Full text of Family Income and Expenditure in Selected Urban Communities of the West Central-Rocky Mountain Region, 1935-36 : Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. 646 : Family Expenditure, Volume II

View original document
The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
STUDY OF CONSUMER PURCHASES
URBAN SERIES
+

Fam ily Expenditure in Six Urban
Communities o f the W e st CentralRocky M ountain Region
1935-1936

Bulletin 7\lo. 646

VOLUME II

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
i n c o o p e r a t io n w i t h
WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION




UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
IS A D O R L U B IN ,

C o m m is s io n e r

S idney W. W ilcox
C h ie f S ta tis tic ia n

H ugh S. H anna
C h ie f E d ito r ia l a n d R e se a rc h

A. F. H inrichs
C h ie f E c o n o m is t

,

ST A F F FO R T H E ST U D Y OF C O N SU M E R P U R C H A SE S ; U R B A N S E R IE S

F aith M. W illiams
C h ie f C o st o f L iv in g D iv is io n

,

A. D. H. K aplan
D ire c to r

B ernard B arton , Associate Director,

for Tabulation
J. M. H adley , Associate Director,
Collection and Field Tabulations
A. C. R osander , Statistician, Tab
ular Analysis




M ildred P arten , Associate Director,

Sampling and Income Analysis

M ildred H artsough, Analyst, Ex

penditure Analysis

F orest R. H all , Regional Director in

the West Central-Rocky Mountain
Region

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Frances Perkins, Secretary
B U R E A U OF L A B O R ST A TISTIC S
Isador Lubin, Commissioner
in cooperation w ith
W O R K S PROGRESS A D M IN IS T R A T IO N

Family Income and Expenditure in Selected
Urban Communities o f the W e st Central-R ocky
M ountain Region, 1935-36

VOLUME II
Family Expenditure
+
Prepared by
A . D. H. KAPLAN, FAITH M. WILLIAMS
assisted by LENORE A . EPSTEIN

Bulletin

7sJo.

646

U N IT E D ST A T E S
G O V E R N M E N T P R IN T IN G OFFICE
W A S H IN G T O N : 1940

STUDY OF CONSUMER PURCHASES: URBAN SERIES
For sale by the Superintendent o f Documents, Washington, D . C.




Price 30 cents




CONTENTS
P reface _______________________________________________________________
C hapter I.— Introduction______________________________________________
C hapter II.— The family balance sheet_________________________________
C hapter III.— Food___________________________________________________
C hapter IV.— Home maintenance______________________________________
C hapter V.— Clothing and personal care_______________________________
C hapter VI.— Transportation__________________________________________
C hapter VII.— Minor categories of expenditure________________________
C hapter VIII.— Surplus and deficit item s______________________________
C hapter IX.— Summary_______________________________________________
T abular S ummary_____________________________________________________
A ppendix A.— Sampling procedure in the West Central-Rocky Mountain
region________________________________________________
A ppendix B.— Schedule form and glossary-------------------------------------------A ppendix C.— Communities and racial groups surveyed by the Study of
Consumer Purchases and cities covered in the Study of
Money Disbursements of Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers_______________________________________________
Appendix D.— Analysis of expenditures by families of given type, occu
pational group, and income: Rank test methods and
results________________________________________________
A ppendix E.— Variability in family expenditures_______________________
Appendix F.— Family type composition of occupational groups and occu
pational composition of family type groups____________

Page

vn
1
14
23
33
48
58
69
81
90
101

256
269
293
296
302
305

L ist o f T e x t T a b les

Chapter I
T able 1.— Distribution of adjusted family income_____________________
6
2. — Distribution of money value of current family living, by
major groups____________________________________________
8
3. — Distribution of money expenditures for current family living,
by major groups_________________________________________
11

Chapter II
T able 4.— Average money income and money expenditures for current
family living_____________________________________________
5. — Average net surplus or deficit____________________________
6. — Average net surplus or deficit, by occupational group--------7. — Average net surplus or deficit, by family type_____________




hi

14
17
20
21

IV

CONTENTS

Chapter III
T able

8.—Average expenditures for food_________________________
9.—Average money expenditures for food, by occupational group__
10. —Average money expenditures per meal per equivalent adult,
by occupational group_______________________________
11. —Average money expenditures for food, by family type____
12. —Average money expenditures per meal per equivalent adult,
by family type____________________________________

Page

25
28
29
30
31

Chapter IV
T able

13.—Average expenditures for home maintenance______________
14. —Percentage of families reporting home ownership________
15. —Average money expenditures for household operation____
16. —Average expenditures for housing, by occupational group_
17. —Average expenditures for home maintenance, by occupational
group_____________________________________________
18. —Average expenditures for housing, by family type_______
19. —Average expenditures for home maintenance, by family type_

34
37
39
42
44
45

Chapter V
T able

20.—Average money expenditures for clothing and personal care__
21. —Average money expenditures for clothing and personal care,
by occupational group___________________________
22. —Average annual money expenditures of husbands and wives
for clothing, by occupational group____________________
23. —Average money expenditures for clothing and personal care,
by family type_____________________________________
24. —Average annual money expenditures of husbands and wives
for clothing, by family type__________________________

49
52
53
55
56

Chapter VI
T able

25.—Average money expenditures for transportation, percentage
of families reporting automobile operation, and average
expenditure for automobile operation per operating family.
26. —Average money expenditures for transportation, by occupa
tional group_______________________________________
27. —Average money expenditures for automobile operation per
family reporting expenditure, by occupationalgroup_____
28. —Average money expenditures for transportation, by family
type--------------------------------------------------------------------29. —Average money expenditures for automobile operation per
family reporting expenditure, by family type__________

61
63
64
66
67

Chapter VII
T able

30.—Average money expenditures for the minor categories______
70
31. —Distribution of money expenditures of Denver families for
medical care_______________________________________ 73
32. —Distribution of money expenditures for contributions and
personal taxes_____________________________________
77




46

CONTENTS

Chapter VIII
T able

33.—Surplus items: Average amount of change in 1 year, 1935-36._
34. —Average insurance premiums paid by families in the large
cities as a percentage of money income and of all surplus
items_____________________________________________
35. —Deficit items: Average amount ofchange in 1 year, 1935-36._
36. —Increases and decreases in amounts due on installment pur
chases reported among families in the Rocky Mountain
region____________________________________________

V

Page

82
83
85
87

Chapter IX
T able

37.—Percentage distribution of families in the large cities, accord
ing to money value of current family living_____________ 91
38. —Average expenditures for food, housing, and clothing, com
bined, and for automobiles, recreation, and household help,
combined__________________________________________ 93
39. —Percentage distributionof adjusted family income________ 99

List of Figures

Figure 1.—Family types for expenditure study______________________
2. —Food as a percentage of total money expenditures at selected
income levels, 1935-36_______________________________
3. —Transportation as a percentage of total money expenditures,
at selected income levels, 1935-36_____________________
4. —Source and disposition of funds used for family living, in one
year, at selected income levels, Omaha-Councii Bluffs,
1935-36___________________________________________
5. —Relative changes in specified categories of expenditure with
changes in income, Denver, 1935-36__________________
6. —Relative changes in specified categories of expenditure with
changes in income, Denver, 1935-36___________________




4
24
60
88
97
98




PREFACE

This analysis of family expenditures forms volume II of the Urban
Series in the Study of Consumer Purchases in the West Central and
Rocky Mountain region. Volume I dealt with the incomes received
by families in the seven cities covered in this region. It provided
the background for the present section, which is a study of the manner
in which the family incomes were spent.
This survey was part of an investigation conducted in 1936 by the
United States Bureau of Labor Statistics in 32 cities varying in size,
and representing different sections of the country. It was paralleled
by a study of small city, village, and farm families conducted by the
Bureau of Home Economics of the United States Department of
Agriculture. Both surveys, which together constitute the Study of
Consumer Purchases, were administered under a grant of funds from
the Works Progress Administration. The National Resources Com
mittee and the Central Statistical Board cooperated in the Nation
wide study. The plans for the project were developed and the
administration was coordinated by a technical committee composed
of representatives of the following agencies: National Resources
Committee, Hildegarde Kneeland, chairman; Bureau of Labor
Statistics, Faith M. Williams; Bureau of Home Economics, Day
Monroe; Works Progress Administration, Milton Forster; and Central
Statistical Board, Samuel J. Dennis.
The present investigation differs from any previously undertaken
in that it represents the first effort to study the incomes and expendi
tures of all strata of the community simultaneously. Past studies of
family consumption have generally been confined to a limited income
and occupational group, or to a particular locality. Such isolated
studies did not throw light on the relative position occupied by the
particular group under investigation in the population as a whole.
They did not reveal how habits of family expenditure in one group in
the population differed from those of families in other occupational
groups or income classes.
The present report on family expenditures compares consumption
patterns in two large cities and four cities of medium size in adjacent
regions. It covers a wide range of family incomes, from those just
above relief level to incomes of more than $7,500. It was planned,
moreover, to supply a sample that would allow for comparison among




V II

VIII

PREFACE

different occupational groups and among families of varying composi
tion.
The analysis of family expenditures in the following pages indicates
that differences in income have a predominant influence on family
patterns of spending and saving. At any given income level there
are, of course, wide variations in the outlays of individual families.
In part, these variations reflect differing patterns of expenditure due
to differences in the number and age of family members, which have
an important effect on the amounts spent at given income levels for
food, clothing, education, and transportation other than by auto
mobile, as well as upon the amount of money given to persons outside
of the family group, or to charitable and religious institutions. The
composition of the family also has a material effect ©n the amount of
savings at any given income level. The occupation from which a
family receives the major part of its earnings apparently has relatively
little bearing on family expenditures other than for housing and
household operation. Family expenditures for bousing and trans
portation other than by automobile all appear to be directly related
to city size. Family expenditures for clothing and certain minor
categories at any given income level, however, are lower among
families in the larger cities than among those in the smaller communi
ties covered in the present report.
The ensuing report will attempt to indicate the answers to questions
toward which the investigation was directed. For example, as we
move up the income scale, which categories of expenditure rise with
greatest regularity? Which are most irregular? How do these
changes in expenditures vary as between smaller and larger or younger
and older families, or let us say, between the wage-earner and profes
sional groups? At what income level do families definitely enter the
market, or withdraw from the market, for particular kinds of goods
and services? Which are relatively urgent items in the family budget,
which assume the behavior of luxuries? Are there generalized differ
ences in the expenditures of families in large and middle-sized cities
in the same region? Are there more similiarities or more differences
in the expenditure patterns of families in cities of the same size in
adjacent regions?
It is hoped that consideration given to questions like these may
have a bearing on such problems as the establishment of wage scales;
the development of family budgets; estimates of national consump
tion; the relative taxability of successive income strata in the com
munity; the feasibility of current marketing; programs and, in the
large, the problem of keeping production in balance with consumption.
The Bureau of Labor Statistics wishes to acknowledge the assist
ance received from interested individuals and civic bodies, both
within and outside the Government, in addition to the agencies men-




IX

PREFACE

tioned above. Particular acknowledgment is due to two groups
whose collaboration must be recognized as having made these studies
possible: The W. P. A. workers who performed the field collection
and office tabulation of the data, and the members of the households
interviewed, who contributed the time and effort required to answer
the detailed questions in the schedules.
In view of the fact that responsibility for certain parts of this survey
was shared by persons outside the regular staff of the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, the Bureau takes pleasure in acknowledging the services of
Guy W. Warner and Jesse R. Wood, Jr., associate regional supervisors
in the West Central-Rocky Mountain cities; Ethel Cauman, who
served as check editor; and the following persons who served as super
visors in the various cities: Joseph D. Iskow and Stanley L. Payne,
Denver; William S. Parkinson, Omaha; Rose C. Bresnahan, Butte;
Gene H. Harris, Dubuque; William H. Bunning, Pueblo; Robert
G. H. Tallman, Springfield.
Acknowledgment is also made to Frances W. Valentine, Jesse R.
Wood, Jr., and William Loudon, who were in charge of computation
and tables; Joseph A. Smith, in charge of machine tabulation; Dorothy
McCamman, who served as chief check editor; Marie Bloch, Ethel
Cauman, and Verna Mae Feuerhelm, who were in charge of editing
and review.
I sador L ubin ,

M ay 1939.




Commissioner of Labor Statistics.




Bulletin TSj[o. 646 (Vol. II) of tke
U nited States Bureau of Labor Statistics
Family Expenditure in Six Urban Communities
o f the W e st C entral-R ocky M ountain Region,

1935-36

Chapter I
Introduction

The analysis of the family income and expenditure data obtained
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in the Study of Consumer Purchases
is divided into three parts. The first part (vol. I of this bulletin)
shows the distribution of families by income class, occupation, family
type, nativity, and home tenure. The second and third parts of the
analysis both are concerned with data on expenditures for current
family living. The present volume represents the second stage in the
analysis of the data collected in six cities in the West Central-Rocky
Mountain region. The analysis will be confined mainly to a considera
tion of the size and relative importance of expenditures for the main
categories of current living, with only incidental reference to the con
stituent items in these categories. As in volume I, variations asso
ciated with income, occupation, and family type are of primary con
cern. The third part of the analysis involves a study of the detailed
items included in each major group, and will take the form of special
reports on commodities and services that will appear later as bulletin
No. 648.
The expenditure data presented in this volume are for Omaha,
Nebr.1, Denver, Colo., Dubuque, Iowa, Springfield, Mo., Pueblo,
Colo., and Butte, Mont.2 Data for the two large cities, Omaha and
Denver, are shown separately, but those for Dubuque and Springfield are combined to form one unit for middle-sized cities in the West
Central area, and those for Butte and Pueblo are likewise analyzed
together to represent middle-sized cities in the Rocky Mountain area.
These six communities represent the Rocky Mountain region with
its mining and industrial make-up, on the one hand, and the West
1 Combined with the neighboring city, Council Bluffs, Iowa, to represent one community, since Omaha
and Council Bluffs form one metropolitan area. Generally in the discussion, Omaha will be used to desig

nate the combined cities. In the text tables, however, the full designation, Omaha-Council Bluffs, will be
used.
3 Vol. I presented income data for these cities and also for a smaller city, Billings, Mont. Expenditure
data for Billings will be published by the Bureau of Home Economics. See appendix C for a complete list
of communities covered by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Bureau of Home Economics.




1

2

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Central Plains area with its agricultural and trading centers, on the
other. Differences between the mountain cities, however, are as
great as or greater than the interregional differences. Denver is the
capitol of Colorado, the commercial center for a large region, and the
seat of three important educational institutions. Omaha-Council
Bluffs constitutes an important trade center. As a financial and in
surance city and as the location of several government agencies,
Omaha provides employment for many clerical workers. Slaughter
ing, meat packing, the processing of dairy products, and machine
shops are important industries in both these large cities. Dubuque,
on the Mississippi River, is a manufacturing town, but economic
conditions were poor in 1935-36, with many plants running on re
duced forces and several closed down completely. Springfield, Mo.,
as the largest city in the Ozarks, is the distributing center for an
extensive area. Butte, located in the heart of the Rocky Mountain
area, is a mining town; the livelihood of the entire population is either
directly or indirectly bound up with the extraction of copper and other
ores. Pueblo is an industrial town, with concentration on steel pro
duction and railroad industries.
The survey of family expenditures was intended to show primarily
the way in which expenditures vary with income and certain other
characteristics of the family. It was, therefore, limited to white
families that included a husband and wife, both native bom, and that
received no relief during the year.3
The samples of families whose expenditures were studied in the
West Central-Rocky Mountain region were further restricted by
excluding all families with incomes under $500 in the large cities
and under $250 in the middle-sized cities, as well as those with no
gainfully occupied members, and by limiting the occupational groups
represented in the lower and the upper portions of the income scale.4
The collection of expenditure schedules was confined to five family
types, eliminating thereby the least frequent types and most of the
largest families in the community. The types included, which are
3 The purpose of these qualifications was to eliminate as far as possible factors of economic stress, broken
family ties, racial characteristics, and alien customs, which might tend to obscure the relationship of income,
occupation, and family type to family expenditure patterns. Since native-born white families greatly out
numbered all other national groups in the West Central-Rocky Mountain communities, it seemed wise to
confine the restricted resources available for the survey to a study of the expenditures of these relatively
homogeneous groups. The proportion of foreign-born white families (those in which either or both the hus
band and wife were born abroad) ranged from 2 percent in Springfield to 39 percent in Butte. Denver and
Pueblo fell midway between these extremes with 17 percent in the foreign group. Except in Pueblo, Negro
and other racial groups were relatively infrequent in this region, comprising less than 4 percent of all families.
In Pueblo, where 8 percent were classified in this category, more than half were Mexicans and the others
Negroes.
* Among families in the large cities, all occupational groups were represented in the income classes between
$1,250 and $3,000; only business and professional families, at the income levels above $3,000; only wage
earners between $500 and $750; and only wage-earner and clerical families between $750 and $1,250. Among
families in the middle-sized cities, all occupational groups were included at the income levels between
$1,000 and $2,500; only business and professional, above $2,500; only wage earners between $250 and $500;
and only wage-earner and clerical families between $500 and $1,000.




INTRODUCTION

3

shown pictorially in figure 1, may be described in terms of the number
and age of members other than husband and wife, as follows:
Type

I
II
III
IV
V

No other person (families of two).
One child under 16 (families of three).
Two children under 16 (families of four).
One person 16 or over and one or no other person, regardless of
age (families of three or four).
One child under 16, one person 16 or over, and one or two
others, regardless of age (families of four or five).

Since families of these five types included 85 to 90 percent of the
nonrelief native white complete families, it is probable that the
omission of the other families did not materially affect the results.6
When all families were taken into consideration, it was found that
incomes for the year 1935-36 6 averaged highest in Omaha and
lowest in Dubuque-Springfield. Approximately half of the Omaha
families had incomes under $1,375, while the incomes of about half
the families in Denver fell below $1,280, half those in Butte-Pueblo
below $1,180, and half those in Dubuque-Springfield below $1,000.7
In Omaha, about one-third of the families reported current incomes
of less than $1,000, two-fifths between $1,000 and $2,000, 18 percent
between $2,000 and $3,000, and slightly less than 10 percent had
incomes over $3,000. In Denver, a somewhat larger percentage
fell in the first group, a smaller percentage in the second, while 16
percent had incomes between $2,000 and $3,000, and 11 percent
had over $3,000. In the West Central middle-sized cities, half the
families had incomes under $1,000, more than one-third fell between
$1,000 and $2,000, and less than 5 percent had incomes of over
$3,000. In the Rocky Mountain middle-sized cities, about 43 per
cent of the families fell in the lowest bracket, 38 percent between
$1,000 and $2,000, and 6 percent had incomes over $3,000.
The various limitations that were imposed in the selection of fami
lies eligible for the expenditure study resulted in samples each of
which showed a very different income distribution from that for the
communities as a whole. Approximately one-half the families rep
resented in the part of the Study that deals with consumer expendi
tures had incomes below $1,745 in Omaha and below $1,785 in
Denver. Among families in the West Central middle-sized cities,
8Certain other minor eligibility requirements were imposed to eliminate families whose living patterns
are not adapted to statistical analysis. See appendix A, on .sampling, for a complete list of the eligibility

requirements.
• The report year covered a 12-month period ending not earlier than Dec. 31, 1935, and not later than
N ov. 30, 1936. Less than 8 percent of the schedules in any of the cities were collected for a year ending
later than Aug. 31, 1936.
Median incomes were almost identical in Dubuque and Springfield, but for the Rocky Mountain mid
dle-sized city unit varied from $1,023 in Pueblo to $1,414 in Butte. In the wake of the strong organization
of metal and coal miners in the Butte area, workers in almost all types of gainful employment in Butte
work under union conditions.

7




WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

4
FIG. I

FAMILY TYPES

FOR EXPENDITURE STUDY

TYPE III

TYPE IV

MEMBERS REQUIRED FOR TYPE

TYPE V

MEMBER REQUIRED FOR TYPE,
BUT AGE ALTERNATIVE

%«1 t» MEMBER
€>

UNITED S TA TE S BUREAU OF LABOR




S T A T IS T IC S

d

OPTIONAL FOR TYPE

AGE ALTERNATIVE

INTRODUCTION

5

half were found in income groups below $1,355; among those in the
Rocky Mountain middle-sized city unit, half below $1,610.8
The expenditure schedule used in the Study of Consumer Purchases
provided for recording information on family expenditures classified
under 16 categories, varying in urgency from food and shelter to
recreation, gifts, and minor items of a miscellaneous character. The
schedule contained information also on such matters as the size and
facilities of dwellings occupied, and on the ownership of automobiles
and household equipment, including radios, phonographs, mechanical
refrigerators, washing machines, and vacuum cleaners. In addition,
account was taken of transactions during the report year that in
creased or decreased the family assets or liabilities.9
Expenditure data covering the year 1935-36 were collected from
4,800 urban families in the West Central-Rocky Mountain region.10
They showed that as family income increases, the amounts spent for
each important category of consumption goods and services increases.
The relative increase with income in expenditures for the different
groups of items is not the same, however.11 On the one hand, while
more was spent for food and home maintenance by families with high
than with low incomes, these two important categories declined in
relative importance at the higher income levels. Outlays for contri
butions and personal taxes, on the other hand, received a steadily
increasing share of income. All the other major consumption cate
gories except medical care increased in relative importance over a
8 Since the eligibility requirements operated to eliminate families that in general occupied a less favorable
economic position than did nonrelief, native white, complete families, average expenditures for all families
in the cities studied have not been calculated from the data collected. Instead, the purpose of the Study
is to show how the families selected for study apportion their expenditures at different income levels, and
how such apportionment is influenced by occupational classification and family size and age composition.
» See glossary, appendix B, for definitions of the various categories of expenditure and the items included
under each.
Expenditure schedules were collected from 1,023 families in Omaha, 1,346 in Denver, 1,244 in DubuqueSpringfield, and 1,187 in Butte-Pueblo. Approximately the same number of families in Dubuque and
Springfield supplied expenditure schedules. Almost three-fifths of the schedules collected in the Rocky
Mountain city unit, however, were taken in Pueblo.
Each of these four groups of families constituted a sample composed as nearly as possible of the same num
ber in each income class, within each family type and occupational group. Since the method of collection,
by design, failed to preserve the proportions of the several groups that were found in the population of
families eligible to furnish expenditure schedules, it was necessary to use the proportions obtained in the
eligible sample as weights for all averages that represented combinations of occupational groups, of family
types, or of income classes. See appendix A for a description of the method of sampling.
11 While the present study represents an investigation of differences in expenditure patterns of families
at different income levels, it provides inferential though not direct evidence on how any given group of
families would alter the apportionment of their spending if their incomes were raised or lowered. Thus, it is
convenient to express differences in expenditures among families at different economic levels as relative
changes with income. The relative increase over the income range in the outlay for a given category provides
an indication of the “elasticity” of expenditures for that category. Elasticity may be measured in terms of
the percentage increase over a given income range in average outlay for the category (as in ch. IX ), or it may
be indicated by a comparison of the increase in average expenditures for the category in question with the
increase in income or in total expenditures. Since the expenditure base has generally been used in the
distribution of family expenditures, it has been convenient throughout the greater part of the report to
speak of expenditures for specific groups of items as being relatively elastic or inelastic, according to whether
amounts spent constituted an increasing or decreasing proportion of total expenditures. It will be apparent
from tables 1,2, and 3, that the elasticity of any category is much lower when computed in relation to income
rather than to expenditures, because of the influence of deficits at the lower economic levels, and of savings
in the upper portion of the income scale.




6

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

large portion of the income scale, but, above a certain level, received
a constant or declining share of income.
The demand for food and home maintenance is so urgent that
families in the large cities, at the income level $500 to $750, had less
than 10 percent of their current incomes remaining after making their
expenditures for these groups of items alone. Families in the smaller
communities that received incomes of $250 to $500 spent at least 20
percent more than their incomes for these necessities. (See table 1.)
The total expenditures of families at the lowest income level studied
in Denver and Omaha exceeded their incomes by more than 20 per
cent; those of families with incomes of $250 to $500 in the middlesized communities, by more than 50 percent.12 Average net deficits
declined rapidly at succeeding income levels. At the median income
level for the families covered in the expenditure survey in each of the
city units, aggregate surpluses began to exceed aggregate deficits.13
At succeeding income levels, the families reported average net surpluses
that rose rapidly in relation to income, to approximately 25 percent
for families with incomes of $7,500 and more in the large cities.
T able

1 .—Distribution of adjusted family income 1
Percentage of total adjusted income *

Income class

Aver
Value of current family living *
age
total
ad
Contri
Net
justed
Home Cloth
sur
and Trans Med butions
and
income Total Food main ingper
Other
plus
4
porta ical per items
te
tion care sonal
nance sonal
care
taxes
OM AHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS

$500-$749............................. .
$750-$999...........................
$1,000-$1,249.........................
$1,250-$1,499........................
$1,500-$1,749.....................
$1,750-$1,999..................... .
$2,000-$2,249—......................
$2,250~$2,499.........................
$2,500-12,999.........................
$3,000-$3,499.........................
$3,500-$3,999.........................
$4,000-$4,999..................... .
$5,000-$7,499........................
$7,500 and over,..................

$699
907
1,152
1, 391
1, 636
1,861
2,118
2,386
2,733
3,224
3, 751
4,504
5,659
10, 793

129.3
108.6
106.8
103.0
97.6
96.3
93.5
89.6
88.5
89.2
87.0
83.8
86.2
74.5

45.6
38.7
36.0
32.9
29.4
28.3
26.2
23.9
23.4
20.9
19.2
18.7
18.1
13.4

46.4
38.4
39.3
37.1
36.3
34.5
32.7
31.4
30.0
30.5
28.7
29.0
25.6
21.3

7.6
10.6
10.9
10.8
10.9
11.3
11.0
10.9
11.7
12.2
11.1
10.5
13.3
10.2

5.0
7.5
7.4
8.6
7.3
8.8
10.1
8.7
8.9
9.2
9.1
8.9
12.0
10.2

11.4
5.1
4.9
4.7
3.9
4.8
4.3
5.0
4.0
4.2
4.6
5.1
3.9
2.5

1.6
1.8
2.3
2.8
3.3
2.6
3.1
3.9
4.4
4.4
7.4
4.8
5.7
10.1

11.7 8 26. 3
6.5 87. 0
6.0 85. 7
6.1 82.0
6.5
2.7
6.0
3.8
6.1
6.5
5.8 10.8
6.1 12.1
7.8 11.3
6.9
7.7
6.8 16.6
7.6 13.4
6.8 25.6

S ee fo o tn o te s a t en d o f ta b le .

While the term expenditure is used, it must be recognized that although part of this deficit was met by
withdrawals from past savings, part of it accrued in the form of unpaid bills and other obligations.
is Butte-Pueblo families, it should be noted, spent slightly more than their current incomes, on the average,
at the $1,750 to $2,000 income level. In general, families studied in this city unit spent more in relation to
their incomes than families in the other cities in this region. This may be accounted for partly in terms of
relatively high living costs in Butte. According to the Works Progress Administration study of the annual
cost of a maintenance standard of living for four-person manual worker’s families in 59 cities, it appears that
families in Butte had a total cost of living 4.4 percent above the average for families in other cities in the
same size group. Moreover, the cost of living reported for Butte was higher than the averages for all larger
cities except those with populations of 500,000 and more. See Works Progress Administration, Research
Monograph X II, Intercity Differences in Costs of Living in March 1935, 59 Cities, Washington, 1937,
appendix B.




7

INTRODUCTION
T abl e 1. —Distribution of adjusted family income— Continued
Percentage of total adjusted income
Income class

Aver
Value of current family living
age
total
ad
justed
Home Cloth
and Trans Med
income Total Food main ingper
porta ical
te
tion care
nance sonal
care

Contri
Net
sur
butions
and Other plus
per items
sonal
taxes

D EN V E R
$500-$749__.......................
$750-$999_.............................
$1,000-$1,249..... ..................
$1,250-$1,499____________
$1,500-$1,749____________
$1,750-$1,999____________
$2,000-$2,249____________
$2,250-$2,499____________
$2,500-$2,999____________
$3,000-$3,499____________
$3,500-$3,999____________
$4,000-$4,999____________
$5,000-$7,499____________
$7,500 and over. _ .......... .

$669
892
1,144
1,398
1,633
1,880
2,128
2,387
2,740
3, 245
3,745
4,460
5,939
10, 355

122.1
109.2
104.2
105.2
103.0
97.6
98.5
93.0
91.8
88.4
91.0
82.8
81.8
76.4

47.6
38.1
35.5
31.5
30.4
27.4
26.4
24.5
23.1
21.4
19.7
18.8
16.8
12.7

46.7
39.9
34.2
33.3
31.8
32.8
32.5
29.5
28.6
29.8
28.3
26.9
25.2
24.4

9.4
10.5
11.6
12.1
12.6
11.5
11.7
11.8
12.1
11.7
12.1
11.8
11.8
9.6

7.6
8.5
9.3
11.7
12.3
10.4
12.4
11.8
12.5
9.9
11.7
8.9
9.4
8.0

4.9
4.4
4.8
6.7
6.6
5.7
5.2
4.6
4.4
3.7
6.6
4.0
4.0
3.3

1.3
1.9
2.3
2.7
2.6
3.1
3.8
3.8
4.3
4.8
5.0
5.1
5.8
11.0

4.6 «19.9
5.9 *8.2
6.5 83.6
7.2 84.1
6.7 82.1
6.7
3.5
2.0
6.5
7.0
7.1
6.8 8.2
7.1 11.8
7.6 10.0
7.3 17.7
8.8 18.6
7.4 23.6

5.5
4.0
5.0
4.4
3.7
5.1
4.6
5.3
3.5
3.8
3.3
4.4
2.9
3.3

2.0
1.9
2.4
2.4
3.2
3.4
3.4
4.2
4.2
5.6
5.2
5.2
7.2
6.8

8.4 8 50.7
5.0 8 13.0
5.9 8 4.9
5.6
.1
5.5
2.5
3.9
6.7
5.8
7.8
6.4 8.1
5.8 13.7
6.6 9.6
6.5 16.9
7.4 20.5
6.4 21.3
5.0 35.7

1.5
2.0
1.8
2.3
2.4
2.7
3.5
3.7
3.7
4.6
5.9
5.8
5.7
10.3

7.4
7.8
6.7
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.7
7.9
6.9
8.0
7. ]
8.6
7.9
8.8

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250--$499_______________
$500-$749_______________
$750-$j969_______________
$] ,000-$l,249____________
$1,250-$1,499____________
$1,500-$1,749____________
$1,750-$1,999____________
$2,000-$2,249____________
$2,250-$2,499____________
$2,500-$2,999____________
$3,000-$3,499____________
$3,500-$3,999____________
$4,000-$4,999____________
$5,000 and over__________

$454
646
882
1,150
1,378
1, 631
1,870
2,132
2,401
2,749
3, 234
3, 739
4,430
7,036

152.0
113.9
105.7
100.4
98.0
96.6
92.6
91.6
86.1
; 90.8
82.7
78.3
77.9
64.8

61.2
45.8
41.9
36.1
33.2
30.1
27.9
25.0
25.3
22.3
20.4
17.7
16.7
13.3

57.9
42.5
35.0
33.7
33.4
31.1
30.5
29.0
27.7
29.6
27.3
24.1
26.1
20.3

13.2
9.6
11.0
11.1
11.2
11.4
11.2
12.3
10.7
11.5
11.4
11.4
11.4
8.4

3.8
5.1
4.5
7.1
7.8
8.8
9.2
9.4
8.9
11.4
8.6
8.1
7.2
7.7

ROCKY M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499...............................
$500-$749_______________
$750-$999_______________
$1,000-$1,249_______ ____
$1,250-$1,499____________
$1,500-$1,749____________
$1,750-$1,999____________
$2,000-$2,249____________
$2,250-$2,499____________
$2,500-$2,999________
$3,000-$3,499____________
$3,500-$3,999____________
$4,000-$4,999____________
$5,000 and over__________

$457
683
895
1,149
1, 394
1, 632
1,889
2,136
2, 385
2, 763
3,197
3, 751
4, 402
7,503

160.4
130.5
117.5
112.0
108.2
98.3
101.4
97.3
93.5
96.0
88.1
87.6
86.2
72.1

70.5
48.5
44.7
37.3
35.9
30.7
30.8
27.2
26.5
24.2
21.2
19.2
18.4
14.3

53.6
43.0
37.7
34.6
32.7
30.1
32.3
28.3
28.5
30.8
29.6
27.8
26.1
19.6

15.1
14.1
12.2
13.1
12.6
11.6
12.8
12.3
12.4
13.6
12.1
11.9
13.4
9.5

3.1
9.5
7.3
12.2
11.1
11.1
10.4
12.7
10.8
11.1
7.9
11.4
10.1
7.0

9.2
5.6
7.1
5.8
6.7
5.2
4.9
5.2
4.7
3.7
4.3
2.9
4.6
2.6

8 57.1
8 28.0
815.3
8 10.0
8 7.2
2.4
« .9
3.1
7.1
5.0
12.1
13.2
13.8
27.7

1 The adjusted family income figures used in this table are based on the schedules of the families covered in
the expenditure survey. They represent total family income as used in the income classification; money
income plus imputed income from owned home and rent received as gift or pay, and in addition the value of
food and fuel obtained without money expense. See bull. No. 646, vol. I, for the average income for each
income class as shown by the family schedules. The difference between the aggregate income of families
of types I through V, as obtained from the family schedules, and aggregate income for families of these types
calculated on the basis of the figures received from the families providing expenditure schedules including
the value of food and fuel obtained without money expense is 0.4 percent for Denver and 1.1 percent for
Omaha. (Data for “eligible” families only were used for the comparison. See appendix A.)
2 The value of current family living plus surplus (or minus deficit) does not equal exactly 100 percent of
adjusted family income because of the net balancing difference; see glossary, appendix B, and Tabular
Summary, table 1.
3 See table 2, footnotes 1 through 5, for definitions of the categories included in the value of current family
living.
4 Net surplus represents the excess of average money income over average current money expenditure; see
ch. II.
8 Deficit.
125019°—40---- 2




WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

8

The level at which a family lives in any given year depends not only
upon its current income, its past savings, and its credit standing,
but also upon goods and services received without money expense.
The most important of these nonmoney items for most families is the
unpaid services of the housewife, but it is so difficult to secure an ade
quate evaluation of these services that this factor in family income
was omitted from this survey. It was possible, however, to secure
data on the value of housing received by home owners from their
previous investment in their homes, of housing received as gift or
pay, and of food and fuel received without money expense.14 The
data given in table 1 include all these nonmoney items in the figure
given for total income, and in the appropriate categories under the
heading “money value of current family living” 15 as a percentage of
total income. It is of considerable interest, however, to follow average
consumption patterns at successive income levels without regard to
the source of the funds used, and without regard to savings. Table
2 shows expenditures for the major categories as a percentage of total
expenditures for current family living, and emphasizes the changes in
spending patterns which follow changes in income status.
T able

2.

—Distribution of money value of current family living, by major groups

Income class

Percentage of money value of current family living
Average
money .
value of
Contri
Home Clothing Trans
current
butions, Other
family Food 3 mainte and per porta Medical
care
items ®
personal
living i
nance 3 sonal care tion *
taxes *
OM AHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS

$500-$749.............................$750-$999_____ ___________
$1,000-$1,249_____________
$1,250-$1,499_____________
$1,500-$1,749_____________
$1,750-$1,999_____________
$2,000-$2,249_____________
$2,250-$2,499_____________
$2,500-$2,999_____________
$3,000-$3,499_____________
$3,500-$3,999_____________
$4,000-$4,999_____________
$5,000-$7,499_____________
$7,500 and over___________

$904
986
1,230
1,434
1,596
1,792
1,981
2,138
2,418
2,876
3,263
3, 775
4,880
8,068

35.3
35.6
33.7
32.0
30.1
29.4
28.0
26.8
26.4
23.4
22.1
22.3
21.1
18.0

35.8
35.4
36.8
36.1
37.1
35.8
34.9
35.0
33.8
34.2
33.0
34.5
29.6
28.6

5.9
9.8
10.2
10.5
11.2
11.8
11.8
12.1
13.3
13.6
12.8
12.6
15.4
13.8

3.9
6.9
6.9
8.3
7.5
9.1
10.8
9.7
10.1
10.4
10.5
10.6
13.9
13.6

8.8
4.7
4.6
4.5
4.0
5.0
4.7
5.5
4.5
4.7
5.2
6.2
4.5
3.3

1.2
1.6
2.2
2.7
3.4
2.7
3.3
4.4
5.0
5.0
8.5
5.7
6.6
13.6

9.1
6.0
5.6
5.9
6.7
6.2
6.5
6.5
6.9
8.7
7.9
8.1
8.9
9.1

See footnotes at end of table.
n For method of calculating the value of these items see p. 283, for housing received from owned homes;
p. 280 for food raised in home gardens and food received as gift or wages; and p. 284 for fuel received without
money expense.
Throughout the bulletin the term “expenditures” is used to include both money expenditures and the
estimated money value of certain items obtained without money outlay during the year. The terms “total
expenditures for current family living” and “money value of current family living” are thus synonymous
and will be used interchangeably. Since nonmoney items of consumption have been recorded only for
housing, fuel, and food, money expenditures for all other categories represent the only measure of family
consumption of those categories.




9

INTRODUCTION
T

able

2.

—Distribution of money value of current family living, by major groups—
Continued
Percentage of money value of current family living
Average
money
value of
Contri
current
Home Clothing Trans
butions, Other
family Food mainte and per porta Medical
care personal items
living
nance sonal care tion
taxes

Income class

D EN VER
$500-$749____ ____________
$750-$999________________
$1,000~$1,249_____________
$1,250-$1,499_____________
$1,500-$1,749_____________
$1,750-$1,999_____________
$2,000-$2,249_____________
$2,250-$2,499_____________
$2,500~$2,999_______ _____
$3,000-$3,499_____________
$3,500-$3,999_____________
$4,000-$4,999_____________
$5,000-$7,499_____________
$7,500 and over___________

$817
975
1,190
1,470
1,682
1,834
2,097
2,220
2, 515
2,870
3,408
3,694
4,859
7,913

38.9
34.9
34.0
30.0
29.5
28.0
26.8
26.3
25.1
24.2
21.6
22.8
20.6
16.5

38.2
36.5
32.9
31.7
30.9
33.7
32.9
31.8
31.2
33.8
31.1
32.4
30.8
31.8

7.7
9.7
11.2
11.5
12.2
11.2
11.9
12.7
13.2
13.2
13.3
14.2
14.4
12.6

6.3
7.8
8.9
11.1
11.9
10.7
12.6
12.7
13.6
11.2
12.9
10.7
11.5
10.5

4.0
4.0
4.6
6.3
6.4
5.8
5.3
4.9
4.8
4.2
7.2
4.8
4.8
4.4

1.1
1.7
2.2
2.6
2.6
3.2
3.9
4.1
4.7
5.4
5.5
6.2
7.1
14.5

5.4
6.2
6.8
6.5
7.4
6.6
7.5
7.4
8.0
8.4
8.9
10.8
9.7

3.6
3.5
4.7
4.4
3.8
5.3
5.0
5.8
4.1
4.2
4.0
5.7
3.7
5.0

1.3
1.6
2.3
2.4
3.3
3.5
3.6
4.6
4.9
6.2
6.3
6.6
9.2
10.5

5.5
4.3
5.6
5.5
5.6
6.9
6.2
7.0
6.7
7.2
7.8
9.5
8.1
7.8

5. 7
4.2
6.1
5. 2
6.2
5.3
4.8
5.4
5.0
3.9
4.9
3. 3
5.3
3.6

1.0
1. 6
1.5
2.0
2.3
2.8
3.5
3.8
4.0
4.8
6.7
6.6
6. 6
14.3

4.6
6.0
5.7
6.0
6. 2
7.0
6.6
8.1
7.4
8.3
8.1
9.8
9.2
12 2

3.8

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499_____ _____ ____ _
$600-$749_________________
$750-$999_________________
$1,000-$1,249_____________
$1,250-$1,499_____________
$1,500-$1,749_____________
$1,750-$1,999_____________
$2,000-$2,249_____________
$2,250-$2,499_____________
$2,500-$2,999_____________
$3,000-$3,499_____________
$3,500-$3,999________ ____
$4,000-$4,999_____________
$5,000~$7,499_____________

$690
736
932
1,155
1,350
1,576
1, 733
1,953
2,070
2,496
2, 674
2,926
3,446
4,560

40.3
40.3
39.6
36.0
33.9
31.2
30.2
27.3
29.4
24.6
24.7
22.6
21.5
20.5

38.1
37.4
33.1
33.6
34.1
32.2
33.0
31.7
32.2
32.6
33.0
30.7
33.6
31.4

8.7
8.4
10.4
11.0
11.4
11.8
12.1
13.4
12.4
12.6
13.8
14.5
14.6
13.0

2.5
4.5
4.3
7.1
7.9
9.1
9.9
10.2
10.3
12.6
10.4
10.4
9.3
11.8

ROCKY M OUNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499_______________ _
$500-$749_............................. .
$750-$999.................................
$1,000-$1,249__.......................
$1»250-$1,499.__..................
$1,500-$1,749...........................
$1,750-$1,999__.......................
$2,000-$2,249_ .........................
$2,250-$2,499.........................
$2,500-$2,999__.......................
$3,000-$3,499...........................
$3,500-$3,999...... ..................
$4,000-$4,999...... ....................
$5,000 and over___________

$733
890
1,051
1.287
1,509
1, 605
1,917
2,079
2, 232
2,653
2,818
3.287
3,793
5,414

43.9
37.2
38.0
33.3
33.2
31.2
30.3
27.9
28.4
25.2
24.0
21.9
21.4
19.8

33. 5
32.9
32.1
30.9
30.2
30. 6
31.9
29.0
30.4
32.1
33.5
31.8
30.3
27.2

9.4
10.8
10.4
11.7
11.6
11.8
12.6
12.7
13.3
14.2
13.8
13. 5
15. 5
13.2

1.9
7.3
6.2
10.9
10.3
11.3
10.3
13.1
11.5
11.5
9.0
13.1
11. 7
9.7

1See glossary, appendix B, for definition of family living.
2 Includes expenditures for food and the value of food obtained without money expense.
3Includes expenditures for housing, household operation, and furnishings and equipment, and the value of
housing and fuel obtained without money expense.
*Includes expenditures for automobile purchase and operation, and other transportation.
8 Excludes sales taxes, which were included in the expense for the items to which they applied; automobile
taxes, which were included in automobile operation expense; taxes on owned homes, included in housing
expense; and taxes on other real estate, which were deducted from the gross income from such property.
8Includes expenditures for recreation, reading, education, tobacco, and miscellaneous items.

Food and home maintenance together absorbed at least 70 percent
of total expenditures of the families with incomes below $1,000 in the
West Central-Rocky Mountain region. Only among families with
incomes of $7,500 and more in the large cities and $5,000 and more in




10

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Butte-Pueblo did these two important categories account for less than
one-half of the total money value of current family living. Average
expenditures for food were of about the same magnitude as those for
home maintenance among large city families at the lowest income
levels; but, as income rose, home maintenance expenditures grew
steadily more important than food expenditures. Among families
in the middle-sized cities, also, food declined more rapidly than home
maintenance as a proportion of all expenditures. Average outlays for
food were greater, however, in the Rocky Mountain middle-sized cities
than in Denver, up to the $3,000 income level. Below the $2,500
level in the West Central region there were no consistent differences
in food expenditures between the two city groups. Expenditures for
housing, on the other hand, were smaller in the middle-sized com
munities throughout the income range.
Clothing and personal care generally took the third largest share of
expenditures for current family living. They accounted for more than
one-tenth of total expenditures among families with incomes of
$1,000 or more in Denver and Omaha, and among families with even
lower incomes in the middle-sized cities. Unlike expenditures for food
and home maintenance, those for clothing increased in relative import
ance as income rose.
Expenditures for transportation occupied a relatively large place in
family spending for all except families with incomes below $500.
Automobile expenditures were very substantial and increased rapidly
at successive income levels, particularly over the lower portion of the
income scale. More than two-thirds of the families with incomes of
$1,250 and more owned automobiles in the year of the survey. The
rapid spread within a generation in automobile ownership probably
represents a more striking change in family living habits than has ever
before occurred in an equal period of time.
Medical care expenditures constituted, on the average, from 4 to 6
percent of the money value of current family living, among families
at almost all income levels in the West Central-Rocky Mountain
region. The variations concealed in the average expenditures for
medical care at any given income level, however, tended to be greater
than those found in expenditures for most other categories, with a
few families at almost every income level reporting no expenditure and
some reporting very high expenses.
The category designated contributions and personal taxes in the
present study differs somewhat in character from the other groups of
expenditure items. Insofar as gifts made to persons outside the
economic family are balanced by gifts received, such expenditures
constitute a part of direct family consumption. Contributions toward
the support of individuals or institutions, and personal taxes (income,
poll, and personal property), represent aspects of family spending




11

INTRODUCTION

that are less directly converted to goods and services consumed than
are expenditures for the other categories. Nevertheless, from taxes
and contributions to religious organizations, at least, the families
making such expenditures receive returns in a variety of forms that con
stitute important elements in their pattern of living. Outlays of this
type were the most elastic among the categories of expenditure, rising
from about 1 percent of all expenditures among families at the lowest
income levels, to 10 percent or more among those in the highest income
class studied for each unit.
Expenditures for recreation, tobacco, reading, education, and
miscellaneous items, which have been grouped in the accompanying
tables under the heading “other items,” accounted in combination for a
slowly rising share of total expenditures for current family living.
This reflected mainly the increasing relative importance of outlays for
amusement and recreational equipment. Expenditures for education
were generally very small and showed only a slight tendency to take a
larger share of expenditures at the upper than the lower income levels.16
Tobacco and reading each maintained about the same relationship to
the total throughout the income range.
T able 3 .

—Distribution of money expenditures for current family living,
by major groups

Income class

Average
total
money
expendi Food
tures

A

Percentage of total money expenditures 1
Home Clothing
Trans
and
mainte personal
porta
tion 3
nance 2 care

Contri
Medi butions Other
cal
and
care% personal items8
taxes 8

OMAHA- COUNCIL BLU FFS
$500-$749_____ ___________
$750-$999___ ____ ________
$1,000-$1,249______ _______
$1,250-$1,499.........................
$1,500-$1,749______________
$1,750-$1,999...........................
$2,000-$2,249_.........................
$2,250-$2,499...........................
$2,500-$2,999.......................
$3,000-$3,499...........................
$3,500-$3,999_____________
$4,000-$4,999...........................
$5,000-$7,499.......... .................
$7,500 and over______ ____

$844
950
1,160
1,334
1, 503
1,673
1,834
1,975
2, 233
2, 692
3,055
3, 500
4, 592
7,660

35.5
35.7
34.1
33.3
31.3
30.9
29.8
28.4
27.9
24.9
23.0
23.9
22.3
18.7

33.6
34.4
34.7
32.4
34.0
32.0
30.2
30.2
29.1
30.0
29.1
29.7
25.4
25.3

6.2
10.1
10.7
11.2
11.8
12.7
12.8
13.1
14.4
14.7
13.7
13.5
16.4
14.4

4.2
7.1
7.4
9.0
7.9
9.7
11.6
10.5
10.9
11.0
11.1
11.3
14.7
14.3

9.5
4.8
4.9
4.9
4.2
5.3
5.0
6.0
4.9
5.0
5.6
6.7
4.8
3.5

1.3
1.7
2.3
2.9
3.6
2.9
3.6
4.8
5.4
5.3
9.0
6.1
7.1
14.3

9.7
6.2
5.9
6.3
7.2
6.5
7.0
7.0
7.4
9.2
8.5
8.8
9.3
9.5

See footnotes at end of table.
16 The expenditures for education included here represent only direct payments for school supplies and
tuitions by the families covered in the survey. Public expenditures for education are not included here.




WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

12
T able 3 .

—Distribution of money expenditures for current family living,
by major groups— Continued
Average
total
money
expendi Food
tures

Income class

Percentage of total money expenditures
Trans
Home Clothing
and
mainte personal
porta
tion
nance
care

Contri
Medi butions Other
cal
and
care personal items
taxes

D EN V E R
$500-$749_________________
$750-$999_________________
$1,000-$1,249______________
$1,250-$1,499______________
$1,500-$1,749______________
$1,750-$1,999______________
$2,000-$2,249 . _________
$2,250-$2,499_. _________
$2,500-$2,999_____________
$3,000-$3,499______________
$3,500-$3,999______________
$4,000-$4,999_____________
$5,000-$7,499_____________
$7,500 and over___________

$747
902
1,116
1,384
1,592
1,739
1,970
2,068
2, 362
2,656
3, 218
3,405
4, 527
7,169

39.5
36.4
34.8
30.3
30.0
28.7
27.8
27.7
26.0
25.2
22.1
23.9
21.5
17.6

35.5
32.7
30.0
29.1
28.3
30.9
29.3
27.5
27.6
29.4
27.8
27.5
26.3
25.4

8.4
10.4
11.9
12.2
12.9
12.4
12.7
13.6
14.0
14.3
14.1
15.4
15.5
13.8

6.8
8.5
9.5
11.8
12.5
11.3
13.4
13.6
14.5
12.0
13.7
11.6
12.3
11.7

4.4
4.3
4.9
6.7
6.8
6.2
5.6
5.3
5.1
4.5
7.6
5.3
5.2
4.8

1.2
1.9
2.3
2.7
2.7
3.3
4.1
4.4
5.0
5.9
5.9
6.7
7.6
16.0

4.2
5.8
6.6
7.2
6.8
7.2
7.1
7.9
7.8
8.7
8.8
9.6
11.6
10.7

4.0
3.9
5.0
4.7
4.0
5.6
5.3
6.1
4.4
4.5
4.2
6.1
4.1
5.4

1.5
1.8
2.4
2.6
3.5
3.7
3.8
4.8
5.4
6.7
6.6
7.1
10.2
11.2

6.2
4.7
5.8
5.9
6.0
7.3
6.5
7.3
7.2
7.7
8.2
10.1
9.0
8.3

6.3
4.6
6.6
5.4
6.5
5.6
5.1
5.7
5.3
4.2
5.2
3.5
5.6
3.8

1.0 1
1.7
1.6
2.1
2.4
2.9
3.7
4. 1
4.2
5.1
7. 1
7.1
7.0
15.0

,2
6.2
6. 1
6.2
6.6
7.4
7.0
8.7
7.9
8.9
8.7
10.4
9.6
12.8

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499_________________
$500-$749.................................
$750-$999_________________
$1,000-$1,249_____________
$1,250-$1,499_____________
$1,500-$1,749_____________
$1,750-$1,999______________
$2,000-$2,249____________ _
$2,250-$2,499_____________
$2,500-$2,999 _____________
$3,000-$3,499 _____________
$3,500-$3,999 _____________
$4,000-$4,999______________
$5,000 and over______ T-----

$616
668
887
1,089
1,266
1,481
1,651
1,849
1,902
2,313
2, 567
2, 747
3,125
4,287

39.3
41.9
40.6
36.7
35.3
31.7
31.1
28.5
30.6
25.4
25.4
23.9
23.4
21.7

36.4
33.6
30.9
30.8
30.6
29.4
30.3
28.3
27.4
28.4
30.5
26.3
27.0
27.0

9.8
9.3
10.9
11.7
12.1
12.6
12.6
14.2
13.6
13.7
14.3
15.4
16.1
13.8

2.8
4.8
4.4
7.6
8.5
9.7
10.4
10.8
11.4
13.6
10.8
11.1
10.2
12.6

ROCKY M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499............................—
$500-$749..................................
$750-$999.................................
$1,000-$1,249__...................
$1,250-$1,499_..........................
$1,500-$1,749__........................
$1,750-$1,999...........................
$2,000-$2,249...... ................
$2,250-$2,499_____________
$2,500-$2,999____________ _
$3,000-$3,499______________
$3,500-$3,999............................
$4,000-$4,999........ ...................
$5,000 and over......................

$666
833
970
1,231
1,422
1, 529
1,808
1,957
2,101
2,471
2, 655
3, 078
3, 582
5,171

42.5
37.8
39.6
33.9
34.4
31.8
31.2
28.7
29.7
26.4
25.1
22.9
22.1
20.1

32.6
30.3
28.1
28.8
26.6
28.1
28.6
25.5
26.5
27.8
29.8
27.6
26.9
24.3

10.3
11.6
11.3
12.2
12.5
12.3
13.4
13.4
14.1
15.2
14.6
14.5
16.4
13.8

2.1
7.8
6.7
11.4
11.0
11.9
11.0
13.9
12.2
12.4
9.5
14.0
12.4
10.2

1 See glossary, appendix B, for definition of expenditures that was used in this study.
2 Includes expenditures for housing, household operation, and furnishings and equipment,
a Includes expenditures for automobile purchase and operation, and other transportation.
* Excludes sales taxes which were included in the expense for the items to which they applied; automobile
taxes, which were included in automobile operation expense; taxes on owned homes, included in housing
expense; and taxes on other real property, which were deducted from the gross income from such property.
8 Includes expenditures for recreation, tobacco, reading, education, and other items.

In present-day urban communities, the pattern of consumption
may be measured fairly accurately in terms of money expenditures for
current family living. Hence the distribution of money expenditures,
as shown in table 3, is similar to the distribution of the money value of




13
living, presented in table 2. Since the value of housing received from
previous investments in owned homes was at most income levels the
only significant nonmoney item reported, home maintenance was the
only category that represented in general a larger proportion of the
money value of current family living than of money expenditures.17
Thus, amounts spent for food exceeded in importance those spent for
home maintenance at levels considerably higher in the income scale
when money expenditures rather than the total expenditures for these
categories are compared. Among families in the middle-sized cities,
for example, average money expenditures for food were smaller than
those for home maintenance only among families with incomes of
$2,500 or more. The total money value of family living was generally
only 4 to 5 percent greater than money expenditures, among families
studied in the four West Central-Rocky Mountain city units.
INTRODUCTION

For example, in the Denver group with incomes from $2,000 to $2,250, 52 percent of the families cov
ered in the expenditure survey owned their homes. The average rental value of these dwellings exceeded
the average amount spent by their owners for current upkeep and property taxes on these homes by $217.
This sum was treated as part of the income of these families (nonmoney income from owned homes) and as
part of total family expenditure (total value of current family living) as housing value received without
direct money expense in the year of the survey. Among all families in this Denver group (home owners
and renters combined) direct money expenditures for housing averaged 30.2 percent of total money ex
penditures, while the total value of housing received (money expenditures plus nonmoney value of housing)
averaged 32.9 percent of the total money value of current family living. (See p. 37 for further discussion of
money value derived from owned homes.)




Chapter II
The Family Balance Sheet

The family balance sheet for families studied in the West CentralRocky Mountain region may be presented by comparing current
money income with money expenditures for current living. Such
a balance sheet, calculated for groups at successive income levels,
measures the changing relationship between current income and con
sumption. It reflects the prevalence of spending financed through
deficit among the low income groups, and of mounting surpluses
among the higher income families.
T able

4.

—Average money income and money expenditures for current family living 1
West Central region
Income class

Rocky Mountain region

Money ex
Money ex
Money penditure for Money penditure for
income
current
income
current
family living
family living
Omaha-Council Bluffs

$50O-$749____________________________________________
$750-$999___ _____ ___________________________________
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_________ _______________________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________________________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________________________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________________________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________________________________
$2,500-$2,999________ ________________________________
$3,000-$3,499_________ _______________________________
$3,500-$3,999_________________________________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________________________________
$5,000-$7,499_________________________________________
$7,500 and over______________________________________

$6.39
871
1,082
1, 291
1,543
1, 74,2
1,971
2, 223
2, 548
3,040
3, 543
4,229
5, 371
10, 385

$844
950
1,160
1,334
1,503
1,673
1,834
1,975
2,233
2,692
3,055
3, 500
4,592
7, 660

Denver
$599
820
1,070
1,312
1,543
1,785
2,001
2,235
2,587
3,031
3, 555
4,171
5, 607
9,611

$747
902
1,116
1,384
1,592
1,739
1,970
2,068
2,362
2,656
3,218
3,405
4, 527
7,169

Middle-sized cities
$250-$499.___________________________________________
$500-$749____________________________________________
$750-$999_______ _____________________________________
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_._______________________________________
$1,500-$1,749_________ _______________________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________________________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________________________________
$2,250-$2,499____ ____ ________________________________
$2,500-$2,999_________________________________________
$3,000-$3,499_________________________________________
$3,500-$3,999_________________________________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________________________________
$5,000 and over_________________ ___________________

$380
578
837
1,084
1,294
1, 536
1,788
2,028
2,233
2, 566
3,127
3, 557
4,109
6,763

$616
668
887
1,089
1,266
1,481
1,651
1,849
1,902
2,313
2,567
2,747
3,125
4,287

$390
626
814
1,093
1,307
1,556
1,780
2,014
2,254
2,581
3,034
3, 542
4,191
7,260

$666
833
970
1,231
1,422
1,529
1,808
1,957
2,101
2,471
2,655
3,078
3,582
5,171

1 The difference between average money income and average money expenditures equals the average net
surplus or deficit, shown in table 5, except for the balancing difference (never as much as 5.5 percent of total
receipts or total disbursements, whichever was larger, for any scheduled family); the net balancing difference
is given in the Tabular Summary, table 1.

14




THE FAMILY BALANCE SHEET

15

Aggregate annual expenditures exceeded aggregate current money
income among families in the lower portion of the income scale (see
table 4). This was true up to the $1,250 level in Dubuque-Springfield,
the $1,500 level in Omaha and the Rocky Mountain middle-sized
cities, and the $1,750 level in Denver. At the $500 to $750 income
level, the net discrepancy between current money income and ex
penditures averaged $100 to $200 per family in the four urban units
studied. To make up the difference, families drew on savings, bought
on credit, or contracted loans.
Among families at successive income levels above $1,750, average
income exceeded average expenditures by increasingly large amounts.
In Omaha and Denver, families receiving $7,500 and over had an
excess of income over expenditures that averaged about $2,500, while
among those in the $5,000 to $7,500 group the excess was approxi
mately $1,000. The families with incomes of $5,000 and over saved
on the average about one-third of their incomes in Dubuque-Springfield
and one-quarter in Butte-Pueblo.
Current income and jamily resources.—While over a period of years
families are necessarily limited by income in the level of living which
they maintain, this does not mean that in any given year a family must
match expenditures for current living with current income. The
older family may be drawing on the capital as well as using the income
of its past accumulations. The young head of family with good pros
pects may assume obligations, perhaps on furniture or an automobile,
beyond the income of the given year. In spite of variations in annual
income, the family of a business or professional executive may show
little deviation in yearly expenditures, even though the result is a
current surplus in some years and current deficit in others. A large
emergency expense for medical care may leave no choice, where
accumulated savings are small, except to encumber the income of
future months. Ordinarily it is not to be expected that a family in
the lower half of the income scale will be able to make a cash purchase
of a durable good like a gas range or an automobile out of current
earnings. Hence in a given year it is to be expected that a fraction of
the families will increase their liabilities for the purpose of improving
the level of their living while others are keeping well within their
incomes and perhaps reducing their liabilities on last year’s commit
ments.
The particular year covered by the Study of Consumer Purchases,
1935-36, was one in which many families had not completely recovered
from the preceding depression period. Income status was still low
when compared with the more favorable years of the 1920’s. But
business conditions were improving and wages, as well as employment,
were on the increase. It is understandable that after restricted buying
for several years, families began to incur obligations beyond current




16

WEST CENTRAIr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

incomes, predicated upon the hope of steady employment and future
increases of income. Thus the net deficit for a family or a group of
families as of the given year may not reflect a chronic tendency to live
beyond income, but rather an optimistic outlook in 1935-36 regarding
future income. This impression will be confirmed by the data on net
installment obligations taken from the West Central-Rocky Mountain
expenditure schedules, which show that the installment commitments
carried over at the end of the schedule year were substantially greater
both in number of families and in average amount, than the commit
ments with which the year began.1
Had the Study of Consumer Purchases been conducted at another
stage in the business cycle, the surplus and deficit picture would
perhaps have been different in some important respects. At some
later date family balance sheets may be studied for a number of suc
cessive years to determine the regularity with which families balance
net increases in assets against net increases in liabilities. Meanwhile,
an examination of the surpluses and deficits of West Central-Rocky
Mountain families for the single year, 1935-36, shows that in several
income groups there must have been families with strikingly un
balanced budgets for the year. These cases are apt to distort the
averages for the group. Such instances of random fluctuation in the
sample do not, however, obscure the dominant patterns shown by
the data.
Surplus and deficit by income levels.—The figures given in table 4 for
average money income and average money expenditures for current
family living represent averages for all families at the given income
level. There were families at almost every interval along the income
scale, however, that had a net surplus and others that had a net deficit
for the year. (See table 5.) In addition, there were a few families at
almost every level that broke even for the year, and showed neither
surplus nor deficit.
Up to the $1,250 income level in Omaha and Denver, the $750
level in the West Central middle-sized cities, and the $1,500 level in
Butte-Pueblo, less than half of the families reported surpluses for the
year. At income levels of $3,000 and above, however, at least 80 per
cent of the families in each urban unit had a net surplus for the year
above current spending.
1 See analysis of surplus and deficit items, ch. VIII.




THE FAMILY BALANCE SHEET
T able

17

5 .—Average net surplus or deficit
Families having
surplus i

Income class

Families having
deficit i

Average net surplus
or deficit (—;

Percent
Percent Average Percent Average Amount2 age of
age
amount
age
amount
money
income
OM AHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS

$500-$749_______________________________
$750-$999_____________________________
$1,000-$1,249____________________________
$1,250-$1,499____________________________
$1,600-11,749____________________________
$1,750-$1,999______ _____________________
$2,000-$2,249____________________________
$2,250-$2,499____________________________
$2,500-$2,999____________________________
$3,000-13,499____________________________
$3,500-$3,999____________________________
$4,000-$4,999____________________________
$5,000-$7,499____________________________
$7,500 and over_________________________

34
38
46
52
66
70
74
89
84
80
84
85
85
88

$29
44
96
146
177
206
269
329
449
538
610
932
959
3,424

66
50
48
46
33
30
25
11
16
18
16
12
8
12

$294
162
229
228
220
245
255
330
294
370
153
384
642
1,880

-$184
-6 4
-6 6
-2 8
44
71
136
258
330
363
490
746
761
2,761

82S
37
n

61
53
49
37
36
34
32
27
26
13
21
10
12
11

$235
179
180
332
349
272
351
274
306
198
413
450
769
5,088

-$133
-7 3
-3 9
-5 7
-3 4
65
42
169
226
384
373
789
1,104
2, 448

8 22
»9
34
84
82
4
2
8
9
13
10
19
20
25

$270
196
186
206
260
358
256
365
252
390
862
1,551
195
969

-$230
-8 4
-4 3
1
34
63
146
172
329
265
546
767
944
2,515

8 6(
PI
n

a

4
7
15
12
15
14
ia
14
27

D EN V E R
$500-$749 . ____________________________
$750-$999 _______________________________
$1,000-$1,249
_______________________
___________ ___________
$1,250-$1,499
________________ ____ __
$1,500-$1,749
$1,750-$1,999____________________________
$2,000-$2,249_ ______ ______ _____________
$2,250-$2,499
_____________________
$2,500-$2,999____________________________
$3,000-$3,499_____________________ ____ $3,500-$3,999____________________________
$4,000-$4,999_ ________________________
$5,000-$7,499____________________________
$7,500 and over ___________ ____________

23
31
51
60
63
64
67
73
73
86
79
90
88
89

$43
68
99
111
144
245
231
331
421
476
577
927
1,352
3,418

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499_______________________________
$500-$749________________________________
$750-$999___________ ____ _______________
$1,000-$1,249____________________________
$1,250-$1,499____________________________
$1,500-$1,749___________ ____ ____________
$1,750-$1,999_________ ______ ____________
$2,000-$2,249_________ ______ ____ ____ —
$2,250-$2,499____________________________
$2,500-$2,999_____________________ ____ _
$3,000-$3,499____________________________
$3,500-$3,999_____ _______________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________________
$5,000 and over__________________ _______

4
35
54
62
69
70
71
76
78
78
86
95
96
97

$22
68
63
106
154
236
299
345
489
439
771
886
993
2,630

85
55
41
31
28
28
26
24
20
20
14
5
4
3

(*)

8

s
f
if
1C
r,
25
25
35

ROCKY M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499_______________________ ______ __
$500-$749________ ______________________
$750-$999__...........................................................
$1,000-$1,249____ _______________________
$1,250-$1,499____________________________
$1,500-$1,749____________________________
$1,750-$1,999____________________________
$2,000-$2,249____________________________
$2,250-$2,499____________________________
$2,500-$2,999____________________________
$3,000-$3,499_____ _______ ____ __________
$3,500-$3,999____________________________
$4,000-$4,999_____ _______________________
$5,000 and over__________________________

20
26
40
49
69
51
68
69
73
82
90
90
93

$54
60
94
119
159
239
279
363
392
554
684
742
2,274

100
73
72
57
50
31
47
32
30
27
18
10
10
7

$261
276
214
267
318
224
281
388
268
542
385
1,155
548
425

-$261
-191
-137
-115
-101
39
-1 7
66
170
139
386
495
608
2,076

8 65
8 3(
8 15
81C
8*
*}
l
l
15
P
P
%

1 Excludes families whose schedules showed an exact balance for the year.
2 For a reconciliation of the average net surplus or deficit with the difference between average income and
expenditure, as shown in table 4, see Tabular Summary, table 1.
8 Deficit. *Less than 1 percent.




18

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

At the lower end of the income scale, the average amount of surplus
for the families reporting a surplus was small—$100 or less for fam
ilies with incomes up to $1,250 in each urban unit. The average
deficit of the families that spent beyond current income was consid
erably larger, generally amounting to over $200 at those income levels.
Thus, the greater average size of deficits as compared with surpluses,
as well as the greater frequency of deficit families, accounted for the
average net deficit shown for the whole group of families at the lower
economic levels.
The average size of the net saving per family reporting a surplus
increased rather steadily at successive income levels, amounting to
over $500 for families in the income classes above $3,000 or $3,500.
(See table 5.) In the middle-sized cities, 97 percent of the families
receiving $5,000 and over spent less than their incomes by amounts
that averaged well over $2,000. In Omaha and Denver almost 90
percent of the families with incomes of $7,500 and over reported
surpluses for the year which averaged $3,400.
While average deficits of families that fell behind during the year
were much larger in the lower portion of the income scale than were
surpluses of families that got ahead, they were in general considerably
smaller than surpluses among the high-income families. Thus, the
average surplus per family making a net saving varied directly with
income, as might be expected, but among families incurring deficits,
the average amount of the deficit varied widely from one income class
to another with no consistent tendency toward increase or decrease
over the major portion of the income range. The largest average
deficits appear at the upper end of the income scale, however, and
reflect the greater ease with which well-to-do families can finance
deficits, either through liquidation of assets or through credit.
When all families in an income class were considered together, as
already indicated, the average change in their financial position was
represented by deficits at the lower economic levels and by surpluses
at the upper levels. Families with incomes between $250 and $500
in the middle-sized cities reported expenditures that resulted in
average net deficits of 60 percent, while those receiving $500 to $750
in the large cities, had expenditures that averaged more than 20 per
cent above income. Both in the large cities and in the smaller com
munities there was a very sharp decline between the lowest income
class analyzed and the one next above in the percentage by which
income was overspent. In the $1,500 to $1,750 income class and in
the classes immediately adjacent, there was a close correspondence
between average money income and expenditures, the difference
generally amounting to less than 5 percent of income. At higher
economic levels the average net surplus rose more rapidly than income;
the percentage of income set aside in some form of savings increased




THE FAMILY BALANCE SHEET

19

fairly consistently at successive levels. Among the families in the
highest income group analyzed in each community, average net
surpluses of $2,000 and over were achieved, amounting to from onefourth to more than one-third of income.
The very high average net deficits of families in the lower income
classes and the relatively large proportions of families in those classes
having deficits are particularly striking in the middle-sized cities in
the Rocky Mountain region. These undoubtedly reflect in part the
relatively high living costs in Butte.2 Moreover, there was consider
able unemployment in Butte, during the early part of the survey, so
that many families may have drawn heavily on savings or credit
measures for current living.
Surplus and deficit as related to occupational group!6—In spite of
fluctuations,4 some fairly consistent differences appear among families
of different occupational groups when their current money incomes
are balanced against their total money expenditures for current
living. (See table 6.) While the relationships were not uniform,
there was a fairly clear tendency in Omaha-Council Bluffs and Springfield-Dubuque for the wage-earner group to have smaller deficits
or larger surpluses than other occupational groups at given income
levels. In Denver and Butte-Pueblo, however, the wage-earning
families did not consistently spend less than others in the same income
class. There was some evidence in all communities that salaried
business and professional families spent rather more in relation to
their incomes than did those in other occupational groups. In Omaha
and Denver, where salaried business families are shown separately
from those in salaried professional occupations, the former generally
incurred larger deficits or achieved smaller surpluses at any given
income level than did the latter.5
On the whole, however, the data for the West Central-Rocky
Mountain communities indicate that occupation was not so important
as size of family in its influence on the level of total expenditures, and
hence on the frequency and size of surpluses or deficits in the several
income classes.
2 See p. 6, footnote 13.
»The occupational classification of families was not equally detailed in cities of different size. Thus, in
Omaha and Denver, five occupational groups were differentiated, with independent business and pro
fessional families classified together, while in the middle-sized cities, data were analyzed for only four occu
pational groups, with salaried business and professional families also combined into one group.
4 The sequence from substantial deficit to substantial surplus is almost continuous when the data are
analyzed by income alone. In the tabulation by occupational categories or family type, however, random
irregularities appear, since the averages are based on smaller numbers of families. These irregularities
result from wide variation on the part of individual families from the average for the group as a whole.
5 These differences must not be attributed wholly to occupational grouping, however, since the size and
composition of families varied somewhat from one occupational group to another. (See Tabular Summary,
table 2.) Nevertheless, the computation of simple averages (that is, an average of the averages for each
family type, with no reference to the relative frequency of these types) for families of all types within each
occupational group indicates fairly clear occupational differences, particularly in the West Central cities,
with salaried business and professional families having relatively small surpluses and large deficits, and wage
earner families ranking at the opposite extreme. (See appendix D.)




20
T able

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
6.— A verage net su rplu s or deficit (—), by occupational group
Wage
earner

Income class

Clerical

Independ
Salaried
ent busi
ness and
professional Business Professional

OMAHA-COUNCIL BLU FFS
$750-$999 ....................................................... ........................
$1,000-$1,249............................................................ .............
$1,250-$1,499
....................... ................... ..........................
$1,500-$1,749
_______ ___________ ___________ _____
$1,750-$1,999 ...................... ............... .............................. $2,000-$2,249._.................... ............................................... ..
$2,250-$2,499 ______________________________________ $2,500-$2,999
_____
____________________________$3,000-$3,499 __________________________ ___________
$3,500-$3,999_____ __________________________________$4,000-$4,999________________________________________
$5,000-$7,499 __________________ _____________________

—$54
-3 1
-2 7
45
117
108
319
448
0)
0)
0)
(0

— $95
-1 3 4
-3 6
40
49
206
256
342
0)
0)
0)
0)

0)
(1)
—$32
110
71
-2 0
332
249
305
584
736
934

0)
(' i * 8
-3 5
5
-8
58
228
327
342
686
652

$72
19
17
249
244
240
543
653
1,005
888

—$52
-9 8
-103
-8 9
64
155
227
235
0)
0)
0)
0)

(*)
(0

0)
0)
-$315
-5 2
-107
56
96
155
371
296
686
1,143

0)
0)
-$114
27
24
85
23
271
360
425
762
1,368

0)
0)

D EN V E R
$750-$999__..................................................................
$1,000-$1,249______ ____ ____ _________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________________ _______
$1,500-$1,749________________________________
$1,750-$1,999________________________________
$2,000-$2,249______________________________—
$2,250-$2,499_________________________________
$2,500-$2,999______ __________________________
$3,000-13,499_________________________________
$3,500-$3,999________________________________
$4,000-$4,999_________ _______________________
$5,000-$7,499______ __________________________

—$80
-1 6
-2 5
-1 0
91
-6 8
214
360
0)
0)
C1)
0)

$31
11
112
29
129
68
412
436
954
984

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749____________________________________
$750-$999____________________________________
$1,000-$1,?49______________ __________________
$1,250-$1,499________________________________
$i,500-$l,749_________________________________
$1,750-$1,999______ __________________________
$2,000-$2,249________________________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________________________
$2,500-$2,999________________________________
$3,000-$3,499________________________ ______ ..
$3,500-$3,999________________________________
$4,000-$4,999________________________________

—$74
-2 2
38
82
152
197
348
471
0)
0)
0)
0)

-$131
-123
-3 4
45
-7 2
153
161
273
0)
Q)
(*)
0)

0)
0)—$82
-175
-1
128
-41
322
. 205
669
949
957

0)
(*)
—$92
- 28
38
- 48
- 82
161
307
497
630
936

ROCKY M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749______________________________ _____
$750-$999______________________________ _____
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________ _______ ____ _
$1,500-81,749_________________________________
$1,750-$1,999_______ ________________________
$2,000-$2,249>.________________________________
$2,250-$2,499________________________________
$2,500-$2,999________________________________
$3,000-$3,499__________________ ______________
$3,500-$3,999______ _____ ____ _______________
$4,000-$4,999_________________ _______________

-$204
-144
-121
-103
49
-6
89
178
0)
0)
0)
0)

-$119
-109
-8 9
-156
28
95
78
208
0)
0)
0)
(9

0)
0)
-$139
24
62
-378
14
172
66
403
294
543

1 Expenditure schedules not taken for families at this income level.

(0
0)
-$ &
-110
C)
-5 6
14
87
188
377
632
655
* Less than $1.

Surplus and deficit among family type groups.6—Since the amounts
spent for living are naturally related to the number of persons in the
family, it accords with expectations to find that family composition,
• Data have been combined, for purposes of analysis, for families containing one child under 16 (type II)
with those containing two children (type III), and for families of three or four, at least three of them 16
or over (type IV) with those containing five or six members, at least three of them 16 or over (type V ).




THE FAMILY BALANCE SHEET

21

much more than occupation, affected the relative ability of families to
live within their current incomes. In all four urban units there was
a clear relationship between the average size of surplus or deficit at
any given income level, and the size of the family. (See table 7.)
With few exceptions families consisting of husband and wife only
spent amounts that averaged less than those reported by the other
groups at corresponding economic levels, and thus had smaller
deficits at the lower end of the income scale and larger surpluses in
the intermediate and upper income ranges. In general, likewise,
families with one or two children under 16 (types II and III) reported
less spent and more saved than did the larger families that included
at least one person 16 or over, other than husband and wife (types
IV and V).7 This difference was, however, less clearly defined than
it was between the two-person families and the others.8
T a b l e 7 . — Average

n et surplu s or deficit

(—), by fa m ily

type

Family type 1
Income class

I

II and III IV and V

II and III IV and V

I

West Central

Rocky Mountain

Omaha-Council Bluffs
$750-$999___________________________
$1,000-$1,249___________ ____________
$1,250-$!,499___________________ ____
$1,500-$1,749____ ____________________
$1,750-$1,999________________________
$2,000-$2,249____ ____ _______________
$2,250-$2,499____ _____ ______________
$2,500-$2,999________________________
$3,000-$3,499________________________
$3,500-$3,999________ ______ _________
$4,000-$4,999________________________
$5,000-$7,499____ ____________________

—$26
-70
22
67
47
174
253
497
714
774
857

(t)

—$81
-5 4
-3 8
48
46
157
172
297
301
585
1,042
706

—$99
-83
-7 3
17
120
88
330
251
195
215
494
762

Denver
$3
-9
9
25
78
116
248
258
498
451
1,091
1, 553

-$118
-6 9
-103
-37
58
123
144
192
390
366
658
945

-$116
-4 5
-7 4
-9 7
58
-97
121
221
302
321
647
975

-$259
-130
-102
-9 6
82
20
119
133
259
206
678
684

-$205
-202
-219
-93
8
-58
-6
83
-2 2
411
123
623

Middle-sized cities
$500-$749____ ______ ______ _________
$750-$999_________ __________________
$1,000-$1,249.______ _________________
$1,250-$1,499________________________
$1,500-$1,749________________________
$1,750-$1,999______ __________________
$2,000-$2,249________________________
$2,250-$2,499______ __________________
$2,500-$2,999______________ _________
$3,000-$3,499________________________
$3,500-$3,999________________________
$4,000-$4,999________________________

—$19
33
-5
64
183
212
131
509
372
560
1,124
1,443

—$62
-40
18
27
-2
195
181
346
347
660
641
990

-$180
-127
-14
19
45
52
193
210
170
485
624
667

-$136
-97
-56
-113
13
-21
93
311
306
515
803
507

i The 5 family types, are distinguished on the basis of the number and age of members other than husband
and wife, as follows:
Type
I No other person (families of 2).
*
II 1 child under 16 (families of 3).
III 2 children under 16 (families of 4).
IV 1 person 16 or over and one or no other person, regardless of age (families of 3 or 4).
V
1 child under 16,1 person 16 or over, and 1 or 2 others, regardless of age (families of 5 or 6).
tFewer than 3 cases.
7 Families of types II and III generally averaged 3.6 persons in size, while families of types IV and V con
tained more than 4 persons, on the average, at almost every income level. (See Tabular Summary, table 2.)
* When the effect of the varying occupational composition of the type groups is eliminated, these differ
ences appear to be most clearly defined in the Rocky Mountain cities. (See appendix D.)




22

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

S u m m a ry .—On the whole, income was the factor of primary im
portance in determining whether the family made ends meet during
the year. The data clearly support common observation to the effect
that the higher the income the greater the proportion of families
keeping expenditures below income and the larger their average
surplus. While family composition, particularly as it related to
family size, also exerted an influence on the level of spending, this
factor was much less determinant than income. Occupational dif
ferences, while not wholly without influence, appeared to be of less
importance in affecting the relation between income and expenditures.
In this connection it may be pointed out that the very broad occupa
tional categories used may have partially obscured the analysis of
occupational differences. In the metropolitan areas (New York and
Chicago) where a separate analysis was made of the balance sheets of
independent professional families, they were found to spend in excess
of their current income more frequently than other families of the
same income but different occupational group. The tendency for
wage-earning families to have more frequent and larger surpluses at
given income levels is confirmed in other areas.
The fact that at virtually every income level some families spent
in excess of income while some were able to save, gives rise to questions
as to how the deficits were financed, and in what form the surpluses
were accumulated. Were deficits met by drawing on cash savings of
previous years, by realizing insurance equities, or by having recourse to
credit through charge accounts, installment obligations, or borrowed
funds? In the case of families that accumulated surpluses for the
year, to what extent did those surpluses consist of insurance, savings
accounts, investment in real property or in securities, or payments on
previously incurred obligations? Such an analysis of family surplus
and deficit is an integral part of a detailed consideration of family dis
bursements. But before considering in detail the changes which
occurred in family assets and liabilities over the year of the survey,
we shall proceed to an analysis of expenditures for the goods and
services which were purchased during that year for consumer use.




Chapter HI
Food

Families at most income levels in these West Central-Rocky Moun
tain cities spent more for food than for any other individual category
of consumption. The average amount spent increased quite con
sistently with income, rising from a little under $300 among families
in the lowest income classes studied to approximately $1,000 among
those receiving $5,000 and over.1 While food expenditures thus in
creased more than threefold over the income range covered, this in
crease was less rapid than that recorded for total money expenditures
for current living, with the result that the proportion of the total
allocated to food declined from nearly two-fifths in the lowest income
classes to one-fifth or less at the highest. (See table 8 and fig. 2.)
The findings of the present study on the position of food in the
family budget, and on its decline in relative importance in successive
income classes, support those of virtually all earlier investigations in
the field. They indicate that food constitutes a relatively inelastic
category of wants, that is, that expenditure for food does not rise in
proportion to income. Or to put it another way, demand for food in
either quantitative or qualitative terms does not expand with increased
ability to spend nearly so rapidly as does total demand for consump
tion goods and services.
The level of expenditures for food was very similar in -Denver and
Omaha, but Butte-Pueblo families consistently spent more for food
than did families in corresponding income groups in Dubuque-Springfield. While food expenditures were found to be directly related to
city size in most of the regions covered by the Study of Consumer
Purchases, there were no consistent city-size differences in food ex
penditures below the $2,500 level in the West Central region. More
over, families in the Rocky Mountain middle-sized cities below the
$3,000 level had larger average money outlays for food than those in
Denver. This difference may be attributable in part to the fact that
the food needs of workers in mining and heavy industry, which are
characteristic of Butte and Pueblo, respectively, are particularly great.
The relatively high food expenditures of the large city families in the
upper income levels reflect at least in part greater outlays for food
away from home, which is more expensive than food at home, rather
than significantly higher food costs in the year of survey.2
1 See Tabular Summary, table 2.
* See Works Progress Administration, Research Monograph X II, Intercity Differences in Costs of Living
in March 1935, 59 Cities, Washington, 1937, appendix B.

23

125019°—

i O -------3




24

WEST CENTRAL—KOCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
Fig. Z

FOOD AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL MONEY
EXPENDITURES AT SELECTED INCOME LEVELS
WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION, 1935-36
NONRELIEF W HITE FAMILIES INCLUDING HUSBAND
AND W IFE BOTH NATIVE BORN

FOOD
OMAHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS

DENVER

PERCENTAGE

---------------------------------------------------------------- 40

35

U

30

ANOUNOW ANDUROCR AND UNOCR AND UNDER AND UNOCR AND UNDER

IOOO

1500

2000

3500

5000

7500

25

MIDDLE-SIZED CITIES

20
15
10
5

750
1000

1250 1750 3000 400 0 5000
1500 2000 3500 5000 7500

AND UNDER AND UNDER AND UNDER AND UNOEN ANO UNOCR AND UNDER

750

1250

1750 3000

4000

5000

INCOME CLASS IN DOLLARS
U .S . BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS




1750

3000

400 0

5000

0

25

FOOD
T

a b l e

8.

— Average expenditures fo r food
A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e s for foo d
P e r fa m ily
T o ta l

I n c o m e c la ss

A m ount

m
P e r c e n ta g e A whaoymfro
e
o f to ta l
m o n ey ex
p e n d itu r e s 1

P er m eal
p er e q u iv 
a le n t
a d u lt

A verage
v a lu e p er to Atavl emr aognee y
fa m ily o f
v a lu e o f
fo o d o b 
fo o d p er
ta in e d
a l p er
w it h o u t e mq ue iv
a le n t
m oney
a
d
u lt
e x p e n se

O M A H A -C O U N O I L B L U F F S
$500-749________
$750-$999_______
$ 1 ,0 0 0 -$ 1 ,2 4 9 ...
$ 1 ,2 5 0 -$ M 9 9 _ _ .
$1,500-$1,749___
$1,750-$1,999__.
$2,000-$2,249__.
$2,250-$2,499__.
$2,500-$2,999__.
$ 3 ,0 0 0 -$ 3 ,4 9 9 ._ .
$ 3 ,5 0 0 -$ 3 ,9 9 9 ._ .
$4,000-$4,999 __.
$ 5 ,0 0 0 -$ 7 ,4 9 9 ._ .
$7,500 a n d o v er.

$299
339
395
444
470
516
545
561
623
667
701
836
1 ,0 2 2
1,431

$500-$749.............................. .........
$750-$999________ _______
$1,000-$1,249_________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749.................................
$1,750-$1,999_................................
$2,000-$2,249...........................
$2,250-$2,499............................. .
$2,500-$2,999________________
$3,000-$3,499________________
$3,500-$3,999________________
$4,000-14,999.............. ..................
$5,000-$7,499.................................
$7,500 a n d o v e r ............................ .......

$295
328
388
419
477
499
547
571
611
669
711
812
972
1,264

3 5 .5
3 5 .7
3 4.1
3 3 .3
3 1 .3
3 0 .9
2 9 .8
2 8 .4
2 7 .9
2 4 .9
2 3 .0
2 3 .9
2 2 .3
1 8 .7

$6
10
23
30
41
54
74
85
104
119
150
191
289
505

$ 0 ,1 0 4
.1 1 6
.1 2 4
.1 4 0
.1 4 8
.1 6 3
.1 6 5
.1 7 6
.1 7 6
.1 8 0
.1 9 7
.2 1 3
.2 2 4
.3 7 0

$20
12
19
14
11
12
9
11
16
8
22
9
5
20

$0,11 1
.1 2 0
.1 3 0
.1 4 4
.1 6 1
.1 6 7
.1 6 8
.1 8 0
.181
.1 8 2
.2 0 3
.2 1 5
.2 2 5
.3 7 5

$4
16
27
35
55
66
83
88
101
111
133
208
295
412

$0.108
.110
.130
.138
.151
.157
.168
.175
.181
.182
.194
.218
.243
.292

$23
12
17
22
19
15
14
14
22
25
25
28
28
45

$0.116
.114
.136
.145
.157
.162
.172
.179
.188
.189
.201
.225
.250
.303

$36
17
10
16
10
23
12
8
24
25
9
4
9
8

$0,090
.090
.118
.129
.135
.138
.156
.147
.178
.159
.185
.182
.180
.217

39
16
16
12
11
16
16
18
9
16
9
17
23
30

$0.10 9
.1 1 9
.1 2 7
.1 3 8
.1 5 5
.1 5 9
.1 8 3
.1 7 4
.1 8 6
.1 8 2
.185
.1 9 3
.2 2 3
.2 2 9

DENVER

39.5
36.4
34.8
30.3
30.0
28.7
27.8
27.7
26.0
25.2
22.1
23.9
21.5
17.6

W E S T C E N T R A L : M ID D L E -S IZ E D C IT IE S

$250-$499........ ................................
$500~$749.............. ............................
$750-$999...........................................
$1,000-$1,249________ _________
$1,250-$1,499__________ ______
$1,500-$1,749_________ _______
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249_................. ................
$2,250-$2,499________ _______
$2,500-$2,999_________________
$3,000-$3,499___ _____ ________
$3,500-$3,999_________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________
$5,000 a n d o v e r __________________

ROCKY
$250-$499....................................................
$ 5 0 0 -$ 7 4 9 ..................................................
$750-$999..................................................
$ 1 ,00 0-$1,249___________ _________
$1,25 0-$1,499___________ _______
$1,50 0-$1,749...........................................
$1,750-$1,999............................................
$ 2 ,0 0 0-$2,249...........................................
$2,25 0-$2,499_____________________
$2,50 0-$2,999_____________________
$ 3 ,00 0-$3,499..................... ......................
$3,50 0-$3,999_____________________
$ 4 ,00 0-$4,999_____________________
$5,000 and
______

over____

__

$242
279
359
399
447
468
511
525
583
589
651
657
730
927

39.3
41.9
40.6
36.7
35.3
31.7
31.1
28.5
30.6
25.4
25.4
23.9
23.4
21.7

$15
5
20
25
35
44
44
74
71
73
73
100
61
164

$0.078
.085
.J15
.124
.132
.132
.152
.145
.171
.153
.182
.181
.178
.215

M O U N T A IN : M ID D L E -S IZ E D C IT IE S
283
315
384
417
490
486
565
562
625
652
667
704
787
1,041

4 2 .5
3 7 .8
3 9 .6
3 3 .9
3 4 .4
3 1 .8
3 1 .2
2 8 .7
2 9 .7
2 6 .4
2 5 .1
2 2 .9
2 2 .1
2 0 .1

2
13
11
25
27
34
48
63
78
111
86
125
170
284

.0 9 6
.1 1 3
.1 2 2
.1 3 4
.1 5 2
.1 5 4
.1 7 8
.1 6 9
.1 8 3
.1 7 8
.1 8 3
.1 8 8
.2 1 7
.2 2 3

1 S ee g lo ssa r y , a p p e n d ix B , for th e d e fin itio n o f e x p e n d itu r e s th a t w a s u se d in th is s tu d y .




26

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Money expense per meal per equivalent adult?—In marked contrast
to the decline in the percentage of total expenditures devoted to food,
the average expense per meal per food expenditure unit rose steadily
at successive income levels. (See table 8.) Families with incomes
below $1,000 spent less than 12 cents per meal per person in all urban
units, except in Butte and Pueblo. (In these two cities families with
incomes of $500 to $1,000 averaged more than 12 cents). The
amounts spent per meal per person increased steadily to more than 20
cents at the highest income level studied in the middle-sized cities and
as much as 37 cents among Omaha families with incomes of $7,500 and
more. It seems clear that the well-to-do families obtained not only
a larger quantity of food, but also a greater variety, including more
expensive meats and vegetables, and more foods valued for flavor
rather than for nutritive content.
Money expenditures far food away from home.—The change in the
character of the food bill with changes in incomes appears in the
proportion of total food expense allotted to food consumed away from
home—meals at work and school, as well as more strictly recreational
expenditures—in comparison with amounts spent for food served at
home or carried from home. At succeeding income levels there was a
fairly consistent increase in the proportion of total food expense
which went for food away from home. The increase was particularly
striking in Omaha, where the share of the total food expense devoted
to food away from home increased more than 11 times over the
income scale, from less than 3 percent for families with incomes of
$500 to $1,000 to 30 percent for those with incomes of $5,000 and
more.4
The amounts spent for food away from home averaged 50 cents a
week or less for families with incomes under $1,250. As much as
one dollar a week, or 10 percent of total food expenditures, was spent
in this way among families with incomes of $1,500 and more in Denver,
$1,750 and more in Omaha, and $2,000 and more in the middle-sized
cities. At the highest income level covered in Omaha almost $10 a
week went for food away from home.
Expenditures for food away from home, both in amount and in
relation to the total, tended to be higher among families in the large
cities than among those in the middle-sized city units. This probably
reflects the greater difficulty in getting home for lunch in the large
cities, and the greater prevalence in such communities of the custom
8 Money expenditures per meal per person were computed on the basis of total money expense for food
(except for food eaten while traveling) divided by the number of equivalent adults who were members of
the household. The number of equivalent adults was computed in terms of food expenditure units. Per
sons who were in the household less than the full year and children whose food consumption was less than
an adult’s were counted as fractions of an equivalent adult. For methods of computation and the fractions
of a standard food unit assigned to a given age, see glossary, appendix B.
* See Tabular Summary, table 3.




FOOD

27

of “dining out.” It accords with similar differences between cities in
different size ranges found in other regions in which the Study was
conducted.
Food obtained without money expenditure.—Many families in these
communities obtained small amounts of food without money outlay,
either from home gardens or as gift or pay. The low income families
generally obtained at least as much food without money expense as
did those with high incomes, with the result that such free food was
of mu(5h greater relative importance to the families with small incomes
than to those at the intermediate and upper levels of income. Among
families with incomes of $250 to $500, in the middle-sized cities, the
estimated value of such “free” food represented as much as one-seventh
of money expenditures for food. In all income classes above $750,
in the four city units, however, the average value of food received
without money expense amounted to less than 5 percent of the
expenditures for food. The amounts averaged under $2 monthly,
or less than 1 cent per meal per person at most income levels in these
communities, indicating that money expenditures provided a sub
stantially accurate index of the food consumption of the families
studied.
Money expense for food among occupational groups.—At the income
levels at which all occupational groups were represented, the differences
in average food expenditures among the various groups were small.
Wage-earner families tended to spend more for food, at a given income
level, than did families in the other occupational groups, in all the
urban units except Dubuque and Springfield, where no consistent
occupational differences appeared. (See table 9.) In Denver and
Omaha, the lowest food expenditures were generally reported by
salaried professional families, while in the Rocky Mountain middlesized cities salaried business and professional families usually spent
least for food.5
* Analysis of food expenditures by the several occupational groups, with family type and income held
constant, indicates that in Denver and Butte-Pueblo these occupational differences in the level of spending
for food were clearly marked. (See appendix D.)




28
T able

WEST CENTRAL-ROOKY MOUNTAIN REGION
9,— A verage m oney expenditures fo r food , by occupational group
Wage
earner

Income class

Independ
Salaried
ent busiClerical ness and
profes Business Profes
sional
sional

OM AHA-COUNCIL BLU FFS
$750-$999____ __________________________ __________
$1,000-$1,249______________________________________
$1,250-$1,499______________________________________
$1,500-$1,749_____________________________________
$1,750-$1,999______________________________________
$2,000-$2,249______________________________________
$2,250-$2,499_______________________________________
$2,500-$2,999___________, ____________ ____ _________
$3,000-$3,499_______________________________________
$3,500-$3,999______________________________________
$4,000-$4,999______________________________________
$5,000-$7,499______________________________________

$346
383
471
503
528
566
567
622
0
0
0
0

$321
419
410
440
516
523
581
627
0
0
0
0

0)
0)$432
411
496
594
521
676
662
746
861
1,062

0
oj$377
462
508
577
515
613
698
669
810
1,001

0
0) $433
470
489
469
531
530
609
712
853
1,009

$324
384
426
458
499
534
567
583
0
0)
0)
0)

0
0)$433
493
471
574
561
625
652
719
812
1,049

0)
0
$492
487
536
547
568
614
673
697
830
902

0)
0) $384
440
473
533
483
612
687
732
781
933

D EN V E R
$750-$999_______ __________________________________
$1,000-$1,249______________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_______________________________________
$1,500-$1,749_______________________________________
$1,750-$1,999_______________________________________
$2,000-$2,249______________________________________
$2,250-$2,499_______________________________________
$2,500-$2,999_______________________________________
$3,000-$3,499______________________________________
$3,500-$3,999_______________________________________
$4,000-$4,999______________________________________
$5,000-$7,499______________________________________

$329
389
409
463
510
551
625
646
0)
0)
0
0)

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749___________ ______________ _____ — ...............
$750-$999_____ ________________________ ___________
$1,000-$1,249 ____ ______________________ ______
$1,250-$1,499_ _____ __________ ______________ ____
$1,500-$1,749 _________________ ____________ ______
$1,750-$1,999______________________________________
$2,000-$2,249______________________________________
$2,250-$2,499 _____________________________________
$2,500-$2,999 _____________________________________
$3,000-$3,499______________________________________
$3,500-$3,999 ______________________________________
$4,000-$4,999 ______________________________ ______

$278
357
398
446
456
524
507
617
0)
0
0)
0

$282
366
394
447
499
511
513
571
0)
0)
0)
0)

0
0)$422
476
478
479
590
519
600
585
640
644

0
0
$384
407
443
491
549
603
581
677
669
778

ROCKY M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749_______ ______ ______ _____________ _______
$750-$999_______________________ ____________ _____
$1,000-$1,249________________________ ______ _______
$1,250-$1,499______________________________________
$1,500-$1,749_______ ______________________________
$1,750-$1,999______________________ _____ ___ ______
$2,000-$2,249______________________________________
$2,250-$2,499_______________ ______________________
$2,500-$2,999______________________________________
$3,000-$3,499_____ __________ _____ ____ _____ ______
$3,500-$3,999_____________________________________ _
$4,000-$4,999_____________________ ___________ _____

$317
394
429
498
503
580
561
652
0)
0
0)
0)

i Expenditure schedules not taken for families at this income level.




$304
334
408
477
473
529
586
637
0
0)
0)
0)

0)
0)$384
470
455
664
566
559
701
678
716
794

0)
0)
$374
466
453
520
522
593
620
663
696
783

29

FOOD
T a b l e 10,— Average money expenditures per meal per equivalent adult , by

occupational group
Wage
earner

Income class

Independ
ent business and
profes
sional

Business

$0.112
.124
.128
. 146
.167
.153
.176
.169
0)
(9
0)
0)

0)
0)
$0.130
.141
.153
.183
.148
.178
.191
.209
.211
.187

0)
0)
$0.137
.138
.155
.177
.180
.191
.175
.193
.216
.251

$0.117
.131
.139
.149
.156
.166
.184
.174

0)
0)
$0.143
.142
.149
.171
.162
.190
.168
.184
.206
.263

0)
(9
$0.156

Clerical

Salaried
Profes
sional

OM AHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS
$750-$999____
$1,000-$1,249_.
$1,250-$1,499_
$1,500-$1,749_.
$1,750-$1,999_.
$2,000-$2,249_.
$2,250-$2,499_
$2,500-$2,999_
$3,000-$3,499_
$3,500-$3,999_
$4,000-$4,999_
$5,000-$7,499_

$0.110
.124
.148
.152
.165
.173
.180
.183

(9
(9
(9
(9

0)
0)
$0.153
.148
.144
.158
.188
.155
.173
.190
.208
.163

D EN V E R
$750-$999_____________________ ________ _____
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________________________
$1,750-81,999________________________________
$2,000-$2,249___ _____ _______________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________________________
$2,500-82,999____________________ _______ ____
$3,000-83,499________________________________
$3,500-13,999___ ____ _____________ _____ _____
$4,000-$4,999_________________________________
$5,000-$7,499_________________________________

$0.108
.129
.134
. 153
. 156
.170
.181
.172
0)

0)
0)0)

v9
0)
(9
0)

(9

0)
$0.138
.162
.166
.162
.155
.198
.195
.206
.207
.224

.165
.168
.172
.178
.187
.190
.199
.233
.229

W EST CENTRAL: M ID DLE SIZED CITIES
$500-$749...................... ................................................
$750-$999______ ____________ ______ __________
$1,000-81,249____ ____________________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________________________
$1,750-81,999_________________________________
$2,000-82,249_________________________________
$2,250-82,499________________________________
$2,500-82,999_________________________________
$3,000-83,499_________________________________
$3,500-83,999___________________ ____ ________
$4,000-$4,999_________________________________

$0.083
.114
.122
.131
.127
. 153
.133
.184

0)0)(9
0)

$0.094
.119
.121
.128
.143
.159
.149
. 169

0)
0)0)(9

0)(9
$0.133

.149
.135
.140
.185
.149
.158
.160
.176
.158

0)
C1)
$0,127
.123
.128
.140
.159
.171
.149
.190
.185
.189

ROCKY M OUNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-8749.________ __________________________
$750-$999____ _______________________________
$1,000-81,249_________________________________
$1,250-81,499-_____ __________________________
$1,500-81,749..._____________________________
$1,750-81,999________________________________
$2,000-82,249_________________________________
$2,250-82,499______ ________________________
$2,500-82,999_________________________________
$3,000-83,499___________________________ _____
$3,500-83,999. _____________________________
$4,000-$4,999________________________________

$0.112
.124
.136
.153
.152
.183
.167
.183

(9
(9
(9
(9

$0.118
.112
.130
.152
.160
.164
.170
.191
0)

(9
(9
(9

Expenditure schedules not taken for families at this income level.

(9(9
$0.130

.144
.144
.213
.181
.163
.178
.187
.180
.215

(9
(9

$0,127
.150
.154
.167
.163
.181
.179
.182
.195
.219

In Denver, salaried business families stood out as having the highest
food expense per meal per person, while wage earners, which ranked
high in total food expenditures, fell into line with the other occupa
tional groups. (See table 10.) This shift in the relative position of



30

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

wage-earner families reflects the fact that family size was slightly
greater among these families than among those of any other occupa
tional group, while families in the two salaried groups generally con
tained the smallest number of persons per family.6 In Omaha and
Butte-Pueblo, however, the wage-earner families ranked relatively
high in expense per meal per person as well as in total food expense.
There was no consistent relationship among the occupational
groups in any city unit in the West Central-Rocky Mountain region
in the value of food received without money expense.7
Money expense for food among family type groups.—When the average
food expenditures of families differing in composition are compared,
much more clearly defined and consistent differences appear than
among families of the various occupational groups. These differences
are related chiefly to size of family. In all the city units studied in
the West Central-Rocky Mountain region, the two-person families
almost uniformly spent the least for food, the families containing
T able

11.— A verage m oney expenditures fo r food, by fa m ily

type

Family type 1
II and III IV and V

Income class

$750-$999___
$1,000-$1,249.
$1,250-$1,499.
$1,500-$1,749.
$1,750-$1,999.
$2,000-$2,249.
$2,250-$2,499.
$2,500-$2,999.
$3,000-$3,499.
$3,500-$3,999.
$4,000-$4,999.
$5,000-$7,499.

II and III IV and V

West Central

Rocky Mountain

Omaha-Council Bluffs

Denver

$317
346
405
418
488
456
480
527
559
552
676
(t)

$344
416
423
474
496
541
567
572
671
787
729
1,054

$373
425
517
519
566
622
614
705
735
743
1,006
1,072

$291
347
375
408
425
485
525
519
525
639
640
800

$361
420
434
481
534
564
579
609
653
703
790
889

$328
406
451
551
554
585
606
683
778
773
946
1,103

$326
383
438
485
528
540
564
582
612
694
699
734

$341
447
503
562
517
614
649
706
728
748
806
879

Middle-sized cities
$500-$749----$750-$999___
$1,000-$1,249.
$1,250-$1,499.
$1,500-$1,749.
$1,750-$1,999.
$2,000-$2,249.
$2,250-$2,499.
$2,500-$2,999.
$3,000-$3,499.
$3,500-$3,999.
$4,000-$4,999.

$221
338
374
385
396
444
469
499
430
530
559
554

$288
341
406
454
484
527
561
574
587
661
693
715

$334
409
416
486
499
550
536
638
666
704
696
828

$300
337
336
432
409
548
461
560
556
512
566
672

i The 5 family types are distinguished on the basis of the number and age of members other than husband
and wife, as follows:
Type
I No other persons (families of 2).
II 1 child under 16 (families of 3).
III 2 children under 16 (families of 4).
IV 1 person 16 or over and 1 or no other person, regardless of age (families of 3 or 4).
V
1 child under 16, one person 16 or over, and 1 or 2 others, regardless of age (families of 5 or 6).
t Fewer than 3 cases.
• See Tabular Summary, table 2.
7 See Tabular Summary, table 3.




31
one or two children under 16 (types II and III) coming next, and the
slightly larger families with at least three persons 16 or over (types
IV and V) having the highest expenditures. (See table 11.)
If attention is turned from average total expense for food to expense
per meal per food expenditure unit, as shown in table 12, equally
consistent differences appear among families of different types, al
though in reverse relationship. Two-person families incurred the
heaviest average expense per meal per person, followed by families
with one or two children under 16 (types II and III). Those con
taining three to six members, with at least one, other than husband
and wife, who was 16 or over, generally reported the lowest outlays.
Thus, among family type groups, high average total expense for food
is associated with low average expense per meal per person. This is
not surprising, in view of the lower unit cost of purchasing and pre
paring food for a large family. Moreover, at least at the lower
income levels, there was almost certainly a difference in the diet and
in the nutritive value of the food consumed by families of different
size that were undertaking to live on the same income.
FOOD

T able

12.— A verage m oney expenditures per m eal per equivalent adult, by fa m ily type
Family type 1
Income class

$750-$999........................................................
$1,000-$1,249.................................................
$1,250-$1,499____ ___________________
$1,500-$1,749................................................
$1,75Q-$1,999__________ ______________
$2,000-$2,249.................................................
$2,250-$2,499_____ ______ ____________
$2,500-$2,999________________________
$3,000-$3,499________________________
$3,500-$3,999________________________
$4,000-$4,999________________________
$5,000-$7,499________________________

I

II and III IV and V
West Central
Omaha-Council Bluffs

$0.142
.152
.180
. 186
.218
.208
.214
.238
.233
.245
.268
(t)

$0.104
.121
.126
. 140
. 150
. 153
.175
.156
.169
.198
.180
.256

$0.089
.092
.113
.119
.123
.142
.149
.152
.158
. 162
.196
.203

I

II and III IV and V
Rocky Mountain
Denver

$0.132
.158
.170
. 185
.188
.219
.226
.233
.229
.230
.270
.324

$0.110
.129
.127
. 142
.150
.156
.165
.167
.169
.183
.195
.218

Middle-sized cities
$0.073 $0.135
.152
.091
.154
.090
. 107
.188
.179
.107
.120
.250
.103
.210
.137
.235
.224
.147
.154
.229
.191
.156
162
.276

$0.076
.087
.113
. 122
.122
.135
.139
.149
.159
.177
.194
.219

$0. 086
$0.082
$0.094
$500-$749___________ ______ _________ $0.098
.103
.110
.098
.155
$750-$999.......................................................
.128
.114
.167
.118
$1,000-$1,249___ _______ _____________
.112
.149
. 169
.130
$1,250-$1,499____________ ____________
.122
.155
.134
.
173
$1,500-$1,749___________ _____________
.160
.130
.198
.148
$1,760-11,999___ _______ ________ ____
.143
.158
.198
.155
$2,000-$2,249.................................................
.168
.151
.236
.157
$2,250-$2,499.................................................
. 162
.167
.146
. 173
$2,500-$2,999________ _________ ____ „
.161
.173
.241
.180
$3,000-$3,499_______ ________ ________
.194
.182
.176
.233
$3,500-$3,999................................................
.189
.209
.177
.211
$4,000-$4,999................ ...............................
1 The 5 family types are distinguished on the basis of the number and age of members other than husband
and wife, as follows:

Tr,

No other persons (fam ilies of 2).
II 1 child under 16 (families of 3).
III 2 children under 16 (families of 4).
IV 1 person 16 or over and 1 or no other person, regardless of age (families of 3 or 4).
V 1 child under 16,1 person 16 or over, and 1 or 2 others, regardless of age (families of 5 or 6).
t Fewer than 3 cases.




32

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Differences in average expenditures for food away from home
were by no means so clear-cut as differences in total food expendi
tures. Families with children showed some tendency to report the
lowest expenditures of this type.8 This may be explained in part
by the fact that meals at work formed a large part of this expense,
and families with children are least likely to have more than one
earner. Moreover, these families are probably least likely to eat
meals away from home as a form of entertainment. On the whole,
families consisting of husband and wife only spent more for food
away from home than did the larger families, although this was
more generally true at the lower and intermediate income levels
than at the upper end of the income range. Since food away from
home is more expensive than that served at home it is probable that
when incomes were low the larger families felt more pressure to
economize in this respect, whereas at comfortable economic levels
the families of three to six, with at least three members 16 years of
age or over, were able to spend in this way more in proportion to
their size.
Summary.—While average expenditures for food increased three
fold to fourfold over the income range among families in all the city
units studied in the West Central-Rocky Mountain region, this in
crease was less rapid than that in total expenditures. Food, therefore,
declined in relative importance at successive income levels. A sub
stantial part of the increase in average total food expense, clearly
reflected in the rising expenditures per meal per equivalent adult,
was accounted for by the increasing outlays for food away from
home, particularly at the upper income levels.
At a given income level, average total food expenditures were
remarkably similar in Omaha and Denver. Families in the Rocky
Mountain middle-sized city unit generally reported the highest total
food expenditures and likewise the highest expenditures per meal per
person. Expenditures for food away from home tended to vary in
direct relationship to city size.
The occupational group in which a family was classified had rela
tively little influence upon food expenditures. In general, wage
earner families tended to spend rather more than did the other occu
pational groups, but the differences were due at least in part to
family size.
Remarkably consistent differences appeared among families of
varying composition, both in total food expense and in expense per
meal per equivalent adult. In general, the former varied directly
with family size, while the latter varied in inverse relationship to
the number of family members.
8 See Tabular Summary, table 3.




Chapter IV
Home Maintenance

Next to food, shelter is the most important category in the family
budget. Closely related to expenditures for housing itself are those
for household operation and for furnishings and equipment. For
some purposes it is convenient to consider them in combination under
the heading of home maintenance.
Housing}—Since at almost all income levels there were families
that owned their homes or obtained rent-free dwellings as a gift or in
exchange for services, the housing category is represented in family con
sumption patterns not only by money outlay but also by the value of
the occupancy of owned homes, insofar as that value exceeds the current
money expenditures for taxes, mortgage interest, insurance, and re
pairs, and by the occupancy value of rent-free dwellings. In the fol
lowing discussion the term housing expenditures is used to cover the
money value of all these items plus the value of fuel, light, and
refrigeration. (See footnote to table 13.)
As in the case of food, expenditures for housing increased almost
without exception from one income level to another among the families
studied in the West Central-Rocky Mountain cities, but relatively
less rapidly than total expenditures for current family living. (See
table 13.) Thus, at the $500 to $750 income level, housing expendi
tures averaged $288 among families in Omaha and $266 among fami
lies in Denver, representing slightly less than one-third of the total
expenditures of each group. Among families in each city unit in the
income class $2,500 to $3,000, housing expenditures amounted to
approximately $600 or one-fourth of total expenditures. The housing
expenditures of families in the middle-sized cities with incomes of
$5,000 and more averaged about $900 and absorbed almost one-fifth
1 It should be noted that great caution must be exercised in making any comparison of the housing data
reported in this chapter with those presented in vol. I, ch. VI. The discussion in vol. I, based on the short
schedule used with the large random sample presented rents for the family home reported by renting fami
lies, the rental values of owned family homes, and an estimate of nonmoney income from owned homes.
This chapter deals with money expenditures for the homes of owning and renting families, nonmoney
incomes from owned homes, and also includes money expenditures for lodging for family members away from
home. In vol. I, expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration were included only when they were covered
by the rent reported and it was therefore impossible to give the rent figures without them; in this chapter,
such expenditures are in all cases included. The imputed value of home ownership, as reported on the
family schedule and presented in vol. I, was an estimated figure; the data in this chapter on nonmoney value
of housing were computed on the basis of the actual housing expenses reported by home-owning families.
Finally, in vol. I, the averages at any given income level, for all families and families of specified occupational
groups included the larger families (types VI, VII, VIII, and other) which were not covered by the expendi
ture survey; and the averages for all families and families of specified type groups included families with no
gainfully employed members, likewise excluded from the expenditure sample.




33

T able 13. — Average expenditures for home m aintenance
Percentage of money value of current family living

Amount
Income class

Housing

Housing

Total

House Furnish
and
hold
oper ings
Obtained
equip
Money without ation
3
ment
expendi money
tures 1 penseex
2

Home
mainte
nance

Total

House Furnish
and
hold oper ings
Money Obtained
without ation 3 equip
ment
expendi money
ex
tures i
pense 2

OMAHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS
$500-$749_.........................................................
$75(K$999................................ ..........................
$1,000-$1,249....................................................
$1,250-$1,499.......................... ...................
$1,500-$1,749...............................................
$1,750-$1,999....................................................
$2,000-$2,249............. ....................... ...............
$2,250-$2,499.............................................
$2,500-$2,999_______ __________________
$3,000-$3,499__________ ________ _____
$3,500-$3,999_____________ _____ _______
$4,000-$4,999____________ ____ _________
$5,000-$7,499__________________________
$7,500 and over______________ _________

$324
350
453
517
593
642
692
749
818
983
1,077
1, 304
1.446
2, 322

$288
299
369
418
462
496
532
579
615
712
764
937
965
1,319

$248
275
318
332
380
389
394
427
446
536
578
671
682
931

$40
24
51
86
82
107
138
152
169
176
186
266
283
388

$27
34
43
53
66
86
84
98
117
178
221
252
362
612

$9
17
41
46
65
60
76
72
86
93
92
115
119
391

35.8
35.4
36.8
36.1
37.1
35.8
34.9
35.0
33.9
34.2
33.0
34.5
29.6
28.8

31.8
30.4
30.0
29.2
28.9
27.7
26.9
27.1
25.5
24.7
23.4
24.8
19.8
16.3

27.4
28.0
25.9
23.2
23.8
21.7
19.9
20.0
18.5
18.6
17.7
17.8
14.0
11.5

4.4
2.4
4.1
6.0
5.1
6.0
7.0
7.1
7.0
6.1
5.7
7.0
5.8
4.8

3.0
3.4
3.5
3.7
4.1
4.8
4.2
4. 6
4.8
6.2
6.8
6.7
7.4
7.6

1.0
1.6
3.3
3.2
4.1
3.3
3.8
3.3
3.6
3.3
2.8
3.0
2.4
4.9

$17
29
42
47
57
72
98
68
83
80
81
94
98
315

38.2
36. 5
32.9
31.7
30.9
33.7
32.9
31.8
31.2
33.8
31.1
32.4
30.8
31.8

32.6
30.1
26.2
24.8
23.8
25.6
23.7
24.4
23.3
25.5
22.6
24.2
21.8
20.6

26.8
24.0
21.4
20.4
19.6
21.2
IS. 3
18.2
18.1
18.9
17.8
17.1
15.5
11.8

5.8
6.1
4.8
4.4
4.2
4.4
5.4
6.2
5.2
6.6
4.8
7.1
6.3
8.8

3.5
3.3
3.2
3.7
3.7
4.2
4.5
4.3
4.6
5.5
6.1
5.7
7.0
7.2

2.1
3.1
3. 5
3.2
3.4
3.9
4.7
3.1
3.3
2.8
2.4
2.5
2.0
4.0

D EN VER
$500-$749..........................................................
$750-$999................................................... .......
$1,000-$1,249................................... .......... .
$1,250-$1,499_________ ________________
$1,500-$1,749_________ _____ ___________
$1,750-$1,999.................................................
$2,000-$2,249....................................................
$2,250-$2,499.............................. .....................
$2,500-$2,999................................................ .
$3,000-$3,499................................................__
$3,500-$3,999............... ........................... .......
$4,000-$4,999............... ....................................
$5,000-$7,499.....................................................
$7,500 and over_..............................................




$312
355
391
466
520
617
690
706
784
968
1,060
1,199
1,497
2,521

$266
294
311
364
401
468
497
543
587
730
772
893
1,058
1,634

$219
234
254
300
330
388
384
405
456
541
607
632
754
935

$47
60
57
64
71
80
113
138
131
189
165
261
304
699

$29
32
38
55
62
77
95
95
114
158
207
212
341
572

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Home
mainte
nance

WEST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499...........................................................
$500-$749_.........................................................
$750-$999........ .................................................
$1,000-$1,249....................................................
$1,250-$1,499................................ ....................
$1,500-$1,749 ...........................................
$1,750-$1,999 ......................................... . _
$2,000-$2,249....................................................
$2,25(>-$2,499....................................................
$2,500-$2,999................................................. .
$3,000-13,499.............................. ................... .
$3,500-$3,999...................................................
$4,000-$4,999____________________ _____ _
$5,000 and over________________________

$263
275
309
388
461
507
571
619
666
814
882
900
1,155
1,428

$221
245
253
311
360
394
427
466
520
603
628
654
805
912

$183
194
218
261
286
322
357
370
376
445
530
476
493
647

$38
51
35
50
74
72
70
96
144
158
98
178
312
265

$25
22
30
45
57
65
79
87
93
143
138
189
282
386

$17
8
26
32
44
49
65
66
53
68
116
57
68
130

38.1
37.4
33.1
33.6
34.1
32.2
33.0
31.7
32.2
32.6
33.0
30.7
33.6
31.4

26.5
26.4
23.4
22.6
21.2
20.4
20.6
18.9
18.2
17.8
19.8
16.2
14.3
14.2

5.5
6.9
3.7
4.3
5.5
4.6
4.1
4.9
7.0
6.4
3.7
6.1
9.0
5.8

3.6
3.0
3.2
3.9
4.2
4.1
4.6
4.5
4.5
5.7
5.2
6. 5
8.3
8.5

2.5
1.1
2.8
2.8
3.2
3.1
3.7
3.4
2.5
2.7
4.3
1.9
2.0
2.9

27.8
27.3
26.4
24.1
23.3
23.0
22.9
21.8
22.2
23.3
22.8
21.8
19.7
17.2

24.0
22.7
20.2
20.7
18.2
19.2
18.1
16.8
16.7
17.0
17.3
16.0
14.7
13.3

3.8
4.6
6.2
3.4
5.1
3.8
4.8
5.0
5. 5
6.3
5.5
5.8
5.0
3.9

4.3
3.8
3.4
3.2
3.5
3.7
4.3
3.8
4.1
5.4
6.3
5.6
7.0
7.8

1.4
1.8
2.3
3.6
3.4
3.9
4.7
3.4
4.1
3.4
4.4
4.4
3.6
2.2

ROCKY MOUNTAIN: M ID DLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499.................................... ................... $500-$749.................................... .....................
$750-$999...........................................................
$1,000-$1,249....................................................
$1,250-$1,499_____ ____________________
$1,500-$1,749............. .......................................
$1,750-$1,999.................................................
$2,000-$2,249________________________
$2,250-$2,499.............................. ................... $2,500-$2,999.....................................................
$3,000-$3,499 ..................................................
$3,500-$3,999....................................................
$4,nnO-$4J999
$5,000 and over________________________

$245
294
337
398
455
490
610
605
679
850
944
1,044
1,151
1,474

$204
244
277
310
350
369
439
454
496
618
642
716
747
934

$176
203
212
266
274
309
346
350
374
452
488
524
559
721

$28
41
65
44
76
60
93
104
122
166
154
192
188
213

$31
34
36
41
53
59
81
80
93
142
178
183
266
421

$10
16
24
47
52
62
90
71
90
90
124
145
138
119

33.5
32.9
32.1
30.9
30.2
30.6
31.9
29.0
30.4
32.1
33.5
31.8
30.3
27.2

HOME

32.0
33.3
27.1
26.9
26.7
25.0
24.7
23.8
25.2
24.2
23.5
22.3
23.3
20.0

>

HH

tel

5z4
>
o
tel

1 Includes all current money expenditures for the family home and the vacation home these items. See Tabular Summary, table 4a.
2 Includes imputed income from home ownership, rent received as gift or pay, and the
(mortgage interest, taxes, repairs and insurance for owned homes, and rent for rented
homes), and expenditures for lodging for family members away from home, including value of fuel obtained without money expense.
3 Includes household help, laundry, telephone, water rent, and other items of household
room rent at school. Expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration are combined with
expenditures for housing, since rent as paid by many families included one or more of operation.




CO

Cn

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
36
of total expenditures, while the housing expenditures of families in
the same income group in the large cities were several hundred dollars
higher but likewise constituted about one-fifth of all expenditures for
current family living.
Although the pattern of housing expenditures was the same in the
four city units (a steady increase in the amount of expenditures and
a gradual decline in the proportion of the total), a clear relationship
appears between size of city and housing expenditures, with families
in the middle-sized cities ranking below those in the large* cities.
Moreover, at incomes up to $3,000, housing values were larger in
Omaha than in Denver, while at higher incomes the relationship was
in general reversed. Differences between the two middle-sized city
units were less marked, but at incomes up to $2,500, those in DubuqueSpringfield tended to be the larger, while at higher incomes, those in
Butte-Pueblo were generally greater.
Figures on the housing facilities of the families covered in this re
port have not yet been analyzed to determine whether the difference
between the housing expenditures of families in the large and middlesized cities is due primarily to differences in the type of housing gen
erally found in the two groups of cities, or whether the difference is
primarily due to lower land values, or to lower construction costs in
the smaller communities.
In Omaha and Denver, fewer than one-fifth of the families with
incomes under $1,000 were reported as home owners; in the middlesized cities, about one-third were owners. (See table 14.) This
proportion increased with income, so that, among families receiving
$5,000 and more, 70 to 80 percent in each urban unit owned an equity
in their homes.
At most income levels, home ownership was considerably more
prevalent in Omaha than in Denver. (See table 14.) As between
the two middle-sized city units no consistent differences could be seen,
chiefly because the proportion of home owners varied rather erratically
from one income level to the next, particularly in Dubuque-Springfield. The tendency observed in some regions for ownership to be
relatively more prevalent in the smaller cities than in those of larger
size was apparent as between Denver and Butte-Pueblo, but the
irregularity of the percentages in Dubuque-Springfield obscured the
relationship between that unit and Omaha on this point.




37

HOME MAINTENANCE
T able

14.— Percentage of fa m ilies
Income class

$250~$499________________________________________________
$500-$749________________________________________________
$750-$999________________ _______________________________
$1,000-$1,249_____________________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________________ __________________
$1,500-11,749_____________________________________________
$1,750-$1,999_____________________________________________
$2,000-$2,249_____________________________________________
$2,250-$2,499_____________________________________________
$2,500-$2,999_____________________________________________
$3,000-$3,499_____________________________________________
$3,500-$3,999_____________________________________________
$4,000-$4,999_______ _____________________________________
$5,000-$7,499_____ ____ __________________________________
$7,500 and over....................................................................................

reporting home ow nership
Middle-sized cities

OmanaCouncil
Bluffs

Denver

0)

0)

30
13
33
36
46
43
56
55
64
58
60
62
80
81

24
17
20
27
24
37
51
51
50
53
59
63
63
86

Rocky
West
Central Mountain

(*)

42
23
25
38
45
43
36
61
52
57
48
67
69
8 75

(2)

37
16
32
22
37
42
45
57
56
60
53
67
63
269

1 Expenditure schedules not taken for families at this income level.
8 In the middle-sized cities data for families with incomes of $5,000 and over were combined.

Except at the lowest income levels, home-owning families received
an imputed income of $100 or more from the occupancy of their
homes, and among families with incomes of $5,000 and over, the aver
age amount was above $300.2 Rent was received without money
expenditure, as gift or pay, by relatively few families at any income
level. Although generally a substantial item for the families who
received it, it seldom averaged as much as $15 for all families in an
income group. When the value of all housing obtained without money
expenditure is averaged for all families, however, the amounts are
substantial. They average at least $100 at all income levels above
$1,750 in Omaha, above $2,000 in Denver, and above $2,250 in the
smaller communities. These values show a clear tendency to increase
at successive income levels, but generally constitute from 4 to 7 per
cent of total expenditures.
Home ownership generally requires less net money expenditure
during a given year by the families concerned than would have been
required if such families had chosen to rent equivalent housing accom
modations.3 Hence, since home ownership is inversely related to city
size when money expenditures for housing are considered by them
selves the intercity differences in housing expenditures is even greater
than indicated above.
Household operation.—The next largest group of items in home main
tenance after housing was household operation.4 At the lower in
come levels such items absorbed a relatively small portion of current
8 The amount of imputed income received by home-owning families may be obtained by dividing the
average value of imputed income for all families at each income level by the corresponding percentage of
families reporting home ownership. These figures are shown in the Tabular Summary, table 4-A.
3 See vol. I, ch. VI.
< Expenditures for household operation (other than for fuel, light, and refrigeration, which were com
bined with housing) included outlay for laundry and cleaning supplies, laundry sent out, telephone, water
rent, and paid household help.




38

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

family living expenses, amounting to only 10 to 15 percent of the
aggregate outlay for home maintenance. In all four communities
families with incomes under $1,250 spent less than $4 per month for
household operation other than fuel, light, and refrigeration. The
amount spent annually did not exceed $100 until the $2,500 level was
reached. Families with incomes of $5,000 and over spent more than
$30 per month for such goods and services. Outlay for paid house
hold help was a very infrequent part of these expenditures in the
lower income groups, being reported by fewer than half the families
in all income classes under $3,000.
Expenditures for household operation thus increased with income
as did expenditures for food and housing, but unlike those two cate
gories, the amount spent for household operation rose more rapidly
than did total expenditures with the result that it accounted for 7 or
8 percent of all expenditures at the upper end of the income scale, as
compared with 3 to 4 percent at the lower end.
Throughout the greater part of the income range, outlays for sup
plies and services comprised the bulk of household operation expense.
(See table 15.) At the lower income levels, these were chiefly expend
itures for laundry and cleaning supplies; for families in the upper half
of the income scale, laundry sent out was generally the first item, fol
lowed by telephone expense and water rent.5 Average expense for
household help was small, even for families reporting it, up to income
levels of $2,500 or $3,000. Above that point, a substantial proportion
of the families reported such expense, and at the same time the average
outlay per employing family increased rapidly. As a result, expense
for household help was, in all four urban units, the most important
item in household operation among families with incomes of $5,000
and over.
City size appears to have had no bearing on expenditures for
household operation in the West Central-Rocky Mountain region.
At most income levels, however, families in Omaha spent more for
household operation than did those in Denver. A part of the differ
ence is accounted for by the fact that among families above the
$3,000 level, those in Omaha reported outlay for domestic help with
greater relative frequency than did Denver families. There were no
well-defined differences between the two middle-sized city units in
the level of expenditures for household operation, although outlay for
paid service tended to be higher in Dubuque-Springfield than in
Butte-Pueblo. Apparently domestic help was more common in the
West Central than in the Rocky Mountain area.
« Based on tabulations to appear in a later bulletin.




39

HOME MAINTENANCE
T able

15,— A verage m oney expenditures fo r household operation 1
Paid household help

Income class

Total

Average
expense

Families reporting

Supplies
and other
services

Percent
age

Average
expense

$1
« 3
5
9
8
12
21
55
99
119
194
355

5
3
19
9
22
19
24
33
52
76
64
82
86

$20
3
16
56
41
42
50
64
106
130
186
236
413

$27
33
43
50
61
77
76
86
96
123
122
133
168
257

(*) $3
,
2
11
13
16
22
51
75
84
173
351

6
8
10
16
21
20
26
46
52
61
77
91

$8
38
20
69
62
80
85
111
144
138
225
386

$29
32
38
52
60
66
82
79
92
107
132
128
16*
221

5
9
4
8
13
18
21
22
39
37
55
70
90

$4
11
50
62
54
72
67
100
133
95
155
226
249

$25
22
29
43
52
57
66
73
71
91
103
104
124
162

$75
10
100
29
38
20
93
31
59
116
113
124
200
316

$28
34
35
39
50
57
68
75
83
105
125
127
144
165

OM AHA-COUNOIL BLUFFS
$500-$749___ ____ ___ ______________________
$750-$999 __________________________________
$1,000- $1,249_________________________________
$1,250-$1,499__________________________________
$1,500-$1,749__________________________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________________________
$2,500-$2,999_________________________________
$3,000-$3,499_________________________________
$3,500-$3,999________ ________________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________________________
$5,000-$7,499_________ ______________ _____
$7,500 and over _________ _________________

$27
34
43
53
66
86
84
98
117
178
221
252
362
612

D EN V E R
$500-$749 ______ _________ ________________
$750-$999 ______________________ _________
$1,000-$1,249___________ _____________________
$1,250-$1,499 ____________ __________________
$1,500-$1,749__________________________________
$1,750-$1,999________________________________
$2,000-$2,249_______________ _______ __
$2,250-$2,499_ ___________________ ________
$2,500-$2,999_________________________________
$3,000-$3,499_________________________________
$3,500-$3,999 ___ ____________________ _ _
$4,000-$4,999_____________ __ _____________
$5 000-$7,499
_ _______ ______________
$7,500 and over _____________ ___ __________

$29
32
38
55
62
77
95
95
114
158
207
212
341
572

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499 ......................................................................
$500-$749_____________________________________
$750-$999_____________________________________
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________________________
$1,500-$1,749__________________________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________________________
$2,250-$2,499________________ ____________
$2,500-$2,999_________________________________
$3,000-$3,499_______________ ____ ___ ____ ____
$3,500-$3,999_________________________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________________________
$5,000 and o v e r ...---------------------. . . -----------

$25
22
30
45
57
64
79
87
93
143
138
189
282
386

(*)

$1
2
5
7
13
14
22
52
35
85
158
224

ROCKY M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499_____________________________________
$500-$749______ ______________________________
$750-$999_____________________________________
$1,000-$1,249.________________________________
$1,250-$1,499______________ ___________________
$1,500-$1,749__________________________________
$1,750-$1,999__________________________________
$2,000-$2,249__________________________________
$2,250-$2,499__________________________________
$2,500-$2,999__________________________________
$3,000-$3,499__________________________________
$3,500-$3,999_______________________ ________
$4,000-$4,999________________ __________ _____ _
$5,000 and over________ _____ ______ ____ _____

$31
34
36
41
53
59
81
80
93
142
178
183
266
421

(*)

$3
1
2
3
2
13
5
10
37
53
56
122
256

4
2
1
7
8
10
14
16
17
32
47
45
61
81

1 Other than for fuel, light, and refrigeration, which were included with expense for housing proper.
♦ Less than $1.

125019°—40-----4




40

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

F u rn ish in g s a n d eq u ip m en t .—Expenditures for furnishings and
equipment,6 the third group of items included under home main
tenance, were comparatively small at most income levels in each of
the city units included in the West Central-Rocky Mountain region.
The average outlay for this category was less than $100 in all income
groups below the $4,000 level in Omaha, the $7,500 level in Denver,
and the $3,000 level in the two middle-sized city units. (See table
13.) Considered together, the groups receiving less than $1,000
did not average as much as $25 in expenditures for furnishings and
equipment.
In all units the amount spent for this group of items rose over the
income range, although the averages varied somewhat irregularly
from one income class to the next. There was a very slight tendency
for the proportion of total expenditures devoted to this category to
increase throughout the greater portion of the income scale. In no
income class, however, was more than 5 percent of total expenditures
for current living used for furnishings and equipment.
Wide variations in expenditure are to be expected in the case of a
category that includes articles differing as greatly in kind and unit
price as do those included in furnishings and equipment. The larger,
more durable and more expensive articles require infrequent replace
ment, and hence are purchased by only a small proportion of the
families in any one year. Small articles such as light bulbs or kitchen
towels, on the other hand, appear frequently among family expendi
tures. The great bulk of the items included in the category, however,
are those for which expenditures may be adjusted to meet the current
family situation with respect to income and to other demands on
resources. Because of these wide variations, average expenditures
do not necessarily represent the level of outlay for the majority of
families, nor do they necessarily indicate the rate of spending for
furnishings and equipment that would be characteristic of another
stage in the business cycle.
As in the case of household operation, city size has no consistent
influence on outlays for furnishings and equipment. Among families
with incomes up to $2,250, however, average expenditures for such
items were larger in Denver than in Omaha, while at higher incomes,
the reverse was true. Throughout the income scale, expenditures
in Butte-Pueblo exceeded those in Dubuque-Springfield. It may be
that expenditures for labor-saving devices were to some extent com
pensating for the smaller expenditures for household help in the Rocky
Mountain cities.
H om e m ain ten an ce .—When expenditures for housing, household
operation, and furnishings and equipment are combined, the aggre• Furnishings and equipment included kitchen, cleaning, and laundry equipment; china, glassware, and
silver; household linens; floor coverings; and furniture.




HOME MAINTENANCE

41

gate outlay for home maintenance accounted for more than 30 percent
of total expenditures among all families except the few with incomes
of $5,000 or more in Omaha and Butte-Pueblo. (See table 13.)
Home maintenance expenditures were, in general, relatively less im
portant among families at the highest than at the lowest levels, but
the decline was slow and irregular. Thus, for example, among
families in Dubuque and Springfield, home maintenance took as
large a share of the money value of current family living at the
$4,000 to $5,000 level as at the $1,000 to $1,250 level, and among
families in the Rocky Mountain middle-sized cities, such expenditures
were as important for the $3,000 to $3,500 income group as for the
$250 to $500 group. This reflects the fact that while housing declined
over the income range in relative importance, household operation
and furnishings and equipment were more important among highincome than among low-income families.
Home maintenance absorbed an average of over $300 for the year
among all families except those with incomes below $750 in the middlesized cities, and over $1,000 among families with incomes of $3,500 or
more in all cities except Dubuque and Springfield, where this was true
above the $4,000 level.
The fact that average outlays for housing and household operation
were usually greater in Omaha than in Denver is reflected in a similar
relationship between the two cities in expenditures for home main
tenance and in the proportion of total expenditures for current living
accounted for by this group of categories. Among families in the
middle-sized cities, average expenditures were often higher in the
Rocky Mountain than in the West Central area, but the percentage of
total expenditures devoted to home maintenance was generally lower
in the former than in the latter.
Since housing expenditures were directly related to city size, the
total outlay for home maintenance likewise tended to be greater in
the more highly urbanized communities. This difference was speci
ally clear between Omaha and Dubuque-Springfield. The relatively
large outlays for furnishings and equipment by Butte-Pueblo families,
however, partially canceled the effect of their lower housing expenses,
so that the differences between Denver and Butte-Pueblo in home
maintenance expenditures were smaller.
Expenditures for home maintenance among occupational groups.—
Among families in different occupational categories, the wage earners
clearly ranked low on average housing expense in all four urban units.
(See table 16.) Theirs was a consistent showing, whereas none of the
other groups was so uniform in its position.7 Clerical families tended
f This accords with the findings of the income study made in this region (see vol. I, ch. VI) and also with
those in other regions. When averages are computed for the occupational groups, giving each constituent
family type an equal weight, wage earners ranked significantly below the other groups in housing expendi
tures in the four city units. The differences were least marked in Omaha. (See appendix D.)




42

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

to have lower average expenses than business and professional fami
lies, in both middle-sized and large cities, but the differences were
neither large nor consistent.
T able

16,—

Average expenditures fo r h o u s in g b y occupational group
Wage
earner

Income class

Clerical

Independ
Salaried
ent
business
and pro Business
Profes
fessional
sional

O M AHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS
$750-$999_______ _______________ _____ _______
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________________________
$1,750-11,999_________________________________
$2,000-$2,249________________________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________________________
$2,500-$2,999_________________________________
$3,000-$3,499_________________________________
$3,500-$3,999_________________________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________________________
$5,000-$7,499_________________________________

$289
359
398
434
447
504
572
555
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

$328
393
435
477
530
549
572
625
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2
(2)
$444
507
562
566
518
665
719
782
1,004
996

(2)
(2)
$529
504
475
528
617
633
693
773
865
948

(2)
(2)

$300
332
381
440
470
515
512
569
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
$352
449
484
492
612
654
782
851
944
1,053

(2)
(2)
$488
418
469
565
580
626
709
715
896
1,102

(2)
(2)

$477
521
534
555
671
656
746
726
993
981

D EN V E R
$750-$999_____ _______________________ ______
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_____________________ ______ ____
$1,500-$1,749_______________________ _________
$1,750-$1,999................................................................
$2,000-$2,249_ ..............................................................
$2,250-$2,499____ __________________________
$2,500-$2,999_________________________________
$3,000-$3,499_________________________________
$3,500-$3,999_________________________________
$4,000-$4,999__________________________ ____
$5,000-$7,499______________________ _______

$292
302
347
346
458
466
498
521
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

$378
423
479
509
601
615
682
729
826
952

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749____________ _______________________
$750-$999______ _________ ____________________
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________
$1,250-$1,499______________________ ________
$1,500-$1,749____________________ ____ _______
$1,750-$1,999_______________ ______ _________ _
$2,000-$2,249__________ ___ _____ ____________
$2,250-$2,499_................................................ ...............
$2,500-$2,999........ ........................................................
$3,000-$3,499_____________ _____________ _____
$3,500-$3,999................................................................
$4,000-$4,999................................. ................................

$244
242
290
340
364
389
391
475
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

$255
295
326
377
409
445
490
529
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
$365
398
455
439
561
541
579
656
660
871

(2)
(2)
$348
395
433
507
540
567
619
615
649
770

ROCKY M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749........................................................................
$750-$999_______ ____________________________
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_____________ ___________________
$1,500-$!,749..........................................................
$1,750-$1,999________________________________
$2,000-$2,249______________________ __________
$2,250-$2,499.................................................................
$2,500-$2,999________ ___________ ______ _____
$3,000-$3,499..............................................................
$3,600-$3,999........ .......................................................
$4,000-$4,999_................................................................

$238
274
304
336
358
431
415
436
(*>
(2)
(2)
(2)

$274
292
312
365
382
420
444
498
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)

$344
385
421
519
581
586
686
691
779
765

(2)
(2)
$311
401
373
460
497
557
573
619
673
734

1 Includes money expenditures for housing (rents, taxes, and current upkeep of owned homes) and for
fuel, light, and refrigeration, and the value of housing and fuel obtained without money expense.
3 Expenditure schedules not taken for families at this income level.




HOME MAINTENANCE

43

It is significant that wage-earner families had relatively lo w total
value of housing even though they owned homes more frequently
than those in the clerical and salaried groups.8 In general, home
ownership was most common among the self-employed families,
followed by families in the wage-earner group. Only at scattered
income levels did families in the several occupational groups report
rent received as gift or pay.
Differences among the occupational groups in average expenditures
for household operation were not great.9 In general, the wage-earner
and clerical groups tended to have lower expenditures for both house
hold help and supplies and services than did business and professional
families.10
The amounts spent for furnishings and equipment appeared to be
relatively unaffected by the occupational classification of the fam
ilies.11 While the data suggest a slight tendency for wage-earner
families to rank fairly high in this category, the differences were not
sufficient to show a definite occupational patterning of expenditures in
this field of consumption.
The relatively low level of spending by wage-earner families for
housing and household operation is reflected in a corresponding rank
for this occupational group in the broader category, home maintenance.
(See table 17.) Business and professional families had the highest
expenditures for home maintenance. In Denver, however, clerical
families ranked above the independent business and professional
families.
8 It appears that wage-earner families had less valuable homes or smaller equities in their homes than
did families in white-collar occupational groups,
fl See Tabular Summary, table 5.
10 Such differences were usually small, but were fairly consistent, when the effect of the varying family
type composition of the occupational groups was eliminated, see appendix D.
11 See Tabular Summary, table 2, and appendix D.




44
T

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
able

17.—

A verage expenditures fo r home m aintenance,1 by occupational group
Wage
earner

Income class

Clerical

Independ
Salaried
ent
business
and pro Business
Profes
fessional
sional

OM AHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS
$750-$999____________________________________
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________
$1,250-$1,499________________________________
$1,500-$1,749________________________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________________________
$2,000-$2,249________________________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________________________
$2,600-$2,999_________________________________
$3,000-$3,499____ ____ _______________________
$3,500-$3,999___________________________ _____
$4,000-$4,999_________________________________
$5,000-$7,499_________________________________

$333
431
500
542
599
650
745
744

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

$400
497
527
636
669
715
741
822

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
$438
550
616
668
757
842
1,023
1,186
1,278
1,489

(2)
(2)
$585
562
674
698
760
826
927
983
1,166
1,563

(2)
(2)

$556
634
707
745
665
870
952
1,073
1,381
1,474

$633
644
621
716
815
858
1,002
1,111
1,243
1,435

$549
657
697
691
827
894
998
1,015
1,294
1,414

D EN V E R
$750-$999____ ________ ______________________
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________________________
$2,500-$2,999_________________________________
$3,000-$3,499_________________________________
$3,500-$3,999_________________________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________________________
$5,000-$7,499____ _________ _____ _____________

$352
376
447
462
597
701
677
696
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

$361
426
501
569
628
679
659
767
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

$457
542
622
711
795
851
943
951
1,162
1,336

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749____________________________ ______ _
$750-$999_____ ______________________________
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________________________
$2,500-$2,999_________________________________
$3,000-$3,499_________________________________
$3,500-$3,999_________________________________
$4,000-$4,999________________________________

$272
299
360
435
466
539
528
587
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

$297
343
402
469
534
576
642
693
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
$459
533
569
594
727
781
798
866
936
1,269

(2)
(2)
$463
521
571
648
719
753
826
888
872
1,094

ROCKY M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749____________________________________
$750-$999____________________________________
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________________________
$2,250-$2,499________________________________
$2,500-$2,999_________________________________
$3,000-$3,499_________________________________
$3,500-$3,999_________________________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________________________

$290
328
387
439
485
615
563
612
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

$309
382
411
485
486
564
593
680
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
$442
478
548
690
737
772
919
973
1,114
1,199

(2)
(2)
$425
512
508
649
656
759
804
930
997
1,117

1 Includes all current money expenditures for housing (rents, taxes, and current upkeep of owned homes)
for fuel, light, and refrigeration, for household operation, furnishings and equipment, and the value of hous
ing and fuel received without money expense.
3 Expenditure schedules were not taken for families at this income level.




45

HOME MAINTENANCE

E xp en d itu res fo r hom e m ainten ance am ong fa m ily typ e g ro u p s .— Fam
ily composition was not an important factor in determining the level
of spending for the categories included in home maintenance. Hous
ing values varied irregularly among the family type groups, with no
consistent differences in the several communities, suggesting that the
larger the family, the less adequate the housing facilities generally
enjoyed. (See table 18.) The proportion of home owners, on the
other hand, was usually relatively low among families with one or two
children.12 This may reflect the fact that such families tend to be
younger, on the whole, than either the husband and wife families or
those of three to six persons, at least three of them 16 or over (types
IV and V ), and hence less likely to have established themselves
sufficiently to undertake the purchase of homes.
T a b l e 18.— Average expenditures for h o u s in g b y fa m ily type
Family ty p e2
Income class

$750-$999___________________________
$1,000-$1,249________________________
$1,250-$1,499________________________
$1,500-$1,749________________________
$1,750-$1,999________________________
$2,000-$2,249________________________
$2,250-$2,499________________________
$2,500-$2,999________________________
$3,000-$2,499________________________
$3,500-$3,999________________________
$4,000-$4,999________________________
$5,000-$7,499________ _____ __________

II and III IV and V

I

II and III IV and V

I

West Central

Rocky Mountain

Omaha-Council Bluffs

Denver

$316
421
441
467
479
541
547
607
720
749
971

$279
336
407
424
541
530
590
615
706
780
967
961

$325
365
410
505
467
529
592
623
714
763
896
961

$309
323
339
394
465
488
506
599
709
749
885
1,004

$275
274
359
399
468
510
590
608
720
765
903
1,194

$308
342
404
410
474
491
535
567
752
794
891
1,009

$251
245
312
338
364
409
440
493
599
720
621

$275
290
332
339
392
470
470
476
622
630
753
814

Middle-sized cities
$500-$749________ ___________________
$750-$999___________________________
$1,000-$1,249________________________
$1,250-$1,499________________________
$1,500-$1,749________________________
$1,750-$1,999________________________
$2,000-$2,249________________________
$2,250-$2,499________________________
$2,500-$2,999________________________
$3,000-$3,499________________________
$3,500-$3,999________________________
$4,000-$4,999__________________ _____

1
2

$236
242
342
373
393
431
491
548
551
621
575
767

$233
243
268
346
381
407
458
482
646
620
759
726

$269
282
331
363
406
439
458
519
604
634
662
854

$229
302
293
371
358
446
451
519
631
621
655
745

686

Includes money expenditures for housing (rents, taxes, and current upkeep of owned homes) and for
fuel, light, and refrigeration, and the value of housing and fuel obtained without money expense.
The 5 family types are distinguished on the basis of the number and age of members other than husband
and wife, as follows:
Type
I No other persons (families of 2).
II 1 child under 16 (families of 3).
III 2 children under 16 (families of 4).
IV 1 person 16 or over and 1 or no other person, regardless of age (families of 3 or 4).
V 1 child under 16, 1 person 16 or over, and 1 or 2 others, regardless of age (families of 5 or 6).
See Tabular Summary, table 4-A.

22




46

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Expenditures for furnishings and equipment, like those for housing,
have little relationship to family type, in the West Central-Rocky
Mountain cities. Families with children under 16, however, usually
made relatively large outlays for household operation, reflecting their
more frequent employment of household help to take care of the
additional demands upon the homemaker resulting from the presence
of children in the household.13
When expenditures for housing, household operation, and furnishings
are considered in combination, they appear remarkably similar for
families of different composition. (See table 19.)

T a b l e 19,— Average expenditures for home m a in te n a n c e b y fa m ily type
Family typ e2
Income class

$750-$999_________ ______ :__________
$1,000-$1,249________________________
$1,250-$1,499________________________
$1,500-$1,749________________________
$1,750-$1,999________________________
$2,000-$2,249________________________
$2,250-$2,499________________________
$2,500-$2,999________________________
$3,000-$3,499________________________
$3,500-$3,999________________________
$4,000-$4,999________________________
$5,000-$7,499________________________

I

II and III IV and V

II and III IV and V

I

West Central

Rocky Mountain

Omaha-Council Bluffs

Denver

$369
501
541
614
683
740
801
799
916
1,039
1,395
(t)

$383
430
491
608
568
703
817
948
1,066
, 210
1,425

$325
433
518
561
675
678
760
846
1,060
1,126
1,360
1,455

666

1

$360
397
424
505
653
707
659
769
944
1,135
1,173
1,469

$335
358
480
536
598
675
772
855
992
1,065
1,294
1,707

$387
422
503
523
597
689
691
752
970
998
1,162
1,392

$294
296
403
457
469
590
597
697
849
1,077
1,037

$310
360
415
432
504
617
608
660
845
827
1,073
1,204

Middle-sized cities
$500-$749____________________________
$750-$999____________________________
$1,000-$1,249________________________
$1,250-$1,499________________________
$1,500-$1,749________________________
$1,750-$1,999________________________
$2,000-$2,249________________________
$2,250-$2,499________________________
$2,500-$2,999________________________
$3,000-$3,499________ ________________
$3,500-$3,999____________________ ___
$4,000-$4,999_____________________ _

$262
287
432
472
518
603
646
722
763
1,017
792
1,114

$258
308
343
459
511
543
631
653
903
852
1,089

1,102

$309
332
395
454
499
568
594
636
793
830
887
1,208

$287
364
383
472
508
631
611
684
859
1,005
934
1,165

1,100

1 Includes all current money expenditures for housing (rents, taxes, and current upkeep of owned homes)
for fuel, light, and refrigeration, for household operation, furnishings and equipment, and the value of
housing and fuel received without money expense.
The 5 family types are distinguished on the basis of the number and age of members other than husband
and wife, as follows:

2

Type^

: No other persons (families of 2).
II 1 child under 16 (families of 3).
III 2 children under 16 (families of 4).
IV 1 person 16 or over and 1 or no other person, regardless of age (families of 3 or 4).
V 1 child under 16,1 person 16 or over, and 1 or 2 others, regardless of age (families of 5 or 6).
t Fewer than 3 cases.

S u m m a ry .—Expenditures for housing, next in importance to food,
rose with income in the West Central-Rocky Mountain communities
*3 See Tabular Summary, tables 2 and 5.




47
studied, but declined over the income range as a proportion of total
expenditures for current living. Omaha families spent more for
housing than did the corresponding income groups in Denver, but
there were no consistent differences in housing expenditures between
the two middle-sized city units. As in most regions covered by the
Study the level of housing expenditures was higher in the large cities
than in those of middle size.
Expenditures for household operation, unlike those for housing,
increased rapidly enough with income to account for an increasing
proportion of total expenditures in successive income classes, while
those for furnishings and equipment increased less regularly over the
income range.
These three categories together generally accounted for more than
30 percent of total expenditures, and showed a very slight tendency
toward declining relative importance over the income range.
A very clear occupational difference was found in the level of
housing expenditures, in which wage-earner families quite consistently
ranked lower than any other occupational group. On the whole, aver
age outlay for household operation likewise was lowest among wage
earners.
Family composition had relatively little to do with the level of
expenditures for the categories included in home maintenance. There
was some indication, however, that families with one or two children
under 16 had larger average outlays for household operation than did
other families, chiefly due to their more frequent employment of paid
household help.




HOME MAINTENANCE

Chapter V
Clothing and Personal Care

For most of the income groups studied in the West Central-Rocky
Mountain region, clothing 1 took the next largest share of total ex
penditures after food and housing, although this share was much
smaller than that for the other two basic categories. Among families
with incomes under $1,500 in all cities, less than one-tenth of total
money expenditures went for clothing, as compared with more than
one-third allocated to food, and about one-third to home maintenance.
The proportion of total money expenditures allotted to clothing
approximately doubled over the income range in Omaha and Denver,
and increased by more than 60 percent in the middle-sized cities.
(See table 20.) Such elasticity is a characteristic commonly asso
ciated with goods the demand for which is not closely related to
physical requirements. Although basic clothing items are almost by
definition necessity goods, it is nevertheless true that once these basic
physical requirements are met additional supplies of clothing partake
of the nature of luxury items the demand for which tends to be elastic,
i. e., to increase more rapidly than total expenditures. The very small
average outlays made by families at the lowest income levels suggest
that they purchased little clothing beyond that necessary for covering
and warmth. The rapid rise in expenditures at succeeding income
levels suggests, on the other hand, that style factors become steadily
more important and that the purchase of luxury apparel and jewelry
become increasingly prevalent. Nevertheless, an upper limit (flexible
to be sure) to clothing expenditures is indicated by the fact that the
most rapid increase in relative size of clothing expenditures took
place between the low and intermediate income levels, and that above
the $2,500 or $3,000 income classes there was no consistent gain in
the relative importance of this category. These facts suggest that
wants for more and better apparel meet increasing competition from
other wants after fairly moderate amounts have been spent in this way.
i Expenditures for clothing included all wearing apparel, accessories, and jewelry, as well as outlays for
cleaning and pressing and for materials and paid help used in making garments.

48




CLOTHING AND PERSONAL CARE
T able

49

20.— A verage m oney expenditures fo r clothing and personal care
Percentage of total money
expenditures

Amount
Income class

Clothing
Clothing
and per
Personal and per Clothing Personal
sonal care Clothing
care
sonal care
care
combined
combined
OMAHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS

$500-$749...............................................$750-$999..............................................
$1,000-$1,249............................................
$1,250-$1,499______________________
$1,500-$1,749______________________
$1,750-$1,999_____ _________________
$2,000-$2,249______________________
$2,250-$2,499______________________
$2,500-$2,999______________________
$3,000-$3,499_____ _________________
$3,500-$3,999______________________
$4,000-$4,999____ __________________
$5,000-$7,499____ __________________
$7,500 and over____________________

$53
96
125
150
178
211
234
259
321
392
418
474
751
1,107

$35
70
98
118
142
170
190
208
269
322
354
396
630
968

$18
26
27
32
36
41
44
51
52
70
64
78
121
139

6.2
10.1
10.7
11.2
11.8
12.7
12.8
13.1
14.4
14.6
13.7
13.5
16.4
14.4

4.1
7.4
8.4
8.8
9.4
10.2
10.4
10.5
12.1
12.0
11.6
11.3
13.8
12.6

2.1
2.7
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.4
2.6
2.3
2.6
2. 1
2.2
2.6
1.8

$16
21
28
34
39
39
42
47
53
59
64
73
94
110

8.4
10.4
11.9
12.2
12.9
12.4
12.7
13.6
14.0
14.3
14.1
15.4
15.5
13.8

6.3
8.1
9.4
9.8
10.4
10.2
10.6
11.3
11.8
12.1
12.1
13.3
13.4
12.3

2.1
2.3
2.5
2.4
2.5
2. 2
2.1
2.3
2.2
2.2
2.0
2.1
2.1
1.5

7.5
7.1
8.7
9.4
9.7
10.3
10.4
12.0
11.3
11.5
12.2
13.4
14.1
12.1

2.3
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.3
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.1
2.0
2.0
1.7

8.1
8.8
9.6
10.0
9.8
11.0
10.9
11.7
12.8
12.0
12.0
14.2
11.5

2.2
2.8
2.5
2.6
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.5
2.2
2.3

D EN V E R
$500-$749...................................................
$750-$999._ ______________ _______
$1,000-$1,249____ ____ _____________
$1,250-$1,499 _____ ________________
$1,500-$1,749._______ ______________
$1,750-$1,999 _____________________
$2,000-$2,249______________________
$2,250-$2,499__________ ____ _______
$2,500-$2,999 ________ ________ ____
$3,000-$3,499................................... .........
$3,500-$3,999 ____ _________________
$4,000-$4,999_ _____ ___ _____ ______
$5,000-$7,499. ____________________
$7,500 and over____________________

$63
94
133
169
205
216
251
281
332
380
453
525
698
994

$47
73
105
135
166
177
209
234
279
321
389
452
604
884

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499__________ _______________
$500-$749__________________________
$750-$999__________ _______________
$1,000-$1,249______________________
$1,250-$1,499_______ _______________
$1,500-$1,749______ ________________
$1,750-$1,999______________________
$2,000-$2,249_______ ____ __________
$2,250-$2,499______________________
$,2500-$2,999______ ________________
$3,000-$3,499_ _____ ________________
$3,500-$3,999_________________ ____
$4,000-$4,999_____ _________________
$5,000 and over____________________

$60
62
97
127
154
186
209
263
257
316
367
425
504
591

$46
47
77
102
123
152
172
222
214
266
314
369
440
519

$14
15
20
25
31
34
37
41
43
50
53
56
64
72

9.8
9.3
10.9
11.7
12.1
12.6
12.6
14.2
13.6
13.7
14.3
15.4
16.1
13.8

ROCKY M OUNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499___________ ______________
$500-$749__________________________
$750-$999__________________________
$1,000-$1,249______________________
$1,250-$1,499______________________
$1,500-$1,749___________________ _
$1,750-$1,999______________________
$2,000-$2,249............................................
$2,250-$2,499.............................................
$2,500-$2,999______________________
$3,000-$3,499______________________
$3,500-$3,999______________________
$4,000-$4,999___ ____ ______________
$5,000 and over____________________




$69
96
109
150
177
189
243
263
296
377
388
446
588
714

$54
73
85
118
142
150
199
214
246
317
318
369
508
597

$15
23
24
32
35
39
44
49
50
60
70
77
80
117

10.3
11.6
11.3
12.2
12.5
12.3
13.4
13.4
14.1
15.2
14.6
14.5
16.4
13.8

8.8

50

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Average family clothing expenditures amounted to less than $50
for the year among families with incomes below $750 in all the city
units covered by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in the West CentralRocky Mountain region, except Butte and Pueblo. (See table 20.)
Among families with incomes of $1,500 to $1,750 average clothing
expenditures ranged from $140 to $170, and among all groups with
incomes above $3,000 they exceeded $300. The highest average out
lay for this category ($968) was reported by Omaha families with
incomes of $7,500 and over. Apportioned equally among the family
members, such an expenditure would average more than $260 per
person, or a twenty-fivefold increase above the average outlay of
approximately $11 per person among families with incomes of $500
to $750.2
In most income groups the level of outlay for clothing was generally
higher in the cities of the Rocky Mountain area than in the correspond
ing city unit in the West Central area. With few exceptions, like
wise, families in each of the middle-sized cities spent more for clothing
than did those in the large city in the same area. A similar difference
between cities of large and middle-size was observed in a number of
other regions in which the Study was conducted.
Since clothing expenditures are personal in nature, intercity differ
ences might be expected to reflect differences in family size. The
higher clothing expenditures in the middle-sized cities were at least
in part attributable to such differences, since families in the middlesized cities were generally larger than those of families in the large
city of the same area.3
Differences in clothing expenditures between the Rocky Mountain
and West Central areas are not, however, attributable to differences in
family size. The average number of persons per family was generally
greater in the West Central than in the Rocky Mountain cities of
comparable size. Thus, the relatively high average clothing expendi
tures of families in the Rocky Mountain area reflect at least in part
higher prices, and perhaps in part also more extensive purchases of
clothing than were characteristic of families in the West Central area.4
Average clothing expenditures of husbands and wives were about
equal at the lower income levels, with those of the former tending to
exceed those of the latter. Thus, when family economies are neces
sary, they often take the form, in part, of an extremely small clothing
allowance for the wife, unless she is gainfully employed at work which
requires a considerable outlay for apparel. The expenditures of the

2 For figures on average number of persons per family, see Tabular Summary, table 2.
3 Differences between clothing prices in large and middle-sized cities appear to have been negligible in
1935. See Works Progress Administration, Research Monograph XII, Intercity Differences in Costs of
Living in March, 1935, 59 Cities, Washington, 1937, appendix B.
4 Clothing costs in Denver were slightly higher than the average for cities in the same size group in 1935.
while in Butte they were almost one-sixth greater than the average for cities of 25,000 to 100,000 population.
See Works Progress Administration, Research Monograph XII. Intercity Differences in Costs of Living
in March 1935. 59 Cities, Washington, 1937, appendix B.




CLOTHING AND PERSONAL CARE

51

wives increased more rapidly over the income range, however, than
did those of the husbands, with the result that at the highest levels
the wives reported clothing outlays substantially above those of the
husbands. This difference accords with common observation on the
greater opportunity in currently accepted styles for luxury expendi
tures in women’s dress.
Expenditures for personal care.—Since expenditures for personal care
(including barber and beauty shop services, toilet articles and prepa
rations) are closely related to those for clothing the data concerning
them are presented at this point.
In contrast to the rapid increase in average clothing expenditures,
those for personal care increased only five to eight times over
the income range. (See table 20.) Moreover, while clothing outlays
took a growing share of total expenditures, the amounts spent for
personal care increased at about the same rate as the total, consti
tuting between 2 and 3 percent of aggregate money outlay at almost
every income level in the four urban units. They averaged less than
$25 a year among all families studied with incomes below $1,000, and
equalled $100 or more only among families with incomes of $5,000
and over in Omaha and the Rocky Mountain middle-sized cities, and
$7,500 and over in Denver. The relatively constant proportion of
total expenditures allotted to personal care is indicative of the extent
to which such goods and services have become established as part of
the American level of living, even among families with low incomes.
Expenditures for personal care are divided into two major groups
of items: beauty parlor or barber shop services and toilet articles and
preparations. At the lower income levels, in the four city units, the
latter group of items took about three-fifths of the personal care total.
At successive income levels, outlays for personal services assumed in
creasing importance, until, at the highest levels, they absorbed about
three-fifths of the total.5
Expenditures jor clothing and personal care among occupational
groups.—The occupational classification of a family had a clear though
limited influence on its outlays for clothing and personal care. In
both Denver and Omaha, salaried business families had the highest
average expenditures for both categories. (See table 21.) There
were no consistent differences, however, among the other occupational
groups. In the middle-sized city units, families in the wage-earner
group tended to spend the least for clothing, while families in the
salaried group ranked at the opposite extreme. Expenditures for
personal care were very similar in all occupational groups in these two
city units.6
5 See Tabular Summary, table 7.
6 When simple averages are computed, giving the average for each constituent type group an equal
weight, no sharp occupational differences appear in personal care expenditures. In respect to clothing,
however, salaried business families clearly rank high in Denver and Omaha while in the middle-sized
cities families in the wage-earner group rank markedly below other occupational groups. (See appendix D .)




52

WEST CENTRAL-KOOKY MOUNTAIN REGION

T

able

.

21 — A verage m oney expenditures fo r clothing an d personal care , by
occupational group

Personal care

Clothing
Income class

Salaried
Inde
Salaried
Inde
pendent
pendent
Cleri business
Wage Cleri business
earner cal
and
and
Busi Profes
Profes earner cal profes
profes Busi
ness sional
ness
sional
sional
sional
W age

OM AHA-COUNCIL BLU FFS
$750-$999-............
$1,000-$1,249_____
$1,250-$1,499_____
$1,500-$1,749_____
$1,750-$1,999_____
$2,000-$2,249_____
$2,250-$2,499_____
$2,500-$2,999_____
$3,000-$3,499_____
$3,500-$3,999..........
$4,000-$4,999_____
$5,000-$7,499_____

$68
98
116
150
178
183
175
236
0)
(0
0)
0)

$74
98
126
132
160
198
222
263
0)
0)
0)
0)

0
0)$94
130
154
216
211
314
288
361
363
421

0)
0)
$136
156
206
171
242
287
370
366
441
755

P)
0)
$129
145
158
166
201
286
280
324
334
565

$27
28
32
37
35
42
52
53
0)
0)
0)
0

$25
26
32
35
45
43
55
50
0)
(4
0)
0)

0)
0)$28
37
43
54
42
55
68
64
83
82

0)
(4

$20
27
30
40
38
43
50
49
0)
0)
0)
0)

$23
32
39
38
40
40
49
54
0)
0)
0)
0)

0)
0)$31
38
37
44
42
53
52
58
62
95

0)
0)
$43
37
43
45
44
53
59
76
81
102

$41
38
44
45
51
50
72
64
77
146

P)

h

$40
33
44
43
36
52
66
64
61
91

D EN V E R
$73
96
122
169
167
226
234
214
0)
0)
(0
(0

$75
130
159
158
183
197
226
286
0)
0)
0)
0)

0)
0)
$115
154
170
199
218
332
280
372
370
668

0)
0)$169
233
196
217
282
287
347
419
503
536

0)
0)
$151
165
196
204
239
281
345
349
467
597

W EST C ENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749................
$750-$999________
$1,000-$1,249_........
$1,250-$1,499_____
$1,500-$1,749_____
$1,750-$1,999_____
$2,000-$2,249_____
$2,250-$2,499.........
$2,500-$2,999_........
$3,000-$3,499_____
$3,500-$3,999_........
$4,000-$4,999..........

$43
73
96
120
143
160
220
196
0)
0)
0)
0)

$64
91
111
109
172
175
229
219
0)
0)
0)
0)

0)
0)$111
154
149
200
195
233
273
285
348
478

(1}
0)
$119
142
153
186
233
220
261
325
384
419

$14
19
25
30
34
37
42
41
0)
0)
0)
0)

$18
25
25
29
36
37
41
43
p)

CP)1)

0)

P)

0)
(0$24
33
31
38
42
44
52
47
59
59

0)
$29
37
33
38
40
48
50
56
55
67

0)
0)$29
34
39
56
47
54
63
67
65
74

0)
0)
$36
36
40
48
49
49
57
71
84
84

ROCKY M O UN TAIN : M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749................ $74
86
$750-$999________
$1,000-$1,249_____ 117
$1,250-$1,499_____ 141
$1,500-$1,749_____ 135
$1,750-$1,999_____ 186
$2,000-$2,249_____ 206
$2,250-$2,499_____ 238
$2,500-$2,999____ 0)
$3,000-$3,499____ 0)
$3,500-$3,999......... 0)
$4,000-$4,999_____ (»)

$70
81
128
153
173
212
214
243
0)
0)
0)
0)

0)
0)$104
133
155
204
217
237
312
303
384
471

0)
(0
$132
129
170
215
237
275
320
325
358
535

$23
25
32
34
38
42
51
52
0)
0)
0)
0)

1 Expenditure schedules not taken for families at this income level.




$21
25
32
40
41
41
47
45
0)
0)
0)
(0

8

$40
35
38
§o£o©

$750-$999................
$1,000-$1,249..........
$1,250-$1,499_____
$1,500-$1,749_____
$1,750-$1,999____
$2,000-$2,249_........
$2,250-$2,499_____
$2,500-$2,999_____
$3,000-$3,499_____
$3,500-$3,999_____
$4,000-$4,999_____
$5,000-$7,499_____

47
73

68

T able

CLOTHING AND PERSONAL CARE
53
22.—Average annual money expenditures of husbands and wives for clothing,
by occupational group
Husbands

Income class

Wives

Inde
Salaried
Inde
Salaried
pendent
pendent
Wage Cleri business
Wage Cleri business
and
earner cal
and
Profes earner cal profes
Busi Profes
profes Busi
ness sional
sional
sional ness sional
OM AHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS

$750-$999__............
$1,000-$1,249..........
$1,250-$!,499..........
$1,500-$1,749_____
$1,750~$1,999_____
$2,OO0-$2,249_____
$2,250-$2,499_____
$2,500-$2,999_........
$3,000-$3,499_____
$3,500-$3,999..........
$4,000-$4,999_____
$5,000-$7,499....... .

$26
38
40
61
64
64
59
72

0)
0)
0)
0)

$30
35
48
51
56
70
61
88

CO
(0
(0
(0

(0
(0$30

48
54
63
80
96
89
124
121
132

8$66 8$44
57
82
63
96
93
144
141
163
208

48
52
64
66
90
96
127
122
153

(0
(0$31

0)
(0
(0
(0

$32
40
44
51
64
74
82
88

(0
(0
(0
(0

54
64
98
77
114
99
125
143
126

$27
38
48
70
57
89
97
72
(0
(0
(0
(0

$35
53
61
60
68
76
85
118
0)
0)
0)
0)

0)
0)
$49
58
71
64
79
151
103
139
134
251

$26
37
46
56
62
56
63
80

8$5355 8$7056
88
59
104
110
137
134
166
391

48
54
106
117
100
123
87
195

D EN VER
$750-$999________
$1,000-$! ,249_____
$1,250-$1,499_____
$1,500-$1,749_____
$1,750-$1,999_____
$2,000-$2,249____
$2,250-$2,499____
$2,500-$2,999_____
$3,000-$3,499_____
$3,500-$3,999_____
$4,000-$4,999____
$5,000-$7,499____

$28
33
43
60
62
71
85
57
(0
(0
(0
(0

$27
46
57
56
66
72
76
89
(0
(0
(0
(0

(0
(0
$38
49
64
65
69
100
84
106
115
203

(0
(0
$56
77
73
77
89
104
123
145
181
186

(0
(0
$50
72
68
69
77
96
122
106
141
121

(0
0)
$55
106
78
78
106
118
131
168
194
223

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749________
$750-$999________
$1,000~$1,249_____
$1,250-$1,499_____
$1,500-$1,749_____
$1,750-$1,999_____
$2,000-$2,249____
$2,250-$2,499____
$2,500-$2,999____
$3,000-$3,499____
$3,500-$3,999_____
$4,000-^4,999____

$12
22
33
38
44
47
61
61
0)
0)
0)
0)

$25
32
38
41
60
57
86
74
0)
0)
(0
(0

(0
0)
$36
54
44
68
69
64
90
81
105
134

(0
0)
$43
53
52
65
73
76
78
95
123
127

$13
28
33
42
46
55
61
52
0)
(0
0)
0)

$20
36
42
39
51
61
82
66
0)
0)
0)
0)

(0
0)
$38
55
58
67
76
69
90
108
132
203

0)
0)
$47
50
57
70
86
81
98
135
135
151

0)
0)
$47
50
56
86
84
83
106
108
147
172

0)
(0
$55
54
68
94
91
110
113
119
141
189

ROCKY M OUNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749________
$750-$999________
$1,000-$1,249____
$1,250-$1,499_.....
$1,500-$1,749____
$1,750-$1,999_____
$2,000~$2,249____
$2,250-$2,499____
$2,50O-$2,999____
$3,000-$3,499_____
$3,500-$3,999..........
$4,000-$4,999____

$27
30
38
49
52
66
65
73
0)
0)
0)
0)

$35
29
47
57
70
78
80
94
0)
C1)
0)
0)

C1)
0)
$32
48
57
70
81
78
96
114
121
172

0)
(0
$50
47
67
78
98
105
108
109
135
161

$28
29
52
54
50
73
78
85
0)
0)
0)
0)

Expenditure schedules not taken for families at this income level.




$26
33
53
61
68
88
76
94
0)
v1)
0)
0)

0)
0)

$67
62
87
88
111
107
124
119
160
158

54

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

The relatively large clothing expenditures of families in the two
salaried groups combined in the middle-sized cities, probably reflects
the predominance of salaried business families, which, in the large
cities, had the highest expenditures. The fact that the clothing ex
penditures of the wage-earner families in the middle-size cities were
lower in relation to those of families in other occupational groups than
was the case in the large cities is rather surprising, since it might be
anticipated that occupational differences, especially in respect to
clothing expenditures, would be more sharply defined the larger the
city. It may be, however, that there was a larger proportion of wives
working outside the home among the wage-earner group in the two
larger cities. If that were the case, it would account for their rela
tively large clothing expenditures in Omaha and Denver.
When the clothing expenditures of husbands and wives are examined
separately, in both Omaha and Denver, husbands in the salaried
business group ranked clearly above those in other occupational groups,
while among the wives those in the two salaried groups shared first
place. (See table 22.) In the West Central middle-sized cities,
husbands and wives in the wage-earner group ranked low in respect
to clothing expenditures, while in Butte and Pueblo husbands and
wives in the wage-earner group shared low rank with those in the
independent business and professional group.
F a m ily typ e differences in ex p en d itu resfo r clothing an d person al care .—
As might be expected, the size and composition of families had more
influence on the level of clothing outlay than did occupational clas
sification. Quite clearly, in the four urban units in the West CentralRocky Mountain region, average family expenditures for clothing and
personal care were in direct relationship to family size. (See table 23.)
With few exceptions, the two-person families had the lowest expendi
tures and the families containing three to six members, with at least
three members 16 or over (types IV and V), had the highest. It
should be noted, however, that in the Rocky Mountain middle-sized
cities, where expenditures for personal care were generally highest,
family type differences were least clear in respect to this category.7
i When occupation and income are held constant, the direct relationship between family size and expendi
tures for clothing and personal care is in general clearly marked. (See appendix D .)




55

CLOTHING AND PERSONAL CARE
T able

23 .—Average money expenditures for clothing and personal care, by family

type

Family type *
II and III IV and V

I

Income class

I

II and III IV and V

Clothing

Personal care

OMAHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS
$750-$999............... ......................................
$1,C00-$1,249_____________________ —
$1,250-SI.499______________________ $1,500-$1,749..........................— .............$1,750-$1,999...........................................—
$2,000-$2,249— ------------ -------------------$2,250-$2,499_____ ____________ _____ $2,500-$2,999_______ _________________
$3,000-$3,499_____ ___________________
$3,500-13,999________________________
$4,000-$4,999..........................- ...............$5,000-$7,499................................................

(t)

$59
106
97
130
148
168
200
213
302
344
384

$79
87
130
151
170
185
205
284
307
332
337
606

$67
106
124
145
192
212
216
292
352
377
440
522

$28
27
29
30
38
40
50
45
63
54
81

$27
27
31
38
44
41
52
52
59
66
65
111

$22
27
38
39
41
48
52
56
84
70
83
106

$19
29
30
38
33
38
41
46
47
82
66
116

$20
27
36
37
41
42
46
53
62
57
71
92

$25
28
36
41

$12
17
22
26
32
36
38
35
30
48
50
58

$15
19
25
32
34
36
38
40
51
49
52
53

$17
25
28
33
35
39
46
50
60
58
61
72

$23
25
31
39
37
46
50
50
52
74
83
85

$19
30
32
38
44
43
53
49
68
75
72
90

(t)

D EN V ER
$750-$999___________________ ______ $1,000-$1,249_____________________ —
$1,250-$1,499------------------------------------$1,500-$1,749_______ _________________
$1,750-$1,999............................................$2,000-$2,249________________________
$2,250-$2,499..............................................$2,500-$2,999____ -___________________
$3,000-$3,499.................. — ........................
$3,500-$3,999.................----------------------$4,000-$4,999_______ _______ _________
$5,000-$7,499_____ ___________________

$58
100
113
147
163
163
208
243
282
373
390
579

$82
107
140
166
184
202
230
290
297
364
469
473

$81
112
152
187
189
257
263
300
362
423
487
691

43
45
53

58
58
80
84

65

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749___________________________
$750-$999 ___________________ ____
$1,000-$1,249 ________ ____ ___ ____
$1,250-$1,499 ......................—..................
$1,500-$1,749 ____________________
$1,750-$1,999 ..........................................
$2,000-$2,249 ____ _____ _____________
$2,250-$2,499 _______________________
$2,500-$2,999 _____ __________________
$3,000-$3,499 _____ __________________
$3,500-$3,999 _ ____ ________________
$4,000-$4,999_ _______ ________________

$29
60
81
105
101
130
220
138
163
310
316
322

$49
77
106
129
176
173
198
229
259
279
311
370

$64
93
118
129
164
205
240
253
320
332
415
528

ROCKY M OUNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749.......................................................
$750-$999....................................................
$1,000-$1,249______ ___________ ____ $1,250-$1,499._____ ___________ ____ $1,500-$U49-------------------------- -------$1,750-$1,999_____ ______________ ____
$2,000-$2,249______________________
$2,250-$2,499.______ _________ _____
$2,500-$2,999_________ _____ _______ $3,000-$3,499_______________________ $3,500-$3,999________________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________ ______

$55
60
100
109
146
166
176
188
275
276
312
350

$95
92
133
145
148
217
214
258
271
334
383
557

$82
110
122
174
158
209
247
284
368
333
397
570

$23
20
32
28
37
41
44
50
53
59
77
57

i The 5 family types are distinguished on the basis of the number and age of members other than husband
and wife, as follows:
Type
I No other persons (families of 2).
II 1 child under 16 (families of 3).
III 2 children under 16 (families of 4).
IV 1 person 16 or over and 1 or no other person, regardless of age (families of 3 or 4).
V 1 child under 16,1 person 16 or over, and 1 or 2 others, regardless of age (families of 6 or 6).
t Fewer than 3 cases.

125010°—40------5




56

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

T a b l e 24.— Average annual money expenditures of husbands and wives for clothingy

by fam ily type

Family type 1
I

Income class

II and III IV and V

I

II and III IV and V

Husbands

Wives

OM AHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS
$28
48
49
64
70
73
79
99
147
172
187

$20
32
27
37
47
56
50
73
96
107
113
138

$31
56
48
66
78
94
109
114
154
172
192
(t)

$29
32
52
54
65
63
87
117
117
132
122
262

$16
26
30
41
51
47
53
72
90
96
131
172

$26
28
40
50
44
64
65
69
86
93
128
161

$30
57
63
82
80
88
111
140
143
194
234
340

$33
40
54
65
70
72
91
123
119
145
179
188

$19
26
39
50
45
80
76
85
99
117
112
193

WEST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$15
$11
$500-$749____________ _______________
$17
$13
28
26
$750-$999.............................. .......................
18
31
38
38
28
$1,000-$1,249.............................................
42
50
44
34
$1,250-$1,499................ ................................
54
51
$1,500-$1,749____ ___________________
63
36
50
61
63
43
$1,750-$1,999________________________
68
52
$2,000-$2,249____ _____ _______ ______
100
76
119
75
78
60
$2,250-$2,499............... ...............................
63
79
$2,500-$2,999________ ________________
86
83
81
125
$3,000-$3,499.......................................... .
82
79
185
143
$3,500-$3,999________________________
113
101
173
152
$4,000-$4,999____ ______ _____________
136
115
170

$18
31
38
47
69
64
69
91
103
107
147
160

$12
20
28
31
35
51
48
53
95
109
110
173

$32
32
55
59
57.
95
86
109
113
129
150
266

$17
27
37
42
44
59
71
76
95
85
118
146

$750-$999— ..................................................
$1,000-$1,249...............................................
$1,250-$1,499...................... ..........................
$1,500-$1,749...................... - .................—
$1,750-$1,999................................................
$2,000-$2,249...............................................
$2,250-$2,499.................................................
$2,500-$2,999_..............................................
$3,000-$3,499................................................
$3,500-$3,999................................................
$4,000-$4,999_..............................................
$5,000-$7,499...............................................

(t)

$29
32
48
64
65
71
76
97
112
130
137
217

D EN V ER
$750-$999___________ ________________
$1,000-$1,249________________________
$1,250-$1,499................ .............................
$1,500-$1,749................ .............................
$1,750-$1,999...............................................
$2,000-$2,249._.............................................
$2,250-$2,499................ ...........................
$2,500-$2,999________________________
$3,000-$3,499................................................
$3,500-$3,999.................................................
$4,000-$4,999________________________
$5,000-$7,499________ ________________

$28
43
50
62
82
73
94
102
139
161
156
239

$27
37
49
62
62
76
79
100
105
128
185
181

ROCKY M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749......................................................
$750-$999................................ ......................
$1,000-$1,249________________________
$1,250-$1,499............................... .................
$l,500-$l,749................ .............................
$1,750-$1,999_..............................................
$2,000-$2,249.............................................
$2,250-$2,499_..............................................
$2,500-$2,999................................................
$3,000-$3,499_.............. .........................
$3,500-$3,999................................................
$4,000-$4,999................................................

$27
30
41
49
76
79
90
90
138
127
141
174

$34
33
45
56
59
81
72
95
92
126
142
197

$20
25
30
44
39
52
68
76
92
91
110
144

$28
29
58
60
69
86
85
97
135
149
171
165

i
The 5 family types are distinguished on the basis of the number and age of members other than husband
and wife, as follows:
Type
I No other persons (families of 2).
II 1 child under 16 (families of 3).
III 2 children under 16 (families of 4).
IV 1 person 16 or over and 1 or no other person, regardless of age (families of 3 or 4).
V 1 child under 16, 1 person 16 or over, and 1 or 2 others, regardless of age (families of 5 or 6).
t Fewer than 3 cases.




57
In the large cities the level of clothing expenditures of husbands
and wives also showed a close correlation with family size, although
in inverse relationship. (See table 24.) Expenditures of husbands
and wives were generally largest in the two-person families and small
est in the families containing three to six members, at least three of
them 16 or over (types IV and V). In the middle-sized cities, although
the husbands and wives in these larger and older families likewise
clearly spent the least for clothing, husbands and wives in the twoperson families and in those with one or two children under 16 (types
II and III) had clothing expenditures that were very similar.
A comparison of expenditures of husbands and wives in the several
family type groups indicates that the expenditures of wives tended to
exceed those of husbands more frequently in the small than in the
larger families. This suggests that the clothing expenditures of hus
bands, generally the family earners, are more fixed than those of wives;
and supports the inference already made that necessary economies in
the family budget, when a family is large and general expenses heavy,
are more often affected through the wife’s clothing outlay than through
the husband’s.
S u m m a ry .—While personal care was a relatively rigid item in the
expenditures of the families studied in the West Central-Rocky
Mountain region, clothing expense increased over the income range
considerably more rapidly than total expenditures. Families in the
Rocky Mountain area generally spent more for clothing and personal
care than did those in the comparable city units in the West Central
area. Within each area, families in the middle-sized cities tended to
make larger outlays than did those in the large cities.
The occupational classification of a family had a clear but limited
relationship to such expenditures. In the large cities, salaried busi
ness families stood out as having the highest outlays for clothing and,
to a lesser extent, for personal care. In the smaller city units, on the
other hand, wage earners ranked low in clothing expenditures, but
there were no consistent differences in the outlays for personal care.
Family composition was closely related to expenditures for clothing
and personal care. The two-person families tended to spend the least
for both categories and the larger families with at least three members
16 or over the most.




CLOTHING AND PERSONAL CARE

Chapter V I
Transportation

The importance of transportation 1among the urban families studied
in the West Central-Rocky Mountain region appears clearly from its
position in relation to other consumption categories. In average
outlay, it is, of course, substantially less important than food or shelter,
but in this region expenditures for transportation compete with those
for clothing. There is, indeed, no mistaking the readiness of the
families studied to increase expenditures for transportation as rapidly
as income will permit. Denver families with incomes of $500 to
$750, for example, spent about six times as much for food as for
transportation, while those with incomes of $7,500 and more spent
less than one-third more for food than for transportation.
The comparatively large place given to transportation in the family
budget is mainly attributable to the prevalence of automobile owner
ship. At all income levels, at least two-thirds of all transportation
expenditures represented outlays for the family automobile, with its
uses in all spheres of family activity, social and recreational as well as
more purely utilitarian. Among families in the West CentralRocky Mountain region, more than half of those with incomes of
$1,000 or more were reported as automobile owners. In ButtePueblo, more than half of all families with incomes of $500 and over
owned cars.
It is interesting to compare the extent of automobile ownership in
the cities covered by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in the Study of
Consumer Purchases. The proportion of families owning automobiles
was generally greater in Denver than in any other large city, up to the
$4,000 level, but at higher levels ownership was most prevalent in
Portland. Among the middle-sized cities, the proportion of car
owning families was generally highest in the Pacific Northwest with
Butte and Pueblo ranking next. Car ownership tended to be less
common in Omaha than in Columbus, although clearly more common,
at given income levels, than in Providence or Atlanta.
1 This category of expenditure included three main items: net expense for automobile purchase (gross price
less trade-in allowance on old cars), expense of automobile operation and of other transportation, local and
interurban. An effort was made to eliminate from the family expenditures all transportation expense prop
erly chargeable to business carried on by family members. (Travel for business purposes was treated as an
occupational expense and deducted from income, see glossary, appendix B.) All other transportation was
included, however, from trolley trips to and from school and place of work to week-end or holiday trips
made by automobile, train, boat, or airplane.
58




TRANSPORTATION

59

Like clothing expenditures, expenditures for transportation in
creased more rapidly than total expenditures for current family living.
They increased even more rapidly over the income range, than did
those for clothing. They averaged $50 or less for families at the lowest
income levels, but over $500 for families with incomes of $5,000 and
more. (See table 25.) They thus approached average clothing ex
penditures in amount and at many levels actually exceeded them.
Among Denver families, average annual expenditures for transpor
tation equalled if they did not exceed those for clothing at every
income level between $500 and $4,000, and in Butte-Pueblo this was
true for all but two income groups between $1,000 and $4,000, re
flecting the great prevalence of automobile ownership in the Rocky
Mountain area. On the other hand, transportation expenditures
were the larger at only a few scattered income levels except above
$4,000 in Omaha.
Transportation expense accounted for from 2 to 8 percent of total
money expenditures among families with incomes of less than $1,000
in the several urban units, and 10 percent or more of the total among
families with incomes of $2,000 and over in Omaha, $1,750 and over
in Dubuque and Springfield, and $1,250 or over in the cities covered
in the Rocky Mountain area. (See fig. 3.) It is worth noting that
expenditures in this field showed a tendency to increase all the way up
the income scale in Omaha. In the other three urban units, however,
after increasing rather rapidly in the lower part of the scale, they
showed a tendency to level off, in relation to total expenditures, or
even to decline in relative importance among high income families.
This was particularly marked in the Rocky Mountain area. The ir
regularity in the pattern of expenditures is explained by the wide fluc
tuations in expenditures for transportation among families within the
same income and family-type groups. It was found that even among
families with similar economic status expenditures ranged from noth
ing at all to very large amounts.
Automobile 'purchase .2—Expenditures for automobile purchase, like
those for many of the durable items of furnishings and equipment,
are irregular in occurrence and vary considerably with general econo
mic conditions. In consequence, although the proportion of families
purchasing cars was greater at the high than at the low income levels,
the rise was extremely irregular.
The average expenditures for all families for automobile purchase
increased very rapidly with income. In the lower portion of the in
come scale these all-family averages were generally smaller than the
average outlays of all families for automobile operation but at the
highest levels they were larger.
* See Tabular Summary, table 8.




60

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Fig. 3

TRANSPORTATION AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL MONEY
EXPENDITURES AT SELECTED INCOME LEVELS
WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION, 1935-36
NONRELIEF WHITE FAMILIES INCLUDING HUSBAND
AND WIFE BOTH NATIVE BORN
percentage
16

DENVER
PERCENTAGE
---------------------------- |6

OMAHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS

* 14

750

1250

1750 3 000

4000

5000

1000

1500

2000 3500

5000

7500

AND UNDID ANOUNOCR AND UNDO ANOUNOCR ANOUNOCR ANOUNMR

750

1250

1750

3000 4000

5000

ANOUNMR ANOUNMR ANOUNMR ANOUNMR ANOUNMR ANOUNOCR

1000

1500

2000

3500 5000

7500

MIDDLE-SIZED CITIES

percentage

WEST CENTRAL

ROCKY MOUNTAIN

percentage
16

14 •

14
12
10

8
6
4

2
500

1000

1500

2500

3500 4000

ANOUNMR ANOUNOCR ANOUNOCR ANOUNOCR ANOUNOCR ANOUNOCR

750

1250

1750

3000

u . s . rureau op labor statistics




4000

5000

500

1000

1500

2500 3500

4000

ANOUNOCR ANOUNOCR ANOUNMR ANOUNOCR ANOUNOCR ANOUNOCR

750

1250

INCOME CLASS IN DOLLARS

1750

3000 4 000

5000

0

61

TRANSPORTATION

T a b l e 2 5 ,— Average m oney expenditures fo r tran sportation , percentage of fa m ilies

reporting autom obile operation , and average expenditure fo r autom obile operation
per operating fa m ily
Average money expenditures for transportation
Income class

Total
Automo
Percentage Automo
pur bile oper
of total bile
chase
ation
Amount money
expendi
tures 1

Other
trans
porta
tion

Families reporting au
tomobile operation
expenditure8
Average
Percent operating
age
expense

OMAHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS
4.1
$35
$25
$52
$10
48
7.2
68
21
$20
27
54
50
85
7.3
$17
45
23
58
78
72
120
9.0
20
28
69
104
119
7.9
28
63
28
67
94
32
9.7
42
163
89
76
117
214
11.7
104
80
74
30
141
207
10.5
60
33
114
142
80
74
244
10.9
137
33
156
88
84
82
298
11.1
178
36
217
341
11.2
105
189
47
81
233
399
11.4
127
232
40
95
244
322
678
48
14.8
308
86
358
1,097
14.3
623
411
63
411
100
D EN V E R
$18
$51
6.8
$19
$14
39
$500-$749_...........................
$49
17
76
8.4
43
16
64
67
$750-$999.......... ...............
29
58
19
106
9.5
$1,000-$1,249___________
66
88
163
11.8
57
85
21
78
109
$1,250-$1,499___________
77
93
31
78
201
12.6
$1,500-$1,749___________
119
104
24
196
11.3
68
83
125
$1,750-$1,999___________
111
122
264
13.4
31
81
$2,000-$2,249__.......... .........
151
282
104
144
34
89
162
13.6
$2,250-$2,499___________
152
41
343
14. 5
150
93
163
$2,500-$2,999___________
102
321
12.1
171
92
48
186
$3,000-$3,499............... .......
168
439
235
36
95
247
13.6
$3,500-$3,999___________
48
160
188
93
202
396
11.6
$4,000-$4,999___________
177
282
12.4
101
96
294
560
$5,000-$7,499................. .
94
329
91
410
833
11.6
362
$7,500 and over_________
W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
39
$14
$3
$17
2.8
$36
$250-$499
..............
18
5
39
4.9
33
$10
46
$500-$749______________
11
4.5
9
37
20
54
40
$750-$999______________
32
82
7.5
44
6
58
76
$1,000-$1,249___________
7
35
107
8.5
65
65
100
$1,250-$! ,499.......................
52
82
11
69
119
145
9.8
$1,500-^1,749___________
9
72
172
10.4
78
85
118
$1,750-$1,999............... .......
94
10.8
20
75
86
125
$2,000-$2,249 ................. .
200
216
11.4
95
15
78
106
136
$2,250-$2,499__....................
147
144
23
83
314
13.6
173
$2,500-$2,999................... .
279
10.9
83
180
16
86
209
$3,000-$3,499 .......... .......
11.1
125
20
86
305
160
186
$3,500-$3,999___________
182
23
10.2
115
90
202
320
$4,000-$4,999_________
94
251
12.6
274
236
30
540
$5,000 and over..................
ROCKY M OUNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED» CITIES
$2
$11
38
2.1
$29
$14
$1
$250-$499____ ____ ____
27
69
7.8
35
3
51
65
$500-$749.............................
17
5
68
6.7
43
63
65
S750-S999 ...........................
7
11.4
67
66
70
94
140
$1,000-$1,249.......................
78
77
69
8
101
10.9
155
$1,250-$1,499___________
86
10
75
115
11.8
85
181
$1,500~$1,749 .....................
12
99
122
81
10.9
197
86
$1,750-$1,999___..................
15
82
13.8
133
123
150
271
$2,000-$2,249__................—
129
14
88
115
147
258
12.3
$2,250-$2,499__________ _
19
88
109
179
203
307
12.4
$2,500-$2,999___.................
19
83
164
99
136
9.6
254
$3,000-$3,499___.................
167
226
36
95
238
13.9
429
$3,500-$3,999.......................
28
97
211
12.4
211
205
444
$4,000-$4,999......................
51
93
169
305
328
10.2
525
$5,000 and over..................
1 See glossary, appendix B, for the definition of expenditures that was used in this study.
2 For definition of family which reported expense for automobile operation, see glossary, appendix B.

$500-$749.............................
$750-$999___.......................
$1,000-$1,249___........ .........
$1,250-$1,499.......................
$1,500-$1,749_...............
$1,750-$1,999__...................
$2,000-$2,249__...................
$2,250-$2,499__.................
$2,500-$2,999________ _
$3,000-$3,499___________
$3,500-$3,999___________
$4,000-$4,999___________
$5,000-$7,499___........ .........
$7,500 and over_________




62

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Automobile ownership and operation.—Average expense for automo
bile operation increased rather rapidly at successive income levels.
(See table 25.) It amounted to less than $50 for families with incomes
below $1,250 in the West Central area and under $1,000 in the two
Rocky Mountain units. At the other extreme, it amounted to over
$300, on the average, for families with incomes of $5,000 and over,
except in Dubuque-Springfield. The increase was at a rate consider
ably more rapid than that of total money expenditures, particularly
in the lower part of the income scale.
The rapid growth in average expenditures for automobile operation,
particularly at the lower income levels, was accounted for in part by
the increasing proportion of families owning and operating cars. The
increase, particularly at the upper levels, was also attributable to more
extensive use of the automobile by the operating families. The oper
ation expenditures of the operating families averaged less than $100
for the year among families with incomes below $1,250, and more
than $300 among those with incomes of $5,000 and more in ButtePueblo and the large cities.
Families at the higher income levels doubtless used their cars more
extensively for week-end and vacation trips, than did the lower
income families. The greater costs of operating more expensive
automobiles, and increased expenses for garage, parking, and the like
were probably also factors making for increased expenditures for
automobile operation in the higher income groups.
At most income levels, average expense for automobile operation
(based on all families) was clearly higher in the Rocky Mountain
than in the West Central area, reflecting differences both in the
proportion of families owning cars and in the average operation expense
per owning family. At almost every income level, automobile owner
ship was more prevalent in Denver than in Omaha and in ButtePueblo than in Dubuque-Springfield. Average expense per operating
family was usually, though not always, higher in the Rocky Mountain
area. There were no clear differences by size of city with respect to
either ownership or average expense.
Other transportation.—In contrast to expenditures for automobile
purchase and operation, average expenditures for other transportation
increased slowly over the income range, representing a remarkably
constant proportion of total family expenditures. In Omaha and
Denver, they amounted to between 1 and 2 percent of total money
expenditures at almost all income levels. For families with incomes
of less than $1,000, they averaged about $15, most of which went for
local bus and trolley fares. These expenditures increased but little
with income; the larger average amounts at the upper income levels
reflected chiefly the fairly substantial amounts spent by a few families
for long-distance travel.




TRANSPORTATION

63

T able 26. — A verage m oney expenditures fo r tran sportation , by occupational group
Wage
earner

Income class

Inde
pendent Salaried Salaried
Clerical business business
profes
and pro
sional
fessional

O M AHA-COUNCIL BLU FFS
$750-$999...................................................................................
$1,000-$1,249.............................................................................
$1,250-$1,499............................................................ ..............
$1,500-$1,749............................... .............................................
$1,750-$1,999...........................................................................
$2,000-$2,249............................................................................
$2,250-$2,499...........................................................................
$2,500-$2,999.............................................................................
$3,000-$3,499______________________________________
$3,500-$3,999............................................................................
$4,000-$4,999............................................................................
$5,000-$7,499_____________ ________________________

0)
0)
0)
0)

$73
92
114
122
169
237
167
240

0)
0)
0)
0)

$53
72
135
111
154
180
215
212

0)
0)
$118
128
145
217
251
289
348
312
466
515

0)
0)
$103
145
154
263
260
277
284
406
342
784

0
0) $64
114
207
233
175
257
237
256
406
530

0)
0)

0)
0)

0)
0)

D EN V E R
$750-$999. .............................. .......................................................................
$1,000-$1,249__..............................................................................................
$ 1 ,25 0-$1,499 ._..............................................................................................
$1,500-$1,749.................................................. .............................— ............
$1,750-$1,999...................................................................................................
$2,000-$2,249............................................................. ..................................
$2,250-$2,499................................................................................................$2,500-$2.999................................................................. ..................................
$3,000-$3,499................................. ................................................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................................................................................
$4,000-$4,999............................................................- ..................................
$5,000-$7,499__..............................................................................................

$83
103
177
221
194
299
274
325
0)
0)
cj
0

$57
113
156
197
183
201
247
355
0)
0)
0)
0)

$107
158
202
333
292
412
371
343
291
527

$159
162
197
259
355
377
278
431
423

549

$201
214
234
226
306
220
305
709
475

699

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749...................................................................................
$750-$999...............................................-..................................
$1,000-$1,249.............................................................................
$1,250-$1,499__........................................................................
$1,500-$1,749.......... .................... ....................-....................
$1,750-$1.999__.........................................................................
$2,000-$2,449........................................................-...........— $2,250-$2,499____________________________ ____ _____
$2,500-$2,999_______________________________ - .........
$3,000-$3,499_______________ ______________________
$3,500-$3,999............................................................................
$4,000-$4,999.............................................................................

$33
37
80
107
134
160
145
163
)
)
)

00
0

$37
52
105
86
173
158
206
233
)
)
h)

(0o $48

136
129
173
278
237
397
286
284
268

0)
)
$83
123
143
257
266
263
254
277
321
347

(l)
$154
78
133
333
226
227
330
262
442
391

(l)
(i)
$110
156
174
189
304
224
291
248
420
483

00
0

0

ROCKY M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
__ .... .
$75Q-$999
.............................................................................
$1,000-$1,249 ..................................................................................
___________________ _______ ______________
$1,250-$1,499
$1,500-$1,749 ........................................ .......................................
$1,750-$1,999 __________________________ ______________
$2,000-12.249 — ............................ - ...........................................
$2,250-$2,499 ..................................................__.................. ........
$2,500-$2,999 ....... .................................................................. ........
$3,000-$3,499 .................................................................................
$3,500-$3,999 .................................... ..............................................
$snn-$74Q

^nnn-^Q Q Q

(0

$73
66
149
162
195
182
309
321

(i)
(l)
0)

$31
61
101
169
163
184
210
211

0)
(i)
(i)
0)

(i)

i Expenditure schedules not taken from families at this income level.

There was little difference between Omaha and Denver in average
expenditures for other transportation. Outlays of this type showed
a very direct relation to city size, however, being usually at least
twice as high in the large as in the middle-sized cities. These differ
ences are to be explained partly in terms of the distances involved,



64

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

but also in terms of traffic congestion and parking fees, which vary
directly with city size. In the large cities, it is often more practicable,
even for families which own cars, to use the public transportation
facilities.
Transportation expenditures among occupational groups.—Among the
families studied in the West Central-Rocky Mountain region, there
were no consistent occupational differences in total outlay for trans
portation, as shown in table 26, or in the level of spending for auto
mobile purchase and operation.3 Moreover, automobile ownership
was so common at the income levels at which all occupational groups
could be compared, that no clear differences appeared among the
occupational categories.4 In respect to the average operation expense
of car-operating families, however, the figures in table 27 indicate that
these expenditures were relatively low among wage earners in all four
urban units, and relatively high among the salaried group, particularly
the salaried professional. Occupational classification appeared to
have little bearing on expenditures for transportation other than by
automobile, although, in all the cities except Dubuque-Springfield,
independent business and professional families tended to spend the
least.5
T

able

21,— A verage m oney expenditures fo r autom obile operation per fa m ily report
in g expen ditu re , by occupational group
Wage
earner

Income class

Clerical

Inde
pendent
business
and pro
fessional

Salaried
Business

Profes
sional

OMAHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS
$750-$999____________________________________
$1,000-$1,249---------------- -------- ---------------------$1,250-$1,499-____ ___________________________
$1,500-$1,749_____ ___________________________
$1,750-$1,999________________________________
$2,000-$2,249________________________________
$2,250-$2,499_______________ ____ _________ —
$2,500-$2,999_________________________________
$3,000-$3,499____________________ _______ ____
$3,500-$3,999____________ ____ _______________
$4,000-$4,999_______________ — ____ _________
$5,000-$7,499_____________ ____ ____ _________

0)
0)
0)
(0

$51
75
104
87
113
132
121
154

$44
84
110
102
121
148
151
142

0)
01
0)

0)
0)

$88
100
104
139
162
177
227
234
232
375

0)
0) $65
104
122
145
173
157
208
240
256
346

0)
0)

$90
117
132
159
117
180
222
219
243
324

i Expenditure schedules not taken from families at this income level.
* See Tabular Summary, table 2.
* See Tabular Summary, table 8.
6 See Tabular Summary, table 2. This is clearly defined when the effect of the varying family type com
position of the occupational groups is eliminated. (See appendix D.)




65

TRANSPORTATION
T

able

27.—

A verage m oney expenditures fo r autom obile operation per fa m ily report
in g expen ditu re , by occupational group — Continued
Income class

Wage
earner

Clerical

Salaried

Inde
pendent
business
and pro
fessional

Business

(9
(9 $90

(9
<9
$135

Profes
sional

D EN V E R
$750-$999.............................................................................................
$1,000-$1,249.....................................................................................
$1,250-$1,499.....................................................................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................................................................
$1,750-$1,999_.................................................................................
$2,00 0-$2,249__.............................................................................
$2,250-$2,499....................................................................................
$2,500-$2,999..................................................................................
$3,000-$3,499__......................................................................... ..
$3,500-$3,999__..............................................................................
$4,000-$4,999__...............................................................................
$5,000-$7,499__................................................................................

$69
91
114
111
128
138
161
150

(9
<9
(9
(9

$65
82
99
124
116
142
160
159

(9
(9
(9
(9

128
130
150
156
181
181
213
173
257

(9
(9
$137

139
142
193
150
149
165
270
203
319

138
135
186
190
183
222
262
239
321

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749.................... .................................................
$750-$999.......................................................................
$1,000-$1,249_..............................................................
$1,250-$1,499__......................................................... .
$1,500-$1,749_............................................................
$1,750-$1,999............ .................................................
$2,000-$2,249.............................................................. .
$2,250-$2,499__.............................................................
$2,500-$2,999_..........................— ................................
$3,000-$3,499_............. ............— .............................
$3,500-$3,999__.............................................................
$4,000-$4,999_..............................................................

$44
53
79
97
112
114
104
127

(9
(9
(9
(9

$81
56
75
96
130
119
125
140

(9
(9
(9
(9

(9
(9
$52

120
114
116
179
174
172
169
146
192

(9
(9

$84
86
120
171
139
164
173
222
213
205

ROCKY M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$500-$749................................................................................

$750-$9Q9 ._
$ iJn o n-$iJ94Q
$1,25ft-$1,499 ....
$i,5nn-$i,74Q
$1,7Sn-$1,QQ0
$2,000-$2,249_............................................. —....................
$2^ 250-$2,499
$2,Knn--$2,QQ0
$3,000-$^,400
$a,5no-$3,ooo
$4,nno-$4,ooo

$51
64
99
97
114
118
136
130

(9
(9
(9
(9

$61
70
81
117
118
123
159
138

(9
(9
(9
(9

(9
(9$100

88
103
150
136
226
166
166
222
204

(9
(9

$91
117
124
117
189
147
232
161
249
216

Transportation expense by family type.—Family composition ap
peared to be a factor of little more significance than occupational
classification in its effect upon transportation expenditures. Families
of each type had at some income levels the highest average expense
for transportation and at others the lowest. (See table 28.) There
was a tendency, however, for families of three to six persons, with at
least three members 16 or over (types IV and V), to have the smallest
expenditures, particularly at the lower and middle income levels.
These families likewise tended to make the smallest outlays for auto
mobile operation and purchase, particularly in Omaha and Denver.6
The proportion of automobile owners showed no very consistent
6 See Tabular Summary, table 8. The low rank of families of types IV and V remains clear for Denver
and Omaha, when comparisons are made with occupation held constant. (See appendix D.)




66

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

variation from one type to another. There was some evidence,
however, that car ownership was more common among families of
husband and wife only than among larger families. In the West
Central cities, average operation expense per operating family, as
shown in table 29, showed no clear relationship by family type. In
the Rocky Mountain area, so far as there were differences among
families of varying composition, operation expense per operating fam
ily seemed to be inversely related to family size, highest for the twoperson families and lowest for families containing three to six mem
bers (types IV and V).
T able 28.— Average money expenditures for tran sportation by fa m ily type
Family ty p e 1
Income class

$750-$999................................................— .
$1,000-$1,249............................................... .
$1,250-$1,499.................................................
$1,500-$1,749.................................................
$1,750-$1,999......................................... .
$2,000-$2,249............................................. $2,250-$2,499.................................................
$2,500-$2,999................................................
$3,000-$3,499...............................................$3,500-$3,999________________________
$4,000-$4,999_ ..............................................
$5,000 and over............. — -------- ----------

I

II and III IV and V

I

II and III IV and V

West Central

Rocky Mountain

Omaha-Council Bluffs

Denver

$37
92
112
153
177
242
220
262
219
275
275
(*)

$88
80
140
113
165
244
264
262
319
202
343
696

$77
84
100
98
146
166
153
222
328
493
517
736

$51
103
182
226
232
267
346
432
323
406
305
327

$109
128
181
205
181
237
223
310
316
451
377
665

$61
84
117
169
161
284
275
296
324
454
470
615

$84
75
111
152
135
173
256
281
298
310
401
467

$20
42
122
114
147
179
217
250
323
256
467
349

Middle-sized cities
$500-$749.......................................................
$750-$999_.............- ......................................
$1,000-$1,249.............................................$1,250-$1,499.................................................
$1,500-$1,749.................................................
$1,750-$1,999............................................. $2,000-$2,249...................... .........................
$2,250-$2,499.................................................
$2,500-$2,999.................................................
$3,000-$3,499.................................................
$3,500-$3,999.................................................
$4,000 and over............................................

$33
31
125
135
137
186
284
201
504
239
264
272

$44
57
74
112
163
154
178
242
213
227
277
380

$23
24
52
81
132
177
161
213
275
323
334
320

$65
70
182
195
261
246
348
252
286
196
411
594

i The 5 family types are distinguished on the basis of the number and age of members other than husband
and wife, as follows:
No other persons (families of 2).
II 1 child under 16 (families of 3).
III 2 children under 16 (families of 4).
IV 1 person 16 or over and one or no other person, regardless of age (families of 3 or 4).
V 1 child underl6,1 person 16 or over, and 1 or 2 others, regardless of age (families of 6 or 6).
•Fewer than 3 cases.




67

TRANSPORTATION
T able

29.

Average m oney expenditures for automobile operation per fa m ily reporting
expenditure , by fa m ily type
Family type i

Income class

$750-$999___________________________
$1,000-11,249________________________
$1,250-$1,499_____ ___________________
$1,500-$1,749.................. .................... .........
$1,750-$1,999________________ _______
$2,000-$2,249________________________
$2,250-$2,499_____ ___________________
$2,500-$2,999________________________
$3,000-$3,499______ ____ ______ _____ _
$3,500-$3,999_____ __________ ________
$4,000-$4,999____ ____________________
$5,000-$7,499................................................

I

II and III IV and V

I

II and III IV and V

West Central

Rocky Mountain

Omaha-Council Bluffs

Denver

(t)

$35
75
89
92
121
185
159
165
179
212
201

$47
81
124
106
123
138
155
158
230
188
223
387

$78
76
95
84
104
106
123
147
226
277
280
350

$67
84
116
123
144
148
167
184
197
317
178
256

$69
97
109
129
112
148
141
166
196
187
235
291

$68
81
101
108
115
155
173
144
173
247
201
308

$40
77
85
97
104
108
154
147
181
168
225
220

$34
66
118
98
101
118
117
131
209
153
263
176

Middle-sized cities
$500-$749..................................................... .
$750-$999___________________________
$1,000-$1,249________________________
$1,250-^1,499________________ _______
$1,500-$1,749____ ____________________
$1,750-$1,999_____ ___________________
$2,000-$2,249________________________
$2,250-$2,499________________________
$2,500-$2,999________________________
$3,000-$3,499__________ ______ _______
$3,500-$3,999............................................ .
$4,000-$4,999................................... .

$57
52
73
121
110
124
123
136
198
217
160
192

$46
56
77
94
122
124
138
142
157
178
176
187

$42
56
80
89
116
108
120
133
171
217
201
212

$58
53
94
112
141
144
187
169
221
181
222
256

i The 5 family types are distinguished on the basis of the number and age of members other than husband
and wife, as follows:
Type
I No other persons (families of 2).
II 1 child under 16 (families of 3).
III 2 children under 16 (families of 4).
IV 1 person 16 or over and one or no other person, regardless of age (families of 3 or 4).
V 1 child under 16,1 person 16 or over, and 1 or 2 others, regardless of age (families of 5 or 6).
fFewer than 3 cases.

Other transportation expenditures, on the other hand, were gen
erally lowest among families containing one or two children under
16 (types II and III) and highest for families containing three to
six members, at least three of them 16 or over (types IV and V).7
With small children in the family, the wife is less frequently an earner,
and the husband and wife may limit the number of excursions to
movies as well as of week-end or vacation trips, thus tending to reduce
the total family bill for transportation. The relatively large trans
portation expenditures of families containing at least three members
over 16 reflect the greater number of earners and of persons likely
to seek entertainment outside the home.
7 See Tabular Summary, table 2. These family type differences remain clear when the effect of the vary
ing occupational composition of the type groups is eliminated. (See appendix D.)




68

W E S T C E N T R A L r -R O C K Y M O U N T A I N R E G IO N

S u m m a ry .—Transportation expense was a more important item in
the budgets of the families studied in the six communities of the
Rocky Mountain-West Central region than in most other regions
covered by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in the Study of Consumer
Purchases. The total outlays equalled or exceeded clothing expendi
tures in average amount at many income levels. They increased
rapidly in relation to total expenditures through the lower part of the
income scale and then tended to level off among the high income
families. The most noteworthy thing about transportation expen
ditures as a whole and about automobile ownership was the increase
with income. Occupational classification had little bearing on auto
mobile ownership or expenditures for transportation. Automobile
ownership tended to be most common among families with one or two
children under 16, and, in the West Central area at least, those families
reported fairly high operation expense per owning family. Other
transportation expenditures were generally smallest among families
with children under 16 and largest among families of three to six
persons at least one of them 16 or over.
Transportation expenses, even at the lower income levels, were
made up chiefly of expenditures for automobile purchase and oper
ation. Average expenditures for transportation other than by the
family automobile amounted to but 1 or 2 percent of total money
expenditures at most income levels in the large cities, and less than 1
percent of the total in the smaller communities. Expense for auto
mobile operation showed little relation to city size, but tended to be
higher in the Rocky Mountain than in the West Central area. This
reflected both a greater prevalence of automobile ownership in the
former area and higher operating expense per owning family.




Chapter V II
M inor Categories of Expenditure

The preceding analysis of expenditures of urban families studied by
the Bureau of Labor Statistics in the West Central-Rocky Mountain
region has covered food, home maintenance, clothing, personal care,
and transportation—all of such importance that nearly every family
interviewed reported at least some expenditure in each field during the
year of the survey. Furthermore, regardless of income level, these
categories accounted in total for the major share of the expenditure
dollar. Among each of these four groups of urban families, those
with incomes under $1,000 devoted from 85 to 90 percent of their total
money expenditures, on the average, to these groups of goods and serv
ices. Families with incomes of $3,500 and over spent, on the average,
70 to 80 percent of the total in this way.
After the major categories are taken care of, there remains a group
of goods and services which are of a somewhat different nature in
that many families could, in the face of necessity, get through a year
without incurring expenditures for one or more of them. They in
clude medical care, recreation, tobacco, reading, education, and con
tributions and personal taxes. It is clear that no distinction can
be drawn between these and the so-called major categories of con
sumption on the basis of relative urgency. For a given family, medical
care may be one of the most important items in the budget for a
particular year, and may take precedence over expenditures for trans
portation or clothing. On the other hand, food, home maintenance,
and clothing outlays, at least at the upper income levels, undoubtedly
include for most families a considerable amount of luxury expenditure.
In general, however, the items included among the minor categories of
expenditure not only take a smaller share of the expenditure dollar of
a family than does any one of the major categories, but are of secondary
importance also in the sense that, for families hard-pressed financially
they constitute fields of expenditure that may be restricted to a
greater or less degree to meet the limitations imposed by current
income.
In general, average expenditures for all the minor categories com
bined increased over the income range with sufficient rapidity to
absorb a fairly steadily increasing proportion of total current expendi
tures. (See table 30.) Omaha families with incomes of $500 to $750,
it will be noted, however, devoted 20 percent of their total money
expenditures to the minor categories—a larger share than that reported




69

70

W E S T C E N T R A L -R O C K Y M O U N T A I N R E G IO N

by families at any succeeding level below $3,500. This is undoubtedly
a sampling fluctuation reflecting unusually high medical and funeral
expenses for a few families.1 In general, however, average expendi
tures for the minor categories accounted for as much as 20 percent of
the total only when family income amounted to $3,000 and more in
Butte and Pueblo and $3,500 and more in the other city units.
Before turning to the separate categories to be discussed in this
chapter, it may be of interest to note their relative importance. Aver
age expenditures for medical care were uniformly most important up to
the $2,250 level in Dubuque and Springfield, the $2,500 level in Omaha
and the Rocky Mountain middle-sized cities, and the $3,000 level
among Denver families. (See table 30.) With few exceptions, out
lays for contributions and personal taxes were most important at
succeeding income levels in each of the city units. They vied with
expenditures for recreation for second place at preceding levels in
the large cities, and up to the $1,750 level in the Rocky Mountain
middle-sized city unit. In the West Central middle-sized cities, how
ever, expenditures for recreation were uniformly below those for contri
butions and personal taxes. At the lowest income levels, expenditures
for tobacco tended to exceed those for recreation and contributions
and personal taxes, but thereafter were increasingly less important.
Average outlays for reading and education were generally of least
importance, the former exceeding the latter among families with in
comes up to $2,250 or even $3,000.
T a b l e 30.— Average money expenditures for the m inor categories
Total
Income class

C ontri
Per
butions
centage Medi
Recre
To
Read
Educa
and
of total cal ation bacco ing
per Other
tion
Amount money care
sonal
ex
taxess
pendi
tures 1
OM AHA-COUNCIL BLU FFS

$*nn-$74Q
$?50-$999

$1,000-$1,249 ........................
$1,250-$1,499 ........................
$1,500-$1,749 ........................
$1,750-$1,999 ........................
$2,000-$2,249_........................
$2,250-$2,499..........................
$2,500-$2,999..........................
$3,000-$3,499..........................
$3,500-$3,999..........................
$4,000-$4,999..........................
$5,000-$7,499..........................
$7,500 and over

$173
121
153
189
225
248
287
351
396
528
704
753
978
2,091

20.5
12.7
13.1
14.1
15.0
14.8
15.6
17.8
17.7
19.5
23.1
21.6
21.2
27.3

$80
46
57
65
64
89
92
118
110
135
171
233
222
267

$9
14
22
35
43
47
60
65
75
106
131
136
256
408

$20
24
27
27
34
34
31
36
39
54
49
54
57
59

$11
11
13
15
16
17
19
21
22
33
27
34
38
61

$2
2
3
4
6
5
8
8

19
41
33
69
71
88

$11
16
27
39
54
49
66
94
120
143
276
214
324
1,090

$40
8
4
4
8
7
11
9
11
16
17
13
10
118

See fo o tn o te s a t end o f tab le.

1 One family reported medical expenses for the year of $676, with $100 going for hospitalization and over
$500 for physicians’ fees. Another family had medical expenses of more than $200, $150 of which went for
physicians’ care.




71

MINOR CATEGORIES OF EXPENDITURE

T a b l e 30,— Average money expenditures for the m inor categories — Continued
Total
C ontri
Per
butions
centage Medi
Recre
To
Read
Educa
and
of total cal
ation bacco ing
tion
per Other
Amount money care
sonal
ex
taxes
pendi
tures

Income class

DENVER
$700-$749
$750-$999................................
$1,000-$1,249..........................
$1,250-$1,499........................ .
$1,500~$1,749..........................
$1,750-$1,999..........................
$2,000-$2,249................ .........
$2,250-$2,499.................. .......
$2,500-$2,999.........................
$3,000-$3,499..........................
$3,500-$3,999..........................
$4,000-$4,999........................
$5,000-$7,499.........................
$7,500 and over__________

$73
109
155
231
260
291
331
366
423
507
720
734
1,104
2,256

9.8
12.0
13.8
16.6
16.3
16. 7
16.8
17.6
17.9
19.1
22.3
21.6
24.4
31.5

$33
39
55
93
108
107
111
109
120
120
246
179
235
345

$8
18
30
35
46
61
65
73
83
119
146
165
293
440

$14
20
23
29
30
30
31
38
33
38
45
49
68
98

$7
11
11
16
18
17
19
21
22
24
32
33
43
41

$2
2
5
11
8
12
15
23
29
34
40
53
86
164

$9
17
26
38
43
58
81
91
118
156
189
228
344
1,144

(*) $2
5
9
7
6
9
11
18
16
22
27
35
24

$3
4
3
6
10
13
15
16
28
46
43
63
50
60

$9
12
21
28
44
55
63
89
102
154
169
194
318
480

$11
2
9
3
4
7
5
6
3
2
4
14
10
25

$1
1
6
4
7
8
13
17
18
43
41
63
43
129

$7
14
16
26
34
45
66
80
89
127
189
217
251

$1
6
4
4
4
10
4
17

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$72
70
117
143
171
247
258
338
324
438
486
638
728
1,066

$250-$499_............................. .
$500-$749.................................
$750-$999................................
$1,000-$1,249.................. .......
$1,250-$1,499........................
$1,500-$1,749..........................
$1,750-$1,999..................
$2,000-$2,249..........................
$2,250-$2,499..........................
$2,500-$2,999_........................
$3,000-$3,499........................ .
$3,500-$3,999..........................
$4,000-$4,999_........................
$5,000 and over.....................

11.7
10.4
13. 2
13.2
13.5
16.6
15.6
18.2
17.0
18.9
19.0
23.3
23.3
24.9

$25
26
44
51
51
83
87
113
84
104
108
167
129
230

$9
7
14
24
26
45
40
60
54
77
94
129
144
176

$8
13
17
21
24
30
32
37
37
36
46
49
53
66

$7
6
9
10
12
14
16
17
16
19
22
22
24
29

ROCKY M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$83
104
140
170
221
243
286
360
365
451
556
647
800
1,630

$250-$499................................
$500—$749
$750-$999.................................
$1,000-$1,249..........................
$1,250-$1,499..........................
$1,500-$1,749.........................
$1,750-$1,999..........................
$2,000-$2,249_........................
$2,250-$2,499.........................
$2,500-$2,999...................... __
$3,000-$3,499........................
$3,500-$3,999........................ .
$4,000-$4,999..........................
$5,000 and over__________

12.5
12.5
14.3
13.7
15.5
15.9
15.8
18.5
17.4
18.2
21.0
21.0
22.2
31.6

$42
38
64
67
93
85
92
112
111
103
139
107
201
194

$13
20
22
30
40
50
60
78
81
111
102
161
191
377

$11
18
18
27
28
31
33
37
37
34
53
44
72
82

$8
7
10
12
15
14
18
19
20
28
25
32
34
58

775

9
5

7
8
15

23

i See glossary, appendix B, for the definition of expenditures that was used in this study.
* Excludes sales taxes, which were included in the expense for the items to which they applied; automobile
taxes, which were included in automobile operation expense; taxes on owned homes, included in housing
expense; and taxes on other real property, which were deducted from the gross income from such property.
•Less than $1.

M ed ica l care .—Average expenditures for medical care have been
found the most important among the group of minor expenditures,
except at the higher levels. They included outlays for the services of
general physicians and specialists, dentists, oculists, clinic visits,
hospitalization, nursing services, medical supplies, and health and
accident insurance.
125019°—40-




-6

72

W E S T C E N T R A lr -R O C K Y M O U N T A I N R E G IO N

It is well known that expenditures for medical care vary widely,
not only from family to family, but for any one family from year to
year. Often the largest outlays in this field, such as those associated
with a major operation, come as unbudgeted necessities which bear
little relationship to a family’s usual expenditure pattern. Even
expenses for dental care may within any given year upset a family’s
budget. Furthermore, available evidence suggests an inverse rela
tionship between a family’s income and the amount of illness to which
it is subject.2
Thus, there are wide variations among families in expenditures for
medical care, which are concealed in the averages for the groups at a
given income level. In almost every such group, there were some
families which reported no medical expense during the current year,
and others which reported very substantial amounts.
Despite this fact, there was a fairly steady increase, at successive
income levels, in average expenditures for medical care. (See table
30.) Starting at $35 to $55, on the average, for families with incomes
below $1,000, they multiplied roughly fourfold to sevenfold over the
income range, when families with incomes of $5,000 and over are con
sidered as a group. Average expenditures for medical care ranged
roughly between 4 and 7 percent of total money expenditures, but in
none of the city units did they show any clear tendency either to in
crease or to decline as a proportion of the total, at successive income
levels.3 Families in Dubuque-Springfield generally reported the lowest
medical expenditures. No other clear intercity differences were
apparent.
When the expenditures for medical care are distributed among the
more important constituent items, as shown in table 31 for Denver
families by way of illustration, some rather interesting shifts over
the income scale are apparent.4 Almost without exception, the
largest share of the medical bill, ranging from one-quarter to twofifths, went for services of the physician. This type of expenditure
was of somewhat less relative importance at the upper than at the
lower portion of the income scale. Dentists’ fees absorbed an increas
ing share of the total, rising from about one-eighth, among families
with incomes of $500 to $1,000, to one-third at the $3,000 level, and
then dropping to roughly one-fifth among families with incomes of
$3,500 and more. The amounts spent for medicine and drugs
decreased in relative importance over the income range; the fact
that they accounted for almost one-third among families at the lowest
level and one-fifth among those with incomes of $750 to $1,250 suga See, tor example, Preliminary Reports, The National Health Survey, Sickness and Medical Care Series,
Bull. No. 2, Illness and Medical Care in Relation to Economic Status, U. S. Public Health Service, Wash
ington, 1938.
* See Tabular Summary, table 2.
* Based on tabulations to appear in a later bulletin.




73

M I N O R C A T E G O R IE S O F E X P E N D I T U R E

gests that these families made some attempts to substitute home
treatment for the more expensive physician’s care, but may also
indicate utilization of clinic services at office or factory, and the pay
ment for prescriptions obtained there.
Outlays for the oculist and for eyeglasses were both surprisingly
small, together accounting for less than 10 percent of the total at
all but one level. Expenditures for glasses were consistently the
larger, however, suggesting that many of the families were satisfied
with an optometrist’s examination, a service commonly offered with
the purchase of eyeglasses. Health and accident insurance showed
a tendency to increase in importance over the income range, rising
from about 3 percent among families with incomes under $1,000 to
roughly 12 percent for those with incomes of $4,000 and more.
T able

31.— D istribu tion of m oney expenditures of Denver fa m ilies fo r m edical care1
Percentage of total medical care expenditures

Income class

Average
total
amount Physi Den
cian
tist

$500-$749-_..............
$750-$999.................
$1,000-$1,249__........
$1,250-$1,499______
$1,500-$1,749............
$1,750-$1,999............
$2,000-$2,249______
$2,250-$2,499............
$2,500-$2,999_..........
$3,000-$3,499............
$3,500-$3,999............
$4,000-$4,999...........
$5,000-$7,499______
$7,500 and over___

$33
39
55
93
108
107
111
109
120
120
246
179
235
345

33
38
37
34
41
34
40
30
30
24
26
27
32
25

3
16
10
17
11
17
15
17
21
34
17
22
23
25

Health
Other Hospi Eye Medi
Ocu special
accident Other3
taliza glasses cine
list
and
insur
ists
tion
drugs ance 2
(•)
(*) 1
1
2
3
4
1
2
2
2
2
1

1
3
8
15
8
8
5
8
6
5
8
7
4
5

20
11
8
7
8
9
9
8
7
2
14
8
5
10

8
2
6
3
5
3
6
7
6
6
3
4
5
1

32
19
20
14
12
12
10
15
11
13
13
10
12
11

2
4
8
4
7
9
7
7
12
9
7
11
11
16

1
7
3
5
7
6
5
4
6
5
10
9
6
6

i Summary of data to be published in a later bulletin.
* Excludes automobile accident insurance.
2Includes nursing care, examinations and tests, clinic visits, and medical appliances.
♦ Less than 1 percent.

Fees for the specialist constituted an irregular share of the total, as
might be expected. At all but one income level, they amounted to
8 percent or less. Expense for hospitalization was likewise irregular,
showing no clear trend by income. It generally exceeded outlays for
specialists, however. Other medical expenses, including nursing care,
examinations, and medical appliances, never amounted to more than
10 percent of the total.
Neither the occupational group in which a family was classified nor
the family’s composition had much bearing on expenditures for
medical care. It may be of interest, however, to note that, among
families in Denver and Omaha, those in the salaried business group
tended to make the largest outlays and those in the self-employed
groups the smallest. The low expenditures of the self-employed group




74

W E S T C E N T R A L —R O C K Y M O U N T A I N R E G IO N

may be accounted for in part by the fact that this group includes the
families of physicians and dentists, which frequently receive medical
care on a “courtesy basis.” In Dubuque-Springfield where medical
expenses were relatively small, such expenditures showed a direct
relationship to family size.5
Recreation.—The amounts spent on amusement and recreational
equipment increased considerably more rapidly than total money
expenditures over the income range for all families studied in the
West Central-Rocky Mountain region. They averaged less than $15
for the year 1935-36 among families with incomes below $1,000 in all
the city units except Butte and Pueblo, where expenditures were
relatively high (see table 30). At the $1,500 to $1,750 level, they
ranged from $43 to $50. Recreational outlays amounted to more
than $100 on the average, beginning at the $2,500 level in Butte and
Pueblo, the $3,000 level in the large cities, and the $3,500 level in
Dubuque and Springfield.
Included in this category were all paid admissions to motion pic
tures, theaters, and concerts; special equipment and fees for sports,
such as tennis, golf and the like; and such miscellaneous items as
toys, pets, radios, cameras, and club dues. Except at the upper
income levels, admissions to motion pictures constituted the largest
single item. Other admissions were usually very small in average
amount. Outlays for games and sports increased rather rapidly at
the upper income levels, but seldom exceeded the cost of admissions
to motion pictures. All other recreation expenditures, which as a
group constituted roughly one-half to three-fifths of the total in
creased somewhat more rapidly than income, reflecting particularly
the sharp rise in club dues and other costs of entertaining.6
Average outlays for recreation were generally higher among families
in the Rocky Mountain area than among comparable families in the
West Central area. Moreover, Butte-Pueblo families, with few
exceptions reported larger outlays than did families at comparable
income levels in Denver. This difference is not necessarily to be
attributed to city size, however, since Omaha families more frequently
than not spent more than families in the smaller cities of the same area.
It should be borne in mind that the sums listed as recreational
expense by no means represent the full amounts spent on leisure-time
activities. It has already been suggested that a considerable part of
automobile operation expense is recreational in character, particularly
since automobile expense chargeable to business was deducted from the
sums reported by the family. Vacation trips by boat or train were
charged to other transportation, and expense for vacation cottages or
board and room were charged to housing and food. Even a large part
• See Tabular Summary, table 2, appendix D.
Tabular Summary, table 9.

• See




MINOR CATEGORIES OF EXPENDITURE

75

of the cost of entertainment was included with food expenditures, as
already noted. It seems clear, then, that if it had been feasible to
classify expenditures by use as well as by kinds of goods purchased,
expenses classed as recreational in character would have been sub
stantially larger than those recorded here.
Differences among the occupational groups in respect to expendi
tures classified as recreation were neither clear-cut nor consistent,
although families in the wage-earner group tended to make the lowest
expenditures in all four urban units. In the large cities, salaried
business families tended to rank high and in Dubuque-Springfield,
families in the two salaried groups combined.7
As among families of varying composition, there was a tendency for
families with one or two children under 16 (types II and III) to have
higher average expenditures for recreation than other families, in
Butte and Pueblo and both large cities. In the West Central middlesized cities, on the other hand, though families with children generally
spent more than the two-person families, they vied for high rank with
the older families containing three to six members, at least three of
them 16 or over (types IV and V).8
Tobacco.—Average expenditures for tobacco, which included out
lays for cigars, cigarettes, pipes, and smoking equipment, were rela
tively constant, absorbing between 1 and 2.5 percent of total money
expenditures throughout the income range.9 Average expenditures
for tobacco exceeded $11 for all families with incomes of $500 and
more. (See table 30.) They amounted to $30 or more among
families with incomes of $1,500 and over, but exceeded $50, or about
$1 a week, only at the higher levels.
Neither occupational classification nor family composition seemed
to have any significant influence on expenditures for tobacco.
Reading.—Outlays for reading, including newspapers, books, and
library fees, were a small but relatively constant item for most of the
families studied in the West Central-Rocky Mountain area. For
families in all four city units, they amounted to $12 or more, on the
average, or as much as $1 month, beginning only at the $1,500 level
(see table 30). Only at the highest level studied in Omaha and ButtePueblo did these expenditures average more than $50 for the year.
These amounts were devoted chiefly to the purchase of daily news
papers.10 In general, reading accounted for about 1 percent of
average money expenditures regardless of income level. Outlays of
this type were remarkably similar in Omaha, Denver, and the Rocky
7 When the effect of the varying family type compositions is eliminated from the occupational groups, no
consistent occupational differences in recreation expenditures are found. (See appendix D .)
8 When simple averages are computed, giving each constituent occupational group an equal weight, the
nigh rank of families of types II and III is clearly marked in the Rocky Mountain cities. (See appendix D.)
®See Tabular Summary, table 2.
» Based on tabulations to be published in a later bulletin.




WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
76
Mountain middle-sized cities. With but two exceptions, they were
lower in Dubuque-Springfield than in the other cities.
Neither occupational classification nor family composition was an
important factor in determining expenditures for reading. In all four
city units, however, wage-earner families tended to report the smallest
average outlays for this category.
Education.u—Although almost every family reported some expense
for reading, many reported none during the year of the survey for
formal education. This was generally true, as might be expected,
among the two-person families.
When averaged on the basis of all families, outlays for education
amounted to less than $5 per year for families with incomes below
$1,000. (See table 30.) They amounted to $10 or more for the year
beginning at the $1,250 level in Dubuque-Springfield, the $1,750 level
in the Rocky Mountain city units, and only at the $2,500 level in
Omaha. Even at the highest income levels, education expenditures
accounted for only 1.2 to 2.5 percent of total money expenditures.12
At the lower income levels, the small amounts reported were spent
mainly for school books and supplies. A part of the increase in aver
age expenditures at the upper levels resulted from the fact that a few
families reported tuition paid for children at school and college.13
Families in Dubuque-Springfield, which generally reported the low
est expenditures for a particular category at a given income level, had
relatively high outlays for education. This may be attributed to the
fact that the population in Dubuque is predominantly Roman Catholic
and at least half the schools are operated by the church. Although the
grammar schools are supported by funds of the parishes, the two high
schools and three academies for girls have tuition charges. In the
other cities, however, the bulk of the high schools are operated as part
of the public-school system and are therefore tuition-free.
There were no significant differences in average expenditures for
education as among families in the various occupational groups.
Family composition, on the other hand, was the factor of major signifi
cance. Aside from the fact that the two-person families reported
almost no expense in this field, there was a clear distinction between
families containing one or two children under 16 (types II and III),
and those containing three to six members, at least one of them 16 or
over, in addition to the husband and wife (types IV and V). As would
be expected, the latter families, which usually contained one or more
members of high school and college age, consistently reported the
highest expenditures.
h The expenditures discussed here do not include community outlays for formal education. They cover
simply amounts spent directly for tuition, class fees, and school supplies by the families studied.
I2 See Tabular Summary, table 2.
Based on tabulations to be published in a later bulletin. Board and room for children at school or
college away from home were allocated to food and housing, respectively.




77
Contributions and 'personal taxes.—Expenditures for contributions to
individuals and institutions and for personal taxes 14 were among the
most elastic of any category of expenditure. For some purposes it
is convenient to think of them as a single category of expenditure,
differing from other types of expenditure in that they are not under
taken for the direct satisfaction of the material needs of the family
making the expenditure. They increased from little more than 1
percent of total money expenditures, at the lowest income levels, to
substantially more than 10 percent at the $5,000 level in the middlesized city units and roughly 15 percent at the $7,500 level in the two
large cities. As in the case of education, families in Dubuque and
Springfield generally reported the largest average outlays.
Up to the $3,500 level among families in the Rocky Mountain
cities, at least 90 percent of the entire outlay was for contributions.
(See table 32.) Personal taxes were considerably more important
in the West Central cities, particularly at the lower income levels.
In these cities, such taxes constituted a much larger share of the
outlay for this category at the lower and upper income levels than in
the middle income ranges, because poll taxes, which were levied in all
the West Central cities and only in Butte, of the Rocky Mountain
cities, loom large for low income families. Income taxes, on the other
hand, are generally unimportant until family income reaches about
$3,500.
MINOR CATEGORIES OE EXPENDITURE

T able

32.— Distribution of money expenditures for contributions and personal taxes 1

Income class

Percentage of total contributions and personal taxes
Average
total
Support Gifts to Commu
Personal Other
nity
amount Religious
other
of
institu
taxes 3
welfare
tions relatives 2 persons 2 agencies
O M AHA-COUNCIL BLU FFS

$50O-$749................................
$750-$999________________
$1,000-$1,249_____________
$1,250-$1,499_____________
$1,500-$1,749_____________
$1,750-$1,999_____________
$2,000-$2,249_____________
$2,250-$2,499_____________
$2,500-$2,999_____________
$3,000-$3,499_____________
$3,500-$3,999........................ .
$4,000-$4,999_____________
$5,000-$7,499______ ______
$7,500 and over.....................

$11
16
27
39
54
49
66
94
120
143
276
214
324
1,090

32
24
29
32
22
33
26
24
22
24
15
32
25
11

9
12
8
35
10
21
27
31
33
46
14
20
15

16
27
27
32
24
31
31
29
31
22
17
26
24
32

12
10
10
9
6
10
8
7
7
10
6
10
14
17

38
29
20
15
12
13
11
9
7
8
11
14
14
22

2
1
2
4
1
3
3
4
2
3
5
4
3
3

1 Summary of data to be published in a later bulletin.
3 Refers to persons outside the economic family.
3 Amounts reported for taxes under this heading do not include sales taxes, which were included in the
expense for the items to which they applied; automobile taxes, which were included in automobile operation
expense; taxes on owned homes, which were treated as an expense of home ownership; nor taxes on other
real property, which were deducted from the gross income from such property.
u Excludes sales taxes, which were included in the expense for the items to which they applied; auto
mobile taxes, which were included in automobile operation expense; taxes on owned homes, included in
housing expense; and taxes on other real estate, which were deducted from the gross income from such
property.




78

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

T able

32 .—Distribution of money expenditures for contributions and personal
taxes— Continued
Percentage of total contributions and personal taxes
Average
total
Support Gifts to Commu
nity
amount Religious
Personal Other
institu
of
other
welfare
taxes*
tions
relatives persons agencies

Income class

D EN V E R
$9
17
26
38
43
58
81
91
118
156
189
228
344
1,144

5
5
7
6
8
7
7
6
8
8
7
7
9
10

4
8
6
6
7
8
7
9
6
7
10
16
20
34

39
3
$9
13
$250-$499 _____ _______
12
1
11
43
$500-$749________________
5
21
31
13
22
$750-$999________________
6
$1,000-$1,249_____________
28
1
24
40
11
44
13
21
39
$1,250-$1,499_____________
8
21
$1,500-$1,749_____________
55
35
18
8
32
21
$1,750-^1,999_____________
63
21
8
18
22
89
35
$2,000-$2,249_____________
9
102
28
$2,250-$2,499_____________
19
25
8
154
29
30
$2,500-$2,999_____________
16
8
25
28
21
$3,000-$3,499_____________
169
8
194
28
$3,500-$3,999_____________
17
19
13
22
$4,000-$4,999.____________
19
19
14
318
14
$5,000 and over------ -------.
480
19
19
12
ROCKY M OUNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
48
$7
49
$250-$499____ ____________
(*) 4
14
30
24
34
$500-$749________________
4
16
46
4
$750-$999_________ ______
37
26
$1,000-$1,249_____________
8
29
43
5
34
25
19
$1,250-$1,499_____________
40
5
21
24
$1,500-$1,749_____________
45
40
5
25
66
23
$1,750-$1,999_____________
37
4
80
39
$2,000-$2,249_____________
19
4
29
$2,250-$2,499_____________
89
22
30
34
5
22
$2,500-$2,999_____________
127
30
29
9
34
$3,000-$3,499.____________
189
16
35
7
$3,500-$3,999________ ____
217
15
39
23
6
251
22
34
$4,000-$4,999...........................
19
9
775
20
$5,000 and over....................
8
40
4

45
36
26
24
18
14
16
15
16
14
15
18
22
33

$500-$749.................................
$750-$999............ ...............—
$1,000-$1,249....................
$1,250-$1,499______ ____ _
$1,500-$1,749_____________
$1,750-$1,999_______ ____ _
$2,000-$2,249_______ _____
$2,250-$2,499_______ _____
$2,500-$2,999_______ ____ _
$3,000-$3,499...................— .
$3,500-$3,999_____________
$4,000-$4,999_____________
$5,000-$7,499_____________
$7,500 and over----------------

46
26
24
19
34
15
18
23
12
12
23
17
12
17

13
15
23
11
32
35
27
36
33
21
38
30
26

45
45
43
45
38
37
31
32
33
35
29
21
24
10

3
5
1
2
1
2
3
5
5
10
1
5
3

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES

3
8
9
10
9
8
7
7
5
8
6
11
9
18

(*)
(*)

(*)

4
2
1
4
2
1
4
3
3
5
4
3

5
2
2
4
2
4
2
2
6
7
10

*Less than 1 percent.

At most income levels in Omaha and the Rocky Mountain city
units, amounts paid out for the support of relatives and gifts to other
persons not members of the economic family 16 were most important,
18 Included are all kinds of gifts to persons not members of the economic family. Gifts exchanged
within the family are entered in the appropriatie sections of the schedule. The character of gifts to non
family members is not known, however. Hence, from the point of view of market analysis, a study of aggre
gate purchases for specific categories, made from these expenditure data, will somewhat underestimate the
total purchases made by these families.
A study of check list data gives an indication of the value of clothing and of furnishings or equipment re
ceived as gifts from persons outside the family. It seems reasonable to assume that the value of such gifts
was roughly equivalent to the amounts spent by members of the families studied for similar gifts to persons
outside the family. No information was requested, however, concerning the value of other types of gifts
received.




MINOR CATEGORIES OF EXPENDITURE

79

followed by contributions to the church and other religious organiza
tions. In Dubuque-Springfield, however, church contributions were
generally the largest item at the $2,500 level. In general, outlays
for support of relatives increased with especial rapidity. Together
with the rapid rise in personal taxes at the higher income levels,
they accounted for much of the rapid increase in the total.
The occupational classification of a family apparently had little
influence on expenditures in this field, but family composition was a
factor of considerable importance. With unusual uniformity, the
two-person families ranked high in this respect.16 This is probably
due chiefly to variations in the average amounts given to relatives and
other persons not members of the economic family, since small fami
lies, having fewer persons to support on a given income, are more apt
to have funds available to be used in this way. Furthermore, among
families at the higher income levels, differences in number of dependents
likewise affect the amounts paid in income taxes.
Summary.—Average expenditures for all the minor categories
combined rose rapidly at successive income levels, absorbing a steadily
increasing share of total expenditures. This rise reflected the more
or less rapid increase in the proportion of the total taken by recreation,
contributions, and personal taxes, and, to a lesser extent, education.
Average expenditures for medical care, reading, and tobacco absorbed
a relatively constant share of all expenditures.
The share of total money expenditures devoted to this miscellaneous
group of goods and services showed no clear relationship, either to city
size or to area. Average dollar expenditures, on the other hand, tended
to run higher for families in the Rocky Mountain area than for those
at comparable income levels in West Central cities of the same size.
City size appeared to bear no relationship to the amounts spent, how
ever, since families in Butte-Pueblo tended to spend more than those
in Denver, while families in Omaha generally spent more than those
in Dubuque-Springfield. Families in the last-named city unit gen
erally had the lowest expenditures for medical care and reading, but
they ranked high in outlays for education and contributions and
personal taxes.
There were few clear occupational differences in expenditures for
the groups of items discussed in this chapter. Only in respect to
recreation and reading was there a suggestion of occupational differ
ences ; wage-earner families in the four urban units had relatively low
expenditures for both these categories. It is not surprising, there
fore, to find no consistent occupational patterning of expenditures for
the minor categories as a group. Not only family income, but also
individual family tastes, incidence of illnesses, and circumstances
ifl This remains true when the influence of the varying occupational composition of the type groups is
eliminated. See appendix D.




80

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

regarding dependent relatives were of much greater importance than
the occupation in which a family was classified in explaining the
magnitude of these expenditures.
Family type, on the other hand, appears to have been somewhat
more closely related than occupation to expenditures for the items
comprising the group called minor categories. Average expenditures
for formal education were of course directly related to family size and
age composition. Outlays for contributions and personal taxes were
in general inversely related to family size. When the average expendi
tures for all the minor categories are combined, however, the differences
balance out and no clear pattern emerges.




Chapter VIII
Surplus and Deficit Items

A summary of the relationship between the current money income
and expenditures of the families studied in the West Central-Rocky
Mountain region was presented in chapter II. It was shown there
that, in general, among families with incomes below $1,500, average
money expenditures for the year tended to outrun average money
incomes. At higher income levels, a rising proportion of families
reported surpluses of increasing average amounts. As a result, while
families with incomes below $750 incurred average net deficits for the
year that ranged between $100 and $200 in the various urban units,
families with incomes of $5,000 and over accumulated surpluses
averaging over $1,250 in the large cities and over $2,000 in the middlesized cities.
Nature of changes in assets and liabilities.—Almost all the families
which incurred deficits during the year increased some asset items, or
paid off some old obligations. The great majority of them, for exam
ple, reported some insurance premiums paid. On the other hand,
few of the families, however large their net surplus for the year,
failed to draw upon reserves or incur obligations with respect to one
or more of the items on the deficit side of the ledger.
The purpose of the present chapter is to make a more detailed
analysis of surplus and deficit, in order to show the relative impor
tance, among families at different income levels, of negative and posi
tive changes in family assets and liabilities, and of the various asset
and liability items.1 We will thus be investigating the component
changes which, balanced against one another, made up the average
net surplus or deficit discussed in chapter II.
It must be recognized at the start that it was not one of the aims
of the Study of Consumer Purchases to measure the total net worth
of the families interviewed. The family was asked to report, not the
total amount of its bank accounts or its outstanding bills, but only
the net increase or the net decrease that had taken place in each
item during the year of the survey. As was noted above, almost all
families had paid some insurance premiums for the year, which meant
an increase in assets. Some families, in order to make these payments,
had withdrawn sums from bank accounts, which decreased their
i The following discussion is based on a summary of detailed data to be published in Bull. 648, vol. VIII.




81

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

82

assets. Purchases of property would increase the family’s invest
ments, but might involve a corresponding change on the other side
of the ledger, through withdrawals from the savings account or the
signing of a note at the bank.
Payments on the principal of a mortgage were classified as a reduc
tion in liabilities, as were payments on bills incurred before the begin
ning of the schedule year.2 On the other hand, taking out a mortgage
on property, or increasing the principal of an existing mortgage meant
an increase in liabilities. So also did increases in unpaid balances on
installment or other credit purchases made during the year. Loans
obtained from a bank or from other sources likewise increased
liabilities.
T able

33 .—Surplus items: Average amount of change in 1 yeart 1985-36

All surplus items i_______________
Increases in assets______________ Bank accounts2______________
Investments_________________
Insurance___________________
Other
_ ___________
Decreases in liabilities____________
Mortgage payments__________
Loans due___________________
Balances due________________
Other_____ ___ ______ _______

$60 $66 $163 $133 $267 $242 $389 $406 $533 $619 $707 $1,101 $1,177 $3,406
50 45 124 97 206 171 305 302 430 506 622 911 1,054 3,223
14 4 12 17 39 29 96 86 125 132 168 192 309 1,251
1 63
65 38 80 30 85 84 193 271 247 1, 371
36 36 40 ""69 83 100 111 143 181 252 220 396 463 601
4 9 11 19 3 18 43 39 38 41 52 35
10 21 39 36 61 71 84 104 103 113 85 190 123 183
6 15 22 16 33 44 53 68 67 75 41 150 58 116
3 1 7 9 3 6 7 8 8 37 11 28 67
4 3 15 11 17 23 23 24 25 30 7 27 37
2
(*) 1 2 2 1 2 4 3
DENVER

All surplus items 1...... ........................ $265 $57 $105 $219 $278 $282 $303 $439 $514 $706 $788 $1, 398 $1,743 $3,905
Increases in assets............................... 256 41 78 176 231 197 221 363 398 489 552 1,202 1,626 3,418
Bank accounts2______________ 1 2 11 19 32 33 27 94 102 144 223 287 354 709
6 72 63 36 38 116 124 68 71 264 698 1,472
Investments_________________ 231
Insurance......................................- 24 ""39 56 67 134 110 137 134 160 241 244 593 512 1,164
Other____ ____ _________ ____
5 18 2 18 19 19 12 36 14 58 62 73
9 16 27 43 47 85 82 76 116 217 236 196 117 487
Decreases in liabilities.....................
Mortgage payments.......... ......... 2 6 1 11 11 32 41 34 71 152 180 123 98 251
Loans due....................................... 7 3 3 8 6 7 8 7 10 17 31 25
2 208
Balances due________________
6 20 22 24 43 21 31 34 43 25 48 12 28
1 3 2 6 3 12 4 1 5
O ther................................... . __
5
(*)
1 Surplus items represent the increases in assets and decreases in liabilities for all families at the respective
income levels. M any of these families also reported decreases in assets and increases in liabilities, as shown
in table 35. The algebraic sum of all surplus and all deficit items at a given income level is the average net
surplus or deficit, as shown in table 5, ch. II of this bulletin.
2Including cash on hand.
♦ Less than $1.
2 This was true whether the payment was made from current income or was defrayed through a change in
some asset or some other liability item.




83

SURPLUS AND DEFICIT ITEMS

Important surplus items?—The data presented in table 33 for fam
ilies studied in Omaha and Denver bear out the statement that
surplus items were not unimportant, even for families at income
levels where substantial net deficits were incurred for the year.
They amounted, on the average, to $100 or more at all income levels
of $1,000 and over in both cities.
Among increases in assets, insurance premiums paid were usually
the major item. They averaged $100 or more in amount beginning at
the $1,500 level in Denver and the $1,750 level in Omaha. At most
income levels they accounted for one-third or more of all surplus items
among Omaha families, and at least 30 percent among Denver families.
(See table 34.) In general, they formed a larger proportion of all
surplus items in the lower than in the upper portion of the income
scale. However, insurance premiums paid constituted an irregu
larly increasing proportion of money income at successive income
levels. They averaged about 5 percent of money income for families
below the $1,500 level, but 8 to 9 percent for families at the $4,000
level or above in Omaha, and more than 10 percent for these high in
come families in Denver. (See table 34.) Thus, although other forms
of saving increased somewhat more rapidly than insurance, over the
income range, the latter increased more rapidly than average money
income. Average insurance premium payments tended to be larger
in Denver than in Omaha, and to form a slightly larger percentage of
money income.
T able

34 .—Average insurance premiums paid by families in the large cities as a

percentage of money income and of all surplus items
Omaha-Council Bluffs
Income class

$500-$749____________ ______________________________
$750-$999_______ ____________________________________
$1,000-$1,249_________________________________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________________________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________________________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________________________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________________________________
$2,250-$2,499_______ _________________________________
$2,500-$2,999_______ _________________________________
$3,000-$3,499________ ________________________________
$3,500-13,999_________________________________________
$4,000-$4,999________ _____ __________________ ___
$5,000-$7,499_________________________________________
$7,500 and over____________ ________ ________________

Denver

Percentage Percentage Percentage Percentage
of money of all sur of money of all sur
income plus items income plus items
6
4
4
5
5
6
6
6
7
8
6
9
9
6

60
55
25
52
31
41
29
35
34
41
31
36
39
18

4
5
55
9
6
7

6
6
8
7
14
9
12

9
68
53
31
48
39
45
31
31
34
31
42
29
30

3 “Surplus items” has been used to mean items, of increase in assets and decrease in liabilities These
are distinguished from “deficit items,” i. e., items of decrease in assets and increase in liabilities. The final
family surplus or deficit (as distinguished from surplus or deficit items) may be computed as the balance
between these two sets of items. It will be seen that this balance is (except for balancing differences, see
glossary, p. 279) necessarily the same as the difference between current money income and current money
expenditure.




84

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Next in importance to insurance, among the asset items come
increases in bank accounts and in investments in real estate, business,
or securities. Sometimes one was the more important, sometimes the
other. In general, both were of much greater importance at the upper
than at the lower income levels. Increases in bank accounts averaged
$100 or more in amount among families with incomes of $2,500 or
more. Investments, as might be expected, showed a less regular
tendency to increase at successive income levels.
Most important of the decreases in liabilities were payments on the
principal of mortgages. Among Omaha families, they accounted
at most income levels for one-half or more of all decreases in liabili
ties; but were generally less important in Denver until incomes of
$2,000 or more were reached. At the lower income levels in Denver,
payments on balances due to the grocer, the doctor, or the automobile
finance company were larger in average amount. Payments on bills
due never averaged as much as $50 at any income level in either city,
however, whereas payments in the principal of mortgages at several
of the upper income levels averaged more than $100 in amount.
Payments on loans due were usually not of importance, although
the rather erratic variation in average amounts suggests that, at the
upper income levels particularly, there were a few families which made
substantial payments of this type.
In general, the total of surplus items showed a clear relationship to
income, and consisted primarily of increases in assets, which increased
rather steadily at successive income levels. Decreases in liabilities
were less directly related to income.
Important deficit items.—Deficit items were less closely related to
income than were surpluses, as might be expected. In general,
averages for the deficit items were larger at the upper than at the
lower income levels. At the upper income levels they were exceeded
by the much larger averages for the surplus items but among the lower
income families aggregate deficits exceeded aggregate surpluses.
Furthermore, the total of deficit items was at some income levels
made up chiefly of decreases in assets, and at other levels, chiefly of
increases in liabilities. There was a general tendency, particularly in
Denver, for increases in liabilities to be the greater at the lower income
levels, and for decreases in assets to exceed them at the upper
levels. (See table 35.) This is natural, since families at the upper
income levels would be more apt to have substantial reserves upon
which they could draw in case of necessity. It is worth noting that
the total of deficit items, like the total of surplus items, was usually
greater in average amount among Denver than among Omaha families.
At most income levels in both cities, the most important of the
decreases in assets were reductions in bank accounts. For families
that have bank accounts, they are probably the most liquid form of




SURPLUS AND DEFICIT ITEMS

85

assets, and therefore most likely to be drawn upon in case of need.
It should be pointed out, however, that it was only at the lower
income levels (below $2,000 in Omaha, $2,250 in Denver) that the
decreases in bank accounts, listed under deficit items, exceeded in
average amount the increases in bank accounts, which contributed
to surpluses. In other words, among families at these lower income
levels, there was a net decrease in bank accounts for the year, on the
average, while among the families with larger incomes there was a
net increase.
T able

35.

—Deficit items: Average amount of change in 1 yeart 1985-36

All deficit items 2................................. $244 $130 $229 $161 $223 $171 $252 $148 $203 $255 $217 $355 $416 $645
Decrease in assets............................... 98 51 76 46 84 94 154 54 97 135 159 164 230 306
Bank accounts 2______________ 6 44 44 43 44 69 89 30 73 104 55 65 81
3 23 (*) 4 12 43 20 19 16 99 57 132
Investments_____________ ___
Insurance *............................. ....... 85 1 4 3 32 9 18 2 3 13 5 41 17 139
1
4 4 4 2 2 2 (*)
Other_______________________ 7 3 6
167
Increase in liabilities_____________ 146 79 153 115 139 77 98 94 106 120 58 191 186 339
5 51 6 40 14 10 14 37 50
155 148
Mortgages payable...................
4
313
Loans due___________________ 46 25 38 47 38 9 18 19 19 33 ~~25
96 40 55 53 57 51 64 57 47 34 29 31 37 26
Balances due.............................
1
1
Other_____ ____ __ ____ _____ 4 9 9 9 4 3 6 4 3 3 4
D EN V E R
All deficit items 1............................. . $398 $130 $144 $276 $312 $217 $261 $270 $289 $322 $415 $610 $639 $1, 457
86 55 50 81 154 n o 102 104 168 216 244 447 494 1,044
Decrease in assets...........................
Bank accounts2______________ 76 47 33 65 78 61 72 63 91 164 95 218 96 630
Investments........................... ....... 2 2 13 3 59 34 20 33 61 50 63 161 190 398
Insurance3 _________________ 8 5 3 10 15 6 8 6 13 1 8 68 49
1 1 3 2 9 2 2 3 1 78 (*)
159 16
Other ____________________
94 195 158 107 159 166 121 106 171 163 145 413
312
75
Increase in liabilities..........................
Mortgages payable.................. . 234
6 80 24 1 25 63 28 4 35 56 47 375
Tinans d im
12 26 23 33 30 19 33 38 25 46 62 26 24
Balances due................................. 52 46 60 78 100 83 95 64 66 54 69 71 74 38
Of.hfir
14 3 5 4 4 4 6 1 2 2 5 10 (*)
* Deficit items represent the decreases in assets and increases in liabilities for families at the respective
income levels. Many of these families also reported increases in assets and decreases in liabilities, as shown
in table 33. The algebraic sum of all surplus items and all deficit items at a given income level is the average
net surplus or deficit, as shown in table 5, ch. II, of this bulletin.
2 Including cash on hand,
s Insurance policies settled and surrendered.
♦ Less than $1.

No other form of decrease in assets approached withdrawals from
bank accounts in general importance. At some income levels, par
ticularly the high incomes in Denver, decreases in investments were
fairly substantial in average amount. At most income levels, how
ever, at least in Omaha, they were under $50. Furthermore, the




86

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

average amount of decrease was at most income levels less than the
average amount of increase in investments reported on the surplus
side of the ledger.
Insurance policies settled and surrendered formed an important
part of decreases in assets for a few families, as indicated by the
average amounts, which varied almost at random over the income
range.
Much the same can be said of increases in the principal of mortgages
payable, which contributed to liabilities. At most income levels in
both Omaha and Denver such increases were less than $50 in average
amount. At two levels in each city, however, they averaged well over
$100. Increases in loans due also amounted at most income levels to
less than $50, although these increases were usually larger in average
amount than were the decreases which went to make up surpluses.
In general, the most important item among increases in liabilities
was increases in balances due, which included charge and installment
accounts, bills due the doctor or the grocer. At many income levels,
such increases amounted to half or more of the total increase in
liabilities, and at several levels were the largest component of all
deficit items. They generally averaged $50 or more in amount up
to the $2,500 level among Omaha families, and all the way up the
income scale in Denver. At practically every income level, the average
increases in balances due were larger than the average decreases on
the other side of the ledger. Thus net increases were recorded in this
category all the way up the income scale.
At most income levels, particularly in Denver, increases in balances
due consisted primarily of amounts due on installment purchases.
Detailed figures on changes in such amounts have therefore been pre
pared for Denver and Butte-Pueblo, as typifying the general situation
in this region. As will be seen from table 36, the proportion of families
reporting increases in amounts due on installment purchases was at
most income levels considerably larger than the proportion reporting
decreases during the year of the survey. Thus, the maximum pro
portion reporting decreases at any income level was 19 percent in
Denver and 29 percent in the middle-sized cities of the Kocky Moun
tain area. Even in the smaller cities, the proportion exceeded 20
percent at only two income levels. In contrast, at each income level
from $750 to $3,500 in Denver, between one-fourth and one-third of the
families reported increases. In the middle-sized cities, the propor
tion reporting increases varied from 9 to 38 percent, and was more than
30 percent at all income levels between $1,000 and $2,500.
In addition, the average amount of increase in installment obligations
due per family reporting increases was at most income levels larger
than the average decrease per family reporting such decreases. The
decreases averaged $200 at only two income levels in Denver and were




87
under $100 at four levels. The increases, on the other hand, were over
$100 at all but the lowest income levels, and exceeded $200 at seven
levels. A similar situation appeared in the middle-sized cities.
SURPLUS AND DEFICIT ITEMS

T able

36 .—

Increases an d decreases in am ounts due on installm ent purchases
reported am ong fa m ilies in the R ocky M ou n tain region
Families reporting
decreases

Income class

Percentage Average
amount

Families reporting
increases
Percentage

Average
amount

D EN V E R
$500-$749.......... ..........................................................................
$750- $999........................................................ .............................
$1,000-$1,249____________ _______ ______ ______ ____ _
$1,250-$1,499_____________ __________ ______________ I..
$1,500-$1,749.............................................................................
$1,750-$1,999............... .................................................................
$2,000-$2,249............- ................................... .............................
$2,250-$2,499.................................................................................
$2,500-$2,999............... ..............................................................
$3,000-$3,499.......................................................................... .
$3,50O-$3,999____________________ ________ ____________

$4,000-$4,999....................................................... ................................. ..
$5,000-$7,499._........................................................................................
$7,500 and over______________________________________

8

17
18
18
15
15
15
19
16
18
10
6

112
100

$50
106
140
113
140
158
219
133
220
33

16
29
29
25
33
29
27
23
26
24

$100
62
121
168
188
207
267
191
215
179

14
18
12
5

264
300
467
520

9
17
19
37
36
31
33
30
32
24
20
10

$44
76
116
162
142
223
179
227
184
304
265
347
174

M ID D LE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499................................................................................................................
$500-$749_............................ ............................... — .............. ..................... —
$750-$999.................................................................................................................
$1,000-$1,249.........................................................................................................
$1,250-$1,499................................ .............. ....................................................... ..
$1,500-$1,749..................................... ...................................................................
$1,750-$1,999.................... .............................................................................
$2,000-12,249_____________ __________________________ ___________
$2,250-12,499....................................................................... ..................................
$2,500-^2,999........................................................................................................
$3,000-$3,499________________________________ ___________________
$3,500-$3,999 _.......................................... ....................................................
$4,000-$4,999_______ _______________________________ _____________
$5,000 and over___......................................................... ....................

7
4
8
14
16
18
19
19
29
12
20

22
11

$29
100
125
64
88
139
116
116
166
292
290
205
345

19

10

595

It is thus clear that the families studied in the West Central-Rocky
Mountain region ended the schedule year owing substantially larger
average balances on installment purchases than they had at the begin
ning of the year. This is in line with what might be expected during
a year of recovery after a severe depression. Further examination
of the figures indicates that increases consisted chiefly of balances
due on automobiles, although at some income levels, purchases of
furniture, and, in the middle-sized cities, of electric refrigerators
.resulted in fairly substantial net increases.
There were no very consistent differences between Denver and
Butte-Pueblo in the average amounts of increase and decrease re
ported. (See table 36.) The proportion of families reporting
decreases, however, tended to be smaller in the middle-sized cities
than in Denver at incomes up to $1,750, and larger thereafter. With
1 2 5 0 1 9 °— 10------ 7




88

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

respect to the percentage reporting increases, a reverse relationship ap
peared, with the proportion usually larger in the middle-sized cities
up to the $2,500 level, and smaller at higher incomes. In other words,
the low income families were more apt to be increasing their install
ment purchases in the middle-sized cities than in Denver, while the
high income families were more apt to be increasing them in Denver.
Fig. 4

SOURCE AND DISPOSITION OF FUNDS
USED FOR FAMILY LIVING IN ONE YEAR
AT SELECTED INCOME LEVELS
OMAHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS, 1 9 3 5 - 3 6
NONRELIEF W H IT E FAMILIES INCLUDING HUSBAND
AND WIFE BOTH NATIVE BORN
INCOME CLASS
(In
Dollars)

PERCENTAGE

100

0

500

AND UNDER

5000
7500

ANDUNDER

7 AND
500
OVER

SOURCE OF FUNDS
MONEY INCOME
OECREASE IN ASSETS
INCREASE IN LIABILITIES

DISPOSITION OF FUNDS
■ ■ I
t o !

EXPENDITURES
INCREASE IN ASSETS
DECREASE IN LIABILITIES

U .S .B U R E A U OF LABOR STATISTICS

Source a n d d isp o sitio n o f fu n d s used f o r f a m ily liv in g .—By way of
conclusion, it may be interesting to examine the source of all the funds
used for family living at selected income levels and the total disburse
ments of families at those levels. The funds used included current
money income together with amounts withdrawn from accumula
tions of previous years and increases in obligations during the year
covered by the survey. Money disbursements, on the other hand,
comprised money expenditures for consumer goods and services,
and increases in assets and decreases in previously incurred obligations.




SURPLUS AND DEFICIT ITEMS

89

In figure 4, the source and disposition of total funds used are pre
sented, by way of illustration, for Omaha families in selected income
classes. It will be seen that at the lowest income level ($500 to
$750), current money income provided only 72 percent of the funds
disbursed during the year, decreases in assets supplying 11 percent,
and increases in liabilities, 17 percent. Money expenditures for
current family living, on the other hand, substantially exceeded money
income, constituting all but 7 percent of total disbursements. The
balance was made up largely of increases in assets. At the next
income level, money income took care of 87 percent total disburse
ments, decreases in assets supplying 5 percent and increases in lia
bilities almost 8 percent, each only about half as important as at
the $500 to $750 level. Money expenditures, still somewhat larger
than money income, comprised 94 percent of total disbursements.
Increases in assets were about twice as important as decreases in
liabilities. At the $1,500 to $1,750 income level, current money
incomes averaged slightly larger than money expenditures. Decreases
in assets and increases in liabilities each contributed about the same
share to funds used as at the $750 level, but increases in assets were a
much more important form of disbursement than at that level. At the
two highest income levels covered in Omaha, money income provided
over 92 percent of the funds used for family living; decreases in
assets and increases in liabilities again took care of about equal pro
portions of the remaining balance. Money expenditures for current
living, on the other hand, decreased markedly in relation to total dis
bursements, constituting 80 and 69 percent of the total for families at
the $5,000 and $7,500 levels, respectively. Disbursements other than
current expenditures were made up almost entirely of increases in
assets.
Changes in family assets and liabilities during the year of the
survey were somewhat more important in Denver than in Omaha,
particularly at the $500 to $750 level and in two highest income classes
studied, income providing a smaller share of funds for family living
and money expenditures constituting a smaller proportion of total
disbursements. Decreases in assets, which declined in relative im
portance among Omaha families at successive income levels, contrib
uted as large a share of the funds used by Denver families at the
high as at the low income levels.




Chapter IX
Summary

The discussion of family expenditures in the preceding chapters
was primarily in terms of averages, and of variations in those averages
that were associated with differences in income level, in occupational
classification, and in family composition. The averages necessarily
obscured the differences among individual families within a given
classification in amounts spent and the apportionment of that spend
ing. While the averages that have been presented make it possible to
discern the broad outlines of family consumption patterns, and the
differences in those patterns that may be expected among families of
different socio-economic status, it is important to consider how widely
families similar in certain established respects differ among them
selves in expenditures for consumption goods and services.
Variation in total expenditures among jamilies with similar incomes.—
Throughout the income range, there was wide variation among fam
ilies in the amounts spent for current family living. (See table 37.)
Among Denver families, the highest total expenditure reported at
most income levels was three or four times as great as the lowest,
while among Omaha families the highest was generally two or three
times as great as the lowest. In both city groups, however, the range
was as wide in the upper portion of the income scale as in the lower.
As the figures on deficits at the lower income levels have shown, a
majority of the families in the lowest income groups in each city had
expenditures above the upper limit of the income interval in which
they were classified. This was true of less than two-fifths of the
families at all succeeding levels, however, the proportion decreasing
with considerable regularity, to less than 1 in 10 for the groups receiv
ing incomes of $4,000 and more. On the other hand, the proportion
of families that had a money value of living below the lower limit of
their income class increased rapidly up to the $2,500 level, but there
after showed no clear tendency to increase with income. At all
income levels above $1,250, in both Omaha and Denver, between
one-fifth and slightly more than two-fifths of the families had expend
itures that fell within the limits of their income class.
90




OMAHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS

1
5
5
9
3
2

1
1
7
6
4
2

1
(*)
1
2 (*) 1 2
6 3 3 7 1
7 8 11 24 10
3 3 6 38 21
5
2 26 22
3 14
2

1
(*)
2
"l2"
19 12 6
17 25 41
57 14

27

1
(*)
2
1 "T 1
1
3
1
1 (•)
2
1 (*) (*) 1 " I"
2
5 3 4 3 2 2 1
(*)
11 14 7 2 8 8 1 1 1
2 1 5 20 4 39 6
6 4 4 4 4 31 33 7 3 2
2 4 4 2 2 29 24 15 11 4
11 15 21 4 40 8
9 6 41 22

22

SUMMARY

5
$500-$749.......................................... 7 11 32 15 12 11
7
$750-$999_........................................
1 33 33 13 11 5
3 1
1
1 1
$1,000-$1,249_........................... ___
6 23 23 20 ~~6 10 7 2
$1,250-$!,499..................................
1 4 8 14 30 8 15 6 5 2 2 2
3
1
$1,500-$1,749..................................
2 2 . . . . 5 12 17 16 18 14 5 3 1 ~ T 2
$1,750-$1,999______ ____ ______
5 4 15 13 25 12 6 5 3 8 1 1
$2,000-$2,249..................................
2 3 4 7 8 15 18 10 12 5 3 4
1
$2,250-$2,499...................................
10 12 4
(*) 2 3 35 32 106 9 9 226 11
$2,500-$2,999_____ __________
2 6
15 12
(*)
$3,000-$3,499_______ __________
5 9 32 32 105
1
$3,500-$3,999_______ _________
1
5
$4,000-$4,999_______ __________
$5,000-$7,499_.................................
$7,500 and over..........................
D EN VER
$500-$749_..................................... 9 22 31 14 13 5
6
1
$750-$999____________ ________
3 5 30 34 10 5 8 4
$1,C00-$1,249.................................
2 10 25 20 18 9 10 3 3
1
1 2 8 21 18 10 15 5 8 5 1 1 1
$1,250-$1,499________ ________ _
1 1 6 9 17 20 13 11 6 3 4 (•) 1 1
$1,500-$1,749..................................
$1,750-$1,SS9_________________
5 11 13 12 13 11 7 3 5 5 2
1 2 6
1 1 1 7 9 13 19 14 9 10 6 5
$2,000-$2,249_____ ______ ____ _
1 1 2 5 2 4 14 10 15 7 11 8
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,500-$2,999..................................
2 2 2 2 3 5 9 6 12 4
1
2
3
$3,000-$3,499_................................
4 3 10
$3,500-$3,999________ ____ ____
1
1
1 1
$4,000-$4,999_............................... .
I"
1
$5,000-$7,499...................................
$7,500 and over..............................

1 Includes total money expenditures for current family living and the value of housing, food, and fuel obtained without money expense.
*Less than 1 percent.




CO

92

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

When the same data are examined for individual categories (such
as food, clothing, housing, or transportation), the variations in
amounts spent from family to family are even wider, relatively,
than are found in total expenditures for current family living. Such
variations reflect the wide differences among families in their habits
and tastes, as well as in the circumstances that operate in any given
year to modify their usual pattern of spending.1
The share of food, clothing, and housing in the family budget.—Despite
the dispersion of expenditures at any given income level, certain
limits (elastic, to be sure) are set to a family’s expenditures for many
goods and services by the sums absorbed by the three basic essentials
of living, food, shelter, and clothing.2 In combination, these three
groups of expenditure accounted, on the average, for more than 70
percent of the total expenditures of families with incomes under $1,000.
(See table 38.) At the $1,750 to $2,000 level for families in each
urban unit, they absorbed somewhat less than two-thirds of the total.
Only among the relatively few families with incomes of $7,500 and
over in the large cities and $5,000 and over in Butte-Pueblo, however,
was less than one-half of total expenditures devoted to the necessities.
The overwhelming importance of food, shelter, and clothing at the
lower income levels, and their declining importance at succeeding
income levels, is even more striking when measured in terms of income
rather than expenditures. Among families with incomes of $250 to
$500, expenditures for these goods and services amounted to 20 per
cent more than income; among families with incomes of $500 to $750
in these four urban units, food, housing, and clothing accounted for
more than 90 percent of income. By the $1,750 to $2,000 level, the
share of income going to these categories had declined to little more
than three-fifths, while families in the highest bracket studied in each
community spent only about one-third of their incomes in this way.
i See appendix E for discussion of variability in family expenditures. See also U. S. Bureau of Labor
Statistics, Bull. No. 642, Family Income and Expenditure in Chicago, Washington, 1939, vol. II, ch. IX,
for data on occupational and family type differences in the range of total expenditures.
* It is of course true, as already pointed out, that, among families at the upper income levels, expenditures
for these three categories include elements of comfort and display, as well as the means for the satisfaction of
basic needs. Indeed, clothing expenditures behave in a manner characteristic of luxuries, increasing in
relative importance at successive income levels.




SUMMARY
T able

38.

93

— Average expenditures fo r food, clothing, and housing, com bined, an d for
autom obiles, recreation, and household help, com bined
Automobiles, recreation, and
household help

Food, clothing, and housing
Income class
Amount

Percentage Percentage
of total
of total
expendi
income
tures

Amount

Percentage Percentage
of total
of total
expendi
income
tures

OM AHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS
$642
720
881
994
1,085
1,194
1,276
1,359
1,523
1,709
1,841
2,178
2,622
3,738

$500-$749...........
$750-$999______
$1,000-$1,249__
$1,250-$1,499___
$1,500-$1,749—
$1,750-$1,999_._
$2,000-$2,249.._
$2,250-$2,499__
$2,500-$2,999__
$3,000-$3,499__
$3,500-$3,999...
$4,000-$4,999__
$5,000-$7,499__
$7,600 and over.

71.0
73.0
71.6
69.3
68.0
66.6
64.4
63.6
63.0
59.4
56.4
57.7
53.7
46.3

91.8
79.4
76.5
71.5
66.3
64.2
60.2
57.0
55.7
53.0
49.1
48.4
46.3
34.6

$34
62
84
130
139
187
252
251
307
423
524
614
1,080
1,797

3.8
6.3
6.8
9.1
8.7
10.4
12.7
11.7
12.7
14.7
16.1
16.3
22.1
22.3

94.3
79.3
71.8
67.2
65.1
61.6
59.5
57.1
54.7
53.8
50.7
49.0
44.8
37.0

$45
78
117
180
218
244
311
337
407
443
624
597
925
1,530

5.5
8.0
9.8
12.2
13.0
13.3
14.8
15.2
16.2
15.4
18.3
16.2
19.0
19.3

10.2
12.9
13.3
13.0
14.6
14.1
14.9
13.7
16.7
13.4
15.6
14.8

3.3
4.8;
4.7
8.8
9.7
11.8
12.5
13.0
13.4
16.8
14.7
17.0
17.4
20.0

5.1
5.4
5.0
8.9
9.5
11.4
11.6
11.9
11.5
15.3
12.1
13.3
13.5
12.9

4.0
9.2
7.9
12.8
12.6
13.9
13.5
16.3
15.0
16.4
13.8
18.6
19.2
20.4

6.3
12.0
9.3
14.4
13.6
13.7
13.7
15.9
14.0
15.8
12.2
16.3
16.6
14.8

4.9
9.3
8.5
11.9
10.5
11.2
13.1
14.0
13.6
19.1
16.6

10.0

D EN V E R
$631
707
821
940
1,063
1,159
1,267
1,362
1, 500
1, 745
1,897
2,185
2,662
3,827

$500-$749...............
$760-$999...............
$1,000-$1,249.........
$1,250-$1,499.........
$1,500-$1,749.........
$1,750-$1,999.........
$2,000-$2,249.........
$2,250-$2,499.........
$2,500-$2,999.........
$3,000~$3,499.........
$3,500-$3,999.........
$4,000-$4,999____
$5,000-$7,499.........
$7,600 and over...

77.2
72.6
69.0
63.9
63.2
63.2
60.4
61.4
59.6
60.8
55.7
59.1
54.8
48.4

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499........................................
$500-$749____________________
$750-$999________ ___________
$1,000-$1,249__________ ______
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749________________
$1,750-$1,999______ __________
$2,000-$2,249.............................
$2,250-$2,499_______ ____ ____
$2,500-$2,999_________________
$3,000-$3,499_________________
$3,500-$3,999................ .................
$4,000-$4,999_________________
$5,000 and over................__ . . .

$545
588
699
828
940
1,037
1,122
1,221
1,341
1,483
1,602
1,684
1,984
2,366

79.0
79.9
75.0
71.7
69.6
65.8
64.7
62.5
64.8
59.4
59.9
57.5
57.6
51.9

120.0
91.0
79.3
72.0
68.2
63.6
60.0
57.3
55.9
53.9
49.5
45.0
44.8
33.6

$23
35
44
102
131
186
216
254
277
420
392
499
599
910

ROCKY" M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$499........................................
$500-$749____________________
$750-$999............... .......................
$1,000-$1,249_________________
$1,250-$1,499.................................
$1,500-$1,749_____ ___________
$1,750-$1,999______ __________
$2,000-$2,249________ ________
$2,250-$2,499................ .................
$2,500-$2,999................ . ..........
$3,000-$3,499____ ____________
$3,500-$3,999_________________
$4,000-$4,999...........................
$5,000 and over............................




$580
648
762
857
993
1,021
1,219
1,248
1,376
1,603
1,636
1,806
2,065
2,602

79.1
72.8
72.5
66.6
65.8
63.6
63.6
60.0
61.6
60.4
58.1
54.9
54.4
48.1

126.9
94.9
85.1
74.6
71.2
62.6
64.5
58.4
57.7
58.0
51.2
48.1
46.9
34.7

$29
82
83
165
190
223
258
339
335
436
390
610
729
1,107

94

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Expenditures jor recreation, automobiles, and household help.—In con
trast to expenditures for food, clothing, and housing are outlays that
may be classed as luxury expenditures, in the sense that one or all of
them could, in the face of necessity, be dispensed with by most fami
lies. These include outlays for automobiles (purchase and operation),
recreation, and household help. In marked contrast to the large but
slowly declining share of total expenditures absorbed by the first group,
the luxury expenditures accounted for a small but rapidly increasing
proportion. Among families in the lower portion of the income scale,
they accounted for less than 10 percent of the total, on the average,
while among those with incomes of $5,000 and more, they amounted to
about 20 percent. (See table 38.) Less than $100 was spent, on the
average, for these goods and services when income averaged less than
$1,250 in Omaha or $1,000 in the other communities, but over $900
by the few with incomes of $5,000 and more. In contrast to the total
for the “necessity expenditures,” which multiplied about six times
over the entire income range for families in the large cities, expendi
tures for the “ luxury ” group increased more than 52 times for Omaha
families and 34 times for Denver families, or twice as rapidly as in
come. In other words, expenditures for the “necessity” group tended
to be relatively constant at the different income levels; expenditures
for the “luxury” group were highly elastic in relation to income. At
the bottom of the income scale, the large city families spent 14 times
as much, on the average, for the necessity group as for the luxury
group. At the top of the income scale, they spent little more than
twice as much.
Relative changes in expenditures with changes in income.—The fore
going chapters have shown differences in the relative increases in
expenditures for the several categories of goods and services as suc
cessively larger incomes make possible a growing latitude in consumers’
choices.
These differences are vividly illustrated in the following table for
Denver families, showing the percentage increase in the various cate
gories of expenditure over a wide income range.
When average expenditures are compared for Denver families over
a range that begins with the group receiving $500 to $1,000 and ends
with those receiving $5,000 and over, the following percentage in
creases in expenditures are obtained for the individual categories,
arranged in order from the smallest relative increase to the greatest:




95

SUMMARY
Percentage
increase

Food1____________ __ __ 226
Reading___ __________
320
Housing 2_________ __ _ 328
Tobacco________ ________ 328
Personal care_____________ 395
Furnishings and equipment. 493
T o t a l E x p e n d i t u r e s ______
515
Transportation other than
automobile- __ __
519

P ercen ta g e
in crea se

Medical care_________
Automobile operation_
Clothing_____________
Household operation__
Automobile purchase
Recreation______ __
Contributions and per
sonal taxes__ ______
Education___________

619
697
936
1, 213
1, 335
2, 133
3, 720
5, 300

1Includes the value of food received without money expense.
2 Includes expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration and the value of housing and fuel received without
money expense.

Over this range, which represented a 764 percent increase in adjusted
family income, total expenditures rose but 515 percent. The differ
ence is accounted for by a reduction in deficit items and an increase in
savings, with a change from a net deficit of $89 to a net surplus of
$1,488. The increase in outlay for individual categories varied from
226 percent for food to 5,300 percent for education. Of the basic
and recurrent categories of consumption, food was the least elastic,
and household operation the most elastic. Similar increases were
found among Omaha families, except that expenditure for transporta
tion other than by automobile increased less in Omaha, and that for
furnishings and equipment more than in Denver.
It should be noted that the ratio of the increase of expenditures
to the increase of income, which may be referred to as elasticity
in expenditures, varies for families in different parts of the income
scale.8 This is indicated by the following table for Denver families,
which presents the percentage increase in average expenditures for
individual categories from the $750 to $1,000 level to the $1,500 to
$1,750 level and from the $3,000 to $3,500 class to the $5,000 to $7,500
class. Each involved an increase in average total income of 83 per
cent and a slightly smaller increase in total expenditures for current
family living. Each group included in the lower income comparison
ended the year with a net deficit, but the average deficit reported
in the $1,500 to $1,750 income group was 53 percent less than that
reported in the $750 to $1,000 group.
* For the technician it is noted that the percentages presented are an indication of elasticity, not a measure
of elasticity, which can only be treated with a mathematical technique that has no place in a volume such
as this. Elasticity of expenditure as related to income is the ratio of the increase in expenditure to the
increase of income, when the increase of expenditure is extremely small. Expressed mathematically it is
the tangent to the curve of expenditure as related to income. Thus, to measure elasticity for the various
items in the table it would be necessary to divide each percentage of change by the percentage of change of
income. Since this divisor is constant for each item in each column, the percentages shown do indicate the
relative degrees of elasticity.




96

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
$750-$999 to $1,5 0 0 -$ l ,749

P ercen ta g e
in crea se

Housing 1______________________ 36
Food 2________________________ 46
Tobacco_______________________ 50
Reading_______________________ 64
T o t a l E x p e n d i t u r e s __________ 73
Personal care__________________ 86
Furnishings and equipment_____ 90
Household operation____________ 94
Transportation other than auto
mobile______________________ 94
Automobile operation____________ 116
Clothing_______________________ 127
Contributions and personal taxes_ 153
Recreation______________________ 156
Medical care___________________ 177
Education______________________ 300
Automobile purchase____________ 353

$S,000-$8,499 to $5,000-$7,499

P ercen ta g e
in crea se

Furnishings and equipment_____ 22
Food2_________________________ 44
Housing 1______________________ 45
Personal care__________________ 59
Automobile operation___________ 65
T o t a l E x p e n d i t u r e s __________ 69
Automobile purchase___________ 74
Reading_______________________ 79
Tobacco_______________________ 79
Clothing_______________________ 89
Medical care___________________ 96
Transportation other than auto
mobile______________________ 110
Household operation____________ 116
Contributions and personal taxes. 121
Recreation______________________ 146
Education_____________________ 153

1 Includes expenditures for fuel, light, and refrigeration, and the value of housing and fuel received with
out money expense.
* Includes the value of food received without money expense

Each group included in the higher income comparison ended the
year with net savings, and the average net surplus of the families
with incomes ranging from $5,000 to $7,500 was 188 percent larger
than that reported by the families at the $3,000 to $3,500 level.
It will be seen that the elasticity in expenditures for clothing,
personal care, furnishings, medical care, education, automobile opera
tion and purchase, and contributions and personal taxes was greater
in the lower part of the income scale than in the upper. The most
striking change in respect to an expenditure category was in automo
bile purchase, which was relatively inelastic at the upper levels and
was among the most elastic categories among families in the lower
income classes. Only in the case of housing, household operation,
tobacco, and transportation other than by automobile was elasticity
in expenditures appreciably greater at the top than at the bottom of
the income scale.
The growth over the income range in average expenditures by
Denver families for the main categories is shown graphically in figures
5 and 6. These figures indicate both the level of outlay and the
relative increase in different parts of the income scale.4 The relatively
small increases in expenditures for both food and housing, noted in
chapters III and IV, are strikingly shown in figure 5. Among the
other categories, a number show relative increases that are very
similar. All categories of expenditure for consumption goods showed
a clear tendency toward a relatively slower increase at the higher
income levels, although this was least clearly marked with respect
to contributions and personal taxes, recreation, and education.
1 Average expenditures were smoothed and plotted on double logarithmic paper.




SUMMARY

97

Fig. 5

RELATIVE CHANGES IN SPECIFIED CATEGORIES
OF EXPENDITURE WITH CHANGES IN INCOME
DENVER, 1 9 3 5 - 1 9 3 6
NONRELIEF WHITE FAMILIES INCLUDING HUSBAND
AND WIFE BOTH NATIVE BORN
A N N U A L EXPENDITURE
( I n D o lla rs )

A N N U A L EXPENDITURE
( I n D ollars )

A N N U A L INCOME IN DOLLARS
The slopas of tho Unas shorn thopercent increase in expenditure corresponding to the percent increase in income.
A slope greater than that o to 4 5 degree line represents a gain in the specified kind of expenditure relatively
greater than the gain in Income a slope less than that of a 4 5 degree line represents a gain relatively smaller.

,

U .S .B U B t A U OF IA B O B S TATISTICS




98

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
Fig. 6

RELATIVE CHANGES IN SPECIFIED CATEGORIES
OF EXPENDITURE WITH CHANGES IN INCOME
DENVER, 1 9 3 5 - 1 9 3 6
NONRELIEF WHITE FAMILIES INCLUDING HUSBAND
AND WIFE BOTH NATIVE BORN
ANNUAL EXPENDITURE
(In Dollars )

ANNUAL EXPENDITURE
( I n D ollars )

The slopes of the lines show the percent increase in expenditure corresponding to the percent increase in income. A
slope greater than that of a 4 5 degree line represents a gain in the specified kind of expenditure relatively,
greater than the gain in income-, a slope less than that of a 4 5 degree line represents a gain relatively smaller.
U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS




SUMMARY

99

This flattening of the curves reflects the growing importance of
various forms of savings with increases in incomes. For example,
net savings increased more from the $3,000 to the $5,000 level than
any of the expenditure categories shown above.
Expenditures at successive income levels.—As has been indicated,
data for individual families reveal great differences among families
both in the general level of spending and in the apportionment of the
total among consumption goods and services. When families are
classified into groups that are homogenous in certain established
respects, however, their average expenditures for broad categories
assume such regularity of design that it is possible to speak of the
“patterns” of expenditure at successive income levels in the com
munities studied. The designs become especially apparent when the
families studied are grouped into a few broad income classes and the
pattern of expenditure is compared for families at these economic
levels. (See table 39.)
T able

39,— Percentage distribu tion

of adjusted fa m ily incom e

1

Percentage of total adjusted income
Income class

Average
total
adjusted
income

Total

Food

Contri
Home Clothing
Medi butions
per Trans
mainte and
porta
cal
and
per Other
sonal
sonal
tion
care
nance
care
taxes

OMAHA-OOTJNCIL BLU FFS
$500-$999 ..............
$1,000-$1,999...........
$2,000-$2,999...........
$8,000 and over___

$854
1,502
2,417
4,618

113.0
100.3
90.4
84.5

40.2
31.2
24.4
18.3

40.0
36.6
31.2
27.2

10.0
11.0
11.3
11.6

7.0
8.0
9.2
9.9

6.4
4.5
4.4
4.1

1.8
2.8
3.9
6.2

7.6
6.2
6.0
7.2

10.3
12.0
11.9
11.4

8.3
11.1
12.3
9.4

4.4
6.0
4.7
4.1

1.8
2.7
4.0
6.4

5.6
6.7
6.7
7.8

4.7
4.5
4.4
3.4

2.1
3.1
4.5
6.2

5.8
5.9
6.2
6.1

6.8
5.6
4.7
3.4

1.9
2.8
3.9
7.7

7.0
6.8
7.5
8.2

D EN V E R
$500-$999________
$1,000-$1,999..........
$2,000-$2,999_____
$3,000 and over___

$833
1,514
2,412
4,921

111.8
102.0
94.4
83.3

40.1
30.6
24.6
17.6

41.3
32.9
30.2
26.6

W EST CENTRAL: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250-$999__...........
$1,000-$1,999...........
$2,000-$2,999...........
$3,000 and over___

$745
1,464
2,331
4,531

111.7
96.8
89.6
74.1

44.6
31.7
24.5
16.4

39.1
32.1
28.7
23.8

10.7
11.2
11.6
10.3

4.7
8.3
9.7
7.9

ROCKY M O UNTAIN: M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES
$250--$999________
$1,000-$1,999...........
$2,000-$2,999_____
$3,000 and over___

$795
1,516
2,320
4,053

122.8
104.2
95.6
81.1

46.8
33.2
26.4
17.5

39.8
32.2
28.8
24.6

*See glossary for definition of items included in each category.




12.8
12.5
12.6
11.2

7.7
11.1
11.7
8.5

100

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Among families with incomes below $1,000, in all four urban units,
food and home maintenance together absorbed at least four-fifths of
total income,5 while clothing and personal care took at least one-tenth.
Thus, there was less than one-tenth remaining for all other categories,
including transportation, medical care, contributions and personal
taxes, recreation, and other miscellaneous groups of items. It is not sur
prising, therefore, that these families were unable to supply all of their
current needs out of income, and reported fairly substantial deficits.
Among families in succeeding income classes, food and home main
tenance took steadily decreasing proportions of income. This rela
tive decline was reflected largely in a shift from net deficits to net sur
pluses, but in part, also, by relative increases in amounts spent for
contributions and personal taxes, and to a less extent, for transporta
tion. The change over the income scale was most striking for families
in the Rocky Mountain middle-sized cities. Expenditures exceeded
income by 23 percent, among those with incomes of $250 to $1,000,
while among those with incomes of $3,000 and more, income exceeded
expenditures, resulting in a surplus that accounted for almost 20
percent of income. Food and home maintenance took only about
two-fifths of that total, or less than half as large a proportion as
reported at the lowest level. Contributions and personal taxes
absorbed four times as large a share as at the lowest level.
There was remarkably little difference to be observed, however,
between families in Denver and Omaha, or between families in the
middle-sized cities, in the apportionment of income at comparable
levels or in the relative changes with income in expenditures for the
various consumption categories.
* Figures for income and expenditures include the value of housing, food, and fuel obtained without money
expense in the year of the survey.




TAB U LAR SUM M ARY

The data presented in the following tables summarize, by major
groups, the expenditures of native white families living in selected
urban communities in the West Central-Rocky Mountain region.
The large cities were Omaha, Nebr., Council Bluffs, Iowa, and Denver,
Colo. The middle-sized city tabulation units included, in the West
Central area, were Dubuque, Iowa, and Springfield, Mo.; in the
Rocky Mountain area, Butte, Mont., and Pueblo, Colo.
The data on expenditures were obtained only from white nonrelief
families containing husband and wife, both native born. Not all
families meeting these qualifications were scheduled, but the number
of eligible families in the different income, occupational, and family
type groups is given in column 2 of all tables in order to show their
relative frequency in the community. (See statement in section on
sampling, appendix A, regarding the “eligible” sample.)
In the case of the large cities, data presented for “All families” and
for each family type group represent only families of wage earners at
the income level $500 to $750, and only families of wage earners and
clerical workers at incomes between $750 and $1,250. At the levels
$1,250 to $3,000, families of all occupational groups studied are rep
resented, while at incomes of $3,000 and above only families of the
business and professional groups are included.
With reference to the middle-sized city tabulation units, data for
“All families” and for each family type group represent only families
of wage earners at the income level $250 to $500 and only families of
wage earners and clerical workers at incomes of $500 to $1,000. At the
levels $1,000 to $2,500, families of all occupational groups studied are
included, while at incomes of $2,500 and above only the business and
professional groups are represented.
Data for “All families” and for each occupational group represent
families of types I through V. Data for “All families” are weighted
according to the frequency in the eligible sample of the occupational
groups and the family types. Data for the occupational groups are
weighted by the frequency of the family types and data for the
family types are weighted by the frequency of the various occupa
tional groups at the income levels where they are represented (see
section on sampling, appendix A). Averages are in all cases, except
as indicated in table 1-A, based on the number of families reporting
expenditures (column 3 on all tables), whether or not they reported
expenditure for the particular item.




101

102

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
CONTENTS

Page
West Central

Table

Rocky Mountain

2

2

OmahamiddleCouncil middlesized Denver sized
Bluffs cities
cities
1. B a l a n c e

of

F a m il y I n c o m e

and

E x p e n d it u r e :

Number of eligible families, number reporting
expenditures, average net money and non
money income, average money expenditure for
family living, net surplus or deficit, and bal
ancing difference, by occupation, family type,
and income, in 1 year, 1935-36__ ____________
1-A. N e t S u r p l u s o r D e f i c i t : Percentage of fam
ilies having a surplus or deficit and average
amounts reported, by occupation, family
tvpe, and income, in 1 year, 1935-36______
2. S u m m a r y o f F a m il y E x p e n d i t u r e : Average
money expenditure for specified groups of
goods and services, by occupation, family
type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-36_________
3. F o o d : Average value of all family food, money
expenditure for food at home and away from
home, average value of food home-produced or
received as gift or pay, and money expense
per meal per food expenditure unit, by occu
pation, family type, and income, in 1 year,
1935-36_____________________________________
4. H o u s i n g : Average value of housing secured with
and without direct money expenditure, by oc
cupation, family type, and income, in 1 year,
1935-36_____________________________________
4 -A. M o n e y E x p e n d i t u r e f o r F a m il y H o m e b y
O w n e r s a n d R e n t e r s , a n d F a c il it ie s I n 
c l u d e d i n R e n t f o r F a m il y H o m e : By
occupation, family type, and income, in 1
year, 1935-36____________ _ __________ __
5. H o u s e h o l d O p e r a t i o n : Average money ex
penditure for groups of items of household
operation and percentage distribution of such
expenditure, by occupation, family type, and
income, in 1 year, 1935-36______________
6. C l o t h in g : Average money expenditure for
clothing for husband and wife and other family
members and percentage distribution of such
expenditure, by occupation, family type, and
income, in 1 year, 1935-36 ______ __ __
7. P e r s o n a l C a r e : Average money expenditure
for toilet articles and preparations, and serv
ices, and percentage distribution of such ex
penditure, by occupation, family type, and
income, in 1 year, 1935-36_ _____
8. A u t o m o b il e O p e r a t io n a n d P u r c h a s e : Per
centage of families owning and purchasing
automobiles, average money expenditure for
all families for operation and purchase, by
occupation, family type, and income, in 1
year, 1935-36 ___________ _
_ __ __
9. R e c r e a t i o n : Average money expenditure for
recreation of specified types, by occupation,
family type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-36___




103

144

178

220

106

146

181

222

109

148

184

224

118

156

194

232

121

159

197

235

124

162

200

238

127

165

203

241

130

168

206

244

133

170

209

247

136

172

212

250

139

174

215

252

TABULAR SUMMARY
T

O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

of family income and expenditure: Number of eligible
families, number reporting expenditures, average net money and nonmoney
income, average expenditure for family living, net surplus or deficit, and balancing
difference, by occupation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-86

able

1.— Balance

103

[W h ite n o n r e lie f fa m ilie s in c lu d in g h u s b a n d a n d w ife , b o th n a tiv e b o rn ]
N u m b e r o f fa m 
ilie s
O c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in c o m e cla ss

(1)

R e p o r t
g ex
E lig ib le 1 in
p e n d i
tu r es
(2)

(3)

A v e r a g e n e t in c o m e

T o ta l

N on
oney
M o n e y 2 mfro
m
h o u s in g 3

(4)

(5)

(6)

A verage
m oney
e x p e n d i
tu r e for
fa m ily
liv in g <
(7)

A verage A verage
n e t su r n e t b a l
p lu s or a n c in g
d e fic it d iffer
ence®
(-)«
(8)

(9)

A ll families
$500-$749..............................................
$750-$999— :........................................
$1,00 0-$1,249......................................
$1,250-$1,499..................................$1,500-$1,749.............................— -

666
1,965
3,108
2,927
3,077

14
50
75
107
133

$678
894
1,132
1,376
1,623

$639
871
1,082
1,291
1,543

$39
23
50
85
80

$844
950
1,160
1,334
1, 503

-$ 1 8 4
-6 4
-6 6
-2 8
44

—$21
-1 5
-1 2
-1 5
-4

$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,00 0-$2,249......................................
$2,250-$2,499................................. ..
$2,50 0-$2,999___________________
$3,00 0-$3,499__________________

2, 795
2, 309
1,863
2 ,3 7 3
707

119
122
98
126
51

1,848
2 ,1 0 8
2, 374
2,7 1 6
3 ,2 1 6

1,742
1,971
2 ,2 2 3
2 ,548
3,0 4 0

106
137
151
168
176

1,673
1,834
1,975
2, 233
2, 692

71
136
258
330
363

-2
1
-1 0
— 15
-1 5

$3,50 0-$3,999___________________
$4,00 0-$4,999___________________
$5,00 0-$7,499__________________
$7,500 a n d o v e r --------- --------------

493
510
445
163

37
49
31
11

3 ,729
4 ,4 9 5
5 ,654
10, 773

3,5 4 3
4 ,2 2 9
5,371
10, 385

186
266
283
388

3 ,055
3 ,5 0 0
4, 592
7 ,660

490
746
761
2,761

—2
-1 7
18
-3 6

$500-$749...............................................
$750-$999________ ______________
$1,00 0-$1,249___________________
$1,250-$1,499......................................
$1,500-$1,749..................................-

666
1,469
2 ,0 5 4
1, 547
1,465

14
31
46
31
40

677
893
1,136
1,391
1,6 2 5

638
874
1,075
1,311
1,545

39
19
61
80
80

844
942
1,118
1,347
1,504

-1 8 4
-5 4
-3 1
-2 7
45

-2 2
-1 4
-1 2
-9
-4

$1,75 0-$1,999....................................
$2,00 0-$2,249__________________
$2,25 0-$2,499.....................................
$2,50 0-$2,999 __________________

1,057
854
554
588

25
33
18
19

1,8 4 5
2 ,102
2 ,3 5 3
2 ,6 7 2

1,744
1,959
2 ,1 8 4
2, 521

101
143
169
151

1,617
1,839
1,869
2 ,086

117
108
319
448

10
12
-4
— 13

496
1,054
952
1,020
1,143

19
29
36
36
32

898
1,129
1,362
1,620
1,845

865
1,098
1,276
1,547
1,736

33
31
86
73
109

975
1, 243
1,340
1,503
1,701

—95
-1 3 4
-3 6
40
49

-1 5
-1 1
-2 8
4
— 14

925
816
904

33
32
32

2,124
2, 388
2,714

1,989
2 ,2 3 5
2,531

135
153
183

1,788
1,999
2 ,2 0 6

206
256
342

-5
-2 0
-1 7

289
299
224
180
170

24
23
22
20
16

1, 334
1,631
1,872
2 ,0 7 9
2, 390

1,2 2 0
1 ,5 0 0
1, 752
1,9 5 0
2 ,2 1 5

114
131
120
129
175

1,253
1 ,3 9 3
1 ,6 9 8
1,9 9 0
1,861

-3 2
110
71
-2 0
332

-1
-3
-1 7
-2 0
22

320
$2, 5 0 0 -$ 2 ,999__________________
251
$ 3 ,0 0 0 -$ 3 ,499__________________
133
$3, 5 0 0 -$ 3 ,999_______ __________
204
$ 4 ,0 0 0 -$ 4 ,999_______ __________
153
$ 5 ,0 0 0 -$ 7 ,499__________________
61
$7, 500 a n d o v e r ...............................
S ee p . 142 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .
1 2 5 0 1 9 ° — 4 0 --------8

26
15
13
21
13
4

2 ,7 8 2
3 ,1 8 2
3, 716
4 ,4 8 9
5, 440
11,750

2, 539
2 ,9 8 5
3, 636
4 ,1 1 6
5,1 4 7
11,370

243
197
80
373
293
380

2 ,3 2 3
2 ,6 9 2
3 ,0 6 4
3 ,4 1 9
4 ,2 4 3
8 ,9 7 6

249
305
584
736
934
2, 282

-3 3
-1 2
-1 2
-3 9
-3 0
112

Occupational group: Wage
earner

Clerical
$750-$999______ _____ __________
$1,000-$1,249.......................................
$1,25 0-$1,499 ______ ____________
$ 1 ,5 00-S I,749__________ ______$1,75 0-$1,999_____ _____________
$2,00 0-$2,249___________________
$2,250~$2,499___________________
$2,500-$2,999___________________

Independent business and
professional
$ 1 ,2 5 0 -$ 1 ,4 9 9 __________________
$1, 5 0 0 -$ l, 749__________________
$ 1 ,7 5 0 -$ l, 999__________________
$ 2 ,000-$2, 249________ _________
$2, 2 5 0 -$ 2 ,4 9 9 _ ________________




104

WEST CENTRAL—KOOKY MOUNTAIN REGION
O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

T able 1.— Balance of family income and expenditure: Number of eligible
families, number reporting expenditures, average net money and nonmoney
income, average expenditure for family living, net surplus or deficitt and balancing
difference, by occupation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-86— Continued
N u m b e r o f fa m 
ilie s
O c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p , fa m ily
t y p e , a n d in c o m e c la ss

0)
S a laried

R e p o r t
g ex
E lig ib le in
p e n d i
tu r e s
(2)

(3)

A v e r a g e n e t in c o m e

T o ta l

(4)

N on
oney
M o n e y mfrom
h o u s in g
(5)

(6)

A verage
m oney
e x p e n d i
tu r e for
fa m ily
liv in g

A verage
n et su r
p lu s or
d e fic it
(-)

A verage
n e t b a l
a n c in g
d iffe r 
ence

(7)

(8)

(9)

business

$ 1 ,2 5 0 -$ l, 499.....................................
$ 1 ,6 0 0 -$ l, 749...................................$ 1 ,7 5 0 -$ l, 999.....................................
$ 2 ,0 0 0 -$ 2 ,249.....................................
$ 2 ,2 5 0 -$ 2 ,499..............................—

61
177
235
197
211

8
20
21
18
19

$ 1 ,36 6
1,615
1,853
2 ,1 1 4
2 ,3 5 8

$1,22 4
1,566
1,772
1 ,9 9 6
2, 280

$142
49
81
118
78

$1,29 6
1,637
1 ,739
1 ,9 8 4
2 ,2 3 2

—$48
-3 5
5
-8
58

—$24
-3 6
28
20
-1 0

$ 2 ,5 0 0 -$ 2 ,999.....................................
$ 3 ,0 0 0 -$ 3 ,499.....................................
$ 3 ,5 0 0 -$ 3 ,999.....................................
$ 4 ,00O -$4,999.....................................
$ 5 ,0 0 0 -$ 7 ,499......................................
$ 7 ,6 0 0 a n d o v e r _________ ______

381
313
231
241
268
102

23
23
13
20
13
7

2,731
3 ,2 4 5
3 ,7 4 3
4 ,4 9 3
6 ,8 1 5
10,18 8

2 ,6 1 0
3 ,0 9 4
3 ,4 9 9
4 ,3 4 8
5, 550
9 ,7 9 5

121
151
244
145
265
393

2 ,3 8 6
2 ,7 8 8
3 ,1 4 1
3, 656
4 ,8 4 9
6 ,8 7 1

228
327
342
686
652
3 ,0 5 0

-4
-2 1
16
6
49
-1 2 6

$ 1 ,2 5 0 -$ 1 ,49 9 . ..................................
$ 1 ,5 0 0 -$ l, 749.....................................
$ 1 ,7 5 0 -$ l, 999.....................................
$ 2 ,0 00-$2,249_...................................
$ 2 ,2 5 0 -$ 2 ,499........................... - - -

78
116
136
153
112

8
14
19
18
13

1 ,4 2 9
1 ,6 2 9
1,861
2 ,0 7 7
2 ,3 9 3

1 ,397
1 ,556
1 ,716
1,931
2,251

32
73
145
146
142

1 ,342
1,5 6 3
1,7 2 4
1 ,7 0 2
2 ,0 1 5

72
19
17
249
244

-1 7
-2 6
-2 5
-2 0
-8

$ 2 ,5 0 0 -$ 2 ,999.....................................
$ 3 ,0 0 0 -$ 3 ,499.....................................
$ 3 ,60O -$3,999..................................
$ 4 ,0 0 0 -$ 4 ,999................. ...................
$ 5 ,0 0 0 -$ 7 ,4 9 9 .....................................
$ 7 ,5 0 0 a n d o v e r _______________

180
143
129
65
24

26
13
11
8
5

2 ,723
3 ,2 1 2
3 ,7 1 6
4,521
5 ,2 1 9

2 ,6 0 0
3 ,0 2 0
3 ,5 2 6
4 ,1 3 9
4 ,7 9 9

123
192
190
382
420

2 ,3 6 6
2 ,4 8 3
2 ,8 9 0
3 ,1 6 9
3 ,9 3 5

240
543
653
1,005
888

-6
-6
-1 7
-3 5
-2 4

$50G-$749_.............................................
$760-$999............................................ $1,00 0-31,249......................................
$ 1 ,2 50-S I,49 9 .............................— $1,50 0-$1,749......................................

296
707
1 ,0 0 6
945
969

4
14
21
29
29

690
905
1 ,1 2 9
1 ,3 6 8
1,636

650
880
1,054
1 ,2 3 9
1,543

40
25
75
129
93

733
913
1,131
1,2 3 6
1,461

-6 5
-2 6
-7 0
22
67

-1 8
-7
-7
-1 9
15

$1,75 0-$1,999................ ......................
$2,00 0 -$ 2 ,2 4 9......................................
$ 2 ,2 6 0-$2,499----------------------------$ 2 ,5 0 0-$2,999_________ _________
$3,00 0-$3,499....................................

908
694
530
643
173

38
37
24
23
12

1 ,8 5 2
2 ,1 1 8
2 ,3 8 2
2 ,7 1 8
3 ,2 6 9

1,741
1 ,9 8 0
2 ,2 8 0
2 ,5 6 0
3 ,0 3 9

111
138
102
158
230

1,6 9 2
1,806
2,0 4 1
2 ,0 6 8
2 ,3 1 2

47
174
253
497
714

2
(*)
-1 4
-5
13

Salaried professional

Family type: Type I

$3,50 0-$3,999.......................................
3 ,7 8 6
143
11
3 ,6 5 0
136
2 ,8 7 8
4,5 4 1
$4,00 0-$4,999.......................................
14
4 ,1 1 8
150
423
3 ,2 8 6
47
1
$5,00 0-$7,499.......................................
$7,600 a n d o v e r ................................
27
2
S e e p . 142 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .
♦ Average a m o u n ts o f less th a n $1 a n d p e r c e n ta g es o f less th a n 0.1 are n o t s h o w n .
fA v e r a g e s a n d p er c e n ta g es n o t c o m p u te d for few er th a n 3 ca ses.




(t)
(t)

(t)
(t)

(t)
(t)

(t)
(t)

774
857

(t)
Ct)

-2
-2 5

(t)
(t)

105

TABULAR SUMMARY
T

.

O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

1 — Balance of family income and expenditure: Number of eligible
families, number reporting expenditures, average net money and nonmoney
income, average expenditure for family living, net surplus or deficit, and balancing
difference, by occupation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-86— Continued

able

N u m b e r o f fa m 
ilies
O c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p , fa m ily
t y p e , a n d in c o m e c la ss

(1)

R e p o r t
g ex
E lig ib le in
p e n d i
tu r e s
(2)

(3)

A v e r a g e n e t in c o m e

T o ta l

A verage
m oney
e x p e n d i
N o n  tu r e for
o n e y fa m ily
M o n e y mfro
m
liv in g
h o u s in g

(4)

(5)

(7)

(6)

A verage A verage
n e t su r  n e t b a l
p lu s or a n c in g
d iffer
d e fic it
ence
(-)
(8)

(9)

Types II and III
$600-$749...............................................
$750-$999...............................................
$1,000-$1,249.......................... ............
$1,250-$1,499.......................................
$1,500-$1,749......................................

231
928
1,323
1,1 4 6
1 ,190

7
23
31
42
57

$683
880
1,1 2 5
1,386
1,6 1 7

$680
872
1 ,1 0 9
1,327
1 ,5 6 0

$3
8
16
59
57

$959
969
1,173
1,375
1 ,5 1 9

-$ 2 5 1
-8 1
-5 4
-3 8
48

—$28
-1 6
-1 0
-1 0
-7

$1,750-$1,999.......................................
$2,000-$2,249.................................... $2,25 0-$2,499.......................................
$2,500-$2,999.......................................
$3,000-$3,499....................................

955
772
588
619
272

44
44
39
41
20

1 ,848
2 ,097
2 ,3 6 7
2 ,6 9 5
3 ,1 8 2

1,743
1,9 7 8
2 ,2 3 9
2 ,5 6 2
3 ,0 3 6

105
119
128
133
146

1 ,6 9 8
1 ,8 2 8
2 ,0 8 8
2 ,2 8 2
2 ,7 3 2

46
157
172
297
301

-1
-7
-2 1
-1 7
3

$3,500-$3,999.......................................
$4,000-$4,999..................................$5,000-$7,499.......................................
$7,500 a n d o v e r ........................... ..

150
136
143
27

14
11
10
4

3 ,7 0 5
4 ,4 1 8
5,5 5 5
14,621

3 ,4 5 0
4,261
5 ,285
14,356

255
157
270
265

2 ,8 6 3
3 ,2 4 6
4,531
7 ,8 2 1

585
1 ,042
706
6 ,3 4 6

2
-2 7
48
189

$500-$749...............................................
$750-$999.............................................$1,000-$1,249..................................$1,250-$1,499.......................................
$1,500-$1,749....................................

139
330
779
836
918

3
13
23
36
47

644
913
1 ,1 5 2
1,371
1 ,6 2 0

546
851
1,0 7 4
1,2 9 8
1 ,5 2 3

98
62
78
73
97

888
977
1,177
1 ,3 9 0
1, 526

-3 2 5
-9 9
-8 3
-7 3
17

-1 7
-2 7
-2 0
-1 9
-2 0

$1,750-$1,999....................................
$2,000-$2,249..................................$2,250-$2,499.......................................
$2,500-$2,999.......................................
$3,000-$3,499.......................................
$3,500-$3,999.......................................
$4,000-$4,999.......................................
$5,000-$7,499.......................................
$7,500 a n d o v e r ........................... ..

932
843
745
1, 111
262

37
41
35
62
19
12
24
20
5

1,846
2 ,1 1 2
2 ,3 7 5
2,7 2 7
3 ,2 1 5
3 ,706
4 ,5 1 0
5 ,6 2 0
9 ,9 0 6

1,7 4 3
1 ,9 5 9
2,171
2 ,532
3 ,0 4 5
3 ,5 3 7
4 ,2 8 3
5 ,3 6 0
9 ,4 8 9

103
153
204
195
170
169
227
260
417

1 ,6 3 0
1 ,8 6 2
1 ,8 3 9
2,3 0 1
2 ,903
3 ,3 2 3
3 ,7 9 5
4 ,6 1 6
7 ,340

120
88
330
251
195
215
494
762
2 ,1 8 4

-7
0
2
-2 0
-5 3

Types IV and V

200
224
255
109

S ee p . 142 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .




-1
-6

-1 8
-3 5

106

WEST CENTRAL—ROOKY MOUNTAIN REGION
O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

T

1-A.—Net surplus or deficit: Percentage of families having a surplus or
deficity and average amounts reported, hy occupation, family type, and income, in 1
year, 1935-36 1

able

[W h ite n o n r e lie f fa m ilie s in c lu d in g h u s b a n d a n d w ife , b o th n a tiv e b o rn ]
N u m b e r o f fa m ilie s
O c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in c o m e c la ss
E lig ib le

R e p o r t
in g e x 
p e n d i
tu r es

(2)

(3)

(1)

A verage
n e t su r
p lu s or
d e fic it
(-)
(4)

P er c e n ta g e o f fa m i A v e r a g e a m o u n t for
lie s h a v in g *—
fa m ilie s h a v in g 3—

S u r p lu s

D e fic it

S u r p lu s

D e fic it

(8)

(6)

(7)

(8)

A ll families
$500-8749................................................__
$750-8999..................... ...............................
$1,000-$1,249__............................ ............
$ 1 ,2 5 0 -$ 1 ,4 9 9 ......................................
$1,50 0-$1,749..............................................

666
1,965
3 ,1 0 8
2 ,9 2 7
3 ,0 7 7

14
50
75
107
133

-$ 1 8 4
-6 4
-6 6
-2 8
44

34
38
46
52
66

66
50
48
46
33

$29
44
96
146
177

$294
162
229
228
220

$ 1 ,7 5 0 -$ 1 ,9 9 9 ....................................... ..
$2,00 0-82,249 . _.........................................
$2,25 0-$2,499............. ...............................
$ 2 ,50 0-82,999 . _........................................
$3,000-83,499....................... .....................

2 ,7 9 5
2, 309
1,863
2,373
707

119
122
98
126
51

71
116
258
330
363

70
74
89
84
80

30
25
11
16
18

206
269
329
449
538

245
255
330
294
370

$ 3 ,5 0 0 -$ 3 ,9 9 9 ._ .........................................
$4,00 0-$4,999..............................................
$ 5 ,0 0 0 -$ 7 ,4 9 9 ............................................
$7,500 a n d o v e r ....................................

493
5 i0
445
163

37
49
31
11

490
746
761
2,761

84
85
85
88

16
12
S
12

610
932
959
3, 424

153
384
642
1 ,8 8 0

$500-$749................................. ...................
$750-8999............................................____
$1,00 0-$1,249.............................................
$1,250-$1,499________________ _____
$1,500-81,749____________ _________

666
1, 469
2 ,0 5 4
1, 547
1,465

14
31
46
31
40

-1 8 4
-5 4
-3 1
-2 7
45

34
42
57
53
64

66
45
39
47
36

29
38
92
140
187

294
156
213
214
210

$ 1 ,7 5 0 -8 1 ,9 9 9 ._____________________
$2,000-82,249........................................
$2,250-82,499.............................................
$2,50 0-82,999— ......................................

1,057
854
554
588

25
33
18
19

117
108
319
448

77
79
96
96

23
21
4
4

210
215
333
469

189
295
57
50

$750-8999.....................................................
$ 1 ,0 0 0 -8 1 ,2 4 9 .— ...................................
$ 1 ,2 5 0 -8 1 ,4 9 9 ........................ ...................
$ l,5 0 0 -$ l,7 4 9 _ .............. .....................
$1,75 0-81,999— ......................................

496
1,0 5 4
952
1 ,020
1,143

19
29
36
36
32

-9 5
-1 3 4
-3 6
40
49

27
25
48
70
68

65
66
49
30
32

70
108
162
160
213

174
244
230
238
308

$2,00 0-82,249..............................................
$2,2 5 0 -8 2 ,499__.........................................
$ 2 ,5 0 0 -8 2 ,9 9 9 ..........................................

925
816
904

33
32
32

206
256
342

76
89
82

24
11
18

317
324
478

140
291
295

$1,25 0-81,499.........................................
$1,50 0-81,749.........................................
$1,750-$1,999_................................. .........
$ 2 ,0 0 0 -8 2 ,2 4 9 ........................ ................
$ 2 ,2 5 0 -8 2 ,4 9 9 .........................................

289
299
224
180
170

24
23
22
20
16

-3 2
110
71
-2 0
332

61
70
65
62
94

27
20
31
32
6

140
205
182
272
365

433
172
153
591
159

$2,50 0-82,999..........................................
$3,00 0-83,499.........................................
83,500-83,999...........................................
$4,000-84,999_________ _____________
$5,000-$7,499_...........................................
$7,500 a n d o v e r ......................................
S e e p . 142 for n o te s o n t h is ta b le .

320
251
133
204
153
61

26
15
13
21
13
4

249
305
584
736
934
2 ,2 8 2

84
68
100
81
93
67

16
27

353
528
584
964
1 ,0 0 6
4 ,3 6 0

279
191

Occupational group : Wage
earner

Clerical

Independent business and pro
fessional




14
33

319
1 ,8 8 0

107

TABULAR SUMMARY
O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

1-A.— N e t surplus or d e fic it: Percentage of families having a surplus or
deficit, and average amounts reported, hy occupation, family type, and income, in 1

T a ble

year, 1985-36— Continued

N u m b e r o f fa m ilie s
O c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in c o m e cla ss

(1)

E lig ib le

R e p o r tin g ex 
pen ds
tu r es

(2)

(3)

A verage
n e t su rn l n o aUlt
piuh
d e fic it
(-)

P er c e n ta g e o f fa m i A v e r a g e a m o u n t for
lie s h a v in g —
fa m ilie s h a v in g —

(4)

S u r p lu s

D e fic it

S u r p lu s

D e fic it

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499.............................................
$ 1,5 0 0 -S I,749........................................... ..
$1,750-$1,999...................................... ..
$2,000-$2,249....................... ......................
$2,250-$2,499______________________

61
177
235
197
211

8
20
21
18
19

—$48
-3 5
5
-8
58

41
61
57
48
73

59
39
43
46
27

$76
146
189
184
279

$133
318
240
211
553

$2,500-$2,999..............................................
$3,000-$3,499....................... ......................
$3,500-$3,999.............................................
$4,000-$4,999.............................................
$5,000-$7,499______________________
$7,500 a n d o v e r _____ ____________

381
313
231
241
268
102

23
23
13
20
13
7

228
327
342
686
652
3 ,0 5 0

75
85
74
85
79
100

25
15
26
15
13

420
514
530
882
934
3 ,0 5 0

347
701
203
436
642

$1,250-$1,499_________ _____________
$1,500-$1,749____ __________________
$1,750-$1,999..........................................
$2,000-$2,249__________ ____________
$2,250-$2,499.............................................

78
116
136
153
112

8
14
19
18
13

72
19
17
249
244

64
49
58
88
74

36
51
42
12
20

141
211
162
329
380

50
167
184
347
193

$2,500-$2,999.....................................
$3,000-$3,499.............................................
$3,500-$3,999______________________
$4,000-$4,999...................................... .
$5,000-$7,499.................................
$7,500 a n d o v e r ___________

180
143
129
65
24

26
13
11
8
5

240
543
653
1 ,0 0 5
888

77
92
86
100
100

23

14

419
594
757
1 ,0 0 5
888

362
79
21

$500-$749___________ ______________
$750-$999.....................................................
$1,000-$1,249_______ ______________
$1,250-$1,499......................................
$1,500-$1,749.............................................

296
707
1,006
945
969

4
14
21
29
29

-6 5
-2 6
-7 0
22
67

50
49
36
54
58

50
37
49
43
40

22
40
93
156
226

152
124
212
145
162

$1,750-$1,999................................... ..
$2,000-$2,249_____ ________________
$2,250-$2,499....................................... ..
$2,500-$2,999.............................................
$3,00 0-$3,499........................................
$a)Kno-*3J999
$4,00 0-$4,999..........................................
$5,000-$7,499_____________________
$7,500 a n d e v e r . ............. ......... ............

908
694
530
643
173

38
37
24
23
12
11
14
1

47
174
253
497
714

66
73
93
93
92

34
24

196
326
321
542
772

240
269
887
116

Salaried professional

8

Family type: Type I

143
150
47
27

774
857

(+)

2

( t)

7

-2 5 1

(t)

100
77

(t)

5
7

(t)

23

(t)

774
1. 245

(t)

456
( t)

(t)

(t)

Types II and III
$500-$749.....................................................
$750-$999.....................................................
$1,000-11,249................................... ..
$1,2 50-S I,499................................... ..
$1,500-$1,749.............................................

231
928
1,323
1,146
1,1 9 0

$1,750-$1,999................................... ..
$2,000-$2,249.............................................
$2,250-$2,499.............................................
$2,500-$2,999........................................ ..
$3,000-$3,499.............................................

955
772
588
619
272

$3,500-$3,999.............................................
$4,000-$4,999___________________
$5,000-$7,499.............................................
$7,500 a n d o v e r ................................. ..

150
136
143
27

14
27
57
52
70

86

-5 4
-3 8
48

62
40
48
29

42
52
84
177
171

300
153
254
275
243

44
44

46
157
172
297
301

59
79
73
81
85

41
21
27
19
15

220
271
325
426
475

201
270
241
262
660

14

585
1,0 4 2
706
6 ,3 4 6

100
92
89

11

585
1,139
915
6,3 4 6

982

23
31
42
57

39
41
20

11
10
4

-81

See p. 142 for notes on th is table.
t Averages and percentages not com puted for fewer than 3 oases.




100

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

108

O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

T

1-A.—Net surplus or deficit: Percentage of families having a surplus or
deficitt and average amounts reported, by occupation, family type, and income, in 1
year, 1935-36— Continued

able

N u m b e r o f fa m ilie s
O c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in c o m e cla ss
E lig ib le

R e p o r t
in g e x 
p e n d i
tu r es

(2)

(3)

0)

A verage
n e t su r
p lu s or
d e fic it
(-)
(4)

P er c e n ta g e o f fa m i A v e r a g e a m o u n t for
lie s h a v in g —
fa m ilie s h a v in g —

S u r p lu s

D e fic it

S u r p lu s

D e fic it

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

Types IVand V
$500-$749.....................................................
$750-$999.....................................................
$1,000-$1,249.............................................
$1,250-$1,499.............................................
$1,500-$1,749.............................................

139
330
779
836
918

3
13
23
36
47

-$ 3 2 5
-9 9
-8 3
-7 3
17

33
47
40
49
69

67
44
60
46
31

$42
36
118
85
144

$508
267
216
248
270

$1,75 0-$1,999.............................................
$2,000-$2,249........................................ ..
$2,250-$2,499.............................................
$2,600-$2,999.............................................
$3,000-$3,499.............................................

932
843
745
1,111
262

37
41
35
62
19

120
88
330
251
195

85
71
99
80
67

14
29
1
20
33

203
216
337
398
407

381
230
143
350
237

$3,50 0-$3,999........................................ „
$ 4 ,0 0 0 ^ 4 ,9 9 9 ........................................ ..
$5,000-$7,499.............................................
$7,500 a n d o v e r ................................. ..

200
224
255
109

12
24
20
5

215
494
762
2,1 8 4

62
87
80
81

38
13
8
19

449
614
994
3,1 1 9

158
305
375
1 ,8 8 2

S e e p . 142 fo r n o te s o n th is ta b le .




T able 2. — Summary

O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

of family expenditure: Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services, by occupation, family
type, and income, in 1 year, 1985-36 1

[W h ite n o n relief fa m ilie s in c lu d in g h u s b a n d a n d w ife , b o th n a tiv e born ]
N u m b er of
fa m ilie s

A ver
age
O c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p ,
num 
fa m ily ty p e , a n d
b er of
R
e
p
o
r
t
in co m e class
g ex  p erson s
E lig ib le in
p e n d i fapmerily
tu r es
(2)

(3)

(4)

T o ta l

Food

H o u s
in g 2

F u e l,
lig h t,
and
ref ige ra tio n

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

F u rn ish O th er

in g s C lo th  Amu oto  tr a n s soP er
nal
in g
p
o rta  care
and
b
i
l
e
2
tio n
O ther emq eunipt 
(9)

(10)

(I D

(12)

(13)

(14)

M e d  R e c  T o  R e a d  Fmoarl
ic a l
rea 

care t i o n 4 b a cco in g edtiou ca
n

(15)

(16)

(17)

(18)

(19)

C on
tr ib u 
tio n s O th er
and
p er ite m s
sonal
ta x e s 5
(20)

(21)

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e in d o lla rs

All families
$500-$749............................
$750-$999............................
$1,000-$1,249....................
$1,250-$1,499_________
$1,500-$1,749 ...............

666
1,965
3,1 0 8
2 ,9 2 7
3,0 7 7

14
50
75
107
133

2 .9
3 .0
3 .2
3 .2
3 .2

844
950
1,160
1,334
1,503

299
339
395
444
470

159
189
200
201
246

89
86
118
131
134

27
34
43
53
66

9
17
41
46
65

35
70
98
118
142

25
47
62
92
91

10
21
23
28
28

18
26
27
32
36

80
46
57
65
64

9
14
22
35
43

20
24
27
27
34

11
11
13
15
16

2
2
3
4
6

11
16
27
39
54

40
8
4
4
8

$1,750-$1,999....................
$2,000-$2,249....................
$2,250-12,499....................
$2,500-$2,999....................
$3,000-$3,499....................

2 ,795
2,3 0 9
1,863
2 ,373
707

119
122
98
126
51

3 .3
3 .4
3 .3
3 .5
3 .5

1,673
1,834
1,975
2,233
2,692

516
545
561
623
667

251
253
273
284
353

138
141
154
162
183

86
84
98
117
178

60
76
72
86
93

170
190
208
269
322

131
184
174
211
262

32
30
33
33
36

41
44
51
52
70

89
92
118
110
135

47
60
65
75
106

34
31
36
39
54

17
19
21
22
33

5
8
8
19
41

49
66
94
120
143

7
11
9
11
16

$3,500-$3,999_..................
$4,000-$4,999__................
$5,000-$7,499__................
$7,500 a n d o v e r ______

493
510
445
163

37
49
31
11

3 .3
3 .5
4 .0
3 .2

3,055
3,500
4,5 9 2
7,660

701
836
1,022
1,431

375
458
450
609

203
213
232
322

221
252
362
612

92
115
119
391

354
396
630
968

294
359
630
1,034

47
40
48
63

64
78
121
139

171
233
222
267

131
136
256
408

49
54
57
59

27
34
38
61

33
69
71
88

276
214
324
1,090

17
13
10
118

TABULAR SUMMARY

0)

H o u se h o ld
o p er a tio n

S ee p . 142 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .




S

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA

T able

2.

— Sum m ary of fam ily expenditure: Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services, by occupation, family
type, and income, in 1 year, 1985-36— Continued
Number of
families

0)

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Household
operation

Fur
nish
Other
Hous
ings Cloth Auto
trans
Food ing Fuel,
and ing mo
porta
light,
bile
tion
and Other equip
ment
refrig
eration
(8)
(6)
GO) (ID (12) (13)
(7)
(9)

Per Med Rec To Read For
mal
sonal ical reation
bacco ing educa
care care
tion
(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

1.1
1.5
1.9
2.6
2.9
2.8
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.9
4.3
3.9
5.6
5.3

2.4
2.5
2.3
2.0
2.3
2.0
1.7
1.8
1.7
2.0
1.6
1.5
1.2
.8

9
13
22
41
44

20
21
29
26
35

Con
tribu
tions Other
and
per items
sonal
taxes

(19)

(20)

1.3
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.0
1.2
.9
1.0
.8
.8

0.2
.2
.3
.3
.4
.3
.4
.4
.8
1.5
1.1
2.0
1.5
1.1

1.3
1.7
2.3
2.9
3.6
2.9
3.6
4.8
5.4
5.3
9.0
6.1
7.1
14.3

4.7
.8
.3
.3
.5
.4
.6
.4
.5
.6
.6
.4
.2
L5

11
11
12
14
16

2
2
4
4
5

11
18
28
49
52

40
10
4
5
6

08)

(21)

Percentage of total money expenditures
$500-$749.....................
$75Q-$999...............
$1,000-$1,249_______
$1,250-$1,499...............
$lt500-$l,749_.............
$1,750-$1,999_______
$2,000-$2,249_______
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999__............
$3,000-$3,499_..............
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000-$7,499_______
$7,500 and over..........
Occupational group:
Wage earner
$500-$749......................
$750-$999.....................
$1,000-$1,249.........
$1,250-$1,499.............
$1,500-$1,749...............




666
1,965
3,108
2,927
3,077
2,795
2,309
1,863
2,373
707
493
510
445
163

14
50
75
107
133
119
122
98
126
51
37
49
31
11

2.9
3.0
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.5
3.5
3.3
3.5
4.0
3.2

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

35.5
35.7
34.1
33.3
31.3
30.9
29.8
28.4
27.9
24.9
23.0
23.9
22.3
18.7

18.8
19.9
17.3
15.1
16.4
15.0
13.8
13.8
12.7
13.1
12.3
13.1
9.8
8.0

10.5
9.1
10.2
9.8
8.9
8.3
7.7
7.8
7.3
6.8
6.6
6.1
5.1
4.2

3.2
3.6
3.7
4.0
4.4
5.1
4.6
5.0
5.2
6.6
7.2
7.2
7.9
8.0

1.1
1.8
3.5
3.5
4.3
3.6
4.1
3.6
3.9
3.5
3.0
3.3
2.6
5.1

4.1
7.4
8.4
8.8
9.4
10.2
10.4
10.5
12.1
12.0
11.6
11.3
13.8
12.6

3.0
4.9
5.4
6,9
6.0
7.8
10.0
8.8
9.4
9.7
9.6
10.2
13.7
13.5

1.2
2.2
2.0
2.1
1.9
1.9
1.6
1.7
1.5
1.3
L5
LI
1.0
.8

2.1
2.7
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.4
2.6
2.3
2.6
2.1
2.2
2.6
1.8

9.5
4.8
4.9
4.9
4.2
5.3
5.0
6.0
4.9
5.0
5.6
6.7
4.8
3.5

Average* money expenditure in dollars
666
1,469
2,054
1,547
1,465

14
31
46
31
40

2.9
3.0
3.2
3.3
3.3

844
942
1,118
1,347
1,504

299
346
383
471
503

159
187
180
178
222

89
82
117
139
130

27
33
43
50
61

9
11
29
52
47

35
68
98
116
150

25
52
68
79
90

10
21
24
35
32

18
27
28
32
37

80
40
49
56
74

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family

O

$1,750-$1,999............... 1,057
854
$2,000-12,249...............
554
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-12,999..............
588

3.2
3.4
3.3
3.7

1,617
1,839
1,869
2,086

528
566
567
622

215
225
238
233

130
135
164
170

65
73
88
100

178
183
175
236

141
207
128
196

28
30
39
44

35
42
52
53

76
119
102
91

40
49
55
53

28
35
44
35

15
19
22
19

2
8
5
27

42
72
92
104

7
3
13
9

1.1
1.4
2.0
3.0
2.9
2.5
2.7
2.9
2.8

2.4
2.2
2.6
1.9
2.3
1.7
1.9
2.4
1.7

1.3
1.2
1.1
1.0
1.1
.9
1.0
1.2
.9

0.2
.2
.4
.3
.3
.1
.4
.3
1.3

1.3
1.9
2.5
3.6
3.5
2.6
3.9
4.9
5.0

4.7
1.1
.4
.4
.4
.4
.2
.7
.4

17
23
30
39
54
74
65
78

32
22
30
39
42
28
29
35

11
14
15
16
19
19
20
24

(*)

2
3
6
4
4
7
12

14
26
29
63
48
56
77
141

2
5
4
9
2
19
6
10

1.7
1.8
2.2
2.6
3.2
4.1
3.2
3.5

3.3
1.8
2.2
2.6
2.5
1.6
1.4
1.6

1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.1

(*)
0.2
.2
.4
.3
.2
.4
.5

1.4
2.1
2.2
4.1
2.8
3.1
3.8
6.4

0.2
.4
.3
.6
.1
1.1
.3
.5

Percentage of total money expend tures
666
1,469
2,054
1,547
1,465
1,057
854
554
588

Clerical
$750-$999.....................
496
$1,000-$1,249............... 1,054
$1,250-$1,499...............
952
$1,500-$1,749............... 1,020
$1,750-$1,999............... 1,143
$2,000-$2,249...............
925
$2,250-$2,499_..............
816
$2,500-$2,999...............
904
Clerical
$750-$999...... ..............
496
$1,000-$1,249_.............. 1,054
$1,250-$1,499............. .
952
$1,500-$1,749............... 1,020
$1,750-$1,999............... 1,143
$2,000-$2,249...............
925
$2,250-$2,499...............
816
$2,500-$2,999...............
904

14
31
46
31
40
25
33
18
19

2.9
3.0
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.4
3.3
3.7

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

35.5
36.7
34.2
35.0
33.4
32.7
30.8
30.3
29.8

18.8
19.9
16.1
13.2
14.8
13.3
12.2
12.7
11.2

10.5
8.7
10.5
10.3
8.6
8.0
7.3
8.8
8.1

3.2
3.5
3.8
3.7
4.1
5.4
4.0
4.5
4.3

1.1
1.2
2.6
3.9
3.1
4.0
4.0
4.7
4.8

4,1
7.2
8.8
8.6
10.0
11.0
10.0
9.4
11.3

3.0
5.5
6.0
5.9
6.0
8.8
11.2
6.8
9.4

1.2
2.2
2.1
2.6
2.1
1.7
1.6
2.1
2.1

2.1
2.9
2.5
2.4
2.5
2.2
2.3
2.8
2.5

9.5
4.2
4.4
4.2
4.9
4.7
6.5
5.5
4.4

Average money expenditure in dollars
19
29
36
36
32
33
32
32

3.0
3.4
3.1
3.0
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.5

975
1,243
1,340
1,503
1,701
1,788
1,999
2,206

321
419
410
440
516
523
581
627

196
240
225
262
279
267
263
276

96
121
123
141
141
146
150
164

38
42
54
58
81
90
102
123

34
62
38
101
58
76
67
74

74
98
126
132
160
198
222
263

30
51
112
84
118
146
182
184

23
21
23
27
36
34
33
28

25
26
32
35
45
43
55
50

62
71
86
51
98
65
135
117

Percentage of total money expenditures
19
29
36
36
32
33
32
32

3.0
3.4
3.1
3.0
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.5

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

32.9
33.7
30.6
29.3
30.3
29.3
29.1
28.4

20.1
19.3
16.9
17.4
16.4
14.9
13.4
12.5

9.9
9.7
9.2
9.4
8.3
8.2
7.5
7.4

See p. 142 for notes on thi;s table.
♦ Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




87
73
85
89

TABULAR SUMMARY

Wage earner
$500-$749.....................
$750-$999.....................
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999...............

25
33
18
19

3.9
3.4
4.0
3.9
4.8
5.0
5.1
5.6

3.5
5.0
2.8
6.7
3.4
4.3
3.4
3.4

7.6
7.9
9.5
8.8
9.4
11.1
11.1
11.9

3.0
4.1
8.3
5.6
7.0
8.1
9.1
8.3

2.4
1.7
1.7
1.8
2.1
1.9
1.6
1.3

2.6
2.1
2.4
2.3
2.6
2.4
2.8
2.3

6.4
5.7
6.4
3.4
5.7
3.6
6.8
5.3

J—1

O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

T able

M

2 .— Sum m ary of fam ily expenditure: Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services, by occupation, family
type, and income, in 1 year, 1985-36— Continued
N u m b er of
fa m ilie s

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

H o u se h o ld
o p era tio n

T o ta l

Food

(5)

(6)

F urn ish O th er

in g s C lo th  Amu oto  tr a n s  soP er
H o u s  F u e l,
a
n
d
in g
in
g
p
o rta  canrea l
lig h t,
b
ile
tio n
a n d O th er emq eunipt 
refrig
e ra tio n
(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

Independent business
and professional
$1,9.50-$ 1,400
$1,<m-$1,74Q
$1,75P-$1,QQ0
$9,n0ft-$9,940
$9,95049,400
$9,5004^000
$3,flflft-$3,4Q9 _ .
$3,500-$3,999 ................
$4,00044,000
$5,000-47,400
$7,500 a n d o v e r ______

$3,500-$3,999....................
$4 00044,000

$5,00047,499 ______

$7,500 ftTid nvpr




(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

(18)

(19)

C on
tr ib u 
tio n s O th er
and
p er ite m s
so n a l
ta x es
(20)

(21)

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e in d o lla rs
289
299
224
180
170

24
23
22
20
16

3 .3
2 .9
3 .2
3 .0
3 .4

1,253
1,393
1,698
1,990
1,861

432
411
496
594
521

187
235
272
279
202

142
140
169
153
140

60
90
112
103
95

52
37
33
76
52

94
130
154
216
211

103
111
115
192
231

15
17
30
25
20

28
37
43
54
42

52
38
86
90
106

20
35
46
56
79

17
18
28
30
38

16
18
17
21
18

4
9
14
6
15

29
48
79
72
83

2
19
4
20
8

320
251
133
204
153
61

26
15
13
21
13
4

3 .7
3 .6
3 .4
3 .4
4 .7
3 .2

2,323
2 ,6 9 2
3 ,064
3 ,419
4 ,243
8 ,9 7 6

676
662
746
861
1,062
1,740

253
348
473
387
463
693

166
174
229
244
240
328

141
166
201
279
345
737

64
67
90
98
133
427

314
288
361
363
421
1,331

266
328
276
437
448
1,230

23
20
36
29
67
33

55
68
64
83
82
189

87
160
90
204
243
256

86
94
148
102
260
557

48
55
45
39
52
86

26
22
24
24
37
74

16
60
38
81
114
110

86
175
217
182
265
1, 093

16
5
26
6
11
39

Independent business
and professional
$ 1 , 95041,400
$ 1 ,50041,740
$1,750-$1,000
$9 000—$9,940
$9 950-$9,4Q0
$9,50049,000
$9,000-$9,40Q

(ID

M e d  R e c  T o  R e a d  Fmoarl
ic a l
d u ca
care re a tio n b a cco in g e tio
n

P e r c e n ta g e o f to ta l m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e s
289
299
224
180
170

24
23
22
20
16

3 .3
2 .9
3 .2
3 .0
3 .4

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

3 4 .5
2 9 .5
2 9 .2
2 9 .9
28 .0

14.9
16.9
16.0
14 .0
10.9

11.3
10.1
10.0
7 .8
7 .5

4 .8
6 .5
6 .6
5 .2
5 .1

4 .2
2 .7
1 .9
3 .8
2 .8

7 .5
9 .3
9 .1
10.9
1 1 .3

8 .2
7 .9
6 .8
9 .6
1 2 .4

1 .2
1 .2
1 .8
1 .3
1 .1

2 .2
2 .7
2 .5
2 .7
2 .3

4 .2
2 .7
5 .1
4 .5
5 .7

1 .6
2 .5
2 .7
2 .8
4 .2

1 .3
1 .3
1 .6
1 .5
2 .0

1 .3
1 .3
1 .0
1 .1
1 .0

0 .3
.6
.8
.3
.8

2 .3
3 .4
4 .7
3 .6
4 .5

0 .2
1 .4
.2
1 .0
.4

320
251
133
204
153
61

26
15
13
21
13
4

3 .7
3 .6
3 .4
3 .4
4 .7
3 .2

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

29.1
2 4.7
24 .4
2 5 .2
25.1
19.4

10.9
12 .9
1 5.4
11 .3
10.9
7 .8

7 .1
6 .5
7 .5
7 .1
5 .7
3 .6

6 .1
6 .2
6 .6
8 .2
8 .1
8 .2

2 .8
2 .5
2 .9
2 .9
3 .1
4 .8

1 3 .5
1 0.7
1 1 .8
1 0.6
9 .9
1 4 .8

1 1 .4
1 2 .2
9 .0
1 2 .8
1 0 .6
1 4 .3

1 .0
.7
1 .2
.8
1 .6
.4

2 .4
2 .5
2 .1
2 .4
1 .9
2 .1

3 .7
5 .9
2 .9
6 .0
5 .7
2 .8

3 .7
3 .5
4 .8
3 .0
6 .1
6 .2

2 .1
2 .0
1 .5
1 .1
1 .2
1 .0

1 .1
.8
.8
.7
.9
.8

.7
2 .2
1 .2
2 .4
2 .7
1 .2

3 .7
6 .5
7 .1
5 .3
6 .2
12 .2

.7
.2
.8
.2
.3
.4

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

A ver
ag e
num 
O c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p ,
b
er o f
fa m ily ty p e , a n d
R e p o r t p erso
ns
in co m e cla ss
g ex 
p
E lig ib le in
p e n d i fa merily
tu r es

to

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e in d o lla rs

Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499....................
$ lj5 0 0 -$ l,7 4 9 ...................
$1,750-$1,999...................
$2,00 0-$2,249...................
$2,25 0-$2,499...................

61
177
235
197
211

8
20
21
18
19

2 .7
3 .4
3 .2
3 .5
3 .0

1,296
i;6 3 7
1,739
1,984
2,232

377
462
506
577
515

289
317
253
253
394

98
137
140
155
145

67
80
86
92
104

37
60
60
96
94

136
156
206
171
242

69
117
131
243
227

34
28
23
20
33

41
38
44
45
51

53
77
93
130
120

23
64
46
60
83

32
35
38
38
46

16
16
20
19
25

9
2
14
8

24
36
56
65
137

(*)
5
35
6
8

$2,50 0-$2,999...................
$3,000-13,499...................
$3,50 0-$3,999...................
$4,000-$4,999...................
$5,00 0-$7,499_________
$7,500 a n d o v e r ______

381
313
231
241
268
102

23
23
13
20
13
7

3 .2
3 .5
3 .0
3 .5
3 .5
3 .2

2,386
2, 788
3,141
3 656
4,849
6,871

613
698
669
810
1,001
1,245

369
342
333
533
453
558

144
199
196
187
229
318

111
189
227
234
376
537

114
120
111
144
111
370

287
370
366
441
755
750

243
240
342
285
746
886

34
44
64
57
38
81

50
72
64
77
146
109

134
132
217
295
214
274

83
117
107
164
264
318

47
61
52
72
59
43

18
43
29
40
38
54

28
18
25
55
45
76

107
121
324
240
365
1,088

4
22
15
22
9
164

P e r c e n ta g e o f to ta l m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e s

$1,25 0-$1,499_________
$1,50 0-$1,749.............. ..
$1,75 0-$1,999...................
$2,00 0-$2,249.............. ..
$2,25 0-$2,499_________

61
177
235
197
211

8
20
21
18
19

2 .7
3 .4
3 .2
3 .5
3 .0

109.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

29 .1
2 8 .3
29.1
2 9 .1
23.1

22.3
19.4
14.6
12.8
17.6

7 .6
8 .4
8.1
7 .8
6 .5

5 .2
4 .9
4 .9
4 .6
4 .6

2 .8
3 .7
3 .5
4 .8
4 .2

1 0 .5
9 .5
1 1 .9
8 .6
1 0 .8

5 .3
7 .1
7 .5
12.3
1 0.2

2 .6
1 .7
1 .3
1 .0
1 .5

3 .2
2 .3
2 .5
2 .3
2 .3

4 .1
4 .7
5 .3
6 .6
5 .4

1 .8
3 .9
2 .6
3 .0
3 .7

2 .5
2 .1
2 .2
1 .9
2 .1

1 .2
1 .0
1 .2
.9
1 .1

0 .5
.1
.7
.4

1 .8
2 .2
3 .2
3 .3
6 .1

(*)
0 .3
2 .0
.3
.4

$ 2,50 0-$2,999.............. ..
$3,000-$3,499...................
$3,50 0-$3,999_________
$4,00 0-$4,999...................
$5,00 0-$7,499...................
$7,500 a n d o v e r .............

381
313
231
241
268
102

23
23
13
20
13
7

3 .2
3 .5
3 .0
3 .5
3 .5
3 .2

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

2 5 .7
25 .1
2 1 .4
22 .1
2 0 .7
1 8 .2

15.5
12.3
10.6
14.6
9 .3
8 .1

6 .0
7 .1
6 .3
5 .1
4 .7
4 .6

4 .6
6 .8
7 .2
6 .4
7 .8
7 .8

4 .7
4 .3
3 .5
3 .9
2 .3
5 .4

1 2 .0
1 3 .3
1 1 .6
12.1
1 5 .6
10.9

1 0 .2
8 .6
10 .9
7 .8
1 5 .4
12 .9

1 .4
1 .6
2 .0
1 .5
.8
1 .2

2 .1
2 .6
2 .0
2 .1
3 .0
1 .6

5 .6
4 .7
6 .9
8 .1
4 .4
4 .0

3 .5
4 .2
3 .4
4 .5
5 .4
4 .6

2 .0
2 .2
1 .7
2 .0
1 .2
.6

.8
1 .5
.9
1 .1
.8
.8

1 .2
.6
.8
1 .5
.9
1 .1

4 .5
4 .3
1 0 .3
6 .6
7 .5
15 .8

.2
.8
.5
.6
.2
2 .4

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e in d o lla rs

Salaried professional
$1,250-$1,499....................
$1,500-$1,749....................
$1,750-$1,999....................
$2,000-$2,249....................
$2,250-$2,499__________

78
116
136
153
112

8
14
19
18
13

2 .7
3 .1
3 .4
3 .2
3 .1

1,342
1,563
1,724
1,702
2,015

433
470
489
469
531

354
322
253
292
357

91
126
135
115
172

59
93
85
73
129

13
43
78
63
27

129
145
158
166
201

46
83
166
214
150

18
31
41
19
25

40
33
44
43
36

43
83
98
61
95

38
49
31
35
53

29
17
24
20
23

19
17
18
18
19

4
4
35
24
22

24
45
53
88
15S

2
2
16
2
17

$2,500-$2,999....................
$3,000-$3,499 ................
$3,500-$3,999....................
$4,000-$4,999....................
$5,000-$7,499
$7,500 a n d o v e r

180
143
129
65
24

26
13
11
8
5

3 .3
3 .4
3 .4
3 .8
4 .6

2,366
2,483
2,890
3,169
3,935

530
609
712
853
1,009

374
387
348
398
340

159
167
188
213
221

152
175
230
237
306

76
77
59
64
127

286
280
324
334
565

225
193
228
392
493

32
44
28
14
37

52
66
64
61
91

132
99
174
92
187

88
104
156
136
137

42
36
49
32
58

30
30
25
39
36

13
59
43
86
81

150
134
252
217
243

25
23
10
1
4

•A v e r a g e a m o u n ts o f le s s th a n $1 a n d p e rcen ta g es o f less th a n 0.1 are n o t sh o w n .
S e e p . 142 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .




TABULAR SUMMARY

Salaried business

OO

T

able

Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services, by occupation, family
type, and income, in 1 year, 193 5-36 — Continued

2 . — S u m m ary of fam ily expenditure:

A ver
age
num 
O c c u p a tio n a l grou p ,
fa m ily ty p e , a n d
b
er o f
R e p o r t p erso
ns
in c o m e cla ss
g ex 
E lig ib le in
p
p e n d i fa merily
tu r es
0)

(2)

(3)

(4)

H o u se h o ld
o p era tio n
T o ta l

Food

H ou s
in g

(5)

(6)

(7)

F u e l,
lig h t,
and
refrig
era tio n
(8)

F ur
n ish 
O th er P er 
in g s C lo th  A u to  tra
n s so n a l
and
m o  p o rta
in
g
 care
b ile
e q u ip 
tio
n
O th er m e n t
(9)

(10)

(ID

(12)

(13)

(14)

F o r
M ed  R ec T o  R ead m al
ic a l r e a tio n b a cco in g e d u c a 
care
tio n

(15)

(16)

(17)

(13)

C on
tr ib u 
tio n s O th er
and
p er ite m s
so n a l
ta x es
(20)

(19)

(21)

P er c e n ta g e o f to ta l m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e s

Salaried professional
$1,250-$1,499_________
$1,500-$1,749....................
$1,750-$1,999__.............
$2f000-$2,249.................
$2,250-$2,499....................

78
116
136
153
112

8
14
19
18
13

2 .7
3 .1
3 .4
3 .2
3 .1

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

32 .3
3 0 .1
2 8 .4
2 7 .6
2 6 .5

26 .4
2 0 .6
14.7
17.2
17.8

6 .8
8 .1
7 .8
6 .8
8 .5

4 .4
5 .9
4 .9
4 .3
6 .4

1 .0
2 .8
4 .5
3 .7
1 .3

9 .6
9 .3
9 .2
9 .8
10.1

3 .4
5 .3
9 .6
1 2 .5
7 .4

1 .3
2 .0
2 .4
1 .1
1 .2

3 .0
2 .1
2 .6
2 .5
1 .8

3 .2
5 .3
5 .7
3 .6
4 .7

2 .8
3 .1
1 .8
2 .0
2 .6

2 .2
1 .1
1 .4
1 .2
l.l

1 .4
1 .1
1 .0
1 .0
.9

0 .3
.2
2 .0
1 .4
1 .1

1 .8
2 .9
3 .1
5 .2
7 .8

0 .1
.1
.9
.1
.8

$2,500-$2,999.................
$3,000-$3,499_.................
$3,500-$3,999....................
$4 ,0 0 0 -$ 4 ,9 9 9 „ ................
$5,000-$7,499_________
$7,500 a n d o v e r ______ .

180
143
129
65
24

26
13
11
8
5

3 .3
3 .4
3 .4
3 .8
4 .6

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

2 2 .4
2 4 .5
2 4 .6
2 6 .9
2 5 .6

15.8
15.6
12.1
12.6
8 .6

6 .7
6 .7
6 .5
6 .7
5 .6

6 .4
7 .1
8 .0
7 .5
7 .8

3 .2
3 .1
2 .0
2 .0
3 .2

12.1
1 1.3
1 1 .2
10.5
1 4.4

9 .5
7 .8
7 .9
12 .5
1 2 .5

1 .4
1 .8
1 .0
.4
.9

2 .2
2 .6
2 .2
1 .9
2 .3

5 .6
4 .0
6 .0
2 .9
4 .8

3 .7
4 .2
5 .4
4 .3
3 .5

1 .8
1 .4
1 .7
1 .0
1 .5

1 .3
1 .2
.9
1 .2
.9

.5
2 .4
1 .5
2 .7
2 .1

6 .3
5 .4
8 .7
6 .9
6 .2

1 .1
.9
.3
(*)
.1

8
17
27
39
88

1
9
5
3
8

56
85
142
149
209

11
10
7
9
26

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e in d o lla rs

Family type: Type I
$500-$749............................
$750-$999_.........................
$1,000-$1,249
$1,250-$! ,4 9 9 .._______
$1,500-$1,749.................

296
707
1 ,0 0 6
945
969

4
14
21
29
29

2 .0
2 .0
2 .0
2 .0
2 .0

733
913
1,131
1.236
1,461

272
317
346
405
418

193
223
236
192
251

74
68
109
120
120

32
30
40
53
60

4
23
40
47
87

12
59
106
97
130

19
18
78
92
127

4
19
14
20
26

18
28
27
29
30

67
50
42
59
30

1
13
20
37
39

18
26
28
29
33

10
13
13
14
16

$1,750-$1,999__________
$2,000-$2,249....................
$2,250-$2,499__................
$2,500-$2,999....................
$3,000-$3,499....................

908
694
530
643
173

38
37
24
23
12

2 .0
2 .0
2 .0
2 .0
2 .0

1,692
1,806
2 ,041
2 ,0 6 8
2 ,3 1 2

488
456
480
527
559

251
282
313
301
308

115
120
131
147
182

98
95
116
121
146

106
104
138
71
50

148
168
200
213
302

151
212
186
234
169

26
30
34
28
50

38
40
50
45
63

89
96
112
101
91

60
50
72
70
78

35
36
37
30
48

20
19
23
21
31




(*)
(*)

3
1

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

N u m b er of
fa m ilie s

114

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA

$3,500-$3,999....................
$4,000-$4,999....................
$5,000-$7;499....................
^7,500 a n d o v e r .............

143
150
47
27

11
14
1
2

2 .0
2 .0
(t)
(t)

2,878
3j 286
(t)
(t)

552
676
(t)
(t)

409
313
(t)
(t)

203
235
(t)
(t)

224
305
(t)
(t)

66
119
(t)
(t)

344
384
(t)

(t)

243
227
(t)
(t)

32
48
(t)
(t)

54
81
(t)
(t)

142
385
(t)
(t)

138
148

47
41
(t)
(t)

26
33
(t)
(t)

(t)
(t)

369
277
(t)
(t)

(*)

1 .1
1 .9
2 .4
3. 2
5 .9

0 .1
1 .0
.4
.2
.5

3 .3
4 .7
7 .0
7 .2
9 .0

.7
.6
.3
.4
1 .1

(t)
(t)

29
13

P er c e n ta g e o f to ta l m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e s

Type I
296
707
1,006
'9 4 5
969

4
14
21
29
29

2 .0
2 .0
2 .0
2 .0
2 .0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

3 7 .2
3 4.7
3 0 .7
3 2 .8
2 8 .6

28.3
24.4
20.9
15.5
17.2

10.1
7 .4
9 .6
9 .7
8 .2

4 .4
3 .3
3 .5
4. 3
4 .1

0 .5
2 .5
3. 5
3. 8
6 .0

1 .6
6 .5
9. 4
7 .9
8 .9

2 .6
2 .0
6. 9
7 .5
8 .7

0 .5
2 .1
1 .2
1. 6
1 .8

2 .5
3 .1
2. 4
2 .3
2 .0

9 .1
5 .5
3. 7
4 .8
2 .0

0 .1
1 .4
1 .8
3. 0
2 .7

2 .5
2 .8
2. 5
2. 3
2 .3

1 .4
1 .4
1.1
1 .1
1.1

$1,750-$1,999
$2,000-$2,249._................
$2,250-$2,499....................
$2,500-$2,999_.............__
$3,000-$3,499_..................

908
694
530
643
173

38
37
24
23
12

2 .0
2 .0
2 .0
2 .0
2 .0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

28 .9
2 5 .2
2 3 .5
2 5 .5
2 4 .2

14.8
15.6
15.3
14.6
13.3

6 .8
6 .6
6 .4
7 .1
7 .9

5 .8
5 .3
5 .7
5 .9
6 .4

6. 3
5 .8
6 .8
3 .4
2 .2

8 .7
9 .3
9 .8
10 .3
1 3 .0

8 .9
1 1 .7
9 .1
11 .3
7 .3

1. 5
1 .7
1 .7
1 .4
2. 2

2. 2
2 .2
2 .4
2 .2
2. 7

5 .3
5 .3
5 .5
4 .9
3 .9

3 .5
2 .8
3 .6
3 .4
3 .4

2 .1
2 .0
1 .8
1 .4
2 .1

1 .2
1 .0
1.1
1 .0
1. 3

$3,500-$3,999__________
$4,000-$4,999....................
$5,000-$7,499__________
$7,500 a n d o v e r ______

143
150
47
27

11
14
1
2

2 .0
2 .0

100.0
100.0
(t)

19 .2
2 0 .6
(t)

14.2
9 .5

7 .0
7 .2
(t)

7 .8
9 .3
(t)

2 .3
3 .6
(t)

1 2 .0
1 1 .7
(t)

8 .5
6 .9
(t)

1 .1
1 .5
(t)

1 .9
2 .5
(t)

4 .9
11.7
(t)

4 .8
4 .5
(t)

1 .6
1 .2
(t)

(t)
(t)

(t)

(t)

(t)
(t)

(t)

(t)

(t)

(t)

(t)

(t)

(t)

(t)

(t)

(t)

0 .2

(*)
(*)

.9
1 .0 . . . . . . .

(t)
(t)

1 2.8
8 .4
(t)
(t)

(t)

1 .0
.4

(t)

(t)

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e in d o llars

Types II and III
$500-$749............................
$750-$999............................
$1,000-$1,249.___...........
$1,250-$1,499__................
$1,5 0 0 -$ l,749__________

231
928
1 ,3 2 3
1,146
1,190

$1.750-$1,999....................
$2,000-$2,249_..................
$2,250-$2,499__............. ..
$2,500-$2,999...............__
$3,000-$3,499_..................

955
772
588
619
272

$3,500-$3,999__________
$4f000-$4,999
$5,000-$7,499
$7,500 a n d o v e r ______

150
136
143
27

7

7

23
31
42
57

3 .6
3 .5
3 .5
3 .4
3 .4

959
969
1,173
1,375
1,519

339
344
416
423
474

142
175
199
215
232

119
132
134

33
41

54
72

13
56
57
65

72
79
87
130
151

37
63
62
103

88

17
25
18
32
25

23
27
27
31
38

121
43
52
59
92

44
44

3 .5
3 6

285
264
308
318
378

150
146
153
16)2
182

89
82
106
127
219

45
66
64
104
135

170
185
205
284
307

140
222
241
233
299

25
22
23
29
20

41
52
52
59

100

3 .6
3 .7

496
541
567
572
671

44

3.3

1,698
1,828
2,088
2 ,282
2,732

69
150
121
151

72
71
90
103

3 .5
3 .6
3 .5
3 .5

2,863
3,246
4,531
7,821

787
729
1,054
1, 771

328
610
478
728

197
200
213
273

231
239
331
475

115
154
163
135

332
337
606
713

156
325
658
1 ,656

46
18
38
65

66
65
111

109
128
188
227

132
112
245
319

39
41
20
14

11
4

10

1.02

94

•Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.
tAverages and percentages not computed for fewer than 3 cases.
See p. 142 for notes on this table.

20

190

13
15

2.4
40
44
44

23
24
31
22
36

12
9
13
15
16

33

42
35

16
20
23
21
42

66

30
42
41

38
56
54

52
53

Ox

35

6
1

16
16
21
45
41

4

5
lO-

ll

45
55
78
113
95

15
41
26
84

258
171
319
1,078

4
6
4
7

4
8

3
6
7

TABULAR SUMMARY

$500-$749_..........................
$750-$999___.....................
$1,000-$1,249
$1,250-$L 499__................
$1,500-$1,749__________




(t)
(t)

3

1
9

8
4
7
9
8
19
^
^

O M A H A , N E B R -C O U N C I L B L U F F S , IO W A

T a b l e 2 , — S u m m ary

of fam ily expenditure: Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services, by occupation, family
typet and income, in 1 year, 1935-36— Continued

Number of
families

(1)

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)

Types II and III
231
$500-$749.....................
928
$750-$999.....................
$1,000-$1,249............... 1,323
$1,250-$1,499............... 1,146
$1,500-$1,749............... 1,190
955
$1,750-$1,999...............
772
$2,000-$2.249_..............
588
$2,250-$2,499_..............
619
$2,50O-$2,999...............
272
$3,000-$3,499_______
150
$3,500-$3,999...............
136
$4,000-$4,999........... ...
143
$5,000-$7,499...............
27
$7,500 and over.........
Types IV and V
$500-$749.....................
$750-$999_...................
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499_______
$1,500-$1,749...............




(3)

7
23
31
42
57
44
44
39
41

20
111014
4

w

3.6
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.3
3.6
3.7
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.5

i

(5)

Household
operation

Food

(6)

Fur
nish
Hous Fuel,
ings Cloth Auto
and ing mo
ing light,
bile
and Other equip
ment
refrig
eration
(7)
(8)
(9) (10) (11) (12)

Con
Other Per Med
For tribu
tions
trans
Rec To Read mal and Other
ical reation
porta sonal
bacco ing educa per items
tion care care
tion sonal
taxes
(13)

(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

08)

(20)

09)

(21)

Percentage of total money expenditures

100.00
100.
100.0
100.
100.00
100.
100.000
100.
100.00
100.
100.00
100.
100.
100.00

35.3
35.5
35.6
30.8
31.2
29.2
29.6
27.2
25.1
24.7
27.6
22.5
23.4
22.7

2.1 0.71.3 8.2
10.6 3.4
7.5
3.5
4.8
7.4
10.9.7
1
9.6 3.9 4.2 9.4
8.8 4.7 4.3 9.9
2.6 10.
8.8
10.10
8.0 4.55.2 3.6
7.3 5.1 3.1 9.8
7.1 5.6 4.6 12.4
6.7 8.0 4.9 11.2
6.9 8.1 4.0 11.6
7.4 4.7 10.4
6.2
10.6 4.7
3.6 13.4
7.3
3.5 6.1 1.7 9.2
14.8
18.1
17.0
15.7
15.3
16.8
14.4
14.8
13.9
13.8
11.5
18.8
9.3

1.8
2.6
1.5
2.3
1.6
1.4
12.2 1.1
1.2
10.2 1.3.7
10 1.6.5.8
21.1 .8
3.9
6.5
5.3
7.8
5.7
8.3
11.5
10.9
5.4
0
14.5

2.4 12.6 1.9
2.4
1.3
4.4
2.8
1.5
2.5
.9
2.3
4.4 2.0 2.6 1.1
2.3 4.3
1.6
1.1
2.9
2.5
6.1 2.9 2.4 1.1
2.6
5.9
2.6 2.5
.9
2.2 7.2
3.8 3.9
1.9
1.1
2.5
3.4
1.6
1.1
2.3
5.3 3.9
L7
.9
2.1
2.2
5.5
3.8
1.5
2.3
3.8
4.6
1.9
1.0
3.4
2.0
3.9
2.0
1.3
2.4 4.1
5.4
1.
1
.9
4.1
.7
.4
2.4 2.9

0.6.1 1.71.7 0.4.8
1.8 .4.3
.3
.4
3.3
.3
.5
2.7
.2
.3
2.7
.4
.1
3.0
.2 4.9
3.7
.4
.4
.5
1.3

1.1.6

3.5
9.0
5.3
7.0
13.8

.4
.4
.1
.2
.3
.2

.2

Average money expenditure in dollars
139
33 J
779
836
918

3
13
23
36
47

3.7
3.9
4.4
4.4
4.2

888

977
1,177
1,390
1,526

291
373
425
517
519

112

157
155
193
257

98
104
129
143
150

27
44
49
51
64

21

14
15
33
39

23
67
103
124
145

17
61
41
67
62

11 2212
27

15
43
33
36 1

33
39

33
47
84
81
61

12 22 13
222515 311917 111513
45

33

16

817

5
14

8

18
35
31
38

182
3
4

5
8

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family

O*

$1,750-$1,999.................
$2,000-$2,249________
$2,250-$2,499________
$2,500-$2,999_...............
$3,000-$3,499.................
$3,500-$3,999.................
$4,000-$4,999................
$5,000-$7,499.................
$7,500 and over_____

932
843
745
1, 111
262
200
224
255
109

37
41
35
62
19
12
24
20
5

43
4.3
4.2
4.4
4.3
4.0
4.4
4.6
3.4

1,630
1,862
1,839
2,301
2,903
3,323
3,795
4,616
7,340

566
622
614
705
735
743
1,006
1,072
1,324

213
219
216
256
358
386
462
459
569

150
155
171
171
185
207
206
242
304

71
75
79
110
157
211
225
350
471

45
37
40
38
42
59
49
63
38

41
48
52
56
84
70
83
106
137

75
110
98
110
149
240
195
241
252

35
56
54
71
128
125
142
223
468

25
23
38
45
54
47
55
64
61

16
20
17
24
25
24
29
37
76

12
13
15
34
100
70
133
109
112

48
61
72
108
148
223
198
328
866

10
20
12
13
23
15
15
13
128

3
13
23
36
47
37
41
35
62
19
12
24
20
5

3.7
3.9
4.4
4.4
4.2
4.3
4.3
4.2
4.4
4.3
4.0
4.4
4.6
3.4

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

32.7
38.3
36.1
37.1
34.0
34.7
33.3
33.4
30.7
25.3
22.5
26.5
23.2
18.1

12.6
16.1
13.3
13.9
16.8
13.1
11.8
11.8
11.1
12.3
11.6
12.2
9.9
7.8

11.0
10.7
11.0
10.3
9.8
9.2
8.3
9.3
7.4
6.4
6.2
5.4
5.2
4.1

3.0
4.5
4.2
3.7
4.2
4.4
4.0
4.3
4.8
5.4
6.3
5.9
7.6
6.4

2.4
1.4
1.4
2.1
2.6
1.8
3.3
1.7
3.6
2.7
2.8
2.3
2.5
6.8

2.6
6.9
9.0
8.9
9.5
11.8
11.4
11.8
12.7
12.1
11.3
11.6
11.3
14.7

1.9
6.2
3.4
4.9
4.1
6.2
7.0
6.1
8.0
9.9
13.0
12.4
14.6
13.1

1.2
1.6
3.7
2.4
2.3
2.8
2.0
2.2
1.6
1.4
1.8
1.3
1.4
.5

1.4
2.3
2.3
2.7
2.6
2.5
2.6
2.8
2.4
2.9
2.1
2.2
2.3
1.9

4.3
4.8
7.1
5.8
4.0
4.6
5.9
5.3
4.8
5.1
7.2
5.1
5.2
3.4

1.4
1.5
1.9
1.9
3.0
2.2
3.0
2.9
3.1
4.4
3.8
3.7
4.8
6.4

2.5
1.7
1.6
2.2
2.2
1.5
1.2
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.4
1.5
1.4
.8

1.5
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.1
.9
l.Q
.9
.7
.8
.8
1.0

0.1
.8
.6
.4
.9
.7
.7
.8
1.5
3.4
2.1
3.5
2.4
1.5

0.9
1.8
3.0
2.2
2.5
2.9
3.3
3.9
4.7
5.1
6.7
5.2
7.1
11.8

20.5
.3
.3
.4
.5
.6
1.1
.7
.6
.8
.5
.4
.3
1.7

TABULAR SUMMARY

139
330
779
836
918
932
843
745
1, 111
262
200
224
255
109

See p. 142 for notes on this table.




101
129
113
184
286
434
468
673
964

Percentage of total m oney expenditures

Types I V and V
$500-$749........................
$750-$999______ _____
$1,000-$1,249__........... ..
$1,250-$1,499................
$1,500-$1,749.................
$1,750-$1,999.................
$2,000-$2,249............
$2,250-$2,499.................
$2,500-$2,999________
$3,000-$3,499.................
$3,500-$3,999_...............
$4,000-$4,999.................
$5,000-$7,499.................
$7,500 and over...........

192
30
212
62
32
216
292
84
352
77
92
377
89
440
114
522
500 1,070

•<1

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

118

O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

T

3.— Food: Average value of all family food, money expenditure for food at
home and away from home, average value of food home-produced or received as
gift or pay, and money expense per meal per food expenditure unit, by occupation,
family type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-86

able

[W h ite n o n r e lie f fa m ilie s in c lu d in g h u s b a n d a n d w ife , b o th n a tiv e b o rn ]
N u m b e r o f fa m i
lie s

O c c u p a tio n a l
g r o u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in c o m e
cla ss

E lig ib le

R e p o r t
in g e x 
p e n d i
tu r e s

(1)

(2)

(3)

ge of
A v e r a g e e x p e n d itu r e Pe exrpceenndtaitu
re A verage
for fo o d p u r c h a s e d
v a lu e o f
for foo d
foo d
A verage
hom ev a lu e
p ro 
o f a ll
ed
fa m ily
A w ay
A w a y dour cre
A
t
A
t
foo d
A ll h o m e fro m h o m e fro m c e iv e d
hom e 1
h o m e a s g ift
or p a y
(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

GO)

A verage
m oney
e x p e n d i
tu r e p er
m eal
p e r foo d
e x p e n d i
tu r e
u n itJ
(I D

A l l fa m ilie s
$500-$749____________
$750-$999___________
$ 1,00 0-$1,249_______
$1,2 5 0 -S l,499_______
$1,50 0-$1,749________

666
1 ,9 6 5
3 ,1 0 8
2, 927
3 ,0 7 7

14
50
75
107
133

$319
351
414
458
481

$299
339
395
444
470

$293
329
372
414
429

$6
10
23
30
41

9 8 .0
9 7 .1
9 4 .2
9 3 .2
9 1 .3

2 .0
2 .9
5 .8
6 .8
8 .7

$20
12
19
14
11

$0 .1 0 4
.1 1 6
.1 2 4
.1 4 0
.1 4 8

$1,750~$1,999_______
$2,00 0-$2,249_______
$2,250-$2,499________
$2,500-$2,999_.............
$3,000-$3,499_.............

2, 795
2 ,3 0 9
1,8 6 3
2 ,3 7 3
707

119
122
98
126
51

528
554
572
639
675

516
545
561
623
667

462
471
476
519
548

54
74
85
104
119

8 9 .5
8 6 .4
8 4 .8
8 3 .3
8 2 .2

1 0 .6
1 3 .6
1 5 .2
1 6 .7
1 7 .8

12
9
11
16
8

.1 6 3
.1 6 5
.1 7 6
.1 7 6
.1 8 0

$3,50 0-$3,999________
$4,00 0-$4,999_______
$5,00 0-$7,499_______
$7,500 a n d o v e r ____

493
510
445
163

37
49
31
11

723
845
1 ,0 2 7
1,4 5 1

701
836
1, 022
1,431

551
645
733
926

150
191
289
505

7 8 .6
7 7 .2
7 1 .8
6 4 .7

2 1 .4
2 2 .8
2 8 .2
3 5 .3

22
9
5
20

.1 9 7
.2 1 3
.2 2 4
.3 7 0

$500-$749...................
$750-$999 __________
$1,00 0-$1,249_______
$1,25 0-$1,499_______
$1,50 0-$1,749_______

666
1 ,4 6 9
2, 054
1, 547
1 ,4 6 5

14
31
46
31
40

319
359
406
485
519

299
346
383
471
503

293
336
363
438
460

6
10
20
33
43

9 8 .0
9 7 .1
9 4 .8
9 3 .0
9 1 .5

2 .0
2 .9
5 .2
7 .0
8 .5

20
13
23
14
16

.1 0 4
.1 1 6
.1 2 4
.1 4 8
.1 5 2

$1,75 0-$1,999_______
$2,00 0-$2,249_______
$2,25 0-$2,499_______
$2,50 0-$2,999_______

1 ,0 5 7
854
554
588

25
33
18
19

537
572
572
638

528
566
567
622

486
496
504
518

42
70
63
104

9 2 .0
8 7 .6
8 8 .9
8 3 .3

8 .0
1 2 .4
1 1 .1
1 6 .7

9
6
5
16

.1 6 5
.1 7 3
.1 8 0
.1 8 3

$750-$999____________
$1,00 0-$1,249_______
$1,25 0-$1,499_______
$1,500-$1,749_.............
$1,75 0-$1,999________

496
1 ,0 5 4
952
1 ,0 2 0
1 ,1 4 3

19
29
36
36
32

329
428
427
444
532

321
419
410
440
516

310
391
384
400
446

11
28
26
40
70

9 6 .6
9 3 .3
9 3 .7
9 0 .9
8 6 .4

3 .4
6 .7
6 .3
9 .1
1 3 .6

8
9
17
4
16

.1 1 2
.1 2 4
.1 2 8
.1 4 6
.1 6 7

$2,00 0-$2,249________
$2,250-$2,499_..............
$ 2 ,5 0 0 -$ 2 ,9 9 9 ._ ...........

925
816
904

33
32
32

536
596
642

523
581
627

451
486
526

72
95
101

8 6 .2
8 3 .6
8 4 .1

1 3 .8
1 6 .4
1 5 .9

13
15
15

.1 5 3
.1 7 6
.1 6 9

$ t,2 5 0 -$ l,4 9 9 ............. ..
$1,500-$1,749_.............
$1,750-$1,999_.............
$2,000-$2,249_.............
$2,250-$2,499_.............

289
299
224
180
170

24
23
22
20
16

436
413
503
602
526

432
411
496
594
521

407
382
460
480
462

25
29
36
114
59

9 4 .2
9 2 .9
9 2 .7
8 0 .8
8 8 .7

5 .8
7 .1
7 .3
1 9 .2
1 1 .3

4
2
7
8
5

.1 3 0
.1 4 1
.1 5 3
.1 8 3
.1 4 8

$2,500-$2,999_.............
$3,00 0-$3,499................
$3,500-$3,999_.............
$4,000-$4,999__...........
$5,000-$7,499________
$7,500 a n d o v e r ____
So o p . 142 for not< 3s o n

320
251
133
204
153
61
th is ta b le .

26
15
13
21
13
4

686
668
748
866
1,064
1,740

676
662
746
861
1 ,062
1,740

540
560
568
682
760
1,037

136
102
178
179
302
703

7 9 .9
8 4 .6
7 6 .1
7 9 .2
7 1 .5
5 9 .6

2 0 .1
1 5 .4
2 3 .9
2 0 .8
2 8 .5
4 0 .4

10
6
2
5
2

.1 7 8
.1 9 1
.2 0 9
.2 1 1
.1 8 7
.3 9 5

O c c u p a tio n a l
g ro u p : W a g e
ea rn er

C lerica l

I n d e p e n d e n t b u si
n e ss a n d p ro fes
sio n a l




119

TABULAR SUMMARY
O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

T

3.—Food: Average value of all family food, money expenditure for food at
home and away from home, average value of food home-produced or received as

able

gift or pay, and money expense per meal per food expenditure unit, hy occupation,
family type, and income, in 1 year, 1985-36— Continued
N u m b e r o f fa m i
lie s
O c c u p a tio n a l
g r o u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in c o m e

A verage
v a lu e
o f a ll
R e p o r t fa m ily
g ex
fo o d
E lig ib le in
p e n d i
tu r es

( 1)

(2)

(4 )

(3)

P e r c e n ta g e o f A v e r a g e
e x p e n d itu r e
v a lu e o f
for fo o d
foo d
hom epro
d u c ed
A t A w amy
A t Afrow ma y or re
c e iv e d
h
o
m
e
h o m e hfro
om e
h o m e a s g ift
or p a y

A v e r a g e e x p e n d itu r e
for fo o d p u r ch a sed

A ll

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

A verage
m oney
e x p e n d i
tu r e p e r
m eal
p e r fo o d
e x p e n d i
tu r e
u n it
(I D

Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499................
$1,500-$1,749................
$1,750-$1,999................
$2,000-$2,249................
$2,2 5 0 -$ 2 ,4 9 9 ._ ...........

61
177
235
197
211

8
20
21
18
19

$379
491
516
682
532

$377
462
506
577
515

$337
416
457
501
401

$40
46
49
76
114

8 9 .4
9 0 .0
9 0 .3
8 6 .8
7 7 .9

1 0 .6
1 0 .0
9 .7
1 3 .2
2 2 .1

$2
29
10
5
17

$ 0 .13 7
.1 3 8
.1 5 5
.1 7 7
.1 8 0

$2,500-$2,999_______
$3,000-$3,499.............
$3,500-$3,999________
$4,000-$4,999________
$5,000-$7,499________
$7,500 and over----

381
313
231
241
268
102

23
23
13
20
13

633
708
699
817
1,0 0 8
1,276

613
698
669
810
1,001
1,245

501
561
527
610
719
858

112
137
142
200
282
387

8 1 .7
8 0 .4
7 8 .8
7 5 .3
7 1 .8
6 8 .9

1 8 .3
1 9 .6
2 1 .2
2 4 .7
2 8 .2
3 1 .1

20
10
30
7
7

.1 9 1
.1 7 5
.1 9 3
.2 1 6
.2 5 1

$1,250-$1,499................
$1,500-$1,749________
$1,750-$1,999.............
$2,000-$2,249.............
$2,250-$2,499................

78
116
136
153
112

14
19
18
13

8

452
476
495
479
538

433
470
489
469
531

399
421
420
411
430

34
49
69
58
101

9 2 .1
8 9 .6
8 5 .9
8 7 .6
8 1 .0

1 0 .4
1 4.1
1 2 .4
1 9 .0

7.9

19

6
6
10
7

.1 5 3
.1 4 8
.1 4 4
.1 5 8
.1 8 8

$2,500-$2,999................
$3,000-$3,499................
$3,500-$3,999................
$4,000-$4,999................
$5,000-$7,499________
$7,500 and over----

180
143
129
65
24

26
13
11
8

5

554
616
741
881
1 ,010

530
609
712
853
1,0 0 9

472
499
578
658
727

58
110
134
195
282

8 9 .0
8 1 .9
8 1 .2
7 7 .1
7 2 .1

1 1 .0
1 8 .1
1 8 .8
2 2 .9
2 7 .9

24
7
29
28

1

.1 5 5
.1 7 3
.1 9 0
.2 0 8
.1 6 3

$500-$749-----$750-$999____
$1,000-$1,249.
$1,250-$1,499.
$1,500-$1,749.

296
707
1,006
945
969

4
14
21
29
29

300
325
361
416
421

272
317
346
405
418

271
306
318
362
379

1
11
28
43
39

9 9 .6
9 6 .5
9 1 .9
8 9 .4
9 0 .7

.4
3 .5
8 .1
1 0 .6
9 .3

28
8
15
11
3

.1 2 0
.1 4 2
.1 5 2
.1 8 0
.1 8 6

$1,750~$1,999.
$2,000-$2,249.
$2,250-$2,499.
$2,500-$2,999.
$3,000-$3,499.

908
694
530
643
173

38
37
24
23
12

505
459
491
637
568

488
456
480
627
559

415
390
379
411
433

73
66
101
116
126

8 5 .0
8 5 .5
7 9 .0
7 8 .0
7 7 .5

1 5 .0
1 4 .5
2 1 .0
2 2 .0
2 2 .5

17
3
11
10
9

.2 1 8
.2 0 8
.2 1 4
.2 3 8
.2 3 3

143
552
453
99
$3,500-$3,999.............
11
691
150
14
681
486
190
$4,000-$4,999................
676
1
$5,000-$7,499_.............
47
(t)
(t)
(t)
(t)
2
27 «
$7,500 a n d o v e r ____
(t)
(t)
(t)
(t)
fA v e r a g e s a n d p e r c e n ta g es n o t c o m p u te d for few er th a n 3 ca ses.
S ee p . 142 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .

82 .1
7 1 .9

1 7 .9
2 8.1

Salaried profes
sional

7

31

.355

Type I

1 25019°— 40-------9




(t)
(t)

(t)
(t)

(t)
t)

39
5

.2 4 5
.2 6 8

(t)
1 (t)

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

120

O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

T

3.—Food: Average value of all family foody money expenditure for food at
home and away from homey average value of food home-produced or received as

able

gift or pay, and money expense per meal per food expenditure unit, by occupation,
family type, and income, in 1 year, 1 98 6-86 — Continued
N u m b e r o f fa m i
lie s
O c c u p a tio n a l
g r o u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in c o m e
c la ss

A verage
v a lu e
o f a ll
R e p o r t fa m ily
g ex
foo d
E lig ib le in
p e n d i
tu r e s

(1)

(2)

(4)

(3)

ge of
A v e r a g e e x p e n d itu r e Pe exrpceenndtaitu
r e A v era g e
for foo d p u r ch a sed
v a lu e o f
for fo o d
foo d
hom ep ro 
ed
A w ay
A w a y d u cre
A ll h oAmt e fro m h oAmt e fro m cor
e iv e d
h o m e a s g ift
hom e
or p a y
(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

A verage
m oney
e x p e n d i
tu r e p er
m eal
p e r foo d
e x p e n d i
tu r e
u n it
(ID

GO)

Types II and III
$500-$749........................
$750-$999........................
$1,000-$1,249................
$1,250-$1,499................
$1 ,5 0 0 -$ !,7 4 9 ................

231
928
1,323
1,146
1,190

7
23
31
42
57

$355
355
438
438
495

$339
344
416
423
474

$324
335
389
404
431

$15
9
27
19
43

9 5 .6
9 7 .4
9 3 .5
9 5 .5
9 0 .9

4 .4
2 .6
6 .5
4 .5
9 .1

$16
11
22
15
21

$ 0 .10 2
.1 0 4
.1 2 1
.1 2 6
.1 4 0

$1,750-$1,999_______
$2,000-$2,249................
$2,250-$2,499................
$2,500-$2,999................
$3,000-$3,499................

955
772
588
619
272

44
44
39
41
20

503
556
582
593
681

496
541
567
572
671

450
482
491
480
571

46
59
76
92
100

9 0 .7
8 9 .1
8 6 .6
8 3 .9
8 5 .1

9 .3
1 0 .9
13 .4
16.1
1 4 .9

7
15
15
21
10

.1 5 0
.1 5 3
.1 7 5
.1 5 6
.1 6 9

$3,500-$3,999................
$4,000-$4,999................
$5,000-$7,499...............
$7,500 a n d o v e r ____

150
136
143
27

14
11
10
4

793
734
1,062
1,805

787
729
1,054
1,771

639
581
724
925

148
148
330
846

8 1 .2
7 9 .7
6 8 .7
5 2 .2

1 8 .8
2 0 .3
3 1 .3
4 7 .8

6
5
8
34

.1 9 8
.1 8 0
.2 5 6
.3 3 3

$500-$749........................
$750-$999__..................
$1,000-$1,249................
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,50 0-$1,749...............

139
330
779
836
918

3
13
23
36
47

300
395
440
531
526

291
373
425
517
519

287
360
415
487
479

4
13
10
30
40

9 8 .6
9 6 .5
9 7 .6
9 4 .2
9 2 .3

1 .4
3 .5
2 .4
5 .8
7 .7

9
22
15
14
7

.0 7 1
.0 8 9
.0 9 2
.1 1 3
.1 1 9

$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249................
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-12,999................
$3,000-$3,499................

932
843
745
1,111
262

37
41
35
62
19

577
631
621
722
741

566
622
614
705
735

520
528
534
600
601

46
94
80
105
134

9 1 .9
8 4 .9
8 7 .0
85 .1
8 1 .8

8 .1
15.1
1 3 .0
14 .9
1 8 .2

.1 2 3
.1 4 2
.1 4 9
.1 5 2
.1 5 8

$ 3 ,50 0-$3,999 ..............
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000-$7,499...............
$7,500 a n d o v e r ..........

200
224
255
109

12
24
20
5

765
1,021
1.076
1,326

743
1,006
1,072
1,324

556
789
789
876

187
217
283
448

7 4 .8
7 8 .4
7 3 .6
6 6 .1

2 5 .2
2 1 .6
2 6 .4
3 3 .9

11
9
7
17
6
22
15
4
2

Types IV and V




.1 6 2
.1 9 6
.2 0 3
.3 4 3

TABULAR SUMMARY

121

O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

T

able

4.—Housing: Average value of housing secured with and without money
expenditure, by occupation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 19S6-S6
[W h ite n o n r e lie f fa m ilie s in c lu d in g h u s b a n d a n d w ife , b o th n a tiv e born]
N u m b e r of
fa m ilies

O ccu p a tio n a l
g ro u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in 
co m e cla ss

1

( )

E li
g ib le

R e
p o rt
in g ex 
p e n d i
tu res

(2)

(3)

A ver
ag e
v a lu e
o f a ll
h o u s in g
p lu s
fu el,
lig h t,
a n d re
friger
a tio n

A ver
age
ex
p e n se
for
fu el,
lig h t,
and
refrig
era
tio n

(4)

(5)

A v e r a g e v a lu e o f h o u s in g secu red

1

A ver
age
m o n e y ex
W ith o u t m o n e y
v a lu e W ith
p e n d itu r e
e x p e n d itu r e
o f a ll
h o u s
in g
A ll F a m  O th e r
B ent
h o u s  ily h o u s  T o ta l Oh wo mn eed4 as p a y
in g hom e* in g 3
or gift
(6)

(7)

(8)

(10)

(9)

(11)

P er 
ce n ta g e
of h o u s 
in g
v a lu e
sec u re d
w ith o u t
m oney
expend
itu r e #
(13)

(12)

All families
$500-$749................
$750-$999................
$1,000-$1,249-----$1,250-$1,499-----$1,500-$1,749____

666
1 ,9 6 5
3 ,1 0 8
2 ,9 2 7
3 ,0 7 7

14
50
75
107
133

$288
299
369
418
462

$89
86
118
131
134

$198
212
250
286
326

$159
189
200
201
246

$159
189
199
200
245

$1
1
1

$39
23
50
85
80

$39
15
44
71
80

$8
6
14

1 9 .7
1 0 .9
2 0 .0
2 9 .7
2 4 .5

$1,750-$1,999-----$2,000-$2,249-----$2,250-$2,499-----$2,500-$2,999____
$3,000-$3,499------

2 ,7 9 5
2 ,309
1,8 6 3
2 ,3 7 3
707

119
122
98
126
51

496
532
579
615
712

138
141
154
162
183

357
390
424
452
529

251
253
273
284
353

247
247
267
268
342

4
6
6
16
11

106
137
151
168
176

101
131
143
160
176

5
6
8
8

2 9 .7
3 5 .1
3 5 .6
3 7 .2
3 3 .3

$3,500-$3,999____
$4,000-$4,999____
$5,000-$7,499____
$7,500 a n d o v e r .

493
510
445
163

37
49
31
11

764
937
965
1 ,319

203
213
232
322

561
724
733
997

375
458
450
609

358
407
404
430

17
51
46
179

186
266
283
388

186
266
283
376

$500-$749................
$750-$999................
$1,000-$1,249-----$1,260-$1,499-----$1,500-$1,749____

666
1 ,4 6 9
2 ,0 5 4
1,547
1,4 6 5

288
289
359
398
434

1

447
504
572
555

316
368
407
384

159
187
180
178
222
215
225
238
233

159
187
179
178
222

1 ,057
854
554
588

89
82
117
139
130
130
135
164
170

198
206
241
258
302

$1,750-$1,999-----$2,000-$2,249____
$2,250-$2,499____
$2,500-$2,999____

14
31
46
31
40
25
33
18
19

212
221
236
230

3
4
2
3

39
19
61
80
80
101
143
169
151

39
8
55
80
80
101
143
169
150

$750-$999_..............
$1,000-$1,249____
$1,25 0 -$ 1 ,4 9 9 .___
$1,500-$1,749____
$1,750-$1,999____

496
1 ,054
952
1 ,0 2 0
1,143

19
29
36
36
32

328
393
435
477
530

96
121
123
141
141

229
271
311
335
388

196
240
225
262
279

196
239
224
260
275

1
1
2
4

33
31
86
73
109

33
25
48
73
100

$2,000-$2,249-----$2,250-$2,499____
$ 2 ,50 0-12,999 .___

925
816
904

33
32
32

549
572
625

146
150
164

402
421
459

267
268
276

264
262
267

3
6
9

135
153
183

122
153
162

$1,250-$1,499____
$1,500-$1,749-----$1,750-$1,999____
$2,000-$2,249____
$2,250-$2,499____

289
299
224
180
170

24
23
22
20
16

444
507
562
566
518

142
140
169
156
140

301
366
392
408
377

187
235
272
279
202

185
234
272
252
195

2
1
(•)
27
7

114
131
120
129
175

114
131
120
129
114

225
344
461
340
409
410

28
4
12
47
54
286 1

243
243
197
197
80
80
373
373
293
293
380 1 380

12

3 3 .1
3 6 .7
3 8 .6
3 8 .9

Occupational
group: Wage
earner
C)
C)

ii
(5

1

1 9 .7
9 .2
2 5 .3
3 1 .0
2 6 .5
3 2 .0
3 8 .9
4 1 .5
3 9 .3

Clerical

Independent
business and
professional

253
166 496
26
665
320
$2,500-$2,999____
645 348
174
15
$ 3 ,0 0 0 -$ 3 ,4 9 9 ..._
251
719
473
229
782
553
13
$3,500-$3,999____
133
244 760
387
21
204
1,004
$4,000-$4,999____
240
756 463
996
$5,000-$7,499____
13
153
4
328 1 ,0 7 6 1 696
61
1 ,4 0 4
$7,500 a n d o v e r 
s e e p . 142 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .
* A v e r a g e a m o u n ts o f le ss th a n $1 a n d p er c e n ta g es o f le ss th a n




0.1 are n o t s h o w n .

6
38
9
13

1 4 .4
1 1 .4
2 7 .7
2 1 .8
2 8 .1

21

3 3 .6
3 6 .3
4 0 .0

61

3 7 .9
3 5 .8
3 0 .6
3 1 .6
4 6 .4
4 9 .0
3 6 .1
1 4 .5
4 9 .1
3 8 .8
3 5 .3

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

122

O M A H A , N E B B .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

T

4.— Housing: Average value of housing secured with and without money
expenditure, by occupation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 19S5-S6— Con.

able

N u m b er of
fa m ilies
O ccu p a tio n a l
g ro u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in 
c o m e class

0)

E li
g ib le

R e
p o rt
in g ex
p e n d i
tu r es

(2)

(3)

A ver
age
v a lu e
o f a ll
h o u s in g
p lu s
fu e l,
lig h t,
a n d re
friger
a tio n

A ver
age
ex
p e n se
for
fu e l,
lig h t,
and
refrig
era
tio n

(4)

(5)

(6)

O)

(8)

A v e r a g e v a lu e o f h o u s in g secu red
A ver
age
m o n ey ex
W it h o u t m o n e y
v a lu e W ith
p e n d itu r e
e x p e n d itu r e
o f a ll
hou s
in g
A ll F a m - O th e r
R ent
h o u s “ y h o u s  T o ta l Oh wo mn eed as p a y
in g h o m e in g
or g ift
(10)

(9)

(11)

(12)

P er
c e n ta g e
of hou s
in g
v a lu e
secu red
w ith o u t
m oney
exp en d
itu r e
(13)

Salaried business
$1,25 0-$1,499____
$1,500-$1,749____
$ 1 ,75 0-$1,999-----$2,000-$2,249-----$2,250-$2,499------

61
177
235
197
211

8
20
21
18
19

$529
504
475
528
617

$98
137
140
155
145

$431
366
334
371
472

$289
317
253
253
394

$289
314
250
248
388

$3
3
5
6

$142
49
81
118
78

$62
49
76
118
78

$2,50 0-$2,999____
$3,00 0-$3,499____
$3,50 0-$3,999____
$4,00 0-$4,999____
$5,00 0-$7,499-----$7,500 a n d o v e r .

381
313
231
241
268
102

23
23
13
20
13
7

633
693
773
865
948
1 ,2 6 9

144
199
196
187
229
318

489
493
577
678
718
951

369
342
333
533
453
558

323
326
317
485
410
443

46
16
16
48
43
115

120
151
244
145
265
393

120
151
244
145
265
374

78
116
136
153
112
180
143
129
65
24

8
14
19
18
13
26
13
11
8
5

477
521
534
555
671
656
746
726
993
981

91
126
135
115
172
159
167
188
213
221

386
395
398
438
499
497
579
538
780
760

354
322
253
292
357
374
387
348
398
340

354
322
235
283
332

18
9
25

362
373
323
325
293

12
14
25
73
47

32
73
145
146
142
123
192
190
382
420

32
73
118
136
102
123
192
190
382
420

$500-$749
$75ft-$999 __
$ 1 ,0 0 0 -$ 1 ,2 4 9 ..._
$1,25 0-$1,499 _„_
$1,5 0 0 -S I,7 4 9 ....

296
707
1,0 0 6
945
969

4
14
21
29
29

307
316
421
441
467

109
120
120

74
68

233
248
311
321
344

193
223
236
192
251

193
223
234
191
250

2
1
1

40
25
75
129
93

40
5
75
91
93

$ 1 ,7 5 0 -$ 1 ,9 9 9 ..._
$2,000-$2,249____
$2,25 0-$2,499 __„
$ 2 ,5 0 0 -$ 2 ,9 9 9 .._ .
$3,000-$3,499 __„

908
694
530
643
173

38
37
24
23
12

479
541
547
607
720

115
120
131
147
182

362
420
415
459
538

251
282
313
301
308

248
276
305
264
302

3
6
8
37
6

111
138
102
158
230

100
138
102
158
230

6
29

136
423

Salaried profes
sional
$1,250-$1,499____
$1,500-$1,749____
$ 1,75 0-$1,999 __„
$ 2 ,0 0 0 -$ 2 ,2 4 9 .___
$ 2 ,2 5 0 -$ 2 ,4 9 9 „ „
$2,500-$2,999____
$3,00 0-$3,499____
$3,50 0-$3,999-----$4,00 0-$4,999____
$5,00 0-$7,499-----$7,500 a n d o v e r .

$80
5

19

27
10
40

3 2 .9
1 3 .4
2 4 .3
3 1 .8
1 6 .5
2 4 .5
3 0 .6
4 2 .3
2 1 .4
3 6 .9
4 1 .3

8 .3
1 8 .5
3 6 .4
3 3 .3
2 8 .5
2 4 .8
3 3 .2
3 5 .3
4 9 .0
5 5 .3

Family type:
Type I

$ 3 ,50 0-$3,999 .___
749
11
545 409
403
143
203
$4,000-$4,999____
736
313 284
150
14
971
235
$5,000-$7,499____
47
1
$7,500 a n d o v e r .
27
2
t A v e r a g e s a n d p e r c e n ta g es n o t c o m p u te d for few er th a n 3 ca ses.
S ee p . 142 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .




(t)
(t)

(t)
(t)

(t)
(t) (t)
(t)
(t) (t)

(t) (t)
(t) (t)

136
423

(t)

(t )

20
38
11

(t)
(t)

1 7 .2
1 0 .1
2 4 .1
4 0 .2
2 7 .0
3 0 .7
3 2 .9
2 4 .6
3 4 .4
4 2 .8
2 5 .0
5 7 .5
(t )
(t )

123

TABULAR SUMMARY
O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

T

4.— H ou sing: Average value of housing secured with and without money
expenditure, by occupation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 1985-86— Con.

able

N u m b er of
fa m ilie s
O c c u p a tio n a l
g r o u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in 
co m e cla ss

0)

E li
g ib le

(2)

A ver
age
v a lu e
o f a ll
h o u s in g
p lu s
R e
fu e l,
p o rt
in g ex  lig h t,
p e n d i a n d re
tu res friger
a tio n
(3)

A ver
age
ex
p e n se
for
fu e l,
lig h t,
and
refrig
era
tio n

A v e r a g e v a lu e o f h o u s in g secu red
A ver
age
m o n e y ex 
W ith o u t m o n e y
v a lu e W ith
p e n d itu r e
e x p e n d itu r e
o f all
h o u s
in g
A ll F a m  O th e r
R ent
h o u s  ily h o u s  T o ta l Ohwo mn eed a s p a y
in g h o m e in g
or g ift

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(I D

(12)

P er
ce n ta g e
of hou s
in g
v a lu e
secu red
w it h o u t
m oney
expen d
itu r e
(13)

T ypes I I and III
$500-$749_..............
$750-1999................
$1,000-$1,249____
$1,250-$1,499-----$1,500-$1,749------

231
928
1 ,323
1 ,146
1 ,1 9 0

7
23
31
42
57

$249
279
336
407
424

$102
94
119
132
134

$145
183
215
274
289

$142
175
199
215
232

$142
175
199
215
231

(*)
C)
$1

$3
8
16
59
57

$3
5
10
55
57

$ 1 ,7 5 0 -$ 1 ,9 9 9 .„ _
$2,00G-$2,249__._
$2,250-$2,499____
$2,50 0-$2,999 -—
$3,000-$3,499------

955
772
588
619
272

44
44
39
41
20

541
530
590
615
706

150
146
153
162
182

390
383
436
451
524

285
264
308
318
378

281
260
304
312
370

4
4
4
6
8

105
119
128
133
146

104
117
119
118
146

$3,500-$3,999____
$4,000-14,999-----$5,000-$7,499-----$7,500 a n d o v e r .

150
136
143
27

14
11
10
4

780
967
961
1 ,2 6 6

197
200
213
273

583
767
748
993

328
610
478
728

324
558
447
500

4
52
31
228

255
157
270
265

255
157
270
195

$500-$749................
$750-$999________
$1,000-$1,249____
$1,250-$1,499-----$1,500-$1,749------

139
330
779
836
918

3
13
23
36
47

309
325
365
410
505

98
104
129
143
150

210
219
234
266
354

112
157
156
193
257

112
157
156
192
256

1
1

98
62
78
73
97

98
62
63
73
97

15

4 6 .7
2 8 .3
3 3 .3
2 7 .4
2 7 .4

$1,750-$1,999-----$2,000-$2,249-----$2,250-$2,499____
$2,500-$2,999___.
$3,000-$3,499------

932
843
745
1, 111
262

37
41
35
62
19

467
529
592
623
714

316
372
420
451
528

213
219
216
256
358

209
211
210
246
340

4
8
6
10
18

103
153
204
195
170

99
139
191
186
17 j

4
14
13
9

3 2 .6
4 1 .1
4 8 .6
4 3 .2
3 2 .2

$3,500-$3,999-----$4,000-$4,999-----$5,000-$7,499-----$7,500 a n d o v e r .

200
224
255
109

12
24
20
5

763
896
961
1 ,2 9 0

150
155
171
171
185
207
206
242
304

555
689
719
986

386
462
459
569

350
397
402
387

36
65
57
182

169
227
260
417

169
227
260
417

2 .1
4 .4
7 .4
2 1 .5
1 9 .7

$3
6
4
1
2
9
15

70

2 6 .9
3 1 .1
2 9 .4
2 9 .5
2 7 .9
4 3 .7
2 0 .5
3 6 .1
2 6 .7

T ypes I V and V

* A v era g e a m o u n ts o f le s s th a n $1 a n d p e r c e n ta g es o f le ss th a n 0.1 are n o t s h o w n
S e e p . 142 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .




3 0 .5
3 2 .9
3 6 .2
4 2 .3

124

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

4r-A.—Money
expenditure
by owners
and renters,
and facilities
included
in rentforforfamily
familyhome
home:
By occupation, family

T able

typet and income, in 1 year, 19S5-S6

3

S

(ii)

$sno-$74Q
$7fin-$QQQ
$1,000-$1,249............
$1,250-$! ,499_____
$1,500-$1,749............

666
1,965
3,1 0 8
2 ,927
3 ,077

14
50
75
107
133

30
13
33
36
46

70
81
58
59
50

$92
111
133
116
182

$191
211
250
262
307

15
29
12
14
19

20
10
7
3

7
31
46
50
56

20
8
2
2

56
51
39
29
26

9

$1,750-$1,999............
$2,000-$2,249............
$2,25 0-$2,499............
$2,500-$2,999............
$3,000-$3,499............

2 ,795
2, 309
1,863
2,373
707

119
122
98
126
51

43
56
55
64
58

55
42
42
29
40

152
178
167
197
200

321
346
425
422
538

23
26
37
16
20

8
17
17
21
9

57
56
62
76
68

8
18
3
2

35
37
45
21
20

6
9
27
10
9

$3,500-$3,999............
$4,000-$4,999 .
$5,000-$7,499
$7,500 a n d o v e r _ _

493
510
445
163

37
49
31
11

60
62
80
81

40
38
20
17

263
266
346
352

507
707
572
735

21
18

20

79
84
100
100

29
22

16

$/m -$749
666
<f7K0-$Q0Q
1 ,469
$1,00 0-$1,249............ 2 ,054
$1,250-$1,499
1,547
$1,50 0-$1,749............ 1,465

14
31
46
31
40

30
10
39
40
52

70
82
52
60
41

191
211
232
226
267

15
30
14
3
21

21
12

7
35
50
61
54

$1,75 0-$! ,999............ 1,0 5 7
$2,00 0-$2,249______ 854
$2,25 0-$2,499............ 554
588
$2,500-$2,999 ___

25
33
18
19

43
64
67
61

57
36
33
24

92
72
130
101
200
122
164
193
162

283
324
346
351

14
38
34

6
16
34

58
48
22
76

$7f;n-S999

496
$ 1 ,0 0 0 -$ 1 ,249............ 1,054
$1,25 0-$1,499............ 952
$1,50 0-$1,749_____ 1,020
$1,75 0-$1,999............. 1,143

19
29
36
36
32

23
22
25
35
44

77
69
63
63
53

171
140
120
143
189

211
283
300
330
343

23
8
24
20
34

15
8
11
4
12

21
37
31
51
55

$ 2,00 0-$2,249............
$2,25 0-$2,499............
$2,50 0-$2,999............

925
816
904

33
32
32

54
58
62

42
42
32

208
126
208

351
446
432

20
33
8

20
12
16

53
83
85

20

289
299
224
180
170

24
23
22
20
16

64
58
52
56
50

35
38
48
44
37

143
151
175
165
179

254
328
345
413
279

6
6
38
8
39

6

17
38

53
70
42
83
39

80
69
59
75
75
83

18
31
41
25
25
17

187
188
410
236
326
279

369
671
498
654
741
900

ts

a
(13)

2
1
2

23
22
29
22
22

R e frig era tio n

(8)

*
o

£

(3)

0)

Ph

K W a ter

G a rage

■a
3

3

F u r n is h in g s

R e n te r s

H

3

(4)

l l
§ §

?p, !&

3

to
Ba

6t-i

E lig ib le

aB

R e n t in g

Aa> cn
<u

P e r c e n ta g e o f ren ters h a v in g sp ecified
fa c ilitie s in c lu d e d in r e n t J

g

O c c u p a tio n a l
g r o u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in c o m e
cla ss

A verage
P e r c e n ta g e m o n e y ex 
o f fa m ilie s 1 p e n se for
fa m ily h o m e
H om e ow n ers

N u m b er of
fa m ilie s

^ P e r c e n ta g e w it h n o n e o f
g;
th e se fa c ilitie s in c lu d e d
w
in r e n t

[W h ite n o n r e lie f fa m ilie s in c lu d in g h u s b a n d a n d w ife, b o th n a tiv e b o m ]

All families

12

3
3

4
9
8
6

18
11
7
6
24
3

12

Occupational
group: Wage
earner

Clerical

21
13

56
48
43
24
27

8

25

28
48
45

34

60
31
34
30
50

8
5
11
11

34
38
17

14
26

15
33
4
16

4

9

23
20
23
14
25
28
13
34
24

4
6

26
40
31
20
6

7

12

9

Independent busi
ness and pro
fessional
$1,25 0-$1,499............
$1,50 0-$1,749............
$1,75 0-$1,999............
$ 2 ,0 0 0-$2,249............
$2,25 0 -$ 2 ,4 9 9 ............

$ 2 ,5 0 0 -$ 2 ,9 9 9 ............ 320
26
$3,00 0-$3,499 ____ 251
15
$ 3,5 0 0 - $ 3 ,9 9 9 ^ _ j 133
13
204
21
$4,000-$4,999
$5,000-$7,499 ____ 153
13
*7.500 a n d over___
61
4
8 e e p . 143 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .




32

28

94
66
100
100
100
100

17
29

6
11
38
17
56
6
32

6
7
8
22
56

8

40
24
19
10
6
34

125

TABULAR SUMMARY
O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

4-A.— Money
expenditure
forforfamily
home
by owners
and renters,
and
facilities
included
in
rent
family
home:
By occupation, family
typef and income, in 1 year, 1985-36— Continued

223
211
199
298
368
400

460
464
515
738
530
680

31
10
24
27

$1,250-$1,499
$1,500-$1,749...........
$1,750-$1,999_____
$2,000-$2,249_____
$2 250-$2,499 _

78
116
136
153
112

8
14
19
18
13

19
38
40
40
37

81
62
48
43
51

218
177
171
147
281

373
405
316
421
428

57
22
13
44
30

$2,500-$2,999...........
$3,000-$3,499............
$3 500-$3 999
$4,000-$4,999 ____
$5 000-$7,499
$7,500 a n d o v e r ___

180
143
129
65
24

26
13
11
8
5

55
46
59
90
100

45
54
41
10

250
209
189
254
292

482
548
505
600

296
$500-$749
707
$750-$999
$1,000-$1,249_____ 1,006
$1,250-$1,499_____ 945
$1,500-$1,749_____ 969

21

4
14

25
13
42
42
45

75
78
54
48
55

79
138
120
141
181

R e n te r s

3

3

3

g

50
9
6

38
76
64
84
60

9

62
21

&

35
40
38
56
19
17

62
15

w

61
55
62
44
81
80

$399
342
326
311
506

5* R e frig era tio n

23
23
13
20
13
7

$159
288
110
133
161

(ID

ta
t*
(12)

^

381
313
231
241
268
102

59
57
64
57
66

A

p
3

$2,500-$2,999............
$3^000-^3^499............
$3,500-$3,999_____
$4,000-$4,999 ____
$5,000-$7,499............
$7,500 a n d o v e r ___

(8)

G a rage

18
19

26
43
32
39
29

1
M

§

8
20

H o m e ow n ers

61
177
235
197
211

bO

R e n tin g

$1,250-$1,499............
$1,500-$1,749............
$ l'7 5 0 -$ l|9 9 9 ............
$2;00O-$2'249...........
$2,250-$2,499............

0)

^

(4^

E lig ib le

.aa
*
o

M e c h a n ic a l refiig e ra to r

P e r c e n ta g e o f re n te r s h a v in g sp ecified
fa c ilitie s in c lu d e d in r e n t

R e p o r tin g ex p e n d itu r e s

A verage
m o n e y ex
p e n se for
fa m ily h o m e

“

O c c u p a tio n a l
g r o u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in c o m e
cla ss

P e r c e n ta g e
o f fa m ilie s

F u r n is h in g s

N u m b er of
fa m ilie s

P er c e n ta g e w it h n o n e o f
th e se fa c ilitie s in clu d e d
in re n t

able

3

T

Salaried business
21

10
50

5
31
10
24

6

78
62
76
80
100
100

9

57
22
7
33
17

64
61
73
44
37

14
10
7

53
26
35

51
17
32

35
81
65

232
261
312
272
304

33
69
36
22
34

44
18
11

10
55
36
44

44
18

156
175
191
162
173

308
370
450
442
652

38
38
51
37
29

3
20

49
30
74
63
79

10
16

419
229

492
935

54

17

25

25
9
36
6
5

20
55

6
10
31

6
10

41
10
41
33

22
10
24

22

57
22
13
41
57

21
22
7
24
10

21
10
7
15

39
20
12

53
26
35

8
17
18

8

6
10

67
90
55
47
34

9
9
20

45
59
58
50
29
54

28

17

Salaried profes
sional

18

Family type:
Type I

$1,750-$1,999............
$2,000-$2,249............
$2,250-$2,499............
$2 500-$2,999
$3,000-$3,499............

29
29

908
694
530
643
173

38
38
58
51
37
48
55
24
45
62
23
31
74
12
26
11
22
$3,500-$3,999
143
78
92
8
$4,000-$4,999
14
150
$5,000-$7,499_____
47
1
2
$7,500 a n d o v er_ _
27
S ee p . 143 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .
fA v e r a g e s a n d p er c e n ta g es n o t c o m p u te d for




(t)
(t)

(t)
(t)

(t)
(t)

(t)
(t)

46
29

45
100

2

18
18
22

17
16
47
13
29

10
7

14
14
3

27

27

13

21

(t) (t)
(t) (t)
(t) (t) (t)
(t) (t)
(t) (t)
(t) (t)
(t) (t)
(t)

few er th a n 3 cases.

126

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

4-A.— Money
expenditure
forforfamily
home
by owners
and renters,
and
facilities
included
in
rent
family
home:
By occupationy family
type, and income^ in 1 year, 19S5-S6— Continued

14
4

62
40
59
38

38
60
41
50

177
299
329
79

3
13
23
36
47

67
44
48
44
55

33

63
76
103
125
196

210

37
41
35
62
19

54
67
70
76
62

45
30
25

136
169
156
204

306
333
395
397
533

12
24
20

46
56

54
44

208
274
368
387

478
598
484

R e fr ig e r a tio n

11
10

P e r c e n ta g e w it h n o n e o f
th e se fa c ilitie s in c lu d e d
in r e n t

150
136
143
27

£

$3,500-$3,999............
$4,00 0-$4,999............
$5,00 0-$7,499............
$7,600 a n d o v er_ _

^
£

61
46
63
41
51

M e c h a n ic a l refrig era to r

37
51
45
44
44

GO)

$160
61
192
84
168

$140
174
213
265
283

172
195
162

346
338
428
434
508

20
11
17
8
9

14
9

562
694

32
25

32

810

25

u

1

£
( 12)

3

44
44
39
41

L ig h t

955
772
588
619
272

§

g

$1,750-$1,999............
$2,00 0-$2,249............
$2,25 0-$2,499............
$2,500-$2,999............
$3,00 0-$3,499_____

F u r n is h in g s

86

®

3

R e n te r s

14
3
17
26
40

i
M
( 8)

3

7
23
31
42
57

P e r c e n ta g e o f r e n te r s h a v in g sp e c ifie d
fa c ilitie s in c lu d e d in r e n t

3

3

231
928
•$1,000-$1,249_____ 1, 323
$1,250-$1,499............ 1,146
$1,50 0-$1,749_____ 1.190

g

's!*

H o m e ow n ers

A verage
m o n e y ex
p e n se for
fa m ily h o m e

3

( 1)

P er c e n ta g e
o f fa m ilie s

R e n tin g

E lig ib le

O c c u p a tio n a l
g r o u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in c o m e
cla ss

R e p o r tin g e x 
p e n d itu r e s

N u m b er of
fa m ilie s

q

able

O w n in g

T

Types II and III
$500-$74Q
$7fin-$QQQ

_____

20

92
70
72
55

220
190

668

8
11

13

8
5
7

6
20
11
22

Types IV and V
$500-$749
$7KO-$QQ9
$1,000-$1,249............
$1,25 0-$1,499_____
$1,500-$1,749_____

139
330
779
836
918
932
843
745

$1,75 0-$1,999............
$2,00 0-$2,249............
$2,250-$2,499............
$2,50 0-$2,999............ 1, 111
$3,000-$3,499............ 262
$3,600-$3,999............ 200
$4,000-$4,999............ 224
$5,000-$7,499_____ 255
$7,500 a n d o v er_ _ 109

5

S ee p . 143 for n o te s o n th is p a g e.




88
100

66

43
56
38

22
38

12

222

217
239
244
353

8
10
8

34
45

8

35

20

17
35
42
57
49

54

74
71
96
64

70
39
55
82

23
28

71
61
38
67
71

21

5
4
4

8

7
3
4

68
87
100
100

11
2
2

10

8

100
73
100

67
34
36
16

22
32

21

5
4

1

3

2

30
13
9

17
3
9

32
25

32

13

17
34
32
25
30
26
16
3

1

27

25

15

2
2
8

33
5

30
39

22

25
24
25
33
50

8

35

15
30

2
2
11

17
13

2
21

20
9

13
3
17
15

21
7

127

TABULAR SUMMARY
O M A H A , N E B R .-C O U N C IL B L U F F S , IO W A

T

5.—Household operation: Average money expenditure for groups of items
of household operation, and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by occupa

able

tion, family type, and income, in 1 yeary 1 98 5-86

[W h ite n o n r e lie f fa m ilie s in c lu d in g h u s b a n d a n d w ife , b o th n a tiv e bo rn ]
A v era g e m o n e y ex p en d itu re for h o u seh o ld
o p er a tio n

N u m b er of
fa m ilie s
O c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p ,
fa m ily ty p e , a n d in 
c o m e cla ss

(1)

E lig i
b le

R eport
in g e x 
p e n d i
tu r es

(2)

(3)

P e r c e n ta g e o f to ta l
h o u seh o ld o p era 
tio n e x p e n d itu r e

P a id h o u s e h o ld
h e lp
F u e l,
F u e l, P a id
lig h t,
h t,
O th er alig
T o ta l a n d re
n d re h o ulds e  Oitethmers
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
ite
m
s
*
friger A v e r a g e a g e o f
friger hh oe lp
a tio n 1 a m o u n t fa m ilie s
a tio n *
h a v in g
(4)

(5)

(7)

(6)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

All families
$500-$749...........
$750-$999_____
$1,000-$1,249_.
$1,250-$1,499_.
$1,500-$1,749_.

666
1 ,9 6 5
3 ,1 0 8
2 ,9 2 7
3 ,0 7 7

14
50
75
107
133

$116
120
161
184
200

$89
86
118
131
134

$1,750-$1,999_.
$2,000-$2,249_.
$2,250-$2,499_.
$2,500-$2,999_.
$3,000-$3,499_.

2 ,7 9 5
2 ,3 0 9
1 ,863
2 ,3 7 3
707

119
122
98
126
51

224
225
252
279
361

493
510
445
163

37
49
31
11

666
1 ,4 6 9
2 ,0 5 4
1 ,5 4 7
1 ,4 6 5

$1
3
5

5
3
19
9

$27
33
43
50
61

7 6 .7
7 1 .7
7 3 .3
7 1 .2
6 7 .0

0 .8
(*)
1 .6
2 .5

2 3 .3
2 7 .5
2 6 .7
2 7 .2
3 0 .5

138
141
154
162
183

9
8
12
21
55

22
19
24
33
52

77
76
86
96
123

6 1 .6
6 2 .7
61 .1
5 8 .1
5 0 .7

4 .0
3 .5
4 .8
7 .5
1 5 .2

3 4 .4
3 3 .8
3 4 .1
3 4 .4
3 4 .1

424
465
594
934

203
213
232
322

99
119
194
355

76
64
82
86

122
133
168
257

4 7 .9
4 5 .8
3 9 .1
3 4 .5

2 3 .3
2 5 .6
3 2 .6
3 8 .0

2 8 .8
2 8 .6
2 8 .3
2 7 .5

14
31
46
31
40

116
115
160
189
191

89
82
117
139
130

1

25
33
18
19

217
208
249
259

130
135
164
170

27
32
43
46
56
72
70
83
81

7 6 .7
7 1 .3
7 3 .1
7 3 .6
6 8 .1

1 ,0 5 7
854
554
588

7
2
25
8
23
12
10
23

5 9 .9
6 4 .9
6 5 .9
6 5 .6

.9
(*)
2 .1
2 .6
6 .9
1 .4
.8
3 .1

$750-$999...........
$1,000-$1,249_.
$1,250-$1,499_.
$1,500-$1,749_.
$1,750-$1,999_.

496
1 ,0 5 4
952
1 ,0 2 0
1 ,1 4 3

19
29
36
36
32

134
163
177
199
222

96
121
123
141
141

5

4
10
5
22

38
42
52
58
76

7 1 .6
7 4 .2
6 9 .5
7 0 .9
6 3 .5

(*)
1 .0
(*)
2 .3

2 8 .4
2 5 .8
2 9 .5
2 9 .1
3 4 .2

$2,000-$2,249_.
$2,250-$2,499_.
$2,500-$2,999_.

925
816
904

33
32
32

236
252
287

146
150
164

11
17
20

24
34
38

79
85
103

6 1 .8
5 9 .5
5 7 .1

4 .7
6 .8
7 .0

3 3 .5
3 3 .7
3 5 .9

289
299
224
180
170

24
23
22
20
16

202
230
281
259
235

142
140
169
156
140

2
13
9
21
20

18
5
27
25
19

58
77
103
82
75

7 0 .3
6 0 .9
6 0 .2
6 0 .2
5 9 .6

1 .0
5 .6
3 .2
8 .1
8 .6

2 8 .7
3 3 .5
3 6 .6
3 1 .7
3 1 .8

166
174
229
244
240
328

30
49
98
155
220
349

41
52
54
73
86
100

111
117
103
124
125
388

5 4 .1
5 1 .2
5 3 .2
4 6 .7
4 1 .1
3 0 .8

9 .7
1 4 .4
2 2 .8
2 9 .6
3 7 .7
3 2 .8

3 6 .2
3 4 .4
2 4 .0
2 3 .7
2 1 .2
3 6 .4

$3,50 0-$3,999____
$4,00 0-$4,999____
$5,00 0-$7,499____
$7,500 a n d o v e r ..

(*)

Occupational group:
Wage earner
$500-$749_____
$750-$999_____
$1,000-$1,249_.
$1,250-$1,499_.
$1,500-$1,749_.
$1,750-$1,999_.
$2,000-$2,249_.
$2,250-$2,499_.
$2,500-$2,999_.

(*)

4
5
15
3
2
8

2 3 .3
2 7 .8
2 6 .9
2 4 .3
2 9 .3
3 3 .2
3 3 .7
3 3 .3
3 1 .3

Clerical
(*)
(*)

2

Independent business
and professional
$1,250-$1,499_.
$1,500-$1,749_.
$1,750-$1,999_.
$2,000-$2,249_.
$2,250-$2,499_.

307
$2,500-$2,999____
320
26
340
$3,000-$3,499____
251
15
133
13
430
$3,600-$3,999____
$4,000-$4,999____
204
21
523
153
13
585
$5,000-$7,499____
4 1,065
$7,500 a n d o v e r .
61
See p . 143 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .
’ A v e r a g e a m o u n ts o f le ss th a n $1 a n d p e r c e n ta g es




le ss th a n 0.1 are n o t s h o w n .

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

128

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA
T

5.— H ou sehold operation: Average m oney expenditure fo r groups of item s

of household operation , and percentage distribu tion of such expenditure , by occupa tion f fa m ily ty p e , and incom e , in 1 year , 1 98 5-36 —Continued

able

O c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p ,
fa m ily ty p e , a n d in 
c o m e cla ss

(1)

N u m b er of
fa m ilie s

A v era g e m o n e y ex p en d itu re for h o u seh o ld
o p er a tio n

R eport
E lig i in g e x 
p e n d i
b le
tu r es

P a id h o u s e h o ld
h e lp
F u e l,
lig h t,
O th er
T o ta l a n d re
frig er A v e r a g e P eargcee onft ite m s
a tio n a m o u n t fa m ilie s
h a v in g

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(7)

(6)

P er c e n ta g e o f to ta l
h o u s e h o ld o p er a 
tio n e x p e n d itu r e

F u e l,
lig h t,
a n d re
friger
a tio n

(8)

(9)

P a id
h o u se  Oitethmers
h o ld
h e lp
(10)

(ID

Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499______________
$ i;5 0 0 -$ l,7 4 9 ...........................
$1,750-$1,999_..........................
$2,000-$2,249.........................
$2,250-$2,499....................

61
177
235
197
211

8
20
21
18
19

$165
217
226
247
249

$98
137
140
155
145

$7
7
10
10

30
16
25
20

$67
73
79
82
94

5 9 .4
6 3 .1
6 1 .9
6 2 .8
5 8 .2

3 .2
3 .1
4 .0
4 .0

4 0 .6
3 3 .7
3 5 .0
3 3 .2
3 7 .8

$2,500-$2,999............................
$3,00 0-$3,449.......................
$3,500-$3,999_.........................
$4,000-$4,999_.....................
$5,000-$7,499_..........................
$7,500 a n d o v e r __________

381
313
231
241
268
102

23
23
13
20
13
7

255
388
423
421
605
855

144
199
196
187
229
318

28
62
106
97
183
358

21
49
83
60
79
78

83
127
121
137
193
179

5 6 .5
5 1 .3
4 6 .3
4 4 .4
3 7 .7
3 7 .2

1 1 .0
1 6 .0
2 5 .1
2 3 .0
3 0 .3
4 1 .9

3 2 .5
3 2 .7
2 8 .6
3 2 .6
3 2 .0
2 0 .9

$1,250-$1,499_..........................
$1,50 0-$1,749............................
$1,75 0-$1,999______________
$2,000-$2,249_.........................
$2,250-$2,499_.........................

78
116
136
153
112

14
19
18
13

150
219
220
188
301

91
126
135
115
172

14
25
23
5
33

54
79
74
71
106

6 0 .7
5 7 .5
6 1 .1
6 1 .2
5 7 .2

3 .3
6 .4
5 .0
1 .0
7 .6

3 6 .0
3 6 .1
3 3 .9
3 7 .8
3 5 .2

$2,500-$2,999.........................
$3,000-$3,499_.......................
$3,500-$3,999_.........................
$4,00 0-$4,999.......................
$5,000-$7,499............................

180
143
129
65
24

26
13
11
8
5

311
342
418
450
527

159
167
188
213
221

5
14
11
2
23
42
50
87
89
148

48
55
87
52
86

110
125
143
148
158

5 1 .1
4 8 .9
4 5 .0
4 7 .3
4 1 .9

1 3 .5
1 4 .6
2 0 .8
1 9 .8
2 8 .1

3 5 .4
3 6 .5
3 4 .2
3 2 .9
3 0 .0

$500-$749....................................
$750-$999____________ ____
$ 1 ,00 0-$1,249............................
$ 1 ,2 5 0 -$ !,4 9 9 ______________
$1,50 0-$1,749............................

296
707
1 ,006
945
969

4
14
21
29
29

106
98
149
173
180

74
68
109
120
120

28
3

32
30
40
51
59

6 9 .8
6 9 .4
7 3 .2
6 9 .4
6 6 .7

1 .1
.5

3 0 .2
3 0 .6
26 8
2 9 .5
3 2 .8

$1,75 0-$1,999............................
$2,000-$2,249_..........................
$2,250-$2,499_..........................
$2,50 0-$2,999............................
$3,00 0-$3,499............................

908
694
530
643
173

38
37
24
23
12

213
215
247
268
328

115
120
131
147
182

32
26
21
31
39

90
86
108
99
133

5 4 .0
5 5 .8
5 3 .1
5 4 .9
5 5 .5

3 .8
4 .2
3 .2

8.2
3 .9

4 2 .2
4 0 .0
4 3 .7
3 6 .9
4 0 .6

75

138

4 7 .5

2 0 .2

3 2 .3

Salaried professional

Family type: Type 7

8

2
1

8
8
22
9

13

$3,50 0-$3,999............................
143
427
11
203
86
$4,000-$4,999............................
150
14
540
235
131
$5,000-$7,499_..........................
47
1
$7,500 a n d o v e r .....................
27
2
S ee p . 143 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .
fA v e r a g e s a n d p e r c e n ta g es n o t c o m p u te d for fe w e r th a n 3 ca ses.




(t)
(t)

(t)
(t)

(t)
(t)

73
174 4 3 .5
2 4 .3
3 2 .2
(t)
(t)
(f )
(t)
(t)
(t) (t (t) (t) (t)

TABULAR SUMMARY

129

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA
T

able

5.— H ousehold operation: A verage m oney expenditure fo r groups of item s

of household operation , and percentage d istribu tion of such expenditure , by occupa
tion , fa m ily ty p e , and incom e , in 1 year , 1 98 5-86 —Continued

O c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p ,
fa m ily ty p e , a n d in 
c o m e c la ss

(1)

N u m b er of
fa m ilie s

A v era g e m o n e y ex p en d itu re for h o u seh o ld
o p er a tio n

P er c e n ta g e o f to ta l
h o u s e h o ld o p era 
tio n e x p e n d itu r e

R eport
E lig i in g e x 
p e n d i
b le
tu res

P a id h o u s e h o ld
h e lp
F u e l,
lig h t,
O th er
T o ta l a n d re
friger A v e r a g e P ea rgcee onft ite m s
a tio n a m o u n t fa m ilie s
h a v in g

F u e l,
lig h t, P a id
a n d re h oh uo slde  Oitethmers
friger h e lp
a tio n

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(*)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(I D

Types II and III
$500-$749 ...............................
$750-$999...................................
$1,000-$1,249............................
$1,250-$1,499............................
$1,500-$1.749............................

231
928
1 ,3 2 3
1 ,1 4 6
1 ,1 9 0

7
23
31
42
57

$122
127
160
186
206

$102
94
119
132
134

$1
5
12

11
6
19
20

$20
32
41
49
60

8 3 .6
7 4 .0
7 4 .4
7 1 .0
6 5 .1

0 .8
(*)
2 .7
5 .8

1 6 .4
2 5 .2
2 5 .6
2 6 .3
2 9 .1

$1,750-$1,999_..........................
$2,000-$2,249............................
$2,25 0-$2,499______________
$2,50 0-$2,999........ ...................
$3,000-$3,499............................

955
772
588
619
272

44
44
39
41
20

239
228
259
289
401

150
146
153
162
182

18
13
29
34
106

33
22
45
53
70

71
69
77
93
113

6 2 .8
6 4 .0
5 9 .1
5 6 .0
4 5 .4

7 .5
5 .7
1 1 .2
1 1 .8
2 6 .4

2 9 .7
3 0 .3
2 9 .7
3 2 .2
2 8 .2

$3,500-$3,91 J........................$4,000-$4,999............................
$5,000-$7,499............................
$7,500 a n d o v e r .....................

150
136
143
27

14
11
10
4

428
439
544
748

197
200
213
273

125
140
151
286

91
66
89
100

106
99
180
189

4 6 .0
4 5 .5
3 9 .1
3 6 .5

2 9 .2
3 1 .9
2 7 .8
3 8 .2

2 4 .8
2 2 .6
3 3 .1
2 5 .3

$1,250-$1,499...........................
$1,500-$1,749............................

139
330
779
836
918

3
13
23
36
47

125
148
178
194
214

98
104
129
143
150

8
1

27
44
49
51
64

7 8 .4
7 0 .3
7 2 .4
7 3 .7
7 0 .1

932
843
745
1,111
262

37
41
35
62
19

221
230
250
281
342

150
155
171
171
185

1
2
2
14
31

2
9
9
22
41

70
73
77
96
126

6 7 .9
6 7 .4
6 8 .4
6 0 .8
5 4 .1

(*)
(*)
.4
.9
1 .0
5 .0
9 .1

$1,750-$1,999_.........................
$2,000-$2,249............................
$2,250-$2,499............................
$2,500-$2,999............................
$3,000-$3,499............................
$3,500-$3,999............................
$4,000-$4,999............................
$5,000-$7,499............................
$7,500 a n d o v e r .....................

200
224
255
109

12
24
20
5

418
431
592
775

207
206
242
304

88
99
203
176

66
57
74
79

123
126
147
295

4 9 .5
4 7 .8
4 0 .9
3 9 .2

2 1 .1
2 3 .0
3 4 .3
2 2 .7

Types TV and V
$Knn-$740
$7f»0-$Q99
$ 1 ,nnn-$i ,949

(*)
(*)

•A v e r a g e a m o u n ts o f le ss th a n $1 a n d p e r c e n ta g es le s s th a n 0.1 are n o t s h o w n .




2 1 .6
2 9 .7
2 7 .6
2 6 .3
2 9 .9
3 1 .7
3 1 .7
3 0 .6
3 4 .2
3 6 .8
2 9 .4
2 9 .2
2 4 .8
3 8 .1

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

130

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA
T

6.— C lothin g: Average money expenditure for clothing for husband and wife
and other family members, and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by occupationf family type, and income, in 1 yeart 19S5-86

able

[W h ite n o n r e lie f fa m ilie s I n c lu d in g h u s b a n d a n d w if e , b o th n a tiv e b o rn ]
N u m b e r o f fa m ilie s
O c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p ,
fa m ily ty p e , a n d in 
c o m e c la ss

(1)

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e for
c lo th in g i

P er c e n ta g e o f to ta l fa m 
ily c lo th in g e x p e n d itu r e

E lig ib le

R e p o r t
in g ex 
p e n d i
tu res

A ll
fa m ily
m em 
b ers

H u s
band

W ife

O th er
fa m ily
m em 
b ers

H u s
band

W ife

O th er
fa m ily
m em 
b ers

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

All families
$500-$749....................................
$750-$999....................................
$ 1 ,0 0 0 -$ 1 ,2 4 9 ..........................
$1,250-$1,499............................
$1,50 0-$1,749 ._.......................

666
1 ,9 6 5
3 ,1 0 8
2 ,9 2 7
3 ,0 7 7

14
50
75
107
133

$35
70
98
118
142

$16
27
37
42
56

$11
28
38
44
54

$8
15
23
32
32

4 5 .7
3 8 .6
3 7 .7
3 5 .6
3 9 .5

3 1 .4
4 0 .0
3 8 .8
3 7 .3
3 8 .0

2 2 .9
2 1 .4
2 3 .5
2 7 .1
2 2 .5

$ 1,75 0-$1,999 ._..................
$2,000~$2,249__....................
$2,25 0-$2,499.......... ................
$2,50 0-$2,999...........................
$3,000-$3,499...........................

2 ,7 9 5
2 ,3 0 9
1,8 6 3
2 ,3 7 3
707

119
122
98
126
51

170
190
208
269
322

61
66
66
86
115

64
66
80
95
115

45
68
62
88
92

3 5 .9
3 4 .7
3 1 .7
3 2 .0
3 5 .7

3 7 .6
3 4 .8
3 8 .5
3 5 .3
3 5 .7

2 6 .5
3 0 .5
2 9 .8
3 2 .7
2 8 .6

$3,50 0-$3,999...........................
$4,000-$4,999_..........................
$5,00 0-$7,499 _........................
$7,600 a n d o v e r ....................

493
510
445
163

37
49
31
11

354
396
630
968

133
141
179
346

129
146
290
386

92
109
161
236

3 7 .6
3 5 .6
2 8 .4
3 5 .7

3 6 .4
3 6 .9
4 6 .0
3 9 .9

2 6 .0
2 7 .5
2 5 .6
2 4 .4

$500-$749................................. ..
$760-$999...................................
$1,000-$1,249...........................
$1,250-$1,499...........................
$1,600-$1,749_.........................

666
1 ,4 6 9
2 ,0 5 4
1 ,547
1 ,4 6 5

35
68
98
116
150

16
26
38
40
61

4 5 .7
3 8 .3
3 8 .8
3 4 .5
4 0 .7

3 1 .4
3 8 .2
3 7 .7
3 9 .6
3 7 .3

2 2 .9
2 3 .5
2 3 .5
2 5 .9
2 7 .0

1 ,0 5 7
854
554
588

178
183
175
236

64
64
59
72

11
26
37
46
56
62
56
63
80

8
16
23
30
33

$1,750-$1.999...........................
$2,000-$2,249_.........................
$2,250-$2,499...........................
$2,600-$2,999.........................-

14
31
46
31
40
25
33
18
19

52
63
53
84

3 6 .0
3 5 .0
3 3 .7
3 0 .5

3 4 .8
3 0 .6
3 6 .0
3 3 .9

2 9 .2
3 4 .4
3 0 .3
3 5 .6

$750-$999....................................
$1,000-$1,249............................
$1,250-$1,499...........................
$ l,5 0 0 -$ l,7 4 9 ...........................
$1,75 0-$1.999...........................

496
1 ,0 5 4
952
1 ,0 2 0
1,143

19
29
36
36
32

74
98
126
132
160

30
35
48
51
56

32
40
44
51
64

12
23
34
30
40

4 0 .5
3 5 .7
3 8 .1
3 8 .7
3 5 .0

4 3 .3
4 0 .8
3 4 .9
3 8 .6
4 0 .0

1 6 .2
2 3 .5
2 7 .0
2 2 .7
2 5 .0

$2,000-$2,249...........................
$2,250-$2,499...........................
$2,600-$2,999............................

925
816
904

33
82
32

198
222
263

70
61
88

74
82
88

54
79
87

3 5 .4
2 7 .5
3 3 .4

3 7 .3
3 6 .9
3 3 .5

2 7 .3
3 5 .6
3 3 .1

$1,250-$1,499............................
$1,500-$1,749............................
$1,750-$1,999............................
$2,000-$2,249............................
$2,250-$2,499............................

289
299
224
180
170

24
23
22
20
16

94
130
154
216
211

30
48
54
63
80

31
54
64
98
77

33
28
36
55
54

3 1 .9
3 6 .9
3 5 .1
2 9 .2
3 7 .9

3 3 .0
4 1 .6
4 1 .6
4 5 .3
3 6 .5

3 5 .1
2 1 .5
2 3 .4
2 5 .5
2 5 .6

26
15
13
21
13
4

314
288
361
363
421
1,331

96
89
124
121
132
486

114
99
125
143
126
499

104
100
112
99
163
346

3 0 .6
3 0 .9
3 4 .4
3 3 .3
3 1 .4
3 6 .5

3 6 .3
3 4 .4
3 4 .6
3 9 .4
2 9 .9
3 7 .5

3 3 .1
3 4 .7
3 1 .0
2 7 .3
3 8 .7
2 6 .0

Occupational group:
Wage earner

Clerical

Independent business
and professional

$2,600-$2,999............................
320
$3,000-$3,499............................
251
$3,500-$3,999_..........................
133
$4,000-$4,999_.........................
204
$5,000-$7,499............................
153
$7,500 a n d o v e r __________
61
S e e p . 143 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .




TABULAR SUMMARY
T

131

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA
Average money expenditure for clothing for husband and
wife and other fa m ily members , and percentage distribution of such expenditure ,
by occupation , fa m ily type, and income , in 1 year , 1935-86 — Continued

able

6.— Clothing:

N u m b e r o f fa m ilie s
O c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p ,
fa m ily ty p e , a n d in 
c o m e cla ss

(1)

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e for
c lo th in g

P er c e n ta g e o f to ta l fa m ifly c lo th in g e x p e n d itu r e

E lig ib le

R e p o r t
in g e x 
p e n d i
tu r e s

A ll
fa m ily
m em 
b ers

H u s
band

W ife

O th er
fa m ily
m em 
b ers

H u s
band

W ife

O th e r
fa m ily
m em 
b ers

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

Salaried business
$1,25 0-$1,499.......... .................
$ i;5 0 0 -$ l,7 4 9 „ .......................
$ i;7 5 0 -$ l,9 9 9 ._ .......................
$2,00 0-$2,249......................... ..
$2,25 0-$2,499............................

61
177
235
197
211

8
20
21
18
19

$136
156
206
171
242

$66
57
82
63
96

$53
55
88
59
104

$17
44
36
49
42

4 8 .5
3 6 .5
3 9 .8
3 6 .8
3 9 .7

3 9 .0
3 5 .3
4 2 .7
3 4 .5
4 3 .0

1 2 .5
2 8 .2
1 7 .5
2 8 .7
1 7 .3

$2,500-$2,999__.......................
$3,000-$3,499__.......................
$3,500-$3,999__.......................
$4,000-$4,999 .........................
$5,000-^ 7,499............................
$7,50G'&nd o v e r __________

381
313
231
241
268
102

23
23
13
20
13
7

287
370
366
441
755
750

93
144
141
163
208
262

110
137
134
166
391
319

84
89
91
112
156
169

3 2 .4
3 9 .0
3 8 .5
3 7 .0
2 7 .5
3 4 .9

3 8 .3
3 7 .0
3 6 .6
3 7 .6
5 1 .8
4 2 .6

2 9 .3
2 4 .0
2 4 .9
2 5 .4
2 0 .7
2 2 .5

$9, ftftft—$2, 949
$9,95ft-$2,499

78
116
136
153
112

8
14
19
18
13

129
145
158
166
201

44
48
52
64
66

70
56
48
54
106

15
41
58
48
29

3 4 .1
3 3 .1
3 2 .9
3 8 .6
3 2 .8

5 4 .3
3 8 .6
3 0 .4
3 2 .5
5 2 .8

1 1 .6
2 8 .3
3 6 .7
2 8 .9
1 4 .4

$2,500-$2,999...........................
$3,000-$3,499__.......................
$3,500-$3,999______ _______
$4,000-$4,999 .........................
$5,000-$7,499_........................

180
143
129
65
24

26
13
11
8
5

286
280
324
334
565

90
96
127
122
153

117
100
123
87
195

79
84
74
125
217

3 1 .5
3 4 .3
3 9 .2
3 6 .5
2 7 .1

4 0 .9
3 5 .7
3 8 .0
2 6 .0
3 4 .5

2 7 .6
3 0 .0
2 2 .8
3 7 .5
3 8 .4

296
707
1,0 0 6
945
969

4
14
21
29
29

12
59
106
97
130

7
28
48
49
64

5
31
56
48
66

2

5 8 .3
4 7 .4
4 5 .3
5 0 .5
4 9 .2

4 1 .7
5 2 .6
5 2 .8
4 9 .5
5 0 .8

1 .9

908
694
530
643
173

38
37
24
23
12

148
168
200
213
302

78
94
109
114
154

1
12

5 2 .7
5 6 .0
5 4 .5
5 3 .5
5 1 .0

.6
6 .0

1

4 7 .3
4 3 .4
3 9 .5
4 6 .5
4 8 .7

143
150
47
27

11
14
1
2

344
384
(f )

70
73
79
99
147
172
187

5

5 0 .0
4 8 .7

5 0 .0
5 0 .0

(t )
(t )

(t )
(t )

231
928
1 ,323
1 ,1 4 6
1 ,1 9 0

7
23
31
42
57

72
79
87
130
151

32
29
32
48
64

22
29
32
52
54

18
21
23
30
33

4 4 .5
3 6 .7
3 6 .8
3 6 .9
4 2 .4

2 5 .0
2 6 .6
2 6 .4
2 3 .1
2 1 .8

955
772
588
619
272

44
44
39
41
20

170
185
205
284
307

65
71
76
97
112

65
63
87
117
117

40
51
42
70
78

3 8 .3
3 8 .4
3 7 .1
3 4 .2
3 6 .5

3 0 .5
3 6 .7
3 6 .8
4 0 .0
3 5 .8
3 8 .2
3 4 .0
4 2 .4
4 1 .2
3 8 .1

130
137
217
237

132
122
262
330

70
78
127
146

3 9 .2
4 0 .7
3 5 .8
3 3 .2

3 9 .7
3 6 .2
4 3 .2
4 6 .3

2 1 .1
23.1
2 1 .0
2 0 .5

Salaried professional
$1,250-$1,499.........................
$ l'5 0 0 -$ l,7 4 9 _ ........................
$ l,7 5 0 -$ lj9 9 9 ......................... ..

-

$7,500 a n d o v e r

Family type: Type I
$500-$749 ...............................
$750-$999
..........................

$ i ;nnn-$i,94Q
$1,9J»ft-$1,4QQ
$1J5ftft-$1) 74Q

$1 r750-$1.999

__ _

$9,000-$2,249
$9;9fiO-$2,4Q9

.

$3,ftftft-$3,499

$3,500-$3,999
fc4,ftftft-$4,099
$ « )onn-$7I4QQ
$7,500 a n d n v a r _

_

(t )

(t )
(t )

172
192
(t )
(t )

(t )
(t )

.3
1 .3
(t )
(t )

Types II and III
$500-$749
$750-$999
$1,ftftft-$1,249
$1,250-$! ,499
$1,5rtO-$1,749
$1,750—$1,999
$2,000-$2,249
$2,250-$2,499
$2,500-$2,999
$S,000-$S,499

..

_____

.....

.

332
150
14
11
337
136
143
10
606
4
713
$7,500 a n d o v e r ..................
27
S ee p . 143 for n o te s o n th is ta b le ,
t A v e r a g e s a n d p e r c e n ta g e s n o t c o m p u te d for few er th a n

$3,5ftft—$3, 999
$4,ftftft-*4,999
$5, ftftft-$7,499




3 ca ses.

2 3 .5
2 7 .6
2 0 .5
2 4 .6
2 5 .4

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

132

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA
T

able

6.— C lothin g; Average money expenditure for clothing for husband and wife

and other fa m ily members, and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by occu
pation, fa m ily type, and incom e, in 1 year, 1985-86 —Continued.
N u m b e r o f fa m ilie s

O c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p ,
fa m ily ty p e , a n d i n 
c o m e cla ss

0)

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e for P e r c e n ta g e o f to ta l fa m 
c lo th in g
i l y c lo th in g e x p e n d itu r e

E lig ib le

R e p o r t
in g ex 
p e n d i
tu r e s

A ll
fa m ily
m em 
b ers

H u s
band

W ife

O th er
fa m ily
m em 
b ers

H u s
band

W ife

O th er
fa m ily
m em 
b ers

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

GO)

Types IV and V
$500-$749....................................
$750-$999...................................
$1,00 0-$1,249...........................
$1,250-$1,499...........................
$1,500-$1,749__.......................

139
330
779
836
918

3
13
23
36
47

$23
67
106
124
145

$10
20
32
27
37

$5
16
26
30
41

$8
31
48
67
67

4 3 .5
2 9 .8
3 0 .2
2 1 .8
2 5 .5

2 1 .7
2 3 .9
2 4 .5
2 4 .2
2 8 .3

3 4 .8
4 6 .3
4 5 .3
5 4 .0
4 6 .2

$1,75 0-$1,999...........................
$2,00 0-$2,249............... ............
$2,25 0-$2,499............................
$2,500-$2,999...........................
$3,00 0-$3,499............................

932
843
745
1,111
262

37
41
35
62
19

192
212
216
292
352

47
56
50
73
96

51
47
53
72
90

94
109
113
147
166

2 4 .5
2 6 .4
2 3 .1
2 5 .0
2 7 .3

2 6 .6
2 2 .2
2 4 .5
2 4 .7
2 5 .6

4 8 .9
5 1 .4
5 2 .4
5 0 .3
4 7 .1

$3,500-$3,999___.....................
$4,000-$4,999___.....................
$5,00 0-$7,499...........................
$7,500 a n d o v e r _________

200
224
255
109

12
24
20
5

377
440
522
1 ,070

107
113
138
400

96
131
172
352

174
196
212
318

2 8 .4
2 5 .7
2 6 .4
3 7 .4

2 5 .5
2 9 .8
3 2 .9
3 2 .9

4 6 .1
4 4 .5
4 0 .7
2 9 .7

S ee p . 143 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .




TABULAR SUMMARY

133

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA
T

able

7.— Personal care: Average money expenditure for toilet articles and prepa

rations, and services , and percentage distribution of such expenditure , by occupation
fam ily type , and income , in 1 year , 1935-86
[W hite nonrelief fam ilies in clu d in g h usb and and w ife, both n ative born]
N u m b e r o f fa m ilie s

O c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in c o m e cla ss

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e
for p e r so n a l care

P e r c e n ta g e o f to ta l
p e r so n a l ca re e x 
p e n d itu r e

E lig ib le

R e p o r t
in g
expen d
itu res

T o ta l

Serv
ic e s *

T o ile t
a r tic le s
and
p rep a ra 
tio n s

Serv
ic e s 1

T o ile t
a r tic le s
and
p rep a ra 
tio n s

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(1)

A ll families
$500-$749......................................................
$750-$999......................................................
$1,00 0-$1,249_____ __________ _____
$1,250-$1,499______________________
$1,500-$1,749.............................................

666
1,965
3 ,1 0 8
2 ,9 2 7
3 ,0 7 7

14
50
75
107
133

$18
26
27
32
36

$7
10
11
14
16

$11
16
16
18
20

3 8 .9
3 8 .5
4 0 .7
4 3 .8
4 4 .4

6 1 .1
6 1 .5
5 9 .3
5 6 .2
5 5 .6

$1,750—$1,999.............................................
$2,000-$2,249.............................................
$2,250-$2,499................................ ............
$2,500-$2,999.............................................
$3,G 00-$3,499........................................

2 ,7 9 5
2 ,3 0 9
1,863
2,373
707

119
122
98
126
51

41
44
51
52
70

18
20
25
25
37

23
24
26
27
33

4 3 .9
4 5 .5
4 9 .0
4 8 .1
5 2 .9

5 6.1
5 4 .5
5 1 .0
5 1 .9
4 7 .1

$3,500-$3,999..............................................
$4,00 0-$4,999.............................................
$6,00 0-$7,499.......................................... ..
$7,500 a n d o v e r ......................................

493
510
445
163

37
49
31
11

64
78
121
139

37
42
75
87

27
36
46
52

5 7 .8
5 3 .8
6 2 .0
6 2 .6

4 2 .2
4 6 .2
3 8 .0
3 7 .4

$500-$749..............................................
$760-$999......................................... ............
$1,000-$1,249.............................................
$1,250-$1,499_______ ______________
$1,500-$1,749.............................................

666
1 ,4 6 9
2 ,0 5 4
1,547
1,465

14
31
46
31
40

18
27
28
32
37

7
11
11

15

11
16
17
19
22

3 8 .9
3 8 .5
4 0 .7
4 0 .6
4 0 .5

6 1 .1
6 1 .5
5 9 .3
5 9 .4
5 9 .5

$1,750-$1,999.............................................
$2,000-$2,249.......................................... ..
$2,250-$2,499_____ ________________
$2,500-$2,999_____ ________ ________

1,057
854
554
588

25
33
18
19

35
42
52
53

14
18
26
22

21
24
26
31

4 0 .0
4 2 .9
5 0 .0
4 1 .5

6 0 .0
5 7 .1
5 0 .0
5 8 .5

$750-$999._................. ...............................
$1,000-$1,249__________ ____________
$1,250-$1,499........................................ $1,500-$1,749.............................................
$1,750-$1,999.............................................

496
1,054
952
1,020
1,143

19
29
36
36
32

25
26
32
35
45

10
11
16
15
19

15
15
16
20
26

4 0 .0
4 2 .3
5 0 .0
4 2 .9
4 2 .2

6 0 .0
5 7 .7
5 0 .0
5 7 .1
5 7 .8

$2,000-$2,249.............................................
$2,250-$2,499.............................................
$2,500-$2,999.............................................

925
816
904

33
32
32

43
55
50

20
26
25

23
29
25

4 6 .5
4 7 .3
5 0 .0

5 3 .5
5 2 .7
5 0 .0

$1,250-$1,499..............................................
$1,500-$1,749_...........................................
$1,750-$1,999_............. .............. ..............
$2,000-$2,249.............................................
$2,250-$2,499_...........................................

289
299
224
180
170

22

24
23

28
37
43
54
42

10
18
21
31

18
19

3 5 .7
4 8 .6
4 8 .8
5 7 .4
5 2 .4

6 4 .3
5 1 .4
5 1 .2
4 2 .6
4 7 .6

$2,500-$2,999...................................... ..
$3,000-$3,499..............................................
$3,500-$3,999..............................................
$4,000-$4,999..............................................
$6,000-$7,499_...........................................
$7,600 a n d o v e r .......................................

320
251
133
204
153
61

26
15
13
21
13

55
68

29
39
36
46
42
129

26

5 2 .7
5 7 .4
5 6 .2
5 5 .4
5 1 .2
6 8 .3

4 7 .3
4 2 .6
4 3 .8
4 4 .6
4 8 .8
3 1 .7

Occupational group: Wage
earner
13

Clerical

Independent business and preyfessional

See p. 143 for notes on th is table.




20
16

4

64
83
82
189

22

22

23
20

29
28
37
40
60

134

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA
T a b l e 7.—Personal care: Average m oney expenditure for toilet articles and prepay
rations , and services , and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by occupation,
fa m ily type , and incom e , in 1 year , 1 9 3 5 -8 6 —Continued
N u m b e r o f fa m ilie s
O c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p , fa m ily
t y p e , a n d in c o m e c la s s

(1)

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e
for p e r s o n a l ca re

P e r c e n ta g e o f to ta l
p e r so n a l care e x 
p e n d itu r e

E lig ib le

R e p o r t
in g
expend
itu r e

T o ta l

Serv
ices

T o ile t
a r tic le s
and
p rep a ra 
tio n s

Serv
ices

T o ile t
a r tic le s
and
p rep a ra 
tio n s

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499_...........................................
$1,50Q -$1,749..............................................
$1,750-$1,999..............................................
$2,000-$2.249..............................................
$2,250-$2,499.............................................

61
177
235
197
211

8
20
21
18
19

$41
38
44
45
51

$15
20
21
21
24

$26
18
23
24
27

3 6 .6
5 2 .6
4 7 .7
4 6 .7
4 7 .1

6 3 .4
4 7 .4
5 2 .3
5 3 .3
5 2 .9

$2,500-$2,999..............................................
$3,000-$3,499.............................................
$3,500-$3,999..............................................
$4,000-$4,999..............................................
$5,000-$7,499..............................................
$7,500 a n d o v e r .....................................

381
313
231
241
268
102

23
23
13
20
13
7

50
72
64
77
146
109

26
36
36
40
95
62

24
36
28
37
51
47

5 2 .0
5 0 .0
5 6 .2
5 1 .9
65.1
5 6 .9

4 8 .0
5 0 .0
4 3 .8
4 8 .1
3 4 .9
4 3 .1

$1,250-$1,499..............................................
$1,500-$1,749_...........................................
$1,750-$1,999_...........................................
$2,000-$2,249.................. ...........................
$2,250-$2,499..............................................

78
116
136
153
112

8
14
19
18
13

40
33
44
43
36

20
15
22
19
18

20
18
22
24
18

5 0 .0
4 5 .5
5 0 .0
4 2 .9
5 0 .0

5 0 .0
6 4 .5
5 0 .0
5 7.1
5 0 .0

$2,500-$2,999_...........................................
$3,000-$3,499_...........................................
$3,500-$3,999..............................................
$4,000-$4,999..............................................
$5,000-$7,499..............................................
$7,500 a n d o v a r

180
143
129
65
24

26
13
11
8
5

52
66
64
61
91

25
36
39
35
53

27
30
25
26
38

4 8 .1
5 4 .5
6 0 .9
5 7 .4
5 8 .2

5 1 .9
4 5 .5
3 9 .1
4 2 .6
4 1 .8

$500-$ 7 4 9 .....................................................
$750-$999.....................................................
$1,000-$1,249.............................................
$1,25 0-$1,499.............................................
$1,50 0-$1,749.............................................

296
707
1 ,0 0 6
945
969

4
14
21
29
29

18
28
27
29
30

7
10
10
11
12

11
18
17
18
18

3 8 .9
3 9 .3
3 7 .0
3 7 .9
4 0 .0

6 1 .1
6 0 .7
6 3 .0
6 2 .1
6 0 .0

$1,750-$1,999..............................................
$2,00 0-$2,249.............................................
$2,25 0-$2,499.............................................
$2,500-$2,999_...........................................
$3,000-$3,499..............................................

908
694
530
643
173

38
37
24
23
12

38
40
50
45
63

17
17
23
20
33

21
23
27
25
30

4 4 .7
4 2 .5
4 6 .0
4 4 .4
5 2 .4

5 5 .3
5 7 .5
5 4 .0
5 5 .6
4 7 .6

23
34

5 7 .4
5 8 .0
(t )
(t )

Salaried professional

Family type: Type I

54
$3,50 0-$3,999..............................................
143
31
11
$4,000-$4,999..............................................
14
150
81
47
$5,000-$7,499..............................................
47
1
(t)
(t )
2
$7,500 a n d o v e r ......................................
27
(t )
(t)
f A v e r a g e s a n d p e r c e n ta g e s n o t c o m p le te d for fe w e r th a n 3 ca ses.
S ee p . 143 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .




(t )
(t)

(t)
(t)

4 2 .6
4 2 .0

TABULAR SUMMARY

135

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA

7.—Personal care: Average money expenditure for toilet articles and prepa
rations , and servicesj and percentage distribution of such expenditure , by occupation ,

T able

fa m ily typet and incom e , in 1 year , 19S5-S6 —Continued
N u m b e r o f fa m ilie s
O c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p , fa m ily
t y p e , a n d in c o m e cla ss

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e
fo r p e r s o n a l care

P e r c e n ta g e o f to ta l
p e r so n a l care e x 
p e n d itu r e

E lig ib le

R e p o r t
in g
expen d
itu r e

T o ta l

Serv
ices

T o ile t
a r tic le s
and
p rep a ra 
tio n s

Serv
ices

T o ile t
a r tic le s
and
p rep a ra 
tio n s

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(1)

Types II and III
$500-$749____________________ ______
$750-$999...... ......................................
$1,000-$1,249_______ ______________
$1,250-$1,499______________________
$1,500-$1,749______________________

231
928
1,323
1 ,146
1 ,190

7
23
31
42
57

$23
27
27
31
38

$9
11
11
14
17

$14
16
16
17
21

3 9 .1
4 0 .7
4 0 .7
4 5 .2
4 4 .7

6 0 .9
5 9 .3
5 9 .3
5 4 .8
5 5 .3

$1,750-$1,999______________________
$2,000-$2,249______________________
$2,250-$2,499___________ ______
$2,500-$2,999___________ ______
$3,000-$3,499__........................................

955
772
588
619
272

44
44
39
41
20

44
41
52
52
59

18
19
25
26
27

26
22
27
26
32

4 0 .9
4 6 .3
4 8 .1
5 0 .0
4 5 .8

5 9 .1
5 3 .7
5 1 .9
5 0 .0
5 4 .2

$3,500-$3,999......................... ...................
$4,000-$4,999______________________
$5,000-$7,499________________ ______
$7,500 a n d o v e r ____________ ______

150
136
143
27

14
11
10
4

66
65
111
190

40
36
56
131

26
29
55
59

6 0 .6
5 5 .4
5 0 .5
6 8 .9

3 9 .4
4 4 .6
4 9 .5
3 1 .1

$500-$749__________________________
$750-$999__________________________
$1,000-$1,249______________________
$1,250-$1,499______________________
$1,500-$1,749______________________

139
330
779
836
918

3
13
23
36
47

12
22
27
38
39

3
10
11
17
17

9
12
16
21
22

2 5 .0
4 5 .5
4 0 .7
4 4 .7
4 3 .6

7 5 .0
5 4 .5
5 9 .3
5 5 .3
5 6 .4

$1,750-$1,999______________________
$2,000-$2,249______________________
$2,250-$2,499______________________
$2,500-$2,999........ ..............................
$3,000-$3.499______________________
$3,500-$3,999______________________
$ 4 ,00 0-$4,999________________
$5,000-$7,499______________________
$7,500 a n d o v e r ___________________

932
843
745
1,111
262

37
41
35
62
19
12
24
20
5

41
48
52
56
84

18
23
26
28
49
39
42
67
83

23
25
26
28
35

4 3 .9
4 7 .9
5 0 .0
5 0 .0
5 8 .3

31
41
39
54

5 5 .7
5 0 .6
6 3 .2
6 0 .6

5 6 .1
5 2 .1
5 0 .0
5 0 .0
4 1 .7
4 4 .3
4 9 .4
3 6 .8
3 9 .4

Types IV and V

S ee p . 143 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .

125019




200
224
255
109

70
83
106
137

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

136

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA

T

able

8.—Automobile operation and purchase: Percentage of fam ilies own
and purchasing automobiles , average money expenditure for all fam ilies

ing
for operation and purchase , by occupation , fa m ily typet a7id income , in 1 year ,
1 9 8 5 -8 6

[W h ite n o n r e lie f fa m ilie s in c lu d in g h u s b a n d a n d w ife , b o th n a tiv e b o rn ]
N u m b e r o f fa m ilie s

O c c u p a tio n a l g ro u p , fa m ily
ty p e , a n d in c o m e c la ss

P e r c e n ta g e o f a ll
fa m ilie s

E lig ib le

R e p o r t
in g e x 
p e n d i
tu r es

O w n in g
a u to 
m o b ile s

(2 )

(3)

(4)

0)

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e
o f a ll fa m ilie s

P u r c h a s  O p era tio n
in g a u to  a n d p u r 
m o b ile s c h a se
(5)

(6 )

O p era 
tio n i

P u rch ase
(n e t)3

(7)

(8)

All families
$750-$999.....................................................
$1,000-$1,249.............................................
$ 1 ,2 5 0 -$ 1 ,4 9 9 .............................................
$1,500-$1,749........................................... -

666
1,9 6 5
3 ,1 0 8
2 ,927
3 ,0 7 7

14
50
75
107
133

$ 1 ,75 0-$1,999 .............................................
$2,000-$2,249..............................................
$2,250-$2,499.............................................
$2,500-$2,999..............................................
$3,000-$3,499......................................—

2,7 9 5
2 ,3 0 9
1,863
2,373
707

119
122
98
126
51

$3,500-$3,999.............................................
$4,000-$4,999.............................................
$5,000-$7,499.............................................
$7,500 a n d o v e r ---------- ------------------

493
510
445
163

$500-$749 .............................................
$750-$999__................................................
$1,000-$1,249.............................................
$1,250-$1,499.............................................
$1,500-$1,749.............................................

66

12
14
7
12

$25
47
62
92
91

$25
27
45
72
63

$20
17
20
28

74
75
80
87
76

15
23
22
18
21

131
184
174
211
262

89
104
114
137
178

42
80
60
74
84

37
49
31
11

78
95
86
100

26
24
36
92

294
359
630
1,034

189
232
308
411

105
127
322
623

666
1 ,469
2,054
1, 547
1,465

14
31
46
31
40

43
61
57
64
69

14
17
6
16

25
52
68
79
90

25
31
44
75
60

21
24
4
30

$1,750-$1,999...........................................$2,000-$2,249.............................................
$2,250-$2,499...........................................$2,500-$2,999...........................................-

1 ,057
854
554
588

25
33
18
19

79
79
80
80

19
27
10
17

141
207
128
196

93
104
97
123

48
103
31
73

$750-$999.....................................................
$1,000-$1,249...........................................$1,250-$1,499.............................................
$1,500-$1,749.............................................
$1,750-$1,999.............................................

496
1,0 5 4
952
1 ,0 2 0
1,143

19
29
36
36
32

34
56
69
53
68

9
9
9
8
12

30
51
112
84
118

15
47
76
56
86

15
4
36
28
32

$2,000-$2,249.............................................
$2,250-$2,499.............................................
$2,500-$2,999.............................................

925
816
904

33
32
32

64
77
87

18
29
16

146
182
184

90
116
128

56
66
56

$1,25 0-$1,499.............................................
$1,500-$1,749.............................................
$1,750-$1,999_...........................................
$2,00 0-$2,249..............................................
$2,25D -$2,499..............................................

289
299
224
180
170

24
23
22
20

16

68
90
73
85
81

15
8
10
11
37

103
111
115
192
231

60
90
76
118
131

43
21
39
74
100

$ 2 ,50 0-$2,999..............................................
$ 3 ,00 0-$3,499..............................................
$ 3 ,50 0-$3,999.............................................
$4,000-$4,999..............................................
$5,00 0-$7,499.............................................
$7,50 0 a n d o v e r .......................................
S ee p . 143 for n o te s o n th is t a t >le.

320
251
133
204
153
61

26
15
13
21
13
4

97
95
86
100
87
100

16
26
23
36
14
83

266
328
276
437
448
1 ,2 8 0

172
216
201
232
326
494

94
112
75
205
122
786

$*nn-$74Q

____

43
54
57
66

Occupational group: Wage
earner

Clerical

Independent business and pro
fessional




137

TABULAR SUMMARY
OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA

T

able

8.—Automobile operation and purchase: Percentage of fam ilies own
and purchasing automobiles , average money expenditure for all fam ilies

ing
for operation and purchase , by occupation , fam ily type , and income , in 1 year ,
1 98 5-86 —Continued
N u m b e r o f fa m ilie s

O c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p , fa m ily
t y p e , a n d in co m e c la ss

0)

P e r c e n ta g e o f a ll
fa m ilie s

E lig ib le

R e p o r t
in g e x 
p e n d i
tu r es

O w n in g
a u to 
m o b ile s

(2)

(3)

(4)

A v e r a g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu r e
o f a ll fa m ilie s

P u r c h a s  O p era tio n
in g a u to  a n d p u r 
ch a se
m o b ile s
(6)

(5)

O p era 
tio n

P u rch ase
(n e t)

(7)

(8)

Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499.............................................
$1,500-$1,749.............................................
$1,750-$1,999.............................................
$2,00 0-$2,249............................................
$2,250-$2,499....................................— .

61
177
235
197
211

8
20
21
18
19

52
71
78
92
81

11
19
14
40
22

$69
117
131
243
227

$24
74
95
133
140

$45
43
36
110
87

$2,500-$2,999...........................................
$3,000-$3,499.............................................
$3,500-$3,999_........................................ ..
$4,000-$4,999_........................................
$5,000-$7,499_ ..........................................
$7,500 a n d o v e r ....................................

381
313
231
241
268
102

23
23
13
20
13
7

89
65
77
90
87
100

29
23
34
15
50
97

243
240
342
285
746
886

140
160
185
230
301
361

103
80
157
55
445
525

$1,9R0-$1,499
$1 Knn-$i,74Q

78
116
136
153
112

8
14
19
18
13

51
62
75
85
93

18
29
13

46
83
166
214
150

46
83
99
135
109

67
79
41

$2,500-$2,999........................................
$3,000-$3,499...........................................
$3,500-$3,999........................................
$4,000-$4,999___................................. ..
$5,000-$7,499...........................................
$7,500 a n d o v e r ___________________

180
143
129
65
24

26
13
11
8
5

88
68
85
100
86

15
9
14
19
29

225
193
228
392
493

153
151
186
243
279

72
42
42
149
214

$ 1 ,00 0-$!,249........................................
$1,250-$1,499.............................................
$1,500-$1,749.............................................

296
707
1,006
945
969

4
14
21
29
29

25
52
62
68
62

19
7
24

19
18
78
92
127

19
18
50
72
57

28
20
70

$1,750-$1,999...........................................
$2,000-$2,249.............................................
$2,250-$2,499........................................
$2,500-$2,999.............................................
$3,000-$3,499.............................................

908
694
530
643
173

38
37
24
23
12

91
75
73
100
67

19
19
25
17
7

151
212
186
234
169

110
139
116
165
120

41
73
70
69
49

Salaried professional
$1,750-$1,999..............................................
$2,000-$2,249.............................................
$2,250-$2,499_...........................................

Family type. Type 1
|K00-$74Q
$7S0-$999

_____

11
81
$3,500-$3,999.............................................
143
14
84
$4,000-$4,999.............................................
150
1
$5,000-17,499. ..........................................
47
(t)
2
27
$7,500 a n d o v e r ......................................
(t)
tA v e r a g e s a n d p e r c e n ta g es n o t c o m p u te d for few er th a n 3 ca ses.
S ee p . 143 for n o te s o n th is ta b le .




(t)
(t)

27
15

243
227

(t)
(t)

(t)
(t)

172
169

(t)
(t)

71
58

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

138

OMAHA, N’EBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA
T able

8.— A u tom obile operation and purchase: Percentage of fam ilies own

ing and purchasing automobiles , average money expenditure for all fam ilies
for operation and purchase , by occupation , fa m ily type , and income , in 1 year ,
1985-36 —Continued
Number of families

Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Eligible

(1)
Type* II and III
$/m-$740 ____ __ ________
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999.............................
$2,000-$2,249..............-.................$2,250-12,499..................................
$2,500-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000-$7,499............................. .
$7,500 and over..............................
Types IV and V
$finn-$74Q
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249_.................................
$1,250-$1,499..................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999..................................
$2,000-$2,249..................................
$2,250-$2,499_.................................
$2,500-$2,999..............................
$3,000-$3,499................................. .
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000-$7,499...................................
$7,500 and over..............................
See p. 143 for notes on this table.




(2)

Report
ing ex
pendi
tures
(3)

Percentage of all
families

Average money expenditure
of all families

Owning Purchas Operation Opera Purchase
auto ing auto and pur tion
(net)
mobiles mobiles chase
(4)

(6)

(5)

(7)

(8)

231
928
1,323
1,146
1,190
955
772
588
619
272
150
136
143
27

7
23
31
42
57
44
44
39
41
20
14
11
10
4

71
51
59
64
68
66
82
88
89
75
68
100
89
100

24
13
11
4
14
28
38
21
30
4
8
22
50

$37
63
62
108
88
140
222
241
233
299
156
325
658
1,656

$37
24
48
79
73
86
108
136
139
186
147
223
344
706

$39
14
29
15
54
114
105
94
113
9
102
314
950

139
330
779
836
918
932
843
745
1,111
262
200
224
255
109

3
13
23
36
47
37
41
35
62
19
12
24
20
5

33
67
46
65
67
68
68
78
79
92
84
100
82
100

5
11
3
10
12
22
8
18
22
41
39
51
100

17
61
41
67
62
101
129
113
184
286
434
468
673
964

17
52
35
62
58
71
72
96
119
208
233
280
287
355

9
6
5
4
30
57
17
65
78
201
188
386
609

TABULAR SUMMARY
T able

139

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA
9.— Recreation: Average money expenditure for recreation of specified types ,
by occupation , fa m ily type , and income , in 1 year , 1935-86
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native bornj
Number of families

Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Paid admissions

Eligible

Report
ing ex
pendi
tures

Total

(2)

(3)

(4)

(1)
A ll families
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999........................................
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499____ _____________
$1,500-$1,749_................................
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249____ _____________
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999..................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999............ ......................
$4,000-$4,999...............................
$5,000-$7,499_____ ____________
$7,500 and over______ ________
Occupational group: Wage
earner
$snn-$749
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499................................. .
$2,500-^2,999...................................
Clerical
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499..................................
$1,500-$1,749............ ......................
$1,750-$1,999..................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,500-$2,999...................................
Independent business and
professional
$1,250-$1,499.......... .......................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249........ ..........................
$2,250-$2,499............ .....................
$2,500-$2,999_________________
$3,000-$3,499..................................
$3,500-$3,999_________________
$4,000-$4,999__..............................
$5,000-$7,499__................................
$7,500 and over..............................
See p. 143 for notes on this table.




Average money expenditure for recreation

Movies
(5)

Equip
ment for'
games Other i
and
Other i sports
(6)
(7)
(8)

666
1,965
3,108
2,927
3,077
2,795
2,309
1,863
2,373
707
493
510
445
163

14
50
75
107
133
119
122
98
126
51
37
49
31
11

$9
14
22
35
43
47
60
65
75
106
131
136
256
408

$3
4
6
8
11
14
15
21
21
30
23
31
43
43

$1
1
2
3
4
4
6
6
12
13
14
43
60

$1
2
2
3
7
5
7
10
12
16
22
25
36
162

$5
7
13
22
22
24
34
28
36
48
73
66
134
143

666
1,469
2,054
1,547
1,465
1,057
854
554
588

14
31
46
31
40
25
33
18
19

9
13
22
41
44
40
49
55
58

2
4
7
10
13
16
12
22
19

1
2
1
2
1
3
3
4

1
1
2
4
5
4
6
12
10

6
7
11
26
24
19
28
18
25

496
1,054
952
1,020
1,143
925
816
904

19
29
36
36
32
33
32
32

17
23
30
39
54
74
65
78

5
5
6
8
13
17
20
18

2
1
2
3
6
7
5
5

4
2
2
11
5
9
7
14

6
15
20
17
30
41
33
41

289
299
224
180
170
320
251
133
204
153
61

24
23
22
20
16
26
15
13
21
13
4

20
35
46
56
79
86
94
148
102
260
557

8
12
16
21
19
24
34
24
25
40
44

1
3
3
4
13
9
13
12
19
39
38

1
4
8
7
6
7
13
27
13
39
357

10
16
19
24
41
46
34
85
45
142
118

140

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA
T a b l e 9. — R ecreation: Average money expenditure for recreation of specified types ,
by occupation , fa m ily type , and incom e , in 1 year, 1985-86 — Continued
Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class
(1)

Average money expenditure for recreation
Paid admissions

Eligible

Reporting ex
pendi
tures

Total

(2)

(3)

(4)

Movies

Other

(5)

(6)

Salaried business
$23
$8
$3
61
8
$1,250-$l,499_.
64
12
1
177
20
$l,500-$l,749_.
46
13
3
235
21
$1,750-$1,999_.
15
4
60
18
197
$2,000-$2,249_.
25
12
83
211
19
$2,250-$2,499_.
7
83
26
23
381
$2,500-82,999___
12
23
117
28
313
$3,000-$3,499___
107
22
15
13
$3.500-83,909___
231
38
10
241
164
$4,000-$4.999___
20
264
46
48
268
13
$5,000-$7,499___
43
73
318
102
7
$7,500 and over.
Salaried professional
38
16
4
8
78
$1,250-$1,499_.
49
12
14
8
116
$1,500-$1,749-.
7
3
31
19
136
$1,750-$1,999_.
35
7
2
18
153
$2,000-$2,249_.
14
53
4
112
13
$2,250-$2,499_.
22
26
88
8
180
$2,500-$2,999___
104
28
11
143
13
$3,000-$3,499___
27
156
8
129
11
$3,500-83,999___
22
12
136
65
8
$4,000-84,999___
25
11
5
137
24
$5.000-$7,499___
$7,600 and over.
Family type: Type I
1
4
296
$500-8749........
(*)
(*)
7
1
13
14
707
$750-$999____
21
20
2
8
1,006
$1,000-$1,249_.
2
37
7
29
945
$1,250-81,499..
8
39
969
29
3
$1,500-81,749..
19
60
3
908
38
$1,750-81,999..
11
37
50
694
7
$2,000-82,249..
24
72
20
4
530
$2,250-82,499. .
13
23
70
5
643
$2,500-$ 2,999-.
12
78
16
5
173
$3,000-83,49912
10
11
138
143
$3,500-83,999. . . .
150
20
148
15
14
$4,000-84,999.__
1
47
$5,000-$7,499.—
(t)
(t)
(t)
2
27
$7,500 and over.
(t)
(t)
(t
See p. 143 for notes on this table.
‘Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages less than 0.1 are not shown.
fAverages and percentages not computed for fewer than 3 cases.




Equip
ment for
games
and
sports
(7)

Other
(8)

$2
4
7
8
23
15
22
23
38
34
44

$]
47
23
33
23
35
i55
47
78
i:
u

3
6
3
2
3
11
10
15
15
36

15
23
18
24
32
47
55
106
li
87
i
65

(*) 1
1
(*)
11
6
5
12
8
7
36
34
(t)
(t)

28
17
32

(t)
(t)

80
79

141

TABULAR SUMMARY

OMAHA, NEBR.-COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA
T a b l e 9.— R ecreation: Average money expenditure for recreation of specified types,
by occupation , fa m ily type , and incom e , in 1 yearf 1985-86 — Continued
Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class
(1)
Types II and III
$500-$749..................................... .
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249._____ ___________
$1,250-$1,499_________ _______
$1,500-$l; 749............ ...................
$1,750-$1,999............... . . ..............
$2,000-$2,249................................
$2,250-$2,499...........................
$2,500-$2,999........ ...................
$3,000-$3,499..................................
$3,500-$3,999__...............................
$4,000~$4,999__........ .....................
$5,000-$7,499______ _____ _____
$7,500 and o v e r ..........................
Types I V and V
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249.......... .................
$1,250-$1,499._...............................
$1,500-11,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999________________ _
$2,000-$2,249_____________ ___
$2,250-$2,499____________ ____
$2,500-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499____________ ____
$3,500-$3.999...................................
$4,000-$4,999____________ ____
$5,000-$7,499...... ..........................
$7,500 and over.............................

Average money expenditure for recreation
Paid admissions

Eligible

Reporting ex
pendi
tures

Total

(2)

(3)

(4)

Movies

Other

(5)

(6)

231
928
1,323
1,146
1,190
955
772
588
619
272
150
136
143
27

7
23
31
42
57
44
44
39
41
20
14
11
10

$5
3
5
8
10
10
15
18
23
27
22
35
55
46

(*)

4

$18
15
24
40
44
44
72
71
90
103
132
112
245
319

139
330
779
836
918
932
843
745
1, 111
262
200
224
255
109

3
13
23
36
47
37
41
35
62
19
12
24
20
5

12
15
22
26
45
35
56
54
71
128
125
142
223
468

5
5
7
12
15
14
17
23
24
42
33
35
34
47

C) 2
(*)
1
3
4
4
5
6
20
9
14
27
66

See p 143 for notes on this table.
*Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages less than 0.1 are not shown




$1
1
2
3
3
4
9
8
10
20
12
60
30

Equip
ment for
games
and
sports
(7)

Other
(8)

$2
2
3
6
8
6
13
8
14
21
14
17
34
105

$11
9
15
24
23
25
40
36
45
45
76
48
96
138

(*) 3

7
5
13
11
25
14
31
16
27

2
2
2

3
4
10
14
18
18
24
27
196

48

65
69
135
159

Footnotes for Tables in Expenditure Tabular Summary

O m a h a - C o u n c il B l u f f s
TABLE 1
1 See glossary, appendix B, for eligibility requirements.
Money income is equal to the sum of money expenditure (column 7) plus net surplus or deficit (column 8)
plus net balancing difference (column 9).
3 Nonmoney income from housing includes imputed income from owned family or vacation homes plus
rent received as pay or gift (average amounts based on all families, whether or not they reported such non
money income).
* Includes purchases on cash or credit basis. Does not include money disbursements resulting in an
increase in family assets or a decrease in liabilities. (Examples of disbursements not treated as expenditures
will be found in the glossary, appendix B.)
« See glossary, appendix B, for definitions of surplus and deficit.
«Represents the average net difference between reported money receipts and reported money disburse
ments. See glossary, appendix B. A maximum balancing difference within 5.5 percent was allowable on
each schedule.
TABLE 1-A
iA surplus represents an increase in assets or a decrease in liabilities,or both; a deficit represents a decrease
in assets or an increase in liabilities, or both.
Some families reported neither surplus nor deficit for the year; therefore the sum of columns 5 and 6 does
not always equal 100 percent.
* Since the average amounts in these two columns are based on the number of families reporting surplus or
deficit, respectively, they do not add to the average net surplus or deficit shown in column 4 for all families.

2

2

TABLE 2
1 The averages in this table include money expenditures for goods and services purchased on either cash
or credit basis. They do not include value of goods and services received without money expense. Aver
ages are based on all families, whether or not they reported expenditures for the specified categories.
Housing expenditures include the money expense of home owners and rent contracted for by renting
families for family home and other housing. The value of fuel, light, and refrigeration is included when
furnished by the landlord and included in the rental rate.
Includes all expenditure for operation and maintenance (see table 8), and the net purchase price (gross
price less trade-in allowance) of automobiles bought during the schedule year. The proportion of automo
bile expense chargeable to business has been deducted. See glossary, appendix B.
Includes paid admissions, equipment, and supplies for games, sports and other recreation, club dues, and
the like. Does not include expense for transportation, food, or lodging while on vacation.
Taxes include only poll, income, and personal-property taxes. All other taxes, such as those on real
estate, amusements, and retail sales taxes are included as a part of the expenditure for these items. Gifts do
not include gifts from one member of the economic family to another.

2
3
4
4

TABLE 3
Includes expenditures for board at school, which amounted to less than 5 percent of average food expense
for all families with incomes of less than $7,500. Among families in the business and professional categories,
it amounted at most to an average of $87, at the income level $7,500 and over. For families of types IV and V,
it amounted at most to an average of $124, at the income level $7,500 and over.
See glossary, appendix B, for method of deriving this figure.

1

2

TABLE 4

2 Includes housing expenditure for both owners and renters. Average amounts for renting families are
based on rental rate contracted for. Value of fuel, light, and refrigeration is included when furnished by the

landlord and included in the rental rate. See table 4-A for percentage of families for whom those facilities
were included as part of the rental rate.
See table 4-A for separation of expense for owning and renting families.
Includes net money expenditure for owned or rented vacation homes, lodging while traveling or on
vacation, and room at school.
See glossary, appendix B, for method of deriving this figure. Includes nonmoney income from owned
vacation homes, which amounted at most to an average of less than $1 at any income level.
Percentages based on the average value of all housing (column 6).

82
4
4

142




TABULAR SUMMARY

143

TABLE 4-A
1 These two percentages do not always add to IOC, since families that both owned and rented during the
year, or received rent as gift or pay, are not included in columns 4 through 7.
Percentages based on renting families reporting these facilities included in rent at the end of the schedule
year.
TABLE 5
Excludes value of fuel, light, and refrigeration furnished by the landlord and included in the rental rate.
Fuel received without money expense is not included in this average, but amounted to less than 5 percent
of money expense for fuel, light, and refrigeration for all families.
See glossary, appendix B, for items included.

2

1
2

TABLE 6
1 Value of clothing gifts from one family member to another are included in the average expenditure for
the member receiving such gifts. Gifts of clothing to or from individuals outside the economic family are
excluded.
For families of type I, averages and percentages shown in columns 7 and 10 are for individuals who were
members of the economic family less than 27 weeks, and were therefore not considered equivalent members
in determining family type. See glossary, appendix B, for method of classifying families by type.
TABLE 7
See glossary, appendix B, for items included.

2

1

TABLE 8

2To obtain the average cost of operation for families owning automobiles, divide the average shown in
this column by the corresponding figure in column 4 and multiply by 100.
2To obtain the average net purchase price (gross price less trade-in allowance) for families purchasing
automobiles, divide the average shown in this column by the corresponding figure in column 5 and multiply

by 100.

1

TABLE 9
See glossary, appendix B, for items included.




WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

144

W E ST CEN TR AL, 2 M ID D L E -SIZE D CITIES

T able

1.— B alance o f fam ily Incom e and expenditure: N um ber of eligible

fa m ilies , num ber reporting expen ditu res , average net m oney and nonm oney incom et
average m oney expenditure fo r fa m ily livin g , net su rplu s or deficit , and balancing
difference , by occupation , fa m ily ty p e , an d incom e , in I t/ear, 19S 5-S 6
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native bom]
Number of fam
ilies

Occupational group, family
type, and income class

0)

Report
ex
Eligible1 ing
pendi
tures
(2)
(3)

Average net income

Average Average
money
expendi net sur
or
Non ture for plus
family deficit
Total Money * money
from living *
housing*
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)

A ll families
$412
31
$32
326
$380
$616
$250-$499....................................
621
924
67
578
$500-$749....................................
43
72
870
837
33
$750-$999___________ ______ 1, 362
887
1,132 1,084
48 1,089
$1,000-$1,249_______________ 1, 547
157
, 226
139
1,367 1,294
$1,250-$1,499________ ______
73 1,266
143
71 1,481
$1,500-$1,749_________ _____ 1,080
1,607 1,536
144
69 1,651
$1,750-$1,999__________ ____ 1,013
1,857 1,788
131
$2,000-$2,249..............................
679
2,123 2,028
95 1, 849
109
2,376 2,233
$2,250-$2,499..............................
462
143 1.902
62
2,723 2,566
$2,500-12,999..............................
157 2,313
247
3,224 3,127
$3,000-$3,499..............................
151
54
97 2, 567
3,735 3, 557
47
178 2,747
$3,600-$3,999..............................
107
4,421 4,109
42
312 3,125
$4,000-$4,999........................—
99
265 4,287
46
7,028 6,763
$5,000 and over................. .......
116
Occupational group: Wage
earner
31
412
32
380
326
$250-$499..................... ...............
616
38
569
48
617
$500-$749....................................
648
767
32
43
869
837
$750-$999.............................— - 1,082
865
49
1,133 1,087
46 1,053
$1,000-$1.249_______________
946
44
72 1, 224
1,378 l, 306
$1,250-$1,499---------------------677
39
1,609 1,531
551
78 1,382
$1,500-$1,749...................... .......
1,791
1,861
36
70 1, 597
$1,750-$1,999...................... .
473
2,143 2,088
35
55 1,712
270
$2,000-$2,249........................ —
2,378 2,224
28
154 l, 737
$2,250-$2,499_--------- ----------155
Clerical
29
647
626
$500-$749..................... ..............
157
766
876
38
29
838
$750-$999_...................................
280
970
41
314
1,093
27 1,133
$1,000-$1,249...........— .........33
1, 339 1,279
60 1,247
$1,250-11,499_____ _________
319
34
32
1,608
1, 576
273
, 660
$1,500-$1,749_______________
42
1,851 1,785
302
1,644
$1,750-$1,999...............— .........
36
2,119 2.009
1,845
$2,000-$2,249...................... — _
28
2,360 2,203
157 1,939
145
$2,250-$2,499..............................
Independent business and
professional
199
36
1,144 1,056
$1,000-$1,249.............................
1,147
35
1,365 1,262
103 1,456
$1,250-$1,499.............................
146
33
1,583 1,456
127 1,465
141
$1,500-$1,749.........................
39
1,875 1, 772
103 1, 665
$1,750-$1,999.............. ...............
115
$2,000-$2,249...................... .....
74
23
2,108 1,907
1,973
26
2, 390 2,231
159 1,902
$2,250-$2,499_____ _________
82
2,723 2, 517
$2,500-$2,999_______ ____
C 2, 320
28
19
3,180 3,016
164 2,336
$3,000-$3,499_______________
43
199 2, 547
24
$3,500-$3,999_______________
3,728 3, 529
46
4,331 3,857
474 2,863
$4,000-$4,999........................... .
35
18
7,046
276 4, 250
26
, 770
$5,000 and over____________
65
Salaried business and pro
fessional
31
1,136 1,093
43 1,190
$1,000-$1,249.................. ...........
75 1,351
$1,250-$1,499____ __________
27
1,393 1,318
84
37
62 1, 544
$1,500-$1,749____ __________
115
1,628 1, 566
$1,750-$1,999............................
123
27
1,838 1,796
42 1,861
37
2,096 2,003
93
$2,000-$2,249_____ _____ ___
114
See p. 176 for notes on this table.
* Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




668

1

21

1,120

221

66
110

102

88
201
20

1

6

88

2,100

-$230
—84
-4 3
34
63
146
172
329
265
546
767
944
2, 515

1

-230
-7 4
38
82
152
197
348
471

Average
not bal
ancing
differ
ence 4
(9)

—
—$66
—7
—
-66
-8
- 97
—122
14
43
40
-3 9

-22

-131
-123
-3 4
45
-7 2
153
161
273

(*)

-6
-5
-6
-4
-3
-3
28
16

-9
-9
-1 3

-6
-12
-123
-9

-8 2
-175
128
-4 1
322
205
669
949
957
, 54C

33
37
-2 6

-9 2
-2 8
38
-4 8
-8 2

-5
-5
-1 6
-1 7
-1 5

-1

2

-9
-1 9

-8
-21
-2 5
-8117

145

TABULAR SUMMARY
W EST CENTRAL, 2 M ID DLE-SIZED CITIES

I.— Balance of family income and expenditure: Num ber of eligible
fam ilies, number reporting expenditures, average net money and nonmoney income,

T able

average money expenditure for fa m ily living, net surplus or deficit, and balancing
difference, by occupation, fam ily type, and incom e , in 1 year, 1985-86 — Continued
Number of fam
ilies

Occupational group, family
type, and income class
(1)
Salaried business and pro
fessional—Con.
$2,250-$2,499.............................
$2,500-$2,999.............................
$3,000-$3,499.............................
$3,500-$3,999.................... .........
$4,000-$4,999........................
$5,000 and over........................
Family type: Type 1
$250-$499................................
$500-$749....................................
$750-$999__.................................
$1,000-$1,249..............................
$1,250-$1,499...........................
$1,500-$1,749.........................
$1,750-$1,999............................
$2,000~$2,249..............................
$2,250-$2,499..............................
$2,500-$2,999.................... .........
$3,000-$3,499...........................
$3,500-$3,999_..........................
$4,000-$4,999_.......................
$5,000 and over__......................
Types II and III
$250-$499....................................
$500-$749..............................
$750-$999....................................
$1,000“$1,249..............................
$1,250-$1,499.................... .........
$1,500-$1,749.............................
$1,750-$1,999.............................
$2,000-$2,249..............................
$2,250-$2,499...................... .......
$2,500-$2,999.............................
$3,000-$3,499..........................
$3,500-$3,999_...........................
$4,000-$4,999_______ ____
$5,000 and over_________ _
Types IV and V
$250-$499....................................
$500-$749....................................
$750-$999__........................... .
$1,000-$1,249_.......................
$1,250-$1,499_...........................
$1,500-$1,749..............................
$1,750-$1,999........................ .
$2,000-$2,249............................
$2,250-$2,499._............ .............
$2,500-$2,999_______________
$3,000-$3,499_.............. ............
$3,500-$3,999_...........................
$4,000-$4,999_............................
$5,000 and over____________

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)
(3)

Average net income
Total
(4)

Average Average
money
expendi net sur
or
Non ture for plus
family deficit
Money money
(
)
from living
housing
(0)
(5)
(7)
(8)

80
145
108
61
64
51

27
34
35
23
24
20

$2,385
2,723
3,242
3, 741
4,470
7,005

$2,306
2,601
3,171
3,579
4,247
6, 754

$79
122
71
162
223
251

$2,156
2,309
2,659
2,898
3, 269
4,333

$161
307
497
630
936
2,477

-$11
-1 5
15
51
42
-5 6

143
317
402
471
323
268
301
188
137
59
37
30
27
28

6
15
12
35
28
26
31
26
26
15
12
11
13
9

389
588
856
1.148
1,369
1,595
1,841
2,134
2,404
2,682
3,189
3,701
4,433
7,693

351
538
829
1,086
1,278
1,494
1,777
2,052
2,205
2,543
3,183
3,569
4,065
7,506

38
50
27
62
91
101
64
82
199
139
6
132
368
187

511
563
805
1,096
1,201
1,311
1,587
1,925
1,682
2,157
2, 566
2,386
2, 589
3,980

-150
-1 9
33
-5
64
183
212
131
509
372
560
1,124
1,443
3, 574

-1 0
-6
-9
-5
13
(*)-2 2
-4
14
14
57
59
33
-4 8

110
321
574
571
453
362
329
201
102
65
37
19
20
29

12
27
38
62
58
61
61
49
38
20
18
14
11
16

448
629
857
1,115
1,359
1, 612
1,846
2,116
2,354
2,734
3,195
3,694
4,495
6,410

416
595
834
1,101
1,302
1,573
1,782
2,018
2,261
2,565
3,059
3,495
4,345
6,136

32
34
23
14
57
39
64
98
93
169
136
199
150
274

682
661
881
1,087
1,286
1,579
1,597
1,830
1,939
2,235
2, 386
2,815
3,350
4,475

-263
-6 2
-4 0
18
27
-2
195
181
346
347
660
641
990
1,720

-3
-4
-7
-4
-11
-4
-1 0
7
-2 4
-1 7
13
39
5
-5 9

73
286
386
505
450
450
383
290
223
123
77
58
52
59

13
25
22
60
53
56
52
56
45
27
24
22
18
21

400
651
904
1,135
1,373
1,612
1,879
2,122
2,369
2,736
3, 256
3,767
4,386
7,015

379
605
849
1,063
1,299
1,533
1,801
2,020
2,238
2, 577
3,133
3, 572
4,042
6,718

21
46
55
72
74
79
78
102
131
159
123
195
344
297

721
793
981
1,085
1,293
1, 503
1,748
1,813
2,021
2,429
2,654
2,908
3,317
4,339

-337
-180
-127
-1 4
19
45
52
193
210
170
485
624
667
2,404

-5
-8
-5
-8
-1 3
-1 5
1
14
7
-2 2
-6
40
58
—25

See p. 176 for notes on this table.
* Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




Average
net bal
ancing
differ
ence

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

146

W EST C EN TR A L,

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D C IT IE S

1-A.—Net surplus or deficit: Percentage of fam ilies having a surplus or
deficit , and average amounts reported , by occupation , fa m ily type , and income , in 1
year , 1985-36 1

T able

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]

Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Eligible

0)
All families
$250-$499.........................................
$500-$749......................................$750-$999__.....................................
$1.000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499_.................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,500-$2,999............................. —
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999...............................
$4,000-$4,999_.............................
$5,000 and over.................. ...........
Occupational group: Wage
earner
$250-$499.........................................
$500-$749........................................
$750-$999........................................
$1,000~$1,249_____ ____________
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749........................... —
$1,750-$1,999........................... —
$2,000-$2,249_.................................
$2,250-$2,499___________ _____
Clerical
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999____ _____ __________
$1,000-$1,249_.................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749_.............................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249.________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________
Independent, business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249.................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749_............................. .
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249— ........................—
$2,250-$2,499_.................................
$2,500-$2,999_________________
$3,000-$3,499__...............................
$3,500-$3,999............................... ...
$4,000-$4,999-.............................
$5,000 and over.............................
Salaried business and

(2)

Reporting expenditures
(3)

Percentage of fami Average amount for
lies having *—
families having3—
Average
net sur
plus or
deficit
Surplus Deficit Surplus Deficit
(-)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

326
924
1,362
1,547
1,226
1,080
1,013
679
462
247
151
107
99
116

31
67
72
157
139
143
144
131
109
62
54
47
42
46

-$230
-8 4
-4 3
1
34
63
146
172
329
265
546
767
944
2,515

4
35
54
62
69
70
71
76
78
78
86
95
96
97

85
55
41
31
28
28
26
24
20
20
14
5
4
3

$22
68
63
106
154
236
299
345
489
439
771
886
993
2,630

$270
196
186
206
260
358
256
365
252
390
862
1,551
195
969

326
767
1,082
946
677
551
473
270
155

31
38
43
49
44
39
36
35
28

-230
-7 4
-2 2
38
82
152
197
348
471

38
60
69
77
78
73
95
84

4

85
53
36
23
20
20
27
5
12

22
65
65
101
151
266
343
381
599

270
186
169
142
173
278
201
274
287

157
280
314
319
273
302
221
145

29
29
41
33
34
42
36
28

-131
-123
-34
45
-7 2
153
161
273

20
32
56
60
61
80
71

66

77

62
36
36
39
17
29
23

95
47
99
166
189
241
322
399

199
146
141
115
74
82
102
43
46
35
65

36
35
33
39
23
26
28
19
24
18
26

-8 2
-175
-1
128
-4 1
322
205
669
949
957
2,546

44
51
63
71
48
74
72
85
95
97
97

51
46
35
24
52
26
21
15
5
3
3

140
169
215
346
240
551
486
907
1,004
1,008
2,644

280
562
388
490
299
326
684
647
100
500
1,115

88
84
115
123
114

31
27
37
27
37

-9 2
-2 8
38
-4 8
-8 2

43
69
63
43

57
27
37
49

108
126
196
196
317

240
426
228
272
592

229
244
151
477
238
240
154

222

professional

$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-SI,999......................... ..............
$2,000-$2,249............................. —
See p. 176 for notes on this table.




56

44

147

TABULAR SUMMARY
W EST CENTRAL, 2 M ID DLE-SIZED CITIES

1-A.— Net surplus or deficit: Percentage of fam ilies having a su rplus or
deficit, and average amounts reported, by occupation, fam ily type, and income, in 1
year, 1985-86 — Continued

T able

Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Eligible

0)
Salaried business and
professio nal—C on.
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,500-$2,999_.................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999_.................................
$4,000-$4,999..............- .................
$5,000 and over..............................
Family type: Type I
$250-$499.......................................
$500-$749...................... .................
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000—$1,249_________________
$1,250-$1,499_______ _________
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999___ ____ _________
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499_............ ....................
$2,500-$2,999..................................
$3,000-$3,499..................................
$3,500-$3,999___ ____ _________
$4,000-$4,999_________________
$5,000 and over_______________
Types II and III
$250-$499........................................
$500-$749........................................
$750-$999____________________
$1,000-$1,249______ ___________
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749____ _____________
$1,750-$1,999............ ......................
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999_____ ____ _______
$3,000-$3,499_.......... .....................
$3,500-$3,999_______________ —
$4,000-$4,999_________________
$5,000 and over_______________
Types IV and V
$250-$499.........................................
$500-$749........................................
$750-$999____________________
$1,000-$1,249_________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999______ ___________
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499______ ___________
$2,500-$2,999_________________
$3,000-$3,499..................................
$3,500-$3,999............ ...................
$4,000-$4,999_________________
$5,000 and o v e r ______________
See p. 176 for notes on this table.




(2)

Report
ing ex
pendi
tures
(3)

Percentage of fami Average amount for
lies having—
families having—
Average
net sur
plus or
deficit
Surplus Deficit Surplus Deficit
(->
(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

80
145
108
61
64
51

27
34
35
23
24
20

$161
307
497
630
936
2,477

70
82
87
95
95
96

143
317
402
471
323
268
301
188
137
59
37
30
27
28

6
15
12
35
28
26
31
26
26
15
12
11
13
9

—150
-1 9
33
-5
64
183
212
131
509
372
560
1,124
1,443
3,574

49
86
60
72
75
73
72
89
88
84
100
100
100

110
321
574
571
453
362
329
201
102
65
37
19
20
29

12
27
38
62
58
61
61
49
38
20
18
14
11
16

-263
-6 2
-4 0
18
27
-2
195
181
346
347
660
641
990
1,720

8
46
52
69
69
65
74
69
79
89
88
100
94
87

83
49
43
22
31
34
24
31
21
11
12
6
13

24
68
53
107
134
178
345
334
482
447
867
641
1,082
2,114

318
191
159
250
212
346
257
167
167
464
828
500
961

73
286
386
505
450
450
383
290
223
123
77
58
52
59

13
25
22
60
53
56
52
56
45
27
24
22
18
21

-337
-180
-127
-1 4
19
45
52
193
210
170
485
624
667
2,404

8
9
24
55
67
71
68
82
70
67
86
91
94
100

92
84
67
40
30
26
32
18
25
30
14
9
6

13
200
71
104
149
236
221
324
385
439
651
840
711
2,404

366
236
214
178
273
473
298
420
240
403
562
1,538
71

26
18
13
6
5
4
83
36
14
32
21
25
21
28
11
6
16

$342
410
718
799
985
2,613
45
69
103
187
303
338
393
625
431
928
1,124
1,443
3,574

$303
154
969
2,653
87
872
180
113
180
208
340
169
165
535
423
155
1,429

WEST CENTRAL, 2 M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES

T a b l e 2 .—

Summary of family expenditure:

Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services , by occupation, fam ily
type , and income , in 1 year , 1985-86 1

00

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]

Occupational group,
family typo, and
income class
(1)
All families
$250-$499 _____ __
$500-$749_....................
$750-$999._..................
$1,000-$1,249........
$1,250-$1,499_..............
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249_..............
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999...............
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000 and over..........




Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)

(3)

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family
(4)

(5)

Household
operation

Food

(6)

Fur
nish
ings Cloth Auto
Hous Fuel,
mo
ing
and ing bile3
light,
and Other equip
ment
refrig
eration
(9)
(7)
(10) (11) (12)
(8)

Con
Other Per Med
For tribu
tions
trans sonal ical Rocre- To Read mal and Othor
porta care care ation4 bacco ing educa per items
tion
tion sonal
taxes4
03)

(14)

(15)

(16)

07)

(18)

(19)

(20)

(21)

Average money expenditure in dollars
326
924
1,362
1, 547
1, 226
1,080
1, 013
679
462
247
151
107
99
116

31
67
72
157
139
143
144
131
109
62
54
47
42
46

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.3
3.5
3.6

616
668
887
1,089
1,266
1,481
1, 651
1,849
1,902
2,313
2,567
2,747
3,125
4, 287

242
279
359
399
447
468
511
525
583
589
651
657
730
927

119
120
126
156
160
194
220
229
225
270
363
326
308
422

64
74
92
1C5
126
128
137
141
151
175
167
150
185
225

25
22
30
45
57
64
79
87
93
143
138
189
282
386

17
8
26
32
44
49
65
66
53
68
116
57
68
130

46
47
77
102
123
152
172
222
214
266
314
369
440
519

14
28
29
76
100
134
163
180
201
291
263
285
297
510

3
5
11
6
7
11
9
20
15
23
16
20
23
30

14
15
20
25
31
34
37
41
43
50
53
56
64
72

25
26
44
51
51
83
87
113
84
104
108
167
129
230

9
7
14
24
26
45
40
60
54
77
94
129
144
176

8
13
17
21
24
30
32
37
37
36
46
49
53
66

7
6
9
10
12
14
16
17
16
19
22
22
24
29

3
4
3
6
10
13
15
16
28
46
43
63
50
60

9
12
21
28
44
55
. 63
89
102
154
169
194
318
480

11
2
9
3
4

7
5
6
3
2
4

14
10
25

WEST CENTRAL.—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Number of
families

Percentage of total money expenditures
326
924
1,362
1, 547
1,226
1,080
1,013
679
462
247
151
107
99
116

Occupational group:
Wage earner
326
$250-$499.....................
$500-$749...................
767
$750-$999— ................ 1,082
$1,000-11,249.............
946
$1,250-SI,499.............
677
$1,500-$1,749.............
551
$1,750-$1,999.............
473
$2,000-$2,249.........
270
$2,250-$2,499...............
155

31
67
72
157
139
143
144
131
109
62
54
47
42
46

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.3
3.5
3.6

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

39.2
41.9
40.6
36.7
35.3
31.7
31.1
28.5
30.6
25.4
25.4
23.9
23.4
21.7

19.3
18.0
14.2
14.3
12.6
13.1
13.3
12.4
11.7
11.7
14.1
11.9
9.9
9.8

10.4
11.1
10.4
9.6
10.0
8.7
8.3
7.6
8.0
7.6
6.5
5.5
5.9
5.2

4.0
3.3
3.4
4.1
4.5
4.3
4.8
4.7
4.9
6.2
5.4
6.9
9.0
9.0

7.5
7.1
8.7
9.4
9.7
10.3
10.4
12.0
11.3
11.5
12.2
13.4
14.1
12.1

2.3
4.1
3.2
7.0
7.9
9.0
9.9
9.7
10.6
12.6
10.2
10.4
9.5
11.9

0.5
.7
1.2
.6
.6
.7
.5
1.1
.8
1.0
.6
.7
.7
.7

2.3
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.3
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.1
2.0
2.0
1.7

4.0
3.9
5.0
4. 7
4.0
5.6
5.3
6.1
4.4
4.5
4.2
6.1
4.1
5.4

1.5
1.0
1.6
2.2
2.1
3.0
2.4
3.2
2.8
3.3
3.7
4.7
4.6
4.1

1.3
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.0
1.9
2.0
1.9
1.5
1.8
1.8
1.7
1.5

1.1
.9
1.0
.9
.9
.9
1.0
.9
.8
.8
.8
.8
.8
.7

0.5
.6
.3
.6
.8
.9
.9
.9
1.5
2.0
i.;
2.3
1.6
1.4

1.5
1.8
2.4
2.6
3.5
3.7
3.8
4.8
5.4
6.7
6.6
7.1
10.2
11.2

1.8
.3
1.0
.3
.3
.5
.3
.3
.2
.1
.2
.5
.3
.6

9
6
15
25
22
49
36
48
37

8
12
16
21
22
28
36
35
38

7
6
9
10
11
13
15
14
14

3
4
4
7
8
14
11
13
21

9
11
19
26
46
48
50
96
95

11
3
12
3
7
3
7
9
4

1.5
.9
1.7
2.4
1.8
3.5
2.3
2.8
2.1
O

1.3
1.9
1.8
2.0
1.8
2.0
2.3
2.1
2.2

1.1
.9
1.0
1.0
.9
.9
.9
.8
.8

0.5
.6
.5
.7
.6
1.0
.7
.8
1.2

1.5
1.7
2.2
2.5
3.7
3.5
3.1
5.6
5.5

1.8
.5
1.4
A
.6
.2
.4
.5
.2

Average money expenditure in dollars
31
38
43
49
44
39
36
35
28

3.1
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.7
3.6

616
648
865
l, 053
1,224
1,382
1,597
1, 712
1,737

242
278
357
398
446
456
524
507
617

119
114
120
142
145
156
192
204
168

65
73
88
99
122
129
127
130
152

25
21
28
39
50
59
73
68
70

$250-$499 ..................
326
31
$500-$749...................
767
38
$750-$999__................. 1,082
43
$1,000-$1,249...............
946
49
$1,253-11,499...............
677
44
$1,500-$1,749...............
551
39
$1,750-$1,999...............
473
36
$2,000-$2,249.........
270
35
$2,250-$2,499...............
155
28
See p. 176 for notes on this table.

17
7
29
31
45
43
77
69
42

46
43
73
96
120
143
160
220
198

14
28
25
75
100
125
151
123
150

3
5
12
5
7
9
9
22
13

13
14
19
25
30
34
37
42
41

25
23
39
51
43
73
92
111
79

Percentage of total money expenditures

Wage earner




2.7
1.2
2.9
2.8
3.5
3.3
3.9
3.6
2.8
2.9
4.5
2.0
2.2
3.0

3.1
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.7
3.6

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

39.3
42.9
41.3
37.7
36.5
33.0
32.8
29.6
35.6

19.3
17.6
13.9
13.5
11.8
11.3
12.0
11.9
9.7

10.5
11.3
10.2
9.4
10.0
9.3
8.0
7.6
8.8

4.0
3.2
3.2
3.7
4.1
4.3
4.6
4.0
4.0

2.8
1.1
3.4
2.9
3.7
3.1
4.8
4.0
2.4

7.5
6.6
8.4
9.1
9.8
10.3
10.0
12.8
11.3

2.3
4.3
2.9
7.1
8.2
9.1
9.5
7.2
8.6

0.5
.8
1.4
.5
0.6
.7
.5
1.3
.7

2.1
2.2
2.2
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.3
2.5
2.4

4.0
3.5
4.5
4.8
3.5
5.3
5.8
6.5
4.5

TABULAR SUMMARY

All families
$250-$499.............. .......
$500-$749_....................
$750-$999......................
$1,000-$1,249................
$1,250-$1,499................
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249...........
$2,250-$2,499................
$2,500-$2,999................
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000 and over..........

WEST CENTRAL, 2 M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES

T a b l e 2 .—

Summary of family expenditure:
Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services , by occupation, fam ily
type , and income , in 1 year , 1935-36 — Continued
Number of
families

0)

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Household
operation

Food

(6)

Con
Fur
nish
Other Per Med
For tribu
tions Other
Rec
To
Read
mal
ings Cloth Auto
Hous Fuel,
trans
sonal ical reation bacco ing educa and items
ing light,
and ing mo
per
bile porta
tion sonal
tion care care
and Other equip
ment
refrig
taxes
eration
(S)
(7)
(9) GO) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (IB) (19) (20) (21)
Average money expenditure in dollars

Clerical
$50Q-$749......................
$750-$999— ................
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749_______
$1,750-$1,999...........
$2,000-$2,249 ______
$2,250-$2,499_______

157
280
314
319
273
302
221
145

29
29
41
33
34
42
36
28

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.6
3.7
3.3
3.3
3.5

766
970
1,133
1,247
1,660
1,644
1,845
1,939

282
366
394
447
499
511
513
571

150
150
186
189
252
235
228
227

82
106
112
127
124
144
152
144

29
36
53
56
65
73
86
101

Clerical
$500-$749................—
$760-$999.....................
$1,000-$1,249_—..........
$1,250-$1,499..........—
$1,500-$!,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249................
$2,250-$2,499...............




13
12
23
36
60
58
66
63

64
91
111
109
172
175
229
219

30
46
99
79
159
148
186
212

7
6
6
7
14
10
20
21

18
25
25
29
36
37
41
43

39
62
40
60
96
80
106
100

10
10
20
27
43
42
64
58

14
22
20
27
28
25
36
33

7
9
11
14
15
16
18
17

3
3
6
13
18
17
16
18

18
25
25
27
60
69
79
110

1
2
(*)
19
4
5
2

1.3
1.0
1.8
2.2
2.6
2.6
3.5
3.0

1.8
2.3
1.8
2.2
1.7
1.5
2.0
1.7

0.9
.9
1.0
1.1
.9
1.0
1.0
.9

0.4
.3
.5
1.0
1.1
1.0
.9
.9

2.4
2.6
2.2
2.2
3.6
4.2
4.3
5.7

(*)
0.1
.2
(*)
1.1
.2
.3
.1

*)

Percentage of total money expenditures
157
280
314
319
273
302
221
145

29
29
41
33
34
42
36
28

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.6
3.7
3.3
3.3
3.5

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

O

36.7
37.7
34.8
35.8
30.0
31.1
27.8
29.4

19.6
15.5
16.4
15.2
15.2
14.3
12.3
11.7

10.7
10.9
9.9
10.2
7.5
8.8
8.2
7.4

3.8
3.7
4.7
4.5
3.9
4.4
4.7
5.2

1.7
1.2
2.0
2.9
3.6
3.5
3.6
3.3

8.4
9.4
9.8
8.7
10.4
10.6
12.4
11.3

3.9
4.8
8.7
6.3
9.6
9.0
10.0
10.9

0.9
.6
.5
.6
.8
.6
1.1
1.1

2.4
2.6
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.2

5.1
6.4
3.5
4.8
5.8
4.9
5.7
5.2

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family

Oi

tt
a
2
5
g
m

Average money expenditure in dollars
199
146
141
115
74
82
102
43
46
35
65

36
35
33
39
23
26
28
19
24
18
26

3.3
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.5
3.6
3.3
3.6
3.8

1,147
1,456
1,465
1,665
1,973
1,902
2,320
2,336
2, 547
2,863
4,250

422
476
478
479
590
519
600
585
640
644
960

156
154
195
202
201
234
207
334
303
205
380

118
140
129
131
158
147
165
158
157
192
238

34
52
40
59
69
30
90
69
79
40
168

111
154
149
200
195
233
273
285
348
478
512

41
127
122
166
265
228
377
279
260
258
497

7
9
7
7
n
9
20
7
24
10
22

24
33
31
38
42
44
52
47
59
59
68

69
64
74
93
98*
80
74
106
85
116
214

22
37
34
41
68
63
78
82
120
145
169

25
28
43
38
38
36
37
36
57
61
75

13
13
14
15
18
18
18
19
24
21
27

4
14
6
22
33
44
49
26
31
51
89

38
69
67
77
86
106
149
157
145
214
409

3
3
2
1
2
1
2
5
18
11
34

1.9
2.5
2.3
2.5
3.4
3.3
3.4
3.5
4.7
5.1
4.0

2.2
1.9
2.9
2.3
1.9
1.9
1.6
1.5
2.2
2.1
1.8

1.1
.9
1.0
.9
.9
.9
.8
.8
.9
.7
.6

0.3
1.0
.4
1.3
1.7
2.3
2.1
1.1
1.2
1.8
2.1

3.3
4.7
4.6
4.6
4.4
5.6
6.4
6.7
5.7
7.5
9.6

0.3
.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.2
.7
.4
.8

32
39
46
49
74
69
76
99
136
143
184

17
20
27
27
42
47
35
50
43
49
54

10
15
18
19
18
18
20
23
21
25
32

78
6
21
16
40
44
49
88
50
24

43
49
57
83
92
99
158
174
232
374
572

1
5
3
5
1
4
2
4
11
9
11

Percentage of total. money expenditures
199
146
141
115
74
82
102
43
46
35
65
88
84
115
123
114
80
145
108
61
64
51

36
35
33
39
23
26
28
19
24
18
26
31
27
37
27
37
27
34
35
23
24
20

3.3
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.5
3.6
3.3
3.6
3.8
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.3

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1,190
1,351
1,544
1,861
2,100
2,156
2,309
2,659
2,898
3,269
4,333

36.8
32.7
32.6
28.7
29.9
27.3
25.9
25.1
25.2
22.5
22.7
384
407
443
491
549
603
581
677
669
778
886

i

13.7
10.6
13.3
12.1
10.2
12.3
8.9
14.3
11.9
7.2
8.9

10.3
9.6
8.8
7.9
8.0
7.7
7.1
6.8
6.2
6.7
5.6

5.2
5.7
5.1
5.8
4.9
5.8
5.6
6.0
7.7
12.5
9.1

3.0
3.6
2.7
3.5
3.5
1.6
3.9
3.0
3.1
1.4
4.0

9.7
10.6
10.2
12.0
9.9
12.2
11.8
12.2
13.8
16.7
12.0

3.5
8.7
8.3
10.0
13.4
12.0
16.2
12.0
10.2
9.0
11.7

0.6
.6
.5
.4
.7
.5
.8
.3
.9
.3
.5

2.1
2.3
2.1
2.3
2.1
2.3
2.2
2.0
2.3
2.1
1.6

6.0
4.4
5.1
5.6
5.0
4.2
3.2
4.5
3.3
4.0
5.0

Average money expenditure in dollars
200
183
233
302
310
323
315
374
342
366
476

105
136
137
162
137
164
181
170
145
181
208

•Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.
See p. 176 for notes on this table.




60
83
74
96
97
110
129
141
197
358
388

54
64
74
101
125
106
154
137
182
241
383

61
62
64
40
54
80
53
136
41
83
82

119
142
153
186
233
220
261
325
384
419
527

75
113
131
245
248
249
229
258
304
317
526

8
10
12
12
18
14
25
19
17
30
41

29
37
33
38
40
48
50
56
55
67
76

44
62
107
80
143
72
125
108
228
137
251

TABULAR SUMMARY

Independent business
and professional
$1,000-$1,249________
$lj250-$l,499________
$1,500-$1,749................
$1,760-11,999_______
$2,000-$2,249____. __
$2,250-$2,499_..............
$2,500-12,999...............
$3,000-$3,499........ .
$3,500-13,999...............
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000 and over..........
Independent business
and professional
$1,000-$1,249_..............
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-11,999...............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999_______
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000 and over........ .
Salaried business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249............
$1,250-$1,499_______
$1,500-11,749...............
$1,750-$1,999_..............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499_..............
$2,500-$2,999_______
$3,000-$3,499_..............
$3,500-$3,999_..............
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000 and over_____

CJI

WEST CENTRAL, 3 M ID DLE-SIZED CITIES
T a b l e 2 . — Sum m ary

of fam ily expenditure:

A vera g e m o n ey e x p e n d itu re f o r sp e c ifie d g ro u p s o f go ods a n d se rv ic e s, b y o c c u p a tio n , f a m i ly
ty p e , a n d in c o m e , in 1 y e a r , 1 9 S 5 -3 6 —Continued

Number of
families

0

)

Salaried business and
projessional
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499_..............
$2,500-$2,999...............
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999__............
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000 and over..........
Family type: Type I
$250-$499......................
$500-$749._.................
$750-$999.....................
$1,000-$1,249_.............
$1,250-$1,499_______
$1,750-$1,999_..............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499
$2,500-$2,999...............




Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2 )

(3)

(4)

(5)

Household
operation

Food

(6)

Fur
nish
Hous Fuel,
ings Cloth Auto
mo
ing light,
and ing bile
and Other equip
ment
refrig
eration
(8)
00)
(9)
(7)
CD ( 1 2 )

Con
Other Per Med
For tribu
tions
Rec To Read mal and Othor
trans
ical reation
porta sonal
bacco ing educa per items
care
care
tion
tion sonal
taxttf
(13)

14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

(18)

2.7
2.9
3.0
2 .6
3.5
3.2
3.3
3.7
4.7
4.4
4.2

1.4
1.5
1.7
1.5

0 .8
1.1
1 .2
1 .0

2 .0

.9

2 .2

.8

(19)

(20)

0.7
.5
.4

3.6
3.6
3.7
4.5
4.4
4.6
6.8
6.5
8.0
11.5
13.2

(2 1 )

Percentage of total money expenditures
88

84
115
123
114
80
145
108
61
64
51

31
27
37
27
37
27
34
35
23
24

20

3.2
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.3

10 0.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

32.4
30.2
28.6
26.5
26.1
27.9
25.3
25.5
23.0
23.8
20.5

16.8
13.5
15.1
16.2
14.7
15.0
13.6
14.1

1 1 .8
11 .2
11 .0

8.8
1 0 .1

8.9
8.7
6.5
7.6
7.8
6.4
5.0
5.5
4.8

4.5
4.7
4.8
5.4
5.9
4.9
6.7
5.1
6.3
7.4

8.8

5.1
4.6
4.1
2 .1
2 .6

3.7
2 .2
5.1
1.4
2.5
1.9

10.5
9.9

6.3
8.4
8.6
13.2

10 .2

1 1 .6

10 .0
10 .0
1 1 .1

11.3
1 2 .2
13.3

12 .8
1 2 .2

1 1 .8

9.9
9.7
10.5
9.7

12 .1

0.7
.7
.8
.6
1 .0

.7
1 .1
.7
.6
.9
.9

2.4
2.7

2 .1
2 .0

1.9

2 .2
2 .2
2 .1

1,9

2 .0
1 .8

3.7
4.6
6.9
4.3
6.8

3.3
5.4
4.1
7.9
4.2
5.S

1.5
1.9
1.5
1.5

1 .2

.9
.9
.7
.8
.7

1.1
.8

1.9
1.9
1 .8
3.0
1.5
.6

0 .1

.4
.3
(*)
.2

.2
.1
.2

.4
.3
.3

Average money expenditure in dollars
143
317
402
471
323
268
301
188
137
59

6
15
35
28
26
31
26
26
15
12

2 .0
2 .0
2 0
2 .0
2 .0

.

2 .0
2 .0
2 .0

2.0
2.0

511
563
805
1,096
1 , 201
1, 311
1,587
1,925
1,682
2,157

199
221
338
374
385
396
444
469
499
430

97
114
174
163
177
236
290
224
259
122

51
66
89
105
118
114
131
118
124
153

27
22
30
48
61
66
88

103
116
155

10

4
15
42
38
59
84
52
58
57

27
29
60
81
105

16
26
17
117
127

10 1

179
272
190
480

130
138
163

220

12 1

3
7
14
8
8

16
7
12
11
24

13
12
17
22
26
32
36
38
35
30

21
4
23
4
35
10
41 *- i3
15
48
49
58
98
28
94
64
89
37
68
40

4
13
24
28
31
36
49
28
14
22

8

7

10
10
12

16
19
18
16
19

(*)
1
(*)

9
15
24
33
55
74
66
123
116
263

22

(*)

2

4

12

5

2
2

to

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family

Oi

$3,000-$3,499__...........
$3,500-$3,999_..............
$4,000-$4,999 .............
$5,000 and over_____

Types II and III
$250-$499......................
$50O-$749_............ .......
$750-$999......................
$1,000-$1,249___..........
$l,250-$l,499-__..........
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999.........
$2,000-$2,249_______
$2,250-$2,499_______
$2,500-$2,999__............
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999_______
$4,000-$4,999__............
$5,000 and over_____

12
11
13
9

2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0

2,566
2,386
2,589
3,980

530
559
554
789

497
325
258
474

118
118
141
234

258
29
83
55

310
316
322
385

226
226
256
714

13
38
16
44

48 ' 79
50
53
58
97
60 136

82
101
136
85

35
49
54
51

26
25
29
24

0.8
.7
1.2
1.2
1.3
4.4
1. 8
3.3
2. 2
1.8
3.2
4.2
5.3
2.1

0.8
2.3
2. 7
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.3
2.5
1.7
.6
1.4
2.1
2.1
1.3

1.6
1.2
1.2
.9
1.0
1. 2
1. 2
.9
1. 0
.9
1.0
1.0
1.1
.6

13
8
14
29
28
52
44
64
69
80
87
158
163
308

13
8
16
21
20
31
32
34
40
50
56
31
71
84

6
5
9
10
12
14
14
18
16
19
20
23
25
33

2

200
296
304
601

4
13
17
3

Percentage of total money expenditures
143
317
402
471
323
268
301
188
137
59
37
30
27
28

6
15
12
35
28
26
31
26
26
15
12
11
13
9

2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2. 0
2.0
2.0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

39.0
39.3
42.1
34.1
32.0
30.3
28.0
24.4
29.7
20.0
20.6
23.5
21.5
19.8

19.0
20.2
15.2
15.9
13.6
13.6
14.9
15.1
13.3
12.0
19.4
13.6
10.0
11.9

10.0
11. 7
11.1
9.6
9.8
8.7
8. 2
6.1
7.4
7.1
4.6
4.9
5.4
5.9

5.3
3.9
3. 7
4.4
5.1
5.0
5.5
5.4
6.9
7.2
5.4
7.9
10.2
8.2

1.8
.7
1.9
3.8
3.2
4.5
5.3
2.7
3.4
2.6
10.0
1.2
3. 2
1.4

5.3
5.3
7.5
7.4
8.7
7.7
8. 2
11.4
8. 2
7.5
12.1
13.3
12.4
9.7

3.1
4.6
2.1
10.7
10.6
9.2
11.3
14.1
11.3
22.3
8.8
9.5
9.9
17.9

0.6
1.2
1. 7
.7
.7
1.2
.4
.6
.6
1.1
.5
1. 6
.6
1.1

2.5
2.1
2.1
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.3
2.0
2.1
1.4
1.9
2.1
2.2
1.5

4.1
4.1
4.3
3.7
4.0
3. 7
6.2
4.9
5.3
3.2
3.1
2. 2
3.7
3.4

(*)
0.1
(*)
.1

1.8 4.3
2. 7 (*)
.2
3.0
.4
3.0
1.0
4.5
.1
5.6
.3
4.1
.1
6.4
6.9 (*)
12.2
.1
.1
7.8
12.4
.5
.7
11.7
.1
15.1

Average money expenditure in dollars
110
321
574
571
453
362
329
201
102
65
37
19
20
29

12
27
38
62
58
61
61
49
38
20
18
14
11
16

3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.2
3.5

682
661
881
1,087
1,283
1, 579
1,597
1,830
1,939
2, 235
2,386
2,815
3,350
4,475

274
288
341
408
454
484
527
561
574
587
661
693
715
921

119
114
129
149
161
213
211
219
238
317
310
368
399
374

72
72
89
103
127
128
131
140
150
159
173
191
176
233

22
19
24
42
58
69
69
96
107
192
138
261
280
445

33
6
41
33
55
61
67
77
64
65
94
82
83
137

58
49
77
103
129
176
173
198
229
259
279
311
370
627

9
39
51
71
106
157
146
164
233
201
203
269
354
415

3
5
6
3
6
6
8
14
9
12
24
8
26
33

14
15
19
25
32
34
36
38
40
51
49
52
53
80

31
18
44
59
49
100
76
112
65
102
104
125
211
189

4
3
2
5
7
7
10
10
15
24
27
30
23
48

10
11
17
24
39
43
51
71
87
114
15.
211
398
537

1
1
2
1
3
4
2
14
3
3
5
2
3
8

153

•Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.
See p. 176 for notes on this table.




138
188
264
325

TABULAR SUMMARY

Type 1
$250-$499....................
$500-$749__________
$750-$999________
$1,000-$1,249_______
$1,250-$1,499_______
$1,500-$1,749_______
$1,750-$1,999_______
$2,000-$2,249_______
$2,250-$2,499_.............
$2,500-$2,999_______
$3,000-$3,499_______
$3,500-$3,999_______
$4,000-$4,999_______
$5,000 and over_____

37
30
27
28

W EST CENTRAL, 2 M ID DLE-SIZED CITIES
T a b l e 2 .—

‘

S um m ary of fam ily expenditure: Average m oney expenditure fo r specified groups of goods and services , by occupation , fa m ily
type , and incom e , in 1 year , 193 5-86 —

Number of
families

(1)
Types II and III
$250-$499......................
$500-$749___________
$750-$999......................
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499_______
$1,500-$1,749_______
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-82,249 ______
|2,250-$2,499_______
$2,500-$2,999_______
$3,000-$3,499 ______
$3^0O-$3,999 _____
$4,000-34,999_______
$6,000 and over-------

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)

(3)

G)

(5)

Household
operation

Food

(6)

Fur
nishmgs Cloth Auto
Hous Fuel,
mo
and
ing light,
equip ing bile
and Other ment
refrig
eration
(8)
(7)
(9) (10) CD (12)

12
27
38
62
68
61
61
49
38
20
18
14
11
16

3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.2
3.5

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

40.3
43.6
38.8
37.4
35.4
30.6
33.0
30.6
29.5
26.3
27.7
24.7
21.3
20.6

17.4
17.2
14.6
13.7
12.5
13.5
13.2
12.0
12.3
14.2
13.0
13.0
11.9
8.3

10.6
10.9
10.1
9.5
9.9
8.1
8.2
7.6
7.7
7.1
7.3
6.8
5.2
5.3

3.2
2.9
2.7
3.9
4.5
4.4
4.3
5.2
5.5
8.6
5.8
9.2
8.3
9.9




(13)

(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

(18)

(19)

(20)

1.9
1.2
L6
2.7
2.2
3.3
2.8
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.6
5.6
4.9
6.9

1.9
1.2
1.8
1.9
1.6
2.0
2.0
1.9
2.1
2.2
2.3
LI
2.1
1.9

0.9
.8
1.0
.9
.9
.9
.9
1.0
.8
.8
.8
.8
.7
.7

0.6
.4
.2
.5
.5
.4
.6
.5
.8
1.1
1.1
1.1
.7
LI

1.5
1.7
1.9
2.2
3.0
2.7
3.2
3.9
4.5
5.1
6.5
7.5
11.9
12.0

0.1
.2
.2
.1
.2
.2
.1
.8
.2
.1
.2
.1
.1
.2

13
9
18
29
31

6
18
14
18
24

7
6
9
11
12

6
8
9
13
20

11
22
29
41

6

5
6
29
3
1

(21)

4.8
.9
4.7
3.0
4.3
3.9
4.2
4.2
3.3
2.9
3.9
3.0
2.5
3.1

8.5
7.4
8.7
9.8
10.0
1L1
10.8
10.8
11.8
11.6
11.7
11.0
11.1
14.0

1.3
5.8
5.8
6.5
8.2
10.0
9.1
9.0
12.0
9.0
8.6
9.6
10.6
9.3

0.4
.8
.7
.2
.5
.4
.5
.8
.5
.5
L0
.3
.8
.7

2.1
2.3
2.2
2.3
2.5
2.2
2.3
2.1
2.1
2.3
2.1
L8
1.6
1.8

4.5
2.7
5.0
5.4
3.8
6.3
4.8
6.1
3.3
4.6
4.4
4.4
6.3
4.2

Average money expenditure in dollars

Types IV and V
$250-$499— ................
$5OO-$740.....................
$750-$999______ .
$1,Q00-$1,249_______
$1,250-$1,499_______

Con
For tribu
Other
trans Per Med Rec To Read mal tions Other
porta sonal ical reation bacco ing educa and items
tion per
tion care care
sonal
taxes

Percentage of total money expenditures
110
321
674
671
463
362
329
201
102
65
37
19
20
29

73
286
386
506
450

13
26
22
60
53

4.5
4.3
4.4
4.4
4.4

721
793
981
1,085
1,293

278
334
409
W
486

164
133
126
147
157

78
85
1QP
107
131

27
26
38
46
52

7
14
12
18
39

65
64
93
118
129

^

Continued

19
18
9
45
73

3
5
15
7
8

14
17
25
28
33

23
39
53
50
56

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family

Oi

$1,500-$1,749_______
$1,750-$1,999_______
$2,000-$2,249_______
$2,250-$2,499_______
$2,500-$2,999_______
$3,000-$3,499. _____
$3,500-$3,999_______
$4,000-$4,999_______
$5,000 and over..........

56
52
56
45
27
24
22
18
21

1,503
1,748
1,813
2,021
2,429
2,654
2,908
3,317
4, 339

499
550
536
638
666
704
696
828
996

188
214
197
220
251
323
312
299
421

137
146
157
167
193
188
154
211
215

59
81
70
72
113
137
165
293
386

34
48
66
45
76
59
60
55
163

164
205
240
253
320
332
415
528
530

122
166
131
193
247
310
319
295
460

10
11
30
20
28
13
15
25
22

35
39
46
50
60
58
61
72
74

90
89
127
91
121
124
240
115
295

32
46
54
57
92
104
133
140
153

28
28
32
43
39
47
55
46
64

13
15
15
16
19
22
21
21
30

27
31
31
51
80
69
107
87
94

52
70
79
101
122
160
137
294
395

13
9
2
4
2
4
18
8
41

1.8
1.1
1.8
2,7
2.4
2.1
2.6
3.0
2.8
3.8
3.9
4.6
4.2
3.5

0.8
2.3
1.4
1.7
1.9
1.9
1.6
1.8
2.1
1.6
1.8
1.9
1.4
1.5

1.0
.8
.9
1.0
.9
.9
.9
.8
.8
.8
.8
.7
.6
.7

0.8
1.0
.9
1.2
1.5
1.8
1.8
1.7
2.5
3.3
2.6
3.7
2.6
2.2

0.8
1.4
2.2
2.7
3.2
3.5
4.0
4.4
5.0
5.0
6.0
4.7
8.9
9.1

0.7
.8
3.0
.3
.1
.9
.5
.1
.2
.1
.2
.6
.2
.9

Percentage of total money expenditures
73
286
386
505
450
450
383
290
223
123
77
58
52
59

13
25
22
60
53
56
52
56
45
27
24
22
18
21

See p. 176 for notes on this table.




4.4
4.3
4.4
4.4
4.3
4.2
4.0
4.4
4.3

4.5
4.3
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.3
4 .4
4.4
4,3
4.2
4.0
4.4
4.3

100.0
100.0
100.0
1O&S0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100,0
100.0
100.0

38.6
42.1
41.8
38.3
37.6
33.1
31.5
29.6
31.7
27.3
26.5
23.9
25.0
22.9

22.8
16.8
12.9
13.6
12.1
12.5
12.3
10.9
10.9
10.3
12.2
10.7
9.0
9.7

10.8
10.7
10.2
91. 9
10.1
9.1
8.4
8.6
8.3
8,0
7.1
5.3
6.4
5.0

3.8
3.3
3.9
4.2
4.0
3.9
4.6
3.9
3.6
4.7
5.2
5.7
8.8
8.9

1.0
1.8
1.2
1.7
3.0
2.3
2.7
3.6
2.2
3.1
2.2
2.1
1.6
3.8

9.0
8.1
9.5
10.9
10.0
10.9
11.8
13.2
12.6
13.2
12.5
14.3
15.9
12.2

2.6
2.2
.9
4.1
5.7
8.2
9.4
7.3
9.3
10.1
11.6
10-9
8.9
10.6

0.4
.6
1.5
.6
.6
.7
.6
L6
1.0
1.2
.5
.5
.8
.5

1.9
2.1
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.3
2.2
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.2
2.1
2.2
1.7

3.2
4.9
5.4
4.5
4.3
5.9
5.1
7.0
4.5
5.0
4.7
8.3
3.5
6.8

TABULAR SUMMARY

Types IV and V
$250-$499___________
$500-$749___________
$750-$999__________
$1,000-$1,249_______
$1,250-$1,499_______
$1,500-$1,749_______
$1,750-$1,999_______
$2,000-$2,248. _____
$2,250-$2,499_______
$2,500-$2,999_______
$3,000-$3,499_______
$3,500-$3,999_______
$4,000-$4,999-............
$5*000 and over_____

450
383
290
223
123
77
58
52
59

Cn
Cn

156

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
W EST CEN TR AL, 2 M ID D L E -SIZ E D CITIES

3 . — F o o d : A verage value of all fa m ily food, m oney expenditure fo r food at
home and aw ay from home, average value of food hom e-produced or received as
gift or p a y, and m oney expense per m eal per food expenditure u n it, by occupation,
fa m ily type, and incom e in 1 year, 1935—86

T able

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native bom]
of Average
Average expenditure Percentage
value of Average
for food purchased expenditure
for food
food money
Average
Occupational
home- expendi
value
per
group, family
pro ture
of all
meal
type, and income
duced per
family
Report
food
class
Away or re
ex
food
At Away
from At from ceived expendi
Eligible ing
All home
pendi
home1 home home as gift uture
tures
n it2
or pay
(4)
(2)
(3)
(5) (6)
(7)
(8)
GO)
(9)
(1)
(ID
Number of fami
lies

A ll families
$250-$499..................
326
31
$500-$749..................
924
67
$750~$999_................ 1, 362
72
$1,000-$1,249______ 1, 547
157
$1,250-$1,499______ 1,226
139
$1,500-$1,749______ 1,080
143
$1,750-$1,999______ 1,013
144
$2,000-$2,249______
679
131
$2,250-$2,499__........
462
109
$2.500-$2,999__........
62
247
$3,000-$3,499______
151
54
$3,500-$3,999______
47
107
$4,000-$4,999______
99
42
$5,000 and over___
116
46
Occupational group:
Wage earner
$250-$499..................
326
31
$500-$749..................
767
38
$750-$999____ ____ 1, 082
43
$1,000-$1,249______
946
49
$1,250-$1,499______
44
677
$1,500-$1,749.......... .
551
39
$1,750-$1,999______
473
36
270
$2,000-$2,249______
35
$2,250-$2,499______
155
28
Clerical
$500-$749_............ .
157
29
$750-$999_________
280
29
$1,000-$1,249______
314
41
$1,25(>-$l,499______
319
33
$1,500-$1,749........ .
273
34
302
42
$1,750-$1,999............
221
$2,000-$2,249...........
36
$2,250-$2,499______
145 1
28
See p. 176 for notes on this table.




$278
296
369
415
457
491
523
533
607
614
660
661
739
935

$242
279
359
399
447
468
511
525
583
589
651
657
730
927

$227
274
339
374
412
424
467
451
512
516
578
557
669
763

$15
5
20
25
35
44
44
74
71
73
73
100
61
164

93.8
98.2
94.4
93.7
92.2
90.6
91.4
85.9
87.9
87.6
88.8
84.8
91.6
82.3

6.2
1.8
5.6
6.3
7.8
9.4
8.6
14.1
12.1
12.4
11.2
15.2
8.4
17.7

$36
17
10
16
10
23
12
8
24
25
9
4
9

8

$0,078
.085
.115
.124
.132
.132
.152
.145
.171
.153
.182
.181
.178
.215

278
295
367
419
455
487
532
514
627

242
278
357
398
446
456
524
507
617

227
274
336
371
408
406
500
440
527

15
4
21
27
38
50
24
67
90

93.8
98.6
94.1
93.2
91.5
89.0
95.4
86.8
85.4

6.2
1.4
5.9
6.8
8.5
1L0
4.6
13.2
14.6

36
17
10
21
9
31
87
10

.078
.083
.114
.122
.131
.127
.153
.133
.184

296
374
398
458
514
534
522
601

282
366
394
447
499
511
513
571

270
350
376
420
453
445
430
524

12
16
18
27
46
66
83
47

95.7
95.6
95.4
94.0
90.8
87.1
83.8
91.8

4.3
4.4
4.6
6.0
9.2
12.9
16.2
8.2

14
8
4
11
15
23
9
30

.094
.119
.121
.128
.143
.159
.149
.169

157

TABULAR SUMMARY
W EST CENTR AL, 2 M ID D L E -SIZE D CITIES

— Food:

A v era g e va lu e o f a ll f a m i ly fo o d , m o n e y e x p e n d itu re fo r fo o d at
h om e a n d a w a y fr o m h o m e, avera ge va lu e o f fo o d h o m e -p ro d u ce d or received a s
g ift or p a y , a n d m o n e y ex p e n se p e r m ea l p e r fo o d e x p e n d itu re u n it, b y o c c u p a tio n ,
f a m ily ty p e , a n d in c o m e in 1 y e a r, 1 9 3 5 - 3 6 —Continued

T able

3,

of Average
Average expenditure Percentage
value of Average
for food purchased expenditure
money
for food
food expend
Average
Occupational
home- iture
value
per
group, family
pro
of all
type, and income
duced permeal
Report family
food
Away
Away
or
re
class
ex»- food
At from At from ceived expendi
All home
Eligible ing
penditure
home home home as gift unit
tures
or pay
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(10)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(9)
(11)
(1)
Number of fami
lies

Independent busi
ness and profes
sional
36
$1,000-$1,249._........
199
$**28 $422 $395
$1,250-$1,499............
146
35
483 476 433
141
33
$1.500-$1,749........ 490 478 457
$1,750-$1,999.......... .
39
115
488 479 417
74
23
$2,000-$2,249______
597 590 470
82
26
570 519 458
$2,250-$2,499..........
$2,500-$2,999______
102
620 600 512
28
590 585 519
$3,000-13,499______
43
19
46
24
641 640 532
$3,500-$3,999______
$4,000-$4,999______
18
651 644 591
35
$5,000 and over___
26
963 960 804
65
Salaried business
and professional
$1,000-$1,249______
31
407 384 354
88
84
$1,250-$1,499______
428 407 379
27
$1,500-$1,749______
115
37
458 443 406
502 491 443
$1,750-$1,999______
123
27
$2,000-$2,249______
114
558 549 503
37
$2,250-$2,499______
80
27
614 603 517
$2,500-$2,999______
145
34
610 581 519
$3,000-$3,499______
108
35
688 677 601
$3,500-$3,999______
61
23
675 669 576
$4,000-$4,999______
64
24
788 778 712
900 886 713
$5,000 and over___
51
20
Family type:
Type I
6
209 199 179
$250-$499.............. 143
232 221 211
317
15
$500-$749__........ —
402
12
338 338 307
$750-$999_________
384 374 344
$1,000-$1,249______
471
35
$1,250-$1,499_..........
395 385 349
323
28
26
399 396 340
$1,500-$1,749______
268
470 444 408
301
31
$1,750—$! ,999______
$2,000-$2,249______
188
26
474 469 374
510 499 427
137
26
$2,250-$2,499______
435 430 398
$2,500-$2,999______
59
15
$3,000-$3,499______
12
535 530 436
37
30
561 559 462
$3,500-33,999______
11
$4,000-$4,999______
558 554 483
27
13
794 789 604
$5,000 and over___
28
9
* Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than
See p. 176 for notes on this table.




$27
43
21
62
120
61
88
66
108
53
156

93.6
91.0
95.6
87.1
79.7
88.3
85.3
88.7
83.1
91.8
83.8

6.4
9.0
4.4
12.9
20.3
11.7
14.7
11.3
16.9
8.2
16.2

$67
12
9
7
51
20
5
1
7
3

$0.133
.149
.135
.140
.185
.149
.158
.160
.176
. 158
.197

30
28
37
48
46
86
62
76
93
66
173

92.2
93. 1
91.6
90.2
91.6
85.7
89.3
88.8
86. 1
91.5
80.5

7.8
6.9
8.4
9.8
8.4
14.3
10.7
11.2
13.9
8.5
19.5

23
21
15
11
9
11
29
11
6
10
14

.127
.123
.128
.140
.159
.171
.149
.190
.185
. 189
.238

20 89.9 10.1
10 95.5 4.5
31 90.8 9.2
30 92.0 8.0
9.4
36 90.6
56 85.9 14.1
36 91.9 8.1
95 79.7 20.3
72 85.6 14.4
32 92.6 7.4
94 82.3 17.7
97 82.6 17.4
71 87.2 12.8
185 76.6 23.4
0.1 are not shown.

10
11
(*)
10
10
3
26
5
11
5
5
2
4
5

.090
.098
.155
.167
.169
.173
.198
.198
.236
.173
.241
.233
.211
.296

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

158

WEST CENTRAL, 2 MIDDLE-SIZED CITIES

T

—Food: A verage value of all fa m ily food , m oney expenditure fo r food at
home and aw ay fro m home , average value of food hom e-produced or received as
gift or p a y , and m oney expense per m eal per food expenditure u n it , by occupation ,
fa m ily ty p e , and incom e in 1 yearf 1 93 5-36 —Continued

able

3.

of Average
Average expenditure Percentage
value of Average
for food purchased expenditure
for food
food money
Average
Occupational
home- expendi
value
per
group, family
pro ture
of all
meal
type, and income
duced per
family
Report
food
Away
Away
class
or re expendi
ex food
At from At from ceived
All home
Eligible ing
pendi
ture
home home home as gift unit
tures
or pay
(5)
(6)
(8)
(7)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(9)
GO)
(1)
(11)
Number of fami
lies

Types II and III
$250-$499..................
$500-$749..................
$75G~$999..................
$1;000-$1,249-..........
$1,250~$1,499_..........
$1,500-$1,749............
$1,750-$1,999_..........
$2,000-$2,249...........
$2,250-$2,499_..........
$2,500-$2,999_..........
$3,000-$3,499__........
$3,500-$3,999............
$4,000-$4,999............
$5,000 and over-----Types IV and V
$250-$499..................
$500-$749..................
$750-$999..................
$1,000-$1,249_..........
$1,250-$1,499.......... .
$1,500-$1,749............
$1,750-$1,999............
$2,000-$2,249............
$2,250-$2,499______
$2,500-$2,999______
$3,000-$3.499______
$3,500-13,999...........
$4,000-$4,999_..........
$5,000 and over____

110
321

574
571
453
362
329

201
102
65
37
19
29

20

73
286
386
505
450
450
383
290
223
123
77
58
52
59

See p. 176 for notes on this table.




12

27
38
62
58
61
61
49
38

20
18
111416
13
25
60
53
56
52
56
45
27
24
18

22

22
21

$304
297
350
419
462
504
534
568
590
597
681
694
715
930

$274
288
341
406
454
484
627
561
574
587
661
693
715
921

$260
285
328
385
419
440
465
496
526
534
581
611
663
775

373
366
429
440
499
536
556
546
673
709
710
701
843
1,004

278
334
409
416
486
499
550
536
638

270
331
389
392
451
463
516
469
559
562
644
589
768
834

666
704
696
828
998

$14
3
13
35
44
62
65
48
53
80
82
52
146

21

8
20243

35
36
34
67
79
104
60
107
60
162

1.0

94.9
99.0
96.2
94.8
92.3
90.9
88.4
91.8
91.0
87.9
92.7
84.1

5.1
3.8
5.2
7.7
9.1

7.3
15.9

97.1
99.1
95.1
94.2
92.8
92.8
93.8
87.5
87.6
84.4
91.5
84.7
92.8
83.8

2.9
0.9
4.9
5.8
7.2
7.2
12.5
12.4
15.6
8.5
15.3
7.2
16.2

88.2 11.6
11.8
8.4
9.0
88.2 12.1
11.8

6.2

$30
9
9
13

8
207
7
16
10
201
9

95
32
24
13
37

20
106
65
15
8

35
43

$0.076
.082
.103
.118
.130
.134
.148
.155
.157
.146
.180
.176
.177
.207
.060
.073
.091
.090
.107
.107
.103
.137
.147
.154
.156
.162
.181

.120

159

TABULAR SUMMARY
W EST CENTRAL, 2 M ID DLE-SIZED CITIES

4.— H ou sing: Average value of housing secured with and without money
expenditure, by occupation, family type, and income, in 1 yeart 1935-36

T able

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Number of
families
Occupational
group, family
type, and in
come class
(1)

Re
port
Eli ing
ex
gible pendi
tures
(2)

(3)

Aver
age
value
of all
housing
plus
fuel,
light,
and re
friger
ation
(4)

Aver
age
ex
pense
for
fuel,
light,
and
refrig
era
tion
(5)

Average value of housing secured *
Per
centage
Aver
of hous
age
ing
money
Without
value With
value
expenditure
money expenditure secured
of all
hous
without
ing All Fam Other
money
Rent expend
Owned
hous ily hous Total home * as pay iture 4
ing home3 ing3
or gift
(13)
(6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)

A ll families
$32
$221 $64 $151 $119 $119
31
$260-$499_„........
326
43
'245
924
67
74 163 120 120 (•)
$500-$749______
253
33
72
92 159 126 126
$750-$999______ 1,362
48
311 105 204 156 156 (*)
157
$1,000-$1,249---- b547
360 126 233 160 160 H
73
$1,250-$1,499— _ 1,226 139
394 128 265 194 193 $1 71
$1,500-$1,749___ 1,080 143
427 137 289 220 218
2 69
144
$1,750-$1,999___ 1,013
7 95
$2,000-$2,249___
466 141 324 229 222
679 131
4 143
520 151 368 225 221
462 109
$2,250-$2,499___
62
603 175 427 270 261
9 157
$2,600-$2,999___
247
54
7 97
628 167 460 363 356
$3,000-$3,499
161
654 150 504 326 316 10 178
$3,500-$3,999___
47
107
42
805 185 620 308 293 15 312
$4,000-$4,999___
99
912 225 687 422 383 39 265
$5,000 and over46
116
Occupational
group: Wage
earner
32
326
31
222
$250-$499............
65 151 119 119
48
244
$500-$749 ____
73 162 114 114
767
38
32
120
43
242
$750-$999______ 1,082
88 152 120
46
$1,000-$1,249— „ 946
49
290
99 188 142 142 (*)
145
72
44
340
145
$1,250-$1,499— _ 677
122 217
364 129 234 156 156 (*)
39
78
$1,600-$1,749— _ 551
1 70
$1,750-$1,999---389 127 262 192 191
473
36
1 55
391
$2,000-$2,249---270
35
130 259 204 203
1 154
475 152 322 168 167
$2,250-$2,499---155
28
Clerical
$*no-$749
21
255
82 171 150 150
29
157
$7fin-$QQ«
38
280
29
295 106 188 150 150 C )
$1,000-$1,249____ 314
27
41
326 112 213 186 186
1 60
33
377 127 249 189 188
$lf250-$l,499— _ 319
32
273
34
409 124 284 252 252 C )
$1,500-$1,749---1 66
302
42
445 144 301 235 234
$1,760-$1,999---9 110
221
36
$2,000-$2,249___
490 152 338 228 219
3 157
529 144 384 227 224
$2,250-$2,499___
145
28
♦ Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.
See p. 176 for notes on this table.




$32
35
26
47
70
68
63
95
137
141
97
163
312
265

32
38
27
46
69
73
58
55
154
21
27
24
56
32
66
110
157

$8
7
1
3
3
6
6
16
15

10
5
(*)
3
5
12

11
3
4

21.2
26.4
20.8
23.4
31.3
26.8
23.9
29.3
38.9
36.8
21.1
35.3
50.3
38.6

21.2
29.6
21.1
24.5
33.2
33.3
26.7
21.2
47.8
12.3
20.2
12.7
24.1
11.3
21.9
32.5
40.9

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

160

W EST C EN TR A L,

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D C IT IE S

4.— H ou sing: Average value of housing secured with and without money
expenditure, by occupation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 1935—86 —

T able

Continued

Number of
families
Occupational
group, family
type, and in
come class
0)

Re
port
Eli ing
ex
gible pendi
tures
(2)

(3)

Aver
age
value
of all
housing
plus
fuel,
light,
and re
friger
ation
(4)

Aver
age
ex
pense
for
fuel,
light,
and
refrig
era
tion
(5)

Average value of housing secured
Aver
age
money
Without
value With
expenditure
money expenditure
of all
hous
ing All Fam- Other
Rent
hous fly hous Total Owned
as pay
home or
ing home ing
gift
(6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)

In d ep en d en t
business and
professional
36
$88
$365 $118 $244 $156 $156
199
$1,000-11,249___
35
103
$l '250-$l'499_. _ 146
398 140 257 154 154
33
141
455 129 322 195 195 (*) 127
$1,500-$1,749---39
$1,750-$1,999---115
439 131 305 202 197 $5 103
158 402 201 186 15 201
74
23
561
$2,000-$2,249___
82
26
541
147 393 234 224 10 159
$2,250- $2,499— .
$2,500-$2,999____
102
28
579 165 413 207 204
3 206
$3,000-$3,499___
43
19
656 158 498 334 326
8 164
24
46
8 199
$3,500-$3,999___
660 157 502 303 295
18
$4,000-$4,999---35
871 192 679 205 202
3 474
26
894 238 656 380 333 47 276
$5,000 and over.
65
Salaried busi
ness and pro
fessional
43
88
31
348 105 243 200 200 (*)
$1,000-$1,249___
1 75
84
27
$1,250-$1,499___
395 138 258 183 182
62
137
295
233
4
115
37
433
229
$1,500-$1,749___
27
123
507 162 344 302 295
$1,750 -$1,999..._
7 42
37
114
$2,000-$2,249___
540 137 403 310 299 11 93
164 402 323 315
80
27
8 79
$2,250-$2,499___
567
34
145
$2,500-$2,999---619 181 437 315 301 14 122
108
35
$3,000-$3,499___
7 71
615 170 445 374 367
23
61
$3,500-$3,999___
649 145 504 342 330 12 162
64
24
$4,000-$4,999___
770 181 589 366 344 22 223
51
20
$5,000 and over.
935 208 727 476 447 29 251
Family type:
Type I
$250-$499_........ .
143
51 135 97 97
6
38
190
317
15
66 164 114 114
$500-$749.........
236
50
402
12
89 149 122 122
$750-$999______
242
27
$1,000-$1,249---471
342 105 236 174 174
62
35
$1,250-$1,499---323
28
373 118 254 163 162
1 91
$1,500-$1,749__
268
26
393 114 278 177 177 n
101
$1,750-$1,999___
31
301
431 131 300 236 234
2 64
491
$2,000-$2,249---26
118 372 290 270 20 82
188
$2,250-$2,499___
137
26
548 124 423 224 221
3 199
$2,500-$2,999..._
59
15
551 153 398 259 252
7 139
$3,000-$3,499____
12
621 118 503 497 483 14
37
6
$3,500-$3,999___
30
11
575 118 457 325 318
7 132
$4,000-$4,999---27
13
767 141 626 258 250
8 368
9
$5,000 and over.
28
895 234 661 474 467
7 187
* Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.
See p. 176 for notes on this table.




Per
centage
of hous
ing
value
secured
without
money
expend
iture
(13)

$88
103
127
103
201
159
206
164
199
474
276

38.1
40.1
39.4
33.8
50.0
40.5
49.9
32.9
39.6
69.8
42.1

34
$9
75
54
8
42
93
42
37
95
27
71
136
26
223
251 ............

17.7
29.1
21.0
12.2
23.1
19.6
27.9
16.0
32.1
37.9
34.5

38
41
22
60
91
101
45
82
199
121
6
132
368
187

28.1
30.5
18.1
26.3
35.8
36.3
21.3
22.0
47.0
34.9
1.2
28.9
58.8
29.3

9
5
2
(•)
19
18

161

TABULAR SUMMARY
W E S T C E N T R A L , 2 M ID D L E -S IZ E D C IT IE S

T

4.— H ousing: Average value of housing secured with and without money
expenditure, by occupation, family type, and income, in ./ ?/ear, 1935—36—

able

Continued

Number of
families
Occupational
group, family
type, and in
come class
(1)
Types H and III
$250-$499______
$500-$749............
$750-$999______
$1,000-$1,249___
$1,250-$1,499.
$1,500-$1,749___
$1,750-$1,999___
$2,000-$2,249___
$2,250-$2,499___
$2,500-$2,999___
$3,000-$3,499___
$3,500-$3,999___
$4,000-$4,999___
$5,000 and over.
Types I V and V
$250-$499______
$500-$749______
$750-$999_____
$1,000-$1,249___
$1,250-$1,499___
$1,600-$1,749___
$1,750-$1,999____
$2,000-$2,249___
$2,250-$2,499...
$2,500-$2,999___
$3,000-$3,499___
$3,500-$3,999___
$4,000-$4,999___
$5,000 and over.

Re
port
Eli ing
ex
gible pendi
tures
(2)

(3)

Aver
age
value
of all
housing
plus
fuel,
light,
and re
friger
ation
(4)

110
321
574
571
453
362
329
201
102
65
37
19
20
29

12
27
38
62
58
61
61
49
38
20
18
14
11
16

$231
233
243
268
346
381
407
458
482
646
620
759
726
884

73
286
386
505
450
450
383
290
22S
123
77
58
52
59

13
25
22
60
53
56
52
56
45
27
24
22
18
21

269
269
282
331
363
406
439
458
519
604
634
662
854
933

Aver
age
ex
pense
for
fuel,
light,
and
refrig
era
tion
(5)

Average value of housing secured
Per
centage
Aver
of hous
age
ing
money
Without
value With
value
expenditure
money expenditure secured
of all
hous
without
ing All Fam Other
money
Rent expend
Owned
hous ily hous Total home as pay iture
ing home ing
or gift
(6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13)

$72 $151 $119 $119
72 148 114 114
89 152 129 129
103 163 149 149
127 218 161 161
128 252 213 212
131 275 211 209
140 317 219 217
150 331 23$ 237
159 486 317 313
173 446 310 300
191 567 368 367
176 549 399 398
236 648 374 345
78
85
100
107
131
137
146
157
167
193
188
154
211
215

185
179
181
219
231
267
292
299
351
410
446
507
643
718

164
133
126
147
157
188
214
197
220
251
323
312
299
421

164
133
126
147
157
188
211
195
213
237
321
297
275
363

(•)
(*)
C)
$1
2
2
1
4
10
1
1
29

(*)
(*)
3
2
7
14
2
15
24
58

$32
34
23
14
57
39
64
98
93
169
136
199
150
274

$32
34
17
12
50
29
64
98
76
151
136
199
150
274

21
46
55
72
74
79
78
102
131
159
123
195
344
297

21
30
45
72
74
79
78
102
125
145
123
167
344
297

See p. 176 for notes on this table.
* Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




$6
2
7
10
17
18

16
10

6
14
28

21.2
23.0
15.1
8.6
26.1
15.5
23.3
30.9
28.1
34.8
30.5
35.1
27.3
42.3
11.4
25. 7
30. 4
32.9
32.0
29.6
26.7
34.1
37.3
38.8
27.6
38.5
53.5
41.4

162

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
W E S T C E N T R A L , 2 M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

A-A.— M oney expenditure for fam ily hom e by ow ners and renters,
and fa cilities in clu d ed in rent for fam ily h om e: By occupation, family
typet and income, in 1 year, 19S5-36

T able

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]

A ll families
$250-$499
.%500-$749
$750-$999
$1,000-$1,249.........
$1,250-$1,499____
$1,500-$1,749____
$1,750-$1,999.........
$2,000-$2,249.........
$2,250-$2,499____
$2,500-$2,999.........
$3,000-$3,499____
$3,500-$3,999_
$4,000-$4,999........
$5,000 and over
Occupational
group: Wage
earner

326
924
1,362
1, 547
1,226
1,080
1,013
679
462
247
151
107
99
116

31
67
72
157
139
143
144
131
109
62
54
47
42
46

42
23
25
38
45
43
36
61
52
57
48
67
69
75

58 $106 $127
71 65 145
70 94 145
59 n o 180
52 102 215
56 142 242
58 143 278
39 154 323
46 124 323
38 217 383
52 334 418
26 254 514
31 176 539
20
303 584

11

3
5

6

9
12
24
19
14
15
51
34
52

4

6
2

3
4
8
5
2
16
5
24

58
56
57
53
84
73
63
62
76
89
81
100
74
78

3
(ID

6

4
1
1

2

5

8
8

3
5
19

p Mechanical re55 frigerator
2 Refrigeration
^ Percentage with none of
& these facilities included
in rent

XJba

£ Water

g Garage

Furnishings

$
W
(8)

3

3 Renters

Home owners

§

O
(4)

3

)

ud

Q Renting

0

/-s Reporting ex
's* penditures

Occupational
group, familytype, and income
class

g Eligible

Average
Number of Percentage money ex Percentage of renters having specified
families of families 1 pense for
facilities included in rent *
family home

61
46
42
32 O
22
1
31 2
34
36 (*)6
30 5
33 16
22
7
51 26
45
24 6

4
3
C)1
1
2

4
7
3
7
19
6
6

18

22
20

28
12

14
26
21
15
3
11
6

$9K0-.$4QQ
326 31
42 58 106 127
61
4
18
58
$Knn-$74.Q
767 38
24 68 68 140 ----57 7 46
20
24 72 86 137
1,082 43
2
41
20
55 2
$750-$999
946 49
39 59 104 158
50
36
31
$1,000-$1,249
11
677 44
46 52 97 194
5 5 86
20
$1,250-$1,499
48 49 115 215
5 76
25
16
551 39
$1,500-$1,749
34 56 133 248 16 16 66 1 1
47
27
3
$1,750-$1,999____ 473 36
77 12 42 6 6
60 40 152 270 12
23
6
$2,000-$2,249____ 270 35
155 28
58 42 108 244
80
12
12
$2,250-$2,499
Clerical
^nn-$74Q
157 29
18 82 48 170
7 3 55 3 49
31
21
13
31 64 128 176 13 20 63 13 47
$750-$999.............. 280 29
314 41
63 2
22
21
6
25 65 141 196 12
$1,000-$1,249
81 4 26
4
10
9
37 57 106 249
$1,250-$1,499......... 319 33
4 66 4 37
16
28 72 204 270 21
$l,500-$l,749__j 273 34
34
53
29
302 42
38 59 140 292 13
$1,750-$1,999
47
29
32 159 337 25
25
221
68
$2,000-$2,249
36
26
74 26 26 20 20
58 42 120 359 26
$2,250-$2,499____ 145 28
See p. 177 for notes on this table.
♦ Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 for expenditures, or less than 1 for propor
tions of families reporting, are not shown.




TABULAR SUMMARY
W EST C EN TR A L,

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

163
C IT IE S

M oney expenditure for fam ily h om e by ow ners and renters,
and facilities in clu ded in rent for fam ily hom e: By occupation, family
type, and income, in 1 year, 1 98 5-86 — Continued

T a b l e 4r-A .—

60
61
57
58
71
66
75
82
73
97
79

40
38
43
40
29
34
25
18
22
3
14

$98 $246
118 197
142 266
150 278
138 310
153 340
184 298
267 620
212 524
191 480
276 404

11
12
17
56
33
13
33
44
43

88

31
27
37
27
37
27
34
35
23
24
20

19
45
33
21
45
15
43
35
62
54
71

78
51
65
79
55
74
48
65
30
35
29

113
82
174
222
166
142
248
381
288
166
343

225
267
268
315
395
371
407
385
508
542
662

14
12
18
34
26
14
12
55
36
56

8 67
76
4 86
9 72
9 66
10 70
21 93
5 78
37 100
77
69

50
21
20
55
51
55
32
37
62
57
43
63
83
46

50
70
76
40
49
45
60
63
38
36
57
37
17
54

64
55
74
155
103
117
194
138
109
220
561
216
173
283

130
146
141
192
231
242
284
351
375
376
489
496
615
631

24
3
24
17
10
43
47
19
62
76
100
56

67
12 46
10 58
1 69
14 83
3 83
14 74
7 69
4 85
38 100
25 88
48 100
50
44

(12)

Mechanical refrigerator
£ Refrigeration
^ Percentage with none of
ot these facilities included
in rent

36
35
33
39
23
26
28
19
24
18
26

1
is

q

j
199
146
141
116
74
82
102
43
46
35
65

(3)

g Garage

(8)

(2)

1
W

g Light

% Furnishings

3 Renters

(4)

%

o
( 1)

g Home owners

bo
.3

3 Renting

Occupational
group, family
type, and income
class

Average
Number of Percentage money ex Percentage of renters having specified
families
of families pense for
facilities included in rent
family home

In d ep en d en t b u si
n ess a n d p ro fes
sio n a l

$1,000-$1,249.
$1,250-$1,499.
$1,500-$1,749.
$1,750-$1,999.
$2,000-$2,249.
$2,250-$2,499.........
$2,500-$2,999.........
$3,000-$3,499.........
$3,500-$3,999.........
$4,000-$4,999.........
$5,000 and over_.

6
6
11

44
88
52
71
44
83
73
100
100
100

6
6
22
22

37
5
54
24
78
52
47
33
44
100
43

6
6

6
6

22
19

22
19

3
12
10
18

5
3
9
6
3
8
18
7

33
12
12
18
22
6
13

S a la ried b u sin ess
a n d p ro fessio n a l

$1,000-$1,249.
$1,250-$1,499.
$1,500-$1,749.
$1,750-$1,999.
$2,000-$2,249.
$2,250-$2,499.........
$2,500-$2,999.........
$3,000-$3,499.........
$3,600-$3,999.........
$4,000-$4,999.........
$5,000 and o v er..

84
115
123
114
80
145
108
61
64
51

8
3
9
6
3
5
18

22
32
28
21
30
44
30
20
55
43
16

21
8
28

12
24
7
17
14
11
12

7

F a m ily ty p e :
Type I

$250-$499...............
$600-$749...............
$750-$999...............
$1,000-$1,249.........
$1,250-$!,499.........
$1,500-$1,749.
$1,75M1,999.
$2,000-$2,249.
$2,250-$2,499.
$2,500-$2,999.
$3,000-$3,499.........
$3,500-$3,999.........
$4,000-$4,999.........
$5,000 and o v e r -

143
317
402
471
323
268
301
188
137
59
37
30
27
28




6

15
12
35
28
26
31
26
26
15

12

11
13
9

12
5
1
3
10
20
10
25
29

100
58
42
24
24
24
51
58
51
43
75
76
100
28

4
3
7
10
38
38
52
15

5
1
3
7
10
38
29
15

31
21
24
11
3
22
7
12

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

164

W E ST CEN TR AL, 2 M ID D L E -SIZE D CITIES

4-A.—Money
expenditure
forforfamily
home
by owners
and renters,
and
facilities
included
in
rent
family
home:
B y occupation , fam ily
typey and incom e , in 1 year , 1985-36 — Continued

Occupational
group, family
type, and income
class

fl)
Types II and III
$250-$499_______
$500-$749_______
$750-$999_______
$1,000-$1,249____
$1,250-$1,499____
$1,500-$1,749____
$1,750-$1,999____
$2,000-$2,249____
$2,250-$2,499____
$2,500-$2,999.........
$3,000-83,499____
$3,500-$3,999____
$4,000-$4,999____
$5,000 and over. _
Types I V and V
$250-$499_______
$500-$749_..............
$750-$999_______
$1,000-$1,249____
$1,250-$1,499____
$1,500-$1,749____
$1,750-$1,999____
$2,000-$2,249____
$2,250-$2,499____
$2,500-$2,999____
$3,000-$3,499____
$3,500-13,999____
$4,000-$4,999____
$5,000 and over___

Average
Number of Percentage money ex Percentage of renters having specified
facilities included in rent
of families pense for
families
family home
a> as
t
o3
iP.2
f

w

©(=1

to
.9*o
*
o

to
a
f©l

PS

£©
©
ao
M

(3)

(4)

(5)

(e)

110
321
574
571
453
362
329
201
102
65
37
19
20
29

12
27
38
62
58
61
61
49
38
20
18
14
11
16

25
24
17
16
32
22
29
62
42
46
47
55
42
81

75 $122 $118
76 74 125
78 96 145
79 88 162
60 75 212
74 181 236
68 110 263
38 139 408
53 144 314
49 221 455
53 190 413
35 352 454
58 140 576
13 312 375

73
286
386
505
450
450
383
290
223
123
77
58
52
59

13
25
22
60
53
56
52
56
45
27
24
22
18
21

54
23
41
46
55
52
46
77
50
62
51
73
72
87

46
66
54
54
45
48
48
23
48
33
49
18
28
8

o
2
’Sj)
s
(2)

See p. 177 for notes on this table.




186
69
108
90
118
134
126
171
128
214
252
244
192
307

u©
f©l

PS

(7)

138
177
151
197
206
248
291
271
300
319
393
551
492
687

VI
3M

fb£l

+9
©
M
(8)

©
fl bn2
fl c3
o
(9) (10)

1
4
4

1
6

11
6
25
11
15
11
33
21
50

3
5
5
5
15

2

9
3
8

2

3

1
21
6
8
8

7
7
3

46
20
50

23

56
52
45
40
89
74
64
57
66
85
78
100
43
100
50
77
82
58
77
65
52
60
77
84
80
100
100
100

£
l!
S&
u© ,fl.£f
3tn "c6
©©«-(hi
s
3
(ID (12) (13)

1
6
2
2
4
3
11
8

7
2
1
3
6
23

33
42
48
39
14
38
14
33
21
23
11
33
57
50
50
38
30
30
32
28
44
18
24
36
10
46
20

|
82
©
S©
PS

(14)

2
2
2
15

4
3
5
8
21
17

1
1
2
3
6

1
3
6

23

23

^ Percentage with none of
g those facilities included
w in rent
i

T able

33
20
27
28
9
15
32
19
24
11
21
17
12
3
31
17
20
24
37
17
8
10

165

TABULAR SUMMARY
W EST C EN TR A L,

T able

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

5.— H ou sehold operation: Average m oney expenditure for groups of item s

of household operation , and percentage distribu tion of such expenditure , by occupa
tion. fa m ily ty p ef and incom e , in 1 yea r , 1 93 5-86
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Number of
families

Occupational g r o u p ,
family type, and in
come class

(1)
A ll families
$250-$499. .......................
$500-$749______________
$750-$999________ ____ _
$1,000-$l,249___________
$1,250-$l,499___________
$1,500~$1,749___________
$1,750-$1,999_.................
$2,000-$2,249___________
$2,250-$2,499___________
$2,500-$2,999__..................
$3,000-$3,499___________
$3,500-$3,999___________
$4,000-$4,999___________
$5,000 and over________
Occupational group:
Wage earner
$9K0-$499
$500-1749.....................
$750-$999....... ....................
$1,000-$1,249__..............$1,250-$1,499___________
$1,500-$1,749_............ .......
$1,750-$1,999._..................
$2,000-$2,249......................
$2,250-$2,499...... ...............

Percentage of total
household opera
tion expenditure

Average money expenditure for
household operation

Paid household
help
Fuel,
Fuel, Paid
Report
light,
light, house
Other and
Eligi ing ex Total and re
re hold Other
pendi
item s2 friger
items
ble
friger Average Percent
age
of
tures
ation 1 amount families
ation 1 help
having
(8)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(7)
(9) (10) (ID

5
9
4
8
13
18
21
22
39
37
55
70
90

$25
22
29
43
52
57
66
73
71
91
103
104
124
162

71.9
77.1
75.4
70.0
68.9
66.7
63.4
61.9
61.9
55.0
54.8
44.2
39.6
36.8

(*)
0.8
1.3
2.7
3.6
6.0
6.1
9.0
16.4
11.8
25.1
33.8
36.7

28.1
22.9
23.8
28.7
28.4
29.7
30.6
32.0
29.1
28.6
33.4
30.7
26.6
26.5

4
8
4
4
13
13
10
17

25
21
27
37
49
54
67
61
60

72.2
77.7
75.9
71.8
70.9
68.6
63.5
65.7
68.5

(*)
.9
1.4
.6
2.7
3.0
3.5
4.5

27.8
22.3
23.2
26.8
28.5
28.7
33.5
30.8
27.0

Clerical
$500-$749............................
157
29
111
82
1
6
28
280
142 106
10
$750-$999— ...................29
1
35
41
314
$1,000-$1,249_................165 112
3
5
48
33
$1,250-$1,499_............ .
319
183 127
4
9
52
$1,500-$1,749— ................
273
34
4
189 124
2
63
302
$1,750-$1,999_....................
42
217 144
12
21
61
221
$2,000-$2,249_....................
36
238 152
9
22
77
145
245 144
14 > 76
28
25
$2,250-$2,499___________
*Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.
See p. 177 for notes on this table.

73.9
74.7
67.9
69.4
65.6
66.4
63.9
58.8

.9
.7
3.0
2.2
1.1
5.5
3.8
10.2

25.2
24.6
29.1
28.4
33.3
28.1
32.3
31.0




326
924
1, 362
1,547
1,226
1,080
1,013
679
462
247
151
107
99
116

31
67
72
157
139
143
144
131
109
62
54
47
42
46

$89
96
122
150
183
192
216
228
244
318
305
339
467
611

$64
74
92
105
126
128
137
141
151
175
167
150
185
225

326
767
1,082
946
677
551
473
270
155

31
38
43
49
44
39
36
35
28

90
94
116
138
172
188
200
198
222

65
73
88
99
122
129
127
130
152

(*)

$1
2
5
7
13
14
22
52
35
85
158
224

(*)

1
2
1
5
6
7
10

166

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
W EST C EN TR A L,

T able

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D C IT IE S

5.— H ou sehold operation: A verage m oney expenditure fo r groups of item s

o f household operation , and percentage distribu tion of such expenditure , by occupa
tion , fa m ily ty p ey an d incom e , in 1 year , 1 98 5-86 —Continued
Number of
families

Occupational g r o u p ,
family type, and in
come class

0)
Independent business
and professional
$1,0P0-$1,249......................
$1,250-$l, 499....................
$1,500-$1,749_...................
$1,750-$1,999......................
$2,000-$2,249.....................
$2,250- $2,499......................
$2,500-$2,999......................
$3,000-$3, 499.....................
$3,500-$3,999......................
$4,000-$4,999......................
$5,000 and over-.............
Salaried business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249......................
$1,250-$1,499_....................
$1,500-$1,749......................
$1,750-$1,999.....................
$2,000-$2.249......................
$2,250-$2,499_....................
$2,500-$2,999_...................
$3,000-$3,499.....................
$3,500-$3,999._..................
$4,000-$4,999......................
$5,000 and o v e r .............
Family type: Type I

Percentage of total
household opera
tion expenditure

Average money expenditure for
household operation

Paid household
help
Fuel,
Fuel, Paid
Report
light, house
light,
Other and
Eligi ing ex Total and
re hold Other
re
items friger
items
ble pendi
friger Average Percent
age of
tures
ation amount families
ation help
having
(7)
(8)
(5)
(9) GO) (11)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(2)

9
22
21
25
28
34
35
35
51
78
85

$57
63
56
76
75
83
87
103
99
144
166

66.3
62.8
63.5
57.7
62.0
57.2
56.1
52.9
44.3
34.9
38.0

1.7
9.0
8.9
8.8
8.6
10.5
14.3
12.7
27.7
38.9
35.5

32.0
28.2
27.6
33.5
29.4
32.3
29.6
34.4
28.0
26.2
26.5

7
15
23
25
39
33
42
30
58
66
96

54
53
60
69
88
72
94
103
107
114
157

66.0
68.0
64.9
61.6
52.3
60.7
54.0
55.4
44.4
42.9
35.2

(*)

34.0
26.5
28.5
26.2
33.6
26.7
28.1
33.5
32.7
27.0
26.6

$25n-$499
27
51
143
6
78
$*on-$749
22
15
66
317
88
20
29
$750-$999...........................
12
119
89
1
402
35
3
48
$1,000-$1,249......................
471
153 105 (*)
10
53
$1,250-$1,499......................
8
28
179 118
323
62
4
12
$1,500-$1,749......................
180 114
268
26
26
72
$1,750-$1,999......................
301
219 131
16
31
$2,000-$2,249_....................
35
83
188
26
221 118
20
$2,250-$2,499_....................
34
26
82
137
26
240 124
74
$2,500-$2,999......................
59
15
81
44
308 153
$3,000-$3,499......................
16 llu
37
256 118
28
12
$3,500-$3,999_....................
55 122
66
30
11
306 118
69 111
$4,000-$4,999......................
405 141
153
27
13
83 144
$5,000 and o v e r ..............
559 234
28
181
9
See p. 177 for notes on this table.
♦ Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are no tshown.

65.4
75.0
74.8
68.6
65.9
63.4
59.8
53.2
51.6
49.7
46.1
38.6
34.8
41.8




199
146
141
115
74
82
102
43
46
35
65

36
35
33
39
23
26
28
19
24
18
26

$178
223
203
227
255
257
294
299
354
550
626

$118
140
129
131
158
147
165
158
157
192
238

88
84
115
123
114
80
145
108
61
64
51

31
27
37
27
37
27
34
35
23
24
20

159
200
211
263
262
270
335
307
327
422
591

105
136
137
162
137
164
181
170
145
181
208

$3
20
18
20
22
27
42
38
98
214
222
C)

11
14
32
37
34
60
34
75
127
226

5. 5
6.6
12 °
14! I
12.6
17.9
11.1
22.9
30.1
38.2

.8

(*)
4.5
2.2
7.3
9.1
14.2
26.3
10.9
21.6
37.8
32.4

34.6
25.0
24.4
31.4
29.6
34.4
32.9
37.7
34.2
24.0
43.0
39.8
27.4
25.8

TABULAR SUMMARY
T

167

5.— H ou sehold operation: A v e ra g e m o n e y e x p e n d itu re fo r g ro u p s o f ite m s
o f h o u seh o ld o p e r a tio n , a n d p e rce n ta g e d is tr ib u tio n o f su ch e x p e n d itu re , b y o c c u p a 
tio n , f a m i ly ty p e , a n d in c o m e , in i 2/ear, 1 9 8 6 -8 6 —Continued
WEST CENTRAL, 2 MIDDLE-SIZED CITIES

able

Number of
families
Occupational g r o u p ,
family type, and in
come class

(1)
Types II and III
$250-$499
$500-$749............................
$750-$999............................
$1,000-$1,249......................
$1,250-$1,499......................
$1,500-$1,749......................
$1,750-$1,999......................
$2,000-$2,249......................
$2,250-$2,499......................
$2,500-$2,999......................
$3,000-$3,499......................
$3,500-$3,999_....................
$4,000-$4,999...................
$5,000 and over ............ .
Types I and V
$250-$499
$500-$749............................
$750-$999..........................
$1,000-$1,249................... .
$1,250-$1,499......................
$1,500-$1,749......................
$1,750-$1,999__..................
$2,000-$2,249......................
$2,250-$2,499_....................
$2,500-$2,999......................
$3,000-$3,499......................
$3,50O-$3,999......................
$4,000-$4,999......................
$5,000 and over................

Percentage of total
household opera
tion expenditure

Average money expenditure for
household operation

Paid household
help
Fuel,
Fuel, Paid
Report
light,
light, house
Eligi ing ex Total and
Other and
Other
re
re
Percent
items
ble pendi
items
friger Average age of
friger hold
tures
ation amount families
ation help
having
(5)
(4)
(7)
(5)
(2)
(8)
(3)
(9) (10) (11)
110
321
574
571
453
362
329
201
102
65
37
19
20
29

12
27
38
62
58
61
61
49
38
20
18
14
11
16

$94
91
113
145
185
197
200
236
257
351
311
452
456
681

$72
72
89
103
127
128
131
140
150
159
173
191
176
236

73
286
386
505
450
450
383
290
223
123
77
58
52
59

13
25
22
60
53
56
52
56
45
27
24
22
18
21

105
111
138
153
183
196
227
227
239
306
325
319
504
601

78
85
100
107
131
137
146
157
167
193
188
154
211
215

(*)

$1
6
5
17
11
19
33
89
26
164
183
268

(*)
(*)

2
1
12
7
8
19
42
69
150
222

7
6
9
7
23
14
22
37
68
23
85
81
94

$22
19
23
36
53
52
58
77
74
103
112
97
97
177

76.6
79.1 (*)
78.8 0.9
71.1 4.1
68.7 2.7
65.0 8.6
65.5 5.5
59.3 8.1
58.4 12.8
45.3 25.4
55.6 8.4
42.2 36.3
38.6. 40.1
34.6 39.4

23.4
20.9
20.3
24.8
28.6
26.4
29.0
32.6
28.8
29.3
36.0
21.5
21.3
26.0

7
1
8
5
16
11
13
21
43
45
66
90

27
26
38
46
50
58
69
63
64
94
95
96
143
164

74.3
76.6
72.5
69.9
71.6
69.9
64.3
69.1
69.9
63.1
57.9
48.3
41.9
35.8

25.7
23.3
27.5
30.1
27.3
29.6
30.4
27.8
26.8
30.7
29.2
30.1
28.3
27.3

See p. 177 for notes on this table.
*Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.

125019°—40=—12




(*)
(*)
1.1
.5
5.3
3.1
3.3
6.2
12.9
21.6
29.8
36.9

168

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

WEST CENTRAL, 2 MIDDLE-SIZED CITIES
A verage m oney expenditure fo r clothing fo r husband and
w ife and other fa m ily m em bers, and percentage d istribu tion of such expenditure, by
occupation, fa m ily ty p e , and incom e, in 1 year, 1 93 5 -8 6

T able

6.—Clothing:

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]

Occupational group,
family type, and in
come class
0)

of total fam
expenditure for Percentage
Number of families Average money
ily clothing expendi
clothing i
ture
Eligible
(2)

A ll families
326
$250-$499__....................924
$500-$749_............ .............
1,362
$750-$999______________
$1,000-$1,249__________
1,547
1,226
$1,250-$1,499................—
$1,500-$1,749................. 1,080
$1,750-$1,999.....................
1,013
$2,000-$2,249__________
679
$2,250-$2,499.....................
462
$2,500-$2,999................. .
247
$3,000~$3,499_-------------151
$3,500-$3,999............... —
107
$4,000-$4,999__________
99
116
$5,000 and over________
Occupational group:
Wage earner
326
$250-$499— ......................
767
$500-$749_............ .............
1,082
$750-$999...... .....................
946
$1,000-$!,249.............— .
$1,250-$1,499__________
677
$1,500-$1,749.....................
551
473
$1,750-$1,999....................
$2,000-$2,249__________
270
$2,250-$2,499.....................
155
Clerical
$500-$749_____________
157
$750-$999...........................
280
314
$1,000-$1,249.....................
$1,250-$1,499_....................
319
$1,500-$1,749__________
273
$1,750-SI,999.....................
302
221
$2,000-$2,249................... .
$2,250-$2,499_...................
145
Independent business
and professional
$1,000-$1,249________
199
$1,250-$1,499________
146
$1,500-$1,749__________
141
$1,750-$1,999.....................
115
74
$2,000-$2,249__________
$2,250-$2,499....................
82
$2,500-$2,999__.......... .......
102
$3,000-$3,499___.............. .
43
$3,500-$3,999.....................
46
$4,000-$4,999__________
35
65
$5,000 and over-----------Salaried business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249.....................
88
$1,250k$1,499.....................
84
$1,500-$1,749....................
115
$1,750-$l,999_....................
123
$2,000-$2,249__..................
114
See p. 177 for notes orlthis tablei.




Report
All
ing ex family Hus
pendi mem band
tures
bers
(5)
(3)
(4)

Wife
(6)

Other
family
mem
bers
(7)

Hus
band
(8)

Other
Wife family
mem
bers
(9)
GO)

31
67
72
157
139
143
144
131
109
62
54
47
42
46

$46
47
77
102
123
152
172
222
214
266
314
369
440
519

$16
14
24
35
42
49
55
72
68
83
91
115
130
144

$12
14
28
36
43
50
60
74
64
94
127
134
169
231

$18
19
25
31
38
53
57
76
82
89
96
120
141
144

34.8
29.8
31.2
34.3
34.1
32.2
32.0
32.4
31.8
31.2
29.0
31.2
29.5
27.7

26.1
29.8
36.4
35.3
35.0
32.9
34.9
33.3
29.9
35.3
40.4
36.3
38.5
44.6

39.1
40.4
32.4
30.4
30.9
34.9
33.1
34.3
38.3
33.5
30.6
32.5
32.0
27.7

31
38
43
49
44
39
36
35
28

46
43
73
96
120
143
160
220
196

16
12
22
33
38
44
47
61
61

12
13
26
33
42
46
55
61
52

18
18
25
30
40
53
58
98
83

34.8
27.9
30.1
34.4
31.7
30.8
29.4
27.7
31.1

26.1
30.2
35.7
34.4
35.0
32.2
34.4
27.7
26.5

39.1
41.9
34.2
31.2
33.3
37.0
36.2
44.6
42.4

29
29
41
33
34
42
36
28

64
91
111
109
172
175
229
219

25
32
38
41
60
57
86
74

20
36
42
39
51
61
82
66

19
23
31
29
61
57
61
79

39.1
35.2
34.2
37.6
34.9
32.6
37.6
33.8

31.2
39.6
37.9
35.8
29.6
34.8
35.8
30.1

29.7
25.2
27.9
26.6
35.5
32.6
26.6
36.1

36
35
33
39
23
26
28
19
24
18
26

111
154
149
200
195
233
273
285
348
478
512

36
54
44
68
69
64
90
81
105
134
140

38
55
58
67
76
69
90
108
132
203
192

37
45
47
65
50
100
93
96
111
141
180

32.4
35.1
29.5
34.0
35.4
27.5
33.0
28.4
30.2
28.0
27.3

34.3
35.7
39.0
33.5
39.0
29.6
33.0
37.9
37.9
42.5
37.5

33.3
29.2
31.5
32.5
25.6
42.9
34.0
33.7
31.9
29.5
35.2

31
27
37
27
37

119
142
153
186
233

43
53
52
65
73

47
50
57
70
86

29
39
44
51
74

36.1
37.3
34.0
34.9
31.3

39.5
35.2
37.2
37.7
36.9

24.4
27.5
28.8
27.4
31.8

TABULAR SUMMARY

169

WEST CENTRAL, 2 M ID DLE-SIZED CITIES

6.— C lothing: Average m oney expenditure for clothing for husband and
w ife and other fa m ily m em bers, and percentage d istribu tion of such expenditure, by
occupation, fa m ily type, and incom e, in 1 year, 1 9 8 5 -3 6 —Continued

T able

Number of families
Occupational group,
family type, and in
come class
(1)
Salaried business and
professional—C on.
$2,250-$2,499__________
$2,500-$2,999__________
$3,000-$3,499__________
$3,500-$3,999__________
$4,000-$4,999__________
$5,000 and over_______
Family type: Type I
$250-$499_____________
$500-$749_____________
$750-$999_____________
$1,000-$1,249__________
$1,250-$1,499__________
$1,500-$1,749................
$1,750-$1,999__________
$2,000-$2,249__________
$2,250-$2,499______ .. .
$2,500-$2,999__________
$3,000-$3,499__________
$3,500-$3,999__________
$4,000-$4,999__________
$5,000 and over________
Types II and III
$250-$499_____________
$500-$749_____________
$750-$999_____________
$1,000-$1,249__________
$1,250-$1,499__________
$1,500-$1,749__________
$1,750-$1,999__________
$2,000-$2,249__________
$2,250-$2,499__________
$2,500-$2,999__________
$3,000-$3,499__________
$3,500-$3,999__________
$4,000-$4,999__________
$5,000 and over_______
Types IV and V
$250-$499_____________
$500-$749_____________
$750-$999_____________
$1,000-11,249__________
$1,250-$1,499....................
$1,500-$1,749__________
$1,750-$1,999__________
$2,000-$2,249__________
$2,250-$2,499.....................
$2,500-$2,999.....................
$3,000-$3,499.....................
$3,500-$3,999....................
$4,000-$4,999__________
$5,000 and over...............

Eligible
(2)

Report
All
ing ex family Hus
pendi mem band
tures
bers
(3)
(4)
(5)

Wife
(6)

80
145
108
61
64
51

27
34
35
23
24
20

$220
261
325
384
419
527

$76
78
95
123
127
150

$81
96
135
135
151
281

143
317
402
471
323
268
301
188
137
59
37
30
27
28

6
15
12
35
28
26
31
26
26
15
12
11
13
9

27
29
00
81
105
101
130
220
138
163
310
316
322
385

15
15
28
38
50
51
61
100
75
79
12<5
143
152
152

12
13
31
42
54
50
68
119
63
81
185
173
170
233

110
321
574
571
453
362
329
201
102
65
37
19
20
29

12
27
38
62
58
61
61
49
38
20
18
14
11
16

58
49
77
106
129
176
173
198
229
259
279
311
370
627

21
17
26
38
44
63
63
76
78
86
82
113
136
177

17
18
31
38
47
69
64
69
91
103
107
147
160
309

73
286
386
505
450
450
383
290
223
123
77
58
52
59

13
25
22
60
53
56
52
56
45
27
24
22
18
21

65
64
93
118
129
164
205
240
253
320
332
415
528
530

11
11
18
28
34
36
43
52
60
83
79
101
115
124

8
12
20
28
31
35
51
48
53
95
109
110
173
192

See p. 177 for notes on this table.




of total fam
Average money expenditure for Percentage
ily clothing expendi
clothing
ture
Other
family Hus
mem band
bers
(8)
(7)

$63
87
95
126
141
96

Wife
(9)

Other
family
mem
bers
(10)

34.5
29.9
29.2
32.0
30.3
28.5

36.9
36.8
41.6
35.2
36.0
53.3

44.4
51.8
46.7
46.9
47.6
50. 5
46.9
45.5
54.3
48.5
40.3
45.3
47.2
39.5

55.6
44.8
51.7
51.9
51.4
49. 5
52.3
54.1
45.7
49.7
59.7
54.7
52.8
60.5

20
14
20
30
38
44
46
53
60
70
90
51
74
141

36.2
34.7
33.8
35.9
34.1
35.8
36.4
38.4
34.1
33.2
29.4
36.3
36.8
28.2

29.3
36.7
40.3
35.8
36.4
39.2
37.0
34.8
39.7
39.8
38.4
47.3
43.2
49.3

34.5
28.6
25.9
28.3
29.5
25.0
26.6
26.8
26.2
27.0
32.2
16.4
20.0
22.5

46
41
55
62
64
93
111
140
140
142
144
204
240
214

16.9
17.2
19.4
23.7
26.4
21.9
21.0
21.7
23.7
25.9
23.8
24.3
21.8
23.4

12.3
18.7
21.5
23.7
24.0
21.3
24.9
20.0
20.9
29.7
32.8
26.5
32.8
36.2

70.8
64.1
59.1
52.6
49.6
56.8
54.1
58.3
55.4
44.4
43.4
49.2
45.4
40.4

1
1
1
1
1
1
3

28.6
33.3
29.2
32.8
33.7
18.2
3.4
1.6
1.2
1.0
.8
.4
1.8

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

170

W EST CENTRAL, 2 M ID DLE-SIZED CITIES
T able

7.—-P erson al cares A verage m oney expenditure fo r toilet articles and

prepa ra tion s , and services, and percentage distribu tion of such expenditure, by
occupation, fa m ily ty p e , and incom e, in 1 year, 19S 5-S 6
[W hite nonrelief fam ilies Including husband and w ife, b oth n ative born]

Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Number of families

Average money expenditure
for personal care

Reporting
Eligible expend
iture

Total

Serv
ices i

(4)

(5)

(1)
A ll families
$250-$499......................................$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999________ ____________
$1,000-$1,249_________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749____ _____________
$1,75Q-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,260-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999_________________
$3,000-$3,499_____ ____________
$3,500-$3,999_________________
$4,000-$4,999______ ___________
$5,000 and over______ ________
Occupational group:
Wage earner
$250-$499____________________
$500-$749_______ _____________
$750-$999______ ______________
$1,000-$1,249_________________
$1,250-SI,499............ ......................
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249..................................
$2,250-$2,499_.................................
Clerical
$500-$749.................. ......................
$750-$999................... .....................
$1,000-$1,249........ ........................
$1,250-$1,499.......... ...................... ..
$1,500-$1,749_.................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249_................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
Independent business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499______ ___________
$1,500-$1,749............................. .
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249............ ...................
$2,250-$2,499.................................
$2,500-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500~$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999..................................
$5,000 and over.............................
See p. 177 for note on this tab!le.




(2)

(3)

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(6)

Percentage of total
personal care ex
penditure
Serv
ices *
(7)

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(8)

326
924
1,362
1,547
1,226
1,080
1,013
679
462
247
151
107
99
116

31
67
72
157
139
143
144
131
109
62
54
47
42
46

$14
15
20
25
31
34
37
41
43
50
53
56
64
72

$7
7
9
11
15
16
17
21
22
27
29
32
32
40

$7
8
11
14
16
18
20
20
21
23
24
24
32
32

50.0
46.7
45.0
44.0
48.4
47.1
45.9
51.2
51.2
54.0
54.7
57.1
50.0
55.6

50.0
63.3
65.0
rx 0
51.6
52.9
64.1
48.8
48.8
46.0
45.3
42.9
60.0
44.4

326
767
1,082
946
677
551
473
270
155

31
38
43
49
44
39
86
35
28

13
14
19
25
30
34
37
42
41

6
6
9
10
14
16
17
23
20

7
8
10
15
16
18
20
19
21

46.2
42.9
47.4
40.0
46.7
47.1
15.9
54.8
48.8

53.8
57.1
52.6
60.0
53.3
52.9
54.1
45.2
61.2

157
280
314
319
273
302
221
145

29
29
41
33
34
42
36
28

18
25
25
29
36
37
41
43

8
11
12
14
18
17
20
21

10
14
13
15
18
20
n
22

44.4
44.0
48.0
48.3
50.0
45.9
48.8
48.8

55.6
56.0
52.0
51.7
50.0
54.1
51.2
51.3

199
146
141
115
74
82
102
43
46
35
65

36
35
33
39
23
26
28
19
24
18
26

24
33
31
38
42
44
52
47
59
59
68

12
16
15
19

12
17
16
19
20
21
24
21
22
26
29

50.0
48.5
48.4
50.0
52.4
52.3
53.8
55.3
62.7
55.9
57.4

50.0
51.5
51.6
50.0
47.6
47.7
46.2
44.7
37.3
44.1
42.6

22

23
28
26
37
33
39

TABULAR SUMMARY
W EST C EN TR A L,

2

171

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

7.— Personal care: Average money expenditure for toilet articles and
preparations, and services, and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by
occupation, family type , and income, in 1 j/ear, 1985-86— Continued

T able

Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Number of families

Average money expenditure
for personal care

Report
ing
Eligible expend
iture

Total

Serv
ices

(4)

(5)

(1)
Salaried business and
professional
$1,000-$!,249..................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249..................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,500-$2,999..................................
$3,000-$3,499.................................
$3,500-$3,999..................................
$4,000-$4,999............................... ...
$5,000 and over............................
Family type: Type I
$250-$499........................................
$500-$749........................ ...............
$750-$999........................................
$1,000-$1,249..................................
$1,250-$1,499..................................
$1,500-$1,749.................................
$1,750-$1,999.................................
$2,000-$2,249............................... .
$2,250-$2,499................................
$2,500-$2,999...............................
$3,000-$3,499.............................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999............................... .
$5,000 and over.............................
Types II and III
$250-$499...................................
$500-$749....................................
$750-$999........................................
$1,000-$1,249.................................
$1,250-$1,499.................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999............................... .
$2,000-$2,249............................... .
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,600-$2,999........................... .
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999..................................
$4,000-$4,999............................... .
$5,000 and over..............................
Types I V and V
$250-$499.......................................
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999____ _____ ____ _____
$1,000-$1,249_________ ________
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-SI,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249..................................
$2,250-$2,499..................................
$2,500-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499__...............................
$3,500-$3,999__............................. .
$4,000-$4,999..................................
$6,000 and over_______ ____
See p. 177 for note on this table.




(2)

(3)

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(6)

Percentage of total
personal care ex
penditure
Serv
ices
(7)

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(8)

88
84
115
123
114
80
145
108
61
64
51

31
27
37
27
37
27
34
35
23
24
20

$29
37
33
38
40
48
50
56
55
67
76

$13
17
16
19
19
26
27
30
30
32
40

$16
20
17
19
21
22
23
26
25
35
36

44.8
45.9
48.5
50.0
47.5
54.2
54.0
53.6
54.5
47.8
52.8

55.2
54.1
51.5
50.0
52.5
45.8
46.0
46.4
45.5
52.2
47.4

143
317
402
471
323
268
301
188
137
59
37
30
27
28

6
15
12
35
28
26
31
26
26
15
12
11
13
9

13
12
17
22
26
32
36
38
35
30
48
50
58
60

7
5
8
9
12
14
15
20
18
13
25
31
29
31

6
7
9
13
14
18
21
18
17
17
23
19
29
29

53.8
41.7
47.1
40.9
46.2
43.8
41.7
52.6
51.4
43.3
52.1
62.0
50.0
51.7

46.2
58.3
52.9
59.1
53.8
56.2
58.3
47.4
48.6
66.7
47.9
38.0
50.0
48.3

110
321
574
571
453
362
329
201
102
65
37
19
20
29

12
27
38
62
58
61
61
49
38
20
18
14
11
16

14
15
19
25
32
34
36
38
40
51
49
52
53
80

6
6
9
11
15
16
17
20
19
27
26
27
29
46

8
9
10
14
17
18
19
18
21
24
23
25
24
34

42.9
40.0
47.4
44.0
46.9
47.1
47.2
52.6
47.5
52.9
53.1
51.9
54.7
57.5

57.1
60.0
52.6
56.0
53.1
52.9
52.8
47.4
52.5
46.9
48.1
45.3
42.5

73
286
386
505
450
450
383
290
223
123
77
58
52
59

13
25
22
60
53
56
52
56
45
27
24
22
18
21

14
17
25
28
33
35
39
46
50
60
58
61
72
74

8
11
13
17
18
19
23
26
34
32
35
36
41

7

7
9
14
15
16
17
20
23
24
26
26
26
36
33

50.0
47.1
44.0
46.4
51.5
51.4
48.7
50.0
52.0
56.7
55.2
57.4
50.0
55.4

50.0
52.9
66.0
53.6
48.5
48.6
51.3
50.0
48.0
43.3
44.8
42.6
50.0
44.6

47.1

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

172

W EST C EN TR A L,

T able

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D C IT IE S

8.— A u tom obile operation and purchase: Percentage of fam,Hies own

ing and purchasing autom obiles , average m oney expenditure fo r all fa m ilie s ,fo r
operation and purchase , by occupation , fa m ily ty p e , and incom e , in 1 year ,
1 93 5-36
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Number of families

Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Eligible

(1)
A ll families
$250-$499__________________
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999_______ _____ _______
$1,000-$1,249........ ................... .
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-SI,749-_____ ___________
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249............................___
$2,250-$2,499.................................
$2,500-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499_.................................
$3,500-$3,999__...............................
$4,000-$4,999_________________
$5,000 and over______________
Occupational group: Wage
earner
$250-$499................................ .
$500-$749___.............................
$750-$999_ ............ ...................
$1,000-$1,249__........ .................
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,250-$2,499____________ ____
Clerical
$500-$749____________________
$750-$999____________________
$1,000-$1,249_________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999___ ____ _________
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________
Independent business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249_________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999_.................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499___________ _____
$2,500-$2,999_.............................. .
$3,000-$3,499______ ___________
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999...........................
$5,000 and over.............. ...............
Salaried business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499.......... ........................
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999_................................
$2,000-$2,249.................................
See p. 177 for notes on this table.




(2)

Report
ing ex
pendi
tures
(3)

Percentage of all
families

Average money expenditure
of all families

Owning Purchas Operation Opera Purchase
auto ing auto and pur tion i (net) 2
mobiles mobiles chase
(4)

(6)

(5)
39
39
38
59

107
14
10
16
23
2124

326
924
1, 362
1, 547
1,226
1,080
1,013
679
462
247
151
107
99
116

31
67
72
157
139
143
144
131
109
62
54
47
42
46

326
767
1,082
946
677
551
473
270
155

31
38
43
49
44
39
36
35
28

39
41
36
58
69
71
71
74
70

15
7
18
24
13
13

157
280
314
319
273
302
145

221

29
29
41
33
34
42
36
28

26
46
65
57
69
67
73
75

5
17
9
16
23
26
31

199
146
141
115
74
82
43
46
35
65

36
35
33
39
23
26
28
19
24
18
26

52
60
74
76

16
9
14

96
90
76
80
90
90

25
38
26
23
39

31
27
37
27
37

65
82
69
80
74

19
27
30

102
88

84
115
123
114

66
71
72
75
77
83
85
90
89

86

86

27
19

20
20

37

117

6

6
20

12
2011

(7)

$14
28
29
76

100

134
163
180
291
263
285
297
510

201

14
28
25
75

100

125
151
123
150

30
46
99
79
159
148
186

(8)

$14
18
44
65
82
85
94
106
144
180
160
182
236

20

14
18
19
44
67
77
81
77
89

21

$109
32
35
52
78
95
147
83
125
115
274

86

106

31
33
48
70
46
61

22

9
50
27
69

212

24
49
52
90
80
91
108

41
127
166
265
228
377
279
260
258
497

27
72
84
154
167
155
135
117
173
224

111
61
222
144

75
113
131
245
248

57
67
83
137
103

18
46
48
108
145

122

88

68

95
104

14
55
38
78

143
85
273

173

TABULAR SUMMARY
W EST C EN TR A L,

T a b l e 8 .—

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

A u tom obile operation and purchase: Percentage of fa m ilies own

ing and 'purchasing autom obiles, average m oney expenditure for all fa m ilies for
operation and purchase, by occupation, fa m ily type, and incom e, in 1 year,
1 93 5 -3 6 —Continued
Number of families

Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Eligible

(1)
Salaried business and
professional—C ontinued
$2,250-$2,499______________
$2,500-$2,999______________
$3,000-$3,499______________
$3,500-$3,999______________
$4,000-$4,999______________
$5,000 and over____________
Family type: Type I
$250-$499_____ ____________
$500-$749_________________
$750-$999_________________
$1,000-11,249______________
$1,250-$1,499______________
$1,500-$1,749______________
$1,750-$1,999______________
$2,000-$2,249______________
$2,250-$2,499______________
$2,500-$2,999______________
$3,000-$3,499______________
$3,500-$3,999______________
$4,000-$4,999______________
$5,000 and over____________
Types II and III
$250-$499_________________
$500-$749_________________
$750-$999_________________
$1,000-$1,249______________
$1,250-$1,499______________
$1,500-Sl,749______________
$1,750-$!,999______________
$2,000-12,249______________
$2,250-$2,499______________
$2,500-$2,999______________
$3,000-$3,499______________
$3,500-$3,999______________
$4,000-$4,999______________
$5,000 and over___________
Types IV and V
$250-$499_________________
$500-$749___ ______ _______
$750-$999_________________
$1,000-$1,249______________
$1,250-$1,499______________
$1,500-$1,749______________
$1,750-$1,999______________
$2,000-$2,249______________
$2,250-$2,499............................
$2,500-$2,999______________
$3,000-$3,499______ ________
$3,500-$3,999______________
$4,000-$4,999______________
$5,000 and over____________
See p. 177 for notes on this table.




(2)

Report
ing ex
pendi
tures
(3)

Percentage of all
families

Average money expenditure
of all families

Owning Purchas Operation Opera Purchase
auto ing auto and pur tion
(net)
mobiles mobiles chase
(5)

(4)

(8)

(7)

(6)

80
145
108
61
64
51

27
34
35
23
24
20

78
78
89
90
91
88

30
22
17
18
25
33

$249
229
258
304
317
526

$128
135
198
192
187
251

$121
94
60
112
130
275

143
317
402
471
323
268
301
188
137
59
37
30
27
28

6
15
12
35
28
26
31
26
26
15
12
11
13
9

50
30
33
75
68
62
80
94
78
85
90
82
86
86

9
17
7
19
20
32
14
44
16
9
24
54

16
26
17
117
127
121
179
272
190
480
226
226
256
714

16
17
17
55
82
68
99
116
106
168
195
131
165
204

9
62
45
53
80
156
84
312
31
95
91
510

110
321
574
571
453
362
329
201
102
65
37
19
20
29

12
27
38
62
58
61
61
49
38
20
18
14
11
16

25
46
54
56
68
76
71
72
80
91
70
89
100
100

14
16
15
13
20
23
20
29
15
12
15
25
36

9
39
51
71
106
157
146
1«4
233
201
203
269
354
415

9
21
30
43
61
93
88
99
118
143
132
157
187
229

18
21
28
45
64
58
65
115
58
71
112
167
186

73
286
386
505
450
450
383
290
223
123
77
58
52
59

13
25
22
60
53
56
52
56
45
27
24
22
18
21

38
40
18
47
62
72
66
64
76
77
90
87
89
85

6
9
8
12
26
14
27
28
24
27
17
28

19
18
9
45
73
122
166
131
193
247
310
319
295
460 1

19
17
9
35
55
80
71
77
101
132
195
175
189
255

1
10
18
42
95
54
92
115
115
144
106
205

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

174

W EST C EN TR A L,

T

able

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

9.— R ecreation: Average money expenditure for recreation of specified types,
by occupation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 1985-86
[W h ite n o n r e lie f fa m ilie s in c lu d in g h u s b a n d a n d w ife , b o th n a tiv e h o rn ]

Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures

0)
A ll families
$250-$499.........................................
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249..................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749_.................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,500-$2,999_.............................
$3,000-$3,499_.................................
$3,500-$3,999________ _________
$4,000-$4,999__...............................
$5,000 and over.............................
Occupational group: Wage
earner
$250-$499.........................................
$500-$749........................................
$750-$999........................................
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499............................... .
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999_____ ____________
$2,000-$2,249______ ___________
$2,250-$2,499_______ _________
Clerical
$500-$749........................................
$750-$999........................................
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499_............................... .
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999..................................
$2,000-$2,249_................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
Independent business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249_............................... .
$1,250-^1,499.................................
$1,500-$1,749...............................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,500-$2,999............................... .
$3,000-43,499_______________
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000 and over.............................
Salaried business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$'1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249_.................................
See p. 177 for notes on this table.

(2)

(3)

Average money expenditure for recreation
Paid admissions
Total
(4)

Movies
(6)

326
924
1,362
1,547
1,226
1,080
1,013
679
462
247
151
107
99
116

31
67
72
157
139
143
144
131
109
62
54
47
42
46

$9
7
14
24
26
45
40
60
54
77
94
129
144
176

$1
2
6
6
9
12
16
15
16
24
24
28
36
37

326
767
1,082
946
677
551
473
270
155

31
38
43
49
44
39
36
35
28

9
6
15
25
22
49
36
48
37

1
2
6
6
7
12
17
12
13

157
280
314
319
273
302
221
145

29
29
41
33
34
42
36
28

10
10
20
27
43
42
64
58

4
5
6
8
14
13
14
16

199
146
141
115
74
82
102
43
46
35
65

36
35
33
39
23
26
28
19
24
18
26

22
37
34
41
68
63
78
82
120
145
169

8
16
12
14
14
19
21
26
36
32
31

88
84
115
123
114

31
27
37
27
37

32
39
46
49
74

10
10
14
18
22

Equip
ment for
games Other 1
and
Other * sports
(6)
(7)
(8)

8

(*)
(*)

(*)

♦ Average a m o u n ts o f le s s th a n $1 a n d p e r c e n ta g es o f le ss th a n 0.1 are n o t s h o w n




$i
2
3
5
4
4
5
7
12
13
11
18

$1
1
1
2
2
6
4
9
6
11
13
20
30
26

$7
4
6
14
12
22
16
32
27
35
45
68
67
95

1
2
2
4
4
2
3

1
1
2
2
1
6
2
8
3

7
3
6
15
12
27
13
26
18

1
2
4
7
3
5
6

1
1
1
3
5
6
12
7

4
4
11
12
17
20
33
29

2
4
4
4

2
6
4
7
6
7
4
8
30
39
82

10
11
14
16
42

6

4
5
3
10
11
22
2
2
7

2

5

4

5

5

6
6

33

48
45
44
63

84

18
20
24
18
42

175

TABULAR SUMMARY
W EST C EN TR A L,

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

9.— R ecreation: Average money expenditure for recreation of specified types,
by occupation, family typey and income, in 1 yearf 1985-S6— Continued

T able

Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Reportex
Eligible ing
pend!tures

(1)

S'
l
s

Salaried business and professional—Continued
$2,25&-$2,499................ -................
$2,50G-$2,999...................................
$3,000-33,499...................................
$3,600-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999..................................
$5,000 and over.............................
Family type: Type 1
$250-$499.........................................
$500-$749________ ____________
$750-$999_______ _____________
$1,000-$1,249_________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749_........ .......................
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,250-$2,499..................................
$2,500-$2,999_________________
$3,000-$3,499________________ _
$3,500-33,999_________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________
$5,000 and over..............................
Types II and III
*250-*499___ ___________
$750-$999________ ____________
$1,00031,249_________________
$1,250-$1,499..................................
$1,50031,749.......... -...............— $1,75031,999_________________
$2,00032,249...... ...................... —
$2,25032,499_______________
$2,50032,999...................................
$3,00033,499...................................
$3,50033,999_________ _______
$4,00034,999_________________
$5,000 and over.......................
Types IV and V
$2503499.........................................
$5003749.......................................
$7503999________ ____________
$1,00031,249_________________
$1,25031,499..................................
$1,50031,749_________________
$1,75031,999.......... .......................
$2,00032,249........................... — .
$2,25032,499.......... -...........-.........
$2,50032,999................................ .
$3,00033,499_______________ $3,50033,999..................................
$4,00034,999........................... .
$5,000 and over.............................

(3)

(2)

Average money expenditure for recreation
Paid admissions
Total
(4)

Movies

Other

(5)

(6)

80
145
108
61
64
51

27
34
35
23
24
20

$69
76
99
136
143
184

$16
26
24
22
39
45

143
317
402
471
323
268
301
188
137
59
37
30
27
28

6
15
12
35
28
26
31
26
26
15
12
11
13
9

4
4
10
13
15
58
28
64
37
40
82
101
136
85

2
7
5
7
10
8
14
14
15
26
11
29
26

110
321
574
571
453
362
329
201
102
65
37
19
20
29

12
27
38
62
58
61
61
49
38
20
18
14
11
16

13
8
14
29
28
52
44
64
69
80
87
158
163
308

2
2
5
7
9
14
16
16
16
16
21
43
35
32

73
286
386
505
450
450
383
290
223
123
77
58
52
59

13
25
22
60
53
56
52
56
45
27
24
22
18
21

13
9
18
29
31
32
46
54
57
92
104
133
140
153

3
3
7
8
9
12
21
15
17

(*)
(*)

(*>

33

25
32
41
45

See p. 177 for notes on this table.

Other
(8)

$7
9
16
16
11
14

$11
16
15
13
24
18

1
1
2
4
3
4
2
4
8
9
9
11

2
1
2
7
5
2
9
9
8
25
28
8

1
1
2
4
5
4
6
9
9
21
7
24

1
1
2
2
2
8
5
13
7
15
20
34
38
51

10
5
6
19
15
26
18
31
40
40
37
60
83
201

3

7
5
10
16
14
11
17
25
30
42
52
76
67

(*)

‘ Average am ounts of less tha n $1 and percentages of less tha n 0.1 are not shown.




Equip
ment for
games
and
sports
(7)

1
4
4
6
4
4
5
8
16
13
14
19

O

1
1
4
3

4
10
5
9
11

12
28
23

$35
25
44
85
69
107

(*)

4
2
6
4
37
12
44
12
12
40
56
70
40

66

Footnotes for Tables in Expenditure Tabular Summary

W e s t C e n t r a l , M i d d l e -S iz e d C i t i e s : D

ubuque and

S p r in g f ie l d

TABLE 1
* See glossary, appendix B, for eligibility requirements.
* Money income is equal to the sum of money expenditure (column 7) plus net surplus or deficit (column 8)
plus net balancing difference (column 9).
3 Nonmoney income from housing includes imputed income from owned family or vacation homes plus
rent received as pay or gift (average amounts based on all families, whether or not they reported such non
money income).
4 Includes purchases on cash or credit basis. Does not include money disbursements resulting in an
increase in family assets or a decrease in liabilities. (Examples of disbursements not treated as expenditures
will be found in the glossary, appendix B.)
3 See glossary, appendix B, for definitions of surplus and deficit.
6 Represents the average net difference between reported money receipts and reported money disburse
ments. See glossary, appendix B. A maximum balancing difference within 5.5 percent was allowable on
each schedule.
TABLE 1-A
1 A surplus represents an increase in assets or a decrease in liabilities, or both; a deficit represents a decrease
in assets or an increase in liabilities, or both.
2 Some families reported neither surplus nor deficit for the year, therefore the sum of columns 5 and 6 does
not always equal 100 percent.
3 Since the average amounts in these two columns are based on the number of families reporting surplus or
deficit, respectively, they do not add to the average net surplus or deficit shown in column 4 for all families.
TABLE 2
1 The averages in this table include money expenditures for goods and services purchased on either cash or
credit basis. They do not include value of goods and services received without money expense. Averages
are based on all families, whether or not they reported expenditures for the specified categories.
2 Housing expenditures include the money expense of home owners and rent contracted for by renting
families for family homes and other housing. The value of fuel, light, and refrigeration is included when
furnished by the landlord and included in the rental rate.
3 Includes all expenditures for operation and maintenance (see table 8), and the net purchase price (gross
price less trade-in allowance) of automobiles bought during the schedule year. The proportion of automo
bile expense chargeable to business has been deducted. See glossary, appendix B.
4 Includes paid admissions, equipment and supplies for games, sports and other recreation, club dues, and
the like. Does not include expense for transportation, food, or lodging while on vacation.
* Taxes include only poll, income, and personal-property taxes. All other taxes, such as those on real
estate, amusements, and retail sales taxes are included as a part of the expenditure for these items. Gifts do
not include gifts from one member of the economic family to another.
TABLE 3
2 Includes expenditures for board at school, which amounted to less than 5 percent of average food expense
for all families. Among families in the business and professional categories, it amounted at most to an aver
age of $57, at the income level $5,000 and over. For families of types IV and V, it amounted at most to
an average of $63, at the income level $5,000 and over.
2 See glossary, appendix B, for method of deriving this figure.
TABLE 4
2 Includes housing expenditure for both owners and renters. Average amounts for renting families are
based on rental rate contracted for. Value of fuel, light, and refrigeration is included when furnished by the
landlord and included in the rental rate. See table 4-A for percentage of families for whom these facilities
were included as part of the rental rate.
2 See table 4-A for separation of expense for owning and renting families.
3 Includes net money expenditure for owned or rented vacation homes, lodging while traveling or on
vacation, and room at school.
4 See glossary, appendix B, for method of deriving this figure. Includes nonmoney income from owned
vacation homes, which amounted at most to an average of less than $1 for all families, at any income level.
4 Percentages based on the average value of all housing (column 6).

176




TABULAR SUMMARY

177

TABLE 4-A
1 These two percentages do not always add to 100, since families that both owned and rented during the
year, or received rent as gift or pay, are not included in columns 4 through 7.
2 Percentages based on renting families reporting these facilities included in rent at the end of the schedule
year.
TABLE 5
1 Excludes value of fuel, light, and refrigeration furnished by the landlord and included in the rental rate.
Fuel received without money expense is not included in this average, but amounted to less than 5 percent
of money expense for fuel, light, and refrigeration for all families with incomes of $750 and over.
2 See glossary, appendix B, for items included.
TABLE 6
1 Value of clothing gifts from one family number to another are included in the average expenditure for the
member receiving such gifts. Gifts of clothing to or from individuals outside the economic family are
excluded.
2 For families of type I, averages and percentages shown in columns 7 and 10 are for individuals who were
members of the economic family less than 27 weeks, and were therefore not considered equivalent members
in determining family type. See glossary, appendix B, for method of classifying families by type.
TABLE 7
1 See glossary, appendix B, for items included.
TABLE 8
1 To obtain the average cost of operation for families owning automobiles, divide the average shown in
this column by the corresponding figure in column 4 and multiply by 100.
2 To obtain the average net purchase price (gross price less trade-in allowance) for families purchasing auto
mobiles, divide the average shown in this column by the corresponding figure in column 5 and multiply by
100.
TABLE 9
1See glossary, appendix B, for items included.




WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

178

D EN VER , COLO.

T

1.— B alance of fam ily in com e and expenditure: Number of eligible
families, number reporting expenditures, average net money and nonmoney income,
average money expenditure for family living, net surplus or deficit, and balancing
difference, by occupation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-36

able

PWhite nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Number of fam
ilies
Occupational group, family
type, and income class
(1)

Report
ex
Eligible1 ing
pendi
tures
(2)
(3)

A ll families
966
$500-$749_..................................
$750-3999...................................
2, 622
$1,000-$1,249_____ _________ 3, 522
$1,250-$1,499.............................. 3, 870
$1,500-$1,749.................. ........... 4,032
3,492
$1,750-31,999...........................
$2,000-$2,249_______________ 3,240
$2,250-$2,499_______________ 2,142
$2,500-$2,999................ ............. 2, 976
$3,000-33,499.................. ........
1,038
726
$3,500-33,999.........................
$4,000-$4,999...........................
1,020
960
$5,000-37,499____ ____ _____
384
$7,500 and over____________
Occupational group: Wage
earner
$500-3749.................................. .
966
$750-3999................................... 1,992
$1,000-31,249.............. ............... 2, 502
1,956
$1,250-31,499______________
$1,500-31,749.................. ........... 1,632
1,218
$1,750-31,999...........................
$2,000-32,249..____________ 1,170
$2,250-32,499.................. ...........
498
$2,500-32,999_______________
594
Clerical
630
$750-3999________ _______ _
$1,000-31,249.............. ............... 1,020
$1,250-31,499.........................
1,068
1, 380
$1,500-31.749...........................
1,194
$1,750-31,999...................... .
1,056
$2,000-32,249...........................
774
$2,250-32,499................. ...........
$2,500-32,999______ ________ 1,074
Independent business and
professional
492
$1,250-31,499.................... .........
594
$1,500-$1,749______ ________
540
$1,750-31,999______ ________
$2,000-32,249..............................
498
396
$2,250-32,499.............................
$2,600-32,999..............................
516
$3,000-33,499_______________
408
294
$3,500-$3,999____ __________
318
$4,000-34,999.................. 1.........
432
$5,000-$7,499..............................
246
$7,500 and over.........................
See p. 218 for notes on this table.




Average net income

Average
money
expendi
Non ture for
family
Total M oney3 money
from living *
housing3
(5)
(4)
(7)
(6)

Average
net sur
plus or
deficit
(-)«

Average
net bal
ancing
differ
ence •

(8)

(9)

19
58
81
132
144
166
141
147
170
77
54
81
51
25

$644
876
1,125
1,375
1,612
1,864
2,112
2,372
2,717
3,219
3, 719
4,431
5,911
10, 310

$599
820
1,070
1,312
1,543
1,785
2,001
2,235
2,587
3,031
3,555
4,171
5,607
9,611

$45
56
55
63
69
79
111
137
130
188
164
260
304
699

$747
902
1,116
1,384
1,592
1, 739
1,970
2,068
2,362
2,656
3,218
3,405
4, 527
7,169

-$133
-7 3
-3 9
-5 7
-3 4
65
42
169
226
384
373
789
1,104
2,448

—$15
-9
-7
-1 5
-1 5
-1 9
-11
-2
-1
-9
—36
-2 3
-24
—6

19
38
49
44
47
38
32
32
28

645
870
1,119
1,378
1, 618
1,865
2,130
2, 356
2,680

600
807
1,059
1,313
1, 556
l, 763
1,987
2,199
2, 553

45
63
60
65
62
102
143
157
127

748
894
1,082
1,362
1,588
1,680
2,056
2,002
2,175

-133
-8 0
-1 6
-2 5
-1 0
91
-6 8
214
360

-1 5
-7
-7
-2 4
-22
-8
-1
-1 7
18

20
32
34
35
39
33
35
43

894
1,137
1, 370
1,610
1,867
2,090
2,371
2,721

862
1, 093
1,320
1, 550
1,800
1,988
2,267
2,589

32
44
50
60
67
102
104
132

928
1, 201
1,441
1,644
1,757
1,850
2,032
2,357

-5 2
-9 8
-103
-8 9
64
155
227
235

-1 4
-1 0
-1 8
-5
-2 1
-1 7
8
-3

23
29
35
25
31
27
30
23
29
21
13

1,873
1,606
1,847
2,119
2,360
2,741
3,198
3,702
4, 393
5, 896
10, 280

1,315
1,483
1,782
1,997
2,154
2, 555
2,933
3,501
4, 068
5,638
9,463

58
123
65
122
206
186
265
201
325
258
817

1,272
1,488
1,703
1,969
2,031
2,494
2,537
3,098
3,171
4,719
6,664

31
11
112
29
129
68
412
436
954
984
2,839

12
-1 6
-3 3
-1
-6
-7
-1 6
-3 3
-5 7
-6 5
-4 0

179

TABULAR SUMMARY
D EN VER , COLO.

T able

1.—B alance of fam ily Incom e and expenditure: N um ber of eligible

fa m ilies, num ber reporting expenditures , average net m oney and nonm oney incom e,
average m oney expenditure fo r fa m ily living, n et su rplu s or deficit, and balancing
difference, by occupation, fa m ily type, and incom e, in 1 year, 1 93 5-86 —Continued
Number of fam
ilies

Occupational group, family
type, and income class
(1)

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(3)
(2)

Salaried business
174
$1,250-$1,499..........................
$1,600—$1,749.................. ...........
210
252
$1,750-$1,999_______________
204
$2,000-$2,249_____ _________
258
$2,250~$2,499......................
384
$2,500-$2,999_______________
354
$3,000-$3,499_______________
$3,500-$3,999..............................
318
$4,000-$4,999.................. ...........
450
$5,000-$7,499.................. ...........
390
$7,500 and over........................
108
Salaried professional
180
$1,250-$1,499_____ _________
216
$1,500-$1,749..............................
$1,750-$1.999................ .............
288
312
$2,000-$2,249_____ _________
216
$2,250-$2,499..............................
408
$2,500-$2,999..............................
276
$3,000-$3,499......................
114
$3,500-$3,999......................
252
$4,000-$4,999_____ _________
138
$5,000-$7,499..............................
$7,500 and over____________
30
Family type: Type I
$500-$749....................................
426
$750-$999..................................
966
$1,000-$1,249______ ________ 1,398
$1,250-$1,499____ __________ 1,308
$1,500-$1,749____ __________ 1,452
$1,750-$1,999____ __________ 1,284
$2,000-$2,249____ __________ 1,020
684
$2,250-$2,499_______________
960
$2,500-$2,999______ ________
$3,000-$3,499____ __________
306
$3,500-$3,999______________
204
$4,000-$4,999___ ____ ______
318
$5,000-$7,499_______________
228
$7,500 and over........................
96
Types II and III
$500-$749................... ................
354
$750-$999_________ ________ 1,080
$1,000-$1,249______ ________ 1,224
$1,250-$1,499.............. ............... 1,446
$l,50O-$l,749............................. 1, 260
$1,750-$1,999_______________ 1, 278
$2,000-$2,249_______________ 1, 062
$2,250-$2,499..........................
714
$2,500-$2,999................ .............
786
$3,000-$3,499____ __________
288
$3,500-$3,999.............................
246
252
$4,000-$4,999.............................
264
$5,000-$7,499.......................
90
$7,500 and over_______ ____
See p. 218 for notes on this table.




Average net income
Total
(4)

Average
money
expendi
Non ture for
family
Money money
from living
housing
(6)
(7)
CO

Average
net sur
plus or
deficit
< -)

Average
net bal
ancing
differ
ence

(8)

(9)

16
16
27
24
22
33
23
18
24
17
8

$1,418
1, 597
1,858
2,114
2,426
2, 678
3,245
3,716
4,460
5,837
11,022

$1,309
1, 552
1,778
2,051
2,270
2, 616
3,083
3, 591
4,235
5,453
10,546

$109
45
80
63
156
62
162
125
225
384
476

$1,629
1,639
1,904
2,031
2,194
2,474
2, 711
3,353
3, 563
4,339
8,953

-$315
-5 2
-107
56
96
155
371
296
686
1,143
1,491

—$5
-3 5
-1 9
-3 6
-2 0
-1 3
1
-5 8
-1 7
-2 9
102

15
17
27
27
27
39
24
13
28
13
4

1,349
1,603
1,885
2,102
2,365
2,769
3,217
3,765
4,427
6,167
8,000

1,260
1,550
1,832
2,070
2,306
2,647
3,109
3,589
4,186
5,945
7.473

89
53
53
32
59
122
108
176
241
222
527

1,365
1,536
1,838
2,007
2,264
2,381
2,760
3,148
3,413
4,461
4,911

-114
27
24
85
23
271
360
425
762
1,368
2,688

'
-1 3
-3 0
-2 2
19
-5
-1 1
16
11
116
-126

7
12
27
32
32
41
34
33
31
14
8
21
8
6

660
863
1,112
1,361
1,611
1,856
2,093
2,372
2,704
3,200
3, 717
4,428
5,905
10,291

578
788
1,050
1,332
1, 555
1,751
1,969
2,230
2, 556
2, 926
3,616
4,136
5,476
9,739

82
75
62
29
56
105
124
142
148
274
101
292
429
552

815
786
1,069
1,329
1, 554
1, 688
1,870
1,980
2,305
2,424
3,252
3,055
3,982
5,914

-221
3
-9
9
25
78
116
248
258
498
451
1,091
1, 553
3,864

-1 6
-1
-1 0
-6
-2 4
-1 5
-1 7
2
-7
4
-8 7
-1 0
-5 9
-3 9

8
33
30
57
58
73
60
59
7
30
20
26
19
7

644
872
1,131
1,378
1,602
1,869
2,100
2,381
2,705
3,217
3, 717
4,363
5,901
9,880

638
834
1,105
1,321
1,544
1,833
2,016
2,259
2,593
3,089
3, 566
4,159
5,449
9,247

6
38
26
57
58
36
84
122
112
128
151
204
452
633

705
968
1,182
1,448
1, 596
1,801
1,925
2,119
2,423
2,672
3,222
3, 547
4, 497
6,396

-5 0
-118
-6 9
-103
-3 7
58
123
144
192
390
366
658
945
2,735

-1 7
-1 6
-8
-2 4
-1 5
-2 6
-3 2
-4
-2 2
27
-2 2
-4 6
7
116

180

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
D EN VER , COLO.

T

1.— B alance of fam ily in com e and expenditure: Number of eligible
families, number reporting expenditures, average net money and nonmoney income,
average money expenditure for family living, net surplus or deficit, and balancing
difference, by occupation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 1985-36— Continued

able

Number of fam
ilies
Occupational group, family
type, and income class
0)
Types IV and V
$500-$749__.................................
$750-$999...................................
$1,000-$1,249____ __________
$1,250-$1,499..........................
$1,500-$1,749.................... .........
$1,750-$1,999.................... .........
$2,000-$2,249.............................
$2,250-$2,499.................... .........
$2,500-$2,999..............................
$3,000-$3,499........................—
$3,500-$3,999______ ________
$4,000-$4,999.............................
$5,000-$7,499__............ .............
$7,500 and over____________

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)
(3)
186
576
900
1,116
1,320
930
1,158
744
1,230
444
276
450
468
198

See p. 218 for notes on this table.




4
13
24
43
54
52
47
55
65
33
26
34
24
12

Average net income
Total
(4)
$611
906
1,134
1,390
1,621
1,868
2,139
2, 362
2, 735
3,235
3, 719
4,471
5,919
10,515

Average
money
expendi
Non ture for
family
Money money
from living
housing
(5)
(0)
(7}
$573
849
1,051
1,278
1,528
1,768
2,016
2, 215
2,607
3,066
3, 498
4, 203
5,760
9,716

$38
57
83
112
93
100
123
147
128
169
221
268
159
799

$674
974
1,101
1,365
1,630
1,725
2,098
2,098
2,369
2,805
3,189
3, 572
4,810
8,132

Average
net sur
plus or
deficit
(-)

Average
net bal
ancing
differ
ence

(8)

(9)

—$90
-116
-4 5
-7 4
-9 7
58
-9 7
121
221
302
321
647
975
1,631

-$11
-9
-5
-1 3
-5
-1 5
15
-4
17
-4 1
-1 2
-1 6
-2 5
-4 7

TABULAR SUM M ARY

181

DENVER, COLO.
1-A.— Net surplus or deficit: P ercentage of fa m ilies having a surplu s or
deficit , and average am ounts reported , by occupation , fa m ily ty p e , and incom e , in 1
yea r , 1 9 8 5 -3 6 1

T able

[White nonrelicf families including husband and wife, both native born]
Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Eligible

(1)
All families
$500-$749_________ ___________
$750-$999________________ _
$1,000-$1,249_________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999_________________
$3,000-$3,499_________________
$3,500-83,999_________________
$4,000-84,999_________________
$5,000-87,499.-_______________
$7,500 and over__.........................
Occupational group: Wage
earner
$500-8749____________________
$750-8999_______ _____________
$1,000-81,249_________________
$1,250-81,499____ _____________
$1,500-81,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-82.249_________________
$2,250-82,499_________________
$2,500-82,999_________________
Clerical
$750-8999____________________
$1,000-81,249_________________
$1,250-81,499--_______________
$1,500-81,749_________________
$1,750-81,999___ ____ _________
$2,000-82,249_________________
$2,250-82,499________ ________
$2,500-82,999_________________
Independent business and
professional
$1,250-81,499._____ ___________
$1,500-81,749_________________
$1,750-81,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-82,999_________________
$3,000-83,499_________________
$3,500-83,999_________________
$4,000-84,999_________________
$5,000-87,499____________ ____
$7,500 and over_______________
See p. 218 for notes on this tabic.




(2)

2

Reporting ex
pend!turcs
(3)

Percentage of fami Average amount for
lies having 2—
families having3—
Average
net
surTvlnc
Al*
pilla Ui
deficit
Surplus Deficit Surplus Deficit
(->
(4)

(6)

(5)

966
, 622
3, 522
3, 870
4,032
3, 492
3, 240
2,142
,976
1,038
726
, 020
960
384

19
58
81
132
144
166
141
147
170
77
54
81
51
25

-$133
-7 3
-3 9
-5 7
-34
65
42
169
226
384
373
789
1,104
2,448

23
31
51
60
63
64
67
73
73

966
1,992
2, 502
1.956
1, 632
, 218
1, 170
498
594

19
38
49
44
47
38
32
32
28

-133
-8 0
-16
-2 5

23
30
58
63
61

2
1

1

1,1,068
063020

20

1, 380
1,194
1, 956
774
1,074

32
34
35
39
33
35
43

492
594
540
498
396
516
408
294
318
432
246

23
29
35
25
31
27
30
23
29
13

21

-10
91
-68
214
360

-5 2
-98
-103
-8 9
64
155
227
235
31
11
112
29
129
68
412

436
954
984
2,839

86
79
90
88
89

68

60
78
90

33
27
56
67

68
82
83
64

68
66

71
65
52

76
76
80
98
97
93 ,

(7)

(8)

61
53
49
37
36
34
32
27
26
13

$43
99
144
245
231
331
421
476
577
927
1, 352
3,418

68
111

$235
179
180
332
349
272
351
274
306
198
413
450
769
5,088

61
52
42
34
39
32
40

66

2210

43
108
125
134
2.54
353
436

235
191
189
309
237
251
485
277
320

53
73
42
33
27
18
17
36

78
70
79
137
232
228
337
483

146
160
351
550
349
168
293
209

29
25
32
43
34
24

125
169
268
254
346
326
600
692
1,008
1,037
3,220

2110
1112

20
202
3
7

212

202
423

194
244
296
740
234
582
1, 250
677

2,000

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

182

DENVER, COLO
T a b l e 1-A.—Net surplus or deficit: Percentage of fa m ilies having a surplu s or
deficit , and average am ounts reported , by occupation , fa m ily ty p e , and incom e , tV? I
2/ear, 1 9 3 5 -3 6 —Continued
Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Eligible

0)
Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499____ _____ _______
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249__........ - ..................
$2,250-$2,499______ ___________
$2,500-$2,999______ ___________
$3,000-$3,499_____ ____ _______
$3,500-$3,999_.......... .....................
$4,000-$4,999_________________
$5,000-$7,499_________________
$7,500 and over______________
Salaried professional
$1,250-$1,499..................................
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999_.................................
$2,000-$2,249__...............................
$2,250-$2,499_.................................
$2,500-$2,999_______________
$3,000-$3,499___ ______ _______
$3,500-$3,999_________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________
$5,000-$7,499-------------------------$7,500 and over______________
Family type: Type 1
$500-$749 ............................. .
$750-$999.........................................
$l,00b-$l,249_____ ____________
$1,250-$1,499— .............................
$1,500-$1,749-------------------------$1,750-$1,999_.................................
$2,000-$2,249........ ................... .
$2,250-$2,499................-.........$2,500-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999_.................................
$4 000-$4,qQO
$5 000-$7,49°
$7*600 and nvar
Types II and III
$500-$749....................................... .
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249_........ .................
$1,250-$1,499_............................. .
$1,600-$1,749............................... $1,760-$1,999_............................... $2,000“$2,249............................... .
$2,250-$2,499_.......... .....................
$2,500-$2,999............ ......................
$3,000-$3,499-.................................
$3,50O-$3,999_............................... .
$4,000~$4,999_______________
$5,000-$7,499.......... ........................
$7,500 and over................ ............
See p. 218 for notes on this table.




(2)

210

174
252
204
258
384
354
318
450
390
108

Reporting ex
pend itures
(3)
16
16
27
24

22

33
23
18
24
17

8

180
216
288
312
216
408
276
114
252
138
30

15
17
27
27
27
39
24
13
28
13
4

426
966
1, 398
1,308
1,452
1,284
684
960
306
204
318
228
96

7
27
32
32
41
34
33
31
14

1,020

354
1,080
1,224
1,446
1,260
1,278
1,062
714
786
288
246
252
264
90

12

2188
6
8
33

30
57
58
73
60
69
74
30

20
26
19
7

Percentage of fami Average amount for
lies having—
families having—
Average
net sur
plus or
deficit
Surplus Deficit Surplus Deficit
(-)
(4)

(6)

(5)

(7)

-$315
-5 2
-107
56
96
155
371
296
1,143
1,491

28
36
33
70
58
63
97
81
84
84
76

72
58
67
30
42
35
3
19
16
16
24

$107
156
175
313
366
385
420
891
1,590
4,238

-114
27
24
85
23
271
360
425
762
1,368

57
55
58
67
59
76
73
90
74

43
36
42
33
38

82
184
247
308

686

2,688
-2218

86
100

2114
27
10
25

201

221

422
448
741
874
1,882

2,688

86

-9
9
25
78
116
248
258
498
451
1,091
1, 553
3,864

34
62
75
71
76
76
71
89
76

100
100
100

32 ............79"
38
91
28
118
23
29
279
24
242
24
397
29
453
5
580
24
607
1,091
1, 553
3,864

-5 0
-118
-6 9
-103
-3 7
58
123
144
192
390
366
658
945
,735

38
30
47
52
60
56
76
67
91
78
87
75
91

50
61
f3
46
40
38
32
24
31
9

2

68

68

122

22
13
25
9

24
61
104
182
231
273
286
445
444
509
842
1,659
3,061

120

(8)
$479
189
247
277

201

216
30
232
423
7,208

1,121
376
204
282
359
284
243
187
442
305
159
258
76
169
255
286
414
273
238
377
55

212

118
223
223
362
870
185
192
803
339
141
141
565
1,244
607

183

TABULAR SUM M ARY

DENVER, COLO.
T a b l e 1-A.— Net surplus or deficit: Percentage of fa m ilies having a su rplu s or
deficit, and average am ounts reported, by occupation, fa m ily type, and incom e, in 1
year, 193 5-86 — Continued
Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Eligible
(2)

(1)
Types IV and V
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999......................... ...............
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499_.................................
$1,500-$1,749.............................. .
$1,750-$1,999_.................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499-________________
$2,500-$2,999_______ __________
$3,000-$3,499_.................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999__...........................
$5,000-$7,499.......... ........................
$7,600 and over_______________
See p. 218 for notes on this table.

125019

-40-




•13

186
576
900
1,116
1,320
930
1,158
744
1, 230
444
276
450
468
198

Report
ing ex
pendi
tures
(3)
4
13
24
43
54
52
47
55
65
33
26
34
24

12

Percentage of fami Average amount for
lies having—
families having—
Average
net sur
plus or
deficit
Surplus Deficit Surplus Deficit
(-)
(4)
—$90
-116
-4 5
-7 4
-9 7
58
-9 7

121
221
302

321
647
975
1,631

(5)

(6)
50
28
39
62
51

66

59
67
78
80
83
85
90
82

(7)
25
72
61
38
45
34
39
32

2022
17
15
1018

$64
64
114
91
133

211

176
309
386
422
613
838
1,099
3,340

(8)
$488
186
145
347
367
238
517
274
381
188
1,075
403
129
, 049

6

T able

2 .—

Summary of family expenditure:

DENVER, COLO.
Average money expenditure fo r specified groups of goods and ;services , by occupation , fa m ily
type , and incom e , in I 2/ear, 1 93 5-86 1

.

00
^

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class
(D

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)

966
2,622
3,522
3,870
__ 4,032
$1,7fin-$1,909
3,492
$2jnnn-$2I249
3,240
$2;9Jtt-$2;409
2,142
$2;*00-$2,Q99
2,976
1,038
^nnn-ijLv09
$3,snn-$3fi»fl
726
$4;nnn-$4,999
$5,000-$7,499._............
960
$7,fiDO find n v p r _
384

1,020




(4)

(5)

Household
operation

Food

(6)

Con
FurOther Per Med
For tribu
nishAuto
tions
ings Cloth mo trans sonal ical Recre To Read mal and Other
Hous Fuel,
and ing bile* porta care care ation 4 bacco ing educa per items
ing* light,
tion
tion sonal
equip
and Other ment
taxes 5
refrig
eration
(8)
(10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21)
(7)
(9)
Average money expenditure in dollars

AU families
$*n(V-.$749
$7Sn-$999
$l;ftOO-$lJ249 _
$1r2f?ft-$lr499

All families
$*nn-$749
$750-$999_....................
$irnno-$l,249_...
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749...............

(3)

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family

19
58
81
132
144
166
141
147
170
77
54
81
51
25

2.8

3.1
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.4
3.5
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.3

747
902
1,116
1,384
1,592
1,739
1,970
2,068
2,362
2,656
3,218
3,405
4,527
7,169

295
328
388
419
477
499
547
571
611
669
711
812
972
1,264

154
168
175
203
234
274
259
275
325
380
428
452
558
685

66

65
79
97
96
114
125
130
131
161
179
180
196
250

29
32
38
55
62
77
95
95
114
158
207
341
572

212

17
29
42
47
57
72
98
83
80
81
94
98
315

68

47
73
105
135
166
177
209
234
279
321
389
452
604
884

37
60
87
142
170
172
233
248
302
273
403
348
459
739

14
16
19
31
24
31
34
41
48
36
48
94

21

101

21

16
28
34
39
39
42
47
53
59
64
73
94
no

33
39
55
93
108
107
109

111
120
120

246
179
235
345

8 2014 117 22
23
11 115
29
16
18
30
8
17
30
12
31
2119 292315
38
22
33
24
34
38

18
30
35
46
61
65
73
83
119
146
165
293
440

45
49
98

68

32
33
43
41

9
17
26
38
43
58
81
91
118
156
40 189
53 228
344
164 1,144

86

(*)

2

5
9
7

6
11189
16
22
27

35
24

Percentage of total money expenditures
966
2,622
3,522
3,870
4,032

19
58
81
132
144

2.8
100.0
3.8 100.0
3.1 100.0
3.1 100.0
3.2 100.0

39.5
36.4
34.8
30.3
30.0

20.
6
18.6
15.7
14.7
14.8

8.7
7.3
7.1
7.0

6.0

3.9
3.5
3.4
4.0
3.9

2.3
3.3
3.8
3.4
3.6

6.3
8.1
9.4

9.8
10.4

4.9
6.7
7.8
10.3

10.6

2.1
1.8 2.5
2.3

1.9
1.7
1.5
1.9

2.4
2.5

1 0.3 1.2
1.9 0.9
1.1 2.2
1.2
.2.4 2.31.9 (*)0.2.4
2.0
2.1
1.0
2.7
2.1
1.2
.6
6.8 2.5
2.9
1.9
1.1 .5.8 2.7
2.7
.4

4.4
4.3
4.9
6.7

W E S T C E N T R A L -R O C K Y M O U N T A I N R E G IO N

Number of
families

$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249.............
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-$4,999............. .
$5,000-$7,499_______
$7,500 and over_____

Wage earner
$500-$749__.......... ......
$750-$999__..................
$1,000-$1,249_..............
$1,250-$1,499_______
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999______
$2,000-$2,249__............
$2,250-$2,499___..........
$2,500-$2,999__............

1,020

166
141
147
170
77
54
81
51
25

3.2
3.3
3.2
3.4
3.5
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.3

100.
100.000 28.7
27.8
100.
27.7
100.
0
26.0
100.0 25.2
22.1
100.00 23.9
100.
21.5
100.
0
100.0 17.6

15.8
13.2
13.3
13.8
14.3
13.3
13.2
12.3
9.5

4.1
6.6 4.4
4.8 5.0
4.6 3.3
4.8 3.5
3.0
6.1 6.0
5.6 6.4 2.5
5.3 6.2 2.8
7.5 2.2
4.3
3.5 8.0 4.4
6.3
6.3
5.5

10.
10.
62
11.3
11.18
12.
12.1
13.3

13.4
12.3

11.9.908
12.
12.28
10.
12.6
10.2
10.
1
10.4

1.6
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.1.41
2.2
1.3
1.4

2.2 6.2
3.5
1.7
3.3
2.1
5.6
1.6 1.0
1.0
.8.71
2.3 5.3
3.5
1.8
1.0
1.
2.2 4.55.1 4.53.5 1.41.4 .9.9 1.31.2
2.2
1.2
4.5
1.4
1.0
2.0
2.1 5.27.6
5.3 4.8
1.4
1.0.9 1.91.6
2.1
6.5
1.5
1.5 4.8
6.1 1.4 .6 2.3

3.3
4.1
4.4
5.0
5.9
5.9
6.7
7.6
16.0

.3
.4
.5

.6.8
.7
.8.3.8

Average money expenditure in dollars
966
1,992
2, 502
1,956
1, 632
1,218
1,170
498
594

19
38
49
44
47
38
32
32
28

2.8

3.1
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.4
3.5
3.6

748
894
1,082
1,362
1,588
1,680
2,056
2,175

2,002

295
329
389
409
493
510
551
625
648

154
160
163
187

201
241
196
222
273

65
65
77
94
81
113
125
117
119

29
30
35
49
59
69
99
93
83

17
30
39
51
57
70
136
92

86

47
73
96
169
167
226
234
214

122

37
69
85
159
190
174
263
248
281

14
14
18
18
31

20

36
26
44

202716

30
40
38
43
50
49

8 2114 107 22 1410
24
1116 165 3626
102
27
16
33
10 34
66
16
102
28
32
152
66
2217 151713 4888
83
67
44
119
80
30
15
29
8868
33
39
50
125

17
31
33
42

(*)

61

13
7
3
5
13

8

Percentage of total money expenditures
966
1,992
2,502
1,956
1,632
1,218
1,170
498
594

19
38
49
44
47
38
32
32
28

2.8 100.
100.00
100.
100.000
100.
100.
100.000
100
100.0

3.1
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.4
3.5
3.6

39.4
36.8
36.0
30.0
31.1
30.4
26.8
31.2
29.7

20.6
17.9
15.0
13.7
12.7
14.3
9.5

8.7
7.3
7.1
6.9
5.1
6.7
5.9
5.5

11.61 6.1
12.

3.9
3.4
3.2
3.6
3.7
4.1
4.8
4.7
3.8

6.3
8.2
8.9

1.6
9.0
10.7
2.0
9.9
1.2
6.6 11.0
12.8 1.7
11.7
1.3
9.8
2.0

2.3
3.4
3.6
3.7
3.6
4.2
4.3
4.2

4.9
7.7
7.8
11.7
11.9
10.3
12.4
13.0

1.9
1.7
1.3

2.1 4.3
4.4
1.1
2.2
1.9
2.5 4.6 2.9
2.2
2.4
7.5
2.6
2.5 7.9
2.3
6.1
3.9
7.4 3.2
2.1
2.5 4.2 3.3
2.2
5 5 3.7

1.9
2.3

2.2
2.0
2.1
1.7
21.6
2
1.4

0.9
1.1
1.0
1.2
1.0
1.0
1.1.8
.7

.2
1.2.6
.9
.8.6
1.3

0.3
.5

1.6
2.6
2.1
2.8
4.3
1.3
2.4

3.4
4.0

0.1.6
1.0.4
.2.4
.2.6

(*)

TABULAR SUM M A RY

Occupational group:
Wage earner
$500-^749_.
$750-$999_.
$1,000-$1,249.........
$1,250-$1,499............
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999_.............
$2,000-$2,249............. .
$2,250-$2,499_..............
$2,500-$2,999...............

3,492
3,240
2,142
2,976
1,038
726
960
384

See p. 218 for notes on this table.
* Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




00

Or

2 .—

Summary of family expenditure:
Average m oney expenditure for specified groups of goods and services , by occupation, fa m ily
type , and incom e , in 1 year , 1935-86 — Continued
Number of
families
Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)

(1)

1,020

630
1,068
$1,500-$1,749............... 1,380
$1,750-$1,999............... 1,194
$2,000-$2,249............. 1,056
$2,250-$2,499...............
774
$2,500-$2,999............... 1,074
$750-$999
$i,nnft-$i,249
$1,950-$1,499

(5)

(6)

20

32
34
35
39
33
35
43

3.0
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.5

1,1,441
292801

1,644
1, 757
1,850
2,032
2,357

324
384
426
458
499
534
567
583

195
203
229
273
281
288
270
309

71

84
101
105
121

123
137
127

37
46
64
60
75

24
48
56
69
83
76
62

88
85
112
86

75
130
159
158
183
197
226
286

35
93
130
161
151
171
204
294

22
20

26
36
32
30
43
61

23
32
39
38
40
40
49
54

38
66 393022 292016
81
119
52
29

105
70
109
119

15
13
15
19
15
17
24

1 2426
8 376653

4
5
7
13
24
34

4
4
5
9

6
116
14

58
67
69
76

32
32
39
33

2.4
2.5
2.7
3.2
3.3
3.6
3.4
3.2

0.4
1.6
1.7
0.1.3 2.8
1.1
2.0
.3
1.7
.4
2.6
.3
2.0
1.1
.5
3.2
.4
1.8
1.2
1.8 .9 .4 3.7 . 5
.6.3
1.7
1.2.9.9 1.41.2.7 5.06.2
1.9
5.8
1.4
.6

22

93
118
147

Percentage of total money expenditures

Clerical
...

$2,000-$2,249
$2,250-$2,499__ _
$2,500-$2,999_______




G)

Food

Con
FurnishOther Per Med
For tribu
tions
Auto
Cloth
ings
mal
Rec
To
Read
trans sonal ical
Hous Fuel,
and Other
ing light,
and ing mo
per items
bile porta
care care reation bacco ing educa
equip
tion
tion
and Other ment
sonal
refrigtaxes
erat on
(10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21;
(7)
(8)
(9)
Average money expenditure in dollars

Clerical

$1,000-$! ,249
$1,950-$1,499
$1,50ft-$1,749
$1,75ft-$l,999

(3)

Household
operation

1,020

630
1,068
1,380
1,194
1,056
774
1,074

20
32

34
35
39
33
35
43

3.0
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.5

100.
00
100.
100.
100.000
100.
100.
100.000
100.

34.7
32.0
29.5
27.8
28.4
28.9
27.9
24.7

20.9
16.9
15.9
16.6
16.0
15.6
13.3
13.1

7.6
7.0
7.0
6.4
6.9

6.6
6.7
5.4

4.0
3.8
4.5
3.6
4.3
4.8
4.2
4.8

3.0
4.0
3.8
4.2
4.7
4.1
3.1
3.7

8.0
10.
11.9.618

3.8
7.7
9.0
9.8

2.4
1.7

2. 5

4.1

5.5
5.6
1.8 2.7
2.7
2.2
2.3
7.2
10.4 8.6 1.8 2.3
6.0
10.7 9.2
1.6 2.2
3.8
11.11 10.0
2.1
2.4
5.4
12.
12.5 2.6 2.3
5.1

W E S T C E N T R A L —R O C K Y M O U N T A I N R E G IO N

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family

186

DENVER, COLO.

T able

Independent business
and professional
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749............. .
$1,750-$1,999_______
$2,000-$2,249_______
$2,250-$2,499_______
$2,500-$2,999...............
$3,000-$3,499_______
$3,500-$3,999_______
$4,000-$4,999_...........
$5,000-$7,499............. .
$7,500 and over..........

492
594
540
498
396
516
408
294
318
432
246

23
29
35
25
31
27
30
23
29
21
13

2.9
3.4
3.0
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.6
3.4
3.4
3.6
3.4

1,272
1,488
1,703
1,969
2,031
2,494
2,537
3,098
3,171
4, 719
6,664

433
493
471
574
561
625
652
719
812
1,049
1,290

190
214
309
240
266
326
343
442
418
605
738

102
109
109
128
138
141
173
207
200
190
243

57
69
98
103
109
126
172
243
274
346
575

29
32
34
73
36
62
69
92
60
90
236

115
154
170
199
218
332
280
372
370
668
813

91
140
191
308
277
392
328
299
248
427
492

16
18
11
25
15
20
43
44
43
100
93

31
38
37
44
42
53
52
58
62
95
117

64
75
89
101
120
85
95
211
149
193
342

31
47
50
53
73
92
124
149
172
396
449

32
23
25
26
30
30
27
41
65
90
123

18
19
20
16
19
26
22
34
28
38
34

10
8
15
18
19
36
47
30
24
82
189

48
45
69
56
84
137
100
142
195
326
918

5
4
5
5
24
11
10
15
51
24
12

2.4
3.2
2.9
2.7
3.6
3.7
4.9
4.8
5.4
8.4
6.7

2.5
1.5
1.5
1.3
1.5
1.2
1.1
1.3
2.0
1.9
1.8

1.4
1.3
1.2
.8
.9
1.0
.9
1.1
.9
.8
.5

0.8
.5
.9
.9
.9
1.4
1.9
.9
.8
1.7
2.8

3.8
3.0
4.1
2.8
4.1
5.5
4.0
4.6
6.1
6.9
13.8

0.4
.3
.3
.3
1.2
.4
.4
.5
1.6
.5
.2

Percentage of total money expenditures
492
594
540
498
396
516
408
294
318
432
246

23
29
35
25
31
27
30
23
29
21
13

2.9
3.4
3.0
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.6
3.4
3.4
3.6
3.4

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

34.1
33.1
27.6
29.2
27.7
25.1
25.7
23.2
25.6
22.3
19.4

14.9
14.4
18.1
12.2
13.1
13.1
13.5
14.3
13.2
12.8
11.1

8.0
7.3
6.4
6.5
6.8
5.7
6.8
6.7
6.3
4.0
3.7

4.5
4.6
5.8
5.2
5.4
5.1
6.8
7.8
8.6
7.3
8.6

2.3
2.2
2.0
3.7
1.8
2.5
2.7
3.0
1.9
1.9
3.5

9.0
10.3
10.0
10.1
10.7
13.3
11.0
12.0
11.7
14.2
12.2

7.2
9.5
11.2
15.7
13.6
15.7
12.9
9.7
7.8
9.1
7.4

1.3
1.2
.6
1.3
.7
.8
1.7
1.4
1.4
2.1
1.4

2.4
2.6
2.2
2.2
2.1
2.1
2.0
1.9
2.0
2.0
1.8

5.0
5.0
5.2
5.1
5.9
3.4
3.7
6.8
4.7
4.1
5.1

TABULAR SUMMARY

Independent business
and professional
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749__............
$1,750-$1,999.............
$2,000-$2,249.... ...........
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999„.......... .
$3,000-$3,499_______
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000-$7,499...............
$7,600 and over...........

Average money expenditure in dollars

See p. 218 for notes on this table.




OO

T a ble 2. — Summary

DENVER, CO LO .

of family expenditure:
Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services , by occupation , fam ily
typef and income , in 1 year , 1985-86 — Continued

Number of
families

(1)
Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,600- $1,749_______
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249_______
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999__............
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000-$7,499_..............
$7,500 and over_____
Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249_______
$2,250^2,499...............




Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Household
operation

Fur
nish
Other
trans
Hous
ings Cloth Auto
Food ing Fuel,
porta
and ing mo
bile
light,
tion
and Other equip
ment
refrig
eration
(7)
GO) (11) (12) (13)
(8)
(6)
(9)

Per Med Rec To Read For
mal
sonal ical reation
bacco ing educa
care care
tion
(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

(18)

(19)

Con
tribu
tions Other
and items
per
sonal
taxes
(20)

(21)

Average money expenditure in dollars
174
210
252
204
258
384
354
318
450
390
108

16
16
27
24
22
33
23
18
24
17
8

3.0
3.0
3.1
3.3
3.1
3.2
3.4
3.2
3.4
3.3
2.9

1,629
1,639
1,904
2,031
2,194
2,474
2,711
3,353
3, 566
4,339
8,953

492
487
536
547
568
614
673
697
830
902
1,288

256
244
278
375
299
414
387
433
502
521
591

122
128
109
126
124
149
159
156
168
197
276

73
59
91
89
105
135
137
184
186
366
632

24 169 126
85 233 144
114 196 167
44 217 232
75 282 307
65 287 357
81 347 230
84 419 410
84 503 379
95 536 466
553 1,143 1,311

33
18
30
27
48
20
48
21
44
83
9C

43
37
43
45
44
53
59
76
81
102
103

129
53
140
120
125
126
135
318
229
259
375

47
50
61
82
69
89
123
161
153
224
483

28
32
40
32
34
38
48
55
46
57
59

15
17
19
20
19
20
22
32
35
50
51

7
59
37
3
14
52
45
18
55
36
13
81
28 216
48 228
43 264
70 354
150 1,792

6
12
14
12
4
13
18
31
19
57
56

2.8
3.0
3.2
4.0
3.1

1.7
2.0
2.1
1.6
1.5

0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
.9

0.4
.2
.7
.9
1.6

0.4
.7
.7
.6
.2

Percentage of total money expenditures
174
210
252
204
258

16
16
27
24
22

3.0
3.0
3.1
3.3
3.1

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

30.2
29.7
28.2
26.9
25.9

15.7
14.9
14.6
18.5
13.6

7.5
7.8
5.7
6.2
5.7

4.5
3.6
4.8
4.4
4.8

1.5
5.2
6.0
2.2
3.4

10.4
14.2
10.3
10.7
12.9

7.8
8.8
8.8
11.4
14.0

2.0
1.1
1.6
1.3
2.2

2.7
2.3
2.2
2.2
2.0

7.9
3.2
7.4
5.9
5.7

3.6
2.3
2.7
2.2
2.5

00

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family

00

$2,500-$2,999................
$3.000-$3,499................
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000-$7,499__............
$7,500 and over..........

Salaried professional
$1,250-11,499...............
$1,500-11,749...............
$1,750-11,999...............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999...............
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-$4,999_..............
$5,000-$7,499__............
$7,500 and over_____

33
23
18
24
17
8

3.2
3.4
3.2
3.4
3.3
2.9

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

24.8
24.8
20.8
23.3
20.8
14.4

16.6
14.3
12.9
14.0
12.0
6.6

6.0
5.9
4.7
4.7
4.5
3.1

5.5
5.0
5.5
5.2
8.4
7.0

2.6
3.0
2.5
2.4
2.2
6.2

11.6
12 8
12.5
14.1
12.4
12.8

14.5
8.5
12.2
10.7
10.8
14.6

0.8
1.8
0.6
1.2
1.9
1.0

2.2
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.3
1.2

5.1
5.0
9.5
6.4
6.0
4.2

3.6
45
4.8
4.3
5.2
5.4

1.6
1.8
1.6
1.3
1.3
.6

.8
.8
1.0
1.0
1.2
.6

.5
1.0
1.4
1.2
1.6
1.7

3.3
7.9
6.8
7.4
8.1
20.0

.5
.7
.9
.5
1.3
.6

30
36
73
66
106
88
106
99
378
166
208

31
35
36
30
42
34
41
28
32
34
28

14
16
18
20
26
30
29
27
37
35
55

8
9
10
17
21
23
24
44
107
144
13

25
39
54
81
101
94
162
199
207
371
661

5
9
4
6
31
51
23
11
7
7
14

2.2
2.3
4.0
3.3
4.7
3.7
3.8
3.1
5.2
3.7
4.2

2.3
2.3
2.0
1.5
1.8
1.4
1.5
.9
.9
.8
.5

1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.0
.8
1.1
.8
1.1

0.6
.6
.5
.8
.9
1.0
.9
1.4
3.1
3.2
.3

1.8
2.5
2.9
4.0
4.5
3.9
5.9
6.2
6.1
8.3
13.5

0.4
.6
.2
.3
1.4
2.1
.8
.3
.3
.1
.3

Average money expenditure in dollars
180
216
288
312
216
408
276
114
252
138
30

15
17
27
27
27
39
24
13
28
13
4

2.8
2.7
2.9
3.2
3.1
3.1
3.4
3.3
3.5
3.9
3.9

1,365
1,536
1,838
2,007
2,264
2,381
2,760
3,148
3,413
4,461
4,911

384
440
473
533
483
612
687
732
781
933
974

220
280
321
352
410
364
426
383
406
516
590

68
88
104
124
131
128
147
169
179
213
215

48
90
72
98
101
129
164
175
183
255
340

31
29
71
104
93
107
97
47
153
129
109

151
165
196
204
239
281
345
349
467
597
537

176
177
208
201
274
187
250
652
415
544
715

25
37
26
25
32
33
55
57
60
155
112

40
35
38
40
46
54
68
47
73
68
78

109
51
134
106
128
166
136
129
128
294
262

Percentage of total money expenditures
180
216
288
312
,216
408
276
114
252
138
30

15
17
27
27
27
39
24
13
28
13
4

2.8
2.7
2.9
3.2
3.1
3.1
3.4
3.3
3.5
3.9
3.9

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

28.1
28.6
25.7
26.6
21.3
25.7
24.9
23.3
22.9
20.9
19.9

16.1
18.4
17.5
17.5
18.1
15.3
15.5
12.2
11.9
11.6
12.0

5.0
5.7
5.6
6.2
5.8
5.4
5.3
5.4
5.2
4.8
4.4

3.5
5.8
3.9
4.9
4.5
5.4
6.0
5.6
5.3
5.7
6.9

2.3
1.9
3.9
5.2
4.1
4.5
3.5
1.5
4.5
2.9
2.2

11.1
10.7
10.7
10.2
10.6
11.8
12.5
11.1
13.7
13.4
10.9

12.9
11.6
11.3
10.0
12.0
7.9
9.0
20.7
12.1
12.2
14.6

1.8
2.4
1.4
1.2
1.5
1.4
2.0
1.8
1.8
3.5
2.3

2.9
2.3
2.1
2.0
2.0
2.3
2.5
1.5
2.1
1.5
1.6

8.0
3.3
7.3
5.3
5.7
7.0
4.9
4.2
3.8
6.6
5.3

TABULAR SUMMARY

Salaried professional
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999— ..........
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999...............
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999— ..........
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000-$7,499._............
$7,500 and over_____

384
354
318
450
390
108

See p. 218 for notes on this table.




OO
CO

DENVER, COLO,
T a ble 3. — Summary of family expenditure: Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services, by occupation, fa m ily
type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-86 — Continued

0)

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)
(3)

Family type: Type I
$500-$749......................
$750-$999.....................
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749............. .
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249
$2,250-352,499
$2,500-$2,999_— ____j
$3,000-$3,499
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-$4,999
$5,000-$7,499...............
$7,500 and over..........
Type I
$500-$749.....................
$750-$999....................
$1,000-$1,249..............
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749_.............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999...............
$3,000-13,499...............




Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family
(4)

(5)

Household
operation

Fur
nish
Hous
ings Cloth Auto
Food ing Fuel,
and ing mo
light,
bile
and Other equip
ment
refrig
eration
(8)
(6)
(7)
(9) GO) (ID (12)

Con
Other Per Med
For tribu
tions
To Read mal and Other
trans
ical Recre
items
porta sonal
ation bacco ing educa per
tion care care
tion sonal
taxes
(13)

(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

11
13
29
32
46
56
65
65
79
97
141
112
421
412

13
17
19
30
32
32
32
29
30
34
40
49
68
161

1.3
1.6
2.7
2.4
3.0
3.3
3.5
3.3
3.5
4.0

1.6
2.2
1.8
2.3
2.0
1.9
1.7
1.5
1.3
1.4

(18)

(19)

(20)

(21)

Average money expenditure in dollars
426
966
1,398
1,308
1,452
1, 284
1,020
684
960
306
204
318
228
96

7
12
27
32
32
41
34
33
31
14
8
21
8
6

2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0

815
786
1,069
1,329
1, 554
1,688
1,870
1,980
2,305
2,424
3,252
3,055
3,982
5,914

337
291
347
375
408
425
485
525
519
525
639
640
800
1,074

133
184
185
230
263
266
269
263
344
290
464
442
453
469

74
48
74
79
74
93
93
100
106
145
183
151
122
235

30
27
40
50
66
79
107
89
99
179
275
212
381
650

29
24
34
35
45
109
112
64
71
56
111
76
84
678

54
58
100
113
147
163
163
208
243
282
373
390
579
811

60
31
87
165
191
217
242
315
387
283
360
276
30 S
368

9
20
16
17
35
15
25
31
45
40
46
29
19
71

18
19
29
30
38
33
38
41
46
47
82
66
116
84

23
18
58
99
126
114
90
102
107
142
247
154
189
97

14
21
36
40
59
65
115
110
186
270
227
383
392
743

(*) 3
3
19
5
5
14
17
17
12
24
38
5
15

1. 2
1.7
2.7
1.5
3.4
1.1
3.0
1.1 (*)
1.0 0.2 3.8
3.8
.9 (*)
.1
6.1
1.0
5.6
1.0 (*)
.3
8.1
.9
.9 ............ 11.1

(*)
0.4
.3
1.4
.3
.3
.7
.8
.7
.5

10
12
12
15
16
15
18
20
20
22
40
37
45
46

(*)

3
1
2
1
6

Percentage of total money expenditures
426
966
1,398
1,308
1,452
1,284
1,020
684
960
306

7
12
27
32
32
41
34
33
31
14

2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

41.5
36.9
32.5
28.3
26.3
25.2
26.0
26.5
22.5
21.7

16.3
23.3
17.3
17.3
16.9
15.8
14.4
13.3
14.9
12.0

9.1
6.1
6.9
5.9
4.8
5.5
5.0
5.0
4.6
6.0

3.7
3.4
3.7
3.8
4.2
4.7
5.7
4.5
4.3
7.4

3.6
3.3
3.2
2.6
2.9
6.4
6.0
3.2
3.1
2.3

6.6
7.5
9.4
8.5
9.5
9.7
8.7
10.5
10.5
11.6

7.3
3.9
8.1
12.4
12.3
12.8
13.0
15.9
16.7
11.6

LI
2.5
1.5
1.3
2.3
.9
1.3
1.6
2.0
1.7

2.2
2.4
2.7
2.3
2.4
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.0
1.9

2.8
2.3
5.4
7.4
8.1
6.8
4.8
5.2
4.6
5.9

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class

Number of
families

CO

O

$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-14,999...............
$5,000-$7,499...............
$7,500 and over..........

Types II and III
$500-8749......................
$750-$999.....................
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-81,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-82,249...............
$2,250-82,499...............
$2,500-82,999...............
$3,000-$3,499.............
$3,500-83,999...............
$4,000-84,999.............
$5,000-87,499_______
$7,500 and over_____

8
21
8
6

2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

19.7
20.9
20.1
18.2

14.4
14.5
11.4
7.9

5.6
4.9
3.1
4.0

8.5
6.9
9.6
11.0

11.5
12.8
14.5
13.7

11.0
9.0
7.8
6.2

1.4
.9
.5
1.2

2.5
2.2
2.9
1.4

7.6
5.1
4.7
1.6

4.3
3.7
10.6
7.0

1.2
1.6
1.7
2.7

1.2
1.2
1.1
.8

7.0
12.6
9.8
12.6

1.2
.1
.2

8
22
33
43
54
64
60
76
91
115
166
221
260
278

16
19
30
27
32
26
28
46
34
45
63
51
51
65

7
10
11
18
20
19
20
22
26
26
29
36
44
36

6
8
2
15
22
8
6
35
35
5
12
62
61
10
19
97
87
18
24 131
22 156
26 196
12 373
106 1,192

1
8
4
2
7
8
8
11
21
38
23
84
58

1.1
2.3
2.8
3.0
3.4
3.6
3.1
3.6
3.8
4.3
5.1
6.2
5.8
4.3

2.3
2.0
2.5
1.9
2.0
1.4
1.5
2.2
1.4
1.7
2.0
1.4
1.1
1.0

1.0
1.0
.9
1.2
1.3
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.0
.9
1.0
1.0
.6

0.8
.2
.7
.4
.3
.7
.5
.9
.7
.9
.7
.7
.3
1.7

.7

Average money expenditure in dollars
354
1,080
1,224
1,446
1,260
1, 278
1,062
714
786
288
246
252
264
90

8
33
30
57
58
73
60
59
74
30
20
26
19
7

3.5
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.0

705
968
1,182
1,448
1,596
1,801
1,925
2,119
. 2,423
2,672
3,222
3,547
4,497
6, 396

285
361
420
434
481
534
564
579
609
653
703
790
889
1,107

150
158
168
199
231
304
284
317
348
432
440
507
529
656

54
72
78
102
108
127
140
150
147
159
173
191
213
264

19
30
29
60
59
79
89
109
135
176
206
253
382
596

12
30
55
61
78
51
76
73
112
96
94
138
131
66

47
82
107
140
166
184
202
230
290
297
364
469
473
599

12
92
112
16$
184
155
208
188
286
281
433
330
576
748

14
17
16
21
21
26
29
35
24
35
18
47
89
147

15
20
27
36
37
41
42
46
53
62
57
71
92
124

52
37
58
102
83
110
104
124
152
119
260
198
299
354

Percentage of total money expenditures
354
1,080
1,224
1,446
1,260
1, 278
1,062
714
786
288
246
252
264
90

8
33
30
57
58
73
60
59
74
30
20
26
19
7

3.5
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

40.4
37.3
35.7
30.1
30.1
29.7
29.4
27.3
25.2
24.4
21.8
22.4
19.8
17.3

21.3
16.3
14.2
13.7
14.5
16.9
14.7
15.0
14.3
16.2
13.6
14.3
11.8
10.3

7.7
7.4
6.6
7.0
6.8
7.1
7.3
7.1
6.1
6.0
5.4
5.4
4.7
4.1

Bee p. 218 for notes on this table.
♦ Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




3.4
2.5
2.1
11.5

2.7
3.1
2.4
4.1
3.7
4.4
4.6
5.1
5.6
6.6
6.4
7.1
8.5
9.3

1.7
3.1
4.6
4.2
4.9
2.8
4.0
3.4
4.6
3.6
2.9
3.9
2.9
1.0

6.7
8.5
9.0
9.7
10.4
10.2
10.5
10.9
12.0
11.1
11.3
13.3
10.5
9.4

1.7
9.5
9.4
11.0
11.5
8.6
10.7
8.9
11.8
10.5
13.4
9.3
12.8
11.7

2.0
1.8
1.4
1.5
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.0
1.3
.6
1.3
2.0
2.3

2.1
2.1
2.3
2.5
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.3
1.8
2.0
2.0
1.9

7.4
3.8
4.9
7.0
5.2
0.1
5.4
5.8
6.3
4.4
8.1
5.6
6.6
5.5

*

1.1
1.5 ” ‘6."l
.7
1.9
2.4
.3
2.2
.1
3.4
.4
3.2
.4
4.6
.4
3.5
.4
4.9
.8
4.8
1.2
5.5
.6
8.3
1.9
18.7
.9

TABULAR SUMMARY

Types II and III
$500-16749_____ .
$750-$999......................
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249_..............
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999.............
$3,000-$3,499-..............
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-84,999...............
$5,000-$7,499.— ........
$7,500 and over_____

204
318
228
96

DENVER, COLO.

T a b l e 2 .—

Summary of family expenditure:
Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services, by occupation, fa m ily
typef and income , in 1 year , 1985-36 — Continued
Number of
families

(1)
Types IV and V
$500-$749— ........ .
$750-$999.....................
$1,090-$!,249. ............
$1,250-11,499...............
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999.........
$2,000-$2,249
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-82,999 . .
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999
$4,000-$4,999
$5,000-$7,499...............
$7,500 and over_____

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)

(4)

(5)

Furnish
Other
Hous
ings Cloth Auto
trans
Food ing Fuel,
and ing mo
porta
light,
bile
tion
and Other equip
ment
refrig
eration
(8)
(9) (10) (11) (12) (13)
(6)
(7)

For
Per Med
To Read mal
sonal ical Recre
care care ation bacco ing educa
tion
(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

(IS)

4
19
28
28
38
64
70
77
80
136
132
171
249
527

13
25
19
29
28
35
33
38
34
37
33
47
78
82

11
13
14
16
16
20
21
21
24
29
29
42
41

0.6
2.0
2.5
2.1
2.3

1.9
2.6
1.7
2.1
1.7

1.1
1.2
1.0
1.0

(19)

Con
tribu
tions Other
and items
per
sonal
taxes
(20)

(21)

Average money expenditure in dollars
186
576
900
1,116
1,320
930
1,158
744
1,230
444
276
450
468
198

Types IV and V
$500-$749— ................
186
$750-$999........ .............
576
$1,000-$1,249
900
$1,250-$1,499............... 1,116
$1,509-$1,749............... 1,320 |




(3)

Household
operation

4
13
24
43
54
52
47
55
65
33
26
34
24
12

3.5
4.2
4.6
3.9
4.2
4.3
4.1
4.1
4.4
4.5
4.0
4.4
4.3
4.0

674
974
1,101
1,365
1,630
1,725
2,098
2,098
2,369
2,805
3,189
3, 572
4,810
8,132

218
328
406
451
551
554
585
603
683
778
773
946
1,103
1,428

211
163
167
178
206
246
227
247
298
408
391
427
623
803

66
87
89
112
108
126
139
139
140
174
181
195
223
251

41
45
47
55
62
72
91
89
111
131
156
190
298
524

1
28
34
81
33 112
44 152
51 187
51 189
107 257
67 263
74 300
87 362
48 423
81 487
85 691
253 1,048

32
53
55
91
134
129
246
241
247
253
409
408
468
915

25
8
29
26
35
32
38
34
49
61
45
62
147
81

13
25
28
36
41
43
45
53
58
65
58
80
84
117

19
76
45
74
113
91
136
100
111
105
231
187
221
461

(*)
(*)
4
13
16
10
31
40
31
18
27
43
29
70
46
68
54
85
65
93
86 189
105 137
170 303
270 1,317

2
4
4
11
7
5
9
24
16
5
20
22
14

0.1
.4
.9
2.3
1.1

0.2
.4
.3
.7

Percentage of total money expenditures
4
13
24
43
54

3.5
4.2
4.6
3.9
4.2 I

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0 ;

32.3
33.8
36.9
33.2
33.8

31.5
16.7
15.2
13.1
12.7

9. 8
8.9
8. 1
8.2
6.6

6.5
4.6
4.3
4.0
3.8

0.1
3.5
3.0
3.2
3.1

4.1
8.3
10.2
11.1
11.5

4.7
5.4
5.0
6.6
8.2

3.7
0.8
2.6
1.9
2.2

1.9
2.6
2.5
2.6
2.5

2.8
7.8
4.1
5.4
6.9

(*)
1.3
1.4
2.9
1.9

to

WEST CENTRAL-ROOKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family

O

$1,750-11,999...............
930
$2,000-$2,249............... 1,158
$2,250-$2,499 ............
744
$2,500-$2,999............... 1,230
$3,000-$3,499...............
444
$3,500-$3,999_______
276
$4,000-$4,999_______
450
$5,000-$7,499_______
468
$7,500 and over_____
198

52
47
55
65
33
26
34
24
12

4.3
4.1
4.1
4.4
4.5
4.0
4.4
4.3
4.0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

32.1
28.0
29.0
28.8
27.8
24.3
26.6
22.9
17.6

14.3
10.8
11.8
12.6
14.6
12.3
12.0
13.0
9.9

7.3
6.6
6.6
5.9
6.2
5.7
5.5
4.6
3.1

See p. 218 for notes on this table.
•Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




4.2
4.3
4.2
4.7
4.7
4.9
5.3
6.2
6.4

3.0
5.1
3.2
3.1
3.1
1.5
2.3
1.8
3.1

10.9
12.3
12.6
12.7
12.9
13.3
13.6
14.4
12.9

7.5
11.7
11.4
10.4
9.3
12.8
11.4
9.7
11.2

1.8
1.8
1.6
2.1
2.2
1.4
1.7
3.1
1.0

2.5
2.1
2.5
2.4
2.3
1.8
2.2
1.7
1.4

5.3
6.5
4.8
4.7
3.7
7.2
5.2
4.6
5.7

3.7
3.3
3.7
3.4
4.8
4.1
4.8
5.2
6.5

2.0
1.6
1.8
1.4
1.3
1.0
1.3
1.6
1.0

.9
1.0
1.0
.9
.9
.9
.8
.9
.5

1.6
1.4
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.7
2.9
3.5
3.3

2.5
3.3
3.2
3.6
3.3
5.9
3.8
6.3
16.2

.4
.2
.4
1.0
.6
.2
.6
.5
.2

WEST CEJSTTBALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

194

D EN VER , COLO.

T

3 .—Food: Average value of all fa m ily food, money expenditure for food at
home and away from home, average value of food home-produced or received as
gift or pay, and, money expense per meal per food expenditure unit, by occupation ,
fam ily type, and income, in 1 year, 1985-36

able

[Whit© nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native bom]
of Average
Average expenditure Percentage
value of Average
for food purchased expenditure
for
food
food money
Average
Occupational
home- expendi
value
pro ture per
group, family
of all
type, and income
duced permeal
family
Report
food
class
or re
ex
food
At Away
At Away
All home
from home
Eligible ing
from ceived expendi
pendi
ture
home1
home as gift unit a
tures
or pay
Number of fami
lies

(1)

(2)

(5)

(ID

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

$318 $295
340 328
405 388
441 419
496 477
514 499
561 547
585 571
633 611
694 669
736 711
840 812
1,000 972
1,309 1,264

$291
312
361
384
422
433
464
483
510
558
578
604
677
852

$4
16
27
35
55
66
83
88
101
111
133
208
295
412

98.6
95.1
93.0
91.7
88.5
86.8
84.8
84.6
83.5
83.4
81.3
74.5
69.6
67.4

1.4
4.9
7.0
8.3
11.5
13.2
15.2
15.4
16.5
16.6
18.7
25.5
30.4
32.6

$23
12
17
22
19
15
14
14
22
25
25
28
28
45

$0.108
.110
.130
.138
.151
.157
.168
.175
.181
.182
.194
.218
.243
.292

(4)

(3)

(10)

Allfamilies
$500-$749..................
$750-$999..................
$1,000-$1,249............
$1,250-$1,499______
$1,500-$1,749............
$1,750-$1,999............
$2,000-$2,249............
$2,250-$2,499............
$2,500-$2,999............
$3,000-$3,499............
$3,500-$3,999............
$4,000-$4,999_........ .
$5,000-$7,499............
$7,500 and over___

966
2,622
3,522
3,870
4,032
3,492
3,240
2,142
2,976
1,038
726
1,020
960
384

19
58
81
132
144
166
141
147
170
77
54
81
51
25

$500-$749..................
$750-$999.................
$1,000-$1,249............
$1,250-$1,499............
$1,500-$1,749............
$1,750-$1,999...........
$2,000-$2,249_..........
$2,250-$2,499_..........
$2,500-$2,999______

966
1,992
2,502
1,956
1,632
1,218
1,170
498
594

19
38
49
44
47
38
32
32
28

318
342
408
434
508
523
558
631
647

295
329
389
409
493
510
551
625
646

291
318
365
380
440
457
475
516
535

4
11
24
29
53
53
76
109
111

98.8
96.5
93.7
93.0
89.3
89.6
86.3
82.5
82.9

1.2
3.5
6.3
7.0
10.7
10.4
13.7
17.5
17.1

23
13
19
25
15
13
7
6
1

.108
.108
.129
.134
.153
.156
.170
.181
.172

$750-$999.................
$1,000-11,249............
$1,250-$1,499______
$1,500-$1,749............
$1,750-$1,999............
$2,000-$2,249_..........
$2,250-$2,499............
$2,500-$2,999__.........

630
1,020
1,068
1,380
1,194
1,056
774
1,074

20
32
34
35
39
33
35
43

336
396
445
485
506
547
585
619

324
384
426
458
499
534
567
683

295
351
377
401
433
447
464
482

29
33
49
57
66
87
103
101

91.2
91.4
88.4
87.7
86.7
83.7
81.8
82.6

8.6
11.6
12.3
13.3
16.3
18.2
17.4

8.8

12
12
19
27
7
13
18
36

.117
.131
.139
.149
.156
.166
.184
.174

445 433
505 493
506 471
590 574
569 561
651 625
661 652
732 719
821 812
1,063 1.049
1,342 1,290

401
445
387
466
499
523
521
594
641
709
864

32
48
84
108
62
102
131
125
171
340
426

92.5
90.3
82.2
81.3
88.9
83.7
79.9
82.6
79.0
67.6
67.0

7.5
9.7
17.8
18.7
11.1
16.3
20.1
17.4
21.0
32.4
33.0

12
12
35
16

.143
.142
.149
.171
.162
.190
.168
.184
.206
.263
.290

Occupational group:
Wage earner

Clerical

Independent
business and
professional

$1,250-$1,499............
492
$1,500-$1,749............
594
$1,750-$1,999............
540
$2,000-$2,249_..........
498
$2,250-$2,499............
396
$2,500-$2,999_..........
516
$3,000-$3,499_..........
408
294
$3,500-$3,999............
318
$4,000-$4,999............
432
$5,000-$7,499______
246
$7,500 and over___
See p. 218 for noteis on this 1table.




23
29
35
25
31
27
30
23
29
21
13

8

26
9
13
9
14
52

195

TABULAR SUMMARY
D EN VER , COLO.

3,—Foods

Average value of all fa m ily food, money expenditure for food at
home and aw ay from home , average value of food home-produced or received as
gift or p a y , and money expense per meal per food expenditure unit , by occupation ,
fam ily type, and incom e , in 1 year , 1985-36 —Continued

T able

of Average
Average expenditure Percentage
value of Average
for food purchased expenditure
for food
food money
Occupational
Average
home- expendi
group, family
value
pro ture per
of all
type, and income
duced permeal
Report
foodclass
or re
ex family
At Away
At Away
All home
from home
food
Eligible ing
from ceived expendi
pendi
ture
home
home as gift unit
tures
or pay
(2)
(3)
(4)
(7)
(10)
(5)
(6)
(8)
(9)
0)
(ID
Number of fami
lies

Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499..........
$1,500-$1,749..........
$1,750-$1,999_____
$2,000-$2.249..........
$2,250-$2,499_____
$2,500-$2.999............
$3,000-$3,499______
$3,500-$3,999............
$4,000-$4,999_..........
$5,000-$7,499............
$7,500 and over___

174
210
252
204
258
384
354
318
450
390
108

16
16
27
24
22
33
23
18
24
17
8

$1,250-$l,499............
$1,600-$1,749............
$1,750-$1,999............
$2,000-$2,249............
$2,250-$2,499______
$2,500-$2,999............
$3,000-$3,499............
$3,500~$3,999............
$4,000-$4,999............
$5,000-$7,499. ..........
$7,500 and over___

180
216
288
312
216
408
276
114
252
138
30

15
17
27
27
27
39
24
13
28
13
4

Salaried pro
fessional

Family type:
Type I

$500-$749...................
426
$750-$999..................
966
$1,000-$1,249............ 1,398
$1,250-41,499............ 1,308
$1,500-$1,749............ 1, 452
$1,750-$1,999............ 1, 284
$2,000-$2,249............ 1,020
684
$2,250-$2,499............
960
$2,500-$2,999............
306
$3,000-$3,499............
204
$3,500-$3,999............
318
$4,000-$4,999............
228
$5,000-$7,499............
96
$7,500 and over___
See p. 218 for notes on this table.




7
12
27
32
32
41
34
33
31
14

8
6

21
8

$515 $492
504 487
559 536
592 547
599 568
637 614
704 673
736 697
866 830
936 902
1,322 1,288

$439
413
446
475
489
525
560
570
582
635
842

$53
74
90
72
79
89
113
127
248
267
446

89.2
84.7
83.3
86.9
86.1
85.4
83.1
81.7
70.2
70.4
65.3

10.8
15.3
16.7
13.1
13.9
14.6
16.9
18.3
29.8
29.6
34.7

$23
17
23
45
31
23
31
39
36
34
34

$0,156
.165
.168
.172
.178
.187
.190
.199
.233
.229
.318

384
440
473
533
483
612
687
732
781
933
974

366
373
408
461
431
521
608
559
601
697
801

18
67
65
72
52
91
79
173
180
236
173

95.3
84.8
86.3
86.5
89.2
85.1
88.5
76.4
76.9
74.8
82.2

4.7
15.2
13.7
13.5
10.8
14.9
11.5
23.6
23.1
25.2
17.8

43
7
17
20
10
10
40
15
37
55
21

.138
.162
.166
.162
.155
.198
.195
.206
.207
.224
.219

338 337
297 291
354 347
395 375
438 408
432 425
503 485
529 525
526 519
538 525
643 639
669 640
824 800
1,104 1,074

333
265
307
343
347
359
368
421
424
439
480
474
456
761

4
26
40
32
61
66
117
104
95
86
159
166
344
313

98.8
91.1
88.5
91.5
85.0
84.5
75.9
80.2
81.7
83.6
75.1
74.1
57.0
70.9

1.2
8.9
11.5
8.5
15.0
15.5
24.1
19.8
18.3
16.4
24.9
25.9
43.0
29.1

671

.153
.132
.158
.170
.185
.188
.219
.226
.233
.229
.230
.270
.324
.386

427
447
490
553
493
622
727
747
818
988
995

1

20
30
7
18
4
7
13
4
29
24
30

196

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
D EN VER , COLO.

3.—Food: Average value of all fa m ily food, money expenditure for food at
home and aw ay from home, average value of food home-produced or received as
gift or pay, and money expense per meal per food expenditure unit, by occupation,
fa m ily type, and income, in 1 year, 1985-S6 — Continued

T able

of Average
Average expenditure Percentage
value of Average
for food purchased expenditure
for food
food money
Occupational
Average
home- expendi
crroup, family
value
pro ture per
of all
duced permeal
type, and income
Report
food
class
or re
ex family
At Away
At Away
All home
from home
Eligible ing
from ceived expendi
food
pendi
ture
home
home as gift unit
tures
or pay
(2)
(3)
(5) (6)
(4)
GO)
(7)
(8)
(9)
0)
(ID
Number of fami
lies

Types II and III
$500-$749..................
$750-$999...............$1,000-$1,249............
$1,250-$1,499............
$1,500-$1,749........ .
$1,750-$1,999______
$2,000-$2,249______
$2,250-$2,499_..........
$2,500-82,999______
$3,000-$3,499............
$3,500-$3,999.........$4,000-$4,999........ $5,000-$7,499.......... .
$7,500 and over___
Types IV and V
$500-$749................
$750-$999................
$1,000-$! ,249............
$1,250-$1,499______
$1,500-$1,749______
$1,750-$1,999............
$2,000-$2,249........ .
$2,250-$2,499______
$2,500-$2,999______
$3,000-$3,499............
$3,500-83,999........ .
$4,000-$4,999..........
$5,000-$7,499........ $7,500 and over___

354
1,080
1,224
1,446
1,260
1, 278
1,062
714
786
288
246
252
264
90

8
33
30
57
58
73
60
59
74
30
20
26
19
7

$329 $285
375 361
438 420
454 434
489 481
552 534
577 564
600 579
642 609
688 653
710 703
825 790
909 889
1,237 1,107

$283
350
400
392
436
469
488
498
527
558
588
607
693
779

$2
11
20
42
45
65
76
81
82
95
115
183
196
328

99.3
97.0
95.2
90.3
90.6
87.8
86.5
86.0
86.5
85.5
83.6
76.8
78.0
70.4

.7
3.0
4.8
9.7
9.4
12.2
13.5
14.0
13.5
14. 5
16.4
23.2
22.0
29.6

$44
14
18
20
8
18
13
21
33
35
7
35
20
130

$0.083
.110
.129
.12/
.142
.150
.156
.165
.167
.169
.183
.195
.218
.285

186
576
900
1,116
1,320
930
1,158
744
1, 230
444
276
450
468
198

4
13
24
43
54
52
47
55
65
33
26
34
24
12

253 218
349 328
436 406
479 451
567 551
578 554
596 585
623 606
710 683
803 778
829 773
969 946
1,138 1,103
1,441 1. 428

212
321
391
420
492
486
525
525
567
639
642
696
775
930

6
7
15
31
59
68
60
81
116
139
131
250
328
498

97.2
97.9
96.3
93.1
89.3
87.7
89.7
86.7
83.0
82.2
83.1
73.6
70.3
65.1

2.8
2.1
3.7
6.9
10.7
12.3
10.3
13.3
17.0
17.8
16.9
26.4
29.7
34.9

35
21
30
28
16
24
11
17
27
25
56
23
35
13

.055
.076
.087
.113
.122
.122
.135
.139
.149
.159
.177
.194
.219
.251

Sec p. 218 for notes on this table.




TABULAE SUMMARY

197

DENVER, COLO.
T

4.— H o u s in g : A verage value of housing
expenditure , by occupation , fa m ily type, and

able

secured w ith and w ithout m oney
incom e, in 1 year, 1 93 5-86

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Number of
families
Occupational
group, familytype, and in
come class

(1 )

Re
Eli port
ex
gible ing
pendi
tures
(2 )

Aver
age
value
of all
housing
plus
fuel,
light,
and re
friger
ation

(3)

A ll families
966
$500-$749______
19
$750-$999 _____ 2,622
58
$1,000-$1,249___ 3; 522
81
$1,250-$1,499___ 3,870 132
$1,500-$1,749___ 4,032 144
$1,750-$1,999___ 3,492
166
$2,000-$2,249___ 3, 240 141
$2,250-$2,499___ 2,142 147
$2,500-$2,999___ 2,976 170
$3,000~$3,499___ 1,038
77
$3,500-$3,999_„_
726
54
$4,000-$4,999___ 1,0 2 0
81
$5,000-$7,499---960
51
$7,500 and over_ 384
25
Occupational
group: Wage
earner
966
$500~$749 ___
19
$750-$999 ___ 1, 992
38
$1,000-$1,249___ 2,502
49
$1,250-$1,499___ 1,956
44
$1,500-$1,749---- 1,632
47
$1,750-$1,999___ 1,218
38
$2,000-$2,249___ 1,170
32
$2,250-$2,499___
498
32
$2,500-$2,999___
594
28
Clerical
$750-$999 - .
630
20
$1,000-$1,249„__ 1,0 20
32
$1,250-$1,499---- 1,068
34
$1,500-$1,749---- 1,380
35
39
$1,750-$1,999___ 1,194
$2,000-$2,249___ 1,056
33
774
35
$2,250-$2,499___
$2,500-$2,999___ 1,074
43
In depen den t
business and
professional
492
$1,250-$1,499---23
594
29
$1,500-$1,749---35
$1,750-$1,999---540
$2,000-$2,249____
498
25
31
$2,250-$2,499„__ 396
516
$2,500-$2,999___
27
$3,000-$3,499---408
30
294
23
$3,500-$3,999___
$4,000-$4,999---318
29
21
432
$5,000-$7,499___
$7,500 and over.
246
13
See p. 218 for notes on this table.




(4)
$266
294
311
364
401
468
497
543
587
730
772
893
1,058
1,634

Aver
age
ex
pense
for
fuel,
light,
and
refrig
era
tion
(5)

Average value of housing secured 1
Aver
age With money ex
value
penditure
of all
hous
ing All Fam Other
hous ily hous
ing home2 ing 2
(6) (7) (8) (9)

$65 $199 $154 $154
224 168 168
66
79 230 175 174
97 266 203 201
96 303 234 232
114 353 274 270
125 370 259 255
130 412 275 271
131 456 326 316
161 568 380 361
179 592 428 410
180 712 452 416
196 862 558 491
250 1,384 685 565

120

154
160
162
185

1
2

154
160
163
187

267
292
302
347
346
458
466
498
521

65
65
77
94
81
113
125
117
119

199
223
223
252
263
343
339
379
400

201

201

241
196
222
273

238
193
218
262

300
332
381
440
470
515
512
569

71
84
105

227
247
279
333
348
390
374
441

195
203
229
273
281
288
270
309

195
203
226
270
277
283
266
298

248
109 337
109 374
128 362
138 472
141 512
173 608
207 643
743
200
190 863
243 1,555

190
214
309
240
266
326
343
442
418
605
738

190
2 12
304
235
261
318
319
424
393
527
591

352
449
484
492
612
654
782
851
944
1,053
1, 798

10 1
12 1

123
137
127

102

$1
2
2

4
4
4
10
19
18
36
67

3
3
4

11

3
3
4
5
4

11

2

5
5
5
8

24
18
25
78
147

Per
centage
of hous
ing
Without money value
expenditure
secured
without
money
Rent expend
Owned
Total home* as pay iture 1
or gift
( 10) (U) (12 ) (13)
$45
56
55
63
69
79
111
137
130
188
164
260
304
699

$43
27
35
51
47
71
105
114
130
174
164
256
304
699

45
63
60
65
62

43
25
36
48
48

102

102

143
157
127

143
132
127

32
44
50
60
67
104
132

32
34
44
33
56
99
96
132

58
123
65
122
206
186
265
201
325
258
817

55
79
56
90
178
186
265
201
325
258
817

102

$2

29

20
12
22

8
6

23
14
4

2

38
24
17
14
25

10
6

27
11

3

8

3
44
9
32
28

2 2 .6

25.0
23.9
23.7
2 2 .8

22.4
30.0
33.3
28.6
33.2
27.7
36.6
35.2
50.5

2 2 .6

28.2
26.9
25.8
23.6
29.7
42.3
41.4
31.8
14.1
17.8
17.9
18.0
19.3
26.2
27.8
29.9

23.4
36.5
17.4
33.7
43.6
36.3
43.6
31.3
43.7
29.9
52.6

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

198

DENVER, COLO.
T a b l e 4.— H ou sing: Average value of housing secured w ith and w ithout m oney
expenditure , hy occupation , fa m ily ty p ey and incom e, in 1 yearf 198 5-36 — Con.
Number of
families
Occupational
group, family
type, and in
come class

0

)

Re
Eli port
exgible ing
penditures
(2 )

Aver
age
value
of all
housing
plus
fuel,
light,
and re
friger
ation

(3)

Salaried
business
16
174
$1,250-$1,499___
16
$1,500-$1,749.__
210
$1,750-$1,999---252
27
24
204
$2,000-$2,249___
22
258
$2,250-$2,499___
33
$2,500-$2,999___
384
354
23
$3,000-$3,499„__
18
$3,500-$3,999___
318
24
$4,000-$4,999___
450
390
17
$5,000-$7,499___
8
$7,500 and over.
108
Salaried
professional
$1,250-$1,499.„_
15
180
$1,500-$1,749— _ 216
17
$1,750-$1,999.„.
27
288
312
$2,000-$2,249-.__
27
$2,250-$2,499._-_
27
216
39
$2,500-$2,999.___
408
24
$3,000-$3,499____
276
$3,500-$3,999___
114
13
252
$4,000-$4,999___
28
$5,000-$7,499---138
13
$7,500 and over.
4
30
Family type:
Type I
$500-$749............
7
426
$750-$999_..........
12
968
$1,000-$1,249____ 1,398
27
$1,250-$1,499..„ 1,308
32
$1,500-$1,749____ 1,452
32
$1,750-$1,999._„ 1,284
41
$2,000-$2,249.__ 1,0 20
34
$2,250~$2,499___
684
33
$2,500-$2,999___
960
31
$3,000-$3,499.__
14
306
$3,500-$3,999__„
204
8
$4,000-$4.999___
318
21
228
8
$5,000-$7,499___
$7,500 and over.
96
6
See p. 218 for notes on this table.




(4)

$488
418
469
565
580
626
709
715
896
1 ,1 0 2
1,343

Aver
age
ex
pense
for
fuel,
light,
and
refrig
era
tion

Average value of housing secured

Aver
age With money ex
value
penditure
of all
hous
ing All Fam Other
hous ily hous
ing home ing
(5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

Per
centage
of hous
ing
Without money
value
expenditure
secured
without
money
Rent expend
Owned
Total home as pay iture
or gift
(10 ) (ID ( 12 ) (13)

$365 $256 $248
128 289 244 244
109 358 278 276
126 438 375 373
124 455 299 294
149 476 414 408
159 549 387 374
156 558 433 415
168 727 502 456
197 905 521 463
276 1,067 591 508

$109
45
80
63
156
62
162
125
225
384
476

$ 12 2

378
423
479
509
601
615
682
729
826
952
1,332

68
309
88
333
104 374
124 384
131 469
128 486
147 534
169 559
179 647
213 738
215 1,117

280
321
352
410
364
426
383
406
516
590

220

290
309
323
339
394
465
488
506
599
709
749
885
1,004
1,256

74
48
74
79
74
93
93
100
106
145
183
151
12 2
235

133
184
185
230
263
266
269
263
344
290
464
442
453
469

133
184
184
228
260
261
263
258
333
268
436
421
431
386

215
259
247
259
319
371
393
405
492
564
565
734
882

1 ,0 2 1

220

271
318
347
402
354
406
358
372
454
564

$8
2
2

5

6

13
18
46
58
83

9
3
5
8

10
20

25
34
62
26

1
2

3
5
6
5

11
22

28
21
22

83

$109
45
o7 $23
63
81
75
62
162
125
225
384
476 ...........

89
53
53
32
59

57
28
42
31
54

12 2

108
176
241
222
527

12 2

82
75
62
29
56
105
124
142
148
274

82
15
36
29
26
93
116
108
148
249

10 1

292
429
552

292
429
552

56
176

222
222

32
25
11
1

5

52
19

527

10 1

60
26
30
12
8

34
25

29.9
15 6
22.3
14.4
34.3
13.0
29.5
22.4
31.0
42.4
44.6
28.8
15.8
14.2
8.3
12 .6

25.1
2 0 .2
31.5
37.2
30.1
47.2
38.1
29.0
25.1
1 1 .2
17.6
28.3
31.6
35.1
30.1
48.6
17.8
39.8
48.6
54.1

199

TABULAR SUMMARY

DENVER, COLO.
T a b l e 4.— H o u s in g : Average value of housing secured w ith and w ithout m oney
expenditure , by occupation, fa m ily ty p e , and incom e, m 1 year, 1 93 5-36 — Con.
Number of
families
Occupational
group, family
type, and in
come class

(1 )
Types II and III
$500-$749-........
$750-$999-_........
$1,000-$1,249__„
$1,250-$1,499___
$1,500-$1,749___
$1.750-$1,999___
$2,000-$2,249_„$2,250-$2,499____
$2,500-$2,999___
$3,000-$3,499__$3,500-$3,999.__$4,000-$4.999___
$5,000-$7,499___
$7,500 and over.
Types IV and V
$500-$749______
$750~$999............
$1,000-$1,249____
$1,250-$1,499.._.
$l,50O-$l,749_...
$1,750-$1,999__„
$2,000-$2,249.__.
$2,250-$2,499__._
$2,500-$2,999___
$3,000-$3,499___
$3,500 $3,999....
$4,000-$4,999___
$5,000-$7,499---$7,500 and over.

Re
Eli port
ex
gible ing
pendi
tures
(2 )

Aver
age
value
of all
housing
plus
fuel,
light,
and re
friger
ation

(3)

354
1,080
1,224
1,446
1,260
1,278
1.062
714
786
288
246
252
264
90
186
576
900
1,116
1,320
930
1,158
744
1,230
444
276
450
468
198

8

33
30
57
58
73
60
59
74
30
20

26
19
7

4
13
24
43
54
52
47
55
65
33
26
34
24
12

See p. 218 for notes on this table

----- 14

125019°— 40




Aver
age
ex
pense
for
fuel,
light,
and
refrig
era
tion

Average value of housing secured

(4)

Aver
Without money
age With money ex
penditure
value
expenditure
of all
hous
ing All Fam- Other
Rent
hous By hous Total Owned
pay
home as
ing home ing
or gift
(5)
(6) (7) (8) (9) ( 10 ) ( 1 1 ) ( 12 )

$213
275
274
359
399
468
510
590
608
720
765
903
1,194
1,553

$54 $156 $150 $150
72 196 158 158
78 194 168 166
102
256 199 198
108 289 231 230
127 340 304 302
140 368 284 278
150 439 317 313
147 460 348 341
159 560 432 424
173 591 440 428
191 711 507 470
213 981 529 487
264 1,289 656 627

319
308
342
404
410
474
491
535
567
752
794
891
1,009
1,854

249
87 220
89 250
11 2
290
108 299
126 346
139 350
139 394
140 426
174 577
181 612
195 695
223 785
251 1 , 602
66

2 11

163
167
178
206
246
227
247
298
408
391
427
626
803

209
1'63
167
175
203
240
226
243
287
383
374
382
522
624

$6

$2
1
1

64
2

7

8
12

37
42
29

2
3
3
6
1

4
11
25
17
45
104
179

38
26
57
58
36
84

$27
12
43
38
34
84

128
151
204
452
633

104
151
204
452
633

38
57
83
112
93
123
147
128
169

37
46
65
88
76
92
114
131
128
169

221

221

12 2
112

100

268
159
799

10 1
11 2

258
159
799

$6
11

14
14

20

2

21

24

1

11

18
24
17
8

9
16
10

Per
centage
of hous
ing
value
secured
without
money
expend
iture
(13)
3.8
19.4
13.4
22.3

2 0 .1

10 .6

22.9
27.8
24.5
22.9
25.5
28.7
46.1
49.1
15.2
25.9
33.2
38.6
31.1
28.9
35.1
37.3
30.0
29.3
36.1
38.6
20.3
49.9

200

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
DENVER, COLO.

4r-A.— M oney expenditure for fam ily h om e by ow ners and renters,
and facilities in clu d ed in rent for fam ily hom e: B y occupation , fa m ily type,

T able

and incom e , in 1 year , 1 93 5 -3 6

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]

(ii)

'P Mechanical re3
frigerator
£ Refrigeration
^ Percentage with none of
£ these facilities included
w in rent

•d

13

g Water

S Garage

ta
M
(8)

o Furnishings

3 Renters

w>
aa>
P?
(5)
a

Home owners

Reporting expenditures

gbfl
*
O
(4)

3

)

“

0

£5

Occupational
group, family
type, and income
class

g Eligible

ex
of renters having specified
Number of Percentage Average
pense for Percentage
facilities included in rent *
families o? families 1 family
home

A ll families
24 66 $49 $170 29 22 36 14 100 14 14
966 19
$500-$749
2,622 58
17 68 140 198 32 23 46 20 98 20 20
$750-$999
3, 522 81
20
69 98 213 25 18 43 16 98 8 7
$1,000-$1,249
98 17 18
27 68 105 250 24 2 1 54 12
$1,250-$l,499____ 3,870 132
24 66 175 277 29 22 51 14 98 16 14 (*) 1
$1,500-$1,749____ 4,032 144
37 58 192 340 31 24 57 18 98 27 24 n
$1,750-11,999____ 3,492 166
51 45 178 337 25 7 64 6 98 14 13
i
$2,000-$2,249____ 3, 240 141
51 41 189 386 20 7 67 8 99 15 14
i
$2,250-$2,499____ 2,142 147
50 50 235 399 28 18 68 3 96 26 19
2
$2,500-$2,999......... 2,976 170
53 42 288 432 23 8 89 6 98 17 13
2
$3,000-$3,499____ 1,038 77
726
54
59
41 332 544 32 22 76 8 100 35 24
$3,500~$3,999
1,0 20
81
63 32 286 647 24 12 100 6 93 30 6
$4,000-$4,999
960 51
63 32 409 708 50 5 80 5 97 40 31
$5,000-$7,499
100
384 25
86
75
50
14 571 570 75
$7,500 and over
Occupational
group: Wage
earner
966 19
24 66 49 170 29 22 36 14 100 14 14
$500-$749
1,992 38
17 63 153 193 30 25 51 22 97 20 20
$750-$999____
2, 502 49
68
20
97 203 24 16 39 20 100 3 3
$1,000-$1,249
1,956 44
28 63 1 1 2 229 20 22 50 1 1 100 10 13
$1,250-$1,499
1,632 47
24 67 109 245 30 41 39 19 100 14 14
$1,500-$1,749
38
1 , 218
53 44 161 335 39 34 48 23 100 35 32
$1,750-$1,999
65 35 128 305 2 1 10 58 10 100 10 10
1,170 32
$2,000-$2,249
64 29 168 319 2 1 16 28 16 94 14 16
6
$2,250-$2,499____ 498 32
91 25 10
52 48 189 332 30 14 57
9
$2,500-$2,999____ 594 28
Clerical
630 20
16 84 74 216 40 15 27 15 100 2 1 2 1
$750-$999-_ . .
32
23 72 103 237 27 2 1 51 10 93 18 16
$1,000-$1,249. _ 1,0 20
16 82 89 256 2 1 15 61 6 94 27 22
$1,250-SI,499___ 1,068 34
16 76 230 294 2 1 12 57 9 97 16 9
$1,500-$!,749____ 1,380 35
26 69 159 331 20 14 66 1 1 100 20 20
3
$1,750-$1,999____ 1,194 39
100
74
$2,000-$2,249____ 1,056 33
47 48 181 368 29
16 16
100
56 41 177 398 25
21
75
$2,250-$2,499____ 774 35
25
100
55 45 239 374 28 9 74
26 27
$2,500-$2,999......... 1,074 43
Independent
business and
professional
39 58 97 260 29 26 56 15 100 6 12
$1,250-SI,499_____ 492 23
42 37 189 292 36 10 77 2 1
92 18 23
$1,500-$1,749_____ 594 29
$1,750-$1,999_____ 540 35
38 55 275 370 39 19 51 16 100 20 12
45 41 217 284 26 18 42 9 94 18 18
$2,000-$2,249_____ 498 25
6
7
$2,250-$2,499_........ 396 31
56 36 202 379
93 9 100
$2,500-$2,999.......... 516 27
53 47 256 389 34 34 54 9 100 34 34
$3,000-$3,499.......... 408 30
69 25 288 292 20 6 94
6
94
$3,500-$3,999.......... 294 23
80 20 386 605
100
26 100
92
$4,000-$4,999_____ 318 29
73 24 276 634
100
$5,000-$7,499........ . 432 2 1
57 38 399 742 61
70
100
46 30
$7,500 and over._. 246 13
85 15 596 630 50
100
50
100
See p. 219 for notes on this table.
♦ Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 for expenditures, or less than 1 for pro
portions of families reporting, are not shown.




201

TABULAR SUMMARY
DENVER, COLO.

T a b l e 4r-A.— Money expenditure for family home by owners and renters,
and facilities included in rent for family home: By occupation, family type ,

and income, in 1 year, 1935-86—Continued

Mechanical re-S3 frigerator
2 Refrigeration

g Water

25
44
34
29
20
10
26
48
35
50
100

55
50
31 47
23 82
10 68
7 84
100
21 65
14 100
17 83
100

13
6
15
23
18
3
7
12
12
17

100
100
89
100
92
86
100
100
100
100
100

13
19
22
29
10
20
19
48
37
50

13
19
22
6
10
10
26
27
12
50

50 43
11 47
32 68
68
13 68
38 61
19 72
22 100
19 100
100

43
11
29
7
9
9

93
100
92
96
100
96
95
100
80
83

43
30
42
6
22
30
29
22
38

43
15
29
6
7
26
9
44

100
100
100
94
97
100
100
100
95
100
100
95
100
100

45
9
32
33
50
35
18
57
9
50
70
53

45
9
37
25
46
32
35
44
9
50
20
53

1

1

q

g Light

63 $132 $323
71 144 288
56 214 338
49 388 365
54 243 393
73 233 493
45 242 478
62 212 528
39 290 683
29 430 700
15 505 510

3

W
(8)

g Garage

3 Furnishings

•
3 Renters

Home owners

Renting

l a

«
(3)

3

( 1)

®* CO
a-M

g Owning

Occupational
group, family
type, and income
class

g Eligible

ex
Number of Percentage Average
of renters having specified
pense for Percentage
families
of families family
facilities included in rent
home

Salaried business
174 16
37
$1,250-$1,499..
210 16
29
$1,500-$1,749_.
252 27
27
$1,750-$1,999_.
204 24
47
$2,000-$2,249_.
258 22
28
$2,250-$2,499_.
384 33
27
$2,500-$2,999----354 23
55
$3,000~$3,499----38
$3,500-$3,999___ . 318 18
450 24
56
$4,000-$4,999----67
$5,000-$7,499----- . 390 17
108
8
85
$7,500 and over.
Salaried
professional
26
$1,250-SI ,499-. . 180 15
21
$1,500-$1,749_. . 216 17
27
$1,750-$1,999_. . 288 27
312 27
22
$2.000~$2,249_.
25
$2,250-$2,499. . 216 27
$2,500-$2,999____ . 408 39
50
25
$3,000-$3,499........ 276 24
$3,500-$3,999____ 114 13
66
65
$4,000-$4,999____ 252 28
74
$5,000-$7,499____ 138 13
30
4 100
$7,600 and over..
Family type:
Type 1
426
$500-$749____
7
43
$750-$999____
966 12
9
$1,000-$1,249_. 1,398 27
22
$1,25Q-$1,499_
1, 308 32
17
$1,500-$1,749.
1,452 32
15
$1,750-$1,999_
1,284 41
43
$2,000-$2,249_
55
1,020 34
$2,250-$2,499_
684 33
50
$2,500-$2,999..
960 31
49
$3,000-$3,499_.
57
306 14
$3,500-$3 999
204
53
8
$4,000-$4 999
318 21
61
$5,000-$7 499
228
8
50
$7,500 and over.. 96
83
6
See p. 219 for notes on this table.




64
66
70
78
66
47
60
34
29
26

91
180
233
254
292
277
353
305
293
383
565

309
340
358
370
441
432
499
536
580
623

57
41
37
18
20
43
22
19
17

57
63
66
83
77
50
39
41
51
31
47
29
50
17

60
256
125
108
198
172
202
179
262
241
325
235
190
365

188
215
227
256
299
366
341
376
407
251
570
712
663
510

25
62
33
36
47
58
59
35
61
34
50
75
80
100

50
20
43
50
36
34
41
56
52
83
50
15 100
47
100

38
24
48
31
46
20
18
27
9

38
19
17
20
44
16
18
4
9
20

a

O o

p

(15)

202

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
DENVER, COLO.

T a b l e 4-A.— Money expenditure for family home by owners and renters,
and facilities included in rent for family home: By occupation, family type ,

and income, in 1 year, 1985-86— Continued

190
212
233
252
254
317
331
360
374
489
512
630
750
630

50 100
12 12
13 13
17 13
16 18
16 10

38
64
37
55
65
76
72
80
78
89
87
100
100

12
11
14
11
16

_©

C3

(12)

^ Mechanical re53 frigerator
£ Refrigeration
^ Percentage with none of
51 these facilities included
w in rent

25
18
23
18
21
15
2
5
15
17
12
12

S Light

25
28
37
42
35
44
52
59
54
57
74
71
57
82

$143
180
187
243
272
330
339
419
419
574
556
597
678

4 -5

5 Garage

4
13
24
43
54
52
47
55
65
33
26
34
24

Furnishings

186
576
900
1,116
1,320
930
1,158
744
1,230
444
276
450
468
198

3
d
(8)

3

18
6
24
24
27
47
45
44
42
49
53
86
100

3 Renters

8
33
30
57
58
73
60
59
74
30
20
26
19
7

■ (5)

Home owners

354
1,080
1,224
1,446
1,260
1,278
1,062
714
786
288
246
252
264
90

•
bfl
a
a©

3

g Owning

0)

^ Reporting OX
'S!* penditures

Occupational
group, family
type, and income
class

to Eligible

ex Number of Percentage Average
of renters having specified
pense for Percentage
facilities included in rent
of families family
families
home

Types II and III
$5ftft-$749

$750-$999___..........
$1,000-$1,249____
$1,250-$1,499.........
$1,500-$1,749.........
$1,750-$1,999____
$2,000-$2,249.........
$2,250-$2,499.........
$2,500-$2,999____
$3,000-$3,499.........
$3,500-$3999 . .
$4,000-$4,999 ___
$5,000-$7,499
$7,500 and over__
Type I V and V
$7fift-$999

$1,000-$1,249.........
$1,250-$1,499.........
$1,500-$1,749
$1,750-$1,999.........
$2,000-$2,249 _
$2,250-$2,499.........
$2,500-$2,999.........
$3,000-$3,499
$3,500-$3,999 . .
$4,000-$4,999 ___
$5,000-$7,499
$7,500 and over__

12

See p. 219 for notes on this table.




88
74
87
67
63
71
53
46
56
49
51
47
14
50
63
50
51
57
49
43
38
46
43
26
25
34
18

$66
45
89
177
260
204
218
237
290
293
332
456
620
31
60
105
115
164
155
143
174
215
306
355
299
428
636

11
20

8
18
50
50
50

12
16
14
4
17
11

1
2
15
11

29

10

4
25
18
11

48
53
57
54
60
82
63
75
96
75
100
89
50

1
1

2
8

50
12
13
5
7
5
9
4
25
11

100
96
98
99
97
98
96
97
98
89
100
88
88

12
4
7
10
7
12
2
13
13
26
18

12
4
5
7
8
8

100
100
94

50
12
6
9
6
16
4
14
7
18
50
18
50

50
12
6
9
5
16
4
7
6
14
25
32

100
100

96
96
94

100

100
100
95
100
100

100

1

4
17
12

1
3
3
3
2
5

2

4

203

TABULAR SUMMARY
DENVER, COLO.

Average money expenditure for groups of
items of household operation, and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by
occupation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 1 9 3 5 -8 6

T a b l e 5.— Household operation:

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Number of
families

Occupational g r o u p ,
family type, and in
come class

(1)

of total
Average money expenditure for house Percentage
household opera
hold operation
tion expenditure

Paid household
help
Fuel,
Fuel,
Report
light,
light,
Eligi ing ex Total and re
Other and
re
ble pendi
item s2 friger
friger Average Percent
age of
tures
ation 1 amount families
ation 1
having
(6)
(2)
(3) ' (4)
(7)
(8)
(5)
(9)

A ll families
19
966
$94 $65
$29
$500-$749_.......... — .........
58
66
32
$750-$999........................... 2,622
98
6
$l,000-$l,249__________ 3; 522
79
38
81
117
(*)
$3
132
152
97
8
52
$1,250-$1,499..............— . 3,870
144
2
96
10
60
$1,500-$1,749...................... 4,032
158
166
191 114
11
16
66
$1,750-$l,999.......... ........... 3,492
141
13
21
82
220 125
$2,000-$2,249____ ______ 3, 240
147
16
20
79
225 130
$2,260-^2,499__________ 2,142
170
22
26
92
245 131
$2,500-$2,999...................... 2,976
77
51
46 107
319 161
$3,000-$3,499...................... 1,038
726
54
75
52 132
386 179
$3,500-$3,999.......... ...........
84
61 128
$4,000-$4,999___________ 1,020
81
392 180
173
77 168
960
51
537 196
$5,000-$7,499___________
384
25
351
822 250
91 221
$7,500 and over................
Occupational group:
Wage earner
966
19
$500-$749_ .........................
94
65
29
38
65
$750-$999
_________ 1,992
95
30
49
112
77
1
8
34
$1,000-$1,249___________ 2, 502
44
94
3
8
$1,250-$1,499___________ 1,956
143
46
47
81
1
6
$1,500-$1,749.......... .......... 1, 632
58
140
2
38
182 113
69
$1,750-$1,999_____ _____ 1, 218
O 14
32
15
$2,000-$2,249___________ 1,170
224 125
85
32
19
75
$2,250-$2,499__________
498
210 117
18
594
6
7
$2,500-$2,999_........ ..........
28
202 119
77
Clerical
20
630
71
37
$750-$999__.....................
108
2
32
84
46
$1,000-$1,249___________ 1,020
130
(*)
4
10
60
34
165 101
$1,250-$1,499___________ 1,068
2
15
58
165 105
$1,500-$1,749___________ 1,380
35
11
39
196 121
20
64
$1,750-$1,999_____ _____ 1,194
14
27
74
33
211 123
$2,000-$2,249___________ 1,056
774
35
9
15
76
$2,250-$2,499__________
222 137
24
29
43
88
$2,500-$2,999___________ 1,074
239 127
Independent business
and professional
55
492
23
159 102
2
3
$1,250-$1,499............ .........
29
2
10
67
594
178 109
$1,500-$1,749__________
540
35
31
30
67
$1,750-$1,999___________
207 109
25
498
$2,000-$2,249__________
231 128
3
3 100
26
26
247 138
83
$2,250-$2,499__________
396
31
27
31
99
27
267 141
$2,500-$2,999...............
516
49 105
345 173
67
$3,000-$3,499___________
408
30
23
450 207
120
68 123
$3,500-$3,999__........ .........
294
142
72 132
29
474 200
$4,000-$4,999...... ...............
318
172
72 174
$5,000-$7,499___________
432
21
536 190
349
100 226
246
13
818 243
$7,500 and over________
See p. 219 for notes on this table.
♦ Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




Paid
house Other
hold items
help
(10)

(ID

69.1
67.3
67.5
63.8
60.7
59.7
56.8
57.8
53.4
50.5
46.4
45.9
36.5
30.4

1.3
5.7
6.0
7.1
9.0
16.0
19.4
21.4
32.2
42.7

30.9
32.7
32.5
34.2
38.0
34.6
37.2
35.1
37.6
33.5
34.2
32.7
31.3
26.9

69.4
68.1
68.8
65.6
57.9
62.1
55.9
55.6
59.3

.6
2.2
.7
(*)
6.1
8.4
2.7

30.6
31.9
30.6
32.2
41.4
37.9
38.0
36.0
38.0

65.9
64.6
61.4
63.7
61.7
58.2
61.7
53.2

2.4
1.5
5.6
6.8
4.2
10.2

34.1
35.4
36.2
34.8
32.7
35.0
34.1
36.6

64.0
61.0
52.7
55.6
56.0
52.9
50.2
46.0
42.2
35.4
29.7

1.0
1.3
15.1
1.2
10.5
10.2
19.2
26.6
30.0
32.2
42.6

35.0
37.7
32.2
43.2
33.5
36.9
30.6
27.4
27.8
32.4
27.7

(*)2.0

0

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

204

DENVER, COLO.

Average money expenditure for groups of
items of household operation, and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by
occupation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 1985-86— Continued

T a b l e 5.— Household operation:

of total
Average money expenditure for house Percentage
household opera
hold operation
tion expenditure

Number of
families
Occupational g r o u p ,
family type, and in
come class

(1)
Salaried business
$1,250-SI ,499__________
$1,500-$1,749...................
$1,750-$1,999..................$2,000-$2,249.....................
$2,250-$2,499......................
$2,500-$2,999.....................
$3,000-$3,499__________
$3,500-$3,999__________
$4,000-$4,999__________
$5,000-$7,499___________
$7,500 and over________
Salaried professional
$1,250-$1,499__________
$1,500-SI,749__........ .........
$1,750-$1,999.....................
$2,000-$2,249......................
$2,250-$2,499...... ..............
$2,500-$2,999__________
$3,000-$3,499__________
$3,500-$3,999___________
$4,000-$4,999__________
$5,000-$7,499___________
$7,500 and over.......... —
Family type: Type I

Paid household
help
Fuel,
Fuel, Paid
Report
light, house
light,
Other and
Eligi ing ex Total and
re
re hold Other
items friger
items
ble pendi
friger Average Percent
age of
tures
ation amount families
ation help
having
(7)
(6)
(8) (9)
(5)
(4)
GO) (ID
(3)
(2)
$1
21
6
26
34
33
36
54
204
412

6
4
34
19
24
31
38
38
62
85
68

$72
59
70
83
79
101
104
148
132
162
220

62.6
68.4
54.5
58.7
54.0
52.6
53.7
45.9
47.4
35.0
30.4

0.5
(*)
10.4
2.8
11.4
11.8
11.1
10.7
15.4
36.3
45.4

36.9
31.6
35.1
38.5
34.6
35.6
35.2
43.4
37.2
28.7
24.2

1
1
8
28
5
24
52
68
64
85
159

8
14
10
55
18
31
50
47
45
70
100

47
89
64
70
96
105
112
107
119
170
181

58.5
49.6
59.1
55.7
56.5
50.0
47.3
49.1
49.4
45.5
38.8

.6
.4
4.5
12.6
2.3
9.4
16.6
19.8
17.7
18.2
28.6

40.9
50.0
36.4
31.7
41.2
40.6
36.1
31.1
32.9
36.3
32.6

74
426
7
104
30
12
48
27
75
$750-$999 ........................
966
27
114
74
4
$1,000-$1,249_.................... 1,398
40
(•) 1
129
32
79
6
$1,250-$1,499..................... 1,308
49
1
$1,500-$!,749____........
32
74
3
1,452
65
140
172
13
$1,750-$1,999___________ 1,284
41
66
93
20
22
$2,000-$2,249...................... 1,020
93
31
34
85
200
13
23
$2,250-82,499......................
684
33
189 100
76
12
$2,500-$2,999......................
31
20
87
960
205 106
$3,000-$3.499......................
14
62
46 117
306
324 145
52 188
$3,500-$3,999.....................
204
8
458 183
87
$4,900-$4,999......................
21
61 126
318
363 151
86
$5,000-$7,499_....................
219
85 162
228
8
503 122
$7,500 and over..............
96
6
885 235
422
83 228
S.ee p. 219 for notes on this table.
♦ Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.

71.2
64.0
64.9
61.2
52.9
54.1
46.5
52.9
51.7
44.8
40.0
41.6
24.3
26.5

(*)
.8
.7
7.5
11.0
6.9
5.9
19.1
19.0
23.7
43.5
47.7

28.8
36.0
35.1
38.0
46.4
38.4
42.5
40.2
42.4
36.1
41.0
34.7
32.2
25.8




174
210
252
204
258
384
354
318
450
390
108

16
16
27
24
22
33
23
18
24
17
8

$195
187
200
215
229
284
296
340
354
563
908

$122
128
109
126
124
149
159
156
168
197
276

180
216
288
312
216
408
276
114
252
138
30

15
17
27
27
27
39
24
13
28
13
4

116
178
176
222
232
257
311
344
362
468
555

68
88
104
124
131
128
147
169
179
213
215

(*)

205

TABULAR SUMMARY
DENVER, COLO.

Average money expenditure for groups of
items of household operation, and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by
occupation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-36— Continued

T a b l e 5.— Household operation:

of total
Average money expenditure for house Percentage
household opera
hold operation
tion expenditure

Number of
families
Occupational g r o u p ,
family type, and in
come class

(1)
Types 11 and 111
$500-$749...........................
$750-$999 ___
_____
$1,000-$1,249__________
$1,250-$1,499__________
$1,500-$1,749__________
$1,750-$1,999...... ...............
$2,000-$2,249__.................
$2,250-$2,499.....................
$2,500-$2,999__________
$3,000-$3,499...................
$3,500-$3,999.................
$4,000-$4,999__________
$5,000-$7,499__________
$7,500 and over................
Types IV and V
$500-$749
______
$750-$999_ ______ ______
$1,000-$1,249__________
$1,250-$1,499___________
$1,500-$! ,749__________
$1,750-$1,999____ ______
$2,000-$2,249___________
$2,250-$2,499__________
$2,500-$2,999__________
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999._.................
$4,000-$4,999.....................
$5,000-$7,499__________
$7,500 and over................

Paid household
help
Fuel,
Fuel, Paid
Report
light,
light, house
Other and
Eligi ing ex Total and
re hold Other
re
items friger
ble pendi
items
friger Average Percent
age of
tures
ation amount families
ation help
having
(8) (9)
(5)
(4)
(2)
(10) (11)
(6)
(7)
(3)
354
1,080
1, 224
1,446
1,260
1, 27S
1,062
714
786
288
246
252
264
90

8
33
30
57
58
73
60
59
74
30
20
26
19
7

$73
102
107
162
167
206
229
259
282
335
379
444
595
860

$54
72
78
102
108
127
140
150
147
159
173
191
213
264

186
576
900
1,116
1,320
930
1,158
744
1, 230
444
276
450
468
198

4
13
24
43
54
52
47
55
65
33
26
34
24
12

110
132
136
167
170
198
230
228
251
305
337
385
521
775

66
87
89
112
108
126
139
139
140
174
181
195
223
251

$6
3
13
13
28
44
72
98
121
218
314

6
15
23
20
22
24
40
68
69
59
72
100

$19
30
29
54
56
66
76
81
91
104
108
132
164
282

74.0
70. 6
72.9
63.0
64.7
81.7
61.1
57.9
52 1
47.5
45.6
43.0
35.8
30.7

(*)
3.7
1.8
6* 3
5.7
10.8
15. 6
21.5
25.9
27.3
36.6
36.5

26.0
29.4
27.1
33.3
33.5
32.0
33.2
31.3
32.3
31.0
28.5
29.7
27.6
32.8

1
1
2
5
6
8
16
30
45
62
124
334

io
2
7
4
11
12
21
31
36
62
76
91

44
45
46
54
60
67
85
81
95
101
111
128
174
190

60.0
65.9
65. 5
67.1
63.5
63.7
60.4
61.0
55.8
57.1
53.7
50.6
42.8
32.4

.7
.6
1.2
2.5
2.6
3.5
6.4
9.8
13.4
16.1
23.8
43.1

40.0
34.1
33.8
32.3
35.3
33.8
37.0
35.5
37.8
33.1
32.9
33.3
33.4
24.5

(*)

See p. 219 for notes on this table.
*Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




206

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
DENVER, COLO.

Average money expenditure for clothing for husband and wife
and other family members, and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by occu
pation family type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-36

T a b l e 6.— Clothing:

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Number of families
Occupational group,
family type, and in
come class
(1)

Eligible
(2)

A ll families
966
$500-$749.........................
2, 622
$750-$999...........................
$1,000-$1,249__.......... .
3, 522
$1,250-$1,499_...................
3, 870
$1,500- $1,749___............ ...
4,032
$1,750-$1.999_...................
3,492
$2,000-$2,249..................
3, 240
$2,250-$2,499_.................
2,142
$2,500-12,999.................
2, 976
$3,000-$3,499.................
1,038
$3,500-$3,999...................
726
$4,000-$4,999.....................
1,020
$5,000-$7,499..................
960
$7,500 and over.............
384
Occupational group:
Wage earner
$500-$749...... .....................
966
1,992
$750-$999...... ....................
$1,000-$1,249_.................
2, 502
$1,250-$1,499_.................
1, 956
$1,500-$1,749....................
1,632
$1,750-$1,999__________
1,218
$2,000-$2,249___...............
1,170
$2,250-$2,499.....................
498
$2,500-$2,999__..................
594
Clerical
$750-$999.......... ................
630
$1,000-$1,249.__........ ..
1,020
1,068
$1,250-$1,499__________
$1,500-$1,749___................
1.380
$1,750-$1,999__________
1,194
$2,000-$2,249. .................
1,056
$2,250-$2,499_....................
774
$2,500-$2,999...............
1.074
Independent business
and professional
$1,250-$1,499_...................
492
$1,500-$1,749__________
594
$1,750-$1,999__________
540
$2,000-$2,249....................
498
$2,250-$2,499___............ .
396
$2,500-$2,999.....................
516
$3,000-$3,499__________
408
$3,500-$3,999................
294
$4,000-$4,999_...................
318
$5,000-$7,499.....................
432
$7,500 and over.... ...........
246
See p. 219 for notes on this table.




Average money expenditure for Percentage of total fam
clothing i
ily clothing expenditure

Report
All
ing ex family Hus
pendi mem band
tures
bers
(3)
(5)
(4)

Other
Hus
Wife family
mem band
bers 2
(6)
(8)
(7)

Other
Wife family
mem
bers 2
GO)
(9)

19
58
81
132
144
166
141
147
170
77
54
81
51
25

$47
73
105
135
166
177
209
234
279
321
389
452
604
884

$21
28
37
47
58
65
71
79
88
107
124
151
185
234

$39
29
43
53
66
67
80
92
113
118
148
167
226
414

$7
16
25
35
42
45
58
63
78
96
117
134
193
236

44.7
38.4
35.2
34.8
34.9
36.7
34.0
33.8
31.5
33.3
31.9
33.4
30.6
26.5

40.4
39.7
41.0
39.3
39.8
37.9
38.3
39.3
40.5
36.8
38.0
37.0
37.4
46.8

14.9
21.9
23.8
25.9
25.3
25.4
27.7
26.9
28.0
29.9
30 1
29.6
32.0
26.7

19
38
49
44
47
38
32
32
28

47
73
96
122
169
167
226
234
214

21
28
33
43
60
62
71
85
57

19
27
38
48
70
57
89
97
72

7
18
25
31
39
48
66
52
85

44.7
38.4
34.4
35.2
35.5
37.2
31.4
36.3
26.6

40.4
37.0
39.6
39.4
41.4
34.1
39.4
41.5
33.6

14.9
24.6
26.0
25.4
23.1
28.7
29.2
22.2
39.8

20
32
34
35
39
33
35
43

75
130
159
158
183
197
226
286

27
46
57
56
66
72
76
89

35
53
61
60
68
.76
85
118

13
31
41
42
49
49
65
79

36.0
35.4
35.8
35.4
36.1
36.5
33.6
31.1

46.7
40.8
38.4
38.0
37.1
38.6
37.6
41.3

17.3
23.8
25.8
26.6
26.8
24.9
28.8
27.6

23
29
35
25
31
27
30
23
29
21
13

115
154
170
199
218
332
280
372
370
668
813

38
49
64
65
69
100
84
106
115
203
194

49
58
71
64
79
151
103
139
134
251
350

28
47
35
70
70
81
93
127
121
214
269

33.0
31.8
37.6
32.7
31.7
30.1
30.0
28.5
31.1
30.4
23.9

42.7
37.7
41.8
32.2
36.2
45.5
36.8
37.4
36.2
37.6
43.0

24.3
30.5
20.6
35.1
32.1
24.4
33.2
34.1
32.7
32.0
33.1

207

TABULAR SUMMARY
DENVER, COLO.

Average money expenditure for clothing for husband and wife
and other family members, and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by occu
pation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 1985-36— Continued

T a b l e 6.— Clothing:

Number of families
Occupational group,
family type, and in
come class
(1)

Eligible
(2)

Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499__________
174
$1,500-$1,749....................
210
$1,750-$1,999...................
252
$2,000-$2,249.....................
204
$2,250-$2,499...................
258
$2,500-$2,999__________
384
$3,000-$3,499__________
354
$3,500-$3,999__________
318
$4,000-$4,999.....................
450
$5,000-$7,499________
390
$7,500 and over.......... .
108
Salaried professional
$1,250-$1,499................. .
180
$1,500-$1,749__________
216
$1,750-$1,999............... .
288
$2,000-$2,249__________
312
$2,250-$2,499....................
216
$2,500-$2,999__________
408
$3,000-$3,499__________
276
$3,500-$3,999....................
114
$4,000-$4,999.__..............
252
$5,000-$7,499_________
138
$7,500 and over........ .......
30
Family type: Type I
$500-$749_____________
426
$750-$999______________
966
$1,000-$1,249__________
1, 398
$1,250-$1,499_...................
1,308
$1,500-$1,749__________
1,452
$1,750-$1,999__________
1,284
$2,000-$2,249__________
1,020
$2,250-$2,499__________
684
$2,500-$2,999__________
960
$3,000-$3,499__________
306
$3,500-$3,999__________
204
$4,000-$4,999__...............
318
.$fi,nn(V-$7}4QQ
228
17,500 and over________
96
Types II and III
$500-$749_ ..................... .
354
$750-$999.........................
1,080
$1,000-$1,249__..................
1, 224
$1,250-$1,499................. .
1,446
$1,500-$1,749__________
1, 260
$1,750-$1,999.....................
1,278
$2,000-$2,249................. .
1,062
$2,250-$2,499.....................
714
$2,500-$2,999.....................
786
$3,000-$3,499.....................
288
$3,500-53,999.....................
246
$4,000-$4,999.....................
252
$5,000-$7,499................... .
264
$7,500 and over............. .
90
See p. 219 for notes on this table.




Average money expenditure for Percentage of total fam
clothing
ily clothing expenditure

Report
All
ing ex family Hus
pendi mem band
tures
bers
(3)
(5)
(4)

Wife
(6)

Other
family Hus
mem band
bers
(7)
(8)

Other
Wife family
mem
bers
(9)
(10)

16
16
27
24
22
33
23
18
24
17
8

$169
233
196
217
282
287
347
419
503
536
1,143

$56
77
73
77
89
104
123
145
181
186
341

$55
106
78
78
106
118
131
168
194
223
633

$58
50
45
62
87
65
93
106
128
127
169

33.1
33.0
37.2
35.5
31.6
36.2
35.4
34.6
36.0
34.7
29.8

32.5
45.5
39.8
35.9
37.6
41.2
37.8
40.1
38.6
41.6
55.4

34.4
21.5
23.0
28.6
30.8
22.6
26.8
25.3
25.4
23.7
14.8

15
17
27
27
27
39
24
13
28
13
4

151
165
196
204
239
281
345
349
467
597
537

50
72
68
69
77
96
122
106
141
121
174

67
62
87
88
111
107
124
119
160
158
161

34
31
41
47
51
78
99
124
166
318
202

33.1
43.6
34.7
33.8
32.2
34.2
35.4
30.4
30.2
20.3
32.4

44.4
37.6
44.4
43.2
46.5
38.1
35.9
34.1
34.3
26.5
30.0

22.5
18.8
20.9
23.0
21.3
27.7
28.7
35.5
35.5
53.2
37.6

7
12
27
32
32
41
34
33
31
14
8
21
8
6

54
58
100
113
147
163
163
208
243
282
373
390
579
811

27
28
43
50
62
82
73
94
102
139
161
156
239
287

27
30
57
63
82
80
88
111
140
143
194
234
340
524

50.0
48.3
43.0
44.2
42.2
50.3
44.8
45.2
42.0
49.3
43.2
40.0
41.3
35.4

50.0
51.7
57.0
55.8
55.8
49.1
54.0
53.4
57.6
50.7
52.0
60.0
58.7
64.6

8
33
30
57
58
73
60
59
74
30
20
26
19
7

47
82
107
140
166
184
202
230
290
297
364
469
473
599

18
27
37
49
62
62
76
79
100
105
128
185
181
181

16
33
40
54
65
70
72
91
123
119
145
179
188
325

38.3
32.9
34.6
35.0
37.3
33.7
37.7
34.3
34.5
35.4
35.1
39.4
38.3
30.2

34.0
40.3
37.4
38.6
39.2
38.0
35.6
39.6
42.4
40.0
39.7
38.2
39.7
54.3

3
1
2
3
1
18

13
22
30
37
39
52
54
60
67
73
91
105
104
93

2.0
.6
1.2
1.4
.4
4.8

27.7
26.8
28.0
26.4
23.5
28.3
26.7
26.1
23.1
24.6
25.2
22.4
22.0
15.5

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

208

DENVER, COLO.

Average money expenditure for clothing for husband and wife
and other family members, and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by occu
pation, family type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-86— Continued

T a b l e 6.— Clothing:

Occupational group,
family type, and in
come class
(1)
Types IV and V
$500-$749...........................
$750-$999..................... ....
$1,000-$1,249.....................
$1,250-$1,499.....................
$1,500-$1,749.....................
$1,750-$1,999_...................
$2,000-$2,249.....................
$2,250-$2,499_...................
$2,500-$2,999_...................
$3,000-$3,499.....................
$3,500-$3,999________
$4,000-$4,999__.................
$5,000-$7,499...............
$7,500 and over..............

expenditure for Percentage of total fam
Number of families Average money
clothing
ily clothing expenditure
Eligible
(2)
186
576
900
1,116
1,320
930
1,158
744
1,230
444
276
450
468
198

See p. 219 for notes on this table.




Report
All
ing ex family Hus
pendi mem band
tures
bers
(5)
(3)
(4)
4
13
24
43
54
52
47
55
65
33
26
34
24
12

$28
81
112
152
187
189
257
263
300
362
423
487
691
1,048

$11
26
28
40
50
44
64
65
69
86
93
128
161
231

Other
Hus
Wife family
mem band
bers
(8)
(6)
(7)
$6
19
26
39
50
45
80
76
85
99
117
112
193
402

$11
36
58
73
87
100
113
122
146
177
213
247
337
415

39.3
32.1
25.0
26.3
26.7
23.3
24.9
24.7
23.0
23.8
22.0
26.3
23.3
22.0

Other
Wife family
mem
bers
(10)
(9)
21.4
23.5
23.2
25.7
26.7
23.8
31.1
28.9
28.3
27.3
27.7
23.0
27.9
38.4

39.3
44.4
51.8
48.0
46.6
52.9
44.0
46.4
48.7
48.9
50.3
50.7
48.8
39.6

TABULAR SUMMARY

209

DENVER, COLO.
T a b l e 7.—Personal care: Average money expenditure for toilet articles and prepa
rations, and services, and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by occupation ,
fam ily type, and income, in 1 year, 19S5-86
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]

Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Number of families

Average money expenditure
for personal care

Report
ing
Eligible expend
itures

Total

Serv
ices 1

(4)

(5)

(1 )
A ll families
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999________ ____ _______
$1,000-$1,249_________________
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-SI,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999_______ __________
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,250-$2,499___________ _____
$2,500-82,999_________________
$3,000-83,499_________________
$3,500-83,999..................................
$4,000-84,999_________________
$5,000-$7,499_________________
$7,500 and over______ ________
Occupational group: Wage
earner
$500-8749. .......................................
$750-8999.________ ___________
$1,000-81,249_________________
$1,250-81,499________________ _
$1,500-81,749___________ _____
$1,750-81,999_________________
$2,000-82,249_________________
$2,250-82,499._____ __________
$2,500-82,999_________________
Clerical
$750-$999____________________
$1,000-$1,249_........ .......................
$1,250-81,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-81,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249_.......... ....................
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-82,999_______________
Independent business and
professional
$1,250-81,499........ ..........................
$1,500-81,749...................................
$1,750-81,999____________ ____
$2,000-$2,249........ ..........................
$2,250-82,499____________ ____
$2,500-82,999_____________ _
$3,000-$3,499_________________
$3,500-$3,999_____ _______ ____
$4,000-84,999........ .........................
$5,000-87,499_________________
$7,500 and over____ ____ . . .
See p. 219 for note on this tab le.




(2 )

(3)

966
2,622
3, 522
3,870
4,032
3,492
3, 240
2,142
2, 976
1.038
726
1,0 20
960
384

19
58
81
132
144
166
141
147
170
77
54
81
51
25

966
1,992
2, 502
1,956
1,632
1 , 218
1,170
498
594

19
38
49
44
47
38
32
32
28

630
1,068
1,380
1,194
1,056
774
1,074

32
34
35
39
33
35
43

23
32
39
38
40
40
49
54

492
594
540
498
396
516
408
294
318
432
246

23
29
35
25
31
27
30
23
29
21
13

31
38
37
44
42
53
52
58
62
95
117

1,0 20

20

$16
21
28
34
39
39
42
47
53
59
64
73
94
110

$7
9
12
15
19
18
21
23
27
33
35
40
53
60

16
27
30
40
38
43
50
49

7
9
14
18
15
21
23
26

20

11

10

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(6)
$9
12
16
19

43.8
45.0
40.7
46.7
45.0
39.5
48.8
46.0
53.0

56.2
55.0
59.3
53.3
55.0
60.5
51.2
54.0
47.0

24
26

43.5
46.9
43.6
55.3
47.5
50.0
51.0
51.9

56.5
53.1
56.4
44.7
52.5
50.0
49.0
48.1

19
19
24
23
26
23
25
27
42
50

38.7
44.7
48.6
45.5
45.2
50.9
55.8
56.9
56.5
55.8
57.3

61.?
55.3
51.4
54. 5
54.8
49. 1
44.2
43.1
43.5
44.2
42.7

20

21
21

24
26
26
29
33
41
50
9

11
10

16

22

23
22
27
23
13
17
17

20

20

17
18
20
19
27
29
33
35
53
67

(7)

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(8)
56.2
57.1
57.1
55.9
51.3
53.8
50.0
51.1
49.1
44.8
45.3
45.2
43.6
45.5

22

12

Serv
ices 1

43.8
42.9
42.9
44.1
48.7
46.2
50.0
48.9
50.9
55.2
54.7
54.8
56.4
54.5

15
17
21
19
25
28

Percentage of total
personal care ex
penditure

21

21

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

210

DENVER, COLO.
T a b l e 7.—Personal care: Average money expenditure for toilet articles and prepa
rations, and services, and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by occupation,
fa m ily type, and income, in 1 year, 1935—86 —Continued

Occupational group, familytype, and income class

Number of families

Average money expenditure
for personal care

Report
ing
Eligible expend
itures

Total

Serv
ices

(4)

(5)

(1 )
Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499.................................
$1,500-$1,749...........................
$1,750-$1,999__________ ______
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,500-$2,999..................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999_________________
$4,000-$4,999_.................................
$5,000-$7,499___ ____ _________
$7,500 and over______________
Salaried professional
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749_.................................
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249_.................................
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999................__..........
$3,000-$3,499_________________
$3,500-$3,999_________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________
$5,000-$7,499_______ _________
$7,500 and over_______________
Family type: Type I
$500-$749........................................
$750-$999___ _____ ______ ____
$1,000-$1,249_............ ...................
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999............ .....................
$2,000-$2,249.________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999_______ __________
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999_.................................
$4,000-$4,999_________________
$5,000-$7,499...................................
$7,500 and over.............. ..............
Types II and III
$500-$749____________________
$750~$999........................................
$1,000-$1,249_...............................
$1,250-$1,499___ _____ ________
$1,500-$1,749_................................
$1,750-$1,999......................... .........
$2,000-$2,249_.................................
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999...... ...........................
$3,000-$3,499..................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999..................................
$5,000-$7,499_________________
$7,500 and over............................
See p. 219 for notes on this table.




(2)
174
210
252
204
258
384
354
318
450
390
108

(3)

8

$43
37
43
45
44
53
59
76
81
102
103

180
216
288
312
216
408
276
114
252
138
30

15
17
27
27
27
39
24
13
28
13
4

40
35
38
40
46
54
68
47
73
68
78

426
966
1,398
1,308
1, 452
1,284
1,0 20
684
960
306
204
318
228
96

7
12
27
32
32
41
34
33
31
14

18
19
29
30
38
33
38
41
46
47
82
66
116
84

354
1,080
1,224
1,446
1,260
1,278
1,062
714
786
288
246
252
264
90

16
16
27
24
22

33
23
18
24
17

8
21
8
6
8

33
30
57
58
73
60
59
74
30
20

26
19
7

15
27
36
37
41
42
46
53
62
57
71
92
124
20

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(6)

$19
15
23
25
21

25
32
41
43
58
51
20

14
17
20
23
26
39
23
40
36
43
8
8

13
13

21

15
19
24
26
46
36
67
45
21

6

9
16
16
11

20
21

23
27
34
31
38
51
63

$24
22
20
20

23
28
27
35
38
44
52
20
21
21
20

23
28
29
24
33
32
35
10
11

16
17
17
18
19

20
22
21

36
30
49
39
9
16

11

20
21
21
21

23
26
28
26
33
41
61

Percentage of total
personal care ex
penditure
Serv
ices
(7)

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(8)

44.2
40.5
53.5
55.6
47.7
47.2
54.2
53.9
53.1
56.9
49.5

55.8
59.5
46.5
44.4
52.3
52.8
45.8
46.1
46.9
43.1
50.5

50.0
40.0
44.7
50.0
50.0
48.1
57.4
48.9
54.8
52.9
55.1

50.0
60.0
55.3
50.0
50.0
51.9
42.6
51.1
45.2
47.1
44.9

44.4
42.1
44.8
43.3
55.3
45.5
50.0
51.2
52.2
55.3
56.1
54.5
57.8
53.6

55.6
57.9
55.2
56.7
44.7
54.5
50.0
48.8
47.8
44.7
43.9
45.5
42.2
46.4

40.0
45.0
40.7
44.4
43.2
48.8
50.0
50.0
50.9
54.8
54.4
53.5
55.4
50.8

60.0
55.0
59.3
55.6
56.8
51.2
50.0
50.0
49.1
45.2
45.6
46.5
44.6
49.2

211

TABULAR SUMMARY
DENVER, COLO.

T a b l e 7.—Personal care: Average money expenditure for toilet articles and prepa

rations, and services , and percentage distribution of such expenditure , by occupation ,
fa m ily type , and incom e , in 1 year , 1 9 3 5 -8 6 —Continued

Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Number of families

Average money expenditure
for personal care

Report
ing
Eligible expend
itures

Total

Serv
ices

(4)

(5)

(1 )
Types IV and V
$500-$749................ ........................
$750-$999_.....................................
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499_................................
$1,500-$1,749.............................
$1,750-$1,999__.......... ....................
$2,000-$2,249______ ___________
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999____________ ____
$3,000-$3,499____ ______ ______
$3,500-$3,999__............ .................
$4,000-$4,999..................................
$5,000-$7,499_________________
$7,500 and over_______ _______
See p. 219 for notes on this table.




(2 )
186
576
900
1,116
1,320
930
1,158
744
1,230
444
276
450
468
198

(3)
4
13
24
43
54
52
47
55
65
33
26
34
24
12

$13
25
28
36
41
43
45
53
58
65
58
80
84
117

$6
12
11

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(6)

17
19
19
22
24
30
36 ,
30
44
46
67

$7
13
17
19

22

24
23
29
28
29
28
36
38
50

Percentage of total
personal care ex
penditure
Serv
ices
(7)
46.2
48.0
39.3
47.2
46.3
44.2
48.9
45.3
51.7
55.4
51.7
55.0
54.8
57.3

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(8)
53.8
52.0
60.7
52.8
53.7
55.8
51.1
54.7
48.3
44.6
48.3
45.0
45.2
42.7

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

212

DENVER, COLO.
T a b l e 8.—Automobile operation and purchase: Percentage of fam ilies own
ing and purchasing automobiles, average money expenditure for all fam ilies for
operation and purchase , by occupation, fam ily type , and income , in 1 year,
1 9 8 5 -8 6
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native bornl
Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class
(1 )

Eligible
(2 )

A ll families
966
$500-$749____ ______ _________
2 , 622
$750-$999____________________
3, 522
$1,000—$1,249_________________
3, 870
$1,250-$1,499_________________
4,032
$1,500-$1,749_________________
3, 492
$1,750-$1,999_________________
3, 240
$2i000-$2'249_________________
2,142
$2'250-$2|499____ ___ _______
2,976
$2,500-$2,999________________ •
1,038
$3|000-$3'499_________________
726
$3,500-$3,999_________________
1,0 20
$4,000-$4,999_________________
960
$5,000-$7,499_________________
384
$7,500 and over______________
Occupational group: Wage
earner
966
$500-$749........................................
1,992
$750-$999____ _____ __________
2. 502
$1,000-$1,249 ________________
1,956
$1,250-$1,499 _______________
1,632
$1,500-$1,749______________ _ ...
1,218
$1,750-$1,999_____________ ___
1,170
$2,000-$2,249 ________________
498
$2,250-$2,499_________________
594
$2,500-$2,999 _______ _________
Clerical
630
$750-$999................................... ___
1,0 20
$1,000-$1,249 _______________
1,068
$1,250-$1,499_________________
1,380
$1,500-$1,749 ________________
1,194
$1,750-$1,999_________________
1,056
$2,000-$2,249_________________
774
$2,250-$2,499—...............................
1,074
$2,500-$2,999___.............................
Independent business and
professional
492
$1,250-$1,499_________________
594
$1,500-$1,749___________ _____
540
$1,750-$1,999_________________
498
$2,000-$2,249_________________
396
$2,250-$2,499 _______________
516
$2,500-$2,999_________________
408
$3,000-$3,499________________
294
$3,500-$3,999_________________
318
$4,000-$4,999 ____ ____________
432
$5,000-$7,499 .......... ......................
246
$7,500 and over...........................
See p. 219 for notes on this table.




Report
ing ex
pendi
tures
(3)

Percentage of all
families

Average money expenditure
of all families

Owning Purchas Operation Opera Purchase
auto ing auto and pur tion i
(net)»
mobiles mobiles chase
(4)

(5)

( 6)

(7)

(8 )

19
58
81
132
144
166
141
147
170
77
54
81
51
25

39
63
67
78
76
83
82
89
92
92
94
90
95

17
15
17
19
25
15
27
24
32
17
31
32
25
40

$37
60
87
142
170
172
233
248
302
273
403
348
459
739

$19
43
58
85
93
104
122
144
152
171
235
188
282
329

19
38
49
44
47
38
32
32
28

39
69
64
77
83
79
79
92
95

17
17
17
23
32

37
69
85
159
190
174
263
248
281

19
49
58
88
94

20

32
34
35
39
33
35
43
23
29
35
25
31
27
30
23
29
21
13

86

45
75
85
71
83
84
83
91
78
79
84
93

86

100

93
89
88
89
79

12

35
16
28
8

16
15
27
12

17
20
36
17
17
23
39
30
35
27
20
21

28
28

10 1
102

148
150

35
93
130
161
151
171
204
294

133
145

91
140
191
308
277
392
328
299
248
427
492

70
105
114
126
145
181
168
198
159
236
306

26
59
82
88
96
12 2

$18
17
29
57
77
68
111

104
150
102

168
160
177
410
18
27
71
96
73
161
100
131
20

9
34
48
73
55
49
71
149
21

35
77
182
132
2 11

160
10 1
89
191
186

213

TABULAR SUMMARY

DENVER, COLO.
T a b l e 8.—Automobile operation and purchase: Percentage of fam ilies own
ing and purchasing autom obiles , average money expenditure for all fam ilies for
operation and purchasey by occupation , fa m ily type , and income , in 1 year ,
1 93 5-86 —Continued
Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Eligible

(1 )
Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499__........ ..................__
$1,500-$l ,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,250-$2.499_________________
$2,500-$2,999_____________
$3,000-$3,499_________________
$3,500-$3.999_________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________
$5,000-$7,499_________________
$7,500 and over.............................
Salaried professional
$1,250-$1,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-12,909_________________
$3,000-$3,499_________________
$3,500-$3,999_________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________
$5,000-$7,499..................................
$7,500 and over______ ________
Family type: Type I
$500-$749____________________
$750-$999____ _____________
$1,000-$!,249_________________
$1,250-$1,499______________ _
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999________ ________
$3,000-$3,499-________________
$3,500-$3,999______ __________
$4,000-$4,999_______________
$5,000-$7,499_________________
$7,500 and over_______________
Types IT and III
$500-$749 ___ ___
$750-$999........................................
$1,000-$1,249_________________
$1,250-$!,499— .......... ..................
$1,500-$1,749___.......... ...............
$1,750-$!,999.......... .....................
$2,000-$2,249........ ..................... .
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999_________________
$3,000”$3,499_____________ _
$3,500-$3,999...............................
$4,000-$4,999...... .................... .
$5,000-$7,499___________ _____
$7,500 and over____ _____ ____
See p. 219 for notes on this table.




(2 )

Report
ing ex
pendi
tures
(3)

174
252
204
258
384
354
318
450
390
108

16
16
27
24

180
216
288
312
216
408
276
114
252
138
30

15
17
27
27
27
39
24
13
28
13
4

210

426
966
1,398
1,308
1, 452
1,284
1,0 20
684
960
306
204
318
228
96
354
1,080
1, 224
1,446
1 , 260
1,278
1,062
714
786
288
246
252
264
90

22

33
23
18
24
17
8

7
12

27
32
32
41
34
33
31
14
8
21
8
6

8

33
30
57
58
73
60
59
74
30
20

26
19
7

Percentage of all
families

Average money exp enditure
of all familie s

Owning Purchas Operation Opera Purchase
auto ing auto and pur tion
(net)
mobiles mobiles chase •
(4)

(5)
75
70
76
86
96
92
97
96
92

100
100

63
61
94
85
90
80

86
100

90

100
100

57
46
74
75
78
86

87
93
97
88

too
96
85
83

25
76
04
82
78
86

83
85
86
95
95
92
95

100

(6)

(8 )

(7)

16
24
44
46
10
26
35
21
61

$126
144
167
232
307
357
230
410
379
466
1,311

16
25
21
15
19
14
10
73
39
28
50

176
177
208
20 1
274
187
250
652
415
544
715

84
131
158
171
150
191
262
215
321
372

29
14
19
28
17
26
32
39

60
31
87
J65
191
217
242
315
387
283
360
276
308
308

28
31
62
87
96
124
129
155
178
173
317
171
218
223

11
8

11

15
25
20
33
24
28
30
23
18
19
19
28
16
42
20
37
84

12
92
112

160
184
155
208
188
286
281
433
330
570
748

$ 10 1

97
108
166
144
137
160
259
193
319
370
86

12

65
62
89

100
99
123
120
144
186
187
228
291
269

$25
47
59
66
163
220

70
151
186
147
941
90
93
77
43
103
37
59
390
200
223
343
32
25
78
95
93
113
160
209
110

43
105
90
145
37
50
71
78
56
85
68
142
95
246
102
285

479

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKV MOUNTAIN REGION

214

DENVER, COLO.
T a b l e 8.—Automobile operation and purchase: Percentage of fam ilies own
ing and purchasing autom obiles , average money expenditure for all fam ilies for
operation and purchase , by occupationy fa m ily type , and incom e , in 1 year ,
1935-86 —Continued
Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Eligible

(1)
Types I V and V
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999..................................... .
$1,000-$1,249_.................................
$1,250-$!,499___.............................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999.......... .......................
$2,000-$2,249_.................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,500-$2,999..................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000-$7,499...................................
$7,500 and over___.....................

See p. 219 for notes on this table.




(2)
186
576
900
1,116
1,320
930
1,158
744
1, 230
444
276
450
468
198

Report
ing ex
pendi
tures
(3)
4
13
24
43
54
52
47
55
65
33
26
34
24
12

Percentage of all
families

Average money expenditure
of all families

Owning Purchas Operation Opera Purchase
auto ing auto and pur tion
(net)
mobiles mobiles chase •
(4)
25
68
61
78
73
73
77
90
92
93
88
85
100
82

(5)

(8)
25
23
5
5
24
8
31
20
30
22
34
43
21
23

$32
53
55
91
134
129
246
241
247
263
409
408
468
915

(7)
$13
43
47
77
79
84
115
156
137
161
217
177
308
407

(8)
$19
10
8
14
55
45
131
85
110
102
192
231
160
508

215

TABULAR SUMMARY
DENVER, COLO.

T able

9.—Recreations
Average money expenditure for recreation of specified
types , by occupation, fa m ily type , and income, in 1 year, 1935-86
[White nonrelief families including husband and wifo, both native born]
Number of families

Occupational group, family
type, and income class
(1)

Average money expenditure for recreation
Paid admissions

Eligible

Reporting expcnditures

Total

(2)

(3)

(4)

Movies
(5)

Equip
ment for
games Other i
and
Other i sports
(6)
(7)
(8)

A ll families
966
19
$8
$3
$500-$749.........................................
(*)
2,622
58
$750-3999.........................................
18
7
$1
2
3,522
9
81
$1,000-$1,249_________________
30
132
3,870
Sl,250-$1,499...................................
13
3
35
4,032
144
16
4
46
$1,500-$1,749...............................
3,492
15
$1,750-31,999..................................
166
61
5
3,240
141
18
$2,000-$2,249_............................... .
65
7
2,142
22
147
7
$2,250-$2,499...........................
73
2,976
170
83
22
11
$2,500-$2,999_.................................
26
$3,000-$3,499...................................
1,038
9
119
77
22
$3,600-33,999...................................
16
726
54
146
16
1,020
81
165
33
$4,000-34,999...................................
31
28
960
293
$5,000-37,499..................................
51
52
32
384
25
$7,500 and over.............................
440
Occupational group: Wage
earner
966
8
3
$500-3749........................................
19
(*)
1
1,992
38
7
17
$750-3999.........................................
2
2,502
$1,000-31,249...............................
49
7
31
$1,250-31,499...................................
1,956
44
33
10
3
42
14
1,632
5
$1,500-31,749............ ................. 47
4
66
15
$1,750-31,999...................................
1,218
38
32
14
66
9
32,000-$2,249..................................
1,170
21
32
67
6
$2,250-32,499..................................
498
$2,500-$2,999...................................
594
28
80
18
10
Clerical
$750-3999.........................................
22
2
20
8
630
32
13
$1,000-31,249...................................
30
3
1,020
4
34
39
18
$1,250-31,499...................................
1,068
52
18
5
35
$1,500-31,749...................................
1,380
6
58
15
$1,750-31,999...................................
39
1,194
21
4
$2,000-32,249...................................
33
67
1,056
6
20
$2,250-32,499...................................
774
35
69
22
$2,500-32,999...................................
11
76
1,074
43
Independent business and
professional
2
$1,250-31,499...................................
492
23
31
14
$1,500-31,749...................................
47
20
2
594
29
$1,750-$1,999...................................
8
13
35
50
540
$2,000-32,249...................................
53
19
5
498
25
22
6
31
73
$2,250-$2,499...................................
396
92
29
15
$2,500-32,999...................................
516
27
124
22
6
$3,000-33,499..................................
30
408
22
$3,500-33,999..................................
23
149
10
294
34,000-34,999..................................
172
27
20
29
318
21
$5,000-37,499...................................
432
396
33
44
35
$7,500 and over..............................
246
13
449
59
See p. 219 for notes on this table.
•Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.

125019°—40-




•15

31
1
4
4*
5
8
10
12
12
23
23
69
99

34
9
15
15
19
36
32
34
38
72
85
93
165
257

1
1
4
4
6
4
10
14
7

4
8
18
16
17
43
33
26
45

4
3
7
5
5
9
16

12
10
14
22
32
37
34
27

3
8
6
8
9
15
17
19
28
106
99

12
17
23
21
36
83
79
98
99
213
256

(*)

216

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
DENVER, COLO.

9.— Recreation: Average money expenditure for recreation of specified
typesf by occupation , fa m ily type , and incom e , in 1 year , 1985—36 — Continued

T able

Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class
0)

ReportexEligible ing
penditures
(2)

(3)

Average money expenditure for recreation
Paid admissions
Total
(4)

Movies

Other

(5)

(6)

Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499...................................
174
$19
16
$3
$47
$1,500-$1,749_________________
210
12
16
50
3
$1,750-$1,999________ ________
252
61
14
27
6
$2,000-$2,249_________________
204
82
24
22
9
$2,250-$2,499____ ______ ______
22
69
28
9
258
$2,500-$2,999___________ _____
384
89
19
33
8
$3,000-$3,499_________________
354
23
123
27
10
$3,500-$3,999_________________
318
18
161
23
22
$4,000-$4,999________________ _
450
24
153
38
15
$5,000-$7,499_________________
390
224
29
12
17
$7,500 and over_______________
108
483
46
8
23
Salaried professional
$1,250-$1,499_............................... .
180
2
30
7
15
$1,500-$1,749__...............................
216
17
36
16
7
$1,750-$1,999.________________
288
27
18
73
8
22
$2,000-$2,249_________________
312
66
9
27
$2,250-$2,499__............ ..................
216
106
13
27
18
22
$2,500-$2,999..................................
10
408
39
88
276
24
106
27
15
$3,000-$3,499_.................................
114
$3,500-$3,999_.................................
99
20
16
13
12
$4,000-$4,999_.................................
252
30
28
178
$5,000-$7,499_.................................
13
166
26
19
138
34
$7,500 and over.............................
17
30
4
208
Family type: Type 1
$500-$749.........................................
426
7
11
4
(*)
1
$750-$999.........................................
12
13
8
966
$1,000-$1,249...................................
29
9
4
1,398
27
32
$1,250-$1,499..................................
32
13
3
1,308
4
$1,500-$1,749...................................
32
46
17
1,452
$1,750-$1,999...................................
41
14
1,284
56
8
4
$2,000-$2,249..................................
65
34
20
1,020
$2,250-$2,499...................................
65
19
8
684
33
12
$2,500-$2,999..................................
960
25
31
79
$3,000-$3,499_.................................
15
10
97
306
14
$3,500-$3.999...................................
22
204
141
17
8
$4,000-$4,999.__.............................
21
112
11
318
28
$5,000-$7,499...................................
228
421
24
48
8
$7,500 and over............................
96
6
412
50
23
See p. 219 for note on this table.
♦ Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




Equip
ment for
games
and
sports
(7)

Other
(8)

$1
10
6
8
7
12
8
25
23
42
111

$24
25
35
43
25
50
78
91
77
141
303

8
3
8
7
15
4
12
26
21
30
55

13
10
39
28
60
52
52
37
115
91
102

2
3
3
9
6
10
11
16
16
26
16
161
73

5
4
13
13
16
29
31
27
26
56
76
57
188
266

(*)

217

TABULAR SUMMARY
DENVER, COLO.

9.—Recreation: Average money expenditure for recreation of specified
types , by occupation , fa m ily type , and incom e , in 1 year , 1985-86 — Continued

T able

Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class
(1)
Types II and III
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999_.......................................
$1,000-$1.249_.................................
$1,250-$1,499..................-...............
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249_.................................
$2,250-$2,499..................................
$2,500-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999_.................................
$5,000-$7,499_...............................
$7,500 and over.............................
Types IV and V
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999.........................................
$1,00C-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499..................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999.__.............................
$2,000-$2,249..................................
$2,250-$2,499.________________
$2,500-$2,999_.................................
$3,000-$3,499..................................
$3,500-$3,999_.................................
$4,000-$4,999..................................
$5,000-$7,499____________ ____
$7,500 and over.............................

Reportex
Eligible ing
pend itures
(2)

Average money expenditure for recreation
Paid admissions
Total
(4)

(3)

Movies

Other

(5)

(6)

354
1,080
1,224
1,446
1,260.
1,278
1,062
714
786
288
246
252
268
90

8
33
30
57
58
73
60
59
74
30
20
26
19
7

$8
22
33
43
54
64
60
76
91
115
166
221
260
278

$4
6
9
12
13
14
16
21
20
22
25
37
32
32

(*)

186
576
900
1,116
1,320
930
1,158
744
1,230
444
276
450
468
198

4
13
24
43
54
52
47
55
65
33
26
34
24
12

4
19
28
28
38
64
70
77
80
136
132
171
249
527

1
7
6
13
20
18
19
25
21
35
23
34
33
62

(*)
(*) 1
2
3
5
9
6
10
8
9
18
24
28

$2
2
4
6
3
6
7
11
10
19
18
16
47

See p. 219 for note on this table.
•Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




Equip
ment for
games Other
and
sports
(7)
(8)

$1
5
5
8
6
7
10
12
13
32
38
31
70

$4
13
17
22
27
41
31
38
48
70
90
128
181
129

(*) 3
4
3
3
4
7
11
9
9
11
20
46
124

3
9
17
10
12
37
35
35
40
84
89
99
146
313

(•)

Footnotes for Tables in Expenditure Tabular Summary
D enver
TABLE 1
1 See glossary, appendix B, for eligibility requirements.
* Money income is equal to the sum of money expenditure (column 7) plus net surplus or deficit (column
8) plus net balancing difference (column 9).
3 Nonmoney income from housing includes imputed income from owned family or vacation homes plus
rent received as pay or gift (average amounts based on all families, whether or ndt they reported such non
money income).
* Includes purchases on cash or credit basis. Does not include money disbursements resulting in an
increase in family assets or a decrease in liabilities. (Examples of disbursements not treated as expenditures
will be found in the glossary, appendix B.)
8 See glossary, appendix B, for definitions of surplus and deficit.
« Represents the average net difference between reported money receipts and reported money disburse
ments. See glossary, appendix B. A maximum balancing difference within 5.5 percent was allowable on
each schedule.
TABLE 1-A
i A surplus represents an increase in assets or a decrease in liabilities, or both; a deficit represents a decrease
in assets or an increase in liabilities, or both.
3 Some families reported neither surplus nor deficit for the year; therefore the sum of columns 5 and 6
does not always equal 100 percent.
3 Since the average amounts in these two columns are based on the number of families reporting surplus or
deficit, respectively, they do not add to the average net surplus or deficit shown in column 4 for all families.
TABLE 2
1 The averages in this table include money expenditures for goods and services purchased on either cash
or credit basis. They do not include value of goods and services received without money expense. Averages
are based on all families, whether or not they reported expenditures for the specified categories.
2 Housing expenditures include the money expense of home owners and rent contracted for by renting
families for family homes and other housing. The value of fuel, light, and refrigeration is included when
furnished by the landlord and included in the rental rate.
s Includes all expenditures for operation and maintenance (see table 8), and the net purchase price (gross
price less trade-in allowance) of automobiles bought during the schedule year. The proportion of automo
bile expense chargeable to business has been deducted. See glossary, appendix B.
* Includes paid admissions, equipment, and supplies for games, sports and other recreation, club dues, and
the like. Does not include expense for transportation, food, or lodging while on vacation.
8 Taxes include only poll, income, and personal property taxes. All other taxes, such as those on real
estate, amusements, and retail sales taxes are included as a part of the expenditure for these items. Gifts
do not include gifts from one member of the economic family to another.
TABLE 3
i Includes expenditures for board at school, which amounted to less than 5 percent of average food oxpense
for all families with incomes of less than $5,000. Among families in the business and professional categories,
it amounted at most to an average of $125, at the income level $7,500 and over. For families of types IV
and V, it amounted at most to an average of $198, at the income level $7,500 and over.
* See glossary, appendix B, for method of deriving this figure.
TABLE 4
i Includes housing expenditure for both owners and renters. Average amounts for renting families are
based on rental rate contracted for. Value of fuel, light, and refrigeration is included when furnished by the
landlord and included iD the rental rate. See table 4-A for percentage of families for whom those facilities
were included as part of the rental rate.
a See table 4-A for separation of expense for owning and renting families.
3 Includes net money expenditure for owned or rented vacation homes, lodging while traveling or on
vacation, and room at school.
8 See glossary, appendix B, for method of deriving this figure. Includes nonmoney inoome from owned
vacation homes, which amounted at most to an average of $3 for all families, at the income level $5,000
to $7,499.
8 Percentages based on the average value of all housing (column 6).
218




TABULAR SUMMARY

219

TABLE 4-A
1 These two percentages do not always add to 100, since families that both owned and rented during the
year, or received rent as gift or pay, are not included in columns 4 through 7.
2 Percentages based on renting families reporting these facilities included in rent at the end of the schedule
year.
TABLE 5
1 Excludes value of fuel, light, and refrigeration furnished by the landlord and included in the rental rato.
Fuel received without money expense is not included in this average, but amounted to less than 5 percent
of money expense for fuel, light, and refrigeration for all families except those at the income level $750 to
$999.
2 See glossary, appendix B, for items included.
TABLE 6
1 Value of clothing gifts from one family member to another are included in the average expenditure for
the member receiving such gifts. Gifts oi clothing to or from individuals outside the economic family are
excluded.
2 For families of type I, averages and percentages shown in columns 7 and 10 are for individuals who were
members of the economic family less than 27 weeks, and were therefore not considered equivalent members
in determining family type. See glossary, appendix B, for method of classifying families by type.
TABLE 7
2 See glossary, appendix B, for items included.
TABLE 8
1 To obtain the average cost of operation for families owning automobiles, divide the average shown in
this column by the corresponding figure in column 4 and multiply by 100.
2 To obtain the average net purchase price (gross price less trade-in allowance) for families purchasing
automobiles, divide the average shown in this column by the corresponding figure in column 5 and multiply
by 100.
TABLE 9
» See glossary, appendix B, for items included.




220

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
ROCKY M O UNTAIN, 2 M ID DLE-SIZED CITIES

Balance of family income and expenditure: Num ber of eligible
fam ilies, number reporting expenditures, average net money and nonmoney income,

T a b l e 1.—

average money expenditure for fa m ily living, net surplus or deficit, and balancing
difference, by occupation, fa m ily type, and income, in 1 year . 1985—86
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Number of fam
ilies

Occupational group, family
type, and income class
0)

Report
ex
Eligible1 ing
pendi
tures
(2)
(3)

Average net income

Average
money
expendi
Non ture for
family
Total M oney2 money
from living <
housings
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)

A ll families
$415
$390
$250-$499__________________
49
16
$25
$666
37
658
$500-$749....................................
233
32
626
833
66
874
429
814
60
$750-$999._.................................
970
1,132 1,093
775
127
$1,000-$1,249_______________
39 1,231
1,379 1,307
136
$1,250-$1,499_............................
866
72 1,422
$1,500-$1,749.................. ..........
133
1, 615 1,556
819
59 1, 529
151
1,871 1,780
$1,750-$1,999_____ _________
786
91 1,808
2,116 2,014
$2,000-^2,249.............................
148
519
102 1,957
2,373 2,254
120
$2,250-$2,499_____ _________
415
119 2,101
2, 744 2,581
$2,500-$2,999__..........................
155
76
163 2,471
58
$3,000-$3,499_______________
3,187 3,034
135
153 2,655
3, 732 3,542
47
$3,500-$3,999_______________
79
190 3,078
4, 378 4,191
$4,000-$4,999_______________
79
37
187 3,582
7,472 7,260
$5,000 and over____________
101
35
212 5,171
Occupational group: Wage
earner
49
415
$250-$499..................................
16
390
25
666
654
$500-$749________ _________
196
25
624
30
846
$750-$999__.................................
873
356
43
809
64
972
$1,000-$1,249.................... .........
502
1,133 1,093
48
40 1,238
$1,250-$1,499.............................
591
51
1,383 1,320
63 1,437
$1,500-$1,749_...........................
41
449
1, 631 1,563
68 1, 527
$1,750-$1,999_______________
394
49
1,871 1,752
119 1,775
$2,000-$2,249.............................
239
40
2,117 2, 022
95 1,941
$2,250-$2,499________ ______
2,376 2,274
163
28
102 2,112
Clerical
$500-$749.....................................
37
679
12
636
43
769
$750-$999...................................
73
879
23
42
837
963
$1,000-$l,249_...........................
41
152
1,135 1,120
15 1,235
$1,250-$1,499.....................
144
31
1,377 1,301
76 1,477
$1,500-$1,749..............................
230
1, 594 1,555
36
39 1, 535
$1,750-$1,999................ ............
223
39
1,869 1,824
45 1,729
$2,000-$2,249..............................
143
41
2,119 2,046
73 1,978
$2,250-$2,499.............................
124
37
2,356 2,206
150 2,017
Independent business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249.............................
24
98
1,120 1,043
77 1,198
$1,250-$1,499..............................
77
29
1,351 1,226
125 1,219
$1,500-$1,749.............. ..............
60
30
1,600 1, 500
100 1,447
$1,750-$1,999.............................
70
1,864 1, 720
27
144 2,109
$2,000-$2,249..............................
59
33
2,130 1,931
199 1,939
$2,250-$2,499..............................
55
2, 376 2, 279
22
97 2,116
$2,500-$2,999..............................
62
42
2,795 2,560
235 2,533
$3,000-$3,499..............................
45
20
3,187 3, 010
177 2, 612
$3,500-$3,999..............................
32
18
3,744 3, 439
305 3,151
$4,000-$4,9Q9.............................
33
16
4,339 4,161
178 3,573
$5,000 and over.........................
59
19
6,804 6,677
127 5,017
See p. 254 for notes on this table.
* Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




Average
net sur
plus or
deficit
(-)*

Average
net bal
ancing
differ
ence®

(8)

(9)

-$261
-191
-137
-115
-101
39
-1 7
66
170
139
386
495
608
2,076

—$15
-1 6
-1 9
-2 3
-1 4
-1 2
-1 1
-9
-1 7
-2 9
-7
-31
1
13

-261
-204
-144
-121
-103
49
-6
89
178

-1 5
-1 8
-1 9
-24
-1 4
-1 3
-1 7
-8
-1 6

-119
-109
-8 9
-156
28
95
78
2f 8

-1 4
-1 7
-2 6
-2 0
-8
(*)
-1 0
-1 9

-139
24
62
-378
14
172
66
403
294
543
1,669

-16
-1 7
-9
-11
-2 2
-9
-39
-5
-6
45
-9

221

TABULAR SUMMARY
ROCKY M O UN TAIN , 2 M ID DLE-SIZED CITIES

1.— Balance of family income and expenditure: Number of eligible
fam ilies, number reporting expenditures, average net money and nonmoney income,

T able

average money expenditure for fam ily living, net surplus or deficit, and balancing
difference, by occupation, fam ily type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-86 —Continued
Number of fam
ilies

Occupational group, family
type, and income class
0)

Average net income

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi Total
tures
(4)
(2)
(3)

Average Average
money
expendi net sur
or
Non ture for plus
family deficit
Money money
(-)
from living
housing
(5)
(6)
(8)
(7)

Salaried business and pro
fessional
23
14 $1,145 $1,117
$28 $1,194
$1,000-$1,249_............................
54
1, 373 1,296
25
77 1,410
$1,250-$1,499..............................
80
1,597 1, 565
32 1,582
26
$1,500-$1,749.............................
99
1,883 1,834
36
49 1,899
$1,750-Sl,999..........................78
34
2,097 1,992
105 1,983
$2,00Q-$2,249.............................
73
2,391 2,271
33
120 2,203
$2,250~$2,499..............................
93
34
2, 710 2, 595
115 2,429
$2,500-$2,999..............................
90
3,187 3,045
142 2,676
$3,000-$3,499...........................
38
47
3,725 3,612
29
113 3,028
$3,500-$3,999............................
46
4,407 4,214
21
193 3,591
$4,000-$4,999........................—
42
8,411 8,080
16
$5,000 and over_____ ______
331 5,388
Family type: Type I
23
414
4
380
34
582
$250-$499..................................
115
11
660
42
618
769
$500-$749__________________
149
17
859
768
91
$750-$999__________________
883
283
1,129 1,072
$1,000-$1,249______ ________
30
57 1,141
28
287
1,347
$1,250-$1,499.............................
1,259
88 1,372
267
1,603
32
56 1,550
$1,500-$1,749..............................
1,547
239
$1,750-$1,999.........................
35
1,871
1,767
104 1,791
162
$2,000-$2,249.............................
29
2,100 1,995
105 1,918
134
24
2, 358 2,242
$2,250-$2,499............................
116 1,928
37
19
2,750 2,649
$2,500-$2,999_ .......................
101 2, 356
38
12
3,213 3,141
$3,000-$3,499_______________
72 2,604
22
3,702 3,503
$3,500-$3,999_____ _________
10
199 2,706
21
4, 325 4,119
$4,000-$4,999_______ ____
7
206 3, 578
36
6,452 6,285
9
$5,000 and over____________
167 4, 244
Types II and IIJ
$250-$499................. ...................
17
8
415
415
643
86
$500-$749............... .................
18
658
651
7
931
167
$750-$999................... .................
25
869
41
828
975
297
11 1,266
$1,000-$1,249..............................
55
1,143
1,132
327
60
1, 383 1, 317
$1,250-$1,499................ .............
66 1,436
325
58
1,615
44 1,496
$1,500-$1,749.............................
1, 571
304
$1,750-$1,999.........................__
1,863
63
1,810
53 1,804
172
62
$2,000-$2,249.............................
2,128 2,043
85 1,926
114
44
$2,250-$2,499.............................
2, 370 2.269
101 2,163
46
$2,500-$2,999.............................
27
2,739 2, 572
167 2.345
$3,000-$3,499______________
36
19
3,159 2, 892
267 2, 704
$3,500-$3,999..............................
26
21
3, 750 3,643
107 3.033
20
$4,000-$4,999.............................
11
4,343 4,265
78 3, 560
20
$5,000 and over___ ____ ___
6,772 6,568
11
204 5,173
Types IV and V
$250-$499_______ __________
9
4
416
366
50
923
32
802
$500-$749....................................
8
649
587
62
113
$750-$999....................................
24
902
854
48 1,080
$1,000-$1,249..............................
195
42
1,120 1,064
56 1,309
252
$1,250-$1,499..............................
1,409
48
1,349
60 1,461
227
$1,500-$1,749.............................
43
1,629 1, 547
82 1,552
$1,750-SI,999..............................
243
53
1,882 1,756
126 1,828
$2,000-$2,249..............................
185
57
2,118 2,002
116 2,020
167
52
$2,250-$2,499..............................
2, 385 2,253
132 2,196
72
$2,500-$2,999..............................
2,744 2, 553
30
191 2,610
$3,000-$3,499..............................
61
27
3,186 3,050
136 2,657
31
3,740 3,485
$3,500-$3,999..............................
16
255 3, 379
38
19
4, 426 4,193
233 3,599
$4,000-$4,999.......................
45 !
15
8,600 8, 348
$5,000 and over____________
252 5.911 I
♦ Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.
See p. 254 for notes on this table.




Average
net bal
ancing
differ
ence
(9)

—$58
-110
(*)
-5 6
14
87
188
377
632
655
2, 648

—$19
-4
-1 7
-9
-5
-1 9
-2 2
-8
-4 8
-3 2
44

-184
-136
-9 7
-5 6
-113
13
-21
93
311
306
515
803
507
1,981

-1 8
-1 5
-1 8
-1 3
(*)
-1 6
-3
-1 6
3
-1 3
22
-6
34
60

—222
-259
-130
-102
-96
82
20
119
133
259
206
678
684
1, 343

-6
-21
-1 7
-3 2
-2 3
-7
-1 4
-2
-2 7
-3 2
-1 8
-6 8
21
52

-533
-205
-202
-219
-9 3
8
-58
-6
83
-2 2
411
123
623
2,478

-2 4
-1 0
-2 4
-2 6
-1 9
-1 3
-14
-1 2
-2 6
-35
-18
-17
-29
-41

222

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
ROCKY M O UN TAIN , 2 M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES

1-A.—Net surplus or deficit: Percentage of fam ilies having a surplus or
deficit, and average amounts reported, by occupation, fa m ily type, and income , in .1
year, 1985-86 1

T able

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native bom]
Percentage of fami Average amount for
lies having *— families having 8—
Average
net
surrvliio
nr
Ui
Report- piUd
ex- deficit
Surplus Deficit Surplus Deficit
Eligible ing
(
)
penditures
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)

Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class
(1)

A ll families
49
16 -$261
100
$250-$499........................................
20
233
37
-191
$500-$749........................................
73
66
26
429
72
$750-$999.......................................
-137
775
-115
40
127
$1,000-$1,249...................................
57
136
866
49
50
$1,250-$1,499...................................
-101
819
39
69
$1,500-$1,749...................................
133
31
786
151
51
-1 7
47
$1,750-$1,999...................................
519
148
68
66
32
$2,000-$2,249_.................................
415
69
120
30
$2,250-$2,499...................................
170
155
76
73
$2,500-$2,999...................................
139
27
135
58
82
$3,000-$3,499...................................
386
18
79
90
$3,500-13,999..................................
47
495
10
79
90
37
608
$4,000-$4,999— .............................
10
35
101
$5,000 and over____ ____ _____
93
2,076
7
Occupational group: Wage
earner
49
16
-261
$250-$499.........................................
100
196
25
21
-204
76
$500-$749....................................
356
26
43
-144
$750-$999_ ......................................
71
41
502
48
-121
58
$1,000-$1,249...... ............................
591
51
49
51
$1,250-$1,499........ ..........................
-103
41
449
70
$1,500-$1,749........ ..........................
49
30
394
49
51
$1,750-$1,999...................................
47
-6
239
40
68
32
$2,000-$2,249_................................
89
28
$2,250-$2,499...................................
163
178
63
37
Clerical
12
-119
18
$500-$749_______ ______ ______
37
57
$750-$999 ...... ................................
73
23
27
-109
73
41
152
40
$1,000-$1,249.................................
-8 9
55
144
44
31
$1,250-$1,499..................................
-156
56
230
36
28
67
$1,500-$1,749..................................
33
223
39
61
$1,750-$1,999__...............................
95
36
41
143
$2,000-$2,249...................................
78
73
27
124
$2,250-$2,499.______ __________
208
73
37
27
Independent business and
professional
98
24
$1,000-$1,249..................................
-139
35
62
$1,250-$1,499_............................... 29
64
77
24
34
$1,500-$1,749................................. .
60
30
62
70
27
$1,750-Sl,999.............................
70
27
-378
27
71
59
33
14
$2,000-$2,249........................... .....
70
30
55
$2,250-$2,499...................................
22
172
76
21
62
42
$2,500-$2,999.............................
66
65
35
45
$3,000-$3,499_.............................
20
79
21
403
32
18
294
$3,500-$3,999-..........................—
79
21
$4,000-$4,999...................................
33
16
543
89
11
19
$5,000 and over____ __________
59
88
1, 669
12
Salaried business and profes
sional
$1,000-$1,249_.................................
14
23
-5 8
53
47
$1,250-$1,499_.................................
54
25
-110
45
55
$1,500-$1,749_.................................
80
26
64
36
(*)
$1,750-$1,999__..............................
99
36
-5 6
58
40
$2,000-$2,249______ ____ ______
78
34
14
59
41
See p. 254 for notes on this table.
•Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




$54
60
94
119
159
239
279
363
392
554
684
742
2,274

$261
276
214
267
318
224
281
388
268
542
385
1,155
548
425

52
57
80
111
152
242
310
379

261
284
224
267
312
189
237
369
169

45
79
100
112
156
230
245
375

222
177
235
362
234
124
375
245

155
187
179
165
264
374
424
590
710
667
1,968

310
281
240
596
561
544
595
286
1, 311
434
424

103
99
185
268
267

242
284
332
530
347

223

TABULAR SUMMARY
ROCKY M O UNTAIN, 2 M ID DLE-SIZED CITIES

T

1—A.— Net surplus or deficit: Percentage of fam ilies having a surplus or
deficit , and average amounts reported, by occupation , fam ily type, and income, in 1
year , 1985-86 —Continued

able

Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Eligible

(1)
Salaried business and professional— C ontinued
$2,250-$2,499.......... ...................... $2,500-$2,999_.................................
$3,000-$3,499........................... .......
$3,500-13,999................................$4,000-$4,999___........ ...................
$5,000 and over_______________
Family type: Type 1
$250-$499__________ __________
$500-$749.................— ..................
$750-$999........................................
$1,000-$1,249_________________
$1,250-81,499_________________
$1,500-$1,749........................-.........
$1,750-SI,999......................-...........
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499_________________
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999 .................................
$5,000 and over.............................
Types II and III
$250-$499 .....................................
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999_________ ____ ______
$1,000-$1,249_.................................
$1,250-$1,499__...............................
$1,500-$1,749________ ________
$1,750-$1,999_________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999_________________
$3,000-$3,499________ ________
$3,500-$3,999__...............................
$4,000-$4,999_____ ____________
$5,000 and o v e r ______________
Types I V and V
$250-$499 ....................................
$500-$749....................................... .
$750-$999__.....................................
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499..................................
$1,500-$1,749_____ _____ _____ _
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249__.......... ....................
$2,250-$2,499___ ______ _______
$2,500-$2,999_.................................
$3,000-$3.499.................................$3,500-$3,999_........ .......................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000and over_,_........................
See p. 254 for notes on this table.




(2)

Reporting ex
pend!tures
(3)

Percentage of fami Average amount for
families having—
lies having—
Average
net surdeficit
Surplus Deficit Surplus Deficit
(-)
(4)

(5)

(6)

73
93
90
47
46
42

33
34
38
29
21
16

87
188
377
632
655
2, 648

68
78
84
97
90
100

23
115
149
283
287
267
239
162
134
37
38
22
21
36

4
11
17
30
28
32
35
29
24
19
12
10
7
9

—184
-136
-9 7
-5 6
-113
13
-21
93
311
306
515
803
507
1,981

31
22
52
62
64
53
62
74
82
75
100
100
90

17
86
167
297
327
325
304
172114
46
36
26
20
20

8
18
25
55
60
58
63
62
44
27
19
21
11
11

—222
-259
-130
-102
-9 6
82
20
119
133
259
206
678
684
1, 343

10
32
40
42
75
55
72
62
85
84
96
88
100

9
32
113
195
252
227
243
185
167
72
61
31
38
45

4
8
24
42
48
43
53
57
52
30
27
16
19
15

-533
-205
-202
-219
-9 3
8
-5 8
-6
83
-2 2
411
123
623
2,478

12
25
24
44
64
43
70
69
60
85
77
85
92

(7)

26
22
16
3
10
100
61
78
46
38
35
47
38
23
18
25
10
100
82
63
59
57
25
40
28
37
15
16
4
12
100
88
75
72
56
36
57
30
31
40
15
23
15
8

$300
376
537
670
793
2,648
52
77
90
147
175
251
353
499
426
785
803
507
2, 300
71
51
107
106
157
252
284
313
349
387
729
822
1, 343
8
65
77
95
140
200
217
278
410
523
529
850
2, 702

(8)

$449
486
451
485
646
184
248
146
225
534
281
333
322
259
254
296
824
222
323
231
246
248
145
298
308
163
262
744
605
359
533
234
289
331
243
230
252
525
359
678
247
1,235
623
24

Summary of family expenditure:

Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services , by occupation, fam ily
type , and income , in 1 year , 1985-36 1

224

BOCKT M OUNTAIN, 2 M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES

T a b l e 2 .—

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class
(1)
A ll families
$250-$499__..................
$500-$749.....................
$750-$999........ .............
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499._............
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-12,499_______
$2,500-$2,999........... .
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-$4,999_______
$5,000 and over_____

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)

(3)

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family
(4)

(5)

Household
operation

Food

(6)

Con
Fur
nish
Other Per Med
For tribu
tions Other
Hous Fuel,
ings Cloth Auto
trans
Recre
To
Read
mal
mo porta sonal ical ation * bacco ing educa and items
ing* light,
and ing bile
per
3 tion care care
tion sonal
and Other equip
ment
refrig
taxes 5
eration
(7)
(10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21)
(9)
(8)
Average money expenditure in dollars

49
233
429
775
866
819
786
519
415
155
135
79
79
101

16
37
66
127
136
133
151
148
120
76
58
47
37
35

2.8
2.8
3.2
3.1
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.3
3.4
3.4

666
833
970
1,231
1,422
1,529
1,808
1,957
2,101
2,471
2, 655
3,078
3,532
5,171

283
315
384
417
490
486
565
562
625
652
667
704
787
1,041

111
141
123
172
169
201
215
218
229
310
322
364
372
491

65
62
86
94
105
108
131
132
145
142
166
160
187
230

31
34
36
41
53
59
81
80
93
142
178
183
2)6
421

<R250-$49fl




54
73
85
118
142
150
199
214
216
317
318
339
508
597

13
62
60
133
147
171
185
256
244
288
235
393
416
474

1
3
5
7
8
10
12
15
14
19
19
36
28
51

15
23
24
32
35
39
44
49
50
60
70
77
80
117

42
38
64
67
93
85
92
112
111
103
139
107
231
194

13
20
22
30
40
50
60
78
81
111
102
161
191
377

11
18
18
27
28
31
33
37
37
34
53
44
72
82

8
7
10
12
15
14
18
19
20
28
25
32
34
58

1
1
6
4
7
8
13
17
18
43
41
63
43
129

7
14
16
28
34
45
66
80
89
127
189
217
251
775

1
6
4
4
4
10
4
17
9
5
7
23
8
15

2.0
2.4
2.3
2.4
2.8

1.6
2.2
1.8
2.2
2.0

1.2
.8
1.0
1.0
1.0

0.2
.1
.6
.3
.5

1.0
1.7
1.6
2.1
2.4

0.2
.7
.4
.3
.3

Percentage of total money expenditures

A ll families
$500-$749.....................
$750-$999....................
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499...............

10
16
24
47
52
62
90
71
90
90
124
145
138
119

49
233
429
775
866

16
37
66
127
136

2.8
2.8
3.2
3.1
3.3

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

42.5
37.8
39.6
33.9
34.4

16.7
16.9
13.0
14.0
11.9

9.8
7.4
8.9
7.7
7.4

4.6
4.1
3.7
3.3
3.7

1. 5
1.9
2.5
3.8
3.6

8.1
8.8
8.8
9.6
10.0

L9
7.4
6.2
10.8
10.4

0.2
.4
.5
.6
.6

2. 2
2.8
2.5
2.6
2.5

6.3
4.6
6.6
5.4
6.5

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Number of
families

$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499_______
$2,500-$2,999...............
$3,000-$3,499_..............
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-14,999-..............
$5,000 and over-------.

Wage earner
$250-$499_....................
$5t)0-$749......................
$750-1999,....................
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749__............
$1,750-$1,999_..............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499...............

133
151
148
120
76
58
47
37
35

3.2
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.3
3.4
3.4

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
loao
100.0
100.0

31.8
31.2
28.7
29.7
26.4
25.1
22.9
22.1
20.1

13.1
11.9
11.1
10.9
12.5
12.1
11.8
10.4
9.5

7.1
7.2
6.7
6.9
5.8
6.3
5.2
5.2
4.4

3.8
4.5
4.1
4.4
5.8
6.7
5.9
7.4
8.1

4.1
5.0
3.6
4.3
3.7
4.7
4.7
3.9
2.3

9.8
11.0
10.9
11.7
12.8
12.0
12.0
14.2
11.5

11.2
10.3
13.1
11.6
11.6
8.8
12.8
11.6
9.2

.7
.7
.8
.7
.8
.7
1.2
.8
1.0

2.5
2.4
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.5
2.2
2.3

5.6
5.1
5.7
5.3
4.2
5.2
3.5
5.6
3.8

3.3
3.3
4.0
3.9
4.5
3.9
5.2
5.3
7.3

2.0
1.8
1.9
1.8
1.4
2.0
1.4
2.0
1.6

.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.1
.9
1.0
.9
1.1

.5
.7
.9
.8
1.7
1.6
2.0
1.2
2.5

2.9
3.7
4.1
4.2
5.1
7.1
7.1
7.0
15.0

.7
.2
.9
.4
.2
.3
.8
.2
.3

13
22
20
27
38
43
55
73
87

11
19
18
30
29
32
37
37
37

8
7
10
12
15
14
16
20
17

1
1
6
3
7
12
13
14
12

7
14
14
27
35
42
76
81
75

1
7
4
2
4
14
5
20
2

2.0
2.6
2.1
2.2
2.6
2.8
3.1
3.8
4.1

1.6
2.2
1.9
2.4
2.0
2.1
2.1
1.9
1.7

1.2
.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
.9
.9
1.0
.8

0.2
.1
.6
.2
.5
.8
.7
.7
.6

1.0
1.7
1.4
2.2
2.4
2.8
4.3
4.2
3.6

0.2
.8
.4
.2
.3
.9
.3
1.0
.1

Average money expenditure in dollars
49
196
356
502
591
449
394
239
163

16
25
43
48
51
41
49
40
28

2.8
2.8
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.4
3.4
3.4

666
846
972
1, 238
1,437
1,527
1,775
1,941
2,112

283
317
394
429
498
503
580
561
652

111
136
119
161
167
176
173
189
187

65
62
86
97
102
111
132
128
145

31
35
35
38
50
55
84
68
79

10
17
19
45
53
72
100
80
97

54
74
86
117
141
135
186
206
238

13
69
62
143
153
187
173
290
311

1
4
4
6
9
8
9
19
10

15
23
25
32
34
38
42
51
52

42
39
70
69
102
85
89
104
111

Percentage of total money expenditures
49
196
356
502
591
449
394
239
163

16
25
43
48
51
41
49
40
28

2.8
2.8
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.4
3.4
3.4

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

42.5
37.5
40.6
34.7
34.7
32.9
32.7
28.9
30.9

16.7
16.1
12.3
13.0
11.7
11.5
10.0
9.7
8.8

9.8
7.3
8.8
7.8
7.1
7.3
7.4
6.6
6.9

4.6
4.1
3.6
3.1
3.5
3.6
4.7
3.5
3.7

1.5
2.0
2.0
3.6
3.7
4.7
5.6
4.1
4.6

8.1
8.8
8.8
9.4
9.8
8.9
10.5
10.7
11.3

1.9
8.2
6.3
11.5
10.6
12.2
9.8
14.9
14.7

0.2
.5
.4
.5
.6
.5
.5
1.0
.5

2.2
2.7
2.6
2.6
2.4
2.5
2.4
2.6
2.5

6.3
4.6
7.2
5.6
7.1
5.6
5.0
5.4
5.2

TABULAR SUMMARY

Occupational group:
Wage earner
$250-$499......................
$500-$749— ................
$750-$999...... ...............
$1,000-11,249— ..........
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$l,749...............
$1,750-$1,999_______
$2,000-$2,249............. .
$2,250-$2,499...............

819
786
519
415
155
135
79
79
101

See p. 254 for notes on this table.

225




T

able

2 .—

Summary of family expenditure:

Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services, by occupation, fam ily
type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-86 — Continued

Number of
families

(1)
Clerical
$500-$749_...................
$750-$999_...............
$1,000-$1J249
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...........
$2,000-$2,249_.............
$2,250-$2,499...........
Clerical
$500-$749_...................
$750-$999_.................
$1,000-$1,249_______
$1,250-$1,499........... .
$1,500-$1,749............. .
$1,75ft-$1,999
$2,ftn0-$2,249
.$2,25ft-$2,499




Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Household
operation

Food

(6)

Con
Fur
nish
Other Per Med
For tribu
tions Other
mal
Rec
To
trans
Read
ings Cloth- Auto
Hous Fuel,
sonal ical reation bacco ing educa and items
ing light,
and ing mo
per
bile porta
tion sonal
tion care care
and Other equip
ment
refrig
taxes
eration
(8)
(10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21)
(7)
(9)
Average money expenditure in dollars

37
73
152
144
230
223
143
124

12
23
41
31
36
39
41
37

2.5
3.1
3.1
3.3
3.1
3.3
3.4
3.3

769
963
1,235
1,477
1, 535
1,729
1,978
2,017

304
334
408
477
473
529
586
637

169
161
203
171
242
251
236
210

59
86
92
116
99
122
134
137

27
42
44
53
58
64
80
87

8
48
55
67
46
80
69
95

70
81
128
153
173
212
214
243

29
54
91
162
149
170
195
189

2
7
10
7
14
14
15
22

21
25
32
40
41
41
47
45

31
34
66
89
75
82
120
96

10
32
41
51
69
65
88
79

13
21
24
32
32
29
40
28

8
10
12
16
14
18
18
22

4
6
4
6
3
6
23
16

11
20
21
29
42
43
89
105

3
2
4
8
5
3
24
6

1.3
3.3
3.3
3.4
4.5
3.8
4. 5
3.9

1.7
2.2
1.9
2.2
2.1
1.7
2 .0
1.4

1.0
1.0
1.0
1.1
.9
1.0
.9
1.1

0.5
.6
.3
.4
.2
.3
1.2
.8

1.4
2.1
1.7
2.0
2.7
2.5
4.5
5.2

0.4
.2
.3
.5
.3

Percentage of total money expenditures
37
73
152
144
230
223
143
124

12
23
41
31
36
39
41
37

2.5
3.1
3.1
3.3
3.1
3.3
3.4
3.3

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

39.6
34.8
33.1
32.3
30.8
30.6
29.6
31.6

22.0
16.7
16.5
11.6
15.8
14.5
11.9
10.4

7.7
8.9
7.4
7.8
6.4
7.1
6.8
6.8

3.5
4.4
3.6
3.6
3.8
3.7
4.0
4.3

1.0
5.0
4.5
4.5
3.0
4.6
3.5
4.7

9.1
8.4
10.4
10.4
11.3
12.3
10.8
12.0

3.8
5.6
7.3
11.0
9.7
9.8
9.8
9.4

0.3
'.8
.5
.9
.8
.8
1.1

2.7
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.4
2.4

2 .2

4.0
3.5
5.3
6.0
4.9
4.7
6.1
4.8

.2

1.2
.3

WEST CENTRAL—EOCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family

226

ROCKY M OUNTAIN, 2 M ID DLE-SIZED CITIES

Independent business
and professional
$1,000-$1,249................
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999...............
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000 and over_____

98
77
60
70
59
55
62
45
32
33
59

24
29
30
27
33
22
42
20
18
16
19

3.0
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.1
3.1
3.7
3.3
3.1
3.2
3.2

1,198
1,219
1,447
2,109
1,939
2,116
2,533
2,612
3,151
3,573
5,017

384
470
455
664
566
559
701
678
716
794
1,042

180
149
196
223
245
321
287
331
308
409
510

84
109
124
151
136
167
162
180
163
177
217

51
73
77
114
113
107
153
184
191
303
376

41
20
50
57
43
79
80
98
144
131
119

101
133
155
204
217
237
312
303
384
471
639

151
72
124
301
216
223
315
216
402
367
58S

3
6
9
32
10
4
15
16
40
24
60

29
34
39
56
47
54
63
67
65
74
118

59
41
64
104
117
137
108
122
135
177
212

25
32
46
64
76
71
103
94
123
211
362

20
20
34
42
30
39
34
57
32
103
67

13
14
15
20
16
16
28
27
23
30
63

8
12
4
15
25
28
27
29
92
47
136

31
31
53
59
78
71
138
176
237
252
496

9
3
2
3
4
3
7
4
46
3
12

2.1
2.6
3.2
3.0
3.9
3.4
4.1
3.6
3.9
5.9
7.6

1.7
1.6
2.3
2.0
1.5
1.8
1.3
2.2
1.0
2.9
1.2

1.1
1.1
1.0
.9
.8
.8
1.1
1.0
.7
.8
1.3

0.7
1.0
.3
.7
1.3
1.3
1.1
1.1
2.9
1.2
2.3

2.6
2.5
3.7
2.8
4.0
3.4
5.4
6.7
9.1
7.0
9.9

0.8
.2
.1
.1
.2
.1
.3
.2
1.4
.1
.2

Percentage of total money expenditures
98
77
60
70
59
55
62
45
32
33
59

24
29
30
27
33
22
42
20
18
16
19

3.0
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.1
3.1
3.7
3.3
3.1
3.2
3.2

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

31.9
38.7
31.5
31.6
29.2
26.4
27.7
25.9
22.7
22.2
20.8

15.0
12.2
13.6
10.6
12.7
15.2
11.3
12.7
9.8
11.4
10.2

7.0
9.0
8.6
7.1
7.0
7.9
6.4
6.9
5.2
5.0
4.3

4.5
6.0
5.3
5.4
5.8
5.0
6.0
7.0
6.1
8.5
7.5

3.7
1.6
3.5
2.7
2.2
3.7
3.2
3.8
4.6
3.7
2.4

8.7
10.9
10.7
9.7
11.2
11.2
12.3
11.6
12.2
13.2
12.8

12.7
5.9
8.5
14.3
11.2
10.5
12.4
9.4
12.7
10.3
11.7

0.2
.5
.6
1.5
.5
.2
.6
.6
1.3
.7
1.2

2.4
2.8
2.7
2.7
2.4
2.6
2.5
2.6
2.1
2.1
2.4

4.9
3.4
4.4
4.9
6.1
6.5
4.3
4.7
4.3
5.0
4.2

TABULAR SUMMARY

Independent business
and professional
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499................
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999...............
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-$4,999................
$5,000 and over--------

Average money expenditure in dollars

See p. 254 for notes on this table.




to

to

of family

Number of
families

(1)
Salaried business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249_______
$1,250-$1,499_______
$1,50Q-$1,749_______
$1,750-$1,999_______
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999_______
$3,000-$3,499_______
$3,500-$3,999_______
$4,000-$4,999...............
$5,000 and over..........
Salaried business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-11,499_______
$1,500-$1,749_______
$1,750-$1,999_______
$2,000-$2,249_______
$2,250-82,499_______
$2,500-82,999______
$3,000-83,499________
$3,500-83,999_______
$4,000-84,999_______
$5,000 and over..........




Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)

(3)

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family
(4)

(5)

Household
operation

FurOther
nishings Cloth Auto
Hous
mo trans
Food ing Fuel,
and ing bile
porta
light,
tion
and Other equip
ment
refrig
eration
(10) CD (12) (13)
(9)
(6)
(7)
(8)

Per Med Rec To Read For
mal
sonal ical reation
bacco ing educa
care care
tion
(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

Average money expenditure in dollars
23
54
80
99
78
73
93
90
47
46
42
23
54
80
99
78
73
93
90
47
46
42

14
25
26
36
34
33
34
38
29
16

21
14
25
26
36
34
33
34
38
29
16

21

2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.6
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.6

1,194
1,410
1,582
1,899
1,983
2,203
2,429
2,676
3,028
3,591
5,388

100.00
100.
100.0
100.00
100.
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.
100.000
100.

374
466
453
520
522
593
620
663
696
783
1,041

190
212
232
273
256
287
326
318
402
346
466

52
58
73
89
90
124
134
175
178
240
483

92
107
108
135
135
141
129
159
157
195
248

62
53
62
69
78
97
136
146
143
118

100

132
129
170
215
237
275
320
325
358
535
538

97
150
167
181
295
206
269
228
388
451
314

6
8
22
20
13
7
9
18
32
32
39

36
36
40
48
49
49
57
71
84
84
116

44
67
124
116

121
100

113
147
89
219
167

Percentage of total money expenditures

31.3
33.0
28.7
27.4
26.3
26.9
25.6
24.8
23.0
21.9
19.3

15.9
15.0
14.7
14.4
12.9
13.0
13.4
11.9
13.3
9.6

8.6

7.7

7.6
6.8
7.1
6.8
6.4
5.3
5.9
5.2
5.4
4.6

1

4.4
4.1
4.6
4.7
4.5
5.6
5.5
6.5
5.9
6.7
9.0

1

45
38
39
61
73
80
117
107
187
176
398

3.7 3.8
8.1 1..41 2.6
3.0
11.0
9.1 10.7
4.7
2.7
10.8
10.5
.4
2.5
7.8 2.5
.4
11.3 9.5
2.5 6.1 3.2
6.1 3.7
12.0 14.9 .4 2.5
.8
2.2
12.5 9.4
5.1
3.6
.9
4.8
13.2 11.1
2.3 4.1
.7
8.5
12.2
2.7
5.5 4.0
12.9
2.9
6.2
1.0.9 2.8
11.8
14.9 12.6
4.9
6.1
2.3
2.2 1 10.0 5.8 .7 2.2 3.1 7.4

5.2
3.8
3.9
5.3
3.5
3.6
4.0
5.1
4.8
4.0

25

18
22
25

34
48
33
51
53
48

102

(18)

27
8
20 278
1114
15
17

23
28
24
37
36
50

2.1 0.9
1.0.9
1.0.9
2.2
1.2.9
1.4 1.1
1.9
1.2
1.8
1.3
1.0
1.9
.9
1.3
1.4
1.3
1.7

(19)

26
54
47
44
40

121
0.2.5
.5
1.4
.4

1.2
2.2
1.8
1.4
1.1
2. 2

Con
tribu
tions Other
and
per items
sonal
taxes
(20)
17
46
58
81
61
104
196
170
251
1,167

120

1.4
3.3
3.7
4.3
3.1
4.7
4.9
7.3
5.6
7.0
21.7

(21
2

3
4
3
4
38
3
9
7

2012
0.2.2
.3
.2
2
1.7
.1
.3
.2
.4

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class

expenditure: Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services, by occupation, family
type, and income, in 1 year, 1985—86 — Continued

228

R O C K Y M OU N TAIN , 2 M ID D L E-SIZED CITIES

T able 2.— Summary

Average money expenditure in dollars

Family type; Type I
23
115
149
283
287
267
239
162
134
37
38
22
21
36

4
11
17
30
28
32
35
29
24
19
12
10
7
9

2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0

582
769
883
1,141
1,372
1,550
1,791
1,918
1,928
2,356
2,604
2,706
3,578
4,244

250
300
337
336
432
409
548
461
560
556
512
566
672
860

86
126
124
156
177
215
219
218
261
396
407
313
394
397

69
55
85
76
104
87
122
127
141
134
139
140
144
151

24
41
36
35
57
56
73
89
91
175
173
161
336
315

41
55
60
100
109
146
166
176
188
275
276
312
350
457

4
63
69
175
190
247
232
332
241
273
179
355
576
637

1
2
1
7
5
14
14
16
11
13
17
56
18
61

10
23
20
32
28
37
41
44
50
53
59
77
57
74

50
27
58
59
104
84
62
112
64
95
144
103
234
119

14
21
19
24
32
50
61
77
68
95
96
176
220
238

6
21
12
34
29
28
42
43
39
43
42
46
108
73

10
6
9
12
15
15
17
20
17
29
25
35
34
43

2.4
2.7
2.2
2.1
2.3
3.2
3.4
4.0
3.5
4.0
3.7
6.5
6.1
5.6

1.0
2.7
1.4
3.0
2.1
1.8
2.3
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.7
3.0
1.7

1.7
.8
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.0
.9
1.0
.9
1.2
1.0
1.3
1.0
1.0

3
3
4
7
1
42

10
11
17
34
43
60
78
120
100
121
319
246
347
690

2
1
7
3
3
4
4
5
22
3
5
2
4
27

1.7
1.4
1.9
3.0
3.1
3.9
4.4
6.3
5.2
5.1
12.3
9.1
9.7
16.3

0.3
.1
.8
.3
.2
.3
.2
.3
1.1
.1
.2
.1
.1
.6

Percentage of total money expenditures

Type 1
$250-$499..........
$500-$749........ .
$750-$999........ .
$1,000-$1,249~.
$1,250-$1,499__
$1,500-$1,749_.
$1,750-$1,999_.
$2,000-$2,249„.
$2,250-$2,499__.
$2,500-$2,999—
$3,000-$3,499__
$3,500-$3,999—
$4,000-$4,999—
$5,000 and over.

5
17
26
55
44
94
112
71
74
53
211
118
84
102

23
115
149
283
287
267
239
162
134
37
38
22
21
36

4
11
17
30
28
32
35
29
24
19
12
10
7
9

2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

43.0
39.0
38.2
29.4
31.5
26.4
30.5
24.1
29.1
23.7
19.7
20.9
18.8
20.3

14.8
16.4
14.0
13.6
12.9
13.9
12.2
11.4
13.5
16.9
15.6
11.6
11.0
9.4

11.9
7.2
9.6
6.7
7.6
5.6
6.8
6.6
7.3
5.7
5.3
5.2
4.0
3.6

4.1
5.3
4.1
3.1
4.2
3.6
4.1
4.6
4.7
7.4
6.6
5.9
9.4
7.4

0.9
2.2
2.9
4.8
3.2
6.1
6.3
3.7
3.8
2.2
8.1
4.4
2.3
2.4

7.0
7.2
6.8
8.8
8.0
9.4
9.3
9.2
9.8
11.7
10.6
11.5
9.8
10.8

0.7
8.2
7.8
15.3
13.8
15.9
13.0
17.3
12.5
11.6
6.8
13.1
16.2
15.0

0.2
.3
.1
.6
.4
.9
.8
.8
.6
.6
.7
2.1
.5
1.4

1.7
3.0
2.3
2.8
2.0
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.6
2.2
2.3
2.8
1.6
1.7

8.6
3.5
6.6
5.2
7.6
5.4
3.5
5.8
3.3
4.0
5.5
3.8
6.5
2.8

0.3
.3
.2
.1
1.8

TABULAR SUMMARY

$250-$499......................
$500-$749......................
$750-$999......................
$1,000-$1,249................
$1,250-$1,499................
$1,500-$1,749................
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249................
$2,250-$2,499................
$2,500-$2,999................
$3,000-$3,499__
$3,500-$3,999—
$4,000-$4,999—
$5,000 and over.

See p. 254 for notes on this table.

229




(1)
Types II and III
$250-$499_____ _____
$500-$749......................
$750-$999._................
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999...............
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999...............
$4,000-$4,999_..............
$5,000 and over..........
Types II and III
$250-$499......................
$500-$749.....................
$750-$999......................
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749................
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249_______
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999...............




typey and income , in 1 year , 1935-36 — Continued

Number of
families
Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(2)
(3)
17
86
167
297
327
325
304
172
114
46
36
26
20
20

8
18
25
55
60
58
63
62
44
27
19
21
11
11

Aver
age
num
ber of Total
persons
per
family
(4)
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5

(5)
643
931
975
1,266
1,436
1,496
1,804
1,926
2,163
2,345
2,704
3, 033
3, 560
5,173

Household
operation

Con
Fur
nish
For tribu
Other Per Med
tions
Auto
ings Cloth mo trans sonal ical Recre To Read mal and Other
Fuel,
Food Hous
ing light,
and ing bile porta care care ation bacco ing educa per items
equip
tion
tion sonal
and Other ment
taxes
refrig
eration
(7)
(9) (10) (ID (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21)
(6)
(8)
Average money expenditure in dollars
260
326
383
438
485
528
510
564
582
612
694
690
734
1,088

129
165
119
198
172
204
222
229
245
284
252
441
346
506

47
69
80
99
96
113
131
124
142
144
167
172
197
254

32
26
29
42
48
58
93
80
103
138
238
212
238
536

18
17
22
49
71
47
88
77
101
112
153
168
178
91

51
95
92
133
145
148
217
214
258
271
334
383
557
688

25
78
67
106
145
129
163
246
271
280
302
371
453
421

1
6
8
5
7
6
10
10
10
18
8
30
14
33

19
23
25
31
39
37
46
50
50
52
74
83
85
123

17
54
66
57
88
78
111
114
149
98
139
66
182
258

13
13
29
40
52
51
65
84
92
114
97
140
180
464

16
15
21
26
31
34
34
30
39
29
51
44
43
97

6
8
10
12
16
14
18
22
24
30
28
26
53
85

4
3
4
4
5
7
7
10
14
19
29
21
16
64

4
20
17
22
28
40
56
57
79
139
131
167
279
454

1
13
3
4
8
2
3
15
4
5
7
7
5
13

2.0
1.4
3.0
3.2
3.6
3.4
3.6
4.4
4.3
4.9

2.5
1.6
2.2
2.1
2.2
2.3
1.9
1.6
1.8
1.2

0.9
.9
1.0
.9
1.1
.9
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.3

0.6
.3
.4
.3
.3
.5
.4
.5
.6
.8

0.6
2.1
1.7
1.7
2.0
2.7
3.1
3.0
3.6
5.9

0.2
1.4
.3
.3
.6
.1
.2
.8
.2
.2

Percentage of total money expenditures
17
86
167
297
327
325
304
172
114
46

8
18
25
55
60
58
63
62
44
27

3.4
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.4

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

40.4
35.1
39.3
34.7
33.8
35.3
29.9
29.3
26.9
26.1

20.1
17.8
12.2
15.6
12.0
13.6
12.3
11.9
11.3
12.1

7.3
7.4
8.2
7.8
6.7
7.6
7.3
6.4
6.6
6.1

5.0
2.8
3.0
3.3
3.3
3.9
5.2
4.2
4.6
5.9

2.8
1.8
2.3
3.9
4.9
3.1
4.9
4.0
4.8
4.8

7.9
10.2
9.4
10.5
10.1
9.9
12.0
11.1
11.9
11.6

3.9
8.3
6.8
8.4
10.1
8.6
9.0
12.7
12.6
11.9

0.2
.6
.8
.4
.5
.4
.6
.5
.5
.8

3.0
2.5
2.6
2.4
2.7
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.3
2.2

2.6
5.8
6.8
4.5
6.1
5.2
6.1
5.9
6.9
4.2

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Occupational group,
family type, and
income class

ROCKY MOUNTAIN, 2 M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES

of fam ily expenditure: Average money expenditure for specified groups of goods and services , by occupation , fam ily

230

T a b l e 2 . — Sum m ary

$3,000-$3,499................
$3,500-$3,999................
$4,000-$4,999________
$5,000 and over..........

125019°—40-

Types IV and V
$250-$499.....................
$500-$749_._................
$750-$999.- ..................
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749................
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499...............
$2,500-$2,999_..............
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999...............
<$4,000-$4,999_..............
$5,000 and over_____

19
21
11
11

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

25.7
23.0
20.7
21.0

9.3
14.5
9.7
9.8

6.2
5.7
5.5
4.9

8.8
7.0
6.7
10.4

5.7
5.5
5.0
1.8

12.4
12.6
15.7
13.3

11.1
12.3
12.7
8.1

.3
1.0
.4
.6

2.7
2.7
2.4
2.4

5.1
2.2
5.1
5.0

3.6
4.6
5.1
9.0

1.9
1.5
1.2
1.9

1.0
.9
1.5
1.6

1.1
.8
.4
1.2

4.8
5.5
7.8
8.8

.3
.2
.1
.2

8
36
17
25
34
50
52
72
85
117
110
168
181
449

13
13
21
19
21
32
23
38
34
32
62
43
65
82

8
8
12
13
15
14
17
16
19
26
24
34
24
57

1
1
15
5
18
15
33
32
33
59
73
141
81
262

7
7
10
20
32
33
65
66
86
122
142
238
184
986

9
5
3
1
27
6
29
3
5
9
52
12
7

0.9
4.5
1.6
1.9
2.3
3.2
2.8
3.6
3.9
4.5
4.1
5.0
5.0
7.6

1.4
1.6
1.9
1.5
1.4
2.1
1.3
1.9
1.6
1.2
2.3
1.3
1.8
1.4

0.9
1.0
1.1
1.0
1.0
.9
.9
.8
.9
1.0
.9
1.0
.7
1.0

0.1
.1
1.4
.4
1.2
1.0
1.8
1.6
1.5
2.3
2.7
4.2
2.3
4.4

0.8
.9
.9
1.5
2.2
2.1
3.6
3.3
3.9
4.7
5.3
7.0
5.1
16.7

1.1
.5
.2
.1
1.7
.3
1.4
.1
.2
.3
1.5
.3
.1

Average money expenditure in dollars
9
32
113
195
252
227
243
185
167
72
61
31
33
45

4
8
24
42
48
43
53
57
52
30
27
16
19
15

4.0
3.9
4.3
4.3
4.6
4.1
4.5
4.3
4.3
4.2
4.3
3.9
4.1
4.4

923
802
1,080
1,309
1,461
1,552
1,828
2.020
2,196
2,610
2.657
3, 379
3,599
5,911

410
341
447
503
562
517
614
649
708
728
748
806
879
1,166

138
130
138
157
156
181
201
209
192
282
311
334
374
560

89
67
97
113
118
127
141
142
149
146
182
162
205
282

48
30
45
50
55
64
75
72
90
128
145
175
243
454

4
5
25
33
38
48
72
66
94
95
52
145
147
144

94
82
110
122
174
158
209
247
284
368
333
397
570
669

12
17
38
113
101
137
166
198
230
300
230
441
307
367

1
3
4
9
13
10
13
19
20
23
26
26
42
52

18
19
30
32
38
44
43
53
49
68
75
72
90
150

72
34
66
92
85
95
98
112
122
111
135
145
194
224

Percentage of total money expenditures
9
32
113
195
252
227
243
185
167
72
61
31
38
45

4
8
24
42
48
43
53
57
52
30
27
16
19
15

See p. 254 for notes on this table.




3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5

4.0
3.9
4.3
4.3
4.6
4.1
4.5
4.3
4.3
4.2
4.3
3.9
4.1
4.4

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

44.4
42.6
41.3
38.5
38.5
33.3
33.6
32.1
32.2
27.9
28.2
23.8
24.4
19.7

14.9
16.2
12.8
12.1
10.7
11.7
11.0
10.3
8.7
10.8
11.7
9.9
10.4
9.5

9.6
8.4
9.0
8.6
8.1
8.2
7.7
7.0
6.8
5.6
6.8
4.8
5.7
4.8

5.2
3.7
4.2
3.8
3.8
4.1
4.1
3.6
4.1
4.9
5.5
5.2
6.8
7.7

0.4
.6
2.3
2.5
2.6
3.1
3.9
3.3
4.3
3.6
2.0
4.3
4.1
2.4

10.2
10.2
10.2
9.3
11.9
10.2
11.4
12.2
12.9
14.1
12.6
11.7
15.8
11.3

1.3
2.1
3.5
8.6
6.9
8.9
9.1
9.9
10.4
11.5
8.7
13.1
8.5
6.2

0.1
.4
.4
.7
.9
.6
.7
.9
.9
.9
1.0
.8
1.2
.9

2.0
2.4
2.8
2.4
2.6
2.8
2.4
2.6
2.2
2.6
2.8
2.1
2.5
2.5

7.8
4.2
6.1
7.0
5.8
6.1
5.4
5.5
5.6
4.2
5.1
4.3
5.4
3.8

TABULAR SUMMARY

Types IV and V
$250-$499_....................
$500-$749......................
$750-$999.....................
$1,000-$1,249...............
$1,250-$1,499...............
$1,500-$1,749...............
$1,750-$1,999...............
$2,000-$2,249...............
$2,250-$2,499________
$2,500-$2,999...............
$3,000-$3,499...............
$3,500-$3,999_..............
$4,000-$4,999_______
$5,000 and over..........

36
26
20
20

to

CO

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

232

R O C K Y M O U N T A IN ,

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

T a b l e 3.—Food: Average value of all fa m ily food, money expenditure for food at

home and away from home, average value of food home-produced or received as
gift or p a y, and m oney expense per meal per food expenditure unit, by occupation,
fam ily type , and income, %n 1 year, 1935-86
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]

of Average Average
Average expenditure Percentage
value of money
for food purchased expenditure
for food
food expendi
Average
Occupational
home- ture
per
group, family
value
pro
Report of all
duced permeal
type, and income
food
ex family
Away or re
class
At Away
Eligible ing
All home
from At from ceived expendi
pendi
food
ture
tures
hom e1 home home as gift unit
*
or pay
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(9)
GO)
(4)
(11)
0)
Number of fami
lies

A l l fa m ilie s

$25(M*499..................
$500-$749...................
$750-$999...................
$1,000-$1,249............
$1,250-$1,499............
$1,500-$1,749............
$1,750-$1,999............
$2,000-$2,249_..........
$2,250-$2,499............
$2,500-$2,999............
$3,000-$3,499............
$3,500-$3,999............
$4,000-$4,999__........
$5,000 and over___

$281
302
373
392
463
452
517
499
547
541
581
579
617
757

$2
13
11
25
27
34
48
63
78
111
86
125
170
284

99.3
95.9
97.1
94.0
94.5
93.0
91.5
88.8
87.5
83.0
87.2
82.2
78.4
72.7

0.7
4.1
2.9
6.0
5.5
7.0
8.5
11.2
12.5
17.0
12.8
17.8
21.6
27.3

$39
16
16
12
11
16
16
18
9
16
9
17
23
30

$0.096
.113
.122
.134
.152
.154
.178
.169
.183
.178
.183
.188
.217
.223

283
317
394
429
498
503
580
561
652

281
304
385
407
472
465
542
510
588

2
13
9
22
26
38
38
51
64

99.3
95.9
97.7
94.9
94.8
92.4
93.4
90.9
90.2

0.7
4.1
2.3
5.1
5.2
7.6
6.6
9.1
9.8

39
17
17
12
12
9
11
17
10

.096
.112
.124
.136
.153
.152
.183
.167
.183

304
334
408
477
473
529
586
637

291
318
379
449
448
478
502
544

13
16
29
28
25
51
84
93

95.7
95.2
92.9
94.1
94.7
90.4
85.7
85.4

4.3
4.8
7.1
5.9
5.3
9.6
14.3
14.6

14
12
16
12
25
29
21
9

.118
.112
.130
.152
.160
.164
.170
.191

388 384
476 470
462 455
673 664
569 566
561 559
712 701
685 678
734 716
820 794
1,064 1,042

345
440
418
568
480
507
613
598
553
634
751

39
30
37
96
86
52
88
80
163
160
291

89.6
93.6
91.9
85.5
84.8
90.9
87.4
88.3
77.2
79.9
72.0

10.4
6.4
8.1
14.5
15.2
9.1
12.6
11.7
22.8
20.1
28.0

4
6
7
9
3
2
11
7
18
26
22

.130
.144
.144
.213
.181
.163
.178
.187
.180
.215
.223

49
233
429
775
866
819
786
519
415
155
135
79
79
101

16
37
66
127
136
133
151
148
120
76
58
47
37
35

$322 $283
331 315
400 384
429 417
501 490
502 486
581 565
580 562
634 625
668 652
676 667
721 704
810 787
1,071 1,041

49
196
356
502
591
449
394
239
163

16
25
43
48
51
41
49
40
28

322
334
411
441
510
512
591
578
662

37
73
152
144
230
223
143
124

12
23
41
31
36
39
41
37

318
346
424
489
498
558
607
646

O cc u p a tio n a l
g ro u p : W age
ea rn er

$250-$499...................
$500-$749...................
$750-$999...................
$1,000-$1,249............
$1,250-$1,499............
$1,500-$1,749............
$1,750-$1,999............
$2,000-$2,249_..........
$2,250-$2,499_..........
C lerica l

$500-$749...................
$750-$999...................
$1,000-$1,249............
$1,250-$1,499............
$1,500-$1,749............
$1,750-$1.999_..........
$2,000-$2,249............
$2,250-$2,499............
In d e p e n d e n t b u si
n ess a n d p ro fe s
sio n a l

98
$1,000-$1,249............
77
$1,250-$1,499_..........
60
$1,500-$1,749_..........
70
$1,750-$1,999_..........
59
$2,000-$2,249............
55
$2,250-$2,499............
62
$2,500-$2,999............
45
$3,000-^,3499............
32
$3,500-$,3999............
33
$4,000-$4,999............
$5,000 and over___ 1
59
See p. 254 for notes on this table.




24
29
30
27
33
22
42
20
18
16
19

233

TABULAR SUMMARY
R O C K Y M O U N T A IN ,

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D C IT IE S

3.— Food: Average value of all fa m ily food , money expenditure for food at
home and aw ay from home , average value of food home-produced or received as
gift or p a y, and money expense per meal per food expenditure unity by occupation ,
fa m ily typef and incom ey in 1 yeart 19S5-86 — Continued

T able

of Average Average
Average expenditure Percentage
value of money
for food purchased expenditure
food
for food
home- expendi
Occupational
Average
pro ture per
group, family
value
Report of all
duced permeal
type, and income
food
or re
ex family
class
At Away
At Away
Eligible ing
from home
from ceived expendi
All home
pendi
food
ture
home as gift unit
tures
home
or pay
(10)
(8)
(5)
(6)
(4)
(3)
(7)
(9)
(2)
(ID
(1)
Number of fami
lies

Salaried business
and professional
23
$1,000-$1,249............
54
$1,250-$1,499............
80
$1,500-$1,749............
$1,750-$1,999............
99
$2,000-$2,249_..........
78
$2,250-$2,499.............
73
93
$2,500-$2,999............
90
$3,000-$3,499_ ..........
$3,500-$3,999............
47
$4,000-$4,999______
46
42
$5,000 and over___
Family type: Type 1
$250-$499..................
23
$500-$?49..................
115
$750-$999— ............
149
$1,000-$1,249............
283
$1,250-$l,499...........
287
$1,500-$1,749.......... .
267
$1,750-$1,999_..........
239
$2,000-$2,249............
162
134
$2,250-$2,499.......... .
$2,500-$2,999__........
37
$3,000-$3,499______
38
$3,500-$3,999______
22
21
$4,000-$4,999______
$5,000 and over___
36
Types II and III
$250-$499..................
1?
86
$500-$749..................
$750-$999..................
167
$1,000-$1,249______
297
$1,250-$1,499______
327
$1,500-$1,749______
325
$1,750-$1,999______
304
172
$2,000-$2,249______
$2,250-$2,499__........
114
$2,500-$2,999_..........
46
$3,000-$3,499__........
36
26
$3,500-$3,999............
$4,000-$4,999_..........
20
$5,000 and over___
20
See p. 254 for not(is on this table.




14
25
26
36
34
33
34
38
29
21
16
4
11
17
30
28
32
35
29
24
19
12
10
7
9
8
18
25
55
60
58
63
62
44
27
19
21
11
11

$397 $374
476 466
491 453
530 520
545 522
605 593
640 620
673 663
712 696
803 783
1,083 1,041

$344
424
422
471
472
489
493
573
596
606
765

$30
42
31
49
50
104
127
90
100
177
276

92.0
91.0
93.2
90.6
90.4
82.5
79.5
86.4
85.6
77.5
73.5

8.0
9.0
6.8
9.4
9.6
17.5
20.5
13.6
14.4
22.5
26.5

$23
10
38
10
23
12
20
10
16
20
42

$0.127
.150
.154
.167
.163
.181
.179
.182
.195
.219
.222

250
300
337
336
432
409
548
461
560
556
512
566
672
860

248
293
325
302
391
360
476
382
479
443
440
475
503
625

2
7
12
34
41
49
72
79
81
113
72
91
169
235

99.2
97.7
96.4
89.9
90.5
88.0
86.9
82.9
85.5
79.7
85.9
83.9
74.9
72.7

.8
2.3
3.6
10.1
9.5
12.0
13.1
17.1
14.5
20.3
14.1
16.1
25.1
27.3

17
7
5
5
9
19
12
22
8
4
6
2
29
22

.109
.135
. 152
.154
.188
.179
.250
.210
.235
.224
.229
.191
.276
.253

345 260
353 326
409 383
454 438
494 485
539 528
567 540
571 564
593 582
622 612
709 694
716 699
766 734
1,099 1,088

258
300
372
417
463
499
498
503
521
539
613
615
592
775

2
26
11
21
22
29
42
61
61
73
81
84
142
313

99.2
92.0
97.1
95.2
95.5
94.5
92.2
89.2
89.5
88.1
88.3
88.0
80.7
71.2

.8
8.0
2.9
4.8
4.5
5.5
7.8
10.8
10.5
11.9
11.7
12.0
19.3
28.8

85
27
26
16
9
11
2?
7
11
10
15
17
32
11

.079
.094
.110
.128
.149
.155
.160
.158
.168
.167
.173
.194
.209
.226

267
307
342
341
441
428
560
483
568
560
518
568
701
882

234

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
R O C K Y M O U N T A IN , 3 M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

3.— Food: Average value of all fa m ily food, money expenditure for food at
home and aw ay from home, average value of food home-produced or received as

T able

gift or p a yf and money expense per meal per food expenditure unity by occupation ,
fa m ily type, and income, in 1 year, 1935-86 — Continued
of Average Average
Average expenditure Percentage
value of money
for food purchased expenditure
food
for food
Occupational
Average
home- expendi
group, family
value
pro ture per
Report of all
type, and income
duced permeal
food
ex family
class
or re
At Away
At Away
Eligible ing
from ceived expendi
All home
from home
pendi
food
ture
home
tures
home as gift unit
or pay
(4)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(5)
(9)
(2)
(3)
GO)
0)
(ID
Number of fami
lies

Types IV and V
$250-$499~..............
$500-$749..................
$750-$999-..............
$1,000-$1,249_..........
$1,250-$1,499-........
$1,500-$1,749_..........
$1,750-$1,999_..........
$2,000-$2,249_..........
$2,250-$2,499............
$2,500-$2,999_........ _
$3,000-$3,499______
$3,500-$3,999_..........
$4,000-$4,999______
$5,000 and over___

9
32
113
195
252
227
243
185
167
72
61
31
38
45

See p. 254 for notes on this table.




4
8
24
42
48
43
53
57
52
30
27
16
19
15

$416 $410
361 341
463 447
520 503
579 562
535 517
620 614
672 649
714 706
754 728
756 748
833 806
893 879
1,211 1,166

$410
336
440
483
543
495
581
597
618
592
650
622
694
854

$5
7
20
19
22
33
52
88
136
98
184
185
312

100.0
98.5
98.4
96.0
96.6
95.7
94.6
92.0
87.5
81.3
86.9
77.2
79.1
73.2

1.5
1.6
4.0
3.4
4.3
5.4
8.0
12.5
18.7
13.1
22.8
20.9
26.8

$6
20
16
17
17
18
6
23
8
26
8
27
14
45

$0. 095
.086
.098
.114
.112
.122
.130
.143
.151
.162
.161
.182
.189
. 197

235

TABULAR SUMMARY
R O C K Y M O U N T A IN ,

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

T a b l e 4.—Housing: Average value of housing secured with and without money

expenditure, by occupation, fam ily type, and income, in 1 year, 1985-36
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Number of
families

Occupational
group, family
type, and in
come class

Re
port
Eli ing
ex
gible pendi
tures

Aver
age
value
of all
housing
plus
fuel,
light,
and re
friger
ation
(4)

Aver
age
ex
pense
for
fuel,
light,
and
refrig
era
tion
(5)

Average value oi housing secured1
Aver
age
Without money
value With money ex
penditure
expenditure
of all
hous
ing
All Fam Other
Owned asRent
hous ily hous Total hom
e4 or pay
ing home 2 ing 3
gift
(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(*)
(*)
(*)
$2
2
5
8
6
22
19
36
37
81

$25
32
60
39
72
59
91
102
119
163
153
190
187
212

$25
24
47
27
58
55
79
98
113
153
138
159
187
212

$8
13
12
14
4
12
4
6
10
15
31

2
2
5
2

25
30
64
40
63
68
119
95
102

25
21
48
24
49
68
107
88
93

1
1
2
5
9
12

43
42
15
76
39
45
73
150

43
42
14
54
31
31
70
150

344
77
$1,000-$1,249___
24
84 257 180 180
98
385 109 274 149 147 (*)2 125
29
$1.250-$1,499___
77
421
$1,500-$1,749___
124 296 196 196 (*) 100
60
30
519 151 367 223 213 10 144
$1,750-$1,999___
70
27
581 136 444 245 228 17 199
$2,000-$2,249___
59
33
22
586 167 418 321 316
5 97
$2,250-$2,499___
55
62
42
686 162 522 287 260 27 235
$2,500-$2,999___
691 180 508 331 315 16 177
$3,000-$3,499___
20
45
779 163 613 308 254 54 305
$3,500-$3,999___
32
18
765 177 587 409 388 21 178
$4,000-$4,999___
33
16
855 217 637 510 432 78 127
19
$5,000 and over.
59
See p. 254 for notes on this table.
♦ Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.

66
119
93
133
199
97
233
177
228
178
127

0)

(2)

(3)

(6)

<7)

(8)

Per
centage
ofhous- ing
value
secured
without
money
expend
iture 6
(13)

A l l fa m ilie s

$250-$499
$500-$749_..........
$750-$999_..........
$1,000-$1,249_.«_
$1,250-$1,499___
$1,500-$1,749___
$l,750-$l,999— _
$2,000-$2,249___
$2,250-$2,499___
$2,600-$2,999___
$3,000-$3,499___
$3,500-$3,999___
$4,000-$4,999___
$5,000 and over.

$65 $136 $111 $111
62 173 141 141
86 186 126 126
94 211 172 172
105 241 169 167
108 260 201 199
131 306 215 210
132 320 218 210
145 348 229 223
142 473 310 288
166 475 322 303
160 554 364 328
187 559 372 335
230 703 491 410

49
233
429
775
866
819
786
519
415
155
135
79
79
101

16
37
66
127
136
133
151
148
120
76
58
47
37
35

$204
244
277
310
350
369
439
454
496
618
642
716
747
934

49
196
356
502
391
449
394
239
163

16
25
43
48
51
41
49
40
28

204
238
274
304
336
358
431
415
436

65
62
86
97
102
111
132
128
145

136
166
183
201
230
244
297
284
289

111
136
119
161
167
176
178
189
187

111
136
119
161
165
174
176
184
185

37
73
152
144
230
223
143
124

12
23
41
31
46
39
41
37

274
292
312
365
382
420
444
498

59
86
92
116
99
122
134
137

212
203
218
247
281
296
309
360

169
161
203
171
242
251
236
210

169
161
202
170
240
246
227
198

18.4
18.5
32.3
18.5
29.9
22.7
29.7
31.9
34.2
34.5
32.2
34.3
33.4
30.2

O ccu p a tio n a l
g ro u p :
W age earn er

$250-$499
$500-$749...........
$750-$999__........
$1,000-$1,249___
$1,250-$1,499___
$1,500-$1,749.___
$1,750-$1,999_„_
$2,000-$2,249___
$2,250-$2,499___

(*)
C)
C)2

9
16
16
14
12
7
9

18.4
18.1
35.0
19.9
27.4
27.9
40.1
33.5
35.3

C lerical
$500-$749

$750-$999______
$1,000-$1,249___
$1,250-$1,499___
$1,500-$1,749___
$1,750-$1,999___
$2,000-$2,249___
$2,250-$2,499___

1
22
8
14
3

20.3
20.7
7.3
30.8
13.9
15.2
23.6
41.7

In d e p e n d e n t
b u sin ess a n d
p ro fessio n a l




11
6
7
11
2
77

30.0
45.6
34.0
39.2
44.8
23.2
45.0
34.8
49.8
30.3
19.9

WEST CENTRALr—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

236

R O C K Y M O U N T A IN , 2 M ID D L E -S IZ E D C I T IE S

T able

4.— H ousing: Average value of housing secured with and without money

expenditure , by occupation , fa m ily type , and income , an 1 year, 19S5—86 — Con.
Number of
families

Occupational
group, family
type, and in
come class
0)

Re
Eli port
ex
gible ing
pendi
tures
(2)

(3)

Aver
age
value
of all
housing
plus
rael,
light,
and re
friger
ation
(4)

Aver
age
ex
pense
for
fuel,
light,
and
refrig
era
tion
(5)

Average value of housing secured
Per
centage
Aver
of
hous
age
ing
value With money ex
Without money value
penditure
of all
expenditure
secured
hous
without
ing
money
All Fam Other
Rent
hous ily hous Total Owned
as pay expend
home or
ing home ing
gift iture
(6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 03)

Salaried
business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249---$311 $92 $218 $190 $190 O
23
14
$28
401 107 289 212 203 $9 77
$1,250-$1.499___
54
25
373 108 264 232 225
$1,500-$1,749---7 32
80
26
$1,750-$1,999___
460 135 322 273 262 11 49
99
36
497 135 361 256 249
$2,000-$2,249___
78
34
7 105
557 141 407 287 280
$2,250-$2,499___
7 120
73
33
573 129 441 326 307 19 115
93
$2,500-$2,999___
34
619 159 460 318 297 21 142
$3,000-$3,499___
90
38
673 157 515 402 379 23 113
$3,500-$3,999___
47
29
46
21
734 195 539 346 297 49 193
$4,000-$4,999___
42
$5,000 and over.
16 1,045 248 797 466 382 84 331
Family type
Type I
189
$250-$499............
23
34
4
69 120 86 86
$500-$749
11
229
115
42
55 168 126 126
302
91
$750-$999............
149
17
85 215 124 124 (*)
293
$1,000-$1,249___
283
30
57
76 213 156 156 O
371 104 265 177 171
6 88
$1,250-$1,499___
287
28
358
$1,500-$1,749__„ 267
3 56
32
87 271 215 212
446 122 323 219 211
$1,750-$1,999..._
239
35
8 104
451 127 323 218 211
$2,000-$2,249..„
162
29
7 105
519 141 377 261 257
$2,250-$2,499____
134
24
4 116
$2,500-$2,999___
631 134 497 396 383 13 101
37
19
621 139 479 407 392 15 72
$3,000-$3,499---38
12
655 140 512 313 296 17 199
$3,500-$3,999___
22
10
$4,000-$4,999___
745 144 600 394 370 24 206
21
7
$5,000 and over.
36
9
715 151 564 397 368 29 167
Types II and
III
180
$250-$499............
17
8
47 129 129 129
$500-$749
251
86
7
18
69 172 165 165 (•)
245
$750-$999_..........
167
25
41
80 160 119 119 (*)
$1,000-$1,249___
297
312
1 11
55
99 209 198 197
338
$1,250-$1,499---327
66
60
96 238 172 172 (*)
364 113 248 204 202
325
$1,500-$1,749___
58
2 44
409 131 275 222 219
$1,750-$1,999---304
63
3 53
$2,000-$2,249___
172
440 124 314 229 219 10 85
62
493 142 346 245 240
$2,250-$2,499___
114
44
5 101
$2,500-$2,999___
46
599 144 451 284 270 14 167
27
$3,000-$3,499___
36
19
686 167 519 252 232 20 267
$3,500-$3,999___
26
21
720 172 548 441 421 20 107
20
11
621 197 424 346 332 14 78
$4,000-$4,999___
$5,000 and over.
20
11
964 254 710 . 506 434 72 204
See p. 254 for notes on this table.
•Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




$28
75
23
42
105
105
100
119
113
193
331
34
26
65
35
80
53
89
105
116
62
72
199
206
167

7
30
11
39
43
34
76
101
165
209
106
78
204

$2
9
7
15
15
23

16
26
22
8
3
15
39

11
27
1
19
9
2
58
1

12.8
26.6
12.1
15.2
29.1
29.5
26.1
30.9
21.9
35.8
41.5
28.3
25.0
42.3
26.7
33.2
20.7
32.2
32.5
30.8
20.3
15.0
38.9
34.3
29.6

4. i
25.6
5.3
27.7
18.1
19.3
27.1
29.2
37.0
51.5
19.4
18.4
28.7

TABULAR SUMMARY
R O C K Y M O U N T A IN ,

T able

2

237

M ID D L E -S IZ E D C IT IE S

4.— H ou sing: Average value of housing secured with and without money

expenditure , by occupation , fa m ily type, and income , in 1 year , 1985-86 — Con.
Number of
families

Occupational
group, family
type, and in
come class
0)
Types IV and
V
$250-$499............
$500-$749 ..........
$750-$999 _____
$1,000-$1,249____
$1,250-$1,499.___
$1,500-$1,749___
$1,750-$1,999___
$2,000-$2,249___
$2,250-$2,499___
$2,500-$2,999---$3,000-$3,499___
$3,500-$3,999__
$4,000-$4,999___
$5,000 and over.

Re
Eli port
exgible ing
penditures
(2)

9
32
113
195
252
227
243
185
167
72
61
31
38
45

(3)

4
8
24
42
48
43
53
57
52
30
27
16
19
15

Aver
age
value
of all
housing
plus
fuel,
light,
and re
friger
ation
(4)

$286
275
290
332
339
392
470
470
476
622
630
753
814
1,095

Aver
age
ex
pense
for
fuel,
light,
and
refrig
era
tion
(5)

Average value of housing secured
Aver
age
value With money ex
Without money
penditure
of all
expenditure
hous
ing
Rent
All Fam- Other
hous uy hous Total Owned
as pay
home or
gift
ing home ing
(0)

(7)

(8)

$89 $188 $138 $138
67 192 130 130
97 186 138 138
113 213 157 157
118 216 156 155
127 263 181 179
141 327 201 198
142 325 209 203
149 324 198 182
146 473 282 251
182 447 311 290
162 589 334 271
206 607 374 317
282 812 560 435

(9)

(10)

(*)
H
81
2
3
6
10
31
21
63
57
125

$50
62
48
56
60
82
126
116
132
191
136
255
233
252

See p. 254 for notes on this table.
♦ Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than Q.1 are not shown.




(ID

$50
62
48
41
58
74
126
113
117
191
136
177
233
252

(12)

$15
2
8
3
15
(*)
78

Per
centage
of hous
ing
value
secured
without
money
expend
iture
(13)

26.6
32.3
25.8
26.3
27.8
31.2
38.4
35.7
40.7
40.5
30.4
43.3
38.4
31.0

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

238

ROCKY MOUNTAIN,

2

MIDDLE-SIZED CITIES

T a b l e 4-A.— Money expenditure for family home by owners and renters,
and facilities included in rent for family home: B y occupation, fa m ily type,

and incom e in 1 year, 1985—36

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]




52
47
40
41
31
38
26
37
31

$99
61
96
126
116
133
154
161
146
270
226
245
248
352

63
60
57
67
58
39
31
35
42

99
69
99
106
116
137
159
155
125

232
242
254
251

82
71
74
56
72

24
73
187
134
119
142
144
139

195
193
214
205
280
299
285
317

56

68

54
33

$ 12 2

12

151
152
200
214
254
275
286
328
374
420
513
474
597

18
18
19
24
12
13
24
32
23
36
11
48

122

12

142
141
192

210

11

14
14
14
19
14
8

17
35
3
18
16
45
22

10

27

33
32
42
31
44
35
28
27
30
24
24
9
15

28
51
45
57
59
67
67
66
63
75
71
57
56
54

33
29
44
35
47
32
31
21
37

28
53
43
62
59
71
73
62
63

43
33
29
37
46
18
35
30

43
50
52
52
58
56
65
53

22

12

27
10
8
12

14
3

10

1

16
3

12

28
9
6
13
21

5

8

21

15
16
4
7
2

4

94
92
82
89
82
93
92
92
94
95
92
92
100
93

94
96
83
87
82
95
90
100
84
71
82
90
80
93
96
86

100

Mechanical refrigerator
Refrigeration
Percentage with none of
these facilities included
in rent

g Water

g Light

Furnishings

GO)

£
^
g;
w

63
64
59
67

©
w>
O

■SS

A ll families
$250-$499 _
49 16
37
$5ftn-$749
233 37
16
32
$750-$999................ 429 66
$1,000-$1,249____ 775 127
22
37
$1,250-$1.499......... 866 136
42
$1,500-$1,749......... 819 133
45
$1,750-$1,999......... 786 151
$2,000-12,249......... 519 148
57
56
$2,250-$2,490......... 415 120
60
$2,500-$2,999......... 155 76
$3,000-$3,499......... 135 58
53
67
$3,500-$3,999......... 79 47
$4,000-$4,999____ 79 37
63
35
69
$5,000 and over__ 10 1
Occupational
group: Wage
earner
37
$250-$499_.............. 49 16
$500-8749
196 25
16
$750-$999............... 356 43
33
$1,000-$1,249......... 502 48
18
51
35
$1,250-$1,499......... 591
$1,500-$1,749......... 449 41
56
$1,750-$1,999......... 394 49
61
$2,000-$2,249......... 239 40
63
$2,250-$2,499......... 163 28
54
Clerical
18
$500-$749_.............. 37 12
$750-$999__............ 73 23
29
$1,000-$1,249......... 152 41
24
34
$1,250-$1,499......... 144 31
23
$1,500-$1,749......... 230 36
26
$1,750-SI,999____ 223 39
42
$2,000-$2,249____ 143 41
67
$2.250-$2.499......... 124 37
See p. 255 for notes on this table.

©
w
(8)

3

o

(4)

3 Renters

S o,
«
(3)

3

to

Ba
*

3 Renting

(1 )

® X©fl
g Eligible

Occupational
group, family
type, and income
class

Home owners

ex
Number of Percentage Average
of renters having specified
pense for Percentage
families of families 1 family
facilities included in rent3
home

14
3

6
1

8

14

6
6

23
24
15
4

2

5
5
5
5
7
13
5

2
1
4

5
4
8

6

14
2
8

5

8

8

7

3
3
4

3
4
2

7

21

14
7
24
2

7
7

7
6

2

4

2
12

3

6
10

10

TABULAR SUMMARY
EOCKY MOUNTAIN,

2

239

MIDDLE-SIZED CITIES

T a b l e 4-A.— Money expenditure for family home by owners and renters,
and facilities included in rent for family home: B y occupation, fa m ily type,

and incom e in 1 year, 1935-S 6 — Continued

23
54
80
99
78
73
93
90
47
46
42

(4)

(5)

24
29
30
27
33

39
64
46
45
81
44
81
58
67
58
62

22
42
20
18
16
19

14
25
26
36
34
33
34
38
29
16

20
33




15

36

5
25

109
127
118
184
174
204
298
185
299
308

41
26
19
27
34
41
23
25
47

50
43
54
50
63
45
34
51
44
33
25
30
44

53
52
104
103
108
113
159
167
146
516
346
206
305
240

120
138

12
22
21 10

37
19
16

80
64
62
51
43
43
38
33
34

12

11

68

22 66

66

(9)

12 252519 536673
22 8 70
17 5 88
9 9 100
22
78
80 20 20
27 22 60
50 33 54

21 66 21 222

$ 9 f»0 —$4QQ
4
50
23
$ 5 0 r t-$ 7 4 Q
115
17
$750-$999
149 17
32
$1,000-$1,249_
283 30
48
$1,250-81,499____ 287 28
35
$1,600-81,749____ 267 32
44
239 35
$1,750-81,999
$2,000-82,249____ 162 29
$2,250-82,499
134 24
46
$2,500-82,999____ 37 19
37
$3,000-83,499......... 38
50
$3,500-83,999
75
7
$4,000-84,999 . .
70
$5,000 and over... 36
9
56
See p. 255 for notes on this tablo.

(8)

0

57 $154 $219
31 97 255
49 144 262
50 126 298
16 196 392
56 177 420
237 366
38 283 362
15 195 396
42 290 550
38 376 481
208
246
266
299
326
415
376
439
541
416
690

16
27
49
48
46
50
67
79

<D

w

150
192
238
272
279
301
370
380
456
600
501
612

12

22
22
42
12
18
37
30

47
47
50
50
50

100

24
52
28
40
32
31
30
29
25

50
37
48
52
64
38
44
13
30

20
35
50
31

53

Ui

Is3c8 <©2
w>
2ss

J0

£
(12) (13)

10079 10
10
85 7
91
87

7
13

100
100 129
100
100
20
100
83

2 Refrigeration
^ Percentage with none of
£
these facilities included
w in rent

(3)

3 Renters

5

So

•S
!3
*3f-i

g Light

98
77
60
70
59
55
62
45
32
33
59

.3'3

bfl
.3
ao
«

bfi

S Garage

Independent business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249
$1,250-$! ,499
$1,500-$1,749 . . .
$1,750-$1,999____
$2,000-$2,249...........
$2,250-$2,499
$2,500-$2,999
$3,000-$3,499
$3,500-83,999
$4,000-$4,999
$5,000 and over. _
Salaried business
and professional
$1,000-$1,249
$1,250-81,499____
$1,500-$1,749____
$1,750-81,999____
$2,000-82,249
$2,250-82,499
$2,500-82,999____
$3,000-83,499.........
$3,500-83,999
$4,000-84,999
$5,000 and over__
Family type:
Type I

a+3
11
&&

3

(1)

X

° %
mS

g Eligible

Occupational
group, family
type, and income
class

Home owners

ex
Number of Percentage Average
of renters having specified
pense for Percentage
families
of families family
facilities included in rent
home

5
5

9
13

5

100 12 12
12 939188 17129 65 1243
85 19 9
100
49 26
22 9489 20
66
30 17
7
10
66
90
100
100

57
82
78
75
77
65
65
69
53
53

18
5
3
9
5
3

37
52
40
53
60
76
55
62
74
50
50
15

58
18
14
14
14
15

100
95
82
97
79
96
96
93
87

100
100
100
100
85

32
7
3
33
9
13
35
34
35

1
14
13
13
13

5

2

7
13

240

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
ROCKY MOUNTAIN, 2 MIDDLE-SIZED CITIES

T a b l e 4-A.— Money expenditure for family home by owners and renters,
and facilities included in rent for family home: B y occupation , fa m ily ty p e ,

and incom e , in 1 year 19S 6-S 6 —Continued

86 25188 222 100
98
72
55
17 76

17
167
297
327
325
304
172
114
46
36
26

60
58
63
62
44
27
19

28
36
37
44
46
56
57
72
53
73

60
56
52
52
54
32
27
28
47
27

8

75
50
47
31
38
60
57
62
70
75
52
58
64
78

25
50
48
54
57
35
43
36
24
23
48
24
36

20 211111
20

9
32
113
195
252
227
243
185
167
72
61
31
38
45

4
24
42
48
43
53
57
52
30
27
16
19
15

See p. 255 for notes on this table.




153
115
105
125
131
140
136
153
214

102

3|jsi W
>
8*
a(13)

5

£
(12)

2 Refrigeration
^ Percentage with none of
; these facilities included
"" in rent

S Light

g Garage

$129
167
140
216
238
276
253
331
363
409
556
423
432

Furnishings

72
76
174
116
152
168
187
135
192
191
354
235
440

1

M
(8)

3

(4)

3 Renters

(3)

o

Home owners

flJ0
'3

3

6

?!
«

3

Types II and III
$250-$499 .
$500-$749_______
$750-$999_______
$1,000-$1,249____
$1,250-$1,499____
$1,500-$1,749____
$1,750-$1,999.........
$2,000-$2,249.........
$2,250-$2,499.........
$2,500-$2,999____
$3,000-$3,499____
$3,500-$3,999____
$4,000-$4,999____
$5,000 and over _ _
Types I V and V
$250-$499................
$500-$749...............
$750-$999.............
$1,000-$1,249____
$1,250-$1,499____
$1,500-$1,749____
$1,750-$1,999.........
$2,000-$2,249.........
$2,250-$2,499.........
$2,500-$2,999.........
$3,000-$3,499.........
$3,500-$3,999.........
$4,000-$4,999____
$5,000 and over__

Eligible

0)

*3

3

Occupational
group, family
type, and income
class

Renting

ex
of renters having specified
Number of Percentage Average
pense for Percentage
of families family
families
facilities included in rent
home

88
123
86
91
2
201 10 22
81
88 14 101 41
12 9286 43 1 24
20
9 96 2
96 13 4
22
224 100
22 22
28
14 100 14 28
86
39 20 61
100
44
100 9
70
100

96
144
182
216
178
259
265
312
281
383
397
402
478

25
3
7
26
19
13
14
18

25
28
26
45
35
30
32
32
28
17

25
121 681218
1067 313619

38
58
39
70
61
79
56
71
76
78

100
75

25
3
7
5
14

100
100
65

62 9276 31 81 12108
16 100 5
14 89 6 4
26
6 86
87 6 4
5 29
17 2
30 100 15 15
30 15
200
9
82
194
22 1111
78
229
214
100
22 387 668
100 — - 100
3

44
60
64
53
76
70
54
70
82
56
81

3

241

TABULAR SUMMARY

ROCKY MOUNTAIN, 2 MIDDLE-SIZED CITIES
T a b l e 5.— Household operation: Average m oney expenditure fo r groups of item s
of household operation , and percentage d istribu tion of such expenditure , by occupa
tion , fa m ily ty p e , and incom e , in 1 yearf 1 93 5-36
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Number of
families
Occupational g r o u p ,
family type, and in
come class

(1)

Percentage of total
household opera
tion expenditure

Average money expenditure for
household operation

Paid household
help
Fuel, Paid
Fuel,
Report
light,
light, house
Eligi ing ex Total and
Other and
re
re hold Other
item s2 friger
ble pendi
items
friger Average Percent
age of
tures
ation 1 amount families
ation i help
having
(6)
(7)
(8)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(9) (10) (ID
(2)

A ll families

$250-$499...........................
$500-$749..........................
$750-$999........................ .
$1,000-$1,249......................
$1,250-$1,499.....................
$1,500-$1.749......................
$1,750-$l,999......................
$2,000-12,249................
$2,250-$2,499__.................
$2,500-$2,999____ ____
$3,000-$3,499...................
$3,500-$3,999.....................
$4,000-$4,999...................
$5,000 and over________

101

16
37
127
136
133
151
148
76
58
47
37
35

49
196
356
502
591
449
394
239
163

16
25
43
48
51
41
49
40
28

37
73
152
144
230
223
143
124

23
41
31
36
39
41
37

49
233
429
775

866

819
786
519
415
155
135
79
79

$96

$65

158
167

344
343
453
651

105
108
131
132
145
142
166
160
187
230

96

65

196
224

128
145

62
96
66 122
86
135
94

212
238
120 212
284

21 $283534
7
8 3950
10 5768
14
16
75

56
122
256

53

17
32
47
45
61
81

83
105
125
127
144
165

67.7
64.6
70.5
69.6
66.5
64.7
61.8
62.3
60.9
50.0
48.3
46.7
41.3
35.3

2.4
4.2
13.0
15.4
16.3
26.9
39.4

3

4

28

67.7

3.5

(*)

$3

231
2
13
5
10
37

4

3.1
(*)
1.5
1.9

.8
1.2
6.1

29.2
35.4
28.7
28.9
31.6
34.1
32.1
35.3
34.9
37.0
36.3
37.0
31.8
25.3

Occupational group:
Wage earner

$250-$499............................
*5na-!fi749
$750-$999___.......................
$1,000-$1,249_....................
$1,250-$1,499______ ____
$1,500-$1,749_....................
$1,750-$1,999......................
$2,000-$2,249......................
$2,250-$2,499......................
Clerical

$500-$749............................
$750-$999 ..........................
$1,000-$1,249_....................
$1,250-$1,499__.................
$1,500-$1,749......................
$1,750-$1,999......................
$2,000-$2,249......................
$2,250-$2,499...... ...............

12

62
97
121
86
135
97
152 102
166 111
216 132

86 8659
92

128
136
169
157
186
214
224

Independent business
and professional

116
99

122

134
137

11
3
1
17
26
1
821.
635

63.9
26 353437 71.1
.8
71.9
6 47 66.6
2.0.7
54 66.9
.6
61.1
1286 6766
7.9
1.0
65.3
8 73 64.7 2.7
12 4226 68.6
1.2
67.6 1.5
810 4542 67.2
68.7 4.7
.6
4
57 63.1
61 65.6
1.6
12
2.3
15
2.2
12 8275 62.6
61.2

6
226

12

48
138
84
98
24
$1,000-$1,249__________
18
70
182 109
3
$1,250-$1,499___________
77
29
24
71
124
$1,500-$1,749......................
60
30
92
33
$1,750-$1,999............ .........
70
27
265 151
13
25
$2,000-$2,249__________
59
33
249 136
40
274 167
$2,250-$2,499......................
55
5
41
36
$2,500-$2,999......................
62
42
315 162
51
51 133
364 180
$3,000-$3,499......................
45
42 131
354 163
60
$3,500-$3,999......................
32
18
480 177
156
46 147
$4,000-$4,999_....................
16
33
78 157
593 217
219
$5,000 and o v e r .............
59
19
See p. 255 for notes on this table.
*Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




201

22
20

100
102
112

61.3
59.9
61.7
56.6
54.6
61.0
51.4
49.5
46.2
36.9
36.6

1.6

4.4
3.0
8.3
5.2

1.8

13.0
14.0
17.0
32.5
36.9

28.8
36.1
28.1
27.4
31.4
32.5
31.0
33.7
32.6
30.2
32.8
30.9
26.6
36.3
32.8
35.1
36 6
34.3
38.5
35.3
35.1
40.2
37.2
35.6
36.5
36.8
30.6
26.5

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

242

ROCKY MOUNTAIN, 2 MIDDLE-SIZED CITIES
T a b l e 5.— Household operation: Average m oney expenditure for groups of item s
of household operation , and percentage d istribu tion of such expenditure , by occupa
tion, fa m ily ty p e , and incom e, in 1 yea r , 1985—86 —Continued
Number of
families
Occupational g r o u p ,
family type, and in
come class

0)

Percentage of total
household opera
tion expenditure

Average money expenditure for
household operation

Paid household
help
Fuel,
Fuel,
Report
light,
light,
Eligi ing ex Total and
Other and
re
re
items friger
ble pendi
friger Average Percent
age of
tures
ation amount families
ation
having
(6)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(5)

Salaried business and
professional
23
14 $144 $92
$1,000-$1,249......................
$50
165 107
54
25
$1,250-$1,499...................
57
26
5
24
181 108
$1,500-$1,749......................
80
224 135
36
16
77
$1,750-SI,999......................
99
34
225 135
38
78
$2,000-$2,249_....................
80
265 141
33
30
$2,250-$2,499................
73
26
94
263 129
34
33
29
$2,500-$2,999.......... ...........
93
334 159
38
55
45
$3,000-$3,499...............
90
335 157
48 125
29
$3,500-$3,999_.................
53
47
72 142
435 195
98
$4,000-$4,999.....................
46
42
16
84 176
731 248
307
$5,000 and over..............
Family type: Type I
4
93
69
24
23
$250-$499.................... .......
96
4
55
41
115
$500-$749...........-.........—
(*)
85
149
17
36
$750-$999 _____________
$1,000-$1,249._...............
30
76
9
283
34
4
161 104
$1,250-$1,499__.......... .
287
28
53
32
143
$1,500-$1,749_____ _____
54
267
87
3
239
35
195
15
$1,750-$1,999.....................
70
162
29
216 127
15
$2,000-$2,249__________
83
134
24
232 141
15
$2,250-$2,499_............„ „
90
37
19
309
53
29
$2,500-$2,999.....................
312 139
26
51 147
$3,000-$3,499__............ .
38
301 140
35
50 126
$3,500-$3,999___________
51 155
480 144
181
$4,000-$4,999_................7
466 151
36
9
150
90 165
$5,000 and over------------Types II and III
79
17
47
$250-$499............................
18
95
69
26
$500-$749 ....................__
25
167
109
80
29
$750-$999 ....................—
4
9
2G7
55
141
$1,000-$1,249............. — .
38
99
327
60
7
$1,250-$1,499......................
144
47
96
58
9
$1,500-$1,749......................
325
171 113
56
63
224 131
27
$1,750-$1,999-............— _ 304
172
62
204 124
72
$2,000-$2,249.....................
44
114
242 142
25
$2,250-$2,499_....................
75
27
282 144
33
46
39
$2,500-$2,999......................
99
19
36
405 167
124
73 114
$3,000-$3,499.....................
384 172
61 116
26
96
$3,500-$3,999......................
435 197
76 136
$4,000-$4,999...............
82 157
790 254
379
$5,000 and over________
See p. 255 for notes on this table.
♦ Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.




$21
1210

106
68
101
120

21

11 121
111

122
134

1
2
61

22
21

1210

86

8

10
1
2
8

20
20

2111
11

102

12
12

122

12 22

Paid
house Other
hold items
help
GO)

1.4
0.6
2.8
5.3

(11)

63.9
64.8
59.7
60.3
60.0
53.2
48.9
47.6
46.9
44.8
33.9

4.4
11.3
13.2
16.5
15.8
22.5
42.0

34.7
34.6
37.5
34.4
35.6
35.5
37.9
35.9
37.3
32.7
24.1

74.2
57.3
70.2
68.5
64.6
60.8
62.6
58.8
60.8
43.3
44.6
46.5
30.0
32.4

(*)
.9
2.5
1.4
1.5
.4
17.2
8.3
37.7
32.2

25.8
42.7
29.8
30.6
32.9
37.8
35.9
38.4
38.8
39.5
47.1
41.9
32.3
35.4

2.8

11.6

59.5
72.6
73.4
70.2
66.7

12.4

41.2
44.8
45.3
32.1

30.6
25.0
23.4
48.0

2.8.7
1.2
20
66 66.1
58.5 12.0
21
3.9
60.8
22
58.7 10.3
51.1 13.8

28.1
27.4
26.6
27.0
32.6
32.7
29.5
35.3
31.0
35.1
28.2
30.2
31.3
19.9

TABULAR SUMMARY
R O C K Y M O U N T A IN ,

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

243
C IT IE S

T able 5. — Household operation: Average money expenditure for groups of item s
of household operation , and percentage distribution of such expenditure , by occupa
tion , fam ily type1 and income , in 1 year , 1935-86 — Continued
Number of
families
Occupational g r o u p ,
family type, and in
come class

(1)
Types I V and V
$250-$499............................
$500-$749............................
$750~$999.....................
$1,000-$ 1,249
$1,250-$1,499......................
$1,500-$1,749......................
$1,750-$1,999__________
$2,000-$2,249.....................
$2,250-$2,499_............ .
$2,500-$2,999_...............
$3,000-$3,499..................
$3,500-$3,999_.................._
$4,000-$4,999___________
$5,000 and over________

Paid household
help
Fuel,
Fuel,
Report
light,
light,
Eligi ing ex Total and re
Other and
re
ble pendi
Percent
friger Average age of items friger
tures
ation amount families
ation
having
(2)
(3)
(4)
(9)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(5)
9
32
113
195
252
227
243
185
167
72
61
31
38
45

See p. 255 for notes on this table.




Percentage of total
household opera
tion expenditure

Average money expenditure for
household operation

4
8
24
42
48
43
53
57
52
30
27
16
19
15

$137
97
142
163
173
191
216
214
239
274
327
337
449
736

$89
67
97
113
118
127
141
142
149
146
182
162
206
282

$3
5
2
4
3
6
27
29
38
100
285

5
4
8
7
10
15
33
29
29
58
73

$48
30
42
50
50
62
71
69
84
101
116
137
143
169

65.0
69.1
68.3
69.3
68.2
66.5
65.3
66.4
62.3
53.3
55.6
48.1
45.9
38.3

Paid
house Other
hold items
help
(10)

(11)

2.1
2.9
1.0
1.8
1.4
2.5
9.8
8.9
11.3
22.3
38.7

35.0
30.9
29.6
30.7
28.9
32.5
32.9
32.2
35.2
36.9
35.5
40.6
31.8
23.0

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

244

R O C K Y M O U N T A IN , 2 M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

T a b l e 6.— Clothing: Average money expenditure for clothing for husband and

wife and other fa m ily members, and percentage distribution of such expenditure,
by occupation, fa m ily type, and income, in 1 year, 1985—36
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Number of families

Occupational group,
family type, and In
come class
0)

Eligible
(2)

A ll families
49
$250-$499............................
233
$500-$749_..........................
429
$750-$999...........................
$1,000-$1,249.....................
775
$1,250-$1,499.....................
866
819
$1,500-$1,749.....................
$1,750-$l,999....................
786
519
$2,000-$2,249................... 415
$2,250-$2,499__..................
155
$2,500-$2,999.....................
135
$3,000-$3,499................. 79
$3,500-$3,999.....................
79
$4,000-$4,999................... 101
$5,000 and over...............
Occupational group:
Wage earner
49
$250-$499........................196
$500-$749_____________
$750-$999_ ........................
356
502
$1,000-$1,249__________
591
$1,250-$1,499.....................
449
$1,500-$1,749................. 394
$1,750-$1,999.....................
239
$2,000-$2,249__.................
163
$2,250-$2,499__________
Clerical
$500-$749_.........................
37
$750-$999__............ ..........
73
152
$1,000-$1,249............... —
144
$1,250-$1,499.....................
230
$1,500-$1,749.....................
223
$1,750-$1,999.....................
$2,000-$2,249.................143
124
$2,250-$2,499__________
Independent business
and professional
$1,000-$1,249__..................
98
$1,250-$1,499.._................
77
$1,500-$1,749.....................
60
$1,750-$1,999.....................
70
59
$2,000-$2,249.....................
55
$2,250-$2,499__..................
$2,500-$2,999_...................
62
$3,000-$3,499.....................
45
32
$3,500-$3,999__...............
$4,000-$4,999.....................
33
$5,000 and over...... .........
59
See p. 255 for notes on this table.




Average money expenditure for Percentage of total fam
clothing i
ily clothing expenditure

Report All
ing ex family Hus
pendi mem band
bers
tures
(4)
(5)
(3)

Other
Hus
Wife family
mem band
bers a
(6)
(7)
(8)

Other
Wife family
mem
bers *
(9)
GO)

16
37
66
127
136
133
151
148
120
76
58
47
37
35

$54
73
85
118
142
150
199
214
246
317
318
369
508
597

$21
28
30
39
50
59
72
76
86
103
111
129
166
177

$15
28
29
52
54
57
81
80
92
110
114
143
182
276

$18
17
26
27
38
34
46
58
68
104
93
97
160
144

38.9
38.4
35.3
33.0
35.2
39.3
36.2
35.5
35.0
32.5
34.9
35.0
32.7
29.6

27.8
38.4
34.1
44.1
38.0
38.0
40.7
37.4
37.4
34.7
35.9
38.8
35.8
46.3

33.3
23.2
30.6
22.9
26.8
22.7
23.1
27.1
27.6
32.8
29.2
26.2
31.5
24.1

16
25
43
48
51
41
49
40
28

54
74
86
117
141
135
186
206
238

21
27
30
38
49
52
66
65
73

15
28
29
52
54
50
73
78
85

18
19
27
27
38
33
47
63
80

38.9
36.5
34.9
32.5
34.8
38.6
35.5
31.6
30.7

27.8
37.8
33.7
44.4
38.3
37.0
39.2
37.8
35.7

33.3
25.7
31.4
23.1
26.9
24.4
25.3
30.6
33.6

12
23
41
31
36
39
41
37

70
81
128
153
173
212
214
243

35
29
47
57
70
78
80
94

26
33
53
61
68
88
76
94

9
19
28
35
35
46
58
55

50.0
35.8
36.7
37.3
40.5
36.8
37.4
38.7

37.1
40.7
41.4
39.8
39.3
41.5
35.5
38.7

12.9
23.5
21.9
22.9
20.2
21.7
27.1
22.6

24
29
30
27
33
22
42
20
18
16
19

104
133
155
204
217
237
312
303
384
471
639

32
48
57
70
81
78
96
114
121
172
174

47
50
56
86
84
83
106
106
147
172
324

25
35
42
48
52
76
110
83
116
127
141

30.8
36.1
36.8
34.3
37.3
32.9
30.8
37.6
31.5
36.5
27.2

45.2
37.6
36.1
42.2
38.7
35.0
34.0
35.0
38.3
36.5
50.7

24.0
26.3
27.1
23.5
24.0
32.1
35.2
27.4
30.2
27.0
22.1

245

TABULAR SUMMARY
R O C K Y M O U N T A IN ,

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

6,—Clothing: Average money expenditure for clothing for husband and
wife and other fam ily members , and percentage distribution of such expenditure,
by occupation, fa m ily type , and income , in 1 year, 1935-36 — Continued

T able

Number of families
Occupational group,
family type, and in
come class
(1)

Eligiblo
(2)

Salaried business
and professional
$1,000-$1,249.....................
23
54'
$1,250-$1,499.....................
$1,500-$1,749...............
80
$1,750-$1,999___............ .
99
$2,000-$2,249__..................
78
$2,250-$2,499............... .
73
$2,500-$2,999................... .
93
90
$3,000-$3,499........... .........
47
$3,500-$3,999.__............ .
$4,000-$4,999__________
46
$5,000 and over-----------42
Family type: Type I
$250-$499...........................
23
$500~$749........................
115
149
$750-$999_-_____ ______
283
$1,000-$1,249__________
$1,250-$1,499___................
287
$1,500~$1,749__________
267
239
$1,750-$1,999__________
162
$2,000-$2,249.....................
$2,250-$2,499__________
134
$2,500~$2,999_________ _
37
$3,000-$3,499__________
38
$3,500-$3,999....................
22
21
$4,000-$4,999__________
$5,000 and o v er______
36
Types II and III
$250-$499_........................
17
$500-$749............................
86
$750-$999_.........................
167
$1,000-$1,249___................
297
$1,250-$1,499.....................
327
$1,500-$1,749.....................
325
304
$1,750-$1,999__________
$2,000-$2,249....................
172
$2,250-$2,499...................
114
$2,500-*$2,999.....................
46
$3,000-$3,499.....................
36
$3,500-$3,999__________
26
$4,000-$4,999....................
20
$5,000 and over...............
20
See p. 255 for notes on this table.




Average money expenditure for Percentage of total fam
clothing
ily clothing expenditure

Report
All
ing ex family Hus
pendi mem band
tures
bers
(3)
(4)
(5)

Other
Hus
Wife family
mem band
bers
(8)
(6)
(7)

Other
Wife family
mem
bers
(9)
(10)

14
25
26
36
34
33
34
38
29
21
16

$132
129
170
215
237
275
320
325
358
535
538

$50
47
67
78
98
105
108
109
135
161
181

$55
54
68
94
91
110
113
119
141
189
209

$27
28
35
43
48
60
99
97
82
185
148

37.9
36.4
39.4
36.3
41.4
38.2
33.8
33.5
37.7
30.1
33.6

41.7
41.9
40.0
43.7
38.4
40.0
35.3
36.7
39.4
35.3
38.8

20.4
21.7
20.6
20.0
20.2
21.8
30.9
29.8
22.9
34.6
27.6

4
11
17
30
28
32
35
29
24
19
12
10
7
9

41
55
60
100
109
146
166
176
188
275
276
312
350
457

26
27
30
41
49
76
79
90
90
138
127
141
174
178

12
28
29
58
60
69
86
85
97
135
149
171
165
279

3
1
1

63.4
49.1
50.0
41.0
45.0
52.0
47.6
51.1
47.9
50.2
46.0
45.2
49.8
38.9

29.3
50.9
48.3
58.0
55.0
47. 3
51.8
48.3
51.6
49.1
54.0
54.8
47.1
61.1

7.3
1.7
1.0

8
18
25
55
60
58
63
62
44
27
19
21
11
11

51
95
92
133
145
148
217
214
258
271
334
383
557
686

14
34
33
45
56
59
81
72
95
92
126
142
197
244

17
32
32
55
59
57
95
86
109
113
129
150
266
300

27.4
35.8
35.9
33.8
38.6
39.9
37.3
33.6
36.8
33.9
37.7
37.1
35.4
35.6

33.3
33.7
34. 8
41.4
40.7
38.5
43.8
40.2
42.3
41.7
38.6
39.1
47.7
43.7

39.3
30.5
29.3
24.8
20.7
21.6
18.9
26.2
20.9
24.4
23.7
23.8
16.9
20.7

1
1
1
1
2
11
20
29
27
33
30
32
41
56
54
66
79
91
94
142

.7
.6
.6
.5
3.1

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

246

R O C K Y M O U N T A IN ,

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

6.—Clothing: Average money expenditure for clothing for husband and
wife and other fa m ily members , and percentage distribution of such expenditure,
by occupation , fa m ily type , and income , in 1 year , 1935-86 — Continued

T able

Number of families
Occupational group,
family type, and in
come class
0)
Types IV and V
$250-$499..........................
$500-$749....................— .
$750-$999__...................
$1,000-$1,249_...................
$1,250-$1,499__________
$1,500-$1,749__________
$1,750-11,999__________
$2,000-$2,249__________
$2,250-$2,499__________
$2,500-$2,999...................
$3,000-$3,499_.... ..............
$3,500-$3,999__________
$4,000-$4,999..... ...........
$5,000 and over________

Eligible
(2)
9
32
113
195
252
227
243
185
167
72
61
31
38
45

See p. 255 for note on this table.




Average money expenditure for Percentage of total fam
clothing
ily clothing expenditure

All
Report
ing ex family Hus
pendi mem band
tures
bers
(3)
(4)
(5)
4
8
24
42
48
43
53
57
52
30
27
16
19
15

$94
82
110
122
174
158
209
247
284
368
333
397
570
669

$20
20
25
30
44
39
52
68
76
92
91
110
144
146

Other
Hus
Wife family
mem band
bers
(6)
(7)
(8)
$18
17
27'
37
42
44
59
71
76
95
85
118
146
264

$56
45
58
55
88
75
98
108
132
181
157
169
280
259

21.3
24.4
22.7
24.6
25.3
24.7
24.9
27.5
26.8
25.0
27.3
27.7
25.3
21.8

Other
Wife family
mem
bers
(10)
(9)
19.1
20.7
24.5
30.3
24.1
27.8
28.2
28.7
26.8
25.8
25.5
29.7
25.6
39.5

59.6
54.9
52.8
45.1
50.6
47.5
46.9
43.8
46.4
49.2
47.2
42.6
49.1
38.7

247

TABULAR SUMMARY
R O C K Y M O U N T A IN ,

T

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

7.—Personal care: Average money expenditure for toilet articles and prep
arations , and servicesf and percentage distribution of such expenditure , by occupa
tion , fa m ily typef and incom e , in 1 year , 1985-86

a b l e

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]

Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Number of families

Average money expenditure
for personal care

Report
ing
Eligible expend
iture

Total

Serv
ices i

(4)

(5)

(1)
A l l fa m ilie s

$250-$499.........................................
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999._.....................................
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999_.................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,500-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999_.................................
$5,000 and over..............................
O ccu p a tio n a l g ro u p : W a g e
earn er

$250-$499.........................................
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,600-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249..................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
C lerical

$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$l,249................................. .
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................

(2)

(3)

49
233
429
775
866
819
786
519
415
155
135
79
79
101

16
37
66
127
136
133
151
148
120
76
58
47
37
35

$15
23
24
32
35
39
44
49
50
60
70
77
80
117

49
196
356
502
591
449
394
239
163

16
25
43
48
51
41
49
40
28

37
73
152
144
230
223
143
124
98
77
60
70
59
55
62
45
32
33
59

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(6)

Percentage of total
personal-care ex
penditure
Serv
ices i
(7)

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(8)

9
10
14
14
18
22
25
24
30
37
44
43
69

$9
14
14
18
21
21
22
24
26
30
33
33
37
48

40.0
39.1
41.7
43.7
40.0
46.2
50.0
51.0
48.0
50.0
52.9
57.1
53.8
59.0

60.0
60.9
58.3
56.3
60.0
53.8
50.0
49.0
52.0
50.0
47.1
42.9
46.2
41.0

15
23
25
32
34
38
42
51
52

6
9
10
14
12
19
21
25
24

9
14
15
18
22
19
21
26
28

40.0
39.1
40.0
43.8
35.3
50.0
50.0
49.0
46.2

60.0
60.9
60.0
56.2
64.7
50.0
50.0
51.0
53.8

12
23
41
31
36
39
41
37

21
25
32
40
41
41
47
45

9
10
14
18
16
21
25
22

12
15
18
22
25
20
22
23

42.9
40.0
43.7
45.0
39.0
51.2
53.2
48.9

57.1
60.0
56.3
55.0
61.0
48.8
46.8
51.1

24
29
30
27
33
22
42
20
18
16
19

29
34
39
56
47
54
63
67
65
74
118

13
18
17
27
24
27
32
38
37
43
71

16
16
22
29
23
27
31
29
28
31
47

44.8
52.9
43.6
48.2
51.1
50.0
60.8
56.7
56.9
58.1
60.2

55.2
47.1
56.4
51.8
48.9
50.0
49.2
43.3
43.1
41.9
39.8

$6

I n d e p e n d e n t b u sin ess a n d
p ro fe ssio n a l

$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499..................................
$2,500-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999..................................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000 and over..............................
See p. 255 for note on this table.
125019°— 40----------17




248

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
R O C K Y M O U N T A IN , 2 M ID D L E -S IZ E D C IT IE S

T able 7.—Personal care: Average money expenditure for toilet articles and prep
arations, and services, and percentage distribution of such expenditure, by occupa
tion, fam ily type, and income, in 1 year, 1985-86 — Continued
money expenditure
Number of families Average
for personal care
Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Report
ing
Eligible expend
iture

(1)
Salaried business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499_.................................
$1,500-$1,749_.................................
$1,750-$1,999-................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499_.............................
$2,500-$2,999..................................
$3,000-$3,499_.................................
$3,500-$3,999__________ ______
$4,000-$4,999_________ _______
$5,000 and over_______ _______
Family type: Type I
$250-$499.........................................
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999_................................... ..
$1,000-$1,249_................ ................
$1,250-*! .499______ ___________
$l,5O0-$l,749_________________
$1.750-$1,999........... —..................
$2.0O0-$2,249____________ ____
$2,250-$2,499......................... .........
$2,500-$2,999_.................................
$3,000-$3,499_.................................
$3.500-$3,999_...........................
$4.000-$4,999— ....................... .
$5,000 and over_______________
Types II and III
$250-$499..................................
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999_______ ______ ______
$1,000-$1,249-...............................
$1,250-$l,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749__________ ______
$1,750-$1,999____________ ____
$2,000-$2,249_________________
$2.250-$2,499-_...............................
$2,500-$2,999_.................................
$3,000-$3,499_.................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000 and over.............................
See p. 255 for note on this tabl e.




(3)

(2)

Total

Serv
ices

(4)

(5)

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(6)

Percentage of total
personal-care ex
penditure
Serv
ices
(7)

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(8)

23
54
80
99
78
73
93
90
47
46
42

14
25
26
36
34
33
34
38
29
21
16

$36
36
40
48
49
49
57
71
84
84
116

$18
15
19
24
23
23
28
36
49
43
67

$18
21
21
24
26
26
29
35
35
41
49

50.0
41.7
47.5
50.0
46.9
46.9
49.1
50.7
58.3
51.2
57.8

50.0
58.3
52.5
50.0
53.1
53.1
50.9
49.3
41.7
48.8
42.2

23
115
149
283
287
267
239
162
134
37
38
22
21
36

4
11
17
30
28.
32
35
29
24
19

10
23
20
32
28
37
41
44
50
53
59
77
57
74

4
10
8
16
12
18
20
22
25
26
28
48
28
41

6
13
12
16
16
19
21
22
25
27
31
29
29
33

40.0
43.5
40.0
50.0
42.9
48.6
48.8
50.0
50.0
49.1
47.5
62.3
49.1
55.4

60.0
56.5
60.0
50.0
57.1
51.4
51.2
50.0
50.0
50.9
52.6
37.7
50.9
44.6

17
86
167
297
327
325
304
172
114
46
36
26
20
20

8
18
25
55
60
58
63
62
44
27
19
21

19
23
25
31
39
37
46
50
50
52
74
83
85
123

9
8
10
13
15
17
23
25
24
25
40
44
45

10
15
15
18
24
20
23
25
26
27
34
39
40
57

47.4
34.8
40.0
41.9
38.5
45.9
50.0
50.0
48.0
48.1
54.1
53.0
52.9
53.7

52.6
65.2
60.0
58.1
61.5
54.1
50.0
50.0
52.0
51.9
45.9
47.0
47.1
46.3

12
10

7
9

11
11

66

TABULAR SUMMARY
R O C K Y M O U N T A IN ,

Table

2

249

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

7.—Personal care: Average money expenditure for toilet articles and prep

arations, and services , and percentage distribution of such expenditure , by occupa
tion , fa m ily type , and income , in 1 year, 1935-86 — Continued

Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Nujnber of families

Average money expenditure
for personal care

Report
ing
Eligible expend
iture

Total

Serv
ices

(4)

(5)

(1)
Types I V and V
$250-$499.................. .....................
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249..................................
$1.250-$1,499_.................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1.750-$1,999_.................................
$2,000-$2,249..................................
$2,250-$2,499_.........................
$2,500-$2,999_.................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999..................................
$5,000 and over..........................
See p. 255 for note on this table.




(2)
9
32
113
195
252
227
243
185
167
72
61
31
38
45

(3)
4
8
24
42
48
43
53
57
52
30
27
16
19
15

$18
19
30
32
38
44
43
53
49
68
75
72
90
150

$6
5
14
13
15
20
21
27
23
35
40
41
51
94

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(6)
$12
14
16
19
23
24
22
26
26
33
35
31
39
56

Percentage of total
personal-care ex
penditure
Serv
ices
(7)
33.3
26.3
46.7
40.6
39.5
45.5
48.8
50.9
46.9
51.5
53.3
56.9
56.7
62.7

Toilet
articles
and
prepara
tions
(8)
66.7
73.7
53.3
59.4
60.5
54.5
51.2
49.1
53.1
48.5
46.7
43.1
43.3
37.3

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

250

R O C K Y M O U N T A IN , 2 M ID D L E -S IZ E D C IT IE S

8.—Automobile operation and purchase: Percentage of fam ilies own
ing and purchasing automobiles, average m oney expenditure for all fam ilies for
operation and purchase , by occupation , fa m ily typef and income in 1 year , 1985-36

T able

[White nonrelief families Including husband and wife, both native born]
Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Eligible

(1)

(2)

Report
ing ex
pendi
tures
(3)

Percentage of all
families

Average money expenditure
of all families

Owning Purchas Operation Opera Purchase
auto ing auto and pur
(net) 2
mobiles mobiles chase i tion i
(4)

(6)

(5)

(7)

(8)

A l l fa m ilie s

$250-$499.........................................
$500-$749.......................................
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249_..........................— $1,250-$1,499_____________ ___
$1,500-$1,749............................— $1,750-$1,999____ _____ _____ $2,000-$2,249............ — ..........
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999____ _____________
$3,000-$3,499______ ___________
$3,500-$3,999............................. .
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000 and over.................. . .
O ccu p a tio n a l g ro u p : W a g e
ea rn er

$250-$499...................................—
$500-$749...................... ..................
$750-$999_______ _____________
$1,000-$1,249_________________
$1,250-$1,499_.......... .....................
$1,500-$1,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999_____ ____________
$2,000-$2,249_____ ____________
$2,250-$2,499_.................................
C lerica l

$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249_............................. .
$1,250-$1,499_.......... ..................$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999_.................................
$2,000-$2,249........ ..................... .
$2,250-$2,499...................................

49
233
429
775
866
819
786
519
415
155
135
79
79
101

16
37
66
127
136
133
151
148
120
76
58
47
37
35

38
56
65
70
76
69
79
78
86
89
78
93
94
78

4
20
8
26
20
18
24
23
26
22
18
29
29
25

$13
62
60
133
147
171
185
256
244
288
235
393
416
474

$11
35
43
66
78
86
99
123
129
179
136
226
205
305

$2
27
17
67
69
85
86
133
115
109
99
167
211
169

49
196
356
502
591
449
394
239
163

16
25
43
48
51
41
49
40
28

38
60
69
74
76
68
84
73
100

4
22
8
31
21
20
26
28
43

13
69
62
143
153
187
173
290
311

11
38
46
71
76
84
99
109
130

2
31
16
72
77
103
74
181
181

37
73
152
144
230
223
143
124

12
23
41
31
36
39
41
37

36
43
67
75
70
64
79
72

6
11
14
23
19
21
17
18

29
54
91
162
149
170
195
189

22
33
56
91
90
90
129
99

7
21
35
71
59
80
66
90

98
77
60
70
59
55
62
45
32
33
59

24
29
30
27
33
22
42
20
18
16
19

69
69
78
74
90
80
92
95
91
100
75

20
5
7
30
15
7
28
14
35
21
31

151
72
124
301
216
223
315
246
402
367
588

59
61
75
111
122
190
153
158
202
204
356

92
11
49
190
94
33
162
88
200
163
232

In d e p e n d e n t b u sin ess a n d
p ro fessio n a l

$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$! ,499_.................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999_.................................
$2,000-$2,249_.................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,600-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000 and over.............................
See p. 255 for notes on this tat>le.




251

TABULAR SUMMARY
R O C K Y M O U N T A IN ,

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

T able 8. — Automobile operation and purchase: Percentage of fam ilies own
ing and purchasing automobiles , average m oney expenditure for all fam ilies for
operation and purchase , by occupation , fa m ily type , and income , in 1 year ,
1 9 8 5 - 3 6 — Continu ed
Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class

Eligible

(1)
S a la ried b u sin ess a n d
p ro fessio n a l

(2)

Report
ing ex
pendi
tures
(3)

Percentage of all
families

Average expenditure of all
families

Owning Purchas Operation Opera Purchase
auto ing auto and pur tion
(net)
mobiles mobiles chase i

(5)

(4)

(6)

(7)

(8)

$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499„_.............................
$2,500-$2,999_.................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000 and over.............................

23
54
80
99
78
73
93
90
47
46
42

14
25
26
36
34
33
34
38
29
21
16

58
88
68
95
82
84
87
70
94
90
83

18
17
15
12
23
17
18
20
25
34
17

$97
150
167
181
295
206
269
228
388
451
314

$53
101
92
111
155
131
197
124
242
205
233

$44
49
75
70
140
75
72
104
146
246
81

$2fift-$4«9
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999_.................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,500-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000 and over..............................

23
115
149
283
287
267
239
162
134
37
38
22
21
36

4
11
17
30
28
32
35
29
24
19
12
10
7
9

25
61
73
80
75
60
78
75
89
100
74
100
100
77

27
10
38
18
26
23
25
17
19
9
17
40
31

4
63
69
175
190
247
232
332
241
273
179
355
576
637

4
51
44
75
84
99
112
146
150
221
134
222
256
366

12
25
100
106
148
120
186
91
52
45
133
320
271

$250-$499.........................................
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999.........................................
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,500-$2,999..................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,50O-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000 and over...............................

17
86
167
297
327
325
304
172
114
46
36
26
20
20

8
18
25
55
60
58
63
62
44
27
19
21
11
11

50
43
61
66
83
81
71
81
84
93
89
90
88
82

12
18
12
21
24
12
22
26
33
21
26
29
41
18

25
78
67
106
145
129
163
246
271
280
302
371
453
421

19
20
47
58
84
86
84
129
129
159
158
214
220
265

6
58
20
48
61
43
79
117
142
121
144
157
233
156

$250-$499.........................................
$500-$749....................................... .
$750-$999........................................
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499...................................
$2,600-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499...................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000 and over________ ______
See p. 265 for notes on this table.

9
32
113
195
252
227
243
185
167
72
61
31
38
45

4
8
24
42
48
43
53
57
52
30
27
16
19
15

50
75
59
60
67
63
88
78
85
82
74
91
95
78

17
15
18
27
19
30
23
18
38
16
24

12
17
38
113
101
137
166
198
230
300
230
441
307
867

12
17
38
67
65
69
104
96
113
171
124
239
167
274

46
86
68
62
102
117
129
106
202
140
98

F a m ily ty p e : T y p e I

T yp es I I and I I I

T ypes I V and V




WEST CENTRAL-KOOKY MOUNTAIN REGION

252

R O C K Y M O U N T A IN ,

T able

2

M ID D L E -S IZ E D

C IT IE S

9.—Recreation:
Aver age money expenditure for recreation of specified
typest by occupation , fa m ily type , and incom e , in 1 year , 19S5—S6
[W hite nonrelief fam ilies in clu d in g husb and and wife, both native bornl

Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class
0)
A ll families
$250-$499........................................
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999....................................—
$1,000-$1,249................................. $1,250-$1,499................................. .
$1,500-$1,749_.................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499_.................................
$2,500-$2,999_.................................
$3,000-$3,499_.................................
$3,500-$3,999............................. .
$4,000-$4,999............................... .
$5,000 and over...........................
Occupational group: Wage
earner
$250-$499........................................
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999....................................... .
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499............ ................
$1,500-$1,749_.................................
$1,750-$1,999_.................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499_.................................
Clerical
$500-$749..................................... .
$750-$999....................................... .
$1,000-$1,249................................. $1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749..................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249_............................... .
$2,250-$2,499................................. Independent- business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249..................................
$1,250-$1,499..................................
$1,500-$1,749..................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249_.................................
$2,250-$2,499..................................
$2,500-$2,999...................................
$3,000-$3,499_.................................
$3,500-$3,999..................................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000 and over..............................
Salaried business and
professional
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1,499...................................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249_.................................

Report
ex
Eligible ing
pendi
tures
(3)

(2)

A verage m oney expenditure for recreation
P aid ad m issions
T otal
(4)

M ovies

Other i

(5)

(6)

49
233
429
775
866
819
786
519
415
155
135
79
79
101

16
37
66
127
136
133
151
148
120
76
58
47
37
35

$13
20
22
30
40
50
60
78
81
111
102
161
191
377

$4
9
6
10
12
14
17
23
22
22
24
18
25
38

(*)

49
196
356
502
591
449
394
239
163

16
25
43
48
51
41
49
40
28

13
22
20
27
38
43
55
73
87

4
10
6
9
11
13
14
23
22

(*)

37
73
152
144
230
223
143
124

12
23
41
31
36
39
41
37

10
32
41
51
69
65
88
79

3
8
13
19
16
20
26
23

98
77
60
70
59
55
62
45
32
33
59

24
29
30
27

25
32
46
64
76
71
103
94
123
211
362

9
12
11
20
20
19
24
18
11
28
31

23
54
80
99
78

33

22
42
20
18
16
19
14
25
26

45
15
38
10
39
9
61
13
36
19
34
73
* Average am ounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not show n.
See p. 255 for note on this table.




E q u ip 
m ent for
gam es
and
sports
(7)

O th eri
(8)

$1
2
2
4
8
9
9
12
16
13
27
24
59

$9
9
12
15
21
22
30
37
41
62
56
101
129
242

1
2
2
3
8
12
6
13

9
10
10
14
21
17
25
34
44

1
3
4
5
9
5
10
4

1
2
2
9
10
6
13
12

5
19
22
18
34
34
39
40

4
2
4
3
7
5
10
9
12
18
30

2
4
6
9
8
13
17
18
29
30
37

10
14
25
32
41
34
62
49
71
135
264

5
4
3
6
9

5
3
3
6
12

20
21
24
36
33

$1
2
3
3
6
4
9
6
11
9
15
13
38
1
2
2
3
5
4
10
8

(*)

(*)

253

TABULAR SUMMARY
R O C K Y M O U N TA IN , 2 M ID D L E-SIZED CITIES

9.— R e c re a tio n : A verage m oney expenditure fo r recreation of specified ty p e s ,
by occupation , fa m ily ty p et and incom e , in 1 year , 1 98 5-86 — Continued

T able

Number of families
Occupational group, family
type, and income class
(1)
Salaried business and pro
fessional—C ontinued
$2,250-$2,499................................ .
$2,500-$2,999__..........................__
$3,000-$3,499.............................
$3,500-$3,999.................................
$4,000-$4,999_........ ...................
$5,000 and over..............................
Family type: Type 1
$250-fl>499
$500-$749.........................................
$750-$999__...................................
$1,000-$!,249___________ _____
$1,250-$1,499.......... ...................
$1,500-$1,749..................................
$1,750-$1,999...................................
$2,000-$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499.................................
$2,500-$2,999............ ...............
$3,000-$3,499.................................
$3,500-$3,999_.................................
$4,000-$4,999.............................. .
$5,000 and over______ ________
Types II and III
$250-$499.........................................
$500-$749..................................... .
$750-$999................................... .
$1,000-$1,249...................................
$1,250-$1.499__.......... ...................
$1,500-$1,749...................................
$1,750-$1,999..............................
$2,000~$2,249...................................
$2,250-$2,499....................... ...........
$2,500-$2,999......................... .........
$3,000-$3,499._............................. .
$3,500-$3,999................................ .
$4,000-$4,999_ - ..............................
$5,000 and over.............................
Types IV and V
$950-35499

$500-$749........................................
$750-$999........................................
$1,000-$1,249..................................
$1,250-$1,499_................................
$1,500-$1,749__...............................
$1,750-$1,999..................................
$2,000-$2,249__...............................
$2,250-$2,499......................... .........
$2,500-$2,999_.................................
$3,000-$3,499_.................................
$3,500-$3,999...................................
$4,000-$4,999...................................
$5,000 and over............................

Average money expenditure for recreation
Paid admissions

Eligible

Report
ing ex
pendi
tures

Total

(2)

(3)

(4)

Movies

Other

Equip
ment for
games
and
sports

(5)

(6)

(7)

73
93
90
47
46
42

33
34
38
29
21
16

$80
117
107
187
176
398

$21
20
27
22
23
47

23
115
149
283
287
267
239
162
134
37
38
22
21
36

4
11
17
30
28
32
35
29
24
19
12
10
7
9

14
21
19
24
32
50
61
77
68
95
96
176
220
238

11
5
10
12
13
14
22
19
16
20
14
16
8

17
86
167
297
327
325
304
172
114
46
36
26
20
20

18
25
55
60
58
63
62
44
27
19
21
11
11

8

13
13
29
40
52
51
65
84
92
114
97
140
180
464

9

32
113
195
252
227
243
185
167
72
61
31
38
45

4

8

24
42
48

43
53
57
52
30
27
16
19
15

8

36
17
25
34
50
52
72
85
117
110
168
181
449

(*)

$9
16
11
26
20
90

$42
69
61
122
123
212

1
2
3
3
6
5
12
4
10
7
20
14
33

1
1
2
2
3
9
8
13
6
19
18
42
30
31

13
8
10
9
14
22
34
30
39
50
51
100
160
166

1
2
3
4

1
2
3
7

10
12
13
14
20
19
19
25
21
27
51

33

6
6

1

6

9

4
7
9
9

13
9
17
20
13
12
14

8
10
9

2
2

8

3

22

5
4

55

13
10
15
15
43

•Average amounts of less than $1 and percentages of less than 0.1 are not shown.
See p. 255 for note on this table.




(8)

$8
12
8
17
10
49

7
6
6

10
12
16
27
26
26
26
18
30

Other

8
6

83

(*)

1
1

2

3

5
6
6

13
12
11
29
26
71

6
5
19
24
29
23
34
48
47
66

51
97
130
297
1
29
6
11
16
24
20
31
40
66
63

106
110
280

Footnotes for Tables in Expenditure Tabular Summary
R o c k y M o u n t a in , M id d l e -S iz e d C i t ie s : B u t t e a n d P u e b l o
table

1

JSee glossary, appendix B, tor eligibility requirements.
* Money income is equal to the sum of money expenditure (column 7) plus net surplus or deficit (column
8) plus net balancing difference (column 9).
3 Nonmoney income from housing includes imputed income from owned family or vacation homes plus
rent received as pay or gift (average amounts based on all families, whether or not they reported such non
money income).
4 Includes purchase on cash or credit basis. Does not include money disbursements resulting in an increase
in family assets or a decrease in liabilities. (Examples of disbursements not treated as expenditures will be
found in the glossary, appendix B.)
* See glossary, appendix B, for definitions of surplus and deficit.
* Represents the average net difference between reported money receipts and reported money disburse
ments. See glossary, appendix B. A maximum balancing difference within 5.5 percent was allowable on
each schedule.
TABLE 1-A
1 A surplus represents an increase in assets or a decrease in liabilities, or both; a deficit represents a decrease
in assets or an increase in liabilities, or both.
* Some families reported neither surplus nor deficit for the year; therefore the sum of columns 5 and 6
does not always equal 100 percent.
* Since the average amounts in these two columns are based on the number of families reporting surplus
or deficit, respectively, they do not add to the average net surplus or deficit shown in column 4 for all families.
TABLE 2
i The averages in this table include money expenditure for goods and services purchased on either cash or
credit basis. They do not include value of goods and services received without money expense. Averages
are based on all families, whether or not they reported expenditures for the specified categories.
1 Housing expenditures include the money expense of home owners and rent contracted for by renting
families for family homes and other housing. The value of fuel, light, and refrigeration is included when
furnished by the landlord and included in the rental rate.
8 Includes all expenditure for operation and maintenance (see table 8), and the net purchase price (gross
price less trade-in allowance) of automobiles bought during the schedule year. The proportion of automo
bile expense chargeable to business has been deducted. See glossary, appendix B.
4 Includes paid admissions, equipment and supplies for games, sports and other recreation, club dues, and
the like. Does not include expense for transportation, food, or lodging while on vacation.
8 Taxes include only poll, income, and personal property taxes. All other taxes, such as those on real
estate, amusements and retail sales taxes are included as a part of the expenditure for these items. Gifts
do not Include gifts from one member of the economic family to another.
TABLE 8
i Includes expenditures for board at school, which amounted to less than 5 percent of average food expense
for all families except those with incomes of $3,600 to $3,999 and those with incomes of $5,000 and over. Among
families in the business and professional categories, it amounted at most to an average of $84, at the income
level $3,500 to $3,999. For families of types TV and V, it amounted at most to an average of $127, at the
i ncome level $5,000 and over.
8 See glossary, appendix B, for method of deriving this figure.
TABLE 4
1 Includes housing expenditure for both owners and renters. Average amounts for renting families are
based on rental rate contracted for. Value of fuel, light, and refrigeration included when furnished by the
landlord and included in the rental rate. See table 4-A for percentage of families for whom those facilities
were included as part of the rental rate.
8 See table 4-A for separation of expense for owning and renting families.
8 Includes net money expenditure for owned or rented vacation homes, lodging while traveling or on
vacation, and room at school.
4 See glossary, appendix B, for method of deriving this figure. Includes nonmoney income from owned
vacation homes, which amounted at most to an average of $3 for all families, at the income level $2,250
to $2,499.
8 Percentages based on the average value of all housing (column 8).

254




TABULAR SUMMARY

255

TABLE 4-A
1 These two percentages do not always add to 100, since families that both owned and rented during the
year, or received rent as gift or pay, are not included in columns 4 through 7.
2 Percentages based on renting families reporting these facilities included in rent at the end of the schedule
year.
TABLE 5
1 Excludes value of fuel, light, and refrigeration furnished by the landlord and included in the rental rate.
Fuel received without money expense is not included in this average, but amounted to less than 5 percent
of money expense for fuel, light, and refrigeration for all families with incomes of $1,250 and over.
* See glossary, appendix B, for items included.
TABLE 6
i Value of clothing gifts from one family member to another are included in the average expenditure for
the member receiving such gifts. Gifts of clothing to or from individuals outside the economic family are
excluded.
* For families of type I, averages and percentages shown in columns 7 and 10 are for individuals who were
members of the economic family less than 27 weeks, and were therefore not considered equivalent members
in determining family type. See glossary, appendix B, for methods of classifying families by type.
TABLE 7
i See glossary, appendix B, for items included.
TABLE 8
1 To obtain the average cost of operation for families owning automobiles, divide the average shown in
this column by the corresponding figure in column 4 and multiply by 100.
2 To obtain the average net purchase price (gross price less trade-in allowance) for families purchasing
automobiles, divide the average shown in this column by the corresponding figure in column 5 and multiply
by 100.
TABLE 9
>See glossary, appendix B, for items included.




Appendix A
Sampling Procedure in Cities of the West Central-Rocky
M ountain Region
T h e Controlled Sample

Several considerations prompted the decision to employ a relatively
unique sampling procedure in the Study of Consumer Purchases.
The Study aimed to describe expenditure patterns of families of
different size and composition regardless of their numerical importance
in the community as a whole. It was necessary therefore to restrict
the number of schedules obtained from the more numerous elements
of the population and to secure a disproportionate number from the
rarer groups. These controls facilitate the type of analysis which
“holds other things equal” while the effect of a given factor is inves
tigated. When an equal number of cases is secured for families of
given type, occupation, and income, it is much easier to study changes
in expenditure patterns with increase in income, holding occupation,
and family type relatively constant. In addition, since the collection
of statistics on family expenditures is very time-consuming and re
quires great skill, it was necessary to limit the number of schedules
secured to a minimum which would yield reliable generalizations.
The present study attempted to throw light on the expenditure pat
terns of all classes of the population—high income groups as well as
low, families deriving their incomes primarily from business and
professional occupations as well as the clerical and wage-earner
groups.
Still another consideration was the desire to provide results which
would be comparable from one city to another and in different regions
of the country, minimizing or controlling the differences in racial,
nativity, or occupational composition of the population in each place.
From the point of view of comparability with future studies, further
more, the restriction of the Study to an American-born population was
deemed advisable since the control of immigration is resulting in a
progressively larger proportion of native-born individuals in this
country.
A “controlled sample” accompanied by a random sample seemed to
meet all of these requirements.1 Appendix A of volume I presented a
i The use of a “controlled sample” was proposed in “A suggested plan for an inquiry iuto the economic
and social well-being of the American people” prepared by a special committee of the Social Science Research
Council in September 1920. The circumstances under which the present study was conducted made possible
a large preliminary random sample and thus permitted the selection of families for the expenditure survey
by income, occupation, and family type.
256




SAMPLING PROCEDURE

257

detailed description of the sampling procedure used in the Study of a
random sample of families in seven communities of the West CentralRocky Mountain region.2 The present discussion will be concerned
primarily with the controlled sample in the two large communities
of Denver, Colo., and Omaha, Nebr.-Council Bluffs, Iowa 3 and in
the four middle-sized cities: Dubuque, Iowa; Springfield, Mo.; Butte,
Mont.; and Pueblo, Colo. Both the collection and tabulation plans
of the Study provided that data on expenditures secured from families
in Dubuque, Iowa, and Springfield, Mo., were to be combined to
yield a pattern of expenditure for families in middle-sized cities of the
West Central region which could be compared with the expenditures
of families in the large city studied in this region. It was recognized
that there would be an insufficient number of families in any one
middle-sized city to provide a large enough sample for tabulation by
the controls desired, but together the middle-sized cities would have
a large enough population to yield the desired quota of families of the
type to be studied. Similarly schedules from families in Pueblo,
Colo., and Butte, Mont., were to be tabulated together as the middlesized city unit of the Rocky Mountain region.
General collection 'procedure.—Before turning to the method by which
the sample was controlled, a brief description of the general sampling
and collection procedure of the Study is presented.
The information of the Consumer Purchases Study was secured
through interviews of families by field agents who recorded the in
formation given by family members upon the schedule form shown on
page 270.4 The addresses of families to be interviewed were obtained
by a random sampling of the addresses listed in the city directory in
current use for each city. The first field agent assigned to each family
obtained the “record card” information (which related primarily to
nativity and number of persons in the family) and if the family proved
to contain husband and wife, both native-born white who had been
married at least a year, a “family schedule” (covering data on family
membership composition, occupation, and income) was obtained in the
» T h e cities for w h ich incom e data were described in v o l. I included the small c ity of B illin g s, M o n t ., in
addition to the six com m unities w ith w h ich this volu m e is concerned. Exp e n d itu re data for B illin g s w ill
be published b y the B u re a u of H o m e Econom ics.
* O m aha and C o u n c il Bluffs were treated as one urb a n c o m m u n ity corresponding to a large c ity because of
their p ro x im ity to each other and because the ir com bined population m ade them com parable w ith the large
c ity of D e n v e r.
« A n investigation of fa m ily incom e and consum ption b y means of schedules filled after the end of the
report year is confronted w ith questions concerning the degree of accuracy w ith w h ich families m a y be ex
pected to rem em ber details of expenditures m ade over a period of 12 m onths. I t is a d m itte d ly impossible
to obtain b y the schedule m ethod precise records of expenditures for each ite m included in fa m ily liv in g .
I t is believed, however, tha t accuracy sufficient for the purposes of generalization can be achieved.
One
means tow ard this end followed b y the S tu d y of Consum er Purchases was the use of h ig h ly detailed sched
ule forms w h ich served to re m in d families of the w ide v a rie ty of items for w h ich the y m ig h t have incurred
expenditures d u rin g the year. Such schedules, filled through painstaking interview s, provided data that in
the great m a jo rity of cases u n d o u b te d ly represented closely the spending patterns of the families interview ed.




258

WEST CENTRAlr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

same interview.® The random sample in Denver, where a 20-percent
coverage was taken, yielded 17,219 families; of these, 9,433 were
of the nativity and membership composition asked to give the family
schedule information. In Omaha-Council Bluffs, a 32-percent sample
provided record cards for 21,028 families of which 12,056 were eligible
for the family schedule study. A 60-percent random sample was taken
in Springfield and a 100-percent sample in Dubuque. These samples
in the two West Central middle-sized cities supplied 21,061 record
cards representing families; the information on 13,541 of these record
cards showed the family to be eligible for the family schedule inter
view. The combined family population of Butte and Pueblo (the
two middle-sized cities surveyed in the Rocky Mountain region) as
determined by a 100-pereent coverage in each city, was approximately
22,502; of these families, 10,857 met the eligibility requirements for the
family schedule interview.
When the family schedule was returned to the office, it was edited
for completeness and consistency. The total family income was com
puted, and codes for the income, occupation, and family type were
placed on the card. If the family proved to belong to the group from
which expenditure information was desired (on the basis of the con
trols described below) a different field agent was assigned to secure such
data. The second agent explained to the family the purpose and plan
of the expenditure study and then proceeded to obtain the details
called for on the “expenditure schedule.” (See schedule form, p. 270.)
In the course of this second interview the field agent also reviewed
with the family selected items reported on the family schedule. Each
family selected for the controlled sample was asked not only for the
expenditure schedule information, but also for the detailed check list
data. Check list forms and check list data will be presented in later
bulletins. Expenditure schedules were obtained from 1,346 Denver
families, from 1,023 families in Omaha-Council Bluffs, from 1,187
families in Butte-Pueblo and from 1,244 families in Dubuque-Springfield. Of the families giving expenditure data in these communities,
3,664 families also gave detailed food check lists and 3,937 reported
the furnishings and equipment check list detail. In addition, informa
tion on the clothing check list was supplied for 13,400 family members
in this controlled sample. Of the three types of check lists, more than
one-fourth were provided by families in Denver; slightly less than onefourth by Omaha-Council Bluffs families; while the remaining twofourths represented data from families in the four middle-sized cities.
When the expenditure schedules and check lists were returned to the
office, a careful editing and arithmetic check of the entries took place.
The repeated and careful editing of each schedule for reasonableness
* I n ad ditio n to the regular sample, a smaller sample consisting of foreign-born and Negro families and of
Incomplete na tive w h ite families was asked to give the fa m ily schedule data.




SAMPLING PROCEDURE

259

and internal consistency was of vital importance to the quality of the
schedules obtained. This process helped not only to identify schedules
that were wholly or partly fictitious, but also to correct errors arising
from unintentional mistakes on the part of the family or the inter
viewer. The complexity of the schedule and the interdependence of
many sections made intelligent editing at once vitally necessary and
unusually effective for attaining reasonable accuracy in the results.
Every expenditure schedule had to meet certain requirements before
it was acceptable for tabulation. The more important of these were:
(1) That the schedule meet certain standards with respect to com
pleteness. Schedules were considered sufficiently complete for tabu
lation if the total expenses of all major groups of items were reported.
Thus, because of the limitation of time and funds toward the close of
the field work schedules were considered acceptable even though the
expenditure for every specific item was not recorded. In general, how
ever, relatively few schedules contained unknown expense items since
section totals were usually secured by addition of the expenses for
specific items.
(2) That the information given appeared to be reliable. None of
the standards for acceptability of expenditure schedules was so con
strued as to permit the acceptance for tabulation of a schedule which
was considered unreliable by either the field agent or the supervisor.
A schedule with many unexplained omissions and inconsistencies was
withheld from tabulation on the grounds of unreliability, even though,
strictly speaking, it fell within the definition of an acceptable schedule.
(3) That the discrepancy between receipt and disbursements did
not exceed 5.5 percent. This is referred to as the “balancing differ
ence” and is described in the glossary.
(4) That additional information secured during the expenditure
interview did not make the family “ineligible” for an expenditure
schedule according to the eligibility requirements shown below.
Schedules which were unacceptable for tabulation were returned to
the agent or to a check interviewer who attempted to secure the miss
ing information from the family, or, in the case of too large a balancing
difference, an effort was made to determine whether the income or
the expenditure data, or both were in error.
A random sample of no less than one out of every five of the first
expenditure schedules submitted by each agent was checked with the
family by a member of the supervisory staff. Later a larger or smaller
proportion was checked as conditions warranted, but never less than
1 in 20 schedules was “check-interviewed,” and fictitious schedules or
serious errors were thus caught. The early results of rechecking deter
mined, in the case of each agent, whether his work should be more or
less intensively checked thereafter, or whether he should be dismissed.




260

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

On the whole, the percentage of agents guilty of deliberate falsifica
tion was very small.
C ontrols o f elig ib ility requirem ents .—Only families having specified
characteristics were asked to give information on their expenditures.
The characteristics of the families treated as eligible for the controlled
sample in the West Central-Rocky Mountain region were as follows:

1. N ativity and color .—White families in which both the husband and wife
were born in continental United States or Alaska.
2. F am ily com position.—Families in which the husband and wife had been
married at least 1 year and families in which both husband and wife were de
pendent on a common income for at least 27 weeks of the schedule year. Families
of types I to V as defined in the glossary, page 276. Data secured from family
type II were tabulated and analyzed with data from type III. Similarly data for
types IV and V were pooled in the computation of averages and percentages.
3. N onrelief status.—Families not having received relief during the schedule
year.
4. L iving arrangements.—Families maintaining housekeeping quarters for at
least 9 months during the schedule year.
5. Roomers and boarders.—Families not having roomers or boarders, or families
having not more than the equivalent of one roomer and/or boarder for the year.
(Sons and daughters or other relatives with separate incomes, from whom it was
impossible to obtain complete information on expenditures were treated as board
ers or as guests, depending on whether they paid the family for room or board).
6. Guests.—Families with not more than the equivalent of one guest for half a
year (26 guest weeks). (If guest lived with the family for 27 weeks or more the
family was not asked to give the expenditure data.)
7. Occupational group.—Six occupational groups. Families were classified in the
occupational group from which the major part of their earnings was secured. In
the collection and tabulation of the data on expenditures, however, no distinction
was made between independent professional and independent business groups in
the Denver and Omaha-Council Bluffs sample. In the middle-sized cities, the
salaried business group was not separated from the salaried professional group.
Also, the independent professional group was not separated from the independent
business families. (See table 1, and glossary, p. 277.)
8. Incom e class.—In Denver and in Omaha-Council Bluffs, families in the income
class $500-$750 to $7,500 and over. In the four middle-sized cities, families in
the income group of $250-$500 to $5,000 and over. The income classes eligible
varied with the different occupational groups.

Since families in the business and professional categories were rela
tively infrequent at the lower income levels and since the same was
true of wage-earner and clerical families at the upper levels, it seemed
inadvisable to attempt to secure data from the same income classes
for each occupational group. Not only would it have been very timeconsuming and expensive to locate the infrequent occupational groups
at the extremes of the income scale, but expenditure data secured from
such families would not have been representative of any large group.
Therefore, in the income level under $1,250 in the large communities
and under $1,000 in the middle-sized cities, the expenditure study was
limited to families in the wage-earner and clerical groups. At the
higher income brackets of $2,500 and over—the wage-earner and



SAMPLING PROCEDURE

261

clerical groups were relatively infrequent. Families of business and
professional persons on the other hand, predominated at the highest
income levels in the white group, so it was from such occupational
groups that the expenditure patterns of relatively high income families
were secured.
The classification of families on the basis of the three controls of
income class, occupational group, and family type constitutes what has
been referred to in this manuscript as a “cell.” Since the number of
cases to be secured in each cell was limited to six, it was of paramount
importance to obtain randomness in the selection of families for these
“cells.” Great care was therefore taken to guard against the intro
duction of a bias. Even the first small random sample would have
yielded all the desired cases for the most frequent population groups.
If the cells drawn from the modal population group had been filled from
the first sample, they would have been much more homogeneous with
respect to the period covered by the data than cells which represent
the less frequent population groups, and any greater variability within
the latter cells might have been attributed to income, occupation, or
family type while it might actually have been due to price changes
occurring while the Study was in progress. This possible bias was
minimized by the provision that not more than 50 percent of the cases
in cells representing the most frequent population groups were to be
chosen from any one of the series of random samples secured in the
family income survey and that all expenditure schedules which were
discarded later because income and expenditures did not balance
should be replaced by cases drawn from recent samples. It is recog
nized, however, that these provisions did not entirely eliminate the
bias introduced by the time element.
An effort was made to obtain six families of each occupational group
or combination of groups in most cells. The number of families called
for by plans which were formulated prior to the field work is shown in
table 1. Insofar as practicable, the collection staff attempted to
secure the number of schedules shown in this plan. In the course of the
survey, it was observed that the original plans tended to eliminate too
many of the lower income wage-earner and clerical families in Denver
and Omaha-Council Bluffs, so the eligibility requirements were altered
so as to include such families. Similarly, there appeared to be a suffi
ciently large number of wage-earner and clerical families with incomes
between $2,250 and $2,500 in the middle-sized cities to justify extend
ing the upper income limits of the eligible group to include this income
class. The number of expenditure schedules obtained and used in the
tabulations varies somewhat from the number shown in the plans.
(See table 1.) The discrepancies may be attributed to several factors,
the most important of which was the fact that families of specified
types at certain income levels were not sufficiently numerous to yield




262

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

the desired number of schedules. Furthermore, not all families from
which expenditure data were desired contributed the information.
Some had moved out of the city, others could not be found at home,
while still others were unable or unwilling to give the detailed informa
tion requested. Of the schedules which were secured, a number had
to be discarded because of inconsistency, incompleteness, or unrelia
bility of data shown.
T a b l e 1.— Num ber of schedules desired and number obtained in controlled sam ple
[Nonrelief native white complete families]
Wage earner

Salaried

Clerical

Professional

Income class

Independent
business and
professional

Business

Ob
De
De
De
Ob
Ob
De
Ob
De
Ob
sired 1 tained sired * tained sired 1 tained sired * tained sired 1 tained
D EN V E R
Under $250________
$250-$499_..................
$500-$749 ..................
$750-$999._................
$1,000-$1,249..............
$1,250-$1,499..............
$1,500-$1,749_............
$1,750-$1,999.............
$2,000-$2,249.............
$2,250-$2,499_............
$2,500-$2,999_............
$3,000-$3,499.............
$aJ5nn-$aJQQQ
$4,000-$4,999 . _
$5,000-$7,499 ___
$7,500 and over-----Under $250________
$250-$499 ..................
$500-$749 ..................
$750-$999 ..................
$1,000-$1,249_______
$1,95ft-$1,499
$1,fl0ft-$1,749

$2,000-$2,249._..........
$2,250-$2,499_______
$2,500-$2,999.............
$3,000-$3,499_______
$3,500-$3,999_...........
$4,000-$4,999__.........
$5,000-$7,499
$7,500 and over

30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30

19
38
49
44
47
38
32
32
28

30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30

14
31
46
31
40
25
33
18
19

30
30
30
30
30
30
30

20
32
34
35
39
33
35
43

30
30
30
30
30
30
30

19
29
36
36
32
33
32
32

30
15
30
17
30
27
30
27
30
27
30
39
24
30
13
15
28
15
13
15
4
15
O M AHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS

30
30
30
30
30
30
30
15
15
15
15

8
14
19
18
13
26
13
11
8
5

30
30
30
30
30
30
30
15
15
15
15

16
16
27
24
22
33
23
18
24
17
8

30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30

23
29
35
25
31
27
30
23
29
21
13

30
30
30
30
30
30
30
15
15
15
15

8
20
21
18
19
23
23
13
20
13
7

30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30

24
23
22
20
16
26
15
13
21
13
4

i Equally distributed among 5 family types. See p. 276 for description of family types.

Another obstacle to an exact control of the number of schedules
in each cell resulted from shifts in the cell classification of families
after the detailed interview on expenditure data. The income class
in which the family was classified on the basis of the relatively short
family schedule interview did not always correspond with the income
class in which the family fell on the basis of the interview for expend
itures. The shifts arose partly from the fact that the methods of
computing income differed slightly for the two schedules, and partly
from the fact that sources of income which the family had forgotten



263
to mention to the agent obtaining the family schedule data occa
sionally came to light in the course of the long interview in connection
with the discussion of expenditures.6 In general, these shifts were
SAMPLING PROCEDURE

T

able

1.— Number

of schedules desired and number obtained in controlled sam ple —

Continued

[Nonrelief native white complete families]
Professional and business
Salaried
Independent
Income class
De
Ob
De
De
Ob
Ob
De
Ob
sired 1 tained sired i tained sired 1 tained sired i tained
M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES OF THE ROCKY M O UN TAIN REGION 2
Under $250................................................
16
$250-$499....................................................
30
30
25
12
$500-$749...................................................
30
$750-$999...................................................
30
43
23
30
41
30
14
48
30
30
$1,000-$1,249........................... ..................
30
24
51
31
30
30
$1,250-$1,499____________ __________
30
25
30
29
41
30
$1,500-$1,749........................... ...........
30
36
30
26
30
30
49
39
$1,750-$l,999..............................................
30
30
30
36
30
27
41
$2,000-$2,249......................... ....................
30
34
40
30
30
30
33
$2,250-$2,499.............................................
28
37
30
33
30
22
34
$2,500-$2,999........................... ..................
30
30
42
$3,000-$3,499............................................
30
38
30
20
30
$3,500-$3,999......................... ....................
29
30
18
21
$4,000-$4,999...... ........................ ...............
30
30
16
30
$5,000 and over ___________________
16
30
19
M IDDLE-SIZED CITIES OF THE W EST CENTRAL REGIONS
Under $250___ ______ ______________
$250-$499__________________________
30
31
29
$500-$749_________ _________________
30
38
30
29
$750-$999.................. .................................
30
43
30
41
$1,000-$1,249..............................................
30
30
49
30
31
30
36
33
$1,250-$1,499_......................... ..................
44
30
27
30
30
30
35
31
$1,500~$1,749.......................................— .
30
39
30
37
30
30
33
42
$1,750-$1,999__.....................................—
30
36
30
30
27
30
39
$2,000-$2,249..............................................
36
30
35
30
37
30
30
23
$2,250-$2,499..............................................
30
28
28
27
30
26
34
$2,50O-$2,999..............................................
30
30
28
30
35
$3,000-$3,499..............................................
30
19
30
23
$3,500-$3,999..............................................
30
24
24
30
$4,000-$4,999..........................................
30
18
$fi(nn0 And o v e r _
30
20
30
26
Wage earner

Clerical

i Equally distributed among 5 family types. See p. 276 for description of family types.
* Butte, Mont., and Pueblo, Colo.
s Dubuque, Iowa, and Springfield, Mo.
« Because of the extensive coverage of the family income survey, it was necessary to keep the time of the
family schedule interview as short as possible. On that account information on the expenses of an owned
home other than interest payments was not obtained from the families covered in the large random sample.
Therefore, in estimating nonmoney income from home ownership for the income report, it was necessary to
resort to a table of estimated average expenses at given rental values. During the expenditures interview,
however, figures were obtained on expenses such as taxes, repairs, special assessments, and insurance; and
thus a revised figure on the nonmoney income from owned home was computed by subtracting the actual
rather than the estimated expenses.
Similarly, for families having boarders the income figure on the family schedule included the estimated net
income from boarders after deductions had been made for the cost of food; these deductions varied with the
amount of the payment for board and were estimated on the basis of data secured in the Bureau of Labor
Statistics Study of Money Disbursements of Wage Earners and Clerical Workers. At the time of the ex
penditure schedule interview, detailed information was obtained on the food expenditures of the family,
from which it was possible to compute more accurately the money expense for boarders’ food, and thus to
gauge more correctly the net income from boarders.
No attempt was made at the time of the family schedule interview to determine nonmoney income from
an owned vacation home. This figure was obtained, however, from information secured during the expend
iture interview, and is included in the income figure by which families in the controlled sample were
classified.
Furthermore, rent received as a gift is not included in the income figure of the family schedule but it was
taken into account in deriving the income classification of families giving expenditure data.

125019°— 40----- 18




264

WEST CENTRALr-ROGKY MOUNTAIN REGION

compensating and nvolved changes of only one income interval to
the next higher or lower income class.
Changes in the family type classification also resulted from the
longer interview, largely because of differences in the definition of
the economic family. Whereas all related persons living under the
same roof, or eating at least two meals daily with the family and whose
income could be ascertained were included in coding the family type
for purposes of the family schedule tabulation, only persons dependent
on a common family fund whose expenditures could also be ascer
tained were regarded as members of the economic family in the con
trolled sample. The discrepancies in the codes resulting from these
differences, however, were negligible. The shifts in occupational code
resulting from the longer interview also were relatively infrequent.
Aside from the effect of discrepancies arising from different defini
tions of the economic family, the longer interview brought to light
additional facts concerning the net earnings of various family mem
bers. Detailed information on automobile expenditure, for example,
occasionally revealed a different and more accurate figure for occu
pational expenses than that which had been deducted when reporting
the net earnings of family members in the family schedule interview.
The above discussion of changes in cell code has been presented
primarily to give the reader some insight into the type of problems
involved in obtaining equal numbers of cases in each cell in the con
trolled sample.7 Since the final classification of families into family
type, income, and occupational group was prepared during the final
office edit of an expenditure schedule, it was inevitable that changes
would tend to increase the number of schedules in some cells and
decrease others.
Weighting the controlled sample.—Having limited the number of
schedules obtained from families in different income, occupational,
or family type groups, it is obviously impossible to treat the results
as though they comprised a random sample and constituted a pro
portional cross section of each of the elements of the population. It
is not valid, for example, to add together the expenditures of an equal
number of wage earners, clerical, and business and professional
workers at the $1,250 to $1,500 income level in a city and assume that
the resulting figure represents the expenditures of families as a whole
in this income bracket. Such an assumption would be justifiable only
if (a) the expenditures of the different occupational groups were iden
tical within an income class or if (b) the random sample contained an
equal number of families in each occupational group at the given in7 In the middle-sized cities a further obstacle to obtaining the exact number of schedules desired in each
cell arose from the fact that schedules from two rather widely separated cities were used to fill each cell. Since
the collection of schedules was being carried on simultaneously unavoidable duplication resulted because
some assignments in each city yielded schedules at the same time.




SAMPLING PROCEDURE

265

come class. Since one of the purposes of the present study was to
discover whatever variations there may be in the expenditure patterns
of families in different occupational groups, the first assumption was
obviously precluded. As for the second assumption, the random
sample analyses have revealed great differences in the proportions of
families in the various occupational groups, so simple summation of
the expenditures of the several groups will not yield an accurate
picture of family disbursements. Family types or income brackets
also should not be combined without first taking into account the
number of cases in the random sample of eligible families.
All expenditure averages and percentages of families reporting
specified expenditures shown in the Tabular Summary and text
tables are weighted by the frequency of eligible families in the con
stituent groups.8 Thus, the figures for each occupational group at
each income level were derived by weighting or multiplying the aver
ages for the constituent family type groups by the number of eligible
cases in each. Similarly the averages for each family type have been
weighted by the frequency of the different occupational groups in
given family types. Furthermore, the averages for each income
bracket have been built up by weighting the occupational averages
which in turn have been weighted by the family type averages. If
the reader is interested in further combinations of data by income
level, he should multiply the averages shown for such income levels
by the number of eligible families in each. The weights for each
income class are shown in column 4 of tables 2a to 2d. These tables
also enable the reader to compare the eligible sample of native white
complete families with the random sample of all native white complete
families.
s Shifts in cells presented some difficulty in preparing the basic tabulations, namely, expenditure schedules
appeared in cells for which no weights were available since no eligible cases had been classified in these
cells in the tabulation of the random sample. It was decided to give cells in which no random sample
schedules were secured but in which expenditure schedules appeared a weight equivalent to the number of
expenditure schedules appearing in the tabulations. These arbitrary weights would tend to make the
number of families in the city appear greater than was actually found but counterbalancing these added
weights was the fact that a number of cells which contained eligible cases in the random sample had no
expenditure schedules, and thus were not utilized.




WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

266

T able 2a. — Income distribution of fam ilies in Denver , Colo., and of different
sam ples obtained; showing relation of controlled sam ple to random sam ples
Native white complete families4
Income class

Total families_____________________ _____
Under $250............................................................
$250-$499............................................................ __
$500-$749_............................... ............................
$750-$999........................... - ______ ________
$1,000-$1,249.........................................................
$1,250-$1,499..........................................................
$1,500-$1,749.................................................. .
$1,750-$1,999........................... ............................
$2,000-$2,249............ ............................................
$2,250-$2,499........................................................
$2,500-$2,999..........................................................
$3,000-$3,499-.......... - — ................................
$3,500-$3,999.....................................................
$4,000-$4,999..........................................................
$5,000 and over.....................................................

All families
(relief and All relief
nonrelief)1 and
non
relief

All non
relief

(1)

(2)

(3)

86,095
5,587
7,217
9,229
9,861
10,247
7,599
6,993
5,876
5,318
3, 557
5,078
2,998
1,947
2,062
2,526

49,157
1,336
2,724
4,301
4,960
5,764
4,811
4,840
4,210
3, 716
2,470
3,469
2,100
1, 255
1,486
1,715

42,356
356
906
2,047
4,003
5,362
4,582
4,788
4,186
3,682
2,460
3,452
2,093
1,256
1,474
1,709

Eligible
for con Controlled
trolled
sample
sample (nonrelief)3
(nonrelief)8
(4)
(5)

966
2,622
3,522
3,870
4,032
3,492
3,240
2,142
2,976
1,038
726
1,020
1,344

19
58
81
132
144
166
141
147
170
77
54
81
76

1 Includes all complete and incomplete native and foreign white and Negro families. (See vol. I, Tabular
Summary, sec. A.)
* These figures are the weights for the controlled samples. It includes 6 occupational groups and 5 family
types (see eligibility requirements p. 260). Due to cell shifts (see discussion p. 261) the number of eligible
families used in weighting differs slightly from the number of eligible families obtained on the basis of the
family schedule interview.
* Unweighted count of the number of expenditure schedules secured in 6 occupational groups and 6 family
types.
4 Figures in columns 1,2,3, and 4 represent the estimated number in a 100-percent coverage of the city.
2 b . — Incom e distribution of fam ilies in m iddle-sized cities 1 of the Rocky
M ountain region , showing relation of controlled sam ple to random sam ples

T able

Income class

T n t.a l fam ilffts

Under $250______________________________
$250-$499.............................................................. ..
$500-$749......................................... ............... — .
$750-$999..........................................................
$1,000-$1,249........................................... ...................
$1,250-$1,499............................... .......................... ..
$1,500-$1,749........................ ...........................................
$1,750-$1,999...........................................................................
$2,000-$2,249............................................. .............................
$2,250-$2,499................................... .............................
$2,500-$2,999..................................... ...........................
$3,000-$3,499....................................... ........................
$3,500-$3,999__........................ .................................
$4,000-$4,999..........................................................
$5,000 and over__...............................................

Native white complete families
All families
in com
bined cities All relief
Eligible for
(relief and
non controlled Controlled
non Allrelief
sample
nonrelief) 8 and
sample
relief
(nonrelief)3 (nonrelief)4
(1)

(2)

22, 399
1,414
2, 618
3,080
2,449
2,280
2,423
1,992
1,694
1, 266
987
1,009
538
280
208
211

11,240
338
779
1,239
1,139
1, 328
1, 334
1, 222
1,134
745
588
582
343
176
140
153

(3)
8,812
58
154
448
771
1,143
1, 253
1,170
1,111
736
581
575
341
177
138
156

(4)

(5)

49
233
429
775
866
819
786
519
415
155
135
79
79
101

16
37
66
127
136
133
151
148
120
76
58
47
37
35

1 Butte, M ont., and Pueblo, Colo.
* Estimated from samples. Includes all complete and incomplete native, foreign white and Negro fami
lies. (See vol. I, Tabular Summary, sec. A.)
8 Includes only 6 occupational groups and 6 family types. (See eligibility requirements p. 260.) These
figures are the weights for the controlled sample. Due to cell shifts (see discussion p. 261) the number of
eligible families used in weighting differs slightly from the number of eligible families obtained on the basis
of the family schedule interview.
4 Unweighted count of the number of expenditure schedules secured in 6 occupational groups and 5 family

types.




SAMPLING PROCEDURE

267

T a b l e 2 c . — Incom e d istribu tion of fa m ilies in O m aha, N ebr.-C ouncil B lu ffs, Iow a,

and of different sam ples obtained; showing relation of controlled sam ple to random
sam ples
Income class

Total families.
Under $250___
$250-$499...........
$500-$749_.........
$750-$999_........
$1,000-$1,249__
$1,250-$1,499__
$1,500-$1,749__
$1,750-$1,999—
$2,000-$2,249__
$2,250-$2,499__
$2,500-$2,999__
$3,000-$3,499__
$3,500-$3,999__
$4,000-$4,999__
$5,000 and over.

Native white complete families 4
A11families
(relief and
Eligible for
reliefnonrelief)1 All
non controlled Controlled
and non- Allrelief
sample
sample
relief
(nonrelief)2 (nonrelief) *
( 1)

(2)

(3)

65,713
3,087
4,393
7,093
6,893
8,083
6,635
6,058
5,480
4,256
3,216
4,208
2,258
1, 550
1,274
1,229

38,418
939
1,994
3,079
3, 579
4,719
3,950
3,872
3,535
2,844
2,313
2,908
1,656
1,041
976
1,013

32,910
126
449
1,255
2,902
4,419
3, 766
3, 790
3, 501
2,817
2,307
2,902
1,646
1,041
976
1,013

(4)

(5)

14
50
75
107
133
119
122
98
126
51
37
49
42

666
1,965
3,108
2,927
3,077
2, 795
2,309
1,863
2,373
707
493
510
608

1 Includes all complete and Incomplete native and foreign white and Negro families. (See vol. I, Tabular
Summary, sec. A.)
2 These figures are the weights for the controlled sample. They include 6 occupational groups and 5
family types. (See eligibility requirements p. 260). Due to cell shifts (see discussion p. 261) the number of
eligible families used in weighting differs slightly from the number of eligible families obtained on the basis
of the family schedule interview.
3 Unweighted count of the number of expenditure schedules secured in 6 occupational groups and 5 family
types.
4 Figures in columns 1, 2,3, and 4 represent the estimated number in a 100-percent coverage of the city.
2 d .— Incom e d istribu tion of fa m ilies in m iddle-sized cities 1 of the W est
Central region , show ing relation of controlled sam ple to random sam ples

Table

Income class

Total families
______________________
Under $250 ......................................................
$250-$499........................ .......................................
$500-$749................................................................
$750-$999_______ ____________ ____________
$1,000-$1,249............ .............................................
$1,250-$1,499.......................................................
$1,500-$1,749_.......................................................
$1,750-$1,999_.......... .............................................
$2,000-$2,249_.....................................— .............
$2,250-$2,499..........................................................
$2,500-$2,999..........................................................
$3,000~$3,499..........................................................
$3,500-$3,999.............................. ........................
$4,000-$4,999..........................................................
$5,000 and over.....................................................

Na five white cc>mplete fami]lies
All families
in com
bined cities All relief
Eligible for
non controlled Controlled
(relief and
non Allrelief
sample
nonrelief)2 and
sample
relief
(nonrelief)3 (nonrelief)4
(1)

(2)

(3)

27,707
2,449
3,943
3,882
3,545
3,225
2,489
2,080
1,800
815
1,042
452
267
267
239

18,714
948
2,114
2,390
2,592
2,379
1,781
1,608
1,426
957
694
809
412
225
194
185

15,670
400
841
1,657
2,324
2,252
1, 735
1,587
1,412
949
691
805
409
225
197
186

1,212

(4)
326
924
1,362
1, 547
1,226
1,080
1,013
679
462
247
151
107
99
116

(5)
31
67
72
157
139
143
144
131
109
62
54
47
42
46

i Dubuque, Iowa and Springfield, Mo.
3 Estimated from samples. Includes all complete and incomplete native, foreign white and Negro fami
lies. (See vol. I, Tabular Summary, sec. A.)
3 Includes only 6 occupational groups and 5 family types. (See eligibility requirements p. 260). These
figures are the weights for the controlled sample. Due to cell shifts (see discussion, p. 261) the number of
eligible families used in weighting differs slightly from the number of eligible families obtained on the basis
of the family schedule interview.
4 Unweighted count of the number of expenditure schedules secured in 6 occupational groups and 5 family
types.




268

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

While it is possible to make an estimate of the total consumption
of families in these West Central-Rocky Mountain communities by
income levels from the expenditure data and the income distribution
shown in column 1 of tables 2a to 2d, such an estimate presupposes that
expenditures of foreign families, incomplete families, and families
securing relief are like those of the nonrelief native complete families
surveyed in this study. The Bureau of Labor Statistics is making a
comparison of the expenditures of families with native and foreignbom homemakers in the wage-earner and clerical groups having com
parable incomes and family composition. Preliminary results do not
indicate significant differences in expenditures for groups of items by
the two nativity groups. As yet, no data are available on the com
parison of expenditures of the incomplete and complete families.







Appendix B
Schedule Form and Glossary

269

270

WEST CENTRAL-ROOKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Facsimile of Expenditure Schedule
B.X» 8.988

U. S . Department of L abor
BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS
NATIONAL RESOURCES COMMITTEE
WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION
DEPARTMENT O F AGRICULTURE

CONFIDENTIAL
The information requested in this schedule
t» strictly confidential. Giving it la volun
tary. It will not be even by any except sworn
mgente p f the cooperating agencies and will
not be available for taxation purposes.

Schedule N o . -------C it y ______________

W ASHINGTON

I . YEAR CO YERED BY
SCHEDULE

S T U D Y OF,

CONSUMER PURCHASES

, 1935
, 193

13 m onths beginning _
and ending _

C . T . or E . D . ___
A g e n t--------------------

A F e d e ra l W o rk s P ro ject

EXPENDITURE SCHEDULE—URBAN

RENTED HOME (excluding vacation homo)

Number of weeks—

MEMBERS O? FAMILY

Date o f interview _

V. HOUSING EXPENSE (during schedule year)

H. C O M P O SIT IO N OP ECONOM IC FAMILY

1. Number o f months occupied..
2. M onthly rental rate— ............

8. Rental concession!
4.
T otal rent..,

. ___

2. Wife—

8

5. Repairs paid for b y family---------

6.

4 . ______
5

________________

_______

6

7___

T otal expense (4 + B)____

OWNED HOME (excluding vacation home)
Number o f months:

m . RESIDENCE

7.

Owned-------------- ------.. . . . ----------

8.

Occupied as o w n ers..................

9. Structural additions to

home

during year----------- — -------------In city during schedule y e a r..

10. Paid on principal o f mortgage
during year___ ._______________

IV. LIVING QUARTERS OCCUPIED
(at end o f schedule year)

x x pensi

roa months owned

Interest o n mortgage—
1. T yp e o f living quarters _
2. T otal number o f

Refinancing charges__

room« (excluding bathroom s)________________
persona occupying these rooms (including

Taxes payable in schedule year,

3. T otal number o f

family, roomers, paid help, and o th e r s )__ __________ _____

16. Insurance, fire, tornado— ----------Other_____________________
T otal for months owned

4. I f fam ily is now renting, does rent include:

a.
b.
«.
4.

Yes

b

No

□

□

□
□

□
□

a

Garage.
F u rn is h 
ings.
Heat.
Water.

e.

Yes

No

□

O

Light.

/•

□

□

R e fr ig e r a t o r
(mechanical).

g.

□

except back taxes------------------14. Special assessments— ----------------15. Repairs and replacements.

(11-17)--------------------------

ToTALformonths occupied

R efrigeration.

as owner___________

T otal for family’s home

HOUSING FA CILITIES

(6+19)-----------------------

5 . W ater supply:

9. Heating (check principal
m ethod):
□ Central, steam or
water.
5. □ Indoors, other.
□ Central, air.
e. □ Outdoors.
□ Stoves (n ot kitch
en).
6 . Running water:
□ Kitchen stove only.
o . □ H ot or cold.
□ Fireplace.
/ . □ None.
□ C old only.
10.
Lighting:
□ None.
□ Electricity.
□ Gas.
? . Location o f toilets:
□ Kerosene.
□ In living quarters.
□ Other.
b. □ Indoors, other.
11. Cooking fuel:
a.
Gas.
□ Outdoors.
□ Electricity.
8. Num ber o f toilets:
□ W ood or. coal.
d
.
a
Kerosene or gas
F lu sh ____
oline.
O th er____ .__________ _____ e. * □ Other.
o. □ In living quarters.

b.
c.

a.

e.

a.

VAdATION HOME

a.
b.
o,
d.
e,

21. Vacation hom e Owned: N et expense fo r months
occupied_____________ __- ----- ----------------------22. Vacation hom e rented: R ent and repairs
for m onths occupied......... ......... .......................
. Lodging while traveling o r o n vacatioi

.

a.
b.
e.
.d.
b.
o.

Rental value o f housing received as gift or p a y -

□

N et money value o f occupancy o f fam ily's
owned home.
27. Net money value o f occupancy o f owned

b.




T otal 21-23_________________

vacation home________________ _____________

(1)

SCHEDULE FORM AND GLOSSARY

271

VI. HOUSEHOLD OPERATION

A

B

O

REFRIGERATION

Unit

Price

1.
Latest season

l

1

Monthr.

l

l
l
Earlier Seasons

l

1

Months.

Quantity Expense Quantity Expense Quantity Expense Quantity Expense Quantity Expense
1.

Coal:
B it. a

Anth.

8____

□

$_____

8-____

Total expense
for year .
(for office use)

$_____ $______

8_____

2. C o k e n B riq ts. □

it. F u el oil ___
4. W o o d D K indling □
5 . Kerosene □
Gas-

n lin n n ---- -----ft. E tan trln lty ..
7.

XXX
XXX

XXX
XXX

XXX
XXX

T otal (1 -8 ).,. __________ X X X

XXX

XXX

XXX

XXX
XXX

XXX

XXX

8. Ice________________
9.

10. Value o f fuel gathered b y family o r received free, $___

VH. MEDICAL CARE

B O|D e | r 0 | H
J
Expense
Lives Employed per
week
Expense
tor year
la Out P.T. P.T. No^ Dol
lars

A

PAID HOUSEHOLD
Wks.
HELP
11. C ook o r general

worker____
woman
13. TiAiinrlrem
14_________ ....

_ office visits at $—.
. home calls at

3. Dentist—

$______

12. Cleaning m an or

4.

Oculiat_

5. Other specialist (specify)—
6. Clinio visits: N u m ber____

. at $ . „

7. Hospital room o r b e d : _____days at $__

15.

8. Private nurse: In h os p .____ days at $__

16. Aprons, uniforms, and gifts to paid help.17.

1. Physician: .
2. Physician: .

____

T otal (11-16)____________________

9. Private nurse: A t h o m e -------days at $__
10. Visiting nurse:------------- — visits a t $____
11. Examinations and tests (not foclidtd »bora)„

OTHEB HOUSEHOLD'EXPENSE
18.

19. Telephone: Num ber m o s ._______ ; per m o. $_„

21.

13.

E ye glasses_____________________________

14. M edical appliances and supplies—

W ater r e n t -

20. Laundry sent out: Num ber

12. Medicines and drugs___________________

wka_____ ; amt. $—

15. Health and accident insurance__
16. Other____________________________
17.

Specify service___________________________

T otal (1-16)_____________

Y in . RURAL— URBAN BACKGROUN D

22. Laundry soap and other cleaning su pp lies-

No. yean

28. Stationery, postage, telegrams-------------------24. M oving, express, freight, eto_______________
25. Other.---------------------------------------------------------26.
27.

L On a farm o r in open
country.
2. In village o f less than
2,500._________________
3. In city o f 2,500 to 10,000.

T otal household operation (0+17+26)__




4. In city o f 10,000 or more.

O

State

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

272

IX . RECREATION

i n . EDUCATION

School attached dorlnx aohadnla rear

Paid admissions to—

Public Private

1 . M ovies: Winter_____
2.

1. Nursery school, kindergarten.

Spring-------

8.
4.

2. Elementary school___________
3. High or preparatory school..

F alL.

4. Business o r technical schooL.
5. College, graduate, o r profes
sional r 1 ’

6. Plays, pageants, concerts, lectures, form
4. Ball games, other spectator sports-----------7 . Danoes, circuses, fairs-------------------------------

Pravlou* eduoatloo

GAMES AND SPORTS
8 . Equipment, supplies, fees, licenses (enter year's
expense fo r each item ):
Bunting, $-------------------- ; Fishing, $----------Trapping (sport), $ _
Ridingj $_..

Cam ping, 3
B iking, $—

Tennis, $_

6. T otal, tuition (1 -5 D )___
7. Total, books and sup
plies (1-5E )__________

Highest grade
pleted b y :
13. Husband

8. Special lessons---------------9. Other (excluding board
and rent)--------------------

14. ' W i f e 15. Son o r daughter
over 16years with
m ost schooling:

.;G o lf,$

Skates, sleds, skis, $—
Billiards and bowling, $---------- ; Boats, $------

11. Board at school o r col
lege.
12. R oom rent a t school or
______ college________________

Cards, chess, other games, $---------- ; Other, S
? . T o ta l (all items 8 )---------------- ----------------------

OTHER RECREATION

a.
b.
e.

com 
----- ,

S e x ------------------------A g e ------------------------M em ber o f econom ic
family?
Yes □ N o □

X IIL OCCUPATIONAL EXPENSE
(not reported as business expense or as deduction from groes Income)

10. R ad io: Purchase............................ —
11.
Batteries, tubes, repairs,-----12. M usical instruments (specify)--------13. Sheet music, phonograph records—

1. Union dues, fan*-------------------------------------- T_ T1

14. Cameras, films, p h oto supplies
15. Children’s toys, p la y equ ip m en t.

2. Business and professional association d u e s .

16. Pets (purchase and care).
17. Entertaining in an d ou t o f home.

3 . TArthnlrtAl h o o k a And jou rn a ls.

4. Supplies and equipment.

18. D ues t o social and recreational clul

--------------- T- r, T

„

19. Other (specify)--------20.

T o ta l

(1 -1 9 ).
X . TOBACCO

XIV. PREVIOUS OCCUPATION OF HUSBAND
1. Was husband’s occupation same during schedule year as
in 1929? Yes □ N o □
2. I f not, his occupation in 1929 w a s _______________________ _

1. Cigarettes: Packages per week------- © -------- 4 ------2. Cigars: Num ber per week-------------- © -------- 4 -------

x f . f c l F T S , c b M M U N IT Y WELFARE, A N D TAXES

8. T obacco: A ll other................ .................. — --------------4. Smokers’ supplies ............ ............................................
5.

_______T otal (1 -4 )-------------------------------------------------

1. Gifts (Christmas, birthday, other) to persons not
members o f econom ic fam ily (n ot charity)_____
2. Contributions to support relatives n ot members
o f economio fam ily.____________________________

_________________________ X L READING______________

8. Donations to other individuals^
1. Newspapers: D aily-------------------------------- — -----------2.
W eekly--------------------------------- ---------

4. Com m unity chest and other welfare agendas____
5.s Church,
V 'U U X V U y Sunday
D U U U B / school,
O U U W 1) m
UUOOIU
issions..O
6. Taxes: Poll{ income, personal^jproperty (payable
in schedule year, except b

3. Magazines (subscriptions and single copies)----------

4. Bath (soi kImoI boob) bcogbi ionig yeir: Nufer------------------5. Book Mibb u i Ebmj loot, pobEc ud rechi librsrin----------------6. Boob bonoved iroa psbEt tnd ronltl Ebruiei: Nrabtr---------------7._______T otal (1-6).---------------------------------------




T otal (l-7)_
(8)

SCHEDULE FORM AND GLOSSARY

273

XVL USUAL FO O D EXPENSE DURING EACH SEASON OF SCHEDULE TEAR

A

--------------1-------------- 1---------------1---------------1
1
Earlier masons
Latest season ol year
u f)u
M (’ c

FOOD AT BOltS

1

i

1

Per week For month Par week Per month Per week Per month Per week Per month Per week Per month

expense at —
t. Food
Grocery or general store (ex
cluding soap, matches, eto.)

S. D a iry ...

.....

$•

... * .. .

? ’

$

,

$

$

* ...........

.... *_______ R ...

.... ______

4 . Vegetable and fruit market

Additional expense for food
at home—■

8 . Other food at home—
0.
T otal for week or

month (1-8)

10.

T otal for season______

FOOD AWAT FROM BOMB
(Excluding d m Ii white sway st school, For week For month Per week Per month Per week Per month Par week Per month Per week Per month
end meals canted bom homo)

Expense for—

11. M ealn y t w n rlr------

__ ____

12- T.nnchAS a t ach n n l----- -----

13. Meals while traveling or on
VAftatinn________

Otheb h e a l s awat—
Ik .

Tsui Mim

.. _____ _

1«

TMnn«m

, .

17. T(v> crM nij c an d y

.....

18. Soft drinks, beer, eto________
19.
T otal for week or
month......... ........... ..
20.

T otal for season----------

TOOD kAIBED a t HOME OR RECEIVED AS OUT .OR PAT
mIKING SCHEDULE TSAR

TOTAL TO OP EXPENSE DtrRINa SCHEDULE TEAK
21. F o o d at ho m e (item 10)
22.
23.

Mo ney value of food—
Ised for family’s .own 11IW a

JR

24. Ral

Food away from home (item 120)...

25. Retselved

T otal........................ ......




26.

CO

as gift or pa)T

T otal................

R

274

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
XVH . AUTOM OBILES
(owned a t any tim e during year)

XDL O TH E R TRAVEL AND .TRANSPORTATION

LOCAL—TO WORK; SCHOOL, STORES, ETC.

i . H ow m any m onths during year did you own:

a 1 autom obile,_____ m os.; b 2 automobiles, _
o 3 autom obiles,____ m os.; n o automobiles, _

1. Bus, trolley, taxi, train, ferry boat, rent o f auto______mobile_________________________________________

OTHER TRAVEL (Excluding borinee* traroj)

AUTOMOBILES OWNED AT END OF SCHEDULE YEAH

2. Railroad (including Pullman)---------------------3. Interuxban bus____________________________
4. Other (specify vehicle)...

PURCHASE AND UPKEEP DURINQ YEAR

5. Of m otorcycle_______________________________
6. O f boat, airplane, other vehicle—
Gross price o f oar bought during year $—

XXXX

Trade-in allowance for used car, $----- ------

X XXX

7.

T otal fr-6)_______________

8. Proportion o f m otorcycle O o r other vehicle □
______ expense chargeable to business________________ _

N et price o f car bought (6 minus 6)_
M onth purchased— ,-----Terms:

Cash □

XX. PERSON AL CARE

Installment □

. T otal number o f miles driven during year (all owned cars)

SERVICES
10. Average miles p er gallon o f gasoline,'':----- miles.

GA80LINE

11.

1. W ife:. Haircut (usual price, _______) , shampoo,
waves, mahicurbs, facials, o th e r _______________
2. Husband: Haircut (usual p rice,______ ), shaves,
shampoos, other
3. Children under 16: Haircuts (usual price,
__ ) , other.
4. Other members o f fam ily: Hairout (usual price,
----- „ „ ) , other----------------------------------------------------

]

12. .

TOILET AETICLES AND PREPARATIONS

13. .

5. T oilet soaps: — ___- cakes at----------------------

14. .

6. T ooth paste and powder, m outh wash, etc_______
7. Shaving soap and cream.
8. Cold cream, powder, rouge, nail polish, perfume...

16. .
16.

T otal t o b t e a r (11-15)..

9. Brushes, etc., combs, razors, files.
10. Other toilet articles and preparations—

T otal

11.

(1-10)____________________

17. Oil: Num ber o f quarts-.
XX L EQU IPM EN T O W N ED BY PAM ILY

18. Tires, tubes: Purchase—

A

B | O

D

If purchased la

KIND OP EQUIPMENT

Owned at
and of
acbedula
Fear

19.. ]Repairs, replacements, service

20.. Garage rent, parking...

21. Licenses, including registration f e e -

22., :Fines, damages paid to others---------23.. Autom obile insurance (all types)----24.. 'Tolls (bridge, ferry, tunnel)------------25. Accessories (including automobile radio)—

Ym

26. Other (including association dues)-----------27.

3. Pjuiio

T otal (7 ,1 6 , and 17-26)------------------

28. Proportion o f autom obile expense chargeable to
business______________________________ -__________

Season
purchased

XXXX
$---------- —

—

7. Pressnm conker__ ________ _
8. Washing machine, power____
9. Wanking m^nhihA, nthar

(M ake n o entry if cheek list is used)




—

4. Refrigerator,

XVIII. C LOTH IN G EXPENSE

Price
XXXX
XXXX

... .

5. Other mechanical refrigerator, —
_____
ft. Tn« hnt

x x x x

E

schedule year

No

1. Piunn
___
2. Phnnnp|T*ph

|

10. Ironing manMiw*
11. Vacuum nW nar
13. Other sewing machine_______ —

—

—

—

XXIL FURN ISHINGS AND EQ U IPM EN T
(M ake no entry if check list is used)
Purchased in schedule year not included In Items 4-18, section

<8)

X X I.

T otal expense for year, $___ ....____- __ __

Expense tor
year
1. In terest o n d e b ts in cu rred fo r fa m ily liv in g o th e r th a n m o r tg a g e o h
____
. ..
___.
___
__
owner! )inm e
2. D id fa m ily h a v e ch eck in g a c c o u n t a t a n y tim e d u rin g sch ed u le
y e a r? Y e s D N o □

5. L oss, o th e r th a n business lo s s ...

__________

_ __

_ ___

_

..

. . .

$ .------------------

H <L. F u n eral, w m p tp n ;

II

3 . B a n k se rv ice ch arges, safe d e p o s it b o x ..............— — ----------------------------4. L ega l expense (n o t business^

Expense
year far

jj
I

7 . O th er.

-----

.

-------

_____

XXIV. CHANGES IN FAM ILY ASSETS AND LIABILITIES DURING SCHEDULE Y E A R ___________ 1935 t o ____________ 1 9 3 „

(Excluding changes doe to increases or decreases In the value of property which has not changed hands)
CHANGES IN PROPERTY OWNED BY FAM ILY AND AMOUNTS DUE FAM ILY
CHANGES IN DEBTS OWED BY FAMILY
D
E
|
F
A
B
|
O
Changes la assets during schedule year
Changes in liabilities daring schedule year
Liabilities
Money, stocks, real estate, other assets
Net amount of increase Net amount of decrease
Net amount of increase Net amount of decrease
1. A fonpy in Hfl.vinjrn
2.
3.
A.

Tn

ehoRlring'

On

haiir!

*

(m finm ita

.................. .

.

2 1 . M o rtg a g e s on ow ner! L o m e

•

PiirMiORpr?

XXXXXXXX

xxxxxxxx

ft

xxxxxxxx

fiolr!
OtllOF pFftpAfty* PllTflllOrA/i

1ft

........

2 7 . B a c k ta x es (d u e b e fo r e sch ed u le y e a r )______

XXXXXXXX

2 0 . C h s rjm A enonnia r!ne

23. T axes

d ije

3ft. O th e r h ill a r!ne.

. _

(rt)

xxxxxxxx

(M

_____

(/■ )

.

TiVo/2rt#*nrf*y o f p a y m o n t
polinma cmTnron/^oyjwl

16. In su ran ce p o licie s settled_____________________
17. L oan s m a d e b y fa m ily t o oth ers d u rin g
sch edu le y e a r (b a la n ce n o t r e p a id )----------18. R e p a y m e n ts t o fa m ily o n lo a n s m a d e
nAfnpft flA)iAr1iilA j t p j u *
... .

19. A ll o th e r («pp.oifiy)

------------------

T otal (1 -1 9 )........... .....................................

xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx

x x x x x x x x

___ ..

3 1 . P a y m e n ts o n in sta llm en t p u rch a ses m a d e
p r io r t o sch ed u le y ea r (s p e cify g o o d s
p u rch a se d ):

x x x x x x x x

IK T nonranM

x x x x x x x x

}p s c h e d u le y e a r, im pa ir! .. ... __

] 9 T m prnvftm anf^ An of.liAF taa I
fa*
13. In su ran ce prem iu m s pa id (life, en d ow m e

nt,

x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

n.nnnity'i

XXXXXXXX

26, R e n ts d u e in sch ed u le y e a r, u n p a id

xxxxxxxx

Solr!

25. B a ck ren ts (d u e b e fo r e s ch ed u le y e a r )______

11. Im p ro v e m e n ts o n ow n ed hom e............... ...........

*0.

9

TnvAjyfcrrtAnffl in hiiQinpRia

K. *RAft1

^4,

S

2 2 . M ortg a g es o n o th e r rea l estate______________
2 3 . N o te s ^due t o b a n k s, in su ran ce com p a n ies.

A
Snlr!
2. fitor»Vn Ori^ h o o d s ' T’nrr'beQcr!
0

S

, ,

x x x x x x x x
..

. ... _____

...

...

3 2 . B a la n ce d u e o n in sta llm en t p u rch ases m a d e
in sch ed u le y e a r (s p e cify g o o d s p u r
c h a se d ):
(а )
----------------- -----------------------------

(б)

xxxxxxxx

(c)
S3

34.

All o th e r (ppeeffy}

T o ta l

x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x

(2 1 -3 3 )..............................

xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx

SCHEDULE FORM AND GLOSSARY




X X m . OTHER FAMILY EXPENSE

276
WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
Classifications and Definitions of Terms Used in Text and Tabular
Summary
The following glossary of terms is limited to those classifications and
definitions needing explanation for the interpretation of the tabular
and textual material on the summary of expenditures. Later publi
cations, presenting more detailed data in particular fields of consump
tion, will contain further definitions. Items appearing on the ex
penditure schedule and on the expenditure summary which are not
discussed in the present volume are omitted from the glossary.
Any system of classifying goods and services necessarily has certain
limitations and may not meet the needs of all groups or agencies which
utilize the data. The classification adopted for the Study of Consumer
Purchases is in substance one that has been found useful in other
studies and which thus has the advantage of yielding comparable
data. Since the uses to which specific goods may be put by consum
ers vary considerably from family to family and even within the family
circle, depending upon a multiplicity of factors, the decision to classify
commodities in one category rather than another were necessarily
arbitrary. The classifications determined upon have, however, been
applied consistently throughout the tabulations.
The expenditures of each family during the report year have been
classified under 16 major groups of goods and services, as presented
in table 2 of the Tabular Summary. This classification has been
used over a period of years in similar studies of family living by such
agencies as the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Department of Labor
and the Bureau of Home Economics of the Department of Agriculture.
Specific definitions of terms should be prefaced by the explanation
that, whenever a sales tax was in force in a particular community dur
ing the period covered by the study, the estimated total amount of
sales tax paid for each taxable item appearing on the schedule was
added to the total expense for the item.
F a m ily - -For purposes of the Study of Consumer Purchases, an
economic family was defined as a group of persons belonging to the
same household and dependent upon a common income.1 Expendi
ture data were secured only from families including both a husband
and a wife.
F a m ily ty p e .—Families were classified, according to the number and
age of members, in one of five types, as follows:2
Type
I
II
III
IV

No other persons (families of two).
One child under 16 (families of three).
Two children under 16 (families of four).
One person 16 or over and one or no other person, regardless
of age (families of three or four).

i For more detailed definition. (See vol. I of this bulletin, glossary.)
* See pictogram of family types, p. 4.




SCHEDULE FORM AND GLOSSARY
V

277

One child under 16, one person 16 or over, and one or two
others, regardless of age (families of five or six).

The above family types are based upon the equivalent number of
persons under 16 years of age and the equivalent number 16 years or
over in the economic family during the year. By the use of a conversion
table the number of weeks of membership of persons in the economic
family for only a portion of the schedule year is expressed in terms of
equivalent members. If the economic family contained, in addition
to the married couple, only one person who was a member for 26 weeks
or less, he was not regarded as an equivalent member; had he been in
the family for 27 weeks he would have been classified as one equiva
lent member. If two persons, both of whom were under 16 years, were
members of the economic family for a total of from 27 weeks through
78 weeks, together they counted as one equivalent member; had they
been members for a total of from 79 through 130 weeks, they would
have been counted as two equivalent members. The same method of
computation applied to persons 16 and over. If, however, the family
contained one person 16 years of age or over and one child under 16
years, each for less than 27 weeks, neither would be counted as a
member of the economic family, although the period of membership
for the two together equalled more than 26 weeks.
Occupational group.—Families were also classified in one of seven
groups: Wage earner, clerical, independent business, independent pro
fessional, salaried business, salaried professional, and families with
no gainfully employed members.3 In general, the wage-earner classi
fication included all types of skilled, semiskilled, and unskilled manual
jobs which are usually paid by the hour, day, or week, rather than on
a monthly or annual salary basis. In the clerical classification were
grouped store clerks and salesmen working for others, as well as office
workers. Professional, semiprofessional, and technical workers were
included in the independent professional group when employed on
their own account, and in the salaried professional group when they
were employed by others on a salary basis. Persons classified in the
independent business group were entrepreneurs owning and operating
businesses of any type. Also classified in the independent business
category were families which derived the major portion of their earned
income from roomers and boarders. The salaried business category
consisted mainly of salaried managers and officials; chief officers of
corporations drawing salaries, as well as minor executives, were thus
classified in the salaried business group, even though some owned
* The occupational categories are based upon the Works Progress Administration’s Manual Work
Division Procedure, sec. 2, “ Occupational classification" (June 1935); and “Index of occupations," Giro.
No. 2A (September 1935).




278

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

controlling interest in the business. The seventh category consisted of
families that had no earnings from an occupation, whether due to re
tirement, receipt of a pension, unemployment, or other causes.
The occupational classification of a family was determined by the
occupational group from which it derived the major portion of its
earnings during the report year, whether that portion was contributed
by one or more family members.4
Income.—The total income by which the family was classified
included money income (derived from earnings and other sources
such as interest, dividends, pensions, etc.), and in addition, non
money income from housing (for owners, the difference between
rental value of the home and current expense for interest, repairs,
mortgages, and the like; for renters, the value of rent, received as
a gift or pay).
To arrive at the figure for earnings from gainful occupations of
family members (wages, salaries, profits, and other withdrawals from
business for family use, tips, commissions, and bonuses), occupa
tional expenses were deducted. Similarly, the figures for earned
income not attributable to individual members (i. e., income from
family enterprises such as the keeping of roomers and boarders or
casual work in the home) represented net rather than gross income
from such sources. Items classified as nonearned money income
were: Interest and dividends; rents from property; pensions, annui
ties and benefits; gifts in cash, etc.6
Adjusted family income, presented in chapters I and IX, consists
of total income plus the value of food and fuel obtained without money
expense.
Expenditures.—Money expenditures include all money expenses
incurred during the report year for current family living, whether or
not the full amount was paid during the year.6 Balances remaining
unpaid at the end of the year were handled as increases in liabilities.
Total expenditures include money expenditures and the value of
housing, food, and fuel obtained without money expense. Total
expenditures are thus synonymous with “money value of current
family living” defined below.
Value of family living.—The money value of current family living
consisted of money expenditures for current living, and the value of
housing, food, and fuel obtained without direct money expense. The
value of housing included the imputed net income from owned family
and vacation homes and the rental value of housing received as gift
or pay. (See below under Nonmoney income from housing.)
4 For more detailed statement. (See vol. I of this bulletin, glossary.)
»For more detailed statement of the components of income as used in the Study. (See vol. I, glossary.)
«This was not true in the case of a few items such as fire insurance premiums on owned homes and con
tributions to the Community Chest. For these items only the amounts paid during the year were classed
as expenditures.




SCHEDULE EORM AND GLOSSARY

279

Surplus or deficit.—The difference between the family’s total
money income for the year and its total money expenditure was, if
a positive sum, a surplus, or, if a negative sum, a deficit. This sur
plus or deficit was accounted for by one or more of a series of changes
in assets and liabilities, described below.
Receipts.—The term receipts has been used to designate current
money income plus funds made available through liquidation of
assets or through credit.
Disbursements.—The term disbursements has been used to desig
nate money expenditures for current family living plus money used
to decrease debts incurred before the beginning of the report year or
to increase assets.
Balancing difference.—Due to the difficulty experienced by families,
few of which kept detailed records, in accounting in toto for receipts
and disbursements, a margin of tolerance was set up for discrepancies
between the two. If the difference amounted to less than 5.5 percent
of receipts or disbursements, whichever was larger, the schedule was
tabulated, this amount being carried as a balancing difference. If the
discrepancy was 5.5 or larger, the schedule was discarded. In cases
where disbursements exceed receipts, as accounted for by the family,
the balancing difference was negative; if receipts exceeded disburse
ments, the difference was positive.
FOOD

Included here were all family expenses for food, together with ex
penditure for such items as ice cream, candy, soft drinks, beer, and
alcoholic beverages. Cod-liver and haliver oil were also considered
food.
Nonfood articles which may be bought in grocery stores, such as
cleaning supplies, matches, soap, tobacco, and food for pets were
excluded from this category.
Food at home.—A distinction was made between food purchased to
be prepared at home and food purchased and eaten away from home.
In the former category was included the cost of any food prepared
at home but eaten away from home, such as home-prepared lunches
for work, school, or picnics. Cost of articles such as coffee, milk, or
other food, bought at work or school to supplement the home-prepared
lunches was classified with expense for food away from home.
Food purchased to be prepared in a vacation home occupied by the
family was classified as expense for food at home.
The amount spent for food served to boarders was derived through
use of the average expense per meal per equivalent adult (explained
below), and was deducted from total expense for food at home, so
that the figures shown in table 2, column 6, and table 3 of the Tabular
Summary represent net family expense.
125019®— 40--------- 19




280

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Food away from home.—Included here was expense for meals at work
and at school (except for food carried from home), including board at
school, meals while traveling or on vacation (except for food prepared
in a vacation home), meals purchased on a business trip for which
there was no reimbursement by an employer, other meals eaten out,
and ice cream and candy, soft drinks and alcoholic beverages consumed
away from home.
Expense for food away from home necessarily included in many
cases some expense for service and entertainment as well as food costs
proper.
Value of food home-produced or received as a gift or pay.—A value was
placed on all food which was raised for family consumption or given
to the family as a gift or in lieu of cash payment for services. All
such food was evaluated at the retail prices prevailing in the com
munity. No deductions from the evaluation of home-produced food
were made for the cost of seeds and implements or for the value or
cost of labor.
The money value of food received as gift or pay represents the net
value of all food received free plus the value of food received as pay
during the year by members of the family. If members of the family
received a substantial number of free meals as guests in excess of the
number of meals furnished to guests (not counting house guests since
they were treated as members of the household, though not of the
economic family, for the period of their stay), the value of meals so
received in excess of those furnished was tabulated.
An evaluation was made of meals which were furnished to members
of the family without charge by the employer or paid for from expense
accounts. Examples of such instances are salesmen reimbursed for
meals taken while traveling, students working for their board at
school, or waiters who received meals as part of their pay.
Likewise, if the owner of a store or an employee occasionally
brought home food which he received from his place of business with
out payment, such food was evaluated at local retail prices and
included in the total value of food received without direct money
expense. However, if the store proprietor charged himself for food
which he brought home regularly for family consumption, the retail
value of such food was added to his money earnings and the goods
were entered as purchases in the subsection for food at home.
Average expenditure per meal per equivalent adult.—In recognition
of the variations in quantity, and thus in expense, of food consumption
among persons of different ages, the following scale of relative demand
for various persons served from the family food supply was adopted: 7
7 This scale of food relatives was developed from data secured from the Bureau of Home Economics of the
Department of Agriculture, which furnished information on standard food allowances, based on actual food
expense records, differentiated by age, sex, and activity.




281

SCHEDULE FORM AND GLOSSARY
Person

Relative
food expense

20 years of age and over__________________________________ 1. 0
13 to 19 years____________________________________________1. 1
6 to 12 years_____________________________________________ . 9
Under 6 years____________________________________________ . 6

These relatives were applied whether the person was a member of
the economic family or a boarder, guest, or domestic servant. The
relative factor applied to nurses for the sick was 0.9. The term
equivalent adult is used in the text as representing one food expendi
ture unit.
It was assumed that 21 meals per week were eaten by each member
of the economic family during that portion of the report year spent
at home. For other members of the household (boarders, house
guests, household help, and nurses) the actual number of meals eaten
was ascertained. The average expense per meal per equivalent
person was derived by dividing the total family food expense (after
subtraction of expense for food eaten while traveling or on vacation)
by the total number of equivalent person meals.
In order to determine the expense for meals served to boarders,
the average expense per meal per food expenditure unit was multiplied
by the total number of meals served to boarders; the resulting sum
was deducted from the total family expense for food at home.
HOME MAINTENANCE

Housing expense.—Each family reported expense incurred during
the report year, for family home and other housing. Average amounts
for renting families are based on the rental rate contracted for, minus
any concessions granted by the landlord, and plus any repairs paid
by the tenant. Housing expense for renting families included fuel,
light, and/or refrigeration when one or more of these items was
included in the rental rate. For owning families, all expense incurred
for repairs, interest, insurance, and the like was included. Because
of the fact that fuel, light, and refrigeration were included in the rent
paid by many renting families, all tables in the text of the report
that show housing expense include fuel, light, and refrigeration with
housing. In tables 2, 4, and 4-A of the Tabular Summary, however,
housing expense does not include fuel, light, and refrigeration.
No attempt was made to apportion and deduct from family expense
an amount for space rented to roomers. Since, however, expenditure
data were not taken from families having the equivalent of more than
one lodger throughout the year, the value of such space was not an
important item to the families.
Housing expense incurred during the report year and not paid by
the end of the year was included here and also carried as an increase
in liabilities.




282

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Family home.—Average expense, as shown in table 4, column 8,
includes only expense for living quarters occupied by the family
group, whether such quarters were rented or owned.
Other housing.—Included in housing expense as shown in table 2,
but shown separately in table 4, column 9, is expense for vacation
home, lodging while traveling, and room at school.
Expenses for a vacation home, whether owned or rented, were of the
same type as for a family home. If a family owned a vacation home
and rented it out during any part of the schedule year, the total rent
received was subtracted from total expense incurred for the home and
only the net amount was tabulated. If the rent received exceeded
expenses for the year, no net expense was incurred and the positive
balance was included as a part of the family’s income.
Excluded from expense for lodging while traveling was the amount
paid by a family member while traveling on business or while working
out of town. These amounts were considered occupational expense
and were deducted from gross earnings in arriving at family income.
Housing received without direct money expenditure.—See below under
Nonmoney income from housing.
Expenditures for rented homes and owned homes.—For the purpose
of comparing the housing expenses of home owners and renters
(table 4-A, columns 6 and 7) a family was classified as renting only
if it rented during the entire year (and received no rent as gift or pay),
and as owning only if it occupied an owned home during the entire
year. Expense for renters includes only expense for dwelling quarters
occupied by the entire family group. The number of months of
occupancy of the rented home was multiplied by the monthly rental
rate to obtain the total amount of rent paid. From this sum was
deducted the value of any rental concessions received by the family.
Concessions were distinguished from rent as pay or gift and defined
as occupancy given free by the landlord for a limited time as an in
ducement to the family to rent the living quarters. To the total rent
paid was added the value of repairs or improvements paid for by
the tenant, if the landlord did not reimburse the family. Rental
expenses incurred but not paid during the schedule year were included
here, and also carried as an increase in family liabilities.
Housing expense for owned home for the year included interest on
the mortgage, refinancing charges, taxes payable, expense for repairs
and replacements, special assessments, and premiums for fire, tornado,
or earthquake insurance on the home. For all these items except
insurance, the expense figure refers to amounts incurred during the
schedule year, whether or not they were entirely paid before the end
of the year. Balances remaining unpaid were carried as increases in
liabilities. In the case of insurance premiums, no attempt was made
to prorate payments for previous or coming years as an allocation of




SCHEDULE FORM AND GLOSSARY

283

expense for the schedule year. Structural additions and other per
manent improvements to the home were not classed as current ex
penditures for housing but as increases in assets. (See below, Assets
and liabilities.)
If the home owned and occupied by the family was a two-family or
multiple-family house, only that portion of the expense which applied
to the living quarters of the owner’s family was included as expense of
owned home. The basis for this allocation was the comparative
monthly rental values of the dwelling units under consideration. The
remaining expense was deducted from gross rents, to derive a net
figure which was added to the family’s income.
Facilities included in rent.—Families that were renting their homes
at the end of the schedule year were asked to state which of a specified
list of housing facilities were furnished by the landlord and covered
by the rental rate for the living quarters. These data are presented
in table 4-A of the Tabular Summary.
Facilities were not considered to have been included in the rent if
the family paid separate amounts for their use, over and above the
rental for the living quarters themselves.
Nonmoney income from housing.—An attempt was made to evaluate
all housing received without direct expense, whether in the form of
rent as pay or gift, or of imputed income from an owned family home,
or an owned vacation home. Average amounts of such value are
shown in table 4, columns 10-12, Tabular Summary.
If a family received any rent as part of wages or salary, as in the
case of a minister, a resident manager, or a janitor, the estimated
monthly rental value was multiplied by the number of months such
premises were occupied, and the resulting amount was included as a
part of the family’s income. If a family occupied rent free during
any part of the schedule year, a home that was owned by a relative or
friend, the rental value was estimated for the period, and from it
was subtracted any housing expense incurred by the family in connec
tion with such occupancy. The net figure was then added to the
family’s income. Housing furnished to individual family members
while away from home, whether as gift or in return for services, was
not included in nonmoney income from housing, which relates solely
to housing that served as the family home.
Much more important, on the average, than rent as pay or gift,
was imputed income from owned home. If a family during any part
of the schedule year occupied a home owned by a member of the
family the rental value of this home was estimated (in relation to
rental rates on equivalent quarters) for the period of occupancy.
From this sum were deducted all expenses incurred for the home, for
interest on a mortgage, repairs, taxes, special assessments, and pre
miums for insurance, during the period of occupancy. The remaining




284

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

amount was considered as imputed income from housing, and included
as a nonmoney part of the family's total income. If the expenses
were greater than the estimated rental value, the family was considered
to have had a negative income from housing. The net effect was to
place many home owners in a higher income class ($250 intervals)
than if they had been classified on the basis of money incomes alone.
Fuel gathered by the family or received as gift was valued at local
retail prices.
Household operation.—Household operation expenses included
amounts incurred or paid for heating and cooking fuels, light, and
refrigeration, for paid household help, and for other household items
such as water rent, telephone, laundry, and cleaning supplies. The
expense for operating both family and vacation homes which were
occupied by the family was included in the total operation expense.
If certain expenses for operation, such as fuel, light, or water rent,
were paid by the family for a period when the home was rented to
some other family, such expenses were excluded from the scheduled
family's total household operation expense and were deducted from
the gross rents received in computing net income from rent.
The average expense for fuel, light, and refrigeration, as shown in
table 2, column 8; table 4, column 5; and table 5, column 5, of the
Tabular Summary is an understatement of expense for this category
since, in the case of renters, one or more of these items was sometimes
included in the rent, and covered by the rental rate.
Paid household help.—Included in this subsection was the expense
for the employment of household help, both full and part time, by the
family during the year.
Nursemaids were classified as household help, but the fees charged
by nurses caring for the sick were grouped with medical care. Ex
pense for the employment of seamstresses for the duration of a specific
job to make or repair clothing for the family, or to sew household
linens or make slip covers was included with expense for clothing and
furnishings, respectively. The cost of employing a laundress was
included in this subsection only if the laundry work was done on the
family's premises.
Besides the cash wages paid by the family to servants, the total
expense for household help included carfare for which the servants
were reimbursed by the family, and the amounts spent by the family
during the year to outfit their servants, as well as amounts given in
tips and presents to doormen, elevator men, and delivery boys not
directly employed by the family. The money value of gifts which
did not represent a direct money expense to the family was not
included in the expense of household help. Meals furnished to
servants by the family were considered a part of family food expense
rather than part of the wages paid.




SCHEDULE FORM AND GLOSSARY

285

Other items of household operation expense.—Grouped in this sub
section were expenditures for such items of household operation as
water rent, telephone, laundry sent out, laundry soap and other clean
ing supplies, stationery and postage, telegrams, moving charges,
express and freight fees, household disinfectants and insecticides,
wood and metal polishes, paper products for household use, and fees
for garbage and ash removal.
Furnishings and equipment.—Classified as furnishings and equip
ment were kitchen, cleaning, and laundry equipment, furniture, glass
ware and china, silverware, household textiles, floor coverings, lug
gage, and gardening equipment. Included in this grouping also were
articles of household equipment such as mechanical refrigerators, ice
boxes, pressure cookers, washing and ironing machines, vacuum
cleaners, and sewing machines.
Yard goods for the making of household linens, draperies, and slip
covers, as well as the cost of paid help for sewing these articles were
likewise combined with expense for furnishings. Premiums paid for
fire and theft insurance on furnishings, expense for repairs, the cleaning
of furnishings and equipment, and fees for renting furniture were also
incorporated in this group of expenditures. Premiums paid during
the year for insurance on furnishings were included in the total regard
less of the duration of the insurance which the premium covered.
The recorded prices of furniture and equipment included charges for
financing articles bought on an installment plan. If, in the purchase
of any of these items, a used article of the same kind was traded in,
the amount recorded was the net price, that is, the gross price minus
the trade-in allowance.

CLOTHING

Besides those articles ordinarily regarded as clothing, the following
items were also so classified: Accessories such as gloves, handker
chiefs, purses, umbrellas, jewelry, ties and collars, belts, garters, and
suspenders; yard goods, yarns, and findings for clothing made at home,
the cost of paid help for the making of clothing, dry-cleaning and
pressing of clothing; repair of shoes and charges for shoeshines; fees
for renting articles of clothing; flowers for personal wear; premiums
paid for insurance on clothing and jewelry. These items of expense
were allocated to the individual members for whom the expense was
incurred.
Articles of clothing purchased for wear at work and special clothing
bought for participation in sports were included with clothing.
PER SO NA L CA RE
Toilet articles and preparations.—Under “toilet articles and prepara
tions” were included the following items: Toilet soaps, dentifrices,




286

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

shaving soaps and creams, facial and hand creams and lotions,
powders, rouge and lipsticks, perfumes, and equipment for personal
care such as brushes and combs, razors, files, scissors, curling irons,
hair dryers, powder puffs, and sanitary supplies.
Personal services.—The following items were classified as services:
Haircuts, shampoos, shaves, all types of waves, manicures, facials,
eyebrow trims, dyeing and dressing of hair, Turkish baths.
Tips to barbers and beauty operators were combined with the
charge for the service.
T R A N S P O R T A T IO N
Automobile expense.—Data on automobile expense refers to auto*
mobiles owned by the family which were used either partly or wholly
for family purposes. Expense for operation of automobiles used
entirely for business purposes was not regarded as a family expense,
but was included with other deductible expenses in arriving at net
earnings of the family.
“Family” use of a car was defined as operation of the car for such
purposes as transportation to and from work, school, theater, and
shopping centers, as well as for vacation travel and driving for pleasure.
The use of the family car in pursuit of one’s gainful occupation was
defined as business use of an automobile. The most common example
of this is the use of the family car by a physician or a salesman for
making professional or business calls.
The procedure used by the agent in obtaining information on auto
mobile expense was to ask for the total annual expense for each item
specified on the schedule. If the family used its automobile partly
for family and partly for business purposes, the agent then asked the
family to estimate the proportion of the use which was chargeable to
business. This was expressed as a percentage, and represented the
proportion of business use over the period of the entire schedule year.
The family was asked to base its estimate of the proportion of
automobile used applicable to business on the mileage and the amount
of time during which the car was so used.
The complement of this proportion, representing the expense appli
cable to family use, was then applied to each item of operating expense,
as well as to the net purchase price of a car bought during the year.
Since further refinement of the data was not feasible, the same per
centage was applied to each item of expense; no account was taken
of internal variations in business use as between different items as
the family was asked to report the over-all percentage.
The amount of the total operating expenses which was chargeable
to business was regarded as an occupational expense deductible from
gross earnings. Likewise, the proportion of the net purchase price of




287
an automobile bought during the schedule year which was chargeable
to business (in the same proportion as the operating expense) was re
garded as an investment of the family funds in business and was so
classified in the section showing assets and liabilities, unless this
amount had been excluded from the total income originally reported
on the family schedule. However, the total amount still owing on
such a car at the end of the year was recorded as a debt in the section
on assets and liabilities, without distinction between family and
business proportions.
Included in the gross purchase price of a car were financing charges
other than for insurance when the car was purchased on the install
ment plan. The net price of a car bought during the year was
derived by subtracting from the gross contract price the amount
allowed on the trade-in of another car.
The expense for operation included the following items: gasoline,
oil, tires and tubes, repairs and service, garage rent, parking fees,
licenses including registration fees, fines and damages paid, automo
bile insurance, tolls, accessories for the car, and association dues.
In addition to the cost of operating a car owned by the family,
operation expenditures included the amount paid or shared by a
family member for operating a car owned by someone not a member of
the economic family.
Families owning automobiles or reporting expense for automobile opera
tion.—The percentage of families owning automobiles, shown on table
8, column 4 of the Tabular Summary, includes all families reporting
ownership of one or more cars for one or more months during the year.
Families reporting expense for automobile operation (see text table
25) include families reporting any operating expense, whether or not
they owned cars. Hence, a family which shared the cost of operating
a car owned by someone not a member of the economic family was
classified as a car-operating family. Furthermore, since fees for
drivers’ licenses were included as operating expense, a family which
neither owned a car nor shared actual operating expense might be
classified as an operating family. On the other hand, if a family
owned a car but incurred no operation expense during the year (not
even storage nor license fees), the family was not classified as an
operator. For detailed figures on numbers of families reporting oper
ation expense and number of families owning cars see Bureau of Labor
Statistics Bulletin 648, volume VI.
Other travel and transportation.—The cost of transportation other
than by automobile was designated as “other travel and transporta
tion.” As in the case of automobile expense, travel for business pur
poses was excluded from the record of family expenditures. Daily
travel to and from work was regarded as a family expense.




SCHEDULE FORM AND GLOSSARY

288

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Besides the cost of transportation on public vehicles, there was
combined under this heading the amount spent for the purchase and
operation of vehicles other than automobiles, such as a motorcycle,
boat, or airplane. If, however, these vehicles were maintained pri
marily for recreational purposes, the expense was classified as an
expenditure for recreation.
M EDICAL CA RE

Data on expenditures for medical care include all expense incurred
for the care of members of the economic family during the schedule
year.
The total medical care bill covered fees of physicians, dentists,
oculists, and other specialists, cost of hospitalization and nurses’ fees,
fees for medical examinations and tests, cost of medicines, drugs, and
medical appliances and supplies, and health or infirmary fees paid at
college. Included also was the amount paid out for premiums on
insurance which provided benefits in case of sickness or accident, as
well as the cost of subscribing to cooperative “hospital plans” and
membership dues to group health associations. When accident or
sick benefits were included in a life insurance policy, the proportion
of the total premiums which applied to health insurance was ascer
tained and grouped with medical care expense. A similar procedure
was followed with respect to dues to fraternal organizations if dues
covered the cost of health and accident insurance. Amounts which
employers of family members deducted from wages or salaries for
accident or health insurance were included with medical care expense.
In these instances, the amount deducted was now added to wages if
such amounts had originally been excluded in determining the income
of the family.
Benefits received during the year from health and accident insur
ance were included with current money income and the expense for
the illness was recorded as an expense for medical care.
R E C R EA TIO N

Expenditures for recreation covered admission fees to commercial
entertainments, the cost of supplies and equipment for participating
in games and sports, and expense for miscellaneous entertainment
items.
Paid admissions to movies, plays, concerts, lectures, ball games and
other spectator sports, dances, and circuses were included in the
expense for recreation. The expense for commercial entertainment
covered the amounts spent by the family for paid admissions for their
guests, but food and refreshments bought for guests was classified as
food expense.




SCHEDULE FORM AND GLOSSARY

289

Included in the recreation category was the cost of equipment,
supplies, fees, and licenses necessary for participation in games and
sports such as hunting, tennis, golf, the various winter sports, bicycling,
billiards and bowling, card and other table games. Expense for
lodging while on vacation was classified as housing, rather than as
recreation expense. In the case of summer camps, when no alloca
tion of the total expense could be made by the family, one-fourth of
the total was classified with recreation expense. The cost of food on
vacation trips was classified with other food expense. Expense for
sport uniforms or sport clothes was classified with other clothing
expense. Expenditures for a vacation cruise were divided among
food, lodging, and travel, and were not classified as recreation expense.
The third subdivision of recreation expense covered expenditures
for such items as the purchase and repair of radios (not automobiles),
of musical instruments, care of pets, the cost of children’s and play
equipment, and dues to social and recreational clubs were also defined
as expense for recreation.
TOBACCO

Besides the outlay for cigars, cigarettes, and other tobacco, total
tobacco expenditures included the amount spent for smoking supplies
such as pipes, pipe cleaners and racks, cigarette holders, tobacco
pouches, and ash trays. Smoking stands, however, were grouped
with furniture.
R E A D IN G

Expenditures for reading consisted of outlay for general reading
matter such as newspapers and magazines, and the purchase and
rental of books.
The cost of books and journals which family members purchased
for use in their occupational pursuits was deducted from their earnings
and thus was treated as an occupational expense. Books and journals
purchased for use at schools attended by members of the family
were combined with expense for education. Picture books for very
young children who were members of the economic family were con
sidered toys and incorporated with expense for recreation.
E D U C A T IO N

The total expenditures for education consisted of tuition fees and
cost of books and supplies for all formal educational pursuits, whether
for initial training, for recreational purposes, or for improving one’s
occupational qualifications. The cost of room and board at school
or college was included under housing and food expense, respectively.
Included in the total expense for education was the cost of lessons
in music and art, bridge, games and sports, dancing, knitting and
sewing, tuition for religious education that was separate from church




290

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

dues, and fees for correspondence courses. The supplies for special
lessons, however, were not as a rule combined with education expense,
but were entered in more appropriate sections of the schedule. For
instance, supplies for music lessons, such as sheet music and instru
ments, were grouped with recreation expense. The same is true of
supplies for bridge lessons and of special equipment for lessons in
various types of sports. Special clothing for dancing was classified
as clothing expense, as were supplies for knitting and sewing lessons.
C O N T R IB U T IO N S A N D PER SO NA L TAXES

Expenditures for gifts which were recorded in this section of the
schedule were restricted to gifts and donations made by family
members to persons outside the economic family and to organiza
tions. Presents bought by one family member for another were
classified in appropriate sections of the schedule.
Gifts to household help and other servants were combined with
expense for paid help, while the amount of tips given to persons per
forming a personal service, such as waitresses, hairdressers, and the
like, was added to the expense for the service in question.
Classified in this category were expenditures for presents for special
occasions to persons outside the economic family, contributions to
the support of relatives not members of the family, charitable dona
tions to individuals and to community chests and other welfare agen
cies, donations to church and religious organizations, and contribu
tions to political parties, alumni associations, and the like.
Contributions to the support of relatives usually covered such
items as cash given to relatives for current living expenses, bills paid
(not incurred) for nonmembers of the family for such items as medical
care, or for funeral expenses assumed by the family. Amounts paid
in premiums for the insurance of persons who were not members of
the economic family were also included in gifts made by the family,
regardless of the beneficiary of the policy. The purchase price of
gifts of property, such as real estate or stocks and bonds, was included
with the total expense for gifts if the property was purchased during
the schedule year.
Poll, income, and personal property taxes which fall due within
the schedule year were incorporated in the total for this section.
If the taxes remained unpaid at the end of the year they were also
entered as an increase in family liabilities. Excluded from the taxes
entered here were real property taxes and personal property taxes on
automobiles. Sales and other excise taxes were added to the price
of each item of expense rather than recorded as a lump sum, and
amusement taxes were included with recreation expense.




SCHEDULE FORM AND GLOSSARY

291

O T H E R ITEMS OF FAM ILY EXPENSE

Miscellaneous items of family expenditure which were not readily
classifiable with other major groups of consumer goods and services
were combined under this heading.
This included expenditures for such items as interest on debts
incurred for family living (other than mortgage on an owned home),
fees for legal advice on family problems as opposed to business matters,
family losses, cost of funerals for members of the economic family,
together with the purchase price and upkeep of a cemetery lot.
Classified as family loss was the amount of money lost through
theft or accident, personal loans made during the year which were
written off at some time during the year as uncollectible, rent paid
for a dwelling after the family had moved from it, or before the
family had moved into it, and the amount of installments paid during
the year on articles which were repossessed through failure to meet
further payments.
ASSETS A N D LIABILITIES

The difference between the family’s total money income for the year
and its total expenditures was accounted for, apart from the balanc
ing difference, by one or more of a series of changes in assets and
liabilities. Assets include all property owned by the family and
amounts due to the family; liabilities include all amounts owed by
the family.
Among assets, as discussed in chapter IX of the text above, were
bank accounts (including checking accounts, savings accounts, and
money on hand), investments (including real estate, securities, invest
ments of family funds in business), insurance (premiums paid or
policies settled or surrendered), and such items as improvements on
owned home or other real estate, loans made to others, and that portion
of the soldiers’ bonus or of a cash gift or inheritance received during the
schedule year which was not spent for current living.
Among liabilities were amounts payable on mortgages on the family
home or other real estate, loans due to banks, small-loan companies,
insurance companies, or individuals, bills due (including charge
accounts and other bills and balances due on installment purchases),
and other items such as rents and taxes due.
The record was restricted to money changes, that is, changes in
assets and liabilities resulting from purchase and sale of property, and
other money transactions. Changes in assets due to the increase or
decrease in market value of real estate, securities, or other personal
property were disregarded unless such property was sold.
The record was restricted to the disposition of family funds; business
funds were excluded from the analysis.




292

WEST CENTRAL—ROOKY MOUNTAIN REGION

No attempt was made to determine the total assets or the total
liabilities of the families. Rather, they were asked to report only as
to increases and decreases that had taken place during the scheduled
year. For instance, instead of recording as a liability the total amount
which the family owed on installment purchase contracts, only the
amount by which such obligations at the end of the year was greater
or less than the sum owed at the beginning of the year was ascertained.
In determining the amount of net surplus or of net deficit attrib
utable to each family, four separate totals were obtained. These
were: net amount of increase in assets, net amount of decrease in
assets, net amount of increase in liabilities, and net amount of decrease
in liabilities.
The sum of the total increase in assets plus the total decrease in
debt, represents the disposition of funds not used for current expendi
tures during the schedule year. The sum of the total decrease in
assets and the total increase in debt represents funds which were made
available to the family for current spending but which were not
considered current income.
The difference between these two sums gave the net change in all
assets and obligations over the year's period. A positive result
denoted a net surplus or an excess of assets over debts, while a negative
figure denoted a net deficit, or excess of liabilities over assets.




Appendix C
Communities and Racial Groups Surveyed by the Study
of Consumer Purchases and Cities Covered in the
Study o f M oney Disbursements o f Wage Earners and
Clerical W orkers

The cities covered by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in reports on
family expenditures in the Study of Consumer Purchases are as
follows:
Metropolitan and large
cities

Region
_

N o r th e a s t

Southeast.....................

New York, N. Y .i2 . . .
Providence, R. I.

Middle-sized cities
H a v e r h ill, M a s s

New Britain, Conn.

Atlanta, Ga.2__________ Columbia, S. O.2
Mobile, Ala.2
C h ic a g o , Tll.i _ _
M n n e ie , Tnri
Columbus, Ohio.2
New Castle, Pa.
Springfield, 111.

Small cities
Greenfield, Mass.
Wallingford, Conn.
Westbrook, Maine.
Willimantic, Conn.

Beaver Falls, Pa.
Connellsville, Pa.
Logansport, Ind.
Mattoon, 111.
Peru, Ind.
West C en tra l-R o ck y Omaha, Nebr.-Council Dubuque, Iowa____________ Billings, Mont.
Mountain.
Bluffs, Iowa.
Springfield, Mo.
Denver, Colo.
Butte, Mont.
Pueblo, Colo.
Pacific Northwest_____ Portland, Oreg_________ Aberdeen-Hoquiam, Wash.
Bellingham, Wash.
Everett, Wash.

E ast. C en tra l

1 The metropolitan centers of Chicago and New York have been treated separately from the other large
cities.
Information obtained from both white and Negro families.

2
Communities covered by the Bureau of Home Economics in reports
on family expenditures in the Study of Consumer Purchases, are as
follows:
Region

Small cities

N e w E n g la n d

. Mount Vernon, Ohio___
New Philadelphia, Ohio.
Beaver Dam, Wis.
Lincoln, 111.
Boone, Iowa.
Moberly, Mo.
Columbia, Mo.
B illin g s , M o n t
Mountain and Plains
Butte, Mont.
Dodge City, Kans.
Greeley, Colo.
Logan, Utah.
Provo, Utah.
A storia, O reg
Pacific
Eugene, Oreg.
Klamath Falls, Oreg.
Olympia, Wash.
Southeast:
White and Negro fam A lb a n y , G a
Gastonia, N . C.
iliar
Griffin, Ga.
Sumter, S. C.
Whito families only
C en tra l

_

Negro families only__




Villages

Farm counties

fi in V e r m o n t
8 in Massachusetts.
7 in Pennsylvania.
6 in Ohio.
8 in Michigan.
6 in Wisconsin.
8 in Illinois.
11 in Iowa.
fi in K a n sa s _
_.
9 in North Dakota.
4 in Colorado.
1 in Montana.
2 in South Dakota.
12 in California________
5 in Oregon.
7 in Washington.

2 in Vermont.
3 in New Jersey.
1 in Pennsylvania.
3 in Ohio.
1 in Michigan.
1 in Wisconsin.
4 in Illinois.
5 in Iowa.
4 in Kansas.
4 in North Dakota.
3 in Colorado.
1 in Montana.
1 in South Dakota.
1 in central California.
2 in southern California.
5 in Oregon.
1 in Washington.
8 in Georgia___________ 2 in North Carolina.
2 in Mississippi.
7 in South Carolina.
2 in South Carolina.
8 in North Carolina.
7 in Georgia.
10 in Mississippi.
2 in North Carolina.
4 in South Carolina.
1 in Georgia.
2 in Mississippi.
1 in Mississippi.

293

294

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

An investigation of the income and money disbursements of families
of wage earners and clerical workers was undertaken by the Bureau
of Labor Statistics in the fall of 1934 for the purpose of revising the
cost of living index published currently by the Bureau. The data
from that investigation cover 1 year within the period 1934-36 and
include details on income, family composition, expenditures for prin
cipal categories and for detailed items of consumption for a total sam
ple of 14,469 families of employed wage earners and lower-salaried
clerical workers in 42 cities, all with population over 50,000. Data
on quantities of food, clothing and furnishings, and equipment pur
chased; on types of medical care received; and on changes in assets
and liabilities are also included. A summary of these findings is
presented in United States Bureau of Labor Statistics Bulletin
No. 638.
The individual cities for which data are available and the bulletins
in which the detailed data appear are as follows:
North A tlantic Region , N ew York C ity (B. L. S. Bull. 637, Vol. I): White and

Negro families.

i. L. S. Bull. 637, Vol. II):
Pittsburgh, Pa. (white and Negro
Boston, Mass.
families).
Buffalo, N. Y.
Johnstown, Pa.
Portland, Maine.
Lancaster, Pa.
Rochester, N. Y.
Scranton, Pa.
Manchester, N. H.
Springfield, Mass.
Philadelphia, Pa. (white and N •o
families).
E ast North Central Region , (B. L. S. Bull. 636):
Cincinnati, Ohio (white and Negro
Grand Rapids, Mich.
families).
Indianapolis, Ind. (white and Negro
Cleveland, Ohio.
families).
Columbus, Ohio.
Lansing, Mich.
Detroit, Mich.
Milwaukee, Wis.
West North Central and M ountain Region (B. L. S. Bull. 641):
Denver, Colo.
Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minn.
Kansas City, Mo. and Kansas City,
St. Louis, Mo. (white and Negro
Kans. (white and Negro fam
families).
Salt Lake City, Utah.
ilies) .
Southern Region (B. L. S. Bull. 640):
Baltimore, Md. (white and Negro
Memphis, Tenn. (white and Negro
families).
families).
Birmingham, Ala. (white and Negro
Mobile, Ala. (white and Negro
families).
families).
Dallas, Tex.
New Orleans, La. (white and Negro
Houston, Tex. (white other than
families).
Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va. (white
Mexican and Mexican families).
and Negro families).
Jackson, Miss, (white and Negro
families).
Richmond, Va. (white and Negro
Jacksonville, Fla.
families).
Louisville, Ky. (white and Negro
families).
North A tlantic Region , Eleven Cities




COMMUNITIES COVERED
Pacific Region (B. L. S. Bull. 639):

Los Angeles, Calif, (white other
than Mexican and Mexican fam
ilies) .
Sacramento, Calif.

125019°—40----- 20




San Diego, Calif.
San Francisco, Calif.
Seattle, Wash.

295

Appendix D
Analysis o f Expenditures by Families o f Given T ype,
Occupational Group, and Income: Rank Test Method
and R esults1

One of the purposes of the present study is to discover whatever
differences there may be in the expenditure patterns of families of
different composition that belong to the same income and occupational
group, and likewise differences in the expenditure patterns of families
in different occupational groups but of the same composition and the
same income class. The determination of such differences is com
plicated both by the extreme variability of the expenditures of families
of the same composition, occupational group, and income class in any
one year, and by the small number of schedules which it was possible
to secure for one cell within the time and funds available for the
present study. Emergencies of various sorts, differences in debts
carried over from the previous year or in accumulated reserves, and
in personal tastes result in very wide differences in expenditures
among families with identical incomes, with children of the same age,
and with fathers of the same occupational status. In any extensive
investigation of family expenditures, the classification of families must
allow for a range of income within each cell, a range in the ages of the
children, and the grouping of occupations, thus increasing the possi
bility of variation.
An examination of the average expenditures of families of a given
type, occupational group and income class emphasizes the need for
developing some method of summarizing the differences and of testing
their significance.
The method used in this report is based on a chi-square test devel
oped by Milton Friedman and reported in the Journal of the American
Statistical Association for December 1937. For a description of the
application of the method to this problem, see Bulletin No. 642,
volume II, appendix D.
Rank tests were made of the average expenditures of native white
families for each of the major groups of expenditures by family types
and by occupation, the results of which are summarized in tables 3
through 6.
The family type tests were based upon three family type groups
(I,II-III,IV-Y), the ranks being based upon the sums of the occu1 Prepared by A. O. Rosander.

296




ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES

297

pational averages within each income class and each family type
group. The occupational tests were based on five occupational
groups for the large cities and four for the middle-sized city units;
the ranks being based upon the sums of the averages of the three
family type groups within each income class and each occupational
group.
Certain combinations of items made throughout the Study were
followed in making the tests. Housing expense includes the cost of
fuel, light, and refrigeration. Housing value is housing expense
plus free rent and imputed value of owned home. Automobile
expense includes both that of purchase and that of operation.
Tables 3 through 6 present for each test, for each item, the devia
tions of the sums of ranks from the average sum expected. A negative
value means that the sum of ranks for a given family type or occupa
tion, the summation extending over all income classes used, is less
than the average sum expected; a positive value means the sum of
ranks is more than the average sum expected.
The value, Pk , gives the probability of getting by chance a value
of k larger than the one obtained. If this probability is 0.05 or less,
we have grounds for rejecting the hypothesis that the average expendi
tures for that specific item came from the same expenditure universe.
We show three levels of probability as follows:
0.05+ means a value of P greater than 0.05.
0.05— means a value of P between 0.05 and 0.01.
0.01— means one less than 0.01.

A test of significance is much more effective in rejecting a hypothesis
than in proving one, and this, together with the limitations of the
rank test, should caution the reader against making any sweeping
generalization from the test results. At best they suggest hypotheses
for further and more refined testing.




to

T able 3. —Summary of family type and occupation mean rank tests in Omaha-Council Bluffs

CO

[Income range $1,600 to $3,000]
Family type tests
(All occupations combined)
Family type deviations4
I
Food.................................................
Clothing............................................
Housing expense3......................... .
Housing value 4...... ...................... .
Household operation....................
Furnishings......................................
Auto: Total.....................................
Other transportation.....................
Personal care............... .................
Medical care__________________
Recreation...................................... .
Tobacco............................................
Reading.........................................
Education___________________ _
Gifts and taxes................................
Changes in assets and liabilities.
Total......................................

II-III
-5
—3
3
0
3
3
3
-1
-4
0
-2
1
1
-5
5
2
-1

1 Deviations from average sum of ranks (10).
2 Deviations from average sum of ranks (15).




Occupation tests
(Family types I, II-III, IV-V combined)

0
-1
1
-2
1
0
2
-4
1
1
3
2
-2
0
-2
-1
1

IV-V
5
4
-4
2
-4
-3
-5
5
3
-1
-1
-3
1
5
-3
-1
0

Occupation deviations2
k

Pk

50
26
26
8
26
18
38
42
26
2
14
14
6
50
38
6
2

0 .0 1 .05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.0 5 .0 1 .05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.0 1 .0 5 .05+
.0 5 -

Independent
Salaried
Salaried professional
professional business and busi Clerical
ness
-6
-5
4
6
2
-3
-1
.5
- .5
-1
-5
-7
0
4
5
1
0

1.5
6
3
0
0
4
5
0
2.5
7.5
5
7.5
3
2.5
-1
-1 0
10

-0 .5
2
-1
4
6
-6
4
-7
1
-5
2
-1 .5
2
2
0
3
-3

0
-1
2
-1
-3
1
-7
1.5
- .5
.5
2
0
-2
-5
-2
1
-3

Wage
earner
5
-2
-8
-9
-5
4
-1
5
-2 .5
-2
-4
1
-3
-3 .5
-2
5
-4

k

63.5
70
94
134
74
78
92
76.5
14
86.5
74
108.5
26
63.5
34
130
134

* Includes housing plus fuel, light, and refrigeration.
4 Includes housing expense plus imputed income from owned home plus rent received as pay or gift.

Pk

0.05+
.05+
.05+
.0 5 .05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.0 5 .0 5 -

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Item

00

T able

4.— Summary of family type and occupation mean rank tests in Denver
[Income range $1,250 to $3,000]
Occupation tests
(Family types I, H -III, IV-V combined)

Family type tests
(All occupations combined)
Item

I
-6
-6
-3
-3
- .5
0
5
-3
-6
-1
—3
0
-5
-6
4
5
-6

1 Deviations from average sum of ranks (12).
* Deviations from average sum of ranks (18).




II-III
1
0
6
0
2
3
0
-3
0
1.5
5
0
6
0
-3
1
4

IV-Y
5
6
-3
3
-1 .5
-3
-5
6
6
- .5
-2
0
-1
6
-1
-6
2

k

Pk

62
72
54
18
6.5
18
50
54
72
3.5
38
0
62
72
26
62
56

0 .0 1 .0 1 .0 1 .05+
.05+
.05+
.0 1 .0 1 .0 1 .05+
.0 5 .05+
.0 1 .0 1 .05+
.0 1 .0 1 -

Independent
Salaried Salaried professional
professional business and busi Clerical
ness
-1 0
2
5
3
2
3.5
2
1
-1
3.5
-1 .5
4.5
2.5
1.5
-3
-1
3

4
9.5
6
3
4
-2
0
2
3
5
2.5
4
-2 .5
-1 .5
-5
-7
9

4
-7
0
5
7
-7 .5
2
-1 0
-1
-5 .5
-1
-7
4
3
4
3
-4

-3
- .5
1
1
-4
2
—7
7
0
-4
1
1
.5
-3
8.5
1
-1

Wage
earner
5
-4
-1 2
-1 2
-9
4
3
0
-1
1
-1
-2 .5
-4 .5
0
-4 .5
4
-7

k

166
159.5
2C6
188
166
92.5
66
154
12
84.5
11.5
92.5
49
22.5
142.5
76
156

Pk

0 .0 5 .0 5 .0 1 .0 5 .0 5 .05+
.05+
.0 5 .05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.0 5 .05+
.0 5 -

ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES

Food..............................................................
Clothing............ .......................................
Housing expense3__________ ________
Housing value4..........................................
Household operation............................. .
Furnishings..............................................
Auto: Total............... ................................
Other transportation........ ........................
Personal care____________ _______ ___
Medical care........................... .................
Recreation....................................................
Tobacco.............—.......................................
Reading............................ ......................... .
Education____ _________ _____ ______
Gifts and taxes........ ..................................
Changes in assets and liabilities______
Total........................................ .........

Occupation deviations 3

Family type deviations4

3 Includes housing plus fuel, light, and refrigeration.
4 Includes housing expense plus imputed income from owned home and rent received as pay or gift.

to
CD
CO

300

T able 5.—Summary of family type and occupation mean rank tests in Springfield, Mo.-Dubuque, Iowa
[Income range $1,000 to $2,500]
Occupation tests
(Family types I, II-III, IV-V combined)

Family type tests
(All occupations combined)

II-III

I
Food...................................................................................—
Clothing................................................................................
Housing expense8...............................................................
Housing value4...................................................................
Household operation.........................................................
Furnishings_____________________________________
Auto: Total............ ............................................................
Other transportation.........................................................
Personal care........................................................................
Medical care___________________ ________________
Recreation.........................................................................
Tobacco...........................................................................
R ead ing..._____ _____ _______ _____ ____ ______
Education______________ _____ ________ _________
Gifts and taxes.------- ------------------------- --------------Changes in assets and liabilities. ................... ..............
Total.........................................................................
i Deviations from average sum of ranks (12).
8 Deviations from average sum of ranks (15).




Occupation deviations 2

Family type deviations1

-6
-5
1
3
5
-1
0
3
-6
-3
-3
2
3
-6
5
4
-4

1
1
1
-5
0
5
2
-6
1
0
4
0
-4
0
—6
-1
3

IV-V
5
4
-2
2
-5
-4
-2
3
5
3
-1
-2
1
6
1
-3
1

k

Pk

62
42
6
38
50
42
8
54
62
18
26
8
26
72
62
26
26

0. 0 1.0 5 .05+
.0 5 .0 5 .0 1 .05+
.0 1 .0 1 .05+
. 05+
.05+
.05+
.0 1 .0 1 .05+
.05+

Salaried
profession
al and
business

Independ
ent profes
sional and
business

-3
4
7
6
5
2
2
7
3
.5
7
-2
4.5
-1
3.5
-6
7

2
4
-2
5
7
-1
2
-5 .5
.5
1.5
0
6
1.5
4
4
-3
3

Clerical
0
-1
4
—2
-3
-2
0
1.5
0
0
-3
-3
2.5
1.5
-2 .5
0
-1

Wage
earner
1
-7
-9
-9
-9
1
-4
-3
-3 .5
-2
-4
-1
-8 .5
-4 .5
-5
9
-9

k

14
82
150
146
164
10
24
90.5
21.5
6.5
74
50
101
39.5
59.5
126
140

3 Includes housing plus fuel, light, and refrigeration.
4 Includes housing expense plus imputed income from owned home and received as gift or pay.

Pk

0.05+
.0 5 .0 1 .0 1 .0 1 .05+
.05+
.0 5 .05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.0 1 .05+
.05+
.0 1 .0 1 -

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

Item

T a b l e 6 . —Summary

of family type and occupation mean rank tests in Butte-Pueblo
[Income range $1,000 to $2,5001
Occupation tests
(Family types I, II-III, IV-V combined)

Family type tests
(All occupations combined)
Item

II-III

I
-5
-5
-4
0
-1
2
4
2
-4
-3
-3
1
3
-5
6
2
-3

1 Deviations from average sum of ranks (12).
r Deviations from average sum of ranks (15).




0
0
3
-5
0
2
-1
-5
0
3
5.5
1
1
-1
-3
3
0

IY-V
5
5
1
5
1
-4
-3
3
4
0
-2 .5
-2
-4
6
-3
-5
3

k

Pk

50
50
26
50
2
24
26
38
32
18
45.5
6
26
62
54
38
18

0.0 1 .0 1 .05+
.0 1 .05+
.05+
.05+
.0 5 .05+
.05+
.0 5 .05+
. 05+
.0 1 .0 1 .0 5 .05+

Salaried
profession
al and
business
-7
6
6
2
4
0
-2
-2 .5
2
2
-2
-4
- .5
1
2
-4
2

Independ
ent profes
sional and
business
-2
-3
-1
8
8
-6
0
-2
1
-1
-4 .5
0
0
4
-1
-1
-3

Clerical
3
3
3
-2
-4
1
-3
5
-1
-3
6
2
1
-3
-2
2
1

Wage
earner
6
-6
-8
-8
-8
-5
5
- .5
-2
2
.5
2
- .5
-2
1
3
0

k

98
90
110
136
160
62
38
35.5
10
18
60.5
24
1.5
30
10
30
14

Pk

0.0 5 .0 5 .0 5 .0 1 .0 1 .05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.05+
.0 5 +
.05+

ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES

Food.......................................................................... ...........
Clothing________ _______________________________
Housing expense8________________ ____ ______ ___
Housing value 4_______________________________
Household operation.........................................................
Furnishings........................................... .............................
Auto: Total...................... ...................................................
Other transportation____________________________
Personal care.......................................................................
Medical care___________ ____________________ ___
Recreation______________________ ________________
Tobacco_____________ __________________________
Reading_____________________________________
Education________ _____ _______ _____ ___ _______
Gifts and taxes..................................................................
Changes in assets and liabilities______________ ___
Total_____________________ ____ ____ ______

Occupation deviations3

Family type deviations 1

* Includes housing plus fuel, light, and refrigeration.
4 Includes housing expense plus imputed income from owned home and rent received as gift or pay.

OO

O

Appendix E
Variability in Family Expenditures

It is not surprising to find among the families of a given income
class, occupational group, and family type very wide variations in
expenditures for most categories of consumption. Such variation in
the pattern of expenditures is characteristic and quite normal and
accounts for the irregularities in average expenditures to which atten
tion has been drawn in the preceding discussion of the individual
consumption categories. A family which, at any given income level,
has relatively low total expenditures for current living may have
spent less for all categories than the average for its income class.
Such a family may, on the other hand, have had average expenditures
for the major categories of consumption, while it spent little or noth
ing for transportation, medical care, reading, recreation, and tobacco.
A family at the other extreme may have reported larger than average
expenditures for almost all the major categories of expense, or may
have incurred very heavy expense in only one or two fields, such as
transportation or medical care.
A detailed examination of the data for a number of cells indicates
that food expenditures have the lowest coefficient of variation (usually
under 25).1 Other basic and recurrent items in the usual family
budget, for which the coefficient of variation is relatively low, are
clothing, housing (including expenditures for fuel, light, and refrig
eration as well as for housing proper), and personal care. At the other
extreme, with coefficients at variation of 100 or more, are expenditures
for furnishings and equipment, automobiles (purchase and operation),
and education. These are the categories for which some families in
almost every cell reported no expenditures at all during the schedule
year, while others reported substantial amounts.
Certain of the more elastic categories of consumption, for which
average expenditures increase rather rapidly at successive income
levels (such as clothing, household operation other than fuel, light,
and refrigeration, and contributions and personal taxes), show less
percentage variation within a cell than do the more constant expendi
tures such as those for tobacco and transportation other than by auto
mobile. Although the average expenditures for these latter categories
i For coefficients of variation for food and clothing among wage earner and clerical families in Chicago,
see U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Bull. No. 642; Family Income and Expenditure in Chicago, Washing
ton, 1939, vol. II, appendix E.

302




303
show relatively little change from cell to cell, the tastes and habits
of the individual family result in actual outlays within a cell ranging
from zero to fairly substantial sums.
This is borne out by the figures in table 7, which presents by way
of illustration, for three groups of clerical families in Denver, the mean
expenditure for each category, and the range from this mean of the
expenditures of the individual families. One group contains six
two-person families, another comprises seven families, three of them
containing husband, wife, and one child under 16, the remainder,
husband, wife and two children under 16. The third comprises eight
families of three to six persons, at least one of them 16 or over, in
addition to the husband and wife. There was at least one child
under 16 in five of the latter families. All these families had incomes
between $1,750 and $2,000.
VARIABILITY IN FAMILY EXPENDITURES

7 . —Mean expenditures of Denver clerical families in 8 family type groups, at
the $1,750 to $2>000 income level, and range of expenditures of individual families

T able

Classification: Family type.
Number of families:
Renters..............................
Owners...............................
Category

I
5
1
Mean

II and III
5
2

Range from
mean

Mean

$104
467

Range from
mean

$66 $1,905
467 1,833

$105
282

542
78
166
70
54
326
142
67
26
116
34
30
42
131
48
22
22
5
109
5
110

126
77
49
37
23
131
42
39
16
94
34
30
20
83
35
22
7
5
79
5
289

125
62
109
49
59
153
94
42
108
62
121
25
19
73
31
34
12

230
85
57
58
32
130
71
54
333
56
604
88
17
61
56
57
8

90
5
518

111
6
437

Mean

Below Above

Below Above
Total income 1____________ $1,854
Total money expenditures i_ 1,837
Food:
440
Total...................................
62
Away from home.............
Clothing:
194
T o ta l...____ __________
91
Husband............................
102
Wife................................
297
Housing 1...................................
94
Fuel, light, and refrigeration
60
Household operation_______
121
Furnishings and equipment
Automobile operation______
156
121
Automobile purchase............
Transportation other than
25
by automobile......................
39
Personal care............................
94
Medical care............................
49
Recreation.................................
34
Tobacco.....................................
12
Reading.....................................
Education................................
Contributions and personal
96
taxes.....................................
Other..........................................
5
60
Net surplus...............................

IV and V
6
2

Below Above

$126 $1,841
420 1,660
87
87
51
108
34
34
27
61
22
68
201
133
18
66
85
37
10
17
323
10
554

Range from
mean

557
48
209
30
36
295
119
58
10
64
0
38
48
55
58
31
16
47
52
3
196

$382
500

$162
435

229
48
152
16
27
125
101
16
10
64
0
34
25
51
47
20
6
47
47
3
449

200
87
297
19
88
98
38
25
15
113
0
52
39
140
192
34
4
109
248
22
625

i Includes the value of housing received without money expense.

The range in expenditures for each group of goods and services
was wide. The maximum expenditure on even such a basic item as
food was about twice as great as the smallest expenditure reported, at
least for the two-person families and those containing three to six




304

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

members (types IV and V). With respect to housing expense, the
wide variation is to be explained in part on the ground that expendi
tures for fuel, light, or refrigeration were included in the rents reported
by some families. Expenditures for the latter likewise varied widely.
In most cases the maximum expenditure reported in a given field of
consumption was one and one-half to four times the mean expenditure.
In general, however, families containing one or two children under 16
and no others, in addition to the husband and wife, reported expenditures
closer to the average for the group than did other families. The fact
that, in many cases, the mean expenditure was closer to the minimum
than the maximum indicates that most families reported moderate
expenditures, but one or two families report large outlays for each
category during the year of the survey. This is particularly true
with reference to medical care, furnishings and equipment, and auto
mobile purchase and operation.
Among each group of families, although income ranged within a
limit of $250, total expenditures varied more than $750. Some fami
lies in each group thus ended the year with a surplus, while others in
curred deficits on the year’s operation. The range in this respect
was most striking. Among the two-person families, for example, one
reported a net deficit of $458 and another, a net surplus of $497.




Appendix F
Family Type Composition of Occupational Groups and
Occupational Composition o f Family Type Groups

The interdependence of occupational and family type groups made
it desirable to analyze at given income levels the expenditures of
families of given composition holding occupational group constant
and, similarly, expenditures of families of different occupational
classification holding family type constant (see appendix D). Since,
however, the data (weighted averages) presented in the text and
Tabular Summary for family type groups by income and for occupa
tional groups by income reflect such interdependence, the following
tables are presented in order to indicate the relative importance along
the income scale of the several occupational groups within each family
type and of the several family type groups within each occupational
category.




305

306

WEST CENTRAL-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
OMAHA-COUNCIL BLUFFS

T a b l e 8* — D istribution of eligible fam ilies of specified occupational groups according

to fam ily type , by income

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Income class
Wage earner
$500-$749................................................ ............................. .........
$750-$999________________ ____________________ ______
$1,000-$1,249..................... ...........................................................
$1,250-$1,499__________ _______________________ _____ _
$1,500-$1,749................................................................................
$1,750-$1,999........................................ ..................................
$2,000-$2,249_______ ________________________ _______ _
$2,250-$2,499___________________________________ ____ _
$2,500-$2,999_____________ ________ ___________________
Clerical
$750-$999....................................................................................
$l,00b-$l,249__________ ______________________________
$1,250-$1,499____________ ______________________ _____
$1,500-$1,749____________ ______________________ _____
$1,750-$1,999________________ _______________________ _
$2,000-$2,249_________________ _______________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________________________________
$2,500-$2,999__________________________________ _____ _
Independent business and professional
$1,250-SI,499........................................................................ .
$1,500-$1,749_____________________________________ ___
$1,750-$1,999_________________________________________
$2,000-$2,249_________________________________________
$2,250-$2,499________ _____________ ____ ______________
$2,500-$2,999_______ _________________________________
$3,000-$3,499__________________________________ ______
$3,500-$3,999_________________________________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________________________________
$5,000-$7,499_________________________________________
$7,600 and over________________________________ _ __
Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499________ ________________________________
$1,500-$1,749________ ________________________________
$1,750-$! ,999__________ _____ ________________________
$2,000-$2,249____________ ____________________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________________________________
$2,500-$2,999_________________________________________
$3,000-$3,499____________ ____________________________
$3,500-$3,999_____________ ___________________________
$4,000-$4,999_______ _________________________________
$5,000-$7,499__________________________________ ____
$7,500 and over...........................................................................
Salaried professional
$1,250-$1,499______ _________________________ ________
$1,500-$1,749____________________________ ____________
$1,750-$1,999.„________________________________ _____
$2,000-$2,249__________ ______________________________
$2,250-$2,499................................ ...................... ..........................
$2,500-$2,999...............................................................................
$3,000-$3,499__________ ______________________________
$3,500-$3,999............................................................................ .
$4,000-$4,999................................................................................
$5,000-$7,499_.............................................................................
$7,500 and over.......................................................................




Total

II
and
III

I

IV
and
V

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

44
36
32
31
29
34
31
26
28

35
48
42
38
37
30
28
21
20

21
16
26
31
34
36
41
53
52

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

37
33
30
33
33
24
28
24

45
43
42
41
37
40
36
28

18
24
28
26
30
36
36
48

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

39
44
29
36
30
22
26
33
27

31
25
29
32
32
23
30
31
28
36
33

30
31
42
32
38
55
44
36
45
64
67

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

56
25
28
41
31
35
23
25
34
18
27

44
50
43
33
45
32
47
32
24
29
7

25
29
26
24
33
30
43
42
53
66

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

43
23
30
40
37
30
26
32
21

44
59
32
29
27
28
36
26
32
43

13
18
38
31
8C
42
38
42
47
67

307

COMPOSITION OF GROUPS
W EST CENTRAL, 2 M ID D LE-SIZED CITIES

T a b l e 8 . — D istribution of eligible fam ilies of specified occupationl groups according

to fa m ily type , by income — Continued

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Income class
Waqe earner
$250-$499___________________________________ ________
$500-$749_____________________________________ ______
$750-$999____________________________________________
$1,000-$ 1,249_______________________________ _________
$1,250-$1,499________________________________ ______ $1,500-$1,749_________________ _______ ________________
$1,750-$1,999___________________________ _________ . . . .
$2,000-$2,249________________________________________
$2,250-$2,499............................................. .............................
Clerical
$500-$749.____________ _______ ____ _________________
$750-$999___________________________________________
$1,000-$1,249_______________________________ ____ ____
$1,250-$1,499_________________________________________
$1,500-$1,749________________________________ ____
$1,75(>-$l,999_____________________________ _______ _
$2,000-$2,249__________________________ ______________
$2,250-$2,499.................................................................................
Independent business and professional
$1,000-$1,249.................................... ............................................
$1,250-$1,499..................................... ..........................................
$1,500-$1,749................. .............................................................
$1,750-$1,999__________ ______________________________
$2,000-$2,249................................................................................
$2,250-$2,499.................... ..........................................................
$2,500-$2,999..................................... ..........................................
$3,000-$3,499____________ _______ ___________________ _
$3,500-$3,999__________ ________ ___ ____ ____ ________
$4,000-$4,999_______________ _________________________
$5,000 and over................................. ..........................................
Salaried business and professional
$1,000-$1,249_........................................................................... .
$1,250-$1,499................................................................................
$1,500-$1,749_____________ ___________________________
$1,750-$1,999________ ______________________ ___ _____
$2,000-$2,249...............................................................................
$2,250-$2,499_............................................................. ...............
$2,500-$2,999...............................................................................
$3,000-$3,499_................... ................................. .........................
$3,500-$3,999____________ ____________________________
$4,000-$4,999_________ _______________________________
$5,000 and over_____________________________ ________




Total

II
and
III

I

IV
and
V

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

44
34
29
29
26
25
30
27
28

34
35
42
37
38
35
29
24
16

22
31
29
34
36
40
41
49
56

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

34
31
28
20
22
32
26
31

34
42
43
38
32
35
34
26

32
27
29
42
46
33
40
43

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

37
43
30
26
37
29
24
26
28
31
19

28
23
27
37
28
22
25
23
17
20
26

34
43
37
35
49
51
51
55
49
55

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

33
21
25
25
26
30
24
24
28
25
31

37
49
39
35
34
29
27
25
18
20
24

30
30
36
40
40
41
49
51
54
55
45

85

308

WEST CENTRAL—ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
DENVER

T a b l e 8 . — D istribu tio n of eligible fa m ilies of specified occupational groups according

to fa m ily ty p e , by incom e —

Continued

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Income class
Wage earner
$500-$749................................................
$750-8999................................................
$1,000-$1,249..........................................
$1,250-$1,499........................................ .
$1,500-81,749..........................................
$1,750-81,999..........................................
$2,000-$2,249..........................................
$2,250-$2,499..........................................
$2,500-$2,999..........................................
Clerical
$750-$999__...................................................................
$1,000-$1,249.................................................................
81,250-81,499...................................... .........................
$1,500-$1,749....................... ........................................
$1,750-81,999.................................................................
$2,000-$2,249.................................................................
$2,250-82,499.................................................................
$2,500-$2,999.................................................................
Independent business and professional
$1,250-81,499...............................................................
$1,500-81,749.................................................................
$1,750-81,999............................... .............................
$2,000-12,249.......................................... .....................
$2,250-$2,499.................................................................
$2,500-82,999.......................................... .....................
$3,000-$3,499.......................................... .....................
$3,500-$3,999........................................................... .
$4,000-$4,999____________ ___________________
$5,000-17,499..............................................................
$7,600 and over............................................................
Salaried business
$1,250-$1,499_..................... ......................
$1,500-$1,749_............................................
$1,750-$1,999..............................................
$2,000-$2,249..............................................
$2,250-$2,499........................................ .
$2,500-$2,999..............................................
$3,000-83,499..................... ........................
$3,500-83,999........................ .....................
$4,000-$4,999..............................................
$5,000-$7,499__...........................................
$7,500 and over.........................................
Salaried professional
$1,250-81,499.................................................
$1,500-81,749...................................... ..........
$1,750-81,999.................................................
$2,000-82,249.................................................
$2,250-82,499.................................................
$2,500-82,999.................................................
$3,000-83,499.................................................
$3,500-83,999.................................................
$4,000-84,999.................................................
$5,000-87,499.................................................
$7,500 and over..........................................




Total

II
and

I

IV
and
V

in

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

44
36
40
32
33
36
30
31
22

37

41
36
38
32
32
27
28
21

23
24
30
35
32
43
41
57

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

40
40
35
36
39
35
32
35

41
31
38
33
38
36
35
22

19
29
27
31
23
29
33
43

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

38
35
38
31
33
41
28
26
28
24
19

33

29
40
24
44
40
31
51
39
47
48
59

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

28
40
31
29
32
28
31
30
35
23
45

34
37
45
41
33
36
27
30
25
29
22

38
23
24
30

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

40
53
35
27
28
34
31
26
28
26

40
25
40
48
44
34
39
42
24
22
40

20

25
38
25
27
28
21
35
25
28
22

19

35
36
42
40
40
48

33

22
25
25
28
32
30
32
48
52
60

COMPOSITION OF GROUPS

309

R O C K Y M O U N TA IN , 2 M ID D L E -SIZE D CITIES

T

a b l e 8. —

D istribu tio n of eligible fa m ilies of specified occupational groups according
to fa m ily ty p e , by incom e — Continued
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Income class

Wage earner
$250-$499.................................................. ......................................
$500-$749_......................................................................................
$750-$999_................................................................................
$1,000-$!,249................................ ........................................ .
$1,250-$1,499..................................................... ............................
$1,500-$1,749................................ ...............................................
$1,750-$1,999.................................................................................
$2,000-$2,249_____________ _______________________ — _
$2,250-$2,499.........................— .................................................
Clerical
$fm-$749
$750-$999__...................................................................................
$1,000-$1,249___________________ __________ _______
$1,250-$1,499.................................................................................
$1,500-$1,749..................................................................................
$1,750-$1,999.......................- ..................................................$2,000-$2,249____________ _______________________ ____
$2,250-$2,499-___________ ____________________ _______
Independent business and professional
$1,000-$1,249..................................................................................
$1,250-$1,499____?....................................................................
$1,500-$1,749_...............................................................................
$1,750-$!,999.................................. .................... ..........................
$2,000-$2,249................... ..........................................................
$2,250-$2,499................................................. ..............................
$2,500-$2,999................................................................. ...........
$3,000-$3,499..............................................................................
$3,500-$3,999..............................................................................
$4,000-$4,999......................................................... ................... .
$5,000 and over.........................................................................
Salaried business and professional
$1,000-$1,249.................................................................................
$1,250-$1,499________ ____________________ __________ _
$1,500-$1,749__........................... .............................................. .
$1,750-$1,999................... ............................................................
$2,000-$2,249.......................................................... .................. .
$2,250-$2,499............................................. ...................................
$2,50O-$2,999_____________ ____________________ ______
$3,000-$3,499___________ ____________________ ______
$3,500-$3,999__________ _______________________ ______
$4,000-$4,999—__________ ____________________________
$5,000 and over______________
......................................




Total

II
and
III

I

IV
and
V

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

47
47
34
35
33
32
32
32
29

35
37
38
37
38
38
33
30
21

18
16
28
28
29
30
35
38
50

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

62
38
34
30
34
28
29
30

38
41
47
42
42
45
38
34

21
19
28
24
27
33
36

47
38
28
27
36
38
21
27
34
36
37

32
31
47
39
25
27
32
24
22
18
19

21
31
25
34
39
85
47
49
44
46

39

22

100

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

100

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

39
41
38
33
30
38
26
29
23
20
33

31
37
45
41
32
28
28
41
30
21

44

28
25
29
22

30

46
43
36
50
46

WEST CENTRALr-ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION

310

O M A R A -C O U N C IL BLUFFS

T able

9.—

D istribu tion of eligible fa m ilies of specified types according to
occupational grou pt by incom e

[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]
Income class
Family type I
$500-$749....................................$750-$999........................................
$1,000-$1,249-................................
$1,250-$1,499_................................
$1,500-$1,749..................................
$1,750-$1,999._..............................
$2,000-$2,249..................................
$2,250-$2,499..................................
$2,500-$2,999..................................
non-fq 4QQ
$3,500-$3,999 __ _ ___
$4,000-$4,999 .............................
$5'666-$7’499 ..............................
$7,500 and over______________
Family types II and III
$500-$749........................................
$750-$999 — ........................... —
$1,000-$1,249__..............................
$1,250-$1,499._..............................
$1,500-$1,749..................................
$1,760-$1,999__..............................
$2,000-$2,249...................... -.........
$2,250-$2,499...................-.............
$2,500-$2,999...................-.............
$3,000-$3,499 ...........................
$3,500-13,999 .............................
$4 000-$4,999
$5,000-$7,499 .................. ...........
$7,500 and over______________
Family types IV and V
$500-$749........................................
$750-$999 .................................
$1,000-$1,249 ..............................
$1,250-$1,499 ................................
$1,500-$1,749.............— ...............
$1,750-$1,999..................................
$2,000-$2,249..................................
$2,250-$2,499____________ ____
$2,500-$2,999...............— .........$3 000-$3,499 - .......................
$3 500-$3,999
____ ____ _
$4,000-$4,999 ..............................
$5,000-$7,499 ................................
$7,500 and nvAr




Total

Wage
earner

Clerical

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

100
74
66
51
44
39
38
28
25

26
34
30
35
42
32
43
34

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

100
76
66
52
46
33
31
20
19

24
34
35
35
44
48
50
41

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

100
73
67
57
54
41
42
39
28

27
33
32
29
36
39
40
39

Independ
ent busi
ness and
profes
sional

Salaried
business

Salaried
profes
sional

12
14
7
9
10
11
37
31
36

4
4
7
12
12
21
41
40
55
100
100

3
3
5
9
7
9
22
29
9

8
6
7
7
9
12
28
27
43
38
75

2
7
11
8
16
20
54
50
42
55
25

3
e
5
6
5
8
IS
23
157

5

1
2

•
10
10
10
7
9
15
43
24
41
39
37

7
6
7

11
36
49
45
56
63

6
6

5
7
21
27
14
5

311

C O M P O S IT IO N O F G R O U P S

WEST CENTRAL, 2 MIDDLE-SIZED CITIES
— D is tr ib u tio n o f e lig ib le fa m i li e s o f s p e c ifie d ty p e s a c c o rd in g to
o c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p , b y in c o m e
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]

T able

—Continued

9.

Income class
Family type I
$250-$499________________________________
$500-$749________________________________
$750-$999______ _________ ________________
$1,000-$1,249_ _____ _________ ____ ________
$1,250-$1,499____________________________
$1,500-81,749_____________________________
$1,750-$1,999 ___________ ________________
$2,000-$2,249_____________ ____ _______
$2,250-$2,499____________________________
$2,500-$2,999____________________ _______ $3,000-$3,499_____________________________
$3,500~$3,999 . __________ _________ ..
$4,006-$4,999 ____ ____________ ________
$5^000 and over_______________ __________
Family types II and III
$250-$499 _______________________________
$500-$749________________________________
$750-$999 ____________________________
$1,000-$1,249____________________________
$1,250-$1,499_____________________________
$1,500-SI,749_____________________________
$1,750-$1,999 ______ ____:______________
$2,000-$2,249________________ ____________
$2,250-$2,499_______________ _____________
$2,500-$2,999____________ _____________ _
$3*000-$3,499_____________________________
$3,500-$3,999_.__________________________
$4,000-$4,999 ___________________________
$5,000 and over______________ _ _______
Family types IV and V
$250-$499____________________ ____ ______
$500-$749________________________________
$750-$999__________________ ______ ______
$1,000-$l,249______________ ______ _______
$1,250-$1,499_____________________________
$1,500-$1,749.................................... ....................
$1,750-$1,999_______ ______________ ______
$2,000-$2,249____________________________
$2,250-$2,499 ___________________________
$2,500-$2,999 ____________________________
$3,000-$3,499 ........................................ ...............
$3,500-$3,999 _______ ____________________
$4,000-$4,999 .......................................................
$5,000 and over....................................................

125019




Total

Wage
earner

Clerical

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

100
83

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

100
83

78
59
55
50
48
39
32

80
60
57
53
42
33
24

100
83
80
63
53
49
50
46
39

17
22
19
20

23
32
31
32

17
20
24
27
24
32
3S
36

17
20
18

30
28
26
30
28

Independ
ent busi
ness and
profes
sional

2016
16
10
14

18
41
30
43
41
43

107
10
13
10
18

40
27
42
35
59

11
11149

14

18
42
29
43
33
61

Salaried
business
and pro
fessional

65
11
10
16

18
59
70
57
59
57

6

9
13
13
19
60
73
58
65
41

22

65

9
13
15
15
58
71
57
67
39

312

W E S T C E N T R A L —R O C K Y M O U N T A I N R E G IO N

DENTES
T

a b l e 9.—

D is tr ib u tio n o f e lig ib le fa m ilie s o f sp e c ifie d ty p e s a c c o r d in g to
o c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p b y in c o m e
[White nonrelief families including husband and wife, both native born]

Income class
Family type f
$500-$749 ................................
$750-$999__ _________________
_________
$1,000-$1,249
$i;250-$M99_________________
$1,500-81,749_________________
$1,750-$1,999________________
$2,000-$2,249________________
$2,250-$2,499_________________
$2,500-$2,999______ __________
$3,000-$3,499
. ___
$3,500-$3,999
___
.......... .......
$4,000-$4,999
$5,000-$7,499
_______
$7,500 and over __ _________
Family types II and III
$500-$749 __ .. _________
_____________
$750-$999
$],000-$l,249________________
$1,250-$1,499________________
$1,500-$1,749_______ _________
$1,750-$1,999________ ________
$2,000-$2,249________ ____ _
$2,250-$2,499____ ____ _______
$2,500-$2,999________________
$3,000-$3,499 _____________
$3,500~$3,999 ____ ________
$4,000-$4,999 .............................
$5,000-$7,499 .......................
$7,500 and over _ _
Family types IV and V
$500-$749 >
$750-$999___ ______________
$1,000~$1,249 ______ _________
$1,250-$1,499_____ ___________
$1,500-$1,749................ .................
$1,750-$1,999..............................$2,000-$2,249...............................
$2,250-$2,499.................................
$2,500-$2,999______ __________
$3,000-$3,499 ......................__
$3,500-$3,999 .........................
$4,000-$4,999.................................
$5,000-97,499
. . $7,500 and over........................




,

Total

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

—Continued

Wage
earner

Clerical

100
74
71
48
37
34
34
23
14

100
76
74
52
42
30
30
19
16

100
79
67
52
43
42
43
27
27

26
29
29
35
36
37
37
39

24
26
28
36
36
36
38
31

21

33
26
32
30
26
34
38

Independ
ent busi Salaried
ness and business
profes
sional

Salaried
profes
sional

64
66
12
11

14
14
16
15
19
37
38
28
45
50

35
47
49
39
50

1112
16
12
15

6
9
8
14

22

4

85
88
9

14
28
15
23
16

5
4
9
14
14
17
38

18
29
41
31
46
60

18
33
39
45
43
27

20
24
1113

13
18

3

6

3
4

14
19

21

13

6
5
10
11

47

34

41
33
45
73

46
40
40
18

8

7
8
11

19
13
27
15
9

313

COMPOSITION OF GROUPS
2 M ID D L E -S IZ E D C IT IE S
9 . — D istribu tion of eligible fa m ilies of specified types according to
occupational group, by incom e — Continued
R O C K Y M O U N T A IN ,

T

able

[W h ite n o n r e lie f fa m ilie s in c lu d in g h u s b a n d a n d w ife , b o th n a tiv e b o m ]

I n c o m e c la ss

Family type I

T o ta l

W age
ea rn er

C lerica l

$250-$499_________________________________ _______
$500-$749_____ __________________________________
$750-$999________________________________________
$1,000-$1,249____________________________________
$1,250-$1,499____________________________________

100
100
100
100
100

100
80
81
63
67

20
19
18
15

$1,500-$1,749____________________________________
$1,750-$1,999____________________________________
$2,000~$2,249____________________________________
$2,250-$2,499________________ ________________
$2,500-$2,999______ _____ ________________________

100
100
100
100
100

53
52
48
36

30
26
25
28

$3,000-$3,499___________________________________
$3,500-$3,999___________________
$4'000-$4,999____________________________________
$5,000 a n d o v e r _____ __________________ _______

100
100
100
100

Family types II and III
$250-$499_____________________________ _________ _
$500-$749________________________________________
$750-$999_________ _______________________________
$1,000-$1,249____________________________________
$1,250-$1,499____________________________________

100
100
100
100
100

100
84
82
63
69

16
18
24
19

$1,500-$1,749__________________________________
$1,750-$1,999____________________________________
$2,000-$2,249________________ ________________
$2,250-82,499____________________________________
$2,500-$2,999............................

100
100
100
100
100

52
43
41
30

30
34
32
37

$3,000-83,499____________________________________
$3,500-$3,999_______ __________ _________________
$4,000-$4,999_________________________ __________
$5,000 a n d o v e r ______ __________________________

100
100
100
100

In d ep en d 
e n t b u s i
n ess and
p ro fes
s io n a l

16
10

3
8

6
8
13
15
35

11
14
14
21
65

32
50
57
61

68
50
43
39

10
7

3
5

9
9
9
13
43

9
14
18
20
57

31
27
30
55

69
73
70
45

11
9

2
6
9
9
12
13
60
64
55
61
42

Family types TV and V
$250-8499_______________________ ________________
$500-$749_____ __________________________ ________
$750-$999 ____________________________ ________
$1,000-$1,249______________________ ______________
$1,250-$1,499............................................... ..........................

100
100
100
100
100

100
100
87
72
69

$1,500-$1,749..................................................................—
$1,750-81,999..........................................................................
$2,000-82,249..........................................................................
$2,250-82,499............................................... ...........................
$2,500-$2,999............. ............................ ...............................

100
100
100
100
100

60
56
50
49

$3,000-$3,499..........................................................................
$3,500-$3,999..........................- .................- ................... ___
$4,000-84,999..........................................................................
$5,000 a n d o v e r _________________________________

100
100
100
100




O

13
15
16
24
25
26
27

S a la ried
b u s in e s s
an d pro
fe ssio n a l

7
10
12
11
40
36
45
39
58
Full text of Family Income and Expenditure in Selected Urban Communities of the West Central-Rocky Mountain Region, 1935-36 : Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. 646 : Family Expenditure, Volume II

FRASER
