Full text of The Employment Situation : October 2010
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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, November 5, 2010 USDL-10-1519 Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION – OCTOBER 2010 Nonfarm payroll employment increased by 151,000 in October, and the unemployment rate was unchanged at 9.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Since December 2009, nonfarm payroll employment has risen by 874,000. Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, October 2008 – October 2010 Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change, seasonally adjusted, October 2008 – October 2010 Percent Thousands 11.0 600 10.0 400 9.0 200 8.0 0 7.0 -200 6.0 -400 5.0 -600 -800 4.0 Oct-08 Jan-09 A pr-09 Jul-09 Oct-09 Jan-10 A pr-10 Jul-10 Oct-10 Oct-08 Jan-09 A pr-09 Jul-09 Oct-09 Jan-10 A pr-10 Jul-10 Oct-10 Household Survey Data The number of unemployed persons, at 14.8 million, was little changed in October. The unemployment rate remained at 9.6 percent and has been essentially unchanged since May. (See table A-1.) Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for adult men (9.7 percent), adult women (8.1 percent), teenagers (27.1 percent), whites (8.8 percent), blacks (15.7 percent), and Hispanics (12.6 percent) showed little change in October. The jobless rate for Asians was 7.1 percent, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks and over) was about unchanged over the month at 6.2 million. In October, 41.8 percent of unemployed persons had been jobless for 27 weeks or more. (See table A-12.) Both the civilian labor force participation rate, at 64.5 percent, and the employment-population ratio, at 58.3 percent, edged down over the month. (See table A-1.) The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as involuntary part-time workers) fell by 318,000 over the month to 9.2 million, partially offsetting large increases in the prior 2 months. These individuals were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.) About 2.6 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force in October, up from 2.4 million a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.) Among the marginally attached, there were 1.2 million discouraged workers in October, an increase of 411,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.4 million persons marginally attached to the labor force had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) Establishment Survey Data Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 151,000 in October, reflecting job gains in mining and a number of service-providing industries. Private-sector payroll employment rose by 159,000 over the month; since December 2009, employment in the private sector has risen by 1.1 million. (See table B-1.) Within professional and business services, employment in temporary help services continued to increase in October, with a gain of 35,000. Temporary help services has added 451,000 jobs since a recent low in September 2009. Employment in computer systems design and related services increased by 8,000 in October and has risen by 53,000 since a recent low in June 2009. Health care continued to add jobs in October (+24,000). The gain was in line with the average increase over the prior 12 months (+20,000). Retail trade employment rose by 28,000 in October, including increases in automobile dealers (+6,000) and in electronics and appliance stores (+5,000). After reaching a trough in December 2009, employment in retail trade has expanded by 128,000. Within leisure and hospitality, a job loss in arts, entertainment, and recreation (-26,000) in October offset a gain in food services and drinking places employment (+24,000). The food services industry has added 143,000 jobs since a recent low in December 2009. Mining employment continued to trend up (+8,000) over the month. Since a recent low in October 2009, mining has added 88,000 jobs. -2- Employment in manufacturing changed little in October (-7,000) and, on net, has essentially been flat since May. The industry had added 134,000 jobs during the first 5 months of this year. Elsewhere in the private sector, employment in construction, wholesale trade, transportation, information, and financial activities showed little change in October. Government employment overall was little changed in October. Employment in local government, excluding education, decreased by 14,000 over the month and has fallen by 123,000 over the past 12 months. The number of temporary decennial census workers fell by 5,000 in October. After peaking at 564,000 in May, there were only about 1,000 temporary decennial census workers remaining on Federal payrolls in October. The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour in October to 34.3 hours. The manufacturing workweek for all employees also increased by 0.1 hour, to 40.3 hours, while factory overtime was unchanged at 3.0 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour to 33.6 hours in October. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) In October, average hourly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 5 cents to $22.73. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 1.7 percent. Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose by 7 cents to $19.17. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for August was revised from -57,000 to -1,000, and the change for September was revised from -95,000 to -41,000. ___________ The Employment Situation for November is scheduled to be released on Friday, December 3, 2010, at 8:30 a.m. (EST). -3- Upcoming Changes to Household Survey Data Effective with the release of January 2011 data on February 4, 2011, two additional data series— "Self-employed workers, unincorporated" and "Self-employed workers, incorporated"—will be added to table A-9. As a result, the format of table A-9 will change. Data on the incorporated selfemployed have not previously been published on a regular basis. Also, in table A-8, the data series currently labeled "Self-employed workers" (one for Agriculture and related industries and one for Nonagricultural industries) will be renamed "Self-employed workers, unincorporated." This is strictly a change in title and not in definition; the data shown will not be affected. This change is being made to clarify that these data only include persons operating unincorporated businesses. In addition, a change affecting data collected on unemployment duration will be introduced in the household survey in January 2011. Presently, the Current Population Survey can record unemployment durations of up to 2 years. Starting with data collected for January 2011, respondents will be able to report unemployment durations for up to 5 years. This change will likely affect one data series in this news release: the average (mean) duration of unemployment, which is found in table A-12. The change does not affect the estimate of total unemployment or other data series on duration of unemployment. Additional information is available at www.bls.gov/cps/duration.htm. Beginning with data for January 2011, occupation estimates in table A-13 will reflect the introduction of the 2010 Census occupation classification system into the household survey. This occupation classification system is derived from the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification system. Historical data will not be revised. Upcoming Changes to Establishment Survey Data Effective with the release of January 2011 data on February 4, 2011, the establishment survey will begin estimating net business birth/death adjustment factors on a quarterly basis, replacing the current practice of estimating the factors annually. This will allow the establishment survey to incorporate information from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages into the birth/death adjustment factors as soon as it becomes available and thereby improve the factors. Additional information on this change is available at www.bls.gov/ces/ces_quarterly_birthdeath.pdf. -4- HOUSEHOLD DATA Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Category Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010 Change from: Sept. 2010Oct. 2010 Oct. 2010 Employment status Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...................... . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed................................................................... . Employment-population ratio.......................................... . Unemployed................................................................ . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236,550 153,854 65.0 138,242 58.4 15,612 10.1 82,696 238,099 154,110 64.7 139,250 58.5 14,860 9.6 83,989 238,322 154,158 64.7 139,391 58.5 14,767 9.6 84,164 238,530 153,904 64.5 139,061 58.3 14,843 9.6 84,626 208 -254 -0.2 -330 -0.2 76 0.0 462 Unemployment rates Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult men (20 years and over)............................................. . Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................ . Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ . 10.1 10.6 8.1 27.6 9.4 15.7 7.5 13.1 9.6 9.8 8.0 26.3 8.7 16.3 7.2 12.0 9.6 9.8 8.0 26.0 8.7 16.1 6.4 12.4 9.6 9.7 8.1 27.1 8.8 15.7 7.1 12.6 0.0 -0.1 0.1 1.1 0.1 -0.4 – 0.2 Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bachelor’s degree and higher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 15.5 11.2 9.0 4.7 8.3 14.0 10.3 8.7 4.6 8.3 15.4 10.0 9.1 4.4 8.2 15.3 10.1 8.5 4.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.6 0.3 Reason for unemployment Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . Reentrants....................................................................... . New entrants.................................................................... . 10,261 909 3,461 1,114 9,305 874 3,411 1,259 9,401 807 3,436 1,187 9,108 854 3,512 1,273 -293 47 76 86 Duration of unemployment Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks................................................................... . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,131 3,671 3,184 5,620 2,760 3,635 2,235 6,249 2,891 3,350 2,336 6,123 2,657 3,458 2,519 6,206 -234 108 183 83 Employed persons at work part time Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions......................................... . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,240 6,882 2,084 18,632 8,860 6,380 2,347 18,558 9,472 6,733 2,456 18,234 9,154 6,232 2,572 18,211 -318 -501 116 -23 Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted) Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,373 808 2,370 1,110 2,548 1,209 2,602 1,219 – – - Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -224 -262 -131 -7 -67 -57 -42 4.0 -15 -131 -5.4 -63.0 -15.8 -3 -19 11 42.2 35 28.3 -54 -17 38 -1 143 17 9 34 -26 -21 -20.7 -5 126 2.3 6.4 -1.1 7 -3 38 22.5 41 31.3 24 11 -144 -41 107 -4 6 -8 -2 6 -0.3 -8 111 3.7 11.6 13.5 -8 -2 19 23.8 22 33.7 39 14 -148 151 159 5 7 5 -7 -3 3.3 -4 154 7.3 27.9 -0.1 -1 -1 46 34.9 53 34.0 -5 25 -8 WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2 Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.0 48.5 82.3 49.6 48.1 82.4 49.6 48.1 82.4 49.6 48.1 82.4 Category HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.7 $ 22.35 $ 753.20 90.5 -0.4 96.4 -0.3 34.3 $ 22.65 $ 776.90 92.8 0.4 100.2 0.7 34.2 $ 22.68 $ 775.66 92.6 -0.2 100.2 0.0 34.3 $ 22.73 $779.64 93.0 0.4 100.8 0.6 HOURS AND EARNINGS PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.0 $ 18.78 $ 619.74 97.2 -0.6 122.0 -0.2 33.5 $ 19.09 $ 639.52 99.6 0.4 127.0 0.7 33.5 $ 19.10 $ 639.85 99.7 0.1 127.2 0.2 33.6 $ 19.17 $644.11 100.1 0.4 128.3 0.9 DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)5 Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.0 18.9 58.7 46.3 55.6 54.3 55.0 42.1 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. 4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. 5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. p Preliminary Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates Why are there two monthly measures of employment? The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance benefits? No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work? Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in The Employment Situation news release. Technical Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. The sample includes about 140,000 businesses and government agencies representing approximately 410,000 worksites and is drawn from a sampling frame of roughly 8.9 million unemployment insurance tax accounts. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries. Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2007 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical. Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in monthto-month economic activity. Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major agesex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 100,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -50,000 to +150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.19 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages. The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component excludes employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death employment. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. Other information Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age Oct. 2009 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 June 2010 July 2010 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236,550 153,635 64.9 139,088 58.8 14,547 9.5 82,915 5,621 238,322 153,854 64.6 139,715 58.6 14,140 9.2 84,468 5,949 238,530 153,652 64.4 139,749 58.6 13,903 9.0 84,878 5,867 236,550 153,854 65.0 138,242 58.4 15,612 10.1 82,696 6,031 237,690 153,741 64.7 139,119 58.5 14,623 9.5 83,949 5,895 237,890 153,560 64.6 138,960 58.4 14,599 9.5 84,330 5,886 238,099 154,110 64.7 139,250 58.5 14,860 9.6 83,989 5,972 238,322 154,158 64.7 139,391 58.5 14,767 9.6 84,164 6,202 238,530 153,904 64.5 139,061 58.3 14,843 9.6 84,626 6,255 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,530 81,823 71.4 73,361 64.1 8,462 10.3 32,707 115,433 81,845 70.9 73,959 64.1 7,886 9.6 33,588 115,542 81,675 70.7 73,970 64.0 7,705 9.4 33,867 114,530 82,184 71.8 72,844 63.6 9,340 11.4 32,346 115,102 82,017 71.3 73,375 63.7 8,642 10.5 33,084 115,207 81,962 71.1 73,454 63.8 8,507 10.4 33,245 115,317 82,299 71.4 73,608 63.8 8,691 10.6 33,017 115,433 82,187 71.2 73,581 63.7 8,606 10.5 33,247 115,542 81,969 70.9 73,454 63.6 8,514 10.4 33,574 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105,906 78,857 74.5 71,260 67.3 7,596 9.6 27,050 106,887 79,081 74.0 71,978 67.3 7,103 9.0 27,806 107,007 78,859 73.7 71,960 67.2 6,899 8.7 28,147 105,906 79,024 74.6 70,662 66.7 8,362 10.6 26,882 106,522 79,110 74.3 71,316 66.9 7,793 9.9 27,412 106,641 78,971 74.1 71,332 66.9 7,638 9.7 27,671 106,761 79,332 74.3 71,521 67.0 7,811 9.8 27,429 106,887 79,307 74.2 71,545 66.9 7,762 9.8 27,581 107,007 78,989 73.8 71,363 66.7 7,626 9.7 28,018 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,020 71,812 58.9 65,727 53.9 6,085 8.5 50,207 122,889 72,009 58.6 65,755 53.5 6,254 8.7 50,880 122,988 71,977 58.5 65,779 53.5 6,198 8.6 51,011 122,020 71,669 58.7 65,398 53.6 6,271 8.8 50,350 122,589 71,724 58.5 65,743 53.6 5,981 8.3 50,865 122,683 71,598 58.4 65,506 53.4 6,092 8.5 51,085 122,783 71,811 58.5 65,642 53.5 6,169 8.6 50,972 122,889 71,971 58.6 65,811 53.6 6,161 8.6 50,918 122,988 71,935 58.5 65,607 53.3 6,329 8.8 51,053 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,636 68,946 60.7 63,541 55.9 5,404 7.8 44,690 114,596 69,269 60.4 63,653 55.5 5,616 8.1 45,327 114,704 69,131 60.3 63,645 55.5 5,487 7.9 45,573 113,636 68,687 60.4 63,133 55.6 5,554 8.1 44,949 114,264 68,859 60.3 63,516 55.6 5,343 7.8 45,405 114,372 68,747 60.1 63,314 55.4 5,433 7.9 45,625 114,481 68,844 60.1 63,356 55.3 5,488 8.0 45,637 114,596 69,091 60.3 63,586 55.5 5,505 8.0 45,505 114,704 69,003 60.2 63,386 55.3 5,617 8.1 45,701 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,008 5,833 34.3 4,287 25.2 1,546 26.5 11,175 16,839 5,504 32.7 4,084 24.3 1,421 25.8 11,334 16,819 5,661 33.7 4,144 24.6 1,517 26.8 11,158 17,008 6,143 36.1 4,448 26.1 1,696 27.6 10,865 16,904 5,772 34.1 4,286 25.4 1,486 25.7 11,132 16,877 5,843 34.6 4,315 25.6 1,528 26.1 11,034 16,857 5,934 35.2 4,373 25.9 1,561 26.3 10,923 16,839 5,760 34.2 4,261 25.3 1,500 26.0 11,079 16,819 5,912 35.2 4,312 25.6 1,600 27.1 10,907 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ASIAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Oct. 2009 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 June 2010 July 2010 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 191,394 125,339 65.5 114,469 59.8 10,870 8.7 66,056 192,391 125,273 65.1 114,900 59.7 10,373 8.3 67,118 192,527 124,749 64.8 114,588 59.5 10,161 8.1 67,778 191,394 125,567 65.6 113,754 59.4 11,813 9.4 65,827 191,979 124,959 65.1 114,163 59.5 10,797 8.6 67,019 192,109 125,060 65.1 114,300 59.5 10,760 8.6 67,049 192,245 125,362 65.2 114,470 59.5 10,893 8.7 66,883 192,391 125,404 65.2 114,500 59.5 10,904 8.7 66,987 192,527 124,907 64.9 113,974 59.2 10,933 8.8 67,620 65,313 75.0 59,555 68.4 5,758 8.8 65,424 74.6 60,102 68.5 5,321 8.1 65,066 74.1 59,872 68.2 5,194 8.0 65,540 75.3 59,077 67.8 6,463 9.9 65,349 74.7 59,561 68.1 5,788 8.9 65,412 74.7 59,662 68.2 5,750 8.8 65,590 74.9 59,738 68.2 5,852 8.9 65,583 74.8 59,755 68.1 5,829 8.9 65,203 74.3 59,431 67.7 5,771 8.9 55,217 60.5 51,288 56.2 3,928 7.1 55,212 60.1 51,231 55.8 3,981 7.2 55,076 59.9 51,185 55.7 3,891 7.1 54,932 60.2 50,861 55.7 4,071 7.4 54,883 59.9 50,971 55.6 3,911 7.1 54,818 59.8 50,943 55.5 3,875 7.1 54,848 59.8 50,979 55.5 3,869 7.1 55,011 59.9 51,062 55.6 3,949 7.2 54,829 59.6 50,819 55.3 4,010 7.3 4,809 37.0 3,626 27.9 1,183 24.6 4,637 36.1 3,566 27.8 1,071 23.1 4,607 35.9 3,531 27.5 1,076 23.4 5,095 39.2 3,816 29.3 1,279 25.1 4,728 36.7 3,630 28.2 1,097 23.2 4,830 37.5 3,695 28.7 1,135 23.5 4,924 38.3 3,752 29.2 1,172 23.8 4,810 37.5 3,683 28.7 1,127 23.4 4,875 38.0 3,723 29.0 1,152 23.6 28,369 17,491 61.7 14,816 52.2 2,675 15.3 10,879 28,794 17,716 61.5 14,891 51.7 2,826 15.9 11,078 28,831 17,913 62.1 15,199 52.7 2,715 15.2 10,918 28,369 17,516 61.7 14,763 52.0 2,754 15.7 10,853 28,685 17,768 61.9 15,036 52.4 2,732 15.4 10,917 28,718 17,651 61.5 14,896 51.9 2,755 15.6 11,067 28,755 17,879 62.2 14,967 52.0 2,911 16.3 10,877 28,794 17,754 61.7 14,895 51.7 2,860 16.1 11,040 28,831 17,936 62.2 15,122 52.4 2,814 15.7 10,895 7,909 69.1 6,603 57.7 1,306 16.5 8,017 68.7 6,699 57.4 1,318 16.4 8,076 69.0 6,837 58.5 1,239 15.3 7,899 69.0 6,553 57.2 1,346 17.0 8,062 69.4 6,656 57.3 1,406 17.4 8,004 68.8 6,667 57.3 1,337 16.7 8,082 69.4 6,687 57.4 1,395 17.3 8,064 69.1 6,645 56.9 1,419 17.6 8,073 69.0 6,760 57.8 1,313 16.3 8,904 62.5 7,803 54.8 1,100 12.4 9,154 63.2 7,914 54.7 1,239 13.5 9,158 63.2 7,996 55.2 1,162 12.7 8,911 62.5 7,800 54.8 1,110 12.5 9,070 62.9 7,998 55.5 1,072 11.8 9,005 62.4 7,847 54.4 1,157 12.9 9,103 63.0 7,902 54.7 1,202 13.2 9,082 62.7 7,940 54.9 1,143 12.6 9,168 63.3 8,000 55.2 1,168 12.7 678 25.3 409 15.3 269 39.7 545 20.6 277 10.5 268 49.1 680 25.7 365 13.8 314 46.2 707 26.4 409 15.3 298 42.1 636 23.9 382 14.4 254 39.9 643 24.2 382 14.4 261 40.6 693 26.2 379 14.3 314 45.4 608 23.0 310 11.7 298 49.0 695 26.3 361 13.7 334 48.0 10,841 11,283 11,306 – – – – – – HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct. 2009 7,051 65.0 6,520 60.1 531 7.5 3,790 Sept. 2010 7,197 63.8 6,734 59.7 463 6.4 4,087 Oct. 2010 7,317 64.7 6,798 60.1 519 7.1 3,988 Oct. 2009 June 2010 – – – – – – – July 2010 – – – – – – – Aug. 2010 – – – – – – – Sept. 2010 – – – – – – – Oct. 2010 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. - Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct. 2009 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 June 2010 July 2010 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 33,202 22,481 67.7 19,688 59.3 2,792 12.4 10,721 33,927 22,918 67.6 20,191 59.5 2,728 11.9 11,009 34,014 22,784 67.0 20,051 58.9 2,733 12.0 11,230 33,202 22,492 67.7 19,553 58.9 2,939 13.1 10,710 33,662 22,674 67.4 19,854 59.0 2,820 12.4 10,989 33,747 22,738 67.4 19,987 59.2 2,751 12.1 11,009 33,836 22,729 67.2 20,002 59.1 2,726 12.0 11,107 33,927 22,910 67.5 20,070 59.2 2,840 12.4 11,017 34,014 22,803 67.0 19,939 58.6 2,865 12.6 11,211 12,863 83.2 11,333 73.3 1,531 11.9 13,121 83.0 11,664 73.8 1,457 11.1 12,964 81.8 11,566 73.0 1,398 10.8 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 8,628 59.1 7,718 52.9 909 10.5 8,865 59.6 7,883 53.0 982 11.1 8,867 59.5 7,833 52.5 1,034 11.7 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 990 31.4 637 20.2 353 35.6 933 28.7 643 19.8 289 31.0 953 29.3 651 20.0 301 31.6 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. - Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Oct. 2009 Sept. 2010 Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 June 2010 July 2010 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................... . Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed........................................ . Unemployment rate............................. . 11,849 46.0 10,194 39.6 1,655 14.0 11,834 46.7 10,143 40.0 1,691 14.3 11,519 45.9 9,908 39.4 1,611 14.0 12,155 47.2 10,272 39.9 1,883 15.5 12,095 45.4 10,391 39.0 1,704 14.1 12,048 47.3 10,390 40.8 1,658 13.8 11,819 46.4 10,165 39.9 1,654 14.0 11,821 46.7 10,001 39.5 1,820 15.4 11,800 47.0 9,993 39.8 1,806 15.3 High school graduates, no college1 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................... . Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed........................................ . Unemployment rate............................. . 37,729 61.5 33,884 55.3 3,846 10.2 37,982 61.6 34,460 55.9 3,521 9.3 37,638 60.9 34,186 55.3 3,452 9.2 37,917 61.8 33,674 54.9 4,243 11.2 38,107 62.0 33,993 55.3 4,114 10.8 37,941 61.6 34,113 55.4 3,829 10.1 38,314 61.9 34,373 55.6 3,940 10.3 38,116 61.9 34,289 55.6 3,827 10.0 37,968 61.4 34,130 55.2 3,838 10.1 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................... . Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed........................................ . Unemployment rate............................. . 37,047 71.1 33,909 65.1 3,138 8.5 36,988 70.3 33,750 64.1 3,239 8.8 37,445 70.6 34,417 64.9 3,028 8.1 36,899 70.9 33,596 64.5 3,303 9.0 36,586 70.7 33,579 64.9 3,007 8.2 36,713 70.0 33,652 64.1 3,061 8.3 37,068 70.5 33,850 64.4 3,218 8.7 37,037 70.4 33,684 64.0 3,352 9.1 37,228 70.2 34,067 64.2 3,161 8.5 Bachelor’s degree and higher2 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................... . Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed........................................ . Unemployment rate............................. . 46,550 77.8 44,431 74.3 2,120 4.6 46,573 76.6 44,488 73.2 2,084 4.5 46,451 76.6 44,370 73.2 2,081 4.5 46,316 77.4 44,116 73.7 2,200 4.7 46,246 77.3 44,200 73.8 2,046 4.4 46,015 76.2 43,924 72.7 2,091 4.5 45,676 75.8 43,582 72.3 2,094 4.6 46,472 76.4 44,420 73.1 2,052 4.4 46,140 76.1 43,992 72.6 2,149 4.7 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Oct. 2009 Men Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 Women Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 Oct. 2010 VETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,072 11,886 53.9 10,928 49.5 958 8.1 10,186 21,896 11,609 53.0 10,646 48.6 962 8.3 10,287 20,309 10,733 52.8 9,879 48.6 855 8.0 9,576 20,105 10,517 52.3 9,640 47.9 877 8.3 9,588 1,763 1,153 65.4 1,049 59.5 103 8.9 610 1,791 1,092 61.0 1,007 56.2 85 7.8 699 Gulf War-era II veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,991 1,665 83.6 1,472 73.9 193 11.6 326 2,321 1,900 81.9 1,699 73.2 201 10.6 420 1,651 1,402 84.9 1,240 75.1 162 11.5 249 1,902 1,612 84.8 1,445 76.0 167 10.4 290 340 263 77.3 231 68.1 31 11.9 77 419 289 68.8 254 60.7 34 11.9 131 Gulf War-era I veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,016 2,633 87.3 2,473 82.0 160 6.1 383 2,816 2,448 86.9 2,265 80.4 183 7.5 368 2,525 2,228 88.2 2,100 83.2 128 5.7 297 2,401 2,127 88.6 1,973 82.2 154 7.3 274 491 405 82.5 373 76.0 32 7.9 86 415 321 77.3 292 70.3 29 9.0 94 World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,247 4,108 36.5 3,795 33.7 313 7.6 7,139 10,900 3,947 36.2 3,608 33.1 339 8.6 6,953 10,870 3,973 36.5 3,671 33.8 301 7.6 6,897 10,544 3,835 36.4 3,503 33.2 332 8.7 6,708 377 136 36.0 124 32.8 12 8.7 242 356 112 31.3 105 29.4 7 6.1 244 Veterans of other service periods Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,819 3,480 59.8 3,188 54.8 292 8.4 2,339 5,860 3,314 56.6 3,075 52.5 239 7.2 2,546 5,264 3,131 59.5 2,867 54.5 264 8.4 2,133 5,259 2,943 56.0 2,719 51.7 223 7.6 2,316 555 349 62.9 321 57.9 28 8.1 206 601 371 61.7 355 59.2 15 4.2 230 NONVETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205,537 139,792 68.0 126,760 61.7 13,032 9.3 65,745 207,459 140,044 67.5 127,693 61.6 12,350 8.8 67,416 89,684 70,112 78.2 62,812 70.0 7,300 10.4 19,573 90,791 70,220 77.3 63,707 70.2 6,513 9.3 20,570 115,853 69,681 60.1 63,949 55.2 5,732 8.2 46,172 116,669 69,823 59.8 63,986 54.8 5,837 8.4 46,846 NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Persons with a disability Employment status, sex, and age Oct. 2009 Oct. 2010 Persons with no disability Oct. 2009 Oct. 2010 TOTAL, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..................................................................... . Employed............................................................................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed.......................................................................... . Unemployment rate............................................................... . Not in labor force....................................................................... . 26,863 5,839 21.7 4,875 18.1 965 16.5 21,024 26,545 5,682 21.4 4,842 18.2 840 14.8 20,863 209,687 147,796 70.5 134,214 64.0 13,582 9.2 61,891 211,986 147,970 69.8 134,907 63.6 13,063 8.8 64,015 Men, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..................................................................... . Employed............................................................................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed.......................................................................... . Unemployment rate............................................................... . Not in labor force....................................................................... . 2,642 36.2 2,146 29.4 497 18.8 4,652 2,643 36.1 2,204 30.1 439 16.6 4,668 75,469 83.2 67,735 74.7 7,734 10.2 15,238 75,282 82.4 68,269 74.7 7,012 9.3 16,080 Women, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..................................................................... . Employed............................................................................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed.......................................................................... . Unemployment rate............................................................... . Not in labor force....................................................................... . 2,361 31.9 1,979 26.7 382 16.2 5,040 2,262 30.8 1,924 26.2 337 14.9 5,090 66,461 71.5 60,946 65.6 5,515 8.3 26,453 66,634 71.2 60,931 65.1 5,703 8.6 26,966 Both sexes, 65 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..................................................................... . Employed............................................................................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed.......................................................................... . Unemployment rate............................................................... . Not in labor force....................................................................... . 836 6.9 750 6.2 86 10.3 11,332 777 6.5 714 6.0 64 8.2 11,105 5,866 22.5 5,533 21.2 333 5.7 20,199 6,054 22.4 5,706 21.1 348 5.8 20,969 NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status and nativity Oct. 2009 Men Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 Women Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 Oct. 2010 Foreign born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,552 24,200 68.1 21,856 61.5 2,345 9.7 11,351 36,341 24,530 67.5 22,281 61.3 2,249 9.2 11,811 17,862 14,347 80.3 12,915 72.3 1,432 10.0 3,515 18,122 14,387 79.4 13,083 72.2 1,304 9.1 3,734 17,690 9,854 55.7 8,940 50.5 913 9.3 7,836 18,219 10,143 55.7 9,198 50.5 945 9.3 8,077 Native born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200,998 129,435 64.4 117,233 58.3 12,202 9.4 71,563 202,189 129,122 63.9 117,468 58.1 11,654 9.0 73,067 96,668 67,476 69.8 60,446 62.5 7,030 10.4 29,192 97,421 67,288 69.1 60,887 62.5 6,401 9.5 30,133 104,330 61,959 59.4 56,787 54.4 5,172 8.3 42,372 104,769 61,834 59.0 56,581 54.0 5,253 8.5 42,935 NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Category CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private households........................... . Other industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1 All industries Part time for economic reasons2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries Part time for economic reasons2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2009 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 June 2010 July 2010 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 2,049 1,281 748 19 137,039 128,093 21,375 106,719 702 106,016 8,879 67 2,203 1,370 802 31 137,512 128,565 20,828 107,737 597 107,139 8,878 69 2,360 1,475 840 45 137,389 128,487 20,900 107,587 562 107,025 8,817 85 2,041 1,263 736 – 136,311 127,312 21,161 106,173 – 105,401 8,960 – 2,120 1,289 808 – 136,857 127,900 21,242 106,740 – 106,065 8,889 – 2,192 1,329 825 – 136,599 127,881 20,978 106,869 – 106,270 8,779 – 2,188 1,300 855 – 136,974 128,314 20,575 107,760 – 107,118 8,678 – 2,154 1,291 799 – 137,243 128,429 20,928 107,481 – 106,900 8,743 – 2,359 1,447 833 – 136,782 127,814 20,763 107,053 – 106,433 8,896 – 8,474 6,309 1,955 19,135 8,628 6,072 2,306 18,579 8,408 5,695 2,442 18,717 9,240 6,882 2,084 18,632 8,627 6,165 2,101 17,870 8,529 6,119 2,246 18,157 8,860 6,380 2,347 18,558 9,472 6,733 2,456 18,234 9,154 6,232 2,572 18,211 8,350 6,203 1,947 18,819 8,540 6,020 2,286 18,259 8,279 5,619 2,421 18,302 9,158 6,797 2,033 18,317 8,472 6,074 2,086 17,580 8,386 6,018 2,192 17,774 8,730 6,304 2,320 18,161 9,336 6,640 2,431 17,891 9,047 6,161 2,523 17,784 1 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. 2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. 3 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Characteristic Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2009 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 June 2010 July 2010 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,088 4,287 1,400 2,887 134,802 12,385 122,417 95,001 30,072 31,144 33,784 27,416 139,715 4,084 1,417 2,667 135,631 12,790 122,841 94,535 30,474 30,713 33,348 28,305 139,749 4,144 1,409 2,735 135,605 12,723 122,881 94,791 30,589 30,886 33,315 28,091 138,242 4,448 1,417 3,041 133,795 12,414 121,440 94,272 29,811 30,966 33,495 27,168 139,119 4,286 1,380 2,899 134,833 12,698 122,263 94,270 30,157 30,772 33,341 27,993 138,960 4,315 1,345 2,984 134,646 12,670 122,109 94,062 30,278 30,604 33,180 28,047 139,250 4,373 1,402 2,975 134,877 12,838 122,074 94,005 30,318 30,584 33,104 28,069 139,391 4,261 1,398 2,867 135,131 12,841 122,267 94,067 30,315 30,514 33,238 28,200 139,061 4,312 1,422 2,897 134,749 12,781 121,894 94,017 30,325 30,648 33,044 27,878 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,361 2,101 671 1,430 71,260 6,224 65,037 50,689 16,405 16,763 17,520 14,348 73,959 1,981 673 1,308 71,978 6,536 65,442 50,641 16,590 16,659 17,392 14,802 73,970 2,010 623 1,387 71,960 6,481 65,479 50,805 16,668 16,737 17,400 14,675 72,844 2,182 688 1,485 70,662 6,257 64,449 50,222 16,203 16,642 17,376 14,227 73,375 2,059 631 1,434 71,316 6,473 64,862 50,264 16,274 16,649 17,341 14,598 73,454 2,122 667 1,472 71,332 6,434 64,937 50,340 16,403 16,644 17,293 14,597 73,608 2,087 667 1,428 71,521 6,571 64,952 50,321 16,478 16,601 17,242 14,631 73,581 2,036 660 1,372 71,545 6,536 65,015 50,303 16,433 16,534 17,336 14,712 73,454 2,091 650 1,441 71,363 6,540 64,838 50,255 16,438 16,574 17,243 14,583 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,727 2,186 729 1,457 63,541 6,161 57,380 44,312 13,667 14,381 16,264 13,069 65,755 2,103 743 1,359 63,653 6,255 57,398 43,895 13,884 14,054 15,957 13,503 65,779 2,134 786 1,348 63,645 6,242 57,402 43,986 13,921 14,150 15,915 13,416 65,398 2,266 728 1,555 63,133 6,158 56,992 44,050 13,608 14,324 16,118 12,942 65,743 2,227 749 1,466 63,516 6,225 57,401 44,006 13,882 14,123 16,000 13,396 65,506 2,192 678 1,512 63,314 6,236 57,172 43,722 13,875 13,960 15,887 13,450 65,642 2,286 735 1,547 63,356 6,267 57,122 43,684 13,840 13,983 15,862 13,438 65,811 2,225 738 1,494 63,586 6,305 57,252 43,765 13,883 13,980 15,902 13,488 65,607 2,221 772 1,456 63,386 6,241 57,056 43,762 13,887 14,074 15,801 13,294 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,510 34,822 8,786 43,895 34,499 8,906 43,492 34,642 8,959 43,401 34,736 – 43,333 34,332 – 43,369 34,304 – 43,433 34,213 – 43,723 34,449 – 43,349 34,555 – FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,599 27,489 112,385 27,330 112,342 27,407 110,817 27,511 112,646 26,755 112,076 27,082 111,822 27,705 111,716 27,636 111,592 27,446 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,224 5.2 6,681 4.8 6,817 4.9 7,017 5.1 7,002 5.0 6,546 4.7 6,814 4.9 6,684 4.8 6,665 4.8 1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Oct. 2009 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 June 2010 July 2010 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years................................... . 18 to 19 years................................... . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years................................... . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over............................ . 15,612 1,696 614 1,053 13,916 2,301 11,563 9,511 3,590 3,069 2,851 2,057 14,767 1,500 607 863 13,267 2,225 11,061 8,928 3,372 2,788 2,768 2,186 14,843 1,600 631 950 13,243 2,297 10,937 8,739 3,325 2,623 2,791 2,179 10.1 27.6 30.2 25.7 9.4 15.6 8.7 9.2 10.7 9.0 7.8 7.0 9.5 25.7 29.2 24.0 8.9 15.3 8.2 8.5 10.3 7.8 7.5 6.9 9.5 26.1 30.4 23.6 8.8 15.6 8.1 8.5 9.9 8.0 7.5 6.9 9.6 26.3 31.4 23.9 9.0 14.9 8.3 8.5 9.8 7.7 8.1 7.3 9.6 26.0 30.3 23.1 8.9 14.8 8.3 8.7 10.0 8.4 7.7 7.2 9.6 27.1 30.7 24.7 8.9 15.2 8.2 8.5 9.9 7.9 7.8 7.3 Men, 16 years and over.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years................................... . 18 to 19 years................................... . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years................................... . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over............................ . 9,340 978 347 604 8,362 1,427 6,904 5,704 2,087 1,863 1,755 1,200 8,606 844 332 488 7,762 1,344 6,473 5,203 2,007 1,563 1,633 1,270 8,514 888 340 530 7,626 1,299 6,332 5,005 1,912 1,485 1,608 1,327 11.4 31.0 33.5 28.9 10.6 18.6 9.7 10.2 11.4 10.1 9.2 7.8 10.5 29.2 32.8 27.4 9.9 17.8 9.0 9.4 11.5 8.3 8.6 7.5 10.4 29.0 32.5 26.7 9.7 18.3 8.8 9.1 10.7 8.3 8.4 7.7 10.6 29.7 33.0 28.1 9.8 17.3 9.1 9.2 10.4 8.3 9.0 8.4 10.5 29.3 33.5 26.2 9.8 17.1 9.1 9.4 10.9 8.6 8.6 7.9 10.4 29.8 34.3 26.9 9.7 16.6 8.9 9.1 10.4 8.2 8.5 8.3 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years................................... . 18 to 19 years................................... . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years................................... . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over1 .......................... . 6,271 717 266 449 5,554 874 4,659 3,806 1,503 1,207 1,096 853 6,161 656 275 376 5,505 881 4,588 3,726 1,365 1,226 1,135 922 6,329 712 291 421 5,617 998 4,605 3,734 1,413 1,138 1,182 846 8.8 24.0 26.8 22.4 8.1 12.4 7.6 8.0 9.9 7.8 6.4 6.1 8.3 22.3 25.8 20.3 7.8 12.6 7.2 7.5 8.9 7.4 6.4 6.5 8.5 23.1 28.2 20.5 7.9 12.7 7.3 7.7 9.0 7.6 6.5 6.9 8.6 22.9 30.0 19.5 8.0 12.2 7.4 7.7 9.0 7.1 7.1 6.9 8.6 22.8 27.1 20.1 8.0 12.3 7.4 7.8 9.0 8.1 6.7 6.4 8.8 24.3 27.4 22.4 8.1 13.8 7.5 7.9 9.2 7.5 7.0 5.9 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,521 2,183 1,299 3,206 2,075 1,321 3,282 2,085 1,267 7.5 5.9 12.9 6.8 5.9 12.1 6.6 5.8 13.4 6.8 6.0 13.4 6.8 5.7 12.9 7.0 5.7 12.4 FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,824 1,790 13,012 1,789 13,012 1,854 11.1 6.1 10.2 6.4 10.2 6.4 10.3 6.7 10.4 6.1 10.4 6.3 1 Not seasonally adjusted. 2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Reason Oct. 2009 Sept. 2010 Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 June 2010 July 2010 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff........................... . Permanent job losers........................... . Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . Job leavers............................................ . Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,176 1,177 7,999 6,564 1,435 938 3,376 1,058 8,651 910 7,741 6,271 1,471 880 3,428 1,180 8,331 890 7,441 6,009 1,432 876 3,466 1,230 10,261 1,671 8,590 6,922 1,569 909 3,461 1,114 9,114 1,424 7,690 6,404 1,287 900 3,308 1,140 9,125 1,268 7,857 6,518 1,339 900 3,393 1,188 9,305 1,480 7,825 6,480 1,345 874 3,411 1,259 9,401 1,349 8,051 6,589 1,463 807 3,436 1,187 9,108 1,278 7,829 6,319 1,510 854 3,512 1,273 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff........................... . Job leavers............................................ . Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.1 8.1 55.0 6.4 23.2 7.3 61.2 6.4 54.7 6.2 24.2 8.3 59.9 6.4 53.5 6.3 24.9 8.8 65.2 10.6 54.6 5.8 22.0 7.1 63.0 9.8 53.2 6.2 22.9 7.9 62.5 8.7 53.8 6.2 23.2 8.1 62.7 10.0 52.7 5.9 23.0 8.5 63.4 9.1 54.3 5.4 23.2 8.0 61.8 8.7 53.1 5.8 23.8 8.6 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers............................................ . Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 0.6 2.2 0.7 5.6 0.6 2.2 0.8 5.4 0.6 2.3 0.8 6.7 0.6 2.2 0.7 5.9 0.6 2.2 0.7 5.9 0.6 2.2 0.8 6.0 0.6 2.2 0.8 6.1 0.5 2.2 0.8 5.9 0.6 2.3 0.8 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Duration Oct. 2009 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2009 June 2010 July 2010 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 weeks and over................................... . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,956 3,183 8,408 2,883 5,526 2,830 3,127 8,183 2,075 6,108 2,432 3,037 8,434 2,335 6,099 3,131 3,671 8,804 3,184 5,620 2,769 3,121 8,959 2,208 6,751 2,839 3,060 8,722 2,151 6,572 2,760 3,635 8,484 2,235 6,249 2,891 3,350 8,458 2,336 6,123 2,657 3,458 8,725 2,519 6,206 Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.1 19.3 34.1 20.5 34.9 21.9 27.2 19.0 35.2 25.5 34.2 22.2 33.6 19.9 33.3 20.4 33.9 21.2 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Less than 5 weeks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 weeks and over................................... . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.3 21.9 57.8 19.8 38.0 20.0 22.1 57.9 14.7 43.2 17.5 21.8 60.7 16.8 43.9 20.1 23.5 56.4 20.4 36.0 18.6 21.0 60.3 14.9 45.5 19.4 20.9 59.7 14.7 44.9 18.5 24.4 57.0 15.0 42.0 19.7 22.8 57.5 15.9 41.7 17.9 23.3 58.8 17.0 41.8 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Employed Occupation Total, 16 years and over1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . Management, business, and financial operations occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service occupations................................................. . Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations........................................................ . Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............ . Production, transportation, and material moving occupations........................................................ . Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and material moving occupations............. . Unemployed Unemployment rates Oct. 2009 Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 Oct. 2010 139,088 52,981 139,749 51,818 14,547 2,593 13,903 2,417 9.5 4.7 9.0 4.5 21,398 31,583 24,323 33,043 15,294 17,748 20,699 31,119 24,540 33,394 15,439 17,955 1,219 1,374 2,705 3,415 1,608 1,806 1,089 1,328 2,758 3,300 1,548 1,752 5.4 4.2 10.0 9.4 9.5 9.2 5.0 4.1 10.1 9.0 9.1 8.9 13,133 936 7,604 4,593 13,091 1,085 7,026 4,980 2,400 144 1,797 459 2,060 155 1,456 449 15.5 13.3 19.1 9.1 13.6 12.5 17.2 8.3 15,610 7,486 8,124 16,906 8,255 8,651 2,337 1,269 1,068 2,091 1,134 958 13.0 14.5 11.6 11.0 12.1 10.0 1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Industry and class of worker Total, 16 years and over1 ............................................................... . Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... . Construction.......................................................................... . Manufacturing........................................................................ . Durable goods..................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ . Professional and business services............................................... . Education and health services..................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... . Government workers................................................................... . Self-employed and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Oct. 2009 Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 Oct. 2010 14,547 11,929 84 1,744 1,884 1,265 618 1,919 480 261 646 1,488 1,280 1,604 541 166 785 610 13,903 10,990 89 1,445 1,474 937 537 1,888 404 300 590 1,525 1,263 1,458 554 176 950 557 9.5 10.1 10.8 18.7 12.2 12.9 10.9 9.6 8.6 8.2 7.0 10.3 6.0 12.4 8.5 11.8 3.5 5.9 9.0 9.3 10.4 17.3 9.5 9.8 9.0 9.2 6.9 9.8 6.7 10.6 5.8 11.1 8.8 11.0 4.3 5.4 1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent] Not seasonally adjusted Measure Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2009 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 June 2010 July 2010 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010 U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 5.3 5.5 5.7 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.7 U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 5.6 5.4 6.7 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.1 5.9 U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 9.2 9.0 10.1 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.6 9.6 U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 9.9 9.8 10.6 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.3 10.4 U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.8 10.7 10.6 11.5 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.1 U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force................................................. . 16.3 16.2 15.9 17.4 16.5 16.5 16.7 17.1 17.0 NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Category Oct. 2009 Men Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 Women Oct. 2010 Oct. 2009 Oct. 2010 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force............................................ . Persons who currently want a job. . . . ............................. . Marginally attached to the labor force1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3 . . . . 82,915 5,621 2,373 808 1,565 84,878 5,867 2,602 1,219 1,383 32,707 2,711 1,287 500 787 33,867 2,806 1,345 712 633 50,207 2,910 1,086 309 778 51,011 3,061 1,258 507 751 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both full time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,224 5.2 3,931 1,804 240 1,217 6,817 4.9 3,653 1,850 197 1,103 3,579 4.9 2,147 624 155 640 3,177 4.3 1,834 647 118 573 3,645 5.5 1,784 1,180 85 577 3,640 5.5 1,819 1,203 80 531 1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. 2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p 130,889 107,996 18,353 130,135 108,917 18,458 130,596 108,534 18,364 131,515 108,943 18,362 129,633 107,115 17,993 130,352 107,956 18,048 130,311 108,063 18,044 130,462 108,222 18,049 Change from: Sept. 2010- Oct. 2010p 151 159 5 Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, except oil and gas1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681 51.2 629.5 160.8 210.5 79.6 258.2 754 50.3 703.3 168.2 223.5 83.9 311.6 758 49.2 708.8 167.4 222.8 84.4 318.6 765 48.9 716.3 169.9 221.6 84.0 324.8 669 48.5 620.8 160.4 204.3 79.3 256.1 742 48.2 694.1 167.2 216.0 83.5 310.9 748 47.2 700.8 168.5 216.7 84.1 315.6 755 46.8 708.4 170.6 216.9 84.1 320.9 7 -0.4 7.6 2.1 0.2 0.0 5.3 Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 5,998 1,345.3 628.9 716.4 866.0 3,786.3 1,637.0 2,149.3 5,929 1,312.0 601.4 710.6 892.2 3,724.6 1,603.2 2,121.4 5,848 1,298.5 594.8 703.7 891.1 3,658.2 1,588.0 2,070.2 5,854 1,297.4 594.9 702.5 894.4 3,661.9 1,581.6 2,080.3 5,747 1,300.0 602.4 697.6 804.6 3,642.8 1,569.6 2,073.2 5,628 1,260.7 575.9 684.8 824.3 3,543.1 1,523.2 2,019.9 5,620 1,263.3 576.1 687.2 828.3 3,528.5 1,521.3 2,007.2 5,625 1,259.3 573.9 685.4 833.1 3,532.2 1,517.7 2,014.5 5 -4.0 -2.2 -1.8 4.8 3.7 -3.6 7.3 Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,674 11,775 11,758 11,743 11,577 11,678 11,676 11,669 -7 Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer and electronic products1 . . . . . . . . . . Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . Communication equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Semiconductors and electronic components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . Transportation equipment1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,118 354.6 391.9 353.8 1,280.8 989.3 1,100.6 159.7 119.6 7,222 356.7 393.4 374.4 1,326.6 1,001.8 1,105.0 161.2 122.5 7,223 350.7 394.1 376.4 1,331.1 1,000.1 1,101.3 161.4 122.1 7,222 345.6 391.9 374.7 1,335.2 1,006.9 1,103.6 162.2 123.3 7,070 348.4 382.2 350.1 1,272.1 983.8 1,101.5 159.6 119.3 7,180 346.5 382.6 373.9 1,317.1 1,000.0 1,102.6 161.2 122.4 7,186 344.4 384.6 374.5 1,320.9 1,000.7 1,102.9 161.1 122.7 7,183 342.9 384.2 373.0 1,321.8 1,002.1 1,103.3 161.8 123.4 -3 -1.5 -0.4 -1.5 0.9 1.4 0.4 0.7 0.7 360.4 412.2 367.3 1,332.1 662.4 366.0 582.0 370.9 405.4 374.4 1,352.0 684.4 362.9 574.9 368.4 405.0 374.9 1,358.3 690.7 359.2 576.7 368.9 404.5 373.5 1,354.3 689.4 356.4 579.7 361.1 413.5 365.6 1,326.3 657.9 364.6 575.6 369.8 404.1 372.4 1,351.1 683.9 358.4 575.0 368.6 405.8 373.6 1,350.1 683.6 357.1 576.8 368.6 405.0 373.1 1,351.2 686.9 355.6 576.2 0.0 -0.8 -0.5 1.1 3.3 -1.5 -0.6 Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beverages and tobacco products. . . . . . . . . . . . Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leather and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,556 1,487.9 192.6 122.6 124.7 165.7 28.2 400.5 510.4 116.7 789.8 617.2 4,553 1,496.3 185.8 123.1 121.7 165.9 29.6 399.2 493.6 117.0 779.7 640.8 4,535 1,487.7 188.0 122.9 122.6 165.5 29.5 399.0 490.4 115.7 776.2 637.2 4,521 1,475.8 189.6 123.6 121.7 165.4 30.1 398.6 489.9 117.7 773.9 634.9 4,507 1,462.0 187.8 119.9 123.6 163.5 28.1 399.3 506.7 115.3 790.5 610.7 4,498 1,458.7 182.0 122.7 122.0 163.9 29.3 398.0 492.6 113.6 778.4 636.3 4,490 1,455.7 183.6 122.5 122.1 163.5 29.2 398.6 489.1 113.4 778.0 634.0 4,486 1,453.0 185.5 122.7 120.4 165.6 29.6 398.4 487.8 115.3 776.0 632.1 -4 -2.7 1.9 0.2 -1.7 2.1 0.4 -0.2 -1.3 1.9 -2.0 -1.9 Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89,643 90,459 90,170 90,581 89,122 89,908 90,019 90,173 154 Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,795 24,786 24,745 24,927 24,670 24,779 24,806 24,843 37 Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 5,594.4 2,792.4 1,982.5 819.5 5,614.3 2,790.8 1,982.5 841.0 5,605.0 2,786.2 1,976.6 842.2 5,622.9 2,792.3 1,984.1 846.5 5,574.5 2,787.0 1,968.7 818.8 5,589.4 2,776.6 1,974.5 838.3 5,593.1 2,779.9 1,973.6 839.6 5,600.4 2,781.1 1,976.1 843.2 7.3 1.2 2.5 3.6 Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle and parts dealers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,417.5 1,632.6 1,014.7 14,459.0 1,654.8 1,027.0 14,348.1 1,654.6 1,028.9 14,499.0 1,656.6 1,032.4 14,365.7 1,618.6 1,005.7 14,448.8 1,636.1 1,019.4 14,460.4 1,640.8 1,022.3 14,488.3 1,648.6 1,028.5 27.9 7.8 6.2 See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Change from: Sept. 2010- Oct. 2010p Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . Building material and garden supply stores.. . Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General merchandise stores1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445.5 480.3 1,136.5 2,816.5 979.6 827.1 1,364.7 432.3 476.4 1,154.1 2,821.4 970.3 834.9 1,398.0 435.0 479.6 1,132.0 2,801.1 964.2 826.4 1,363.9 445.9 494.3 1,125.7 2,814.0 969.9 820.9 1,399.2 437.3 475.3 1,138.9 2,823.5 978.8 827.5 1,351.8 437.8 483.7 1,143.7 2,808.1 971.4 820.9 1,392.1 440.7 487.0 1,141.3 2,809.9 971.2 820.8 1,394.8 441.7 491.7 1,137.8 2,809.5 972.4 818.6 1,402.5 1.0 4.7 -3.5 -0.4 1.2 -2.2 7.7 607.0 2,912.2 1,452.3 785.1 430.4 604.4 2,929.4 1,471.1 771.9 411.1 604.4 2,901.2 1,453.0 765.0 420.7 612.8 2,944.4 1,480.7 779.5 435.8 596.3 2,930.4 1,457.0 770.6 416.7 609.4 2,954.6 1,494.0 768.6 422.4 607.3 2,957.0 1,492.8 766.9 422.7 607.0 2,961.4 1,494.2 771.9 425.2 -0.3 4.4 1.4 5.0 2.5 Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transit and ground passenger transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,221.5 454.8 215.5 64.5 1,261.9 4,157.4 457.2 220.7 66.5 1,266.2 4,242.6 455.8 222.4 65.0 1,266.6 4,252.4 454.8 222.7 65.0 1,264.0 4,168.6 457.1 214.1 62.8 1,240.8 4,187.8 453.5 220.8 63.7 1,242.3 4,201.3 454.2 221.5 63.7 1,242.8 4,201.2 453.8 222.3 64.5 1,243.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.8 0.8 0.3 430.6 42.1 28.2 545.4 537.2 641.3 359.6 39.5 36.5 549.2 517.4 644.6 441.7 38.9 34.0 547.0 522.9 648.3 451.7 39.2 29.5 550.3 521.5 653.7 416.7 42.3 27.3 537.8 538.6 631.1 426.1 39.3 28.5 547.2 522.1 644.3 432.3 38.8 28.7 546.8 526.6 645.9 435.0 38.9 28.9 547.2 521.2 646.3 2.7 0.1 0.2 0.4 -5.4 0.4 Industry Retail trade - Continued Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561.1 555.1 549.4 552.5 561.0 553.1 550.9 552.9 2.0 Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . Motion picture and sound recording industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing, hosting and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,769 774.6 2,730 763.5 2,706 759.4 2,714 760.7 2,774 772.5 2,724 761.7 2,716 760.6 2,715 760.5 -1 -0.1 348.1 297.0 964.9 365.5 296.7 920.0 351.9 297.2 913.2 351.1 298.8 916.8 353.8 296.0 967.0 358.6 297.3 920.5 355.7 297.7 915.9 353.0 298.1 916.8 -2.7 0.4 0.9 248.6 135.4 242.6 141.8 243.2 141.2 245.2 140.9 248.8 135.7 244.7 141.1 245.1 141.4 245.6 141.1 0.5 -0.3 Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . Credit intermediation and related activities1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depository credit intermediation1 . . . . . . . . . . Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities, commodity contracts, investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 7,673 5,694.9 21.0 7,624 5,651.2 21.4 7,580 5,632.4 21.4 7,577 5,643.3 21.3 7,664 5,694.8 21.2 7,578 5,643.7 21.2 7,576 5,642.7 21.3 7,575 5,645.3 21.4 -1 2.6 0.1 2,564.9 1,747.5 1,308.2 2,567.7 1,762.8 1,321.1 2,563.2 1,756.5 1,317.1 2,571.5 1,763.9 1,322.9 2,565.6 1,747.4 1,308.4 2,564.8 1,757.6 1,317.8 2,570.4 1,761.4 1,320.6 2,574.4 1,766.9 1,324.9 4.0 5.5 4.3 796.6 2,225.1 87.3 1,977.9 1,410.5 541.6 25.8 796.9 2,179.9 85.3 1,972.9 1,398.1 550.6 24.2 793.7 2,169.4 84.7 1,948.0 1,388.4 535.7 23.9 792.9 2,172.2 85.4 1,934.0 1,384.2 525.4 24.4 795.5 2,225.4 87.1 1,969.1 1,403.8 539.4 25.9 795.7 2,176.9 85.1 1,934.1 1,378.0 532.2 23.9 795.2 2,170.9 84.9 1,933.2 1,380.5 528.8 23.9 792.2 2,172.3 85.0 1,930.1 1,379.6 526.0 24.5 -3.0 1.4 0.1 -3.1 -0.9 -2.8 0.6 16,617 7,418.5 1,107.4 857.8 1,304.9 16,874 7,395.4 1,109.2 823.5 1,295.1 16,846 7,339.9 1,104.5 806.4 1,281.1 16,991 7,403.0 1,107.8 814.3 1,288.0 16,360 7,434.1 1,107.4 919.4 1,292.3 16,730 7,433.8 1,105.5 896.5 1,279.0 16,749 7,421.9 1,107.7 883.3 1,278.0 16,795 7,428.6 1,107.4 878.6 1,278.0 46 6.7 -0.3 -4.7 0.0 1,438.4 1,465.9 1,460.9 1,477.8 1,429.9 1,460.7 1,463.4 1,470.9 7.5 1,002.1 991.8 991.1 1,004.6 995.1 989.3 992.6 995.2 2.6 Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and technical services1 . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . Computer systems design and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Change from: Sept. 2010- Oct. 2010p Management of companies and enterprises. . . . Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Administrative and support services1 . . . . . . . . Employment services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . Waste management and remediation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,830.3 7,368.0 7,012.8 2,602.0 1,921.7 817.2 1,778.2 1,839.9 7,638.9 7,273.1 2,836.2 2,152.6 787.9 1,839.2 1,836.8 7,669.5 7,308.5 2,905.6 2,212.2 788.3 1,802.6 1,834.3 7,753.6 7,394.9 2,983.2 2,298.4 809.3 1,783.4 1,830.0 7,096.2 6,744.0 2,408.6 1,766.6 811.2 1,727.1 1,830.3 7,465.9 7,108.1 2,776.4 2,116.5 799.7 1,734.1 1,837.3 7,490.1 7,133.2 2,807.4 2,140.3 798.2 1,733.0 1,836.1 7,530.5 7,174.6 2,836.8 2,175.2 800.6 1,733.8 -1.2 40.4 41.4 29.4 34.9 2.4 0.8 355.2 365.8 361.0 358.7 352.2 357.8 356.9 355.9 -1.0 Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ambulatory health care services1 . . . . . . . . . Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing and residential care facilities1 . . . . Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Social assistance1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,460 3,239.8 16,220.4 13,621.6 5,825.9 2,295.0 548.7 1,042.9 4,692.8 3,102.9 1,653.5 2,598.8 866.2 19,269 2,846.4 16,422.3 13,826.9 5,951.9 2,324.5 557.8 1,072.5 4,729.3 3,145.7 1,665.3 2,595.4 816.4 19,540 3,090.1 16,450.2 13,802.4 5,949.6 2,320.5 556.3 1,078.0 4,717.5 3,135.3 1,661.8 2,647.8 866.7 19,838 3,307.4 16,530.4 13,853.4 5,980.7 2,331.6 560.1 1,084.8 4,728.1 3,144.6 1,664.2 2,677.0 879.3 19,282 3,087.7 16,194.6 13,605.6 5,813.8 2,287.6 548.4 1,040.7 4,688.6 3,103.2 1,652.9 2,589.0 855.0 19,599 3,154.5 16,444.3 13,796.9 5,945.1 2,322.6 556.7 1,073.2 4,717.4 3,134.4 1,659.1 2,647.4 865.3 19,621 3,142.7 16,478.0 13,820.8 5,962.1 2,326.8 557.2 1,079.6 4,720.9 3,137.8 1,660.9 2,657.2 867.4 19,674 3,161.9 16,512.0 13,844.9 5,975.1 2,329.5 559.7 1,083.2 4,726.0 3,143.8 1,663.4 2,667.1 869.2 53 19.2 34.0 24.1 13.0 2.7 2.5 3.6 5.1 6.0 2.5 9.9 1.8 Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks. . . Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 13,003 1,863.3 396.7 131.0 1,335.6 11,139.3 1,737.3 9,402.0 13,768 2,170.7 448.3 140.4 1,582.0 11,597.4 1,909.3 9,688.1 13,390 2,006.3 449.0 131.0 1,426.3 11,383.2 1,799.4 9,583.8 13,134 1,854.8 413.3 125.8 1,315.7 11,279.5 1,751.0 9,528.5 13,045 1,904.7 400.0 130.5 1,374.2 11,140.3 1,741.3 9,399.0 13,135 1,904.6 415.3 128.3 1,361.0 11,230.2 1,774.3 9,455.9 13,174 1,920.3 421.5 128.0 1,370.8 11,254.1 1,763.9 9,490.2 13,169 1,894.3 408.0 125.6 1,360.7 11,275.1 1,760.5 9,514.6 -5 -26.0 -13.5 -2.4 -10.1 21.0 -3.4 24.4 Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership associations and organizations. . . . 5,326 1,143.5 1,270.0 2,912.4 5,408 1,158.7 1,273.4 2,975.8 5,363 1,156.0 1,268.8 2,938.3 5,400 1,159.8 1,279.7 2,960.9 5,327 1,138.2 1,269.7 2,918.8 5,363 1,151.8 1,267.8 2,943.0 5,377 1,154.5 1,272.0 2,950.9 5,402 1,159.3 1,283.1 2,959.9 25 4.8 11.1 9.0 Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 22,893 2,846.0 2,150.3 695.5 5,331.0 2,539.2 2,791.4 14,716.0 8,300.4 6,415.5 21,218 2,939.0 2,290.4 648.2 4,884.0 2,106.9 2,777.2 13,395.0 6,846.1 6,549.3 22,062 2,853.0 2,206.8 646.5 5,178.0 2,427.1 2,751.2 14,031.0 7,684.4 6,346.2 22,572 2,849.0 2,199.0 650.4 5,309.0 2,564.5 2,744.6 14,414.0 8,122.6 6,291.8 22,518 2,836.0 2,147.4 688.6 5,182.0 2,378.5 2,803.4 14,500.0 8,041.0 6,459.0 22,396 2,919.0 2,268.6 650.6 5,158.0 2,403.2 2,754.8 14,319.0 7,945.8 6,373.2 22,248 2,844.0 2,195.8 648.3 5,164.0 2,411.0 2,752.7 14,240.0 7,889.3 6,350.4 22,240 2,843.0 2,198.1 644.7 5,164.0 2,412.9 2,751.2 14,233.0 7,897.1 6,336.2 -8 -1.0 2.3 -3.6 0.0 1.9 -1.5 -7.0 7.8 -14.2 Industry Professional and business services - Continued 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................. . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................. . Nondurable goods.............................................................. . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade...................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities........................................................................... . Information......................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services..................................................................... . 33.7 38.4 41.6 36.7 39.1 39.2 39.0 32.8 34.1 37.7 31.3 38.1 40.9 36.6 36.6 34.9 32.7 25.4 31.3 34.3 39.6 43.7 37.7 40.2 40.4 39.8 33.2 34.3 38.4 31.2 38.5 41.5 36.7 37.0 35.6 33.0 25.9 32.0 34.2 39.6 43.7 37.8 40.2 40.4 39.8 33.1 34.2 38.5 31.1 38.4 41.2 36.8 37.1 35.6 32.9 25.8 32.0 34.3 39.7 43.7 37.9 40.3 40.6 40.0 33.3 34.5 38.6 31.3 38.8 42.0 36.8 37.0 35.8 33.0 25.9 31.9 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing........................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods................................................................... . 2.5 2.3 2.8 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.2 Industry p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Total private................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade......................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Information............................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services........................................ . $22.35 23.91 27.38 25.08 23.15 24.70 20.71 21.99 19.50 25.84 15.46 20.58 33.07 29.70 26.69 27.13 22.52 13.10 19.95 $22.65 24.13 27.67 25.22 23.39 24.85 21.02 22.30 19.81 26.27 15.62 21.02 33.07 30.76 27.21 27.35 22.98 13.09 19.83 $22.68 24.14 27.98 25.21 23.39 24.85 21.02 22.33 19.84 26.30 15.63 21.11 33.03 30.98 27.21 27.37 22.97 13.09 19.91 $22.73 24.20 27.99 25.26 23.45 24.89 21.11 22.38 19.85 26.34 15.65 21.05 33.18 31.14 27.29 27.40 23.06 13.14 20.03 p Preliminary Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p $ 753.20 $ 776.90 $ 775.66 $ 779.64 918.14 955.55 955.94 960.74 1,139.01 1,209.18 1,222.73 1,223.16 920.44 950.79 952.94 957.35 905.17 940.28 940.28 945.04 968.24 1,003.94 1,003.94 1,010.53 807.69 836.60 836.60 844.40 721.27 740.36 739.12 745.25 664.95 679.48 678.53 684.83 974.17 1,008.77 1,012.55 1,016.72 483.90 487.34 486.09 489.85 784.10 809.27 810.62 816.74 1,352.56 1,372.41 1,360.84 1,393.56 1,087.02 1,128.89 1,140.06 1,145.95 976.85 1,006.77 1,009.49 1,009.73 946.84 973.66 974.37 980.92 736.40 758.34 755.71 760.98 332.74 339.03 337.72 340.33 624.44 634.56 637.12 638.96 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours1 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2 Industry Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Percent change from: Sept. 2010Oct. 2010p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction................................. . Manufacturing............................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade.......................... . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services...... . Education and health services. . . . ........ . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.5 78.7 87.4 72.7 81.4 78.0 87.7 93.9 91.4 91.7 91.3 90.9 99.3 92.7 92.4 89.8 102.6 94.5 92.4 92.8 81.4 101.9 73.1 84.5 81.7 89.4 95.9 92.4 93.6 91.5 92.3 99.3 91.3 92.4 93.7 105.3 97.1 95.1 92.6 81.4 102.7 73.2 84.4 81.7 89.2 95.7 92.2 94.0 91.3 92.3 98.2 91.3 92.6 93.8 105.1 97.0 95.3 93.0 81.6 103.7 73.5 84.6 82.1 89.6 96.4 93.1 94.3 92.1 93.3 100.4 91.2 92.4 94.6 105.7 97.3 95.5 0.4 0.2 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.9 1.1 2.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.2 Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Percent change from: Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010p 96.4 85.1 96.1 79.2 87.7 85.6 92.2 100.0 96.0 98.9 93.3 94.9 108.4 98.1 96.3 98.7 108.3 99.9 104.6 100.2 88.8 113.2 80.1 91.9 90.1 95.3 103.6 98.5 102.7 94.5 98.4 108.5 100.0 98.1 103.8 113.3 102.5 107.0 100.2 88.8 115.4 80.2 91.8 90.2 95.1 103.5 98.5 103.1 94.4 98.9 107.1 100.7 98.4 104.0 113.1 102.4 107.7 100.8 89.3 116.5 80.6 92.3 90.8 95.9 104.6 99.5 103.7 95.3 99.7 110.1 101.2 98.4 105.0 114.2 103.2 108.5 0.6 0.6 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.0 0.6 1.0 0.8 2.8 0.5 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees Industry Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Total nonfarm.............. . . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing..................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing...................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality............................ . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,760 51,909 4,186 98 775 3,313 1,756 1,557 47,723 10,092 1,689.8 7,263.5 997.1 141.2 1,147 4,551 7,368 14,922 6,840 2,803 12,851 64,714 51,965 4,140 103 732 3,305 1,748 1,557 47,825 10,031 1,680.2 7,216.0 1,001.8 133.2 1,110 4,459 7,419 15,116 6,868 2,822 12,749 64,642 52,005 4,128 104 728 3,296 1,742 1,554 47,877 10,034 1,682.4 7,217.2 1,001.7 132.3 1,104 4,452 7,445 15,134 6,878 2,830 12,637 64,688 52,076 4,112 103 726 3,283 1,730 1,553 47,964 10,052 1,686.0 7,232.7 1,001.0 132.0 1,104 4,444 7,465 15,176 6,880 2,843 12,612 50.0 48.5 23.3 14.6 13.5 28.6 24.8 34.5 53.5 40.9 30.3 50.6 23.9 25.2 41.3 59.4 45.0 77.4 52.4 52.6 57.1 49.6 48.1 22.9 13.9 13.0 28.3 24.3 34.6 53.2 40.5 30.1 49.9 23.9 24.1 40.7 58.8 44.3 77.1 52.3 52.6 56.9 49.6 48.1 22.9 13.9 13.0 28.2 24.2 34.6 53.2 40.4 30.1 49.9 23.8 24.0 40.6 58.8 44.5 77.1 52.2 52.6 56.8 49.6 48.1 22.8 13.6 12.9 28.1 24.1 34.6 53.2 40.5 30.1 49.9 23.8 23.9 40.7 58.7 44.4 77.1 52.2 52.6 56.7 p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [In thousands] Industry Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing....... . . . . . . . . . . . ..................................................... . Mining and logging.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction.......................................................................... . Manufacturing........................................................................ . Durable goods..................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. . Wholesale trade................................................................... . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing................................................ . Utilities.............................................................................. . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ . Professional and business services............................................... . Education and health services..................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,194 12,948 486 4,338 8,124 4,833 3,291 75,246 20,869 4,484.3 12,313.9 3,622.3 448.5 2,213 5,926 13,336 16,924 11,521 4,457 88,955 12,980 555 4,238 8,187 4,916 3,271 75,975 20,974 4,481.3 12,432.1 3,622.0 438.4 2,188 5,839 13,716 17,183 11,583 4,492 89,057 12,986 557 4,250 8,179 4,918 3,261 76,071 20,989 4,481.3 12,446.7 3,625.3 436.1 2,185 5,835 13,735 17,199 11,626 4,502 89,193 13,002 564 4,265 8,173 4,915 3,258 76,191 21,025 4,486.1 12,482.7 3,618.6 437.3 2,189 5,812 13,765 17,251 11,620 4,529 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................. . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................. . Nondurable goods.............................................................. . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade...................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities........................................................................... . Information......................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services..................................................................... . 33.0 39.1 42.8 36.9 40.0 40.1 40.0 32.0 32.9 37.4 29.9 36.3 41.7 36.4 36.0 34.6 32.2 24.6 30.5 33.5 40.5 45.5 38.6 41.1 41.3 40.9 32.3 33.5 38.1 30.3 37.5 42.3 36.4 36.4 35.1 32.2 24.8 30.9 33.5 40.6 44.5 39.0 41.2 41.4 41.0 32.3 33.4 38.2 30.1 37.6 41.8 36.2 36.2 35.2 32.2 24.8 30.9 33.6 40.6 44.3 38.8 41.3 41.4 41.0 32.4 33.5 38.2 30.2 37.7 42.9 36.3 36.2 35.3 32.3 24.9 30.9 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing........................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods................................................................... . 3.2 3.0 3.4 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.0 Industry 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Total private................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade......................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Information............................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services........................................ . $18.78 20.04 23.45 22.91 18.41 19.55 16.72 18.51 16.59 21.08 13.05 18.91 29.69 25.69 21.03 22.52 19.70 11.23 16.78 $19.09 20.31 23.86 23.28 18.59 19.73 16.87 18.83 16.88 21.56 13.26 19.20 30.50 25.89 21.48 22.92 20.08 11.34 16.82 $19.10 20.34 24.14 23.22 18.64 19.81 16.87 18.83 16.94 21.68 13.30 19.20 30.51 25.96 21.36 22.93 20.10 11.26 16.86 $19.17 20.39 23.92 23.35 18.68 19.84 16.91 18.91 17.02 21.84 13.35 19.21 30.66 26.02 21.51 22.99 20.18 11.31 16.91 Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p $ 619.74 $ 639.52 $ 639.85 $ 644.11 783.56 822.56 825.80 827.83 1,003.66 1,085.63 1,074.23 1,059.66 845.38 898.61 905.58 905.98 736.40 764.05 767.97 771.48 783.96 814.85 820.13 821.38 668.80 689.98 691.67 693.31 592.32 608.21 608.21 612.68 545.81 565.48 565.80 570.17 788.39 821.44 828.18 834.29 390.20 401.78 400.33 403.17 686.43 720.00 721.92 724.22 1,238.07 1,290.15 1,275.32 1,315.31 935.12 942.40 939.75 944.53 757.08 781.87 773.23 778.66 779.19 804.49 807.14 811.55 634.34 646.58 647.22 651.81 276.26 281.23 279.25 281.62 511.79 519.74 520.97 522.52 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [2002=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours2 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3 Industry Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Percent change from: Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction................................. . Manufacturing............................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade.......................... . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services...... . Education and health services. . . . ........ . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.2 77.4 110.5 80.1 74.6 72.8 77.6 103.0 95.7 98.8 93.2 99.0 95.7 92.0 102.1 103.4 117.6 103.9 95.4 99.6 80.3 134.2 81.9 77.2 76.3 78.8 104.9 98.0 100.5 95.4 102.2 94.9 90.9 101.7 107.9 119.4 105.3 97.4 99.7 80.6 131.7 83.0 77.3 76.5 78.8 105.1 97.7 100.8 94.8 102.6 93.2 90.3 101.1 108.4 119.5 105.7 97.6 100.1 80.7 132.8 82.9 77.5 76.4 78.7 105.6 98.2 100.9 95.4 102.7 96.0 90.7 100.7 108.9 120.2 106.1 98.2 0.4 0.1 0.8 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.6 0.1 3.0 0.4 -0.4 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.6 Oct. 2009 Aug. 2010 Sept. 2010p Oct. 2010p Percent change from: Sept. 2010 Oct. 2010p 122.0 94.9 150.8 99.1 89.8 88.9 91.6 130.7 113.3 122.6 104.2 118.7 118.5 117.0 132.7 138.6 152.2 132.5 116.6 127.0 99.9 186.2 103.0 93.9 94.0 94.0 135.5 117.9 127.7 108.4 124.5 120.8 116.5 135.1 147.1 157.6 135.6 119.3 127.2 100.4 184.9 104.1 94.3 94.6 93.9 135.6 118.1 128.7 108.1 125.0 118.7 116.0 133.5 147.8 157.9 135.1 119.9 128.3 100.7 184.7 104.5 94.6 94.7 94.0 136.9 119.2 129.8 109.2 125.1 122.8 116.9 133.9 149.0 159.5 136.2 121.0 0.9 0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.1 3.5 0.8 0.3 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.9 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary
@FedFRASER