Full text of The Employment Situation : March 1984

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U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington. D.C. 20212

USDL 84-145
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS
EMBARGOED UNTIL 8:30 A.M. (EST), FRIDAY,
APRIL 6, 1984

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MARCH 1984
Employment continued to rise In March and unemployment was unchanged, the Bureau of Labor
Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Both the overall unemployment rate,
7.7 percent, and the civilian worker rate, 7.8 percent, remained at February levels; each
continued to be nearly 3 percentage points below its 1982 recession high.
Total civilian employment—as measured by the monthly survey of households—rose by 250,000
in March to 104.1 million, seasonally adjusted, following a 700,000 gain in February. Civilian
employment has increased by 5.1 million since the November 1982 recession trough.
The number of employees on nonagricultural payrolls—as measured,by the monthly survey of
establishments—was up by 145,000 to 92.5 million, seasonally adjusted. The March job gain was
smaller than in recent months, but employment in services and durable goods manufacturing
continued to advance.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
The civilian worker unemployment rate was unchanged in March at 7.8 percent, seasonally
adjusted, but remained well below the late 1982 recession high of 10.7 percent. The number of
unemployed persons held steady from February to March at 8.8 million, 3.1 million below the
November 1982 level. Despite the overall stability for March, the unemployment rate for adult
men continued to edge down and, at 6.8 percent, was substantially below the recession high of
10.0 percent. Jobless rates for adult women and teenagers (6.9 and 19.9 percent, respectively)
have shown little change over the last 4 months. The unemployment rate for white workers was
unchanged over the month, and the rate for black workers was little changed, despite an increase
among black men, a group that had been showing marked improvement in prior months. The Hispanic
jobless rate rose to 11.3 percent, returning to the January level. (See tables A-2 and A-3.)
The number of unemployed persons who had lost their last job continued to decline; job
losers accounted for 53 percent of total unemployment in March, compared with 62 percent in
November 1982. This over-the-month decrease was offset by increased unemployment among persons
seeking their first job. Both measures of average duration of unemployment—the mean and the
median—were unchanged in March after dropping sharply in the prior month. (See tables A-7 and
A-8.)
The number of persons working part time involuntarily—sometimes referred to as the
partially unemployed—declined by about 350,000 in March to 5.5 million and was 1.2 million
below the peak level reached in January 1983. (See table A-4.)
Civilian Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
Total civilian employment grew by 250,000 in March, after a sharper advance in February. At
104.1 million, seasonally adjusted, March employment was 5.1 million above the recession trough.
During the 16-month recovery period, employment has increased by 2.9 million for adult men and
2.2 million for adult women, while teenage employment was unchanged.
The civilian labor force rose slightly over the month to 112.9 million, seasonally adjusted.
Since March 1983, the labor force has increased by about 2.0 million, as substantial gains among
adult workers—900,000 men and 1.2 million women—overshadowed a small decline for teenagers.
(See table A-2.)



- 2 Discouraged Workers (Household Survey Data)
The number of people wanting jobs but not looking for work because they believed they could
not find a n y — 1 . 3 million in the first q u a r t e r — c o n t i n u e d the downward progression that has
totaled nearly 500,000 since the fourth quarter 1982 recessionary high. Virtually all of this
drop w a s among persons who reported that they were not seeking' work because of job-market
f a c t o r s — a s opposed to personal factors such as age and lack of education or training.
Women
and blacks continued
to be disproportionately represented among the d i s c o u r a g e d — 6 4 and 30
percent, respectively. (See table A-13.)
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
Nonagricultural payroll employment rose by 145,000 in March, somewhat off the pace of recent
months.
While job gains were w i d e s p r e a d — n e a r l y two-thirds of the 186 industries in the BLS
index of diffusion registered over-the-month i n c r e a s e s — t h e y
tended to be small.
At 92.5
Table A . Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

Quarterly averages

Monthly data

Category
1984

1983

1984

IV

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Labor force 1/
Total employment \J ....
Civilian labor force
Civilian employment....
Unemployment
Not in labor force
Discouraged w o r k e r s . . . .

112,365
100,879
110,700
99,214
11,486
62,805
1,765

113,702
104,195
112,012
102,506
9,507
62,938
1,457

Thousands of persons
114,292|113,901|114,377
105,426)104,876|105,576
112,607|112,215|112,693
103,740|103,190|103,892
8.866J
9,026) 8,801
63,072| 63,318| 62,986
1,339 J
N.A.j N.A.

114,598
105,826
112,912
104,140
8,772
62,912
N.A.

Percent of labor force
Unemployment rates:
All workers 1/
All civilian workers
Adult m e n
Adult women
Teenagers
White
Black
Hispanic origin...

10,
10,
9,
8
23,
9,
20,
15,

8.4
8.5
7.8
7.2
20.6
7.4
17.9
12.1

7.8)
7.9|
7.0 |

7.01
19.6J
6.8|
16.5|
10.91

7.9|
8.01
7 -3|
7 -II
19
6 .9!
16
11 -2|

7,
7,
7
6,
19,
6
16,
10

7,
7,
6,
6,
19,
6,
16,
11,

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Nonfarm payroll employment...
Goods-producing industries

Service-producing i n a u s t r i e s

88,815
23,088
| 65,727

Thousands of jobs
91,346 92,256p| 91,930)92,347p 92,490p
24,298 24,724p| 24,617)24,772p 24,782p
67,048 67,532p| 67,313|67,575p 67,708p

I

I

Hours of work

Average weekly hours:
Total private nonfarm.
Manufacturing
Manufacturing overtime
1/ Includes the resident Armed Forces.
p=preliminary.




34.8
39.5
2.5

35.3
40.6
3.3

35.4p|
40.8p|
3.5 P |

I
35.5)
41.0)
3.5)

35.4p
41.Op
3.6p

35.2p
40.5p
3.4p
N.A.-not

available

- 3 million, seasonally adjusted, payroll employment has grown by 3.7 million since November 1982.
(See tables B-l and B-6.)
Most of the over-the-month rise occurred in the services industry, where employment rose by
125,000.
Little or no change occurred elsewhere in the service—producing sector, except for a
small increase in wholesale trade. There was little change in the goods-producing sector, as a
modest employment increase of 60,000 in manufacturing was offset by a 50,000 drop in
construction. The increase in factory jobs occurred primarily in the durable goods industries,
particularly machinery, fabricated metals, and electrical and electronic equipment. Total
manufacturing employment has now recovered a little over three-fifths of the jobs lost during
the recent recession.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
Average weekly hours for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
industries fell 0.2 hour in March to 35.2 hours, seasonally adjusted. Declines were widespread,
as all major industry divisions except services experienced shorter workweeks.
The manufacturing workweek decreased by half an hour from the very high levels recorded in
January and February. At 40.5 hours, factory hours have returned to the level prevailing at the
end of last year. The decline in hours was pervasive within both durable and nondurable goods
industries; only automobiles and petroleum and coal products posted increases. (See table B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls dropped 0.5 percent to 109.8 (1977»100) in March. Declines were
widespread, but particularly large in construction, which fell by 5.7 percent. This sharp drop
refected a decrease in weekly hours that can be associated with severe weather in many parts of
the country as well as the decline in construction employment. The manufacturing index declined
by 0.8 percent over the month to 95.6 but was still nearly 15 percent above the November 1982
level. (See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly earnings edged up in March, but average weekly earnings fell 0.3 percent on a
seasonally adjusted basis as a result of the decline in the workweek. Before allowance for
seasonality, average hourly earnings were unchanged at $8.24, and weekly earnings decreased
slightly to $288.40. Over the year, these levels represent increases of 34 cents and $14.27,
respectively. (See table B-3.)
The Hourly Earnings Index (Establishment Survey Data)
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 158.7 (1977=100) in March, seasonally adjusted, an
increase of 0.3 percent from February. For the 12 months ended in March, the increase (before
seasonal adjustment) was 3.4 percent. The HEI excludes the effects of two types of changes
unrelated to underlying wage rate movements—fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing and
interindustry employment shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI decreased 0.6
percent during the 12-month period ended in February. (See table B-4.)




Explanatory Note
This news release presents statistics from two major surveys,
the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the
Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey).
The household survey provides the information on the labor
force, total employment, and unemployment that appears in
the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample
survey of about 60,000 households that is conducted by the
Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected
from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies.
The sample includes approximately 189,000 establishments employing about 36 million people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually
collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household
survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey
week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the
pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of technical
factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a
survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each
of these factors is explained below.
Coverage, definitions and differences between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are selected
so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population
16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is
classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.
Those who hold more than one job are classified according to
the job at which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all
as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or
on their own farm; or worked IS hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether they were
paid or not. People are also counted as employed if they were
on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor and management, or personal reasons. Members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their
eligibility for unemployment benefits or public
assistance, if they meet all of the following criteria: They had
no employment during the survey week; they were available
for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find
employment sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Also included
among the unemployed are persons not looking for work
because they were laid off and waiting to be recalled and those
expecting to report to a job within 30 days.
The labor force equals the sum of the number employed and
the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the
percentage of unemployed people in the labor force (civilian
plus the resident Armed Forces). Table A-5 presents a special




grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The
definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive
definition yields U-l, and the most comprehensive yields U-7.
The overall unemployment rate is U-5a, while U-5b represents
the same measure with a civilian labor force base.
Unlike the.household survey, the establishment survey only
counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the
payroll records of nonagricultural firms. As a result, there are
many differences between the two surveys, among which are
the following:
The household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture, the self-employed, unpaid
family workers, private household workers, and members of
the resident Armed Forces;
— T h e household survey includes people on unpaid leave
among the employed; the establishment survey does not;
— T h e household survey is limited to those 16 years of age
and older; the establishment survey is not limited by age;
The household survey has no duplication of individuals,
because each individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job or
otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be
counted separately for each appearance.
Other differences between the two surveys are described in
"Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and
Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS upon
request.

Seasonal adjustment
Over a course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor force
and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo
sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in
weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major
holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. For example, the labor force increases by a large number each June,
when schools close and many young people enter the job
market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very
large; over the course of a year, for example, seasonality may
account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular
pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in economic activity or increases in the participation
of women in the labor force, easier to spot. To return to the
school's-out example, the large number of people entering the
labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined.
However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can
be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the
seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
economic activity.
Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment
contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all

employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and
average hourly earnings include components based on the
employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the
components and combining them. The second procedure
usually yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figure
for the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted
civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed
Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally
adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and
the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of
the labor force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June period
and again for the July-December period. The January revision
is applied to data that have been published over the previous 5
years. For the establishment survey, updated factors for
seasonal adjustment are calculated only once a year, along
with the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussed
at the end of the next section.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys
are subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the
number of people employed and tjie other estimates drawn
from these surveys probably differ from thefiguresthat would
be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the
amount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other
factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the
chances are 68 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample
will differ by no more than the standard error from the results
of a complete census. The chances are 90 out of 100 that an
estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than 1.6
times the standard error from the results of a complete census.
At the 90-percent level of confidence-the confidence limits
used by BLS in its analyses-the error for the monthly change in
total employment is on the order of plus or minus 328,000; for
total unemployment it is 220,000; and, for the overall
unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage point. These figures
do not mean that the sample results are off by these




magnitudes but, rather, that the chances arc 90 out of 100 that
the "true" level or rate would not be expected to differ from
the estimates bv more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the
data are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or
annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the
larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the
estimate of the size of the labor force is subject to less error
than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among
the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate of
adult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for
the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly
change in the jobless rate for men is .26 percentage point; for
teenagers, it is 1.25 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most current
months are based oft incomplete returns; for this reason, these
estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the
returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are
revised. In other words, data for the month of September are
published in preliminary form in October and November and
in final form in December. To remove errors that build up
over time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes can be
measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in
the classification of industries and allow for the formation of
new establishments.

Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide variety of data
in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by
BLS. It is available for $6.00 per issue or $39.00 per year from
the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
20204. A check or money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of
the standard errors for the household survey data published in
this release. For unemployment and other labor force
categories, the standard errors appear in tables B through J of
its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the
data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual
amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P, and Q of that publication.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the population, Including Armed Forces In the United States, by sex
(Numbers In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status and sex
Har.
1983

Feb.
1984

Mar.
1984

Har.
1983

Nov.
1983

Dec.
1983

Jan.
19^34

Feb.
1984

"at.
1934

TOTAL
Nonlnstltutlonal population 1
Labor force'
Participation rate3
Total employed 1
Employment-population ratio 4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*
Not in labor force

175.320
111,537
63.6
99,658
56.8
1,664
37,994
2,971
95,023
11,879
10.7
63,784

177,363
113,052
63.7
103,645
58.4
1,684
101,961
2,857
9 9 , 104
9,407
8.3
64,311

177,510
113,514
6 3.9
104,456
58.8
1,686
102,770
2,872
99,898
9,057
8.0
63,996

175,320
112,399
64. 1
100,980
57.6
1,664
>J9,316
3,386
95,93 0
11,419
10.2
62,921

176,636
1 13,720
64.4
104,291
59.0
1,685
102,606
3,257
99,349
9, 429
8.3
62,916

176,809
113,824
64.4
104,629
5<>.2
1,688
102,941
3, 356
99,585
9, 195
8. 1
62,985

177,219
1 13,901
64.3
104,876
^9.2
1,686
103,190
3,271
93,918
9,026
7.9
63,318

177,363
114,377
64.5
105,576
59.5
1 ,684
103,802
3,395
100,496
8,801
7.7
6 2,98*

177,510
114,593
64.6
105,826
59.6
1 ,686
1 0 4 , 140
3,28 1
100,859
=1,772
7.7
<i2,'i12

83,789
63,645
76.0
56,347
67.2
1,528
54,819
7,298
11.5

84,811
64,203
75.7
58,629
69.1
1,540
57,089
5,574
8.7

84,880
64,468
76.0
5 9 , 164
69.7
1,542
57,622
5,304
8.2

8 3,789
64,096
76. 5
57,423
68. 5
1,529
55,895
6,673
10.4

84,423
64,846
76.8
59,389
70.3
1,534
57,855
5,457
8.4

84,506
64,838
76.7
59,580
70.5
1,537
58,043
5,258
6. 1

84,745
64,930
76.6
53,781
70.5
1,542
59,239
5 , 149
7.9

84,81 1
65,0<n
76.;)
60,147
70.'.
1,540
58,607
4,946
7.6

FH , 8 8 0
6 5,156
•76.8
6 0,290
71.0
1 ,542
^ 8 , "74 3
4,86 7
7. 5

91,532
47,891
52.3
43,311
47.3
136
43,175
4,581
9.6

92,552
4 8 , 849
52.8
4 5,016
48.6
144
44,872
3,833
7.8

92,630
49,045
52.9
45,292
48.9
144
4 5 , 148
3,753
7.7

91,532
48,30 3
52.3
4 3,55 7
47.6
136
43,421
4,746
9.3

92,214
48,874
53.0
44,902
48.7
151
44,751
3,972
8.1

92,302
48,986
53. 1
45,049
48.8
151
44,898
3,937
8.0

92,474
42,971
53.0
45,094
48.8
144
44,950
3,876
7.9

92,552
49,2* ?
53.2
45,429
49. 1
144
45,285
3,85 5
7.8

; \ 6 30
4 9 , 4ii2
5 3.4
4 5,c36
49.2
144
45,392
3,905
7.*

Men, 16 years and over
Noninstitutional population 1
Labor force 1
Participation rate*
Total employed 1
Employment-population ratio 4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate'
Women, 16 years and over
Noninstitutional population 1
Labor force 1
Participation rate*
Total employed 1
Employment-population ratio 4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces

Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*

1
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation;
therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
1
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed In the United States.




* Labor force as a percent of the nonlnstltutlonal population.
4
Total employment as a percent of the nonlnstltutlonal population.
* Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (Including the resident Armed
Forces).

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
(Numbers In thousands)

Seasonally adjusted4

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
Bar.
1983

Peb.
1984

liar.
1984

Mar.
1983

Nov.
1983

nee.
1983

Jan.
1984

Peb.
1984

TOTAL
Civilian noninstltutional population
Civilian laborforce
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio' . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

173,656
109,873
63.3
97,994
56.4
11,879
10.8

175,679
111,368
63.4
101,961
58.0
9,407
8.4

175,824
111,828
63.6
102,770
58.5
9,057
8. 1

173,656
110,735
63.8
99,316
57.2
11,419
10.3

174,951
112,035
64.0
102,606
58.6
9,429
8.4

175,121
112,136
64.0
102,941
58.8
9,195
8.2

175,533
112,215
63.9
103,190
58.8
9,026
8.0

175,679
112,693
64. 1
103,892
59.1
8,801
7.8

74,528
58,220
78.1
51,982
69.7
2,214
49,768
6,239
10.7

75,786
58,964
77.8
54,220
71.5
2,156
52,064
4,743
8.0

75,880
59,104
77.9
54,630
72.0
2,156
52,474
4,474
7.6

74,52 8
58,268
78.2
52,673
70.7
2,42S
50,248
5,595
9.6

75,327
59,053
78.4
54,457
72.3
2,336
52,121
4,596
7.8

75,433
59,050
78.3
54,658
72.5
2,374
52,284
4,392
7.4

75,692
59,299
78.3
54,999
72.7
2 , 3 56
52,643
4,300
7.3

75,786
59,394
78.4
55,266
72.9
2,409
52,857
4 , 128
7.0

83,699
44,234
52.8
40,411
48.3
544
39,868
3,823
8.6

8 4 , 962
45,223
53.2
42,048
49.5
509
41,539
3, 176
7.0

85,064
45,454
53.4
4 2,363
49.8
496
4 1,866
3,091
6.3

83,699
44,259
52.9
40,368
48.2
632
39,736
3,891
8.3

84,553
44,953
53.2
41,738
49.4
6 38
41,100
3,215
7.2

84,666
45,024
53.2
41,843
49.4
653
41,190
3,181
7. 1

8 4 , 8 60
44,981
5 3.0
41,798
49.3
625
4 1 , 174
3,132
7.1

84,96?
45,258
53.3
42,138
49.6
640
41,498
3 , 120
6.9

15,429
7,418
48.1
5,601
36.3
213
5,388
1,818
24.5

14,931
7,181
48.1
5,693
38.1
192
5,501
1,488
20.7

14,880
7,270
48.9
5,778
38.8
220
5,558
1,492
20.5

15,429
8,208
53.2
6,275
40.7
329
5,946
1,93 3
23.6

15,072
8,029
53.3
6,411
42.5
283
6 , 128
1,618
20.2

15,022
8,062
53.7
6,440
42.9
329
6 , 111
1,622
20. 1

14,981
7,935
53.0
6,392
42.7
290
6,102
1,543
19.4

14,93 1
8,041
53.9
6,488
43.5
346
6,142
1,553
19.3

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstltuti nal population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio' . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstltutlonal population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio* . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstltutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio' . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear In the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.




* Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstltutional population,

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population by race, ex, age, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers In thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

Not seasonally adjustei

Kar.
1983

Feb.
198a

Seasonally adjusted'

H. r .
1< 84

aar.
1983

Nov.
1983

Dec.
1983

150,382

151,324

151,484
97,724
64.5

Jan.
1984

Feb.
1984

la r .
1984

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

150,382

95,599
63.6
86,335
57.4

152,079
96,971
63.8

15>,285
97,514

89,724
59.0

93,619
59.5
5,895
7.1

9,214
9.6

7,248
7.5

51,298
78.5

51,916
73.2
4 8 , 166

46,320
70.9
4,977
9.7

72.5
3,750
7.2

64.0

52,126

7. 1

3, 607
6.9

73.6
3,474
6.7

38,884
52.9

37,664

2 6,64 3
49.9

34,846

38,489
52.7
3 6 , 177
49.6
2,312
6.0

36,292
49.7
2,264
5.9

6.7

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

6,629
51.9
5,134
40.2
1,495
22.6
25.0
19.9

6,378
51.8
5,202
42.2
1,176
18.4
19.6
17.2

6,503
53.0
5,324
4 3.4

18,823
11,416
60.6
9 , 102
48.4
2,314
20.3

19,222
11,655
60.6
9,752
50.7
1,904
16.3

19,248
11,692

5,440
74.5
4,359
59.7
1,081
19.9

5,b30
74.8
4,770
63.4
860
15.3

5,619
74.5
4,722

5,315
57.3

5,356
56.3

4,369

4,598
48.4
758
14.2

49.6
2,322
6.0

7,129
7. 3

90,779
59.9
6,945

52,021
78.9
48,414
7 3.5

52.1
34,931
48.3
2,742
7.3

3 8,67 8
52.7
36,356

58.2
8,735
9. 1

9 7 , 559
64.5
90,430
59.8

51,320
78.6
46,942
71.9
4,373
8.5

78.4
4 8,652
73.1
3,474

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

37,672

96,265
64.0
87,530

2,241
5.8

52.1
48.2
2,818

7.5

52,270

78.9
48,589

78.8
48,964
73.8

38,556
5 2.8

7,049
56.7
5,839
47.0

18,823
11,573
61.5
9,249
49. 1
2 , 324
20.1

19,057
11,623

50.2
2,060
17.7

50.2
, 2 , 068

5,466
74.8

5,568
74.9
4,701

62.6

4,420
60.5

897
16.0

1,04 6
19. 1

5,565
74.7
4,722
63.4
843

5,413
56.8
4,657
4 3.9
756

5,325
57.4
4,400
47.4
925
17.4

1,210
17.2
17.6
16.6

59.9
6,768
6.9

52,063

7,231
57.0
5,742
45.0
1,539
21.1
22.6
19.6

1 , 179
18.1
19.3
16.9

151,939
97,813
64.4
91,044

3,306
6.3
38,505
52.6
36,180
49.4

2,325
6.0

152,079
98,167

152,285
98,424

64.6

64.6

91,544
60. 2

91 , 8 4 5

6,623
6.7

60.3
6, 580
6.7

52,335
78.8
49,149
74.0
3,186
6. 1

52,398
78.8
49,343
74.2
3,055

3»,726
52.8

38,873

36,465
49.7
2,261
5.8

52.9
36,570
49.8
2 , 303

5.9

7,105
57.2
5,898
47.5
1,207
17.0
17.5
16.5

7 , 0 38
56.9
5,900
47.7
1,138
16.2
17.8
14.5

7 , 106
57.7
5,930
48. 1

5,932
4fl. 3

1,176
16.5
16.4
16. 7

1,221
17. 1
17. 3
16. H

19,086
11,650
61.0
9,582

19,196
11,660

1,953
16.7

19,222
11,881
61.8
9,958
51.8
1,923
16.2

19,248
11,867
61.7
9,896
51.4
1,972
16.6

5,621
74.8
4,789
63.7
833
14.8

5,677
75.4
4,877
64.8
800
14.1

5,660
75.0
4,789
63.5

5,277
55.6
4,522
47.7
755

5,408
56.9
4,630
48.7
777
14.4

5,425
57.0
4,690

796
36. 4
450
20.6
346
43.5
46.7
39.9

783
35.9
417
19.1

7 , 1*3
58. 3

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2 —
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
,
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

47.1

946
17.8

661
29.5
375
16.7
287
43.3
46.8
38-9

669
30.6
384
17.6
285
42.6
48.4
36.1

60.7
9,741

50.6
1,951
16.7

14.0

E60
30.3
363
16.6
298
45.1
44.4
46.0

782
34.9
429
19.1
353
45. 1
46.5
43. 5

61.0
9,563

63.2
867
15.6

17.8

15.1

60.7
9,707

50.6

5,270
55.9

5,303
56.2

4,448
47.2
822
15.6

4,461
47.3
842
15.9

785
35.6

782
35.6

762
34.7

414
18.8
371
47.3
44.9
50.0

399
18.2
383
49.0
46.4
51.9

397
18. 1
365
47.9
47.1
48.8

9,677
6,232
64.4
5,463
56.5
769

9,735
6,267
64.4
5,540

9,778
6,336

14.3

871
15.4

49.2
735
13.5

366
46.7
44.4
49.6

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

9,551
5,998
62.8
5,017
52.5
980
16.3

9,906
6,167

62.3
5,477
55.3
690
11.2

' The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical
numbers appear In the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
2
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.




10,080

6 , 392
63.4
5 , 6 36
55.9

756
11.8

9,551
6,070
63.6
5 , 114

5 3.5
956
15.7

12.3

56.9
727
11.6

64.8
5,627
57.6
708
11.2

9,906
6,292
63.5
5,652

10,080
6,484

57. 1
639
10.2

57. 1
733

64.3
5,751

11.3

NOTE: Detail for the above race and HIspanlc-orlgin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and HIspanlcs are included
In both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Selected employment Indicators
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Category
lar.
1983

Feb.
1984

Mac.
1983

Hac.
1984

NOT.

1983

Dec.
1983

Jan.
1984

nac.

Feb.
1984

1984

CHARACTERISTIC
97,994
3 7 , 152
24,316
5,066

Civilian employed, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

101,961
38,250
25,162
5,389

102,770
33,499
25,340
5,417

99,316
37,545
24,220

102,606
38,388
25,057

102,941
38,494
25,140

103,190
38,682
24,947

5,093

5,236

5,254

1,270
1,427
160

1,268
1,446
158

1,558
1,584

212

1,481
1,556
224

1,512
1,572

87,271
15,746
71,526
1,184
70,342
7,378
374

91,090
16,075
7S005
1,154
73,851
7,731
293

91,874
16,082
75;792
1,111
74,681

88,078
15,479
72,599
1,234
71,365

7,670
354

7,456
344

91,094
15,585
75,509
1,216
74,293
7,800
474

9 1 , 151
71,950

9*>,249
76,255
5,634

95,623

76,850

90,450
72,035

1,706
3,928
13,360

3,823

93,834
75,398
5,848
1,719
4,129
12,588

5,29 3

103,892
38,911
25,212
5,346

104,140
3 8 , 927
25,239
5,444

1,443
1,613
233

1,560
1,609
232

1,515
1,580
1S8

91,422
15,481
75,941
1,241
74,700
7,734
450

91,641
15,535
76,106
1,197
74,909

92,370
15,822
76,557

9 2 , 81<3
15,813
77,006
1 ,155
75,851

94,173
75,802
5,712
1,672
4,040
12,659

94,707
76,237

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural Industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,309
1,450

265

265

1,219
75,339
7,849
330

7,936
364

7,755
326

PERSONS AT WORK1
Nonagricultural industries
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Usually work full time
Usually work part time
Part time for noneconomic reasons

6,023
1,966
4,057
13,178

5,319
1,496
13,454

6,169
1,934
4,215
12,246

95,067
76,715
5,808
1,611
4,197
12,545

5,943
1,771
4,172
12,527

94,982
77,004
5,463
1,472
3,991
12,515

' Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such
reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

Table A-5. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force,
seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Quarterly averages
Measure

II
U-1

U-2

Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force

U-3

Unemployed-persons 25 years and over as a percent of the
civilian labor force
Unemployed full-time jobseekers as a percent of the full-time
civilian labor force
Total unemployed as a percent of the labor force, Including the
resident Armed Forces

U-Sa

1984

III

IV

Jan.

Feb.

Bar.

Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the
civilian labor force

U-4

Monthly data

1984

1983

U-Sb

Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force

U-6

Total full-time jobseekers plus Vt part-time jobseekers plus V» total on pan time
for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less Vi of the
part-time labor force
.-

U-7

Total full-time jobseekers plus Vi part-time jobseekers plus Vt total on part
time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of the
civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less Vi of the
part-time labor force

N.A. - not available.




4.2

4.0

6.2

6.0

8.1

7.9

10.3

10.0

10.2

10.0

3.7
5.4

7.3

9.3

9.3

3.1

2.7

2.9

2.6

2.5

4.7

4.2

4.3

4.2

4.1

6.6

6.1

6.2

6.1

5.9

8.3

7.6

7.8

7.5

7.5

8.4

7.8

7.9

7.7

7.7
7.8

10.4

10.1

9.4

8,5

7.9

8.0

7.8

13.4

12.9

12.2

11.2

10.5

10.8

10.4

10.3

14.9

14.4

13.5

12.4

11.6

H.A.

N.A.

N.A.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Selected unemployment Indicators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousands)

Unemployment rates1

Category

Rar.
1983

Pob.
1984

tar.
1984

lar.
1983

Nov.
1983

Dec,
1983

Jan.
1984

Feb.
1984

Bar.
1984

CHARACTERISTIC
11,41-9
6,673
5,595
4,746
3,891
1,93 3

8,801
4,946
4,128
3,855
3,120
1 ,553

8,772
4,867
4,020
3,905
3,144
1,608

10.3
10.7
9.6
9.9
8.8
23.6

8.
8.
7.
8.
7.
20.

8.2
8.3
7.4
8. 1
7. 1
20.1

8.0
8.1
7.3
7.9
7. 1
19.4

7.8
7.8
7.0
7.8
6.9
19.3

7.8
7.7
6.8
7.9
6.9
19.9

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse prei«nt
Women who maintain families

2,884
1,975
784

1,993
1,579
658

1,910
1 .560
67 3

7. 1
7.5
13. 3

5.
6.
10.

5.2
6. 1
10.9

5.0
6.0
10.7

4.9
5.9
11.0

4.7
5.8
11.0

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Labor force time lost*

9,744
1,665

7,283
1,459

7, 101
1,465

10.2
10.6
11.7

9.
9,

8.0
9.8
9.4

7.5
9.3
3.9

8.8

10.7
19.2
20.2
12.8
14.3
10.8
7.6
10.9
7.3
5.7
15.9

8.6
12.8
15,6
8,9
9.0
8.7
6.7
9.1
6,7
4.9
15.7

8.3
12.4
16.3
8.3
8.3
8.2
6.5
8.3
6.6
5.0
15.6

7.
12.
15.
7.
7.
7.
5.9
8.3
6.3
4.5
14.0

7.6
11.2
13.3
7.5
7.8
7.2
5.0
8.3
6.4
4.4
14.6

Total, I6years and over

,

Men, 16 years and over

Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16to 19years

a,

7.8
9. 2
9.2

INDUSTRY
Nonagrlcultural private wage and salary workers

Mining
Construction

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utltities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service Industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

8,714
210
1,071
2,807
1,838
969
437
2,251
1,938

943
295

6,478
127
881
1 ,645
94 9
696
346
1 ,776
1,703
747
253

6,349
112
776
1,651
1,008
643
297
1,768
1,745
736
260

7.9
10.9

reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.

• Unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force.
' Aggregate hours- lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic

Table A-7. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Weeks of unemployment
flat.
1983

Feb.
1984

Bar.
1984

lap,
1983

Mov.
1983

Dec.
1993

Jan.
1984

Feb.
1984

Har.
1984

3,127
3,423
5,330
2,352
2,978

3,157
2,986
3,264
1,354
1,910

2 , 9 83
2 , 7 35
3,339
1,417
1,923

3,53$
3,173
4,587
1,8(51
2,726

3,328
2,616
3,527
1,337
2,190

3,382
2,504
3,369
1,284
2,085

3,233
?»556
\166
2,035

3,359
2,484
2,984
1,173
1,810

3,386
2,539
2, 873
1,114
1,759

20.7
12.9

19.2
3.3

20.2
10.3

19,2
10,4

20.2
9,4

19.6
9.0

20.5
9.2

18.8
8.3

18.8
8.3

100.0
26.3
28.8
44.9
19.8
25.1

100.0
33.6
31.7
34.7
14.4
20.3

100.0
32.9
30.2
36.9
15.6
21.2

100,0
31.3
28.1
40.6
16.5
24, 1

100,0
35.1
27.6
37.2
14.1
23.1

100.0
36.5
27.1
36.4
13.9
22.5

100.0
38.1
28. 1
33.8
13.3
20.5

100.0
38.5
28.9
32.7
12.7
20.0

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

J,201

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over




100,
36.
28.
35.
13.
22.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Reason for unemployment
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Reason
Bar.
1983

Feb.
1984

Bar.
1984

Max.
1983

HOT.

1983

Dec.
1983

Jan.
1984

Feb.
1984

Bar.
1984

7,560
2,336
5,224
854
2,407
1,056

5,471
1,613
3,858
787
2,168
981

5,089
1,452
3,637
730
2,157
1,082

6,848
2,005
4,843
888
2,460
1,182

5,226
1,321
3,905
868
2,250
1,154

5,017
1,283
3,734
855
2,246
1,150

4,825
1,238
3,588
809
2,192
1,175

4,737
1,272
3,465
772
2,153
1,092

4,614
1,254
3 , 360
756
2,208
1,213

100.0
63.7
19.7
44.0
7.2
20.3
8.9

100.
58.
17.
41.
8.
23.0
10.4

100.0
56.2
16.0
40.2
8.1
23.8
11.9

100.
60.
17.
42.
7.
21.
10.4

100.
55.
13.
41,
9.
23.
12.

100.0
54.1
13.8
40.3
9.2
24.2
12.4

100.0
53.6
13.7
39.9
9.0
24.4
13. 1

100.0
54.1
14.5
39.6
8.8
24.6
12.5

100
52
14
38
8,
25
13.8

6.9

4.9
.7
1.9
.9

4.6
.7

6.2

4.2
.7
1.9
1.0

4.1
.7
2.0
1.1

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

:

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

.8
2.2
1.0

1.9
1.0

.8
2.2
1.1

4.7
.8
2.0
1.0

4.5
.8
2.0

1.0

4.3
.7
2.0
1.0

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousands)

Sex and age

Bar.
1983

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16to17years
18to19years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years

55 years and over
Men, 16 years and o v e r . . .
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years.
25 years and over

25 to 54 years
55 years and over . . .
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and oyer
25 to 54 years
55 years and over . . .
1

Feb.
1984

Mar.
1984

11,419
4,398
1,933
786
1,157
2,465
€,999
6,209
807

8,801

8,772

3,410

3,467

1,553

5,405
4,742
636

1,608
7 12
904
1,859
5,279

4 , 6 47
643

6,673

4,946

4,867

2,486
1,078
431

1,857
818
337

1,869
847

649

469

1,408
4 , 178

3,656

1,039
3,089
2,686

518

396

4,746

3,855

1,912

1,552
735

855
355
508
1,057
2,821
2,553
289

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.




Unemployment rate*'

663
881
1,857

326
412
817
2,316
2,057
240

376
472
1,022
2,988
2,569
408
3,905
1,598
761

3 36
432
837
2,291
2,078

235

Dec.
198 3

Jan.
1984

Feb.
1984

Hac.
1984

8,4
15.4
20.2
21.9
19.3
13.0

8.2
14.9
20. 1

8.0
14.8
19.4
21.9
17.6
12.5

7.
14.
19.
22.
17.
11.

6.5
6.9
4.9

6.4
6.8
4.9

6.2
6.5
4.7

6.
6.

7.8
14.4
19.9
23.1
18.1
11.6
5.9

10.7
19,4
25.1
26.3
24.4
16.6
8.4

8.6
15.9
20.2
22.0
19.6
13.8

8.3
15.6
20.4
23.3
18.9
13.3

8. 1
15.6
20.8
21.6
19.6
13.1

7.8
14.6
19.7
21.6
18.1
12.1

6.8

9.0

7. 1
5,4

6.5
6.7
5.4

6.2
6.6

NOT.

1983

1983

10.3
18,2

23.6
25.4
22.6
15.4
8.1
8,7

5.4

5.8

9.9
16.8
21.9
24.4

20.6
14.)
7.7
8.3
4.8

22.9
18.8
12.2

8.2
14.7
20.1
21.8
19.0
12.0

8.1
14.0
19.8
22.5
18.7
11.0

6.2
6.6

6.3

4.1

6.8
4.3

4.8

7.9
13.9
18.0
22.2
15.4
11.7

6.2
6.5
4.5

4.3

6. 1
6.4
4.5
7.8
13.7
18.9

22.6
16.9
11.0
6.1

6.5
4.0

6.3
4.3
7.
14.
20.
23.
18.
11.
5.

6.
4.6
7.9
14.2
19.8
23.1
18.1
11.3

6.0
6.5
3.9

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Employment status of black and other workers
(Numbers in inousandg)
Noli
Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not In labor force

Mar.
1983

Feb.
1984

Mac.
1984

•far.
1983

23,275
14,274
61.3
11,609
49.9

23,600

23,539
14,314

23,275
14,461
62.1
11,777

2,665
18.7
9,000

14,397
61.0
12,237
51.9
2,159
15.0

9,204

1

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

60.8
1 2 , 151
51.6
2,163
15. 1

9,225

1983

Dec.
198 3

Jan.
1984

Feb.
1984

Har.
1984

23,627

23,637
14,539
61.5
12,171
51.5
2,368
16.3
9,098

23,594
14,425
61.1
12,179
51.6

23,600
14,593
61.8
12,417

23,539

14,509
61.4
12,171
51.5
2,338
16.1
9,118

2,246

2 , 176
14.9
9,007

HOT.

50.6
2,684
18.6
8,814

14,521
61.7
12,325
52.4
2 , 195
15.1
9,018

52.6

15.6
9,169

* Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.

Table A-11. Occupational status of the employed and unemployed, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers In thousands)
Civilian employed
Occupation

Bar.
1983

Har.
1984

Unemployment rate

Unemployed

Har.
1983

Har.
1984

Mar.
1983

Har.
1984

97,994

102,770

11,879

9,057

10. 6

8.1

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

23,435
10,583
12,852

24,969
11,509
13,460

840
453
387

608
35C
257

3.5
4. 1
2.9

2.4
3.0
1.9

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, Including clerical

30,715
3,005
11,549
16,161

31,826
3,188
12,185
16,452

2,218
162
890
1, 166

1,755
84
723
948

6.7
5.1
7.2
6.7

5.2
2.6
5.6
5.5

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

13,507
1,640
10,904

13,940
898
1,604
11,438

1,792
66
137
1,588

1,473
84
114
1,274

11.7
6.4
7.7

9.6
8.6
6.6

12.7

10.0

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

11,774
4,116
3,867
3,791

12,563
4,257
4,204
4,102

1,872
396
958
519

1,264
284
691
289

13.7
8.8
19.9
12.0

9.1
6.3
14. 1
6.6

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and Inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

15,404
7,522
3,987
3,895
479
3,417

16,437
7,885
4,321
4,231
567
3,664

3,566
1,737
777
1,052
262
790

2,421
1,027
545
850
216
634

18.8
18.8
16.3
21.3
35.3
18.8

12.8
11.5
11.2
16.7
27.6
14.8

3,157

3,035

456

381

12.6

11.2

Total, 16 years and over'

Farming, forestry, and fishing
'Persons with no previous work experience and those whose last job was in the Armed
Forces are included in the unemployed total.




962

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Tablo A-12. Employment atatus of mala Vlstnam-ara vatarana and nonvatarana by aga, not saasonally adjust sd
(Number* In thousands)

Civilian labor force

ChrHlan
Veteran status
and age

nonmstitutional
population

Unemployed
Total

Employed
Percent of
labor force

Mar.
1983

Bar.
1984

Mar.
1983

flar.
1984

liar.
1983

Har.
1984

8.270
6,509
916
2,465
3,128
1,761

7,914
5,617
542
1,855
3,220
2,297

7,773
6,210
857
2,339
3,014
1,56 3

7,412
5,379
507
1,761
3,111
2,033

6,938
5,488
687
2,040
2,761
1,450

6,915
4,996
459
1,611
2,926
1,919

835
722
170
299
253
113

497
383
48
150
185
114

10.7
11.6
19.8
12.8
8.4
7.2

19,377
8,520
6,512
4,345

2C, 793
6,889
7,222
4,682

19,544
8,274
6,830
4,440

16,280
6,900
5,586
3,794

18,078
7,526
6,375
4,177

2,017

1,466
748
455
263

11.0
13.9

Mar.
1983

Sar.
1984

flar.
1983

Hac.
1984

VETERANS
Total, 25 years and over
25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 years and over
NONVETERANS

Total, 25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years

18,297
8,016
6,156
4,125

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served In the Armed Forces between
August 5,1964 and May 7,1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served In the Arm-




1,116
570
331

9.3
8.0

7.5
9.0
6.7
5.9

ed Forces; published data are limited to those 25 to 39 years of age, the group that most
closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Persons not In labor force by reason, sex, and race, quarterly averages
(In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted
Reason, MX, and net
1983

1983

1980
II

198a
III

TOTAt
Total not In labor forca

63,739

64,272

62,805

62,680

62,392

62,938

63,072

56,941
8,289
3,903
28,184
13,053
3,507

57,823
8,412
4,013
28,335
13,544
3,518

56,104
6,607
3,975
2 8 , 3 SO
12,987
4,185

55,986
6,399
4,064
28,281
13,003
4,239

55,690
6,462
3,804
28,267
12,892
4,265

56,526
6,540
3,814
28,539
13,196
4,437

56,957
6,713
4,096
28,484
13,466
4, 198

6,797
1,933
702
1,360
1,872
1,499
373
931

6,450
1,788
730
1,470
1,417
1,000
417
1,044

6,452
1,641
656
1,390
1,765
1,403
357
1,000

6,540
1,518
701
1,436
1,726
1,316
411
1,159

6,756
1,832
841
1,442
1,610
1,197
413
1,032

6,335
1,538
868
1,384
1,457
1,046
411
1,089

6, 182
1,526
686
1,503
1,339
938
401
1,128

Total not in labor forca . .

20,186

20,532

19,657

19,455

19,337

19,626

19,752

Do not want a job now

17,769

18,329

17,227

17,187

16,968

17,473

17,753

2,417

2,203
962
357
528
357

2,187
869
289
695
334

2,203
775
308
683
436

2,409
1,079
379
607
345

2,173
826
380
620
346

2,013
806
337
486
38 5

Do not want • job now • .•
Currant activity:
Going to tchool.
III. disabled . . .
KaapinghouM .
Ratirad
Other
Want a job now
Ration not looking:

Want a job now
Reason not looking:

School attandanca
III haalth. disability . . .
Homa responsibilities..
Think cannot gat a job.
Job-markat factors'.
Personal f a c t o r s 3 . . .
Othar rations'

School attandanca
III haalth, disability . . .
Think cannot gat a Job.
Othar reasons'

Total not in labor forca . .

1,046
309
754
307

43,553

43,740

43,148

43,226

43,056

43,311

43,320

Do not want a job now

39,172

39,494

38,877

38,799

38,723

39,053

39,204

Want a job now
Ration not looking:

4,381

4,265

4,338

4,347

1,470
889
688

772
367
1,390
1,070
666

743
39 3
1,436
1,043
723

753
462
1,442
1,003
687

4, 162
711
488
1,384
836
743

4,168
720
349
1, 503
853
743

53,970

53,574

53,786

53,966

School attandanca
III haalth, disability . . .
Homa rtsponsibilltias..
Think cannot gat a job.
Othar rations

886
3 93
1,360
1,117
624

4,246
826
37 3

WW*
Total not in labor forca . .

54,733

55,017

Do not want a job now

49,817

50,431

49,114

49,132

48,849

49,099

49,702

Want a job now
Ration not looking:

11,917
1,384
487
1,020
1,284
742

4,585

4,775
1, 109
510
1,003
1,245
907

4,734
1,144
634
1,061
1,076
819

4,605

4, 447

1,233
536
1,068
953
796

4,734
1,215
4 86
1,053
1,194
787

1,105
615
1,039
974
872

1,082
534
1,100
384
847

Total not In labor forca . .

7,403

7,614

7,237

7,210

7,240

7,444

7,419

Do not want a job now

5,754

5,994

5,652

5,684

5,556

5,917

5,894

1,649
477
194
312
516
150

1,619
463
172
354
415
215

1,570
404
171
311
512
172

1,514
330
170
354
431
230

1,679
476
207
354
473
169

1,555
425
193
308
458
171

1,584
4 02
160
352
407
263

School attandanca
III haalth, disability . . .
Homa responsibilities..
Think cannot gat a job.
Othar reasons

53,947

Hack

Want a job now
Ration not looking:

1
1

School attandanca • • •
III haalth, disability . . .
Homa rtsponsibilltias..
Think cannot gat a job .
Othar reasons

Job markat factors Includa "could not find job" and "thinks no Job available."
Personal factors include "employers think too young or old," 'lacks education or training,"




"othar personal handicap."
9
Includes small number of man not looking for work because of home responsibilities.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A 1 * Employment status of the civilian population for ten large States
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjuatad1

Saaaonalty adjusted'

State and amploymant atatus
Mar.
1983

Feb.
1984

Mar.
1984

Mar.
1983

Nov.
1983

Dec.
1983

Jan.
1984

?eb.
1984

Mar.
1984

18,699
12,173
10,841
1 ,331
10.9

19,009
12,308
11,226
1,082
8.8

19,035
12,366
11,302
1,065
8.6

18,699
12,253
10,959
1,294
10.6

18,930
1 2 , 4 08
11,36 7
1,041
8.4

18,954
12,389
11,388
1,001
8.1

18,983
12,395
11,350
1,045
8.4

19,009
12,363
11,380
983
8.0

19,035
12,451
11,425
1,026
8.2

8,281
4,611
4,202
409
8.9

8,473
4,991
4 , 6 85
306
6.1

8,491
4,980
4,713
267
5.4

8,285
4,727
4,306
421
8.9

8,418
5,009
4,619
390
7.8

8,435
5,097
4,717
380
7.5

8,455
5 ,06 7
4,713
35 4
7.0

8,473
5,065
4,760
305
6.0

8,491
5,105
4,826
279
5.5

8,568
5 ,643
4,937
706
12.5

8,590
5 ,549
4,<>90
559
10.1

8,591
5 ,569
4,976
592
10.6

8,568
5 ,701
4,999
702
12.3

8,586
5,544
5 ,011
533
9.6

8,586
5 ,5 4 0
5 ,008
532
9.6

8,588
5,553
5 ,005
548
9.9

8,590
5,599
5,06 7
532
9.5

8,591
5 ,625
5 ,036
589
10.5

4,476
2,940
2,704
236
8. 0

4,501
2,986
2,797
189
6.3

4,503
3,002
2,826
175
5.8

4,476
2,96 3
2,740
223
7.5

4,496
3,014
2,814
200
6.6

4,497
3,017
2,823
194
6.4

4,499
3,028
2,831
197
6.5

4 , 5 01
3,033
2,86 0
173
5.7

4,503
3,026
2,865
161
5.3

6,749
4,238
3,517
722
17.0

6,733
4,245
3,709
5 35
12.6

6,731
4,296
3,757
539
12.5

6,749
4,324
3,647
677
15.7

6,740
4,216
3,696
520
12.3

6,737
4,241
3,748
493
11.6

6,736
4,207
3,722
485
11.5

6,733
4,305
3,815
490
11.4

6 ,731
4,385
3,891
494
11.3

5 ,734
3,574
3,250
325
9.1

5,779
3,761
3,508
25 3
6.7

5,783
3,800
3,518
282
7.4

5,734
3,598
3,297
301
8.4

5,769
3,685
3,428
257
7.0

5 ,772
3,762
3,503
259
6.9

5,776
3,774
3 , 5 03
271
7.2

5,779
3,811
3,575
236
6.2

5,783
3,822
3,565
25 7
6.7

,

13,535
8,024
7,234
790
9.8

13,609
7,995
7,346
649
8.1

13,613
8,076
7,45 8
618
7.7

13,535
8,010
7,278
732
9.1

13,596
8,098
7,476
622
7.7

13,599
8,056
7,455
601
7.5

13,605
7,939
7 ,353
586
7.4

13,609
8,024
7,432
592
7.4

13,613
8,061
7,501
560
6.9

Civilian noninstitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

8 ,049
5 ,015
4,329
686
13.7

8,05 0
4,925
4,426
499
10.1

8,05 0
4,940
4,415
525
10.6

8,049
5 ,097
4,425
672
13.2

8,051
5,113
4,557
556
10.9

8,05 0
5,097
4,561
5 36
10.5

8,05 0
5 ,095
4,619
476
9.3

8,05 0
5 ,082
4,607
4*5
9.3

8,05 0
5 ,025
4,513
512
10.2

9,173
5 ,320
4,582
738
13.9

9 ,200
5,344
4,758
586
U.O

9,202
5 ,278
4,772
5 06
9.6

9,173
5 ,402
4,690
712
13.2

9,195
5 ,554
4,96 9
585
10.5

9,196
5,519
4,943
576
10.4

9,198
5,451
4,997
45 4
8.3

9,200
5 ,421
4,888
533
9.8

9 , 2 02
5,365
4,887
478
8.9

11,180
7,537
6 ,881
656
8.7

11,455
7,625
7 ,175
45 0
5.9

11,480
7 ,790
7,281
509
6.5

11 , 3 7 8
7 ,657
7,124
533
7.0

11,402
7,743
7,146
597
7.7

11,429
7 ,648
7,118
530
6.9

11,455
7,632
7,199
433
5.7

11,480
7,817
7,307
510
6.5

California
Civilian noninstitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida
Civilian noninstitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Illinois
Civilian noninstitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Maaaachuaette
Civilian noninstitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Michigan
Civilian noninstitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Jersey

Civilian noninstitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed

Unemployment rate
New York

Civilian noninstitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Onto

Pennsylvania
Civilian noninstitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Texas
Civilian noninstitutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

' These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimate* used In the administration of
Federal fund allocation programs.




11,180
7,567
6,908
659
8.7

• The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore. Identical numbers
appear In the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted columns.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Industry
Mar.
1983

Total
Total private

Jan.
1984

Feb.
1984

'•la r .
1984

Mar-.
1983

Nov.
1983

Dec.
1983

Jan.
1984

Feb.
1984

88.172

90.635

91.133

9 1 . 7 8 8 88.814

91.355

91.930

92.3<.7

72.121

74,889

75.111

7 5 . 6 9 9 73,090

75.579

76,?. 88

76.571

24.UH

2 4 . 3 2 9 23.030

1.040
657.1

22.615

23.985

24,311

24,415

24.617

24.772

Mining
Oil and gas extraction

996
623. 8

1.043
660.3

1.044
653.9

1.006
636

1.045
65 5

1.047
663

1.051
662

1.05 3
661

Construction
General building contractors

3.453
3,772
3.767
3.835
8 9 1 . - . 1 . 0 1 4 . 0 1 . 0 0 6 . 1 1.024.0-

3.757
964

4.094
1,062

4,088
1.075

4.177
1.108

4.228
1.114

Goods-producing

Manufacturing
Production workers

18.166
12.241

19.17C
13.122

19,3", 7
13.245

19.45< 18.267
1 3 . 3 7 4 12.323

19,172
13.147

19.280
13.230

19,389
13,322

19.491
13.435

Durable goods
Production workers

lu.596.9*4

11.364
7.623

11.469
7,719

1 1 . 5 8 4 10.617
7.817
6,961

11.32r
7.601

11.406
7,665

11.477
7,725

11.567
7.803

62J. 5
*31.3
5*1.9
820.8
332.6
1.359.7
2.044.3
1.980.J
1.729.7
724.6
688.2
373.1

688.8
476.9
569.4
869.2
337.0
1.446.4
2.184.4
2,158.8
1.886.0
846.3
7 0 3 . ir»
381.0

693.8
481.7
575.3
875.6
338.8
1.454.0
2.206.3
2.177.8
1.912.3
864.6
703.9
388.0

704.0
483.1
585.4
882.5
340.7
1,465.7
2.229.6
2.200.1
1.931.1
876.3
709.3
392.7

638
433
559
816
330
1.362
2,030
1 .988
1 .723
725
691
377

714
470
590
871
342
1.438
2.158
2.128
1.862
821
701
388

715
473
589
881
343
1,449
2.172
2.146
1.887
846
701
393

717
477
593
872
336
1.458
2.187
2,165
1.909
871
706
393

719
48 2
602
878
33 8
1.46 1
2.202
2.189
1.930
880
707
39 7

7.576
5,297

7.806
5,499

7,838
5.526

7,866
5.557

7.650
5,362

7,852
5.546

7.874
5.565

7.912
5.597

7.924
5.602

1.589.8 1.581.2
63.4
60.8
759.9
760.1
1.188.0 1.210.3
666.9
668.3
1.309.5 1.314.2
1.057.3 1.061.0
187.7
186.8
769.6
780.7
213.5
214.3

1.581.1
60.5
763.4
1.215.1
669.8
1.321.4
1.065.3
188.2
789.2
212.4

1.619
67
730
1.143
652
1,269
1,056
1S9
699
216

1.633
61
75 8
1.199
666
1.301
1.061
193
762
218

1.632
62
759
1,206
6 7C
1,3 03
1.064
192
769
217

1.642
61
766
1.210
671
1,310
1.065
192
777
218

1.639
61
763
1.214
674
1.313
1.065
191
786
218

6 7 . 4 5 9 65.784

67.57 5

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Bl.ast furnaces and basic steel products ..
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

1.562.1
63.7
727.5
1.144.1
648.9
1.271.2
1.055.3
195.2
695.1
212.6
65,557

6t>.650

67.019

67,044

67.184

67.313

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communication and public utilities

4,913
2.659
2.254

4,991
2.739
2.252

4.996
2,749
2.248

5.013
2.766
2.247

4.963
2.695
2.268

5.019
2.749
2.270

5.015
2,747
2.269

5,057
2,792
2,2o6

2.8J3

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

5,145
3.009
2.136

5.300
3.132
2.168

5.313
3.146
2.167

5.343
3.165
2.178

5,176
3,018
2.158

5.291
3.114
2.178

5.313
3.132
2.182

5,343
3.150
2.194

5.361
3.167
2.195

14.610
2.099.3
Z.ntt.2
1,580.3
4.723.7

15.300
2.325.6
2.513.2
1,642.1
4.683.8

15,128
2.199.0
2.505.0
1.641.6
4.680.4

15.192 15,174
2.182.7
2.182
2.497.5
?,476
1.650.3
1.596
4.763.1
4,875

15.427
2.246
2.510
1.636
4.899

15.468
2.228
2.509
1.639
4,910

15.517
2.265
2.528
1.649
4.925

15.564
2.262
2.535
1.665
4.911

5.359
2.68
1.706
97*

5.514
2.772
1,722
1.020

5.521
2.777
1.725
1.019

5.391
2.683
1.707
1.0C2

5.515
2.763
1.717
1.035

5.525
2.767
1.718
1.04C

5,553
2.772
1.727
1.053

5.566
2.782
1.731
1.353

19.279 19.799
20,039
2 0 . 2 8 4 19.356
3.403.1 3.81C.4 3.835.9 3.906.6
3.434
5.906
5.893.8 5.981.8 5,991.9 6 . 0 2 0 . ?

20.016
3.748
5.983

20.093
3.808
5.994

20.101
3.833
5,994

20.241
3.890
6.010

15.776
2.763
3.646
9.367

15.770
2.768
3.646
9,356

15.742
2.762
3.643
9,337

15.776
2.760
3.668
9.350

Service-producing

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations....
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate
Services
Business services
Health services
Government
Federal
State
Local
p = preliminary.




16,u51
2.731
3.723
9,59 8

15.746
2.740
3.619
9,388

16.^22
2.746
3.748
9.528

5.538
2.787
J. 727
1.C24

1 6 . 0 8 9 15.724
2.750
2.742
3.765
3.626
9.57*
9.356

5.06 7
2.264

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by industry
I seasonally adjusted
Industry

Mar.
1983

Jan.
1984

Feb.
1984 p

Mar.
1984 p

Mar.
1983

Nov.
1983

Dec.
1983

Jan.
1984

Feb.
Mar.
1984 P 1984

34.7

35.0

35.1

35.'

34.8

35.2

35.3

Mining

41.8

43.4

43.2

42.7

(2)

(21

(2)

Construction

36.4

36.3

37.0

(2)

(21

(2)

(21

(2)

(2)

Manufacturing
Overtime hours

39.6
i.S

40.6
3.4

40.7
3.4

40.6
3.4

39.5
2.6

4C.6
3.?

4^.5
3.4

41.C
3.5

41.0
3.6

40.5
3.4

Durable goods
Overtime hours

40.1
2.5

41.3
3.5

41.4
3.6

41.3
3.6

39.9
2.5

41.2
3.5

41.1
3.5

41.8
3.7

41.7
3.7

41.1
3.6

39.4
38.6
40.4
39.7
33.1
39.9
40. 0
40.0
41.8
42.5
40.2
39.0

39.4
39.0
40.9
41.9
40.9
41.4
41.8
41.2
42.9
44.3
41.1
38.9

39.7
39.1
41.5
42.0
41.2
41.5
42.0
41.1
42.9
44.0
41.1
39.6

39.5
39.2
41.4
41.ft
41.1
41.4
41.9
41.1
42.9
44.5
41.0
39.3

39.5
38.3
40.6
39.4
37.8
39.7
39.7,
39.8
41.7
42.9
40.0
(21

39.7
39.7
41.7
41.6
4C.4
41.4
41.3
41.1
42.5
43.8
40.6
(2)

39.7
40.1
41.6
41.8
41.3
41.4
41.4
40.9
41.9
42.5
40.7
(2)

40.8
40.2
42.3
41.9
40.8
41.8
41.8
41.4
43.4
41.4
(2)

40.4
39.7
42. o
42.0
41.1
41.9
42.0
*1.3
43.2
44.4
41.2
(2)

39.6
38.9
41.6
41.5
4C .8
41.2
41.5
40.8
42.8
44.=
40.8
(2)

3*.9
2.6

39.5
3.1

39.6
3.1

39.6
3.1

39.0
2.7

39.7
3.1

39.7
3.2

40.0
3.2

•+0.0
3.3

39.6
3.2

38.8
36.3
39.7
35.7
42.0
37.5
41.2
44.0
40.6
35.7

39.4
18.1
40.3
36.1
43.1
37.5
42.0
44.1
42.0
36.7

39.2
36.2
40.6
36.7
42.9
37.6
42.0
43.5
42.1
37.0

39.3
37.4
40.4
36.7
42.6
37.9
41.9
44.2
41.7
36.3

39.2
(2)
39.6
35.6
42.1
37.4
41.2
44.9
(2)
36.0

39.5
(21
40.7
36.4
43.0
37.9
41.8
43.6
(2)
37.2

39.4
(2)
40.7
36.5
43.0
37.6
41.9
44.7
(2)
37.0

39.6
(21
41.1
37.3
43.2
37.9
42.2
45.1
(21
37.3

39.8
(?»
40.9
37.1
43.3
37.9
42.2
44.6
(2)
37.3

39.7
(21
4r.3
36.6
42.7
37.7
41.9
45.'
(?)
36.6

Total private

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal Industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

(2)

45'.'4

35.4

35.2

(21

(2)

38.7

39.1

39.1

39.1

38.8

39.2

39.4

39.5

39.3

39.2

Wholesale trade

38.3

38.6

38.4

38.4

38.4

38.7

33.7

38.8

33.7

38.5

Retail trade

29.3

29.4

29.4

29.5

29.7

30.0

30.4

30.1

30.0

29.9

Finance, insurance, and real estate

36.0

36.6

36.3

36.2

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Services

32.6

32.6

32.6

32.6

32.7

32.7

32.6

32.8

32.7

32.7

Transportation and public utilities

,

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; to construction
workers in construction; and to nonsupervlsory workers In transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private
nonagricultural payrolls.




' This series Is not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is
small relative to the trend-cycle and/or Irregular components and consequently cannot
be separated with sufficient precision.
p « preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural
payrolls by industry
Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

Industry

Total private
Seasonally adjusted
Mining

$7.90
7.91

$3.26
3.23

11.19

11.56

S8.24
8.25

S8.24
8.?3

Transportation and public utilities

Feb.
1 98 J

lar.
1984

S289.10 $289.22 $283.40
291.34 290.40
292.17
501.70

493.6"

11.96

434.98

438.14

437.74

8.74

9.09

9.08

9.11

346.10

369.05

3o9.56

369.87

9.29
7.68
6.51
9.13
11.24
12.85
9.05
9.46
8.60
11.49
11.89
8.47
6.75

9.66
7.88
6.76
9.43
11.37
12.79
9.34
9.92
8.89
12.0 8
12.55
8.74
7.03

9.66
7.08
6.76
9.40
1! .46
13.08
9.34
9.94
8.86
12. r5
12.46
8.71
6.99

9.68
7.83
6.78
9.40
i L.47
13.C7
9.34
9.95
8.87
12.18
12.73
8.75
6.99

372.53
302.59
251.29
368.85
446.23
489.59
361.10
378.40
344.00
480.23
505.33
340.49
263. 25

398.96
310.47
263.64
385.69
476.40
523.11
386.08
414.66
306.27
518.23
555.97
359.21
273.47

3 99.92
312.84
264.32
390.10
481.32
538.90
387.61
417.48
364.15
516.95
548.24
357.98
27o.30

399.78
3J9.29
265.78
339.16
479.45
537.13
386.68
416.91
364.56
522.52
566.49
358.75
27*.71

8.00
8.16
10.43
6.11
5.33
9.67
9.03
10.39
13.28
7.92
5.52

3.27
a.38
10.74 |
6.41 |
5.51
10.22
9.28
10.90
13.47
8.20
5.67

8.24
8.35
11.10
6.42
5.46
U .21
9.30
10.89
13.43
8.19
5.67

8.27
8.37
11.28
6.42
5.50
lf.25
9.30
10.89
13.56
8.19
5.67

311.2C
316.61
378.61
242.57
190.28
406.14
338.63
428.07
584.32
321.55
197.06

326.67
3^0.17
409.19
257.92
198.91
440.48
348.00
457.80
594.03
344.40
208.09

.326.30
327.32
401,82
260.65
200.38
438.01
349.68
457.38
584.21
344.80
209.It

327.49
323.94
421.87
259.3T
201.85
436.65
352.47
••56.29
599.35
341.52
2:5.32

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products...
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

$274.13
275.27

11.56

11.95

Construction

Jan.
1984

•lar.
1983

lar
1984P

Feb
1984P

Jan .
1984

Mar.
1983

10.68

11.05

11.01

11.00

413.32

432.06

430.49

430.10

Wholesale trade

8.27

8.6Q

8.65

8.64

316.74

3?5.43

332.16

331.78

Retail trade

5.68

5.89

5.8°

5.89

166.42

1 73 . 1 7 1 7 3 . 1 7

173.76

Finance, insurance, and real estate

7.19

7.55

7.53

7.52

258.84

270.33

273.34

272.22

Services

7.17

7.54

7.52

7.51

233.74

2*5.80

245.15

2 4 4 . 8">

See footnote 1, table B-2.

p = preliminary.

Table B-4. Hourly Earnings Index for production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by industry
(1977 = 100)
Not seasonally adjusted

Industry
Mar.
1983

Jan.
1984

153.3
95.0
164.0
144.2
156.9
155.0
149.9

158.9
95.3
171.4
146.3
161.1
160.7
155.7

158.6
94.9
170.6
145.2
161.1
160.2
155.6

158.6
N.A.
170.9
145.1
161.5
160.0
155.5

156.7
153.2

164.5
161.1

164.0
160.4

164.0
160.4

Feb.
1984p

Mar.
1984p

Seasonally adjusted
Percent
change
from:
Mar.
1983Mar.
1984

Percent
change
from:
Feb.
1984Mar .
1984

Mar.
1983

Nov.
1983

Dec.
1983

Jan.
1984

3.4
(2)
4.2
.6
2.9
3.2
3.8

153.4
94.9
(4)
145.5
157.1
155.9
149.6

156.9
94.4
(4)
144.6
159.7
158.7
154.1

157.6
94.7
(4)
145.2
160.1
158.9
154.8

158.3
94.7
(4)
146.2
160.7
160.0
155.2

158.2
94.6
(4)
146.1
161.1
159.6
155.1

158.7
N.A.
(4)
146.4
161.7
160.9
155.3

0.3
(3)
(4)
.2
.4
.8
.1

4.7
4.7

(4)
152.6

(4)
158.1

(4)
1 59.2

(4)
159.8

(4)
159.3

(4)
159.7

(4)
.3

Feb.
1984p^

Mar.
1984p

Total private nonfarm:
Constant (1977) dollars
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities .
Finance, Insurance, and
real estate
1
2
3
4

See footnote 1, table B-2.
P e r c e n t c h a n g e I s - . 0 6 from F e b r u a r y 1 9 8 3 to F e b r u a r y 1 9 8 4 , t h e l a t e s t m o n t h a v a i l a b l e .
P e r c e n t c h a n g e I s - . 0 2 p e r c e n t f r o m J a n u a r y 1 9 8 4 to F e b r u a r y 1 9 8 4 , t h e l a t e s t m o n t h a v a i l a b l e .
T h e s e s e r i e s a r e sot s e a s o n a l l y a d j u s t e d s i n c e t h e s e a s o n a l c o m p o n e n t Is s m a l l r e l a t i v e to t h e t r e n d - c y c l e
Irregular c o m p o n e i t s and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
N.A. • not a v a i l a b l e ,
p - preliminary.




and/or

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
1

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by industry
nv»;/= 100)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Industry

Mar.
1983

Jan.
1984

Feb.
1984

Mar.

'4a r .
1983

Nov.
1933

Dec.
1983

Jan.
1934

Feb.
1984

u

101.2

106.5

106.9

107.7

103.1

108.3

'08.9

110.1

110.4

ICO.8

65.9

94.5

95.6

96.3

87.8

96.3

96.8

99.5

100.1

98.4

108.9

120.1

118.9

118.2

110.7

118.1

118.9

122.2

121.5

119.8

Construction

84.7

94.2

95.7

96.4

94.3

105.2

105.6

112.6

114.1

107.6

Manufacturing

85.0

93.4

94.5

95.3

85.4

93.5

94.0

95.9

96.4

95.6

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products . .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

81.8
82.2
88.2
75.C
63.3
53.9
79.6
80.1
9 5.4
dl.8
/l.l
101.0
79.9

92.5
92.4
99.7
80.4
72.6
60.4
89.2
92.8
109.7
94.6
89.9
106.0
82.4

93.9
93.8
101.3
32.6
73.4
61.2
90.0
94.7
110.9
96.4
91.5
106.1
85.6

94.9
95.1

81.6
85.1
87.9
78.1
62.2
52.9
79.4
78.7
95.2
81.0
71.7
100.6
80.7

91.9
97.0
100.1
86.1
72.1
60.7
88.5
90.0
108.0
92.0
85.4
105.1
85.4

92.6
97.?
101.7
85.5
73.4
61.9
89.4
91.0
108.?
92.5
86.1
104. 8
87.2

94.7
100.0
103.0

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

89.7
68.8
82.0
71.5
85.9
91.4
10 7 . 2
93. *
92.9
94.6
7cj.i

94.7
92.4
85.0
82.8
90.4
97.0

111.1
96.5
85.5
1C9.8
81.1

95.4
91.2
76.2
83.4
93.9
96.9
111.9
96.9
84.1
111.9
82.?

113.4
97.1
88.2
112.4
79.8

91.0
94.1
89.6
77.6
85.5
92.1
106.5
93.7
97.6
94.9
79.9

95.8
95.9
83.4
83.5
92.1
96.6
111.8
96.2
89.4
108. C
84.4

96.1
95.6
82.8
83.7
92.9
97.4
11T.9
96.8
90.8
10 9 . 6
83.5

97.6
97.1.
83.1
85.3
95.4
98.0
112.4
97.7
90.0

111."
84.7

109.7

113.1

113.2

114.1

111.6

114.9

115.6

97.7

100.2

100.3

100.5

99.1

101.1

in.7

105.2

109.2

109.1

109.7

106.1

109.6

*d.8

102.5

101.1

101.9

103.0

Finance, insurance, and real estate

115.9

12C.9

120.0

120.?

Services

123.1

126.1

127.8

129.2

Total
Goods-producing
Mining

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade

1

See footnote 1, table B-2.

101.8
84.2
74.0
61 . 8
90.7
95.9
112.3
97. ^
94. 1
106.6
86.3
95.8
91.5
78.5
A3.4
94.2
96.9

87.3
72.7

6C.0
91.0
92.9

110.7
97.4

95.3
107.1
87.3

ar.
1-84

95.
99.
102.
89.
73.
60.
91.

94.6
98.4
101.5
87.6
72.8
60.
90.

94.
111.

94.
111.

98.
93.
106.
88.

96.
94.
106.
87.

97.7
97. )
78.9
84.5
<?5.1
941.6
112.4
97.8
89. d
113.2
84. 7

112.6
81.7

116.0

116.1

116.1

102.7

102.2

10£.l

109.9

111.0

110.9

11C.6

105.7

107.3

106.5

106.5

106.:

116.4

119.8

120.5

121.9

121.4

120.8

123.9

128.2

128.3

129.1

129.7

130.3

97.1
97.1
85.0
33.7
93.3
97.5

11 " . 3
9^.0
92.2

p = preliminary.

Table B'6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased
Time
span

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

28.5
56.5
66.9

45.4
45.7
69.4p

36.0
62.4
65.lp

39.0
69.1

47.6
71.0

32.8
64.5

38.4
68.5

37.1
68.0

34.1
60.8

29.3
70.7

32.0
64.5

42.2
64.0

Over
3-month
span

25.3
45.4
79.3p

28.8
55.1
79.3p

32.0
65.6

34.1
75.8

32.5
76.1

33.6
77.2

27.2
73.9

27.2
79.6

26.1
79.6

25.5
74.2

24.7
72.0

40.6
75.0

Over
6-month
span

20.2
50.5

23.7
63.2

25.3
73.4

29.8
76.3

26.1
79.3

26.1
83.6

23.4
82.5

19.1
80.4

21.2
82.0

26.1
84.1

26.6
8 2 . 8p

35.8
82.3p

22.0
48.9

20.7
58.3

18.0
62.6

19.4
73.4

18.3
76.1

20.7
81.2

20.7
84.4

22.8
87.9p

24.2
8 6 . Op

31.5

37.6

44.1

ill

Over
1-month
span

1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,3, and 6 month spans, on payrolls
of 186 private nonagricultural industries,
p = preliminary.

TS- U . S .

GOVERNEMNT PRINTING OFFICE:




1984-421-816:547

NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.) Data are centered within the spans.

U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington, D.C. 20212
Official Business
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