Full text of The Employment Situation : September 1970
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NEWS U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR L^ y OFFICE OF I N F O R M A T I O N . W A S H I N G T O N , D.C. 20210 USDJL - 1 1 -4 6 3 B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s (202) 9 6 1 -2 5 4 2 o r 9 6 1 -2 5 3 1 EM BARGOED FOR RELEASE 11:30 A. M . (E D T ) F r id a y , O c t o b e r 2, 1970 THE E M P L O Y M E N T SITU ATIO N : S E P T E M B E R 1970 E m p lo y m e n t r e m a in e d e s s e n t i a l l y u nchanged in S e p t e m b e r , w h ile u n e m p lo y m e n t i n c r e a s e d , the U„ S. D e p a r t m e n t of L a b o r 1 s B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a t is t ic s a n n ou n ced tod ay. The i n c r e a s e in u n e m p lo y m e n t w as c o n c e n t r a t e d am on g 1 6 -2 4 y e a r o ld s (s e a s o n a lly a d ju s t e d ) and b r o u g h t the o v e r a l l u n e m p lo y m e n t rate to 5. 5 p e r c e n t in S e p t e m b e r . 1/ The i n c r e a s e a m on g young w o r k e r s m a y have p a r tly r e f l e c t e d the e a r l i e r - t h a n - u s u a l s u r v e y w e e k , w h ich in c lu d e d L a b o r D ay, and w h ich o c c u r r e d b e f o r e m an y you ng p e o p le had g iv e n up s u m m e r t i m e j o b s e e k i n g e f f o r t s to r e t u r n to school,. J ob le ss rates for m en 25 y e a r s and o v e r w e r e unchanged o v e r the m onth at 3. 0 p e r c e n t , w h ile the rate f o r w o m e n 25 and o v e r e d g e d up f r o m 4. 1 to 40 4 p e r c e n t . N o n a g r ic u lt u r a l p a y r o l l e m p lo y m e n t , a ft e r s e a s o n a l a d ju s t m e n t , r e m a in e d unchanged in S e p t e m b e r at 70. 4 m illion,, T h is m a r k e d the f i r s t m on th s in c e A p r il't h a t p a y r o ll e m p lo y m e n t did not show a d e c l i n e . T ota l c i v i l i a n e m p lo y m e n t (b a s e d on the h o u s e h o ld s u r v e y ) a l s o r e m a in e d unchanged o v e r the m onth. 17 When the s e a s o n a l f a c t o r s a r e r e v i s e d e a r ly in 1971 to take the r e c e n t data” into a c c o u n t , the i n c r e a s e in the u n e m p lo y m e n t rate f o r S e p t e m b e r w ill p r o b a b ly be r e d u c e d , as it w as la st y e a r . Such r e v i s i o n s n o r m a l l y r e d u c e s h a rp m o n t h - t o - m o n t h c h a n g e s in the s e a s o n a lly a d ju s te d f i g u r e s . (See the F e b r u a r y 1970 is s u e of E m p lo y m e n t and E a r n in g s . ) -2 - U n e m p lo y m e nt The n u m b e r o f u n e m p lo y e d p e r s o n s to ta le d 4. 3 m i l l i o n in S e p t e m b e r . U n e m p lo y m e n t u s u a lly f a l l s s u b s ta n tia lly b e t w e e n A u gu st and S e p t e m b e r , but this S e p t e m b e r it f a i l e d to d r o p . A s a r e s u lt , a ft e r s e a s o n a l a d ju s tm e n t, u n e m p lo y m e n t w as up by 375, 000 o v e r the m on th , with f o u r - f i f t h s o f the i n c r e a s e o c c u r r i n g a m o n g w o r k e r s in the 16 to 24 age g r o u p , l a r g e l y m a l e s . The s h a rp r i s e in j o b l e s s n e s s a m o n g young w o r k e r s p a r t ly r e f l e c t e d the im p a c t o f an e a r l i e r - t h a n - u s u a l s u r v e y w e e k this S e p t e m b e r w h ic h in c lu d e d the L a b o r D ay h o lid a y . A s a r e s u lt , the S e p t e m b e r f i g u r e s m a y not have f u lly r e f l e c t e d the u su a l e x it of you th s f r o m the la b o r m a r k e t to b eg in the f a ll s c h o o l t e r m Q E m p lo y m e n t o f 1 6 -2 4 y e a r - o l d s r o s e by 300, 000 in S e p t e m b e r ( s e a s o n a lly a d j u s t e d ) , but t h e r e w a s an i n c r e a s e of 60 0, 000 in t h e ir l a b o r f o r c e . P r i m a r i l y as a r e s u l t o f the i n c r e a s e d u n e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g young w o r k e r s , the o v e r a l l u n e m p lo y m e n t ra te r o s e to 5C 5 p e r c e n t in S e p t e m b e r , the h ig h e s t l e v e l s in c e J a n u a ry 1964. The j o b l e s s ra te f o r m e n 2 0 - 2 4 y e a r s o ld , at 1 1 .0 p e r c e n t , w as up s ig n if ic a n t ly f r o m the 8. 5 p e r c e n t in A u gust and r e a c h e d its h ig h e s t point s in c e July 1961. By w ay o f c o n t r a s t , the u n e m p lo y m e n t rate f o r m e n 25 y e a r s and o v e r w as un ch a n ged o v e r the m on th at 3. 0 p e r c e n t ; the rate f o r m a r r i e d m e n ( 2 .9 p e r c e n t ) w a s a l s o v ir t u a lly un ch a n ged f r o m its A u gust l e v e l . F o r a ll adult m a l e s ( 2 0 - 2 4 and 25 y e a r s and o v e r c o m b i n e d ) , the j o b l e s s ra te r o s e f r o m 3 . 7 to 4 . 0 p e r c e n t . The u n e m p lo y m e n t ra te f o r t e e n a g e r s , at 16.8 p e r c e n t in S e p t e m b e r , w a s up f r o m 15.9 p e r c e n t in A u gu st, r e a c h i n g its h ig h e st point s in c e Jan u ary 1965. J o b l e s s r a t e s r o s e f o r both m a le and f e m a l e y ou th s. F o r adult w o m e n , the j o b l e s s rate r o s e f r o m 4 . 8 to 5.1 p e r c e n t o v e r the m on th . Unlike the u n e m p lo y m e n t i n c r e a s e a m o n g m a l e s , h o w e v e r , the i n c r e a s e f o r w o m e n w as m o s t l y a m o n g th o s e 25 y e a r s and o v e r , w h o s e rate r o s e f r o m 4.1 to 4 . 4 p e r c e n t in S e p t e m b e r . The j o b l e s s rate f o r 2 0 - 2 4 y e a r - o l d w o m e n , at 8 . 4 p e r c e n t in S e p t e m b e r , w as little c h a n g ed o v e r the m on th . N e a r ly t w o - t h i r d s o f the S e p t e m b e r i n c r e a s e in u n e m p lo y m e n t w as a m o n g w o r k e r s w ho had r e e n t e r e d the l a b o r f o r c e o r w e r e new e n tr a n ts , r e f l e c t i n g the i n c r e a s e in u n e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g young w o r k e r s and adult wom en. H o w e v e r , u n e m p lo y m e n t a l s o i n c r e a s e d am on g p e r s o n s w ho lo s t - 3- th e ir la s t jo b , as t h e ir n u m b e r m o v e d up to 2. 5 p e r c e n t o f the l a b o r f o r c e in S e p t e m b e r , s lig h tly a b o v e the l e v e l s r e g i s t e r e d in 3 of the la s t 4 m on th s . The n u m b er o f p e r s o n s u n e m p lo y e d f o r 15 w e e k s o r lo n g e r con tin u ed to r i s e in S e p t e m b e r , m o v in g up to 790, 000; this w as t w ic e the le v e l of ]ast S e p t e m b e r and at the h ig h e s t point s in c e m id -1 9 6 5 . w as 1. 0 p e r c e n t o f the la b o r f o r c e . L o n g - t e r m u n e m p lo y m e n t B e c a u s e o f the i n c r e a s e d s h o r t - t e r m j o b l e s s n e s s a m on g y o u th s, h o w e v e r , the a v e r a g e d u ra tio n of u n e m p lo y m e n t, at 80 9 w e e k s , s h ow ed little change in S e p t e m b e r fo llo w in g d e c l i n e s in A u gust and J u ly . S in ce la s t S e p t e m b e r , the a v e r a g e d u r a tio n has r i s e n by 1 fu ll w e e k , although the S e p t e m b e r a v e r a g e s till r e m a in e d w e ll b e lo w the l e v e l s of m o s t of the e a r l y and m id - 1 9 6 0 1 s. U n e m p lo y m e n t r a t e s f o r both f u l l - t i m e and p a r t - t i m e j o b s e e k e r s r o s e in S e p t e m b e r . The f u l l - t i m e rate r o s e to 5. 0 p e r c e n t , a ft e r hold in g r e l a t i v e l y s tea d y f o r the p a s t 4 m o n t h s . The p a r t - t i m e rate r e a c h e d 8. 6 p e r c e n t , its h ig h e s t point s in c e the s e r i e s beg a n in 1963. O v e r the y e a r , the rate f o r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s has i n c r e a s e d m o r e ra p id ly than f o r p a r t - t im e w orkers. R a t e s of u n e m p lo y m e n t f o r both white and N e g r o w o r k e r s w e r e up in Septem ber. The white rate r o s e f r o m 4. 8 to 5.1 p e r c e n t , the h ig h e st l e v e l s in c e July 1963. The N e g r o r a t e , at 9o 0 p e r c e n t , w as s lig h tly a b ov e the highs r e a c h e d e a r l i e r this y e a r . S e p t e m b e r m a r k e d the e le v e n th m onth out of the la s t 13 in w h ich the r a t io of N e g r o - t o - w h i t e j o b l e s s n e s s w a s b e lo w the 2 - t o - l p a ttern that has p r e v a i l e d f o r m an y y e a r s . A m o n g the o c c u p a t io n g r o u p s , the j o b l e s s rate f o r b l u e - c o l l a r w orkers r o s e f r o m 7. 0 to 70 5 p e r c e n t in S e p t e m b e r , due e n t ir e ly to i n c r e a s e d u n e m p lo y m e n t a m o n g c r a f t s m e n and n o n fa r m l a b o r e r s . The j o b l e s s rate f o r w h it e - c o l l a r w o r k e r s , at 2. 8 p e r c e n t , r e m a in e d r e l a t i v e l y unchanged o v e r the m on th , a ft e r d e c lin in g in Au gust f r o m its 9 - y e a r high r e a c h e d in July. The u n e m p lo y m e n t rate f o r p e r s o n s w h o s e la s t j o b w as in the c o n s t r u c t i o n in d u s try r o s e s h a r p ly o v e r the m on th to 13. 8 p e r c e n t , the h ig h e s t rate s in c e M a r c h 1963. The r i s e in c o n s t r u c t io n u n e m p lo y m e n t a l s o p a r tly r e f l e c t e d the i n c r e a s e d j o b l e s s n e s s a m on g young w o r k e r s o v e r the m onth. - 4 - T h e u n e m p lo y m e n t r a t e f o r w o r k e r s c o v e r e d by State u n e m p lo y m e n t in s u r a n c e p r o g r a m s r o s e s u b s ta n t ia lly in S e p t e m b e r , f r o m 3 . 7 to 4*2 p ercen t. S in ce the S e p t e m b e r s u r v e y w e e k in c lu d e d L a b o r D ay, the i n c r e a s e w a s p a r t ly the r e s u l t o f a d m in is t r a t iv e p r o c e d u r e s u s e d by State e m p l o y m e n t s e c u r i t y a g e n c i e s to c o u n t i n s u r e d u n e m p lo y m e n t d u rin g w e e k s in c lu d in g a h o lid a y . The n u m b e r o f p e r s o n s e m p l o y e d p a r t t im e f o r e c o n o m i c r e a s o n s in n o n a g r ic u lt u r a l i n d u s t r i e s d e c l i n e d by 190, 000 in S e p t e m b e r to 2.1 m illio n * D e s p it e this d r o p , the i n c r e a s e in j o b l e s s n e s s r e s u l t e d in a r i s e in la b o r f o r c e t im e lo s t ; this i s a m e a s u r e o f m a n - h o u r s l o s t to the e c o n o m y th r o u g h u n e m p lo y m e n t and in v o lu n t a r y p a r t - t i m e e m p l o y m e n t a s a p e r c e n t o f to ta l m a n - h o u r s a v a ila b le f r o m th o s e in the l a b o r f o r c e . The p e r c e n t o f la b o r f o r c e t im e l o s t r o s e f r o m 5. 5 to 6* 0 p e r c e n t in S e p t e m b e r . O v e r the y e a r , u n e m p lo y m e n t h as r i s e n by 1. 3 m i l l i o n - - 6 5 0 , 000 adult m e n , 395, 000 adult w o m e n , and 290, 000 t e e n a g e r s * F o u r - f i f t h s o f the i n c r e a s e w a s a m o n g f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , m o s t l y th o s e w ho had l o s t th e ir l a s t jo b s * L a b o r F o r c e and T o t a l E m p l o y m e n t T h e r e w e r e 82* 5 m i l l i o n p e r s o n s in the c i v i l i a n l a b o r f o r c e in S e p t e m b e r , abou t 1. 6 m i l l i o n f e w e r than in A u gu st. The d eclin e was le s s than u su al f o r th is t im e o f y e a r , h o w e v e r , p o s s i b l y r e f l e c t i n g the e f f e c t s of the e a r l i n e s s o f the s u r v e y w e e k . A f t e r s e a s o n a l a d ju s tm e n t, the l a b o r f o r c e w a s up 3 5 5 ,0 0 0 o v e r the m o n th , w ith the i n c r e a s e o c c u r r i n g p r i m a r i l y a m o n g young m e n and t e e n a g e r s * C o m p a r e d w ith S e p t e m b e r 1969, the c i v i l i a n l a b o r f o r c e h as r i s e n by 1. 6 m i l l i o n , w ith n e a r ly t h r e e - f i f t h s o f the i n c r e a s e o c c u r r i n g a m o n g adult f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s . The m a le l a b o r f o r c e g r o w t h r e f l e c t e d the net r e d u c t io n in the n u m b e r o f you ng m e n in the A r m e d F o r c e s o v e r the p a st y e a r . T o t a l e m p lo y m e n t , at 78. 3 m i l l i o n , d e c l i n e d in S e p t e m b e r in lin e w ith s e a s o n a l e x p e c t a t i o n s , and a f t e r s e a s o n a l a d ju s t m e n t w as un ch a n ged o v e r the m on th . S in c e la s t S e p t e m b e r , to ta l e m p l o y m e n t has r i s e n by 230, 000f w ith the i n c r e a s e o c c u r r i n g l a r g e l y a m o n g p a r t - t i m e w o r k e r s . - 5 - P a y r o l l E m p lo y m e n t N o n a g r ic u lt u r a l p a y r o l l e m p l o y m e n t r o s e in lin e with s e a s o n a l e x p e c ta tio n s in S e p t e m b e r to 7 0 o 8 m i l l i o n and, a ft e r s e a s o n a l a d ju s t m e n t , w a s u n ch a n ged f r o m the A u g u st l e v e l . T h is m a r k e d the f i r s t m on th s in c e A p r i l that p a y r o l l e m p l o y m e n t did not d e c l i n e . H o w e v e r , the S e p t e m b e r l e v e l w a s 200, 000 b e lo w a y e a r a g o c .Over the m on th , a 70, 000 d e c l i n e in e m p lo y m e n t in c o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c tion ( s e a s o n a l l y a d ju s t e d ) c o u n t e r e d m o d e r a t e i n c r e a s e s in t r a d e and s e r v i c e s (20, 000 e a c h ) and State and l o c a l g o v e r n m e n t (30, 0 0 0 ) . The c u t b a c k in c o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c t i o n b rou g h t e m p l o y m e n t in this in d u s t r y to 220, 000 b e lo w la s t y e a r . E m p lo y m e n t in m a n u fa c t u r in g , at 19, 3 m i l l i o n ( s e a s o n a l l y a d ju s t e d ) in S e p t e m b e r , w a s u n ch a n ged f r o m A u g u s t f o llo w in g 5 c o n s e c u t i v e m o n th s o f su b s ta n tia l d e c l i n e s . F a c t o r y e m p lo y m e n t w a s un ch a n ged in both the d u r a b le and n o n d u r a b le g o o d s i n d u s t r i e s . E m p lo y m e n t c u t b a c k s in m a c h i n e r y (15, 000) and t r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t (10, 000 ) w e r e o f f s e t by w i d e s p r e a d ga in s e l s e w h e r e in the d u r a b le g o o d s s e c t o r . S in ce S e p t e m b e r 1969, f a c t o r y e m p l o y m e n t has d e c l i n e d by 975, 000, with n e a r ly all o f the r e d u c t io n o c c u r r i n g in d u r a b le g o o d s . H ours of W ork The a v e r a g e w o r k w e e k f o r a ll r a n k - a n d - f i l e w o r k e r s on p r iv a t e n o n a g r i c u l t u r a l p a y r o l l s d r o p p e d 0. 6 h o u r b etw een the A u g u s t and S e p t e m b e r survey w eeks. A v e r a g e w e e k ly h o u r s u s u a lly r i s e b e tw een t h e s e tw o m o n t h s , but this S e p t e m b e r h o u r s w e r e a f f e c t e d by the e a r l i e r - t h a n - u s u a l s u r v e y w e e k w h ic h in c lu d e d the L a b o r D ay h o lid a y . A s a r e s u lt , a f t e r s e a s o n a l a d ju s tm e n t, the a v e r a g e w o r k w e e k f e l l 0. 4 h ou r to 36. 8 h o u r s . w o r k w e e k w a s l o w e r in m o s t m a j o r in d u s t r i e s . The a v e r a g e (In the p a y r o l l e m p lo y m e n t s e r i e s , h o u r s o f w o r k r e la t e to h o u r s paid f o r by e m p l o y e r s du rin g the s u r v e y w eek ; t h e r e f o r e , on ly p e r s o n s not b ein g paid fo r the h o lid a y a re r e p o r t e d as having r e d u c e d w e e k ly h o u r s . ) E a r n in g s A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f p r o d u c t io n and n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s on p r iv a t e p a y r o l l s r o s e 3 c e n t s in S e p t e m b e r to $3. 28. H o u r ly e a r n in g s u s u a lly r i s e in S e p t e m b e r , a s m a n y o f the young p e o p le r e tu r n in g to s c h o o l le a v e j o b s w ith c o m p a r a t i v e l y lo w h o u r ly r a t e s . C o m p a r e d w ith a y e a r a g o , -6 - a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e up 17 c e n t s , o r 5. 5 p e r c e n t . A s a r e s u lt o f the r e d u c t io n s in the w o r k w e e k , a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s d e c l i n e d by 84 c e n t s o v e r the m on th to $121. 36. In m a n u fa c t u r in g , h o w e v e r , a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s r o s e by $ 2 . 04 o v e r the m on th to a r e c o r d $136.17, due to a 6 - c e n t i n c r e a s e in h o u r ly e a r n in g s . C o m p a r e d w ith S e p t e m b e r 1969, w e e k ly e a r n in g s f o r a ll r a n k - a n d - f i l e w o r k e r s i n c r e a s e d by $3. 49, o r 3 .0 p ercen t. O v e r the y e a r ending in A u gu st 1970, a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n in g s r o s e by 4 . 8 p e r c e n t ; a f t e r a d ju s t m e n t f o r c o n s u m e r p r i c e c h a n g e s , h o w e v e r , e a r n in g s w e r e dow n by 0. 8 p e r c e n t . T h ir d Q u a r t e r D e v e lo p m e n t s C iv ilia n la b o r f o r c e and tota l e m p l o y m e n t . In the th ir d q u a r t e r , the la b o r f o r c e a v e r a g e d 8 2 . 8 m i l l i o n ( s e a s o n a lly a d j u s t e d ) , up 3 2 5 ,0 0 0 f r o m the s e c o n d q u a r t e r fo llo w in g a 100, 000 a d v a n c e in the p r e v i o u s q u a r t e r . The i n c r e a s e in the J u l y - S e p t e m b e r p e r i o d w a s l a r g e l y a m o n g adult w o m e n , in c o n t r a s t to the s e c o n d q u a r t e r i n c r e a s e w h ic h w a s e n t ir e ly a m o n g adult m e n . T o t a l e m p lo y m e n t , a fte r d e c lin in g by 4 6 0 ,0 0 0 b etw een the f i r s t and s e c o n d q u a r t e r s , r e m a i n e d r e l a t i v e l y unchanged in the th ird q u a r t e r at 78. 5 m illion . An e m p lo y m e n t i n c r e a s e a m o n g adult f e m a l e s o v e r the q u a r t e r w a s o f f s e t by d e c l i n e s a m on g adult m a l e s and t e e n a g e r s . (T o ta l e m p lo y m e n t in c lu d e s p e r s o n s e m p l o y e d in a g r i c u l t u r e , p r iv a te h o u s e h o ld s e r v i c e , as s e l f - e m p l o y e d and unpaid f a m i l y w o r k e r s , and th o s e on unpaid a b s e n c e s , in a d d itio n to n o n a g r ic u lt u r a l w a g e and s a la r y w o r k e r s . ) U n e m p lo y m e n t . In the th ir d q u a r t e r o f 1970, the n u m b e r o f u n e m p lo y e d p e r s o n s a v e r a g e d 4 . 3 m i l l i o n ( s e a s o n a lly a d j u s t e d ) , up 3 5 5 ,0 0 0 o v e r the q u a r t e r and the h ig h e s t a v e r a g e s in c e f i r s t q u a r t e r 1964. A lthough s u b s ta n tia l, the th ir d q u a r t e r i n c r e a s e in j o b l e s s n e s s w a s s o m e w h a t s m a l l e r than the i n c r e a s e s in the s e c o n d and f i r s t q u a r t e r s o f this y e a r (565, 000 and 495, 000, r e s p e c t i v e l y ) . N e a r ly t h r e e - f i f t h s o f the u n e m p lo y m e n t i n c r e a s e in the th ir d q u a rte r o c c u r r e d a m o n g w o r k e r s who had r e e n t e r e d the la b o r f o r c e , m a in ly adult w o m e n and 2 0 - 2 4 y e a r - o l d m e n . T h is c o n t r a s t e d with the i n c r e a s e s in the 2 p r e v i o u s q u a r t e r s , w h ich w e r e p r i m a r i l y due to h ig h e r j o b l e s s n e s s am on g p e r s o n s who had l o s t th e ir la s t j o b s . F u r t h e r m o r e , o v e r t w o - f if t h s o f the th ird q u a r t e r i n c r e a s e in u n e m p lo y m e n t o c c u r r e d a m o n g p a r t -t im e w o r k e r s ; 7 in the e a r l i e r 2 q u a r t e r s , the u n e m p lo y m e n t i n c r e a s e s to o k p l a c e a l m o s t e n t i r e l y a m o n g f u ll- t im e w o r k e r s . T h e o v e r a l l u n e m p lo y m e n t r a t e , w h ich had r i s e n f r o m 3 . 6 to 4 . 8 p e r c e n t o v e r the f i r s t 2 q u a r t e r s , m o v e d up to 5. 2 p e r c e n t in the J u ly Septem ber q u a rter. J o b l e s s r a t e s f o r m o s t g r o u p s o f w o r k e r s c on tin u ed to i n c r e a s e in the t h ir d q u a r t e r but at a l e s s r a p id p a c e than e a r l i e r in the yearw T h e t h ir d q u a r t e r j o b l e s s r a t e s a v e r a g e d 3 . 8 p e r c e n t f o r adult m e n , 5 . 0 p e r c e n t f o r adult w o m e n , and 1 5 .6 p e r c e n t f o r t e e n a g e r s - - a l l w e r e at t h e ir h ig h e s t p o in ts in o v e r 5 -1 /2 y e a r s . W hite w o r k e r s a c c o u n t e d f o r a ll o f the t h ir d q u a r t e r r i s e in j o b l e s s n e s s , as t h e ir r a te r o s e f r o m 4 . 8 to 4 . 9 p e r c e n t . The jo b le s s rate fo r N e g r o e s , at 8 . 5 p e r c e n t , w a s about the s a m e a s in the s e c o n d q u a r t e r . As a r e s u lt , the r a tio o f N e g r o - t o -w h it e j o b l e s s r a t e s m o v e d dow n to 1. 7 -to -l in the th ir d q u a r t e r , the lo w e s t r a tio s in c e 1953. In d u s t r y e m p l o y m e n t . N o n a g r ic u lt u r a l p a y r o l l e m p l o y m e n t , at 7 0 . 4 m i l l i o n in the th ir d q u a r t e r ( s e a s o n a l l y a d ju s t e d ), w a s dow n by 440, 000 f r o m the s e c o n d q u a r t e r . T h is c o m p a r e d w ith a r e d u c t io n o f 250, 000 b e tw e e n the f i r s t and s e c o n d q u a r t e r s . T h e th ir d q u a r t e r r e d u c t io n in p a y r o l l e m p l o y m e n t r e f l e c t e d a c o n tin u e d c u t b a c k in g o o d s - p r o d u c i n g in d u s t r i e s , along w ith a s m a ll dow n tu rn in the s e r v i c e - p r o d u c i n g s e c t o r . S in ce the f i r s t q u a r t e r o f 1970, e m p lo y m e n t in the g o o d s - p r o d u c i n g i n d u s t r i e s has d e c lin e d b y 8 2 0 ,0 0 0 , w ith n e a r l y f o u r -f ift h s o f the c u t b a c k o c c u r r i n g in m a n u fa c t u r in g . O v e r the s a m e p e r i o d , e m p lo y m e n t in the s e r v i c e - p r o d u c i n g in d u s t r ie s r o s e by 1 3 0 ,0 0 0 . This release presents and analyzes statistics from two major surveys. Data on labor torce, total employment, and unemployment are derived from the sample surveys of households conducted and tabulated by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Statistics on industry employment, hours, and earnings are collected by State agencies from pay roll records of employers and are tabulated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. A description of the two surveys appears in the BLS publication Employment etna Earnings. T a b l e A - l: E m ploy m e n t st at u s off the n o n i n s t i t u t i o n a l p o p u la t i o n b y sex a n d a g e (In thousands) Employment status, age, and sex Sept. Aug. Sept. 1970 1970 1969 Seasonally adjusted Sept. 1970 Aug. 1970 Tuly 1970 Tune 1970 May 1970 Total E m p loyed................../ .............................................. A griculture......................................................... . On part time for economic r e a s o n s ............... Usually work full t im e ................................... Unemployed................................................................ 8 5,6 56 87,2 48 84,5 27 8 6,1 40 85,8 10 8 5,967 8 5,3 04 85,7 83 82,547 8 4,115 7 9 ,8 94 80,9 84 83,0 31 8 2,676 8 2,8 13 7 8 ,2 5 6 7 8 ,0 26 7 8 ,4 24 7 8 ,4 45 7 8 ,6 3 8 8 2,1 25 7 8,225 82,5 55 7 8 ,4 4 9 3 ,5 2 5 3 ,7 8 2 3 ,6 2 9 3 ,3 9 9 3 ,4 2 0 3 ,5 1 9 3 ,5 5 4 3 ,6 1 3 7 4,730 76,1 12 7 4 ,3 97 7 5 ,0 2 5 7 5 ,0 25 75,1 19 7 4 ,6 7 1 7 4 ,8 3 6 2 ,0 4 4 2 ,6 9 7 1 ,8 8 7 2 ,1 1 0 2 ,2 9 8 2 ,3 2 6 2 ,1 0r 2 ,2 4 9 1 ,0 7 1 1 ,3 9 0 1 ,0 8 9 1 ,0 2 9 1 ,3 2 9 1 ,2 4 0 1 ,1 2 6 1 ,2 5 3 973 1 ,3 0 7 798 1 ,0 8 1 969 1 ,0 8 6 979 996 4 ,2 9 2 4 ,2 2 0 2 ,9 5 8 4 ,6 0 7 4 ,2 3 1 4 ,1 7 5 3 ,9 0 0 4 ,1 0 6 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor fo r c e .................................................... E m p loy ed................................................................... A g ricu ltu re............................................................. Nonagricultural in d u s t r ie s ................................ Unemployed................................................................ 47,3 24 4 7,6 52 4 6,6 20 4 7,4 39 4 7,1 78 4 7,2 94 4 7,1 54 47,2 26 4 5,7 62 46,0 30 45,7 06 45,5 22 4 5,4 24 4 5,5 24 4 5,5 21 45,5 93 2 ,5 7 8 4 3,1 84 2 ,6 1 4 2 ,6 6 3 2 ,5 1 0 2 ,5 2 3 2 ,5 9 3 2 ,6 0 3 2 ,6 2 5 4 3,4 16 4 3,0 43 43,0 12 42,9 01 4 2,9 31 4 2,9 18 42,9 68 1 ,5 6 2 1 ,6 2 2 9 14 1 ,9 1 7 1 ,7 5 4 1 ,7 7 0 1 ,6 3 3 1 ,6 3 3 2 8,3 10 2 6 ,7 1 2 2 7,690 2 7 ,7 11 2 8,2 00 2 8,4 47 2 8,5 00 2 8,0 26 27,8 85 2 6,229 2 6 ,5 0 9 2 6,7 50 2 7,0 92 2 7,073 26,7 72 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force .................................................. E m p loy ed ................................................................... A gricu ltu re............................................................. Nonagricultural in d u s t r ie s ................................ Unemployed................................................................ 2 6,4 76 573 581 605 545 573 567 25,904 2 6 ,5 7 8 26,5 28 1 ,2 0 2 1 ,4 5 0 1 ,3 5 5 1 ,4 2 7 2 6,1 99 1 ,2 5 4 2 5,9 09 1 ,5 9 8 2 5 ,6 4 8 1 ,4 6 1 507 2 6,243 514 26,1 38 6 ,9 1 3 8 ,7 7 2 6 ,6 5 3 7 ,3 9 2 7 ,0 5 1 5 ,7 8 2 7 ,6 3 5 374 5 ,8 1 1 362 6 ,1 5 2 587 7 ,0 4 8 38 2 5 ,9 2 9 3 83 5 ,4 4 9 842 5 ,7 7 0 1 ,2 4 0 1 ,4 0 9 Both sexes, 16—19 years Civilian labor fo r c e ..................................................... E m p loy ed ................................................................... A gricu ltu re............................................................. Nonagricultural in d u s t r ie s ................................ Unemployed................................................................ Table A-2: 5 ,4 0 8 1 ,1 3 1 1,1 3 7 7 ,0 1 9 6 ,0 4 1 6 ,9 4 5 5 ,9 3 2 6 ,3 8 0 5 ,5 4 6 • 381 5 ,6 6 0 7 ,4 4 4 378 5 ,5 5 4 5 ,9 5 9 1 ,1 2 2 978 1 ,0 1 3 1 ,0 6 4 421 Full- a n d p art- ti m e s t a tu s off the c iv i li a n la b o r fforce b y s e x a n d a g e (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted Full- and part-time employment status, sex, and age S ept. S ept. 1970 196 9 S ept. Aug. T u ly June May Sept. 1970 1970 1970 1970 1970 1969 Full time Total, 16 years and over: Civilian labor force............................................. Employed.......................................................... Unemployed....................................................... Unemployment rate.......................................... 70,350 6 8,275 7 1,445 71,0 86 7 1 ,1 32 7 0 ,6 5 3 7 1,1 16 68,186 6 7,9 00 6 7 ,7 78 6 7,855 67,5 85 6 7,7 42 7 0 ,3 0 8 67,9 93 3 ,1 4 3 4 .4 2 ,0 7 5 2 .9 3 ,5 4 5 5 .0 3 ,3 0 8 4 .7 3 ,2 7 7 4 .6 3 ,0 6 8 4 .3 3 ,3 7 4 4 .7 2 ,3 1 5 3 .3 Men, 20 years and over: Civilian labor force............................................. Employed.......................................................... Unemployed ....................................... ............. Unemployment rate.......................................... 4 5,1 56 44,6 57 45,1 20 4 4,8 96 4 5,0 42 4 4,9 66 45,0 61 4 4,4 82 43,7 50 4 3,8 72 4 3,4 03 4 3,3 39 4 3,4 03 4 3,4 76 4 3,5 54 4 3,5 24 1 ,4 0 6 3 .1 785 1 ,7 1 7 1 ,5 5 7 1 ,4 9 0 1 ,5 0 7 1 .8 3 .8 3 .5 1 ,6 3 9 3 .6 3 .3 3 .3 958 2 .2 Women, 20 years and over: Civilian laborforce. . ."?•.................................. Employed.......................................................... Unemployed ...................<................................. Unemployment rate.......................................... 2 2 ,4 72 2 2 ,0 98 2 1 ,2 04 2 2 ,2 3 3 2 1,1 02 894 1 ,1 3 1 2 2,295 2 1 ,2 11 1 ,0 8 4 2 1,046 1 ,0 0 4 21,937 20,7 36 1 ,2 0 1 2 2,439 21,3 09 1 ,1 3 0 22,0 50 21,2 71 1,2 0 1 21,8 76 2 1,036 842 5 .3 4 .0 5 .1 5 .0 4 .9 4 .6 5 .5 3 .8 71,329 Part time Total, 16 years and over: Civilian labor force............................................. Employed.......................................................... Unemployed....................................................... Unemployment rate.......................................... 11,2 18 10,6 34 11,6 41 11,9 44 11,6 40 11,4 55 1 1 ,4 2 5 1 1 ,0 72 10,0 69 9 ,7 5 1 10,6 38 10,9 84 10,7 75 1 0,6 85 1 0 ,6 8 9 10,3 01 1 ,1 4 9 1 0.2 883 1 ,0 0 3 8 .3 8 .6 960 8 .0 865 7 .4 770 6 .7 736 6 .4 771 7 .0 N O T E : Persons on part-time schedules for economic reasons are included in the full-time employed category; unemployed persons are allocated by whether seeking full- or pan-time work. T able A-3: M a j o r u n em p lo ym en t indicators (Persons 16 years and over) Thousands of persons unemployed Selected categories Total (all civilian w ork ers)...................................... Seasonally adjusted rates o f unemployment S ept. S ept. S ept. Aug. J u ly 1970 1969 1970 1970 1970 4 ,2 9 2 2 ,9 5 8 5 .5 5 .1 5 .0 3 .7 June 1970 May S ept. 1970 1969 4 .7 5 .0 3 .5 3 .7 3 .5 3 .8 2 .4 Men, 20 years and over Women, 20 years and o v e r ................................ Both sexes, 16-19 y e a r s ................................... 1 ,5 6 2 914 4 .0 1 ,5 9 8 1 ,2 0 2 5 .1 4 .8 5 .0 4 .5 5 .1 3 .9 1 ,1 3 1 8 42 1 6.8 1 5.9 1 3.9 1 4.6 14.3 12.9 W h ite ......................................................................... Negro and other r a c e s ...................................... 3 ,5 2 9 76 2 2 ,4 0 0 5 .1 9 .0 4 .8 4 .7 4 .2 4 .6 3 .5 558 8 .4 8 .3 8 .7 8 .0 6 .7 2 .6 4 .7 1 .7 3 .3 Married men................................................................. Full-time w o rk e r s ....................................................... Part-time w o rk e r s.................................................... Unemployed 15 weeks and ov er1 ............................. State insured2 .......................................................... Labor force time l o s t ^ ............................................... 892 5 14 2 .9 2 .8 2 .7 3 ,1 4 3 2 ,0 7 5 5 .0 4 .7 4 .6 2 .5 4 .3 1 ,1 4 9 883 8 .6 8 .0 7 .4 6 .7 6 .4 7 .0 655 32 4 1 .0 .9 .9 .8 .7 .5 1 ,6 4 6 848 4 .2 3 .7 3 .5 3 .7 3 .6 2 .2 — 6 6 .0 5 .5 5 .4 4 .9 5 .4 4 .3 1 ,2 5 8 932 2 .8 2 .7 3 .1 2 .6 2 .8 2 .2 279 196 1 .5 651 516 3 .9 4 .0 1 .7 4 .4 1 .5 4 .0 2 .1 1 .1 1 .4 83 1 .9 1 .3 2 .2 130 1 .9 1 .5 3 .9 3 .2 4 .0 4 .4 2 .8 4 .4 4 .2 2 .6 Occupation'* White-collar w o r k e r s .................................................. Professional and t e c h n ic a l................................ Managers, o fficia ls, and p r o p r ie to rs ............... Clerical w orkers..................................................... Sales workers ........................................................ Blue-collar w ork ers..................................................... Craftsmen and forem en......................................... Operatives ............................................................. Non farm laborers..................................................... Service w o r k e r s ........................................................... Farm w ork ers................................................................ 1 .0 198 1 ,8 0 4 137 3 .9 3 .9 1 ,0 6 4 7 .5 7 .0 6 .6 3 .4 6 .3 402 17 5 5 .8 4 .4 4 .4 4 .0 1 ,0 0 7 646 7 .6 7 .9 7 .2 6 .8 6 .7 4 .7 1 0.4 9 .1 7 .6 5 .0 4 .9 4 .8 2 .0 3 .5 1 .9 6 .2 395 246 11.7 1 0 .2 598 463 5 .8 5 .5 9 .9 5 .3 115 55 4 .1 2 .8 2 .7 3 ,3 0 5 360 2 ,1 0 6 182 6 .0 1 3 .8 5 .5 1 2.2 1 1 .0 5 .2 1 0 .9 5 .2 1 1.9 3 .9 7 .4 6 .0 5 .3 5 .2 3 .7 Industry'* Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers 5 ...................................................................... C o n s tru ctio n .......................................................... Manufacturing ....................................................... Durable g o o d s ............................................... Nondurable g o o d s ............................................... Transportation and public u t il it i e s .................. Wholesale and retail trade................................... Finance and service in d u s t r ie s ....................... Government wage and salary w orkers..................... Agricultural wage and salary w o r k e r s .................. . 1 ,1 8 9 723 730 6 .1 379 6 .3 5 .5 5 .9 5 .1 4 .9 3 .2 466 351 5 .8 5 .9 6 .2 5 .6 5 .7 4 .3 92 2 .8 2 .0 5 .4 5 .3 3 .3 5 .4 3 .3 538 564 6 .0 5 .0 4 .4 4 .8 4 .1 5 .1 4 .2 4 .5 868 300 283 2 .1 2 .0 1 .9 2 .2 1 .9 11 3 67 1 .9 10.2 8 .2 8 .6 5 .5 9 .3 6 .5 129 754 *Unemployment rate calculated as a percent of civilian labor force. 3 .1 3 .3 3 .4 ^Unemployment by occupation includes all experienced unemployed persons, whereas that by industry covers only unemployed wage and salary workers. ^Insured unemployment under State programs—unemployment rate calculated as a percent of average covered employment. ^Includes mining, not shown separately. ^Man-hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic reasons percent of potentially available labor force man-hours. Tabl e A- 4: 5 .6 / 5 .7 The labor force time lost rate is adjusted to allow for the effects of the Labor Day holiday on hours worked in the September survey week. U n e m p lo y e d p er so n s 16 y e ars a n d o ve r b y du ratio n of u n em p lo ym en t (In thousands) Seasonally adjusted Duration of unemployment Sept. Sept. 1970 1969 Sept. Aug. 1970 June 1970 M ay 1970 J u ly 1970 1970 1969 1 ,7 5 6 Sept. L ess than 5 w e e k s ....................................................... 5 to 14 w e e k s ................................................................ 15 weeks and o v e r ....................................................... 15 to 26 w e e k s ........................................................ 27 weeks and o v e r .................................................. 2 ,4 7 3 1 ,8 6 3 2 ,3 3 1 2 ,2 0 6 2 ,0 6 1 1 ,9 6 1 1 ,1 6 3 771 324 1 ,5 0 1 79 2 1 ,3 2 0 736 1 ,3 3 4 1 ,3 0 3 685 501 479 450 352 240 255 191 133 711 470 2 ,2 1 9 1 ,2 1 4 612 291 257 241 235 260 1 52 Average (mean) duration, in w e e k s ....................... 8 .3 7 .4 8 .9 8 .8 9 .3 9 .5 9 .0 7 .9 655 400 995 392 Ta ble A- 5 : U n e m p lo ye d p e r s o n s b y r e a so n for u n e m p l o y m e n t (Numbers in thousands) S ept. Reason for unemployment S ea son a lly adjusted S ept. 1969 1970 S ept. Aug. 1970 1970 .J u ly Tune May S ep t.1 1970 1970 1970 1969 1 ,9 2 8 1 ,9 1 2 Number of unemployed Lost last j o b .................................................. Left last j o b .................................................. Reentered labor f o r c e ................................. Never worked b e f o r e ................................... 1 ,6 9 8 1 ,8 3 3 1 ,9 4 6 2 ,0 4 8 823 993 675 5 86 556 570 600 5 69 550 483 1 ,4 0 4 1 ,1 0 5 1 ,3 7 1 1 ,2 9 6 1 ,2 8 4 1 ,0 3 6 1 ,1 6 8 1 .0 7 9 514 445 572 495 439 468 464 495 100 .0 100 .0 1 0 0 .0 100 .0 100 .0 100.0 1 00 .0 1 0 0 .0 3 9.5 2 7.8 4 5 .2 4 4 .1 4 8 .2 4 6 .7 32.6 15.7 19.8 4 5 .0 1 2.2 1 3.2 1 4.4 14.2 13.4 32.7 1 5 .8 3 5.4 Percent distribution Total unem ployed......................................... Lost last j o b ............................................ Left last j o b ............................................ Reentered labor fo r c e .............................. Never worked before................................ 3 7.4 30.2 3 0.1 3 0.9 25.9 1 2 .0 15.0 12.6 11.5 10.6 11.7 2 8.5 1 1.3 2 .1 1 .0 2 .5 2 .3 16.2 Unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force Lost last j o b ............... Left last j o b ............... Reentered labor force. Never worked before . 1 .2 2 .1 2 .3 2 .3 .8 .7 .7 .7 .8 .6 .4 1 .7 1 .5 1 .6 .7 1 .3 .7 1 .7 1 .4 1 .3 .6 .5 .7 .6 .5 .6 .6 .6 T ab le A>6: Thousands o f persons U n e m p l o y e d p e r s o n s b y a g e a n d se x Percent S e a s o n a ll y a d ju s t e d unem p loym ent rates l o o k in g for full-tim e A g e and s e x Sept. Sept. 1970 1969 work Sept. 1970 Sept. Aug. J u ly June May Sept. 1970 1970 1970 1970 1970 1969 5 .5 5 .1 5 .0 4 .7 5 .0 3 .8 1 3 .9 15.2 14.6 1 4.3 12.9 1 6.0 1 5.6 1 6 .1 1 3.3 1 3.8 10.6 T o t a l , 16 y e a r s a n d o v e r ...................................... 4 ,2 9 2 2 ,9 5 8 73.2 16 to 19 y e a r s ........................................................... 16 a nd 17 y e a r s ................................................. 1 ,1 3 1 842 4 7 .4 16.8 544 2 2 .6 19.6 18 a n d 19 y e a r s ................................................. 587 430 412 15.9 17.4 7 0.4 1 4 .6 14.7 1 3.2 2 0 t o 24 y e a r s ........................................................... 2 5 y e a r s a nd o v e r ................................................. 998 625 8 3 .4 9 .8 8 .3 8 .6 7 .4 2 ,1 6 2 1 ,4 9 1 1 ,2 0 2 8 2 .1 3 .5 3 .6 3 .4 3 .5 3 .2 8 .1 3 .3 2 .4 3 .6 3 .7 3 .3 3 .4 2 .5 6 .5 25 to 54 y e a r s ............................ ........................ 55 y e a r s a n d o v e r ............................................. 1 ,7 5 3 410 288 8 2 .5 8 0 .0 3 .1 2 .7 2 .9 3 .0 3 .3 2 .2 M a l e s , 16 y e a r s an d o v e r ...................................... 2 ,1 4 2 1 ,3 2 1 7 7.4 5 .0 4 .6 4 .5 4 .3 4 .4 3 .2 16 t o 19 y e a r s ........................ .................................. 16 a n d 17 y e a r s ................................................. 18 a n d 19 y e a r s ................................................. 580 407 227 4 3 .4 -1 6 .7 1 9.6 1 5.8 297 283 180 2 0 to 24 y e a r s ........................................................... 25 y e a r s a nd o v e r ................................................. 6 2 .9 8 5 .0 1 ,0 2 7 632 9 2 .6 474 9 5 .0 55 y e a r s a nd o v e r ............................................. 785 242 157 F e m a l e s , 16 y e a r s a n d o v e r ............................... 2 ,1 5 0 16 to 19 y e a r s ........................................................... 16 a n d 17 y e a r s ................................................. 552 25 to 54 y e a r s .................................................... 18 a nd 19 y e a r s ................................................. 2 0 to 24 y e a r s ............................... ........................... 2 5 y e a r s a n d o v e r ................................................. 25 t o 54 y e a r s .................................................... 55 y e a r s a n d o v e r ............................................. 14.1 1 4.8 17.2 1 5.2 16.6 1 5.0 1 6.4 14.1 14.6 1 3.6 1 3 .2 1 4.6 1 5.0 9 .4 1 1.0 8 .5 9 .1 7 .7 6 .4 3 .0 3 .0 3 .0 2 .9 2 .9 1 .8 8 4.7 2 .9 3 .1 3 .0 2 .9 3 .0 2 .8 2 .9 2 .8 2 .8 3 .1 1 .8 2 .0 1 ,6 3 8 6 9.1 6 .4 5 .9 5 .9 5 .5 5 .9 5 .0 435 204 5 1.4 247 2 0.2 16.9 1 9 .6 304 231 7 7 .0 535 282 2 4.6 - 7 .2 12.0 1 6.0 13.7 14.3 1 3 .4 14.2 1 7.6 15.1 1 5.3 1 4.6 17.7 1 2 .7 13.4 1 2.9 1 2.0 463 343 8 1 .4 1 5 .1 8 .4 14.9 8 .0 8 .1 7 .7 8 .7 6 .6 1 ,1 3 5 859 72.6 4 .4 4 .1 4 .5 3 .8 4 .2 3 .4 967 728 7 2.5 4 .8 4 .6 4 .8 4 .1 4 .3 3 .7 16 8 131 7 3.2 3 .2 2 .5 3 .1 3 .2 3 .6 2 .5 T able B - l : Em ployee s o? n on ag ricu ltu ra l pay rol ls, b y industry, (In thousands) Seasonally adjusted Industry Sept. 1970p A u S* p 1 9 7 0P Ju ly 1970 Sept. 1969 C hange from Change from Sept. Aug. 1970 Sept. 1970P Aug p 1970p July 1970 1969 Aug. 1970 TOTA L.................................. 70, 760 7 0 ,5 3 4 70, 602 7 0 ,9 6 4 226 -2 0 4 70, 380 70, 384 70, 546 -4 M I N I N G ......................................... 621 637 ,635 630 -16 -9 614 620 618 -6 C O N T R A C T C O N S T R U C T IO N ......... 3 ,4 6 8 3, 6 0 1 3, 572 3, 6 8 7 -133 -219 3 ,2 3 2 3, 301 3, 3 1 4 -69 M A N U F A C T U R IN G ......................... 19,5 0 8 1 9 ,4 5 4 1 9 ,3 2 5 2 0 ,4 8 2 54 -974 1 9 ,2 7 6 1 9 ,2 7 6 1 9 ,4 0 2 0 Production w o rk e rs ................ 1 4 ,2 1 0 14, 110 1 3 ,9 5 8 1 5 ,0 4 1 100 -831 1 3 ,9 9 6 13 ,9 7 8 1 4 ,0 9 0 18 1 1 ,2 0 3 8, 093 11, 104 7, 966 1 1 ,1 5 6 7 ,9 9 3 1 2 ,0 3 0 8, 767 99 1 27 -827 -674 1 1 ,1 3 7 8, 036 11 ,1 3 3 8, 015 11, 21 7 8, 082 4 16 232. 5 Ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s ............... 582. 3 Lumber and wood p rodu cts............... 4 54. 9 Furniture and fi x t u r e s ...................... 648. 3 Stone, clay , and g la ss products . . Primary metal in d u s t r ie s ............... 1 , 3 0 6 . 9 Fabricated metal products................ 1 , 3 9 9 . 2 Machinery, except electrica l . . . . 1 , 9 2 1 . 1 E lectrical equip m ent......................... 1 , 9 1 8 . 4 238. 2 589. 5 456. 1 647. 6 1, 3 0 7 . 4 1, 3 8 4 . 3 1 ,9 3 6 . 7 242. 6 589. 0 446. 2 6 4 3 .8 1 ,3 1 6 . 6 1, 3 7 0 . 0 305. 8 616. 7 486. 8 669. 0 1, 3 7 3 . 9 1 ,4 5 9 . 6 2, 0 3 2 .9 -5 . 7 -7 . 2 -1 .2 . 7 -. 5 14. 9 -15. 6 -73. 3 -34. 4 -3 1 .9 -20. 7 -67. 0 -6 0 . 4 -1 1 1 .8 233 572 452 636 1,3 1 3 1, 3 9 2 239 568 452 1 ,9 2 9 629 1 ,3 0 0 1, 3 8 6 1,9 4 3 243 570 454 628 1, 3 0 1 1, 3 8 7 1,9 6 9 -6 4 0 7 13 6 -1 4 7. 3 104. 5 -1 3 9 .0 -2 4 5 .6 1 ,9 1 1 1,8 2 7 1 ,905 1 ,9 3 4 1 ,8 3 9 1, 8 5 3 6 -12 456 416 453 419 458 420 3 -3 DURABLE GOODS.............................. .. • Production w o rkers ................ Transportation equipm ent................ 1, 8 5 0 . 9 456. 1 Instruments and related products . 1 ,9 1 1 . 1 1 ,7 4 6 .4 1 ,9 6 9 . 3 1 ,913. 2 2 ,0 5 7 .4 1 ,7 9 5 .0 2 ,0 9 6 .5 457. 2 412. 9 476. 8 454. 9 -. 2 1.6 i -2 0 . 7 -22. 5 M iscellaneous manufacturing . . . . 432. 4 456. 3 430. 8 NONDURABLE GOODS............................ 8, 305 8, 350 8 , 169 8 ,4 5 2 -45 -147 8 , 139 8 , 143 8 , 18 5 -4 Production w o rk e rs ................ 6, 117 6, 144 5 ,9 6 5 6, 274 -27 -157 5, 960 5, 963 6, 008 -3 Food and kindred p r o d u c t s ............ 1 , 9 1 5 . 1 82. 3 T ob a cco m a nufactures...................... 957. 2 T extile mill p rod u cts......................... Apparel and other textile products 1, 3 8 4 . 3 1 ,9 3 0 . 7 87. 8 958. 3 1 ,3 9 1 .6 1 ,8 2 6 .4 7 1 .8 948. 2 1, 3 4 6 . 8 1 ,9 2 8 .8 97. 6 9 9 7 .2 1 ,4 2 1 .4 7 3 0 1 1 ,7 8 6 70 952 1, 3 7 2 1,791 81 951 1, 3 7 5 1 ,7 8 9 81 955 1 ,3 9 3 -5 -11 1 711. 3 Paper and allied prod u cts............... Printing and p u b lis h in g .................. 1 , 1 0 8 . 0 Chem icals and allied prod u cts. . . 1 , 0 5 7 . 8 193. 7 Petroleum and coa l products . . . . 573. 9 Rubber and p la stics products, nec 321. 4 Leather and leather products . . . . 712. 5 1 ,1 0 4 .5 1, 0 6 6 . 0 196. 5 571. 3 3 3 0 .4 709. 8 1, 1 0 4 . 8 1, 0 6 6 . 0 197. 3 -1 .2 3. 5 -8 . 2 -2. 8 2. 6 704 706 1, 1 0 5 1 ,0 5 4 4 1, 1 0 9 1, 0 5 8 1, 1 0 3 1 ,0 5 3 -9. 0 -6. 7 9 .5 -6. 1 1. 8 -25. 1 -1 4 . 7 708 569. 7 328. 0 718. 0 1 ,098. 5 1 ,0 6 3 .9 1 9 1 .9 599. 0 336. 1 191 571 322 191 569 325 191 578 333 6 5 0 2 -3 -15. -5. -1 . -7 . 6 5 1 3 -1 3 . -15. -4 0 . -37. , -3 T R A N S P O R T A T IO N A N D P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S .................................. 4, 576 4, 576 4 , 593 4, 508 0 68 4, 526 4, 522 4, 539 4 W H O LE SA LE A N D R E T A IL T R A D E . 1 4 ,9 0 6 1 4 ,8 6 7 1 4 ,9 2 4 14 ,7 1 4 39 192 1 4 ,9 3 1 1 4 ,9 1 0 1 4 ,9 3 3 21 3 ,8 5 3 11 ,0 5 3 3 ,8 8 9 1 0 ,9 7 8 3 ,9 0 2 11 ,0 2 2 3, 781 1 0 ,9 3 3 -36 75 72 120 3 ,8 3 4 1 1 ,0 9 7 3 ,8 4 3 1 1 ,0 6 7 3 ,8 5 6 11 ,0 7 7 -9 30 F IN A N C E , IN S U R A N C E , A N D R E A L E S T A T E ........................... 3, 6 86 3, 73 0 3, 738 3 ,595 -4 4 91 3, 6 7 5 3 ,6 6 8 3, 676 7 S E R V I C E S .................................... 1 1 ,5 4 5 1 1 ,6 4 2 1 1 ,6 9 8 1 1 ,3 0 0 -97 245 11 ,5 3 3 11 ,5 1 5 1 1 ,5 1 4 18 G O VERNM ENT WHOLESALE TRAD E.............................. RETAIL T R A D E ....................................... ............................. 1 2 ,4 5 0 1 2 ,0 2 7 12, 117 12 ,0 4 8 423 402 12 ,5 9 3 12, 5 7 2 12, 5 5 0 21 FEDERAL ............................................... 2 ,5 9 8 2 ,6 7 5 2, 700 2, 733 -77 -135 2, 611 2 ,6 2 3 2 ,6 2 7 -1 2 STATE AND LOCAL............................... 9 ,8 5 2 9 ,3 5 2 9 ,4 1 7 9 , 315 500 537 9 ,9 8 2 9 ,9 4 9 9 ,9 2 3 33 p : preliminary. T a b l e B-2: A v e r a g e w eek ly hours of production or n o n su p erv iso ry w o rke rs on p riv ate n o n a g ric u ltu ra l p a y r o lls , by industry Seasonally adjusted Change from Industry Sept. 1970 p A u g* D 1970 p J u ly 1970 Sept. 1969 1969 Sept. 1970 P Sept. Aug. 1970 Aug. 1970 p Ju ly 1970 Change from Aug. 1970 TOTAL P R IV A T E .................... 37. 0 3 7 .6 3 7 .6 37. 9 -0. 6 -0 .9 36. 8 37. 2 37. 3 -0 . 4 M I N I N G ......................................... 42. 4 4 2 .6 42. 9 43. 4 -. 2 -1 .0 42. 1 42. 1 42. 5 0 C O N T R A C T C O N S T R U C T IO N ......... 35. 8 38. 5 38. 5 39. 3 -3. 5 34. 7 37. 3 37. 4 -2. 6 M A N U F A C T U R IN G .................................. Overtime h o u rs .................................. 39. 7 3. 0 39. 8 3 .0 3 9 .9 2 .9 41. 0 4. 0 -. 1 0 -1. 3 -1 .0 39. 4 2. 7 39. 8 3. 0 40. 1 3. 0 -. 4 -. 3 DURABLE GOODS................................... Overtime hours ....................... 4 0 .4 3. 0 40. 2 40. 3 2. 9 41. 7 4. 2 . 2 . 1 -1 . 3 -1. 2 40. 1 2. 7 40. 3 2. 9 40. 7 3. 1 -. 2 -. 2 Ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s ................ Lumber and wood p rodu cts............ Furniture and fi x t u r e s ...................... Stone, cla y , and g la ss products . . 40. 0 3 9 .5 39. 1 41. 3 41. 1 40. 6 4 0 .0 40. 1 40. 2 3 9 .5 41. 5 40. 4 40. 6 40. 4 40. 3 40. 3 3 9 .9 39. 0 41. 0 40. 5 40. 5 40. 9 39. 8 4 0 .0 3 9 .8 38. 4 -.6 -. 8 -1 . 6 -1 . 1 -1. 0 -X .5 -2 .7 -1 . 5 . 4 -2 .5 -1. 3 39. 7 39. 2 38. 5 40. 8 41. 1 4 0 .0 2 7 7 9 40. 6 40. 3 40. 7 42. 4 42. 1 42. 1 4 2 .7 40. 7 42. 3 41. 2 1 39. 42. 38. 37. 3 9 .8 3 9 .7 38. 8 41. 3 4 0 .6 40. 9 40. 6 3 9 .8 4 0 .7 39. 39. 41. 40. 41. 41. 40. 41. 40. 39. 1 -.6 -. 7 -. 5 -. 2 .6 -. 5 -1 . 0 -1 . 0 1. 3 -1 . 5 -. 7 NONDURABLE GOODS............................ Overtime h o u rs ......................... 38. 8 2. 8 3 9 .4 3. 1 F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s ............. T ob a cco m a nufactures...................... T extile mill p rod u cts......................... 4 0 .7 38. 8 Printing and p u b lis h in g .................. Chem icals and allied produ cts. . . Petroleum and coa l products . . . . 39. 1 34. 1 41. 6 37. 4 4 2 .0 43. 4 Rubber and pla stics products, nec Leather and leather produ cts. . . . 3 9 .9 35. 5 T R A N S P O R T A T IO N A N D P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S .................................. W H O L E SA L E A N D R E T A IL T R A D E . 2 .9 -2 .7 39. 2 -.7 -. 4 2 . 7 0 -.4 -.6 2. 7 -1. 1 -. 5 39. 3 2. 9 4 0 .0 3. 7 -.6 -. 3 -1 . 2 41. 3 3 7 .8 40. 7 37. 5 4 1 .8 -.6 3 9 .9 3 5 .5 41. 8 3 6 .9 3 7 .9 1 .0 -.8 -1. 4 -. 2 -. 5 .8 . 3 -.6 -1. 4 -1 . 1 -. 2 -1. 9 -1 .7 -1 .7 3 7 .9 41. 2 43. 1 40. 5 3 9 .9 35. 4 4 1 .7 37. 8 41. 4 4 3 .4 4 0 .4 39. 0 41. 0 35. 8 43. 3 3 8 .6 4 1 .8 4 2 .6 41. 5 36. 8 -1. 2 . 2 . 8 -1 .6 -1. 3 3 9 .9 37. 2 38. 8 34. 1 41. 2 37. 1 42. 0 43. 0 39. 4 3 5 .8 40. 5 4 0 .9 41. 1 41. 0 -. 4 -. 5 40. 3 40. 6 40. 7 -. 3 35. 2 36. 3 36. 2 35. 7 -1. 1 -. 5 35. 1 35. 4 35. 4 -. 3 3 9 .6 33. 8 40. 1 3 5 .0 40. 3 34. 9 40. 3 34. 2 5 -1. 2 -. 7 4 3 9 .6 3 3 .9 39. 9 33. 9 40. 0 33. 9 -. 3 0 F IN A N C E . IN S U R A N C E . A N D R E A L E S T A T E ........................... 36. 8 36. 9 36. 8 37. 0 -. 1 -. 2 3 6 .9 36. 9 36. 8 0 S E R V I C E S .................................... 34. 5 35. 0 34. 9 3 4 .6 -. 5 -. 1 34. 6 34. 7 34. 6 -. 1 Primary metal in d u s t r ie s ............... Fabricated metal products................ Machinery, except electrica l . . . . E lectrica l equipm ent......................... Transportation equipm ent................ Instruments and related products . M iscellaneous manufacturing . . . . Apparel and other textile products Paper and a llied prod u cts............... WHOLESALE TRADE .............................. RETAIL T R A D E ....................................... 3 9 .9 38. 4 -.9 8 3 2 7 3 1 4 2 3 3 9 .9 38. 9 42. 0 38. 5 37. 7 3 9 .9 40. 7 40. 0 38. 4 38. 5 2. 5 39. 2 3. 0 39. 3 2 .9 -. 7 -. 5 40. 8 37. 5 40. 2 39. 35. 41. 37. 41. 43. 40. 36. 8 1 6 7 3 0 4 7 3 7 .9 40. 3 35. 5 41. 7 37. 9 41. 5 42. 6 40. 8 37. 6 -.9 -. 3 -1 . 0 -1 . 0 -. 4 -.6 . 7 0 -1 . 0 . *Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing: to construction workers in contract construction: and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths o f ihe total employment on private nonagricultural payrolls. -.9 T a b l e B-3: A v e r a g e ho urly a n d w e e k l y e a r n i n g s o f p r o d u c t i o n or n o n s u p e r v i s o r y w o r k e r s on p ri v a te n o n a g r i c u l t u r a l p a y r o l l s , by in d u s tr y Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings Change from b 6pt« Aug. 1970 1969 Sept 1970P Aug. 1970 P $ 0 .0 3 $ 0 . 17 $ 1 2 1 .3 6 $ 1 2 2 . 20 $ 1 2 1 .4 5 3 . 65 .0 4 . 23 1 6 4 .5 1 1 6 3 .5 8 5. 20 4 . 92 .0 5 .4 2 1 9 1 .1 7 3. 37 3. 37 3. 24 .0 6 . 19 3 .5 8 3. 57 3. 44 .0 6 .2 0 3 .4 6 2. 84 2 . 68 3 . 25 3 .8 7 3 .4 0 3 . 63 3 . 13 3 .9 4 .0 3 . 19 . 18 . 14 .2 1 . 24 . 22 Sept. 1970p Aug, 1970p Ju ly 1970 Sept. 1969 TOTAL P R IV A T E . ................. $ 3 . 28 $ 3 . 25 $ 3 . 23 $ 3 . 11 M I N I N G ....................................... 3. 88 3. 84 3. 82 C O N T R A C T C O N S T R U C T IO N ------- 5. 34 5 .2 9 M A N U F A C T U R IN G ....................... 3. 43 DURABLE GOODS................................ 3. 64 Industry Ordnance and a cce s s o rie s . . . . Lumber and wood products . . . . Furniture and f i x t u r e s ............... Stone, clay , and g la ss products Primary metal industries . . . . Fabricated metal products. . . . Machinery, except electrical . . F lectrical eq uip m ent................... Transportation equipment . . . . Instruments and related products M iscellaneous manufacturing. . . NONDURABLE GOODS F ood and kindred products . . . . T ob a cco m a nufa ctures.................. T extile mill prod u cts..................... Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied p rod u cts............ Printing and p u b lis h in g ............... C hem icals and allied products . . Petroleum and coal products . . . Rubber and p la stics products, nec Leather and leather products . . . T R A N S P O R T A T IO N A N D P U B L IC U T I L I T I E S .............................. W H O L E S A L E A N D R E T A IL T R A D E WHOLESALE TRADE RETAIL TRADE • • . F IN A N C E , IN S U R A N C E , A N D R E A L E S T A T E ................ S E R V IC E S » loot n o lo 1, t a b le li- 2 . |.ri’l im i n.iry. 3 . 65 3. 62 3. 60 3 .0 2 2. 82 3 .4 6 4 . 11 3 . 62 3 . 81 3. 35 4 . 13 3 .4 3 2. 85 3 .0 5 2 . 81 3 .4 3 3 .9 9 3 .5 6 3 .7 7 3 .3 1 4 . 10 3 .3 7 2. 82 2 .9 8 2 .7 8 3 .4 2 3 .9 4 3. 54 3. 77 3 .3 2 4 .0 8 3 . 33 2. 82 3 . 13 3 .0 8 3 . 12 -.0 3 .0 1 .0 3 - $ 0 . 84 $ 3 .4 9 1 6 3 .8 8 1 5 8 .4 1 .9 3 6 . 10 2 0 3 .6 7 2 0 0 .2 0 1 9 3 .3 6 - 1 2 . 50 - 2 . 19 1 3 6 .1 7 1 3 4 .1 3 1 3 4 .4 6 1 3 2 .8 4 2 .0 4 3 .3 3 1 4 7 .0 6 1 4 3 .9 2 1 4 3 .8 7 1 4 3 .4 5 3 . 14 3 . 61 1 4 6 .0 0 1 4 5 .1 6 1 2 2 .6 1 1 1 1 .0 0 1 4 2 .3 5 1 6 1 .2 0 1 4 4 .5 4 1 5 2 .3 1 1 3 1 .7 4 1 4 0 .4 8 1 1 4 .4 5 1 0 9 .0 8 137. 80 1 6 2 .9 3 1 4 3 .1 4 1 5 5 .0 0 1 2 7 .3 9 166. 66 1 3 1 .4 3 1 0 5 .0 6 .8 4 -3 . 32 - . 74 .5 5 7. 72 2 .4 3 1 6 4 .0 0 1 3 4 .1 3 1 0 8 .2 9 1 4 3 .2 8 1 1 8 .3 1 1 0 7 .8 6 1 4 1 .2 5 1 5 9 .9 6 1 4 4 .7 9 1 5 3 .0 6 1 3 2 .1 4 1 6 6 .0 6 1 3 2 .8 7 1 0 8 .2 9 1 2 1 .4 4 1 2 1 .3 5 1 2 1 .4 4 1 2 9 .4 3 1 2 8 .8 6 1 0 5 .4 6 9 7 . 36 8 5 .5 6 1 4 5 .8 8 1 2 8 .6 1 1 1 3 .6 3 9 6 .9 6 8 4 . 61 1 4 4 .7 0 1 4 8 .1 8 3 . 19 2. 68 3 .0 9 2 .9 5 .0 5 . 18 3 . 16 3 .0 3 2 .4 3 .0 6 .0 5 .0 1 .0 4 .0 4 .0 4 .0 6 .0 7 0 .0 3 . 21 . 33 .0 4 .0 9 . 12 1 5 9 . 18 1 8 7 .4 9 1 2 8 .4 8 8 8 . 75 2 . 50 2 .3 9 3 .4 7 3 .9 2 3 .7 1 4 . 25 3 .2 1 2 .4 8 3. 90 3. 89 3 .8 7 3 . 71 .0 1 . 19 2. 75 2. 72 2 .7 1 2 .5 9 .0 3 3 .4 5 2 .4 8 3 .4 4 2 .4 4 3 .4 2 2 .4 4 3. 28 2. 33 3. 08 3 .0 8 3 .0 6 2 .9 1 2. 86 2 .8 3 3 .7 9 4 . 32 3. 22 $ 1 1 7 .8 7 . 19 .2 4 .1 7 3 .4 9 3 .9 4 3 .7 3 4 . 25 3. 22 2 .4 7 2 .7 9 2 .4 4 2 .4 1 .1 1 . 22 . 23 . 27 . 28 Change front Sept. 1969 . 12 .0 6 .0 4 .0 4 .0 3 .0 6 .0 3 • 18 .2 2 Sept. A Ug . 1970 1 1 9 .2 9 1 1 0 .2 6 1 4 2 .9 0 1 6 8 .9 2 1 4 6 .9 7 1 5 2 .4 0 1 3 1 .3 2 1 7 6 .3 5 1 3 2 .7 4 1 0 8 .0 2 2 .9 7 2 .5 1 2 .4 1 2. 34 3 . 31 3 . 75 3. 52 4. 04 3 . 13 2 . 38 3 . 18 2. 84 2. 45 2. 45 3 .5 3 3 .9 8 Ju ly 1970 1 1 0 . 19 9 5 .8 0 8 3 .5 5 1 4 6 .8 5 1 4 8 .8 5 1 4 9 .3 3 1 5 3 .6 8 1 8 3 .1 8 1 3 0 .4 1 1 5 3 .5 9 1 8 4 .4 5 1 2 9 .6 8 1969 .0 9 - -.4 2 1 2 .3 5 5. 4. 1. 5. 52 84 18 10 5 .9 9 3. 83 -2 .6 0 3 .9 3 - 1 . 39 '.2 7 9. 69 1. 31 2 .9 6 1 1 8 .0 0 .0 9 3 .4 4 1 2 4 .1 5 .5 7 4 . 73 -1 .5 6 -2 .0 1 .9 7 -. 48 5 .5 0 5. 28 1 2 .3 0 - 3 . 01 -.2 2 3 . 53 4 . 10 1 2 .0 4 4 . 31 -1 .9 3 -2 .3 9 1 5 .3 9 -1 .4 2 1 .1 7 9 7 . 89 9 8 .8 1 8 3 . 77 1 4 3 .3 2 1 4 4 .7 5 1 4 7 .1 4 1 7 2 .1 0 9 1 . 14 9 3 .9 9 1 2 9 .9 0 8 7. 58 1 5 7 .9 5 1 5 9 . 10 1 5 9 .0 6 1 5 2 .1 1 - 1 . 15 5 .8 4 . 16 9 6 .8 0 9 8 . 74 9 8 . 10 9 2 .4 6 -1 .9 4 4 . 34 . 01 .0 4 . 17 . 15 1 3 6 .6 2 8 3 .8 2 1 3 7 .9 4 8 5 .4 0 1 3 7 .8 3 8 5 . 16 1 3 2 . 18 7 9 . 69 -1. 32 -1 . 58 4 .4 4 4 . 13 2 .9 3 0 . 15 1 1 3 .3 4 1 1 3 .6 5 1 1 2 .6 1 1 0 8 .4 1 -.3 1 4 .9 3 2. 67 .0 5 . 24 1 0 0 .4 0 1 0 0 .1 0 9 8 .7 7 9 2 . 38 . 30 8 .0 2
@FedFRASER