Full text of The Employment Situation : May 2016
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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, June 3, 2016 USDL-16-1096 Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — MAY 2016 The unemployment rate declined by 0.3 percentage point to 4.7 percent in May, and nonfarm payroll employment changed little (+38,000), the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment increased in health care. Mining continued to lose jobs, and employment in information decreased due to a strike. Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, May 2014 – May 2016 Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change, seasonally adjusted, May 2014 – May 2016 Percent Thousands 8.0 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 -50 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 May-14 Aug-14 Nov-14 Feb-15 May-15 Aug-15 Nov-15 Feb-16 May-16 May-14 Aug-14 Nov-14 Feb-15 May-15 Aug-15 Nov-15 Feb-16 May-16 Household Survey Data In May, the unemployment rate declined by 0.3 percentage point to 4.7 percent, and the number of unemployed persons declined by 484,000 to 7.4 million. Both measures had shown little movement from August to April. (See table A-1.) Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (4.3 percent), adult women (4.2 percent), Whites (4.1 percent), and Hispanics (5.6 percent) declined in May. The rates for teenagers (16.0 percent), Blacks (8.2 percent), and Asians (4.1 percent) showed little or no change. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) declined by 178,000 to 1.9 million in May. These individuals accounted for 25.1 percent of the unemployed. The number of persons unemployed less than 5 weeks decreased by 338,000 to 2.2 million. (See table A-12.) The number of job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs declined by 282,000 over the month to 3.6 million. (See table A-11.) In May, the civilian labor force participation rate decreased by 0.2 percentage point to 62.6 percent. The rate has declined by 0.4 percentage point over the past 2 months, offsetting gains in the first quarter. The employment-population ratio, at 59.7 percent, was unchanged in May. (See table A-1.) The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (also referred to as involuntary part-time workers) increased by 468,000 to 6.4 million in May, after showing little movement since November. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.) In May, 1.7 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, little changed from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.) Among the marginally attached, there were 538,000 discouraged workers in May, essentially unchanged from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.2 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in May had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) Establishment Survey Data Total nonfarm payroll employment changed little in May (+38,000). Job growth occurred in health care. Mining continued to lose jobs, and a strike resulted in job losses in information. (See table B-1.) Health care added 46,000 jobs in May, with increases occurring in ambulatory health care services (+24,000), hospitals (+17,000), and nursing care facilities (+5,000). Over the year, health care employment has increased by 487,000. In May, mining employment continued to decline (-10,000). Since reaching a peak in September 2014, mining has lost 207,000 jobs. Support activities for mining accounted for three-fourths of the jobs lost during this period, including 6,000 in May. Employment in information declined by 34,000 in May. About 35,000 workers in the telecommunications industry were on strike and not on company payrolls during the survey reference period. Within manufacturing, employment in durable goods declined by 18,000 in May, with job losses of 7,000 in machinery and 3,000 in furniture and related products. -2- Employment in professional and business services changed little in May (+10,000), after increasing by 55,000 in April. Within the industry, professional and technical services added 26,000 jobs in May, in line with average monthly gains over the prior 12 months. Employment in temporary help services was little changed over the month (-21,000) but is down by 64,000 thus far this year. Employment in other major industries, including construction, wholesale trade, retail trade, transportation and warehousing, financial activities, leisure and hospitality, and government, changed little over the month. The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.4 hours in May. The manufacturing workweek increased by 0.1 hour to 40.8 hours, and manufacturing overtime was unchanged at 3.2 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.6 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) In May, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 5 cents to $25.59, following an increase of 9 cents in April. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.5 percent. Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 3 cents to $21.49 in May. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for March was revised from +208,000 to +186,000, and the change for April was revised from +160,000 to +123,000. With these revisions, employment gains in March and April combined were 59,000 less than previously reported. Over the past 3 months, job gains have averaged 116,000 per month. _____________ The Employment Situation for June is scheduled to be released on Friday, July 8, 2016, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT). -3- HOUSEHOLD DATA Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Category May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016 Change from: Apr. 2016May 2016 May 2016 Employment status Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force.......................................................... . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed.................................................................. . Employment-population ratio......................................... . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250,455 157,367 62.8 148,748 59.4 8,619 5.5 93,089 252,768 159,286 63.0 151,320 59.9 7,966 5.0 93,482 252,969 158,924 62.8 151,004 59.7 7,920 5.0 94,044 253,174 158,466 62.6 151,030 59.7 7,436 4.7 94,708 205 -458 -0.2 26 0.0 -484 -0.3 664 Unemployment rates Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult men (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................ . 5.5 5.0 5.0 17.8 4.7 10.2 4.1 6.7 5.0 4.5 4.6 15.9 4.3 9.0 4.0 5.6 5.0 4.6 4.5 16.0 4.3 8.8 3.8 6.1 4.7 4.3 4.2 16.0 4.1 8.2 4.1 5.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 -0.6 0.3 -0.5 Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................. . 4.4 8.5 5.7 4.4 2.7 4.1 7.4 5.4 4.1 2.6 4.1 7.5 5.4 4.1 2.4 3.8 7.1 5.1 3.9 2.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 Reason for unemployment Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers..................................................................... . Reentrants...................................................................... . New entrants................................................................... . 4,263 823 2,584 963 3,835 833 2,495 778 3,855 851 2,357 839 3,573 796 2,209 865 -282 -55 -148 26 Duration of unemployment Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks.................................................................. . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over............................................................ . 2,397 2,507 1,286 2,491 2,412 2,205 1,178 2,213 2,545 2,131 1,304 2,063 2,207 2,239 1,173 1,885 -338 108 -131 -178 Employed persons at work part time Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons......................................... . 6,600 3,883 2,371 19,950 6,123 3,631 2,154 20,428 5,962 3,709 2,009 20,469 6,430 3,890 2,086 20,606 468 181 77 137 Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted) Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers....................................................... . 1,862 563 1,720 585 1,715 568 1,713 538 – – - Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 256 5 -20 17 8 2 5.0 6 251 6.7 26.9 11.2 1.1 2 9 80 11.7 57 61.5 49 8 17 186 167 -7 -15 37 -29 -25 -1.0 -4 174 3.6 42.4 5.7 -0.9 8 14 31 -1.8 46 36.7 18 6 19 123 130 -14 -11 -5 2 2 6.6 0 144 1.8 -5.1 10.1 -0.2 3 18 55 5.0 46 31.8 11 5 -7 38 25 -36 -11 -15 -10 -18 -0.5 8 61 -10.3 11.4 -0.5 -1.3 -34 8 10 -21.0 67 55.4 11 -1 13 (3-month average change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 196 196 181 181 173 116 107 Category WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2 Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)5 Total private (262 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing (79 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 49.3 47.9 82.5 49.5 48.1 82.4 49.5 48.1 82.3 49.5 48.1 82.3 34.5 $24.97 $861.47 103.5 0.2 123.5 0.4 34.4 $25.45 $875.48 105.0 0.1 127.8 0.4 34.4 $25.54 $878.58 105.1 0.1 128.4 0.5 34.4 $25.59 $880.30 105.2 0.1 128.6 0.2 62.0 53.8 56.3 34.8 53.8 45.6 51.3 43.7 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. 4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. 5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. 2 Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The Employment Situation news release. 3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance benefits? No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently looking for work? Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln. Technical Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the CES program surveys about 146,000 businesses and government agencies, representing approximately 623,000 individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory employees in private service-providing industries. Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic activity. Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 115,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -65,000 to +165,000 (50,000 +/- 115,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages. The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death employment. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.6 percent. Other information Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age May 2015 Apr. 2016 May 2016 May 2015 Jan. 2016 Feb. 2016 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016 May 2016 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250,455 157,719 63.0 149,349 59.6 8,370 5.3 92,736 6,536 252,969 158,488 62.7 151,075 59.7 7,413 4.7 94,481 5,671 253,174 158,800 62.7 151,594 59.9 7,207 4.5 94,374 6,449 250,455 157,367 62.8 148,748 59.4 8,619 5.5 93,089 6,047 252,397 158,335 62.7 150,544 59.6 7,791 4.9 94,062 5,973 252,577 158,890 62.9 151,074 59.8 7,815 4.9 93,688 5,870 252,768 159,286 63.0 151,320 59.9 7,966 5.0 93,482 5,712 252,969 158,924 62.8 151,004 59.7 7,920 5.0 94,044 5,793 253,174 158,466 62.6 151,030 59.7 7,436 4.7 94,708 5,923 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,927 84,020 69.5 79,474 65.7 4,546 5.4 36,907 122,213 84,323 69.0 80,302 65.7 4,021 4.8 37,890 122,316 84,524 69.1 80,673 66.0 3,851 4.6 37,792 120,927 83,820 69.3 79,168 65.5 4,652 5.5 37,107 121,926 84,238 69.1 80,104 65.7 4,134 4.9 37,688 122,017 84,673 69.4 80,491 66.0 4,181 4.9 37,344 122,112 84,765 69.4 80,543 66.0 4,222 5.0 37,347 122,213 84,641 69.3 80,419 65.8 4,222 5.0 37,572 122,316 84,332 68.9 80,369 65.7 3,963 4.7 37,984 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,498 81,102 72.1 77,137 68.6 3,965 4.9 31,396 113,746 81,655 71.8 78,028 68.6 3,628 4.4 32,090 113,844 81,637 71.7 78,241 68.7 3,396 4.2 32,208 112,498 80,855 71.9 76,807 68.3 4,048 5.0 31,644 113,483 81,333 71.7 77,704 68.5 3,629 4.5 32,151 113,566 81,667 71.9 77,991 68.7 3,677 4.5 31,898 113,653 81,815 72.0 78,096 68.7 3,719 4.5 31,838 113,746 81,748 71.9 77,999 68.6 3,749 4.6 31,998 113,844 81,407 71.5 77,917 68.4 3,490 4.3 32,437 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,528 73,699 56.9 69,875 53.9 3,824 5.2 55,829 130,756 74,164 56.7 70,773 54.1 3,391 4.6 56,592 130,858 74,276 56.8 70,921 54.2 3,356 4.5 56,582 129,528 73,547 56.8 69,580 53.7 3,967 5.4 55,981 130,471 74,097 56.8 70,440 54.0 3,657 4.9 56,374 130,561 74,217 56.8 70,583 54.1 3,634 4.9 56,344 130,656 74,520 57.0 70,777 54.2 3,743 5.0 56,135 130,756 74,284 56.8 70,586 54.0 3,698 5.0 56,472 130,858 74,134 56.7 70,661 54.0 3,473 4.7 56,725 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,342 70,874 58.4 67,493 55.6 3,381 4.8 50,467 122,524 71,329 58.2 68,346 55.8 2,983 4.2 51,196 122,622 71,366 58.2 68,496 55.9 2,870 4.0 51,256 121,342 70,712 58.3 67,175 55.4 3,538 5.0 50,629 122,263 71,171 58.2 67,940 55.6 3,231 4.5 51,092 122,345 71,313 58.3 68,094 55.7 3,219 4.5 51,032 122,433 71,610 58.5 68,293 55.8 3,317 4.6 50,823 122,524 71,302 58.2 68,072 55.6 3,230 4.5 51,223 122,622 71,218 58.1 68,209 55.6 3,009 4.2 51,404 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,615 5,743 34.6 4,718 28.4 1,025 17.8 10,872 16,699 5,504 33.0 4,701 28.2 802 14.6 11,195 16,708 5,797 34.7 4,857 29.1 940 16.2 10,911 16,615 5,800 34.9 4,766 28.7 1,033 17.8 10,815 16,651 5,832 35.0 4,901 29.4 931 16.0 10,819 16,666 5,909 35.5 4,990 29.9 920 15.6 10,757 16,682 5,860 35.1 4,931 29.6 929 15.9 10,822 16,699 5,875 35.2 4,934 29.5 941 16.0 10,824 16,708 5,841 35.0 4,904 29.4 937 16.0 10,867 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. May 2015 Apr. 2016 May 2016 May 2015 Jan. 2016 Feb. 2016 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016 May 2016 196,673 124,087 63.1 118,457 60.2 5,630 4.5 72,586 197,906 124,416 62.9 119,337 60.3 5,079 4.1 73,490 198,013 124,590 62.9 119,686 60.4 4,904 3.9 73,423 196,673 123,796 62.9 117,991 60.0 5,805 4.7 72,877 197,639 124,362 62.9 119,029 60.2 5,333 4.3 73,277 197,718 124,748 63.1 119,442 60.4 5,306 4.3 72,970 197,809 125,018 63.2 119,674 60.5 5,345 4.3 72,791 197,906 124,749 63.0 119,369 60.3 5,380 4.3 73,157 198,013 124,299 62.8 119,222 60.2 5,077 4.1 73,714 64,942 72.3 62,297 69.4 2,645 4.1 65,093 72.0 62,583 69.2 2,510 3.9 65,104 72.0 62,777 69.4 2,327 3.6 64,754 72.1 62,009 69.1 2,746 4.2 65,002 72.0 62,482 69.2 2,520 3.9 65,304 72.3 62,787 69.5 2,517 3.9 65,296 72.3 62,739 69.4 2,557 3.9 65,178 72.1 62,600 69.2 2,578 4.0 64,932 71.8 62,498 69.1 2,434 3.7 54,619 57.7 52,347 55.3 2,271 4.2 55,023 57.8 52,991 55.7 2,032 3.7 54,925 57.7 53,017 55.7 1,908 3.5 54,457 57.6 52,110 55.1 2,347 4.3 54,753 57.6 52,603 55.4 2,150 3.9 54,803 57.6 52,659 55.4 2,144 3.9 55,142 58.0 52,992 55.7 2,149 3.9 54,984 57.8 52,798 55.5 2,185 4.0 54,754 57.5 52,775 55.4 1,979 3.6 4,526 36.7 3,812 30.9 714 15.8 4,300 34.8 3,763 30.5 537 12.5 4,560 36.9 3,892 31.5 668 14.7 4,585 37.2 3,872 31.4 712 15.5 4,607 37.4 3,944 32.0 663 14.4 4,641 37.7 3,995 32.4 645 13.9 4,580 37.1 3,942 32.0 638 13.9 4,587 37.2 3,970 32.2 617 13.4 4,612 37.4 3,949 32.0 664 14.4 31,326 19,443 62.1 17,489 55.8 1,953 10.0 11,883 31,792 19,368 60.9 17,779 55.9 1,590 8.2 12,423 31,828 19,424 61.0 17,865 56.1 1,559 8.0 12,403 31,326 19,434 62.0 17,450 55.7 1,984 10.2 11,892 31,679 19,536 61.7 17,821 56.3 1,716 8.8 12,143 31,716 19,569 61.7 17,851 56.3 1,718 8.8 12,147 31,753 19,513 61.5 17,759 55.9 1,754 9.0 12,240 31,792 19,413 61.1 17,700 55.7 1,713 8.8 12,379 31,828 19,410 61.0 17,822 56.0 1,588 8.2 12,417 8,927 68.7 7,994 61.5 933 10.5 8,964 67.7 8,157 61.6 807 9.0 8,926 67.4 8,248 62.3 677 7.6 8,902 68.5 7,987 61.4 915 10.3 8,844 67.1 8,101 61.5 743 8.4 8,910 67.5 8,146 61.7 764 8.6 8,881 67.2 8,112 61.4 768 8.7 9,013 68.1 8,155 61.6 858 9.5 8,889 67.1 8,218 62.0 671 7.6 9,798 61.9 8,990 56.8 808 8.2 9,712 60.5 9,090 56.6 622 6.4 9,773 60.8 9,089 56.6 684 7.0 9,822 62.0 8,967 56.6 855 8.7 9,970 62.3 9,179 57.4 791 7.9 9,938 62.0 9,152 57.1 786 7.9 9,868 61.5 9,076 56.6 792 8.0 9,667 60.2 9,003 56.1 665 6.9 9,801 61.0 9,079 56.5 722 7.4 718 28.8 506 20.3 212 29.6 693 27.6 533 21.3 160 23.1 726 28.9 528 21.0 198 27.3 710 28.5 496 19.9 215 30.2 722 28.9 540 21.7 182 25.2 720 28.8 552 22.1 168 23.3 764 30.5 571 22.8 193 25.3 732 29.2 542 21.6 190 26.0 720 28.7 525 20.9 195 27.1 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age ASIAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 2015 14,403 9,157 63.6 8,804 61.1 353 3.9 5,246 Apr. 2016 14,853 9,444 63.6 9,101 61.3 343 3.6 5,409 May 2016 14,938 9,422 63.1 9,055 60.6 367 3.9 5,516 May 2015 14,403 9,159 63.6 8,785 61.0 374 4.1 5,244 Jan. 2016 14,816 9,192 62.0 8,856 59.8 337 3.7 5,623 Feb. 2016 14,974 9,426 62.9 9,070 60.6 355 3.8 5,548 Mar. 2016 14,911 9,411 63.1 9,038 60.6 373 4.0 5,500 Apr. 2016 14,853 9,448 63.6 9,090 61.2 357 3.8 5,406 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. May 2016 14,938 9,413 63.0 9,027 60.4 386 4.1 5,525 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 May 2015 Apr. 2016 May 2016 May 2015 Jan. 2016 Feb. 2016 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016 May 2016 39,483 26,179 66.3 24,521 62.1 1,658 6.3 13,304 40,474 26,530 65.5 25,036 61.9 1,493 5.6 13,944 40,558 26,535 65.4 25,163 62.0 1,372 5.2 14,023 39,483 26,132 66.2 24,377 61.7 1,755 6.7 13,351 40,215 26,451 65.8 24,893 61.9 1,558 5.9 13,764 40,302 26,642 66.1 25,193 62.5 1,449 5.4 13,660 40,386 26,782 66.3 25,289 62.6 1,493 5.6 13,604 40,474 26,595 65.7 24,960 61.7 1,636 6.1 13,878 40,558 26,510 65.4 25,032 61.7 1,478 5.6 14,048 14,505 81.5 13,676 76.8 829 5.7 14,656 80.3 13,985 76.7 671 4.6 14,616 79.9 14,016 76.7 600 4.1 14,470 81.3 13,613 76.5 857 5.9 14,590 80.5 13,878 76.5 712 4.9 14,705 80.9 14,018 77.2 688 4.7 14,799 81.3 14,085 77.4 714 4.8 14,685 80.5 13,949 76.5 736 5.0 14,598 79.8 13,956 76.3 642 4.4 10,575 58.8 9,936 55.2 639 6.0 10,768 58.3 10,099 54.7 670 6.2 10,696 57.8 10,134 54.8 562 5.3 10,533 58.6 9,849 54.8 684 6.5 10,649 58.0 10,022 54.6 627 5.9 10,742 58.4 10,167 55.3 576 5.4 10,814 58.7 10,218 55.5 596 5.5 10,744 58.2 10,041 54.4 703 6.5 10,667 57.6 10,058 54.3 609 5.7 1,099 29.7 910 24.6 190 17.3 1,105 29.4 952 25.3 153 13.8 1,223 32.5 1,014 26.9 209 17.1 1,129 30.5 915 24.7 214 18.9 1,212 32.5 994 26.6 218 18.0 1,194 31.9 1,008 26.9 186 15.6 1,168 31.1 986 26.3 182 15.6 1,166 31.0 969 25.8 196 16.8 1,244 33.0 1,017 27.0 227 18.3 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Seasonally adjusted May 2015 Apr. 2016 May 2016 May 2015 Jan. 2016 Feb. 2016 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016 May 2016 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,481 45.9 10,561 42.2 919 8.0 11,036 47.2 10,206 43.7 830 7.5 10,786 45.9 10,064 42.8 722 6.7 11,100 44.4 10,156 40.6 944 8.5 11,037 46.0 10,221 42.6 816 7.4 10,648 46.2 9,871 42.8 777 7.3 10,777 46.2 9,978 42.8 799 7.4 10,777 46.1 9,966 42.7 812 7.5 10,464 44.5 9,720 41.3 744 7.1 High school graduates, no college1 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,442 57.4 33,515 54.3 1,927 5.4 35,635 57.4 33,785 54.4 1,850 5.2 35,688 57.4 33,993 54.7 1,695 4.8 35,380 57.3 33,347 54.0 2,033 5.7 35,347 57.8 33,475 54.7 1,872 5.3 35,626 57.5 33,747 54.5 1,878 5.3 35,615 57.4 33,688 54.3 1,927 5.4 35,501 57.2 33,567 54.1 1,934 5.4 35,536 57.1 33,728 54.2 1,808 5.1 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,403 67.0 35,841 64.2 1,562 4.2 37,841 66.1 36,350 63.5 1,491 3.9 37,776 66.1 36,416 63.7 1,361 3.6 37,479 67.2 35,827 64.2 1,651 4.4 38,098 66.5 36,493 63.7 1,605 4.2 38,106 66.7 36,496 63.9 1,610 4.2 37,958 66.3 36,396 63.6 1,562 4.1 37,757 65.9 36,204 63.2 1,553 4.1 37,829 66.2 36,364 63.7 1,465 3.9 Bachelor’s degree and higher2 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,052 75.2 50,722 73.3 1,329 2.6 53,428 74.4 52,223 72.8 1,205 2.3 53,448 74.4 52,247 72.7 1,201 2.2 51,989 75.1 50,567 73.0 1,422 2.7 52,674 73.8 51,358 71.9 1,316 2.5 53,112 73.8 51,805 72.0 1,307 2.5 53,447 74.5 52,051 72.6 1,396 2.6 53,316 74.3 52,025 72.5 1,291 2.4 53,398 74.3 52,113 72.5 1,285 2.4 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status, veteran status, and period of service May 2015 Men May 2016 May 2015 Women May 2016 May 2015 May 2016 VETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,251 10,767 50.7 10,227 48.1 541 5.0 10,484 20,937 10,561 50.4 10,198 48.7 363 3.4 10,376 19,255 9,514 49.4 9,054 47.0 460 4.8 9,741 18,924 9,327 49.3 9,016 47.6 312 3.3 9,597 1,996 1,253 62.8 1,173 58.8 81 6.4 743 2,013 1,234 61.3 1,183 58.8 51 4.1 779 Gulf War-era II veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,610 2,946 81.6 2,787 77.2 160 5.4 663 3,905 3,133 80.2 3,008 77.0 125 4.0 772 2,988 2,512 84.1 2,380 79.6 132 5.3 476 3,195 2,634 82.4 2,529 79.1 105 4.0 561 621 434 69.9 406 65.4 28 6.3 187 711 500 70.3 480 67.5 20 4.0 211 Gulf War-era I veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,399 2,725 80.2 2,586 76.1 139 5.1 675 3,320 2,665 80.3 2,600 78.3 65 2.4 655 2,860 2,325 81.3 2,227 77.9 98 4.2 534 2,836 2,279 80.4 2,224 78.4 55 2.4 557 540 400 74.0 359 66.5 41 10.1 140 483 386 79.8 376 77.8 10 2.5 98 World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,954 2,374 26.5 2,257 25.2 118 5.0 6,580 8,540 2,150 25.2 2,085 24.4 66 3.1 6,390 8,636 2,270 26.3 2,160 25.0 110 4.8 6,366 8,234 2,084 25.3 2,025 24.6 59 2.8 6,150 318 104 32.8 97 30.4 8 7.5 214 306 67 21.8 59 19.4 7 – 239 Veterans of other service periods Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,288 2,722 51.5 2,598 49.1 124 4.6 2,566 5,172 2,613 50.5 2,505 48.4 107 4.1 2,559 4,771 2,407 50.4 2,287 47.9 119 5.0 2,364 4,659 2,331 50.0 2,237 48.0 94 4.0 2,328 517 315 61.0 311 60.1 5 1.5 202 513 281 54.9 268 52.2 14 4.9 232 NONVETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220,356 144,962 65.8 137,529 62.4 7,432 5.1 75,394 223,294 146,177 65.5 139,732 62.6 6,445 4.4 77,117 97,162 73,468 75.6 69,617 71.7 3,851 5.2 23,693 98,902 74,202 75.0 70,856 71.6 3,345 4.5 24,701 123,194 71,494 58.0 67,913 55.1 3,581 5.0 51,701 124,392 71,976 57.9 68,876 55.4 3,100 4.3 52,416 NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Persons with a disability Employment status, sex, and age May 2015 May 2016 Persons with no disability May 2015 May 2016 TOTAL, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population..................................................... . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 29,922 5,933 19.8 5,333 17.8 600 10.1 23,989 30,209 6,186 20.5 5,583 18.5 603 9.7 24,023 220,533 151,787 68.8 144,016 65.3 7,771 5.1 68,746 222,965 152,614 68.4 146,010 65.5 6,604 4.3 70,351 Men, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 2,649 34.1 2,335 30.1 314 11.9 5,121 2,804 35.6 2,517 32.0 287 10.2 5,073 76,446 82.6 72,387 78.2 4,059 5.3 16,098 76,583 82.3 73,169 78.6 3,414 4.5 16,504 Women, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 2,313 28.5 2,071 25.6 242 10.5 5,792 2,233 27.7 1,989 24.7 245 11.0 5,830 67,456 70.5 64,011 66.9 3,445 5.1 28,252 67,910 70.5 64,927 67.4 2,983 4.4 28,427 Both sexes, 65 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 970 6.9 927 6.6 43 4.5 13,077 1,149 8.0 1,078 7.6 71 6.2 13,120 7,885 24.4 7,618 23.6 267 3.4 24,396 8,122 24.2 7,915 23.6 207 2.5 25,421 NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status and nativity May 2015 Men May 2016 May 2015 Women May 2016 May 2015 May 2016 Foreign born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed......................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 40,380 26,331 65.2 25,098 62.2 1,233 4.7 14,049 40,693 26,243 64.5 25,274 62.1 969 3.7 14,450 19,629 15,388 78.4 14,740 75.1 648 4.2 4,241 19,810 15,269 77.1 14,781 74.6 489 3.2 4,541 20,751 10,943 52.7 10,358 49.9 585 5.3 9,807 20,882 10,973 52.5 10,493 50.3 480 4.4 9,909 Native born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed......................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 210,075 131,388 62.5 124,251 59.1 7,137 5.4 78,687 212,482 132,557 62.4 126,319 59.4 6,238 4.7 79,925 101,297 68,632 67.8 64,734 63.9 3,899 5.7 32,665 102,506 69,255 67.6 65,892 64.3 3,362 4.9 33,251 108,778 62,756 57.7 59,517 54.7 3,239 5.2 46,022 109,976 63,303 57.6 60,427 54.9 2,875 4.5 46,674 NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Category CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government.................................... . Private industries.............................. . Private households. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other industries............................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2 All industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Seasonally adjusted May 2015 Apr. 2016 May 2016 May 2015 Jan. 2016 Feb. 2016 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016 May 2016 2,431 1,536 866 30 146,918 137,648 20,902 116,746 770 115,976 9,207 63 2,478 1,592 869 17 148,597 139,607 20,615 118,992 747 118,245 8,941 50 2,620 1,695 899 26 148,974 139,978 20,889 119,089 732 118,357 8,914 82 2,395 1,532 835 – 146,336 137,201 20,609 116,616 – 115,859 9,133 – 2,385 1,538 827 – 148,115 139,371 20,715 118,690 – 118,025 8,699 – 2,456 1,571 878 – 148,620 139,815 20,775 119,024 – 118,332 8,735 – 2,623 1,643 938 – 148,704 139,703 20,548 119,223 – 118,584 8,869 – 2,592 1,706 856 – 148,377 139,411 20,323 119,136 – 118,390 8,872 – 2,585 1,689 862 – 148,429 139,574 20,599 119,011 – 118,282 8,816 – 6,363 3,673 2,434 20,192 5,771 3,603 1,994 21,460 6,238 3,721 2,162 20,888 6,600 3,883 2,371 19,950 5,988 3,544 2,134 20,311 5,988 3,579 2,104 20,615 6,123 3,631 2,154 20,428 5,962 3,709 2,009 20,469 6,430 3,890 2,086 20,606 6,272 3,624 2,416 19,824 5,690 3,546 1,984 21,089 6,188 3,685 2,156 20,492 6,491 3,819 2,353 19,582 5,851 3,467 2,116 19,973 5,897 3,519 2,099 20,238 6,032 3,575 2,138 20,084 5,874 3,651 1,995 20,114 6,372 3,828 2,076 20,224 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. 3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. 4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Characteristic Seasonally adjusted May 2015 Apr. 2016 May 2016 May 2015 Jan. 2016 Feb. 2016 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016 May 2016 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149,349 4,718 1,593 3,126 144,630 13,990 130,640 96,939 32,935 31,224 32,780 33,701 151,075 4,701 1,540 3,161 146,374 13,810 132,564 97,932 33,458 31,533 32,941 34,632 151,594 4,857 1,663 3,194 146,737 14,018 132,719 98,203 33,707 31,693 32,803 34,516 148,748 4,766 1,670 3,117 143,981 14,061 129,886 96,517 32,775 31,118 32,624 33,369 150,544 4,901 1,669 3,222 145,644 14,056 131,597 97,583 33,320 31,511 32,752 34,014 151,074 4,990 1,731 3,279 146,085 14,109 131,922 97,736 33,370 31,548 32,818 34,186 151,320 4,931 1,688 3,252 146,389 14,171 132,116 97,932 33,493 31,555 32,883 34,184 151,004 4,934 1,692 3,239 146,070 14,016 131,998 97,648 33,390 31,445 32,813 34,350 151,030 4,904 1,732 3,193 146,126 14,090 131,965 97,765 33,518 31,578 32,669 34,200 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,474 2,337 803 1,534 77,137 7,232 69,905 51,950 17,820 16,840 17,290 17,955 80,302 2,275 709 1,566 78,028 7,168 70,860 52,414 18,056 17,024 17,334 18,446 80,673 2,432 801 1,631 78,241 7,205 71,036 52,657 18,224 17,127 17,306 18,379 79,168 2,361 837 1,531 76,807 7,246 69,528 51,726 17,747 16,776 17,202 17,802 80,104 2,400 813 1,587 77,704 7,191 70,500 52,436 18,069 17,010 17,357 18,064 80,491 2,501 830 1,681 77,991 7,293 70,637 52,513 18,056 17,075 17,382 18,125 80,543 2,447 770 1,674 78,096 7,284 70,750 52,580 18,199 17,018 17,363 18,170 80,419 2,420 789 1,621 77,999 7,274 70,710 52,388 18,060 17,017 17,312 18,321 80,369 2,452 826 1,630 77,917 7,221 70,647 52,431 18,136 17,059 17,236 18,216 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,875 2,382 790 1,592 67,493 6,758 60,735 44,990 15,115 14,385 15,490 15,746 70,773 2,427 831 1,596 68,346 6,642 61,704 45,518 15,402 14,509 15,607 16,186 70,921 2,424 862 1,563 68,496 6,813 61,683 45,546 15,483 14,566 15,498 16,137 69,580 2,405 833 1,587 67,175 6,815 60,358 44,791 15,028 14,342 15,421 15,567 70,440 2,501 856 1,635 67,940 6,865 61,096 45,147 15,250 14,501 15,395 15,950 70,583 2,489 901 1,598 68,094 6,817 61,285 45,224 15,315 14,474 15,435 16,061 70,777 2,485 918 1,578 68,293 6,887 61,366 45,351 15,294 14,537 15,520 16,015 70,586 2,514 903 1,618 68,072 6,742 61,288 45,259 15,330 14,427 15,502 16,028 70,661 2,452 906 1,563 68,209 6,868 61,318 45,334 15,382 14,519 15,433 15,984 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,077 35,035 9,787 45,277 35,333 9,678 45,215 35,279 9,831 44,791 34,893 – 45,231 34,997 – 45,175 35,100 – 45,266 35,387 – 45,207 35,227 – 45,023 35,158 – FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,863 27,486 122,742 28,333 123,548 28,046 121,415 27,452 123,141 27,364 123,206 27,853 123,447 27,818 123,194 27,797 123,135 27,936 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,081 4.7 7,383 4.9 7,472 4.9 6,986 4.7 7,504 5.0 7,339 4.9 7,466 4.9 7,411 4.9 7,412 4.9 SELF-EMPLOYMENT Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,457 10,073 5,518 9,809 5,476 9,813 – 9,968 – 9,526 – 9,613 – 9,807 – 9,728 – 9,678 1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates May 2015 Apr. 2016 May 2016 May 2015 Jan. 2016 Feb. 2016 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016 May 2016 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,619 1,033 398 628 7,586 1,577 6,028 4,748 2,007 1,418 1,323 1,287 7,920 941 415 504 6,979 1,357 5,618 4,319 1,822 1,298 1,199 1,298 7,436 937 394 536 6,500 1,269 5,261 4,074 1,777 1,137 1,160 1,189 5.5 17.8 19.3 16.8 5.0 10.1 4.4 4.7 5.8 4.4 3.9 3.7 4.9 16.0 17.9 14.9 4.5 8.2 4.0 4.2 5.1 4.0 3.5 3.7 4.9 15.6 18.8 13.8 4.5 8.6 4.1 4.1 5.1 3.8 3.5 3.8 5.0 15.9 19.2 14.0 4.6 8.4 4.1 4.2 5.2 3.9 3.6 3.9 5.0 16.0 19.7 13.5 4.6 8.8 4.1 4.2 5.2 4.0 3.5 3.6 4.7 16.0 18.5 14.4 4.3 8.3 3.8 4.0 5.0 3.5 3.4 3.4 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,652 604 237 361 4,048 899 3,184 2,467 1,067 741 659 717 4,222 473 204 247 3,749 762 2,985 2,269 1,023 636 610 716 3,963 473 197 271 3,490 699 2,823 2,135 975 593 567 687 5.5 20.4 22.1 19.1 5.0 11.0 4.4 4.6 5.7 4.2 3.7 3.9 4.9 17.4 19.8 16.1 4.5 9.0 3.9 4.0 5.0 3.6 3.3 3.7 4.9 16.8 21.4 14.5 4.5 9.3 4.0 4.0 5.0 3.6 3.3 4.0 5.0 17.0 22.8 14.3 4.5 9.1 4.0 4.1 4.9 3.6 3.6 4.0 5.0 16.4 20.6 13.2 4.6 9.5 4.1 4.2 5.4 3.6 3.4 3.8 4.7 16.2 19.3 14.3 4.3 8.8 3.8 3.9 5.1 3.4 3.2 3.6 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,967 430 161 267 3,538 678 2,843 2,281 940 677 664 590 3,698 468 211 257 3,230 595 2,633 2,050 799 663 588 590 3,473 464 196 265 3,009 570 2,438 1,939 802 544 593 527 5.4 15.2 16.2 14.4 5.0 9.0 4.5 4.8 5.9 4.5 4.1 3.7 4.9 14.5 16.1 13.8 4.5 7.3 4.2 4.5 5.2 4.4 3.8 3.5 4.9 14.3 16.3 13.1 4.5 7.9 4.1 4.3 5.1 4.1 3.8 3.5 5.0 14.6 16.0 13.6 4.6 7.6 4.3 4.4 5.4 4.2 3.6 3.8 5.0 15.7 18.9 13.7 4.5 8.1 4.1 4.3 5.0 4.4 3.7 3.6 4.7 15.9 17.8 14.5 4.2 7.7 3.8 4.1 5.0 3.6 3.7 3.2 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present..................... . Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,326 1,177 717 1,258 1,135 695 1,209 1,043 694 2.9 3.3 6.8 2.6 3.0 7.1 2.6 3.0 7.0 2.9 3.1 6.8 2.7 3.1 6.7 2.6 2.9 6.6 FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,175 1,416 6,585 1,313 6,103 1,331 5.6 4.9 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.9 5.1 4.8 5.1 4.5 4.7 4.5 1 Not seasonally adjusted. Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Reason May 2015 Apr. 2016 Seasonally adjusted May 2016 May 2015 Jan. 2016 Feb. 2016 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016 May 2016 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Permanent job losers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 3,962 818 3,144 2,175 969 771 2,719 918 3,716 748 2,968 2,065 903 810 2,163 724 3,322 645 2,677 1,955 722 744 2,305 835 4,263 1,041 3,222 2,211 1,011 823 2,584 963 3,664 923 2,741 1,876 865 766 2,468 827 3,749 960 2,790 1,969 821 760 2,467 833 3,835 921 2,914 2,068 845 833 2,495 778 3,855 841 3,014 2,058 957 851 2,357 839 3,573 829 2,744 1,982 762 796 2,209 865 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 47.3 9.8 37.6 9.2 32.5 11.0 50.1 10.1 40.0 10.9 29.2 9.8 46.1 9.0 37.1 10.3 32.0 11.6 49.4 12.1 37.3 9.5 29.9 11.2 47.4 11.9 35.5 9.9 31.9 10.7 48.0 12.3 35.7 9.7 31.6 10.7 48.3 11.6 36.7 10.5 31.4 9.8 48.8 10.6 38.2 10.8 29.8 10.6 48.0 11.1 36.9 10.7 29.7 11.6 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 2.5 0.5 1.7 0.6 2.3 0.5 1.4 0.5 2.1 0.5 1.5 0.5 2.7 0.5 1.6 0.6 2.3 0.5 1.6 0.5 2.4 0.5 1.6 0.5 2.4 0.5 1.6 0.5 2.4 0.5 1.5 0.5 2.3 0.5 1.4 0.5 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Duration May 2015 Apr. 2016 May 2016 Seasonally adjusted May 2015 Jan. 2016 Feb. 2016 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016 May 2016 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,473 2,046 3,851 1,346 2,505 2,164 1,749 3,499 1,390 2,109 2,243 1,850 3,113 1,219 1,894 2,397 2,507 3,778 1,286 2,491 2,249 2,282 3,224 1,135 2,089 2,297 2,236 3,297 1,132 2,165 2,412 2,205 3,391 1,178 2,213 2,545 2,131 3,367 1,304 2,063 2,207 2,239 3,058 1,173 1,885 Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.9 12.6 29.8 13.2 27.8 11.4 30.5 11.6 28.9 10.9 29.0 11.2 28.4 11.4 27.7 11.4 26.7 10.7 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.5 24.4 46.0 16.1 29.9 29.2 23.6 47.2 18.8 28.5 31.1 25.7 43.2 16.9 26.3 27.6 28.9 43.5 14.8 28.7 29.0 29.4 41.6 14.6 26.9 29.3 28.6 42.1 14.5 27.7 30.1 27.5 42.4 14.7 27.6 31.6 26.5 41.9 16.2 25.7 29.4 29.8 40.8 15.6 25.1 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Employed Occupation Total, 16 years and over1............................................ . Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Management, business, and financial operations occupations.................................................... . Professional and related occupations......................... . Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and related occupations................................. . Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations....................................................... . Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Production, transportation, and material moving occupations....................................................... . Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Unemployment rates Unemployed May 2015 May 2016 May 2015 May 2016 May 2015 May 2016 149,349 58,155 151,594 59,613 8,370 1,460 7,207 1,305 5.3 2.4 4.5 2.1 23,891 34,264 26,296 33,838 15,962 17,876 24,907 34,706 26,931 33,235 15,721 17,515 709 751 1,853 1,909 987 923 606 699 1,533 1,541 850 690 2.9 2.1 6.6 5.3 5.8 4.9 2.4 2.0 5.4 4.4 5.1 3.8 13,754 1,086 7,821 4,847 13,941 1,227 7,964 4,750 977 112 632 233 827 113 519 196 6.6 9.3 7.5 4.6 5.6 8.4 6.1 4.0 17,306 8,481 8,825 17,873 8,725 9,148 1,212 549 664 1,154 569 584 6.5 6.1 7.0 6.1 6.1 6.0 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Industry and class of worker Total, 16 years and over1............................................................... . Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................................... . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing....................................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services.............................................. . Education and health services.................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government workers.................................................................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates May 2015 May 2016 May 2015 May 2016 8,370 6,379 72 569 702 405 297 1,237 261 90 214 963 806 1,117 348 151 491 431 7,207 5,473 96 461 738 466 272 981 254 134 178 713 679 933 305 116 452 330 5.3 5.2 7.2 6.7 4.6 4.1 5.4 6.0 4.2 3.3 2.3 6.1 3.5 7.9 5.3 9.2 2.3 4.1 4.5 4.4 11.1 5.2 4.7 4.7 4.8 5.0 3.9 5.2 1.8 4.3 2.9 6.6 4.6 6.5 2.1 3.2 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent] Not seasonally adjusted Measure U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force.................................... . Seasonally adjusted May 2015 Apr. 2016 May 2016 May 2015 Jan. 2016 Feb. 2016 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016 May 2016 2.4 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.7 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 5.3 4.7 4.5 5.5 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 4.7 5.6 5.0 4.9 5.8 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.0 6.4 5.7 5.6 6.6 6.2 6.0 6.0 6.0 5.7 10.4 9.3 9.4 10.7 9.9 9.7 9.8 9.7 9.7 NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Category May 2015 Men May 2016 May 2015 Women May 2016 May 2015 May 2016 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marginally attached to the labor force1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers2........................................ . Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . . 92,736 6,536 1,862 563 1,300 94,374 6,449 1,713 538 1,175 36,907 2,969 918 327 591 37,792 3,061 896 339 557 55,829 3,567 945 236 709 56,582 3,388 817 199 617 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders4............................................ . Percent of total employed......................................... . Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both full time...................... . Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,081 4.7 3,796 1,870 284 1,093 7,472 4.9 4,052 2,140 256 970 3,441 4.3 1,993 640 183 598 3,677 4.6 2,237 725 176 507 3,641 5.2 1,803 1,229 102 496 3,796 5.4 1,815 1,415 80 462 1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. 2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonally adjusted May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p 142,233 119,879 19,611 142,895 120,413 19,288 143,941 121,440 19,494 144,592 122,137 19,644 141,496 119,508 19,574 143,733 121,650 19,675 143,856 121,780 19,661 143,894 121,805 19,625 Change from: Apr.2016 May2016p 38 25 -36 Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 821 50.9 769.7 192.5 203.5 66.4 42.5 703 49.1 653.7 176.2 181.1 56.3 38.2 692 46.6 645.1 172.7 183.6 55.3 37.7 687 47.8 638.8 172.7 184.6 53.5 38.4 824 52.2 771.5 193.2 200.5 66.4 42.4 717 51.2 666.0 177.9 186.6 56.6 38.6 706 49.9 655.9 175.6 184.5 55.5 38.0 695 49.3 645.7 173.9 182.1 53.9 38.3 -11 -0.6 -10.2 -1.7 -2.4 -1.6 0.3 94.6 373.7 86.6 296.4 90.6 288.8 92.7 281.5 91.6 377.8 91.5 301.5 90.9 295.8 89.9 289.7 -1.0 -6.1 Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 6,482 1,410.8 689.9 720.9 954.1 4,117.0 1,788.6 2,328.4 6,355 1,415.6 689.5 726.1 871.5 4,068.1 1,785.8 2,282.3 6,560 1,440.9 708.9 732.0 935.4 4,183.2 1,839.0 2,344.2 6,695 1,460.8 724.0 736.8 960.7 4,273.7 1,881.1 2,392.6 6,426 1,413.3 690.4 722.9 930.7 4,081.9 1,765.5 2,316.4 6,665 1,465.3 719.6 745.7 950.6 4,249.0 1,873.6 2,375.4 6,660 1,470.2 725.3 744.9 945.9 4,243.6 1,862.7 2,380.9 6,645 1,463.9 724.1 739.8 937.7 4,243.4 1,859.5 2,383.9 -15 -6.3 -1.2 -5.1 -8.2 -0.2 -3.2 3.0 Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Semiconductors and electronic components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . Transportation equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,308 12,230 12,242 12,262 12,324 12,293 12,295 12,285 7,769 378.3 400.8 394.8 1,465.3 1,125.6 1,051.7 160.4 88.7 7,680 376.9 391.9 377.5 1,428.1 1,090.5 1,040.8 162.8 84.9 7,689 380.2 398.7 375.4 1,429.6 1,086.1 1,040.3 162.7 84.8 7,684 383.9 404.7 375.8 1,427.8 1,077.6 1,040.7 162.8 84.1 7,767 376.6 396.4 395.0 1,466.6 1,127.3 1,053.1 160.8 88.7 7,703 382.4 401.3 377.6 1,433.5 1,090.3 1,042.9 163.3 85.0 7,705 382.3 399.8 377.3 1,432.9 1,086.6 1,043.1 163.4 84.7 7,687 383.0 400.4 376.7 1,430.0 1,079.3 1,042.3 162.8 84.1 -18 0.7 0.6 -0.6 -2.9 -7.3 -0.8 -0.6 -0.6 368.1 398.7 362.5 395.6 362.4 395.4 365.0 393.5 369.1 398.6 363.7 395.7 364.4 395.5 366.3 393.8 1.9 -1.7 35.8 383.5 1,598.7 910.2 378.2 35.0 383.6 1,608.4 926.0 388.0 35.0 383.5 1,610.6 929.0 387.3 35.3 381.9 1,608.7 929.3 384.4 35.8 384.1 1,598.5 908.9 377.7 35.2 384.5 1,604.4 923.2 388.7 35.1 384.7 1,612.5 929.8 387.4 35.3 382.7 1,609.3 929.3 384.0 0.2 -2.0 -3.2 -0.5 -3.4 592.0 594.4 596.8 598.7 591.7 597.8 598.5 599.1 0.6 4,539 1,484.0 118.3 116.3 135.8 372.2 449.3 114.0 807.8 687.9 4,550 1,495.2 114.3 116.5 133.7 370.4 444.4 112.7 817.6 690.1 4,553 1,494.9 114.3 115.9 133.0 371.1 443.9 114.2 815.3 690.3 4,578 1,503.3 113.7 117.3 132.4 372.2 445.6 116.6 817.4 695.6 4,557 1,503.2 117.6 116.7 136.3 372.4 448.8 113.0 809.2 686.1 4,590 1,518.6 114.2 117.5 133.8 372.5 445.4 115.7 818.2 691.4 4,590 1,519.3 113.8 117.2 133.7 371.9 445.3 115.4 817.5 690.3 4,598 1,522.5 113.1 117.6 133.0 372.6 445.5 115.7 818.5 693.7 8 3.2 -0.7 0.4 -0.7 0.7 0.2 0.3 1.0 3.4 253.1 255.5 259.7 264.1 254.0 262.9 265.4 265.3 Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,268 101,125 101,946 102,493 99,934 101,975 102,119 102,180 Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,791 26,965 27,055 27,207 26,861 27,280 27,286 27,286 Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. -10 5,881.2 2,936.1 2,040.3 5,895.0 2,940.3 2,043.7 5,910.6 2,944.3 2,055.8 5,923.1 2,942.8 2,064.5 5,867.9 2,932.2 2,031.5 5,919.7 2,947.3 2,057.7 5,921.5 2,950.0 2,058.0 5,911.2 2,939.1 2,057.2 -0.1 61 0 -10.3 -10.9 -0.8 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p Seasonally adjusted May 2016p May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p Change from: Apr.2016 May2016p Wholesale trade - Continued Electronic markets and agents and brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904.8 911.0 910.5 915.8 904.2 914.7 913.5 914.9 1.4 Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . . Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . Building material and garden supply stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other general merchandise stores. . . . . . . . Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,543.0 1,931.8 1,234.8 150.2 546.8 463.7 507.8 15,688.7 1,978.9 1,277.6 146.3 555.0 472.2 522.9 15,753.5 1,987.2 1,279.9 150.4 556.9 471.1 519.1 15,862.3 1,999.0 1,284.5 155.1 559.4 475.8 516.1 15,604.7 1,924.1 1,233.9 144.5 545.8 470.6 523.3 15,921.7 1,990.1 1,282.3 150.2 557.6 478.9 530.9 15,916.6 1,990.7 1,283.3 149.7 557.7 479.1 531.9 15,928.0 1,992.3 1,284.1 149.7 558.4 482.1 531.8 11.4 1.6 0.8 0.0 0.7 3.0 -0.1 1,309.0 3,060.4 1,026.7 905.0 1,315.6 1,278.0 3,061.6 1,035.7 908.8 1,333.8 1,328.4 3,069.8 1,038.6 916.4 1,329.0 1,352.8 3,090.2 1,044.7 922.9 1,331.8 1,236.4 3,065.0 1,032.0 900.0 1,361.7 1,281.8 3,095.1 1,042.3 920.9 1,387.7 1,278.2 3,093.8 1,045.5 921.3 1,383.8 1,277.2 3,094.6 1,048.5 919.9 1,379.7 -1.0 0.8 3.0 -1.4 -4.1 607.2 3,085.5 1,295.3 1,790.2 830.5 499.8 616.7 3,147.9 1,289.2 1,858.7 811.5 520.7 610.4 3,137.5 1,286.0 1,851.5 825.5 520.5 615.0 3,154.8 1,286.2 1,868.6 841.7 517.5 625.8 3,127.9 1,329.6 1,798.3 825.5 512.4 633.9 3,192.1 1,322.5 1,869.6 836.7 531.3 630.1 3,191.3 1,322.0 1,869.3 838.6 532.3 633.3 3,199.5 1,319.9 1,879.6 837.4 531.7 3.2 8.2 -2.1 10.3 -1.2 -0.6 Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transit and ground passenger transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,809.3 454.9 246.9 65.8 1,452.7 4,818.0 462.5 218.8 60.2 1,434.2 4,829.1 466.2 218.0 61.5 1,444.2 4,858.3 469.4 217.3 63.2 1,457.1 4,831.1 454.1 246.3 65.5 1,455.8 4,874.0 464.8 219.8 61.9 1,462.4 4,884.1 467.2 217.6 62.4 1,462.8 4,883.6 468.4 216.9 62.7 1,460.4 -0.5 1.2 -0.7 0.3 -2.4 492.8 49.6 34.4 648.2 569.7 794.3 490.6 48.6 22.4 649.4 593.9 837.4 491.9 48.9 26.2 649.8 579.9 842.5 495.4 48.6 31.2 646.5 584.7 844.9 477.2 49.6 32.0 648.3 598.2 804.1 477.2 48.8 28.9 652.5 611.1 846.6 478.5 48.9 29.5 650.1 613.8 853.3 479.1 48.8 28.8 647.4 614.8 856.3 0.6 -0.1 -0.7 -2.7 1.0 3.0 Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557.7 562.9 562.0 563.0 557.1 564.4 564.2 562.9 -1.3 Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . Motion picture and sound recording industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing, hosting and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,748 721.3 2,778 722.7 2,788 723.4 2,754 724.0 2,747 725.4 2,782 725.5 2,785 725.8 2,751 727.6 -34 1.8 403.3 278.7 812.1 421.3 280.8 800.3 428.2 279.6 802.2 431.3 277.6 765.5 394.4 279.7 814.3 419.3 280.6 801.2 421.3 279.5 803.7 421.3 278.6 766.5 0.0 -0.9 -37.2 296.7 236.3 297.3 255.7 300.5 254.5 299.4 256.3 295.5 238.0 298.2 256.7 298.3 256.4 298.4 258.1 0.1 1.7 Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . Credit intermediation and related activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . . Activities related to credit intermediation.. . Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 8,084 6,005.5 17.6 8,185 6,105.8 17.8 8,209 6,109.8 17.8 8,243 6,120.2 17.8 8,098 6,021.1 17.7 8,229 6,117.3 17.9 8,247 6,131.5 18.0 8,255 6,134.4 17.9 8 2.9 -0.1 2,563.7 1,681.7 1,276.4 588.9 293.1 2,584.2 1,682.6 1,267.5 601.8 299.8 2,588.0 1,682.4 1,266.6 602.6 303.0 2,591.1 1,683.1 1,265.4 603.2 304.8 2,570.5 1,684.1 1,278.0 591.9 294.4 2,590.1 1,684.3 1,267.5 604.4 301.4 2,597.7 1,685.3 1,267.5 608.4 304.0 2,595.4 1,684.5 1,265.4 605.7 305.1 -2.3 -0.8 -2.1 -2.7 1.1 897.7 2,526.5 2,078.6 1,509.4 545.4 23.8 918.3 2,585.5 2,078.7 1,527.9 527.6 23.2 920.6 2,583.4 2,098.7 1,535.7 539.8 23.2 923.0 2,588.3 2,122.9 1,548.4 551.1 23.4 901.0 2,531.9 2,076.4 1,509.7 543.0 23.7 921.5 2,587.8 2,111.3 1,545.9 541.9 23.5 924.7 2,591.1 2,115.1 1,544.7 546.9 23.5 926.7 2,594.4 2,120.6 1,548.8 548.5 23.3 2.0 3.3 5.5 4.1 1.6 -0.2 See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p Change from: Apr.2016 May2016p Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer systems design and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scientific research and development services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Other professional and technical services. . . Management of companies and enterprises. . . Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . . Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Travel arrangement and reservation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investigation and security services. . . . . . . . Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Waste management and remediation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,607 8,528.8 1,116.5 922.2 1,408.9 133.6 19,829 8,867.0 1,120.1 1,126.0 1,414.4 137.4 20,091 8,915.1 1,118.9 1,109.4 1,422.6 139.9 20,128 8,814.5 1,120.3 969.9 1,434.7 142.3 19,585 8,583.9 1,119.7 970.1 1,407.3 132.8 20,045 8,818.6 1,124.0 1,011.4 1,433.4 139.0 20,100 8,843.9 1,123.4 1,013.3 1,431.9 140.3 20,110 8,869.7 1,123.5 1,018.7 1,434.0 141.6 10 25.8 0.1 5.4 2.1 1.3 1,897.2 1,952.8 1,977.6 1,983.8 1,899.0 1,969.7 1,978.3 1,985.7 7.4 1,264.8 1,299.3 1,315.3 1,327.0 1,268.0 1,312.0 1,322.1 1,329.3 7.2 654.3 479.2 652.1 2,205.0 8,873.3 8,475.6 470.1 141.9 3,525.6 2,871.8 886.4 660.9 488.7 667.4 2,252.2 8,710.2 8,313.5 483.9 146.6 3,461.5 2,802.6 903.0 664.2 492.9 674.3 2,253.3 8,922.3 8,519.1 486.1 145.4 3,519.6 2,849.9 904.1 669.4 495.0 672.1 2,257.8 9,055.3 8,648.7 489.5 144.7 3,557.3 2,882.7 901.4 652.7 480.9 653.4 2,206.3 8,795.2 8,398.3 469.5 141.0 3,518.0 2,863.2 895.0 663.7 491.7 673.8 2,258.9 8,967.5 8,562.8 485.9 146.0 3,571.9 2,896.3 904.6 665.4 494.9 674.2 2,263.3 8,992.4 8,585.3 486.6 144.7 3,575.0 2,901.3 907.5 667.8 496.4 672.7 2,260.0 8,980.6 8,575.0 488.7 144.0 3,556.0 2,880.3 908.8 2.4 1.5 -1.5 -3.3 -11.8 -10.3 2.1 -0.7 -19.0 -21.0 1.3 203.2 865.3 2,077.1 306.0 202.0 881.2 1,917.5 317.8 204.0 886.3 2,051.0 322.6 205.5 893.4 2,138.7 318.2 201.7 868.2 2,000.6 304.4 203.3 887.8 2,045.5 317.9 203.9 893.7 2,052.4 321.5 204.0 895.4 2,061.1 316.9 0.1 1.7 8.7 -4.6 397.7 396.7 403.2 406.6 396.9 404.7 407.1 405.6 -1.5 Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices of other health practitioners. . . . . Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . . Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Other ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . . Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mental health facilities. . . . . . Community care facilities for the elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . . Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Emergency and other relief services. . . . . . Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . . Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,038 3,494.2 18,544.1 15,004.5 6,841.9 2,520.1 904.6 811.9 745.2 257.7 1,314.5 22,673 3,676.0 18,997.0 15,384.1 7,041.1 2,585.7 924.5 839.6 765.7 259.0 1,374.1 22,751 3,708.6 19,042.8 15,426.5 7,066.5 2,585.8 930.4 847.3 771.1 258.8 1,381.2 22,719 3,590.5 19,128.6 15,489.7 7,101.3 2,597.6 935.2 856.0 773.7 258.3 1,389.8 21,962 3,450.3 18,512.0 15,015.0 6,842.2 2,522.8 905.8 810.8 744.6 257.6 1,313.2 22,527 3,514.4 19,012.8 15,420.4 7,061.0 2,589.4 930.4 842.5 767.2 258.8 1,379.6 22,573 3,528.7 19,044.6 15,456.3 7,075.9 2,590.6 933.4 847.3 770.8 258.8 1,382.5 22,640 3,540.4 19,100.0 15,502.0 7,099.4 2,599.6 935.9 852.7 772.8 258.6 1,388.1 67 11.7 55.4 45.7 23.5 9.0 2.5 5.4 2.0 -0.2 5.6 287.9 4,877.5 3,285.1 1,646.2 605.0 292.5 5,036.0 3,307.0 1,645.9 612.5 291.9 5,051.1 3,308.9 1,648.2 611.6 290.7 5,067.3 3,321.1 1,655.9 613.4 287.5 4,885.6 3,287.2 1,648.1 606.0 292.9 5,041.8 3,317.6 1,652.1 613.9 292.5 5,061.2 3,319.2 1,653.4 613.8 291.7 5,077.7 3,324.9 1,658.1 614.5 -0.8 16.5 5.7 4.7 0.7 872.0 161.9 3,539.6 2,149.2 154.4 337.3 898.7 886.7 161.9 3,612.9 2,204.1 158.1 333.0 917.7 886.9 162.2 3,616.3 2,204.4 156.3 336.0 919.6 889.3 162.5 3,638.9 2,220.4 157.3 337.0 924.2 870.8 162.3 3,497.0 2,130.1 154.2 337.9 874.8 888.7 162.9 3,592.4 2,200.1 158.3 336.7 897.2 889.3 162.7 3,588.3 2,196.2 156.6 338.2 897.3 889.4 162.9 3,598.0 2,203.9 157.2 336.8 900.1 0.1 0.2 9.7 7.7 0.6 -1.4 2.8 Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . 15,348 2,262.6 485.4 15,041 2,066.7 454.4 15,367 2,179.0 490.6 15,728 2,308.0 493.5 15,059 2,166.7 457.5 15,431 2,222.9 471.7 15,442 2,227.7 477.4 15,453 2,217.3 467.2 11 -10.4 -10.2 156.9 1,620.3 13,085.4 145.8 1,466.5 12,973.8 152.9 1,535.5 13,187.6 164.0 1,650.5 13,420.0 152.2 1,557.0 12,892.5 154.0 1,597.2 13,207.7 155.1 1,595.2 13,214.6 158.5 1,591.6 13,235.3 3.4 -3.6 20.7 Industry Private service-providing - Continued See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p Change from: Apr.2016 May2016p Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 1,922.6 11,162.8 1,861.5 11,112.3 1,877.3 11,310.3 1,921.8 11,498.2 1,917.1 10,975.4 1,923.5 11,284.2 1,921.2 11,293.4 1,919.7 11,315.6 -1.5 22.2 Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership associations and organizations. . . 5,652 1,283.9 1,415.6 2,952.2 5,654 1,289.7 1,415.1 2,948.8 5,685 1,295.7 1,431.4 2,957.7 5,714 1,302.0 1,441.8 2,970.2 5,622 1,272.6 1,401.5 2,947.9 5,681 1,291.6 1,424.3 2,964.8 5,686 1,291.8 1,428.3 2,966.0 5,685 1,291.6 1,427.7 2,965.5 -1 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5 Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 22,354 2,750.0 2,157.4 592.2 5,121.0 2,438.7 2,682.6 14,483.0 8,170.8 6,312.2 22,482 2,758.0 2,153.9 604.5 5,269.0 2,601.4 2,667.9 14,455.0 8,173.3 6,281.5 22,501 2,768.0 2,165.9 602.0 5,275.0 2,602.8 2,672.3 14,458.0 8,146.3 6,311.5 22,455 2,781.0 2,173.9 607.1 5,124.0 2,448.7 2,674.8 14,550.0 8,159.3 6,390.8 21,988 2,752.0 2,156.9 595.0 5,096.0 2,421.0 2,674.9 14,140.0 7,825.8 6,313.7 22,083 2,771.0 2,166.7 604.3 5,111.0 2,437.3 2,673.6 14,201.0 7,818.5 6,382.7 22,076 2,767.0 2,169.6 597.2 5,110.0 2,436.4 2,673.5 14,199.0 7,810.4 6,389.0 22,089 2,779.0 2,172.5 606.9 5,103.0 2,435.1 2,667.9 14,207.0 7,815.1 6,391.6 13 12.0 2.9 9.7 -7.0 -1.3 -5.6 8.0 4.7 2.6 Industry Accommodation and food services Continued 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. 2 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 34.5 40.3 43.6 39.0 40.7 41.1 40.1 33.4 34.6 38.9 31.4 38.9 42.3 36.3 37.6 36.2 32.8 26.3 31.8 34.4 40.1 42.7 38.7 40.6 41.1 39.8 33.3 34.3 38.8 31.0 38.9 42.0 36.0 37.6 36.0 32.9 26.1 31.8 34.4 40.3 43.4 39.1 40.7 41.2 40.0 33.3 34.4 38.9 31.1 38.8 42.4 36.0 37.6 36.1 32.8 26.1 31.9 34.4 40.3 44.2 39.1 40.8 41.2 40.1 33.3 34.3 38.8 31.0 38.9 42.0 36.0 37.5 36.1 32.8 26.1 31.9 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.................................................................. . 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 Industry p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities.................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services.................... . Leisure and hospitality............................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $24.97 26.12 31.01 27.34 25.16 26.52 22.79 24.70 21.79 28.72 17.41 22.88 36.94 34.86 31.52 30.02 25.22 14.31 22.43 $25.45 26.66 31.79 27.85 25.74 27.05 23.47 25.17 22.19 29.30 17.80 23.06 37.91 36.07 32.14 30.56 25.57 14.70 22.75 $25.54 26.81 32.05 27.93 25.91 27.21 23.67 25.24 22.23 29.41 17.79 23.09 38.15 36.24 32.18 30.66 25.66 14.77 22.79 $25.59 26.91 32.27 28.04 25.99 27.27 23.79 25.29 22.25 29.48 17.84 23.03 38.01 36.59 32.18 30.72 25.71 14.81 22.84 $861.47 1,052.64 1,352.04 1,066.26 1,024.01 1,089.97 913.88 824.98 753.93 1,117.21 546.67 890.03 1,562.56 1,265.42 1,185.15 1,086.72 827.22 376.35 713.27 $875.48 1,069.07 1,357.43 1,077.80 1,045.04 1,111.76 934.11 838.16 761.12 1,136.84 551.80 897.03 1,592.22 1,298.52 1,208.46 1,100.16 841.25 383.67 723.45 $878.58 1,080.44 1,390.97 1,092.06 1,054.54 1,121.05 946.80 840.49 764.71 1,144.05 553.27 895.89 1,617.56 1,304.64 1,209.97 1,106.83 841.65 385.50 727.00 $880.30 1,084.47 1,426.33 1,096.36 1,060.39 1,123.52 953.98 842.16 763.18 1,143.82 553.04 895.87 1,596.42 1,317.24 1,206.75 1,108.99 843.29 386.54 728.60 p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours1 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2 Industry May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p Percent change from: Apr. 2016 May 2016p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.5 89.9 112.9 86.4 90.2 89.9 91.2 107.4 101.1 99.6 99.5 107.6 102.0 91.1 99.7 111.5 117.6 113.0 103.1 105.0 89.9 96.2 88.9 89.8 89.1 91.2 109.2 101.8 100.2 100.3 108.5 102.6 91.5 101.3 113.5 121.0 114.9 104.2 105.1 90.3 96.3 89.8 90.0 89.4 91.6 109.4 102.1 100.5 100.6 108.5 103.5 91.6 101.6 114.1 120.9 115.0 104.6 105.2 90.1 96.5 89.6 90.2 89.2 92.0 109.5 101.8 100.1 100.3 108.7 102.3 90.4 101.4 114.2 121.3 115.1 104.6 0.1 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 -1.2 -1.3 -0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 1 May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p Percent change from: Apr. 2016 May 2016p 123.5 106.1 140.6 102.6 105.6 105.9 105.5 128.9 118.5 119.4 114.6 124.9 124.4 113.0 122.6 135.6 142.6 130.5 126.7 127.8 108.3 122.8 107.6 107.5 107.1 108.6 133.6 121.5 122.5 118.0 127.0 128.5 117.5 127.0 140.5 148.8 136.3 129.9 128.4 109.4 123.9 108.9 108.5 108.0 110.0 134.2 122.1 123.4 118.3 127.1 130.5 118.2 127.5 141.8 149.2 137.0 130.6 128.6 109.6 125.1 109.1 109.0 108.0 111.1 134.5 121.9 123.1 118.3 127.1 128.5 117.8 127.3 142.1 149.9 137.5 130.9 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.5 0.0 1.0 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -1.5 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees Industry May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods................................. . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................... . Information........................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................... . Government............................................ . 69,803 57,225 4,278 114 811 3,353 1,804 1,549 52,947 10,870 1,730.7 7,864.5 1,141.3 133.7 1,099 4,624 8,708 16,898 7,815 2,933 12,578 71,135 58,486 4,294 104 830 3,360 1,799 1,561 54,192 11,078 1,745.8 8,034.1 1,163.6 134.2 1,110 4,701 8,986 17,358 7,989 2,970 12,649 71,208 58,564 4,294 102 831 3,361 1,800 1,561 54,270 11,088 1,748.9 8,035.9 1,169.8 133.3 1,108 4,704 9,017 17,378 8,000 2,975 12,644 71,293 58,645 4,291 102 829 3,360 1,799 1,561 54,354 11,086 1,747.9 8,029.7 1,175.5 132.7 1,100 4,710 9,033 17,440 8,010 2,975 12,648 49.3 47.9 21.9 13.8 12.6 27.2 23.2 34.0 53.0 40.5 29.5 50.4 23.6 24.0 40.0 57.1 44.5 76.9 51.9 52.2 57.2 49.5 48.1 21.8 14.5 12.5 27.3 23.4 34.0 53.1 40.6 29.5 50.5 23.9 23.8 39.9 57.1 44.8 77.1 51.8 52.3 57.3 49.5 48.1 21.8 14.4 12.5 27.3 23.4 34.0 53.1 40.6 29.5 50.5 24.0 23.6 39.8 57.0 44.9 77.0 51.8 52.3 57.3 49.5 48.1 21.9 14.7 12.5 27.4 23.4 33.9 53.2 40.6 29.6 50.4 24.1 23.6 40.0 57.1 44.9 77.0 51.8 52.3 57.3 p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [In thousands] Industry May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing....................................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... . Wholesale trade.................................................................. . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing............................................... . Utilities............................................................................. . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services.............................................. . Education and health services.................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . 98,540 14,117 605 4,836 8,676 5,356 3,320 84,423 22,608 4,709.2 13,274.3 4,176.1 448.3 2,221 6,247 16,108 19,271 13,288 4,680 100,184 14,174 511 5,019 8,644 5,307 3,337 86,010 22,940 4,735.8 13,535.6 4,216.5 451.7 2,247 6,375 16,412 19,753 13,571 4,712 100,248 14,157 500 5,027 8,630 5,300 3,330 86,091 22,922 4,733.6 13,516.6 4,220.1 451.8 2,247 6,387 16,441 19,790 13,588 4,716 100,247 14,122 489 5,020 8,613 5,283 3,330 86,125 22,907 4,723.1 13,515.6 4,217.6 450.4 2,209 6,396 16,445 19,854 13,601 4,713 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 33.6 41.1 45.6 39.3 41.8 42.1 41.3 32.4 33.7 38.5 30.1 38.7 42.4 35.8 37.1 35.3 32.0 25.0 30.7 33.6 40.9 44.3 39.2 41.7 42.1 41.1 32.4 33.5 38.5 29.7 38.9 42.1 35.4 37.0 35.5 32.2 24.9 30.7 33.6 41.2 45.2 39.7 41.8 42.2 41.1 32.4 33.5 38.6 29.8 38.9 42.2 35.5 37.1 35.5 32.2 24.9 30.9 33.6 41.1 46.2 39.5 41.8 42.2 41.2 32.4 33.5 38.5 29.7 38.9 42.0 35.5 36.9 35.5 32.2 24.9 30.8 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.................................................................. . 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.1 Industry 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities.................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services.................... . Leisure and hospitality............................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $20.99 21.92 26.44 25.19 19.86 20.94 18.08 20.79 18.62 23.67 14.74 20.73 33.94 29.00 25.25 24.74 22.06 12.39 18.97 $21.40 22.37 26.84 25.68 20.29 21.34 18.57 21.20 18.93 24.06 15.04 20.93 34.62 29.67 26.01 25.19 22.39 12.74 19.16 $21.46 22.46 27.08 25.66 20.40 21.46 18.67 21.26 18.95 24.11 15.04 20.92 35.12 29.80 26.18 25.27 22.44 12.77 19.18 $21.49 22.51 27.13 25.80 20.41 21.45 18.72 21.27 18.95 24.21 15.05 20.83 34.88 29.86 26.13 25.34 22.44 12.82 19.22 $705.26 900.91 1,205.66 989.97 830.15 881.57 746.70 673.60 627.49 911.30 443.67 802.25 1,439.06 1,038.20 936.78 873.32 705.92 309.75 582.38 $719.04 914.93 1,189.01 1,006.66 846.09 898.41 763.23 686.88 634.16 926.31 446.69 814.18 1,457.50 1,050.32 962.37 894.25 720.96 317.23 588.21 $721.06 925.35 1,224.02 1,018.70 852.72 905.61 767.34 688.82 634.83 930.65 448.19 813.79 1,482.06 1,057.90 971.28 897.09 722.57 317.97 592.66 $722.06 925.16 1,253.41 1,019.10 853.14 905.19 771.26 689.15 634.83 932.09 446.99 810.29 1,464.96 1,060.03 964.20 899.57 722.57 319.22 591.98 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [2002=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours2 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3 Industry May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p Percent change from: Apr. 2016 May 2016p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110.3 88.7 146.6 95.2 83.3 84.7 80.8 116.5 106.2 106.8 101.1 121.7 97.2 90.8 109.1 127.4 131.4 121.7 100.8 112.2 88.6 120.3 98.5 82.7 84.0 80.8 118.7 107.1 107.4 101.8 123.5 97.3 90.8 111.0 130.6 135.6 123.8 101.5 112.2 89.1 120.1 99.9 82.8 84.0 80.6 118.8 107.0 107.6 102.0 123.6 97.5 91.0 111.6 130.8 135.8 123.9 102.2 112.2 88.7 120.1 99.3 82.6 83.8 80.8 118.8 107.0 107.1 101.6 123.5 96.7 89.5 111.1 130.8 136.3 124.1 101.8 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.8 -1.6 -0.4 0.0 0.4 0.2 -0.4 1 May 2015 Mar. 2016 Apr. 2016p May 2016p Percent change from: Apr. 2016 May 2016p 154.7 119.0 225.4 129.4 108.1 110.8 103.2 166.1 141.1 148.9 127.8 160.0 137.7 130.3 169.5 187.6 191.4 171.2 139.3 160.4 121.3 187.8 136.6 109.8 111.8 106.0 172.5 144.7 152.2 131.2 163.9 140.5 133.4 177.7 195.7 200.4 179.1 141.6 160.9 122.6 189.1 138.5 110.5 112.6 106.4 173.2 144.7 152.8 131.4 164.0 142.9 134.3 179.7 196.7 201.2 179.7 142.8 161.2 122.3 189.4 138.3 110.3 112.2 106.9 173.3 144.6 152.7 131.1 163.2 140.8 132.3 178.6 197.3 201.9 180.6 142.6 0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -1.5 -1.5 -0.6 0.3 0.3 0.5 -0.1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
@FedFRASER