Full text of The Employment Situation : September 1971

The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.

U. S. DEPARTMENI

HEWS

Ut LABUK

OFFICE OF INFO R M ATION , W A SHIN GTO N , 0. C. 2 0210

USD Li - 71-539
B ureau o f L a b or S ta tistics
(202) 9 6 1 -2 6 9 4 , 9 6 1 -2 6 3 3 , 9 6 1 -2 4 7 2
THE E M P L O Y M E N T SITUATION:

T r a n s m is s io n E m b a rg o
9:30 A. M.
F rid a y , O cto b e r 8, 1971
S E P T E M B E R 1971

E m p loym en t r o s e substantially in S eptem ber while un em ploym ent
rem a in ed v irtu a lly unchanged, a fte r allow a n ce fo r the usual se a so n a l m o v e ­
m en ts, the U. S. D epartm en t of Labor* s B ureau of L a b or S ta tistics re p o rte d
today.

The o v e r a ll un em ploym ent rate w as 6. 0 p e rce n t in S ep tem b er, v irtu ­

a lly unchanged fr o m the 6.1 p e rce n t le v e l of August.
T ota l em ploym en t in c r e a s e d by 325, 000 (se a so n a lly a dju sted) betw een
A ugust and S ep tem b er, with the gain co n ce n tra te d am ong p a r t-tim e w o r k e r s .
N on a g ricu ltu ra l p a y ro ll em ploym en t p osted a gain of s im ila r m agnitude, with
m anufacturing em ploym en t r e g is te rin g a substantial in c r e a s e , its fir s t since,
M ay.
Industry P a y r o ll E m ploym ent
N on a g ricu ltu ra l p a y ro ll em p loym en t r o s e 300, 000 betw een August and
S eptem ber to 7 0 .9 m illio n , se a so n a lly adjusted.

The in c r e a s e brought pay­

r o ll em ploym en t to within 300, 000 of the a lltim e high r e c o r d e d in M a rch 1970.
O v e r-th e -m o n th em p loy m en t gain s o c c u r r e d in a ll m a jo r industry d iv isio n s
and w ere about equally d ivided betw een the g o o d s - and s e r v ic e -p r o d u c in g
se ctors.
M anufacturing em p loy m en t in c r e a s e d 130, 000, se a so n a lly adjusted, in
S ep tem b er, the la r g e s t sin gle m onthly gain in fa c to r y jo b s in o v e r 5 y e a rs
(with the e x ce p tio n o f two m onths in w hich striking autom obile w o rk e rs
retu rn s to th eir jo b s --N o v e m b e r 1967 and D e c e m b e r 1970).

O v e r-th e -m o n th

gains w e re w id e sp re a d throughout m anufacturin g, with the la rg e s t o ccu rrin g
in fa b rica te d m e ta ls and e le c t r ic a l equipm ent (about 20, 000 ea ch ) and in
m a ch in ery and ru b b er and p la s tics (15, 000 e a c h ).
In co n tra ct co n s tru ctio n , em ploym en t edged up in S eptem ber fo r the
fir s t tim e in 5 m onths (se a so n a lly a d ju ste d ), due in part to the net return of
strik ing w o r k e r s .




E m p loym en t in this industry was sligh tly below la st

-2 -

Septem ber* s le v e l (by 40, 0 0 0 ).

T h ere w as a ls o an o v e r -th e -m o n th jo b

gain in m ining.
In the s e r v ic e -p r o d u c in g s e c t o r , em p loym en t in c r e a s e s am ounted to
about 45, 000 ea ch in trade and govern m en t and c lo s e to 20, 000 ea ch in
fin a n ce, s e r v ic e s , and tra n sp orta tion and p u blic u tilitie s.

E m p loym en t in

tra d e, s e r v ic e s , and State and lo c a l g overn m en t has been m ovin g up steadily
throughout m o s t of 1971.

Table A .

Highlights of the employment situation

(Seasonally adjusted)

Selected categories

Sept.
1971

Aug.
1971

3rd
Qtr
1971

2nd
Qtr.
1971

1st
Qtr.
1971

5tE
Qtr.
1970

(Millions of persons)
Civilian labor fo rc e ...................................
Total employment................................
Unemployment.....................................

84.6
79.5
5.1

84.3
79.2
5.1

84.2
79.2
5.0

83.7
78.7
5 .0

83.6
78.6
5.0

83.4
78.6
4 .9

5.9
4 .3
5.7
17.4
5.5
9.5
3.2
5.5
3.8

5 .9
4 .3
5.5
17.5
5.4
9.2
3.2
5.5
4 .4

70.4
22.5
47.9

70.1
22.6
47.5

37.0
39.8
2.8

36.9
39.5
2.7

(Percent of labor force)
Unemployment rates:
All w orkers..........................................
Adult m en.............................................
Adult women........................................
Teenagers .............................................
White ....................................................
Negro and other ra ce s.........................
Married men..........................................
Full-time workers................................
State insured ........................................

6.0
4.5
5.6
17.1
5.4
10.5
3.3
5.7
4 .4

6.1
4 .5
5.8
17.0
5.6
9.8
3.2
5.5
4 .2

6.0
4.5
5.7
16.8
5.5
10.1
3.2
5.5
4.2

6.0
4 .4
5.8
16.8
5.5
9.9
3.2
5.5
4 .2

(Millions of persons)
Nonfarm payroll employment.................
Goods-producing industries ...............
Service-producing industries...............

70.9
22.5
48.4

70.6
22.3
48.3

70.6
22.4
48.3

70.7
22.5
48.1

(Hours of work)
Average weekly hours:
Total private nonfarm.........................
Manufacturing.......................................
Manufacturing overtime ....................

36.7
39.6
2.8

36.9
39.8
2.9

36.8
39.8
2.9

Note: Payroll employment and hours figures for latest 2 months are preliminary.
Sources: Tables A-1, A-3, B-1, B-2.




37.0
39.9
2.9

-3-

Hours of Work
The average workweek for all rank-and-file workers on private nonagricultural payrolls dropped more than seasonally between August and
September and after seasonal adjustment was down 0. 2 hour to 36.7 hours,
its lowest level in a year. The workweek'declined in six of the seven major
industry divisions.
The largest over-the-month drop occurred in contract construction
(1. 0 hour, seasonally adjusted). Bad weather conditions in many sections of
the country during the reference week were apparently a contributing factor.
In manufacturing, the workweek averaged 39.6 hours (seasonally
adjusted), down 0. 2 hour from August. Declines in the factory workweek
occurred in most manufacturing industries, and there were decreases of
one-half hour or more in six of them.
Factory overtime edged down 0.1 hour in September to 2. 8 hours,
seasonally adjusted. The contraction in overtime was centered in the
durable goods industries. Overtime hours in manufacturing have been in
the 2. 8-to-3. 0 hours range since January.
Earnings
Average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers on
private payrolls rose 3 cents in September to $3.48. Hourly earnings usually
increase substantially in September (by 4 cents in 1970, 6 cents in 1969, and
5 cents in 1968), as many young people leave jobs with low hourly rates to
return to school. After allowance for these usual August-September changes,
average hourly earnings in the total private nonagricultural sector were down
1 cent on a seasonally adjusted basis (from $3. 46 to $3. 45). Of the seven
major industry divisions for which data are published, seasonally adjusted
hourly earnings increased in four and were unchanged in three in September.
In August, all seven division showed an increase, and in July six increased
and one was unchanged. (Seasonally adjusted hourly earnings figures are
published each month in Employment and Earnings. ) Compared with a year
ago, average hourly earnings this September were up 19 cents or 5. 8
percent. 1/
1/ In interpreting figures on average hourly earnings in relation to the
wage*-price freeze, see the attached October 5 press release, "Explanatory
Note Concerning Average Earnings and Wage Changes."




-4-

Average weekly earnings fell over the month by 27 cents to $128. 76,
as a result of the reduction in the workweek. Increases in average weekly
earnings in manufacturing and transportation and public utilities were more
than off offset by declines in the other industry groups. Compared with
September 1970, average weekly earnings were up by $7. 03 or 5. 8 percent.
During the latest 12-month period for which Consumer Price Index data are
available--August 1970 to August 1971--the index rose 4. 5 percent.
Unemployment
There were about 4. 8 million unemployed persons in September.
After allowance for the usual exit from the labor force and return to school
of many summertime jobseekers, the seasonally adjusted unemployment
level was virtually unchanged between August and September. The jobless
rate, at 6. 0 percent in September, was also essentially unchanged*from
its August level of 6.1 percent. Although there was an over-the-month
decrease in unemployment among part-time workers, this was largely off­
set by a small increase in unemployment among full-time workers.
The unemployment situation for most of the major labor force groups
was also essentially unchanged in September. The jobless rate for all adult
men (4. 5 percent), married men (3. 3. percent), adult women (5. 6 percent),
and teenagers (17.1 percent) showed virtually no change from their August
levels. There was also little change in jobless rates among the major
occupation and industry groups between August and September. The jobless
rate for white workers declined slightly, from 5. 6 to 5. 4 percent, while the
rate for Negro workers edged up from 9. 8 to 10. 5 percent.
Joblessness among workers covered by State unemployment insurance
programs increased in September. The unemployment rate for these
workers rose from 4. 2 percent in August to 4. 4 percent in September.
The average duration of unemployment was 12. 0 weeks in September.
It has fluctuated close to that level since May, about 3 weeks above year-ago
levels.
Civilian Labor Force and Total Employment
The actual number of persons in the civilian labor force declined about
1. 5 million between August and September, reflecting the return to school of
many youths who had been working or seeking work during the summer.

The

decline was somewhat smaller than the usual August-to-September change,




-5-

and after seasonal adjustment, the civilian labor force level was up by
nearly 300, 000 to 84. 6 million. The gain was almost equally divided between
adult men and adult women.
The number of employed persons also declined less than usual between
August and September. After seasonal adjustment, total employment was up
by 325, 000 to 79. 5 m illion--an alltime. high. About two-thirds of the overthe-month gain in employment--which was largely of a part-time nature-was accounted for by adult women. Compared with September a year ago,
total employment was up by one million, with slightly more than half of the
gain being in part-time jobs.
Vietnam Era Veterans
The number of Vietnam Era war veterans 20 to 29 years old in the
civilian labor force was 3. 9 million in September 1971, an increase of
about 540,000 over the year (data not seasonally adjusted; see table A -7 ).
A total of 3. 5 million of these men were employed, some 415, 000 more than
last September. Unemployed veterans numbered 320, 000 in September, the
same as in August, but 125, 000 more than a year earlier.
The unemployment rate for .veterans was 8. 3 percent in September,
unchanged over the month but considerably higher than their rate in Septem­
ber 1970 (6.0 percent). • It was also higher thah the rate for nonveterans of
the same age (20-29 y e a r s )--6 . 6 percent--which alsb was essentially
unchanged over the month.
Quarterly Developments
After showing little growth since the fall of 1970, total employment
posted substantial gains between the second and third quarters of 1971
(seasonally adjusted). The civilian labor force also increased substantially
during this period. The overall jobless rate, however, was unchanged at
6.0 percent, the fourth straight quarter at about this level. (See table A. )
Labor Force and Total Employment
The civilian labor force rose by 550, 000 to 84. 2 million (seasonally
adjusted) in the third quarter of 1971, after showing little growth in the 2
previous quarters. The expansion in the July-September period was about
equally divided between adult men and women, as the number of teenagers




-6 -

in the labor force declined slightly.
The total labor force, which includes persons in the Armed Forces in
addition to those in the civilian labor force, averaged 87. 0 million (season*
ally adjusted) in the third quarter. This was 470, 000 above the April-June
level and represented the first significant rise since the fourth quarter of
1970.
Total civilian employment, which had been on a virtual plateau since
last fall, moved up 520, 000 in the third quarter to 79. 2 million (seasonally
adjusted). The advance brought total employment to an alltime quarterly
high, 320, 000 above the previous peak attained in the first quarter of 1970.
The third quarter employment increase was about equally divided between
full- and part-time workers.
Adult women accounted for the largest part of the employment pickup
in the third quarter (a gain of 325, 000), with an especially sharp rise among
20-to-24 year-olds. Employment of adult men also rose in the third quarter
(by 220, 000). This was its second straight quarterly advance following a
1-year period of decline. The third quarter increase for adult men occurred
primarily among those 25 years of age and over* Employment among teen­
agers was about unchanged for the second straight quarter, after showing a
small increase in early 1971.
Unemployment
The number of jobless persons averaged 5.0 million (seasonally
adjusted) in the July-September period, essentially the same level as in the
previous 3 quarters. The jobless rate was 6.0 percent in the third quarter,
also about unchanged from the previous 3 quarters. This leveling off in
joblessness followed 4 consecutive quarters of substantial increases and
was characterized by small divergent movements among major labor force
groups. The third quarter jobless rate for all adult men was 4. 5 percent,
essentially unchanged from the previous quarter but up slightly from the
fourth quarter of 1970, when it was 4. 3 percent. The teenage rate, at
16.8 percent for the second straight quarter, remained below the highs
posted in late 1970 and early 1971. The jobless rate for adult women, at
5. 7 percent, was about unchanged from the previous 2 quarters but was
slightly above the level of the last quarter of 1970.




In contrast, the unem-

-7-

ployment rate for married men was 3. 2 percent for the fourth consecutive
quarter, and the rate for full-time workers was unchanged at 5. 5 percent
over the same time span.
The jobless rate for Negro workers was 10.1 percent in the third
quarter of 1971, not significantly changed from the second quarter of the
year, but above the rates of the previous 2 quarters. Unemployment among
Negro adult men increased between the second and third quarters of 1971-from 6.8 to 7.6 percent--but the rise was largely offset by small decreases
among women and teenagers. The rate for white workers (5. 5 percent in
the third quarter) has been essentially unchanged since last fall. The ratio
of Negro-to-white jobless rates was 1. 8 to 1 in both the second and third
quarters of 1971, compared with 1. 7 to 1 in the 2 earlier quarters.
Industry Employment
Nonagricultural payroll employment averaged 70. 6 million in the third
quarter of 1971 (seasonally adjusted), little changed from the second quarter.
This compared with increases of 315, 000 in the first quarter of the year
(following the automobile strike) and 235,000 in the second quarter. Third
quarter developments were marked by an employment decline in the goodsproducing industries, which was just about offset by the continued gains in
the service sector.
Employment in the goods-producing sector averaged 22.4 million in
the July-September quarter (seasonally adjusted), down 170,000 from the
second quarter of 1971; more than two-thirds of the cutback took place in the
manufacturing industries, largely in durable goods. Factory employment
averaged 18. 5 million in the third quarter of 1971, down 1. 7 million from
the alltime high reached in the third quarter of 1969.
Employment in the service-producing sector, at 48. 3 million in the
third quarter, was up by 140, 000 over the quarter, compared with gains of
240, 000 and 350, 000 in the second and first quarters, respectively. The
largest increa. ?s in this sector have occurred in retail trade and services.
The average workweek of production and non supervisory workers in
the total private nonagricultural economy declined by 0. 2 hour to 36. 8 hours
in the third quarter (seasonally adjusted). The manufacturing workweek
also fell slightly, after rising in the previous 2 quarters.







-8-

This release presents and analyzes statistics from two major surveys. Data on
labor force, total employment, and unemployment are derived from the sample sur­
vey of households conducted and tabulated by the Bureau of the Census for the
Bureau of Labor Statistics. Statistics on payroll employment, hours, and earnings
are collected by State agencies from payroll records of employers and are tabulated
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A description of the two surveys appears in the
BLS publication Employment and Earnings.

T a b U A-1:

Employment status of tho noninstitutional population by

sox an d ago

(In thousands)

Seasonally adjusted
Employment status, age, and sex

Sept.
1971

Aug.
1971

8 6 ,8 8 4
8 4 ,1 3 5
7 9 ,2 9 5
3 ,4 4 4
75 ,8 5 1
2 ,2 2 0
1 ,1 2 6
1,094
4 ,'840

May
1971

Sept.
1970

Sept.
1971

Aug.
1971

July
1971

June
1971

8 8 ,4 5 3
8 5 ,6 7 8
8 0 ,6 1 8
3 ,7 6 4
7 6 ,8 5 3
3 ,0 1 4
1,262
1 ,752
5,0 6 1

8 5 ,6 5 6
82 ,5 4 7
7 8 ,2 5 6
3 ,5 2 5
7 4 ,7 3 0
2 ,0 4 4
1 ,0 7 1
973
4 ,2 9 2

8 7 ,3 4 7
8 4 ,5 9 8
79 ,5 2 5
3 ,3 5 6
7 6 ,1 6 9
2 ,2 6 0
1,0 5 6
1,2 0 4
5 ,0 7 3

87 ,0 8 7
8 4 ,3 1 2
7 9 ,197
3 ,4 1 5
7 5,782
2 ,4 6 9
1 ,1 7 3
1 ,2 9 6
5 ,1 1 5

8 6 ,6 2 6
8 3 ,8 2 9
78 ,9 4 1
3 ,3 6 7
7 5 ,5 7 4
2 ,4 5 0
1 ,1 3 4
1 ,3 1 6
4 ,8 8 8

8 5 ,9 4 8
8 3,132
7 8 ,4 4 3
3 ,2 9 4
7 5 ,1 4 9
2 ,1 7 6
990
1,1 8 6
4 ,6 8 9

8 7 ,0 2 8
8 4 ,1 7 8
7 8 ,961
3 ,4 5 8
7 5 ,5 0 3
2 ,5 0 4
1 ,2 1 9
1 ,2 8 5
5 ,217

4 8 ,0 6 5
4 6 ,2 3 6
2 ,4 8 4
4 3 ,7 5 2
1 ,8 2 9

4 8 ,4 5 4
4 6 ,4 6 5
2 ,5 5 6
4 3 ,9 0 9
1 ,9 8 9

4 7 ,3 2 4
4 5 ,7 6 2
2 ,5 7 8
4 3 ,1 8 4
1,562

4 8 ,1 9 4
4 6 ,0 0 4
2 ,4 2 6
4 3 ,5 7 8
2 ,1 9 0

4 8 ,0 7 4
4 5 ,9 0 3
2 ,4 7 2
4 3 ,4 3 1
2 ,1 7 1

4 7 ,9 5 6
4 5 ,8 8 8
2 ,4 5 8
4 3 ,4 3 0
2 ,0 6 8

4 7 ,7 8 9
4 5 ,7 6 5
2 ,4 2 6
4 3 ,3 3 9
2 ,0 2 4

4 7 ,8 9 3
4 5 ,7 3 7
2 ,4 6 0
4 3 ,2 7 7
2 ,1 5 6

2 9 ,0 7 7
2 7 ,2 5 6
592
2 6 ,6 6 4
1 ,821

2 8 ,1 5 4
2 6 ,3 5 5
605
2 5 ,7 5 0
1 ,8 0 0

2 8 ,3 1 0
26,712
573
2 6 ,1 3 8
1,5 9 8

28 ,9 9 5
2 7 ,3 7 6
551
2 6 ,8 2 5
1 ,6 1 9

2 8 ,8 5 9
2 7 ,1 7 2
543
2 6 ,6 2 9
1,687

2 8 ,5 2 5
2 6 ,8 9 7
516
26 ,3 8 1
1 ,6 2 8

2 8 ,3 8 6
2 6 ,8 1 8
510
2 6 ,3 0 8
1 ,5 6 8

2 8 ,5 8 6
2 6,857
539
2 6 ,3 1 8
1 ,7 2 9

6 ,9 9 3
5 ,8 0 3
368
5 ,4 3 5
1 ,1 9 0

9 ,0 7 0
7 ,7 9 8
604
7,1 9 4
1,272

6 ,9 1 3
5,7 8 2
374
5 ,4 0 8
1,131

7 .4 0 9
i4 5
379
5 ,7 6 6
1 ,2 6 4

7 ,3 7 9
6 ,1 2 2
400
5 ,7 2 2
1,257

7 ,3 4 8
6 ,1 5 6
393
5 ,7 6 3
1 ,192

6 ,9 5 7
5 ,8 6 0
358
5 ,5 0 2
1 ,0 9 7

7 ,6 9 9
6 ,3 6 7
459
5 ,9 0 8
1,332

Total
Total labor f o r c e ..................................................
Civilian labor force .............................................
Employed.............................................................
Agriculture.......................................................
Nonagricultural industries.............................
On pact time for economic reasons..............
Usually work full tim e................................
Usually work pan time .............................
Unemployed..........................................................
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force...............................................
Employed.............................................................
Agriculture.......................................................
Nonagricultural industries.............................
Unemployed..........................................................
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force .............................................
Employed.............................................................
Agriculture.......................................................
Nonagricultural industries.............................
Unemployed..........................................................
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Civilian labor force................................................
Employed.............................................................
Agriculture.......................................................
Nonagricultural industries.............................
Unemployed..........................................................

Tablo A -2:

Full- and part-timo status of tho civ ilia n lab o r forco by sox an d ago
(Numbers in thousands)

Seasonally adjusted
Full- and part-time
employment status, sex,
and age

June
1971

May
1971

Sept.
1970

Sept.
1971 '

Sept.
1970

Sept.
1971

Aug.
1971

July
1971

Total, 16 years and over:
Civilian labor force.............................................
Employed..........................................................
Unemployed.......................................................
Unemployment r a t e ..........................................

7 2 ,2 9 1
68 ,6 4 2
3 ,6 5 0
5 .0

7 1 ,3 2 9
6 8 ,1 8 6
3 ,1 4 3
4 .4

72 ,4 1 9
6 8 ,3 2 0
4 ,0 9 9
5 .7

72 ,2 3 3
6 8 ,2 4 3
3 ,9 9 0
5 .5

7 2 ,0 0 6
6 8 ,1 6 1
3 ,8 4 5
5 .3

7 1 ,3 0 9
6 7 ,5 6 4
3 ,7 4 5
5 .3

7 2 ,3 3 8
6 8 ,1 5 6
4 ,1 8 2
5 .8

7 1 ,4 4 5
6 7 ,9 0 0
3 ,5 4 5
5 .0

Men, 20 years and over:
Civilian labor force.............................................
Employed..........................................................
Unemployed .....................................................
Unemployment r a t e ..........................................

4 5 ,7 7 8
4 4 ,1 2 3
1 ,654
3 .6

4 5 ,1 5 6
4 3 ,7 5 0
1 ,4 0 6
3 .1

4 5 ,7 9 0
4 3 ,7 7 3
2 ,0 1 7
4 .4

4 5 ,6 9 7
4 3 ,6 6 9
2 ,0 2 8
4 .4

4 5 ,7 3 8
4 3 ,8 1 9
1 ,9 1 9
4 .2

4 5 ,4 7 9
4 3 ,5 9 8
1 ,8 8 1
4 .1

4 5 ,6 1 9
4 3 ,6 5 2
1 ,9 6 7
4 .3

4 5 ,1 2 0
4 3 ,4 0 3
1 ,7 1 7
3 .8

Women, 20 years snd over:
Civilian labor force.............................................
Employed..........................................................
Unemployed .....................................................
Unemployment r a t e ..........................................

2 3 ,0 1 0
2 1 ,5 8 3
1,427
6 .2

2 2 ,4 7 2
2 1 ,2 7 1
1,201
5 .3

2 2 ,8 1 0
21 ,4 5 4
1 ,3 5 6
5 .9

2 2 ,6 2 0
2 1 ,3 3 9
1,2 8 1
5 .7

2 2 ,3 1 5
2 1 ,0 4 9
1 ,2 6 6
5 .7

2 2 ,2 7 8
2 1 ,0 2 3
1 ,2 5 5
5 .6

2 2 ,4 9 3
2 1 ,0 3 9
1,4 5 4
6 .5

2 2 ,2 3 3
2 1 ,1 0 2
1 ,1 3 1
5 .1

11 ,8 4 3
1 0 ,653
1 ,1 9 0
1 0 .0

11 ,2 1 8
1 0,069
1 ,1 4 9
1 0 .2

1 2,346
11,326
1 ,020
8 .3

1 2,222
1 1 ,0 8 9
1 ,1 3 3
9 .3

1 1 ,9 6 0
10,9 2 4
1 ,0 3 6
8 .7

1 2,012
1 1,095
917
7 .6

1 1,731
1 0 ,6 5 0
1,0 8 1
9 .2

1 1 ,641
10,638
1 ,0 0 3
8 .6

Full time

Part time
Total, 16 yeara and over:
Civilian labor force.............................................
Employed..........................................................
Unemployed.......................................................
Unemployment r a t e ..........................................

NOTE: Persons on pan-time scheAiles for economic reasons are included in the full-time employed category; unemployed persons are allocated by whether seeking full- or
part-time work.




Table A-3:

Major unemployment indicators
(Persons 16 years and over)

Thousands o f persons
unemployed

Selected categories

S e p t.
1971

S ep t.
1970

Seasonally adjusted rates of unemployment

S ep t.
1971

Aug.
1971

J u ly
1971

June
1971

May
1971

S ep t.
1970

4 ,8 4 0

4 ,2 9 2

6 .0

6 .1

5 .8

5 .6

6 .2

5 .4

Men, 20 years and over ......................................
Women, 20 years and o v e r ...................................
Both sexes, 16-19 y e a r s ......................................

1 ,8 2 9
1 ,8 2 1
1 ,1 9 0

1 ,562
1 ,5 9 8
1,1 3 1

4 .5
5 .6
1 7 .1

4 .5
5 .8
1 7 .0

4 .3
5 .7
1 6.2

4 .2
5 .5
1 5 .8

4 .5
6 .0
1 7 .3

3 .9
5 .0
1 6 .5

W h ite .........................................................................
Negro and other r a c e s .........................................

3 ,9 1 2
927

3 ,5 2 9
762

5 .4
1 0.5

5 .6
9 .8

5 .3
1 0.1

5 .2
9 .4

5 .7
1 0 .5

5 .0
8 .8

Married m en....................................................................
Full-time w o r k e r s .......................................................
Pan-time w o rk e r s .......................................................
Unemployed 15 weeks and o v e r1 .............................
State insured2 .............................................................
Labor force time l o s t * ...............................................

1,027
3 ,6 5 0
1 ,1 9 0
1 ,0 3 0
1 ,7 3 3
--

892
3 ,1 4 3
1,1 4 9
655
1,6 4 6
6 .0

3 .3
5 .7
8 .3
1 .5
4 .4
6 .3

3 .2
5 .5
9 .3
1 .5
4 .2
6 .5

3 .1
5 .3
8 .7
1 .6
3 .9
6 .3

3 .1
5 .3
7 .6
1 .4
4 .4
5 .6

3 .3
5 .8
9 .2
1 .4
4 .2
6 .8

2 .9
5 .0
8 .4
.9
4 .2
5 .9

1 ,4 8 4
371
145
767
201
1,964
440
1,0 7 4
449
732
81

1 ,2 5 8
279
130
651
198
1,8 0 4
402
1 ,0 0 7
395
598
115

3 .3
2 .6
1 .6
4 .7
3 .9
8 .0
5 .8
8 .4
1 1 .6
6 .5
2 .9

3 .5
3 .1
1 .4
4 .8
4 .5
7 .6
5 .5
8 .3
1 0 .5
6 .6
2 .8

3 .6
2 .8
1 .8
5 .0
4 .7
7 .1
5 .3
8 .0
9 .1
6 .6
2 .8

3 .1
2 .1
1 .7
4 .6
3 .9
7 .0
3 .9
8 .1
1 1 .2
6 .2
2 .2

3 .7
3 .2
1 .5
4 .8
5 .5
7 .5
4 .1
8 .8
1 1 .5
6 .4
1 .9

2 .9
2 .0
1 .5
4 .0
3 .9
7 .3
5 .3
7 .6
1 1.2
5 .7
3 .9

3 ,6 0 5
288
1,312
782
530
156
889
935
461
104

3 ,3 0 5
360
1 ,1 8 9
723
466
129
754
868
300
113

6 .2
1 0 .0
7 .0
7 .1
6 .8
3 .6
6 .2
5 .1
2 .9
8 .8

6 .2
10 .2
6 .9
6 .8
7 .0
3 .1
6 .2
5 .4
3 .1
9 .4

6 .1
9 .6
6 .6
6 .5
6 .7
3 .0
6 .4
5 .4
2 .9
8 .3

6 .0
1 0 .4
6 .5
6 .9
6 .0
3 .3
6 .5
4 .7
2 .5
5 .7

6 .5
11 .2
6 .9
7 .2
6 .4
4 .4
6 .9
5 .1
3 .0
7 .5

5 .8
12.7
6 .1
6 .3
5 .8
3 .0
5 .7
4 .8
2 .0
9 .1

Total (a ll civilian w ork ers)......................................

Occupation4
White-collar w o r k e r s ..................................................
Professional and t e c h n ic a l................................
Managers, o fficia ls, and p r o p r ie to r s ...............
Clerical w ork ers.....................................................
Sales workers ........................................................
Blue-collar w ork ers.....................................................
Craftsmen and forem en .........................................
Operatives .............................................................
Nonfarm laborers.....................................................
Service w o r k e r s ..........................................................
Farm w ork ers................................................................

Industry4
Nonagricultural private wage and salary
w orkers*......................................................................
C o n s tru ctio n ..........................................................
Manufacturing ........................................................
Durable g o o d s ....................................................
Nondurable g o o d s ...............................................
Transportation and public u t il it i e s ..................
Wholesale and retail trade...................................
Finance and service in d u s t r ie s .......................
Government wage and salary w orkers.....................
Agricultural wage and salary w o r k e r s ..................

^Unemployment rate calculated as a percent oi civilian labor force.

^Unemployment by occupation includes all experienced unemployed persons, whereas
that by industry covers only unemployed wage and salary workers.

^Insured unemployment under State progtams-unemployment rate calculated as a percent
oi average covered employment.

^Includes mining, not shown separately.

^Man-hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time lor economic reasons as a
percent of potentially available labor force man-hours.

Table A-4:

Unemployed persons 16 years and over by duration of unemployment
(In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted

Duration o f unemployment

S ep t.
1971

S ep t.
1970

S ep t.
1971

Aug.
1971

J u ly
1971

June
1971

May
1971

S ep t.
1 9 70

L ess than 5 w e e k s .......................................................
5 to 14 w e e k s ................................................................
15 weeks and o v e r ........................................................
15 to 26 w e e k s .......................................................
27 weeks and o v e r ..................................................

2 ,5 5 3
1,257
1 ,0 3 0
516
514

2 ,4 7 3
1,1 6 3
655
400
255

2 ,3 4 4
1 ,5 8 9
1 ,239
672
567

2 ,3 7 2
1 ,5 3 5
1,3 0 5
752
553

2 ,1 1 2
1,532
1,3 1 1
747
564

2 ,0 4 0
1,574
1 ,1 7 3
609
564

2 ,2 7 6
1 ,5 1 9
1 ,202
622
580

2 ,2 7 1
1 ,4 7 0
788
507
281

Average (mean) duration, in w e e k s .......................

11 .1

8 .3

1 2 .0

1 1.5

1 1 .6

1 2.7

1 1 .5

9 .0




Table A-5:

U n em p lo yed persons by reason for unem ploym ent

(Numbers in thousands)
S ea son a lly adjusted
Reason for unemployment

S ep t.
1971

S e p t.
1970

S e p t.
1971

Aug.
1971

J u ly
1971

June
1971

1 ,9 1 9
714
1,627
580

1 ,6 9 8
675
1 ,4 0 4
514

2 ,3 7 2
571
1,547
607

2 ,4 4 9
568
1,507
644

2 ,2 5 8
518
1 ,544
548

2 ,3 3 9
476
1 ,3 3 8
540

2 ,3 1 1
618
1,527
740

2 ,0 9 9
540
1,335
538

1 0 0 .0
3 9 .6
1 4 .8
3 3 .6
1 2 .0

1 0 0 .0
3 9 .5
15 .7
3 2 .7
1 2 .0

1 0 0 .0
4 6 .5
11.2
3 0 .4
11.9

1 0 0 .0
4 7 .4
1 1 .0
2 9 .2
1 2 .5

1 0 0 .0
4 6 .4
1 0 .6
3 1 .7
1 1 .3

1 0 0 .0
4 9 .8
1 0 .1
2 8 .5
1 1 .5

1 0 0 .0
4 4 .5
1 1 .9
2 9 .4
1 4.2

1 0 0 .0
4 6 .5
1 2 .0
2 9 .6
1 1 .9

2 .3
.8
1 .9
.7

2 .1
.8
1 .7
.6

2 .8
.7
1 .8
.7

2 .9
.7
1 .8
.8

2 .7
.6
1 .8
.7

2 .8
.6
1 .6
.6

2 .7
.7
1 .8
.9

2 .5
.7
1 .6
.7

May
1971

S e p t.
1970

Number of unemployed
Lost last j o b .................................................................
Left last j o b .................................................................
Reentered labor f o r c e ...............................................
Never worked b e f o r e ..................................................

Percent distribution
Total unem ployed........................................................
Lost last j o b ...........................................................
Left last j o b ...........................................................
Reentered labor fo r c e ............................................
Never worked before...............................................

Unemployed os a percent of the
civilian labor force
L ost last j o b .................................................................
Left last j o b .................................................................
Reentered labor force..................................................
Never worked b e f o r e ..................................................

Table A -6:

Thousands of persons
Age and sex
S ep t.
1971
Total, 16 years and o v e r ..........................

S ep t.
1970

U n em p loyed persons by age and sex

Percent
looking for
full-time
work
S ep t.

1971

Seasonally adjusted unemployment rates
S ep t.
1971

Aug.
1971

J u ly
1971

June
1971

May
1971

S ep t.
1970

4 ,8 4 0

4 ,2 9 2

7 5 .4

6 .0

6 .1

5 .8

5 .6

6 .2

5 .4

16 to 19 y e a r s.................................................
16 and 17 years .........................................
18 and 19 y e a r s .........................................
20 to 2 4 years .................................................
25 years and o v e r .........................................
25 to 54 y e a r s ............................................
55 years and o v e r ......................................

1 ,1 9 0
530
660
1,101
2 ,5 4 9
2 ,1 2 7
421

1,1 3 1
544
587
998
2 ,1 6 2
1 ,7 5 3
410

4 7 .8
2 6 .4
6 4 .8
8 3 .1
8 5 .0
8 5 .6
8 1 .9

1 7 .1
1 8 .6
1 6 .0
9 .6
4 .1
4 .4
3 .1

1 7 .0
19.7
1 5 .0
1 0 .1
4 .1
4 .3
3 .5

1 6 .2
1 8 .3
1 4 .9
9 .7
4 .0
4 .2
3 .1

1 5 .8
1 8 .1
1 3 .9
9 .9
3 .8
3 .9
3 .4

1 7 .3
1 9 .0
16.7
1 1 .1
4 .0
4 .1
3 .6

1 6 .5
1 9 .0
1 4 .6
9 .3
3 .5
3 .6
3 .1

Males, 16 years and o v e r ................................

2 ,4 2 4

2 ,1 4 2

7 9 .2

5 .5

5 .5

5 .2

5 .1

5 .6

4 .9

16 to 19 y e a r s .................................................
16 and 17 y e a r s .........................................
18 and 19 y e a r s .........................................
20 to 24 years ..................................................
25 years and o v e r .........................................
25 to 54 y e a r s ............................................
55 years and o v e r ......................................

595
296
299
590
1 ,2 3 9
1 ,0 0 5
233

580
297
283
535
1 ,0 2 7
785
242

4 4 .9
2 3 .0
6 6 .6
8 4 .9
9 3 .1
9 4 .9
8 5 .4

1 6 .4
1 9 .1
1 4 .5
1 0 .5
3 .6
3 .8
3 .0

1 7 .3
1 9 .5
1 5 .4
1 0 .5
3 .6
3 .6
3 .3

1 5 .5
1 8 .5
1 3 .5
1 0.1
3 .4
3 .5
3 .1

15 .7
1 7 .7
1 3.7
9 .7
3 .3
3 .4
3 .3

1 7 .6
1 7 .5
1 8 .0
1 0 .8
3 .6
3 .6
3 .5

1 6 .4
1 9 .4
1 4 .2
1 0.1
3 .0
3 .0
3 .1

Females, 16 years and o v e r ..........................

2 ,4 1 6

2 ,1 5 0

7 1 .6

6 .8

7 .0

6 .9

6 .5

7 .2

6 .2

16 to 19 years .................................................
16 and 17 y e a r s .........................................
18 and 19 y e a r s .......................... ... . . . .
20 to 24 y e a rs .................................................
25 years and o v e r .........................................
25 to 54 y e a r s ............................................
55 years and o v e r ......................................

595
235
360
512
1 ,3 1 0
1 ,122
188

552
247
304
463
1,1 3 5
967
168

5 0 .8
3 0 .6
6 3 .9
8 0 .9
7 7 .3
7 7 .2
7 7 .7

17.8
1 7 .9
1 7 .7
8 .6
4 .9
5 .3
3 .4

1 6.7
1 9 .9
1 4 .6
9 .5
5 .1
5 .5
3 .8

1 7 .1
1 8 .1
1 6 .5
9 .1
5 .0
5 .5
3 .3

1 5 .9
18 .7
1 4 .1
1 0 .1
4 .5
5 .0
3 .6

1 6 .9
2 0 .8
1 5.2
1 1 .5
4 .8
5 .1
3 .7

1 6 .5
1 8 .6
1 4 .9
8 .2
4 .3
4 .7
3 .0




Table A -7 :

Employment status o f male Vietnam Era veterans
and nonveterans 20 to 29 years old

(Numbers in thousands; data not season ally a dju sted)
War' veterans 1 /
Nonveterans
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept. Aug.
Aug.
Employment status
1970
1970
1971
1971
1971
1971
C iv ilia n n o n in stitu tio n a l
p o p u la tio n ----------------

4,206

4,142

3,584

9,476

9,458

8,992

C iv ilia n labor f o r c e - - - - Percent o f p o p u la t io n ---Em ployed-------------- Unemployed---------Unemployment r a t e - - - - - Not in labor f o r c e -----------

3,863
91.8
3,541
322
8 .3
343

3,855
93.1
3,533
322
8 .4
287

3,322
92.7
3,124
198
6 .0
262

8,163
86.1
7,621
542
6.6
1,313

8,569
90.6
7,971
598
7 .0
889

7,885
87.7
7,352
533
6.8
1,107

1 / War veterans are defined by the dates o f th e ir se rv ice in the United
States Armed F orces. War veterans 20 to 29 years old are a l l veterans o f
the Vietnam Era (s e r v ic e at any time a ft e r August 4, 1964), and they account
fo r about 85 percent o f the Vietnam Era veterans o f a ll ages. About 600,000
post-K orean-peacetim e veterans 20 to 29 years old are not included in th is
ta b le .




TobU B-1: Employ*** on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry

(In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted

Change from
S e p t .p

A u g .p

J u ly

S ep t.

1971

1971

1971

1 97 0

T O T A L .......................................................

7 1 ,2 0 0

7 0 , 571

7 0 ,4 5 2

7 0 ,8 4 1

629

GOOOS-PRODUCING........................

2 2 ,9 2 7

2 2 ,8 0 5

2 2 ,5 4 1

2 3 ,6 0 5

MINING.....................................

62 6

625

613

627

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION........

3 .4 5 8

3, 50 8

3 ,4 8 0

3 .4 9 7

MANUFACTURING.......................
Production w o rk ers ..............

1 8 ,8 4 3
1 3 ,7 4 2

1 8 ,6 7 2
1 3 ,5 5 5

1 8 ,4 4 8
1 3 ,3 1 5

1 0 ,6 5 6
■ ..6 9 6

1 0 ,4 9 2
7 , 524

1 0 ,4 8 7
7 ,5 1 2

1 8 9 .4
600. 5
468. 1
6 4 4 .7
1 ,1 6 7 .2
1 ,3 5 7 .9
1 ,7 8 3 . 5
1 ,8 0 7 .4
1 ,7 7 1 .7
4 3 7 .4
4 2 7 .9

190. 1
6 0 1 .9
4 5 9 .4
6 4 4 .4
1 ,1 7 2 .4
1 ,3 3 2 . 1
1 ,7 6 7 .7
1 .7 7 6 .9
1 .6 9 0 .6
4 3 4 .0
4 2 2 .6

Industry

DURABLE GOODS...................................
Production u o r k cr s ...............

Ordnance and accessories..............
Lumber and wood products.............
Furniture and fixtures...................
Stone, clay, and glass products . .
Primary metal industries..............
Fabricated metal products..............
Machinery, except electrical . . . .
Electrical equipment......................
Transportation equipment..............
Instruments and related products .
Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . .
NONDURABLE GOODS........................

1 8 9 .9
5 9 6 .4
452. 1
6 3 8 .6
1 ,2 3 8 .9
1 .3 1 9 .4
1 .7 7 2 .4
1 ,7 5 8 .7
1 ,6 8 8 .7
4 3 0 .2
402. 1

Change from
A ug.
1971

S ep t.
1971 P

A “ g.
1971 p

359

7 0 ,8 5 5

7 0 ,5 5 4

7 0 ,5 3 1

301

122

-6 7 8

2 2 ,4 6 0

2 2 ,3 0 0

2 2 ,3 5 8

160

1

-1

619

609

597

10

-5 0

-3 9

3 ,2 3 8

3 ,2 1 8

3 ,2 2 8

20

1 9 .4 8 1
1 4 ,2 0 1

171
187

-6 3 8
-4 5 9

1 8 ,6 0 3
1 3 ,5 1 4

1 8 ,4 7 3
1 3 ,3 8 0

1 8 ,5 3 3
1 3 ,4 4 0

130
134

1 1 .1 9 6
8 ,0 9 6

164
172

-5 4 0
-4 0 0

1 0 ,5 8 2
7 ,6 2 6

1 0 ,4 8 8
7 ,5 2 2

1 0 ,5 5 2
7 ,5 9 4

94
104

2 2 9 .7
577. 1
4 6 0 .2
648. 3
1, 3 1 7 . 1
1 ,3 9 4 .9
1 .9 2 8 .7
1 ,9 0 9 .6
1 ,8 4 2 . 1
4 5 1 .7
4 3 6 .6

- .7
-1 .4
8 .7
.3
- 5 .2
2 5 .8
1 5 .8
3 0 .5
81. 1
3 .4
5 .3

-4 0 . 3
2 3 .4
7 .9
- 3 .6

189
590
465
634

191
58 3
456
627

-2
7
9
7

-1 4 9 .9
-3 7 .0
-1 4 5 .2
-1 0 2 .2
-7 0 .4
-1 4 . 3
- 8 .7

1, 173
1, 35 0
1 ,7 8 9
1 .7 9 4
1 ,7 4 9
437
412

1, 164
1 ,3 3 1
1 ,7 7 5
1 ,7 7 2
1 ,7 4 7
431
41 1

191
579
461
625
1 ,2 2 6
1 ,3 3 5
1 ,7 7 0
1 ,7 7 3
1 ,7 5 1
431
410

8 ,2 8 5
6 , 105

7
15

-9 8

8 ,0 2 1

-5 9

5 ,8 8 8

7 ,9 8 5
5 ,8 5 8

7 .9 8 1
5 ,8 4 6

36
30

-5 .2
9 .2
- .6
4 .2
2 .8
- 1 .8
- 6 .8
- 1 .4
1 5 .9
- 9 .5

1 ,7 6 5
74
958
1 .3 5 9
686
1 ,0 8 1
1 ,0 0 8
190
596
304

1 ,7 6 0
70
958
1 ,3 5 4
680
1 ,0 8 0
1 ,0 0 5
188
582
308

1 ,7 6 2
69
959
1. 349
67 6
1 ,0 8 3
1 ,0 0 8
188
584
303

5
4
0
5
6
1
3
2
14
-4

A ug.
1971

S ep t.
1970

J u ly
1971

9
19
14
22
2
6
1

Production w o rk ers ...............

8 . 187
6 ,0 4 6

8 . 180
6 ,0 3 1

Food and kindred products...........
Tobacco manufactures...................
Textile mill products.....................
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products..............
Printing and publishing................
Chemicals and allied products. . .
Petroleum and coal products . . . .
Rubber and plastics products, nec
Leather and leather products. . . .

1 ,8 9 0 .2
8 6 .9
963. 1
1, 3 7 3 . 1
689. 3
1 ,0 7 9 .5
1 ,0 0 8 , 7
1 9 2 .0
601. 1
3 0 2 .9

1 ,8 9 5 .4
7 7 .7
9 6 3 .7
1 .3 6 8 .9
686. 5
1 .0 8 1 . 3
1 .0 1 5 . 5
1 9 3 .4
5 8 5 .2
312. 4

1 .7 9 7 .0
6 1 .9
9 4 8 .6
1 ,3 0 4 . 1
6 7 7 .7
1 ,0 8 2 .2
1 ,0 1 8 .2
1 9 3 .7
5 7 7 .4
3 0 0 .0

1 .8 9 2 . 1
9 3 .2
974. 3
1 ,3 7 7 .6
7 0 4 .7
1. 1 0 4 .2
1 ,0 4 8 .8
191 . 3
5 8 2 .6
316. 3

SERVICE-PRODUCING.................

4 8 . 273

4 7 ,7 6 6

4 7 ,9 1 1

4 7 ,2 3 6

507

1 ,0 3 7

4 8 ,3 9 5

4 8 ,2 5 4

4 8 ,1 7 3

141

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES...............................

4 , 503

4 .4 9 3

4 ,5 3 4

4 ,5 6 8

10

-6 5

4 ,4 5 4

4 ,4 3 5

4 ,4 7 6

19

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE.

1 5 .2 2 4

1 5 .1 4 1

1 5 .1 3 2

1 4 .9 0 2

83

322

1 5 ,2 5 5

1 5 ,2 1 3

1 5 .1 5 8

42

WHOLESALE TRADE.............................
RETAIL T RAO E.....................................

3 ,8 5 8
1 1 .3 6 6

3 ,8 8 7

3 ,8 7 7

1 1 ,2 5 4

1 1 ,2 5 5

3 ,8 4 1
1 1 ,0 6 1

-2 9
112

17
305

3 ,8 4 3
1 1 ,4 1 2

3 ,8 4 5
1 1 ,3 6 8

3 ,8 3 5
1 1 ,3 2 3

-2
44

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE.........................

3 ,8 2 9

3 ,8 6 5

3 ,8 6 7

3 ,7 0 5

-3 6

124

3 ,8 2 1

3 ,8 0 4

3 ,8 0 6

17

SERVICES.................................

1 1 ,9 8 1

1 1 ,9 8 8

12. 0 4 0

1 1 ,6 8 9

-7

292

1 1 ,9 5 7

1 1 ,9 4 0

1 1 ,9 2 1

17

GOVERNMENT ...........................

1 2 ,7 3 6

1 2 ,2 7 9

1 2 ,3 3 8

1 2 ,3 7 2

457

364

1 2 ,9 0 8

1 2 ,8 6 2

1 2 ,8 1 2

46

FEDERAL .............................................

2 ,6 6 9

2 ,6 9 0

2 ,6 8 8

2 ,6 4 9

-2 1

20

2 ,6 7 7

2 ,6 5 0

2 ,6 4 3

27

STATE AND LOCAL.............................

1 0 .0 6 7

9 .5 8 9

9 ,6 5 0

9 ,7 2 3

478

344

1 0 ,2 3 1

1 0 ,2 1 2

1 0 ,1 6 9

19

p=preliminary.




7 ,9 6 1
5 ,8 0 3

-1 .9
-6 . 3
-1 1 .2
-4 . 5
-1 5 .4
-2 4 . 7
-4 0 . 1
. 7
1 8 .5
-1 3 .4

Toble B-2:

A verag e weekly hour* of production or nonsupervisory w orkers
on p rivate nondgriculturol p ayro lls, by industry
Seasonally

Change from

Sept.
1971p

A u 8*d
1971p

TflTAI P R IV A TE.......................

37. 0

37.4

MIMING - r .................................

42. 0

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION........

Industry

July

1971

Sept.

Aug.

adjusted
July

Change from

1970

Aug.

37. 3

37. 0

- 0. 4

0.0

36. 7

36.9

36.9

- 0. 2

42. 3

42. 6

42. 3

3

3

41.8

42. 0

42. 2

2

37. 3

38. 3

38. 1

36. 2

1.0

1. 1

36. 1

37. 1

37. 1

39.9
3. 1
40. 2
2.9

39. 8
3. 0
40. 1

39.6
3. 1
40. 1
3.0

3

39.6

2. 8

39. 8
2. 9
40. 1
2. 7

39.9

39. 8
2.9
40. 1

40.0
3. 0
40. 4

41.8
40. 6
40.0
42. 0
39.5
40.4
40. 4
40. 2
39.7
40. 2
38.9

41. 7
40.8
40. 5
42.3
39.2
40.4
40. 2
40.0
39.4
39.4
39.2

41. 3
40.4
39. 7
42.0
40. 7
40.3
40. 3
39,6
39.4
39. 5
38.6

39. 9
39. 8
38.9
41.4
41.0
40. 4
40. 2
39.4
40.4
39.7
38. 3

,3
8
-.3

6

41.6
40. 3
39. 4
41.5
39.5
39. 8
40. 3
39. 8
39. 1
39.9
38. 7

41.9
40. 5
40.0
41.8
39.2
40. 3
40, 7
40.0
40.0
39. 6
39.2

41.9
40. 5
40. 1
41.8
40. 6
40. 7
40. 7
40. 1
39.5
39.8
39.2

3
3
5
4
2
-.9
3
-. 5

39.5
3. 3

39.5
3. 1

39.4
3.0

38.9
3. 1

.2

.6
.2

39. 1
3.0

39. 3
3.0

39. 3
3.0

2
0

41. 2
38.8
40. 1
35.6
42. 3
37. 8
41.8
43. 7
40. 6
37. 1

40.8
37.6
40. 7
36. 1
42.6
37. 7
41.3
42. 6
40.4
37. 5

40. 6
39. 3
40. 1
35.8
42.4
37.6
41.3
43.0
40. 1
38.2

40.8
37.6
39. 1
34.2
41.8
37. 7
42.0
43.4
40. 5
36.2

.4

40. 6
37. 3
40. 6
35.8
42. 5
37. 5
41. 5
43.4
40. 2
37. 5

40. 5
39.6
40. 3
35.8
42.4
37.6
41.4
42.6
40. 3
37. 7

.2
.2
-. 7
-. 3

.9

40. 8
37. 5
39.9
35. 5
42.0
37. 5
41.8
43. 8
40. 1
37. 5

..................................................

40. 6

40. 6

38.4

40. 7

0

-.

1

40. 4

40. 4

38.0

0

W H O L E S A L E AND R E T A I L T R A D E .

35. 1

36.0

36. 1

35. 3

-.9

-.

2

35,0

35. 1

35. 3

39.8

40.0

I

IQ
J7.
i3 37.

Q
O

39. 8

*9.6

l

A
O

11

1 1 fl
JJa
O

A
u
ft
V

4

37. 1

37. 3

37. 1

2

2

34. 2

34. 3

34.4

MANUFACTURING.......................

Lumber and wood products........
Stone, clay , add gla ss products . .
Primary metal in d u s t r ie s ...............
Machinery', except electrical . . . .
Electrical c<juipntent •••■••••o
Transportation MjiiipuMi . . . . . .
Instruments and related products
M iscellaneous Manufacturing. . .

.
.

NONDURABLE GOODS........
C/urfiia#
its •

001

Pood and kindred produces • • • ■ •
T obacco manufactures . . . . . . . .
T extile Mill products. . . . . . . . .
Apparel and other textile products
paprf arid allied praAirrs . . . . . .
Printing and publishing ■ • • • • • •
Chem icals and allied products . . .
Petroleum artd coal products . . . .
Rubber and plastics products, nec
Leather and leather products . . . .

T R A N S P O R T A T I O N AN D P U B L I C
u t il it i e s

muai

rcai b tda AC.....................

RETAIL TRADE

..............................................

ll

7

1971

..

-

l

!

1

1

1
2

1.9

.

-.
-.

T.
.

.

5
3
3

0
2

.4

1. 2
-.6

-.
-.

.
.

5
3
1
5

1. 1
. 2

39. 7

-.

2

1

ft

37. 3

37. 1

36. 6

S E R V I C E S .....................................................

34. 1

34. 7

34.8

34. 3

-.
.

i

1.4
.5
, l

-.
.
.

-.

_

6

7
5

1.2
1.0

-.4

33a O

37.0

.6
0
. 2
.8

- 1. 5

.

0

o

.8
1. 1

t2

39.9

F I N A N C E . I N S U R A N C E . AND
p c a i E S T A T E ......................................

.

1

\4
Aa O
ft
3

O

1970

.
.

1Am 7f

11

Sept.

2
1

3

SeP*p
1971p

2. 8

2. 6

1971p

2, 8

A

1971

Aug.

1971

2. 8

*Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing: to construction workers in contract construction: and to nonsupervisory uorker\ in transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of ilu- total employment on private
nonagricultural payrolls,
p ■ preliminary.




-

1.0
-.

2i

-.
-.

2
2

3

-.

-.

2
6

-.

.

-.

-.

.

5
3
4
0

.
.
-.

-.

1
0

i

Table B-3:

A verage hourly and w eekly earnings of production or n on sup ervisory w orkers
on private nonagricultural payrolls, by industry

1 1 tr>

Sept.

Aug.

1971p

19 7 1 p

Average weekly earning$

Average hourly earnings

July

Sept.

1971

1970

Change from

Aug.
1971

$ 3 .4 5

$ 3 .4 3

Sept.

Sept.
1 9 7 1p

Aug.

July

Sept.

1971p

1971

1970

$ 3 .2 9

$ 0 . 19

Sept.

1971

1970

$ 0 .0 3

Change front

Aug.

$ 1 2 8 . 76 $ 1 2 9 . 0 3

1970

$ 1 2 7 .9 4

$ 1 2 1 .7 3

$ - 0 . 27

$ 7 .-3

T O T A L P R IV A T E ..........................

$ 3 .4 8

M I M I N G ........................................................

4 . 14

4. 1 1

4 .0 5

3. 89

.0 3

. 25

1 7 3 .8 8

1 7 3 .8 5

1 7 2 .5 3

1 6 4 .5 5

.0 3

9 . 33

C O N T R A C T C O N S T R U C T I O N -------

5. 86

5. 75

5 .6 8

5. 38

. 11

. 48

2 18 . 58

2 2 0 .2 3

2 1 6 .4 1

1 9 4 .7 6

-1 .6 5

2 ..t,Z

M A N U F A C T U R I N G .................................

3. 60

3. 56

3 .5 7

3 .4 2

.0 4

. 18

1 4 3 .6 4

1 4 1 .6 9

142. 09

1 3 5 .4 3

1 .9 5

8 .2 1

DURABLE GOODS...............................

3. 83

3. 79

3. 7 9

3. 62

. 04

. 21

1 5 3 .9 7

1 5 1 .9 8

1 5 1 .9 8

1 4 5 . 16

1 .9 9

8 .8 1

3 .9 3

3. 89

3. 89

3 .6 5

.0 4

. 28

1 6 4 .2 7

1 6 0 .6 6

1 4 5 .6 4

2. 0 6

18. 63

3. 24

3. 20

3 . 19

3 .0 4

.0 4

. 20

1 3 1 .5 4

1 3 0 .5 6

1 2 8 .8 8

10. 55

2 .9 3

2. 80

. 01

. 14

11 7 . 6 0

1 1 8 .6 7

1 1 5 .5 3

-1 .0 7

8. 68

3. 75

3. 73

2 .9 1
3. 70

1 2 0 .9 9
1 0 8 .9 2

.9 8

2 .9 4

3 .4 5

.0 2

. 30

1 5 7 .5 0

1 5 7 .7 8

1 5 5 .4 0

1 4 2 .8 3

- . 28

14. 67

4 . 19

4 .0 7

Ordnance and a ccessories............
Lumber and wood products............
Furniture and fix tu r e s ..................
Stone, clay, and g la ss products .
Primary metal in d u s t r ie s ............
Machinery, except electrical . . .
Electrical equipm ent.....................
Transportation equipm ent............

4 . 33

4. 28

.0 5

.2 6

1 7 1 .0 4

1 6 2 .2 1

1 6 6 .8 7

3 .2 6

4 . 17

3. 77

3. 7 4

3. 74

3. 60

.0 3

. 17

1 5 2 .3 1

1 5 1 . 10

1 5 0 .7 2

1 4 5 .4 4

4. 05

4. 02

4 .0 0

3. 80

.0 3

. 25

163. 62

1 6 1 .6 0

1 6 7 .7 8

1 6 1 .2 0

1 5 2 .7 6

1 .2 1
2 .0 2

10. 86
1 0 . 71

1 7 0 .5 3

6. 87

3. 53

3 . 51

3 . 51

3. 33

.0 2

. 20

1 .5 1

4. 39

4 . 14

.0 4

. 27

1 7 2 .1 8

1 3 9 .0 0
1 7 2 .9 7

1 3 1 .2 0

4. 37

1 4 1 .9 1
175. 08

1 4 0 .4 0

4 . 41

167. 26

2 .9 0

7. 82

Instruments and related products
M iscellaneous manufacturing. . .

3. 59

3. 56

3 .5 5

3 .4 1

.0 3

. 18

1 4 4 .3 2

1 4 0 .2 6

1 4 0 .2 3

1 3 5 .3 8

4 .0 6

8 .9 4

2 .9 6

2 .9 4

2 .9 4

2. 84

.0 2

. 12

1 1 5 .1 4

1 1 5 .2 5

1 1 3 .4 8

1 0 8 .7 7

- . 11

6 .3 7

NONDURABLE GOOOS...........................

3. 30

3. 27

3 .2 9

3. 14

.0 3

. 16

1 3 0 .3 5

1 2 9 .1 7

1 2 9 .6 3

1 2 2 .1 5

1. 18

8. 20

Food and kindred products . . . .
T oba cco m anufactures..................
T extile mill products.....................
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products............
Printing and p u b lish in g ...............
Chemicals and allied products. .
Petroleum and coal products . . .
Rubber and plastics products, nec
Leather and leather products. . .

3. 34

3. 33

3. 39

3. 20

.0 1

. 14

1 3 7 .6 1

1 3 5 .8 6

1 3 7 .6 3

1 3 0 .5 6

1 .7 5

7 .0 5

3 .0 8

3 . 18

3. 33

2. 88

- . 10

. 20

1 1 9 .5 0

1 1 9 .5 7

1 3 0 .8 7

1 0 8 .2 9

-.0 7

1 1 . 21

2 .5 9
2. 52

2. 58

2. 56

1 0 5 .0 1

1 0 2 .6 6

7. 67

8 9 . 71

8 8 .4 3

9 6 . 19
83. 45

- 1 . 15

.0 3

. 13
.0 8

103. 86

2. 47

2 .4 6
2. 44

.0 1

2. 49

- . 18

6 .2 6

3. 74
4. 28

3. 73
4. 23

3 . 71

4 .0 2

3 .9 9

4. 68

4. 60

1 5 8 .2 0

- . 70

10. 23

.0 5

. 20
. 27

89. 89
1 5 8 .9 0

4 . 21

3. 5 4
4 . 01

1 6 1 .7 8

1 5 9 .4 7

1 5 8 .3 0

1 5 1 .1 8

2 . 31

3 .9 9

3. 7 9

.0 3

. 23

1 6 8 .0 4

1 6 4 .7 9

1 6 4 .7 9

1 5 9 .1 8

3. 25

10. 60
8. 86

4. 60

4. 33

.0 1

1 5 7 .3 0

147. 97

.0 8

. 35

2 0 4 .5 2

1 9 5 .9 6

197. 80

187. 92

8. 56

16. 60

3. 49

3 .4 5

3 .4 4

3. 2 6

. 04

. 23

1 3 7 .9 4

132. 03

2 . 31

9. 66

2. 59

2. 58

2. 50

.0 2

. 11

1 4 1 .6 9
9 6 . 83

1 3 9 .3 8

2 . 61

9 7 . 13

98. 56

9 0 . 50

- . 30

6. 33

U T I L I T I E S ..............................................

4. 29

4. 25

4. 23

3. 9 4

. 04

. 35

1 7 4 .1 7

1 7 2 .5 5

1 6 2 .4 3

1 6 0 .3 6

1 .6 2

1 3 . 81

W H O L E S A L E AND R E T A I L T R A O E

2. 90

2. 88

2. 87

2. 75

.0 2

. 15

1 0 1 .7 9

1 0 3 .6 8

1 0 3 .6 1

97. 08

-1 .8 9

4 . 71

WHOLESALE TRAOE ...........................
RETAIL TRAO E...................................

3. 73

3. 70
2. 58

3. 67

3 .4 8

.0 3

.2 5

1 4 8 .4 5

1 4 8 .0 0

1 4 6 .4 3

1 3 8 .1 6

.4 5

10. 29

2. 60

2. 58

2. 48

.0 2

. 12

8 7 . 62

8 9 . 53

8 9 . 78

83. 82

-1 .9 1

3. 80

R E A L E S T A T E .....................................

3 . 31

3. 30

3. 29

3 . 10

.0 1

.2 1

1 2 2 .4 7

1 2 3 .0 9

1 2 2 .0 6

1 1 3 .4 6

- . 62

9 .0 1

S E R V I C E S ..................................................

3 .0 4

3 .0 0

2. 98

2. 88

.0 4

. 16

1 0 3 .6 6

1 0 4 .1 0

1 0 3 .7 0

9 8 . 78

-.4 4

4. 88

T R A N S P O R T A T I O N AND P U B L I C

F I N A N C E . I N S U R A N C E . AND

Si-c loot note I , (able H - 2.

|i

(.rvlimni.iiy




CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE, EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT— HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

2 . TOTAL UNEMPLOYMENT

1 . CIV ILIA N LABOR FORCE
THOUSANDS

THOUSANDS

n 90000

- 85000

-16OOO
- 5000

- 80000
4000
- 75000
8000

65000

2000

4 . EMPLOYMENT OF AOULT MEN

3 . TOTAL EMPLOYMENT
THOUSANDS

THOUSANOS
n 85000

- 80000

- 75000

- 70000

- 65000

6 . EMPLOYMENT OF TEENAGERS

5- EMPLOYMENT OF ADULT WOMEN

THOUSANOS

THOUSANOS




30000

27500

25000
22500

20000

17500

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES— HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

8 . AOULT MEN

7 . ALL CIV ILIA N WORKERS
PERCENT

PERCENT
-i7 .0

6. 0

6. 0

5 .0

5.0

4 .0

4 .0

3 .0

- 3 .0

2.0

1.0

2.0

10. TEENAGERS

9 . AOULT WOMEN
PERCENT

PERCENT
2 0.0

17.5

15.0

12.5

10.0

12. STATE INSURED

11 . MARRIED MEN
PERCENT

PERCENT
6. 0

5 .0

4 .0

3 .0

2.0

1.0
derived from adm inistrative records of unemployment Insurance systems.




UNEMPLOYMENT— HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

14. NEGRO ANO OTHER RACES

13. WHITE WORKERS

(UNEMPLOYMENT RA TE)

(UNEMPLOYMENT RA TE)
PERCENT

PERCENT

15. FULL-TIME WORKERS

16. PART-TIME WORKERS

(UNEMPLOYMENT R A TE)

(UNEMPLOYMENT RA TE)
PERCENT

PERCENT

17. JOB LOSERS

18. JOB LEAVERS

(NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED)

(NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED)

THOUSANDS

THOUSANDS

19. REENTRANTS

2 0 . NEW ENTRANTS

(NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED)

(NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED)

THOUSANDS




THOUSANDS

-

1000

750
500

NONAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT AND HOURS— ESTABLISHMENT SURVEY
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

21.

2 2 . TOTAL PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT

TOTAL NONAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT

THOUSANOS

THOUSANDS
-175000
*70000
65000
60000
55000
50000

2 4 . EMPLOYMENT IN
SERV ICE-PRO O U CIN G

IN D U S T R IES

THOUSANOS

THOUSANOS

■n55000
H50000
45000
40000
35000
30000

2 6 . AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS—

2 5 . EMPLOYMENT IN MANUFACTURING

TOTAL PR IV A TE
HOURS

THOUSANOS

2 7 . AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS—

2 8 . AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS—

MANUFACTURING
HOURS

MANUFACTURING
HOURS

N O TE: Data for charts 26-28 relate to production or nonauparvlsory workers.
are prelim inary.




Data for the 2 most recant months In charts 21-28

USDL - 71-520
Bureau o f Labor S ta t is t ic s
(202) 961-2913
FOR RELEASE: A.K. Editions
Tuesday, October 5, 1971
EXPLANATORY NOTE CONCERNING AVERAGE EARNINGS AND WAGE CHANGES
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Average hourly and weekly earnings fo r production and nonsupervisorv
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls fo r the month o f September are
scheduled to be released October 8-

The September warnings figures w ill be

based on a survey covering the week o f September 12--18 and w ill be the f i r s t
sucn estimates fo r a period follow in g im position o f the w age-price-rent freeze
on August 15.
Several points should be considered in in terp retin g earnings figures dur­
ing the period o f the freeze.
(1)

Average weekly earnings are the product o f average hourly earnings

times average weekly hours.

As a re su lt, changes in weekly earnings can re­

sult. e n tire ly from a change in the length o f the workweek, without any change
in average hourly earnings.

For example, the average workweek o f a l l private

production and nonsupervisory workers normally d eclines two-tenths o f an hour
between August and September, although ii. manufacturing and some other indus­
try sectors i t usually r is e s .
(2)

Average hourly earnings are computed by dividin g to ta l payrolls by

the to ta l number o f man-hours paid fo r .

Although the w age-price-rent freeze

p rohibits increases in wage rates, average hourly earnings often change with­
out any changes in wage rates.




This can happen in several ways:

- 2 -

(a)

Premium pay fo r overtim e, s h ift d iffe r e n t ia ls , holiday work, e t c .,

w ill continue to be paid during the freeze and, as a re su lt, any changes in
the number o f hours paid fo r at premium rates w ill a ffe c t average hourly
ean

For example, overtime hours worked by manufacturing production

workers usually rise about two-tenths o f an hour between August and September,
[his in i t s e l l could produce an increase o f about 1 cent in average hourly
earnings fo r manufacturing.
(b)

Average hourly earnings r e fle c t the average earnings o f a ll private

payroll production and nonsupervisory workers— f u l l - and part-tim e, high and
low s k ille d , and in a ll occupations and in d u stries.

As a re su lt, i f a larger

proportion o f low-paid workers are employed in one month than in the previous
month, average hourly earnings w ill drop, even i f individual workers in that
month receive the same hourly wage rates.

Conversely, an increase in the pro­

portion o f the more highly paid workers raises the average.

Each September,

substantial numbers o f lower-paid youth leave their jobs to return to sch ool;
because o f this s h ift in worker com position, average hourly earnings ty p ica lly
iis e between August and September by several cents.
The Bureau o f Labor S ta tis tic s publishes monthly in Employment and
Earnings an average hourly earnings series adjusted- for overtime (in manufac­
turing) and for interindustry employment s h ift s .
adjusted for seasonal v a ria tion s.

In addition, these data are

These adjustments allow fo r some, but not

a l l , o f the fa ctors described above.
The above comments on average hourly earnings apply also to the quarterly
data published by the Bureau on "to ta l compensation per manhour."

On the

other hand, quarterly figures fo r across-the-board increases negotiated under




- 3 -

c o lle c t iv e bargaining (general wage changes,, are free o f these d i f f i c u l t i e s .
Quarterly data, however, overJa.) the period o f the w age-price-rent freeze.
Third quarter data (Tuly-Septtmber) cover a period both before and a fte r the
beginning o f the freeze (August 15), and fourth quarter data (OctohorDerember) wi ll cover a period both before and a fte r the end o f the freeze.