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Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment, 1997 U.S. Department of Labor Alexis M. Herman, Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner June 1999 Bulletin 2515 Preface A mated undercount, are not generally available for geographic areas below the State level. The CPS metropolitan area and city estimates may differ from the official estimates produced by the individual States through the LAUS program. CPS estimates are provided herein because they are the only current source of information on demographic and economic characteristics for these areas. Official 1997 annual average LAUS estimates for metropolitan areas appeared in the May 1998 issue of Employment and Earnings. Official LAUS estimates for metropolitan areas and cities were published in the report, Supplement to Unemployment in States and Local Areas, 1997. Geographic definitions for metropolitan areas in this publication reflect those issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) on June 30, 1993. (See appendix C.) An errata of tables 1-11 from the Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment, 1996, is included in this publication. The Division of Local Area Unemployment Statistics, in collaboration with the Division of Data Development and Publications, in the Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics prepared this bulletin. Editorial assistance was provided by the Data Users and Publication Services Group. Information in this bulletin is available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-7828; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8399. Material in this publication is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission. nnual data on the labor force, employment, and unemployment in States and sub-State areas are available from two major sources—the Current Population Survey (CPS) and the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program. The CPS is a sample survey of about 50,000 households conducted by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The LAUS program is a Federal-State cooperative endeavor, in which State employment security agencies prepare estimates using concepts, definitions, and estimation procedures prescribed by BLS. This bulletin presents 1997 annual averages from the CPS for census regions and divisions, the 50 States and the District of Columbia, 50 large metropolitan areas, and 17 central cities. Data are provided on the employed and unemployed by selected demographic and economic characteristics. Tables 1-11 present 1997 annual average labor force estimates for census regions and divisions. Similar information for all States and the District of Columbia appears in tables 12-22. All these data incorporate updated 1990 census-based population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount. The LAUS program uses the total CPS estimates for States and the District of Columbia as the official annual average labor force statistics. Tables 23-27 display 1997 annual average rates, ratios, and percent distributions from the CPS for 50 large metropolitan areas and 17 central cities. Levels for the various labor force categories are not presented because independent 1990 census-based population controls, adjusted for the esti- iii Contents Page Geographic profile of employment and unemployment, 1997 ........................................................................................ 1 Section I. Estimates for Census regions and divisions .................................................................................................... 3 Tables: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Census regions and divisions, 1997 annual averages: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin .......... Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin .......... Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force by occupation ..................................................... Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin .............................. Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force for private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry ....................................................................................................................................... Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin .............................................................................................................................. Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin .................................................................................. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status ............ Employed persons with a job but not at work by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and reason not at work ............ Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment ............................................................................................................................................... Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment ............................................................................................................................................... 5 10 13 17 22 25 30 32 34 36 38 Section II: Estimates for States ........................................................................................................................................ 41 Charts: 1. Unemployment rates by State, 1997 annual averages ..................................................................................... 43 2. Employment-population ratios by State, 1997 annual averages ..................................................................... 43 Tables: 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. States, 1997 annual averages: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin .......... Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin .......... Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force by occupation ..................................................... Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation .............................. Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force by industry ......................................................... Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry ................................... Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin .................................................................................. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status ............ Employed persons with a job but not at work by reason ................................................................................ Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment .............................................................................................................................................. 22. Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment .............................................................................................................................................. v 44 57 64 68 74 78 84 90 95 96 100 Contents—Contin ued Contents—Continued Page Section III. Estimates for metropolitan areas and cities ................................................................................................... 104 Tables: Metropolitan areas and cities, 1997 annual averages: 23. Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin ...................................................................................................................... 24. Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation .............................. 25. Unemployment rates by occupation ................................................................................................................ 26. Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex, race, and Hispanic origin ............................................................................................................................................................ 27. Unemployment rates for nonagricultural workers by industry ........................................................................ 106 118 126 128 136 Appendixes: A. Concepts and definitions for data derived from the Current Population Survey ........................................................ 138 B. Sampling and estimation procedures and sampling error tables ................................................................................. 140 C. Geographic boundary definitions ............................................................................................................................... 155 vi Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment, 1997 T he Current Population Survey (CPS) is the regular monthly survey of about 50,000 households from which the national unemployment rate is derived. (See appendix A for concepts and definitions used in the CPS and appendix B for a description of the estimation procedure.) Determination of which annual average estimates of the labor force by demographic characteristics (age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin) and economic characteristics of the employed and unemployed are published in this bulletin is explained in appendix B. Table B-1 lists the minimum bases required for publication for various geographic areas. Estimates for census regions and divisions are shown in section I; data for States are shown in section II, and limited data for metropolitan areas and cities are shown in section III. Estimates of levels are not provided in section III be- cause population controls needed to make estimates of levels comparable to those in the other sections of this publication are not available. Because the estimates are based on a survey rather than on a complete census of the population, they are subject to sampling error. Consequently, error ranges have been calculated, in the form of 90-percent confidence intervals, and displayed for the unemployment rates in the first table of sections I, II, and III. In addition, appendix B provides tables from which the sampling error ranges can be obtained for the data in other tables in sections I and II. Separate error tables are not provided for each population group (i.e., total, white, black, or Hispanic). Instead, one table is used for all population groups for a given labor force characteristic, because differences in sampling errors are usually minimal. 1 Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Civilian labor force Employment Civilian noninstitutional population Number Percent of population Number Percent of population Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 203,133 97,715 105,418 15,365 136,297 73,261 63,036 7,932 67.1 75.0 59.8 51.6 129,558 69,685 59,873 6,661 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 169,993 82,577 87,417 12,181 114,693 62,639 52,054 6,720 67.5 75.9 59.5 55.2 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 24,003 10,763 13,241 2,412 15,529 7,354 8,175 933 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 20,321 10,368 9,953 2,121 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ Area and population group Unemployment Error range of rate1 Number Rate 63.8 71.3 56.8 43.4 6,739 3,577 3,162 1,271 4.9 4.9 5.0 16.0 4.9 4.8 4.9 15.5 - 5.0 5.0 5.1 16.5 109,856 59,998 49,859 5,807 64.6 72.7 57.0 47.7 4,836 2,641 2,195 912 4.2 4.2 4.2 13.6 4.1 4.1 4.1 13.1 - 4.3 4.3 4.3 14.1 64.7 68.3 61.7 38.7 13,969 6,607 7,362 631 58.2 61.4 55.6 26.1 1,560 747 813 302 10.0 10.2 9.9 32.4 9.7 9.7 9.5 30.4 - 10.4 10.6 10.4 34.4 13,796 8,309 5,486 911 67.9 80.1 55.1 43.0 12,726 7,728 4,999 714 62.6 74.5 50.2 33.7 1,069 582 488 197 7.7 7.0 8.9 21.6 7.4 6.6 8.4 20.0 - 8.1 7.4 9.4 23.2 39,751 18,787 20,964 2,849 26,101 13,856 12,245 1,394 65.7 73.8 58.4 48.9 24,696 13,096 11,600 1,159 62.1 69.7 55.3 40.7 1,405 760 645 235 5.4 5.5 5.3 16.9 5.2 5.3 5.0 15.8 - 5.5 5.7 5.5 17.9 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 33,666 16,021 17,645 2,287 22,289 11,950 10,339 1,222 66.2 74.6 58.6 53.4 21,278 11,389 9,888 1,047 63.2 71.1 56.0 45.8 1,011 561 451 175 4.5 4.7 4.4 14.3 4.4 4.5 4.1 13.3 - 4.7 4.9 4.6 15.4 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 4,604 2,030 2,575 458 2,829 1,337 1,492 142 61.5 65.9 58.0 30.9 2,492 1,175 1,317 90 54.1 57.9 51.2 19.5 337 162 175 52 11.9 12.1 11.7 36.9 11.3 11.2 10.8 33.6 - 12.6 13.1 12.6 40.2 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 3,245 1,549 1,696 354 2,018 1,152 866 134 62.2 74.3 51.0 37.9 1,827 1,054 773 98 56.3 68.0 45.6 27.8 191 98 93 36 9.5 8.5 10.7 26.9 8.7 7.6 9.6 23.0 - 10.2 9.4 11.8 30.7 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 10,328 4,949 5,379 697 7,118 3,724 3,394 416 68.9 75.2 63.1 59.6 6,804 3,546 3,258 360 65.9 71.7 60.6 51.6 314 178 136 56 4.4 4.8 4.0 13.4 4.2 4.4 3.7 11.9 - 4.7 5.1 4.4 15.0 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 9,542 4,577 4,965 626 6,578 3,456 3,122 388 68.9 75.5 62.9 62.0 6,311 3,305 3,006 342 66.1 72.2 60.5 54.6 267 150 116 46 4.1 4.4 3.7 12.0 3.8 4.0 3.4 10.4 - 4.3 4.7 4.1 13.5 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 577 260 316 395 180 215 68.6 69.1 68.1 355 157 198 61.6 60.3 62.6 41 23 17 10.2 12.8 8.1 8.6 10.2 6.1 - 11.8 15.4 10.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 429 195 234 282 145 136 65.7 74.4 58.4 252 129 124 58.8 65.9 52.9 29 17 13 10.4 11.4 9.4 8.5 8.6 6.7 - 12.4 14.3 12.1 29,423 13,838 15,585 18,983 10,132 8,850 64.5 73.2 56.8 17,892 9,550 8,342 60.8 69.0 53.5 1,091 582 509 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.6 5.5 5.5 - 5.9 6.0 6.0 UNITED STATES2 Northeast Region New England Division Middle Atlantic Division Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Area and population group Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Number Percent of population Employment Number Percent of population Unemployment Number Rate Error range of rate1 Middle Atlantic Division–Continued Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 2,152 979 45.5 799 37.1 179 18.3 17.0 - 19.6 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 24,122 11,443 12,679 1,660 15,709 8,493 7,216 834 65.1 74.2 56.9 50.2 14,965 8,083 6,881 705 62.0 70.6 54.3 42.5 745 410 334 129 4.7 4.8 4.6 15.5 4.5 4.6 4.3 14.1 - 4.9 5.1 4.9 16.8 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 4,029 1,770 2,259 403 2,435 1,158 1,277 120 60.4 65.4 56.5 29.7 2,138 1,018 1,120 75 53.1 57.5 49.6 18.5 297 139 157 45 12.2 12.0 12.3 37.8 11.5 11.0 11.4 34.2 - 12.9 13.1 13.3 41.4 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,818 1,355 1,463 293 1,736 1,007 730 111 61.6 74.3 49.9 38.0 1,575 926 650 85 55.9 68.3 44.4 28.9 161 81 80 27 9.3 8.1 11.0 23.9 8.5 7.1 9.7 19.8 - 10.0 9.0 12.2 28.0 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 47,305 22,827 24,478 3,688 32,957 17,578 15,379 2,244 69.7 77.0 62.8 60.9 31,625 16,860 14,765 1,957 66.9 73.9 60.3 53.1 1,332 718 614 287 4.0 4.1 4.0 12.8 3.9 3.9 3.8 12.0 - 4.2 4.3 4.2 13.6 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 41,992 20,404 21,588 3,158 29,532 15,936 13,596 2,022 70.3 78.1 63.0 64.0 28,509 15,368 13,140 1,799 67.9 75.3 60.9 57.0 1,023 567 456 223 3.5 3.6 3.4 11.0 3.3 3.4 3.2 10.2 - 3.6 3.7 3.5 11.8 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 4,286 1,932 2,353 433 2,709 1,262 1,447 181 63.2 65.3 61.5 41.9 2,436 1,128 1,309 123 56.9 58.4 55.6 28.4 272 134 138 58 10.1 10.6 9.5 32.3 9.4 9.6 8.7 29.1 - 10.7 11.6 10.4 35.4 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,502 828 674 177 1,088 693 395 92 72.4 83.7 58.6 51.9 1,021 654 367 77 68.0 79.0 54.4 43.4 67 39 28 15 6.2 5.7 7.2 16.5 5.3 4.6 5.6 12.2 - 7.1 6.7 8.7 20.9 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 33,336 16,061 17,275 2,572 22,852 12,236 10,616 1,508 68.6 76.2 61.5 58.6 21,876 11,717 10,159 1,311 65.6 73.0 58.8 51.0 977 520 457 197 4.3 4.2 4.3 13.1 4.1 4.0 4.1 12.1 - 4.4 4.5 4.6 14.1 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 29,056 14,119 14,937 2,153 20,126 10,939 9,187 1,343 69.3 77.5 61.5 62.4 19,399 10,540 8,859 1,195 66.8 74.6 59.3 55.5 728 399 328 148 3.6 3.6 3.6 11.1 3.4 3.4 3.3 10.0 - 3.8 3.9 3.8 12.1 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 3,577 1,600 1,977 355 2,234 1,028 1,205 139 62.4 64.3 61.0 39.3 2,008 918 1,090 93 56.1 57.4 55.1 26.2 226 110 115 46 10.1 10.7 9.6 33.3 9.4 9.6 8.6 29.6 - 10.8 11.8 10.6 36.9 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,200 661 540 141 865 553 311 70 72.0 83.8 57.6 49.8 814 523 291 59 67.8 79.2 53.9 41.8 51 30 20 11 5.9 5.5 6.6 16.1 4.9 4.3 4.9 11.1 - 6.8 6.6 8.2 21.0 13,969 6,766 7,203 1,116 10,103 5,341 4,762 736 72.3 78.9 66.1 66.0 9,748 5,143 4,605 646 69.8 76.0 63.9 57.9 355 198 157 90 3.5 3.7 3.3 12.2 3.3 3.4 3.0 11.0 - 3.7 4.0 3.6 13.5 Midwest Region East North Central Division West North Central Division Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ See footnotes at end of table. Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Area and population group Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Number Percent of population Employment Number Percent of population Unemployment Number Rate Error range of rate1 West North Central Division–Continued White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 12,933 6,283 6,649 1,004 9,402 4,996 4,407 678 72.7 79.5 66.3 67.5 9,107 4,827 4,279 604 70.4 76.8 64.4 60.1 296 168 127 75 3.1 3.4 2.9 11.0 2.9 3.1 2.6 9.7 - 3.4 3.7 3.2 12.3 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 711 333 378 476 234 242 67.0 70.3 64.1 430 210 219 60.4 63.1 58.1 47 24 23 9.8 10.3 9.4 8.2 8.0 7.2 - 11.4 12.6 11.6 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 302 168 135 224 140 84 74.1 83.6 62.3 207 131 76 68.5 78.2 56.4 17 9 8 7.5 6.4 9.4 5.5 4.0 5.8 - 9.6 8.8 13.1 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 71,523 34,176 37,348 5,426 47,202 25,206 21,996 2,644 66.0 73.8 58.9 48.7 44,875 24,030 20,845 2,182 62.7 70.3 55.8 40.2 2,326 1,176 1,150 462 4.9 4.7 5.2 17.5 4.8 4.5 5.0 16.6 - 5.1 4.8 5.4 18.3 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 56,696 27,522 29,174 3,956 37,307 20,467 16,841 2,041 65.8 74.4 57.7 51.6 35,851 19,692 16,159 1,763 63.2 71.5 55.4 44.6 1,457 775 682 279 3.9 3.8 4.0 13.6 3.8 3.6 3.9 12.8 - 4.0 4.0 4.2 14.5 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 13,044 5,801 7,243 1,333 8,672 4,070 4,601 544 66.5 70.2 63.5 40.8 7,865 3,699 4,166 373 60.3 63.8 57.5 28.0 807 372 436 171 9.3 9.1 9.5 31.4 8.9 8.6 9.0 30.4 - 9.7 9.7 10.0 32.4 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 6,850 3,476 3,373 680 4,637 2,770 1,866 296 67.7 79.7 55.3 43.6 4,317 2,609 1,709 238 63.0 75.0 50.7 35.0 319 162 158 59 6.9 5.8 8.4 19.9 6.4 5.3 7.6 17.5 - 7.4 6.4 9.3 22.2 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 36,957 17,609 19,348 2,554 24,408 12,925 11,483 1,295 66.0 73.4 59.3 50.7 23,300 12,371 10,929 1,093 63.0 70.2 56.5 42.8 1,108 554 554 202 4.5 4.3 4.8 15.6 4.4 4.1 4.6 14.4 - 4.7 4.5 5.1 16.7 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 28,632 13,845 14,788 1,789 18,767 10,197 8,570 972 65.5 73.6 58.0 54.3 18,127 9,860 8,267 863 63.3 71.2 55.9 48.3 640 337 303 108 3.4 3.3 3.5 11.2 3.2 3.1 3.3 9.9 - 3.6 3.5 3.8 12.4 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 7,469 3,355 4,114 707 5,045 2,403 2,642 296 67.5 71.6 64.2 41.9 4,603 2,197 2,406 208 61.6 65.5 58.5 29.4 442 206 236 88 8.8 8.6 8.9 29.9 8.3 7.9 8.3 28.1 - 9.2 9.3 9.6 31.6 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,462 1,255 1,207 173 1,699 1,008 691 81 69.0 80.3 57.3 46.9 1,602 960 642 70 65.1 76.5 53.1 40.7 97 48 50 11 5.7 4.7 7.2 13.3 5.1 4.0 6.1 9.0 - 6.4 5.5 8.3 17.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 12,558 5,983 6,575 992 8,076 4,264 3,812 488 64.3 71.3 58.0 49.2 7,643 4,052 3,591 399 60.9 67.7 54.6 40.2 433 212 221 89 5.4 5.0 5.8 18.3 5.0 4.5 5.3 16.4 - 5.7 5.4 6.3 20.1 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... 9,910 4,789 6,358 3,445 64.2 71.9 6,092 3,308 61.5 69.1 265 137 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.6 - 4.5 4.4 South Region South Atlantic Division East South Central Division See footnotes at end of table. Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Area and population group Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Number Percent of population Employment Number Percent of population Unemployment Number Rate Error range of rate1 East South Central Division–Continued Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 5,121 699 2,913 364 56.9 52.1 2,785 315 54.4 45.0 128 49 4.4 13.5 3.9 11.5 - 4.9 15.5 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,534 1,141 1,393 280 1,636 776 860 117 64.6 68.0 61.8 41.9 1,472 704 769 78 58.1 61.7 55.2 27.9 164 72 92 39 10.0 9.3 10.6 33.5 9.1 8.1 9.4 33.5 - 10.9 10.5 11.8 33.5 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... 111 63 90 58 81.1 93.0 86 56 77.5 90.3 4 2 4.3 2.9 1.9 .4 - 6.8 5.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 22,008 10,583 11,425 1,879 14,718 8,017 6,701 861 66.9 75.8 58.6 45.8 13,932 7,607 6,325 690 63.3 71.9 55.4 36.7 785 410 375 171 5.3 5.1 5.6 19.8 5.1 4.8 5.2 18.4 - 5.6 5.4 6.0 21.2 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 18,152 8,887 9,265 1,467 12,181 6,824 5,357 705 67.1 76.8 57.8 48.1 11,630 6,523 5,107 584 64.1 73.4 55.1 39.8 551 301 250 121 4.5 4.4 4.7 17.1 4.3 4.1 4.3 15.6 - 4.8 4.7 5.0 18.7 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 3,043 1,307 1,737 346 1,992 893 1,100 131 65.5 68.3 63.3 37.8 1,790 799 992 88 58.8 61.1 57.1 25.4 202 94 108 43 10.1 10.5 9.8 32.9 9.4 9.3 8.8 30.8 - 10.9 11.7 10.9 35.0 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 4,271 2,156 2,115 498 2,844 1,702 1,142 211 66.6 78.9 54.0 42.5 2,626 1,590 1,036 164 61.5 73.7 49.0 32.9 218 112 106 47 7.7 6.6 9.2 22.5 7.0 5.8 8.1 20.1 - 8.3 7.4 10.4 24.9 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 44,500 21,900 22,600 3,398 30,003 16,602 13,401 1,648 67.4 75.8 59.3 48.5 28,330 15,681 12,649 1,361 63.7 71.6 56.0 40.1 1,673 921 752 287 5.6 5.5 5.6 17.4 5.4 5.3 5.4 16.3 - 5.8 5.8 5.9 18.5 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 37,598 18,609 18,989 2,779 25,539 14,272 11,267 1,434 67.9 76.7 59.3 51.6 24,196 13,535 10,662 1,199 64.4 72.7 56.1 43.1 1,343 738 605 235 5.3 5.2 5.4 16.4 5.1 4.9 5.1 15.2 - 5.4 5.4 5.6 17.6 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,065 998 1,067 188 1,317 683 634 66 63.7 68.4 59.4 34.9 1,174 605 569 45 56.8 60.6 53.3 23.9 143 78 64 21 10.8 11.5 10.2 31.5 9.8 9.9 8.7 24.7 - 11.9 13.0 11.7 38.3 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 8,706 4,506 4,200 909 6,041 3,686 2,355 388 69.4 81.8 56.1 42.6 5,550 3,404 2,146 301 63.8 75.6 51.1 33.1 490 282 208 86 8.1 7.6 8.9 22.3 7.7 7.1 8.1 19.9 - 8.6 8.2 9.6 24.7 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 12,308 6,067 6,241 1,038 8,401 4,607 3,794 578 68.3 75.9 60.8 55.7 8,039 4,413 3,626 499 65.3 72.7 58.1 48.1 362 193 169 79 4.3 4.2 4.4 13.7 4.1 3.9 4.1 12.5 - 4.5 4.5 4.8 15.0 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 11,369 5,622 5,747 936 7,783 4,283 3,500 536 68.5 76.2 60.9 57.2 7,468 4,115 3,353 467 65.7 73.2 58.3 49.9 315 168 147 69 4.0 3.9 4.2 12.9 3.8 3.6 3.8 11.6 - 4.3 4.2 4.5 14.2 West South Central Division West Region Mountain Division See footnotes at end of table. Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Area and population group Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Number Percent of population Employment Number Percent of population Unemployment Number Rate Error range of rate1 Mountain Division–Continued Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 339 161 178 233 120 113 68.7 74.6 63.3 214 110 104 63.3 68.7 58.4 18 9 9 7.9 7.9 7.9 6.1 5.5 5.4 - 9.6 10.3 10.3 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,037 1,053 984 235 1,381 834 547 107 67.8 79.2 55.5 45.4 1,301 789 512 91 63.9 75.0 52.0 38.7 79 45 34 16 5.7 5.4 6.3 14.7 5.1 4.6 5.2 12.4 - 6.4 6.2 7.4 17.1 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 32,192 15,833 16,359 2,359 21,601 11,995 9,606 1,069 67.1 75.8 58.7 45.3 20,289 11,267 9,022 861 63.0 71.2 55.2 36.5 1,312 728 584 208 6.1 6.1 6.1 19.4 5.8 5.8 5.7 17.9 - 6.3 6.4 6.4 21.0 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 26,218 12,981 13,237 1,840 17,748 9,985 7,763 897 67.7 76.9 58.6 48.7 16,719 9,415 7,304 730 63.8 72.5 55.2 39.7 1,029 570 459 166 5.8 5.7 5.9 18.5 5.6 5.4 5.5 16.8 - 6.0 6.0 6.3 20.2 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 1,729 839 891 1,085 564 522 62.8 67.2 58.6 961 495 466 55.6 59.0 52.3 125 69 56 11.5 12.2 10.7 10.2 10.5 8.9 - 12.7 14.0 12.4 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 6,673 3,455 3,218 674 4,664 2,855 1,809 281 69.9 82.6 56.2 41.7 4,252 2,617 1,635 210 63.7 75.7 50.8 31.2 412 237 174 71 8.8 8.3 9.6 25.2 8.3 7.6 8.7 21.9 - 9.4 9.0 10.6 28.5 Pacific Division 1 Error ranges are calculated at the 90-percent confidence interval, which means that if repeated samples were drawn from the same population and an error range constructed around each sample estimate, in 9 out of 10 cases the true value based on a complete census of the population would be contained within these error ranges. 2 Because of separate processing and weighting procedures, totals for the United States differ from the results obtained by aggregating the totals for regions and States. NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Data in tables 1-22 incorporate updated 1990 census-based population controls. Table 2. Census regions and divisions: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages (In thousands) Employed1 Unemployed Full-time workers Part-time workers At work2 At work Population group and area Total 35 hours or more 1 to 34 hours Economic reasons Noneconomic reasons Not at work Total Part time for economic reasons Part time for noneconomic reasons Not at work Looking for Looking for full-time part-time work work TOTAL Northeast ...................................... New England ............................... Middle Atlantic ............................. 19,911 5,412 14,498 17,328 4,686 12,642 188 54 134 1,587 443 1,143 808 229 579 4,785 1,392 3,393 608 147 461 3,860 1,141 2,719 318 104 214 1,114 245 870 291 69 221 Midwest ........................................ East North Central ....................... West North Central ...................... 25,553 17,721 7,830 22,179 15,450 6,728 308 210 98 2,074 1,344 730 991 717 274 6,073 4,155 1,917 564 401 163 5,120 3,500 1,619 389 254 135 1,027 761 266 305 216 90 South ............................................ South Atlantic .............................. East South Central ...................... West South Central ..................... 37,909 19,746 6,433 11,729 32,971 17,313 5,513 10,145 526 267 93 166 3,016 1,489 553 974 1,397 677 275 444 6,966 3,553 1,210 2,203 848 435 129 285 5,633 2,884 985 1,764 485 235 96 155 1,913 913 356 644 413 195 77 141 West ............................................. Mountain ...................................... Pacific .......................................... 22,936 6,520 16,414 19,899 5,682 14,215 384 102 282 1,837 511 1,326 816 225 591 5,394 1,519 3,875 804 173 632 4,240 1,246 2,994 350 100 249 1,339 285 1,055 334 77 257 Northeast ...................................... New England ............................... Middle Atlantic ............................. 11,657 3,151 8,505 10,364 2,791 7,573 111 33 78 763 212 551 419 116 303 1,439 394 1,045 255 61 194 1,098 306 792 87 28 59 649 152 498 111 26 85 Midwest ........................................ East North Central ....................... West North Central ...................... 15,057 10,501 4,555 13,357 9,353 4,004 189 130 59 1,010 655 354 501 363 138 1,803 1,215 587 233 171 62 1,481 994 487 89 51 38 594 436 159 124 84 40 South ............................................ South Atlantic .............................. East South Central ...................... West South Central ..................... 21,720 11,186 3,660 6,873 19,280 10,005 3,200 6,075 324 166 52 107 1,456 701 272 482 659 314 135 210 2,310 1,184 392 734 335 166 48 121 1,829 943 316 570 147 75 28 44 990 465 178 347 186 89 34 63 West ............................................. Mountain ...................................... Pacific .......................................... 13,809 3,908 9,900 12,201 3,468 8,732 246 63 183 940 262 678 422 115 307 1,872 505 1,367 364 74 291 1,412 409 1,003 96 23 74 778 162 616 143 32 112 Northeast ...................................... New England ............................... Middle Atlantic ............................. 8,255 2,261 5,994 6,964 1,895 5,069 77 21 56 824 232 592 390 113 276 3,346 998 2,348 353 87 267 2,762 835 1,926 231 76 155 465 93 372 180 43 137 Midwest ........................................ East North Central ....................... West North Central ...................... 10,495 7,220 3,275 8,822 6,097 2,724 119 80 39 1,065 689 375 490 354 136 4,270 2,940 1,330 331 230 101 3,638 2,506 1,132 301 203 97 432 325 107 181 132 50 South ............................................ South Atlantic .............................. East South Central ...................... West South Central ..................... 16,189 8,560 2,774 4,856 13,690 7,308 2,313 4,070 202 101 41 59 1,560 787 280 492 737 363 140 234 4,656 2,369 817 1,470 513 269 80 164 3,804 1,941 669 1,194 339 160 68 111 923 448 178 297 227 106 43 79 West ............................................. Mountain ...................................... Pacific .......................................... 9,127 2,612 6,514 7,698 2,214 5,483 138 39 99 897 250 648 394 110 284 3,522 1,014 2,508 440 99 342 2,828 837 1,991 254 78 176 562 124 438 191 45 146 316 90 226 265 75 190 12 4 9 31 10 21 8 2 6 844 270 574 66 19 47 741 237 504 37 14 23 109 24 85 126 31 94 Men Women Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Northeast ...................................... New England ............................... Middle Atlantic ............................. See footnotes at end of table. Table 2. Census regions and divisions: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Employed1 Unemployed Full-time workers Part-time workers At work2 At work Population group and area Total 35 hours or more 1 to 34 hours Economic reasons Noneconomic reasons Not at work Total Part time for economic reasons Part time for noneconomic reasons Not at work Looking for Looking for full-time part-time work work Both sexes, 16 to 19 years–Continued Midwest ........................................ East North Central ....................... West North Central ...................... 593 398 195 490 328 162 25 18 7 62 42 20 16 10 6 1,364 913 451 77 53 24 1,234 829 405 53 32 21 134 90 44 153 107 46 South ............................................ South Atlantic .............................. East South Central ...................... West South Central ..................... 799 391 148 259 653 320 122 211 33 17 6 11 89 42 17 30 23 12 3 8 1,384 703 251 430 102 45 20 37 1,219 627 217 375 62 30 14 18 261 107 53 101 201 94 36 70 West ............................................. Mountain ...................................... Pacific .......................................... 458 184 274 377 154 223 22 8 15 47 18 29 11 5 7 903 315 587 81 24 57 790 278 511 33 12 20 142 43 99 145 37 109 Northeast ...................................... New England ............................... Middle Atlantic ............................. 17,015 4,997 12,017 14,784 4,316 10,468 165 49 115 1,375 418 956 692 214 478 4,262 1,314 2,948 469 128 342 3,500 1,087 2,413 293 100 193 783 206 577 228 60 168 Midwest ........................................ East North Central ....................... West North Central ...................... 22,944 15,635 7,307 19,910 13,623 6,285 280 187 93 1,872 1,198 674 883 628 255 5,564 3,764 1,800 468 324 143 4,739 3,205 1,533 358 234 124 769 554 216 254 174 80 South ............................................ South Atlantic .............................. East South Central ...................... West South Central ..................... 30,128 15,232 5,107 9,788 26,242 13,387 4,390 8,464 408 199 70 140 2,386 1,139 433 813 1,092 507 214 371 5,723 2,895 985 1,842 567 291 80 196 4,744 2,403 826 1,515 412 201 80 131 1,170 512 215 442 287 128 50 109 West ............................................. Mountain ...................................... Pacific .......................................... 19,498 6,044 13,446 16,897 5,265 11,624 338 95 243 1,568 472 1,096 696 212 483 4,698 1,424 3,273 664 153 512 3,721 1,175 2,544 313 95 217 1,065 246 820 278 69 209 Northeast ...................................... New England ............................... Middle Atlantic ............................. 2,104 294 1,810 1,825 263 1,563 19 4 16 170 19 152 89 10 80 389 60 328 115 16 99 256 41 215 17 3 14 281 34 247 56 7 50 Midwest ........................................ East North Central ....................... West North Central ...................... 2,049 1,690 360 1,769 1,468 302 25 22 4 164 125 39 91 75 16 387 318 69 82 70 12 282 231 51 23 17 6 229 188 ( 3) South ............................................ South Atlantic .............................. East South Central ...................... West South Central ..................... 6,775 4,013 1,262 1,501 5,831 3,477 1,069 1,286 105 61 23 21 563 318 112 133 277 158 59 61 1,089 590 210 289 263 135 48 80 761 425 146 190 65 30 16 19 693 379 137 177 114 62 26 25 West ............................................. Mountain ...................................... Pacific .......................................... 990 177 814 853 155 699 13 2 11 81 15 67 42 5 36 184 37 147 47 10 37 126 26 101 11 2 9 122 ( 3) 107 21 ( 3) 18 Northeast ...................................... New England ............................... Middle Atlantic ............................. 1,529 211 1,318 1,360 187 1,174 17 3 14 107 15 92 45 6 39 298 41 257 68 11 56 216 27 189 15 3 12 158 ( 3) 137 32 ( 3) 25 Midwest ........................................ 874 778 17 52 27 147 32 108 7 52 16 White Black 44 37 ( 3) Hispanic origin See footnotes at end of table. Table 2. Census regions and divisions: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Employed1 Unemployed Full-time workers Part-time workers At work2 At work Population group and area Total 35 hours or more 1 to 34 hours Economic reasons Noneconomic reasons Not at work Total Part time for economic reasons Part time for noneconomic reasons Not at work Looking for Looking for full-time part-time work work Hispanic origin–Continued ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 29 8 1 20 273 84 ( 3) 185 46 13 ( 3) 33 48 12 36 403 64 340 87 15 72 East North Central ....................... West North Central ...................... 710 165 635 143 14 3 39 13 22 5 104 42 22 10 77 31 5 2 South ............................................ South Atlantic .............................. East South Central ...................... West South Central ..................... 3,700 1,385 74 2,239 3,222 1,222 66 1,932 81 28 1 53 276 96 4 176 120 38 3 79 617 217 12 387 138 54 2 82 450 155 9 285 West ............................................. Mountain ...................................... Pacific .......................................... 4,629 1,088 3,544 4,049 957 3,094 129 26 103 319 71 249 132 34 97 921 214 708 256 48 208 618 154 464 1 Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on their usual weekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are at work during the reference week. Persons absent from work are classified according to their usual status. 2 Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their reason for working part time. 3 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Northeast Employment status and occupation Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Managerial and professional specialty ................... 7,906 Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 3,803 Professional specialty .......................................... 4,103 Engineers ........................................................... 367 Mathematical and computer scientists ............... 324 Health diagnosing occupations ........................... 253 Health assessment and treating occupations ..... 643 Teachers, except college and university ............ 959 2,265 1,075 1,190 124 110 73 193 244 5,641 2,728 2,913 243 215 180 450 715 8,864 4,289 4,576 499 317 242 752 1,100 6,169 2,987 3,182 385 220 178 527 741 2,695 12,848 1,302 6,311 1,393 6,537 114 677 97 508 64 329 226 976 360 1,843 6,978 3,467 3,511 361 321 178 512 927 2,025 997 1,028 96 55 56 172 309 3,846 1,847 1,999 220 132 95 293 606 8,817 4,391 4,426 522 362 212 554 1,002 2,344 1,176 1,168 136 89 54 157 274 6,474 3,215 3,259 386 272 158 398 728 Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... Technicians and related support .......................... Health technologists and technicians ................. Engineering and science technicians ................. Sales occupations ................................................ Supervisors and proprietors ............................... Sales representatives, finance and business services ............................................................ Sales representatives, commodities, except retail .................................................................. Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... Administrative support, including clerical .............. Computer equipment operators .......................... Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. Financial records processing .............................. Mail and message distributing ............................ 7,817 825 359 213 3,097 858 2,084 229 91 67 821 213 5,733 596 268 145 2,276 645 9,510 1,056 460 320 3,881 1,113 6,597 728 319 223 2,676 750 2,912 13,792 328 1,503 141 617 97 427 1,205 5,802 364 1,671 7,245 790 315 222 3,045 852 2,257 252 125 63 974 289 4,290 462 177 141 1,783 530 8,826 933 301 315 3,764 1,086 2,549 278 82 102 1,070 295 6,276 654 218 212 2,693 790 573 159 414 599 413 186 891 524 108 259 630 178 452 308 1,348 3,895 102 851 434 213 87 359 1,034 ( 2) 203 128 52 221 989 2,861 74 648 305 161 389 1,755 4,573 80 981 531 236 287 1,208 3,194 ( 2) 696 359 162 102 547 1,379 ( 2) 284 172 74 502 2,701 6,487 151 1,296 778 354 247 1,407 3,410 81 684 392 186 93 474 1,031 ( 2) 222 129 55 162 820 2,045 ( 2) 390 257 112 344 1,677 4,129 71 700 508 220 96 495 1,200 ( 2) 221 150 53 248 1,181 2,928 53 479 358 167 Service occupations ............................................... 3,829 Private household ................................................. 157 Protective service ................................................. 575 Service, except private household and protective 3,098 Food service ....................................................... 1,197 Health service ..................................................... 650 Cleaning and building service ............................. 667 Personal service ................................................. 583 966 ( 2) 120 815 335 165 163 151 2,863 125 455 2,283 862 485 504 432 4,431 144 499 3,788 1,618 626 794 750 3,050 99 376 2,575 1,105 432 559 480 1,381 ( 2) 123 1,213 513 194 235 270 6,404 322 832 5,251 2,194 869 1,174 1,014 3,300 165 445 2,690 1,170 411 612 497 1,017 44 122 851 356 147 176 171 2,087 113 265 1,709 668 311 385 345 4,122 245 484 3,394 1,541 431 721 700 1,242 49 148 1,045 481 126 215 223 2,879 196 335 2,347 1,059 305 506 477 Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 2,567 Mechanics and repairers ...................................... 825 Construction trades .............................................. 974 757 219 298 1,809 606 676 3,638 1,135 1,327 2,532 767 895 1,106 369 432 5,480 1,849 2,212 2,765 962 1,151 955 292 374 1,759 595 688 3,155 1,032 1,270 963 300 418 2,190 732 851 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 3,455 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 1,485 Transportation and material moving occupations 984 Motor vehicle operators ...................................... 808 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ............................................................. 986 Construction laborers ......................................... 163 900 425 226 180 2,556 1,061 758 628 5,385 2,519 1,410 1,035 3,966 1,942 987 721 1,420 578 423 314 7,208 2,990 2,184 1,614 3,483 1,440 1,038 788 1,563 730 433 303 2,162 820 712 524 3,838 1,518 1,116 849 988 331 330 244 2,851 1,188 787 605 248 44 737 119 1,456 237 1,037 164 419 73 2,035 342 1,005 186 400 60 630 96 1,203 236 327 73 876 162 404 89 124 ( 2) 280 65 1,020 577 459 203 559 373 1,249 425 540 151 221 88 488 187 1,096 233 294 95 802 138 Managerial and professional specialty ................... 7,724 Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 3,711 Professional specialty .......................................... 4,013 Engineers ........................................................... 361 Mathematical and computer scientists ............... 319 Health diagnosing occupations ........................... 250 Health assessment and treating occupations ..... 634 Teachers, except college and university ............ 936 2,226 1,054 1,172 123 108 72 192 239 5,498 2,657 2,841 238 210 178 442 697 8,721 4,223 4,499 493 315 241 742 1,081 6,059 2,934 3,125 381 218 178 520 725 2,662 12,614 1,289 6,206 1,373 6,408 112 665 97 503 63 325 223 963 356 1,803 6,846 3,406 3,440 356 319 176 504 904 1,997 986 1,012 93 54 56 170 304 3,771 1,815 1,956 216 131 94 289 594 8,615 4,295 4,320 516 356 211 546 976 2,298 1,152 1,146 135 89 54 155 268 6,317 3,144 3,174 382 268 157 391 709 Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... 7,449 Technicians and related support .......................... 801 Health technologists and technicians ................. 347 Engineering and science technicians ................. 209 Sales occupations ................................................ 2,937 Supervisors and proprietors ............................... 839 2,001 222 88 66 786 209 5,447 579 259 142 2,151 630 9,217 1,034 452 312 3,733 1,095 6,379 712 314 216 2,568 736 2,837 13,219 322 1,470 139 599 95 419 1,166 5,494 358 1,639 6,956 770 303 219 2,896 837 2,163 246 123 61 918 285 4,099 454 174 139 1,680 517 8,415 908 295 306 3,565 1,061 2,448 275 81 101 1,018 289 5,966 633 214 205 2,547 772 Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. Farm operators and managers ............................. EMPLOYED See footnotes at end of table. Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Northeast Employment status and occupation Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain EMPLOYED–Continued Sales representatives, finance and business services ............................................................ 551 Sales representatives, commodities, except retail .................................................................. 300 Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... 1,237 Administrative support, including clerical .............. 3,710 Computer equipment operators .......................... 98 Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. 814 Financial records processing .............................. 417 Mail and message distributing ............................ 200 155 396 583 402 181 866 510 105 251 613 172 441 84 335 993 ( 2) 195 122 50 217 903 2,717 72 619 295 150 384 1,649 4,450 79 955 522 229 283 1,129 3,100 ( 2) 675 351 157 101 519 1,349 ( 2) 281 171 72 491 2,464 6,255 146 1,252 758 340 240 1,296 3,290 77 659 381 179 91 427 1,000 ( 2) 214 125 54 160 741 1,965 ( 2) 378 252 107 332 1,535 3,942 69 670 498 208 93 460 1,155 ( 2) 213 147 51 239 1,075 2,786 51 456 351 158 Service occupations ............................................... 3,567 Private household ................................................. 143 Protective service ................................................. 548 Service, except private household and protective 2,875 Food service ....................................................... 1,101 Health service ..................................................... 612 Cleaning and building service ............................. 619 Personal service ................................................. 544 913 ( 2) 116 767 311 157 154 145 2,654 114 432 2,108 790 455 466 398 4,181 133 484 3,564 1,503 601 742 718 2,878 91 365 2,422 1,030 413 520 459 1,303 ( 2) 119 1,142 473 188 222 258 5,956 295 809 4,852 1,983 820 1,078 969 3,091 151 435 2,505 1,072 390 567 475 934 40 119 776 318 138 158 162 1,931 104 256 1,571 593 292 353 333 3,828 224 458 3,147 1,410 413 667 656 1,172 45 141 985 447 121 203 213 2,655 179 316 2,160 962 292 464 443 Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 2,426 Mechanics and repairers ...................................... 792 Construction trades .............................................. 892 716 209 276 1,710 584 615 3,498 1,108 1,244 2,432 748 836 1,066 360 409 5,229 1,785 2,075 2,659 935 1,091 899 278 345 1,671 573 639 2,968 988 1,165 921 291 394 2,046 697 771 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 3,169 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 1,385 Transportation and material moving occupations 923 Motor vehicle operators ...................................... 761 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ............................................................. 862 Construction laborers ......................................... 122 835 403 211 169 2,334 982 712 592 5,027 2,381 1,343 991 3,693 1,830 942 692 1,335 552 402 299 6,682 2,781 2,083 1,543 3,241 1,342 989 753 1,441 673 412 288 2,001 766 682 502 3,518 1,415 1,039 794 924 315 311 232 2,595 1,101 727 561 222 36 640 86 1,303 196 921 131 381 65 1,818 293 909 159 356 51 553 83 1,065 199 298 66 767 133 361 88 113 ( 2) 248 64 980 574 434 201 545 372 1,175 423 506 149 209 87 460 187 986 232 276 95 710 137 Managerial and professional specialty ................... Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... Professional specialty .......................................... Engineers ........................................................... Mathematical and computer scientists ............... Health diagnosing occupations ........................... Health assessment and treating occupations ..... Teachers, except college and university ............ 182 92 90 6 6 3 9 23 39 21 18 1 1 1 1 5 143 71 72 5 5 2 8 18 143 66 77 6 2 1 10 19 109 53 57 4 1 1 7 16 34 13 20 2 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 4 234 105 129 12 5 4 14 40 132 61 71 5 3 2 8 23 27 11 16 3 1 3 ( ) 2 5 75 32 42 4 2 1 4 12 202 95 107 6 5 1 8 26 45 24 21 2 1 3 ( ) 2 6 157 71 86 4 4 1 6 19 Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... Technicians and related support .......................... Health technologists and technicians ................. Engineering and science technicians ................. Sales occupations ................................................ Supervisors and proprietors ............................... Sales representatives, finance and business services ............................................................ Sales representatives, commodities, except retail .................................................................. Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... Administrative support, including clerical .............. Computer equipment operators .......................... Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. Financial records processing .............................. Mail and message distributing ............................ 369 24 12 4 160 18 83 6 3 1 35 4 286 17 9 3 125 14 293 22 8 8 147 18 218 16 5 7 108 13 75 6 2 1 39 5 573 33 18 7 308 32 289 20 13 3 149 16 94 6 2 2 56 4 191 8 3 2 103 13 410 25 6 9 198 25 100 3 2 2 52 7 310 22 4 7 146 18 22 4 19 16 11 5 25 14 3 8 17 6 11 8 111 185 4 37 17 13 3 24 41 ( 2) 8 7 1 5 87 144 2 28 11 12 5 106 124 1 25 8 7 4 79 94 ( 2) 21 8 5 1 28 30 ( 2) 4 1 2 11 237 232 6 44 20 13 7 111 120 4 25 10 7 2 47 31 ( 2) 8 4 1 2 79 81 ( 2) 12 6 5 12 141 187 2 31 10 12 4 35 45 ( 2) 8 3 2 9 106 142 2 23 8 10 Service occupations ............................................... Private household ................................................. Protective service ................................................. 262 13 26 54 ( 2) 4 209 12 22 250 11 14 171 8 11 78 ( 2) 4 449 27 22 209 14 10 84 5 4 156 9 9 294 21 26 70 3 7 224 18 19 Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. Farm operators and managers ............................. UNEMPLOYED See footnotes at end of table. Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Northeast Employment status and occupation Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain UNEMPLOYED–Continued Service, except private household and protective Food service ....................................................... Health service ..................................................... Cleaning and building service ............................. Personal service ................................................. 222 96 38 48 40 48 24 8 10 6 175 72 30 39 34 224 115 25 52 32 153 75 19 39 20 71 40 6 13 12 399 211 48 95 45 185 97 20 45 23 75 39 9 18 9 138 75 19 32 13 247 131 18 54 44 60 34 5 12 9 187 97 13 42 35 Precision production, craft, and repair .................... Mechanics and repairers ...................................... Construction trades .............................................. 141 32 82 41 10 22 100 22 60 140 28 82 100 19 59 41 9 23 251 63 137 106 27 60 55 14 29 89 23 48 187 44 105 42 9 25 144 34 80 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. Transportation and material moving occupations Motor vehicle operators ...................................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ............................................................. Construction laborers ......................................... 286 100 61 47 64 22 15 11 222 78 46 35 358 138 66 44 273 112 45 29 85 26 21 15 526 209 100 72 242 98 49 35 122 57 21 15 161 54 30 22 319 104 77 55 64 17 18 11 256 87 59 44 124 41 27 8 98 33 154 41 116 33 38 8 217 49 95 27 44 9 77 13 138 36 29 7 109 30 Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. Farm operators and managers ............................. 43 1 11 ( 2) 31 1 40 3 26 2 14 1 74 2 33 2 13 1 28 ( 3) 111 1 18 ( 3) 93 1 Managerial and professional specialty ................... Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... Professional specialty .......................................... Engineers ........................................................... Mathematical and computer scientists ............... Health diagnosing occupations ........................... Health assessment and treating occupations ..... Teachers, except college and university ............ 2.3 2.4 2.2 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.4 2.4 1.7 2.0 1.5 .8 1.0 1.9 .7 1.9 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.1 2.1 1.1 1.7 2.6 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.2 .5 .4 1.3 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.0 .6 .3 1.3 2.1 1.2 1.0 1.4 2.0 .3 .4 1.3 1.0 1.8 1.7 2.0 1.7 .9 1.1 1.4 2.2 1.9 1.8 2.0 1.3 .8 1.4 1.6 2.5 1.3 1.1 1.6 3.2 .9 ( 3) .9 1.5 1.9 1.8 2.1 1.8 1.1 1.3 1.4 2.0 2.3 2.2 2.4 1.1 1.4 .3 1.4 2.5 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.1 .8 .1 1.1 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.6 1.1 1.7 .3 1.6 2.6 Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... Technicians and related support .......................... Health technologists and technicians ................. Engineering and science technicians ................. Sales occupations ................................................ Supervisors and proprietors ............................... Sales representatives, finance and business services ............................................................ Sales representatives, commodities, except retail .................................................................. Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... Administrative support, including clerical .............. Computer equipment operators .......................... Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. Financial records processing .............................. Mail and message distributing ............................ 4.7 2.9 3.4 1.8 5.2 2.1 4.0 2.8 3.2 1.6 4.3 1.8 5.0 2.9 3.4 1.9 5.5 2.2 3.1 2.1 1.7 2.5 3.8 1.6 3.3 2.2 1.6 3.0 4.1 1.7 2.6 1.8 1.7 1.4 3.2 1.4 4.2 2.2 2.9 1.7 5.3 1.9 4.0 2.5 4.1 1.4 4.9 1.8 4.1 2.3 1.6 3.4 5.8 1.2 4.4 1.6 1.8 1.5 5.8 2.5 4.6 2.7 2.0 2.8 5.3 2.3 3.9 1.2 2.1 1.6 4.8 2.2 4.9 3.3 2.0 3.3 5.4 2.3 3.9 2.3 4.5 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.5 3.2 2.7 3.2 2.5 2.5 8.2 4.7 3.6 4.3 4.0 6.2 3.6 6.8 3.9 ( 2) 4.0 5.1 2.8 2.1 8.7 5.0 2.9 4.4 3.5 7.3 1.4 6.1 2.7 1.4 2.6 1.6 3.1 1.5 6.6 2.9 ( 2) 3.1 2.1 3.4 1.1 5.0 2.2 ( 2) 1.4 .4 2.7 2.2 8.8 3.6 3.8 3.4 2.5 3.8 2.8 7.9 3.5 4.8 3.6 2.7 3.8 2.3 10.0 3.1 ( 2) 3.5 2.7 2.6 1.4 9.6 3.9 ( 2) 3.1 2.2 4.5 3.5 8.4 4.5 3.2 4.4 2.0 5.3 3.6 7.0 3.7 ( 2) 3.5 1.7 3.9 3.5 9.0 4.9 3.5 4.8 2.1 5.7 Service occupations ............................................... Private household ................................................. Protective service ................................................. Service, except private household and protective Food service ....................................................... Health service ..................................................... Cleaning and building service ............................. Personal service ................................................. 6.8 8.6 4.5 7.2 8.0 5.9 7.2 6.8 5.5 ( 2) 3.1 5.9 7.2 4.9 5.8 4.0 7.3 9.3 4.9 7.6 8.4 6.2 7.7 7.8 5.6 7.8 2.9 5.9 7.1 4.0 6.6 4.3 5.6 8.3 2.8 5.9 6.8 4.4 6.9 4.3 5.7 ( 2) 3.1 5.9 7.8 3.2 5.7 4.3 7.0 8.4 2.7 7.6 9.6 5.6 8.1 4.4 6.3 8.2 2.2 6.9 8.3 4.9 7.4 4.6 8.2 10.7 3.0 8.8 10.8 6.3 10.3 5.5 7.5 7.8 3.4 8.1 11.2 6.0 8.4 3.6 7.1 8.5 5.4 7.3 8.5 4.2 7.4 6.3 5.6 6.4 4.7 5.7 7.0 3.8 5.4 4.1 7.8 9.0 5.7 8.0 9.1 4.4 8.4 7.3 Precision production, craft, and repair .................... Mechanics and repairers ...................................... Construction trades .............................................. 5.5 3.9 8.5 5.5 4.6 7.4 5.5 3.7 8.9 3.9 2.4 6.2 3.9 2.4 6.6 3.7 2.4 5.3 4.6 3.4 6.2 3.9 2.8 5.2 5.8 4.7 7.8 5.0 3.8 7.0 5.9 4.2 8.2 4.4 3.1 5.9 6.6 4.7 9.4 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. Transportation and material moving occupations Motor vehicle operators ...................................... 8.3 6.7 6.2 5.8 7.1 5.2 6.8 6.3 8.7 7.4 6.1 5.6 6.7 5.5 4.7 4.3 6.9 5.8 4.6 4.1 6.0 4.5 5.0 4.7 7.3 7.0 4.6 4.4 7.0 6.8 4.7 4.5 7.8 7.8 4.9 4.8 7.4 6.6 4.2 4.1 8.3 6.8 6.9 6.5 6.4 4.9 5.4 4.6 9.0 7.4 7.5 7.3 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE See footnotes at end of table. Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Northeast Employment status and occupation Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain UNEMPLOYMENT RATE–Continued Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ............................................................. Construction laborers ......................................... 12.6 24.9 10.7 17.9 13.2 27.5 10.6 17.2 11.2 20.2 9.0 10.7 10.7 14.3 9.5 14.5 11.1 15.1 12.2 13.4 11.5 15.4 8.8 9.2 12.5 18.3 Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. Farm operators and managers ............................. 10.6 1.3 9.2 ( 2) 11.2 1.7 3.9 .5 5.6 1.1 2.5 .2 5.9 .5 6.2 1.0 5.7 .8 5.6 ( 3) 10.1 .6 6.2 .3 11.6 .8 1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience. 2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. 3 Less than 500 persons. NOTE: Totals for the summary groups published include other occupations not shown separately. Items may not compute to displayed rates because of rounding. Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages Northeast Population group and occupation Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain 9,748 44,875 23,300 100.0 100.0 100.0 7,643 13,932 28,330 100.0 100.0 100.0 8,039 20,289 100.0 100.0 Total TOTAL Total (in thousands) ................................................ 24,696 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 6,804 100.0 17,892 31,625 21,876 100.0 100.0 100.0 Managerial and professional specialty ................... Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... Professional specialty .......................................... Engineers ........................................................... Mathematical and computer scientists ............... Health diagnosing occupations ........................... Health assessment and treating occupations ..... Teachers, except college and university ............ 31.3 15.0 16.3 1.5 1.3 1.0 2.6 3.8 32.7 15.5 17.2 1.8 1.6 1.1 2.8 3.5 30.7 14.9 15.9 1.3 1.2 1.0 2.5 3.9 27.6 13.4 14.2 1.6 1.0 .8 2.3 3.4 27.7 13.4 14.3 1.7 1.0 .8 2.4 3.3 27.3 13.2 14.1 1.1 1.0 .6 2.3 3.7 28.1 13.8 14.3 1.5 1.1 .7 2.1 4.0 29.4 14.6 14.8 1.5 1.4 .8 2.2 3.9 26.1 12.9 13.2 1.2 .7 .7 2.2 4.0 27.1 13.0 14.0 1.6 .9 .7 2.1 4.3 30.4 15.2 15.2 1.8 1.3 .7 1.9 3.4 28.6 14.3 14.3 1.7 1.1 .7 1.9 3.3 31.1 15.5 15.6 1.9 1.3 .8 1.9 3.5 Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... Technicians and related support .......................... Health technologists and technicians ................. Engineering and science technicians ................. Sales occupations ................................................ Supervisors and proprietors ............................... Sales representatives, finance and business services ............................................................ Sales representatives, commodities, except retail .................................................................. Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... Administrative support, including clerical .............. Computer equipment operators .......................... Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. Financial records processing .............................. Mail and message distributing ............................ 30.2 3.2 1.4 .8 11.9 3.4 29.4 3.3 1.3 1.0 11.6 3.1 30.4 3.2 1.4 .8 12.0 3.5 29.1 3.3 1.4 1.0 11.8 3.5 29.2 3.3 1.4 1.0 11.7 3.4 29.1 3.3 1.4 1.0 12.0 3.7 29.5 3.3 1.3 .9 12.2 3.7 29.9 3.3 1.3 .9 12.4 3.6 28.3 3.2 1.6 .8 12.0 3.7 29.4 3.3 1.2 1.0 12.1 3.7 29.7 3.2 1.0 1.1 12.6 3.7 30.5 3.4 1.0 1.3 12.7 3.6 29.4 3.1 1.1 1.0 12.6 3.8 2.2 2.3 2.2 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.2 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.1 2.2 1.2 5.0 15.0 .4 3.3 1.7 .8 1.2 4.9 14.6 .4 2.9 1.8 .7 1.2 5.0 15.2 .4 3.5 1.6 .8 1.2 5.2 14.1 .3 3.0 1.7 .7 1.3 5.2 14.2 .2 3.1 1.6 .7 1.0 5.3 13.8 .3 2.9 1.8 .7 1.1 5.5 13.9 .3 2.8 1.7 .8 1.0 5.6 14.1 .3 2.8 1.6 .8 1.2 5.6 13.1 .4 2.8 1.6 .7 1.1 5.3 14.1 .3 2.7 1.8 .8 1.2 5.4 13.9 .2 2.4 1.8 .7 1.2 5.7 14.4 .2 2.7 1.8 .6 1.2 5.3 13.7 .2 2.2 1.7 .8 Service occupations ............................................... Private household ................................................. Protective service ................................................. Service, except private household and protective Food service ....................................................... Health service ..................................................... Cleaning and building service ............................. Personal service ................................................. 14.4 .6 2.2 11.6 4.5 2.5 2.5 2.2 13.4 .4 1.7 11.3 4.6 2.3 2.3 2.1 14.8 .6 2.4 11.8 4.4 2.5 2.6 2.2 13.2 .4 1.5 11.3 4.8 1.9 2.3 2.3 13.2 .4 1.7 11.1 4.7 1.9 2.4 2.1 13.4 .4 1.2 11.7 4.9 1.9 2.3 2.6 13.3 .7 1.8 10.8 4.4 1.8 2.4 2.2 13.3 .6 1.9 10.8 4.6 1.7 2.4 2.0 12.2 .5 1.6 10.1 4.2 1.8 2.1 2.1 13.9 .7 1.8 11.3 4.3 2.1 2.5 2.4 13.5 .8 1.6 11.1 5.0 1.5 2.4 2.3 14.6 .6 1.8 12.3 5.6 1.5 2.5 2.7 13.1 .9 1.6 10.6 4.7 1.4 2.3 2.2 Precision production, craft, and repair .................... Mechanics and repairers ...................................... Construction trades .............................................. 9.8 3.2 3.6 10.5 3.1 4.1 9.6 3.3 3.4 11.1 3.5 3.9 11.1 3.4 3.8 10.9 3.7 4.2 11.7 4.0 4.6 11.4 4.0 4.7 11.8 3.6 4.5 12.0 4.1 4.6 10.5 3.5 4.1 11.5 3.6 4.9 10.1 3.4 3.8 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. Transportation and material moving occupations Motor vehicle operators ...................................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ............................................................. Construction laborers ......................................... 12.8 5.6 3.7 3.1 12.3 5.9 3.1 2.5 13.0 5.5 4.0 3.3 15.9 7.5 4.2 3.1 16.9 8.4 4.3 3.2 13.7 5.7 4.1 3.1 14.9 6.2 4.6 3.4 13.9 5.8 4.2 3.2 18.8 8.8 5.4 3.8 14.4 5.5 4.9 3.6 12.4 5.0 3.7 2.8 11.5 3.9 3.9 2.9 12.8 5.4 3.6 2.8 3.5 .5 3.3 .5 3.6 .5 4.1 .6 4.2 .6 3.9 .7 4.1 .7 3.9 .7 4.7 .7 4.0 .6 3.8 .7 3.7 .8 3.8 .7 Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. Farm operators and managers ............................. 1.5 .4 1.7 .4 1.4 .4 3.1 1.8 2.0 .9 5.6 3.8 2.6 .9 2.2 .6 2.7 1.1 3.3 1.3 3.5 .8 3.4 1.2 3.5 .7 Total (in thousands) ................................................ 13,096 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 3,546 100.0 9,550 16,860 11,717 100.0 100.0 100.0 5,143 24,030 12,371 100.0 100.0 100.0 4,052 100.0 7,607 15,681 100.0 100.0 4,413 11,267 100.0 100.0 Managerial and professional specialty ................... Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... Professional specialty .......................................... Engineers ........................................................... Mathematical and computer scientists ............... Health diagnosing occupations ........................... Health assessment and treating occupations ..... Teachers, except college and university ............ 30.4 16.2 14.1 2.5 1.7 1.4 .7 1.8 31.4 16.2 15.2 3.2 2.0 1.4 .6 1.6 30.0 16.3 13.7 2.3 1.5 1.4 .7 1.9 26.1 13.8 12.2 2.6 1.3 1.1 .5 1.6 26.6 14.0 12.6 2.9 1.3 1.2 .5 1.6 24.8 13.5 11.3 2.0 1.4 .9 .4 1.6 26.4 14.5 11.9 2.5 1.4 1.0 .6 1.6 27.8 15.4 12.5 2.6 1.7 1.1 .5 1.6 24.5 14.0 10.6 2.2 .9 1.1 .6 1.3 25.2 13.5 11.7 2.6 1.3 .9 .7 1.7 28.9 14.8 14.1 2.9 1.6 1.0 .5 1.8 27.2 14.2 13.0 2.8 1.5 .9 .5 1.7 29.5 15.0 14.5 3.0 1.7 1.0 .5 1.8 Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... Technicians and related support .......................... 20.5 2.8 19.9 3.0 20.7 2.7 18.7 2.8 18.5 2.8 19.2 2.9 19.6 3.0 20.0 3.0 17.7 3.0 19.9 3.0 20.6 3.1 20.3 3.4 20.7 2.9 Men See footnotes at end of table. Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Northeast Population group and occupation Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain Men–Continued Health technologists and technicians ................. Engineering and science technicians ................. Sales occupations ................................................ Supervisors and proprietors ............................... Sales representatives, finance and business services ............................................................ Sales representatives, commodities, except retail .................................................................. Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... Administrative support, including clerical .............. Computer equipment operators .......................... Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. Financial records processing .............................. Mail and message distributing ............................ .5 1.2 11.4 4.1 .5 1.4 11.0 3.6 .5 1.2 11.6 4.3 .4 1.4 10.8 4.0 .4 1.4 10.6 3.9 .4 1.4 11.2 4.1 .5 1.4 11.2 4.3 .5 1.4 11.6 4.2 .7 1.3 10.3 4.1 .5 1.4 11.0 4.4 .5 1.5 11.7 4.0 .5 1.8 11.6 3.9 .5 1.4 11.7 4.0 2.4 2.5 2.4 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.3 1.5 1.8 2.2 2.1 2.3 1.7 3.2 6.3 .3 .1 .2 1.0 1.7 3.1 6.0 .3 .1 .2 .9 1.6 3.2 6.5 .3 .2 .2 1.1 1.8 3.1 5.1 .2 .1 .2 .8 1.8 3.0 5.1 .2 .1 .2 .8 1.5 3.5 5.1 .3 .1 .2 .9 1.5 3.4 5.4 .2 .1 .3 .8 1.4 3.7 5.4 .2 .1 .2 .8 1.6 3.0 4.4 .2 .1 .3 .7 1.6 3.2 5.9 .2 .1 .3 .9 1.6 3.9 5.8 .2 .1 .3 .8 1.6 3.9 5.3 .2 .1 .3 .8 1.6 3.8 6.0 .2 .1 .3 .9 Service occupations ............................................... Private household ................................................. Protective service ................................................. Service, except private household and protective Food service ....................................................... Health service ..................................................... Cleaning and building service ............................. Personal service ................................................. 11.9 ( 1) 3.6 8.3 3.9 .6 2.9 .9 10.8 ( 1) 2.9 7.8 3.9 .4 2.8 .7 12.3 ( 1) 3.8 8.4 3.9 .7 2.9 .9 9.2 ( 1) 2.3 6.9 3.3 .3 2.6 .6 9.4 ( 1) 2.5 6.9 3.4 .3 2.6 .6 8.8 ( 1) 1.9 6.9 3.3 .4 2.5 .7 9.4 .1 2.7 6.7 3.3 .3 2.4 .7 10.1 .1 2.8 7.2 3.6 .3 2.4 .8 8.2 ( 1) 2.3 5.8 2.8 .3 1.9 .8 9.1 .1 2.7 6.3 2.9 .4 2.5 .5 11.0 .1 2.4 8.6 4.6 .4 2.4 1.0 12.1 .1 2.7 9.3 5.1 .5 2.5 1.2 10.6 .1 2.3 8.3 4.5 .4 2.4 1.0 Precision production, craft, and repair .................... Mechanics and repairers ...................................... Construction trades .............................................. 16.9 5.8 6.7 18.2 5.6 7.6 16.4 5.9 6.3 18.8 6.3 7.1 18.8 6.2 6.9 18.7 6.7 7.7 19.9 7.1 8.4 19.7 7.2 8.7 19.7 6.6 8.2 20.3 7.2 8.2 17.3 6.1 7.3 19.2 6.3 8.7 16.6 5.9 6.7 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. Transportation and material moving occupations Motor vehicle operators ...................................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ............................................................. Construction laborers ......................................... 18.2 6.5 6.3 5.1 17.1 6.8 5.3 4.1 18.6 6.4 6.7 5.5 22.6 9.5 7.2 5.3 23.7 10.6 7.3 5.3 20.1 7.2 7.1 5.2 20.7 6.7 7.8 5.7 19.1 6.0 7.2 5.4 25.7 9.6 9.3 6.3 20.5 6.4 8.1 5.8 17.2 5.7 6.0 4.5 16.3 4.6 6.3 4.6 17.6 6.1 5.9 4.5 5.3 .9 5.0 1.0 5.5 .9 5.9 1.1 5.9 1.0 5.8 1.2 6.1 1.2 6.0 1.2 6.8 1.2 6.0 1.1 5.5 1.2 5.4 1.4 5.6 1.1 Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. Farm operators and managers ............................. 2.2 .5 2.6 .5 2.0 .5 4.7 2.7 3.0 1.4 8.5 5.7 4.0 1.4 3.4 .9 4.3 1.7 5.0 1.9 5.0 1.1 5.0 1.6 5.0 .9 Total (in thousands) ................................................ 11,600 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 3,258 100.0 8,342 14,765 10,159 100.0 100.0 100.0 4,605 20,845 10,929 100.0 100.0 100.0 3,591 100.0 6,325 12,649 100.0 100.0 3,626 100.0 9,022 100.0 Managerial and professional specialty ................... Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... Professional specialty .......................................... Engineers ........................................................... Mathematical and computer scientists ............... Health diagnosing occupations ........................... Health assessment and treating occupations ..... Teachers, except college and university ............ 32.3 13.7 18.7 .3 .9 .6 4.7 6.0 34.2 14.7 19.5 .3 1.2 .7 5.2 5.6 31.6 13.2 18.3 .2 .8 .5 4.5 6.2 29.3 12.8 16.5 .3 .6 .4 4.5 5.5 29.0 12.8 16.2 .4 .6 .4 4.5 5.3 30.1 12.9 17.2 .2 .6 .4 4.4 6.0 30.1 13.0 17.0 .3 .8 .4 3.9 6.8 31.2 13.8 17.4 .3 1.0 .4 4.1 6.5 27.9 11.7 16.2 .2 .5 .3 4.1 7.0 29.4 12.5 16.9 .3 .5 .4 3.7 7.4 32.3 15.6 16.7 .4 .8 .5 3.7 5.5 30.3 14.5 15.8 .3 .6 .4 3.6 5.3 33.1 16.1 17.1 .5 .9 .5 3.7 5.6 Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... Technicians and related support .......................... Health technologists and technicians ................. Engineering and science technicians ................. Sales occupations ................................................ Supervisors and proprietors ............................... Sales representatives, finance and business services ............................................................ Sales representatives, commodities, except retail .................................................................. Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... Administrative support, including clerical .............. Computer equipment operators .......................... Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. Financial records processing .............................. 41.1 3.8 2.4 .4 12.4 2.6 39.7 3.6 2.2 .5 12.2 2.5 41.6 3.9 2.5 .4 12.5 2.6 41.1 3.8 2.6 .5 12.9 2.9 41.5 3.8 2.6 .6 13.0 2.7 40.2 3.8 2.6 .5 12.8 3.2 40.9 3.6 2.3 .4 13.5 3.0 41.1 3.7 2.2 .5 13.4 2.9 40.3 3.5 2.6 .3 13.9 3.3 40.9 3.6 2.2 .5 13.3 2.9 41.0 3.4 1.7 .6 13.7 3.5 42.8 3.4 1.6 .6 14.0 3.2 40.3 3.4 1.7 .6 13.6 3.6 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.9 2.1 1.2 1.8 2.1 2.2 2.1 .7 7.1 24.8 .5 6.9 3.4 .7 6.9 24.0 .5 5.9 3.5 .7 7.2 25.2 .5 7.2 3.3 .6 7.6 24.3 .3 6.4 3.3 .7 7.7 24.7 .3 6.5 3.2 .5 7.4 23.6 .3 6.0 3.5 .6 7.9 23.8 .4 5.9 3.3 .6 7.7 24.0 .4 5.9 3.2 .7 8.5 22.9 .5 5.9 3.2 .6 7.9 24.0 .4 5.9 3.6 .6 7.4 24.0 .3 5.1 3.6 .6 7.9 25.4 .2 5.8 3.7 .7 7.1 23.4 .3 4.9 3.5 Women See footnotes at end of table. Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Northeast Population group and occupation Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain Women–Continued Mail and message distributing ............................ .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .7 .7 .7 .6 .6 .5 .7 Service occupations ............................................... Private household ................................................. Protective service ................................................. Service, except private household and protective Food service ....................................................... Health service ..................................................... Cleaning and building service ............................. Personal service ................................................. 17.3 1.2 .7 15.4 5.1 4.6 2.1 3.7 16.2 .9 .4 15.0 5.3 4.3 1.7 3.7 17.7 1.3 .8 15.6 5.0 4.7 2.2 3.7 17.8 .9 .6 16.3 6.4 3.7 2.1 4.2 17.5 .9 .7 15.9 6.3 3.7 2.1 3.9 18.4 .9 .5 17.1 6.6 3.7 2.0 4.8 17.7 1.4 .8 15.6 5.8 3.5 2.5 3.8 16.9 1.3 .8 14.8 5.7 3.2 2.5 3.4 16.8 1.1 .7 15.0 5.7 3.4 2.3 3.5 19.6 1.6 .8 17.2 5.8 4.2 2.6 4.6 16.6 1.6 .7 14.3 5.4 2.7 2.2 3.9 17.6 1.1 .6 15.9 6.2 2.8 2.5 4.4 16.1 1.8 .7 13.6 5.1 2.7 2.1 3.7 Precision production, craft, and repair .................... Mechanics and repairers ...................................... Construction trades .............................................. 1.9 .2 .1 2.2 .3 .2 1.7 .2 .1 2.3 .3 .3 2.2 .3 .3 2.3 .3 .3 2.2 .3 .2 2.1 .4 .2 2.9 .3 .4 1.9 .3 .2 2.0 .3 .2 2.1 .3 .2 2.0 .3 .2 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. Transportation and material moving occupations Motor vehicle operators ...................................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ............................................................. Construction laborers ......................................... 6.8 4.6 .8 .7 7.0 4.9 .7 .7 6.7 4.5 .8 .8 8.2 5.3 .8 .7 9.0 5.8 .9 .7 6.6 4.0 .8 .6 8.2 5.6 1.0 .9 8.0 5.5 1.0 .8 11.2 7.9 1.0 .9 7.0 4.4 1.0 .9 6.5 4.2 .8 .7 5.6 3.1 .9 .8 6.8 4.6 .7 .7 1.4 ( 1) 1.4 .1 1.4 ( 1) 2.1 .1 2.3 .1 1.8 .1 1.7 .1 1.5 .1 2.3 .1 1.6 ( 1) 1.6 .1 1.6 .1 1.6 .1 Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. Farm operators and managers ............................. .7 .2 .6 .2 .7 .2 1.3 .8 .9 .4 2.4 1.8 1.0 .5 .8 .3 1.0 .5 1.3 .7 1.5 .5 1.5 .6 1.6 .4 Total (in thousands) ................................................ 21,278 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 6,311 100.0 Managerial and professional specialty ................... Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... Professional specialty .......................................... Engineers ........................................................... Mathematical and computer scientists ............... Health diagnosing occupations ........................... Health assessment and treating occupations ..... Teachers, except college and university ............ 32.2 15.7 16.5 1.5 1.3 1.0 2.6 4.0 33.3 15.9 17.4 1.8 1.5 1.0 2.9 3.5 31.7 15.6 16.1 1.4 1.2 1.0 2.4 4.1 27.9 13.7 14.2 1.6 .9 .7 2.3 3.5 Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... Technicians and related support .......................... Health technologists and technicians ................. Engineering and science technicians ................. Sales occupations ................................................ Supervisors and proprietors ............................... Sales representatives, finance and business services ............................................................ Sales representatives, commodities, except retail .................................................................. Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... Administrative support, including clerical .............. Computer equipment operators .......................... Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. Financial records processing .............................. Mail and message distributing ............................ 30.1 3.2 1.3 .9 12.3 3.6 29.4 3.2 1.2 1.0 11.9 3.2 30.4 3.2 1.4 .8 12.5 3.8 2.4 2.4 1.3 5.0 14.7 .4 3.4 1.7 .7 Service occupations ............................................... Private household ................................................. Protective service ................................................. Service, except private household and protective Food service ....................................................... Health service ..................................................... Cleaning and building service ............................. Personal service ................................................. Precision production, craft, and repair .................... Mechanics and repairers ...................................... White See footnotes at end of table. 14,965 28,509 19,399 100.0 100.0 100.0 9,107 35,851 18,127 100.0 100.0 100.0 6,092 11,630 24,196 100.0 100.0 100.0 7,468 16,719 100.0 100.0 28.1 13.9 14.3 1.8 .9 .8 2.4 3.4 27.4 13.4 14.0 1.2 .9 .6 2.3 3.7 30.3 15.2 15.1 1.6 1.2 .8 2.3 4.2 32.1 16.3 15.8 1.7 1.5 .8 2.3 4.1 28.6 14.3 14.4 1.4 .7 .8 2.5 4.1 28.3 13.9 14.4 1.6 .9 .7 2.1 4.4 30.7 15.4 15.3 1.7 1.2 .8 1.9 3.6 29.2 14.7 14.5 1.7 1.1 .7 2.0 3.4 31.4 15.8 15.6 1.7 1.2 .8 1.8 3.6 29.2 3.3 1.4 1.0 12.0 3.6 29.3 3.3 1.4 1.0 12.0 3.5 29.1 3.3 1.5 1.0 12.1 3.8 30.1 3.4 1.3 1.0 12.9 4.1 30.7 3.4 1.2 1.0 13.4 4.1 29.2 3.2 1.5 .8 12.8 4.3 29.6 3.3 1.2 1.1 12.2 3.9 29.3 3.1 1.0 1.0 12.6 3.8 30.6 3.5 1.0 1.3 12.8 3.7 28.7 3.0 1.0 .9 12.5 3.8 2.3 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.5 1.6 1.9 2.3 2.2 2.3 1.3 5.0 14.4 .4 2.9 1.8 .7 1.4 5.0 14.8 .4 3.6 1.7 .7 1.3 5.2 13.9 .3 3.1 1.7 .6 1.4 5.1 14.0 .2 3.2 1.6 .7 1.1 5.3 13.6 .3 3.0 1.8 .6 1.3 5.3 13.8 .3 2.9 1.9 .6 1.3 5.5 13.9 .3 2.9 1.8 .6 1.4 5.3 13.2 .4 3.1 1.9 .7 1.3 5.0 14.1 .3 2.8 2.0 .7 1.3 5.2 13.6 .2 2.3 1.8 .6 1.2 5.7 14.3 .2 2.6 1.9 .6 1.3 5.0 13.2 .2 2.2 1.8 .5 13.2 .5 2.0 10.6 4.5 1.8 2.3 2.1 12.8 .4 1.7 10.7 4.5 2.0 2.2 2.1 13.3 .6 2.2 10.6 4.5 1.7 2.3 2.1 12.4 .4 1.4 10.6 4.7 1.6 2.1 2.2 12.2 .4 1.5 10.3 4.7 1.5 2.1 2.0 12.8 .4 1.1 11.3 4.8 1.8 2.1 2.6 11.4 .6 1.7 9.2 4.0 1.3 1.9 2.0 11.3 .5 1.7 9.0 4.3 1.1 1.7 2.0 10.2 .5 1.3 8.4 3.6 1.4 1.6 1.8 12.2 .7 1.8 9.8 3.9 1.4 2.2 2.2 13.1 .9 1.6 10.7 4.9 1.3 2.3 2.2 13.9 .6 1.7 11.7 5.4 1.4 2.4 2.5 12.7 1.0 1.5 10.2 4.7 1.2 2.2 2.1 10.4 3.3 10.8 3.1 10.2 3.4 11.5 3.7 11.6 3.6 11.3 3.8 12.3 4.3 12.0 4.4 12.4 4.0 12.6 4.4 10.7 3.5 11.5 3.6 10.3 3.5 Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Northeast Population group and occupation Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain White–Continued Construction trades .............................................. 3.9 4.2 3.7 4.1 4.0 4.4 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.4 5.0 4.1 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. Transportation and material moving occupations Motor vehicle operators ...................................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ............................................................. Construction laborers ......................................... 12.6 5.5 3.7 3.0 12.0 5.7 3.2 2.5 12.8 5.4 3.9 3.2 15.6 7.3 4.2 3.1 16.6 8.2 4.2 3.1 13.4 5.4 4.2 3.1 13.1 5.3 4.3 3.2 11.6 4.7 3.7 2.9 16.4 7.4 5.1 3.6 13.6 5.2 4.7 3.4 12.4 4.9 3.8 2.9 11.2 3.7 3.9 2.9 13.0 5.4 3.8 2.9 3.4 .5 3.2 .6 3.5 .4 4.1 .6 4.2 .6 3.9 .7 3.5 .6 3.3 .6 3.9 .6 3.8 .6 3.7 .7 3.5 .8 3.8 .7 Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. Farm operators and managers ............................. 1.6 .4 1.7 .4 1.6 .4 3.4 2.0 2.2 1.0 5.9 4.1 2.9 1.1 2.3 .8 3.1 1.4 3.7 1.6 3.8 .9 3.6 1.3 3.9 .7 Total (in thousands) ................................................ 2,492 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 355 100.0 2,138 100.0 2,436 100.0 2,008 100.0 430 100.0 7,865 100.0 4,603 100.0 1,472 100.0 1,790 100.0 1,174 100.0 214 100.0 961 100.0 Managerial and professional specialty ................... Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... Professional specialty .......................................... Engineers ........................................................... Mathematical and computer scientists ............... Health diagnosing occupations ........................... Health assessment and treating occupations ..... Teachers, except college and university ............ 21.5 9.3 12.2 .5 .8 .4 2.4 3.2 22.1 10.2 11.9 .8 .8 1.0 1.5 3.7 21.4 9.2 12.2 .5 .7 .3 2.6 3.1 21.0 9.6 11.4 .7 1.1 .2 1.9 2.8 20.1 9.3 10.8 .6 .9 .2 1.9 2.7 25.2 11.1 14.1 1.2 2.1 .2 1.7 3.0 17.7 8.1 9.6 .5 .7 .2 1.5 3.6 18.1 8.4 9.7 .5 .7 .3 1.5 3.4 15.7 7.3 8.4 .4 .7 .1 1.1 3.5 18.3 8.0 10.3 .5 .9 .1 1.7 4.2 27.5 13.8 13.6 1.0 .7 .4 1.6 4.5 19.7 10.8 8.9 .2 .8 ( 1) .9 2.6 29.2 14.5 14.7 1.1 .7 .5 1.8 5.0 Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... Technicians and related support .......................... Health technologists and technicians ................. Engineering and science technicians ................. Sales occupations ................................................ Supervisors and proprietors ............................... Sales representatives, finance and business services ............................................................ Sales representatives, commodities, except retail .................................................................. Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... Administrative support, including clerical .............. Computer equipment operators .......................... Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. Financial records processing .............................. Mail and message distributing ............................ 31.4 3.2 1.9 .6 8.5 1.5 32.3 4.4 2.9 .7 8.0 1.4 31.2 3.0 1.7 .6 8.5 1.5 29.5 2.7 1.4 .7 9.6 1.8 29.0 2.8 1.5 .6 9.6 1.7 31.7 2.1 .7 1.1 9.9 2.0 27.1 2.9 1.6 .7 8.9 1.6 27.3 2.9 1.4 .7 8.5 1.4 24.8 3.2 1.9 .8 8.9 1.5 28.7 2.9 1.9 .6 9.8 1.8 33.9 2.7 1.2 .7 10.8 1.8 31.9 2.4 1.1 .6 10.4 1.8 34.3 2.8 1.3 .8 10.9 1.8 1.5 .9 1.6 1.5 1.4 2.0 1.0 1.1 .6 1.2 2.0 2.2 1.9 .4 5.1 19.7 .6 3.6 1.4 1.6 .6 5.1 19.9 .5 3.4 1.2 1.2 .4 5.1 19.7 .6 3.6 1.5 1.6 .3 6.0 17.2 .3 2.3 1.2 1.7 .3 6.1 16.6 .2 2.5 1.3 1.3 .4 5.5 19.6 .6 1.2 1.0 3.5 .3 6.0 15.3 .4 2.4 1.0 1.2 .2 5.7 15.9 .5 2.7 1.1 1.4 .2 6.5 12.7 .3 1.5 .8 .8 .3 6.3 15.9 .3 2.3 1.0 1.3 .7 6.4 20.3 .4 2.8 1.0 2.1 .7 5.7 19.1 .3 3.0 .3 1.2 .6 6.6 20.6 .4 2.7 1.1 2.3 Service occupations ............................................... Private household ................................................. Protective service ................................................. Service, except private household and protective Food service ....................................................... Health service ..................................................... Cleaning and building service ............................. Personal service ................................................. 25.7 1.1 4.3 20.4 3.6 8.8 4.8 3.1 23.5 .9 2.8 19.8 4.3 8.7 4.2 2.7 26.1 1.1 4.5 20.5 3.5 8.8 4.9 3.2 22.2 .6 3.2 18.5 4.7 5.1 5.3 3.4 22.1 .6 3.1 18.3 4.5 5.0 5.3 3.5 22.7 .3 3.3 19.1 5.8 5.3 5.2 2.7 21.5 1.1 2.6 17.8 5.7 4.5 4.9 2.7 20.7 1.1 2.6 17.0 5.5 4.1 5.2 2.2 20.4 .6 2.7 17.0 6.2 3.4 4.2 3.3 24.4 1.3 2.5 20.7 5.8 6.7 4.8 3.4 18.5 .3 3.5 14.7 4.0 4.5 2.7 3.4 25.1 .4 4.1 20.6 7.2 4.4 3.6 5.3 17.0 .3 3.3 13.3 3.3 4.6 2.5 3.0 Precision production, craft, and repair .................... Mechanics and repairers ...................................... Construction trades .............................................. 6.7 2.6 2.1 6.8 2.6 1.9 6.7 2.6 2.1 7.3 2.3 2.1 7.9 2.4 2.3 4.8 1.9 1.0 9.0 2.7 3.2 9.2 2.9 3.6 9.2 2.1 2.6 8.2 2.6 2.5 7.9 3.5 2.3 6.7 3.9 1.4 8.2 3.4 2.5 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. Transportation and material moving occupations Motor vehicle operators ...................................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ............................................................. Construction laborers ......................................... 14.2 5.3 4.5 4.2 14.3 7.4 2.8 2.6 14.2 5.0 4.8 4.4 19.5 9.7 5.1 3.9 20.5 10.3 5.4 4.2 15.0 6.9 3.6 2.9 23.1 10.0 6.7 4.8 22.9 9.7 6.7 4.9 28.6 14.4 6.6 4.4 19.2 7.2 6.8 5.2 11.5 1.9 4.7 4.0 16.3 4.1 5.5 4.8 10.4 1.4 4.5 3.8 4.3 .8 4.2 .1 4.4 .9 4.7 .6 4.8 .6 4.5 .9 6.4 .8 6.5 .9 7.6 .8 5.2 .8 4.9 .5 6.6 1.1 4.5 .4 Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. Farm operators and managers ............................. .5 ( 1) .9 ( 1) .4 ( 1) .5 ( 1) .5 ( 1) .6 ( 1) 1.6 .2 1.7 .2 1.4 .1 1.3 .2 .7 .2 .3 .1 .8 .3 Black See footnotes at end of table. Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Northeast Population group and occupation Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain Hispanic origin Total (in thousands) ................................................ 1,827 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 252 100.0 1,575 100.0 1,021 100.0 814 100.0 207 100.0 4,317 100.0 1,602 100.0 86 100.0 2,626 100.0 5,550 100.0 1,301 100.0 4,252 100.0 Managerial and professional specialty ................... Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... Professional specialty .......................................... Engineers ........................................................... Mathematical and computer scientists ............... Health diagnosing occupations ........................... Health assessment and treating occupations ..... Teachers, except college and university ............ 14.2 7.2 7.0 .3 .4 .4 .8 1.5 12.2 5.4 6.8 .3 .2 .7 .5 1.8 14.5 7.5 7.0 .3 .5 .4 .9 1.5 15.5 8.4 7.1 .7 .8 .6 .8 1.6 15.7 8.5 7.2 .7 .9 .7 .7 1.7 15.0 8.1 6.9 .6 .1 .4 1.2 1.2 16.7 8.8 7.9 .8 .3 .5 .9 2.6 20.4 11.3 9.1 1.0 .7 .8 .7 2.2 20.7 10.3 10.4 .2 ( 1) 4.4 2.0 2.2 14.3 7.2 7.1 .7 .1 .2 1.0 2.9 13.1 7.3 5.8 .5 .3 .1 .6 1.8 13.5 7.3 6.2 .5 .4 .3 1.1 1.7 13.0 7.3 5.7 .5 .3 ( 1) .4 1.9 Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... Technicians and related support .......................... Health technologists and technicians ................. Engineering and science technicians ................. Sales occupations ................................................ Supervisors and proprietors ............................... Sales representatives, finance and business services ............................................................ Sales representatives, commodities, except retail .................................................................. Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... Administrative support, including clerical .............. Computer equipment operators .......................... Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. Financial records processing .............................. Mail and message distributing ............................ 25.2 1.8 1.1 .4 8.8 2.3 20.4 1.8 1.0 .3 6.3 .3 25.9 1.8 1.1 .4 9.2 2.6 20.9 2.5 .7 1.1 7.6 2.1 21.7 2.6 .8 1.0 7.8 2.3 18.0 2.2 .2 1.4 6.5 1.5 24.6 2.1 .9 .7 10.1 2.8 27.0 2.6 1.2 .7 11.9 3.1 20.6 .4 .4 ( 1) 10.2 .5 23.2 1.8 .7 .7 9.1 2.7 23.2 1.9 .8 .7 9.4 2.3 25.6 2.6 .8 .9 10.0 2.8 22.4 1.7 .8 .7 9.2 2.2 .8 .7 .8 .5 .6 .1 1.0 1.5 1.4 .6 1.0 .9 1.0 .5 5.2 14.6 .3 3.2 1.0 1.2 .5 4.8 12.3 .5 2.1 .2 ( 1) .5 5.2 15.0 .2 3.4 1.1 1.4 .4 4.5 10.8 .1 1.7 .6 1.2 .3 4.6 11.2 .2 1.7 .7 1.2 .7 4.1 9.3 ( 1) 1.5 ( 1) 1.1 .6 5.7 12.4 .2 2.0 1.2 .5 .6 6.6 12.5 .1 2.7 1.1 .5 3.6 4.7 10.0 1.2 1.5 .7 1.4 .6 5.1 12.4 .2 1.7 1.4 .5 .6 5.5 11.9 .2 1.6 1.1 .6 .5 5.7 13.1 .3 2.8 1.1 .7 .6 5.4 11.5 .2 1.3 1.1 .6 Service occupations ............................................... Private household ................................................. Protective service ................................................. Service, except private household and protective Food service ....................................................... Health service ..................................................... Cleaning and building service ............................. Personal service ................................................. 24.1 1.4 2.4 20.3 8.1 3.2 6.3 2.7 26.4 1.0 1.4 24.0 6.9 4.8 7.3 5.1 23.8 1.5 2.6 19.7 8.2 2.9 6.1 2.4 18.4 .4 1.1 16.9 9.9 1.1 4.3 1.6 16.3 .4 1.4 14.5 8.6 1.1 3.6 1.2 26.6 .3 ( 1) 26.3 14.7 1.1 7.4 3.1 19.5 1.7 1.6 16.1 7.2 1.7 5.1 2.2 19.3 2.2 1.4 15.6 7.2 1.1 5.1 2.3 23.3 1.8 1.1 20.3 12.6 .4 3.9 3.4 19.5 1.4 1.7 16.3 7.0 2.1 5.1 2.1 19.6 2.0 1.4 16.3 7.6 1.5 5.1 2.1 21.6 .8 1.6 19.3 9.1 1.9 5.6 2.7 19.0 2.3 1.3 15.4 7.2 1.4 4.9 1.8 Precision production, craft, and repair .................... Mechanics and repairers ...................................... Construction trades .............................................. 10.1 3.2 3.0 11.5 3.2 2.5 9.8 3.2 3.1 13.5 2.7 5.3 13.4 3.0 5.1 14.0 1.8 6.1 15.5 4.3 7.6 12.8 4.1 6.3 12.3 4.0 4.8 17.3 4.5 8.4 13.0 3.7 5.4 15.1 3.4 7.5 12.3 3.8 4.8 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. Transportation and material moving occupations Motor vehicle operators ...................................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ............................................................. Construction laborers ......................................... 24.9 13.4 5.0 4.3 28.8 18.5 3.5 2.4 24.3 12.6 5.3 4.6 29.8 18.8 3.2 2.0 31.3 19.8 3.6 2.2 23.6 15.0 1.9 1.2 19.0 7.7 5.0 3.7 16.7 6.7 4.3 3.6 15.4 4.6 2.0 .3 20.5 8.4 5.5 3.9 22.7 11.8 4.5 3.4 18.0 7.3 4.2 2.9 24.1 13.2 4.6 3.5 6.5 .9 6.8 .6 6.5 .9 7.8 1.8 8.0 2.1 6.8 .8 6.3 1.3 5.7 1.5 8.8 .8 6.6 1.2 6.3 1.4 6.5 1.7 6.2 1.3 Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. Farm operators and managers ............................. 1.5 .1 .8 ( 1) 1.6 .1 1.8 .1 1.6 ( 1) 2.8 .3 4.7 .3 3.8 .3 7.6 1.1 5.1 .3 8.5 .3 6.2 .4 9.2 .3 1 Less than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent. NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Table 5. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force for private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry, 1997 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Northeast Employment status and industry Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain 6,080 10,793 21,690 6,148 15,540 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Total ................................................................... 20,294 Mining ..................................................................... 35 5,644 ( 2) 14,649 25,644 18,242 ( 2) 94 ( 2) 7,403 35,418 18,545 ( 2) 363 ( 2) 55 258 150 99 51 Construction ........................................................... 1,109 310 799 1,555 1,073 482 2,711 1,464 414 832 1,579 538 1,040 Manufacturing ......................................................... 4,003 Durable goods ...................................................... 2,223 Lumber and wood products ................................ 87 Furniture and fixtures .......................................... 91 Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... 120 Primary metal industries ..................................... 137 Fabricated metal products .................................. 251 Machinery and computing equipment ................. 465 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .. 409 Transportation equipment ................................... 248 Motor vehicles .................................................. 91 Professional and photographic equipment, and watches, etc. ..................................................... 236 Nondurable goods ................................................ 1,780 Food and kindred products ................................. 240 Textile mill products ............................................ 115 Apparel and other textile products ...................... 262 Paper and allied products ................................... 142 Printing and publishing ....................................... 463 Chemicals and allied products ............................ 354 1,212 789 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 92 188 165 99 ( 2) 2,791 1,434 62 68 97 109 159 276 244 149 75 6,278 4,174 150 226 178 350 506 959 434 1,014 850 4,836 3,310 103 176 135 314 401 728 327 872 775 1,444 865 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 105 232 107 143 75 6,876 3,599 368 250 223 196 363 676 621 588 307 3,414 1,716 151 139 112 80 152 297 331 270 140 1,531 852 130 81 ( 2) 62 85 133 108 170 118 1,932 1,032 87 ( 2) 73 55 126 246 182 149 50 4,060 2,574 189 94 99 80 213 492 510 523 94 866 565 42 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 47 122 109 91 ( 2) 3,197 2,011 147 68 69 65 166 370 401 433 68 81 423 43 36 ( 2) 59 127 53 155 1,357 197 79 228 82 335 301 161 2,104 505 ( 2) 85 212 484 365 109 1,526 320 ( 2) 58 173 335 286 ( 2) 578 184 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 149 79 145 3,277 645 483 419 246 496 488 91 1,698 274 411 176 129 259 231 ( 2) 679 149 53 147 52 94 75 ( 2) 900 222 ( 2) 97 65 144 181 210 1,486 414 38 242 102 352 178 44 302 111 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 86 ( 2) 166 1,186 302 ( 2) 222 86 267 152 Transportation, communications, and public utilities ............................................................... 1,419 Transportation ...................................................... 856 Communications and other public utilities ............ 563 341 195 147 1,078 661 417 1,689 1,078 611 1,153 744 409 536 334 202 2,771 1,707 1,064 1,435 852 583 449 296 154 886 559 327 1,528 936 592 431 252 179 1,097 684 413 Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... 4,893 Wholesale trade .................................................... 900 Retail trade ........................................................... 3,992 1,299 213 1,086 3,593 687 2,906 6,564 1,202 5,362 4,535 809 3,726 2,028 393 1,635 9,307 1,621 7,686 4,854 806 4,048 1,597 289 1,308 2,855 526 2,330 5,756 1,070 4,686 1,698 278 1,421 4,056 792 3,264 Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 1,803 483 1,320 1,810 1,233 576 2,477 1,439 348 691 1,579 463 1,115 Services, excluding private households ................. 7,032 Professional services ............................................ 4,713 Educational services ........................................... 721 Health services, including hospitals .................... 2,351 1,996 1,376 229 678 5,035 3,337 492 1,672 7,656 4,985 657 2,627 5,360 3,470 422 1,834 2,296 10,914 1,515 6,538 235 752 793 3,369 5,889 3,440 390 1,707 1,686 1,114 131 620 3,339 1,983 230 1,043 7,037 3,744 416 1,786 2,053 1,058 92 516 4,983 2,686 324 1,270 253 833 1,057 779 860 342 578 1,207 276 931 4 8 5 3 1 UNEMPLOYED Total ................................................................... 1,086 Mining ..................................................................... 2 Construction ........................................................... 131 Manufacturing ......................................................... Durable goods ...................................................... Lumber and wood products ................................ Furniture and fixtures .......................................... Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... Primary metal industries ..................................... Fabricated metal products .................................. Machinery and computing equipment ................. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .. Transportation equipment ................................... Motor vehicles .................................................. Professional and photographic equipment, and watches, etc. ..................................................... Nondurable goods ................................................ 177 80 5 6 6 5 8 15 12 8 4 See footnotes at end of table. 4 96 ( 2) ( ( ( ( ( 2) 3 ( 2) 33 98 132 100 41 24 136 57 4 5 5 5 6 10 7 6 4 210 133 9 9 6 15 13 19 15 37 32 165 107 7 7 3 13 12 15 13 31 28 2 79 3 77 2 58 2) 2) 2) 2) ( 2) 2 5 4 2 2 17 278 ( 2) 1,780 15 ( 2) 32 212 99 43 71 148 35 113 45 26 2 4 3 6 4 306 141 20 12 11 6 10 26 19 22 11 135 61 7 7 7 2 2 13 8 8 3 87 45 10 3 2 2 2 8 6 8 5 85 34 3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 1 5 6 5 5 3 192 90 13 4 3 4 10 16 12 11 3 33 19 4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) ( 2) 2 4 3 2 ( 2) 159 71 9 2 3 3 8 12 10 10 3 ( 2) 19 5 165 3 73 ( 2) 41 ( 2) 51 8 101 1 14 7 88 ( ( ( ( 2) 2) 2) 2) Table 5. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force for private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Northeast Employment status and industry Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain UNEMPLOYED–Continued Food and kindred products ................................. Textile mill products ............................................ Apparel and other textile products ...................... Paper and allied products ................................... Printing and publishing ....................................... Chemicals and allied products ............................ 17 8 25 6 21 10 1 4 2 14 5 23 5 18 8 23 ( 2) 7 7 17 7 17 ( 2) 6 7 13 5 Transportation, communications, and public utilities ............................................................... Transportation ...................................................... Communications and other public utilities ............ 4 2 47 18 40 7 18 14 16 15 14 2 7 6 11 3 16 1 4 3 21 ( 2) 10 4 7 5 45 2 20 3 13 8 58 44 14 13 9 4 45 35 10 49 33 15 31 21 10 18 13 5 89 66 22 43 33 10 15 13 2 31 21 10 64 50 14 14 9 5 50 41 9 Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... Wholesale trade .................................................... Retail trade ........................................................... 312 37 275 77 9 68 236 29 207 329 38 291 236 30 206 93 9 85 604 48 556 294 24 270 108 10 98 202 13 189 400 53 347 99 12 87 300 41 259 Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 70 17 54 40 30 10 68 38 8 22 51 14 37 Services, excluding private households ................. Professional services ............................................ Educational services ........................................... Health services, including hospitals .................... 336 156 24 76 72 35 5 19 264 121 19 57 295 113 16 53 216 82 10 39 79 32 6 14 486 202 23 101 249 113 13 56 78 29 3 14 159 59 7 32 348 117 13 50 78 26 3 11 270 91 10 38 5.3 4.5 5.7 4.1 4.3 3.8 5.0 4.6 5.6 5.3 5.6 4.4 6.0 6.5 3.2 3.3 3.4 2.9 ( 2) 3 2 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 6 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 6 2 39 ( 2) 18 3 11 6 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE Total ................................................................... Mining ..................................................................... 4.4 ( 2) Construction ........................................................... 11.8 10.6 12.2 8.5 9.4 6.6 7.8 6.8 10.3 8.5 9.3 6.4 10.9 Manufacturing ......................................................... Durable goods ...................................................... Lumber and wood products ................................ Furniture and fixtures .......................................... Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... Primary metal industries ..................................... Fabricated metal products .................................. Machinery and computing equipment ................. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .. Transportation equipment ................................... Motor vehicles .................................................. Professional and photographic equipment, and watches, etc. ..................................................... Nondurable goods ................................................ Food and kindred products ................................. Textile mill products ............................................ Apparel and other textile products ...................... Paper and allied products ................................... Printing and publishing ....................................... Chemicals and allied products ............................ 4.4 3.6 5.2 6.3 4.8 3.9 3.3 3.3 2.8 3.0 4.0 3.4 3.0 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 2.0 2.7 2.7 1.7 ( 2) 4.9 4.0 5.7 6.8 5.0 4.1 4.0 3.7 2.9 3.9 4.7 3.4 3.2 6.2 4.1 3.3 4.2 2.7 2.0 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.4 3.3 6.5 4.1 2.3 4.2 3.0 2.1 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.1 3.0 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 1.5 1.7 2.4 4.2 5.8 4.4 3.9 5.5 4.8 5.1 2.8 2.7 3.9 3.0 3.7 3.5 3.9 3.6 4.7 4.7 6.2 2.8 1.5 4.2 2.5 2.9 2.1 5.7 5.3 7.5 4.2 ( 2) 3.6 2.6 5.7 5.4 5.0 4.1 4.4 3.3 3.9 ( 2) 3.3 2.1 4.3 2.5 2.7 3.5 6.2 4.7 3.5 6.9 4.0 3.1 4.8 4.7 3.2 2.4 2.1 3.2 3.8 3.4 9.2 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 3.3 3.1 2.5 1.6 ( 2) 5.0 3.5 6.3 3.3 3.8 4.9 5.1 3.2 2.4 2.3 4.0 1.8 5.4 7.2 6.6 9.4 4.0 4.6 2.8 2.2 4.0 6.9 6.4 ( 2) 1.1 2.8 3.5 1.5 5.8 7.3 6.7 9.9 6.2 5.3 2.6 1.6 3.7 4.5 ( 2) 8.8 3.3 3.4 1.9 2.2 3.8 5.2 ( 2) 10.5 3.8 3.8 1.7 ( 2) 3.3 3.2 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 2.7 2.4 3.2 5.0 7.3 3.8 9.5 2.7 3.6 2.8 3.7 4.3 5.7 3.6 8.3 1.6 2.7 2.4 ( 2) 6.1 7.1 6.5 10.6 1.1 3.9 4.2 ( 2) 5.6 9.4 ( 2) 10.0 6.1 4.8 2.7 3.8 6.8 11.0 5.5 8.3 3.3 3.6 4.4 1.6 4.6 5.5 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 1.8 ( 2) 4.4 7.4 13.0 ( 2) 8.2 3.7 4.3 3.7 Transportation, communications, and public utilities ............................................................... Transportation ...................................................... Communications and other public utilities ............ 4.1 5.2 2.5 3.9 4.8 2.8 4.2 5.3 2.4 2.9 3.1 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.5 3.3 3.7 2.6 3.2 3.9 2.1 3.0 3.8 1.8 3.2 4.3 1.3 3.5 3.8 3.1 4.2 5.3 2.4 3.3 3.5 3.0 4.6 6.0 2.2 Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... Wholesale trade .................................................... Retail trade ........................................................... 6.4 4.1 6.9 5.9 4.0 6.3 6.6 4.2 7.1 5.0 3.2 5.4 5.2 3.7 5.5 4.6 2.2 5.2 6.5 2.9 7.2 6.1 3.0 6.7 6.8 3.6 7.5 7.1 2.5 8.1 6.9 4.9 7.4 5.8 4.2 6.1 7.4 5.2 8.0 Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 3.9 3.5 4.1 2.2 2.4 1.8 2.7 2.6 2.4 3.2 3.2 2.9 3.4 Services, excluding private households ................. 4.8 3.6 5.2 3.9 4.0 3.4 4.5 4.2 4.6 4.7 4.9 3.8 5.4 See footnotes at end of table. ( 2) 2.8 ( 2) ( 2) 4.2 ( 2) Table 5. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force for private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Northeast Employment status and industry Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain UNEMPLOYMENT RATE–Continued Professional services ............................................ Educational services ........................................... Health services, including hospitals .................... 3.3 3.3 3.2 2.5 2.0 2.8 3.6 3.9 3.4 1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience. 2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. 2.3 2.4 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.4 1.8 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.3 2.6 2.5 2.3 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 2.8 2.5 3.1 2.2 3.4 3.2 3.0 NOTE: Totals for the summary groups published include other industries, not shown separately. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates because of rounding. Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages Northeast Population group and area Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain TOTAL Total (in thousands) ........................................... 19,208 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 5,391 100.0 13,816 24,587 17,463 100.0 100.0 100.0 7,125 33,638 17,685 100.0 100.0 100.0 5,738 10,215 20,483 100.0 100.0 100.0 5,872 14,608 100.0 100.0 Mining ..................................................................... .2 .1 .2 .4 .3 .6 1.0 .3 .9 2.4 .7 1.6 .3 Construction ........................................................... 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.8 5.6 6.3 7.4 7.7 6.5 7.5 7.0 8.6 6.3 Manufacturing ......................................................... Durable goods ...................................................... Lumber and wood products ................................ Furniture and fixtures .......................................... Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... Primary metal industries ..................................... Fabricated metal products .................................. Machinery and computing equipment ................. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .. Transportation equipment ................................... Motor vehicles .................................................. Professional and photographic equipment, and watches, etc. ..................................................... Nondurable goods ................................................ Food and kindred products ................................. Textile mill products ............................................ Apparel and other textile products ...................... Paper and allied products ................................... Printing and publishing ....................................... Chemicals and allied products ............................ 19.9 11.2 .4 .4 .6 .7 1.3 2.3 2.1 1.3 .5 21.7 14.2 .4 .4 .4 .5 1.7 3.4 3.0 1.8 .3 19.2 10.0 .4 .5 .7 .8 1.1 1.9 1.7 1.0 .5 24.7 16.4 .6 .9 .7 1.4 2.0 3.8 1.7 4.0 3.3 26.7 18.3 .6 1.0 .8 1.7 2.2 4.1 1.8 4.8 4.3 19.6 11.8 .6 .7 .6 .5 1.5 3.2 1.5 1.9 1.0 19.5 10.3 1.0 .7 .6 .6 1.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 .9 18.5 9.4 .8 .7 .6 .4 .8 1.6 1.8 1.5 .8 25.2 14.1 2.1 1.3 .6 1.0 1.4 2.2 1.8 2.8 2.0 18.1 9.8 .8 .3 .7 .5 1.2 2.3 1.7 1.4 .5 18.9 12.1 .9 .4 .5 .4 1.0 2.3 2.4 2.5 .4 14.2 9.3 .7 .4 .5 .2 .8 2.0 1.8 1.5 .5 20.8 13.3 .9 .5 .5 .4 1.1 2.5 2.7 2.9 .4 1.2 8.8 1.2 .6 1.2 .7 2.3 1.8 1.5 7.5 .7 .6 .6 1.1 2.3 .9 1.1 9.2 1.3 .5 1.5 .6 2.3 2.1 .6 8.2 2.0 .1 .3 .8 1.9 1.5 .6 8.4 1.7 ( 1) .3 1.0 1.8 1.6 .7 7.9 2.5 .1 .4 .5 2.0 1.1 .4 9.3 1.8 1.4 1.1 .7 1.4 1.4 .5 9.2 1.5 2.2 .9 .7 1.4 1.3 .3 11.1 2.4 .9 2.3 .9 1.6 1.3 .3 8.3 2.0 .2 .9 .6 1.3 1.7 1.0 6.8 1.8 .2 1.1 .5 1.7 .8 .7 4.9 1.8 ( 1) .3 .3 1.4 .4 1.1 7.5 1.8 .2 1.4 .6 1.7 1.0 Transportation, communications, and public utilities ............................................................... Transportation ...................................................... Communications and other public utilities ............ 7.1 4.2 2.9 6.1 3.4 2.6 7.5 4.5 2.9 6.7 4.2 2.4 6.4 4.1 2.3 7.3 4.5 2.8 8.0 4.9 3.1 7.9 4.6 3.2 7.6 4.9 2.6 8.4 5.3 3.1 7.1 4.3 2.8 7.1 4.1 3.0 7.2 4.4 2.8 Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... Wholesale trade .................................................... Retail trade ........................................................... 23.8 4.5 19.4 22.7 3.8 18.9 24.3 4.8 19.5 25.4 4.7 20.6 24.6 4.5 20.2 27.2 5.4 21.8 25.9 4.7 21.2 25.8 4.4 21.4 26.0 4.9 21.1 26.0 5.0 21.0 26.2 5.0 21.2 27.2 4.5 22.7 25.7 5.1 20.6 Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 9.0 8.6 9.2 7.2 6.9 7.9 7.2 7.9 5.9 6.5 7.5 7.7 7.4 Services, excluding private households ................. Professional services ............................................ Educational services ........................................... Health services, including hospitals .................... 34.9 23.7 3.6 11.8 35.7 24.9 4.2 12.2 34.5 23.3 3.4 11.7 29.9 19.8 2.6 10.5 29.5 19.4 2.4 10.3 31.1 20.8 3.2 10.9 31.0 18.8 2.2 9.7 31.9 18.8 2.1 9.3 28.0 18.9 2.2 10.6 31.1 18.8 2.2 9.9 32.7 17.7 2.0 8.5 33.6 17.6 1.5 8.6 32.3 17.8 2.1 8.4 2,815 100.0 7,438 13,233 100.0 100.0 9,483 100.0 3,750 18,446 100.0 100.0 9,642 100.0 3,095 100.0 5,709 11,555 100.0 100.0 3,284 100.0 8,271 100.0 Men Total (in thousands) ........................................... 10,253 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 Mining ..................................................................... .3 .1 .3 .6 .5 1.0 1.6 .4 1.6 3.6 1.0 2.5 .5 Construction ........................................................... 8.7 8.9 8.7 9.7 9.1 11.1 12.3 12.8 10.6 12.2 11.0 13.5 10.0 Manufacturing ......................................................... Durable goods ...................................................... Lumber and wood products ................................ Furniture and fixtures .......................................... Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... Primary metal industries ..................................... Fabricated metal products .................................. Machinery and computing equipment ................. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .. Transportation equipment ................................... Motor vehicles .................................................. Professional and photographic equipment, and watches, etc. ..................................................... Nondurable goods ................................................ 24.8 15.0 .7 .7 .8 1.0 1.8 3.4 2.5 1.9 .7 28.1 18.8 .7 .6 .6 .7 2.3 4.7 3.5 2.8 .4 23.5 13.5 .7 .7 .9 1.1 1.6 2.9 2.1 1.5 .8 32.2 22.6 .8 1.2 .9 2.2 2.8 5.6 1.9 5.6 4.6 34.7 25.2 .8 1.3 1.0 2.8 3.1 6.0 2.0 6.7 5.9 25.9 16.3 .9 .9 .9 .9 2.1 4.5 1.6 2.9 1.4 23.7 13.6 1.6 .9 .9 .9 1.4 2.7 1.9 2.3 1.2 22.2 12.3 1.3 1.0 .9 .6 1.1 2.2 1.9 2.2 1.1 30.3 19.1 3.3 1.6 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0 2.0 3.8 2.6 22.6 12.8 1.2 .4 1.0 .9 1.6 3.2 2.0 1.9 .6 23.0 15.7 1.3 .6 .6 .5 1.5 3.1 2.7 3.4 .6 17.6 12.0 1.0 .6 .7 .3 1.2 2.5 2.1 2.2 .6 25.1 17.2 1.4 .6 .6 .6 1.6 3.3 3.0 3.9 .6 1.4 9.8 1.7 9.4 1.2 10.0 .7 9.6 .6 9.6 .8 9.6 .5 10.1 .5 9.9 .4 11.2 .3 9.7 1.0 7.3 .7 5.6 1.2 7.9 See footnotes at end of table. Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Northeast Population group and area Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain Men–Continued Food and kindred products ................................. Textile mill products ............................................ Apparel and other textile products ...................... Paper and allied products ................................... Printing and publishing ....................................... Chemicals and allied products ............................ 1.5 .6 .7 1.1 2.6 2.1 1.0 .7 .3 1.7 2.8 1.2 1.7 .6 .9 .8 2.5 2.4 2.5 .1 .2 1.1 2.0 1.7 2.2 ( 1) .2 1.2 1.9 1.8 3.2 .1 .2 .8 2.1 1.6 2.1 1.5 .5 1.0 1.5 1.7 1.7 2.4 .5 1.0 1.5 1.4 2.6 .8 .8 1.3 1.7 1.5 2.3 .2 .4 .9 1.4 2.4 2.2 .2 .7 .7 1.8 .9 2.3 .1 .2 .4 1.5 .5 2.2 .2 .9 .8 1.9 1.1 Transportation, communications, and public utilities ............................................................... Transportation ...................................................... Communications and other public utilities ............ 9.4 5.8 3.6 8.0 4.8 3.2 9.9 6.2 3.8 8.9 5.9 3.0 8.5 5.8 2.8 9.8 6.3 3.4 10.4 6.8 3.6 10.1 6.4 3.7 10.8 7.2 3.5 10.7 7.4 3.4 8.7 5.6 3.2 8.6 5.2 3.4 8.8 5.7 3.1 Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... Wholesale trade .................................................... Retail trade ........................................................... 24.2 5.7 18.5 22.7 5.0 17.7 24.7 5.9 18.8 23.8 6.2 17.6 22.8 5.7 17.1 26.3 7.3 19.0 24.6 6.1 18.5 25.0 5.7 19.3 23.3 6.3 17.0 24.6 6.7 17.9 25.4 6.1 19.3 26.5 5.9 20.6 24.9 6.2 18.7 Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 7.6 6.7 7.9 4.9 4.7 5.5 4.9 5.6 3.8 4.4 5.3 5.0 5.4 Services, excluding private households ................. Professional services ............................................ Educational services ........................................... Health services, including hospitals .................... 25.1 13.7 2.8 4.6 25.4 14.3 3.3 4.3 25.0 13.5 2.5 4.7 19.9 9.9 1.6 3.4 19.6 9.8 1.4 3.4 20.6 10.2 1.9 3.5 22.5 10.2 1.5 3.5 23.9 10.3 1.5 3.2 19.6 10.5 1.5 4.2 21.9 9.8 1.4 3.4 25.5 10.3 1.4 3.3 26.3 10.3 1.1 3.2 25.2 10.3 1.5 3.4 2,576 100.0 6,378 11,355 100.0 100.0 7,980 100.0 3,375 15,192 100.0 100.0 8,043 100.0 2,643 100.0 4,507 100.0 8,927 100.0 2,588 100.0 6,338 100.0 Women Total (in thousands) ........................................... 8,955 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 ( 1) .1 .1 .1 .1 .3 .1 .1 .9 .3 .6 .2 1.1 .9 1.3 1.4 1.0 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.8 2.3 1.5 14.3 6.8 .2 .2 .3 .3 .7 1.1 1.6 .5 .2 14.7 9.2 .2 .2 .2 .2 1.0 1.9 2.4 .7 .2 14.2 5.8 .1 .2 .4 .4 .6 .7 1.3 .4 .2 15.9 9.2 .3 .5 .4 .4 1.1 1.8 1.5 2.1 1.8 17.3 10.2 .3 .6 .5 .5 1.2 1.8 1.6 2.6 2.3 12.7 6.8 .3 .4 .2 .1 .7 1.7 1.4 .9 .5 14.5 6.3 .3 .5 .3 .2 .6 1.1 1.6 .9 .5 14.2 5.9 .2 .5 .3 .2 .5 .9 1.7 .7 .4 19.2 8.2 .7 1.0 .2 .5 .7 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.2 12.4 5.9 .4 .1 .3 .1 .6 1.3 1.4 .8 .3 13.6 7.5 .3 .2 .2 .1 .4 1.4 2.0 1.3 .3 9.8 5.8 .2 .2 .3 .1 .2 1.4 1.4 .7 .3 15.2 8.2 .3 .3 .2 .2 .4 1.4 2.3 1.5 .2 1.0 7.5 .7 .5 1.8 .3 2.0 1.5 1.3 5.5 .4 .5 1.0 .4 1.7 .6 1.0 8.4 .8 .5 2.2 .2 2.1 1.8 .6 6.7 1.4 .1 .5 .5 1.8 1.2 .6 7.0 1.2 .1 .4 .6 1.7 1.4 .6 5.9 1.8 .1 .5 .3 1.9 .5 .4 8.2 1.4 1.3 1.9 .4 1.3 1.0 .4 8.3 1.1 2.0 1.4 .4 1.3 1.1 .2 11.0 2.2 .9 4.0 .5 1.5 .9 .3 6.5 1.6 .2 1.5 .3 1.2 .9 .9 6.1 1.3 .2 1.6 .3 1.5 .7 .8 4.0 1.2 ( 1) .5 .1 1.4 .3 1.0 7.0 1.3 .3 2.1 .3 1.6 .9 Transportation, communications, and public utilities ............................................................... Transportation ...................................................... Communications and other public utilities ............ 4.4 2.4 2.0 4.0 1.9 2.1 4.6 2.6 2.0 4.1 2.3 1.8 3.9 2.2 1.7 4.5 2.5 2.0 5.0 2.5 2.5 5.2 2.6 2.7 3.9 2.2 1.6 5.4 2.6 2.8 5.1 2.7 2.4 5.2 2.8 2.4 5.0 2.7 2.3 Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... Wholesale trade .................................................... Retail trade ........................................................... 23.5 3.1 20.4 22.7 2.5 20.2 23.8 3.4 20.4 27.1 3.0 24.1 26.7 2.9 23.8 28.1 3.3 24.8 27.4 2.9 24.5 26.7 2.9 23.8 29.0 3.2 25.9 27.7 2.9 24.9 27.1 3.4 23.7 28.1 2.8 25.4 26.7 3.7 23.0 Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 10.7 10.7 10.7 9.9 9.5 10.7 9.9 10.7 8.4 9.3 10.2 11.1 9.9 Services, excluding private households ................. Professional services ............................................ 46.0 35.2 46.9 36.5 45.7 34.7 41.6 31.4 41.1 30.8 42.8 32.6 41.3 29.3 41.5 29.0 37.9 28.7 42.8 30.3 41.9 27.3 43.0 26.8 41.5 27.5 Mining ..................................................................... .1 Construction ........................................................... 1.0 Manufacturing ......................................................... Durable goods ...................................................... Lumber and wood products ................................ Furniture and fixtures .......................................... Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... Primary metal industries ..................................... Fabricated metal products .................................. Machinery and computing equipment ................. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .. Transportation equipment ................................... Motor vehicles .................................................. Professional and photographic equipment, and watches, etc. ..................................................... Nondurable goods ................................................ Food and kindred products ................................. Textile mill products ............................................ Apparel and other textile products ...................... Paper and allied products ................................... Printing and publishing ....................................... Chemicals and allied products ............................ See footnotes at end of table. Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Northeast Population group and area Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain Women–Continued Educational services ........................................... Health services, including hospitals .................... 4.6 20.1 5.0 20.9 4.4 19.8 3.8 18.7 3.5 18.5 4.7 19.2 3.0 17.3 2.9 16.7 3.1 17.9 3.2 18.1 2.7 15.2 4,533 100.0 8,534 17,449 100.0 100.0 2.1 15.5 3.0 15.0 White Total (in thousands) ........................................... 16,613 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 4,977 100.0 11,635 22,172 15,524 100.0 100.0 100.0 6,647 26,907 13,839 100.0 100.0 100.0 5,448 11,994 100.0 100.0 Mining ..................................................................... .2 .1 .3 .4 .3 .6 1.2 .3 1.0 2.7 .8 1.7 .4 Construction ........................................................... 5.4 5.5 5.4 6.1 5.9 6.6 8.1 8.2 7.3 8.1 7.6 8.7 7.1 Manufacturing ......................................................... Durable goods ...................................................... Lumber and wood products ................................ Furniture and fixtures .......................................... Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... Primary metal industries ..................................... Fabricated metal products .................................. Machinery and computing equipment ................. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .. Motor vehicles .................................................. Professional and photographic equipment, and watches, etc. ..................................................... Nondurable goods ................................................ Food and kindred products ................................. Textile mill products ............................................ Apparel and other textile products ...................... Paper and allied products ................................... Printing and publishing ....................................... Chemicals and allied products ............................ 20.5 11.8 .5 .5 .6 .7 1.4 2.5 2.2 .4 21.7 14.1 .5 .4 .4 .5 1.7 3.4 2.9 .3 20.0 10.8 .5 .5 .7 .9 1.2 2.1 1.8 .5 24.8 16.5 .6 .9 .7 1.4 2.1 4.0 1.7 3.1 27.1 18.5 .6 1.0 .8 1.8 2.3 4.4 1.7 4.0 19.5 11.9 .6 .7 .6 .5 1.5 3.2 1.5 1.0 18.6 10.2 1.0 .7 .6 .6 1.0 2.0 1.7 .8 17.4 9.4 .8 .8 .6 .4 .8 1.7 1.8 .7 23.5 13.5 1.7 1.4 .5 1.1 1.3 2.3 1.7 2.0 18.0 9.7 .8 .3 .7 .5 1.2 2.4 1.5 .4 18.5 11.8 .9 .5 .5 .4 1.0 2.2 2.0 .5 14.0 9.2 .7 .4 .5 .2 .7 2.0 1.7 .5 20.5 12.9 1.1 .5 .5 .4 1.2 2.3 2.2 .4 1.2 8.7 1.2 .6 1.0 .7 2.4 1.7 1.4 7.5 .8 .6 .5 1.1 2.3 .9 1.2 9.2 1.4 .6 1.2 .6 2.5 2.0 .7 8.3 1.9 .1 .3 .9 2.0 1.4 .6 8.6 1.8 ( 1) .3 1.0 1.9 1.6 .7 7.6 2.3 .1 .3 .5 2.1 1.1 .4 8.5 1.4 1.2 .9 .7 1.5 1.4 .5 8.0 1.0 2.0 .7 .6 1.5 1.2 .4 10.0 1.7 .8 1.8 .9 1.7 1.4 .3 8.3 1.8 .2 .8 .6 1.5 1.8 .9 6.7 1.9 .2 .9 .5 1.7 .8 .7 4.9 1.9 .0 .3 .2 1.4 .3 1.0 7.6 1.9 .2 1.2 .6 1.8 1.0 Transportation, communications, and public utilities ............................................................... Transportation ...................................................... Communications and other public utilities ............ 6.9 4.1 2.8 6.0 3.5 2.5 7.3 4.3 3.0 6.6 4.2 2.4 6.3 4.1 2.2 7.3 4.5 2.8 7.8 4.7 3.1 7.7 4.4 3.3 7.3 4.6 2.8 8.1 5.1 2.9 7.0 4.2 2.8 7.1 4.2 2.9 6.9 4.3 2.7 Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... Wholesale trade .................................................... Retail trade ........................................................... 24.4 4.7 19.7 22.9 3.9 18.9 25.1 5.0 20.1 25.7 5.0 20.7 25.0 4.8 20.2 27.5 5.6 21.9 26.2 5.1 21.1 26.4 4.8 21.6 26.5 5.4 21.1 25.7 5.4 20.3 26.4 5.1 21.2 27.3 4.6 22.6 25.9 5.3 20.6 Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 8.9 8.7 8.9 7.2 7.0 7.8 7.6 8.5 6.3 6.9 7.5 7.9 7.3 Services, excluding private households ................. Professional services ............................................ Educational services ........................................... Health services, including hospitals .................... 33.7 22.9 3.6 11.0 35.2 24.6 4.2 11.9 33.0 22.2 3.4 10.6 29.1 19.4 2.6 10.0 28.4 18.8 2.3 9.7 30.7 20.7 3.2 10.8 30.6 18.7 2.2 9.2 31.5 18.7 2.2 8.8 28.1 19.4 2.3 10.3 30.5 18.4 2.2 9.2 32.3 17.5 2.0 8.1 33.3 17.7 1.6 8.6 31.8 17.4 2.1 8.0 294 100.0 1,533 100.0 1,877 100.0 1,558 100.0 320 100.0 5,842 100.0 3,400 100.0 1,137 100.0 1,307 100.0 812 100.0 167 100.0 645 100.0 ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) .1 .4 .1 .5 .9 .4 .3 .5 Black Total (in thousands) ........................................... 1,826 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 Mining ..................................................................... ( 1) Construction ........................................................... 3.6 1.4 4.0 2.8 3.0 2.0 5.0 5.9 3.4 4.1 3.6 5.0 3.3 Manufacturing ......................................................... Durable goods ...................................................... Lumber and wood products ................................ Furniture and fixtures .......................................... Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... Primary metal industries ..................................... Fabricated metal products .................................. Machinery and computing equipment ................. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .. 13.5 6.2 .2 .4 .4 .3 .6 .9 .9 17.2 10.7 .2 .9 .2 .4 1.5 2.4 1.6 12.8 5.4 .2 .3 .5 .3 .4 .6 .8 22.1 14.9 .1 .4 .3 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.9 22.7 16.3 ( 1) .5 .3 1.7 1.6 1.5 2.1 19.3 8.4 .6 ( 1) .5 .7 .7 1.7 .8 23.4 10.6 1.5 .5 .7 .6 1.2 1.6 1.9 22.9 9.5 1.0 .5 .6 .5 .9 1.5 1.9 31.7 16.3 3.8 1.1 1.1 .9 1.9 1.8 2.3 17.6 8.4 .8 .1 .6 .7 1.2 1.6 1.6 13.4 8.3 .1 ( 1) .2 .2 .9 2.1 1.7 12.2 6.7 .1 ( 1) .1 ( 1) 2.1 1.6 1.4 13.7 8.8 ( 1) ( 1) .2 .2 .6 2.3 1.8 See footnotes at end of table. Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Northeast Population group and area Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain Black–Continued Transportation equipment ................................... Motor vehicles .................................................. Professional and photographic equipment, and watches, etc. ..................................................... Nondurable goods ................................................ Food and kindred products ................................. Textile mill products ............................................ Apparel and other textile products ...................... Paper and allied products ................................... Printing and publishing ....................................... Chemicals and allied products ............................ .9 .7 1.3 .8 .8 .6 6.4 6.0 7.2 6.8 2.9 1.8 1.9 1.2 1.7 1.3 2.9 1.5 1.4 .7 2.3 .3 .5 .1 2.8 .3 1.0 7.2 .8 .5 1.3 .4 1.3 2.5 1.3 6.5 .3 1.1 1.1 .8 1.3 1.0 1.0 7.4 .9 .4 1.3 .3 1.3 2.8 .3 7.2 2.1 ( 1) .3 .6 1.3 1.8 .3 6.4 1.4 ( 1) .3 .5 1.3 1.8 .2 10.9 5.3 ( 1) .5 1.4 1.3 1.6 .3 12.8 3.3 2.0 2.1 1.0 1.1 1.4 .4 13.4 3.0 3.0 1.7 1.1 1.3 1.6 .1 15.4 4.7 1.2 4.4 1.1 1.0 .5 .2 9.2 3.0 .3 1.1 .8 .8 1.7 .3 5.1 1.2 ( 1) .4 .2 2.0 .9 .6 5.5 .9 ( 1) ( 1) .5 2.4 1.5 .3 5.0 1.2 ( 1) .5 .1 1.9 .8 Transportation, communications, and public utilities ............................................................... Transportation ...................................................... Communications and other public utilities ............ 9.5 5.9 3.6 9.2 4.1 5.1 9.5 6.3 3.2 8.5 5.1 3.3 8.6 5.0 3.6 7.7 5.7 2.0 9.3 6.1 3.3 8.9 5.8 3.1 8.6 6.4 2.2 11.1 6.5 4.6 11.4 6.2 5.3 8.1 3.6 4.5 12.3 6.9 5.5 Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... Wholesale trade .................................................... Retail trade ........................................................... 17.8 2.4 15.4 19.4 2.2 17.2 17.5 2.5 15.0 21.3 2.1 19.3 20.9 2.1 18.9 23.3 2.1 21.2 23.9 3.1 20.7 23.1 3.2 19.9 24.1 3.1 21.1 25.7 3.0 22.6 22.6 3.9 18.7 23.8 3.8 20.0 22.3 4.0 18.3 Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 9.8 8.7 10.1 7.4 6.9 10.0 5.6 6.1 4.6 5.1 8.4 6.0 9.0 Services, excluding private households ................. Professional services ............................................ Educational services ........................................... Health services, including hospitals .................... 45.9 31.8 3.5 19.8 44.1 31.8 2.7 20.2 46.2 31.8 3.6 19.7 37.8 24.5 2.8 14.4 37.9 24.4 2.3 14.8 37.7 25.3 5.0 12.3 32.4 19.4 1.9 12.0 33.0 19.2 2.0 11.3 27.0 16.7 1.7 11.3 35.5 22.1 1.7 14.3 40.1 21.1 2.3 11.6 44.5 19.0 .3 10.8 38.9 21.6 2.9 11.8 213 100.0 1,302 100.0 891 100.0 713 100.0 178 100.0 3,362 100.0 1,314 100.0 65 100.0 1,981 100.0 4,117 100.0 977 100.0 3,142 100.0 ( 1) ( 1) .1 ( 1) .1 1.1 .1 ( 1) 1.8 .5 1.5 .2 Hispanic origin Total (in thousands) ........................................... 1,514 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 Mining ..................................................................... ( 1) Construction ........................................................... 4.1 2.6 4.4 7.6 7.6 7.8 11.4 10.3 11.3 12.1 8.2 11.6 7.1 Manufacturing ......................................................... Durable goods ...................................................... Lumber and wood products ................................ Furniture and fixtures .......................................... Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... Primary metal industries ..................................... Fabricated metal products .................................. Machinery and computing equipment ................. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .. Transportation equipment ................................... Motor vehicles .................................................. Professional and photographic equipment, and watches, etc. ..................................................... Nondurable goods ................................................ Food and kindred products ................................. Textile mill products ............................................ Apparel and other textile products ...................... Paper and allied products ................................... Printing and publishing ....................................... Chemicals and allied products ............................ 24.3 10.1 .1 .6 .3 .5 1.4 1.2 1.9 1.1 .4 34.0 19.8 .1 1.4 .4 .8 2.1 3.8 2.6 1.6 .4 22.7 8.5 .1 .5 .3 .4 1.2 .8 1.7 1.0 .4 34.1 20.6 .7 1.5 .7 2.8 3.3 3.9 2.0 2.4 1.7 35.4 23.1 .7 1.2 .8 3.5 3.9 4.4 2.5 2.8 2.1 28.9 10.8 .6 2.7 .4 .0 1.0 1.6 .3 .8 .3 17.5 8.8 .9 .6 .8 .4 1.0 1.6 1.3 1.1 .4 14.8 7.5 .7 .8 .5 .2 .9 1.0 1.9 .8 .3 21.4 6.2 ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) .9 .3 1.0 1.4 2.6 .7 19.1 9.7 1.0 .5 1.0 .6 1.2 2.1 .9 1.3 .5 25.4 14.0 .7 1.2 .5 .6 1.7 2.0 2.7 2.4 .7 16.9 9.9 .8 .7 .6 .2 .8 1.5 2.5 1.2 .3 28.1 15.3 .7 1.3 .5 .7 2.0 2.2 2.8 2.7 .8 .8 14.2 2.0 2.1 4.0 .5 1.7 2.5 2.5 14.3 .8 2.6 1.1 1.5 2.7 .8 .5 14.2 2.2 2.0 4.5 .4 1.6 2.8 .6 13.5 4.6 .1 .8 1.4 2.0 1.2 .2 12.3 2.7 .1 .8 1.7 1.7 1.5 2.3 18.2 12.0 .3 .5 .2 3.3 .1 .3 8.7 3.0 .6 1.5 .4 1.0 .9 .3 7.3 2.0 1.1 1.1 .4 1.2 .4 ( 1) 15.3 11.1 ( 1) .1 1.1 1.7 .2 .3 9.4 3.3 .2 1.9 .4 .8 1.2 .9 11.4 3.2 .4 3.1 .6 1.7 1.2 .9 7.1 3.9 .2 .6 .4 .9 .4 .9 12.8 3.0 .5 3.9 .7 1.9 1.5 Transportation, communications, and public utilities ............................................................... Transportation ...................................................... Communications and other public utilities ............ 6.6 4.4 2.2 3.8 2.1 1.6 7.1 4.8 2.3 4.4 3.1 1.3 4.2 3.1 1.1 5.3 3.2 2.1 7.6 5.7 1.9 9.2 6.9 2.3 5.8 4.5 1.3 6.6 4.9 1.7 5.1 3.2 1.9 5.3 3.0 2.3 5.0 3.2 1.8 Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... Wholesale trade .................................................... Retail trade ........................................................... 27.8 4.5 23.2 19.3 2.6 16.8 29.2 4.9 24.3 27.1 4.0 23.1 26.2 3.9 22.2 31.0 4.3 26.7 28.5 4.8 23.6 27.3 4.4 22.9 38.2 10.6 27.6 29.0 5.0 24.0 28.7 5.7 22.9 30.9 4.4 26.5 28.0 6.2 21.8 See footnotes at end of table. Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Northeast Population group and area Total Midwest New Middle England Atlantic Total South East West North North Central Central Total West East West South South South Atlantic Central Central Total MounPacific tain Hispanic origin–Continued Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 6.8 4.8 7.1 5.2 5.6 3.3 5.7 7.7 1.9 4.5 5.1 4.8 5.2 Services, excluding private households ................. Professional services ............................................ Educational services ........................................... Health services, including hospitals .................... 30.4 16.7 2.1 9.1 35.5 20.4 2.6 11.1 29.6 16.1 2.0 8.8 21.5 9.6 1.4 5.3 21.0 9.6 1.5 5.2 23.6 9.9 .8 5.3 28.3 13.7 1.7 7.7 30.7 14.0 1.6 7.4 21.3 15.4 .1 13.2 26.9 13.5 1.9 7.8 27.0 11.0 1.0 5.9 28.9 12.7 .9 7.1 26.4 10.5 1.0 5.5 1 Less than 500 persons. NOTE: Totals for the summary groups published include other industries, not shown separately. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages because of rounding. Data on rubber and miscellaneous plastics products are not available. Table 7. Census regions and divisions: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages (In thousands) Hours of work Population group and area Total at work 35 hours and over 1 to 14 hours 15 to 29 hours 30 to 34 hours Total 35 to 39 hours 40 hours 41 to 48 hours 49 hours and over TOTAL Northeast ............................................................ New England ..................................................... Middle Atlantic ................................................... 23,570 6,471 17,099 1,210 350 859 3,122 849 2,273 1,745 535 1,211 17,493 4,737 12,755 2,127 524 1,603 8,410 2,171 6,238 2,551 785 1,767 4,404 1,257 3,147 Midwest .............................................................. East North Central ............................................. West North Central ............................................ 30,245 20,904 9,338 1,683 1,103 579 3,824 2,627 1,197 2,330 1,576 754 22,407 15,598 6,808 2,026 1,397 628 9,863 7,035 2,829 3,926 2,665 1,261 6,592 4,502 2,089 South .................................................................. South Atlantic .................................................... East South Central ............................................ West South Central ........................................... 42,994 22,388 7,272 13,334 1,841 901 341 599 4,843 2,438 843 1,562 3,072 1,593 533 945 33,237 17,455 5,555 10,227 2,826 1,452 509 866 16,656 8,979 2,708 4,969 5,027 2,605 886 1,536 8,728 4,418 1,452 2,857 West ................................................................... Mountain ............................................................ Pacific ................................................................ 27,165 7,714 19,449 1,372 412 960 3,496 960 2,536 2,186 600 1,586 20,111 5,741 14,368 1,653 490 1,162 10,178 2,743 7,437 2,921 896 2,025 5,358 1,612 3,744 Northeast ............................................................ New England ..................................................... Middle Atlantic ................................................... 12,591 3,402 9,189 427 128 299 1,058 273 785 684 195 488 10,422 2,806 7,616 763 191 572 4,804 1,228 3,576 1,592 476 1,116 3,264 911 2,352 Midwest .............................................................. East North Central ............................................. West North Central ............................................ 16,270 11,302 4,967 600 397 203 1,323 892 431 921 620 301 13,426 9,394 4,032 725 491 234 5,398 3,882 1,516 2,394 1,640 754 4,910 3,381 1,528 South .................................................................. South Atlantic .................................................... East South Central ............................................ West South Central ........................................... 23,224 11,981 3,889 7,353 709 356 129 224 1,862 913 336 613 1,271 651 208 412 19,383 10,061 3,216 6,105 1,092 548 187 357 8,853 4,770 1,419 2,664 3,024 1,555 527 943 6,414 3,190 1,083 2,141 West ................................................................... Mountain ............................................................ Pacific ................................................................ 15,163 4,275 10,887 539 156 382 1,382 375 1,007 963 255 708 12,279 3,489 8,790 728 211 517 5,901 1,552 4,351 1,780 551 1,228 3,870 1,175 2,694 Northeast ............................................................ New England ..................................................... Middle Atlantic ................................................... 10,980 3,069 7,910 783 223 560 2,064 576 1,488 1,062 339 722 7,071 1,931 5,140 1,365 333 1,031 3,606 943 2,662 960 309 651 1,141 345 795 Midwest .............................................................. East North Central ............................................. West North Central ............................................ 13,974 9,602 4,371 1,083 706 377 2,501 1,735 766 1,409 956 453 8,981 6,205 2,776 1,301 906 394 4,465 3,152 1,313 1,533 1,025 507 1,683 1,121 561 South .................................................................. South Atlantic .................................................... East South Central ............................................ West South Central ........................................... 19,769 10,406 3,383 5,980 1,133 545 212 375 2,981 1,525 507 949 1,801 942 326 533 13,854 7,394 2,339 4,122 1,734 904 322 508 7,803 4,210 1,288 2,305 2,003 1,050 360 593 2,314 1,229 369 716 West ................................................................... Mountain ............................................................ Pacific ................................................................ 12,002 3,438 8,562 833 256 577 2,114 585 1,529 1,223 344 878 7,832 2,252 5,578 925 280 645 4,277 1,191 3,086 1,141 344 796 1,488 438 1,050 Northeast ............................................................ New England ..................................................... Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1,115 344 770 292 96 196 463 142 322 79 27 52 280 79 201 59 15 44 153 41 112 33 12 21 35 11 25 Midwest .............................................................. East North Central ............................................. West North Central ............................................ 1,888 1,269 619 459 309 150 747 502 245 163 112 50 519 346 173 107 71 35 249 173 76 75 50 25 88 52 36 South .................................................................. South Atlantic .................................................... 2,097 1,052 341 178 859 434 212 100 685 339 151 74 369 199 80 33 86 33 Men Women Both sexes, 16 to 19 years See footnotes at end of table. Table 7. Census regions and divisions: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Hours of work Population group and area Total at work 35 hours and over 1 to 14 hours 15 to 29 hours 30 to 34 hours Total 35 to 39 hours 40 hours 41 to 48 hours 49 hours and over Both sexes, 16 to 19 years–Continued East South Central ............................................ West South Central ........................................... 382 664 62 101 159 266 33 79 128 218 32 45 61 109 15 31 20 33 West ................................................................... Mountain ............................................................ Pacific ................................................................ 1,317 482 834 262 89 173 519 177 341 141 55 86 395 160 234 79 34 45 218 87 131 52 20 32 45 20 25 Northeast ............................................................ New England ..................................................... Middle Atlantic ................................................... 20,293 5,998 14,294 1,088 334 753 2,746 802 1,944 1,535 499 1,035 14,925 4,363 10,561 1,748 484 1,264 6,893 1,937 4,956 2,312 747 1,564 3,972 1,195 2,776 Midwest .............................................................. East North Central ............................................. West North Central ............................................ 27,268 18,537 8,728 1,571 1,020 550 3,462 2,348 1,113 2,117 1,413 704 20,118 13,756 6,360 1,824 1,231 593 8,490 5,914 2,576 3,660 2,463 1,196 6,144 4,147 1,996 South .................................................................. South Atlantic .................................................... East South Central ............................................ West South Central ........................................... 34,347 17,419 5,799 11,128 1,553 755 287 511 3,925 1,943 670 1,311 2,407 1,219 416 772 26,462 13,502 4,425 8,533 2,213 1,090 397 725 12,551 6,554 2,035 3,961 4,207 2,113 752 1,342 7,491 3,744 1,241 2,506 West ................................................................... Mountain ............................................................ Pacific ................................................................ 23,188 7,160 16,019 1,224 392 831 3,014 895 2,119 1,865 553 1,311 17,084 5,320 11,757 1,434 460 973 8,382 2,495 5,885 2,554 849 1,703 4,715 1,516 3,196 Northeast ............................................................ New England ..................................................... Middle Atlantic ................................................... 2,386 342 2,045 94 12 82 283 36 247 166 29 137 1,844 265 1,579 304 36 269 1,116 157 959 158 28 130 266 44 221 Midwest .............................................................. East North Central ............................................. West North Central ............................................ 2,322 1,916 408 80 63 17 285 231 54 173 141 32 1,784 1,481 304 162 138 24 1,110 938 172 192 149 43 320 255 65 South .................................................................. South Atlantic .................................................... East South Central ............................................ West South Central ........................................... 7,523 4,415 1,398 1,711 254 133 50 71 809 443 162 205 588 339 111 139 5,870 3,501 1,075 1,296 544 326 101 116 3,648 2,185 650 814 704 433 127 144 975 558 196 221 West ................................................................... Mountain ............................................................ Pacific ................................................................ 1,121 207 915 32 6 25 134 27 107 95 17 78 860 157 705 61 11 50 550 91 459 90 18 73 159 37 122 Northeast ............................................................ New England ..................................................... Middle Atlantic ................................................... 1,767 243 1,525 56 8 48 217 26 191 120 21 99 1,374 189 1,186 164 21 143 820 117 703 150 25 126 239 26 213 Midwest .............................................................. East North Central ............................................. West North Central ............................................ 987 787 200 29 19 9 100 75 25 74 54 20 784 639 146 54 37 17 475 399 76 103 84 18 153 119 34 South .................................................................. South Atlantic .................................................... East South Central ............................................ West South Central ........................................... 4,168 1,555 82 2,528 128 42 5 81 489 168 7 314 300 112 4 185 3,250 1,233 66 1,949 281 89 3 189 1,874 760 32 1,081 428 136 11 281 667 248 21 398 West ................................................................... Mountain ............................................................ Pacific ................................................................ 5,371 1,255 4,119 187 43 145 640 141 500 461 106 355 4,083 965 3,119 361 92 268 2,578 584 1,995 494 122 373 650 167 483 White Black Hispanic origin NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Table 8. Census regions and divisions: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1997 annual averages (In thousands) Usually work full time Population group and area Total Usually work part time Slack Vacation WeatherHoliday, work or or related legal or business personal curtailreligious conditions day ment Other reasons1 Total Slack work or business conditions Other Retired Could In family or or Social Other Childonly find school care personal Security reapart-time or limit on sons2 problems obligawork training tions earnings TOTAL Northeast .............................. New England ....................... Middle Atlantic ..................... 1,777 498 1,278 153 42 111 612 151 461 296 111 186 54 14 39 662 180 482 4,309 1,241 3,068 219 50 169 378 92 286 211 76 135 1,078 339 739 1,129 338 791 403 119 283 890 226 664 Midwest ................................ East North Central ............... West North Central .............. 2,378 1,549 829 241 167 73 906 588 318 123 86 38 204 129 76 904 579 325 5,444 3,739 1,705 223 163 60 332 234 97 172 135 37 1,396 951 444 1,746 1,165 580 519 343 176 1,057 747 310 South .................................... South Atlantic ...................... East South Central .............. West South Central ............. 3,542 1,754 646 1,142 419 215 70 134 1,036 548 186 302 263 154 38 71 301 92 52 157 1,523 746 300 477 6,216 3,175 1,071 1,970 344 175 45 124 481 248 77 156 209 117 35 56 1,233 622 226 385 1,803 879 334 590 624 338 116 170 1,522 796 238 488 West ..................................... Mountain .............................. Pacific .................................. 2,225 620 1,606 329 85 244 749 224 525 193 43 149 76 25 51 879 242 637 4,841 1,373 3,468 420 89 331 377 82 296 150 47 103 1,106 336 770 1,395 412 982 316 106 210 1,077 301 776 Northeast .............................. New England ....................... Middle Atlantic ..................... 875 245 630 88 26 61 315 77 238 134 49 85 39 11 28 300 82 218 1,296 352 944 97 23 74 154 36 119 5 2 3 36 11 25 503 151 352 228 69 159 273 61 212 Midwest ................................ East North Central ............... West North Central .............. 1,197 782 414 148 104 44 464 305 159 56 40 16 121 76 46 407 257 150 1,642 1,120 522 104 81 23 123 86 38 3 2 1 45 30 15 776 515 262 273 179 95 316 228 88 South .................................... South Atlantic ...................... East South Central .............. West South Central ............. 1,781 867 324 590 261 136 37 88 504 264 88 151 117 69 16 32 228 78 44 105 672 320 139 213 2,062 1,052 348 661 157 76 18 64 159 81 27 51 4 2 1 1 58 33 7 18 814 392 159 263 357 196 67 94 513 272 71 170 West ..................................... Mountain .............................. Pacific .................................. 1,188 328 860 214 53 161 399 117 282 90 21 69 66 20 45 419 117 302 1,701 467 1,234 204 42 162 152 30 122 10 1 9 69 20 49 677 201 476 193 66 127 396 108 288 Northeast .............................. New England ....................... Middle Atlantic ..................... 902 253 649 65 15 50 297 74 223 162 61 101 15 4 11 362 98 264 3,012 889 2,124 122 27 95 224 57 167 206 74 131 1,042 328 714 626 187 439 175 51 124 617 165 452 Midwest ................................ East North Central ............... West North Central .............. 1,182 766 415 93 63 30 442 284 158 68 46 22 83 53 30 497 321 175 3,802 2,619 1,183 118 82 36 208 149 60 169 133 36 1,351 921 429 969 651 319 245 165 81 741 519 222 South .................................... South Atlantic ...................... East South Central .............. West South Central ............. 1,762 888 321 552 158 79 33 46 532 284 98 150 146 85 22 39 73 14 8 52 852 426 161 265 4,155 2,123 723 1,309 187 99 28 60 322 167 50 105 205 115 34 56 1,176 590 219 367 989 486 175 327 267 142 50 76 1,009 524 167 318 West ..................................... Mountain .............................. Pacific .................................. 1,037 291 746 115 32 84 350 107 243 102 22 80 10 5 5 460 125 334 3,140 907 2,234 216 48 169 226 52 174 140 46 94 1,037 316 721 717 211 506 122 40 82 682 194 488 Northeast .............................. New England ....................... Middle Atlantic ..................... 1,541 469 1,072 133 39 94 551 147 404 252 103 149 50 14 36 555 167 388 3,939 1,207 2,732 184 48 136 300 82 218 199 72 127 1,041 341 700 1,012 322 691 382 119 263 821 222 598 Midwest ................................ East North Central ............... West North Central .............. 2,148 1,380 768 216 147 69 833 534 299 104 71 33 191 122 69 804 506 298 5,147 3,490 1,657 199 141 58 285 198 87 156 122 35 1,378 933 445 1,613 1,065 548 505 332 174 1,009 699 310 Men Women White See footnotes at end of table. Table 8. Census regions and divisions: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Usually work full time Population group and area Total Usually work part time Slack Vacation WeatherHoliday, work or or related legal or business personal curtailreligious conditions day ment Other reasons1 Total Slack work or business conditions Other Retired Could In family or or Social Other Childonly find school care personal Security reapart-time or limit on sons2 problems obligawork training tions earnings White–Continued South .................................... South Atlantic ...................... East South Central .............. West South Central ............. 2,795 1,337 503 955 317 156 49 113 865 451 153 261 196 111 30 55 254 73 43 139 1,163 547 229 388 5,243 2,659 890 1,694 248 129 29 91 324 166 47 111 175 96 30 49 1,138 577 209 352 1,504 718 266 520 560 295 107 158 1,293 679 202 413 West ..................................... Mountain .............................. Pacific .................................. 1,909 572 1,337 288 79 209 656 209 447 148 39 109 69 24 45 748 221 527 4,338 1,329 3,009 371 84 287 313 73 240 139 46 92 1,047 334 713 1,197 392 805 293 105 188 980 295 685 Northeast .............................. New England ....................... Middle Atlantic ..................... 190 22 168 17 3 14 45 3 42 36 6 30 3 3 89 10 79 368 57 311 38 5 33 80 12 68 12 5 7 42 8 34 91 15 77 19 2 17 86 12 74 Midwest ................................ East North Central ............... West North Central .............. 189 146 43 22 18 3 55 45 10 17 14 3 10 5 5 85 64 21 361 299 62 31 27 3 54 44 10 16 14 2 44 36 8 108 86 23 20 17 3 88 75 14 South .................................... South Atlantic ...................... East South Central .............. West South Central ............. 668 378 135 155 91 53 20 18 149 89 30 29 63 40 8 15 42 18 9 16 323 179 67 77 1,013 552 192 269 103 53 17 33 163 84 31 48 35 22 6 7 100 49 19 31 290 162 66 61 67 43 11 12 256 138 41 77 West ..................................... Mountain .............................. Pacific .................................. 95 17 78 11 2 10 27 6 22 12 2 10 2 42 8 35 172 36 136 23 3 19 26 7 19 4 1 4 16 4 11 54 11 43 7 2 6 43 8 35 Black ( 3) ( 3) 2 1 Includes seasonal work, job started or ended, own illness, child-care problems, other family or personal obligations, labor dispute, in school or training, civic or military duty, and all other reasons. 2 Includes seasonal work, health and medical limitations, full-time workweek less than 35 hours, and all other reasons. 3 Less than 500 persons. NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Table 9. Census regions and divisions: Employed persons with a job but not at work by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and reason not at work, 1997 annual averages (In thousands) Population group and area Total Vacation Child-care problems1 Own illness Other reasons2 TOTAL Northeast ............................................................................ New England ..................................................................... Middle Atlantic ................................................................... 1,126 333 793 633 195 438 103 36 67 230 54 176 160 48 112 Midwest .............................................................................. East North Central ............................................................. West North Central ............................................................ 1,381 971 409 749 532 217 126 88 38 284 208 76 222 143 79 South .................................................................................. South Atlantic .................................................................... East South Central ............................................................ West South Central ........................................................... 1,882 912 371 599 964 486 174 304 194 93 42 59 381 188 78 115 343 145 77 121 West ................................................................................... Mountain ............................................................................ Pacific ................................................................................ 1,165 325 840 596 167 429 136 37 99 218 62 156 215 59 155 Northeast ............................................................................ New England ..................................................................... Middle Atlantic ................................................................... 505 144 361 298 87 210 11 4 7 112 25 88 84 28 56 Midwest .............................................................................. East North Central ............................................................. West North Central ............................................................ 590 414 176 332 240 92 14 10 4 134 94 40 110 70 40 South .................................................................................. South Atlantic .................................................................... East South Central ............................................................ West South Central ........................................................... 806 389 163 254 423 218 77 127 27 12 8 6 172 86 33 54 184 73 44 67 West ................................................................................... Mountain ............................................................................ Pacific ................................................................................ 518 138 380 270 74 195 24 7 17 109 26 83 115 31 85 Northeast ............................................................................ New England ..................................................................... Middle Atlantic ................................................................... 621 189 432 335 108 227 92 32 60 118 30 88 75 19 56 Midwest .............................................................................. East North Central ............................................................. West North Central ............................................................ 791 557 234 417 292 125 112 78 33 150 114 36 113 73 39 South .................................................................................. South Atlantic .................................................................... East South Central ............................................................ West South Central ........................................................... 1,076 523 208 345 540 268 96 176 167 81 33 53 209 102 45 61 160 73 33 55 West ................................................................................... Mountain ............................................................................ Pacific ................................................................................ 647 187 460 326 93 234 113 30 83 109 36 73 99 29 71 Northeast ............................................................................ New England ..................................................................... Middle Atlantic ................................................................... 985 313 671 559 186 373 87 32 55 199 52 148 139 44 95 Midwest .............................................................................. East North Central ............................................................. West North Central ............................................................ 1,240 862 379 684 479 205 112 77 35 248 179 68 196 126 70 South .................................................................................. South Atlantic .................................................................... East South Central ............................................................ West South Central ........................................................... 1,504 708 293 502 794 391 144 258 150 68 31 50 280 133 53 94 280 116 65 99 Men Women White See footnotes at end of table. Table 9. Census regions and divisions: Employed persons with a job but not at work by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and reason not at work, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Population group and area Total Vacation Child-care problems1 Own illness Other reasons2 White–Continued West ................................................................................... Mountain ............................................................................ Pacific ................................................................................ 1,008 308 700 522 159 363 115 35 80 184 58 125 188 56 133 Northeast ............................................................................ New England ..................................................................... Middle Atlantic ................................................................... 106 13 93 52 5 47 13 2 11 26 2 24 15 2 12 Midwest .............................................................................. East North Central ............................................................. West North Central ............................................................ 114 92 22 51 43 8 10 9 2 30 24 5 23 16 7 South .................................................................................. South Atlantic .................................................................... East South Central ............................................................ West South Central ........................................................... 342 188 75 80 149 86 29 35 39 22 10 6 95 53 24 19 58 27 12 19 West ................................................................................... Pacific ................................................................................ 53 45 23 19 6 6 15 13 8 7 Northeast ............................................................................ New England ..................................................................... Middle Atlantic ................................................................... 60 9 50 34 5 29 14 3 11 7 6 5 1 4 Midwest .............................................................................. East North Central ............................................................. 34 27 17 13 9 8 3 3 5 3 South .................................................................................. South Atlantic .................................................................... West South Central ........................................................... 149 47 98 83 27 54 30 10 19 11 3 8 25 7 17 West ................................................................................... Mountain ............................................................................ Pacific ................................................................................ 179 46 133 81 22 60 43 12 31 21 5 16 34 8 26 Black Hispanic origin 1 Includes maternity or paternity leave and other family obligations. 2 Includes labor dispute, bad weather, in school or training, civic or military duty, and all other reasons. 3 Less than 500 persons. NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet ( 3) BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Table 10. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment, 1997 annual averages Total unemployed Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs1 Population group and area Number (in thousands) Percent Total On temporary layoff Job leavers Reentrants New entrants TOTAL Northeast .............................................................. New England ....................................................... Middle Atlantic ..................................................... 1,405 314 1,091 100.0 100.0 100.0 49.3 50.3 49.0 13.9 14.7 13.7 10.0 11.0 9.7 32.3 32.2 32.3 8.4 6.5 8.9 Midwest ................................................................ East North Central ............................................... West North Central .............................................. 1,332 977 355 100.0 100.0 100.0 44.5 46.3 39.5 17.5 18.8 14.0 12.3 11.4 14.7 35.7 34.8 38.2 7.5 7.5 7.6 South .................................................................... South Atlantic ...................................................... East South Central .............................................. West South Central ............................................. 2,326 1,108 433 785 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 41.9 42.1 42.7 41.4 10.7 10.4 13.9 9.4 13.2 13.9 12.5 12.6 35.9 35.9 36.5 35.5 9.0 8.1 8.3 10.5 West ..................................................................... Mountain .............................................................. Pacific .................................................................. 1,673 362 1,312 100.0 100.0 100.0 46.3 40.3 48.0 15.1 13.7 15.4 10.9 14.8 9.8 34.3 39.3 32.9 8.5 5.7 9.3 Northeast .............................................................. New England ....................................................... Middle Atlantic ..................................................... 760 178 582 100.0 100.0 100.0 57.5 57.9 57.4 16.3 16.9 16.1 9.5 10.5 9.2 26.1 27.2 25.8 6.9 4.5 7.6 Midwest ................................................................ East North Central ............................................... West North Central .............................................. 718 520 198 100.0 100.0 100.0 53.0 55.6 46.2 21.8 23.8 16.6 12.8 11.2 16.9 28.1 27.5 29.6 6.2 5.7 7.4 South .................................................................... South Atlantic ...................................................... East South Central .............................................. West South Central ............................................. 1,176 554 212 410 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 49.0 49.2 49.7 48.3 13.4 12.7 18.2 11.8 12.9 13.1 11.1 13.6 29.9 30.1 32.0 28.6 8.2 7.6 7.2 9.4 West ..................................................................... Mountain .............................................................. Pacific .................................................................. 921 193 728 100.0 100.0 100.0 55.1 50.5 56.3 17.9 17.7 18.0 10.6 13.7 9.8 27.3 31.2 26.3 7.0 4.6 7.6 Northeast .............................................................. New England ....................................................... Middle Atlantic ..................................................... 645 136 509 100.0 100.0 100.0 39.6 40.4 39.4 11.2 11.9 11.0 10.7 11.7 10.4 39.5 38.7 39.8 10.1 9.2 10.4 Midwest ................................................................ East North Central ............................................... West North Central .............................................. 614 457 157 100.0 100.0 100.0 34.6 35.8 31.1 12.5 13.1 10.7 11.6 11.5 11.9 44.7 43.2 49.0 9.1 9.5 8.0 South .................................................................... South Atlantic ...................................................... East South Central .............................................. West South Central ............................................. 1,150 554 221 375 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 34.7 34.9 36.0 33.7 8.0 8.1 9.8 6.9 13.5 14.7 13.8 11.6 42.0 41.8 40.8 43.0 9.8 8.6 9.4 11.7 West ..................................................................... Mountain .............................................................. Pacific .................................................................. 752 169 584 100.0 100.0 100.0 35.6 28.5 37.6 11.5 9.1 12.2 11.3 16.1 9.9 42.8 48.5 41.1 10.4 6.9 11.4 Northeast .............................................................. New England ....................................................... Middle Atlantic ..................................................... 235 56 179 100.0 100.0 100.0 15.9 17.3 15.5 3.6 5.0 3.1 6.0 8.6 5.2 45.9 47.0 45.5 32.2 27.2 33.8 Midwest ................................................................ East North Central ............................................... West North Central .............................................. 287 197 90 100.0 100.0 100.0 13.7 14.7 11.7 4.6 5.4 3.0 8.9 8.7 9.5 50.6 49.9 52.1 26.8 26.7 26.8 South .................................................................... South Atlantic ...................................................... East South Central .............................................. West South Central ............................................. 462 202 89 171 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12.9 13.5 15.4 10.7 4.6 5.7 5.6 2.8 8.8 8.0 9.4 9.5 47.0 49.5 44.2 45.5 31.4 29.0 31.0 34.4 Men Women Both sexes, 16 to 19 years See footnotes at end of table. Table 10. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total unemployed Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs1 Population group and area Job leavers Reentrants New entrants 5.8 5.3 6.0 8.3 13.3 6.4 47.2 52.6 45.1 31.4 21.2 35.4 52.0 52.3 51.9 16.4 16.1 16.5 11.1 11.1 11.1 29.7 30.9 29.2 7.2 5.7 7.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 46.6 49.4 39.8 20.5 22.4 15.8 13.7 12.8 16.0 33.7 32.2 37.3 6.0 5.7 6.9 1,457 640 265 551 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 43.9 45.1 46.9 41.1 12.3 12.4 17.8 9.7 15.3 16.3 14.4 14.6 33.3 32.1 32.8 35.0 7.5 6.5 6.0 9.3 1,343 315 1,029 100.0 100.0 100.0 47.7 41.0 49.7 16.6 14.6 17.3 11.0 14.8 9.8 33.2 38.7 31.5 8.2 5.5 9.0 Northeast .............................................................. New England ....................................................... Middle Atlantic ..................................................... 337 41 297 100.0 100.0 100.0 40.7 40.3 40.7 7.8 7.5 7.8 7.3 12.0 6.6 40.6 37.3 41.0 11.5 10.4 11.7 Midwest ................................................................ East North Central ............................................... 272 226 100.0 100.0 39.3 38.5 7.6 8.4 7.2 7.0 41.9 42.4 11.6 12.2 South .................................................................... South Atlantic ...................................................... East South Central .............................................. West South Central ............................................. 807 442 164 202 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 38.8 38.4 35.3 42.5 8.1 7.8 7.7 8.9 9.3 10.1 9.6 7.5 40.6 41.6 42.8 36.6 11.3 10.0 12.3 13.4 West ..................................................................... Pacific .................................................................. 143 125 100.0 100.0 41.2 42.4 6.4 6.5 12.8 12.1 38.9 38.6 7.1 6.9 Northeast .............................................................. Middle Atlantic ..................................................... 191 161 100.0 100.0 46.1 46.5 9.8 9.7 7.6 7.4 34.5 34.4 11.8 11.7 Midwest ................................................................ 67 100.0 40.3 14.9 10.1 39.7 9.8 South .................................................................... South Atlantic ...................................................... West South Central ............................................. 319 97 218 100.0 100.0 100.0 42.1 44.0 41.1 9.1 8.8 9.3 12.9 12.5 12.6 33.4 30.9 35.0 11.6 12.6 11.2 West ..................................................................... Mountain .............................................................. Pacific .................................................................. 490 79 412 100.0 100.0 100.0 51.0 40.5 53.1 20.4 18.8 20.7 6.9 10.5 6.2 30.7 40.7 28.8 11.4 8.3 12.0 Number (in thousands) Percent Total On temporary layoff 287 79 208 100.0 100.0 100.0 13.1 12.9 13.1 Northeast .............................................................. New England ....................................................... Middle Atlantic ..................................................... 1,011 267 745 100.0 100.0 100.0 Midwest ................................................................ East North Central ............................................... West North Central .............................................. 1,023 728 296 South .................................................................... South Atlantic ...................................................... East South Central .............................................. West South Central ............................................. West ..................................................................... Mountain .............................................................. Pacific .................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years–Continued West ..................................................................... Mountain .............................................................. Pacific .................................................................. White Black Hispanic origin 1 Formerly called "job losers". NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Table 11. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment, 1997 annual averages Total unemployed Population group and area Number (in thousands) Percent 15 weeks and over Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 27 weeks and over Total 15 to 26 weeks Total 27 to 51 weeks 52 weeks and over TOTAL Northeast .................................................................. New England ........................................................... Middle Atlantic ......................................................... 1,405 314 1,091 100.0 100.0 100.0 32.1 35.4 31.1 30.9 33.3 30.2 37.1 31.3 38.7 16.4 15.5 16.6 20.7 15.9 22.1 8.9 7.3 9.3 11.8 8.5 12.8 Midwest .................................................................... East North Central ................................................... West North Central .................................................. 1,332 977 355 100.0 100.0 100.0 39.9 39.5 41.0 32.3 32.3 32.3 27.9 28.3 26.8 14.4 14.8 13.5 13.4 13.5 13.3 6.5 6.0 7.6 7.0 7.5 5.7 South ........................................................................ South Atlantic .......................................................... East South Central .................................................. West South Central ................................................. 2,326 1,108 433 785 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 39.0 39.3 35.7 40.5 32.6 31.7 35.0 32.5 28.3 28.9 29.2 27.0 14.1 14.4 16.0 12.5 14.3 14.5 13.2 14.5 6.3 6.6 6.2 5.8 8.0 7.9 7.0 8.7 West ......................................................................... Mountain .................................................................. Pacific ...................................................................... 1,673 362 1,312 100.0 100.0 100.0 38.7 45.3 36.8 30.8 31.6 30.6 30.5 23.1 32.6 14.7 12.4 15.3 15.9 10.7 17.3 7.3 5.5 7.8 8.6 5.2 9.5 Northeast .................................................................. New England ........................................................... Middle Atlantic ......................................................... 760 178 582 100.0 100.0 100.0 30.7 31.8 30.4 30.5 32.7 29.8 38.8 35.5 39.8 16.5 17.0 16.3 22.3 18.5 23.5 9.4 8.2 9.7 13.0 10.3 13.7 Midwest .................................................................... East North Central ................................................... West North Central .................................................. 718 520 198 100.0 100.0 100.0 39.0 39.4 37.9 31.1 30.8 31.9 29.9 29.8 30.2 15.4 15.6 14.9 14.5 14.2 15.2 6.6 5.7 8.8 7.9 8.5 6.4 South ........................................................................ South Atlantic .......................................................... East South Central .................................................. West South Central ................................................. 1,176 554 212 410 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 38.8 39.1 35.1 40.3 32.5 31.7 35.8 31.9 28.7 29.2 29.1 27.7 14.2 14.7 16.6 12.2 14.5 14.5 12.5 15.6 6.2 6.6 5.9 5.8 8.3 7.8 6.6 9.8 West ......................................................................... Mountain .................................................................. Pacific ...................................................................... 921 193 728 100.0 100.0 100.0 37.3 44.6 35.3 30.7 31.2 30.6 32.0 24.1 34.1 15.6 13.6 16.2 16.3 10.6 17.9 7.5 5.0 8.2 8.8 5.6 9.7 Northeast .................................................................. New England ........................................................... Middle Atlantic ......................................................... 645 136 509 100.0 100.0 100.0 33.7 40.1 32.0 31.3 34.0 30.5 35.0 25.8 37.5 16.3 13.5 17.0 18.7 12.4 20.5 8.3 6.3 8.8 10.5 6.1 11.6 Midwest .................................................................... East North Central ................................................... West North Central .................................................. 614 457 157 100.0 100.0 100.0 40.9 39.5 44.8 33.6 33.9 32.7 25.5 26.6 22.5 13.3 13.9 11.6 12.2 12.7 10.9 6.3 6.4 6.0 5.9 6.2 4.9 South ........................................................................ South Atlantic .......................................................... East South Central .................................................. West South Central ................................................. 1,150 554 221 375 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 39.3 39.6 36.3 40.6 32.7 31.8 34.3 33.2 28.0 28.7 29.4 26.2 14.0 14.1 15.5 12.9 14.0 14.6 13.9 13.3 6.3 6.6 6.6 5.8 7.7 8.0 7.3 7.5 West ......................................................................... Mountain .................................................................. Pacific ...................................................................... 752 169 584 100.0 100.0 100.0 40.4 46.2 38.7 30.9 32.0 30.5 28.7 21.8 30.7 13.5 11.1 14.2 15.3 10.8 16.6 7.0 6.1 7.3 8.2 4.7 9.3 Northeast .................................................................. New England ........................................................... Middle Atlantic ......................................................... 235 56 179 100.0 100.0 100.0 43.0 48.3 41.4 34.6 36.1 34.2 22.3 15.6 24.4 13.0 11.1 13.5 9.4 4.6 10.9 4.5 1.7 5.3 4.9 2.9 5.5 Midwest .................................................................... East North Central ................................................... West North Central .................................................. 287 197 90 100.0 100.0 100.0 49.0 49.5 48.1 32.7 31.4 35.4 18.3 19.1 16.5 10.7 11.3 9.3 7.6 7.8 7.2 4.8 4.8 4.8 2.8 3.0 2.4 South ........................................................................ South Atlantic .......................................................... East South Central .................................................. 462 202 89 100.0 100.0 100.0 47.1 49.5 44.6 34.7 31.5 38.5 18.2 19.0 16.9 10.2 10.3 11.6 8.1 8.7 5.2 3.7 4.4 3.1 4.3 4.3 2.1 Men Women Both sexes, 16 to 19 years See footnotes at end of table. Table 11. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total unemployed Population group and area Number (in thousands) Percent 15 weeks and over Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 27 weeks and over Total 15 to 26 weeks Total 27 to 51 weeks 52 weeks and over Both sexes, 16 to 19 years–Continued West South Central ................................................. 171 100.0 45.6 36.4 18.1 9.3 8.8 3.2 5.6 West ......................................................................... Mountain .................................................................. Pacific ...................................................................... 287 79 208 100.0 100.0 100.0 48.3 55.2 45.6 33.8 31.6 34.7 17.9 13.2 19.8 10.7 7.9 11.8 7.3 5.3 8.0 3.7 2.7 4.2 3.5 2.6 3.9 Northeast .................................................................. New England ........................................................... Middle Atlantic ......................................................... 1,011 267 745 100.0 100.0 100.0 34.3 35.8 33.8 31.8 33.5 31.2 33.9 30.6 35.0 16.1 14.9 16.6 17.7 15.7 18.4 8.4 7.1 8.9 9.3 8.6 9.5 Midwest .................................................................... East North Central ................................................... West North Central .................................................. 1,023 728 296 100.0 100.0 100.0 42.3 42.1 42.9 32.3 32.3 32.2 25.4 25.6 24.9 13.0 13.6 11.7 12.4 12.1 13.2 6.0 5.5 7.4 6.4 6.6 5.8 South ........................................................................ South Atlantic .......................................................... East South Central .................................................. West South Central ................................................. 1,457 640 265 551 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 42.5 44.4 38.6 42.1 32.5 31.5 36.1 31.8 25.0 24.0 25.4 26.0 12.8 12.6 14.7 12.1 12.2 11.5 10.6 13.9 5.7 5.5 5.3 6.0 6.6 6.0 5.3 7.9 West ......................................................................... Mountain .................................................................. Pacific ...................................................................... 1,343 315 1,029 100.0 100.0 100.0 40.0 46.2 38.1 31.0 31.3 30.9 28.9 22.5 30.9 14.2 12.3 14.8 14.7 10.2 16.1 6.9 5.3 7.4 7.8 4.9 8.7 Northeast .................................................................. New England ........................................................... Middle Atlantic ......................................................... 337 41 297 100.0 100.0 100.0 26.0 32.0 25.2 28.2 31.7 27.7 45.8 36.3 47.1 17.3 20.6 16.8 28.5 15.6 30.2 9.8 8.1 10.0 18.7 7.5 20.2 Midwest .................................................................... East North Central ................................................... 272 226 100.0 100.0 30.9 31.4 32.7 32.1 36.4 36.5 20.0 19.2 16.4 17.4 8.2 8.1 8.2 9.3 South ........................................................................ South Atlantic .......................................................... East South Central .................................................. West South Central ................................................. 807 442 164 202 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 32.5 31.7 30.3 36.2 32.9 31.9 34.0 34.1 34.6 36.4 35.7 29.7 16.6 17.4 18.1 13.5 18.0 19.0 17.6 16.2 7.5 8.2 7.9 5.7 10.5 10.9 9.7 10.5 West ......................................................................... Pacific ...................................................................... 143 125 100.0 100.0 32.3 31.6 30.9 30.4 36.8 38.0 16.2 16.9 20.6 21.1 10.4 10.4 10.2 10.7 Northeast .................................................................. Middle Atlantic ......................................................... 191 161 100.0 100.0 30.5 30.7 29.4 27.6 40.1 41.7 16.6 17.1 23.5 24.7 8.9 9.2 14.5 15.4 Midwest .................................................................... 67 100.0 48.2 30.7 21.0 12.0 9.1 3.4 5.6 South ........................................................................ South Atlantic .......................................................... West South Central ................................................. 319 97 218 100.0 100.0 100.0 39.4 39.9 38.8 32.9 31.5 33.4 27.7 28.6 27.9 13.1 14.5 12.8 14.6 14.1 15.0 5.9 5.9 6.0 8.7 8.2 9.1 West ......................................................................... Mountain .................................................................. Pacific ...................................................................... 490 79 412 100.0 100.0 100.0 39.0 39.8 38.9 30.6 32.6 30.2 30.4 27.6 30.9 14.8 14.0 15.0 15.6 13.6 15.9 6.4 7.0 6.2 9.2 6.7 9.7 White Black Hispanic origin NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Chart 1. Unemployment rates by state, 1997 annual averages (U.S. rate = 4.9 percent) Mountain WASH. West North Central New England East North Central ORE. WIS. S.D. IDAHO VT. Middle Atlantic MINN. CALIF. MAINE N.D. MONT. N.H. MASS. N.Y. MICH. R.I. WYO. CONN. IOWA NEB. PA. N.J. OHIO NEV. IND. ILL. UTAH MD. DEL. COLO. KAN. MO. W.VA. KY. VA. D.C. TENN. ARIZ. N.C. OKLA. N.M. ARK. Pacific MISS. S.C. South Atlantic ALA. GA. LA. AA_97 TEX. 6.5% or over East South Central FLA. 5.5% - 6.4% West South Central ALASKA 4.5% - 5.4% 3.5% - 4.4% HAWAII 3.4% or below Chart 2. Employment-population ratios by State, 1997 annual averages (U.S. average = 63.8 percent) Mountain WASH. West North Central New England East North Central ORE. WIS. S.D. IDAHO VT. Middle Atlantic MINN. CALIF. MAINE N.D. MONT. N.H. MICH. WYO. R.I. CONN. IOWA NEB. PA. N.J. OHIO NEV. ILL. UTAH COLO. MASS. N.Y. IND. MD. DEL. KAN. MO. W.VA. KY. VA. D.C. TENN. ARIZ. N.C. OKLA. N.M. ARK. Pacific MISS. S.C. ALA. GA. LA. South Atlantic TEX. East South Central West South Central ALASKA HAWAII FLA. EPOP_98 66.0% or over 62.0% - 65.9% 61.9% or below Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment Civilian noninstitutional population Number Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 3,338 1,605 1,733 283 2,174 1,167 1,007 136 65.1 72.7 58.1 48.1 2,064 1,116 948 111 61.8 69.5 54.7 39.2 110 51 59 25 5.1 4.4 5.9 18.4 4.5 3.6 5.0 14.8 - 5.7 5.1 6.8 22.0 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,447 1,197 1,250 181 1,616 896 719 92 66.0 74.9 57.6 50.9 1,564 870 694 83 63.9 72.7 55.5 45.7 52 27 26 9 3.2 3.0 3.6 10.1 2.7 2.2 2.7 6.3 - 3.8 3.7 4.4 13.8 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 859 397 462 536 264 272 62.4 66.5 58.9 478 240 238 55.7 60.4 51.6 58 24 33 10.8 9.2 12.3 9.2 7.1 10.1 - 12.4 11.4 14.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 426 215 211 40 316 172 144 20 74.2 80.4 67.9 50.8 291 157 134 16 68.3 73.0 63.6 40.2 25 16 9 4 7.9 9.2 6.3 20.9 7.1 8.2 5.3 20.4 - 8.6 10.2 7.3 21.4 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 344 177 167 30 264 146 118 16 76.8 82.5 70.8 53.5 246 134 112 13 71.6 76.0 66.9 43.2 18 12 6 3 6.8 7.9 5.5 19.4 6.1 6.9 4.5 17.8 - 7.6 9.0 6.4 20.9 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 15 7 8 10 5 4 68.3 79.6 58.1 9 5 4 63.1 74.1 53.2 ( 2) ( 2) 1 7.6 6.9 8.5 4.1 2.4 3.1 - 11.1 11.5 14.0 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... 8 5 7 4 79.8 90.2 6 4 70.7 80.8 ( 2) 1 11.3 10.4 6.3 4.3 - 16.3 16.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 3,396 1,654 1,742 290 2,166 1,202 964 143 63.8 72.6 55.3 49.3 2,065 1,150 914 122 60.8 69.6 52.5 42.2 101 51 49 21 4.6 4.3 5.1 14.4 4.1 3.5 4.3 11.0 - 5.2 5.0 6.0 17.7 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 3,107 1,524 1,583 257 1,977 1,106 871 131 63.6 72.6 55.0 51.0 1,892 1,062 830 114 60.9 69.7 52.5 44.3 85 44 40 17 4.3 4.0 4.6 13.1 3.7 3.3 3.8 9.7 - 4.9 4.7 5.5 16.5 Black .............................................................................. 124 83 67.0 76 61.1 7 8.7 5.4 - 12.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 851 438 413 552 344 208 64.9 78.5 50.4 524 328 196 61.6 75.0 47.3 28 16 13 5.1 4.5 6.1 3.8 2.9 3.9 - 6.4 6.1 8.4 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,918 914 1,004 152 1,211 639 572 76 63.1 69.9 56.9 49.7 1,147 603 544 61 59.8 65.9 54.2 40.3 64 37 28 14 5.3 5.7 4.8 18.9 4.7 4.8 3.9 14.7 - 5.9 6.6 5.7 23.0 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,583 764 819 117 1,016 548 468 62 64.2 71.7 57.1 52.8 977 525 451 53 61.7 68.7 55.1 45.1 39 23 16 9 3.8 4.1 3.5 14.5 3.2 3.3 2.7 10.3 - 4.4 5.0 4.3 18.8 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 306 140 166 174 83 91 56.9 59.6 54.7 150 70 81 49.2 49.9 48.6 24 14 10 13.7 16.4 11.2 11.2 12.8 7.9 - 16.2 20.0 14.5 State and population group Percent of population Number Percent of population Number Rate Error range of rate1 Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas See footnotes at end of table. Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment Civilian noninstitutional population Number Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 24,110 11,844 12,266 1,773 15,972 8,911 7,061 737 66.2 75.2 57.6 41.6 14,966 8,355 6,611 585 62.1 70.5 53.9 33.0 1,006 556 450 152 6.3 6.2 6.4 20.6 6.0 5.9 6.0 18.6 - 6.6 6.6 6.8 22.6 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 19,370 9,578 9,791 1,360 12,966 7,335 5,631 616 66.9 76.6 57.5 45.3 12,188 6,907 5,281 495 62.9 72.1 53.9 36.4 778 428 351 121 6.0 5.8 6.2 19.7 5.7 5.4 5.8 17.5 - 6.3 6.2 6.7 21.8 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 1,573 760 814 980 507 473 62.3 66.7 58.1 864 441 423 54.9 58.0 52.0 116 66 50 11.8 13.0 10.6 10.5 11.1 8.7 - 13.2 15.0 12.4 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 6,311 3,242 3,069 652 4,380 2,666 1,714 267 69.4 82.2 55.8 41.0 3,990 2,444 1,546 198 63.2 75.4 50.4 30.3 390 223 167 69 8.9 8.4 9.8 26.0 8.3 7.6 8.8 22.5 - 9.5 9.1 10.7 29.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 2,964 1,480 1,484 207 2,158 1,167 991 127 72.8 78.8 66.8 61.3 2,088 1,129 959 109 70.4 76.3 64.6 52.7 70 38 33 18 3.3 3.2 3.3 14.1 2.8 2.6 2.6 11.2 - 3.7 3.9 4.0 17.0 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,761 1,383 1,378 187 2,015 1,093 922 116 73.0 79.0 66.9 62.1 1,952 1,060 892 101 70.7 76.7 64.7 54.2 62 33 29 15 3.1 3.0 3.2 12.8 2.6 2.4 2.5 9.8 - 3.6 3.6 3.9 15.8 Black .............................................................................. 100 73 73.0 68 68.0 5 6.9 3.8 - 10.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 391 197 194 277 156 121 70.9 79.3 62.4 264 150 114 67.6 76.2 58.9 13 6 7 4.6 3.9 5.6 3.2 2.2 3.4 - 6.0 5.6 7.9 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 2,523 1,200 1,323 178 1,723 887 836 104 68.3 73.9 63.2 58.1 1,635 835 800 88 64.8 69.6 60.5 49.5 88 52 36 15 5.1 5.9 4.3 14.9 4.4 4.9 3.4 11.2 - 5.8 6.8 5.2 18.6 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,195 1,054 1,142 148 1,491 784 707 90 67.9 74.4 61.9 60.7 1,426 744 682 78 64.9 70.6 59.7 52.8 65 40 25 12 4.4 5.1 3.5 13.1 3.7 4.2 2.7 9.2 - 5.0 6.1 4.4 16.9 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 292 126 167 207 86 121 70.9 68.8 72.5 185 76 110 63.3 60.1 65.8 22 11 11 10.6 12.6 9.2 8.2 8.7 6.2 - 13.0 16.5 12.2 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 174 82 91 118 60 58 68.0 73.2 63.2 101 50 51 58.1 60.5 56.0 17 10 7 14.5 17.4 11.4 10.8 12.0 6.6 - 18.1 22.8 16.2 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 564 270 294 45 380 195 185 22 67.3 72.2 62.8 50.0 364 186 178 19 64.6 69.0 60.5 42.5 15 9 7 3 4.0 4.4 3.6 15.1 3.5 3.6 2.8 11.2 - 4.6 5.3 4.4 19.0 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 438 212 226 288 152 136 65.7 71.5 60.2 278 147 131 63.5 69.2 58.1 10 5 5 3.3 3.1 3.6 2.7 2.3 2.7 - 3.9 3.9 4.4 State and population group Percent of population Number Percent of population Number Rate Error range of rate1 California Colorado Connecticut Delaware See footnotes at end of table. Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) State and population group Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Number Percent of population Employment Number Percent of population Unemployment Number Rate Error range of rate1 Delaware–Continued Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 32 17 53.2 15 47.5 2 10.7 6.7 - 14.8 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 112 51 61 82 38 44 73.2 75.0 71.8 76 34 42 68.3 67.8 68.8 5 4 2 6.7 9.5 4.2 5.2 6.9 2.6 - 8.2 12.1 5.9 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 416 189 227 21 257 126 131 6 61.8 66.5 57.8 30.3 237 117 120 4 56.9 61.7 52.8 17.5 20 9 11 3 7.9 7.2 8.6 42.4 7.1 6.1 7.4 36.8 - 8.7 8.3 9.8 47.9 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 132 66 66 102 54 47 77.0 82.3 71.8 99 53 46 74.8 80.1 69.5 3 1 1 2.9 2.7 3.1 2.1 1.6 1.9 - 3.7 3.7 4.4 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 277 121 156 17 150 70 80 5 54.3 57.9 51.6 28.9 133 63 71 3 48.2 51.7 45.4 14.9 17 8 10 2 11.4 10.7 11.9 48.5 10.1 9.0 10.2 41.0 - 12.6 12.5 13.6 56.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 23 12 11 17 10 8 76.0 81.0 70.2 16 9 7 69.3 73.7 64.3 2 1 1 8.8 9.0 8.5 5.6 4.7 3.7 - 12.0 13.4 13.3 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 11,404 5,456 5,948 687 7,106 3,811 3,295 351 62.3 69.8 55.4 51.1 6,768 3,632 3,136 302 59.3 66.6 52.7 43.9 338 178 160 49 4.8 4.7 4.8 13.9 4.5 4.3 4.4 12.0 - 5.1 5.1 5.3 15.9 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 9,736 4,669 5,067 535 5,961 3,231 2,730 287 61.2 69.2 53.9 53.6 5,723 3,107 2,617 254 58.8 66.5 51.6 47.5 237 124 113 33 4.0 3.8 4.1 11.4 3.7 3.4 3.7 9.4 - 4.3 4.2 4.6 13.4 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,441 677 764 137 987 491 496 59 68.5 72.5 65.0 43.0 894 441 453 44 62.1 65.2 59.3 32.0 93 50 44 15 9.4 10.1 8.8 25.4 8.4 8.6 7.4 20.2 - 10.5 11.6 10.2 30.7 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,828 901 927 114 1,219 698 521 52 66.7 77.5 56.2 45.7 1,146 662 483 45 62.7 73.5 52.1 39.9 73 35 38 7 6.0 5.1 7.2 12.7 5.2 4.1 5.9 7.7 - 6.8 6.0 8.5 17.8 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 5,637 2,663 2,974 467 3,907 2,074 1,833 247 69.3 77.9 61.6 52.9 3,730 1,990 1,740 204 66.2 74.7 58.5 43.8 177 85 93 43 4.5 4.1 5.1 17.3 4.0 3.4 4.3 14.0 - 5.0 4.7 5.8 20.6 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 3,871 1,878 1,992 279 2,693 1,488 1,205 165 69.6 79.2 60.5 59.0 2,615 1,447 1,167 147 67.5 77.1 58.6 52.8 79 41 38 17 2.9 2.7 3.2 10.5 2.4 2.1 2.4 7.0 - 3.4 3.4 3.9 13.9 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,681 745 936 177 1,154 553 600 77 68.6 74.3 64.2 43.2 1,058 511 547 52 62.9 68.6 58.5 29.6 96 42 53 24 8.3 7.7 8.9 31.5 7.2 6.1 7.3 29.5 - 9.5 9.3 10.5 33.5 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 108 80 74.5 77 71.3 3 4.3 1.1 - 7.6 District of Columbia Florida Georgia See footnotes at end of table. Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) State and population group Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Number Percent of population Employment Number Percent of population Unemployment Number Rate Error range of rate1 Hawaii Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 873 413 460 55 592 300 292 26 67.8 72.8 63.4 46.9 554 279 275 21 63.5 67.5 59.9 38.0 38 22 16 5 6.4 7.2 5.6 19.0 5.7 6.1 4.6 13.8 - 7.1 8.3 6.5 24.3 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 251 125 126 169 93 76 67.2 74.0 60.4 158 87 71 62.9 69.3 56.6 11 6 5 6.4 6.4 6.4 5.0 4.5 4.4 - 7.7 8.2 8.4 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 24 15 63.7 14 58.5 1 8.1 3.3 - 13.0 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 898 448 450 88 634 349 285 54 70.6 77.8 63.3 62.2 600 330 269 47 66.8 73.8 59.8 53.9 34 18 16 7 5.3 5.2 5.5 13.3 4.7 4.4 4.6 10.5 - 5.9 6.0 6.4 16.0 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 876 437 439 86 619 341 279 54 70.7 78.0 63.5 62.5 587 323 264 46 67.0 74.0 60.0 54.1 33 17 15 7 5.3 5.1 5.4 13.3 4.7 4.3 4.6 10.5 - 5.8 5.9 6.3 16.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 61 34 27 43 28 15 71.3 83.7 55.6 39 26 13 64.2 75.4 50.1 4 3 1 9.9 9.9 10.0 7.1 6.3 5.1 - 12.8 13.4 14.9 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 8,943 4,299 4,644 716 6,130 3,310 2,820 388 68.5 77.0 60.7 54.2 5,842 3,149 2,692 333 65.3 73.2 58.0 46.5 288 161 128 55 4.7 4.8 4.5 14.1 4.4 4.4 4.0 12.1 - 5.0 5.3 5.0 16.2 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 7,371 3,597 3,774 557 5,126 2,835 2,291 330 69.5 78.8 60.7 59.2 4,943 2,727 2,216 293 67.1 75.8 58.7 52.7 183 108 75 36 3.6 3.8 3.3 11.0 3.2 3.4 2.8 9.0 - 3.9 4.3 3.8 13.1 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,292 570 722 134 806 371 435 50 62.4 65.0 60.3 37.3 712 323 390 32 55.1 56.6 54.0 23.9 94 48 46 18 11.6 13.0 10.5 36.1 10.4 11.0 8.8 29.8 - 12.9 14.9 12.1 42.3 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 733 408 325 525 349 176 71.7 85.7 54.1 495 330 164 67.5 81.0 50.6 31 19 11 5.8 5.5 6.4 4.6 4.1 4.3 - 7.0 6.9 8.6 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 4,467 2,144 2,323 331 3,094 1,673 1,421 190 69.3 78.0 61.2 57.4 2,985 1,614 1,371 170 66.8 75.3 59.0 51.3 109 59 50 20 3.5 3.5 3.5 10.7 3.0 2.9 2.8 7.7 - 4.0 4.2 4.2 13.7 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 4,100 1,972 2,128 299 2,856 1,557 1,299 179 69.7 79.0 61.0 60.0 2,768 1,510 1,258 162 67.5 76.6 59.1 54.0 88 47 41 18 3.1 3.0 3.1 9.9 2.6 2.4 2.4 6.9 - 3.5 3.6 3.8 12.9 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 320 148 172 211 102 109 66.0 68.8 63.6 191 90 100 59.6 61.0 58.5 20 12 9 9.7 11.3 8.1 7.0 7.3 4.6 - 12.4 15.4 11.6 2,170 1,577 72.7 1,526 70.3 51 3.3 2.8 - 3.7 Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Total ................................................................................ See footnotes at end of table. Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) State and population group Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Number Percent of population Employment Number Percent of population Unemployment Number Rate Error range of rate1 Iowa–Continued Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,048 1,122 153 824 753 108 78.6 67.2 70.7 795 731 94 75.9 65.1 61.7 29 23 14 3.5 3.0 12.7 2.8 2.3 9.5 - 4.2 3.7 15.9 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,083 1,005 1,078 145 1,512 789 722 103 72.5 78.5 67.0 70.8 1,465 762 702 90 70.3 75.8 65.1 62.4 47 27 20 12 3.1 3.4 2.7 11.9 2.6 2.7 2.1 8.7 - 3.6 4.1 3.4 15.1 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,938 935 1,003 172 1,366 726 640 110 70.5 77.6 63.9 63.8 1,315 701 613 95 67.8 75.0 61.2 55.1 52 25 27 15 3.8 3.4 4.2 13.5 3.3 2.7 3.4 10.6 - 4.3 4.1 5.0 16.4 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,753 851 902 150 1,237 663 574 99 70.6 77.9 63.7 65.7 1,196 641 555 87 68.3 75.4 61.5 58.1 41 22 19 11 3.3 3.2 3.4 11.6 2.8 2.6 2.6 8.7 - 3.8 3.9 4.1 14.5 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 121 54 67 85 41 43 69.6 76.6 63.9 76 39 38 62.7 71.3 55.9 8 3 5 9.8 7.0 12.6 6.6 3.0 7.7 - 13.1 11.0 17.5 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... 80 47 57 40 71.1 84.9 54 38 66.9 81.7 3 2 5.9 3.8 2.9 .8 - 8.9 6.9 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 3,019 1,430 1,589 236 1,928 1,011 917 126 63.9 70.7 57.7 53.3 1,824 964 860 103 60.4 67.4 54.1 43.5 104 47 57 23 5.4 4.6 6.2 18.4 4.8 3.8 5.3 15.3 - 6.0 5.4 7.2 21.5 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,773 1,319 1,454 211 1,765 931 834 115 63.6 70.6 57.4 54.5 1,674 888 786 93 60.4 67.3 54.0 44.2 91 43 48 22 5.2 4.6 5.8 18.9 4.5 3.8 4.8 15.7 - 5.8 5.4 6.7 22.2 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 224 101 124 147 71 76 65.5 70.2 61.7 134 67 67 59.8 66.3 54.5 13 4 9 8.8 5.7 11.7 6.1 2.4 7.7 - 11.5 8.9 15.7 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 3,259 1,534 1,725 297 2,024 1,067 957 114 62.1 69.5 55.5 38.4 1,900 1,009 891 92 58.3 65.8 51.7 30.9 124 58 66 22 6.1 5.4 6.9 19.5 5.5 4.6 5.9 15.6 - 6.8 6.3 7.8 23.4 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,257 1,108 1,149 176 1,427 798 630 78 63.2 72.0 54.8 44.4 1,371 769 602 69 60.7 69.4 52.4 39.1 56 29 28 9 4.0 3.6 4.4 12.1 3.3 2.8 3.4 7.9 - 4.6 4.4 5.4 16.3 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 948 402 547 116 561 251 310 36 59.2 62.5 56.8 30.8 497 222 275 23 52.4 55.4 50.2 19.8 64 29 36 13 11.5 11.4 11.5 35.7 10.0 9.2 9.5 29.7 - 12.9 13.6 13.5 41.7 972 474 498 70 659 349 310 41 67.8 73.5 62.3 58.4 623 329 294 35 64.1 69.3 59.1 49.6 36 20 16 6 5.4 5.7 5.0 15.0 4.7 4.8 4.1 11.3 - 6.1 6.6 6.0 18.8 Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ See footnotes at end of table. Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) State and population group Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Number Percent of population Employment Number Percent of population Unemployment Number Rate Error range of rate1 Maine–Continued White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 959 469 490 68 650 345 305 40 67.7 73.6 62.1 58.5 615 325 290 34 64.1 69.3 59.1 50.1 35 20 15 6 5.3 5.7 4.9 14.4 4.7 4.8 4.0 10.7 - 6.0 6.7 5.8 18.1 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 3,913 1,876 2,037 247 2,789 1,445 1,345 132 71.3 77.0 66.0 53.6 2,648 1,370 1,277 108 67.7 73.1 62.7 43.7 142 74 67 25 5.1 5.1 5.0 18.5 4.5 4.3 4.2 14.2 - 5.7 6.0 5.9 22.9 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,839 1,377 1,462 166 2,001 1,073 928 97 70.5 77.9 63.5 58.5 1,931 1,037 894 85 68.0 75.3 61.2 51.6 70 36 34 12 3.5 3.3 3.7 11.9 2.9 2.5 2.8 7.5 - 4.1 4.1 4.6 16.4 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 942 438 505 687 323 365 73.0 73.8 72.2 618 285 333 65.6 65.1 66.1 69 38 31 10.0 11.7 8.6 8.5 9.3 6.6 - 11.6 14.1 10.5 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 148 123 83.5 119 80.8 4 3.3 1.1 - 5.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 4,726 2,267 2,459 307 3,260 1,712 1,548 183 69.0 75.5 62.9 59.6 3,129 1,637 1,493 160 66.2 72.2 60.7 52.1 131 75 56 23 4.0 4.4 3.6 12.6 3.6 3.8 3.1 10.2 - 4.4 4.9 4.1 15.1 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 4,359 2,086 2,272 277 3,019 1,582 1,438 174 69.3 75.8 63.3 62.8 2,908 1,520 1,388 155 66.7 72.8 61.1 55.9 112 62 50 19 3.7 3.9 3.5 11.0 3.3 3.4 2.9 8.6 - 4.1 4.4 4.0 13.5 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 234 109 124 150 74 77 64.3 67.3 61.7 135 63 73 57.9 57.4 58.4 15 11 4 10.0 14.8 5.4 7.5 10.7 2.7 - 12.5 18.9 8.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 200 86 115 126 63 63 62.9 73.3 55.2 117 58 59 58.5 67.5 51.7 9 5 4 7.1 7.9 6.2 4.7 4.4 3.0 - 9.5 11.5 9.4 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 7,464 3,575 3,889 579 4,986 2,666 2,320 357 66.8 74.6 59.6 61.6 4,776 2,555 2,221 314 64.0 71.5 57.1 54.3 210 111 99 42 4.2 4.2 4.3 11.9 3.9 3.7 3.8 10.0 - 4.5 4.6 4.8 13.7 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 6,379 3,093 3,286 480 4,310 2,348 1,962 312 67.6 75.9 59.7 64.9 4,152 2,261 1,891 281 65.1 73.1 57.6 58.5 158 87 71 31 3.7 3.7 3.6 9.8 3.3 3.2 3.1 8.0 - 4.0 4.2 4.1 11.7 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 913 393 519 554 245 308 60.7 62.3 59.4 506 223 283 55.4 56.8 54.4 48 22 26 8.6 8.9 8.4 7.3 6.9 6.6 - 9.9 10.9 10.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 186 98 88 130 76 55 70.0 77.0 62.2 123 72 51 66.0 73.4 57.7 7 4 4 5.7 4.6 7.3 3.4 1.9 3.3 - 8.0 7.4 11.2 3,523 2,625 74.5 2,539 72.1 86 3.3 2.8 - 3.7 Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Total ................................................................................ See footnotes at end of table. Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment Civilian noninstitutional population Number Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,752 1,771 304 1,421 1,203 214 81.1 67.9 70.4 1,368 1,171 191 78.1 66.1 63.1 53 33 22 3.7 2.7 10.4 3.1 2.1 7.9 - 4.4 3.3 13.0 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 3,336 1,661 1,674 279 2,493 1,353 1,140 201 74.7 81.4 68.1 72.1 2,420 1,309 1,112 182 72.5 78.8 66.4 65.2 73 44 28 19 2.9 3.3 2.5 9.6 2.5 2.6 1.9 7.0 - 3.4 3.9 3.1 12.1 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 2,042 966 1,076 175 1,265 664 601 64 62.0 68.7 55.9 36.8 1,193 633 560 52 58.4 65.5 52.1 29.9 73 31 41 12 5.7 4.7 6.9 18.8 5.1 3.9 5.9 14.6 - 6.4 5.5 7.9 22.9 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,305 636 670 85 820 455 365 39 62.8 71.6 54.5 45.5 797 445 353 35 61.1 69.9 52.6 41.3 23 11 12 3 2.8 2.3 3.3 9.1 2.2 1.6 2.4 4.7 - 3.4 3.0 4.3 13.4 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 710 318 393 430 200 230 60.5 62.9 58.6 381 180 201 53.6 56.6 51.2 49 20 29 11.4 10.0 12.5 9.9 8.0 10.5 - 12.8 12.0 14.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 4,073 1,932 2,141 289 2,888 1,495 1,392 175 70.9 77.4 65.0 60.5 2,765 1,427 1,339 147 67.9 73.9 62.5 50.8 122 69 54 28 4.2 4.6 3.9 16.1 3.7 3.8 3.1 12.9 - 4.8 5.4 4.6 19.2 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 3,619 1,724 1,895 251 2,599 1,357 1,242 155 71.8 78.7 65.5 61.7 2,502 1,302 1,200 133 69.1 75.5 63.4 53.0 97 55 42 22 3.7 4.1 3.4 14.2 3.2 3.3 2.6 10.9 - 4.3 4.8 4.1 17.5 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 403 185 217 254 120 133 63.0 64.9 61.4 230 108 123 57.1 58.0 56.4 24 13 11 9.3 10.6 8.1 6.9 6.9 5.0 - 11.7 14.3 11.3 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 675 333 342 55 454 242 212 28 67.3 72.8 61.9 51.1 430 228 202 23 63.6 68.4 59.0 42.3 24 15 10 5 5.4 6.0 4.6 17.3 4.7 5.1 3.8 13.7 - 6.0 6.9 5.4 20.8 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 627 309 318 50 426 227 199 26 68.0 73.6 62.6 52.8 406 215 191 22 64.8 69.6 60.0 44.4 20 12 8 4 4.8 5.4 4.1 15.9 4.2 4.5 3.3 12.3 - 5.4 6.2 4.9 19.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,236 600 636 104 906 485 421 68 73.3 80.8 66.3 65.7 883 472 410 62 71.4 78.7 64.5 59.6 24 13 11 6 2.6 2.6 2.6 9.3 2.2 2.0 2.0 6.6 - 3.0 3.2 3.3 11.9 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,164 566 598 95 854 460 395 64 73.4 81.2 66.0 67.2 834 449 385 58 71.7 79.3 64.4 61.3 20 11 10 6 2.4 2.3 2.4 8.7 2.0 1.8 1.8 6.0 - 2.8 2.9 3.0 11.5 State and population group Percent of population Number Percent of population Number Rate Error range of rate1 Minnesota–Continued Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska See footnotes at end of table. Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) State and population group Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Number Percent of population Employment Number Percent of population Unemployment Number Rate Error range of rate1 Nevada Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,271 636 635 97 883 491 392 54 69.5 77.1 61.9 55.8 847 471 376 49 66.6 74.0 59.3 50.7 36 20 16 5 4.1 4.1 4.2 9.2 3.6 3.3 3.4 6.2 - 4.6 4.8 5.0 12.1 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,116 559 557 83 777 433 344 47 69.7 77.5 61.8 57.2 749 417 331 44 67.1 74.7 59.5 52.7 29 16 13 4 3.7 3.7 3.7 7.8 3.2 3.0 2.9 4.8 - 4.2 4.4 4.5 10.8 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 81 40 41 52 28 24 63.9 69.7 58.2 48 26 22 58.4 63.9 53.2 4 2 2 8.5 8.3 8.7 5.6 4.4 4.4 - 11.4 12.2 13.0 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 141 82 59 113 76 37 80.4 92.4 63.6 107 72 35 76.2 87.7 60.2 6 4 2 5.1 5.0 5.3 3.5 3.1 2.5 - 6.7 7.0 8.1 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 898 441 457 60 645 348 297 36 71.8 79.0 64.9 61.1 625 338 287 32 69.6 76.6 62.7 54.1 20 10 10 4 3.1 3.0 3.3 11.5 2.6 2.3 2.5 7.8 - 3.6 3.6 4.1 15.2 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 874 428 446 56 626 339 287 35 71.6 79.2 64.3 62.4 606 329 277 31 69.4 76.9 62.2 55.4 20 10 10 4 3.1 2.9 3.4 11.3 2.6 2.2 2.6 7.6 - 3.7 3.6 4.2 15.0 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 6,191 2,927 3,264 429 4,194 2,245 1,948 203 67.7 76.7 59.7 47.3 3,978 2,129 1,849 173 64.3 72.7 56.6 40.2 215 116 99 31 5.1 5.2 5.1 15.0 4.8 4.7 4.5 12.4 - 5.5 5.7 5.6 17.6 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 5,065 2,399 2,667 346 3,414 1,847 1,567 176 67.4 77.0 58.8 50.8 3,262 1,761 1,501 153 64.4 73.4 56.3 44.2 152 85 66 23 4.4 4.6 4.2 13.0 4.0 4.1 3.7 10.4 - 4.8 5.2 4.8 15.7 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 838 378 459 578 275 302 69.0 72.8 65.8 523 252 271 62.5 66.6 59.0 55 23 31 9.4 8.5 10.3 8.2 6.7 8.5 - 10.7 10.3 12.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 656 315 341 80 460 254 206 37 70.2 80.8 60.4 46.6 420 233 187 29 64.0 74.1 54.8 36.0 40 21 19 8 8.7 8.4 9.2 22.7 7.3 6.5 7.1 15.5 - 10.2 10.2 11.4 30.0 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,291 632 659 105 820 448 373 48 63.6 70.9 56.5 45.3 769 420 349 37 59.6 66.5 53.0 35.1 51 28 23 11 6.2 6.2 6.3 22.4 5.6 5.3 5.3 18.5 - 6.9 7.1 7.3 26.3 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,142 564 578 88 736 405 332 43 64.4 71.7 57.4 49.0 692 381 311 34 60.6 67.6 53.7 38.2 44 23 21 10 6.0 5.8 6.3 22.1 5.3 4.9 5.3 18.0 - 6.7 6.7 7.3 26.2 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 477 240 237 49 308 176 132 24 64.5 73.3 55.7 48.5 284 161 122 19 59.5 67.3 51.6 38.9 24 14 10 5 7.8 8.2 7.4 19.9 6.6 6.6 5.6 14.5 - 9.0 9.7 9.1 25.4 New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico See footnotes at end of table. Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment Civilian noninstitutional population Number Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 13,949 6,565 7,384 1,052 8,807 4,712 4,095 413 63.1 71.8 55.5 39.2 8,243 4,416 3,827 325 59.1 67.3 51.8 30.9 564 296 268 88 6.4 6.3 6.6 21.3 6.1 5.9 6.1 19.5 - 6.7 6.7 7.0 23.2 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 10,807 5,125 5,682 742 6,898 3,748 3,150 327 63.8 73.1 55.4 44.1 6,550 3,560 2,990 268 60.6 69.5 52.6 36.2 348 188 160 59 5.0 5.0 5.1 18.0 4.7 4.6 4.6 15.9 - 5.4 5.4 5.5 20.0 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,343 1,043 1,300 250 1,384 662 721 70 59.1 63.5 55.5 27.9 1,199 576 623 43 51.2 55.2 47.9 17.2 185 87 98 27 13.4 13.1 13.7 38.4 12.4 11.7 12.4 34.6 - 14.3 14.4 15.0 42.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,966 939 1,027 195 1,152 676 476 65 58.6 72.0 46.4 33.1 1,044 624 420 47 53.1 66.5 40.9 24.1 108 52 56 18 9.4 7.6 11.8 27.2 8.4 6.5 10.2 21.9 - 10.3 8.8 13.3 32.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 5,605 2,700 2,905 405 3,844 2,045 1,799 228 68.6 75.8 61.9 56.4 3,705 1,976 1,729 199 66.1 73.2 59.5 49.1 139 70 69 29 3.6 3.4 3.9 12.8 3.2 2.9 3.3 10.4 - 4.0 3.9 4.4 15.3 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 4,264 2,099 2,165 285 2,943 1,612 1,331 170 69.0 76.8 61.5 59.5 2,862 1,566 1,297 155 67.1 74.6 59.9 54.4 81 46 35 15 2.8 2.9 2.6 8.6 2.4 2.4 2.1 6.1 - 3.1 3.4 3.2 11.1 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 1,139 505 633 770 363 406 67.6 71.9 64.1 717 342 375 63.0 67.6 59.2 53 22 31 6.8 6.0 7.6 5.8 4.6 6.2 - 7.8 7.3 9.0 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... 139 92 108 85 77.5 92.6 101 79 72.4 86.2 7 6 6.6 6.9 4.0 3.9 - 9.2 9.9 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 479 234 245 43 348 184 164 28 72.6 78.4 67.0 64.1 339 179 160 26 70.7 76.4 65.3 59.6 9 5 4 2 2.5 2.6 2.5 7.1 2.1 2.0 1.9 4.9 - 3.0 3.2 3.1 9.3 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 461 226 235 40 335 178 158 26 72.7 78.6 67.1 65.9 327 173 154 25 71.0 76.7 65.5 61.6 8 4 4 2 2.4 2.4 2.3 6.6 2.0 1.9 1.8 4.3 - 2.8 3.0 2.9 8.8 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 8,544 4,102 4,442 639 5,710 3,036 2,674 366 66.8 74.0 60.2 57.3 5,448 2,904 2,544 308 63.8 70.8 57.3 48.3 262 133 130 58 4.6 4.4 4.8 15.8 4.2 3.9 4.3 13.9 - 4.9 4.8 5.4 17.7 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 7,535 3,632 3,904 544 5,067 2,726 2,342 329 67.2 75.1 60.0 60.4 4,855 2,615 2,239 283 64.4 72.0 57.4 52.0 213 110 102 46 4.2 4.1 4.4 13.9 3.8 3.6 3.8 11.9 - 4.5 4.5 4.9 15.9 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 883 405 478 552 256 296 62.5 63.2 62.0 506 235 271 57.3 58.1 56.6 46 20 26 8.3 8.0 8.6 7.0 6.0 6.8 - 9.7 9.9 10.5 State and population group Percent of population Number Percent of population Number Rate Error range of rate1 New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio See footnotes at end of table. Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) State and population group Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Number Percent of population Employment Number Percent of population Unemployment Number Rate Error range of rate1 Ohio–Continued Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... 111 59 80 49 72.1 82.2 74 44 66.9 74.2 6 5 7.2 9.8 3.7 4.8 - 10.6 14.8 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 2,492 1,177 1,315 191 1,600 861 738 97 64.2 73.2 56.2 50.9 1,534 830 704 83 61.6 70.5 53.5 43.7 66 31 35 14 4.1 3.6 4.7 14.2 3.6 3.0 3.8 10.6 - 4.7 4.3 5.5 17.8 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,084 990 1,094 151 1,346 736 610 82 64.6 74.3 55.8 54.3 1,301 713 589 72 62.4 72.0 53.8 47.8 45 23 21 10 3.3 3.2 3.5 12.0 2.8 2.5 2.7 8.3 - 3.9 3.9 4.3 15.8 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 186 78 108 119 49 70 63.7 62.4 64.6 108 46 63 58.1 58.2 58.1 10 3 7 8.8 6.8 10.1 6.2 3.3 6.7 - 11.3 10.3 13.6 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 2,525 1,255 1,270 183 1,732 959 773 105 68.6 76.4 60.9 57.4 1,631 902 729 87 64.6 71.9 57.4 47.6 101 57 44 18 5.8 5.9 5.7 17.2 5.2 5.1 4.8 13.3 - 6.5 6.8 6.7 21.0 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,363 1,176 1,187 167 1,618 897 721 97 68.5 76.3 60.8 58.0 1,525 845 680 80 64.6 71.9 57.3 47.9 93 52 41 17 5.7 5.8 5.7 17.4 5.1 4.9 4.7 13.4 - 6.4 6.6 6.7 21.5 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 172 103 69 132 91 41 76.6 88.9 58.4 121 84 37 70.1 81.6 53.1 11 7 4 8.5 8.2 9.1 5.0 4.1 2.8 - 11.9 12.2 15.4 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 9,283 4,347 4,936 671 5,984 3,176 2,808 363 64.5 73.1 56.9 54.1 5,673 3,006 2,667 302 61.1 69.2 54.0 45.1 311 170 141 61 5.2 5.3 5.0 16.7 4.8 4.9 4.5 14.5 - 5.6 5.8 5.5 19.0 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 8,252 3,920 4,332 573 5,399 2,900 2,499 331 65.4 74.0 57.7 57.8 5,154 2,763 2,391 284 62.5 70.5 55.2 49.6 245 137 108 47 4.5 4.7 4.3 14.3 4.2 4.2 3.8 12.0 - 4.9 5.2 4.8 16.5 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 847 348 499 473 220 253 55.8 63.1 50.8 416 190 225 49.1 54.7 45.2 57 29 28 12.1 13.4 10.9 10.4 10.8 8.7 - 13.8 16.0 13.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 195 101 94 124 77 47 63.7 76.3 50.2 111 69 42 56.8 67.9 44.9 13 8 5 10.8 11.0 10.4 7.6 6.9 5.3 - 14.0 15.1 15.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 754 351 403 48 505 261 245 31 67.0 74.3 60.6 63.6 478 247 231 27 63.4 70.4 57.4 55.1 27 14 13 4 5.3 5.2 5.4 13.3 4.6 4.3 4.4 9.5 - 6.0 6.1 6.3 17.1 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 706 328 379 43 471 242 228 28 66.6 73.9 60.3 64.8 447 230 217 25 63.3 70.3 57.3 57.9 23 12 11 3 5.0 5.0 5.0 10.7 4.3 4.0 4.0 7.0 - 5.6 5.9 5.9 14.4 Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island See footnotes at end of table. Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) State and population group Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Number Percent of population Employment Number Percent of population Unemployment Number Rate Error range of rate1 Rhode Island–Continued Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 38 18 20 27 15 13 72.5 80.7 64.9 24 14 11 64.6 74.0 55.8 3 1 2 11.0 8.4 14.0 7.2 3.8 7.9 - 14.7 13.0 20.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... 42 19 27 15 65.0 78.6 24 14 57.2 73.8 3 1 12.0 6.2 8.0 2.2 - 16.0 10.1 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 2,870 1,340 1,530 243 1,913 1,001 912 111 66.6 74.7 59.6 45.6 1,826 967 860 90 63.6 72.1 56.2 37.1 86 34 52 21 4.5 3.4 5.7 18.7 3.9 2.7 4.8 14.6 - 5.1 4.1 6.7 22.8 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,056 994 1,062 157 1,386 758 628 76 67.4 76.3 59.2 48.1 1,346 738 608 66 65.5 74.3 57.2 41.8 40 19 20 10 2.9 2.6 3.2 13.1 2.3 1.8 2.4 8.7 - 3.4 3.3 4.1 17.6 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 791 338 453 509 237 272 64.4 70.1 60.2 465 222 242 58.7 65.7 53.5 45 15 30 8.8 6.2 11.0 7.3 4.3 8.9 - 10.2 8.0 13.2 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 550 264 286 51 393 205 187 33 71.4 77.9 65.4 65.6 381 199 181 31 69.2 75.7 63.2 60.1 12 6 6 3 3.1 2.9 3.3 8.3 2.6 2.3 2.6 6.0 - 3.5 3.5 4.0 10.6 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 515 249 267 45 371 195 175 31 71.9 78.5 65.8 69.2 361 190 170 28 70.0 76.5 63.9 63.7 10 5 5 2 2.7 2.5 2.9 8.0 2.3 2.0 2.3 5.6 - 3.2 3.1 3.6 10.4 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 4,159 1,982 2,177 297 2,708 1,422 1,286 162 65.1 71.7 59.1 54.5 2,562 1,339 1,223 133 61.6 67.6 56.2 44.7 146 83 63 29 5.4 5.8 4.9 18.0 4.8 5.0 4.1 14.2 - 6.0 6.7 5.8 21.7 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 3,384 1,637 1,746 223 2,158 1,163 995 119 63.8 71.0 57.0 53.3 2,058 1,106 952 104 60.8 67.5 54.5 46.7 99 57 42 15 4.6 4.9 4.2 12.3 4.0 4.0 3.3 8.4 - 5.2 5.8 5.1 16.2 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 741 325 416 524 241 283 70.7 74.1 68.0 479 217 262 64.7 66.8 63.1 44 24 20 8.5 9.9 7.2 6.8 7.4 5.1 - 10.1 12.4 9.3 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 14,339 6,957 7,382 1,239 9,881 5,448 4,433 573 68.9 78.3 60.1 46.3 9,350 5,164 4,186 453 65.2 74.2 56.7 36.6 531 284 248 120 5.4 5.2 5.6 21.0 5.1 4.8 5.1 19.2 - 5.7 5.6 6.1 22.7 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 12,224 6,022 6,201 1,022 8,388 4,740 3,648 483 68.6 78.7 58.8 47.2 7,977 4,514 3,463 390 65.3 75.0 55.8 38.2 411 226 185 92 4.9 4.8 5.1 19.1 4.6 4.3 4.6 17.2 - 5.2 5.2 5.6 21.1 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 1,607 689 919 1,141 510 630 71.0 74.1 68.6 1,037 462 575 64.5 67.1 62.6 104 48 55 9.1 9.4 8.8 8.0 7.9 7.4 - 10.1 11.0 10.2 South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas See footnotes at end of table. Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) State and population group Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Number Percent of population Employment Number Percent of population Unemployment Number Rate Error range of rate1 Texas–Continued Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 179 76 42.4 53 29.4 23 30.5 27.5 - 33.6 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 4,100 2,072 2,028 477 2,731 1,635 1,096 203 66.6 78.9 54.0 42.5 2,518 1,526 993 157 61.4 73.6 48.9 33.0 212 109 103 46 7.8 6.7 9.4 22.4 7.1 5.8 8.2 20.1 - 8.5 7.5 10.5 24.8 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,450 704 746 160 1,040 574 466 104 71.7 81.5 62.5 64.9 1,008 557 451 94 69.5 79.0 60.5 58.9 32 18 15 10 3.1 3.1 3.2 9.2 2.7 2.5 2.5 7.1 - 3.6 3.7 3.8 11.3 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,389 674 716 153 993 548 446 100 71.5 81.3 62.3 64.9 963 532 432 90 69.3 78.9 60.3 59.0 30 16 14 9 3.0 3.0 3.1 9.2 2.6 2.4 2.4 7.0 - 3.5 3.6 3.8 11.3 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... 82 47 62 41 76.0 88.2 60 40 73.2 85.0 2 2 3.7 3.7 1.8 1.4 - 5.6 6.0 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 455 217 238 34 326 167 159 21 71.6 77.0 66.6 62.5 313 160 153 19 68.7 73.9 64.0 54.1 13 7 6 3 4.0 4.1 3.8 13.4 3.4 3.3 3.0 9.9 - 4.5 4.9 4.6 16.9 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 448 213 236 34 321 164 157 21 71.6 77.1 66.7 63.2 308 157 151 19 68.8 73.9 64.2 54.9 13 7 6 3 3.9 4.1 3.7 13.1 3.4 3.3 2.9 9.6 - 4.5 4.9 4.5 16.6 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 5,097 2,436 2,661 336 3,405 1,791 1,614 153 66.8 73.5 60.7 45.5 3,271 1,729 1,542 136 64.2 71.0 57.9 40.3 135 63 72 17 4.0 3.5 4.5 11.4 3.5 2.8 3.7 8.0 - 4.5 4.1 5.2 14.8 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 3,896 1,892 2,004 234 2,614 1,406 1,208 119 67.1 74.3 60.3 50.7 2,544 1,372 1,171 109 65.3 72.5 58.5 46.5 70 34 37 10 2.7 2.4 3.0 8.4 2.2 1.8 2.3 4.9 - 3.2 3.0 3.8 11.9 Black .............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 1,046 461 586 683 316 367 65.3 68.6 62.7 624 290 334 59.6 62.9 57.0 60 26 33 8.7 8.4 9.0 7.3 6.3 7.1 - 10.1 10.4 11.0 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 154 109 71.0 104 67.4 6 5.1 2.2 - 8.0 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 4,258 2,106 2,152 309 2,988 1,652 1,337 181 70.2 78.4 62.1 58.6 2,846 1,574 1,272 152 66.8 74.7 59.1 49.4 142 78 65 28 4.8 4.7 4.8 15.8 4.2 3.9 3.9 11.9 - 5.4 5.5 5.7 19.6 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 3,888 1,924 1,964 271 2,728 1,514 1,214 161 70.2 78.7 61.8 59.5 2,599 1,441 1,159 137 66.9 74.9 59.0 50.4 129 73 56 25 4.7 4.8 4.6 15.3 4.1 4.0 3.7 11.2 - 5.4 5.7 5.5 19.3 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... 165 98 135 88 81.7 89.5 125 81 76.1 82.9 9 7 6.8 7.4 3.0 2.6 - 10.6 12.3 Utah Vermont Virginia Washington See footnotes at end of table. Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) State and population group Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Number Percent of population Employment Number Percent of population Unemployment Number Rate Error range of rate1 West Virginia Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,451 680 771 103 805 436 368 43 55.5 64.1 47.8 42.2 749 403 346 32 51.6 59.3 44.9 30.7 55 33 22 12 6.9 7.6 6.1 27.3 6.2 6.6 5.2 24.2 - 7.6 8.5 7.0 30.4 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,407 660 747 98 780 423 357 41 55.5 64.2 47.8 42.0 729 392 337 31 51.8 59.5 45.1 31.3 51 31 20 11 6.5 7.3 5.6 25.5 5.9 6.4 4.7 22.1 - 7.2 8.2 6.5 28.8 Black .............................................................................. 35 19 54.0 15 41.9 4 22.4 16.3 - 28.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 3,918 1,940 1,978 307 2,929 1,549 1,380 208 74.7 79.8 69.7 67.5 2,821 1,492 1,329 186 72.0 76.9 67.2 60.4 108 57 51 22 3.7 3.7 3.7 10.6 3.2 3.0 3.0 7.8 - 4.2 4.3 4.4 13.4 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 3,665 1,823 1,843 273 2,760 1,470 1,290 193 75.3 80.6 70.0 70.9 2,674 1,423 1,251 176 73.0 78.1 67.9 64.4 86 47 39 18 3.1 3.2 3.0 9.2 2.6 2.5 2.3 6.4 - 3.6 3.8 3.7 12.0 Black .............................................................................. 175 114 65.0 96 54.8 18 15.7 11.9 - 19.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 363 180 183 35 251 137 114 21 69.0 76.2 62.0 58.7 238 130 107 17 65.5 72.6 58.6 48.1 13 6 6 4 5.1 4.7 5.5 18.1 4.5 3.9 4.6 14.9 - 5.7 5.5 6.5 21.3 White ............................................................................. Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 352 174 178 34 243 133 110 20 69.2 76.4 62.1 59.0 232 127 104 17 65.8 73.1 58.8 48.8 12 6 6 3 4.8 4.3 5.4 17.3 4.2 3.6 4.4 14.0 - 5.4 5.1 6.3 20.5 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Men ............................................................................... Women ......................................................................... 16 7 8 12 6 6 75.3 82.5 69.1 11 6 5 70.8 77.8 64.8 1 6.0 5.7 6.3 3.3 2.0 2.4 - 8.7 9.3 10.2 Wisconsin Wyoming 1 Error ranges are calculated at the 90-percent confidence interval, which means that if repeated samples were drawn from the same population and an error range constructed around each sample estimate, in 9 out of 10 cases the true value based on a complete census of the population would be contained within these error ranges. 2 Less than 500 persons. ( 2) ( 2) NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages (In thousands) Employed1 Unemployed Full-time workers Part-time workers At work At work2 Population group and State Total 35 hours or more 1 to 34 hours NonecoEconomic nomic reareasons sons Not at work Total Part time Part time for for economic noneconoreasons mic reasons Not at work Looking for Looking for full-time part-time work work TOTAL Alabama ....................................... 1,740 Alaska ........................................... 238 Arizona ......................................... 1,698 Arkansas ....................................... 944 California ...................................... 12,159 Colorado ....................................... 1,715 Connecticut ................................... 1,303 Delaware ...................................... 302 District of Columbia ...................... 207 Florida ........................................... 5,687 1,472 193 1,507 798 10,579 1,479 1,149 266 177 5,030 23 5 27 18 209 22 8 4 2 80 165 25 117 91 953 151 91 22 23 390 80 15 47 38 419 63 53 10 6 188 324 54 366 203 2,807 373 333 62 29 1,081 34 12 45 22 478 35 40 6 8 136 264 38 298 166 2,156 317 265 52 20 879 26 4 24 15 173 20 28 4 2 66 88 21 81 55 805 52 69 12 18 272 22 4 20 10 201 18 18 4 2 66 Georgia ......................................... Hawaii ........................................... Idaho ............................................. Illinois ............................................ Indiana .......................................... Iowa .............................................. Kansas .......................................... Kentucky ....................................... Louisiana ...................................... Maine ............................................ 3,238 439 471 4,792 2,450 1,211 1,046 1,511 1,591 493 2,841 370 402 4,206 2,115 1,044 906 1,288 1,364 419 41 6 10 50 32 19 11 18 22 9 233 44 39 352 203 101 99 131 139 43 124 18 20 185 100 47 30 74 66 22 492 116 129 1,049 535 315 268 313 309 130 54 24 13 110 46 23 24 31 49 18 400 84 107 876 456 270 227 256 240 104 37 7 9 64 32 22 17 25 20 9 146 32 27 226 88 ( 3) 38 83 109 27 31 6 7 63 21 ( 3) 14 21 15 8 Maryland ....................................... Massachusetts .............................. Michigan ....................................... Minnesota ..................................... Mississippi .................................... Missouri ........................................ Montana ........................................ Nebraska ...................................... Nevada ......................................... New Hampshire ............................ 2,193 2,494 3,821 1,987 1,022 2,312 333 705 727 500 1,876 2,157 3,344 1,710 896 1,960 280 617 643 433 24 23 50 22 15 32 7 9 12 4 206 208 266 190 72 232 32 55 46 42 87 105 161 66 40 87 14 24 26 21 455 636 955 552 170 453 97 178 120 125 67 56 88 55 24 35 13 13 18 12 361 533 809 457 136 384 76 152 94 106 26 47 58 40 11 34 8 12 8 7 116 103 158 62 64 99 20 ( 3) 32 ( 3) 26 28 52 24 9 23 4 ( 3) 4 ( 3) New Jersey ................................... New Mexico .................................. New York ...................................... North Carolina .............................. North Dakota ................................ Ohio .............................................. Oklahoma ..................................... Oregon .......................................... Pennsylvania ................................ Rhode Island ................................ 3,282 618 6,725 3,162 267 4,410 1,262 1,308 4,494 380 2,866 532 5,874 2,794 227 3,836 1,091 1,123 3,903 321 28 11 55 59 3 49 17 31 51 5 259 51 512 215 27 336 110 104 373 36 129 25 284 93 9 189 45 49 167 18 696 151 1,518 543 72 1,038 272 323 1,179 98 79 24 228 45 7 105 31 46 153 14 572 116 1,201 458 60 869 219 256 945 77 46 12 88 40 6 64 21 21 80 8 176 43 455 117 ( 3) 204 52 83 238 21 39 9 109 23 ( 3) 58 14 18 73 6 South Carolina .............................. South Dakota ................................ Tennessee .................................... Texas ............................................ Utah .............................................. Vermont ........................................ Virginia .......................................... Washington ................................... West Virginia ................................ Wisconsin ..................................... Wyoming ....................................... 1,566 303 2,160 7,930 773 243 2,782 2,270 607 2,243 188 1,398 264 1,857 6,890 676 208 2,413 1,950 517 1,946 165 18 3 37 108 9 4 30 31 10 30 3 97 26 185 635 64 21 253 200 49 186 13 53 10 80 296 24 10 85 89 31 82 7 260 78 402 1,420 234 70 489 576 143 578 50 30 5 40 182 19 8 61 73 28 52 7 213 68 328 1,139 201 57 397 460 104 490 38 16 5 34 99 15 5 31 43 11 36 4 74 ( 3) 121 429 ( 3) 10 113 115 46 85 9 12 ( 3) 25 102 3 ( ) 3 22 28 10 22 4 1,007 139 1,019 872 115 915 13 3 17 80 12 65 42 9 21 109 18 131 10 5 20 91 12 108 8 1 3 42 14 43 9 2 8 Men Alabama ....................................... Alaska ........................................... Arizona ......................................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Employed1 Unemployed Full-time workers Part-time workers At work At work2 Population group and State Total 35 hours or more 1 to 34 hours NonecoEconomic nomic reareasons sons Not at work Total Part time Part time for for economic noneconoreasons mic reasons Not at work Looking for Looking for full-time part-time work work Men–Continued Arkansas ....................................... California ...................................... Colorado ....................................... Connecticut ................................... Delaware ...................................... District of Columbia ...................... Florida ........................................... 536 7,313 1,006 742 167 106 3,242 466 6,483 887 670 150 91 2,913 9 135 12 5 2 1 52 44 486 74 40 10 10 181 17 208 34 27 5 3 95 67 1,042 123 93 19 11 390 7 230 18 16 2 4 54 56 758 100 70 15 6 313 4 54 5 8 1 1 23 31 464 ( 3) 45 ( 3) 8 144 5 92 ( 3) 7 ( 3) 1 34 Georgia ......................................... Hawaii ........................................... Idaho ............................................. Illinois ............................................ Indiana .......................................... Iowa .............................................. Kansas .......................................... Kentucky ....................................... Louisiana ...................................... Maine ............................................ 1,838 241 289 2,818 1,467 702 612 878 909 292 1,650 207 252 2,522 1,297 619 540 765 796 254 26 4 7 36 17 11 6 12 14 6 111 21 19 167 101 49 51 63 66 21 52 9 11 94 52 23 15 38 34 11 152 37 41 331 148 93 89 87 100 37 23 10 6 55 15 6 11 13 15 7 115 25 34 261 129 80 73 67 79 28 13 2 2 15 3 7 6 7 7 2 73 21 15 133 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 39 52 17 12 1 3 27 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 8 6 3 Maryland ....................................... Massachusetts .............................. Michigan ....................................... Minnesota ..................................... Mississippi .................................... Missouri ........................................ Montana ........................................ Nebraska ...................................... Nevada ......................................... New Hampshire ............................ 1,222 1,458 2,286 1,197 574 1,292 201 417 431 300 1,068 1,288 2,047 1,055 512 1,117 172 374 389 267 15 14 33 13 8 20 5 5 8 3 96 103 128 93 39 111 16 27 22 20 43 53 77 37 16 43 8 11 11 11 149 178 269 171 58 135 27 55 40 37 25 26 32 23 9 14 4 5 7 4 117 140 225 137 47 111 21 47 31 30 7 13 12 11 2 9 2 3 3 3 64 65 91 ( 3) 27 60 13 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) 10 10 20 ( 3) 4 9 2 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) New Jersey ................................... New Mexico .................................. New York ...................................... North Carolina .............................. North Dakota ................................ Ohio .............................................. Oklahoma ..................................... Oregon .......................................... Pennsylvania ................................ Rhode Island ................................ 1,928 370 3,927 1,785 157 2,605 739 807 2,651 217 1,723 324 3,509 1,615 138 2,306 648 701 2,342 189 17 8 32 36 2 30 10 21 29 3 123 26 236 91 12 178 59 53 193 17 66 13 150 43 5 92 21 31 87 8 201 50 489 191 21 299 91 95 355 30 29 10 98 17 2 51 15 18 66 5 158 37 366 158 18 237 69 74 269 23 14 3 25 16 1 11 7 4 20 2 98 24 258 59 ( 3) 112 ( 3) 49 142 11 18 4 38 11 ( 3) 20 ( 3) 8 28 2 South Carolina .............................. South Dakota ................................ Tennessee .................................... Texas ............................................ Utah .............................................. Vermont ........................................ Virginia .......................................... Washington ................................... West Virginia ................................ Wisconsin ..................................... Wyoming ....................................... 883 176 1,201 4,688 480 142 1,584 1,399 359 1,324 114 803 159 1,052 4,164 428 123 1,403 1,225 312 1,180 102 11 1 20 73 5 2 17 19 6 15 2 48 11 91 313 34 10 128 105 26 81 6 22 5 39 138 13 6 35 50 16 48 4 84 23 139 476 76 18 145 175 44 169 16 10 2 17 84 7 3 18 28 12 18 3 70 20 111 366 66 14 119 134 30 142 12 4 1 11 26 4 1 8 13 2 9 1 ( 3) ( 3) 70 238 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) 69 28 3 ( ) 5 ( 3) ( 3) 13 45 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) 9 5 3 ( ) 1 733 99 679 408 4,846 600 78 592 333 4,095 10 1 10 9 74 85 13 53 46 467 39 6 26 21 211 215 36 235 136 1,765 24 7 24 15 248 173 26 190 110 1,398 18 3 21 11 119 46 7 37 23 341 13 2 12 4 109 Women Alabama ....................................... Alaska ........................................... Arizona ......................................... Arkansas ....................................... California ...................................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Employed1 Unemployed Full-time workers Part-time workers At work At work2 Population group and State Total 35 hours or more 1 to 34 hours NonecoEconomic nomic reareasons sons Not at work Total Part time Part time for for economic noneconoreasons mic reasons Not at work Looking for Looking for full-time part-time work work Women–Continued Colorado ....................................... Connecticut ................................... Delaware ...................................... District of Columbia ...................... Florida ........................................... 708 560 135 102 2,445 592 479 116 86 2,117 10 3 2 ( 4) 27 77 52 12 12 208 29 26 5 3 92 250 240 43 18 691 18 24 4 4 82 217 195 37 13 566 15 20 3 1 43 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 10 128 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 1 32 Georgia ......................................... Hawaii ........................................... Idaho ............................................. Illinois ............................................ Indiana .......................................... Iowa .............................................. Kansas .......................................... Kentucky ....................................... Louisiana ...................................... Maine ............................................ 1,400 197 182 1,974 984 508 434 634 682 201 1,191 163 149 1,684 818 425 366 523 569 165 15 2 3 14 14 8 5 6 9 3 122 23 20 185 103 51 48 68 73 22 72 9 9 91 48 24 15 36 32 11 340 78 87 719 387 222 179 226 209 93 31 14 7 55 32 18 13 19 35 11 285 58 73 615 327 190 155 189 161 76 24 5 7 48 29 15 11 18 13 7 73 11 12 93 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 44 57 10 19 5 4 35 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 13 9 5 Maryland ....................................... Massachusetts .............................. Michigan ....................................... Minnesota ..................................... Mississippi .................................... Missouri ........................................ Montana ........................................ Nebraska ...................................... Nevada ......................................... New Hampshire ............................ 971 1,035 1,535 790 448 1,020 132 287 296 199 808 869 1,296 655 384 843 108 243 254 166 9 9 17 8 7 12 3 4 5 2 110 105 138 97 33 121 16 27 23 22 44 52 84 30 24 44 6 13 14 10 306 457 686 381 112 319 70 123 80 88 42 30 55 32 15 21 9 8 11 8 245 392 584 320 89 272 55 105 64 76 20 35 47 29 8 25 6 9 5 5 52 38 68 3 ( ) 37 ( 3) 8 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) 16 18 31 3 ( ) 5 ( 3) 2 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) New Jersey ................................... New Mexico .................................. New York ...................................... North Carolina .............................. North Dakota ................................ Ohio .............................................. Oklahoma ..................................... Oregon .......................................... Pennsylvania ................................ Rhode Island ................................ 1,353 248 2,798 1,377 110 1,805 523 501 1,842 164 1,143 208 2,366 1,179 88 1,530 442 422 1,561 132 11 3 23 24 1 19 7 10 22 2 136 25 276 124 15 158 51 51 180 20 63 12 134 50 5 97 24 19 80 10 496 101 1,028 353 50 739 181 228 824 68 49 14 130 28 4 54 16 28 87 9 415 78 835 300 42 632 150 183 677 54 32 9 63 24 4 53 14 17 60 6 78 19 198 57 ( 3) 91 ( 3) 34 96 9 21 5 71 12 ( 3) 38 ( 3) 10 45 4 South Carolina .............................. South Dakota ................................ Tennessee .................................... Texas ............................................ Utah .............................................. Vermont ........................................ Virginia .......................................... Washington ................................... West Virginia ................................ Wisconsin ..................................... Wyoming ....................................... 684 126 959 3,241 293 101 1,198 871 247 920 74 595 104 806 2,726 248 85 1,010 725 205 766 63 8 1 17 35 4 1 13 12 4 15 1 50 15 95 322 30 11 125 95 23 105 6 31 5 41 158 11 4 50 39 15 34 3 176 55 264 944 158 52 344 401 99 409 34 20 3 23 98 12 5 43 45 16 34 4 143 48 217 773 135 43 277 326 74 348 26 13 4 24 73 11 4 24 30 8 26 3 45 ( 3) 51 190 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 17 ( 3) 3 7 ( 3) 12 57 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 5 ( 3) 3 44 7 47 23 180 37 17 36 5 39 20 144 30 15 2 1 2 1 11 2 4 ( ) 5 1 6 2 19 4 2 1 67 9 75 39 405 72 71 3 1 4 2 37 5 4 60 7 68 35 354 65 61 3 1 3 1 13 2 6 ( 3) 2 ( 3) 3 ( ) 66 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) 2 ( 3) 3 ( ) 86 ( 3) 3 ( ) Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Alabama ....................................... Alaska ........................................... Arizona ......................................... Arkansas ....................................... California ...................................... Colorado ....................................... Connecticut ................................... See footnotes at end of table. ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 1 6 1 Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Employed1 Unemployed Full-time workers Part-time workers At work At work2 Population group and State Total 35 hours or more 1 to 34 hours NonecoEconomic nomic reareasons sons Not at work Total Part time Part time for for economic noneconoreasons mic reasons Not at work Looking for Looking for full-time part-time work work Both sexes, 16 to 19 years–Continued Delaware ...................................... District of Columbia ...................... Florida ........................................... 8 1 112 6 1 94 Georgia ......................................... Hawaii ........................................... Idaho ............................................. Illinois ............................................ Indiana .......................................... Iowa .............................................. Kansas .......................................... Kentucky ....................................... Louisiana ...................................... Maine ............................................ 74 5 16 106 53 25 28 32 34 12 60 5 14 90 46 20 25 26 27 10 Maryland ....................................... Massachusetts .............................. Michigan ....................................... Minnesota ..................................... Mississippi .................................... Missouri ........................................ Montana ........................................ Nebraska ...................................... Nevada ......................................... New Hampshire ............................ 31 39 90 47 17 57 8 18 26 9 25 31 75 38 14 47 6 15 22 8 New Jersey ................................... New Mexico .................................. New York ...................................... North Carolina .............................. North Dakota ................................ Ohio .............................................. Oklahoma ..................................... Oregon .......................................... Pennsylvania ................................ Rhode Island ................................ 47 15 93 70 8 93 30 30 86 7 40 13 78 55 7 72 23 26 72 6 South Carolina .............................. South Dakota ................................ Tennessee .................................... Texas ............................................ Utah .............................................. Vermont ........................................ Virginia .......................................... Washington ................................... West Virginia ................................ Wisconsin ..................................... Wyoming ....................................... 35 12 56 173 30 6 51 52 9 55 5 30 10 46 141 27 5 42 43 7 46 4 1,316 202 1,556 803 9,835 1,603 1,129 226 1,129 166 1,380 680 8,535 1,382 992 198 ( 4) ( 4) 5 ( 4) 3 1 4 2 1 1 1 2 1 ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 1 2 4 2 1 3 1 1 2 1 4 3 4 1 1 3 2 3 7 1 3 1 4 1 ( 4) 9 10 ( 4) 1 9 4 3 2 4 4 1 4 5 9 5 2 6 1 2 2 1 4 2 9 7 1 14 5 3 9 1 3 1 6 20 2 ( 4) 7 6 1 5 4 ( ) ( 4) ( 4) 11 3 190 1 ( 4) 14 10 2 168 1 ( 4) 8 ( 3) ( 3) 21 ( 3) ( 3) 28 131 15 31 227 117 70 67 71 58 23 10 2 3 13 5 1 4 6 6 3 115 12 28 205 109 66 59 60 50 18 6 1 1 8 2 3 4 4 2 1 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 23 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 32 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 77 121 224 144 35 90 15 44 24 23 3 8 12 8 2 6 2 3 2 1 71 108 205 130 32 78 13 39 20 22 2 6 6 6 2 5 1 2 1 4 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 125 22 232 129 18 215 53 57 216 19 8 3 17 6 1 16 4 6 21 1 113 18 205 121 16 189 45 48 186 17 4 1 9 3 1 11 4 3 9 1 ( 3) ( 3) 45 ( 3) 3 ( ) 30 ( 3) 3 ( ) 27 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 43 ( 3) 3 ( ) 28 ( 3) 3 ( ) 34 ( 3) 1 6 1 ( 4) 4 ( ) ( 4) ( 4) 1 ( 4) 56 18 77 280 64 13 85 101 22 130 12 2 1 9 24 4 1 7 9 3 6 1 51 17 64 245 57 11 71 89 17 121 10 3 1 4 10 3 1 6 2 2 4 1 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 67 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) 7 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 54 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) 5 ( 3) 3 ( ) 55 12 45 33 337 60 47 8 248 44 336 174 2,353 350 297 52 18 7 37 14 389 32 29 5 211 33 277 147 1,814 299 242 44 19 4 22 13 150 20 26 3 40 15 68 32 617 ( 3) 50 ( 3) 12 3 17 7 161 3 ( ) 15 ( 3) 4 ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 3 1 2 ( 4) ( 4) White Alabama ....................................... Alaska ........................................... Arizona ......................................... Arkansas ....................................... California ...................................... Colorado ....................................... Connecticut ................................... Delaware ...................................... See footnotes at end of table. 14 4 25 14 179 20 6 3 119 20 106 75 783 141 84 18 Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Employed1 Unemployed Full-time workers Part-time workers At work At work2 Population group and State Total 35 hours or more 1 to 34 hours NonecoEconomic nomic reareasons sons Not at work Total Part time Part time for for economic noneconoreasons mic reasons Not at work Looking for Looking for full-time part-time work work White–Continued District of Columbia ...................... Florida ........................................... 87 4,789 73 4,243 1 66 11 326 3 155 12 934 2 101 9 773 1 60 ( 3) 191 ( 3) 47 Georgia ......................................... Hawaii ........................................... Idaho ............................................. Illinois ............................................ Indiana .......................................... Iowa .............................................. Kansas .......................................... Kentucky ....................................... Louisiana ...................................... Maine ............................................ 2,251 122 460 4,033 2,268 1,164 953 1,385 1,148 486 1,973 101 393 3,531 1,944 1,005 824 1,181 990 413 24 2 10 46 30 18 10 16 16 9 172 13 38 305 198 96 91 119 97 43 82 6 20 152 96 46 28 69 46 21 364 37 126 909 500 300 243 289 222 129 27 7 12 78 41 22 20 27 21 17 307 27 105 773 430 257 208 237 187 103 30 3 9 58 29 21 15 24 14 8 62 ( 3) 26 139 69 ( 3) 29 71 48 26 16 ( 3) 7 44 19 ( 3) 12 20 9 8 Maryland ....................................... Massachusetts .............................. Michigan ....................................... Minnesota ..................................... Mississippi .................................... Missouri ........................................ Montana ........................................ Nebraska ...................................... Nevada ......................................... New Hampshire ............................ 1,564 2,303 3,294 1,895 681 2,085 314 665 641 485 1,349 1,987 2,884 1,630 606 1,774 264 582 568 419 16 22 41 21 8 30 7 8 11 4 142 196 230 181 43 204 30 52 39 41 57 98 139 63 24 77 13 23 22 20 368 605 858 525 116 418 92 169 108 122 47 50 73 49 8 29 12 12 15 11 296 509 732 438 102 359 73 146 85 103 24 46 52 37 6 29 8 11 8 7 53 88 117 ( 3) ( 3) 76 16 3 ( ) 25 ( 3) 17 24 41 ( 3) ( 3) 21 4 3 ( ) 3 ( 3) New Jersey ................................... New Mexico .................................. New York ...................................... North Carolina .............................. North Dakota ................................ Ohio .............................................. Oklahoma ..................................... Oregon .......................................... Pennsylvania ................................ Rhode Island ................................ 2,663 554 5,293 2,424 257 3,911 1,067 1,219 4,063 355 2,323 476 4,624 2,139 219 3,419 920 1,044 3,522 300 24 10 45 45 3 41 14 29 47 5 212 45 402 166 26 287 93 99 342 34 104 22 222 75 9 162 39 47 152 16 600 138 1,257 439 70 944 235 306 1,091 92 56 21 155 29 6 86 23 41 131 12 503 106 1,025 377 58 799 193 244 885 73 41 11 77 32 5 60 19 21 74 7 121 36 272 66 ( 3) 164 34 76 184 18 31 8 76 15 ( 3) 49 10 17 61 5 South Carolina .............................. South Dakota ................................ Tennessee .................................... Texas ............................................ Utah .............................................. Vermont ........................................ Virginia .......................................... Washington ................................... West Virginia ................................ Wisconsin ..................................... Wyoming ....................................... 1,153 287 1,725 6,767 736 239 2,149 2,066 590 2,122 184 1,042 250 1,475 5,871 644 204 1,869 1,777 503 1,840 161 11 3 32 95 9 4 24 29 10 28 3 65 24 153 548 61 21 193 180 47 176 4 ( ) 34 10 66 254 23 10 63 80 30 78 7 194 74 333 1,211 227 69 395 533 139 552 48 13 5 27 139 17 8 39 68 27 46 7 169 65 276 987 195 56 328 425 101 470 37 11 4 30 85 15 5 28 39 11 35 4 ( 3) ( 3) 85 328 3 ( ) 9 ( 3) 103 42 65 8 ( 3) ( 3) 14 83 3 ( ) 3 ( 3) 26 9 21 4 407 8 62 127 733 55 152 68 116 764 330 7 57 105 631 46 140 61 100 666 9 42 1 4 14 59 6 6 4 12 56 25 ( 4) 1 4 34 2 5 2 4 29 72 1 13 23 131 13 33 9 17 130 16 ( 4) 3 7 35 4 10 1 6 31 49 1 9 15 89 9 21 6 10 93 7 48 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) 99 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) 16 76 9 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) 17 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) 2 17 Black Alabama ....................................... Alaska ........................................... Arizona ......................................... Arkansas ....................................... California ...................................... Colorado ....................................... Connecticut ................................... Delaware ...................................... District of Columbia ...................... Florida ........................................... See footnotes at end of table. ( 4) 1 3 10 1 2 1 1 12 ( 4) ( 4) 1 1 8 2 1 1 6 Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Employed1 Unemployed Full-time workers Part-time workers At work At work2 Population group and State Total 35 hours or more 1 to 34 hours NonecoEconomic nomic reareasons sons Not at work Total Part time Part time for for economic noneconoreasons mic reasons Not at work Looking for Looking for full-time part-time work work Black–Continued Georgia ......................................... Hawaii ........................................... Illinois ............................................ Indiana .......................................... Iowa .............................................. Kansas .......................................... Kentucky ....................................... Louisiana ...................................... 937 9 597 159 26 62 113 418 820 8 527 150 21 55 96 351 16 ( 4) 3 1 1 1 2 6 59 1 40 5 3 5 10 41 41 ( 4) 26 4 1 2 5 20 121 1 115 31 9 14 22 79 26 ( 4) 30 5 1 3 4 27 89 1 81 23 7 11 17 46 Maryland ....................................... Massachusetts .............................. Michigan ....................................... Minnesota ..................................... Mississippi .................................... Missouri ........................................ Nebraska ...................................... Nevada ......................................... New Hampshire ............................ 544 115 427 48 332 200 20 42 5 447 100 370 41 281 163 18 36 5 7 1 9 61 9 31 6 28 24 2 3 4 ( ) 29 4 18 2 15 11 1 2 4 ( ) 75 21 79 13 49 30 3 6 2 19 4 12 3 15 5 1 1 ( 4) 54 15 61 9 30 21 2 5 2 New Jersey ................................... New Mexico .................................. New York ...................................... North Carolina .............................. Ohio .............................................. Oklahoma ..................................... Oregon .......................................... Pennsylvania ................................ Rhode Island ................................ 451 9 1,009 627 428 90 22 350 20 389 8 868 563 354 77 20 305 16 37 ( 4) 87 39 42 7 1 28 3 20 ( 4) 46 15 25 4 ( 4) 13 1 73 3 190 90 78 19 5 66 5 20 1 59 15 19 5 1 19 1 50 2 124 69 55 13 4 42 3 South Carolina .............................. South Dakota ................................ Tennessee .................................... Texas ............................................ Utah .............................................. Virginia .......................................... West Virginia ................................ Wisconsin ..................................... Wyoming ....................................... 401 3 412 869 5 541 12 80 2 344 3 362 754 5 463 10 69 1 31 ( 4) 31 71 4 ( ) 54 1 8 4 ( ) 18 ( 4) 14 33 4 ( ) 19 1 3 4 ( ) 64 1 68 168 1 82 3 16 1 17 ( 4) 13 40 4 ( ) 20 ( 4) 5 ( 4) 41 1 50 116 1 60 2 11 1 Alabama ....................................... Alaska ........................................... Arizona ......................................... Arkansas ....................................... California ...................................... Colorado ....................................... Connecticut ................................... Delaware ...................................... District of Columbia ...................... Florida ........................................... 15 5 433 19 3,323 220 83 8 14 991 13 4 394 16 2,905 187 73 7 12 873 ( 4) ( 4) 12 1 95 3 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 18 1 ( 4) 20 2 234 19 6 1 1 72 1 1 7 ( 4) 89 11 3 ( 4) 4 ( ) 27 2 1 90 2 667 45 18 2 2 155 ( 4) ( 4) 22 1 199 6 6 4 ( ) 1 37 2 1 64 1 435 36 10 2 1 112 ( 4) ( 4) Georgia ......................................... Hawaii ........................................... Idaho ............................................. Illinois ............................................ Indiana .......................................... Iowa .............................................. Kansas .......................................... 66 10 35 436 49 17 45 59 8 30 393 48 15 37 1 3 1 2 22 1 1 6 3 1 2 13 1 1 2 10 4 4 58 6 4 9 1 1 1 13 3 1 2 9 2 4 43 4 3 6 ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 7 2 4 8 11 7 1 4 ( ) 4 ( 4) ( 4) 7 5 10 ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 6 1 1 6 81 ( 3) 78 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 58 2 1 5 1 4 4 1 ( 4) 4 ( ) 61 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 43 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 2 47 ( 3) 154 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 46 ( 3) 8 ( 3) 31 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) 11 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 89 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 15 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 318 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 62 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 71 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) 10 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 7 4 3 7 6 4 1 4 5 4 11 ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 3 15 ( 3) 16 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 6 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 8 6 Hispanic origin See footnotes at end of table. ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 2 9 1 4 ( 4) 33 2 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 7 ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 2 Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Employed1 Unemployed Full-time workers Part-time workers At work At work2 Population group and State Total 35 hours or more 1 to 34 hours Total 1 4 1 3 4 7 ( 4) 2 3 5 1 ( 4) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 6 7 8 3 2 2 1 1 5 1 3 3 5 1 1 1 ( 4) 1 2 ( 4) 20 20 22 16 3 9 2 4 11 1 7 4 4 5 1 1 ( 4) 1 3 ( 4) 12 15 17 10 2 7 2 3 6 ( 4) 1 2 2 1 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 1 1 7 2 1 25 20 59 7 4 ( ) 4 3 5 8 1 7 10 27 2 4 ( ) 2 1 3 4 ( 4) 69 53 169 9 1 10 4 16 19 2 11 13 43 2 4 ( ) 2 ( 4) 4 2 1 55 37 118 6 1 7 3 11 16 1 32 20 91 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 8 4 16 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 51 1 4 ( ) 3 1 1 4 ( ) 1 ( 4) 1 167 4 ( 4) 4 9 3 1 ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 75 2 4 ( ) 2 4 1 1 3 ( 4) 3 374 6 1 16 21 8 2 1 ( 4) 1 79 1 ( 4) 4 4 1 4 ( ) 2 ( 4) 2 275 4 ( 4) 11 15 6 1 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 180 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 32 ( 3) 3 ( ) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) NonecoEconomic nomic reareasons sons Part time Part time for for economic noneconoreasons mic reasons Not at work Looking for Looking for full-time part-time work work Not at work Hispanic origin–Continued Kentucky ....................................... Louisiana ...................................... 15 37 13 30 Maryland ....................................... Massachusetts .............................. Michigan ....................................... Minnesota ..................................... Mississippi .................................... Missouri ........................................ Montana ........................................ Nebraska ...................................... Nevada ......................................... New Hampshire ............................ 99 97 101 39 18 35 6 24 97 7 89 87 85 35 15 32 4 21 87 6 New Jersey ................................... New Mexico .................................. New York ...................................... North Carolina .............................. North Dakota ................................ Ohio .............................................. Oklahoma ..................................... Oregon .......................................... Pennsylvania ................................ Rhode Island ................................ 351 230 875 92 2 64 35 105 92 22 315 195 780 79 1 56 30 91 78 19 South Carolina .............................. South Dakota ................................ Tennessee .................................... Texas ............................................ Utah .............................................. Vermont ........................................ Virginia .......................................... Washington ................................... Wisconsin ..................................... Wyoming ....................................... 27 3 26 2,145 54 1 88 105 59 10 25 2 24 1,853 49 1 79 91 53 8 ( 4) 1 ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 1 1 3 1 1 3 4 6 8 5 1 Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on their usual weekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are at work during the reference week. Persons absent from work are classified according to their usual status. 2 Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their reason for working part time. 3 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 1 3 3 8 1 1 ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 19 ( 4) 4 ( ) ( 4) 2 1 4 ( ) in that area. See appendix B. 4 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed. NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Managerial and professional specialty Employment status and State Total Technical, sales, and administrative support Executive, Professi- Techniadministraoncians and tive, and al sperelated managerial cialty support Sales Operators, fabricators, and laborers Precision Farming, Handlers, Service Administraproduction, Machine forestry, Transpor- equipment occupative supcraft, and operators, and tation and cleaners, tions port, inassemrepair fishing helpers, material cluding blers, and moving and laborclerical inspectors ers CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Alabama ................................. Alaska ..................................... Arizona ................................... Arkansas ................................. California ................................ Colorado ................................. Connecticut ............................. Delaware ................................ District of Columbia ................ Florida ..................................... 2,164 315 2,159 1,205 15,862 2,155 1,718 379 256 7,079 241 49 293 135 2,395 357 274 61 54 1,019 277 49 285 132 2,441 328 269 54 60 918 65 13 73 34 480 84 61 15 10 221 286 32 281 128 2,005 287 216 42 19 1,023 275 45 332 145 2,195 309 252 64 39 1,048 263 45 320 174 2,098 278 239 55 46 1,107 258 35 245 150 1,593 229 166 36 10 766 211 7 103 126 916 76 99 18 3 251 111 13 74 70 550 76 51 17 8 284 113 17 80 65 607 78 63 13 6 274 63 10 73 44 575 2 ( ) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 166 Georgia ................................... Hawaii ..................................... Idaho ....................................... Illinois ...................................... Indiana .................................... Iowa ........................................ Kansas .................................... Kentucky ................................. Louisiana ................................ Maine ...................................... 3,892 588 632 6,103 3,088 1,574 1,364 1,920 2,009 658 580 77 71 877 388 175 204 260 236 87 524 76 82 880 392 200 204 253 247 86 124 14 18 160 94 58 ( 2) 63 72 15 459 78 68 770 352 188 152 222 236 74 533 92 79 929 419 210 192 251 281 90 475 121 90 822 375 219 191 251 321 90 451 59 82 631 389 156 141 215 247 86 282 13 36 412 318 108 77 148 114 45 196 20 31 269 138 83 49 110 120 28 188 19 32 259 162 79 50 99 90 29 78 21 43 92 ( 2) 98 65 47 44 28 Maryland ................................. Massachusetts ........................ Michigan ................................. Minnesota ............................... Mississippi .............................. Missouri .................................. Montana .................................. Nebraska ................................ Nevada ................................... New Hampshire ...................... 2,781 3,250 4,971 2,619 1,258 2,874 453 905 882 644 452 515 604 397 130 334 59 110 127 90 547 599 715 364 171 422 63 113 100 103 107 106 173 84 38 100 10 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 337 353 578 314 143 354 55 104 119 80 413 487 672 342 162 420 58 124 119 90 375 437 651 363 165 364 71 128 186 79 252 332 570 300 163 345 47 91 99 85 83 176 492 130 124 179 14 49 23 46 80 99 199 103 76 121 21 ( 2) 36 ( 2) 84 107 221 102 56 124 19 38 36 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 94 120 32 110 37 85 ( 2) ( 2) New Jersey ............................. New Mexico ............................ New York ................................ North Carolina ........................ North Dakota .......................... Ohio ........................................ Oklahoma ............................... Oregon .................................... Pennsylvania .......................... Rhode Island .......................... 4,180 817 8,750 3,834 347 5,690 1,596 1,728 5,957 503 637 105 1,264 465 38 740 206 219 827 67 634 126 1,377 491 42 778 213 233 902 81 151 32 265 126 ( 2) 205 48 43 180 18 577 102 1,019 438 45 661 178 208 681 58 661 104 1,351 496 45 769 242 215 850 71 558 133 1,450 446 52 837 220 249 855 75 367 98 818 516 30 632 188 199 625 53 225 21 443 406 ( 2) 457 87 121 392 40 174 38 318 179 18 242 68 79 266 14 149 29 307 167 ( 2) 257 76 88 282 18 45 28 137 104 44 111 68 75 97 ( 2) South Carolina ........................ South Dakota .......................... Tennessee .............................. Texas ...................................... Utah ........................................ Vermont .................................. Virginia .................................... Washington ............................. West Virginia .......................... Wisconsin ............................... Wyoming ................................. 1,904 392 2,699 9,824 1,039 325 3,395 2,984 796 2,923 250 213 44 365 1,269 137 43 537 474 86 376 29 252 49 327 1,407 152 53 557 460 107 416 34 60 ( 2) 86 307 34 ( 2) 96 104 31 96 6 220 47 324 1,240 131 40 408 370 99 315 28 235 46 344 1,377 170 43 473 382 109 403 29 239 63 338 1,372 122 45 440 367 117 365 42 275 42 318 1,175 133 37 355 305 104 309 30 188 23 247 493 50 19 168 132 38 264 8 83 15 137 453 38 12 144 125 47 138 17 96 16 133 399 43 11 137 145 41 138 10 ( 2) 36 79 332 2 ( ) 13 ( 2) 121 17 101 17 2,064 291 2,065 1,147 14,966 2,088 239 48 287 134 2,339 349 274 48 280 129 2,373 323 63 12 71 34 464 83 269 30 261 121 1,896 275 268 43 317 140 2,083 297 236 40 303 162 1,936 267 248 31 235 144 1,483 222 196 6 97 118 849 74 106 11 72 67 507 72 103 14 75 55 527 72 62 9 66 42 509 2 ( ) EMPLOYED Alabama ................................. Alaska ..................................... Arizona ................................... Arkansas ................................. California ................................ Colorado ................................. See footnotes at end of table. Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Managerial and professional specialty Employment status and State Total Technical, sales, and administrative support Executive, Professi- Techniadministraoncians and tive, and al sperelated managerial cialty support Sales Operators, fabricators, and laborers Precision Farming, Handlers, Service Administraproduction, Machine forestry, Transpor- equipment occupative supcraft, and operators, and tation and cleaners, tions port, inassemrepair fishing helpers, material cluding blers, and moving and laborclerical inspectors ers EMPLOYED–Continued Connecticut ............................. 1,635 Delaware ................................ 364 District of Columbia ................ 237 Florida ..................................... 6,768 269 60 52 997 266 53 58 900 61 14 10 215 208 40 17 974 238 61 36 1,006 222 52 40 1,043 155 35 9 732 92 16 2 ( ) 236 46 16 7 268 54 12 4 245 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 153 Georgia ................................... Hawaii ..................................... Idaho ....................................... Illinois ...................................... Indiana .................................... Iowa ........................................ Kansas .................................... Kentucky ................................. Louisiana ................................ Maine ...................................... 3,730 554 600 5,842 2,985 1,526 1,315 1,824 1,900 623 571 75 70 860 384 173 202 257 232 85 515 73 80 863 385 198 201 248 241 84 122 13 17 155 92 57 ( 2) 60 70 14 435 74 65 736 339 182 144 208 220 70 518 88 75 900 410 205 186 242 271 86 439 113 83 770 355 208 180 233 295 84 436 52 79 602 378 151 135 201 235 81 264 12 33 383 303 104 73 137 105 43 188 18 28 258 134 79 47 106 114 27 170 16 29 227 146 73 45 88 79 26 72 19 41 87 ( 2) 96 63 44 38 24 Maryland ................................. Massachusetts ........................ Michigan ................................. Minnesota ............................... Mississippi .............................. Missouri .................................. Montana .................................. Nebraska ................................ Nevada ................................... New Hampshire ...................... 2,648 3,129 4,776 2,539 1,193 2,765 430 883 847 625 441 503 594 394 128 329 57 109 124 89 534 589 707 361 169 412 61 111 98 101 103 102 167 80 36 99 9 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 319 336 556 305 135 343 53 101 114 78 392 471 652 335 155 411 56 122 115 88 349 420 614 343 153 341 66 121 177 75 241 313 549 289 153 332 44 90 94 82 73 168 461 123 112 169 12 47 23 45 75 92 189 99 72 111 19 ( 2) 33 ( 2) 76 98 200 92 50 112 16 35 33 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 86 117 28 108 35 84 ( 2) ( 2) New Jersey ............................. New Mexico ............................ New York ................................ North Carolina ........................ North Dakota .......................... Ohio ........................................ Oklahoma ............................... Oregon .................................... Pennsylvania .......................... Rhode Island .......................... 3,978 769 8,243 3,705 339 5,448 1,534 1,631 5,673 478 623 102 1,222 456 38 723 203 214 812 65 618 123 1,338 483 42 764 211 226 886 81 147 32 257 123 ( 2) 203 47 42 175 18 552 97 952 422 44 630 169 199 648 56 624 101 1,278 487 44 747 233 204 816 67 520 121 1,340 422 50 793 208 229 794 69 346 90 768 499 29 602 179 187 596 50 212 19 403 382 ( 2) 429 83 112 368 36 159 34 298 174 17 229 66 74 254 13 133 24 264 155 ( 2) 224 70 76 242 16 43 25 123 101 43 104 67 68 83 ( 2) South Carolina ........................ South Dakota .......................... Tennessee .............................. Texas ...................................... Utah ........................................ Vermont .................................. Virginia .................................... Washington ............................. West Virginia .......................... Wisconsin ............................... Wyoming ................................. 1,826 381 2,562 9,350 1,008 313 3,271 2,846 749 2,821 238 211 44 361 1,246 135 42 533 468 85 371 29 247 48 321 1,375 149 52 545 453 105 406 33 59 ( 2) 86 303 34 ( 2) 95 101 31 94 6 210 47 306 1,169 128 39 388 349 92 306 26 226 45 335 1,321 167 42 460 368 104 390 28 222 60 312 1,266 116 43 417 337 109 347 38 269 40 297 1,112 128 35 342 292 97 301 29 173 22 227 460 48 19 158 122 34 254 7 80 14 128 436 36 12 136 117 44 131 16 90 15 115 348 40 10 123 134 34 124 9 ( 2) 36 75 314 ( 2) 12 ( 2) 105 15 97 16 100 24 94 58 896 67 82 15 19 310 2 2 6 2 56 7 5 1 2 22 3 1 5 2 67 5 3 1 2 19 1 1 2 17 2 21 8 109 12 8 2 3 49 8 2 15 5 113 12 14 3 3 42 27 5 16 11 161 11 18 3 6 64 10 4 10 6 110 7 11 1 1 34 14 1 6 9 67 2 6 2 ( 2) 15 5 1 2 3 43 3 4 1 ( 3) 16 10 3 5 10 81 5 9 1 1 28 2 1 6 2 67 2 ( ) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 13 UNEMPLOYED Alabama ................................. Alaska ..................................... Arizona ................................... Arkansas ................................. California ................................ Colorado ................................. Connecticut ............................. Delaware ................................ District of Columbia ................ Florida ..................................... See footnotes at end of table. ( 3) 16 1 1 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 6 Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Managerial and professional specialty Employment status and State Total Technical, sales, and administrative support Executive, Professi- Techniadministraoncians and tive, and al sperelated managerial cialty support Sales Operators, fabricators, and laborers Precision Farming, Handlers, Service Administraproduction, Machine forestry, Transpor- equipment occupative supcraft, and operators, and tation and cleaners, tions port, inassemrepair fishing helpers, material cluding blers, and moving and laborclerical inspectors ers UNEMPLOYED–Continued Georgia ................................... Hawaii ..................................... Idaho ....................................... Illinois ...................................... Indiana .................................... Iowa ........................................ Kansas .................................... Kentucky ................................. Louisiana ................................ Maine ...................................... 162 34 32 262 103 48 49 95 108 34 9 2 1 17 4 2 2 3 4 2 9 3 2 17 7 2 3 4 5 2 Maryland ................................. Massachusetts ........................ Michigan ................................. Minnesota ............................... Mississippi .............................. Missouri .................................. Montana .................................. Nebraska ................................ Nevada ................................... New Hampshire ...................... 133 121 195 80 65 109 23 22 35 20 11 12 10 3 2 5 1 1 3 1 13 10 9 3 2 9 2 2 2 2 New Jersey ............................. New Mexico ............................ New York ................................ North Carolina ........................ North Dakota .......................... Ohio ........................................ Oklahoma ............................... Oregon .................................... Pennsylvania .......................... Rhode Island .......................... 202 48 507 129 8 242 62 97 285 25 14 3 42 9 ( 3) 16 4 5 15 2 16 3 40 8 ( 3) 14 2 7 17 ( 3) South Carolina ........................ South Dakota .......................... Tennessee .............................. Texas ...................................... Utah ........................................ Vermont .................................. Virginia .................................... Washington ............................. West Virginia .......................... Wisconsin ............................... Wyoming ................................. 78 11 137 474 31 12 124 138 47 102 12 2 1 4 23 2 1 5 6 1 5 ( 3) 5 1 7 32 3 1 12 7 2 10 ( 3) Alabama ................................. Alaska ..................................... Arizona ................................... Arkansas ................................. California ................................ Colorado ................................. Connecticut ............................. Delaware ................................ District of Columbia ................ Florida ..................................... 4.6 7.5 4.2 4.8 5.7 3.1 4.8 3.9 7.3 4.4 1.0 3.8 1.9 1.2 2.4 2.1 1.8 1.9 3.1 2.2 1.0 2.4 1.6 1.9 2.8 1.5 1.1 1.5 3.0 2.1 Georgia ................................... Hawaii ..................................... Idaho ....................................... Illinois ...................................... 4.2 5.8 5.0 4.3 1.6 2.7 1.5 2.0 1.6 3.4 2.5 1.9 24 4 3 34 12 6 8 14 16 3 15 3 4 29 9 5 6 9 10 4 36 8 7 52 20 11 11 18 27 7 15 7 3 29 11 5 6 15 11 5 18 1 3 29 14 4 4 11 9 2 8 1 3 11 4 5 1 4 7 1 18 2 3 31 17 5 5 11 11 4 4 4 6 3 1 1 18 18 22 9 8 12 2 3 5 2 21 16 20 7 6 10 3 1 4 2 27 17 37 20 12 24 5 7 9 4 12 19 21 11 9 13 3 1 5 2 10 8 30 7 12 9 1 2 ( 3) 1 5 6 10 4 4 9 2 ( 2) 3 ( 2) 8 9 20 10 6 13 2 3 3 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 4 26 5 67 16 ( 3) 31 9 9 33 2 38 4 72 9 1 23 10 11 34 4 37 12 110 24 2 44 12 20 61 5 21 8 50 16 1 30 9 11 29 3 13 2 41 23 ( 2) 28 4 8 25 4 14 4 20 5 1 13 3 5 12 1 16 5 43 11 ( 2) 33 6 12 39 2 2 3 15 3 1 7 2 7 14 ( 2) 10 1 18 71 4 2 20 22 7 9 1 9 1 9 56 3 1 12 14 5 13 1 17 3 27 106 6 3 23 30 8 18 4 7 2 21 63 5 2 13 12 7 8 2 15 1 20 32 2 1 10 10 4 10 ( 3) 3 1 9 17 1 1 8 8 4 7 1 6 1 18 51 3 1 14 12 7 15 1 ( 2) 1 5 18 ( 2) 1 ( 2) 16 2 4 1 2.2 5.9 2.1 .6 3.4 .6 1.1 2.0 1.2 2.8 5.9 7.2 7.1 6.0 5.4 4.1 3.9 5.3 12.8 4.8 2.7 4.4 4.4 3.3 5.1 3.8 5.6 4.0 8.7 4.1 10.4 11.4 5.0 6.5 7.7 4.0 7.5 5.7 13.2 5.8 3.9 10.1 4.1 3.7 6.9 2.9 6.6 3.1 10.6 4.4 6.9 15.1 6.0 6.7 7.4 2.6 6.2 9.3 8.7 6.1 4.3 11.5 2.2 4.6 7.9 4.4 8.4 3.8 5.7 5.8 8.9 18.3 6.2 14.9 13.3 6.7 14.7 8.0 22.7 10.4 2.7 12.7 8.3 4.6 11.6 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 7.6 1.7 2.9 1.5 3.3 5.2 5.4 4.4 4.4 2.9 3.5 4.6 3.1 7.6 6.3 7.3 6.3 3.4 12.0 4.0 4.6 6.5 6.8 7.5 7.1 3.9 6.9 9.5 4.0 9.7 12.7 10.5 12.1 7.8 11.5 6.4 5.6 ( 3) ( 3) ( 2) 2 5 2 1 3 1 1 ( 3) ( 3) ( 2) ( 2) ( 3) ( 2) ( 3) ( 2) ( 3) ( 3) ( 2) ( 3) ( 3) 8 4 2 1 2 6 2 5 1 3 1 6 2 3 5 2 ( ) 2 2 3 6 3 8 4 4 3 2 1 ( 2) ( 2) UNEMPLOYMENT RATE See footnotes at end of table. Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Managerial and professional specialty Employment status and State Total Technical, sales, and administrative support Executive, Professi- Techniadministraoncians and tive, and al sperelated managerial cialty support Sales Operators, fabricators, and laborers Precision Farming, Handlers, Service Administraproduction, Machine forestry, Transpor- equipment occupative supcraft, and operators, and tation and cleaners, tions port, inassemrepair fishing helpers, material cluding blers, and moving and laborclerical inspectors ers UNEMPLOYMENT RATE–Continued Indiana .................................... Iowa ........................................ Kansas .................................... Kentucky ................................. Louisiana ................................ Maine ...................................... 3.3 3.0 3.6 5.0 5.4 5.2 1.0 1.1 .9 1.2 1.7 2.1 1.8 .9 1.4 1.8 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.0 ( 2) 4.7 1.7 6.0 3.5 3.2 5.3 6.1 6.8 4.2 2.2 2.3 3.0 3.7 3.6 4.3 5.2 5.1 6.0 7.1 8.4 7.3 2.9 3.4 4.4 6.8 4.6 5.9 4.5 3.6 4.9 7.5 8.0 4.7 3.1 5.5 2.8 3.7 5.7 4.1 10.3 6.6 10.0 11.2 12.1 12.1 ( 2) 2.5 3.6 5.4 14.8 12.3 Maryland ................................. Massachusetts ........................ Michigan ................................. Minnesota ............................... Mississippi .............................. Missouri .................................. Montana .................................. Nebraska ................................ Nevada ................................... New Hampshire ...................... 4.8 3.7 4.0 3.0 5.1 3.8 5.1 2.4 3.9 3.0 2.5 2.3 1.7 .6 1.4 1.5 2.1 1.0 2.4 .6 2.3 1.6 1.2 .9 1.3 2.2 2.9 1.5 1.5 1.8 4.1 3.8 3.4 3.9 3.2 1.4 1.0 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 5.4 5.0 3.8 2.9 5.3 3.3 3.3 2.7 3.8 3.0 5.2 3.2 3.0 2.0 3.9 2.3 4.3 1.2 3.5 2.6 7.2 3.8 5.9 5.4 7.3 6.5 7.3 5.4 4.8 5.2 4.6 5.6 3.8 3.8 5.8 3.9 6.6 1.4 5.1 2.7 12.0 4.6 6.3 5.1 9.3 5.2 8.4 3.1 .9 2.1 6.2 6.4 5.0 3.7 4.7 7.8 8.5 ( 2) 7.0 ( 2) 9.3 8.3 9.4 9.5 10.0 10.1 12.6 7.8 9.5 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 8.3 3.0 11.5 2.4 5.5 1.5 ( 2) ( 2) New Jersey ............................. New Mexico ............................ New York ................................ North Carolina ........................ North Dakota .......................... Ohio ........................................ Oklahoma ............................... Oregon .................................... Pennsylvania .......................... Rhode Island .......................... 4.9 5.8 5.8 3.4 2.4 4.2 3.9 5.6 4.8 4.9 2.3 2.8 3.3 1.9 .7 2.2 1.8 2.4 1.8 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.9 1.7 1.1 1.8 1.1 3.1 1.8 .5 2.7 .9 2.8 2.8 ( 2) 1.0 2.8 4.1 3.1 .2 4.5 5.4 6.5 3.6 .8 4.7 4.9 4.5 4.8 3.6 5.7 3.4 5.3 1.8 1.8 2.9 4.0 4.9 4.0 5.0 6.7 8.7 7.6 5.3 3.9 5.3 5.6 8.0 7.1 7.3 5.7 7.9 6.1 3.2 3.0 4.8 4.7 5.6 4.6 5.6 5.8 7.7 9.1 5.8 ( 2) 6.1 4.8 6.9 6.3 10.6 8.4 9.8 6.1 2.7 4.8 5.2 4.1 6.2 4.6 10.0 10.5 17.5 13.8 6.6 ( 2) 12.8 8.2 13.2 14.0 10.0 5.2 9.1 10.8 2.4 2.5 6.4 2.3 8.8 14.5 ( 2) South Carolina ........................ South Dakota .......................... Tennessee .............................. Texas ...................................... Utah ........................................ Vermont .................................. Virginia .................................... Washington ............................. West Virginia .......................... Wisconsin ............................... Wyoming ................................. 4.1 2.9 5.1 4.8 3.0 3.7 3.7 4.6 5.9 3.5 4.7 .7 1.5 1.0 1.8 1.8 1.4 .8 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.1 2.1 1.6 2.0 2.3 2.0 1.4 2.2 1.6 1.8 2.4 1.2 2.7 ( 2) .3 1.6 .5 ( 2) 1.5 2.5 1.1 1.3 1.4 4.5 1.7 5.6 5.7 2.7 3.9 5.0 5.8 6.8 2.9 4.1 3.7 1.6 2.5 4.1 2.0 3.2 2.6 3.5 4.4 3.3 3.0 7.3 5.1 7.8 7.7 5.1 5.7 5.3 8.0 6.7 5.0 10.0 2.4 5.1 6.7 5.3 3.5 4.2 3.8 4.1 7.1 2.6 5.0 8.0 3.6 7.9 6.6 4.2 2.9 5.8 7.4 10.2 3.9 4.1 3.3 3.9 6.4 3.8 3.1 5.7 5.4 6.5 7.7 5.4 6.0 6.8 7.3 13.2 12.6 7.7 9.8 10.2 8.0 17.1 10.5 9.7 ( 2) 1.6 5.9 5.3 ( 2) 8.1 ( 2) 13.0 13.6 4.0 4.8 1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience. 2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. 3 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed. NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates because of rounding. Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages Total employed Managerial and professional specialty Executive, Population group and State adminisNumber (in thou- Percent trative, and mansands) agerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and Sales specialty related support Operators, fabricators, and laborers Precision Handlers, Farming, equipService producAdminisMachine forestry, tion, ment Transporoccupatrative operators, and fishtation and cleaners, tions craft, and support, asseming repair material helpers, including blers, and and moving clerical inspectors laborers TOTAL Alabama ............................. 2,064 Alaska ................................. 291 Arizona ............................... 2,065 Arkansas ............................. 1,147 California ............................ 14,966 Colorado ............................. 2,088 Connecticut ......................... 1,635 Delaware ............................ 364 District of Columbia ............ 237 Florida ................................. 6,768 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 11.6 16.3 13.9 11.7 15.6 16.7 16.5 16.4 22.1 14.7 13.3 16.4 13.6 11.3 15.9 15.5 16.2 14.6 24.5 13.3 3.1 4.2 3.4 3.0 3.1 4.0 3.7 3.9 4.1 3.2 13.0 10.3 12.6 10.5 12.7 13.2 12.7 10.9 7.1 14.4 13.0 14.7 15.3 12.2 13.9 14.2 14.6 16.8 15.1 14.9 11.4 13.7 14.7 14.2 12.9 12.8 13.6 14.3 16.9 15.4 12.0 10.8 11.4 12.6 9.9 10.7 9.5 9.5 3.6 10.8 9.5 2.0 4.7 10.3 5.7 3.6 5.7 4.5 1.3 3.5 5.1 3.9 3.5 5.8 3.4 3.5 2.8 4.4 3.0 4.0 5.0 4.7 3.6 4.8 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.2 1.9 3.6 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.6 3.4 2.4 1.5 1.4 .3 2.3 Georgia ............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho ................................... Illinois .................................. Indiana ................................ Iowa .................................... Kansas ................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine .................................. 3,730 554 600 5,842 2,985 1,526 1,315 1,824 1,900 623 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 15.3 13.5 11.6 14.7 12.9 11.4 15.4 14.1 12.2 13.6 13.8 13.2 13.3 14.8 12.9 13.0 15.3 13.6 12.7 13.5 3.3 2.4 2.9 2.7 3.1 3.8 2.8 3.3 3.7 2.3 11.7 13.3 10.9 12.6 11.4 11.9 11.0 11.4 11.6 11.3 13.9 15.9 12.5 15.4 13.7 13.5 14.2 13.3 14.3 13.8 11.8 20.4 13.9 13.2 11.9 13.6 13.7 12.8 15.5 13.4 11.7 9.3 13.1 10.3 12.7 9.9 10.3 11.0 12.4 13.0 7.1 2.2 5.5 6.6 10.2 6.8 5.6 7.5 5.5 6.8 5.0 3.3 4.7 4.4 4.5 5.1 3.6 5.8 6.0 4.3 4.5 2.9 4.8 3.9 4.9 4.8 3.4 4.8 4.2 4.1 1.9 3.4 6.8 1.5 2.0 6.3 4.8 2.4 2.0 3.9 Maryland ............................. Massachusetts .................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi .......................... Missouri .............................. Montana .............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire .................. 2,648 3,129 4,776 2,539 1,193 2,765 430 883 847 625 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 16.7 16.1 12.4 15.5 10.7 11.9 13.3 12.4 14.6 14.3 20.2 18.8 14.8 14.2 14.2 14.9 14.1 12.6 11.6 16.1 3.9 3.3 3.5 3.2 3.0 3.6 2.2 3.1 2.6 3.0 12.0 10.7 11.6 12.0 11.3 12.4 12.3 11.5 13.5 12.4 14.8 15.1 13.7 13.2 13.0 14.8 13.0 13.9 13.5 14.1 13.2 13.4 12.8 13.5 12.8 12.3 15.4 13.7 20.9 12.0 9.1 10.0 11.5 11.4 12.9 12.0 10.2 10.2 11.1 13.2 2.8 5.4 9.7 4.9 9.4 6.1 2.9 5.4 2.7 7.2 2.9 2.9 4.0 3.9 6.0 4.0 4.5 3.9 3.9 3.3 2.9 3.1 4.2 3.6 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.9 3.8 2.9 1.7 1.2 1.8 4.6 2.4 3.9 8.2 9.5 1.6 1.3 New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York ............................ North Carolina .................... North Dakota ...................... Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon ................................ Pennsylvania ...................... Rhode Island ...................... 3,978 769 8,243 3,705 339 5,448 1,534 1,631 5,673 478 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 15.7 13.3 14.8 12.3 11.1 13.3 13.2 13.1 14.3 13.6 15.5 16.0 16.2 13.0 12.4 14.0 13.7 13.9 15.6 16.9 3.7 4.2 3.1 3.3 3.0 3.7 3.0 2.6 3.1 3.7 13.9 12.6 11.6 11.4 13.0 11.6 11.0 12.2 11.4 11.7 15.7 13.1 15.5 13.1 13.1 13.7 15.2 12.5 14.4 14.0 13.1 15.8 16.3 11.4 14.7 14.6 13.5 14.0 14.0 14.5 8.7 11.7 9.3 13.5 8.6 11.0 11.7 11.5 10.5 10.5 5.3 2.5 4.9 10.3 3.6 7.9 5.4 6.9 6.5 7.5 4.0 4.4 3.6 4.7 5.0 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.5 2.7 3.4 3.1 3.2 4.2 2.9 4.1 4.6 4.7 4.3 3.4 1.1 3.3 1.5 2.7 12.6 1.9 4.3 4.2 1.5 1.3 South Carolina .................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah .................................... Vermont .............................. Virginia ................................ Washington ......................... West Virginia ...................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming ............................. 1,826 381 2,562 9,350 1,008 313 3,271 2,846 749 2,821 238 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 11.6 11.4 14.1 13.3 13.4 13.5 16.3 16.5 11.4 13.2 12.0 13.5 12.6 12.5 14.7 14.8 16.6 16.7 15.9 14.0 14.4 13.9 3.2 2.7 3.4 3.2 3.3 2.7 2.9 3.5 4.1 3.3 2.6 11.5 12.2 11.9 12.5 12.7 12.4 11.9 12.2 12.3 10.9 11.1 12.4 11.9 13.1 14.1 16.6 13.3 14.1 12.9 13.9 13.8 12.0 12.1 15.8 12.2 13.5 11.5 13.7 12.7 11.8 14.5 12.3 15.9 14.7 10.5 11.6 11.9 12.7 11.3 10.4 10.3 12.9 10.7 12.1 9.5 5.9 8.9 4.9 4.8 6.0 4.8 4.3 4.6 9.0 3.0 4.4 3.7 5.0 4.7 3.6 3.7 4.2 4.1 5.8 4.6 6.6 4.9 3.9 4.5 3.7 4.0 3.1 3.8 4.7 4.5 4.4 3.9 2.2 9.4 2.9 3.4 2.7 3.7 2.3 3.7 2.0 3.4 6.8 1,116 157 1,150 603 8,355 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12.4 15.8 14.0 12.2 15.2 11.2 14.3 12.2 9.3 14.8 2.4 5.1 3.2 2.0 3.0 11.2 7.8 11.6 9.1 12.1 3.9 5.1 6.1 4.3 6.3 8.7 11.6 12.8 9.2 10.8 19.9 18.8 18.7 21.5 16.0 9.3 2.4 5.4 9.7 6.1 8.8 6.8 5.5 10.4 5.5 7.4 7.2 5.6 6.4 5.2 4.7 5.1 5.0 5.7 5.0 Men Alabama ............................. Alaska ................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas ............................. California ............................ See footnotes at end of table. Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total employed Managerial and professional specialty Executive, Population group and State adminisNumber (in thou- Percent trative, and mansands) agerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and Sales specialty related support Operators, fabricators, and laborers Precision Handlers, Farming, equipService producAdminisMachine forestry, tion, ment Transporoccupatrative operators, and fishtation and cleaners, tions craft, and support, asseming repair material helpers, including blers, and and moving clerical inspectors laborers Men–Continued Colorado ............................. Connecticut ......................... Delaware ............................ District of Columbia ............ Florida ................................. 1,129 835 186 117 3,632 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 15.3 17.2 17.6 22.4 14.9 15.7 14.8 13.6 23.8 11.5 4.0 3.3 3.2 4.4 2.6 12.6 12.3 9.1 6.7 14.2 5.5 5.2 6.8 7.7 5.6 10.7 11.4 11.4 16.9 12.9 18.0 16.5 17.2 6.5 18.5 4.5 6.7 5.8 1.5 4.0 5.8 4.9 8.1 5.9 6.6 4.6 5.2 5.3 3.6 5.6 3.4 2.4 1.7 .5 3.6 Georgia ............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho ................................... Illinois .................................. Indiana ................................ Iowa .................................... Kansas ................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine .................................. 1,990 279 330 3,149 1,614 795 701 964 1,009 329 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 16.0 13.7 11.7 14.9 14.0 11.2 16.2 14.3 11.9 14.5 11.0 11.4 11.1 13.2 11.1 10.0 14.0 10.9 10.9 10.8 3.1 2.6 2.8 2.4 1.9 3.1 2.5 3.2 3.8 1.7 10.6 9.7 10.5 11.8 9.8 10.5 10.6 10.0 9.8 10.0 5.5 6.8 4.0 6.1 4.7 4.4 4.8 5.1 5.6 4.7 7.7 19.5 9.3 10.5 8.8 8.6 9.8 7.1 9.3 9.0 20.2 17.2 21.6 17.3 20.9 17.4 17.2 19.1 21.9 21.9 7.2 2.1 5.8 8.2 12.4 9.1 6.7 9.2 7.3 7.4 8.5 6.3 7.5 7.4 7.4 8.8 6.0 9.9 9.9 7.4 7.0 5.2 6.6 5.8 6.0 7.2 5.2 7.4 6.5 6.3 3.2 5.6 9.2 2.3 2.8 9.6 7.2 3.7 3.1 6.4 Maryland ............................. Massachusetts .................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi .......................... Missouri .............................. Montana .............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire .................. 1,370 1,637 2,555 1,368 633 1,427 228 472 471 338 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 18.7 16.8 12.6 16.2 12.7 11.7 14.6 12.8 14.9 14.9 18.8 16.6 14.1 12.1 10.3 11.0 12.2 9.6 10.3 14.2 3.7 2.9 3.2 2.9 3.2 3.3 1.6 2.2 2.7 3.7 11.3 10.2 10.5 11.4 10.4 11.1 11.1 11.7 10.1 12.0 5.1 6.8 4.2 5.0 4.1 6.0 4.1 5.7 4.7 6.6 10.7 11.4 8.5 8.7 7.3 8.8 9.5 8.1 20.7 8.2 16.4 17.5 19.4 19.1 21.5 21.0 17.5 16.6 18.8 21.2 2.8 6.3 11.9 6.2 10.0 8.0 3.8 6.1 3.1 7.8 5.1 5.0 6.9 6.6 10.6 7.3 7.9 6.8 6.3 5.2 4.7 4.7 5.9 5.4 6.2 5.8 5.4 5.7 6.0 4.2 2.6 1.9 2.8 6.5 3.8 6.1 12.3 14.6 2.5 1.7 New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York ............................ North Carolina .................... North Dakota ...................... Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon ................................ Pennsylvania ...................... Rhode Island ...................... 2,129 420 4,416 1,976 179 2,904 830 902 3,006 247 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 17.2 13.0 16.0 12.8 10.6 14.0 12.8 12.4 16.0 14.1 13.5 13.8 13.8 9.5 9.3 12.0 11.3 12.3 13.8 15.0 3.6 4.7 2.4 3.2 2.2 3.2 2.6 1.8 2.4 3.4 13.4 11.3 11.4 10.7 13.9 10.3 10.2 10.6 10.6 11.4 6.6 4.3 7.2 5.3 3.0 5.4 6.6 4.6 5.3 4.6 11.4 12.3 14.5 7.6 8.5 9.8 9.7 10.0 9.7 12.1 15.0 20.1 15.9 22.6 15.4 18.8 20.0 19.2 18.2 18.2 6.1 3.1 5.3 9.7 5.2 10.5 6.3 9.1 8.1 8.7 6.7 7.4 6.1 8.1 8.8 7.1 6.8 7.6 7.7 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.0 6.3 4.4 5.9 7.2 6.7 6.4 5.3 1.4 4.9 2.3 4.2 18.8 2.9 6.5 5.8 2.0 2.2 South Carolina .................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah .................................... Vermont .............................. Virginia ................................ Washington ......................... West Virginia ...................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming ............................. 967 199 1,339 5,164 557 160 1,729 1,574 403 1,492 130 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 11.8 11.9 15.5 14.1 14.2 15.0 18.1 16.0 11.7 14.0 12.6 10.0 9.7 10.0 12.2 12.6 13.8 15.2 14.5 11.8 11.9 11.2 2.7 2.4 3.1 3.0 3.9 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.4 2.6 2.0 9.5 11.5 9.7 11.6 12.1 10.8 10.6 11.3 10.7 9.9 9.5 4.6 4.0 4.5 6.0 6.3 5.0 5.1 5.1 4.9 4.2 3.3 8.7 9.5 9.0 9.0 8.7 8.8 9.6 8.5 8.9 8.5 10.5 25.3 17.6 19.0 20.0 21.2 19.8 17.9 17.7 22.3 18.6 20.5 9.8 6.2 10.1 5.9 5.0 6.6 5.2 5.5 5.9 11.6 4.6 7.1 6.4 8.5 7.7 6.1 6.8 6.5 6.7 10.4 7.8 11.3 7.0 5.7 6.0 5.6 5.8 4.9 5.7 6.7 7.3 5.9 5.7 3.6 15.0 4.6 5.0 4.2 5.5 3.2 5.0 2.7 5.0 8.9 948 134 914 544 6,611 959 800 178 120 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10.6 16.9 13.8 11.0 16.2 18.4 15.7 15.2 21.8 15.7 18.9 15.3 13.4 17.1 15.3 17.7 15.6 25.3 3.8 3.1 3.7 4.1 3.3 3.9 4.1 4.6 3.7 15.1 13.1 13.9 12.1 13.4 13.8 13.1 12.7 7.5 23.6 26.0 27.0 21.0 23.5 24.6 24.3 27.3 22.3 14.7 16.1 17.0 19.6 15.6 15.2 15.8 17.2 16.9 2.8 1.4 2.2 2.7 2.2 2.0 2.1 1.5 .8 9.8 1.5 3.8 10.9 5.1 2.5 4.6 3.0 1.0 .7 .5 .9 .8 .7 .8 .7 .6 .3 2.1 1.7 1.2 3.0 1.4 2.2 1.3 1.0 .2 .9 .8 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.3 .6 1.1 .1 Women Alabama ............................. Alaska ................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas ............................. California ............................ Colorado ............................. Connecticut ......................... Delaware ............................ District of Columbia ............ See footnotes at end of table. Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total employed Managerial and professional specialty Executive, Population group and State adminisNumber (in thou- Percent trative, and mansands) agerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and Sales specialty related support Operators, fabricators, and laborers Precision Handlers, Farming, equipService producAdminisMachine forestry, tion, ment Transporoccupatrative operators, and fishtation and cleaners, tions craft, and support, asseming repair material helpers, including blers, and and moving clerical inspectors laborers Women–Continued Florida ................................. 3,136 100.0 14.6 15.4 3.8 14.7 25.5 18.3 1.9 2.9 .9 1.3 .7 Georgia ............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho ................................... Illinois .................................. Indiana ................................ Iowa .................................... Kansas ................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine .................................. 1,740 275 269 2,692 1,371 731 613 860 891 294 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 14.6 13.4 11.5 14.5 11.5 11.5 14.5 13.8 12.6 12.6 17.0 15.0 16.1 16.6 15.0 16.2 16.8 16.6 14.8 16.5 3.5 2.2 3.1 2.9 4.4 4.5 3.3 3.4 3.6 2.9 12.9 16.9 11.3 13.5 13.1 13.4 11.5 13.0 13.6 12.8 23.4 25.2 22.9 26.3 24.3 23.3 24.9 22.4 24.0 24.1 16.5 21.2 19.5 16.3 15.5 19.1 18.1 19.2 22.5 18.3 1.9 1.4 2.8 2.1 3.0 1.7 2.4 1.9 1.6 3.0 6.9 2.4 5.2 4.7 7.5 4.3 4.3 5.7 3.5 6.2 1.1 .3 1.4 1.0 1.0 1.1 .9 1.2 1.5 .8 1.7 .7 2.6 1.6 3.6 2.2 1.4 1.9 1.5 1.7 .5 1.2 3.8 .6 1.0 2.6 2.0 .9 .7 1.1 Maryland ............................. Massachusetts .................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi .......................... Missouri .............................. Montana .............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire .................. 1,277 1,493 2,221 1,171 560 1,339 202 410 376 287 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 14.5 15.3 12.3 14.7 8.5 12.1 11.9 11.9 14.2 13.5 21.6 21.3 15.6 16.7 18.5 19.1 16.3 16.0 13.3 18.3 4.1 3.7 3.8 3.5 2.9 3.9 2.9 4.2 2.5 2.2 12.8 11.3 13.0 12.8 12.4 13.7 13.7 11.2 17.6 12.9 25.2 24.1 24.6 22.8 23.1 24.3 23.1 23.3 24.6 22.9 15.8 15.6 17.9 19.1 19.0 16.1 22.0 20.0 21.2 16.5 1.2 1.8 2.3 2.3 3.1 2.4 2.1 2.8 1.6 3.7 2.8 4.4 7.1 3.3 8.8 4.1 1.9 4.5 2.2 6.5 .4 .8 .5 .8 .9 .6 .6 .5 1.0 1.1 .9 1.4 2.2 1.6 1.9 2.2 1.9 1.9 1.2 1.4 .7 .4 .6 2.4 .8 1.5 3.6 3.6 .5 .8 New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York ............................ North Carolina .................... North Dakota ...................... Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon ................................ Pennsylvania ...................... Rhode Island ...................... 1,849 349 3,827 1,729 160 2,544 704 729 2,667 231 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 13.9 13.7 13.5 11.7 11.7 12.4 13.8 14.0 12.5 13.1 17.8 18.5 19.0 17.1 15.8 16.3 16.6 15.8 17.7 18.8 3.9 3.6 3.9 3.5 3.8 4.3 3.6 3.4 3.9 4.1 14.4 14.0 11.7 12.1 12.1 13.0 12.0 14.2 12.4 12.2 26.1 23.7 25.1 22.1 24.3 23.2 25.3 22.4 24.6 24.1 15.0 19.9 18.3 15.7 21.6 19.9 18.0 19.0 18.8 17.1 1.5 1.7 1.8 3.0 1.1 2.2 1.9 2.0 1.8 2.2 4.4 1.9 4.4 11.0 1.8 4.9 4.4 4.2 4.7 6.2 .9 .9 .7 .8 .8 .9 1.2 .7 .9 .3 1.4 .8 1.1 1.8 1.1 2.0 1.5 2.1 1.9 1.4 .7 1.4 .6 1.0 5.8 .8 1.8 2.2 .9 .5 South Carolina .................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah .................................... Vermont .............................. Virginia ................................ Washington ......................... West Virginia ...................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming ............................. 860 181 1,223 4,186 451 153 1,542 1,272 346 1,329 107 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 11.3 10.9 12.5 12.4 12.3 11.8 14.3 17.0 11.1 12.2 11.4 17.6 15.8 15.3 17.8 17.5 19.5 18.3 17.7 16.5 17.2 17.3 3.8 3.1 3.6 3.5 2.7 2.5 3.0 4.2 4.9 4.2 3.3 13.8 13.0 14.3 13.7 13.3 14.1 13.2 13.4 14.2 11.9 13.1 21.1 20.5 22.5 24.1 29.2 22.1 24.2 22.6 24.4 24.6 22.5 16.0 22.7 15.7 19.2 15.0 18.8 16.2 16.0 21.1 16.6 22.6 2.8 2.7 3.5 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.1 1.1 1.9 1.8 1.9 9.1 5.4 7.5 3.8 4.5 5.3 4.4 2.8 3.1 6.1 1.1 1.3 .8 1.2 .9 .6 .5 1.5 .8 .5 1.0 .9 2.5 1.9 2.9 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.6 2.2 1.3 2.7 1.7 .7 3.2 1.1 1.3 .9 1.8 1.2 2.1 1.1 1.7 4.2 Alabama ............................. 1,564 Alaska ................................. 246 Arizona ............................... 1,892 Arkansas ............................. 977 California ............................ 12,188 Colorado ............................. 1,952 Connecticut ......................... 1,426 Delaware ............................ 278 District of Columbia ............ 99 Florida ................................. 5,723 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 13.8 16.4 14.4 12.8 15.8 17.1 17.4 17.7 29.7 16.2 14.5 17.7 13.7 11.9 15.7 15.8 17.1 15.2 36.4 13.9 3.1 4.4 3.6 3.0 2.9 4.1 3.5 3.7 5.1 3.3 14.2 10.7 12.9 11.2 12.7 13.4 13.1 11.8 7.1 15.0 14.2 14.3 15.2 12.8 13.3 14.1 13.3 15.8 9.2 14.7 9.0 11.7 14.0 11.8 12.8 12.3 12.4 12.8 9.6 13.5 12.9 11.3 11.4 13.5 10.0 10.7 9.9 10.7 1.1 11.1 7.1 2.1 4.3 9.4 5.7 3.5 5.7 3.6 .4 3.2 4.4 3.8 3.6 5.4 3.6 3.4 2.8 3.8 .5 3.7 3.5 4.6 3.5 4.4 3.6 3.2 3.1 3.0 .6 3.3 3.4 3.1 3.4 3.9 3.9 2.5 1.5 1.9 .3 2.1 Georgia ............................... Hawaii ................................. 100.0 100.0 17.8 17.9 15.7 17.9 3.5 2.8 13.2 13.4 14.3 12.7 9.2 18.0 12.1 7.9 5.1 1.4 3.8 1.9 2.9 2.7 2.4 3.4 White See footnotes at end of table. 2,615 158 Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total employed Managerial and professional specialty Executive, Population group and State adminisNumber (in thou- Percent trative, and mansands) agerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and Sales specialty related support Operators, fabricators, and laborers Precision Handlers, Farming, equipService producAdminisMachine forestry, tion, ment Transporoccupatrative operators, and fishtation and cleaners, tions craft, and support, asseming repair material helpers, including blers, and and moving clerical inspectors laborers White–Continued Idaho ................................... Illinois .................................. Indiana ................................ Iowa .................................... Kansas ................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine .................................. 587 4,943 2,768 1,465 1,196 1,674 1,371 615 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 11.7 15.5 12.7 11.6 15.6 14.5 13.6 13.6 13.4 14.7 12.9 12.8 15.4 14.1 14.7 13.5 3.0 2.6 3.1 3.8 2.8 3.4 4.3 2.3 10.9 12.9 11.4 11.8 11.5 11.4 12.5 11.2 12.5 15.0 14.1 13.7 14.1 12.9 14.6 13.9 13.7 12.1 11.5 13.4 12.7 11.8 11.0 13.4 13.3 10.9 13.0 10.0 10.6 11.4 13.7 12.9 5.4 6.7 9.9 6.5 5.3 7.0 4.2 6.8 4.7 4.2 4.5 5.1 3.5 6.0 5.5 4.3 4.7 3.8 4.9 4.8 3.4 4.9 3.6 4.1 6.8 1.7 2.1 6.5 5.2 2.6 2.4 3.9 Maryland ............................. Massachusetts .................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi .......................... Missouri .............................. Montana .............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire .................. 1,931 2,908 4,152 2,420 797 2,502 406 834 749 606 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 18.3 16.4 13.1 15.6 13.2 12.1 13.5 12.4 15.5 14.3 21.6 18.8 14.8 14.1 16.8 14.8 14.4 12.6 12.0 16.1 3.7 3.1 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.6 2.2 3.2 2.7 3.1 12.9 11.2 12.2 12.0 12.9 12.7 12.7 11.7 13.7 12.6 13.3 15.2 13.4 13.1 14.9 14.2 12.7 13.7 13.4 14.1 11.4 12.7 11.9 13.4 9.2 11.3 15.1 13.5 19.0 12.1 9.7 10.3 12.1 11.8 13.6 12.8 10.1 10.4 11.7 13.3 2.4 4.9 8.9 4.4 5.6 6.1 2.8 4.7 2.7 6.8 2.0 3.0 3.9 3.9 5.1 4.2 4.5 4.0 3.9 3.4 2.8 3.1 4.2 3.8 2.9 3.9 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.0 2.0 1.3 2.0 4.8 2.4 4.2 8.3 10.0 1.7 1.3 New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York ............................ North Carolina .................... North Dakota ...................... Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon ................................ Pennsylvania ...................... Rhode Island ...................... 3,262 692 6,550 2,862 327 4,855 1,301 1,525 5,154 447 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 16.5 13.9 15.9 13.9 11.0 13.9 13.9 13.1 14.7 14.2 15.3 16.1 16.8 14.1 12.5 14.1 14.2 14.0 15.6 17.0 3.5 4.2 3.1 3.4 3.0 3.8 2.9 2.7 3.1 3.8 14.6 12.7 12.2 12.3 13.4 11.8 11.6 12.1 11.5 12.2 15.8 13.1 15.0 13.0 13.1 13.6 15.1 12.7 13.9 14.3 11.8 15.3 14.2 9.1 14.4 13.5 12.6 13.7 13.3 13.9 9.6 11.3 9.8 14.9 8.7 11.5 11.7 11.8 11.1 10.5 4.9 2.3 4.8 8.4 3.2 7.6 5.2 6.5 6.6 6.6 3.8 4.6 3.5 4.1 5.0 4.1 4.3 4.6 4.5 2.8 3.1 2.9 3.0 3.8 2.7 4.1 3.9 4.6 4.2 3.2 1.2 3.6 1.7 3.0 13.0 2.1 4.7 4.2 1.5 1.4 South Carolina .................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah .................................... Vermont .............................. Virginia ................................ Washington ......................... West Virginia ...................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming ............................. 1,346 361 2,058 7,977 963 308 2,544 2,599 729 2,674 232 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 13.6 11.7 14.9 14.1 13.5 13.5 18.0 16.7 11.6 13.3 12.1 15.3 12.9 13.5 14.6 15.2 16.4 17.9 16.1 13.8 14.7 14.0 3.6 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.3 2.7 3.0 3.4 4.1 3.5 2.6 12.6 12.4 12.7 12.4 12.8 12.2 13.0 12.1 12.3 11.0 11.1 13.0 11.8 12.1 13.9 16.7 13.4 13.2 13.0 14.0 13.9 12.0 9.4 14.9 10.2 12.4 11.3 13.8 10.9 11.3 14.5 11.3 15.7 16.0 10.6 12.5 12.5 12.6 11.3 10.8 10.6 13.0 10.7 12.1 7.3 5.7 8.7 4.8 4.4 6.0 4.1 4.1 4.3 8.9 3.1 3.6 3.6 4.9 4.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 4.3 6.0 4.7 6.6 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.1 2.9 4.5 4.5 4.4 3.8 2.0 9.7 3.5 3.7 2.8 3.8 2.4 3.8 2.0 3.6 6.8 Alabama ............................. Alaska ................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas ............................. California ............................ Colorado ............................. Connecticut ......................... Delaware ............................ District of Columbia ............ Florida ................................. 478 9 76 150 864 68 185 76 133 894 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.5 18.6 13.9 4.6 14.6 6.9 9.2 12.0 16.5 5.5 8.8 8.9 7.9 6.9 15.1 11.4 9.1 12.2 15.5 8.0 3.0 2.1 2.4 2.9 2.6 2.8 4.2 4.0 3.2 2.5 9.3 10.4 11.1 6.3 10.8 7.3 10.5 7.4 7.2 10.8 9.3 14.4 18.6 8.8 21.9 22.6 24.5 20.2 19.3 16.7 19.3 33.1 25.8 28.6 16.5 18.1 21.9 19.1 22.5 27.0 9.8 5.3 5.4 7.1 8.4 8.5 6.9 6.7 5.6 9.0 17.7 .3 5.0 15.6 1.0 4.7 4.2 7.4 1.9 5.2 7.6 1.8 3.1 8.9 4.2 9.3 3.5 7.1 5.0 5.8 8.9 2.7 6.3 7.7 4.4 8.0 4.3 3.9 2.9 6.0 1.9 2.4 .4 2.6 .7 .2 1.8 1 ( ) .4 3.5 Georgia ............................... Hawaii ................................. Illinois .................................. Indiana ................................ Iowa .................................... Kansas ................................ 1,058 10 712 191 35 76 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 9.2 9.1 9.7 14.1 6.5 15.1 9.3 10.4 11.9 11.9 10.5 10.3 2.7 .1 2.5 2.9 1.6 2.1 7.7 19.6 10.1 11.4 16.2 5.7 13.3 22.9 19.9 10.9 9.1 18.4 18.0 12.0 20.6 17.7 22.8 24.4 11.0 4.2 7.4 7.5 3.1 8.5 11.8 .6 5.7 13.8 14.2 8.1 8.2 17.1 6.5 5.2 9.1 3.8 8.2 4.0 5.3 4.0 6.8 3.1 .7 ( 1) .3 .6 1 ( ) .7 Black See footnotes at end of table. Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total employed Managerial and professional specialty Executive, Population group and State adminisNumber (in thou- Percent trative, and mansands) agerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and Sales specialty related support Operators, fabricators, and laborers Precision Handlers, Farming, equipService producAdminisMachine forestry, tion, ment Transporoccupatrative operators, and fishtation and cleaners, tions craft, and support, asseming repair material helpers, including blers, and and moving clerical inspectors laborers Black–Continued Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ 134 497 100.0 100.0 8.4 7.7 5.2 6.4 2.8 2.4 12.8 9.2 17.4 13.5 25.4 27.8 5.4 9.2 14.3 9.2 4.0 7.6 4.0 5.9 .2 1.1 Maryland ............................. Massachusetts .................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi .......................... Missouri .............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire .................. 618 135 506 61 381 230 24 48 7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12.5 11.9 7.7 15.4 5.8 9.1 14.6 6.5 14.4 13.3 15.1 10.5 18.2 8.7 15.7 8.4 6.3 27.5 4.0 5.2 3.5 ( 1) 2.7 2.9 2.0 .5 ( 1) 8.6 4.4 7.9 14.2 7.6 9.4 8.2 10.8 3.1 20.9 15.4 16.4 18.1 9.3 22.2 21.4 19.3 17.8 19.0 26.6 21.7 20.5 20.0 23.1 20.3 37.6 18.6 7.5 6.0 7.6 3.5 11.5 4.1 4.9 4.5 5.2 3.9 9.5 15.2 4.5 17.3 5.1 12.5 3.3 9.2 5.8 2.3 4.9 3.7 8.0 2.6 2.2 4.4 ( 1) 3.6 3.5 4.1 2.0 7.0 5.1 5.2 6.6 4.2 1.0 .1 .3 ( 1) 2.1 .8 .4 .3 ( 1) New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York ............................ North Carolina .................... Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon ................................ Pennsylvania ...................... Rhode Island ...................... 523 12 1,199 717 506 108 27 416 24 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 9.6 16.2 8.4 6.9 8.1 9.2 20.1 11.0 5.9 13.2 14.8 12.0 8.7 9.9 11.8 9.0 11.8 11.1 3.9 8.0 2.6 3.4 3.1 4.4 1.1 3.1 2.7 9.4 19.2 8.0 8.3 10.0 9.3 18.8 9.2 6.9 17.0 9.0 20.2 15.1 15.6 18.9 3.6 21.5 12.8 23.3 15.6 28.0 19.6 24.1 21.3 25.1 24.0 21.9 5.0 11.5 8.1 7.4 8.1 7.4 4.8 4.5 10.4 7.5 ( 1) 4.1 16.2 10.6 6.4 6.2 4.4 19.8 6.5 .2 4.1 7.4 4.8 2.4 8.9 4.7 1.3 4.4 5.6 4.1 5.6 4.8 8.3 2.0 5.1 7.2 .2 ( 1) .4 1.4 .8 .5 .3 .8 1 ( ) South Carolina .................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah .................................... Virginia ................................ Washington ......................... West Virginia ...................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming ............................. 465 4 479 1,037 6 624 51 15 96 2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.4 3.5 11.0 8.4 45.0 9.1 11.0 4.0 11.0 9.4 8.4 2.2 8.6 12.5 1.5 10.0 13.5 11.1 5.9 3.4 2.0 ( 1) 3.9 3.1 4.8 2.1 8.2 6.1 ( 1) .7 8.1 7.6 8.4 10.6 3.5 7.4 7.5 13.0 8.0 22.2 10.8 4.6 17.5 17.8 6.9 17.7 8.5 13.1 9.9 8.5 20.0 19.6 20.5 22.5 20.3 20.0 19.8 21.7 33.2 24.6 11.3 14.6 7.8 7.9 3.2 9.9 8.6 9.0 12.2 14.4 15.9 24.2 8.8 5.0 1.9 7.9 6.3 17.1 10.9 ( 1) 6.6 13.7 5.1 6.6 13.0 6.1 5.7 ( 1) 2.7 5.7 8.7 9.9 7.7 4.2 ( 1) 7.7 7.8 3.5 5.0 6.9 2.8 ( 1) .6 1.2 1 ( ) 2.1 3.1 1.4 1.2 4.2 Alabama ............................. Alaska ................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas ............................. California ............................ Colorado ............................. Connecticut ......................... Delaware ............................ District of Columbia ............ Florida ................................. 17 6 524 21 3,990 264 101 10 16 1,146 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12.5 4.0 6.4 5.6 7.4 9.8 4.5 10.3 13.3 12.2 4.0 15.6 6.1 4.0 5.6 7.4 6.5 2.2 15.6 8.8 2.0 3.1 2.9 ( 1) 1.8 2.4 2.5 7.5 1.9 2.4 21.3 5.1 10.5 6.7 9.3 9.6 9.4 13.3 1.8 14.0 13.7 13.3 13.3 6.0 11.8 14.3 13.6 8.4 12.5 14.8 15.3 21.1 19.1 18.8 19.0 20.0 22.6 29.3 44.2 17.5 8.5 15.6 15.5 16.3 12.5 14.4 11.7 3.4 4.8 11.1 7.6 6.1 7.8 25.9 13.4 7.6 17.1 7.1 2.7 6.0 .1 4.3 4.2 .3 4.7 3.2 4.7 4.2 .8 5.3 13.2 9.5 5.9 15.9 6.0 7.3 6.3 11.3 2.5 5.0 1.8 2.2 8.3 .3 8.5 4.0 1.0 3.1 ( 1) 3.0 Georgia ............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho ................................... Illinois .................................. Indiana ................................ Iowa .................................... Kansas ................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ 77 14 39 495 55 21 54 19 44 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10.1 11.8 4.8 7.0 13.4 4.0 10.6 12.8 7.8 11.6 9.1 2.8 5.9 9.1 10.2 5.6 16.9 13.5 2.3 ( 1) .9 1.8 4.0 ( 1) 1.4 ( 1) 1.0 7.9 12.9 4.2 7.3 6.7 6.0 12.2 ( 1) 9.1 9.5 12.6 9.6 11.6 9.1 8.3 8.9 5.2 8.0 16.2 28.4 14.4 17.3 11.0 29.0 20.3 25.0 22.7 18.6 5.8 16.6 15.2 12.2 14.6 18.4 16.3 11.5 7.4 3.6 13.0 19.3 24.0 14.4 12.4 1.1 3.4 1.6 5.0 5.7 4.0 .5 1.4 2.1 ( 1) 9.9 12.0 6.5 13.1 8.6 10.1 10.8 5.6 3.0 .7 2.8 4.3 14.9 1.9 ( 1) 1.3 2.5 19.7 12.2 Maryland ............................. Massachusetts .................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi .......................... 119 117 123 55 21 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12.1 4.0 9.0 6.5 11.9 16.0 7.5 8.0 7.0 7.9 5.9 1.3 2.2 1.0 ( 1) 8.8 4.7 9.0 3.0 15.1 3.4 12.4 10.8 5.5 14.3 28.3 32.0 19.9 37.9 9.7 13.3 11.8 9.2 12.7 19.1 4.3 16.4 19.8 16.3 9.4 ( 1) 2.7 3.4 2.1 ( 1) 4.5 7.1 7.4 8.0 11.9 3.5 .3 1.3 1 ( ) .7 Hispanic origin See footnotes at end of table. Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total employed Managerial and professional specialty Executive, Population group and State adminisNumber (in thou- Percent trative, and mansands) agerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and Sales specialty related support Operators, fabricators, and laborers Precision Handlers, Farming, equipService producAdminisMachine forestry, tion, ment Transporoccupatrative operators, and fishtation and cleaners, tions craft, and support, asseming repair material helpers, including blers, and and moving clerical inspectors laborers Hispanic origin–Continued Missouri .............................. Montana .............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire .................. 44 8 28 107 7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10.2 13.1 7.0 4.7 21.9 6.9 9.7 6.4 2.1 7.8 6.3 ( 1) 1.4 .7 ( 1) 2.7 7.8 7.7 6.3 1.0 19.2 8.8 2.5 9.5 19.0 21.2 22.8 23.2 43.2 22.7 10.2 10.7 15.6 11.4 4.4 14.3 4.7 20.0 5.8 12.7 ( 1) 2.9 3.6 4.1 7.0 2.5 4.9 10.8 7.6 3.4 6.6 14.5 1.9 4.5 ( 1) New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York ............................ North Carolina .................... North Dakota ...................... Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon ................................ Pennsylvania ...................... Rhode Island ...................... 420 284 1,044 101 3 74 38 121 111 24 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7.5 8.6 7.6 3.5 4.0 13.6 14.2 3.7 6.9 7.3 5.2 7.7 7.8 4.3 6.9 11.3 5.6 1.7 6.8 2.3 2.6 3.1 1.6 2.1 ( 1) 5.2 .9 .7 1.3 2.4 12.6 12.9 7.6 2.3 8.6 12.6 7.2 5.8 11.1 1.4 14.5 13.8 15.2 5.0 4.9 9.4 8.1 6.5 14.5 5.6 20.8 21.7 25.7 10.9 37.0 11.6 24.0 21.5 16.2 18.5 8.2 14.3 10.3 25.8 1.7 13.4 11.9 12.5 11.5 12.1 16.6 4.1 10.7 19.5 11.4 13.2 6.2 16.2 15.1 38.1 5.6 5.4 5.2 .9 4.1 3.8 1.6 2.2 4.1 2.0 5.9 4.7 6.4 9.2 5.1 3.1 11.4 10.4 9.9 8.8 .5 3.7 1.9 16.6 16.4 2.7 8.9 18.9 2.7 1.6 South Carolina .................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah .................................... Vermont .............................. Virginia ................................ Washington ......................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming ............................. 31 3 29 2,518 60 2 104 125 67 11 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.4 .3 6.1 7.1 4.3 9.9 10.8 4.4 9.0 3.6 11.1 11.4 11.9 7.1 3.5 32.5 7.1 11.1 9.0 4.5 ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) 1.8 3.1 ( 1) 2.8 1.0 5.8 .1 4.0 12.8 6.8 9.1 3.7 23.5 7.8 10.0 5.4 9.4 13.4 17.8 7.8 12.6 11.4 2.1 7.8 6.0 12.7 16.4 24.9 13.8 36.8 19.3 15.8 9.8 33.0 15.3 11.8 28.5 22.4 8.7 7.1 17.5 24.1 ( 1) 12.8 7.4 8.5 14.1 12.3 6.8 1.7 8.3 18.0 10.4 2.8 7.0 26.8 3.0 ( 1) 7.5 5.9 5.6 1.7 ( 1) 4.8 4.7 2.7 4.6 2.4 8.5 7.7 6.6 10.1 ( 1) 7.6 8.9 8.3 9.5 3.1 12.4 8.1 5.0 4.3 11.8 2.7 24.1 ( 1) 6.4 1 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed. NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by industry, 1997 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Nonagricultural industries Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Employment status and State Manufacturing Total2 Total3 Total4 Construction Total Durable goods Transportation, communications, Nondurable and public utiligoods ties Trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services5 Government Agriculture CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Alabama ............................... 2,164 Alaska ................................... 315 Arizona ................................. 2,159 Arkansas ............................... 1,205 California .............................. 15,862 Colorado ............................... 2,155 Connecticut ........................... 1,718 Delaware .............................. 379 District of Columbia .............. 256 Florida ................................... 7,079 2,093 312 2,082 1,146 15,099 2,091 1,689 373 251 6,863 1,648 191 1,646 885 11,476 1,656 1,405 308 162 5,560 117 20 141 63 695 132 74 19 6 456 440 12 249 250 2,448 250 302 56 5 602 238 4 181 130 1,500 158 205 18 ( 6) 378 201 8 68 121 948 92 97 38 4 223 107 24 113 66 806 122 88 20 14 435 444 52 484 240 2,894 425 305 72 30 1,627 93 10 134 44 843 132 138 43 13 507 435 65 513 219 3,753 581 497 98 93 1,928 301 85 282 168 2,094 268 180 47 75 870 52 ( 6) 61 45 570 6 ( ) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 155 Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... Idaho ..................................... Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. Maine .................................... 3,892 588 632 6,103 3,088 1,574 1,364 1,920 2,009 658 3,779 566 585 5,981 3,023 1,463 1,289 1,860 1,941 636 2,990 408 430 4,881 2,532 1,155 970 1,481 1,499 488 205 35 41 317 148 60 57 109 128 30 716 21 100 1,056 767 266 195 326 221 108 324 ( 6) 52 618 558 163 108 186 94 50 392 16 48 438 209 103 87 141 127 58 309 43 28 421 157 64 72 109 116 25 712 131 123 1,145 626 325 251 387 399 133 212 30 23 416 160 92 75 86 79 34 832 148 110 1,517 667 345 313 439 493 157 566 105 102 741 335 197 220 262 302 80 74 20 42 95 ( 6) 105 67 44 42 16 Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Montana ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 2,781 3,250 4,971 2,619 1,258 2,874 453 905 882 644 2,703 3,194 4,838 2,482 1,224 2,748 415 813 864 632 1,948 2,607 4,011 1,970 939 2,192 271 630 702 491 161 144 225 136 53 160 23 40 71 28 208 516 1,176 400 262 406 37 105 40 134 113 337 956 253 145 244 27 53 25 96 95 179 220 148 117 161 10 52 ( 6) 38 134 169 190 129 81 184 17 53 47 ( 6) 513 577 1,007 554 215 567 86 181 157 127 180 233 228 162 49 155 13 59 57 34 751 966 1,182 574 264 713 89 192 314 143 577 373 558 323 202 375 86 129 107 81 ( 6) ( 6) 93 118 27 117 35 88 ( 6) ( 6) New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... North Dakota ........................ Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 4,180 817 8,750 3,834 347 5,690 1,596 1,728 5,957 503 4,120 785 8,522 3,707 300 5,549 1,525 1,642 5,829 495 3,377 527 6,568 2,947 226 4,554 1,137 1,280 4,707 410 170 50 373 228 ( 6) 257 77 100 257 19 648 43 1,097 896 24 1,180 187 282 1,047 101 268 25 565 427 ( 6) 777 115 180 601 65 380 18 532 470 ( 6) 403 72 102 446 36 294 40 471 205 19 260 91 76 313 20 849 164 1,593 728 71 1,222 296 362 1,153 93 321 35 673 174 ( 6) 277 73 79 327 30 1,093 173 2,355 711 82 1,333 382 380 1,588 147 554 175 1,451 513 52 670 257 204 696 60 40 25 129 104 45 100 65 72 88 ( 6) South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Vermont ................................ Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... West Virginia ........................ Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 1,904 392 2,699 9,824 1,039 325 3,395 2,984 796 2,923 250 1,855 350 2,609 9,397 1,010 311 3,309 2,855 774 2,814 230 1,465 259 2,013 7,271 760 243 2,578 2,184 586 2,261 158 119 16 135 564 66 15 223 190 48 125 14 421 49 502 1,273 136 50 420 434 85 659 12 201 31 283 693 91 35 208 321 44 405 6 220 17 220 580 45 16 212 113 41 253 6 81 15 152 614 49 15 191 147 46 123 15 371 79 551 1,921 208 64 634 617 168 535 50 83 19 121 495 60 13 194 154 34 153 7 388 77 548 2,245 232 86 912 638 178 661 42 288 60 362 1,383 179 34 561 426 137 369 51 ( 6) 40 75 333 6 ( ) 11 ( 6) 108 12 101 17 2,064 291 2,065 1,147 1,998 288 1,994 1,092 1,560 174 1,569 837 109 16 136 58 421 10 238 237 231 3 175 124 190 7 63 113 103 23 109 64 413 48 452 225 92 10 130 44 413 60 494 206 296 80 274 163 51 ( 6) 56 43 EMPLOYED Alabama ............................... Alaska ................................... Arizona ................................. Arkansas ............................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Nonagricultural industries Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Employment status and State Manufacturing Total2 Total3 Total4 Construction Total Durable goods Transportation, communications, Nondurable and public utiligoods ties Trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services5 Government Agriculture EMPLOYED–Continued California .............................. 14,966 Colorado ............................... 2,088 Connecticut ........................... 1,635 Delaware .............................. 364 District of Columbia .............. 237 Florida ................................... 6,768 14,286 2,026 1,609 358 233 6,571 10,781 1,598 1,334 295 149 5,302 618 127 68 18 4 424 2,321 244 290 54 5 576 1,446 154 198 17 ( 6) 366 875 90 92 37 4 211 768 119 83 19 13 419 2,680 404 281 67 27 1,532 813 129 132 42 12 493 3,545 561 479 95 87 1,853 2,023 263 175 46 71 847 510 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 144 Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... Idaho ..................................... Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. Maine .................................... 3,730 554 600 5,842 2,985 1,526 1,315 1,824 1,900 623 3,628 535 556 5,728 2,922 1,418 1,242 1,770 1,843 606 2,853 380 406 4,656 2,445 1,115 928 1,401 1,412 463 192 27 38 288 140 56 54 94 115 26 686 20 94 1,015 746 258 188 312 209 105 313 ( 6) 49 596 542 159 104 178 91 49 373 15 45 418 204 99 84 135 118 56 302 42 27 411 155 61 70 107 111 23 664 121 116 1,082 596 311 234 368 365 125 209 29 22 406 156 91 73 82 77 33 797 141 105 1,446 644 334 301 415 473 150 558 102 99 723 326 193 218 254 295 77 69 18 39 92 ( 6) 102 66 42 37 14 Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Montana ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 2,648 3,129 4,776 2,539 1,193 2,765 430 883 847 625 2,575 3,075 4,654 2,407 1,162 2,642 392 792 831 613 1,834 2,498 3,844 1,904 885 2,095 255 611 673 475 153 127 206 125 50 151 20 38 66 26 196 502 1,133 390 241 389 35 102 38 130 109 330 925 248 134 232 25 52 24 93 87 172 208 142 107 157 10 50 ( 6) 37 129 164 185 126 78 176 17 52 45 ( 6) 476 548 953 531 200 539 80 174 150 120 174 225 222 160 49 150 13 58 55 34 706 932 1,140 557 255 684 85 185 304 139 568 365 549 317 197 370 83 128 103 80 ( 6) ( 6) 87 116 25 115 34 87 ( 6) ( 6) New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... North Dakota ........................ Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 3,978 769 8,243 3,705 339 5,448 1,534 1,631 5,673 478 3,921 740 8,037 3,583 293 5,316 1,465 1,552 5,560 471 3,201 489 6,152 2,834 220 4,342 1,084 1,201 4,466 388 156 42 323 216 ( 6) 229 70 92 223 17 620 40 1,033 864 23 1,136 180 267 1,003 95 257 23 541 413 ( 6) 746 112 173 580 61 363 17 492 451 ( 6) 390 68 94 423 34 278 38 449 199 18 251 88 73 306 20 801 149 1,477 691 69 1,156 279 334 1,081 87 308 33 640 171 ( 6) 269 70 76 319 29 1,036 165 2,225 688 80 1,275 366 356 1,511 141 540 171 1,402 509 52 660 253 196 675 59 40 23 118 101 44 95 63 67 78 ( 6) South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Vermont ................................ Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... West Virginia ........................ Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 1,826 381 2,562 9,350 1,008 313 3,271 2,846 749 2,821 238 1,780 339 2,479 8,954 981 301 3,190 2,729 729 2,716 220 1,396 250 1,892 6,882 735 234 2,474 2,071 547 2,174 149 111 14 120 517 62 13 208 173 39 110 12 408 47 470 1,221 133 49 406 420 81 642 11 194 31 264 671 89 34 199 312 42 398 5 214 17 206 550 44 15 207 108 39 244 6 79 15 148 592 48 14 186 141 45 119 14 347 76 509 1,784 201 61 602 573 156 510 47 80 19 117 477 60 13 190 150 32 150 7 370 75 525 2,135 224 83 878 611 169 638 40 283 59 355 1,353 175 33 548 416 132 362 50 ( 6) 40 71 312 ( 6) 10 ( 6) 97 11 97 16 100 24 94 58 896 67 82 95 23 88 54 813 65 80 89 17 77 48 695 58 71 9 4 5 5 77 5 6 19 2 11 13 127 6 12 7 11 1 5 8 73 2 5 5 1 4 2 38 3 5 32 4 32 14 214 20 24 1 1 4 ( 7) 30 3 6 22 5 20 13 208 20 18 5 5 8 5 72 6 6 UNEMPLOYED Alabama ............................... Alaska ................................... Arizona ................................. Arkansas ............................... California .............................. Colorado ............................... Connecticut ........................... See footnotes at end of table. ( 7) 6 6 54 4 7 ( 6) 1 5 2 60 ( 6) 6 ( ) Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Nonagricultural industries Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Employment status and State Manufacturing Total2 Total3 Total4 Construction Total Durable goods Transportation, communications, Nondurable and public utiligoods ties Trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services5 Government Agriculture UNEMPLOYED–Continued Delaware .............................. District of Columbia .............. Florida ................................... 15 19 310 15 19 292 13 13 258 1 2 31 2 ( 7) 25 1 ( 6) 13 1 ( 7) 12 1 1 16 5 4 95 1 1 14 3 6 75 1 5 22 ( 6) ( 6) 11 Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... Idaho ..................................... Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. Maine .................................... 162 34 32 262 103 48 49 95 108 34 151 31 29 253 101 45 47 90 97 31 136 28 24 225 87 40 42 79 87 25 13 7 3 29 9 4 3 15 12 4 31 1 6 42 21 8 6 14 12 3 11 ( 6) 3 22 16 4 4 8 3 1 20 1 3 19 5 4 3 6 9 2 6 2 1 10 2 3 2 3 5 2 48 10 7 63 29 14 17 19 34 8 3 1 1 9 4 1 2 4 1 1 36 7 5 71 22 10 12 24 20 7 9 3 4 19 9 3 3 8 7 3 5 3 3 3 ( 6) 2 2 2 6 2 Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Montana ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 133 121 195 80 65 109 23 22 35 20 128 119 184 75 62 106 22 21 34 19 114 109 167 66 54 96 17 19 28 17 9 17 19 11 3 9 3 2 5 2 12 14 42 10 21 16 2 2 1 3 4 7 30 5 11 12 2 1 1 2 8 7 12 6 10 4 ( 7) 2 ( 6) 1 6 5 6 3 3 8 1 1 2 ( 6) 37 30 53 23 16 28 6 7 8 6 6 8 6 2 9 8 10 5 5 5 4 1 3 1 ( 6) ( 6) 5 ( 7) ( 7) 3 ( 7) 45 34 42 17 9 29 4 6 9 4 New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... North Dakota ........................ Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 202 48 507 129 8 242 62 97 285 25 199 45 484 124 7 233 60 90 269 24 175 38 416 113 6 212 53 79 241 23 14 8 50 12 ( 6) 28 7 8 34 2 28 3 64 33 1 44 7 15 44 6 11 1 25 14 ( 6) 31 3 7 21 4 17 1 40 19 ( 6) 13 4 8 23 2 16 1 22 6 ( 7) 9 3 3 7 1 48 15 116 37 2 65 16 28 72 6 13 2 33 3 ( 6) 8 3 3 8 1 57 9 130 23 1 57 16 23 77 6 15 5 50 4 1 10 4 8 21 1 1 2 11 2 1 5 1 5 10 ( 6) South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Vermont ................................ Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... West Virginia ........................ Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 78 11 137 474 31 12 124 138 47 102 12 74 11 130 444 30 11 119 126 45 98 11 69 9 121 389 25 9 104 113 39 87 9 8 2 16 47 4 2 15 17 8 15 1 13 1 33 52 4 1 14 14 4 17 1 7 1 19 22 2 1 9 10 2 8 7 ( ) 5 1 14 30 1 ( 7) 5 5 2 9 7 ( ) 2 3 4 22 1 ( 7) 5 6 1 4 1 25 3 42 137 7 3 32 44 12 24 4 3 17 1 1 4 3 2 3 7 ( ) 19 2 23 110 8 2 34 27 9 23 3 4 1 7 30 3 1 13 10 5 7 1 ( 6) ( 7) ( 6) 21 1 1 ( 6) 11 1 3 1 4.6 7.5 4.2 4.8 5.7 3.1 4.8 3.9 7.3 4.4 4.6 7.3 4.1 4.7 5.4 3.1 4.7 3.9 7.3 4.3 5.4 8.8 4.5 5.4 6.1 3.5 5.1 4.3 8.1 4.7 7.4 18.9 3.5 7.8 11.1 4.1 8.6 5.4 26.4 6.9 4.3 13.7 4.2 5.3 5.2 2.3 4.1 4.1 7.6 4.2 3.1 12.6 3.3 4.6 3.6 2.2 3.6 7.5 ( 6) 3.4 5.7 14.2 6.7 6.2 7.7 2.5 5.3 2.5 7.2 5.6 4.3 4.3 3.6 3.1 4.7 2.5 5.3 3.6 4.4 3.8 7.2 8.0 6.4 6.0 7.4 4.8 7.8 6.9 12.4 5.9 1.0 4.9 2.9 1.0 3.5 2.2 4.3 2.8 6.2 2.9 5.0 8.1 3.7 5.8 5.6 3.4 3.5 3.2 6.4 3.9 1.7 5.7 2.6 2.9 3.4 2.1 3.1 1.5 5.9 2.6 2.2 ( 6) 7.3 4.6 10.5 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 7.4 ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) 6 3 2 2 1 1 ( 6) ( 6) UNEMPLOYMENT RATE Alabama ............................... Alaska ................................... Arizona ................................. Arkansas ............................... California .............................. Colorado ............................... Connecticut ........................... Delaware .............................. District of Columbia .............. Florida ................................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Nonagricultural industries Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Employment status and State Manufacturing Total2 Total3 Total4 Construction Total Durable goods Transportation, communications, Nondurable and public utiligoods ties Trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services5 Government Agriculture UNEMPLOYMENT RATE–Continued Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... Idaho ..................................... Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. Maine .................................... 4.2 5.8 5.0 4.3 3.3 3.0 3.6 5.0 5.4 5.2 4.0 5.5 4.9 4.2 3.3 3.0 3.7 4.8 5.1 4.8 4.5 6.8 5.6 4.6 3.4 3.4 4.3 5.4 5.9 5.1 6.3 21.3 7.3 9.1 6.0 6.7 4.9 13.6 9.5 13.2 4.3 3.8 6.2 3.9 2.7 2.9 3.3 4.3 5.6 3.1 3.3 ( 6) 6.0 3.6 2.9 2.5 3.7 4.3 3.3 2.9 5.1 4.0 6.6 4.4 2.3 3.5 2.9 4.3 7.2 3.4 2.0 4.3 3.1 2.5 1.4 4.3 2.2 2.5 4.5 6.2 6.7 7.8 5.9 5.5 4.7 4.3 6.7 4.9 8.6 5.7 1.4 3.0 3.4 2.3 2.3 .8 2.4 4.5 1.7 2.8 4.3 4.5 4.9 4.7 3.3 3.0 4.0 5.5 4.1 4.7 1.5 2.5 3.5 2.5 2.8 1.7 1.3 3.1 2.4 4.0 6.2 12.8 6.0 3.3 ( 6) 2.3 2.6 5.0 13.3 11.5 Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Montana ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 4.8 3.7 4.0 3.0 5.1 3.8 5.1 2.4 3.9 3.0 4.8 3.7 3.9 3.0 5.1 3.9 5.3 2.5 3.9 2.9 5.9 4.2 4.3 3.3 5.7 4.4 6.1 3.0 4.0 3.4 5.3 11.8 8.5 8.0 6.5 5.7 12.9 4.9 7.0 6.0 5.7 2.7 3.7 2.6 8.0 4.0 5.3 2.1 3.5 2.4 3.7 2.1 3.2 1.8 7.6 4.9 5.7 1.3 4.2 2.6 8.1 3.8 5.5 4.0 8.6 2.7 4.3 2.9 ( 6) 2.1 4.3 2.9 3.0 2.6 3.9 4.5 4.6 2.2 4.8 ( 6) 7.2 5.1 5.4 4.1 7.3 4.9 6.9 3.8 4.8 4.8 3.5 3.5 2.6 1.2 .9 3.1 3.5 .6 4.7 1.2 6.0 3.5 3.6 2.9 3.5 4.1 4.0 3.3 3.0 3.1 1.5 2.1 1.8 1.7 2.7 1.3 4.2 1.1 2.9 1.6 ( 6) ( 6) 6.5 2.3 8.1 1.9 2.6 1.1 ( 6) ( 6) New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... North Dakota ........................ Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 4.9 5.8 5.8 3.4 2.4 4.2 3.9 5.6 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.7 5.7 3.3 2.4 4.2 3.9 5.5 4.6 4.8 5.2 7.2 6.3 3.8 2.8 4.6 4.6 6.1 5.1 5.5 8.2 16.5 13.4 5.1 ( 6) 11.0 9.3 7.7 13.0 11.1 4.3 6.0 5.8 3.7 3.0 3.7 4.0 5.2 4.2 6.2 4.1 5.8 4.4 3.2 ( 6) 4.0 2.7 3.6 3.5 6.4 4.4 6.2 7.4 4.1 ( 6) 3.2 6.1 8.0 5.1 6.0 5.4 3.5 4.6 2.7 1.5 3.4 2.9 3.7 2.3 3.9 5.7 9.1 7.2 5.0 3.3 5.3 5.6 7.6 6.2 6.8 4.0 5.6 4.9 1.8 ( 6) 2.8 3.5 3.5 2.3 2.5 5.2 4.9 5.5 3.2 1.8 4.3 4.1 6.1 4.8 4.2 2.6 2.6 3.4 .8 1.6 1.6 1.5 3.8 3.0 1.7 1.7 6.6 8.3 2.3 1.9 4.7 2.3 7.1 11.6 ( 6) South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Vermont ................................ Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... West Virginia ........................ Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 4.1 2.9 5.1 4.8 3.0 3.7 3.7 4.6 5.9 3.5 4.7 4.0 3.1 5.0 4.7 3.0 3.5 3.6 4.4 5.8 3.4 4.5 4.7 3.5 6.0 5.3 3.3 3.9 4.0 5.2 6.7 3.8 5.7 7.1 10.5 11.6 8.2 5.4 11.8 6.8 9.1 17.3 12.0 10.0 3.0 2.5 6.5 4.0 2.7 2.6 3.4 3.3 4.7 2.5 5.6 3.7 2.0 6.7 3.2 2.5 2.9 4.4 3.1 4.6 1.9 4.0 2.4 3.4 6.2 5.1 3.1 2.0 2.5 4.0 5.0 3.6 7.0 2.3 1.4 2.7 3.5 2.1 3.1 2.6 4.2 2.4 3.1 3.8 6.7 3.7 7.5 7.1 3.6 4.5 5.0 7.1 7.2 4.5 7.1 3.5 1.3 2.6 3.5 1.4 3.9 2.1 2.2 5.2 2.0 .3 4.8 3.2 4.2 4.9 3.7 2.8 3.7 4.2 5.2 3.5 5.9 1.5 2.2 1.8 2.2 2.0 1.9 2.3 2.4 3.5 1.9 1.7 ( 6) 1.2 5.4 6.3 ( 6) 5.3 ( 6) 10.5 9.2 3.4 5.6 1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience. 2 Includes private household workers, self-employed and unpaid family workers, and mining. 3 Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers and mining. 4 Includes mining. 5 Excludes private household workers. 6 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. 7 Less than 500 persons. NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates because of rounding. Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1997 annual averages Total employed1 Nonagricultural industries Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and State Number (In thousands) Percent Total2 Total3 Construction Total NonDurable durable goods goods Transportation, communications, and public utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services4 Government Agriculture TOTAL Alabama ............................... Alaska ................................... Arizona ................................. Arkansas ............................... California .............................. Colorado ............................... Connecticut ........................... Delaware .............................. District of Columbia .............. Florida ................................... 2,064 291 2,065 1,147 14,966 2,088 1,635 364 237 6,768 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 96.8 99.1 96.6 95.2 95.5 97.0 98.4 98.3 98.4 97.1 75.6 59.9 76.0 73.0 72.0 76.6 81.6 80.9 62.8 78.3 5.3 5.4 6.6 5.1 4.1 6.1 4.2 5.0 1.8 6.3 20.4 3.4 11.5 20.7 15.5 11.7 17.7 14.7 2.1 8.5 11.2 1.1 8.5 10.8 9.7 7.4 12.1 4.6 .4 5.4 9.2 2.3 3.1 9.9 5.8 4.3 5.6 10.2 1.7 3.1 5.0 8.0 5.3 5.6 5.1 5.7 5.1 5.2 5.7 6.2 20.0 16.5 21.9 19.7 17.9 19.4 17.2 18.3 11.3 22.6 4.4 3.4 6.3 3.8 5.4 6.2 8.1 11.5 5.3 7.3 20.0 20.5 23.9 18.0 23.7 26.9 29.3 26.0 36.7 27.4 14.3 27.4 13.3 14.3 13.5 12.6 10.7 12.7 29.9 12.5 2.5 .5 2.7 3.8 3.4 2.3 1.2 1.4 .4 2.1 Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... Idaho ..................................... Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. Maine .................................... 3,730 554 600 5,842 2,985 1,526 1,315 1,824 1,900 623 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.3 96.5 92.7 98.1 97.9 92.9 94.4 97.0 97.0 97.2 76.5 68.6 67.7 79.7 81.9 73.1 70.6 76.8 74.3 74.4 5.1 4.9 6.4 4.9 4.7 3.6 4.1 5.1 6.1 4.2 18.4 3.7 15.6 17.4 25.0 16.9 14.3 17.1 11.0 16.8 8.4 1.0 8.2 10.2 18.1 10.4 7.9 9.7 4.8 7.8 10.0 2.7 7.5 7.2 6.8 6.5 6.4 7.4 6.2 9.0 8.1 7.5 4.5 7.0 5.2 4.0 5.3 5.9 5.8 3.7 17.8 21.8 19.3 18.5 20.0 20.4 17.8 20.1 19.2 20.1 5.6 5.3 3.7 7.0 5.2 6.0 5.6 4.5 4.1 5.4 21.4 25.5 17.5 24.8 21.6 21.9 22.9 22.7 24.9 24.0 15.0 18.4 16.5 12.4 10.9 12.7 16.5 13.9 15.5 12.4 1.9 3.2 6.5 1.6 1.9 6.7 5.0 2.3 1.9 2.2 Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Montana ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 2,648 3,129 4,776 2,539 1,193 2,765 430 883 847 625 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.3 98.2 97.5 94.8 97.4 95.5 91.3 89.7 98.1 98.1 69.3 79.8 80.5 75.0 74.2 75.8 59.2 69.2 79.5 76.0 5.8 4.0 4.3 4.9 4.2 5.5 4.6 4.3 7.8 4.2 7.4 16.1 23.7 15.3 20.2 14.1 8.1 11.6 4.5 20.9 4.1 10.5 19.4 9.8 11.2 8.4 5.9 5.9 2.9 15.0 3.3 5.5 4.4 5.6 9.0 5.7 2.3 5.7 1.7 5.9 4.9 5.2 3.9 5.0 6.5 6.4 3.9 5.9 5.3 3.9 18.0 17.5 20.0 20.9 16.7 19.5 18.7 19.7 17.7 19.3 6.6 7.2 4.6 6.3 4.1 5.4 3.0 6.6 6.5 5.4 26.7 29.8 23.9 22.0 21.4 24.7 19.9 21.0 35.9 22.2 21.5 11.7 11.5 12.5 16.5 13.4 19.2 14.5 12.2 12.8 1.8 1.3 1.8 4.6 2.1 4.1 7.9 9.8 1.7 1.3 New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... North Dakota ........................ Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 3,978 769 8,243 3,705 339 5,448 1,534 1,631 5,673 478 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.6 96.2 97.5 96.7 86.4 97.6 95.5 95.1 98.0 98.5 80.5 63.6 74.6 76.5 64.9 79.7 70.7 73.7 78.7 81.1 3.9 5.4 3.9 5.8 3.8 4.2 4.6 5.7 3.9 3.5 15.6 5.3 12.5 23.3 6.8 20.8 11.7 16.4 17.7 19.9 6.5 3.0 6.6 11.1 3.9 13.7 7.3 10.6 10.2 12.8 9.1 2.2 6.0 12.2 3.0 7.2 4.4 5.8 7.5 7.1 7.0 5.0 5.5 5.4 5.4 4.6 5.7 4.5 5.4 4.1 20.1 19.4 17.9 18.7 20.4 21.2 18.2 20.5 19.1 18.2 7.7 4.3 7.8 4.6 3.8 4.9 4.6 4.6 5.6 6.1 26.1 21.4 27.0 18.6 23.7 23.4 23.9 21.8 26.6 29.4 13.6 22.2 17.0 13.7 15.2 12.1 16.5 12.0 11.9 12.3 1.0 3.0 1.4 2.7 12.9 1.7 4.1 4.1 1.4 1.0 South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Vermont ................................ Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... West Virginia ........................ Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 1,826 381 2,562 9,350 1,008 313 3,271 2,846 749 2,821 238 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.5 89.1 96.7 95.8 97.3 96.1 97.5 95.9 97.2 96.3 92.4 76.4 65.6 73.9 73.6 72.9 74.8 75.6 72.8 73.0 77.1 62.5 6.1 3.7 4.7 5.5 6.2 4.3 6.3 6.1 5.2 3.9 5.2 22.3 12.5 18.3 13.1 13.2 15.6 12.4 14.8 10.8 22.8 4.7 10.6 8.0 10.3 7.2 8.8 10.7 6.1 10.9 5.6 14.1 2.3 11.7 4.4 8.0 5.9 4.3 4.9 6.3 3.8 5.1 8.7 2.4 4.3 3.8 5.8 6.3 4.7 4.5 5.7 5.0 6.0 4.2 6.0 19.0 20.1 19.9 19.1 19.9 19.5 18.4 20.1 20.8 18.1 19.6 4.4 5.0 4.6 5.1 5.9 4.1 5.8 5.3 4.3 5.3 3.1 20.2 19.6 20.5 22.8 22.2 26.7 26.9 21.5 22.5 22.6 16.6 15.5 15.4 13.9 14.5 17.4 10.6 16.8 14.6 17.7 12.8 21.1 1.8 10.4 2.8 3.3 2.3 3.3 2.0 3.4 1.5 3.4 6.7 1,116 157 1,150 603 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 96.1 99.2 95.8 94.4 75.8 59.9 77.6 73.3 8.3 8.7 10.6 8.6 24.4 4.3 14.4 24.7 16.1 1.6 10.8 15.1 8.4 2.7 3.6 9.6 7.4 9.6 5.9 8.1 18.4 15.3 22.8 17.9 3.1 1.9 4.2 2.5 13.2 16.3 19.1 11.2 11.8 26.0 11.4 12.0 3.8 .6 4.0 5.5 Men Alabama ............................... Alaska ................................... Arizona ................................. Arkansas ............................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total employed1 Nonagricultural industries Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and State Number (In thousands) Percent Total2 Total3 Construction Total NonDurable durable goods goods Transportation, communications, and public utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services4 Government Agriculture Men–Continued California .............................. Colorado ............................... Connecticut ........................... Delaware .............................. District of Columbia .............. Florida ................................... 8,355 1,129 835 186 117 3,632 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 94.9 96.8 98.4 98.3 99.3 96.9 73.4 77.9 80.7 82.5 66.1 79.3 6.6 9.7 7.5 8.8 3.3 10.4 18.5 14.7 23.1 19.7 2.2 10.5 12.4 9.5 16.7 7.0 .2 7.1 6.1 5.3 6.5 12.8 2.0 3.4 6.3 7.2 6.6 8.2 8.2 7.8 18.1 20.0 17.3 18.7 12.7 23.4 4.2 4.1 5.9 8.4 6.2 5.4 19.4 21.2 20.2 18.6 33.5 21.6 10.6 11.2 9.8 10.7 26.3 10.2 4.8 3.1 1.6 1.5 .4 3.0 Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... Idaho ..................................... Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. Maine .................................... 1,990 279 330 3,149 1,614 795 701 964 1,009 329 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 96.8 95.3 91.0 97.9 97.5 90.1 93.0 96.7 97.1 96.5 79.7 69.0 69.4 80.9 82.6 71.8 71.1 79.1 76.8 73.0 8.7 8.6 10.1 8.2 8.0 6.5 7.2 8.7 10.3 7.3 22.8 4.6 19.1 22.1 31.9 23.3 18.8 22.0 15.5 21.9 11.5 1.4 11.2 13.8 24.0 15.0 11.3 13.4 7.8 10.9 11.3 3.2 7.9 8.3 7.9 8.2 7.5 8.6 7.7 11.0 10.4 10.6 5.9 9.1 7.3 5.6 6.9 8.5 8.0 5.2 17.0 20.0 18.1 18.3 18.7 19.6 17.9 18.0 18.3 19.0 4.3 4.5 1.9 5.6 3.0 3.4 4.0 2.9 2.5 3.4 16.4 20.7 13.4 17.3 13.3 13.0 15.7 16.5 16.8 16.1 10.4 15.8 12.8 10.4 9.1 10.3 14.6 11.1 12.0 11.1 2.9 4.4 8.7 2.1 2.5 9.9 6.9 3.3 2.7 3.1 Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Montana ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 1,370 1,637 2,555 1,368 633 1,427 228 472 471 338 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.5 98.4 97.3 93.6 97.0 93.7 89.1 85.6 97.7 98.4 71.6 80.6 82.9 75.5 76.3 76.2 58.1 68.9 80.7 77.7 10.0 6.9 7.0 8.4 7.4 9.8 7.7 7.5 12.7 7.0 10.0 21.2 32.2 19.4 25.0 19.0 12.0 14.7 5.7 25.2 6.4 14.1 27.3 12.8 15.8 11.8 9.1 8.3 3.7 17.7 3.6 7.1 4.9 6.6 9.2 7.3 2.9 6.4 2.0 7.5 6.2 6.9 5.0 6.0 9.4 9.0 5.2 7.8 6.2 4.5 18.4 17.7 18.9 20.0 14.6 18.4 17.0 19.6 16.6 20.5 4.6 6.2 2.9 4.4 2.7 3.5 1.7 6.1 4.4 3.9 22.3 21.8 16.8 16.2 15.1 16.1 12.8 13.0 32.2 16.5 18.5 10.3 8.8 10.4 12.4 10.9 16.8 11.1 9.9 10.2 2.5 1.6 2.6 6.4 3.0 6.3 10.7 14.4 2.3 1.6 New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... North Dakota ........................ Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 2,129 420 4,416 1,976 179 2,904 830 902 3,006 247 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.9 95.7 97.9 96.0 81.1 97.6 93.9 94.8 98.2 98.7 81.4 65.1 75.8 78.3 61.0 80.3 70.1 75.9 78.5 81.3 6.7 8.7 6.7 9.9 6.6 6.7 7.8 9.3 6.9 6.3 19.2 7.2 14.6 26.8 9.2 28.1 15.0 22.0 23.2 25.6 8.6 4.5 8.6 14.0 6.0 19.8 9.6 15.2 14.8 16.1 10.6 2.6 6.0 12.9 3.2 8.3 5.4 6.8 8.4 9.5 9.2 6.9 7.3 7.5 7.8 6.5 7.5 6.4 7.4 6.1 20.3 19.0 19.3 18.7 20.8 18.9 17.2 19.4 18.4 17.8 7.2 2.6 7.2 3.0 2.4 3.5 2.9 3.3 3.7 4.8 18.7 16.1 20.5 12.1 12.6 15.9 16.6 15.4 18.3 20.8 12.2 20.0 15.2 9.7 13.0 11.0 14.3 9.0 10.5 10.4 1.1 4.2 2.0 3.9 18.9 2.3 5.9 5.1 1.7 1.3 South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Vermont ................................ Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... West Virginia ........................ Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 967 199 1,339 5,164 557 160 1,729 1,574 403 1,492 130 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.6 84.8 96.2 95.0 96.7 95.7 97.1 95.4 97.8 95.3 91.9 80.2 62.6 75.0 75.7 74.0 74.2 77.2 74.3 76.2 77.2 65.5 10.8 6.3 7.9 9.2 10.1 7.2 10.9 9.9 9.3 6.8 7.8 27.9 14.7 21.9 16.6 16.6 20.0 15.3 19.9 15.1 30.0 6.3 14.1 9.4 13.6 9.4 11.7 14.5 8.3 15.4 8.9 19.9 3.3 13.8 5.3 8.3 7.3 4.9 5.5 7.0 4.5 6.2 10.1 3.0 5.5 5.5 8.1 8.1 5.6 6.5 7.7 6.2 8.9 6.0 9.7 17.8 19.7 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.5 17.3 19.0 19.9 17.2 17.5 3.4 3.4 2.9 3.6 4.6 2.4 4.2 3.6 2.4 2.7 1.6 14.8 11.5 15.2 16.9 17.2 19.3 21.5 15.5 15.0 14.2 11.4 10.6 13.9 9.8 11.2 14.6 8.8 14.3 12.6 14.4 10.8 18.2 2.3 15.2 3.8 4.8 3.3 4.2 2.6 4.3 1.8 4.6 7.9 948 134 914 544 6,611 959 800 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.7 99.0 97.5 96.2 96.1 97.3 98.4 75.3 59.8 74.0 72.6 70.4 74.9 82.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.8 .7 15.6 2.4 7.9 16.1 11.7 8.1 12.1 5.4 .5 5.5 6.0 6.2 4.9 7.4 10.2 2.0 2.4 10.2 5.5 3.2 4.7 2.1 6.2 4.5 2.7 3.6 4.0 3.6 21.9 17.8 20.8 21.6 17.7 18.6 17.1 6.0 5.1 8.9 5.4 7.0 8.7 10.4 28.0 25.4 29.9 25.5 29.1 33.5 38.7 17.2 29.0 15.7 16.7 17.2 14.2 11.7 .9 .5 1.2 1.8 1.6 1.3 .8 Women Alabama ............................... Alaska ................................... Arizona ................................. Arkansas ............................... California .............................. Colorado ............................... Connecticut ........................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total employed1 Nonagricultural industries Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and State Number (In thousands) Percent Total2 Total3 Construction Total NonDurable durable goods goods Transportation, communications, and public utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services4 Government Agriculture Women–Continued Delaware .............................. District of Columbia .............. Florida ................................... 178 120 3,136 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.3 97.5 97.3 79.1 59.6 77.3 1.1 .3 1.4 9.5 2.0 6.2 2.0 .6 3.4 7.4 1.5 2.8 2.0 3.2 4.3 17.9 9.9 21.7 14.8 4.3 9.5 33.8 39.9 34.1 14.8 33.3 15.2 1.2 .4 1.2 Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... Idaho ..................................... Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. Maine .................................... 1,740 275 269 2,692 1,371 731 613 860 891 294 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.8 97.8 94.7 98.3 98.4 96.0 96.0 97.4 96.9 97.9 72.8 68.1 65.6 78.3 81.0 74.5 70.0 74.2 71.4 75.9 1.1 1.1 1.8 1.1 .8 .6 .6 1.1 1.3 .8 13.3 2.7 11.4 11.9 16.9 10.0 9.2 11.7 5.9 11.2 4.8 .5 4.5 6.1 11.3 5.3 4.1 5.6 1.4 4.4 8.5 2.2 6.9 5.8 5.6 4.6 5.1 6.1 4.5 6.8 5.5 4.3 2.9 4.6 2.6 2.3 3.5 2.9 3.3 2.1 18.7 23.5 20.9 18.7 21.5 21.2 17.7 22.6 20.2 21.4 7.1 6.1 6.0 8.5 7.8 8.8 7.4 6.2 5.8 7.5 27.1 30.3 22.4 33.4 31.4 31.6 31.1 29.7 34.0 32.9 20.2 21.0 20.9 14.6 13.1 15.2 18.8 17.2 19.5 13.9 .6 1.9 3.8 1.0 1.2 3.3 2.8 1.2 1.0 1.2 Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Montana ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 1,277 1,493 2,221 1,171 560 1,339 202 410 376 287 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.0 98.1 97.6 96.2 97.9 97.5 93.9 94.4 98.6 97.9 66.8 78.9 77.7 74.4 71.9 75.4 60.6 69.6 78.0 73.9 1.2 1.0 1.2 .9 .6 .8 1.2 .6 1.8 .9 4.6 10.4 14.0 10.6 14.7 8.8 3.8 8.0 3.1 15.8 1.7 6.6 10.3 6.2 6.1 4.8 2.3 3.2 1.8 11.7 2.9 3.8 3.7 4.4 8.7 4.0 1.6 4.8 1.2 4.1 3.4 3.4 2.6 3.7 3.2 3.6 2.3 3.7 4.1 3.2 17.5 17.3 21.2 22.0 19.1 20.7 20.5 19.8 19.0 17.9 8.7 8.3 6.6 8.6 5.7 7.5 4.5 7.2 9.1 7.2 31.4 38.5 32.0 28.7 28.5 33.9 27.8 30.3 40.5 28.9 24.6 13.2 14.6 15.0 21.1 16.1 22.0 18.3 15.2 16.0 1.1 .9 1.0 2.4 1.1 1.9 4.8 4.6 .9 1.1 New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... North Dakota ........................ Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 1,849 349 3,827 1,729 160 2,544 704 729 2,667 231 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.3 96.8 97.1 97.4 92.4 97.5 97.4 95.6 97.8 98.3 79.4 61.8 73.3 74.4 69.2 79.0 71.4 70.9 78.9 80.9 .7 1.4 .7 1.1 .6 1.3 .7 1.1 .7 .5 11.4 3.0 10.1 19.3 4.2 12.6 7.8 9.5 11.4 13.8 4.0 1.3 4.3 7.9 1.5 6.7 4.6 4.9 5.1 9.2 7.5 1.7 5.9 11.4 2.7 5.8 3.2 4.5 6.4 4.5 4.4 2.7 3.4 3.0 2.8 2.5 3.7 2.1 3.1 2.0 19.9 19.9 16.3 18.6 20.0 23.9 19.3 21.9 19.8 18.6 8.4 6.3 8.4 6.5 5.5 6.6 6.5 6.3 7.8 7.4 34.5 27.9 34.4 25.9 36.0 32.0 32.4 29.9 36.0 38.6 15.2 24.8 19.1 18.4 17.8 13.4 19.0 15.7 13.5 14.4 .9 1.6 .8 1.4 6.3 1.2 2.0 2.9 1.0 .7 South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Vermont ................................ Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... West Virginia ........................ Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 860 181 1,223 4,186 451 153 1,542 1,272 346 1,329 107 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.3 93.9 97.3 96.7 98.1 96.6 98.0 96.5 96.5 97.4 93.0 72.1 69.0 72.7 71.0 71.6 75.4 73.9 70.9 69.2 76.9 59.0 .8 .8 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.4 .5 .6 2.1 16.1 9.9 14.4 8.7 8.9 11.0 9.1 8.4 5.7 14.6 2.8 6.7 6.5 6.7 4.5 5.2 6.7 3.5 5.4 1.8 7.5 1.0 9.4 3.4 7.7 4.2 3.7 4.2 5.6 2.9 3.9 7.1 1.7 3.1 2.0 3.2 4.1 3.7 2.4 3.4 3.5 2.6 2.2 1.4 20.3 20.5 21.2 19.5 21.4 20.5 19.6 21.5 22.0 19.1 22.1 5.5 6.6 6.4 7.0 7.6 5.9 7.6 7.3 6.5 8.3 4.9 26.4 28.7 26.2 30.1 28.3 34.4 32.9 28.8 31.3 32.0 23.0 21.0 17.1 18.3 18.5 20.7 12.5 19.6 17.1 21.5 15.2 24.6 1.2 5.2 1.7 1.5 1.2 2.3 1.3 2.2 1.2 2.1 5.2 1,564 246 1,892 977 12,188 1,952 1,426 278 99 5,723 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 96.6 99.1 96.4 95.1 94.8 96.8 98.4 97.9 99.0 97.2 74.8 61.8 76.1 72.9 71.6 76.3 81.3 81.0 65.9 78.7 6.0 5.7 6.7 5.3 4.7 6.2 4.7 5.8 1.7 6.4 18.0 3.7 11.1 19.8 15.0 11.6 18.5 14.3 3.1 8.6 10.6 1.1 8.3 10.4 9.1 7.3 12.5 4.7 .3 5.6 7.4 2.5 2.8 9.4 5.9 4.3 6.0 9.6 2.8 3.0 5.0 8.3 5.3 5.9 5.0 5.6 4.6 4.9 4.2 6.1 20.1 16.9 22.3 20.3 18.2 18.9 16.8 19.3 8.7 22.7 5.0 3.5 6.4 4.0 5.3 6.5 8.3 10.8 6.5 7.7 20.3 21.0 23.7 17.3 23.2 26.8 28.4 25.8 41.7 27.0 13.3 24.4 12.9 13.4 12.8 12.5 10.3 11.7 25.4 11.8 2.9 .5 2.9 4.2 3.9 2.4 1.2 1.8 .4 2.1 White Alabama ............................... Alaska ................................... Arizona ................................. Arkansas ............................... California .............................. Colorado ............................... Connecticut ........................... Delaware .............................. District of Columbia .............. Florida ................................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total employed1 Nonagricultural industries Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and State Number (In thousands) Percent Total2 Total3 Construction Total NonDurable durable goods goods Transportation, communications, and public utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services4 Government Agriculture White–Continued Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... Idaho ..................................... Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. Maine .................................... 2,615 158 587 4,943 2,768 1,465 1,196 1,674 1,371 615 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.0 95.6 92.6 97.8 97.8 92.7 93.9 96.9 97.1 97.1 76.0 63.8 67.6 80.2 81.8 72.6 70.5 76.3 74.8 74.2 5.3 ( 5) 6.4 5.4 4.9 ( 5) 4.3 5.5 6.7 4.2 16.7 4.6 15.4 18.2 25.2 16.4 14.0 16.5 10.1 16.8 8.2 1.2 8.0 10.8 18.4 10.3 8.0 9.5 4.9 7.8 8.5 3.4 7.4 7.4 6.8 6.0 5.9 7.0 5.2 9.0 8.2 6.3 4.5 6.8 5.1 4.1 5.4 5.8 6.0 3.7 18.2 16.4 19.3 18.9 20.1 20.5 17.7 20.5 19.0 20.1 6.2 5.0 3.7 7.1 5.2 6.0 5.6 4.5 4.9 5.4 21.2 26.2 17.5 23.7 21.1 21.6 23.0 22.0 24.2 24.0 14.3 15.9 16.4 11.4 10.7 12.7 15.7 14.0 14.7 12.5 2.4 4.1 6.6 1.8 2.0 6.9 5.5 2.5 2.3 2.2 Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Montana ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 1,931 2,908 4,152 2,420 797 2,502 406 834 749 606 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.0 98.2 97.2 94.6 97.0 95.2 91.2 89.2 97.9 98.2 70.4 79.5 80.7 74.8 72.8 76.2 60.1 68.5 79.7 75.6 6.6 4.2 4.7 5.1 4.8 5.9 4.6 4.4 8.1 4.3 7.4 15.6 23.4 15.2 14.8 14.5 8.1 11.2 4.7 20.4 4.7 10.3 19.1 9.7 8.4 8.7 5.8 5.9 3.2 14.5 2.7 5.3 4.3 5.5 6.4 5.8 2.3 5.3 1.5 ( 5) 4.7 5.3 3.8 5.0 6.9 6.3 4.0 6.1 5.2 3.9 19.0 17.8 20.7 21.0 17.0 19.9 18.9 20.0 18.2 19.4 6.8 7.2 4.8 6.1 5.0 5.3 3.1 6.4 7.1 5.4 25.9 29.4 23.1 21.7 22.9 24.1 20.2 20.4 34.4 22.1 19.4 11.6 10.7 12.4 16.0 12.4 17.8 14.7 11.7 12.9 2.1 1.3 2.0 4.7 2.6 4.4 8.1 10.3 1.8 1.3 New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... North Dakota ........................ Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 3,262 692 6,550 2,862 327 4,855 1,301 1,525 5,154 447 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.5 95.9 97.5 96.5 86.1 97.5 95.1 95.2 98.0 98.5 81.1 63.9 75.0 76.7 65.0 80.0 71.3 73.4 79.1 80.8 4.5 5.5 4.1 6.6 3.8 4.3 4.7 5.7 4.1 3.7 15.6 5.1 13.2 21.9 6.6 21.3 11.5 15.9 18.4 19.0 6.4 2.8 7.4 11.5 3.6 13.8 7.1 10.4 10.9 12.5 9.2 2.3 5.8 10.4 3.0 7.5 4.4 5.5 7.5 6.5 6.8 5.2 5.4 5.4 5.4 4.6 5.7 4.3 5.4 4.2 21.2 19.4 18.7 19.4 20.6 21.4 18.3 20.3 19.5 18.5 7.9 4.5 7.7 4.9 4.0 5.0 4.8 4.6 5.4 6.1 25.1 21.2 25.9 18.3 23.6 22.9 24.1 22.3 25.8 29.4 12.5 21.3 16.1 12.7 14.7 11.6 15.5 12.0 11.3 12.4 1.2 ( 5) 1.7 3.1 ( 5) 1.9 4.5 4.1 1.4 ( 5) South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Vermont ................................ Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... West Virginia ........................ Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 1,346 361 2,058 7,977 963 308 2,544 2,599 729 2,674 232 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.9 88.6 96.1 95.3 97.3 96.1 97.4 95.7 97.3 96.1 92.3 77.4 65.9 73.2 73.5 72.5 74.7 76.0 72.6 73.0 76.9 62.1 6.5 ( 5) 5.1 6.1 6.1 4.3 6.9 6.5 ( 5) 4.0 5.0 20.5 12.2 18.9 13.2 12.7 15.4 12.1 14.6 10.5 22.8 4.7 9.9 8.3 10.7 7.1 8.3 10.6 6.0 10.7 5.6 14.1 2.3 10.6 3.9 8.2 6.1 4.4 4.9 6.1 3.9 4.9 8.8 2.4 4.3 4.0 5.0 6.0 4.7 4.6 5.4 4.9 6.1 4.3 6.0 19.6 20.3 19.9 18.8 19.6 19.2 18.7 19.9 20.9 18.2 19.4 5.4 5.0 4.4 5.3 ( 5) 4.2 6.1 5.5 4.3 5.4 3.1 21.1 19.7 19.7 22.4 22.4 26.8 26.6 21.1 22.4 21.9 16.4 13.7 14.3 12.4 13.7 17.5 10.7 15.6 14.2 17.6 12.7 21.2 1.8 10.9 3.3 3.8 2.3 3.3 2.2 3.6 ( 5) ( 5) 6.8 Alabama ............................... Alaska ................................... Arizona ................................. Arkansas ............................... California .............................. Colorado ............................... Connecticut ........................... Delaware .............................. District of Columbia .............. Florida ................................... 478 9 76 150 864 68 185 76 133 894 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.4 99.7 98.8 95.9 98.7 99.5 98.0 99.7 98.2 96.3 77.3 63.3 74.4 73.0 66.8 85.2 82.0 80.6 60.5 75.5 2.9 4.3 2.9 4.2 2.3 3.5 .4 2.7 2.0 5.6 27.8 ( 5) 7.1 24.4 9.2 15.9 10.6 15.7 1.4 7.7 13.3 ( 5) 3.0 12.4 5.8 10.4 7.8 3.6 .5 4.1 14.5 ( 5) 4.1 12.0 3.4 5.5 2.8 12.1 .9 3.6 5.2 5.8 4.2 ( 5) 7.9 10.0 9.6 6.7 6.7 6.7 20.1 19.2 14.6 14.9 14.7 25.1 20.7 14.7 13.3 21.3 2.6 5.6 7.7 2.9 6.1 4.0 6.3 14.6 4.4 5.3 18.2 27.0 37.8 22.5 26.3 26.6 34.4 26.2 32.8 28.8 18.0 33.8 21.8 20.0 26.5 13.4 14.4 16.4 33.3 17.9 1.3 .1 .4 1.8 .6 .2 1.2 5 ( ) ( 5) 2.4 Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... 1,058 10 100.0 100.0 97.9 99.4 77.6 56.8 4.8 ( 5) 22.2 ( 5) 8.6 ( 5) 13.6 ( 5) 7.9 4.6 16.2 8.2 4.1 13.0 22.3 31.0 16.8 35.0 .5 ( 5) Black See footnotes at end of table. Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total employed1 Nonagricultural industries Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and State Number (In thousands) Percent Total2 Total3 Construction Total NonDurable durable goods goods Transportation, communications, and public utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services4 Government Agriculture Black–Continued Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. 712 191 35 76 134 497 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.5 99.4 100.0 99.2 98.2 96.5 76.0 81.8 84.2 71.0 81.7 73.1 2.4 1.5 ( 5) 2.3 .7 4.6 11.9 21.8 31.0 18.3 25.1 13.6 6.0 15.1 ( 5) 7.5 13.1 4.5 5.9 6.7 17.7 10.8 12.1 9.1 8.8 ( 5) 2.8 5.6 6.3 5.6 15.4 16.4 19.9 17.9 17.0 19.6 6.6 6.4 3.9 6.1 4.4 ( 5) 30.9 27.9 26.6 20.5 28.0 26.2 19.4 15.2 14.0 24.0 14.4 18.0 .2 ( 5) 5 ( ) .2 .2 1.0 Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 618 135 506 61 381 230 24 48 7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.1 98.7 98.7 98.1 98.3 99.1 99.6 99.7 96.7 66.1 82.9 78.5 85.1 77.2 71.0 75.5 76.9 90.2 4.0 2.3 1.5 ( 5) 3.0 1.8 1.1 6.3 ( 5) 8.1 15.5 25.0 15.1 31.6 9.4 18.2 3.3 18.6 2.9 8.5 21.1 4.6 17.0 5.2 7.3 .4 18.6 5.2 7.0 3.9 10.6 14.6 4.3 10.9 2.9 ( 5) 5.8 6.4 5.0 5.2 5.7 6.8 2.9 5.6 .9 14.4 9.6 15.2 23.3 16.1 15.4 13.1 11.9 19.6 5.9 8.9 3.7 12.0 2.2 6.5 14.7 2.2 4.4 27.7 40.1 28.1 29.4 18.0 31.0 25.5 47.6 46.7 29.2 14.3 17.4 7.9 17.8 25.5 12.9 19.4 6.5 1.0 .1 .3 ( 5) 1.2 .8 .4 .3 ( 5) New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 523 12 1,199 717 506 108 27 416 24 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.8 100.0 97.5 97.5 98.1 99.6 99.6 98.0 98.6 73.8 64.7 69.9 75.6 77.1 69.9 71.2 74.4 83.7 1.5 3.4 3.6 2.5 3.4 3.2 3.8 2.5 .9 13.6 1.3 7.9 26.5 16.5 11.9 9.9 7.4 31.4 6.0 1.3 3.4 10.0 12.6 6.9 3.3 2.5 13.8 7.6 ( 5) 4.5 16.5 3.8 5.0 6.6 4.9 17.5 8.5 .5 6.4 5.9 5.8 6.7 12.7 6.1 ( 5) 13.1 26.8 11.8 16.3 18.5 19.2 26.6 14.1 13.4 5.7 3.5 7.4 3.6 5.3 3.3 7.3 8.5 5.1 31.5 26.7 32.9 20.7 27.6 25.3 11.0 35.9 30.1 22.7 31.4 24.4 17.8 16.1 25.5 18.8 21.2 9.7 .2 ( 5) .3 1.4 .7 .2 ( 5) 1.0 ( 5) South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... West Virginia ........................ Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 465 4 479 1,037 6 624 51 15 96 2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 96.2 100.0 99.3 98.0 100.0 97.7 96.8 96.7 99.9 98.6 73.3 86.0 75.8 73.3 70.7 73.1 73.8 83.3 79.7 86.2 5.1 ( 5) 2.6 2.1 ( 5) 4.5 ( 5) ( 5) 2.0 6.7 27.5 49.6 15.4 10.9 21.4 14.3 12.2 27.7 19.0 5.7 12.7 4.0 8.3 6.0 12.4 6.8 11.2 9.7 13.4 .1 14.8 45.6 7.1 5.0 8.9 7.4 1.0 18.0 5.6 5.6 ( 5) 3.2 9.0 10.0 10.2 7.1 13.8 5.0 3.0 4.5 17.0 26.0 19.7 18.8 26.1 16.9 14.4 22.1 15.6 36.5 1.7 ( 5) 5.3 4.7 ( 5) 4.3 3.5 5.0 3.4 ( 5) 17.4 3.5 23.8 26.4 13.0 25.8 29.9 23.5 36.7 20.5 20.9 12.3 20.6 21.6 29.4 21.7 19.1 12.2 15.9 9.0 ( 5) ( 5) .6 .7 ( 5) 1.3 3.1 ( 5) ( 5) 1.4 Alabama ............................... Alaska ................................... Arizona ................................. Arkansas ............................... California .............................. Colorado ............................... Connecticut ........................... Delaware .............................. District of Columbia .............. Florida ................................... 17 6 524 21 3,990 264 101 10 16 1,146 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.7 93.1 100.0 89.3 95.1 98.6 96.8 93.9 95.3 80.7 74.3 77.1 92.9 74.3 73.2 84.1 93.6 75.2 83.2 2.7 6.2 9.7 6.3 5.3 6.2 2.9 .5 4.2 6.3 15.2 9.0 12.4 53.6 20.8 18.1 26.6 10.9 .1 11.3 3.4 ( 5) 9.4 13.3 11.4 7.7 17.9 1.1 ( 5) 6.3 11.9 9.0 3.0 40.3 9.4 10.3 8.7 9.8 .1 5.0 .7 12.5 3.4 ( 5) 3.9 6.3 3.5 7.0 2.9 8.5 44.5 14.6 26.9 22.4 20.4 19.7 18.2 23.3 24.6 23.0 ( 5) .8 3.2 2.6 4.0 3.1 4.2 11.8 6.6 7.7 17.6 24.6 21.0 8.0 19.8 19.1 28.8 40.2 36.8 26.4 19.3 16.0 10.7 2.9 9.6 17.2 11.3 2.6 13.5 6.7 ( 5) .3 6.3 ( 5) 8.0 3.4 1.0 2.6 ( 5) 2.6 Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... Idaho ..................................... Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. 77 14 39 495 55 21 54 19 44 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.7 95.7 84.4 98.0 100.0 98.7 98.3 76.2 88.4 87.5 57.4 75.7 88.0 91.8 91.4 81.9 59.6 71.0 14.5 5.2 5.8 7.5 6.6 5.8 10.1 11.4 3.4 27.2 7.3 31.5 28.7 45.8 38.3 16.9 2.3 11.5 11.7 1.3 6.5 16.9 31.7 ( 5) 9.1 1.1 7.2 15.5 6.0 25.0 11.8 14.1 38.3 7.8 1.3 4.3 9.2 1.3 2.8 3.9 ( 5) 1.0 5.9 5.2 9.8 22.1 19.9 23.3 25.1 15.4 19.1 27.2 16.2 18.5 1.7 4.9 2.3 5.0 5.0 3.2 .5 ( 5) 5 ( ) 12.7 18.8 10.0 17.7 19.0 24.0 21.3 24.5 25.7 6.4 17.1 6.2 7.1 5.1 7.3 9.6 15.5 7.3 1.0 4.3 15.7 1.4 ( 5) 1.2 1.5 19.7 10.3 Hispanic origin See footnotes at end of table. Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total employed1 Nonagricultural industries Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and State Number (In thousands) Percent Total2 Total3 Construction Total NonDurable durable goods goods Transportation, communications, and public utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services4 Government Agriculture Hispanic origin–Continued Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Montana ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 119 117 123 55 21 44 8 28 107 7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 90.4 98.0 98.7 99.0 99.3 93.4 83.0 98.2 94.5 100.0 71.8 82.3 83.7 90.2 92.0 86.0 58.4 83.8 88.7 97.2 11.8 2.2 6.4 1.4 11.7 9.5 5.7 7.3 13.2 ( 5) 5.0 24.9 33.1 28.8 38.5 16.0 12.4 36.9 4.3 40.2 3.9 13.9 24.6 17.3 11.8 5.4 10.7 6.5 1.9 12.2 1.0 10.9 8.5 11.5 26.7 10.5 1.7 30.4 2.4 27.9 2.3 3.3 2.7 3.3 5.4 6.7 3.1 4.0 1.9 8.6 27.4 17.0 21.4 38.4 20.1 21.6 17.7 16.7 16.9 10.9 .9 3.4 3.8 5.5 .9 4.4 3.0 .2 4.8 15.6 24.5 31.6 16.3 12.8 15.4 27.8 16.6 18.7 47.0 21.9 14.3 11.7 12.3 7.3 4.4 4.4 16.7 9.5 3.9 2.8 3.5 .3 1.3 5 ( ) ( 5) 6.6 14.2 1.9 5.1 ( 5) New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... North Dakota ........................ Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 420 284 1,044 101 3 74 38 121 111 24 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.8 95.9 95.7 83.9 82.7 97.8 89.1 81.3 97.4 97.7 90.1 66.9 79.9 78.4 75.0 85.3 78.4 75.9 80.6 91.7 2.6 7.4 3.8 21.9 1.7 5.2 13.9 7.1 5.8 .1 26.0 5.6 15.2 27.6 15.9 20.9 19.5 26.1 25.6 52.6 9.5 2.9 5.4 9.7 13.0 14.8 9.9 12.6 12.8 25.9 16.5 2.7 9.8 17.8 2.9 6.1 9.6 13.5 12.8 26.7 6.6 3.9 5.4 5.2 ( 5) 6.7 .6 1.0 7.4 ( 5) 26.1 23.6 23.6 9.9 26.8 23.8 18.5 24.5 20.7 5.8 5.4 4.6 6.4 1.9 ( 5) 5.4 .3 1.7 2.7 3.4 23.3 18.7 25.6 11.4 26.6 23.4 22.8 15.5 18.5 29.8 7.2 22.0 12.0 3.5 7.7 8.7 6.0 2.4 9.9 1.4 .7 3.0 1.8 14.2 17.3 2.2 10.6 17.8 2.1 1.6 South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Vermont ................................ Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 31 3 29 2,518 60 2 104 125 67 11 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 88.5 89.1 93.9 97.2 88.2 94.9 73.5 100.0 91.1 76.7 61.8 71.3 75.3 81.2 74.9 81.8 61.2 91.0 75.9 8.7 4.7 8.0 9.2 11.3 ( 5) 12.6 3.4 2.2 11.2 17.2 25.1 9.9 14.1 28.8 21.6 3.9 14.4 43.4 8.5 6.7 5.2 2.6 7.2 19.5 12.7 1.3 6.9 33.0 4.1 10.5 19.9 7.2 6.9 9.3 9.0 2.6 7.5 10.4 4.4 ( 5) 9.1 5.4 5.0 3.5 ( 5) 6.1 .8 3.4 7.9 28.9 13.7 34.3 21.9 15.8 38.2 19.3 27.2 14.5 16.3 8.5 ( 5) 3.8 3.5 3.6 ( 5) 4.2 2.0 6.1 4.8 13.4 9.3 10.0 20.3 17.4 15.1 35.7 13.4 21.4 21.9 15.0 26.8 10.7 13.3 12.2 13.2 10.7 10.4 7.3 12.1 ( 5) 11.5 8.1 4.5 2.7 11.8 3.4 23.6 ( 5) 7.5 1 Includes private household workers, self-employed and unpaid family workers, and mining. 2 Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers and mining. 3 Includes mining. 4 Excludes private household workers. 5 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed. NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Table 18. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages (Numbers in thousands) Hours of work Population group and State Total at work 35 hours and over 1 to 14 hours 15 to 29 hours 30 to 34 hours Total 35 to 39 hours 40 hours 41 to 48 hours 49 hours and over TOTAL Alabama ................................................................. Alaska ..................................................................... Arizona ................................................................... Arkansas ................................................................. California ................................................................ Colorado ................................................................. Connecticut ............................................................. Delaware ................................................................ District of Columbia ................................................ Florida ..................................................................... 1,958 272 1,994 1,094 14,374 2,004 1,554 350 228 6,514 89 17 81 56 658 112 82 18 8 257 233 35 235 143 1,858 244 194 40 22 735 154 24 157 90 1,176 153 120 24 21 448 1,482 196 1,521 805 10,682 1,495 1,157 269 178 5,074 126 26 128 71 840 142 141 27 14 421 742 81 767 406 5,670 623 525 137 101 2,627 224 31 216 117 1,420 274 186 38 20 715 390 58 410 212 2,752 457 305 67 43 1,311 Georgia ................................................................... Hawaii ..................................................................... Idaho ....................................................................... Illinois ...................................................................... Indiana .................................................................... Iowa ........................................................................ Kansas .................................................................... Kentucky ................................................................. Louisiana ................................................................ Maine ...................................................................... 3,569 528 571 5,593 2,853 1,457 1,268 1,725 1,815 593 122 26 42 274 161 93 83 92 88 37 363 80 77 671 338 195 164 208 220 80 225 49 45 407 224 110 105 128 133 51 2,858 374 407 4,241 2,130 1,060 917 1,297 1,374 425 201 28 40 385 196 108 81 133 126 53 1,491 221 172 2,056 913 411 381 601 720 183 456 37 69 637 380 212 159 211 175 81 710 87 126 1,163 640 329 296 352 354 109 Maryland ................................................................. Massachusetts ........................................................ Michigan ................................................................. Minnesota ............................................................... Mississippi .............................................................. Missouri .................................................................. Montana .................................................................. Nebraska ................................................................ Nevada ................................................................... New Hampshire ...................................................... 2,534 2,977 4,557 2,433 1,142 2,644 408 846 813 597 120 159 244 148 49 153 31 56 27 30 301 391 590 333 116 305 58 106 80 79 216 245 344 218 77 209 34 61 59 50 1,897 2,182 3,379 1,734 900 1,977 285 623 648 437 159 222 277 163 65 181 28 50 41 48 940 1,065 1,500 691 497 926 121 227 383 167 269 334 578 334 123 357 43 116 87 89 529 562 1,024 546 216 514 92 230 138 134 New Jersey ............................................................. New Mexico ............................................................ New York ................................................................ North Carolina ........................................................ North Dakota .......................................................... Ohio ........................................................................ Oklahoma ............................................................... Oregon .................................................................... Pennsylvania .......................................................... Rhode Island .......................................................... 3,804 733 7,871 3,572 324 5,194 1,468 1,560 5,426 453 167 39 379 138 20 262 84 98 314 21 486 92 1,026 373 47 675 172 208 762 65 265 63 539 247 27 387 112 115 407 43 2,886 538 5,927 2,815 230 3,871 1,100 1,139 3,944 324 332 49 859 248 22 331 96 105 412 38 1,474 269 2,909 1,470 92 1,780 527 512 1,857 153 375 75 762 448 35 670 170 201 630 52 705 145 1,397 649 81 1,090 307 322 1,046 81 South Carolina ........................................................ South Dakota .......................................................... Tennessee .............................................................. Texas ...................................................................... Utah ........................................................................ Vermont .................................................................. Virginia .................................................................... Washington ............................................................. West Virginia .......................................................... Wisconsin ............................................................... Wyoming ................................................................. 1,757 366 2,448 8,955 969 298 3,154 2,714 707 2,703 226 63 26 111 371 67 21 137 160 39 162 15 177 48 286 1,026 149 40 339 355 89 353 28 111 25 175 611 72 26 247 222 56 214 17 1,407 266 1,876 6,947 681 211 2,431 1,977 523 1,975 167 108 23 185 573 48 23 221 164 51 206 14 774 102 869 3,317 332 79 1,173 953 265 785 75 201 47 328 1,074 109 42 379 335 78 398 23 324 94 495 1,983 191 67 658 524 129 586 55 1,066 147 1,126 582 8,093 1,090 800 180 113 36 7 34 25 275 41 27 7 3 96 14 100 54 763 94 64 14 9 59 10 71 35 530 64 37 8 10 876 116 921 467 6,525 891 672 151 91 52 12 56 27 380 63 49 10 6 392 44 442 211 3,314 329 282 72 48 135 18 133 74 854 168 112 22 10 297 41 290 155 1,977 332 230 47 27 Men Alabama ................................................................. Alaska ..................................................................... Arizona ................................................................... Arkansas ................................................................. California ................................................................ Colorado ................................................................. Connecticut ............................................................. Delaware ................................................................ District of Columbia ................................................ See footnotes at end of table. Table 18. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Hours of work Population group and State Total at work 35 hours and over 1 to 14 hours 15 to 29 hours 30 to 34 hours Total 35 to 39 hours 40 hours 41 to 48 hours 49 hours and over Men–Continued Florida ..................................................................... 3,514 109 287 189 2,930 158 1,404 423 945 Georgia ................................................................... Hawaii ..................................................................... Idaho ....................................................................... Illinois ...................................................................... Indiana .................................................................... Iowa ........................................................................ Kansas .................................................................... Kentucky ................................................................. Louisiana ................................................................ Maine ...................................................................... 1,925 268 317 3,040 1,559 766 681 920 968 316 52 9 16 103 57 33 27 29 33 14 130 30 30 236 114 67 65 76 86 25 88 20 18 168 88 43 45 47 51 20 1,654 209 254 2,533 1,300 623 544 767 799 257 80 13 15 134 70 37 29 44 40 21 782 121 103 1,137 511 208 207 330 365 102 275 20 42 401 233 128 91 130 112 52 518 55 93 861 486 251 216 264 281 82 Maryland ................................................................. Massachusetts ........................................................ Michigan ................................................................. Minnesota ............................................................... Mississippi .............................................................. Missouri .................................................................. Montana .................................................................. Nebraska ................................................................ Nevada ................................................................... New Hampshire ...................................................... 1,321 1,571 2,466 1,321 614 1,374 218 459 457 324 47 61 83 53 22 55 12 19 9 11 101 122 194 118 46 109 19 40 31 27 95 94 129 87 32 86 14 23 24 17 1,077 1,295 2,059 1,064 513 1,125 173 376 392 269 57 80 99 69 21 63 12 20 17 17 497 620 812 385 247 500 66 115 221 95 160 196 360 209 75 212 26 64 53 57 364 398 788 401 170 350 68 177 101 99 New Jersey ............................................................. New Mexico ............................................................ New York ................................................................ North Carolina ........................................................ North Dakota .......................................................... Ohio ........................................................................ Oklahoma ............................................................... Oregon .................................................................... Pennsylvania .......................................................... Rhode Island .......................................................... 2,050 404 4,241 1,917 173 2,801 802 868 2,899 237 56 13 134 50 8 90 28 34 109 8 157 36 361 149 17 236 71 77 267 22 105 29 216 94 9 160 52 51 167 17 1,732 327 3,529 1,625 140 2,315 652 706 2,356 190 122 24 309 101 8 113 39 42 141 13 835 157 1,699 771 48 984 284 298 1,042 85 246 44 487 269 21 408 99 129 382 33 529 102 1,033 484 63 811 229 238 791 58 South Carolina ........................................................ South Dakota .......................................................... Tennessee .............................................................. Texas ...................................................................... Utah ........................................................................ Vermont .................................................................. Virginia .................................................................... Washington ............................................................. West Virginia .......................................................... Wisconsin ............................................................... Wyoming ................................................................. 941 193 1,290 5,000 540 153 1,686 1,511 385 1,435 125 23 8 43 138 26 7 51 58 14 64 5 65 16 117 402 55 13 124 123 34 111 11 46 9 70 273 30 10 100 97 22 76 6 807 160 1,060 4,186 430 124 1,410 1,234 314 1,185 103 38 9 71 251 20 9 81 70 17 75 5 421 53 450 1,804 192 44 623 575 151 437 42 117 28 187 656 71 25 228 207 51 237 15 231 70 352 1,474 147 46 478 382 95 436 42 Alabama ................................................................. Alaska ..................................................................... Arizona ................................................................... Arkansas ................................................................. California ................................................................ Colorado ................................................................. Connecticut ............................................................. Delaware ................................................................ District of Columbia ................................................ Florida ..................................................................... 892 125 868 512 6,281 914 754 170 115 3,000 53 10 47 31 383 71 55 11 5 148 137 21 135 90 1,095 150 130 26 13 449 95 14 86 54 647 89 83 16 11 259 606 80 600 338 4,156 604 485 118 86 2,144 74 13 72 44 460 79 92 17 8 263 350 38 325 195 2,356 294 244 65 53 1,223 89 13 83 43 566 106 74 16 10 292 93 16 120 56 775 125 75 20 16 366 Georgia ................................................................... Hawaii ..................................................................... Idaho ....................................................................... Illinois ...................................................................... Indiana .................................................................... Iowa ........................................................................ 1,644 260 253 2,553 1,294 692 71 17 26 171 105 60 233 50 47 435 223 129 137 29 27 239 136 67 1,204 165 153 1,708 830 437 121 15 25 252 126 72 709 100 69 918 402 203 182 17 27 236 147 83 192 33 32 302 154 78 Women See footnotes at end of table. Table 18. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Hours of work Population group and State Total at work 35 hours and over 1 to 14 hours 15 to 29 hours 30 to 34 hours Total 35 to 39 hours 40 hours 41 to 48 hours 49 hours and over Women–Continued Kansas .................................................................... Kentucky ................................................................. Louisiana ................................................................ Maine ...................................................................... 587 805 846 277 55 64 55 23 99 132 134 55 60 80 81 31 373 529 576 169 52 90 86 31 174 271 355 81 68 81 62 29 80 88 72 27 Maryland ................................................................. Massachusetts ........................................................ Michigan ................................................................. Minnesota ............................................................... Mississippi .............................................................. Missouri .................................................................. Montana .................................................................. Nebraska ................................................................ Nevada ................................................................... New Hampshire ...................................................... 1,213 1,405 2,091 1,112 528 1,270 190 388 357 273 73 98 160 95 27 98 20 37 17 20 200 269 396 215 69 196 38 65 48 52 121 151 214 131 45 123 20 38 34 32 820 888 1,320 670 387 853 112 247 257 169 103 141 179 94 44 117 17 30 24 31 443 445 687 306 249 426 55 112 162 72 109 138 218 125 48 145 17 52 34 31 165 164 235 145 45 164 23 53 37 35 New Jersey ............................................................. New Mexico ............................................................ New York ................................................................ North Carolina ........................................................ North Dakota .......................................................... Ohio ........................................................................ Oklahoma ............................................................... Oregon .................................................................... Pennsylvania .......................................................... Rhode Island .......................................................... 1,754 328 3,630 1,655 151 2,394 666 693 2,527 216 111 26 244 88 13 172 56 65 205 13 329 57 665 224 30 439 102 131 494 43 159 35 323 152 18 227 61 64 240 26 1,155 212 2,398 1,190 90 1,556 448 434 1,588 134 210 26 549 147 14 218 57 63 271 24 639 113 1,210 699 44 796 242 214 814 68 129 31 275 179 14 262 70 72 247 19 176 43 364 165 18 279 78 84 255 23 South Carolina ........................................................ South Dakota .......................................................... Tennessee .............................................................. Texas ...................................................................... Utah ........................................................................ Vermont .................................................................. Virginia .................................................................... Washington ............................................................. Wisconsin ............................................................... Wyoming ................................................................. 816 172 1,158 3,955 429 145 1,468 1,203 1,268 101 40 18 68 233 41 14 86 102 98 9 111 32 169 624 94 27 215 233 242 17 65 16 105 337 43 16 147 125 138 10 600 106 816 2,760 251 87 1,021 743 790 64 70 14 114 322 28 14 140 94 131 9 353 49 419 1,512 141 34 550 379 348 33 84 19 141 417 38 17 151 128 161 9 93 23 143 509 44 21 180 142 150 13 Alabama ................................................................. Alaska ..................................................................... Arizona ................................................................... Arkansas ................................................................. California ................................................................ Colorado ................................................................. Connecticut ............................................................. Delaware ................................................................ District of Columbia ................................................ Florida ..................................................................... 107 15 119 60 566 106 82 18 3 290 17 3 16 9 115 25 23 4 1 40 44 5 46 24 235 38 37 6 1 119 9 2 17 6 62 11 6 2 ( 1) 31 37 6 41 20 153 31 16 7 1 100 11 1 10 4 31 7 3 1 ( 1) 27 18 2 21 12 86 14 9 4 1 56 5 1 5 2 20 5 1 ( 1) ( 1) 9 3 1 3 2 16 6 2 1 ( 1) 7 Georgia ................................................................... Hawaii ..................................................................... Idaho ....................................................................... Illinois ...................................................................... Indiana .................................................................... Iowa ........................................................................ Kansas .................................................................... Kentucky ................................................................. Louisiana ................................................................ Maine ...................................................................... 197 20 46 322 166 91 91 97 89 33 30 3 11 72 50 24 22 17 15 8 87 11 16 127 56 41 35 44 35 11 17 1 5 28 13 5 8 9 11 3 63 5 14 96 47 21 26 27 28 11 13 2 4 21 12 3 6 8 6 3 36 2 7 52 19 7 11 11 14 6 6 1 2 11 9 3 4 3 3 2 Maryland ................................................................. Massachusetts ........................................................ Michigan ................................................................. Minnesota ............................................................... 105 154 305 183 27 46 71 43 40 62 128 80 10 13 27 16 28 33 79 44 3 6 13 10 18 16 41 20 3 5 12 7 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years See footnotes at end of table. ( 1) 8 2 12 7 7 6 5 6 1 3 6 14 7 Table 18. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Hours of work Population group and State Total at work 35 hours and over 1 to 14 hours 15 to 29 hours 30 to 34 hours Total 35 to 39 hours 40 hours 41 to 48 hours 49 hours and over Both sexes, 16 to 19 years–Continued ( 1) 7 1 2 3 2 2 8 1 4 2 1 25 8 47 33 3 38 14 16 39 4 4 2 7 6 1 10 3 4 10 1 4 2 12 6 2 12 4 3 8 1 5 2 10 31 5 1 9 6 1 10 1 19 4 23 70 17 2 28 25 3 23 2 4 2 7 23 3 1 3 7 2 8 1 2 3 9 21 4 1 5 6 1 7 1 1,137 168 1,392 686 1,397 998 200 74 4,282 90 19 119 56 136 115 21 7 341 534 69 693 333 576 436 95 29 2,132 189 27 203 103 258 166 31 11 628 325 52 377 193 427 280 53 27 1,181 151 13 44 355 211 103 96 119 94 50 1,986 103 398 3,562 1,958 1,020 834 1,189 997 419 141 9 40 321 181 104 77 120 87 52 942 50 167 1,612 812 391 335 546 477 178 330 13 68 578 361 206 145 194 134 81 573 30 123 1,051 605 319 276 329 299 108 237 370 518 313 77 277 55 101 70 77 151 231 303 210 47 189 31 58 52 49 1,364 2,011 2,915 1,654 608 1,790 268 588 573 424 114 210 248 156 38 164 27 48 36 47 626 942 1,214 648 305 813 112 209 329 161 206 323 525 324 95 332 42 109 81 86 418 535 927 527 170 481 88 222 127 130 412 83 220 56 2,339 482 273 45 1,131 234 320 69 615 134 Mississippi .............................................................. Missouri .................................................................. Montana .................................................................. Nebraska ................................................................ Nevada ................................................................... New Hampshire ...................................................... 50 140 23 59 48 32 8 31 6 17 4 9 22 48 8 22 14 12 5 12 3 5 6 3 14 49 7 16 23 8 4 10 1 2 3 1 8 24 4 7 15 5 New Jersey ............................................................. New Mexico ............................................................ New York ................................................................ North Carolina ........................................................ North Dakota .......................................................... Ohio ........................................................................ Oklahoma ............................................................... Oregon .................................................................... Pennsylvania .......................................................... Rhode Island .......................................................... 167 35 313 192 25 295 78 83 291 26 40 6 86 32 6 71 14 18 70 6 73 12 128 83 10 120 32 30 121 13 11 4 16 19 2 28 9 7 24 1 43 13 82 58 7 76 23 27 75 6 9 3 16 14 1 15 3 5 18 1 South Carolina ........................................................ South Dakota .......................................................... Tennessee .............................................................. Texas ...................................................................... Utah ........................................................................ Vermont .................................................................. Virginia .................................................................... Washington ............................................................. West Virginia .......................................................... Wisconsin ............................................................... Wyoming ................................................................. 88 30 128 437 90 18 129 150 29 181 16 14 8 20 63 18 5 24 33 7 45 4 36 9 49 174 37 7 48 60 13 71 6 7 2 10 54 8 1 12 14 2 16 2 31 11 49 146 28 5 45 43 7 49 4 Alabama ................................................................. Alaska ..................................................................... Arizona ................................................................... Arkansas ................................................................. Colorado ................................................................. Connecticut ............................................................. Delaware ................................................................ District of Columbia ................................................ Florida ..................................................................... 1,490 230 1,825 931 1,873 1,352 267 95 5,509 72 15 76 51 106 76 15 3 229 175 28 216 122 226 174 33 10 621 106 19 141 73 144 105 19 9 377 Georgia ................................................................... Hawaii ..................................................................... Idaho ....................................................................... Illinois ...................................................................... Indiana .................................................................... Iowa ........................................................................ Kansas .................................................................... Kentucky ................................................................. Louisiana ................................................................ Maine ...................................................................... 2,502 149 558 4,733 2,644 1,398 1,153 1,580 1,311 586 94 10 41 243 154 89 79 86 63 37 272 24 75 573 320 186 145 187 158 79 Maryland ................................................................. Massachusetts ........................................................ Michigan ................................................................. Minnesota ............................................................... Mississippi .............................................................. Missouri .................................................................. Montana .................................................................. Nebraska ................................................................ Nevada ................................................................... New Hampshire ...................................................... 1,850 2,763 3,960 2,320 767 2,397 385 800 719 579 98 152 224 143 34 141 30 53 24 29 New Jersey ............................................................. New Mexico ............................................................ 3,117 659 147 37 White See footnotes at end of table. Table 18. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Hours of work Population group and State Total at work 35 hours and over 1 to 14 hours 15 to 29 hours 30 to 34 hours Total 35 to 39 hours 40 hours 41 to 48 hours 49 hours and over White–Continued New York ................................................................ North Carolina ........................................................ North Dakota .......................................................... Ohio ........................................................................ Oklahoma ............................................................... Oregon .................................................................... Pennsylvania .......................................................... Rhode Island .......................................................... 6,250 2,756 313 4,632 1,244 1,457 4,928 423 313 113 20 240 73 92 294 20 834 295 45 602 148 196 699 62 439 193 26 340 94 109 377 39 4,665 2,154 222 3,450 929 1,060 3,559 303 627 186 22 291 80 100 365 35 2,209 1,062 87 1,548 431 468 1,617 141 649 361 34 615 147 192 595 50 1,180 546 79 995 271 300 981 76 South Carolina ........................................................ South Dakota .......................................................... Tennessee .............................................................. Texas ...................................................................... Utah ........................................................................ Vermont .................................................................. Virginia .................................................................... Washington ............................................................. West Virginia .......................................................... Wisconsin ............................................................... Wyoming ................................................................. 1,300 346 1,962 7,638 926 294 2,453 2,479 688 2,561 220 50 25 95 324 65 21 115 148 38 158 14 122 46 231 884 143 39 268 325 87 335 27 79 23 145 512 69 26 186 203 54 203 16 1,050 252 1,492 5,919 649 207 1,884 1,803 509 1,865 163 66 22 150 502 46 23 165 152 50 189 13 552 94 650 2,718 310 77 860 851 257 725 73 161 45 274 956 106 41 308 313 76 383 23 270 91 417 1,743 187 65 551 487 125 569 54 Alabama ................................................................. Alaska ..................................................................... Arizona ................................................................... Arkansas ................................................................. California ................................................................ Colorado ................................................................. Connecticut ............................................................. Delaware ................................................................ District of Columbia ................................................ Florida ..................................................................... 446 9 74 145 823 65 179 73 129 859 16 ( 1) 1 5 21 3 5 2 4 24 52 1 10 19 97 10 19 5 12 102 46 1 6 15 69 6 14 4 12 62 332 7 57 107 636 47 141 61 101 671 32 1 6 12 46 2 25 6 7 69 203 4 30 67 414 25 78 38 70 437 34 1 6 11 66 8 18 6 9 68 63 1 15 16 108 12 21 11 15 97 Georgia ................................................................... Hawaii ..................................................................... Illinois ...................................................................... Indiana .................................................................... Iowa ........................................................................ Kansas .................................................................... Kentucky ................................................................. Louisiana ................................................................ 1,010 10 682 184 34 74 128 472 29 ( 1) 23 6 2 2 4 23 86 ( 1) 83 17 5 11 20 58 71 1 45 12 5 6 8 37 824 8 531 150 22 56 96 353 57 ( 1) 56 14 2 3 13 35 520 4 364 92 11 30 50 233 121 1 41 16 3 10 15 36 126 3 69 28 6 13 18 49 Maryland ................................................................. Massachusetts ........................................................ Michigan ................................................................. Minnesota ............................................................... Mississippi .............................................................. Missouri .................................................................. Nebraska ................................................................ Nevada ................................................................... New Hampshire ...................................................... 588 131 483 58 362 215 22 46 7 19 5 13 2 14 11 1 2 1 ( ) 56 13 62 11 36 24 2 5 1 61 11 35 4 29 16 1 3 1 453 102 373 41 283 164 18 36 5 41 8 23 4 26 14 1 2 1 274 68 235 21 188 99 8 27 1 56 7 42 4 28 22 3 2 1 82 18 73 11 41 29 6 5 2 New Jersey ............................................................. New Mexico ............................................................ New York ................................................................ North Carolina ........................................................ Ohio ........................................................................ Oklahoma ............................................................... Oregon .................................................................... Pennsylvania .......................................................... Rhode Island .......................................................... 501 11 1,146 696 477 104 27 398 24 16 ( 1) 52 21 18 4 2 14 1 57 1 142 63 61 11 3 49 3 35 1 76 45 41 11 2 25 3 393 8 877 567 358 78 20 309 16 47 ( 1) 179 54 35 9 1 42 2 250 5 513 357 205 43 11 195 9 39 1 67 70 43 11 2 25 2 57 2 117 86 75 14 5 47 3 South Carolina ........................................................ South Dakota .......................................................... Tennessee .............................................................. 442 3 461 13 ( 1) 16 52 ( 1) 54 30 ( 1) 28 346 3 364 41 ( 1) 31 214 1 210 39 1 50 52 1 73 Black See footnotes at end of table. Table 18. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Hours of work Population group and State Total at work 35 hours and over 1 to 14 hours 15 to 29 hours 30 to 34 hours 992 5 602 48 14 93 2 39 ( 1) 20 2 1 3 1 ( ) 117 1 64 6 2 10 1 ( ) 76 ( 1) 52 6 1 8 1 ( ) 760 5 466 35 10 71 1 60 ( 1) 51 1 1 9 1 ( ) Alabama ................................................................. Alaska ..................................................................... Arizona ................................................................... Arkansas ................................................................. California ................................................................ Colorado ................................................................. Connecticut ............................................................. Delaware ................................................................ District of Columbia ................................................ Florida ..................................................................... 17 5 512 20 3,868 251 97 10 15 1,112 1 ( 1) 16 1 138 9 4 1 ( 1) 29 2 1 57 2 468 33 11 1 2 124 ( 1) ( 1) 41 2 334 20 8 1 1 78 13 4 398 16 2,928 189 74 7 12 881 Georgia ................................................................... Hawaii ..................................................................... Idaho ....................................................................... Illinois ...................................................................... Indiana .................................................................... Iowa ........................................................................ Kansas .................................................................... Kentucky ................................................................. Louisiana ................................................................ 73 13 37 480 54 20 52 18 41 2 1 1 9 1 1 3 2 1 7 3 3 44 4 3 6 2 7 4 1 3 31 2 1 6 1 4 Maryland ................................................................. Massachusetts ........................................................ Michigan ................................................................. Minnesota ............................................................... Mississippi .............................................................. Missouri .................................................................. Montana .................................................................. Nebraska ................................................................ Nevada ................................................................... New Hampshire ...................................................... 116 113 116 54 19 43 7 27 104 7 4 3 5 2 1 2 1 1 2 14 12 14 7 1 6 2 2 7 ( 1) New Jersey ............................................................. New Mexico ............................................................ New York ................................................................ North Carolina ........................................................ North Dakota .......................................................... Ohio ........................................................................ Oklahoma ............................................................... Oregon .................................................................... Pennsylvania .......................................................... Rhode Island .......................................................... 409 270 1,009 99 3 71 38 117 106 24 15 11 30 3 ( 1) 2 2 3 4 1 South Carolina ........................................................ South Dakota .......................................................... Tennessee .............................................................. Texas ...................................................................... Utah ........................................................................ Vermont .................................................................. Virginia .................................................................... Washington ............................................................. Wisconsin ............................................................... Wyoming ................................................................. 30 3 28 2,425 58 2 101 120 65 11 ( 1) ( 1) 41 to 48 hours 49 hours and over 472 2 267 26 7 43 1 86 1 60 2 2 9 1 ( ) 142 2 88 5 ( 1) 11 ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) 34 2 249 23 8 1 1 60 7 1 251 8 1,886 100 45 4 7 549 2 1 46 2 348 32 8 1 1 100 3 1 68 5 445 34 12 2 3 172 59 8 30 396 48 15 37 13 30 7 1 5 19 4 2 3 1 3 30 4 15 267 20 7 20 7 14 7 1 4 43 9 2 6 1 3 15 3 5 67 14 4 8 4 11 7 10 12 9 2 1 1 2 8 1 90 88 85 36 15 33 4 21 87 6 6 10 6 7 1 4 1 2 5 1 59 58 50 17 7 17 2 12 67 3 8 11 13 6 3 2 1 2 7 1 17 10 16 6 5 10 1 5 8 1 48 33 128 8 ( 1) 6 3 12 16 3 30 29 63 8 ( 1) 5 3 10 7 1 317 197 789 79 1 57 30 92 80 19 32 22 102 6 ( 1) 5 2 11 9 1 195 112 467 50 1 32 15 51 41 12 32 24 80 8 ( 1) 10 7 10 13 3 57 38 139 15 ( 1) 10 6 19 17 3 2 ( 1) 2 302 4 ( 1) 10 17 6 1 3 ( 1) 1 175 3 ( 1) 10 10 5 1 26 2 25 1,869 49 1 79 91 53 8 1 ( 1) 1 182 3 ( 1) 6 7 3 1 ( ) 18 1 11 1,042 30 ( 1) 44 55 30 5 2 ( 1) 5 269 6 ( 1) 10 12 9 1 5 1 8 376 9 ( 1) 19 16 11 2 Total 35 to 39 hours 40 hours Black–Continued Texas ...................................................................... Utah ........................................................................ Virginia .................................................................... Washington ............................................................. West Virginia .......................................................... Wisconsin ............................................................... Wyoming ................................................................. Hispanic origin ( 1) 1 78 2 ( 1) 2 2 1 1 ( ) 1 Less than 500 persons. NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Data on average hours are not available. Table 19. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1997 annual averages (In thousands) Usually work full time Population group and State Total Usually work part time Slack Vacation WeatherHoliday, work or or related legal or business personal curtailreligious conditions day ment Other reasons1 Total Slack work or business conditions Other Retired Could In Childfamily or or Social Other only find school personal Security reacare part-time or limit on sons2 problems obligawork training tions earnings TOTAL Alabama ............................... 188 Alaska ................................... 30 Arizona ................................. 144 Arkansas ............................... 108 California .............................. 1,162 Colorado ............................... 172 Connecticut ........................... 100 Delaware .............................. 26 District of Columbia .............. 24 Florida ................................... 469 20 3 24 15 185 16 7 3 1 59 55 9 46 26 371 72 32 9 8 136 19 4 12 4 107 9 15 2 6 33 10 1 5 20 35 6 4 1 3 ( ) 20 84 13 57 43 463 69 42 11 9 221 287 46 329 181 2,530 336 297 55 26 971 15 4 25 9 263 19 12 2 2 68 16 7 20 13 218 16 26 4 5 63 11 1 17 3 81 9 17 2 ( 3) 44 58 14 68 36 545 92 83 12 3 154 93 9 98 56 738 98 83 14 7 246 35 2 31 21 146 24 25 7 3 113 60 8 71 42 540 79 51 13 6 283 Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... Idaho ..................................... Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. Maine .................................... 274 50 49 402 235 119 110 149 161 52 36 6 9 39 25 14 8 13 17 6 91 12 18 147 82 41 44 45 40 14 16 18 3 39 9 4 6 5 32 9 14 1 1 41 29 9 7 14 16 2 116 13 19 136 89 52 46 72 56 21 437 105 114 951 488 278 241 279 280 115 23 13 5 50 18 9 6 7 21 7 32 12 7 60 30 13 17 23 26 10 11 3 2 45 16 5 4 12 7 6 99 21 33 229 116 82 62 63 53 30 135 31 33 299 148 99 96 81 85 26 39 9 9 89 47 29 23 26 24 13 98 18 25 179 113 41 35 68 63 24 Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Montana ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 230 232 316 211 87 265 39 63 58 46 16 18 39 16 13 24 6 7 10 3 70 68 129 101 26 87 12 25 19 18 41 61 11 6 5 15 4 3 4 8 7 4 24 7 9 38 3 4 ( 3) 2 95 80 113 80 33 101 14 24 24 16 407 563 861 487 155 402 84 160 107 113 17 19 34 20 8 15 5 5 11 5 47 36 54 30 14 21 6 8 6 6 13 39 27 9 5 15 1 2 2 6 102 157 215 125 25 102 21 40 22 33 108 157 286 156 54 126 23 55 25 30 44 54 68 49 13 44 8 17 7 12 77 101 177 97 35 79 19 33 34 20 New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... North Dakota ........................ Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 287 62 567 275 31 385 127 135 424 42 23 9 42 49 2 39 13 26 45 5 104 15 186 77 9 138 45 49 171 10 40 5 115 15 2 25 7 5 30 16 5 7 16 20 7 18 10 2 18 1 114 25 208 114 12 166 53 54 160 11 631 133 1,377 483 63 939 242 286 1,058 87 27 10 87 19 2 40 13 20 55 4 52 14 142 26 4 62 17 23 92 9 31 3 68 18 1 38 8 8 36 6 156 27 298 82 16 246 46 64 285 15 173 31 345 161 23 272 64 66 273 26 61 11 113 53 6 85 33 27 109 9 131 37 325 124 12 197 59 79 209 18 South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Vermont ................................ Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... West Virginia ........................ Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 116 29 223 744 74 25 284 231 59 216 16 16 2 24 90 7 3 26 25 8 25 2 38 10 61 190 34 10 102 85 17 95 5 4 2 9 28 5 2 31 16 6 2 1 7 5 18 111 2 1 16 12 6 17 1 50 10 111 324 25 9 109 94 22 77 6 234 71 349 1,264 214 62 439 506 125 513 44 8 2 15 80 10 3 29 32 7 22 3 20 3 23 100 8 4 32 37 19 29 4 9 1 7 38 11 2 17 11 2 10 3 ( ) 40 16 81 249 57 20 104 127 26 149 13 69 26 106 383 89 15 110 140 29 164 13 16 8 42 92 12 7 52 27 11 55 4 71 14 76 322 27 11 95 133 30 83 6 93 15 82 53 621 86 45 12 2 17 7 120 8 4 28 4 26 13 193 36 14 6 2 7 2 50 4 6 9 37 6 29 19 227 32 17 97 15 123 61 946 113 83 4 2 12 3 132 9 4 4 3 7 4 95 7 11 2 1 4 1 41 5 3 50 5 53 26 369 46 36 21 1 20 12 91 17 15 17 3 27 14 209 29 14 Men Alabama ............................... Alaska ................................... Arizona ................................. Arkansas ............................... California .............................. Colorado ............................... Connecticut ........................... See footnotes at end of table. ( 3) 4 13 32 5 3 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 9 Table 19. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Usually work full time Population group and State Total Usually work part time Slack Vacation WeatherHoliday, work or or related legal or business personal curtailreligious conditions day ment Other reasons1 Total Slack work or business conditions Other Retired Could In family or or Social Other Childonly find school personal Security reacare part-time or problems obligalimit on sons2 work training tions earnings Men–Continued Delaware .............................. District of Columbia .............. Florida ................................... 12 11 234 2 1 40 4 4 64 1 3 13 1 ( 3) 19 5 4 98 16 10 350 1 1 30 2 3 23 ( 3) ( 3) Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... Idaho ..................................... Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. Maine .................................... 136 25 26 203 118 60 57 74 80 27 23 4 6 29 15 8 4 8 10 5 41 6 10 74 42 19 23 20 20 8 8 9 1 14 6 2 2 3 13 4 14 1 1 25 15 6 5 11 13 2 50 5 9 61 40 26 22 32 24 9 134 34 37 304 141 82 80 78 90 32 11 6 2 28 7 2 2 3 8 3 13 4 3 25 7 3 8 9 6 4 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Montana ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 110 117 161 106 46 132 21 32 30 23 11 11 27 10 6 16 4 4 7 2 33 36 69 52 14 43 6 15 9 9 21 28 5 2 3 7 2 1 2 3 6 2 14 5 9 22 3 3 3 ( ) 1 39 40 46 37 14 44 7 10 12 7 133 159 246 151 54 118 24 50 35 33 10 11 17 10 4 6 2 2 4 2 13 14 14 11 4 10 2 3 2 2 ( 3) ( 3) New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... North Dakota ........................ Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 140 33 268 127 14 207 69 75 222 20 13 7 23 30 1 24 8 19 25 3 52 8 90 33 4 74 24 31 95 5 18 3 51 5 1 14 4 2 15 7 4 4 10 13 3 14 9 2 14 1 52 11 94 46 5 81 24 21 72 4 179 45 444 165 19 278 81 87 321 27 11 5 39 9 1 21 7 8 24 2 18 4 63 8 2 29 7 9 38 3 ( 3) ( 3) South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Vermont ................................ Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... West Virginia ........................ Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 58 12 110 386 39 13 146 124 31 96 8 9 1 10 63 4 2 15 15 5 12 1 22 4 26 94 18 5 55 48 9 46 3 2 1 4 13 3 1 14 7 3 2 3 ( ) 6 2 14 71 2 1 13 10 6 7 1 20 4 56 146 12 4 48 43 10 29 3 76 21 120 427 71 16 130 154 39 154 14 3 1 6 45 4 1 8 14 3 8 2 6 1 9 35 3 2 8 12 7 10 1 95 14 62 55 540 87 55 14 13 235 8 1 8 7 64 8 3 1 3 ( ) 19 27 4 20 13 179 36 18 5 4 73 12 2 5 2 58 5 8 1 3 20 1 47 7 28 25 236 37 25 6 5 123 190 31 206 119 1,584 223 214 39 16 621 11 2 13 5 131 9 8 1 1 38 65 8 303 71 12 6 1 ( 3) 11 6 3 114 3 1 71 4 2 101 5 2 2 7 3 3 3 1 1 1 51 11 16 134 61 48 48 30 41 10 21 4 5 48 26 15 9 15 14 7 32 7 9 61 36 10 10 20 20 7 4 4 4 3 2 4 1 2 1 1 53 73 129 66 24 52 10 26 13 15 27 32 33 32 8 23 4 8 5 6 26 24 48 28 11 24 6 9 11 7 4 3 14 5 ( 3) 12 4 2 7 3 ( ) 73 14 155 72 10 120 23 29 124 11 33 5 64 29 3 39 21 15 62 6 39 11 108 43 3 57 18 25 64 5 1 3 1 3 11 3 1 3 4 1 4 1 30 10 55 173 42 6 53 63 11 72 6 8 4 24 47 8 3 28 16 7 32 2 25 4 23 117 12 3 30 45 10 27 2 12 4 13 9 123 9 15 2 2 40 11 1 16 3 72 9 17 2 ( 3) 43 56 13 64 34 504 86 80 12 3 143 43 4 45 30 369 52 47 8 4 133 15 1 11 10 55 7 10 4 2 42 43 5 44 28 331 50 38 10 4 182 20 8 11 3 94 19 84 20 17 4 66 11 1 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 1 1 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 1 2 1 Women Alabama ............................... Alaska ................................... Arizona ................................. Arkansas ............................... California .............................. Colorado ............................... Connecticut ........................... Delaware .............................. District of Columbia .............. Florida ................................... Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... See footnotes at end of table. 137 25 13 2 50 6 9 9 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 8 3 1 1 1 ( 3) ( 3) Table 19. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Usually work full time Population group and State Total Usually work part time Slack Vacation WeatherHoliday, work or or related legal or business personal curtailreligious conditions day ment Other reasons1 Total Slack work or business conditions Other Retired Could In family or or Social Other Childonly find school personal Security reacare part-time or problems obligalimit on sons2 work training tions earnings Women–Continued Idaho ..................................... Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. Maine .................................... 23 198 117 59 53 74 81 25 3 11 11 6 4 5 7 2 9 73 40 22 21 24 20 6 2 24 3 2 3 2 19 5 ( 3) 16 14 3 2 2 3 ( 3) 10 75 49 26 24 40 32 12 77 646 347 196 161 201 189 83 3 22 11 7 4 4 13 4 4 35 22 10 8 14 20 6 2 44 15 4 4 12 7 5 31 222 112 79 59 62 52 29 17 165 87 51 48 52 45 16 4 41 21 14 14 11 9 6 16 117 78 31 24 47 43 17 Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Montana ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 119 114 155 105 40 133 18 31 28 24 5 7 13 7 6 9 2 3 4 1 38 32 59 49 11 44 6 11 10 8 20 33 6 4 2 8 2 2 3 5 1 2 10 2 1 16 ( 3) 2 ( 3) ( 3) 55 41 67 43 20 56 7 14 12 9 274 403 616 337 101 284 60 110 72 80 7 8 17 10 4 9 3 4 6 3 34 21 40 19 10 11 5 5 4 4 12 39 26 9 5 15 1 2 2 6 98 153 211 122 23 98 20 38 21 32 55 84 157 90 30 74 13 29 12 15 17 22 35 17 6 21 4 8 3 6 51 77 130 69 24 55 14 24 23 13 New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... North Dakota ........................ Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 147 28 299 148 16 177 57 60 202 22 10 2 19 19 1 15 5 7 20 2 52 7 96 44 5 63 21 18 75 5 22 3 64 10 1 11 2 3 15 8 1 3 6 6 3 3 1 62 14 113 68 6 84 29 33 88 7 452 88 933 317 44 661 161 198 737 60 15 4 49 10 1 19 6 12 31 2 34 9 79 18 3 33 10 14 53 6 31 3 66 17 1 38 8 7 35 6 152 23 284 78 15 234 42 62 278 14 100 17 190 89 12 152 41 37 149 15 29 5 48 24 2 45 11 11 47 4 91 26 217 81 9 140 41 54 144 12 South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Vermont ................................ Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... West Virginia ........................ Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 57 17 112 357 35 12 138 107 27 120 8 7 1 14 27 4 1 11 10 3 14 1 16 6 35 96 16 5 47 37 8 49 2 2 1 5 16 2 1 17 8 3 3 ( ) 1 1 2 4 40 3 ( ) ( 3) 3 2 1 9 3 ( ) 31 6 55 179 13 5 60 51 13 47 3 159 50 230 837 143 46 309 352 86 359 30 5 1 9 35 6 2 21 17 4 14 2 14 2 14 66 5 3 24 25 12 19 2 9 1 7 37 11 2 17 11 2 10 3 ( ) 38 16 78 238 55 19 101 124 25 144 13 39 15 51 210 46 9 57 77 18 93 6 8 4 19 45 4 3 24 11 4 23 2 46 10 53 206 15 7 65 88 20 56 4 Alabama ............................... Alaska ................................... Arizona ................................. Arkansas ............................... California .............................. Colorado ............................... Connecticut ........................... Delaware .............................. District of Columbia .............. Florida ................................... 133 24 131 90 963 161 90 21 11 392 11 3 23 12 158 14 5 2 3 ( ) 47 43 8 42 23 312 68 30 8 5 121 13 3 10 2 84 9 13 2 3 27 7 5 18 31 6 4 1 3 ( ) 16 58 11 51 35 377 64 38 9 3 181 226 40 311 159 2,175 326 269 48 11 862 8 3 22 5 228 18 10 2 3 ( ) 54 9 4 16 9 177 14 19 3 2 47 9 1 16 3 73 9 14 2 ( 3) 35 52 14 64 33 498 92 80 11 1 148 72 8 93 51 604 91 76 12 3 212 30 2 30 20 131 25 24 6 1 105 46 8 70 39 464 76 47 11 3 261 Georgia ................................. Hawaii ................................... Idaho ..................................... Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... 195 15 48 351 228 114 102 135 21 2 8 37 24 13 7 12 75 5 18 131 80 40 42 40 13 4 3 30 9 3 5 4 10 ( 3) 1 40 29 8 7 14 75 4 18 114 86 49 42 65 330 33 116 843 469 274 224 262 13 4 6 39 17 9 5 6 15 3 7 42 27 13 14 20 10 1 2 38 15 4 4 11 89 8 34 219 114 85 61 61 98 8 33 260 139 93 85 75 32 2 9 85 46 30 21 25 72 7 26 159 112 41 33 63 ( 3) ( 3) 4 White See footnotes at end of table. ( 3) Table 19. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Usually work full time Population group and State Total Usually work part time Slack Vacation WeatherHoliday, work or or related legal or business personal curtailreligious conditions day ment Other reasons1 Total Slack work or business conditions Other Retired Could In family or or Social Other Childonly find school personal Security reacare part-time or problems obligalimit on sons2 work training tions earnings White–Continued Louisiana .............................. Maine .................................... 113 52 11 6 32 14 21 9 11 2 39 20 206 119 9 7 13 10 6 6 44 31 68 26 20 13 47 26 Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota ............................. Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Montana ................................ Nebraska .............................. Nevada ................................. New Hampshire .................... 158 217 271 202 51 234 37 60 50 45 10 17 32 16 6 22 6 7 9 3 53 66 114 98 18 77 11 24 17 17 25 57 10 6 4 13 3 3 4 8 6 4 21 7 4 33 3 4 ( 3) 2 65 74 95 76 18 88 13 22 20 16 341 553 799 483 109 384 83 157 99 114 13 18 29 19 3 15 5 5 10 6 35 34 49 30 5 16 6 8 5 6 11 38 25 8 4 14 1 2 2 7 94 159 208 123 21 102 21 41 22 34 91 150 261 152 39 119 21 52 21 29 34 54 65 49 11 43 8 16 7 12 63 101 161 101 26 75 20 33 31 21 New Jersey ........................... New Mexico .......................... New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... North Dakota ........................ Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Oregon .................................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 236 55 447 211 30 329 108 128 389 39 19 8 33 38 2 32 11 24 42 5 89 14 156 62 8 119 39 46 159 9 32 5 88 12 2 21 6 4 28 14 5 6 14 16 6 16 8 2 18 1 90 23 155 83 11 141 44 52 143 10 556 126 1,168 400 63 877 213 280 1,007 84 22 9 62 14 2 35 10 19 51 4 37 13 100 16 4 52 14 21 81 8 27 3 64 15 1 34 7 8 36 6 143 26 278 77 16 244 43 65 279 14 153 29 283 132 22 249 56 60 255 25 58 11 103 45 6 80 30 26 103 9 117 35 277 101 12 183 53 81 203 17 South Carolina ...................... South Dakota ........................ Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Utah ...................................... Vermont ................................ Virginia .................................. Washington ........................... West Virginia ........................ Wisconsin ............................. Wyoming ............................... 76 27 185 642 70 25 217 209 57 204 15 9 2 20 79 7 3 20 23 8 24 2 28 10 52 167 32 10 84 77 16 91 5 3 2 9 25 5 2 22 14 5 2 1 4 4 17 102 2 1 14 11 6 17 1 33 9 87 269 25 9 77 84 21 71 6 180 69 294 1,112 212 63 363 485 127 514 44 6 2 12 67 10 3 19 33 8 22 3 7 3 13 75 8 5 22 35 20 28 4 8 1 6 34 11 2 14 11 2 10 1 35 16 75 231 57 21 95 129 25 152 14 53 25 81 345 87 15 86 126 30 160 12 14 8 41 87 12 7 47 27 11 55 4 57 14 66 274 27 11 80 125 31 87 7 9 10 ( 4) 3 19 4 ( ) 1 3 13 3 24 ( 4) 8 31 4 ( ) 2 6 34 64 13 21 122 31 8 16 123 8 1 3 18 2 ( 3) 2 16 7 2 4 17 7 1 4 15 2 21 3 5 40 7 2 3 38 6 1 4 3 3 ( ) ( 3) 8 7 2 3 10 4 1 1 8 1 4 1 1 2 8 14 3 4 29 6 2 3 30 39 20 10 12 2 ( 3) 3 ( ) 1 13 18 18 3 1 2 3 14 2 5 1 ( 3) 3 ( ) 1 1 12 11 5 1 1 2 8 39 33 8 4 5 6 17 6 4 2 ( 3) 1 ( 3) 4 27 27 6 2 3 7 17 Black Alabama ............................... Arizona ................................. Arkansas ............................... California .............................. Connecticut ........................... Delaware .............................. District of Columbia .............. Florida ................................... Georgia ................................. Illinois .................................... Indiana .................................. Iowa ...................................... Kansas .................................. Kentucky ............................... Louisiana .............................. 51 ( 4) 17 69 4 ( ) 5 13 68 ( 4) ( 4) 1 1 10 76 44 ( ( ( ( 4) 4) 4) 4) 3 9 15 2 ( ( ( ( 4) 4) 4) 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 3) ( ( ( ( 1 9 3 6 16 12 4) 4) 4) 4) 6 ( ( ( ( 4) 4) 4) 4) 8 11 Maryland ............................... Massachusetts ...................... Michigan ............................... Mississippi ............................ Missouri ................................ Nevada ................................. 68 11 40 35 26 4 ( ) 6 1 8 6 2 16 1 14 7 6 4 ( ) 16 4 1 1 2 4 ( ) New Jersey ........................... 41 4 11 7 2 2 5 ( ( ( ( 6 See footnotes at end of table. ( 4) ( 3) ( 3) 3 8 47 ( 4) ( 4) 4) 4) 4) 4) ( 3) ( 4) ( 3) 4 1 ( 3) ( 3) 5 17 113 110 28 8 14 21 73 1 29 5 15 15 11 4 ( ) 71 20 73 44 26 6 6 2 7 5 1 3 ( ) 12 3 7 10 5 1 3 2 2 1 1 3 ( ) 7 3 10 4 2 3 ( ) 18 5 22 13 8 2 9 1 5 2 1 1 16 5 21 9 7 2 20 69 5 16 2 10 17 4 15 ( ( ( ( 3 5 5 4) 4) 4) 4) Table 19. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1997 annual averages — Continued (In thousands) Usually work full time Population group and State Total Usually work part time Slack Vacation WeatherHoliday, work or or related legal or business personal curtailreligious conditions day ment Slack work or business conditions Other Retired Could In family or or Social Other Childonly find school personal Security reacare part-time or problems obligalimit on sons2 work training tions earnings Other reasons1 Total 2 3 1 44 23 23 5 16 1 181 82 73 18 60 4 21 5 5 3 7 ( 3) 39 10 14 3 13 1 4 3 5 ( 3) 1 ( 3) 17 6 6 2 7 ( 3) 48 25 20 3 13 1 6 8 5 3 7 ( 3) 46 24 18 4 13 1 4 1 8 2 17 22 47 28 ( 4) 59 63 156 78 15 3 3 14 10 2 14 10 27 10 2 2 2 4 3 1 5 7 19 9 4 15 26 36 23 3 3 3 5 6 1 17 11 51 18 2 Black–Continued New York .............................. North Carolina ...................... Ohio ...................................... Oklahoma ............................. Pennsylvania ........................ Rhode Island ........................ 95 49 49 9 31 3 South Carolina ...................... Tennessee ............................ Texas .................................... Virginia .................................. Wisconsin ............................. 38 36 81 59 ( 4) ( 3) ( 4) 7 8 7 1 4 21 14 15 2 10 ( 3) 21 2 4 ( 3) 2 1 6 4 8 6 9 9 17 17 ( 4) 2 1 2 7 ( 4) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 4) 1 Includes seasonal work, job started or ended, own illness, child-care problems, other family or personal obligations, labor dispute, in school or training, civic or military duty, and all other reasons. 2 Includes seasonal work, health and medical limitations, full-time workweek less than 35 hours, and all other reasons. 3 Less than 500 persons. 4 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Table 20. States: Employed persons with a job but not at work by reason, 1997 annual averages (In thousands) State Total Vacation Child-care problems1 Own illness Other reasons2 Alabama ............................................................................. Alaska ................................................................................. Arizona ............................................................................... Arkansas ............................................................................. California ............................................................................ Colorado ............................................................................. Connecticut ......................................................................... Delaware ............................................................................ District of Columbia ............................................................ Florida ................................................................................. 106 19 71 53 592 84 82 14 9 254 45 10 34 24 305 46 50 8 4 138 14 2 9 6 74 7 9 1 1 27 26 3 18 10 112 15 8 3 2 52 22 5 9 12 101 16 14 2 2 37 Georgia ............................................................................... Hawaii ................................................................................. Idaho ................................................................................... Illinois .................................................................................. Indiana ................................................................................ Iowa .................................................................................... Kansas ................................................................................ Kentucky ............................................................................. Louisiana ............................................................................ Maine .................................................................................. 161 26 29 248 133 68 47 100 85 30 91 13 15 133 79 39 24 50 48 17 16 3 3 28 8 7 4 11 5 4 34 6 5 47 27 12 9 18 15 5 21 3 5 40 19 11 10 20 17 4 Maryland ............................................................................. Massachusetts .................................................................... Michigan ............................................................................. Minnesota ........................................................................... Mississippi .......................................................................... Missouri .............................................................................. Montana .............................................................................. Nebraska ............................................................................ Nevada ............................................................................... New Hampshire .................................................................. 114 153 219 106 51 121 22 37 34 28 64 90 120 66 26 56 12 19 17 15 10 16 21 9 5 11 2 4 4 3 22 27 49 12 10 31 3 7 6 6 18 20 30 19 10 24 6 7 7 4 New Jersey ......................................................................... New Mexico ........................................................................ New York ............................................................................ North Carolina .................................................................... North Dakota ...................................................................... Ohio .................................................................................... Oklahoma ........................................................................... Oregon ................................................................................ Pennsylvania ...................................................................... Rhode Island ...................................................................... 174 36 372 132 15 253 66 71 247 26 99 17 208 62 7 136 31 33 131 13 17 4 30 17 1 21 8 8 20 3 40 6 78 32 2 59 12 15 57 6 18 9 55 22 5 37 15 15 39 3 South Carolina .................................................................... South Dakota ...................................................................... Tennessee .......................................................................... Texas .................................................................................. Utah .................................................................................... Vermont .............................................................................. Virginia ................................................................................ Washington ......................................................................... West Virginia ...................................................................... Wisconsin ........................................................................... Wyoming ............................................................................. 69 15 114 395 39 15 117 132 42 118 11 34 7 53 201 20 9 63 68 23 64 7 8 2 13 40 6 1 9 13 3 11 1 16 3 24 77 7 2 20 20 8 26 2 11 4 25 77 6 3 25 31 7 18 2 1 Includes maternity or paternity leave and other family obligations. 2 Includes labor dispute, bad weather, in school or training, civic or military duty, and all other reasons. NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Table 21. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment, 1997 annual averages Total unemployed Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs1 Population group and State Job leavers Reentrants New entrants 10.5 24.6 12.3 10.2 14.0 10.6 8.5 23.9 5.2 9.3 14.9 14.3 14.2 14.5 8.3 14.1 13.3 13.6 4.5 14.4 38.3 32.0 39.9 34.9 32.4 45.9 32.9 34.1 44.4 33.5 9.6 3.1 6.5 9.4 10.9 5.1 6.2 2.5 6.6 8.1 41.1 44.5 48.5 47.9 44.4 31.0 42.2 45.6 51.0 12.3 10.6 22.4 17.4 15.6 5.9 19.0 13.8 22.3 13.4 9.9 12.4 8.9 14.3 17.1 13.3 10.1 11.0 37.0 36.0 33.0 33.9 36.0 47.0 36.3 31.8 34.7 8.6 9.6 6.1 9.3 5.2 4.9 8.2 12.4 3.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 42.1 52.6 46.2 49.0 38.8 38.0 45.9 44.9 11.4 16.5 20.9 20.4 7.8 10.5 20.7 10.4 12.2 9.7 9.3 9.7 14.2 16.7 14.4 20.1 39.9 29.9 37.5 34.8 36.3 34.5 36.3 30.6 5.8 7.7 7.0 6.4 10.7 10.8 3.5 4.4 215 51 564 139 262 66 101 311 27 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 53.2 41.8 47.3 45.3 44.1 36.3 49.0 49.4 51.6 13.0 13.8 10.8 10.7 17.3 7.5 20.5 19.5 16.0 9.0 12.9 9.2 15.4 12.2 17.8 15.5 11.2 10.6 31.5 38.4 33.4 32.1 35.9 39.6 31.6 30.9 30.1 6.3 6.9 10.1 7.2 7.8 6.3 4.0 8.5 7.7 86 146 531 13 135 142 55 108 13 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 36.2 49.1 41.0 47.5 38.2 45.5 40.7 49.6 41.9 8.3 15.9 8.6 26.7 7.8 21.5 15.8 25.2 16.1 15.1 9.3 12.4 8.6 13.8 15.4 15.4 16.8 12.6 39.1 35.3 35.9 36.3 40.3 36.2 29.1 28.3 38.8 9.7 6.3 10.7 7.5 7.8 2.9 14.8 5.3 6.8 Alabama ................................................................. Alaska ..................................................................... Arizona ................................................................... Arkansas ................................................................. California ................................................................ Connecticut ............................................................. District of Columbia ................................................ Florida ..................................................................... 51 16 51 37 556 52 9 178 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 39.7 55.5 51.1 50.1 55.9 53.4 52.4 52.5 14.4 26.2 16.5 12.2 16.2 9.0 6.9 11.0 12.7 13.4 10.3 14.2 8.4 11.6 6.0 13.4 39.1 28.9 32.9 28.1 26.7 30.4 35.1 27.2 8.4 2.2 5.7 7.7 9.0 4.6 6.4 6.9 Georgia ................................................................... Hawaii ..................................................................... Idaho ....................................................................... Illinois ...................................................................... Kentucky ................................................................. Louisiana ................................................................ Maine ...................................................................... 85 22 18 161 47 58 20 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 44.1 62.9 56.4 58.9 55.6 55.2 55.6 12.4 15.9 30.1 22.2 27.9 19.3 23.9 13.8 6.0 12.6 7.5 13.0 7.1 13.9 33.9 23.4 26.6 25.8 24.9 24.5 26.9 8.2 7.8 4.4 7.8 6.4 13.2 3.6 Number (in thousands) Percent Total On temporary layoff Alabama ................................................................. Alaska ..................................................................... Arizona ................................................................... Arkansas ................................................................. California ................................................................ Colorado ................................................................. Connecticut ............................................................. Delaware ................................................................ District of Columbia ................................................ Florida ..................................................................... 110 25 101 64 1,006 70 88 15 20 338 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 37.2 50.6 39.4 41.1 48.3 34.9 47.6 49.9 44.5 44.0 Georgia ................................................................... Hawaii ..................................................................... Idaho ....................................................................... Illinois ...................................................................... Indiana .................................................................... Kansas .................................................................... Kentucky ................................................................. Louisiana ................................................................ Maine ...................................................................... 177 38 34 288 109 52 104 124 36 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Maryland ................................................................. Massachusetts ........................................................ Michigan ................................................................. Minnesota ............................................................... Mississippi .............................................................. Missouri .................................................................. Montana .................................................................. Nevada ................................................................... 142 131 210 86 73 122 24 36 New Jersey ............................................................. New Mexico ............................................................ New York ................................................................ North Carolina ........................................................ Ohio ........................................................................ Oklahoma ............................................................... Oregon .................................................................... Pennsylvania .......................................................... Rhode Island .......................................................... South Carolina ........................................................ Tennessee .............................................................. Texas ...................................................................... Vermont .................................................................. Virginia .................................................................... Washington ............................................................. West Virginia .......................................................... Wisconsin ............................................................... Wyoming ................................................................. TOTAL Men See footnotes at end of table. Table 21. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total unemployed Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs1 Population group and State Number (in thousands) Percent Total On temporary layoff Job leavers Reentrants New entrants Men–Continued Maryland ................................................................. Massachusetts ........................................................ Michigan ................................................................. Mississippi .............................................................. Missouri .................................................................. Montana .................................................................. 74 75 111 31 69 15 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 48.5 61.3 55.5 53.7 44.0 57.8 15.4 19.8 27.3 8.9 11.2 25.7 9.1 8.6 9.0 11.8 19.8 11.9 36.4 25.8 30.2 25.3 22.5 27.9 5.9 4.3 5.3 9.1 13.7 2.5 New Jersey ............................................................. New Mexico ............................................................ New York ................................................................ North Carolina ........................................................ Ohio ........................................................................ Oregon .................................................................... Pennsylvania .......................................................... Rhode Island .......................................................... Tennessee .............................................................. Texas ...................................................................... Washington ............................................................. West Virginia .......................................................... Wyoming ................................................................. 116 28 296 70 133 57 170 14 83 284 78 33 6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 59.9 57.1 55.8 49.3 53.2 57.3 58.6 61.9 50.9 47.3 57.0 52.0 51.3 12.7 22.6 12.8 12.9 22.0 22.7 24.2 19.2 18.7 10.3 26.3 20.6 19.5 8.8 11.9 8.7 15.8 13.0 17.8 10.2 12.1 8.8 14.3 14.3 15.3 14.7 26.8 26.5 26.2 28.5 28.8 20.8 24.3 20.6 34.1 29.2 27.4 20.7 29.7 4.6 4.5 9.2 6.4 5.0 4.2 6.9 5.3 6.2 9.2 1.3 12.0 4.3 Alabama ................................................................. Alaska ..................................................................... Arizona ................................................................... Arkansas ................................................................. California ................................................................ District of Columbia ................................................ Florida ..................................................................... 59 9 49 28 450 11 160 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 35.0 41.9 27.3 29.3 39.0 38.2 34.5 7.2 21.9 8.0 7.5 11.3 3.8 7.3 16.8 16.0 18.3 15.0 8.3 3.3 15.4 37.6 37.5 47.1 44.1 39.5 51.8 40.6 10.6 4.6 7.3 11.7 13.2 6.8 9.5 Georgia ................................................................... Hawaii ..................................................................... Idaho ....................................................................... Illinois ...................................................................... Kentucky ................................................................. Louisiana ................................................................ Maine ...................................................................... 93 16 16 128 57 66 16 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 38.4 19.9 39.4 34.1 31.2 37.2 45.1 12.2 3.5 13.6 11.4 11.7 9.0 20.2 13.0 15.2 12.3 10.7 13.5 12.8 7.2 39.8 52.8 40.4 44.0 45.6 38.3 44.7 8.9 12.0 7.9 11.2 9.7 11.7 3.0 Maryland ................................................................. Massachusetts ........................................................ Michigan ................................................................. Mississippi .............................................................. Montana .................................................................. 67 56 99 41 10 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 35.0 41.0 35.8 27.4 28.1 7.1 12.1 13.8 7.0 13.3 15.6 11.2 9.6 16.0 18.1 43.7 35.5 45.7 44.7 48.9 5.7 12.3 9.0 11.9 5.0 New Jersey ............................................................. New Mexico ............................................................ New York ................................................................ North Carolina ........................................................ Ohio ........................................................................ Oregon .................................................................... Pennsylvania .......................................................... Rhode Island .......................................................... 99 23 268 69 130 44 141 13 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 45.3 23.6 37.8 41.3 34.7 38.3 38.4 41.0 13.3 3.4 8.7 8.4 12.6 17.6 13.8 12.8 9.2 14.2 9.8 15.1 11.4 12.5 12.3 9.0 37.1 52.4 41.2 35.7 43.2 45.5 38.9 39.9 8.4 9.8 11.1 7.9 10.6 3.7 10.4 10.2 South Carolina ........................................................ Tennessee .............................................................. Texas ...................................................................... West Virginia .......................................................... Wyoming ................................................................. 52 63 248 22 6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 32.5 46.7 33.8 24.0 32.3 8.0 12.3 6.5 8.9 12.7 15.0 10.0 10.1 15.5 10.4 44.6 36.9 43.6 41.5 48.1 7.9 6.5 12.5 19.0 9.3 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Alaska ..................................................................... California ................................................................ Florida ..................................................................... Illinois ...................................................................... New York ................................................................ Ohio ........................................................................ 4 152 49 55 88 58 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 16.4 13.2 10.6 16.2 11.3 11.8 4.8 5.4 5.4 7.6 2.2 2.6 5.0 3.2 9.1 8.9 6.0 12.1 61.3 40.4 49.6 46.6 45.0 48.5 17.4 43.2 30.8 28.3 37.7 27.5 Women See footnotes at end of table. Table 21. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total unemployed Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs1 Population group and State Job leavers Reentrants New entrants 5.2 2.5 5.8 4.0 9.8 11.9 43.7 45.9 28.4 29.9 33.6 47.7 35.5 51.7 40.6 46.1 50.3 49.0 46.9 13.9 24.8 13.5 11.7 16.0 8.1 10.4 20.7 13.3 14.9 16.5 7.9 14.0 15.5 37.8 31.6 39.1 27.5 31.0 32.0 30.7 6.1 3.4 5.5 9.8 10.7 5.1 7.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 46.1 48.8 52.2 45.4 35.8 41.9 48.0 51.6 13.0 23.1 23.4 17.7 7.0 19.5 13.6 22.8 17.4 11.7 11.8 14.9 18.3 13.9 15.3 11.3 32.3 33.3 29.9 34.8 42.6 35.1 27.4 33.7 4.2 6.2 6.0 4.8 3.3 9.2 9.4 3.4 70 112 158 97 20 29 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 51.8 55.4 50.3 35.4 48.3 45.8 17.2 18.5 24.1 12.1 23.4 11.4 15.1 9.4 10.7 19.4 14.4 19.6 27.1 28.0 34.4 35.6 33.7 30.6 6.1 7.2 4.6 9.6 3.6 4.1 152 44 348 81 213 45 93 245 23 99 411 13 129 51 86 12 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 55.0 41.7 49.9 46.8 46.1 35.6 48.8 53.0 55.9 58.1 40.3 47.9 46.7 42.5 53.8 41.3 14.5 12.9 13.3 11.0 19.1 9.0 19.7 22.2 17.6 20.0 9.0 27.5 22.1 16.8 29.8 15.4 7.8 13.5 11.7 17.5 12.4 19.4 15.5 12.1 11.1 9.7 13.8 7.9 16.1 15.6 17.3 12.3 31.2 37.3 29.9 31.2 34.4 39.1 31.3 26.9 28.1 29.1 36.3 36.8 34.2 27.1 24.7 39.0 6.0 7.5 8.4 4.5 7.1 5.9 4.3 8.0 4.9 3.1 9.6 7.4 3.0 14.8 4.3 7.4 Alabama ................................................................. California ................................................................ District of Columbia ................................................ Florida ..................................................................... 58 116 17 93 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 38.9 43.3 41.0 37.4 7.5 6.3 4.1 6.3 9.8 11.2 4.2 10.9 38.5 38.4 47.2 40.2 12.8 7.1 7.6 11.6 Georgia ................................................................... Illinois ...................................................................... Louisiana ................................................................ 96 94 64 100.0 100.0 100.0 38.2 41.6 42.8 12.1 7.2 14.4 9.9 4.2 5.4 40.6 41.6 36.7 11.3 12.6 15.2 Maryland ................................................................. Mississippi .............................................................. 69 49 100.0 100.0 33.5 35.3 5.9 6.1 8.7 10.5 52.3 40.9 5.5 13.3 New Jersey ............................................................. New York ................................................................ Pennsylvania .......................................................... Texas ...................................................................... 55 185 57 104 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 50.6 39.7 34.5 44.6 10.4 6.5 9.6 6.3 10.5 4.8 8.8 7.6 32.0 41.8 46.9 33.6 6.9 13.6 9.8 14.2 Hispanic origin California ................................................................ 390 100.0 52.0 19.6 6.3 29.2 12.6 Number (in thousands) Percent Total On temporary layoff 61 120 12 100.0 100.0 100.0 22.5 10.7 11.9 Alabama ................................................................. Alaska ..................................................................... Arizona ................................................................... Arkansas ................................................................. California ................................................................ Connecticut ............................................................. Florida ..................................................................... 52 18 85 39 778 65 237 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Georgia ................................................................... Idaho ....................................................................... Illinois ...................................................................... Indiana .................................................................... Kansas .................................................................... Kentucky ................................................................. Louisiana ................................................................ Maine ...................................................................... 79 33 183 88 41 91 56 35 Maryland ................................................................. Massachusetts ........................................................ Michigan ................................................................. Missouri .................................................................. Montana .................................................................. Nevada ................................................................... New Jersey ............................................................. New Mexico ............................................................ New York ................................................................ North Carolina ........................................................ Ohio ........................................................................ Oklahoma ............................................................... Oregon .................................................................... Pennsylvania .......................................................... Rhode Island .......................................................... Tennessee .............................................................. Texas ...................................................................... Vermont .................................................................. Washington ............................................................. West Virginia .......................................................... Wisconsin ............................................................... Wyoming ................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years–Continued Pennsylvania .......................................................... Texas ...................................................................... West Virginia .......................................................... White Black See footnotes at end of table. Table 21. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total unemployed Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs1 Population group and State Number (in thousands) Percent Total On temporary layoff Job leavers Reentrants New entrants Hispanic origin–Continued Florida ..................................................................... 73 100.0 46.2 9.5 11.0 31.0 11.8 New Jersey ............................................................. New Mexico ............................................................ New York ................................................................ Texas ...................................................................... 40 24 108 212 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 48.1 44.5 44.1 41.1 11.1 15.3 6.8 9.3 6.7 11.0 7.4 12.6 31.1 35.4 37.4 35.0 14.1 9.1 11.0 11.3 1 Formerly called "job losers". NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Table 22. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment, 1997 annual averages Total unemployed Population group and State 15 weeks and over Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 27 weeks and over Number (in thousands) Percent Alabama ........................................... Alaska ............................................... Arizona ............................................. Arkansas ........................................... California .......................................... Colorado ........................................... Connecticut ....................................... Delaware .......................................... District of Columbia .......................... Florida ............................................... 110 25 101 64 1,006 70 88 15 20 338 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 33.9 38.2 45.4 37.7 35.2 52.5 28.6 35.9 20.2 40.6 34.9 31.8 32.5 33.9 30.0 28.4 32.7 33.1 26.0 32.5 31.2 30.0 22.1 28.4 34.8 19.1 38.7 31.0 53.8 26.9 Georgia ............................................. Hawaii ............................................... Idaho ................................................. Illinois ................................................ Indiana .............................................. Kansas .............................................. Kentucky ........................................... Louisiana .......................................... Maine ................................................ 177 38 34 288 109 52 104 124 36 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 46.3 32.1 47.3 35.2 46.4 44.6 37.7 37.6 41.0 28.8 28.4 32.6 31.7 31.6 31.6 34.8 30.3 28.0 Maryland ........................................... Massachusetts .................................. Michigan ........................................... Minnesota ......................................... Mississippi ........................................ Missouri ............................................ Montana ............................................ Nevada ............................................. 142 131 210 86 73 122 24 36 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 34.2 36.8 40.5 40.9 32.4 35.7 40.0 42.1 New Jersey ....................................... New Mexico ...................................... New York .......................................... North Carolina .................................. Ohio .................................................. Oklahoma ......................................... Oregon .............................................. Pennsylvania .................................... Rhode Island .................................... 215 51 564 139 262 66 101 311 27 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 South Carolina .................................. Tennessee ........................................ Texas ................................................ Vermont ............................................ Virginia .............................................. Washington ....................................... West Virginia .................................... Wisconsin ......................................... Wyoming ........................................... 86 146 531 13 135 142 55 108 13 Alabama ........................................... Alaska ............................................... Arizona ............................................. Arkansas ........................................... California .......................................... Connecticut ....................................... District of Columbia .......................... Florida ............................................... Georgia ............................................. Hawaii ............................................... Idaho ................................................. Illinois ................................................ Kentucky ........................................... Louisiana .......................................... Maine ................................................ Total 15 to 26 weeks Total 27 to 51 weeks 52 weeks and over 17.8 16.5 12.8 15.0 15.7 10.1 21.9 11.8 23.1 14.9 13.4 13.5 9.3 13.4 19.1 9.0 16.8 19.2 30.7 12.0 5.7 8.6 3.6 6.3 8.5 4.1 6.7 8.6 13.5 5.3 7.6 4.8 5.6 7.1 10.6 4.9 10.1 10.6 17.2 6.8 25.0 39.5 20.1 33.1 22.0 23.8 27.4 32.1 31.0 12.6 15.6 12.4 16.5 13.5 12.2 14.0 12.7 11.0 12.4 23.9 7.7 16.5 8.5 11.6 13.4 19.4 20.0 7.1 6.9 4.6 7.0 3.4 7.2 5.7 6.0 8.3 5.3 17.0 3.1 9.6 5.1 4.4 7.7 13.4 11.7 30.9 34.6 32.7 30.8 32.5 32.9 31.2 32.3 34.9 28.7 26.8 28.3 35.1 31.4 28.8 25.6 15.5 12.6 14.1 15.2 17.5 16.0 14.8 14.4 19.3 16.1 12.7 13.1 17.6 15.3 14.0 11.2 8.0 8.5 6.7 7.5 5.5 8.9 7.8 8.3 11.3 7.6 6.1 5.6 12.1 6.4 6.2 2.9 33.8 38.1 28.1 42.7 39.7 41.4 42.0 34.9 28.7 30.1 34.1 27.7 31.3 31.5 31.8 36.0 34.8 37.2 36.0 27.8 44.3 26.0 28.8 26.8 22.1 30.4 34.0 16.2 13.2 17.9 13.4 13.8 14.1 13.6 14.6 20.2 19.8 14.6 26.3 12.6 15.0 12.7 8.5 15.8 13.8 9.7 7.5 9.7 8.5 7.0 4.8 4.5 8.3 4.7 10.1 7.1 16.7 4.1 8.1 7.9 3.9 7.5 9.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 39.8 37.3 41.3 40.4 35.4 45.9 31.0 41.2 41.7 32.2 36.6 33.0 32.4 35.3 31.1 32.5 35.4 32.4 28.0 26.2 25.7 27.2 29.3 23.0 36.5 23.4 25.9 12.4 15.4 12.0 16.4 15.4 13.3 14.5 15.4 15.7 15.6 10.8 13.7 10.9 13.9 9.6 22.0 8.0 10.2 5.9 7.4 5.9 3.1 4.7 5.1 7.3 2.7 6.1 9.7 3.4 7.9 7.8 9.1 4.6 14.7 5.3 4.1 51 16 51 37 556 52 9 178 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 35.3 38.5 45.8 37.7 33.3 24.0 19.5 41.1 37.8 33.1 31.2 30.0 30.0 32.8 28.8 31.9 26.9 28.4 23.0 32.3 36.7 43.2 51.7 27.0 16.7 16.3 14.7 16.9 16.9 25.3 25.9 15.3 10.3 12.0 8.3 15.4 19.8 17.9 25.8 11.7 4.6 7.6 3.0 8.3 8.9 6.6 10.8 5.3 5.7 4.4 5.3 7.1 10.9 11.3 15.0 6.4 85 22 18 161 47 58 20 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 46.8 26.0 50.4 35.2 40.2 36.1 37.8 26.6 30.0 34.1 30.4 32.3 31.2 25.9 26.6 44.0 15.5 34.4 27.5 32.7 36.3 11.9 14.6 9.3 17.2 16.4 14.1 11.5 14.7 29.4 6.2 17.1 11.1 18.6 24.8 10.1 10.8 2.9 6.7 3.1 7.5 9.4 4.6 18.6 3.3 10.5 8.0 11.1 15.4 TOTAL Men See footnotes at end of table. Table 22. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total unemployed Population group and State Number (in thousands) Percent 15 weeks and over Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 27 weeks and over Total 15 to 26 weeks Total 27 to 51 weeks 52 weeks and over Men–Continued Maryland ........................................... Massachusetts .................................. Michigan ........................................... Mississippi ........................................ Missouri ............................................ Montana ............................................ 74 75 111 31 69 15 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 30.9 32.6 39.9 30.0 31.0 38.1 32.8 34.3 32.7 32.9 31.6 30.8 36.3 33.1 27.4 37.1 37.3 31.2 17.2 13.3 15.4 20.2 17.5 16.9 19.1 19.8 12.0 16.9 19.9 14.2 7.2 10.4 5.7 3.7 10.6 5.4 11.9 9.4 6.4 13.2 9.3 8.8 New Jersey ....................................... New Mexico ...................................... New York .......................................... North Carolina .................................. Ohio .................................................. Oregon .............................................. Pennsylvania .................................... Rhode Island .................................... Tennessee ........................................ Texas ................................................ Washington ....................................... West Virginia .................................... Wyoming ........................................... 116 28 296 70 133 57 170 14 83 284 78 33 6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 33.0 35.4 27.5 42.5 41.0 42.4 33.6 28.0 34.2 41.3 46.3 25.9 35.7 29.0 34.4 27.4 31.7 27.8 36.1 34.6 33.8 37.6 32.2 30.4 34.3 31.9 38.0 30.3 45.0 25.8 31.2 21.6 31.8 38.2 28.3 26.5 23.3 39.8 32.4 16.7 17.3 17.5 14.7 15.3 13.0 14.1 22.8 15.3 11.3 13.9 14.8 19.5 21.3 12.9 27.6 11.1 15.9 8.5 17.8 15.4 13.0 15.2 9.4 25.0 13.0 8.8 7.6 10.3 7.6 5.8 4.2 9.2 5.4 9.0 5.1 5.8 7.1 6.6 12.5 5.4 17.2 3.5 10.1 4.4 8.5 10.1 4.0 10.1 3.7 17.9 6.4 Alabama ........................................... Alaska ............................................... Arizona ............................................. Arkansas ........................................... California .......................................... District of Columbia .......................... Florida ............................................... 59 9 49 28 450 11 160 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 32.8 37.5 44.9 37.6 37.5 20.7 40.1 32.4 29.6 33.9 39.2 30.0 23.8 33.2 34.8 32.9 21.1 23.2 32.6 55.5 26.8 18.9 16.9 10.9 12.6 14.2 20.9 14.4 16.0 16.0 10.3 10.6 18.3 34.6 12.3 6.6 10.4 4.3 3.5 8.1 15.6 5.2 9.3 5.6 6.0 7.1 10.3 19.0 7.1 Georgia ............................................. Hawaii ............................................... Idaho ................................................. Illinois ................................................ Kentucky ........................................... Louisiana .......................................... Maine ................................................ 93 16 16 128 57 66 16 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 45.8 40.3 43.7 35.1 35.8 38.9 45.0 30.7 26.3 30.9 33.4 36.8 29.5 30.7 23.5 33.4 25.5 31.5 27.4 31.5 24.3 13.2 16.9 16.0 15.7 12.1 11.4 10.3 10.3 16.5 9.4 15.8 15.3 20.1 14.0 4.4 1.7 6.6 7.3 7.8 4.7 7.0 5.9 14.7 2.8 8.4 7.5 15.5 7.0 Maryland ........................................... Massachusetts .................................. Michigan ........................................... Mississippi ........................................ Montana ............................................ 67 56 99 41 10 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 37.9 42.3 41.2 34.2 42.9 28.8 35.0 32.7 32.2 31.8 33.3 22.6 26.1 33.6 25.2 13.7 11.6 12.6 15.5 11.7 19.6 11.1 13.5 18.2 13.5 8.9 6.0 7.8 6.9 11.3 10.7 5.1 5.8 11.3 2.2 New Jersey ....................................... New Mexico ...................................... New York .......................................... North Carolina .................................. Ohio .................................................. Oregon .............................................. Pennsylvania .................................... Rhode Island .................................... 99 23 268 69 130 44 141 13 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 34.8 41.4 28.7 42.9 38.4 41.4 36.4 29.5 31.4 33.7 27.9 30.9 35.2 35.9 35.0 40.7 33.8 24.8 43.4 26.2 26.4 22.7 28.6 29.7 15.7 8.4 18.4 12.2 12.2 14.3 15.2 17.6 18.1 16.5 25.0 14.0 14.2 8.4 13.4 12.2 10.9 7.4 8.9 9.4 8.3 5.0 7.2 4.0 7.2 9.1 16.1 4.6 5.9 3.4 6.2 8.2 South Carolina .................................. Tennessee ........................................ Texas ................................................ Wyoming ........................................... 52 63 248 6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 35.7 41.3 41.3 47.9 29.7 35.3 33.9 32.9 34.6 23.4 24.8 19.2 14.3 15.5 12.7 11.9 20.3 7.8 12.1 7.3 6.8 5.2 6.8 5.6 13.6 2.6 5.3 1.7 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Alaska ............................................... California .......................................... Florida ............................................... Illinois ................................................ New York .......................................... Ohio .................................................. 4 152 49 55 88 58 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 45.7 42.8 48.6 47.3 36.4 47.6 43.7 35.6 34.2 30.6 32.2 32.6 10.6 21.7 17.2 22.1 31.4 19.8 8.5 13.6 7.5 14.8 16.3 8.6 2.1 8.1 9.7 7.2 15.0 11.2 1.3 4.3 3.7 4.0 6.9 7.9 .8 3.7 6.0 3.2 8.1 3.3 Women See footnotes at end of table. Table 22. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total unemployed Population group and State Number (in thousands) Percent 15 weeks and over Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 27 weeks and over Total 15 to 26 weeks Total 27 to 51 weeks 52 weeks and over Both sexes, 16 to 19 years–Continued Pennsylvania .................................... Texas ................................................ West Virginia .................................... 61 120 12 100.0 100.0 100.0 41.8 46.1 24.9 38.3 37.6 31.1 19.9 16.3 44.0 11.4 8.8 20.2 8.5 7.6 23.8 5.2 3.7 11.8 3.3 3.9 12.0 Alabama ........................................... Alaska ............................................... Arizona ............................................. Arkansas ........................................... California .......................................... Connecticut ....................................... Florida ............................................... 52 18 85 39 778 65 237 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 36.5 36.4 46.6 44.4 36.4 27.9 44.6 36.8 30.7 31.6 31.2 30.5 32.7 32.6 26.7 32.9 21.8 24.4 33.2 39.5 22.8 16.7 17.1 13.2 12.2 15.1 21.9 13.6 9.9 15.8 8.6 12.2 18.1 17.6 9.2 6.4 9.7 3.4 5.9 8.0 6.5 4.7 3.5 6.1 5.2 6.4 10.1 11.1 4.5 Georgia ............................................. Idaho ................................................. Illinois ................................................ Indiana .............................................. Kansas .............................................. Kentucky ........................................... Louisiana .......................................... Maine ................................................ 79 33 183 88 41 91 56 35 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 51.3 46.7 40.6 47.7 47.4 39.7 44.0 41.0 30.8 33.4 32.1 30.7 32.3 33.7 29.6 28.3 17.9 19.9 27.2 21.6 20.3 26.5 26.4 30.7 9.5 12.0 14.5 12.4 10.7 14.0 12.4 11.3 8.4 7.9 12.7 9.1 9.5 12.6 14.0 19.4 4.6 4.8 5.5 3.9 5.8 4.5 5.1 8.5 3.8 3.1 7.3 5.2 3.7 8.1 8.9 10.8 Maryland ........................................... Massachusetts .................................. Michigan ........................................... Missouri ............................................ Montana ............................................ Nevada ............................................. New Hampshire ................................ 70 112 158 97 20 29 20 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 41.5 37.1 43.1 37.1 40.8 43.7 52.2 32.0 35.3 32.4 33.2 32.6 32.1 31.6 26.5 27.6 24.6 29.7 26.6 24.2 16.2 12.0 12.0 13.4 12.7 14.0 13.6 7.4 14.4 15.5 11.2 17.0 12.7 10.6 8.8 5.9 8.1 5.5 8.7 7.9 7.6 6.9 8.5 7.4 5.8 8.3 4.7 3.0 1.8 New Jersey ....................................... New Mexico ...................................... New York .......................................... North Carolina .................................. Ohio .................................................. Oklahoma ......................................... Oregon .............................................. Pennsylvania .................................... Rhode Island .................................... Tennessee ........................................ Texas ................................................ Vermont ............................................ Washington ....................................... West Virginia .................................... Wisconsin ......................................... Wyoming ........................................... 152 44 348 81 213 45 93 245 23 99 411 13 129 51 86 12 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 34.3 39.2 32.0 49.1 39.7 45.6 40.9 36.0 27.9 37.6 41.3 40.4 47.1 31.4 43.5 42.1 30.9 34.7 28.4 25.9 31.5 31.0 37.4 35.4 37.3 38.4 32.3 32.9 29.1 32.3 35.9 32.5 34.8 26.0 39.7 25.0 28.8 23.5 21.7 28.5 34.8 24.0 26.4 26.7 23.9 36.3 20.6 25.4 16.1 12.8 18.2 12.4 13.0 11.2 13.1 14.5 20.0 14.6 12.2 16.2 14.2 14.3 14.7 15.3 18.7 13.3 21.4 12.6 15.8 12.2 8.6 14.0 14.8 9.4 14.2 10.5 9.7 22.0 5.9 10.1 8.8 7.5 9.2 8.8 7.7 5.1 4.9 8.6 5.0 5.1 6.2 2.5 5.6 7.4 1.9 6.0 10.0 5.8 12.2 3.7 8.2 7.1 3.7 5.4 9.8 4.2 8.0 8.0 4.1 14.6 4.0 4.1 Alabama ........................................... California .......................................... District of Columbia .......................... Florida ............................................... 58 116 17 93 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 31.7 30.8 18.6 30.5 33.2 29.3 24.5 31.1 35.1 39.8 56.9 38.4 18.5 17.2 24.9 18.5 16.5 22.6 32.0 19.8 5.1 11.2 13.3 7.0 11.5 11.5 18.7 12.9 Georgia ............................................. Illinois ................................................ Louisiana .......................................... 96 94 64 100.0 100.0 100.0 41.2 24.3 32.7 27.8 31.4 31.4 31.0 44.3 35.9 15.0 21.4 13.5 16.0 22.9 22.4 9.4 10.4 7.1 6.6 12.5 15.3 Maryland ........................................... Mississippi ........................................ 69 49 100.0 100.0 25.9 27.0 30.3 32.2 43.8 40.8 19.8 19.6 24.1 21.2 9.5 5.2 14.6 16.0 New Jersey ....................................... New York .......................................... Pennsylvania .................................... Texas ................................................ 55 185 57 104 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 33.0 21.1 31.2 40.6 29.1 26.7 29.8 35.6 37.9 52.2 39.0 23.8 15.8 17.6 15.3 11.4 22.0 34.7 23.7 12.4 10.9 10.3 8.5 4.6 11.1 24.4 15.1 7.9 White Black See footnotes at end of table. Table 22. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment, 1997 annual averages — Continued Total unemployed Population group and State Number (in thousands) Percent 15 weeks and over Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 27 weeks and over Total 15 to 26 weeks Total 27 to 51 weeks 52 weeks and over Hispanic origin California .......................................... Florida ............................................... 390 73 100.0 100.0 38.0 39.9 30.4 32.2 31.6 27.9 14.9 14.4 16.7 13.4 6.5 6.5 10.2 6.9 New Jersey ....................................... New Mexico ...................................... New York .......................................... Texas ................................................ 40 24 108 212 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 29.4 30.7 29.8 38.6 27.2 38.0 27.4 33.2 43.4 31.3 42.8 28.2 17.9 16.6 17.7 13.1 25.6 14.7 25.1 15.1 8.9 10.5 9.6 6.0 16.6 4.2 15.5 9.1 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages Unemployment Civilian labor force participation rate Employmentpopulation ratio Rate Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 73.4 82.8 65.1 54.7 70.8 80.1 62.5 46.5 3.6 3.3 4.0 14.9 3.2 2.7 3.3 11.8 - 4.1 3.8 4.7 18.1 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 74.3 58.0 72.5 52.2 2.4 10.1 1.9 6.8 - 2.8 13.4 Black .............................................................................. 71.6 66.9 6.6 5.5 - 7.6 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 70.0 75.2 65.3 51.6 65.9 70.5 61.8 37.8 5.8 6.3 5.3 26.7 5.1 5.2 4.3 22.3 - 6.6 7.4 6.3 31.2 White ............................................................................. 69.7 67.1 3.6 2.9 - 4.3 Black .............................................................................. 70.2 61.1 12.9 10.9 - 14.9 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 67.2 78.5 57.1 65.0 76.2 54.8 3.4 2.9 4.0 2.6 2.0 2.8 - 4.2 3.9 5.3 White ............................................................................. 67.4 65.4 3.0 2.2 - 3.8 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 75.4 73.1 3.1 1.2 - 5.0 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 69.5 76.1 63.5 57.8 67.2 73.1 61.7 52.5 3.4 3.9 2.9 9.2 2.9 3.2 2.2 5.5 - 4.0 4.7 3.6 12.9 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 69.9 62.9 67.8 58.7 3.1 6.6 2.5 3.3 - 3.6 10.0 Black .............................................................................. 63.9 58.4 8.6 5.4 - 11.7 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 72.3 69.6 3.8 1.2 - 6.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 66.4 72.8 60.8 62.8 68.8 57.6 5.4 5.5 5.2 4.2 3.9 3.7 - 6.5 7.1 6.8 White ............................................................................. 67.3 64.3 4.6 3.5 - 5.7 Black .............................................................................. 56.5 49.9 11.7 6.7 - 16.7 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 73.0 81.3 65.3 70.5 78.0 63.6 3.4 4.0 2.6 2.6 2.9 1.6 - 4.2 5.2 3.7 White ............................................................................. 73.6 72.1 2.1 1.4 - 2.9 Black .............................................................................. 72.2 66.9 7.2 5.1 - 9.4 Area and population group Error range of rate1 Atlanta MSA Baltimore PMSA Bergen-Passaic PMSA Boston PMSA Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA See footnotes at end of table. Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Unemployment Civilian labor force participation rate Employmentpopulation ratio Rate Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 69.2 78.1 61.0 50.8 65.9 74.2 58.1 43.6 4.9 5.0 4.7 14.1 4.4 4.4 4.1 11.7 - 5.3 5.6 5.3 16.6 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 70.7 56.8 68.3 51.6 3.3 9.2 2.9 6.8 - 3.8 11.6 Black .............................................................................. 62.9 55.6 11.7 10.3 - 13.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 71.2 67.3 5.5 4.3 - 6.8 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 71.8 78.3 65.8 69.3 76.1 63.1 3.4 2.9 4.0 2.6 1.9 2.8 - 4.2 3.9 5.3 White ............................................................................. 71.3 69.5 2.6 1.8 - 3.3 Black .............................................................................. 73.9 66.7 9.8 6.3 - 13.4 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 65.4 73.7 58.1 54.0 62.6 70.8 55.5 46.4 4.2 4.0 4.5 14.1 3.5 3.0 3.4 9.8 - 4.9 4.9 5.5 18.3 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 66.7 60.7 64.0 53.2 4.0 12.4 3.3 8.1 - 4.8 16.7 Black .............................................................................. 58.2 55.1 5.3 3.2 - 7.4 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 70.1 76.5 64.2 67.6 74.3 61.4 3.5 2.9 4.2 2.8 2.0 3.1 - 4.3 3.9 5.4 White ............................................................................. 70.7 68.3 3.3 2.5 - 4.1 Black .............................................................................. 67.2 63.4 5.7 3.2 - 8.2 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 75.2 83.4 67.2 56.9 72.2 80.2 64.3 44.8 4.0 3.8 4.3 21.2 3.5 3.1 3.5 17.0 - 4.6 4.5 5.1 25.5 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 75.3 59.8 72.8 49.2 3.3 17.7 2.8 13.2 - 3.9 22.3 Black .............................................................................. 75.7 69.6 8.0 6.2 - 9.9 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 79.9 76.6 4.1 2.8 - 5.4 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 63.9 71.4 56.7 60.5 67.6 53.8 5.3 5.3 5.1 4.1 3.7 3.4 - 6.4 6.9 6.9 White ............................................................................. 65.3 62.4 4.5 3.3 - 5.6 Black .............................................................................. 53.9 48.1 10.7 6.2 - 15.3 Area and population group Error range of rate1 Chicago PMSA Cincinnati PMSA Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA Columbus, Ohio MSA Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA Dayton-Springfield MSA See footnotes at end of table. Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Unemployment Civilian labor force participation rate Employmentpopulation ratio Rate Error range of rate1 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 73.1 79.7 66.8 59.9 70.8 77.1 64.7 52.2 3.2 3.2 3.1 12.9 2.5 2.2 2.1 7.7 - 3.8 4.1 4.1 18.1 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 73.2 59.7 71.1 53.0 2.9 11.3 2.2 6.0 - 3.6 16.5 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 73.3 69.4 5.3 2.9 - 7.6 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 65.2 73.6 57.5 58.2 62.4 70.5 55.1 51.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 12.1 3.7 3.5 3.5 9.1 - 4.7 4.9 5.0 15.1 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 66.3 63.7 64.1 58.3 3.3 8.5 2.7 5.6 - 3.8 11.4 Black .............................................................................. 59.6 54.4 8.7 7.1 - 10.3 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 64.6 61.4 5.0 1.5 - 8.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 69.2 76.6 62.3 65.9 73.1 59.3 4.7 4.7 4.8 3.8 3.4 3.5 - 5.7 5.9 6.2 White ............................................................................. 68.0 65.7 3.3 2.4 - 4.2 Black .............................................................................. 72.7 65.8 9.4 6.9 - 11.9 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 75.9 72.7 4.1 1.8 - 6.4 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 66.9 72.5 62.0 64.2 69.4 59.8 3.9 4.2 3.6 2.9 2.7 2.2 - 5.0 5.7 5.0 White ............................................................................. 66.0 63.6 3.7 2.6 - 4.7 Black .............................................................................. 70.6 66.4 5.9 2.7 - 9.1 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 71.1 81.9 60.3 45.4 66.8 76.9 56.7 35.4 6.1 6.2 5.9 22.0 5.3 5.2 4.8 17.5 - 6.8 7.1 7.0 26.5 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 71.9 46.1 68.1 36.8 5.3 20.2 4.5 15.0 - 6.1 25.3 Black .............................................................................. 68.6 61.7 10.0 8.0 - 12.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 69.8 64.2 8.1 6.4 - 9.8 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 71.2 79.9 63.5 69.1 77.2 62.0 2.9 3.4 2.4 2.2 2.2 1.4 - 3.7 4.5 3.4 White ............................................................................. 71.0 69.4 2.3 1.6 - 3.1 Area and population group Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA Detroit PMSA Fort Lauderdale PMSA Hartford MSA Houston PMSA Indianapolis MSA See footnotes at end of table. Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Unemployment Civilian labor force participation rate Employmentpopulation ratio Rate 70.8 65.9 6.8 3.8 - 9.9 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 73.0 78.5 68.1 64.9 70.2 75.2 65.9 56.7 3.8 4.2 3.3 12.6 3.1 3.2 2.4 8.6 - 4.4 5.2 4.2 16.7 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 73.9 69.1 71.5 60.8 3.2 12.0 2.6 7.7 - 3.9 16.3 Black .............................................................................. 64.9 59.4 8.6 5.6 - 11.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 65.3 75.8 55.0 35.3 60.8 71.0 50.9 27.5 6.8 6.4 7.4 22.0 6.3 5.7 6.6 19.1 - 7.4 7.1 8.2 25.0 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 66.1 38.7 61.7 30.5 6.7 21.1 6.1 18.0 - 7.3 24.3 Black .............................................................................. 61.7 54.8 11.1 9.3 - 12.9 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 67.0 37.6 61.5 28.6 8.3 23.8 7.5 19.6 - 9.1 28.0 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 70.8 77.9 64.3 67.9 75.3 61.2 4.0 3.3 4.8 2.9 2.0 3.1 - 5.1 4.7 6.5 White ............................................................................. 70.8 68.0 3.9 2.8 - 5.1 Black .............................................................................. 70.8 67.3 4.9 1.6 - 8.3 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 71.3 78.7 65.1 67.5 75.2 61.1 5.3 4.4 6.2 4.3 3.0 4.6 - 6.4 5.8 7.8 White ............................................................................. 68.9 67.2 2.5 1.5 - 3.6 Black .............................................................................. 73.7 67.6 8.3 6.5 - 10.2 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 64.7 74.4 55.7 30.4 60.3 69.4 51.9 24.6 6.8 6.8 6.9 18.9 5.8 5.5 5.4 11.9 - 7.8 8.1 8.3 25.8 White ............................................................................. 63.7 60.1 5.6 4.6 - 6.6 Black .............................................................................. 70.4 62.0 12.0 9.4 - 14.6 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 65.1 60.8 6.6 5.4 - 7.8 72.3 76.9 67.6 68.9 73.5 64.2 4.7 4.4 5.0 3.8 3.2 3.6 - 5.6 5.6 6.3 Area and population group Error range of rate1 Indianapolis MSA–Continued Black .............................................................................. Kansas City MSA Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA Louisville MSA Memphis MSA Miami PMSA Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Unemployment Civilian labor force participation rate Employmentpopulation ratio Rate White ............................................................................. 74.3 71.8 3.4 2.5 - 4.2 Black .............................................................................. 57.9 48.1 16.9 12.4 - 21.4 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 75.6 82.0 69.3 71.0 73.3 79.1 67.5 63.3 3.1 3.5 2.5 10.8 2.5 2.8 1.9 7.7 - 3.6 4.2 3.2 14.0 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 75.8 71.9 73.8 65.3 2.6 9.2 2.1 6.0 - 3.1 12.3 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 67.4 76.6 58.8 65.5 74.4 57.2 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.3 2.2 2.0 - 3.4 3.6 3.5 White ............................................................................. 67.2 65.4 2.8 2.3 - 3.3 Black .............................................................................. 65.4 62.4 4.5 1.9 - 7.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 74.2 72.2 2.8 1.1 - 4.4 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 63.3 70.3 57.5 60.0 67.4 53.8 5.2 4.1 6.3 4.3 3.0 4.9 - 6.1 5.3 7.7 White ............................................................................. 62.5 60.5 3.2 2.3 - 4.1 Black .............................................................................. 65.0 59.4 8.6 6.7 - 10.6 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 59.8 69.5 51.4 28.7 54.6 63.8 46.7 19.5 8.7 8.2 9.2 32.0 8.2 7.5 8.5 28.5 - 9.2 8.9 10.0 35.5 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 59.7 31.3 55.9 22.8 6.5 27.2 5.9 22.8 - 7.0 31.7 Black .............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 58.0 26.0 49.5 14.7 14.7 43.6 13.6 37.3 - 15.9 49.9 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 56.9 31.9 51.1 23.0 10.3 27.9 9.3 21.6 - 11.4 34.2 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 69.1 76.5 62.4 50.2 65.0 71.5 59.1 42.3 5.9 6.5 5.2 15.7 4.9 5.0 3.9 9.7 - 6.9 7.9 6.6 21.8 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 68.8 55.5 65.6 47.9 4.7 13.8 3.6 7.2 - 5.8 20.4 Black .............................................................................. 70.1 63.5 9.3 7.0 - 11.6 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 70.1 63.0 10.1 6.3 - 13.9 Area and population group Error range of rate1 Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA–Continued Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA Nassau-Suffolk PMSA New Orleans MSA New York PMSA Newark PMSA See footnotes at end of table. Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Unemployment Civilian labor force participation rate Employmentpopulation ratio Rate Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 68.4 74.0 63.8 64.5 70.3 59.6 5.7 5.0 6.5 4.5 3.4 4.7 - 7.0 6.6 8.3 White ............................................................................. 69.0 66.9 3.0 1.9 - 4.1 Black .............................................................................. 66.9 58.9 12.0 9.1 - 15.0 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 67.9 75.3 61.1 65.1 72.6 58.3 4.1 3.6 4.7 3.5 2.8 3.8 - 4.7 4.4 5.6 White ............................................................................. 67.7 65.2 3.7 3.0 - 4.4 Black .............................................................................. 65.5 59.6 9.0 6.5 - 11.5 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 74.5 68.5 8.0 5.3 - 10.7 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 68.1 76.8 60.3 65.3 73.6 57.8 4.1 4.1 4.1 2.9 2.4 2.3 - 5.3 5.8 5.8 White ............................................................................. 68.9 66.7 3.2 2.0 - 4.4 Black .............................................................................. 66.9 62.1 7.3 2.6 - 11.9 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 70.1 79.0 61.0 66.9 74.6 59.0 4.6 5.6 3.2 3.9 4.7 2.3 - 5.2 6.6 4.0 White ............................................................................. 72.1 68.8 4.5 3.8 - 5.2 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 77.7 73.3 5.8 4.4 - 7.2 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 65.3 73.4 58.4 43.7 61.9 69.5 55.4 36.2 5.2 5.3 5.2 17.3 4.7 4.6 4.4 13.9 - 5.7 6.0 5.9 20.7 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 67.7 50.0 65.0 43.4 3.9 13.1 3.4 9.6 - 4.4 16.6 Black .............................................................................. 55.5 49.2 11.4 9.7 - 13.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 61.3 55.0 10.3 6.6 - 14.0 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 66.9 75.3 58.7 56.9 64.1 72.4 56.0 49.5 4.1 3.8 4.5 13.1 3.5 3.0 3.6 9.3 - 4.7 4.6 5.5 17.0 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 66.4 59.8 64.0 52.9 3.6 11.4 3.0 7.6 - 4.2 15.2 Black .............................................................................. 67.4 60.0 11.1 6.5 - 15.7 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 68.3 65.7 3.7 2.4 - 5.0 Area and population group Error range of rate1 Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA Oakland PMSA Oklahoma City MSA Orange County PMSA Philadelphia PMSA Phoenix-Mesa MSA See footnotes at end of table. Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Unemployment Civilian labor force participation rate Employmentpopulation ratio Rate Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 61.2 69.2 54.1 49.0 58.0 65.3 51.5 40.5 5.3 5.6 4.8 17.5 4.5 4.6 3.8 12.5 - 6.0 6.7 5.9 22.5 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 61.6 50.4 58.6 41.8 4.9 17.1 4.2 12.0 - 5.7 22.1 Black .............................................................................. 57.5 50.6 12.0 7.2 - 16.8 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 70.7 79.5 61.9 56.7 67.8 76.3 59.4 50.4 4.0 4.0 4.0 11.1 3.5 3.4 3.3 8.0 - 4.5 4.6 4.8 14.2 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 70.6 57.1 67.7 50.8 4.1 11.0 3.6 7.8 - 4.6 14.3 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 82.5 78.7 4.6 2.7 - 6.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 68.5 76.0 61.8 63.9 65.0 72.3 58.4 56.4 5.1 4.9 5.4 11.8 3.8 3.1 3.5 4.7 - 6.4 6.6 7.3 19.0 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 68.3 64.5 65.0 58.3 4.8 9.7 3.5 2.8 - 6.1 16.6 Black .............................................................................. 73.3 65.3 10.9 2.7 - 19.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 65.9 57.0 13.5 4.3 - 22.8 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 63.2 72.9 53.8 35.0 58.3 67.6 49.4 26.8 7.7 7.3 8.2 23.3 6.8 6.2 6.8 18.5 - 8.6 8.5 9.5 28.2 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 63.0 34.3 58.5 25.8 7.1 24.7 6.2 19.5 - 8.1 29.8 Black .............................................................................. 61.9 54.6 11.9 8.8 - 14.9 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 66.8 60.9 8.8 7.1 - 10.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 69.5 75.3 64.0 53.2 65.9 71.8 60.5 44.0 5.1 4.6 5.6 17.3 3.8 2.9 3.6 9.1 - 6.4 6.3 7.6 25.4 White ............................................................................. 69.9 66.4 5.0 3.6 - 6.4 Black .............................................................................. 65.9 62.2 5.7 1.7 - 9.6 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 65.4 71.4 59.4 61.3 67.2 55.5 6.2 5.8 6.7 5.3 4.6 5.2 - 7.2 7.1 8.1 White ............................................................................. 67.5 63.7 5.5 4.6 - 6.5 Area and population group Error range of rate1 Pittsburgh MSA Portland-Vancouver PMSA Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA Rochester MSA Sacramento-Yolo CMSA See footnotes at end of table. Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Unemployment Civilian labor force participation rate Employmentpopulation ratio Rate 72.0 65.0 9.8 6.6 - 12.9 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 69.5 76.0 63.6 62.1 66.0 72.2 60.3 52.5 5.0 5.0 5.1 15.5 4.6 4.4 4.4 12.8 - 5.5 5.6 5.8 18.1 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 71.2 66.8 68.2 58.8 4.2 12.0 3.7 9.3 - 4.7 14.7 Black .............................................................................. 63.2 57.4 9.2 7.7 - 10.6 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 74.1 82.5 66.1 68.8 71.8 79.9 64.2 62.5 3.1 3.2 2.9 9.1 2.2 2.0 1.7 4.8 - 3.9 4.4 4.1 13.4 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 73.7 68.4 71.6 62.3 3.0 9.0 2.1 4.5 - 3.8 13.4 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 77.6 74.6 3.9 .4 - 7.3 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 66.2 75.5 58.3 63.2 72.2 55.5 4.6 4.4 4.9 3.5 2.9 3.2 - 5.7 5.9 6.5 White ............................................................................. 65.8 62.8 4.6 3.4 - 5.7 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 64.9 60.8 6.3 4.5 - 8.1 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 67.2 75.7 59.0 41.7 63.6 71.5 55.9 33.9 5.4 5.5 5.2 18.7 4.5 4.3 4.0 12.0 - 6.3 6.7 6.5 25.4 White ............................................................................. 67.4 64.5 4.2 3.3 - 5.1 Black .............................................................................. 63.1 50.8 19.5 13.1 - 25.9 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 68.2 65.0 4.7 3.0 - 6.4 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 73.5 79.2 68.0 70.2 75.6 65.0 4.5 4.6 4.4 3.6 3.3 3.1 - 5.4 5.8 5.7 White ............................................................................. 76.0 72.8 4.2 3.2 - 5.2 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 81.0 76.5 5.5 3.2 - 7.9 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 70.0 77.8 62.2 67.2 74.7 59.6 4.0 4.0 4.1 3.1 2.8 2.7 - 4.9 5.2 5.4 White ............................................................................. 72.2 69.5 3.7 2.7 - 4.7 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 74.5 69.7 6.4 3.9 - 8.9 Area and population group Error range of rate1 Sacramento-Yolo CMSA–Continued Hispanic origin ............................................................... St. Louis MSA Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA San Antonio MSA San Diego MSA San Francisco PMSA San Jose PMSA See footnotes at end of table. Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Unemployment Civilian labor force participation rate Employmentpopulation ratio Rate Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 74.2 81.2 67.1 67.8 71.2 77.9 64.4 56.1 4.0 4.0 4.1 17.2 3.3 3.0 3.0 12.1 - 4.8 5.0 5.1 22.2 White ............................................................................. 74.4 71.5 3.9 3.2 - 4.7 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 60.8 68.4 54.1 68.5 57.5 64.4 51.4 56.7 5.4 5.8 4.9 17.1 4.6 4.7 3.8 12.6 - 6.2 6.9 6.0 21.7 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 59.2 70.3 56.5 59.9 4.6 14.8 3.8 10.0 - 5.4 19.6 Black .............................................................................. 72.8 64.7 11.1 8.0 - 14.3 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 62.0 57.5 7.1 4.5 - 9.7 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 70.7 77.1 64.5 47.4 67.6 74.0 61.5 40.5 4.3 4.0 4.7 14.6 4.1 3.7 4.4 12.9 - 4.5 4.3 5.0 16.2 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 71.1 51.8 69.0 46.7 3.0 9.9 2.8 8.2 - 3.2 11.6 Black .............................................................................. 69.3 63.6 8.2 7.7 - 8.8 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 80.7 77.0 4.6 3.8 - 5.3 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 60.1 64.7 55.9 45.2 52.1 53.6 50.7 22.6 13.4 17.1 9.4 50.0 10.7 13.2 6.1 45.3 - 16.0 21.1 12.7 54.7 White ............................................................................. 54.1 51.5 4.8 1.8 - 7.8 Black .............................................................................. 63.6 52.2 17.9 14.3 - 21.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 64.7 73.4 57.0 38.4 59.3 67.2 52.3 28.2 8.3 8.4 8.3 26.5 7.5 7.3 7.1 21.8 - 9.1 9.5 9.4 31.1 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 69.4 45.8 65.7 38.0 5.4 17.0 4.6 11.2 - 6.2 22.8 Black .............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 57.1 31.2 49.2 17.7 13.8 43.3 12.1 35.7 - 15.4 50.9 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 67.0 41.0 61.3 33.6 8.5 18.1 6.7 10.1 - 10.2 26.2 58.6 66.7 52.0 54.3 61.9 48.2 7.4 7.3 7.5 5.2 4.2 4.3 - 9.6 10.3 10.6 Area and population group Error range of rate1 Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA Washington D.C. PMSA Baltimore central city Chicago central city Cleveland central city Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Unemployment Civilian labor force participation rate Employmentpopulation ratio Rate White ............................................................................. 63.9 58.8 8.1 5.2 - 10.9 Black .............................................................................. 50.3 47.1 6.5 2.9 - 10.0 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 63.0 54.2 14.0 6.4 - 21.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 71.9 81.3 62.9 68.8 77.9 60.0 4.4 4.1 4.7 3.3 2.7 3.0 - 5.5 5.6 6.3 White ............................................................................. 73.0 70.7 3.2 2.1 - 4.3 Black .............................................................................. 69.3 63.5 8.4 5.6 - 11.2 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 77.1 74.4 3.5 1.6 - 5.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 55.5 59.2 52.9 50.6 53.3 48.7 8.9 9.9 8.0 7.2 7.3 5.8 - 10.6 12.6 10.2 White ............................................................................. 51.2 47.4 7.4 3.5 - 11.2 Black .............................................................................. 56.3 51.0 9.4 7.5 - 11.3 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 61.8 66.5 57.8 30.3 56.9 61.7 52.8 17.5 7.9 7.2 8.6 42.4 7.1 6.1 7.4 36.8 - 8.7 8.3 9.8 47.9 White ............................................................................. 77.0 74.8 2.9 2.1 - 3.7 Black .............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 54.3 28.9 48.2 14.9 11.4 48.5 10.1 41.1 - 12.6 56.0 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 76.0 69.3 8.8 5.6 - 12.0 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 68.3 80.0 57.2 46.2 63.1 74.1 52.4 35.5 7.7 7.4 8.3 23.1 6.6 6.0 6.6 17.8 - 8.8 8.8 9.9 28.4 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 70.3 46.1 66.0 38.3 6.1 17.0 4.9 9.8 - 7.3 24.3 Black .............................................................................. 64.1 55.7 13.0 10.6 - 15.5 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 66.5 60.5 9.0 6.8 - 11.1 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 67.1 75.1 60.6 64.1 71.0 58.7 4.4 5.5 3.2 2.9 3.3 1.5 - 5.8 7.8 5.0 White ............................................................................. 66.1 63.9 3.4 1.9 - 4.8 Black .............................................................................. 69.2 64.1 7.4 3.8 - 11.0 Area and population group Error range of rate1 Cleveland central city–Continued Dallas central city Detroit central city District of Columbia Houston central city Indianapolis central city See footnotes at end of table. Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Unemployment Civilian labor force participation rate Employmentpopulation ratio Rate Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 65.4 77.1 53.8 33.8 60.2 71.4 49.1 27.7 7.9 7.4 8.8 18.0 7.2 6.4 7.6 13.0 - 8.7 8.3 10.0 23.0 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 66.1 34.6 61.1 28.3 7.6 18.2 6.8 12.7 - 8.4 23.7 Black .............................................................................. 58.8 50.9 13.3 10.5 - 16.2 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 67.1 34.2 61.2 27.2 8.8 20.4 7.6 13.7 - 9.9 27.1 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 67.0 67.1 67.0 61.2 60.9 61.5 8.6 9.2 8.1 6.5 6.2 5.4 - 10.7 12.2 10.9 White ............................................................................. 72.0 68.2 5.2 3.2 - 7.2 Black .............................................................................. 57.4 47.5 17.3 12.6 - 21.9 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 70.4 64.7 8.1 2.4 - 13.7 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 58.5 68.2 50.1 27.6 53.0 62.1 45.1 18.2 9.4 8.8 10.0 34.1 8.9 8.2 9.3 32.0 - 9.9 9.5 10.8 36.2 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 57.7 30.2 53.5 21.2 7.3 29.8 6.7 26.4 - 7.9 33.2 Black .............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 57.8 26.1 49.3 14.7 14.7 43.8 13.6 40.5 - 15.7 47.1 Hispanic origin ............................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 55.8 32.3 49.8 23.3 10.8 27.9 9.7 22.3 - 11.9 33.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 56.2 64.7 49.9 33.7 51.4 58.7 45.9 23.3 8.6 9.3 8.0 31.1 7.3 7.4 6.2 22.1 - 9.9 11.2 9.7 40.0 White ............................................................................. 60.8 57.7 5.2 3.8 - 6.6 Black .............................................................................. 52.5 46.0 12.2 10.0 - 14.5 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 50.2 45.0 10.3 3.9 - 16.8 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 70.8 80.3 61.8 52.8 67.3 76.5 58.5 44.0 5.0 4.7 5.4 16.6 4.1 3.5 4.0 11.5 - 6.0 5.9 6.9 21.7 White ............................................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 71.1 56.7 68.0 48.9 4.4 13.7 3.4 8.6 - 5.3 18.9 Black .............................................................................. 63.1 55.6 11.8 6.5 - 17.0 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 66.8 64.0 4.2 2.5 - 5.9 Area and population group Error range of rate1 Los Angeles central city Milwaukee central city New York central city Philadelphia central city Phoenix central city See footnotes at end of table. Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Unemployment Civilian labor force participation rate Employmentpopulation ratio Rate Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 68.1 75.8 60.9 63.6 70.5 57.1 6.6 7.0 6.2 4.2 3.6 2.8 - 9.0 10.3 9.6 White ............................................................................. 74.2 70.7 4.7 1.8 - 7.6 Black .............................................................................. 63.7 58.4 8.4 4.6 - 12.2 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 66.6 76.0 58.8 63.6 73.0 55.8 4.5 3.9 5.1 3.3 2.4 3.4 - 5.7 5.4 6.9 White ............................................................................. 66.1 63.1 4.6 3.3 - 5.8 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 65.7 62.1 5.5 3.8 - 7.2 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 67.3 75.4 59.2 63.7 71.0 56.3 5.3 5.8 4.8 4.1 4.0 3.0 - 6.6 7.5 6.6 White ............................................................................. 67.0 64.5 3.7 2.5 - 5.0 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 65.2 63.0 3.4 1.2 - 5.5 Total ................................................................................ Men ................................................................................ Women .......................................................................... 73.1 78.1 68.5 69.7 74.0 65.7 4.7 5.3 4.1 3.4 3.4 2.3 - 6.1 7.3 5.8 White ............................................................................. 77.3 74.0 4.3 2.7 - 5.9 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 81.2 77.2 4.9 1.8 - 8.1 Area and population group Error range of rate1 St. Louis central city San Antonio central city San Diego central city San Francisco central city 1 Error ranges are calculated at the 90-percent confidence interval, which means that if repeated samples were drawn from the same population and an error range constructed around each sample estimate, in 9 out of 10 cases the true value based on a complete census of the population would be contained within these error ranges. NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages Managerial and professional specialty Population group and area Total employed1 Executive, administrative, and managerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and related specialty support Sales Operators, fabricators, and laborers Service Administraoccupative suptions port, including clerical Precision production, craft, and repair Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers TOTAL Metropolitan areas:2 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cincinnati PMSA ............................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Indianapolis MSA .............................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Pittsburgh MSA ................................. Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 19.8 16.2 17.1 18.7 14.3 14.8 16.9 16.4 13.4 15.2 16.4 14.9 18.6 14.0 16.5 13.8 13.6 18.4 16.2 15.6 16.7 16.3 14.9 15.6 19.1 16.6 12.8 15.7 16.1 15.9 19.8 16.0 21.4 15.6 11.5 16.2 15.1 14.2 15.2 15.6 16.0 17.1 16.2 13.6 16.3 15.9 16.2 14.8 15.1 13.3 11.8 11.9 16.2 15.5 15.9 14.6 16.8 15.1 3.7 3.8 4.5 3.9 4.8 3.6 2.6 3.9 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.7 4.2 3.5 3.5 4.1 3.8 3.0 3.4 2.5 3.8 3.8 3.0 3.0 3.4 3.3 2.8 2.6 3.6 13.3 13.5 16.0 11.2 12.4 11.2 13.0 13.1 12.3 11.5 12.6 8.7 13.5 12.4 14.8 11.9 14.6 13.3 13.3 11.8 11.1 12.9 13.7 10.9 13.4 13.7 12.5 10.6 12.8 14.4 15.9 15.6 13.6 15.2 16.2 15.8 14.6 14.6 17.8 15.9 12.4 15.3 14.0 14.2 15.8 13.7 14.9 15.1 14.1 15.4 15.1 15.7 15.6 15.2 16.6 17.2 15.6 16.0 10.5 12.2 9.7 12.5 13.6 10.7 11.8 11.8 14.0 12.8 11.5 16.0 10.6 13.0 14.5 13.1 12.0 10.3 13.4 13.5 12.8 13.7 15.7 10.9 12.2 12.9 15.9 18.7 14.6 10.0 8.3 8.1 8.7 10.8 12.6 9.7 10.5 11.9 8.9 11.4 10.5 9.8 11.4 12.6 9.6 11.5 9.2 10.3 9.7 10.9 11.3 8.7 11.1 10.6 10.9 10.7 7.6 7.9 4.1 3.3 7.1 3.3 5.5 8.8 5.7 6.5 6.9 5.0 5.4 9.7 3.4 7.8 2.0 6.2 4.4 6.6 5.7 8.5 6.5 4.1 4.4 7.4 3.8 4.2 3.2 4.4 5.3 3.5 2.8 2.7 2.7 3.6 4.4 4.0 3.7 3.7 4.4 3.7 3.2 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.6 5.3 3.4 2.7 3.4 4.1 5.1 5.3 4.3 2.8 2.9 5.8 3.6 4.0 4.0 3.0 2.5 3.2 2.1 4.6 3.8 3.4 4.1 3.8 3.0 4.0 3.1 3.8 3.2 4.0 3.5 3.9 4.6 3.9 4.6 4.7 4.8 3.8 2.9 2.3 3.4 3.8 3.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 14.7 19.1 16.9 19.1 16.2 15.2 16.3 16.4 13.1 11.5 13.5 17.4 11.6 14.8 13.3 14.2 20.0 17.6 20.2 14.9 19.3 16.2 14.9 18.4 13.7 17.7 14.4 16.7 13.1 15.9 16.7 15.7 14.6 12.3 15.8 19.0 23.7 20.8 5.1 4.8 3.6 3.7 3.1 3.6 3.1 3.2 3.3 2.8 3.1 3.8 3.8 3.6 2.8 3.8 2.2 5.5 3.7 13.3 14.6 12.4 14.0 13.2 12.9 12.6 12.4 11.5 12.8 11.4 13.6 12.7 13.1 11.9 14.0 13.6 10.6 11.4 14.3 15.1 16.3 11.9 16.4 15.3 14.0 14.1 13.9 16.5 12.7 16.5 15.1 17.7 16.2 14.2 12.8 11.1 13.0 13.6 8.4 12.0 12.3 12.7 13.2 13.4 11.9 13.1 13.5 14.7 11.8 14.3 10.2 16.3 15.2 14.1 7.9 10.5 10.8 9.2 9.7 11.5 8.5 11.5 10.0 10.8 11.4 12.8 12.1 8.8 11.5 12.3 10.4 10.1 8.3 10.3 9.2 3.8 2.1 4.5 6.6 3.6 5.2 4.3 6.2 9.5 4.8 6.8 2.9 5.3 5.0 5.7 4.4 3.8 7.3 3.4 3.7 4.1 3.1 2.3 3.4 3.3 4.3 4.0 2.7 5.1 3.9 3.4 3.9 3.6 5.0 2.4 1.8 2.0 2.9 4.3 2.7 4.0 2.9 3.2 3.3 3.5 4.9 3.6 4.7 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.2 2.6 2.5 3.8 100.0 100.0 14.8 21.7 11.0 22.6 3.2 3.4 14.8 9.5 16.2 13.5 15.6 12.9 11.3 7.9 4.2 1.3 3.6 3.1 3.1 2.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 11.1 15.5 8.4 15.4 6.4 22.1 13.2 15.9 12.3 15.6 9.7 16.9 8.4 24.5 14.6 13.2 4.2 2.3 3.1 2.6 2.7 4.1 3.2 2.9 9.8 10.5 9.6 12.6 8.3 7.1 13.2 10.5 15.9 14.7 15.8 15.4 16.9 15.1 13.2 16.8 21.5 16.7 18.2 11.5 24.2 16.9 16.0 13.6 9.3 8.6 11.5 11.8 8.6 3.6 9.2 9.6 4.3 6.7 13.1 5.8 14.4 1.3 5.3 7.8 5.6 4.4 4.5 3.2 4.4 3.0 5.8 4.6 5.5 4.5 5.2 3.1 5.2 1.9 4.7 4.7 Cities: Baltimore central city ........................ Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Indianapolis central city .................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Managerial and professional specialty Population group and area Total employed1 Executive, administrative, and managerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and related specialty support Sales Operators, fabricators, and laborers Service Administraoccupative suptions port, including clerical Precision production, craft, and repair Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers TOTAL–Continued Cities:–Continued Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... St. Louis central city ......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 14.9 10.2 14.8 12.0 12.9 6.4 12.9 13.8 17.4 15.4 14.0 16.0 17.6 11.8 23.2 11.7 17.0 17.1 2.2 1.6 2.4 2.5 3.6 4.2 2.6 3.6 1.9 11.0 9.2 10.1 10.9 11.1 9.7 11.5 12.0 12.0 12.6 14.9 15.9 18.6 15.9 15.7 16.4 15.2 11.9 16.6 21.6 20.0 18.8 13.2 19.2 16.9 16.3 19.5 9.0 9.9 7.5 7.0 13.0 5.5 10.3 10.6 7.1 8.9 9.1 5.0 4.3 7.2 7.9 5.7 4.2 5.0 2.8 3.6 3.7 3.5 4.1 2.3 5.0 2.4 2.6 4.0 5.3 4.1 3.7 4.1 5.5 4.4 3.4 3.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 21.2 19.5 18.0 18.8 17.0 15.2 16.9 16.3 15.3 18.0 17.5 15.8 17.0 14.5 17.8 13.5 14.1 22.6 16.7 14.9 19.2 18.5 14.4 15.5 20.1 18.5 12.8 16.4 18.0 13.8 17.8 14.8 19.4 14.6 7.4 14.6 12.6 12.1 14.7 13.7 13.9 18.3 15.8 10.7 15.7 14.6 14.1 12.3 14.4 11.0 8.7 10.8 13.1 13.9 13.5 15.9 14.2 13.3 3.9 3.1 4.3 3.5 2.4 3.8 2.8 2.6 3.6 3.0 3.2 4.3 4.0 3.2 2.9 3.6 3.7 1.7 3.6 2.2 3.1 3.6 2.5 2.2 3.5 2.9 2.9 2.1 3.9 12.4 14.0 16.8 10.8 11.1 11.9 12.2 13.4 11.4 10.3 12.6 7.4 12.7 11.2 15.0 10.4 13.8 13.4 12.7 11.3 8.9 12.7 13.4 9.7 13.1 14.0 8.9 11.1 12.5 6.1 6.3 6.9 6.2 6.9 8.0 6.8 5.8 5.2 8.0 8.2 4.7 6.7 4.6 4.0 4.9 5.3 5.6 6.0 7.6 5.8 5.2 7.7 6.1 6.2 5.9 6.8 8.5 6.5 7.3 9.4 9.3 11.8 9.5 6.3 10.2 8.7 8.8 9.6 8.0 12.1 8.6 9.3 13.0 10.7 7.5 6.4 10.4 11.6 10.6 12.3 13.5 8.4 9.6 13.1 11.0 17.1 12.7 17.3 15.2 13.4 15.1 18.6 21.4 16.3 18.5 20.2 14.9 18.8 17.9 16.6 19.5 21.0 17.5 19.0 15.4 19.1 15.5 19.2 18.3 14.1 19.3 18.0 18.3 19.4 12.9 13.3 4.6 2.8 8.0 3.7 8.0 8.5 6.9 9.6 9.2 6.0 5.6 11.4 4.5 9.4 2.2 8.7 5.9 8.4 6.2 8.6 8.1 4.4 4.2 11.3 5.3 4.9 4.8 3.9 6.0 5.6 5.0 4.4 4.4 6.9 7.7 6.7 6.0 6.0 7.6 6.2 4.9 6.1 5.8 5.9 6.1 8.6 5.4 5.0 5.6 6.4 9.2 9.3 6.9 4.6 4.3 10.5 6.4 6.8 6.3 5.1 3.5 4.9 3.0 7.3 5.7 5.0 5.7 5.0 4.5 5.9 4.3 5.6 4.8 6.8 5.0 5.8 7.3 5.6 6.7 5.4 7.2 5.7 4.4 3.4 5.6 6.3 5.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 16.2 20.0 16.8 18.4 17.5 14.3 19.8 16.2 14.1 11.4 14.6 18.3 11.3 15.6 14.9 14.7 17.0 17.5 12.4 21.2 15.1 14.2 16.6 12.7 15.9 13.5 14.8 10.4 15.4 14.9 12.1 12.1 9.3 14.7 17.5 26.1 5.7 4.5 2.9 2.8 2.4 3.7 2.6 2.2 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.9 3.3 4.2 3.1 3.2 2.4 7.7 12.1 14.0 12.3 14.7 12.8 12.2 11.4 10.9 10.8 11.4 11.0 13.8 10.0 12.6 11.4 13.4 14.1 9.4 3.6 5.0 6.8 5.3 6.4 5.6 6.0 6.6 4.9 7.5 5.8 7.8 8.4 7.3 6.7 7.1 6.6 4.7 9.6 5.6 10.5 9.5 11.2 11.7 7.7 8.6 11.2 11.4 10.9 10.1 11.6 8.1 11.7 12.5 13.9 4.6 19.4 14.9 16.9 17.8 15.3 18.9 16.7 18.1 19.5 20.2 19.4 15.2 19.8 20.7 18.6 16.2 15.0 14.5 4.8 3.2 5.9 7.6 4.8 6.0 5.6 7.5 9.9 5.9 7.1 2.7 7.6 5.2 7.1 5.4 3.9 6.5 5.5 6.5 5.1 3.9 5.9 5.3 7.6 7.0 4.6 8.1 5.2 5.4 6.7 6.1 8.4 4.2 3.2 2.8 8.3 3.9 6.3 4.3 5.2 4.9 5.2 7.6 5.6 7.2 4.3 6.4 5.4 5.8 5.7 4.4 3.6 3.6 Men Metropolitan areas:2 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cincinnati PMSA ............................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Indianapolis MSA .............................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Pittsburgh MSA ................................. Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Managerial and professional specialty Population group and area Total employed1 Executive, administrative, and managerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and related specialty support Sales Operators, fabricators, and laborers Service Administraoccupative suptions port, including clerical Precision production, craft, and repair Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Men–Continued Metropolitan areas:2–Continued Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 19.0 19.3 3.5 11.5 5.8 8.5 15.7 4.3 4.7 5.9 100.0 100.0 15.5 23.2 9.6 22.4 2.8 3.6 13.6 8.2 6.3 4.4 13.8 11.5 20.1 13.9 4.9 1.6 5.5 5.4 4.5 3.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 9.5 13.5 9.7 16.2 5.8 22.4 12.6 20.2 14.5 7.5 15.5 10.5 11.6 6.2 14.5 14.2 12.2 11.6 14.3 8.4 15.4 7.6 23.8 13.5 9.7 14.7 6.2 13.4 14.9 10.7 17.4 8.3 15.6 17.4 2.6 1.9 4.8 1.6 2.2 4.4 2.5 1.4 1.9 1.7 2.0 1.3 3.9 2.5 2.1 4.0 3.1 8.8 9.3 7.0 12.2 2.9 6.7 13.4 10.0 10.8 6.5 10.7 10.3 9.9 4.0 9.9 11.3 10.5 4.3 6.5 4.8 8.3 6.5 7.7 6.5 7.4 7.2 6.1 8.9 10.1 5.5 9.2 6.7 8.2 6.8 19.4 16.1 12.3 8.8 20.3 16.9 10.6 8.9 13.8 21.1 18.3 18.7 10.8 25.7 14.0 14.7 21.5 16.4 15.0 20.1 19.7 16.7 6.5 14.6 17.4 14.0 19.7 12.8 13.5 21.1 10.4 18.2 15.9 12.8 5.2 8.3 16.3 6.4 17.8 1.5 7.8 9.9 8.7 15.7 4.5 5.9 8.1 11.4 7.2 4.5 4.0 10.8 7.5 8.3 5.4 9.3 5.9 9.1 7.7 4.5 5.1 6.6 6.6 6.5 4.3 8.9 4.3 4.7 10.7 6.8 6.5 4.8 10.2 3.6 6.9 6.9 5.8 9.6 6.8 7.0 6.5 8.7 6.4 4.9 5.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 18.3 12.9 16.1 18.6 11.6 14.4 16.9 16.6 11.3 12.2 15.0 13.8 20.4 13.4 15.0 14.1 12.9 13.9 15.7 16.5 13.9 14.0 15.6 15.7 17.9 14.3 12.9 14.8 14.1 18.3 21.9 17.6 23.6 16.7 16.2 18.1 17.8 16.5 15.8 17.9 18.5 15.7 16.5 16.9 17.0 17.5 18.4 17.4 15.9 15.8 15.1 13.4 19.8 17.5 18.9 13.3 19.9 17.1 3.5 4.5 4.6 4.3 7.4 3.3 2.4 5.3 3.5 3.5 3.1 3.0 4.4 3.8 4.2 4.6 4.0 4.4 3.1 3.0 4.6 4.0 3.5 3.8 3.2 3.8 2.7 3.2 3.1 14.2 13.0 15.1 11.7 13.8 10.3 13.9 12.8 13.3 12.9 12.6 10.3 14.4 13.9 14.6 13.3 15.6 13.2 13.9 12.4 13.4 13.0 14.2 12.3 13.8 13.3 16.2 10.0 13.2 23.9 25.9 26.6 21.6 23.9 25.6 26.5 24.3 25.1 28.7 25.3 21.6 25.2 24.9 25.7 26.9 25.1 25.0 24.3 23.1 26.0 25.3 25.7 26.6 25.6 29.5 28.1 23.9 26.4 14.2 15.0 10.3 13.3 17.8 15.8 13.6 15.2 19.9 16.3 15.8 20.8 13.0 17.3 16.3 15.6 18.0 14.7 16.4 16.1 15.3 15.1 18.5 13.7 15.3 12.7 21.0 20.5 16.6 1.6 1.2 1.6 1.7 2.7 2.7 1.8 1.5 2.6 2.3 2.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 3.0 1.6 1.5 2.4 1.4 1.8 1.8 4.2 2.0 1.7 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.2 2.0 3.5 3.9 5.9 3.0 3.0 9.0 4.2 3.1 4.2 3.9 5.0 7.6 2.2 6.0 1.8 3.8 2.3 4.5 5.1 8.4 4.7 3.8 4.6 2.9 2.1 3.3 1.6 5.0 4.6 1.1 .4 .6 .8 .1 .7 .9 1.2 1.1 .9 .7 1.2 .5 .4 .7 1.0 .9 1.1 .4 .5 1.6 1.0 .3 1.4 .7 1.2 .9 .3 .8 1.3 .8 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 2.2 2.4 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.6 2.3 3.9 1.9 1.5 1.2 .9 1.2 .9 1.2 100.0 100.0 13.4 18.1 17.3 17.1 4.6 5.2 14.5 15.2 24.8 26.7 17.6 11.7 2.5 2.7 2.8 .9 1.9 1.3 .4 1.3 Cities: Baltimore central city ........................ Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Indianapolis central city .................... Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... St. Louis central city ......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ Women Metropolitan areas:2 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cincinnati PMSA ............................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Indianapolis MSA .............................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. See footnotes at end of table. Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Managerial and professional specialty Population group and area Total employed1 Executive, administrative, and managerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and related specialty support Sales Operators, fabricators, and laborers Service Administraoccupative suptions port, including clerical Precision production, craft, and repair Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Women–Continued Metropolitan areas:2–Continued Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Pittsburgh MSA ................................. Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 17.0 20.0 14.7 16.3 12.4 16.7 11.9 11.8 12.3 16.3 11.9 13.8 11.6 13.5 23.4 17.6 21.7 17.3 15.8 20.4 14.9 19.7 15.6 18.9 16.7 16.4 18.8 19.7 17.5 15.6 17.3 20.6 20.7 22.5 4.4 4.7 3.9 3.6 3.6 4.4 4.1 3.5 3.9 5.0 4.5 2.9 2.5 4.4 1.8 2.7 4.0 12.4 13.0 13.6 13.8 13.9 14.3 12.4 14.5 11.8 13.4 15.6 13.7 12.5 14.6 12.9 12.1 11.2 27.1 20.5 27.0 27.4 23.0 23.6 23.9 28.5 20.5 26.9 22.5 29.9 26.6 22.9 19.6 19.0 21.8 13.7 16.0 14.3 15.2 19.8 16.2 15.3 16.2 18.8 13.7 17.2 12.8 21.4 18.5 14.3 12.0 12.9 1.6 3.2 1.3 2.2 2.3 1.6 2.3 2.9 4.0 1.1 2.4 2.4 1.3 2.7 .9 5.0 1.4 3.0 5.4 2.3 4.2 2.9 4.7 9.0 3.3 6.5 3.2 2.8 4.7 4.1 3.3 3.7 8.3 2.3 .9 .2 .8 .8 .5 .2 .6 1.1 2.4 1.0 .8 .7 1.1 .2 .2 .9 .7 1.5 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 2.8 .3 1.7 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.2 1.2 100.0 100.0 14.0 20.1 12.6 22.9 3.7 3.2 16.1 11.1 27.2 24.0 17.6 14.4 1.5 1.0 3.4 1.0 1.4 .5 1.7 1.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12.6 17.8 6.9 14.5 6.9 21.8 14.0 11.7 15.4 12.6 13.9 13.5 14.5 6.6 11.1 13.2 22.9 12.9 17.2 11.1 18.8 9.1 25.3 16.1 16.7 16.3 21.1 19.2 20.2 13.2 29.9 15.3 18.9 16.8 5.7 2.9 1.4 3.8 3.2 3.7 4.0 4.4 2.8 1.6 3.0 3.7 3.2 6.1 3.0 3.1 .7 10.7 11.8 12.2 13.2 12.6 7.5 13.0 11.0 11.3 11.6 9.4 11.4 12.6 16.2 13.3 13.0 13.6 27.0 24.1 27.5 24.3 25.2 22.3 22.3 25.9 20.4 22.8 24.3 26.7 28.8 23.2 26.9 23.9 17.3 23.5 17.3 24.3 15.0 27.3 16.9 23.4 18.2 20.6 22.1 22.0 18.9 16.1 11.5 20.0 18.2 17.4 2.6 1.3 2.6 2.0 2.3 .8 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.2 1.3 .9 2.9 .1 1.7 4.0 1.1 3.5 4.8 9.7 5.2 11.7 1.0 1.9 5.8 9.2 3.2 5.6 2.8 6.1 3.8 4.1 3.8 5.9 .6 .7 .6 .5 .5 .3 1.2 1.5 .3 2.3 .3 .6 1.0 3 ( ) .7 ( 3) .4 .4 1.9 3.8 1.0 1.2 .2 1.9 2.5 1.5 1.6 1.0 .5 1.2 1.8 2.2 1.4 2.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 22.0 19.1 16.9 19.2 15.3 17.4 18.3 16.8 14.4 16.2 18.0 16.1 19.1 15.1 20.3 14.7 18.2 21.4 15.8 21.6 15.4 13.8 16.3 15.5 14.1 14.9 15.8 16.8 17.8 16.6 14.0 17.1 4.1 3.8 4.3 3.8 5.0 3.8 2.5 3.5 3.6 3.3 3.1 3.9 4.2 3.4 3.7 4.1 15.0 14.6 16.6 11.9 13.3 12.6 13.4 13.4 12.8 11.4 12.6 9.3 13.6 13.4 15.6 11.8 13.3 14.2 15.6 13.5 15.0 16.1 15.0 14.7 14.3 17.2 15.2 13.0 15.2 13.5 15.1 14.6 8.2 9.1 9.6 11.4 12.8 8.4 10.5 10.4 13.2 11.8 10.7 13.5 10.0 11.1 9.8 11.8 10.9 9.3 8.8 9.0 10.7 13.6 10.4 10.8 12.1 9.8 11.9 10.4 9.6 12.3 13.4 10.1 2.7 2.6 6.5 2.8 5.0 6.0 5.7 6.5 6.2 4.6 5.0 9.1 3.4 6.8 1.7 6.4 2.5 2.1 2.6 2.7 3.6 3.3 3.6 3.8 3.6 4.7 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.2 2.6 4.0 2.0 2.6 2.7 3.2 1.8 2.9 3.5 3.5 4.1 3.9 2.9 3.8 2.8 3.8 2.4 3.9 Cities: Baltimore central city ........................ Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Indianapolis central city .................... Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... St. Louis central city ......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ White Metropolitan areas:2 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cincinnati PMSA ............................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Managerial and professional specialty Population group and area Total employed1 Executive, administrative, and managerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and related specialty support Sales Operators, fabricators, and laborers Service Administraoccupative suptions port, including clerical Precision production, craft, and repair Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers White–Continued Metropolitan areas:2–Continued Houston PMSA ................................. Indianapolis MSA .............................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Pittsburgh MSA ................................. Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 14.9 18.9 16.8 14.9 18.2 21.1 16.9 16.1 19.4 16.7 14.6 18.2 18.4 16.4 17.2 15.2 14.3 13.9 15.0 13.0 16.8 15.4 15.6 18.1 18.6 15.0 3.8 2.8 3.1 2.3 4.2 4.6 2.9 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.3 3.2 14.3 12.9 14.0 11.1 11.3 13.1 14.2 11.4 13.4 14.0 13.5 11.5 14.3 13.4 15.0 14.5 13.2 14.7 11.8 14.9 16.1 15.1 16.5 17.2 14.3 16.3 10.5 9.6 12.0 14.0 11.7 10.7 13.9 8.4 12.0 12.8 11.5 15.5 11.2 12.9 9.3 10.9 10.6 11.3 14.6 8.8 11.7 11.3 10.9 11.8 7.7 9.1 4.1 5.6 5.6 9.8 5.4 1.8 4.5 7.2 3.3 4.2 1.9 3.9 4.5 4.8 3.5 2.6 3.7 3.9 3.3 5.1 4.4 2.8 3.0 4.6 3.3 3.6 3.0 4.4 4.5 4.1 4.4 2.5 4.2 3.6 3.0 2.2 2.3 3.8 3.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 17.0 21.0 17.3 19.7 17.6 15.8 16.8 16.5 13.5 11.6 14.4 18.2 12.2 15.0 13.8 15.4 21.9 18.5 20.7 15.4 19.3 15.8 14.3 19.5 14.0 17.3 14.7 16.8 12.4 16.9 16.9 15.8 15.1 12.2 17.4 21.5 22.0 21.3 5.7 4.8 3.2 2.8 3.2 3.8 3.0 3.4 3.3 2.9 2.9 4.0 4.0 3.5 2.7 3.6 2.1 4.6 3.4 15.7 14.8 13.9 14.7 13.3 13.1 12.9 12.1 11.9 12.5 11.8 13.7 13.6 13.4 12.0 14.3 13.3 11.3 11.6 15.0 12.5 16.5 12.1 15.7 15.0 13.8 14.3 14.1 15.8 12.4 15.9 13.9 17.8 16.8 13.0 11.4 13.3 13.3 10.0 7.8 11.0 12.5 10.3 12.9 13.1 11.6 12.7 13.5 12.6 11.5 12.0 10.0 14.3 14.4 12.7 8.1 9.3 10.8 9.6 10.2 11.2 9.5 11.3 10.1 11.1 11.4 13.4 12.9 8.6 13.1 12.2 11.0 9.3 8.4 9.1 9.8 1.6 1.9 4.2 6.0 3.6 4.5 4.3 5.4 8.7 5.2 6.7 2.6 5.3 4.4 6.1 4.1 2.9 5.8 3.0 2.9 4.8 3.4 2.6 3.2 3.4 4.2 4.1 2.8 5.2 3.1 3.3 4.1 3.5 4.8 2.9 1.2 2.6 3.0 4.6 2.7 3.1 3.3 2.9 3.2 3.6 5.0 3.5 4.9 3.5 3.8 3.4 3.7 3.9 2.6 2.5 2.9 3.5 100.0 100.0 15.8 23.4 11.1 25.3 3.1 3.1 14.9 9.5 16.5 11.5 14.8 12.3 10.8 8.2 3.8 1.1 3.6 2.0 3.4 2.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 16.8 18.4 10.1 18.0 6.0 29.7 15.3 18.3 14.2 8.7 17.5 14.5 14.0 7.7 13.6 15.3 19.7 15.4 16.5 9.7 17.9 7.9 36.4 15.8 14.5 15.2 16.9 18.0 21.6 12.5 25.6 11.4 20.3 20.7 4.9 2.5 4.3 3.1 1.3 5.1 3.5 2.4 1.8 2.3 2.1 2.3 3.7 7.5 2.6 3.2 2.8 16.2 10.9 9.8 12.1 8.0 7.1 12.4 9.2 10.2 9.7 10.9 11.4 11.3 11.0 11.4 12.7 10.9 8.1 12.2 17.8 12.4 14.5 9.2 12.7 17.0 11.2 17.4 14.5 16.2 14.8 14.6 17.6 13.6 10.2 15.2 13.1 14.6 10.0 23.1 9.6 13.4 12.4 17.0 16.5 16.9 13.3 13.4 9.9 13.9 15.2 18.8 13.7 10.3 11.7 12.9 7.2 1.1 11.0 9.5 9.7 10.8 7.5 9.5 12.7 9.6 11.0 8.9 5.8 .9 7.6 11.1 5.6 14.0 .4 5.4 5.6 10.5 8.9 4.7 4.9 5.9 8.3 6.2 3.3 2.8 2.6 3.7 4.9 2.3 5.8 .5 4.9 5.1 2.7 4.0 3.4 2.3 4.2 1.0 4.7 3.2 1.7 4.9 4.1 5.4 3.7 10.8 .6 3.8 5.8 4.2 4.8 4.2 3.0 4.0 3.9 4.8 2.7 4.2 Cities: Baltimore central city ........................ Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Indianapolis central city .................... Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... St. Louis central city ......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ See footnotes at end of table. Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Managerial and professional specialty Population group and area Total employed1 Executive, administrative, and managerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and related specialty support Sales Operators, fabricators, and laborers Service Administraoccupative suptions port, including clerical Precision production, craft, and repair Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Black Metropolitan areas:2 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cincinnati PMSA ............................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Indianapolis MSA .............................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Pittsburgh MSA ................................. Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 14.5 8.0 7.5 14.2 3.4 7.3 10.8 14.1 7.8 9.1 8.6 4.7 7.3 9.1 3.6 8.6 8.3 14.4 11.0 16.6 4.4 11.6 5.0 11.8 15.7 13.9 9.1 8.7 9.3 10.7 13.1 15.1 16.7 11.0 5.0 12.4 8.5 10.5 11.0 12.6 8.9 6.5 9.2 11.1 9.7 11.0 8.4 12.0 16.9 6.9 8.3 6.4 7.0 17.4 11.8 6.0 12.5 14.0 3.0 3.3 7.6 5.3 3.7 2.6 2.3 6.2 2.4 2.1 4.0 2.3 4.3 3.4 3.0 4.7 3.8 4.4 5.5 2.5 1.1 3.1 3.5 ( 3) ( 3) 2.7 2.3 2.5 4.0 8.8 8.5 8.4 5.4 4.1 7.4 9.9 12.8 8.7 14.6 9.0 3.9 11.2 8.5 10.6 12.8 13.0 15.7 8.9 8.4 10.3 12.1 11.6 8.2 14.7 9.0 10.9 7.8 8.2 18.1 23.1 23.4 15.2 18.0 17.0 21.4 14.3 18.2 25.0 23.8 7.8 21.3 17.4 11.3 24.0 17.2 15.7 22.4 22.2 21.1 19.0 19.7 9.1 18.4 22.3 17.6 20.5 15.4 15.7 22.0 18.6 25.1 24.5 17.6 18.5 22.8 20.6 18.5 16.8 33.9 19.3 22.6 30.5 21.7 18.8 15.1 22.9 16.0 21.2 16.6 24.8 34.5 21.2 18.9 25.2 27.9 24.9 8.0 5.6 2.8 6.3 13.8 8.8 7.1 8.2 11.3 5.0 8.8 12.3 8.1 8.3 10.8 7.1 6.8 9.4 5.5 7.0 8.4 7.5 8.7 7.9 2.2 13.1 7.9 7.5 5.5 6.8 5.5 8.7 6.2 12.1 16.5 5.4 6.8 11.1 7.4 5.9 15.6 4.6 12.8 3.6 4.7 4.8 11.9 5.7 1.0 14.6 6.6 4.1 10.2 4.6 4.1 6.3 3.7 7.8 5.9 5.4 6.7 2.8 4.2 8.1 6.6 3.6 4.8 2.8 6.3 3.1 8.5 4.1 6.5 1.0 8.9 2.9 2.9 3.7 6.0 7.2 6.1 2.6 3.6 1.3 8.7 4.2 5.6 8.0 4.4 1.2 2.7 4.8 9.8 5.5 2.7 3.9 3.9 3.7 5.6 8.4 4.0 6.3 4.3 6.5 1.1 2.8 4.7 6.0 7.1 8.3 6.9 2.0 3.0 5.9 4.3 4.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 9.6 14.5 14.7 25.0 9.6 15.9 9.5 20.2 5.9 14.5 2.7 12.0 7.5 51.6 7.5 2.0 11.8 40.0 18.3 13.8 12.5 15.0 6.1 10.9 5.8 11.1 4.8 13.1 15.6 8.3 8.8 14.9 1.7 11.0 5.5 14.2 18.7 8.8 3.4 4.7 7.7 4.2 2.7 .6 5.8 1.3 2.7 1.7 4.8 3.5 2.4 5.6 5.1 4.5 ( 3) .1 7.4 8.3 16.2 4.6 11.6 10.2 13.8 8.8 17.6 6.2 10.7 9.0 5.2 8.9 4.1 9.7 12.2 18.8 10.8 7.6 13.6 22.7 17.7 14.6 21.2 22.0 19.7 8.9 12.8 23.6 15.6 15.8 22.2 7.9 10.6 36.6 25.6 .2 8.1 18.9 13.8 14.1 15.5 26.6 19.5 22.0 24.8 20.0 16.9 32.3 24.3 25.9 12.1 41.9 18.0 10.8 17.0 19.6 11.0 7.9 7.7 15.6 3.9 6.5 8.3 1.9 10.1 8.0 6.7 13.0 4.1 ( 3) 3.9 9.4 8.1 9.1 8.8 9.7 1.2 6.4 5.6 3.7 6.5 6.0 7.3 21.3 .8 6.2 3 ( ) 4.1 2.2 1.0 1.1 ( 3) ( 3) 5.5 6.3 5.4 .8 ( 3) 5.4 4.6 6.0 10.6 1.3 5.2 9.8 12.6 3.3 14.9 5.6 .2 5.9 .1 8.6 4.0 .7 11.4 1.8 5.3 4.7 2.9 2.4 6.6 2.5 4.4 3.3 5.2 .0 3.6 10.1 3.4 4.4 5.6 100.0 100.0 4.9 17.1 7.0 12.1 4.0 4.0 14.8 9.2 16.6 20.2 23.7 16.1 15.5 7.2 6.0 2.1 3.2 6.5 1.5 4.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7.6 9.2 5.9 9.7 6.4 16.5 8.5 9.9 12.4 4.8 12.4 8.3 15.5 9.6 3.9 1.8 1.3 1.5 2.8 3.2 1.7 5.8 9.3 9.8 9.8 8.6 7.2 12.0 20.6 20.9 13.7 26.4 17.5 19.3 16.1 25.1 24.3 26.9 16.7 24.8 22.5 24.1 7.1 5.4 10.7 8.7 9.0 5.6 5.7 6.4 4.8 16.0 5.4 14.1 1.9 3.8 7.5 5.9 4.4 6.4 4.2 5.0 9.3 6.0 5.9 4.8 2.0 4.1 2.9 7.7 Cities: Baltimore central city ........................ Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Managerial and professional specialty Population group and area Total employed1 Executive, administrative, and managerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and related specialty support Sales Operators, fabricators, and laborers Service Administraoccupative suptions port, including clerical Precision production, craft, and repair Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Black–Continued Cities:–Continued Indianapolis central city .................... Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... St. Louis central city ......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 9.2 17.3 12.1 8.6 9.5 4.7 5.4 6.1 3.0 14.5 9.1 17.0 5.7 12.6 12.3 6.5 20.5 10.3 .5 13.9 4.8 2.0 ( 3) 2.4 3.0 .9 .9 3.0 3.2 ( 3) 15.2 7.2 8.4 7.8 10.1 11.1 8.8 10.3 15.4 13.4 17.0 23.2 9.3 20.3 21.6 29.3 17.5 5.2 36.5 24.5 16.3 15.3 34.4 27.7 26.3 16.9 29.8 51.6 22.1 12.8 10.2 7.2 8.1 7.7 3.6 9.3 1.4 4.8 8.6 7.7 12.8 1.5 10.4 3.5 3.1 9.2 4.3 1.3 ( 3) ( 3) 3.1 3.4 2.7 4.4 5.2 6.6 4.0 6.9 .3 7.6 1.2 4.4 7.1 4.3 4.7 5.6 7.6 .4 10.3 3.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 13.3 14.0 8.7 4.7 ( 3) 6.6 7.4 31.3 7.8 12.8 12.9 13.2 5.7 6.6 9.2 6.6 13.3 8.8 14.9 7.4 7.7 9.2 10.2 7.4 8.6 17.3 26.1 6.7 9.0 3.8 5.5 9.1 8.3 6.3 8.6 7.1 14.3 13.7 7.8 1.3 4.5 19.2 .1 8.9 10.6 8.3 7.8 12.3 7.4 3.5 3.7 13.3 2.5 1.6 ( 3) 1.7 6.0 ( 3) 1.9 1.9 2.2 5.0 4.1 .8 6.6 1.7 ( 3) ( 3) 2.6 5.0 1.2 3.2 .0 1.3 2.0 10.0 9.7 15.6 4.9 5.3 7.6 6.5 1.2 7.3 11.7 10.6 19.1 12.6 8.8 8.1 9.3 ( 3) ( 3) 14.0 .6 3.6 7.2 13.3 7.7 14.9 10.7 7.1 12.2 8.8 2.5 11.1 13.7 12.0 9.9 18.3 9.0 17.0 17.8 12.6 15.1 12.5 11.1 ( 3) 15.7 13.9 4.8 11.4 9.1 15.6 18.1 12.9 5.6 16.8 38.2 9.6 17.7 10.4 15.1 21.4 17.9 18.2 10.1 20.2 18.5 22.3 19.8 13.6 42.2 15.1 12.0 42.0 18.4 22.4 27.4 14.0 16.9 6.7 7.4 11.9 33.2 15.6 19.4 15.1 20.9 13.0 9.0 8.3 3.6 20.4 12.4 12.9 40.4 11.2 10.0 5.4 10.3 17.1 14.2 9.7 10.0 1.7 6.6 22.7 12.7 26.5 19.2 18.5 12.3 11.4 5.7 14.1 4.5 14.5 8.5 17.6 17.3 ( 3) 3.2 5.4 32.8 11.4 17.6 2.3 9.8 16.3 2.6 ( 3) 3.6 3.1 ( 3) 4.1 1.6 .7 5.0 3.7 4.4 4.1 2.4 5.8 1.2 5.4 ( 3) 15.0 6.4 ( 3) 1.0 4.7 8.3 5.3 6.7 9.1 4.9 3.1 4.6 5.4 8.8 4.8 3.9 5.7 5.0 9.1 4.0 5.4 6.3 5.8 6.5 2.4 19.6 5.3 8.9 9.5 3.0 .1 7.1 5.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 24.6 15.8 20.8 8.9 6.9 4.1 4.8 6.1 7.7 3.1 16.1 41.9 4.0 8.1 8.9 9.3 10.7 8.9 7.1 7.1 3.9 3.7 6.6 7.5 2.0 1.2 7.3 11.8 8.0 ( 3) 4.0 5.0 8.9 7.6 5.7 12.2 9.1 1.1 2.0 1.5 1.2 2.7 1.3 1.3 1.0 ( 3) 3.3 ( 3) 3.3 1.9 3.2 1.8 3.5 ( 3) 8.5 13.9 8.3 10.8 17.5 8.4 6.3 2.1 9.3 10.6 5.0 ( 3) 4.0 8.5 11.3 9.1 6.1 9.7 18.0 10.9 7.5 9.1 10.6 11.0 9.8 5.8 12.6 27.9 15.1 33.9 11.0 17.3 11.4 14.1 10.9 9.0 ( 3) 18.2 23.0 20.9 20.4 19.0 28.1 19.0 15.7 8.3 16.3 6.4 15.1 19.8 18.8 29.9 18.7 27.1 9.2 10.4 13.5 16.0 10.2 16.8 11.6 12.5 15.6 3.2 12.8 13.2 27.0 13.4 14.1 12.3 8.6 11.9 ( 3) 3.1 7.5 16.8 9.2 11.2 17.5 39.2 10.3 8.2 9.6 4.1 18.2 9.9 9.9 5.9 18.8 6.5 ( 3) 9.4 3.5 3.6 3.8 4.0 1.1 2.1 7.5 10.7 3.5 ( 3) 2.1 6.8 3.1 1.2 2.9 .2 23.6 6.2 4.9 6.3 10.0 5.0 11.0 9.0 6.4 .2 5.4 .4 9.1 6.6 3.3 4.4 9.0 11.9 100.0 6.1 3.9 .5 11.2 14.8 23.8 13.2 9.6 2.9 5.7 Hispanic origin Metropolitan areas:2 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ See footnotes at end of table. Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Managerial and professional specialty Population group and area Total employed1 Executive, administrative, and managerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and related specialty support Sales Operators, fabricators, and laborers Service Administraoccupative suptions port, including clerical Precision production, craft, and repair Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors Transportation and material moving Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Hispanic origin–Continued Metropolitan areas:2–Continued Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 10.6 10.5 3.2 6.8 4.8 38.0 14.2 3.0 2.8 4.6 Cities: Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.3 9.5 6.0 13.7 13.3 7.3 5.9 3.6 7.4 5.0 2.4 7.9 8.2 12.2 5.1 6.6 6.5 6.7 15.6 6.3 3.9 11.4 7.7 3.7 5.8 3.8 9.4 9.5 2.2 9.7 2.2 .1 1.9 .7 1.1 2.8 1.3 ( 3) 1.2 1.8 2.7 3.5 7.1 6.2 7.1 .1 1.7 9.1 8.9 ( 3) 8.1 18.6 7.0 8.4 10.4 8.9 12.1 11.2 12.3 5.4 12.5 12.2 9.9 13.2 16.1 13.9 11.4 19.5 12.3 9.4 18.0 10.2 18.1 15.4 44.2 20.4 25.0 13.6 27.2 9.9 19.4 18.2 18.4 29.1 15.2 10.0 23.6 6.4 4.8 16.1 12.5 6.7 9.5 7.3 18.2 13.7 18.9 11.5 19.4 28.1 10.9 20.2 2.7 9.8 17.5 37.6 10.1 18.8 14.2 9.3 8.2 4.2 4.5 2.6 3.7 9.2 .8 6.8 3.8 ( 3) 4.9 3.2 4.6 6.2 4.3 2.2 8.2 6.1 7.4 17.5 2.5 7.6 6.9 11.2 7.2 16.2 6.1 7.6 3.1 7.4 1 Includes farming, forestry, and fishing not shown separately. 2 All are Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA’s) except St Louis and those labeled Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (CMSA’s) or Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSA’s). The differences are discussed in appendix C, "Geographic Boundary Definitions". 3 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed. NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Detail may not add to totals because of rounding. Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Unemployment rates by occupation, 1997 annual averages Managerial and professional specialty Area Total1 Executive, administrative, and managerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and related specialty support Sales Service Precision Administrat- occupa- production, craft, ive support, tions and repair including clerical Metropolitan areas:2 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cincinnati PMSA ............................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Indianapolis MSA .............................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Pittsburgh MSA ................................. Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 3.4 5.4 3.4 3.3 5.1 3.2 4.4 3.2 3.9 3.3 3.7 5.1 3.0 3.9 4.4 3.7 5.3 2.9 3.4 5.9 3.8 4.4 6.0 4.5 2.9 2.7 4.5 7.7 5.6 1.5 3.1 .7 2.3 .4 1.2 1.8 1.2 2.8 2.4 1.4 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2 3.7 2.4 1.1 .9 2.8 1.4 1.0 2.5 1.2 .3 1.6 2.6 4.5 2.2 1.4 2.4 2.6 1.8 3.7 1.8 2.1 1.0 .9 2.3 2.3 4.3 1.8 1.1 2.1 .6 2.3 .7 3.2 4.3 .8 2.4 1.7 3.9 .9 .9 1.5 3.8 2.4 ( 3) 5.5 ( 3) 3.9 ( 3) ( 3) 4.4 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 1.9 ( 3) ( 3) 4.5 ( 3) ( 3) 1.5 ( 3) ( 3) 2.5 ( 3) ( 3) 4.8 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 2.3 2.3 4.4 4.4 4.0 4.5 6.8 4.9 4.6 4.2 4.9 3.5 6.0 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.9 2.0 5.4 3.1 3.6 6.3 5.3 4.8 6.3 2.0 2.8 1.7 4.1 10.0 5.3 3.2 5.3 4.0 3.4 3.2 .8 3.5 2.3 2.1 3.3 3.9 3.1 3.7 3.3 6.3 5.5 4.4 .5 1.0 5.7 4.6 2.5 6.1 5.8 2.4 3.0 2.4 7.8 6.8 6.9 11.4 5.7 3.2 6.8 7.0 7.1 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.1 6.4 4.0 5.9 6.0 6.0 8.7 ( 3) 6.4 7.5 3.9 10.3 8.7 6.4 5.9 3.5 8.6 9.7 7.6 2.6 5.3 1.9 5.6 4.7 2.2 4.6 3.0 3.5 1.1 3.2 6.7 2.6 2.7 4.2 ( 3) 7.0 ( 3) 2.8 7.5 5.9 3.4 8.0 1.8 3.6 2.8 4.7 8.4 7.1 5.3 4.0 3.8 3.9 4.8 3.8 4.8 3.9 4.8 7.2 4.4 5.3 4.6 3.0 4.5 5.1 4.2 3.5 3.9 1.4 2.0 1.5 2.2 2.0 1.7 2.0 2.6 2.8 2.2 5.9 3.3 2.3 1.0 1.0 2.1 2.4 1.1 1.1 2.0 1.9 .7 .8 2.0 1.5 3.0 3.1 .5 3.0 .4 2.4 2.2 2.2 1.3 3.0 1.9 1.2 1.0 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 2.1 2.2 ( 3) ( 3) 2.6 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 5.2 4.2 3.6 4.2 3.7 7.3 5.8 3.1 3.1 10.4 3.3 4.8 4.2 2.6 5.0 3.4 3.3 3.7 7.9 3.3 4.0 3.9 3.0 5.5 5.3 3.1 2.2 4.9 5.6 3.5 5.5 3.9 2.1 4.3 5.9 4.7 1.5 3.5 8.5 6.2 8.3 7.4 8.6 4.0 6.7 4.9 7.1 10.3 5.7 5.5 5.4 5.7 7.8 7.6 6.2 8.1 7.2 7.0 2.9 4.4 3.7 5.2 3.5 4.8 5.4 4.4 9.3 5.9 6.9 6.4 3.7 6.8 7.0 7.3 6.9 2.5 5.0 4.1 2.9 1.5 3.6 2.2 3.5 2.6 5.0 8.0 2.5 4.8 6.1 4.9 5.2 3.6 12.5 7.4 6.9 4.0 7.8 7.4 6.8 4.4 3.6 2.9 ( 3) .8 9.7 3.2 2.5 ( 3) 7.7 2.8 ( 3) 2.6 .7 3.1 2.8 ( 3) ( 3) 3.7 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 1.2 1.5 ( 3) 13.5 8.7 ( 3) 8.4 12.5 12.9 7.4 ( 3) 11.7 6.6 5.4 3.5 3.9 8.8 6.5 ( 3) 20.0 9.4 9.9 6.5 9.5 13.4 9.1 ( 3) 10.2 7.3 ( 3) 4.6 .6 10.8 9.8 ( 3) Cities: Baltimore central city ........................ Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Indianapolis central city .................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Unemployment rates by occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Operators, fabricators, and laborers Area Handlers, Machine Transport- equipment operators, ation and cleaners, assemblehelpers, material rs, and moving and inspectors laborers Metropolitan areas:2 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cincinnati PMSA ............................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Indianapolis MSA .............................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Pittsburgh MSA ................................. Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 3.9 ( 3) ( 3) 2.9 ( 3) 6.5 6.2 ( 3) 8.3 ( 3) 4.7 5.7 ( 3) 6.6 ( 3) ( 3) 7.9 ( 3) ( 3) 7.2 ( 3) ( 3) 6.1 8.5 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 12.6 6.4 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 4.4 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 2.1 ( 3) ( 3) 4.9 ( 3) ( 3) 3.7 ( 3) ( 3) 5.5 ( 3) ( 3) 7.4 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 5.8 8.0 10.7 8.4 ( 3) ( 3) 5.4 ( 3) ( 3) 12.6 ( 3) 8.8 ( 3) 10.1 ( 3) ( 3) 10.7 ( 3) ( 3) 17.7 ( 3) ( 3) 11.3 ( 3) ( 3) 12.0 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 14.5 12.5 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 3.3 5.7 4.9 5.4 4.0 7.6 11.6 2.2 ( 3) 5.7 4.9 ( 3) 3.2 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 9.4 2.0 3.9 ( 3) 12.4 5.8 ( 3) ( 3) 6.6 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 12.9 4.7 13.3 11.2 12.7 10.5 ( 3) ( 3) 15.0 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 8.8 ( 3) 6.6 4.8 12.9 11.8 ( 3) 12.4 9.4 ( 3) 6.1 ( 3) 11.0 ( 3) ( 3) 6.1 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 5.8 5.5 ( 3) ( 3) 18.4 ( 3) ( 3) 20.4 23.0 15.7 ( 3) Cities: Baltimore central city ........................ Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Indianapolis central city .................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Unemployment rates by occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Managerial and professional specialty Area Total1 Executive, administrative, and managerial Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians Professional and related specialty support Sales Service Precision Administrat- occupa- production, craft, tions and repair ive support, including clerical Cities:–Continued Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... St. Louis central city ......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ See footnotes at end of table. 6.8 8.1 8.3 7.8 4.6 5.7 4.5 5.0 4.5 2.3 2.8 4.9 2.1 2.0 ( 3) 1.6 3.0 2.8 5.4 5.9 4.1 2.9 1.6 5.8 1.5 3.5 2.3 2.4 ( 3) 2.5 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 6.5 2.5 10.8 8.4 10.8 ( 3) 4.4 4.9 ( 3) 7.5 10.8 8.3 7.2 5.8 ( 3) 5.0 4.4 ( 3) 7.2 7.7 10.1 10.9 4.3 ( 3) 7.2 8.0 3.4 9.8 4.9 9.2 5.9 3.8 ( 3) ( 3) 2.3 ( 3) Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Unemployment rates by occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued Operators, fabricators, and laborers Area Handlers, Machine Transport- equipment operators, ation and cleaners, assemblehelpers, material rs, and moving and inspectors laborers Cities:–Continued Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... St. Louis central city ......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ 1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience. Includes farming, forestry, and fishing, not shown separately. 2 All are Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA’s) except St Louis and those labeled Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (CMSA’s) or Primary Metropolitan Statistical 8.4 16.8 13.3 8.8 6.5 ( 3) ( 3) 2.7 ( 3) 7.0 ( 3) 8.9 13.8 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 15.4 ( 3) 14.0 25.7 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) Areas (PMSA’s). The differences are discussed in appendix C, "Geographic Boundary Definitions". 3 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and area Total employed1 Total2 Construction Total Durable goods Transportation, communiNoncations, durable and pubgoods lic utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and Services3 real estate Government TOTAL Metropolitan areas:4 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cincinnati PMSA ............................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Indianapolis MSA .............................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Pittsburgh MSA ................................. Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 80.5 71.2 84.0 83.4 77.4 84.4 83.3 84.4 82.7 77.7 82.3 79.4 78.4 85.4 83.5 82.8 81.7 85.3 80.3 77.8 84.8 82.4 82.8 85.2 82.1 78.5 75.7 78.0 80.8 5.1 5.3 2.3 4.0 3.6 5.2 5.3 4.8 4.4 4.5 5.9 5.3 5.8 4.4 7.4 4.2 8.0 4.1 5.0 3.6 6.5 3.5 5.5 3.5 4.5 5.0 5.5 4.0 3.3 13.2 9.0 19.7 12.7 15.9 21.0 16.9 20.6 20.6 12.6 16.5 21.8 11.4 23.0 7.2 18.6 13.4 16.3 13.3 18.8 17.9 10.1 9.2 22.5 17.5 12.0 7.2 10.3 15.7 7.1 5.4 7.3 8.7 10.5 8.0 9.3 11.2 14.0 7.9 11.2 16.1 7.1 20.2 5.5 14.2 6.5 10.0 6.5 10.2 9.7 4.3 4.6 15.6 10.6 7.0 3.5 2.7 6.9 6.0 3.6 12.3 4.0 5.4 13.0 7.6 9.3 6.6 4.7 5.2 5.6 4.3 2.8 1.7 4.5 7.0 6.4 6.7 8.6 8.2 5.8 4.6 6.9 6.9 4.9 3.8 7.6 8.9 10.7 4.8 5.9 5.7 5.4 7.7 7.6 6.0 4.3 5.5 7.5 4.2 7.0 4.8 7.7 4.5 7.6 5.8 8.5 5.3 7.4 11.6 10.4 4.2 5.5 8.0 7.1 5.5 7.8 19.8 19.3 21.9 17.4 21.1 18.9 18.3 19.6 20.1 21.5 19.2 19.9 18.6 20.2 22.9 17.3 20.8 22.6 20.2 18.6 21.1 24.9 22.1 17.5 21.3 19.7 21.1 16.7 19.2 6.3 6.9 8.7 8.6 5.7 8.1 8.1 5.6 6.2 8.7 6.8 3.3 6.8 5.9 7.0 10.1 5.5 8.1 7.3 5.6 7.1 7.0 8.4 7.7 8.8 7.8 4.7 10.6 8.1 25.3 25.8 25.5 35.0 25.8 23.3 27.0 27.8 26.8 24.9 25.8 24.9 28.2 27.0 31.4 28.0 23.9 28.2 25.9 25.9 24.5 25.3 27.0 29.7 24.5 25.9 28.1 30.9 26.5 13.6 22.6 10.5 10.3 17.3 9.7 11.2 11.5 11.8 15.1 10.4 14.3 13.4 10.9 11.2 11.5 11.5 9.9 14.9 11.9 10.6 13.1 10.8 10.3 11.9 16.9 15.2 15.9 13.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 75.5 72.3 72.5 80.0 80.9 81.1 80.4 81.2 83.3 76.1 81.7 65.7 83.6 75.9 75.4 75.8 78.9 83.4 79.8 6.6 4.7 4.6 4.2 4.1 7.1 3.3 6.9 3.7 6.7 3.3 4.2 5.7 6.4 4.8 3.9 4.8 3.1 5.6 10.0 11.9 10.6 23.1 14.0 14.0 12.2 17.4 22.5 14.7 24.8 7.5 13.7 13.3 8.4 13.8 12.2 30.3 17.3 6.5 7.4 7.0 16.3 6.6 10.3 8.8 11.4 13.4 10.3 18.6 4.6 8.6 9.6 6.0 10.2 5.1 26.6 14.5 3.5 4.5 3.6 6.9 7.4 3.7 3.3 6.0 9.1 4.5 6.2 2.9 5.2 3.6 2.4 3.6 7.1 3.6 2.8 4.9 6.3 5.6 3.2 4.7 5.9 7.1 6.0 4.0 7.2 3.9 5.8 6.1 5.5 6.0 4.9 6.2 4.9 5.0 19.1 18.5 18.0 17.6 18.4 22.1 21.3 19.3 18.6 19.1 20.7 18.5 22.0 20.8 20.6 19.8 19.6 14.6 19.3 5.4 7.2 4.9 6.9 8.0 7.5 6.4 6.5 6.5 5.7 5.5 5.6 5.9 7.6 6.6 5.8 6.8 4.6 6.5 29.5 23.5 27.7 24.7 31.8 24.3 29.7 25.0 28.0 22.6 23.5 24.1 29.9 21.8 28.3 27.6 29.2 25.7 26.1 19.7 15.5 20.0 9.5 12.7 11.6 11.0 10.0 12.1 15.4 13.8 23.3 10.6 17.8 18.3 14.5 9.1 8.8 11.1 100.0 100.0 81.8 70.6 6.3 5.7 9.1 4.8 5.0 2.4 4.2 2.4 5.6 6.2 23.9 15.0 9.0 6.2 27.7 32.7 11.9 22.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 73.5 80.0 79.6 83.5 78.6 63.8 83.2 85.3 79.5 4.9 5.1 3.6 6.4 2.9 1.8 6.0 3.2 4.2 10.1 13.3 24.2 15.3 21.5 2.1 10.8 14.3 16.5 4.2 6.9 18.4 10.3 19.5 .4 5.8 7.9 8.4 5.9 6.4 5.8 5.0 2.0 1.7 5.0 6.4 8.1 4.3 5.9 2.4 6.3 5.8 5.7 7.8 6.7 4.4 16.2 16.4 17.8 17.0 17.6 11.4 23.3 24.2 19.1 5.8 8.6 6.0 9.8 3.8 5.3 5.0 7.8 5.4 32.2 30.7 25.6 28.3 27.0 37.3 28.7 29.0 30.0 21.1 14.0 14.7 9.4 18.5 30.3 10.4 10.7 8.5 Cities: Baltimore central city ........................ Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Indianapolis central city .................... Los Angeles central city .................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and area Total employed1 Total2 Construction Total Durable goods Transportation, communiNoncations, durable and pubgoods lic utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and Services3 real estate Government TOTAL–Continued Cities:–Continued Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... St. Louis central city ......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 79.7 78.1 77.4 82.0 76.1 76.6 76.8 84.7 2.4 3.9 3.0 8.6 1.8 4.1 2.6 4.3 18.8 9.9 8.7 13.2 13.7 8.1 13.0 12.6 13.4 2.3 2.8 9.6 5.7 5.6 10.2 3.5 5.4 7.6 5.9 3.7 7.9 2.5 2.8 9.1 5.3 5.7 4.3 6.1 5.0 5.6 4.1 6.9 16.1 16.8 15.7 21.6 16.8 21.5 19.2 22.7 5.7 10.9 7.5 6.7 5.2 6.6 6.2 5.3 31.5 30.9 38.2 25.5 33.7 30.1 31.6 32.9 16.9 16.2 18.3 11.8 19.3 18.0 14.6 8.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 84.4 74.7 83.8 83.8 77.2 85.2 84.6 84.5 82.4 78.3 84.9 78.7 79.7 88.2 83.5 83.2 84.2 85.5 83.3 79.4 86.3 86.8 83.7 86.1 84.1 78.6 76.5 79.1 82.0 8.8 9.5 4.0 6.8 5.1 8.6 8.7 7.9 7.0 7.7 9.8 8.5 9.0 7.0 12.2 7.6 12.6 6.9 9.4 5.8 10.7 5.6 9.5 6.2 7.8 8.6 9.7 6.7 5.6 15.9 12.2 22.8 16.7 23.4 24.3 21.1 28.0 28.5 15.9 20.1 28.6 14.5 31.9 9.9 26.1 16.9 21.9 18.0 21.2 24.6 13.6 9.3 32.9 22.2 13.8 10.3 9.7 19.6 10.0 8.5 9.5 11.5 16.1 10.2 12.6 17.1 20.0 10.9 14.0 21.9 9.2 28.7 8.1 20.0 8.4 14.5 9.2 12.8 14.5 5.9 5.5 24.7 14.0 8.8 5.2 2.9 8.5 5.9 3.6 13.3 5.2 7.3 14.1 8.5 10.9 8.5 5.1 6.1 6.6 5.2 3.2 1.8 6.1 8.5 7.4 8.8 8.4 10.1 7.7 3.7 8.2 8.2 5.0 5.1 6.8 11.1 13.2 6.4 7.0 7.1 6.7 11.0 9.2 7.6 6.1 8.1 9.2 5.6 8.5 6.0 9.4 6.2 9.4 8.6 10.9 6.2 9.4 16.4 12.5 4.7 6.4 9.3 10.0 7.4 10.0 20.2 20.6 22.6 18.2 19.5 20.2 18.6 17.2 19.4 19.0 19.2 17.3 19.5 19.3 22.4 18.1 20.3 23.7 19.8 19.9 20.8 26.5 23.7 16.9 21.7 20.6 19.0 20.0 20.4 4.7 5.5 8.5 7.5 4.4 5.6 7.1 4.0 4.1 6.7 5.3 2.8 5.2 4.3 5.9 5.8 3.9 5.1 4.9 4.3 4.1 4.9 6.9 4.2 6.4 6.6 3.1 10.8 7.0 21.5 20.3 18.9 27.4 18.1 15.3 19.9 19.9 16.9 20.9 20.4 15.9 22.3 19.7 23.7 19.2 18.1 19.2 20.2 22.1 16.2 19.8 21.7 20.8 19.5 19.5 21.8 24.5 19.2 9.3 18.2 9.5 9.4 16.1 7.7 9.3 10.2 11.3 14.0 8.0 13.9 12.3 7.6 9.4 9.3 8.4 7.7 11.3 8.8 9.2 8.3 8.5 8.3 9.6 15.7 11.1 13.9 12.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 76.1 73.4 73.1 81.8 79.1 83.5 79.7 82.5 83.2 77.5 83.6 69.1 84.4 77.8 76.1 78.4 76.8 85.5 82.1 11.4 7.0 7.8 6.2 7.0 11.2 5.6 10.9 6.6 10.4 6.1 7.5 10.1 10.7 8.4 6.9 7.9 4.5 8.8 14.5 16.3 14.6 28.2 18.1 17.3 16.6 21.9 27.9 18.5 30.6 9.8 19.1 16.8 10.0 17.4 12.7 35.5 22.9 10.7 10.6 10.0 21.2 9.6 12.9 12.4 15.1 16.3 12.8 24.0 5.8 12.6 12.5 8.2 13.3 6.9 31.8 20.0 3.9 5.6 4.6 6.9 8.5 4.4 4.2 6.8 11.6 5.7 6.6 4.0 6.5 4.3 1.8 4.1 5.8 3.8 3.0 7.0 7.6 7.1 4.0 6.1 6.6 10.7 8.4 5.7 9.4 5.8 8.4 8.4 6.3 8.3 5.9 6.9 6.3 5.1 18.5 17.4 18.2 17.5 19.2 23.2 19.1 18.8 18.4 19.6 20.6 19.9 20.2 20.4 21.3 19.5 18.3 14.0 19.2 2.3 5.5 2.9 5.0 6.0 5.0 4.2 5.0 5.6 3.4 3.6 4.2 4.4 6.2 3.5 5.5 6.5 4.1 4.7 22.3 19.5 21.1 20.5 22.7 19.7 22.6 17.4 19.0 16.1 16.9 19.3 21.7 16.8 23.5 23.3 24.6 20.9 21.3 17.8 14.5 18.9 6.2 12.7 9.1 10.0 8.1 10.5 12.9 11.0 19.9 9.7 15.2 16.6 11.4 7.4 5.3 8.8 Men Metropolitan areas:4 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cincinnati PMSA ............................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Indianapolis MSA .............................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Pittsburgh MSA ................................. Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ See footnotes at end of table. Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and area Total employed1 Total2 Construction Total Durable goods Transportation, communiNoncations, durable and pubgoods lic utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and Services3 real estate Government Men–Continued Metropolitan areas:4–Continued Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 100.0 83.1 73.1 10.4 9.8 11.3 6.4 6.4 3.4 4.9 3.0 6.8 7.6 24.2 14.8 6.5 5.0 23.5 29.5 9.5 20.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 75.0 79.0 81.0 84.3 81.7 66.6 84.1 84.6 81.4 79.2 79.3 75.0 85.3 72.9 76.6 79.3 82.5 8.6 8.9 6.4 11.2 5.9 3.3 9.7 5.4 6.7 4.9 6.6 5.9 14.1 2.8 7.1 4.3 7.8 12.1 16.5 34.4 18.9 29.8 2.2 14.8 18.7 17.5 31.4 9.2 11.3 16.0 20.2 9.6 15.3 9.8 4.6 9.6 27.9 13.5 28.4 .2 8.4 10.2 10.6 23.6 2.6 4.1 12.1 8.4 8.1 12.1 3.4 7.5 6.9 6.5 5.4 1.4 2.0 6.4 8.6 6.9 7.8 6.6 7.2 3.8 11.8 1.5 3.2 6.4 5.5 7.0 3.9 7.0 8.0 8.3 9.3 10.8 5.3 4.4 7.7 6.5 5.9 7.6 8.7 5.8 8.7 19.3 17.6 15.6 16.2 15.0 12.8 23.5 23.5 21.6 15.4 20.3 18.3 22.7 14.0 23.6 17.2 21.8 6.5 8.0 2.5 7.7 1.7 6.3 3.9 5.4 4.6 1.7 11.0 4.1 4.7 5.4 3.9 6.8 5.3 23.0 20.9 18.3 22.7 21.2 33.7 21.5 20.8 25.7 21.3 24.4 28.9 21.6 23.0 23.2 29.9 29.1 18.4 14.5 12.1 8.0 15.1 26.5 8.4 8.4 5.3 16.5 14.2 19.3 8.5 22.9 17.3 11.4 7.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 76.0 67.7 84.3 82.9 77.7 83.5 81.8 84.2 83.0 77.0 79.1 80.3 76.8 82.2 83.5 82.4 78.4 85.1 77.2 75.6 83.1 77.8 81.6 84.2 79.7 78.3 74.9 76.6 79.4 .9 1.0 .2 .8 1.9 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.0 1.2 1.4 2.1 1.4 1.9 .7 1.6 1.1 .6 .6 1.8 1.5 .4 .3 .8 .6 1.1 .7 .8 10.1 5.7 15.7 8.3 8.0 17.1 11.9 12.3 11.7 8.8 12.1 13.6 7.9 12.8 4.0 10.9 8.7 10.3 8.5 15.6 10.4 6.5 9.1 10.4 12.0 9.7 4.0 11.1 11.4 3.9 2.2 4.6 5.6 4.5 5.4 5.4 4.6 7.2 4.6 7.9 9.2 4.6 10.4 2.5 8.2 3.8 5.0 3.8 6.7 4.4 2.7 3.5 5.0 6.6 4.8 1.7 2.3 5.0 6.2 3.5 11.1 2.7 3.5 11.7 6.5 7.6 4.5 4.3 4.2 4.4 3.3 2.4 1.5 2.8 4.9 5.3 4.6 8.9 6.0 3.8 5.7 5.4 5.3 4.9 2.3 8.7 6.3 7.8 3.1 4.5 4.2 4.0 4.1 5.7 4.2 2.2 2.7 5.3 2.6 5.2 3.4 5.7 2.6 5.3 2.9 6.0 4.0 5.2 6.7 7.8 3.8 4.5 6.3 4.1 3.1 5.3 19.3 18.1 21.0 16.5 22.8 17.5 18.0 22.2 20.9 24.2 19.2 23.0 17.6 21.3 23.5 16.6 21.6 21.5 20.7 16.7 21.5 23.3 20.2 18.1 20.7 18.7 23.4 12.7 17.8 8.2 8.4 9.0 9.8 7.1 11.1 9.3 7.3 8.5 10.9 8.6 4.0 8.6 7.7 8.2 14.6 7.8 11.3 9.7 7.4 10.5 9.0 10.4 11.8 11.5 9.3 6.4 10.3 9.5 29.7 31.5 33.9 43.3 34.0 32.5 35.6 36.8 38.0 29.4 32.4 35.7 35.0 35.6 40.2 37.0 31.7 38.1 31.7 31.2 33.7 30.9 33.8 39.9 30.2 33.7 34.7 38.8 34.6 18.5 27.2 11.7 11.3 18.7 12.0 13.5 13.0 12.2 16.3 13.4 14.8 14.7 14.7 13.2 13.8 15.6 12.3 18.5 16.2 12.2 18.1 13.7 12.6 14.4 18.4 19.5 18.4 15.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 75.0 71.0 71.9 77.6 2.0 2.0 .9 1.5 5.6 6.9 6.0 16.5 2.5 3.6 3.5 9.7 3.1 3.3 2.4 6.8 2.7 4.9 3.9 2.2 19.7 19.7 17.8 17.7 8.4 9.2 7.3 9.4 36.5 28.2 35.3 30.4 21.5 16.6 21.1 13.8 Cities: Baltimore central city ........................ Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Indianapolis central city .................... Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... St. Louis central city ......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ Women Metropolitan areas:4 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cincinnati PMSA ............................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Indianapolis MSA .............................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and area Total employed1 Total2 Construction Total Durable goods Transportation, communiNoncations, durable and pubgoods lic utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and Services3 real estate Government Women–Continued Metropolitan areas:4–Continued Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Pittsburgh MSA ................................. Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 82.9 78.3 81.2 79.6 83.4 74.3 79.6 61.8 82.8 73.6 74.7 72.7 81.2 80.6 77.0 .9 2.0 .5 1.7 .4 1.9 .3 .2 1.0 1.4 .7 .3 1.4 1.3 1.6 9.5 9.8 7.1 11.7 16.5 9.9 18.4 4.9 8.0 9.2 6.5 9.5 11.6 23.7 10.4 3.3 7.1 4.8 6.7 10.2 7.0 12.7 3.3 4.2 6.3 3.6 6.5 3.0 20.2 7.8 6.2 2.8 2.3 4.9 6.3 2.9 5.8 1.6 3.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 8.6 3.5 2.6 3.3 5.1 3.0 3.0 2.2 4.4 1.8 2.8 3.7 4.7 3.5 3.7 5.5 3.2 4.9 17.6 20.7 23.8 19.9 18.7 18.4 20.8 17.0 24.0 21.4 19.8 20.2 21.1 15.3 19.5 10.1 10.7 8.9 8.5 7.5 8.7 7.7 7.2 7.5 9.1 10.0 6.2 7.1 5.2 8.6 41.4 29.9 37.7 34.8 38.1 31.0 30.7 29.8 38.6 27.7 33.7 32.7 34.5 31.8 32.1 12.7 14.7 12.2 12.4 13.8 18.7 16.9 27.4 11.7 21.0 20.3 18.3 11.1 13.2 13.8 100.0 100.0 80.4 67.7 1.7 1.1 6.7 2.9 3.3 1.3 3.4 1.6 4.3 4.7 23.6 15.1 11.8 7.7 32.2 36.3 14.5 25.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 72.0 81.2 78.2 82.5 76.2 61.1 82.0 86.0 76.7 80.0 76.6 79.7 78.0 79.7 76.5 73.6 87.1 1.2 .8 .8 .2 .6 .3 .9 1.1 .4 .1 .6 .2 1.9 .6 1.0 .6 .5 8.2 9.5 13.6 10.6 14.9 2.1 5.4 10.0 15.0 7.4 10.7 6.2 9.9 6.1 6.4 10.1 15.6 3.8 3.8 8.5 6.2 12.3 .6 2.3 5.7 5.1 4.2 2.0 1.5 6.5 2.7 2.9 7.7 3.7 4.4 5.8 5.0 4.4 2.6 1.5 3.1 4.3 9.9 3.2 8.8 4.7 3.4 3.4 3.5 2.4 12.0 3.1 4.7 .9 5.5 4.0 3.3 5.7 2.7 3.0 6.1 3.3 2.1 6.3 1.9 2.3 2.0 5.0 13.3 15.1 20.1 18.1 19.6 10.1 23.0 24.9 15.4 16.6 12.4 13.2 20.3 20.1 19.2 21.7 23.7 5.1 9.2 9.7 12.5 5.4 4.4 6.6 10.1 6.5 9.2 10.8 10.8 9.0 5.0 9.5 5.6 5.4 41.1 42.1 33.2 35.6 31.7 40.9 38.7 37.1 36.4 40.7 38.8 47.1 30.4 46.1 37.4 33.7 36.9 23.8 13.5 17.4 11.2 21.3 34.1 13.2 12.8 13.2 17.2 18.6 17.3 15.9 15.1 18.7 18.6 8.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 80.5 72.5 84.8 83.0 79.0 84.5 84.8 85.0 83.7 78.3 83.3 79.6 78.1 86.2 84.1 82.3 82.9 85.9 81.7 5.5 6.0 2.5 4.1 3.9 5.7 6.0 4.9 4.5 4.8 6.9 5.1 5.9 5.1 7.5 4.8 9.4 4.7 5.6 13.1 8.7 19.5 12.4 15.7 18.5 17.9 20.9 21.4 13.4 16.3 21.4 11.6 22.8 8.1 18.9 14.9 16.2 13.5 7.8 6.2 7.3 8.5 11.0 8.0 10.0 11.1 14.2 8.1 11.0 15.7 7.2 19.9 6.4 14.2 7.1 9.6 6.9 5.2 2.6 12.2 3.9 4.8 10.4 7.9 9.9 7.2 5.3 5.3 5.7 4.4 2.9 1.8 4.7 7.7 6.7 6.6 10.3 5.0 6.3 5.7 5.8 8.7 7.5 5.8 4.2 5.5 7.1 4.6 6.8 4.9 8.0 4.4 6.7 5.6 8.8 20.0 21.2 22.7 17.6 22.4 20.3 18.9 20.1 20.4 21.5 19.6 20.0 18.0 21.5 21.9 16.4 20.3 22.9 20.9 6.7 7.3 9.2 8.5 5.4 8.4 8.4 6.1 6.3 8.4 7.0 3.8 7.1 6.4 7.9 10.4 5.8 7.7 6.8 24.9 24.1 24.5 34.7 25.7 22.8 26.1 27.2 26.7 24.8 25.6 24.7 28.1 25.4 30.8 27.3 23.0 28.7 26.0 12.7 20.8 9.8 10.2 15.3 9.3 9.6 11.0 10.3 14.1 9.3 14.4 13.4 9.9 9.9 11.2 9.7 8.9 13.2 Cities: Baltimore central city ........................ Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Indianapolis central city .................... Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... St. Louis central city ......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ White Metropolitan areas:4 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cincinnati PMSA ............................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Indianapolis MSA .............................. Kansas City MSA .............................. See footnotes at end of table. Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and area Total employed1 Total2 Construction Total Durable goods Transportation, communiNoncations, durable and pubgoods lic utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and Services3 real estate Government White–Continued Metropolitan areas:4–Continued Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Pittsburgh MSA ................................. Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 79.1 84.6 82.7 83.9 86.2 81.8 78.8 76.9 79.3 82.7 4.2 7.2 5.3 5.6 3.8 4.8 5.2 5.9 4.1 4.4 20.3 16.6 8.6 9.6 23.0 17.4 11.7 5.9 11.0 16.2 11.1 9.1 2.6 4.8 16.2 10.6 6.8 3.0 3.0 6.8 9.3 7.5 5.9 4.8 6.8 6.8 5.0 2.9 8.0 9.3 4.7 6.9 9.0 10.8 4.3 5.6 8.1 7.1 5.3 7.1 18.8 22.5 26.4 21.9 18.0 21.2 19.4 21.3 17.9 21.3 5.5 7.1 7.4 9.2 8.2 8.6 8.0 6.3 11.3 8.5 25.5 23.9 26.1 26.8 28.7 24.2 26.3 27.5 29.7 25.1 10.4 10.2 10.2 9.3 9.5 12.0 16.6 13.9 13.4 11.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 77.6 73.0 75.1 78.6 82.1 81.3 80.2 81.1 83.1 77.2 82.1 66.7 85.6 75.4 76.2 75.2 77.6 80.7 79.5 7.8 5.7 5.0 5.0 4.4 7.2 3.3 7.2 3.8 7.2 3.8 4.4 6.6 6.3 5.2 4.2 5.4 3.8 6.0 10.0 12.0 10.0 21.2 15.2 13.4 12.5 16.5 21.7 15.0 25.7 6.9 15.0 12.6 9.0 12.9 10.9 25.3 17.0 6.3 6.7 6.3 14.5 7.5 10.0 9.2 11.0 13.2 10.5 19.3 4.2 9.4 9.0 6.4 9.1 5.4 21.5 14.2 3.7 5.3 3.8 6.8 7.7 3.4 3.3 5.5 8.6 4.5 6.4 2.7 5.6 3.7 2.6 3.8 5.5 3.8 2.8 5.3 7.3 5.7 3.5 4.7 6.0 6.9 5.9 4.2 7.0 3.3 5.9 5.6 5.6 6.0 5.4 5.5 5.2 4.5 21.6 17.6 18.5 18.2 18.4 22.4 21.7 19.3 18.9 20.8 21.2 19.3 23.2 20.5 21.2 19.4 18.4 15.7 18.8 6.4 7.7 5.5 6.9 8.1 7.6 6.3 6.6 6.6 5.1 5.6 5.2 6.0 7.7 6.8 5.9 6.3 4.7 6.9 26.5 22.6 29.2 23.6 31.3 24.5 29.0 25.5 27.9 22.2 22.5 24.9 28.8 22.0 27.2 27.3 31.0 26.0 26.1 17.3 14.1 17.3 10.3 11.2 11.1 10.9 10.1 12.2 13.8 13.2 21.4 8.4 18.1 17.2 14.4 8.4 10.3 10.8 100.0 100.0 82.2 71.1 6.4 6.6 8.9 5.1 5.2 2.9 3.6 2.3 5.7 5.3 24.1 14.3 9.3 6.2 27.8 33.6 11.5 21.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 78.3 82.9 83.6 84.1 77.9 66.6 84.6 86.6 81.1 81.3 79.9 80.5 82.5 80.6 77.6 76.3 84.9 5.0 6.5 2.8 8.0 6.6 1.7 7.8 4.0 4.7 2.8 3.8 3.8 8.9 3.0 4.5 3.1 4.8 9.7 15.3 27.3 16.7 15.8 3.1 12.2 13.0 18.2 20.3 10.5 10.7 11.7 18.9 8.9 10.9 9.7 7.5 8.2 19.9 11.6 13.4 .3 6.3 6.1 9.1 15.7 2.6 4.3 8.9 7.7 6.1 7.7 4.0 2.2 7.1 7.4 5.1 2.4 2.9 5.9 6.9 9.1 4.7 7.9 6.3 2.8 11.1 2.7 3.1 5.7 4.0 5.5 2.8 5.4 11.6 4.3 7.0 6.4 4.1 6.4 5.8 3.8 6.4 3.1 5.5 4.9 5.5 25.5 17.1 17.9 17.9 20.2 8.8 21.7 25.4 19.3 16.5 18.3 17.2 22.7 19.7 22.5 18.7 20.7 5.5 9.5 7.4 9.5 6.6 6.6 5.5 6.9 5.4 6.0 11.9 6.8 6.3 4.1 7.0 6.2 5.6 28.6 29.0 25.4 26.2 17.1 42.1 28.0 30.9 29.5 29.3 29.6 38.1 26.1 31.8 28.5 32.6 38.5 12.9 10.4 10.1 7.6 20.6 25.7 7.3 9.0 6.5 16.1 13.2 13.9 10.9 14.5 16.5 14.1 6.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 80.1 67.3 74.2 84.4 4.1 3.7 .9 3.4 12.3 10.3 14.9 10.7 4.6 3.6 3.7 7.3 7.7 6.7 11.2 3.4 11.6 4.5 6.5 9.1 18.5 13.1 11.7 8.7 5.8 5.9 2.6 12.1 27.8 29.8 37.7 40.3 16.3 30.5 24.7 14.6 Cities: Baltimore central city ........................ Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Indianapolis central city .................... Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... St. Louis central city ......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ Black Metropolitan areas:4 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and area Total employed1 Total2 Construction Total Durable goods Transportation, communiNoncations, durable and pubgoods lic utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and Services3 real estate Government Black–Continued Metropolitan areas:4–Continued Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cincinnati PMSA ............................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Indianapolis MSA .............................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Pittsburgh MSA ................................. Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 65.3 84.0 76.0 79.5 75.7 75.1 76.5 76.2 84.8 80.9 80.4 84.2 76.5 79.3 67.6 65.4 84.7 81.6 77.4 76.1 86.5 68.8 73.6 71.8 75.0 ( 5) 3.3 2.4 4.8 3.5 3.6 1.6 6.2 2.3 1.4 8.1 .8 3.7 .8 1.2 1.5 2.1 1.8 5.4 1.3 ( 5) 4.1 4.9 4.3 .7 20.8 27.8 12.0 15.8 14.9 7.0 14.2 25.8 8.7 22.9 2.7 14.4 7.3 14.6 12.0 8.7 26.2 11.6 7.9 15.5 16.0 14.1 10.1 6.2 14.3 7.2 7.7 6.0 10.0 12.9 5.9 8.5 20.1 6.4 20.7 1.6 11.8 3.3 11.7 3.6 5.1 13.4 6.2 4.2 8.0 4.8 7.1 4.2 2.0 6.9 13.6 20.1 6.0 5.8 2.0 1.1 5.7 5.7 2.3 2.2 1.1 2.6 4.0 2.8 8.4 3.6 12.8 5.3 3.7 7.5 11.2 7.0 5.9 4.2 7.4 2.3 5.7 8.6 8.0 5.6 7.0 9.8 1.8 13.2 5.2 7.1 5.4 13.2 8.4 6.8 8.8 11.0 14.8 7.8 4.2 5.5 9.0 7.0 6.3 10.3 6.4 14.3 15.0 14.6 18.4 21.9 14.7 17.3 28.8 15.6 23.9 24.4 21.5 20.9 13.2 12.3 11.9 23.3 23.3 14.4 23.2 16.5 21.6 11.0 12.9 7.0 7.3 7.4 2.1 6.1 12.5 7.4 .6 2.9 4.1 4.2 9.0 4.2 11.7 9.7 4.4 5.9 6.7 4.8 5.0 12.6 6.3 1.5 8.4 6.5 28.9 25.6 30.7 34.2 27.0 23.0 28.7 24.5 28.8 31.8 34.6 30.3 26.0 22.9 24.5 29.6 27.6 23.5 28.1 35.6 29.1 18.9 28.4 35.5 30.3 34.7 11.1 19.8 15.0 21.4 18.9 18.8 14.5 13.8 16.3 17.2 14.9 20.6 17.9 31.8 27.9 14.8 16.5 18.6 19.0 8.1 27.5 18.0 24.7 22.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 69.5 68.8 58.3 91.2 75.6 75.0 82.2 73.6 85.3 70.6 76.7 61.3 72.8 77.5 66.5 72.1 82.8 90.3 82.1 4.8 2.5 2.2 ( 5) 2.9 1.6 2.9 .6 .9 3.9 .4 6.1 1.5 ( 5) ( 5) 3.3 3.6 1.1 ( 5) 10.9 7.8 12.8 35.3 6.8 8.4 8.4 11.8 32.9 12.6 15.7 10.5 6.7 24.5 .4 1.5 6.7 14.0 13.9 7.5 6.5 9.0 28.0 1.7 4.2 3.2 3.9 13.8 7.3 12.6 10.5 4.5 14.3 .4 .4 1.3 14.0 13.9 3.4 1.3 3.9 7.3 5.1 4.2 5.2 7.9 19.1 5.4 3.2 ( 5) 2.2 10.3 ( 5) 1.1 5.4 ( 5) ( 5) 4.5 3.6 7.5 ( 5) 5.5 6.0 12.5 15.1 2.4 10.7 8.9 6.1 7.7 8.0 7.5 5.3 16.3 ( 5) 22.1 12.0 25.5 14.7 23.4 16.6 16.7 15.3 23.0 12.2 10.2 16.4 8.0 16.0 30.0 11.2 20.8 21.0 21.3 15.0 3.5 3.9 2.2 4.8 8.0 11.5 8.8 13.2 4.4 8.4 3.2 10.7 5.3 ( 5) 5.2 6.7 5.7 28.5 2.4 33.9 24.1 18.8 27.8 35.8 31.0 34.5 9.8 32.5 24.6 32.1 19.9 35.6 14.9 42.2 34.4 29.5 25.4 28.7 26.9 23.2 36.7 6.1 22.4 21.3 16.4 16.4 9.5 28.9 20.0 38.7 23.4 22.5 33.5 18.9 13.2 9.9 11.5 100.0 100.0 77.9 68.0 6.0 3.4 9.7 4.2 3.1 1.5 6.6 2.7 6.5 9.2 22.5 16.0 9.2 5.9 23.0 29.1 16.2 28.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 71.2 73.8 70.0 79.6 78.5 61.6 79.0 80.5 66.7 76.4 71.4 4.9 2.5 4.8 2.4 1.8 2.0 3.2 .9 2.0 1.3 4.4 10.6 9.1 17.9 10.9 22.8 1.4 6.4 15.8 10.0 15.9 6.0 2.4 3.9 14.8 6.1 20.9 .5 4.1 12.7 4.9 8.2 1.8 8.1 5.3 3.1 4.8 1.9 .9 2.3 3.1 5.1 7.7 4.2 4.5 7.3 1.9 10.0 4.7 6.8 11.7 8.2 7.6 2.8 6.1 11.0 14.0 19.4 11.8 17.3 13.5 24.1 21.4 11.4 14.8 10.7 6.2 6.9 3.8 12.2 3.3 4.5 3.7 10.8 4.6 5.2 8.8 34.1 34.0 22.2 32.4 28.7 33.4 29.9 23.4 31.0 36.5 35.5 26.4 21.9 25.0 15.7 18.5 33.9 20.0 16.5 25.3 18.5 25.1 Cities: Baltimore central city ........................ Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Indianapolis central city .................... Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ See footnotes at end of table. Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and area Total employed1 Total2 Construction Total Durable goods Transportation, communiNoncations, durable and pubgoods lic utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and Services3 real estate Government Black–Continued Cities:–Continued Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... St. Louis central city ......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 72.7 71.1 69.7 67.7 68.6 82.0 2.1 .9 .5 ( 5) .5 4.6 5.0 8.7 5.2 ( 5) .6 7.1 .6 2.7 2.9 ( 5) .6 .1 4.4 6.0 2.3 ( 5) ( 5) 7.0 4.9 2.9 7.3 7.7 4.8 16.7 13.1 16.1 14.7 10.3 23.3 16.5 8.7 12.4 6.8 3.2 6.5 4.4 38.9 30.1 35.3 46.5 33.9 32.7 24.7 25.7 25.7 32.3 24.1 17.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 89.9 51.8 93.5 87.2 93.5 90.5 84.8 88.5 89.6 73.9 87.6 93.7 81.6 87.2 93.7 85.9 80.1 100.0 85.9 97.1 89.4 86.4 81.9 83.4 91.5 23.7 ( 5) 2.1 3.1 23.8 7.7 5.6 11.0 14.5 6.6 9.9 3.2 .3 16.3 10.4 5.6 32.4 21.8 6.1 .1 1.7 2.1 4.3 4.2 3.1 10.0 15.6 36.5 18.1 42.3 28.9 26.7 16.7 19.9 13.4 30.5 15.4 19.8 14.1 19.0 27.8 2.4 ( 5) 10.6 48.2 23.2 28.4 9.0 14.1 27.5 5.1 14.7 13.8 9.8 17.9 16.8 17.9 7.5 14.1 7.5 26.7 10.3 14.5 9.2 10.1 13.4 ( 5) ( 5) 5.5 34.4 10.7 19.2 6.6 3.6 8.9 4.9 .9 22.7 8.4 24.3 12.1 8.8 9.3 5.7 6.0 3.8 5.1 5.3 4.9 8.9 14.3 2.4 ( 5) 5.1 13.8 12.5 9.2 2.4 10.5 18.6 14.2 ( 5) 7.7 2.1 6.2 4.0 8.1 9.1 4.7 8.8 3.8 11.4 2.4 6.3 11.5 4.3 8.0 14.7 11.2 3.5 2.1 7.6 12.7 5.4 7.5 23.5 10.7 22.2 24.0 10.6 25.9 9.9 33.9 24.4 21.4 20.8 22.5 21.4 25.4 28.7 22.7 17.4 51.1 24.1 6.8 43.7 23.3 29.9 25.6 29.1 1.6 ( 5) 5.5 3.1 ( 5) 5.3 8.0 7.9 4.0 4.0 5.7 9.0 7.5 4.0 ( 5) 4.5 ( 5) 10.4 8.9 10.3 4.8 4.7 .2 7.1 4.7 17.0 25.5 19.4 36.8 10.6 18.6 26.5 9.9 22.2 19.5 16.9 32.2 30.2 20.4 24.2 21.1 19.9 2.0 25.0 28.2 13.8 20.3 25.3 27.0 19.6 4.9 35.9 5.7 9.4 ( 5) 7.2 10.3 3.7 7.4 22.3 8.5 3.7 15.8 9.1 2.6 8.5 19.9 ( 5) 6.7 2.9 8.9 10.2 6.7 12.5 5.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.8 78.5 96.8 88.6 82.2 86.9 92.9 94.4 81.9 65.9 67.7 79.4 84.2 76.6 78.4 83.3 86.1 86.0 10.6 4.9 7.3 5.9 4.4 12.4 10.3 .1 7.9 5 ( ) 2.8 ( 5) 13.3 6.9 5.4 8.4 3.1 1.6 9.6 12.8 26.4 32.9 22.6 17.4 30.0 55.5 21.3 27.6 6.8 4.1 26.9 10.0 15.8 11.1 26.9 23.8 9.6 3.6 13.0 22.1 8.9 13.6 20.0 27.4 15.1 3.8 4.2 .4 22.5 7.2 11.5 6.8 18.2 12.7 ( 5) 9.3 13.5 10.8 13.7 3.8 10.0 28.1 6.2 23.9 2.5 3.7 4.4 2.8 4.3 4.3 8.7 11.1 23.7 12.4 .0 2.0 3.5 3.6 ( 5) ( 5) 5.8 ( 5) 3.7 1.4 4.3 6.0 5.2 3.7 4.5 .3 17.2 22.6 20.1 20.1 32.6 25.8 28.4 6.2 20.3 13.6 22.9 28.6 17.1 23.3 21.2 23.8 23.1 44.6 1.1 2.8 ( 5) 6.1 1.4 3.6 3.5 3.5 2.7 10.9 2.9 17.9 4.3 6.1 7.0 5.5 2.9 3.4 36.6 23.2 36.1 21.5 17.6 23.6 20.6 29.1 24.0 13.8 28.7 27.5 17.3 23.6 23.8 30.8 25.7 12.4 1.2 12.5 .1 4.0 11.9 9.2 1.8 ( 5) 10.7 26.2 25.9 ( 5) 11.4 19.5 13.7 11.9 9.5 10.5 100.0 100.0 88.1 85.1 7.7 15.0 14.6 2.3 7.0 .8 7.6 1.5 6.6 3.7 24.9 27.7 5.9 3.7 28.4 32.7 9.4 12.2 100.0 100.0 89.6 84.5 8.2 4.2 25.9 27.0 14.4 18.4 11.5 8.6 4.3 5.1 27.7 11.5 6.7 12.5 16.8 24.4 8.0 8.7 Hispanic origin Metropolitan areas:4 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... Cities: Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Population group and area Total employed1 Total2 Construction Total Durable goods 19.3 26.5 .1 13.4 27.0 48.3 14.2 22.2 16.3 10.1 14.2 3.9 15.2 21.0 ( 5) 8.9 13.1 35.4 3.3 12.3 13.8 7.1 10.7 2.8 Transportation, communiNoncations, durable and pubgoods lic utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and Services3 real estate Government Hispanic origin–Continued Cities:–Continued Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ 1 2 3 4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 87.9 100.0 80.1 89.3 87.9 96.4 83.1 69.1 90.4 77.2 74.1 81.8 16.1 22.6 4.4 14.4 7.5 ( 5) 4.1 7.8 14.9 6.0 4.0 12.3 Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers and mining. Includes mining. Excludes private household workers. All are Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA’s) except St Louis and those labeled Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (CMSA’s) or Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSA’s). The differences are discussed in appendix C, "Geographic Boundary Definitions". 4.1 5.5 .1 4.5 13.9 12.9 10.9 9.8 2.5 3.1 3.5 1.0 5.2 14.1 3.1 7.5 2.9 4.4 5.4 3.1 3.8 6.1 5.0 1.0 20.9 11.2 26.2 27.8 23.8 7.7 25.4 24.3 23.4 25.0 16.6 24.2 6.0 ( 5) 7.0 5.5 4.6 8.6 7.4 .4 3.8 6.4 6.0 4.2 20.4 25.5 39.2 20.2 22.1 27.3 26.6 11.3 28.1 23.2 28.2 36.3 8.3 ( 5) 14.4 6.2 5.9 3.6 12.8 17.7 6.3 18.4 16.2 14.8 5 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed. NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Detail may not add to totals because of rounding. Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Unemployment rates for nonagricultural workers by industry1, 1997 annual averages Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Area Total2 Total3 Construction Total Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation, communications, and public utilities Trade Finance, insurance, and Services4 real estate Government Metropolitan areas:5 Atlanta MSA ...................................... Baltimore PMSA ............................... Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... Boston PMSA ................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... Chicago PMSA ................................. Cincinnati PMSA ............................... Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... Detroit PMSA .................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... Hartford MSA .................................... Houston PMSA ................................. Indianapolis MSA .............................. Kansas City MSA .............................. Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... Louisville MSA .................................. Memphis MSA .................................. Miami PMSA ..................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... New Orleans MSA ............................ New York PMSA ............................... Newark PMSA .................................. Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .................................. Oakland PMSA ................................. Oklahoma City MSA ......................... Orange County PMSA ...................... Philadelphia PMSA ........................... Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... Pittsburgh MSA ................................. Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... Rochester MSA ................................ Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. St. Louis MSA ................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... San Antonio MSA ............................. San Diego MSA ................................ San Francisco PMSA ....................... San Jose PMSA ............................... Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................................ Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 3.4 5.4 3.4 3.3 5.0 3.2 4.3 3.2 3.9 3.3 3.6 5.0 3.0 3.8 4.2 3.7 5.4 2.8 3.4 5.8 3.8 4.4 5.9 4.5 2.9 2.6 4.3 7.7 5.6 3.8 6.7 3.4 3.6 5.3 3.6 4.5 3.6 4.2 3.9 4.0 5.9 3.5 4.1 4.3 4.0 5.8 2.7 3.9 6.2 3.9 4.6 6.2 4.8 3.1 2.8 5.3 8.5 6.0 3.5 6.8 ( 6) 9.1 ( 6) ( 6) 7.6 ( 6) 10.3 ( 6) 2.5 ( 6) 4.0 8.9 7.4 ( 6) 11.4 ( 6) ( 6) 10.2 ( 6) ( 6) 8.5 ( 6) 6.0 7.3 ( 6) 16.8 9.5 2.4 6.1 2.5 3.6 6.5 3.3 3.5 2.4 3.3 2.3 3.2 4.3 2.2 3.2 5.4 2.7 3.9 2.8 3.6 5.8 2.0 3.3 4.7 3.9 2.3 2.3 1.5 9.3 4.5 2.6 4.4 ( 6) 3.0 4.0 6.5 3.1 2.5 3.2 ( 6) 2.4 3.5 2.0 2.9 .8 1.7 3.1 ( 6) 6.6 4.0 2.0 ( 6) 4.0 1.7 2.1 2.4 ( 6) 10.4 5.0 2.3 8.6 2.7 4.7 ( 6) 1.3 3.9 2.2 3.6 ( 6) 4.9 ( 6) ( 6) 5.3 ( 6) ( 6) 4.6 ( 6) .5 7.8 ( 6) ( 6) 5.4 8.4 2.8 ( 6) ( 6) 8.9 4.1 2.2 3.4 ( 6) 2.8 ( 6) 1.9 2.7 ( 6) 2.6 ( 6) 2.2 ( 6) 2.4 3.2 2.4 ( 6) 2.8 ( 6) 5.7 3.2 ( 6) 1.9 4.1 ( 6) 3.7 3.0 2.8 5.9 10.7 5.8 7.2 4.7 4.0 6.2 4.7 6.0 4.9 5.2 5.7 5.9 6.4 4.8 4.8 4.9 5.3 7.0 3.4 5.7 7.4 3.8 5.8 9.1 7.3 4.2 2.8 8.1 10.2 5.4 1.8 4.2 .9 2.9 ( 6) .6 2.3 ( 6) 2.9 2.9 3.4 ( 6) 2.3 2.6 6.6 5.8 2.9 ( 6) 1.4 5.7 ( 6) ( 6) .7 2.2 1.3 3.5 ( 6) 5.9 3.6 4.1 7.7 3.8 3.0 3.6 4.1 4.6 3.7 3.6 3.2 4.0 6.3 3.5 4.1 2.9 2.5 5.4 1.6 3.0 5.6 4.2 5.6 6.2 4.2 2.8 1.7 3.9 7.4 6.2 1.7 2.0 4.1 2.6 5.0 .0 2.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 2.0 .9 4.2 3.1 2.9 ( 6) 1.0 3.8 3.5 2.0 3.0 2.5 1.7 1.5 1.3 4.5 2.1 5.0 3.9 3.8 3.8 4.8 3.8 4.5 3.8 4.7 7.3 4.4 5.1 4.7 3.0 4.4 5.1 4.3 3.2 3.9 6.0 4.6 4.6 4.0 5.2 4.3 5.0 4.2 5.3 8.2 4.6 6.2 5.1 3.2 4.7 5.9 4.8 3.6 4.2 9.4 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 7.7 3.1 16.9 8.9 13.3 10.3 ( 6) ( 6) 8.8 5.5 ( 6) 13.9 ( 6) ( 6) 5.9 6.7 2.5 3.7 2.8 4.6 3.1 4.5 2.4 5.2 6.7 3.2 5.7 4.9 2.8 3.8 4.1 3.3 2.6 2.4 7.6 3.5 3.3 2.2 4.3 2.0 4.4 1.6 5.1 4.9 1.9 ( 6) 5.3 3.0 ( 6) 5.1 ( 6) 1.9 1.7 4.8 .8 4.3 3.9 4.8 6.0 4.9 4.0 5.4 10.6 ( 6) ( 6) 4.4 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 4.5 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 4.3 3.2 1.7 2.8 5.3 3.3 ( 6) ( 6) 4.1 1.7 ( 6) 5.7 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 7.9 4.7 7.4 7.7 7.4 6.3 5.0 5.1 6.8 9.1 6.0 5.7 5.5 3.5 6.0 5.1 5.7 6.3 8.2 ( 6) 5.0 ( 6) .5 3.2 2.9 3.4 2.6 2.1 3.3 ( 6) ( 6) 4.7 1.6 ( 6) 3.4 2.3 ( 6) 1.4 4.9 4.4 3.4 2.9 4.5 3.9 4.8 4.0 4.0 10.3 4.0 4.9 4.5 3.6 3.8 6.5 4.0 2.3 1.9 1.7 2.0 .7 2.5 2.9 2.2 3.1 2.3 1.5 2.7 3.6 3.3 1.5 2.0 3.4 3.3 4.4 2.9 4.3 4.8 3.9 5.4 4.6 8.1 5.5 6.1 3.6 8.3 ( 6) 3.5 ( 6) 3.7 2.7 5.6 7.1 2.3 2.4 5.5 4.1 2.5 2.3 12.4 7.2 7.0 4.0 7.6 7.4 6.9 4.3 6.7 8.1 14.4 7.7 7.8 4.6 9.1 8.2 7.2 4.2 6.7 9.1 ( 6) 8.3 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 26.8 15.3 ( 6) 13.0 ( 6) 14.0 8.2 4.8 3.9 3.0 7.7 6.2 ( 6) 7.2 8.5 ( 6) 7.2 3.6 1.9 2.8 ( 6) 5.1 ( 6) 5.3 1.9 20.3 9.2 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 7.3 7.4 ( 6) 9.2 ( 6) ( 6) 5.3 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 4.5 4.0 ( 6) 2.9 ( 6) 17.9 11.3 7.0 10.6 13.2 12.5 7.6 4.5 7.7 13.6 ( 6) 3.0 ( 6) 3.4 ( 6) 6.2 5.2 ( 6) 8.0 ( 6) 14.5 7.1 11.4 3.1 10.6 6.5 6.4 2.8 5.2 7.5 5.3 4.7 .7 ( 6) 1.1 6.0 4.1 ( 6) 7.4 4.0 Cities: Baltimore central city ........................ Chicago central city .......................... Cleveland central city ....................... Dallas central city ............................. Detroit central city ............................. District of Columbia .......................... Houston central city .......................... Indianapolis central city .................... Los Angeles central city .................... Milwaukee central city ...................... See footnotes at end of table. Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Unemployment rates for nonagricultural workers by industry1, 1997 annual averages — Continued Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers Manufacturing Area Total2 Total3 Construction Total Durable goods Nondurable goods 10.4 11.3 5.2 ( 6) ( 6) 3.9 ( 6) 12.0 ( 6) 2.9 ( 6) ( 6) 4.3 ( 6) 9.8 12.2 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) Transportation, communications, and public utilities Trade 6.6 9.1 4.0 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 10.7 14.0 8.4 ( 6) 5.4 6.8 4.4 Finance, insurance, and Services4 real estate Government Cities:–Continued New York central city ........................ Philadelphia central city .................... Phoenix central city .......................... St. Louis central city ......................... San Antonio central city .................... San Diego central city ....................... San Francisco central city ................ 1 2 3 4 5 8.2 7.7 4.6 5.7 4.3 5.0 4.5 9.2 8.7 5.1 6.7 4.3 6.0 4.4 18.6 ( 6) 2.1 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) Excludes persons with no previous work experience. Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers and mining. Includes mining. Excludes private household workers. All are Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA’s) except St Louis and those labeled Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (CMSA’s) or Primary 6.2 2.8 2.7 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) 8.0 6.8 3.9 6.7 2.7 5.5 3.4 4.5 4.5 2.4 ( 6) 4.1 2.0 ( 6) Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSA’s). The differences are discussed in appendix C, "Geographic Boundary Definitions". 6 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Appendix A. Concepts and Definitions for Data Derived from the Current Population Survey T ables showing labor force status include provisional estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over as well as data on the civilian labor force, labor force participation rates, and unemployment rates. Population estimates are revised by the Bureau of the Census each year, and the revised estimates are incorporated into the CPS labor force levels. This adjustment affects the estimates of labor force, employment, and unemployment but does not affect percentages such as unemployment rates, participation rates, or employment-population ratios. Thus, levels contained in this publication may not be comparable to levels published in earlier (or subsequent) Geographic Profiles. The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data in use as of January 1994 are as follows: as unemployed had been looking for work. For persons on layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number of full weeks they had been on layoff. Reason for unemployment. Unemployment is also categorized according to the status of individuals at the time they began to look for work. The reasons for unemployment are divided into five major groups: (1) Job losers, comprised of (a) persons on temporary layoff, who have been given a date to return to work or who expect to return within 6 months (persons on layoff need not be looking for work to qualify as unemployed), and (b) permanent job losers, whose employment ended involuntarily and who began looking for work; (2) Job leavers, persons who quit or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and immediately began looking for work; (3) Persons who completed temporary jobs (included along with job losers in this publication), who began looking for work after the jobs ended; (4) Reentrants, persons who previously worked but were out of the labor force prior to beginning their job search; and (5) New entrants, persons who never worked. Civilian noninstitutional population. Included are persons 16 years of age and older residing in the 50 States and the District of Columbia who are not inmates of institutions (e.g., penal and mental facilities, homes for the aged) and who are not on active duty in the Armed Forces. Employed persons. All persons who, during the reference week, (a) did any work at all (at least 1 hour) as paid employees, worked in their own business or profession or on their own farm, or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise operated by a member of the family, and (b) were not working but had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily absent because of vacation, illness, bad weather, child-care problems, maternity or paternity leave, labor-management dispute, job training, or other family or personal reasons, whether or not they were paid for the time off or were seeking other jobs. Labor force. This group comprises all persons classified as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria described above. Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. Participation rate. This represents the proportion of the population that is in the labor force. Employment-population ratio. This represents the proportion of the population that is employed. Unemployed persons. All persons who had no employment during the reference week, were available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find employment some time during the 4 week period ending with the reference week. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not have been looking for work to be classified as unemployed. Occupation and industry. This information for the employed applies to the job held in the reference week. Persons with two or more jobs are classified in the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours. The unemployed are classified according to their last job. The occupational and industrial classification of CPS data is based on the coding systems used in the 1990 census. Duration of unemployment. This represents the length of time (through the current reference week) that persons classified 138 Hours of work. These statistics relate to the actual number of hours worked during the reference week. For example, persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours, even though they were paid for the holiday. For persons working in more than one job, the figures relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs during the week; all the hours are credited to the major job. therefore classified in the zero-hours-worked category, “with a job but not at work.” These are persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week for such reasons as bad weather, child-care problems, maternity or paternity leave, vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor dispute. In order to differentiate a person’s normal schedule from their activity during the reference week, persons are also classified according to their usual full- or part-time status. In this context, full-time workers are those who usually worked 35 hours or more (at all jobs combined). This group will include some individuals who worked less than 35 hours in the reference week for either economic or noneconomic reasons and those who are temporarily absent from work. Similarly, part-time workers are those who usually work less than 35 hours per week (at all jobs), regardless of the number of hours worked in the reference week. This may include some individuals who actually worked more than 34 hours in the reference week, as well as those who are temporarily absent from work. At work part time for economic reasons. Sometimes referred to as involuntary part time, this category refers to individuals who gave an economic reason for working 1 to 34 hours during the reference week. Economic reasons include slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, and seasonal declines in demand. Those who usually work part time must also indicate that they want and are available to work full time to be classified as on part time for economic reasons. At work part time for noneconomic reasons. This group includes those persons who usually work part time and were at work 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for a noneconomic reason. Noneconomic reasons include, for example: Illness or other medical limitations, child-care problems or other family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and being in a job where full-time work is less than 35 hours. The group also includes those who gave an economic reason for usually working 1 to 34 hours but said they do not want to work full time or were unavailable for such work. White, black, and other. These are terms used to describe the race of persons. Included in the “other” group are American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders. Because of the relatively small sample size in most areas, data for “other” races are not published. In the enumeration process, race is determined by the household respondent. Hispanic origin. This refers to persons who identified themselves in the survey enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or of other Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race; thus, they are included in both the white and black population groups. Usual full- or part-time status. Data on persons “at work” exclude persons who were temporarily absent from a job and 139 Appendix B. Sampling and Estimation Procedures and Sampling Error Tables T he estimates presented in this bulletin are based on annual averages of monthly data obtained from the CPS, a sample survey of the civilian noninstitutional population. The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the Census for BLS, and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, employed, and unemployed, including such characteristics as age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, occupation, and industry. The survey also provides data on the characteristics of those not in the labor force. Each month, trained interviewers collect information from a scientifically-selected sample (about 50,000 occupied housing units), designed to represent the civilian noninstitutional population. Selected respondents are interviewed to obtain information about the employment status of each household member 16 years of age and over. The “reference week” is the calendar week (Sunday through Saturday) which includes the 12th of the month. Actual field interviewing is conducted during the following week, which is known as the “survey” week. Within each of the selected PSUs, the number of households to be enumerated each month is determined in two steps. First, a sample of census enumeration districts (EDs) is selected using the population size probability selection procedure. EDs are administrative units and contain, on average, about 300 households. Second, clusters of approximately four addresses (contiguous wherever possible) are selected to be enumerated within each designated ED. Part of the sample is changed, or rotated, each month. A given rotation group is in the sample for 4 consecutive months, leaves the sample during the following 8 months, and then returns for another 4 consecutive months. A primary reason for rotating the sample is to minimize the lack of cooperation which may result from interviewing a constant panel indefinitely. The rotation plan provides for three-fourths of the sample to be identical from one month to the next and one-half to be identical with the same month a year earlier. Estimating methods Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the results for a given month become available simultaneously and are based on returns from the entire sample of respondents. The estimation procedure involves weighting the data from each sample person by the inverse of the probability of the person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure of the number of actual persons that each sample person represents. Through a series of estimation steps (outlined below), the selection probabilities are adjusted for noninterviews and survey undercoverage; data from previous months are incorporated into the estimates through the composite estimation procedure. Sampling procedures The 1997 sample encompasses 754 sample areas, with coverage in every State and the District of Columbia. It is based to a large extent on information about the distribution of the population as reported in the 1990 decennial census. (A redesigned 1990 census-based sample was phased in during the April 1994 through July 1995 period.) These areas were selected by dividing the entire area of the United States into 2,007 primary sampling units (PSUs). With some minor exceptions, a PSU consists of a county or number of contiguous counties. Most metropolitan areas constitute separate PSUs. To improve the efficiency of the sample, the 2,007 PSUs are grouped into strata within each State. Then, one PSU is selected from each stratum, with the probability of selection proportionate to the relative population size of the PSU. PSUs in strata by themselves are called “self-representing” and are generally the most populous in each State. Other strata are formed by combining PSUs that are similar in such characteristics as population growth, proportion of blacks and Hispanics, occupation/industry, and age/sex distribution. PSUs selected from these strata are “non-self-representing,” since each one chosen represents the entire stratum. 1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for occupied sample households for which no information was obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This noninterview adjustment is made separately for clusters of similar sample areas that are usually, but not necessarily, contained within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based on metropolitan area status and size. Within each cluster, there is a further breakdown by residence. The proportion of sample 140 households not interviewed varies from 6 to 7 percent, depending upon a number of factors, including weather and vacations. tion Survey, are added to the population projections. Prior to January 1994, the projections were based on earlier censuses, and there was no correction for census undercount. 2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from that of the population as a whole in such characteristics as: age, race, sex, and State of residence. Because these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample, the survey estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these population characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of ratio adjustment, as follows: 3. Composite estimation procedure. The last step in the preparation of most CPS estimates makes use of a composite estimation procedure. The composite estimate consists of a weighted average of two factors: (1) the second-stage ratio estimate based on the entire sample from the current month and (2) the composite estimate for the previous month, plus an estimate of the month-to-month change based on the six rotation groups common to both months. In addition, a bias adjustment term is added to the weighted average to account for relative bias associated with month-in-sample estimates. The compositing procedure results in a reduction in sampling error beyond that which is achieved after the two stages of ratio adjustment. a. First-stage ratio estimation. The purpose of the firststage ratio adjustment is to reduce the contribution to variance that results from selecting a sample of PSUs rather than drawing sample households from every PSU in the Nation. This adjustment is made to the CPS weights in two race cells: Black and nonblack; it is applied only to PSUs that are nonself-representing and for those States that have a substantial number of black households. The procedure corrects for differences that existed in each State cell at the time of the 1990 census between the race distribution of the population in sample PSUs and the race distribution of all non-self-representing PSUs. Reliability of the estimates The estimates in this bulletin are based upon a sample of the population rather than a complete count. Therefore, they may differ from the figures that would have been obtained if it had been possible to take a complete census using the same schedules and procedures as are used in the CPS. There are two types of errors in an estimate based on a sample survey— sampling and nonsampling. The sampling error tables provided later in this appendix indicate the magnitude of the sampling error. They also partially measure the effect of some nonsampling errors in response and enumeration, but do not measure any systematic biases in the data. b. Second-stage ratio estimation. This procedure substantially reduces the variability of estimates and corrects, to some extent, for CPS undercoverage. The CPS sample weights are adjusted to ensure that sample-based estimates of population match independent population controls. Three sets of controls are used: Sampling variability. The standard error is primarily a measure of sampling variability, that is, the variation that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. The sample estimate and its standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals, that is, ranges that would include the average result of all possible samples with a known probability. For example, if all possible samples were selected, each of these samples were surveyed under essentially the same conditions using the same sample design, and an estimate and its estimated standard error were calculated from each sample, then the following would occur: 1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one standard error below the estimate to one standard error above the estimate would include the average result of all possible samples. 2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6 standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errors above the estimate would include the average result of all possible samples. 3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from two standard errors below the esti- 1) 51 State controls of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older, 2) National civilian noninstitutional population controls for 14 Hispanic and 5 non-Hispanic age-sex categories, and 3) National civilian noninstitutional population controls for 66 white, 42 black, and 10 “other” age-sex categories. The independent population controls are prepared by projecting forward the resident population as enumerated on April 1, 1990. The projections are derived by updating demographic census data with information from a variety of other data sources that account for births, deaths, and net migration. Subtracting estimated numbers of resident Armed Forces personnel and institutionalized persons reduces the resident population to the civilian noninstitutional population. Estimates of net census undercount, determined from the Post Enumera- 141 mate to two standard errors above the estimate would include the average result of all possible samples. 1.6 standard errors) for major labor force characteristics. They are approximations and thus indicate the order of magnitude of the sampling error rather than the precise amount of the possible error in an estimate. Illustrations on the use of these tables are provided below. In all cases, the computations present the estimated levels in thousands of persons. The error of a sample estimate varies inversely with the size of the sample and directly with the size of the estimate. Hence, an estimate for a subgroup constituting a small proportion of a population will tend to have a larger error relative to its size than an estimate for a larger subgroup. Sampling error of an estimated number. Table B-5 shows that an estimate of 50,000 unemployed persons in Maryland will have an absolute sampling error of 10,000, or a relative sampling error of 20 percent (10,000/50,000). In comparison, an estimate of 100,000 unemployed persons in Maryland has an absolute sampling error of 14,000, yielding a relative sampling error of 14 percent (14,000/100,000). A statement that unemployment in Maryland is between 40,000 and 60,000 in the first instance, and between 86,000 and 114,000 in the second, can be made with approximately 90-percent confidence. This can be interpreted as follows: If one were to draw all possible samples and make an estimate from each sample (using the same methods and techniques) and construct an interval around each estimate (using the sampling errors shown in the tables), then 90 percent of these intervals would contain the average value of all possible samples. To convert a sampling error from 90-percent confidence, as displayed in the tables, to 68-percent confidence (one standard error), multiply the sampling error shown in the tables by 0.63. To convert the sampling error from 90- to 95-percent confidence (approximately two standard errors) multiply the sampling error by 1.23. For the example given above, the sampling error at 90-percent confidence was 10,000. At 68-percent confidence, the error would be about 6,300 (10,000 x 0.63). At 95-percent confidence, the error would be about 12,300 (10,000 x 1.23). Reliability standards The CPS sample design takes into consideration both national and State reliability. For the State data, a minimum reliability standard is set: An expected maximum coefficient of variation (CV) on the level of total unemployment of 8 percent annually. This is calculated based on a 6-percent unemployment rate. Because each State’s design must meet the reliability standard, the CPS sampling rate differs by State. (The sampling rate is the proportion of all households that are selected for the sample.) Generally, the smaller the State population, the higher the sampling rate. The average State sampling rates range roughly from 1 in every 200 households to 1 in every 2,500 households in each stratum within the State. Publication standards for State and area CPS data To achieve comparability of the data for regions, divisions, States, metropolitan areas, and cities for publication purposes, a unique requirement for minimum labor force, employment, or unemployment was developed for each area. This requirement is based on the known differences in sampling rates among these areas. Before estimates are published for a specific category (e.g., Hispanic unemployment in a particular State), a predetermined “critical cell” must meet a 50-percent CV requirement. As a result of this requirement, minimum bases for publication have been developed for each area. Table B-1 lists the minimum necessary base for publication of data in each of the regions, divisions, States, the District of Columbia, metropolitan areas, and cities appearing in this bulletin. Estimates are not shown when they do not meet the minimum base for the State or area listed in table B-1. In tables showing the labor force status of the population, the critical cell is the size of the labor force of the particular population group. In all other tables, the determining factor or critical cell is the size of the base of the distribution, for example, the size of total employment or unemployment for that area or population subgroup. Data are not published for any cell with a level of fewer than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent of the total for a given characteristic. An improved methodology for calculating minimum bases has been developed and incorporated in this year’s publication. Sampling error of a difference. To compute the error of a difference from the tables, an additional step is required. If, for instance, one wishes to know whether a change in the unemployment rate from one year to the next in a particular area for a particular population group is statistically significant, or whether the difference in the unemployment rate between two areas or population groups is statistically meaningful, the significance of the difference needs to be computed. (Differences between estimates for 2 consecutive years may be influenced to some extent by the redesign of the CPS concepts, questionnaire, and collection procedures, such as that which occurred in 1994.) As noted above, differences can take two general forms: (1) differences between population groups and/or geographic areas; or (2) differences for the same population group and geographic area over time. Either type of difference can be calculated using the following formula, and noting the limiting covariance assumption discussed below. SEd = (( SE12 + SE22 ) - 2C x ( SE1 x SE2 ))1/2 Using the sampling error tables Tables B-2 through B-5 provide sampling errors for use in constructing 90-percent confidence intervals (approximately 142 where: SEd SE1 SE2 C Because each State’s sample is independent, there is no measurable correlation between the two estimates and a “C” term of zero can be assured. Thus, the error of the difference is approximately 29,000. Since the actual difference (50,000) is greater than the error of the difference, it can be stated, with 90-percent confidence, that the difference in the unemployment level is attributable to factors other than sampling variability alone. = the sampling error of the difference. = the sampling error of one group or year. = the sampling error of another group or year. = the covariance (or relationship) term. The SE1 and SE2 can be found in the appropriate table of Geographic Profile for each year if the comparison is between different years, because the size of the samples and, consequently, sampling errors may differ from year to year. Values for the covariance or “C” term (for employment and unemployment) for differences between consecutive years are as follows. For labor force or employment levels, C = 0.58; for unemployment levels or rates, C = 0.37. It is important to note that these “C” terms are usable only for calculating the sampling error of a difference for over-the-year change for the same geographic area and population group. Covariance terms for the relationship between different population groups or geographic areas in this bulletin are not available. When calculating sampling errors for differences between two different population groups or geographic areas, a “C” term of zero must be assumed. The effect of this assumption is: (1) if the relationship between two groups, areas, or years (differences for nonconsecutive years) is small, the “C” term can legitimately be ignored and the sampling errors won’t be adversely affected, or (2) if there is a strong positive relationship between the two groups, areas, or years (differences for consecutive years), then the error computed without a “C” term will be overstated. This could lead one to erroneously state that a difference or change was not statistically significant when, in fact, it was. When there is a strong relationship over time for a labor force characteristic such as employment (i.e., people tend to remain employed from one year to the next), the importance of using a “C” term when calculating the sampling error of a difference over time increases greatly. The following example illustrates how to calculate a sampling error for a difference. Suppose one wished to know whether a hypothetical difference between the unemployment level of 250,000 for a particular population group in California and an unemployment level of 200,000 for the same group in New York was statistically significant at 90-percent confidence. Table B-5 gives the error for an unemployment level of 250,000 in California as approximately 23,000 and the error for an unemployment level of 200,000 in New York as 17,000. Using the formula described above without the “C” term produces the following results: Sampling errors for unemployment rates. Unemployment rates and error ranges for these rates are provided in tables 1, 12, and 23. This information can be used to derive a sampling error for an unemployment rate if one is needed. The error range is a 90-percent confidence interval around the unemployment rate. By subtracting the estimated unemployment rate from the upper bound of the range, the sampling error for that rate can be obtained. This sampling error can then be used in the above formula for computing the sampling error of a difference, or for whatever purpose the user chooses. Interpolation and extrapolation. Although sampling errors are listed for selected levels of employment and unemployment in tables B-2 through B-5, users may wish to know the sampling error for an estimate whose value is not listed. To derive such a sampling error, it is necessary to use interpolation or extrapolation. For example, in order to derive the sampling error for the 1997 total unemployment level in Tennessee, it is necessary to use interpolation because table B-5 contains no sampling error for an unemployment level estimate of 146,000. The following formula and accompanying example show how to interpolate for this estimate. SE =[[( A-G) / (F-G)] x (X-Y)] + Y where: SE =the sampling error for the estimated value. A =the estimated value (146,000). F =the table value (200,000) immediately above the estimated value. G =the table value (100,000) immediately below the estimated value. X =the sampling error of F (20,000). Y =the sampling error of G (14,000). SE =[[(146 - 100) / (200 - 100)] x (20 - 14)] + 14 SE =( 0.46 x 6 ) + 14 SE1 = 23; SE2 = 17 SE12 + SE22 = 818 SEd = (( SE12 + SE22 ))1/2 = 29 =2.8 + 14 =16.8 =17 143 If the sample-based estimate were to lie outside the boundaries of the error tables, extrapolation can be used to approximate the sampling error. The formula for extrapolation is the same as that for interpolation; however, the “F” term is the highest value in the table and the “G” term becomes the next highest value. indicate the order of magnitude of a sampling error rather than a precise sampling error for any specific item. The sampling error tables are derived from standard error equations and special parameters developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. These parameters are available upon request to the Division of Local Area Unemployment Statistics, Room 4675, 2 Massachusetts Avenue NE, Washington, DC 202120001. Telephone: (202) 606-6406. Tables B-2 through B-5 can be used for estimates pertaining to any race/ethnic group. As noted, the sampling errors are based on a generalized regression procedure and are approximate. Generally, the degree of precision in these tables is slightly greater for whites (and the total of all race/ethnic groups) than it is for blacks or Hispanics. Derivation of sampling errors The State and area sampling errors are developed using a generalized regression procedure and are not based on sample data for each individual area, population group, or labor force characteristic. As with all sampling error tables produced for CPS State and area data, a number of approximations were required in order to derive sampling errors that would apply to a wide variety of items. As a result, these sampling errors 144 Contents—Publication Standards and Sampling Error Tables Page Tables: B-1. Minimum bases required for publication of Census region and division, State, and metropolitan area data .................................................................................................................................. 147 Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level by Census region and division: B-2. Estimated employment ................................................................................................................................. 150 B-3. Estimated unemployment ............................................................................................................................. 151 Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level by State: B-4. Estimated employment ................................................................................................................................. 152 B-5. Estimated unemployment ............................................................................................................................. 154 145 Table B-1. Minimum bases required for publication of Census region and division, State, and metropolitan area data (In thousands) Minimum base State or area Employment Unemployment Northeast ............................................................................ New England .................................................................... Middle Atlantic .................................................................. 8 7 8 34 35 34 Midwest .............................................................................. East North Central ............................................................ West North Central ........................................................... 11 11 10 57 56 59 South .................................................................................. South Atlantic ................................................................... East South Central ........................................................... West South Central .......................................................... 12 11 12 12 49 54 42 44 West ................................................................................... Mountain ........................................................................... Pacific ............................................................................... 9 8 9 44 34 47 Alabama ............................................................................. Alaska ................................................................................. Arizona ............................................................................... Arkansas ............................................................................. California ............................................................................ Colorado ............................................................................. Connecticut ......................................................................... Delaware ............................................................................ District of Columbia ............................................................ Florida ................................................................................. 11 3 10 4 9 13 11 2 1 11 45 3 48 27 47 63 42 12 4 42 Georgia ............................................................................... Hawaii ................................................................................. Idaho ................................................................................... Illinois .................................................................................. Indiana ................................................................................ Iowa .................................................................................... Kansas ................................................................................ Kentucky ............................................................................. Louisiana ............................................................................ Maine .................................................................................. 10 2 3 9 13 5 7 14 10 4 73 12 11 48 88 52 39 36 34 15 Maryland ............................................................................. Massachusetts .................................................................... Michigan ............................................................................. Minnesota ........................................................................... Mississippi .......................................................................... Missouri .............................................................................. Montana .............................................................................. Nebraska ............................................................................ Nevada ............................................................................... New Hampshire .................................................................. 11 8 10 12 7 17 2 3 4 3 59 44 48 82 24 67 9 37 23 26 New Jersey ......................................................................... New Mexico ........................................................................ New York ............................................................................ North Carolina .................................................................... North Dakota ...................................................................... Ohio .................................................................................... Oklahoma ........................................................................... Oregon ................................................................................ Pennsylvania ...................................................................... Rhode Island ...................................................................... 6 4 10 10 2 13 7 7 7 2 34 14 29 62 14 47 43 32 42 12 South Carolina .................................................................... South Dakota ...................................................................... Tennessee .......................................................................... Texas .................................................................................. Utah .................................................................................... Vermont .............................................................................. Virginia ................................................................................ Washington ......................................................................... West Virginia ...................................................................... Wisconsin ........................................................................... Wyoming ............................................................................. 8 2 13 14 5 1 19 11 6 13 1 49 13 53 49 32 10 81 72 11 81 5 See footnotes at end of table. Table B-1. Minimum bases required for publication of Census region and division, State, and metropolitan area data — Continued (In thousands) Minimum base State or area Employment Unemployment 9 10 6 7 10 6 7 9 11 10 12 11 8 8 9 11 12 11 9 5 9 10 10 12 9 9 7 9 6 14 8 5 8 6 8 7 5 3 9 9 9 11 3 13 9 8 8 7 10 10 84 49 53 52 35 56 41 62 50 61 60 39 58 47 41 56 38 99 61 26 51 48 27 48 72 71 38 17 29 49 74 35 66 38 46 39 48 16 37 37 47 51 29 52 55 67 75 71 36 58 13 6 12 12 10 1 13 12 6 13 10 7 8 13 13 18 18 26 55 20 4 28 63 24 23 15 22 36 40 53 Metropolitan area:1 Atlanta MSA ........................................................................ Baltimore PMSA ................................................................. Bergen-Passaic PMSA ....................................................... Boston PMSA ..................................................................... Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ................................................. Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ..................................... Chicago PMSA ................................................................... Cincinnati PMSA ................................................................. Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ........................................... Columbus, Ohio MSA ......................................................... Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................................................... Dayton-Springfield MSA ..................................................... Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ......................................... Detroit PMSA ...................................................................... Fort Lauderdale PMSA ....................................................... Hartford MSA ...................................................................... Houston PMSA ................................................................... Indianapolis MSA ................................................................ Kansas City MSA ................................................................ Long Beach PMSA ............................................................. Louisville MSA .................................................................... Memphis MSA .................................................................... Miami PMSA ....................................................................... Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ............................................. Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA .................................................. Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ........................................................ New Orleans MSA .............................................................. New York PMSA ................................................................. Newark PMSA .................................................................... Newport News MSA ........................................................... Oakland PMSA ................................................................... Oklahoma City MSA ........................................................... Orange County PMSA ........................................................ Philadelphia PMSA ............................................................. Phoenix-Mesa MSA ............................................................ Pittsburgh MSA ................................................................... Portland-Vancouver PMSA ................................................. Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA .................................. Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ....................................... Rochester MSA .................................................................. Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................................................... St. Louis MSA ..................................................................... Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ................................................. San Antonio MSA ............................................................... San Diego MSA .................................................................. San Francisco PMSA ......................................................... San Jose PMSA ................................................................. Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA .......................................... Clearwater MSA ................................................................. Washington D.C. PMSA ..................................................... Cities: Baltimore ........................................................................... Chicago ............................................................................. Cleveland ........................................................................... Dallas ................................................................................. Detroit ................................................................................ District of Columbia ........................................................... Houston ............................................................................. Indianapolis ....................................................................... Los Angeles ....................................................................... Milwaukee .......................................................................... New York ........................................................................... Philadelphia ....................................................................... Phoenix .............................................................................. St. Louis ............................................................................. San Antonio ....................................................................... See footnotes at end of table. Table B-1. Minimum bases required for publication of Census region and division, State, and metropolitan area data — Continued (In thousands) Minimum base State or area Employment San Diego .......................................................................... San Francisco .................................................................... 9 8 Unemployment 56 64 1 All are Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA’’s) except St. Louis and those labeled Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical (PMSA’’s). The differences are discussed in Appendix C, Geographic Boundary Definitions. Table B-2. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level for estimated employment by Census region and division (In thousands) Estimated level Census region and division 10 20 25 50 100 200 250 400 800 1,000 1,500 2,000 Northeast .................................... New England ............................ Middle Atlantic .......................... 6 5 6 8 8 8 9 9 9 12 12 13 18 17 18 25 24 25 28 27 28 35 33 35 49 46 50 55 51 55 67 61 67 77 68 77 Midwest ...................................... East North Central .................... West North Central ................... 7 7 7 10 10 10 11 11 11 15 15 15 22 22 21 31 31 30 34 34 33 43 44 42 61 61 58 68 68 65 83 83 78 95 95 88 South .......................................... South Atlantic ........................... East South Central ................... West South Central .................. 7 7 7 7 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 15 15 15 16 22 21 21 22 31 30 30 31 34 34 33 35 43 43 42 44 61 60 58 62 68 67 65 69 83 81 77 84 96 93 87 95 West ........................................... Mountain ................................... Pacific ....................................... 6 6 6 8 8 8 9 9 9 13 13 13 19 18 19 26 25 27 29 28 30 37 35 38 52 49 53 58 54 59 71 65 71 81 73 82 Estimated level 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000 12,500 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 Northeast .................................... New England ............................ Middle Atlantic .......................... 85 74 85 116 87 115 137 77 133 152 – 145 163 – 151 170 – 153 176 – 143 170 – – – – – – – – – – – Midwest ...................................... East North Central .................... West North Central ................... 106 105 96 145 143 121 172 167 125 193 183 114 208 193 – 220 199 – 233 195 – 235 172 – 227 – – 206 – – – – – South .......................................... South Atlantic ........................... East South Central ................... West South Central .................. 107 103 95 105 148 141 117 139 178 165 117 157 201 183 95 164 220 194 – 163 236 202 – 152 260 204 – – 276 191 – – 285 – – – 289 – – – 286 – – – West ........................................... Mountain ................................... Pacific ....................................... 90 80 91 124 97 123 147 96 143 164 76 157 176 – 165 185 – 169 195 – 164 194 – 141 183 – – – – – – – – Table B-3. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level for estimated unemployment by Census region and division (In thousands) Estimated level Census region and division 2 5 10 20 25 50 100 200 Northeast .................................... New England ............................ Middle Atlantic .......................... 2 1 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 5 5 5 6 5 6 8 7 8 11 10 12 16 15 17 Midwest ...................................... East North Central .................... West North Central ................... 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 6 6 5 6 7 6 9 9 9 13 13 12 18 18 17 South .......................................... South Atlantic ........................... East South Central ................... West South Central .................. 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 7 7 6 7 9 9 9 9 13 13 13 13 19 19 18 19 West ........................................... Mountain ................................... Pacific ....................................... 2 1 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 6 5 6 7 5 7 9 7 10 13 10 14 19 14 20 Estimated level 250 400 600 800 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 Northeast .................................... New England ............................ Middle Atlantic .......................... 18 16 19 23 21 24 28 – 29 32 – 33 36 – 37 44 – 45 – – – – – – Midwest ...................................... East North Central .................... West North Central ................... 20 21 19 26 26 24 31 32 – 36 37 – 40 41 – 49 – – – – – – – – South .......................................... South Atlantic ........................... East South Central ................... West South Central .................. 21 21 20 21 26 26 25 26 32 32 31 32 37 37 – 37 41 41 – – 51 50 – – 58 – – – 65 – – – West ........................................... Mountain ................................... Pacific ....................................... 21 16 22 26 20 28 32 – 34 37 – 40 41 – 44 50 – 54 58 – – – – – Table B-4. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level for estimated employment by State (In thousands) Estimated level State 2 5 10 20 25 50 100 200 250 400 600 800 Alabama ..................................... Alaska ......................................... Arizona ....................................... Arkansas ..................................... California .................................... Colorado ..................................... Connecticut ................................. Delaware .................................... District of Columbia .................... Florida ......................................... 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 1 1 3 5 3 4 3 4 5 5 2 2 5 6 4 6 4 6 8 7 3 2 6 9 5 9 6 8 11 9 4 3 9 10 6 10 6 9 12 11 4 4 10 14 8 14 9 13 17 15 6 5 14 20 10 19 13 19 24 21 8 6 20 28 12 27 17 27 33 29 10 7 28 31 12 30 19 30 36 32 10 7 32 38 6 37 23 37 44 39 9 – 40 45 – 44 26 46 52 45 – – 48 51 – 49 28 53 58 50 – – 55 Georgia ....................................... Hawaii ......................................... Idaho ........................................... Illinois .......................................... Indiana ........................................ Iowa ............................................ Kansas ........................................ Kentucky ..................................... Louisiana .................................... Maine .......................................... 3 1 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 5 2 2 4 5 3 4 5 4 3 7 3 3 6 8 5 6 7 6 4 9 4 5 8 11 7 8 10 9 5 11 5 5 9 12 8 9 11 10 6 15 7 7 13 17 11 12 16 14 8 21 9 10 19 24 15 17 23 19 11 29 12 14 26 33 21 24 31 27 15 33 13 15 29 37 23 26 35 29 16 41 15 16 37 46 28 32 43 36 19 49 14 15 45 55 33 36 50 43 18 55 – – 51 61 35 39 56 48 14 Maryland ..................................... Massachusetts ............................ Michigan ..................................... Minnesota ................................... Mississippi .................................. Missouri ...................................... Montana ...................................... Nebraska .................................... Nevada ....................................... New Hampshire .......................... 3 3 3 3 2 4 1 2 2 2 5 4 5 5 4 6 2 3 3 3 7 6 7 7 5 9 3 4 4 4 10 8 9 10 7 12 4 5 6 5 11 9 10 12 8 13 5 6 6 6 15 13 15 17 11 19 6 8 9 8 21 18 21 23 16 27 9 11 12 11 30 25 29 32 22 37 11 15 17 14 33 27 32 36 24 41 12 16 18 15 41 34 40 44 29 51 12 19 21 17 49 41 49 52 33 61 8 20 23 16 55 46 55 58 36 69 – 19 22 11 New Jersey ................................. New Mexico ................................ New York .................................... North Carolina ............................ North Dakota .............................. Ohio ............................................ Oklahoma ................................... Oregon ........................................ Pennsylvania .............................. Rhode Island .............................. 2 2 3 3 1 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 4 5 2 5 4 4 4 2 5 4 6 7 3 7 5 5 5 3 7 5 9 9 4 10 7 7 8 4 8 6 10 10 5 12 8 8 8 5 11 9 14 15 6 17 11 12 12 6 15 12 19 21 9 23 16 16 17 9 21 16 27 29 10 33 22 23 24 11 24 17 30 32 11 36 24 25 26 12 30 20 38 40 8 46 30 31 33 13 36 22 46 48 – 55 35 36 40 10 41 21 53 55 – 63 38 39 46 – South Carolina ............................ South Dakota .............................. Tennessee .................................. Texas .......................................... Utah ............................................ Vermont ...................................... Virginia ........................................ Washington ................................. West Virginia .............................. Wisconsin ................................... Wyoming ..................................... 3 1 3 3 2 1 4 3 2 3 1 4 2 5 5 3 2 6 5 3 5 2 6 3 7 8 5 2 9 7 4 8 2 8 4 10 11 7 3 13 10 6 11 3 9 4 11 12 8 4 14 11 7 12 3 13 6 16 17 11 5 20 15 10 17 5 18 8 22 25 15 7 28 21 13 24 6 25 10 31 35 20 8 39 30 18 33 7 27 11 35 39 22 8 43 33 20 37 6 34 10 43 49 26 6 54 41 23 46 – 40 – 51 59 29 – 65 49 26 55 – 44 – 58 68 29 – 73 55 26 61 – Table B-4. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level for estimated employment by State — Continued (In thousands) Estimated level State 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000 12,500 15,000 Alabama ..................................... Alaska ......................................... Arizona ....................................... Arkansas ..................................... California .................................... Colorado ..................................... Connecticut ................................. Delaware .................................... District of Columbia .................... Florida ......................................... 54 – 52 28 59 62 52 – – 61 59 – 57 23 71 65 52 – – 73 58 – 56 – 81 61 43 – – 82 51 – 50 – 89 47 – – – 90 – – – – 119 – – – – 108 – – – – 136 – – – – 103 – – – – 145 – – – – – – – – – 147 – – – – – – – – – 142 – – – – – Georgia ....................................... Hawaii ......................................... Idaho ........................................... Illinois .......................................... Indiana ........................................ Iowa ............................................ Kansas ........................................ Kentucky ..................................... Louisiana .................................... Maine .......................................... 60 – – 56 67 36 39 59 51 – 70 – – 67 76 34 33 63 55 – 76 – – 74 80 20 – 59 54 – 79 – – 80 79 – – – – – 50 – – 89 – – – – – – – – – 66 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Maryland ..................................... Massachusetts ............................ Michigan ..................................... Minnesota ................................... Mississippi .................................. Missouri ...................................... Montana ...................................... Nebraska .................................... Nevada ....................................... New Hampshire .......................... 59 50 61 63 37 74 – 16 19 – 66 57 72 69 32 83 – – – – 68 61 79 69 – 86 – – – – 65 61 84 63 – 84 – – – – – – 84 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – New Jersey ................................. New Mexico ................................ New York .................................... North Carolina ............................ North Dakota .............................. Ohio ............................................ Oklahoma ................................... Oregon ........................................ Pennsylvania .............................. Rhode Island .............................. 45 – 59 60 – 70 40 41 51 – 52 – 71 69 – 82 40 41 60 – 57 – 80 75 – 92 32 34 67 – 59 – 88 78 – 98 – – 72 – 48 – 110 48 – 107 – – 81 – – – 114 – – 71 – – 64 – – – 103 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – South Carolina ............................ South Dakota .............................. Tennessee .................................. Texas .......................................... Utah ............................................ Vermont ...................................... Virginia ........................................ Washington ................................. West Virginia .............................. Wisconsin ................................... Wyoming ..................................... 46 – 63 75 27 – 80 60 – 66 – 49 – 70 90 – – 92 68 – 74 – 45 – 73 102 – – 98 71 – 76 – – – 72 112 – – 101 70 – 73 – – – – 140 – – 28 – – – – – – – 147 – – – – – – – – – – 135 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Table B-5. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level for estimated unemployment by State (In thousands) Estimated level State 2 5 10 20 25 50 100 200 250 400 600 800 1,000 Alabama ..................................... Alaska ......................................... Arizona ....................................... Arkansas ..................................... California .................................... Colorado ..................................... Connecticut ................................. Delaware .................................... District of Columbia .................... Florida ......................................... 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 1 1 3 4 2 4 3 5 4 4 2 2 4 6 2 6 4 6 5 6 3 2 5 6 3 6 5 7 6 6 – 2 6 9 – 9 7 10 9 9 – – 8 13 – 12 10 14 12 12 – – 12 18 – 17 – 20 – – – – 17 – – – – 23 – – – – 19 – – – – 29 – – – – 24 – – – – 35 – – – – – – – – – 40 – – – – – – – – – 45 – – – – – Georgia ....................................... Hawaii ......................................... Idaho ........................................... Illinois .......................................... Indiana ........................................ Iowa ............................................ Kansas ........................................ Kentucky ..................................... Louisiana .................................... Maine .......................................... 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 3 2 1 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 5 2 2 4 5 3 3 4 4 2 7 3 3 6 7 5 5 5 6 3 8 4 3 6 7 5 5 6 6 4 11 5 5 9 10 8 7 9 9 5 15 – – 13 15 10 10 12 12 – 21 – – 18 20 – – 17 17 – – – – 20 – – – – – – – – – 25 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Maryland ..................................... Massachusetts ............................ Michigan ..................................... Minnesota ................................... Mississippi .................................. Missouri ...................................... Montana ...................................... Nebraska .................................... Nevada ....................................... New Hampshire .......................... 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 2 3 3 2 3 1 2 2 2 5 4 4 4 3 5 2 3 3 2 7 5 5 6 4 6 3 4 4 3 7 6 6 7 5 7 3 4 4 4 10 8 9 10 7 10 – – 6 – 14 11 12 13 10 14 – – – – 20 15 17 – – 20 – – – – – – 19 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – New Jersey ................................. New Mexico ................................ New York .................................... North Carolina ............................ North Dakota .............................. Ohio ............................................ Oklahoma ................................... Oregon ........................................ Pennsylvania .............................. Rhode Island .............................. 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 3 1 3 2 3 3 1 4 2 4 4 2 4 3 4 4 2 5 4 5 6 – 6 5 5 6 3 6 4 6 6 – 6 5 6 6 3 8 5 8 9 – 9 8 8 9 5 11 8 12 12 – 13 11 11 12 – 15 – 17 17 – 18 – 16 17 – 17 – 19 – – 20 – – 19 – – – 23 – – 25 – – 24 – – – 28 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – South Carolina ............................ South Dakota .............................. Tennessee .................................. Texas .......................................... Utah ............................................ Vermont ...................................... Virginia ........................................ Washington ................................. West Virginia .............................. Wisconsin ................................... Wyoming ..................................... 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 3 2 1 3 3 2 3 1 4 2 5 4 3 2 5 5 2 5 1 6 2 6 6 4 2 7 7 3 6 2 6 – 7 7 4 – 8 8 4 7 – 9 – 10 10 6 – 11 11 5 10 – 12 – 14 14 – – 15 15 8 14 – – – 20 20 – – 21 21 – 20 – – – – 22 – – – – – – – – – – 28 – – – – – – – – – – 34 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Appendix C. Geographic Boundary Definitions T able C-1 of this appendix lists the States composing the Census regions and divisions for which data are published in section I. Table C-2 provides the geographic definitions of the metropolitan areas for which data are published in section III. These data for metropolitan areas reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget on June 30, 1993.1 Effective December 22, 1987, the boundary of the St. Louis metropolitan statistical area was redefined to include the part of Sullivan City in Crawford County, Missouri. This change is not reflected in the data for St. Louis shown in this bulletin, although the addition of entire counties in 1993 is reflected. adjacent communities that have a high degree of economic and social integration within that core. A Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) consists of one or more counties and meets specified size criteria—either it contains a city of at least 50,000 inhabitants, or it contains an urbanized area of at least 50,000 inhabitants, and has a total population of at least 100,000. A Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) is a metropolitan area that has a population of at least 1 million and which has been divided into two or more PMSAs (see below). The CMSA comprises the same geographic area as its constituent PMSAs. A Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area (PMSA) is a subarea within a CMSA. The designation of these sub-areas is based on specific criteria, including having a population of at least 100,000 that is at least 60 percent urban, and the support of local opinion. Areas that were designated separate metropolitan areas as of January 1, 1980, and are now part of a larger area, are designated as PMSAs unless local opinion does not support their continued separate designation for statistical purposes. Metropolitan areas The general concept of a metropolitan area (MA) is that of a core area containing a large population nucleus, together with 1 The standards were published in the Federal Register on March 30, 1990; the definitions and a complete listing of the areas were published on June 30, 1993 in OMB release 93-17. 155 Table C-2. Geographic boundaries of metropolitan areas State and area Type of area Definition Arizona Phoenix-Mesa ................................................ MSA Maricopa and Pinal Counties California Los Angeles-Long Beach .............................. Oakland ......................................................... Orange County .............................................. Riverside-San Bernardino ............................. Sacramento-Yolo ........................................... San Diego ...................................................... San Francisco ................................................ San Jose ........................................................ PMSA PMSA PMSA PMSA CMSA MSA PMSA PMSA Los Angeles County Alameda and Contra Costa Counties Orange County Riverside and San Bernardino Counties El Dorado, Placer, Sacramento, and Yolo Counties San Diego County Marin, San Francisco, and San Mateo Counties Santa Clara County Colorado Denver-Boulder-Greeley ................................ CMSA Adams, Arapahoe, Boulder, Denver, Douglas, Jefferson, and Weld Counties Connecticut Hartford .......................................................... MSA Bristol, Hartford, and New Britain cities and Avon, Berlin, Bloomfield, Farmington, Glastonbury, Granby, Manchester, Marlborough, Newington, Plainville, Rocky Hill, Simsbury, Southington, South Windsor, Suffield, West Hartford, Wethersfield, Windsor, and Windsor Locks towns in Hartford County; Barkhamsted, Harwinton, New Hartford, Plymouth, and Winchester towns in Litchfield County; Middletown city and Cromwell, Durham, East Haddam, East Hampton, Haddam, Middlefield, and Portland towns in Middlesex County; Colchester and Lebanon towns in New London County; Andover, Bolton, Columbia, Coventry, Ellington, Hebron, Mansfield, Somers, Stafford, Tolland, Vernon, and Willington towns in Tolland County; and Ashford, Chaplin, and Windham towns in Windham County District of Columbia Washington .................................................... PMSA District of Columbia; Calvert, Charles, Frederick, Montgomery, and Prince George’s Counties, Md.; Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Fredericksburg, Manassas, and Manassas Park cities, and Arlington, Clarke, Culpeper, Fairfax, Fauquier, King George, Loudoun, Prince William, Spotsylvania, Stafford, and Warren Counties, Va.; Berkeley and Jefferson Counties,W.Va. Florida Fort Lauderdale ............................................. Miami ............................................................. Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ................. PMSA PMSA MSA Broward County Miami-Dade County Hernando, Hillsborough, Pasco, and Pinellas Counties Georgia Atlanta ............................................................ MSA Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Cobb, Coweta, DeKalb, Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Paulding, Pickens, Rockdale, Spalding, and Walton Counties Illinois Chicago .......................................................... PMSA Cook, DeKalb, DuPage, Grundy, Kane, Kendall, Lake, McHenry, and Will Counties Indiana Indianapolis ................................................... MSA Boone, Hamilton, Hancock, Hendricks, Johnson, Madison, Marion, Morgan, and Shelby Counties Kentucky Louisville ........................................................ MSA Bullitt, Jefferson, and Oldham Counties, Ky.; Clark, Floyd, Harrison, and Scott Counties, Ind. Louisiana New Orleans .................................................. MSA Jefferson, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. James, St. 157 Table C-2. Geographic boundaries of metropolitan areas State and area Type of area Definition John the Baptist, and St. Tammany Parishes Maryland Baltimore ....................................................... PMSA Baltimore City and Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Carroll, Harford, Howard, and Queen Anne’s Counties Massachusetts Boston ............................................................ PMSA Taunton city and Berkley, Dighton, Mansfield, and Norton towns in Bristol County, Mass.; Beverly, Gloucester, Lynn, Newburyport, Peabody, and Salem cities and Amesbury, Danvers, Essex, Hamilton, Ipswich, Lynnfield, Manchester, Marblehead, Middleton, Nahant, Newbury, Rockport, Rowley, Salisbury, Saugus, Swampscott, Topsfield, and Wenham towns in Essex County, Mass.; Cambridge, Everett, Malden, Marlborough, Medford, Melrose, Newton, Somerville, Waltham, and Woburn cities and Acton, Arlington, Ashland, Ayer, Bedford, Belmont, Boxborough, Burlington, Carlisle, Concord, Framingham, Holliston, Hopkinton, Hudson, Lexington, Lincoln, Littleton, Maynard, Natick, North Reading, Reading, Sherborn, Shirley, Stoneham, Stow, Sudbury, Townsend, Wakefield, Watertown, Wayland, Weston, Wilmington, and Winchester towns in Middlesex County, Mass.; Quincy city and Bellingham, Braintree, Brookline, Canton, Cohasset, Dedham, Dover, Foxborough, Franklin, Holbrook, Medfield, Medway, Millis, Milton, Needham, Norfolk, Norwood, Plainville, Randolph, Sharon, Stoughton, Walpole, Wellesley, Westwood, Weymouth, and Wrentham towns in Norfolk County, Mass.; Carver, Duxbury, Hanover, Hingham, Hull, Kingston, Marshfield, Norwell, Pembroke, Plymouth, Rockland, Scituate, and Wareham towns in Plymouth County, Mass.; Boston, Chelsea, and Revere cities and Winthrop town in Suffolk County, Mass.; Berlin, Blackstone, Bolton, Harvard, Hopedale, Lancaster, Mendon, Milford, Millville, Southborough, and Upton towns in Worcester County, Mass.; and Seabrook and South Hampton towns in Rockingham County, N.H. Michigan Detroit ............................................................ PMSA Lapeer, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, St. Clair, and Wayne Counties Minnesota Minneapolis-St. Paul ...................................... MSA Anoka, Carver, Chisago, Dakota, Hennepin, Isanti, Ramsey, Scott, Sherburne, Washington, and Wright Counties, Minn.; Pierce and St. Croix Counties, Wis. Missouri Kansas City ................................................... MSA St. Louis ......................................................... MSA1 Johnson, Leavenworth, Miami, and Wyandotte Counties, Kan.; Cass, Clay, Clinton, Jackson, Lafayette, Platte, and Ray Counties, Mo. Clinton, Jersey, Madison, Monroe, and St. Clair Counties, Ill.; St. Louis city and Franklin, Jefferson, Lincoln, St. Charles, St. Louis, and Warren Counties, Mo. New Jersey Bergen-Passaic ............................................. Newark ........................................................... PMSA PMSA Bergen and Passaic Counties Essex, Morris, Sussex, Union, and Warren Counties New York Buffalo-Niagara Falls ..................................... Nassau-Suffolk .............................................. New York ........................................................ MSA PMSA PMSA Rochester ...................................................... MSA Erie and Niagara Counties Nassau and Suffolk Counties Bronx, Kings, New York, Putnam, Queens, Richmond, Rockland, and Westchester Counties Genesee, Livingston, Monroe, Ontario, Orleans, and Wayne Counties North Carolina Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill ......................... MSA Cabarrus, Gaston, Lincoln, Mecklenburg, Rowan, and Union Counties, 1 This is not the official OMB definition of the St. Louis metropolitan statistical area. Excluded is the part of Sullivan City in Crawford County, Missouri. 158 Table C-2. Geographic boundaries of metropolitan areas State and area Type of area Definition N.C.; York County, S.C. Ohio Cincinnati ....................................................... PMSA Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria ................................. Columbus ....................................................... Dayton-Springfield ......................................... PMSA MSA MSA Oklahoma Oklahoma City ............................................... MSA Canadian, Cleveland, Logan, McClain, Oklahoma, and Pottawatomie Counties Oregon Portland-Vancouver ....................................... PMSA Clackamas, Columbia, Multnomah, Washington, and Yamhill Counties, Ore.; Clark County, Wash. Pennsylvania Philadelphia ................................................... PMSA Burlington, Camden, Gloucester, and Salem Counties, N.J.; Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadephia Counties, Pa. Allegheny, Beaver, Butler, Fayette, Washington, and Westmoreland Counties Dearborn and Ohio Counties, Ind.; Boone, Campbell, Gallatin, Grant, Kenton, and Pendleton Counties, Ky.; and Brown, Clermont, Hamilton, and Warren Counties, Ohio Ashtabula, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain, and Medina Counties Delaware, Fairfield, Franklin, Licking, Madison, and Pickaway Counties Clark, Greene, Miami, and Montgomery Counties Pittsburgh ..................................................... MSA Rhode Island Providence-Fall River-Warwick ..................... MSA Attleboro and Fall River cities and North Attleboro, Rehoboth, Seekonk, Somerset, Swansea, and Westport towns in Bristol County, Mass.; Barrington, Bristol, and Warren towns in Bristol County, R.I.; Warwick city and Coventry, East Greenwich, West Greenwich, and West Warwick towns in Kent County, R.I.; Jamestown, Little Compton, and Tiverton towns in Newport County, R.I.; Central Falls, Cranston, East Providence, Pawtucket, Providence, and Woonsocket cities, and Burrillville, Cumberland, Foster, Glocester, Johnston, Lincoln, North Providence, North Smithfield, Scituate, and Smithfield in Providence County, R.I.; Charlestown, Exeter, Narragansett, North Kingstown, Richmond, and South Kingstown towns in Washington County, R.I. Tennessee Memphis ........................................................ MSA Crittenden County, Ark.; DeSoto County, Miss.; and Fayette, Shelby, and Tipton Counties, Tenn. Texas Dallas-Fort Worth .......................................... CMSA Houston ......................................................... San Antonio ................................................... PMSA MSA Collin, Dallas, Denton, Ellis, Henderson, Hood, Hunt, Johnson, Kaufman, Parker, Rockwall, and Tarrant Counties Chambers, Fort Bend, Harris, Liberty, Montgomery, and Waller Counties Bexar, Comal, Guadalupe, and Wilson Counties Utah Salt Lake City-Ogden .................................... MSA Davis, Salt Lake, and Weber Counties Virginia Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News .......... MSA Currituck County, N.C.; Chesapeake, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk, Poquoson, Portsmouth, Suffolk, Virginia Beach, and Williamsburg cities and Gloucester, Isle of Wight, James City, Mathews, and York Counties, Va. Washington Seattle-Bellevue-Everett ................................ PMSA Island, King, and Snohomish Counties Wisconsin Milwaukee-Waukesha .................................... PMSA Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Washington, and Waukesha Counties 159
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