Full text of The Employment Situation : March 2003

The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.

Technical information:
Household data:

Establishment data:
Media contact:

(202) 691-6378
http://www.bls.gov/cps/

USDL 03-157

691-6555
http://www.bls.gov/ces/
691-5902

Transmission of material in this release is
embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EST),
Friday, April 4, 2003.

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MARCH 2003
Total nonfarm payroll employment declined by 108,000 in March, while the unemployment rate was
unchanged at 5.8 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today.
Employment continued to decline in manufacturing, retail trade, and transportation. Government employment
also was down over the month.
Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,
April 2000 - March 2003

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,
April 2000 - March 2003

Percent
6.5

Millions
134.0

6.0

132.0

5.5

130.0

5.0

128.0

4.5

126.0

4.0

124.0

0.0
3.5

2001

2002

2003

0.0
122.0

2001

2002

2003

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
The number of unemployed persons, 8.4 million, was unchanged in March, and the unemployment rate
remained at 5.8 percent. Unemployment rates for the major worker groups—adult men (5.3 percent), adult
women (5.0 percent), teenagers (17.7 percent), whites (5.1 percent), blacks or African Americans (10.2
percent), and Hispanics or Latinos (7.5 percent)—showed little or no change in March. The unemployment
rate for Asians was 6.5 percent, not seasonally adjusted. About 1 in 5 unemployed persons had been
without a job for 27 weeks or longer. (See tables A-1, A-2, A-3, and A-9.)
Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
Total employment in March was 137.3 million, and the employment-population ratio was about unchanged at 62.3 percent. The civilian labor force was 145.8 million. The labor force participation rate—
the proportion of the population age 16 and older who are either working or looking for work—was
66.2 percent. Since March 2001, the labor force participation rate has decreased by 0.9 percentage point.
(See table A-1.)

2
Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Quarterly averages
Monthly data
Category
2002
2003 ¹
2003 ¹
IV
I
Jan.
Feb.
Labor force status

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Civilian labor force.............................
Employment...................................
Unemployment..............................
Not in labor force...............................

Mar.

Feb.Mar.
change

145,241
136,657
8,584
73,302

145,829
137,430
8,399
74,280

145,838
137,536
8,302
74,059

145,857
137,408
8,450
74,257

145,793
137,348
8,445
74,524

-64
-60
-5
267

5.8
5.3
5.0
17.7
5.1
10.2
7.5

.0
.0
.0
0.6
.1
-.3
-.2

130,873 p130,516 p130,408
23,563 p23,462 p23,448
6,564
p6,522
p6,543
16,447 p16,388 p16,352
107,310 p107,054 p106,960
23,271 p23,154 p23,111
41,522 p41,401 p41,391
21,367 p21,380 p21,340

p-108
p-14
p21
p-36
p-94
p-43
p-10
p-40

Unemployment rates
All workers.........................................
Adult men......................................
Adult women.................................
Teenagers..................................…
White 2 ............................................
Black or African American 2...……
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity…..…....

5.9
5.5
5.2
16.1
5.1
10.7
7.8

5.8
5.4
4.9
17.2
5.1
10.3
7.7

5.8
5.3
5.0
17.1
5.0
10.5
7.7

Employment

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Nonfarm employment.........................
Goods-producing 3 ...........................
Construction............................
Manufacturing.........................
Service-producing 3 ......................
Retail trade...............................
Services....................................
Government..............................

5.7
5.4
4.7
16.8
5.1
10.3
7.8

130,795 p130,599
23,623 p23,491
6,544
p6,543
16,528 p16,396
107,172 p107,108
23,229 p23,179
41,419 p41,438
21,357 p21,362

Hours of work 4
Total private........................................
Manufacturing...................................
Overtime.........................................

34.2
40.7
4.1

p34.2
p40.8
p4.1

34.3
40.9
4.1

p34.1
p40.8
p4.1

p34.3
p40.8
p4.0

p0.2
p.0
p-.1

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (1982=100) 4
Total private........................................

147.9

p147.7

148.5
Earnings

p147.1

p147.6

p0.5

4

Average hourly earnings,
total private...................................
$14.94 p$15.06
$14.99 p$15.08 p$15.10
p$0.02
Average weekly earnings,
total private...................................
510.45 p515.44
514.16 p514.23 p517.93
p3.70
1
Beginning in January 2003, household data reflect revised population controls used in the Current
Population Survey.
2
Beginning in 2003, persons who selected this race group only were included in this category. Persons
who selected more than one race group are included only in the "all workers" total. Prior to 2003, persons
who reported more than one race were included in the group they identified as the main race.
3
Includes other industries, not shown separately.
4
Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.
p=preliminary.

3

There were 4.7 million persons working part time for economic reasons in March, little changed from
February. These persons indicated that they would like to work full time, but worked part time because their
hours were cut back or they were unable to find a full-time job. The number of such workers has increased
by about half a million over the year. (See table A-5.)
Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
In March, 1.6 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, compared with 1.4 million a
year earlier. These individuals wanted and were available to work and had looked for a job sometime in the
prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed, however, because they did not actively search for
work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. There were 474,000 discouraged workers in March, up from
330,000 a year ago. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, were not currently looking
for work specifically because they believed no jobs were available for them. (See table A-13.)
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
Total nonfarm payroll employment fell by 108,000 in March to 130.4 million, seasonally adjusted. This
followed a loss of 357,000 jobs (as revised) in February. The largest job declines in March occurred in
manufacturing, retail trade, and government. Construction employment edged upward, and most other major
industries showed little change in employment. (See table B-1.)
Widespread job losses continued in manufacturing (-36,000) over the month, particularly in the industries
that produce durable goods. Manufacturing employment reached its most recent peak in April 1998 and has
since fallen by 2.5 million. Over the month, employment in industrial machinery decreased by 8,000 and has
fallen by 470,000 since its most recent peak in April 1998. Employment in electronic and other electrical
equipment edged down by 4,000 in March and has dropped by 418,000 since November 2000. Aircraft
manufacturing lost 2,000 jobs over the month, and employment in the industry has declined by 141,000 since
September 1998. Each of these three industries has had an employment decrease of at least 20 percent.
In March, employment in the construction industry increased by 21,000, following a decrease of 42,000
(as revised) in February. Since April 2002, construction industry employment has shown virtually no net
change. In mining, employment has been essentially unchanged since September 2002. A gain of 9,000 jobs
in oil and gas extraction over that period was largely offset by losses in nonmetallic mining.
Retail trade lost 43,000 jobs in March, after seasonal adjustment, mainly reflecting another large decline
in eating and drinking places. Employment in eating and drinking places fell by 38,000 over the month; the
industry has lost nearly 300,000 jobs since its peak in July 2001. Department stores lost 13,000 jobs in
March.
Over the past 2 years, government employment trended upward, while private sector employment
trended downward. Recently, budget problems have lowered the rate of job growth in state and local
government. In March, government employment fell by 40,000.
Transportation employment was down by 14,000 in March, with small losses across many component
industries. Since peaking in January 2001, transportation has lost 301,000 jobs, with air transportation
accounting for over half the decline.
Employment in services was essentially unchanged in March, after decreasing by 121,000 in February.
Computer and data processing services lost 10,000 jobs over the month. Seasonal hiring was less than usual
in several services industries. As a result, seasonally adjusted employment was down in help supply services

4

(-48,000), amusements and recreation (-21,000), agricultural services (-15,000), and hotels and other
lodging places (-12,000). Job gains in other service industries, such as health services, private education, and
social services, partly offset these losses.
Wholesale trade employment held steady during the first 3 months of 2003. The industry had lost an
average of 5,000 jobs per month in 2002.
Employment in finance edged upward in March. Mortgage banking added 3,000 jobs, compared with
average gains of 7,000 over the previous 9 months. Since January 2001, employment in this industry has
increased by 126,000, or 42 percent.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased
by 0.2 hour in March to 34.3 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek was unchanged at
40.8 hours. Manufacturing overtime was down by 0.1 hour to 4.0 hours. (See table B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls increased by 0.3 percent in March to 147.6 (1982=100), seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing
index fell by 0.6 percent to 90.0 over the month. (See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased
by 2 cents in March to $15.10, seasonally adjusted. This followed a gain of 9 cents in February (as
revised). Average weekly earnings rose by 0.7 percent in March to $517.93. Over the year, average hourly
earnings increased by 3.1 percent and average weekly earnings grew by 3.4 percent. (See table B-3.)

______________________________

The Employment Situation for April 2003 is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 2, at 8:30 A.M.
(EDT).

5

Impact of the Call-up of Military Reservists on the Employment Data
According to information released by the U.S. Department of Defense, about 210,000 reservists had been called into active duty as of mid-March. BLS is unable to quantify the impact of this
call-up on its employment figures.
With regard to the payroll survey:
• In concept, persons on active military duty for the entire survey reference period are not
included on employer payrolls.
• Some reservists would have held jobs not covered by the payroll survey—such as the self
employed or those in agriculture—and others may not have held jobs at all.
• Some of the reservists were called up recently and may have worked for their regular
employer during part of the survey reference period. Therefore, they would have been
counted on the employer’s payroll.
• If reservists are replaced by new workers on an employer’s payroll, there would be no net
change in the number of jobs counted. If reservists are not replaced, a net decline in the
employer’s job count would result.
With regard to the household survey, the Current Population Survey only measures the civilian
noninstitutional population. Also, the population levels to which the labor force estimates are
controlled are not adjusted to reflect the call-up of reservists. As a result, the survey will not
register the impact of these call-ups.

Upcoming Changes to National Nonfarm Payroll Data Series
NAICS conversion. Nonfarm payroll series, produced from the Current Employment Statistics (CES)
program, will be converted from the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system to the 2002 North
American Industry Classification System (NAICS) with the June 6, 2003, release of May 2003 estimates.
The NAICS conversion involves major definitional changes to many of the currently published SIC-based
series. After the conversion to NAICS, SIC-based series will no longer be produced or published.
Historical time series will be reconstructed as part of the NAICS conversion process. All published series
will have a NAICS-based history extending back to at least January 1990. For total nonfarm and other
high-level aggregates, NAICS history will begin in January 1939, the current starting date for these series.
For more detailed series, the starting date will vary depending on the scope of the definitional changes
between SIC and NAICS. The NAICS-based reconstruction effort will cover all CES published data types:
all employees, women workers, production workers, average weekly hours, average hourly earnings, and
derivative series (for example, indexes of aggregate weekly hours).
Completion of the CES sample redesign. June 6, 2003, also will mark the completion of the CES
sample redesign phase-in. The redesign converts the CES from a quota-based sample to a probability-based
sample. In June 2003, the services industries will be converted to the new sample design; all other private
sector industries already have been converted. The final stage of the sample redesign phase-in may result in
level shifts for average weekly hours, average hourly earnings, production worker, and women worker series.
New levels for these series are being recomputed from the NAICS-based probability sample.

6

Concurrent seasonal adjustment. Also beginning in June 2003, the CES program will convert to
concurrent seasonal adjustment, which uses all available monthly estimates, including those for the current
month, in developing seasonal factors. Currently, the CES program projects seasonal factors twice a year.
With the introduction of concurrent seasonal adjustment, BLS will no longer publish seasonal factors for CES
national estimates.
Change to federal government series. Beginning in June 2003, the CES series for federal
government employment will be revised slightly in scope and definition due to a change in source data and
estimation methods. The current national series is an end-of-month federal employee count produced by the
Office of Personnel Management, and it excludes some workers, mostly employees who work in Department
of Defense-owned establishments such as military base commissaries. The CES national series will include
these workers starting in June. Also, federal government employment will be estimated from a sample of
federal establishments, will be benchmarked annually to counts from unemployment insurance tax records,
and will reflect employee counts as of the pay period including the 12th of the month, consistent with other
CES industry series. The historical time series for federal government employment will be revised to reflect
these changes.
Further information on upcoming changes to CES data series is available through the BLS public
database on the Internet, via the CES homepage at http://www.bls.gov/ces/, or by calling 202-691-6555.

Explanatory Note
This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the
Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current
Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household
survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and
unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD
DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by
the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that
appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This
information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation
with State agencies. In June 2002, the sample included over 300,000
establishments employing about 37 million people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular
week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is
generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In
the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period
including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the
calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences
between surveys
Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire
civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of
questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and
over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or
not in the labor force.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as
paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least
15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as
employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of
illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.
People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following
criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were
available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find
employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the
reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need
not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon
the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.
The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed
persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not
in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed
as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the
labor force as a percent of the population, and the employmentpopulation ratio is the employed as a percent of the population.
Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn
from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores,
as well as Federal, State, and local government entities. Employees on

nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted
in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing
sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-producing sector.
Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and
establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:
• The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among
the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.
• The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed. The establishment survey does not.
• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
The establishment survey is not limited by age.
• The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job.
In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job
and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the nation’s labor force and
the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or
expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and
closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very
large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of
the month-to-month changes in unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by
adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make
nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or
increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to
spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force
each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place
relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of
students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics for
the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change.
Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
economic activity.
In both the household and establishment surveys, most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major industry divisions, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently
adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived
by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components;

this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained
by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons,
or more detailed age categories.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are
recalculated twice a year. For the household survey, the factors are
calculated for the January-June period and again for the July-December
period. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal
adjustment are calculated for the May-October period and introduced
along with new benchmarks, and again for the November-April period.
In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are
subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather
than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample
estimates may differ from the “true” population values they represent.
The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the
particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the
standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or
level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no
more than 1.6 standard errors from the “true” population value because
of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90percent level of confidence.
For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total
employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or
minus 290,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases
by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence
interval on the monthly change would range from -190,000 to 390,000
(100,000 +/- 290,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results
are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the “true” over-the-month change lies within this interval.
Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with
confidence that employment had, in fact, increased. If, however, the
reported employment rise was half a million, then all of the values within
the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this
case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise
had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment rate of around 4 percent,
the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in
unemployment is about +/- 270,000, and for the monthly change in the
unemployment rate it is about +/- .19 percentage point.
In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments
have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than
estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The
precision of estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated
over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal
adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly
estimates.
The household and establishment surveys are also affected by
nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons,

including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to
obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or
unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the
collection or processing of the data.
For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most
recent 2 months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for
this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is
only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly
all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered
final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment
survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment
generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation
of employment growth (and other sources of error), a process known as
bias adjustment is included in the survey’s estimating procedures,
whereby a specified number of jobs is added to the monthly samplebased change. The size of the monthly bias adjustment is based largely
on past relationships between the sample-based estimates
of employment and the total counts of employment described
below.
The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are
adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll
employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March samplebased employment estimates and the March universe counts is known
as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for
total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.3 percent, ranging from
zero to 0.7 percent.

Additional statistics and other information
More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and
Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $27.00 per
issue or $53.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC 20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a check
or money order payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or by
charging to Mastercard or Visa.
Employment and Earnings also provides measures of
sampling error for the household survey data published in this
release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, these
measures appear in tables 1-B through 1-D of its “Explanatory Notes.”
Measures of the reliability of the data drawn from the
establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables 2-B through 2-H of that
publication.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message
referral phone: 1-800-877-8339.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)

Seasonally adjusted 1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
Mar.
2002

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

216,823
144,334
66.6
135,558
62.5
8,776
6.1
72,490
4,426

220,114
145,693
66.2
136,433
62.0
9,260
6.4
74,421
4,495

220,317
145,801
66.2
136,783
62.1
9,018
6.2
74,516
4,763

216,823
144,367
66.6
136,143
62.8
8,224
5.7
72,456
4,658

218,548
145,180
66.4
136,542
62.5
8,637
5.9
73,369
4,727

218,741
145,150
66.4
136,439
62.4
8,711
6.0
73,591
4,546

219,897
145,838
66.3
137,536
62.5
8,302
5.7
74,059
4,676

220,114
145,857
66.3
137,408
62.4
8,450
5.8
74,257
4,462

220,317
145,793
66.2
137,348
62.3
8,445
5.8
74,524
5,020

104,198
77,009
73.9
71,956
69.1
5,052
6.6
27,189

105,895
77,658
73.3
72,237
68.2
5,421
7.0
28,237

106,005
77,533
73.1
72,304
68.2
5,228
6.7
28,473

104,198
77,240
74.1
72,719
69.8
4,521
5.9
26,958

105,094
77,618
73.9
72,773
69.2
4,845
6.2
27,476

105,195
77,492
73.7
72,690
69.1
4,801
6.2
27,703

105,767
77,693
73.5
72,994
69.0
4,699
6.0
28,074

105,895
77,927
73.6
73,249
69.2
4,678
6.0
27,968

106,005
77,738
73.3
73,064
68.9
4,674
6.0
28,268

95,999
73,279
76.3
68,929
71.8
4,350
5.9
22,720

97,762
74,206
75.9
69,518
71.1
4,688
6.3
23,556

97,869
74,208
75.8
69,679
71.2
4,528
6.1
23,661

95,999
73,307
76.4
69,517
72.4
3,789
5.2
22,692

97,022
73,770
76.0
69,617
71.8
4,153
5.6
23,252

97,139
73,744
75.9
69,600
71.6
4,145
5.6
23,394

97,635
73,993
75.8
69,967
71.7
4,026
5.4
23,642

97,762
74,254
76.0
70,293
71.9
3,962
5.3
23,508

97,869
74,236
75.9
70,293
71.8
3,944
5.3
23,632

112,626
67,325
59.8
63,601
56.5
3,724
5.5
45,301

114,219
68,036
59.6
64,196
56.2
3,839
5.6
46,184

114,312
68,269
59.7
64,479
56.4
3,790
5.6
46,043

112,626
67,127
59.6
63,423
56.3
3,704
5.5
45,499

113,455
67,562
59.5
63,769
56.2
3,792
5.6
45,893

113,546
67,658
59.6
63,749
56.1
3,909
5.8
45,888

114,130
68,144
59.7
64,542
56.6
3,603
5.3
45,985

114,219
67,930
59.5
64,159
56.2
3,772
5.6
46,289

114,312
68,055
59.5
64,284
56.2
3,771
5.5
46,257

104,752
63,712
60.8
60,520
57.8
3,192
5.0
41,039

106,322
64,622
60.8
61,278
57.6
3,344
5.2
41,701

106,411
64,877
61.0
61,592
57.9
3,285
5.1
41,533

104,752
63,314
60.4
60,161
57.4
3,153
5.0
41,438

105,594
63,921
60.5
60,697
57.5
3,224
5.0
41,673

105,678
64,036
60.6
60,676
57.4
3,360
5.2
41,642

106,235
64,479
60.7
61,443
57.8
3,035
4.7
41,757

106,322
64,310
60.5
61,073
57.4
3,237
5.0
42,013

106,411
64,477
60.6
61,227
57.5
3,250
5.0
41,933

16,073
7,343
45.7
6,108
38.0
1,234
16.8
8,730

16,030
6,866
42.8
5,637
35.2
1,229
17.9
9,164

16,038
6,717
41.9
5,512
34.4
1,205
17.9
9,321

16,073
7,746
48.2
6,464
40.2
1,282
16.6
8,327

15,933
7,489
47.0
6,228
39.1
1,261
16.8
8,444

15,925
7,369
46.3
6,164
38.7
1,206
16.4
8,555

16,027
7,366
46.0
6,125
38.2
1,241
16.8
8,661

16,030
7,293
45.5
6,042
37.7
1,251
17.1
8,736

16,038
7,079
44.1
5,829
36.3
1,251
17.7
8,959

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population ...........................................
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate ...............................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ..........................................................
Not in labor force ....................................................................
Persons who currently want a job .........................................

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population ...........................................
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate ...............................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ..........................................................
Not in labor force ....................................................................

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population ...........................................
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate ...............................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ..........................................................
Not in labor force ....................................................................

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population ...........................................
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate ...............................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ..........................................................
Not in labor force ....................................................................

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population ...........................................
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate ...............................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ..........................................................
Not in labor force ....................................................................

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population ...........................................
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate ...............................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ..........................................................
Not in labor force ....................................................................

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the
household survey.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)

Seasonally adjusted 1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, and age

Mar.
2002

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

179,279
119,816
66.8
113,372
63.2
6,444
5.4
59,463

180,599
120,128
66.5
113,376
62.8
6,752
5.6
60,470

180,728
120,201
66.5
113,630
62.9
6,572
5.5
60,526

179,279
119,863
66.9
113,871
63.5
5,992
5.0
59,416

180,450
120,345
66.7
114,128
63.2
6,218
5.2
60,104

180,580
120,093
66.5
113,910
63.1
6,184
5.1
60,487

180,460
120,084
66.5
113,995
63.2
6,089
5.1
60,376

180,599
120,166
66.5
114,135
63.2
6,031
5.0
60,432

180,728
120,200
66.5
114,089
63.1
6,111
5.1
60,528

61,754
76.6
58,452
72.5
3,302
5.3

62,210
76.3
58,652
72.0
3,558
5.7

62,214
76.3
58,802
72.1
3,412
5.5

61,815
76.6
58,988
73.1
2,827
4.6

62,229
76.6
59,127
72.7
3,102
5.0

62,112
76.3
59,053
72.6
3,059
4.9

62,003
76.2
58,994
72.5
3,009
4.9

62,235
76.4
59,342
72.8
2,893
4.6

62,269
76.3
59,344
72.7
2,925
4.7

51,909
60.3
49,667
57.7
2,242
4.3

52,210
60.3
49,944
57.7
2,265
4.3

52,404
60.5
50,120
57.8
2,284
4.4

51,550
59.9
49,326
57.3
2,223
4.3

51,785
59.8
49,586
57.3
2,199
4.2

51,752
59.7
49,488
57.1
2,264
4.4

51,909
60.0
49,768
57.5
2,141
4.1

51,840
59.9
49,645
57.3
2,194
4.2

52,039
60.1
49,770
57.4
2,269
4.4

6,153
48.8
5,253
41.7
900
14.6

5,709
45.7
4,780
38.3
929
16.3

5,583
44.7
4,707
37.7
876
15.7

6,498
51.6
5,557
44.1
941
14.5

6,332
50.3
5,415
43.0
917
14.5

6,230
49.4
5,369
42.6
861
13.8

6,172
49.4
5,232
41.9
940
15.2

6,091
48.8
5,147
41.2
944
15.5

5,892
47.2
4,976
39.8
916
15.6

25,444
16,437
64.6
14,659
57.6
1,778
10.8
9,007

25,519
16,294
63.8
14,491
56.8
1,803
11.1
9,225

25,552
16,288
63.7
14,558
57.0
1,730
10.6
9,264

25,444
16,454
64.7
14,746
58.0
1,708
10.4
8,990

25,751
16,540
64.2
14,754
57.3
1,786
10.8
9,211

25,784
16,706
64.8
14,827
57.5
1,879
11.2
9,078

25,484
16,374
64.3
14,684
57.6
1,690
10.3
9,110

25,519
16,395
64.2
14,669
57.5
1,726
10.5
9,124

25,552
16,296
63.8
14,641
57.3
1,655
10.2
9,256

7,370
72.7
6,606
65.2
764
10.4

7,298
71.5
6,479
63.5
818
11.2

7,209
70.5
6,465
63.3
744
10.3

7,363
72.7
6,668
65.8
695
9.4

7,250
70.5
6,480
63.0
770
10.6

7,311
71.0
6,543
63.6
768
10.5

7,233
71.0
6,489
63.7
744
10.3

7,296
71.5
6,560
64.3
736
10.1

7,195
70.4
6,526
63.8
669
9.3

8,244
63.9
7,505
58.2
738
9.0

8,260
63.8
7,502
57.9
758
9.2

8,352
64.4
7,624
58.8
728
8.7

8,208
63.6
7,474
57.9
733
8.9

8,442
64.7
7,685
58.9
757
9.0

8,540
65.4
7,712
59.0
827
9.7

8,327
64.4
7,629
59.0
698
8.4

8,296
64.1
7,548
58.3
748
9.0

8,315
64.1
7,592
58.6
723
8.7

824
34.2
548
22.8
276
33.5

736
31.1
510
21.6
226
30.7

727
30.7
470
19.8
257
35.4

883
36.6
603
25.0
280
31.7

849
35.0
590
24.3
259
30.5

855
35.2
571
23.5
284
33.2

813
34.4
566
23.9
247
30.4

803
33.9
560
23.7
242
30.2

786
33.2
524
22.1
262
33.4

9,587
6,409
66.9
6,049
63.1
360
5.6
3,178

9,036
6,006
66.5
5,645
62.5
361
6.0
3,031

9,081
6,063
66.8
5,672
62.5
391
6.5
3,018

WHITE 2
Civilian noninstitutional population ...........................................
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate .................................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ..............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ............................................................
Not in labor force ....................................................................

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate .................................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ..............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ............................................................

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate .................................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ..............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ............................................................

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate .................................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ..............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ............................................................

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN 2
Civilian noninstitutional population ...........................................
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate .................................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ..............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ............................................................
Not in labor force ....................................................................

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate .................................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ..............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ............................................................

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate .................................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ..............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ............................................................

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate .................................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ..............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ............................................................

ASIAN 2
Civilian noninstutional population .............................................
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate .................................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ..............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ............................................................
Not in labor force ....................................................................

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
2 Beginning in 2003, persons who selected this race group only; persons who selected
more than one race group are not included. Prior to 2003, persons who reported more
than one race were included in the group they identified as the main race.

(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

3 Data not available.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1
because data are not presented for all races. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect
revised population controls used in the household survey.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)

Seasonally adjusted 1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age

Mar.
2002

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

25,655
17,739
69.1
16,312
63.6
1,427
8.0
7,916

27,095
18,638
68.8
17,083
63.0
1,555
8.3
8,456

27,191
18,665
68.6
17,123
63.0
1,542
8.3
8,527

25,655
17,697
69.0
16,405
63.9
1,292
7.3
7,959

26,355
18,169
68.9
16,755
63.6
1,414
7.8
8,186

26,436
18,134
68.6
16,708
63.2
1,425
7.9
8,303

26,994
18,614
69.0
17,155
63.5
1,459
7.8
8,380

27,095
18,658
68.9
17,223
63.6
1,436
7.7
8,436

27,191
18,614
68.5
17,215
63.3
1,399
7.5
8,577

9,801
83.3
9,084
77.2
717
7.3

10,629
84.6
9,854
78.4
775
7.3

10,625
84.2
9,868
78.2
757
7.1

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

6,805
59.8
6,320
55.5
486
7.1

7,068
58.9
6,491
54.0
577
8.2

7,120
59.1
6,501
53.9
619
8.7

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

1,133
45.2
908
36.3
225
19.8

941
37.4
738
29.3
203
21.6

920
36.5
754
29.9
166
18.0

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population ...........................................
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate .................................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ..............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ............................................................
Not in labor force ....................................................................

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate .................................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ..............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ............................................................

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate .................................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ..............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ............................................................

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force ..................................................................
Participation rate .................................................................
Employed ..............................................................................
Employment-population ratio ..............................................
Unemployed .........................................................................
Unemployment rate ............................................................

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
2 Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the household
survey.

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
(Numbers in thousands)

Not seasonally adjusted
Educational attainment

Seasonally adjusted

Mar.
2002

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

12,648
44.0
11,463
39.9
1,185
9.4

12,299
43.7
11,028
39.2
1,271
10.3

12,874
45.0
11,608
40.6
1,266
9.8

12,672
44.1
11,650
40.5
1,023
8.1

12,541
44.9
11,417
40.9
1,124
9.0

12,607
44.6
11,470
40.6
1,136
9.0

12,542
43.7
11,471
40.0
1,071
8.5

12,638
44.9
11,522
40.9
1,116
8.8

12,896
45.1
11,802
41.3
1,094
8.5

37,739
64.4
35,522
60.6
2,217
5.9

37,886
63.8
35,525
59.8
2,361
6.2

37,911
64.0
35,625
60.1
2,287
6.0

37,430
63.9
35,426
60.4
2,004
5.4

37,967
63.5
35,963
60.2
2,004
5.3

37,797
63.6
35,775
60.2
2,021
5.3

37,856
63.5
35,923
60.2
1,933
5.1

37,816
63.7
35,779
60.2
2,037
5.4

37,632
63.5
35,569
60.0
2,063
5.5

33,534
73.4
32,019
70.1
1,515
4.5

34,519
73.6
32,799
70.0
1,719
5.0

34,103
73.5
32,399
69.8
1,703
5.0

33,405
73.1
31,964
70.0
1,441
4.3

33,890
72.7
32,260
69.2
1,630
4.8

33,831
72.4
32,154
68.8
1,677
5.0

34,186
73.3
32,556
69.8
1,630
4.8

34,335
73.2
32,730
69.8
1,605
4.7

34,008
73.3
32,382
69.8
1,626
4.8

38,499
79.4
37,462
77.2
1,037
2.7

39,370
78.8
38,201
76.5
1,169
3.0

39,603
78.7
38,443
76.4
1,160
2.9

38,420
79.2
37,336
77.0
1,084
2.8

38,476
79.0
37,344
76.6
1,132
2.9

38,652
79.2
37,530
76.9
1,121
2.9

38,778
78.8
37,626
76.4
1,152
3.0

39,046
78.2
37,892
75.9
1,154
3.0

39,507
78.5
38,292
76.1
1,215
3.1

Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force ....................................................................
Participation rate ...................................................................
Employed ................................................................................
Employment-population ratio ................................................
Unemployed ...........................................................................
Unemployment rate ..............................................................

High school graduates, no college 1
Civilian labor force ....................................................................
Participation rate ...................................................................
Employed ................................................................................
Employment-population ratio ................................................
Unemployed ...........................................................................
Unemployment rate ..............................................................

Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force ....................................................................
Participation rate ...................................................................
Employed ................................................................................
Employment-population ratio ................................................
Unemployed ...........................................................................
Unemployment rate ..............................................................

Bachelor's degree and higher 2
Civilian labor force ....................................................................
Participation rate ...................................................................
Employed ................................................................................
Employment-population ratio ................................................
Unemployed ...........................................................................
Unemployment rate ..............................................................
1
2

Includes high school diploma or equivalent.
Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the
household survey.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
(In thousands)

Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Category
Mar.
2002

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries .............................................
Wage and salary workers .......................................................
Self-employed workers ...........................................................
Unpaid family workers ............................................................

2,212
1,154
1,036
22

1,983
1,038
924
21

2,108
1,149
928
30

2,342
1,277
1,033
(1)

2,314
1,219
1,060
(1)

2,342
1,260
1,038
(1)

2,314
1,195
1,071
(1)

2,178
1,174
953
(1)

2,227
1,271
923
(1)

Nonagricultural industries .........................................................
Wage and salary workers .......................................................
Government ..........................................................................
Private industries ..................................................................
Private households .............................................................
Other industries ..................................................................
Self-employed workers ...........................................................
Unpaid family workers ............................................................

133,345
124,749
19,697
105,052
727
104,325
8,493
103

134,451
125,402
19,850
105,552
639
104,913
8,959
90

134,676
125,588
19,573
106,015
676
105,339
8,985
102

133,760
125,036
19,449
105,609
(1)
104,887
8,673
(1)

134,206
124,786
19,647
105,148
(1)
104,365
9,276
(1)

134,080
124,735
19,551
105,348
(1)
104,673
9,250
(1)

135,142
125,768
19,868
105,907
(1)
105,192
9,444
(1)

135,317
126,006
19,418
106,437
(1)
105,773
9,258
(1)

135,104
125,886
19,318
106,583
(1)
105,910
9,181
(1)

All industries:
Part time for economic reasons ..............................................
Slack work or business conditions ........................................
Could only find part-time work ..............................................
Part time for noneconomic reasons ........................................

4,225
2,878
1,091
19,384

5,061
3,396
1,328
19,360

4,784
3,263
1,203
19,555

4,132
2,744
1,075
18,711

4,329
2,855
1,159
18,727

4,273
2,893
1,110
18,555

4,643
3,027
1,297
19,314

4,807
3,152
1,275
18,421

4,696
3,123
1,192
18,888

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons ..............................................
Slack work or business conditions ........................................
Could only find part-time work ..............................................
Part time for noneconomic reasons ........................................

4,146
2,829
1,083
19,007

4,931
3,317
1,309
19,032

4,672
3,199
1,200
19,158

4,050
2,686
1,059
18,359

4,272
2,816
1,158
18,361

4,219
2,854
1,097
18,197

4,496
2,947
1,267
18,984

4,675
3,062
1,257
18,134

4,587
3,048
1,178
18,529

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2

1
2

Data not available.
Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during
the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part
time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked
only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and
bad weather.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily
add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.
Industries reflect the introduction of the 2002 Census industry classification system
derived from the 2002 North American Industry Classification System into the Current
Population Survey. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Selected employment indicators
(In thousands)

Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Characteristic
Mar.
2002

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

Total, 16 years and over ...........................................................
16 to 19 years .........................................................................
16 to 17 years .......................................................................
18 to 19 years .......................................................................
20 years and over ...................................................................
20 to 24 years .......................................................................
25 years and over .................................................................
25 to 54 years .....................................................................
25 to 34 years ...................................................................
35 to 44 years ...................................................................
45 to 54 years ...................................................................
55 years and over ...............................................................

135,558
6,108
2,196
3,912
129,449
12,983
116,467
96,939
30,251
35,457
31,230
19,528

136,433
5,637
2,103
3,533
130,796
13,243
117,553
96,644
30,317
34,769
31,558
20,909

136,783
5,512
2,053
3,459
131,272
13,197
118,075
97,030
30,314
34,952
31,764
21,044

136,143
6,464
2,451
4,016
129,679
13,230
116,384
96,966
30,361
35,429
31,176
19,419

136,542
6,228
2,256
3,960
130,314
13,387
116,856
96,356
29,961
34,973
31,422
20,499

136,439
6,164
2,258
3,921
130,275
13,372
116,892
96,491
30,139
34,942
31,411
20,400

137,536
6,125
2,446
3,694
131,410
13,568
117,876
96,957
30,369
35,125
31,463
20,918

137,408
6,042
2,352
3,722
131,365
13,510
117,932
96,942
30,563
34,803
31,577
20,990

137,348
5,829
2,292
3,550
131,519
13,458
117,984
97,042
30,420
34,910
31,712
20,942

Men, 16 years and over ............................................................
16 to 19 years .........................................................................
16 to 17 years .......................................................................
18 to 19 years .......................................................................
20 years and over ...................................................................
20 to 24 years .......................................................................
25 years and over .................................................................
25 to 54 years .....................................................................
25 to 34 years ...................................................................
35 to 44 years ...................................................................
45 to 54 years ...................................................................
55 years and over ...............................................................

71,956
3,027
1,022
2,005
68,929
6,689
62,240
51,701
16,407
18,944
16,350
10,539

72,237
2,719
1,016
1,702
69,518
7,003
62,515
51,411
16,489
18,584
16,338
11,104

72,304
2,625
944
1,681
69,679
6,970
62,709
51,548
16,474
18,627
16,447
11,161

72,719
3,202
1,144
2,053
69,517
6,912
62,574
52,039
16,599
19,042
16,399
10,534

72,773
3,156
1,113
2,040
69,617
7,014
62,562
51,569
16,384
18,748
16,437
10,993

72,690
3,091
1,102
1,986
69,600
7,024
62,579
51,566
16,445
18,749
16,371
11,013

72,994
3,027
1,203
1,838
69,967
7,183
62,814
51,687
16,528
18,824
16,334
11,127

73,249
2,956
1,157
1,820
70,293
7,215
63,151
51,925
16,730
18,729
16,466
11,227

73,064
2,772
1,056
1,718
70,293
7,206
63,050
51,885
16,669
18,719
16,498
11,165

Women, 16 years and over ......................................................
16 to 19 years .........................................................................
16 to 17 years .......................................................................
18 to 19 years .......................................................................
20 years and over ...................................................................
20 to 24 years .......................................................................
25 years and over .................................................................
25 to 54 years .....................................................................
25 to 34 years ...................................................................
35 to 44 years ...................................................................
45 to 54 years ...................................................................
55 years and over ...............................................................

63,601
3,081
1,174
1,907
60,520
6,294
54,227
45,238
13,844
16,514
14,880
8,989

64,196
2,918
1,087
1,831
61,278
6,240
55,038
45,233
13,828
16,185
15,220
9,805

64,479
2,887
1,109
1,778
61,592
6,226
55,366
45,482
13,840
16,325
15,318
9,884

63,423
3,262
1,307
1,963
60,161
6,318
53,811
44,926
13,762
16,388
14,777
8,885

63,769
3,072
1,143
1,921
60,697
6,373
54,293
44,787
13,577
16,225
14,985
9,506

63,749
3,073
1,156
1,935
60,676
6,348
54,313
44,926
13,693
16,193
15,039
9,387

64,542
3,098
1,243
1,856
61,443
6,385
55,062
45,270
13,841
16,301
15,129
9,792

64,159
3,086
1,195
1,902
61,073
6,295
54,781
45,018
13,834
16,073
15,111
9,763

64,284
3,057
1,236
1,833
61,227
6,252
54,934
45,157
13,752
16,191
15,214
9,777

Married men, spouse present ...................................................
Married women, spouse present ..............................................
Women who maintain families ..................................................

43,913
34,365
8,381

44,199
34,782
8,461

44,146
34,891
8,511

44,190
34,074
(1)

44,093
34,264
(1)

44,005
34,189
(1)

44,401
34,525
(1)

44,587
34,620
(1)

44,415
34,569
(1)

Full-time workers 2 ...................................................................
Part-time workers 3 ...................................................................

111,275
24,283

111,856
24,577

111,936
24,847

112,586
23,510

112,828
23,765

112,856
23,629

112,823
24,400

113,442
23,830

113,157
24,068

1
2

Data not available.
Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per
week.
3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per
week.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily
add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.
Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the household
survey.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)

Unemployment rates 1

Mar.
2002

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

Total, 16 years and over ...........................................................
16 to 19 years .........................................................................
16 to 17 years .......................................................................
18 to 19 years .......................................................................
20 years and over ...................................................................
20 to 24 years .......................................................................
25 years and over .................................................................
25 to 54 years .....................................................................
25 to 34 years ...................................................................
35 to 44 years ...................................................................
45 to 54 years ...................................................................
55 years and over ...............................................................

8,224
1,282
541
717
6,942
1,481
5,460
4,758
1,845
1,643
1,269
703

8,450
1,251
514
702
7,199
1,390
5,828
5,011
1,809
1,905
1,296
822

8,445
1,251
460
761
7,194
1,310
5,876
5,061
1,844
1,747
1,469
821

5.7
16.6
18.1
15.2
5.1
10.1
4.5
4.7
5.7
4.4
3.9
3.5

5.9
16.8
19.4
15.3
5.4
9.8
4.8
5.1
6.2
4.9
4.1
3.7

6.0
16.4
17.6
15.5
5.4
9.7
4.8
5.0
6.2
4.8
4.1
4.2

5.7
16.8
18.3
15.9
5.1
9.3
4.6
4.7
5.9
4.5
3.8
4.1

5.8
17.1
17.9
15.9
5.2
9.3
4.7
4.9
5.6
5.2
3.9
3.8

5.8
17.7
16.7
17.7
5.2
8.9
4.7
5.0
5.7
4.8
4.4
3.8

Men, 16 years and over ............................................................
16 to 19 years .........................................................................
16 to 17 years .......................................................................
18 to 19 years .......................................................................
20 years and over ...................................................................
20 to 24 years .......................................................................
25 years and over .................................................................
25 to 54 years .....................................................................
25 to 34 years ...................................................................
35 to 44 years ...................................................................
45 to 54 years ...................................................................
55 years and over ...............................................................

4,521
731
303
409
3,789
842
2,947
2,557
1,005
853
699
390

4,678
716
273
436
3,962
731
3,238
2,749
969
997
784
488

4,674
730
232
471
3,944
685
3,250
2,754
987
953
814
496

5.9
18.6
20.9
16.6
5.2
10.9
4.5
4.7
5.7
4.3
4.1
3.6

6.2
18.0
21.2
16.1
5.6
10.2
5.1
5.3
6.3
5.1
4.4
4.0

6.2
17.5
18.5
16.7
5.6
10.2
5.0
5.2
6.1
4.8
4.6
4.4

6.0
18.2
19.3
17.6
5.4
9.7
4.9
5.0
6.2
4.7
4.2
4.4

6.0
19.5
19.1
19.3
5.3
9.2
4.9
5.0
5.5
5.1
4.5
4.2

6.0
20.8
18.0
21.5
5.3
8.7
4.9
5.0
5.6
4.8
4.7
4.3

Women, 16 years and over ......................................................
16 to 19 years .........................................................................
16 to 17 years .......................................................................
18 to 19 years .......................................................................
20 years and over ...................................................................
20 to 24 years .......................................................................
25 years and over .................................................................
25 to 54 years .....................................................................
25 to 34 years ...................................................................
35 to 44 years ...................................................................
45 to 54 years ...................................................................
55 years and over 2 ............................................................

3,704
551
238
309
3,153
639
2,513
2,201
840
790
571
333

3,772
534
241
266
3,237
658
2,590
2,261
840
908
513
337

3,771
521
227
291
3,250
625
2,627
2,307
857
794
655
339

5.5
14.4
15.4
13.6
5.0
9.2
4.5
4.7
5.8
4.6
3.7
3.6

5.6
15.6
17.4
14.4
5.0
9.4
4.5
4.8
5.9
4.7
3.9
3.2

5.8
15.2
16.6
14.2
5.2
9.3
4.6
4.8
6.3
4.8
3.6
3.8

5.3
15.5
17.3
14.1
4.7
8.8
4.2
4.4
5.7
4.3
3.4
4.1

5.6
14.8
16.8
12.3
5.0
9.5
4.5
4.8
5.7
5.3
3.3
3.3

5.5
14.6
15.5
13.7
5.0
9.1
4.6
4.9
5.9
4.7
4.1
3.3

Married men, spouse present ...................................................
Married women, spouse present ..............................................
Women who maintain families 2 ...............................................

1,584
1,312
721

1,667
1,282
837

1,734
1,320
782

3.5
3.7
7.9

3.6
3.8
8.0

3.7
3.8
7.9

3.5
3.3
8.0

3.6
3.6
9.0

3.8
3.7
8.4

Full-time workers 3 ...................................................................
Part-time workers 4 ...................................................................

6,929
1,298

7,075
1,396

7,068
1,392

5.8
5.2

6.1
5.1

6.1
5.3

5.8
5.4

5.9
5.5

5.9
5.5

1
2
3

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Not seasonally adjusted.
Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full
time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work

part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2003, data
reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)

Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Reason
Mar.
2002

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

4,861
1,337
3,524
2,706
818
913
2,520
481

5,487
1,543
3,944
2,950
994
792
2,499
482

5,150
1,402
3,749
2,837
912
828
2,478
561

4,339
1,102
3,237
(1)
(1)
876
2,438
539

4,833
1,069
3,764
(1)
(1)
834
2,394
586

4,863
1,110
3,753
(1)
(1)
862
2,462
534

4,583
1,080
3,503
(1)
(1)
825
2,331
616

4,756
1,142
3,614
(1)
(1)
772
2,395
579

4,613
1,157
3,456
(1)
(1)
794
2,391
626

100.0
55.4
15.2
40.2
10.4
28.7
5.5

100.0
59.3
16.7
42.6
8.6
27.0
5.2

100.0
57.1
15.5
41.6
9.2
27.5
6.2

100.0
53.0
13.5
39.5
10.7
29.8
6.6

100.0
55.9
12.4
43.5
9.6
27.7
6.8

100.0
55.8
12.7
43.0
9.9
28.2
6.1

100.0
54.9
12.9
41.9
9.9
27.9
7.4

100.0
55.9
13.4
42.5
9.1
28.2
6.8

100.0
54.8
13.7
41.0
9.4
28.4
7.4

3.4
.6
1.7
.3

3.8
.5
1.7
.3

3.5
.6
1.7
.4

3.0
.6
1.7
.4

3.3
.6
1.6
.4

3.4
.6
1.7
.4

3.1
.6
1.6
.4

3.3
.5
1.6
.4

3.2
.5
1.6
.4

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ..........
On temporary layoff ................................................................
Not on temporary layoff ..........................................................
Permanent job losers ............................................................
Persons who completed temporary jobs ..............................
Job leavers ...............................................................................
Reentrants ................................................................................
New entrants ............................................................................

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed .....................................................................
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .........
On temporary layoff ...............................................................
Not on temporary layoff .........................................................
Job leavers ..............................................................................
Reentrants ...............................................................................
New entrants ...........................................................................

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .........
Job leavers ..............................................................................
Reentrants ...............................................................................
New entrants ...........................................................................

1 Data not available.
NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)

Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Duration
Mar.
2002

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

Less than 5 weeks ....................................................................
5 to 14 weeks ...........................................................................
15 weeks and over ...................................................................
15 to 26 weeks ......................................................................
27 weeks and over ................................................................

2,831
2,843
3,102
1,710
1,392

2,679
3,132
3,450
1,507
1,943

2,595
2,825
3,598
1,703
1,896

3,041
2,489
2,685
1,366
1,319

2,912
2,532
3,143
1,317
1,826

2,860
2,547
3,296
1,392
1,904

2,772
2,577
3,140
1,457
1,683

2,749
2,565
3,155
1,281
1,874

2,780
2,473
3,104
1,316
1,788

Average (mean) duration, in weeks ..........................................
Median duration, in weeks ........................................................

16.2
9.7

18.6
10.2

18.9
11.2

15.4
8.3

17.9
9.4

18.4
9.6

18.4
9.8

18.6
9.4

18.0
9.6

100.0
32.3
32.4
35.3
19.5
15.9

100.0
28.9
33.8
37.3
16.3
21.0

100.0
28.8
31.3
39.9
18.9
21.0

100.0
37.0
30.3
32.7
16.6
16.1

100.0
33.9
29.5
36.6
15.3
21.3

100.0
32.9
29.3
37.9
16.0
21.9

100.0
32.6
30.4
37.0
17.2
19.8

100.0
32.5
30.3
37.3
15.1
22.1

100.0
33.3
29.6
37.1
15.7
21.4

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed .....................................................................
Less than 5 weeks ..................................................................
5 to 14 weeks .........................................................................
15 weeks and over .................................................................
15 to 26 weeks .....................................................................
27 weeks and over ...............................................................

NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)

Employed

Unemployment
rates

Unemployed

Occupation

Total, 16 years and over 1 ..........................................................................
Management, professional, and related occupations ...............................
Management, business, and financial operations occupations ............
Professional and related occupations ........................................................
Service occupations ..........................................................................................
Sales and office occupations ..........................................................................
Sales and related occupations .....................................................................
Office and administrative support occupations ........................................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations ...........
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ...............................................
Construction and extraction occupations ...................................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ..................................
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations ................
Production occupations ..................................................................................
Transportation and material moving occupations ....................................

Mar.
2002

Mar.
2003

135,558
47,493
20,056
27,438
21,273
35,031
15,453
19,578
13,001
943
7,582
4,476
18,760
10,388
8,372

136,783
48,383
20,263
28,120
21,719
35,397
15,811
19,586
13,419
959
7,472
4,988
17,865
9,556
8,310

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed
Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Occupations reflect the introduction of the 2002 Census occupational classification

Mar.
2002

Mar.
2003

Mar.
2002

8,776
1,388
570
818
1,530
2,192
1,052
1,140
1,449
283
926
240
1,715
922
792

9,018
1,458
643
815
1,850
2,000
961
1,039
1,441
155
988
298
1,675
852
824

Mar.
2003

6.1
2.8
2.8
2.9
6.7
5.9
6.4
5.5
10.0
23.1
10.9
5.1
8.4
8.2
8.6

6.2
2.9
3.1
2.8
7.9
5.3
5.7
5.0
9.7
13.9
11.7
5.6
8.6
8.2
9.0

system derived from the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification system into the Current
Population Survey. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used
in the household survey.

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry, not seasonally adjusted

Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)

Industry

Total, 16 years and over 1 .......................................................................
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers ......................................
Mining .................................................................................................................
Construction ......................................................................................................
Manufacturing ...................................................................................................
Durable goods ................................................................................................
Nondurable goods .........................................................................................
Wholesale and retail trade ............................................................................
Transportation and utilities ............................................................................
Information ........................................................................................................
Financial activities ...........................................................................................
Professional and business services ............................................................
Education and health services .....................................................................
Leisure and hospitality ...................................................................................
Other services ..................................................................................................
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers ........................
Government workers .........................................................................................
Self employed and unpaid family workers ...................................................
1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Industries reflect the introduction of the 2002 Census industry classification system
derived from the 2002 North American Industry Classification System into the Current

Unemployment
rates

Mar.
2002

Mar.
2003

8,776
7,331
28
1,009
1,367
872
495
1,269
313
266
287
964
540
976
314
269
477
217

9,018
7,490
46
987
1,222
743
479
1,179
319
267
357
1,190
518
1,035
370
161
526
279

Mar.
2002

6.1
6.5
5.3
11.8
7.3
7.4
7.1
6.6
5.6
7.2
3.2
7.5
3.2
8.5
5.5
19.6
2.4
2.2

Mar.
2003

6.2
6.6
8.2
11.8
6.8
6.7
7.0
5.9
5.9
7.4
4.0
9.1
2.9
8.9
6.1
12.9
2.6
2.7

Population Survey. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used
in the household survey.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
(Percent)

Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Measure
Mar.
2002

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003

Mar.
2003

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force ..............

2.1

2.4

2.5

1.9

2.2

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.1

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor
force ......................................................................................................................................

3.4

3.8

3.5

3.0

3.3

3.4

3.1

3.3

3.2

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment
rate) ......................................................................................................................................

6.1

6.4

6.2

5.7

5.9

6.0

5.7

5.8

5.8

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus
discouraged workers ............................................................................................................

6.3

6.6

6.5

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally
attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally
attached workers .................................................................................................................

7.0

7.4

7.2

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed
part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus
all marginally attached workers ...........................................................................................

9.8

10.8

10.4

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

1

part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but
have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For further information, see "BLS introduces new
range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly
Labor Review. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the
household survey.

Data not available.
NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor
looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for
work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached,
have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job. Persons employed

Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)

Total

Men

Women

Category
Mar.
2002

Mar.
2003

Mar.
2002

Mar.
2003

Mar.
2002

Mar.
2003

72,490
4,426
1,358

74,516
4,763
1,577

27,189
2,046
681

28,473
2,224
831

45,301
2,380
677

46,043
2,539
745

330
1,028

474
1,103

220
461

313
518

110
567

160
585

Total multiple jobholders 4 ............................................................................
Percent of total employed .........................................................................

7,466
5.5

7,385
5.4

3,852
5.4

3,771
5.2

3,614
5.7

3,613
5.6

Primary job full time, secondary job part time ...........................................
Primary and secondary jobs both part time ..............................................
Primary and secondary jobs both full time ................................................
Hours vary on primary or secondary job ...................................................

4,188
1,645
243
1,356

3,954
1,691
321
1,379

2,372
540
166
766

2,214
523
207
798

1,817
1,105
77
590

1,740
1,168
114
581

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force ............................................................................
Persons who currently want a job ...............................................................
Searched for work and available to work now 1 .....................................
Reason not currently looking:
Discouragement over job prospects 2 .........................................
Reasons other than discouragement 3 ........................................

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and
were available to take a job during the reference week.
2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training,
employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such
reasons as child-care and transportation problems, as well as a small number for which

reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their
secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the
household survey.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Mar.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003p

Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2003p

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003p

Mar.
2003p

Total .................................................. 129,875 128,804 129,078 129,574 130,701 130,817 130,670 130,873 130,516 130,408
Total private ............................................ 108,266 107,524 107,386 107,800 109,505 109,453 109,311 109,506 109,136 109,068
Goods-producing ..................................................

23,518

23,013

22,888

22,977

23,975

23,631

23,551

23,563

23,462

23,448

Mining ...............................................................
Metal mining .................................................
Coal mining ...................................................
Oil and gas extraction ...................................
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels ...............

550
31.8
80.7
331.0
106.5

540
31.4
78.0
331.5
98.6

538
31.0
77.9
331.1
98.0

543
31.5
78.2
333.9
99.5

560
32
81
336
111

551
32
78
332
109

553
32
78
335
108

552
32
78
335
107

552
32
78
336
106

553
32
78
339
104

Construction .....................................................
General building contractors .........................
Heavy construction, except building .............
Special trade contractors ..............................

6,206
1,397.7
810.8
3,997.3

6,125
1,405.1
770.7
3,949.2

6,063
1,392.3
763.2
3,907.7

6,169
1,405.7
781.3
3,982.0

6,593
1,462
908
4,223

6,543
1,480
885
4,178

6,544
1,476
880
4,188

6,564
1,471
897
4,196

6,522
1,463
881
4,178

6,543
1,469
875
4,199

Manufacturing ...................................................
Production workers ...................................

16,762
11,225

16,348
10,945

16,287
10,901

16,265
10,884

16,822
11,264

16,537
11,088

16,454
11,030

16,447
11,045

16,388
10,985

16,352
10,949

Durable goods ................................................
Production workers ...................................
Lumber and wood products ..........................
Furniture and fixtures ....................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ....................
Primary metal industries ...............................
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ...
Fabricated metal products ............................
Industrial machinery and equipment .............
Computer and office equipment ...............
Electronic and other electrical equipment .....
Electronic components and accessories ..
Transportation equipment .............................
Motor vehicles and equipment ..................
Aircraft and parts ......................................
Instruments and related products .................
Miscellaneous manufacturing .......................

9,958
6,614
753.7
493.3
541.1
597.1
186.8
1,419.7
1,851.3
314.2
1,449.5
570.2
1,672.8
915.2
417.2
810.6
368.9

9,633
6,397
746.1
475.1
535.6
579.0
184.3
1,383.1
1,768.5
286.8
1,356.8
528.3
1,633.1
899.7
388.5
790.9
364.8

9,584
6,359
743.7
473.2
536.5
574.1
182.6
1,370.3
1,756.8
282.4
1,343.6
523.3
1,634.3
903.0
385.9
786.2
364.9

9,567
6,350
738.8
473.2
539.0
573.2
181.5
1,370.0
1,752.4
281.6
1,339.4
519.8
1,632.8
904.1
383.8
784.4
364.2

9,976
6,625
769
491
550
596
(1)
1,422
1,846
315
1,445
566
1,674
915
419
813
370

9,757
6,487
761
486
556
582
(1)
1,400
1,790
293
1,368
536
1,648
909
392
792
374

9,699
6,445
758
480
553
579
(1)
1,391
1,781
291
1,360
532
1,638
900
392
790
369

9,689
6,456
760
479
556
581
(1)
1,387
1,770
287
1,355
528
1,640
911
389
792
369

9,637
6,401
758
475
554
576
(1)
1,374
1,757
283
1,343
523
1,645
905
388
788
367

9,608
6,378
754
473
550
576
(1)
1,375
1,749
282
1,339
519
1,639
905
386
787
366

Nondurable goods ..........................................
Production workers ...................................
Food and kindred products ...........................
Tobacco products .........................................
Textile mill products ......................................
Apparel and other textile products ................
Paper and allied products .............................
Printing and publishing .................................
Chemicals and allied products ......................
Petroleum and coal products ........................
Rubber and misc. plastics products ..............
Leather and leather products ........................

6,804
4,611
1,655.3
32.9
438.0
527.9
617.1
1,416.9
1,009.2
123.0
927.3
56.2

6,715
4,548
1,673.3
35.4
418.4
497.7
605.2
1,394.5
1,001.8
120.5
915.4
52.9

6,703
4,542
1,665.0
33.7
416.1
499.0
601.8
1,395.1
1,003.4
121.3
916.0
51.4

6,698
4,534
1,661.2
32.7
413.2
501.8
600.3
1,396.6
1,001.8
122.1
916.6
51.8

6,846
4,639
1,685
34
440
527
620
1,419
1,010
126
929
56

6,780
4,601
1,687
36
422
509
613
1,400
1,007
126
925
55

6,755
4,585
1,689
36
422
507
607
1,393
1,007
125
916
53

6,758
4,589
1,695
34
420
504
606
1,395
1,006
125
919
54

6,751
4,584
1,694
34
419
504
604
1,397
1,005
125
918
51

6,744
4,571
1,693
34
415
502
602
1,400
1,003
125
918
52

Service-producing ................................................. 106,357 105,791 106,190 106,597 106,726 107,186 107,119 107,310 107,054 106,960
Transportation and public utilities .....................
Transportation ..............................................
Railroad transportation .............................
Local and interurban passenger transit ....
Trucking and warehousing .......................
Water transportation .................................
Transportation by air .................................
Pipelines, except natural gas ....................
Transportation services ............................
Communications and public utilities .............
Communications .......................................
Electric, gas, and sanitary services ..........

6,767
4,292
231.8
491.3
1,791.2
177.0
1,159.9
14.9
426.0
2,475
1,638.9
835.9

6,626
4,242
222.3
474.6
1,787.1
177.8
1,149.8
15.4
415.4
2,384
1,552.8
831.0

6,583
4,215
222.8
476.6
1,773.8
177.8
1,134.1
15.7
414.1
2,368
1,542.4
825.9

6,586
4,215
223.2
477.0
1,780.1
177.1
1,127.9
15.6
413.7
2,371
1,542.0
828.9

6,814
4,330
233
478
1,819
186
1,172
15
427
2,484
1,643
841

6,721
4,300
225
467
1,829
192
1,151
15
421
2,421
1,583
838

6,686
4,273
225
466
1,827
191
1,127
15
422
2,413
1,576
837

6,694
4,301
224
465
1,825
191
1,158
15
423
2,393
1,559
834

6,653
4,275
224
466
1,811
190
1,150
16
418
2,378
1,547
831

6,640
4,261
224
463
1,812
187
1,144
16
415
2,379
1,546
833

Wholesale trade ................................................
Durable goods ..............................................
Nondurable goods ........................................

6,646
3,897
2,749

6,589
3,855
2,734

6,587
3,849
2,738

6,602
3,852
2,750

6,681
3,912
2,769

6,643
3,885
2,758

6,637
3,880
2,757

6,639
3,876
2,763

6,640
3,873
2,767

6,640
3,871
2,769

See footnotes at end of table.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry-Continued
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Seasonally adjusted

Mar.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003p

Mar.
2003p

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003p

Mar.
2003p

Retail trade .......................................................
Building materials and garden supplies ........
General merchandise stores ........................
Department stores ....................................
Food stores ...................................................
Automotive dealers and service stations ......
New and used car dealers ........................
Apparel and accessory stores ......................
Furniture and home furnishings stores .........
Eating and drinking places ...........................
Miscellaneous retail establishments .............

22,897
1,019.0
2,804.6
2,475.2
3,350.3
2,404.3
1,126.6
1,137.8
1,135.6
8,020.7
3,025.1

22,839
1,021.4
2,829.3
2,487.8
3,362.6
2,388.7
1,112.4
1,173.0
1,176.3
7,799.1
3,088.1

22,610
1,015.3
2,764.2
2,428.0
3,331.1
2,384.2
1,112.1
1,116.2
1,150.8
7,800.4
3,047.3

22,675
1,038.6
2,767.8
2,432.0
3,315.2
2,390.7
1,112.6
1,121.2
1,142.2
7,876.5
3,023.1

23,332
1,053
2,901
2,560
3,392
2,426
1,131
1,175
1,143
8,154
3,088

23,247
1,078
2,828
2,491
3,382
2,430
1,128
1,172
1,165
8,129
3,063

23,152
1,077
2,821
2,488
3,365
2,420
1,123
1,174
1,175
8,063
3,057

23,271
1,083
2,831
2,498
3,370
2,416
1,118
1,174
1,166
8,146
3,085

23,154
1,077
2,860
2,525
3,363
2,413
1,117
1,156
1,153
8,048
3,084

23,111
1,074
2,858
2,512
3,362
2,413
1,116
1,158
1,150
8,010
3,086

Finance, insurance, and real estate .................
Finance .........................................................
Depository institutions ..............................
Commercial banks ................................
Savings institutions ...............................
Nondepository institutions ........................
Mortgage bankers and brokers .............
Security and commodity brokers ..............
Holding and other investment offices .......
Insurance ......................................................
Insurance carriers .....................................
Insurance agents, brokers, and service ....
Real estate ...................................................

7,700
3,802
2,070.0
1,442.5
264.2
753.2
356.0
718.4
260.6
2,373
1,589.3
783.8
1,525

7,777
3,865
2,083.3
1,452.8
261.5
817.8
413.8
706.5
257.7
2,372
1,579.3
792.7
1,540

7,785
3,870
2,079.2
1,448.7
261.6
825.7
421.7
706.0
258.9
2,375
1,581.4
794.0
1,540

7,803
3,877
2,084.3
1,451.1
262.7
827.1
425.0
704.2
261.8
2,379
1,585.3
794.1
1,547

7,740
3,809
2,074
1,447
264
753
357
722
260
2,375
1,591
784
1,556

7,807
3,854
2,082
1,451
261
801
400
709
262
2,373
1,578
795
1,580

7,816
3,861
2,079
1,449
261
809
408
709
264
2,375
1,578
797
1,580

7,817
3,869
2,083
1,453
260
816
415
711
259
2,378
1,582
796
1,570

7,826
3,875
2,083
1,452
262
823
423
711
258
2,379
1,584
795
1,572

7,838
3,883
2,087
1,455
262
826
426
708
262
2,379
1,585
794
1,576

Services2 .......................................................... 40,738 40,680 40,933 41,157
Agricultural services .....................................
783.0
760.4
755.5
779.2
Hotels and other lodging places ................... 1,740.3 1,696.3 1,702.1 1,714.8
Personal services ......................................... 1,357.1 1,331.3 1,348.7 1,342.9
Business services ......................................... 9,120.3 9,077.2 9,068.0 9,120.0
Services to buildings ................................. 1,012.1 1,029.0 1,025.4 1,032.7
Personnel supply services ........................ 3,012.9 2,976.0 2,976.1 3,018.3
Help supply services ............................. 2,705.9 2,675.0 2,677.6 2,714.5
Computer and data processing services .. 2,205.0 2,187.1 2,184.4 2,175.6
Auto repair, services, and parking ................ 1,258.5 1,263.1 1,260.0 1,267.6
Miscellaneous repair services ......................
374.3
374.1
370.7
368.6
Motion pictures .............................................
572.9
578.8
578.6
577.0
Amusement and recreation services ............ 1,488.2 1,433.9 1,436.9 1,464.5
Health services ............................................. 10,588.4 10,778.2 10,780.4 10,813.2
Offices and clinics of medical doctors ...... 2,041.5 2,085.4 2,085.6 2,089.9
Nursing and personal care facilities .......... 1,876.5 1,900.2 1,896.5 1,900.0
Hospitals ................................................... 4,189.4 4,272.8 4,281.2 4,292.6
Home health care services .......................
642.5
655.9
655.1
664.0
Legal services ............................................... 1,049.9 1,081.7 1,083.5 1,085.1
Educational services ..................................... 2,639.8 2,526.5 2,719.7 2,744.4
Social services .............................................. 3,172.4 3,207.7 3,220.8 3,241.5
Child day care services ............................
740.6
738.6
740.6
748.1
Residential care ........................................
897.7
908.8
911.5
917.1
Museums and botanical and zoological
gardens .....................................................
102.5
97.9
97.1
99.1
Membership organizations ........................... 2,460.1 2,440.5 2,453.3 2,463.2
Engineering and management services ....... 3,640.2 3,643.9 3,670.0 3,688.6
Engineering and architectural services ..... 1,032.9 1,012.8 1,007.9 1,006.8
Management and public relations ............. 1,187.1 1,223.9 1,225.6 1,234.1
Services, nec ................................................
46.3
44.2
44.1
43.9

40,963
872
1,811
1,289
9,237
1,021
3,107
2,795
2,198
1,260
377
572
1,635
10,602
2,046
1,879
4,193
643
1,056
2,489
3,162
723
902

41,404
880
1,792
1,283
9,309
1,045
3,152
2,838
2,195
1,263
378
590
1,630
10,777
2,088
1,905
4,267
656
1,079
2,574
3,208
728
912

41,469
880
1,807
1,292
9,311
1,044
3,175
2,866
2,187
1,268
376
583
1,653
10,787
2,092
1,904
4,269
657
1,081
2,582
3,209
725
915

41,522
882
1,811
1,281
9,292
1,044
3,173
2,871
2,183
1,274
378
581
1,659
10,805
2,089
1,905
4,278
658
1,087
2,611
3,222
730
912

41,401
879
1,795
1,275
9,264
1,039
3,159
2,871
2,181
1,263
374
582
1,635
10,805
2,091
1,902
4,287
659
1,091
2,577
3,217
728
915

41,391
864
1,783
1,273
9,255
1,042
3,134
2,823
2,171
1,269
371
578
1,614
10,827
2,095
1,902
4,296
664
1,092
2,589
3,228
731
919

109
2,470
3,631
1,044
1,191
(1)

107
2,478
3,667
1,028
1,228
(1)

106
2,476
3,669
1,028
1,232
(1)

107
2,475
3,668
1,022
1,235
(1)

107
2,474
3,674
1,021
1,234
(1)

105
2,475
3,679
1,017
1,239
(1)

Government ......................................................
Federal .........................................................
Federal, except Postal Service .................
State .............................................................
Education ..................................................
Other State government ...........................
Local .............................................................
Education ..................................................
Other local government ............................

21,196
2,611
1,782
4,940
2,133
2,807
13,645
7,767
5,878

21,364
2,661
1,853
4,961
2,165
2,796
13,742
7,820
5,922

21,359
2,664
1,856
4,953
2,166
2,787
13,742
7,813
5,929

21,367
2,665
1,855
4,930
2,144
2,786
13,772
7,842
5,930

21,380
2,661
1,858
4,957
2,168
2,789
13,762
7,836
5,926

21,340
2,659
1,857
4,953
2,167
2,786
13,728
7,806
5,922

21,609
2,601
1,775.1
5,073
2,283.3
2,789.6
13,935
8,169.3
5,765.4

21,280
2,642
1,839.9
4,860
2,096.8
2,763.4
13,778
7,986.9
5,791.3

21,692
2,648
1,847.9
5,061
2,291.3
2,770.1
13,983
8,186.7
5,795.8

1 These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and
irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

21,774
2,651
1,851.6
5,089
2,318.9
2,769.9
14,034
8,223.4
5,811.0

2 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
p = preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Seasonally adjusted

Mar.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003p

Mar.
2003p

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003p

Mar.
2003p

Total private ............................................

33.9

33.7

34.0

34.2

34.2

34.2

34.1

34.3

34.1

34.3

Goods-producing ..................................................

40.2

39.9

39.4

40.0

40.5

39.9

40.2

40.5

39.8

40.3

Mining ...............................................................

42.7

42.0

42.0

42.3

43.3

43.1

42.1

42.8

42.7

42.8

Construction .....................................................

38.4

38.0

36.6

38.5

39.1

38.2

38.4

39.4

37.4

39.1

Manufacturing ...................................................
Overtime hours .........................................

40.9
4.0

40.6
3.9

40.4
3.8

40.6
3.9

41.0
4.1

40.6
4.0

40.9
4.2

40.9
4.1

40.8
4.1

40.8
4.0

Durable goods ................................................
Overtime hours .........................................

41.3
4.0

41.0
3.9

40.9
3.8

41.0
3.9

41.3
4.1

41.0
4.0

41.3
4.2

41.4
4.1

41.3
4.1

41.1
4.0

Lumber and wood products ..........................
Furniture and fixtures ....................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ....................
Primary metal industries ...............................
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ...
Fabricated metal products ............................
Industrial machinery and equipment .............
Electronic and other electrical equipment .....
Transportation equipment .............................
Motor vehicles and equipment ..................
Instruments and related products .................
Miscellaneous manufacturing .......................

40.8
40.5
42.7
44.1
45.2
41.6
40.7
39.4
42.5
44.0
40.8
39.0

40.1
39.8
42.1
44.3
44.7
41.3
40.9
38.5
42.7
44.4
40.5
38.2

40.2
39.5
41.9
44.5
44.7
41.0
41.2
38.7
41.9
43.2
40.5
37.9

40.7
39.5
42.8
44.9
45.5
40.9
41.2
38.7
41.7
42.9
40.8
38.8

41.1
40.6
43.6
44.4
45.5
41.7
40.5
39.4
42.4
43.9
40.6
38.8

40.6
39.5
42.9
44.3
45.4
41.3
40.3
38.7
42.2
44.0
40.6
38.5

41.2
40.7
43.1
44.7
46.5
41.2
40.6
39.0
42.5
44.4
40.9
38.8

41.1
40.3
43.5
44.3
44.8
41.6
41.0
38.5
43.1
45.2
40.7
38.9

40.9
39.8
43.1
44.9
45.1
41.4
41.3
38.9
42.3
43.6
40.5
38.1

41.0
39.5
43.7
45.1
45.7
41.0
41.0
38.7
41.6
42.8
40.6
38.5

Nondurable goods ..........................................
Overtime hours .........................................

40.2
4.0

39.9
3.8

39.8
3.7

40.1
3.9

40.4
4.2

40.1
4.0

40.4
4.2

40.1
4.0

40.2
4.1

40.3
4.1

Food and kindred products ...........................
Tobacco products .........................................
Textile mill products ......................................
Apparel and other textile products ................
Paper and allied products .............................
Printing and publishing .................................
Chemicals and allied products ......................
Petroleum and coal products ........................
Rubber and misc. plastics products ..............
Leather and leather products ........................

40.7
40.6
41.5
37.5
41.3
37.6
41.9
41.1
41.1
37.2

40.4
40.1
40.4
36.2
41.8
37.6
41.8
42.1
40.4
36.6

39.8
40.0
40.4
36.4
41.6
37.8
42.2
42.6
40.2
36.8

40.4
39.7
40.5
36.5
41.6
38.0
42.4
43.2
40.5
37.0

41.4
41.2
41.4
37.4
41.5
37.5
42.0
(2)
41.1
37.3

41.0
39.6
40.9
36.6
41.5
37.1
42.2
(2)
40.7
37.0

41.4
39.5
41.2
36.7
41.8
37.7
42.1
(2)
40.8
37.1

40.8
40.6
40.5
36.6
41.8
38.0
41.8
(2)
40.6
37.0

40.6
41.2
40.7
36.5
42.2
38.2
42.4
(2)
40.4
37.0

41.1
40.3
40.4
36.4
41.9
37.9
42.5
(2)
40.5
37.1

Service-producing .................................................

32.5

32.4

32.9

32.9

32.8

32.9

32.8

32.9

32.8

32.9

Transportation and public utilities .....................

37.9

37.8

38.2

38.3

38.2

38.5

38.3

38.3

38.3

38.6

Wholesale trade ................................................

38.1

38.0

38.5

38.5

38.4

38.5

38.5

38.4

38.4

38.4

Retail trade .......................................................

28.7

28.4

28.9

29.0

29.1

29.2

29.2

29.3

29.1

29.2

Finance, insurance, and real estate .................

35.9

36.0

37.1

37.0

36.2

36.2

36.0

36.3

36.4

36.6

Services ............................................................

32.5

32.3

32.8

32.8

32.6

32.7

32.6

32.7

32.6

32.7

1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services. These groups account for
approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private nonfarm

payrolls.
2 This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the
seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and
irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p = preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
Average hourly earnings
Industry

Average weekly earnings

Mar.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003p

Mar.
2003p

Mar.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003p

Mar.
2003p

Total private ............................................
Seasonally adjusted .............................

$14.67
14.64

$15.07
14.99

$15.16
15.08

$15.16
15.10

$497.31
500.69

$507.86
514.16

$515.44
514.23

$518.47
517.93

Goods-producing ..................................................

16.19

16.58

16.55

16.65

650.84

661.54

652.07

666.00

Mining ...............................................................

17.73

18.04

18.22

18.40

757.07

757.68

765.24

778.32

Construction .....................................................

18.66

19.03

19.04

19.09

716.54

723.14

696.86

734.97

Manufacturing ...................................................

15.16

15.55

15.55

15.59

620.04

631.33

628.22

632.95

Durable goods ................................................
Lumber and wood products ..........................
Furniture and fixtures ....................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ....................
Primary metal industries ...............................
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ...
Fabricated metal products ............................
Industrial machinery and equipment .............
Electronic and other electrical equipment .....
Transportation equipment .............................
Motor vehicles and equipment ..................
Instruments and related products .................
Miscellaneous manufacturing .......................

15.63
12.35
12.57
15.12
17.20
20.66
14.60
16.31
14.93
19.65
20.09
15.12
12.39

16.06
12.61
12.78
15.76
17.67
21.26
14.97
16.66
15.11
20.37
21.11
15.51
12.52

16.04
12.68
12.81
15.65
17.65
21.26
14.96
16.66
15.22
20.24
20.85
15.52
12.49

16.07
12.66
12.82
15.75
17.59
21.06
15.03
16.70
15.27
20.30
20.98
15.58
12.57

645.52
503.88
509.09
645.62
758.52
933.83
607.36
663.82
588.24
835.13
883.96
616.90
483.21

658.46
505.66
508.64
663.50
782.78
950.32
618.26
681.39
581.74
869.80
937.28
628.16
478.26

656.04
509.74
506.00
655.74
785.43
950.32
613.36
686.39
589.01
848.06
900.72
628.56
473.37

658.87
515.26
506.39
674.10
789.79
958.23
614.73
688.04
590.95
846.51
900.04
635.66
487.72

Nondurable goods ..........................................
Food and kindred products ...........................
Tobacco products .........................................
Textile mill products ......................................
Apparel and other textile products ................
Paper and allied products .............................
Printing and publishing .................................
Chemicals and allied products ......................
Petroleum and coal products ........................
Rubber and misc. plastics products ..............
Leather and leather products ........................

14.46
13.10
22.47
11.65
9.82
17.25
15.12
18.93
22.39
13.61
10.40

14.82
13.32
21.09
11.91
10.06
17.74
15.37
19.45
22.58
14.00
10.41

14.85
13.29
21.72
11.85
9.94
17.76
15.47
19.50
22.95
14.02
10.37

14.90
13.36
22.63
11.83
10.01
17.78
15.53
19.59
22.90
14.05
10.30

581.29
533.17
912.28
483.48
368.25
712.43
568.51
793.17
920.23
559.37
386.88

591.32
538.13
845.71
481.16
364.17
741.53
577.91
813.01
950.62
565.60
381.01

591.03
528.94
868.80
478.74
361.82
738.82
584.77
822.90
977.67
563.60
381.62

597.49
539.74
898.41
479.12
365.37
739.65
590.14
830.62
989.28
569.03
381.10

Service-producing .................................................

14.24

14.65

14.79

14.76

462.80

474.66

486.59

485.60

Transportation and public utilities .....................

17.19

17.50

17.64

17.60

651.50

661.50

673.85

674.08

Wholesale trade ................................................

16.13

16.40

16.53

16.49

614.55

623.20

636.41

634.87

Retail trade .......................................................

9.98

10.23

10.26

10.24

286.43

290.53

296.51

296.96

Finance, insurance, and real estate .................

16.17

16.78

16.95

16.96

580.50

604.08

628.85

627.52

Services ............................................................

15.16

15.65

15.81

15.79

492.70

505.50

518.57

517.91

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

p = preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry, seasonally adjusted

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003p

Mar.
2003p

Percent
change
from:
Feb. 2003Mar. 2003

Total private:
Current dollars ................................
Constant (1982) dollars2 ................

$14.64
8.13

$14.94
8.16

$14.98
8.18

$14.99
8.16

$15.08
8.15

$15.10
N.A.

0.1
(3)

Goods-producing ..............................
Mining ...........................................
Construction .................................
Manufacturing ...............................
Excluding overtime4 .................

16.29
17.72
18.74
15.19
14.45

16.54
17.89
19.00
15.44
14.71

16.61
17.78
19.14
15.48
14.72

16.64
17.91
19.04
15.53
14.79

16.67
18.18
19.16
15.57
14.84

16.74
18.37
19.16
15.62
14.88

.4
1.0
.0
.3
.3

Service-producing .............................
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade ............................
Retail trade ...................................
Finance, insurance, and real
estate ......................................
Services ........................................

14.18
17.21
16.23
9.95

14.50
17.51
16.32
10.14

14.53
17.45
16.37
10.18

14.53
17.44
16.36
10.15

14.65
17.59
16.50
10.22

14.65
17.62
16.47
10.21

.0
.2
-.2
-.1

16.14
15.08

16.71
15.46

16.73
15.49

16.77
15.51

16.78
15.65

16.80
15.66

.1
.1

Industry

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners
and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this
series.
3 Change was -.1 percent from January 2003 to

February 2003, the latest month available.
4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at
the rate of time and one-half.
N.A. = not available.
p = preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
(1982=100)
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Seasonally adjusted

Mar.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003p

Mar.
2003p

Mar.
2002

Nov.
2002

Dec.
2002

Jan.
2003

Feb.
2003p

Mar.
2003p

Total private ............................................ 145.1

143.0

144.1

145.6

148.0

147.9

147.7

148.5

147.1

147.6

Goods-producing .................................................. 102.6

99.3

97.5

99.6

105.5

103.0

103.3

104.1

101.8

102.8

52.1

49.6

49.8

50.6

54.0

52.3

51.3

52.0

52.4

52.4

Construction ..................................................... 164.1

159.4

151.2

162.2

178.1

174.4

175.4

179.5

168.7

176.4

Mining ...............................................................

Manufacturing ...................................................

92.5

89.5

88.9

89.2

93.0

90.8

91.0

91.1

90.5

90.0

Durable goods ................................................
Lumber and wood products ..........................
Furniture and fixtures ....................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ....................
Primary metal industries ...............................
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ...
Fabricated metal products ............................
Industrial machinery and equipment .............
Electronic and other electrical equipment .....
Transportation equipment .............................
Motor vehicles and equipment ..................
Instruments and related products .................
Miscellaneous manufacturing .......................

95.2
130.7
123.2
108.9
76.3
57.8
108.8
83.9
83.4
106.0
143.9
68.8
90.3

91.6
127.6
116.7
105.0
74.6
57.2
105.3
80.4
75.6
104.5
142.6
66.3
87.0

90.7
127.1
115.2
105.0
74.3
56.6
103.6
80.3
75.0
102.5
139.3
65.8
86.2

90.9
127.6
115.1
107.8
75.2
57.7
103.4
80.2
74.6
102.1
138.2
65.9
88.4

95.5
134.7
123.2
113.1
76.7
58.4
109.2
83.1
83.1
105.5
143.0
68.6
90.2

92.7
131.8
118.9
112.3
75.1
57.9
106.5
80.2
76.4
103.7
142.3
66.7
90.6

92.8
133.5
120.9
112.0
75.4
59.3
105.7
80.1
76.5
104.0
142.5
66.6
89.8

93.3
133.6
119.1
113.1
74.9
57.5
106.3
80.6
75.5
107.1
147.5
66.6
90.1

92.1
132.3
116.7
111.8
75.2
57.5
104.8
80.5
75.3
104.2
140.8
65.8
87.5

91.4
131.6
114.9
112.3
75.9
58.7
104.0
79.5
74.5
102.1
137.8
65.6
88.4

Nondurable goods ..........................................
88.7
Food and kindred products ........................... 111.5
Tobacco products .........................................
48.8
Textile mill products ......................................
62.5
Apparel and other textile products ................
44.6
Paper and allied products .............................
94.5
Printing and publishing ................................. 106.9
Chemicals and allied products ......................
94.5
Petroleum and coal products ........................
68.8
Rubber and misc. plastics products .............. 133.6
Leather and leather products ........................
23.7

86.7
112.2
53.0
58.2
40.6
93.1
104.9
93.5
68.9
129.2
22.4

86.4
110.1
49.9
57.6
41.1
92.5
105.7
94.6
70.3
128.9
21.7

86.8
111.2
47.0
57.4
41.3
92.1
106.1
95.2
71.9
129.7
21.9

89.6
115.5
51.0
62.4
44.1
95.5
106.8
94.4
70.9
133.8
23.5

88.2
114.9
52.9
59.5
42.1
94.1
104.3
94.7
71.2
131.6
23.9

88.5
116.3
50.9
59.9
41.9
93.5
105.4
94.6
70.5
131.0
23.4

88.0
115.1
50.3
59.1
41.7
93.1
106.3
93.9
71.6
130.6
22.7

88.1
114.4
51.0
58.7
41.7
94.2
107.3
94.9
73.5
129.9
21.6

88.0
115.8
49.9
57.6
41.2
93.2
106.4
95.2
73.9
129.9
21.7

Service-producing ................................................. 164.3

162.6

165.1

166.2

167.1

168.0

167.6

168.4

167.4

167.7

Transportation and public utilities ..................... 130.3

126.9

127.1

127.6

132.3

131.1

130.0

129.9

129.0

129.8

Wholesale trade ................................................ 124.1

122.7

124.3

124.6

125.9

125.6

125.6

125.1

125.1

125.3

Retail trade ....................................................... 142.3

140.0

141.0

142.3

147.3

146.9

146.3

147.6

145.9

146.0

Finance, insurance, and real estate ................. 138.7

141.0

145.4

145.5

140.7

142.8

141.9

143.2

143.8

144.7

Services ............................................................ 209.1

207.3

211.5

213.1

211.3

213.8

213.6

214.7

213.4

213.7

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

p = preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 347 industries1

Over 1-month span:
1999 ..........................
2000 ..........................
2001 ..........................
2002 ..........................
2003 ..........................

55.3
55.9
49.4
47.3
49.4

58.6
57.5
45.7
41.4
p39.2

53.6
57.9
50.3
49.7
p47.1

58.4
51.2
42.4
47.8

55.5
50.1
47.3
50.9

57.8
55.8
43.2
49.4

57.1
57.8
44.5
48.6

54.8
51.4
42.5
48.8

57.1
52.4
42.4
49.3

57.2
52.4
40.5
48.3

60.4
53.2
39.3
45.8

58.1
52.7
44.1
44.4

Over 3-month span:
1999 ..........................
2000 ..........................
2001 ..........................
2002 ..........................
2003 ..........................

59.2
60.4
45.5
40.1
p39.9

57.6
61.4
46.1
43.2
p38.9

59.5
58.4
40.8
42.5

55.2
53.2
43.4
46.5

60.2
52.4
37.8
48.0

57.2
55.5
43.2
50.1

59.4
56.6
39.3
47.1

59.2
56.2
38.0
45.1

59.7
51.2
35.3
47.3

58.9
51.0
33.7
45.1

61.2
53.2
36.3
43.1

60.7
51.6
38.9
45.0

Over 6-month span:
1999 ..........................
2000 ..........................
2001 ..........................
2002 ..........................
2003 ..........................

60.2
61.1
44.7
37.0

58.9
59.4
42.7
41.6

58.5
58.1
39.5
43.4

59.7
57.9
40.1
44.4

57.2
54.2
40.8
46.5

60.8
52.4
35.6
46.0

61.2
52.9
37.0
46.5

62.5
54.2
32.4
43.1

62.7
52.4
34.3
40.8

61.8
48.7
33.1
43.1

61.2
45.7
34.1
p37.9

62.8
46.5
35.6
p37.0

Over 12-month span:
1999 ..........................
2000 ..........................
2001 ..........................
2002 ..........................
2003 ..........................

61.2
61.4
41.5
35.2

60.1
59.9
41.5
36.0

58.2
58.8
38.9
37.3

61.0
56.2
37.5
38.3

60.7
55.3
37.3
40.5

61.5
53.6
36.2
39.9

62.2
53.0
34.1
40.1

61.1
51.0
33.6
p37.6

63.8
47.7
34.4
p39.0

62.2
45.2
33.9

59.7
44.5
33.3

60.5
42.9
34.0

Manufacturing payrolls, 136 industries1

Over 1-month span:
1999 ..........................
2000 ..........................
2001 ..........................
2002 ..........................
2003 ..........................

47.4
44.9
34.9
35.3
47.1

41.2
52.2
26.8
37.9
p36.8

42.6
49.3
38.2
40.4
p38.6

46.0
46.0
29.0
47.4

46.3
49.3
28.3
47.1

43.4
50.7
30.5
40.4

50.0
57.4
34.9
48.9

42.6
36.8
25.7
41.9

46.0
39.0
31.6
40.1

45.6
42.3
31.3
40.4

51.5
47.1
25.0
40.1

49.3
40.8
30.9
37.1

Over 3-month span:
1999 ..........................
2000 ..........................
2001 ..........................
2002 ..........................
2003 ..........................

39.3
48.2
21.3
24.6
p28.7

39.3
48.9
21.3
30.1
p30.9

39.7
48.9
18.4
37.1

40.1
44.5
23.5
38.6

41.2
46.7
19.9
40.1

43.8
52.2
23.2
41.2

44.1
46.0
17.3
38.6

46.3
38.6
19.1
34.6

42.3
29.0
16.2
32.4

44.1
34.2
18.0
32.0

47.8
39.0
18.4
28.3

45.2
36.0
18.0
32.0

Over 6-month span:
1999 ..........................
2000 ..........................
2001 ..........................
2002 ..........................
2003 ..........................

36.4
47.8
20.2
19.9

36.0
45.2
16.9
26.8

37.5
44.5
14.0
29.8

40.4
50.0
16.2
38.2

37.5
41.9
16.5
36.4

42.3
37.9
13.2
34.2

43.0
36.0
14.7
31.6

44.5
35.3
11.8
26.8

48.2
32.4
14.0
24.6

43.0
26.1
13.2
26.8

44.5
21.3
17.6
p23.9

47.4
21.7
16.5
p21.7

Over 12-month span:
1999 ..........................
2000 ..........................
2001 ..........................
2002 ..........................
2003 ..........................

38.6
49.3
13.6
18.0

34.6
44.1
13.6
18.0

32.4
39.3
13.6
20.2

36.0
36.8
15.4
20.2

37.9
35.3
12.1
24.6

39.0
34.2
11.0
22.1

40.1
33.8
11.0
25.0

40.4
28.7
11.0
p22.1

44.5
22.1
12.9
p22.8

44.5
19.1
12.9

43.4
17.6
14.0

44.5
14.0
13.6

1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and
unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus

one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent
indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment.