Full text of The Employment Situation : March 2011
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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, April 1, 2011 USDL-11-0436 Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION – MARCH 2011 Nonfarm payroll employment increased by 216,000 in March, and the unemployment rate was little changed at 8.8 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Job gains occurred in professional and business services, health care, leisure and hospitality, and mining. Employment in manufacturing continued to trend up. Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, March 2009 – March 2011 Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change, seasonally adjusted, March 2009 – March 2011 Percent Thousands 11.0 600 10.0 400 200 9.0 0 8.0 -200 7.0 -400 6.0 -600 5.0 -800 4.0 -1000 M ar-09 Jun-09 Sep-09 Dec-09 M ar-10 Jun-10 Sep-10 Dec-10 M ar-11 M ar-09 Jun-09 Sep-09 Dec-09 M ar-10 Jun-10 Sep-10 Dec-10 M ar-11 Household Survey Data The number of unemployed persons (13.5 million) and the unemployment rate (8.8 percent) changed little in March. The labor force also was little changed over the month. Since November 2010, the jobless rate has declined by 1.0 percentage point. (See table A-1.) Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (8.6 percent), adult women (7.7 percent), teenagers (24.5 percent), whites (7.9 percent), blacks (15.5 percent), and Hispanics (11.3 percent) showed little change in March. The jobless rate for Asians was 7.1 percent, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) The number of job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, at 8.2 million, was little changed in March but has fallen by 1.3 million since November 2010. The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was 6.1 million in March; their share of the unemployed increased from 43.9 to 45.5 percent over the month. (See tables A-11 and A-12.) In March, the civilian labor force participation rate held at 64.2 percent, and the employmentpopulation ratio, at 58.5 percent, changed little. (See table A-1.) The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as involuntary part-time workers) was little changed in March, at 8.4 million. These individuals were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.) In March, 2.4 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, up slightly from a year earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.) Among the marginally attached, there were 921,000 discouraged workers in March, little changed from a year earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.5 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in March had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) Establishment Survey Data Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 216,000 in March. Job gains occurred in several service-providing industries and in mining, and manufacturing employment continued to trend up. Since a recent low in February 2010, total payroll employment has grown by 1.5 million. (See table B-1.) In March, employment in the service-providing sector continued to expand, led by a gain of 78,000 in professional and business services. Most of the gain occurred in temporary help services (+29,000) and in professional and technical services (+35,000). Health care employment continued to increase in March (+37,000). Over the last 12 months, health care has added 283,000 jobs, or an average of 24,000 jobs per month. Employment in leisure and hospitality rose by 37,000 over the month, with more than two-thirds of the increase in food services and drinking places (+27,000). Manufacturing employment continued to trend up in March (+17,000). Job gains were concentrated in two durable goods industries—fabricated metal products (+8,000) and machinery (+5,000). Employment in durable goods manufacturing has risen by 243,000 since its most recent low in December 2009. In March, employment in mining increased by 14,000, with much of the gain occurring in support activities for mining (+9,000). -2- Employment in local government continued to trend down over the month. Local government has lost 416,000 jobs since an employment peak in September 2008. The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.3 hours in March. The manufacturing workweek for all employees edged down by 0.1 hour to 40.5 hours, while factory overtime was unchanged at 3.3 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour to 33.6 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) In March, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls were unchanged at $22.87. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 1.7 percent. Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees edged down by 2 cents over the month to $19.30. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for January was revised from +63,000 to +68,000, and the change for February was revised from +192,000 to +194,000. The Employment Situation for April is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 6, 2011, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT). -3- HOUSEHOLD DATA Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Category Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011 Change from: Feb. 2011Mar. 2011 Mar. 2011 Employment status Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...................... . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed................................................................... . Employment-population ratio.......................................... . Unemployed................................................................ . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237,159 153,895 64.9 138,952 58.6 14,943 9.7 83,264 238,704 153,186 64.2 139,323 58.4 13,863 9.0 85,518 238,851 153,246 64.2 139,573 58.4 13,673 8.9 85,605 239,000 153,406 64.2 139,864 58.5 13,542 8.8 85,594 149 160 0.0 291 0.1 -131 -0.1 -11 Unemployment rates Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult men (20 years and over)............................................. . Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................ . Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ . 9.7 10.0 8.0 26.0 8.7 16.5 7.5 12.5 9.0 8.8 7.9 25.7 8.0 15.7 6.9 11.9 8.9 8.7 8.0 23.9 8.0 15.3 6.8 11.6 8.8 8.6 7.7 24.5 7.9 15.5 7.1 11.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.6 -0.1 0.2 – -0.3 Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bachelor’s degree and higher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 14.4 10.8 8.2 4.8 7.6 14.2 9.4 8.0 4.2 7.6 13.9 9.5 7.8 4.3 7.4 13.7 9.5 7.4 4.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.1 Reason for unemployment Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . Reentrants....................................................................... . New entrants.................................................................... . 9,368 893 3,523 1,185 8,519 910 3,357 1,351 8,334 898 3,352 1,337 8,209 896 3,262 1,360 -125 -2 -90 23 Duration of unemployment Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks................................................................... . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,654 3,210 2,449 6,517 2,678 3,016 2,285 6,210 2,390 3,094 2,179 5,993 2,449 2,914 1,957 6,122 59 -180 -222 129 Employed persons at work part time Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions......................................... . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,012 6,174 2,351 18,334 8,407 5,771 2,510 17,929 8,340 5,630 2,415 18,220 8,433 5,595 2,332 18,417 93 -35 -83 197 Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted) Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,255 994 2,800 993 2,730 1,020 2,434 921 – – - Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 144 34 8 17 9 16 2.2 -7 110 1.5 24.9 8.3 -13 -14 2 30.0 56 43.3 31 14 48 68 94 38 5 -20 53 57 19.6 -4 56 12.9 30.5 -47.2 -7 -10 51 -1.1 29 17.9 -3 2 -26 194 240 73 4 37 32 27 0.0 5 167 13.6 -7.8 18.1 -2 -3 44 22.7 41 34.1 48 14 -46 216 230 31 15 -1 17 17 3.2 0 199 14.1 17.7 -0.1 -4 6 78 28.8 45 44.5 37 5 -14 WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2 Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.9 48.5 82.4 49.6 48.1 82.4 49.6 48.1 82.4 49.6 48.1 82.4 HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 $ 22.48 $766.57 91.4 0.4 97.9 0.4 34.2 $ 22.86 $781.81 92.6 0.0 101.0 0.5 34.3 $ 22.87 $784.44 93.1 0.5 101.6 0.6 34.3 $ 22.87 $784.44 93.3 0.2 101.8 0.2 HOURS AND EARNINGS PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.3 $ 18.93 $630.37 98.1 0.5 124.0 0.5 33.4 $ 19.31 $644.95 99.4 -0.2 128.2 0.2 33.5 $ 19.32 $647.22 99.9 0.5 129.0 0.6 33.6 $ 19.30 $648.48 100.5 0.6 129.6 0.5 58.8 53.7 60.5 73.5 68.7 66.0 62.4 63.0 Category DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)5 Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. 4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. 5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. p Preliminary Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates Why are there two monthly measures of employment? The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance benefits? No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work? Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in The Employment Situation news release. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. About half of all employees in the payroll survey have a 2-week, semi-monthly, or monthly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to quantify the effect of extreme weather on estimates of employment from the establishment survey. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week’s work for weather-related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours, or had a job but were not at work the entire week, due to bad weather. Current and historical data are available on the household survey’s most requested statistics page at http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln. Technical Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. The sample includes about 140,000 businesses and government agencies representing approximately 410,000 worksites and is drawn from a sampling frame of roughly 8.9 million unemployment insurance tax accounts. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries. Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2007 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical. Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in monthto-month economic activity. Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major agesex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 100,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -50,000 to +150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.19 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages. The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component excludes employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death employment. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. Other information Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age Mar. 2010 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Nov. 2010 Dec. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237,159 153,660 64.8 137,983 58.2 15,678 10.2 83,499 5,719 238,851 152,635 63.9 138,093 57.8 14,542 9.5 86,216 6,405 239,000 153,022 64.0 138,962 58.1 14,060 9.2 85,977 6,250 237,159 153,895 64.9 138,952 58.6 14,943 9.7 83,264 5,996 238,715 153,950 64.5 138,909 58.2 15,041 9.8 84,765 6,248 238,889 153,690 64.3 139,206 58.3 14,485 9.4 85,199 6,471 238,704 153,186 64.2 139,323 58.4 13,863 9.0 85,518 6,410 238,851 153,246 64.2 139,573 58.4 13,673 8.9 85,605 6,410 239,000 153,406 64.2 139,864 58.5 13,542 8.8 85,594 6,509 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,821 81,949 71.4 72,253 62.9 9,696 11.8 32,872 115,907 81,360 70.2 72,796 62.8 8,564 10.5 34,548 115,988 81,491 70.3 73,187 63.1 8,304 10.2 34,497 114,821 81,942 71.4 73,163 63.7 8,778 10.7 32,879 115,640 81,986 70.9 73,337 63.4 8,649 10.5 33,653 115,731 81,845 70.7 73,600 63.6 8,245 10.1 33,886 115,828 81,544 70.4 73,800 63.7 7,744 9.5 34,284 115,907 81,720 70.5 74,122 63.9 7,598 9.3 34,187 115,988 81,674 70.4 74,108 63.9 7,566 9.3 34,313 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106,198 79,059 74.4 70,238 66.1 8,821 11.2 27,139 107,292 78,672 73.3 70,842 66.0 7,829 10.0 28,620 107,381 78,788 73.4 71,207 66.3 7,581 9.6 28,593 106,198 78,841 74.2 70,977 66.8 7,864 10.0 27,357 107,114 78,980 73.7 71,130 66.4 7,849 9.9 28,134 107,216 78,906 73.6 71,480 66.7 7,426 9.4 28,310 107,203 78,506 73.2 71,589 66.8 6,917 8.8 28,698 107,292 78,795 73.4 71,954 67.1 6,841 8.7 28,497 107,381 78,764 73.4 71,959 67.0 6,805 8.6 28,617 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,339 71,712 58.6 65,730 53.7 5,982 8.3 50,627 122,944 71,275 58.0 65,297 53.1 5,978 8.4 51,668 123,012 71,532 58.1 65,775 53.5 5,756 8.0 51,481 122,339 71,954 58.8 65,789 53.8 6,165 8.6 50,385 123,075 71,964 58.5 65,572 53.3 6,392 8.9 51,112 123,158 71,845 58.3 65,605 53.3 6,240 8.7 51,313 122,876 71,642 58.3 65,523 53.3 6,119 8.5 51,234 122,944 71,526 58.2 65,451 53.2 6,075 8.5 51,418 123,012 71,732 58.3 65,756 53.5 5,976 8.3 51,280 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,974 68,967 60.5 63,537 55.7 5,430 7.9 45,007 114,714 68,728 59.9 63,277 55.2 5,451 7.9 45,986 114,792 68,903 60.0 63,681 55.5 5,223 7.6 45,888 113,974 68,976 60.5 63,479 55.7 5,497 8.0 44,998 114,801 69,151 60.2 63,385 55.2 5,766 8.3 45,651 114,894 69,027 60.1 63,428 55.2 5,599 8.1 45,867 114,637 68,839 60.0 63,392 55.3 5,447 7.9 45,798 114,714 68,802 60.0 63,319 55.2 5,483 8.0 45,912 114,792 68,898 60.0 63,566 55.4 5,332 7.7 45,894 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,987 5,635 33.2 4,207 24.8 1,427 25.3 11,352 16,845 5,235 31.1 3,974 23.6 1,262 24.1 11,610 16,827 5,331 31.7 4,075 24.2 1,257 23.6 11,496 16,987 6,078 35.8 4,497 26.5 1,581 26.0 10,908 16,800 5,820 34.6 4,393 26.2 1,426 24.5 10,980 16,780 5,757 34.3 4,298 25.6 1,460 25.4 11,022 16,863 5,841 34.6 4,341 25.7 1,500 25.7 11,022 16,845 5,649 33.5 4,300 25.5 1,350 23.9 11,196 16,827 5,744 34.1 4,339 25.8 1,405 24.5 11,083 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ASIAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Mar. 2010 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Nov. 2010 Dec. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 191,648 124,950 65.2 113,339 59.1 11,611 9.3 66,698 192,601 123,848 64.3 113,066 58.7 10,782 8.7 68,752 192,688 124,156 64.4 113,877 59.1 10,279 8.3 68,532 191,648 125,103 65.3 114,165 59.6 10,939 8.7 66,545 192,641 124,824 64.8 113,728 59.0 11,096 8.9 67,817 192,749 124,700 64.7 114,079 59.2 10,620 8.5 68,049 192,516 124,192 64.5 114,197 59.3 9,995 8.0 68,325 192,601 124,237 64.5 114,330 59.4 9,907 8.0 68,364 192,688 124,497 64.6 114,706 59.5 9,791 7.9 68,191 65,277 74.8 58,701 67.3 6,576 10.1 64,866 73.8 58,939 67.1 5,926 9.1 64,890 73.8 59,254 67.4 5,635 8.7 65,062 74.6 59,279 68.0 5,784 8.9 65,088 74.1 59,137 67.3 5,951 9.1 65,041 74.0 59,484 67.7 5,557 8.5 64,673 73.6 59,586 67.8 5,086 7.9 64,919 73.9 59,860 68.1 5,059 7.8 64,864 73.7 59,850 68.0 5,014 7.7 55,033 60.2 51,079 55.9 3,954 7.2 54,685 59.6 50,772 55.3 3,913 7.2 54,900 59.8 51,169 55.7 3,730 6.8 55,067 60.2 51,092 55.9 3,975 7.2 54,953 59.7 50,817 55.2 4,136 7.5 54,914 59.7 50,920 55.3 3,994 7.3 54,686 59.6 50,878 55.4 3,808 7.0 54,677 59.5 50,816 55.3 3,860 7.1 54,950 59.8 51,184 55.7 3,766 6.9 4,640 35.8 3,559 27.5 1,081 23.3 4,297 33.4 3,354 26.1 943 21.9 4,367 34.0 3,454 26.9 913 20.9 4,974 38.4 3,794 29.3 1,180 23.7 4,783 37.3 3,775 29.5 1,008 21.1 4,746 37.1 3,676 28.7 1,070 22.5 4,833 37.5 3,732 29.0 1,100 22.8 4,641 36.1 3,654 28.4 987 21.3 4,683 36.4 3,672 28.6 1,011 21.6 28,591 17,795 62.2 14,837 51.9 2,957 16.6 10,796 28,976 17,680 61.0 14,922 51.5 2,758 15.6 11,296 29,005 17,705 61.0 14,965 51.6 2,740 15.5 11,300 28,591 17,901 62.6 14,939 52.3 2,962 16.5 10,690 28,865 18,020 62.4 15,142 52.5 2,878 16.0 10,845 28,896 17,958 62.1 15,119 52.3 2,839 15.8 10,939 28,947 17,857 61.7 15,048 52.0 2,809 15.7 11,090 28,976 17,865 61.7 15,124 52.2 2,741 15.3 11,112 29,005 17,836 61.5 15,067 51.9 2,769 15.5 11,169 8,124 70.3 6,479 56.1 1,645 20.2 8,014 67.9 6,608 56.0 1,406 17.5 8,093 68.5 6,635 56.1 1,458 18.0 8,157 70.6 6,605 57.2 1,552 19.0 8,099 69.1 6,753 57.6 1,346 16.6 8,106 69.1 6,764 57.6 1,341 16.5 8,054 68.3 6,723 57.1 1,331 16.5 8,053 68.2 6,745 57.2 1,309 16.2 8,119 68.7 6,758 57.2 1,361 16.8 9,004 62.7 7,954 55.4 1,050 11.7 9,095 62.5 7,956 54.6 1,140 12.5 8,990 61.7 7,953 54.6 1,037 11.5 9,029 62.9 7,913 55.1 1,116 12.4 9,228 63.6 8,017 55.2 1,211 13.1 9,204 63.3 7,993 55.0 1,211 13.2 9,146 62.9 7,966 54.8 1,179 12.9 9,185 63.1 7,993 54.9 1,192 13.0 9,050 62.1 7,923 54.4 1,127 12.5 666 24.9 404 15.1 262 39.3 571 21.8 358 13.7 212 37.2 623 23.8 378 14.5 245 39.3 715 26.7 421 15.7 294 41.1 693 26.3 372 14.1 321 46.3 648 24.6 361 13.7 287 44.2 658 25.1 359 13.7 299 45.4 627 23.9 386 14.7 241 38.4 668 25.6 387 14.8 281 42.1 11,089 11,345 11,301 – – – – – – HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mar. 2010 7,174 64.7 6,633 59.8 541 7.5 3,915 Feb. 2011 7,351 64.8 6,850 60.4 502 6.8 3,994 Mar. 2011 7,410 65.6 6,881 60.9 529 7.1 3,892 Mar. 2010 Nov. 2010 – – – – – – – Dec. 2010 – – – – – – – Jan. 2011 – – – – – – – Feb. 2011 – – – – – – – Mar. 2011 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. - Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mar. 2010 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Nov. 2010 Dec. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 33,414 22,656 67.8 19,650 58.8 3,006 13.3 10,758 34,079 22,373 65.7 19,580 57.5 2,793 12.5 11,706 34,155 22,585 66.1 19,896 58.3 2,690 11.9 11,570 33,414 22,697 67.9 19,854 59.4 2,843 12.5 10,716 34,102 22,915 67.2 19,899 58.4 3,016 13.2 11,188 34,188 22,868 66.9 19,906 58.2 2,962 13.0 11,320 34,001 22,823 67.1 20,099 59.1 2,724 11.9 11,178 34,079 22,519 66.1 19,912 58.4 2,606 11.6 11,561 34,155 22,676 66.4 20,105 58.9 2,571 11.3 11,479 12,857 82.7 11,211 72.1 1,647 12.8 12,844 81.5 11,282 71.6 1,562 12.2 12,889 81.6 11,452 72.5 1,437 11.1 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 8,763 59.9 7,716 52.7 1,047 12.0 8,645 57.9 7,685 51.5 960 11.1 8,788 58.7 7,825 52.3 963 11.0 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1,035 32.0 724 22.4 311 30.1 884 26.1 613 18.1 271 30.6 909 26.8 619 18.3 290 31.9 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. - Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Seasonally adjusted Mar. 2010 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Nov. 2010 Dec. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................... . Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed........................................ . Unemployment rate............................. . 11,803 46.2 9,889 38.7 1,914 16.2 11,045 44.4 9,293 37.4 1,752 15.9 11,565 45.7 9,809 38.8 1,756 15.2 11,842 46.3 10,133 39.7 1,709 14.4 11,803 46.6 9,955 39.3 1,848 15.7 11,758 46.0 9,963 39.0 1,795 15.3 11,383 45.1 9,770 38.7 1,613 14.2 11,317 45.5 9,749 39.2 1,568 13.9 11,652 46.1 10,059 39.8 1,593 13.7 High school graduates, no college1 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................... . Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed........................................ . Unemployment rate............................. . 39,202 62.6 34,527 55.1 4,674 11.9 37,806 60.7 33,750 54.2 4,056 10.7 37,541 60.6 33,604 54.3 3,937 10.5 38,670 61.7 34,487 55.0 4,183 10.8 37,824 61.1 34,035 55.0 3,789 10.0 38,203 60.9 34,465 54.9 3,738 9.8 37,513 60.3 33,972 54.6 3,541 9.4 37,525 60.3 33,965 54.6 3,560 9.5 37,171 60.0 33,654 54.4 3,517 9.5 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................... . Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed........................................ . Unemployment rate............................. . 36,579 70.8 33,410 64.7 3,170 8.7 36,928 69.7 33,916 64.0 3,012 8.2 36,519 69.5 33,708 64.1 2,811 7.7 36,647 70.9 33,640 65.1 3,007 8.2 37,037 69.8 33,832 63.8 3,205 8.7 36,809 70.2 33,821 64.5 2,988 8.1 36,841 70.2 33,878 64.6 2,963 8.0 36,784 69.5 33,919 64.1 2,865 7.8 36,653 69.7 33,938 64.6 2,715 7.4 Bachelor’s degree and higher2 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................... . Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed........................................ . Unemployment rate............................. . 45,742 77.1 43,570 73.4 2,172 4.7 46,520 76.8 44,495 73.4 2,025 4.4 46,979 77.0 44,943 73.6 2,036 4.3 45,747 77.1 43,540 73.4 2,208 4.8 46,322 76.6 43,952 72.7 2,370 5.1 46,312 76.9 44,095 73.2 2,217 4.8 46,263 76.4 44,322 73.2 1,941 4.2 46,591 76.9 44,588 73.6 2,003 4.3 46,919 76.9 44,843 73.5 2,076 4.4 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Mar. 2010 Men Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Women Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Mar. 2011 VETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,124 11,819 53.4 10,656 48.2 1,163 9.8 10,305 21,729 11,273 51.9 10,259 47.2 1,014 9.0 10,456 20,342 10,727 52.7 9,663 47.5 1,064 9.9 9,615 19,932 10,136 50.9 9,234 46.3 902 8.9 9,796 1,782 1,092 61.3 993 55.7 99 9.1 690 1,797 1,137 63.3 1,025 57.0 112 9.9 660 Gulf War-era II veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,103 1,713 81.4 1,461 69.5 252 14.7 390 2,449 1,948 79.6 1,736 70.9 213 10.9 500 1,743 1,451 83.3 1,236 70.9 215 14.8 292 1,980 1,632 82.4 1,443 72.9 189 11.6 348 360 262 72.7 225 62.4 37 14.2 98 469 316 67.5 293 62.4 24 7.5 152 Gulf War-era I veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,996 2,608 87.0 2,360 78.8 248 9.5 388 2,953 2,480 84.0 2,274 77.0 207 8.3 472 2,545 2,272 89.3 2,037 80.1 235 10.3 273 2,521 2,154 85.4 1,973 78.3 181 8.4 367 451 336 74.4 323 71.6 13 3.8 115 432 326 75.6 301 69.6 26 7.9 105 World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,113 4,014 36.1 3,705 33.3 309 7.7 7,098 10,558 3,602 34.1 3,292 31.2 310 8.6 6,956 10,743 3,904 36.3 3,599 33.5 305 7.8 6,839 10,236 3,473 33.9 3,177 31.0 296 8.5 6,763 370 110 29.9 106 28.7 4 3.8 259 322 129 40.0 115 35.8 14 10.6 193 Veterans of other service periods Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,912 3,484 58.9 3,130 52.9 354 10.2 2,428 5,770 3,243 56.2 2,958 51.3 285 8.8 2,527 5,311 3,100 58.4 2,791 52.5 309 10.0 2,211 5,196 2,877 55.4 2,641 50.8 236 8.2 2,318 601 384 63.9 339 56.4 45 11.7 217 574 365 63.6 316 55.1 49 13.4 209 NONVETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206,214 140,085 67.9 126,083 61.1 14,002 10.0 66,129 208,483 140,108 67.2 127,531 61.2 12,577 9.0 68,375 89,984 70,338 78.2 61,987 68.9 8,351 11.9 19,646 91,497 70,506 77.1 63,349 69.2 7,157 10.2 20,990 116,230 69,747 60.0 64,096 55.1 5,651 8.1 46,483 116,986 69,602 59.5 64,182 54.9 5,420 7.8 47,384 NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Persons with a disability Employment status, sex, and age Mar. 2010 Mar. 2011 Persons with no disability Mar. 2010 Mar. 2011 TOTAL, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..................................................................... . Employed............................................................................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed.......................................................................... . Unemployment rate............................................................... . Not in labor force....................................................................... . 26,945 6,054 22.5 5,215 19.4 839 13.9 20,891 27,631 5,794 21.0 4,891 17.7 903 15.6 21,836 210,214 147,607 70.2 132,767 63.2 14,839 10.1 62,608 211,369 147,228 69.7 134,071 63.4 13,157 8.9 64,141 Men, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..................................................................... . Employed............................................................................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed.......................................................................... . Unemployment rate............................................................... . Not in labor force....................................................................... . 2,835 38.7 2,363 32.2 472 16.6 4,495 2,671 35.2 2,196 29.0 474 17.8 4,907 75,455 83.1 66,499 73.2 8,956 11.9 15,359 74,933 82.3 67,376 74.0 7,557 10.1 16,158 Women, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..................................................................... . Employed............................................................................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed.......................................................................... . Unemployment rate............................................................... . Not in labor force....................................................................... . 2,413 31.8 2,115 27.8 298 12.4 5,183 2,238 29.3 1,876 24.5 362 16.2 5,406 66,307 71.4 60,814 65.4 5,493 8.3 26,614 66,171 71.0 60,952 65.4 5,219 7.9 27,065 Both sexes, 65 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..................................................................... . Employed............................................................................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed.......................................................................... . Unemployment rate............................................................... . Not in labor force....................................................................... . 806 6.7 737 6.1 69 8.5 11,213 886 7.1 819 6.6 67 7.6 11,524 5,845 22.1 5,455 20.6 390 6.7 20,635 6,124 22.6 5,743 21.2 380 6.2 20,917 NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status and nativity Mar. 2010 Men Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Women Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Mar. 2011 Foreign born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,991 23,855 68.2 21,239 60.7 2,616 11.0 11,136 35,996 24,034 66.8 21,728 60.4 2,306 9.6 11,961 17,428 14,093 80.9 12,501 71.7 1,592 11.3 3,334 17,886 14,259 79.7 12,886 72.0 1,373 9.6 3,626 17,564 9,762 55.6 8,739 49.8 1,024 10.5 7,802 18,110 9,775 54.0 8,842 48.8 933 9.5 8,335 Native born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 202,168 129,805 64.2 116,743 57.7 13,062 10.1 72,363 203,004 128,988 63.5 117,234 57.7 11,754 9.1 74,016 97,393 67,856 69.7 59,752 61.4 8,104 11.9 29,537 98,102 67,231 68.5 60,301 61.5 6,931 10.3 30,870 104,775 61,949 59.1 56,991 54.4 4,958 8.0 42,825 104,902 61,756 58.9 56,933 54.3 4,823 7.8 43,146 NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Category CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private households........................... . Other industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2 All industries Part time for economic reasons3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries Part time for economic reasons3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonally adjusted Mar. 2010 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Nov. 2010 Dec. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 2,103 1,242 835 26 135,880 127,009 21,472 105,537 733 104,804 8,797 74 2,097 1,233 849 15 135,996 127,336 20,985 106,351 688 105,663 8,573 87 2,145 1,303 824 17 136,818 128,060 21,082 106,978 695 106,283 8,652 105 2,212 1,370 851 – 136,842 127,745 21,250 106,515 – 105,770 8,937 – 2,185 1,385 771 – 136,752 127,728 20,600 107,146 – 106,516 8,832 – 2,176 1,384 775 – 137,001 128,043 20,759 107,303 – 106,665 8,783 – 2,256 1,390 861 – 137,088 128,151 20,740 107,409 – 106,774 8,864 – 2,255 1,340 889 – 137,443 128,664 20,933 107,681 – 106,965 8,688 – 2,251 1,423 835 – 137,738 128,800 20,858 107,946 – 107,251 8,773 – 9,343 6,443 2,611 18,739 8,749 6,051 2,402 18,669 8,737 5,812 2,529 18,912 9,012 6,174 2,351 18,334 8,960 6,025 2,557 18,326 8,931 6,011 2,568 18,184 8,407 5,771 2,510 17,929 8,340 5,630 2,415 18,220 8,433 5,595 2,332 18,417 9,210 6,343 2,606 18,430 8,633 5,974 2,388 18,321 8,537 5,708 2,503 18,565 8,903 6,093 2,378 18,001 8,822 5,941 2,555 17,929 8,789 5,911 2,542 17,829 8,242 5,661 2,513 17,552 8,248 5,558 2,383 17,835 8,265 5,504 2,305 17,984 1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. 2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. 3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. 4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Characteristic Seasonally adjusted Mar. 2010 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Nov. 2010 Dec. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137,983 4,207 1,243 2,964 133,775 12,380 121,396 93,620 29,860 30,623 33,137 27,776 138,093 3,974 1,155 2,819 134,119 12,664 121,455 93,017 30,110 30,156 32,751 28,437 138,962 4,075 1,172 2,903 134,887 12,823 122,064 93,442 30,303 30,453 32,686 28,622 138,952 4,497 1,393 3,093 134,455 12,608 121,804 94,096 30,115 30,790 33,191 27,708 138,909 4,393 1,440 2,961 134,515 12,774 121,744 93,723 30,214 30,527 32,982 28,021 139,206 4,298 1,434 2,869 134,908 12,713 122,196 93,962 30,345 30,447 33,170 28,234 139,323 4,341 1,406 2,939 134,982 12,941 122,026 93,758 30,438 30,373 32,946 28,268 139,573 4,300 1,311 3,000 135,274 12,954 122,245 93,764 30,412 30,409 32,943 28,481 139,864 4,339 1,326 2,990 135,525 13,021 122,479 93,949 30,538 30,605 32,806 28,530 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,253 2,014 602 1,412 70,238 6,248 63,990 49,510 15,999 16,475 17,036 14,481 72,796 1,953 562 1,391 70,842 6,513 64,329 49,491 16,347 16,240 16,904 14,839 73,187 1,980 604 1,376 71,207 6,579 64,628 49,659 16,401 16,319 16,939 14,969 73,163 2,187 688 1,492 70,977 6,409 64,586 50,079 16,291 16,635 17,153 14,507 73,337 2,206 688 1,524 71,130 6,502 64,617 49,970 16,331 16,543 17,096 14,648 73,600 2,121 695 1,420 71,480 6,568 64,904 50,117 16,428 16,522 17,168 14,787 73,800 2,211 717 1,471 71,589 6,784 64,789 50,005 16,542 16,394 17,070 14,784 74,122 2,168 668 1,495 71,954 6,715 65,179 50,247 16,627 16,477 17,143 14,932 74,108 2,149 688 1,454 71,959 6,731 65,207 50,241 16,677 16,481 17,083 14,966 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,730 2,193 640 1,552 63,537 6,132 57,405 44,110 13,861 14,148 16,101 13,295 65,297 2,021 593 1,428 63,277 6,151 57,125 43,527 13,764 13,916 15,847 13,598 65,775 2,095 568 1,527 63,681 6,244 57,436 43,783 13,902 14,135 15,746 13,653 65,789 2,310 705 1,602 63,479 6,198 57,218 44,017 13,824 14,155 16,038 13,201 65,572 2,187 752 1,437 63,385 6,272 57,127 43,753 13,883 13,983 15,887 13,374 65,605 2,177 739 1,449 63,428 6,145 57,292 43,845 13,917 13,925 16,003 13,447 65,523 2,130 689 1,468 63,392 6,157 57,237 43,752 13,897 13,979 15,877 13,485 65,451 2,132 644 1,506 63,319 6,239 57,065 43,517 13,785 13,931 15,800 13,549 65,756 2,190 638 1,537 63,566 6,290 57,272 43,708 13,862 14,124 15,723 13,564 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42,954 34,900 8,688 42,658 34,579 8,499 42,636 34,292 8,744 43,152 34,810 – 43,130 34,543 – 43,081 34,612 – 42,915 34,571 – 42,957 34,496 – 42,880 34,236 – FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,877 28,106 110,731 27,361 111,186 27,776 111,454 27,402 111,187 27,594 111,744 27,394 112,356 26,901 112,660 26,878 112,775 27,087 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,063 5.1 6,882 5.0 6,809 4.9 7,002 5.0 6,734 4.8 6,950 5.0 6,840 4.9 6,764 4.8 6,746 4.8 SELF-EMPLOYMENT Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,446 9,632 5,221 9,421 5,169 9,476 – 9,788 – 9,603 – 9,559 – 9,724 – 9,577 – 9,608 1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Mar. 2010 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Nov. 2010 Dec. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years................................... . 18 to 19 years................................... . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years................................... . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over............................ . 14,943 1,581 591 990 13,362 2,351 11,013 9,000 3,344 2,852 2,804 2,043 13,673 1,350 531 820 12,323 2,352 10,013 8,049 3,146 2,436 2,467 1,962 13,542 1,405 542 869 12,137 2,297 9,858 7,933 3,068 2,361 2,504 1,969 9.7 26.0 29.8 24.2 9.0 15.7 8.3 8.7 10.0 8.5 7.8 6.9 9.8 24.5 24.9 24.2 9.2 15.9 8.4 8.7 10.4 7.7 8.1 7.2 9.4 25.4 27.1 24.5 8.8 15.3 8.1 8.5 10.1 7.8 7.5 6.9 9.0 25.7 27.8 24.6 8.4 15.2 7.6 7.9 9.3 7.4 7.1 6.7 8.9 23.9 28.8 21.5 8.3 15.4 7.6 7.9 9.4 7.4 7.0 6.4 8.8 24.5 29.0 22.5 8.2 15.0 7.4 7.8 9.1 7.2 7.1 6.5 Men, 16 years and over.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years................................... . 18 to 19 years................................... . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years................................... . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over............................ . 8,778 914 310 605 7,864 1,429 6,401 5,237 2,038 1,581 1,617 1,164 7,598 757 267 493 6,841 1,315 5,565 4,428 1,743 1,327 1,358 1,137 7,566 761 275 492 6,805 1,319 5,486 4,396 1,703 1,287 1,406 1,090 10.7 29.5 31.1 28.8 10.0 18.2 9.0 9.5 11.1 8.7 8.6 7.4 10.5 26.6 28.5 25.5 9.9 18.1 9.0 9.3 10.9 7.9 9.2 8.0 10.1 27.8 29.0 27.4 9.4 16.9 8.6 8.9 10.6 7.9 8.3 7.2 9.5 27.2 29.1 26.6 8.8 15.9 8.0 8.3 9.8 7.6 7.5 7.1 9.3 25.9 28.5 24.8 8.7 16.4 7.9 8.1 9.5 7.5 7.3 7.1 9.3 26.2 28.5 25.3 8.6 16.4 7.8 8.0 9.3 7.2 7.6 6.8 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years................................... . 18 to 19 years................................... . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years................................... . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over1 .......................... . 6,165 668 281 386 5,497 922 4,613 3,763 1,305 1,271 1,187 841 6,075 593 264 327 5,483 1,036 4,448 3,621 1,403 1,109 1,109 825 5,976 644 267 377 5,332 978 4,372 3,537 1,365 1,073 1,098 846 8.6 22.4 28.5 19.4 8.0 13.0 7.5 7.9 8.6 8.2 6.9 6.0 8.9 22.3 21.2 22.8 8.3 13.5 7.7 8.1 9.8 7.5 6.9 6.2 8.7 22.8 25.2 21.5 8.1 13.5 7.5 7.9 9.5 7.6 6.6 5.8 8.5 24.0 26.4 22.5 7.9 14.4 7.1 7.5 8.7 7.1 6.6 6.3 8.5 21.8 29.1 17.8 8.0 14.2 7.2 7.7 9.2 7.4 6.6 5.7 8.3 22.7 29.5 19.7 7.7 13.5 7.1 7.5 9.0 7.1 6.5 5.8 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,128 2,226 1,102 2,641 1,964 1,273 2,688 2,076 1,224 6.8 6.0 11.3 6.9 5.8 13.0 6.6 5.6 12.0 5.8 5.6 12.7 5.8 5.4 13.0 5.9 5.7 12.3 FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,067 1,960 11,798 1,873 11,746 1,835 10.5 6.7 10.7 5.8 10.2 6.0 9.7 6.2 9.5 6.5 9.4 6.3 1 Not seasonally adjusted. 2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Reason Mar. 2010 Feb. 2011 Seasonally adjusted Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Nov. 2010 Dec. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff........................... . Permanent job losers........................... . Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . Job leavers............................................ . Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,311 2,015 8,296 6,837 1,459 856 3,521 991 9,212 1,718 7,495 6,005 1,489 888 3,338 1,103 8,841 1,489 7,352 5,877 1,475 857 3,233 1,129 9,368 1,570 7,798 6,438 1,360 893 3,523 1,185 9,471 1,430 8,042 6,425 1,617 864 3,427 1,269 8,923 1,402 7,521 5,995 1,526 914 3,408 1,311 8,519 1,249 7,270 5,879 1,391 910 3,357 1,351 8,334 1,270 7,064 5,671 1,393 898 3,352 1,337 8,209 1,197 7,013 5,625 1,388 896 3,262 1,360 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff........................... . Job leavers............................................ . Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.8 12.9 52.9 5.5 22.5 6.3 63.4 11.8 51.5 6.1 23.0 7.6 62.9 10.6 52.3 6.1 23.0 8.0 62.6 10.5 52.1 6.0 23.5 7.9 63.0 9.5 53.5 5.8 22.8 8.4 61.3 9.6 51.7 6.3 23.4 9.0 60.3 8.8 51.4 6.4 23.7 9.6 59.9 9.1 50.7 6.4 24.1 9.6 59.8 8.7 51.1 6.5 23.8 9.9 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers............................................ . Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 0.6 2.3 0.6 6.0 0.6 2.2 0.7 5.8 0.6 2.1 0.7 6.1 0.6 2.3 0.8 6.2 0.6 2.2 0.8 5.8 0.6 2.2 0.9 5.6 0.6 2.2 0.9 5.4 0.6 2.2 0.9 5.4 0.6 2.1 0.9 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Duration Mar. 2010 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 Seasonally adjusted Mar. 2010 Nov. 2010 Dec. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 weeks and over................................... . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,402 3,599 9,676 2,966 6,711 2,263 3,801 8,478 2,420 6,058 2,161 3,230 8,669 2,407 6,263 2,654 3,210 8,966 2,449 6,517 2,824 3,336 8,843 2,515 6,328 2,725 3,184 8,647 2,205 6,441 2,678 3,016 8,495 2,285 6,210 2,390 3,094 8,172 2,179 5,993 2,449 2,914 8,078 1,957 6,122 Average (mean) duration, in weeks1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.1 21.6 36.7 20.6 39.8 22.7 31.7 20.3 33.9 21.7 34.2 22.4 36.9 21.8 37.1 21.2 39.0 21.7 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 weeks and over................................... . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.3 23.0 61.7 18.9 42.8 15.6 26.1 58.3 16.6 41.7 15.4 23.0 61.7 17.1 44.5 17.9 21.6 60.5 16.5 43.9 18.8 22.2 58.9 16.8 42.2 18.7 21.9 59.4 15.2 44.3 18.9 21.3 59.9 16.1 43.8 17.5 22.7 59.8 16.0 43.9 18.2 21.7 60.1 14.6 45.5 1 Beginning in January 2011, this series reflects a change to the collection of data on unemployment duration. For more information, see www.bls.gov/cps/duration.htm. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Employed Occupation Total, 16 years and over1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . Management, business, and financial operations occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service occupations................................................. . Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations........................................................ . Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............ . Production, transportation, and material moving occupations........................................................ . Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and material moving occupations............. . Unemployed Unemployment rates Mar. 2010 Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Mar. 2011 137,983 52,163 138,962 53,243 15,678 2,600 14,060 2,381 10.2 4.7 9.2 4.3 21,267 30,896 24,229 33,527 15,366 18,161 21,598 31,646 24,223 33,000 14,983 18,018 1,212 1,387 2,770 3,352 1,655 1,697 1,082 1,299 2,744 3,082 1,441 1,642 5.4 4.3 10.3 9.1 9.7 8.5 4.8 3.9 10.2 8.5 8.8 8.4 12,758 852 6,968 4,938 12,575 876 6,898 4,801 3,028 238 2,275 515 2,464 225 1,754 486 19.2 21.8 24.6 9.4 16.4 20.4 20.3 9.2 15,305 7,544 7,761 15,921 7,997 7,924 2,888 1,449 1,440 2,218 1,059 1,159 15.9 16.1 15.6 12.2 11.7 12.8 1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2011 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2010 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2011 are not strictly comparable with earlier years. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Industry and class of worker Total, 16 years and over1 ............................................................... . Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... . Construction.......................................................................... . Manufacturing........................................................................ . Durable goods..................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ . Professional and business services............................................... . Education and health services..................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... . Government workers................................................................... . Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Mar. 2010 Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Mar. 2011 15,678 12,901 73 2,251 1,898 1,289 608 2,097 569 322 717 1,785 1,101 1,571 517 266 881 639 14,060 11,288 46 1,695 1,475 957 518 1,796 562 236 649 1,488 1,152 1,695 495 216 888 540 10.2 10.9 10.1 24.9 12.6 13.6 10.7 10.1 9.7 10.4 7.7 12.4 5.2 12.5 8.4 18.0 3.9 6.2 9.2 9.5 5.9 20.0 9.7 10.0 9.3 8.8 9.6 7.6 7.1 10.0 5.3 13.2 8.1 14.5 4.0 5.3 1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent] Not seasonally adjusted Measure U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force................................................. . Seasonally adjusted Mar. 2010 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Nov. 2010 Dec. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011 6.3 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.7 5.6 5.5 5.3 5.3 6.7 6.0 5.8 6.1 6.2 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.4 10.2 9.5 9.2 9.7 9.8 9.4 9.0 8.9 8.8 10.8 10.1 9.7 10.3 10.5 10.2 9.6 9.5 9.4 11.5 11.1 10.6 11.0 11.2 10.9 10.7 10.5 10.3 17.5 16.7 16.2 16.8 17.0 16.7 16.1 15.9 15.7 NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Category Mar. 2010 Men Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Women Mar. 2011 Mar. 2010 Mar. 2011 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force............................................ . Persons who currently want a job. . . . ............................. . Marginally attached to the labor force1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3 . . . . 83,499 5,719 2,255 994 1,261 85,977 6,250 2,434 921 1,513 32,872 2,795 1,263 624 639 34,497 2,987 1,280 569 711 50,627 2,924 992 370 622 51,481 3,263 1,154 351 802 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both full time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,063 5.1 3,821 1,823 258 1,126 6,809 4.9 3,659 1,816 240 1,048 3,536 4.9 2,110 613 174 618 3,292 4.5 1,994 555 180 537 3,527 5.4 1,712 1,210 84 508 3,517 5.3 1,664 1,261 60 511 1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. 2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonally adjusted Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p 128,584 105,671 17,248 128,183 106,079 17,304 128,982 106,527 17,332 129,907 107,360 17,502 129,438 106,916 17,701 130,328 108,102 17,835 130,522 108,342 17,908 130,738 108,572 17,939 Change from: Feb.2011 Mar.2011p 216 230 31 Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, except oil and gas1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668 47.7 620.6 155.6 193.6 79.2 271.4 723 46.8 676.6 162.4 195.3 83.2 318.9 726 47.4 678.1 163.4 195.5 82.6 319.2 744 47.3 696.9 166.4 200.4 84.4 330.1 680 50.4 629.8 156.8 200.7 79.1 272.3 739 48.1 691.0 163.4 205.1 83.2 322.5 743 48.7 694.3 164.9 205.8 83.0 323.6 758 49.8 707.9 167.7 207.2 84.3 333.0 15 1.1 13.6 2.8 1.4 1.3 9.4 Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 5,213 1,186.3 553.1 633.2 735.0 3,291.5 1,388.0 1,903.5 5,067 1,157.9 528.3 629.6 720.2 3,189.0 1,338.5 1,850.5 5,074 1,146.4 527.5 618.9 725.6 3,201.6 1,339.7 1,861.9 5,183 1,167.1 535.9 631.2 759.3 3,256.9 1,354.9 1,902.0 5,550 1,245.0 585.1 659.9 814.8 3,490.2 1,487.5 2,002.7 5,478 1,219.7 562.4 657.3 830.5 3,427.8 1,445.9 1,981.9 5,515 1,221.4 565.9 655.5 837.5 3,455.9 1,454.6 2,001.3 5,514 1,224.6 566.5 658.1 839.9 3,449.2 1,446.6 2,002.6 -1 3.2 0.6 2.6 2.4 -6.7 -8.0 1.3 Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,367 11,514 11,532 11,575 11,471 11,618 11,650 11,667 17 Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer and electronic products1 . . . . . . . . . . Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . Communication equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Semiconductors and electronic components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . Transportation equipment1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,960 332.6 358.2 353.4 1,253.4 977.9 1,092.8 159.2 116.2 7,132 332.4 351.5 368.6 1,318.1 1,016.7 1,114.0 167.3 119.5 7,151 332.8 352.2 371.6 1,317.8 1,023.2 1,114.8 169.5 117.4 7,185 333.5 358.4 373.9 1,329.5 1,028.0 1,116.7 170.5 117.7 7,010 343.2 371.7 354.0 1,262.0 981.4 1,095.0 159.3 116.6 7,183 340.9 369.6 369.4 1,323.2 1,018.3 1,115.2 167.6 119.2 7,210 343.0 371.3 373.3 1,329.5 1,025.4 1,116.6 169.9 117.2 7,227 343.4 371.8 374.4 1,337.7 1,030.3 1,116.9 170.2 118.2 17 0.4 0.5 1.1 8.2 4.9 0.3 0.3 1.0 365.6 406.1 353.3 1,318.7 665.8 355.9 563.7 377.4 405.2 368.3 1,343.8 686.8 346.8 571.5 378.2 404.5 367.6 1,350.5 692.2 346.4 574.5 379.1 404.4 364.3 1,359.8 698.2 347.7 572.7 366.3 406.9 355.5 1,320.5 664.4 359.3 567.2 377.5 406.3 368.2 1,351.8 693.8 352.2 574.2 378.7 405.6 368.0 1,355.2 693.8 351.2 576.0 378.9 404.9 366.1 1,361.3 697.0 350.9 574.6 0.2 -0.7 -1.9 6.1 3.2 -0.3 -1.4 Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beverages and tobacco products. . . . . . . . . . . . Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leather and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,407 1,418.0 178.2 118.9 117.8 158.5 27.4 392.6 487.4 109.8 784.8 613.8 4,382 1,424.9 172.6 118.7 114.7 154.5 27.8 396.3 471.9 105.2 771.2 624.6 4,381 1,417.6 173.6 119.9 114.9 155.9 28.8 394.5 470.8 107.0 773.3 624.3 4,390 1,417.0 173.0 120.5 115.6 154.9 29.4 395.0 473.3 109.7 774.6 627.4 4,461 1,448.3 183.8 119.2 118.9 159.0 27.6 395.7 489.5 113.3 786.6 618.9 4,435 1,446.9 177.6 119.9 115.6 157.9 28.2 396.5 476.4 111.6 773.9 630.2 4,440 1,449.3 179.8 120.7 116.3 156.0 29.1 396.4 474.7 112.7 775.3 629.9 4,440 1,446.5 178.4 120.8 116.2 155.3 29.4 397.4 475.5 113.5 776.1 631.2 0 -2.8 -1.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.7 0.3 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.3 Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,423 88,775 89,195 89,858 89,215 90,267 90,434 90,633 199 Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,278 24,538 24,379 24,522 24,559 24,740 24,765 24,797 32 Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 5,410.4 2,694.3 1,917.6 798.5 5,440.5 2,725.2 1,912.4 802.9 5,452.1 2,734.2 1,913.7 804.2 5,487.3 2,748.6 1,930.6 808.1 5,444.6 2,708.9 1,934.0 801.7 5,492.4 2,744.6 1,939.6 808.2 5,506.0 2,754.8 1,941.3 809.9 5,520.1 2,763.8 1,944.8 811.5 14.1 9.0 3.5 1.6 Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle and parts dealers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . 14,203.6 1,599.4 997.0 432.4 14,372.6 1,621.0 1,011.0 440.1 14,195.0 1,630.4 1,016.8 428.3 14,289.3 1,641.5 1,020.4 426.3 14,408.4 1,614.8 1,002.0 438.7 14,477.7 1,650.8 1,023.3 435.4 14,469.9 1,654.8 1,025.2 434.1 14,487.6 1,656.7 1,024.9 433.0 17.7 1.9 -0.3 -1.1 See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Change from: Feb.2011 Mar.2011p Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . Building material and garden supply stores.. . Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General merchandise stores1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491.5 1,131.5 2,778.7 973.9 804.0 1,318.2 504.0 1,061.1 2,801.0 972.2 803.6 1,414.0 493.7 1,065.9 2,787.6 965.3 799.4 1,363.1 491.6 1,111.3 2,786.0 961.2 805.3 1,365.5 492.5 1,149.0 2,806.9 979.9 814.4 1,364.0 500.0 1,117.3 2,816.1 971.9 814.9 1,412.1 496.1 1,113.7 2,815.5 970.0 812.0 1,413.6 494.0 1,121.5 2,813.9 967.9 814.9 1,415.7 -2.1 7.8 -1.6 -2.1 2.9 2.1 584.6 2,935.0 1,453.2 746.5 407.9 611.9 2,982.8 1,513.9 743.8 417.1 588.9 2,917.8 1,464.0 748.9 405.7 582.5 2,969.3 1,478.0 746.4 402.4 602.1 2,964.6 1,484.8 765.0 416.5 597.6 2,987.2 1,498.9 758.7 415.7 598.5 2,989.1 1,501.9 759.0 413.5 599.2 2,996.1 1,506.3 762.9 411.8 0.7 7.0 4.4 3.9 -1.7 Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transit and ground passenger transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,111.2 461.7 210.8 60.3 1,207.9 4,177.5 466.6 217.2 63.0 1,228.0 4,183.3 468.5 218.9 62.8 1,230.9 4,196.3 471.2 219.2 63.0 1,240.1 4,151.5 462.5 211.7 62.6 1,234.5 4,221.2 469.3 219.1 65.1 1,255.2 4,239.3 470.7 220.0 65.9 1,265.6 4,239.2 471.3 220.0 65.3 1,267.2 -0.1 0.6 0.0 -0.6 1.6 436.5 42.4 20.7 532.3 513.9 624.7 454.0 42.6 19.4 541.3 522.8 622.6 454.3 42.5 20.4 548.1 515.1 621.8 455.0 42.8 21.5 547.3 514.4 621.8 424.0 42.7 27.2 536.9 521.3 628.1 443.9 42.4 27.1 546.1 524.9 628.1 444.6 42.6 27.4 550.0 524.2 628.3 443.9 43.0 27.8 551.2 524.1 625.4 -0.7 0.4 0.4 1.2 -0.1 -2.9 Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553.0 547.2 548.4 548.9 554.3 548.9 550.1 549.9 -0.2 Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . Motion picture and sound recording industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing, hosting and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,715 761.5 2,663 753.7 2,679 754.3 2,678 755.5 2,718 762.5 2,687 756.2 2,685 756.8 2,681 756.9 -4 0.1 365.4 293.5 913.4 352.0 295.3 876.9 366.0 295.8 875.9 368.5 294.8 869.8 367.0 294.3 912.7 371.1 295.8 876.8 370.3 296.8 873.1 370.5 295.5 869.3 0.2 -1.3 -3.8 243.6 137.6 238.0 146.7 238.3 148.4 239.8 149.6 243.0 138.5 239.8 147.0 239.6 148.5 239.1 150.0 -0.5 1.5 Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . Credit intermediation and related activities1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depository credit intermediation1 . . . . . . . . . . Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities, commodity contracts, investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 7,606 5,695.1 20.6 7,560 5,666.0 21.0 7,561 5,662.0 20.8 7,573 5,660.3 21.1 7,643 5,698.0 20.6 7,607 5,677.0 21.1 7,604 5,667.8 21.0 7,610 5,663.4 21.1 6 -4.4 0.1 2,543.5 1,726.6 1,303.7 2,542.5 1,743.9 1,316.4 2,538.9 1,741.7 1,314.7 2,534.5 1,741.3 1,314.4 2,543.6 1,730.3 1,305.0 2,543.9 1,743.1 1,315.8 2,538.5 1,743.0 1,315.2 2,535.3 1,743.8 1,316.0 -3.2 0.8 0.8 795.6 2,249.0 86.4 1,910.6 1,378.9 506.3 25.4 802.5 2,213.0 87.0 1,893.9 1,368.6 499.8 25.5 804.7 2,210.4 87.2 1,898.7 1,374.8 498.5 25.4 806.5 2,211.7 86.5 1,913.0 1,377.9 509.5 25.6 795.5 2,251.6 86.7 1,944.6 1,398.8 520.1 25.7 804.7 2,220.1 87.2 1,929.5 1,390.8 513.0 25.7 806.0 2,215.1 87.2 1,936.6 1,395.6 515.4 25.6 806.6 2,213.4 87.0 1,946.1 1,397.6 522.8 25.7 0.6 -1.7 -0.2 9.5 2.0 7.4 0.1 16,343 7,467.9 1,109.1 1,005.2 1,260.8 16,601 7,513.7 1,107.2 977.6 1,262.3 16,736 7,576.4 1,106.2 1,019.4 1,263.1 16,879 7,600.3 1,108.4 1,018.0 1,271.1 16,546 7,403.3 1,113.4 891.1 1,279.2 16,953 7,486.6 1,115.1 883.3 1,280.5 16,997 7,494.2 1,113.1 878.0 1,284.2 17,075 7,528.9 1,112.6 898.2 1,289.4 78 34.7 -0.5 20.2 5.2 1,416.7 1,467.3 1,472.2 1,473.9 1,424.9 1,472.1 1,475.8 1,482.2 6.4 981.7 1,849.9 7,024.7 1,000.1 1,862.0 7,225.5 1,009.9 1,862.5 7,297.2 1,010.0 1,867.0 7,411.2 989.2 1,855.3 7,287.3 1,011.8 1,871.4 7,594.6 1,017.6 1,871.5 7,631.4 1,017.3 1,872.5 7,673.4 -0.3 1.0 42.0 Industry Retail trade - Continued Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and technical services1 . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . Computer systems design and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management of companies and enterprises. . . . Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Change from: Feb.2011 Mar.2011p Administrative and support services1 . . . . . . . . Employment services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . Waste management and remediation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,681.2 2,517.3 1,908.1 809.4 1,591.3 6,872.2 2,693.0 2,066.0 804.6 1,605.5 6,945.2 2,756.4 2,111.0 810.7 1,600.2 7,059.4 2,817.0 2,161.8 813.3 1,636.5 6,936.3 2,639.4 2,006.2 804.6 1,715.5 7,234.7 2,867.1 2,206.1 805.4 1,770.5 7,270.4 2,899.2 2,228.8 808.3 1,765.2 7,313.3 2,935.1 2,257.6 809.2 1,764.1 42.9 35.9 28.8 0.9 -1.1 343.5 353.3 352.0 351.8 351.0 359.9 361.0 360.1 -0.9 Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ambulatory health care services1 . . . . . . . . . Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing and residential care facilities1 . . . . Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Social assistance1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,599 3,284.8 16,314.4 13,694.6 5,924.2 2,305.7 594.4 1,065.9 4,665.7 3,104.7 1,649.4 2,619.8 868.3 19,670 3,113.6 16,556.0 13,894.5 6,031.2 2,328.8 610.0 1,098.1 4,705.4 3,157.9 1,675.3 2,661.5 868.6 19,925 3,336.5 16,588.3 13,921.5 6,060.8 2,334.0 613.7 1,107.5 4,705.8 3,154.9 1,668.5 2,666.8 870.6 20,019 3,352.7 16,666.1 13,977.6 6,085.1 2,343.0 614.4 1,113.5 4,719.7 3,172.8 1,678.6 2,688.5 879.2 19,455 3,131.1 16,323.8 13,722.2 5,935.1 2,309.6 594.6 1,067.9 4,674.4 3,112.7 1,654.2 2,601.6 849.9 19,789 3,190.0 16,598.5 13,935.8 6,056.1 2,333.4 611.8 1,105.0 4,712.0 3,167.7 1,679.4 2,662.7 860.2 19,830 3,196.9 16,632.6 13,968.4 6,079.3 2,338.9 614.3 1,113.6 4,717.4 3,171.7 1,678.1 2,664.2 858.6 19,875 3,198.3 16,677.1 14,005.0 6,096.9 2,346.5 615.0 1,115.6 4,727.6 3,180.5 1,682.8 2,672.1 860.7 45 1.4 44.5 36.6 17.6 7.6 0.7 2.0 10.2 8.8 4.7 7.9 2.1 Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks. . . Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 12,578 1,740.3 369.9 119.3 1,251.1 10,837.9 1,678.5 9,159.4 12,399 1,652.8 360.0 115.4 1,177.4 10,746.0 1,678.0 9,068.0 12,531 1,690.8 379.8 117.4 1,193.6 10,840.3 1,689.5 9,150.8 12,774 1,738.9 386.3 121.3 1,231.3 11,034.9 1,715.2 9,319.7 12,963 1,896.0 393.6 128.3 1,374.1 11,066.6 1,743.5 9,323.1 13,071 1,886.5 406.8 128.0 1,351.7 11,184.3 1,769.0 9,415.3 13,119 1,895.8 413.5 129.3 1,353.0 11,223.2 1,772.1 9,451.1 13,156 1,898.3 413.5 129.6 1,355.2 11,257.7 1,780.1 9,477.6 37 2.5 0.0 0.3 2.2 34.5 8.0 26.5 Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership associations and organizations. . . . 5,304 1,127.8 1,259.1 2,916.8 5,344 1,129.8 1,248.3 2,965.9 5,384 1,140.1 1,261.1 2,983.1 5,413 1,150.2 1,273.0 2,989.4 5,331 1,130.7 1,266.1 2,933.8 5,420 1,148.5 1,268.0 3,003.3 5,434 1,150.7 1,276.2 3,007.1 5,439 1,152.3 1,279.3 3,007.5 5 1.6 3.1 0.4 Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 22,913 2,905.0 2,244.2 661.2 5,280.0 2,506.7 2,773.5 14,728.0 8,432.1 6,296.2 22,104 2,828.0 2,189.4 638.7 5,049.0 2,322.0 2,727.1 14,227.0 8,047.1 6,179.9 22,455 2,827.0 2,196.1 630.4 5,232.0 2,515.9 2,716.1 14,396.0 8,214.7 6,181.3 22,547 2,832.0 2,205.4 626.4 5,253.0 2,533.1 2,720.2 14,462.0 8,271.9 6,190.2 22,522 2,926.0 2,261.4 664.9 5,142.0 2,361.8 2,780.6 14,454.0 8,058.3 6,395.8 22,226 2,850.0 2,210.8 639.1 5,136.0 2,396.0 2,739.6 14,240.0 7,939.3 6,300.8 22,180 2,851.0 2,216.0 634.6 5,119.0 2,390.1 2,728.7 14,210.0 7,916.1 6,294.0 22,166 2,852.0 2,221.2 630.7 5,119.0 2,391.5 2,727.6 14,195.0 7,906.9 6,288.0 -14 1.0 5.2 -3.9 0.0 1.4 -1.1 -15.0 -9.2 -6.0 Industry Administrative and waste services - Continued 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................. . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................. . Nondurable goods.............................................................. . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade...................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities........................................................................... . Information......................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services..................................................................... . 34.1 39.3 43.3 37.3 40.0 40.3 39.6 33.0 34.2 37.9 31.4 38.1 40.6 36.5 36.9 35.3 32.8 25.8 31.6 34.2 39.6 44.1 37.3 40.4 40.7 39.9 33.1 34.4 38.4 31.3 38.7 41.8 36.5 37.0 35.7 32.7 25.8 31.6 34.3 39.9 44.0 38.0 40.6 40.9 40.0 33.2 34.5 38.5 31.4 38.8 41.3 36.6 37.0 35.7 32.7 25.8 31.6 34.3 39.8 44.3 37.8 40.5 40.9 40.0 33.2 34.5 38.6 31.4 39.0 41.9 36.7 37.0 35.7 32.7 25.9 31.7 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing........................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods................................................................... . 2.9 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.4 Industry p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Total private................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade......................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Information............................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services........................................ . $22.48 23.92 27.04 25.17 23.16 24.65 20.78 22.14 19.58 26.08 15.54 20.86 32.28 30.25 27.10 27.15 22.73 13.09 20.11 $22.86 24.40 27.99 25.42 23.70 25.23 21.17 22.50 19.83 26.20 15.65 21.30 33.19 31.13 27.55 27.38 23.34 13.18 20.41 $22.87 24.27 27.97 25.40 23.51 25.00 21.04 22.54 19.86 26.18 15.68 21.42 33.10 31.30 27.57 27.49 23.40 13.15 20.40 $22.87 24.28 28.02 25.41 23.51 24.99 21.06 22.54 19.86 26.10 15.65 21.51 33.33 31.17 27.55 27.56 23.40 13.14 20.30 p Preliminary Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p $ 766.57 $ 781.81 $ 784.44 $ 784.44 940.06 966.24 968.37 966.34 1,170.83 1,234.36 1,230.68 1,241.29 938.84 948.17 965.20 960.50 926.40 957.48 954.51 952.16 993.40 1,026.86 1,022.50 1,022.09 822.89 844.68 841.60 842.40 730.62 744.75 748.33 748.33 669.64 682.15 685.17 685.17 988.43 1,006.08 1,007.93 1,007.46 487.96 489.85 492.35 491.41 794.77 824.31 831.10 838.89 1,310.57 1,387.34 1,367.03 1,396.53 1,104.13 1,136.25 1,145.58 1,143.94 999.99 1,019.35 1,020.09 1,019.35 958.40 977.47 981.39 983.89 745.54 763.22 765.18 765.18 337.72 340.04 339.27 340.33 635.48 644.96 644.64 643.51 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours1 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2 Industry Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Percent change from: Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction................................. . Manufacturing............................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade.......................... . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services...... . Education and health services. . . . ........ . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.4 79.3 92.5 71.3 82.5 79.5 88.2 94.6 91.3 90.0 91.9 90.5 97.3 90.6 92.9 91.9 103.9 95.4 93.3 92.6 80.5 102.4 70.4 84.4 82.3 88.3 96.0 92.5 92.0 92.0 93.5 99.2 89.6 92.7 95.2 105.3 96.2 94.9 93.1 81.4 102.7 72.2 85.1 83.0 88.6 96.4 92.9 92.5 92.3 94.1 98.3 89.7 92.7 95.4 105.5 96.6 95.1 93.3 81.3 105.5 71.8 85.0 83.2 88.6 96.6 93.0 93.0 92.4 94.6 99.7 89.9 92.8 95.9 105.8 97.2 95.5 0.2 -0.1 2.7 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.5 1.4 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.4 Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Percent change from: Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011p 97.9 85.7 100.4 78.0 88.9 87.1 93.0 101.4 96.2 98.0 94.4 95.8 103.8 97.6 98.3 101.0 110.6 100.8 106.5 101.0 88.7 115.1 77.8 93.1 92.2 94.9 104.6 98.7 100.6 95.2 101.1 108.8 99.3 99.7 105.6 115.2 102.3 109.9 101.6 89.3 115.4 79.7 93.0 92.2 94.6 105.3 99.3 101.1 95.7 102.3 107.5 100.0 99.8 106.3 115.7 102.5 110.1 101.8 89.3 118.7 79.3 92.9 92.4 94.7 105.5 99.4 101.3 95.6 103.3 109.8 99.7 99.8 107.0 116.0 103.1 110.1 0.2 0.0 2.9 -0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.1 1.0 2.1 -0.3 0.0 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.0 1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees Industry Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Total nonfarm.............. . . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing..................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing...................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality............................ . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,649 51,810 4,105 96 736 3,273 1,727 1,546 47,705 10,039 1,647.5 7,251.7 998.8 140.5 1,114 4,513 7,401 15,019 6,794 2,825 12,839 64,662 52,037 4,067 101 712 3,254 1,724 1,530 47,970 9,991 1,650.1 7,205.2 1,001.0 134.3 1,094 4,451 7,512 15,223 6,832 2,867 12,625 64,728 52,112 4,068 102 713 3,253 1,725 1,528 48,044 9,997 1,655.1 7,205.4 1,001.8 134.3 1,092 4,439 7,554 15,244 6,850 2,868 12,616 64,814 52,199 4,071 103 711 3,257 1,728 1,529 48,128 10,007 1,656.0 7,216.1 1,000.5 134.6 1,093 4,447 7,575 15,265 6,877 2,864 12,615 49.9 48.5 23.2 14.1 13.3 28.5 24.6 34.7 53.5 40.9 30.3 50.3 24.1 25.3 41.0 59.0 44.7 77.2 52.4 53.0 57.0 49.6 48.1 22.8 13.7 13.0 28.0 24.0 34.5 53.1 40.4 30.0 49.8 23.7 24.5 40.7 58.5 44.3 76.9 52.3 52.9 56.8 49.6 48.1 22.7 13.7 12.9 27.9 23.9 34.4 53.1 40.4 30.1 49.8 23.6 24.4 40.7 58.4 44.4 76.9 52.2 52.8 56.9 49.6 48.1 22.7 13.6 12.9 27.9 23.9 34.4 53.1 40.4 30.0 49.8 23.6 24.5 40.8 58.4 44.4 76.8 52.3 52.7 56.9 p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [In thousands] Industry Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing....... . . . . . . . . . . . ..................................................... . Mining and logging.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction.......................................................................... . Manufacturing........................................................................ . Durable goods..................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. . Wholesale trade................................................................... . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing................................................ . Utilities.............................................................................. . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ . Professional and business services............................................... . Education and health services..................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,134 12,744 502 4,201 8,041 4,789 3,252 75,390 20,835 4,384.5 12,395.3 3,608.2 446.6 2,162 5,910 13,552 17,050 11,429 4,452 89,058 12,845 555 4,157 8,133 4,906 3,227 76,213 20,926 4,395.8 12,458.2 3,635.1 436.8 2,158 5,835 13,917 17,343 11,491 4,543 89,274 12,897 557 4,183 8,157 4,929 3,228 76,377 20,946 4,407.2 12,458.0 3,643.1 437.9 2,159 5,831 13,971 17,374 11,543 4,553 89,492 12,942 569 4,189 8,184 4,955 3,229 76,550 20,963 4,419.5 12,464.2 3,641.2 437.8 2,149 5,831 14,049 17,412 11,587 4,559 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................. . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................. . Nondurable goods.............................................................. . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade...................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities........................................................................... . Information......................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services..................................................................... . 33.3 40.0 44.2 37.7 41.0 41.2 40.7 32.2 33.1 37.8 30.1 36.7 41.5 36.5 36.1 35.0 32.1 25.0 30.7 33.4 40.2 46.2 37.6 41.1 41.5 40.5 32.3 33.5 38.3 30.4 37.4 42.4 36.3 36.3 35.1 32.1 24.7 30.7 33.5 40.7 45.8 38.6 41.4 41.7 40.8 32.3 33.6 38.4 30.3 37.9 42.2 36.4 36.3 35.2 32.2 24.8 30.7 33.6 40.7 46.2 38.5 41.5 41.9 40.8 32.4 33.8 38.5 30.5 38.1 42.6 36.3 36.2 35.1 32.1 24.9 30.8 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing........................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods................................................................... . 3.7 3.7 3.7 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.0 4.3 4.4 4.1 Industry 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Total private................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade......................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Information............................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services........................................ . $18.93 20.16 23.85 23.12 18.49 19.68 16.72 18.67 16.72 21.36 13.17 19.12 29.65 25.64 21.40 22.62 19.91 11.32 16.98 $19.31 20.55 24.14 23.48 18.91 20.14 16.99 19.05 17.04 21.90 13.37 19.47 30.23 26.23 21.74 23.02 20.48 11.32 17.22 $19.32 20.58 24.24 23.49 18.91 20.12 17.02 19.05 17.03 21.86 13.37 19.38 30.15 26.32 21.63 23.02 20.50 11.35 17.21 $19.30 20.59 24.38 23.48 18.92 20.09 17.07 19.02 17.02 21.86 13.35 19.30 30.59 26.14 21.64 23.06 20.45 11.36 17.14 Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p $ 630.37 $ 644.95 $ 647.22 $ 648.48 806.40 826.11 837.61 838.01 1,054.17 1,115.27 1,110.19 1,126.36 871.62 882.85 906.71 903.98 758.09 777.20 782.87 785.18 810.82 835.81 839.00 841.77 680.50 688.10 694.42 696.46 601.17 615.32 615.32 616.25 553.43 570.84 572.21 575.28 807.41 838.77 839.42 841.61 396.42 406.45 405.11 407.18 701.70 728.18 734.50 735.33 1,230.48 1,281.75 1,272.33 1,303.13 935.86 952.15 958.05 948.88 772.54 789.16 785.17 783.37 791.70 808.00 810.30 809.41 639.11 657.41 660.10 656.45 283.00 279.60 281.48 282.86 521.29 528.65 528.35 527.91 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [2002=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours2 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3 Industry Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Percent change from: Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction................................. . Manufacturing............................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade.......................... . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services...... . Education and health services. . . . ........ . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.1 77.9 117.9 79.3 75.7 74.1 78.0 103.8 96.1 97.6 94.4 99.7 94.8 90.1 102.1 106.3 118.1 104.7 95.9 99.4 78.9 136.3 78.3 76.7 76.5 77.0 105.3 97.7 99.1 95.9 102.3 94.7 89.4 101.4 109.5 120.1 104.0 97.8 99.9 80.2 135.6 80.8 77.5 77.2 77.6 105.5 98.1 99.7 95.5 103.9 94.5 89.7 101.3 110.2 120.7 104.9 98.1 100.5 80.5 139.7 80.8 77.9 78.0 77.6 106.1 98.8 100.2 96.2 104.4 95.4 89.1 101.0 110.5 120.6 105.8 98.5 0.6 0.4 3.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 0.0 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.5 1.0 -0.7 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.9 0.4 Mar. 2010 Jan. 2011 Feb. 2011p Mar. 2011p Percent change from: Feb. 2011 Mar. 2011p 124.0 96.2 163.5 99.0 91.5 91.1 92.1 132.9 114.7 122.8 106.6 120.9 117.3 114.3 135.1 143.1 154.5 134.6 118.6 128.2 99.3 191.3 99.2 94.9 96.2 92.5 137.5 118.8 127.9 109.9 126.4 119.5 116.1 136.2 150.0 161.7 133.7 122.8 129.0 101.1 191.1 102.5 95.8 97.0 93.3 137.8 119.2 128.3 109.5 127.8 118.9 116.9 135.5 151.0 162.6 135.2 123.0 129.6 101.5 198.1 102.4 96.4 97.8 93.6 138.3 119.9 129.0 110.1 127.9 121.8 115.2 135.2 151.6 162.1 136.4 123.0 0.5 0.4 3.7 -0.1 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.1 2.4 -1.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.9 0.0 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary
@FedFRASER