Mostashari, Shalah M. "Vertical Specialization, Intermediate Tariffs, and the Pattern of Trade : Assessing the Role of Tariff Liberalization to U.S. Bilateral Trade 1989-2001, No. 71," Globalization Institute Working Papers (January 2011). https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/9361/item/685094, accessed on January 19, 2026.