Full text of The Employment Situation : October 1985
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USDL
85-471
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RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL
8:30 A.M. (EST), FRIDAY,
NOVEMBER 1, 1985
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: OCTOBER 1985
Employment rose in October and unemployment was unchanged, the Bureau
of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The
overall unemployment rate was 7.0 percent, and the civilian worker rate was
7.1 percent; both were the same as in September.
Civilian employment—as
measured
by
the
monthly
survey
of
households—rose by 325,000 in October to 107.9 million. The number of
nonagricultural wage and salary jobs—as measured by the monthly survey of
establishments—advanced by 415,000, with employment gains widespread among
industries.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
Unemployment was unchanged in October at 8.3 million, seasonally
adjusted.
The unemployment rate for the civilian labor force was 7.1
percent, also unchanged over the month but slightly below the levels
prevailing earlier in the year. Although the overall unemployment rate was
stable in October, there was a decline in the rate for adult women (to 6.4
percent) that was balanced by a sharp increase in the rate for teenagers
(20.1 percent). Unemployment rates among blacks (15.0 percent) and whites
(6.1 percent) showed little or no change in October, and the rate for
Hispanics (11.3 percent) edged up. (See tables A-2 and A-3.)
A decline in the number of unemployed who were reentering the labor
force was matched by an increase among those who were seeking their first
jobs.
Together, these two groups accounted for 40 percent of the
unemployed; job losers accounted for almost 50 percent, and job leavers a
little more than 10 percent.
Both the mean and median duration of
unemployment, at 15.3 and 7.1 weeks, respectively, indicated little change
in the amount of time the unemployed had been jobless. (See tables A-7 and
A-8.)
•
- 2 The Civilian Labor Force and Employment (Household Survey Data)
The civilian labor force grew by 340,000 to 116.2 million (seasonally
adjusted) in October.
The gain was the result of small increases
distributed among all three major age/sex groups.
Over the year, the
Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
Quarterly
averages
Monthly data
Category
1985
II
Sept.Oct.
change
1985
lug.
III
Sept,
Oct.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Labor force J^/........
Total employment \J,
Civilian labor force.,
Civilian employment,
Unemployment
,
Not in labor force...,
Discouraged workers,
116,879
108,461
115,176
106,758
8,417
62,771
1,145
Thousands of persons
117,197 117,025 117,550 117,859
108,913 108,898 109,276 109,567
115,477 115,299 115,818 116,159
107,193 107,172 107,544 107,867
8,284
8,127
8,274
8,291
62,937 63,106 62,754 62,611
1,231
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
309
291
341
323
17
143
N.A.
Percent of labor force
Unemployment rates:
All workers \J
,
All civilian workers,
Adult men
,
Adult women
,
Teenagers
,
White
,
Black
,
Hispanic origin...,
7
7
6
6
18
6
15.0
10.5
7,
7,
7,
6,
6,
20,
6,
15.0
11.3
0
0
0
-0.4
2.3
0
-.3
.9
Thousands of jobs
97,977 p98,115 p98,529
25,015 p24,955 p25,045
72,962 p73,160 p73,484
p414
p90
p324
7,
6,
6,
18,
6,
14.8
10.6
6
7
6
6
17
6
14.0
10.3
7.0
7.1
6.0
6.8
17.8
6.1
15.3
10.4
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Nonfarm payroll employment..
Goods-producing
Service-producing
97,338 p97,933
25,055 p24,983
72,283 p72,950
Hours of work
Average weekly hours:
Total private nonfarm
Manufacturing
Manufacturing overtime....
35.1
40.3
3.2
p35.1
p40.5
p3.3
T 7 I n c l u d e s the resident Armed Forces.
p=preliminary.
35.1
40.6
3.3
p35.1
p40.7
p3.3
p35.0
p40.7
p3.4
p-0.1
P0
p.l
N.A.=not available.
- 3 civilian labor force has grown by 2.1 million, or 1.8 percent.
A-2.)
(See
table
At 60.3 percent in October, the employment-population ratio matched
its record mark attained in March. The over-the-month employment gain of
325,000 occurred primarily among adult women.
Over the year, there was an increase of 2.2 million in the number
employed.
More than half of the increase was among managers and
professionals, and there were also strong gains among administrative
support workers. On the other hand, there has been an over-the-year
decline in the number of employed machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors, reflecting the decline in manufacturing employment during the
January-September period. (See table A-ll.)
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
Total nonagricultural payroll employment rose by 415,000 in October,
seasonally
adjusted, to a level of 98.5 million.
Job gains were
widespread, with 64 percent of the 185 industries in the BLS index of
diffusion registering increases.
This is in marked contrast with the
previous month, when less than half of the industries showed advances.
(See tables B-l and B-6.)
Employment in the service-producing sector continued to climb. The
largest gain—150,000 jobs—took place in the services industry, with
sizeable increases in business and health services. Employment also rose
in retail trade, wholesale trade, and finance, insurance, and real estate.
The number of workers on manufacturing payrolls rose by 60,000
(seasonally adjusted), as seasonal job 1 osses in October did not fully
materialize.
Factory jobs had declined by 330,000 between January and
September. Improvements in October were generally small and widespread
throughout manufacturing, with larger increases occurring in lumber and
wood products and rubber and plastics. Elsewhere in the goods-producing
sector, construction jobs continued to advance and employment in mining was
virtually unchanged over the month.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonagricultural payrolls edged down in October to 35.0 hours. The
manufacturing workweek remained at the previous month's high level of 40.7
hours, while factory overtime rose slightly to 3.4 hours. (See table B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls rose 0.3 percent, seasonally
adjusted, to 117.3 (1977=100), as the large gain in employment more than
offset the slight decline in hours. Also reflecting October's job growth,
the manufacturing index rose 0.5 percent to a level of 93.8; despite the
increase, the manufacturing index was still well below its year-ago level.
(See table B-5.)
_ 4 Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly earnings were unchanged in October, and weekly earnings
declined 0.3 percent, after adjustment for seasonality. On an unadjusted
basis, hourly earnings fell 2 cents to $8.65. Weekly earnings, which were
also affected by the shorter workweek, declined $2.43 to $302.75. Over the
past year, hourly earnings increased 25 cents, while weekly earnings
advanced $7.91. (See table B-3.)
The Hourly Earnings Index (Establishment Survey Data)
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 166.7 (1977=100) in October,
seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.1 percent from September. For the 12
months ended in October, the increase was 3.2 percent.
The HEI excludes
the effects of two types of changes unrelated to underlying wage rate
movements—fluctuations in manufacturing
overtime
and
interindustry
employment shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI
increased 0.3 percent during the 12-month period ended in September. (See
table B-4.)
Improved Population Estimates for the Household Survey
Effective with data for January 1986, two technical changes will be
introduced in the population estimates used as controls for the household
survey. One will reflect an explicit allowance for undocumented immigrants
since 1980 (largely Hispanic). This change will be offset somewhat by an
improved estimate of emigration from the United States, also since 1980.
The net effect of these adjustments will be to increase the working age
population by roughly 300,000. For the population as a whole, this should
have little effect on the data. The adjustment for the Hispanic-orgin
population, however, may be much larger. If this is the case, BLS will
revise the data back to 1980.
Explanatory Note
This news release presents statistics from two major surveys,
the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the
Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey).
The household survey provides the information on the labor
force, total employment, and unemployment that appears in
the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample
survey of about 59,000 households that is conducted by the
Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected
from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies.
The sample includes over 200,000 establishments employing
over 35 million people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually
collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household
survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey
week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the
pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of technical
factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a
survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each
of these factors is explained below.
Coverage, definitions, and differences
between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are selected
so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population
16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is
classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.
Those who hold more than one job are classified according to
the job at which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all
as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or
on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether they were
paid or not. People are also counted as employed if they were
on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor and management, or personal reasons. Members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their
eligibility for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if
they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the survey week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment
sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Persons laid off from their
former jobs and awaiting recall and those expecting to report
to a job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be
counted as unemployed.
The labor force equals the sum of the number employed and
the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the
percentage of unemployed people in the labor force (civilian
plus the resident Armed Forces). Table A-5 presents a special
grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The
definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive
definition yields U-l and the most comprehensive yields U-7.
The overall unemployment rate is U-5a, while U-5b represents
the same measure with a civilian labor force base.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only
counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the
payroll records of nonagricultural firms. As a result, there are
many differences between the two surveys, among which are
the following:
— The household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a
larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture,
the self-employed, unpaid family workers, private household workers, and
members of the resident Armed Forces;
— The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed; the establishment survey does not;
— The household survey is limited to those 16 years of age and older; the
establishment survey is not limited by age;
— The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees working at
more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be
counted separately for each appearance.
Other differences between the two surveys are described in
"Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and
Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS upon
request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as
changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.
For example, the labor force increases by a large number each
June, when schools close and many young people enter the job
market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very
large; over the course of a year, for example, seasonality may
account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular
pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in economic activity or increases in the participation
of women in the labor force, easier to spot. To return to the
school's-out example, the large number of people entering the
labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined.
However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can
be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the
seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
economic activity.
Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment
contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all
employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and
average hourly earnings include components based on the
employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the
components and combining them. The second procedure
usually yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figure
for the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted
civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed
Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally
adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and
the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of
the labor force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June period
and again for the July-December period. At the time the first
half year's factors are calculated (upon availability of data for
December), historical data for the previous 5-year period are
subject to revision. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment are calculated only once a year,
along with the introduction of new benchmarks which are
discussed at the end of the next section.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys
are subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the
number of people employed and the other estimates drawn
from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would
be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the
amount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other
factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the
chances are approximately 68 out of 100 that an estimate based
on the sample will differ by no more than the standard error
from the results of a complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will
differ by no more than 1.6 times the standard error from the
results of a complete census. At approximately the 90-percent
level of confidence—the confidence limits used by BLS in its
analyses—the error for the monthly change in total employment is on the order of plus or minus 328,000; for total
unemployment it is 220,000; and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage point. These figures do not
mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes but,
rather, that the chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that
the " t r u e " level or rate would not be expected to differ from
the estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the
data are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or
annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the
larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the
estimate of the size of the labor force is subject to less error
than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among
the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate ofadult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for
the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly
change in the jobless rate for men is .26 percentage point; for
teenagers, it is 1.25 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most current
months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these
estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the
returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are
revised. In other words, data for the month of September are
published in preliminary form in October and November and
in final form in December. To remove errors that build up
over time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes can be
measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in
the classification of industries and allow for the formation of
new establishments.
Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide variety of data
in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by
BLS. It is available for $4.50 per issue or $31.00 per year from
the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
20204. A check or money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of
the standard errors for the household survey data published in
this release. For unemployment and other labor force
categories, the standard errors appear in tables B through J of
its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the
data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual
amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P, and Q of that publication.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the population, Including Armed Forces In tha United States, by sex
(Numbers In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status and sex
Oct.
1984
Sept.
1985
Oct.
1985
Oct.
1984
June
1985
July
1985
Aug .
1985
Sept.
1985
Oct.
1985
TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Participation rate'
Total employed*
Employment-population ratio4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*
Not in labor force
179,967
117,018
65.0
108,566
60.3
1,704
106,862
3,126
103,737
8,451
7.2
62,949
180,131
117,025
65.0
108,898
60.5
1,726
107,172
3,092
104,080
8,127
6.9
63,106
180,304
117,550
65.2
109,276
60.6
1,732
107,544
2,976
104,568
8,274
7.0
62,754
180,470
117,859
65.3
109,567
60.7
1,700
107,867
3,026
104,841
8,291
7.0
62,611
85,970
65,608
76.3
60,959
70.9
1,552
59,407
4,649
7.1
86,052
65,900
76.6
61,256
71.2
1,554
59,702
4,644
7.0
86,132
65,901
76.5
61,507
71.4
1,574
59,933
4,395
6.7
86,217
66,106
76.7
61,685
71 .5
1,580
60,105
4,421
6.7
86,293
66,259
76.8
61 ,689
71.5
1,551
60,138
4,570
6.9
93,828
50,877
54.2
47,113
50.2
150
46,963
3,764
7.4
93,915
51,117
54.4
47,310
50.4
150
47,160
3,807
7.4
93,999
51,123
54.4
47,391
50.4
152
47,239
3,732
7.3
94,087
51,444
54.7
47,591
50.6
152
47,439
3,854
7.5
94,177
51,599
54.8
47,878
50.8
149
47,729
3,721
7.2
78,661
15,955
64.9
07,967
60.4
1,705
06,262
3,268
02,994
7,989
6.9
62,706
180,304
117,582
65.2
109,599
60.8
1,732
107,867
3,174
104,692
7,984
6.8
62,721
180,470
118,046
65.4
110,128
61.0
1,700
108., 428
3,110
105,318
7,917
6.7
62,425
178,661
115,721
64.8
107,354
60.1
1,705
105,649
3,169
102,480
8,367
7.2
62,940
179,798
116,485
64.8
108,072
60. 1
1,702
106,370
3,138
103,232
8,413
7.2
63,313
85,439
65,400
76.5
61,273
71.7
1,557
59,716
4,127
6.3
86,217
66,000
76.6
61,977
71.9
1,580
60,397
4,023
6.1
86,293
66,102
76.6
61,931
71.8
1,551
60,380
4,171
6.3
85,439
65,558
76.7
61,018
71.4
1,557
59,461
4,540
6.9
93,222
50,555
54.2
46,694
50.1
148
46,546
3,862
7.6
94,087
51,583
54.8
47,622
50.6
152
47,470
3,961
7.7
94,177
51,943
55.2
48,197
51.2
149
48,048
3,746
7.2
93,222
50,163
53.8
46,336
49.7
148
46,188
3,827
7.6
Men, 16 years and over
Noninstitutional population'
Labor force*
Participation rate*
Total employed*
Employment-population ratio4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate'
Women, 10 years and over
Noninstitutional population*
Labor force*
Participation rate*
Total employed*
Employment-population ratio4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*
1
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation;
therefore, Identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
* Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
' Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
4
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
' Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident Armed
Forces).
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
(Numbers In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
Oct.
1984
Sept.
1985
Oct.
1985
Oct.
1984
June
1985
July
1985
Aug .
1985
Popt.
1985
Oct .
1985
TOTAL
Civilian noninstltutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2 . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
176,956
114,250
64.6
106,262
60.0
7,989
7.0
178,572
115,850
64.9
107,867
60.4
7,984
6.9
178,770
116,346
65. 1
108,428
60.7
7,917
6.8
176,956
114,016
64.4
105,649
59.7
8,367
7.3
178,096
114,783
64.5
106,370
59.7
8,413
7.3
178,263
115,314
64.7
106,862
59.9
8,451
7.3
178,405
115,299
64.6
107,172
60. 1
8,127
7.0
178,572
115,813
64.9
107,544
60.2
8,274
7. 1
178,770
116,159
65.0
107,867
60.3
8,291
7. 1
76,565
59,992
78.4
56,610
73.9
2,443
54,167
3,382
5.6
77,389
60,565
78.3
57,263
74.0
2,281
54,982
3,302
5.5
77,498
60,661
78.3
57,335
74.0
2,259
55,076
3,326
5.5
76,565
59,913
78.3
56,182
73.4
2,334
53,848
3,731
6.2
77,135
60,100
77.9
56,209
72.9
2,266
53,944
3,891
6.5
77,243
60,143
77.9
56,376
73.0
2,231
54,145
3,767
6.3
77,306
60,227
77.9
56,628
73.3
2,232
54,396
3,600
6.0
77,389
60,438
78. 1
56,802
73.4
2,148
54,654
3,637
6.0
77,498
60,564
78. 1
56,901
73.4
2,153
54,748
3,663
6.0
85,793
46,784
54.5
43,559
50.8
586
42,972
3,226
6.9
86,727
47,840
55.2
44,512
51 .3
597
43,915
3,328
7.0
86,810
48,178
55.5
45,088
51.9
637
44,450
3,090
6.4
85,793
46,264
53.9
43,091
50.2
569
42,522
3,173
6.9
86,477
47,180
54.6
44,032
50.9
558
43,474
3,148
6.7
86,575
47,184
54.5
44,059
50.9
596
43,463
3,125
6.6
86,652
47,344
54.6
44,152
51.0
571
43,580
3,192
6.7
86,727
47,568
54.8
44,324
51 . 1
540
43,784
3,244
6.8
86,810
47,675
54.9
44,636
51.4
626
44,010
3,030
6.4
14,598
7,474
51.2
6,093
41.7
238
5,855
1,381
18.5
14,456
7,446
51.5
6,092
42.1
297
5,795
1,354
18.2
14,463
7,507
51.9
6,006
41.5
214
5,792
1,501
20.0
14,598
7,839
53.7
6,376
43.7
266
6,110
1,463
18.7
14,483
7,502
51.8
6,128
42.3
313
5,815
1,374
18.3
14,445
7,986
55.3
6,427
44.5
298
6,129
1,559
19.5
14,448
7,728
53.5
6,393
44.2
289
6,104
1,335
17.3
14,456
7,812
54.0
6,418
44.4
288
6,130
1 ,394
17.8
14,463
7,920
54.8
6,330
43.8
246
6,084
1,590
20. 1
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian nonlnstltutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2 . . .
Agriculture
Nonagrlcultural Industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2 . . .
Agriculture
Nonagrlcultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2 . . .
Agriculture
Nonagrlcultural Industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status, raca, sax, age, and
Hispanic origin
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Oct.
1984
Sept.
1985
Oct.
1985
Oct.
1984
June
1985
July
1985
Aug.
1985
Sept.
198-3
Oct.
1985
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutlonal population . .
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
152,605
98,814
64.8
92,925
60.9
5,889
6.0
153,938
100,233
65.1
94,393
61.3
5,840
5.8
154,08?
100,715
65.4
94,885
61.6
5,830
5.8
152,605
98,631
64.6
92,407
60.6
6,224
6.3
153,597
99,441
64.7
92,990
60.5
6,451
6.5
153,717
99,735
64.9
93,374
60.7
6,362
6.4
153,819
99,735
64.8
93,599
60.8
6,136
6.2
153,930
100,165
65.1
94,071
61.1
6,094
6. 1
154,082
100,598
65.3
94,452
61.3
6,146
6.1
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
52,552
78.7
50,012
74.9
2,540
4.8
53,102
78.6
50,630
75.0
2,471
4.7
53,177
78.7
50,721
75.0
2,456
4.6
52,508
78.6
49,667
74.4
2,841
5.4
52,798
78.4
49,732
73.8
3,066
5.8
52,754
78.2
49,810
73.9
2,944
5.6
52,846
78.3
50,036
74.2
2,811
5.3
52,968
78.4
50,228
74.4
2,739
5.2
53,147
78.6
50,419
74.6
2,729
5.1
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
39,738
53.9
37,408
50.7
2,330
5.9
40,660
54.5
38,258
51.3
2,402
5.9
41,024
55.0
38,760
51.9
2,264
5.5
39,271
53.2
36,979
50.1
2,292
5.8
40,102
53.9
37,759
50.8
2,343
5.8
40,130
53.9
37,831
50.8
2,299
5.7
40,253
54.0
37,941
50.9
2,312
5.7
40,397
54.2
38,068
51.1
2,330
5.8
40,573
54.4
38,338
51.4
2,235
5.5
Both aaxas, 16 to 10 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
6,525
54.2
5,506
45.7
1,019
15.6
16.3
14.9
6,472
54.6
5,505
46.4
967
14.9
15.0
14.9
6,513
54.9
5,404
45.5
1,109
17.0
18.8
15.2
6,852
56.9
5,761
47.8
1,091
15.9
16.6
15.2
6,541
55.0
5,499
46.3
1,042
15.9
16.7
15.1
6,852
57.7
5,733
48.3
1,119
16.3
17.5
15.0
6,635
55.9
5,622
47.4
1,013
15.3
17.6
12.7
6,800
57.3
5,775
48.7
1,025
15.1
15.9
14.2
6,877
58.0
5,695
48.0
1,182
17.Z
18.8
15.5
19,449
12,202
62.7
10,353
53.2
1,849
15.2
19,728
12,414
62.9
10,533
53.4
1,880
15.1
19,761
12,402
62.8
10,576
53.5
1,826
14.7
19,449
12,208
62.8
10,340
53.2
1,868
15.3
19,646
12,269
62.5
10,551
53.7
1,718
14.0
19,675
12,347
62.8
10,493
53.3
1,854
15.0
19,700
12,267
62.3
10,548
53.5
1,718
14.0
19,728
12,359
62.6
10,468
53.1
1,892
15.3
19,761
12,419
62.6
10,556
53.4
1,663
15.0
Man, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rata
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
5,746
75.0
5,022
65.6
724
12.6
5,810
74.9
5,091
65.6
719
12.4
5,791
74.5
5,038
64.8
754
13.0
5,739
75.0
4,970
64.9
769
13.4
5,725
74.1
5,027
65.1
699
12.2
5,745
74.2
5,019
64.9
726
12.6
5,753
74.2
5,073
65.5
680
11.8
5,799
74.7
5,021
64.7
776
13.4
5,763
74.3
4,973
63.9
610
14.0
Woman, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rata
Employed
,,
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
5,655
58.6
4,867
50.4
787
13.9
5,788
59.0
4,970
50.6
818
14.1
5,762
58.6
5,039
51.3
723
12.6
5,601
58.0
4,851
50.3
750
13.4
5,714
58.5
5,010
51.3
704
12.3
5,687
50.1
4,937
50.5
750
13.2
5,678
58.0
4,927
50.3
751
13.2
5,707
58.2
4,921
50.1
767
13.8
5,716
56.2
5,029
51.2
689
12.1
802
S7.5
464
21.7
537
42.1
44,9
39,1
816
37.9
472
21.9
344
42.1
43.7
40.2
848
39.4
499
23.2
349
41.1
41.8
40.4
868
40.5
519
24.2
349
40.2
43.8
36.2
830
38.4
514
23.8
316
38.1
40.7
35.2
915
42.4
537
24.9
378
41.3
43.3
39.0
836
38.8
548
25.4
288
34.4
34.1
34.9
853
39.6
526
24.4
827
30.3
41.0
35.0
910
42.7
554
25.8
364
89.7
41,1
37.9
11,270
7,358
65.3
6,599
58.6
759
10.3
11,601
7,612
65.6
6,865
59.2
747
9.8
11,630
7,615
65.5
6,799
58.5
815
10.7
11,270
7,384
65.5
6,574
58.3
810
11.0
11,514
7,416
64.4
6,629
57.6
787
10.6
11,544
7,470
64.7
6,634
57.5
836
11.2
11,573
7,547
65.2
6,771
58.5
776
10.3
11,601
7,607
65,6
6,617
58.8
790
10.4
11,630
7,616
65.5
6,758
56.1
856
11.3
BLACK
Civilian noninstitutlonal population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed . . . '
Unemployment rata
Both aaxaa, 18 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rata
Employed
,
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
Man
Woman
HISPANIC ONiaiN
Civilian nonlnatltutlonal population
Civilian labor foroa
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1
Unemployed , . , . , , ,
Unemployment rate
1
The population flauree are not adjuatad for aaaaonal vacation; therefore, Identloal
numbers appaar In the unadjusted and seasonally adjuatad eolumna.
' Civilian employment aa a percent of tha civilian nonlnatltutlonal population.
NOTE: Datall for tha above raoa and Hlapanlo-orlgln groupa will not aum to totala
beoauee data for tha "othar raoaa" group ara not praaantad and HIapanloa ara Inoludad
In both tha white and blaok population groupa.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Selected employment indicators
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Category
Oct.
1984
Sept.
1983
Seasonally adjusted
Oct.
1985
Oct.
1984
June
1985
July
1985
Sept.
1985
Aug .
1985
Oct.
1985
CHARACTERISTIC
Civilian employed, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present..
Women who maintain families
106,262
39,452
26,409
5,381
107,867
39,521
26,882
5,499
108,428
39,663
27,300
5,450
105,649
39,054
25,897
5,378
106,370
38,897
26,130
5,696
106,862
Wage and salary workers
1,545
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonegricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
1,529
193
1,530
1,465
179
1,450
1,482
178
1,511
1,487
187
1,538
1,446
154
1,461
78,676
1,227
77,449
7,853
324
96,563
16,115
80,447
1,270
79,177
7,864
265
96,958
16,435
80,523
1,305
79,218
8,108
253
94,415
15,997
78,418
1,213
77,205
7,782
314
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
5,415
2', 482
2,618
13,970
5,268
2,275
2,622
13,752
5,165
2,184
2,678
14,628
5,710
2,514
2,879
13,126
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
5,211
2,331
2,575
13,510
5,006
2.142
2,502
13,228
4,963
2,063
2,605
14,185
5,483
2,364
2,821
12,679
107,172
39,109
26,363
5,627
107,544
39,052
26,537
5,516
107,867
39,309
26,738
5,472
1,487
168
1,427
1,448
174
1,408
1,391
178
1,433
1,443
178
95,229
15,988
79,242
1,204
78,038
7,694
292
95,456
15,843
79,613
1,258
78,355
7,692
264
95,716
16,080
79,636
1,320
78,316
7,904
303
96,589
16,196
30,393
1,282
79,112
7,840
265
96,564
16,288
80,275
1,295
78,981
8,036
243
5,533
2,543
5,624
2,404
2,752
13,791
5,713
2,509
2,865
13,697
5,551
2,459
2,766
13,456
5,431
2,204
2,943
13,787
5,350
2,242
2,668
13,343
5,443
2,353
2,766
13,266
5,297
2,323
2,648
13,020
5,213
2,075
2,847
13,357
39,060
26,295
5,624
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
|
Government.
94,818
16,142
Private industries
Private households.
Other Industries . . .
Self-employed workers .
Unpaid family workers ..
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME'
2,706
13,398
5,257
2,341
2,646
12,970
' Excludes persons "with a Job but not at work" during the survey period for such
reasons as vacation. Illness, or industrial dispute.
Table A-5. Range of unemployment meaaurea baaed on varying deflnitlona of unemployment and the labor force,
seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Quarterly averages
Monthly data
Measure
Aug .
U-1
Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the
civilian labor force
2.3
3.8
2.1
2.0
3.7
3.7
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.5
U-2
Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force
U-3
Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the
civilian labor force
Unemployed full-time Jobseekers as a percent of the full-time
civilian labor force
7.1
U-5a
Total unemployed as a percent of the labor force. Including the
resident Armed Forces
7.3
7.1
7.2
7.2
7.1
6.9
7.0
7.0
U-Sb
Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force
7.4
7.2
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.0
7. 1
7.1
U-6
Total full-time Jobseekers plus V4 part-time jobseekers plus V» total on part time
for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less Vi of the
part-time labor force
U-7
Total full-time Jobseekers plus Vi part-time jobseekers plus Vi total on part
time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of the
civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less V> of the
part-time labor force
U-4
N.A = not available.
5.5
5.6
10.0
10.9
5.4
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Selected unemployment Indicators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
On thousands)
Unemployment rates1
Category
Oct.
1984
Sept.
1985
8.367
4,540
3,731
3,827
3,173
1,463
8,274
4,421
3,637
3,854
3,244
1,394
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
1,855
1,568
623
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Labor force time lost*
Oct.
1985
Oct.
1984
June
1985
July
1985
Aug.
1985
Sept.
1985
8,291
4,570
3,663
3,721
3,038
1,590
7,
7,
6.
7,
6.
18.
7,
7.
6.
7.
6.
18.
7.
7.
6.
7.
6.
19.
7.
6.
6.
7.
6.
17.
7. 1
6.9
6.0
7.5
6.8
17.8
1,766
1,614
725
1,693
1,498
643
4.
5.
10.
4.
5.
9.
4,
5.
10.
4.
5.
11.
4.
5.
11.
6,932
1,449
6,789
1,499
6,692
1,612
6.
9.
8.
6.
9.
6,119
110
793
1,615
915
700
322
1,703
1,576
744
239
6,361
92
834
1,711
1,016
695
339
1,739
1,645
646
228
6,156
71
835
1,646
949
697
319
1,724
1,560
666
218
7.
8.
13.
7,
7,
7,
4.
7.
5.
4.
14.
7.
9.
13.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
3.
14.
Oct .
1985
CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16years and over
Men, 16years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
7.1
9.1
8.4
6.8
9.9
8.2
7.0
9.5
8.3
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public untitles
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1
Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
* Aggregate hours-lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic
7.
10.
13.
7.
6.
7.
5.
7.
5.
4.
13.
7.
11.
13.
7.
8.
7.
5.
7.
5.
3.
12.
7.
9.
13.
8.
8.
8.
5.
7.
5.
4.
14.
13.8
7.5
reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.
Table A-7. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Weeks of unemployment
Oct.
1984
Sept.
1985
Oct.
1985
Oct.
1984
June
1985
July
1985
Aug.
1985
Sept.
1985
Oct.
1985
3,421
2,286
2,282
963
1,319
3,681
2,298
2,004
834
1,171
3,427
2,426
2,065
955
1,110
3,395
2,406
2,527
1,092
1,435
3,458
2,547
2,317
1,011
1,306
3,578
2,508
2,348
1,094
1,254
3,372
2,497
2,264
1,050
1,214
3,502
2,503
2,328
1,034
1,294
3,420
2,551
2,284
1,075
1,209
16.3
6.5
14.8
6.0
14.9
6.4
15.4
6.6
15.4
7.2
15.6
7.5
15.5
6.9
15.3
7.1
100.0
42.8
28.6
28.6
12.1
16.5
100.0
46.1
28.8
25.1
10.4
14.7
100.0
41.5
30.6
27.8
12.2
15.7
100.0
42.4
29.7
27.8
13.0
14.9
DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 28 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, In weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
100
43
30
26
12
14
100.
40.
28.
30.
13.
17.
100.
41.
30,
27.8
12.9
100.
42.
30.
27.
12.
15.
100.
41.
30.
27.
13.
14.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Reason for unemployment
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Reason
Oct.
1984
Sept.
198&
3,876
927
2,949
894
2,230
989
100.
48.
11.
36.
11.
27.
12.
Seasonally adjusted
Oct.
1985
Oct.
1984
June
1985
July
1985
Aug .
1985
Sept.
1985
Oct.
1985
3,695
955
2,740
936
2,450
903
3,651
923
2,728
999
2.301
967
4,261
1,151
3,110
829
2,150
1,060
4,128
1,124
3,004
1,001
2,219
1,017
4,333
1,130
3,203
902
2,143
1,097
4,160
1,099
3,061
865
2,162
920
4,142
1,175
2,968
839
2,369
909
4,021
1,165
2,856
921
2,232
1,047
100.
46.
12.
34,
11.
30.
11.
100.
46.
11.
34.
12.
29.
12.
100.
51.
13.
37.
10.
25.
100.
49.
13.
35.
12.
26.
12.
100.0
51.1
13.3
37.8
10.6
25.3
12.9
100.0
51.3
13.6
37.8
10.7
26.7
11.3
100.
50.
14.
35.
10.
28.
11.
100.0
48.9
14.2
34.7
11.2
27. 1
12.7
3.8
.8
1.9
1.0
3.6
.8
1.9
.8
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
3.4
.8
2.0
.9
3.1
.9
2.0
.8
3.2
.8
2.1
.8
3.7
.7
1.9
.9
3.6
.9
1.9
.9
3.5
.8
1.9
.9
3.6
.7
2.0
.8
Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousands)
Sex and age
Unemployment rates1
Oct.
1984
Sept.
1985
Oct.
1985
Oct.
1984
June
1985
8,367
3,225"
1,463
613
858
1,762
5,109
4,422
701
8,274
3,114
1,394
619
781
1,720
5,188
4,566
618
8,291
3,301
1,590
740
856
1,711
4,981
4,398
590
7.3
13.5
18.7
20.2
17.8
11.0
5.7
5.9
4.7
7,
13,
18,
21.
16.
11.
5,
6.
4.
Men, 16 years and o v e r —
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18to19years
20 to 24 years.
25 years and over
25to54years
55 years and over . . .
4,540
1,742
809
338
476
933
2,794
2,381
411
4,421
1,675
784
333
458
891
2,772
2,416
358
4,570
1,814
907
407
506
907
2,751
2,386
368
7.1
13.8
19
21
18
10
5
5
4
7.
14,
19.
24,
16,
11.
5,
5,
4.
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16to19years
16to17years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25to54years
55 years and over . . .
3,827
1,483
654
275
382
829
2,315
2,041
290
3,854
1,439
610
286
323
829
2,416
2,150
260
3,721
1,488
683
333
350
805
2,230
2,012
222
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16to17years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
1
Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
7,
12.
17.
18.
16.
10.
6.
6.
3.
Aug.
1985
Sept.
1985
Oct.
1985
7,
12.
17.
18,
16.
10.
5.
5.
4,
7.
13.
17.8
19.8
16.
11,
5,
5.
4.
7,
14.
20.
23.
17.
10.
5.
5.
3.
19.2
11.7
5.4
5.6
4.6
6.
13.
19.
22.
17,
10.
5.
5.
3.
6.
13.
19.
20.
18.
10.
5.
5.
4.
7.
14.
21.
24.
20.
11.
5.
5.
4.
7.5
13.1
18.0
21.2
15.8
10.6
5.9
6.2
4.4
7.
12,
14.
14.8
15.2
10.
5.
6.
4.
'7.
12.
16.
19.
14.
11.
6.
6.
4.
7.2
1-3.2
18.1
22.1
15.4
10.8
5.6
5.9
3.6
July
1985
7.2
14.8
20.9
22.8
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Employment atatua of black and other workera
(NumbersIn thousand*)
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Oct.
1984
Sept.
1985
Ort.
1985
Oct.
1984
June
1985
July
1985
Aug .
1985
Kept.
1 ''85
Oct.
1985
2*4,351
15,436
63.4
13,336
54.8
2,100
13.6
8,915
24,633
15,617
63.4
13,473
54.7
2,144
13.7
9,016
24,688
15,630
63.3
13,543
54.9
2,087
13.4
9,057
24,351
15,404
63.3
13,285
54.6
2,119
13.8
8,947
24,498
15,448
63.1
13,471
55.0
1,978
12.8
9,050
24,546
15,513
63.2
13,421
54.7
2,093
13.5
9,033
24,586
15,404
62.7
13,442
54.7
1,962
12.7
9, 182
24,633
15,545
63. 1
13,384
54.3
2,161
13.9
9,088
24,688
15,592
63.2
13,467
54.5
2, 125
13.6
9,096
' The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
' Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.
Table A-11. Occupational atatua of the employed and unemployed, not seasonally adjuated
(Numbers In thousands)
Civilian employed
Occupation
Unemployment rate
Unemployed
Oct.
Oct.
1984
Oct.
1985
106,262
108,428
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
25,219
11,657
13,562
26,432
12,343
14,089
655
317
338
623
313
310
2.3
2.5
2.2
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical
32,723
3,214
12,747
16,763
33,438
3,209
12,738
17,491
1,666
94
732
840
1,740
77
734
929
4.9
2.4
5.5
5.0
Service occupations..,
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
14,214
991
1,744
11,479
14,522
1,042
1,731
11,749
1,419
65
100
1,255
1,401
87
88
1,227
8.8
7.7
4.
9.
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
13,305
4,423
4,784
4,098
13,732
4.578
4,934
4,220
341
188
451
202
874
197
422
255
5,
4,
8.
4.
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
17,252
8,121
4,680
4,452
696
3,756
16,904
7,816
4,631
4,457
739
3,718
2,040
972
431
636
142
495
2,000
900
389
711
170
541
10,
10.
8.
12.
16.
11.
3,548
3,399
305
272
Total, 16 years and over1
Farming, forestry, and fishing
'Persons with no previous work experience and those whose last job was in the Armed
Forces are included in the unemployed total.
1984
Oct.
1985
Oct.
1934
Oct.
1985
6.
4.
7.
5.
10.
10.
7,
13.8
18.7
12.7
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers In thousands)
Civilian labor force
Veteran status
and age
Civilian
nonlnatltutional
population
Unemployed
Employed
Percent of
labor force
Number
Oct.
1984
Oct.
1984
Oct.
1985
Oct.
1984
Oct.
1985
Oct.
1984
Oct.
1985
Oct.
1985
7,508
6,483
1,603
3,362
1,518
1,025
7,707
6,517
1,289
3,354
1,874
1,190
7,076
6,264
1 ,558
3,248
1,458
812
7,214
6,287
1,237
3,252
1,798
927
6,714
5,936
1 ,449
3,081
1,406
778
6,895
6,004
1,147
3,113
1,744
891
362
328
109
167
52
34
319
283
90
139
54
36
16,537
7,571
4,827
4,139
17,516
8,104
5,068
4,344
16,668
7,752
4,815
4,101
15,003
6,892
4,384
3,727
15,901
7,366
4,606
3,929
736
344
216
176
767
386
209
172
Oct.
1984
Oct.
1985
4.7
4.8
4.7
4.5
4.6
5.0
4.3
4.2
VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over
NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
15,739
7,236
4,600
3,903
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces between
August 5.1904 and May 7,1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Armed Forces: published data are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most
closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.
Data for 25- to 29-year-old veterans are no longer shown in this table because the group
is rapidly disappearing (into the 30-34 age category) and the numbers remaining for some
labor force categories are not large enough to warrant their continued publication.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A 13. Employment status of the civilian population for eleven large States
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted'
State and employment atatue
Seasonally adjusted*
Oct .
1984
Sepc.
1985
Oct .
1985
Oct .
1984
June
1985
July
198S
Aug .
1985
Sept,
1985
Oct .
1985
19,086
12,659
11,778
882
7.0
19,348
12,691
1 1 ,799
892
7.0
19,377
12,891
11,968
923
7.2
19,086
12,623
11,680
943
7.5
19,274
12,716
11,720
996
7.8
19,300
12,710
11 , 7 9 9
911
7.2
19,323
12,655
1 1,733
922
7.3
19,348
12,721
11,757
964
7.6
19,377
12,874
11,888
986
7.7
8,644
5,151
4,790
361
7.0
8,813
5,301
4,959
342
6.5
8,831
5,263
4,983
280
5.3
8,644
5,104
4,783
321
6.3
8,766
5,218
4,859
359
6.9
8,782
5,204
4,841
363
7.0
8,797
5,269
4,960
309
5.9
8,813
5,230
4,895
335
6.4
8,831
5,248
5,005
243
4.6
8,625
5,625
5,132
493
8,655
5,648
5,147
501
8.9
8,660
5,727
5,202
525
9.2
8,625
5,645
5,122
523
9.3
8,646
5,675
5,169
506
8.9
8,649
5,648
5,153
495
8,651
5,661
5,153
508
9.0
8,655
5,665
5,133
532
9.4
8,660
5,750
5,194
556
9.7
4,532
3,063
2,958
104
3.4
4,573
3,066
2,946
121
3.9
4,578
3,050
2,948
101
3.3
4,532
3,049
2,931
118
3.9
4,561
3,111
2,997
114
3.7
4,565
3,081
2,944
137
4.4
4,569
3,060
2,945
115
3.8
4,573
3,066
2,950
116
3.8
4,578
3,040
2,925
115
3.8
Civilian nonlnetltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
6,780
4,372
3,930
442
10.1
6,828
4,345
3,920
425
9.8
6,835
4,352
3,936
416
9.6
6,780
4,395
3,916
479
10.9
6,814
4,299
3,856
443
10.3
6,819
4,268
3,804
464
10.9
6,823
4,342
3,897
445
10.2
6,828
4,351
3,877
474
10.9
6,835
4,379
3,929
4 50
10.3
Civilian noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
5,858
3,802
3,608
194
5.1
5,909
3,837
3,654
183
4.8
5,915
3,837
3,627
210
5.5
5,858
3,816
3,591
225
5.9
5,894
3,847
3,639
208
5.4
5,900
3,893
3,662
231
5.9
5,904
3,847
3,678
169
4.4
5,909
3,879
3,684
195
5.0
5,915
3,862
3,616
246
6.4
13,658
8,149
7,571
578
7.1
13,729
8,420
7,884
535
6.4
13,740
8,564
7,998
566
6.6
13,658
8,188
7,591
597
7.3
13,709
8,216
7,690
526
6.4
13,716
8,241
7,756
485
5.9
13,722
8,353
7,844
509
6.1
13,729
8,492
7,920
572
6.7
13,740
8,595
8,014
581
6.8
4,599
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
4,678
3,154
3,020
134
4,2
4,686
3,185
3,037
148
4.6
4,599
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
4,656
3,071
2,929
142
4.6
4,663
3,069
2,903
166
5.4
4,670
3,110
2,925
185
5.9
4,678
3,173
3,025
148
4.7
4,686
3,199
3,059
140
4.4
8,063
3,193
4,719
474
9.1
8,087
5,195
4,728
466
9.0
8,091
5,226
4,756
470
9.0
8,065
5,137
4,655
482
9.4
8,080
5,044
4,612
432
8.6
8,083
5,099
4,595
504
9.9
8,084
5,109
4,644
465
9.1
8,087
5,170
4,685
485
9.4
8,091
5,169
4,694
475
9.2
221
559
103
456
8.2
9,247
5,597
5,202
395
7.1
9,251
5,637
5,237
400
7.1
9,221
5,497
5,011
486
8.8
9,239
5,624
5,128
496
8.8
9,242
5,569
5,137
432
7.8
9,244
5,533
5,117
416
7.5
9,247
5,581
5,161
420
7.5
9,251
5,568
5,138
430
7.7
11,484
7,925
7,509
416
5.3
11,607
7,997
7,419
577
7.2
11,621
7,998
7,393
605
7.6
11,484
7,927
7,476
451
5.7
11,572
7,931
7,358
573
7.2
11,584
8,033
7,444
589
7.3
11,595
8,001
7,431
570
7.1
11,607
7 ,976
7,408
568
7.1
11,621
7,997
7,352
645
8.1
California
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida
Civilian noninstitutlonal population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Illinois
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Massachusetts
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Mtahlgan
NewYert
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor foroe
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
North CsfoHno
Civilian noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Ohio
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population,
Civilian labor foroe
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Pennsylvania
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor foroe
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Texaa
Civilian noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor foroe
Employed
,• •
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
1
These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used In the admlnlstrstlon of Federal fund allocation programs.
* The population figures ars not ad|usted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical
numbers appear In the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted columns.
'Official estimates for North Carolina prior to 1985 are not derived from the
household survey. Consequently, seasonally adjusted data are not published
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table EM. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
{In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors
Oct.
1984
Aug
1985
SePt.„
1985
Oct
9b.278
97,915
98,675
80,045
82,481
25,304
25,491
June
1985
July
1935
99,279 95,573
97,473
97,707
97,977
98,115
82,602
82,721 79,460
81,260
81,366
81,634
81,735
25,505
25,446 24,918
25,010
24,980
25,015
24,955
Oct.
1984
| Aug
198
Sept.p
1985
962
610.8
979
623
974
619
969
519
965
615
960
614
5,017
5,025
4,648
5,021
I 228.1 1,331.2 1,320.1 1,329.5
4,403
1,171
4,638
1,223
4,660
1,228
4,688
1,242
4,723
1,252
983
623.2
980
621 3|
971
614.3
Manufacturing
Production workers
19,673
13,506
19,486
13,244
19,513
13,296
19,467 19,536
13,267 13,380
19,398
13,169
19,351
13,137
19,362
13,145
19,272
13,077
Durable goods
Production workers
11,706
7,880
11,524
7,629
11,550
7,667
11,534 11,652
7,661 7,835
11,560
7,671
11,509
7,630
11,519
7,638
11,444
7,578
720.7
494.7
609.6
844.1
313.6
,493 .2
,232 .2
,253 .3
,939 .7
873 .5
720 .4
397.8
728.5
496.5
616.8
799.1
291.9
1,469.6
2,151.9
2,195.9
1,961.5
844.1
726.8
377
726
498
614
797
289
1,476
2,147
2,187.8
1,996.0
868.3
724.2
381.2
724
502
612
794.1
286
1,477
2,140
2,185
1,994.0
719.0
383.9
708
491
597
851
320
1,483
2,233
2,247
1,935
869
720
387
694
494
598
815
304
1,472
2,191
2,205
1,990
875
725
376
697
494
599
806
302
1,467
2,175
2,190
1,985
868
724
372
700
499
601
798
289
1,467
2,167
2,194
1,995
868
725
373
702
495
598
794
291
1,462
2,141
2,175
1,982
858
722
373
7,967
5,626
7,962
5,615
7,963
5,629
7,933
5,606
7,884
5,545
7,838
5,498
7,842
5,507
7,843
5,507
7,828
5,499
1,670.4
71.0
735.0
1,194
683.8
1,391.8
1,049.8
189.1
795.5
186.8
1,728.4
65.6
700
1,157
687
1,425
1,044.8
179.7
795.6
177.8
1,729.1
69.8
702.2
1,167
684
1,421
1,040
172
799
177
1,693.3
70.5
701.0
1,427.1
1,038.8
171.4
802.0
176.4
1,617
66
7 30
1,181
683
1,392
1,051
188
792
184
1,644
66
699
1,142
684
1,419
1,042
180
789
173
1,630 | 1,638
65
64
696
697
1,160
1,152
684
683
1,426
1,429
1,038
1,040
176
178
792
787
174
176
1,634
65
695
1,155
681
1,425
1,039
170
790
174
73,833
70,655
72,463
72,727
72,962
73,160
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products . .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper ana allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
867.9
1,167.3
684.8
70,974
72,424
73,170
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communication and public utilities
5,272
3,033
2,239
5,303
3,041
2,262
5,378
3,134
2,244
5,367
3,126
2,241
5,223
2,983
2,240
5,295
3,052
2,243
5,302
3,060
2.242
5,282
3,038
2,244
,319
,079
,240
Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
5,660
3,326
2,334
5,814
3,448
2,366
5,822
3,443
2,379
5,856
3,459
2,397
5,636
3,321
2,315
5,768
3,414
2,354
5,773
3,426
2,347
5,791
3,434
2,357
,802
440
362
16,922
2,319.1
2,716.8
1,844.8
5,517.4
17,637
2,307.3
2,843.5
1,922.8
5,920.1
17,677
2,326.6
2,857.4
1,919.3
5,922.6
17,688
2,380.7
2,879.8
1,923.6
5,780.8
16,859
2,311
2,706
1,839
5,493
17,425
2.361
2,831
1,895
5,692
17,453
2,344
2,842
1,895
5,728
17,514
2,354
2,849
1,902
5,725
17,537
2,362
2,849
1,906
5,739
5,722
2,873
1,767
1,082
6,031
3,019
1,832
1,180
5,994
3,005
1,828
1,161
5,989
3,010
1,832
1,147
5,737
2,883
1,770
1,084
5,906
2,968
1,814
1,124
5,932
2,984
1,817
1,131
5,959
2,998
1,827
1,134
5,985
3,011
1,830
1,144
21,165 2 2 , 2 0 5 2 2 , 2 2 6
22,375 21,087
4,251.3 4 , 5 3 8 . 0 4 , 5 5 2 . 2 4 , 5 8 7 . 9
4,205
6,124.8 6 , 3 1 0 . 3 6 , 3 1 1 . 6 6 , 3 3 8 . 2
6,125
21,856
4,441
6,243
21,926
4,446
6,260
22,073
4,489
6,291
22,137
4,503
6,305
16,213
2,872
3,765
9,576
16,341
2,878
3,788
9,675
16,343
2,886
3,789
9,668
10,380
2,894
3,799
9,687
Service-producing
Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate
Services
Business services
Health services
Government
Federal
State
Local
p = preliminary.
16,233
2,804
3,809
9,620
15,434
2,918
3,592
8,924
16,073
2,868
3,731
9,474
16,558 16,113
2,882 2,823
3,896 3,727
9,780 9,563
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Tabla B-2. Avsraga woakly hours of production or nonsuparvlsory worksrs1 on privsts nonagricultural payrolls by Industry
Not sMSonaNy adjusted
Industry
Oct.
1984
Aug.
1985
Sept.
198S p
Oct.
1985 PI
Oct.
1984
June
1985
July
1985
Aug.
1935
Sept
1985 P
Oct.
1985 P
35.1
35.0
35.1
35.4
35.2
35.0
35.2
Mining
43.2
43.3
43.8
43.1
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Construction
38.0
38.3
38.5
38.1
37.7
37.2
37.6
37.5
37.9
37.3
Manufacturing
Ovsrtlm* hours
40.5
3.4
40.4
3.4
40.8
3.6
40.7
3.5
40.5
3.3
40.4
3.2
40.3
3.2
40.6
3.3
40.7
3.3
40.7
3.4
Durable goods
Ovsrtlm* hours
41.3
3.6
41.0
3.4
41.4
3.7
41.3
3.6
41.3
3.5
41.2
3.3
41.0
3.3
41.3
3.4
41.3
3.5
41.4
3.5
39.8
40.
42,
40.9
39,
41.
41.
40.
42.
43.
41.
39.
40.
39.
42.
41.
41.
41.
41.
40.
42.
42.
40.
39.
40,
39,
42,
41.
41,
41,
41,
40.
42,
43,
41.
40,
40,
40,
42,
41,
41.
41,
41.
40.
42.
43.
40.
40.
39.7
39.6
41.9
41.3
40.1
41.3
41,
40.1
38.9
41,
41,
41,
41,
41,
39.7
38.8
42.0
41,
41,
41,
41,
40,
42.
43.
41.
39.
40.
42.
42.
41.
39.
40.
42,
43,
40.
39.
40.
39.
42.
41.
41.8
41.4
41.
40.
42.
43.8
40.
39.
40,
39.
42.
41.
41,
41.
41.
40.
43.
43.
40.
39.8
40.
39.
42.1
42,
42.
41,
41,
40.
42.
44.1
39.4
3.1
39.7
3.3
40.0
3.5
39.8
3.3
39.4
3.0
39.4
3.0
39.4
3.0
39.6
3.1
39.8
3.1
39.8
3.2
39.8
39.7
39.0
36.2
43.1
37.8
41.
43.
41.
36.
40.
37.
40.
36.
42,
38.
41.
43.
40.
37.
40.8
38.0
40,
36,
43.
38.
41.
44.1
41,
37,
40.2
38.9
40.7
36.6
43.2
37.8
41.4
43,
41.
37,
39.7
38.7
38.8
36.0
43.0
37.8
41,
43,
<2>
36.6
39.
36.
39.
36.
42.
37.
42,
42.
40,
34,
39.1
36.3
42.7
37.5
41.8
42.9
(2)
37.0
(2)
37.0
39
36
40
36
43
37
41
43
(2)
37.3
40
36
40
36
43
37
41
43
(2)
37.9
40.1
38.0
40.5
36.4
43.2
37.8
41.6
43.6
(2)
38.0
39.2
39.9
39.7
39.4
39.2
39.5
39.2
39.6
39.5
39.4
Total private
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
,
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Ovsrtlms hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
,
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather producta
Transportation and public utilities
35.1
35.0
35.1
Wholesale trade
38.7
38.8
38.8
38.6
38.6
38.8
38.6
38.6
38.7
38.5
Retail trade
29.7
30.3
29.6
29.5
29.8
29.9
29.7
29.6
29.5
29.6
Finance, Insurance, and real eetsts
36.5
36.3
36.5
36.1
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
32.7
33.1
32.8
32.7
32.8
32.8
32.7
32.8
32.8
32.8
' Data relate to production workers In mining and manufacturing; to construction
workers in construction; and to nonsuparvlsory workers In transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, Insurance, and real aetata; and services.
These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private
nonagricultural payrolls.
» This series is not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is
small relative to the trend-cyole and/or irregular components and consequently cannot
be separated with sufficient precision.
p - preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Tabla B-3. Avaraga hourly and waakly aarninga of production or nonsuparviaory workara1 on privata nonagrleultural
payrolls by Industry
Average weekly earnings
Average hourly earnings
Industry
Oct.
1934
Aug.
1985
Sept
1935 P
Oct .
1985
$8.40
8.38
$8.54
8.60
$8.67
8.64
$8.65
8.64
11.58
11.95
12.00
11.98
12.23
12.22
12.39
9.24
9.48
9.54
Blast furnaces and basic steel products..
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
9.78
8.11
6.93
9.64
11.36
12.86
9.40
10.02
9.15
12.32
12.86
8.93
7.05
10.05
8.26
7.22
9.87
11.63
13.37
9.61
10,27
9.50
12.65
13.34
9.22
7.26
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and mlsoellaneoua plastics products
Leather and leather products
,
8.44
8.31
10.60
6.49
5.61
10.52
9.50
11.29
13.51
8.32
3.72
Total private)
Seasonally tdiuafd
Sept.
1985
Oct .
1985
$294.84 $302.32 $305. 13 $302. 75
294.98
301.86
303.26
302.40
517.44
525.60
516.34
464.74
468.03
477.02
471.68
9.54
374.22
382.99
389.23
388.28
1 0 . 14
8.31
10.14
8.30
11.68
13.44
9.71
10.37
9.56
12.76
13.47
9.28
7.29
11.61
13.33
9.67
10.38
9.56
12.83
13.56
9.27
7.34
403.91
322.78
278.59
406.81
464.62
506.68
388.22
417.83
374.24
523.60
556.84
367.92
279.89
412.05
333.70
283.19
418.49
480.32
550.84
395.93
422.10
383.80
531.30
566.95
373.41
284.59
419.80
337.39
290.47
420.33
487.06
555.07
402.97
431.39
388.14
544.85
583.25
381.41
291.60
418.78
335.32
292.00
417.64
484. 14
553.20
400.34
428.69
389. 09*
549.12
595.28
376.36
296.54
6.67
8.47
12.44
6,72
5.68
10.86
9.73
11.62
13.99
8.51
5.80
8.70
8.50
11.58
6.75
5.75
10.89
9,79
11.66
14.10
8.55
5.82
8.69
8.48
11.18
6.75
5.74
10.89
9.77
11.72
13.87
8.55
5.80
332.54
330.74
420.82
233.11
203.08
453.41
359.10
469.66
590.39
345.28
207.64
344.20
341.34
461.52
270.14
207.32
465.89
369.74
483.39
605.77
346.36
216.92
348.00
346.80
440.04
274.73
210.45
472.63
373.00
488.55
621.81
351.41
220.00
345.86
340.90
434.90
274.73
210.08
470.45
369.31
485.21
606.12
353.97
218.66
11.18
11.40
11.50
11.45
438.26
454.86
456.55
451.13
9.00
9.25
9.33
9.25
348.30
338.90
362.00
357.05
5.88
5.91
6.00
5.97
174.64
179.07
177.60
176.12
7.67
7.90
8.02
7.98
279.96
286.77
292.73
288.08
7.71
7.87
8.04
8.05
252.12
260.50
263.71
263.24
Manufacturing
Durable geode
Lumber and wood product*
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal Industries
Retail trade
1
Aug .
1985
500.26
Construction
TfOJioportatton end putrtie MSMtloe
Oct.
1984
See footnote 1, table B-2.
p * preliminary.
TaMa B-4. Hourly Earnings Indax for production or nonauparvtsory workara* on privata nonagricuKural payrolls by Industry
(1977 .100)
ffOfV
Oct.
1984
Aug,
1985
Sept.
1985p
Oct.
1985p
Oct.
1984Oct.
19«5
Oct.
1984
June
1985
July
1985
Aug.
1985
Sept.
1985p
Oct.
1985p
166.7
N.A.
(4)
149.9
169.4
167.1
Sept.
1985Oct.
1985
Total private nonforurc
Current doners
Constant (ItTT) doMare
Conolfiiotlon
Manufacturing
Transportation and pubNo wSttfAee
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
reel estate
1
2
3
4
161.7
94.0
174.8
149.5
163.9
163.3
166.7
153.7
165.1
93.8
178.8
149.8
168.6
165.9
170.8
155.3
166.9
94.5
179
151
169
168
172
157,
166.8
N.A.
179.4
151.7
169.2
167.6
172.3
156.8
3.2
(2)
2.6
166.3
164.1
171.2
168.2
173.6
171.3
173.4
171.4
4.3
4.4
161.6
94.1
(4)
147.7
164.1
162.8
(4)
154.0
16S.7
94.5
(4)
149.3
168.6
166.6
(4)
155.9
165.4
94.3
(4)
149.1
169.0
166.0
(4)
155.8
165.7
94.3
(4)
149.4
169.3
166.1
(4)
155.8
166.6
94.6
(4)
149.9
169.1
167.0
(4)
157.2
(4)
157.1
0.1
(3)
(4)
.1
.2
. 1
(4)
-. 1
(4)
164.1
(4)
169.8
(4)
169.0
(4)
169.6
(4)
171.3
(4)
171.4
(4)
(5)
See footnote 1, table B - 2 .
Percent change Is .3 percent from September 1984 to September 1985, the latest month available.
Percent change is .4 percent from August 1985 to September 1985, the latest month available.
These series are not seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle
Irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
5
Percent change la less than .05 percent.
N.A. - not available.
p • preliminary.
and/or
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
1
Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by industry
(1977 = 100)
Seasonally adjusted
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Total
Oct.
1934
Aug.
1985
Oct.
Sept. Oct.
1985 P 1985 P 1984
114.8
119.1
118.8
118.4
113.9
June
1985
July
1985
Aug.
1985
Sept
Oct.
1985 P 1985
116.3
116.0
116.7
116.9
117.3
101.3
101.6
102.8
102.0
99.1
98.6
98.5
99.1
99.2
99.6
Mining
112.6
112.6
113.3
110.1
111.7
112.6
111.1
110.5
110.5
109.3
Construction
126.1
138.8
139.4
137.4
116.9
122.4
124.3
124.8
127.1
127.4
96.0
93.9
95.2
94.7
9S.0
93.4
92.9
93.5
93.3
93.8
92.7
94.1
102.8
87
67
54
91
92
106
97
89
106
81
91,
94,
102,
87.
66,
54,
91.
91.
104.
97.
89.
104.
79.
92.6
95.8
104.7
87.8
66.0
52
91
91
105
98
91
104
81
91
96
104
87
65
52
91
90
103
97
89
104.2
81.9
92
98
104
88
67
54
91
90
104.6
97.7
90.9
102.7
82.6
94,
98,
83.
74,
86,
99.
120.
93.
82,
108.
65.
94.
98.
78.
73.
88.
99.
121.
93.
82.
108.
67.
94.9
98.5
81.8
75.2
87.9
100.1
122.8
93.3
83.4
108.6
67.1
95.3
98.9
83.3
76.2
88.7
100.1
122.4
93.1
80.5
109.1
68.2
95,
99,
84,
76.
88.
100.
122.
93.
82.
111.
67.
Goods-producing
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products . .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
95,
98,
107,
90,
68.
53.
93.
95,
113.
95.
90.
107.
89.
91.8
101.3
104
91
65
52
91
89
104
93
84
104.1
82.9
93
101
106
91
66
52
92
90
104
97
89
104.8
85.0
93.
100.
107,
91,
65.
51.
92.
89.
105.
97.
90.
102.
86.
95.0
95.9
104.4
87.2
70.2
56.1
92.2
96
112
95
90
108
85
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
<
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
96.
100.
102.
77.
91.
99.
119.
94.
97,
107,
85,
76,
88,
100,
122,
93.
85.
108.
68.
98.1
108.3
95.2
77.3
89.7
101.4
122.8
93.6
83.8
110.7
69.3
97
103
97
77
89
101
122.1
92.9
83 .5
112 ,3
68.8
95
96
89
76
89
99
119.1
94.4
87.0
111.6
69.5
88.
112.
70.
Service-producing
122.3
128.7
127.7
127.5
122.1
126.1
125.7
126.4
126.7
127.1
Transportation and public utilities
106.9
109.4
110.7
109.9
105.7
108.2
107.5
108.1
108.8
108.6
Wholesale trade
117.5
121.0
121.2
121.4
116.5
120.2
119.6
120.0
120.4
120.3
Retail trad*
114.6
121.5
119.1
118.5
114.5
118.5
117.8
118.0
117.7
118.6
Finance, insurance, and real estate
125.2
131.7
131.0
129.6
125.6
130.3
128.7
129.5
131.2
129.8
Services
135.4
143.5
142.3
142.9
135.5
139.9
140.1
141.4
141.7
142.7
Sept
Oct.
Nov.
Dec
' See footnote 1, table B-2.
p-preliminary.
1
Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased
Time
span
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
*»
Over
1-month
span
52.2
67.3
57.6
45.9
72.7
50.3
59.7
66.8
55.9
70.0
67.3
44.6
68.9
60.5
50.3
63.0
64.3
47.0
72.7
65.7
54.9
69.5
58.1
56.8
73.2
48.4
p43.5
74.1
66.5
p63.8
66.8
55.1
68.9
63.5
Over
3-month
span
46.2
78.1
58.6
53.2
75.9
54.1
63.0
77.6
46.8
73.5
68.9
45.9
71.9
69.7
44.1
73.8
67.0
49.7
72.7
65.4
50.5
80.3
60.3
p48.9
80.8
60.0
p52.4
78.6
56.5
74.6
67.0
74.3
60.0
Over
6-month
span
50.0
79.2
52.2
62.4
77.8
49.5
65.7
77.3
44.3
67.8
75.4
44.6
74.3
69.2
44.3
78.4
64.9
p41.4
79.7
63.2
p47.3
79.5
64.1
78.9
67.0
79.2
59.7
79.7
57.6
78.4
60.3
Over
12-month
span
48.6
81.9
50.8
55.1
78.4
48.4
61.4
76.8
p48.9
68.6
75.1
p46.8
72.4
72.7
75.1
73.0
77.0
70.0
79.7
65.7
78.4
63.5
80.8
60.5
81.6
56.2
81.1
51.9
Year
1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,3, and 6 month spans, on payrolls
of 185 private nonagricultural industries,
p - preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.) Data are centered within the spans.
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington, D.C. 20212
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