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I V

Factory Workers’ Earnings in
Selected Manufacturing Industries
June 1959

Distribution of Nonsupervisory Workers in
Selected Manufacturing Industries by
Straight-Time Hourly Earnings

Bulletin No. 1275
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary
BUREAU
Ew an




OF

LABO R

C la g u o ,

S T A T IS T IC S

C o m m issio n e r




Factory W orkers’ Earnings in Selected
Manufacturing Industries
June 1959

Bulletin No. 1275
M a y 1960

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
James P. Mitchell, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, W ashington 25, D.C.




-

Price 35 cents







Preface
The Bureau of Labor Statistics provides in this
bulletin the basic results of a nationwide survey of straighttime hourly earnings (exclusive of premium pay for over­
time and work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts) of
non supervisory workers in selected manufacturing indus­
tries. The data reflect a June 1959 payroll period.
The survey was part of a broad program of studies
initiated by the U. S„ Department of Labor for continuing
appraisal of Federal minimum wage legislation. The Wage
and Hour and Public Contracts Divisions participated in
the planning of the survey and provided the necessary funds.
This bulletin was prepared in the Bureau's Divi­
sion of Wages and Industrial Relations by Herbert Schaffer
under the direction of Norman J. Samuels.




Contents
Page
Summary ____________________________________________________________________________
Wage changes— April 1954 to June 1959 __________________________________________
Confectionery and related p ro d u cts______________________
Vegetable and animal oils and fats _______________________________________________
Knitting m ills _______________________________________________________
Men1s seam less hosiery m ills ___________________________________________________
Men’ s, youths1, and boys1 furnishings, work clothing,
and allied garments ______________________________________________________________
Men*s, youths1, and boys* shirts (except work shirts),
collars, and nightwear ___________________________________________________________
Women’ s, m is s e s 1, children’ s, and infants* under garments _________________
Girls*, children’ s, and infants* outerwear ______________________________________
Miscellaneous apparel and accessories __________________________________________
Miscellaneous fabricated textile products _______________________________________
Sawmills and planing m ills, general _____________________________________________
Wooden containers _________________________________________________________________
Miscellaneous wood products _____________________________________________________
Household furniture ________________________________________________________________
Handbags and other personal leather goods _____________________________________
Toys, amusement, sporting and athletic goods _______________________________
Costume jewelry, costume novelties, buttons, and
miscellaneous notions, except precious metals ______________________________

1
3
5
5
6
7
8
9
9
10
11
12
13
14
14
15
16
16
17

Tables:
lo Number and average straight-tim e hourly earnings of all nonsupervisory workers in selected manufacturing industries by selected
characteristics, United States and South, June 1959 __________________
2. Percentage distribution of all nonsupervisory workers in selected
manufacturing industries by average straight-tim e hourly earn­
ings, United States and South, June 1959 _______________________________
3. Percentage distribution of all nonsupervisory workers in selected
manufacturing industries by average straight-tim e hourly earn­
ings for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas,
United States and South, June 1959 ______________________________________
4. Percentage distribution of all production workers in selected manu­
facturing industries by average straight-tim e hourly earnings,
United States and South, June 1959 ______________________________________
5. Percentage distribution of all production workers in selected manu­
facturing industries by average straight-tim e hourly earnings
for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas,
United States and South, June 1959_______________________________________
6. Average straight-tim e hourly earnings and percent of production
workers earning less than specified amounts of pay in selected
manufacturing industries, United States, April 1954, April 1956,
May 1958, and June 1959 _________________________________________________
7. Average straight-tim e hourly earnings and percent of production
workers earning less than specified amounts of pay in selected
manufacturing industries, South, April 1954, April 1956,
May 1958, and June 1959 _________________________________________________

18
19

24
29

35

40

42

Appendixes:
A.
B.

Scope and method of survey _______________________________________________
Questionnaire ______________________________________________________________




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Factory Workers’ Earnings in Selected Manufacturing Industries.
June 1959
Summary
A pproxim ately 1^3 m illion non su p ervisory w ork ers w ere em ployed in
the selected manufacturing industries surveyed in June 1959. 1 The econ om ic
im portance of these industries m ay be m easured by the value o f goods shipped,
which totaled over $20 b illion in 1957, 2 These industries w ere concentrated,
fo r the m ost part, in the South and N ortheast region s, each accounting fo r about
tw o-fifth s of the w ork ers. The em ploym ent of w om en was of m a jor significance
in m ost of the industries studied, representing approxim ately half o f the total
em ploym ent. 3 The p rop ortion of wom en in the w ork fo r c e was p a rticu la rly high
in the apparel industries, w here they constituted about 85 p ercen t of the e m ­
p loy ees.
The use of incentive pay system s v a ried w idely among the industries
studied.
hi seven of the industries, half or m o re of the production w ork ers w ere
paid by this method; in five other industries, fr o m on e-fifth to three-tenths of
such w ork ers w ere paid on an incentive b a sis.
The manufacturing industries studied w ere all rela tively low -w age in ­
d u stries.
The highest average hourly wage re co rd e d in June 1959 was $ 1 .8 4 at
straigh t-tim e rates (excluding prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on w eek ­
ends and late shifts) fo r non su pervisory w ork ers in the vegetable and anim al oils
and fats industry (table 1).
The le v e l of straigh t-tim e earnings in none of the
other industry a vera ges exceeded $ 1 .6 5 , and was le s s than $ 1 .5 0 in nine indus­
trie s .
The low est average hourly earnings w ere $1. 25 paid to n on su pervisory
w ork ers in m e n 's sea m less h o sie ry m ills . In contrast, the straight-tim e average
(e x clu siv e of prem ium pay fo r overtim e work) fo r production w ork ers in a ll m anu­
facturing industries com bined, was $2. 16 an hour in June 1959. 4
The 59-cen t range in average wage lev els among these low -w age indus­
trie s re fle c ts substantial d iffe re n ce s in pay stru ctu res.
Even among those in ­
du stries studied in the apparel group (men* s furnishings, w om en1s under garm ents,
ch ild ren 1s outerw ear, m iscellan eou s apparel, and fabricated textile products),
the le v e l of earnings v a ried by as much as 27 cents.
Individual earnings, fo r the m ost part, w ere clu stered at or near the
$1 F ed era l m inim um wage (table 2).
M ost of the w ork ers, th erefore, earned
le s s than the industry a vera ges.
About a fifth of the n on su pervisory w ork ers in
all industries com bined earned fro m $1 to $ 1 .0 5 an hour. 5 The low er paid
1 Two of the industries, saw m ills and w ooden containers, w ere surveyed
in the South only.
2 1957 Annual Survey of M anufactures, U. S. Bureau of the Census, S eries
M A S -57-2, O ctober 1959. Value o f shipments fo r 1957 a re shown separately fo r
each of the industries subsequently d iscu ssed in this bulletin. Data fo r 1958 w ere
not available at the tim e this bulletin was w ritten.
3 Em ploym ent and Earnings, U. S. Department of Labor,
Vol. 6, No. 5,
N ovem ber 1959, table B -6 .
Estim ates of the representation of wom en in the
w ork fo r c e a re presented separately fo r each of the industries subsequently d is ­
cu ssed in this bulletin. This inform ation rela tes to July 1959.
4 Em ploym ent and Earnings, U. S. Department o f Labor,
Vol. 6, No. 2,
August 1959, table C -3.
5 F or ease of reading, in this and subsequent d iscu ssion of tabulations, the
lim its o f the cla s s in tervals a re designated as $1 to $ 1 .0 5 , Or betw een $1 and
$1. 05, instead of using the m o re p r e c is e term in ology of n$ l and under $1. 05. "




2
industries included in the survey gen erally had the la rg est concentrations of
w ork ers at that wage interval.
F or exam ple, in m e n 's sea m less h osiery, m en 's
shirts, and m en 's furnishings (industries with average earnings of $ 1 .2 5 , $1.27-,
and $1. 29, re sp ectiv ely ), fr o m about a fourth to three-tenths of the non su perv is o r y w ork ers had earnings between $1 and $ 1 .0 5 an hour.
Even the highest
paid industry studied, vegetable and anim al oils and fats, had a fifth of its w ork ­
e rs at that wage interval.
A verage earnings fo r n on su pervisory w ork ers in the South w ere sub­
stantially below those fo r the re s t of the country.
D ifferen ces in pay le v e ls
w ere as m uch as 87 cents an hour in the vegetable and anim al oils and fats
in du stries. 6 In 6 of the 11 rem aining industries w here com p a rison s w ere p o ssib le ,
average earnings in the South w ere low er by fro m 30 to 48 cents.
The sm a llest
d iffe re n ce was 15 cents in the m e n 's sea m less h o sie ry industry.
Industry a v e r ­
ages w ere a lso le s s w idely d isp ersed in the South than in the country as a whole.
A verage hourly earnings ranged fro m $ 1 .1 2 in southern saw m ills to $ 1 .3 4 in
southern knitting m ills and household furniture plants. Thus, the 2 2-cen t range
o f average earnings among the industries studied in the South was about 2.5 tim es
sm a ller than the interindustry variation in the country.
Among the southern
apparel industries, the g rea test d ifferen ce in average earnings was 13 cents,
about half as la rge as the nationwide d ifferen ce among the same apparel industries.
Another distinct ch a ra cte ristic of the industry pay structures studied in
the South was the significantly la rge p rop ortion s of n on su pervisory w ork ers c lu s ­
tered at or ju st above the F ed era l m inim um wage of $1. M ore than a third of
the southern n on su pervisory w ork ers in all of the industries com bined had earn ­
ings o f between $1 and $1. 05 an hour. Seven of every 10 w ork ers earning fro m
$1 to $1. 05 w ere em ployed in the South. As many as 56 percen t of the saw m ill
w o rk e rs w ere concentrated in the $1 to $1. 05 wage interval. Eight of the 14 in ­
du stries studied in the South had at lea st 38 p ercen t o f their w ork ers earning fro m
$1 to $1. 05, and 4 o f the rem aining industries had fr o m 26 to 29 p ercen t ea rn ­
ing these w ages.
In addition to geographic wage d iffe re n ce s, pay le v e ls in the urban area s
gen era lly d iffered fr o m those in le s s urbanized com m unities (table 3).
In all but
one o f the industries studied on a nationwide b a sis in June 1959, average earnings
in m etropolitan a rea s exceeded those in nonm etropolitan a rea s by amounts ran g­
ing fro m 3 cents in m en 's sea m less h o sie ry to 69 cents in vegetable and anim al
o ils and fats.
In the United States, the m a jority of n on su pervisory w ork ers in
9 of the 14 industries (w here data w ere available fo r both types of a reas) w ere
em ployed in m etropolitan a rea s.
In the South, on the other hand, m ost of the
w o rk e rs in all but one of the industries studied w ere em ployed in nonm etropolitan
a rea s.
Although m etropolitan area a verages in the South w ere a lso gen erally
higher than nonm etropolitan a rea a vera ges, pay d ifferen ces w ere sm a ller. F or
exam ple, d ifferen ces in average hourly earnings by m etropolitan area status in
10 industries in the South did not exceed 19 cents, w hereas on a nationwide b a sis,
wage d iffe ren ces in 9 industries w ere 20 cents or m o re .
P roduction w ork ers accounted fo r m ore than nine-tenths of the nonsuper­
v is o r y w ork ers in the vast m a jority of the industries studied (table 4).
C on se­
quently, distributions of individual earnings fo r production w ork ers w ere g e n e r­
ally not m arkedly differen t fr o m those of a ll n on su pervisory w ork ers.
Earnings,
6
These d iffe re n ce s w ere com puted by subtracting the aggregate earnings
and em ploym ent fo r the South fro m those fo r the United States. The rem aining
aggregate provided an average fo r the United States m inus the South; the a verage
fo r the South was then subtracted fr o m the average fo r the re st o f the country.




3
how ever, w ere low er fo r production than fo r all n on su pervisory w ork ers as r e ­
flected by the a vera ges. Wage d iffe re n ce s ranged fro m 1 to 3 cents, inclusive,
in 11 industries, fro m 5 to o cents, inclusive, in 3 industries, and 12 cents in
1 industry.
In the South, production w ork ers a lso averaged le s s than all non­
su p erv isory w ork ers, but the d ifferen ces w ere gen erally not as great as in the
country as a whole.
Wage Changes— A p ril 1954 to June 1959
The June 1959 data colle cte d in 13 of the 15 manufacturing industries
surveyed in the United States and in 10 of the 14 in the South perm itted c o m ­
p arison s of wage le v e ls and distributions of production w ork ers with those o b ­
tained fro m two e a rlie r surveys in A p ril 1954 and May 1958. In addition, data
fo r 9 of these industries in the United States and 8 in the South w ere available
fro m a study conducted in A p ril 1956 (tables 6 and 7).
Nationwide em ploym ent of production w ork ers in the industries studied
gen erally in creased or rem ained rela tively constant during the p eriod fro m A p ril
1954 to A p ril 1956.
Em ploym ent conditions in May 1958 reflected the 1957-58
re c e s s io n ; the number of w ork ers d ecrea sed between A p ril 1956 and May 1958 in
all but one of the industries studied in both p eriod s. As a result, 1958 em p loy­
ment le v e ls in eight industries w ere below their 1954 lev els.
Between May 1958
and June 1959, em ploym ent in crea sed in all but one of the industries w here data
w ere available. However, these em ploym ent gains w ere insufficien t in four indus­
trie s (m iscella n eou s apparel, costum e jew elry , handbags, and vegetable and anim al
oils and fats) to offset p reviou s d e cr e a se s.
Em ploym ent lev els between 1954 and
1958 ro s e fro m 4 to 17 p ercen t in 8 of the 13 industries, and declined fro m 5 to
10 p ercen t in the others.
In the South, em ploym ent of production w ork ers in the industries studied
between A p ril 1954 and June 1959 showed a grea ter percentage in crea se than in
the country as a whole.
Em ploym ent lev els r o s e in a ll but one of the industries
studied in the South by fro m 14 to 33 percen t; the gain in a m a jority of the ca se s
amounted to at lea st 25 percent. Between A p ril 1956 and May 1958, which in ­
cludes the re c e s s io n period, em ploym ent did not fa ll as m arkedly in the southern
industries studied as in the Nation as a whole.
The number of w ork ers in the
South d e crea sed in three industries, rem ained the sam e in three others, and
in creased in another.
A verage pay le v e ls of production w ork ers among the industries studied
on a nationwide b a sis r o s e by at lea st 13 cents an hour and by as m uch as
32 cents between A p ril 1954 and June 1959.
On a percentage b a sis, the in ­
c r e a s e s varied fr o m 10 to 25 percent, of which m ore than half w ere between
10 and 14 percent.
There appeared to be no co rre la tio n between the le v e l of
average hourly earnings and the amount of in crea se.
F or exam ple, the low est
two avera ges in A p ril 1954 w ere $1. 11 in men*s and boys* furnishings and $1. 20
in handbags, and the highest two w ere $ 1 .4 0 in vegetable and anim al o ils and
fats and $ 1 .4 5 in household furniture.
A verage earnings by June 1959 had in ­
cre a se d by 14 and 20 percen t, resp ectiv ely , in the low er paid industries, and by
23 and 12 percent, resp ectiv ely , in the higher paid group.
In four of eight in ­
du stries (con fection ery, m en ’ s and b o y s 1 furnishings, m iscellan eou s fa bricated
textile products, and handbags) w here data w ere available fo r four p a y roll p eriod s,
the in cre a se in average earnings was grea ter in the period fro m 1954 to 1956
than the total in cre a se s re co rd e d between 1956 and 1959; in m iscellan eou s apparel
_and in household furniture, the in crea se in average earnings was grea ter in the
p eriod fro m 1956 to 1958 than in the other two p e riod s; and in the other two in ­
du stries (knitting m ills and girls* and children* s outerw ear), earnings in crea sed
by approxim ately the sam e amounts in each of the three p eriod s studied.




4

The r is e in average hourly earnings between A p ril 1954 and June 1959
was accom panied b y m arked changes in the distribution of individual earnings.
In A p ril 1954, the p rop ortion of production w ork ers earning le s s than $1 an hour
ranged fro m 18 percen t in the highest paid industry to 49 percen t in the low est
paid industry.
A m a jority of the other industries had at lea st three-tenths of
their w ork ers earning le s s than $1 at that tim e. M ore than half of the w ork ers
in a ll but three of the industries studied earned le s s than $1. 25.
In A p ril 1956,
about 1 month after the $1 F edera l minim um wage becam e effective, few er than
3 p ercen t of the w ork ers in any of the industries studied earned le s s than $1 an
hour. This p eriod further re fle cte d the ea rly effects of the new lega l m inim um
by the concentration of earnings at or near $1.
In A p ril 1954, no m ore than an
eighth of the w ork ers w ere earning between $1 and $1. 05 an hour. In A p ril 1956,
as many as tw o-fifth s of the w ork ers earned fro m $1 to $1. 05 and at lea st a fifth
w ere at that interval in m ost of the industries.
The upward swing of earnings
during that 2 -y ea r p eriod was not, how ever, solely confined to m ovem ent around
the $1 le v el in all of the industries.
F or exam ple, the prop ortion of w ork ers
earning $1. 25 or m ore in crea sed fro m 43 percen t in A pril 1954 to 68 p ercen t in
A p ril 1956 in the con fection ery industry, from 44 to 54 percen t in m iscellan eou s
fabricated textile products, fro m 30 to 39 p ercen t in the handbag industry, and by
le s s e r amounts in each of the other industries.
Between A p ril 1956 and May 1958, the concentrations of w ork ers in the
$1 to $ 1 .0 5 wage interval had lessen ed in m ost of the industries studied.
This
d eclin e continued through June 1959 in m ost of the industries, although the d egree
o f change was somewhat sm a ller than in the p reviou s p eriod. However, at lea st
14 percen t of the w ork ers earned from $1 to $ 1 .0 5 in 9 of the 13 industries
studied during that p eriod. M ore than half o f the w ork ers in all but two indus­
trie s earned at lea st $1. 25 in June 1959.
Industry wage lev els w ere substantially low er in the South than in the
re s t of the country. In A p ril 1954, average hourly earnings ranged fro m 86 cents
fo r production w ork ers in girla* and c h ild r e n s outerw ear to $1. 21 in knitting
m ills . Four of 10 industries studied in the South paid on the average le s s than
$1 an hour at that tim e.
The p rop ortion of w ork ers earning lea s than $1 va ried
fro m three-tenths in m iscella n eou s wood products to m o re than fo u r-fifth s in
g i r l s 1 and children*s outerw ear.
M ore than tw o-th irds of the w ork ers earned
le s s than $1. 25 in each of the industries studied.
With the establishm ent of the
$1 F ed era l m inim um wage on M arch 1, 1956, wage lev els and distributions of
southern production w ork ers changed strikingly. In six o f eight industries, w here
data w ere available in A p ril 1954 and A pril 1956, average hourly earnings in ­
cre a se d by 10 to 27 percen t. No m ore than 5 p ercen t of the w ork ers in any of
the industries studied in the South in A p ril 1956 earned le s s than the $1 m inim um
wage.
M oreover, few er than 15 percen t o f the w ork ers in any one of these
eight industries earned between $1 and $ 1 .0 5 in A p ril 1954, w hereas the low est
prop ortion at that pay interval in A p ril 1956 was 26percen t. Six o f the eight indus­
trie s in the latter p eriod had fro m 35 to 60 p ercen t of their w ork ers earning
between $1 and $ 1 .0 5 . E xcept fo r the donfectionery and household furniture in ­
d u stries, little change o cc u rre d in the p rop ortion s of w ork ers earning $1. 25 or
m o re during the 2-y e a r p eriod.
Subsequent in cre a se s in average earnings in the South betw een A p ril 1956
and May 1958, and betw een May 1958 and June 1959 w ere substantially sm a ller
than in the previous p eriod , and w ere generally sm a ller than those re co rd e d in
the country as a whole.
In general, the prop ortion o f production w ork ers co n ­
centrated in the $1 to $ 1 .0 5 wage interval d ecrea sed somewhat by May 1958
and the p rop ortion was reduced again by June 1959. However, the $1 m inimum
apparently continued to influence wages in the South; fro m about tw o-fifth s to a




5
half o f the production w ork ers in five industries, and fro m about a fourth to th re e tenths in three other industries earned between $1 to $ 1 .0 5 in June 1959. A l­
though the prop ortion of w ork ers earning at lea st $1. 25 an hour had in crea sed by
12 to 24 percentage points in m ost of the industries in the South between A pril
1954 and June 1959, few er than a third in 8 of 10 industries had those earnings
in June 1959.
In com paring the r is e in average hourly earnings in the United States
and in the South during the p eriod fr o m A p ril 1954 to June 1959, it can be noted
that in cre a se s on a ce n ts-p e r-h o u r b a sis w ere grea ter fo r the country as a whole
in 6 of 10 industries w here such data w ere available. On a percentage b a sis, in ­
cr e a s e s in average pay lev els w ere grea ter in the Nation in four industries, ap­
p roxim ately the sam e in two industries, and grea ter in the South in four industries.
O verall absolute and rela tive in cre a se s in the South w ere m ost noteworthy in the
m e n 's furnishings, children*s outerw ear, and household furniture industries.
The follow ing portion of this rep ort sum m arizes the wage lev els and
distributions in the United States and the South fo r each of the industries studied.
D ifferen ces in earnings between m etropolitan and nonm etropolitan a rea s and b e ­
tween production and all n on su pervisory w ork ers a re a lso d iscu ssed b rie fly . In
addition, ch a ra cte ristics of the industry are noted w herever p o ssib le to provide
som e background inform ation on the nature of the industry pay structure.
C on fection ery and Related P roducts
Candy and related products accounted fo r the m a jor portion of the co n ­
fe ctio n e ry industry*s production. Value of candy shipments in 1957 amounted to
o v er $1 billion . Chocolate and co co a products and chewing gum added $626. 6 m il­
lion to value of shipments in the industry. The industry em ployed 62,000 nonsuperv is o r y w ork ers at the tim e of the survey in June 1959, alm ost half of them in the
N ortheast region. Women constituted about half of the w ork fo r c e . Incentive pay
system s p reva iled fo r about three-tenths of the production w ork ers.
Non sup e rv is o r y w ork ers in the Nation* s con fection ery industry averaged
$ 1 .6 0 an hour at straigh t-tim e rates in June 1959 (table 1). About a fourth of
the w ork ers within the scope o f the survey earned le s « than $1. 30 and nearly the
sam e prop ortion earned at lea st $ 1 .9 0 an hour.
F ew er than a tenth of these
w o rk e rs re ce iv e d le s s than $ 1 .1 0 (table 2).
Thirteen p ercen t of the n on su pervisory w ork ers included in the c o n fe c ­
tion ery industry survey w ere em ployed in the South, w here average earnings of
$ 1 .2 4 w ere 42 cents below the com bined average fo r the re s t of the country.
A ll but a tenth of the southern w ork ers had earnings of le s s than $ 1 .6 0 ; m ore
than tw o-th irds earned between $1 and $1. 30; and over a fourth w ere con cen ­
trated in the $1 to $1. 05 wage interval.
A verage hourly earnings fo r production w ork ers in this industry w ere
3 cents below the le v e l fo r all n on su pervisory w ork ers both in the United States and
in the South (table 4). Few d iffe re n ce s existed between the o v era ll distribution
o f individual earnings fo r n on su p ervisory w ork ers and fo r production w ork ers.
Vegetable and Anim al O ils and Fats
The vegetable and anim al o ils and fats industry includes m ills which
m anufacture cottonseed, soybean, and other vegetable oils, and establishm ents
engaged in rendering inedible grea se and tallow , and m anufacturing oils from
other anim ajs, such as fish . Shipments of cottonseed o il and grea se and tallow




6
prod u cts exceed those of the other products in term s of value which, in 1957,
amounted to $ 4 5 8 .6 m illion and $ 4 2 7 .6 m illion , resp ectiv ely .
Em ploym ent in
the industry num bered 30, 000 n on su pervisory w ork ers in June 1959. The South
accounted fo r tw o-fifths of these w ork ers, and the North Central States, a third.
Women accounted fo r few er than a tenth of the w ork fo r c e . Incentive pay was of
m in or im portance in the industry.
A ll but about 5 p ercen t of the production
w ork ers w ere paid on a tim e b a sis.
Non su p ervisory w ork ers in the industry averaged $ 1 .8 4 an hour in June
1959 (table 1). Earnings fo r about the m iddle third of these w ork ers ranged fro m
$1. 40 to $2. 10 an hour; a fifth w ere concentrated in the $1 to $1. 05 wage interval
and a sim ila r p rop ortion earned $2. 30 or m ore (table 2).
In the South, non su p erv isory w ork ers averaged $1. 33— 87 cents below the
com bined average fo r the other regions of the United States. Of the approxim ately
6, 000 n on supervisory w ork ers in the vegetable and anim al oils and fats industry
earning le s s than $ 1 .0 5 , m ore than nine-tenths w ere em ployed in the South.
Few er than a fourth of the southern w ork ers earned $ 1 .6 0 or m ore and over
half earned le s s than $ 1 .1 0 an hour.
M ore than th ree-fifth s of the country*s non su pervisory w ork ers included
in the industry study w ere em ployed in m etropolitan a rea s. T heir average ea rn ­
ings of $2. 09 exceeded the average fo r those in nonm etropolitan area s by 69 cents
(table 3). These wage levels r e fle c t the d ifferen ces in the distribution of indi­
vidual earnings. F ew er than a tenth of the non su pervisory w ork ers in m etropolitan
area s had earnings between $1 and $1. 05 an hour, com pared with m o re than tw ofifths in nonm etropolitan a rea s.
M ore than half of those in the fo r m e r group
earned at lea st $2 an hour, w hereas few er than a fifth had these w ages in the
latter group.
N early th ree-fifth s of the industry*s w ork fo r c e in the South was e m ­
ployed in nonm etropolitan a rea s; these w ork ers averaged $1. 18 an hour, c o m ­
pared with $ 1 .5 6 fo r those em ployed in m etropolitan a rea s.
This 3 8-cen t d if­
fe re n ce was substantially le s s than the 69-ce n t d ifferen ce between the a verages
in m etropolitan and nonm etropolitan area s in the United States.
N early th reefifths of the industry*s southern w ork ers in nonm etropolitan a rea s earned le s s
than $1. 05 an hour, about tw ice the prop ortion in m etropolitan a rea s.
A verage hourly earnings fo r production w ork ers in this industry w ere
12 cents below the average fo r all n on su pervisory w ork ers in the United States
and 8 cents below the le v e l in the South (table 4). P roduction w ork ers in m e tr o ­
politan a rea s averaged $ 1 .9 6 an hour, 13 cents below the all n on su pervisory
average, w hereas the $1. 34 average fo r production w ork ers in nonm etropolitan
a re a s was only 6 cents below the Nation*s average in these a rea s (table 5). In
the South, the d ifferen ces in pay le v e ls between production and a ll n on su pervisory
w ork ers in m etropolitan and nonm etropolitan area s w ere 9 and 8 cents, resp ectiv ely .
Knitting M ills
Three types of operations a re found in the knitting industry: ( l ) The "in ­
tegrated " m ill which pu rch a ses m a teria ls, p rod u ces textiles and related prod u cts,
and p e rfo rm s the selling function; (2) the "co n tra ct" or "co m m is s io n " m ill which
p r o c e s s e s m a terial owned by others; and (3) establishm ents com m only known as
jo b b e rs o r con v erters of knit goods which p e rfo rm the entrepreneurial functions
o f a m anufacturing com pany such as buying the raw m aterial, designing and p r e ­
paring sam ples, and assigning yarns to others fo r knitting products on their




7
account.
The products m anufactured in knitting m ills include fu ll-fash ion ed h o ­
siery , sea m less h osiery , outerw ear, underw ear, tubular or flat fa b ric, gloves,
and other related goods. In term s of value of shipment, knitted outerw ear ranked
highest with $ 7 7 1 .9 m illion of goods shipped in 1957.
S eam less h o sie ry added
alm ost $554. 8 m illion to the value of shipments fo r the industry and knit fa b rics,
$445. 1 m illion . In June 1959, em ploym ent in the industry totaled 219, 000 nonsu p erv isory w ork ers; m ore than half w ere em ployed in the South and tw o-fifth s
in the Northeast. The bulk of the industry*s production w ork fo r c e (a lm ost tw othirds) was paid on an incentive b a sis; individual p ie c e -r a te system was the m ost
typical.
Women represen ted a lm ost seven-tenths of the w ork ers.
A verage hourly earnings w ere $ 1 .4 4 fo r non su pervisory w ork ers in ­
cluded in the nationwide survey of knitting m ills in June 1959 (table 1). E arn­
ings fo r nine-tenths of these w ork ers ranged fr o m $1 to $2; slightly m ore than
tw o-fifth s earned le s s than $ 1 .2 5 , and n early tw o-th irds, le s s than $ 1 .5 0 an
hour (table 2). The la rg est single concentration of w ork ers at any one pay in ­
terva l was represen ted by the 30,678 w ork ers (14 percent) who earned fro m
$1 to $ 1 .0 5 an hour.
A verage earnings of $ 1 .3 4 in the South w ere 21 cents b elow the c o m ­
bined average fo r the other section s of the country. Half of the southern w ork ers
earned le s s than $1. 25 an hour, and a fifth w ere concentrated in the $1 to
$1. 05 wage interval.
N early a fourth of the southern w ork ers earned at lea st
$1. 50 an hour.
A m a jority of the n on su pervisory w ork ers in knitting m ills w ere e m ­
ployed in the nonm etropolitan a rea s o f the United States. These w ork ers a v e r ­
aged $1. 35, 20 cents le s s than those in m etropolitan a rea s (table 3).
In the
fo r m e r a rea s, 18 percen t of the w ork ers earned le s s than $ 1 .0 5 and 6 percen t
earned $2 or m o re , com pared with 10 and 16 percent, resp ectiv ely , in the la t­
ter a rea s.
The p rop ortion of knitting m ill w ork ers in the nonm etropolitan area s of
the South was grea ter than that in the country as a whole, and the d ifferen ce in
pay le v e ls between m etropolitan and nonm etropolitan a rea s was sm a ller. A verage
hourly earnings in the South w ere $1. 39 in m etropolitan area s and $1. 32 in non­
m etropolitan a rea s. A d ifferen ce o f only 5 percentage points existed between the
prop ortion s of w ork ers earning le s s than $1. 25 in the m etropolitan and n on m etro­
politan a reas of the South.
Wage lev els and distributions fo r knitting m ill w ork ers in production
jo b s v a ried but slightly fro m the ov e ra ll le v e ls and distributions (tables 4 and 5).
Men*s S eam less H osiery M ills
W orkers em ployed in knitting, dyeing, or finishing m en 's sea m less h o ­
s ie ry num bered 33, 000 in June 1959, and accounted fo r 15 percen t of the em ploy­
m ent in the N ation's knitting m ills .
The industry was highly concentrated in
the South w here a ll but about a tenth o f the w ork ers w ere em ployed.
Women
w ere predom inant in the w ork fo r c e , accounting fo r a lm ost th ree-fou rth s o f the
w ork ers. The incentive method of wage payment was w idespread in these m ills ;
tw o-th irds o f the w ork ers w ere paid on this b a sis. M en's sea m less h o sie ry a c ­
counted fo r about tw o-fifth s of the value of all sea m less h o sie ry shipped in 1957.
A verage earnings o f $ 1 .2 5 at straigh t-tim e rates in m e n 's sea m less
h o s ie ry m ills w ere 19 cents below the average in all types of knitting m ills in
June 1959 (table 1). Southern n on su pervisory w ork ers in the industry averaged




$1* 23, 15 cents le s s than the com bined average fo r the re s t of the Nation.
The
distribution of earnings in the South varied only slightly fr o m the o v e ra ll d is ­
tribution. Earnings fo r m ore than half of the southern w ork ers fe ll b elow $1. 15
an hour and three-tenths w ere clu stered in the $1 to $1. 05 wage interval (table 2).
F ew er than a tenth of the n on su pervisory w ork fo r c e in the South earned $ 1 .6 0
or m o re .
A ll but 5, 000 o f the 29,000 n on su pervisory w ork ers in the m en ’ s sea m less
h o s ie ry m ills in the South w ere em ployed in nonm etropolitan a rea s. Earnings a v ­
eraged $1. 22 in these a rea s com pared with $1. 25 in m etropolitan a rea s (table 3).
The m a jo r d ifferen ce in the distribution of individual earnings between the two
a rea s was at the $1 to $1. 05 wage interval; about a fourth of the m etropolitan area
w o rk e rs and three-tenths o f the nonm etropolitan area w ork ers earned these w ages.
The wage structure fo r production w ork ers in m en ’ s sea m less h o sie ry
m ills c lo s e ly approxim ated that fo r a ll n on su pervisory w ork ers.
A verage ea rn ­
ings fo r production w ork ers in the United States w ere 2 cents below those fo r
a ll n on su p ervisory w ork ers and only 1 cent in the South (table 4).
M en’ s, Youths’ , and B oy s’ Furnishings, W ork Clothing, and A llied Garm ents
Included in the m e n 's and b o y s ' furnishings industry w ere m anufacturers
o f d re s s and sport shirts, nightwear, underwear, neckw ear, tro u se rs, and w ork
clothing. The value of shipments o f shirts and nightwear was n ea rly $828 m il­
lion in 1957; underwear, $259. 9 m illion ; neckw ear, $ 1 0 9 .7 m illion ; trou sers,
$42 3 .1 m illion ; w ork sh irts, $ 8 8 .4 m illion ; and m iscella n eou s clothing, $709.1
m illion .
M anufacturers o f m en 's and b o y s ' furnishings a re divided into three
types as a re m ost m anufacturers of apparel.
The division is sim ila r to that
found in the knitted goods industry and con sists of ( l ) regu lar or inside fa cto r ie s
which p e rfo rm a ll o f the m anufacturing functions within the plant, (2) con tra ctors
who m anufacture apparel fr o m m a teria ls owned by others, and (3) jo b b e rs who
p e rfo rm a ll of the functions except fo r production.
N onsupervisory em ployees totaled 328, 000 in June 1959; n ea rly half w ere
em ployed in the South, m o re than a third in the N ortheast, and about an eighth
in the North Central area.
Women accounted fo r 85 percen t o f the w ork fo r c e
and m o st o f them w ere em ployed as sew ing-m achine op era tors. Wage incentive
system s a re w idely used in the industry^
About seven-tenths o f the production
w o rk e rs w ere paid by this method, and m ost o f them w ere paid on a p ie c e rate b a sis.
N onsupervisory w ork ers in the industry earned an average o f $1. 29 an
hour in June 1959 (table 1). Earnings fo r alm ost three-tenths o f these w ork ers
w ere concentrated in the $1 to $ 1 .0 5 wage interval.
T h ree-fifth s o f the non­
su p e rv iso ry w ork ers earned le s s than $1. 25 and fo u r-fifth s le s s than $1. 50
(table 2).
In the South, average earnings w ere $1. 14, 27 cents below the com bined
a verage fo r the re st o f the country.
M ore than th ree-fou rth s o f the southern
w o rk e rs had hourly earnings o f le s s than $ 1 .2 5 and approxim ately tw o-fifth s
earned betw een $1 and $ 1 .0 5 an hour.
A verage earnings in the nonm etropolitan a rea s of the country, w here the
m a jo rity o f the in du stry's w ork ers w ere located, w ere $1. 17.
Earnings in m e t­
ropolitan a rea s averaged $ 1 .4 4 (table 3). The d iffe re n ce s in the distributions of
earnings between m etropolitan and nonm etrppolitan a rea s w ere la rg ely found in the
low er and upper wage in tervals. M ore than tw o-fifth s of the w ork ers in the sm all




9

city a re a s earned le s s than $1* 05 an hour, m o re than tw ice the prop ortion in the
m etropolitan areas*
On the other hand, approxim ately a third of the w ork ers in
the latter a rea s earned at lea st $ 1 .5 0 , m o re than three tim es the p rop ortion in
the fo r m e r a rea s.
In the South, all but about a fifth of the non su p ervisory w ork ers in the
industry w ere em ployed in nonm etropolitan a rea s.
Although average earnings in
these area s w ere substantially low er than in the m etropolitan a rea s, the d ifferen ce
was not as m arked as in the country as a w hole.
Southern w ork ers averaged
$1. 12 in nonm etropolitan a rea s and $1*24 in m etropolitan a rea s, a d ifferen ce of
12 cents com pared with 27 cen ts fo r the Nation.
The m a jor d ifferen ce in the
distribution of earnings between m etropolitan and nanm etropolitan a rea s in the
South was the grea ter concentration of w ork ers (45 p ercen t as against 28 percent)
earning between $1 and $ 1 .0 5 in the latter a rea s.
D ifferen ces in wage le v e ls and distributions between production w ork ers
and all n on su p ervisory w ork ers w ere rela tiv ely m inor (tables 4 and 5).
A verage
earnings fo r production w ork ers w ere 2 cents low er than those fo r all nonsuper­
v is o r y w ork ers in the country as a whole and w ere identical in the South.
M en ^ , Youths1, and B o y s1 Shirts (except Work Shirts), C ollars, and Nightweax
The popularity of sport
not without som e adverse effect
m e n 's and boys* d re ss shirts and
cut in 1947, com pared with 82.
sh irts in 1958. 7

shirts has grow n during the last 11 y e a rs, but
on d re s s shirts.
F or exam ple, 164. 1 m illion
73. 5 m illion m en ’ s and boys* sport shirts w ere
7 m illion d re ss shirts and 164. 8 m illion sport

M anufacturers of m en’ s and boys* shirts em ployed 90, 000 n on su pervisory
w o rk e rs in June 1959. These w ork ers constituted m ore than a fourth of the m en ’ s
furnishings industry. M ore than half of the industry’ s w ork fo r c e was located in
the South and n ea rly tw o-fifth s in the N ortheast. The occupational structure of the
industry is ch a ra cterized by the la rge num ber of wom en w ork ers engaged in
sew ing-m achine operations— m ore than half of all production w ork ers. Women,
in fact, represen ted about nine-tenths of the industry’ s w ork fo r c e .
Incentive
pay— in the fo r m of p iecew ork — was w idely used in the industry.
Nationwide earnings in the shirt industry averaged $1. 27 in June 1959,
2 cents le s s than the le v e l fo r w ork ers producing all types of m en’ s and boys*
furnishings (table 1).
In the South, average earnings of $1. 15 in the shirt in ­
dustry exceeded the average fo r southern w ork ers in the la rg e r industry group
by 1 cent.
Little d ifferen ce existed in the distribution of earnings between non­
su p erv isory w ork ers in the m en ’ s shirt industry and those in m en ’ s furnishings
(table 2). L evels and distributions of earnings w ere a lso sim ila r in m etropolitan
and nonm etropolitan a rea s (table 3).
Women’ s,

M is s e s ’ , Children’ s, and Infants’ Under Garments

The value of shipments of w om en’ s and ch ild ren ’ s underwear totaled
$ 8 9 5 .8 m illion in 1957, and that of c o r s e ts and a llied garm ents amounted to
$ 3 9 7 .4 m illion .
The m anufacture of w om en’ s under garm ents was concentrated
in the Northeast, w here m ore than tw o-th irds of the 114,000 w ork ers included

7 1947 Census of M anufacturers, Vol. 11, and F acts fo r Industry, S eries
M C23A-08, O ctober 1959, U. S. Department of C om m erce, Bureau of the Census.




10
in the survey w ere em ployed.
M ost of the jo b s in the industry w ere filled by
w om en who constituted alm ost nine-tenths of the w ork ers.
The incentive method
of pay p reva iled fo r slightly m ore than half of the production w ork ers.
The Nation*s p rod u cers of under garm ents fo r women, m is s e s , children,
and infants paid an average of $1. 38 an hour in June 1959 (table 1).
Earnings
fo r nine-tenths of the n on su p ervisory w ork ers ranged fr o m $1 to $ 1 .9 0 an hour
(table 2). M ore than a fifth of the w ork ers earned le s s than $ 1 .1 0 ; about half,
le s s than $ 1 .2 5 ; and fo u r -fifth s, le s s than $ 1 .6 0 .
A verage earnings in the South w ere $1. 24, 17 cents le s s than the c o m ­
bined average fo r the other section s of the country.
Although w ork ers in the
South rep resen ted about on e-fifth of the industry*s w ork fo r c e , they accounted
fo r approxim ately tw o-fifth s of a ll w ork ers earning le s s than $ 1 .0 5 an hour.
A lm ost half of the southern w ork ers earned le s s than $1. 15 and all but a tenth
le s s than $ 1 .6 0 .
A pproxim ately th ree-fifth s of the w ork ers in the industry w ere em ployed
in the m etropolitan a rea s of the United States.
Their average earnings of $ 1 .4 3
exceeded the pay lev el in the nonm etropolitan a rea s by 15 cents (table 3).
In
the South, on the other hand, about a fourth of the w ork ers w ere located in m e t­
ropolitan a reas w here they averaged $ 1 .2 6 , only 3 cents m ore than those in
nonm etropolitan a rea s. In the Nation, the prop ortion of w ork ers in nonm etropolitan
areas earning $1 to $1. 05 was higher than those in m etropolitan areas by 7 p e r ­
centage points, while the p rop ortion in the latter a reas earning $2 or m o re was
higher than those in the fo r m e r a rea s by 8 percentage points.
Corresponding
d iffe re n ce s between the prop ortion s of southern w ork ers in m etropolitan and non­
m etropolitan a rea s w ere 1 and 3 percentage points, re sp e ctiv e ly .
A v era g e earnings fo r production w ork ers in this industry w ere 2 to
3 cents low er than fo r all n on su pervisory w ork ers fo r the va riou s wage ch a r­
a c te r is tic s studied.
D ifferen ces in wage distributions w ere rela tiv ely m inor
(tables 4 and 5).
Girls*, Children*s, and Infants* Outerwear
The m a jor products in the ch ild ren ’ s outerw ear industry in term s of
d olla r value of shipments in 1957 w ere d r e s s e s , b lou ses, w aists, and skirts—
about $269. 5 m illion . The shipment of ch ild ren ’ s coats amounted to $162. 2 m il­
lion and m iscella n eou s outerw ear, $229. 9 m illion . About 73, 000 non su pervisory
w o rk e rs w ere em ployed in the industry at the tim e of the survey in June 1959.
The m a jo r a rea of em ploym ent was in the Northeast, which accounted fo r a lm ost
th ree-fou rth s of the w ork fo r c e .
Women w ere predom inant in the w ork fo r c e ,
accounting fo r 85 p ercen t of the w ork ers. A lm ost half of the production w ork ers
in the industry w ere paid on an incentive b a sis, m ostly p ie ce rates.
N onsupervisory w ork ers in the girls*, ch ild ren 's, and infants' outerw ear
industry averaged $ 1 .4 7 at straigh t-tim e hourly rates in June 1959 (table 1).
Earnings fo r about nine-tenths of the N ation's w ork ers within the scope of the
survey ranged fro m $1 to $ 2 .2 0 an hour (table 2). The la rg est single con cen ­
tration in any one wage interval was represen ted by the 11, 689 w ork ers (16 p e r ­
cent) who earned fr o m $1 to $ 1 .0 5 an hour.
A third o f the w ork ers re ce iv e d
le s s than $ 1 .1 5 and a lik e prop ortion earned at lea st $ 1 .5 0 .
The South accounted fo r 15 percen t of the in du stry's n on su pervisory
w ork e rs. A verage earnings of $1. 18 in the South w ere 34 cents below the c o m ­
bined average fo r the r e s t of the country.
A lm ost tw o-fifth s of the southern




11
w ork ers w ere concentrated in the $1 to $1. 05 wage interval, accounting fo r m ore
than a third of the Nation’ s w ork ers in that pay interval. A ll but a fourth of the
w ork ers in the South earned le s s than $1. 25 an hour.
M ore than seven-tenths of the w ork ers in the outerw ear industry (g ir ls ’ ,
ch ild ren ’ s, and infants’ ) w ere em ployed in the m etropolitan area s of the country.
These w ork ers averaged $ 1 .5 4 an hour, 24 cents m o re than those in nonm etro­
politan a rea s (table 3). T h irty-tw o percen t of the w ork ers in the sm a ller c o m ­
m unities earned le s s than $ 1 .0 5 and 7 p ercen t earned $2 or m ore, w hereas in
la rg e r com m unities, 11 percen t w ere at the low er rates and 17 p ercen t at the
higher ra tes.
In the South, em ploym ent was not only grea ter in the nonm etropolitan
a rea s, but average hourly earnings of $1. 19 exceeded those in m etropolitan a rea s
by 2 cents.
The m a jor d ifferen ce in the distribution of individual earnings o c ­
cu rred in the $1 to $1. 05 pay interval; 45 p ercen t in m etropolitan a rea s com pared
with 36 p ercen t in nonm etropolitan a rea s had those earnings.
D ifferen ces in pay le v e ls between production and all n on su p ervisory
w ork ers did not exceed 3 cents and, in m ost instan ces, production w ork ers averaged
2 cents le s s .
The distribution of individual earnings fo r production w ork ers,
fo r the m o st part, pa ra lleled those fo r a ll n on su pervisory w ork ers (tables 4 and 5).

M iscellan eou s A pparel and A c c e s s o r ie s
M iscellaneous apparel included a v a riety of products such as d re s s and
w ork glov es, robes and d ressin g gowns, rain coats, leather and sheeplined clothing,
b elts, suspenders, g a rters, handkerchiefs, etc. The value of shipments in 1957
was highest fo r raincoats ($119*9 m illion ), b elts ($ 9 0 m illion ), and w ork gloves
($ 7 9 .6 m illion ). N onsupervisory em ploym ent in the industry totaled 58,000 in
June 1959* M ore than th ree-fifth s of the w ork ers w ere located in the N ortheast
and a lm ost a fifth in the North Central States.
N early fo u r-fifth s of the w ork
fo r c e w ere women.
About half of the production w ork ers w ere paid on an in­
centive b a sis.
N onsupervisory w ork ers in the United States engaged in m anufacturing
m iscella n eou s apparel and a c c e s s o r ie s averaged $ 1 .5 4 an hour in June 1959
(table 1). M ore than half of the w ork ers, how ever, earned le s s than $ 1 .3 5 and
about a fifth, le s s than $1. 10 (table 2). On the other hand, a fifth of the w ork ers
earned at lea st $ 1 .9 0 an hour and a tenth, $2. 30 or m o re .
Southern m anufacturers of m iscella n eou s apparel and a c c e s s o r ie s paid
an a verage of $1. 17 an hour, 43 cents le s s than the com p osite wage le v e l in the
other region s o f the United States. Earnings fo r nine-tenths o f the 8, 000 w ork ers
in the South fe ll below $ 1 .4 0 an hour; th ree-fou rth s earned le s s than $ 1 .2 5 ; and
m o re than half, le s s than $1. 10.
A lm ost tw o-fifth s of the w ork ers w ere c o n ­
centrated in the $1 to $ 1 .0 5 wage interval.
M etropolitan a rea s accounted fo r m o re than seven-tenths of the in du stry's
w ork fo r c e in the Nation and average earnings of $ 1 .6 4 exceeded those in non­
m etropolitan a rea s by 36 cents (table 3). F ew er than a tenth of the m etropolitan
area w ork ers earned le s s than $ 1 .0 5 , w hereas m o re than a fourth had these
earnings in nonm etropolitan a rea s. At the other end of the pay sca le, m ore than
a fifth of the w ork ers in m etropolitan a rea s earned at lea st $2 an hour, com pared
with few er than 5 p ercen t o f the w ork ers in nonm etropolitan a rea s.




12
The d ifferen ce in w age le v e ls betw een the m etropolitan and non m etro­
politan a re a s o f the South w as 4 cents ( $ 1. 19 and $ 1. 15, respectively)*
A m a­
jo r it y of southern w ork ers w e re em ployed in nonm etropolitan a rea s.
Although
the distribution of earnings v a ried som ew hat between the two a rea s, the d if­
fe r e n ce was sm all when com pa red with the distribution in the country a s a whole.
The la rg e st d ifferen ce in fee p rop ortion s o f w o rk e rs at any one wage interval
w as 10 percentage points.
The in d u stry 's production w ork ers averaged 3 cen ts le s s than all nonsu p e rv iso ry w ork ers in the United States; the d ifferen ce w as 2 cents in the South
(table 4). The wage d ifferen tial betw een production w ork ers in m etropolitan and
nonm etropolitan a rea s was a lm ost identical with that fo r all n on su p ervisory w ork ­
e r s (table 5).
M iscellan eou s F abricated T extile P rodu cts
M anufacturers of housefurnishings, such as bedspreads, sheets, and
tow els re co rd e d the highest value o f shipments among the com ponent industries
in 1957— $868 m illion . Other im portant segm ents o f the m iscella n eou s fabricated
textile products industry w ere the m iscella n eou s group ($266 m illion ), curtains
and d ra p e ries ($189* 4 m illion ), textile bags ($ 1 87 . 9 m illion ), and canvas products
($ 1 0 4 .4 m illion ). Industry em ploym ent totaled 124, 000 in June 1959* The N orth­
east em ployed m o re than half of the w ork fo r c e , the South about a fifth, and the
North Central slightly le s s than a fifth. The w ork fo r c e was com p osed o f a lm ost
tw o-th ird s wom en. F ew er than a fourth of the production w ork ers in the industry
w ere paid incentive w ages.
Straight-tim e average hourly earnings in the industry w ere $ 1.5 1 in
June 1959 (table 1).
Earnings fo r nine-tenths of the w ork ers included in the
su rvey ranged fr o m $1 to $2. 30 an hour and w ere distributed in m uch the sam e
m anner as those in m iscella n eou s apparel and a c c e s s o r ie s (table 2).
F or e x ­
am ple, 51 percen t of the w ork ers in both industry groups earned le s s than $1.35 an
hour and about 19 percen t earned le s s than $1. 10.
In the South,how ever, w ork ers in this industry averaged $1. 27, 10 cents
above the pay le v e l of m iscella n eou s apparel w ork ers in the South, but still
30 cents below the com bined a verage fo r fa b rica ted textile w ork ers in the r e s t
o f the United States. Earnings fo r half of the 25, 000 southern w ork ers in m is ­
cellan eou s fabricated textiles w ere le s s than $ 1 .1 5 , and about three-tenths w ere
concentrated in the $1 to $ 1 .0 5 pay interval.
A lm ost a fifth o f the w ork ers
earned at lea st $1. 50.
M ore than fo u r -fifth s of the w ork ers w ere em ployed in the m etropolitan
a re a s of the United States.
These w ork ers averaged $ 1 .5 4 , com pared with
$1. 32 fo r those in nonm etropolitan a rea s (table 3). In the latter a rea s, 34 p e r ­
cent earned le s s than $1. 10, about tw ice the prop ortion in the fo r m e r a rea s.
C on versely, n early a fifth of the w ork ers in the la rg e r com m unities earned $2 or
m o re , about tw ice the prop ortion in the sm a ller com m unities.
Among the va riou s industries studied w here data w ere available fo r the
South, m iscella n eou s fa b rica ted textile products was the only one with a m a jority
o f its w o rk ers in m etropolitan a rea s.
/Their average earnings of $ 1 .3 4 w ere
18 cents higher than those in nonm etropolitan a rea s. The m ost notew orthy d if­
fe re n ce in the distribution of earnings was in the $1 to $ 1 .0 5 wage interval;
23 p ercen t of the n on su p ervisory w ork ers in the m etropolitan a rea s o f the South
had these earnings com pared with 35 p ercen t in the nonm etropolitan a rea s.




13

A verage hourly earnings fo r production w ork ers in this industry w ere
6 cents below the pay le v e ls fo r all n on su pervisory w ork ers in the United States
and in the South (table 4).
The pay advantage o f all n on su pervisory w ork ers
over production w ork ers was grea ter in the m etropolitan a rea s, 6 cents in the
United States and 8 cents in the South, com pared with 4 and 2 cents, resp ectiv ely ,
in nonm etropolitan a rea s (table 5).
Sawm ills and Planing M ills,

G eneral

T im ber tra cts as w ell as the average yield per log a re rela tively sm all
in the South, p a rticu la rly in com p a rison with w estern lum ber.
This condition
req u ire s many southern saw m ills to transport both labor and equipment to the
raw m a terial. In a survey conducted by the Bureau o f L abor Statistics in 1957, 8
51 p ercen t of the southern m ills w ere found to be of the portable type. Another
ch a ra cte ristic of southern saw m ills was the predom inance of sm all m ills , which,
in the aggregate, account fo r the m a jor portion o f the output.
It has been e s ti­
m ated that 95 percen t of the southern saw m ills each produce le s s than 3 m illion
b o a r d -fe e t annually, but their com bined output amounts to about tw o-th irds of
the annual production of a ll southern lu m b e r .9 In term s of em ploym ent, how ­
ev er, 3 p ercen t o f the m ills each em ploying m o re than 100 w ork ers, accounted
fo r 29 p ercen t of a ll the w ork ers within scop e o f the 1957 survey of southern
saw m ills.
Em ploym ent in southern saw m ills totaled 148, 000 in 195910 and virtu ally
a ll of the w ork ers w ere m en.
P ra ctica lly a ll of the production w ork ers w ere
paid by the hour.
A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings in the southern saw m ill industry
was $1. 12 in July 1959 (table 1 ) . 11 Earnings fo r 56 p ercen t of the w ork ers w ere
within a 5 -cen t range fr o m $1 to $1. 05 (table 2). A ll but a tenth of these w ork ­
e rs earned le s s than $ 1 .4 0 an hour.
About fo u r-fifth s of the southern saw m ill w ork ers w ere em ployed in non­
m etropolitan a rea s. Their average earnings w ere identical with the o v era ll a v­
erage and individual earnings w ere distributed sim ila rly (table 3). Although a v ­
erage earnings fo r saw m ill w ork ers w ere 5 cents higher in the m etropolitan than
in the nonm etropolitan a rea s of the South, the distribution of earnings did not
v a ry to any great extent.
Southern saw m ill w ork ers in production jo b s averaged $1. 11, 1 cent
le s s than a ll n on su pervisory w ork ers (table 4).
T heir influence on the wage
stru ctu re was significant, as they represen ted a ll but 2 percen t of the total non­
su p e rv iso ry w ork fo r c e .

8 See BLS R eport 130, E ffects of the $1 Minimum Wage, Southern Saw­
A p ril 1957.
9 F ed era l R eserv e Bank of Atlanta, Monthly Review , N ovem ber 1955.
10 Em ploym ent in southern saw m ills, as shown by the 1957 BLS survey, was
about 20, 000 le s s than the 1959 lev el. This d ifferen ce is p rim a rily attributable
to the exclu sion in the e a rlie r survey o f saw m ills em ploying few er than 8 w ork ­
e rs , and of independent planing m ills .
11 Data fo r the saw m ill industry w ere co lle cte d in the South only.

m ills ,




14

Wooden Containers
Wooden containers include such item s as baskets fo r shipping fru its and
vegetables, rattan and w illow fo r laundry ham pers and cloth es baskets, ciga r
b ox es, wooden boxes (nailed or w ire bound) fo r industrial u se rs, and various
kinds o f cooperage*
The value of w ooden container shipments rem ained fa irly
stable between 1954 and 1957 (except w ooden boxes) although the d ollar value
had d eclin ed by 13 p ercen t between 1947 and 1954. P o ssib le fa c to r s contributing
to this d eclin e w ere the com petition fro m the paperboard industry, and the growth
in the p ra ctice o f transporting goods in bulk form . 12
Although w ooden container plants a re found in a ll section s of the United
States, they generally tend to loca te c lo s e to their m a jo r con su m ers, such as
industrial u se rs in the North Central States and vegetable and fru it g row ers in
the South. A plentiful supply of lum ber in the South contributes to the con cen ­
tration o f wooden container plants in that area. Southern m anufacturers of w ooden
containers em ployed 22, 000 n on su p ervisory w ork ers in June 1959.
Men c o m ­
p ris e d slightly m o re than th ree-fou rth s of the w ork fo r c e . M ore than fo u r-fifth s
o f the production w ork ers w ere paid on an hourly b a sis.
Southern m anufacturers of wooden containers 13 within the scope of the
survey paid an average o f $ 1 .2 2 an hour at stra igh t-tim e rates in July 1959
(table 1).
M ore than tw o-fifth s of these w ork ers had earnings between $1 and
$1. 05, and m ore than th ree-fou rth s earned le s s than $1. 25 (table 2).
A verage earnings fo r w ooden container w ork ers w ere $1. 33 in southern
m etropolitan a rea s and $1. 18 in nonm etropolitan a rea s (table 3).
M ore than
seven-tenths of the w ork ers w ere em ployed in the latter a rea s. F o r ty -s ix p e r ­
cent o f the nonm etropolitan area w ork ers earned between $1 and $1. 05 an hour,
com p ared with 30 p ercen t in m etropolitan a rea s. Earnings of $2 or m o re w ere
re c e iv e d by 12 percen t of those in m etropolitan area s and 3 p ercen t in non­
m etropolitan a rea s.
P roduction w ork ers in the southern wooden
$1. 19 an hour, 3 cents le s s than the pay le v e l fo r
(table 4). D ifferen ces in the distribution o f individual
exam ple, 79 p ercen t o f the production w ork ers and
v is o r y w ork ers earned le s s than $ 1 .2 5 an hour.

container industry averaged
a ll n on su p ervisory w ork ers
earnings w ere slight.
F or
76 percen t of a ll n on su per­

M iscellan eou s Wood P roducts
A wide va riety of products a re cla s s ifie d under m iscella n eou s wood p ro d ­
ucts including w ooden bow ls and b oard s, straw baskets, bulletin boards, cane
ch a irs, clothespins, bottle cork s, flag p oles, handles, knobs, ladders, and rollin g
pins.
Wood p reserv in g is a lso included in the industry and p rim a rily involves
the treating of w ood with c r e o s o te o r other p re se rv a tiv e s to preven t d ecay and
to p ro te ct against fir e and in sects.
The value of treated w ood shipments was
$ 2 4 8 .4 m illion in 1957 and the value o f m iscella n eou s wood products totaled
$424. 6 m illion . Em ploym ent o f 54, 000 n on su p ervisory w ork ers in the industry
w as distributed as fo llo w s: F ew er than a third of the w ork ers w ere in the N orth­
east; m o re than three-tenths in the South; a lm ost a fourth in the North Central;
12

tain ers,

13

See BLS R eport 126, E ffects o f the $1 Minimum Wage, Wooden C onA p ril 1957.
Data fo r the w ooden container industry w ere co lle cte d in the South only.




15
and more than a tenth in the West. Men constituted four-fifths of the work
force. Wages were paid on an hourly basis to almost nine-tenths of the pro­
duction workers.
Average straight-time earnings for nonsupervisory workers in the in­
dustry were $1.46 an hour in June 1959 (table 1). Earnings for almost ninetenths of the workers within the scope of the survey ranged from $1 to $2. 10 an
hour (table 2). About a fifth of the workers were concentrated within the $1 to
$1.05 wage interval; two-fifths earned less than $1.25; three-fifths, less than
$1.45; and four-fifths, less than $1.80.
Earnings in the southern region averaged $1. 23, 34 cents below the
combined average for the other regions. All but a tenth of the southern workers
earned less than $1.60 and nearly two-fifths were clustered within the $1 to
$1.05 wage interval.
Approximately three-fifths of the nonsupervisory workers in the Nation*s
miscellaneous wood product industry were located in nonmetropolitan areas. Av­
erage earnings of $1. 31 for these workers were 36 cents less than those in m etro­
politan areas (table 3). This difference in wage levels reflects the differences in
the distribution of individual earnings. Fewer than a tenth of the workers in
metropolitan areas earned from $1 to $1. 05 an hour and about a fourth earned at
least $2. In nonmetropolitan areas, about a fourth of the workers were at the
lower wage interval and fewer than a tenth were at the higher wage levels.
Of the 17, 000 workers in the South, 12, 000 were employed in nonmetro­
politan areas. Average hourly earnings were $1. 16 in nonmetropolitan areas and
$1.41 in metropolitan areas. In nonmetropolitan areas, half of the nonsuper­
visory workers earned from $1 to $1.05, compared with a tenth in the m etro­
politan areas. Little difference existed between the proportion of workers earn­
ing $2 or more, but more than a third of those in the latter areas had earnings
from $1.50 to $2, compared with fewer than a tenth in the form er areas.
Average earnings for all nonsupervisory workers in the industry did not
exceed those for production workers by more than 3 cents in the United States,
the South, or in metropolitan or nonmetropolitan areas (tables 4 and 5).
Household Furniture
Manufacturers of household furniture employed 260, 000 nonsupervisory
workers at the time of the survey in June 1959. Thirty-six percent of the work
force was located in the South, 30 percent in the North Central, 25 percent in
the Northeast, and 9 percent in the West. Men constituted more than four-fifths
of the work force. A fourth of the production workers were paid on an incentive
basis. Value of shipments of wood furniture exceeded $lV 4 billion in 1957, and
was followed by upholstered furniture at about $920 million, metal furniture at
$498. 7 million, and mattress and bedsprings at $391. 9 million.
Workers in the manufacture of household furniture were paid an average
of $1.65 an hour at straight-time rates (table 1). About a fourth of the workers
earned less than $1. 25 and another fourth earned at least $2 an hour (table 2).
Average hourly earnings of $1. 34 in the South were 48 cents below the
combined average for the rest of the country. In contrast with the United States
as a whole, half of the workers in the South earned less than $1. 25, twice the
proportion in the Nation.




16
Almost three-fifths of the Nation's nonsupervisory workers in the house­
hold furniture industry were located in metropolitan areas where they averaged
$1, 81 an hour, 39 cents above the pay level in nonmetropolitan areas (table 3).
Individual earnings were distributed differently in the two areas. Two-thirds of
the workers in the nonmetropolitan areas earned less than $ 1. 50 and more than
two-fifths, less than $1.25. In metropolitan areas, two-thirds of the workers
earned at least $1. 50, and more than a third earned $2 or more.
In the South, three-fifths of the nonsupervisory workers were employed
in nonmetropolitan areas.
Their average earnings of $1.27 were 19 cents be­
low those in metropolitan areas. Three-fifths of the workers in nonmetro­
politan areas earned less than $1.25 and a sixth earned $1.50 or more, com ­
pared with two-fifths and one-third, respectively, in metropolitan areas.
Average hourly earnings of production workers fell below those of all
nonsupervisory workers by 2 cents in the country as a whole and by 1 cent in
the South (table 4).
Handbags and Other Personal Leather Goods
Nonsupervisory employment in establishments manufacturing leather
handbags and other personal leather goods numbered 27, 000 in June 1959. The
industry was highly concentrated in the Northeast region, which accounted for
nearly nine-tenths of the workers. More than two-thirds of the industry's work
force were women. Production workers paid on an hourly basis represented
85 percent of the work force. Shipments of women's leather handbags were valued
at $203. 3 million in 1957 and billfolds, wallets, and key cases, at $66. 3 million.
Nonsupervisory workers in the industry averaged $1.49 an hour in
June 1959 (tables 1). Although individual earnings for about nine-tenths of the
workers included in the survey ranged from $1 to $2.20, almost half earned
less than $1. 30, and more than a fourth earned less than $1. 15 (table 2).
Nationally, almost four-fifths of the nonsupervisory workers were em­
ployed in metropolitan areas. Average earnings of $1.51 for these workers ex­
ceeded those in nonmetropolitan areas by 6 cents (table 3). About the same p ro­
portions of workers in each area, two-fifths, had earnings of less than $1.25.
The proportion of workers in metropolitan areas earning $2 or more, however,
was 16 percent, 7 percentage points greater than in nonmetropolitan areas.
Workers employed in production jobs averaged $1.44 an hour, 5 cents
less than all nonsupervisory workers (table 4). The difference in pay levels be­
tween production workers in metropolitan areas and nonmetropolitan areas was
3 cents (table 5).
Toys, Amusement, Sporting and Athletic Goods
More than half of the 81, 000 nonsupervisory workers in plants engaged
in manufacturing toys, amusement, sporting * and athletic goods were employed
in the Northeast States and three-tenths in the North Central States. The re ­
maining workers were about equally divided between the South and the West.
Nearly half of the industry's work force was composed of women. The incentive
method of pay applied to about a fourth of the production workers. Thp major
items among the various products manufactured in the industry were games and
toys (except dolls and children's vehicles) with a shipment value of $457. 5 million
in 1957, and sporting and athletic goods with a shipment value of $424.8 million.




17
Average straight-time hourly earnings were $1. 57 in June 1959 (table 1).
Half of the workers within the scope of the survey earned at least $1.50 and
more than a fifth received $1.90 or more (table 2)• Another fifth of the work
force earned between $1 and $1.15 an hour.
In the metropolitan areas of the Nation, where four-fifths of the indus­
try^ workers were employed, average earnings were $1.60 an hour, compared
with $1.48 in nonmetropolitan areas (table 3). Twenty-nine percent of the work­
ers in the former areas earned less than $1.25 and 19 percent earned $2 or
more, whereas 35 percent in the latter areas were at the lower level of pay and
9 percent at the upper level.
Average hourly earnings of $1.54 for production workers in the indus­
try were 3 cents below the pay level for all non supervisory workers (table 4).
Production workers averaged $1.56 in metropolitan areas and $1.45 in non­
metropolitan areas.
This 11-cent differential was 1 cent less than the differ­
ential between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas for all nonsupervisory
workers (tables 5).
Costume Jewelry, Costume Novelties, Buttons, and
Miscellaneous Notions, except Precious Metals
The value of needles, pins, fasteners, and similar notions shipped in 1957
amounted to $218. 6 million; costume jewelry and notions totaled $213.1 million.
Button shipments in that year were valued at approximately $54.9 million. The
industry employed 55, 000 nonsupervisory workers in June 1959, almost ninetenths of whom were located in the Northeast region. About half of the work
force consisted of women. More than four-fifths of the industry’ s production
workers were paid time rates.
Average straight-time hourly earnings were $1.48 an hour for the non­
supervisory workers included in the survey in June 1959 (table 1). Individual
earnings for approximately the middle half of the workers ranged from $1. 15 to
$1.70 an hour.
The largest single concentration of workers at any one wage
interval was an eighth who earned from
1 to $1.05 an hour (table 2).
Almost nine-tenths of the industry’ s work force were employed in m etro­
politan areas.
Contrary to the usual pattern, average earnings of $1.45 for
these workers were 24 cents below the level in nonmetropolitan areas (table 3).
More than two-fifths of the metropolitan area workers earned less than $1.25,
nearly twice the proportion in nonmetropolitan areas. At the other end of the
pay scale, almost a fourth of those in the latter areas earned at least $2, about
twice the proportion in the metropolitan areas.
Production workers in this industry averaged $1. 42 an hour, 6 cents less
than the average for all nonsupervisory workers (table 4). Average earnings for
production workers in metropolitan areas were 7 cents an hour below the average
for all nonsupervisory workers in these areas, but earnings averaged the same in
nonmetropolitan areas.
The difference in average earnings between production
workers in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas amounted to 31 cents (table 5).




T a b le

N u m b e r an d a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 of a l l n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s by s e l e c t e d c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s ,
United S t a t e s a n d South,2 June 1959
U nited Stat es

S .I.C .
c od e 3

Ite m

South

U ni ted S ta te s

Number
Number
Average
Average
of
of
ho u r ly
h o u r ly
workers
worker s
earnings 1
earnings 1
( 0 0 0 's)
( 0 0 0 's)

2G7

C o n f e c t i o n e r y and r e l a t e d p r o d u c ts —
M e t r o p o li t a n a r e a s 4 ___________________

62
.

$ 1.60
_

8
-

$ 1 .2 4
-

2091 -5

V e g e t a b l e an d a n i m a l o il s and f a t s ___
M e t r o p o li t a n a r e a s ____________________
N o n m e t r o p o l it a n a r e a s _______________
Knitting m i l l s ________________________________
M e t r o p o li t a n a r p a s
_
...... .
N o n m e tr o p o lit a n a r e a s

30
19
11
219
100
118
33
6
27

1.84
2.09
1 .40
1.44
1.55
1 .35
1.25
1.27
1.2 4

12
5
7
114
28
87
29
5
24

1.33
1.5 6
1.18
1.34
1.3 9
1.3 2
1.23
1.25
1 .22

328
145
184

1.29
1.44
1.17

154
28
126

1.14
1.24
1 . 12

90
31
59

1.27
1 .43
1.17

50
8
42

1. 15
1.2 6
1.13

114
74
40

1.38
1.43
1.28

22
6
16

1.24
1.26
1 .23

73
53
20

1.47
1.5 4
1.3 0

11
4
7

1. 18
1. 17
1 . 19

58
42
16

1.54
1.64
1.28

8
3
5

1. i 7
1.19

225

Seamless hosiery mills (men's) _____
Metropolitan areas ____________________
Nonmetr opolitan a r ea s _______________
Men's, youths', andboys' f u r n is h in g s ,
work clothing, and allied
garments
_ __ _____ _______ __
Metropolitan areas ____________________

2252

23 2

N o n m e tr o p o lit a n a r e a s
M e n ' s , y o u t h s ', an d b o y s ' s h ir t s
(e xc e p t w o r k s h i r t s ) , c o l l a r s ,
an d n ig h tw ea r _____________________________
M e t r o p o li t a n a r e a s ____________________
N o n m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s _______________
W o m e n ' s , m i s s e s ' , c h i l d r e n ' s , and
i n fa n t s 'u n d e r g a r m e n t s
M e t r o p o li t a n a r e a s ____________________
N o n m e t r op olit an a r e a s _ ____________
G i r l s ' , c h i l d r e n ' s , an d i n f a n t s '
o u te r w e a r
M e t r o p o li t a n a r e a s ____________________
N o n m e tr o p o lit a n a r e a s
M i s c e l l a n e o u s a p p a r e l an d
a c c e s s o r i e s ________________________________
M e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s ____________________
N o n m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s _________ ___

2321

234

236

23 8

S . I . C.
co d e 3

It e m

00

South

Num ber
Number
Average
Average
of
of
h o u r ly
h o ur ly
w orkers
w orkers
earnings 1
earnings 1
( 0 0 0 's)
( 0 0 0 's)

239

M i s c e l l a n e o u s f a b r i c a t e d te x t il e
__________________________________
p r o d u c ts
M e t r o p o li t a n a j - e a s
. . .
N o n m e t r o p o l it a n a r e a s
__ __
242 1
S a w m i l l s a n d planing m i l l s ,
general 5 _
M e t r o p o li t a n a r e a s __________ ___
N o n m e t r o n n li ta n , a r e a s
-----------------W o o d e n c o n t a in e r s 9
.
............
244
M etropolitan a r e a s
___ ________ __
N o n m e t r o p o l it a n a r e a s
__ __ ___
M i s c e l l a n e o u s w o o d p r o d u c t s ___ ______
24 9
M e t r o p o li t a n a r e a s
____ ____________
N o n m e t r o p o l it a n a r e a s ______________
251
H o u s e h o l d f u r n it u r e ______________________
M e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s _ _ ______
N o n m e tr o p o lit a n a r e a s
__
3 17
H an d b ag s a n d othe r p e r s o n a l
l e a t h e r g o o d s _ ________ __ „
________
M e t r o p o li t a n a r e a s _ __________
N o n m e t r o p o l it a n a r e a s ______________
39 4
T o y s , a m u s e m e n t , sp o r ti n g an d
a t h le t ic g o o d s
_
___
__ ______
M e tr o p o lit a n a r e a s
. . .
_
N o n m e t r o p o l it a n a r e a s
_____
396
Costum e jew elry, costum e novelties,
bu tto n s , a n d m i s c e l l a n e o u s n o t i o n s ,
e x c e p t p r e c io u s m e t a l
.......................
M e t r o p o li t a n a r e a s _ ________________
N onm etropolitan a r e a s
____

124
103
21

$ 1.51
1.54
1 .32

25
16
10

$ 1 .2 7
1 .34
1.16

_

_
_

54
23
32
2 60
153
108

1.46
1.67
1.31
1.65
1.81
1.42

148
23
125
22
6
16
17
5
12
95
37
57

1.12
1.17
1 . 12
1.22
1 .33
1 . 18
1.23
1.4 1
1. 16
1 .34
1.46
1.27

27
21
6

1.49
1.51
1 .45

-

-

81
65
16

1.57
1.60
1.48

_

_
_

-

-

55
48
7

1.4 8
1.45
1.69

_
_
_

_
_

1 ,1 5

1 E x c l u d e s p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t i m e a n d for w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o li d a y s , an d la t e s h i f t s .
2 T h e So uther n S ta te s in cl ud e A l a b a m a , A r k a n s a s , D e l a w a r e , D i s t r i c t of C o l u m b i a , F l o r i d a , G e o r g i a , K e n t u c k y , L o u i s i a n a , M a r y l a n d , M i s s i s s i p p i , N o r t h C a r o l i n a ,
O k l a h o m a , South C a r o l i n a , T e n n e s s e e , T e x a s , V i r g i n i a , an d W e s t V i r g i n i a .
3 T h e s co p e of the i n d u s t r y g r o u p s stud ied is de fine d in the 1957 ed it i o n of the Sta n d ar d In d u s t r i a l C l a s s i f i c a t i o n M a n u a l , p r e p a r e d by the B u r e a u of the B ud ge t.
4 Sta nda rd m e t r o p o li t a n a r e a s , a s d e f in e d by the B u r e a u of the B u d ge t, a r e a r e a s con tain in g at l e a s t 1 c e n t r a l c i t y o f 5 0 , 0 0 0 popul atio n an d incl ud in g ad d i ti o n a l a r e a s
a r o u n d suc h c it ie s i f they m e e t c e r t a i n c r i t e r i a of being m e t r o p o li t a n in c h a r a c t e r an d e c o n o m i c a l l y i n t e g r a te d with the c e n t r a l c it y .
5 Data w e r e c o l l e c t e d in the South on ly .
NOTE:




D a s h e s in d ic a te no data r e p o r t e d or data that do not m e e t pu blic at ion c r i t e r i a .

B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g ,

s u m s o f in d iv id u al i t e m s m a y not equ al t ot al .

T a b le 2.

P e r c e n t a g e d is t r ib u t i o n o f a ll n o n s u p e r v i is o r y w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s
b y a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s , 1 U ni te d St a t e s and South, June 19 5 9

--------- 1-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Confectionery and related products
Average hourly earnings 1
(in cents)

United States
Percent
of
workers

Under

100 ________________________________

South

Cumulative Percent
percent of
of
workers
workers

Vegetable and animal oils and fats
South

United States

Cumulative Percent
percent of
of
workers
workers

Kn it tin g m i l l s

Cumulative Percent
of
percent of
workers
workers

South

United States

Cumulative
percent of
workers

Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

0.8

0 .8

Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

1.3

1.3

0. 3

0.3

1.2

1.2

0 .6

0 .6

1.2

1.2

100
105
110
11 5
1 20

and
and
and
and
and

under
un der
under
u n d er
under

105
1 1 0 ______ _______________
115 _________ ____________
120 _
_
125 ______________________

6. 1
2.2
3 .0
4. 3
3 .8

6.4
8. 6
11. 6
15. 9
19.6

2 5 .6
8 .8
7 .3
14. 1
8 .2

26. 9
35. 7
43. 0
57. 1
6 5.3

19. 8
3 .0
3 .0
1.6
1.3

2 0.4
23 .4
2 6 .4
28. 0
2 9 .4

44. 5
6. 6
5 .4
3 .6
2 .2

4 5 .8
5 2 .4
57. 8
6 1 .4
6 3 .5

14. 0
6. 1
7.3
7. 1
5. 7

14. 9
20 .9
2 8 .2
35.3
41. 0

18.3
8. 1
8.7
7. 3
6.3

19.5
2 7 .6
3 6.3
4 3 .6
4 9 .9

125
1 30
135
1 40
145

and
and
and
and
and

u n de r
under
under
under
under

1 3 0 ______________________
13 5 ______________________
14 0
145 ______________________
1 5 0 ______________________

6. 6
5. 5
7 .4
4. 8
5. 6

26 .2
31. 7
39. 1
43. 9
49. 5

4 .4
3.5
4. 5
4. 4
2. 0

6 9.6
73. 1
77. 6
82. 0
84. 0

2. 1
. 7
1.6
1. 0
1. 0

3 1.5
32 .2
3 3 .8
3 4 .8
3 5 .8

3 .0
1.3
2 .3
1. 0
1. 5

6 6 .5
6 7 .9
7 0.2
71 .2
72. 6

6. 7'
5.JL
5.2
4 .6
3.6

4 7.7
5 2.9
58. 1
6 2 .7
6 6 .3

7 .2
5 .4
5. 7
4.7
3.2

57. 1
62. 5
6 8.2
72 .9
76. 1

15 0
1 60
1 70
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
u n d er
under
under

1 6 0 ______________________
1 <0 ______________________
1 80
...........................
1 9 0 ______ _______________
2 00 ______________________

9. 1
6. 7
5. 3
6 .4
5 .2

59.2
65. 9
71.2
77 .5
82. 7

6. 8
2.3
2 .2
1.5
1. 0

9 0 .8
93. 1
95.3
96. 8
97 . 9

4. 7
3.7
3.8
4 .3
6 .6

40. 5
4 4 .2
48. 1
52.3
58. 9

3. 1
2 .3
3 .9
3 .6
2 .5

7 5 .7
78. 0
82. 0
85. 6
88. 1

7.4
5.4
5. 1
3. 1
2. 0

73. 7
79. 1
8 4 .2
87 .4
89 .4

6 .3
3. 9
3.5
2 .8
1. 6

8 2 .4
8 6.3
8 9 .8
92. 7
9 4.3

200
210
220
2 30
240

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

2 1 0 ______________________
2 2 0 ______________________
2 3 0 ___________
_______
2 4 0 ______________________
2 5 0 ______________________

4. 0
3.4
1.9
2. 0
1.2

86. 7
90.2
92. 0
94. 0
95.2

1. 0
.4
.2
. 1

9 8.9
9 9.2
9 9 .4
9 9 .6
9 9.6

8 .3
5.3
6.2
3.5
3. 1

67.2
7 2.6
78. 7
82 .3
85 .4

2 .9
2 .3
2. 1
1.3
.6

91. 0
93.3
9 5 .4
9 6 .7
97.3

2 .3
1. 6
1.4
.9
.8

91. 7
93.3
94. 7
9 5 .6
9 6 .4

1.3
I. 1
. 9
.7
. 5

95. 6
9 6 .7
9 7 .6
98.2
98. 8

250
260
270
280
290

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

260
270
280
290
300

______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________

1.4
.7
.4
.4
.3

96.7
97.4
97 . 8
98.2
98.5

o
(2 )
-

99.7
99.7
99.7
99.7
99.7

4 .4
2. 1
2. 1
1. 0
.5

8 9.7
91 .9
94. 0
95. 0
9 5 .5

. 7
.3
.4
. 5

. 9
.4
.4
. 3
. 1

97.3
9 7 .8
98. 1
98. 5
98 . 6

.4
.2
. 1
.2

( 2)

98. 0
98.2
98.7
99. 1
9 9.2

(2 )

9 9 .2
9 9 .4
9 9 .5
9 9.7
99.7

_

1. 5

100. 0

.3

100. 0

4 .5

10 0. 0

. 8

100. 0

1 00 . 0

.3

100. 0

3 0 0 and o v e r

........

(2)
. 1

-

1.4

T o ta l _______ _______________________

100 . 0

10 0. 0

1 00 . 0

1 00 . 0

100. 0

10 0 . 0

Num ber of w ork e rs
(in th o u s a n d s ) _________________________

62

8

30

12

219

114

$ 1.24

$ 1. 84

$ 1 . 33

$ 1.44

$ 1.3 4

A v e r a g e h o u r ly
earnings 1

................................

$ 1. 60
\

See fo o t n o te s at en d of t a b l e .




Table 2.
P e r c e n t a g e d is tr ib u ti on of a l l n o n s u p e r vi js or y w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s
b y a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o ur ly e a r n i n g s , 1 U ni te d S t a t e s and South, June 1 9 5 9 — C on ti n u e d

M e n ' s , y o u t h s ’ , and b o y s ’ f u r n i s h i n g s ,
w o r k c lo t h i n g ,, an d a l l i e d g a r m e n t s

S e a m l e s s h o s i e r y m i l l s ( m e n ’ s)

U n i t e d Stat es
Percent
of
w orkers

Under

1 0 0 _______________________________

C u m u la t iv e
p e r c e n t of
w orkers

1.3

South
Percent
of
workers

U ni te d S ta te s

C u m u la t i v e
p e r c e n t of
w orkers

Percent
of
w orkers

Cum ulative
p e r c e n t of
workers

2.7

4 .7

4 .7

2. 0

2. 0

2 .6

28. 6
3 8 .4
49. 0
56.5
63 .4

29. 1
10.2
10.9
7.5
6.9

3 0.4
4 0 .7
5 1 .6
59. 1
6 6 .0

2 8 .8
6 .4
9 .5
6 .5
5 .8

3 1.6
38. 0
47. 6
54. 0
5 9.8

4 1.7
8.6
9 .5
6 .4
5 .8

4 6 .4
54. 9
6 4 .4
7 0.8
7 6 .6

29. 1
6 .9
10.6
6 .4
5 .9

31 .2
38. 0
48. 6
55. 0
60. 9

4 4 .0
8.5
10 .2
6 .2
5 .3

6.3
4 .5
4 .0
3 .2
2 .5

66. 1
7 0.6
7 4 .5
7 7.7
80 .2

5.5
4 .0
2 .9
2. 1
1.4

82. 1
86. 1
89. 0
91. 1
9 2 .5

6 .2
4 .4
4. 1
3 .4
2 .8

67.
71.
75.
79 81.

5. 1
3 .0
2 .4
1. 7
1. 1

8 5.3
8 8.3
9 0.7
9 2 .4
9 3 .5

2 .6
1.5
1.2
.8
.4

95. 1
9 6 .6
97. 8
98. 6
98. 9

5. 0
3.3
2 .3
2. 1
1. 1

86. 8
9 0. 1 1
9 2.4 j
9 4.4
9 5 .6

1.6
.8
1.0
.4
.3

95. 1
9 5 .9
9 6 .9
9 7.3
9 7.6

( 2)

99 .3
9 9 .4
99 .6
9 9.7
9 9.7

1.3
.7
.6
.3
.2

9 6 .8
9 7 .6
9 8.2
98. 5
98. 7

(
(
(
(

2)
2)
2)
2)

9 9 .8
9 9 .8
9 9 .8
99 .9
9 9 .9

.3
.2
. 1
.2
( 2)

99. 0
99 .2
9 9.3
9 9 .5
9 9.5

. 1

100. 0

.5

100. 0

2 7 .3
9 .8
10.6
7 .6
6 .8

125
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

u n de r
u n de r
un der
un de r
un de r

1 3 0 -------------------------------135 -------------------------------1 4 0 -------------------------------145 ------------------------------1 5 0 _____________________

6 .7
4 .6
4 .2
3 .4
2 .4

70. 1
74.7
78. 9
82.3
8 4.7

6 .4
4 .4
4.2
3.3
2.2

7 2.5
7 6 .9
8 1 .2
84. 5
8 6 .7

150
160
170
18 0
190

and
and
and
and
and

un der
un de r
un der
un der
un de r

1 6 0 _____________________
1 7 0 -------------------------------1 8 0 ___ _______________
1 9 0 ------------------------------2 0 0 _____________________

4 .4
3. 0
3. 0
1.5
1. 0

89. 1
9 2.0
95. 0
9 6.5
9 7.5

3. 9
2 .5
2 .8
1.3
.8

9 0 .6
93. 1
95 .9
97.2
98. 0

200
210
220
230
240

and
and
and
and
and

un der
under
u n de r
under
under

2 1 0 ------------------------------2 2 0 ___________________
2 3 0 ------------------------------2 4 0 _____________________
2 5 0 ----------------------- —

. 7
.3
.3
.2
. 1

98.3
98 . 6
9 8 .9
9 9. 1
99.2

.5
.2
.3
. 1
. 1

98. 5
98. 7
9 9 .0
99. 1
99.3

250
260
270
280
290

and
and
and
and
and

un de r
un der
un der
un der
under

260
270
280
290
300

.3
. 1
. 1
. 1
( 2)

99.5
99.6
99.7
99.7
9 9.8

.3
. 1
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)

99.6
9 9.7
9 9 .7
9 9 .8
9 9 .8

.6
.3
.3
.3
. 1

9 8.2
98. 5
9 8 .8
99. 1
99 .2

.2

100.0

.2

100. 0

•8

100. 0

1 0 0.0

100. 0

----------------

33

29

A v e r a g e h o ur ly
e a r n i n g s 1 -------------------------------------------

$ 1.25

$ i . ; 23

T o t a l ___________ __________________

See fo ot no te s at end of t a b l e .




Sbuth
Percent
of
workers

2 .7

105 _____________________
1 1 0 _____________________
115 _____________________
1 2 0 -------------------------------125 _____________________

Num ber of w orkers
(in th o u s a n d s ) ----------------

Cum ulative
p e r c e n t of
w orkers

1.4

un de r
u n de r
un de r
und er
un de r

3 0 0 and o v e r ---------------- -------------------------

Percent
of
w orkers

1.4

and
and
and
and
and

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------___________
_______
----------- ----------------

U ni te d St at es

Cum ulative
p e r c e n t of
w orkers

1.3

10 0
105
110
115
120

*

South
Percent
of
W orkers

-

.

.4
.2
.2
. 1

. 1

1
5
5
0
8

C um ulative
p e r c e n t of
w orkers

2 .6
4 6 .6
55. 1
65.2
7 1 .4
76.8

5. 9
3. 1
2 .8
2 .5
1.5

8 2 .6
85. 8
8 8.6
9 1.0
92.5

2 .4
1.6
1. 1
.8
.3

94 . 9
9 6.5
9 7 .6
9 8.4
9 8 .8

.4
.2
.3
. 1
. 1

99. 1
99.3
99*6
99.7
99.7

. 1
( 2)
(!)
( 2)
M

99 .8
9 9.8
9 9 .9
9 9 .9
9 9 .9

. i

100.0
o
©
o

A v e r a g e hourly earnings 1
(in ce n ts )

M e n ' s , y o u t h s ’ , and b o y s ' s h i f t s ( ex ce p t
w o r k S h ir ts ) , c o l l a r s , and n i gh tw ea r

ICO . 0

100 . 0

100.0

328

154

90

50

$ 1 . 29

$ 1. 14

$ 1. 27

$ 1. 15

T a b le 2 .
P e r c e n t a g e d is tr ib u ti on of a l l n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s
by a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s , 1 U n i te d S t a t e s and South, June 1 9 5 9 — C on ti nu e d

W o m e n ’ s, m i s s e s ' , c h il d r e n ’ s, and
i n f a n t s ’ under g a r m e n t s
A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1
(in c e n t s )

United States
Percent
of
w orkers

U nd e r 100

Percent
of
w orkers

c h i l d r e n 's ,

and in fa n ts ' o u t e r w e a r

United S ta te s

South

C u m u la ti ve
p e r c e n t of
workers

G irls’ ,

C u m u la ti ve
p e r c e n t of
w orkers

Percent
of
workers

Cum ulative
p e r c e n t of
w orkers

South
Percent
of
workers

M i s c e l l a n e o u s a p p a r e l and a c c e s s o r i e s

South

U nited S ta te s

C um ulative
p e r c e n t of
w orkers

Percent
of
w orkers

Cum ulative
p e r c e n t of
workers

Percent
of
workers

C um ulative
p e r c e n t of
workers

1. 0

1. 0

1. 9

1.9

1.2

0. 7

0. 7

1.5

1.5

14 .4
6 .8
10.3
8. 6
8. 0

15.4
2 2 .2
32. 5
41. 1
4 9.2

26. 8
9 .2
10. 3
8. 3
6. 5

28 .7
37. 9
48 .2
56. 5
63. 0

15.9
5. 1
10 .5
6. 1
6. 7

17. 1
2 2 .2
32. 7
38. 3
45. 5

3 9.4
13.2
6 .4
6. 8
8. 1

40. 6
5 3 .8
6 0.2
67 . U
7 5 .2

13.3
5. 0
7. 1
6. 8
7. 0

14. 0
19. 0
26. 1
3 2.9
3 9 .9

3 9.2
11. 0
11. 7
6. 6
4 .4

40. 7
5 1.8
6 3 .4
7 0. 1
74. 5

13 0
_
.. .
1.35
140
_
145 _____________________
150
_ . ...

7. 3
5. 0
5. 0
4.3
3. 1

56. 5
6 1. 5
6 6. 5
70.7
7 3.8

7 .2
4.5
4 .2
3. 1
2 .4

7 0.2
7 4. 8
79. 0
82. 1
8 4.6

6 .6
3. 8
3. 7
3.5
2 .4

5 2.2
56. 0
59. 6
63. 1
65. 5

6. 7
2 .4
2. 0
1.6
2. 9

81. 9
8 4 .3
8 6 .3
87. 9
90. 8

5. 6
5.4
3 .6
4 .7
2 .4

45. 5
51. 0
54. 6
59.3
61. 7

5. 1
7. 7
2.2
1. 8
.9

79. 6
8 7.3
89. 5
91 .3
9 2 .2

under
und er
under
under
under

1 6 0 _____________________
170 _ . _ _
180
1 9 0 _____________________
200

6. 1
4 .2
3 .9
2. 5
1. 5

7 9.
8 4.
88.
9 0.
92.

9
1
0
5
0

5. 0
2 .9
2.2
1. 5
. 8

89. 6
92 . 5
9 4.7
96.3
97. 1

6 .3
4 .2
4 .6
3. 3
1. 8

7 1.9
76. 1
80. 7
84. 0
85. 8

3. 0
1.5
.7
. 7
.4

9 3 .8
95. 3
96. 0
96. 8
9 7 .2

6. 5
4. 5
5. 0
3.2
2 .2

6 8 .2
72. 6
77. 6
80. 8
83. 0

1.8
1.2
2 .5
.6
.2

94. 0
9 5 .2
97. 8
98. 3
98. 6

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
un der
un der
un der

210
220
... ...
2 3 0 _____________________
240
.....
..
_ .....
250

1.6
1.2
1. 1
.6
.3

93.6
94. 8
9 5 .9
96.5
9 6 .8

. 8
.4
. 5
. 3
. 1

97 .9
9 8.3
9 8 .8
99. 0
99.2

2. 7
1. 7
1.2
1. 0
2. 1

88. 5
9 0 .3
9 1 .4
9 2.4
9 4.4

.5
.4
.4
. 1
.2

9 7.7
98. 1
98. 5
98 .6
98. 7

3. 6
2 .3
1.3
1. 7
. 8

8 6 .6
88. 9
90. 2
9 1 .9
9 2. 6

and
and
and
and
and

un der
un der
un der
un der
un der

260
......... _ _
2 7 0 _____________________
2 8 0 _____________________
2 9 0 _____________________
300
_

.5
.4
.3
.6

97.3
97. 7
98. 0
98.5
9 8 .6

.2
.2
.3
. 1

9 9.4
99.5
9 9.8
9 9 .9
99 .9

1. 1
.5
.3
.5
. 1

9 5 .6
96. 0
9 6 .4
96. 9
97. 0

. 5

9 9.2
9 9 .2
99.3
9 9 .4
9 9 .4

1.6
1. 0
. 7
.5
. 5

94.2
95.2
95. 9
9 6 .4
9 6 .9

( 2)
( 2)
( 2)

9 9.5
9 9 .6
99 .6
9 9.6
9 9.6

100. 0

3. 0

1 00 . 0

100. 0

3. 1

10 0. 0

.4

100. 0

100
105
110
115
120

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

105
_
110
_
1 1 5 ................
120
125 ...
_ .................

125
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

un der
under
under
under
under

150
160
170
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290

3 0 0 and o v e r
T o t a l _________________

1.4
___________

N um ber of w o r k e r s
(in t h o u s a n d s )
_ _
A v e r a g e h o u r ly
earnings 1

S e e f o o t n o te s at end o f t a b l e .




( 2)

100. 0

. 1

1.2

1.2

1.2

( 2)
. 1
. 1
.6

98. 8
98. 9
9 9.2
9 9 .3
99 .3

.3
. 1
.3
. 1
( 2)
.2
. 1

100 . 0

10 0. 0

100i. 0

100 . 0

1 00 . 0

100 . 0

114

22

73

11

58

8

$ 1.3 8

$ 1.24

$ 1.47

$ 1 . 18

$ 1 . 54

$ 1. 17

Table 2. Percentage distribution of all nonsupervisory workers in selected manufacturing industries
by average straight-time hourly earnings, 1 United States and South, June 1959— Continued

ItiiseftUaneous fabricated textile products
Average

hourly earnings 1
(in cents)

United States
Percent
of
workers

100 -----

Under

South

Cumulative
percent of
workers

Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

Sawmills and
planing mills,
general
South
Percent Cumulative
of
percent of
workers
workers

Wooden
containers
South
Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

0. 1

0. 1

( 2)

( 2)

0 .5

0. 5

0. 1

0. 1

to

to

Miscellaneous wood products
United
Percent
of
workers

States
Cumulative
percent of
workers

South
Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

0.5

0. 5

100
105
110
115
120

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

105 _____________________
110 _____________________
115 _____________________
1 2 0 ____ ________ ________
1 2 5 .......................................

13.4
6. 1
9.2
5. 7
5.5

13.4
19.5
28. 7
34.3
39. 8

2 7 .6
9 .8
13. 1
5.5
7. 1

2 7 .7
37. 5
5 0. 6
56 . 1
63.2

5 6 .4
8.4
10.3
3 .5
2.2

5 6 .9
65. 4
75 .7
79 .2
81 .4

41. 9
13.5
10.2
6.2
4 .3

41. 9
55 .4
65. 7
71. 8
76. 1

19.2
5 .7
5.5
4. 7
5.7

1 9.7
2 5.3
3 0 .8
3 5.6
41 .3

3 7 .9
10.2
6 .9
3 .9
4 .8

125
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
an d
and

under
under
under
under
under

1 3 0 ---------------------------135 _____________________
140 ....................... ...............
1 4 5 ________ ____________
1 5 0 ________ ____________

/. 0
4 .4
4 .2
3 .2
2. 8

46. 8
51.2
55.4
58.6
6 1.5

5. 7
4.2
3.7
2.8
2.4

68 . 9
73 . 0
76. 8
79,6
82. 0

6. 5
1. 1
1.2
. 9
.6

87. 9
89. 0
9 0 .2
91. 1
9 1 .7

2. 8
2 .2
1. 1
2. 0
1.4

-78. 9
81. 1
8 2.2
84 .2
8 5 .6

6 .2
4 .5
4 .3
4 .2
2 .4

47. 5
52. 0
5 6 .4
60. 5
62. 9

6 .3
2 .7
2. 1
3. 9
2 .9

7 0.0
72.7
7 4.8
78.7
81 .6

150
160
1 70
180
1 90

and
and
and
and
and

under
un der
u n d er
u n de r
un d er

1 6 0 _____________________
170 _____________________
1 8 0 _____________________
1 9 0 _____________________
2 0 0 _____________________

7 .4
4. 7
4 .8
2.7
1.2

68. 9
73.6
7 8 .4
81. 1
82.3

5.9
2. 8
3. 1
.9
.8

87. 9
9 0. 7
93. 8
94.7
95.5

3. 1
.8
1.2
. 7
.3

94. 8
95.6
9 6 .8
97. 5
9 7 .8

1.9
1.2
2 .6
1.5
2 .0

8 7.4
88. 7
91.3
9 2 .8
94. 8

8. 1
4 .3
4. 0
3 .3
3. 0

71. 0
7 5 .3
7 9 .4
82. 6
85. 7

8.4
2 .2
1.9
1.8
1.4

9 0. 0
92.2
94. 1
9 5 .9
97.3

200
210
220
230
240

a nd
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

210
220
230
240
250

.............. .......................
................ .................... .
_____________________
........................... ...........
_____________________

3 .2
1. 8
2. 3
3.3
1.2

8 5 .5
87.2
89.5
9 2. 8
9 4.0

.9
.9
.7
.2
.2

96.4
97.3
98 . 0
98.2
98.4

.8
.3
.4
. 1

98. 6
9 8 .9
9 9 .3
9 9 .4
9 9 .5

2. 0
.6
.7
.5
.3

96. 9
9 7 .4
9 8.2
98. 7
99 - 0

3.3
2 .4
1. 7
1.9
1.2

88. 9
9 1 .4
93. 0
9 4 .9
96. 1

.9
.4
.4
. 1
. 1

98.2
98. 6
9 9.0
99. 1
99.2

250
260
270
280
290

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

260
270
280
290
300

........ .................. ...........
_____________________
______ ______________
_____________________
_____________________

1. 7
.3
.7
. 5
.2

95.7
96. 1
96. 8
97.3
97.5

.2
. 1
. 1
. 1

98.6
98. 7
98. 8
98.9
98 .9

.3

( 2)
( 2)
( 2)

9 9 .3
9 9.3
9 9.6
9 9.7
9 9 .7

.9
.4
.8
.3
. 1

97. 0
97. 4
9 8 .2
9 8.5
9 8 .6

.2
. 1
. 1

( 2)
( 2)

9 9 .4
9 9 .5
99.7
9 9 .7
9 9.7

100. 0

.2

1 00 . 0

.3

3 0 0 and o v e r _
To ta l
N u m b e r of w oi rkers
(in tho us and s ) -----------------------------------A v e r a g e hourl; Y
earnings 1

See f oot no tes at end o f ta b l e .




2. 5

100. 0

( 2)
_

1.1

( 2)
.2
. 1

9 9.7
9 9 .8
9 9.8
9 9 .8
9 9.8

( 2)

1 00 . 0

.3

( 2)
.3
. 1

1 00 . 0

1.4

37 .9
48. 1
55. 1
58. 9
63.7

10 0. 0

1 00 . 0

100.0

10 0. 0

10 0. 0

1 00 . 0

1 00 . 0

124

25

148

22

54

17

$ 1. 51

$ 1.27

$ 1. 12

$ 1.22

$ 1.46

$ 1 . 23

Table 2.
P e r c e n t a g e d i st r ib u ti on of a l l n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d mamxfa.ctu.ring i n d u s t r i e s
by a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s , 1 Un it ed S t a t e s and Sout h, June 1 9 5 9 — C o n ti n u e d

H ou se h ol d fur nitu re

Unite d S tate s

(in c e n t s )

Percent
of
workers

U n d e r 100

South

C u m u la t i v e
p e r c e n t of
w orkers

0.2

0 .2

H a n d b a g s and o t h e r
perso n a l leather goods

-

U n i t e d ‘S t a t e s

0. 3

0. 3

Cum ulative
percent of
w orkers

Percent
of
workers

0. 1

0. 1

C ostum e jew elry, costume
n o v e l t i e s , bu tto n s, and
m i s c e l l a n e o u s n o ti on s,
except precious m etal
U ni te d St a t e s

United States

V V)

\

C um ulative
percent of
workers

Percent
of
workers

T o y s, am usem ent,
sp o r ti n g and
athletic goods

Percent
of
w orkers

C um ulative
percent of
w orkers

0. 1

0. 1

Cum ulative
p e r c e n t of
w orkers

Percent
of
w orkers

( 2)

( 2)

100
105
110
115
120

and
and
and
and
and

under
un der
under
under
un der

1 0 5 _____________________
1 1 0 _____________________
1 1 5 ___ _______________
1 2 0 _____________________
125 _____________________

5.9
3 .4
6.3
5. 0
4 .5

6.2
9.6
15. 8
20 .8
2 5.3

11. 5
7 .2
1 3.4
10. 3
8. 0

11.8
19. 0
3 2 .4
42. 7
50. 7

9.5
7.4
9 .4
8.4
6. 3

9 .6
16.9
2 6 .3
34 .7
41. 0

9. 1
3. 8
6 .9
5 .8
4. 5

9. 1
13 . 0
19.9
2 5 .7
3 0 .2

12. 8
6.4
7 .2
7. 5
5 .8

12. 8
1 9.2
26 .4
3 3 .9
3 9 .7

125
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

un der
under
un der
under
under

1 3 0 _____________________
135 _____________________
1 4 0 _____________________
145
___________________
150

5. 6
4. 5
4. 3
3. 7
3.9

3 0 .9
3 5 .4
39.7
4 3.4
4 7 .3

8.5
5. 5
4. 8
4 .2
3 .9

5 9 .3
64. 8
6 9 .6
7 3.7
7 7 .6

7 .9
4 .5
3 .6
3 .9
2 .8

48. 9
5 3 .4
57. 0
60. 9
63. 7

5.4
4. 0
4. 1
3.3
3.2

3 5.6
3 9 .5
43. 7
47. 0
5 0 .2

8 .7
3 .8
4 .3
3 .7
2 .6

48 .4
52. 1
5 6 .4
6 0.2
6 2 .8

150
160
170
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

under
u nder
u nder
u nder
u n der

1 6 0 _____________________
170
.. _
1 8 0 _____________________
190 _ __ ______________
2 0 0 _____________________

7 .6
6. 1
6 .0
4. 8
4. 1

54 . 9
60. 9
66. 9
7 1.7
75. 8

5 .9
4. 1
2 .4
1. 7
1.5

8 3 .6
87. 6
90. 0
9 1 .7
93 .2

5.5
6 .3
4 .5
4. 0
1.3

6 9 .3
7 5 .5
80. 0
84. 0
8 5 .3

9. 1
8. 0
6 .2
5 .2
4 .2

5 9.3
6 7 .3
7 3 .5
78. 7
83. 0

6. 5
5. 5
5 .3
3. 8
2 .4

6 9 .3
7 4 .8
80. 1
83. 9
8 6 .4

200
210
220
230
240

and
and
and
and
and

under
u nder
under
under
under

210
220
230
240
250

_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________

4 .9
3. 8
3. 1
2 .7
2. 0

8 0 .6
8 4.4
8 7 .5
9 0.2
92.2

1.6
.9
.7
. 7
. 7

94. 8
9 5.7
9 6.5
97.2
9 7 .9

2.7
1.4
2 .8
1. 1
.9

88. 1
8 9 .4
9 2 .2
9 3 .4
9 4.2

4. 1
2 .6
1.9
1.5
1.4

87. 1
8 9 .7
9 1 .6
93. 1
9 4 .5

2 .8
1. 9
1.2
1.2
.9

8 9.2
91. 1
9 2.2
9 3 .4
94 .4

250
260
270
2 80
290

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
un der
un der
un der

260
270
280
290
300

___ _______________
___________________
_____________________
_______ ___________
_____________________

2. 0
1.6
1. 1
.8
.5

9 4.2
9 5 .8
9 6 .9
9 7.6
98. 1

.4
.4
. 3
.2
. 1

98.3
98. 7
9 9.0
99. 1
99 .2

1. 8
.7
.5
.2
. 1

96. 0
9 6 .8
9 7 .3
9 7.6
9 7 .6

1.2
.8
.6
.4
.5

9 5 .7
96. 5
97. 1
9 7 .6
98. 0

1.
.
.
.
.

9 5 .9
9 6 .8
9 7 .5
98. 1
9 8.2

3 0 0 and o v e r ______

___________________

1. 9

1 00 . 0

2. 0

A v e r a g e h o u r ly
earn ings1
...

1
2

_.

Dashes

100. 0

1.8

1 00 . 0

1 00 . 0

10 0. 0

10Ci. 0

100 . 0

_

260

95

27

81

55

.

$1 .65

$ 1.34

$ 1 .4 9

$ 1.57

$ 1.48

E x clu d es p r e m iu m pay for
L e s s than 0 . 05 p e r c e n t .

NOTE:




_ _

2 .4

1 00.0

100. 0

T o t a l ______________________________
N u m b e r of w o r k e r s
(in th o u s a n d s )

.8

10 0. 0

5
9
7
7
1

overtim e

and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s ,

in d i c a te no da ta r e p o r t e d .

Because

of rou nding ,

h o li d a y s ,

and la te

shifts.

s u m s of i n di vi du al i t e m s m a y not e q u a l 10 0.
ISO

w

Table

3.

P e r c e n t a g e d i s t r ib u t i o n of a l l n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s in selected manufacturing industries by average
f o r m e t r o p o li t a n and n o n m e t r o p o li t a n axeas,* United States a n d South, June 1959

Vegetable and animal oils

Seamless hosiery mills (men's)

Knitting mills

and fats

to

straight-time hourly learnings 1

A v e r a g e hourly ea rn in g s1
(in ce n ts )
U ni te d S ta te s
M etropo litan

Nonm etropolitan

M etro­
politan

U n it e d S ta te s

South

N onm etro­
po lita n

M etro­
politan

N onm etro­
po lita n

M etro­
po litan

South

Nonm etro­
po lita n

M etro­
politan

Nonm etro­
politan

1.9

0 .7

0.9

2.1

1.0

2 .5

1.0

5 5.7
8 .3
6.0
4 .0
2.9

9 .7
4 .5
6.1
7 .6
5.0

17.7
7 .4
8 .4
6 .7
6.2

16.2
7 .3
7 .8
7.2
5 .6

19.0
8 .3
9 .0
7 .3
6 .6

2 2 .2
10.0
9 .5
6 .7
6 .2

28 .4
9 .8
10.8
7.8
6.9

2 5 .0
1 0.2
8.9
6 .6
6. 1

29.9
10.2
11 .3
7.7
7 .1

2 .9
.8
1.8
.7 .
1.1

1.7
1.7
4. 1
1.4
1.8

3 .9
1.1
1.1
.7
1.2

6.2
4 .7
4 .2
4.8
3.5

7.2
5.6
6 .1
4 .5
3.6

6.2
3 .9
4 .4
4.8
3.2

7. 5
5.9
6 .2
4 .6
3 .2

7 .3
4 .5
4 .2
3.5
3 .5

6.6
4 .6
4 .2
3.4
2 .1

6 .7
4. 1
4.2
3.6
3.6

6 .4
4 .5
4.3
3.3
1.9

5.4
4 .3
4 .9
4.7
8 .7

3.5
2.6
1.9
3 .5
2.9

4.2
3.8
7.7
6 .9
4.7

2 .4
1 .4
1.4
1.4
1.1

8 .4
5 .3
6 .3
4 .2
2 .8

6 .6
5.5
4. 1
2 .2
1 .4

7 .3
4 .4
4.8
5.5
2 .3

6 .0
3 .7
3. 1
2 .0
1.4

5.7
3.6
3 .4
2 .3
1.2

4. 1
2 .9
2 .8
1.3
1.0

5 .6
3 .6
3 .1
2 .3
1.0

3 .6
2 .3
2 .7
1.1
.8

___________________
__________________
___________________
___________________
___________________

10.5
6.7
6 .9
4 .5
4 .2

4 .4
3 .0
4 .9
1.9
1.2

5 .4
4.0
3.9
2 .4
1.3

1.3
1.1
.9
.6
. 1

3 .5
2 .4
1.8
1.2
1.1

1.2
1.0
1.1
.7
.6

1.8
1.3
1.1
.6
.5

1.2
1.0
.8
.7
.6

1 .4
.5
.5
.3
. 1

_______________
___________________
----------- -------------------------------------___________________

6.3
3. 1
3.2
1.4
.8

1.0
.4
. 3
.2
.1

1.3
.6
1. 1
.8
. 1

.3

.6
.3
. 1
. 1

.3
.2
. 1
.6

.4
.2
. 1
. 1

-

1 .3
.6
.6
.6
.2

( 3)

( 3)

( 3)

6 .2

1.4

1.2

.7

2 .7

.3

.7

.2

.2

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 0 0.0

100.0

100.0

5

7

100

118

28

$ 1 .18

$1.5 5

$ 1 .3 5

$ 1 .3 9

1.6

and
and
and
and
and

under
un der
under
un der
un der

105
110
115
120
125

-----------------___________________
__ _
_ ______
----------------------------__ _______________

7 .7
1.1
1.9
.9
.6

4 1 .2
6 .4
5.0
2.9
2 .7

12 5
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

un der
under
under
under
un der

130
135
140
14 5
150

______ __ ___
___ _____________
__
_ ____
___________________
___________________

1.7
.6
1.5
1.2
1.0

150
160
170
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

un der
un der
un der
un der
under

160
170
180
190
200

___________________
___________________
______________ ___
___________________
___________________

20 0
210
22 0
230
24 0

and
and
and
and
and

un der
under
un der
un der
un der

210
220
2 30
240
250

250
260
27 0
280
290

and
and
and
and
and

un der
under
under
un der
un der

260
270
280
290
30 0

^ ...........................................

300 and o v e r

_____

_______

Total

N u m b e r of w o r k e r s
(in t h o u s a n d s ) __________

_____

19

A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1 ________

$ 2.09

____

See fo o t n o te s at end of t a b l e .




U ni te d S ta te s

Nonm etropolitan

2 7 .5
4 .0
4. 3
3.0
1.1

( 3)

100
10 5
110
115
120

Unde r 100

South
M etropolitan

11
$1.40

0 .1

$1.5 6

( 3)
( 3)
.2

.6
.2
. 3
.2
. 1

2.9

1.0

1.0
.5
.4
.2
. 1

.4
.2
.2
. 1
.2

. 1
. 1

.4
. 1

.2
. 1
. 1
. 1

.
.
.
.

3
1
1
1

-

. 1

- 1

( 3)

-

( 3)

.2

(3)

.2

1 0 0.0

1 00.0

1 0 0.0

100.0

87

6

27

5

24

$ 1 .3 2

$ 1 .2 7

$ 1 .2 4

-

( a)

$ 1 .2 5

$ 1 .2 2

Table 3

Percentage distribution of all nonsupervisory workers in selected manufacturing industries by average straight-time hourly earnings
for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas * United States aiid South, June 1959— Continued

Men's, youths', and boys' furnishings,
work clothing, and allied garments

Men's, youths', and boys' shirts (except
work shirts), collars, and nightwear

Women '8, m isses', children’s, and
infants' under garments

A v era g e hourly ea rn in g s1
(in c e n ts )

Unde r 100

.

__ _

___

Nonm etropolitan

Metropolitan

South

United States

South

Unite d States
M etropolitan

Nonmetropolitan

Metro­
politan

Nonmetro­
politan

Metro­
politan

United States

Nonmetro­
politan

Metro­
politan

Soiith

Nonmetro^
politan

Metro­
politan

Nonmetro­
politan

0.9

4.2

1.7

5 .3

1.0

2 .6

0 .6

3 .0

0.9

1.2

1.8

2 .0

100
105
110
115
120

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

105
110
115
120
125

____________________
_
________
_
_____
_____ ________ __
____________________

16.9
4 .8
8 .3
5.2
5.8

38.2
7.7
10.5
7 .5
5.7

2 7 .5
7.1
11.3
6 .0
7 .3

4 4 .8
8 .9
9.1
6 .5
5 .4

1 2.4
4 .5
9 .7
5. 1
6 .3

3 9.2
8 .3
1 1.1
7. 1
5.7

28. 1
6 .3
12.5
3.8
5 .8

47. 1
8 .9
9 .7
6 .6
5.2

11.8
7.1
9 .7
7 .5
8 .2

19.2
6. 3
1 1 .4
1 0.5
7 .8

z i,t
11.3
12 ,6
5.9
4 .5

2 6.6
8 .4
9 .5
9 .1
7 .3

125
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

130
135
140
145
150

__ __ _______
_
___ ___
____________________
____________________
_ _
__

7 .5
4.9
5 .0
4.0
3.4

5.3
4.2
3. 1
2 .5
1.7

8 .6
5.0
4 .4
3.5
2 .4

4 .8
3.8
2 .6
1.8
1.2

8 .3
5. 1
5.6
4 .7
4 ,3

4 .9
3 .9
3.1
2 .7
2 .0

12.4
3. 1
4 .4
4 .7
2 .8

4 .6
3. 1
2 .5
2 .0
1.2

7.2
4 .3
4 .9
4 .8
2 .7

7 .7
6 .2
5.2
3 .4
3 .7

6.9
3i 5
2.8
3 .0
1.9

4 .9
4.8
3 .2
2; 6

150
160
170
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

160
170
180
190
200

____________________
____________________
_
__ _
______ _ ________
____________________

3.9
2.6
1.8

3.3
1.8
1.2
1.0
.5

4 .4
2 .7
3.0
1.7
.8

2.2
1.2
.8
.6
.3

7.9
5 .6
4 .0
3 .8
2 .3

3.2
1.9
1.3
1 .0
.4

3 .8
2 .9
2 .7
2 .5
.9

2. 1
1.3
.8
.5
.2

6 .3
4 .7
4 .4
2 .9
1.6

5.8
3.2
2 .8
1.7
1.2

4.9
3.0
2.3
1.9
1.2

5. u
2.9
2.2
1 .4
.7

200
210
220
230
240

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

2.10
220
230
240
250

__
_
_
__ _
____________________
_
______
____________________

3. 1
1.5
2.0
.8
.5

.5
.3
.2
. 1
.1

.8
.3
.6
. 1

.3
1
. 1

. 3
, l

(3 )

(3 )

.5
.2
. 1
. 1
.1

.6
.5
1.1

( 3)

2 .6
1 .7
1.4
. 7
.4

2.1
1.6
1 .4
.8
.4

.8
.4
.6
.2
.1

1.3
.8
.7
.3
.2

.6
.3
.4
.2
.1

250
260
270
280
290

and
and
and
a nd
an d

under
under
under
u n de r
under

260
270
280
290
30 0

____________________
_________ __
_________ __________
__ _ _
______
_______

1.3
.6
.6
.5
.3

.i

(3)
(3 )

(*)
( 3)

(3 )
(3 )

( 3)
( 3)
.1

.3
i3
1.0
.2

<1
( )
(3)

( s)

.5
.5
. 3
.5
.1

.

; i
.i
.i

___________________________

1.5

.2

.4

100.0

100.0

100.0

145

184

$1.44

$ 1 . 17

30 0 and o v e r

Total

______ ___

Number of workers
(in thousands)

__ _____

_ —

___

Average hourly earnings 1 ______

7 .4
4 .5

.

(3 )
( h

.

l

( 3)
.1

. 1
. 1
.1

.1
( 3)

.1
( 3)

(3)
( 3)

( 3)
( 3)
( 3)

( 3)

.

.7
.'5
.4
.9

1
.3
.1
(3)

7.3

.2

-

- 1

.

.2

.1

1.0

.2

.2

100.0

1 00.0

1 00.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

1 0 0.0

28

126

31

59

8

42

74

40

6

16

$ 1 .2 4

$ 1 . 12

$ 1 .4 3

$ 1 .1 7

$1.2 6

$ 1 . 13

$ 1 .4 3

$1.2 8

$ 1 .2 6

$1.23

1

1

2 .1

1

100.0.,,

100-0

See footnotes at end of table.




to
cn

Table 3

Percentage distribution of all nonsuperviaory worker • in selected manufacturing industries by average straight-time hourly earnings 1
for metropolitan and nanmetropolitan areas, 2 United States and South, June 1959-—Continued

G irls', children's, and infantsv outerwear

Miscellaneous apparel and accessories

On

Miscellaneous fabricated textile products

Average hourly earnings1
(in cents)
United States*
Metro­
politan

Under 100
100
105
110
115
120

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

105
110
115
120 ____
125

125
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

130
135
140 ____
145
150 —

150
160
170
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

160
170
180 . .
190
200 —

200
210
220
230
240

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

210
220
230
240
250

250
260
270
280
290

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

260
270
280 .............................
290
300

________

, ____

__ __

. . _ .......

300 and over
Total __
Number of workers
(in thousands) ___________________
Average hourly earnings 1 — — _

See fo otno tes at end of table,




Nonmetro­
politan

South
Metro­
politan

United States

Nonmetro­
politan

Metro­
politan

< South

Nonmetro­
politan

Metro­
politan

United States

Nonmetro­
politan

Metro­
politan

South

Nonmetro­
politan

Metro­
Nonmetro­
politan .
politan

0.7

2.6

0.6

1.6

0.2

1,.9

( 3)

2.3

0.1

_

10.7
4.0
11.0
6. 1
6.9

29.6
8. 1
8.9
6.2
6.3

45.2
11.2
6.5
4.1
7.2

36.0
14.4
6 .4
8 .4
8 .7

9.0
3.0
6.1
6.1
7.0

24,.5
10,.1
9,.7
8,.6
7,,0

35.0
13.4
10.6
8.0
3.8

41.6
9 .7
12.2
5.9
4.8

11.1
5.4
8 .4
5.6
5.1

24.4
9.3
13. 1
5.8
7.6

23.,0
7,. 1
9,,1
5,,5
8,, 1

35.0
14.2
19.4
5.5
5.6

7.3
4. 3
3.9
3.9
2.7

5.0
2.5
3.1
2.5
1.'9

9.1
1.8
1.7
.9
3.7

5.3
2.8
2.2
2.0
2 .4

5.0
4.7
4.0
3.8
2.7

7,,2
7,,4
2,.6
7,. 1
1,,6

3.4
14.3
1.2
.3
.1

6. 1
4 .0
2.7
2.6
1.4

7.2
4.6
4.3
3.3
3.0

5.8
3.4
4.0
2.6
1.8

6,,8
5,.0
4,,5
3,,9
3,,2

3.9
2.8
2.5
1.2
1.1

6.8
4.4
5. 1
3.5
1.9

5.1
3.8
3.3
2.9
1.8

2.0
1.7
.5
.8
.6

3.5
1.4
.8
.7
.3

7.4
5.5
6 .5
4.2
2.9

4,,0
1.,8
1..0
,7
,3

.8
1.0
5.8
.4
.2

2 .4
1.4
.7
.7
.2

7.9
4.9
5.3
3.0
1.2

5.3
3.5
2 .4
1.4
1.0

7.,8
3.,2
4.,3
1.,2
,9

2.8
2.2
1.2
.5
.6

3.2
2.0
1.4
1.3
2.7

1.5
1.1
.7
.2
.4

.6
.4
.2
.2
-

.4
.5
.5
(*)
.3

4.8
3.0
1.7
2.1
1.0

.6
.3
,4
,5
.2

.3
( 3)
.3
.1
( 3)

.3
.1
.3
.1
-

3.5
1.9
2.6
3.5
1.4

1.9
1.0
.8
2 .4
.2

1.,2
1.,2
1.,0
,2
,2

.5
.3
.1
.2
(3)

1.2
.6
.4
.6
.1

.8
.2
.2
.2
.1

.4
.1
(3 )
-

.5
( !)
( #>
.2
-

2.1
1.3
.9
.6
.6

,4
,2
,2
,1
,1

.3
.1
.1
( 3)

.1
.1
( 3)

.9
.2
.2
.1
( 3)

,3
1
,2
2
l)

( 3)
( 3)

-

1.9
.4
.8
.6
.2

.1
(3)

3.7

1.3

.6

.6

3.7

1.,4

.3

.4

2.8

.9

1. 6

.3

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.,0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100. 0

100.0

53

20

4

7

42

16

3

5

103

21

16

10

$1.54

$1.30

$1. 17

$1.19

$1.64

$1.28

$1. 19

$1. 15

$1.54

$1.32

$1.34

$1.16

4

0,. 1

_

Table 3.

Percentage distribution of all nonsupervisory workers in selected manufeicturing industries by average straight-time hourly earnings
for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas ,2 United States and South, June 1959— Continued

S a w m i lls a n d planing
m ills , general

W ooden con ta in e rs

M is c e lla n e o u s wood products

A v e ra g e h ou rly e a rn in g s 1
(in cents)
So ut h
M etro­
politan

U n d e r 10 0

_

So u t h
N onm etro­
p o l it a n

M e t r opo litan

U n ite d States
N onm etro­
po litan

M etro­
p olitan

So u t h

N onm etro­
po litan

M etro­
p olitan

N onm etro­
po litan

_

(3)

0.6

(3)

0. 1

0.8

0 .3

8 .8
2 .9
3.6
2.4
4.0

26.6
7 .7
6 .9
6.4
6 .9

9 .5
5.2
4.6
2 .5
8. 1

49 .9
12.3
7.9
4.4
3 .4

4.6
4.0
3. 5
5 .2
2 .4

7.4
4.9
4 .9
3 .4
2 .4

7.9
4. 5
3.9
9 .3
5. 3

5.7
1.9
1.4
1.6
1.8

100
105
11 0
115
12 0

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

105
11 0
115
1 2 0 ___________________
125

55.3
8.3
6.8
2.8
2.9

56.6
8 .5
11.0
3.6
2.1

29.7
7 .2
13 .3
9 .2
6 .2

46.0
15.6
9 .2
5. 1
3 .7

125
13 0
135
14 0
14 5

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

13 0
135
140
1 4 5 --------------------------1 5 0 -------- -------------------

5.5
1.9
1.3
1.3
.2

6.6
1.0
1. 1
.9
.7

3.9
2.3
1.7
2 .7
2 .4

2.5
2.2
.8
1.8
1.0

150
160
17 0
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

160
170
180
190
200

5.4
1.2
.5
1.4
1.0

2.7
.8
1.3
.5
.2

1.5
2 .0
2.0
2 .0
1.8

2 .0
1.0
2.8
1.4
2. 1

11. 1
5.6
6 .2
5. 1
5.4

6 .0
3. 3
2 .5
2 .0
1.3

22. 3
4 .5
2 .8
3. 1
3.5

2 .5
1.3
1.5
1.2
.5

200
210
220
230
240

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

210
220
230
240
250

.
_
.
_
_____________ __ __
___________________

1.6
.7
.8
.1
( 3)

.6
.3
.3
.2
( 3)

3.4
2 .4
1.7
1.5
1.0

1.5
(3)
.4
.2
-1

5.5
3. 1
2 .8
3 .7
2 .4

1.7
2 .0
.9
.6
.3

.8
.5
.8
.2
-

.9
.3
.2
. 1
.1

250
260
270
280
290

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

260
270
280
290
300

_

.6
.3
(3)
( 3)
( 3)

.1
3>
3)
3)
3)

.5
. 1
.9
.3
. 1

.2
( 3)
.1
( 3)
( 3)

1.5
.8
1.5
.4
.2

.
.
.
.
.

.3
.4
. 1
-

.2
(3)
. 1
( 3)
( 3)

.3

.2

.2

.3

2 .6

.6

100.0

100.0

100.0

100,0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

N u m b e r of w o r k e r s
( i n t h o u s a n d s ) _____ __ _____________

23

125

6

16

23

32

5

12

A v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s 1 _________

$1.17

$1.12

$1.33

$1.18

$ 1.67

$1.31

„

.

.

_ _
-------- -------------------

_
_

.

. . . .
_ ____
__ __

300 a n d o v e r

(
(
(
(

'

5
1
3
1
1

( 3)

____

( 3)

$1.41

_

.4

$1.16

See footnotes at end of table.




to
<1

Table

3.

P e r c e n t a g e d is t r i b u t i o n of a l l n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s b y a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s
f o r m e t r o p o li t a n an d n o n m e t r o p o li t a n a r e a s , 2 U ni te d S t a t e s a n d S ou th, June 1 9 5 9 — C on t i n u e d

H a n d b a g s a n d othe r
personal leather goods

H o u s e h o ld fu rn itu re

Toys, am usem ent,
sp o r ti n g a n d a t h l e t i c
goods

A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s 1
(in ce n ts )
South

U n i te d Sta te s
M etropo litan

Under 100

_______________________________

0.2

M etropolitan

0.2

0.7

U ni te d St a t e s

N onm etro­
po lita n

M etro­
po lita n

1 2.7
9 .1
16.7

6.9

5.9

7 .9
9 .3
7.9

3.6
7. 1
5.5
4. 5

9 .6
4 .7

3.5
3.5

3.9
5.3
2.9

5 .2
6 .3
4. 3
3.9

6 .7

2.8
2 .7

6 .9

9 .6
4 .3
8.3
8 .4
7. 1

_ ____ _
___
____________________

4. 7
3.7

6.9
5 .7

9.3
5 .3

5. 7

7 .4
4 .4

135 and u nder 140
140 an d u nder 145
145 a n d under 150

______________ ____
____________________
______________ ____

3 .7
3. 3
4. 1

5.1
4 .4
3.6

4.8
4 .4
4.7

4.8
4 .0
3 .4

2.8

150
160
170
180
190

____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
_________
________

7 .9
. 3
7.4

7. 1
5.7
4.0
3.0
2.5

7. 1
5 .3
3.4
2 .7
2 .3

5. 1
3.3

an d
an d
an d
and
an d

105
110
115
120
125

____________________
____________________
____________________
_ ________ _
____________________

125 a n d under 130
130 an d under 135

an d
and
and
an d
an d

under
under
under
under
under

u nder
under
u nder
under
u nder

160
170
180
190
200

200 and
210 an d

6
6.1
5.2

6

. 1
5 .0
4. 3
3.9

u nder 2 1 0
under 2 2 0
2 2 0 and under 2 30
2 30 an d under 2 4 0
2 ^ 0 an d under 2 50

____________________
_____________________
____________________
__ __________
_______

250
2 60
270
280
290

__________ _ ___
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________

3.0
2 .5

___________________________

3.0

an d
an d
an d
an d
an d

under
under
under
under
under

300 an d o ve r
Total

260
270
280
290
30 0

______________________________

N u m b e r of w o r k e r s
(in t h o u s a n d s ) ________________________
A v erage hourly earnings 1

1
2
3

1.6
1.2
.7

100.0

3.1

3.1
1.7
1.3

2.0
1.4
1. 1
.8

1.2
.8

.5
.4
. 3

.7

.6
.7
.4

.2

.2

. 1
.4

100.0

1.7

100.0

7 .2
9.8

11.6
8.6
8.0

8.2

1.6
1.1
1.0

1.2

.7
.4
.4
.4

3.0
1.4
3.4

1.2

.6
.2
.2

.9
1.9

.8
.6
.2

( 3)

(?)
( 3)

. 1

. 1

2. 5

100.0

100.0

153

108

37

57

$ 1 .8 1

$ 1 .4 2

$ 1 .4 6

$ 1 .2 7

0.2

D a s h e s in d ic a te no data r e p o r t e d .

B e c a u s e of ro u nd in g,

0. 1
13.1
4 .7

M etro­
po lita n

(3>

7.0
4. 3

5 .5
3.9
3 .7
3 .2

5 .0
4. 1

9 .5
3 .8

5 .8
3.7
5 .0

2.0

6.2

8 .9
7.7

5. 3
4.2
1.7

5 .5
4.8

9.9
9 .4
7.2
3.9

6 .5
5 .2
5 .0
3 .5
1.7

2 .3
.9
.7

2. 5
1 .7

1.6
1.2
.6
.9
.8
1.3
.3
. 1

.2

. 1

2.0
100.0
6

21
$ 1 .5 1

Un it ed S ta te s

N onm etro­
po litan

1 3.6
7.1
7 .8
7.7
. 1

8.0

$ 1 .4 5

E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m pay for o v e r t i m e an d for w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o li d a y s , a n d la te s h i f t s .
S e e fo ot no te 1, ta b le 1 fo r de fin it ion of m e t r o p o li t a n a r e a .
L e s s than 0 , 0 5 p e r c e n t .

NOTE:




_________

2.8

9.9

M etro­
po lita n

s u m s of in d iv id u a l i t e m s m a y not equ al 1 0 0 .

2.8
6.0

4.6
3.0

2.2
1.8
1.6
1.4

1.0

6.0

2.0

.6
.6
.5

.2
.3
.2

.7
.5
.5

. 3

1.9

2 .4

100.0
65
$1.6 0

qq

C o s t u m e j e w e l t y , coistume
n o v e l t i e s , buttbhs^ an d
m is c e lla n e o u s notion s,
except precious m etal

Un it ed S t a t e s

N onm etro­
po litan

0. 1
8. 1

0. 1
10.2

( 3)

6.1
10.6
8. 1

100
105
110
115
120

3.1
1.5
3.2

Nonm etropolitan

1

100.0
16
$ 1 .4 8

6

4. 3
3.9

1.0
1. 1
.8

1 .5
.7
. 5
.4
. 1

N or im C tr opolitan

7.0

1.8
6.2
2.9

3.9
3.2
3 .4
4 .0
2 .4

6*8
6.6
7 .1
7 .3
6 .4
7. 5
5 .0
3.2

2.2
1.8
1 .5

1.8
2i 2
1.7
2.6
.3

1.9

.9

loo. 0

100. o

48

i

$ 1 .4 5

$ 1 .6 9

.

Table 4.

Percentage distribution of all production workers in selected manufacturing industries
by average straight-time hourly earnings, 1 United States and South, June 1959

Confectionery and related products
Average hourly earnings 1
(in cents)

Under 100

United States

Vegetable and animal oils and fats

South

South

United States

Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

0.2

0.2

1.4

1. 4

0. 6

Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

0. 6

Knitting mills

Percent
of
workers

1. 2

1. 2

South

United States

Cumulative
percent of
worker s

Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

Percent
of
workers

0. 8

0. 8

1. 3

6
1
7
6
7

14. 6
6. 3
7.4
7.2
5. 8

15.4
21. 7
29.2
36.4
42. 1

18. 6
8.2
8. 8
7. 2
6. 3

Cumulative
percent of
workers

1.3

100
105
110
115
120

and under
and under
and under
and under
and under

105 ________________
1 10 ________________
115 ________________
120 ______ __________
125 ________________

6.4
2.4
3.2
4. 6
4. 0

6.6
9. 0
12.2
16. 9
20. 9

26. 6
9.4
7. 5
15. 0
8. 6

28. 0
37.4
44. 9
59. 9
68. 5

23.4
3. 5
3.2
1. 7
1.4

24.
27.
30.
32.
33.

0
6
8
5
9

51.4
7. 6
5. 6
3. 9
2. 1

125
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

1 30 ________________
135 ________________
140
145 ________________
1 50 ________________

7. 0
5. 8
7. 9
4.9
5. 8

27. 9
33. 7
41. 7
46.6
52.4

4. 0
3.2
4.4
4. 1
2. 1

72. 5
75.7
80. 1
84. 2
86.4

1.4
.5
1. 7
.8
.7

35.
35.
37.
38.
39.

3
8
5
3
1

2. 5
1. 2
2. 5
.6
1. 2

74. 2
75. 3
77. 8
78.4
79.6

6.6
5. 2
5. 2
4. 6
3. 6

48. 7
53. 9
59.2
63. 7
67. 3

7. 0
5. 3
5. 7
4. 7
3.2

57. 5
62. 9
68. 6
73.3
76. 5

150
160
170
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

1 60 ________________
1 70 ________________
180
___
1 90 ________________
200 ________________

9. 7
6.2
5. 1
6. 2
5. 1

62. 1
68. 3
73.4
79.6
84. 7

6.2
2. 0
1.8
1. 3
1. 0

92. 6
94. 5
96.4
97.7
98. 7

4. 3
3. 3
3.2
4. 1
7. 0

43. 4
46. 7
49.9
54. 0
61. 0

2. 1
1. 6
3. 3
3.2
2. 0

81. 7
83.3
86. 5
89. 8
91.7

7.2
5.4
5. 1
3. 0
2. 0

74.
80.
85.
88.
90.

6.
3.
3.
2.
1.

82.
86.
90.
92.
94.

200
210
220
230
240

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

210
220
230
240
250

________________
________________
________________
...
......

3. 8
3.3
1. 5
1. 9
1. 2

88. 5
91. 8
93. 3
95. 2
96.4

.7
.3
.2
( 2)
( 2)

99.4
99. 7
99. 8
99. 9
99. 9

8.
5.
6.
3.
3.

3
6
7
6
4

69.
74.
81.
85.
88.

3
9
6
2
6

2. 1
1. 9
1.6
1. 0
.4

93.9
95. 8
97.4
98. 3
98. 8

1. 9
1. 6
1.4
.9
.8

92. 0
93. 6
95. 0
96. 0
96.7

1. 3
1. 0
.9
.7
.5

95. 8
96. 8
97.7
98.4
98.9

250
260
270
280
290

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

260 .
____
270 ________________
280
290 ________________
3 00

1. 1
.7
.4
.3
.3

97. 5
98. 1
98. 5
98. 9
99.2

( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
-

99. 9
99. 9
99.9
99.9
99.9

4. 3
2. 0
2. 0
.7
.5

92.
94.
96.
97.
98.

9
9
9
9
1

.4
.1
.2
.3
( 2)

99.2
99.3
99.4
99. 7
99.8

.8
.4
.3
.3
.1

97.6
98. 0
98. 3
98. 6
98. 7

.3
.2
.1
.2
( 2)

99.2
99.4
99. 5
99.7
99. 8

.8

100. 0

( 2)

100. 0

1. 9

100. 0

.2

100. 0

1. 3

100. 0

.3

100. 0

300 and over
Total

......... ........

Number of workers
(in thousands) __________________
Average hourly earnings 1

See footnotes at end of table.




52.
60.
65.
69.
71.

6
0
1
1
1

19.
28.
36.
44.
50.

2
8
5
8
6

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

56

8

25

11

2 05

110

$ 1. 57

$ 1. 21

$1.. 72

$1 . 25

$ 1.43

9
2
9
1
5

7
5
1
9
5

$ 1. 33

to

'O

00

T a b le 4 . P e r c e n t a g e d i s t r i b u t io n o f a l l p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s i n s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s
b y a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n i n g s , 1 U n it e d S t a t e s a n d S o u th , J u n e 19 5 9 — C o n t in u e d

S e a m le s s h o s ie r y m il l s
A v e ra g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 1
( in c e n t s )

U n it e d S t a t e s
P e rce n t
of
w o rk e rs

Under 100 ________________________

( m e n 's )

C u m u la t iv e
p e rc e n t of
w o rk e rs

M e n 's , y o u t h s ', a n d b o y s ' f u r n is h in g s ,
w o r k c lo t h in g , a n d a l l i e d g a r m e n t s

S o u th
P e rce n t
of
w o rk e rs

S o u th

U n it e d S t a t e s

C u m u la t iv e
p e rc e n t of
w o rk e rs

1.3

1. 3

1. 4

1.4

P e rce n t
of
w o rk e r s

O

M e n 's , y o u t h s ', a n d b o y s ' s h i r t s (e x c e p t
w o r k s h i r t s ) , c o l l a r s , a n d n ig h t w e a r
U n it e d S t a t e s

C u m u l a t iv e
p e rc e n t o f
w o rk e rs

P e rce n t
of
w o rk e rs

C u m u l a t iv e
p e rc e n t of
w o rk e rs

2. 9

4. 8

4. 8

2. 1

0
6
2
8
6

42. 7
8. 5
9-4
6. 4
5. 6

47. 6
56. 1
65. 5
71.9
77.6

30. 5
7. 1
10. 9
6.3
5. 9

2. 9

P e rce n t
of
w o rk e rs

C u m u l a t iv e
p e rc e n t o f
w o rk e rs

2. 1

S o u th
P e rce n t
of
w o rk e rs

C u m u l a t iv e
p e rce n t of
w o rk e rs

2. 7

2. 7

44. 9
8. 5
10. 2
6. 2
5. 3

47. 5
56. 1
66.3
72. 5
77. 8

100
105
110
115
120

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

105 ................ ............
1 1 0 ________ ___ ___
115 ________________
1 20 ....... .....................
1 25 ----- ------------------

27. 8
10 2
10. 7
7.4
6. 9

29.2
39. 3
50. 1
57. 5
64.4

29- 5
10. 5
11. 0
7. 4
7. 0

30. 9
41. 4
52.4
59. 9
66. 9

125
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

1 3 0 ________________
135 -----------------------1 40 .......... ..................
145 -----------------------1 50 ------------------------

6. 5
4. 6
4. 1
3. 4
2 .4

70. 9
75.4
79.5
83. 0
85.4

6.2
4. 5
4. 1
3.4
2. 2

73. 1
77. 5
81. 6
85. 0
87. 2

6. 2
4. 5
3. 9
3.2
2. 5

67. 8
72. 3
76. 2
79.3
81. 8

5. 2
4. 0
2. 7
2. 1
1. 4

82.8
86. 8
89. 5
91.6
93. 0

6. 1
4. 4
3. 9
3. 5
2. 8

68. 9
73. 3
77.2
80. 6
83.4

5. 5
3. 1
2. 6
2. 5
1. 4

83. 3
86.4
88. 9
91.4
92. 8

150
160
170
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

160 _______ _________
1 70 ......... ...................
1 80 ... .........................
190 -----------------------200 ________________

4.
2.
2.
1.
1.

3
9
9
5
0

89. 7
92. 5
95.4
96. 9
98. 0

3.9
2. 5
2. 8
1. 3
.8

91. 0
93. 5
96.3
97.6
98.4

4. 8
2. 9
2. 3
1. 5
1. 0

86. 6
89. 5
91. 8
93.4
94. 4

2.4
1.4
1.2
.7
.4

95.4
96. 8
98. 0
98. 7
99. 1

4. 8
3.2
2. 2
1. 9
1. 1

88. 2
91.5
93. 6
95. 6
96.6

2. 3
1. 6
1. 1
.8
.3

95. 1
96. 7
97.8
98. 6
98. 9

200
210
220
230
240

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

2 1 0 ________________
220 ________________
230 ________________
240 ...... ......................
250 ________________

.7
.2
.3
.2
.1

98. 7
98.9
99.2
99.4
99.5

.4
.2
.2
.1
.1

98. 9
99. 1
99.3
99.4
99. 5

1. 4
.7
.9
.4
.2

95.7
96.4
97.3
97. 7
97. 9

.3
.1
.2

99.4
99. 5
99.7
99.7
99.8

1. 0
.6
.5
.3
.1

97.7
98. 3
98. 8
99. 1
99.2

.3
.2
.3
( 2)
.1

99.3
99.4
99.7
99.8
99. 8

250
260
270
280
290

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

260
270
280
290
300

________________
________________
...........................
................. ...........
...... ............... .......

.2
.1

.2
. 1

.2
. *2

98. 5
98.7
99. 0
99.2
99.3

99.8
99.8
99.9
99.9
99.9

.2
.1
.1
.1
( 2)

99.4
99. 5
99.6
99.7
99.7

( 2)
(?)

.1
( 2)

99.7
99.8
99.8
99. 9
99.9

6
.2
.3

.1
( 2)

99.6
99.7
99.8
99.9
99.9

(?)
(?)
( 2)

99.9
99.9
99.9
99.9
99.9

•1

100. 0

.1

100. 0

.7

100. 0

100. 0

.3

100. 0

.i

100. 0

300 and o v er......................................

( 2)

( 2)

30.
6.
9.
6.
5.

1
6
7
5
8

33.
39.
49.
55.
61.

(?)
( 2)

(*)
( 2)

( 2)
( 2)
( 2)

. 1

32.
39.
50.
56.
62.

6
7
6
9
8 '

T otal_____________ _________

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

Number of workers
(in thousands) ........................... .....

32

28

310

148

85

48

Average hourly earnings 1 _______

$1. 23

$ 1.22

$ 1.27

$ 1. 14

$ 1. 25

$ 1. 14

See f o o t n o t e s at e n d o f t a b l e .




T a b le 4 . P e r c e n t a g e d i s t r i b u t io n o f a l l p r o d u c t ib n w o r k e r s i n s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r in g in d u s t r i e s
\>y a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s , 1 U n it e d S t a t e s a n d S o u th , J u n e 19 5 9 — C o n t in u e d

Women's, m i s s e s ' , c h i l d r e n ' s ,
infants' under garments
Average hourly earnings 1
(in cents)

United States
Percent
of
workers

... .

Under 100

G ir ls ',

South

Cumulative Percent
percent of
of
workers
workers

c h ild r e n 's , a n d in fa n t s ' o u t e rw e a r

South

United States

Cumulative
percent of
workers

Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

Miscellaneous apparel and accessories

Percent
of
workers

South

United States

Cumulative
percent of
workers

Percent Cumulative
percent of
of
workers
workers

Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

1. 1

1. 1

2. 1

2. 1

1.3

1.3

1. 1

1. 1

0. 8

0. 8

1. 6

1.6

13. 9
5. 3
7.3
7. 1
7.3

14. 7
19.9
27.3
34. 4
41. 7

39.4
11.3
11.9
6.7
4 .4

41. 0
52. 3
64.2
70. 9
75.3

47.4
53. 0
56. 7
61.4
63.7

4.9
8. 0
2.2
1. 8
.9

80.2
88.2
90.4
92. 1
93. 1

100
105
110
115
120

and under
and under
and under
and under
and under

105
110 ..
____
1 15 ______ _________
1 20 ..... ............ ...........
125

15.4
7.2
10. 7
8.9
8. 1

16. 5
23. 7
34.4
43. 3
51.5

28. 5
9.5
10. 5
8 .4
6. 7

30. 6
40. 0
50. 5
59. 0
65. 6

16. 6
5. 2
11. 0
6. 3
7. 0

17.9
23. 1
34. 1
40.4
47.4

40. 8
13.5
6. 5
6. 7
8.4

42. 0
55.5
62. 0
68.7
77. 1

125
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

1 30 ________________
135
..... .
1 40 ________________
145 ________________
1 50 ________________

7.4
5. 1
4. 9
4.2
3. 0

58. 9
63.9
68. 8
73. 0
76. 0

7. 0
4 .6
4. 0
3. 1
2.4

72.6
77. 3
81.2
84. 3
86. 7

6 .8
3 .9
3. 6
3. 5
2 .4

54.2
58. 1
61. 7
65.2
67. 6

6. 7
2 .4
1. 9
1.4
2. 5

83. 8
86.2
88. 1
89. 5
92. 0

5.
5.
3.
4.
2.

150 and
160 and
170 and
180 and
190 and

under
under
under
under
under

1 60 ________________
1 70 ________________
1 80 ____ ____________
1 90 ________________
200 ___ ___________

5.6
4. 1
3. 6
2.4
1.4

81. 6
85. 6
89. 3
91.6
93. 0

4 .4
2. 7
2. 1
1.2
.8

91. 1
93.7
95.8
97. 0
97.8

6.4
4 .2
4 .2
2.7
1. 9

74. 0
78.2
82.4
85. 1
87. 0

2. 9
1. 5
.7
.7
.5

94. 8
96.3
97. 1
97. 8
98.2

6.4
4. 2
4. 5
3. 1
2. 0

70.
74.
78.
81.
84.

1
3
8
9
0

1. 8
1. 1
2. 5
.5
.2

94. 8
95.9
98.4
98.9
99. 1

200
210
220
230
240

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

2 1 0 ________________
220 ________________
230 ________________
240 ________________
250 ________________

1. 5
1. 0
1. 1
.5
.3

94.5
95.5
96.6
97.2
97. 5

.7
.3
.4
.2
.1

98. 5
98. 8
99.2
99.4
99.6

2.
1.
1.
1.
2.

5
7
0
0
1

89. 5
91.2
92.2
93. 2
95.3

.5
.4
.4
. 1
( 2)

98. 7
99. 0
99.4
99.5
99.5

3.3
2. 3
1. 4
1. 7
.7

87.3
89. 6
90.9
92. 6
93.4

.2
.1
.3
.1
( 2)

99.3
99.3
99.6
99.7
99.8

250
260
270
280
290

and under
and under
and under
and under
and under

________________
________________
________________

.4
.4
.2
.4
( 2)

97. 8
98.2
98.4
98. 7
98. 8

. 1
. 1
( 2)
. 1
-

99.7
99.9
99.9
99.9
99.9

.8
.3
.3
.4
.1

96. 1
96.3
96.7
97. 1
97.2

. 1
( 2)
.1
-

99.6
•99.6
99.6
99.8
99.8

1.3
1. 0
.7
.5
.5

94.6
95.6
96.3
96. 8
97.3

( 2)
.1
(*)
( 2)
-

99.8
99.9
99.9
99.9
99.9

1.2

100. 0

( 2)

100. 0

2. 8

100. 0

.3

100. 0

2. 7

100. 0

.1

100. 0

260
270
280
290
300

________________

300 and over

-

7
6
6
7
3

T otal_______________________

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

Number of workers
(in thousands)__ ______________

105

21

69

10

54

8

$ 1. 35

$ 1.22

$ 1.45

$ 1. 16

$1. 51

$ 1 .: 15

Average hourly earnings 1 _




See footnotes at end of table.

co

to

Table 4.
Percentage distribution of all production workers in selected manufacturing industries
by average straight-time hourly earnings, 1 United States and South, June 1959— Continued
Sawmills and
planing mills,
general

Miscellaneous fabricated textile products
(in cents)

United States

Under 100 -----------------------------------

South

Cumulative
percent of
worker s

Percent
of
worker s

South
Cumulative
percent of
workers

Percent
of
worker s

Wooden
containers
South

Cumulative
percent of
workers

Percent
of
workers

Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

( a)

( 2)

( a)

(*)

0.5

0.5

( a)

l a>

100
105
110
115
120

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

105
110
115
120
125

__ __ ------------------------------------------------------------ -----------______________

14.6
6.6
9.9
6.0
5.9

14.7
21.3
31.1
37. 1
43.1

30. 1
10.6
13.9
5.6
7. 6

30. 1
40. 7
54.7
60.3
67.9

57.2
8.6
10.4
3.6
2.2

57.7
66.3
7*6.7
80.3
82.5

43.5
14. 1
10.5
6.4
' 4.5

43.5
57.7
68.2
74.6
79.0

125
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

130
135
140
145
150

______________
---------------------------------------------------------------______________

7.1
4.6
4.0
3.2
3.0

50.2
54.8
59.2
62.4
65.4

5 .4
4 .2
3. 7
2 .4
2 .4

73.2
77.4
81.1
83.5
85.9

6.4
1.1
1.2
.8
.6

58.9
90.0
91.2
92.0
92.6

2.9
2.2
.9
1.9
1.4

81.9
84.1
85.0
86.9
88.3

150
160
170
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

160 ______________
170 __ ----------------180
------- ------190 __ ___________
200
_ ------------

7.5
4.5
4.5
2.5
1.2

72.9
77.4
82.0
84.4
85.6

5. 3
2 .6
2 .2
.7
.7

91.2
93.9
96.0
96.8
97.5

2.9
.8
1.2
.5
.3

95.5
96.3
97.4
97.9
98.2

1.5
.7
2.6
1.0
2.0

89.8
90.5
93.1
94.1
96.1

200
210
220
230
240

and under
and under
and under
and under
and under

210
------- —
220 _ _____________
230
— ---------240 ______________
250 ______________

2.7
1.5
1.9
3.3
1.2

88.3
89.8
91.7
95.0
96.2

.6
.7
.5
.2
.1

98. 1
98.8
99.3
99.5
99.6

.7
.3
.3
.1
( 2)

98.9
99.2
99.5
99.6
99.7

1.6
.6
.6
.3
.3

97.7
98.2
98.8
99.1
99.4

250
260
270
280
290

and
and
and
and
and

260 ---------------------270 — -----------------280
-------------------290
--------------300 ----------------------

1.3
.2
.6
.4
.2

97.5
97:7
98.3
98.7
99.0

.1
( 4)
.1
(")

99.6
99.7
99.8
99.9
99.9

.1
.1

(*J
i?>
( a)

99.8
99.9
99.9
99.9
99.9

.1
( a)
.2
(?)
(*)

99.5
99.6
99.8
99.8
99.8

1.0

100.0

.1

100.0

.1

100.0

.2

100.0

under
under
under
under
under

300 and over __
Total

__ „

-----------------------_______

Number of workers
(in thousands) —-----

_____

100 .0

100.0

100 .0

100.0

--------- —

HI

23

145

21

$1. 45

$1. 21

$1. 11

$1. 19

Average hourly earnings 1




ml

- —

S e e fo o tn o te * a t e n d o f t a b le

T a b le 4 . P e r c e n t a g e d i s t r i b u t io n o f a l l p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s i n s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s
b y a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s , 2 U n it e d S t a t e s a n d S o u t h , J a n e 1 9 5 9 — C o n t in u e d

Miscellaneous wood products
Average hourly earnings1
(in cents)

United States

Under 100 __________ ________
... .

Household furniture
South

Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

0. 5

0. 5
20. 7
26. 7
32.5
37.4
43.4

Percent
of
workers

United States
C umulative
percent of
workers

South

Cumulative
percent of
workers

Percent
of
workers

Curhulative
percent of
workers

Percent
of
, workers

0.2

0.2

0. 3

0. 3

1
8
0
1
0

6. 2
3.6
6 .6
5. 2
4. 7

6. 4
10. 0
16. 6
21. 7
26. 5

11. 6
7.4
13. 9
10. 6
8. 3

11.9
19. 3
33.2
43. 9

9
5
1
8
7

72. 9
75.4
77.6
81.3
84. 1

5. 5
4 .6
4. 3
3. 9
4. 0

32.
36.
40.
44.
48.

0
6
9
8
7

8.2
5. 5
4. 9
4. 2
4. 0

60.4
65,9
70. 8
74. 9
79. 0

-

-

100 and under
105 and under
110 and under
115 and under
120 and under

105
110
115
120
125

......

20. 2
6. 0
5. 8
4. 8
6. 0

125 and under
130 and under
135 and under
140 and under
145 and under

13 0
135
140
145 _________________
150

6.2
4. 5
4. 4
4.2
2.3

49.
54.
58.
62.
65.

150
160
170
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

160
170 . .... _
180
190
200 ........

7.7
4.2
3. 8
3. 1
2.9

72. 7
76. 9
80. 7
83. 8
86. 7

8. 0
2. 1
1. 5
1.4
1.4

92. 1
94.2
95.7
97. 1
98. 5

7.
6.
5.
4.
4.

6
0
8
5
1

56. 3
62.3
68. 1
72. 6
76. 7

5. 8
4. 1
2. 2
1.4
1. 4

84. 8
88. 9
91.2
92.6
94. 0

200
210
220
230
240

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

210
220 ....
230
240
250 _

_

3. 1
2.4
1.6
1.9
1. 1

89. 8
92.2
93.7
95.6
96. 7

.5
.2
.2
.1
( 2)

99. 0
99.2
99.4
99. 5
99. 5

4. 7
3. 7
3. 0
2.6
2. 0

81.4
85. 1
88. 1
90. 7
92. 7

1.4
.9
.7
.7
.5

95.4
96.3
97. 0
97. 7
98.2

250
260
270
280
290

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

260
270 _________________
280
_
290 _
300 _________________

.8
.4
.8
.2
.1

97.6
98. 0
98. 7
98. 9
99. 0

.1
.1
. 1
( 2)
( 2)

99.6
99. 8
99.8
99.8
99.9

2. 0
1. 6
1. 1
.7
.4

94. 7
96,3
97.4
98. 1
98.6

.4
.3
.3
.1
.1

98.6
98.9
99.2
99.3
99.4

1. 0

100. 0

.i

100. 0

1.4

100. 0

.6

_T

__
.........

__

3 00 and over
Total ____
Kumber of workers
(in thousands) __________________
Average hourly earnings 1 _

5
1
5
7
0

40. 1
10. 7
7. 3
4. 0
4 .9
5.
2.
2.
3.
2.

40.
50.
58.
62.
67.

5 ?. 2

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

100. 0

50

16

238

89

$ 1. 43

$ 1.20

$ 1. 63

$ 1.33

See footnotes at end of table.




CO
CO

CO

Table 4. Percentage distribution of all production workers in selected manufacturing industries
by average straight-time hourly earnings, 1 United States and South, June 1959— Continued

Handbags and other personal leather goods
Average hourly earnings 1
(in cents)

United States
Percent
of
workers

Under 100 ________________________

Toys, amusement, sporting and athletic goods

0. 1

Costume jewelry, costume novelties,
buttons, and miscellaneous notions,
except precious metal

United States

United States

Cumulative
percent of
workers

Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

Percent
of
workers

Cumulative
percent of
workers

0. 1

( 2)

( 2)

( 2)

1
0
1
1
8

10. 1
18. 1
28.2
37. 3
44. 1

9.9
4. 1
7.2
6 .4
4. 8

9.9
14. 0
2 i:2
27. 5
32.4

14. 5
7. 0
7.7
8.4
6.3

1 30 ________________
135 ________________
1 40 ________________
1 45________________
1 50 ________________

8.2
4 .6
3 .6
4. 1
2. 9

52. 3
56. 9
60. 5
64. 6
67.6

5. 7
4. 1
4. 0
3. 3
3.2

38. 1
42.2
46.2
49. 6
52. 8

9.3
3. 8
4. 6
3. 5
2. 5

53. 2
56. 9
61. 5
65. 0
67.6

under
under
under
under
under

1 60________________
170 ________________
180 -----------------------1 90 ________________
200 ------------------------

5. 7
5. 8
4.2
3. 4
1. 3

73. 3
79. 0
83.2
86.6
87. 9

9.2
7. 8
6. 0
4. 8
4. 3

62. 0
69. 8
75.9
80. 7
85. 0

6. 5
5. 2
5. 1
2. 7
2.2

74. 1
79. 3
84.4
87. 0
89. 2

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

2 1 0 .............................
220 ________________
230 ---------------------240 ________________
250 ________________

2.2
1.2
2. 3
1. 1
.7

90. 1
91.3
93.6
94. 7
95.4

3. 8
2. 3
1. 7
1. 5
1.3

88. 8
91. 1
92. 8
94. 3
95.6

1.9
1.6
.9
1. 3
.7

91.2
92. 8
93.7
95.5
95.7

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

260
270
280
290
300

__________ *____
________________
________________
________________
------------------------

1. 6
.6
.5
.2
( 2)

97. 0
97.6
98. 1
98. 3
98.3

1. 0
.7
.6
.4
.3

96.6
97.3
97.9
98.3
98.7

1. 3
.7
.6
.6
. 1

97. 0
97.7
98. 3
98.9
99. 0

300 and o v er_____________________

1. 7

100. 0

1. 3

100. 0

1. 0

100. 0

100
105
110
115
120

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

1 0 5 ...... ......................
110 ________________
115 ________________
1 20________________
125 ------------------------

125
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

150
160
170
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290

10.
8.
10.
9.
6.

Total _______________________

100. 0

100. 0

( 2)
14.
21.
29.
37.
43.

100. 0

Number of workers
(in thousands) ----------------------------

25

73

48

Average hourly earnings 1 -----------

$ 1.44

$ 1. 54

$ 1.42

1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
2 Less than 0. 05 percent.
NOTE: Dashes indicate no data reported.




Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100.

5
5
2
5
9

T a b le

5.

P e r c e n t a g e d i s t r i b u t io n o f a l l p r o d u c t io n w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s b y a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s
f o r m e t r o p o lit a n a n d n o n m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , * U n it e d S t a t e s a n d S o u th , J u n e 1959

Knitting mills

Vegetable and animal oils and fats

Seamless hosiery mills (men's)

A v e r a g e h o u r l y 1earnings1

(in cents)

Metro­
politan

Under 100 _________________________

_

Nonmetro­
politan

1.6

Metro­
politan
_

South

United States

South

United States

Nonmetro­
politan

1.9

Metro­
politan

0.8

Nonmetro­
politan

0.8

Metro­
politan

2.1

United States

Nonmetro­
politan

Metro­
politan

South

Nonmetro­
politan

Metro­
politan

Nonmetro­
politan

1.0

2.7

1.0

3.0

1.1

28.9
10.1
11.0
7.6
7. 1

25.8
10.6
8.9
6.3
6. 1

30.5
10.5
11.5
7.7
7.2

100
105
110
115
120

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

105
110
115
120
125

_ _ ___
_________ _ __
_______________
_______________
_ ______ _

9.1
1.3
2.0
1.0
.6

46.9
7.2
5.3
2.8
2.7

32.7
4.6
4. 1
3.6
1.0

63.5
9.5
6.5
4.0
2.8

10.2
4.6
6.2
7.9
5. 1

18.2
7.6
8 .5
6.6
6.3

16.7
7.5
7.9
7.0
5.5

19.2
8 .5
9.0
7.3
6.6

23.1
10.5
9.6
6.4
6.3

125
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

130
135
140
145
150

_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________

1.0
.6
1.5
1.1
.8

2.2
.5
1.9
•.3
.7

1.9
1.9
4.4
1.1
1.6

2.9
.7
1.2
.3
.9

5.9
4.8
4.2
4.6
3.5

7. 1
5.6
6. 1
4.5
3.6

5.8
3.7
4. 3
4.7
3.2

7.4
5.8
6.2
4.7
3.2

7.2
4 .4
3.9
3.6
3.5

6.3
4.6
4. 1
3.4
2.1

6.6
4. 1
3.8
3.6
3.6

6. 1
4 .5
4.2
3.3
1.9

150
160
170
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

160
170
180
190
200

_______________

5.6
4.3
4.4
4.7
9.7

2.2
1.8
1. 1
3.0
2.6

3.9
3.0
7.3
7.0
4.5

1.0
.7
.7
.7
.3

8.2
5.2
6.4
4.2
2.8

6.4
5.6
4.0
2.1
1.3

7.4
4.3
4.9
5.5
2.4

5.8
3.7
3. 1
1.9
1.4

5.6
3.5
3. 5
2.3
1.1

4.0
2.7
2.8
1.3
1.0

5.6
3.6
3.2
2.3
1.0

3.5
2.3
2.7
1.1
.8

200
210
220
230
240

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

210
220
230
240
250

___________ __
_______________
_______________
_______________

10.8
7.3
7.8
4.8
4.8

4.2
2.9
4.9
1.8
1.1

4.5
3.7
3.4
2.1
1.0

.6
.7
.5
.3

2.8
2.4
1.8
1.3
1.1

1.2
1.0
1. 1
.7
.6

1.8
1.2
1.1
.7
.5

1.2
1.0
.8
.7
.6

1.2
.4
.5
.3
.1

.6
.2
.3
.2
.1

.9
.3
.4
.2
.1

.3
.2
.2
.1
.1

250
260
270
280
290

and
and
and
and
and

under
under
under
under
under

260
270
280
290
300

_______________
_______________
__________ __
_______________
_______________

6.4
3.0
3.1
1.1
.8

.8
.4
.2
.1
.1

.8
.2
.4
.5
.1

-

.4
.3
.1
.1

.2
.2
.1
.7

.3
.2
.1
.1

.1
.1
.1

.2
-

1.3
.6
.6
.6
.2

( 3)

(3)

300 and over _____________________

2.6

.7

.5

.1

2.6

.2

.7

.1

.1

.1

_____________________

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Number of workers
(in thousands) __________________

15

10

4

6

92

113

26

84

6

26

5

23

$1.96

$1.34

$1.47

$1. 10

$1.53

$1.34

$1.38

$1.31

$1.26

$1.22

$1.24

$1.21

Total

_______________
_______________
_______________

Average hourly earnings 1 __

( 3)

.2
-

(3)

( 3)

.1

.2
.1
l 3)

.1

l 3)

.1
.1
-

-

.2
.1

13 )

.1

l 3)

( 3)

.1

■
__________________
S e e fo o t n o t e s a t e n d o f* t a b le .




W
tn

T able

5.

P e r c e n t a g e d i s t r i b u t i o n o f a l l p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s by a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s
f o r m e t r o p o l i t a n a n d n o n m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s , 2 U n it ed S t a t e s a nd So ut h, June 1959—'■Continued

M e n 's , y o u th s ', and boys ' furnish ings,
w o r k c lothing, and a llie d g arm ents

M e n 's , you th s', and b o y s ' shirts (except
w o r k s h ir ts ) , c o l l a r s , and nightwear

05
Os

W o m e n 's , m i s s e s ' , c h i ld r e n ’s, and
i n f a n t s ' under, g a r m e n t s

A vera ge hourly earnings1
South

U n it e d State s
M etropo l it a n

U n d e r 100

____________________________

N onm etropo lit an

M etropo lit an

U n it ed S t a t e s

N onm etrop o lit an

M etro­
p o l it a n

South

N onm etro­
p o l it a n

0.9

4.4

1.8

5.5

1.1

2.7

M etro­
po l it a n

0.6

U n it e d St at es

N onm etro­
p o lit an

3. 1

M etro­
p o l it a n

South

N onm etro­
po l it a n

M etro­
p o l it a n

N onm etro­
p o lit an

1.0

1.3

1.9

2.2

12.7
7.6
10. 1
7.9
8 .3

20,3
6 .5
11.8
10.8
7.9

29.0
11.8
12.8
6. u
4.5

28.3
8 ,6
9.7
9.3
7.4

100
105
110
115
120

and
and
and
and
and

un d er
u nd er
un d er
un d er
un d e r

105
110
115
120
12 5

__________________
------------------- ----__________________
---------------------------__________________

18.0
5. 1
8.6
5.4
6.0

39.2
7.7
10.5
7.4
5.6

28.7
7.0
11.6
6.0
7.2

45.6
8.8
9 .0
6 .5
5.3

13.5
4 .7
10.4
5.3
6.6

40.0
8 .3
11.2
6.8
5.6

29.9
6. 1
13.0
3.8
5.6

47.6
9.0
9.7
6.7
5.2

12 5
130
135
140
1A 5

and
and
and
and
a nd

un d er
un d er
un d er
un d er
un de r

130
135
140
145
150

__________________
---------------------------__________________
-------------------------------------------------------

7.5
5. 1
5.0
4.1
3.5

5.2
4. 1
3.0
2.4
1.7

8.0
5.1
4.1
3.5
2 .4

4.7
3.7
2 .4
1.8
1.2

8 .3
5.3
5.4
4.9
4. 3

4.9
3.8
3. 1
2.7
2.0

11. 1
3.3
3.5
4.9
2.8

4. 5
3.1
2 .4
2.0
1.2

7 .4
4.4
4.7
4 .5
2,6

7.3
6.3
5. 1
3.5
3.7

6.8
3.5
2.6
3.2
1.9

7. 1
5. 1
4 .4
3. 1
2.6

150
160
170
180
190

and
a nd
and
and
a nd

un d er
un d er
un d er
un d er
un d er

160
170
180
190
200

__________________
__________________
__________________
__
____________
__________________

7. 3
4 .4
3.8
2.3
1.7

3.0
1. 8
1. 2
.9
.5

4. 3
2.6
3.0
1.7
.8

2.0
1.1
.8
.5
.3

7.8
5.6
3.8
3.7
2.2

3.2
1.9
1.3
1.0
.4

3. 5
2 .9
2 .8
2.6
.9

2.0
1.3
.8
.5
.2

5.9
4.6
4.2
2.8
1.7

5. 1
3. 1
2 .5
1.7
.8

4.6
2.8
2 .4
1.3
1.2

4. 3
2.6
2.0
1.2
.6

200
210
220
230
240

and
and
and
and
a nd

u nd e r
un d er
un d er
un d er
und er

210
220
2 30
240
250

__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
----------------------- —

2 .6
1.3
1.9
.8
.4

.4
.2
.2
. 1
.1

.7
.2
.6
.1

.3
.1
. 1

(?)

-1

( 3)

2.0
1.5
1.2
.6
.3

.5
.2
. 1
. 1
. 1

.6
.5
1.2
( 3)
, 1

.3
. 1
. 1
( 3)
. 1

1.9
1.4
1.4
.8
.4

.7
.4
.5
. 1
. 1

1.2
.7
.6
.3
.3

.5
. 1
.3
.2
.1

2 50
260
270
280
290

and
and
and
and
and

un d er
un d er
un d er
u nd e r
und er

260
270
280
290
300

__________________
____________ ___
--------------------------_____________— __
________________

1.2
.5
.5
.4
.3

. 1
. 1
.1
( 3)
( 3)

. 1
3)
3)
3)
3)

(
(
(
(
(

. 1
3)
3)
3)
3)

. 1
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
-

(
l
(
(
(

.5
.5
.2
.5

. 1
. 1
.1
( 3)

-1

-

.2
.2
.1
.1
-

.1
.1
( 3)
( 3)
-

300 a n d o v e r _________________________

1.3

.1

. 1

fl

.1

1.8

. 1

. 1

100 .0

N umber of w o rk e rs
( in t h o u s a n d s )
__ ------ -------------------

A v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s 1 -------------

Total

S ee f o o t n o t e s at e n d o f tabl e,




3)
3)
3)
3)
3>

.4
.2
.2
.2
. 1

.3

.1

.6

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

100.0

100 .0

100 .0

100 .0

100 .0

100 .0

1 00 .0

100 .0

100.0

133

177

26

122

28

57

8

41

68

37

5

15

$1.41

$1.16

$1.23

$ 1. 12

$1.39

$1.16

$1.25

$1.12

$1.41

$1.26

$1.23

$1.21

(
(
(
(

(
(
(
(

3)
3)
s>
)
3)

______ ( 3 )

Table 5

Percentage distribution of all production workers in selected manufacturing industries by average straight-time hourly earnings
for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas,* United States and South, June 1959— Continued

G i r l s ' , c h i l d r e n ' s , a n d i nf a nt s ' o u t e r w e a r

M iscella n eou s app arel and a c c e s s o r i e s

M is c e l la n e o u s f a b r ic a t e d textile pro du cts

A v era g e hourly e a rn in g s1
(in c e n t s )
U ni te d State s
M etropol ita n

Un der 100

___________________________

N onm etropo lit an

M etropo l it a n

South

U n it ed S t a t e s

South
N onm etrop o lit an

M etro­
p o l it a n

N onm etro­
p o l it a n

M etro­
po l it a n

U n it ed S t a t e s

N onm etro­
po l it a n

M etro­
p o l it a n

0.7

2.6

0.5

1.5

0.3

2.0

( 3)

2.4

( 3)

South

N onm etro­
p o l it a n

_

M etro­
p o lit an

( 3)

N onm etro­
p o l it a n

_

100
105
110
115
120

and
a nd
an d
a nd
an d

u nd e r
u n d er
un d er
un d e r
un d er

105
110
115
120
125

_____________
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________

11 . 2
4.0
11.7
6.3
7.3

30.4
8.3
9.3
6.1
6.4

46.6
11.1
6 .4
3.9
7.3

37.5
14.9
6.5
8.3
9.0

9.4
3.3
6.4
6 .4
7 /3

25.0
10.2
9.8
8 .8
7. 1

33.5
14. 3
11.1
8 .3
4.0

42.6
9 .7
12.3
5.8
4.7

12.3
5.9
9.1
6.0
5.6

26.2
10.0
13.7
5.8
7. 7

25.6
7.8
9.8
5.7
9.1

36.7
14.9
20.0
5.5
5.4

12 5
130
135
140
145

and
and
a nd
and
a nd

un d e r
u n d er
un d e r
un d er
un d e r

130
135
140
145
150

_________________
___ ____________
_________________
_________________
_________________

7.6
4.5
3.8
3.9
2.7

4.8
2.4
3. 1
2.4
1.5

9 .3
1.9
1.4
.9
3.8

5.1
2.7
2.3
1.7
1.7

5. 1
4.8
4. 1
3.7
2.6

7. 1
7.6
2.4
7.2
1.6

3.0
15.3
1.2
.2
. 1

5.9
4.0
2.8
2.6
1.3

7 .5
4.9
4.5
3.3
3.3

5. 1
3.4
4.0
2.5
1.8

6.8
5.4
4 .7
3.2
3.4

3.3
2 .5
2.2
1.1
1.0

150
160
170
180
190

and
an d
a nd
an d
a nd

un d e r
u nd e r
un d er
un d e r
u n d er

160
170
180
190
200

_________________
_________________
_________________
__ _____
___
_________________

7.0
4 .4
4. 5
2.7
1. 9

5. 1
3.6
3.3
2.8
1. 9

1.6
1.6
.5
.6
.6

3.6
1.4
.9
.7
.4

7.4
5.2
5.9
4. 1
2.7

3.9
1.8
1.0
.6
.3

.7
.6
6.0
.4
.1

2.3
1.3
.6
.6
.2

8.1
4 .8
5.0
2.7
1.2

4.6
3.4
2.3
1.4
1.0

7. 1
2.9
2.9
.9
.9

2 .6
2.2
1 .1
.4
.4

200
210
220
2 30
240

an d
a nd
a nd
and
a nd

u nd e r
u nd e r
u n d er
u n d er
u nd e r

210
220
2 30
240
250

_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________

2.9
2.0
1. 1
1.3
2.8

1.5
1.0
.7
.2
.3

.6
.4
. 1
.2
-

.4
.3
.5
( 3)
( 3)

4. 5
3. 1
1.8
2.2
.9

.5
.2
.4
.5
.2

.2
( 3)
.3
. 1
( 3)

.3
. 1
.3
. 1
-

2.9
1.7
2. 1
3.4
1.4

1.3
.7
.8
2.6
.2

.9
.9
.9
.2
.2

.2
.3
( 3)
.2
( 3)

2 50
260
270
280
290

an d
a nd
a nd
a nd
a nd

u n d er
un d er
un d e r
un d e r
un d e r

260
270
280
290
300

.4
.2
.1
.3
.1

.2

( 3)

__ _____
_________________
_________________
_________________

.9
.3
.4
.5
. 1

1.7
1.3
.9
.7
.6

.2
.2
.2
. 1
. 1

. 1
. 1

( 3)
. 1

.9
. 1

-

( 3)
-

1.4
.2
. 7
.5
.3

. 1
.2
. 1
. 1
( 3)

( 3)
. 1
-

-

-

. 1
-

( 3)
.2
-

. 1
-

_

.

(?)
( 3)
-

_

.2

.3

3.4

1.0

.2

1.2

.3

.2

( 3)

________________________

1 0 0 .0

100.0

100 .0

100 .0

100 .0

100 .0

100 .0

100 .0

100 .0

100.0

1 0 0 .0

100 .0

N um ber o f w o rk e rs
(in t h o u s a n d s )
___________________

49

19

4

6

39

16

3

5

92

19

14

9

A v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s 1 ________

$1.51

$1.28

$1.15

$1.16

$ 1.61

$1.26

$1.14

$1.48

$1.28

$1.26

$1.14

300 a n d o v e r
Total




_______________________

3.5

1. 1

$1.18

See footnotes at end of table.
CO

T able

5.

CO
00

P e r c e n t a g e d i s t r i b u t i o n o f a l l p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s in s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s by a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s
f o r m e t r o p o l i t a n a n d n o n m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s ,a U ni te d St at e s a nd S o ut h, June 1959— C o n t i n u e d

S a w m i l l s a n d planing
m ills, general

W ooden containers

M i s c e l l a n e o u s ’w o o d p r o d u c t s

A v e ra g e hourly ea rn in g s1
(in c e n t s )
South
M etrop o lit an

U n d e r 100

____________________________

_

M etrop o l it a n

(3)

( 3)
47.6
16.3
9.5
5.2
3.8

1.4
1.0
2.0
1.3
1.7

1.6
.6
2 .8
.9
2. 1

10.5
5.7
6.0
5. 1
5.4

5.7
3. 1
2. 3
1.8
1.2

22.8
4 .7
2.7
2.0
3.7

2.0
1.0
1.0
1 .1
.5

.5
.3
.3
.1
( 3)

2.6
2.2
1.7
1.2
.9

1.2
( 3)
.2
.1
( 3)

5.4
3.2
2.7
3.8
2 .4

1.5
1.9
.8
.5
.3

.5
.2
.3
. 1
-

.5
.2
. 1
( 3)
( 3)

.2
.4
( 3)

.1
( 3)
( 3)

. 1
( 3)
( 3)

1.4
.8
1.5

.4
.1
.2

.4
.4
( 3)

.1
( 3)
.1

-

( 3)

.2
. 1
.9
. 1

-

.4

.1

-

( 3)

( 3)

( 3)

(3)

( 3)

. 1

( 3)

( 3)

( 3)

.1

. 1

.2

2.0

.3

( 3)

.2

57. 1
8.5
11.0
3.7
2.1

31. 1
7. 7
13.7
9.9
6.6

12 5
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

under
u nd e r
u n d er
u n d er
u n d er

130
135
140
145
150

--------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------— _ -------------------------------------------

5.5
1.8
1.4
.9
.2

6.6
1.0
1. 1
.8
.7

4.2
2 .4
1.7
2.6
2 .4

150
160
170
180
190

and
and
and
and
and

un d e r
un d e r
u n d er
under
u nd e r

160
170
180
190
200

__ ______________
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------__________________

4.2
1. 1
.4
.6
.8

2.6
.7
1.3
.5
.2

200
210
220
230
240

and
a nd
a nd
and
and

u n d er
un d e r
un d er
un d e r
un d er

210
220
230
240
250

__________________
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------________________

1.4
.4
.7
. 1
-

250 a n d un d e r 260
260 a n d u n d er 270
270 an d un d e r 280

---------------------------__ _____________
__________________

280 a n d u n d er 290

__ _________

290 a n d u nd e r 300

__________________

_______________________

.1




See f o o t n o t e s a t e n d o f tabl e,

-

-

7.2
4.8
5.1
3.5
2. 3

58.1
8.7
7.2
2.9
3.0

______

N onm etro­
po lit an

4.6
4. 1
3.5
5.2
2 .4

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

A v era ge hourly earnings 1

0.3

M etro­
p o l it a n

2.4
2.1
.6
1.6
1.0

105
110
115
120
125

Number o f w o rk e rs
( in t h o u s a n d s )
-----------------------------

0.9 ,

South

N onm etro­
po l it a n

27.7
8. 1
7.2
6.4
7. 1

u n d er
under
under
u n d er
u n d er

Total

M etro­
po l it a n

9.3
3.0
3.9
2.6
4 .4

and
and
and
and
and

300 a nd o v e r

N onm etro­
p o l it a n

0.6

100
105
110
115
120

___

U ni t ed Sta te s

South
N onm etropol itan

10.0
5.6
4.9
2.7
8.7
7. 1
4. 1
3.9
9.3
5.5-

52.4
12.7
8.3
4.6
3.4
5.4
1. 9
1.4
1.5
1.6

100 .0

1 0 0 .0

10 0 .0

1 00 .0

1 00 .0

100 .0

1 00 .0

100.0

22

123

5

16

20

30

5

11

$1.14

$1.11

$ 1 . 15

$1.64

$1.29

$1.29

$1.40

$1.13

Table 5.

Percentage distribution of all production workers in selected manufacturing industries by average straight-time hourly earnings
for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas,aUnited States and South, June 1959— Continued

H andbags and other
person a l leather good s

Household furniture

T oys, am usem ent,
sportin g and athletic
goods

A v era ge hourly e a rn in gs1
( in c e n t s )
U nit ed States
M etro­
po lit an
U n d e r 100

South

N onm etro­
po lit an

M etro­
p o lit an

U ni te d St at es

U ni t e d St at e s

N onm etro­
p o l it a n

M etro­
p o l it a n

N onm etro­
po l it a n

M etro­
po l it a n

Costum e jew elry , costum e
n o v e lt ie s , buttons, and
m isce lla n e o u s notions,
except p reciou s m etal
U ni te d St at es

N onm etro­
p o l it a n

M etro­
p o l it a n

N onm etro­
p o l it a n

0.2

0.3

0.8

( 3)

0. 1

t :5)

-

1Q0
105
110
115
120

and
and
and
and
and

un d er
un d er
un d er
un d er
u nd e r

105
1 1 0
115
120
125

_
.
_
................................
_____________ ___
__ ______ _____ -_____
_____

3.3
1.5
3.4
2.9
2,9

10.0
6.3
10.8
8.1
7.1

9 .9
4 .3
8.7
8.8
7.5

12.6
9.4
17.1
11.8
8.8

11.0
7.9
10.6
9.0
6.3

6 .8
8 .2
8 .2
9,. 5
8,. 3

8.9
3.9
7.5
6. 1
4.9

13.8
5.0
5.8
7.4
4.6

15,. 5
7,. 7
8,. 4
8,.7
6,. 7

7.9
1.8
3.0
6 .0
4.1

125
130
135
140
145

and
and
and
and
and

un d er
un d er
un d e r
un d er
un d er

130
135
140
145
150

______________
_________________
__ _ _ _ _____
_________________
.
.
„

4.5
3.9
3.7
3.5
4.3

6.7
5.6
5.1
4 .3
3.6

8.9
5.3
5.0
4.6
4.9

7.8
5.6
4.8
3.9
3.5

7.7
4 .6
3.6
3.7
2.9

9,.8
4,.8
3, .9
5,.6
3,.0

5.8
4. 1
3.6
3.3
2.8

5. 1
4. 1
5.8
3.5
4 .9

10,.2
3..9
4.,7
3.,7
1..8

3. 1
3.2
3.5
2.1
7.3

150 a n d un d er 160
160 a n d un d e r 170
170 a n d un d er 180

_________________
_
_
________
__ ____
_____

7.9
6.3
7.1

7. 1
5.7

6.9
5.5

5.2
3.2

5.3
5.7

7,.0
6..0

9. 1
7 .4

9 .7
9.5

6..5
4.,9

6. 1
7.0

4.1

3.3

1.6

_
_________________

5.7
5.4

2.9
2.5

2.2
2.2

l.Q
.9

3.9
3. 1
1.2

5.,3

180 a n d un d er 190
190 a n d u nd er 200

4.,2
1..3

5.7
5. 1
4.8

7.3
3.8
2 .0

4. ,8
2., 1
1.,4

7.0
6.6
7.3

2.6
1.6
1.3
1.2
.8

.6
.4
.4
.4
.2

2.4
1.3
2.8
1.2

1.,5
8
5
9

.7

7

4.2
2 .7
2.0
1.7
1.5

2.2
.6
.5
.6
.5

1. 5
1. 3
8
1. 2
6

5. 1
3.2
2.1
1.8
1.6

.7

1.7
.7
.2
( 3)

1. 3
2
1
2

1.2
.9

.3
.2

.2
.2
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)

.4
.2
.2
. 1
.3

1. 3
4
4
3
1

1.7
2.5
1.9
2.8
.3

200
210
220
23 0
240

and
and
and
and
and

un d er
un de r
un d er
und er
un d er

2 1 0
220
230
240
250

_____ ___ __ _____
~
'
___ _ _ _____
_ _
_____
_________________

5.9
5.0
4.2
3.8
3.0

3.1
2.0
1.5
1.1
.6

250
260
270
280
290

and
and
and
and
and

un d er
und er
under
un d er
un d er

260
270
280
290
300

_________________
________
_____
_____
_ _
_________________
_________________

3. 1
2.6
1.7
1.2

.5
.4
.2
.2
. 1

300 a n d o v e r
Total

.7

.6

.7

.7

( 3)

.7
.5
.3

0. 1

2.3

.2

1.3

.1

1.7

1. 5

1.2

2.0

1. 0

.9

1 0 0 .0

1 0 0 .0

100 .0

100 .0

1 00 .0

100 . 0

100 .0

100 .0

100. 0

100 .0

Number of w ork ers
( in t h o u s a n d s )
__________________

135

103

34

55

19

5

58

14

42

6

A v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s 1 _______

$1.79

$1.41

$1.44

$1.26

$ 1.45

$1.42

$1.56

$1.45

$1.38

$1.69

* Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.
a See footnote 4, table 1 for definition of metropolitan area.
3 Less than 0. 05 percent.
NOTE: Dashes indicate no data reported.




Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 100.

T a b l e 6.

A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s 1 a nd p e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t i o n -w o r k e r s e a r n i n g l e s s than s p e c i f i e d a m o u n t s o f p a y
in s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , U ni te d S t a t e s , A p r i l 1 95 4, A p r i l 195 6, M a y 195 8, and June 1959
U nit ed St at es

I n d u s t r y g r o u p and date

Number
of
W orkers
( 0 0 0 's )

Average
earnings 1

P e r c e n t o f w o r k e r s e a r n i n g l e s s than—
$1.00

$1.05

$ 1 . 10

$ 1 . 15

$ 1.20

$1.25

$1.35

$ 1.50

C on fection ery
A p r i l 195 4
A p r i l 195 6
M a y 1958
June 1959

and r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s :
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------..........................................................

62
61
57
56

$1.26
1.46
1.55
1.57

22.2
. 5
1.4
.2

28.2
14.9
11.0
6.6

33.3
20. 1
15.0
9 .0

41.2
26.1
2 1 .4
12.2

49.4
28.9
25.6
16.9

57. 0
32 . 0
30.8
20.9

69.
45.
37.
33.

V e g e t a b l e and
A p r i l 1954
M a y 1958
June 1959

a n i m a l o i l s and fa t s :
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

28
23
25

1.40
1.59
1. 72

26.9
1.0
.6

2 9.5
16.1
24 . 0

29. 7
24. 1
27. 6

29.9
29 . 3
30. 8

36. 3
32 . 6
32. 5

37. 6
33.4
33.9

40 . 5
38.9
35. 8

54.1
45.7
39.1

K nit ti ng m i l l s :
A p r i l 1954 ----- ------------------------------------------A p r i l 195 6 ---------------------------------------- -------M a y 195 8 --------------- --------------------------------June 1959 -------------------------------------------------

192
20 0
183
20 5

1.26
1.32
1.39
1.43

30.4
1.5
.8
.8

37. 7
23.8
17. 8
15.4

4 3 .4
33.3
25.3
21.7

49 . 3
42.9
33.2
29.2

54. 6
49 . 8
40.4
36.4

59. 7
56.6
46.9
42. 1

67. 7
67. 0
59.4
53.9

76. 1
76.9
71.4
67.3

M e n ' s , y o u t h s ' , and b o y s ' f u r n i s h i n g s ,
w o r k c l o t h i n g , and a l l i e d g a r m e n t s :
A p r i l 195 4 ---------------------------------------------A p r i l 1956 ------------------------------------------------M a y 1958 — - ——------------------------------------June 1959 -------------------------------------------------

26 8
291
277
310

1. 11
1.25
1.27
1.27

49.2
2.9
1.5
2 .9

56.3
39. 4
2 9. 6
33.0

61.2
47. 0
37.2
39.6

66.3
54. 8
48 . 0
49.2

70.4
60. 8
54. 5
55.8

74. 3
66. 7
61.1
61.6

81.4
75.4
71.6
72.3

87.4
82.6
81.3
81.8

W o m e n ' s , m i s s e s ' , c h i l d r e n ' s , and
infants' under ga rm en ts:
A p r i l 19 54 ------------------------------------------------A p r i l 195 6 ----- ------------------------------------------June 1959 -------------------------------------------- —

101
113
105

1.22
1.30
1.35

33. 6
1.5
1. 1

42 . 7
31.0
16.5

48.5
41. 5
2 3 .7

54. 6
50.4
34.4

59.4
55.0
43.3

64. 4
60.4
51.5

72. 1
68.8
63.9

80.2
77.4
76.0

G i r l s ' , c h i l d r e n ' s , and i n f a n t s '
outerwear:
A p r i l 195 4 ------------------------------------------------A p r i l 1956 ------------------------------------------------M a y 1958 ------------------------------------------------June 1959 -------------------------------------------------

63
62
62
69

1 .3 1
1.35
1.40
1.45

32.0
.6
.6
1.3

42.2
32. 5
17.2
17.9

4 7.4
40.2
2 5.8
23. 1

53.8
49 . 7
38. 3
34. 1

58.2
52.4
44 . 5
40.4

61.7
55.8
50. 8
47.4

67.4
63.5
64.9
58.1

73.9
70.7
74.1
67.6

M iscella n eou s
accessories:
A p r i l 195 4
A p r i l 1956
M a y 1958
June 1959

57
55
48
54

1.28
1.33
1.45
1.51

33. 6
1.0
.4
.8

41.6
33.8
17.2
14. 7

45. 7
42.9
22*2
19.9

52.0
49.9
32.4
27.3

55. 7
53.9
40 . 1
34.4

59.2
58. 0
44.9
41 . 7

67.0
66.1
55.2
53. 0

74.1
75.8
66.2
63. 7

79. 7
60. 1
51.2
52.4

a p p a r e l and
------------------------------------------- — ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

S e e f o o t n o t e s at end o f t a b l e .




0
3
8
7

T a b l e 6. A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s 1 and p e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s e a r n i n g l e s s than s p e c i f i e d a m o u n t s o f p a y
in s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , U ni t e d S t a t e s , A p r i l 19 5 4, A p r i l 19 5 6, M a y 19 5 8, and June 1959— C o n t i n u e d
U ni te d St at e s — C o n ti n u e d
dum ber
of
workers
(000's)

I n d u s t r y g r o u p and date

Average
hourly
earnings 1

P e r c e n t o f w o r k e r s e a r n i n g l e s s than—
$1.00

$1.05

$ 1 . 10

$ 1 . 15

$1.20

$1.25

$1.35

$ 1 .5 0

M iscella n eou s
products:
A p r i l 1954
A p r i l 1956
M a y 1958
June 1959

f a b r ic a t e d textile
-----------------------------------------------.................................................. ......
........................................... - ...........
-----------------------------------------------

96
105
97
111

$1.29
1.39
1.45
1.45

28. 5
.5
.5
(2 )

36.5
25.0
16. 2
14.7

41.9
30.9
21.3
21.3

47. 5
37.9
30. 6
31.1

52. 6
41.2
35.4
37. 1

55.9
46.2
41.0
43. 1

65.7
55.4
51.2
54. 8

74. 8
67.2
62.9
65.4

M iscella neous
A p r i l 1954
M a y 1958
June 1959

wood products:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ............

48
45
50

1.30
1.40
1.43

21.2
. 8
.5

29.5
17.2
20 . 7

35.5
26.3
26. 7

43.9
35.9
32. 5

47. 8
41.2
37.4

53 i. 1
45 . 8
43.4

62.9
55.4
54. 1

74.2
67.4
65.0

H ousehold furniture:
A p r i l 195 4 ----------------------------------------------A p r i l 1956 .........................................................
M a y 1958
----------------------------------------------June 1959 ----------------------- -----------------------

20 4
225
208
23 8

1.45
1. 5 1
1.64
1.63

17.9
.1
.2
.2

23.2
13. 7
7.9
6. 4

27.0
19,5
12.9
10. 0

31.4
25 . 5
18.9
16. 6

35.2
30. 1
23.3
2 1.7

39.
34 .
27.
26 .

6
7
7
5

4 8.4
45.4
36.9
36.6

58.8
56.6
4 7. 7
48. 7

H an d b a gs and o t h e r p e r s o n a l
leather goods:
A p r i l 1954 ----------------------------------------------A p r i l 1956 - ------------------------------------------M a y 195 8
................................. .......................
June 1959
-----------------------------------------------

27
25
21
25

1.20
1.34
1.38
1.44

44.2
.7
(2 )
.1

56.2
40. 3
14. 6
10. 1

59.9
46. 7
24. 5
18. 1

62. 7
53.3
39. 8
28.2

66.0
56.9
49 . 6
3 7.3

69. 8
61.3
56.1
44.1

75.9
68. 8
67. 1
56.9

81.0
74.3
75.4
67.6

T o y s , a m u s e m e n t , s p o r t i n g and
athletic go o d s :
A p r i l 1954 ................................. .......................
M a y 195 8
-----------------------------------------------June 1959
------------------------------------------------

67
67
73

1.37
1.50
1.54

19.7
(2 )
(a )

24.9
10. 0
9.9

29.0
16.5
14.0

33. 5
24 . 6
21.2

37.8
30.2
27.5

42.2
35.3
32. 4

53.3
47 . 1
42.2

66.4
57. 6
52.8

Costum e je w e lry , costum e novelties,
b u t t o n s , and m i s c e l l a n e o u s n o t i o n s ,
e x cep t p r e c io u s m etal:
A p r i l 1954 - ......................................................
M a y 195 8
----------------------------------------------June 1959
........................................ .................

51
42
48

1.22
1 .4 1
1.42

37.3
.4
(2 )

4 6. 3
19. 7
14. 5

51.7
2 8.0
21.5

56.3
37.4
29.2

60.6
43.2
37.5

62.9
48.1
43.9

71.0
59. 8
56.9

78. 5
68.4
67. 6

Excludes prem iu m pay fo r
L e s s than 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t .




o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s ,

h olid ays,

and la te

shifts.

T a b l e 7.

A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s 1 an d p e r c e n t o f p r o d u c t i o n w o r k e r s e a r n i n g l e s s than s p e c i f i e d a m o u n t s o f p a y
in s e l e c t e d m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , Sou th, A p r i l 1 95 4, A p r i l 1 95 6, M a y 1 95 8, and June 1959
Sout h

I n d u s t r y g r o u p and date

C o n f e c t i o n e r y and r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s :
A p r i l 19 54 ----------------------------------------------A p r i l 1956 ,----------------------------------------------M a y 195 8 -----------------------------------------------June 1959 ----------------------------------------------V e g e t a b l e a nd a n i m a l o i l s and f a t s :
A p r i l 195 4 -----------------------------:-----------------M a y 195 8 ----------------------------------------------June 1959 ----------------------------------------------Knit ti ng m i l l s :
A p r i l 195 4 ----------------------------------------------A p r i l 1956 ---------------------------------------- -----M a y 1958 ----------------------------------------------Jun e 1959 ----------------------------------------------M e n ' s , y o u t h s ' , and b o y s ' f u r n i s h i n g s ,
w o r k c l o t h i n g , and a l l i e d g a r m e n t s :
A p r i l 1954 ----------------------------------------------A p r i l 1956 ----------------------------------------------M a y 1958 ----------------------------------------------June 1959 ----------------------------------------------W o m e n ' s , m i s s e s ' , c h i l d r e n ' s , and
infants' under g arm en ts:
A p r i l 195 4 ----------------------------------------------A p r i l 1956 ----------------------------------------------Jun e 1959 ----------------------------------------------G i r l s ' , c h i l d r e n ' s , and i n f a n t s '
outerwear:
A p r i l 195 4 ----------------------------------------------A p r i l 195 6 ----------------------------------------------M a y 1958 ----------------------------------------------June 1959 ----------------------------------------------M i s c e l l a n e o u s a p p a r e l and a c c e s s o r i e s :
A p r i l 1954 -------- -----------------------------------A p r i l 1956 ----------------------------------------------M a y 1958 ----------------------*--------- --------------June 1959 ----------------------------------------------M is c e lla n e o u s fa b r ic a te d textile
products:
A p r i l 1954 ----------------------------------------------A p r i l 1956 ------------------------------ -----------------M a y 1958 ----------------------------------------------June 1959 ----------------------------------------------M iscella n eou s w ood p rodu cts:
A p r i l 195 4 - ............................ ....................
M a y 1958 ----------------------------------------------June 1959 ----------------------------------------------H ousehold furniture:
A p r i l 195 4 ----------------------------------------------A p r i l 1956 .........................................................
M a y 1958 ----------------------------------------------June 1959 -----------------------------------------------

Number
of
w orkers
(000's)

Average
earnings 1




$1. 00

$1.05

$ 1 . 10

$ 1 . 15

$1.20

$1.25

$1.35

$ 1.50

7
8
8
8

$0.97
1. 19
1. 14
1 .2 1

72.2
8.0
1.4

79.3
44.2
38. 1
28. 0

82.2
4 5. 7
47.9
37.4

85. 3
52.4
64. 5
44.9

88.4
53.2
72.1
59.9

90 . 6
53. 7
75.4
68. 5

94.2
80.8
81.8
75. 7

97. 1
89.0
89.0
86.4

12
10
11

1.01
1.28
1.25

61.7
2.2
1.2

67. 7
34. 7
52. 6

67. 8
52.0
60.1

68. 1
57.9
65. 7

82. 6
63.3
69.6

84.0
65.2
71.7

87. 8
69. 7
75.3

92.5
76.4
79.6

95
106
98
110

1. 2 1
1.26
1.32
1.33

38.9
1.7
1.2
1.3

46.2
27.2
21.9
19.9

52.2
38.2
29.9
28.2

58.0
46.9
38. 5
36.9

62.
54.
46 .
44 .

67.
62.
53 .
50.

1
1
1
5

74.2
73. 1
65.3
62.9

80.9
81.9
77. 1
76.5

118
140
132
148

.94
1. 1 1
1. 14
1. 14

71.4
3. 6
2.3
4. 8

78.
50.
44 .
47 .

8 2 .3 60.4
54. 8
56.1

^5. 8
70.3
67.2
65. 5

88.9
77. 8
74.3
71.9

91.2
83.4
80. 1
77. 6

94. 7
90 . 5
87.9
86. 8

97.2
95.1
93.7
93.0

18
25
21

1. 14
1 .2 1
1.22

37. 7
.8
2.1

51.9
38. 7
30.6

58 . 6
50.5
40.0

64.9
57.4
50. 5

68.6
62 . 8
59.0

72. 7
68.4
65.6

79. 6
76.6
77.3

85.8
86. 8
86. 7

8
9
9
10

.86
1.09
1.14
1. 16

83. 7
1.7
. 8
1 .1

87.8
62. 0
43.6
42.0

88.9
73.3
58.4
55. 5

91.1
85. 6
66.5
62. 0

93.0
86.9
75.2
68. 7

94.1
88.1
79.8
77. 1

95.5
91.8
88.6
86.2

9 6 .7
9 4 .4
9 3.4
92.0

6
7
7
8

.92
1.07
1.12
1.15

63.9
4. 8
1.4
1.6

77.9
59.9
4 8. 8
41.0

81.3
70.3
59.2
52.3

84.2
80. 8
70.9
64.2

88. 5
86.6
78.7
70.9

89.0
89.8
84. 0
75.3

96.0
96.0
9 0.6
88.2

97.2
98.5
96.0
93.1

18
19
20
23

1.08
1. 19
1.22
1. 2 1

52.4

57.3
35. 0
38. 5
30. 1

60.4
45.9
46.5
40 . 7

65. 5
55.4
54.8
54. 7

71.1
63.3
61.3
60.3

73. 7
68. 8
66.9
67.9

80.4
81.1
76.9
77.4

88. 8
89 o 1
86.9
85.9

14
15
16

1.14
1. 19
1.20

29. 7
2. 3

41.7
37. 7
40. 1

50.4
50.0
50.8

57.8
62.3
58.0

62.0
68.0
62.1

68. 7
71.6
67.0

76. 7
81.2
75.4

87.2
87. 1
84.1

71
83
78
89

1.12
1.25
1. 3 1
1.33

42.2
.2
.5
.3

52.2
28.3
17.5
11.9

59.2
37.9
2 8.4
19.3

66.0
48.3
39.5
33.2

71.3
55.1
48. 1
43.9

76. 0
61.5
55.9
52.2

84.0
73.4
68.0
65.9

89.4
83.9
79.9
79.0

1 E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s ,
a D e s s than 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t .
NOTE:

P e r c e n t o f w o r k e r s e a r n i n g l e s s than—

-

1.0
(* )

-

h olid ays,

1
1
7
6

and la t e

shifts.

D a s h e s i n d i c a t e n o data r e p o r t e d o r data that do no t m e e t p u b l i c a t i o n c r i t e r i a .

8
7
0
1

43

Appendix A :

$cop« ond Method of Survey

S co p e o f S u rvey
The June 1959 su r v e y o f e m p lo y e e ea rn in g s in s e le c te d m an u factu rin g in ­
d u s tr ie s r e p r e s e n te d a ll e sta b lish m en ts having one o r m o r e paid e m p lo y e e s . The
study w as lim ite d to esta b lish m e n ts in 17 m an u factu rin g in d u stry g r o u p s , as d e ­
fin ed in the 1957 ed ition o f the Standard In d u strial C la s s ific a tio n (SIC) M anual,
p r e p a r e d b y the B u reau o f the B udget. The SIC co d e s and in d u stries studied a re
show n in table 1. In clu ded in the su rv e y w e re ce n tra l a d m in istra tiv e o ffic e s and
oth er a u x ilia r y u n its, su ch as la b o r a t o r ie s , w a r e h o u s e s , and p ow erp la n ts a ff i l ­
iated with and s e r v ic in g the p r o c e s s in g e sta b lish m e n ts .
A p p a re l jo b b e r s w ho,
p r io r to the 1957 r e v is io n in the SIC m anual w e r e c la s s ifie d in tra d e , a re in ­
clu d ed w ith the m a n u fa ctu re rs in this s u rv e y . T h ese jo b b e r s p e r fo r m the e n tr e ­
p r e n e u r ia l fu n ction s o f a m a n u fa ctu rin g com p an y su ch as buying raw m a t e r ia ls ,
desig n in g and p r e p a r in g s a m p le s , a rra n g in g fo r the m an u fa ctu re o f the g arm en ts
fr o m th e ir m a t e r ia ls , and s e llin g the fin ish ed p ro d u ct.
The ea rn in gs data on w h ich this r e p o r t is b a s e d re la te to a ll n o n s u p e rv is o r y w o r k e r s , of w hom p r o d u ctio n w o r k e r s fo r m e d the la r g e s t g rou p . P r o d u c ­
tion and oth er n o n s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e grou ps a re defin ed in the q u estion n a ire
fo r m (item IV ) A pp en dix B , and a re rep ea ted u n der "D e fin itio n o f T e r m s . "
S u rv ey c o v e r a g e exten ded to
(A la sk a and H aw aii w e r e e x clu d e d ) fo r
The w ood en co n ta in e r, and s a w m ill and
in the Southern S ta tes.
(See fo o tn o te
in the South. )
June 15,

W age data
1959.

re la te

to

48 States and the D is tr ic t of C olu m b ia
a ll but tw o o f the in d u stry g rou ps stu d ied .
planing m ill in d u stries w e re s u rv e y e d on ly
2 to table 1 f o r a lis t of States in clu d ed

& re p re s e n ta tiv e p a y r o ll p e r io d

ending

n earest

C o lle c tio n of Data
P r im a r y data u sed in p r e p a rin g the e stim a te s f o r this study w e r e o b ­
tained b y m a il q u e stio n n a ire s in m o s t c a s e s .
P e r s o n a l v is its w e re g e n e ra lly
co n fin e d to la r g e r e sta b lish m e n ts , and to a sa m p le o f a ll n on resp on d en ts to the
tw o m a il r e q u e s ts .
Sam plin g P r o c e d u r e
The study w as con d u cted on the b a s is of a stra tifie d p r o b a b ility s a m p le ..
The lis t s o f e sta b lish m e n ts fr o m w hich the sa m p le w as s e le c te d w e r e obtained
fr o m State a g e h e ie s w h ich a d m in iste r the u n em p loy m en t in su ra n ce la w s.
T h ese
lis ts show the e m p lo y m e n t, in d u stry c la s s ific a t io n , and lo c a tio n o f a ll m a n u fa c­
tu rin g esta b lish m e n ts c o v e r e d b y th ose law s in ea ch State.
S in ce a n u m ber of
States do not in clu d e un der su ch law s esta b lish m e n ts w ith fe w e r than fo u r e m ­
p lo y e e s , the sa m p le did not in clu d e any su ch u n its. (See "M eth od o f E s tim a tio n "
f o r trea tm en t o f e m p lo y m e n t in su ch e s ta b lis h m e n ts .)
W ithin e a ch in d u s tr y -r e g io n a l g rou p in g, the sa m p le w as s o s e le c te d as to
y ie ld the m o s t a c c u r a te e stim a te s p o s s ib le w ith the r e s o u r c e s a v a ila b le . T his was
done b y in clu d in g in the sa m p le a g r e a te r p r o p o r tio n o f la r g e than o f sm a ll e s ta b ­
lish m en ts— in g e n e r a l, an e s ta b lis h m e n t's ch an ce o f in clu s io n depended on its e m ­
p lo y m e n t s iz e .




44
The in itia l s o lic it a t io n in clu d ed 5 ,1 0 1 e sta b lish m e n ts . R e p lie s w e re r e ­
c e iv e d fr o m 2 ,8 9 0 o f w h ich 448 w e re ex clu d ed fr o m the tabu lation s. T h ese la tter
w e r e e ith e r in in d u strie s oth er than th ose s e le c te d f o r study and h en ce out o f the
s c o p e of the su r v e y , out o f b u s in e s s , o r u n u sable. Of the 2 ,2 1 1 n on resp on d en ts,
305 w e r e co n ta cted in p e r s o n b y B ureau fie ld e c o n o m is ts . T hus, the tabulations
a r e b a s e d on data fr o m about 2 ,7 4 7 e sta b lish m e n ts .
M ethod of E stim a tio n
Data c o lle c t e d f o r e a ch e sta b lish m en t w e re w eighted in a c c o r d a n c e w ith
the p r o b a b ility o f s e le c t io n o f that e sta b lish m en t. F o r e x a m p le, w h e r e 1 out o f
10 e sta b lish m e n ts w as s e le c te d in a r e g io n a l-s iz e -in d u s t r y c la s s , it w as c o n s id ­
e r e d as r e p re se n tin g it s e lf and the 9 oth er e sta b lish m e n ts , i . e . , w as g iv en a
w eigh t o f 10.
T hus, if the e sta b lish m en t had 1 w o r k e r at $ 1 .8 9 an h o u r, the
fin a l e stim a te fo r that e sta b lish m en t w ould in clu d e 10 w o r k e r s at $ 1 .8 9 an h ou r.
A ll estim a te d totals d e r iv e d fr o m su ch w eighting p r o c e s s e s w e re fu rth e r
a d ju sted to the in d u stry e m p lo y m e n t le v e ls fo r June 1959, as r e p o rte d in the B u ­
rea u of L a b or S t a t is t ic s 1 m on th ly s e r ie s f o r m an u factu rin g. A s no totals of n on s u p e r v is o r y em p loy m en t a r e a v a ila b le , the r a tio o f n o n s u p e rv is o r y to total e m p lo y ­
m en t d e v e lo p e d in the sa m p le w as app lied to the totals o f a ll e m p lo y e e s shown f o r
June 1959 in the BLS m on th ly s e r i e s . M a te ria ls fr o m the 1954 C ensus of M anu­
fa c t u r e r s w e r e u sed to is o la te totals fo r the South fr o m the United States totals
f o r an in d u stry as show n in this b u lletin .
Data fo r e sta b lish m e n ts with fr o m 1 to 3 e m p lo y e e s ,
clu ded in the sa m p le , w e r e im puted to the e sta b lish m en ts w ith
p lo y e e s in the sa m e in d u stry r e g io n s c la s s .
The fo r m e r
3 .5 p e r c e n t o f em p loy m en t in the s e le c te d m a n u factu rin g

w hich w e re not in ­
fr o m 4 to 19 e m ­
data in clu d e about
in d u stries stu d ied .

No a ssu m p tion has b e e n m ade that the n on resp on d en ts w e re s im ila r to the
resp on d en ts in th eir w age s tr u c tu r e . In o r d e r to m in im iz e the b ia s o f n o n re sp o n s e ,
the sa m p le retu rn s obtained b y p e r s o n a l v is it fr o m the n on resp on d en ts to the m a il
q u e ry w e r e w eigh ted to r e p r e s e n t a il other n on resp on d en ts in the sam e in d u s try r e g io n a l- s iz e c la s s e s .
C r it e r ia f o r P u b lica tio n o f E stim a te
S in ce the data w e r e c o lle c te d on a sa m p le b a s is , the re s u lts m a y d iffe r
fr o m the findings that w ould have b e e n obtained fr o m a co m p le te ce n su s. A s a
r u le , the p u blish ed e stim a te s a re b a s e d on a sam p le of at le a s t 50 e sta b lish m e n ts ,
to m in im iz e the p o s s ib ilit y o f e x c e s s iv e sam p lin g e r r o r . W here ce rta in im p ortan t
se g m e n ts of the in d u stry w e r e not r e p re s e n te d in the s a m p le , estim a te s w e re not
show n s e p a r a te ly , even though the sam p le a p p ea red to^be n u m e r ica lly la r g e enough.
D e fin itio n o f T e r m s
E sta b lish m e n t.— Data w e r e re p o rte d f o r individual e sta b lish m en ts ra th er
than c o m p a n ie s . An e sta b lish m e n t is g e n e r a lly defin ed as a sin g le p h y sica l l o c a ­
tion w h e re b u sin e ss is con d u cted . W h ere two o r m o r e a c tiv itie s w e r e c a r r ie d on
at a sin g le e sta b lish m e n t, the e n tire e sta b lish m en t w as c la s s ifie d on the b a s is of
its m a jo r a c tiv ity in te rm s o f s a le s . A ll data f o r su ch an esta b lish m en t w e r e in ­
clu ded in that c la s s ific a t io n .
Data f o r a u x ilia r y units o f m an u factu rin g e s ta b lish m e n ts , such as sep a ra te
o f f i c e s , and la b o r a t o r ie s , w e r e in clu d ed in this r e p o r t and c la s s ifie d on the b a s is
o f the m a jo r a c tiv ity o f the m a n u factu rin g s e r v ic e d .




45
N o n s u p e r v is o r y W o r k e r s . — In clu ded in this group a re p ro d u ctio n w o r k e rs
en ga ged in fa b r ic a tin g , p r o c e s s in g , a s s e m b lin g , in sp e ctin g , r e c e iv in g , s to r in g ,
h andling, p a ck in g, w a re h o u sin g , shipping, tru ck in g, hauling, m ain ten an ce, r e p a ir ,
ja n it o r ia l, w atch m en s e r v i c e s , p rod u ct d ev elop m en t, a u x ilia ry p ro d u ction fo r
plan t1s own use (e . g. , p ow erp la n t), and re c o r d k e e p in g and oth er s e r v ic e s c l o s e l y
a s s o c ia t e d w ith the a bove p ro d u ctio n op e ra tio n , in clu d in g w ork in g fo r e m e n , le a d m en , and tr a in e e s . A ls o in clu d ed in this group a re oth er n o n s u p e rv is o r y w o r k e r s ,
su ch as o ffic e and c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s , c a fe te r ia e m p lo y e e s , rou tem en , w o r k e rs e n ­
gaged in the in sta lla tio n and s e r v ic in g o f p rod u cts m ade in the esta b lish m e n t, and
fo r c e - a c c o u n t c o n s tr u c tio n e m p lo y e e s engaged in c o n s tru ctio n o f m a jo r additions
o r a lte ra tio n s w ho a r e u tilize d as a sep a ra te w o rk f o r c e .
E a rn in gs D a ta . — F o r p u rp o se s o f this study, earn in gs data re la te to
s tr a ig h t-tim e e a r n in g s , ex clu d in g p re m iu m pay f o r o v e r tim e w o rk , and f o r w o rk
on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and late s h ifts .
C o s t - o f - l i v i n g bon u ses and p rod u ction
b on u ses a r e c o n s id e r e d part o f e a rn in g s , but n on p rod u ction b on u ses a re n ot.

Individual a v e r a g e h o u rly earn in gs fo r e m p lo y e e s not paid b y the hour
w e r e obtain ed b y divid in g total s tr a ig h t-tim e earn in gs r e p o r te d b y the n u m ber o f
hours paid f o r in the c o r r e s p o n d in g p e r io d .
G roup a v e ra g e h o u rly ea rn in gs pu blish ed in this r e p o r t w e re obtained b y
divid in g the sum o f the h o u rly ea rn in gs b y the n u m ber of in dividu als r e p re s e n te d
in the grou p tota l.
M e tro p o lita n A r e a s .— The te rm "m e tro p o lita n a r e a " u sed in this r e p o r t
r e f e r s to the standard m e tr o p o lita n a re a s esta b lish e d u n der the s p o n s o rs h ip of the
B u reau o f the B udget. A s o f the p e rio d c o v e r e d , 188 su ch a re a s in the cou n try
m e t c e r ta in c r it e r ia as to pop u lation s iz e , d e g re e o f u rb a n iza tion , con tigu ity , and
pop u la tion d en sity .
T h ese a r e a s in clu d e a ll m a jo r c itie s and th eir contiguous
suburban a r e a s .
T h ey in clu d e a ll a re a s containing at le a s t one ce n tra l city of
5 0 ,0 0 0 o r m o r e , and in clu d e c e r ta in a re a s around such c itie s if they m e e t ce rta in
c r it e r ia o f b e in g m e tr o p o lita n in c h a r a c te r and e c o n o m ic a lly in tegra ted with the
c e n tra l c ity .
In d u stry G rou ps and In d u stries
The d efin ition s o f the m an u factu rin g in d u strie s and in d u stry grou ps u se d
in this r e p o r t a re c o m p le te ly defin ed in the 1957 ed ition of the Standard In d u strial
C la s s ific a t io n M anual, p r e p a r e d b y the B u reau of the B udget.




46

Appendix B:

Questionnaire
Budget B oren No. 44-R1006.4
Approval expires Jane 80,1900

B L S 2385
'R « t . »s «)

U . S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S

Washington 25, D. C.

Your report will be
held in confidence

DISTRIBUTION OF STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS
IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
L

COMPANY IDENTIFICATION:

Location of establishment for which data
are desired if different from mailing address
II.

MAJOR PRODUCTS OR SERVICES:
( L i s t s ep a ra tely all products or s e r v i c e s fo r this e sta b lish m en t.
8 0 p ercen t or m ore o f la st annual s a l e s .

The p roducts l is t e d sh ou ld a cc o u n t for a total o f

Include in s a l e s all r e c e ip ts from nonmanufacturing a c t i v i t i e s , i f a n y .)

Approximate
percent of
sales

Product or service

Approximate
percent of
sales

Product or service

III. PAYROLL PERIOD:

The data reported should be for payroll period ending nearest
Payroll period covered:

From

19

June 15, 1959

to

(date)

19
(dete)_______________________________________________

IV. EMPLOYMENT:
Total

_____________

I

_______________________________________________________________________________

]

E n ter total num ber o f e m p lo y e e s (fu ll-tim e and pa rt-tim e) w ho r e c e iv e d p a y fo r p a yroll p eriod co v er ed .

Nonsupervisory employees and working supervisors

____ ______ ________________

I

1

E n ter number o f n o n su p erviso ry w o rk ers, fu ll-tim e and part-tim e (including w orking s u p e r v iso r s )w h o w ork ed or r e c e i v e d
p a y for any part o f the p ayroll p eriod reported . Include p ers o n s on paid s ic k l e a v e , paid h o lid a ys , paid v a ca tio n s , and
oth er paid l e a v e . E x clu d e e x e c u t i v e , p r o fe s sio n a l, and s u p e r v is o r y e m p lo y e e s a b o v e the w orking forem an l e v e l .

(a)

Production and related workers (plant workers) --------------------------------------------------

1 --

■

■1

E n ter tota l number o f n o n su p er viso ry w orkers (fu ll-tim e and p a rt-tim e) en g a ged in fabrica tin g, p r o c e s s in g , a s s e m ­
bling, in s p e ctin g , r e c e iv in g , storin g, hand lin g , p a ck in g, w areh ou sin g, sn ip p in g , trucking, hauling, m ainten ance,
repair, jan itorial, watchm en s e r v i c e s , product d ev elo p m en t, auxiliary produ ction fo r plant*s ow n u s e ( e . g . , p o w erplant), and record k eep in g and oth er s e r v i c e s c l o s e l y a s s o c ia te d w ith th e a b o v e production opera tion .
In clu d e
w orking forem en , leadm en, and tra in ee s.

(b)

Other nonsupervisory workers

i

_____________ ______________ ____ —- —. . . . . . . .

■ .

—J

E n ter number o f oth er n o n su p er viso ry e m p lo y e e s , fu ll-tim e and part-tim e, s u ch a s o f f i c e and clerica l w ork ers,
c a feteria e m p l o y e e s , routem en, w orkers en g a ged in th e insta lla tion and s e r v i c i n g o f products made in the e s ta b ­
lish m en t, and fo rc e -a c c o u n t con stru ction e m p lo y e e s en g a ged in con stru ction o f major a dditions or a ltera tion s who
are u tiliz e d a s a sep a ra te work fo r c e .

V.

Do you have a piecework, bonus, or other type of incentive plan?

Yes

CD

No 1

1

If yes, how many of the production (plant) workers are included in such plans?

VI.
VII.

- ..........

How many production workers were paid a shift differential during the payroll period covered?
Do you want a copy of the Bureau’s report on this survey?

Yes

1=1

No I

I

Name and title of person furnishing data

FOR OFFICE USE ONLY
Schedule
number




Area

Reg.

State

City
size

SIC
code

Est.
size

Weight

Special
charac.

47

VIII.

WAGE RATES OF NONSUPERVEORY WORKERS:

Use columns 1 and 2. Enter each straight-time hourly rate in the establishment
in column 2, and the number of workers at each rate in column 1.
(See example A.)

Hourly
rate

Use columns 1, 3, and 4. Enter each straight-time salary rate in the establishment
in column 4, number of hours in column 3 for which-straight-time salary rate is
paid, and number of workers in column 1 for each salary rate and hours entry.
(See examples B and D.)

Salary

rate

Use columns 1, 3, and 4. Enter earnings in column 4 for each worker paid on an
incentive basis during payroll period. A.U in c e n tiv e p a ym en ts e x c e p t premium

Incentive
earnings

—

p a y for overtim e and s h ift work sh ou ld b e r e fl e c t e d in the earnings reported.
I f a vera g e
hourly earnings exclu d in g overtim e and s h ift prem ium p a y for individual w ork ers
are rea d ily a va ila b le , enter such averages for each incentive worker in column 2

In column 3 enter number of hours worked during payroll period.

and leave columns 3 and 4 blank. Do not aggregate hours and earnings for 2 or
more workers. However, if the number of hours worked and the earnings corres­
ponding to those hours are identical for 2 or more workers, a single entry may be
made and the number of workers entered in column 1. (See examples C and D.)

NOTE:

EXCLUDE PREMIUM PAY FOR OVERTIME AND FOR WORK ON WEEKENDS,
HOLIDAYS, AND LATE SHIFTS FROM ALL WAGE DATA REPORTED.

OTHER NONSUPERVISORY WORKERS

PRODUCTION (PLANT) WORKERS
( U s e this s e c t i o n to report data for
rela ted w orkers including w orking
total number o f w orkers reported
number sh ow n in this ca te g o ry
page L )

Number
of
workers

(1)

Hourly
rate

(2 )

all production and
s u p e r v is o r s . The
sh ou ld equal the
in S ec tio n I V ( a ) ,

Salary rate or
incentive earnings
Hours
for " ^
(3)

( U s e this s e c t i o n to report data for all oth er nonsuper v is o r y e m p lo y e e s not in cluded in the o p p o s ite s e c tio n .
T he total number o f w orkers reported sh ou ld equal
the number sh ow n in th is c a te g o ry in S ec tion IV (b ),
page 1 .)

Number

of
workers

Hourly

(1)

(2)

rate

Earnings
_

(4)

Salary rate or
incentive earnings
Hours
for
^
(3)

Earnings
(4)

Examples:
A.

2

R-

1




$1,275
80.0

$148.75

C.

3

37.5

$48.00

D.

1

37.5

52.50

☆ U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: I960 O -551484