation for all persons per unit of output. 8 These data were basic measures used to develop the indexes of output per man-hour, hourly compensation, unit labor costs and unit nonlabor pay ments. Source: Current and constant dollar gross product and employee com pensation data from the Office of Business Economics, U.S. Department of Commerce, Man-hours, compensation of all persons, and real compensation per man-hour data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. 169 T A B L E 87. Indexes of Output Per M an-Hour, M an Hours, and Output, h r Selected Industries, 1 9 3 9 -7 0 [1967=100] Man-hours Output per man-hour Year All em ploy ees Pro duc tion work ers Nonproduction work ers 1 All em ploy ees P ro duc tion work ers Output per man-hour Nonpro- Output duction work ers 1 Year All em ploy ees Pro duc tion work ers Iron mining, usable ore SIC 101 62.8 68.7 68.7 66.7 71.2 77.4 72.9 75.7 65.1 84.7 81.2 80.9 73.1 72.0 79.7 83.9 86.6 91.8 101.4 99.7 102.5 100.0 105.1 108.9 106.6 1939 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 195fi 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 19f>2 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 19702 95.7 157.8 171.4 148.5 160.6 176.0 157.0 182.6 139.9 141.4 139.5 152.1 106.5 96.4 129.2 98.8 96.8 93.6 97.8 103.3 104.1 100.0 97.1 96.4 100.3 Pro duc tion work ers N onproduction work ers 1 Output 60.1 108.4 117.8 99.0 114.4 136.2 114.5 138.2 91.1 119. 8 113.3 123.0 77.9 69.4 103.0 82.9 83.8 85.9 99. 2 103.0 106.7 100.0 102.1 105.0 106.9 1939____________ 1947____________ 1948____________ 1949____________ 1950____________ 1951__________ 1952____________ 1953____________ 1954__________ 1955__________ 1956__________ 1957__________ 1958____________ 1959____________ 1960____________ 1961..____ ______ 1962.................. 1963____________ 1964____ ________ 1 96 5 .............. 1966____________ 1967____________ 1968__________ 1969____________ 1970 2___________ 29.2 32.8 32.8 34.4 37.1 37.3 39.2 42.2 49.3 52.8 55.3 56.1 62.3 63.6 67.3 74.1 78.7 81.6 86.7 92.4 97.6 100.0 105.4 105.9 101.7 291.3 396.9 379.7 266.1 287.6 291.0 245.1 216.0' 160.1 172.5 178.7 172.2 129.9 127.0 119.7 104.7 102.6 107.3 105.8 102.5 99.7 100.0 93.4 95.0 104.3 85.1 130.3 124.6 91.6 106.7 108.4 96.2 91.2 79.0 91.1 98.9 96.6 80.9 80.8 80.6 77.6 80.7 87.6 91.7 94.7 97.3 100.0 98.4 100.6 106.1 - 6 .1 - 3 .1 -.5 1.9 R ates of C han ge 2 2.2 3.2 1947-70 1957-70 - 2 .9 -1 .7 -.8 1.5 1947-70_________ 1957-70_________ 5.9 5.1 Copper mining, recoverable metal SIC 102 51.2 58.9 57.7 58.8 68.4 68.6 68.8 64.6 65.0 73.0 70.1 76.5 86.3 81.8 84.0 87.5 95.0 95.4 103.9 102.5 105.0 100.0 103.4 106.9 111.5 1939 1947 1948 1949 1950 . _ 1951 1952 _____ 1953 1954 _ 1955 1956________ . 1957 1958 . . . 1959 1960 _______ 1961 . 1962 1963 ___ ____ 1964 1965 . 1966 1967 1968 ................. 1969 ................. 19702 - - 144.9 148.6 149.2 130.9 136.5 138.8 138.6 148.5 133.0 142.1 164.0 147.4 118.2 104.8 133.9 138.9 134.6 132.4 125.0 137.7 142.4 100.0 122.1 151.5 160.4 Bituminous coal and lignite mining SIC 12 74.2 87.5 86.1 77.0 93.4 95.2 95.3 96.0 86.5 103.8 114.9 112.8 102.0 85.7 112.5 121.5 127.9 126.3 129.9 141.2 149.5 100.0 126.3 161.9 178.8 1939................. 1947____________ 1948____________ 1949 ............... . 1950____ ________ 1951____________ 1952____________ 1953____________ 1954 _________ 1955____________ 1956____________ 1957____________ 1958____________ 1959____________ 1960____________ 1961____________ 1962____ _______ 1963____________ 1964.......... ......... 1965...................... 1966____________ 1967............... 1968.................. 1969 ___ ............. 1970 2............. . 28.2 32.1 32.0 33.7 36.9 36.7 38.8 42.0 48.8 52.6 54.3 55.6 61.6 62.8 66.7 73.6 77.9 80.8 86.6 92.7 97.9 100.0 105.1 106.1 102.8 254.2 356.5 339.8 235.8 254.1 264.2 218.2 197.3 145.5 161.1 168.7 162.9 122.8 120.9 114.6 100.5 99.5 104.1 102.8 100.7 99.0 100.0 93.9 95.6 105.0 71.7 114.4 108.8 79.4 93.7 96.9 84.7 82.9 71.0 84.7 91.6 90.5 75.7 75.9 76.4 74.0 77.5 84.1 89.0 93.3 96.9 100.0 98.7 101.4 107.9 -5 .5 -2 .5 -.2 2.6 R ates o f C hange 2 R ates o f C hange 2 ........... 3.0 2.6 See footnotes at end of table. 170 All em ploy ees Coal mining SIC 11, 12 R ates of C han ge 2 1947-70 1957-70_________ N onproduction work ers 1 Man-hours -.3 .7 2.7 3.4 1947-70......... 1957-70.......... ........... 6.0 5.3 T A B L E 87. Indexes of Output Per M an-Hour, M an-Hours, and Output, for Selected Industries, 1 9 3 9 -7 0 — Continued [1967 = 100] All em ploy ees Year Pro duc tion work ers Nonproduction work ers 1 Output per man-hour Man-hours Output per man-hour All em ploy ees Pro duc tion work ers Nonproduction work ers 1 All em ploy ees Year Output Pro duc tion work ers Non
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