Full text of The Employment Situation : November 1981
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News
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Contact:
Diane W e s t c o t t
P h i l Rones
Kathryn Hoyle
(202)
(202)
523-1371
523-1944
523-1913
523-1208
United States
Department
of Labor
Washington, D.C. 20212
USDL 81-554
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS
EMBARGOED UNTIL 9:00 A.M. (EST), FRIDAY,
DECEMBER 4, 1981
Advance copies of this release are made available to the press with
the explicit understanding that, prior to '9 a.m. Eastern time: (1)
Wire services will not move over their wires copy based on information
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contact anyone outside the Bureau of Labor Statistics to ask questions
or solicit comments about information in this release.
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:
NOVEMBER 1981
Unemployment rose sharply for the second straight month and employment declined, the Bureau
of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today in releasing data on the
Nation's employment situation for November. The jobless rate was 8.4 percent, up from 8.0
percent in October and 7.5 percent in September.
Total employment—as measured by the monthly survey of households—fell
November to 98.0 million. Since July, employment has declined by 940,000.
by
190,000
in
Nonfarm payroll employment—as measured by the monthly survey of establishments—dropped by
235,000 for the second month in a row. Nearly all of this decline took place in manufacturing.
Unemployment
The unemployment rate rose 0.4 percentage point in November to 8.4 percent, its highest
point since the 1974-75 recession. Unemployment has risen each month since July, when the rate
was 7.0 percent, with particularly large increases taking place during the last 2 months.
The number of unemployed workers reached 9 million, up 485,000 from October. Most of this
rise was accounted for by workers who lost their jobs as a result of layoff or for other
reasons. There was also an increase in the number of jobless persons who had reentered the
labor force after a period of absence. Since July, unemployment has risen by 1.5 million; job
losers, who comprise about half of the total unemployed, made up about three-fourths of the
4-month increase. (See tables A-l and A-7.)
Although the November increase in unemployment affected most worker groups, it was
particularly pronounced for adult men, whose jobless rate went from 6.7 to 7.2 percent, just
below the post-World War II high of 7.3 percent reached in May 1975. The jobless rate for adult
women rose from 7.0 to 7.3 percent, while that for teenagers moved up to 21.8 percent. The rate
for white workers increased from 6.9 to 7.4 percent, while joblessness among black and other
workers was unchanged at the record high of 15.5 percent. (See tables A-l and A-2.)
As in the previous 2 months, unemployment increases were especially large for workers in
blue-collar occupations; the rate for workers in the manufacturing industries also continued to
rise sharply. The jobless rate for workers in the construction industry, at 18.2 percent, was
about unchanged in November following a large increase in the previous month. (See table A-5.)
The average duration of unemployment fell from 13.7 to 13.2 weeks, as the number of newly
unemployed workers and those who had bee'n jobless for 1 to 3 months increased over the month.
(See table A-6.)
- 2 Total Employment and the Labor Force
Total employment continued to decline in November. At 98.0 million, the employment level
was down by 940,000 since July. Adult men made up 70 percent of the July-November employment
reduction, and teenagers accounted for the remainder. The overall employment-population ratio
also edged down over the month to 57.9 percent, its lowest level in about 4 years. (See table
A-l.)
The civilian labor force grew by 290,000 in November. Over the year, the labor force has
increased by 1.6 million, with adult women accounting for most of this advance. Since last
November, the participation rate for adult women has risen a full percentage point (to 52.5
percent), while participation for adult men and teenagers has declined. (See table A-l.)
Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
I
1
1
Category
I
Civilian labor force
Total employment
Unemployment
Not in labor force
Discouraged workers
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Nonfarm payroll employment
Goods-producing industries
Service-producing industries
Average weekly hours:
Total private nonfarm
p=preliminary.
I
|
1
1
I
Monthly data
I
I
1
1
Oct. -
I 1980 |
1981
|
1981
| Nov.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 change
I III |
II | III | Sept. | Oct. | Nov. |
|
I
Thousands of persons
1104,982 1106,768 1106,4341106,2361106, 7361107,0291
293
| 97,0611 98,868 i 98,725 | 98,2701 98,217 | 98,025 |
-192
| 7,921| 7,900| 7,709| 7,9661 8,5201 9,0041
484
I 59,4931 59,377 | 60,274 | 60,648| 60,3591 60,248|
-111
|
9611 1,0181 1,050|
N.A. |
N.A.|
N.A. |
N.A.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Unemployment rates:
All workers
Adult men
Adult women.....
Teenagers
White
Black and other
Hispanic origin
Full-time workers
Quarterly averages
•
|
Percent of labor force
1
t
1
1
1
1
1
I
7.5|
7.4|
7.2|
7.5|
8.0|
8.4|
I
6.6|
6.1|
5.9|
6.2|
6.7|
7.2|
|
6.4|
6.6|
6.6|
6.8|
7.0|
7.3|
I
18.4|
19.2|
18.7|
19.3|
20.6|
21.8|
I
6.71
6.5|
6.2|
6.5|
6.9|
7.4|
|
13.9|
13.7|
14.6|
15.1|
15.5|
15.5|
|
10.8|
9.8|
9.6|
9.3|
10.9j
11.6|
.|
7.3|
7»1|
6.9|
7.2|
7«7|
8.1|
1
1
1
1
1
I
I
|
I
Thousands of jobs
| 90,2131 91,5461 91,9381 92,033|91,798p|91,561p|
| 25,3061 25,7411 25,933| 25,930125,651p|25,459p|
| 64,907| 65,805 I 66,0051 66,103|66,147p|66,102p|
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
35.21
1
35.31
1
1
1
Hours of work
1
1
1
1
35.11
34.91 35.0DI 35.ID!
1
1
1
1
N.A.=not available.
0.4
0.5
0.3
1.2
0.5
0
0.7
0.4
-237p
-192p
-45p
0.1D
- 3 Indus try Payroll Emp1oyment
Total nonagricultural payroll employment fell by 23 5,000 in November to 91.6 million,
following a decline of the same magnitude in October. Sharp employment reductions in November
occurred in the manufacturing industries and retail trade.
In manufacturing, employment
decreased by 190,000, with four-fifths of this decline in the durable goods industries.
Particularly heavy losses (about 30,000 each) took place in fabricated metals, electrical
equipment, and transportation equipment. Five other durable goods industries posted declines of
10,000 or more. Since July, manufacturing employment has fallen by 500,000. In retail trade,
pre-Christmas hiring fell short of seasonal expectations, resulting in a November decline of
85,000. (See table B-l.)
The only significant job gains in November were in services (almost 50,000) and mining
(15,000). Each of these industries has shown considerable strength over the past year.
Construction employment was about unchanged (on a seasonally adjusted basis), as was employment
in transportation and public utilities; finance, insurance, and real estate; and government.
Hours of Work
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls was about unchanged in November at 35.1 hours. (See table B-2.) This level was only
slightly below that which prevailed through the summer months.
However, the manufacturing
workweek dropped 0.2 hour to 39.3 hours, a full hour below its 1981 peak reached in May. Reduced
overtime accounted for the bulk of that 6-month decline.
The index of aggregate weekly hours—a comprehensive measure of changes in both hours and
employment—fell by two-tenths of a percent in each of the last 2 months, a result of overall
employment declines. Since July, the index has dropped by 1.1 percent to 108.2 (1977=100).
This decline was due primarily to weakness in the manufacturing sector, as the factory index
fell by more than 5 percent. (See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings
Average hourly earnings rose 0.7 percent and weekly earnings rose 1.0 percent in November,
seasonally adjusted. Before adjustment for seasonality, average hourly earnings were up 4 cents
to $7.46, a 54 cent over-the-year rise. Weekly earnings, at $261.85, increased $1.41 over the
month and $17.57 over the year. (See table B-3.)
The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 143.1 (1977=100) in November, seasonally adjusted, 0.9
percent higher than in October.
For the 12 months ended in November, the increase (before
seasonal adjustment) was 8.3 percent. The HEI excludes the effects of two types of changes
unrelated to underlying wage rate movements—fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing and
interindustry employment shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI decreased 1.4
percent during the 12-month period ended in October. (See table B-4.)
I
Revisions to Household Data Series
I
Effective with data for January 1982, population counts derived
I from the 1980 Decennial Census will be introduced into the estimation
procedures used in the Current Population Survey. Data for 1981 will
|be revised based on the new census population estimates. Provisional
adjustments in the major data series for 1980 back to 1970 will also
be made and will be introduced with the release of January 1982 data.
Explanatory Note
This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (household
survey) and the Current Employment Statistics Survey
(establishment survey). The household survey provides
the information on the labor force, total employment,
and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked
HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about
60,000 households that is conducted by the Bureau of
the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on
the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information
is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation
with State agencies. The sample includes approximately
166,000 establishments: employing about 35 million
people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually collected for and relate to a particular week. In
the household survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is
the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the
month, which is called the survey week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond
directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of
technical factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable
variance in results between a survey of a sample and a
census of the entire population. Each of these factors is
explained below.
Coverage, definitions and differences between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are
selected so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Those who hold
more than one job are classified according to the job at
which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work
at all as paid civilians; worked in their own business or
profession or on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or
more in an enterprise operated by a member of their
family, whether they were paid or not. People are also
counted as employed if they were on unpaid leave
because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor
and management, or personal reasons.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of
their eligibility for unemployment benefits or public
assistance, if they meet all of the following criteria:
They had no employment during the survey week; they
were available for work at that time; and they made
specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
prior 4 weeks. Also included among the unemployed are
persons not looking for work because they were laid off
and waiting to be recalled and those expecting to report
to a job within 30 days.
The civilian labor force equals the sum of the number
employed and the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the percentage of unemployed people in the
civilian labor force. Table A-4 presents a special grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force.
The definitions are provided in the table. The most
restrictive definition yields U-l, and the most comprehensive yields U-7. The official unemployment rate
isU-5.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment
survey only counts wage and salary employees whose
names appear on the payroll records of nonagricultural
firms. As a result, there are many differences between
the two surveys, among which are the following:
—-The household survey, although based on a
smaller sample, reflects a larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture, the
self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private
household workers;
—The household survey includes people on unpaid
leave among the employed; the establishment survey
does not;
-—The household survey is limited to those 16 years
of age and older; the establishment survey is not limited
by age;
—The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once;
in the establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one
payroll would be counted separately for each
appearance.
Other differences between the two surveys are
described in ''Comparing Employment Estimates from
Household and Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS upon request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over a course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events
as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing
of schools. For example, the labor force increases by a
large number each June, when schools close and many
young people enter the job market. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large; over the course of a
year, for example, seasonality may account for as much
as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in
unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical
trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from
month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in economic activity or
increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. To return to the school's-out example, the large number of people entering the labor
force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to
determine if the level of economic activity has risen or
declined. However, because the effect of students
finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics
for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is
made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more
useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic
activity.
Measures of civilian labor force, employment, and
unemployment contain components such as age and sex.
Statistics for all employees, production workers,
average weekly hours, and average hourly earnings include components based on the employer's industry. All
these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the components
and combining them. The second procedure usually
yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted
figure for the civilian labor force is the sum of eight
seasonally adjusted employment components and four
seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the
total for unemployment is the sum of the four
unemployment components; and the official unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of
total unemployment by the estimate of the civilian labor
force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June
period and again for the July-December period. The
January revision is applied to data that have been
published over the previous 5 years. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment
are calculated only once a year, along with the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussed at the end
of the next section.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to sampling error, that is, the
estimate of the number of people employed and the
other estimates drawn from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the amount
of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard
errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey,
and other factors. However, the numerical value is
always such that the chances are 68 out of 100 that an
estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than
the standard error from the results of a complete census.
The chances are 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on
the sample will differ by no more than 1.6 times the
standard error from the results of a complete census. At
the 90-percent level of confidence-the confidence limits
used by BLS in its analyses-the error for the monthly
change in total employment is on the order of plus or
minus 279,000; for total unemployment it is 194,000;
and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19
percentage point. These figures do not mean that the
sample results are off by these magnitudes but, rather,
that the chances are 90 out of 100 that the "true" level
or rate would not be expected to differ from the
estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced
when the data are cumulated for several months, such
as quarterly or annually. Also, as a general rule,
the smaller the estimate, the larger the sampling
error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the estimate
of the size of the labor force is subject to less
error than is the estimate of the number unemployed.
And, among the unemployed, the sampling error for the
jobless rate of adult men, for example, is much smaller
than is the error for the jobless rate of teenagers.
Specifically, the error on monthly change in the jobless
rate for men is .24 percentage point; for teenagers, it is
1.06 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most
current months are based on incomplete returns; for this
reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the
tables. When all the returns in the sample have been
received, the estimates are revised. In other words, data
for the month of September are published in
preliminary form in October and November and in final
form in December. To remove errors that build up over
time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes
can be measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries and allow for
the formation of new establishments.
Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's
employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide
variety of data in this news release. More comprehensive
statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings,
published each month by BLS. It is available for $3.25
per issue or $28.00 per year from the U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20204. A check or
money order made out to the Superintendent of
Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of the standard errors for the household survey
data published in this release. For unemployment and
other labor force categories, the standard errors appear
in tables B through J of its "Explanatory Notes."
Measures of the reliability of the data drawn from the
establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision
due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables
M, P, Q, and R of that publication.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
adjuttad
Employment, statin, tax, and aft
Nov.
1980
Oct.
1981
Nov.
1981
July
1981
Nov.
1980
&ug.
1981
Sept.
1981
Oct.
198 1
I'D
V.
1981
TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces'
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2 • •
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
167,201
2 , 119
165,082
105,287
63.8
97,801
58.5
3,214
94,586
7,486
7.1
59,795
169,252
2,158
167,095
106,926
64.0
98,902
58.4
3,517
95,385
8,024
7.5
60,169
169,435
2 , 158
167,277
106,864
167,201
2 , 119
165,082
105,285
63.9
98,393
6 3.8
97,339
58.1
3,238
95,155
8,470
58.2
3,340
7.9
60,413
93,999
7,946
7.5
59,797
168,685
2,139
166,546
106,464
63.9
98,962
58.7
,
3,258
95,704
7,502
7.0
60,082
168,855
2,160
166,695
106,602
64.0
98,944
58.6
3,370
95,574
7,657
7.2
60,093
169,049
2,165
166,884
106,236
63.7
98,270
58.1
3,310
94,959
7,966
7.5
60,648
16 9 , 2 5 2
2, 158
167, 095
106,736
6 3.9
98,217
58.0
3,337
94,880
8,520
8.0
60,3*9
16^,435
2,158
167,277
107,029
64. 0
98,025
57.9
3,3(3
94,662
9,004
8.4
60,248
Man, 16 yean and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3 . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
80,091
1,954
78,137
59,972
76.8
55,826
69,7
81,051
1,976
79,075
60,443
76.4
56,269
69.4
4,146
4,174
6.9
6.9
71,768
1,673
72,915
1,707
71,208
81,136
1,974
79,162
60,334
76.2
55,668
68.6
4,666
7.7
80,091
1,954
78^137
60,388
77.3
55,897
69.8
4,491
7-4
80,783
1,960
78,823
80,863
60,473
76.7
56,494
69.9
3,979
6-6
60,584
76.8
56,368
69.7
4,216
7.0
60,699
72,586
1,692
70,894
72,687
1,709
70,978
72,798
1,713
71,086
55,957
56,045
79.0
52,724
72.5
2,402
50,323
1,980
78,884
80,955
1,983
78,972
76.9
56,349
69.6
4,349
7.2
81,051
1,976
79,075
60,734
76.8
56,046
69.1
4,688
7.7
81,13o
1,974
79,162
60,851
76 .9
55,783
68.8
5,068
9.3
Men, 20 yean and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3 . .
Agriculture,
NonaoricuHural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
70,095
55,408
79.0
52,199
72.7
2,375
49,824
3,209
56,065
78.7
52,733
72.3
2,495
50,239
3,332
5.8
5.9
87,110
165
86,945
45,315
52.1
41,975
48.2
3,340
7.4
88,201
181
88,020
46,482
52.8
42,633
48.3
3,850
8.3
73,020
1,689
71,331
55,970
78.5
52,303
71.6
71,768
1,673
2,360
49,943
3,667
6.6
70,095
55,539
79.2
52,007
7 2.5
2,372
49,635
3,532
6.4
88,299
87,110
78- 9
52,811
72.8
2,329
50,482
3,147
5-6
3,321
.5.9
52,608
72.3
2,, 3 4 3
72,915
1,707
71,208
56,100
78.8
52,327
71.3
2,388
73,020
1,6 89
71,331
56,194
78.8
52,151
71 . 4
2 , 3 58
50,264
3,455
6.2
49,939
3,773
6.7
49 ,794
4,043
7.2
88,094
182
87,912
45,537
51.8
41,920
88,201
181
88,020
88,299
184
88,115
46,178
52 . 4
42,241
47.8
56,063
78.9
Woman, IB yean and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3 . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
51.6
87,901
179
87,723
45,991
52.4
41,442
42,467
48.4
3,804
8.2
47.6
3,455
7.7
48. 3
3,524
7.7
80,248
154
80,366
155
80,095
80,211
42,572
53.1
78,979
137
78,842
184
88,115
46,530
52.8
42,726
165
86,945
44,897
87,991
180
87,811
46,018
52.4
42,577
48.4
3,441
7.5
47.6
3,617
7.9
46,002
52.3
42,174
47.8
3,831
8.3
3,9 36
8 .5
Woman, 20 yeen and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population1!
Civilian labor force
Participation rata
Employed
Employment-population ratio3 . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
78,979
137
78,842
41,150
52.2
38,497
48.7
532
37,964
2,653.
6.4
42,515
53.1
39,497
39,579
49.2
608
49.2
661
38,836
38,971
3,018
7.1
2,992
7-0
16,089
16,049
297
15,792
314
15,735
8,322
52.9
6,511
79,889
150
79,999
80,122
154
79,968
41,395
51.8
38,576
48.1
80,248
154
48.0
574
37,335
2*720
41,879
52.5
39,082
48.9
575
38,507
2,797
151
79,848
41,857
52.4
39,155
48.9
601
38,554
2,701
6.7
6.7
6.5
6.8
16,454
309
16,210
16,145
9,117
15,913
8,628
54.2
16,169
300
15,869
8,700
54.8
16,129
298
15,831
8,778
55.4
7,065
43.7
368
6,697
1,635
7,086
36 4
6,722
1,692
366
6,565
18.8
19.3
20.6
40,629
51.5
37,909
79,739
603
37,973
2,819
80,366
155
80,211
42,113
52.5
3 9 , 0 50
48.6
80,095
41,911
52.3
38,958
48.5
583
38,376
3 8 , 3 95
2,953
7.0
3,062
7.3
16,089
16,049
314
15,735
8,722
55 . 4
6,923
42.5
350
6 55
Both sexes, 16-19 yeert
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3 . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
1
The population and Armed Forces figures are not
identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally
16,454
309
16,145
8,730
54.1
7,105
43.2
308
6,798
1,625
18.6
ne* variatJoi
8,345
52-8
6^671
4.1.5
361
6,311
1,674
20.1
40.6
270
6,241
1,811
21.8
56.5
7,-423
45.1
394
7 , 029
1,694'
18.6
297
7,069
43.6
354
6,715
1,559
18.1
43.9
297
15,792
8,724
55.2
6,931
43.1
1,79 3
6,473
1,899
21 . 8
QMNMLfl tIRplOyVVIeM'Vt a{ • percent of trie tool nenfctttaJttonaJ population (induolnt Armed
Forces).
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status, raoa, tax, and age
Nov.
1980
Oct.
1981
Nov.
1981
Nov.
1980
July
1981
Aug.
1981
Sept.
1981
Oct.
1981
WHITE
Total noninttitutional population1
Armed Forces'
Civilian noninttitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-populatio* ratio 2 . . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
145,995
1r636
144,359
92,585
64.1
86,785
59. 4
5,801
6.3
147,524
1,654
145,871
93,957
64.4
87,894
59.6
6,063
5.5
147,656
1,649
146,007
93,920
64,3
87,365
59,2
6,555
7.0
145,995
1,636
144,359
92,562
64. 1
86,409
59.2
6 , 153
6.6
147,105
1,641
145,464
93,767
64.5
87,979
59.8
5,787
6,2
147,232
1,657
145,575
93,789
64.4
88,046
59.8
5,743
6.1
147,374
1,659
145,715
93,355
64. 1
87,329
59.3
6,026
6,5
147,524
1,654
145,871
93,845
64. 3
87,344
59.2
6,501
6.9
Man. 20 year* and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio* . . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
49,355
79.6
46,837
74.0
2,519
5.1
4 9 , 8 69
79.3
47,312
73.7
2,557
5.1
49,820
79.1
46,977
73.0
2,843
5.7
49,481
79.8
46,684
73.7
2,797
5,7
49,952
79.7
47,501
74.2
2,451
4.9
49,898
79.5
47,338
73.9
2,561
5.1
49,888
79.4
47, 231
73.6
2,658
5.3
U9,932
79.4
46, 983
73.1
2,94 9
5.9
Woman, 20 yean and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rata
Employed
Employment-population ratio3 . . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
35,444
51.6
33,448
48.6
1,996
5.6
36,627
52.5
34,398
49.3
2,229
6.1
36,675
52.5
34,404
49.2
2, 271
6,2
34,972
50.9
32,94 4
47.9
2,028
5.8
36,106
52.0
34 , 0 1 1
48.9
2,095
5.8
36,047
51.8
34,087
49.0
1,960
5.4
35,643
51.2
33,603
48.2
2,040
b. 7
36,180
51.9
33,990
48.7
2,190
6. 1
7,786
57.3
6,500
47.0
1,286
16.5
18.6
14.3
7,461
56.4
6,184
45.9
1,276
17.. 1
16.9
17.3
7,425
56.3
5,98 3
44.6
1*441
19.4
20.8
17.8
8,109
59.7
6,781
49.1
1,328
16.4
17.7
14.9
7,709
57.7
6,467
47.6
1,242
16. 1
16.1
16.2
7,843
58.9
6,621
48.9
1,222
15.6
16.1
15.0
7,823
59.0
6 , 4 95
48. 1
1,328
17.0
17.2
16.8
7,733
58.4
6,371
47.3
1, 362
17.6
17.5
17.7
Both sexes, 16-19 yean
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3 . . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
BLACK AND OTHER
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forcesi
Civilian noninttitutional population1
Civilian labor force
,
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 1 . . . .
Unemployed.
Unemployment rata
21,206
483
20,723
12,702
61.3
11,016
51.9
1,686
13.3
21,728
504
21,224
12,969
61.1
11,008
50.7
1,961
15.1
21,779
509
21,270
12,944
60.9
11,029
50.6
1,915
14„8
21,206
483
20,723
12,706
61.3
10,922
51.5
1,784
14.0
21,579
498
21,081
12,658
60.0
10,939
50.7
1,719
13.6
21,623
503
21,120
12,793
60.6
10,877
50-3
1,916
15^0
21,675
506
2 1 , 169
12,872
60.8
10,924
5Q.4
1,94 8
15.1
21,728
5 04
21,224
12,913
60.8
10,905
50.2
2,008
15.5
Man, 20 yean and ovar
Civilian labor force
Participation rata
Employed
Employment-population ratio3 . . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
6,052
75.0
5,362
63.5
690
11.4
6,197
74.8
5,422
62.5
775
12.5
6,150
7*C0
5,326
61.2
824
13.4
6,042
74.9
5,315
63.0
727
12.0
6,028
73.3
5,326
61.9
702
11.6
6,136
7 4.5
5,373
62.3
763
12.4
6,170
74.7
5,366
62.0
804
13.0
6,157
74.3
5,337
61.5
820
13.3
Woman, 20 yean and ovar
Civilian labor force
Participation rata
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
5,706
56.5
5,049
49.8
657
11.5
5,888
56.7
5,100
48.9
788
13.4
5,897
56.7
5,175
49.5
721
12.2
5,652
56.0
4„965
49.0
687
12.2
5,729
55.6
5,040
48.8
689
12.0
5,751
55.7
5,012
48.4
739
12.8
5,767
55.7
4,974
47.9
793
13.7
5,787
55.8
5,015
48. 1
772
13.3
943
36.8
60 5
23.0
339
35.9
35.6
36.3
885
34.5
487
18*5
3 98
45*0
40.5
49.1
897
35. 1
528
20.1
370
41.2
40.3
•42* 1
1,012
39.5
642
24.4
370
36.6
3S..9
37.4
901
35.. 2
573
21.8
328
36.4
3a.6
33.8
906
3 5.4
492
18.7
414
45.7
47.1
4JU0
935
36.. 5
584
22.2
351
37.5
36.3
38.9
970
37.9
554
21. 1
416
42.9
39.9
45.7
Both aaxet, 16-19 yean
Civilian labor force
Participation rata
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
1
The population and Armed Forces figurai ara not adjuatad for w o n t ! variation*; therefore,
identical number* appear in tha unadjusted and seasonally adjusted eoiumna.
3
Civilian employment « a paroant of tha total noninttitutional population tindudtnf Armed
Forces).
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Selected employment indicators
(in thousands)
Catagory
Oct.
1981
Nov.
198 1
98,270
38,169
23,174
4,915
98,217
38,059
23,399
4,947
98,025
37,798
23,326
4,948
52,123
16,299
11,217
6,369
18,238
31,113
12,508
10,501
3,499
4,605
13,002
2,732
51,826
16,254
11,341
6,295
17,937
30,637
12,202
10,334
3,453
4,649
13,093
2,717
52,104
16,347
11,434
6,225
18,099
30,222
12,124
10,187
3,530
4,381
13,231
2,752
51,935
16,284
11,210
6,269
18,172
2 9 , 9 04
12,096
9 , 9 13
3,364
4,531
13,419
2,791
1,457
1,568
235
1,472
1,629
250
1,416
1,649
254
1,470
1,616
264
1,395
1,631
3 33
86,643
15,651
70,992
1 , 148
69,844
6,943
405
88,291
15,349
72,942
1,211
71,731
6,886
389
88,189
15,140
73,048
1,236
71,812
6,942
378
87,457
15,111
72,346
1,052
71,294
7,093
39 2
87,556
15,151
72,405
1,114
71r291
7,033
448
87,265
15,066
72,199
1,173
71,026
7,001
4 23
88,694
72,265
4,176
1,620
2,556
12,253
90,837
74,232
4,225
1,632
2,593
12,380
89,823
72,932
4,187
1,654
2,533
12,704
88,886
72,192
4,537
1,675
2,862
12,157
89,448
72,187
5,026
2,023
3,003
12,235
89,359
7 2 , 2 76
4,988
1,898
3,090
12,094
Nov.
1980
Nov.
1981
Nov,
1980
July
1981
Aug.
1981
97,801
38,369
23,637
4,750
98,393
37,987
23,862
4,988
97,339
38,167
23,065
4,707
98,962
38,283
23,820
4,847
98,944
38,315
23,683
4,895
51 558
16 , 0 3 3
11 , 0 1 6
6 2 53
18 , 2 5 5
30 , 7 7 7
12 , 4 6 9
10 , 5 0 9
3 ,505
4, 2 9 3
12 , 8 5 4
2 ,612
52,28 1
16,447
11,165
6,369
18,299
30,085
12,120
10,141
3,448
4,377
13,357
2,670
51,148
15,863
11,016
6,155
18,114
30,550
12,424
10,247
3,429
4,450
12,888
2,729
51,857
15,966
11,418
6,220
18,254
31,038
12,575
10,567
3,481
4,415
13,284
2 , 6 89
1,332
1,602
281
1,324
1,623
291
1,417
1,612
324
87,332
15,888
71,444
1,186
70,258
6,889
3 65
87,807
15,292
72,514
1,198
71,316
6,966
382
91,095
73,668
3,902
1,532
2,370
13,525
91,642
73,649
4,665
1,788
2,877
13,328
Sept.
1981
CHARACTERISTIC
Total employed, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers.
Self-employed workers. .
Unpaid family workers. .
Nonagriculturai industries:
Wage and salary workers.
Government
Private industries. . . .
Private households.
Other industries . .
Self-employed worker!. .
Unpaid family workers. .
PERSONS AT WORK 1
Nonagriculturai industries
Full-time schedules
Part tima for economic reasons . . .
Usually work full time
Usually work part time
Part time for noneconomic reasons.
1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons as
vacation, illness, or industrial disputes.
Table A-4. Range off unemployment measures based on varying definitions off unemployment and the labor fforpe,
seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
III
U-1
Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the civilian labor forca
U-2
Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force
U-3
Unemployed persons 25 years and ovar as a percent of the civilian laber forca 25 years and over.
U-4
Unemployed full-time jobseekers as a percent of the fuH-time labor force
U-6
Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor forca (official measure)
U-6
Total full-time jobseekers plus % part-time jobseekers plus K total on part tima for economic
reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less % of the part-time labor force
U-7
N.A. - not available.
IV
II
2.0
2.2
2.1
4.1
4.0
3.7
5.5
5.4
5.2
7,3
7.3
7,1
7,1
7.5
7,5
7^4
7.4
9.6
9.6
9.4
9.3
10.5
10.5
10.5
10.2
Total full-time jobsaekars plus V4 part-time jobseekers plus % total on part time for
economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of tha civilian labor forca plus
discouraged workers lass % of the part-tima labor force
1981
1981
1980
2.1
3.8
5^2
III
Sept.
Oct.
• ov.
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.2
3.7
4.1
4.1
4.5
5,2
5.4
5.8
6.1
6.9
7.2
7.7
8. 1
7.2
7,5
8.0
8.4
9*6
10.%
10.8
9.3
10.2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Major unemployment Indicators, seasonally adjusted
No?.
1980
Nov.
1981
Nov.
1980
July
1981
Aug.
1981
Sept.
1981
Oct.
1981
Nov.
1981
7.0
5.6
6.7
18.1
7.2
5.9
6-5
18.8
7.5
6.2
6.8
19.3
8.0
6.7
7.0
20.6
8.4
7.2
7.3
21.8
3.9
5.3
9.8
4.3
5.9
10.6
4.7
6..1
10.7
5.1
6.6
10.9
CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16 yaart and owar
Man, 20 yaart and over
Woman, 20 yean and ovar
Both sexes, 16-19 yaart
7,946
3,532
2,720
1,694
9,004
4,043
3,062
1,899
7.5
6-,4
6.7
18.6
Married man, tpouta prs
Married woman, tpouta pratant
Woman who maintain familial
1,761
1,437
513
2,044
1,654
606
4.4
5.9
9.9
Full-time workaa
Part-time worker*
Labor force time loct1
6,632
1,312
7,403
1>, 580
7.4
8.6
8.3
6.7
9-3
7.9
6.7
9.7
7.9
7*2
9.6
8.5
7.7
9.5
9. 1
2 , 0 68
414
273
312
1,069
3,674
951
1,531
4 07
785
1,162
11U
2,301
444
342
342
1,173
4,019
1,103
1,636
4 05
875
1,459
182
3»9
2.5
2„4
4^,8
5.6
10.7
7.1
13.0
10.6
15.0
8.3
4.0
4.1
2.8
2.7
5.1
5.7
9.4
6.7
11.1
6.9
14.2
8.0
4.5
3.9
2.4
2.8
4.7
5.6
9.3
6.9
11.0
7.9
12.9
8.9
5.6
4*1
2.8
2.7
5*2
5.7
10.2
7.6
11.5
8.9
14*4
8.9
3.7
4.1
2.6
2.7
4.9
6.1
11.0
8.4
12.8
7.9
15.7
9.3
6*1
6,028
756
2,023
1,247
776
2 76
1,576
1,288
6 81
160
6 , 6 75
904
2,130
1,288
842
316
1,731
1,502
841
235
7,8
14.8
8.9
9.0
8.6
4-9
8.2
5.5
4.2
10. 1
7.2
15.0
7.3
7.3
7.3
4.0
7.9
5.6
4.5
10.3
7.2
16.7
7.0
6.4
7.9
4.8
7.8
5.6
4.4
12.6
7.6
16..3
7.8
7.6
8.0
4.0
8.6
5.9
4.6
TO.6
8.1
18.0
8.6
8.6
8.6
4.6
8.3
6*3
4.6
13.3
3,
5.
11.
OCCUPATION 3
White-collar worker*
Profeetional and technical
Managers and administrator*, except farm . . .
Seles workert
Clerical worker*
Blue-collar worker*
Craft and kindred worker*
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
4.2
2.7
3.0
5.2
6.1
11 . 8
8.4
14.2
10.7
16.2
9.8
6.1
INDUSTRY 3
Nonagrkurtural private wage and salary worker*'
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Ti
W
Finance and service industries . . .
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers.
1
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for
cent of potentially available labor force hours.
3
Unemployment by occupation indudat all experienced unemployed
industry covert only unemployed wage and salary workers.
Includes mining, not shown separately.
that by
Table A-6. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not saaaonaajy
Nov.
1981
Nov.
1980
July
1981
Aug.
1981
Sept.
1981
Oct.
1981
NOT.
1980
3,011
2,430
2,045
1,031
1,014
3,659
2,749
2,062
1,041
1,021
3,108
2., 524
2^,329
1,213
1,116
3,187
2,196
2,100
1,068
1,032
3,161
2,.3 45
2,194
1,059
1,135
3,383
2,489
2,212
1,151
1,06 1
3,652
2,605
2,251
1,156
1,095
3,815
2,861
2,330
1,213
1,117
13.3
7.2
13.0
6.5
13.6
7.7
13.9
7.0
14.5
7.0
13.7
7.0
13.7
6.7
13.2
6.9
100.0
40.2
32.5
27.3
13.8
13.5
100.0
43.2
32-5
24.3
12.3
12. 1
100.0
39-0
31.7
29.3
15.2
14.0
100.0
42.6
29.3
28.1
14.3
13.8
100.0
41.0
30.5
28.5
13.8
14.7
100.0
41.8
30. 8
27.4
14.2
13.1
ioa.o
100.0
42 . 4
31.8
25.9
13.5
12.4
Nov.
1981
DURATION
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
27 weeks and over
Average (meen) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Lett than 5 weeks
5 to 14 week*
15 to 26 week*
|
42.9
30.6
26.5
13.6
12.9
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Reason for unemployment
(Numbers In thousands)
Nov.
1930
Nov.
1981
Nov.
1980
July
1981
Auq.
198 1
Sept.
1981
Oct.
1981
Nov.
198 1
3,900
1,217
2,683
4,451
1,520
2,931
894
2,219
4,229
1,453
2,776
3,691
1 , 178
2,513
897
1,896
890
898
2,022
873
3,929
1,205
2,724
838
1,939
4,338
1,412
2,925
889
1,949
4,422
1,607
2,815
962
2,172
944
953
987
4 , 7 86
1,790
2,996
3 86
2,311
9 77
100.0
53.5
18.4
35.1
11.3
24.0
11.2
100.0
49.3
15.7
33.6
12.0
27.0
11.7
100.0
51.4
15.7
35.6
11.0
25.4
12.3
100.0
51.8
18.8
33.0
11 . 3
25.4
11 . 6
100.0
53.4
20.0
33.4
9 .9
25.8
10.9
4.0
.9
3.5
.8
3.7
1.8
.8
1.9
.8
1.8
.9
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Lost last job
On layoff
Other job losers
U f t last job
Reentered labor force
Seeking first job
904
1,849
833
906
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
100.
52.
16.
35.
12.
24,
11.
100,
52.
17.
34.
10.
26,
10.
100.
53.
17.
36.
10,
24.
11.
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OP THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
3.7
.9
1.8
.8
2.1
.8
4. 1
.8
1.8
.9
4.1
.9
2.0
.9
2.2
.9
Table A-8. Unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
mptoyment rates
Sex and ate
Nov.
1980
Total, 16 years and o v e r . . .
16 to 24 years.
16to19years.
16to 1 7 y e a r s . . . .
18 to 19 years.
20 to 24 years
26 years and over
26 to 64 years
56 years and over
Men, 16 years and over..
16 to 24 years.
16tDl9years.
16 to 17 years. .
18 to 19 years..
20 to 24 years.
26 years and over
26 to 64 years.
56 years and over . .
Women, 16 years and over.
16 to 24 years.
16 to 19 years.
16 to 17 years...
18 to 19 years...
20 to 24 years.
26 years and over
26 to 54 years.
66 years and over . .
Nov.
1981
7,946
3,567
1,694
794
893
1,873
4,342
3,874
.
489
9,004
3,914
1,899
808
1,084
2,015
5,034
4,525
538
4,491
2,054
959
450
504
1,095
5,068
2,233
1,025
435
587
1,208
2,406
Nov.
1980
7.5
14.5
July
1981
5.9
3*3
7.0
13.7
18.1
19.3
17.7
11.3
5.1
5.4
3.5
2,790
7.4
15.6
19.8
22.3
17.8
13.2
5.1
13,8
18.4
19.8
17.8
11.3
4.7
2,149
293
2,514
317
5.6
3.3
4.9
3.4
3,455
1,513
735
344
3,936
7.7
13.6
17.7
389
497
778
807
2,244
2,011
222
7.7
13.2
17.2
20.3
15.1
10.8
5.8
1,936
1,725
196
1,681
874
373
18.6
21.4
1.6.5
12..1
5.4
6.2
3.4
6.6
18.7
17.5
11.3
5.7
6. 1
3.7
Auq.
1981
7.2
14.3
18.8
20.5
17.4
11.8
5.1
5..4
3.5
7.0
15.2
19.7
21.5
18.1
12.7
4.8
5.0
3.4
7.5
13.4
17.8
19.5
16.8
10*8
5.5
5.9
3.6
Sept.
1981
7.5
14.7
19.3
21.2
18.1
12.1
5.4
5.8
3.8
7.2
15.2
19.3
Oct.
1981
8.0
15.6
20.6
21.4
19,9
12.8
5.8
6.1
3.9
7.7
16.0
21.2
19.7
20.6
18.1
12.9
5.0
5.5
3.5
19.1
13.9
5.5
5.9
3.8
7.9
21.1
18.1
11.2
8.3
15.1
21.5
22.4
20.8
11.5
5.9
6.3
4.4
4.1
14.2
19.3
6.1
6^5
Nov.
1981
8.4
16.2
21.8
23.1
20.7
13.0
6.1
6.6
3.7
8.3
17.3
22.0
23.0
21.2
14 . 6
5.8
6.4
3.6
6.9
3.8
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Employment status of the black and Hispanic-origin population
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment status
Nov.
1980
Nov.
1981
Nov.
1980
July
1981
Aug.
1981
Sept.
1981
Oct.
1981
Nov.
1981
17,579
10,710
60.9
9,174
1,536
14.3
6,869
17,952
10,927
60.9
9,173
1r754
16.1
7,025
17,579
10,716
61.0
9,097
1 , 619
15.1
6,863
17,828
10,654
59.8
9,118
1,536
14.4
7,174
17,852
10,764
60.3
9,016
1,748
16.2
7,088
17,886
10,900
60.9
9,119
1,781
16.3
6 , 986
17,923
10, 920
60.9
9 , 0 92
1,82 8
16.7
7 , 003
17,952
10,936
60.9
9,104
1,833
16.8
7,016
8,82U
5,643
64.0
5,088
555
9.8
3,181
9,188
5,902
64.2
5,247
655
11.1
3,287
8,824
5,696
64.6
5,116
580
10.2
3 , 128
8,950
5,656
63.2
5,096
559
9.9
3,294
9,050
5,665
62.6
5,116
549
9.7
3,385
9,098
5,757
63.3
5,224
533
9.3
3,34 1
9 , 189
5,878
64.0
5,238
640
10.9
3,311
9,188
5,970
65.0
5,279
6 92
11.6
3,218
BLACK 1
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
HISPANIC ORIGIN 1
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
1
Data relate to black workers only. In the 1970 census, they constituted about 88 percent of the
"black and other" population group.
census, approximately 98 percent of t
Table A-10. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Unemployed
Employed
Total, 25 years and o v r .
25 to 39 years. . .
25 to 29 years. . .
30 to 34 years. . .
35 to 39 year*. . . .
40 years and over . . .
NOV.
1980
Nov.
1981
Nov.
1980
Nov.
1981
Nov.
1980
Nov.
1981
8,401
7,323
1,625
3,531
2,167
1,078.
8,638
7,300
1,401
3,200
2,699
1,338
7,972
7,033
1,529
3,406
2,098
939
8,190
7,015
1,304
3,082
2 , 6 29
1,175
7,514
6,611
1,395
3,217
1,999
903
7,661
6,538
1,155
2,891
2,492
1,123
458
422
134
189
99
36
15,028
6,812
4,597
3,619
15,809
7,056
5,165
3,588
14,173
6,326
4,355
3,492
14,739
6,479
4,865
3,395
855
486
242
127
NOV.
1980
Nov.
1980
Nov.
1981
529
477
149
191
137
52
5.7
6.0
8.8
5.5
4.7
3.8
6.5
6.8
11 . 4
6.2
5.2
4,4
1,070
577
300
193
5.7
7.1
5.3
3.5
6,8
8.2
5.8
5.4
Nov.
1981
NONVETERANS
Total, 25 to 39 years .
25 to 29 years. . . .
30 to 34 years. . . .
35 to 39 years. . . .
15,791
7,214
4,797
3,780
16,669
7,490
5,405
3,774
NOTE: Vietnam-era veterans are males Who served in She Armed Forces between August 5, 1964
and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are males who have nmm served in the Armed Forces; published data are
limited to those 25 to 39 years of aga, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the
population. Data for 2TMo-24-yeer-o»d «
disappearing (into the 25-29 aga category) i
: their continued publication.
not large enough to
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Tabta A-11.
Employmant status of tha noninstitutional population for tha tan largast Statas
[Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjuitad
State and amploymant ttatui
California ,
Civilian noninstitutional population'
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate • • • • • • •
Nov.
1980
Oct.
1981
Nov.
1981
Nov.
1980
July
1981
Aug.
1981
17,236
11,325
10,540
785
6.9
17,521
11,485
10,607
878
7.6
17,546
11,506
10,6.08
898
7.8
17,236
11,312
10,497
815
7.2
17,444
11,340
10,521
819
7.2
17,466
11,397
10,62 9
768
6.7
7,044
3,989
3,766
223
5.6
7,225
4,192
3,864
328
7.8
7,241
4,165
3,850
314
7.5
7,044
4,023
3,799
224
5.6
7,175
4,125
3,880
245
5.9
8,345
5,522
5,062
460
8.3
8,391
5,560
5,110
451
8. 1
8,396
5,526
5,065
461
8.3
8,345
5,491
5,001
490
8.9
4,430
2,947
2,812
135
4.6
4,464
3,043
2,831
212
7.0
4,468
3,062
2,867
195
6.4
6,830
4,305
3, 756
549
12.8
6,895
4,438
3,926
512
11. 5
5,584
3,581
3,330
252
7.0
13,328
7,93 9
7,358
581
7.3
Sept.
1981
Oct.
1981
Nov.
1981
17,493
11,348
10,528
820
7.2
17,521
11,488
10,556
932
8. 1
17,546
11,504
10,566
938
8,2
7,189
4, 165
3,900
265
6.4
7,207
4,131
3,829
302
7.3
7,225
4, 198
3,893
305
7.3
7,241
4,211
3,890
321
7.6
8,379
5,530
5,117
413
7.5
8,381
5,544
5,076
468
8.4
8,386
5,520
5,057
463
8.4
8,391
5,519
5,060
459
8,3
8,396
5,496
5,008
488
8. 9
4,430
2,964
2,811
153
5.2
4,455
2,966
2,771
195
6.6
4,457
2,992
2,785
207
6.. 9
4,461
2,962
2,773
189
6.4
4,464
3,060
2,819
241
7.9
4,468
3,073
2,857
216
7.0
6, 901
4,404
3,883
521
11.8
6,830
4,296
3,718
578
13.5
6,878
4,423
3,923
500
11.3
6,882
4,456
3,963
493
11.1
6,888
4,388
3,874
514
11.7
6,895
4,445
3,882
563
12.7
6,901
4,392
3,843
549
12.5
5,627
3,566
3,337
229
6.4
5,631
3,559
3,310
249
7.0
5,584
3,554
3,284
270
7.6
5,615
3,556
3,342
214
6.0
5,618
3,520
3,282
238
6.8
5,622
3,497
3,265
232
6.6
5,627
3,566
3,312
254
7.1
5,631
3,550
3,283
267
7.5
13,342
7,887
7,357
530
6.7
13,342
7,852
7,278
574
7.3
13,328
7,972
7,379
593
7.4
13,339
7,963
7,361
602
7.6
13,337
7,931
7,370
561
7.1
13,338
7,962
7,417
,54 5
6.8
13,342
7,965
7,412
553
6.9
13,342
7,894
7,303
591
7.5
8,006
5,112
4,649
463
9. 1
8,055
5,112
4,607
505
9.9
8,060
5,151
4,589
562
10.9
8,006
5,067
4,578
489
9.7
8,042
5,144
4,686
458
8.9
8,045
5,111
4,624
487
9.5
8,049
5,048
4,528
520
10.3
.8,055
5,051
4,524
527
10.4
8,060
5,119
4,534
585
11.4
8,974
5,440
5,028
412
7.6
9,015
5,472
5,005
467
8.5
9,018
5,463
4,991
473
8.7
8,974
5,401
4,973
428
7.9
9,004
5,474
5,042
432
7.9
9,005
5,485
5,070
415
7.6
9,009
5,405
4,962
443
8.2
9,015
5,443
4,973
470
8.6
9,018
5,426
4,938
488
9.0
9,822
6,510
6, 148
3.6 3
5.6
10,012
6,726
6,416
311
4.6
10,029
6,767
6,3 94
373
5.5
9,822
6,481
6,119
362
5.6
9,960
6,646
6,307
339
5.1
9,976
6,625
6,271
354
5.3
9,993
6,723
6,349
374
5.6
10,012
6,713
6,370
343
5. 1
Florida
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
III!
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Massachusetts
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Mk
Civilian noninstitutional population '
Civiliafi labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Jar say
Civilian noninstitutional population ' .
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New York
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Ohio
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
*
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Pfcnn
Civilian noninstitutional population'
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Texas
Civilian noninstitutional population'
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
Tha population figuras are not adjusted for seasonal variations; tharafora, idantical numban
appaar in tha unadjusted and tha seasonally adjusted columns.
* These are tha official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates usad in tha administration of
Federal fund allocation programs.
10,029
6,760
6,390
370
5 ^
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
(In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Total
Goods-producing
Mining
Nov.
1980
Sept.
1981
Oct.
1981
Nov.
1981
91,599
92,159
92,389
25,8771
26,285
26,013!
1,051
1,169
1,166
Nov.
1980
July
1981
Aug.
1981
92,331 90,844
91,880
91,901
92,033
25,701 25,629
25,939
25,931
25,930
25,459
1,151
1,162
1,179
1,177
1,052
4,382
1,132
Sept.
1981
Oc t.
1981
Nov.
1981
4,533
4,516
4,494
4,389
4,272
4,275
4,272
Manufacturing
Production workers
20,293
14,190
20,600
14,376
20,353
14,138
20,142 20,188
13,935 14,081
20,535
14,327
20,505
14,294
20,496
14,281
227
018
20,038
13,825
Durable goods
Production workers
12,156
8,391
12,292
8,440
12,157
8,312
12,021
8,173
12,090
8,320
12,333
8,491
12,332
8,485
12,311
8,465
108
265
11,953
8,103
691.0
484.7
664.5
1,138.8
1,607.5
2,540.7
2,164.8
1,848.3
723.1
428.7
666.1
482.0
653.a
1,108.0
1,584.3
2,527.8
2,157.7
1,829.9
719.2
429.3
647
473
642
1,097
1,562
2,525
2,133.1
1,796.9
715.3
426.6
683
463
658
1,126
1,582
2,489
2,096
1,874
712
407
702
488
658
1,140
1,614
2,533
2,163
1,886
723
426
686
487
660
1,148
1,610
2,542
2,166
1,889
727
417
677
654
485
479
655
645
1, 139
1 ,1 12
1,606
1 ,575 !
2,551 I 2 ,548 j
2,163
,149 j
1,889
808 |
727
722 i
419
416 |
8,308
5,936
8,196
5,826
8,121
5,762
8,098
5,761
8,202
5,836
8,173
5,809
8,185
5,816
,119 I
719,
75.
847.
262.
691.
268.
100.
209.
730.
232.
1,776.1
77.7
850.2
1,287.3
702.0
1,294.1
1,110.5
212.7
760.8
237.0
1,721.8
77.1
833.7
1,272.7
692.8
1,298.7
1,103.3
211.0
748.2
236.7
1,674.2
75.4
827.3
1,260.4
691.5
1,308.6
1,101.3
210.2
738.2
'234.2
1,705
71
844
1,253
692
1,265
1,103
209
725
231
1,691
71
856
1,278
696
1,290
1,110
212
760
238
1,668
73
849
1,272
698
1,295
1,106
212
764
236
1,669
71
849
1,273
703
1,301
1,112
211
760
236
668
70
833
258
693
301
,107
210
744
235
65,722
65,874
66,376
66,630 65,215
5,147
5,222
5,200
Wholesale and retail trade
20,761
20,919
Wholesale trade
5,312
15,449
5,370
15,549
5,223
5,361
5,348
18,118
18,812
16,473
15,560
Construction
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment .
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products .,
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ,
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
687,
468.
665.
1,123.
1,597.
2,479.
2,109.
1,894,
711,
417.
8,137
5,799
4,242
! I
,753 ;
!
i
|
!
|
;
I
j
I
!
642
468
635
1,099
1, 545
2, 536
2, 120
1,777
715
416
8,085
5,722
,661
71
823
,252
692
,306
, 105
210
733
232
65,941
|65,970
66,103
147
,102
5,114
5,167
5,170
5,186
164
,161
20,993
21,136 20,464
20,796
|20,862
20,872
910
,826
5,381
15,612
5,378
5,296
15,758 15,168
5,360
15,436
5,375
15,487
5,370
15,502
360
550
5,,362
15,,464
5,235
5,344
5,354
5,366
,359
355
18,820
18,790 18,160
18,642
8,667
18,774
,7 82
828
16,015
16,163
16,242
15,992
15,917
15,905
,932
932
2,796
13,446
2,777
13,215
2,770
13,147
2,765
13,140
,756
,176
757
175
5,197
Retail trade
5,344
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
Government
Federal government
State and local government
p = preliminary.
2,776
13,697
2,735
12,825
2,734
13,281
2,738
13,425
P
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours off production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by Industry
Seasonally adjusted
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Nov.
1980
Total private
Mining
Sept.
1981
Oct.
1981 pj
35.3
35.0
35.1
43.6
43.8
44.4
Nov.
Nov.
1981 P| 1980
35.1
July
1981
Aug.
1981
Sept.
1981
Oct.
1981
Nov.
1981
35.3
35.3
35.2
34.9
35.0
35. 1
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Construction
36.8
35.7
37.3
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
40.2
3. 1
39.5
2.9
39.6
2.8
39.7
2.6
39.8
3.0
40.0
3.0
40.0
3.0
39.3
2.7
39.5
2.7
39.3
2.5
Durable goods
Overtime hours
40.7
3. 1
39.8
2.8
40.0
2.7
40.0
2.5
40.4
3.0
40.5
3.0
40.5
3.0
39.7
2.6
39.9
2.6
39.7
2.4
39.2
38.4
41.4
40.8
40.9
41.3
40.4
41.7
40.9
39. 1
37.9
37.7
40.6
40.8
39.
40.
39.
39.
40.
38.
38. 1
38.8
40,
39.
40.
40,
40.
40.
40.
39.
37.
38.
40.
39.
40.
40.
39.
40.
40.
39.
39.1
38.0
40.9
40.8
40,
41,
39.
41.
40.
38.
38,
40,
40.
40.
41.
40.
41.
40.
39.
38
38
40
40
40
41
40
41
40.8
39.1
37,
37,
40.
40.
39.
40,
39,
39.
40.
38.
37.5
38.3
40.1
39.8
4 0 .. 0
4 0 .. 7
4 0 .. 0
40.1
40,
38,
37.7
37.7
40.4
39.6
39.6
40.5
39.2
40.4
40.0
39.0
39.4
3.0
39. 1
3. 1
39.1
2.9
39.2
2.8
39.1
2.9
39.3
2.9
39.3
2. 9
38.9
2.8
39.0
2.8
38.8
2. 7
40. 1
40.1
40.3
35.4
42.8
37.2
42.0
43.6
41.1
36.3
39.8
40.2
38.9
35.2
43.2
37.4
42.2
44.4
39.8
36.0
39.6
39.6
39.5
35.9
42.5
37.2
41.4
43.8
40.3
36.7
39.8
38.9
39.4
35.9
42.6
37.2
42.0
43.8
39,
36.
39.8
(2)
39.9
35.2
42.4
36.8
41.6
42.9
40.8
36.3
39.4
(2)
40.4
35.9
42.7
37.3
41.8
43.1
40.5
36.5
39.4
(2)
40.3
36.1
42.7
37.3
41.7
42.8
40.6
36.9
39.2
(2)
38.9
35.
43,
37,
42,
43,
39,
36,
39.5
(2)
39.4
35.8
42.5
37.1
41.4
42.8
40. 1
36.8
39.5
(2)
39.0
35.7
42.2
36.8
41.6
43.1
39.4
36.7
39.7
39.2
39.4
39.5
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
32.2
32. 1
32. 1
31.9
32.0
38.4
29.9
38.8
29.9
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass p r o d u c t s . . .
Primary metal products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products .
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products . . . .
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
32.1
32.?
31.9
31.9
32.2
Wholesale trad<J
38.5
30.0
38.5
30.2
38.6
29.8
38.8
29.8
38. 5
30.2
38.7
30.1
38.6
30.1
38.5
30.1
36.3
36.0
36.2
36.4
(2)
(2^
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
32.6
32.4
32.5
32.5
32.7
32.5
32.4
32.4
32.5
32.6
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
P
Services
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; to construction
workers in construction; and to nonsupervlsory workers in transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private
nonagricultural payrolls.
* This series is not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is
small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot
be separated with sufficient precision.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by industry
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Industry
Total private
Nov.
1980
Sept.
1981
$6.92
6.90
$7.40
7.37
Nov .
1980
$7.42
7.39
$7.46
7.44
Sept.
1981
Nov.
1981
$244.28 $259.00 $260.44 $261.85
261. 14
257.2 1
243.57
258.65
Seasonally adjusted
9.49
10.29
10.24
11.02
7.60
8. 15
8. 1 1
468.30
Mining
393.41
406.64
Construction
324.75
8. 18
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products . . .
Primary metal products
Fabricated metal products .
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment .
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products .
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale tTade
8.68
8.69
8.74
330.08
345.46
347.60
349.60
6.76
5.63
7.81
10.29
7.77
8.38
7.27
9.87
7.01
5.62
7.15
6.00
8.53
11.22
8.34
8.98
7.79
10.41
7.60
6.07
7.11
6.04
8.49
10.99
8.37
9.04
7.84
10.59
7.60
6.08
7.17
6.04
8.50
11.13
8.39
9.10
7.87
10.57
7.71
6. 13
264.99
216.19
323.33
419.83
317.79
346.09
293.71
411.58
286.71
219.74
270.99
226.20
346.32
457.78
330.26
362.79
309.26
415.36
307.04
234.91
270.89
234.35
344.69
435.20
335.64
367.02
313.60
428.90
305.52
238.34
271.03
230.12
347.65
440.75
335.60
371.28
312.44
432.31
312.26
242.14
6.82
7.37
7.34
7.38
268.71
288.17
286.99
289.30
7.09
7.86
5.31
4.75
8. 18
7.79
8.60
10.52
6.88
4. 69
7.58
8.66
5.69
5.06
8.95
8.40
9.38
11.53
7.38
5.08
7.53
8.61
5.73
5.07
8.81
8.43
9.34
11.47
7.40
5.07
7.61
8.99
5.74
5.05
8.91
8.45
9.39
11.53
7.33
5.07
284.31
315.19
213.99
168.15
350.10
289.79
361.20
458.67
282.77
170.25
301.68
348.13
221.34
178.11
386.64
314.16
395.84
511.93
293.72
182.88
298.19
340.96
226.34
182.01
374.43
313.60
386.68
502.39
298.22
186.07
302.88
349.71
226.16
181.30
379.57
3 14..3 4
394.38
505.01
291.00
185.56
9.27
9.97
9. 97
10.04
368.02
390.82
392.82
396.58
5.64
6.04
6.00
6.05
181.04
194.49
191.40
7.19
5.02
7.71
5.37
7. 74
5.30
7.79
5.34
276.82
150.60
296.84
298.76
157.94
Retail trade
6.02
6.38
6.42
6.54
218.53
6.09
6.51
6.57
6.65
198.53
210.92
Services
See footnote 1, table B-2.
232.40
238.06
213.53
216.13
229.68
Finance, insurance, and real estate
1
302.25
159.13
162.17
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Hourly Earnings Index for production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by industry
(1977=100)
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Percent
chang*
from:
Percent
change
from:
Industry
Nov.
1980
Sept.
1981
Oct.
1981 P
Nov.
1981 P
132.1
93.5
139.2
125.7
134.6
133.3
131.8
141.8
92.2
151.5
135.2
144.8
143.1
141.2
142.0
92.2
151.6
135.7
145.4
143.2
140.3
143.0
N.A.
154.4
135.3
146.1
144.2
141.2
131.9
139.9
I 30.8
140.9
14 0 . 6
143.3
'42.1
Nov.
1980
July
1981
Aug.
1981
Sept.
1981
Oct.
1981 P
Nov.
1981 P
8.3
(2)
11.0
7.6
8.5
8.2
7.2
132.1
93.3
(4)
125.2
134.6
132.6
132.3
139.0
92.2
(4)
131.8
142.5
139.3
138.4
140.7
.92.7
(4)
132.5
143.6
141.8
140.0
141.5
92.1
(4)
132.9
144.8
141.7
141.2
141.8
92.0
(4)
134.1
145.4
142.1
140.6
143.1
N.A.
(4)
134.7
146.0
143.4
141.8
8.6
9.0
132.4
130.5
137.4
136.9
140.4
139.4
140.3
139.8
141.0
140^6
143.9
142.3
Nov.
1980Nov.
1981
Oct.
1981Nov.
1981
Total private nonfarm:
Constant (1977) dollars
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale and retail trada
Financa, Insurance, and
real estate
Services
1
2
3
4
See footnote 1, table B-2.
Percent change was -1.4 from October 1980 to October 1981, the latest month available.
Percent change was -.1 from September 1981 to October 1981, the latest month available.
Mining is not seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle and/or
components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
N.A. - not available,
p « preliminary.
0.9
(3)
(4)
.5
.5
1.0
.9
2. 0
_ _ .
irregular
Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural
payrolls by industry
(1977 = 100)
Seasonally adjusted
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Total private
Goods-producing
Nov.
1980
Sept.
1981
Oct.
Nov.
Nov.
1981 Pi 1981 Pi 1980
July
1981
108.7
109.7
109.5
109.0
107.7
104.0
103.6
103.3
101.4
102.0
103.5
Aug.
1981
Sept.
1981
Oct.
Nov.
1981 Pi 1981
109.2
108.6
108.4
108.2
103.4
101. 1
100.7
99.5
Mining
126.5
141.1
142.2
144.0
126.6
136.5
139.8
139.0
140.1
142.9
Construction
119.3
115.0
119.5
113.9
114.4
110.9
110.0
105.2
109.3
110.5
Manufacturing
100.0
99.6
98.3
96.9
98.4
100.5
100.4
98.5
97.1
95.3
98.6
88.8
98.9
94.9
93.9
96.0
110.2
108.4
85.6
112.0
95.2
97. 6
85. 7
1
92. 9
88. 1
95.3
110. 1
108.3
85.9
110.9
96.5
96.0
82. 1
97.1
91.6
87
93
110
105
83
1 11
96
98.6
90.6
95. 1
94.5
92. 6
96. 4
109. 8
105. 3
91. 3
111. 7
100.9
92.5
102.3
94.5
93.5
98.8
111.7
110.9
91.1
113.3
95.4
100.9
89.8
102.3
94.6
94.4
98.4
112.9
1 10.5
91.6
113.9
92.8
98.6
85.5
98.4
92.5
93.6
95.5
110.9
108.2
88.8
1 13.0
91.4
96.7
82.6
98.7
90.2
89.0
94.4
111.4
108.0
83.6
111.4
92.0
94.3
81. 2
94.6
89.3
87.5
91.3
109.7
102.9
81.5
109.6
92.8
101. 1
106.7
1 15.2
89.8
96.3
103. 1
109.4
103.3
104.8
102.3
89.9
99.3
101.9
112.2
89.2
96.7
99.7
109.3
99.9
102.2
101.6
91.6
98. 2
98. 5
1 0 7 . ,7
88.0
96.1
100.0
110.6
101.7
100.9
98.5
90.4
98.
100.
102.
91.
93.
99.
106.
100.
102.
99.
87,
99.8
98.4
103
93
97
100
108
102
102
103
91.4
99.5
96.8
1 10.1
92
97
101
109
102
100
105
91
98.5
96.3
103.3
89.6
95.0
103.0
109.3
103.8
101. 1
101.7
89.5
97.7
97.3
98.7
88.8
95.3
9 9.7
109.3
100.5
98.4
100.3
91.3
96.7
96.7
96.1
86.6
94.7
99.0
109.0
101. 1
98.3
96.7
90.1
1 10.9
112.6
1 12.5
112.8
1 12. 7
113.0
105.5
104.6
105.5
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products . . .
Primary metal products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment .
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related p r o d u c t s . .
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
99.5
02.2
10.8
92.9
95.2
00.2
07.6
00.9
04.4
01. 1
88.6
111.2
113.0
113.0
113.3
Transportation and public utilities
106.4
106.1
106. 1
106.2
105.7
106.0
105.2
Wholesale and retail trade
107.6
108.5
108.0
108.7
106.3
107.8
107.9
108.0
107.6
107.4
111.0
106.3
111.6
107.3
112.4
106.3
112.9
107. 1
110.5
104.7
112.3
106.0
112. 1
106.2
111.8
106.6
111.3
106. 1
112.6
105.4
1 15.9
117.7
118.0
1 18. 5
116.2
1 18. 1
1 18.7
1 18.3
118.4
1 19.0
1 16.1
119.7
120.2
1 19.9
1 16.9
119.3
1 19.0
1 19.6
120. 1
] 20.7
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1
See footnote 1, table B-2.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment 1 increased
Over 6-month span
Over 12-month span
Over 1-month span
Over 3-month span
January . .
February.
March. .. .
66.
66,
72.1
77.0
76.5
80.2
80.8
8 2.8
8 3.7
79.9
82.8
82.3
April.
May. . .
June. .
73.3
6 5.4
70.6
78.2
78.2
73.0
77.9
80.2
78.2
85.2
33. 7
83.4
July
August. . . .
September.
62,
66,
67.
71.
69.
72. 1
74.
77.
77.
81.7
8 0.8
79.4
Octobe r. .
Novembe r.
December.
6 6.3
72.4
70.9
76.2
76.7
77.6
79.
73,
74.
75.0
77.6
75.0
January . .
February .
March
65,
66.
64.
72.1
68.6
65.7
72.1
71.8
70.1
74.7
70.6
69.5
April.
May...
June..
54,
60.
62.
65.7
62.8
63.7
64.8
59.6
54.4
67.2
59.6
58. I
July
Au g u s t. . . .
September .
57.
53.
49.
55,
50.
53,
56.7
51.5
52.0
55.
55.
50.
October . .
Novembe r.
Decembe r.
61.6
49.4
49.7
5 2.0
53.5
49.4
50.
51,
47.
46.
38.
35.
January . .
February .
March
52.6
53.2
49.4
50.6
46.8
38.7
40.4
3 3.4
30.8
April*.
May ....
June•..
34,
32,
31,
30.
27.
25.
24.
26.
28.
32.
31,
31.
July
August...v
Septembe r.
36.
64,
35.
54.
71.
35.2
45.1
61.0
31.
32.
34.
October. .
November. •
Decembe r . .
61 ,
63,
56,
69.8
.6 4.8
64.0
73.5
72.7
65.4
43.6
55.3
70.3
January . .
February.
March . . . .
59.6
55.8
52.3
61,
61,
64.
68.
68.
67.
78.8
75.6
73.3
April.
May. . .
June• •
69.8
62.5
51.5
68.
66.
68.
70.
67.
71.
64.3p
53.2p
July
August....
Septembe r.
67.
49.
59.
60.2
66.6
39.Op
53.2p
37.2p
Oc tober..
November.
Decembe r .
30.8p
31.4p
31.7p
Year and month
19 78
1979
3 2.0
' 32.6
3 1.7
1981
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted, on payrolls of 172 private nonagricultural industries,
p » preliminary.
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