Full text of The Employment Situation : March 1993

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United States
Department
of Labor
Washington, D.C. 20212

Bureau of Labor Statistics
Technical information:
Household data:
National

USDL 93-110
(202) 606-6373
606-6378
606-6392
606-6555
606-5902

State
Establishment data:
Media contact:

Transmission of material in this release is
embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EST),
Friday, April 2, 1993

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MARCH 1993
Employment and unemployment were little changed in March, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the
U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The unemployment rate remained at 7.0 percent. Payroll
employment—as measured by the employer survey—held steady at 109.2 million. Total employment and
the labor force—as measured by the household survey—were also little changed from February levels.
Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,
April 1990 - March 1993
1110

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,
•ercent
April 1990 - March 1993

Millions

110.0

109.0

108.0

1991

1992

1993

1991

1993

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
The number of unemployed persons, 8.9 million, was unchanged in March, after seasonal adjustment.
The unemployment rate, also unchanged at 7.0 percent, remained 0.7 percentage point below its mid1992 high of 7.7 percent, but well above its prerecession level of slightly more than 5 percent. (See table
A-1.)
Among worker groups, there was some improvement in unemployment for adult women, whose
jobless rate fell for the second consecutive month, to 5.7 percent in March. The unemployment rate for
adult men edged up slightly, to 6.7 percent. Jobless rates for teenagers (19.5 percent), whites (6.1
percent), blacks (13.5 percent), and Hispanics (11.4 percent) were about unchanged over the month, after
seasonal adjustment. Rates for all of these worker groups have receded since peaking in mid-1992. (See
tables A-1 and A-2.)




2

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Quarterly averages
Monthly data
1993
1993
Category
1992
Jan.
I
Feb.
Mar.
IV
Labor force status

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Civilian labor force
Employment
Unemployment
Not in labor force
Discouraged workers

Feb.Mar.
change

177,341
118,021
9,320
64,978
1,084

127,280
118,362
8,917
65,516
1,134

127,327

127,083
118,071
9,013
65,561
N.A.

127,429
118,565
8,864
65,530
N.A.

102
114
-12
71
N.A.

7.0
6.7
5.7
19.5
6.1
13.5
11.4

.0
0.2
-.3
-.1
.0
.4
.0

108,865 pl09,232 pl09,210
23,267 p23,368 p23,303
4,559
p4,652
p4,593
18,092 pl8,112 pl8,103
85,598 p85,864 p85,907
19,227 pl9,363 pl9,356
29,267 p29,366 p29,426
18,664 pl8,686 pi 8,674

p-22
p-65

118,451
8,876
65,459
N.A.

Unemployment rates
All workers
Adult men
Adult women
Teenagers
White
Black
Hispanic origin

7.3
7.0
6.3
19.4
6.4
14.1
11.8

7.0
6.5
6.0
19.6
6.1
13.6
11.4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Nonfarm employment...
Goods-producing
Construction
Manufacturing...
Service-producing l .
Retail trade
Services
Government

7.1
6.4
6.4
19.7
6.2
14.2
11.6

7.0
6.5
6.0
19.6
6.1
13.1
11.4

Employment
108,656 pl09,102
23,271 p23,313
4,591
p4,601
18,059 pi 8,102
85,385 p85,790
19,141 pl9,315
29,198 p29,353
18,664 pi 8,675

p-59
p-9
p43
p-7
p60
p-12

Hours of work2
Total private
Manufacturing..
Overtime

34.5

p34.4

34.5

p34.4

41.2
3.9

p41.4

41.4

p41.5

p34.3
p41.2

p4.1

4.0

p4.3

p3.9

Earnings

p-0.1
p-.3
P-.4

2

Average hourly earnings,
total private

$10.68

p$10.76

$10.73

p$ 10.75

p$ 10.80 p$0.05

368.22

p370.14

370.19

P369.80

p.64
P370.44
p - preliminary

Average weekly earnings,
total private
2

Data relate to private production or nonsupervisoiy workers.
N.A. = not available.




3

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons fell by 267,000 in March, to 6.2
million, following a large February increase. The number of such workers, who are often referred to as
the "partially unemployed," has fluctuated between 6.0 and 6.5 million for more than a year and a half.
The March figure was about 1.4 million greater than in early 1990, just prior to the onset of the recession.
(See table A-3.)
Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
The total number of persons employed was about unchanged in March at 118.6 million, after seasonal
adjustment. Since its most recent low in August 1991, total employment has grown by 2.0 million. The
proportion of the population with jobs, 61.4 percent in March, held steady over the month, remaining
about 1-1/2 percentage points below prerecession levels. (See table A-1.)
At 127.4 million in March, the civilian labor force was about the same as in February. It has, in fact,
shown little net growth since mid-1992. The labor force participation rate was 66.0 percent for the third
consecutive month. (See table A-1.)
Discouraged Workers (Household Survey Data)
The number of discouraged workers—those who would like to work but are not looking for jobs
because they think their search would be in vain—was unchanged at 1.1 million in the first quarter of
1993. It has remained at about this level since the third quarter of 1991. (See table A-11.)
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
The number of nonfarm payroll jobs was unchanged in March at 109.2 million, seasonally adjusted,
following a sharp increase in the previous month. A further increase in services employment was offset
by a decline in construction jobs. After showing little growth last summer, payroll employment has
increased by 713,000 jobs since September. (See table B-l.)
Construction employment fell by 59,000 in March, after seasonal adjustment, following a large gain in
February. Because of poor weather conditions over much of the country in late February and early
March, there was a slowdown in the usual seasonal hiring activity. A slight gain in mining employment
was due entirely to a return to work of striking coal miners.
The overall number of manufacturing jobs was about unchanged over the month at 18.1 million.
While there were some small gains in the nondurable goods sector, employment declined in several
durable goods industries, including those producing materials for construction and those dependent on
defense purchases. Employment also was down among auto manufacturers and their suppliers.
Services employment rose by 60,000 in March. Continued strong growth in business services,
especially in personnel supply, accounted for the bulk of the increase. Health services employment
showed a modest gain; growth in this industry has slowed in the first quarter, primarily due to slack hiring
in hospitals.
Retail trade employment, which had shown substantial growth in recent months, was unchanged at
19.4 million in March. Several retail trade industries, including eating and drinking establishments,
showed modest gains, but these were offset by declines in other industries.




4

Employment in the remaining private sector industry groups was also about the same in March as in
the previous month. Likewise, government employment was unchanged over the month. Over the past
year, Federal employment has fallen by 67,000, while local government employment has risen by 195,000.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data^
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls edged
down 0.1 hour in March to 34.3 hours, seasonally adjusted. Manufacturing hours fell 0.3 hour, to 41.2
hours. Factory overtime retreated from its all-time high in February, falling 0.4 hour to 3.9 hours.
Severe winter storms in the survey reference period undoubtedly affected the March hours figures. (See
table B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls decreased by 0.5 percent in March to 121.9 (1982=100), after seasonal adjustment. The index
for manufacturing, 102.6, fell by 0.8 percent. (See table B-5.)
H o u r l y and W e e k l y Earnings (Establishment Surrey Pata)

Average hourly earnings of private production or nonsupervisory workers were up 0.5 percent in
March, after seasonal adjustment, and average weekly earnings rose 0.2 percent. Prior to seasonal
adjustment, average hourly earnings rose 3 cents to $10.81, and average weekly earnings were little
changed at $368.62. Over the past year, average hourly earnings grew by 2.6 percent and average
weekly earnings by 2.0 percent. (See table B-3.)

The Employment Situation for April 1993 will be released on Friday, May 7, at 8:30 A.M. (EDT).

Planned Changes for the Current Population Survey (CP^
Beginning in 1994, with the release of data for January, estimates from the Current Population Survey
(household survey) will reflect the results of a major redesign of the survey. The redesign is being
undertaken to obtain more accurate and comprehensive information on the labor force. As part of this
effort, the survey questionnaire is being revamped to include many new and revised questions regarding
individuals' employment and unemployment activities, and a fully automated data collection environment
is being introduced.
Work on the redesign began in the late 1980s. The new questionnaire is being tested for an 18-month
period, July 1992-December 1993, in a separate national sample survey of about 13,000 households to
gauge the effect of both the new questions and the automated data collection procedures on the labor
force estimates. Early indications of the potential effects of these changes will not be available until this
fall; a comprehensive examination will be published in the February 1994 issue of Employment and
Earnings.




Explanatory Note
This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the
Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current
Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey). The household
survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and
unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD
DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households that is
conducted by the Bureau of the Census with most of the findings
analyzed and published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that
appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This
information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation
with State agencies. The sample includes over350,000 establishments
employing over 41 million people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually collected
for and relate to a particular week. In the household survey, unless
otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that contains the 12th day
of the month, which is called the survey week. In the establishment
survey, the reference week is the pay period including the 12th, which
may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of technical
factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments,
and the inevitable variance in results between a survey ofa sample and
a census of the entire population. Each of these factors is explained
below.

Coverage, definitions, and differences
between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are selected so as
to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age
and older. Each person in a household is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Those who hold more than one
job are classified according to the job at which they worked the most
hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid
employees; worked in their own business or profession or on their own
farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise operated by a
member of their family, whether they were paid or not. People are also
counted as employed if they were on unpaid leave because of illness,
bad weather, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their eligibility
for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if they meet all of the
following criteria: They had no employment during the survey week;
they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts
to find employment sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Persons laid
off from their former jobs and awaiting recall and those expecting to
report to a job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be
counted as unemployed.
The civilian labor force equals the sum of the number employed
and the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the number
unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force. Table A-7 presents




a special grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on
varying definitions ofunemployment and the labor force. The definitions
are provided in the table. The most restrictive definition yields U-l
and the most comprehensive yields U-7. The civilian worker
unemployment rate is U-5b, while U-5a, the overall unemployment
rate, includes the resident Armed Forces in the labor force base.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only counts
wage and salary employees whose names appear on the payroll records
of nonfarm firms. As a result, there are many differences between the
two surveys, among which are the following:
• The household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a
larger segment ofthe population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture,
the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers;
• The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed; the establishment survey does not,
• The household survey is limited to those 16 years of age and older, the
establishment survey is not limited by age;
• The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each
individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees
working at more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one
payroll would be counted separately for each appearance.
Other differences between the two surveys are described in
Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and Payroll
Surveys," which may be obtained from BLS upon request.

Seasonal adjustment
Over the course ofa year, the size ofthe nation's labor force and the
levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations
due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or
expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and
closing of schools. For example, the labor force increases by a large
number each June, when schools close and many young people enter
the j ob market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large;
over the course of a year, for example, seasonality may account for as
much as 95 percent ofthe month-to-month changes in unemployment.
Because these seasonal events followamore or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by
adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make
nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or
increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to
spot. To return to the school* s-out example, the large number ofpeople
entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the
level of economic activity hasrisenor declined. However, because the
effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the
statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable

change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the
adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze
changes in economic activity.
Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment contain
components such as age and sex. Statistics for all employees,
production workers, average weekly hours, and average hourly
earnings include components based on the employer's industry. All
these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total
or by adjusting each of the components and combining them. The
second procedure usually yields more accurate information and is
therefore followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted
figure for the civilian labor force is the sum ofeight seasonally adjusted
employment components and four seasonally adjusted unemployment
components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four
unemployment components; and the unemployment rate is derived by
dividing the resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate
of the civilian labor force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are
recalculated twice a year. For the household survey, the factors are
calculated for the January-June period and again for the July-December
period. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal
adjustment are calculated for the May-October period and introduced
along with new benchmarks, and again for the November-April period.
In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

are off by these magnitudes but, rather, that the chances are
approximately 90 out of 100 that the 'true" level or rate would not be
expected to differ from the estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the data are
cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or annually. Also, as
a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the larger the sampling error.
Therefore, relatively speaking, the estimate of the size of the labor
force is subject to less error than is the estimate of the number
unemployed. And, among the unemployed, the sampling error for the
jobless rate ofadult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error
for the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly
change in the jobless rate for men is .30 percentage point; for
teenagers, it is 1.65 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the most current 2
months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates
are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the returns in the
sample have been received, the estimates are revised. In other words,
data for the month of September are published in preliminary form in
October and November and in final form in December. To remove
errors that build up over time, a comprehensive count of the employed
is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to establish
new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of employment—against
which month-to-month changes can be measured. The new benchmarks
also incorporate changes in the classification of industries and allow
for the formation of new establishments.

Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are
subject to sampling eiTor, that is, the estimate of the number of people
employed and the other estimates drawn from these surveys probably
differfromthe figures that would be obtained from a complete census,
even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the
household survey, the amount of the differences can be expressed in
terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error
depends upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other
factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the chances
are approximately 68 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample
will differ by no more than the standard error from the results of a
complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an
estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than 1.6 times the
standard errorfromthe results ofa complete census. At approximately
the 90-percent level ofconfidence—the confidence limits used by BLS
in its analyses—the error for the monthly change in total employment
is on the order of plus or minus 341,000; for total unemployment it is
251,000; and, for the civilian worker unemployment rate, it is 0.22
percentage points. These figures do not mean that the sample results




Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the nation's employment
situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide variety of data in this news
release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment
and Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $ 13.00
per issue or $31.00 per yearfromthe U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC 20402. A check or money order made out to the
Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling
error for the household survey data published in this release. For
unemployment and other labor force categories, these measures appear
in tables 1 -B through 1 -H of its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the
reliability of the data drawn from the establishment survey and the
actual amounts ofrevision due to benchmark adjustments are provided
in tables 2-B through 2-F of that publication.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-STAT;
TDD phone: 202-606*5897; TDD Message Referral Phone Number:
1-800-326-2577.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sax and age
(Numbers in thousands)

Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
Mar.
1992

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992-

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

191,022
125,797
65.9
116,106
60.8
2,918
113,188
9,691
7.7
65,225

192,786
126,505
65.6
116,735
60.6
2,681
114,054
9,770
7.7
66,281

192,959
126,682
65.7
117,406
60.8
2,805
114,601
9,276
7.3
66,277

191,022
126,548
66.2
117,264
61.4
3,194
114,070
9,284
7.3
64,474

192,316
127,365
66.2
118,064
61.4
3,209
114,855
9,301
7.3
64,951

192,509
127,591
66.3
118,311
61.5
3,262
115,049
9,260
7.3
64,918

192,644
127,083
66.0
118,071
61.3
3,191
114,879
9,013
7.1
65,561

192,786
127,327
66.0
118,451
61.4
3,116
115,335
8,876
7.0
65.459

192,959
127,429
66.0
118,565
61.4
3,082
115,483
8.864
7.0
65,530

91,238
68,491
75.1
62,602
68.6
5,889
8.6

92.203
68,837
74.7
62,993
68.3
5,843
8.5

92,304
69,053
74.8
63,370
68.7
5,683
8.2

91,238
68,907
75.5
63,547
69.6
5,360
7.8

91,951
69,335
75.4
64,043
69.6
5.292
7.6

92.060
69,394
75.4
64,194
69.7
5,200
7.5

92,130
69,115
75.0
64,186
69.7
4,929
7.1

92,208
69,335
75.2
64,338
69.8
4,997
7.2

92,304
69,493
75.3
64,332
69.7
5,160
7.4

84,590
65,322
77.2
60,204
71.2
2,177
58,027
5.118
7.8

85,554
65,608
76.7
60,502
70.7
2,032
58,470
5,106
7.8

85,664
65,771
76.8
60,821
71.0
2,077
58,744
4,950
7.5

84,590
65,436
77.4
60,843
71.9
2,353
58,490
4,593
7.0

85,259
65,740
77.1
61,206
71.8
2,326
58,880
4,534
6.9

85,369
65,785
77.1
61,326
71.8
2,371
58,955
4,459
6.8

85,445
65,624
76.8
61,423
71.9
2,340
59,083
4,201
6.4

85,554
65,734
76.8
61,479
71.9
2,299
59,180
4,255
6.5

85,664
65.901
76.9
61,466
71.8
2,248
59,218
4,435
6.7

99,783
57,306
57.4
53,504
53.6
3,802
6.6

I X , 577
57,668
57.3
53,741
53.4
3,927
6.8

100,654
57,630
57.3
54,036
53.7
3,594
6.2

99,783
57,641
57.8
53,717
53.8
3,924
6.8

100,365
58,030
57.8
54,021
53.8
4,009
6.9

100.449
58,197
57.9
54,117
53.9
4,080
7.0

100,514
57,968
57.7
53,885
53.6
4,083
7.0

100,577
57,992
57.7
54,114
53.8
3,879
6.7

100.654
57,936
57.6
54,233
53.9
3,704
6.4

93,256
54,379
58.3
51,100
54.8
597
50,503
3,279
6.0

94,088
54,670
58.1
51,306
54.5
493
50,813
3,364
6.2

94,148
54,726
58.1
51,668
54.9
567
51,101
3,058
5.6

93,256
54,458
58.4
51,114
54.8
650
50,464
3,344
6.1

93,849
54,832
58.4
51,435
54.8
616
50,819
3,397
6.2

93,960
55,010
58.5
51,494
54.8
613
50,881
3,516
6.4

94,007
54,733
58.2
51,246
54.5
608
50,638
3,486
6.4

94,088
54,742
58.2
51,466
54.7
551
50,915
3,276
6.0

94,148
54,779
58.2
51,668
54.9
618
51,050
3,111
5.7

13,176
6,095
46.3
4,802
36.4
144
4,658
1,293
21.2

13,143
6,227
47.4
4,927
37.5
155
4,772
1,300
20.9

13,147
6,186
47.1
4,917
37.4
160
4,757
1,269
20.5

13,176
6,654
50.5
5,307
40.3
191
5,116
1,347
20.2

13,208
6,793
51.4
5,423
41.1
267
5,156
1,370
20.2

13,181
6,796
51.6
5,491
41.7
278
5,213
1,305
19.2

13.191
6,726
51.0
5,401
40.9
243
5,158
1,325
19.7

13,143
6,851
52,1
5,506
41.9
266
5,240
1,345
19.6

13,147
6,749
51.3
5,431
41.3
216
5,215
1,318
19.5

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Nonagricultural Industries

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rale

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unenployed
Unemployment rate

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutiona! population
Civilian labor force ...»
Participation rate
Employed

Employment-population ratio
Agriculture
Nonagricultural Industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation;
therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally




adjusted columns,

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by racs, sex, ago, and Hispanic origin
(Nurrbers in thousands)

Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
Mar.
1992

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

162,305
107.772
66.4
100,325
61.8
7.447
6.9

163,429
108,063
66.1
100,588
61.5
7.475
6.9

163,543
108,322
6G2
101,269
61.9
7,052
6.5

162,305
108,405
66.8
101,340
624
7,065
6.5

163,132
108,723
66.6
101,816
62.4
6,907
6A

163,259
108,946
66.7
102,043
62.5
6,903
6.3

163,343
108,729
66.6
101,987
62.4
6,742
62

163,429
108,754
66.5
102,109
62.5
6,645
6.1

163.543
108,998
66.6
102,339
62.6
6,659
6.1

56.559
77.7
52.572
722
3,987
7.0

56,754
77.3
52.737
71.8
4,017
7.1

56,906
77 4
53,066
72.2
3,841
6.7

56,678
77.8
53,127
73.0
3,551
6.3

56,858
77.6
53,369
72.8
3,489
6.1

56,937
77.6
53,543
73.0
3,394
6.0

56,895
77.5
53,615
73 JO
3,280
5.8

56,942
77.5
53,649
73.0
3,293
5.8

57,070
77.6
53,656
73.0
3,414
6.0

45,931
582
43,479
55.1
2.452
5.3

45,988
57.9
43,495
54.8
2,493
5.4

46,090
58.0
43,795
55.1
2.294
5.0

45,984
582
43,510
55.1
2,474
5A

46,095
58.1
43,661
55.0
2,434
5.3

46,240
58.3
43,667
55.0
2,573
5.6

46,096
58.1
43,583
54.9
2,513
5.5

46,002
57.9
43,626
54.9
2,377
52

46,142
58.1
43,839
552
2,303
5.0

6,282
50.1
4.274
40.6
1,009
19.1
22.4
15.5

5,321
50.5
4.356
414
965
18.1
20.1
16.1

5,326
50.5
4,408
917
17.2
18 £
15.5

5,743
54.5
4.703
44.7
1,040
18.1
20.0
16.0

5,770
54.9
4,786
45.5
984
17.1
17.7
16.4

5,769
54.9
4,833
46.0
936
162
172
15.1

5,738
54.5
4,789
45.5
949
16.5
18.1
14.9

5,810
552
4,834
45.9
976
16.8
17.9
15.6

5,786
54.9
4,844
46.0
942
16.3
16.5
16.0

21,854
13,586
622
11,669
53.4
1,917
14.1

22,184
13.779
62.1
11,909
53.7
1,870
13.6

22,217
13,687
61.6
11,810
532
1,877
13.7

21,854
13,729
62.8
11,814
54.1
1,915
13.9

22,096
13,894
62.9
11,948
54.1
1,946
14.0

22,131
13,935
63.0
11,960
54.0
1,975
142

22,157
13,822
62 A
11,853
53.5
1.969
142

22,184
14,018
632
12.186
54.9
1,832
13.1

22,217
13,834
62.3
11,962
53.8
1,871
13.5

6,437
73.1
5,475
622
962
14.9

6,465
72.1
5,604
62.5
861
13.3

6,469
72.0
5,550
61.8
919
142

6,450
732
5,557
63.1
893
13.8

6,481
72.6
5,640
632
841
13.0

6,450
72.1
5,589
62.5
861
13.3

6.486
5,645
63.1
841
13.0

6,534
72.9
5.754
642
781
11.9

5,640
62.8
851
13.1

6,499
592
5,800
52.9
699
10.8

6,601
59.3
5,871
52.7
730
11.1

6,547
58.7
5,903
52.9
644
9£

6,540
59.6
5,794
52.8
746
11A

6,639
59.9
5,854
52.8
785
11.8

6,687
602
5,889
53.0
798
11.9

6,536
58.8
5.717
514
819
12.5

6,683
60.0
5.936
53.3
747
11.2

6,584
59.1
5,897
52.9
687
104

650
31.3
394
19.0
256
39.4
402
36.3

713
34 2
434
20.8
278
39.1
41.0
36.9

671
322
357
17.1
313
46.7
48.1
44.9

739
35.6
463
22.3
276
37.3
38.3
36.1

774
372
454
21.8
320
41.3
443
37.5

798
38.3
482
232
316
39.6
422
36.5

800
384
490
23.5
310
38.7
39.0
38.5

800
38.4
496
23.8
304
38.0
37.4
38.6

758
36.3
425
204
333
43.9
454
42.0

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Enployed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

«...

..
-

-

-

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Particpation rate

.......
..

-

Unenployment rate

-

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor (orce

-

Employed
Employment-population ratio

..

Unemployment rate

..

-

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Errployed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unenployment rate
Men
Women

-

..

41i

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Enployment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unenployment rate

.....

..

....

Men, 20 years and ovsr
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Enployed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

...»

72.4

6,491

72.3

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Particpation rate
..
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unenployment rate
..

..

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
Unenployment rate
Men
Women

See footnotes at end of table.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)

Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
Mar.
1992

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

15.106
10,092
66.8
6,921
59.1
1,170
11.6

15,540
10,173
65.5
8.908
57.3
1.266
12.4

15,585
10,324
66.2
9,111
58.5
1,212
11.7

15,106
10,116
67.0
8,973
594
1,143
11.3

15.421
10,211
662
8,990
58.3
1,221
12.0

15,461
10,351
66.9
9,145
59.1
1,206
11.7

15,500
10,225
66.0
9,043
58.3
1,182
11.6

15,540
10,280
66.1
9,108
58.6
1,171
11A

15.585
10,343
66.4
9,166
58.8
1,177
1U

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio
Unemployed
UnerTployment rate

.

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore,
Identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Detail tor the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to

totals because data for the "other races* group are not presented and
Hispanics are included In both the white and black population groups.

Table A-3. Selected employment indicators
(In thousands)

Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Category
Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

....... 116,106
39,914
30,144
6,494

116,735
40,371
30,301
6,628

117,406
40,616
30,700
6,731

117,264
40,163
30,096
6,552

118,064
40,487
30,244
6,585

118,311
40,639
30,403
6,548

118,071
40,607
30,298
6,555

118,451
40.903
30,515
6,615

118,565
40,902
30.669
6.792

31,075
36,908
16,084
12,439
16,635
2,965

31,978
36,583
16.280
12,481
16,679
2,735

32,402
36,441
16,370
12,520
16,735
2,938

30,927
36,817
16,164
12,761
17,060
3,410

31,529
36,804
15,999
13,203
17,030
3,507

31,485
36.799
16,226
13,271
16,959
3,525

31,874
36,363
16,414
12,937
17,132
3,403

31,907
36,767
16,461
12,841
17,341
3,319

32,272
36,332
16,436
12.867
17,175
3.385

1,560
1,272
86

1,335
1,244
102

1,413
1,275
117

1,730
1,371
96

1,685
1,370
163

1,735
1,397
106

1,661
1,404
145

1,614
1,363
136

1,568
1,377
130

104,379
17,975
86.404
997
85,407
8,536
273

105,056
18,637
86,419
983
85,436
8,793
205

105,666
18,684
86,982
1,064
85,918
8.700
235

105*154
17,817
87,337
1,071
86,266
8,663
240

105,913
18,216
87,697
1,109
86,588
8,700
220

105,978
18,065
87.913
1,091
86,822
8,668
221

105,883
18,481
87,402
1,061
86,341
8,793
250

106,163
18,507
87,655
1,071
86,584
9,065
226

106,447
18,536
87,911
1.143
86.769
8,832
206

6,473
3,428
2,786
15,298

6,707
3,563
2,844
15,374

6,250
3,246
2,738
15,583

6,436
3.216
2,912
14,501

6,493
3,161
3,060
14,834

6,349
3.206
2,865
14,895

6,113
2,994
2,887
14,788

6,461
3,150
2,991
14,698

6,194
3.039
2.855
14,799

6,205
3.216
2,744
14,845

6,510
3.397
2,817
14,996

6,043
3,095
2,684
15.149

6.142
3,005
2,853
14,008

6,230
2,984
2,998
14,413

6,063
3,024
2,793
14,476

5,887
2.800
2,849
14.364

6,242
2,990
2.931
14,282

5.965
2,887
2,781
14,319

Mar.
1992

CHARACTERISTIC
Civilian employed, 16 years and over
Married women, spouse present

OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support

-

Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers . —

INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricukural Industries:
Private industries
Private households

..
-

-

-

Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time tor economic reasons
Slack work ...»
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
NonagriculturaJ Industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
1

„
-

Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for




such reasons as vacation, illness, or Industrial dispute.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Selected unemployment Indicators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)

Category

Unenployment rates1

Mar.
1992

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

9,284
4,593
3,344
1,347

8,876
4,255
3,276
1,345

8,864
4,435
3,111
1.318

7.3
7.0
6.1
20.2

7.3
6.9
6.2
20.2

7.3
6.8
6.4
19.2

7.1
6.4
6.4
19.7

7.0
6.5
6.0
19.6

7.0
6.7
5.7
19.5

2,071
1,560
716

1,924
1,390
751

2,029
1.392
670

4.9
4.9
9.9

4.9
5.0
10.4

4.8
5.0
10.3

4.5
4.9
10.6

4.5
4.4
10.2

4.7
4.3
9.0

7,681
1,587

7,247
1,617

7,252
1,606

7.0
9.0
8.3

7.0
9.2
8.3

6.9
9.7
8.1

6.7
9.3
7.9

6.6
9.1
7.9

6.6
8.9
7.9

CHARACTERISTIC
Total. 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over ......
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

-

-

FulMime workers
Part-time workers
Labor force time lost2

-

—

—

—

OCCUPATION3
Managerial and professional specialty
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

976
2,221
1,359
2,119
262

1,165
2,021
1,087
1,897
327

1,046
1,968
1.187
1,968
307

3.1
5.7
9.6
11.0
7.1

3.1
5.7
8.6
10.6
8.8

3.2
5.8
8.8
10.0
8.7

3.3
5.5
7.9
9.8
8.5

3.5
5.2
7.8
9.9
9.0

3.1
5.1
8.4
10.3
8.3

7,291
2,659
55
1,041
1.563
919
644
4.632
387
2,062
2,183
674
204

6,750
2,330
47
810
1,473
809
663
4,421
306
1,911
2,204
695
243

6,770
2,433
38
889
1,505
836
670
4,337
339
1,940
2,058
685
216

7.7
9.5
7.7
17.3
7.4
7.5
7.2
6.9
5.7
8.5
6.1
3.6
10.5

7.5
9.3
5.3
14.5
8.0
8.5
7.3
6.7
6.1
7.9
6.1
3.8
13.5

7.5
9.0
5.5
15.7
7.2
7.5
6.9
6.9
5.6
8.0
6.5
3.6
12.2

7.3
8.8
7.8
14.3
7.3
7.3
72
6.7
4.9
7.9
6.3
3.6
11.6

7.2
8.6
7.1
13.7
7.2
6.9
7.5
6.6
4.6
7.8
6.1
3.6
13.1

7.2
9.0
5.5
15.3
7.3
7.0
7.6
6.4
4.9
7.9
5.7
3.6
12.1

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
..
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

..

1

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for
economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.
3
Seasonally adjusted unemployment data for servioe occupations are not
2

available because the seasonal components are small relative to the
trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be
separated with sufficient precision.

Table A-5. Duration of unemployment
(Nurrfcers In thousands)

Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Weeks of unemployment
Mar.
1992

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

2,996
3,036
3,659
1,822
1,837

3,138
3,156
3,476
1,468
2,008

2,832
2.897
3,546
1,659
1,888

3,291
2.698
3.185
1.417
1.768

3.120
2,835
3,446
1,438
2,008

3,042
2,688
3,605
1.540
2.065

3,272
2,481
3,317
1,407
1,910

3,232
2,487
3,143
1.238
1.907

3,102
2,566
3,073
1,259
1,814

18.0
10.2

18.4
9.2

18.5
10.4

17.0
8.1

18.4
9.4

19.2
9.4

18.7
8.5

18.3
6.2

17.5
8.3

100.0
30.9
31.3
37.8
18.8
19.0

100.0
32.1
32.3
35.6
15.0
20.5

100.0
30.5
31.2
38.2
17.9
20.3

100.0
35.9
29.4
34.7
15.4
19.3

100.0
33.2
30.2
36.7
15.3
21.4

100.0
32.6
28.8
38.6
16.5
22.1

100.0
36.1
27.4
36.6
15.5
21.1

100.0
36.5
28.1
35.5
13.9
21.5

100.0
35.5
29.4
35.2
14.4
20.7

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

..

Average (mean) duration. In weeks
Median duration, in weeks

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks




.'.

-

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

T a b l e A-6. R e a s o n for u n e m p l o y m e n t
(NunrPers in thousands)

N o t seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Reason
Mar.
1992

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

5.938
1.592
4,347
874
2.167
712

5,661
1,479
4,182
1,022
2.288
798

5.437
1.395
4,042
1.013
2.018
808

5.269
1,235
4.034
947
2203
832

5.207
1,195
4,012
977
2.194
930

5.138
1204
3.934
972
2237
930

4.847
1.029
3.818
821
2,346
960

4,648
1.049
3.599
1,046
2,299
887

4,812
1.076
3.735
1,096
2.047
930

.......
.......

100.0
61.3
16.4
44.9
9.0
22.4
7.3

100.0
57.9
15.1
42.B
10.5
23.4
8.2

100.0
58.6
15.0
43.6
10.9
21.8
8.7

100.0
57.0
13.3
43.6
102
23.8
9.0

100.0
55.9
12.8
43.1
10.5
23.6
10.0

100.0
55.4
13.0
424
10.5
24.1
10.0

100.0
54.0
11.5
42.5
9.1
26.1
10.7

100.0
52.3
11.8
40.5
11.8
25.9
10.0

100.0
54.2
12.1
42.0
12.3
23.0
10.5

4.5
.8
1.8

4.3
.8
1.6
.6

42
.7
1.7
.7

4.1
.8
1.7
.7

4.0
.8
1.8
.7

3.8
.6
1.8

.......

4.7
.7
1.7
.6

3.7
.8
1.8
.7

3.8
.9
1.6
.7

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers

-

New entrants

-

-

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
..
Other job losers
Job leavers
..
Reentrants
..
New entrants ...»

......
-

-

UNEMPLOYED A S A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

New entrants . —

.8

J6

T a b l e A-7. R a n g e o f u n s m p l o y m e n t m e a s u r e s b a s e d o n varying definitions of unsmploymsnt a n d t h s labor fores, seasonally
adjusted
(Percent)

__
Quarterly averages
Measure

Monthly data
1993

1902

Jan.

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the civilian
labor force
—

2.5

2.6

2.8

2.6

2.5

2.6

3.7

as

U-2 Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.1

U-3 Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the dvilan
labor force for persons 25 years and over
-

6.0

6.2

6.2

6.1

5.7

5.8

U-4 Unemployed ful-tlme Jobeeekers as a percent d the ful-tlme civilian
labor force
—••

7.0

7.2

7.3

7.0

6.7

6.7

U*5a Total unemployed ae a percent of the labor force,
Including the resident Armed Force*

7.2

7A

7.4

72

6.9

7.0

7.3

7.5

7.5

7.3

7.0

7.1

10.0

10.1

10.B

11.0

U-5b Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor
U-6 Total ful-tlme Jobseekers plus 1/2 part-time jobeeekers plus 1/2 total
on part time for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian labor
force less 1/2 of the part-time labor force .....
U-7 Total ful-tlme jobeeekers plus 1/2 part-time Jobeeekers plus 1/2 total
on part time tor economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a
percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less
1/2 of the part-time labor force
-

N A - not available.




9.9

9.9

10.7

10.7

9.5

10.3

as

NA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

T a b l e A-8. U n e m p l o y e d persons by sex a n d age, seasonally adjusted

Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)

Sex and age

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years ......
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years ....
20 to 24 years ......
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and ever
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

-

-

-

..

..
..

Women, 16 years and over...»
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
...
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
..
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
1

Unerrployment rates1

Mar.
1992

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

9,284
2,856
1,347
600
757
1,509
6,385
5,688
682

8,876
2,872
1,345
580
757
1,527
5,998
5,343
663

8,864
2,767
1,318
662
663
1,449
6,058
5,407
637

7.3
14.0
20.2
23.2
18.5
11.0
6.0
6.3
4.4

7.3
14.1
20.2
23.8
17.9
11.1
6.0
6.3
4.7

7.3
13.9
19.2
21.8
17.8
11.3
6.0
6.3
4.6

7.1
14.0
19.7
24.0
16.2
11.1
5.8
6.0
4.5

7.0
14.0
19.6
21.3
18.3
11.2
5.6
5.8
4.3

7.0
13.6
19.5
24.3
16.4
10.6
5.7
5.9
4.2

5,360
1,664
767
344
433
897
3,665
3,201
439

4,997
1,574
742
330
410
832
3,429
3,039
394

5,160
1,553
725
355
377
828
3,572
3,133
414

7.8
15.6
22.1
25.4
20.2
12.5
6.3
6.5
5.0

7.6
15.1
21.1
25.1
18.5
12.2
6.3
6.5
5.0

7.5
14.7
20.5
22.6
19.3
11.8
6.2
6.4
5.1

7.1
14.7
20.9
26.0
16.7
11.8
5.8
6.0
4.6

7.2
14.5
20.6
23.0
18.9
11.4
5.9
6.1
4.5

7.4
14.4
20.2
24.1
17.7
11.5
6.1
6.3
4.8

3,924
1,192
580
256
324
612
2,720
2,487
243

3,879
1,299
603
250
347
696
2,569
2,304
269

3,704
1,214
593
307
286
621
2,485
2,274
222

6.8
12.3
18.2
20.7
16.7
9.4
5.7
6.0
3.7

6.9
12.9
19.1
22.4
17.2
9.8
5.7
5.9
4.3

7.0
13.0
17.7
21.0
16.2
10.6
5.8
6.2
3.9

7.0
13.1
18.5
21.7
15.6
10.4
5.8
6.0
4.3

6.7
13.4
18.6
19.4
17.6
10.8
5.3
5.5
4.0

6.4
12.7
18.8
24.6
15.0
9.7
5.1
5.4
3.4

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.

T a b l e A-9. E m p l o y m e n t status of male Vietnam-era veterans a n d nonveterans b y age, not seasonally adjusted
(Nurrbers In thousands)
Civilian labor force
Unemployed

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Veteran status
and age

Employed

Total

Number

Mar.
1992

Mar.
1992

Mar.
1993

Mar.
1992

Mar.
1993

Mar.
1992

Mar.
1993

7,845
6,338
999
2,810
2,529
1,507

7,914
6,055
798
2,389
2,868
1,859

7,083
5,942
928
2,640
2,374
1,141

7,103
5,661
747
2,241
2.673
1,441

6,669
5,591
863
2,494
2,234
1,078

6,690
5,332
672
2,102
2,558
1.359

413
351
65
146
140
62

19,043
8,619
6,097
4,327

20,083
8,955
6,637
4,491

17,751
8.144
5,658
3,950

18,662
8,430
6,175
4,057

16,563
7.567
5,282
3,714

17,433
7,864
5,805
3,764

1,188
577
375
236

Percent of
labor force

Mar.
1993

Mar.
1992

Mar.
1993

412
330
75
139
115
83

5.8
5.9
7.0
5.5
5.9
5.5

5.8
5.8
10.1
6.2
4.3
5.8

1.229
566
370
294

6.7
7.1
6.6
6.0

6.6
6.7
6.0
72

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 35 years and over...
35 to 49 years 35 lo 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 years and over
NONVETERANS
Total, 35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years ..
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years ..

..
..

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served In the Armed Forces
between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men who have




never served In the Armed Forces,

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Employment status of the civilian population for 11 large states

(Numbers in thousands)

Not seasonally adjusted1
State and employment status

Seasonally adjusted2

Mar.
1992

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

22,777
14,966
13,660
1,305
8.7

23,247
15,291
13,714
1,577
10.3

23,291
15,217
13,741
1,476
9.7

22,777
15,086
13,808
1,279
8.5

23,120
15,283
13,757
1,526
10.0

23,167
15,366
13,863
1,503
9.8

23,205
15,242
13,801
1,441
9.5

23,247
15,405
13,899
1,506
9.8

23,291
15,342
13,894
1,447
9.4

10,523
6,451
5,927
524
8.1

10,748
6,619
6,155
463
7.0

10,769
6,637
6,192
445
6.7

10,523
6,479
5,936
544
8.4

10,687
6,573
6,068
505
7.7

10,710
6,586
6,109
477
7.2

10,729
6,644
6,125
519
7.8

10,748
6,714
6,263
451
6.7

.10,769
6,668
6,206
462
6.9

8,950
6,056
5,559
497
8.2

8,999
6,022
5,515
507
8.4

9,004
6,038
5,516
522
8.6

8,950
6,089
5,603
485
8.0

8,986
6,138
5,739
399
6.5

8,992
6,205
5,773
432
7.0

8,995
6,061
5,668
393
6.5

8,999
6,039
5,560
479
7.9

9,004
6,069
5,560
510
8.4

4,627
3,137
2,823
315
10.0

4,635
3,131
2,870
261
8.3

4,637
3,171
2,930
242
7.6

4,627
3,138
2,859
279
8.9

4,634
3,129
2,852
277
8.9

4,635
3,139
2,868
271
8.6

4,635
3,200
2,937
264
8.2

4,635
3,143
2,901
241
7.7

4,637
3,170
2,966
204
6.4

7,031
4,590
4,132
459
10.0

7,053
4,554
4,212
342
7.5

7,056
4,529
4,205
324
7.1

7,031
4,616
4,190
426
9.2

7,048
4,626
4,256
370
8.0

7,051
4,609
4,239
369
8.0

7,052
4,590
4,264
326
7.1

7,053
4,584
4,274
309
6.8

7,056
4,548
4,259
289
6.3

6,025
4,045
3,742
303
7.5

6,029
3,899
3,576
323
8.3

6,030
3,942
3,606
336
8.5

6,025
4,025
3,733
292
7.3

6,029
3,998
3,651
348
8.7

6,030
4,008
3,676
332
8.3

6,030
3,930
3,640
290
7.4

6,029
3,915
3,609
306
7.8

6,030
3,922
3,597
325
8.3

13,805
8,450
7,736
715
8.5

13,819
8,580
7,847
733
8.5

13,821
8,542
7,891
651
7.6

13,805
8,526
7,835
692
8.1

13,816
8,531
7,831
700
8.2

13,820
8,584
7,858
726
8.5

13,819
8,607
7,877
731
8.5

13,819
8,635
7,946
688
8.0

13,821
8,614
7,985
629
7.3

California
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Florida
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployment rate

Illinois
Civilian noninstitutional population
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Massachusetts
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Michigan
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Unemployment rate

New Jersey
Civilian noninstitutional population
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

New York
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Employment status of the civilian population for 11 large states — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)
Seasonally adjusted2

Not seasonally adjusted1
State and employment status

Mar.
1992

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993

Mar.
1993

5,107
3,417
3,200
217
6.4

5,170
3,468
3,271
197
5.7

5,176
3,457
3,268
190
5.5

5,107
3,465
3,250
215
6.2

5,153
3,530
3,323
207
5.9

5,160
3,521
3,325
197
5.6

5,165
3,524
3,332
192
5.4

5,170
3,504
3,321
183
5.2

5,176
3,506
3,319
187
5.3

8,331
5,469
5,041
429
7.8

8,364
5,420
4,997
423
7.8

8,367
5,438
5,040
398
7.3

8,331
5,515
5,124
391
7.1

8,355
5,420
5,015
405
7.5

8,360
5,439
5,043
395
7.3

8,362
5,508
5,122
386
7.0

8,364
5,495
5,126
369
6.7

8,367
5,483
5,126
357
6.5

9,433
5,901
5,451
450
7.6

9,466
5,996
5,507
489
8.2

9,469
5,901
5,478
423
7.2

9,433
5,976
5,536
440
7.4

9,457
6,057
5,616
441
7.3

9,462
6,031
5,588
442
7.3

9,464
6,024
5,570
453
7.5

9,466
6,008
5,586
422
7.0

9,469
5,975
5,564
411
6.9

12,647
8,699
8,057
642
7.4

12,807
8,663
7,960
703
8.1

12,822
8,677
8,098
580
6.7

12,647
8,742
8,088
654
7.5

12,764
8,747
8,082
666
7.6

12,781
8,798
8,124
674
7.7

12,793
8,762
8,081
682
7.8

12,807
8,716
8,060
656
7.5

12,822
8,713
8,124
589
6.8

North Carolina
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

.

Ohio
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Pennsylvania
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Texas
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics1 estimates used in the
administration of Federal fund allocation programs.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore.




identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted
columns.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Tabid A-11. Parsons not In the labor force by reason, sex, and race, quarterly averages
(In thousands)

Not seasonally
adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Reason, sex, and race
1992

1993

1

t

1

1992

65,470

66,389

59,211
8,451
4,964
22,046
19,641
4,108

59,847
8,384
5,286
21,188
20,749
4,240

6,260
1,687
1,025
1,306
1,144
873
271
1,099

1993
IV

1

64,443

64,978

65,516

58,227
6,594
5,193
21,459
20,395
4,586

58,956
6,836
5,177
21,108
20,893
4,942

59,115
6,756
5,396
21,345
20,843
4,775

6,147
1,494
1,094
1,176
1,126
819
307
1,257

6,209
1.620
1,171
1,187
1,084
702
383
1,147

6,378
1,499
1,119
1,352
1.134
799
335
1,273

II

III

64,634

64,283

58,399
6,821
5,060
22,176
19,734
4,609

58,156
6,641
4,973
22,077
19,947
4,519

6,542
1,682
1,099
1,336
1,198
855
343
1,227

6.068
1,493
1,041
1,325
1,077
814
263
1,133

6,291
1,763
1,036
1,259
1,118
773
345
1,115

TOTAL
Total not in labor force

-

Do not want a Job now
Current activity: Going to school
ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired
Other activity

Reason nottooking:School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job
Job-market factors

..

Men
22,881

23,414

22,424

22,131

22,252

22,598

22,900

20,659

21,008

20,041

19,794

20,066

20,447

20,397

2,223
793
468
500
462

2,406
806
524
560
517

2,187
713
516
475
483

2,354
862
496
527
469

2,290
686
545
523
536

2,242
728
527
489
499

2,391
729
580
539
543

42,589

42,975

42,210

42,153

42,192

42,381

42,616

38,552

38,839

38,358

38,363

38,161

38,509

38,718

4,037
894
558
1,305
644
637

4,136
876
575
1,336
638
711

3,881
779
525
1,325
602
650

3,937
901
540
1,259
591
646

3,857
808
550
1,176
603
720

3,967
892
644
1,187
595
648

3,987
770
539
1,352
595
730

54,779

55,378

54,067

53,941

54,089

54,418

54,611

50,204

50,667

49,543

49.484

49,551

49,946

50,000

4,547
1,217
741
956
761
872

4,743
1,162
802
966
822
990

4,413
1,077
722
968
733
913

4,486
1,174
792
910
751
859

4,572
1,054
825
895
808
991

4,553
1,185
899
869
693
907

4,610
1,021
779
975
797
1,039

-

8,273

8,481

8,099

8,034

7.970

8,170

8,295

-

6,799

7,019

6,671

6,582

6,566

6.730

6,887

1,474
391
250
312
339
182

1,462
411
249
319
303
179

1,467
351
262
322
337
194

1,483
456
220
296
317
194

1,371
389
246
252
264
220

1,375
349
248
263
308
207

1,459
367
266
332
302
192

Total, not in labor force
Do not want a job now

-

Reason not looking: School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

-

Women

Do not want a job now

-

Reason not looking: School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons

-

White
Total, not in labor force

..................

Ill hearth, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

Black
Total, not in labor force
Do not want a Job now

—

Ill health, disability
Home responsbilities
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons1

1
Indude* small number of man not looking for work because of "home
responsibilities/




NOTE: Detail may n « add to not-in-labor force totals because of the weighting
procedures.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Tablo B-1. Employ005 on nonfarm payrolls b> industry
(In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Mar.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993P

Mar.
1993P

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993P

Mar.
1993P

107,359 107,352 107,904 108,320 108,200 108,646 108,752 108,865 109,232 109,210

Total

88,730

88,932

89,263

89,693

89,961

90,067

90,201

90,546

90,536

22.987

22,726

22,714

22,757

23,532

23,280

23,263

23,267

23,368

23,303

639
360.7

606
345.0

591
336.0

597
334.8

651
366

622
345

619
346

616
347

604
339

607
338

4,226
1,043.8

4,181
1,027.2

4,187
1,022.3

4,221
1,018.5

4,603
1,115

4,590
1,093

4,582
1.084

4,559
1,086

4,652
1,099

4,593
1.087

18,122
12,263

17,939
12,185

17,936
12,194

17,939
12,211

18,278
12.406

18,068
12,274

18,062
12,284

18,092
12,342

18,112
12,350

18,103
12,349

10,348
6,843

10,185
6,782

10,176
6,784

10,180
6,798

10,417
6.909

10,247
6,819

10,238
6,822

10,265
6,867

10,272
6,867

10,254
6,857

668.9
463.4
504.4
706.6
256.1
1,329.6
1,951.8
1,550.2
1,855.8
807.9
954.2
363.4

679.1
462.3
498.0
692.4
244.6
1,322.0
1,934.2
1,538.3
1,783.4
826.8
918.6
356.6

682.7
462.7
504.1
690.4
243.7
1,321.5
1.934.9
1,536.4
1,766.9
820.0
916.2
360.1

685.3
463.2
506.2
689.9
242.9
1,321.4
1,937.3
1,537.9
1,760.4
822.0
914.1
363.8

689
465
518
710
258
1,342
1,948
1,560
1,863
814
956
366

695
461
518
695
248
1,323
1,935
1,537
1,790
818
927
366

697
462
519
693
245
1.323
1.933
1,537
1,788
823
921
365

696
463
517
694
244
1,331
1,936
1.540
1,805
874
920
363

704
466
525
695
245
1,335
1,933
1,544
1,788
841
918
364

703
466
521
693
244
1,335
1,933
1,547
1.773
835
916
367

7,774
5,420

7,754
5,403

7,760
5,410

7,759
5,413

7,861
5,497

7,821
5,455

7,824
5,462

7.827
5,475

7,840
5,483

7.849
5,492

1,613.8
48.1
676.3
1,021.1
682.6
1,519.1
1,067.8
153.4
870.1
121.8

1,625.4
52.3
673.1
994.5
681.8
1,516.9
1,062.5
147.5
881.0
118.6

1,620.8
49.7
673.4
1,001.6
681.0
1,518.2
1,062.5
148.1
884.2
120.3

1,615.2
46.4
671.3
1,003.0
680.5
1,518.8
1,065.0
148.5
889.5
120.5

1,671
49
682
1,025
687
1,519
1,071
157
877
123

1,664
47
675
1,006
688
1,518
1.069
152
880
122

1,664
49
678
1.004
686
1,520
1,068
151
883
121

1,671
49
676
1,004
685
1,515
1,068
152
887
120

1,674
48
678
1,005
685
1,520
1,066
152
891
121

1,674
48
677
1.006
685
1,520
1,068
152
897
122

84,372

84,626

85,190

85,563

84,668

85,366

85,489

85,598

85,864

85.907

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communications and public utilities

5,688
3,471
2.217

5,700
3,500
2,200

5,692
3.494
2.198

5,708
3,509
2,199

5,754
3,524
2,230

5,732
3,517
2,215

5,742
3,531
2,211

5,763
3,550
2.213

5,765
3,554
2,211

5,772
3,562
2,210

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

5,949
3,436
2,513

5,941
3,410
2.531

5.941
3,410
2.531

5,958
3,418
2,540

5,997
3,453
2,544

5,976
3,424
2,552

5,970
3,418
2,552

5,995
3,431
2,564

6,004
3,434
2,570

6,006
3,435
2,571

18,691
2,249.8
3,137.7
1,977.7
6,289.5

18,939
2,281.9
3,163.6
2,014.5
6,329.8

18,860 18,930
2,199.5 2,181.7
3,153.0 3,147.5
2,018.1 2,032.0
6,397.9 6,508.9

19,092
2,344
3,179
2,004
6,431

19,116
2,262
3,165
2,023
6.536

19,162
2,255
3,168
2.034
6,579

19.227
2.228
3.176
2,041
6,621

19,363
2,270
3,188
2,053
6,651

19,356
2,273
3,192
2,059
6,662

6,634
3,218
2,149
1,267

6,625
3,251
2,116
1,258

6,631
3,253
2,116
1,262

6,675
3,224
2,149
1,302

6,669
3,243
2,129
1,297

6,677
3,251
2,124
1,302

6,682
3,264
2,116
1,302

6,680
3,260
2,115
1,305

6.673
3,260
2,116
1,297

28,528
5,096.2
8,379.0

28,799
5,336.0
8,572.0

29,102 29,279
5,357.2 5,415.9
8,597.1 8,614.7

28,643
5,174
8,387

29,188
5,427
8,561

29,253
5,458
8,580

29,267
5,445
8,589

29,366
5,478
8,614

29,426
5,515
8,623

88,477

Total private
Goods-producing industries
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors
Manufacturing
Production workers

„...

Durable goods
Production workers
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products ...
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing industries

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate
Services
Business services
Health services
See footnotes at end of table.




6,623
3,250
2,115
1,258

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry - Continued
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Government
Federal
State
Local

Seasonally adjusted

Mar.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993P

Mar.
1993P

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993P

Mar.
1993P

18,882
2,974
4,467
11,441

18,622
2,922
4,350
11,350

18,972
2,923
4,492
11,557

19,057
2,907
4,514
11,636

18,507
2,989
4,345
11,173

18,685
2,940
4,384
11,361

18,685
2,971
4,389
11,325

18,664
2,943
4,394
11,327

18,686
2,938
4,395
11,353

18,674
2,916
4,395
11,363

P « preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
1

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or noneupervlsory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Mar.
1992

Jan.
1993

34.3

Mining

Seasonally adjusted

Feb.
1993P

Mar.
1993P

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993P

Mar.
1993P

34.0

34.2

34.1

34.5

34.6

34.3

34.5

34.4

34.3

43.8

44.1

43.7

43.1

44.3

44.3

43.7

44.3

43.9

43.5

Construction

37.3

36.1

36.7

37.6

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Manufacturing
Overtime hours

40.9
3.5

41.1
3.8

41.1
3.8

40.9
3.7

41.1
3.8

41.2
3.9

41.2
3.9

41.4
4.0

41.5
4.3

41.2
3.9

Durable goods
Overtime hours

41.4
3.5

41.7
3.8

41.7
3.9

41.7
3.8

41.6
3.7

41.8
3.9

41.8
3.9

42.0
4.1

42.2
4.4

41.9
4.1

40.6
39.5
41.4
42.7
43.0
41.3
42.2
41.1
41.7
42.0
41.2
39.9

39.8
39.8
41.0
43.6
43.9
41.7
42.9
41.7
42.1
42.7
41.3
39.4

40.2
39.5
41.4
43.5
43.9
41.7
42.8
41.6
42.3
43.3
41.0
39.5

40.0
39.5
41.6
43.2
43.8
41.6
42.8
41.3
42.4
43.6
41.3
39.7

41.0
40.1
42.0
43.0
43.5
41.6
42.2
41.2
42.0
42.5
41.2
40.0

40.9
40.1
42.3
43.0
43.1
41.8
42.8
41.6
41.8
42.3
41.3
40.0

40.4
39.9
42.1
43.4
43.6
41.8
42.6
41.5
42.4
43.5
41.1
39.8

40.5
40.2
42.2
43.7
44.0
42.0
42.9
41.7
42.6
43.7
41.4
39.8

40.9
40.3
42.5
44.0
44.6
42.2
42.9
41.9
42.9
44.5
40.9
39.9

40.2
39.9
42.3
43.5
44.4
41.9
42.8
41.4
42.7
44.3
41.3
39.7

40.2
3.6

40.4
3.7

40.2
3.7

40.0
3.5

40.5
3.9

40.5
3.9

40.5
3.9

40.7
3.9

40.7
4.2

40.3
3.8

40.0
39.1
40.8
37.2
43.2
38.2
43.1
43.9
41.5
37.2

40.3
38.6
41.3
37.3
43.5
37.9
43.0
44.1
42.0
39.0

40.0
37.2
41.1
37.3
43.2
38.0
42.8
43.9
42.0
39.1

39.9
36.1
39.6
37.1
42.9
38.2
42.8
45.3
41.5
38.7

40.7
(2)
41.3
37.4
43.6
38.1
43.1
(2)
41.7
37.6

40.8
(2)
41.1
37.6
43.4
38.1
42.9
(2)
41.8
39.2

40.6
(2)
41.5
37.4
43.4
38.0
42.9
(2)
41.9
38.6

40.6
(2)
41.8
37.6
43.5
38.2
43.0
(2)
42.2
39.5

40.8
(2)
41.9
37.6
43.7
38.2
43.0
(2)
42.3
39.7

40.5
(2)
40.1
37.3
43.3
38.1
42.9
(2)
41.8
39.2

Transportation and public utilities

38.2

38.9

39.1

39.3

38.5

39.5

39.1

39.5

39.4

39.7

Wholesale trade

Total private

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
...
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours

.

Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

38.2

37.9

37.9

37.8

38.3

38.5

38.0

38.2

38.1

37.9

Retail trade

28.4

28.0

28.2

27.8

28.8

29.0

28.7

28.8

28.8

28.2

Finance, insurance, and real estate

36.2

35.7

35.7

35.6

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Services

32.5

32.1

32.3

32.3

32.6

32.6

32.3

32.4

32.3

32.4

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;
construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services. These groups account for
approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private nonfarm
payrolls.




2
These series are not published seasonally adjusted since the
seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular
components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient
precision.
P - preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by industry
Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Industry

Mar.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993P

Mar.
1993P

Total private
Seasonally adjusted

$10.54
10.55

$10.78
10.73

$10.78
10.75

Mining

14.54

14.69

14.58

Construction

14.03

14.16

Manufacturing

11.36

11.61

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

11.92
9.34
8.89
11.49
13.48
15.61
11.34
12.33
10.92
14.99
15.21
11.84
9.11

12.19
9.45
9.14
11.67
13.76
15.99
11.53
12.61
11.14
15.43
15.52
12.13
9.33

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

10.63
10.13
16.76
8.51
6.87
12.95
11.68
14.26
17.96
10.27
7.44

Mar.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993P

Mar.
1993P

$10.81
10.80

$361.52
363.98

$366.52
370.19

$368.68
369.80

$368.62
370.44

14.67

636.85

647.83

637.15

632.28

14.07

14.19

523.32

511.18

516.37

533.54

11.60

11.63

464.62

477.17

476.76

475.67

12.19
9.51
9.12
11.70
13.81
16.23
11.53
12.61
11.10
15.46
15.55
12.12
9.32

12.20
9.48
9.09
11.73
13.79
16.18
11.54
12.58
11.12
15.56
15.72
12.16
9.30

493.49
379.20
351.16
475.69
575.60
671.23
468.34
520.33
448.81
625.08
638.82
487.81
363.49

508.32
376.11
363.77
478.47
599.94
701.96
480.80
540.97
464.54
649.60
662.70
500.97
367.60

508.32
382.30
360.24
484.38
600.74
712.50
480.80
539.71
461.76
653.96
673.32
496.92
368.14

508.74
379.20
359.06
487.97
595.73
708.68
480.06
538.42
459.26
659.74
685.39
502.21
369.21

10.86
10.30
15.55
8.80
7.05
13.18
11.85
14.69
18.34
10.55
7.46

10.85
10.29
16.20
8.82
7.04
13.20
11.83
14.68
18.37
10.56
7.46

10.88
10.30
16.85
8.75
7.06
13.24
11.90
14.68
18.73
10.52
7.46

427.33
405.20
655.32
347.21
255.56
559.44
446.18
614.61
788.44
426.21
276.77

438.74
415.09
600.23
363.44
262.97
573.33
449.12
631.67
808.79
443.10
290.94

436.17
411.60
602.64
362.50
262.59
570.24
449.54
628.30
806.44
443.52
291.69

435.20
410.97
608.29
346.50
261.93
568.00
454.58
628.30
848.47
436.58
288.70

511.12

529.43

532.15

537.62

Transportation and public utilities

13.38

13.61

13.61

13.68

Wholesale trade

11.34

11.61

11.62

11.61

433.19

440.02

440.40

438.86

7.11

7.26

7.25

7.27

201.92

203.28

204.45

202.11

Finance, insurance, and real estate

10.80

11.14

11.20

11.20

390.96

397.70

399.84

398.72

Services

10.53

10.81

10.82

10.81

342.23

347.00

349.49

349.16

Retail trade

1

See footnote 1, table B-2.

P * preliminary.

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers 1 on private nonfarm payrolls by
Industry, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Total private:
Current dollars
Constant (1982) dollars2
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Excluding overtime4
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
1

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993P

Mar.
1993P

Percent
change
from:
Feb. 1993Mar. 1993

$10.55
7.46
14.50
14.06
11.37
10.87
13.41
11.35
7.12
10.78
10.50

$10.71
7.43
14.67
14.20
11.54
11.02
13.65
11.53
7.19
11.09
10.68

$10.69
7.40
14.46
14.16
11.57
11.04
13.57
11.47
7.20
11.00
10.66

$10.73
7.40
14.54
14.12
11.60
11.09
13.58
11.59
7.22
11.10
10.73

$10.75
7.39
14.49
14.14
11.63
11.08
13.56
11.59
7.24
11.11
10.74

$10.80
N.A.
14.61
14.22
11.64
11.10
13.71
11.61
7.26
11.16
10.77

0.5
(3)
.8
.6
.1
.2
1.1
.2
.3
.5
.3

See footnote 1, table B-2.
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners
and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this
series.
3
Change was -.1 percent from January 1993 to
2




February 1993, the latest month available.
4
Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at
the rate of time and one-half.
N.A.» not available.
P = preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
1

Table B-5. Indaxaa of aggregate weekly hour* of produetlon or nonauparviaory workera on private nonfarm payrolls
by Induatry
(1982*100)
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Seasonally adjusted

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993P

Mar.
1993P

Mar.
1992

Nov.
1992

Dec.
1992

Jan.
1993

Feb.
1993P

Mar.
1993P

118.3 118.0

118.9

119.0

121.0

122.1

121.3

122.0

122.5

121.9

99.6

98.7

98.8

99.3

103.5

102.6

102.6

103.0

104.1

103.3

56.2

53.9

51.7

51.6

58.3

55.9

54.7

55.3

53.5

53.2

Construction

106.7 102.2

104.1

107.8

120.6

119.8

120.0

117.8

123.2

122.4

Manufacturing

101.0 101.0

101.0

100.8

102.9

102.1

102.1

103.1

103.4

102.6

Total private
Goods-producing industries
Mining

Mar.
1992

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, day, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Industrial machinery and equipment
Electronic and other electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

98.2
117.2
113.5
97.1
86.0
74.4
99.8
90.9
100.0
111.8
125.0
82.5
98.9

98.0
117.2
114.1
94.6
86.9
73.2
100.8
92.3
101.2
110.3
131.0
79.2
94.5

98.1
119.2
113.6
97.0
86.5
72.9
100.6
92.3
100.9
109.6
131.8
78.7
96.2

98.2
119.0
113.5
97.9
86.1
72.5
100.3
92.6
100.8
109.7
132.9
79.1
97.7

99.7
122.6
115.7
101.6
87.2
75.7
101.7
90.4
100.9
114.0
129.3
82.8
100.1

98.8
123.6
114.4
102.3
85.7
72.7
101.2
92.0
101.1
109.1
127.8
79.6
98.6

98.8
122.5
114.5
102.1
86.5
72.8
100.9
91.5
100.9
110.8
132.5
78.9
98.1

100.0
122.6
115.7
101.8
87.3
73.5
102.5
92.3
101.2
115.1
143.2
79.5
97.4

100.4
125.5
116.6
104.3
88.1
74.5
103.2
92.3
102.3
113.0
139.6
78.7
98.4

99.5
123.1
115.4
102.8
87.2
74.1
102.3
92.0
101.5
111.6
137.5
79.3
98.3

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

105.1
104.4
69.3
98.3
93.4
108.0
124.0
99.9
82.9
126.0
56.5

105.3
106.9
76.7
98.5
91.0
108.9
122.6
97.8
80.3
129.4
57.1

105.0
105.6
69.3
98.0
91.8
108.1
122.9
97.6
80.5
129.9
58.0

104.5
105.0
61.5
94.1
91.5
107.4
124.0
98.3
83.1
129.5
57.6

107.4
111.1
72.4
100.6
94.2
109.9
123.6
100.0
86.3
127.6
57.8

106.6
111.4
64.8
98.5
92.7
109.4
123.2
98.0
84.4
128.5
59.6

106.7
110.9
72.2
99.8
92.3
109.2
123.2
98.1
83.0
129.2
57.5

107.4
111.6
71.2
100.2
93.0
109.7
123.5
98.5
86.1
131.1
58.2

107.8
112.3
68.3
100.6
92.9
110.2
124.0
98.4
84.2
132.3
59.2

106.8
111.5
65.0
96.0
92.4
109.4
123.6
98.7
86.3
131.5
59.0

126.6 126.7

127.9

127.9

128.9

130.8

129.6

130.6

130.7

130.2

110.5 113.4

113.8

114.5

112.9

115.7

114.9

116.6

116.4

117.4
112.5

Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utilities

111.6 110.9

111.0

111.2

112.8

113.6

112.0

113.1

113.1

114.6 114.6

115.1

113.6

119.1

120.1

119.2

120.1

121.0

118.3

Finance, insurance, and real estate

119.4 118.1

118.0

118.2

120.5

121.4

118.9

119.8

119.1

119.0

Services

146.7 146.6

149.1

149.8

147.9

150.8

149.8

150.5

150.5

151.1

Wholesale trade

1

See footnote 1, table B-2.




p

- preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Diffusion Indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1

Over 1-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

59.1
37.9
43.5
55.1

58.8
37.6
47.9
Pfel.1

53.8
36.1
47.5
P48.6

46.9
41.3
58.4

49.3
50.7
51.4

47.8
45.1
45.2

43.5
48.7
49.6

41.4
51.4
42.6

40.3
50.0
49.9

40.2
47.1
50.1

38.2
46.8
49.7

37.1
46.9
53.7

Over 3-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

61.2
31.3
44.8
P63.2

61.1
28.7
44.1
P58.1

54.8
31.7
53.2

48.0
38.3
54.9

45.6
41.0
54.4

45.2
45.6
47.6

40.9
48.0
41.6

35.7
51.4
44.4

33.8
48.5
44.1

33.1
46.3
48.2

32.6
44.4
51.8

32.3
42.7
55.2

Over 6-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

58.6
27.9
47.8

55.1
29.2
50.6

54.2
28.2
49.7

50.0
33.0
51.1

43.7
38.9
47.3

39.0
44.0
49.3

37.2
47.2
42.8

34.7
46.3
42.0

31.9
46.9
46.2

30.6
46.1
47.6

29.1
44.0
P56.6

27.9
43.4
P56.3

Over 12-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

53.7
27.4
49.2

51.4
28.5
44.1

48.9
28.1
45.2

46.6
29.9
43.8

43.0
32.2
44.9

40.0
33.4
45.6

37.1
35.7
47.6

33.7
39.0
P54.1

32.3
42.8
P51.4

30.6
46.3

28.9
47.6

27.7
47.8

Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

47.8
35.6
39.6
52.2

51.1
33.5
43.9
P57.6

48.2
30.6
43.2
P48.6

45.3
40.6
57.6

41.7
46.0
46.4

42.8
43.9
42.4

39.9
49.6
51.4

36.7
50.7
36.7

34.2
42.8
45.7

33.5
46.4
39.2

29.5
45.3
51.1

31.7
46.0
48.9

Over 3-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

48.6
23.4
37.8
P57.6

49.3
21.6
36.3
P57.6

48.6
21.6
48.9

41.0
32.4
49.3

37.8
36.3
50.4

37.1
43.5
46.4

32.4
52.2
35.6

27.7
49.6
36.7

25.2
46.4
31.7

21.9
42.4
40.6

19.8
42.1
43.2

22.7
37.4
52.2

Over 6-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

45.3
17.3
41.4

41.4
20.5
43.2

41.7
21.9
41.4

42.8
25.9
47.8

33.1
34.9
41.7

29.5
40.6
42.4

23.7
45.3
29.9

21.2
44.6
30.9

18.7
45.3
33.1

19.4
39.9
35.3

18.0
36.0
P48.6

16.2
36.0
P51.4

Over 12-month span:
1990
1991
1992
1993

35.3
17.6
42.8

32.7
19.4
32.4

31.7
18.0
34.9

32.7
19.4
30.6

26.3
24.1
32.4

23.4
25.2
33.8

23.0
25.9
35.3

19.4
28.8
P43.5

18.3
37.4
P43.9

15.8
40.6

14.7
41.4

15.5
38.1

Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans
and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within
the span.
P ^preliminary.




NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment
increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment,
where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with
increasing and decreasing employment.