Full text of The Employment Situation : May 1980

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News ? •
Contact:

(202)

Carol Leon
Beth Gelin
Kathryn Hoyle

(202)

USDL
80-373
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS
EMBARGOED UNTIL 9:00 A.M. (EDT), FRIDAY,
JUNE 6, 1980

523-1944
523-1371
523-1913
523-1208

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:

MAY

1980

Unemployment rose Sharply for the second straight month and employment continued
in

May,

the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.

S.

jobless rate was 7.8 percent, up from 7.0 percent in

decline

agriculture.

in

nonfarm

employment

was

decline

Department of Labor reported today.
April

and

6.2

percent

Total e m p l o y m e n t — a s measured by the monthly survey of h o u s e h o l d s — e d g e d
300,000

to

partially

offset

by

in

The

March.

down in May,

as

a

an over-the-month gain in

Total employment has declined by nearly 1 million during the past 3 months.

Nonfarm payroll e m p l o y m e n t — a s measured by the monthly survey of establishments—declined
180,000 in May to 90.3 million.

As in

April,

the

drop

was

concentrated

in

by

manufacturing.

Average weekly hours fell for the fourth month in a row.
Unemployment
The unemployment rate rose 0.8 percentage point for the second month in a row and
7.8

percent

in

May,

the

highest rate since November

increased by 900,000 to 8.2 million.
terminations;

job

losers

now

1976.

The number of persons

comprise more than half of the unemployed

Jobless rate increases were pervasive among worker groups.
points

to

19.2 percent.

stood at 6.6 percent in May.
than

at

unemployed

Most of the May increase can be traced to layoffs and

months, the number of unemployed workers has risen by 1.7 million.

percentage

stood

total.

job

In the past 2

(See tables A-l and A-5.)

The teenage rate jumped

The rates for adult men and women continued

Joblessness among adult men has been climbing

at

a

3

full

to rise; each
faster

pace

that for adult women in recent monuhs, and May marked the first time in 2 decades that the

rate for men has been as high as that for women.

Whites 3 blacks,

registered markedly higher rates than those posted in April.

and

full-time

workers

(See table A-2.)

As in the previous month, unemployment increases were especially large among workers in
construction and manufacturing




industries.

also

the

The rate for blue-collar workers also rose sharply.

The number of nonfarm workers on
referred

to

as

the

"partially

part-time

unemployed")

work

schedules

increased

by

Jobholders who usually work full time accounted for two-thirds

for

economic

reasons

530,000

in

of

increase.

the

(often

May to 4.3 million.
(See

table

A-3.)
Employment
Following a drop of 800,000 in the February-April period, there was a small decline in total
employment in May.
million;

about

Over the past 3 months, the overall employment level decreased by

three-quarters

of

the decline occurred among adult men.

nearly

1

The precipitous drop

during recent months wiped out about two-thirds of the employment gains which had occurred since

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
Quarterly averages
Selected categories

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Unemployment rates:

1
1
1
I
1
1

1
1
1
1

1980

1979
I

IV

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

1
1
1
90,108
26,587
63,521

Average weekly hours:

1
1
1
1
35.7
40.2
3.2
1

p=preliminary




Monthly data

1
|
1
| Mar.

|

1980
1
| Apr.

May

1
1
1
|

Thousands of persons
103,749 104,194|104,094|104,419 105,142|
97,665 97,804| 97,656| 97,154 96,988|
6,390 j 6,438| 7,265
8,154|
6,084
58,842 59,022j 59,322| 59,182 58,657|
N.A. j
741
993|
N.A.|
N.A.
1
1
1

5.9
4.2
5.7
16.1
5.1
11.2
5.4

White

I

|

Percent of labor force
1
1
6.1|
6.2 [
7.0
4.71
4.9|
5.9
5. 71
5. 7 |
6.3
16.2|
15.9|
16.2
5.4 j
5.4|
6.2
11.7|
11.8|
12.6
5. 71
5. 8 |
6.6
1
1

Apr.May
change

723
-166
889
-525
N.A.

1
7.8|
6. 61
6.61
19.2|
6.9|
13.9|
7.5|
1

0.8
0.7
0.3
3.0
0.7
1.3
0.9

Thousands of jobs
90,772| 90,819|90,508p 90,328p|
26,705 j 26,600126,210p 25,963p|
64,067| 64,219|64,298p 64,365p|
1
1
1

-180p
-247p
67p

Hours of work
1
1
1
35.5|
35.4| 35.3p
35.lp|
40.1|
39.8| 39.6p
39.4p|
3.2 j
3.21
2.9p
2.6p|
1
1
1
N.A.=not available

-0. 2p
-0. 2p
-0.3p

May a year ago, such that total employment was up only about half a million over the past
The

employment-population

ratio

was

58.5

year.

percent in May, the lowest it has been in 2 years.

(See table A-1.)
There were sharp contrasts in April-to-May movements among the
The number of blue-collar workers fell by 450,000, continuing
registered in recent months.

major

occupational

groups.

the steep declines which have been

In contrast, white-collar employment was up 200,000 in May and has

maintained a moderate growth pace.

(See table A-3.)

The civilian labor force swelled by 725,000 in May to 105.1 million, as a disproportionately
large number of persons under 25 years of age entered the labor force; they accounted
than

half of the over-the-month growth.

for

more

The May labor force activity brought the overall

labor

force participation rate to a record 64.2 percent, up 0.4 point from April.
Industry Payroll Employment
Nonagricultural payroll employment fell by 180,000 in May and was
since

February.

past year.

jobs

in

the

transportation

percent, in the past 2 months.
primary

metals,

in

manufacturing,

lumber

equipment

which

lost

about

in

where

60,000

industry has fallen by about

Substantial over-the-month

declines

also

employment

were

for

jobs.

The

175,000, or 9
registered

and wood products, and stone, glass, and clay products.

nondurable goods manufacturing generally showed only small changes, except
35,000

500,000

Most affected by the cutbacks were the durable goods industries, particularly

transportation equipment and fabricated metals, each of
of

than

(See table B-l.)

by 275,000.

number

more

At 90.3 million, payroll employment has grown by less than 1 million over the

The over-the-month decline took place almost entirely
fell

down

in

Employment in
a

decrease

of

rubber and plastic products and an increase of about the same magnitude in petroleum

and coal products, where striking workers returned to their jobs.
Elsewhere in
construction

the

goods-producing

jobs were about unchanged.

sector,

mining

employment

rose

over

the

month

and

Construction employment had dropped by 300,000 between

January and April.
In the service-producing

sector, there was slow

employment

growth.

Most

of

the

70,000

advance was accounted for by an increase in services industry jobs, although finance, insurance,




- 4 and

real estate also showed a gain.

An 85,000 decline in Federal government jobs primarily was

due to reductions in the number of temporary workers for

the

1980

Decennial

Census;

Federal

employment had shown a rise of nearly 300,000 between February and April.
Hours of Work
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on
0.2

hour

private

nonfarm

payrolls

dropped

by

to 35.1 hours in May; average weekly hours have fallen for 4 consecutive

months.

The manufacturing workweek also was down 0.2 hour and has fallen by nearly 1 hour
Factory overtime declined 0.3 hour in May to 2.6 hours, following

January.

same magnitude in April.

production

or

nonsupervisory

payrolls was down 0.7 percent over the month to 123.6

declines in both employment and weekly hours.

rose

workers

index dropped

the

on

private

by

2.5

the

percent

(See table B-5.)

Earnings

Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on
payrolls

of

(1967=100) in May, reflecting

The manufacturing

over the month and was down 6.1 percent since January.
Hourly and Weekly

decline

(See table B-2.)

The index of aggregate weekly hours of
nonfarm

a

since

0.5

percent

(seasonally adjusted).

over

the

month

and

were

7.9

private

nonagricultural

percent above the May 1979 level

Average weekly earnings edged down by 0.1 percent from

April

but

have

risen by 6.1 percent over the year.
Before adjustment

for seasonality, average hourly earnings rose 4 cents in May to $6.57

were 48 cents above the May 1979 level.
month and $13.75 over the year.
The Hourly Earnings

Average weekly earnings were $229.95, up $1.40 over the

(See table B-3.)

Index

The Hourly Earnings I n d e x — e a r n i n g s adjusted

for overtime in manufacturing, seasonality, and

the effects of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage
247.9

(1967=100) in May, 0.6 percent higher than in April.

a year ago.

In dollars of constant purchasing

12-month period ended in April.




and

and

low-wage

industries—was

The Index was 9.0 percent above May

power, the Index decreased 5.2 percent during

(See table B-4.)

the

Chart 1. Civilian labor force and employment
(Seasonally
THOUSANDS
120000

adjusted)
THOUSANDS
•120000

Civilian labor force
• Total employed
• Nonagricultural payroll employment

m
105142
110000

H100000

90000

80000

H 80000

70000

70000
1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1960

1979

Chart 2. Unemployment r a t e — a i l ctvlltan workers
PERCENT
11.0

PERCENT
11.0

• SMM)wily adjusted
•Not •saeonaKy adjusted

m
V

9.0

%

x S -

-

\

7.8
7.0

% •• ••
v

\

V

\

9.0

\

T

**-J

7.0

v
1
/ \

\

rx

\

* J

nV H iw\
*
\4k X

/

,

rI, Ipf

r\

N
5.0

5.0

3.0 r r
1969

X.

3.0

V

1970

i

1971

1972

1973

*••

'-.J*

1974

1975

1976

Chart 3. Civilian labor force participation
and t o t a l employment-population r a t i o
(Seasonally
PERCENT
70.0

65.0

7.0

1978

1979

1980

rate

adjusted)

- Parti cIpatlon rate
yment^poputatfon ratio

W S

N X

.\ \ X \ VN
V \ \
\ V \

-

1977

PERCENT
70.0
m

84.2
96.5
65.0

60.0

60.0
jt
/

—

55.0

55.0

\ N \
50.0
1968 1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1978
1977
Note: The shaded areas deplot the business oyole peaks and troughs
ae deetgnated by the National Bureau of Economic Reeearoh.




50.0
1978

1979

1980

Explanatory Note
This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (household
survey) and the Current Employment Statistics Survey
(establishment survey). The household survey provides
the information on the labor force, total employment,
and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked
HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about
65,000 households that is conducted by the Bureau of
the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on
the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information
is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation
with State agencies. The sample includes approximately
162,000 establishments employing more than 32 million
people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually collected for and relate to a particular week. In
the household survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is
the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the
month, which is called the survey week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond
directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of
technical factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable
variance in results between a survey of a sample and a
census of the entire population. Each of these factors is
explained below.
Coverage, definitions and differences between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are
selected so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Those who hold
more than one job are classified according to the job at
which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work
at all as paid civilians; worked in their own business or
profession or on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or
more in an enterprise operated by a member of their
family, whether they were paid or not. People are also
counted as employed if they were on unpaid leave
because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor
and management, or personal reasons.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of
their eligibility for unemployment benefits or public
assistance, if they meet all of the following criteria:
They haji no employment during the survey week; they
were available for work at that time; and they made
specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
prior 4 weeks. Also included among the unemployed are
persons not looking for work because they were laid off



and waiting to be recalled and those expecting to report
to a job within 30 days.
The civilian labor force equals the sum of the number
employed and the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the percentage of unemployed people in the
civilian labor force. Table A-7 presents a special grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force.
The definitions are provided in the table. The most
restrictive definition yields U-l, and the most comprehensive yields U-7. The official unemployment rate
is U-5.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment
survey only counts wage and salary employees whose
names appear on the payroll records of nonagricultural
firms. As a result, there are many differences between
the two surveys, among which are the following:,
-—The household survey, although based on a
smaller sample, reflects a larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture, the
self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private
household workers;
— T h e household survey includes people on unpaid
leave among the employed; the establishment survey
does not;
-—The household survey is limited to those 16 years
of age and older; the establishment survey is not limited
by age;
— T h e household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once;
in the establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one
payroll would be counted separately for each
appearance.
Other differences between the two surveys are
described in "Comparing Employment Estimates from
Household and Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS upon request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over a course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events
as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing
of schools. For example, the labor force increases by a
large number each June, when schools close and many
young people enter the job market. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large; over the course of a
year, for example, seasonality may account for as much
as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in
unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical
trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from
month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in economic activity or

increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. To return to the schooPs-out example, the large number of people entering the labor
force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to
determine if the level of economic activity has risen or
declined. However, because the effect of students
finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics
for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is
made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more
useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic
activity.
Measures of civilian labor force, employment, and
unemployment contain components such as age and sex.
Statistics for all employees, production workers,
average weekly hours, and average hourly earnings include components based on the employer's industry. All
these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the components
and combining them. The second procedure usually
yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted
figure for the civilian labor force is the sum of eight
seasonally adjusted employment components and four
seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the
total for unemployment is the sum of the four
unemployment components; and the official unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of
total unemployment by the estimate of the civilian labor
force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June
period and again for the July-December period. The
January revision is applied to data that have been
published over the previous 5 years. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment
are calculated only once a year, along with the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussed at the end
of the next section.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to sampling error, that is, the
estimate of the number of people employed and the
other estimates drawn from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the amount
of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard
errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey,
and olher factors. However, the numerical value is
always such that the chances are 68 out of 100 that an
estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than
the standard error from the results of a complete census.
The chances are 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on
the sample will differ by no more than 1.6 times the




standard error from the results of a complete census. At
the 90-percent level of confidence~the confidence limits
used by BLS in its analyses-the error for the monthly
change in total employment is on the order of plus or
minus 293,000; for total unemployment, it is 185,000;
and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19
percentage point. These figures do not mean that the
sample results are off by these magnitudes but, rather,
that the chances are 90 out of 100 that the "true" level
or rate would not be expected to differ from the
estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced
when the data are cumulated for several months, such
as quarterly or annually. Also, as a general rule7
the smaller the estimate, the larger the sampling
error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the estimate
of the size of the labor force is subject to less
error than is the estimate of the number unemployed.
And, among the unemployed, the sampling error for the
jobless rate of adult men, for example, is much smaller
than is the error for the jobless rate of teenagers.
Specifically, the error on monthly change in the jobless
rate for men is .23 percentage point; for teenagers, it is
1.06 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most
current months are based on incomplete returns; for this
reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the
tables. When all the returns in the sample have been
received, the estimates are revised. In other words, data
for the month of September are published in
preliminary form in October and November and in final
form in December. To remove errors that build up over
time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes
can be measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries and allow for
the formation of new establishments.
Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's
employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide
variety of data in this news release. More comprehensive
statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings,
published each month by BLS. It is available for $2.75
per issue or $22.00 per year from the U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20204. A check or
money order made out to the Superintendent of
Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of the standard errors for the household survey
data published in this release. For unemployment and
other labor force categories, the standard errors appear
in tables A through I of its "Explanatory Notes."
Measures of the reliability of the data drawn from the
establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision
due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables K
through P of that publication.

HOUSEHOLD

HOUSEHOLD DATA

DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the noninstitutional population
Numbers in thousand^

«
Employment status

May
1979

Apr.

.May

1980

1980

M

r

1979

•, > • •

Jan.

Feb.

ilar.

Apr.

May

1980

1980

1980

1980

1980

TOTAL

5.2
5 9 , 7 08

165,693
2,092
1 6 3 , 601
103,412
6 3.?
96,566
58. 3
3,081
93,485
6,846
6.6
60,188

165,836
2,088
163,799
104,028
6 3.5
96,70 9
5 8.3
3,43 6
9 3 , 273
7,318
7. 0
59,771

163,260
2,078
161,182
102,398
63.5
96,495
59. 1
3 , 2 46
93,249
5,903
5. 8
58,784

165,101
2,081
163,020
104,229
63.9
9"?, 834
39.2
? ,270
94,534
6,425
6.2
5R,791

165,298
2,086
163,211
104,260
63.9
97,953
59.3
3,326
94,626
6,307
6.0"
58,951

165,506
2,090
163,416
104,094
63.7
97,656
59.0
3,358
94,298
6,438
6.2
59,322

165,693
2,092
163, 601
104,419
63.8
97,154
58.6
3,242
93,912
7,265
7.0
5 9 , 182

165,886
2,088
163,799
105,142
64.2
96,988
58.5
3,379
93,609
8,154
7.8
58,657

69,767
6 8, 123
5 4 , 1 05
79.4
52,175
74.3
2 , 3 42
4 9 , 8 33
1,930
3.6
1 4 , 0 18

7 0 , 988
6 9, 329
54,842
79. 1
51,605
72.7
2,255
49,350
3,236
5.9
14,487

71 , 0 3 3
69,428
55,156
79.4
51,834
72.9
2,422
49,412
3,322
6.0
14,272

69,787
68,123
54,288
79.7
52,158
74.7
2,301
49,857
2,130
3.9
1 3 , 8 35

70,695
69,047
54,855
79.4
52,279
73. 9
2,387
4 9 , 892
2,577
4.7
iaf192

70,792
6 9,140
55,038
79.6
52,531
74.2
2,435
50,096
2,507
4.6
14,102

70,896
69,238
54,996
79.4
52,300
73. 8
2,394
49,906
2,696
4. 9
14,242

70,988
69,329
55,114
79.5
51,86 8
73. 1
2,320
49,548
3,246
5. 9
14,215

71,083
69,428
55,467
79.9
51,796
72.9
2,384
4 9 , 4 12
3,671
6.6
13,961

76,782
76,670
3 8,4 02
50.1
36,413
47.4
5 97
3 5,816
1 , 9 89
5.2
3 8 , 2 68

73,110
77,981
40,m
51.4
37,787
48.4
514
37,273
2,324
5.8
37,870

78,219
78,090
39,970
51.2
37,558
48.0
635
36,923
2,411
6.0
38,121

76,782
76,670
38,619
50.4
36,411
47.4
577
35,834
2,208
5.7
38,051

77,779
77,656
39,878
51.4
37,574
43.3
540
37,034
2,304
5.8
37,778

77,890
77,766
39,857
51.3
37,604
48.3
567
37,037
2,254
5.7
37,909

78,005
77,876
39,751
51.0
37,496
48. 1
582
36,914
2,255
5.7
38,125

78,110
77, 981
40,137
51.5
37,602
48. 1
552
3 7,051
2,534
6.3
37,844

78,219
78,090
40,246
51.5
37,576
48.0
616
36,960
2,670
6.6
37,844

16,6 92
1 6,389
8 , 9 66
54.7
7 , 6 32
45.7
3 70
7,262
1,3 34
14.9
7,423

16,595
16,291
8,460
51.9
7 , 174
43.2
311
6,863
1,286
15.2
7,831

16,584
16,281
3,902
54.7
7,317
44. 1
378
6,939
1 ,585
17.8
7 , 378

16,692
16,389
9,491
57.9
7,926
47. 5
368
7,558
1,565
16.5
6,898

16,627
16,317
9,497
• 5 8*2
7,952
47.8
344
7,608
1,545
16.3
6,82 0

16r, 6 16
16,305
9,365
57.4
7,818
47. 1
325 .
7,493
1,547
16.5
6,940

16,606
16,302
9,346
57.3
7,859
47. 3
381
7,478
1 ,487
15.9
6,956

1 6,595
16, 291
9 , 168
56.3
7,683
46.3
370
7,313
1,485
16. 2
7 , 123

16,584
16,281
9,429
57.9
7 , 6 16
45.9
379
7,237
1,813
19.2
6,852

142,978
141,331
89,456
63.3
85,482
59.8
3,974
4.4
51,815

144,870
143,254
91,245
63.7
85,886
59.3
5,359
5.9
52,010

145,016
143,403
91,698
63.9
85,980
59.3
5,719
6.2
51,705

142,97 8
141,331
90,120
63.8
85,632
59.9
4,488
5.0
51,211

144,730
143,115
91,821
64.2
86,822
60.0
4,999
5.4
51,294

.144,870
143,254
92,083
64.3
86,385
59.6
5,698
6.2
51,171

1,45, 016
143,403
92,535
64.5
86,148
59.4
6,386
6.9
50,868

1 6 3 , 2 60
2,073
16 1, 182
10 1,473
6 3.0
9 6 , 2 20
ca G

otal noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

3, 3 09
9 2 , 9 11
c -> c-j

Men, 20 years and over
otal noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
otal noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16-19 years
)tal noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
otal noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

..

144,570
14U,421
142,806
142,951
91,977
91,852
64.3
64.3
87,081
86,895 *
60.2
60.2
4,957
4,896
5.3
5.4
50,975
50,954

Black and other
>tal noninstitutional population1
Gvilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force . . . . . . . . . .
.
Participation rale
Employed
..
cmoioyment-popuiation ratio2
Unemployment rate
Not in isoor force

on , o
Zu
O oo
Zz
20,346
19,850
1 2 , 0 17
12,168
60.5
59.8
10,680
10^738
52.9
51.3
1,487
-.,2 70
" 0.6 •
12.2
7,S33
j
8,179

onU , oo*)
Z
z r>z

„....„

|
|
I
•
j

1
The population and Armed rorces figures are not adpictKt for seasonal variations; therefore,
mtical numbers appear in the unao justed and seasonally adjusted columns




20 870
20^ 395
12,32960.5
10,729
51.4
1.600
13.0 !
8,066 i

20 28 2
19* 850
12,219
61.6
10,816
53.3
1,403
11.5
7,631

fiRfiV
ton UO
20,214
12,453
61.6
1 0 , 979
53. 1
.1, 474
11.8
7,761

20,777
20 727
20^301
20*261
12,266
12,362
60.4
61.0
10,937
10,823
52. 1
52.8
1 ,443
1,424
11.8 |
11.5
7,899 I
8,035 I

20,82 2
20^ 346
12,319
60.5
^0,771
51.7
1,549
12.6 |
8,027 1

20,870
20,395
12,559
61 . 6
10,813
51.8
1,746
13.9
7,836

2
Civilian employment as a percent of the total noninstHutionai isopuletion anclyHPhg Armed
Fanmh

H O U S E H O L D DATA

H O U S E H O L D DATA

Table A-2. Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousands)

Unemployment rates

Selected categories
H ay

Bay

May

Jail.

Feb.

Ear.

Apr.

1979

1980

1 979

1980

1980

1980

1980

1980

CHARACTERISTICS
5,903
2 , 1 30
2,208
1 ,565

8,154
3,671
2,670
1,813

5.8
3.9
5.7
16.5

6. 2
7
5. 8
16.3

6.0
4.6
5.7
16.5

6.2
4.9
5.7
15.9

7. 0
5. 9
6.3
16.2

7.8
6.6
6.6
19.2

White, total
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years

4,488
1,624
1 ,669
1 , 195

6 , 386
2,92 3
2,001
1, 4 57

5.0
3.4
5.0
14.2

5.4
4.1
5. 1
14.0

5.3
4.0
5.2
13.8

5.4
4.4
4.9
13.8

6.2
5.3
5.5
14.6

6.9
5.9
5.8
17.4

Black and other, total
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years

1,403
439
530
384

1,746
711
661
373

1 1.5
8.4
10.0
36.1

11.8
9.6
10.0
34.6

11.5
9.2
9.0
37.9

11.8
9.3
10.5
33.0

12.6
10. 9
11.4
29.8

13.9
12.0
11.9
35.2

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who head families

1,002
1 ,227
424

1,893
1f 569
422

2.5
5.2
8.6

3.4
c ->
9.2

3.1
5.4
8.5

3. 4
5.3
8.7

4. 1
5.7
9.3

4.7
6.3
8.3

4,533
1,389
1,212

6,740
1,417
1,722'

5.2
9.3
1.2
6.3

5.7
8.7
1.3
6.7

5.6
8.9
1. 2
6.6

5.8
8.3
1.3
6.8

6.6
8.9
1.6
7.5

7.5
9.3
1.6
8.8

Total, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years

Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over1
Labor force time lost2
OCCUPATION

—

—

3

White-collar workers
Managers and administrators, except farm
Clerical workers

Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives

1,644
326
234
251
833
2,319
566
961
207
585
990
98

2,049
426
302
282
1,040
3,924
1,104
1,684
336
799
1, 198
137

3-2
2.1
2.2
4.0
4.5
6.8
4.2
3.2
5.4
11.1
7.2
3.6

3.4
2. 2
1.9
4.4
4.8
P..0
4. 9
9.9
6.9
12.3
6.9
4.4

3.4
2.3
2.2
4.5
4.7
7.7
4.8
9.2
6.7
12.0
6.9
3.9

3.3
2.3
2.4
4.0
4.5
8.0
5.4
9.3
6.6
13.0
7.1
4.0

3.7
2.4
2.6
4.7
5.1
9.7
6.7
11.6
8. 9
1M-1
8.0
5.0

3.9
2.7
2.7
4.5
5.4
11.3
8. 1
14.0
9.0
15.4
8.5
4.8

4,261
506
1,231
608
623
195
1,199
1,088
576
146

6,327
929
2,312
1,479
832
286
1,44 1
1,317
700
186

5.7
10.0
5.4
4.4
6.9
3.6
6.4
4.9
3.6
9.3

6.2
10.8
6.7
6.7
6.8
4.4
6.6
4.6
.3.8
10.3

6.0
10.5
6.4
6.3
6.7
4.4
6.4
4.6
4.0
9.2

6.2
13.0
6.5
6.4
6.7
3.8
6.3
4.9
4.2
10.2

7. 1
15.1
7. S
8.3
7.4
4.6
7.0
5.1
4.4
11.9

8.2
17.5
9.9
10.5
8.8
5.1
7.6
5.7
4.2
11.7

INDUSTRY 3
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers4

Transportation and public utilities

Agricultural wage and salary workers
1

-

Unemployment rate calculated as a percent of civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on pert time for economic reasons as a
percent of potentially available labor force hours.
3
Unemployment by occupation includes all experienced unemployed persons, whereas that by
1




by industry a w w only unemployed wags and salary workers.
Includes mining, not shown separately,

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Selected employment indicators
Hn thousands]
i^A ••••••• .IL. • •il.
11^i
WtK
SNKMIMVy Q
I|
U
n
M
I

Selected categories

May

flay

Jan.

Feb.

Sar.

Apr.

Hay

1980

1979

1980

1930

1980

1980

1980

9 6 , 2 20
56,280
39,941
39,066
22,490

96,709
55,750
40,959
38,147
23,086

96,495
56,372
40,123
39,045
22,54 7

97,804
56,486
41,318
38,749
23,111

97,953
56,732
41,221
38,955
23,178

97,656
56,601
41,054
38,745
23,202

97,154
55,998
41,156
38,342
23,080

96,988
55,823
41,165
38,147
23,155

4 8 , 9 35
15,220
10,312
6,073
17,331
3 1 , 8 59
12,764
10,643
3,689
4 , 7 62
12,728
2,698

50,386
15,691
10,751
5,992
17,952
30,623
12,460
10,222
3,465
4,477
12,890
2,810

49,136
15,100
1 0 , 4 27
6,101
17,508
31,904
12,820
10,755
3,644
4,685
12,772
2,628

50,313
15,337
10,608
6,452
17,915
31,882
12,814
10,678
3,616
4,774
12,979
2,660

50,448
15,444
10,971
6,185
17,848
31,754
12,728
10,661
3,571
4,795
13,080
2,764

50,302
15,397
10,755
6,113
18,037
31,670
12,767
10,579
3,558
4,767
12,981
2,733

5 0 , 4 05
15,542
10,745
5,988
18,129
31,127
12,773
10,408
3,483
4,463
13,034
2,658

50,606
15,551
10,882
6,022
18,152
30,681
12,523
10,336
3,421
4,402
12,932
2,745

1 ,4 46
1,524
339

1,430
1,664
342

1,424
1 ,519
283

1,428
1,554
29 3

1,417
1 ,648
28 3

1,449
1,600
300

1,370
1,591
281

1,405
1,662
289

85,509
15,729
69,780
1,157
68,623
6,870
5 32

85,891
15,910
69,981
1 , 169
68,812
6,907
476

86,232
15,616
70,616
1,195
69,421
6,608
460

87,578
15,414
72,163
1,132
71,031
6,752
379

87,419
15,540
71,879
1 ,178
70,702
6,899
397

87,221
15,622
71,599
1,115
70,484
6,825
376

86,741
15,668
71,072
1,123
69,949
6,813
363

86,631
15,799
70,832
1,206
69,625
6,648
411

8Q,246
73,056
3,100
1,216
1,8 84
13,090

89,103
71,794
4,113
1,963
2 , 150
13,196

87,785
72,496
3,283
1,273
2,010
12,006

89,454
73,223
3* 513
1 ,549
1,964
12,718

88,985
73,110
3,406
1 ,380
2,026
12,469

88,585
72,749
3,418
1,463
1,955
12,418

87,660
71,807
3,816
1,709
2,107
12,037

87,680
71,224
4,349
2,064
2,285
12,106

way
1979

CHARACTERISTICS
Total employed, 16 years and over
Man
Women
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, execpt farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
PERSONS AT WORK1
.
Part time for economic reasons
Usually work full time
Usually work part time
Part time for noneconomic reasons

1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such
reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial disputes.

Table A-4. Duration of unemployment
[Numbers In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Weeks of unemployment

—

Hay

Hay

Hay

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

Hay

1979

1980

1979

1980

1980

1980

1980

1980

2,494
1,4 55
1 , 3 04
768
5 36

3,427
2,044
1,848
1, 100
749

2,823
1,919
1,212
705
507

3,184
1,907
1,334
795
539

2„995
2,081
1,286
790
496

2,995
2,169
1,363
776
587

3,309
2,391
1,629
953
676

3,872
2,697
1,722
1,014
709

12.1
5.7

11.7
5.8

10.9
5.6

it).5
5.2

10.7
5.8

11.0
5.9

11.3
5.7

10.5
5.7

100.0
47.5
27.7
24.8
14.6
10.2

100. 0
46. 8
27.9
25.3
15.0
10.2

100.0
47.4
32.2
20.4
11.8
8.5

100.0
49.6
29.7
20.8
12.4
81 4

100.0
47. 1
32.7
20.2
12.4
7.8

100.0
45.9
33.2
20.9
11.9
9.0

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Lass than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over




100.0
45. 1
32.6
22.2*
13.0
9.2

100.0
46.7
32.5
20.8
12.2
8.5

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

T a M i A-S. Pt+asons for unamploymant

feeiowiy adjusted

Reasons

i el.

yi a r .

A^r.

Say

1980

1 98C

1980

198 0

1980

2 , 3 56
725
1,631
940
1,767
82 4

2,988
1,019
1 ,969
779
1,797
31 1

2,907
1,031
1 ,876
813
1,784
827

3,047
1,129
1,918
7 83
1,803
805

3,611
1 ,424
2 , 188
926
1 ,967
743

4,301
1,944
2,357
992
2,015
884

100. 0
'40.0
12.3
2 7. 7
16.0
30.0
14.0

100. 0
46.9
16. 0
30.9
12.2
28. 2
12.7

100.0
45.9
16 . 3
2 9.o
12.8
28.2
13. 1

100.0
47.3
17.5
29.8
12.2
23.0
12.5

1C0. 0
49. 0
19.6
30.2
12. 8
27. 1
10. 3

100.0
52.5
23.7
28.8
12.1
24.6
10.8

2.9
.7
1.7
.8

2.8
.8
1. 7
. 8

. ' May

ila y

day

J an.

197 Q

19 8 0

1979

7 , 0 97
572
1,525
7 82
1 , 6 14
7 61

3,824
1,528
2,296
8 26
1,844
82 3

100 , 0
39 . 9
10.9
29 . 0
^0.7
14.5

100. 0
52.3
20.9
11.4
11.3
25. 2
11.3

2.1
.a
1.6
i

3.7
.8
1.8
. 8

NUMBER OF UNEaPUOYED
Lost last job
On layoff
Other job losers
Left last job
Reentered labor force
Seeking first job
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

Table A - 6 .

,... *

2.3
.9
1.7
.8

2.9
.3
1.7
Q

3. 5
.9
1.9
. 7

4. 1
.9
1.9
. 8

Unamployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousands)

Unemployment rates

Sex and a§a

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Kay

May

May

Jar..

.Feb.

Mar.

A^r.

19-70

1980

1979

1980

1980

T 980

198 0

Ma,
1980

5 , 903
1,565
747
82°
1 , 355
2,997
2,520
465

8,154
1,813
841
983
1,982
4,374
3,836
529

5.8
16.5
18. 9
15.0
8.9
3.9
4.0.
3. 1

6.2
16.. 3
19.0
14.0
10. 1
4 . 2"
4.4
3.5

6.0
16. 5
18.7
15. 1
9.5
4. 1
4. 5
2.8

6. 2
15. 9
17.4
14.7
9.7
4.4
4.7
2.8

7.0
16.2
18.7
14.4
11.4
5 .0
5.4
3.4

7.8
19.2
21.7
17.7
12.7
5.5
5.9
3.6

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

2,941
811
407
403
674
1 , 451
1,173
258

4,656
985
461
521
1, 163
2,500
2 , 155
322

5.0
16.1
18.9
14.0
8.2
3.1
3.2
2.8

5.7
16.2
19.0
13.9
10.4
3.7
3.3
3.5

5.5
15.6
18.0
14. 1
9.9
3.6
3.8
2.6

5.7
14. 8
15-9
14.0
10.4
3.9
4. 2
2.7

6 .7
16.1
18.3
14.2
12.3
4.7
5.0
3.4

7.7
1 9.7
22.0
17.9
13.7
5.3
5. 7
3.5

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

2,962
754
340
426
681
1,546
1 ,347
207

3,498
828
380
462
819
1,874
1,682
207

6.9
16.9
18.8
16.0
9.7
4.9
5.2
3.6

6. 8
16.3
19. 1
14.2
9.8
4.9
5. 2
3*. 4

6.8
17.6
19.5
16.2
9. 1
4.9
5.4
3.0

6.8
17. 3
19.2
15.6
9.0
5.0
5.5
2.9

7.3
16.3
19.1
14.6
10.2
5.5
6.0
3.4

7.8
18. 7
21.4
17.5
1 1.6
5. 7
6. 1
3.6




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force,
seasonally adjusted
[Percent]
MantMy data

Quarterly averages
197 c

Measures
I

•

I I

1980

I I I

I

1980

Mar.

Apr.

May

U-1—Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the
1.2

1.2

1. 1

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.6

1.6

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.9

2.9

3.5

4. 1

3.9

3.9

3.9

3.9

4.2

4.4

5.0

5.5

5.2

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.7

5.8

6.6

7.5

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.9

6. 1

6.2

7.0

7.8

7.2

7.2

7.3

7.4

7.7

7.8

8.7

9.9

7.5

8.0

3.0

8. 1

8.7

N.A.

R. A.

N.A.

U-3—Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the civilian

U-4—Unemployed full-time job seek art as a percent of the full-time labor

U-5—Total unemployed es a percent of the civilian labor force

U-6—Total full-time jobseekers plus % part-time jobseekers plus % total
on part time for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian

U-7 —Total full-time jobseekers plus % part-time jobseekers plus % total
on part time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a
percent of the civilian Tabor force plus discouraged workers less

N.A.* not available.

Table A-8. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by race and Hispanic origin, not seasonally adjusted
[Number in thousands]
Black1

White

Total

Hispanic origin2

Employment status
May
1979

May
1980

May
1979

May
1980

161,182

163,799

141,331

143,403

101,473
63.0
96,220
3,309
92,911
5,253
5.2
59,708

104,028
63.5
96,709
3,436
93,273
7,318
7.0
59,771

39,456
63.3
85,482
3,036
32,446
3,974
4.4
51,875

May
1979

May
1980

16,981

17,363

8, 011

8,525

10,197
60.0
9,019
212
8,807
1,177
11.5
6,785

10,447
60.2
9,019
220
8,799
1,428
13.7
6,916

4,977
62. 1
4,605
222
4,383
372
7.5
3,034

5,431
63.7
4,898
269
4,629
533
9.8
3,094

May
1979

May
1980

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population

Percent of population

Nonagricultural industries
Unemployment rate

1 Date relate to black workers only. According to the 1970 Census, they comprised about 89 percent of the "black and other" population group.




91,698
63.9
85,S8C
3 , 164
82,816
5,719
6.2
51,705

2 Data on persons of Hispanic origin are tabulated separately, without regard to race, which means
that they are also included in the data for white and black workers. At the time of the 1970 Census,
approximately 96 percent of their population was white.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Unemployed

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Veteran status
and age

Percent
of
labor
force

Employed

Total

Number

May
1980

May
1979

Total, 20 years and over
20 to 24 years

8,516
579

8,597
365

8,085
517

25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 years and over

7 , 106
2,003
3,591
1,512
831

7,255
1 ,742
3,589
1,924
977

6,867
1,907
3,491
1,469
701

M ay
1979

May
1^80

8 , 160
326

7 , 748
46 0

7,666
281

337
57

494
45

6 , 994
1,639
3,485
1 ,870
840

6,604
1 ,807
3, 366
1 ,431
684

6,574
1,489
3,290
1 ,795
311

26 3
100
125
38
17

420
150
195
75
29

3.8
5. 2
3.6
2. 6
2. 4

6.0
9.2
5.6
4.0
3.5

13,673
6,131
4,082
3 , 4 60

412
210
119
83

916
50 9
247
160

3.0
3. 4
3.0
2. 4

6.3
7.7
5.7
4.4

>iO
1 CO

May
1979

May
1979

May
1980

May
1979

May
1980

4.2
11.0

6. 1
13.8

VETERANS 1

NONVETERANS 2
Total, 25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years

1

14,463
6,597
4,148
3,718

15,364
7,037
4,524
3,803

13,721
6,226
3,966
3,529

Vietnam-era veterans are those who served between August 5,1964 and May 7, 1975.
Nonveterans are males who have never served in the Armed Forces. Published data are limited
to those 25-39 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era
veteran population.
2




14,589
6,640
4,329
3,620

13,309
6,016
3,847
3,446

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Employment status of the noninstitutional population for the tan largest States

(Numbers in thousands!

Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
State and employment status

May
1979

Apr.
1980

Hay
1980

Hay
1979

Jan.
1980

Feb.
1980

Bar.
1980

Apr.
1980

Hay
1980

16,713
10,774
10,171
603
5.6

17,034
11,080
10,307
773
7.0

17,062
11,065
10,330
735
6.6

16,713
10,832
10,170
662
6. 1

16,954
11,074
10,434
640
5.8

16,979
11,013
10,337
676
6.1

17,007
11,103
10,441
662
6.0

17,034
11,179
10,389
790
7.1

17,062
11,125
10,332
793
7.1

Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,729
3,812
3,618
194
5. 1

6,920
3,904
3,716
189
4.8

6,937
'3,908
3,701
207
5.3

6,729
3,847
3,626
221
5.7

6,870
3,791
3,596
195
5.1

6,886
3,842
3 , 644
198
5.2

6,904
3,884
3,683
201
5.2

6,920
3,915
3,701
214
5.5

6,937
3 , 945
3,711
234
5.9

Civilian ooninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

8,248
5,168
4,923
2 44
4.7

8,305
5,385
5,008
376
7.0

8,310
5,423
5,027
396
7.3

&,248
5,242
4,959
283
5.4

8,290
5,466
5*077
389
7.1

8,295
5,463
5,081
382
7.0

8,300
5,431
5,058
373
6.9

8,305
5,461
5,05^
404
7.4

8,310
5,500
5,066
434
7.9

Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

4 , 3 63
2,852
2,709
143
5.0

4,403
2,833
2,691
141
5.0

4,407
2,870
2,702
168
5.8

4,363
2,880
2,721
159
5.5

4,393
2 , 827
2,685
142
5.0

4,396
2, 638
2,702
136
4.8

4,400
2,853
2,714
139
4.9

4 , 403
2,858
2,707
151
5.3

4 , 407
2,899
2,714
185
6.4

Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,707
4,317
4,006
310
7.2

6,781
4,233
3,710
523
12.4

6,787
4,321
3,714
607
14.0

6,707
4,33*
4,005
329
7.6

6,762
4,283
3,875
408
9.5

6,768
4,273
3,834
439
10.3

6,775
4,248
3,814
434
10.2

6,761
4,262
3,741
521
12.2

6,787
4,336
3,711
625
14.4

5,497
3,459
3,213
247
7.1

5,549
3,493
3,275
218
6.2

5,554
3,553
3,263
289
8.1

5,497
3,500
3,240
260
7.4

5,536
3,597
3,348
249
6.9

5 , 541
3,563
3,371
192
5.4

5,545
3,588
3,339
249
6.9

5,549
3,566
3,332
234
6.6

5,554
3,597
3,296
301
8.4

13,273
7,844
7,384
459
5.9

13,304
7,799
7,262
537
6.9

13,306
7,914
7,327
587
7.4

13,273
7,913
7,405
508
6.4

13,298
8,064
7,440
624
7.7

13,300
8,161
7 , 543
618
7.6

13,303
7,936
7 , 3 91
545
6.9

13,304
7,807
7,241
566
7.2

13,306
7,987
7,351
636
8.0

7,906
4,974
4,729
245
4.9

7,964
4,957
4,595
363
7.3

7,970
5,035
4,596
439
8.7

7,906
5,017
4,732
285
5.7

7,949
5,062
4,743
319
6.3

7,954
5 , 043
4,733
310
6.1

7,960
4,991
4,695
296
5.9

7,964
5,038
4,664
374
7.4

7 , 970
5,080
4,602
478
9.4

8,888
5,209
4,915
294
5.6

8,938
5,321
4,933
388
7.3

8,942
5,301
4,919
382
7.2

8,888
5,285
4,928
357
6.8

8,925
5,383
4,998
385
7.2

8,929
5,411
5,041
370
6.8

8,934
5,36 5
4,998
367
6.8

8,938
5,381
4,967
414
7.7

8,942
5,379
4,933
446
8.3

9,473

9,690

6,287
5,988

9,709
6,282
5,967
314

9,473
6,146
5,859
287

9,637
6,365

9,655
6,358
6 , J49
309

9,673
6,327
5,957

9,690

6,086
5,828
258
4.2

6,333

9,709
6 , 342
5,999

5.0

4.7

California
Civilian noninstitutional population *
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Florida

New Jersey
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Ntw York
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Ohio
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Pennsylvania
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force .
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Texas
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

299
4.8

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variations; therefore, identical numbers
appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted columns.
* These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used in the administration of
Federal fund allocation programs.




6,060

3 05
4.8

4.9

370
5.8

5,994
339
5.4

343
5.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
[In thousands]

Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

TOTAL . . . .
GOODS-PRODUCING
MINING
CONSTRUCTION ..
MANUFACTURING..
Production workers
DURABLE GOODS . .
Production workers .
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products ...
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products .
Miscellaneous manufacturing
NONDURABLE GOODS
Production workers ..
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufacturers
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

SERVICE-PRODUCING .
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

90,,819

90,,508

90,,328

26 ,,732

26 ,600

26 ,,210

25 ,963

1 ,000

1,,009

1 :,011

1 ,016
,

1 ,034

4, / oU

4,,591

4 , 601

Feb.
1980

har.
1980

90,606

89 , 3 98

9 0,652

90,,845

25, 899

2 5,905

26, 651

26 ,783

1, 007

1,034

944

Apr
19 30

hay
19 80

89 ,671

8 9 ,960

90, 295

26 ,594

20 , 010
996

Iiay
1 980 p

Jan.
1980

i±ar
1980

944

Apr.
1 9 80 p

May
197 9

Kay
1979

H

4 ,662

4 , 305

4 , 444

4,615

4 , 648

4 ,893

,
4 ,831

20 ,988
15 ,061

20, 709
14 , 662

20 , 448
14 , 398

20,256
14,175

21 , 059
15 , 112

20 ,390
14 , 848

20,,892
1 4 ,826
,

20 ,889
14 ,815

20,, 603
14 ,522
,

20 ,328
14 ,226

12 ,7 39
9 ,129

12 , 569
8 , 850

12, 344
8, 620

12,149
8,399

12, 739
9 , 119

12 , 601
8 ,894

12,,655
8 ,926
,

12 ,653
8 ,924

12 ,396
,
8 ,658
,

12 ,153
8 ,393

763 .8
433 . 9
718.6
1,258.6
1,727.8
2 ,463.6
2 ,095.2
2 ,091.8
686 .5
448.9

703 .5
480 . 7
682 . 5
1,197.9
1,711.0
2,522.9
2,147.4
1,972.1
704.4
441 .4

671.1
475 .1
6 7 9 .8
1,187.7
1 , 678 .8
2 , 5 U5 . 2
2,133.9
1,866.9
704 .3
440.7

659 .1
461.3
669 .4
1 ,162.0
1 ,624 .3
2,499.0
2,110.9
1,823.0
704 .2
435.8

762
487
715
1, 254
1, 730
2 , 471
2, 106
2 , 077
688
449

737
484
708
1 ,203
1 ,712
2 ,512
2 ,149
1 ,938
700
453

740
481
709
1,, 210
1,,724
2,,511
2,,147
1 ,980
,
703
450

730
482
703
1 , 205
1 ,723
2 ,513
2 ,158
1 ,982
707
450

682
477
687
1,,189
1,,687
2,, 503
2 ,149
,
1,, 869
706
447

658
465
666
1 ,157
1 , 626
2 , 507
2 ,122
1 , 810
706
43 6

8 ,249
5 ,932

8 , 140
5 , 812

8, 104
5, 778

8,107
5,776

8, 320
5, 993

8 ,289
5 ,954

8,,237
5 ,, 900

8 ,236
5 ,891

8,, 207
5,,864

8 ,175
5 ,833

1,669.6
61. 9
892.5
1 ,327.5
712.7
1 , 234 .7
,
1
1 10.9
212.9
777 .0
249.2

1 ,632 .5
61.1
890.6
1,317.0
710.7
1,275.8
1,118.5
156 .3
738. 7
238 .8

1,615.7
59.9
887 .1
1 ,304.4
707 .8
1,273.2
1 ,121.0
168.2
727 .9
239. 2

1,633.8
59.3
877 .1
1 ,301.0
702 .6
1 ,270.1
1,121.2
204 .9
696 .4
240.9

1 , 725
70
893
1 ,324
714
1, 236
1, 114
213
784
247

1 ,707
64
891
1 ,309
718
1 ,273
1 , 123
219
745
240

1 ,705
,
65
891
1,,312
717
1,,278
1,,121
163
744
241

1,701
65
893
1 ,314
718
1 ,278
1 ,123
160
744
240

1,, 685
66
889
1,,306
714
1,,276
,126
1.
170
737
238

1 ,688
67
877
1 ,297
704
1 ,271
1 ,125
205
703
238

63 ,077

63,,950

64,,396

64,701

62, 747

63 ,869

64,,113

64 ,219

64,,298

64 ,365

5 , 125

5,,156

5, 153

5,182

5, 130

5 ,212

5,,210

5 ,213

5,,189

5 , 187

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

20 ,119

20,,112

20,,217

20,361

20, 129

20 ,428

20,,521

20 ,499

20,,349

20 ,371

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

5 , 146
14 ,973

5,,241
,871

,

5,,212
15,,005

5,217
15,144

5, 156
14, 973

5 ,248
15 ,180

5 ,274
,
15,,24 7

5 ,278
15 ,221

5,,238
15 j,111

5 ,227
15 ,144

4 ,936

5,,076

5,,092

5,131

4, 936

5 ,081

5,,092

5 ,107

5,,107

5 ,131

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE
SERVICES

17 ,039

17,,460

17,,596

17,738

16, 954

17 ,442

1 7,522
,

17 ,548

17,,578

17 , 650

GOVERNMENT

15 ,858'

16,,146

16,,338

16,289

15, 598

15 ,706

15,,768

15 ,852

16,,075

16 ,026

2 ,773
13 ,085

2 ,869
,
13,,277

3,,103
13 j,235

3*, 0 2 9
13,260

2, 770
12, 828

2 ,791
12 ,915

2,,823
12 ,945
,

2 ,886
12 ,966

3,,112
12,,963

3 ,026
13 ,000

FEDERAL
STATE A N D LOCAL

p=preliminary.




ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers, on private
nonagricultural payrolls, fay industry

Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Hay

Mar.

Apr.

1979

1980

1 9 8 0 ,P

May
1980 P

May

Jan.

Feb.

Ma r.

Apr.

1979

1980

1980

1980

1980I

May
p

35.5

35. 2

35. 0

35 .0

35. 7

35. 7

35. 5

35. 4

35. 3

35 . 1

MINING

42.8

43. 3

42. 9

42. 8

42. 8

44. 4

43. 7

43. 5

43. 2

42. 8

CONSTRUCTION

37.2

36. 0

36. 5

36. 9

37 . 1

37. 6

36. 7

36. 1

36. 5

36. 8

MANUFACTURING

40.1

39 .8

39. 4

39. 4

40. 2

40

3

40. 1

39. 8

39. 6

39. 4

3.3

3. 0

2. 7

2. 5

3. 5

3

2

3. 1

2

2. 9

2. 6

40.8

40. 4

39. 9

39. 8

40. 9

40. 8

40 .6

40. 4

40. 1

39. 8

3.6

3. 1

2. 7

2. 5

3. 8

3. 3

3. 1

3. 2

2. 8

2. 6

38. 3

39. 5

39 . 1

38. 6

TOTAL PRIVATE

Overtime hours
D U R A B L E GOOOS
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products

39.6

37 .1

37. 3

39 . 4

37. 1

37 .1

Furniture and fixtures

38.2

38 .5

38. 0

37 .2

38. 5

39. 0

39. 0

38. 6

38. 6

37 .5

Stone, clay, and glass products

41.9

40. 7

40. 4

40. 9

41. 7

41. 3

41 . 0

40 .9

40. 5

4 u . •7

41.4

40. 7

40. 6

39. 8

41. 4

40. 8

40. 8

40. 8

40. 7

39. 8

40. 6

40. 2

40. 7

40. 9

40. 8

40. 6

40. 5

39. 9

•41.7

Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products

* 40. 7

41. 6

41 .1

39. 9
41. 0

42. 0

41. 7

41. 5

41. 4

41. 3

41. 2

40.2

40. 0

39 . 6

39 . 5

40. 4

40. 4

40. 4

40. 0

39. 8

39. 7

.41.6

40. 4

39. 7

39. 7

41. 5

41. 0

40. 9

40. 4

39. 7

39. 6

Instruments and related products

40.8

40. 6

40. 4

40. 5

40. 8

41. 5

40. 9

40. 5

40. 7

40. 5

Miscellaneous manufacturing

38.5

38. 9

38. 6

38. 4

38. 6

39. 5

39. 2

38. 7

38. 6

38. 5

39.1

38 . 9

38. 7

38. 8

39. 2

39 . 5

39. 4

39. 1

39. 0

38 .9

2.9

2 .9

2 . .7

2. 6

3 .0

3. 1

3. 0

3. 1

2. 9

2 .7

Food and kindred products

39.6

39. 0

38. 9

39. 7

39 .8

40 .0

39. 6

3 9 . ,4

39. 5

3y. 9

Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment

N O N D U R A B L E GOODS

Tobacco manufacturers

38.9

3 7 ., 7

38. 1

37. 9

38. 9

38. 5

37. 7

3 7 .,6

38. 1

37. 9

Textile mill products

40.1

40. 9

39. 8

40. 1

40. 0

41. 7

41. 1

4 0 . ,8

40. 0

40. 0

Apparel and other textile products

35.1

3 5 . ,5

3 5 . ,3

35. 3

35. 2

35. 9

36. 0

3 5 ,, 5

35. 6

35. 4

41. 6

42. 6

4 2 . ,8

42. 9

Paper and allied products

42.4

4 2 . ,4

42. 2

42. 6

42. 4

41. 8

Printing and publishing

37.3

3 7 . ,2

3 6 . ,8

36. 7

37. 4

37. 8

37. 4

3 7 .,2

41.8

41. 6

4 1 .,6

41 . 4

41 .9

4 2 . ,0

41. 9

41. 6

3 7 .. 1
41. 4

36. 8

Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products

43.7

3 9 .,4

4 1 .,8

42. 4

43. 7

3 9 ., 6

41. 8

42. 4

40.5

3 9 .,7

39. 1

40. 9

3 6 ., 6
4 0 . ,6

40. 4

4 0 . ,0

3 9 ., 9

3 9 ..9

4 0 ., 0

3 9 . ,5

36.4

3 6 . ,4

3 6 . ,6

36. 9

36. 1

3 7 .,2

3 7 .,3

3 6 ., 8

3 6 .,9

36. 6

39.6

3 9 .,5

3 9 ..3

3 9 . ,1

3 9 . ,8

3 9 ., 9

3 9 .,5

3 9 .. 7

39. 5

39. 3

32.4

3 2 .,0

3 1 ..8

3 1 ., 9

3 2 .,6

3 2 .,5

3 2 ., 3

3 2 .,3

3 2 ., 1

32. 0

WHOLESALE TRADE

38.9

3 8 ..4

3 8 .,4

3 8 . ,5

3 9 .,0

3 8 .,8

3 8 .,7

3 8 ..5

3 8 ., 5

38. 6

RETAIL TRADE

30.4

2 9 ..9

2 9 ..8

2 9 . ,8

3 0 .,6

3 0 ..5

3 0 .,3

3 0 ..3

3 0 ., 1

29. 9

36. 1

3 6 ..4

3 6 ,.3

3 6 .,3

3 6 ., 1

3 6 ..2

3 6 ..4

3 6 ,.5

3 6 ..4

36. 3

32.5

3 2 ,.5

3 2 .. 5

3 2 .,3

3 2 ., 7

3 2 .,7

3 2 ., 7

3 2 ..7

3 2 .,7

32. 5

Leather and leather products

TRANSPORTATION AND

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

REAL ESTATE
SERVICES

1

41 .5

PUBLIC

UTILITIES

FINANCE, INSURANCE,

p

1980

c

AND
,

Data relate t o p r o d u c t i o n workers in mining and manufacturing: t o construction workers in construction; a n d t o nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and

retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; a n d services. These groups account for a p p r o x i m a t e l y f o u r - f i f t h s of t h e total e m p l o y m e n t on private nonagricultural payrolls.
p=preliminary.
c=corrected.




ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hearty and weekly eernings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry
Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Industry

Hay
1979

liar.
1980

Apt.
1980

May
1980

$ 6 ,. 0 9
6 ,. 0 9

$ 6 .. 5 1
6 ,. 5 3

$ 6 . 53
6 .,54

$ 6 .. 5 7
6 .. 5 7

Hay
1979

Mar.
1980

$ 2 1 6 . 2 0 $ 2 2 9 . 15
2 1 7 . 41
2 3 1 .,16

A

Pr1980

p

May
1980

p

$ 2 2 8 .,55
2 3 0 .,86

$229.95
230.61

8 .. 4 5

8 ,. 9 2

9 . 05

9 .. 0 5

3 6 1 . 66

3 8 6 . ,24

3 8 8 .,25

387.34

CONSTRUCTION

9 ,. 1 4

9,. 6 6

9 ., 6 4

9 .. 6 8

340. 01

3 4 7 .,76

3 5 1 .,86

357.19

MANUFACTURING

6 .. 6 3

7 ., 0 6

7 .,08-

7 .. 1 2

2 6 5 . 86

2 8 0 . 99

2 7 8 ..95

280.53

DURABLE GOODS

7 ., 0 7

7,. 5 4

7 ., 5 5

7 .. 5 9

2 8 8 . 46

3 0 4 . 62

3 0 1 .. 2 5

302.08

5 ,. 9 7
4 .. 9 7
6 .. 7 8
8 .. 8 3
6 .. 7 7
7 .. 2 5
6 .. 2 1
8 .. 5 6
6 .. 1 1
5 .. 0 0

6 ,. 3 6
5 ,. 3 8
7,. 2 6
9 ,. 4 5
7 ., 2 2
7 ., 7 8
6 .. 7 8
9 .. 0 1
6 ,. 6 2
5 ,. 3 6

6 ., 2 8
5 . 42
7 ., 3 4
9 ..53
7. 25
7 ., 8 3
6 .,79
9 .,00
6 . 63
5 ., 4 0

6 .. 3 9
5 .. 4 3
7 .. 4 2
9 ,. 5 2
.7.. 3 0
7 .89
6 ., 8 0
9 .. 0 2 '
6 .. 7 1
5 .. 4 7

236.
189.
284.
365.
275.
302.
249.
356.
249.
192.

41
85
08
56
54
33
64
10
29
50

2 4 3 .,59
2 0 7 . 13
2 9 5 .,48
3 8 4 .,62
2 9 3 .,13
3 2 3 .,65
2 7 1 .,20
3 6 4 .,00
2 6 8 .,77
2 0 8 ..50

2 3 2 .,99
2 0 5 .,96
2 9 6 ..54
3 8 6 .,92
2 9 1 .,45
3 2 1 ..81
2 6 8 .,88
3 5 7 ..30
2 6 7 .,85
2 0 8 .,44

238.35
202.00
303.48
378.90
291.27
323.49
268.60
358.09
271.76
210.05

Stone, clay, and <^ess products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment

• •

NONDURABLE GOODS

Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products.

r

5 .. 9 1

6 ,. 3 0

6 . 37

6 .. 4 2

2 3 1 . 08

2 4 5 ..07

2 4 6 .,52

249.10

6 .. 2 2
6 .. 8 3
4 .. 5 2
4 .. 2 0
6 .. 9 6
6 .. 8 3
7 .. 4 7
9 ,. 3 9
5 .. 9 0
4 . . 18

6 ,. 6 9
7,. 6 1
4 ,. 9 3
4 .. 4 9
7 ,. 5 4
7,. 3 0
8 ,. 0 4
9 ,. 3 2
6 ,. 2 7
4 .. 5 2

6 ., 7 7
7. 81
4 . 93
4 .,47
7 ., 6 2
7 ., 3 0
8 . 11
9 . 84
6. 31
4 ., 5 3

6 .. 8 2
7 ,. 7 0
4 .. 9 2
4 .. 4 4
7 .. 6 1
7 ., 4 1
8 .. 1 5
1 0 .. 1 6
6 .. 3 2
4 ., 5 7

31
69
25
42
10
76
25
34
95
15

2 6 0 ..91
2 8 6 ..90
2 0 1 ..64
1 5 9 ..40
3 1 9 .,70
2 7 1 .,56
3 3 4 ..46
3 6 7 .,21
2 5 0 ..80
1 6 4 ..53

2 6 3 .,35
2 9 7 .,56
1 9 6 ., 2 1
1 5 7 ..79
3 2 1 . 56
2 6 8 ..64
3 3 7 ..38
4 1 1 .,31
2 5 0 .. 5 1
1 6 5 .. 8 0

270.75
291.83
1,97.29
156.73
316.58
271.95
337.41
430.78
247.11
168.63
341.73

246.
265.
181.
147.
295.
254.
312.
410.
238.
152.

TRANSPORTATION A N D PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S

7 .. 9 4

8 ,. 6 4

8. 71

8 ., 7 4

3 1 4 . 42

3 4 1 . 28

3 4 2 .,30

WHOLESALE A N D RETAIL T R A D E

5 ,. 0 0

5,. 4 0

5 ., 4 0

5 .. 4 2

1 6 2 . 00

1 7 2 ..80

1 7 1 .. 7 2

172.90

WHOLESALE T R A D E
RETAIL TRADE

6 ,. 2 9
4 .. 4 9

6 ,. 8 2
4 ,. 4 1

6 .,84
4. 81

6 .. 8 8
4 .. 8 3

244. 68
1 3 6 . 50

2 6 1 . 89
1 4 3 .,82

2 6 2 .,66
1 4 3 .,34

264.88
143.93

FINANCE, INSURANCE, A N D REAL ESTATE

5 .. 2 2

5 .. 6 9

5 ., 7 0

5 ., 7 0

1 8 8 . 44

2 0 7 ., 1 2

2 0 6 ..91

206.91

SERVICES

5,. 2 7

5,. 7 4

5.,75.

5,. 7 8

1 7 1 . 28

1 8 6 . .55

1 8 6 . ,88

186.69

See footnote 1, table B-2.




ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Hourly earnings index for production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry division, seasonally adjusted
[1967=100]
Neaaat d m f i fronh—
Industry

MAY
1979

DEC.
1979

JAN.
1980

FEB.
1980

MAR.
1980

APR. P
1980

MAY P
1980

227.5
106.3

239. 5
103. 8

240.5
102.8

242.6
102.3

245. 3
102. 0

246. 4
101. 5

247.9
N .A.

9 .0
(2)

0.6
(3)

262.7
220.A.
232.3
243.7
221.0
207.0
224.3

273.
227.
244.
260.
231.
218.
237.

274.0
225.1
245.3
261.2
234.7
218.6
238.0

275.5
229.8
248.1
262.7
235.5
221.2
239.9

278.
231.
250.
266.
238.
226.
243.

283.
232.
252.
267.
238.
226.
243,

284.1
232.5
254.3
268.8
239.9
225.8
245.4

8 .1
5 .5
9 .5
10 . 3
8 .5
9 .1
9 .4

.3
.2
.8
.5
.6
-.1
.7

MAY
MAY

19791980

APR.
MAY

1980r
1980

TOTAL PRIVATE NONFARM:
Constant (1SC7) dollars
MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE. INSURANCE. AND HEAL ESTATE
SERVICES
|
I
S

2
6
3
7
3
5
7

4
9
1
2
0
0
I

2
0
3
4
4
0
6

SEE FOOTNOTE 1 , TABLE a - 2 .
" ' "
PERCENT CHANGE WAS - 5 . 2 FROM APRIL 1979 TO APRIL 1 9 8 0 , THE LATEST MONTH AVAILABLE.
PERCENT CHANGE WAS - . 5 FROM MARCH 1980 TO APRIL 1 9 8 0 , THE LATEST MONTH AVAILABLE.

N.A.« not available,
p-pretimfoary.
NOTE: All aeries are in current dollars except where indicated. The index excludes effects of two types of chengts that are um elated to underlying nap n » dmlapiMHU: Fluctuations in overtime
premiums in manufacturing (the only sector for arte* w m * m data art available) and the effects of chanps in the proportion of workers in hi#i w p and law —p industries.

Table B-5. Indexes of aggr«9«t« weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers, on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry, seasonally adjusted
[1987-100]
1979

,

1980

Industry dNMon and group
Kay

TOTAL PRIVATE
GOODS-PROOUCING

June

Aug.

July

Nov

Oct

Sept

Dec.

Jan.

Mar.

Feb.

Apr

1 2 5 . 4 1 2 5 . 7 1 2 5 . 7 1 2 5 . 5 1 2 5 . 9 125 . 8 1 2 6 . 3

1 2 6 . 6 1 2 7 . 1 1 2 6 . 7 1 2 6 . 0 124 . 5

123. 6

1 1 0 . 3 1 1 0 . 1 1 0 9 . 9 1 0 9 . 4 1 0 9 . 7 109 . 0

1 0 9 . 6 1 1 0 . 6 1 0 9 . 4 1 0 7 . 5 105 . 1

103. 3

108 .7

MINING

1 5 1 . 6 1 5 2 . 5 1 4 8 . 4 1 5 6 . 1 1 5 7 . 4 158 . 1 158 .4

CONSTRUCTION

1 M . 7 1 3 4 . 4 1 3 3 . 9 1 3 4 . 5 1 3 5 . 4 132 (.7

133 . 7

1 3 7 . 1 1 4 2 . 5 1 3 7 . 4 1 2 9 . 5 127 . 2

MANUFACTURING

1 0 4 . 7 1 0 4 . 3 1 0 4 . 4 1 0 3 . 3 1 0 3 . 4 103 . 1

102 . 5

102. 9 103. 0 102. 5 101. 7

DURABLE GOOOS
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, day, and glM products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery except six li iial
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
k«; ii

f t Pf0d"Ct!

m

NONDURABLE GOOOS
Food and kindred products
Tobecco manufacturers
Textile mill products*
Appere! and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing Aid publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
SERVICE-PRODUCING

p

May

1 6 5 . .7 1 6 4 . 4 1 6 3 . 7 164 . 3

99 . 2

164,

%

128. 1
96. 7

105. 6
108. 3
106. 4
11,0. 8
91. 8
106. 4
113. 5
108. 8
96. 7
128. 1
101. 4

1 0 5 . ,3
1 0 9 . ,0
1 0 6 . ,7
1 1 0 . ,4
92. 1
1 0 5 .. 1
1 1 7 . ,5
1 0 9 , .2
90. ,7
1 5 0 . .6
1 0 2 . .2

105.
108.
105.
109.
92.
105.
116.
108.
92.
129.
100.

3
2
9
6
2
7
6
7
9
4
5

104.
105.
104.
108.
91.
105.
116.
108.
92.
129.
99.

6
3
8
4
7
2
2
2
1
6
5

100 . 7
97.
89.
93 . 8
97.
103 . 7
104 . 0 1 0 0 .
8
4.
89 . 8
102 . 0
95.
114 . 6 1 1 4 .
106 . 7 1 0 3 .
78.
82 . 9
129 . 6 1 2 7 .
94.
98 . 4

0
9
4
8
4
7
4
8
4
5
9

99. 0
98 . 8
97. 0
96 . 5
65. 4
61 . 1
91 . 8
91. 8
87 . 3
88. 4
102 . 8 1 0 3 . 3
105 . 9 1 0 5 . 1
108 . 6 1 0 8 . 6
128 . 0 1 2 6 . 3
142 . 5 1 4 0 . 9
65. 0
64 . 9

99, .7
96. .8
67. ,6
9 3 . .5
90. . 0
103. .4
107. .2
109, .7
106, .3
143, .6
65,.2

98.
95.
67.
92.
90.
103.
106.
108.
76.
140.
65,

3
5
5
0
5
8
2
9
0
7
3

97.
94.
67.
91.
89.
103.
105.
108.
71.
140.
64.

4
4
3
6
4
3
5
0
3
7
1

96
93
69
89
88
101
104
107
86
139
64

96.
94.
69.
87.
87.
98.
102.
108.
114.
129.
63.

1
8
2
8
9
9
9
2
4
6
8

108.
113.
105.
113.
97.
106.
117.
108.
102.
128.
98.

3
3
9
1
9
6
4
2
6
1
7

107.
112.
105.
U3.
97.
107.
117.
108.
99.
126.
100.

9
7
3
0
9
1
6
6
4
4
3

107.
111.
105.
111.
97.
106.
118.
108.
100.
128.
100.

9
9
9
5
8
7
0
5
3
1
7

106.
112.
104.
110.
95.
104.
116.
104.
102,
127.
100.

8
3
5
8
9
8
2
7
6
2
8

107.
113.
104.
111.
95.
105.
117.
107.
100.
127.
99.

1
6
8
2
3
4
7
2
1
2
9

106 . 2 105 . 1
'113 . 3 1 1 0 . 1
105 . 9 106 . 2
110 . 6 110 .4
94,. 6
93 . 1
106 . 1 105 . 8
114,. 3 113 . 6
107 . 6 108 . 1
97 . 4
93 . 7
127 . 8 127 . 8
99 . 9
99 . 9

99.
97.
76.
89.
89.
102.
103.
108.
124.
153.
65.

5
0
5
5
5
3
1
3
2
4
4

99.
96.
72.
89.
88.
102.
103.
108.
123.
150.
66.

1
8
6
6
7
1
3
4
1
4
0

99.
95.
73.
89.
89.
103.
104.
108.
123.
150.
61.

1
9
0
8
5
2
4
8
0
5
3

98. 2
94. 6
66. 7
89. 0
88. 0
103. 1
104. 7
IT) 8 . 2
124. 2
145. 6
64. 9

98.
95.
70.
89.
87.
102.
103.
107.
126.
143.
66.

1
0
5
8
5
2
9
6
2
5
1

98
96
69
90
87
102
104
107
125
143
65

.5
.1
.9
.6
.9
.7
.3
.9
.1
.5
.2

162,5

.8
.8
.6
.3
p9
.9
.6
.8
.3
.1
.0

1 3 5 . 9 1 3 6 . 5 1 3 6 . 7 1 3 6 , 6 1 3 7 . 2 137 . 5

138 . 5

1 3 8 . 4 138, . 6 1 3 8 . 8 1 3 8 . 9 138 . 0

137. 7

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

1 1 3 . 4 1 1 5 . 0 1 1 4 . 2 1 1 5 . 2 1 1 4 . 9 115 . 8

116 . 9

1 1 5 . 4 115 . 2

1 1 4 . 2 1 1 4 . ,9 113 . 8

113. 3

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE

1 3 0 . 2 1 3 0 . 0 1 2 9 . 9 1 2 9 . 6 1 3 0 . 4 130 . 7

131 . 6

1 3 0 . ,9 131, . 6 1 3 1 . 5 1 3 1 . .0 129 . 4

129. 0

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

1 3 2 . 8 1 3 2 . 8 132'. 7 1 3 2 . 4 1 3 2 . 5 133 . 4
1 2 9 . ,1 1 2 8 . 9 1 2 8 . 9 1 2 8 . ,5 1 2 9 . 6 129 . 7

134 . 3
130 . 5

1 3 4 . 1 134, . 3
1 2 9 . 7 130, . 5

FINANCE, INSURANCE AM)
•MEAL ESTATE

1 4 4 . ,5 1 4 5 . 7 1 4 6 . 5 1 4 6 . ,3 1 4 7 . ,1 146 . 7

148 . 3

1 4 8 . ,3 148, . 1

1 4 9 . 6 1 5 0 . ,4

150 . 1 1 5 0 . 4

1 5 1 . ,7 1 5 2 . 6 . 1 5 3 . 5 1 5 3 . ,4 1 5 3 . 8 154 . 1 155 . 2

1 5 6 . ,5 156,.2

1 5 7 . 1 1 5 7 . ,4

157 . 6

tee faaanoae 1. teMe S-2.




«

*

1 3 4 . 5 1 3 4 . ,0 132 . 7 1 3 2 . 7
1 3 0 . ,3 129. ,9 128 . 1 1 2 7 ) 6

1 5 7 . >2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B - 6 . Indexes of diffusion:

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Percent of industries in which employment 1 increased

Over 3-month span

Over 6-month span

Over 12-month span

73.0
67.2
72.4

80.2
84.3
82.6

86.3
84.6
84.0

80.5
81.4
82.8

April

71.5
70. 3
65. 1

81.7
76.5
72.7

82.3
79.1
77.6

84.6
85.2
86.6

July

70.3
57.8
67.2

70.3
70.9
67.7

75.3
76.7
79.7

84.9
83.1
83. 1

64.2
73.3
75.3

76.2
79.7
79.4

80.5
84.0
82.3

82.8
81.1
82.0

68.3
69.2
69.5

80. 2
75.6
77.3

83.1
79.1
77.6

81.4
83. 1
81.1

68.0
57.8
66.6

69.8
67.2
66.6

73.5
72.7
71.2

82.0
81.7
82.3

64.5
60.5
62.5

69.5
67.2
71.2

73.0
77.3
79.7

81.4
78.2
77.9

73.0
75.9
74.4

78.2
81.1
82.3

82.3
82.3
80. 5

73.5
76.2
71.8

70.3
65.1
60.5

76.5
72.1
57.8

74. 1
67.4
61.9

71.8
70.6
63.7

April

44.8
54.7
57.0

55.2
51.5
58.4

58.1
50.3
46.8

64.0
61.9
58.1

July

61.6
48.8
46.8

56.7
52.0
52. 9

56.1
55.8
57.6

57.0
54.4
51.5

69.8
59.9
59.0

61.0
66.6
64.5

61.6
65.7
63.1

47.4p
41.Op

63.4
55.8
46.5

62.5
55.8
34.3p

45.9p
38.lp

29.7p
34.Op

31.lp

Over 1 -month span

Year and month

1977

1978

April

1

July

1979

1980

March
April.

July

1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted, on payrolls of 172 private nonagricultural industries,
p = preliminary.