The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
Extended Mass Layoffs in 2004 U.S. Department of Labor U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics September 2005 Report 989 Highlights T he Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) conducts the Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program to provide information on large-scale private nonfarm layoff events and on the characteristics of dislocated workers. Each month, BLS reports on the number of mass layoff events by employers, and each quarter there is a separate report on the number and characteristics of those private nonfarm mass layoffs that last more than 30 days. This report summarizes that latter analysis for all of 2004, providing information on the industry, geographic distribution, and size of private nonfarm mass layoffs; the demographic characteristics of those claiming unemployment insurance; the duration of certified unemployment; the expectation of recall; the extent of permanent worksite closures; and the movement-of-work actions taken by employers. In 2004, employers laid off nearly 1 million workers in 5,010 private nonfarm extended mass layoff events. Layoff activity continued to abate in 2004, nearly returning to levels recorded prior to the March-November 2001 recession. (See table 1.) Thirty-three States reported over-the-year declines in the number of workers laid off, with 10 of those States reaching series lows in 2004. Employers in 366 of the nonseasonal and nonvacation period layoff events moved work to other U.S. locations or to locations outside of the country, either within the same company or to other companies. Between 55,000 and 73,000 workers lost their jobs in extended mass layoffs because their employers moved work to other locations. Layoff activity involving permanent worksite closures, which accounted for 15 percent of all layoff events and affected 159,856 workers in 2004, continued to decline from its peak in 2001. Extended mass layoffs, as defined in the MLS program, refer to layoffs of at least 31 days’ duration that involve the filing of initial claims for unemployment insurance by 50 or more individuals from a single establishment during a consecutive 5-week period. Since 2004, the detailed reports no longer cover government and agricultural layoffs. This report uses new metropolitan area definitions as established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget in its Bulletin 04-03. Additional information about the program is provided in the Technical Note that follows the tables. Industry distribution of 2004 mass layoffs • Manufacturing establishments accounted for 29 percent of layoff events and 26 percent of separations in 2004, down from 34 percent of events and 32 percent of separations in 2003. The percentages in 2004 were the lowest recorded for this sector since annual data became available in 1996. Food manufacturing firms (mostly fruit and vegetable canning and freezing) accounted for the largest number of workers laid off in manufacturing, followed by transportation equipment (largely in automobiles), computer and electronic products, and fabricated metal products. These four sectors accounted for 52 percent of the separations in manufacturing in 2004. Computer and electronic products registered the largest decrease in manufacturing separations (-27,391) when compared with 2003. (See tables 2 and 3.) • Retail trade (mainly food and beverage and general merchandise stores) accounted for 14 percent of private nonfarm separations. The 143,660 laid-off retail workers in 2004 were a record number. (See table 2.) More than half of the layoffs in retail trade were due to the ending of seasonal work or the completion of a contract. • Construction (mainly in heavy and civil engineering and specialty trade contractors) accounted for 17 percent of mass layoff events and 12 percent of separations. (See table 2.) Layoffs due to the end of seasonal work or the completion of a contract accounted for 86 percent of the separated workers in construction. Employers in 77 percent of the layoff events in construction expected some type of recall of laid-off workers. • Administrative and waste services accounted for 11 percent of all private nonfarm layoff events and separations, due in part to the completion of contracts in temporary help agencies and professional employer organizations. (See table 2.) Both the numbers of events (545) and separations (113,288) 1 in administration and waste services reached their lowest levels since 2000. tions. Leaving the list were discount department stores, motion picture and video production, and scheduled passenger air transportation. (See table 6.) • Manufacturers and distributors of clothing reported Reason for layoff • Employers who cited the end of seasonal work as the reason for layoff accounted for 33 percent of layoff events and 34 percent of separations. (See table 7.) On average, during each of the last 5 years, more than 318,000 workers have been laid off because of seasonal work. Thirty-two percent of all workers who were separated because seasonal work ended were in food manufacturing, heavy and civil engineering construction, and transit and ground passenger transportation. laying off 59,683 workers, the lowest level ever recorded in the program. (See table 2.) The ending of seasonal work accounted for the largest number of separations in this industry group. The West registered the highest number of laid-off workers (24,812), replacing the South, which had held the top spot from 1996 to 2003. • Employers involved in food processing and distribution, excluding agriculture, accounted for 18 percent of all private sector separations, representing 180,189 workers. The number of such workers laid off increased by 10 percent, or 15,950 workers, over the 2003 level, and reached a record high. (See tables 2 and 3.) • Layoffs due to internal company restructuring accounted for 20 percent of all private nonfarm events and separations, down slightly from 21 percent of events and 24 percent of separations in 2004. (See table 7.) These layoffs occurred largely in credit intermediation and related activities, food manufacturing, and telecommunications. Employers in California reported the largest number of workers laid off due to restructuring; Illinois had the next largest. • Of the major sectors, manufacturing recorded the largest decrease in worker separations between 2003 and 2004 (-129,902), followed by administrative and waste services (-34,632), information (-29,586), and transportation and warehousing (-28,820). Among those sectors that had over-theyear increases in the number of separated workers, retail trade had the largest gain (+16,425), followed by accommodation and food services (+15,496) and health care and social assistance (+11,694). (See table 3.) • In 2004, the number of workers separated due to the completion of a contract (170,192) increased for the fifth consecutive year and was at its highest level since 1997. (See table 7.) The largest number of separations due to contract completion occurred in administrative and support services (temporary help), followed by food and beverage stores and specialty trade contractors. • Each of the four information technology-producing industries (computer hardware, software and computer services, communications equipment, and communications services) reported declines in separations from year-ago levels. Among these industries, firms involved in communications services had the largest number of laid-off workers (17,266) in 2004. (See table 4.) • Layoffs due to a nonseasonal lack of demand for products and services (slack work) declined sharply in 2004 (-59,511 workers), reaching its lowest level since the MLS program was begun in 1996. (See table 8.) The over-theyear decline was due largely to reductions in layoffs in computer and electronic products, in transportation equipment manufacturing, and in machinery manufacturing. • Among the 88 three-digit NAICS-coded industry groups in the private nonfarm economy identified in the MLS program, 57 posted decreases in the number of separated workers during 2004. Administrative and support services had the largest decrease (-33,434 workers), followed by computer and electronic product manufacturing (-27,391) and air transportation (-25,216). Twenty-seven industries registered increases, led by food and beverage stores (+32,754) and accommodation (+9,306). • After slack work, the next largest declines in layoffs by reason were in bankruptcy (-39,470), reorganization within the company (-25,673), and financial difficulty (-24,970). Layoffs due to the completion of contracts had the largest increase in worker separations, +21,387, followed by those due to a labor dispute (+13,569). (See tables 7 and 8.) • Among these three-digit NAICS industries, food and beverage stores became 1 of the top 10 in terms of worker separations. This industry replaced computer and electronic product manufacturing on that list. (See table 5.) • California and Illinois accounted for the largest numbers of separations due to the ending of seasonal work and reorganizations. Florida accounted for the highest number of separations in layoffs due to the completion of contracts, followed by California and Illinois. Pennsylvania registered the largest number of separations due to slack work. (See table 9.) • Among six-digit NAICS industries, hotels and motels, except casino hotels; skiing facilities; and department stores, except discount, moved into the top 10 in terms of separa2 Movement of work • In 2004, 366 extended mass layoff events involved the movement of work. This was about 11 percent of all nonseasonal and non-vacation-period layoff events and resulted in the separation of 73,217 workers. (See table 10.) • Of the 382 relocations of work with separations reported, domestic relocations of work accounted for 71 percent of the actions and resulted in the separation of 36,246 workers. About 84 percent of the domestic actions and associated separations were the result of moving work within the same company. Employers cited California more than any other State as the location to which work was moving. (See table 15.) • Among the 366 layoff events with reported relocation of work, 63 percent involved the permanent closure of worksites, affecting 50,348 workers. In sharp contrast, only 18 percent of nonseasonal and non-vacation-period layoffs in which there was no movement of work resulted in a closure. • Of the 382 relocations of work with separations reported, out-of-country relocations accounted for 27 percent of the movement-of-work actions and resulted in 16,197 laidoff workers. Seventy-four percent of the actions and 80 percent of associated movement-of-work separations were due to within-company relocations. Mexico and China were cited 52 percent of the time as the destination to which work was moving. (See table 15.) • Manufacturing industries accounted for about twothirds of the events and separations in which work moved, largely in computer and electronic products and in transportation equipment. In contrast, manufacturing accounted for only 32 percent of events and 26 percent of separations in nonseasonal and non-vacation-period layoffs with no movement of work. (See table 10.) Size of layoff • Layoff events in 2004 continued to be concentrated at the lower end of the layoff-size spectrum, with 60 percent involving fewer than 150 workers. This figure has remained fairly consistent since 1996, ranging from 59 to 62 percent annually. These layoff events, however, accounted for only 27 percent of all separations, about the same as in 2003 (28 percent). The 296 layoff events involving 500 or more workers accounted for 31 percent of all separations. (See table 16.) • Sixty-eight percent of events and separations associated with the movement of work were due to internal company restructuring (mostly reorganization within company). In contrast, just over a quarter of events and separations were due to internal company restructuring in nonseasonal and non-vacation-period layoffs with no movement of work. (See table 11.) • The average number of separations per layoff event in • The Midwest led all regions in terms of layoff events (120) and separations (24,848) in which there was some movement of work, followed closely by the South (110 events and 23,327 separations). (See table 12.) 2004 was 198, about the same as 2003 (197). Among private sector establishments, retail trade reported the largest average layoff size per layoff event, 418, followed by real estate and rental and leasing (299 workers) and by arts, entertainment, and recreation (273 workers). Establishments with the smallest average layoff size were those in educational services (89 workers) and in construction (137 workers). (See table 17.) • Benefit exhaustion rates were higher for claimants in layoffs involving the movement of work than in layoffs in which the employer indicated that work did not move. In movement-of-work events, the older the claimant, the more likely he or she was to exhaust benefits. In events in which work did not move, benefit exhaustion rates were similar for claimants of all ages, with the exception of those in the oldest age category (55 years of age or older). (See table 13.) • When the reason given for the layoff event was secondary effects of labor disputes, an average of 966 workers were impacted per event, the highest annual average for any reason in 2004. This was followed by layoffs due to environmental issues (459 workers per event) and model changeover (269 workers). Layoffs due to a shortage of materials and unusual weather averaged the fewest separations per layoff event (77 and 123 workers, respectively). (See table 17.) • In the 366 layoff events involving movement of work, 480 relocations of work were identified. (Movement of work can involve more than one relocation.) Of these relocations, employers were able to provide information on the separations associated with the movement-of-work component of the layoff in 382 actions, or 80 percent of the total actions for 2004. Thus, a range of 55,122 (separations in movement-ofwork actions for which the employer was able to provide specific detail) to 73,217 (total separations in all layoff events that included movement of work) is established for separations due to the movement of work in 2004. (See table 14.) • Employers reporting the worksite as permanently closed averaged 214 separations per layoff event, the smallest on record. (See table 17.) Initial claimants • There were 902,365 initial claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events in 3 2004. Of these, 44 percent were women, 15 percent were black, 15 percent were Hispanic, and 17 percent were 55 years of age or older. Thirty-seven percent of claimants were between the ages of 30 and 44. (See tables 18 and 20.) Of the total civilian labor force in 2004, 46 percent were women, 11 percent were black, 13 percent were Hispanic, and 16 percent were 55 years of age or older. Thirty-six percent of the civilian labor force was between the ages of 30 and 44. cent), followed by Wyoming (33 percent), Oklahoma (28 percent), and North Dakota (27 percent). States registering the lowest percentages of exhaustees were Mississippi (less than 1 percent), Alaska (1 percent), and Nebraska (1 percent). (See table 21.) • The longest average jobless duration (based on the average number of continued claims) was experienced by claimants laid off from finance and insurance, followed by information. Claimants laid off from transportation and warehousing had the shortest spells of jobless duration, followed by accommodation and food services. (See table 22.) • The percentage of claimants who were white declined slightly to 59 percent, an MLS program low. Over the 19962000 period, the percentage of white claimants ranged from 62 to 65 percent whereas, during the period 2001-2004, the range has declined to between 59 and 60 percent. Persons of Hispanic origin accounted for 15 percent of the claimants involved in extended mass layoff events. The percentage of Hispanic claimants was highest in wholesale trade (27 percent), followed by administrative and waste services (23 percent) and by health care and social assistance (23 percent). (See table 19.) • Benefit exhaustion rates were highest among workers in finance and insurance and in professional and technical services, while workers laid off in mining, in transportation and warehousing, and in construction had the lowest rates. (See table 22.) • Claimants laid off due to import competition, bankruptcy, financial difficulty, and the discontinuation of a product line had the longest jobless duration. The shortest duration occurred in layoffs due to environmental concerns and to plant or machine repair. (See table 22.) • Black claimants accounted for 15 percent of all laid-off workers, about the same as in 2003 (14 percent). Establishments providing other services, except public administration, reported the highest percentage of black claimants (26 percent), followed by health care and social assistance (24 percent) and by educational services (24 percent). With respect to the reason for layoff, high percentages of black claimants were associated with layoffs due to contract cancellation and automation. (See table 19.) • Benefit exhaustion rates were high for claimants involved in worksite closures. Claimants in layoffs from which employers did not expect a recall had higher benefit exhaustion rates than did workers in events from which a recall was expected. (See table 22.) • Seventeen percent of all claimants were aged 55 or older in 2004, up slightly from 16 percent in 2003. The representation of these older claimants was highest in professional and technical services and in transportation and warehousing. Claimants between the ages of 30 and 44 accounted for 37 percent of all claimants from extended mass layoffs. The proportion of such claimants in this age group was highest among construction, information, management of companies and enterprises, and health care and social assistance establishments. (See table 20.) • Among the 50 largest metropolitan areas in terms of the level of initial claims in extended mass layoff events, claimants laid off from establishments in Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL, led the list of those with the longest jobless duration, followed by San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA, Kansas City, MO-KS, and Columbus, OH. Claimants in Louisville, KY-IN, Erie, PA, and Lancaster, PA had the shortest duration of unemployment. Benefit exhaustion rates were highest in Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL, and Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA. (See table 23.) Duration of insured unemployment • North Carolina had the longest duration of insured unemployment associated with extended mass layoff events (as measured by the average number of continued claims for unemployment insurance following the initial claim), followed by the District of Columbia and West Virginia. Claimants experiencing the shortest jobless duration (as measured by the average number of continued claims) were separated from employers located in Kentucky, Nebraska, and Alabama. (See table 21.) • Black claimants had higher benefit exhaustion rates than did other race and ethnic groups, followed by claimants of Hispanic origin. Claimants aged 55 years or older were more likely to exhaust benefits than were the other age groups. Women had higher exhaustion rates than men did. (See table 24.) Geographic distribution • In 2004, employers in the Midwest reported the highest number of separations, largely due to layoffs in administrative and support services and in construction. In the previous 2 years, the West had the highest number of laid- • North Carolina reported the largest proportion of claimants exhausting unemployment insurance benefits (36 per4 off workers. (See table 25.) The Northeast continued to have the lowest numbers of events and separations. Excluding the impact of seasonal layoffs, the West (182,802) and Midwest (180,402) had the highest levels of separated workers in extended mass layoff events. California had the highest relative concentration index, followed by Illinois and Florida. (See chart 2.) Recall expectations • In 2004, employers expected a recall in more than onehalf of all extended mass layoff events, the highest percentage since 2000. Industries in which the expectation of recall was highest following a layoff included arts, entertainment, and recreation (83 percent), mining (78 percent), and construction (77 percent). Layoffs in the finance and insurance (5 percent) and information (12 percent) sectors had the lowest percentage of recall expectation. Excluding seasonal and vacation-period layoffs (in which a recall was expected 95 percent of the time), a recall was expected in 27 percent of events, up from a series low of 23 percent in 2003. (See tables 28 and 29.) • In 2004, decreases in the number of separations occurred in all four regions, with the West reporting the largest decrease (-86,728), mostly due to fewer layoffs in administrative and support services and in motion pictures and sound recording industries. All nine geographic divisions reported a decrease in separations from 2003, led by the Pacific (-80,153), South Atlantic (-38,969), and East North Central (-30,306) divisions. (See table 25.) • California had the largest number of worker separations, 206,787, largely from food and beverage stores. The States with the next-highest totals of separations (including seasonal layoffs) were Illinois (107,090), Florida (85,432), and New York (75,487). Even when the substantial impact of seasonal layoffs is excluded, California still had the highest separations total for 2004 (150,323 workers). (See table 26.) • Of those establishments expecting a recall, 47 percent indicated that all workers would eventually be recalled, and 90 percent expected to recall at least half of the workers. (See table 28.) • Employers citing financial difficulty, business ownership change, and reorganization within company as the reason for the layoff had the lowest percentages of recall expectation. Layoffs due to a natural disaster, nonnatural disaster, vacation period, and inclement weather registered the highest recall expectations. (See table 29.) • Ten States reached their lowest annual totals of laidoff workers since annual data became available in 1996, while Nebraska, Wyoming, and South Dakota reached new highs. Thirty-two States and the District of Columbia had overthe-year declines in the number of laid-off workers, led by California (-58,389), Massachusetts (-24,639), Washington (-23,340), and North Carolina (-21,376). Of the 18 States reporting an over-the-year increase, Ohio (+5,563), Pennsylvania (+2,647), Oregon (+2,470), and Louisiana (+2,429) experienced the sharpest gains. (See table 26.) • Manufacturing industries accounted for 34 percent of all events and 27 percent of the separations from which the employer did not expect a recall. Layoffs without an expectation of recall occurred mainly in food manufacturing, transportation equipment, and computer and electronic products. Retail trade accounted for an additional 24 percent of the laid-off workers from which no recall was expected, mostly in food and beverage stores. (See table 30.) • Fifty-six percent of events and 47 percent of separations occurred in metropolitan areas, about the same as in 2003, when 54 percent of events and 48 percent of separations occurred in such areas. Among the 367 metropolitan areas, New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island reported the highest number of separations (51,118), largely from transit and ground passenger transportation and from motion pictures and sound recording industries. PhiladelphiaCamden-Wilmington, Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, Buffalo-Niagara Falls, and San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont entered the top 10 metropolitan areas in terms of laid-off workers, replacing Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, HoustonBaytown-Sugar Land, San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, and Modesto. (See table 27.) • Internal company restructuring was the reason cited most frequently for layoffs from which no recall was expected, accounting for 49 percent of such layoff events and 45 percent of separations. Layoffs due to contract completion accounted for an additional 21 percent of layoffs events with no expectation of recall and 23 percent of separations. (See table 30.) Permanent worksite closures • Employers reported that 15 percent of all extended mass layoff events resulted in a permanent closure of the worksite, affecting 159,856 workers. The number of workers involved in closures has declined by -217,504 workers (58 percent) since reaching a peak in 2001. (See table 31.) • Wyoming had the highest concentration of layoffs relative to employment among the States, followed by Alaska, Illinois, Maine, California, Wisconsin, and Oregon. (See chart 1.) The lowest concentrations of mass layoff activity were found in the District of Columbia, Maryland, Oklahoma, and Alabama. Excluding the substantial impact of seasonal work, • Separations in permanent closures in 2004 were due mainly to internal company restructuring. (See table 31.) 5 • In 2004, manufacturing accounted for 48 percent of • California registered the highest number of separations events and 44 percent of separations resulting in a worksite closure. These events occurred mostly in food manufacturing, transportation equipment, and computer and electronic products. Retail trade accounted for 13 percent of the layoff events and 16 percent of separations resulting from closures during the year, largely in food and beverage stores. (See table 32.) Four major industry sectors (arts, entertainment, and recreation; educational services; retail trade; and utilities) reached series lows in terms of closure-related separated workers in 2004. in permanent closure-related events (29,068), followed by Illinois (13,853), and Florida (12,358). North Carolina and California reported the largest decreases in separations due to closures, -13,308 and -11,182, respectively. Pennsylvania (+3,832) had the largest increase in laid-off workers due to closures. (See table 34.) • Among the 367 metropolitan areas, Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana reported the highest number of separations (10,395) in permanent-closure-related events, followed by New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island (8,079) and Chicago-Naperville-Joliet (7,770). Las Vegas-Paradise, Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, and Rockford (IL) entered the top 10 metropolitan areas this year in terms of workers laid off in permanent closures, replacing Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, and Stockton (CA). (See table 35.) • In 2004, credit intermediation and related activities, telecommunications, furniture and related product manufacturing, and food services and drinking places establishments moved into the top 10 three-digit NAICS industries in terms of the number of laid-off workers in permanent closures. These industries replaced general merchandise stores, textile mills, machinery manufacturing, and primary metal manufacturing. (See table 33.) 6 Chart 1. Index of mass-layoff separations, 2004 Mountain West North Central East North Central New England WA ME VT ND MT OR Middle Atlantic MN WI SD ID NH MA RI NY MI CT WY IA NE IL UT CA CO KS IN OH MD MO VA TN NM DE WV KY AZ NJ PA NV DC NC OK AR SC MS Pacific AL South Atlantic GA LA TX FL West South Central AK HI East South Central Index 160.0 or above 120.0 - 159.9 Note: The index is calculated as the share of private nonfarm separations divided by the share of private sector employment in establishments employing at least 50 workers. 80.0 - 119.9 40.0 - 79.9 39.9 or below 7 Chart 2. Index of mass-layoff separations (excluding seasonal work and vacation period), 2004 Mountain West North Central East North Central New England WA ME VT ND MT OR Middle Atlantic MN WI SD ID NH MA RI NY MI CT WY IA NE IL UT CA CO KS IN OH MD MO VA TN NM DE WV KY AZ NJ PA NV DC NC OK AR SC MS Pacific AL South Atlantic GA LA TX FL West South Central AK HI East South Central Index 160.0 or above 120.0 - 159.9 Note: The index is calculated as the share of private nonfarm separations divided by the share of private sector employment in establishments employing at least 50 workers. 80.0 - 119.9 40.0 - 79.9 39.9 or below 8 Table 1. Numbers of extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, 1996–2004 Year/quarter 1 Events Separations 1996 First quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,263 Second quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,130 Third quarter…………………………………………………….. 847 Fourth quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,520 Total…………………………………………………………. 4,760 1997 First quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,141 Second quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,303 Third quarter…………………………………………………….. 851 Fourth quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,376 Total…………………………………………………………. 4,671 1998 First quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,115 Second quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,333 Third quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,028 Fourth quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,383 Total…………………………………………………………. 4,859 1999 First quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,262 Second quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,194 Third quarter…………………………………………………….. 898 Fourth quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,202 Total…………………………………………………………. 4,556 2000 First quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,081 Second quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,055 Third quarter…………………………………………………….. 817 Fourth quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,638 Total…………………………………………………………. 4,591 2001 First quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,546 Second quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,828 Third quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,629 Fourth quarter…………………………………………………….. 2,372 Total…………………………………………………………. 7,375 2002 First quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,611 Second quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,624 Third quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,186 Fourth quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,916 Total…………………………………………………………. 6,337 2003 First quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,502 Second quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,799 Third quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,190 Fourth quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,690 Total…………………………………………………………. 6,181 2004 First quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,339 Second quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,358 Third quarter…………………………………………………….. 886 Fourth quarter…………………………………………………….. 1,427 Total…………………………………………………………. 5,010 1 1 1 246,820 209,688 181,569 310,045 202,444 162,178 153,378 287,810 948,122 805,810 226,735 280,255 172,392 268,461 196,722 246,916 172,211 263,982 947,843 879,831 178,251 336,536 201,186 275,272 206,366 361,822 219,763 268,511 991,245 1,056,462 230,711 246,251 184,429 240,060 213,535 205,043 156,123 222,216 901,451 796,917 202,500 205,861 174,628 332,973 180,205 186,759 158,394 320,909 915,962 846,267 304,171 430,499 330,391 459,771 306,535 358,611 336,298 456,068 1,524,832 1,457,512 299,266 344,606 255,152 373,307 292,998 299,598 254,955 370,592 1,272,331 1,218,143 286,947 368,273 236,333 325,333 297,608 348,966 227,909 326,328 1,216,886 1,200,811 276,503 278,568 164,477 273,963 238,392 253,787 148,180 262,006 993,511 902,365 Data on layoffs were reported by employers in all States and the District of Columbia. 9 Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Table 2. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, 2002-04 Layoff events Industry 2002 2003 Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations 2004 2002 2003 2004 1 Total, private nonfarm ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6,337 6,181 5,010 1,272,331 1,216,886 993,511 Mining.................................................................................................. 78 51 Utilities................................................................................................... 19 22 Construction..................................................................................... 848 943 Manufacturing.................................................................................. 2,378 2,103 Food................................................................................................. 316 347 Beverage and tobacco products.............................................. 22 32 Textile mills................................................................................... 75 74 Textile product mills................................................................................... 21 26 Apparel........................................................................................... 146 107 Leather and allied products...................................................... 20 11 Wood products............................................................................. 81 87 Paper................................................................................................ 65 47 Printing and related support activities.................................55 48 Petroleum and coal products..................................................... 24 20 2002 2003 2004 1,218,143 1,200,811 902,365 40 13 870 1,467 310 21 40 26 69 11 38 43 41 21 11,632 3,390 118,547 454,034 79,217 4,296 13,151 4,932 27,792 1,796 10,695 10,103 9,233 3,795 8,065 2,977 132,076 384,329 78,224 5,121 16,639 4,226 16,959 1,470 10,712 7,031 5,661 3,142 6,123 2,964 118,955 254,427 64,050 4,505 6,140 4,546 11,583 1,873 4,587 5,750 5,764 2,781 10,963 2,722 135,335 469,774 61,025 3,104 17,554 5,886 26,944 2,056 13,653 8,689 7,458 3,815 8,702 2,973 148,416 407,046 67,263 5,161 17,461 4,200 16,161 1,243 13,675 6,767 6,343 3,156 5,422 2,585 135,506 261,514 60,547 3,077 7,416 5,015 9,130 1,921 5,659 5,579 5,440 3,121 48 78 70 49 94 63 95 49 189 73 39 9,798 9,349 14,078 22,611 17,903 30,783 81,410 20,908 59,601 12,277 10,306 9,599 8,576 15,874 22,812 16,882 24,523 42,370 13,028 58,728 13,047 9,705 6,566 10,336 11,269 8,217 13,549 9,195 14,979 11,395 40,634 10,761 5,947 7,392 8,521 13,016 28,851 18,163 32,467 84,502 30,119 73,074 14,153 9,332 8,022 9,863 17,319 23,339 17,514 26,728 44,395 13,330 78,611 17,623 8,872 6,041 9,778 11,592 8,046 13,240 9,959 16,370 14,950 48,247 11,187 5,199 94 344 278 170 158 13 151 21 545 16 284 138 314 88 24,205 135,679 82,065 58,661 38,692 2,944 57,907 4,959 134,536 2,162 30,148 46,117 50,362 14,500 30,639 127,235 87,918 66,179 40,049 3,645 40,252 3,896 147,920 4,915 32,518 37,643 53,215 12,286 15,908 143,660 59,098 36,593 34,026 3,889 33,199 3,688 113,288 1,429 44,212 37,687 68,711 14,906 19,476 108,419 74,959 62,105 36,970 2,793 45,670 5,145 143,137 2,251 25,812 15,026 44,099 11,942 24,103 134,581 89,305 65,538 38,651 2,915 34,975 4,106 128,101 4,334 28,124 18,289 48,313 11,347 12,241 90,402 57,789 37,968 31,914 3,405 30,605 3,449 104,951 1,589 33,528 16,916 60,831 11,221 Unclassified .............................................................................................................. 11 7 6 1,791 1,129 748 1,545 992 529 Clothing manufacturing and distribution …………………………………………………………………………………. 406 359 232 116,890 95,992 Food processing and distribution………………………………………………………………………………………… 573 666 638 140,901 164,239 59,683 180,189 105,951 111,133 95,752 156,568 54,072 133,817 Chemicals........................................................................................ 59 49 Plastics and rubber products................................................66 72 Nonmetallic mineral products................................................ 89 105 Primary metal.............................................................................. 126 117 Fabricated metal products...................................................... 131 124 Machinery.................................................................................... 170 …. 130 Computer and electronic products......................................410 253 Electrical equipment and appliance......................................... 104 73 Transportation equipment....................................................... 262 232 Furniture and related products.............................................. 76 85 Miscellaneous manufacturing.................................................... 60 64 Wholesale trade............................................................................... 150 Retail trade........................................................................................ 412 Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 338 Information......................................................................................... 299 Finance and insurance.................................................................. 200 Real estate and rental and leasing................................................... 17 Professional and technical services...................................... 259 Management of companies and enterprises...................... 20 Administrative and waste services.......................................... 608 Educational services..................................................................... 19 Health care and social assistance........................................... 222 Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................................... 124 Accommodation and food services...................................... 244 Other services, except public administration....................... 91 Selected industry groupings 1 2 169 413 352 256 208 22 208 20 665 27 238 137 247 93 2 See footnote 1, table 1. See the Technical Note for descriptions of these industry groupings. 10 Table 3. Over-the-year change in extended mass layoffs separations by industry, private nonfarm sector, 2002-03 and 2003-04 2002-2003 2003-2004 Industry Level change Percent change Level change Percent change Total, private nonfarm1 ............................................... -55,445 -4.4 -223,375 -18.4 Mining....................................................................... Utilities...................................................................... Construction............................................................. Manufacturing.......................................................... Food..................................................................... Beverage and tobacco products.......................... Textile mills.......................................................... Textile product mills............................................. Apparel................................................................. Leather and allied products.................................. Wood products..................................................... Paper.................................................................... Printing and related support activities.................. Petroleum and coal products............................... Chemicals............................................................ -3,567 -413 13,529 -69,705 -993 825 3,488 -706 -10,833 -326 17 -3,072 -3,572 -653 -199 -30.7 -12.2 11.4 -15.4 -1.3 19.2 26.5 -14.3 -39.0 -18.2 .2 -30.4 -38.7 -17.2 -2.0 -1,942 -13 -13,121 -129,902 -14,174 -616 -10,499 320 -5,376 403 -6,125 -1,281 103 -361 -3,033 -24.1 -.4 -9.9 -33.8 -18.1 -12.0 -63.1 7.6 -31.7 27.4 -57.2 -18.2 1.8 -11.5 -31.6 Plastics and rubber products................................ Nonmetallic mineral products............................... Primary metal....................................................... Fabricated metal products.................................... Machinery............................................................. Computer and electronic products....................... Electrical equipment and appliance..................... Transportation equipment.................................... Furniture and related products............................. Miscellaneous manufacturing............................... -773 1,796 201 -1,021 -6,260 -39,040 -7,880 -873 770 -601 -8.3 12.8 .9 -5.7 -20.3 -48.0 -37.7 -1.5 6.3 -5.8 1,760 -4,605 -14,595 -3,333 -15,328 -27,391 -1,633 -18,094 -2,286 -3,758 20.5 -29.0 -64.0 -19.7 -62.5 -64.6 -12.5 -30.8 -17.5 -38.7 Wholesale trade....................................................... Retail trade............................................................... Transportation and warehousing.............................. Information............................................................... Finance and insurance............................................. Real estate and rental and leasing........................... Professional and technical services......................... Management of companies and enterprises............ Administrative and waste services........................... Educational services................................................ Health care and social assistance............................ Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... Accommodation and food services.......................... Other services, except public administration............ 6,434 -8,444 5,853 7,518 1,357 701 -17,655 -1,063 13,384 2,753 2,370 -8,474 2,853 -2,214 26.6 -6.2 7.1 12.8 3.5 23.8 -30.5 -21.4 9.9 127.3 7.9 -18.4 5.7 -15.3 -14,731 16,425 -28,820 -29,586 -6,023 244 -7,053 -208 -34,632 -3,486 11,694 44 15,496 2,620 -48.1 12.9 -32.8 -44.7 -15.0 6.7 -17.5 -5.3 -23.4 -70.9 36.0 .1 29.1 21.3 Unclassified ............................................................. -662 -37.0 -381 -33.7 -20,898 23,338 -17.9 16.6 -36,309 15,950 -37.8 9.7 2 Selected industry groupings Clothing manufacturing and distribution ……………… Food processing and distribution……………………… 1 2 See footnote 1, table 1. See the Technical Note for descriptions of these industry groupings. 11 Table 4. Information technology-producing industries: Extended mass layoff events and separations, private nonfarm sector, 1997-2004 Year Total extended mass layoffs Information technology-producing industries Computer Layoff events Separations Layoff events computer services Layoff events Separations Communications 3 Separations 4 equipment Layoff events Separations Communications services Layoff events 5 Separations 1996 .............................................................................................................................................................. 4,760 948,122 100 17,884 20 10,724 1997 .............................................................................................................................................................. 4,671 947,843 64 11,934 25 3,206 32 23 5,323 2,515 33 18 6,612 3,237 1998 .............................................................................................................................................................. 4,859 991,245 166 36,069 23 4,056 33 6,971 25 4,150 1999 .............................................................................................................................................................. 4,556 901,451 103 22,557 29 5,194 2000 .............................................................................................................................................................. 4,591 915,962 66 18,805 70 16,774 27 25 4,344 4,618 18 24 3,930 4,048 2001 .............................................................................................................................................................. 7,375 1,524,832 503 102,587 242 36,016 2002 .............................................................................................................................................................. 6,337 1,272,331 303 59,653 162 22,382 140 112 34,874 23,236 136 176 30,084 32,134 2003 .............................................................................................................................................................. 6,181 1,216,886 196 32,689 100 16,230 62 10,408 113 21,721 2004 .............................................................................................................................................................. 5,010 993,511 76 11,524 62 9,732 16 1,887 81 17,266 1 Information technology-producing industries are defined in Digital Economy 2003 (U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, 2003). 2 The industries included in this grouping, based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), are semiconductor machinery manufacturing; office machinery manufacturing; electronic computer manufacturing; computer storage device manufacturing; computer terminal manufacturing; other computer peripheral equipment manufacturing; electron tube manufacturing; bare printed circuit board manufacturing; semiconductors and related device manufacturing; electronic capacitor manufacturing; electronic resistor manufacturing; electronic coils, transformers, and inductors; electronic connector manufacturing; printed circuit assembly manufacturing; other electronic component manufacturing; industrial process variable instruments; electricity and signal testing instruments; analytical laboratory instrument manufacturing; computer and software merchant wholesalers; and computer and software stores. 3 Software and 2 hardware 1 The industries included in this grouping, based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), are software publishers; Internet service providers; Web search portals; data processing and related services; computer and software merchant wholesalers; computer and software stores; custom computer programming services; computer systems design services; computer facilities management services; other computer-related services; office equipment rental and leasing; and computer and office machine repair. 4 The industries included in this grouping, based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), are telephone apparatus manufacturing; audio and video equipment manufacturing; broadcast and wireless communications equipment; fiber optic cable manufacturing; software reproducing; and magnetic and optical recording media manufacturing. 5 The industries included in this grouping, based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), are wired telecommunications carriers; cellular and other wireless carriers; telecommunications resellers; cable and other program distribution; satellite telecommunications; other telecommunications; and communication equipment repair. 12 Table 5. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events and separations, private nonfarm sector, 50 highest three-digit NAICS industries in 2004 Industry NAICS 2003 Events Separations 2004 1 Rank Events Separations Rank 1 2 Total, private nonfarm ...................................................................................................................................................................................... … 6,181 1,216,886 … 5,010 993,511 … Total, 50 highest industries ...................................................................................................................................................................................... … 5,773 1,149,455 … 4,686 943,467 … Administrative and support services..................................................................................................................................................... 561 655 145,435 1 539 112,001 Food manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................... 311 347 78,224 2 310 64,050 Food and beverage stores..................................................................................................................................................... 445 72 31,182 11 70 63,936 Heavy and civil engineering construction..................................................................................................................................................... 237 400 61,467 3 379 50,869 Specialty trade contractors..................................................................................................................................................... 238 362 43,552 6 333 43,575 Food services and drinking places..................................................................................................................................................... 722 157 36,082 9 211 42,272 Transportation equipment manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................... 336 232 58,728 4 189 40,634 General merchandise stores..................................................................................................................................................... 452 142 56,704 5 107 38,408 Transit and ground passenger transportation..................................................................................................................................................... 485 160 34,448 10 165 36,709 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Professional and technical services..................................................................................................................................................... 541 208 40,252 8 151 33,199 Amusements, gambling, and recreation..................................................................................................................................................... 713 67 25,205 15 66 27,346 Accommodation..................................................................................................................................................... 721 90 17,133 22 103 26,439 Credit intermediation and related activities..................................................................................................................................................... 522 105 21,380 19 102 25,541 Social assistance..................................................................................................................................................... 624 153 19,280 20 195 25,254 Construction of buildings..................................................................................................................................................... 236 181 27,057 14 158 24,511 Telecommunications..................................................................................................................................................... 517 113 21,773 18 80 17,189 Nonstore retailers..................................................................................................................................................... 454 55 14,078 27 46 17,040 Computer and electronic product manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................... 334 253 42,370 7 95 14,979 Fabricated metal product manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................... 332 124 16,882 24 94 13,549 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Hospitals..................................................................................................................................................... 622 43 6,713 41 43 13,527 Apparel manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................... 315 107 16,959 23 69 11,583 Electrical equipment and appliance mfg...................................................................................................................................................... 335 73 13,028 30 49 11,395 Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................... 327 105 15,874 26 70 11,269 Furniture and related product manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................... 337 85 13,047 29 73 10,761 Motion picture and sound recording industries..................................................................................................................................................... 512 45 28,107 13 38 10,691 Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods..................................................................................................................................................... 424 92 18,614 21 56 10,430 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................... 326 72 8,576 37 78 10,336 Performing arts and spectator sports..................................................................................................................................................... 711 69 12,328 31 69 9,977 Machinery manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................... 333 130 24,523 16 63 9,195 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Primary metal manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................... 331 117 22,812 17 49 8,217 Membership associations and organizations..................................................................................................................................................... 813 50 6,091 42 49 7,397 Truck transportation..................................................................................................................................................... 484 48 9,284 36 33 7,394 Clothing and clothing accessories stores..................................................................................................................................................... 448 42 7,096 38 27 6,937 Chemical manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................... 325 49 9,599 35 48 6,566 Textile mills..................................................................................................................................................... 313 74 16,639 25 40 6,140 Couriers and messengers………………………………………………………... 492 17 4,643 49 22 6,010 Miscellaneous manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................... 339 64 9,705 34 39 5,947 Printing and related support activities..................................................................................................................................................... 323 48 5,661 44 41 5,764 Paper manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................... 322 47 7,031 39 43 5,750 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 Mining, except oil and gas..................................................................................................................................................... 212 40 6,998 40 36 5,596 Insurance carriers and related activities………………………………………………………… 524 77 13,349 28 41 5,556 Air transportation………………………………………………………… 481 85 30,466 12 27 5,250 Repair and maintenance………………………………………………………… 811 15 2,644 61 19 4,966 Wood product manufacturing………………………………………………………… 321 87 10,712 32 38 4,587 Textile product mills………………………………………………………… 314 26 4,226 52 26 4,546 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing………….312 32 5,121 46 21 4,505 Merchant wholesalers, durable goods..................................................................................................................................................... 423 66 9,751 33 29 4,385 ISPs, search portals, and data processing..................................................................................................................................................... 518 33 6,001 43 20 3,965 Management of companies and enterprises………………….. 551 20 3,896 56 21 3,688 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores……………………. 451 14 2,424 64 16 3,636 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 1 2 Industries are ranked by the number of separations in 2004. See foonote 1, table 1. 13 Table 6. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff separations, private nonfarm sector, 50 highest six-digit NAICS industries in 2004 Industry 2002 NAICS Separations 2003 Rank 1 Separations 2004 Rank 1 Separations 2 Total, private nonfarm ...................................................................................................................................................................................... … 1,272,331 … 1,216,886 … 993,511 Rank 1 … Total, 50 highest industries ...................................................................................................................................................................................... … 688,788 … 691,637 … 615,928 … Supermarkets and other grocery stores............................................................................................................................................. 445110 17,086 11 29,882 7 Temporary help services 561320 61,469 1 76,074 1 Highway, street, and bridge construction............................................................................................................................................. 237310 43,358 3 47,469 2 Professional employer organizations............................................................................................................................................. 561330 23,624 6 30,160 5 School and employee bus transportation............................................................................................................................................. 485410 27,373 5 30,347 4 Food service contractors............................................................................................................................................. 722310 20,516 10 24,935 10 Hotels and motels, except casino hotels............................................................................................................................................. 721110 12,394 20 15,318 12 Skiing facilities............................................................................................................................................. 713920 21,952 8 12,342 18 Fruit and vegetable canning............................................................................................................................................. 311421 29,386 4 28,988 8 Department stores, except discount............................................................................................................................................. 452111 20,799 9 20,098 11 61,744 50,079 39,861 33,536 33,462 26,305 24,739 21,163 18,511 18,074 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Child day care services............................................................................................................................................. 624410 12,131 22 12,404 17 Mail-order houses............................................................................................................................................. 454113 14,485 15 13,183 14 Discount department stores............................................................................................................................................. 452112 50,001 2 34,239 3 Industrial building construction............................................................................................................................................. 236210 10,672 23 12,921 15 General medical and surgical hospitals............................................................................................................................................. 622110 7,166 35 6,044 34 Wired telecommunications carriers............................................................................................................................................. 517110 22,303 7 13,438 13 Tax preparation services............................................................................................................................................. 541213 12,617 19 9,773 26 Nonresidential electrical contractors............................................................................................................................................. 238212 9,710 26 11,704 21 Commercial banking............................................................................................................................................. 522110 8,874 27 11,212 22 Full-service restaurants............................................................................................................................................. 722110 5,723 43 4,346 45 16,521 16,104 15,247 12,990 12,983 12,201 10,969 10,753 10,583 10,353 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Motion picture and video production............................................................................................................................................. 512110 12,236 21 26,977 9 10,199 Automobile manufacturing............................................................................................................................................. 336111 5,651 46 12,781 16 8,850 Frozen fruit and vegetable manufacturing............................................................................................................................................. 311411 9,952 25 11,792 20 8,813 Telemarketing bureaus............................................................................................................................................. 561422 13,651 16 10,039 25 8,183 Commercial building construction............................................................................................................................................. 236220 7,853 30 10,542 23 8,099 Motor vehicle seating and interior trim mfg.............................................................................................................................................. 336360 2,948 92 4,601 38 6,508 Fresh and frozen seafood processing............................................................................................................................................. 311712 4,341 66 5,518 36 6,489 Nonresidential plumbing and HVAC contractors............................................................................................................................................. 238222 6,458 40 7,822 30 6,364 Landscaping services............................................................................................................................................. 561730 4,701 56 6,451 33 6,346 Couriers............................................................................................................................................. 492110 4,513 60 3,427 65 6,010 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Real estate credit............................................................................................................................................. 522292 1,015 233 1,678 152 5,944 Ready-mix concrete manufacturing............................................................................................................................................. 327320 5,228 49 6,682 32 5,670 All other plastics product manufacturing............................................................................................................................................. 326199 4,573 59 4,733 37 5,086 Other individual and family services............................................................................................................................................. 624190 2,212 129 3,638 62 4,766 Family clothing stores............................................................................................................................................. 448140 2,259 124 4,023 48 4,659 Scheduled passenger air transportation............................................................................................................................................. 481111 15,487 13 30,158 6 4,555 Nonupholstered wood household furniture mfg.............................................................................................................................................. 337122 4,463 62 4,514 40 4,327 Commercial machinery repair and maintenance............................................................................................................................................. 811310 2,566 108 2,172 112 4,034 Poultry processing............................................................................................................................................. 311615 3,438 81 3,826 55 4,033 Fruit and vegetable merchant wholesalers............................................................................................................................................. 424480 5,690 44 5,568 35 3,978 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Household refrigerator and home freezer mfg.............................................................................................................................................. 335222 3,037 90 2,331 103 3,920 Savings institutions............................................................................................................................................. 522120 1,260 201 3,101 77 3,919 Other social advocacy organizations............................................................................................................................................. 813319 3,754 73 3,909 52 3,887 Warehouse clubs and supercenters............................................................................................................................................. 452910 2,555 109 1,933 135 3,754 Amusement and theme parks............................................................................................................................................. 713110 6,794 36 9,471 28 3,719 All other motor vehicle parts manufacturing............................................................................................................................................. 336399 2,928 93 3,839 54 3,616 Nonresidential site preparation contractors............................................................................................................................................. 238912 3,017 91 3,183 71 3,608 Iron and steel mills............................................................................................................................................. 331111 7,785 32 9,531 27 3,504 All other nonresidential trade contractors............................................................................................................................................. 238992 2,822 98 2,370 101 3,491 Broadwoven fabric mills............................................................................................................................................. 313210 6,151 41 10,480 24 3,419 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 1 2 Industries are ranked by the number of separations in 2004. See footnote 1, table 1. 14 Table 7. Reason for layoff: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, 2002-04 Layoff events Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Reason for layoff 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 Total, private nonfarm, all reasons 1 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6,337 6,181 5,010 1,272,331 1,216,886 993,511 1,218,143 1,200,811 2004 902,365 (2) (2) (2 ) (2) Automation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10 1,707 1,605 Bankruptcy ..................................................................................................................................................................... 215 175 90 77,164 59,589 20,119 58,166 Business ownership change ..................................................................................................................................................................... 181 120 128 41,680 32,536 30,376 28,513 Contract cancellation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 180 118 111 34,282 35,096 18,398 27,956 Contract completion ..................................................................................................................................................................... 754 874 772 135,452 148,805 170,192 171,561 3 3 Domestic relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 102 98 19,907 15,805 15,327 ( ) ( ) 2 2 2 2 2 Energy-related…………………………………………………………… – – ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Environment-related……………………………………………. (2 ) (2) (2) (2 ) (2 ) (2) (2) Financial difficulty ..................................................................................................................................................................... 442 314 219 99,964 68,190 43,220 86,819 Import competition ..................................................................................................................................................................... 74 111 51 15,350 23,734 8,064 12,910 Labor dispute ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21 19 31 4,041 16,366 29,935 3,968 Material shortage ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 10 5 1,428 1,211 384 1,329 (2 ) 47,360 19,812 16,441 175,502 15,995 ( ) (2 ) 63,997 20,961 22,123 1,650 (2 ) 14,515 21,350 14,164 157,379 3 ( ) – (2 ) 32,987 7,477 10,616 743 Model changeover ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 12 9 1,415 4,418 2,417 1,228 2 2 2 2 2 Natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 1,510 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Non-natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 1,114 928 (2) (2) (2 ) (2) 3 3 Overseas relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 68 62 17,075 13,205 13,152 ( ) ( ) Plant or machine repair ..................................................................................................................................................................... 24 24 19 3,771 3,319 2,811 3,575 Product line discontinued ..................................................................................................................................................................... 42 34 35 5,181 6,025 7,143 4,553 Reorganization within company ..................................................................................................................................................................... 771 663 552 152,987 131,155 105,482 149,034 Seasonal work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,558 1,630 1,678 330,674 329,010 334,380 259,811 Slack work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,282 949 579 208,440 136,154 76,643 260,256 Vacation period ..................................................................................................................................................................... 80 104 110 14,264 20,053 17,612 11,073 Weather-related ..................................................................................................................................................................... 37 48 62 4,455 7,774 7,626 5,574 Other ..................................................................................................................................................................... 180 152 173 33,640 26,645 37,513 34,198 Not reported ..................................................................................................................................................................... 286 644 375 66,292 133,547 78,816 64,998 3,904 1,684 (2 ) 10,792 3,035 7,400 139,337 282,175 179,970 18,614 8,881 27,055 131,662 ( ) (2 ) 3 ( ) 3,536 6,751 107,492 282,828 110,721 16,159 7,418 27,762 76,544 270,506 176,344 4 Internal company restructuring ……………………………………………………………………………….. 1,609 1,272 989 371,795 291,470 1 322,532 2,229 2 used. For additional information, see the Technical Note. See footnote 1, table 1. 4 2 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 3 199,197 2 Internal company restructuring consists of bankruptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company. Beginning with data for 2004, these reasons for layoff are no longer 15 Table 8. Over-the-year change in separations by reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2002-03 and 2003-04 2002-2003 2003-2004 Reason for layoff Level change Percent change Level change Percent change 1 Total, private nonfarm, all reasons ..................................................................................................................................................................... -55,445 -4.4 -223,375 2 2 2 ( ) ( ) ( ) Automation ..................................................................................................................................................................... Bankruptcy ..................................................................................................................................................................... -17,575 -22.8 -39,470 Business ownership change ..................................................................................................................................................................... -9,144 -21.9 -2,160 Contract cancellation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 814 2.4 -16,698 Contract completion ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13,353 9.9 21,387 3 Domestic relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... -4,102 -20.6 ( ) Energy-related………………………………………………………….................................. (2) (2) (2 ) 2 2 2 Environment-related…………………………………………………………………............. ( ) ( ) ( ) Financial difficulty ..................................................................................................................................................................... -31,774 -31.8 -24,970 Import competition ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8,384 54.6 -15,670 Labor dispute ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12,325 305.0 13,569 Material shortage ..................................................................................................................................................................... -217 -15.2 -827 Model changeover ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3,003 212.2 -2,001 2 2 2 Natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 2 2 Non-natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( ) ( ) ( ) Overseas relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... -3,870 -22.7 (3 ) Plant or machine repair ..................................................................................................................................................................... -452 -12.0 -508 Product line discontinued ..................................................................................................................................................................... 844 16.3 1,118 Reorganization within company ..................................................................................................................................................................... -21,832 -14.3 -25,673 Seasonal work ..................................................................................................................................................................... -1,664 -.5 5,370 Slack work ..................................................................................................................................................................... -72,286 -34.7 -59,511 Vacation period ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5,789 40.6 -2,441 Weather-related ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3,319 74.5 -148 Other ..................................................................................................................................................................... -6,995 -20.8 10,868 Not reported ..................................................................................................................................................................... 67,255 101.5 -54,731 4 Internal company restructuring ……………………………………………………………………………….. -80,325 -21.6 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 3 -92,273 -18.4 2 ( ) -66.2 -6.6 -47.6 14.4 3 ( ) (2 ) 2 ( ) -36.6 -66.0 82.9 -68.3 -45.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) (3 ) -15.3 18.6 -19.6 1.6 -43.7 -12.2 -1.9 40.8 -41.0 -31.7 used. For additional information, see the Technical Note. 4 Internal company restructuring consists of bankruptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company. Beginning with data for 2004, these reasons for layoff are no longer 16 1 Table 9. Number of separations in extended mass layoff events by State and by selected reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2004 Separations State Total Contract completed Seasonal Reorganization within company Slack work Financial difficulty 2 Total, private nonfarm ..................................................................................................................................................................... 993,511 334,380 170,192 105,482 76,643 43,220 Alabama .................................................................................. 3,588 1,076 Alaska .................................................................................. 3,548 3,462 Arizona .................................................................................. 8,515 1,553 Arkansas .................................................................................. 3,205 1,252 California .................................................................................. 206,787 56,464 Colorado .................................................................................. 18,057 14,275 Connecticut .................................................................................. 11,900 4,879 Delaware .................................................................................. 2,035 300 District of Columbia .................................................................................. (3) (3 ) Florida .................................................................................. 85,432 12,509 Georgia .................................................................................. 18,024 885 3 Hawaii .................................................................................. 1,918 ( ) Idaho .................................................................................. 4,237 3,227 (3) – 1,155 – 32,465 – – – – 47,752 817 684 – Illinois .................................................................................. 107,090 43,479 Indiana .................................................................................. 21,311 7,883 Iowa .................................................................................. 8,693 3,779 3 Kansas .................................................................................. 8,683 ( ) Kentucky .................................................................................. 11,018 2,196 Louisiana .................................................................................. 11,093 4,067 Maine .................................................................................. 7,230 4,615 3 Maryland .................................................................................. 1,969 ( ) Massachusetts .................................................................................. 10,007 3,210 Michigan .................................................................................. 45,624 10,117 Minnesota .................................................................................. 20,060 16,113 Mississippi .................................................................................. 2,589 – Missouri .................................................................................. 14,737 7,511 32,055 (3) 3 ( ) 700 2,555 2,519 1,500 – 777 1,457 775 – 3 ( ) Montana .................................................................................. 1,933 1,853 Nebraska .................................................................................. 4,790 1,562 Nevada .................................................................................. 4,163 488 New Hampshire .................................................................................. 2,483 608 New Jersey .................................................................................. 30,968 12,763 3 New Mexico .................................................................................. 1,593 ( ) New York .................................................................................. 75,487 27,383 North Carolina .................................................................................. 10,511 1,729 North Dakota .................................................................................. 1,523 1,391 Ohio .................................................................................. 41,385 16,403 Oklahoma .................................................................................. 2,276 (3 ) Oregon .................................................................................. 17,198 11,243 Pennsylvania .................................................................................. 43,636 8,625 – (3) Rhode Island .................................................................................. 3,689 340 3 South Carolina .................................................................................. 5,305 ( ) 3 South Dakota .................................................................................. 1,276 ( ) Tennessee .................................................................................. 7,620 (3 ) Texas .................................................................................. 21,916 1,014 Utah .................................................................................. 3,885 3,465 Vermont .................................................................................. 1,807 1,464 Virginia .................................................................................. 12,916 4,377 Washington .................................................................................. 15,455 7,528 West Virginia .................................................................................. 3,998 467 Wisconsin .................................................................................. 36,495 21,816 3 Wyoming .................................................................................. 3,450 ( ) ( ) 3 ( ) 1 2 855 ( ) 16,908 624 – 7,025 214 (3) 4,608 1,175 460 19,209 1,186 1,229 – – 7,653 2,560 – – – (3) – 2,702 661 – 3 ( ) 15,582 5,517 ( ) 1,694 241 1,143 3 ( ) 858 1,882 3,484 380 1,468 781 5,904 2,518 1,529 1,563 1,126 3 ( ) 3 ( ) – 437 4,172 1,784 301 1,317 3,308 (3) 1,115 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 470 – – 1,827 3,207 3 ( ) 457 511 – (3) – ( ) – – – 2,805 – 651 610 – 2,632 (3) 605 2,185 3 1,901 (3) – 5,785 3 ( ) 4,315 3,548 – 6,222 415 1,192 3,275 3 954 6,584 – – 3 ( ) 793 602 2,286 – 3,648 3 3 ( ) – 1,455 2,906 3 ( ) – 3 ( ) 1,332 3 ( ) 3,601 – 3 ( ) 3 552 2,727 ( ) 6,469 429 3 ( ) 4,680 373 815 20,255 3 238 3 ( ) 3 ( ) (3) 1,255 – 3 ( ) 1,907 1,548 549 1,322 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) – 3 ( ) 607 3,205 – – – 892 803 439 – 3 ( ) Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 17 894 385 4,794 798 293 637 – Shown are the top five reasons for layoffs in terms of separations See footnote 1, table 1. 933 (3) – 419 3 ( ) 3 ( ) – 10,161 295 643 – – 1,527 640 – – – 3 Puerto Rico .................................................................................. 4,868 – in 2004. 1,166 – Table 10. Movement of work: Nonseasonal and non-vacation-period extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance by major industry, private nonfarm sector, 2004 Layoff events Industry Work moved Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Work not moved or unknown Work moved Work not moved or unknown Work moved 1 Total, private nonfarm ..................................................................................................................................................................... 366 2,856 73,217 568,302 64,485 Mining.................................................................................................. – 2 Utilities................................................................................................... ( ) 2 Construction..................................................................................... ( ) Manufacturing.................................................................................. 246 Food................................................................................................. 19 Beverage and tobacco products..............................................3 Textile mills................................................................................... 9 Textile product mills................................................................................... 7 Apparel........................................................................................... 16 Leather and allied products......................................................3 Wood products............................................................................. 3 Paper................................................................................................ 14 Printing and related support activities................................. 8 Petroleum and coal products..................................................... – Chemicals........................................................................................ 9 Plastics and rubber products................................................ 19 Nonmetallic mineral products................................................ 3 Primary metal.............................................................................. 5 Fabricated metal products......................................................12 Machinery.................................................................................... 13 …. Computer and electronic products...................................... 27 Electrical equipment and appliance.........................................16 Transportation equipment.......................................................27 Furniture and related products.............................................. 21 Miscellaneous manufacturing.................................................... 12 Wholesale trade............................................................................... 15 Retail trade........................................................................................ 24 Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 10 Information......................................................................................... 17 Finance and insurance.................................................................. 20 2 Real estate and rental and leasing................................................... ( ) Professional and technical services...................................... 7 Management of companies and enterprises...................... ( 2 ) Administrative and waste services.......................................... 14 Educational services..................................................................... – Health care and social assistance........................................... 3 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........................................– Accommodation and food services...................................... ( 2 ) Other services, except public administration....................... 3 2 – 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 48,183 4,233 314 1,522 1,129 4,102 444 224 1,889 1,473 – 3,016 2,466 56,924 145,056 20,170 1,954 4,618 3,125 5,642 1,329 2,651 3,581 3,526 480 – 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 43,711 3,900 314 1,894 1,157 2,487 423 400 1,852 1,499 – 2,131 2,141 73,649 158,811 19,460 1,084 5,522 3,547 5,345 1,410 3,033 3,370 3,428 548 37 54 32 43 73 45 67 30 158 47 23 1,248 3,501 467 623 2,097 2,035 6,481 4,224 6,223 3,473 2,481 5,051 6,325 5,073 7,468 10,203 5,808 8,432 6,523 33,767 6,489 2,841 1,033 2,554 406 557 1,454 2,393 6,346 5,915 4,741 2,637 1,749 4,745 6,620 5,025 7,359 10,490 6,124 9,902 8,551 42,775 7,634 2,839 54 207 87 138 137 9 98 15 454 7 100 33 140 36 2,096 5,298 2,090 4,605 3,180 2 ( ) 1,244 2 ( ) 2,832 – 621 – (2 ) 311 8,138 92,573 18,356 29,413 30,746 2,936 17,871 1,648 99,014 727 20,030 5,449 26,128 7,644 1,402 5,771 1,850 4,079 3,378 2 ( ) 661 2 ( ) 1,873 – 304 – (2) 281 7,270 50,717 17,200 31,204 28,246 2,846 19,367 2,379 92,031 850 13,327 5,093 26,459 5,005 See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 18 538,893 13 10 405 910 112 8 31 17 44 7 26 26 27 3 Unclassified .............................................................................................................. – 3 1 Work not moved or unknown – 167 – 167 Table 11. Movement of work: Nonseasonal and non-vacation-period extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance by reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2004 Layoff events Reason for layoff Work moved Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Work not moved or unknown Work moved Work not moved or unknown Work moved 1 Total, private nonfarm ..................................................................................................................................................................... 366 2,856 73,217 568,302 64,485 2 2 2 2 2 Automation ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Bankruptcy ..................................................................................................................................................................... – 90 – 20,119 – Business ownership change ..................................................................................................................................................................... 24 104 3,805 26,571 3,046 Contract cancellation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 102 1,362 17,036 1,014 Contract completion ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 767 621 169,571 357 Environment-related……………………………………………. – – – (2 ) (2 ) Financial difficulty ..................................................................................................................................................................... 25 194 6,517 36,703 4,641 Import competition ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17 34 3,149 4,915 3,019 Labor dispute ..................................................................................................................................................................... – 31 – 29,935 – Material shortage ..................................................................................................................................................................... – 5 – 384 – 2 2 Work not moved or unknown 538,893 2 ( ) 14,515 18,304 13,150 157,022 (2 ) 28,346 4,458 10,616 743 2 ( ) ( ) ( ) Model changeover ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 1,800 1,612 Natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... – 3 – 413 – 355 Non-natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... – 3 – 390 – 280 Plant or machine repair ..................................................................................................................................................................... – 19 – 2,811 – 3,536 Product line discontinued ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10 25 1,766 5,377 1,936 4,815 Reorganization within company ..................................................................................................................................................................... 200 352 39,700 65,782 35,142 72,350 Slack work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17 562 3,476 73,167 4,783 105,938 Weather-related ..................................................................................................................................................................... – 62 – 7,626 – 7,418 Other ..................................................................................................................................................................... 56 117 11,642 25,871 9,525 18,237 Not reported ..................................................................................................................................................................... – 375 – 78,816 – 76,544 Internal company restructuring3 ……………………………………………………………………………….. 249 740 50,022 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. 3 Internal company restructuring consists of bankruptcy, business ownership 149,175 42,829 133,515 change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 19 Table 12. Movement of work: Nonseasonal and non-vacation-period extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance by Census region and division, private nonfarm sector, 2004 Layoff events Separations Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Census region and division Work moved Work not moved or unknown Work moved Work not moved or unknown 1 United States ..................................................................................................................................................................... 366 2,856 73,217 568,302 Work moved Work not moved or unknown 64,485 538,893 9,834 135,672 2,415 7,419 17,635 118,037 16,682 146,295 9,552 3,796 3,334 94,547 12,849 38,899 21,683 155,168 17,145 4,538 136,157 19,011 157,592 16,286 101,758 Mountain ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10 62 2,131 13,056 Pacific ..................................................................................................................................................................... 76 485 12,986 144,536 1,284 15,002 10,719 91,039 Northeast ..................................................................................................................................................................... 50 696 9,925 111,151 New England ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15 115 3,264 16,575 Middle Atlantic ..................................................................................................................................................................... 35 581 6,661 94,576 South ..................................................................................................................................................................... 110 824 23,327 145,918 South Atlantic ..................................................................................................................................................................... 66 544 12,923 104,618 East South Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 27 98 5,015 15,730 West South Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17 182 5,389 25,570 Midwest ..................................................................................................................................................................... 120 789 24,848 153,641 East North Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 105 664 20,084 130,605 West North Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15 125 4,764 23,036 West ..................................................................................................................................................................... 86 547 15,117 1 See footnote 1, table 1. NOTE: The States (and the District of Columbia) that make up the census divisions are: New England–Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic–New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic–Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central–Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central–Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central–Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central–Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain–Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific–Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. 20 Table 13. Movement of work: Nonseasonal and non-vacation-period unemployment insurance benefit exhaustion rates by selected claimant characteristics, private nonfarm sector, 2004 Initial claims for unemployment insurance Characteristic Work moved Work not moved or unknown Final payments for unemployment insurance Work moved Work not moved or unknown Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments Work moved 1 Total, private nonfarm ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 64,485 538,893 18,615 98,608 28.9 Work not moved or unknown 18.3 Age Under 30 years of age ……………………………………… 9,997 105,665 2,412 30-44 ……………………………………………………………………………. 23,478 199,553 6,596 45-54 …………………………………………………………………………………. 18,982 140,264 5,580 55 years of age or older …………………………………………………………… 11,411 84,755 3,895 Not available ……………………………………………………………………………………… 617 8,656 132 18,505 35,864 24,815 18,514 910 24.1 28.1 29.4 34.1 21.4 17.5 18.0 17.7 21.8 10.5 Male………………………………………………………………………………. 33,860 312,532 8,694 49,697 25.7 Female……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 30,556 223,751 9,900 48,637 32.4 Not available ……………………………………………………………………………………… 69 2,610 21 274 30.4 15.9 21.7 10.5 Gender Race/ethnicity White…………………………………………………………………………………………… 36,656 313,878 10,050 Black ………………………………………………………………………………………. 10,654 82,809 3,489 Hispanic origin ……………………………………………………………………… 9,230 77,185 2,790 American Indian or Alaska Native ……………………………………. 257 2,955 87 Asian or Pacific Islander …………………………………………………………………. 2,257 12,777 602 Not available ……………………………………………………………………………………… 5,431 49,289 1,597 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 21 50,154 20,059 16,006 534 2,386 9,469 27.4 32.7 30.2 33.9 26.7 29.4 16.0 24.2 20.7 18.1 18.7 19.2 Table 14. Extended mass layoff events and separations, selected measures, 2004 Action Layoff events Separations Total, private nonfarm1 ……………………………………………………………. 5,010 993,511 2 Total, excluding seasonal and vacation events …………………………………………………………. 3,222 641,519 Total, movement of work3 ……………………………………………….. 366 Movement of work actions……………………………………… 480 With separations reported……………………………………… 382 With separations unknown……………………………………….. 98 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 The questions on movement of work were not 73,217 4 ( ) 55,122 (4) either seasonal work or vacation period. 3 4 asked of employers when the reason for layoff was 22 Movement of work can involve more than one action. Data are not available. Table 15. Movement of work actions by type of separation where number of separations is known by employers, 2004 Action Layoff events 1 2 With separations reported …………………………………..………………….............................. 382 Separations 55,122 By location Out-of-country relocations……………………………..............................103 Within company…………………………………..………………….............................. 76 Different company…………..................………………….............................. 27 16,197 12,905 3,292 Domestic relocations………......................………………….............................. 270 Within company…………………………………….………………….............................. 228 Different company……………………………….………………….............................. 42 36,246 30,769 5,477 Unable to assign place of relocation………………………........................ 9 2,679 By company Within company………………............................………………….............................. 312 Domestic……………………..............................………………….............................. 228 Out of country……………….........................………………….............................. 76 Unable to assign………………………………………….............................. 8 Different company………………………………………..............................70 Domestic………………………………………………….............................. 42 Out of country…………………………………………….............................. 27 Unable to assign………………………………………….............................. 1 45,700 30,769 12,905 2,026 9,422 5,477 3,292 653 1 Only actions for which separations associated with the movement of work were reported are shown. 2 See footnote 1, table 1. 23 Table 16. Distribution of extended mass layoff events and separations by size of layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2003 and 2004 Layoff events Number of workers 2003 Separations Percent 1 Number 2004 2003 Percent 1 Number 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004 Total, private nonfarm2……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6,181 5,010 100.0 100.0 1,216,886 993,511 100.0 100.0 50-99……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2,308 1,901 37.3 37.9 166,198 138,414 13.7 100-149……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1,441 1,125 23.3 22.5 170,688 133,334 14.0 150-199……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 763 619 12.3 12.4 128,643 105,557 10.6 200-299……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 769 677 12.4 13.5 181,196 160,006 14.9 300-499……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 523 392 8.5 7.8 192,080 144,234 15.8 500-999……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 259 219 4.2 4.4 167,577 142,804 13.8 1,000 or more……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 118 77 1.9 1.5 210,504 169,162 17.3 1 2 Due to rounding, sums of individual percentages may not equal 100.0 percent. See footnote 1, table 1. 24 13.9 13.4 10.6 16.1 14.5 14.4 17.0 Table 17. Average number of separations in extended mass layoff events by selected measures, private nonfarm sector, 1997-2004 Average number of separations Measure 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Total, private nonfarm ..................................................................................................................................................................... 203 204 198 200 207 201 197 198 1 Industry Mining …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 158 151 181 126 215 149 158 Utilities …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 333 236 176 140 202 178 135 Construction …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 155 145 148 147 144 140 140 Manufacturing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 188 232 205 200 192 191 183 Wholesale trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 140 153 158 165 161 161 181 Retail trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 305 218 341 320 289 329 308 Transportation and warehousing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 242 235 214 183 297 243 250 Information …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 519 296 285 194 186 196 259 153 228 137 173 169 418 213 215 Finance and insurance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 195 212 197 276 190 193 193 215 Real estate and rental and leasing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 224 160 118 128 230 173 166 299 Professional and technical services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 276 199 208 188 199 224 194 220 Management of companies and enterprises …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 112 148 210 247 209 248 195 176 Administrative and waste services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 175 179 190 213 283 221 222 208 Educational services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 123 99 161 99 110 114 182 89 Health care and social assistance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 143 131 155 189 137 136 137 156 Arts, entertainment, and recreation …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 357 252 260 315 316 372 275 273 Accommodation and food services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 203 194 177 247 217 206 215 219 Other services, except public administration …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 123 139 144 141 138 159 132 169 Unclassified establishments …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 167 92 109 167 206 163 161 125 Reason for layoff 2 ( ) Automation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 239 234 374 127 171 203 Bankruptcy ..................................................................................................................................................................... 266 302 464 355 470 359 341 Business ownership change ..................................................................................................................................................................... 205 239 304 270 267 230 271 Contract cancellation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 195 195 156 159 177 190 297 Contract completion ..................................................................................................................................................................... 247 203 176 189 186 180 170 Domestic relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 200 179 177 164 185 195 161 2 2 Energy-related………………………………………………………………………………………………… – 171 122 249 274 ( ) ( ) 2 2 Environment-related………………………………………………………………………………………… 108 178 261 163 209 ( ) ( ) Financial difficulty ..................................................................................................................................................................... 269 235 248 205 231 226 217 Import competition ..................................................................................................................................................................... 194 205 276 213 213 207 214 Labor dispute ..................................................................................................................................................................... 506 794 559 631 304 192 861 Material shortage ..................................................................................................................................................................... 120 272 183 155 99 159 121 2 ( ) Model changeover ..................................................................................................................................................................... 394 680 266 372 283 368 2 2 2 Natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... 180 168 – 252 ( ) ( ) ( ) 4 4 4 4 4 2 Non-natural disaster ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 139 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 235 ( ) Overseas relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 275 251 167 211 199 251 213 Plant or machine repair ..................................................................................................................................................................... 125 234 121 163 143 157 138 Product line discontinued ..................................................................................................................................................................... 203 157 156 157 248 123 177 Reorganization within company ..................................................................................................................................................................... 164 184 207 247 207 198 198 Seasonal work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 216 183 198 192 207 212 202 Slack work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 142 198 136 157 167 163 143 Vacation period ..................................................................................................................................................................... 152 156 182 159 194 178 193 Weather-related ..................................................................................................................................................................... 139 99 115 95 107 120 162 Other ..................................................................................................................................................................... 190 167 176 167 212 187 175 Not reported ..................................................................................................................................................................... 137 164 159 192 181 232 207 2 ( ) 224 237 166 220 3 ( ) – 2 ( ) 197 158 966 77 269 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 148 204 191 199 132 160 123 217 210 Other selected measures Worksite closures…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 255 229 271 243 304 Recall expected…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 204 207 181 186 185 No recall expected…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 211 208 233 216 230 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 3 Beginning with data for 2004, these reasons for layoff are no longer 4 259 189 213 229 183 201 214 181 222 Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third quarter of 2001, in order to be able to identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the September 11 attacks. Thus, data for 2001 pertain to the third and fourth quarters only. used. For additional information, see the Technical Note. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 25 Table 18. State and selected claimant characteristics: Extended mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, 2003 and 2004 Layoff events State 2003 2004 Total initial claimants for unemployment insurance 2003 2004 Percent of total Hispanic origin Black 2003 2004 2003 Persons aged 55 or older Women 2004 2003 1 Total, private nonfarm ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6,181 5,010 1,200,811 902,365 14.2 14.8 15.0 15.4 42.3 2004 2003 2004 43.7 15.6 16.9 Alabama ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 18 5,577 3,709 38.2 54.9 5.3 4.6 Alaska ..................................................................................................................................................................... 28 28 3,736 3,548 3.4 3.0 16.5 20.3 Arizona ..................................................................................................................................................................... 60 43 8,789 7,059 4.2 6.1 35.2 40.0 Arkansas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 16 15 1,773 1,451 34.3 41.8 2.7 1.2 California ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,077 641 230,119 129,190 9.4 9.6 31.4 36.5 Colorado ..................................................................................................................................................................... 65 48 10,681 6,752 4.9 7.4 23.6 29.0 Connecticut ..................................................................................................................................................................... 49 47 8,170 9,119 12.6 14.9 8.9 10.7 2 2 Delaware ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 2,004 33.1 12.1 7.2 3.8 ( ) ( ) 2 2 District of Columbia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 739 24.2 72.4 14.2 2.5 ( ) ( ) Florida ..................................................................................................................................................................... 500 444 80,926 75,089 20.1 17.1 27.1 32.1 Georgia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 96 83 18,543 16,439 58.9 52.6 3.2 3.1 Hawaii ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19 17 2,173 1,812 1.1 1.9 24.3 22.6 Idaho ..................................................................................................................................................................... 44 28 8,802 4,196 .5 .5 18.7 20.0 42.6 35.3 42.0 50.5 48.7 39.8 54.5 79.8 51.2 46.5 57.8 41.7 44.0 47.0 32.7 54.5 66.6 51.5 38.2 56.0 26.2 69.9 49.8 50.1 29.2 45.1 18.8 15.2 13.9 15.1 12.2 15.1 17.3 17.6 11.6 18.0 13.8 13.8 18.9 13.6 16.6 15.2 13.6 14.5 15.6 18.0 11.6 9.2 18.3 16.8 10.5 19.9 Illinois ..................................................................................................................................................................... 553 461 106,552 88,791 18.1 21.3 13.1 14.4 Indiana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 157 108 37,044 22,617 12.3 9.6 3.4 2.3 Iowa ..................................................................................................................................................................... 55 62 7,743 10,677 1.9 2.1 2.9 3.9 Kansas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 43 40 12,345 5,798 13.3 13.6 4.1 4.4 Kentucky ..................................................................................................................................................................... 63 75 7,958 8,365 6.7 11.5 .4 .3 Louisiana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 68 68 7,003 7,453 53.0 57.5 2.1 2.1 Maine ..................................................................................................................................................................... 40 25 5,557 4,616 1.1 1.1 .4 .2 Maryland ..................................................................................................................................................................... 22 9 2,956 1,547 36.3 29.9 1.0 1.5 Massachusetts ..................................................................................................................................................................... 141 95 23,313 15,282 7.0 9.5 2.8 4.0 Michigan ..................................................................................................................................................................... 244 290 67,593 57,840 16.1 14.2 4.4 5.2 Minnesota ..................................................................................................................................................................... 170 134 23,531 18,838 3.5 4.4 6.5 8.8 Mississippi ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 17 2,824 1,746 76.2 72.0 .5 .4 Missouri ..................................................................................................................................................................... 93 76 18,043 13,152 18.8 17.9 .4 .6 40.1 32.1 35.9 34.9 41.6 47.1 37.3 36.7 46.3 36.6 27.8 58.9 53.4 39.7 38.2 33.4 44.4 42.6 49.2 32.1 44.9 48.1 43.5 26.6 56.3 54.2 14.0 16.2 16.5 19.1 14.7 14.4 16.4 32.8 18.3 13.9 14.7 11.4 23.4 15.0 18.9 14.9 13.7 14.8 14.4 16.2 18.1 17.9 14.3 16.2 16.0 23.9 Montana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 23 13 2,942 1,122 .4 .2 3.4 2.7 Nebraska ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21 26 2,623 3,251 4.8 11.9 7.9 10.7 Nevada ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17 14 2,563 3,655 10.9 14.1 18.9 15.4 New Hampshire ..................................................................................................................................................................... 18 19 1,862 2,490 .9 2.9 5.4 8.4 New Jersey ..................................................................................................................................................................... 213 181 38,747 33,841 18.4 18.9 13.1 10.7 New Mexico ..................................................................................................................................................................... 20 6 2,426 1,149 1.5 2.7 51.6 61.4 New York ..................................................................................................................................................................... 410 416 73,111 75,145 12.2 12.7 8.2 7.5 North Carolina ..................................................................................................................................................................... 141 67 28,646 8,420 41.0 43.0 4.5 4.5 North Dakota ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12 11 1,744 1,533 .9 .3 3.1 2.4 Ohio ..................................................................................................................................................................... 276 288 50,503 41,955 10.0 13.2 1.7 2.0 Oklahoma ..................................................................................................................................................................... 39 20 8,326 2,780 11.0 8.2 3.8 14.7 Oregon ..................................................................................................................................................................... 104 74 18,642 12,739 1.8 1.7 14.4 23.4 Pennsylvania ..................................................................................................................................................................... 316 319 77,841 72,416 7.9 9.0 2.3 2.0 31.6 24.9 42.5 45.5 54.6 49.2 42.2 52.7 23.2 29.3 23.7 41.9 41.3 26.4 31.5 39.4 47.0 53.9 40.8 39.2 51.3 7.4 32.8 36.3 54.2 41.0 14.7 19.4 20.9 19.7 25.4 6.6 15.7 19.2 16.1 13.9 19.5 17.2 20.6 16.3 18.0 24.7 22.9 27.0 14.4 17.3 20.4 17.4 14.2 17.9 20.1 21.0 Rhode Island ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19 26 2,122 3,680 3.6 4.0 21.9 14.7 South Carolina ..................................................................................................................................................................... 34 35 4,310 5,340 55.6 50.2 .3 .4 South Dakota ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 5 376 482 1.3 1.5 1.3 2.5 Tennessee ..................................................................................................................................................................... 60 40 8,002 6,537 22.3 18.9 – – Texas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 230 149 68,500 36,479 16.4 16.5 36.0 41.8 Utah ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14 14 1,872 1,450 1.3 2.2 13.8 10.8 Vermont ..................................................................................................................................................................... 11 13 1,179 1,784 .4 .7 .2 .3 Virginia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 85 65 16,662 11,788 38.5 49.8 2.1 2.8 Washington ..................................................................................................................................................................... 159 87 30,472 14,196 4.4 5.0 16.0 22.4 West Virginia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 20 19 2,584 2,818 .8 .7 – – Wisconsin ..................................................................................................................................................................... 258 218 51,722 39,544 4.9 6.0 7.1 8.4 2 2 2 2 Wyoming ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1.5 1.5 .5 1.7 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 54.9 58.8 67.3 49.5 35.7 42.1 40.5 55.1 36.1 30.6 33.1 31.0 62.2 67.3 44.2 44.6 33.1 46.9 35.7 60.0 38.8 33.1 35.8 50.6 20.8 1.8 15.4 19.1 11.3 11.1 15.4 16.0 18.2 14.7 15.6 33.5 23.2 2.7 16.8 22.1 11.2 10.6 16.3 17.2 15.4 14.3 17.9 28.2 52.7 57.2 9.2 7.5 3 3 3 3 Puerto Rico ..................................................................................................................................................................... 45 40 8,316 9,465 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 3 2 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 26 Data are not available. Table 19. Claimant race and ethnicity: Percent of initial claimants for unemployment insurance, by industry and reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2003 and 2004 Percent of total race/ethnicity White Measure 2003 Black 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004 Asian or Pacific Islander 2004 2.5 2.3 Mining …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 77.4 83.9 3.3 2.7 10.4 4.6 .9 1.1 .9 Utilities …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 76.4 78.9 11.8 11.9 7.7 3.2 .2 .2 1.0 Construction …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 76.0 76.4 5.5 5.5 12.9 11.5 .9 .8 .5 Manufacturing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 63.4 60.8 12.8 12.1 13.4 16.5 .7 .5 3.3 Wholesale trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 53.1 52.7 12.9 9.9 22.3 27.4 .4 .6 2.6 Retail trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 54.0 53.1 15.1 16.5 19.1 18.4 .7 .7 2.2 Transportation and warehousing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 57.4 57.3 18.3 21.1 11.6 10.1 .5 .4 2.4 Information …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 64.2 56.7 12.2 19.5 8.6 8.0 .4 .4 2.6 .4 .6 .5 3.3 1.8 1.9 1.3 2.5 Total, private nonfarm 2003 1 American Indian or Alaska Native 2003 2 2004 Hispanic origin ..................................................................................................................................................................... 59.8 58.6 14.2 14.8 15.0 15.4 .7 .6 Industry Finance and insurance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 51.3 50.0 17.8 18.6 13.2 13.6 .4 .4 4.3 3.8 Real estate and rental and leasing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 35.8 45.8 15.8 18.2 18.4 14.6 10.0 .4 2.3 1.5 Professional and technical services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 64.4 60.6 14.2 14.8 8.7 11.1 .4 .3 3.4 3.0 Management of companies and enterprises …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 57.6 60.6 16.1 12.9 13.8 13.6 .4 .2 5.1 5.2 Administrative and waste services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 45.4 46.8 21.4 19.7 23.0 23.3 .6 .4 2.2 1.8 Educational services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 40.9 50.3 31.8 27.4 10.7 6.9 .5 .2 3.5 1.8 Health care and social assistance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 37.8 41.8 23.3 24.4 27.1 23.2 .9 .6 1.6 1.7 Arts, entertainment, and recreation …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 64.5 65.3 10.4 11.5 10.7 9.2 .4 .6 2.0 1.1 Accommodation and food services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 52.8 51.8 18.5 20.4 15.3 11.7 .5 .6 2.2 3.3 Other services, except public administration …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 48.6 47.8 23.7 26.3 16.6 13.8 1.4 1.2 1.8 3.1 Unclassified establishments …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 44.3 55.8 11.5 19.1 27.9 14.0 .6 .4 .5 .4 Automation ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 48.3 53.4 24.4 21.6 16.3 6.7 .2 .7 Bankruptcy ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 60.0 54.3 14.9 13.9 12.3 13.2 .6 .5 Business ownership change ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 56.9 57.7 13.9 14.4 17.4 13.1 .5 .5 Contract cancellation …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 47.4 45.3 21.6 22.9 18.4 15.8 .7 .7 Contract completion ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 58.4 56.9 14.5 13.9 19.1 19.3 .7 .6 3 3 3 3 Domestic relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 46.6 16.3 18.5 .5 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Energy-related…………………………………………………………………….. 84.5 – .5 – 8.8 – 1.6 – Environment-related………………………………………………………… 67.7 96.7 18.4 1.8 5.1 – 2.2 – Financial difficulty ..................................................................................................................................................................... 56.4 54.6 15.2 18.4 12.9 15.5 .9 .5 Import competition ..................................................................................................................................................................... 64.5 69.7 21.5 14.4 8.1 8.4 .4 .3 Labor dispute ..................................................................................................................................................................... 50.9 47.2 5.7 9.2 29.1 18.8 .5 .4 2.1 2.8 3.1 3.3 1.4 5.1 1.0 5.7 3.0 1.4 2.6 7.0 3.0 3.1 4.6 1.3 Material shortage ..................................................................................................................................................................... 69.8 62.2 11.3 1.9 9.8 29.2 3.5 .8 Model changeover ..................................................................................................................................................................... 59.5 50.5 16.4 5.9 5.4 3.4 1.9 .1 Natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... 92.0 73.8 5.3 2.8 1.5 17.5 .1 – Non-natural disaster …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 79.1 76.1 4.6 17.9 11.2 3.9 .2 – 3 3 3 3 Overseas relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 56.0 16.1 15.7 .4 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Plant or machine repair ..................................................................................................................................................................... 51.2 57.6 15.5 17.4 21.5 16.6 .3 .7 Product line discontinued ..................................................................................................................................................................... 52.9 64.4 15.9 18.6 15.8 11.1 .6 .3 Reorganization within company ..................................................................................................................................................................... 60.9 57.0 17.5 16.7 10.3 13.8 .6 .4 Seasonal work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 61.9 60.4 12.5 13.0 17.0 17.2 .6 .6 Slack work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 70.4 69.1 10.2 13.4 8.5 7.7 .7 .5 Vacation period ..................................................................................................................................................................... 45.6 43.4 18.0 19.1 24.6 25.4 .5 1.0 Weather-related ..................................................................................................................................................................... 76.7 66.4 7.8 8.2 7.2 16.4 1.6 .7 Other ..................................................................................................................................................................... 43.7 47.5 28.5 18.9 14.6 15.5 1.4 .4 Not reported ..................................................................................................................................................................... 52.1 53.5 14.5 18.7 18.4 14.0 .6 .7 .9 1.8 .2 2.4 5.0 2.4 5.3 3.6 1.9 2.9 1.7 1.2 2.6 2.6 Reason for layoff 1 Due to some nonreporting, sums of percentages within race/ethnicity may not equal 100.0 percent. 2 3 NOTE: Dash represents zero. 27 .9 .4 – .4 3 ( ) 1.9 .8 3.5 1.8 2.2 1.5 1.0 4.0 2.7 Beginning with data for 2004, these reasons for layoff are no longer used. For additional information, see the Technical Note. See footnote 1, table 1. 3 ( ) – – 2.3 1.1 6.0 Table 20. Claimant age and gender: Percent of initial claimants for unemployment insurance, by industry and reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2003 and 2004 1 Percent of total by age Measure Less than 30 years 2003 2004 2003 2004 55 or older 2003 2004 Men Women 2004 2003 2004 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19.0 19.0 38.2 36.7 25.8 25.9 15.6 16.9 57.2 56.0 42.3 43.7 Mining …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11.2 13.0 32.6 30.7 38.2 36.8 15.2 19.0 92.7 93.4 Utilities …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12.9 7.1 39.4 36.9 33.9 35.9 13.5 19.8 76.7 76.1 Construction …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18.0 16.9 42.3 41.4 26.1 27.5 12.3 12.7 93.8 94.0 Manufacturing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12.4 12.2 37.7 36.1 31.1 31.3 17.7 19.0 61.3 60.1 Wholesale trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14.4 13.8 39.9 36.2 28.2 29.7 16.4 19.0 57.9 54.2 Retail trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 34.7 36.1 34.0 32.2 19.0 18.5 11.6 12.8 41.1 42.0 Transportation and warehousing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13.3 12.5 41.4 34.7 23.9 24.4 19.6 24.9 46.3 43.8 Information …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17.2 21.6 42.0 41.2 25.1 22.8 14.2 12.3 58.0 50.2 Finance and insurance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 26.2 24.5 39.0 38.5 19.8 20.7 13.7 15.5 34.5 31.0 7.0 23.2 5.9 38.0 42.1 58.8 53.6 41.9 65.4 6.2 23.8 5.4 39.6 45.8 57.8 55.9 49.6 68.5 Real estate and rental and leasing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 27.8 18.7 38.7 37.9 19.1 22.2 11.2 14.3 64.6 71.6 35.2 Professional and technical services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 19.0 18.9 34.6 32.3 22.5 21.7 21.8 25.0 46.8 41.6 52.8 Management of companies and enterprises …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18.5 16.6 39.3 40.6 26.5 28.3 15.0 14.3 34.2 50.3 65.7 Administrative and waste services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 27.5 26.5 38.6 37.9 20.8 21.5 11.9 12.7 55.2 55.2 44.2 Educational services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 20.6 16.3 37.3 35.9 23.7 26.6 16.8 19.3 36.1 29.9 63.5 Health care and social assistance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 19.2 17.9 40.6 40.5 23.1 24.7 14.2 15.0 13.9 13.9 85.9 Arts, entertainment, and recreation …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 25.7 25.1 29.6 28.6 18.6 19.3 21.1 23.3 53.5 53.9 46.3 Accommodation and food services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18.6 18.2 34.5 32.9 24.5 25.8 20.5 21.0 33.5 35.1 66.3 Other services, except public administration …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 20.3 17.6 38.5 39.5 24.4 25.4 14.3 14.8 35.3 36.0 64.5 28.4 58.1 49.2 44.2 70.1 86.0 45.6 64.6 63.9 Unclassified establishments …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13.1 25.9 34.6 33.5 29.8 24.8 15.5 14.2 58.0 2 2003 45-54 1 2003 Total, private nonfarm 2004 30-44 Percent of total by gender Industry 55.4 42.0 44.6 Automation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 11.8 23.5 37.0 32.1 31.4 27.7 19.7 16.5 45.1 Bankruptcy ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17.4 21.3 39.5 34.6 26.5 26.8 16.2 17.2 50.3 Business ownership change ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17.1 15.2 35.3 37.3 27.7 26.4 19.7 19.9 51.9 Contract cancellation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 23.4 23.9 37.9 35.7 23.5 23.4 14.4 16.1 49.4 Contract completion ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21.0 20.3 39.9 38.8 24.5 24.9 13.0 13.9 71.6 Domestic relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 25.1 39.0 22.6 13.0 43.7 (3 ) (3 ) (3 ) (3) Energy-related…………………………………………………………… 5.2 – 29.5 – 35.2 – 30.1 – 94.8 Environment-related……………………………………………………. 20.8 10.2 39.1 19.9 27.6 52.8 12.5 16.8 53.7 Financial difficulty ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19.0 20.0 38.3 34.8 25.6 26.5 15.8 18.3 52.8 Import competition ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13.5 9.0 36.6 33.0 29.2 34.2 19.1 21.4 54.7 Labor dispute ..................................................................................................................................................................... 26.2 16.0 41.2 32.4 24.3 31.9 7.9 19.5 51.7 Material shortage ..................................................................................................................................................................... 20.6 20.9 36.6 44.0 28.9 24.9 13.9 10.1 71.6 34.6 59.2 43.3 48.4 69.7 (3) – 97.2 46.9 60.2 61.6 77.1 54.9 49.6 48.0 50.5 27.9 56.3 5.2 46.2 47.0 45.3 48.2 28.4 65.2 40.7 56.5 51.5 29.6 (3) – 2.3 52.9 39.7 38.2 21.7 Model changeover ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17.3 6.4 31.6 31.4 35.1 42.8 15.6 10.9 69.9 Natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7.7 5.9 26.5 27.0 49.1 31.8 16.3 35.2 78.3 Non-natural disaster ………………………………………………………………………………. 21.8 18.2 39.1 36.1 20.9 32.5 18.2 13.2 65.5 3 3 3 3 Overseas relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10.7 37.1 31.0 20.8 47.1 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Plant or machine repair ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13.0 12.3 39.3 37.5 30.0 32.2 16.9 17.8 58.4 Product line discontinued ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17.8 12.9 31.9 32.1 25.9 31.4 16.7 22.8 49.4 Reorganization within company ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17.9 19.6 37.1 36.6 28.8 27.0 15.7 16.2 52.8 Seasonal work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 18.4 19.0 36.8 35.9 24.4 24.8 18.6 18.8 55.4 Slack work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15.4 16.4 39.2 37.3 28.9 28.8 15.6 16.8 62.4 Vacation period ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15.3 13.2 42.7 38.8 24.3 24.0 16.9 17.1 25.4 Weather-related ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14.3 18.6 33.3 38.4 32.8 25.8 17.6 16.8 68.6 Other ..................................................................................................................................................................... 20.2 20.2 39.7 37.5 21.9 24.5 13.5 15.1 51.2 Not reported ..................................................................................................................................................................... 24.3 22.1 38.9 36.1 22.2 23.3 12.6 14.7 54.3 68.3 42.5 68.9 30.0 21.7 34.5 52.9 40.0 50.0 46.9 44.4 37.2 74.5 6.6 48.5 45.6 22.4 57.5 31.1 Reason for layoff 1 3 Due to some nonreporting, sums of percentages within age and gender may not equal 100.0 percent. 2 NOTE: Dash represents zero. 28 3 ( ) 34.1 47.5 51.7 44.7 40.1 81.8 27.2 46.7 48.6 Beginning with data for 2004, these reasons for layoff are no longer used For additional information, see the Technical Note. See footnote 1, table 1. 3 ( ) 65.6 52.5 47.9 55.1 59.3 18.2 72.2 53.2 51.3 Table 21. Claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events, by State, private nonfarm sector, 2004 Continued claims without earnings State Initial claims for unemployment insurance Number 1 Average number filed per initial claimant Final payments for unemployment insurance Number 2 Total, private nonfarm ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 902,365 1,859,311 2.1 150,480 Alabama……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,709 3,197 .9 Alaska……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,548 3,731 1.1 Arizona……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7,059 14,540 2.1 Arkansas……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1,451 3,880 2.7 California……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 129,190 260,146 2.0 Colorado……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6,752 15,143 2.2 Connecticut……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9,119 24,063 2.6 Delaware……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,004 2,103 1.0 3 3 District of Columbia……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3.5 ( ) ( ) Florida……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 75,089 165,139 2.2 Georgia……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16,439 28,611 1.7 Hawaii……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1,812 1,974 1.1 Idaho……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4,196 5,093 1.2 1 Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments 16.7 130 22 1,320 305 26,108 865 1,842 262 3 ( ) 19,264 3,277 181 502 3.5 .6 18.7 21.0 20.2 12.8 20.2 13.1 19.6 25.7 19.9 10.0 12.0 14,965 3,878 912 1,363 1,708 883 694 253 2,371 9,323 2,262 2 1,401 16.9 17.1 8.5 23.5 20.4 11.8 15.0 16.4 15.5 16.1 12.0 .1 10.7 Montana……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1,122 1,658 1.5 122 Nebraska……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,251 2,351 .7 26 Nevada ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3,655 8,997 2.5 740 New Hampshire ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,490 3,234 1.3 97 New Jersey ..................................................................................................................................................................... 33,841 71,592 2.1 7,591 New Mexico ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,149 3,225 2.8 270 New York……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 75,145 164,849 2.2 10,960 North Carolina……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8,420 30,341 3.6 3,004 North Dakota……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1,533 3,782 2.5 420 Ohio……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 41,955 92,460 2.2 5,216 Oklahoma……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,780 6,697 2.4 772 Oregon……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12,739 19,872 1.6 1,612 Pennsylvania……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 72,416 110,394 1.5 6,674 10.9 .8 20.2 3.9 22.4 23.5 14.6 35.7 27.4 12.4 27.8 12.7 9.2 Rhode Island……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,680 7,063 1.9 South Carolina……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5,340 8,590 1.6 South Dakota……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 482 1,461 3.0 Tennessee……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6,537 19,286 3.0 Texas……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 36,479 80,096 2.2 Utah……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1,450 2,418 1.7 Vermont ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1,784 2,859 1.6 Virginia……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11,788 23,518 2.0 Washington……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14,196 31,933 2.2 West Virginia……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,818 9,548 3.4 Wisconsin……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 39,544 64,388 1.6 3 3 Wyoming……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2.5 ( ) ( ) 119 634 101 1,567 7,479 148 172 2,112 1,844 209 4,295 3 ( ) 3.2 11.9 21.0 24.0 20.5 10.2 9.6 17.9 13.0 7.4 10.9 33.0 Puerto Rico………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9,465 25,733 2.7 1,399 14.8 Illinois……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 88,791 223,546 2.5 Indiana……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 22,617 45,254 2.0 Iowa……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10,677 20,869 2.0 Kansas……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5,798 16,261 2.8 Kentucky……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8,365 2,769 .3 Louisiana……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7,453 15,353 2.1 Maine……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4,616 7,783 1.7 Maryland……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1,547 3,602 2.3 Massachusetts……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 15,282 31,257 2.0 Michigan……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 57,840 121,743 2.1 Minnesota……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18,838 40,682 2.2 Mississippi……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1,746 2,250 1.3 Missouri……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13,152 27,823 2.1 1 Final payment information for MLS claimants is collected weekly. (See the Technical Note for additional information.) The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program tracks continued claim activity for initial claimants associated with extended mass layoffs once a month during the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week, which is usually the week including the 12th day of the month. Continued claims with earnings are excluded because such individuals are classified as employed in the CPS. 2 3 See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 29 Table 22. Claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events, by industry and reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2004 Continued claims without earnings1 Measure Initial claims for unemployment insurance Number Average number filed per initial claimant Final payments for unemployment insurance Number 1 Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments Total, private nonfarm2 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 902,365 1,859,311 2.1 150,480 16.7 Industry Mining …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5,422 10,780 2.0 306 Utilities …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,585 5,304 2.1 268 Construction …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 135,506 251,553 1.9 12,987 Manufacturing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 261,514 532,760 2.0 43,771 Wholesale trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12,241 27,660 2.3 2,453 Retail trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 90,402 180,998 2.0 19,335 Transportation and warehousing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 57,789 91,913 1.6 5,038 Information …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 37,968 100,835 2.7 9,244 5.6 10.4 9.6 16.7 20.0 21.4 8.7 24.3 Finance and insurance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 31,914 103,681 3.2 9,454 29.6 Real estate and rental and leasing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,405 6,476 1.9 464 13.6 Professional and technical services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 30,605 66,879 2.2 8,411 27.5 Management of companies and enterprises …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,449 8,090 2.3 669 19.4 Administrative and waste services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 104,951 222,033 2.1 22,384 21.3 Educational services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1,589 3,487 2.2 326 20.5 Health care and social assistance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33,528 76,903 2.3 4,788 14.3 Arts, entertainment, and recreation …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16,916 35,854 2.1 2,502 14.8 Accommodation and food services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 60,831 108,055 1.8 6,206 10.2 Other services, except public administration …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11,221 24,685 2.2 1,749 15.6 Unclassified establishments …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 529 1,365 2.6 125 23.6 Reason for layoff 3 3 3 Automation ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( ) ( ) 2.4 ( ) Bankruptcy ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14,515 42,668 2.9 3,110 Business ownership change ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21,350 58,535 2.7 5,405 Contract cancellation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14,164 38,538 2.7 3,819 Contract completion ..................................................................................................................................................................... 157,379 294,446 1.9 28,704 Energy-related……………………………………………………………………………….. – – – – 3 3 3 Environment-related………………………………………………………………………. .9 ( ) ( ) ( ) Financial difficulty ..................................................................................................................................................................... 32,987 95,104 2.9 9,033 Import competition ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7,477 21,995 2.9 2,172 Labor dispute ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10,616 18,077 1.7 1,827 Material shortage ..................................................................................................................................................................... 743 1,383 1.9 111 18.6 21.4 25.3 27.0 18.2 – .5 27.4 29.0 17.2 14.9 Model changeover ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,229 2,925 1.3 398 3 3 3 Natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2.4 ( ) ( ) ( ) 3 3 3 Non-natural disaster ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 1.8 ( ) ( ) ( ) Plant or machine repair ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3,536 4,059 1.1 259 Product line discontinued ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6,751 19,246 2.9 2,146 Reorganization within company ..................................................................................................................................................................... 107,492 300,476 2.8 26,902 Seasonal work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 282,828 525,935 1.9 32,627 Slack work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 110,721 183,925 1.7 12,845 Vacation period ..................................................................................................................................................................... 16,159 28,141 1.7 630 Weather-related ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7,418 12,156 1.6 708 Other ..................................................................................................................................................................... 27,762 68,044 2.5 6,793 Not reported ..................................................................................................................................................................... 76,544 140,308 1.8 12,778 17.9 20.8 4.6 7.3 31.8 25.0 11.5 11.6 3.9 9.5 24.5 16.7 Other selected measures Worksite closures…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 120,274 352,126 2.9 Recall expected…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 447,617 782,482 1.7 No recall expected…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 334,299 862,446 2.6 27.6 11.0 24.7 1 33,234 49,455 82,431 for MLS claimants is collected weekly. (See the Technical Note for additional information.) The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program tracks continued claim activity for initial claimants associated with extended mass layoffs once a month during the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week, which is usually the week including the 12th day of the month. Continued claims with earnings are excluded because such individuals are classified as employed in the CPS. Final payment information 2 3 See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 30 Table 23. Claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events, 50 highest metropolitan areas, private nonfarm sector, 2004 Continued claims without Metropolitan area Initial claims for unemployment insurance earnings Number 1 Final payments for 1 unemployment insurance Average number filed per initial claimant Number Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments Total, 367 metropolitan areas2 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 459,475 1,005,925 2.2 78,144 17.0 3 Total, 50 highest metropolitan areas ………………………………………………………… 336,111 728,005 2.2 58,137 17.3 New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 51,845 114,622 2.2 10,167 19.6 Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL-IN-WI…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 39,908 106,957 2.7 7,630 19.1 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 21,329 45,082 2.1 3,953 18.5 Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17,371 43,536 2.5 3,043 17.5 Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16,940 26,578 1.6 1,782 10.5 Houston-Baytown-Sugar Land, TX…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 15,059 30,518 2.0 2,950 19.6 Pittsburgh, PA …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12,126 18,180 1.5 1,236 10.2 Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11,137 22,540 2.0 1,803 16.2 San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8,823 16,405 1.9 1,280 14.5 Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7,745 13,898 1.8 658 8.5 Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7,199 21,820 3.0 2,643 36.7 Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7,182 17,220 2.4 650 9.1 Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5,732 14,128 2.5 1,428 24.9 Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5,285 12,442 2.4 1,181 22.3 Scranton--Wilkes-Barre, PA…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4,990 9,324 1.9 734 14.7 Providence-Fall River-Warwick, RI-MA…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4,272 8,492 2.0 246 5.8 Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4,109 8,082 2.0 650 15.8 Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4,006 8,801 2.2 701 17.5 Sacramento--Arden-Arcade--Roseville, CA …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,952 8,988 2.3 1,006 25.5 Rochester, NY…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,950 9,798 2.5 559 14.2 Fresno, CA …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,416 5,405 1.6 358 10.5 Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,365 9,253 2.7 630 18.7 St. Louis, MO-IL …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,327 7,013 2.1 446 13.4 Medford, OR…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,285 3,387 1.0 346 10.5 Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,258 7,587 2.3 710 21.8 Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,253 7,192 2.2 910 28.0 San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,245 9,505 2.9 849 26.2 Las Vegas-Paradise, NV …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,228 8,403 2.6 708 21.9 Modesto, CA …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,164 5,956 1.9 870 27.5 Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,115 7,589 2.4 428 13.7 Columbus, OH …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,002 8,271 2.8 524 17.5 Indianapolis, IN…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,975 7,640 2.6 639 21.5 Stockton, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,958 5,304 1.8 576 19.5 Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,857 6,573 2.3 227 7.9 Jacksonville, FL…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,845 7,094 2.5 570 20.0 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,835 4,249 1.5 256 9.0 Rockford, IL…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,780 6,812 2.5 460 16.5 Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR-WA …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,766 5,687 2.1 463 16.7 Louisville, KY-IN…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,682 2,181 .8 556 20.7 Erie, PA…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,611 2,325 .9 79 3.0 San Antonio, TX…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,582 7,008 2.7 643 24.9 San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,509 4,740 1.9 350 13.9 Kansas City, MO-KS…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,438 6,969 2.9 466 19.1 Lancaster, PA …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,425 2,280 .9 103 4.2 Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,251 4,931 2.2 424 18.8 Corpus Christi, TX …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,115 4,884 2.3 493 23.3 Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2,096 2,459 1.2 43 2.1 Salem, OR …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1,929 3,330 1.7 331 17.2 Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1,921 4,481 2.3 354 18.4 St. Cloud, MN…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1,918 2,086 1.1 25 1.3 1 The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program tracks continued claim activity for initial claimants associated with extended mass layoffs once a month during the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week, which is usually the week including the 12th day of the month. Continued claims with earnings are excluded because such individuals are classified as employed in the CPS. Final payment information for MLS claimants is collected weekly. (See the 31 Technical Note for additional information.) 2 3 See footnote 1, table 1. The 50 highest metropolitan areas in terms of the level of extended mass layoff initial claims activity are shown. NOTE: The geographic boundaries of the metropolitan areas shown in this table are defined in U.S. Office of Management and Budget Bulletin 04-03, February 18, 2004. Table 24. Unemployment insurance benefit exhaustion rates by selected claimant characteristics, private nonfarm sector, 2004 Characteristic Initial claims for unemployment insurance Final payments for unemployment insurance1 Percentage of initial claimants receiving final payments 2 Total, private nonfarm ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 902,365 150,480 16.7 Age Under 30 years of age ……………………………………… 171,627 27,304 30-44 ……………………………………………………………………………. 330,739 53,700 45-54 …………………………………………………………………………………. 233,410 38,162 55 years of age or older …………………………………………………………… 152,154 29,939 Not available ……………………………………………………………………………………… 14,435 1,375 15.9 16.2 16.3 19.7 9.5 Gender Male………………………………………………………………………………. 505,089 73,693 Female……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 393,952 76,392 Not available ……………………………………………………………………………………… 3,324 395 14.6 19.4 11.9 Race/ethnicity White…………………………………………………………………………………………… 528,359 75,789 Black ………………………………………………………………………………………. 133,451 30,024 Hispanic origin ……………………………………………………………………… 139,234 27,173 American Indian or Alaska Native ……………………………………. 5,003 816 Asian or Pacific Islander …………………………………………………………………. 20,434 3,430 Not available ……………………………………………………………………………………… 75,884 13,248 14.3 22.5 19.5 16.3 16.8 17.5 1 Final payment information for Mass Layoff Statistics claimants is collected weekly. (See the Technical Note for additional information.) 2 See footnote 1, table 1. 32 Table 25. Census region and division: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, 2002-04 Layoff events Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations Census region and division 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 1 United States ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6,337 6,181 5,010 1,272,331 1,216,886 993,511 1,218,143 2003 2004 1,200,811 902,365 267,587 231,902 218,373 57,426 210,161 42,203 189,699 36,971 181,402 328,017 265,676 192,128 South Atlantic ..................................................................................................................................................................... 888 909 731 167,676 179,322 140,353 159,974 East South Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 282 183 150 51,504 29,964 24,815 41,604 West South Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 469 353 252 87,527 58,833 38,490 126,439 155,713 24,361 85,602 123,608 20,357 48,163 343,712 379,819 304,478 East North Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,379 1,488 1,365 263,433 282,211 251,905 256,719 West North Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 454 399 354 84,415 71,603 59,762 86,993 313,414 66,405 250,747 53,731 Northeast ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,267 1,217 1,141 257,274 217,246 187,207 New England ..................................................................................................................................................................... 338 278 225 74,052 57,421 37,116 Middle Atlantic ..................................................................................................................................................................... 929 939 916 183,222 159,825 150,091 South ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,639 1,445 1,133 306,707 268,119 203,658 Midwest ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,833 1,887 1,719 347,848 353,814 311,667 West ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,598 1,632 1,017 360,502 377,707 290,979 278,827 323,414 187,386 Mountain ..................................................................................................................................................................... 303 245 170 82,353 52,648 46,073 Pacific ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,295 1,387 847 278,149 325,059 244,906 45,223 233,604 38,272 285,142 25,901 161,485 1 See footnote 1, table 1. NOTE: The States (and the District of Columbia) that make up the census divisions are: New England–Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic–New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic–Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central–Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central–Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central–Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central–Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain–Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific–Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. 33 Table 26. State distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, private nonfarm sector, 2002-04 Layoff events Initial claimants for unemployment insurance Separations State 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 Total, private nonfarm1 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6,337 6,181 5,010 1,272,331 1,216,886 993,511 1,218,143 1,200,811 2004 902,365 Alabama ..................................................................................................................................................................... 74 30 18 15,325 5,200 3,588 15,803 Alaska ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17 28 28 1,912 3,795 3,548 1,912 Arizona ..................................................................................................................................................................... 76 60 43 19,811 8,757 8,515 12,979 Arkansas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 22 16 15 4,047 3,456 3,205 5,763 California ..................................................................................................................................................................... 950 1,077 641 203,375 265,176 206,787 169,788 Colorado ..................................................................................................................................................................... 92 65 48 27,840 20,154 18,057 13,230 Connecticut ..................................................................................................................................................................... 65 49 47 14,928 9,949 11,900 12,976 2 2 2 2 2 Delaware ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 2,035 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 2 District of Columbia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 7 916 739 827 ( ) ( ) Florida ..................................................................................................................................................................... 442 500 444 83,637 96,702 85,432 75,875 Georgia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 76 96 83 17,258 19,756 18,024 19,473 Hawaii ..................................................................................................................................................................... 23 19 17 3,744 2,565 1,918 3,827 Idaho ..................................................................................................................................................................... 24 44 28 4,744 7,477 4,237 2,651 5,577 3,736 8,789 1,773 230,119 10,681 8,170 2 ( ) 739 80,926 18,543 2,173 8,802 3,709 3,548 7,059 1,451 129,190 6,752 9,119 2,004 2 ( ) 75,089 16,439 1,812 4,196 Illinois ..................................................................................................................................................................... 603 553 461 141,545 124,748 107,090 114,174 Indiana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 163 157 108 29,959 27,149 21,311 31,265 Iowa ..................................................................................................................................................................... 42 55 62 5,473 8,140 8,693 7,080 Kansas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 52 43 40 15,066 10,532 8,683 23,830 Kentucky ..................................................................................................................................................................... 88 63 75 12,452 10,497 11,018 10,156 Louisiana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 87 68 68 15,279 8,664 11,093 10,930 Maine ..................................................................................................................................................................... 37 40 25 8,983 7,957 7,230 5,767 Maryland ..................................................................................................................................................................... 40 22 9 6,983 4,118 1,969 5,278 Massachusetts ..................................................................................................................................................................... 175 141 95 41,592 34,646 10,007 31,022 Michigan ..................................................................................................................................................................... 126 244 290 18,515 45,443 45,624 22,363 Minnesota ..................................................................................................................................................................... 179 170 134 32,374 25,338 20,060 28,314 Mississippi ..................................................................................................................................................................... 43 30 17 7,449 4,863 2,589 4,788 Missouri ..................................................................................................................................................................... 140 93 76 24,746 21,695 14,737 22,044 106,552 37,044 7,743 12,345 7,958 7,003 5,557 2,956 23,313 67,593 23,531 2,824 18,043 88,791 22,617 10,677 5,798 8,365 7,453 4,616 1,547 15,282 57,840 18,838 1,746 13,152 Montana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19 23 13 3,417 4,275 1,933 2,231 Nebraska ..................................................................................................................................................................... 24 21 26 3,550 3,392 4,790 2,888 Nevada ..................................................................................................................................................................... 46 17 14 10,000 3,441 4,163 7,892 New Hampshire ..................................................................................................................................................................... 16 18 19 2,217 1,755 2,483 2,360 New Jersey ..................................................................................................................................................................... 239 213 181 42,992 36,675 30,968 41,868 New Mexico ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15 20 6 3,302 2,974 1,593 1,946 New York ..................................................................................................................................................................... 379 410 416 78,482 82,161 75,487 79,493 North Carolina ..................................................................................................................................................................... 137 141 67 30,813 31,887 10,511 25,352 North Dakota ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15 12 11 2,775 1,950 1,523 2,548 Ohio ..................................................................................................................................................................... 292 276 288 37,898 35,822 41,385 49,872 Oklahoma ..................................................................................................................................................................... 26 39 20 3,972 7,176 2,276 4,582 Oregon ..................................................................................................................................................................... 122 104 74 23,032 14,728 17,198 21,635 Pennsylvania ..................................................................................................................................................................... 311 316 319 61,748 40,989 43,636 88,800 2,942 2,623 2,563 1,862 38,747 2,426 73,111 28,646 1,744 50,503 8,326 18,642 77,841 1,122 3,251 3,655 2,490 33,841 1,149 75,145 8,420 1,533 41,955 2,780 12,739 72,416 Rhode Island ..................................................................................................................................................................... 25 19 26 2,512 1,935 3,689 2,537 South Carolina ..................................................................................................................................................................... 53 34 35 7,349 4,443 5,305 10,723 South Dakota ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 5 556 1,276 (2 ) (2 ) (2) Tennessee ..................................................................................................................................................................... 77 60 40 16,278 9,404 7,620 10,857 Texas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 334 230 149 64,229 39,537 21,916 105,164 Utah ..................................................................................................................................................................... 29 14 14 12,153 4,653 3,885 4,075 Vermont ..................................................................................................................................................................... 20 11 13 3,820 1,179 1,807 2,764 Virginia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 101 85 65 16,565 18,079 12,916 18,819 Washington ..................................................................................................................................................................... 183 159 87 46,086 38,795 15,455 36,442 West Virginia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 20 19 3,971 3,251 3,998 3,443 Wisconsin ..................................................................................................................................................................... 195 258 218 35,516 49,049 36,495 39,045 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Wyoming ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2,122 4,310 376 8,002 68,500 1,872 1,179 16,662 30,472 2,584 51,722 2 ( ) 3,680 5,340 482 6,537 36,479 1,450 1,784 11,788 14,196 2,818 39,544 2 ( ) 8,316 9,465 Puerto Rico ..................................................................................................................................................................... 45 45 40 8,031 5,624 4,868 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 34 9,469 Table 27. Fifty highest metropolitan areas in 2004: Number of extended mass layoff events and separations, private nonfarm sector 2003 Metropolitan area Events Separations 2004 Rank 1 Events Separations 1 Rank 2 Total, 367 metropolitan areas …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3,360 589,944 … 2,783 470,526 … Total, 50 highest metropolitan areas………………………………………………………… 2,253 425,633 … 1,896 339,946 … New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA…………………………………………………………….. 253 39,527 3 296 51,118 Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL-IN-WI…………………………………………………………….. 283 61,360 1 240 49,652 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA…………………………………………………………….. 199 50,996 2 135 22,674 Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 81 12,513 5 97 12,515 Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 51 5,281 26 77 10,625 Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 70 11,354 8 57 10,492 Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 29 4,212 31 30 10,456 Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 34 5,835 22 37 8,432 Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 80 12,093 6 58 7,908 San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 66 9,898 11 41 7,764 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Sacramento--Arden-Arcade--Roseville, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 29 6,909 17 23 7,593 Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 76 15,641 4 68 7,261 Pittsburgh, PA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 66 7,682 14 51 6,318 Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 39 5,115 27 28 5,706 Houston-Baytown-Sugar Land, TX…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 86 11,187 9 52 5,474 Medford, OR…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6 970 108 9 4,905 Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 23 7,369 16 20 4,858 St. Louis, MO-IL…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 34 6,811 18 21 4,843 Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 45 8,345 13 20 4,720 San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 76 12,087 7 27 4,453 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Providence-Fall River-Warwick, RI-MA …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22 2,316 49 31 Rockford, IL…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 19 4,254 30 19 Modesto, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 19 9,949 10 9 Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 30 7,520 15 20 Columbus, OH…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 23 2,430 46 23 Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 40 5,597 25 23 Rochester, NY…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22 2,821 42 27 Las Vegas-Paradise, NV…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 13 2,189 57 11 Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR-WA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 49 6,039 20 22 Indianapolis, IN…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28 4,752 28 20 4,143 4,025 3,979 3,939 3,831 3,810 3,768 3,736 3,629 3,530 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Jacksonville, FL…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 26 3,862 33 18 Fresno, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 23 5,633 23 12 Scranton--Wilkes-Barre, PA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 14 1,833 68 22 Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 50 8,491 12 21 Salt Lake City, UT…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8 3,638 35 8 Louisville, KY-IN…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 13 1,991 63 21 Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 29 3,996 32 22 Kansas City, MO-KS…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 19 5,605 24 16 Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8 1,084 97 12 San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 34 5,866 21 20 3,392 3,376 3,349 3,221 3,218 3,121 3,021 2,898 2,788 2,766 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 23 2,231 53 27 Stockton, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 15 4,591 29 17 Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22 3,305 38 20 Merced, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9 2,893 41 9 El Paso, TX…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8 1,994 62 8 Wichita, KS…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 11 3,264 39 12 San Antonio, TX …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 11 2,411 47 10 New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4 580 158 11 Vallejo-Fairfield, CA…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6 1,319 84 6 Toledo, OH…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10 819 123 12 2,744 2,655 2,370 2,260 2,224 2,190 2,081 2,080 2,025 2,010 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 1 this table are defined in U.S. Office of Management and Budget Bulletin 04-03, February 18, 2004. Metropolitan areas are ranked by the number of separations in 2004. 2 See footnote 1, table 1. NOTE: The geographic boundaries of the metropolitan areas shown in 35 Table 28. Summary of employer expectations of a recall from extended mass layoffs, private nonfarm sector, 1997-2004 1 Percent of events Nature of recall 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 43.2 51.1 82.4 47.2 84.2 47.7 87.5 43.7 90.1 47.1 94.2 95.1 87.5 44.5 87.8 43.0 95.2 54.1 96.4 54.7 Anticipate a recall………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41.4 38.9 32.3 33.5 25.3 23.5 23.4 26.6 Timeframe Within 6 months………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 72.1 75.9 74.6 75.4 71.3 68.6 Within 3 months………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 52.9 58.0 50.0 51.6 49.5 47.0 74.4 51.4 77.0 56.9 Size of recall At least half………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 81.5 86.7 77.8 79.8 73.7 81.3 All workers………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 45.4 56.9 40.0 40.8 27.8 24.5 75.5 27.3 77.7 31.9 ALL LAYOFF EVENTS Anticipate a recall………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 60.8 55.0 53.0 55.0 39.0 41.4 Timeframe Within 6 months………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 80.0 82.6 83.7 83.2 79.6 79.1 Within 3 months………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 50.3 54.1 45.4 45.8 45.3 45.9 Size of recall At least half………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 89.9 92.1 88.9 89.5 84.2 89.8 All workers………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 62.5 64.1 50.7 50.5 40.5 41.6 LAYOFF EVENTS DUE TO SEASONAL WORK AND VACATION PERIOD Anticipate a recall………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 94.1 90.8 93.9 94.5 90.1 92.6 Timeframe Within 6 months………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 86.0 88.9 89.8 88.3 88.2 86.7 Within 3 months………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 48.3 50.3 42.2 42.1 40.8 45.1 Size of recall At least half………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 96.2 97.2 96.5 95.8 95.2 96.0 All workers………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 75.4 71.0 58.0 56.7 53.8 54.2 ALL LAYOFFS EVENTS, EXCLUDING THOSE DUE TO SEASONAL WORK AND VACATION PERIOD 1 See footnote 1, table1. 36 Table 29. Distribution of extended mass layoff events with expected recall, by industry and reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 1997-2004 Percent of layoff events Measure 1997 1998 1999 1 2000 2001 2002 Total, private nonfarm …………………………………….………………………………………………………………………… 60.8 55.0 53.0 55.0 39.0 41.4 2003 2004 43.2 51.1 Industry Mining …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 61.5 42.2 34.1 61.1 62.3 59.0 68.6 Utilities …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33.3 11.1 55.6 31.8 26.3 31.6 27.3 Construction …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 73.0 69.3 72.7 81.6 72.6 76.5 71.9 Manufacturing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 58.4 55.6 47.5 48.5 33.5 33.2 38.7 Wholesale trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 48.6 43.5 36.8 35.5 18.3 32.0 26.6 Retail trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 29.3 29.3 32.5 29.1 21.2 19.4 25.7 Transportation and warehousing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 78.0 72.2 73.4 70.3 54.9 53.3 54.8 Information …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 48.2 25.0 25.9 26.0 8.6 10.7 9.8 Finance and insurance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7.5 3.8 5.4 5.3 2.8 2.0 3.4 77.5 46.2 76.7 43.8 36.2 27.6 68.7 12.4 5.1 Real estate and rental and leasing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 37.5 50.0 61.5 41.2 24.2 29.4 13.6 23.1 Professional and technical services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 57.0 49.1 50.4 50.8 20.6 30.9 32.7 42.4 Management of companies and enterprises …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 66.7 63.6 33.3 50.0 37.5 25.0 35.0 23.8 Administrative and waste services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 51.6 43.4 37.9 52.2 38.8 37.2 31.3 34.7 Educational services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 76.9 61.5 55.6 54.5 33.3 57.9 48.1 68.8 Health care and social assistance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 70.2 61.3 63.3 56.6 68.4 63.1 60.9 69.7 Arts, entertainment, and recreation …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 82.7 68.3 83.2 81.7 76.2 82.3 68.6 83.3 Accommodation and food services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 74.9 66.7 70.2 73.5 55.0 62.3 64.8 69.4 Other services, except public administration …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 87.5 83.1 80.5 82.3 72.0 72.5 66.7 64.8 Unclassified establishments …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 40.0 – 30.4 32.3 28.9 9.1 57.1 50.0 Reason for layoff Automation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 33.3 66.7 20.0 – 36.4 40.0 – – Bankruptcy ..................................................................................................................................................................... 11.4 5.1 2.8 2.6 2.4 3.7 2.3 – Business ownership change ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14.2 9.3 7.5 3.3 4.3 3.9 5.8 4.7 Contract cancellation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 24.6 26.2 25.6 27.4 16.7 13.3 13.6 9.0 Contract completion ..................................................................................................................................................................... 59.9 41.8 46.6 57.0 52.2 53.1 41.6 38.6 2 Domestic relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5.2 4.5 5.5 – 5.0 4.9 2.0 ( ) Energy-related…………………………………………………………...................................................................................................................................................................… – 33.3 50.0 40.0 20.0 33.3 – – Environment-related………………………………………...................................................................................................................................................................……. – 80.0 7.7 28.6 – 66.7 60.0 50.0 Financial difficulty ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9.0 9.9 8.6 6.8 8.1 6.3 6.7 2.7 Import competition ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12.9 18.9 5.3 9.5 9.2 9.5 5.4 7.8 Labor dispute ..................................................................................................................................................................... 59.4 79.0 61.5 46.4 58.3 57.1 57.9 45.2 Material shortage ..................................................................................................................................................................... 83.3 87.0 70.0 83.3 40.0 44.4 80.0 80.0 Model changeover ..................................................................................................................................................................... 94.4 84.2 80.0 77.8 53.8 40.0 66.7 Natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... 60.0 40.0 – – 75.0 100.0 33.3 3 3 3 3 3 Non-natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... 37.5 – ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 6.7 Overseas relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5.3 5.7 – 2.3 1.3 4.4 1.6 Plant or machine repair ..................................................................................................................................................................... 100.0 90.0 92.3 84.2 100.0 83.3 95.8 Product line discontinued ..................................................................................................................................................................... 28.3 22.2 17.1 20.0 5.0 7.1 2.9 Reorganization within company ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14.3 11.5 12.4 11.1 6.1 4.4 6.6 Seasonal work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 93.8 90.4 93.9 94.3 89.4 92.3 93.9 Slack work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 74.0 70.3 69.6 69.8 42.3 36.8 47.8 Vacation period ..................................................................................................................................................................... 98.7 97.5 94.2 98.7 99.2 97.5 98.1 Weather-related ..................................................................................................................................................................... 93.1 97.1 97.3 85.9 90.2 91.9 95.8 Other ..................................................................................................................................................................... 23.1 28.3 20.2 26.8 15.0 16.7 11.8 Not reported ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2.4 1.1 1.2 .8 .7 .3 – 1 See footnote 1, table 1. Beginning with data for 2004, these reasons for layoff are no longer used. For additional information, see the Technical Note. 3 Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the 2 77.8 100.0 100.0 (2) 94.7 8.6 6.0 95.0 62.0 97.3 96.8 16.8 – third quarter of 2001, in order to identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the September 11 attacks. Thus, data for 2001 pertain to the third and fourth quarters only. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 37 Table 30. Number of extended mass layoff events and separations from which the employer does not expect a recall, by industry and reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2004 Measure Events Separations Total, private nonfarm1 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1,857 412,354 Industry Mining …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7 1,339 Utilities …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5 778 Construction …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 134 17,753 Manufacturing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 634 112,566 Wholesale trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 47 7,357 Retail trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 195 98,426 Transportation and warehousing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 58 12,010 Information …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 113 21,793 Finance and insurance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 121 28,960 Real estate and rental and leasing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6 1,382 Professional and technical services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 63 10,306 Management of companies and enterprises …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14 2,679 Administrative and waste services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 300 63,759 Educational services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3 219 Health care and social assistance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 69 14,907 Arts, entertainment, and recreation …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11 2,453 Accommodation and food services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 53 11,869 Other services, except public administration …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 23 3,740 Unclassified establishments …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1 58 Reason for layoff Automation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 660 Bankruptcy ..................................................................................................................................................................... 88 19,782 Business ownership change ..................................................................................................................................................................... 114 26,002 Contract cancellation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 93 15,795 Contract completion ..................................................................................................................................................................... 385 96,039 Energy-related…………………………………………………………….................................. – – Environment-related……………………………………………........................................... – – Financial difficulty ..................................................................................................................................................................... 204 41,445 Import competition ..................................................................................................................................................................... 45 7,684 Labor dispute ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10 22,948 2 2 Material shortage ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( ) ( ) 2 2 Model changeover ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( ) ( ) Natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... – – Non-natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... – – 2 2 Plant or machine repair ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( ) ( ) Product line discontinued ..................................................................................................................................................................... 31 6,615 Reorganization within company ..................................................................................................................................................................... 501 98,955 Seasonal work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 49 16,195 Slack work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 169 25,326 2 2 Vacation period ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( ) ( ) Weather-related ..................................................................................................................................................................... (2) (2 ) Other ..................................................................................................................................................................... 120 27,052 Not reported ..................................................................................................................................................................... 39 7,186 Internal company restructuring3……………………………………………………………………………….. 907 186,184 1 See footnote 1, table 1. ruptcy, business ownership change, financial 2 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 3 Internal company restructuring consists of bank- 38 difficulty, and reorganization within company. NOTE: Dash represents zero. Table 31. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations by primary reason for layoff, private nonfarm sector, 2000-04 Layoff events Separations Reason for layoff 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000 2001 2002 1 Total, all reasons ..................................................................................................................................................................... 755 1,240 1,155 919 746 183,335 377,360 298,634 (2) (2 ) (2) Automation ..................................................................................................................................................................... – – – – – Bankruptcy ..................................................................................................................................................................... 119 206 155 122 70 47,846 112,021 63,346 Business ownership change ..................................................................................................................................................................... 59 82 85 51 59 14,182 32,606 23,719 Contract cancellation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 35 35 61 28 39 5,709 8,919 15,704 Contract completion ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 6 13 21 20 1,189 1,735 6,096 3 Domestic relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 51 76 80 70 8,529 14,616 15,956 ( ) 2 2 2 2 Energy-related…………………………………………………………….................................. 6 1,457 – ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (2 ) Environment-related……………………………………………........................................... 4 569 – – – (2 ) (2) (2 ) Financial difficulty ..................................................................................................................................................................... 190 294 216 169 140 39,853 70,656 57,542 Import competition ..................................................................................................................................................................... 47 77 49 78 31 10,351 17,802 10,614 2 2 2 Labor dispute ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 – – – – ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 2 2 2 2003 2004 210,903 159,856 – 42,824 15,433 7,239 3,698 12,032 (2) (2) 38,867 17,672 2 ( ) (2 ) 16,748 10,206 7,202 3,780 2 Material shortage ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( ) ( ) 3 – ( ) ( ) ( ) 629 – 2 2 2 2 2 Model changeover ..................................................................................................................................................................... – – – – ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... – – – – – – – (2) (2) 4 4 2 4 4 2 Non-natural disaster ..................................................................................................................................................................... – – – ( ) 7 ( ) ( ) 2,404 ( ) 3 Overseas relocation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 18 49 38 35 3,801 10,512 8,276 9,445 ( ) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Plant or machine repair ..................................................................................................................................................................... – – ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Product line discontinued ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 7 10 11 14 1,749 3,960 1,304 1,744 Reorganization within company ..................................................................................................................................................................... 124 178 221 194 231 32,703 50,759 48,375 35,491 2 2 2 2 Seasonal work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13 – – 2,724 – ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Slack work ..................................................................................................................................................................... 32 96 129 62 40 4,664 26,472 23,027 11,237 Vacation period ..................................................................................................................................................................... – – – – – – – – – 2 2 2 Weather-related ..................................................................................................................................................................... – – – – – – ( ) ( ) ( ) Other ..................................................................................................................................................................... 41 75 44 39 66 8,975 16,187 10,956 9,460 Not reported ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13 25 44 31 25 1,910 3,134 11,761 4,440 5 Internal company restructuring ……………………………………………………………………………….. 492 760 677 536 500 134,584 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 192,982 132,615 2 ( ) 2 ( ) – – 3 ( ) 2 ( ) 4,285 53,519 – 6,333 – 2 ( ) 14,992 3,790 110,721 quarter 2001 in order to identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the September 11 attacks. Thus, data for 2001 pertain to the third and fourth quarters only. 2 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 3 5 Internal company restructuring consists of bankuptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company. Beginning with data for 2004, these reasons for layoff are no longer used. For additional information, see the Technical Note. 4 266,042 3 ( ) – – 30,248 6,272 1,396 Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third NOTE: Dash represents zero. 39 Table 32. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations by major industry sector, private nonfarm sector, 2000-04 Layoff events Separations Industry 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Total, private nonfarm ..................................................................................................................................................................... 755 1,240 1,155 919 746 183,335 377,360 298,634 210,903 159,856 1,222 ( ) – 2,718 71,013 4,815 24,910 5,423 8,282 8,714 1 2 Mining …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 9 11 5 ( ) 488 2,812 1,761 2 2 2 2 2 Utilities …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 764 – ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Construction …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5 19 14 18 16 510 2,055 2,820 Manufacturing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 405 650 575 469 357 85,940 165,004 116,142 Wholesale trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 34 51 42 42 28 7,397 11,328 7,099 Retail trade …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 113 189 169 123 94 43,888 69,961 74,152 Transportation and warehousing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 32 37 71 29 24 6,176 10,405 25,682 Information …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17 71 52 37 30 3,206 18,489 10,745 Finance and insurance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 26 38 39 39 36 6,210 10,636 9,279 2 2 2 2 ( ) 5,068 94,990 6,815 45,136 8,931 8,048 9,270 2 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Real estate and rental and leasing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8 5 5 3,216 674 Professional and technical services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13 41 24 20 26 1,434 7,601 6,612 3,877 2 2 2 2 2 Management of companies and enterprises …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 4 1,150 1,001 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Administrative and waste services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24 49 72 64 38 6,069 55,019 24,780 14,926 2 2 2 2 2 Educational services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6 834 – – ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Health care and social assistance …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 45 23 30 27 35 15,423 5,149 5,954 4,285 2 2 2 Arts, entertainment, and recreation …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7 4 7 1,978 3,685 1,398 ( ) ( ) ( ) Accommodation and food services …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9 28 17 18 34 2,628 9,960 3,307 3,796 Other services, except public administration …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10 4 17 12 13 1,354 463 3,430 1,660 Unclassified establishments …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3 7 5 1 – 455 1,940 896 1 See footnote 1, table 1. 2 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 40 51 2 1,299 4,136 2 ( ) 9,345 2 ( ) 7,397 2 ( ) 8,410 1,868 – Table 33. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations, private nonfarm sector, 50 highest three-digit NAICS industries in 2004 Permanent closures Industry NAICS 2003 Events Separations 2004 Rank1 Events Separations Rank 1 2 Total, private nonfarm ...................................................................................................................................................................................... … 919 210,903 … 746 159,856 … Total, 50 highest industries ...................................................................................................................................................................................... … 858 201,925 … 704 153,309 … Food manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 311 35 6,258 10 43 11,025 1 Administrative and support services……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 561 63 14,786 2 37 8,545 2 Food and beverage stores……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 445 26 11,194 4 27 8,210 3 Transportation equipment manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 336 38 7,241 9 35 7,680 4 Credit intermediation and related activities……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 522 15 3,797 18 21 6,232 5 Computer and electronic product manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 334 56 12,240 3 29 6,091 6 Telecommunications……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 517 18 3,583 20 21 6,076 7 Furniture and related product manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 337 26 5,583 11 28 6,041 8 Food services and drinking places……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 722 10 2,059 29 26 5,773 9 Apparel manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 315 36 8,056 7 20 5,176 10 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 326 13 1,640 33 30 4,807 Fabricated metal product manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 332 32 5,532 12 28 4,651 Hospitals………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 622 11 2,406 27 15 4,300 Professional and technical services……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 541 20 3,877 17 26 4,136 General merchandise stores……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 452 51 24,757 1 19 4,016 Clothing and clothing accessories stores……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 448 15 3,110 23 10 3,839 Textile mills……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 313 27 8,334 6 19 3,654 Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 424 24 3,950 14 17 3,184 Paper manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 322 18 3,690 19 20 2,778 Electrical equipment and appliance mfg.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 335 22 3,227 21 13 2,654 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Accommodation……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 339 8 1,737 32 8 2,637 Miscellaneous manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 721 16 2,419 26 14 2,637 Machinery manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 333 31 8,847 5 13 2,322 Printing and related support activities……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 323 14 1,766 31 10 2,292 Air transportation……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 481 6 1,950 30 8 2,266 Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 327 16 2,898 24 11 2,205 Primary metal manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 331 33 7,447 8 10 2,065 Chemical manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 325 17 3,922 16 14 1,995 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 451 5 1,097 43 6 1,962 Truck transportation……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 484 5 1,149 39 8 1,929 21 21 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Textile product mills……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 314 8 1,339 37 8 1,515 Health and personal care stores……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 446 5 962 49 5 1,478 Securities, commodity contracts, investments……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 523 3 1,425 35 7 1,444 ISPs, search portals, and data processing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 518 4 1,134 42 5 1,414 Electronics and appliance stores……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 443 4 796 53 7 1,311 Nursing and residential care facilities……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 623 9 1,149 39 11 1,279 3 3 3 3 Building material and garden supply stores……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 444 69 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Construction of buildings……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 236 6 1,253 38 5 1,209 Specialty trade contractors……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 238 7 954 50 8 1,175 Merchant wholesalers, durable goods……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 423 14 2,163 28 8 1,134 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 3 3 3 3 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Rental and leasing services……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 532 66 Insurance carriers and related activities……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 524 21 4,048 13 8 1,038 Ambulatory health care services……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 621 6 600 58 4 1,015 3 3 Furniture and home furnishings stores……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 442 45 6 928 ( ) ( ) Wood product manufacturing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 321 24 3,188 22 8 865 Personal and laundry services……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 812 8 1,016 44 7 829 Warehousing and storage……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 493 6 3,926 15 5 806 3 3 Social assistance……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 624 68 5 803 ( ) ( ) 3 3 3 3 Waste management and remediation services……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 562 67 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Mining, except oil and gas……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 212 4 1,137 41 4 789 1 2 3 Industries are ranked by the number of separations in 2004. See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 41 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Table 34. Permanent worksite closures: Over-the-year comparisons of extended mass layoff events and separations by State, private nonfarm sector, 2003-04 Layoffs State 2003 Separations 2004 Change 2003 2004 Change 1 Total, private nonfarm ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 919 746 -173 210,903 159,856 -51,047 Alabama……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5 5 – 701 1,196 2 2 2 Alaska……………………………………………………………………………………………………. – – ( ) ( ) ( ) Arizona……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8 6 -2 1,492 2,040 Arkansas……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7 3 -4 1,446 1,211 California……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 166 127 -39 40,250 29,068 Colorado……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6 5 -1 4,000 1,807 Connecticut……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9 11 2 1,876 1,747 2 2 2 Delaware……………………………………………………………………………………………………. – – ( ) ( ) ( ) District of Columbia……………………………………………………………………………………………………. – – – – – Florida……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 62 63 1 14,848 12,358 Georgia……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 28 16 -12 8,250 3,673 2 2 2 Hawaii……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3 440 ( ) ( ) ( ) Idaho……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10 3 -7 1,310 420 Illinois……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 52 59 7 12,925 13,853 Indiana……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 26 20 -6 5,577 5,208 Iowa……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11 8 -3 2,387 1,485 Kansas……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11 12 1 1,946 3,703 Kentucky……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19 27 8 4,648 4,569 Louisiana……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10 9 -1 1,729 2,311 Maine……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11 5 -6 2,672 1,583 Maryland……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5 6 1 1,331 1,527 Massachusetts……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 27 16 -11 6,089 2,263 Michigan……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 16 26 10 2,926 4,796 Minnesota……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4 4 – 1,610 838 Mississippi……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 14 10 -4 2,636 2,002 Missouri……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 18 8 -10 4,267 1,704 2 2 2 495 2 ( ) 548 -235 -11,182 -2,193 -129 2 ( ) – -2,490 -4,577 2 ( ) -890 928 -369 -902 1,757 -79 582 -1,089 196 -3,826 1,870 -772 -634 -2,563 2 Montana……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4 ( ) ( ) 707 ( ) ( ) Nebraska……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4 5 1 928 2,054 1,126 Nevada ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 4 -2 1,959 2,214 255 2 2 2 2 2 2 New Hampshire ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) New Jersey ..................................................................................................................................................................... 33 38 5 6,540 8,130 1,590 New Mexico ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 3 -4 920 489 -431 New York……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 47 38 -9 9,818 6,393 -3,425 North Carolina……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 58 26 -32 18,399 5,091 -13,308 2 2 2 2 North Dakota……………………………………………………………………………………………………. – – ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Ohio……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 64 51 -13 9,377 9,850 473 Oklahoma……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8 9 1 907 1,275 368 Oregon……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 14 10 -4 2,728 1,879 -849 Pennsylvania……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3 14 11 498 4,330 3,832 2 2 2 Rhode Island……………………………………………………………………………………………………. ( ) 4 ( ) ( ) 424 2 2 2 2 2 South Carolina……………………………………………………………………………………………………. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 2 2 South Dakota……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3 383 ( ) ( ) ( ) Tennessee……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 34 22 -12 6,598 4,910 Texas……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 35 16 -19 10,963 4,733 2 2 2 2 2 Utah……………………………………………………………………………………………………. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 2 2 Vermont……………………………………………………………………………………………………. – – ( ) ( ) ( ) Virginia……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 17 17 – 4,705 2,976 Washington……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 15 5 -10 2,959 661 West Virginia……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5 6 1 836 1,118 Wisconsin……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 22 19 -3 3,724 2,610 2 2 2 Wyoming……………………………………………………………………………………………………. – – ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 See footnote 1, table 1. Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero. 2 42 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) -1,688 -6,230 2 ( ) 2 ( ) -1,729 -2,298 282 -1,114 2 ( ) Table 35. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations, 25 highest metropolitan areas, private nonfarm sector, 2004 2003 Metropolitan Area Events Separations 2004 Rank 1 Events Separations Rank1 Total, 367 metropolitan areas 2 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………......................... 616 125,636 … 511 102,207 … Total, 25 highest metropolitan areas…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 318 70,680 … 264 58,246 … Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 57 13,180 1 48 10,395 1 New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 39 7,395 2 42 8,079 2 Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL-IN-WI…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 28 5,718 3 36 7,770 3 Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 18 3,210 6 16 2,639 4 3 3 Las Vegas-Paradise, NV…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 4 1,290 24 5 ( ) ( ) Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 10 1,785 13 7 1,948 6 Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 7 1,361 23 4 1,850 7 Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 13 2,692 7 14 1,840 8 San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 18 3,651 5 10 1,744 9 3 3 Rockford, IL…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 46 5 1,634 10 ( ) ( ) Jackson, MS…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 4 839 39 4 1,616 11 3 3 Indianapolis, IN…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 72 4 1,475 12 ( ) ( ) Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 12 2,094 10 9 1,410 13 Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 12 1,820 12 6 1,379 14 3 3 Louisville, KY-IN…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 43 8 1,337 15 ( ) ( ) Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 7 1,615 17 10 1,236 16 Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. – – – 4 1,223 17 3 3 Denver-Aurora, CO…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 4 2,000 11 18 ( ) ( ) San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 16 2,685 8 7 1,160 19 Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR-WA…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 7 1,382 22 6 1,135 20 3 3 3 3 El Paso, TX…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 34 21 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 3 3 Sacramento--Arden-Arcade--Roseville, CA…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 7 1,200 31 22 ( ) ( ) Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 5 1,671 15 4 1,007 23 Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 10 4,234 4 4 993 24 3 3 Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT…………………………………………………………............................................................................................................. 103 6 973 25 ( ) ( ) 1 Metropolitan areas are ranked by the number of separations in 2004. 2 See footnote 1, table 1. NOTE: The geographic boundaries of the metropolitan areas shown in this table are defined in U.S. Office of Management and 3 Data do not meet Bureau of Labor Statistics or State agency disclosure standards. 43 Budget Bulletin 04-03, February 18, 2004. Dash represents zero. Technical Note T he Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program is a Federal-State program that uses a standardized, automated approach to identifying, describing, and tracking the effects of major job cutbacks, using data from each State’s unemployment insurance (UI) database. Establishments that have at least 50 initial claims for unemployment insurance filed against them during a consecutive 5-week period are contacted by the State agency in charge of the UI program to determine whether these separations are of at least 31 days duration, and, if so, information is obtained on the total number of persons separated and the reasons for these separations. Establishments are identified according to industry classification and location, and unemployment insurance claimants are identified by such demographic factors as age, race, sex, ethnic group, and place of residence. The MLS program yields information on an individual’s entire spell of unemployment, to the point at which regular unemployment insurance benefits are exhausted. Beginning with data for 2004, the scope of extended mass layoffs and plant closings was redefined to cover only the private nonfarm economy. Therefore, extended mass layoff information for agriculture and government is no longer collected. Computer hardware. The industries included in this grouping, which are from Digital Economy, 2003 (U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, 2003) are: Semiconductor machinery manufacturing; office machinery manufacturing; electronic computer manufacturing; computer storage device manufacturing; computer terminal manufacturing; other computer peripheral equipment manufacturing; electron tube manufacturing; bare printed circuit board manufacturing; semiconductors and related device manufacturing; electronic capacitor manufacturing; electronic resistor manufacturing; electronic coils, transformers, and inductors; electronic connector manufacturing; printed circuit assembly manufacturing; other electronic component manufacturing; industrial process variable instruments; electricity and signal testing instruments; analytical laboratory instrument manufacturing; computer and software merchant wholesalers; and computer and software stores. Continued claim. A claim filed after the initial claim, by mail, telephone, or in person, for waiting-period credit or payment for a certified week of unemployment. The MLS program collects continued claims for 1 week each month. That is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th day of the month and is referred to as the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week. Because continued claims are not tracked for all weeks, an exact measure of insured jobless duration is not available. Definitions Clothing manufacturing and distribution. Industries involved in the production and distribution of clothing. These industries include textile mills; apparel manufacturing; footwear manufacturing; apparel and piece goods merchant wholesalers; clothing stores; shoe stores; department stores; and formal wear and costume rental. Establishment. A unit at a single physical location at which predominantly one type of economic activity is conducted. Extended layoff event. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment insurance benefits from an establishment during a 5-week period, with at least 50 workers separated for more than 30 days. Communications equipment. The industries included in this grouping, which are from Digital Economy, 2003 (U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, 2003), are: Telephone apparatus manufacturing; audio and video equipment manufacturing; broadcast and wireless communications equipment; fiber optic cable manufacturing; software reproducing; and magnetic and optical recording media manufacturing. Final payment recipients. Persons who have exhausted all of their unemployment insurance benefits and are no longer eligible for any further benefits. Food processing and distribution. Industries that are involved in the production and distribution of food. These industries include food manufacturing; beverage manufacturing; grocery and related product wholesalers; farm product raw material merchant wholesalers; alcoholic beverage merchant wholesalers; farm supplies merchant wholesalers; food and beverage stores; food (health) supplement stores; refrigerated warehousing and storage; farm product ware- Communications services. The industries included in this grouping, which are from Digital Economy, 2003 (U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, 2003), are: Wired telecommunications carriers; cellular and other wireless carriers; telecommunications resellers; cable and other program distribution; satellite telecommunications; other telecommunications; and communication equipment repair. 44 housing and storage; veterinary services; and food services and drinking places. reassigned work activities that were performed at a worksite by the company’s employees (1) to another worksite within the company; (2) to another company under formal arrangements at the same worksite; or (3) to another company under formal arrangements at another worksite. The type of work activities subject to movement can include accounting, customer service, cleaning, warehousing, and so on. “Overseas relocation” is the movement of work from within the UnitedStates to locations outside of the country. “Overseas relocation” can occur within the same company and involve movement of work to a different location of that company outside of the United States, or to a different company altogether. “Domestic relocation” is the movement of work to other locations inside the United States, either within the same company or to a different company. The terms “overseas relocation” and “domestic relocation” are no longer defined as they were in earlier extended mass layoff reports. Therefore, the data presented in this report are not comparable with those that were presented in earlier reports. Questions on movement of work and location are asked for all identified layoff events when the reason for separation is other than “seasonal work” or “vacation period.” Seasonal and vacation layoff events were excluded because movement of work in those cases appears unlikely. Questions on movement of work are asked after the State analyst verifies that a layoff in fact occurred and lasted more than 30 days, and obtained the total number of workers separated from jobs, the date on which the layoff began, and the economic reason for the layoff. If the reason for layoff is other than seasonal work or vacation, the employer is asked the following: Initial claimant. A person who files any notice of unemployment to initiate a request either for a determination of entitlement to and eligibility for compensation, or for a subsequent period of unemployment within a benefit year or period of eligibility. Layoff. The separation of persons from an employer as part of a mass layoff event. (See below.) Such layoffs involve both persons who are subject to recall and those who are terminated. Mass layoff. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment insurance benefits from an establishment beginning in a given month, regardless of duration. Movement-of-work action: A layoff action for which the employer confirmed relocation of work within the same company or to other companies, domestically or outside the United States. Because employers may cite more than one location to which work is moving, a layoff event may have more than one action associated with it. Movement-of-work separations: The number of separations specifically associated with movement-of-work actions. Separations: The total number of people laid off in an extended mass layoff event for more than 30 days, according to the employer. Software and computer services. The industries included in this grouping, which are from Digital Economy, 2003 (U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, 2003), are: Software publishers; Internet service providers; Web search portals; data processing and related services; computer and software merchant wholesalers; computer and software stores; custom computer programming services; computer systems design services; computer facilities management services; other computer related services; office equipment rental and leasing; and computer and office machine repair. (1) “Did this layoff include your company moving work from this location(s) to a different geographic location(s) within your company?” (2) “Did this layoff include your company moving work that was performed in-house by your employees to a different company, through contractual arrangements?” A “yes” response to either question is followed by: Worksite closure. The full closure of either multiunit or singleunit establishments or the partial closure of a multiunit establishment in which entire worksites affected by layoffs are closed or planned to be closed. “Is the location inside or outside of the U.S.?” and “How many of the layoffs were a result of this relocation?” Layoff actions are classified as “overseas relocation” if the employer responds “yes” to questions 1 and/or 2, and indicates that the new location(s) is outside of the United States. Domestic relocation is determined if the employer responds “yes” to questions 1 and/or 2 and indicates that the new location(s) is within the United States. After asking the movement-of-work questions, the employer interview continues and responses are obtained for questions on recall expectations and open versus closed Movement of work concepts and questions Because of the employer interview component, the Bureau of Labor Statistics decided to use the MLS program as a vehicle for collecting additional information on offshoring and outsourcing associated with job loss by adding questions that address movement of work. The term “moving work” means that the company experiencing the layoff has 45 status of the worksite. The MLS program uses a range to report separations associated with movement of work. The data provided by respondents on the number of separations associated with specific movement-of-work actions establish a lower bound. The upper bound is the total number of separations in extended mass layoff events in which there was some movement of work. The difference between the lower and upper bounds includes an unknown number of separations that were not due to movement of work and an unknown number of separations from movement-of-work actions for which employers could not provide detail. employers identified from the administrative data are asked the employer interview questions, and the responses of these employers are likewise subject to nonsampling error. In the latter cases, nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the inability to obtain information for all respondents, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For 2004, outright refusal to participate in the employer interview accounted for 4.5 percent of all private nonfarm events. Employers in 98 instances were included in the total number of instances entailing the movement of work, but were unable to provide the number of separations specifically associated with the movement of work. Out-of-country moves were involved in 38 of these instances. Material in this report is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit, may be used may used without permission. The information in this report is available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice telephone: (202) 691-7828; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8339. E-mail address: mlsinfo@bls.gov. Reliability of the data The identification of establishments and layoff events in the MLS program and associated characteristics of claimants is based on administrative data on covered establishments and unemployment insurance claims, and, therefore, is not subject to issues associated with sampling error. Nonsampling errors, such as typographical errors, may occur in these administrative data, but are not likely to be significant. All 46 47
@FedFRASER