Full text of The Employment Situation : October 1990
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Bureau of Labor Statistics Technical information: Media contact: (202) 523-1371 523-1944 523-1959 523-1913 United States Department of Labor Washington, D.C. 20212 USDL 90-567 TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS EMARGOED UNTIL 8:30 A.M. (EST), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 1990 THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: OCTOBER 1990 The nation's job market showed further weakness in October, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Nonfarm payroll employment fell sligfritly, as large job losses in construction and manufacturing were only partly offset by gains in the services industry. The civilian worker unenplayment rate held steady at 5*7 percent • Unemployment (Household Survey Data) After inching upward since Jims, both the number of unemployed, 7.1 million, and the civilian worker unemployment rate, 5.7 percent, were unchanged in October. The unemployment rate for all of the major worker groups—adult men (5.1 percent), adult women (4.9 percent), teenagers (16*2 percent), whites (4.9 percent), blacks (11.8 percent), and Hispanics (3.1 percent)—were little changed or unchanged in October. (See tables A-2 and A-3.) The proportion of the unenployed who lost their last jobs was about unchanged in October. At 3.5 million, the number of job losers was about 400,000 higher than the June level. The number of persons working part time who would prefer full-time work (workers an part time for economic reasons) also was little changed in October but has risen by 450,000 since June. (See tables A-4 and A-8.) Civilian Bnplovment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) Total civilian employment edged down to 117.7 million in October. Bnployment had risen by 500,000 during the first half of the year but since then has dropped by nearly 700,000. The proportion of the working-age population that is employed (the employment-population ratio) was 62.4 percent in October. That measure had hovered around 63.0 percent during all of 1989 and the first half of 1990. (See table A-2.) The civilian labor force, at 124.8 million, has shovai no growth since spring* although the working-age population has continued to increase. As a result, the labor force participation rate has begun to inch dovti. Most of this declining participation has occurred among teenagers, but even the rate for-adult wanen, which had been on a long upward trend, has been edging down in recent months. (See table A-2.) - 2 Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, .seasonally adjusted Monthly data Quarterly averages 1990 Category II I | III I Aug. I | Sept. | Oct. I I Thousands of persons HOUSEHOLD DATA Labor force 1/ Total enployment !_/• Civilian labor force.. Civilian employment Unemployment Not in labor force..., Discouraged workers Sept.|0ct. |change 1990 126,550| 119,927| 124,9081 118,2851 6,623! 62,916) 893| 126,421| 119,459| 124,798| 117,836| 6,962| 63r468| 835| 126,300| 119,298| 124,660| 117,658! 7,003| 63,601| N.A.| I I I 126,568| 119,499| 124,967| 117,898! 7,069| 63,434| 126,354| 119,281| 124,784| 117,711| 7,073| 63,7411 N.A. | N.A.j I 1 -214 -218 -183 -187 4 307 N.A. Percent of labor force Unemployment rates: All workers 1/ All civilian workers Adult men Adult women Teenagers White Black Hispanic origin... 5, 5, 4. 4. 6| 14.8| 4.6| 10.4| 7.6| I 5 5 5 01 4.81 16.2| 4.81 11.71 5.5| 5.6| 5.0| 4.9| 16.7| 4.8| 11.81 7.8| 5, 5, | 5, 5.0| 15.5| 4.8| 8.7| I .0 5.6| .0 5.7| .0 5.1| 4.9| -0.1 16.2| .7 4.9| .1 -.3 -.6 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Thousands of jobs Nonfarm enployment Goods-producing* Service-producing... 110,541IpllO,638| 110,613|pll0,561|pll0,493| p-68 25,178| p25,018| 25,013| p24,936| p24,794|p-142 85r363| p86,620| 85,600| p85,625| p85,699| p74 I I I I I Hours of work Average weekly hours: Total private , Manufacturing I Overtime, P34.6| p41.0| P3.7! t 1 1/ Includes the resident Armed Forces. N.A.^iot available. 34.6| 40.9| 3.7| 34.5| 41.0| 3.8| P34.7| p34.2|p-0.5 p40.8| p-.3 p3.7| p.O P3.7| I p=preliminary. - 3 - Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data) Nonfarm payroll employment signaled continued weakness in October, as substantial job losses in construction, manufacturing, and retail trade more than offset gains in services and state and local government. Total payroll employment edged down by 70,000 over the month, and, unlike recent months, temporary census workers accounted for a very small portion of that decrease. (See table B-l.) Construction lost the most jobs in October, with a decline of 80,000 that was widespread throughout the industry. With building activity having slowed considerably, the industry has had decreases of 185,000 jobs over the last 5 months. Employment in mining was little changed over the month, despite a small increase in oil and gas extraction. In manufacturing, employment declined by 60,000 in October, continuing a downward trend which has seen the number of jobs in the nation's factories drop by 175,000 in the last 3 months and by 580,000 since the peak level in January 1989. Durable goods industries have borne the brunt of these job losses, with widespread employment declines in October including losses in electronic equipment, fabricated metals, transportation equipment, lumber, and furniture. Reductions also occurred in several of the.nondurable goods industries, including textiles, apparel, rubber and plastics, and leather. In the service-producing sector, retail trade experienced a drop of 50,000 in October, following 2 months of smaller declines. Wholesale trade decreased by 10,000, as the problems in manufacturing and construction continue to affect adversely employment among the distributors of goods. The durable goods conponent of wholesale trade has lost 25,000 jobs since June. Elsevfcere in the service sector, the services industry Itself added 95,000 jobs in October. As has been the case in recent months, health services accounted for most of this gain, hut there were also increases in several other services industries in October, inciting social services and private education. Bnployment in business services edged down; this industry has shown no clear employment trend since May. Bnployment in state and local government rose over the month, mainly in education. Vteeklv Hours (Establishment Survey Data) The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls fell by half an hour in October to 34.2 hours, seasonally adjusted. The decline in hours was widespread across industries. In manufacturing, the workweek declined by 0.3 hour to 40.8 hours, while overtime was unchanged at 3.7 hours. (See table B-2.) - 4 Declines in both employment and the workweek resulted in steep declines in the indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The index for private production or nonsupervisory workers declined by 1.6 percent to 123.3 (1982=100) in October, seasonally adjusted. The construction index fell 5.6 percent to 132*4, and the index for manufacturing, at 105.8, was down about 1.0 percent over the month and 2.2 percent over the past year. (See table B-5.) Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data) Average hourly earnings of production or nonstpervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls were unchanged in October at $10.17. Average weekly earnings, however, were down 1.4 percent, seasonally adjusted, as a result of the sharp drop in weekly hours. Prior to seasonal adjustment, average weekly earnings decreased $4.07 to $349.85. Over the year, average hourly earnings rose 3.7 percent and average weekly earnings were up 2.5 percent. (See tables B-3 and B-4.) The Enployment Situation for November 1990 will be released en Friday, December 7, at 8:30 A.M. (EST). Explanatory Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, total employment, and unemployment thai appears in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households that is conducted by the Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides the information on the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies. The sample includes over 340,000 establishments employing over 40 million people. For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. The data in this release are affected by a number of technical factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each of these factors is explained below. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys The sample households in the household survey are selected so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. Those who hold more than one job are classified according to the job at which they worked the most hours. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether they were paid or not. People are also counted as employed if they were on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor and management, or personal reasons. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total. People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their eligibility for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the survey week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Persons laid off from their former jobs and awaiting recall and those expecting to report to a job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The tabor force equals the sum of the number employed and the number unemployed. The unemployment 'rate is the percentage of unemployed people in the labor force (civilian plus the resident Armed Forces). Table A-5 presents a special grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive definition yields U-l and the most comprehensive yields U-7. The overall unemployment rate is U-5a, while U-Sb represents the same measure with a civilian labor force base. Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the payroll records of nonfarm firms. As a result, there are many differences between the two surveys, among which are the following: — The household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, private household workers, and members of the resident Armed Forces; — The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed; the establishment survey does not; — The household survey is limited to those 16 years of age and older; the establishment survey is not limited by age; — The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each in* dividual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance. Other differences between the two surveys are described in ' 'Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS upon request. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. For example, the labor force increases by a large number each June, when schools close and many young people enter the job market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; over the course of a year, for example, seasonality may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. To return to the schooi's-out example, the large number of people entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place since May, making it difficult to deter* mine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity. Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and average hourly earnings include components based on the employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the components and combining them. The second procedure usually yields more accurate information and is therefore followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of the labor force. The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June period and again for the July-December period. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment are also calculated twice a year. In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year. Sampling variability Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the number of people employed and the other estimates drawn from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the amount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standaid errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the chances are approximately 68 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than the standard error from the results of a complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than 1.6 times the standard error from the results of a complete census. At approximately the 90-percent level of confidence—the confidence limits used by BLS in its analyses—the error for the monthly phange in total employment is on the order of plus or minus 358,000; for total unemployment it is 224,000; and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage point. These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes but, rather, that the chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that the "true** level or rate would not be expected to differ from the estimates by more than these amounts. Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the data are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the estimate of the size of the labor force is subject to less error than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate of adult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly change is the jobless rate for men is .25 percentage point; for teenagers, it is 1.29 percentage points. • In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most current months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are revised. In other words, data for the month of September are published in preliminary form in October and November and in final form in December. To remove errors that build up over time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of employment—against which month-to-month changes can be measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries and allow for the formation of new establishments. Additional statistics and other information In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide variety of data in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $8.50 per issue or $25.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20204. A check or money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders. Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of the standard errors for the household survey data published in this release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, the standard errors appear in tables B through J of its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P, and Q of that publication. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the population, including Armed Forces in the United States, by sex (Numbers in thousands) | Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status and sex Oct. 1990 Oct. 1989 June 1990 July 1990 188,560 190,002 126,125 126,380 66.9 66.5 119,903 119,562 63.6 62.9 1,709 | 1,601 118,194 j 117,961 3,309 3,289 114,885 114,672 6,222 6,818 4.9 5.4 62,455 63,622 190,095 126,590 66.6 119,869 63.1 1,570 118,299 3,280 115.018 6,722 5.3 63,505 188,580 125,857 66.7 119,294 63.3 1,709 117,585 3,197 114,388 6,563 5.2 . 62,723 189.607 126,466 66.7 120,019 63.3 1,630 118,389 3,348 115.041 6,447 5.1 63,141 189,763 126,394 66.6 119,580 63.0 1,627 117,953 3,085 114,867 6,814 5.4 63,369 90,535 69,461 76.7 66,217 73.1 1,533 64,684 3,243 4.7 91,271 69,569 76.2 66,053 72.4 1,441 64,612 3,516 5.1 91,299 69,610 76.2 66,010 72.3 1,414 64,596 3,600 5.2 90,535 69,599 76.9 66,046 73.0 1,533 64,513 3,553 5.1 91,087 69,599 76.4 66,000 72.5 1,465 64,535 3,599 5.2 91,168 69,544 76.3 65,740 72.1 1,462 64,278 3,804 5.5 91,240 69,459 76.1 65,596 71.9 1,475 64,121 3,863 5.6 98,045 56,664 57.8 53,685 j 54.8 i 176 j 53,509 ; 2,979 i 5.3 98,796 98,731 56,980 56,811 57.7 57.5 53,510 ; 53,858 54.2 i 54.5 160 f 156 53,350 53,702 3,302 3.122 5.8 5.5 98,045 56,258 57.4 53,248 54.3 176 53,072 3.010 5.4 98,520 56,867 57.7 54,019 54.8 165 53,854 2,848 5.0 98,595 56,849 57.7 53.839 54.6 165 53,674 3,010 5.3 98,661 98,731 56,758 I 56,842 57.5 ! 57.6 53,632 ' 53,702 54.3 ! 54.4 160 j 165 I 53.472 ! 53,537 3,126 3,140 5.5 5.5 Oct. 1969 Sept. 1990 Aug. 1990 Sept. 1990 Oct. 1990 TOTAL Noninstitutional population* Labor force2 Participation rate3 Total employed* Employment-population ratio* Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed Agriculture Nonagricuitural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate* Not in labor force 189,901 190,002 126,300 126,568 66.6 66.5 119,298 119,499 62.6 62.9 1,640 1,601 117,658 | 117,898 3,137 j 3,181 114,521 114,717 7,069 7,003 5.6 5.5 63,434 63,601 j 190,095 I 126,354 ! 66.5 ! 119,281 I 62.7 ; 1,570 I 117,711 i 3.167 114,545 7,073 5.6 63,741 Men, 16 years and over Noninstitutional population2 Labor force2 .*. Participation rate3 Total employed* Employment-population ratio4... Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed Unemployed Unemployment rate* 91,271 69,809 76.5 65,867 72.2 1,441 64,426 3,943 5.6 91,299 69.780 76.4 65,862 72.1 1,414 64,448 3,918 5.6 Women, 16 years and over Noninstitutional population2 Labor force* Participation rate' Total employed2 Employment-population ratio4 Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed : Unemployed Unemployment rate5 ' The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States. 3 98,796 56,575 57.3 53,419 54.1 156 53,263 3,156 5.6 Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population. Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population. Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident Armed Forces). 4 5 HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age Oct 1989 | Oct. 1990 Sept. 1990 Seasonally adjusted' Oct. 1989 June 1990 July 1990 Aug. 1990 Sept. 1990 Oct. 1990 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed. Employment-population ratio2.... Unemployed Unemployment rate ........' 186,871 I 124,416 | 66.6 118,194 63.2 6,222 5.0 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio2 Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate 188,401 ! 188.525 124,779 > 125,020 66.2 ! 66.3 186,871 187,977 t 188.136 i 188,261 188,401 124,148 124,836 I 124,767 ! 124,660 124,967 66.4 66.4 ! 66.3 ! 66.2 66.3 117,961 l 118,299 117,585 116,389 ! 117,953 117,658 117,898 62.7 62.6 62.9 ! 63.0 | 62.6 62.7 ! 62.5 6,722 6,818 6,563 i 6,447 6,814 i 7,003 ! 7,069 5.4 5.5 5.2 i 5.7 5.3: 5-5 ! 5.6 | I ; 188.525 : 124,784 I 66.2 ! 117,711 ! 62.4 j 7,073 j 5.7 I 81,905 63,973 78.1 61,367 ; 74.9 i 2.401 j 58,966 j 2.606 | 4.1 82,940 64,576 77.9 61,651 74.3 2,387 59,264 2.925 4.5 i | ! ! j I 83.013 81,905 64,593 63,918 77.8 78.0 61,606 i 61,026 74.2| 74.5 2.371 ! 2.304 59,235 ; 58.722 2,986 2.892 4.5 4.6 | ! 82,790 82,862 64,344 64,362 77.7 77.7} 61,196 61,143 | 73.9 ! •73.8 i 2,262 ! 2,246 I 58,934 | 58,897 3,148 3,219 4.9 5.0 82.676 64,364 77.9 61.345 74.2 2,400 58.945 3.019 4.7 82,940 64,573 77.9 61,264 73.9 2,295 58,969 3,309 5.1 83,013 64,559 77.8 61,270 73.8 2,271 58,999 3,289 5.1 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio2 Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate 90.860. 91,765, j 52,839' 53.322: • 58.2 58.1 j 50,345 j 50,531 j 55.4 i 55.1 I 686 : 661 49.659 49,870 2.494 2.790 4.7 5.2 91,857 90.860 91,495 53,533. 52,281 \ 53,174 58.3 50,915 55.4 666 57.5 ! 58.1 49,796 ! 50,776 54.8 i 55.5 700 641 , 50,249 2.618 4.9 49.155 , 50,077 2,485 ; 2.398 4.8 4.5 13,655 6,895 50.5 5,777 42.3 243 5,534 1,117 16.2 14,107 7,949 56.3 6,763 47.9 252 i 6,511 1,186 14.9 91,581 53.211 58.1 50,719 55.4 585 50,135 2,492 4.7 : 91,688 53,315 58.1 50,699 55.3 639 ; 50,060 : 2,616 ' 4.9 13,764 7,212 52.4 6,038 43.9 239 5,799 1.174 16.3 13,711 6,983 50.9 5,615 42.4 251 5,564 1,168 16.7 ! 91,765 j 91,857 i 53,121 | 52,983 j 57.9 ! 57.7 i 50,489 ; 50,370 55.0 i 54.8 | 619 i 619 49,870 49,752 2,632 . 2,613 4.9 5.0 : Both sexes, 16 to 19 years \ Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio* Agriculture Nonagricultural industries . Unemployed Unemployment rate , 14,107 \ 7,603 j 53.9 6.481 j 45.9 i 221 6.260 1.122 14.8 ' The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 13,696 6,882 50.2 , 5.779 ' 42.2 ! 242 5,537 i 1.103 ! 16.0 i i ! ' i ! ! 13.806 7,298 52.9 6,268 45.4 249 6,019 1,030 14.1 13,696 7,272 53.1 6,144 44.9 j 266 5,878 1,128 15.5 13,655 7,243 53.0 6,071 44.5 277 5.794 1.172 16.2 2 Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin (Numdors in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted' Employment status, race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin WHITE July 1990 Aua. 1990 Sept. 1990 Oct. 1990 160,640 160.717 159.644 160,365 107.261 107,362 I 106,618 107,273 66.8 ! 66.8 66.9 66.8 102,277 ! 102,452| 101,862 102,461 63.7 ! 63.8 \ 63.9 63.7 4,984 4.910 : 4.756 ' 4,812 4.6 4.5 4.5 160,468 107,230 66.8 102,260 63.7 4,970 160,550 107,135 66.7 101,968 63.5 5,167 160,640 107,451 66.9 102,260 63.7 5,190 160,717 107,238 66.7 102,013 63.5 5,225 4.9 56,144 78.4 53,721 75.0 2.423 4.3 : 4.3 56,111 78.3 53,632 74.8 2,479 4.4 I Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio2 Unemployed Unemployment rate j 159,644 106,780 66.9 102,291 \ 64.1 4.489 ^.2 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Participation rate '. Employed 2 Employment-population ratio Unemployed • Unemployment rate 55,659 78.5 53,735 75.8 i 1.924 3.5 I 55,932 78.3 | ! 53,650 75.1 i ! 2,282 3.9 4.1 55,895 78.1 53,576 74.9 2,318 4.1 | 56,035 i 78.3 i 53,613 | 74.9 : 2.423 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio2 Unemployed .....»• Unemployment rate 44,637 | 45,166 j 45,302 i 44,207 45,055 58.0 I 57.1 | 57.7 57.9 57.9 43,441 | 42,437 i 43,292 42,876 43,155 55.7 I 54.9 55.4 55.6 55.3 1,862 1,770 1,761 1,763 2,011 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.9 4.5 45,120 57.9 43,321 55.6 1,799 4.0 45,100 57.9 43,227 55.5 1,873 4.2 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed ~ Employment-population ratio' Unemployed Unemployment rate Men Women ! j • 56,116 78.3 53.990 75.4 i 2,125 ! 3.0 5,979 54.3 5,132 , 46.6 3*7 \A 2 6.484 56.8 5.680 49.7 304 .4 56.119 78.3 53,900 75.2 2,219 4.0 5.941 ! 54.2 5,111 ! 46.6 823 •, i.O :50 55,626 78.5 53,483 75.5 2,143 ;?.'.! ••2. a 6,785 59.4 5,942 52.0 843 12.4 13. S 10.9 21,361 13,425 62.8 11.855 21.383 13.497 63.1 11.957 55.9 1,539 11.4 21.108 13.507 64.0 11,923 56.5 1,584 11.7 21,289 13,472 63.3 12,064 56.7 1,407 10.4 6.234 74.2 5,593 66.6 6,293 74.0 5,702 67.1 591 9.4 1 6,286 56.6 | 5,519 49.7 767 12.2 12.9 11.4 6,216 56.1 I 5,363 I 48.4 j 853 i 13.7 : 15.1 : 12.3 : 5,999 54.3 5,128 i 46.4 ! 871 : 14.5 15.7 ; 13.2 SLACK Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio2 Unemployed Unemployment rate ; » Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio2 Unemployed Unemployment rate Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian laoor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio^ Unemployed Unemployment rate Men Women 6,306 57.3 5,427 49.3 679 ! 13.9 I 15.3 I 12.5 j 44,888 57,5 43,011 55.1 1,877 4.2 6,239 56.9 5,370 49.0 869 13.9 14.8 13.0 t • i i i Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio 2 Unemployed Unemployment rate See footnotes at end of table. 45,000 57.7 43,112 55.3 1,888 4.2 • ! ; '• j ! j 21,108 13,504 64.0 11.988 56 -3 1,516 11.2 , l ' j ; 55.5 1,569 6,218 ; 74.1 j 5,630 67.1 i 588 ; 9.5 '., 6,332 74.1 5,658 66.3 674 10.6 6.339 74.1 5,670 66.3 668 641 10.5 10.3 6,401 60.8 5,759 , 5^.7 642 • 10.0 6,362 59.5 6,389 59.7 5.762 53.8 6,336 60.2 335 40.6 598 27.4 287 32-i 32.2 32.6 731 34.2 ,515 24.1 215 11.7 21,318 I 21,337 13,366 13,379. 62.8 62.6 11,870 11,791 55.7 55.3 1,510 1,575 11.3 i 11.8 6,293 i 73.9 | 5.617 | 65.9 ! 676 | 10.7 | 12.1 21,383 13,493 63.1 11,903 55.7 1,590 11.8 6,235 73.1 5,572 65.4 663 10.6 6,330 74.1 5,580 65.3 750 11.8 6,351 74.3 5,631 65.8 721 11.3 6,358 59.S 5,730 53.7 628 9.9 6,361 59.5 5,705 53.4 656 10.3 6,335 59.2 5.722 53.5 613 9.7 21,361 13,470 63.1 11,339 55.4 i I ; ; j 5,632 53.2 630 10.7 29.5 30.5 28.4 ; : 628 9.8 768 36.1 526 24.7 243 ; 31.6 j 31.0 | 32.2 i 6,377 59.9 5.708 . 5,812 54.2 54.6 565 630 8.9 9.9 937 43.0 624 23.6 313 33.4 32.0 34.9 . » : ! | ' 302 37.4 550 25.6 252 31.4 37.4 25.3 6,328 59.4 5,735 53.8 592 9.4 ! j i | ! ! 758 ! 35.4 ; 517 24.1 ; 241 j 31.8 i 32.3 ! 31.2 i ' ! | 773 | 36.1 ; 489 i 22.8 j 284 I 36.7 i 38.4 35.0 • 779 36.5 554 25.9 225 28.9 30.6 26.9 ! 807 37.9 550 25.8 257 31.8 30.7 33.1 HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table ,. 3. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin—Continued (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin Oct 1989 Sept 1990 Oct. 1990 Oct 1969 June 1990 July 1990 Aug. 1990 Sept 1990 Oct 1990 13,936 9,333 67.0 8,631 61.9 702 7.5 14,396 9,629 66.9 8,852 61.5 777 8.1 14,435 9,553 66.2 8,818 61.1 735 7.7 13,936 9,339 67.0 8,595 61.7 744 8.0 14,277 9,651 67.6 8,967 62.8 684 7.1 14,317 9,665 67.5 8,899 62.2 767 7.9 14,356 9,707 67.6 8,951 62.3 757 7.8 14,396 9,643 67.0 8,808 61.2 835 8.7 14,435 9,557 66.2 8,783 60.8 774 8.1 HISPANIC ORIGIN Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian tabor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio3 Unemployed Unemployment rate 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population. NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Table A-4. Selected employment Indicators (tn thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Category Seasonally adjusted Oct 1989 June 1990 July 1990 Aug. 1990 I Sept 1990 Oct 1990 Oct. 1989 Sept 1990 Oct. 1990 118,194 41,142 29,947 6,399 117,961 41,083 29,869 6,350 116,299 41,156 30,159 6,399 117,585 40,839 29,544 6.354 118,389 40,554 29,856 6,467 117,953 40,545 29,909 6,380 117,658 40,604 29,949 6,365 117,898 40,919 29,780 6,382 117,711 40,870 29,772 6,342 1,707 1,481 120 1,822 1,364 103 1,790 1,396 94 1,678 1,406 124 1,685 1,507 106 1,628 1,377 96 1,666 1.357 93 1,808 1,276 112 1,743 1,330 96 105,830 17,846 87,984 1,001 86,983 8,784 271 105,612 17,467 88,146 1,026 87,120 8,810 250 105,734 17,944 87,790 1,030 86,760 9,049 236 105,504 17,595 87,909 987 86,922 8,610 280 105,985 17,863 88,121 1,056 87,065 8,759 226 105,885 17,788 88,097 989 87,108 8,709 269 105,691 17,842 87,849 1,033 86,816 8,629 229 105,800 17,555 88,246 1,074 87.171 8,810 235 105,337 17,679 87,658 1,005 86,653 8,680 242 4,435 2,240 1,905 16,313 4,941 2,386 2,245 15,462 5,052 2,522 2,172 16,042 4,767 2,314 2,082 15,368 5,013 2,499 2,224 15,125 4,870 2,565 2,070 15,311 5,036 2,424 2,123 15,377 5,365 2,654 2,462 15,283 5,462 2,627 2,403 15,105 4,216 2,084 1,851 15,876 4,660 2,203 2,157 15,036 4,788 2,324 2,114 15,628 4,526 2,166 2.021 14,936 4,734 2,284 2,141 14,627 4,710 2,408 2,048 14,922 4,780 2,242 2.069 14,899 5,093 2,481 2,386 14,858 5,182 2,436 2.333 14,688 CHARACTERISTIC Civilian employed, 16 years and over Married men, spouse present Married women, spouse present Women who maintain families MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture: Wage and salary workers Self-employed workers Unpaid family workers Nonagricultural industries: Wage and salary workers Private industries Private households .... . Self-employed workers Unpaid family workers PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME' All industries: Part time for economic reasons Slack work Could only find part-time work Voluntary part time Nonagricultural industries: Part time for economic reasons Slack work ••*•• . • "*•** Could only find part-time work Voluntary part time 1 * • ........... _L Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force, seasonally adjusted (Percent) Quarterly averages Measure 1989 Monthly data 1990 1990 III IV I II III Aug. Sept. Oct. 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 £4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 U-3 Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the civilian labor force for persons 25 years and over 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.4 U-4 Unemployed full-time jobseekers as a percent of the full-time civilian labor force 5.0 5.0 4.9 5.0 5.2 5.2 5.4 5.5 U-Sa Total unemployed M a percent of the labor force, Including the resident Armed Forces 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.6 U-5b Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.7 U-6 Total full-time jobseekers plus 1/2 part-time jobseekers plus 1/2 total on part time for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less 1/2 of the part-time labor force 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.6 7.6 7.8 7.9 U-7 Total full-time jobseekers plus 1/2 part-time jobseekers plus 1/2 total on part time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less 1/2 of the part-time labor force 7.9 7.9 7.8 8.0 6.3 N.A. N.A. N.A. U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the civilian labor force ................. •• ............ - N A - not available. TaWe A-6. Selected unemployment Indicators, seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates1 Category Oct. 1989 Sept. 1990 Oct. 1990 Oct 1989 June 1990 July 1990 Aug. 1990 Sept. 1990 Oct. 1990 CHARACTERISTIC 6,563 3,553 2,892 3,010 2,485 1,186 7,069 3,943 3,309 3,126 2,632 1,128 7,073 3,918 3,289 3,156 2,613 1,172 5.3 5.2 4.5 5.4 4.8 14.9 5.2 5.3 4.7 5.0 4.5 14.1 5.5 5.6 4.9 5.3 4.7 16.3 5.6 5.7 5.0 5.5 4.9 16.7 5.7 5.6 5.1 5.5 5.0 15.5 5.7 5.7 5.1 5.6 4.9 16.2 Married men* spouse present Married women, spouse present. Women who maintain families 1,270 1,208 535 1.462 1,231 626 1,482 1,208 591 3.0 3.9 7.8 3.2 3.7 8.0 3.3 3.5 8.5 3.5 3.9 8.5 3.4 4.0 8.9 3.5 3.9 8.5 Full-time wortters Part-time workers Labor force time lost2 5,231 1,283 5,780 1,269 5,847 1,212 4.9 7.1 5.9 4.8 7.6 5.9 5.0 8.1 6.0 5.2 7.9 6.3 5.4 7.1 6.4 5.5 6.8 6.6 4,921 1,819 32 591 1,196 5,460 2,006 27 736 5,487 2,107 27 5.3 6.2 4.8 9.3 5.4 5.2 5.6 4.9 3.9 5.9 4.3 2.7 9.8 5.3 5.9 3.6 9.7 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 3.0 6.2 4.5 2.9 10.0 5.5 6.6 4.4 5.7 6.9 4.9 11.1 5.8 5.9 5.6 5.2 4.1 6.2 4.7 2.8 9.7 5.8 7.0 3.8 11.8 5.7 6.0 5.3 5.3 3.9 6.6 4.7 2.9 9.3 5.9 7.3 3.7 13.2 5.7 5.8 5.6 5.3 4.1 6.7 4.4 2.8 8.2 Total, 16 years and over Men, 16 years and over Men, 20 years and over Women, 16 years and over Women, 20 years and over Both sexes. 16 to 19 years INDUSTRY NonagriculturaJ private wage and salary workers Goods-producing industries Mining Construction ,„,....... ,. ,, , ........... Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Service-producing industries , Transportation and public utitities ....„ Wholesale and retail trade Finance and service industries Government workers Agricultural wage and salary workers 1 1 ,», , 682 , 514 3,102 245 , , , 1,448 491 183 1,409 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for 1,244 773 470 3.454 261 1.576 1,617 834 1,246 743 503 3,380 276 1.609 1.495 507 155 10.2 5.7 5.6 5.7 5.0 3.7 6.0 4.5 2.8 10.6 517 184 -L. economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Tab*« A-7. Duration of unemployment (Numbers in thousands) 1 Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Weeks of unemployment Oct 1969 Sept 1990 Oct 1990 Oct 1989 June 1990 July 1990 Aug. 1990 Sept 1990 Oct. 1990 DURATION Lets than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks... 15 weeks and over 15 K> 26 weeks , 27 weeks and over Average (mean) duration, in weeks Median duration, in weeks 3.073 2,229 3,132 1,862 1,228 624 3,230 2,112 1.476 605 721 767 659 11.6 4.5 12.2 5.1 100.0 50.3 29.9 19,7 10.0 9.7 100,0 47.4 31.0 21.6 11.1 10.6 755 3,166 1,995 1,378 743 3.046 2.049 3,325 2,048 1.609 845 764 3.044 2.479 1,620 .872 748 3,101 2,405 1.581 635 763 643 3,120 2,159 1,513 809 704 11.8 5.4 11.7 5.0 12.0 5.1 12.0 5.2 12,3 5.2 12.5 6.2 11.9 6.0 100.0 45.7 33.2 21.1 11.4 9.7 100.0 48.4 30.5 21.1 11.4 9.7 100.0 46.9 31.5 21.6 11.7 9.9 100.0 45.9 31.9 22.3 11.9 10.4 100.0 47.6 29.3 100.0 42.6 34.7 22.7 12.2 10.5 100.0 43.8 33.9 22.3 12.6 9.7 1,420 1,406 896 685 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed..... Less man 5 weeka 5 to 14 weeks 15 weeks and over ..... 15 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over ... 23JO 12.1 10.9 Table A-€. Reason for unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1 Reasons Oct 1989 Sept. 1990 Oct 1990 Oct 1989 June 1990 July 1990 Aug. 1990 Sept 1990 Oct 1990 NUMBER O F UNEMPLOYED Job losers On layoff Other job losers..'....!..... Job leavers ......,., Reentrants , 1, !.,......„...,.. .*.„...»........».o.......t.«..M.,.«......... ..« 2.625 620 2,004 1,052 1.933 613 3,097 826 2.271 1,055 2,074 591 3,109 808 2,301 1,030 1,957 625 2,979 780 2,199 994 1.890 685 3.151 918 2,233 995 1,789 100.0 42.2 10.0 32.2 16.9 31.1 9.9 100.0 45.4 12.1 33.3 15.5 30.4 8.7 100.0 46,3 12.0 34.2 15.3 29.1 9.3 2.1 .8 1.6 .5 2.5 .8 1.7 .5 *5 .8 1.6 .5 3,367 973 2.394 984 1.879 677 3.511 1.127 2,384 934 1.985 fififi 3.533 1.020 2,513 970 1,904 534 3.088 960 2.128 1,027 1,960 687 100.0 45.$ 11.9 33.6 15.2 28.9 10.5 100.0 48.7 14.2 34.5 15.4 27.7 6.3 100.0 45.7 14.2 31.5 15.2 29.0 10.2 100.0 48.7 14.1 34.7 14.3 27.2 9.8 100.0 49.5 15.9 33.6 13.2 28.0 9.3 100.0 49.8 14.4 35,4 13.7 26.8 9.8 2.4 .6 1.5 .6 2.5 .8 1,4 .4 2.5 .8 1.6 .6 27 .8 1.5 .5 2.8 .7 1.6 .5 2.8 .8 1.5 .6 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed Job losers ...* On layoff , *i.« Job leavers Reentrants New entrants , n «* , ,«..«., ,......., UNEMPLOYED A 8 A PERCENT O F THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers..» Job leavers Reentrants New entrants. * UU1U111 • , „ ' «.. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates1 Sex and age Oct. 1989 Sept. 1990 Oct 1990 Oct 1989 June 1990 July 1990 Aug. 1990 Sept 1990 Oct. 1990 6,563 2,428 1,186 536 645 1,242 4,144 3.652 464 7,069 2,454 1,128 512 652 1,326 4,667 4,121 513 7,073 2,493 1.172 508 660 1,321 4,595 4,036 556 5.3 11.1 14.9 16.9 13,5 8.9 4.1 4.2 3.0 5.2 10.3 14.1 16.1 13.4 8.2 4.1 4.4 2.8 5.5 11.0 16.3 17.4 15.2 8.3 4.3 4.5 3.2 5.6 11.5 16.7 19.2 15.0 8.8 4.4 4.6 3.5 5.7 11.6 15.5 18.4 14.4 9.6 4.5 4.7 3.3 5.7 11.8 16.2 18.8 14.6 9.6 4.4 4.6 3.6 Men, 16 years and over 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years . 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 3,553 1,349 661 308 353 688 2,214 1,919 280 3.943 1.326 634 274 379 692 2,642 2,274 342 3,918 1,330 629 257 371 701 2,606 2.257 360 5.2 11.7 15.9 18.5 14.2 9.3 3.9 4.0 3.2 5.3 11.1 15.4 16.4 14.8 8.9 4.1 4.3 3.1 5.6 11.6 17.5 18.4 16.3 8.5 4.4 4.5 3.6 5.7 11.6 17.8 21.5 15.5 8.5 4.6 4.6 3.8 5.6 12.0 16.7 18.8 16.2 9.5 4.6 4.7 3.8 5.7 12.0 16.5 18.1 15.7 9.7 4.5 4.7 4.1 Women, T6 years and over. 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 3,010 1,079 525 228 292 554 1.930 1,733 184 3,126 1,128 494 238 273 634 2,025 1,847 171 3,156 1.163 543 251 289 620 1,989 1,779 196 5.4 10.4 13.8 15.0 12.8 8.5 4.2 4.4 2.8 5.0 9.3 12.8 15.9 11.9 7,5 4.1 4.4 2.4 5.3 10.4 14.9 16.4 13.9 8.0 4.2 4.4 2.6 5.5 11.4 15.6 16.6 14.4 9.3 4.3 4.5 3.1 5.5 11.2 14.2 17.9 12.6 9.6 4.4 4.6 2.6 5.6 11.6 15.8 19.6 13.4 9.4 4.3 4.5 3.0 Total, 16 years and over 16 to 24 years 16 to 19 years 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. Table A-10. Employment status of black and other workers (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status Civilian noninstitutionaJ population Civilian labor force Participation rate: Employed Employment-population ratio* Unemployed Unemployment rate Not in labor force Oct 1969 Sept 1990 Oct 1990 Oct 1989 June 1990 July 1990 Aug. 1990 Sept 1990 Oct. 1990 27,227 17,636 64.8 15,902 58.4 1,734 9.8 9,591 27,761 17,518 63.1 15,684 56.5 1,834 10.5 10,243 27,808 17.658 63.5 15.846 57.0 1.811 10.3 10,150 27,227 17,601 64.6 15,797 58.0 1,804 10.2 9,626 27.612 17,540 63.5 15,883 57.5 1.657 9.4 10,07? 27.668 17.448 63.1 19,655 56.6 1,793 10.3 10,220 27.711 17,498 63,1 15,671 56.6 1.826 10.4 10,213 27,761 17,527 63.1 15.629 56.3 1,897 10.8 10.234 27,808 17,614 63.3 15,746 56.6 1,868 10.6 10.194 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstttutionat population. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-M. Occupational status of the employed and unemployed, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Civilian employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Occupation Oct. 1989 Oct 1990 118,194 118,299 6,222 6,722 5.0 5.4 Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty 31,224 15,146 16,078 30.879 14,792 16,087 593 337 256 707 386 321 1.9 2.2 1.6 2.2 2.5 2.0 Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support including clerical 36,009 3,543 14,006 36,518 3,819 14,055 18,644 1,541 99 664 777 1.634 104 701 829 4.1 £7 4.5 4.0 4.3 2.7 4.7 4.3 Service occuDdtions . Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective 15,407 798 1,883 12,726 15,758 777 1,926 13,055 1,032 41 62 928 1,103 32 88 984 6.3 4.9 3.2 6.8 6.5 4.0 4.4 7.0 Precision production, craft and repair... Mechanics and repairers Construction trades Other precision production, craft and repair 13,930 4,482 5,404 4,044 13,625 4,478 5,182 3,965 652 147 348 156 808 163 468 177 4.5 3.2 6.1 3.7 5.6 3.5 8.3 4.3 Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors.... Transportation and material moving occupations .. Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Construction laborers Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 18,145 8,160 5,113 4,872 733 4,139 18,084 8,158 5,013 4,913 742 4,171 1,438 632 267 538 104 435 1,574 724 258 592 167 426 7.3 7.2 5.0 9.9 12.4 9.5 8.0 8.1 10.8 18.3 9.3 3.478 3,434 233 186 6.3 5.1 Total, 16 years and over1 a fof&strv and fishina ..... ...... 18,460 ........................ Oct 1989 Oct. 1990 Oct 1989 Oct 1990 4.9 * Persons with no previous work experience and those whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. Table A-12. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Civilian labor force Civilian noninstitutional population Veteran status and age Unemployed Employed Total Number Oct 1989 Percent of labor force Oct Oct 1989 1990 Oct 1989 Oct 1990 Oct 1989 Oct 1990 Oct 1989 Oct 1990 7,504 6,491 1,644 3.301 1,546 1,013 7,680 6,501 1,339 3,245 1,917 1,179 6,872 6,163 1,536 3,163 1,463 709 6,980 6,156 1.253 3,085 1,818 824 6,630 5,969 1,486 3.058 1,424 661 6.718 5,924 1,172 3,001 1,752 794 242 194 51 105 39 47 262 232 81 84 66 30 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.3 2.6 6.7 3.8 3.8 6.5 2.7 3.7 3.7 16,484 7,549 4,806 4,129 17,725 8,133 5,400 4,192 15,518 7,185 4,515 3,818 16,652 7,764 5,018 3,870 15,005 6,958 4,362 3,684 16,052 7.460 4,836 3,755 514 227 152 134 600 303 182 115 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.9 3.6 3.0 Oct 1990 VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS Total, 35 years and over 35 to 49 vears 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 49 years 50 years and over « « NONVETERANS Total, 35 to 49 years 35 to 39 years 40 to 44 years 45 to 49 years NOTE: Mate Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7. 1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data are limited to those 35 to 49 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Employment status of the civilian population for eleven large States (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted1 State and employment status Seasonally adjusted2 Oct. 1989 Sept. 1990 Oct 1990 Oct. 1939 June 1990 Juty 1990 Aug. 1990 Sept. 1990 Oct. 1990 21,602 14,706 14,036 670 4.6 22.039 14,608 13,761 846 5.6 22.078 14,659 13,828 832 5.7 21,602 14,673 13,955 718 4.9 21,918 14,801 14,073 728 4.9 21,961 14,751 13,995 756 5.1 21,999 14,816 14,010 806 5.4 22,039 14,616 13,747 869 5.9 22,078 14,613 13,729 684 6.0 9,959 6,249 5.693 357 5.7 10,169 6,419 6,024 395 6.2 10,188 6,475 6,076 399 6.2 9.959 6,225 5,864 361 5.8 10.111 6,294 5,886 408 6.5 10,132 6,313 5,953 360 5.7 10,150 6,365 5,939 426 6.7 10,169 6,450 6,061 389 6.0 10,188 6,454 6,054 400 6.2 8,845 6,044 5,665 379 6.3 8,882 6,029 5,636 393 6.5 8,885 6,044 5,699 346 5.7 8,845 6.031 5,636 395 6.5 8,871 5,986 5,625 361 6.0 8,876 6,102 5.691 411 6.7 8,878 5,954 5,568 386 6.5 8,882 6,008 5,573 435 7.2 8,885 6,034 5,676 358 5.9 4,619 3,121 2.993 128 4.1 4,621 3,147 2,953 194 6.2 4,620 3.116 2,930 186 6.0 4,619 3.138 2,997 141 4.5 4,620 3.172 2.987 185 5.8 4,620 3,157 2.963 194 6.1 4,620 3,171 2,960 211 6.7 4,621 3,187 2,988 199 6.2 4,620 3,136 2,937 199 6.3 6,990 4,684 4,321 363 7.7 7,003 4,579 4,265 315 6.9 7,004 4,563 4,236 327 7.2 6,990 4,658 4,286 372 8.0 6,999 4,631 4,294 337 7.3 7,001 4,614 4,271 343 7.4 7,002 4,599 4,237 362 7.9 7,003 4,568 4,237 331 7.2 7,004 4,524 4,191 333 7.4 6,032 3.962 3,771 190 4.8 6,027 4,041 3.838 203 5.0 6,026 4,068 3.848 220 5.4 6,032 4,021 3,828 193 4.8 6,028 4,037 3,845 192 4.8 6,028 4,073 3.879 194 4.8 6,028 4,066 3,872 194 4.8 6,027 4,083 3,870 213 5.2 6,026 4,126 3,901 225 5.5 13,306 8,666 8,265 401 4.6 13,801 8,671 8,198 473 5.5 13.799 8,623 8.161 462 5.4 13,806 8.674 8,253 421 4.9 13,801 8,732 8,287 445 5.1 13,802 8,686 8,222 464 5.3 13,801 8,586 8,155 431 5.0 13,801 8,751 8,267 484 5.5 13.799 8,632 8,151 481 5.6 4,956 3,397 3,293 104 3.1 5,012 3,397 3,286 110 3.3 5,016 3.380 3,232 148 4.4 4,956 3,385 3,275 110 3.2 4,996 3,438 3,312 126 3.7 5,002 3,410 3,252 158 4.6 5,006 3,370 3,247 123 3.6 5,012 3,407 3,280 127 3.7 5.016 3,367 3,212 155 4.6 8,269 5.477 5,169 308 5.6 8,290 5,436 5,177 259 4.8 3.291 5.493 5,187 306 5.6 8,269 5,462 5,135 327 6.0 8,283 5,419 5,135 284 5.2 8,286 5,411 5,104 307 5.7 8,268 5,446 5,174 272 5.0 8,290 5,450 5,166 284 5.2 8,291 5,470 5,145 325 5.9 California Civilian noninstitutionaJ population Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate rK/TnMI Civilian nontnstitutionaJ population Civilian labor force cnflDioy^o UiMi(1 ••»iii*i«iiii«ii t Unemployed Unemployment rate Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Massachusetts Civilian noninstitutionaJ population Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Michigan Civilian noninstitutionaJ population ... Civilian labor force , Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate New Jersey Civilian noninstitutionaJ population .... Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate New York Civilian noninstitutional population .... Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate North Carolina Civilian noninstitutionaJ population Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Ohio Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate See footnotes at end of table. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Employment status of ths civilian population for eleven large States—Continued (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted1 State and employment status Oct 1989 Sept. 1990 Seasonally adjusted3 Oct 1990 Oct 1989 June 1990 July 1990 Aug. 1990 Sept 1990 Oct 1990 Pennsylvania Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Employed * Unemployed Unemployment rate 9,374 5,817 5,560 257 4.4 9,393 5,858 5.561 297 5.1 9,395 5,897 5.550 346 5.9 9,374 5,803 5,530 273 4.7 9.387 5,894 5.623 271 4,6 9,390 5,869 5,574 295 5.0 9,392 5,777 5,496 281 4.9 9,393 5,850 5,531 319 5.5 9,395 5,897 5,535 362 6.1 12.263 8,474 7,963 511 6.0 12.404 8.491 7,965 526 6.2 12,416 8,406 7.961 445 5.3 12,263 8,460 7,908 552 6.5 12,365 8,452 7,979 473 5.6 12,379 8,371 7,853 518 6.2 12,391 6,325 7.833 492 5.9 12,404 8,484 7,953 531 6.3 12,416 8.398 7,916 482 5.7 Texas Civilian noninstitutional population Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate ....... 1 These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used in the administration of Federal fund allocation programs. 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted columns. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA T.->bIj B-l. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Industry Oct. 1989 Aug. 1990 Sept. I Oct. 1990fi/ |1990£/ Oct. 1989 June 1990 July 1990 Aug. 1990 Sept. 1990 Oct. 1990P/ 109,719 110,304 110,8581111,235 108,980 110,829 110,740 110,613 110,561 110,493 Total. 91*606 93,147 92,83* 92,669 91,096 92,282 92,300 92,320 92,262 92,164 Goods-producing industries. 25,642 25,4551 25,343 25,143 25,283 25,162 25,105 25,013 24,936 24,794 Mining........ Oil and gas extraction. 719 393.1 745 415.1 710 390 744 413 745 413 735 410 7361 4101 735 412 5,239 1,338 5,270 1,334 5,229 1,319 5,194 1,307 5,1831 1,309! 5,103 1,286 19,1451 19,0501 19,334 13,2701 13,0341 13,0321 12,9561 13,171 19,148 13,007 19,131 13,010 19,084 12,968 19,017 12,903 18,956 12,863 ll,337j 11,201 7,541 7,439 11,179 7,433 11,129 7,395 11,067 7,340 11,027 7,315 Total private Construction General building contractors. 7481 414.41 5,4911 5,537 1,387.611,381.6 746 415.3 5,452) 5,34*1 ,357.811,332.01 I 19,4321 19,1731 Manufacturing Production workers. 11,1071 11,060 7,3831 7,350 I 749.61 737.9 756.9 759, 511.6 511.1 510.7 525 552.5 561.31 558.4 573 750.3 754.11 752.8 763. 269.6 272. . 272.11 270.51 1,440, 911,413.711 .417.011,410.5 2,119. 1(2,085.912 ,075.812,071.3 1,746, 3(1,686.511 ,677.811,673.8 2,032, 311,974.7 ,984.711,974.1 836, 812.01 807.5 799.0 1,020. 993.2 989.2 987.8 394, 390.4 391.0 387.7 11,3751 11,125 7,377 7,578 Durable goods Production workers. Lumber and wood products • Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products. Fabricated metal products < Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment, Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment.. . Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 8.057 5,692 Nondurable goods Production workers 8,048 5,657 8,038) 5,6491 7,990 5,606 1,697.0 1,730.7 1,734.211,701.3 47.7 49.01 48.6 50.3 703.2 724.0 700.2) 694.1 1/073.8 1,025.8 1,029.711,027.2 697.61 706.0 701.21 698.7 1,563.911,577.7 1,572.211,576.8 1,074.011,094.1 1,089.811,085.6 I 159.11 164.4f 162.81 162.2 I 880.91 871.61 872.41 871.41 127.11 126.31 124.01 I 136.41 Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products 753 521 566 764 274 1,433 2,125 1,757 2,031 833 1,021 386 743 515 556 756 270 1,415 2,103 1,703 2,021 826 1,000 384 742 511 552 759 271 1,419 2,104 1,695 2,015 824 996 386 739 513 551 755 271 1,419 2,096 1,685 1,997 814 990 384 736 511 547 751 270 1,411 2,082 1,673 1,981 805 990 385 731 508 545 751 271 1,403 2,078 1,665 1,974 804 939 333 7,997 5,630 7,947 5,568 7,952 5,572 7,955 5,573 7,950 5,563 7,929 5,548 1,651 48 721 1,066 6971 1,567| 1,0761 158| 8781 135| 1,6431 471 7021 1,0291 699| 1,5821 1,086! 1601 871 128 1,645 46 702 1,027 701 1,583! 1,088 160 874| 126 1,650 48 701 1,026 702 1,582 1,086 161 874 125 1,653 47 697 1,026 700 1,5801 1,0391 1611 8721 1,655 46 691 1,020 693 1,530 1,088 160 869 122 I 84,077 j 84,8461 85,5151 86,0921 83,697 85,667 35,635 85,600 Transportation and public utilities Transportation Communications and public utilities 5,7201 3,5491 | 5,8511 3,6161 2,235 5,914| 3,6931 2,2211 5,9281 3,7071 2,221! 5,671 3,500 2,171 5,846 3,627 2,219 5,841 3,625 2,216 5,846 3,631 2,215 5,8681 3,649) 2,2191 5.877 3,656 2,221 Wholesale trade Durable goods Nondurable goods. 6,3331 3,7461 2,587| 6,409 3,785 2,624 6,379 3,760 2,619 6,374 3,754 2,620 6,313 3,744 2,569 6,3831 3,779| 2,6041 6,374 3,775 2,599 6,376 3,770 2,606 6,3671 3,764| 2,6031 6,356 3,754 2,602 Service-producing industries ..*.....,..*•».•• Retail trade General merchandise stores Food stores. Automotive dealers and service stations.. Eating and drinking places Services : Business services Health services Government overnment Fd Federal State . . . . i ? : : : : : 19,804 19,665 2,478.4j 2,527 3,304.11 3,230 2,137.01 2,115 6,619.4! 6,491 19,822 2,496 3,302 2,120 6,598 19,851 2,494 3,304 2,131 6,619 19,846 2,493 3,301 2,135 6,613 6,334 3,334 2,150 1,350 6,756 3,320 2,109 1,327 6,844 3,344 2,143 1,357 6,842 3,341 2,147 1,354 I 27,486| 28,5291 28,464 28,586 5,026.715,107.7 5,123.2 5,110.9 7,685.318,215.9 8,233.9 8,286.1 6,852 3,349 2,151 1,352 6,352 3,350 2,150 1,352 6,853 3,347 2,156 1,350 27,408 4,970 7,690 28,225 5,060 8,096 28,287 5,051 8,132 28,387 5,052 8,191 28,407 5,062 8,234 23,500 5,050 8,294 18,566 2,975 4,430 11,161 17,884 -2,986 4,202 10,696 18,547 3,338 4,296 10,913 18,440 3,164 4,298 10,978 18,293 18,299 18,329 3,007 3,045 2,992 4,318 4,305 4,330 10,943. 10,974| 1 1 , 0 0 7 19,6881 19,965 19,872 2,535.6(2,438.012,434.2 3,236.913,304.713,292.5 2,123.612,160.812,152.4 6,481.416,805.2 6,768.3 6,737| 3,3061 2,104| 1,3271 Finance, insurance) and real estate Finance Insurance Real estate : ! 6,935 3,372 2,157 1,406 6,862 3,343 2,144 1,375 | 18,1131 17,157 18,024 2,995 2969 3,060 •• 2,969 4,253 I 4,3011 4,073 10,0241 10,776 io««i = preliminary. 35,6251 85,699 Note on temporary census workers The number of temporary workers associated with the 1990 census has an impact on the employment levels for the Federal government, as well as for higher aggregates. The estimate of these workers was 22.000 In January. 27.000 in February. 117,000 in March, 178,000 in April, 378,000 in May. 367,000 in June. 194,000 in July. 66.000 in August, and 26.000 in September. For October, the estimated number (preliminary) was 19,000. 19,8321 19,784 2,434 2,471 3,299 3,298 2,137 2,123 6,623 6,633 L L ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers!/ on private nonfarm payrolls by industry Not seasonally adjusted Industry Oct. 1989 Total private. Mining Aug. 1990 |Sept. 1990fi/ IOct. 1990a/ Seasonally adjusted I Oct. 1989 June 1990 July 1990 I Aug. 1990 Sept. I Oct. 1990 £ / |1990E/ 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.4 34.6 34.7 34.5 34.5 34.7 I 34.2 44.1 44.0 45.0 44.8 43.6 44.4 43.7 43.9 44.6 I 44.2 Construction 39.2 39.0 39.1 38.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) Manufacturing Overtime hours. 40.9 3.9 40.8 3.9 41.3 4.1 41.0 3.8 40.8 3.7 41.0 3.8 40.9 3.7 41.0 3.8 41.1 I 3.7 40.8 3.7 Durable goods 'Overtime hours. 41.4 3.9 41.3 3.9 41.8 4.1 41.5 3.9 41.3 3.7 41.6 3.9 41.5 3.8 41.5 3.9 41.7 3.8 41.4 3.7 40.6 39.8 43.0 42.4 42.5 . 41.5 I 42.0 | 41.1 | 41.3 I 43.0 | 41.0 I 39,7. 40.6 39.6 42.7 42.5 43.2 41.3 41.6 40.4 41.8 42.4 40.9 39.7 41.0 39 42.7 43.2 44.0 41.8 42.3 41.2 42.9 44.0 41.4 40.0 40.3 39.2 42.0 42.9 43.9 41.6 42.0 40.8 42.5 43.5 41.2 40.1 40.3 39.2 42.4 42.5 42,8 41.4 42.1 41.0 41.3 42.7 41 39.3 40.3 39.3 42.3 43.0 43.3 41.6 42.0 41.0 42.6 43.7 41.2 39.4 40.2 39.6 41, 43. 44, 41.7 42.0 40.7 42.8 43.6 41.2 39.5 40.4 39.4 42 42 43 41.6 42 1 40.6 42.6 43.7 41.3 39.9 40.8 39.1 42.2 43.0 . 44.0 I 41.6 42.2 41.1 42.8 43.5 41.4 40.0 39.9 38.6 41.3 43.0 44.2 41.'. 42.1 40.6 42.5 43.1 41.2 39.7 I 40.3 3.8 40.3 3.9 40.6 4.1 40.3 3.8 40.1 3.6 40.3 3.6 40.1 3.6 40.2 3.7 40.2 3.6 3.6 I j I 41.1 40.3 40.9 37.1 43.4 37.9 42.4 45.2 41.3 37.9 41.5 39.4 40 36.7 43.2 38.3 42.0 43.8 41.1 41.9 40.9 40.4 36.7 43.6 38.5 42.7 45.2 41.6 37.5 41.0 40.4 40.2 36.7 43.8 38.3 42.6 44.5 41.3 37.3 40.8 (2) 40.6 36.9 43.3 37.8 42.5 (2) 41.1 37.7 40.9 (2) 40 36 43 38.0 42.6 (2) 41.6 37.5 40.5 (2) 40.2 36.6 43.5 38.0 42.4 (2) 41.5 37.4 41.0 (2) 40.0 36.6 43.5 38.2 42.3 (2) 41.3 41.2 <2) 39.9 36.6 43.1 38.0 42.7 (2) 41.4 37.5 40.6 (2) 39.9 36.5 43.7 38.2 42.7 (2) 41.1 37.1 I 39.0 39.3 38.8 38.8 39.2 39.0 38.3 38.2 38.1 38.1 38.1 28.9 28.4 28.9 29.0 28.9 Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures..................... Stone* clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products.. Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic and other electrical equipment.. Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods Overtime hours Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Pap«r and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products. Rubber and misc. plastics products Leather and leather products Transportation and public utilities ". Wholesale trade Retail trade 38.2 I 38.0 39.2 38.1 28.9 29.4 Finance, insurance, and real estate I 36.1 j 35.7 Services 1 32.8 | I I / 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities* wholesale and retail trade; finance* insurance^ and real estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private nonfarm payrolls. 32.8 37.7 38.9 36.1 j 35.6 (2) (2) (2) i 32.4 32.7 32.6 32.6 ' 38.1 28.7 (2) 32.5 (2) I 39.2 38.6 38.2 38.0 28.9 28.4 (2) (2) 32.8 32.3 2/ These series are not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers!/ on private nonfarm payrolls by industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Total private Oct. 1989 Aug. 1990 Sept. 1990p/ Oct. 19 • 9.81 9.78 $10.00 10.09 13.23 13.65 13.74 10.82 $10.17 10.13 13.81 13.92 10.94 11.49 $10.17 10.13 13.77 13.90 10.96 11.50 9.13 8.61 11.23 13.07 15.07 10.96 11.91 10.45 14.42 15.00 11.48 Seasonally adjusted Mining Construction 13.71 . 10.54 Manufacturing Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products Fabricated metal products Industrial machinery and equipment Electronic mnd other electrical equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 11.35 9.14 8.56 11.17 12.94 14.86 10.84 11.80 10.33 14.07 14.54 11.35 8.59 11.07 8.96 8.41 10.90 12.50 14.42 10.61 11.48 10.08 13.82 14.42 10.97 8.36 9.81 9.33 14.91 7.76 6.39 12.01 11.06 13.27 15.60 9.50 6.65 10.12 9.55 16.34 8.04 6.62 12.29 11.30 13.57 16.06 9.81 6.85 Transportation and public utilities 12.74 12.96 Wholesale trade 10.51 10.77 Retail trade 6.61 6.75 Finance* insurance, and real estate 9.70 9.56 Services 9.58 ) 9.78 Nondurable goods , Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing , Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. plastics Products Leather and leather products 1/ 9.22 8.64 11.27 13.05 14.99 10.94 11.93 10.43 14.31 14.85 11.47 8.62 10.20 9.56 16.12 8.09 6.69 12.43 11.41 13.63 16.42 9.90 6.97 13.04 10.94 6.86 10.12 9.99 Oct. 1989 8.68 10.23 9.58 15.66 8.10 6.67 12.45 11.37 13.76 16.56 9.92 7.01 13.03 10.90 6.86 10.09 10.02 Aug. 1990 Sept. 1990 E / $341.39 $348.00 •353.92 $349.85 338.39 348.11 351.51 346.45 583.44 599.72 621.45 616.90 537.43 535.86 544.27 528.20 431.09 441.46 451.82 449.36 458.30 363.78 334.72 468.70 530.00 612.85 440.32 482.16 414.29 570.77 620.06 449.77 331.89 468.76 371.08 338.98 476.96 549.95 641.95 447.69 490.88 417.33 588.13 616.50 464.22 341.02 480.28 378.02 343.01 481.23 563.76 659.56 457.29 504.64 429.72 613.90 653.40 474.86 344.80 477.25 367.94 337.51 471.66 560.70 661.57 455.94 500.22 426.36 612.85 652.50 472.98 348.07 395.34 383.46 600.87 317.38 237.07 521.23 419.17 562.65 705.12 392.35 252.04 407.84 396.33 643.80 324.01 242.95 530.93 432.79 569.94 703.43 403.19 260.30 414.12 400.56 659.31 326.84 245.52 541.95 439.29 582.00 742.18 411.84 261.38 412.27 392.78 632.66 325.62 244.79 545.31 435.47 586.18 736.92 409.70 261.47 496.86 508.03 512.47 505.56 401.48 410.34 419.00 416.38 191.03 198.45 198.25 194.82 350.171 355.571 365.33 359.20 314.221 320.781 326.67 324.65 I I p = preliminary. See footnote 1* table B-2. Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers!/ on private nonfarm payrolls by industry, seasonally adjusted Industry Oct 1989 Total private: Current dollars Constant (1982) dollars?/ Mining Construction Manufacturing Excluding overtime4/ Transportation and public utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance, insurance* and real estate Services $9 .78 7 .65 13 .3? 13 .61 10 .57 10 .10 12 .71 10 .54 6 .60 9 .72 9.55 1/ See footnote 1, table B-2. J/ The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers CCPI-W) is used to deflate this series. $/ Change was -0.5 percent from August 1990 to September 1990, the latest month available. June 1990 July 1990 Aug. 1990 Oct. 1990fi/ Sept. 1990p/ $10.03 $10 07 $10.09 $10.13 7 58. 7.50 7.54 7.58 13 791 13.73 13.82 13.73 13 76 13.781 13.82 13.73 10 89 10.90 10.93 10.86 10 40 10.44 10.40 10.38 13 12.99 13.00 02 12.92 10.94 10.84 10.80: 10 84 6 79 6.84 6.82 6.78 10 08 10.17 10.06 9.98 9 9.99 92 9.93 9.85i Oct. 1990 E ' $10.13 N.A. $13.87 13.80 10.98 10.51 12.99 10.92 6.85 10.101 9.99| Percent change from» Sept. 1990Oct. 1990 0.0 (3) .4 -.1 .5 .0 -.2 -J .0 4/ Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one* half. N.A. = not available. £/ = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers!/ on private nonfarm payrolls by industry (1982=100) Not seasonally adjusted Industry Oct. 1989 Aug. 1990 127.1 113.2 Goods-producing industries. Mining 64.8 67.8 Construction 154.4 154.1 Manufacturing 109.5 107.3 108.7 105.5 Durable goods 135.0 134.3 Lumber and wood products 130.8 125.6 Furniture and fixtures 116.7 113.1 Stone, clay* and glass products 93 Primary metal industries 92 Blast furnaces and basic steel products. 79.8 81 Fabricated metal products .' 110.1 107.0 Industrial machinery and equipment 98.8 95.9 Electronic and other electrical equipment. 112.7 106.4 Transportation equipment 120.3 117.4 Motor vehicles and equipment 133.3 124.1 Instruments and related products 89.0 85.9 108.1 105.4 Miscellaneous manufacturing 124.8 Total private 110.7 113.8 76.5 106.1 98.6 110.9 126.4 104.4 Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco products Textile mill products • Apparel and other textile products. Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products........ Rubber and misc. plastics products. Leather and leather products Service-producing industries Transportation and public utilities Finance, insurance, and real estate. Servi ces I Oct. 1990 E / Oct. 1989 June 1990 126.6 113.9 £9.1 151.9 108.6 124.8 111.4 68.8 144.2 107.1 125.3 124.8 124.6 111.7 110.5 110.5 68.0 66.9 66.1 144.3 138.4 139.8 107.6 107.4 107.1 107.1 134.1 126.3 112.5 105.7 129.4 124 109.5 92.7 81.3 107.6 123.4 111.6 63.1 141.7 108.3 107.9 132.6 127.9 113.3 93.6 81.4 93.8 82.1 108.5 97.1 108.0 121.8 131.7 86, 107.0 110.7 119.5 74.2 101.0 93.1 112.1 129.0 104.6 91.8 127.6 59.6 129.3 133.4 132.3 118,2 120.2 124.01128.21' 125.2 119.51120.4 Retail trade Sept. 1990E/ 109.9 118.1 68.4 101.1 92.7 111.8 129,0 103.5 89.9 90.1 128.21125.5 65.91 61.0 113.8 116,5 Wholesale trade I I Seasonally adjusted 96.1 106.9 120.2 129.6 86.3 107.4 109.0 114.3 72.3 99.4 92.7 112.4 128.5 104,1 90.2 126.3 57.9 See footnote 1, table B-2. Aug. I Sept. 1990 |199 Oct. 1990fi/ 125.3 110.4 67.3 140.3 106.8 105.8 107.11107. 106.5 130.51129. 129.71 126.0 125.8 125.71 110, 108 21109.51 94 93 93.0 82, SO 80 108.1 107 108 108, 98.4 98, 98.1 99 109.6 108. 107.2 111 122.2 120, 123.3 124, 132,3 133.7 133, 131.2 88.5 87.2 86, 86 (104.3 102.7 104, 104.8 106.1 130.8 124.2 108.7 92.9 81.7 107.4 97.1 107.7 121.3 128.9 86.4 .105.0 104.8 126.9 121.7 105.9 93.1 82.9106.4 96 106 120.0 127.7 85.8 103.9 107.7 107.9 66.6 100.6 92.4 111.6 129.0 104, 88. _ 6-1.1 127.2 107.9 110.4 68.5 99.1 92.3 107.3 108.9 65.3 98.1 91.6 112.1 128.7 104.7 87.6 125.2 109.0 108 108.9 108 68.8 64 104.9 101.2 97.3 93.0 110.21111.4 126.4 128.6 105.0 104.4 87.5 93.0 126.9 127.3 64.3 108.0 109 68 100 92 111 129.6 103 88.0 126.8 59.61 I 110.5 .128.3 104:3 39.6 126.7 58.8 123.3 108.3 66.9 132.4 57.0 59.8 130 .9 132 .0 128.8 131.4 131.2 115 .2 116 .7 130.1 116.7 112.0 115.2 115.8 119 .5 119 .6 118.7 119.8 119.5 124.11 124.9 I 118.9 122.6 1123.9 125.31125.1 130.8 117.0 119.8 1121.71124.71 124.3 I 121.7 1121.8 122.9 123.11122:9 124.3 .1142.81148.31 147.4 I 146.5 (142.1 145.8 145.91146.0 147.5 I 1/ July 1990 P = preliminary. I 122.4 121.9 145.7 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted (Percent) I Time span Jan. Feb. I Mar. I I Apr. May June Aug. July Sept I Oct. Nov. I I Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries!/ I 1 Over 1'month s p a m 1989 1990 64.5 | 58.7 I 58.0 53.7 55.6 i 58.6 57.0 I 55.6 49.9 I 55.8 57.3 49.9 55.8 50.8 57.7 48.2 50.0 E/44.9 55 fi/44 !9 59.6 56.6 Over 3-month span* 1989 1990 65.3 I 64.2 56.7 58.4 60.1 | 53.1 I 58.3 55.3 59.7 54.5 50.1 |fi/44.5 55.2 p/41.6 55 . 8 57.7 60.3 Over 6-month spam 1989 1990 .1 67.6 65.4 57.3 I 56.5 56.2 58 . 3 57.4 58.4 Over 12-month s p a m 1989 1990 .1 .I 58.6 57 .3 | I 60.0 54.8 61.0 65.0 55.5 | 55.9 59.7 53.7 61.2 I 58.7 51.4 lp/48.2 I 67.1 | 67.7 I 65.3 | 64.6 j 54.8 | 54.1 lfi/53.4 | E /50.4 I I 64.9 57.0 | fi/46.8 I 58.1 I 61 .2 | 60.0 59.8 56.0 Manufacturing payrolls, 139 Industrie Over 1-month spam 1989.... 1990. 60.4 42.4 48 ,6 45 7 50.4 45.3 47 .1 46 8 45.3 45.7 45.7 40.3 .0 48 ^2 45 .7 40 .ft .2 fi/38 . 1 48 .6 p/37 .8 43.5 48.2 Over 3-month spam 1989 1990.... 54.0 40.3 54 7 37 1 45.3 44.2 43 .9 41 .4 43.2 40.6 42.8 44.2 41 .7 39 .9 33 .1 p/34 .3 p/?9 .9 34 .9 41.7 39.2 Over 6-month spam 1989 1990.... 56.5 37.1 49 .6 35 .6 49.3 36.3 43 . 5 43 . 2 42.1 38.1 37.1 E/32.4 36 .7 p/29 .9 34 .9 34 .2 35 . 3 33.1 36.0 Over 12-month spam 1989. 1990. 53.6 31.3 55 0 31 49.3 £/30.2 45 .3 .0 43.9 39.9 37 . 1 35 .6 33 .8 32 .4 30.9 31.7 fi/27 1 1/ Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span. £/ = preliminary. NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment* where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
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