Full text of The Employment Situation : September 1991
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Bureau of Labor Statistics Technical information: Media contact: United States Department of Labor Washington, D.C. 20212 (202) 523-1371 523-1944 523-1959 523-1913 USDL 91-498 TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL 8:30 A.M. (EOT), FRIDIAY, OCTOBER 4, 1991 THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: SEPTEMBER 1991 Both unemployment and payroll employment were little changed in September, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today- The unemployment rate was 6.7 percent; it had been 6.8 percent in both July and August. Payroll eirployment, as measured by the business survey, was about unchanged in September and has shown little growth since May. While total employmentr as measured by the survey of households, showed an unusually large seasonally adjusted increase in September, this followed a large decline over the prior 2 months. Unemployment (Household Survey Data) Both the number of unemployed persons, 8.4 million, and the unemployment rate, 6.7 percent, were little changed in September after seasonal adjustment. The number of unemployed workers is 1.6 million above July 1990, when the recession began, and the jobless rate is 1.2 percentage points higher. (See table A-l.) Jobless rates for adult men (6.5 percent), whites (6.0 percent), and blacks (12.1 percent) were about the same as they had been in August, while rates for adult women (5.5 percent) and teenagers (18.0 percent) declined slightly. In contrast, the rate for Hispanics rose by 1.2 percentage points to 11.1 percent in September. (See tables A-l and A-2.) The number of unemployed persons who have lost their last jobs edged up over the month to 4.8 million; this was 1.7 million higher than in July 1990. Job losers now comprise 56.3 percent of the total unemployed, up from 46.5 percent in July 1990. (See table A-6.) Long-term unenployment (15 weeks and over) has held about steady in the past 2 months at a level (2.4 million) that is about 850,000 above the July 1990 figure. The average and the median duration of unemployment, at 14.0 and 7.5 weeks, respectively, were also considerably higher than at the onset of the recession. (See table A-5.) At 6.4 million, the number of persons employed part tiine involuntarily (often referred to as the partially unersployed) was up substantially in September and was 1.4 million above the July 1990 level. (See table A-3.) Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity seasonally adjusted Category : Quarterly averages I 1991 ; HOUSEBDID DKEA II Monthly data July I III : Aug.Sept. ;change 1991 1 Aug. ; Sept. i i Thousands of persons Civilian labor force.. ; 125,511; 125,242: 125,2141 124,904; 125,6071 703 I 116,958; 116,7641 116,712! 116,416! 117,165! 749 8,553! 8,477; 8,501; 8,488! 8,442; -46 Not in labor force.... : 64,012: 64,736: 64,625! 65,069! 64,515! -554 981! 1,075! N.A. ! N.A. ! N.A. ! N.A. Discouraged workers. ! t i i i ; Unemployment rates: ! All workers ! Adult men Adult women.. ! Teenagers White Black ! Hispanic origin... » • t i i i : I « i Percent of labor force i 6.8! 6.4! 5.7! 18.8! 6.01 12.9! 9.5! • i ESTABLISHMENT M I A * 6.8! 6.5! 5.5! 19.2! 6.1! 12.1! 10.2! « • i . 6.8! 6.5! 5.4! 20.6! 6.2! 11.8! 9.5! * 6.8! 6.5! 5.7! 19.0! 6.1! 12.3! 9.9! t i 6.7! 6.5! 5.5! 18.0! 6.0! 12.1! 11.1! i i -0.1 .0 -.2 -1.0 -.1 -.2 1.2 l i Thousands of jobs Nonfarm enployment.... 108,836!plO8,918; 108,859!plO8,936!plO8,960! Goods-producing 1/•• 23,811! p23,800! 23,798! p23,820! p23,783! Construction 4,704! p4,690! 4,695! p4,691! p4,685! 18,400! pl8,4l7! 18,402! pl8,436! pl8,414! Manufacturing Service-producing.1/! 85,025! p85,118! 85,061! p85,116! p85,177! Retail trade ! 19,336! P19,349! 19,347! P19,343! pl9,357! 28,644! p28,8ll! 28,733! p28,812! p28,888! Government ! 18,440; pl8,404; 18,420; pl8,409! pl8,382! • • • i i i , p24 p-37 p-6 p-22 p61 pl4 p76 p-27 , , Hours of work Average weekly hours: \ Total private \ Manufacturing ! Overtime , 34.3; 40.5: 3.5! p34.3: p40.9l p3.7! 34.1! 40.7! 3.7: p34.4! p41.0! P 3.8! 1/ Includes other industries, not shoi\7i separately. N.A.-not available. p34.5 pO.l p40.9 p-.l p3.7 P--1 - 3 Total Employment and the labor Force (Household Survey Data) Total employment was up by 750,000 in September/ after seasonal adjustment, following a decline of 470,000 over the prior 2 months* The number of employed persons is still about 715,000 lower than it was in July 1990- With the large over-the-month increase, the proportion of the working-age population with jobs (the employment-population ratio) rose three-tenths of a percentage point to 61.6 percent, still 1,1 points below the July 1990 figure. (See table A-l.) The labor force increased by 700,000 in September to 125-6 million/ about offsetting declines totaling 725,000 in July and August. Even with this development, remarkably little growth has occurred over the past year (625,000). The number of teenage workers has actually declined by 430,000 over the year, with the drop steaming both from a shrinking of their population and lower participation rates. Participation was also down over the year among adult men and was little changed among adult women. Discouraged Workers (Household Survey Data) The number of discouraged workers—persons who want to work but are not looking for jobs because they could not find any—increased by about 100,000 in the third quarter of 1991 to a seasonally adjusted level of 1.1 million, the highest level since the first quarter of 1987* This figure was about a quarter of a million higher than a year earlier but was still much lower than the levels attained in the 1981-82 recession. (See table A-ll.) Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data) Payroll employment changed little in September, following an increase of 77,000 in August. Offsetting movements among the major industries continued to limit job growth. September declines in the goods-producing sector and in state and local government largely offset gains in the private service-producing sector. Manufacturing jobs declined by 22,000 in September, following increases in the prior 2 months. Employment in most industries in both durable and nondurable goods either remained flat or declined slightly. The downward slide in the number of electronic equipment and aircraft manufacturing jobs continued, and employment in the food processing industry also decreased, returning to its June level. Elsewhere in the goods-producing sector, mining enployment declined by 9,000, following a similar decrease in August. The number of construction jobs edged down as well. The private service-producing sector added 88,000 jobs in September, but government lost another 27,000, as cutbacks at state and local levels have begun to mount in recent months. Ernployment in the services industry increased by 76,000, marking the fifth consecutive month of growth. There was little growth in retail trade, which has edged up by 35,000 since April following recessionary losses totaling nearly 400,000. Very little enployment change took place elsewhere in the service-producing sector. - 4 Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data) The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls inched upward 0-1 hour in September to 34,5 hours. The overall workweek has risen by half an hour since April and is at about the same level as when the recession began. In manufacturing, the workweek edged down a tenth of an hour to 40.9 hours, still quite high by historical standards and 0.7 hour above the low of 40.2 hours reached in April. Overtime hours in manufacturing also slid back 0.1 hour in September to 3.7 hours. (See table B-2.) The index of aggregate weekly hours of private production or nonsupervisoiy workers increased by 0.5 percent to 122.1 (1982=100) in September, after seasonal adjustment. For manufacturing, the index was down 0.3 percent to 102.8, 4.3 percent below the level of July 1990 when the recession began. (See table B-5.) Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data) Average hourly earnings of private production or nonsupervisory workers were up by 0.2 percent in September, seasonally adjusted. Average weekly earnings increased by 0.5 percent. Prior to seasonal adjustment, average hourly earnings increased by 16 cents to $10.46, and average weekly earnings increased by $4.51 to $361.92. Over the year, average hourly earnings increased by 3.1 percent and average weekly earnings by 2.5 percent. (See tables B-3 and B-4.) The Employment Situation for October 1991 will be released on Friday, November 1, at 8:30 A.M. (EST). Explanatory Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households that is conducted by the Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides the information on the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies. The sample includes over 350,000 establishments employing over 41 million people. For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household survey* unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. The data in this release are affected by a number of technical factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each of these factors is explained below. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys The sample households in the household survey are selected so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. Those who hold more than one job are classified according to the job at which they worked the most hours. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether they were paid or not. People are also counted as employed if they were on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their eligibility for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the survey week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Persons laid off from their former jobs and awaiting recall and those expecting to report to a job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The civilian labor force equals the sum of the number employed and the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force. Table A-7 presents a special grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive definition yields U-l and the most comprehensive yields U-7. The civilian worker unemployment rate is U-5b, while U-5a» the overall unemployment rate, includes the resident Armed Forces in the labor force base. Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the payroll records of nonfarm firms. As a result, there are many differences between the two surveys, among which are the following: • The household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers; • The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed; the establishment survey does not; • The household survey is limited to those 16 years of age and older, the establishment survey is not limited by age; • The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance. Other differences between the two surveys are described in "Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from BLS upon request. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and .the opening and closing of schools. For example, the labor force increases by a large number each June, when schools close and many young people enter the job market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; over the course of a year, for example, seasonality may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. To return to the school's-out example, the large number of people entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal* adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity. Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and average hourly earnings include components based on the employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the components and combining them. The second procedure usually yields more accurate information and is therefore followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figure for the civilian labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted employment components and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and the unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of the civilian labor force. The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated twice a year. For the household survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June period and again for the JulyDecember period. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment are calculated for the May-October period and introduced along with new benchmarks, and again for the November-April period. In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year. Sampling variability Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the number of people employed and the other estimates drawn from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the amount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the chances are approximately 68 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than the standard error from the results of a complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than 1.6 times the standard error from the results of a complete census. At approximately the 90percent level of confidence-the confidence limits used by BLS in its analyses-the error for the monthly change in total employment is on the order of plus or minus 358,000; for total unemployment it is 224,000; and, for the civilian worker unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage points. These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes but, rather, that the chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that the "true" level or rate would not be expected to differ from the estimates by more than these amounts. Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the data are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the estimate of the size of the labor force is subject to less error than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate of adult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly change in the jobless rate for men is 25 percentage point; for teenagers, it is 1.29 percentage points. In the establishment survey, estimates for the most current 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are revised In other words, data for the month of September are published in preliminary form in October and November and in final form in December. To remove errors that build up over time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to establish new benchmarks-comprehensive counts of employment-against which month-to-month changes can be measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries and allow for the formation of new establishments. Additional statistics and other Information In order to provide a broad view of the nation's employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide variety of data in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $9.50 per issue or $29.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20204. A check or money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders. Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of the standard errors for the household survey data published in this release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, the standard errors appear in tables B through J of its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P, and Q of that publication. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sax and age (Numbers In thousands) Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age Sept. 1990 Aug. 1991 Sept. 1991 Sept. 1990 May 1991 June 1991 July 1991 Aug. 1991 Sept. 1991 188/01 124.779 66.2 117,961 62.6 3.289 114,672 6,818 6.5 63622 189,973 126.097 66.4 117,859 62.0 3.607 114,253 8.237 6.5 63.877 190.122 125.405 66.0 117,335 61.7 3,425 113,910 6,070 6.4 64,717 188,401 124,970 66.3 117,883 62.6 3,194 114,689 7,087 5.7 63.431 189,522 125^32 66.1 116,591 61.5 3,272 113.319 8,640 6.9 64291 189.668 125.629 116,884 61.6 3.308 113.576 8.745 7.0 64,039 189,839 125214 66.0 116.712 61.5 3,239 113/74 8,501 6.8 64.625 169.973 124.904 65.7 116/16 61.3 3.266 113,150 8.488 6.8 66.069 190,122 125,607 66.1 117,165 61.6 3,306 113.859 8.442 6.7 64,515 69,830 68,128 75.8 64.612 71.9 3.516 52 90.658 69,100 762 64.698 71.4 4/02 89.830 68.373 76.1 64/12 71.7 3.961 5.8 90/17 68.401 75.7 63.443 702 4,957 7.2 90/94 68,448 75.6 63.405 70.1 5,043 7/ 90,592 6/ 90,736 68/81 75.5 64,069 70.6 4/12 6.4 75.5 63,389 70.0 5,001 7.3 90,658 68,210 752 63,328 69.9 4,882 72 90,736 68,812 75.8 63,836 70/ 4,976 72 82,940 64,576 77.9 61,651 74.3 2,387 59,264 2,925 4.5 83.940 65,031 77.5 61,261 73.0 2,547 58,714 3.770 5.6 84,023 65.087 77.5 61,338 73.0 2,520 58.818 3.749 5.8 82.940 64.572 77.9 61.248 73.8 2.299 58,949 63,636 64.741 77/ 60,556 72/ 2.368 58.188 4.164 6.5 63,748 64,897 77.5 60,625 72/ 2.438 58,187 4272 6.6 83.865 64,934 77.4 60,683 72/ 2.381 56,302 4,251 6.5 83,940 64,830 772 60,613 722 2.365 56248 4217 8.5 84,023 65,155 77.5 60,890 72.5 2/23 58.467 4265 6.5 96.571 56.651 57.5 53,350 54.1 3.302 5.8 99,315 56.996 57/ 53,161 53.5 3,835 6.7 99.386 56.924 57.3 53,266 53.6 3.659 98,571 56.597 67/ 53/71 99,248 56.824 57.3 53,323 53.7 3.500 62 99.386 56.796 57.1 53.330 53.7 3.126 5.5 99.174 57,181 57.7 53/79 53.9 3.702 6.5 99,315 56.694 57.1 53,088 53.5 6/ 99.105 56.831 57.3 53.148 53.6 3,683 6.5 3.606 6/ 3/66 91.765 53.322 58.1 50.531 55,1 661 49.870 2,790 5.2 92,720 53.382 57.6 50.117 54.1 682 49,434 3,266 6.1 92,797 53,867 56.0 50,742 54.7 715 50.027 3,125 5.8 91.765 53,129 57.9 50,504 55.0 633 49,871 2.625 4.9 92/54 53/60 57.8 50,363 54.5 633 49.731 3.117 5.8 92.546 582 50,723 54.8 617 50.106 3.160 5.9 92.654 53,617 57.9 50.738 54.8 601 50.136 £879 5.4 02,720 53.616 57.8 50,575 54.5 642 49,933 3,041 5.7 02,797 53.596 57.8 50,656 54.6 679 49.977 2,940 5.5 13,696 6.882 50.2 5,779 422 242 5.537 1.103 16.0 13,313 7,683 57.7 6,482 48.7 377 6.105 1,202 15.6 13.302 6/51 48.5 5,255 39.5 190 5.064 1.196 18.5 13.696 7,269 53.1 6,131 44.8 262 5.869 1.138 15.7 13.432 7.011 522 5,672 422 271 5.401 1.339 19.1 13,374 6.B50 512 5.537 41/ 254 5283 1.313 192 13,320 6.662 50.0 5,291 39.7 256 5,035 1.371 20.6 13.313 6/58 48.5 5228 39.3 259 4,969 1230 19.0 13,302 6,856 51.5 5,619 422 204 5/15 1237 18.0 TOTAL CMIiannonlnstku * i population , Civilian labor foroe. Participation m e « Employed.. Em^oyrnent-population ratio. Agriculture . Nonagricultural Industries.».. Unempbyed ..... Unemployment rate. Not In labor force 662 Men, 16 year* and over CMlan noninstltutional populate Civilian labor force Participation rate ..... Errpbyedoyment-populatlon ratio., Urn Unemployment rate. Men, 20 yeara and over Ckflian nonlnstltutionai population ......... Civilian labor force... Participation m e . . Employed.. Employment-population ratio. Agriculture . Nonagricultural Industries. yed. Urv Unemployment rate . 5.1 Women, 16 yeara and over CMIannonhttkuttonal population Civilian labor force. Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratb. Unemployed . UnernployTnsnt rate. 542 6.1 Women, 20 yeara and over Civltan nonlnstkuUon Civilian labor force. Participation rate ...., Employed.. Ei i qjJoymertt*popul8tiort ratio Agriculture . Nonagricuttural Industrie^ Unempto Jnemployed ...... w w . Unenptoyrnentrate. Both eexee, 16 to 19 yeara CMItan noninstltutional population Civilian labor force. Participation rate. Employed m Ernplovrnent-population mio.. Agriculture . Nonagricultural Industries Unemployed Unemployment rate . 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore. Identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns, HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Tabl« A*2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sax, age, and Hispanic origin (Numbers In thousands) Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin Sept 1090 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 Sept 1990 May 1991 June 1991 July 1991 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 160,640 107,261 66.8 102.277 63.7 4,984 4.6 161.642 108,079 66.9 101.B05 63.0 6,273 5.8 161,738 107.414 160,640 107.391 66.9 102,192 161,449 107,745 66.7 101,046 62.6 6.699 62 161.558 107,382 66.5 100.760 624 6,622 62 161,642 107.090 5.199 43 161,357 107,491 66.6 100.944 62.6 6.547 6.1 6,480 6.1 161,738 107,618 66.5 101,112 62.5 6,505 6.0 Man, 20 years and ovar CrvHIan labor force.... Participation rate... Employed. Employment-population ratio.... Unemployed Urternployment rate 56.116 78.3 53.990 754 2,125 3.8 56.414 77.9 63.463 735 2,950 52 56,426 773 53,444 733 2,982 53 56.119 783 53,675 74.9 2.444 44 56.210 77.9 53.025 73.5 3.185 5.7 56.267 77.9 52,962 73.3 3,304 53 56.344 773 52.960 732 3.385 63 56,252 77.7 52.934 73.1 3.318 53 56.532 78.0 53.072 733 3.459 6.1 Woman, 20 years and ovar Civilian labor force. Participation rate Employed... ErTployrnent-pcoulattan ratio Unemployed „ ...... Unemployment rate „...............„—....... 45,166 57.9 43,155 55.3 2,011 4.5 45.061 42.611 542 2.450 54 45,401 57.7 43.121 543 2.280 5.0 44.984 57.7 43.101 553 1.883 42 45.242 57.7 42,932 54.7 2,310 5.1 45.572 58.0 43.213 55.0 2,360 52 45,316 57.7 43.137 54.9 2.179 43 45254 57.6 42,998 54.7 2256 53 45,176 574 43,035 54.7 2.141 4.7 5.979 54.3 5.132 46.6 847 142 15.0 133 6.604 62.0 5,731 533 873 132 132 132 5,587 523 4,711 443 877 15.7 163 143 6288 57.1 5,416 492 872 133 153 12.6 6.039 563 4,987 463 1,052 174 193 154 5.906 553 4,871 45.6 1.035 17.5 193 143 6.722 53.7 4,663 43.7 1,059 183 20.0 163 5,584 523 4,678 433 906 162 163 153 5.910 553 5.005 47.1 905 153 164 14.1 21.361 13.425 623 11.655 55.5 1.569 11.7 21,655 13,629 62.9 11,971 553 1.658 122 21,683 13,685 63.1 12,055 553 1.630 113 21,361 13,476 63.1 11,869 553 1,607 11.9 21,569 13,472 62.5 11,727 544 1,745 133 21,595 13,613 63J0 11,837 543 1,777 13.1 21,631 13,516 62.5 11.922 55.1 1,595 113 21.655 13.454 62.1 11,796 543 1,658 123 21,683 13,737 634 12.080 55.7 1.657 12.1 Man, 20 yaars and ovar CfviHan labor force Participation rate Employed —— Enptcyment-population ratio ... Unemployed . .....— Unemployment rate 6.332 74.1 5.658 66.3 674 10.6 6,340 72.9 5,655 65.0 685 103 6.417 73.6 5.773 662 644 10.0 6,324 74.1 5,597 65.5 727 11.5 6,265 72.6 5,475 63.5 790 12.6 6,399 733 5.584 643 815 12.7 6.379 73.5 5.638 64.9 741 113 8.301 724 5.577 64.1 724 6.409 73.5' 5.716 65.6 693 103 Woman, 20 years and ovar Civilian labor force... Participation rate, Employed Employment-population ratio .... Unemployed . Unemployment rate .. - 6.362 59.5 5,682 532 680 10.7 6.458 594 5.764 53.1 694 10.7 6,574 604 5.855 533 719 10.9 6,362 59.5 5.716 53.5 646 102 6,459 69.7 5,755 532 705 10.9 6,483 593 5.768 532 715 6.418 592 5.813 533 605 94 6.485 59.7 5,818 53.5 669 103 6.576 604 5,896 542 680 103 731 342 515 24.1 215 29.5 30.5 264 832 39.7 553 264 278 33.5 303 373 694 332 427 204 267 383 40.6 35.7 790 373 556 263 234 29.6 314 27.6 747 35.1 497 233 250 333 36.7 30.1 732 343 485 233 247 33.7 374 283 719 343 470 224 249 34.6 313 374 313 403 193 265 39.7 375 423 752 36.0 468 224 284 37.8 403 333 WHITE CIvfKart nonlnstltutionaJ population Civilian labor force Participation rate ................... Employed Employment-population ratio Unemployed Unemployment rate . Both sexes, 16 t o 19 years Civilian tabor force Partlctxtbn rate Employed. Errptoyrnem-populatlon ratio.. Unemployed Unemployment rate . 673 664 101,276 62.6 6.138 5.7 633 663 100,610 622 BLACK CIviKan noninstftutJona) population Civilian labor force Participation rate Errployed — Employment-population ratio Unemployed Unemployrnem rate — „ Both sexes, 16 t o 19 ysars Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed .. Employment-population ratio., Unemployed ..„ Unemployment rate ~ Women" "™1!!™Z™Z See footnotes at end of table. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin Sept 1990 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 Sept 1990 May 1991 June 1991 July 1991 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 14,396 9.629 665 8.852 61.5 777 8.1 14.829 9.933 67.0 8,945 60.3 988 9.9 14.869 9.846 662 8,808 592 1,038 10.5 14,396 9,632 66.9 8,809 612 823 8.5 14.711 9,695 65.9 8,756 59.5 939 9.7 14.751 9.737 66.0 8.781 59.5 956 9.6 14.790 9,834 66.S 8,903 602 931 9.5 14,829 9,747 65.7 8,778 592 969 9.9 14,869 9.863 66.3 8,764 58.9 1,098 11.1 HISPANIC ORIGIN • Civilian nonlnstftutiona) population Civilian labor force - « Errployed Employment-population ratio Unemployed .... Unemployment rate ......... »«» ...... - - ....... - 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonaJ variation; therefore. Identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Detail lor the above race and Hispanic-origin groups wfll not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanlcs are included in both the white and black population groups. Table A-3. Selected •mployment Indicators (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Category 1991 Sept 1991 Sept 1990 May 1991 June 1991 July 1991 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 117,859 40,502 29,347 6,402 117,335 40.753 29,933 6.554 117.883 40,833 29.797 6,376 116,591 40280 29,608 6350 116,884 40.337 29,877 6520 116.712 40.503 29.993 6489 116.416 40.462 29,915 6467 117,165 40.510 29,843 6 574 30,558 36,358 15,719 13,626 18.047 3.654 30.441 36,091 16,337 13.35] 17,615 4,024 30,965 35.879 15.946 13.084 17.793 3.668 30,572 36.541 15.889 13,604 17,814 3,449 30,908 36,233 15,793 13,181 17,188 3.451 30,842 36283 16,142 13.207 16,974 3,502 30,926 35.891 16,138 13.057 17,184 3,540 30,850 35,876 15,939 13.102 17,121 3.466 31,002 36,096 16.075 13.045 17.509 3.451 1.822 1,364 103 1.920 1.555 132 1.807 1,510 109 1.752 1293 108 1,703 1.421 117 1.748 1,431 115 1.678 1,497 120 1,704 1.480 102 1.746 1.431 116 105.612 17,467 88.146 1,026 .......... 87,120 8.810 „ 250 105,099 17281 87.818 1,157 86.661 8,949 204 104,727 17,847 86.880 982 85.898 8.980 203 105,686 17.597 88.089 1.067 87.022 8,809 238 104,613 17,904 86,709 934 85,775 8,732 206 104.345 17.898 86,447 1,005 85,441 8.968 260 104.422 17.969 66,453 1,113 85,340 8.860 229 104.122 17.908 86.214 1.058 85.156 8.817 212 104,744 17,955 86.789 1.013 85,775 8.980 195 Sept 1990 CHARACTERISTIC CJvilan employed, 16 years and over ................................... 117.961 41.083 Married men soouso oresont „„ . .m,............ 29.869 Married women, spouse present 6.350 Women who maintain families... . OCCUPATION ................... Managerial and profei skxtal specialty Technical, sales, and tdmjnistrative support...................... Service occupations . Precision production. (sraft.and repair „ .. Operators, fabricators and laborers « « Farming, forestry, and fishing INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture: Wage and salary woi Ken Self•employed worksfS Unpaid family workeri ..,.,„, NortagricukuraJ Indus! rfes: Wage and salary wot k*nj „ Government Private Industries.. Private household*I...... „„»* Other industries.. Self-employed worksft ...„, Unpaid family worker% „,„„ , „.......„„..„............ i , .*......... „„......„......„.. w „ PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1 1 Al industries: Part time tor economte reasons „ „ Slack work Could only find part -time work ,.»!!!Z.Z""ZZ!L Voluntary part time . 4,941 2.386 2.245 15.482 6.187 2.919 2,863 12.152 5.941 3.048 2,545 15.317 5.301 2,658 2.408 15250 5.932 3.138 2.556 14,876 5,705 3.146 2.325 15.598 5,881 3.091 2.505 15.208 5.892 3,073 2,621 15.040 6,374 3.417 2.728 15.046 Nonagricukural Industries: Part time for economic reasons Slack work ..... Could only find part-time work Voluntary part time M 4,660 2.203 2.157 15.036 5.869 2.733 2.771 11,673 5.615 2.629 2,445 14,827 5,051 2.482 2.333 14,823 5,702 2,971 2.463 14,377 5.425 2.964 2229 15.168 5,605 2,915 2,435 14.737 5.643 2.886 2.533 14,591 6.130 3.207 2,638 14,579 „ ™ _ „ Excludes persons "with a job but not at work' during the survey period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Tabfo A-4. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Category Unemployment rates1 Sept 1990 May 1991 June 1991 July 1991 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 8,442 4,265 2.940 1.237 5.7 5.1 4.9 15.7 6.9 6.5 5.8 19.1 7.0 6.6 5.9 6.8 6.5 54 20.6 6.8 6.5 5.7 19.0 6.7 6.5 5.5 18.0 1.823 1,379 688 1,889 1,418 639 3.5 3.9 8.7 4.4 4.6 9.1 4.7 4.7 9.2 4.3 4.3 8.3 4.3 4.4 9.6 4.5 4.5 8.9 5,736 1,294 6.994 1.472 6,892 1.492 5.4 72. 6.4 6.5 9.0 7.7 6.6 8.6 7.6 6.5 8.3 7.5 6.5 8.2 7.6 6.4 8.3 7.7 705 1,654 946 1,591 228 937 1,908 1.191 1.933 307 891 1.921 1.138 1,880 304 2.3 4.3 6.5 8.2 6.2 3.0 5.3 8.0 10.2 7.1 2.8 5.2 7.8 11.5 7.6 2.9 4.9 8.5 10.6 6.7 2.9 5.1 8.3 10.1 8.1 2.8 5.1 8.0 9.7 8.1 5,466 2.036 27 751 1,258 776 483 3.430 258 1.568 1,604 511 179 6.517 2.500 58 919 1.523 917 606 4.017 343 1,772 1,902 604 231 6.461 £459 85 956 1.419 838 581 4,001 313 1,851 1,837 638 214 5.8 7.1 3.8 12.0 5.8 6.0 5.4 5.3 3.9 6.6 4.7 2.8 9.3 72 9.0 6.4 14.7 7.4 7.7 7.0 6.4 5.5 7.7 5.7 3.2 11.2 7.4 9.7 8.5 15.6 8.2 8.4 7.9 6.3 5.4 7.6 5.7 2.8 122 7.1 9.1 8.7 16.7 7.0 7.1 6.9 6.2 5.1 8.1 5.1 2.8 11.5 7.0 8.9 7.5 15.1 72 7.4 6.9 6.2 5.1 7.6 5.5 3.3 11.9 6.9 8.7 11 1 15.7 6.6 6.7 6.6 6.2 4.7 7.8 5.3 3.4 10.9 Sept 1990 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 7,087 3,324 2,625 1.138 8,488 4,217 3,041 1.230 Married men, spouse present .................... Married women, spouse present .........•*............•••..•.. • Women who maintain families - 1,469 1.225 610 Full-time workers ....... Part-time workers Labor force time tost2 ... CHARACTERISTIC Total, 16 yearsfindover ..................................I.. Man, 20 years and over — « Women. 20 years and over Both sexes. 16 to 19 years . » ...... .. OCCUPATION3 Managerial and professional specialty ~ Technical, sales, and administrative support Precision production, craft, and repair Operators, fabricators, and laborers Farming, forestry, and fishing ......................................... INDUSTRY Nonagricultura> private wage and salary workers Goods-producing industries Mining ....... « Construction *............ Manufacturinfl ••>...... mi ,, nm ,.. n , m nnmi Durable goods .............................................................. Service-producing Industries .. Transportation and public utKlties Wholesale and retail trade Finance and service industries Government workers „ ...—........ Agricultural wage and salary workers —.................—......... 1 available because the seasonal components are small relatfee to the trend-cycle and/or Irregular components and consequently cannot be separated wtth sufficient precision. Unemployment as a percent of the dvilian labor force. Aggregate hours tost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available tabor force hours. 3 Seasonafty adjusted unemployment data for service occupations are not 2 Table A-5. Duration of unemployment (Numbers In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Weeks of unemployment Sept 1990 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 Sept 1990 May 1991 June 1991 July 1991 1991 Sept 1991 3,230 2,112 1.476 755 721 3,307 2,743 2,188 1,014 1,174 3,452 2,433 2.185 1.087 1.098 3.087 2,452 1.605 861 744 3,654 2,717 Z234 1,206 1,028 3.427 2,862 2.673 1.411 1.162 3,368 2.722 2,348 1.215 1.132 3,385 2.602 2.396 1.221 1.175 3.322 2.832 2.362 1,224 1.138 12.2 5.1 13.9 7.1 13.9 6.3 12.4 6.1 12.9 6.5 14.2 6.9 13.9 6.6 14.0 72 14.0 7.5 100.0 47.4 31.0 21.6 11.1 10.6 100.0 40.1 33.3 26.6 12.3 14.2 100.0 42.8 30.2 27.1 13.5 13.6 100.0 43.2 34.3 22.5 12.1 10.4 100.0 42.5 31.6 26.0 14.0 11.9 100.0 38.7 32.3 29.0 15.9 13.1 100.0 39.9 32.3 27.8 14.4 13.4 100.0 40.4 31.0 28.6 14.6 14.0 100.0 39.0 33.3 27.7 14.4 13.4 DURATION Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 15 weeks and over 15 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over - « ....... - . Average (mean) duration. In weeks Median duration, In weeks ..... - „ » PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total .unemployed Less than 5 weeks ...... 5 to 14 weeks 15 weeks and ovef 15 to 26 weeks -.! 27 weeks and over ....... "". » „ ... - . HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Reason for unemployment (Nurnbers In thousands) Seasonally adjusted Not seasonally adjusted Reason Sept 1990 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 Sept 1990 May 1991 June 1991 July 1991 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 3,097 826 2,271 1,055 2,074 591 4,320 1,061 3,259 963 2.180 775 4,196 831 i!026 2.142 706 3,519 1,111 2.408 954 1,952 663 4,657 1,343 3.314 1.053 2,202 779 4,869 1.389 3,481 1,090 2.143 741 4,596 1,188 3,408 990 2,047 821 4,665 1.281 3,384 883 2.112 762 4.801 1.129 3,672 929 2.017 782 100.0 45.4 12.1 33.3 15.5 30.4 87 100.0 52.4 12.9 39.6 11.7 26.5 9.4 100.0 52.0 10.3 41.7 12.7 26.5 8.7 100.0 49.6 15.7 34.0 13.5 27.5 9.4 100.0 53.6 15.5 38.1 12.1 25.3 9.0 100.0 55.1 15.7 394 12.3 24.2 8.4 100.0 54.4 14.1 40.3 11.7 24.2 9.7 100.0 55.4 15.2 402 10.5 25.1 9.0 100.0 56.3 13.2 43.1 10.9 23.6 9.2 2.5 .8 1.7 .5 3.4 .8 1.7 .6 3.3 2.8 .8 1.6 .5 3.7 .8 1.8 .6 3.9 .9 1.7 .6 3.7 .8 1.6 .7 3.7 .7 1.7 .6 3.8 .7 1.6 .6 NUMBER OP UNEMPLOYED Job losers • - On layoff »»....„.. .......... .«...«» «... Othtr lob losers ..«....„...««.....-.«.. Job leavers .„ ,.-««•..„ -.... Reentrants . .« ••«»• N e w entrants .,..,-........«........^»...............».—«.«........•"« PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Job losers On layoff Other job lotert jolj igcv^ni Reentrants • New entrants . ..........i -............«««-.... —•••« .......... . •• ............... „...„„,„,................................,...—.... . UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT Of THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Joblosen 1U11111 Jobleaven Roontrants „ ., ..... J New entrants ....—«......,.......—.»....«..........-.......».........-.».. .8 1.7 .6 Table A-7. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force, seasonally adjusted (Percent) Quarterly averages Measure III Monthly data 1991 1991 1990 IV 1 II III July Aug. Sept L M Parsons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the dvllan labor force 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 U-2 Job losers as a percent of the dvllan labor force 2.7 3.0 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 5.3 5.5 54 5.3 5J 5.4 6.3 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 M 6.4 6.7 6.7 8.7 8.7 6.6 6.8 . U-3 Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the civilian labor force for persons 25 years and over............ ................. .................... 4.4 U-4 Unemployed ful-time Jobseekers as a percent of the ful-time cMlan labor force..._.«-............... « U-Se Total unemployed aa a percent of the labor forte, Inducing tfw reeident Armed Forces 5.7 5.5 U-5b Total unempJoyedee a percent of the civilian labor U-6 Total f uMJme Jobseekers plus 1/2 part-time Jobteetofs plus 1/2 total onparttimefofecofK)mteTW»ort$a«apwt»rto*th«cWftanlabor force less 1/2 of the part-time labor force . „ . 5.6 5.9 6.5 6.8 6.8 7.6 8.1 9.0 9.2 9.2 8.3 8.9 9.8 10.0 10.1 6.7 9.3 U-7 Total ful-tlme Jobseekars plus 1/2 part-time Jobseekers plus 1/2 total percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less 1/2 of the part-time labor force w * not available. NA NA NA HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Tabls A-8. Unemployed parsons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Sex and age Unemployment rates1 Sept 1990 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 Sept 1990 May 1991 June 1991 July 1991 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 7,087 2.426 1,138 506 654 1.288 4.652 4,136 514 8.488 2.678 1.230 555 667 1.448 5.765 5,107 645 8.442 2,725 1.237 549 711 1,486 5.720 5.135 589 5.7 11.5 15.7 18.4 14.5 9.3 4.5 4.7 3.3 6.9 13.8 19.1 20.4 18.9 11.2 5.5 5.7 4.1 7.0 13.8 19.2 20.2 18.6 11.1 5.6 5.8 4.5 6.8 14.3 20.6 24.0 18.0 11.2 5.3 5.6 4.0 6.8 13.4 19.0 22.0 16.8 10.7 5.5 5.7 42 6.7 135 18.0 20.5 17.0 10.8 5.4 5.7 3.8 16 to 24 years ....... 16 to 19 yean « -....« 16 to 17 years « 18 to 19 years » «.....„...........—..«»....«.....«...... 20 to 24 years „„.».»*»»........» ......................... 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over ~.... 3,961 1,319 637 273 375 682 2.616 2.284 337 4.882 1.508 665 296 369 843 3.330 2.894 427 4,976 1.607 711 300 418 896 3,345 2.979 366 5.8 11.9 16.8 18.9 16.0 9.4 4.6 4.7 3.8 7.2 14.5 21.1 21.2 21.7 11.2 5.8 6.1 4.7 7.4 15.1 21.7 20.5 22.3 11.9 5.9 5.9 4.7 7.3 154 21.7 24.1 19.2 12.5 5.7 6.0 4.7 12 14.2 19.7 22.9 17.6 11.6 5.8 5.9 5.0 12 14.6 194 21.5 18.6 12.2 5.8 6.1 42 Women. 16 years and over...» ......................._....„. 16 to 24 years —.....„!!........ w 16 to 19 years >.„ » 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years ......_..................H........ 25 years and over ....—..............................-.....••••......•.*......»« 25 to 54 years ..„!..» .. ...................... .......... 55 years and over ............................................... 3,126 1,107 501 233 279 606 2,038 1.852 177 3.606 1.171 565 259 298 606 2.435 2.212 217 3/66 1,118 526 249 293 592 2.375 2.155 223 5.5 11.0 14.4 17.8 12.9 9.2 4.4 4.6 2.7 6.5 13.1 16.9 19.5 15.8 11.1 5.1 5.4 3.3 6.5 12.4 16.4 19.9 14.6 10.3 5.3 5.5 42 6.2 13.0 19.4 23.9 16.7 9.8 4.8 5.0 3.1 6.4 12.5 184 20.9 16.0 9.6 5.1 54 3.3 6.1 11.7 164 19.5 15.2 9.3 5.0 5.3 3.3 TotaJ. 16 years and o v e r . . ............ 16 to 24 years .. ...,...».«..».......••••... ................. 16 to 19 years ............. « 16 to 17 years ............. .......................... « 18 to 19 years 2 0 t o 2 4 years .." 2 5 years and over — ...»••••.•...*....».....»..«•...•.••••••«••***•»••»•••»••»«•»•••• 2 5 to 54 yea's .................... ....... 5 5 years and over ....•••*........»»..... ...».................,»* MAfl 16 VA3K Bnd 0S/0T • ....... ............. Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. Table A-8. Employment status of mats Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted {Numbers in thousands) Civilian labor force Unemployed Chrtlan noninstttutional population Veteran status and age Employed TotaJ Number Sept 1990 Sept 1991 Sept 1990 Sept 1991 Sept 1990 Sept 1991 7.668 6.507 1.360 3,265 1.882 1,161 7,805 6.441 1.109 3,031 2.301 1.364 7,010 6.166 1.295 3,096 1.775 844 7.120 6.096 1.040 2.902 2.153 1.025 6,742 5.916 1,216 2.975 1.725 825 6.762 5.777 957 £756 2.063 986 268 250 79 121 50 19 17.623 8,094 5.334 4.195 18.576 8.516 5,838 4,222 16.520 7.678 4.971 3,873 17.360 6,041 5,434 3.886 15,968 7,420 4.797 3.751 16.588 7.666 5,207 3,716 553 256 174 122 Sept 1990 Percent of labor force Sept 1991 Sept 1990 Sept 1991 358 319 83 146 90 39 3.8 4.0 6.1 3.9 2.8 22 5.0 52 8.0 5.0 42 3.8 772 375 227 170 3.3 3.3 3.5 32 44 4.7 42 44 VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS Total, 35 years and over 35 to 49 years 35 to 39 years 40to44 years .. 45to49 years „"". 50 years and over * ««...........", ...... - NONVETERANS Total, 35 to 49 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 49 years - NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served In the Armed Forces between August 5. 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data ato limited to those 35 to 49 years of age, the group that most dosefy corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A*10. Employment status of the civilian population for 11 large states (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted*> Not seasonally adjusted1 State and employment status Sept. 1990 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 Sept 1990 May 1991 June 1991 July 1991 Aug. 1991 Sept. 1991 22,039 14,608 13,761 846 5.8 22,486 15,024 13,942 1,082 7.2 22,528 14,969 13,846 1,123 7.5 22,039 14,634 13,764 870 5.9 22,363 14,655 13,530 1,125 7.7 22,403 14,753 13,545 1,208 8.2 22,447 14,725 13,609 1,116 7.6 22,486 14,885 13,796 1,089 7.3 22,528 15,006 13,853 1,153 77 10,169 6,419 6,024 395 6.2 10,384 6.556 6,010 546 8.3 10,404 6,473 5,954 519 8.0 10,169 6,420 6,030 390 6.1 10,324 6,405 5,927 478 7.5 10,344 6,396 5,918 478 7.5 10,365 6,413 5.913 500 7.8 10,384 6,480 5,956 524 8.1 101404 6,474 5,958 516 8.0 8,882 6,029 5,636 393 6.5 8,922 6,095 5,654 441 7.2 8,926 6,010 5,612 398 6.6 8,882 6,010 5,587 423 7.0 8,910 5,979 5,623 356 6.0 8,914 6,061 5,620 441 7.3 8,919 6,042 5,636 406 6.7 8,922 6,035 5.598 437 7.2 8,926 5,995 5,569 426 7.1 4,621 3,147 2,953 194 6.2 4,624 3,109 2,834 275 8.8 4,624 3,125 2,846 279 8.9 4,621 3,167 £966 201 6.3 4,623 3,130 2,828 302 9.6 4,623 3,105 2,810 295 9.5 4,624 3,099 2,818 281 9.1 4,624 3,047 2,768 279 9.2 4,624 3,141 2,853 288 9.2 7,003 4,579 4,265 315 6.9 7,019 4,532 4,138 393 8.7 7,020 4,510 4,093 417 9.2 7,003 4,570 4,238 332 7.3 7,014 4,545 4,110 435 9.6 7,015 4,552 4,138 414 9.1 7.018 4,446 4,075 371 8.3 7,019 4,428 4,026 402 9.1 7,020 4,502 4,065 437 9.7 6,027 4,041 3,838 203 50 6,025 4,076 3,817 258 63 6,025 4,018 3,777 241 60 6,027 4,075 3,862 213 52 6,025 3,985 3,716 269 68 6,025 4,058 3,789 269 66 6,026 4,054 3,800 254 63 6,025 4,033 3,764 269 67 6,025 4,047 3,795 252 62 13,801 8,671 8,198 473 5.5 13,801 8,614 7.993 621 7.2 13,802 8,557 7,975 582 6.8 13,801 8,711 8.237 474 5.4 13,799 8,712 8,071 641 7.4 13.800 8.642 7,978 664 7.7 13,802 8,511 7,909 602 7.1 13,801 8.536 7,894 642 7.5 13,802 8,601 8,016 585 6.8 California Civilian noninstitutional Dooulation Civilian labor fore© Employed Unemployed .. .... ... ... Unemployment rat© ; ..... . Florida Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Illinois Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Employed. . . . . „ . " Un employed Unemployment rate Massachusetts Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian tabor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Michigan Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate New Jersey Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate New York Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate See footnotes at end of table. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Employment status of the civilian population for 11 large states — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted2 Not seasonally adjusted1 State and employment status Sept 1990 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 Sept 1990 May 1991 June 1991 July 1991 Aug. 1991 Sept 1991 5,012 3,397 3,286 110 3.3 5,069 3,514 3,322 192 5.5 5,075 3,530 3,342 187 5.3 5.012 3.413 3,282 131 3.8 5,053 3,412 3,183 229 6.7 5.058 3,443 3,230 213 6.2 5,064 3,426 3,214 212 6.2 5,069 3,476 3,272 204 5.9 5,075 3,545 3,336 209 5.9 8,290 5,436 5,177 259 4.8 8.314 5.429 5.102 327 6.0 8,316 5,435 5,126 309 5.7 8,290 5,447 5,156 291 5.3 8.306 5,467 5,163 304 5.6 8,309 5.447 5,100 347 6.4 8,312 5,497 5,119 378 6.9 8.314 5,373 5.008 365 6.8 8.316 5,443 5,095 348 6.4 9,393 5,858 5,561 297 9,419 5,915 5,542 373 6.3 9,393 5.870 5,549 321 5.5 9,409 5.969 5.510 459 7.7 9,411 5.940 5,543 397 6.7 9,415 5,952 5,534 418 7.0 9,416 5,908 5.475 433 7.3 9,419 5,921 5,520 5.1 9,416 5,950 5,566 384 6.5 12,404 8,491 7,965 526 6.2 12.551 8,545 8.005 541 6.3 12.565 8.525 7.978 547 6.4 12,404 8,474 7,940 534 6.3 12,509 8,546 8.000 546 6.4 12,523 8,543 8,061 482 5.6 12.538 8,619 8,038 581 6.7 12,551 8,467 7,920 547 6.5 12,565 6,515 7,956 559 6.6 North Carolina Civilian noninstHutional population ... Civilian labor fore© Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate .. Ohio Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed , Unemployment rate ..... Pennsylvania Civilian noninstitutional population ., Civilian labor force. Employed Unemployed . Unemployment rate . 401 6.8 Texas Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force... Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate 1 These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used in the administration of Federal fund allocation programs. 2 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore. identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted columns. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Parsons not in the labor forca by reason, tax. and race, quartarty averages (In thousands) Seasonally adjusted Not seasonally adjusted Reason, sex, and race 1990 1991 62.370 63.702 63,471 63,772 64,099 64,012 64.736 57,297 4,336 5,075 23,655 18,751 5/179 58,193 4,432 5.008 23.322 19.628 5,803 58.248 6,927 5,099 23.619 18,542 4.061 58,168 6.707 5,115 23.562 18,598 4,206 58,404 6,614 4.963 23.117 19,110 4,600 58,637 6,837 4,856 23,440 19.013 4,491 59,022 7,001 5,026 23.308 19,400 4,287 5,073 850 857 1.362 641 522 319 1,163 5,509 927 1,007 1.269 1.076 689 386 1,210 5.356 1,410 876 1.229 831 519 312 1.010 5.530 1.393 947 1.150 941 588 353 1,100 5.728 1.432 1,029 1,201 997 657 340 1,069 5,519 1.371 870 1.148 981 711 270 1.148 5,846 1.525 1.023 1,157 1,075 692 382 1.066 Total, not In labor force. 20,784 21.506 21.597 21.505 21,909 21.953 22.191 Do not want a Job now. 19.062 19.554 19,674 19,567 19,673 20,015 20,136 1,722 419 448 394 463 1.952 425 530 478 518 1,951 713 436 395 407 1,927 629 453 383 462 2.151 769 552 405 425 2.007 640 422 430 514 £203 728 518 490 467 Total, not in labor force.. 41,586 42.196 41,875 42.267 42,190 42.059 42.545 Do not want a Job now. 3834 38.639 38,574 36.621 36.731 38.622 38,883 3.351 431 411 1,362 447 700 3.557 502 476 1.289 597 602 3,405 698 441 1.229 435 603 3.603 763 494 1.150 558 638 3,576 663 ATT 1.201 592 644 3.513 731 446 1.148 551 634 3,643 798 504 1,157 565 599 52.410 53,467 53.302 53.549 53,601 53.719 54.283 40.693 40,452 49,362 49.636 49,543 49.991 50,105 590 641 1,015 554 4,000 644 757 967 714 918 3,909 983 664 904 589 769 3,905 874 748 628 612 643 4,195 1,046 737 913 651 848 3,770 906 593 820 611 638 4,320 1,101 800 860 760 800 1990 1991 TOTAL Total not In labor forca.... Do not want a Job now... Current activity: Going to school. Ill, disabled...... Keeping house Retired Other activity .. Want a Job now. Reason not looking: School attendance.. Ill health, disability. Home responsbilties .. Think cannot get a Job. Job-market factors..... Personal (actors „ Other reasons1 Men Wantajobnow., Reason not looking: School attendance III health, disability. Think cannot get a Job. Other reasons1 .... Women Want a Job now., Reason not looking: School attendance... Ill health. disabWy .. Home responsblltiei Think cannot get a Job. Other reasons.. White Total, not In labor force., Do not want a Job now... Wantajobnow Reason not looking: Sc* olattendanc niheaJth. disability Homeresponsbilties . Think cannot get a Job . Other reasons1 Black Total, not intaborforce.. 7,736 7.917 7,911 7.906 7.962 7,963 8,067 Do not want a Job now. 6,578 6,676 8,705 6,469 6.693 6,533 6.825 Want a Job now., 1,158 204 187 320 244 203 1,241 238 219 250 309 226 1,239 340 181 310 203 205 1.408 440 183 303 265 217 1.267 314 233 277 269 174 1,494 377 248 274 344 251 1,379 417 209 237 265 252 Reason not looking: School attendance.. Ill heakh. disability . Home responsWlttes . Think cannot get a Job . Other reasons1 1 Includes *mal number of men not looking for work because of "home responsjblitiee.- NOTE: Detail may not add to not-in-labor force totals because of the weighting procedures. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-l. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry (In thousands) Seasonally adjusted Not seasonally adjusted Industry Sept. 1990 July 1991 Sept. Aug. 1991fi/ 1991 Sept. 1990 May 1991 June 1991 July 1991 Aug. 1991p/ Sept. 1991p/ 110,475 108,607 108,655 109,317 110*113 108,887 108*885 108*859 108,936 108*960 92,41; 91*145 91,389 91,194 91,785 90,447 90*429 90*439 90,527 90*578 25,277 24,044 24,252 24,192 24,842 23,847 23,792 23,798 23,820 23*785 704 720 710 711 706 704 693 701 684 693 Mining 398.; 396 398.7 394 394.4 386.8 398 399 390 385 Oil and gas extraction. 4,97; 5,55' 5*001 4,933 5,088 4,710 4,715 4,695 4,691 4*685 Construction 1,346. 1,230. 1,235.1 1,205.1 1,177 1,294 1*172 1,170 1,166 1*158 General building contractors. 19,198 18,362 18*547 18,566 19,043 18,426 18*378 18,402 18,436 18,414 Manufacturing.. 13,071 12*384 12,571 12,605 12*920 12*429 12,410 12,448 12,479 12,454 Production workers. 11,103 10,511 10,564 10,588 11,049 10,575 10,534 10,546 10*552 10*537 Durable goods •.. 7,379 6,922 6*983 7,019 6,964 6*943 6,971 7,322 6,982 6*964 Production workers 751.2 714 713.2 716.7 Lumber and wood products 733 697 696 699 699 696 483. 509.8 468 480.0 Furniture and fixtures 508 483 483 481 478 481 531. 528 532.6 561.8 Stone, clay, and glass products 552 519 518 523 520 523 715 723.8 723. Primary metal industries 756.5 754 721 718 721 723 721 261 261. 260 Blast furnaces and basic steel products 275.2 275 260 261 260 260 262 Fabricated metal products. 1*429.0 1,348. 1*359.0 1,368. 1,358 1*421 1,354 1,359 1,362 1,360 1,972. Industrial machinery and equipment 2,071.6 1,978 1,970 1,990 2,079 2,003 1,984 1,979 1,981 Electronic and'other electrical equipment 1*660.2 1,582. 1,587.7 1,584. 1,657 1,599 1*594 1,589 1,586 1,581 Transportation equipment. 1*983.2 1,847. 1,856.9 1,873. 1,971 1,863 1*845 1,861 1,868 1,862 804. _ 778. Motor vehicles and equipment. 822.0 788.1 810 780 770 791 795 792 966.3 968. Instruments and related products 996.9 967.9 998 973 969 968 966 967 371.3 359. 382,3 368.1 Miscellaneous manufacturing 376 363 363 367 365 365 7,851 7*983 8,095 7,978 Nondurable goods 7,994 7,844 7,851 7,856 7,884 7,877 5,462 5*588 5,692 5,586 5,598 5,465 5,467 5,477 5,497 5,490 Production workers 1*752.5 1*698.2 1*762.2 1,759.6 Food and kindred products 1,670 1,677 1*677 1,660 1*681 1,676 51.8 45.3 50.5 49 Tobacco products 49 48 48 50 49 48 690.4 662.5 675.6 Textile mill products 673.9 685 665 665 671 671 671 Apparel and other textile products* , 1*045.5 1,002.2 1*032.0 1*036.9 1*039 1,013 1*017 1*051 1,032 1*031 693.5 697 694 ~ Paper and allied products , 701.8 700 690 687 692 689 693 Printing and publishing. 1,523.8 1*568.1 1,529.0 1,527 1,575 1,540 1,531 1,532 1,532 1,530 Chemicals and allied products 1*097.2 1*091.2 1*095. 1*090.5 1,096 1,086 1*086 1,088 1,084 1,089 Petroleum and coal products. 162.9 160.8 160.3 158 162.8 159 159 159 159 159 860.4 864.7 895.1 892 854 848.8 854 860 Rubber and misc. plastics products 857 861 121.8 121.2 132.2 130 119 117.2 120 120 123 119 Leather and leather products. 85*201 84,563 84,403 85,125 85,271 85,040 85,093 85*061 85,116 85,177 Service-producing industries. 5*901 5*867 Transportation and public utilities 5,811 5,820 5,854 5,809 5,819 5*809 5,818 5*819 3*626 3,532 3,611 3,545 3,581 3,546 Transportation 3*556 3,550 3,563 3*565 2,279 2,275 2,256 2,275 2,273 2,263 Communications and public utilities 2*263 2,259 2,255 2,254 6,103 6*220 6,204 Wholesale trade. 6,065 6,084 6*085 6,068 6,064 6,049 6,047 3,622 3*530 3,492 3,624 Durable goods 3,517 3*528 3,517 3,509 3,500 3,492 2*573 2,573 Nondurable goods 2*567 2,580 2.557 2,551 2,555 2,549 2*555 2*598 19,742 19,444 19*478 19*396 19,698 19,339 19,345 19,347 19,345 19*357 Retail trade 2,472.0 2*295.4 2,308.5 2,312.4 General merchandise stores 2*511 2,356 2,358 2,347 2,351 2*348 3*230.5 3,245.3 3*229.0 3*218.9 Food stores 3*239 3,225 3*229 3*232 3,226 3,229 2*099.5 2*064.2 2,058.9 Automotive dealers and service stations. 2,064.3 2,082 2,031 2,034 2,038 2,038 2,041 6*713.2 6*742.3 6,759.9 6,706.8 6,577 Eating and drinking Places 6,571 6,571 6*578 6*569 6,575 6,780 6*764 Finance, insurance, and real estate. 6,699 6,770 6,750 6,712 6*703 6,688 6,685 6,684 3,304 Finance 3*303 3,275 3,302 3,306 5,287 3,281 3,275 3*276 3,278 2,135 2,117 Insurance 2*121 2*130 2,126 2,132 2,130 2*122 2,122 2,121 1,307 1,341 Real estate * 1,338 1,318 1,293 1*292 1*340 1*291 1,287 1*285 Total. Total private Ooods-producing industries. Services Business service Health services. Government Federal State Local * preliminary. 28*508 28*963 28*985 28,975 5*365.1 5,312.0 5*369.8 5,599.3 ,925.7 8,281.6 8*314.0 8*327.4 18*066 17,462 2.987 3,002 4*262 4*108 10,8171 10*552 17,266 2,997 4*098 10,171 18,123 2,975 4*261 10*887 28*437 5,291 7,929 28,645 5,278 8,165 28,712 5*280 8*206 28,733 5,280 4*249 28,812 28,888 5,311 5,320 8,2891 8*327 18,328 2,994 4,328 11,006 18,440 2*952 4,348 11*140 18*456 2,971 4,359 11,126 18,420 2*963 4,338 11,119 18,409 18,382 2*973! 2*981 4,332 4,326 11,1041 11*075 ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers!/ on private nonfarm payrolls by industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Industry Sept. 1990 Total private. July 1991 Aug. 1991fi/ Sept 1991J2/ Sept. 1990 May 1991 June 1991 July 1991 Aug. 199l£/ Sept. 1991 £ / 34 .8 34 .5 34.7 34 .6 34.6 34 .3 34.6 34.1 34.4 34.5 45 .1 43 .6 44.6 44 .9 44.7 44 .9 45.0 43.9 44.6 44.2 Construction. 39 .1 38 .6 38.8 39 .1 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Manufacturing Overtime hours. Durable goods Overtime hours. Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone/ clay* and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products. Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment. Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 41 .3 4 .1 40 .4 3 .6 40.9 3.9 41 .3 4 .1 40.9 3.7 40 .4 3 4 40.8 3.7 40.7 3.7 41.0 3.8 40.9 3.7 41 .8 4 .1 40 .7 3 .5 41.2 3.8 41 .8 4 .0 41.5 3.8 40 8 3 3 41.3 3.7 41.2 3.7 41.5 3.8 41.4 3.6 40 .9 39 .8 42 .7 43 .2 43 .9 41 .8 42 .2 41 .2 42 .9 44 .0 41 .3 39 .9 39 .8 38 .7 42 .0 42 .3 43 .1 40 .6 41 .2 40 .0 41 .7 42 .6 40 .1 38 8 40.6 39.6 42.2 42.6 43.5 41.4 41.6 40.5 41.8 42.4 40.7 40.0 40 .9 40 .0 42 .6 42 .9 43 .3 41 .9 42 .1 40 9 42 7 43 5 41 2 40 3 40.7 39.2 42.2 43.0 43.7 41.6 42.1 41.1 42.8 43.1 41.3 39.9 39 38 41 41 41 40 41 40 41 7 9 5 6 8 8 6 2 41 5 40 8 39 3 40.6 39.3 42.0 42.3 42.6 41.2 41.8 40.7 42.1 42.9 41.0 39.7 40.0 39.2 41.9 42.6 43.1 41.3 41.6 40.7 42.3 43.6 40.6 39.6 40.2 39.2 41.6 43.0 43.9 41.6 42.1 40.8 42.4 43.2 41.0 40.0 40.5 39.2 42.0 42.6 43.0 41.6 41.9 40.6 42.2 42.5 41.2 40.2 40 6 4 1 39 9 3 7 40.5 4.0 40 7 40.2 3.6 39 9 3. 5 40.1 3.7 40.1 3.7 40.4 3.8 40.3 3.7 41 9 40 9 40 4 36 7 43 7 1 38. 5 42. 7 45. 3 41. 6 37. 5 40 4 38 4 40 6 36 8 43 2 37. 3 42. 3 43. 9 40. 5 37. 7 41.1 38.9 41.8 37.4 43.3 38.1 42.7 43.7 41.3 37.7 41.2 (2) 39.9 36.6 43.2 38.0 42.7 (2) 41.4 37.5 40. 3 C2] 40. 2 36.7 43. 0 37. 5 42. 5 (2) 40. 9 37. 2 40.4 40.4 (2) 41.0 37.0 43.5 37.6 42.6 40.5 40.8 36.9 43.2 37.8 42.8 40.3 (2) 41.4 37.4 43.5 37.7 43.1 (2) 41.3 37.6 Mining Nondurable goods Overtime hours Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products I 4 2 41 1 39 8 41 9 37 6 43. 9 38. 2 43. 1 44. 7 41. 6 37.8 2 (2) (2) 41.1 37.6 (2) 41.1 37.7 41.4 37.3 43.5 37.9 43.2 (2) 41.5 37.2 C2) Transportation and public utilities. 39. 2 38. 9 38.9 39. 1 39.1 38.8 38.9 38.4 38.7 38.9 Wholesale trade 38. 3 38. 1 38.2 58. 4 38.2 38.2 38.4 37.9 38.2 38.2 28.7 Retail trade 28. 9 29. 3 29.3 28. 7 28.9 28. 7 28.9 28.4 28.6 Finance, insurance, and real estate. 36. 1 35. 6 35.7 36. 2 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) services. 32. 7 32. 6 32.6 32.8 32. 5 32.7 32.2 32.4 32.6 1/ Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance* insurance* and real estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private nonfarm payrolls. I 32.7 1 2/ These series are not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle anoVcr irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision. P = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers!/ on private nonfarm payrolls by industry Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings Industry Total private Aug. 1991fi/ Sept. 199l£/ $10.15 10.10 $10.30 10.36 $10.30 10.40 $10.46 10.42 13.86 14.20 14.20 14.38 625.09 619.12 633.32 645.66 13.97 13.97 14.02 14.13 546.23 539.24 543.98 552.48 451.41 453.29 457.26 465.04 480.28 376.69 343.47 479.52 564.19 657.62 457.71 503.87 428.89 613.47 652.96 472.89 343.94 480.67 371.73 339.79 479.64 568.51 668.48 455.94 501.40 430.80 621.75 662.00 469.57 342.60 484.92 379.61 349.67 481.50 571.27 670.77 464.92 504.61 436.59 619.89 649.99 476.19 353.60 495.33 384.46 354.80 488.62 576.58 665.09 473.47 514.04 442.13 639.65 675.12 484.10 359.48 413.71 399.73 651.13 326.84 245.16 543.19 438.90 582.43 742.92 410.59 260.63 417.75 398.75 703.10 335.76 249.87 552.10 428.58 598.97 740.59 409.46 267.67 422.01 403.60 647.69 349.45 254.69 551.21 440.82! 599.51 734.16 418.37 426.94 405.25 643.17 352.38 257.56 562.36 446.94 609.43 765.26 423.07 270.65 512.74 515.43 418.62 424.43 197.39 204.51 364.61 368.82 Mining Construction. 10.93 11.22 11.18 11.26 11.49 9.21 8.63 11.23 13.06 14.98 10.95 11.94 10.41 14.30 14.84 11.45 8.62 11.81 9.34 8.78 11.42 13.44 15.51 11.23 12.17 10.77 14.91 15.54 11.71 8.83 11.77 10.19 9.54 15.92 8.09 6.68 12.43 11.40 13.64 16.40 9.87 10.47 9.87 18.31 8.27 6.79 12.78 11.49 14.16 16.87 10.11 6.95 7.10 11.41 13.41 15.42 11.23 12.13 10.78 14.83 15.33 11.70 8.84 10.42 9.82 16.65 8.36 6.81 12.73 11.57 14.04 16.80 10.13 7.11 11.85 9.40 8.87 11.47 13.44 15.36 11.30 12.21 10.81 14.98 15.52 11.75 8.92 10.49 9.86 16.16 8.41 6.85 12.81 11.70 14^14 17.12 10.17 7.16 13.08 13.25 13.24 13.31 Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Hholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Services 1/ , • 9.35 8.83 10.93 11.14 11.13 11.24 6.83 6.98 6.97 7.07 10.10 9.95 10.36 10.13 10.36 10.14 See footnote 1, table B-2. 10.52 10.35 $353.22 $355.35 $357.41 $361.9? 349.46 353.28 357.76 359.49 325.37 330.24 268.05 515.04 425.17 204.22 369.85 331.58 P = preliminary. Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workersl/ °n private nonfarm m payrolls by industry, seasonally adjusted Industry Total privatet Current dollars Constant (1982) dollars*/ Mining Construction Manufacturing Excluding overtime^/ Transportation and public utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance* insurance* and real estate Servi ces Sept* 199l£/ July 1991 Seasonally adjusted Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay* and glass products Primary metal industries....; Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products Aug. 1991p/ July 1991 Sept. 1990 Sept. 1990 Sept. 1990 May 1991 June 1991 July 1991 $10.10 7.48 13.85 13.86 10.91 10.44 13.03 10.92 6.81 10.12 9.94 $10.32 7.47 14.13 14.00 11.15 10.70 13.24 11.12 6.98 10.35 10.24 $10.37 7.49 14.30 13.98 11.19 10.71 13.23 11.23 7.01 10.50 10.29 $10.36 7.47 14.24 14.01 11.22 10.74 13.26 11.14 7.03 10.40 10.25 1/ See footnote 1, table B~2. 2/ The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. £/ Change .was 0.3 percent from July 1991 to August 1991, the latest month available. Aug. 199l£/ Sept. 1991fi/ $10.40 7.49 14.31 14.06 11.26 10.76 13.28 11.21 7.04 10.46 10.29 $10.42 N.A. 14.37 14.02 11.24 10.75 13.26 11.23 7.05 10.54 10.34 Percent change from: Aug. 1991Sept. 1991 0.2 (3) .4 -.3 -.2 «.l -.2 .2 .1 .8 .5 £/ Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and oneN.A. = not available. £/ = preliminary. 520.42 431.62 202.91 380.82 337.41 ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory w o r k e r s i / on p r i v a t e nonfarm payrolls by industry (1982=100) Seasonally adjusted Not seasonally adjusted Industry Total private Goods-producing industries Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures *.. Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries *• Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products • Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 125.8 123.0 113.4 104.5 124.0 123.5 124.4 121.2 122.1 120.7 121.5 122.1 107.2 107.9 109.6 103.2 103.8 103.8 104.4 104.2 66.8 62.8 148.9 134.6 63.7 63.0 62.5 62.5 61.0 136.4 135.4 137.2 124.4 124.4 123.8 123.6 124.7 108.9 100.8 103.7 105.0 106.6 101.2 102.0 102.3 103.1 102.8 97.7 123.8 111.3 103.6 86.1 76.6 99.2 88.9 98.6 110.5 122.9 80.8 99 126. 117 105.4 88.1 77.6 102.2 101.6 127.0 119. 106, 88, 77, 104. 91. 101 115.7 130.1 102.1 105.3 98.4 99.4 99.6 129.4 119.7 122.4 121.3 123.2 115.6 117.1 115.5 109.2 100.4 101.6 101.6 93.0 85.8 86.7 87.8 82 74.7 75.7 76.2 107 100.4 101.6 102.1 96 90.5 91.2 90.3 105 101.1 101.3 101.4 119 109.5 111.0 113.9 130.4 118.6 121.8 128.6 86.5 83.4 83.3 82.3 102.0 96.2 97.1 98.4 100.3 121.9 116.5 101.6 89.0 78.0 102.9 91.5 101.4 114.8 128.3 82.7 99.0 99.9 122.6 116.8 102.4 87.8 76.8 103.2 90.9 100.5 113.4 124.7 82.6 99.5 109.8 119.6 73.6 100.8 95.7 112.1 123.3 102.7 88.3 125.5 57.4 108.4 111.4 72.2 97.5 93.2 110.8 128.0 104.6 87.7 129 61.3 107.1 110.9 71.6 110.5 123.3 102.7 86.2 124.2 106. 109. 66. 98. 94. 110. 122.6 102.5 85.4 123.8 56.0 56.0 130.5 131.0 129.3 116.8 116.0 114.7 114.4 116.7 114.2 120.8 124.1 120.6 120.9 122.3 119.7 149.1 147.3 147.1 107.0 134.2 125.9 113.0 94.1 83.1 109.4 96.7 106.9 121.8 133.2 87.3 104.8 111. 121, 78.4 99 94 112 128.8 105. 90 130, 62.4 94.0 105.1 111.9 62.5 95.7 90.4 109.8 121.0 100.8 88.4 119.2 109.2 119.5 71.3 100.4 95.0 110.9 123.2 102.4 88.0 123.7 54.9 Hholesale trade 117.3 114.4 Retail trade 124.1 124.0 Finance, insurance* and real estate • 122.2 120.9 Services • 147.6 149.3 89.6 100.6 111.7 123.9 82.2 100.2 117.5 114.9 See footnote 1, table B-2. Aug. Sept. 1991fi/ 199l£/ Sept. 199l£/ Transportation and public utilities 1/ June 1991 Aug. 1991fi/ 131.4 131.3 Service-producing industries Sept. May 1990 1991 Sept. July 1990 1991 57.5 131.6 115.3 114.4 124.0 121.0 149.9 83.2 64.9 64.4 105 110 69 95 91 108 122 101 88 121.1 55.4 P - preliminary. 64.2 July 1991 105.8 106.0 110.4 109.0 68.8 69.7 96.8 98.0 92.1 94.2 108.9 109.7 122.7 122.6 101.9 100.9 86.2 85.4 122.1 122.5 56.0 57.3 130.3 128.2 114.8 113.5 114.5 112.9 121.5 119.3 121.3 117.9 148.5 146.4 98.7 94.5 129.2 130.0 114.5 115.2 113.4 113.5 120.1 120.5 118.9 120.6 147.7 148.9 ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted (Percent) Time span Jan. 1 Feb. Mar. May June July Aug. Sept | Apr. Oct. Nov. Dec. Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries!/ Over 1-month span: 1989 1990 1991 64.5 58.1 38.5 59.0 58.1 36.9 58.7 52.2 38.6 53.9 48.7 38.5 52.7 52.8 51.1 53.8 48.3 45.8 52.9 46.6 51.3 54.6 47.8 56.6 41.4 59.6 40.3 52.1 42.0 JP/54.6 49.2 45.1 E/49.7 67.6 58.8 31.6 65.2 59.0 30.8 61.1 54.4 30.3 56.2 50.7 38.3 54.5 48.7 39.5 53.9 49.4 48.9 54.9 45.6 E/51.8 52.5 43.7 E/54.4 55.9 40.0 56.0 37.4 55.8 35.8 59.1 35.1 67.7 56.6 26.7 65.0 55.2 31.2 63.3 55.2 29.5 59.0 51.8 34.3 53.4 56.5 47.6 44.9 E/40.9 £/46.9 54.5 42.7 55.9 38.6 53.8 37.2 58.1 34.8 57.9 30.9 59.1 28.8 62.2 65.2 54.5 51.4 E'30.1 E/29.9 61.5 48.3 59.6 43.5 57.6 40.3 56.7 35.8 55.8 34.1 56.0 30.6 55.5 32.0 55.6 30.2 Over 3-month spam 1989 1990 1991 Over 6-month spam 1989 1990 1991 Over 12-month span 1989 1990 1991 65.3 54.6 30.2 61.5 46.6 Manufacturing payrolls* 139 industries!/ Over 1-month spans 1989 1990 1991 58.6 46.0 31.7 50.7 51.1 28.4 48.9 41.4 29.9 47.5 47.8 38.5 47.1 41.7 46.8 44.2 39.6 46.0 56.5 45.0 19.4 54.3 43.2 16.5 49.3 45.0 18.0 43.5 38.1 30.2 42.8 38.1 36.3 42.1 37.4 48.9 57.9 39.9 10.4 51.8 36.7 17.3 48.6 37.1 19.4 41.7 45.0 32.4 40.3 23.4 E/39.6 38.1 30.6 fi/47.8 53.6 35.3 13.3 56.1 33.5 fi/14.0 51.8 31.3 fi/13.3 44.6 25.2 41.7 20.9 Over 3-month spam 1989 1990 1991 Over 6-month spam 1989 1990 1991 Over 12-month spam 1989 1990 1991 46.4 29.5 \/ Based on seasonally adjusted data for \-» 3-, and 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span. p = preliminary. NOTEi Figures are the percent of industries with 45.7 40.3 38.8 38.8 E/46.8 48.2 34.5 48.6 27.3 45.3 33.8 36.3 40.3 35.6 31.3 fi/57.2 E'57.9 39.9 27.0 41.0 23.0 41.0 21.6 41.7 18.3 38.1 24.1 38.1 20.5 35.6 21.2 38.8 17.3 39.6 16.2 39.6 11.9 38.1 19.8 35.3 14.0 34.9 12.9 36.3 10.1 32.4 I 11.2 32.7 10.4 44.2 43.2 53.2 £ /56.1 employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.