Full text of The Employment Situation : October 1991
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Bureau of Labor Statistics
Technical information:
Media contact:
United States
Department
of Labor
Washington, D.C. 20212
(202) 523-1371
523-1944
523-1959
523-1913
USDL 91-559
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS
RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL
8:30A.M. (EST), FRIDAY,
NOVEMBER 1, 1991
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: OCTOBER 1991
Both eirployment and unemployment were essentially unchanged in
October, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor
reported today. The unemployment rate was 6.8 percent, little different
from the 6.7 percent in September and the same as in July and August.
October job losses in the goods-producing sector and in retail trade
were offset by gains in the services industry, based on data from the
survey of establishments. Total employmentf as estimated from the
household survey, was little changed, after a large increase the previous
month.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
The unemployment rate, 6.8 percent, and the number of unemployed
persons, 8.6 million, were about the same in October as in the prior month.
In fact, the unenployment situation has shown little change since March.
The October unemployment rate was 1.3 percentage points higher than in July
1990, when the recession began; the number of unenployed persons was up by
1.8 million. (See table A-l.)
The unenployment rate for adult men was unchanged in October, at 6.4
percent, while the rate for adult women edged i^> 0.3 percentage point to
5.8 percent, after declining the previous month. The jobless rate for
teenagers held fairly steady at 18.8 percent. Unenployment rates for
whites (6.0 percent), blacks (12.7 percent), and persons of Hispanic origin
(10.6 percent) were about the same as in September as well. About 2-1/2
million persons had been jobless 15 weeks or more, an increase of 175,000
from September- (See tables A-l, A-2, and A-5.)
Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
Total employment, at 117.0 million, was little changed in October,
following a large increase in the prior month. The number of enployed
persons was about 900,000 lower than in July 1990. The proportion of the
working-age population with jobs (the employment-population ratio) was 61.5
percent; it has been near that level since May and was 1.2 percentage
points below the figure for July 1990. (See table A-l.)
Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
i
i
Category
!
!
Quarterly
averages
!
1991
!
II
!
Monthly data
Aug.
! Ill
! Sept. ! Oct.
i
mOSEHXXI EftTA
!
Civilian labor force.. !
!
!
Not in labor force..,. !
Discouraged workers. !
.SeptOct.
! change
1991
i
Thousands of persons
125,511! 125,242! 124,904! 125,607! 125,549! -58
116,958! 116,764! 116,416! 117,165! 116,967! -198
8,553!
8,477!
8,488!
8,442!
8,582! 140
64,012! 64,736! 65,069! 64,515! 64,740! 225
981!
1,075!
N.A.!
N.A.!
N.A.! N.A.
•
i
•
<
!
•
i
i
i
•
i
•
i
Percent of labor force
Unenploynent rates:
!
!
!
!
White
!
Black....•
Hispanic origin...
t
6.8!
6.4!
5.7!
18.8!
6.0!
12.9!
9.5!
•
6.8!
6.5!
5.5!
19.2!
6.1!
12.1!
10.2!
i
6.8!
6.5!
5.7!
19.0!
6.1!
12.3!
9.9!
6.7!
6.5!
5.5!
18.0!
6.0!
12.1!
11.1!
i
•
6.8! 0.1
6.4! -.1
5.8!
.3
18.8!
.8
6.0!
.0
12.7!
.6
10.6! -.5
i
Thousands of jobs
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Nonfarm employment.... !
Goods-producing 1/..
Service-producing.1/!
108,836!plO8,950!
23,811! p23,805i
4,704! p4,694!
18,400! pl8,4l8!
85,025! p85,144!
19,336! pl9,343!
28,644! p28,827!
18,440! pl8,414!
i
i
i
i
108,971!pl09,019!pl09,018! p-1
23,826! p23,792! p23,727! p-65
4,691! p4,697! p4,668! p-29
18,442! pl8,411! pl8,379! p-32
85,145! p85,227! p85,291! p64
19,343! pl9,339! pl9,292! p-47
28,831! p28,9l8! p29,019! plOl
18,414! pl8,407i pl8,413!
p6
i
i
i
i
i
i
Hours of work
Average weekly hours: !
Manufacturing.
!
34.3!
40.5!
3.5!
i
I
p34.3!
p40.9!
p3.7!
I
I
34.3!
41.0!
3.8!
p34.5!
p41.0!
p3.7!
I
I
1/ Includes other industries, not shown separately.
N.A.=not available.
i
I
p34.3!p-0.2
p40.9! p-.l
p3.7! p.O
I
1
p=preliminary.
- 3 The number of persons in the labor force changed little in October at
125.5 million workers, seasonally adjusted. Since October of 1990, only
about half a million workers have been added to the labor force. Over this
period, a declining youth population and small reductions in labor force
participation rates (the proportion of the working-age population either
enployed or actively seeking employment) among several groups have
accounted for the very slow labor force growth. The participation rate was
about unchanged in October at 66.0 percent. (See table A-l.)
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
Nonfann payroll employment was unchanged in October, following 2
ninths of small increases. Moderate declines in manufacturing,
construction, and retail trade were offset by an increase in services*
The number of manufacturing jobs fell by about 30,000 for the second
consecutive month, erasing the job gains in July and August, The October
declines were concentrated in durable goods industries, especially
transportation equipment, machinery/ electronic equipment, instruments, and
primary metals. (See table B-l.)
Construction employment also fell by about 30,000 in October,
continuing a downward trend which has reduced the industry payrolls by 10
percent since May 1990. Mining employment continued to slide in October
and was 5 percent below the February level.
The number of jobs in retail trade fell by about 45,000, as hiring for
the holiday season in general merchandise stores was less than usual and
cutbacks in eating and drinking places were greater than average.
Employment in wholesale trade edged down in October, for the sixteenth
consecutive over-the-month decline. In contrast, there was job growth in
the services industry for the sixth month in a row. The gain of 100,000 in
October was divided among business, health, and other services.
Wgakly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonfann payrolls decreased by 0.2 hour in October, reversing a
similar increase in September. The manufacturing workweek edged down by
0*1 hour but, at 40.9 hours, was still high by recent historical standards.
Oyertixne hours in manufacturing remained at 3.7 hours, also a relatively
high level. (See table B-2.)
As a result of the decline in the workweek, the index of aggregate
weekly hours of private production or nonsupervisoiy workers fell by 0.7
percent to 121.4 (1982=100) in October, seasonally adjusted. The index for
manufacturing was down 0.2 percent to 102.8, 2.6 percent below its October
1990 level. (See table B-5.)
- 4 Hourly and Efeekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly earnings of private production or nonsupervisory
workers were little changed in October after seasonal adjustment. Average
weekly earnings decreased by 0.7 percent. Before seasonal adjustment,
average hourly earnings were down 1 cent to $10.45 and average weekly
earnings declined by $3.48 to $359.48. Over the year, average hourly and
weekly earnings rose by 3.1 and 3.4 percent, respectively. (See table
B-3.)
The Employment Situation for November 1991 will be released on Friday,
December 6, at 8:30 A.M. (EST),
Explanatory Note
This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the
Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current
Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey).
The
household survey provides the information on the labor force,
employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about
60,000 households that is conducted by the Bureau of the Census
with most of the findings analyzed and published by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls
that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA.
This information is collected from payroll records by BLS in
cooperation with State agencies. The sample includes over
350,000 establishments employing over 41 million people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually
collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household
survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey
week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the pay
period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond
directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of technical
factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal
adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a
survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each of
these factors is explained below.
Coverage, definitions, and differences
between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are selected so
as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population 16 years
of age and older. Each person in a household is classified as
employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. Those who hold
more than one job are classified according to the job at which they
worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as
paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or on
their own farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise
operated by a member of their family, whether they were paid or
not. People are also counted as employed if they were on unpaid
leave because of illness, bad weather, labor-management disputes,
or personal reasons.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their
eligibility for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if they
meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during
the survey week; they were available for work at that time; and
they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
prior 4 weeks. Persons laid off from their former jobs and
awaiting recall and those expecting to report to a job within 30
days need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed
Tlie civilian labor force equals the sum of the number employed
and the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the
number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force. Table
A-7 presents a special grouping of seven measures of
unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and
the labor force. The definitions are provided in the table. The
most restrictive definition yields U-l and the most comprehensive
yields U-7. The civilian worker unemployment rate is U-5b, while
U~5a, the overall unemployment rate, includes the resident Armed
Forces in the labor force base.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only
counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the
payroll records of nonfarm firms. As a result, there are many
differences between the two surveys, among which are the
following:
• The household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a
larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes
agriculture, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private
• The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed; the establishment survey does not;
• The household survey is limited to those 16 years of age and older; the
establishment survey is not limited by age;
• The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each
individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees
working at more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one
payroll would be counted separately for each appearance.
Other differences between the two surveys are described in
"Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and Payroll
Surveys," which may be obtained from BLS upon request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and
the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp
fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather,
reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the
opening and closing of schools. For example, the labor force
increases by a large number each June, when schools close and
many young people enter the job market. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large; over the course of a year, for
example, seasonality may account for as much as 95 percent of the
month-to-month changes in unemployment
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular
pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These
adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in
economic activity or increases in the participation of women in the
labor force, easier to spot. To return to the school's-out example,
the large number of people entering the labor force each June is
likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place since
May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic
activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of
students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics
for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable
change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly* the
adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze
changes in economic activity.
Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment
contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all
employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and
average hourly earnings include components based on the
employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted
either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the components
and combining them. The second procedure usually yields more
accurate information and is therefore followed by BLS. For
example, the seasonally adjusted figure for the civilian labor force
is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted employment components
and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the total
for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment
components; and the unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of the
civilian labor force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are
recalculated twice a year. For the household survey, the factors are
calculated for the January-June period and again for the JulyDecember period. For the establishment survey, updated factors
for seasonal adjustment are calculated for the May-October period
and introduced along with new benchmarks, and again for the
November-April period. In both surveys, revisions to historical
data are made once a year.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are
subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the number of
people employed and the other estimates drawn from these surveys
probably differ from the figures that would be obtained from a
complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures
were used. In the household survey, the amount of the differences
can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value
of a standard error depends upon the size of the sample, the results
of the survey, and other factors. However, the numerical value is
always such that the chances are approximately 68 out of 100 that
an estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than the
standard error from the results of a complete census. The chances
are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the
sample will differ by no more than 1.6 times the standard error
from the results of a complete census. At approximately the 90percent level of confidence-the confidence limits used by BLS in
its analyses-the error for the monthly change in total employment
is on the order of plus or minus 358,000; for total unemployment it
is 224,000; and, for the civilian worker unemployment rate, it is
0.19 percentage points. These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes but, rather, that the chances are
approximately 90 out of 100 that the "true" level or rate would not
be expected to differ from the estimates by more than these
amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the data
are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or annually.
Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the larger the
sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the estimate of the
size of the labor force is subject to less error than is the estimate of
the number unemployed. And, among the unemployed, the
sampling error for the jobless rate of adult men, for example, is
much smaller than is the error for the jobless rate of teenagers.
Specifically, the error on monthly change in the jobless rate for
men is 25 percentage point; for teenagers, it is 1.29 percentage
points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the most current 2
months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these
estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the
returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are revised
In other words, data for the month of September are published in
preliminary form in October and November and in final form in
December.
To remove errors that build up over time, a
comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The
results of this survey are used to establish new
benchmarks-comprehensive counts of employment-against which
month-to-month changes can be measured. The new benchmarks
also incorporate changes in the classification of industries and
allow for the formation of new establishments.
Additional statistics and other Information
In order to provide a broad view of the nation's employment
situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide variety of data in this
news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in
Employment and Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is
available for $10.00 per issue or $31.00 per year from the U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20204. A check or
money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must
accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of the
standard errors for the household survey data published in this
release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, the
standard errors appear in tables B through J of its "Explanatory
Notes/ 1 Measures of the reliability of the data drawn from the
establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision due to
benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P, and Q of
that publication.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Seasonally adjusted 1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
Oct.
1990
Sept.
1991
Oct.
1991
Oct
1990
June
1991
July
1991
Aug.
1991
Sept.
1991
Oct.
1991
188,525
125.020
66.3
118,299
62.7
3,280
115.018
6,722
5.4
63.505
190.122
125,405
66.0
117,335
61.7
3,425
113.910
8,070
6.4
64,717
190.269
125,568
66.0
117.555
61.8
3.310
114,245
8,013
6.4
64,721
188,525
124.875
66.2
117,733
62.4
3,175
114,558
7.142
5.7
63.650
189.668
125.629
66.2
116,884
61.6
3,308
113,576
8,745
7.0
64.039
189,839
125.214
66.0
116,712
61.5
3,239
113.474
6,501
6.8
64,625
189,973
124.904
65.7
116,416
61.3
3,266
113,150
8,488
6.8
65,069
190,122
125,607
66.1
117,165
61.6
3,306
113,859
8,442
6.7
64,515
190589
125,549
66.0
116,967
61.5
3,195
113.772
8,582
6.8
64,740
89,885
68,196
75.9
64,596
71.9
3.600
5.3
90,736
68,481
75.5
64.069
70.6
4,412
6.4
90,830
68,255
75.1
63.921
70.4
4,334
6.3
89.685
68,390
76.1
64,408
71.7
3.982
5.8
90,494
68,448
75.6
63,405
70.1
5,043
7.4
90,592
68,390
75.5
63.389
70.0
5,001
7.3
90,658
68510
755
63.326
69.9
4,882
7.2
90,736
68,812
75.8
63,836
70.4
4,976
75
90,830
68.558
75.5
63,702
70.1
4.856
7.1
83,013
64,593
77.8
61,606
745
2,371
59,235
2.986
4.6
84.023
65,087
77.5
61,338
73.0
2.520
58.818
3.749
5.8
84,151
64,894
77.1
61.200
72.7
2,468
58.732
3.6«
5.7
83,013
64,594
77.8
61,245
73.8
2583
58.962
3.349
83,748
64,897
77.5
60,625
72-4
£438
58,187
4572
6.6
83.865
64,934
77.4
60,683
72.4
2.381
58,302
4551
6.5
83,940
64,830
77.2
60,613
725
2,365
5B548
4517
6.5
84,023
65,155
77.5
60,890
72.5
2,423
58,487
4565
6.5
84,151
65.010
77.3
60,817
72.3
2,376
58.440
4,193
6.4
98.640
56,824
57.6
53,702
54.4
3,122
5.5
99.386
56.924
57.3
53.266
53.6
6.4
99,459
57,313
57.8
53,635
53.9
3.678
6.4
98.640
56,485
57.3
53.325
54.1
3,160
6.6
99.174
57,181
57.7
53,479
53.9
3,702
6.5
99,248
56.824
57.3
53,323
53.7
3.500
65
99.315
56,694
57.1
53,088
53.5
3,606
6.4
99,386
56,796
57.1
53.330
53.7
3.466
6.1
99,459
56,991
57.3
53564
53.6
3,726
6.5
91,857
53,533
58.3
50,915
55.4
666
50.249
2,618
4.9
92.797
53,867
58.0
50,742
54.7
715
50,027
3,125
5.8
92.875
54,131
58.3
51.044
55.0
668
50,376
3,086
5.7
91,857
53,047
57.7
50,423
54.9
628
49,795
2.624
4.9
92.546
53.883
58.2
50,723
54.8
617
50,106
3.160
5.9
82,654
53,617
57.9
50,738
54.8
601
50.136
2.879
5.4
92,720
53,616
57.8
60,575
54.5
642
49,933
3.041
6.7
92,797
53,596
57.8
50.656
54.6
679
49,977
2,940
5.5
92.875
53,654
57.8
50,556
54.4
629
49,927
3.098
5.8
13,655
6,895
50.5
5.777
42,3
243
5,534
1,117
16.2
13.302
6,451
48.5
5,255
39.5
190
5,064
1.196
18.5
13,263
6,543
49.3
5,312
40.0
175
5,137
1,232
18.8
13.655
7534
53.0
6.065
44.4
264
5.601
1.169
165
13.374
6,850
515
5.537
41.4
254
5583
1.313
195
13,320
6.662
50.0
5591
39.7
256
5.035
1.371
20.6
13,313
6,458
48.5
5.228
39.3
259
4,969
1530
19.0
13,302
6,856
51.5
5,619
42.2
204
5,415
1.237
18.0
13563
6,884
51.9
5.593
TOTAL
Civilian noninstlutional population .
Civilian labor force
Participation rate Employed .<
Employment-population ratio..
Agriculture
..
Nonagricultural Industries.
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .....
Not In labor force.
Men, 16 years and over
CMIan nonlnstltutbnal population
Civilian labor force.
Participation rate H
Employed ,.*.««.........
Employment-population ratb.
Unemployed .... ...........
Unemployment rals.
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstftuttonaJ population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed..
Employment-population ratio.
Agriculture ...
Nonagrfcuftural Industries....
Unemployed .
Unemployment rate .
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian nonlnstkutbnal population
Civilian labor force
Participation rale .
Employed
Employment-population ratio.,
Unemployed
Unemployment rate .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian nonlnstltuttonal population
Civilian labor force...
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio....
Agriculture .
Nonagricuttural Industries
Unemployed ..
Unemployment rate .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian nonlnstitutlonai population
Civilian labor force „.Participation rate,
„
Employed
EmpJoymem-populatlon ratio . . . „ , —
Agriculture .
Nonagricultural Industries.
Unemployed
Unemployment rate.
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation;
therefore. Identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally
adjusted columns,
425
188
5,405
1591
18.8
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
Oct.
1990
Sept
1991
Oct.
1991
Oct.
1990
June
1991
July
1991
Aug.
1991
Sept.
1991
Oct.
1991
160.717
107,362
66.0
102.452
63.7
4,910
4.6
161,738
107,414
160.717
107,277
66.7
102.017
63.5
5.260
4.9
161,449
107,745
66.7
101,046
62.6
161,738
107,618
665
101.112
161,846
107,721
665
101,211
62.5
6,510
62
161.558
107,382
66.5
100.760
624
6,622
62
161.642
107,090
101.276
62.6
6,138
5.7
161.846
107,656
66.5
101.661
62.8
5,995
5.6
56.263
77.6
53,360
73.6
2,903
52
56,123
78.3
53,615
74.8
2.508
4JO
56,426
77.9
53.444
733
2,982
5.3
45
56.267
77.9
52,962
735
3,304
5.9
56,344
77.9
52,960
732
3,385
6.0
56.252
77.7
52,934
73.1
3,318
5.9
53.072
733
3459
6.1
45,302
58.0
43,441
55.7
1.862
4.1
45,401
57.7
43,121
543
£280
5J0
45,734
58.1
43.555
553
2,179
43
44,918
573
43,032
55.1
1.886
42
45.572
58.0
43,213
55.0
2.360
52
45,316
57.7
43,137
54.9
2,179
43
45.254
67.6
42,996
54.7
2,256
5.0
45,176
574
43,035
54.7
£141
4.7
45.390
57.7
43,167
543
2223
43
5,941
542
5,111
46.6
829
143
15.0
5.660
533
4,747
44.7
912
16.1
153
6,236
56.9
5,370
49.0
666
13.9
14.7
13.0
5,906
553
4,871
45.6
1.035
17.5
195
14J9
5,722
53.7
4,663
43.7
1,059
18.5
20.0
16.8
5,564
52.5
4,678
43.9
906
182
123
5,587
52.6
4.711
443
877
15.7
16.5
14.8
5,910
55.6
5,005
47.1
905
153
164
14.1
5,960
562
5,003
47.1
957
16.1
163
155
21.383
13.497
63.1
11,957
55J)
1,539
114
21,683
13,685
63.1
12.055
55.6
1,630
11.9
21,714
13,660
625
11,668
54.7
1.692
125
21,383
13,493
63.1
11.913
55.7
1,580
11.7
21,595
13,613
63,0
11,837
543
1,777
13.1
21,631
13,516
62.5
11,922
55.1
1,595
11.8
21,656
13,454
62.1
11,796
545
1.658
123
21,683
13,737
634
12.080
55.7
1,657
12.1
21.714
13,554
624
11.830
545
1,724
12.7
6,339
74.1
5.670
66.3
668
10.5
6.417
73.6
5.773
662
644
10.0
6.377
73.0
5,720
655
658
10.3
6,339
74.1
5,635
65:9
704
11.1
6,399
73.9
5,584
64.5
815
12.7
6.379
735
5,638
643
741
US
6,301
724
5,577
64.1
724
115
6409
735
5.716
655
693
105
6,374
733
5.686
65.1
688
105
6,389
59.7
5,762
53.6
628
94
6,574
604
5,855
53.8
719
10.9
8.499
593
5,732
52.6
768
11.8
6,345
593
5,728
53.5
617
9.7
6,483
593
5.768
532
715
11.0
6,418
592
5,813
53.6
60S
94
6,485
59.7
5,816
635
669
6,576
604
5,896
542
680
103
6.454
592
5.703
623
751
113
768
36.1
526
24.7
243
31.6
31 JO
694
332
427
204
267
38.5
405
35.7
684
323
417
203
267
39.0
35.0
434
809
38.0
550
25.8
259
32£
31.3
32.7
732
34.6
485
233
247
33.7
374
28.9
719
343
470
224
249
34.6
313
374
752
313
403
193
265
39.7
375
423
36JO
726
343
441
21.1
285
393
354
435
WHFTE
Civilian nonlntthuttonal population .....
Civilian labor force.,
Participation rate.,
Employed
—
Employment-population ratio..
Unemployed ........
Unemployment rate
664
663
100,610
622
6,480
6.1
625
*6JO
Men, 20 years and over
66,119
78.3
53,900
755
Civilian labor force
Participation rate...
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
56,532
78JO
56.371
77.7
53,042
732
3.329
63
Women, 20 years and ovsr
Civilian labor f o r c e .
tt
Employed
Employment-population ratio.,
Unemployed .
Unemployment rate .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force....
Participation rate.,
Employed.,
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
16J6
BLACK
Civilian nonlnttltutionaJ population .
Civilian labor f o r c e .
Partfcfcatbn rate....
Employed.
En^toyment-poputatfon ratio...
Unemployed ,
Unemployment rate ....
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Partlcfeation rate.
.........
Employed
Employment-population ratio..
Unemployed ...*..........
Unemployment rate .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
,...,
•
Employed
Employment-populatkjnratio.,
Unemployed .
Unemployment rate....
Both sexss, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force...
Participation rate..
Employed.
Employment-population raio.,
Unemployed .....
Unemployment r a t e .
Men
Women .
See footnote* at end of table.
322
468
224
284
373
403
335
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, agt, and Hispanic origin — Continued
(Nurnbers In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adju«ted
Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
Oct
1090
p
1091
OcL
1001
OcL
1090
June
1091
July
1001
Aug.
1001
Sept
1001
Oct.
1091
14.436
0,553
662
8,818
61.1
735
7.7
14.660
0,846
662
14,008
9.874
662
14,435
0,580
692
1,038
105
50.7
076
9.0
14,751
9,737
66.0
8,781
59.5
956
9.8
14,700
0,834
66.5
8,903
602
931
9.5
14,829
9,747
65.7
8.778
592
969
9.9
14,869
9.863
66.3
8.764
58.9
1.008
11.1
14,008
0,024
66.6
8,871
50,5
1,053
10.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN
CMIan nonlnstltutfonal p
CMRantaborforce
PartWpatbn rate
Employed..
Ei i ptoynwnt-populatton ratio oyed.
Ur>
Unemployment rate •
1
The popUattofi figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore.
Identical nurnbert appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Detail tor the above face and Hispanic-origin groups wit not sum to
66/
8.703
60J9
787
82
data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanic* am Included m both the whke and black population groups.
TaWe A-a. Selected employment Indicators
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Category
OcL
1900
Sept
1991
Oct
1001
Oct
1000
June
1001
July
1991
118,299
41,166
30,150
6.300
117.335
40.753
117,555
40.806
30.240
117,733
40333
29,780
6.354
116,884
40.337
20377
6£20
116.712
40,503
20,993
6/80
116/16
X,B79
36.516
15.758
13.625
18,084
3,434
30,065
35,879
15.946
13.084
17,703
3.668
31.268
36.168
15.054
13,244
17.446
3/475
30,714
36.447
15.880
13.547
17.858
3.376
30,842
36.283
16.142
13^07
16.074
3,502
1.790
1.398
94
1.807
1,510
100
1,717
1,470
116
1,714
1.350
99
105,734
17.944
87,700
1.030
86,760
0,049
236
104,727
17,847
86,880
982
203
104.840
18/401
86,448
1,020
85.428
0,160
227
Al industries:
Part time for economic reasons.
Slack work.
Could only find part-time work.
Voluntary pan time
5,052
2.522
72
16.042
5.941
3,048
2.545
15,317
Nonagricukurat Industries:
Parttimefor econorri
Slack work
CookJ onlyfindpart-time work.
Voluntary part time
4,788
2,324
2,114
15.628
5,615
2,829
2,445
14,827
Aug.
1991
Sept
1001
Oct
1001
20,915
6/67
117,165
40,510
29,843
6.574
116,067
40.531
20,852
30,026
35.891
16,138
13,057
17,184
3,540
30,850
35.876
15,030
13,102
17.121
3,466
31.002
36,006
16.075
13,045
17,509
3,451
31,110
36.132
16,034
13.152
17,161
3/30
1.748
1/31
115
1,678
1/07
120
1,704
1,480
102
1.746
1/31
118
1.620
1.436
126
105,384
17.694
87.600
1.017
86.673
8,850
250
104.345
17,808
86.447
1,005
85,441
260
104/22
17,060
86,453
1,113
85,340
8,860
220
104.122
17.008
86,214
1.058
85,156
8,817
212
104,744
17,055
86.780
1.013
85.775
8,080
105
104/42
18.165
86.277
008
85.270
8,080
243
5,801
3,218
2,416
15.905
6/00
£663
2.344
15.120
5.705
3.146
£325
15.508
5,881
3.091
£505
15.208
3,073
2.621
15,040
6.374
3/17
2.728
15.046
6,328
3.438
2,612
14,076
5.630
3,022
2,363
15,306
5.135
2.467
£281
14.715
5/25
2.064
£229
15.168
5,605
£015
2.435
14.737
5.643
2,886
2.533
14,591
6.130
3.207
2.638
14,570
6,116
3.253
2.563
14/84
CHARACTERISTIC
Ctvflan employed, 16 yean and over.,
Married men, spouse present „...—„,
Manied women, spouse present ta..f.l
Women who maintain famlles .».**...«
8,554
40/62
6/43
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional i datty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Service occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair.
Operators, fabricators, and laborers.-,
Farming,forestry,and fishing
INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
and salary*
Unpaid farmy workers _
NonagricukuraJ Industries:
Wage and salary workers
Go
Private Industries,
Private households
Other Industries.
Setf-empicyedv
Unpaid farrtfyworki
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 1
Excludes pi ns "with a job but not at work* during the survey period for
such reasons as vacation. Illness, or industrial dfepute.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Selected unemployment indicator*, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed poisons
(In thousands)
Category
Unemployment rates1
Oct
1990
Sept
1991
Oct
1991
Oct.
1990
June
1991
July
1991
Aug.
1991
Sept
1991
Oct.
1991
7.142
3,349
2,624
1,169
8,442
4,265
2.940
1.237
8.582
4,193
3,098
1,291
5.7
5.2
4.9
16.2
7.0
6.6
5.9
19.2
6.8
6.5
5.4
20.6
6.8
6.5
5.7
19.0
6.7
6.5
5.5
18.0
6.8
6.4
5.8
18.8
Married men. spouse present..
Married women, spouse present.
Women who maintain families„
1,493
1,222
592
1,889
1,418
639
1,769
1,375
680
3.5
3.9
8.5
4.7
4.7
9.2
4.3
4.3
8.3
4,3
4.4
9.6
4.5
4.5
8.9
4.2
4.4
9.5
Fulklme workers.
Part-time workers .
Labor force time lost2 .
5.860
135
6,892
1.432
7,095
1,473
5.5
7.1
6.6
6.6
8.6
7.6
6.5
8.3
7.5
6.5
8.2
7.8
6.4
8.3
7.7
6.6
8.2
CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16 years and over „
Men, 20 years and over.
Women, 20 years and over.
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .
7.7
OCCUPATION*
Managerial and professional specialty .........
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing
706
1.661
941
1.745
196
891
1,921
1,138
1.880
304
928
1,947
1,153
1.884
286
2.2
44
6.5
8.9
5.5
2.8
52
7.8
11.5
7.6
2.9
4.9
8.5
10.8
6.7
2.9
5.1
8.3
10.1
8.1
2.8
5.1
8.0
9.7
8.1
2.9
5.1
8.1
9.9
5.506
2.114
30
816
1,268
760
508
3.392
270
1f597
1,525
506
159
6/161
2.459
85
956
1,419
838
581
4,001
313
1.851
1,837
638
214
6.494
2*518
57
970
1,491
930
561
3.975
325
1,852
1,798
674
221
5.9
7.3
4.1
13.0
5.8
5.9
5.7
5.3
4.1
6.7
4.5
2.8
8.5
1A
9.7
8.5
15.6
7.1
9.1
8.7
16.7
7.0
7.1
6.9
62
5.1
8.1
5.1
2.8
11.5
7.0
8.9
7.5
15.1
7.2
7.4
6.9
6.2
5.1
7.6
5.5
3.3
11.9
6.9
8.7
11.1
15.7
6.6
6.7
6.6
62
4.7
7.8
5.3
3.4
10.9
7.0
7.7
INDUSTRY
Nonagriculural private wage and salary workers.
Goods-producing industries..
Mining.
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods..,
Nondurable goods
Service-producing Industries
,
Transportation and public utkities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers.
1
Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for
economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.
3
Seasonally adjusted unemployment data for service occupations are not
2
a.2
8.4
7.9
6.3
5.4
7.6
5.7
2.8
12.2
9.0
7.5
162
7.0
7.5
6.3
6.1
4.9
7.8
5.3
3.6
12.0
avaBabte because the seasonal components are small relative to the
trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be
separated with sufficient precision.
Table A-5. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Weeks of unemployment
Aug.
Oct.
1990
Sept
1991
Oct
1991
Oct
1990
June
1991
July
1991
1991
Sept
1991
Oct.
1991
3.073
£229
1,420
767
653
3.452
2,433
2,185
1,087
1,098
3,175
2,575
2,263
1,208
1.055
3.139
2.391
1.591
893
698
3,427
2,862
2,573
Mil
1.162
3.368
2,722
2,348
1.215
1.132
3,385
2,602
2.396
1.221
1,175
3.322
2.832
2.362
1.224
1,138
3.266
2.784
£537
1,410
1,127
..
.......
11.8
5.4
13.9
6.3
14.1
6.8
12.0
5.9
14.2
6.9
13.9
6.6
14.0
72
14.0
7.5
14.3
7.4
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks .......„«..„
—.....-.. ..................
5 to 14 weeks .............................................. .-....„
15 wooks and over
........
15 to 26 weeks ... „„„.„.„
.
«.
27 weeks and over...»....«.
»
.........
100.0
45.7
322
21.1
11.4
9.7
100.0
42.8
302
27.1
13.5
13.6
100.0
39.6
32.1
28.2
15.1
1&2
100.0
44.1
33.6
22.3
12.5
9.8
100.0
38.7
32.3
29.0
15.9
13.1
100.0
39.9
32.3
27.8
14.4
100.0
40.4
31.0
28.6
14.6
14.0
100.0
39.0
33.3
27.7
14.4
13.4
100.0
38.0
32.4
29.5
16.4
DURATION
Less than 5 weeks .......-......-..^........,,....^..,...............—.....
5 to 14 weeks ..—...„....„•.„.
..............
15 weeks and over „,.,..„...„_„„..„„.,...„
».»...«.
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
...«».«.... .
Average (mean) duration. In weeks.
Median duration, In weeks .«.„«..„-
»
...-.„„.„.....„
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
ia4
13.1
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Reason for unemployment
{Nurnbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Reason
Oct
1900
Sept
1991
Oct
1991
Oct
1990
June
1991
July
1991
Aug.
1991
Sept
1991
Oct
1991
3,109
808
2.301
1,030
1.957
625
4,196
831
3.365
1,026
2,142
706
4.070
904
3,167
1,036
2,139
767
3.563
1,056
2.507
981
1,911
684
4,869
1,389
3.481
1,090
2.143
741
4.596
1.188
3,408
990
2.047
821
1,281
3,384
883
2.112
762
4,801
1,129
3,672
929
2.017
762
4.722
1,194
3,527
989
2,091
100.0
46.3
12.0
34.2
16.3
29.1
9.3
100.0
52.0
10.3
41.7
12.7
26.5
8.7
100.0
60.8
11.3
39.5
12.9
26.7
9.6
100.0
49.9
14.8
35.1
13.7
26.8
9.6
100.0
55.1
16.7
39.4
12.3
24.2
BA
100.0
54.4
14.1
40.3
11.7
24.2
9.7
100.0
55.4
15.2
40.2
10.5
25.1
9.0
100.0
56.3
13.2
43.1
10.9
23.6
100.0
54.7
13.8
40.9
11.5
24.2
9.6
Z5
.8
1.6
.5
3.3
.8
1.7
.6
3.2
.8
1.7
.6
2.0
.8
1.5
.5
3.9
.9
1.7
.6
3.7
.8
1.6
.7
3.7
.7
1.7
.6
3.8
.7
3.6
.8
1.7
.7
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
JoblOMft
On layoff
Other job losers .
Job leavers
Reentrant!. .....
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other Job teem .......
Job leaven
Reentrant*
Newentrantt
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers.....
Job leavers ...
Reentrants ..„
New entrants ,
1.6
.6
Table A-7. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force, seasonally
adjusted
(Percent)
Monthly data
Quarterly averages
Measure
1991
1991
1990
III
III
IV
1
1.3
1^
1.6
1.9
1.9
3.7
II
Sept.
Oct.
1.9
15
2.0
3.7
3.8
3^
Aug.
U-1 Penionsunenptoyedi5w*eksorlon9erasaperosin(>fthecMlan
labor force in XJ
u »,...,..,.^i,.i
,
-
•.......,..,*
U-2 Job losers as a oercent of the cVIlan labor force ».„
».„„..„«....„
U-3 Ur»nY>loyedpersons25ytwandoverasapefcemofthocMlan
labor fores for persons 25 years and over .„ ,
tl m.
«.-
LM UnerTpkvedfuMrm)obseekersa» a percent of the fuWmscMlan
labor force.
„
.„..«..„»„.
™
U-5a Total unemployed as a percent of the labor force.
Inctudtarittvraaktontirnari Fore**
U-5b Total unemployed ae a percent of the civilian labor
force.
„.„.„.
.............
-..-. «...
2.7
3.0
3.5
3.7
4.4
4.7
5.3
5.5
5.4
5.5
54
5.4
5\2
5.7
6.3
6.5
6.5
6.5
6A
6.6
5.5
5.8
BA
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.8
6.7
««
«..
5.6
5.9
6.5
6.8
6.8
6.8
6.7
6.8
U-6 Total f ul-time Jobseekers plus 1/2 part-time ]obseekers plus 1/2 total
on parttimefor economic reasons as a percent of the cMBan labor
force lets 1/2 of the part-time labor force ...«......„„„„.«.««« « «
-.
7.6
8.1
9.0
92
92
92
9J3
9A
8.3
8.9
9.8
10.0
10.1
NA
U-7 Total fuMime Jobseekers plus 1/2 part-time jobseekers plus 1/2 total
on Darttimefor economic mannnm nkisribtcoiiratMrfwnrknra as a
pewwrt Of thft f M l a n Wvw*rvr«nhieirftft«vi™rtAHiswlwklifA IssBstft
1/2 of the part-time labor force
N A - n o t available.
-.
„
„
NA
NA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Unemployed persons by w x and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousand*)
Sex and age
Unerrployment rates1
Oct.
1990
Sept
1991
Oct.
1991
Oct
1990
June
1991
July
1991
Aug.
1991
Sept
1991
OcL
1991
Total, 16 years and over.,
16 to 24 years .
16 to 19 years.
16 to 17 years..—.
18 to 19 years...
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years.
55 years and over....
7,142
2,463
1.169
508
657
1.294
4.630
4.105
536
B.U2
2.725
1,237
549
711
1.488
5.720
5,135
589
8,582
2,844
1.291
594
699
1,553
5,680
5.144
548
5.7
11.7
16.2
18.7
14.6
9.4
4.5
4.6
3.5
7.0
13.8
19.2
20.2
18.6
11.1
5.6
5.8
4.5
6.8
14.3
20.6
24.0
18.0
11.2
5.3
5.6
4.0
6.8
134
19.0
22.0
16.8
10.7
5.5
5.7
4.2
6.7
13.2
18.0
20.5
17.0
10.8
5.4
5.7
3.8
6.8
13.8
18.8
21.6
16.9
11.3
54
5.7
3.6
Men, 16 years and over.
16 to 24 years...
16 to 19 years..,
16 to 17 years.
18 to 19 years.
20 to 24 years.
25 years and over.
25 to 54 years,
55 years and over
3.982
1.325
633
263
368
692
2.630
2.299
344
4.976
1.607
711
300
418
896
3.345
2.979
366
4.856
1.539
663
300
361
876
3,288
2.951
340
5.8
12.0
16.7
18.4
15.6
9.6
4.6
4.7
3.9
7.4
15.1
21.7
20.5
22.3
11.9
5.9
5.9
4.7
7.3
15.4
21.7
24.1
19.2
12.5
5.7
6.0
4.7
7.2
14.2
19.7
22.9
17.6
11.6
5.8
5.9
5.0
7.2
14.6
19.4
21.5
18.6
12.2
5.8
6.1
4.2
7.1
145
18.7
21.5
16.8
12.0
6.7
6.0
4.0
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years...
16 to 19 years.,
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years ......
25 years and over ...
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
3.160
1.138
536
245
289
602
2.000
1.806
192
3,466
1,118
526
249
293
592
2.375
2.155
223
3,726
1,305
628
294
338
677
2.392
2.193
208
5.6
11.4
15.6
18.9
13,4
9.2
4.3
4.5
2.9
6.5
12.4
16.4
19.9
14.6
10.3
5.3
5.5
A3.
6.2
13.0
194
23.9
16.7
9.8
4.8
5.0
3.1
6.4
12.5
18.4
20.9
16.0
9.6
5.1
5.4
3.3
6.1
11.7
16.4
19.5
15.2
9.3
5.0
5.3
3.3
6.5
13.3
18.8
21.6
17.0
10.5
5.1
5.4
32
Unerrployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Table A-9. Employment statue of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveteran* by age, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
CMIan labor force
Unemployed
Civilian
noninstitutiona)
population
Veteran status
and age
Employed
Total
Percent of
labor force
Number
Oct
1990
Oct
1991
Oct
1990
Oct
1991
Oct.
1990
Oct
1991
7.680
6,501
1.339
3.245
1.917
1.179
7,810
6.424
1.090
2.993
2,341
1,386
6,980
6.156
1.253
3,085
1,818
624
7.076
6.060
1,019
2.836
2,205
1,016
6,718
5,924
1,172
3.001
1.752
794
6,745
5.761
956
2.673
2.132
984
262
232
81
84
66
30
17,725
8,133
5,400
4,192
18.702
8,545
5,897
4,261
16.652
7,764
5,018
3,870
17.440
8.031
5,505
3.904
16,052
7.460
4,836
3,755
16.643
7.642
5,271
3,730
600
303
182
115
Oct
1990
Oct
1991
Oct.
1990
Oct
1991
331
298
62
163
73
32
3.8
3.8
6.5
2.7
3.7
3.7
4.7
4.9
6.1
5.8
3.3
32
797
388
234
174
3.6
3.9
3.6
3.0
4.6
4.8
4.3
4.5
VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 35 years and over
„
35 to 49 years -.,...
«,.
...........
35 to 39 years
„
„..!.....
40 to 44 years
«
«...„...
45 to 49 years
.„•
..„........„„
50 years and ovw
...........**„.....
NONVETERANS
Total, 35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years »
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
„...
„
.
-.
-.
„.« .
.
„
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces
between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men who have
never served in the Armed Forces; publfehed data are limited to those 35 to 49
years of age. the group that most dosety corresponds to the bulk of the
Vietnam-era veteran population.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Employment status of the civilian population for 11 large states
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted1
State and employment status
Seasonally adjusted2
Oct
1990
Sept.
1991
Oct
1991
Oct.
1990
June
1991
July
1991
Aug.
1991
Sept
1991
Oct.
1991
22,078
14,659
13,828
832
5.7
22,528
14,969
13t846
1,123
7.5
22,571
15,001
13,907
1,094
7.3
22,078
14,633
13,739
694
6.1
22,403
14,753
13,545
1,208
8.2
22,447
14.725
13,609
1,116
7.6
22,486
14,885
13,796
1,089
7.3
22,528
15,006
13,853
1,153
7.7
22.571
14,986
13,820
1,166
7.8
10,188
6,475
6,076
399
6.2
10,404
6,473
5,954
519
8.0
10,424
6,498
6,031
467
7.2
10,188
6,443
6,047
396
6.1
10,344
6,396
5,918
478
7.5
10,365
6,413
5,913
500
7.8
10,384
6,480
5,956
524
8.1
10,404
6.474
5,958
516
8.0
10,424
6.455
5,988
467
72
6,044
5,699
346
5.7
8,926
6.010
5,612
398
6.6
8,931
5,961
5,514
447
7.S
8,885
6,040
5,677
363
6.0
8,914
6,061
5,620
441
7.3
8,919
6.042
5.636
406
6.7
8,922
6,035
5,598
437
7.2
8,926
5,995
5,569
426
7.1
8,931
5,955
5,494
461
7.7
4,620
3.116
2,930
186
6.0
4,624
3,125
2,846
279
8.9
4,625
3,132
2,874
258
8.2
4,620
3,140
2,937
203
6.5
4,623
3,105
2.810
295
9.5
4,624
3,099
2,816
281
9.1
4,624
3.047
2,768
279
9.2
4,624
3,141
2,853
288
9.2
4,625
3,155
2.875
280
8.9
7,004
4,563
4,236
327
7.2
7,020
4,510
4,093
417
9.2
7,023
4,536
4,149
386
8.5
7,004
4,538
4,203
335
7.4
7,015
4,552
4,138
414
9.1
7,018
4,446
4,075
371
8.3
7,019
4,428
4,026
402
9.1
7,020
4,502
4,065
437
9.7
7,023
4,510
4,112
398
8.8
6,026
4,068
3,848
220
5.4
6,025
4,018
3,777
241
6.0
6,026
4,024
3,752
272
6.8
6,026
4,103
3,881
222
5.4
6,025
4,058
3,789
269
6.6
6,026
4,054
3,800
254
6.3
6,025
4,033
3,764
269
6.7
6,025
4,047
3.795
252
6.2
6,026
4,052
3,778
274
6.8
13.799
8.623
8,161
462
5.4
13,802
8,557
7,975
582
6.8
13,803
8,541
7,949
591
6.9
13,799
8,628
8,154
474
5.5
13,800
8.642
7,978
664
7.7
13,802
8,511
7.909
602
7.1
13,801
8,536
7,894
642
7.5
13,802
8,601
8,016
585
6.8
13,803
8,561
7,943
618
7.2
California
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Illinois
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Massachusetts
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force -.
Employed. ,
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Michigan
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Jersey
Civilian noninstitutiona! population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New York
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Employment status of the civilian population for 11 large states — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted1
State and employment status
Seasonally adjusted2
Sept
1991
Oct
1991
Oct.
1990
June
1991
July
1991
Aug.
1991
Sept
1991
Oct
1991
5,016
3,380
3,232
148
4.4
5,075
3,530
3,342
5,080
5,016
3,381
5,058
3,443
3,230
5,064
3,426
3,214
187
5.3
3,490
3,311
179
5.1
5,069
3,476
3,272
204
5.9
5,075
3,545
3,336
5,080
3,491
3,305
186
5.3
8,291
8,320
5,435
5,153
8,314
5,373
5,008
306
309
5.7
282
5.2
365
348
5.8
8,312
5.497
5,119
378
6.9
8,316
5,443
5,187
8,316
5,435
5,126
6.8
6.4
9,395
5,897
9,419
5,915
9.422
5,993
9,415
5.952
9,416
5,908
5,550
346
5,811
383
5.9
5.542
373
6.3
9,419
5,921
5320
401
6.8
12,416
8,406
7,961
445
5.3
12,565
8,525
7,978
547
6.4
12,580
8334
7,918
616
7.2
OCL
1090
North Carolina
Civilian noninstituttonal population ..
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
3,226
155
4.6
213
8,291
8309
5,447
212
6.2
209
5.9
Ohio
Civilian nonlnstitutional population ...
Civilian labor force
Employed
*
,
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
,
5,493
5,463
5,148
315
5.8
5,100
347
9,395
5,905
5,558
347
5.9
9,411
397
6.7
418
7.0
5,475
433
7.3
12,416
8,416
7,916
500
12323
8,543
8,061
482
12338
8,619
8,038
581
12351
8,467
7,920
547
5.9
5.6
6.7
6.5
6.4
5,095
8.320
5^96
5,101
295
Pennsylvania
Civilian noninstitutional population ...
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
6.4
5,940
5,543
5334
9,422
5,994
5,606
388
63
Texas
Civilian nonlnstituttonal population ...
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
•„....
Unemployment rate
1
These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics* estimates used in the
administration of Federal fund allocation programs.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore,
12,565
8,515
12,580
7,956
559
6.6
7,881
672
7.9
8,553
identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted
columns.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-l. Employees on nonfarm payroll* by industry
( I n thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Oct.
1990
Aug.
1991
Sept.
1991 E 7
110,721 108,687 109,37
Total.
Oct.
199l£/
Oct.
1990
June
1991
July
1991
Aug.
1991
Sept.
1991p/
Oct.
1991fi/
109,740 109,98! 108,885 108,859 108,971 109,019 109,018
92,128
91,416
91,225
91,083
91,638
90,429
90,439
90,557
90,612
90,605
Ooods'Produeing industries.
25*062
24,255
24,198
24,070
24,705
23,792
23,798
23,826
23,792
23,727
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
S.W
704
394.6
693
386.4
688
384.9
710
397
704
398
701
394
693
390
684
384
680
383
Construction
.
General building contractors
5*252 5,001
1,234.
31
4,883
4,946
1,209.3 1,191.9
5,022
1,272
4,710
1,172
4,695
1,170
4,691
1,165
4,697
1,162
4,668
1,153
Total private.
Manufacturing
Production workers
19,092
12,984
18,550
12,579
18,559
12,606
18,499
12,571
18,975
12,864
18,378
12,410
18,402
12,448
18,442
12,488
18,411
12,456
18,379
12,451
Durable goods
Production workers
11,050
7,340
10,563
6,983
10,580
7,011
713.3
483.6
531.2
720.9
260.3
1,366.2
1.972.1
1,583.3
10,546
6,993
11,000
7,287
10,534
6,943
10,546
6,971
10,553
6,983
10,531
6,958
10,496
6,942
704.7
484.9
529.6
715.6
257.1
1,364.0
,967.2
,581.6
1*872.8 1,860.0
798.1
807.4
961.8
965.9
371.0 376.2
730
505
549
753
276
1,415
2,074
1,647
1,957
805
995
375
696
483
518
718
260
1,358
1,990
1,594
1,845
770
969
363
699
478
520
721
260
1,359
1,984
1,589
1,861
791
968
367
700
483
523
722
260
1,361
1,980
1,585
1,868
797
966
365
697
481
522
719
260
1,358
1,980
1,580
1,862
795
967
365
698
481
522
715
258
1,355
1,971
1,574
1,849
788
963
368
8,042 7,987 7,979 7,953
5,644 5,596 5,595 5,578
1,719.6 1,765.7 1,758.8 ,722.4
50.0
50.2
50.8
51._
681.4 673.5 675.0 675.0
1,041.9 1,051.6 1,039.8 1,045.6
697.2 693.0 690.7
699.,
1,570.2 1,526.5 1,523.6 .,524.8
1,092.7 1,095.9 ,088.6 1,092.0
161.2 160.9
163.3
160.1
860.9
894.3
866.0 869.8
122.5
130.0
122.5 121.6
7,973
5,577
7,844
5,467
7,856
5,477
7,889
5,505
7,880
5,498
7,883
5,509
1,672
49
678
1,032
699
1,573
1,095
158
889
1,677
48
665
1,017
687
1,531
1,086
159
854
120
1,660
49
671
1,032
689
1,532
1,084
159
857
125
1,685
50
670
1,031
692
1,531
1,088
160
861
121
1,675
48
670
1,034
692
1,530
1,088
159
863
121
1,674
48
672
1,036
690
1,526
1,094
159
864
120
85,093
85,061
85,145
85,227
85,291
5,809
3,546
2,263
5,809
3,550
2,259
5,825
3,566
2,259
6,068
5,517
2,551
6,064
3,509
2,555
5,820
3,564
2,256
6,050
3,500
2,550
6,047
3,493
2,554
5,831
3,572
2,259
6,041
3,485
2,556
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and eoal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing industries.
<
.
737,
III:
753.
274.
1,424,
2,069,
1,655.
l
717.5
481.1
532.5
722 ;
261.4
1,358.5
1,972.2
,586.9
,856.5
790.2
967.6
367.7
i8 i:
i8
994
383
85,659
84,432
85,174
85,670
128
85,277
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
.*
Communications mnd public utilities...
5,907
3,634
2.273
5,822
3,546
2,276
5,873
3,612
2,261
5,881
3,622
2,259
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
6,209
3,613
2,596
6,085
3,517
2,568
6,065
3,493
2,572
6,059
3,485
2,574
5,855
3,582
2,273
6,190
3,613
2,577
19,669
2,508.5
3,246.2
2,083.6
6,564.3
19,478
2,306.4
3,230.3
2,064.3
6,753.3
19,378
2,304.9
3,218.4
2,054.0
6,700.6
19,292
2,339.4
3,233.6
2,048.1
6*538.6
19,663
2,491
5,238
2,075
6,586
19,345
2,358
3,229
2,034
6,571
19,347
2,347
3,232
2,038
6,578
19,343
2,349
3,227
2,038
6,563
19,339
2,340
3,228
2,036
6,569
19,292
2,323
3,224
2,040
6,558
6,727
3,293
2,121
1,313
6,772
3,302
2,151
1,339
6,706
3,281
2,117
1,308
6,675
3,273
2,117
1,285
6,746
3,305
2,127
1,314
6,703
3,281
2,130
1,292
6,688
3,275
2,122
1,291
6,687
3,276
2,123
1,288
6,691
3,284
2,121
1,286
6,695
3,286
2,123
1,286
29,106
5,414.4 5,423.8
,319.7 8,353.5
28,479
5,295
7,965
28,712
5,280
8,206
28,733
5,280
8,249
28,851
5,321
8,289
28,918
5,334
8,320
29,019
5,354
8,362
18,657
2,969
4,426
11,262
18,344
2,980
4,339
11,025
18,456
2,971
4,359
11,126
18,420
2,963
4,338
11,119
18,414
2,967
4,337
11,110
18,407
2,979
4,333
11,095
18,413
2,984
4,322
Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service station
Eating and drinking places
Finance* insurance, and reel estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate
Services
Business services
Heslth services
28,554 29,004
i,363.4 5,379.3
,957.8 8,314.0
Government
Federal
State
Local
18,593
2,965
4,444
11,184
£/
s
preliminary.
17,271
2,991
4,103
10,177
29,005
18,147
2,973
4,268
10,906
11,107
ESTAiLXSHttCNT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT 0ATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisery workers^/ «n private nonfarm payrolls by
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Oct.
1990
Total private.
Mining
Aug.
1991
Sept.
1991B/
Oct.
199 lp/
Oct.
1990
June
1991
July
1991
Aug.
1991
Sept.
199l£/
Oct.
199lp/
34.3
34.7
34.7
34.4
34.2
34.6
54.1
34.3
34.5
34.3
44.6
44.5
44.8
44.6
44.0
45.0
43.9
44.5
44.1
44.1
Construct!on
38.0
38.7
39.0
39.2
(2)
(2)
C2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
Durable goods
Overtime hours
40.9
40.9
41.4
41.1
40.7
40.8
40.7
41.0
41.0
40.9
3.7
41.4
41.2
41.8
41.
41.5
X £
41.3
3.7
41.2
3.7
41.4
3.8
40.2
39.2
41.9
42.8
43.5
41.4
42.0
40.9
42.5
43.3
41.0
40.2
40.6
39.5
42.2
42.6
43.5
41.4
41.5
40.5
41.8
42.5
40.7
40.1
40.8
40.0
42.6
43.1
44.0
42.0
42.3
41.1
42.8
44^0
41.3
40.5
40.
39.
42.
42.
43.
41.
41.
40. i
39.8
38.6
41.2
42.9
43.7
41.2
42.1
40.7
42.5
42.6
41.0
39.8
40.6
39.3
42.0
42.3
42.6
41.2
41.8
40.7
42.1
42.9
41.0
39.7
40.0
39.2
41.9
42.6
43.1
41.3
41.6
40.7
42.3
43.6
40.6
39.6
40.2
39.1
41.6
43.0
43.9
41.6
42.0
40.8
42.4
43.3
41.0
40.1
40.4
39.2
42.0
42.8
43.7
41.7
42.1
40.8
42.3
43.0
41.3
40.2
41."
41.1
40.'i
42. i
43. <\
41.1
39.?
40.2
3.8
40.5
4.0
40.8
4.3
40.1
40.0
40.1
40.1
40.4
40.4
40J
41.1
39.4
41.8
37.4
43.3
38.0
42.7
43.6
41.2
37.8
41.4
40.1
41.8
37.6
43.8
38.2
43.3
44.7
41.5
37.9
40.1)
40.4
40.5
40.6
40.4t
Lumbar and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone/ clay» and glass products
Primary metal industries.
Blast furnaces and basic steel products.
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment.
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods..
Overtime hours.
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products.
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products.
Leather mn^ leather products
41.0
40.8
40.1
36.6
43.6
38.0
42.5
43.8
41.3
37.3
40.'
42.'
44.
41.]
40.]
\
8:J
43.!t
37.!>
43.C
44.1
41.4
37. t
40.6
(2)
39.8
36.4
43.5
37.9
42.6
40.4
C2)
40.8
36.9
45.2
37.8
42.8
(2)
41.0
37.0
43.5
37.6
42.6
41.4
3.7
39.9
39.
41.1 i
42.*
44.
(2)
(2)
(2)
41.4
37.3
43.5
37.8
45.2
41.3
37.4
45.4
37.7
43.3
41.]
37.;
43.; i
43*1
(2)
(2)
(2)
C2)
(2)
(2)
41.1
37.1
41.1
37.6
41.1
37.7
41.4
37.3
41.2
37.7
41.2
36.9
38.5
Transportation and public utilities.
38.7
38.9
39.0
38.7
38.5
38.9
38.4
38.7
38.8
Wholesale trade
38.1
38.2
38.4
38.2
37.9
58.4
37.9
38.2
38.2
38.1
Retail trade
28.4
29.3
28.8
28.4
28.4
28.9
28.4
28.6
28.8
28.4
Financef insurance* and real estate.
35.5
35.7
36.1
35.5
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Services.
32.4
32.7
32.6
32.4
32.3
32.7
32.2
32.4
32.6
32.4
1/ Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction!
and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and
public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance*
insurance/ and real estate; and services. These groups
account for approximately four-fifths of the total
employees en private nonfarm payrolls.
2/ These series are not published seasonally
adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative
to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and
consequently cannot be separated with sufficient
precision.
P * preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonaupervisory workersi/ on private nonfarm
payrolls by industry
Average hourly earnings
Industry
Total private
Seasonally adjusted.
,....
Copatruction....t
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steal products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products.
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Fond and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile nill products
Apparel and other textila products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
.
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
transportation and public utilities
MhoWsala trade.
Oct.
1990
Sept.
199Ifi/
no.i« $10.31 $10.46
10.40 10.42
10.10
14.16
14.36
13.73
14.03 14.14
13.97
11.17
11.28
10.94
11.89
11.77
11.50
9.14
8.61
11.18
13.08
15.04
10.95
11.90
10.45
14.41
15.00
11.46
8.62
10.20
9.54
15.81
8.12
6.65
12.43
11.36
13.74
16.40
9.87
6.96
13.08
10.86
Retail trade..,
6.83
Finance, insurance, and raal astata
Aug.
1991
10.08
9.96
9.36
8.82
11.41
13.42
15.44
11.23
12.15
10.78
14.83
15.32
11.66
8.85
10.42
9.81
16.58
8.36
6.80
12.72
11.56
14.06
16.80
10.11
7.10
13.26
11.14
6.97
10.37
10.15
9.40
8.88
11.43
13.52
15.56
11.32
12.24
10.85
15.06
15.66
11.74
8.90
10.49
9.87
16.02
8.42
6.86
12.79
11.67
14.22
17,15
10.17
7.18
13.31
11.24
7.07
10.52
10.34
Average weekly earnings
Oct.
1991fi/
Aug.
1991
Oct.
1990
Sept.
I991fi/
Oct.
$10.45 $347.80 $357.76 $362.96 $359.48
10.41 345.42 356.72 359.49 357.06
14.19 612.36 630.12 643.33 632.87
14.14 530.86 542.96 551.46 554.29
11.27 447.45 456.85 466.99 463.20
11.87 476.10 484.92 497.00 493.79
9.35 367.43 380.02 383.52 376.81
337.51 348.39 355.20 349.97
8.86
11.41 468.44 481.50 486.92 483.78
13.52 559.82 571.69 582.71 580.01
15.67 654.24 671.64 684.64 687.91
11.31 453.33 464.92 475.44 473.89
499.80 504.23 517.75 514.11
12.27
10.82 427.41 436.59 445.94 440.37
612.43 619.89 644.57 643.93
15.01
15.55 649.50 651.10 689.04 685.76
11.76 469.86 474.56 484.86 483.34
8.83
346.52
554.89
358.67
356.73
10.50
410.04
391.14
645.05
325.61
243.39
541.95
431.68
583.95
718.32
407.63
259.61
422.01
403.19
653.25
349.45
254.32
550.78
439.28
600.36
732.48
416.53
268.38
427.99
408.62
642.40
351.96
257.94
560.20
445.79
615.73
766.61
422.06
272.12
425.25
404.50
644.81
348.17
255.61
556.80
440.78
616.62
765.18
421.87
266.40
9.89
16.08
8.41
6.78
12,80
11.63
14.34
17.08
10.19
7.20
13.31
11.17
7.07
10.48
10.33
506.20
515.81
519.09
515.10
413.77
425.55
431.62
426.69
193.97
204.22
203.62
200.79
357.84
370.21
379.77
372.04
322.70
331.91
337.08
334.69
P ° preliminary.
Saa footnote 1, tabla B-2,
Tabla B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonaupervisory workers^ on private nonfarm
payroll* by industry, seasonally adjusted
Industry
Total privatei
Currant dollars
Constant (1982) dollars?/
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Excluding overtime*/.............
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance* insurance, and raal estate
Services
Oct.
1990
June
1991
July
1991
$10.10
7.43
13.83
13.86
10.96
10.50
13.05
10.88
6.82
10.09
9.92
$10.37
7.49
14.30
13.98
11.19
10.71
13.23
11.23
7.01
10.50
10.29
$10.36
7.47
14.24
14.01
11.22
10.74
13.26
11.14
7.03
10.40
10.25
1/ See footnote 1, tabla B-2.
2/ The Consumer Price Index for Urban
Hage Earners and Clerical Horkers CCPI-H) is
used to deflate this series.
3/ Change was -0.1 percent from August
1991 to September 1991* tha latest month
available.
Kli
Sep•t.
199
$10,
7,
14
14,
14.27
11,
14.07
10,
11.25 13,
10.76
11,
13.30
7,
11.22 10,
7.04
10,
10.47
10.30
?:S5
Percent
change
front
Oct.
1991fi/ Sept. 1991Oct. 1991
$10.41
N.A.
14.29
14.03
11.28
10.78
13.27
11.19
7.06
10.48
10.29
-0.1
(3)
-.4
.0
£/ Derived by assuming that overtime
hours are paid at tha rate of time and onehalf.
N.A. » not available.
£/ • preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers!/ on private nonfarm payrolls
by industry
C1982-100)
Seasonally adjusted
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Oct.
1990
Aug.
1991
Sept.
I991p/
Oct.
I991fi/
Oct.
1990
June
1991
July
1991
Aug.
1991
Sept.
991
Oct.
1991fi/
Total private
123.9 124.1
123.7
122.7
122.6 122.1 120.7 121.5
122.2
121.4
Goods-producing industries
110.8 107.2
108.1
107.2
107.7 103.8 103.8 104.4
104.5
104.2
63.5
62.9
62.3
Construction
141.6 136.4
135.8
134.5
Manufacturing
107.1 103.8
105.2
104.3
99.8
126.9
117.5
105.3
101.7
126.8
119.7
106.1
89
78.2
104.7
91.4
101.9
116.1
131.9
83.1
101.8
100.9
123.5
118.7
105.4
87.6
76.7
104.3
90,
101
115.3
130.7
82.6
103.6
110.0
120.7
75.5
100.5
96.0
111.5
123.4
102.8
89.5
125.2
109.0
107.6 105.8 106.0 107.2
110.4 110.4 109.0 111.4
70.0 68.8 69.7 74
95.9 96.8 98.0 98
92.3 92.1 94.2 94
111.1 108.9 109.7 110.5
107.0
111.1
68.8
98.5
94.9
110.2
66.1
Mining
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles »nd equipment
Instruments and related products.........
Miscellaneous manufacturing
105.4
128.9
123.9
109.7
92.8
81.9
108.1
96.0
105.7
120.2
130.2
86.1
105.3
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products.
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
109.4 109,
115.4
77.6
97.2
93.9
111.9
127.5
103.9
87.8
129.5
61.2
87.9
77.5
102.2
89.6
100.7
111.6
124.4
82.3
100.1
120,
73.1
100.3
94.8
110.9
123.2
102.7
88.2
123.6
57.8
129.8 131.7
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
116.11115.2
Wholesale trade
116.4 114.5
Retail trade
.
121.7 124.1
Finance, insurance* and real estate.....
119.4 121.0
Services
146.4 150.2
1/
See footnote 1 , table B-2.
116.2
74.6
99.7
97,0
110.5
122.7
103.3
89.7
125.9
57.9
56.2
130.7
129.6
64.4
62.5
62.2
60.9
60.8
130.9 124.4 123.8 123.3
124.9
124.6
105.6 102.0 102.3 103.2
103.0
102.8
104.2 99.4 99.6 100.3
126.3 122.4 121.3 122.1
120.8 117.1 115.5 116.5
106.4 101.6 101.6 101.6
92.6 86.7 87.8 88.8
83.3 75.7 76.2 78.0
106.6 101.6 102.1 102.9
96.6 91.2 90.3 91.3
104,7 101.3 101.4 101.5
118.3 111.0 113.9 114.7
128.4 121.8 128.6 128.6
85.5 83.3 82.3 82.6
101,3 97.1 98.4 99.2
100.1
122.3
116.8
102.4
87.9
77.7
103.2
64.2
127.4 122.7 122.6 122.9
104.4 101.9 100.9 102.9
86.0 86.2 85.4 86.4
128.0 122.1 122.5 124.1
60.0
56.0
91.4
100.9
113.6
126.6
82.6
99.5
122.8
102.6
86.5
123.9
99.6
121.2
116.2
102.1
87.6
77.6
102.8
90.9
100.0
113.4
126.3
82.1
99.9
107.2
111.0
66.9
98.5
95.5
109.8
122.7
103.7
86.9
124.2
56.1
56.8
55.0
129.3 130.3 128.2 129.2
130.2
129.0
57.3
116.7
116.1
114.3 114.8 113.5 114.5
115.0
114.2
114.5
114.0
115.7 114.5 112.9 113.4
113.5
113.1
121.0
118.9
121.7 121.5 119.3 120.1
120.9
118.8
120.6
118.1
119.4 121.3 117.9 119.0
120.4
118.1
149.6
149.2
146.1 148.5 146.4 147.8
149.1
148.7
P = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Diffusion indexes of employment change* seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span
Jan
Feb
Apr.
Mar
May
June
July
Aug
Sept
Oct
Nov.
Dec.
Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries!/
Qver 1-month spent
1989
64 5
58. 1
38. s
59 0
58. 1
56. 9
58. 7
38. 2
53.9
48.7
38.5
52 .7
52 .81
51
55.8
48.3
45.8
52.9
46.6
51.5
Over 3-month spent
1989....
1990....
1991....
67. 6
5 8 . ft
31. 6
65.
59. 0
50. 8
IS: 4
61. 1
56.2
50.7
38.5
54
48 7
39 5
55.9
49.4
48.9
54.9
45.6
51.7
Over 6-month spam
1989..
1990.,..
1991....
67. 7
56. A
26. 7
65. n
55.
31. 2
63,
55.
29. 5
59.0
51.8
54.5
56 ^
47 ft
41 2
53.4
44.9
E/47.5
Over l2-»or>th spam
1989..,,
1990,.,.
1991..,,
65.
5 4 . ft
30.
65. 7
54.
30. 6
62. 7
51. 4
fi/30. 2
61.5
48.3
p/32.6
61 5
46 6
59.6
43.5
1991,...
ft
54 6
49.2
45.1
47. A
54. ft £/50.8
56 6
41 ft
59.6
40.5
52. 1
42. 0
52.
43. 7
P/54. 2
55.9
40.0
fi/51.1
56 f)
57. 4
55.8
55.8
59.
55. 1
54.5
42.7
p/50.7
55. 9
38.
53.8
37.2
58. 1
34. ft
57.9
50.9
59 1
2 8 . ft
57.6
40.3
56. 7
3 5 . ft
55.8
34.1
56. n
3 0 . ft
55.5
32.0
5 5 . f,
30.
Manufacturing payrolls, 139 i industries!/
Over 1-month spent
1989....
1990....
1991. . . .
5 8 . f,
46. n
31.
50. 7
51. 1
28. 4
48. 9
41. 4
29. 9
47.5
47.8
38.5
47 1
41 7
46 8
44.2
39.6
46.0
44.2
43.2
53.2
45. 7
40.
53. 2
38.8
38.8
E/46.4
48.
34.
E/46. 0
48.6
27.3
I
35. ft
Over 5-month »pan«
1989...,
1990....
1991....
56.
45. n
19. 4
54.
43. ?
16.
49. 3
45. 0
18.
43.5
38.1
30.2
42 8
38. 1
36.
42.1
57.4
48.9
40.3
55.6
57,2
56.
31.
E'56. 5
39.9
27.0
E'45.7
41. o
23. n
41.0
21.6
41. 7
18.
Over 6-month spam
1989,...
1990,.,.
1991,...
57. q
59. 9
10. 4
51.
36. 7
17.
48. 6
37. 1
19. 4
45.0
40.3
23.4
41. 7
32. 4
38.
58.1
30.6
E'45.7
38.1
24.1
£/50.4
58. 1
20.
55.6
21.2
38.
17.
39.6
16.2
5 9 . ft
11 9
53. 6
55.
13. 3
56. 1
33.
14. 7
51. 8
31.
E'14. 0
46.4
29.5
E'17.3
44. 6
25.
41.7
20.9
38.1
19.8
3
11:
0
54.9
12.9
36. 3
10.
52.4
11.2
32. 7
10.
Over 12-month spam
1989
1990.,..
!/ Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-,
and 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month
span. Data are centered within the span.
NQTE? r *Figures mrm the percent of industries with
employment increasing plus one-half of the Industrie
with unchanged employment, where 50 percent
indicetes an equal balance between industries with
increasing and decreasing employment.
@FedFRASER