Full text of The Employment Situation : May 2019
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Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, June 7, 2019 USDL-19-0904 Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — MAY 2019 Total nonfarm payroll employment edged up in May (+75,000), and the unemployment rate remained at 3.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment continued to trend up in professional and business services and in health care. Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, May 2017 – May 2019 Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change, seasonally adjusted, May 2017 – May 2019 Percent Thousands 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 May-17 Aug-17 Nov-17 Feb-18 May-18 Aug-18 Nov-18 Feb-19 May-19 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 -50 May-17 Aug-17 Nov-17 Feb-18 May-18 Aug-18 Nov-18 Feb-19 May-19 This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical Note. Household Survey Data The unemployment rate remained at 3.6 percent in May, and the number of unemployed persons was little changed at 5.9 million. (See table A-1.) Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (3.3 percent), adult women (3.2 percent), teenagers (12.7 percent), Whites (3.3 percent), Blacks (6.2 percent), Asians (2.5 percent), and Hispanics (4.2 percent) showed little or no change in May. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) In May, the number of persons unemployed less than 5 weeks increased by 243,000 to 2.1 million, following a decline in April. The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more), at 1.3 million, changed little over the month and accounted for 22.4 percent of the unemployed. (See table A-12.) Both the labor force participation rate, at 62.8 percent, and the employment-population ratio, at 60.6 percent, were unchanged in May. (See table A-1.) The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as involuntary part-time workers) declined by 299,000 in May to 4.4 million. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. Over the past 12 months, the number of involuntary part-time workers has declined by 565,000. (See table A-8.) In May, 1.4 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, little changed from a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.) Among the marginally attached, there were 338,000 discouraged workers in May, little changed from a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.1 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in May had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) Establishment Survey Data Total nonfarm payroll employment edged up in May (+75,000). Monthly job gains have averaged 164,000 in 2019, compared with an average gain of 223,000 per month in 2018. In May, employment continued to trend up in professional and business services and in health care. (See table B-1.) Employment in professional and business services continued to trend up over the month (+33,000) and has increased by 498,000 over the past 12 months. Employment in health care continued its upward trend in May (+16,000). The industry has added 391,000 jobs over the past 12 months. Construction employment changed little in May (+4,000), following an increase of 30,000 in April. The industry has added 215,000 jobs over the past 12 months. Employment showed little change in May in other major industries, including mining, manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade, transportation and warehousing, information, financial activities, leisure and hospitality, and government. In May, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 6 cents to $27.83. Over the year, average hourly earnings have increased by 3.1 percent. Average hourly earnings -2- of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 7 cents to $23.38 in May. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.4 hours in May. In manufacturing, the average workweek and overtime hours were unchanged at 40.6 hours and 3.4 hours, respectively. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged down by 0.1 hour to 33.6 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for March was revised down from +189,000 to +153,000, and the change for April was revised down from +263,000 to +224,000. With these revisions, employment gains in March and April combined were 75,000 less than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.) After revisions, job gains have averaged 151,000 per month over the last 3 months. _____________ The Employment Situation for June is scheduled to be released on Friday, July 5, 2019, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT). -3- HOUSEHOLD DATA Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Category May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019 Change from: Apr. 2019May 2019 May 2019 Employment status Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force.......................................................... . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed.................................................................. . Employment-population ratio......................................... . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257,454 161,667 62.8 155,539 60.4 6,128 3.8 95,787 258,537 162,960 63.0 156,748 60.6 6,211 3.8 95,577 258,693 162,470 62.8 156,645 60.6 5,824 3.6 96,223 258,861 162,646 62.8 156,758 60.6 5,888 3.6 96,215 168 176 0.0 113 0.0 64 0.0 -8 Unemployment rates Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult men (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................ . 3.8 3.6 3.3 12.7 3.5 5.9 2.2 4.9 3.8 3.6 3.3 12.8 3.4 6.7 3.1 4.7 3.6 3.4 3.1 13.0 3.1 6.7 2.2 4.2 3.6 3.3 3.2 12.7 3.3 6.2 2.5 4.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.2 -0.5 0.3 0.0 Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................. . 3.1 5.5 3.9 3.2 2.0 3.1 5.9 3.7 3.4 2.0 2.9 5.4 3.5 3.1 2.1 2.9 5.4 3.5 2.8 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 Reason for unemployment Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers..................................................................... . Reentrants...................................................................... . New entrants................................................................... . 2,882 844 1,868 569 2,837 779 2,007 614 2,651 737 1,926 530 2,664 803 1,870 599 13 66 -56 69 Duration of unemployment Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks.................................................................. . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over............................................................ . 2,019 1,906 967 1,197 2,126 1,815 950 1,305 1,904 1,842 854 1,230 2,147 1,559 799 1,298 243 -283 -55 68 Employed persons at work part time Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons......................................... . 4,920 2,992 1,478 21,134 4,499 2,909 1,329 21,297 4,654 2,891 1,446 21,322 4,355 2,646 1,339 21,366 -299 -245 -107 44 Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted) Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers....................................................... . 1,455 378 1,357 412 1,417 454 1,395 338 – – - Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270 264 63 5 37 21 14 -5.7 7 201 5.8 18.3 18.3 -1.4 2 15 51 1.4 39 36.7 38 15 6 153 153 13 1 15 -3 -6 -6.6 3 140 0.1 -14.8 -3.3 1.1 4 11 19 -10.5 72 67.3 32 19 0 224 205 35 0 30 5 2 -1.9 3 170 10.8 -13.6 6.7 -2.7 -10 13 62 9.9 73 55.9 17 14 19 75 90 8 1 4 3 4 2.8 -1 82 7.1 -7.6 -0.2 0.4 -5 2 33 5.1 27 24.0 26 -1 -15 (3-month average change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 207 174 165 144 135 151 149 Category WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2 Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)5 Total private (258 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing (76 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 49.6 48.2 82.4 49.8 48.4 82.4 49.8 48.4 82.3 49.9 48.5 82.3 34.5 $26.99 $931.16 109.4 0.2 141.1 0.5 34.5 $27.71 $956.00 111.1 0.5 147.1 0.5 34.4 $27.77 $955.29 110.9 -0.2 147.3 0.1 34.4 $27.83 $957.35 111.0 0.1 147.7 0.3 67.1 63.8 58.1 53.9 59.9 50.7 54.8 52.0 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. 4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. 5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. 2 Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm. 2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The Employment Situation news release. 3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance benefits? No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently looking for work? Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln. Technical Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the CES program surveys about 142,000 businesses and government agencies, representing approximately 689,000 individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the household survey can be found at https://www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory employees in private service-providing industries. Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey can be found at https://www.bls.gov/ces/. • The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. • The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. • The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. • The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic activity. Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 110,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -60,000 to +160,000 (50,000 +/- 110,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages. The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death employment. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.6 percent. Other information Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age May 2018 Apr. 2019 May 2019 May 2018 Jan. 2019 Feb. 2019 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019 May 2019 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257,454 161,765 62.8 156,009 60.6 5,756 3.6 95,689 5,696 258,693 162,097 62.7 156,710 60.6 5,387 3.3 96,596 4,951 258,861 162,655 62.8 157,152 60.7 5,503 3.4 96,207 5,500 257,454 161,667 62.8 155,539 60.4 6,128 3.8 95,787 5,211 258,239 163,229 63.2 156,694 60.7 6,535 4.0 95,010 5,254 258,392 163,184 63.2 156,949 60.7 6,235 3.8 95,208 5,222 258,537 162,960 63.0 156,748 60.6 6,211 3.8 95,577 5,227 258,693 162,470 62.8 156,645 60.6 5,824 3.6 96,223 5,121 258,861 162,646 62.8 156,758 60.6 5,888 3.6 96,215 5,045 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124,509 86,309 69.3 83,103 66.7 3,206 3.7 38,201 125,114 86,027 68.8 82,963 66.3 3,064 3.6 39,087 125,197 86,532 69.1 83,561 66.7 2,971 3.4 38,665 124,509 86,170 69.2 82,754 66.5 3,416 4.0 38,340 124,890 86,577 69.3 83,031 66.5 3,545 4.1 38,313 124,965 86,439 69.2 83,095 66.5 3,343 3.9 38,527 125,037 86,442 69.1 83,034 66.4 3,408 3.9 38,595 125,114 86,179 68.9 82,959 66.3 3,221 3.7 38,935 125,197 86,377 69.0 83,192 66.4 3,185 3.7 38,820 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,017 83,458 71.9 80,698 69.6 2,761 3.3 32,559 116,665 83,415 71.5 80,711 69.2 2,703 3.2 33,251 116,752 83,785 71.8 81,192 69.5 2,594 3.1 32,967 116,017 83,257 71.8 80,299 69.2 2,958 3.6 32,760 116,436 83,599 71.8 80,472 69.1 3,126 3.7 32,837 116,513 83,632 71.8 80,712 69.3 2,920 3.5 32,881 116,586 83,573 71.7 80,564 69.1 3,009 3.6 33,013 116,665 83,373 71.5 80,576 69.1 2,797 3.4 33,292 116,752 83,561 71.6 80,766 69.2 2,795 3.3 33,191 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132,944 75,456 56.8 72,907 54.8 2,549 3.4 57,488 133,579 76,069 56.9 73,747 55.2 2,323 3.1 57,510 133,664 76,122 57.0 73,591 55.1 2,532 3.3 57,542 132,944 75,497 56.8 72,785 54.7 2,712 3.6 57,448 133,350 76,652 57.5 73,663 55.2 2,990 3.9 56,697 133,427 76,746 57.5 73,854 55.4 2,892 3.8 56,681 133,500 76,518 57.3 73,715 55.2 2,803 3.7 56,982 133,579 76,291 57.1 73,687 55.2 2,604 3.4 57,288 133,664 76,269 57.1 73,566 55.0 2,703 3.5 57,395 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124,674 72,599 58.2 70,341 56.4 2,258 3.1 52,075 125,332 73,382 58.5 71,327 56.9 2,055 2.8 51,950 125,419 73,263 58.4 71,072 56.7 2,191 3.0 52,156 124,674 72,590 58.2 70,161 56.3 2,429 3.3 52,084 125,099 73,691 58.9 71,049 56.8 2,642 3.6 51,408 125,177 73,760 58.9 71,221 56.9 2,540 3.4 51,417 125,252 73,525 58.7 71,072 56.7 2,453 3.3 51,727 125,332 73,419 58.6 71,131 56.8 2,288 3.1 51,913 125,419 73,347 58.5 70,981 56.6 2,366 3.2 52,071 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,763 5,707 34.0 4,970 29.7 737 12.9 11,056 16,696 5,300 31.7 4,672 28.0 628 11.9 11,395 16,690 5,607 33.6 4,888 29.3 718 12.8 11,084 16,763 5,820 34.7 5,079 30.3 741 12.7 10,943 16,704 5,939 35.6 5,172 31.0 767 12.9 10,765 16,702 5,792 34.7 5,017 30.0 776 13.4 10,909 16,698 5,862 35.1 5,113 30.6 748 12.8 10,837 16,696 5,678 34.0 4,938 29.6 740 13.0 11,018 16,690 5,738 34.4 5,011 30.0 726 12.7 10,953 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. May 2018 Apr. 2019 May 2019 May 2018 Jan. 2019 Feb. 2019 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019 May 2019 200,039 125,848 62.9 121,788 60.9 4,060 3.2 74,191 200,576 125,627 62.6 122,036 60.8 3,591 2.9 74,950 200,658 126,042 62.8 122,269 60.9 3,773 3.0 74,616 200,039 125,689 62.8 121,298 60.6 4,392 3.5 74,349 200,382 126,351 63.1 121,880 60.8 4,471 3.5 74,030 200,447 126,313 63.0 122,168 60.9 4,144 3.3 74,134 200,508 126,404 63.0 122,143 60.9 4,261 3.4 74,104 200,576 125,900 62.8 121,944 60.8 3,957 3.1 74,676 200,658 125,980 62.8 121,883 60.7 4,097 3.3 74,678 66,049 72.1 64,113 70.0 1,936 2.9 65,852 71.7 64,014 69.7 1,838 2.8 66,179 72.0 64,412 70.1 1,767 2.7 65,844 71.9 63,738 69.6 2,106 3.2 66,051 72.0 63,890 69.6 2,161 3.3 66,052 72.0 64,088 69.8 1,964 3.0 66,014 71.9 63,936 69.6 2,078 3.1 65,802 71.6 63,896 69.6 1,906 2.9 65,973 71.8 64,042 69.7 1,931 2.9 55,277 57.5 53,681 55.8 1,595 2.9 55,639 57.7 54,309 56.3 1,330 2.4 55,457 57.5 53,957 55.9 1,500 2.7 55,253 57.5 53,496 55.6 1,756 3.2 55,740 57.8 53,959 56.0 1,781 3.2 55,814 57.9 54,151 56.2 1,663 3.0 55,806 57.9 54,140 56.1 1,666 3.0 55,671 57.7 54,133 56.1 1,538 2.8 55,526 57.5 53,869 55.8 1,657 3.0 4,522 36.7 3,994 32.4 528 11.7 4,136 33.8 3,713 30.3 423 10.2 4,407 36.0 3,900 31.8 507 11.5 4,593 37.3 4,063 33.0 529 11.5 4,560 37.2 4,031 32.9 530 11.6 4,447 36.3 3,929 32.0 518 11.6 4,585 37.4 4,067 33.2 517 11.3 4,427 36.1 3,915 31.9 512 11.6 4,482 36.6 3,972 32.4 510 11.4 32,704 20,292 62.0 19,145 58.5 1,147 5.7 12,412 32,955 20,537 62.3 19,262 58.4 1,275 6.2 12,418 32,984 20,547 62.3 19,335 58.6 1,212 5.9 12,437 32,704 20,294 62.1 19,096 58.4 1,198 5.9 12,410 32,868 20,628 62.8 19,220 58.5 1,408 6.8 12,240 32,897 20,575 62.5 19,137 58.2 1,437 7.0 12,322 32,925 20,432 62.1 19,073 57.9 1,359 6.7 12,493 32,955 20,589 62.5 19,219 58.3 1,370 6.7 12,366 32,984 20,562 62.3 19,280 58.5 1,282 6.2 12,421 9,407 68.7 8,840 64.6 567 6.0 9,449 68.3 8,827 63.8 622 6.6 9,444 68.2 8,887 64.2 557 5.9 9,380 68.5 8,790 64.2 590 6.3 9,367 67.9 8,705 63.1 662 7.1 9,414 68.2 8,734 63.3 680 7.2 9,399 68.0 8,753 63.3 646 6.9 9,456 68.3 8,811 63.7 645 6.8 9,422 68.0 8,833 63.8 589 6.3 10,207 61.8 9,757 59.1 450 4.4 10,406 62.5 9,907 59.5 499 4.8 10,446 62.7 9,949 59.7 497 4.8 10,235 62.0 9,755 59.1 481 4.7 10,419 62.8 9,847 59.3 572 5.5 10,366 62.4 9,822 59.1 544 5.3 10,316 62.0 9,777 58.8 539 5.2 10,411 62.5 9,859 59.2 552 5.3 10,469 62.8 9,934 59.6 535 5.1 678 27.1 548 21.9 130 19.2 681 27.6 527 21.3 155 22.7 657 26.7 499 20.3 158 24.0 680 27.2 552 22.1 128 18.8 842 34.0 669 27.0 173 20.6 795 32.1 582 23.5 213 26.8 717 29.0 542 21.9 174 24.3 722 29.2 549 22.2 173 24.0 671 27.2 513 20.8 158 23.5 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age ASIAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 2018 15,874 9,932 62.6 9,732 61.3 201 2.0 5,941 Apr. 2019 16,290 10,166 62.4 9,954 61.1 212 2.1 6,124 May 2019 16,361 10,290 62.9 10,049 61.4 240 2.3 6,072 May 2018 15,874 9,941 62.6 9,727 61.3 214 2.2 5,933 Jan. 2019 16,034 10,298 64.2 9,978 62.2 321 3.1 5,736 Feb. 2019 16,055 10,369 64.6 10,045 62.6 324 3.1 5,686 Mar. 2019 16,245 10,402 64.0 10,082 62.1 320 3.1 5,843 Apr. 2019 16,290 10,180 62.5 9,957 61.1 223 2.2 6,110 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. May 2019 16,361 10,304 63.0 10,046 61.4 258 2.5 6,058 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 May 2018 Apr. 2019 May 2019 May 2018 Jan. 2019 Feb. 2019 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019 May 2019 42,592 28,209 66.2 26,954 63.3 1,255 4.4 14,383 43,289 28,474 65.8 27,415 63.3 1,059 3.7 14,814 43,370 28,680 66.1 27,608 63.7 1,072 3.7 14,690 42,592 28,207 66.2 26,834 63.0 1,373 4.9 14,385 43,044 28,985 67.3 27,579 64.1 1,406 4.9 14,060 43,127 28,724 66.6 27,480 63.7 1,245 4.3 14,403 43,205 28,929 67.0 27,566 63.8 1,363 4.7 14,277 43,289 28,546 65.9 27,348 63.2 1,198 4.2 14,743 43,370 28,689 66.2 27,493 63.4 1,196 4.2 14,681 15,444 80.3 14,903 77.5 541 3.5 15,595 79.8 15,074 77.2 521 3.3 15,732 80.4 15,248 77.9 483 3.1 15,439 80.3 14,843 77.2 596 3.9 15,699 80.8 15,066 77.6 633 4.0 15,675 80.5 15,117 77.7 557 3.6 15,832 81.2 15,187 77.9 646 4.1 15,611 79.9 15,028 76.9 583 3.7 15,731 80.4 15,188 77.6 543 3.4 11,535 59.3 10,990 56.5 545 4.7 11,776 59.6 11,381 57.6 395 3.4 11,816 59.6 11,381 57.4 436 3.7 11,519 59.3 10,930 56.2 589 5.1 11,968 60.9 11,396 58.0 572 4.8 11,798 59.9 11,331 57.5 466 4.0 11,839 60.0 11,321 57.4 518 4.4 11,762 59.5 11,330 57.3 432 3.7 11,810 59.6 11,330 57.2 480 4.1 1,231 31.3 1,061 27.0 169 13.7 1,103 27.7 961 24.2 142 12.9 1,132 28.4 979 24.6 153 13.5 1,250 31.8 1,061 27.0 189 15.1 1,318 33.3 1,117 28.2 201 15.2 1,252 31.6 1,031 26.0 221 17.6 1,257 31.7 1,058 26.6 199 15.9 1,172 29.5 989 24.9 183 15.6 1,149 28.9 975 24.5 174 15.1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Seasonally adjusted May 2018 Apr. 2019 May 2019 May 2018 Jan. 2019 Feb. 2019 Mar. 2019 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,519 46.4 10,035 44.2 484 4.6 10,081 45.7 9,554 43.3 527 5.2 10,143 45.6 9,692 43.6 451 4.4 10,250 45.2 9,691 42.7 559 5.5 10,065 45.2 9,489 42.6 576 5.7 10,267 47.0 9,720 44.5 548 5.3 10,142 46.1 9,548 43.4 594 5.9 9,996 45.3 9,460 42.8 536 5.4 9,915 44.6 9,383 42.2 533 5.4 High school graduates, no college1 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,886 57.5 34,585 55.4 1,301 3.6 35,900 57.9 34,729 56.0 1,172 3.3 35,840 57.5 34,664 55.6 1,176 3.3 35,771 57.3 34,376 55.1 1,395 3.9 36,301 58.5 34,937 56.3 1,363 3.8 36,230 58.2 34,863 56.0 1,367 3.8 35,983 57.9 34,654 55.8 1,329 3.7 35,901 57.9 34,662 55.9 1,239 3.5 35,781 57.4 34,522 55.4 1,259 3.5 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,732 65.4 36,596 63.4 1,135 3.0 37,494 64.9 36,405 63.0 1,089 2.9 37,559 65.2 36,612 63.6 947 2.5 37,852 65.6 36,630 63.5 1,223 3.2 37,339 65.5 36,071 63.2 1,268 3.4 37,213 65.3 36,040 63.3 1,173 3.2 37,268 65.2 36,012 63.0 1,256 3.4 37,290 64.6 36,141 62.6 1,149 3.1 37,614 65.3 36,569 63.5 1,045 2.8 Bachelor’s degree and higher2 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,850 74.2 55,809 72.8 1,040 1.8 58,335 73.8 57,235 72.4 1,099 1.9 58,145 73.7 57,007 72.2 1,137 2.0 56,786 74.1 55,645 72.6 1,141 2.0 58,472 74.0 57,078 72.2 1,395 2.4 58,497 73.5 57,220 71.9 1,277 2.2 58,593 73.7 57,409 72.2 1,184 2.0 58,381 73.9 57,179 72.3 1,202 2.1 58,217 73.8 56,980 72.2 1,237 2.1 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 Apr. 2019 May 2019 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status, veteran status, and period of service May 2018 Men May 2019 May 2018 Women May 2019 May 2018 May 2019 VETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,247 9,388 48.8 9,065 47.1 323 3.4 9,859 18,870 9,267 49.1 9,014 47.8 253 2.7 9,603 17,384 8,291 47.7 7,997 46.0 294 3.5 9,093 16,989 8,223 48.4 7,998 47.1 225 2.7 8,766 1,863 1,097 58.9 1,068 57.3 29 2.7 766 1,881 1,044 55.5 1,016 54.0 29 2.7 837 Gulf War-era II veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,143 3,296 79.5 3,158 76.2 138 4.2 847 4,302 3,464 80.5 3,367 78.3 97 2.8 838 3,448 2,799 81.2 2,686 77.9 113 4.0 649 3,595 2,992 83.2 2,910 80.9 82 2.8 603 695 497 71.4 472 67.9 25 5.0 199 707 472 66.7 457 64.6 15 3.1 235 Gulf War-era I veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,074 2,369 77.1 2,325 75.6 44 1.9 705 3,078 2,337 75.9 2,287 74.3 50 2.1 741 2,579 2,026 78.6 1,983 76.9 43 2.1 553 2,562 2,014 78.6 1,967 76.8 47 2.3 548 495 343 69.2 341 69.0 1 0.3 152 516 323 62.7 320 62.0 3 1.0 193 World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,679 1,609 20.9 1,540 20.1 68 4.3 6,070 7,263 1,465 20.2 1,425 19.6 40 2.7 5,798 7,418 1,556 21.0 1,488 20.1 68 4.4 5,862 7,013 1,406 20.0 1,369 19.5 36 2.6 5,607 261 53 20.2 53 20.2 0 – 208 250 60 23.9 56 22.3 4 – 190 Veterans of other service periods Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,351 2,115 48.6 2,042 46.9 73 3.5 2,236 4,227 2,001 47.3 1,935 45.8 66 3.3 2,226 3,939 1,909 48.5 1,840 46.7 69 3.6 2,030 3,819 1,812 47.4 1,752 45.9 60 3.3 2,007 412 205 49.9 202 49.0 4 1.8 207 408 189 46.4 183 44.8 7 3.4 219 NONVETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229,354 150,404 65.6 145,268 63.3 5,136 3.4 78,950 231,312 151,517 65.5 146,537 63.4 4,980 3.3 79,795 102,624 77,026 75.1 74,297 72.4 2,730 3.5 25,597 103,735 77,350 74.6 74,764 72.1 2,586 3.3 26,384 126,731 73,378 57.9 70,972 56.0 2,406 3.3 53,353 127,577 74,166 58.1 71,773 56.3 2,394 3.2 53,410 NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Persons with a disability Employment status, sex, and age May 2018 May 2019 Persons with no disability May 2018 May 2019 TOTAL, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population..................................................... . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 30,424 6,128 20.1 5,697 18.7 431 7.0 24,296 30,764 6,326 20.6 5,929 19.3 397 6.3 24,438 227,030 155,637 68.6 150,313 66.2 5,324 3.4 71,393 228,097 156,328 68.5 151,223 66.3 5,106 3.3 71,769 Men, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 2,584 34.5 2,362 31.6 222 8.6 4,900 2,707 36.1 2,514 33.6 193 7.1 4,781 78,114 83.0 75,311 80.0 2,803 3.6 16,035 77,968 82.8 75,323 80.0 2,645 3.4 16,141 Women, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 2,396 30.0 2,225 27.9 170 7.1 5,578 2,371 29.6 2,238 28.0 133 5.6 5,633 68,564 70.8 66,301 68.5 2,263 3.3 28,239 69,079 71.5 66,819 69.1 2,260 3.3 27,596 Both sexes, 65 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 1,148 7.7 1,110 7.4 39 3.4 13,818 1,248 8.2 1,177 7.7 71 5.7 14,024 8,960 24.8 8,701 24.1 259 2.9 27,120 9,282 24.9 9,080 24.3 202 2.2 28,032 NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status and nativity May 2018 Men May 2019 May 2018 Women May 2019 May 2018 May 2019 Foreign born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed......................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 42,732 27,923 65.3 27,086 63.4 837 3.0 14,809 43,408 28,473 65.6 27,678 63.8 795 2.8 14,935 20,682 16,088 77.8 15,674 75.8 414 2.6 4,594 20,918 16,347 78.1 15,976 76.4 371 2.3 4,571 22,050 11,835 53.7 11,412 51.8 423 3.6 10,215 22,490 12,126 53.9 11,702 52.0 424 3.5 10,364 Native born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed......................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 214,722 133,842 62.3 128,924 60.0 4,919 3.7 80,880 215,453 134,182 62.3 129,474 60.1 4,707 3.5 81,271 103,827 70,221 67.6 67,428 64.9 2,792 4.0 33,606 104,279 70,186 67.3 67,586 64.8 2,600 3.7 34,094 110,895 63,621 57.4 61,495 55.5 2,126 3.3 47,273 111,174 63,996 57.6 61,889 55.7 2,107 3.3 47,178 NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Category CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government.................................... . Private industries.............................. . Private households. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other industries............................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2 All industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Seasonally adjusted May 2018 Apr. 2019 May 2019 May 2018 Jan. 2019 Feb. 2019 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019 May 2019 2,412 1,604 776 32 153,598 144,424 21,253 123,170 773 122,398 9,112 61 2,281 1,571 687 23 154,429 145,849 21,189 124,661 825 123,835 8,543 37 2,476 1,744 706 25 154,677 145,859 20,992 124,867 807 124,060 8,786 31 2,353 1,579 744 – 153,127 144,115 20,992 123,080 – 122,316 9,013 – 2,576 1,778 787 – 154,177 145,251 20,614 124,657 – 123,861 8,855 – 2,510 1,741 764 – 154,446 145,674 20,588 125,042 – 124,243 8,780 – 2,332 1,687 644 – 154,358 145,609 20,677 124,948 – 124,153 8,727 – 2,394 1,687 690 – 154,271 145,675 20,831 124,892 – 124,075 8,569 – 2,432 1,724 690 – 154,314 145,590 20,730 124,870 – 124,064 8,711 – 4,739 2,875 1,542 21,433 4,483 2,782 1,473 22,160 4,160 2,490 1,383 21,672 4,920 2,992 1,478 21,134 5,147 3,451 1,419 20,949 4,310 2,792 1,347 21,153 4,499 2,909 1,329 21,297 4,654 2,891 1,446 21,322 4,355 2,646 1,339 21,366 4,677 2,831 1,529 21,074 4,424 2,750 1,461 21,830 4,070 2,423 1,379 21,321 4,835 2,937 1,464 20,804 5,079 3,418 1,401 20,548 4,244 2,763 1,339 20,761 4,439 2,854 1,327 20,995 4,589 2,865 1,437 20,985 4,241 2,565 1,333 21,038 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. 3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. 4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Characteristic Seasonally adjusted May 2018 Apr. 2019 May 2019 May 2018 Jan. 2019 Feb. 2019 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019 May 2019 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,009 4,970 1,676 3,294 151,039 14,014 137,025 100,445 35,353 32,596 32,496 36,580 156,710 4,672 1,543 3,129 152,038 14,114 137,923 100,890 35,602 33,001 32,287 37,033 157,152 4,888 1,601 3,287 152,264 14,288 137,975 100,933 35,703 33,080 32,150 37,042 155,539 5,079 1,771 3,301 150,460 14,060 136,379 100,096 35,231 32,488 32,377 36,283 156,694 5,172 1,674 3,459 151,522 13,911 137,605 100,787 35,665 32,902 32,221 36,817 156,949 5,017 1,756 3,249 151,932 14,018 137,942 100,840 35,584 33,101 32,156 37,102 156,748 5,113 1,759 3,356 151,635 14,064 137,685 100,792 35,695 32,855 32,241 36,893 156,645 4,938 1,723 3,198 151,707 14,192 137,481 100,687 35,582 32,918 32,187 36,794 156,758 5,011 1,704 3,294 151,747 14,303 137,369 100,636 35,616 32,961 32,059 36,733 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,103 2,405 809 1,596 80,698 7,208 73,489 53,915 19,052 17,711 17,152 19,574 82,963 2,252 821 1,430 80,711 7,161 73,551 53,870 19,170 17,815 16,884 19,681 83,561 2,370 799 1,571 81,192 7,313 73,879 53,919 19,225 17,837 16,856 19,960 82,754 2,455 846 1,614 80,299 7,199 73,112 53,699 18,992 17,630 17,077 19,414 83,031 2,559 805 1,735 80,472 7,101 73,398 53,808 19,132 17,772 16,904 19,591 83,095 2,384 860 1,535 80,712 7,148 73,566 53,858 19,119 17,899 16,840 19,708 83,034 2,470 882 1,594 80,564 7,120 73,520 53,968 19,314 17,720 16,933 19,553 82,959 2,383 893 1,486 80,576 7,203 73,379 53,813 19,186 17,768 16,859 19,566 83,192 2,426 841 1,590 80,766 7,285 73,477 53,727 19,181 17,753 16,793 19,750 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,907 2,565 867 1,698 70,341 6,805 63,536 46,530 16,301 14,885 15,343 17,006 73,747 2,420 721 1,699 71,327 6,954 64,373 47,020 16,432 15,186 15,402 17,352 73,591 2,518 802 1,716 71,072 6,976 64,097 47,014 16,477 15,242 15,294 17,082 72,785 2,624 925 1,687 70,161 6,861 63,266 46,397 16,238 14,859 15,300 16,869 73,663 2,613 869 1,723 71,049 6,810 64,206 46,979 16,533 15,130 15,317 17,227 73,854 2,633 896 1,714 71,221 6,870 64,377 46,983 16,465 15,202 15,316 17,394 73,715 2,643 877 1,762 71,072 6,944 64,164 46,824 16,381 15,135 15,308 17,340 73,687 2,555 830 1,712 71,131 6,989 64,102 46,874 16,396 15,150 15,327 17,228 73,566 2,585 863 1,704 70,981 7,018 63,891 46,908 16,434 15,208 15,266 16,983 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,281 36,236 9,608 45,927 36,414 9,698 46,041 36,167 9,680 46,014 35,963 – 45,819 36,504 – 45,893 36,574 – 45,867 36,566 – 45,734 36,206 – 45,789 35,971 – FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,014 26,996 129,212 27,498 130,059 27,093 128,623 26,879 129,837 26,752 130,159 26,878 129,969 26,938 129,778 26,915 129,695 26,981 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,411 4.8 7,765 5.0 7,857 5.0 7,416 4.8 7,850 5.0 7,641 4.9 7,853 5.0 7,798 5.0 7,855 5.0 SELF-EMPLOYMENT Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,696 9,889 6,094 9,230 6,061 9,493 – 9,757 – 9,642 – 9,544 – 9,371 – 9,259 – 9,401 1 Refers to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. 3 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 4 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates May 2018 Apr. 2019 May 2019 May 2018 Jan. 2019 Feb. 2019 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019 May 2019 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,128 741 303 447 5,387 1,068 4,291 3,251 1,408 953 891 1,034 5,824 740 273 451 5,085 993 4,132 3,159 1,434 898 827 978 5,888 726 279 443 5,161 1,077 4,060 3,027 1,302 895 830 1,031 3.8 12.7 14.6 11.9 3.5 7.1 3.1 3.1 3.8 2.8 2.7 2.8 4.0 12.9 14.4 12.2 3.7 7.6 3.3 3.3 3.9 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.8 13.4 16.0 12.2 3.5 7.2 3.1 3.2 4.0 2.6 2.9 2.7 3.8 12.8 12.6 12.7 3.5 7.2 3.1 3.2 4.0 2.8 2.9 2.7 3.6 13.0 13.7 12.4 3.2 6.5 2.9 3.0 3.9 2.7 2.5 2.6 3.6 12.7 14.1 11.9 3.3 7.0 2.9 2.9 3.5 2.6 2.5 2.7 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,416 458 181 277 2,958 614 2,331 1,723 748 491 484 607 3,221 424 127 297 2,797 601 2,226 1,703 719 497 487 522 3,185 390 154 232 2,795 658 2,124 1,604 680 478 447 520 4.0 15.7 17.7 14.6 3.6 7.9 3.1 3.1 3.8 2.7 2.8 3.0 4.1 14.1 15.6 13.1 3.7 8.4 3.3 3.3 4.0 2.9 2.9 3.3 3.9 15.1 18.0 14.0 3.5 7.6 3.1 3.2 3.9 2.6 3.0 2.8 3.9 13.9 11.7 14.7 3.6 8.8 3.1 3.2 3.7 2.8 2.9 2.8 3.7 15.1 12.5 16.6 3.4 7.7 2.9 3.1 3.6 2.7 2.8 2.6 3.7 13.9 15.5 12.8 3.3 8.3 2.8 2.9 3.4 2.6 2.6 2.6 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,712 283 121 170 2,429 454 1,960 1,528 659 462 407 468 2,604 316 146 154 2,288 392 1,906 1,456 715 401 340 468 2,703 336 125 210 2,366 420 1,936 1,423 622 418 383 548 3.6 9.7 11.6 9.2 3.3 6.2 3.0 3.2 3.9 3.0 2.6 2.7 3.9 11.7 13.3 11.2 3.6 6.7 3.2 3.3 3.9 2.9 3.0 2.9 3.8 11.8 14.0 10.6 3.4 6.8 3.1 3.2 4.2 2.6 2.8 2.6 3.7 11.7 13.5 10.7 3.3 5.5 3.1 3.3 4.3 2.7 2.8 2.6 3.4 11.0 15.0 8.3 3.1 5.3 2.9 3.0 4.2 2.6 2.2 2.6 3.5 11.5 12.6 11.0 3.2 5.6 2.9 2.9 3.6 2.7 2.4 3.1 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 897 864 470 821 668 501 793 873 483 1.9 2.3 4.7 2.1 2.4 5.4 1.9 2.3 4.9 1.9 2.4 4.7 1.8 1.8 4.9 1.7 2.4 4.7 FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,964 1,158 4,680 1,163 4,735 1,170 3.7 4.1 4.0 4.2 3.8 4.1 3.7 4.3 3.5 4.1 3.5 4.2 1 Refers to persons in opposite-sex couples only. Data are not seasonally adjusted. Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Reason May 2018 Apr. 2019 Seasonally adjusted May 2019 May 2018 Jan. 2019 Feb. 2019 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019 May 2019 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Permanent job losers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 2,493 533 1,960 1,380 580 801 1,933 529 2,484 574 1,910 1,287 623 685 1,761 457 2,281 594 1,687 1,229 458 774 1,891 557 2,882 829 2,054 1,438 616 844 1,868 569 3,082 937 2,144 1,427 717 805 1,945 606 2,857 820 2,037 1,300 737 840 1,905 623 2,837 878 1,960 1,379 580 779 2,007 614 2,651 717 1,934 1,302 632 737 1,926 530 2,664 869 1,795 1,289 506 803 1,870 599 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 43.3 9.3 34.1 13.9 33.6 9.2 46.1 10.6 35.5 12.7 32.7 8.5 41.5 10.8 30.7 14.1 34.4 10.1 46.8 13.4 33.3 13.7 30.3 9.2 47.9 14.6 33.3 12.5 30.2 9.4 45.9 13.2 32.7 13.5 30.6 10.0 45.5 14.1 31.4 12.5 32.2 9.8 45.4 12.3 33.1 12.6 33.0 9.1 44.9 14.6 30.2 13.5 31.5 10.1 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 1.5 0.5 1.2 0.3 1.5 0.4 1.1 0.3 1.4 0.5 1.2 0.3 1.8 0.5 1.2 0.4 1.9 0.5 1.2 0.4 1.8 0.5 1.2 0.4 1.7 0.5 1.2 0.4 1.6 0.5 1.2 0.3 1.6 0.5 1.1 0.4 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Duration May 2018 Apr. 2019 May 2019 Seasonally adjusted May 2018 Jan. 2019 Feb. 2019 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019 May 2019 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,950 1,568 2,237 1,066 1,171 1,585 1,572 2,231 997 1,234 2,082 1,261 2,159 888 1,271 2,019 1,906 2,164 967 1,197 2,325 2,013 2,153 902 1,252 2,194 1,810 2,214 942 1,271 2,126 1,815 2,256 950 1,305 1,904 1,842 2,084 854 1,230 2,147 1,559 2,097 799 1,298 Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.8 9.9 24.2 11.2 24.8 9.7 21.3 9.3 20.5 8.9 21.7 9.3 22.2 9.6 22.9 9.4 24.1 9.1 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.9 27.3 38.9 18.5 20.3 29.4 29.2 41.4 18.5 22.9 37.8 22.9 39.2 16.1 23.1 33.2 31.3 35.5 15.9 19.7 35.8 31.0 33.2 13.9 19.3 35.3 29.1 35.6 15.2 20.4 34.3 29.3 36.4 15.3 21.1 32.7 31.6 35.7 14.6 21.1 37.0 26.9 36.1 13.8 22.4 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Employed Occupation Total, 16 years and over1............................................ . Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Management, business, and financial operations occupations.................................................... . Professional and related occupations......................... . Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and related occupations................................. . Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations....................................................... . Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Production, transportation, and material moving occupations....................................................... . Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Unemployment rates Unemployed May 2018 May 2019 May 2018 May 2019 May 2018 May 2019 156,009 62,360 157,152 63,594 5,756 1,083 5,503 1,086 3.6 1.7 3.4 1.7 25,784 36,576 27,710 33,165 15,769 17,396 26,534 37,060 27,390 32,997 15,429 17,568 448 635 1,241 1,297 695 602 398 688 1,140 1,316 582 735 1.7 1.7 4.3 3.8 4.2 3.3 1.5 1.8 4.0 3.8 3.6 4.0 14,299 1,056 8,218 5,025 14,355 1,330 8,123 4,901 685 92 471 122 560 93 314 152 4.6 8.0 5.4 2.4 3.8 6.6 3.7 3.0 18,475 8,633 9,842 18,816 8,660 10,156 898 396 502 803 276 527 4.6 4.4 4.9 4.1 3.1 4.9 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Industry and class of worker Total, 16 years and over1............................................................... . Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................................... . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing....................................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services.............................................. . Education and health services.................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government workers.................................................................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates May 2018 May 2019 May 2018 May 2019 5,756 4,467 23 415 546 340 206 885 223 100 167 669 563 706 171 95 425 239 5,503 4,204 35 294 369 215 154 822 299 77 162 600 609 745 194 99 445 198 3.6 3.5 3.0 4.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 4.5 3.2 3.5 1.7 4.0 2.3 4.9 2.5 5.8 2.0 2.3 3.4 3.3 5.0 3.2 2.3 2.2 2.5 4.2 4.1 3.0 1.7 3.4 2.4 5.0 2.9 5.4 2.1 2.0 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent] Not seasonally adjusted Measure U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force.................................... . Seasonally adjusted May 2018 Apr. 2019 May 2019 May 2018 Jan. 2019 Feb. 2019 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019 May 2019 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.6 4.0 4.3 4.1 4.1 3.9 3.8 4.4 4.2 4.2 4.6 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.4 4.4 7.3 6.9 6.7 7.7 8.1 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.1 NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Category May 2018 Men May 2019 May 2018 Women May 2019 May 2018 May 2019 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marginally attached to the labor force1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers2........................................ . Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . . 95,689 5,696 1,455 378 1,077 96,207 5,500 1,395 338 1,058 38,201 2,646 776 257 519 38,665 2,762 732 210 522 57,488 3,050 679 120 559 57,542 2,738 663 127 536 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders4............................................ . Percent of total employed......................................... . Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both full time...................... . Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,411 4.8 4,062 1,951 294 1,073 7,857 5.0 4,414 1,990 325 1,061 3,687 4.4 2,252 673 178 569 3,774 4.5 2,328 690 204 503 3,724 5.1 1,811 1,279 116 504 4,083 5.5 2,086 1,299 121 558 1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. 2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonally adjusted May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p 149,360 126,610 20,697 149,864 126,994 20,698 150,942 128,013 20,908 151,629 128,791 21,111 148,745 126,318 20,650 150,796 128,286 21,035 151,020 128,491 21,070 151,095 128,581 21,078 Change from: Apr.2019 May2019p 75 90 8 Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 725 48.6 675.9 143.9 193.2 51.9 41.4 746 45.1 700.9 151.9 191.3 52.6 40.9 747 43.4 703.6 154.0 193.8 52.4 41.2 751 45.1 706.0 154.8 196.7 52.8 41.2 728 49.6 678.0 144.6 191.5 52.0 41.6 756 46.5 709.8 152.8 195.8 52.9 41.1 756 45.7 710.6 155.1 195.5 52.4 41.5 757 46.1 710.7 155.4 195.6 52.9 41.0 1 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5 -0.5 99.9 338.8 97.8 357.7 100.2 355.8 102.7 354.5 97.9 341.9 101.8 361.2 101.7 360.0 101.6 359.7 -0.1 -0.3 Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 7,336 1,621.0 801.8 819.2 1,077.0 4,637.9 2,044.0 2,593.9 7,174 1,616.6 814.3 802.3 1,001.4 4,555.6 1,990.6 2,565.0 7,379 1,629.2 819.0 810.2 1,071.5 4,678.2 2,036.8 2,641.4 7,539 1,648.5 830.1 818.4 1,113.2 4,777.2 2,086.1 2,691.1 7,267 1,619.0 800.4 818.6 1,048.7 4,599.2 2,021.0 2,578.2 7,448 1,655.5 835.4 820.1 1,076.2 4,716.4 2,061.5 2,654.9 7,478 1,650.6 829.3 821.3 1,088.1 4,739.6 2,066.0 2,673.6 7,482 1,650.8 829.2 821.6 1,078.7 4,752.5 2,071.3 2,681.2 4 0.2 -0.1 0.3 -9.4 12.9 5.3 7.6 Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Semiconductors and electronic components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . Transportation equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,636 12,778 12,782 12,821 12,655 12,831 12,836 12,839 7,914 407.1 417.4 375.8 1,461.7 1,116.4 1,050.7 155.5 85.6 8,038 405.3 406.9 383.4 1,481.4 1,140.9 1,073.4 159.8 86.1 8,038 408.5 413.5 381.5 1,481.3 1,136.9 1,072.7 158.9 86.3 8,059 408.0 418.8 382.0 1,484.3 1,140.2 1,074.8 159.8 85.2 7,917 406.5 413.6 376.3 1,461.8 1,117.7 1,052.5 155.9 85.6 8,054 408.6 414.5 383.2 1,484.4 1,142.1 1,074.4 160.0 86.1 8,056 410.2 414.5 381.7 1,483.6 1,139.6 1,075.9 159.5 86.5 8,060 408.4 414.1 381.5 1,482.8 1,141.0 1,077.5 160.7 85.9 4 -1.8 -0.4 -0.2 -0.8 1.4 1.6 1.2 -0.6 368.1 407.8 375.8 418.7 374.6 420.0 375.0 421.3 368.8 408.3 375.6 419.3 375.4 421.0 375.5 421.9 0.1 0.9 33.7 396.7 1,685.9 988.3 394.5 33.0 401.5 1,739.3 1,004.0 393.9 32.9 401.5 1,735.2 997.7 393.7 33.5 400.5 1,738.1 996.9 394.4 33.8 398.1 1,688.4 989.3 394.6 33.4 402.7 1,734.8 998.9 394.7 33.4 402.8 1,737.0 997.0 394.9 33.6 401.9 1,741.0 999.8 394.3 0.2 -0.9 4.0 2.8 -0.6 607.4 612.1 613.2 618.0 607.8 614.7 615.4 617.2 1.8 4,722 1,597.2 112.8 115.7 115.0 366.6 431.0 116.3 833.0 732.1 4,740 1,611.7 112.6 113.9 107.7 370.4 420.8 113.1 855.8 735.4 4,744 1,611.9 113.4 114.2 108.2 369.4 419.2 115.1 855.3 735.4 4,762 1,617.1 111.9 113.1 108.0 371.0 419.7 117.7 857.8 738.7 4,738 1,617.1 112.3 115.7 115.0 365.8 431.2 115.4 834.4 730.1 4,777 1,634.6 112.6 114.5 107.8 370.8 422.0 116.7 856.0 736.0 4,780 1,636.4 113.5 114.4 107.9 370.1 421.1 116.8 857.3 735.9 4,779 1,635.6 112.8 113.9 107.6 370.4 421.1 117.1 857.8 736.3 -1 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.4 301.9 298.4 301.5 307.0 301.4 305.7 306.9 306.8 Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105,913 106,296 107,105 107,680 105,668 107,251 107,421 107,503 Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,541 27,491 27,562 27,686 27,630 27,810 27,811 27,811 Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 3 5,829.0 3,136.4 2,150.7 5,895.7 3,195.2 2,150.4 5,917.7 3,204.1 2,161.7 5,938.2 3,212.3 2,174.0 5,827.2 3,137.7 2,146.8 5,921.7 3,204.8 2,164.3 5,932.5 3,211.9 2,166.0 5,939.6 3,217.6 2,168.7 -0.1 82 0 7.1 5.7 2.7 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p Seasonally adjusted May 2019p May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p Change from: Apr.2019 May2019p Wholesale trade - Continued Electronic markets and agents and brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541.9 550.1 551.9 551.9 542.7 552.6 554.6 553.3 -1.3 Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . . Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . Building material and garden supply stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters. . . . . Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,797.2 2,021.3 1,296.2 163.6 561.5 474.0 488.0 15,576.6 2,032.3 1,304.5 153.7 574.1 484.9 468.5 15,625.1 2,047.4 1,309.3 161.8 576.3 481.5 466.4 15,693.8 2,049.5 1,307.2 165.9 576.4 481.0 463.6 15,856.3 2,015.1 1,296.2 157.9 560.9 480.0 496.0 15,801.8 2,041.8 1,307.7 157.9 576.3 488.2 472.3 15,788.2 2,048.5 1,311.8 160.9 575.8 487.3 471.6 15,780.6 2,047.4 1,309.6 160.1 577.7 487.2 470.3 -7.6 -1.1 -2.2 -0.8 1.9 -0.1 -1.3 1,384.3 3,079.0 1,055.3 935.0 1,335.1 1,310.8 3,087.5 1,035.9 934.8 1,303.8 1,348.6 3,091.2 1,037.9 936.7 1,297.5 1,370.1 3,102.7 1,036.3 947.3 1,286.6 1,311.1 3,084.7 1,060.4 932.2 1,372.3 1,303.6 3,115.9 1,042.1 944.7 1,347.6 1,301.1 3,116.7 1,045.6 944.6 1,343.8 1,302.2 3,115.4 1,042.4 946.0 1,331.1 1.1 -1.3 -3.2 1.4 -12.7 582.8 3,043.1 1,109.5 546.5 2,981.8 1,084.5 542.2 2,980.9 1,080.3 546.1 2,996.6 1,078.2 598.7 3,102.3 1,150.4 563.0 3,063.1 1,127.0 558.1 3,052.5 1,122.5 557.4 3,058.7 1,121.0 -0.7 6.2 -1.5 1,933.6 837.7 561.6 1,897.3 814.5 575.3 1,900.6 821.7 573.1 1,918.4 840.4 573.6 1,951.9 832.5 571.0 1,936.1 837.5 582.0 1,930.0 836.1 582.3 1,937.6 839.2 583.3 7.6 3.1 1.0 Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transit and ground passenger transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,359.7 501.2 214.2 65.5 1,483.2 5,465.6 513.2 211.2 62.4 1,493.7 5,468.2 513.5 210.1 63.6 1,503.4 5,502.0 515.2 210.1 66.0 1,517.8 5,390.5 499.5 213.9 64.8 1,484.8 5,531.6 514.4 212.1 64.7 1,516.0 5,538.3 513.9 210.6 64.4 1,516.1 5,538.1 513.9 209.5 65.0 1,516.4 -0.2 0.0 -1.1 0.6 0.3 501.8 48.6 37.5 706.3 680.1 1,121.3 502.0 47.0 26.9 717.3 719.3 1,172.6 506.4 47.1 30.2 717.1 702.9 1,173.9 506.3 48.1 34.1 717.2 710.0 1,177.2 485.1 48.7 34.2 708.6 718.2 1,132.7 488.7 47.1 33.7 719.2 750.8 1,184.9 492.3 47.4 34.3 718.6 751.7 1,189.0 489.6 47.9 32.4 719.3 753.9 1,190.2 -2.7 0.5 -1.9 0.7 2.2 1.2 Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555.0 553.5 550.5 551.8 555.8 554.7 552.0 552.4 0.4 Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . Motion picture and sound recording industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing, hosting and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,826 727.3 2,803 731.1 2,795 732.0 2,782 731.9 2,831 731.8 2,812 733.9 2,802 735.6 2,797 736.5 -5 0.9 445.6 269.3 751.9 417.1 270.3 730.0 420.4 267.7 714.5 418.3 266.3 712.9 440.0 270.3 754.9 422.4 269.4 729.2 417.6 267.9 719.5 415.8 268.8 717.8 -1.8 0.9 -1.7 331.5 300.3 332.4 322.5 331.8 328.1 331.3 321.2 330.6 303.0 332.7 324.2 332.2 328.7 332.3 326.1 0.1 -2.6 Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . Credit intermediation and related activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . . Activities related to credit intermediation.. . Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,541 6,299.0 19.4 8,590 6,313.1 19.6 8,605 6,310.7 19.6 8,632 6,310.9 19.6 8,556 6,311.4 19.5 8,637 6,327.7 19.7 8,650 6,331.4 19.7 8,652 6,328.9 19.7 2 -2.5 0.0 2,646.2 1,717.1 1,324.1 621.5 307.6 2,622.6 1,709.2 1,310.9 607.7 305.7 2,620.2 1,705.6 1,305.2 608.9 305.7 2,623.3 1,707.0 1,305.8 612.6 303.7 2,649.2 1,716.1 1,322.8 624.8 308.2 2,631.6 1,710.8 1,310.7 614.2 306.6 2,630.9 1,709.5 1,307.4 615.0 306.4 2,630.6 1,708.7 1,306.5 616.2 305.8 -0.3 -0.8 -0.9 1.2 -0.6 948.4 2,685.0 2,241.9 1,650.0 568.3 964.9 2,706.0 2,277.2 1,677.2 577.3 966.8 2,704.1 2,294.6 1,689.0 582.7 962.4 2,705.6 2,321.1 1,699.9 598.2 953.8 2,688.9 2,244.3 1,654.7 566.1 968.1 2,708.3 2,309.6 1,694.0 592.5 970.2 2,710.6 2,318.1 1,701.2 593.8 966.6 2,712.0 2,323.4 1,705.7 594.7 -3.6 1.4 5.3 4.5 0.9 See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p Seasonally adjusted May 2019p May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p Change from: Apr.2019 May2019p Real estate and rental and leasing Continued Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 23.6 22.7 22.9 23.0 23.5 23.1 23.1 23.0 -0.1 Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer systems design and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scientific research and development services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Other professional and technical services. . . Management of companies and enterprises. . . Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . . Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Travel arrangement and reservation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investigation and security services. . . . . . . . Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Waste management and remediation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,941 9,205.5 1,137.6 965.7 1,467.3 144.0 21,067 9,539.3 1,137.8 1,145.7 1,490.5 148.2 21,343 9,579.8 1,135.7 1,133.0 1,500.7 150.7 21,422 9,500.2 1,139.1 1,004.2 1,514.5 150.5 20,929 9,261.0 1,140.0 1,012.2 1,468.4 143.6 21,332 9,509.3 1,142.8 1,042.2 1,509.2 149.5 21,394 9,529.3 1,141.0 1,043.7 1,512.6 150.3 21,427 9,550.6 1,143.0 1,045.5 1,516.2 149.4 33 21.3 2.0 1.8 3.6 -0.9 2,107.6 2,161.6 2,191.1 2,205.1 2,110.6 2,182.2 2,197.8 2,206.2 8.4 1,472.4 1,503.8 1,514.0 1,518.3 1,474.0 1,520.4 1,521.8 1,521.6 -0.2 685.2 491.8 733.9 2,367.7 9,367.3 8,928.9 513.9 152.7 3,658.5 2,993.4 885.0 715.8 488.2 747.7 2,395.9 9,132.2 8,686.6 521.9 155.5 3,579.4 2,921.7 887.2 718.3 486.2 750.1 2,399.3 9,363.9 8,912.9 528.1 154.3 3,641.0 2,973.3 885.4 722.8 490.5 755.2 2,400.4 9,521.8 9,067.8 532.4 155.8 3,699.6 3,021.4 881.9 685.5 491.3 735.3 2,369.4 9,298.8 8,862.3 513.7 152.8 3,665.8 3,000.5 897.0 719.3 490.0 753.6 2,405.5 9,416.9 8,965.0 525.3 155.8 3,706.1 3,030.0 891.1 721.8 486.8 753.4 2,408.9 9,455.8 9,001.9 528.9 154.7 3,716.2 3,039.9 894.6 722.7 489.1 757.0 2,405.6 9,470.6 9,017.2 530.8 156.1 3,724.1 3,045.0 896.9 0.9 2.3 3.6 -3.3 14.8 15.3 1.9 1.4 7.9 5.1 2.3 222.1 943.8 2,225.3 327.6 214.2 945.9 2,049.6 332.9 215.6 953.4 2,197.3 337.8 218.1 958.6 2,278.9 342.5 220.0 944.6 2,142.8 325.5 215.5 953.7 2,183.5 333.9 215.2 957.2 2,198.3 336.9 215.8 959.3 2,197.5 336.7 0.6 2.1 -0.8 -0.2 438.4 445.6 451.0 454.0 436.5 451.9 453.9 453.4 -0.5 Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices of other health practitioners. . . . . Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . . Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Other ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . . Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mental health facilities. . . . . . Community care facilities for the elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . . Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Emergency and other relief services. . . . . . Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . . Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,646 3,753.4 19,892.2 15,943.9 7,477.7 2,612.9 949.7 927.1 930.1 275.1 1,472.0 24,208 3,919.7 20,287.8 16,276.9 7,686.6 2,661.4 980.8 957.4 967.6 287.7 1,521.6 24,316 3,953.5 20,362.2 16,310.1 7,710.7 2,665.3 982.0 963.9 967.1 288.8 1,532.1 24,234 3,819.3 20,414.2 16,339.8 7,734.9 2,676.9 982.6 971.6 968.9 288.7 1,535.2 23,581 3,707.7 19,873.6 15,962.6 7,478.0 2,616.9 950.7 924.6 930.2 276.4 1,468.9 24,071 3,760.1 20,310.9 16,309.8 7,702.8 2,667.2 983.4 961.7 966.3 287.8 1,526.3 24,144 3,776.8 20,366.8 16,337.4 7,718.5 2,671.1 984.2 964.3 967.5 288.7 1,531.6 24,171 3,780.4 20,390.8 16,353.1 7,730.7 2,679.0 985.0 967.0 967.7 289.8 1,531.6 27 3.6 24.0 15.7 12.2 7.9 0.8 2.7 0.2 1.1 0.0 310.8 5,112.8 3,353.4 1,606.0 642.2 310.1 5,217.3 3,373.0 1,601.2 649.9 311.5 5,219.7 3,379.7 1,600.5 650.1 311.0 5,216.1 3,388.8 1,605.2 651.9 310.2 5,128.5 3,356.1 1,608.8 642.0 310.2 5,220.0 3,387.0 1,608.7 651.4 311.0 5,228.6 3,390.3 1,606.4 651.0 310.5 5,231.6 3,390.8 1,606.4 650.9 -0.5 3.0 0.5 0.0 -0.1 939.4 165.8 3,948.3 2,458.1 172.5 329.8 987.9 952.2 169.7 4,010.9 2,512.4 176.8 328.4 993.3 959.8 169.3 4,052.1 2,549.2 176.4 326.5 1,000.0 961.3 170.4 4,074.4 2,562.4 176.2 328.0 1,007.8 938.8 166.5 3,911.0 2,446.3 172.9 329.6 962.2 956.1 170.7 4,001.1 2,516.5 176.1 331.2 977.2 963.1 169.9 4,029.4 2,544.8 176.5 328.3 979.7 963.1 170.4 4,037.7 2,551.8 176.6 327.8 981.5 0.0 0.5 8.3 7.0 0.1 -0.5 1.8 Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,552 2,460.1 535.4 16,260 2,300.0 492.3 16,561 2,399.8 533.7 16,969 2,546.6 558.4 16,300 2,379.4 504.5 16,678 2,472.9 518.2 16,695 2,469.4 517.4 16,721 2,473.3 524.4 26 3.9 7.0 173.8 164.4 172.5 182.0 168.0 174.7 175.8 175.4 -0.4 See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p Change from: Apr.2019 May2019p Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 1,750.9 14,091.9 2,028.2 12,063.7 1,643.3 13,959.8 1,979.0 11,980.8 1,693.6 14,161.5 1,998.3 12,163.2 1,806.2 14,422.4 2,055.8 12,366.6 1,706.9 13,920.5 2,025.1 11,895.4 1,780.0 14,205.3 2,046.7 12,158.6 1,776.2 14,225.2 2,045.8 12,179.4 1,773.5 14,247.3 2,051.0 12,196.3 -2.7 22.1 5.2 16.9 Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership associations and organizations. . . 5,866 1,339.5 1,518.5 3,008.2 5,877 1,347.4 1,517.9 3,011.7 5,923 1,358.5 1,538.8 3,025.7 5,955 1,360.9 1,553.2 3,041.1 5,841 1,330.4 1,505.1 3,005.0 5,911 1,347.8 1,532.3 3,030.7 5,925 1,353.3 1,536.0 3,035.9 5,924 1,350.4 1,536.9 3,036.6 -1 -2.9 0.9 0.7 Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 22,750 2,788.0 2,183.6 604.2 5,178.0 2,481.9 2,696.3 14,784.0 8,273.4 6,510.8 22,870 2,782.0 2,176.2 605.6 5,342.0 2,650.1 2,691.8 14,746.0 8,311.1 6,434.6 22,929 2,802.0 2,197.2 604.8 5,347.0 2,654.1 2,693.0 14,780.0 8,312.0 6,468.0 22,838 2,812.0 2,203.3 608.2 5,175.0 2,476.3 2,699.0 14,851.0 8,303.4 6,547.6 22,427 2,793.0 2,187.0 606.1 5,168.0 2,475.5 2,692.7 14,466.0 7,956.5 6,509.9 22,510 2,803.0 2,196.2 607.2 5,184.0 2,486.2 2,697.5 14,523.0 7,983.8 6,539.2 22,529 2,811.0 2,204.6 606.3 5,178.0 2,485.2 2,692.7 14,540.0 7,992.4 6,548.0 22,514 2,815.0 2,206.0 608.5 5,168.0 2,476.9 2,691.3 14,531.0 7,986.3 6,544.9 -15 4.0 1.4 2.2 -10.0 -8.3 -1.4 -9.0 -6.1 -3.1 Industry Arts, entertainment, and recreation Continued 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. 2 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 34.5 40.6 46.1 39.5 40.8 41.2 40.2 33.3 34.5 39.1 31.0 38.9 42.0 36.0 37.6 36.2 33.0 26.1 31.7 34.5 40.4 46.4 39.4 40.7 41.1 40.1 33.3 34.2 39.0 30.6 38.7 42.2 36.2 37.7 36.3 33.0 26.1 31.9 34.4 40.3 46.7 39.1 40.6 41.0 40.0 33.3 34.3 39.0 30.7 38.7 41.8 36.2 37.7 36.2 33.0 26.0 31.8 34.4 40.3 46.3 39.1 40.6 41.0 39.9 33.3 34.2 38.9 30.7 38.5 42.1 36.4 37.6 36.3 33.0 25.9 31.8 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.................................................................. . 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.5 Industry p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities.................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services.................... . Leisure and hospitality............................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $26.99 28.13 32.26 29.72 26.97 28.32 24.67 26.72 23.24 30.31 18.70 24.30 40.25 39.55 34.67 32.40 26.95 15.89 24.51 $27.71 28.74 33.09 30.48 27.47 28.92 24.97 27.47 24.03 31.32 19.41 24.65 41.90 41.69 35.58 33.27 27.48 16.39 24.84 $27.77 28.81 33.44 30.60 27.49 28.96 24.96 27.52 24.01 31.17 19.46 24.70 41.58 41.65 35.80 33.36 27.50 16.43 24.89 $27.83 28.89 33.51 30.68 27.57 29.04 25.02 27.58 24.12 31.38 19.47 24.87 41.84 41.63 35.92 33.42 27.48 16.50 24.92 $931.16 1,142.08 1,487.19 1,173.94 1,100.38 1,166.78 991.73 889.78 801.78 1,185.12 579.70 945.27 1,690.50 1,423.80 1,303.59 1,172.88 889.35 414.73 776.97 $956.00 1,161.10 1,535.38 1,200.91 1,118.03 1,188.61 1,001.30 914.75 821.83 1,221.48 593.95 953.96 1,768.18 1,509.18 1,341.37 1,207.70 906.84 427.78 792.40 $955.29 1,161.04 1,561.65 1,196.46 1,116.09 1,187.36 998.40 916.42 823.54 1,215.63 597.42 955.89 1,738.04 1,507.73 1,349.66 1,207.63 907.50 427.18 791.50 $957.35 1,164.27 1,551.51 1,199.59 1,119.34 1,190.64 998.30 918.41 824.90 1,220.68 597.73 957.50 1,761.46 1,515.33 1,350.59 1,213.15 906.84 427.35 792.46 p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours1 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2 Industry May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p Percent change from: Apr. 2019 May 2019p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.4 95.5 105.5 98.9 92.9 91.8 95.1 113.2 103.9 100.5 99.8 119.9 101.0 93.1 105.4 118.8 127.1 121.4 106.8 111.1 96.8 110.2 101.2 93.9 93.2 95.6 114.9 103.7 101.9 98.2 122.4 101.3 93.0 106.6 121.4 129.7 124.2 108.7 110.9 96.7 110.9 100.8 93.8 93.0 95.4 115.1 104.0 102.1 98.4 122.5 99.8 92.6 106.8 121.4 130.1 123.9 108.6 111.0 96.8 110.1 100.8 93.8 93.0 95.2 115.2 103.7 101.9 98.4 121.9 100.6 93.0 106.5 122.0 130.2 123.6 108.6 0.1 0.1 -0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 0.8 0.4 -0.3 0.5 0.1 -0.2 0.0 1 May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p Percent change from: Apr. 2019 May 2019p 141.1 121.4 136.6 127.8 116.5 115.5 119.0 147.0 130.2 127.4 123.4 147.7 134.3 131.1 142.5 155.8 164.7 155.6 143.4 147.1 125.8 146.4 134.0 120.0 119.7 121.1 153.4 134.3 133.5 125.9 153.0 140.2 138.0 148.0 163.6 171.5 164.2 148.0 147.3 126.0 148.9 134.0 119.9 119.6 120.9 153.9 134.6 133.1 126.6 153.5 137.1 137.4 149.1 164.0 172.1 164.2 148.2 147.7 126.4 148.2 134.4 120.2 120.0 120.8 154.4 134.8 133.8 126.6 153.8 139.1 137.8 149.3 165.0 172.2 164.5 148.3 0.3 0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees Industry May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods................................. . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................... . Information........................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................... . Government............................................ . 73,837 60,931 4,557 93 927 3,537 1,866 1,671 56,374 11,096 1,727.0 7,905.6 1,334.7 129.1 1,117 4,841 9,479 18,178 8,559 3,104 12,906 75,119 62,125 4,690 97 965 3,628 1,926 1,702 57,435 11,148 1,778.6 7,846.5 1,390.0 132.5 1,118 4,888 9,701 18,585 8,839 3,156 12,994 75,254 62,247 4,697 97 965 3,635 1,930 1,705 57,550 11,153 1,789.4 7,834.0 1,398.0 131.9 1,116 4,890 9,727 18,640 8,860 3,164 13,007 75,339 62,340 4,708 98 973 3,637 1,936 1,701 57,632 11,160 1,794.2 7,833.8 1,399.7 132.0 1,105 4,888 9,756 18,676 8,884 3,163 12,999 49.6 48.2 22.1 12.8 12.8 27.9 23.6 35.3 53.4 40.2 29.6 49.9 24.8 23.2 39.5 56.6 45.3 77.1 52.5 53.1 57.5 49.8 48.4 22.3 12.8 13.0 28.3 23.9 35.6 53.6 40.1 30.0 49.7 25.1 23.9 39.8 56.6 45.5 77.2 53.0 53.4 57.7 49.8 48.4 22.3 12.8 12.9 28.3 24.0 35.7 53.6 40.1 30.2 49.6 25.2 23.9 39.8 56.5 45.5 77.2 53.1 53.4 57.7 49.9 48.5 22.3 12.9 13.0 28.3 24.0 35.6 53.6 40.1 30.2 49.6 25.3 23.9 39.5 56.5 45.5 77.3 53.1 53.4 57.7 p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [In thousands] Industry May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing....................................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... . Wholesale trade.................................................................. . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing............................................... . Utilities............................................................................. . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services.............................................. . Education and health services.................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . 104,103 14,840 540 5,430 8,870 5,436 3,434 89,263 23,384 4,678.4 13,569.9 4,689.7 445.5 2,277 6,627 17,073 20,718 14,350 4,834 105,675 15,102 563 5,542 8,997 5,554 3,443 90,573 23,531 4,761.6 13,498.3 4,828.6 442.3 2,261 6,692 17,407 21,135 14,653 4,894 105,811 15,103 560 5,560 8,983 5,546 3,437 90,708 23,517 4,771.0 13,469.0 4,835.1 441.5 2,257 6,701 17,452 21,195 14,678 4,908 105,878 15,100 558 5,565 8,977 5,548 3,429 90,778 23,532 4,774.9 13,476.4 4,838.3 442.1 2,250 6,704 17,463 21,219 14,708 4,902 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 33.8 41.6 47.4 40.3 42.0 42.2 41.7 32.5 34.0 39.0 30.4 38.5 42.7 35.5 37.0 35.3 32.3 24.9 30.8 33.7 41.2 47.0 39.9 41.7 42.0 41.2 32.5 33.9 38.8 30.4 37.9 42.5 35.5 37.0 35.4 32.3 24.9 30.8 33.7 41.1 47.3 39.6 41.6 42.0 41.1 32.4 33.9 38.7 30.5 37.9 42.2 35.4 37.0 35.5 32.2 24.7 30.7 33.6 41.1 46.9 39.7 41.6 41.9 41.1 32.4 33.8 38.7 30.3 37.8 42.3 35.4 37.0 35.5 32.2 24.8 30.7 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.................................................................. . 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.4 Industry 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities.................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services.................... . Leisure and hospitality............................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $22.62 23.87 27.93 27.54 21.43 22.39 19.90 22.35 19.83 25.00 15.93 21.76 36.49 31.63 26.89 26.70 23.57 13.79 20.71 $23.25 24.53 29.39 28.31 21.96 22.91 20.40 22.98 20.50 26.11 16.39 22.37 36.76 33.28 27.39 27.39 24.11 14.35 21.03 $23.31 24.59 29.93 28.42 21.96 22.88 20.44 23.04 20.55 26.03 16.50 22.45 36.85 33.32 27.54 27.44 24.15 14.38 21.08 $23.38 24.65 29.70 28.49 22.03 22.94 20.53 23.11 20.65 26.12 16.53 22.64 37.07 33.45 27.73 27.53 24.16 14.44 21.12 $764.56 992.99 1,323.88 1,109.86 900.06 944.86 829.83 726.38 674.22 975.00 484.27 837.76 1,558.12 1,122.87 994.93 942.51 761.31 343.37 637.87 $783.53 1,010.64 1,381.33 1,129.57 915.73 962.22 840.48 746.85 694.95 1,013.07 498.26 847.82 1,562.30 1,181.44 1,013.43 969.61 778.75 357.32 647.72 $785.55 1,010.65 1,415.69 1,125.43 913.54 960.96 840.08 746.50 696.65 1,007.36 503.25 850.86 1,555.07 1,179.53 1,018.98 974.12 777.63 355.19 647.16 $785.57 1,013.12 1,392.93 1,131.05 916.45 961.19 843.78 748.76 697.97 1,010.84 500.86 855.79 1,568.06 1,184.13 1,026.01 977.32 777.95 358.11 648.38 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [2002=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours2 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3 Industry May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p Percent change from: Apr. 2019 May 2019p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.2 94.3 136.0 109.6 85.5 86.2 84.4 123.5 111.0 108.3 104.4 135.8 97.3 92.3 115.4 134.8 142.7 130.9 104.4 118.7 95.1 140.6 110.7 86.1 87.6 83.6 125.4 111.4 109.6 103.8 137.6 96.1 91.6 116.6 137.8 145.6 133.6 105.7 118.8 94.9 140.8 110.2 85.8 87.5 83.2 125.2 111.3 109.6 104.0 137.8 95.3 91.2 116.7 138.5 145.5 132.8 105.7 118.5 94.8 139.1 110.6 85.7 87.3 83.0 125.3 111.1 109.7 103.3 137.6 95.6 90.9 116.8 138.6 145.7 133.6 105.5 -0.3 -0.1 -1.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 -0.2 1 May 2018 Mar. 2019 Apr. 2019p May 2019p Percent change from: Apr. 2019 May 2019p 177.2 137.9 220.9 162.9 119.9 120.5 118.7 189.4 157.2 159.8 142.5 187.4 148.2 144.5 191.0 214.0 222.0 205.0 157.6 184.4 142.8 240.4 169.3 123.7 125.3 120.5 197.6 163.0 169.0 145.8 195.3 147.5 150.9 196.4 224.4 231.6 217.8 162.0 185.1 142.8 245.0 169.2 123.2 125.0 120.2 197.8 163.3 168.4 147.0 196.2 146.6 150.4 197.8 226.0 231.9 216.9 162.3 185.2 143.1 240.2 170.2 123.5 125.1 120.5 198.5 163.7 169.1 146.4 197.5 148.0 150.5 199.2 226.9 232.3 219.1 162.4 0.1 0.2 -2.0 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.7 1.0 0.1 0.7 0.4 0.2 1.0 0.1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
@FedFRASER