Full text of The Employment Situation : March 1987
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Bureau of Labor Statistics
#
Washington, D.C. 20212
Technical information: (202) 523-1371
523-1944
523-1959
Media contact:
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USDL
87-137
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS
RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL
8:30 A.M. (EST), FRIDAY,
APRIL 3, 1987
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:
MARCH 1987
The number of jobs on nonfarm payrolls rose slightly in March,
unemployment was about unchanged, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of
U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The overall unemployment rate
6.5 percent and the civilian rate was 6.6 percent; these rates had been
and 6.7 percent, respectively, for 3 consecutive months.
and
the
was
6.6
Nonagricultural payroll employment—as measured by the survey of
business establishments—edged up by 165,000 in March, following several
months of more substantial increases.
Civilian employment—as measured
through the household survey—was unchanged in March, after also showing
large increases in recent months.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
Both the number of unemployed persons—7.9 million in March—and the
civilian worker unemployment rate—6.6 percent—were little changed from
their February marks, after seasonal adjustment. Likewise, jobless rates
for most of the major labor force groups showed little or no over-the-month
change. March's unemployment rates for adult men (5.8 percent), adult
women (5.8 percent), teenagers (18.1 percent), whites (5.6 percent), blacks
(13.9 percent), and Hispanics (9.0 percent) were either the same or little
different from February. Jobless rates have declined, however, for most of
these groups over the past year. (See tables A-2 and A-3.)
The
number
of
persons
employed
part
time
for
economic
reasons—sometimes referred to as the partially unemployed—decreased by
325,000 in March to 5.5 million, following a rise of a similar magnitude in
February. (See table A-4.)
Civilian Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
Civilian employment, at 111.4 million in March, was unchanged after
seasonal adjustment.
There were no substantive over-the-month changes
among any of the major demographic groups. At 61.1 percent, the proportion
of the civilian population with jobs edged down 0.1 percentage point from
its record high of the prior month. Over the past 12 months, civilian
employment has risen by 2.6 million.
About half of the increase has
occurred within the managerial and professional occupations, and one-fifth
- 2has taken place in sales
tables A-2, A-3, and A-ll.)
and administrative support occupations. (See
The civilian labor force was also unchanged over the month, and the
labor force participation rate edged down to 65.4 percent. Over the year,
the labor force has risen by 2.0 million.
Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
Monthly data
Quarterly
averages
Feb.Mar.
change
Category
1986
1987
IV
I
1987
1
Jan.
1
| Feb.
| Mar.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Total employment 1/..
Civilian labor force...
Civilian employment..
Discouraged workers..
120,308
112,170
118,558
110,420
8,138
62,807
1,127
Thousands of
120,943 120,782
112,995 112,759
119,202 119,034
111,254 111,011
7,948
8,023
62,800
62,793
N.A.
1,168
persons
121,089 120,958
-131
113,122 113,104
-18
119,349 119,222 - -127
-14
111,382 111,368
7,967
7,854 -113
308
62,649
62,957
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
Percent of '. .abor force
Unemployment rates:
All civilian workers.
White
Black
Hispanic origin....
6.8
6.9
6.1
6.0
17.8
6.0
14.1
10.2
6.6
6.7
6.0
5.9
17.7
5.9
14.3
10.6
6.5
6.6
5.8
5.8
18.1
5.6
13.9
9.0
-0.1
-.1
-.1
0
.1
-.1
-.4
-.6
Thousands of jobs
101,072 pl01,838 101,626 p.101,862 pl02,026
24,892 p25,007
25,008 p25,040 p24,972
76,180 p76,831
76,618 p76,822 p77,054
pl64
p-68
p232
6.6
6.7
5.9
5.8
17.9
5.7
14.2
9.7
6.6
6.7
5.9
5.8
18.0
5.7
14.3
9.6
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Service-producing....
Hours of work
Average weekly hours:
34.7
40.8
3.5
P34.9
p41.0
p3.6
1/ Includes the resident Armed Forces.
p=preliminary.
34.8
41.0
3.6
p35.0
p4l.2
p3.6
p34.8
p40.9
p3.7
p-0.2
P-.3
P.l
N.A.=not available,
- 3 Discouraged Workers (Household Survey Data)
In the first quarter of 1987, there were 1.2 million discouraged
workers—persons who wanted to work but had not looked for jobs because
they believed that they could not find work.
The number of discouraged
workers has fluctuated between 1.1 and 1.3 million for the past 3 years.
Blacks and women continued to be disproportionately represented among the
discouraged. (See table A-14.)
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey)
Total nonagricultural employment rose by 165,000 in March, a modest
increase compared to those of the prior 6 months. Virtually all of the
over-the-month employment
gain
occurred
in
the
service-producing
industries.
(See table B-l.)
The services industry continued its strong expansion, with a 75,000
increase in jobs, two-thirds of which occurred in business and health
services. Employment growth also continued in finance, insurance, and real
estate.
In retail trade, where there had been strong increases in the
prior 2 months (after seasonal adjustment), there was a relatively small
employment gain in March.
In the goods-producing sector, manufacturing employment edged down by
25,000. At 19.2 million, factory employment was about the same in March as
it was at the end of 1986.
Much of the over-the-month decline was
concentrated in motor vehicles and in electrical and electronic equipment;
each has lost about 30,000 jobs over the past year.
Construction
employment was down about 45,000, seasonally adjusted, but was still 50,000
above its year-end level. Mining employment changed little over the month,
and has experienced little further erosion since the rapid job losses that
occurred in its oil and gas extraction component during the first 9 months
of 1986.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory workers on
private
nonagricultural payrolls was down 0.2 hour to 34.8 hours,
seasonally adjusted, the same as the January level.
The manufacturing
workweek also reversed its increase of the prior month with a .decline of
0.3 hour to 40.9, still quite high by historical standards.
(See table
B-2.)
Due to the drop in hours, the index of aggregate weekly hours of
production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls
was down 0.4 percent to 120.4 (1977=100), seasonally adjusted.
The
manufacturing index fell by 0.8 percent to 93.8, reflecting both the
decline in hours and in employment. (See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly earnings rose 0.3 percent in March after allowance for
seasonality, while weekly earnings decreased 0.2 percent. Before seasonal
- 4 adjustment, hourly earnings increased by 1 cent to $8.90, and weekly
earnings were up by $1.23 to $307.94. Over the year, hourly earnings rose
by 17 cents and weekly earnings were up $5.01. (See table B-3.)
The Hourly Earnings Index (Establishment Survey Data)
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 171.8 (1977=100) in March,
seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.3 percent from February. For the 12
months ended in March, the increase was 2.0 percent. The HEI excludes the
effects of two types of changes unrelated to underlying wage rate
movements—fluctuations in manufacturing
overtime
and
interindustry
employment shifts.
In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI
increased 0.1 percent during the 12-month period ended in February.
(See
table B-4.)
The Employment Situation for April 1987 will
May 8, at 8:30 A.M. (EDT).
be
released
on
Friday,
Explanatory Note
This news release presents statistics from two major surveys,
the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the
Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey).
The household survey provides the information on the labor
force, total employment, and unemployment that appears in
the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample
survey of about 59,500 households that is conducted by the
Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected
from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies.
The sample includes 250,000 establishments employing over 38
million people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually
collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household
survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey
week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the
pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of technical
factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a
survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each
of these factors is explained below.
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment
sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Persons laid off from their
former jobs and awaiting recall and those expecting to report
to a job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be
counted as unemployed.
Coverage, definitions, and differences
between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are selected
so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population
16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is
classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.
Those who hold more than one job are classified according to
the job at which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all
as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or
on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether they were
paid or not. People are also counted as employed if they were
on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor and management, or personal reasons. Members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their
eligibility for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if
they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the survey week; they were available for work at
— The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees working at
more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be
counted separately for each appearance.
The labor force equals the sum of the number employed and
the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the
percentage of unemployed people in the labor force (civilian
plus the resident Armed Forces). Table A-5 presents a special
grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The
definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive
definition yields U-l and the most comprehensive yields U-7.
The overall unemployment rate is U-5a, while U-5b represents
the same measure with a civilian labor force base.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only
counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the
payroll records of nonagricultural firms. As a result, there are
many differences between the two surveys, among which are
the following:
— The household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a
larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture,
the self-employed, unpaid family workers, private household workers, and
members of the resident Armed Forces;
— The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed; the establishment survey does not;
• — The household survey is limited to those 16 years of age and older; the
establishment survey is not limited by age;
Other differences between the two surveys are described in
"Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and
Payroll Surveys,'' which may be obtained from the BLS upon
request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as
changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.
For example, the labor force increases by a large number each
June, when schools close and many young people enter the job
market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very
large; over the course of a year, for example, seasonality may
account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular
pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in economic activity or increases in the participation
of women in the labor force, easier to spot. To return to the
schoors-out example, the large number of people entering the
labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined.
However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can
be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the
seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
economic activity.
Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment
contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all
employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and
average hourly earnings include components based on the
employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the
components and combining them. The second procedure
usually yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figure
for the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted
civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed
Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally
adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and
the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of
the labor force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June period
and again for the July-December period. At the time the first
half year's factors are calculated (upon availability of data for
December), historical data for the previous 5-year period are
subject to revision. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment are calculated only once a year,
along with the introduction of new benchmarks which are
discussed at the end of the next section.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys
are subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the
number of people employed and the other estimates drawn
from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would
be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the
amount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other
factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the
chances are approximately 68 out of 100 that an estimate based
on the sample will differ by no more than the standard error
from the results of a complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will
differ by no more than 1.6 times the standard error from the
results of a complete census. At approximately the 90-percent
level of confidence—the confidence limits used by BLS in its
analyses—the error for the monthly change in total employment is on the order of plus or minus 328,000; for total
unemployment it is 220,000; and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage point. These figures do not
mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes but,
rather, that the chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that
the*"true" level or rate would not be expected to differ from
the estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the
data are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or
annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the
larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the
estimate of the size of the labor force is subject to less error
than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among
the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate of
adult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for
the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly
change in the jobless rate for men is .26 percentage point; for
teenagers, it is 1.25 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for-the 2 most current
months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these
estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the
returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are
revised. In other words, data for the month of September are
published in preliminary form in October and November and
in final form in December. To remove errors that build up
over time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes can be
measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in
the classification of industries and allow for the formation of
new establishments.
Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide variety of data
in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by
BLS. It is available for $4.50 per issue or $31.00 per year from
the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
20204. A check or money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of
the standard errors for the household survey data published in
this release. For unemployment and other labor force
categories, the standard errors appear in tables B through J of
its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the
data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual
amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P, and Q of that publication.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the population, Including.Armed Forces in the United States, by sex
(Numbers in thousands)
Seasonally adjusted1
t seasonally adjusted
Employment status and sex
Mar.
1986
Feb.
1987
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec .
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987
Mar .
1987
TOTAL
Noninstitutional population 2
Labor force2
Participation rate3
Total employed2
Employment-population ratio*
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*
Not in labor force
1 ,678
8,002
65.0
9,336
60.2
1 ,693
7,643
2,899
4,744
8,667
7.3
3,675
183,738
119,707
65.2
111,204
60.5
1 ,740
109,464
2,764
106,700
8,503
7.1
64,031
183,915
120,089
65.3
111,965
60.9
1 ,736
110,229
2,932
107,297
8,124
6.8
63,826
181,678
118,880
65.4
1 10,500
60.8
1 ,693
108,807
3,252
105,555
8,380
7.0
62,798
183,114
120,426
65.8
112,183
61 .3
1 ,751
110,432
3,215
107,217
8,243
6.8
62,688
183,297
120,336
65.7
112,387
61 .3
1 ,750
110,637
3,161
107,476
7,949
6.6
62,961
183,575
120,782
65.8
112,759
61 .4
1 ,748
111,011
3,145
107,866
8,023
6.6
62,793
183,738
121 ,089
65.9
1 13,122
61 .6
1 ,740
111,382
3,236
108,146
7,967
6.6
62,649
183,915
120,958
65.8
1 13,104
61 .5
1 ,736
1 11 ,368
3,284
108,084
7,854
6.5
62,957
87,035
66,154
76.0
61,226
70.3
1 ,540
59,686
4,928
7.4
88,099
66,898
75.9
61,921
70.3
1 ,584
60,337
4,976
7.4
88,186
66,984
76.0
62,291
70.6
1 ,575
60,716
4,693
7.0
87,035
66,793
76.7
62,221
71 .5
1 ,540
60,681
4,572
6.8
87,773
67,407
76.8
62,833
71 .6
1 ,592
61,241
4,574
6.8
87,868
67,425
76.7
62,986
71 .7
1 ,593
61,393
4,439
6.6
88,020
67,672
76.9
63,187
71 .8
1 ,591
61,596
4,484
6.6
88,099
67,764
76.9
63,335
71 .9
1 ,584
61,751
4,429
6.5
88,186
67,644
76.7
63,282
71 .8
1 ,575
61 ,707
4,362
6.4
94,643
51,849
54.8
48,110
50.8
153
47,957
3,739
7.2
95,639
52,809
55.2
49,282
51 .5
156
49,126
3,527
6.7
95,729
53,106
55.5
49,674
51 .9
161
49,513
3,432
6.5
94,643
52,087
55.0
48,279
51 .0
153
48,126
3,808
7.3
95,341
53,019
55.6
49,350
51 .8
159
49,191
3,669
6.9
95,429
52,911
55.4
49,401
51 .8
157
49,244
3,510
6.6
95,556
53,110
55.6
49,572
51 .9
157
49,415
3,538
6.7
95,639
53,325
55.8
49,787
52.1
156
49,631
3,538
6.6
95,729
53,314
55.7
49,822
52.0
161
49,661
3,492
6.6
Men, 16 years and over
Noninstitutional population 2
Labor force2
Participation rate8
Total employed2
Employment-population ratio4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate$
Women, 16 years and over
Noninstitutional population 2
Labor force2
Participation rate'
Total employed2
Employment-population ratio 4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate 1
1
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation;
therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
2
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
* Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
* Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident Armed
Forces).
4
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
Mar.
1986
Feb.
1987
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec .
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987
TOTAL
Civilian noninstltutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
—
179,985
116,309
64.6
107,643
59.8
8,667
7.5
181,998
117,967
64.8
109,464
60.1
8,503
7.2
182#179
118,353
65.0
110,229
60.5
8,124
6.9
179,985
117,187
65.1
108,807
60.5
8,380
7.2
181 ,363
118,675
65.4
110,432
60.9
8,243
6.9
181,547
118,586
65.3
1 10,637
60.9
7,949
6.7
181,827
119,034
65.5
111,011
61 .1
8,023
6.7
181,998
119,349
65.6
111,382
61 .2
7,967
6.7
78,236
60,908
77.9
56,730
72.5
2,177
54,553
4,178
6.9
79,216
61,548
77.7
57,356
72.4
2,061
55,296
4,192
6.8
79,303
61,693
77.8
57,752
72.8
2,201
55,551
3,941
6.4
78,236
61 ,177
78.2
57,388
73.4
2,389
54,999
3,789
6.2
78,874
61 ,703
78.2
57,883
73.4
2,303
55,580
3,820
6.2
78,973
61,826
78.3
58,101
73.6
2,289
55,812
3,725
6.0
79,132
61,948
78.3
58,227
73.6
2,254
55,974
3,720
6.0
79,216
61,973
78.2
58,325
73.6
2,300
56,024
3,648
5.9
87,263
48,060
55. 1
44,948
51 .5
529
44,420
3,111
6.5
88,237
49,148
55.7
46,232
52.4
535
45,697
2,916
5.9
88,321
49,374
55.9
46,531
52.7
530
46,001
2,843
5.8
87,263
48,065
55.1
44,934
51 .5
589
44,345
3,131
6.5
87,933
49,043
55.8
46,067
52.4
675
45,392
2,976
6.1
88,016
48,923
55.6
46,058
52.3
621
45,437
2,865
5.9
88,150
49,161
55.8
46,261
52.5
628
45,633
2,900
5.9
88,237
49,348
55.9
46,475
52.7
641
45,835
2,873
5.8
14,485
7,342
50.7
5,964
41 .2
194
5,771
1 ,378
18.8
14,546
7,271
50.0
5,875
40.4
168
5*707
1 ,396
19.2
14,555
7,287
50.1
5,946
40.9
202
5,745
1 ,34t
18.4
14,485
7,945
54.9
6,485
44.8
274
6,211
1 ,460
18.4
14,557
7,929
54.5
6,482
44.5
237
6,245
1 ,447
18.2
14,558
7,837
53.8
6,478
44.5
251
6,227
1 ,359
17.3
14,545
7,926
54.5
6,524
44.9
264
6,260
1 ,402
17.7
14,546
8,028
55.2
6,582
45.2
295
6,287
1 ,446
18,0
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstltutional population
Civilian laborforce
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Agriculture
Nonagricuitural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
—
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstltutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricuitural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstltutional population
Civilian laborforce
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 1 . . .
Agriculture
NonagrlQultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
' Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstltutional population,
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers In thousands)
Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Mar .
1986
Feb.
1987
Mar .
1987
Mar.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec .
1986
Jan .
1987
Feb.
1987
Mar .
1987
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population . .
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
155,005
100,558
64.9
93,984
60.6
6,574
6.5
156,431
101 ,809
65. 1
95,377
61 .0
6,432
6.3
156,561
102,137
65.2
96,032
61 .3
6, 105
6.0
155,005
101 ,208
65.3
94,955
61 .3
6,253
6.2
155,979
102,455
65.7
96,281
61 .7
6,174
6.0
156,111
102,503
65.7
96,533
61 .8
5,970
5.8
156,313
102,746
65.7
96,717
61 .9
6,029
5.9
156,431
102,893
65.8
96,995
62.0
5,898
5.7
156,561
102,797
65.7
96,998
62.0
5,799
5.6
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
53,386
78.3
50,108
73.5
3,278
6. 1
53,840
78. 1
50,540
73.3
3,300
6. 1
53,936
78.2
50,850
73.7
3,086
5.7
53,532
78.5
50,615
74.2
2,917
5.4
54,015
78.7
51,089
74.4
2,926
5.4
54,172
78.8
51,286
74.6
2,886
5.3
54,182
78.7
51,297
74.5
2,885
5.3
54,175
78.6
51 ,362
74.5
2,813
5.2
54,107
78.4
51 ,364
74.5
2,743
5. 1
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
40,828
54.5
38,522
51 .4
2,306
5.6
41 ,639
55. 1
39,576
52.3
2,062
5.0
41,834
55.3
39,839
52.7
1 ,995
4.8
40,826
54.5
38,519
51 .4
2,307
5.7
41 ,540
55.1
39,399
52.3
2,141
5.2
41 ,514
55.0
39,456
52.3
2,058
5.0
41,680
55.2
39,568
52.4
2,111
5.1
41 ,762
55.2
39,735
52.6
2,028
4.9
41,828
55.3
39,839
52.7
1 ,989
4.8
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
6,345
53.5
5,355
45.2
990
15.6
17.0
14.2
6,330
53.2
5,261
44.2
1 ,070
16.9
18.9
14.8
6,367
53.3
5,343
44.8
1 ,024
16.1
18.2
13.9
6,850
57.8
5,821
49. 1
1 ,029
15.0
15.9
14.1
6,900
58.0
5,793
48.7
1 ,107
16.0
16.3
15.7
6,817
57.3
5,791
48.7
1 ,026
15.1
15.5
14.6
6,885
57.8
5,852
49.2
1 ,033
15.0
16.1
13.8
6,955
58.4
5,898
49.5
1 ,057
15.2
16.0
14.3
6,862
57.5
5,795
48.5
1 ,067
15.5
17.1
13.9
19,889
12,479
62.7
10,643
53.5
1 ,836
14.7
20,218
12,696
62.8
10,872
53.8
1 ,824
14.4
20,249
12,687
62.7
10,927
54.0
1 ,760
13.9
19,889
12,634
63.5
10,770
54.2
1 ,864
14.8
20,120
12,719
63.2
10,910
54.2
1 ,809
14.2
20,152
12,707
63.1
54.4
1 ,739
13.7
20,187
12,831
63.6
10,997
54.5
1 ,833
14.3
20,218
12,957
64. 1
11,101
54.9
1 ,855
14.3
20,249
12,844
63.4
11 ,053
54.6
1 ,791
13.9
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
5,858
74.5
5,081
64.6
777
13.3
5,927
74.0
5, 166
64.5
761
12.8
5,949
74.2
5,236
65.3
713
12.0
5,902
75.1
5,149
65.5
753
12.8
5,934
74.5
5,171
65.0
763
12.9
5,947
74.5
5,244
65.7
703
1 1 .8
5,986
74.9
5,256
65.7
730
12.2
6,012
75. 1
5,288
66.0
724
12.0
5,997
74.8
5,305
66. 1
692
11.5
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
5,787
58.5
5,082
51 .4
705
12.2
5,991
59.5
5,218
51 .9
773
12.9
5,971
59.3
5,21 1
51 .7
760
12.7
5,799
58.6
5,084
51 .4
715
12.3
5,943,
59.3
5,200
51 .9
743
12.5
5,907
58.9
5,182
51 .7
725
12.3
5,984
59.6
5,221
52.0
763
12.8
6,030
59.9
5,255
52.2
775
12.9
5,987
59.4
5,21 1
51 .7
776
13.0
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
834
39.1
480
22.5
354
42.5
43.4
41 .5
778
36.2
488
22.7
290
37.2
38.3
36.2
768
35.6
481
22.3
287
37.4
36.8
38.0
933
43.7
537
25.2
396
42.4
42.6
42.2
842
39.3
539
25. 1
303
36.0
35.0
37.0
853
39.8
542
25.3
31 1
36.5
36. 1
36.9
860
40. 1
520
24.2
340
39.5
36.5
43.2
915
42.6
559
26.0
356
38.9
38.3
39.5
861
40.0
537
24.9
324
37.6
36.5
38.8
12,219
7,871
64.4
7,006
57.3
865
11.0
12,692
8,329
65.6
7,445
58.7
884
10.6
12,732
8,326
65.4
7,547
59.3
780
9.4
12,219
7,926
64.9
7,095
58.1
831
10.5
12,505
8,226
65.8
7,437
59.5
789
9.6
12,540
8,320
66.3
7,446'
59.4
874
10.5
12,653
8,431
66.6
7,538
59.6
893
10.6
12,692
8,457
66.6
7,644
60.2
813
9.6
12,732
8,392
65.9
7,639
60.0
753
9.0
BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population . .
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1 0 , 9% 8
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
a
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included
in both the white and black population groups.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Selected employment Indicators
(Numbers In thou—nds)
Category
Mar .
1986
Feb.
1987
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec .
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987
109,464
39,354
27,622
5,924
1 10,229
39,739
27,937
5,963
108,807
39,396
26,761
5,754
110,432
39,952
27,333
6,041
1 10,637
40,093
27,400
6,005
111,011
4 0 , 102
27,525
5,985
111,382
39,913
27,817
5,906
Mar .
1987
CHARACTERISTIC
Civilian employed, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
107,643
39,050
26,736
5,777
111 ,368
4 0 , 100
27,965
5,933
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagriculturai industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
1 ,415
1 ,332
152
1 ,375
1 ,297
92
1 ,494
1 ,303
135
1 ,655
1 ,450
169
1 ,582
1 ,425
198
1 ,621
1 ,400
152
1 ,650
1 ,370
136
1 ,647
1 ,454
126
1 ,739
1 ,418
150
96,899
16,465
80,435
1 ,138
79,297
7,590
254
98,456
16,879
81,576
1 ,128
80,448
8,007
237
99,092
16,883
82,209
1 ,134
81 ,075
7,921
284
97,661
16,160
81,501
1 ,227
80,274
7,713
243
98,869
16,457
82,412
1 ,183
81 ,229
8,179
252
99,164
16,443
82,721
1 ,189
81,532
8,056
239
99,550
16,412
83,138
1 ,269
81 ,869
8,192
246
99,748
16,532
83,216
1 ,204
82,-0 12
8,187
255
99,834
16,568
83,265
1 ,227
82,038
8,050
273
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
5,316
2,351
2,696
14,717
5,583
2,692
2,548
14,947
5,232
2,440
2,504
15,145
5,548
2,352
2,908
13,778
5,563
2,510
2,714
14,021
5,596
2,444
2,867
13,877
5,505
2,473
2,695
14,170
5,780
2,535
2,828
14,061
5,456
2,440
2,698
14,167
Nonagriculturai industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
5,121
2,219
2,641
14,321
5,328
2,499
2,501
14,535
4,999
2,280
2,434
14,681
5,295
2,160
2,819
13,351
5,319
2,366
2,626
13,567
5,342
2,286
2,765
13,455
5,201
2,281
2,599
13,750
5,459
2,340
2,742
13,597
5,164
2,218
2,595
13,682
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such
reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.
Table A-5. Range off unemployment measures based on varying defflnltlons off unemployment and the labor force,
seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
I
II
1 .9
1 .9
3.5
IV
I
1 .9
1 .8
1 .8
1 .8
1 .8
1 .7
3.5
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.2
5.5
5.5
5.4
5.4
5. 1
5.2
5. 1
5. 1
6.7
6.8
6.6
6.5
6.3
6.4
6.3
6.2
Total unemployed a t a percent of the labor force, including the
resident Armed Forces
7.0
7.0
6.8
6.8
6.6
6.6
6.6
6.5
U-6b
Total unemployed a t a percent of the Chilian labor force
7.1
7.1
6.9
6.9
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.6
U-6
Total full-time Jobseekers plus Vt part-time jobseekers plus V* total on part time
for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less V* of the
part-time labor force
U-7
Total full-time jobseekers plus Vi part-time jobseekers plus Vi total on part
time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of the
civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less Vi of the
part-time labor force
U-1
Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the
civilian labor force
U-2
Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force
U-3
Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the
civilian labor force
Unemployed full-time jobseekers as a percent of the full-time
civilian labor force
U-4
U-te
N.A - not available.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Selected unemployment Indicator*, seasonally adjusted
Number of
tomployod per
(In thousand*)
Unemployment rates1
Category
Mar.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987
Mar.
1987
7,854
4,362
3,573
3,492
2,857
1 ,424
7,
7.
6,
7,
6.
18,
6.9
6.9
6.2
6.9
6.1
18.2
6.
6.
6.
6.
5.
17.
6.7
6.8
6.0
6.7
5.9
17.7
6.7
6.7
5.9
6.7
5.8
18.0
6.6
6.6
5.8
6.6
5.8
18. 1
1 ,743
1 ,412
620
1 ,721
1 ,309
637
4.5
5.5
10.1
4.5
5.0
9.7
4,3
4.8
9.8
4.2
4.8
9.5
6,879
1 ,502
6,488
1 ,449
6,275
1 ,586
6.8
9.1
8.1
6.6
9.1
7.7
6.3
8.8
7.6
6.3
8.7
7.6
6,248
108
796
1 ,578
907
671
361
1 ,719
1 ,686
654
227
5,898
107
719
1 ,479
883
596
247
1 ,680
1 ,665
640
207
5,831
80
759
1 ,496
856
639
281
1 ,690
1 ,525
585
209
Mar.
1986
Feb.
1987
8,380
4,572
3,789
3,808
3,131
1 ,460
7,967
4,429
3,648
3,538
2,873
1.,446
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
1 ,843
1 ,557
643
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Labor force time lost*
Mar.
1987
CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16years and over
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utitities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
7.
10.
13.
7,
6.
7.
5.
7.
5.
> 3.
12.1
7.
14,
15.1
7..1
6..6
7..9
4.4
7.2
5.4
3.6
10.1
6.
14,
13.
6.
6.
7.
4.
7.
5,
3
11
6.
14.
12,
6,
6,
6,
7.5
5.2
3.6
11 .6
6.
12.
11 .
6.
6.
6.
4,
7.
5,
3
11
6.5
9.3
4.9
3.4
10.7
reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.
Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
' Aggregate hours- lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic
Table A-7. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
!
Seasonally adjusted
Weeks of unemployment
Mar.
1986
Feb,
1987
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987
Mar.
1987
3,194
2,867
2,606
1 ,352"
1 ,254
3/216
2,957
2,329
1 ,166
1 ,163
3,068
2,672
2,384
1 ,196
1 ,188
3,536
2,625
2,243
1,078
1,165
3,382
2,613
2,217
1 ,045
1 ,172
3,355
2,389
2,171
1 ,023
1 ,148
3,416
2,530
2,200
1 ,022
1 ,178
3,361
2,477
2,131
1 ,008
1 ,123
3,383
2,447
2,050
945
1 ,105
15.3
8.4
14.7
7.4
15.6
8.2
14.6
6.8
14.8
7.0
15.0
7.1
15.0
7.0
14.6
6.6
14.9
6.6
100.0
36.8
33.1
30.1
15.6
14.5
100.0
37.8
34.8
27.4
13.7
13.7
100.0
37.8
32.9
29.3
14.7
14.6
100.0
42.1
31 . 2
26.7
12.8
13.9
100.0
41.2
31 . 8
27.0
12.7
14.3
100.0
41 . 9
31 . 1
27.0
12.5
14.5
100.0
42.2
31 . 1
26.7
12.7
14.1
100.0
42.9
31 . 1
26.0
12.0
14.0
DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
,
Average (mean) duration, in w e e k s . ,
Median duration, In weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 t o 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
100.0
42.4
!
30.2
27.4 .
12.9
14.5
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Reason for unemployment
{Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Reason
Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
1986
Feb.
1987
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987
Mar .
1987
A,654
1 ,361
3,293
923
2,186
904
4,469
1 ,335
3,134
1 ,058
2,058
918
4,227
1 ,206
3,021
934
2,107
857
4,210
1 ,144
3,066
989
2,196
1 ,006
3,947
1 ,073
2,874
1 ,056
2,119
1 ,076
3,890
1 ,078
2,812
1 ,036
2,019
1 ,015
3,971
1,118
2,854
891
2,054
1 ,084
3,839
998
2,842
1 ,046
2,042
1 ,040
3,822
1 ,01 1
2,81 1
1 ,000
2,111
956
100.
53.
15.
38.
10.
25,
10.
100.0
52.6
15.7
36.9
12.4 *
24.2
10.8
100
52
14.8
37.2
11 .
25.
10.
100.0
50.1
13.6
36.5
11 . 8
26.1
12.0
100.0
•48.1
13.1
35.1
12.9
25.8
13.1
100.
48.
13.
35.
13.
25.
100.
49.
14.
35.
1 1 .
25,
100.0
48.2
12.5
35.7
13. 1
25.6
13.1
100.0
48.4
12.8
35.6
12.7
26.8'
12.1
3.3
.7
1 .7
.9
3.2
.9
1 .7
.9
3.2
.8
1 .8
.8
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
1 .9
.8
3.8
.9
1 .7
3.6
.8
1 .8
.7
3.6
.8
1 .9
.9
3.3
.9
1 .8
.9
3.3
.9
1 .7
.9
Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
Unemployment rates1
(In thousands)
Sex and age
Mar.
1986
Feb.
1987
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987
Mar.
1987
8,380
3,125
1 ,460
653
808
1 ,665
5,239
4,615
623
7,967
3,049
1 ,446
693
765
1 ,603
4,912
4,459
452
7,854
2,969
1 ,424
670
753
1 ,545
4,872
4,363
509
7.2
13.3
18.4
19.8
17.2
10.7
5.6
5.9
4.2
6.9
12.9
18.2
20.6
16.7
10.2
5.5
5.8
3.8
6.7
12.9
17.3
18.8
16.3
10.7
5.2
5.5
3.5
6.7
13.1
17.7
20.1
16.2
10.7
5.2
5.6
3.2
6.7
13.1
18.0
20.3
16.6
10.5
5.1
5.5
3.0
6.6
12.9
18. 1
20.0
16.5
10.2
5. 1
5.4
3.4
Men, 16years and over...
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18to 19 years
20 to 24 years.
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over . . .
4,572
1 ,694
783
349
434
911
2,867
2,494
364
'4,429
1 ,673
781
383
410
892
2,760
2,461
293
4,362
1 ,589
789
344
444
800
2,758
2,435
316
7.
13.
19.
20.
18.
1 1 .
5,
5.
4.
6.9
13.4
18.3
21 .3
16.2
10.9
5.5
5.7
4.1
6.7
13.4
17.8
19.1
17.0
11.3
5.2
5.5
4.0
6.8
13.4
18.5
21 .4
16.9
10.7
5.4
5.7
3.5
6.7
13.6
18.6
21 .2
17.0
11.1
5.1
5.4
3.3
6.6
13.2
19.3
20.2
18.6
10.1
5.1
5.4
3.6
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
3,808
1 ,431
677
304
374
754
2,372
2,121
259
3,538
1 ,375
665
310
355
710
2,152
1 ,998
158
3,492
1 ,380
635
326
309
745
2,113
1 ,928
193
7.3
12.8
17.5
19.0
16.2
10.3
5.8
6.1
4.3
6.9
12.4
18.2
19.8
17 2
9 4
5 5
5 8
3.4
6.
12,
16.
18.
15.
10.
5.
5.
2.
6.7
12.7
16.8
18.
15.
10.
5.
5.
2.
6..7
12.4
17.4
19.2
16.1
9.8
5.1
5.6
2.6
6.
12,
16.
19.
14.
10.
5,
5,
3
Total, 16 years and over
16to24years
16to19years
16to17years
18to19years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
16to19years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
—
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over . . .
1
Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Employment status of black and other workers
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
.*...
Not in labor force
Mar.
1986
Feb.
1987
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Nov.
1986
24,980
15,751
63.1
13,658
54.7
2,093
13.3
9,229
25,567
16,158
63.2
14,087
55.1
2,071
12.8
9,409
25,618
16,216
63.3
14,197
55.4
2,019
12.5
9,402
24,980
15,988
64.0
13,852
55.5
2,136
13.4
8,992
25,385
16,192
63.8
14,137
55.7
2,055
12.7
9,193
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
1
•Dec.
1986
25,436
16,157
63.5
14,170
55.7
1 ,987
12.3
9,279
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987
Mar.
1987
25,515
16,384
64.2
14,316
56.1
2,068
12.6
9,131
25,567
16,407
64.2
14,306
56.0
2,101
12.8
9,160
25,618
16,455
64.2
14,391
56.2
2,064
12.5
9,163
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.
Table A-11. Occupational status of the employed and unemployed, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Occupation
Mar.
1986
Total, 16 years and over1
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
107,643
110,229
8,667
8,124
7.5
6.9
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial .
Professional specialty
26,401
12,475
13,926
27,674
13,002
14,673
645
356
290
638
349
289
2.4
2.8
2.0
2.3
2.6
1 .9
Technical, sales, and administrative support .
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical..
34,032
3,287
12,859
17,886
34,594
3,254
13,207
18,134
1 ,733
128
746
859
1,730
97
764
869
4.8
2.9
5.5
4.6
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
14,663
938
1 ,781
11 ,943
14,882
939
1 ,897
12,046
1,424
35
96
1 ,293
1,290
44
67
1 ,179
9.8
8.0
4.4
3.4
8.9
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
13,137
4,330
4,643
4,164
13,145
4,429
4,746
3,970
1 ,235
228
674
333
1,033
200
592
242
8.6
5.0
12.7
7.4
7.3
4.3
11.1
5.7
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .
16,402
7,693
4,296
4,412
633
3,779
16,785
7,732
4,534
4,519
610
3,909
2,293
921
530
841
246
595
2,179
869
459
851
255
596
12.3
10.7
11 . 0
16.0
28.0
13.6
11 . 5
10.1
9.2
15.9
29.5
13.2
3,008
3,149
365
339
10.8
9.7
Farming, forestry, and fishing
1
Persons with no previous work experience and those whose last job was in the
Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Veteran status
and age
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Unemployed
Employed
Total
Percent of
labor force
Number
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
7,712
6,410
1 ,233
3,110
2,067
1 ,302
7,810
6,254
987
2,744
2,523
1 ,556
7,151
6,111
1 ,150
2,988
1,973
1 ,040
7,208
5,971
921
2,632
2,418
1 ,237
6,719
5,726
1 ,034
2,815
1 ,877
993
6,802
5 , §44
836
2,486
2,322
1 ,158
432
385
1 16
173
96
47
18,084
8,304
5,605
4,175
19,159
8,711
6,109
4,339
17,090
7,913
5,296
3,881
18,104
8,288
5,774
4,042
16,067
7,424
5,001
3,642
17,082
7,823
5,428
3,831
1 ,023
489
295
239
Mar.
1986
Mar.
1987
406
327
85
146
96
79
6.0
6.3
10.1
5.8
4.9
4.5
5.6
5.5
9.2
5.5
4.0
6.4
1 ,022
465
346
211
6.0
6.2
5.6
6.2
5.6
5.6
6.0
5.2
Mar.
1987
VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years .
40 to 44 years
45 years and over.
NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces between
August 5,1964 and May 7,1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Arm-
ed Forces; published data are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most
closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employment status of the civilian population for eleven large States
(Numbers In thouaanda)
Stata and employment atatua
Mar.
1986
Feb.
1987
Mar.
1987
Mar.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987
Mar.
1987
Civilian noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
19,982
13,257
12,309
948
7.1
20,401
13,563
12,654
909
6.7
20,440
13,624
12,764
860
6.3
19,982
13,295
12,384
911
6.9
20,275
13,540
12,625
915
6.8
20,314
13,476
12,569
907
6.7
20,364
13,403
12,568
835
6.2
20,401
13,626
12,779
8 47
6.2
20,440
13,655
12,833
822
6.0
Civilian noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employad
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
9,096
5,450
5,134
316
5.8
9,333
5,722
5,422
300
5.2
9,355
5,811
5,498
312
5.4
9,096
5,497
5,162
335
6.1
9,263
5,724
5,404
320
5.6
9,285
5,726
5,449
277
4.8
9,312
5,729
5,396
333
5.8
9,333
5,775
5,446
329
5.7
9,355
5,853
5,524
329
5.6
Civilian noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employad
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
8,652
5,625
5,112
513
9.1
8,676
5,561
5,097
464
8.3
8,678
5,581
5,129
451
8.1
8,652
5,667
5,170
497
8.8
8,664
5,640
5,222
418
7.4
8,667
5,643
5,223
420
7.4
8,674
5,620
5,205
415
7.4
8,676
5,633
5,199
434
7.7
8,678
5,620
5,186
434
7.7
Civilian noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor forca
Employad
Unemployed
Unamploymant rata
4,547
3,031
2,900
130
4.3
4,565
3,002
2,884
117
3.9
4,567
3,048
2,912
136
4.5
4,547
3,058
2,943
115
3.8
4,557
3,043
2,922
121
4.0
4,559
3,052
2,950
102
3.3
4,563
3,052
2,946
106
3.5
4,565
3,040
2,935
105
3.5
4,567
3,074
2,953
121
3.9
Civilian noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employad
Unemployed
Unamploymant rata
6,841
4,312
3,897
414
9.6
6,903
4,431
4,038
393
8.9
6,909
4,463
4,088
376
8.4
6,841
4,349
3,953
396
9.1
6,882
4,472
4,099
373
8.3
6,888
4,497
4,135
362
8.0
6,897
4,496
4,163
333
7.4
6,903
4,474
4,092
382
8.5
6,909
4,500
4,138
362
8.0
Civilian noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor forca
Employad
Unemployed
Unamploymant rata
5,905
3,818
3,630
188
4.9
5,961
3,895
3,707
188
4.8
5,966
3,950
3,781
169
4.3
5,905
3,834
3,670
164
4.3
5,942
3,914
3,737
177
4.5
5,948
3,900
3,727
173
4.4
5,956
3,857
3,718
139
3.6
5,961
3,908
3,746
162
4.1
5,966
3,965
3,819
146
3.7
Civilian noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor forca
Employad
Unemployed
Unamploymant rata
13,720
8,310
7,7 06
604
7.3
13,762
8,389
7,923
466
5.6
13,766
8,450
8,000
450
5.3
13,720
8,358
7,802
556
6.7
13,742
8,378
7,895
483
5.8
13,7 47
8,423
7,921
502
6.0
13,759
8,511
8,009
502
5.9
13,762
8,484
8,065
419
4.9
13,766
8,511
8,108
403
4.7
Civilian noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor forca
Employad
Unemployed
Unamploymant rata
4,733
3,142
2,964
178
5.7
4,809
3,259
3,078
181
5.6
4,816
3,239
3,079
160
4.9
4,733
3,164
2,990
174
5.5
4,785
3,201
3,029
172
5.4
4,792
3,221
3,048
173
5.4
4,802
3,271
3,115
156
4.8
4,809
3,290
3,122
168
5. 1
4,816
3,264
3,107
157
4.8
Civilian noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor forca
Employad
Unemployed
Unamploymant rata
8,098
5,233
4,818
415
7.9
8,124
5,205
4,732
473
9.1
8,127
5,154
4,749
405
7.9
8,098
5,297
4,896
401
7.6
8,112
5,264
4,875
389
7.4
8,115
5,276
4,861
415
7.9
8,122
5,287
4,850
437
8.3
8,124
5,303
4,848
455
8.6
8,127
5,215
4,824
391
7.5
Civilian noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employad
Unemployed
Unamploymant rata
9,2 28
5,635
5,188
447
7.9
9,266
5,427
5,078
349
6.4
9,269
5,446
5,106
340
6.2
9,228
5,722
5,289
433
7.6
9,250
5,557
5 ,212
345
6.2
9,254
5,528
5,229
299
5.4
9,262
5,610
5,267
343
6.1
9,266
5,561
5,255
306
5.5
9,269
5,5 30
5,204
326
5.9
11,922
8,025
7,348
677
8.4
12,134
8,226
7,468
759
9.2
12,154
8,107
7,438
668
8.2
11,922
8,054
7,403
651
8.1
12,069
8,301
7,508
793
9.6
12,089
8,354
7,550
804
9.6
12,115
8,293
7,497
796
9.6
12,134
8,315
7,592
723
8.7
12,154
8,134
7,494
640
7.9
California
Maw York
Taxaa
CMMan noninatitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employad
Unamploymant rata
• Theee ara tha official Bureau of Labor Statletlee' eetlmatee uaad in the adminlatratlon of
Federal fund allocation program*.
* Tha population flQuree are not adjusted for aaaaonal variation; therefore, Identical number*
appear In the unadjusted and the aeaaonally adjusted columns.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Persons not in labor force by reason, sex, and race, quarterly averages
(In thousands)
Raaton, sax, and raca
Total not in labor force ,
Do not want a job now
Current activity:
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
Going to school.
Ill, disabled . . .
Keeping house .
Retired
Other
School attendance....
Ill health, disability . . .
Home responsibilities..
Think cannot get a job.
Job-market factors1.
Personal factors 2 . . .
Other reasons3
64,003
63,994
62,817
62,693
62,664
62,807
62,800
58,080
7,879
4,205
26,697
15,192
4,107
58,063
8,098
4,187
26,168
15,828
3,783
57,193
6,249
4,189
26,796
15,133
4,826
56,838
6,513
4,040
26,487
15,326
4,471
56,865
6,189
4,087
26,176
15,885
4,528
57,013
6,330
3,928
26,000
16,069
4,686
57,094
6,428
4,152
26,290
15,768
4,456
5,924
1 ,648
797
1 ,366
1 ,149
815
334
964
5,932
1 ,557
804
1 ,225
1 ,217
805
412
1 ,130
5,789
1 ,416
835
1 ,365
1 ,107
765
343
1 ,065
5,882
1 ,379
898
1 ,31 1
1,119
761
358
1 ,175
Total not in labor force . . .
20,994
21,181
20,225
20,347
Oo not want a job now •
18,971
19,114
18,350
18,441
2,023
856
347
448
372
2,068
767
377
501
422
Total not in labor force . . .
43 ,010
42,813
42,593
42,346
Do not want a job now •
39 ,109
38,949
38,843
38,396
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance....
Ill health, disability . . .
Think cannot get a job.
Other reasons3
1 ,940
726
364
438
412
1 ,948
667
471
392
418
5,980
1 ,578
903
1 ,203
1 ,150
736
414
1 ,145
5,808
1 ,427
746
1 ,347
1 ,127
851
277
1 ,160
5,823
1 ,342
842
1 ,222
1 , 168
756
412
1 ,249
20,454
18,382
18,454
18,434
2,087
824
438
425
399
2,026
680
359
497
490
2,005
652
396
490
467
Women
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance....
Ill health, disability . . .
Home responsibilities. .
Think cannot get a job.
Other reasons
Total not in labor force
Do not want a job now .
Want a job now
Reason not looking:
School attendance....
Ill health, disability . .
Home responsibilities. .
Think cannot gst a job.
Other reasons
3 ,901
792
450
1 ,366
701
593
3,864
790
427
1 ,225
716
707
54,712
54,566
50,367
50,290
3,849
690
471
1 ,365
669
653
3,933
71 1
426
1 ,311
727
757
42,392
38,482
3,893
754
465
1 ,203
725
746
4,346
1 ,127
592
1 ,025
786
816
4,275
1 ,058
579
912
843
883
4,265
994
625
1 ,020
749
876
53,623
49,367
49,450
298
065
625
898
780
931
4,217
975
536
975
817
914
4,195
933
61 1
907
800
944
7,498
7,571
7,274
7,423
7,405
7,341
49,387
4,352
975
618
1 ,032
741
985
3,818
690
447
1 ,222
678
782
53,564
53,511
49,506
38,660
3,782
747
387
1 ,347
630
670
Black
Total not in labor force . . .
Do not want a job now .
5,947
5,937
6,027
6,020
5,945
Want a job now
1 ,353
386
21 1
287
321
147
1 ,299
333
220
270
296
180
1 ,425
460
248
263
275
179
1 ,423
381
192
318
291
241
1 ,436
353
229
287
342
224
Reason not looking:
1
3
School attendance ' ' *
III health, disability . . .
Home responsibilities. .
Think cannot get a job .
Other reasons
1 ,384
456
189
293
325
122
Job market factors include "could not find job" and "thinks no job available."
Personal factors include "employers think too young or old," 'lacks education or training,"
1 ,454
414
208
289
344
198
"other personal handicap."
3
Includes small number of men not looking for work because of home responsibilities.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
]
Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987
98,617
100,185
100,500
101,148
99,484
81 , 6 0 4
83,289
83,324
83,862
82,785
84,178
84,394
84,708
84,958
85,060
24,431
24,406
24,343
24,441
24,945
24,891 ! 24,920
25,008
25,040
24,972
842
51 4 . 2
726
418.2
722
415.1
726
41 4 . 7
852
5ia
7 42
420
738
41 4
731
412
732
41 4
735
418
4,441
4,633
4,559
4,675
1 ,200.9 1 ,235.8 1 ,200.2 1 ,204.4
4,838
1 ,298
4,993
1 ,307
4(996
1 ,298
5,109
1 ,333
5,094
1 ,322
5 , 0 47
1 ,302
P
Mar.
19 87
P
Mar.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987 P|
Mar.
1987
p
101 , 0 6 8 101 , 3 2 2 101 , 6 2 6 101 , 8 6 2 1 0 2 , 0 2 6
Manufacturing
Production workers
1 9 , 1 48
12,982
19,005
12,893
19 , 0 6 2
12,950
1 9 , 0 8 2 19 , 2 5 5
12,981| 13,061
19,156
13,020
19,186
13,053
19,168
13,031
19,214
13,078
19,190
13,063
Durable goods
Production workers
11 , 3 8 4
7,528
11,193
7,385
11,231
7,423
1 1 , 2 46 11 , 4 1 8
7,447
7,545
11 , 2 8 2
7,452
11 , 2 8 9
7,466
11 , 2 6 5
7,440
11 , 3 0 0
7,480
11 , 2 8 0
7 ,469
695.9
49 4 . 8
578.9
791 . 1
295.0
1,443.9
2,122.3
2,175.3
1 , 9 9 1 .3
857.7
724.2
366.0
726.0
503.8
573.8
741 . 8
263.8
1,422.9
2,024.8
2,155.6
1 ,978.7
822.2
706.5
359.5
728.8
505.0
572.6
753.0
273.3
1 ,421 .2
2,042.6
2 , 1 4 9 .9
1 ,988.3
833.2
705.0
364.2
715
49 3
594
787
293
1 ,450
2,118
2,177
1 ,989
858
726
369
7 43
500
591
751
271
1 ,427
2,036
2,166
1 ,993
837
710
365
7 49
500
594
752
270
1 ,431
2,030
2,164
1 ,990
832
709
370
754
503
595
741
264
1 ,430
2,029
2,156
1 ,979
826
709
369
755
503
598
753
274
1 ,430
2,043
2,154
1 ,986
836
707
371
752
504
594
755
276
1 ,427
2,042
2 , 1 47
1 ,978
823
708
373
7,764
5,454
7,812
5,508
7,837
5,516
7 ,874
5,568
7 ,897
5,587
7,903
5,591
7,914
5,598
7 ,910
5,594
1 ,632
63
707
1 ,117
688
1 ,469
1 ,031
166
804
160
1 ,654
61
717
1,112
694
1 ,493
1 ,023
160
809
151
1 ,657
60
719
1 ,124
697
1 ,493
1 ,020
159
815
153
1 ,654
59
722
1 ,123
694
1 ,500
1 ,021
159
819
152
1 ,657
60
727
1,116
695
1 ,506
1 ,021
159
820
153
1 ,656
59
727
1,116
694
1 ,506
1 ,019
158
821
154
7 6,7.07 7 4 , 5 3 9
76,177
76,402
76,618
76,822
77 , 0 5 4
5,280
3,053
2,227
5,351
3,117
2,234
5,359
3,125
2,234
5,382
3 , 1 40
2,242
5,389
3,143
2,246
5,41 1
3,162
2 , 2 49
5,841
3,480
2,361
5,859
3,489
2,370
5,859
3,491
2,368
5,864
3,495
2,369
5,876
3,497
2,379
5,880
3,498
2,382
18,376
2,366
3,008
1 ,993
6,092
18,411
2,380
3,006
1 ,987
6,108
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures.
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products.
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
7,831
5,527
1 ,573.0
60.9
703.4
1,119.9
684.7
1,470.8
1,029.8
163.7
800.5
157 . 0
1 ,604.4
61 .7
718.6
1,108.2
690.3
1,49 8 . 9
1 ,013.8
155.3
811 . 4
149.5
1 ,600.5
59.8
721 .5
1 ,117 . 3
689.7
1,504.1
1 ,017 .2
155.3
815.0
150.1
74,186
75,779
76,157
732.0
506.0J
578.9
758.6
278.0
1 ,421 .6
2,046.2
2,146.6
1 ,980.2
821 . 8
706.6
369.3
7,836
5,534
1 ,596.1
56.9
723.5
1,119.1
690.1
1 ,507.2
1 , 0 1 7 .8
155.8
818.8
150.9
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communication and public utilities
5,215
3,001
2,214
5,312
3,083
2,229
5,316
3,083
2,233
5,344
3,108
2,236
Wholesale trad*
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
5,803
3,466
2 ,337
5,826
3,478
2 , 3 48
5,826
3,47 6
2,350
5,842
3,48 4
2,358
17,418
2,2 46.4
2,865.9
1 , 9 1 7 .6
5,692.1
18,033
2 , 3 9 1 .3
2,984.3
1 ,969.7
5,788.5
17 , 8 8 0
2,283.1
2,983.9
1 ,962.8
5 , 8 1 1 .7
6,144
3,089
1 ,898
1 ,157
6,444
3,233
1 ,998
1,213
6,461
3,238
2,007
1 ,216
Retail trad*
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate.
Services
Business services
Health services
Government.
Federal
State
Local
p = preliminary.
17 , 9 8 8 17 , 8 2 8
2,292.1
2,333
2,901
2,973.3
1,939
1 , 9 6 7 .3
5,868
5,924.4
18 , 2 0 6 1 1 8 , 2 8 9
18,197
2,333
2 , 3 41
2,367
2,990
2,979
2,968
1 ,988
1 ,984
1 ,977
6,080
6,006 ! 6,035
6,510
3 , 2 48
2,016
1 ,246
6,184
3,095
1 ,900
1,189
6,429
3,220
1 ,979
1 ,230
6,472
3,236
1 ,990
1,246
6,495
3,239
2,002
1,254
6,518
3 , 2 48
2,009
1,261
6,554
3,255
2,018
1 ,281
23,498
23,737
22,593
23,268
4,651 .1 4 , 9 1 9 . 7 4,951 . 4 5 , 0 2 2 . 8
6 , 4 8 4 . 3 6,7 43.1 6 , 7 6 3 . 4 6 , 7 9 4 . 8
22,707
4,698
6,497
23,451
4,926
6,695
23,578
4,966
6,726
23,670
4,990
6,757
23,759
5,042
6,784
23,832
5,074
6,802
17 , 2 8 6 1 6 , 6 9 9
2,923
2,909
3,927
4,107
10,270
9 , 8 49
16,890
2,899
3,965
10,026
16,928
2,907
3,983
10,038
16,918
2,914
3,983
10,021
16,904
2,915
3,984
10,005
16,966
2,924
4,003
10,039
17,013
2,908
4,029
10,076
16,896
2,888
3,947
10,061
17 , 1 7 6
2,895
4,076
10,205
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by industry
Seasonally adjusted
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb
1987pl
Mar.
1987pj
Mar.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987p|
Mar.
I987p
34.7
34.4
34.6
34.9
34.8
34.6
34.8
35.0
34.8
Mining
42.3
42.8
41 . 8
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Construction .
36.4
37 .3
36.9
37 . 5
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Manufacturing
Overtime hours .
40.7
3.4
40.8
3.5
40.8
3.5
40.9
3.6
40.7
3.4
40.8
3.5
40.8
3.5
41 . 0
3.6
41 . 2
3.6
40.9
3.7
Durable goods .
Overtime hours .
41 . 4
3.5
41 . 5
3.6
41 . 4
3.6
41 . 6
3.7
41 . 4
3.6
41 . 4
3.6
41 . 3
3.6
41 . 6
3.7
41 . 9
3.7
41 . 6
3.8
40
39
41
42
41 . 8
41 . 4
41 . 8
41 . 1
42.8
43.4
41 . 4
39.9
40
39
41
42
42
41
42.0
41 . 1
42.5
43.2
41 . 2
39.5
40.4
39.3
41 . 8
42.8
42.5
41 . 3
42.0
41 . 0
42.5
43.0
41 . 2
39.2
40.6
39.6
42.1
42.8
42.4
41 . 5
42.1
40.9
42.8
43.3
41 . 4
39.5
40
39
41
41
41
41
41
41
42
43
41
(2)
40
39
41
42
42
41
41
41
42
42
41
(2)
40.4
39.6
42.1
42.5
42.7
41 . 1
41 . 5
41 . 0
42.1
42.6
41 . 3
(2)
40.7
40.2
42.9
42.7
42.8
41 . 5
42.0
41 . 0
42.3
43.2
41 . 2
(2)
41 . 1
40.1
43.1
42.8
42.4
41 . 8
42.1
41 . 4
42.8
43.5
41 . 4
(2)
40.8
39.8
42.5
42.7
42.
41 .
41 .
40.
42.
43.
41 .
(2)
39.7
3.1
40.0
3.4
39.9
3.3
40.0
3.4
39.8
3.2
40.1
3.5
40.1
3.5
40.1
3.5
40.4
3.5
40.1
3.5
39.4
37.5
40.6
36.5
43.3
38.1
42.0
43.7
41 . 3
36.3
39.8
37.4
41 . 6
36.8
43,
37 ,
42,
44,
41 ,
37,
39.
36,
41 . 8
37 . 1
43.1
37 . 9
42.0
43.6
41 . 5
37.2
39.5
39.2
41 . 9
37 . 0
43.1
38.0
42.0
43.9
41 . 6
37.5
39.9
(2)
40.7
36.5
43.5
38.0
41 . 9
43.8
(2)
(2)
40.0
(2)
41 . 5
36.9
43.2
38.1
42.5
43.8
(2)
(2)
39.8
(2)
41 . 9
37 . 0
43.4
38.1
42.2
43.6
(2)
(2)
40.0
(2)
41
36
43
38.0
42.3
45.0
(2)
(2)
40.1
(2)
42.3
37.6
43.6
38.3
42.1
44.2
(2)
(2)
40.0
(2)
42.0
37 . 0
43.3
37 . 9
41 . 9
44.0
(2)
(2)
39.4
38.7
39.0
39.1
39.6
39.3
39.0
39.1
39.3
39.3
Total private
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goqds.
Overtime hours .
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .
Leather and leather products
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
38.3
38.1
38.0
38.1
38.5
38.3
38.2
38.3
38.4
38.3
Retail trade
28.9
28.4
28.7
28.8
29.3
29.3
28.9
29.0
29.4
29.2
Finance, insurance, and real estate
36.7
36.5
36.5
36.4
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Services
32.4
32.2
32.3
32.2
32.5
32.5
32.4
32.4
32.5
32.3
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; to construction,
workers in construction; and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private
nonagricultural payrolls.
2
This series is not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is
small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot
be separated with sufficient precision.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagriculturai
payrolls by industry
Average hourly •aminos
Average weekly earnings
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987
$302.93
304.68
$305.47
307.63
$306.71
310.10
$307 .94
309 .37
522.41
542.28
527 . 0 9
522.92
444.81
467.37
459.41
471 .38
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb
1987 Pi
Mar.
Mar.
1987 Pi 1986
$8.73
8.73
$8.88
8.84
$8.89
8.86
$8,
12.53
12.45
12.57
9.85
395.60
401.06
401.47
40 2.8 7
10.38
8.29
7.57
10.18
11 .86
13.67
9.
10.
9,
12.98
13.67
10.39
8.32
7 .
10,
11 .
13.70
9.98
10.65
9.85
12.95
13.60
9.65
7 .69
10.39
8.28
7.57
10.17
11 . 9 1
13.69
9.99
10.69
9.86
12.95
13.61
426.42
333.20
288.12
412.10
504.78
576.84
409.03
442.24
395.38
552.12
592.84
389.57
299.65
430.77
331 . 6 0
299.77
424.51
505.24
578.24
413.17
445.62
405.25
551 . 6 5
590.54
396.34
304.15
430.15
336.13
297 .11
424.69
508.89
582.25
412.17
447 .30
403.85
550.38
584.80
397.58
301.45
432.22
336.17
299.77
428.16
509.75
5 8 0 ..46
41 4.5.9
450.05
403.27
554.26
589 .31
397.44
302.97
9.06
8.89
12.89
7.13
10.14
12.17
14.40
8.87
6.03
9.06
8.91
13.35
7,
5,
11 ,
10.16
12.20
I 4.35
8.84
5.97
9.09
8.94
13.76
7,
5
11
10.17
12.26
I 4.56
8.85
6.04
352.54
344.36
478.50
278.52
211 . 7 0
477.60
377.19
494.76
621.41
360.14
212.72
362.40
353.82
482.09
296.61
216.75
485.90
382.28
514.79
643.68
368.99
224.92
361.49
350.16
487.2
298.03
218.52
481 .8
385.06
512.40
625.66
366.86
222.08
363.60
353.13
539.39
300.00
218.30
480.57
386.46
514.92
639 .18
368.16
226.50
Total privata
Seasonally adjusted
Mining
12.35
Construction.
12.22
Manufacturing .
9.72
Durabla goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products.
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment . . . .
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
10.30
8.33
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Transportation and public utilities..
Mar.
1987
11 . 6 2
11 . 7 3
II .79
II .78
457 . 8 3
453.95
459.81
460.60
Wholesale trade
9.33
9.49
9.55
9.51
357.34
361.57
362.90
362.33
Retail trade
6.03
6.07
6.06
6.05
174.27
172.39
173.92
174.24
Finance, insurance, and real estate.
8.30
8.58
8.71
8.68
304.61
313.17
317 .92
315.95
Services
8.18
8.36
8.40
8.40
265.03
269.19
271 .32
270.48
1
See footnote 1, table B-2.
p = preliminary.
Table B-4. Hourly Earnings Index for production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagriculturai payrolls by industry
(1977 s 100)
t seasonally adjusted
Industry
changa
Mar.
1986
Total privata nonfarm:
Currant dollars
Constant (1077) doMats .
Construction.
Tranapoftatlon and public
Jan.
1987
Feb.
1987p
Mar.
1987p
168.5
95.2
180.1
148.3
171 .9
169.8
171 .9
157.7
171 . 3
94.8
182.0
152.0
174.1
172.1
174.9
158.8
171 .8
94.7
180.5
151 .0
174.2
173.2
175.8
159.1
171 .8
N.A.
181 .0
152.6
174.3
172.8
175.3
159.1
179.2
174.0
184.
1 78.
187.4
178.8
187.0
178.9
Mar.
1986Mar.
1987
2.0
(2)
.5
2.8
1 .4
1 .8
2.0
Mar.
1986
Nov.
1986
Dec .
1986
Jan.
1987
Feb.
I987p
Mar.
1987p
Feb.
1987Mar .
1987
168.5
95.0
(4)
149.2
171 .8
170.2
(4)
157.4
170.8
95.3
(4)
154.0
173.2
171 .2
(4)
159.3
170.6
95.0
(4)
153.9
173.5
171 .2
(4)
159.3
170.7
94.4
(4)
151 .7
173.4
171 .5
(4)
158.4
171 .4
94.4
(4)
151 .0
173.9
172.5
(4)
158.6
171.8
N.A.
(4)
153.5
174.1
173.0
(4)
158.8
0.3
(3)
(4)
1 .6
.1
.3
(4)
.1
(4)
174.0
(4)
176.6
(4)
175.8
(4)
176.9
(4)
178.1
(4)
178.9
(4)
.4
rnesioo, Insurance, and
1
2
3
4
See footnote 1, table B - 2 .
Percent change is 0.1 percent from February 1986 to February 1 9 8 7 , the latest month available.
Percent change is less than .05 percent from January 1987 to February 1987, the latest month available.
These series are not seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle
irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
N.A.
Data not available,
p = preliminary.
and/or
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
1
Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by industry
(1977 = 100)
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Mar.
1986
Jan.
1987
11 4 . 9
116.4
116.8
95.8
96.4
92.8
Feb.
1987P
Mar.
1987p
Mar.
1986
Nov .
1986
Dec .
1986
Jan.
1987
117.7
117.4
119.3
119.0
119.9
120.9
120.4
95.8
96.8
98.5
98.8
99.0
100.4
101 .0
99.8
81 . 0
79.7
79.4
95.0
81 . 1
81 . 4
81 .0
81 .8
81 .2
112.4
121 .5
116.1
120.3
126.6
1 3 f .8
132.2
139.9
138 .6
135.5
92.7
92.3
92.6
93.1
93.3
93.3
93.4
93.6
94.6
93.8
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures.
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
91 .6
95.3
104.2
83.7
66.4
54.2
89.8
90.3
103.3
97.8
88.8
106.4
80.9
89.9
98.4
107.2
83.3
62.0
47 . 4
88.5
85.5
103.0
96.2
84.9
103.4
79.2
90.3
100.0
106.5
83.4
63.3
49.6
88.3
86.7
102.2
96.9
85.9
103.2
80.0
90.9
100.8
108.1
85.3
64.2
50.5
88.9
87.2
102.2
96.9
85.1
104.0
81 .8
91 .7
98.6
104.4
87.4
65.6
53.6
90.2
89.3
102.9
97.1
88.4
106.1
81 .8
90.6
103.3
106.3
86.7
62.6
49.3
89.0
85.1
102.9
96.3
84.6
103.9
81 .3
90.5
103.2
106.5
87 .7
62.9
49.5
88.8
8 4.-6
102.9
95.6
84.1
104.5
82.5
90.9
104.1
108.4
89.7
61 .9
47 .9
89.4
85.6
102.5
95.5
85.1
103.4
83.0
91 .9
105.6
108.4
90.7
63.3
49.6
90.0
86.6
103.4
97.4
87 .1
104.2
83.4
91 .2
104.4
108.1
89.1
63.5
50.0
89 .3
86.3
101 .6
96.4
84.7
103.9
83.1
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products.
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .
Leather and leather products
94.3
92.6
78.5
77.2
85.9
101 .3
128.2
93.6
78.5
112.8
58.5
96.0
96.1
81 . 2
81 . 1
85.7
102.5
129.5
93.0
78.9
114.6
57.4
96.1
94.6
76.1
81 .9
87.2
101 .6
130.5
93.5
77.4
115.1
57.6
96.4
94.7
76.2
82.4
86.8
101 .5
131 .5
93.6
79.3
116.2
58.3
95.7
98.4
85.4
77.8
85.4
102.0
127.4
93.4
80.4
112.7
60.9
97.2
100.6
78.9
80.7
86.4
102.7
130.2
94.6
79.6
114.8
57.5
97.6
100.1
78.4
81 .7
87.6
103.7
130.8
93.4
79.3
115.2
58.9
97.7
100.6
79.1
81 .7
87.1
103.4
131.1
93.9
81 . 8
115.3
59.2
98.5
101 . 1
79.1
83.5
88.2
103.6
132.0
93.8
81 .2
116.5
60.6
97.8
100.7
82.0
83.1
86.6
102.3
130.6
93.4
80.8
116.1
60.5
Total
Goods-producing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing
Feb.
I987p
Mar.
1987
125.5
127.4
128.3
129.3
127.8
130.7
130.1
130.7
132.0
131 .7
Transportation and public utilities
106.1
106.0
107.0
108.1
108.2
108.6
108.2
108.7
109.5
110.1
Wholesale trade
118.3
118.1
117.7
118.1
120.1
119.5
119.2
119.6
120.0
119.8
Retail trade
113.7
116.0
116.0
116.9
118.4
120.8
119.2
120.1
122.3
121 .7
Finance, insurance, and real estate
134.4
139.6
1 40.2
1 40.8
135.6
1 41 . 1
140.7
141 .3
141 .8
1 42.3
Services
1 42.5
1 44.8
1 46.9
148.1
1 43.5
1 47 .9
1 48.2
148.4
149.7
149.1
1
See footnote 1, table B-2
p
p = preliminary.
Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased
Time
span
Nov.
Dec.
61 .9
55.1
57 .6
62.7
59.5
62.4
55.1
54.9
55.9
62.4
61 . 4
65.1
60.5
63.0
50.8
55.4
54.1
61 .1
57.0
60.5
57 . 0
P63.5
55.9
P60.8
48.9
P55.1
47 . 3
P55.9
49.5
48.9
48.6
Aug.
Apr.
May
June
53.8
45.1
p49.7
49.2
54.1
51 . 6
49.2
47.0
46.2
56.2
54.6
56.8
54.3
50.8
54.9
49.7
54.3
P57.3
46.2
51 .1
46.2
49.7
45.1
48.4
51 . 4
44.9
49 .7
47 .3
51 . 1
54.1
49.2
53.8
47 .8
53.8
43.0
47 .6
45.9
45.9
44.3
45.9
44.3
48.6
48.9
49.7
46.2
50.3
45.7
51 .1
46.8
52.2
43.8
52.4
44.9
52.7
47 . 3
54.6
47 .6
53.5
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Over
1-month
span
52.4
59.7
51 .6
47.8
53.5
P63.0
Over
3-month
span
51 . 1
58.1
P62.7
Over
6-month
span
Over
12-month
span
Year
July
Sept.
Oct.
r
")' )'
1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1, 3, and 6 month spans, on payrolls of 185
private nonagricultural industries Data for the 12-month span are unadjusted
p = preliminary
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.) Data are centered within the spans.
@FedFRASER