Full text of The Employment Situation : November 2021
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Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, December 3, 2021 USDL-21-2075 Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — NOVEMBER 2021 Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 210,000 in November, and the unemployment rate fell by 0.4 percentage point to 4.2 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Notable job gains occurred in professional and business services, transportation and warehousing, construction, and manufacturing. Employment in retail trade declined over the month. Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, November 2019 – November 2021 Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted, November 2019 – November 2021 Percent Thousands 16.0 160,000 14.0 155,000 12.0 150,000 10.0 145,000 8.0 140,000 6.0 135,000 4.0 130,000 2.0 125,000 Nov-19 Feb-20 May-20 Aug-20 Nov-20 Feb-21 May-21 Aug-21 Nov-21 Nov-19 Feb-20 May-20 Aug-20 Nov-20 Feb-21 May-21 Aug-21 Nov-21 This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical Note. Household Survey Data The unemployment rate fell by 0.4 percentage point to 4.2 percent in November. The number of unemployed persons fell by 542,000 to 6.9 million. Both measures are down considerably from their highs at the end of the February-April 2020 recession. However, they remain above their levels prior to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (3.5 percent and 5.7 million, respectively, in February 2020). (See table A-1. See the box note on page 5 for more information about how the household survey and its measures were affected by the coronavirus pandemic.) Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (4.0 percent), adult women (4.0 percent), Whites (3.7 percent), Blacks (6.7 percent), and Hispanics (5.2 percent) declined in November. The jobless rates for teenagers (11.2 percent) and Asians (3.8 percent) showed little change over the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) Among the unemployed, the number of permanent job losers declined by 205,000 to 1.9 million in November but is 623,000 higher than in February 2020. The number of persons on temporary layoff decreased by 255,000 to 801,000 in November. This measure is down from the high of 18.0 million in April 2020 and has nearly returned to its February 2020 level of 750,000. (See table A-11.) The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more), at 2.2 million, changed little in November but is 1.1 million higher than in February 2020. The long-term unemployed accounted for 32.1 percent of the total unemployed in November. (See table A-12.) The labor force participation rate edged up to 61.8 percent in November. The participation rate is 1.5 percentage points lower than in February 2020. The employment-population ratio increased by 0.4 percentage point to 59.2 percent in November. This measure is up from its low of 51.3 percent in April 2020 but remains below the figure of 61.1 percent in February 2020. (See table A-1.) The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 4.3 million, changed little in November. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. This figure was about the same as in February 2020. (See table A-8.) The number of persons not in the labor force who currently want a job was 5.9 million in November, little changed over the month but up by 849,000 since February 2020. These individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not actively looking for work during the 4 weeks preceding the survey or were unavailable to take a job. (See table A-1.) Among those not in the labor force who wanted a job, the number of persons marginally attached to the labor force was little changed at 1.6 million in November. These individuals wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had not looked for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached who believed that no jobs were available for them, was essentially unchanged over the month at 450,000. (See Summary table A.) Household Survey Supplemental Data In November, the share of employed persons who teleworked because of the coronavirus pandemic declined by 0.3 percentage point to 11.3 percent. These data refer to employed persons who teleworked or worked at home for pay at some point in the 4 weeks preceding the survey specifically because of the pandemic. In November, 3.6 million persons reported that they had been unable to work because their employer closed or lost business due to the pandemic—that is, they did not work at all or worked fewer hours at some point in the 4 weeks preceding the survey due to the pandemic. This measure was little different -2- from the level of 3.8 million in October. Among those who reported in November that they were unable to work because of pandemic-related closures or lost business, 15.8 percent received at least some pay from their employer for the hours not worked, little changed from the prior month. Among those not in the labor force in November, 1.2 million persons were prevented from looking for work due to the pandemic, little changed from October. (To be counted as unemployed, by definition, individuals must be either actively looking for work or on temporary layoff.) These supplemental data come from questions added to the household survey beginning in May 2020 to help gauge the effects of the pandemic on the labor market. The data are not seasonally adjusted. Tables with estimates from the supplemental questions for all months are available online at www.bls.gov/cps/effects-of-the-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic.htm. Establishment Survey Data Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 210,000 in November. Thus far this year, monthly job growth has averaged 555,000. Nonfarm employment has increased by 18.5 million since April 2020 but is down by 3.9 million, or 2.6 percent, from its pre-pandemic level in February 2020. In November, notable job gains occurred in professional and business services, transportation and warehousing, construction, and manufacturing. Employment in retail trade declined over the month. (See table B-1. See the box note on page 5 for more information about how the establishment survey and its measures were affected by the coronavirus pandemic.) Professional and business services added 90,000 jobs in November. Job gains continued in administrative and waste services (+42,000), although employment in its temporary help services component changed little (+6,000). Job growth also continued in management and technical consulting services (+12,000) and in computer system design and related services (+10,000). Employment in professional and business services overall is 69,000 below its level in February 2020. Employment in transportation and warehousing increased by 50,000 in November and is 210,000 above its February 2020 level. In November, job gains occurred in couriers and messengers (+27,000) and in warehousing and storage (+9,000). Construction employment rose by 31,000 in November, following gains of a similar magnitude in the prior 2 months. In November, employment continued to trend up in specialty trade contractors (+13,000), construction of buildings (+10,000), and heavy and civil engineering construction (+8,000). Construction employment is 115,000 below its February 2020 level. Manufacturing added 31,000 jobs in November. Job gains occurred in miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing (+10,000) and fabricated metal products (+8,000), while motor vehicles and parts lost jobs (-10,000). Employment in machinery declined by 6,000, largely reflecting a strike. Manufacturing employment is down by 253,000 since February 2020. Employment in financial activities continued to trend up in November (+13,000) and is 30,000 above its February 2020 level. Job growth occurred in securities, commodity contracts, and investments in November (+9,000). Employment in retail trade declined by 20,000 in November, with job losses in general merchandise stores (-20,000); clothing and clothing accessories stores (-18,000); and sporting goods, hobby, book, -3- and music stores (-9,000). These losses were partially offset by job gains in food and beverage stores (+9,000) and in building material and garden supply stores (+7,000). Retail trade employment is 176,000 lower than in February 2020. Employment in leisure and hospitality changed little in November (+23,000), following large gains earlier in the year. Leisure and hospitality has added 2.4 million jobs thus far in 2021, but employment in the industry is down by 1.3 million, or 7.9 percent, since February 2020. Health care employment was about unchanged in November (+2,000). Within the industry, employment in ambulatory health care services continued to trend up (+17,000), while nursing and residential care facilities lost 11,000 jobs. Employment in health care is down by 450,000 since February 2020, with nursing and residential care facilities accounting for nearly all of the loss. In November, employment showed little change in other major industries, including mining, wholesale trade, information, other services, and public and private education. In November, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 8 cents to $31.03. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 4.8 percent. In November, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose by 12 cents to $26.40. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour to 34.8 hours in November. In manufacturing, the average workweek edged up by 0.1 hour to 40.4 hours, and overtime was unchanged at 3.2 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.1 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for September was revised up by 67,000, from +312,000 to +379,000, and the change for October was revised up by 15,000, from +531,000 to +546,000. With these revisions, employment in September and October combined is 82,000 higher than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.) _____________ The Employment Situation for December is scheduled to be released on Friday, January 7, 2022, at 8:30 a.m. (ET). -4- Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on November 2021 Household and Establishment Survey Data Data collection for both surveys was affected by the pandemic. In the establishment survey, more data continued to be collected by web than in months prior to the pandemic. In the household survey, for the safety of both interviewers and respondents, in-person interviews were conducted only when telephone interviews could not be done. As in previous months, some workers affected by the pandemic who should have been classified in the household survey as unemployed on temporary layoff were instead misclassified as employed but not at work. However, the share of responses that may have been misclassified was highest in the early months of the pandemic and has been considerably lower in recent months. Since March 2020, BLS has published an estimate of what the unemployment rate might have been had misclassified workers been included among the unemployed. Repeating this same approach, the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate in November 2021 would have been 0.1 percentage point higher than reported. However, this represents the upper bound of our estimate of misclassification and probably overstates the size of the misclassification error. More information about the impact of the pandemic on the two surveys is available at www.bls.gov/covid19/employment-situation-covid19-faq-november-2021.htm. Upcoming Changes to Household Survey Data In accordance with usual practice, The Employment Situation news release for December 2021, scheduled for January 7, 2022, will incorporate annual revisions in seasonally adjusted household survey data. Seasonally adjusted data for the most recent 5 years are subject to revision. Effective with the release of The Employment Situation for January 2022 on February 4, 2022, new population controls will be used in the household survey estimation process. These new controls will reflect a "blended base," which is 2010 Census-based and controlled to elements from the 2020 Census and other sources. In accordance with usual practice, historical data will not be revised to incorporate the new controls; consequently, household survey data for January 2022 will not be directly comparable with data for December 2021 or earlier periods. A table showing the effects of the new controls on the major labor force series will be included in the January 2022 news release. -5- HOUSEHOLD DATA Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Category Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021 Change from: Oct. 2021Nov. 2021 Nov. 2021 Employment status Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force.......................................................... . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed.................................................................. . Employment-population ratio......................................... . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261,085 160,536 61.5 149,809 57.4 10,728 6.7 100,548 261,766 161,354 61.6 153,680 58.7 7,674 4.8 100,412 261,908 161,458 61.6 154,039 58.8 7,419 4.6 100,450 262,029 162,052 61.8 155,175 59.2 6,877 4.2 99,977 121 594 0.2 1,136 0.4 -542 -0.4 -473 Unemployment rates Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult men (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................ . 6.7 6.6 6.2 13.9 5.9 10.3 6.7 8.4 4.8 4.7 4.2 11.5 4.2 7.9 4.2 6.3 4.6 4.3 4.4 11.9 4.0 7.9 4.2 5.9 4.2 4.0 4.0 11.2 3.7 6.7 3.8 5.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.7 -0.3 -1.2 -0.4 -0.7 Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................. . 6.0 9.2 7.8 6.3 4.2 4.2 7.9 5.8 4.5 2.5 4.0 7.4 5.4 4.4 2.4 3.7 5.7 5.2 3.7 2.3 -0.3 -1.7 -0.2 -0.7 -0.1 Reason for unemployment Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers..................................................................... . Reentrants...................................................................... . New entrants................................................................... . 7,468 698 1,968 551 4,065 788 2,289 490 3,719 840 2,210 537 3,323 847 2,154 440 -396 7 -56 -97 Duration of unemployment Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks.................................................................. . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over............................................................ . 2,455 2,404 1,875 3,929 2,237 1,872 990 2,683 2,085 1,966 994 2,326 1,972 1,773 877 2,190 -113 -193 -117 -136 Employed persons at work part time Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons......................................... . 6,641 5,223 1,167 18,580 4,468 3,180 975 20,389 4,423 3,178 947 20,605 4,286 2,940 1,066 20,474 -137 -238 119 -131 Persons not in the labor force Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers....................................................... . 2,083 657 1,744 450 1,681 455 1,625 450 -56 -5 NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted Category Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 359 68 3 24 41 30 17.7 11 291 14.8 -2.1 123.6 -0.6 0 10 95 39.0 43 48.4 10 -3 -95 379 424 65 1 35 29 15 -2.9 14 359 9.9 39.1 63.4 -0.3 4 12 111 14.9 16 37.2 108 -4 -45 546 628 94 3 43 48 32 19.3 16 534 12.5 37.8 59.8 0.1 11 26 121 46.4 59 47.6 170 36 -82 210 235 60 -2 31 31 15 -10.1 16 175 8.0 -20.4 49.7 -0.4 -2 13 90 6.2 4 5.7 23 10 -25 (3-month average change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553 748 651 581 469 519 378 429 WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2 Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)5 Total private (257 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing (75 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Nov. 2020 49.8 48.4 81.5 34.8 $29.61 $1,030.43 106.0 0.3 150.0 0.6 64.4 59.3 49.8 48.4 81.4 34.8 $30.84 $1,073.23 109.9 0.9 162.1 1.5 65.0 58.0 49.8 48.5 81.6 34.7 $30.95 $1,073.97 110.2 0.3 163.0 0.6 73.9 66.7 49.8 48.4 81.6 34.8 $31.03 $1,079.84 110.7 0.5 164.2 0.7 63.0 67.3 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. 4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. 5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. 2 Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm. 2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The Employment Situation news release. 3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cestn.htm#section7. On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance benefits? No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently looking for work? Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, please visit data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln. Technical Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses and government agencies, representing approximately 697,000 individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll jobs. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory employees in private service-providing industries. Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. • The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. • The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. • The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. • The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Reliability of the estimates Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic activity. Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component series, and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year. Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 110,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -60,000 to +160,000 (50,000 +/- 110,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages. The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death employment. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.3 percent. Other information Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age Nov. 2020 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 July 2021 Aug. 2021 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261,085 160,468 61.5 150,203 57.5 10,264 6.4 100,617 6,791 261,908 161,863 61.8 154,966 59.2 6,896 4.3 100,045 5,567 262,029 162,099 61.9 155,797 59.5 6,302 3.9 99,930 5,491 261,085 160,536 61.5 149,809 57.4 10,728 6.7 100,548 7,127 261,469 161,347 61.7 152,645 58.4 8,702 5.4 100,123 6,517 261,611 161,537 61.7 153,154 58.5 8,384 5.2 100,074 5,682 261,766 161,354 61.6 153,680 58.7 7,674 4.8 100,412 5,969 261,908 161,458 61.6 154,039 58.8 7,419 4.6 100,450 5,978 262,029 162,052 61.8 155,175 59.2 6,877 4.2 99,977 5,859 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,296 84,934 67.2 79,291 62.8 5,643 6.6 41,363 126,719 85,725 67.6 82,163 64.8 3,562 4.2 40,994 126,779 85,793 67.7 82,474 65.1 3,318 3.9 40,986 126,296 85,161 67.4 79,267 62.8 5,894 6.9 41,135 126,499 85,507 67.6 80,712 63.8 4,795 5.6 40,992 126,570 85,684 67.7 81,100 64.1 4,584 5.4 40,886 126,648 85,797 67.7 81,501 64.4 4,296 5.0 40,850 126,719 85,720 67.6 81,825 64.6 3,896 4.5 40,998 126,779 86,011 67.8 82,366 65.0 3,645 4.2 40,768 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,936 82,134 69.6 76,904 65.2 5,230 6.4 35,802 118,406 82,786 69.9 79,556 67.2 3,230 3.9 35,620 118,466 82,929 70.0 79,904 67.4 3,025 3.6 35,537 117,936 82,226 69.7 76,777 65.1 5,449 6.6 35,710 118,192 82,526 69.8 78,041 66.0 4,484 5.4 35,667 118,261 82,665 69.9 78,440 66.3 4,225 5.1 35,597 118,337 82,847 70.0 78,927 66.7 3,919 4.7 35,490 118,406 82,689 69.8 79,163 66.9 3,526 4.3 35,717 118,466 83,009 70.1 79,694 67.3 3,314 4.0 35,457 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134,788 75,534 56.0 70,913 52.6 4,621 6.1 59,254 135,189 76,138 56.3 72,803 53.9 3,335 4.4 59,052 135,250 76,306 56.4 73,323 54.2 2,984 3.9 58,944 134,788 75,376 55.9 70,542 52.3 4,834 6.4 59,413 134,970 75,840 56.2 71,934 53.3 3,906 5.2 59,130 135,041 75,853 56.2 72,054 53.4 3,799 5.0 59,188 135,118 75,557 55.9 72,179 53.4 3,378 4.5 59,561 135,189 75,737 56.0 72,214 53.4 3,523 4.7 59,452 135,250 76,041 56.2 72,809 53.8 3,232 4.3 59,209 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,604 72,695 57.4 68,407 54.0 4,289 5.9 53,909 127,051 73,296 57.7 70,274 55.3 3,022 4.1 53,755 127,112 73,463 57.8 70,786 55.7 2,677 3.6 53,649 126,604 72,395 57.2 67,941 53.7 4,453 6.2 54,209 126,837 72,883 57.5 69,235 54.6 3,648 5.0 53,954 126,906 72,842 57.4 69,357 54.7 3,485 4.8 54,065 126,982 72,533 57.1 69,466 54.7 3,067 4.2 54,449 127,051 72,784 57.3 69,604 54.8 3,179 4.4 54,267 127,112 73,058 57.5 70,168 55.2 2,890 4.0 54,054 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,545 5,639 34.1 4,893 29.6 745 13.2 10,906 16,451 5,780 35.1 5,137 31.2 644 11.1 10,670 16,450 5,707 34.7 5,107 31.0 600 10.5 10,743 16,545 5,915 35.8 5,091 30.8 825 13.9 10,630 16,440 5,938 36.1 5,369 32.7 569 9.6 10,502 16,443 6,031 36.7 5,357 32.6 674 11.2 10,412 16,447 5,975 36.3 5,287 32.1 687 11.5 10,473 16,451 5,984 36.4 5,271 32.0 714 11.9 10,466 16,450 5,985 36.4 5,312 32.3 673 11.2 10,465 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Nov. 2020 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 July 2021 Aug. 2021 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 201,685 124,065 61.5 117,041 58.0 7,024 5.7 77,620 202,138 124,407 61.5 119,891 59.3 4,517 3.6 77,731 202,199 124,666 61.7 120,431 59.6 4,234 3.4 77,533 201,685 124,038 61.5 116,665 57.8 7,373 5.9 77,647 201,888 124,413 61.6 118,428 58.7 5,985 4.8 77,475 201,968 124,332 61.6 118,697 58.8 5,635 4.5 77,635 202,057 124,222 61.5 119,023 58.9 5,199 4.2 77,835 202,138 124,333 61.5 119,338 59.0 4,995 4.0 77,805 202,199 124,652 61.6 119,985 59.3 4,666 3.7 77,547 64,598 69.8 60,953 65.9 3,645 5.6 64,725 69.8 62,644 67.5 2,081 3.2 64,941 70.0 62,962 67.9 1,979 3.0 64,648 69.9 60,844 65.8 3,804 5.9 64,858 70.0 61,701 66.6 3,157 4.9 64,856 70.0 61,980 66.9 2,875 4.4 64,996 70.1 62,295 67.2 2,700 4.2 64,784 69.9 62,424 67.3 2,360 3.6 65,023 70.1 62,835 67.7 2,188 3.4 55,014 56.7 52,200 53.8 2,814 5.1 55,170 56.7 53,184 54.6 1,986 3.6 55,310 56.8 53,435 54.9 1,875 3.4 54,717 56.4 51,765 53.3 2,953 5.4 54,993 56.6 52,538 54.0 2,455 4.5 54,816 56.4 52,496 54.0 2,319 4.2 54,578 56.1 52,571 54.0 2,007 3.7 54,870 56.4 52,736 54.2 2,134 3.9 54,994 56.5 52,948 54.4 2,046 3.7 4,453 36.7 3,887 32.1 565 12.7 4,512 37.4 4,062 33.7 450 10.0 4,415 36.6 4,035 33.5 380 8.6 4,673 38.5 4,056 33.4 616 13.2 4,562 37.8 4,189 34.7 373 8.2 4,661 38.7 4,220 35.0 441 9.5 4,648 38.5 4,157 34.5 492 10.6 4,679 38.8 4,177 34.6 501 10.7 4,634 38.4 4,202 34.8 432 9.3 33,486 20,166 60.2 18,184 54.3 1,982 9.8 13,320 33,699 20,689 61.4 19,120 56.7 1,568 7.6 13,011 33,725 20,478 60.7 19,232 57.0 1,246 6.1 13,247 33,486 20,165 60.2 18,087 54.0 2,077 10.3 13,321 33,619 20,430 60.8 18,757 55.8 1,673 8.2 13,189 33,645 20,717 61.6 18,892 56.2 1,825 8.8 12,928 33,673 20,634 61.3 18,996 56.4 1,638 7.9 13,039 33,699 20,590 61.1 18,959 56.3 1,631 7.9 13,109 33,725 20,493 60.8 19,128 56.7 1,366 6.7 13,232 9,197 65.1 8,217 58.2 980 10.7 9,540 66.9 8,779 61.6 761 8.0 9,450 66.3 8,823 61.9 626 6.6 9,217 65.2 8,184 57.9 1,033 11.2 9,402 66.2 8,609 60.6 793 8.4 9,491 66.7 8,628 60.7 864 9.1 9,399 66.0 8,644 60.7 755 8.0 9,484 66.5 8,693 61.0 791 8.3 9,485 66.5 8,788 61.6 697 7.3 10,295 60.7 9,395 55.4 900 8.7 10,447 61.2 9,742 57.1 705 6.7 10,352 60.6 9,874 57.8 478 4.6 10,242 60.4 9,320 55.0 921 9.0 10,293 60.5 9,511 55.9 782 7.6 10,480 61.5 9,652 56.7 828 7.9 10,442 61.2 9,683 56.8 759 7.3 10,390 60.9 9,665 56.6 725 7.0 10,299 60.3 9,786 57.3 513 5.0 674 28.0 572 23.8 102 15.1 702 29.4 599 25.1 102 14.6 677 28.4 535 22.4 142 20.9 706 29.3 583 24.2 123 17.4 735 30.8 637 26.7 98 13.3 746 31.2 612 25.6 134 17.9 794 33.3 669 28.0 125 15.7 716 30.0 601 25.2 115 16.1 710 29.7 554 23.2 156 21.9 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age ASIAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nov. 2020 16,558 10,366 62.6 9,675 58.4 691 6.7 6,192 Oct. 2021 16,485 10,756 65.2 10,312 62.5 445 4.1 5,729 Nov. 2021 16,513 10,767 65.2 10,365 62.8 402 3.7 5,746 Nov. 2020 16,558 10,380 62.7 9,685 58.5 695 6.7 6,179 July 2021 16,514 10,654 64.5 10,094 61.1 559 5.3 5,861 Aug. 2021 16,555 10,610 64.1 10,122 61.1 488 4.6 5,945 Sept. 2021 16,540 10,635 64.3 10,190 61.6 446 4.2 5,905 Oct. 2021 16,485 10,742 65.2 10,288 62.4 454 4.2 5,744 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Nov. 2021 16,513 10,755 65.1 10,346 62.7 409 3.8 5,758 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Nov. 2020 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 July 2021 Aug. 2021 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 44,559 29,240 65.6 26,821 60.2 2,419 8.3 15,319 45,159 29,736 65.8 28,154 62.3 1,582 5.3 15,423 45,232 30,079 66.5 28,648 63.3 1,431 4.8 15,153 44,559 29,152 65.4 26,688 59.9 2,463 8.4 15,407 44,927 29,529 65.7 27,576 61.4 1,953 6.6 15,398 45,004 29,534 65.6 27,652 61.4 1,882 6.4 15,470 45,083 29,617 65.7 27,738 61.5 1,880 6.3 15,466 45,159 29,681 65.7 27,934 61.9 1,748 5.9 15,478 45,232 30,001 66.3 28,436 62.9 1,565 5.2 15,231 15,971 79.4 14,753 73.3 1,218 7.6 16,220 79.5 15,495 75.9 724 4.5 16,411 80.3 15,766 77.1 645 3.9 15,951 79.3 14,700 73.0 1,251 7.8 16,228 79.9 15,225 75.0 1,003 6.2 16,285 80.1 15,318 75.3 967 5.9 16,403 80.5 15,411 75.6 992 6.0 16,256 79.7 15,409 75.5 848 5.2 16,457 80.5 15,699 76.8 758 4.6 11,910 58.4 10,946 53.7 964 8.1 12,127 58.6 11,485 55.5 642 5.3 12,296 59.4 11,666 56.3 629 5.1 11,821 58.0 10,851 53.2 970 8.2 12,020 58.4 11,209 54.5 811 6.7 11,977 58.1 11,253 54.6 725 6.0 11,915 57.7 11,253 54.5 662 5.6 12,029 58.2 11,347 54.9 681 5.7 12,156 58.7 11,517 55.6 640 5.3 1,358 33.6 1,121 27.8 237 17.5 1,389 34.1 1,173 28.8 216 15.5 1,373 33.7 1,216 29.9 157 11.4 1,380 34.2 1,137 28.2 243 17.6 1,280 31.6 1,142 28.2 138 10.8 1,271 31.3 1,081 26.7 190 15.0 1,300 32.0 1,074 26.4 226 17.4 1,396 34.3 1,177 28.9 219 15.7 1,388 34.1 1,221 30.0 167 12.1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Nov. 2020 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 Seasonally adjusted Nov. 2020 July 2021 Aug. 2021 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,418 46.4 8,585 42.3 833 8.8 8,921 45.9 8,365 43.1 555 6.2 8,915 45.8 8,462 43.5 452 5.1 9,276 45.7 8,418 41.4 858 9.2 9,254 46.7 8,377 42.3 877 9.5 9,158 45.8 8,448 42.2 710 7.8 9,127 45.3 8,406 41.7 721 7.9 9,033 46.5 8,367 43.1 666 7.4 8,792 45.1 8,294 42.6 498 5.7 High school graduates, no college1 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,246 55.5 32,622 51.4 2,624 7.4 35,575 55.5 33,774 52.7 1,801 5.1 35,562 55.9 33,831 53.2 1,731 4.9 35,163 55.4 32,435 51.1 2,728 7.8 34,947 55.3 32,735 51.8 2,211 6.3 35,347 55.3 33,232 52.0 2,115 6.0 34,858 55.1 32,838 51.9 2,020 5.8 35,276 55.0 33,365 52.0 1,911 5.4 35,390 55.7 33,538 52.7 1,853 5.2 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,833 62.6 33,647 58.8 2,185 6.1 35,710 63.4 34,236 60.8 1,474 4.1 35,605 62.9 34,374 60.7 1,231 3.5 35,644 62.3 33,387 58.4 2,257 6.3 35,896 63.0 34,111 59.9 1,785 5.0 35,845 63.6 34,019 60.4 1,826 5.1 35,826 63.0 34,200 60.2 1,626 4.5 35,354 62.7 33,783 60.0 1,571 4.4 35,406 62.5 34,081 60.2 1,324 3.7 Bachelor’s degree and higher2 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,719 72.3 57,287 69.3 2,432 4.1 61,068 72.0 59,654 70.3 1,414 2.3 61,484 72.2 60,181 70.7 1,303 2.1 59,620 72.2 57,095 69.1 2,524 4.2 60,927 72.4 59,027 70.1 1,900 3.1 60,794 72.3 59,077 70.2 1,717 2.8 60,785 72.1 59,246 70.3 1,539 2.5 60,973 71.9 59,493 70.2 1,480 2.4 61,355 72.1 59,956 70.4 1,400 2.3 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Nov. 2020 Men Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 Women Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 Nov. 2021 VETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,315 8,764 47.9 8,213 44.8 552 6.3 9,551 17,950 8,444 47.0 8,117 45.2 327 3.9 9,506 16,408 7,636 46.5 7,144 43.5 492 6.4 8,772 16,029 7,277 45.4 6,996 43.6 281 3.9 8,752 1,907 1,128 59.2 1,068 56.0 60 5.3 779 1,921 1,167 60.8 1,121 58.4 46 4.0 754 Gulf War-era II veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,540 3,532 77.8 3,288 72.4 244 6.9 1,009 4,595 3,633 79.1 3,476 75.7 158 4.3 961 3,752 2,979 79.4 2,766 73.7 212 7.1 773 3,779 3,052 80.8 2,915 77.1 136 4.5 727 789 553 70.1 522 66.1 32 5.7 236 815 582 71.3 560 68.7 21 3.6 234 Gulf War-era I veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,065 2,251 73.5 2,145 70.0 107 4.7 814 3,150 2,263 71.8 2,203 69.9 61 2.7 887 2,578 1,934 75.0 1,839 71.3 95 4.9 644 2,661 1,925 72.3 1,878 70.6 47 2.4 736 486 317 65.2 305 62.8 12 3.7 169 490 338 69.1 324 66.3 14 4.2 151 World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,676 1,175 17.6 1,100 16.5 75 6.4 5,501 6,297 1,021 16.2 976 15.5 46 4.5 5,276 6,443 1,146 17.8 1,071 16.6 75 6.6 5,297 6,075 971 16.0 930 15.3 41 4.2 5,104 233 29 12.6 29 12.6 0 – 204 222 50 22.7 45 20.5 5 – 172 Veterans of other service periods Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,034 1,806 44.8 1,680 41.6 126 7.0 2,228 3,908 1,526 39.0 1,463 37.4 63 4.1 2,382 3,635 1,577 43.4 1,468 40.4 109 6.9 2,058 3,514 1,329 37.8 1,272 36.2 56 4.3 2,185 399 229 57.3 212 53.1 17 7.3 170 394 197 50.0 191 48.4 6 3.2 197 NONVETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233,995 149,673 64.0 140,243 59.9 9,430 6.3 84,322 234,974 151,411 64.4 145,654 62.0 5,757 3.8 83,563 105,486 76,357 72.4 71,337 67.6 5,019 6.6 29,129 106,190 77,439 72.9 74,520 70.2 2,919 3.8 28,751 128,510 73,316 57.1 68,906 53.6 4,411 6.0 55,193 128,784 73,972 57.4 71,134 55.2 2,838 3.8 54,812 NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). Updated population controls introduced with the release of January 2021 data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Persons with a disability Employment status, sex, and age Nov. 2020 Nov. 2021 Persons with no disability Nov. 2020 Nov. 2021 TOTAL, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population..................................................... . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 30,169 6,163 20.4 5,407 17.9 755 12.3 24,006 31,963 7,455 23.3 6,878 21.5 577 7.7 24,508 230,916 154,305 66.8 144,796 62.7 9,509 6.2 76,611 230,066 154,644 67.2 148,919 64.7 5,725 3.7 75,422 Men, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 2,740 35.3 2,380 30.7 359 13.1 5,021 3,103 39.5 2,832 36.1 271 8.7 4,752 76,194 81.4 71,246 76.1 4,948 6.5 17,450 76,582 82.1 73,727 79.0 2,855 3.7 16,724 Women, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 2,350 31.8 2,029 27.5 321 13.7 5,030 2,929 35.9 2,710 33.3 219 7.5 5,221 68,384 70.5 64,343 66.4 4,042 5.9 28,579 68,506 71.5 65,898 68.8 2,607 3.8 27,304 Both sexes, 65 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 1,073 7.1 998 6.6 75 7.0 13,956 1,422 8.9 1,336 8.4 87 6.1 14,534 9,726 24.1 9,207 22.8 519 5.3 30,582 9,556 23.3 9,293 22.7 263 2.8 31,394 NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status and nativity Nov. 2020 Men Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 Women Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 Nov. 2021 Foreign born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed......................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 42,730 27,494 64.3 25,644 60.0 1,850 6.7 15,236 44,048 28,895 65.6 27,853 63.2 1,043 3.6 15,152 20,477 15,806 77.2 14,888 72.7 918 5.8 4,672 21,519 16,686 77.5 16,139 75.0 546 3.3 4,833 22,253 11,689 52.5 10,757 48.3 932 8.0 10,564 22,529 12,209 54.2 11,713 52.0 496 4.1 10,319 Native born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed......................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 218,355 132,973 60.9 124,559 57.0 8,414 6.3 85,381 217,981 133,204 61.1 127,944 58.7 5,260 3.9 84,777 105,819 69,128 65.3 64,403 60.9 4,725 6.8 36,691 105,260 69,107 65.7 66,335 63.0 2,772 4.0 36,153 112,536 63,845 56.7 60,156 53.5 3,689 5.8 48,690 112,721 64,097 56.9 61,609 54.7 2,487 3.9 48,624 NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Category CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government.................................... . Private industries.............................. . Private households. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other industries............................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2 All industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Seasonally adjusted Nov. 2020 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 July 2021 Aug. 2021 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 2,441 1,590 820 30 147,763 139,095 20,637 118,458 626 117,832 8,622 45 2,418 1,596 785 37 152,548 142,933 20,586 122,347 766 121,581 9,548 68 2,194 1,429 727 38 153,603 144,279 20,936 123,343 654 122,689 9,277 47 2,432 1,553 837 – 147,314 138,891 20,418 118,525 – 117,902 8,570 – 2,305 1,584 708 – 150,481 140,487 20,761 119,955 – 119,334 9,571 – 2,329 1,606 712 – 151,115 141,168 20,793 120,345 – 119,608 9,541 – 2,249 1,519 724 – 151,693 141,768 20,487 121,741 – 120,981 9,418 – 2,306 1,511 759 – 151,676 142,280 20,453 121,872 – 120,954 9,442 – 2,201 1,423 741 – 152,732 143,855 20,668 123,141 – 122,402 9,256 – 6,492 5,131 1,151 19,449 4,094 2,913 928 21,128 4,163 2,819 1,085 21,322 6,641 5,223 1,167 18,580 4,483 2,965 1,116 20,087 4,469 3,183 1,032 20,359 4,468 3,180 975 20,389 4,423 3,178 947 20,605 4,286 2,940 1,066 20,474 6,423 5,087 1,142 19,043 3,998 2,838 927 20,773 4,121 2,789 1,085 20,948 6,582 5,176 1,163 18,182 4,351 2,908 1,099 19,736 4,414 3,126 1,019 20,027 4,406 3,130 960 20,003 4,328 3,059 946 20,268 4,263 2,865 1,071 20,107 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. 3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. 4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Characteristic Seasonally adjusted Nov. 2020 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 July 2021 Aug. 2021 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150,203 4,893 1,748 3,146 145,310 13,169 132,142 96,394 33,767 32,290 30,337 35,748 154,966 5,137 1,999 3,137 149,830 13,800 136,030 99,355 35,257 33,237 30,862 36,674 155,797 5,107 2,026 3,081 150,690 13,842 136,848 100,032 35,622 33,354 31,056 36,815 149,809 5,091 1,797 3,277 144,718 13,203 131,461 95,861 33,581 32,098 30,182 35,600 152,645 5,369 1,971 3,378 147,277 13,342 134,135 98,131 34,589 32,923 30,620 36,003 153,154 5,357 2,025 3,293 147,797 13,238 134,652 98,289 34,742 32,914 30,633 36,363 153,680 5,287 2,013 3,256 148,393 13,498 134,958 98,346 34,664 32,915 30,767 36,611 154,039 5,271 1,981 3,284 148,768 13,709 135,223 98,746 35,010 33,020 30,716 36,477 155,175 5,312 2,064 3,236 149,863 13,831 135,988 99,363 35,356 33,145 30,862 36,625 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,291 2,387 809 1,578 76,904 6,662 70,241 51,207 17,984 17,334 15,889 19,034 82,163 2,608 972 1,636 79,556 6,969 72,587 53,007 18,855 17,866 16,286 19,580 82,474 2,571 958 1,613 79,904 7,074 72,830 53,157 18,945 17,899 16,313 19,673 79,267 2,490 863 1,630 76,777 6,722 70,040 51,025 17,889 17,288 15,848 19,015 80,712 2,670 944 1,720 78,041 6,713 71,479 52,220 18,472 17,707 16,041 19,259 81,100 2,660 949 1,691 78,440 6,769 71,690 52,348 18,535 17,699 16,115 19,342 81,501 2,574 974 1,584 78,927 6,868 72,046 52,398 18,516 17,793 16,090 19,647 81,825 2,661 979 1,685 79,163 6,969 72,168 52,700 18,714 17,784 16,202 19,467 82,366 2,672 1,010 1,667 79,694 7,112 72,504 52,881 18,788 17,852 16,242 19,623 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,913 2,506 939 1,567 68,407 6,506 61,900 45,187 15,783 14,956 14,448 16,714 72,803 2,529 1,027 1,501 70,274 6,831 63,443 46,348 16,401 15,371 14,576 17,095 73,323 2,537 1,068 1,469 70,786 6,768 64,018 46,875 16,677 15,455 14,743 17,142 70,542 2,600 934 1,647 67,941 6,481 61,422 44,836 15,692 14,810 14,334 16,586 71,934 2,698 1,027 1,658 69,235 6,629 62,655 45,911 16,116 15,216 14,579 16,744 72,054 2,697 1,076 1,602 69,357 6,469 62,962 45,941 16,207 15,215 14,519 17,021 72,179 2,713 1,040 1,672 69,466 6,630 62,912 45,948 16,149 15,122 14,677 16,964 72,214 2,610 1,002 1,600 69,604 6,740 63,055 46,045 16,296 15,236 14,514 17,010 72,809 2,640 1,054 1,569 70,168 6,719 63,483 46,482 16,568 15,293 14,620 17,002 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,753 35,165 9,541 43,910 35,209 9,696 44,274 35,700 9,738 43,754 34,795 – 43,823 35,208 – 43,641 35,043 – 43,593 35,013 – 43,706 34,907 – 44,225 35,300 – FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124,325 25,879 128,848 26,119 129,322 26,475 124,292 25,373 127,466 25,360 127,436 25,783 128,027 25,747 128,306 25,906 129,260 25,948 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,690 4.5 7,166 4.6 7,180 4.6 6,559 4.4 7,026 4.6 7,041 4.6 7,045 4.6 6,978 4.5 7,063 4.6 SELF-EMPLOYMENT Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,236 9,443 6,334 10,332 6,363 10,004 – 9,408 – 10,279 – 10,253 – 10,142 – 10,201 – 9,997 1 Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. 2 Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. 3 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 4 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Nov. 2020 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 July 2021 Aug. 2021 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,728 825 314 507 9,903 1,580 8,409 6,193 2,530 1,910 1,753 2,202 7,419 714 247 473 6,705 1,104 5,624 4,303 1,764 1,331 1,208 1,372 6,877 673 247 421 6,204 1,131 5,166 3,891 1,557 1,340 993 1,266 6.7 13.9 14.9 13.4 6.4 10.7 6.0 6.1 7.0 5.6 5.5 5.8 5.4 9.6 9.7 9.4 5.2 9.1 4.8 4.9 6.1 4.7 3.8 4.4 5.2 11.2 11.6 11.0 5.0 9.3 4.5 4.7 5.6 4.4 4.0 3.9 4.8 11.5 11.4 11.6 4.5 8.0 4.2 4.4 5.3 4.0 3.9 3.6 4.6 11.9 11.1 12.6 4.3 7.5 4.0 4.2 4.8 3.9 3.8 3.6 4.2 11.2 10.7 11.5 4.0 7.6 3.7 3.8 4.2 3.9 3.1 3.3 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,894 444 146 299 5,449 904 4,617 3,433 1,491 1,028 914 1,183 3,896 370 117 257 3,526 633 2,938 2,227 987 689 551 711 3,645 330 130 196 3,314 637 2,736 2,109 872 731 506 627 6.9 15.1 14.5 15.5 6.6 11.9 6.2 6.3 7.7 5.6 5.5 5.9 5.6 10.4 10.1 10.5 5.4 10.4 4.9 5.1 6.2 4.7 4.1 4.4 5.4 11.9 11.2 12.6 5.1 9.7 4.7 4.9 5.9 4.5 4.2 4.0 5.0 12.8 12.3 13.3 4.7 9.3 4.3 4.6 5.7 4.1 3.7 3.6 4.5 12.2 10.7 13.2 4.3 8.3 3.9 4.1 5.0 3.7 3.3 3.5 4.2 11.0 11.4 10.5 4.0 8.2 3.6 3.8 4.4 3.9 3.0 3.1 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,834 380 168 208 4,453 676 3,792 2,759 1,039 882 839 1,020 3,523 344 130 217 3,179 471 2,686 2,076 776 643 657 649 3,232 343 117 225 2,890 494 2,430 1,782 685 610 487 630 6.4 12.8 15.2 11.2 6.2 9.4 5.8 5.8 6.2 5.6 5.5 5.8 5.2 8.7 9.3 8.3 5.0 7.7 4.7 4.8 6.0 4.7 3.5 4.3 5.0 10.4 11.9 9.3 4.8 9.0 4.3 4.5 5.3 4.2 3.9 3.8 4.5 10.3 10.5 10.0 4.2 6.5 4.1 4.3 4.9 3.9 4.1 3.4 4.7 11.6 11.5 11.9 4.4 6.5 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.0 4.3 3.7 4.3 11.5 10.0 12.5 4.0 6.8 3.7 3.7 4.0 3.8 3.2 3.6 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,854 1,644 798 1,139 1,090 610 1,061 1,027 493 4.1 4.5 7.7 3.4 3.3 8.5 3.2 2.9 7.9 2.9 2.9 6.8 2.5 3.0 5.9 2.3 2.8 4.8 FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,145 1,610 6,184 1,286 5,800 1,082 6.9 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.2 4.6 4.7 4.3 4.0 1 Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. 2 Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Reason Nov. 2020 Oct. 2021 Seasonally adjusted Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 July 2021 Aug. 2021 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Permanent job losers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 7,219 2,615 4,603 3,647 956 680 1,855 511 3,306 693 2,613 2,082 530 869 2,186 536 3,079 673 2,406 1,839 567 828 2,010 385 7,468 2,762 4,705 3,718 987 698 1,968 551 4,960 1,239 3,721 2,930 791 930 2,287 463 4,468 1,252 3,217 2,487 730 822 2,487 512 4,065 1,124 2,941 2,251 689 788 2,289 490 3,719 1,056 2,663 2,126 537 840 2,210 537 3,323 801 2,522 1,921 601 847 2,154 440 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 70.3 25.5 44.8 6.6 18.1 5.0 47.9 10.1 37.9 12.6 31.7 7.8 48.9 10.7 38.2 13.1 31.9 6.1 69.9 25.9 44.0 6.5 18.4 5.2 57.4 14.3 43.1 10.8 26.5 5.4 53.9 15.1 38.8 9.9 30.0 6.2 53.3 14.7 38.5 10.3 30.0 6.4 50.9 14.5 36.4 11.5 30.2 7.4 49.1 11.8 37.3 12.5 31.8 6.5 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 4.5 0.4 1.2 0.3 2.0 0.5 1.4 0.3 1.9 0.5 1.2 0.2 4.7 0.4 1.2 0.3 3.1 0.6 1.4 0.3 2.8 0.5 1.5 0.3 2.5 0.5 1.4 0.3 2.3 0.5 1.4 0.3 2.1 0.5 1.3 0.3 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Duration Nov. 2020 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 Seasonally adjusted Nov. 2020 July 2021 Aug. 2021 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,291 2,293 5,681 1,807 3,873 1,884 1,762 3,251 919 2,332 1,791 1,575 2,936 805 2,131 2,455 2,404 5,804 1,875 3,929 2,257 1,861 4,599 1,174 3,425 2,083 2,066 4,343 1,164 3,179 2,237 1,872 3,674 990 2,683 2,085 1,966 3,320 994 2,326 1,972 1,773 3,067 877 2,190 Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.0 18.8 27.7 13.1 29.6 12.8 23.0 18.9 29.5 15.2 29.6 14.7 28.4 13.3 26.7 12.0 28.9 12.7 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.3 22.3 55.3 17.6 37.7 27.3 25.5 47.1 13.3 33.8 28.4 25.0 46.6 12.8 33.8 23.0 22.5 54.4 17.6 36.8 25.9 21.3 52.8 13.5 39.3 24.5 24.3 51.1 13.7 37.4 28.7 24.1 47.2 12.7 34.5 28.3 26.7 45.0 13.5 31.6 29.0 26.0 45.0 12.9 32.1 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Employed Occupation Total, 16 years and over1............................................ . Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Management, business, and financial operations occupations.................................................... . Professional and related occupations......................... . Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and related occupations................................. . Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations....................................................... . Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Production, transportation, and material moving occupations....................................................... . Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Unemployment rates Unemployed Nov. 2020 Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 Nov. 2021 150,203 63,387 155,797 66,060 10,264 2,415 6,302 1,308 6.4 3.7 3.9 1.9 27,272 36,116 23,822 30,632 14,711 15,921 28,334 37,726 25,252 30,883 14,528 16,355 1,107 1,309 2,583 1,978 991 987 629 679 1,506 1,232 633 599 3.9 3.5 9.8 6.1 6.3 5.8 2.2 1.8 5.6 3.8 4.2 3.5 13,677 1,006 8,024 4,648 13,890 909 8,250 4,731 1,085 117 694 274 728 66 518 145 7.4 10.4 8.0 5.6 5.0 6.8 5.9 3.0 18,685 7,848 10,837 19,712 7,928 11,785 1,672 563 1,108 1,123 355 768 8.2 6.7 9.3 5.4 4.3 6.1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Industry and class of worker Total, 16 years and over1............................................................... . Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................................... . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing....................................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services.............................................. . Education and health services.................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government workers.................................................................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Nov. 2020 Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 Nov. 2021 10,264 8,289 137 732 708 400 308 1,252 591 196 343 1,027 904 1,896 502 141 722 601 6,302 5,032 50 469 478 296 182 833 455 99 196 700 555 988 209 79 415 391 6.4 6.5 19.2 7.3 4.7 4.3 5.4 6.0 8.0 8.2 3.5 5.9 3.7 15.0 8.1 8.4 3.4 5.9 3.9 3.9 8.6 4.7 3.1 3.0 3.3 4.2 5.5 4.1 2.0 3.8 2.3 7.5 3.3 5.4 1.9 3.7 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent] Not seasonally adjusted Measure U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force.................................... . Seasonally adjusted Nov. 2020 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 July 2021 Aug. 2021 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021 3.5 2.0 1.8 3.6 2.9 2.7 2.3 2.1 1.9 4.5 2.0 1.9 4.7 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.3 2.1 6.4 4.3 3.9 6.7 5.4 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.2 6.8 4.5 4.2 7.1 5.7 5.4 5.0 4.9 4.5 7.6 5.2 4.8 7.9 6.5 6.1 5.8 5.6 5.2 11.6 7.7 7.4 12.0 9.2 8.8 8.5 8.3 7.8 NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Category Nov. 2020 Men Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 Women Nov. 2021 Nov. 2020 Nov. 2021 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marginally attached to the labor force1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers2........................................ . Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . . 100,617 6,791 2,068 674 1,394 99,930 5,491 1,594 471 1,123 41,363 3,396 1,094 419 676 40,986 2,523 780 288 492 59,254 3,395 974 256 718 58,944 2,968 814 183 631 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders4............................................ . Percent of total employed......................................... . Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both full time...................... . Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,690 4.5 3,776 1,675 279 899 7,180 4.6 3,946 1,750 333 1,107 3,195 4.0 1,969 548 176 474 3,535 4.3 2,130 556 185 630 3,496 4.9 1,807 1,127 103 425 3,645 5.0 1,816 1,194 148 477 1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. 2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonally adjusted Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p 144,121 122,128 20,203 147,650 125,691 20,737 149,226 127,022 20,836 150,004 127,693 20,811 142,809 121,321 20,146 147,855 125,848 20,570 148,401 126,476 20,664 148,611 126,711 20,724 Change from: Oct.2021 Nov.2021p 210 235 60 Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599 45.7 553.1 139.8 176.7 39.3 41.6 646 43.9 602.2 141.7 185.1 42.2 42.2 653 43.4 609.4 143.3 184.9 42.5 42.8 648 43.2 604.6 141.6 184.1 42.0 43.0 597 44.9 552.5 139.4 176.2 39.3 41.9 644 43.3 600.4 140.0 182.7 42.3 42.4 647 42.7 604.3 141.0 183.1 42.4 43.0 645 42.5 602.7 139.8 183.2 42.1 43.2 -2 -0.2 -1.6 -1.2 0.1 -0.3 0.2 95.8 236.6 100.7 275.4 99.6 281.2 99.1 278.9 95.0 236.9 98.0 277.7 97.8 280.2 98.0 279.7 0.2 -0.5 Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 7,413 1,657.6 844.3 813.3 1,058.8 4,696.4 2,141.6 2,554.8 7,626 1,719.8 887.9 831.9 1,104.8 4,800.9 2,202.1 2,598.8 7,666 1,728.1 897.0 831.1 1,113.8 4,824.4 2,216.1 2,608.3 7,605 1,725.3 896.4 828.9 1,088.5 4,790.7 2,202.1 2,588.6 7,353 1,651.2 836.7 814.5 1,036.2 4,665.6 2,132.2 2,533.4 7,459 1,701.7 883.7 818.0 1,044.0 4,713.2 2,173.3 2,539.9 7,502 1,705.6 884.8 820.8 1,056.5 4,740.1 2,180.9 2,559.2 7,533 1,715.6 888.9 826.7 1,064.6 4,753.1 2,187.1 2,566.0 31 10.0 4.1 5.9 8.1 13.0 6.2 6.8 Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Semiconductors and electronic components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . Transportation equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,191 12,465 12,517 12,558 12,196 12,467 12,515 12,546 31 7,570 398.7 399.3 348.5 1,376.5 1,051.5 1,071.2 162.2 85.1 7,739 410.3 402.5 353.9 1,419.1 1,080.7 1,088.5 167.0 85.0 7,776 413.4 401.4 355.1 1,423.9 1,081.1 1,092.0 167.2 84.8 7,795 416.0 404.3 357.0 1,431.6 1,076.3 1,091.1 167.7 84.6 7,580 398.8 396.7 350.0 1,383.1 1,055.6 1,071.0 162.2 85.0 7,753 410.9 399.5 356.3 1,424.6 1,086.4 1,090.1 166.9 85.2 7,785 412.5 397.9 357.7 1,430.4 1,087.9 1,093.1 167.3 85.3 7,800 414.5 400.6 358.4 1,438.3 1,081.9 1,091.8 167.7 84.7 15 2.0 2.7 0.7 7.9 -6.0 -1.3 0.4 -0.6 367.1 422.4 373.8 428.4 374.5 430.7 374.4 429.5 367.4 422.2 374.2 429.6 375.4 430.7 374.8 430.1 -0.6 -0.6 34.4 371.8 1,595.2 905.0 354.2 34.3 380.4 1,614.6 914.9 361.4 34.8 381.6 1,633.3 936.2 361.9 34.9 385.4 1,627.7 928.4 362.3 34.2 372.1 1,594.7 906.9 355.0 34.1 380.9 1,613.1 914.5 362.2 34.5 382.3 1,629.2 933.8 361.8 34.5 385.6 1,625.4 923.7 361.5 0.0 3.3 -3.8 -10.1 -0.3 603.1 627.7 632.0 643.3 602.7 628.8 631.7 641.7 10.0 4,621 1,634.1 95.6 104.5 89.4 354.5 373.1 103.5 838.5 716.1 4,726 1,655.0 98.5 107.9 93.6 353.5 377.4 103.0 854.6 734.8 4,741 1,662.0 99.1 108.8 93.5 353.6 380.2 103.7 858.6 736.3 4,763 1,671.5 99.8 109.0 94.4 357.3 382.7 102.4 859.3 741.3 4,616 1,629.1 95.6 103.9 89.2 355.6 370.7 103.9 839.6 717.8 4,714 1,649.5 98.4 107.7 92.9 354.3 376.7 101.3 859.0 736.4 4,730 1,653.1 98.8 108.4 93.1 355.2 379.9 101.5 862.8 739.3 4,746 1,660.5 99.4 108.3 93.9 357.4 379.8 101.5 862.8 740.9 16 7.4 0.6 -0.1 0.8 2.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 1.6 311.7 347.2 345.3 344.8 310.4 338.2 338.2 341.7 3.5 Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,925 104,954 106,186 106,882 101,175 105,278 105,812 105,987 175 Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,520 27,409 27,761 28,343 26,983 27,603 27,714 27,751 37 Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 5,615.0 3,064.8 2,069.0 5,724.8 3,142.7 2,104.6 5,747.2 3,156.1 2,111.4 5,764.3 3,165.3 2,117.2 5,602.4 3,064.4 2,058.2 5,726.8 3,142.4 2,106.1 5,739.3 3,155.7 2,105.1 5,747.3 3,163.7 2,105.0 8.0 8.0 -0.1 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Seasonally adjusted Nov. 2021p Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Change from: Oct.2021 Nov.2021p Wholesale trade - Continued Electronic markets and agents and brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481.2 477.5 479.7 481.8 479.8 478.3 478.5 478.6 0.1 Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . . Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . Building material and garden supply stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters. . . . . Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,487.9 1,940.2 1,229.9 150.0 560.3 443.4 455.3 15,279.6 1,987.7 1,254.5 166.6 566.6 440.6 418.6 15,500.1 1,984.9 1,249.0 165.9 570.0 448.2 438.4 15,831.7 1,985.1 1,250.9 162.3 571.9 458.5 449.7 15,129.7 1,941.0 1,229.7 154.0 557.3 432.8 435.3 15,416.6 1,986.6 1,255.6 165.0 566.0 447.3 425.7 15,454.4 1,986.0 1,251.4 166.3 568.2 447.0 428.4 15,434.0 1,987.1 1,251.6 166.5 568.9 446.7 427.1 -20.4 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.7 -0.3 -1.3 1,363.3 3,161.3 969.5 938.5 1,029.5 1,365.4 3,071.2 1,007.1 960.0 1,035.2 1,342.4 3,102.7 1,032.8 960.5 1,060.0 1,339.8 3,138.6 1,057.9 962.8 1,114.9 1,402.8 3,139.2 950.1 937.4 966.8 1,377.1 3,088.0 1,018.5 955.3 1,062.3 1,366.0 3,106.5 1,026.7 958.2 1,062.1 1,373.3 3,115.1 1,031.1 960.5 1,044.4 7.3 8.6 4.4 2.3 -17.7 484.1 3,300.2 1,092.5 487.8 3,047.8 972.2 494.9 3,153.2 1,015.2 505.0 3,319.6 1,109.7 456.4 3,091.3 982.4 495.4 3,095.3 1,006.7 492.9 3,111.8 1,005.1 484.0 3,091.4 997.6 -8.9 -20.4 -7.5 2,207.7 779.9 622.7 2,075.6 824.3 633.9 2,138.0 833.3 648.8 2,209.9 832.9 666.9 2,108.9 773.2 603.4 2,088.6 828.8 636.3 2,106.7 828.6 640.2 2,093.8 828.9 644.4 -12.9 0.3 4.2 Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transit and ground passenger transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,876.7 392.9 143.0 58.4 1,480.5 5,870.1 457.5 142.3 60.3 1,520.4 5,977.9 465.1 142.3 58.8 1,531.1 6,210.8 468.9 142.5 57.5 1,530.3 5,711.3 394.3 143.3 59.8 1,472.8 5,923.6 458.2 142.0 59.3 1,507.8 5,983.4 467.0 142.2 58.5 1,515.7 6,033.1 470.4 142.5 59.0 1,521.3 49.7 3.4 0.3 0.5 5.6 389.5 50.3 21.2 699.2 1,173.4 1,468.3 404.7 49.5 38.3 727.8 1,004.9 1,464.4 419.3 49.6 35.9 740.5 1,014.8 1,520.5 419.7 49.8 32.7 747.5 1,208.1 1,553.8 372.7 50.2 25.1 694.5 1,063.9 1,434.7 393.5 49.5 33.0 729.0 1,074.0 1,477.3 404.4 49.5 35.1 739.0 1,072.8 1,499.2 403.5 49.7 37.6 741.5 1,099.6 1,508.0 -0.9 0.2 2.5 2.5 26.8 8.8 Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 540.0 534.5 535.9 536.4 539.5 536.4 536.5 536.1 -0.4 Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . Motion picture and sound recording industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing, hosting and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,659 758.2 2,771 769.8 2,790 772.3 2,797 776.2 2,650 755.2 2,782 770.1 2,793 773.4 2,791 774.3 -2 0.9 260.6 248.2 681.2 332.2 239.5 668.6 347.8 238.4 670.5 344.6 237.4 672.0 258.4 247.9 679.0 338.1 238.9 670.2 348.6 237.3 672.3 345.2 236.8 669.6 -3.4 -0.5 -2.7 354.2 357.0 380.4 380.4 380.9 380.2 380.6 386.0 352.7 357.0 383.3 381.2 380.0 381.6 379.8 385.7 -0.2 4.1 Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . Credit intermediation and related activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . . Activities related to credit intermediation.. . Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,763 6,542.2 20.2 8,860 6,537.5 20.2 8,907 6,564.5 20.1 8,915 6,580.3 20.1 8,756 6,532.8 20.3 8,866 6,549.2 20.2 8,892 6,561.1 20.1 8,905 6,570.4 20.2 13 9.3 0.1 2,669.2 1,751.3 1,365.3 601.2 316.7 2,660.0 1,717.3 1,327.3 619.8 322.9 2,659.1 1,715.1 1,323.6 620.8 323.2 2,660.2 1,715.6 1,322.8 620.1 324.5 2,668.9 1,754.7 1,368.3 599.9 314.3 2,665.9 1,723.9 1,332.9 619.0 323.0 2,663.6 1,721.5 1,329.3 619.9 322.2 2,661.5 1,718.9 1,326.6 619.8 322.8 -2.1 -2.6 -2.7 -0.1 0.6 971.5 2,881.3 2,220.9 1,714.3 484.0 995.3 2,862.0 2,322.3 1,771.0 529.2 1,010.4 2,874.9 2,342.4 1,791.3 528.5 1,018.3 2,881.7 2,335.0 1,791.7 520.7 971.6 2,872.0 2,223.6 1,712.5 488.6 997.6 2,865.5 2,317.0 1,773.8 520.9 1,008.1 2,869.3 2,330.7 1,779.9 528.3 1,016.9 2,871.8 2,334.1 1,784.8 526.9 8.8 2.5 3.4 4.9 -1.4 See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Seasonally adjusted Nov. 2021p Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Change from: Oct.2021 Nov.2021p Real estate and rental and leasing Continued Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 22.6 22.1 22.6 22.6 22.5 22.3 22.5 22.4 -0.1 Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer systems design and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scientific research and development services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Other professional and technical services. . . Management of companies and enterprises. . . Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . . Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Travel arrangement and reservation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investigation and security services. . . . . . . . Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Waste management and remediation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,580 9,475.6 1,125.3 966.3 1,523.7 135.1 21,207 9,885.4 1,142.5 1,005.3 1,593.9 142.6 21,603 10,036.2 1,157.1 1,023.2 1,606.6 145.6 21,708 10,101.8 1,160.6 1,049.6 1,603.1 146.6 20,391 9,466.2 1,122.8 997.6 1,521.6 134.0 21,189 9,972.4 1,148.5 1,071.6 1,592.0 143.7 21,310 10,032.3 1,153.6 1,077.9 1,594.8 144.3 21,400 10,076.1 1,156.3 1,085.5 1,596.8 145.3 90 43.8 2.7 7.6 2.0 1.0 2,203.5 2,279.5 2,313.4 2,328.7 2,190.0 2,286.6 2,298.0 2,307.5 9.5 1,550.5 1,649.9 1,694.1 1,703.0 1,535.5 1,649.6 1,670.5 1,682.5 12.0 779.3 437.5 754.4 2,339.1 8,765.7 8,315.7 525.3 153.6 3,323.0 2,713.3 819.8 828.6 451.1 792.0 2,337.2 8,984.7 8,528.5 566.3 150.9 3,438.0 2,776.6 779.1 836.8 454.8 804.6 2,341.8 9,224.9 8,761.5 571.6 153.5 3,645.5 2,963.7 788.7 842.6 457.7 809.9 2,347.1 9,259.5 8,799.2 577.0 152.1 3,686.3 3,003.4 809.1 779.9 436.2 748.6 2,339.9 8,584.8 8,134.8 523.4 153.3 3,176.2 2,558.5 800.3 835.3 453.8 791.2 2,338.5 8,877.7 8,423.6 566.0 151.8 3,395.1 2,739.2 785.6 840.1 453.8 799.2 2,343.9 8,934.0 8,474.7 569.7 152.2 3,437.7 2,785.6 781.9 843.4 455.4 803.5 2,347.8 8,975.6 8,517.1 573.6 151.8 3,461.4 2,791.8 787.6 3.3 1.6 4.3 3.9 41.6 42.4 3.9 -0.4 23.7 6.2 5.7 148.8 909.9 2,138.3 297.0 165.9 898.6 2,205.7 324.0 165.0 899.6 2,210.7 326.9 163.4 907.2 2,183.1 321.0 149.1 903.2 2,130.8 298.5 167.1 896.7 2,141.5 319.9 166.3 898.3 2,147.9 320.6 164.6 899.0 2,158.3 320.8 -1.7 0.7 10.4 0.2 450.0 456.2 463.4 460.3 450.0 454.1 459.3 458.5 -0.8 Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices of other health practitioners. . . . . Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . . Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Other ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . . Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mental health facilities. . . . . . Community care facilities for the elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . . Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Emergency and other relief services. . . . . . Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . . Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,510 3,555.5 19,954.6 15,979.5 7,708.0 2,672.1 983.8 944.2 998.8 286.2 1,516.7 23,584 3,564.7 20,019.4 15,969.5 7,864.0 2,711.5 1,023.0 998.3 1,010.9 297.4 1,505.0 23,917 3,771.3 20,146.0 16,044.2 7,933.6 2,732.8 1,029.4 1,013.2 1,013.2 299.1 1,529.8 24,006 3,803.8 20,201.8 16,078.8 7,969.6 2,743.3 1,036.7 1,023.0 1,017.5 298.8 1,531.4 23,278 3,388.2 19,889.4 15,935.4 7,680.4 2,660.1 981.2 941.3 998.4 286.3 1,508.8 23,709 3,612.9 20,095.7 15,996.9 7,881.3 2,716.6 1,025.6 1,004.7 1,012.1 298.5 1,506.7 23,768 3,624.8 20,143.3 16,039.8 7,923.3 2,728.9 1,028.1 1,012.9 1,012.8 298.8 1,526.0 23,772 3,622.5 20,149.0 16,041.9 7,940.3 2,731.3 1,031.9 1,019.7 1,015.3 299.3 1,525.7 4 -2.3 5.7 2.1 17.0 2.4 3.8 6.8 2.5 0.5 -0.3 306.2 5,148.2 3,123.3 1,443.3 614.0 317.9 5,144.9 2,960.6 1,347.3 592.8 316.1 5,153.8 2,956.8 1,351.7 590.0 318.9 5,154.5 2,954.7 1,347.9 590.4 304.3 5,136.3 3,118.7 1,439.0 613.3 317.2 5,144.1 2,971.5 1,349.8 592.9 315.8 5,149.8 2,966.7 1,356.5 590.9 317.1 5,145.9 2,955.7 1,348.1 589.8 1.3 -3.9 -11.0 -8.4 -1.1 911.1 154.9 3,975.1 2,624.8 185.4 278.7 886.2 870.5 150.0 4,049.9 2,656.3 184.1 282.3 927.2 865.7 149.4 4,101.8 2,689.2 184.6 286.1 941.9 866.2 150.2 4,123.0 2,695.5 187.9 285.7 953.9 911.5 154.9 3,954.0 2,618.7 185.1 280.1 870.1 877.8 150.9 4,098.8 2,684.9 185.6 284.9 943.3 869.6 149.7 4,103.5 2,690.7 185.6 286.7 940.5 867.7 150.1 4,107.1 2,694.4 186.9 287.4 938.4 -1.9 0.4 3.6 3.7 1.3 0.7 -2.1 Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,418 1,698.8 320.4 15,397 2,212.3 483.9 15,435 2,164.2 488.1 15,332 2,095.9 482.7 13,632 1,816.5 329.3 15,388 2,198.2 472.3 15,558 2,221.7 480.4 15,581 2,226.8 487.9 23 5.1 7.5 129.8 145.4 146.9 144.0 133.5 146.6 148.0 147.7 -0.3 See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Change from: Oct.2021 Nov.2021p Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 1,248.6 11,719.2 1,411.3 10,307.9 1,583.0 13,184.8 1,794.0 11,390.8 1,529.2 13,270.7 1,779.0 11,491.7 1,469.2 13,236.3 1,748.4 11,487.9 1,353.7 11,815.6 1,453.6 10,362.0 1,579.3 13,189.5 1,771.4 11,418.1 1,593.3 13,336.5 1,796.0 11,540.5 1,591.2 13,354.1 1,802.6 11,551.5 -2.1 17.6 6.6 11.0 Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership associations and organizations. . . 5,475 1,309.9 1,311.1 2,853.6 5,726 1,374.5 1,423.5 2,927.6 5,773 1,392.6 1,446.6 2,933.9 5,781 1,403.4 1,439.6 2,938.2 5,485 1,311.9 1,311.6 2,861.6 5,741 1,376.6 1,421.3 2,942.6 5,777 1,386.3 1,449.7 2,940.9 5,787 1,396.4 1,444.7 2,945.6 10 10.1 -5.0 4.7 Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 21,993 2,895 2,281.0 613.8 5,112 2,432.3 2,679.5 13,986 7,677.4 6,308.4 21,959 2,888 2,285.1 603.3 5,103 2,457.3 2,646.1 13,968 7,639.8 6,327.9 22,204 2,875 2,277.2 597.6 5,186 2,552.8 2,632.7 14,143 7,852.8 6,290.0 22,311 2,887 2,269.3 617.9 5,205 2,582.2 2,622.3 14,219 7,934.0 6,284.5 21,488 2,888 2,283.7 604.2 4,931 2,245.3 2,685.8 13,669 7,334.8 6,333.8 22,007 2,882 2,274.6 607.3 5,067 2,423.7 2,642.8 14,058 7,705.1 6,353.1 21,925 2,877 2,272.7 604.2 5,039 2,401.4 2,637.8 14,009 7,656.3 6,352.2 21,900 2,879 2,270.4 608.9 5,030 2,398.4 2,631.7 13,991 7,643.7 6,347.7 -25 2 -2.3 4.7 -9 -3.0 -6.1 -18 -12.6 -4.5 Industry Arts, entertainment, and recreation Continued 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. 2 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 34.8 39.9 45.0 39.0 40.3 40.5 39.8 33.7 34.5 38.6 30.9 39.0 43.1 36.9 37.8 36.7 33.4 25.7 32.4 34.8 40.5 45.4 40.1 40.5 40.6 40.2 33.6 34.4 39.3 30.8 38.5 42.2 36.9 37.5 36.7 33.3 26.2 32.2 34.7 39.9 45.0 38.7 40.3 40.5 40.1 33.7 34.5 39.4 30.9 38.6 42.1 36.9 37.6 36.7 33.3 26.3 32.2 34.8 40.0 45.2 39.0 40.4 40.5 40.1 33.7 34.7 39.3 31.4 38.0 41.8 37.0 37.5 36.7 33.3 26.4 32.2 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.................................................................. . 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.4 Industry p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities.................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services.................... . Leisure and hospitality............................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $29.61 30.23 34.47 31.97 28.99 30.51 26.45 29.47 25.47 32.76 21.15 25.48 44.37 44.40 38.79 35.44 28.86 17.09 26.69 $30.84 31.36 35.46 33.27 29.98 31.52 27.44 30.71 26.62 33.92 22.17 26.83 45.23 44.29 40.25 37.12 30.34 18.88 27.54 $30.95 31.45 35.48 33.41 30.10 31.60 27.61 30.83 26.60 34.15 21.99 26.92 45.22 44.50 40.52 37.38 30.45 19.04 27.66 $31.03 31.52 35.25 33.51 30.15 31.66 27.63 30.92 26.66 34.09 22.08 27.21 45.15 44.54 40.74 37.49 30.49 19.20 27.77 $1,030.43 1,206.18 1,551.15 1,246.83 1,168.30 1,235.66 1,052.71 993.14 878.72 1,264.54 653.54 993.72 1,912.35 1,638.36 1,466.26 1,300.65 963.92 439.21 864.76 $1,073.23 1,270.08 1,609.88 1,334.13 1,214.19 1,279.71 1,103.09 1,031.86 915.73 1,333.06 682.84 1,032.96 1,908.71 1,634.30 1,509.38 1,362.30 1,010.32 494.66 886.79 $1,073.97 1,254.86 1,596.60 1,292.97 1,213.03 1,279.80 1,107.16 1,038.97 917.70 1,345.51 679.49 1,039.11 1,903.76 1,642.05 1,523.55 1,371.85 1,013.99 500.75 890.65 $1,079.84 1,260.80 1,593.30 1,306.89 1,218.06 1,282.23 1,107.96 1,042.00 925.10 1,339.74 693.31 1,033.98 1,887.27 1,647.98 1,527.75 1,375.88 1,015.32 506.88 894.19 p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours1 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2 Industry Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Percent change from: Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.0 91.6 84.4 98.9 88.4 86.4 91.7 109.8 101.6 95.4 94.9 128.0 100.6 89.3 108.4 117.3 127.0 100.0 102.5 109.9 94.9 91.9 103.1 90.8 88.6 94.6 113.9 103.6 99.3 96.4 131.0 97.9 93.8 108.9 121.9 128.9 115.0 106.6 110.2 93.9 91.5 100.1 90.7 88.8 94.7 114.8 104.3 99.7 97.0 132.7 97.7 94.1 109.5 122.6 129.2 116.7 107.3 110.7 94.4 91.6 101.3 91.2 88.9 95.0 115.0 105.1 99.6 98.4 131.7 97.0 94.3 109.4 123.1 129.3 117.4 107.4 0.5 0.5 0.1 1.2 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.8 -0.1 1.4 -0.8 -0.7 0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.1 1 Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Percent change from: Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021p 150.0 125.1 116.8 137.3 119.2 117.1 123.1 157.2 139.5 130.7 132.7 165.9 147.5 141.2 164.1 168.4 176.3 137.8 149.9 162.1 134.5 130.8 149.0 126.6 124.1 131.7 170.0 148.7 140.9 141.3 178.9 146.4 147.8 171.0 183.3 188.2 175.2 160.9 163.0 133.5 130.3 145.3 127.0 124.6 132.6 172.0 149.7 142.5 140.9 181.7 146.0 149.1 173.1 185.6 189.3 179.3 162.6 164.2 134.5 129.7 147.5 127.9 125.1 133.2 172.8 151.1 142.1 143.6 182.3 144.6 149.6 173.9 186.9 189.6 181.8 163.5 0.7 0.7 -0.5 1.5 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.9 -0.3 1.9 0.3 -1.0 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.2 1.4 0.6 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees Industry Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods................................. . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................... . Information........................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................... . Government............................................ . 71,100 58,723 4,562 83 978 3,501 1,857 1,644 54,161 10,619 1,678.1 7,365.2 1,441.6 134.1 1,058 4,957 9,365 17,986 7,262 2,914 12,377 73,668 60,895 4,688 83 1,035 3,570 1,894 1,676 56,207 10,886 1,726.5 7,491.9 1,532.9 135.1 1,093 4,972 9,796 18,254 8,146 3,060 12,773 73,956 61,280 4,707 82 1,039 3,586 1,904 1,682 56,573 10,965 1,729.3 7,535.8 1,565.2 134.6 1,098 4,975 9,913 18,304 8,237 3,081 12,676 74,032 61,374 4,721 83 1,040 3,598 1,913 1,685 56,653 11,002 1,734.6 7,545.7 1,587.6 134.3 1,103 4,974 9,933 18,310 8,250 3,081 12,658 49.8 48.4 22.6 13.9 13.3 28.7 24.5 35.6 53.5 39.4 30.0 48.7 25.2 24.9 39.9 56.6 45.9 77.3 53.3 53.1 57.6 49.8 48.4 22.8 12.9 13.9 28.6 24.4 35.6 53.4 39.4 30.1 48.6 25.9 25.2 39.3 56.1 46.2 77.0 52.9 53.3 58.0 49.8 48.5 22.8 12.7 13.8 28.7 24.5 35.6 53.5 39.6 30.1 48.8 26.2 25.1 39.3 55.9 46.5 77.0 52.9 53.3 57.8 49.8 48.4 22.8 12.9 13.8 28.7 24.5 35.5 53.5 39.6 30.2 48.9 26.3 25.1 39.5 55.9 46.4 77.0 52.9 53.2 57.8 p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [In thousands] Industry Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing....................................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... . Wholesale trade.................................................................. . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing............................................... . Utilities............................................................................. . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services.............................................. . Education and health services.................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . 98,926 14,301 428 5,432 8,441 5,137 3,304 84,625 22,859 4,447.2 12,920.5 5,063.2 427.9 2,084 6,671 16,414 20,381 11,753 4,463 102,496 14,670 481 5,527 8,662 5,301 3,361 87,826 23,277 4,561.6 13,142.2 5,146.7 426.7 2,215 6,687 16,945 20,683 13,344 4,675 103,204 14,729 483 5,532 8,714 5,341 3,373 88,475 23,377 4,572.1 13,189.8 5,188.3 426.9 2,218 6,706 17,172 20,764 13,534 4,704 103,366 14,783 484 5,549 8,750 5,353 3,397 88,583 23,452 4,590.9 13,184.8 5,248.8 427.4 2,215 6,703 17,208 20,760 13,539 4,706 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 34.2 40.7 46.0 39.3 41.3 41.5 40.9 33.1 34.4 38.5 31.0 39.0 42.6 37.3 37.3 36.2 32.8 24.3 31.4 34.2 41.4 47.3 41.0 41.4 41.4 41.3 33.0 34.2 39.1 30.7 38.3 42.3 36.3 37.4 36.5 32.6 24.9 31.2 34.1 40.7 46.9 39.4 41.2 41.2 41.2 33.0 34.3 39.2 30.8 38.4 41.9 36.3 37.4 36.3 32.6 25.0 31.1 34.1 40.9 47.1 39.7 41.3 41.5 41.1 33.0 34.4 39.1 30.9 38.3 41.6 36.4 37.4 36.4 32.5 25.0 31.3 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.................................................................. . 4.0 4.0 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.0 Industry 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities.................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services.................... . Leisure and hospitality............................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $24.93 25.69 29.87 29.55 23.10 24.14 21.44 24.77 21.62 27.08 17.92 22.79 39.17 36.24 29.68 29.48 25.83 14.70 22.80 $26.16 26.89 31.52 30.82 24.11 25.14 22.47 26.01 22.73 28.04 18.72 24.55 40.16 36.58 30.61 31.10 27.47 16.52 23.42 $26.28 26.91 31.47 30.99 24.14 25.19 22.49 26.16 22.83 28.16 18.83 24.64 40.33 36.89 30.80 31.32 27.61 16.71 23.61 $26.40 27.02 31.59 31.11 24.24 25.34 22.50 26.27 22.98 28.16 18.86 25.15 40.33 37.03 30.95 31.46 27.75 16.67 23.74 $852.61 1,045.58 1,374.02 1,161.32 954.03 1,001.81 876.90 819.89 743.73 1,042.58 555.52 888.81 1,668.64 1,351.75 1,107.06 1,067.18 847.22 357.21 715.92 $894.67 1,113.25 1,490.90 1,263.62 998.15 1,040.80 928.01 858.33 777.37 1,096.36 574.70 940.27 1,698.77 1,327.85 1,144.81 1,135.15 895.52 411.35 730.70 $896.15 1,095.24 1,475.94 1,221.01 994.57 1,037.83 926.59 863.28 783.07 1,103.87 579.96 946.18 1,689.83 1,339.11 1,151.92 1,136.92 900.09 417.75 734.27 $900.24 1,105.12 1,487.89 1,235.07 1,001.11 1,051.61 924.75 866.91 790.51 1,101.06 582.77 963.25 1,677.73 1,347.89 1,157.53 1,145.14 901.88 416.75 743.06 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [2002=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours2 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3 Industry Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Percent change from: Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.7 88.9 104.6 106.9 80.0 80.1 79.6 119.3 110.0 101.6 101.4 149.4 93.2 88.7 117.1 132.9 142.5 104.6 98.3 116.8 92.8 120.9 113.5 82.3 82.4 81.8 123.5 111.3 105.9 102.1 149.2 92.3 91.8 117.7 138.3 143.8 121.7 102.3 117.3 91.6 120.4 109.1 82.4 82.7 81.9 124.4 112.1 106.4 102.8 150.8 91.5 91.9 118.0 139.4 144.3 123.9 102.6 117.5 92.4 121.1 110.3 83.0 83.5 82.3 124.6 112.8 106.5 103.1 152.1 90.9 92.0 118.0 140.0 143.9 124.0 103.3 0.2 0.9 0.6 1.1 0.7 1.0 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.9 -0.7 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.3 0.1 0.7 1 Nov. 2020 Sept. 2021 Oct. 2021p Nov. 2021p Percent change from: Oct. 2021 Nov. 2021p 187.9 139.9 181.8 170.6 120.9 120.7 120.6 202.8 169.9 162.4 155.6 216.8 152.4 159.2 213.8 232.9 243.0 174.6 163.3 204.2 152.8 221.6 188.8 129.8 129.4 129.9 220.3 180.8 175.2 163.8 233.1 154.7 166.2 221.7 255.8 260.7 228.3 174.6 206.0 150.9 220.3 182.6 130.1 130.0 130.1 223.2 182.9 176.8 165.9 236.5 154.0 167.8 223.7 259.6 263.0 235.2 176.5 207.3 152.9 222.6 185.3 131.5 132.0 130.8 224.4 185.3 177.1 166.6 243.6 153.1 168.7 224.7 262.0 263.5 234.7 178.7 0.6 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.1 1.5 0.5 0.5 1.3 0.2 0.4 3.0 -0.6 0.5 0.4 0.9 0.2 -0.2 1.2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
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