Full text of The Employment Situation : June 2022

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Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, July 8, 2022

USDL-22-1443

Technical information:
Household data:
(202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps
Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces
Media contact:

(202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — JUNE 2022
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 372,000 in June, and the unemployment rate remained at
3.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Notable job gains occurred in
professional and business services, leisure and hospitality, and health care.
Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,
June 2019 – June 2022

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,
June 2019 – June 2022
Percent

Thousands

16.0

160,000

14.0

155,000

12.0

150,000

10.0

145,000

8.0

140,000

6.0

135,000

4.0

130,000

2.0
Jun-19

Dec-19

Jun-20

Dec-20

Jun-21

Dec-21

Jun-22

125,000
Jun-19

Dec-19

Jun-20

Dec-20

Jun-21

Dec-21

Jun-22

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures labor
force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment survey
measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information about the
concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical Note.
Household Survey Data
The unemployment rate was 3.6 percent for the fourth month in a row, and the number of unemployed
persons was essentially unchanged at 5.9 million in June. These measures are little different from their
values in February 2020 (3.5 percent and 5.7 million, respectively), prior to the coronavirus (COVID19) pandemic. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for Asians increased to 3.0 percent in June.
The jobless rates for adult men (3.3 percent), adult women (3.3 percent), teenagers (11.0 percent),
Whites (3.3 percent), Blacks (5.8 percent), and Hispanics (4.3 percent) showed little or no change over
the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)
Among the unemployed, both the number of permanent job losers, at 1.3 million in June, and the
number of persons on temporary layoff, at 827,000, changed little over the month. These measures are
little different from their values in February 2020. (See table A-11.)
In June, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was essentially
unchanged at 1.3 million. This measure is 215,000 higher than in February 2020. The long-term
unemployed accounted for 22.6 percent of all unemployed persons in June. (See table A-12.)
The labor force participation rate, at 62.2 percent, and the employment-population ratio, at 59.9
percent, were little changed over the month. Both measures remain below their February 2020 values
(63.4 percent and 61.2 percent, respectively). (See table A-1.)
The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons declined by 707,000 to 3.6 million in
June and is below its February 2020 level of 4.4 million. These individuals, who would have preferred
full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable
to find full-time jobs. (See table A-8.)
The number of persons not in the labor force who currently want a job was essentially unchanged at
5.7 million in June. This measure is above its February 2020 level of 5.0 million. These individuals were
not counted as unemployed because they were not actively looking for work during the 4 weeks
preceding the survey or were unavailable to take a job. (See table A-1.)
Among those not in the labor force who wanted a job, the number of persons marginally attached to
the labor force, at 1.5 million, was essentially unchanged in June. These individuals wanted and were
available for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had not looked for
work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached
who believed that no jobs were available for them, numbered 364,000 in June, little changed from the
prior month. (See Summary table A.)
Household Survey Supplemental Data
In June, 7.1 percent of employed persons teleworked because of the coronavirus pandemic, down
from 7.4 percent in the prior month. These data refer to employed persons who teleworked or worked at
home for pay at some point in the 4 weeks preceding the survey specifically because of the pandemic.
In June, 2.1 million persons reported that they had been unable to work because their employer closed
or lost business due to the pandemic—that is, they did not work at all or worked fewer hours at some
point in the 4 weeks preceding the survey due to the pandemic. This measure is up from 1.8 million in
the previous month. Among those who reported in June that they were unable to work because of
pandemic-related closures or lost business, 24.8 percent received at least some pay from their
employer for the hours not worked, little different from the previous month.

-2-

Among those not in the labor force in June, 610,000 persons were prevented from looking for work
due to the pandemic, up from 455,000 in the prior month. (To be counted as unemployed, by
definition, individuals must be either actively looking for work or on temporary layoff.)
These supplemental data come from questions added to the household survey beginning in May 2020 to
help gauge the effects of the pandemic on the labor market. The data are not seasonally adjusted. Tables
with estimates from the supplemental questions for all months are available online at
www.bls.gov/cps/effects-of-the-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic.htm.
Establishment Survey Data
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 372,000 in June, in line with the average monthly gain
over the prior 3 months (+383,000). In June, notable job growth occurred in professional and business
services, leisure and hospitality, and health care. (See table B-1.)
Total nonfarm employment is down by 524,000, or 0.3 percent, from its pre-pandemic level in February
2020. Private-sector employment has recovered the net job losses due to the pandemic and is 140,000
higher than in February 2020, while government employment is 664,000 lower.
Employment in professional and business services continued to grow, with an increase of 74,000 in
June. Within the industry, job growth occurred in management of companies and enterprises (+12,000),
computer systems design and related services (+10,000), office administrative services (+8,000), and
scientific research and development services (+6,000). Employment in professional and business
services is 880,000 higher than in February 2020.
In June, leisure and hospitality added 67,000 jobs, as growth continued in food services and drinking
places (+41,000). However, employment in leisure and hospitality is down by 1.3 million, or 7.8
percent, since February 2020.
Employment in health care rose by 57,000 in June, including gains in ambulatory health care services
(+28,000), hospitals (+21,000), and nursing and residential care facilities (+8,000). Employment in
health care overall is below its February 2020 level by 176,000, or 1.1 percent.
In June, transportation and warehousing added 36,000 jobs. Employment rose in warehousing and
storage (+18,000) and air transportation (+8,000). Employment in transportation and warehousing is
759,000 above its February 2020 level.
Employment in manufacturing increased by 29,000 in June and has returned to its February 2020 level.
Information added 25,000 jobs in June, including a gain of 9,000 jobs in publishing industries, except
Internet. Employment in information is 105,000 higher than in February 2020.
In June, employment in social assistance rose by 21,000. Employment continued to trend up in child
day care services (+11,000) and in individual and family services (+10,000). Employment in social
assistance is down by 87,000, or 2.0 percent, since February 2020.
Wholesale trade added 16,000 jobs in June, including 8,000 in nondurable goods. Employment in
wholesale trade is down by 18,000, or 0.3 percent, since February 2020.
-3-

Mining employment rose by 5,000 in June, with a gain in oil and gas extraction (+2,000). Mining
employment is 86,000 above a recent low in February 2021.
Employment showed little change over the month in other major industries, including construction,
retail trade, financial activities, other services, and government.
In June, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 10 cents, or
0.3 percent, to $32.08. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 5.1 percent.
In June, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose by
13 cents, or 0.5 percent, to $27.45. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)
The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls held at 34.5 hours in June. In
manufacturing, the average workweek for all employees was little changed at 40.3 hours, and overtime
fell by 0.1 hour to 3.2 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on
private nonfarm payrolls remained at 34.0 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)
The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for April was revised down by 68,000, from +436,000
to +368,000, and the change for May was revised down by 6,000, from +390,000 to +384,000. With
these revisions, employment in April and May combined is 74,000 lower than previously reported.
(Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies
since the last published estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.)
_____________
The Employment Situation for July is scheduled to be released on Friday, August 5, 2022, at 8:30
a.m. (ET).

2022 Preliminary Benchmark Revision to Establishment Survey Data
to be released on August 24, 2022
Each year, the establishment survey estimates are benchmarked to comprehensive counts of employment
from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) for the month of March. These counts
are derived from state unemployment insurance (UI) tax records that nearly all employers are required to
file. At 10:00 a.m. (ET) on August 24, 2022, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will release the
preliminary estimate of the upcoming annual benchmark revision to the establishment survey data. This
is the same day that the first-quarter 2022 data from QCEW will be issued. Preliminary benchmark
revisions for all major industry sectors, as well as total nonfarm and total private employment, will be
available at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesprelbmk.htm.
The final benchmark revision will be issued with the publication of the January 2023 Employment
Situation news release in February 2023.

-4-

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022

Change from:
May 2022June 2022

June
2022

Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force.......................................................... .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed.................................................................. .
Employment-population ratio......................................... .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

261,338
161,114
61.6
151,612
58.0
9,502
5.9
100,224

263,559
164,046
62.2
158,105
60.0
5,941
3.6
99,513

263,679
164,376
62.3
158,426
60.1
5,950
3.6
99,302

263,835
164,023
62.2
158,111
59.9
5,912
3.6
99,812

156
-353
-0.1
-315
-0.2
-38
0.0
510

Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult men (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................ .

5.9
5.9
5.5
11.3
5.3
9.2
5.7
7.2

3.6
3.5
3.2
10.2
3.2
5.9
3.1
4.1

3.6
3.4
3.4
10.4
3.2
6.2
2.4
4.3

3.6
3.3
3.3
11.0
3.3
5.8
3.0
4.3

0.0
-0.1
-0.1
0.6
0.1
-0.4
0.6
0.0

Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................. .

5.4
10.3
6.9
5.8
3.4

3.0
5.4
3.8
3.1
2.0

3.0
5.2
3.8
3.4
2.0

3.0
5.8
3.6
3.1
2.1

0.0
0.6
-0.2
-0.3
0.1

Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers..................................................................... .
Reentrants...................................................................... .
New entrants................................................................... .

5,727
945
2,283
499

2,839
793
1,882
515

2,736
764
1,943
535

2,645
832
1,990
464

-91
68
47
-71

Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks.................................................................. .
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27 weeks and over............................................................ .

1,972
2,182
1,338
3,973

2,227
1,617
551
1,483

2,066
1,767
661
1,356

2,262
1,552
753
1,336

196
-215
92
-20

Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons......................................... .

4,616
3,416
1,029
20,122

4,033
2,647
1,071
20,826

4,328
2,996
999
20,806

3,621
2,366
914
20,602

-707
-630
-85
-204

Persons not in the labor force
Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers....................................................... .

1,822
605

1,622
456

1,472
415

1,504
364

32
-51

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will
not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced
annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
June
2021

Apr.
2022

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

557
508
23
6
-3
20
16
-4.9
4
485
20.0
68.3
34.9
-0.8
17
-2
61
31.7
20
-2.1
224
42
49

368
368
64
8
-5
61
32
7.0
29
304
28.2
0.4
49.0
0.9
21
31
40
-10.6
62
51.2
59
13
0

384
336
58
6
34
18
8
-4.7
10
278
15.4
-43.7
58.7
0.5
26
14
69
11.2
57
33.1
68
13
48

372
381
48
6
13
29
11
2.1
18
333
16.4
15.4
35.5
1.1
25
1
74
5.4
96
77.8
67
2
-9

(3-month average change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

422
367

493
486

383
363

375
362

Category

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2
Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)5
Total private (256 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing (74 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1

49.8
48.4
81.4

34.8
$30.52
$1,062.10
108.0
0.1
157.6
0.6

66.6
66.9

49.8
48.4
81.5

34.6
$31.86
$1,102.36
112.1
0.3
170.7
0.6

72.1
74.3

May
2022p

49.8
48.4
81.5

34.5
$31.98
$1,103.31
112.1
0.0
171.3
0.4

67.0
66.2

June
2022p

49.9
48.5
81.5

34.5
$32.08
$1,106.76
112.4
0.3
172.4
0.6

68.6
60.8

Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the
service-providing industries.
3
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate
hours.
4
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average
aggregate weekly payrolls.
5
Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal
balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
2

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates
1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?
The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of
employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series
has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household
survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about
100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically
significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a
more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers
whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private
household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also
provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences
between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.
2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?
It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the
establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore,
it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does
not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which
identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the
foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The
Employment Situation news release.
3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?
The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating
additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates.
The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding
2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cestn.htm#section7.
On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors
estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax
records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more
information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.
4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?
Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments
with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the
reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and
industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?
Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net
employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an
econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based
on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census
of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this
purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and
availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year.
6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
insurance benefits?
No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons
who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the
unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There
is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.
7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
looking for work?
Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job,
including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged
workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include
discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each
month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these
alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.
8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?
In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the
month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than
on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including
pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates
typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some
employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed,
while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll
employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates,
employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees
who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll
employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit
www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm.
In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th
of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as
employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the
number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure
of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather.
Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page,
please visit data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.

Technical Note
This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household
survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES;
establishment survey). The household survey provides
information on the labor force, employment, and
unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked
HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000
eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides information on
employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm
payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each
month from the payroll records of a sample of
nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the
CES program surveys about 131,000 businesses and
government agencies, representing approximately 670,000
individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry
data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately
one-third of all nonfarm payroll jobs.
For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a
particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the
reference period is generally the calendar week that contains
the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the
reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which
may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent
of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the
labor force as a percent of the population, and
the employment-population ratio is the employed as a
percent of the population. Additional information
about the household survey can be found at
www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous
conceptual and methodological differences between the
household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the
surveys. Among these are:

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect
the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on
responses to a series of questions on work and job search
activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in
the labor force.
People are classified as employed if they did any work
at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked
in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or
worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or
farm. People are also counted as employed if they were
temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad
weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.
People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of
the following criteria: they had no employment during the
reference week; they were available for work at that time;
and they made specific active efforts to find employment
sometime during the 4-week period ending with the
reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting
recall need not be looking for work to be counted as
unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the
household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for
or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.
The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and
unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as
employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are
drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories,
offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local
government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are
those who worked or received pay for any part of the
reference pay period, including persons on paid leave.
Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and
earnings data are produced for the private sector for all
employees and for production and nonsupervisory
employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are
defined as production and related employees in
manufacturing and mining and logging, construction
workers in construction, and non-supervisory employees in
private service-providing industries.
Industries are classified on the basis of an
establishment's principal activity in accordance with the
2017 version of the North American Industry Classification
System. Additional information about the establishment
survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

•

The household survey includes agricultural
workers, self-employed workers whose businesses
are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and
private household workers among the employed.
These groups are excluded from the establishment
survey.

•

The household survey includes people on unpaid
leave among the employed. The establishment
survey does not.

•

The household survey is limited to workers 16 years
of age and older. The establishment survey is not
limited by age.

•

The household survey has no duplication of
individuals, because individuals are counted only
once, even if they hold more than one job. In the
establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job and thus appearing on more than one
payroll are counted separately for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

Reliability of the estimates

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may
result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and
the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a
series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal
variation.
These
adjustments
make
nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in employment or increases
in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to
spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number
of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to
obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to
May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic
activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about
20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with
the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying
employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal
employment changes at the end and beginning of the school
year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make
underlying employment patterns more discernable. The
seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with
which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic
activity.
Many seasonally adjusted series are independently
adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys.
However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such
as total payroll employment, employment in most major
sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed
by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the
adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this
differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the
duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.
Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently
seasonally adjusted component series, and will not
necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally
adjusted total unemployment level. Additional information
about seasonal adjustment in the household survey can be
found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.
For both the household and establishment surveys, a
concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in
which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using
all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current
month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are
used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are
used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly
estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year
revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample, rather than the entire population, is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may
differ from the true population values they represent. The
component of this difference that occurs because samples
differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate.
There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more
than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value
because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally
conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
For example, the confidence interval for the monthly
change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment
survey is on the order of plus or minus 120,000. Suppose the
estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from
one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on
the monthly change would range from -70,000 to +170,000
(50,000 +/- 120,000). These figures do not mean that the
sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that
there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range
includes values of less than zero, we could not say with
confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased
that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment
rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case,
it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm
employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an
unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent
confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment
as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000,
and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is
about +/- 0.2 percentage point.
In general, estimates involving many individuals or
establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the
size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a
small number of observations. The precision of estimates
also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such
as for quarterly and annual averages.
The household and establishment surveys are also
affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many
reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents
in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to
provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made
by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.
For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for
the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns;
for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the
tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received,
that the estimate is considered final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the
establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for
this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an
estimation procedure with two components is used to
account for business births. The first component excludes
employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains
from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample
units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This
procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death
employment.
The second component is an ARIMA time series model
designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment
not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time
series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived
from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level
database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and
deaths over the past 5 years.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment
survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to
universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance
program. The difference between the March sample-based
employment estimates and the March universe counts is
known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy
for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries. Over the past
decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.1 percent, with a range from
-0.3 percent to 0.3 percent.
Other information
If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech
disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications
relay services.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age

June
2021

May
2022

June
2022

June
2021

Feb.
2022

Mar.
2022

Apr.
2022

May
2022

June
2022

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

261,338
162,167
62.1
152,283
58.3
9,883
6.1
99,172
6,869

263,679
164,157
62.3
158,609
60.2
5,548
3.4
99,521
6,180

263,835
165,012
62.5
158,678
60.1
6,334
3.8
98,822
6,100

261,338
161,114
61.6
151,612
58.0
9,502
5.9
100,224
6,422

263,324
163,991
62.3
157,722
59.9
6,270
3.8
99,333
5,355

263,444
164,409
62.4
158,458
60.1
5,952
3.6
99,035
5,737

263,559
164,046
62.2
158,105
60.0
5,941
3.6
99,513
5,859

263,679
164,376
62.3
158,426
60.1
5,950
3.6
99,302
5,681

263,835
164,023
62.2
158,111
59.9
5,912
3.6
99,812
5,656

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

126,434
86,227
68.2
80,994
64.1
5,233
6.1
40,206

128,470
87,312
68.0
84,379
65.7
2,933
3.4
41,158

128,547
87,924
68.4
84,690
65.9
3,234
3.7
40,624

126,434
85,443
67.6
80,276
63.5
5,167
6.0
40,990

128,296
87,567
68.3
84,247
65.7
3,320
3.8
40,729

128,355
87,660
68.3
84,465
65.8
3,195
3.6
40,695

128,411
87,377
68.0
84,089
65.5
3,288
3.8
41,034

128,470
87,366
68.0
84,218
65.6
3,148
3.6
41,104

128,547
87,213
67.8
84,061
65.4
3,152
3.6
41,334

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

118,125
82,756
70.1
77,978
66.0
4,778
5.8
35,369

119,831
84,273
70.3
81,649
68.1
2,624
3.1
35,558

119,899
84,178
70.2
81,432
67.9
2,746
3.3
35,721

118,125
82,499
69.8
77,665
65.7
4,834
5.9
35,626

119,669
84,446
70.6
81,473
68.1
2,973
3.5
35,224

119,726
84,426
70.5
81,554
68.1
2,872
3.4
35,300

119,780
84,295
70.4
81,334
67.9
2,961
3.5
35,486

119,831
84,249
70.3
81,422
67.9
2,827
3.4
35,582

119,899
84,040
70.1
81,242
67.8
2,797
3.3
35,859

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

134,905
75,939
56.3
71,289
52.8
4,650
6.1
58,965

135,209
76,845
56.8
74,230
54.9
2,615
3.4
58,364

135,287
77,089
57.0
73,988
54.7
3,101
4.0
58,198

134,905
75,671
56.1
71,336
52.9
4,335
5.7
59,234

135,028
76,425
56.6
73,475
54.4
2,950
3.9
58,604

135,089
76,749
56.8
73,992
54.8
2,757
3.6
58,340

135,148
76,670
56.7
74,017
54.8
2,653
3.5
58,479

135,209
77,010
57.0
74,208
54.9
2,802
3.6
58,199

135,287
76,809
56.8
74,050
54.7
2,760
3.6
58,478

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

126,770
72,544
57.2
68,353
53.9
4,191
5.8
54,226

126,802
73,782
58.2
71,488
56.4
2,293
3.1
53,020

126,872
73,522
57.9
70,890
55.9
2,632
3.6
53,350

126,770
72,756
57.4
68,747
54.2
4,008
5.5
54,015

126,631
73,446
58.0
70,775
55.9
2,671
3.6
53,185

126,691
73,695
58.2
71,244
56.2
2,451
3.3
52,996

126,749
73,514
58.0
71,170
56.2
2,344
3.2
53,234

126,802
73,911
58.3
71,432
56.3
2,479
3.4
52,891

126,872
73,741
58.1
71,311
56.2
2,430
3.3
53,131

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16,443
6,867
41.8
5,952
36.2
915
13.3
9,577

17,046
6,103
35.8
5,472
32.1
631
10.3
10,943

17,064
7,312
42.9
6,356
37.2
957
13.1
9,752

16,443
5,859
35.6
5,200
31.6
660
11.3
10,584

17,024
6,100
35.8
5,474
32.2
626
10.3
10,924

17,027
6,288
36.9
5,660
33.2
629
10.0
10,739

17,030
6,237
36.6
5,601
32.9
636
10.2
10,793

17,046
6,216
36.5
5,571
32.7
645
10.4
10,830

17,064
6,242
36.6
5,558
32.6
685
11.0
10,822

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, and age

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

June
2021

May
2022

June
2022

June
2021

Feb.
2022

Mar.
2022

Apr.
2022

May
2022

June
2022

201,814
124,582
61.7
117,832
58.4
6,750
5.4
77,231

203,039
125,560
61.8
121,823
60.0
3,737
3.0
77,479

203,125
126,371
62.2
121,949
60.0
4,422
3.5
76,754

201,814
123,862
61.4
117,359
58.2
6,503
5.3
77,951

202,875
126,139
62.2
121,967
60.1
4,172
3.3
76,736

202,932
126,364
62.3
122,357
60.3
4,007
3.2
76,568

202,982
125,664
61.9
121,606
59.9
4,058
3.2
77,319

203,039
125,772
61.9
121,724
60.0
4,048
3.2
77,267

203,125
125,706
61.9
121,587
59.9
4,119
3.3
77,419

64,695
69.9
61,446
66.4
3,250
5.0

65,632
70.1
63,780
68.1
1,852
2.8

65,607
70.0
63,653
67.9
1,954
3.0

64,550
69.7
61,217
66.1
3,333
5.2

65,972
70.5
63,995
68.4
1,977
3.0

66,059
70.6
64,043
68.4
2,015
3.1

65,540
70.0
63,521
67.8
2,020
3.1

65,653
70.1
63,620
67.9
2,033
3.1

65,556
70.0
63,529
67.8
2,027
3.1

54,558
56.1
51,697
53.2
2,860
5.2

55,208
57.0
53,754
55.5
1,455
2.6

55,099
56.8
53,334
55.0
1,765
3.2

54,770
56.4
52,062
53.6
2,708
4.9

55,312
57.1
53,571
55.3
1,740
3.1

55,376
57.2
53,803
55.6
1,572
2.8

55,215
57.0
53,656
55.4
1,559
2.8

55,315
57.1
53,731
55.5
1,583
2.9

55,318
57.1
53,727
55.4
1,591
2.9

5,329
44.2
4,689
38.9
640
12.0

4,719
37.8
4,289
34.4
430
9.1

5,665
45.4
4,961
39.7
703
12.4

4,542
37.7
4,080
33.8
462
10.2

4,855
38.9
4,400
35.3
455
9.4

4,930
39.5
4,510
36.2
420
8.5

4,909
39.4
4,429
35.5
480
9.8

4,804
38.5
4,373
35.1
431
9.0

4,832
38.7
4,331
34.7
501
10.4

33,595
20,846
62.1
18,881
56.2
1,966
9.4
12,749

34,079
21,441
62.9
20,147
59.1
1,294
6.0
12,638

34,107
21,379
62.7
20,082
58.9
1,297
6.1
12,728

33,595
20,671
61.5
18,779
55.9
1,892
9.2
12,924

34,004
21,145
62.2
19,751
58.1
1,394
6.6
12,859

34,030
21,134
62.1
19,825
58.3
1,309
6.2
12,895

34,055
21,209
62.3
19,963
58.6
1,246
5.9
12,846

34,079
21,475
63.0
20,141
59.1
1,335
6.2
12,604

34,107
21,213
62.2
19,975
58.6
1,238
5.8
12,895

9,678
68.2
8,733
61.5
945
9.8

9,993
69.0
9,430
65.1
563
5.6

9,945
68.6
9,429
65.0
516
5.2

9,603
67.6
8,652
60.9
951
9.9

9,966
69.0
9,327
64.5
640
6.4

9,817
67.9
9,264
64.1
553
5.6

9,969
68.9
9,360
64.7
608
6.1

9,983
68.9
9,416
65.0
566
5.7

9,866
68.1
9,342
64.4
524
5.3

10,335
60.8
9,445
55.5
889
8.6

10,705
62.5
10,115
59.1
590
5.5

10,612
61.9
9,998
58.4
614
5.8

10,346
60.8
9,476
55.7
870
8.4

10,537
61.7
9,897
57.9
640
6.1

10,569
61.8
9,984
58.4
585
5.5

10,555
61.7
10,022
58.6
533
5.0

10,731
62.7
10,102
59.0
629
5.9

10,628
62.0
10,030
58.6
598
5.6

833
34.9
702
29.4
131
15.7

743
30.0
602
24.3
140
18.9

822
33.2
655
26.4
167
20.3

723
30.3
651
27.3
71
9.9

642
26.0
528
21.4
114
17.8

749
30.3
577
23.3
172
22.9

686
27.7
581
23.5
104
15.2

762
30.8
622
25.1
140
18.3

719
29.0
603
24.3
116
16.1

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, and age
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

June
2021
16,428
10,465
63.7
9,851
60.0
613
5.9
5,964

May
2022
16,815
10,854
64.5
10,613
63.1
241
2.2
5,961

June
2022
16,910
10,954
64.8
10,602
62.7
352
3.2
5,956

June
2021
16,428
10,412
63.4
9,818
59.8
594
5.7
6,017

Feb.
2022
16,782
10,555
62.9
10,231
61.0
324
3.1
6,227

Mar.
2022
16,803
10,761
64.0
10,460
62.3
300
2.8
6,042

Apr.
2022
16,826
10,837
64.4
10,504
62.4
333
3.1
5,989

May
2022
16,815
10,912
64.9
10,651
63.3
261
2.4
5,903

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are
introduced annually with the release of January data.

June
2022
16,910
10,894
64.4
10,565
62.5
330
3.0
6,016

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1

June
2021

May
2022

June
2022

June
2021

Feb.
2022

Mar.
2022

Apr.
2022

May
2022

June
2022

44,857
29,442
65.6
27,280
60.8
2,162
7.3
15,415

46,039
30,512
66.3
29,305
63.7
1,207
4.0
15,527

46,119
30,793
66.8
29,443
63.8
1,350
4.4
15,326

44,857
29,319
65.4
27,196
60.6
2,123
7.2
15,538

45,816
30,492
66.6
29,136
63.6
1,356
4.4
15,324

45,888
30,475
66.4
29,209
63.7
1,265
4.2
15,414

45,963
30,376
66.1
29,121
63.4
1,255
4.1
15,587

46,039
30,610
66.5
29,279
63.6
1,331
4.3
15,429

46,119
30,670
66.5
29,364
63.7
1,306
4.3
15,449

16,034
79.1
15,060
74.3
974
6.1

16,693
80.0
16,199
77.7
494
3.0

16,739
80.1
16,202
77.5
537
3.2

16,033
79.1
15,024
74.1
1,009
6.3

16,700
80.4
16,086
77.5
614
3.7

16,619
79.9
15,979
76.8
640
3.8

16,604
79.7
15,989
76.8
615
3.7

16,717
80.1
16,152
77.4
566
3.4

16,743
80.1
16,170
77.4
573
3.4

12,067
58.7
11,099
54.0
968
8.0

12,430
59.4
11,874
56.7
556
4.5

12,499
59.6
11,919
56.9
579
4.6

12,058
58.7
11,104
54.1
954
7.9

12,403
59.6
11,802
56.7
601
4.8

12,477
59.8
11,950
57.3
527
4.2

12,331
59.0
11,857
56.8
474
3.8

12,466
59.6
11,876
56.8
591
4.7

12,486
59.6
11,926
56.9
560
4.5

1,341
33.2
1,121
27.7
220
16.4

1,389
32.6
1,231
29.0
157
11.3

1,555
36.5
1,321
31.0
234
15.0

1,228
30.4
1,068
26.4
160
13.0

1,389
32.8
1,248
29.5
141
10.2

1,379
32.5
1,280
30.2
98
7.1

1,441
34.0
1,275
30.1
165
11.5

1,427
33.5
1,252
29.4
175
12.2

1,441
33.8
1,268
29.7
173
12.0

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the
release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Educational attainment

June
2021

May
2022

June
2022

Seasonally adjusted
June
2021

Feb.
2022

Mar.
2022

Apr.
2022

May
2022

June
2022

Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9,286
44.8
8,404
40.5
882
9.5

9,399
45.0
8,975
43.0
425
4.5

9,389
45.6
8,917
43.3
472
5.0

9,146
44.1
8,200
39.6
946
10.3

8,962
46.8
8,574
44.8
388
4.3

9,097
45.6
8,627
43.2
470
5.2

9,207
44.4
8,713
42.0
494
5.4

9,194
44.0
8,719
41.8
475
5.2

9,210
44.7
8,680
42.2
530
5.8

High school graduates, no college1
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34,644
55.4
32,306
51.7
2,338
6.7

36,088
56.8
34,826
54.8
1,262
3.5

35,612
56.3
34,366
54.3
1,247
3.5

34,981
55.9
32,559
52.1
2,422
6.9

36,589
56.2
34,953
53.7
1,636
4.5

36,847
56.8
35,368
54.5
1,479
4.0

36,464
56.8
35,064
54.6
1,401
3.8

36,118
56.8
34,760
54.7
1,358
3.8

35,985
56.8
34,679
54.8
1,305
3.6

Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36,103
63.1
34,000
59.4
2,103
5.8

35,739
63.4
34,600
61.4
1,139
3.2

35,757
62.7
34,639
60.7
1,118
3.1

36,092
63.1
33,993
59.4
2,099
5.8

35,391
63.6
34,060
61.2
1,331
3.8

35,555
63.4
34,480
61.5
1,075
3.0

35,540
63.4
34,445
61.4
1,095
3.1

35,787
63.5
34,565
61.3
1,222
3.4

35,707
62.6
34,585
60.6
1,122
3.1

Bachelor’s degree and higher2
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

60,014
71.8
57,872
69.2
2,142
3.6

62,162
73.2
61,069
71.9
1,093
1.8

61,540
72.4
60,166
70.8
1,374
2.2

60,518
72.4
58,439
69.9
2,079
3.4

62,003
72.4
60,656
70.9
1,347
2.2

61,597
72.8
60,386
71.4
1,211
2.0

61,705
72.9
60,459
71.5
1,247
2.0

62,295
73.3
61,078
71.9
1,217
2.0

62,098
73.1
60,800
71.6
1,297
2.1

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,
and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

June
2021

Men
June
2022

June
2021

Women
June
2022

June
2021

June
2022

VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18,820
9,156
48.6
8,719
46.3
437
4.8
9,664

18,384
8,616
46.9
8,381
45.6
235
2.7
9,768

16,808
8,033
47.8
7,659
45.6
375
4.7
8,775

16,356
7,445
45.5
7,245
44.3
200
2.7
8,911

2,012
1,122
55.8
1,060
52.7
62
5.5
890

2,028
1,171
57.7
1,136
56.0
35
3.0
857

Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4,821
3,780
78.4
3,582
74.3
197
5.2
1,041

4,933
3,808
77.2
3,697
75.0
110
2.9
1,125

4,001
3,255
81.4
3,108
77.7
147
4.5
746

4,031
3,162
78.4
3,074
76.3
88
2.8
869

820
524
64.0
475
57.9
50
9.5
295

902
646
71.6
623
69.1
23
3.5
256

Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3,155
2,371
75.2
2,296
72.8
75
3.2
784

3,200
2,238
69.9
2,205
68.9
33
1.5
963

2,639
2,007
76.1
1,932
73.2
75
3.7
632

2,733
1,937
70.9
1,911
69.9
26
1.4
796

516
364
70.5
364
70.5
0
0.0
152

467
300
64.3
293
62.8
7
2.3
167

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6,706
1,076
16.0
1,011
15.1
65
6.1
5,630

6,250
905
14.5
859
13.7
46
5.1
5,345

6,446
1,034
16.0
969
15.0
65
6.3
5,412

6,001
862
14.4
816
13.6
46
5.3
5,139

260
42
16.1
42
16.1
0
–
218

249
43
17.4
43
17.2
0
–
206

Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4,138
1,929
46.6
1,830
44.2
99
5.1
2,209

4,001
1,666
41.6
1,620
40.5
46
2.7
2,335

3,722
1,737
46.7
1,650
44.3
87
5.0
1,985

3,591
1,484
41.3
1,443
40.2
41
2.7
2,107

416
192
46.1
180
43.2
12
6.4
224

410
181
44.3
177
43.1
5
2.7
229

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

234,093
150,427
64.3
141,367
60.4
9,060
6.0
83,667

236,545
153,584
64.9
147,902
62.5
5,682
3.7
82,961

105,384
76,884
73.0
72,229
68.5
4,655
6.1
28,500

107,707
79,030
73.4
76,207
70.8
2,824
3.6
28,677

128,710
73,543
57.1
69,138
53.7
4,405
6.0
55,167

128,837
74,554
57.9
71,696
55.6
2,858
3.8
54,284

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the
U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August
1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service
periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the
selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not
shown where base is less than 75,000).

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally
adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Persons with a disability
Employment status, sex, and age

June
2021

June
2022

Persons with no disability
June
2021

June
2022

TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population..................................................... .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................ .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .

31,794
6,767
21.3
6,027
19.0
740
10.9
25,027

32,921
7,588
23.1
6,965
21.2
624
8.2
25,333

229,544
155,400
67.7
146,257
63.7
9,143
5.9
74,144

230,913
157,424
68.2
151,713
65.7
5,711
3.6
73,490

Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................ .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .

2,929
37.6
2,561
32.9
369
12.6
4,861

3,125
38.0
2,866
34.9
259
8.3
5,091

77,486
82.9
72,934
78.1
4,552
5.9
15,929

78,790
83.3
75,997
80.4
2,793
3.5
15,759

Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................ .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .

2,741
33.3
2,485
30.1
256
9.3
5,503

3,166
38.1
2,900
34.9
267
8.4
5,145

68,591
71.6
64,482
67.3
4,109
6.0
27,236

69,263
72.0
66,579
69.3
2,684
3.9
26,871

Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................ .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .

1,097
7.0
981
6.2
116
10.6
14,663

1,297
7.9
1,199
7.3
98
7.5
15,096

9,323
23.1
8,841
21.9
482
5.2
30,979

9,371
23.3
9,137
22.7
234
2.5
30,859

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty
seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or
emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as
visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with
the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Employment status and nativity

June
2021

Men
June
2022

June
2021

Women
June
2022

June
2021

June
2022

Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................................. .
Employed......................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed...................................................... .
Unemployment rate........................................... .
Not in labor force................................................... .

42,796
27,653
64.6
26,059
60.9
1,594
5.8
15,143

44,854
29,553
65.9
28,498
63.5
1,056
3.6
15,300

20,655
15,762
76.3
14,966
72.5
796
5.0
4,893

21,696
16,757
77.2
16,221
74.8
536
3.2
4,939

22,141
11,891
53.7
11,093
50.1
798
6.7
10,250

23,158
12,796
55.3
12,276
53.0
520
4.1
10,361

Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................................. .
Employed......................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed...................................................... .
Unemployment rate........................................... .
Not in labor force................................................... .

218,542
134,514
61.6
126,224
57.8
8,290
6.2
84,028

218,981
135,459
61.9
130,180
59.4
5,279
3.9
83,522

105,779
70,466
66.6
66,028
62.4
4,437
6.3
35,313

106,851
71,167
66.6
68,468
64.1
2,698
3.8
35,685

112,763
64,048
56.8
60,196
53.4
3,852
6.0
48,715

112,129
64,292
57.3
61,712
55.0
2,581
4.0
47,837

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States
or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born
in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.
Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Category

CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government.................................... .
Private industries.............................. .
Private households. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other industries............................. .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2
All industries
Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1

Seasonally adjusted

June
2021

May
2022

June
2022

June
2021

Feb.
2022

Mar.
2022

Apr.
2022

May
2022

June
2022

2,399
1,637
730
31
149,885
140,511
20,280
120,230
654
119,576
9,303
71

2,399
1,574
801
24
156,210
146,725
20,985
125,740
610
125,130
9,410
75

2,385
1,553
787
45
156,293
146,848
20,265
126,582
616
125,966
9,392
53

2,309
1,597
689
–
149,564
140,111
20,552
119,474
–
118,905
9,162
–

2,383
1,525
801
–
155,094
146,263
20,971
124,886
–
124,144
9,175
–

2,378
1,571
758
–
155,871
146,955
21,296
125,204
–
124,505
9,260
–

2,349
1,505
800
–
155,729
146,638
20,948
125,371
–
124,658
9,086
–

2,355
1,553
776
–
156,183
146,455
20,885
125,619
–
124,955
9,291
–

2,308
1,520
747
–
156,114
146,346
20,601
125,767
–
125,210
9,255
–

4,837
3,513
1,051
19,453

4,115
2,858
1,002
20,822

3,838
2,426
906
19,885

4,616
3,416
1,029
20,122

4,135
2,707
1,060
20,667

4,170
2,880
1,055
20,870

4,033
2,647
1,071
20,826

4,328
2,996
999
20,806

3,621
2,366
914
20,602

4,776
3,474
1,037
19,113

4,033
2,796
993
20,447

3,813
2,415
901
19,474

4,547
3,371
1,019
19,754

4,105
2,672
1,053
20,275

4,149
2,842
1,049
20,498

3,996
2,617
1,064
20,435

4,235
2,927
988
20,438

3,694
2,345
912
20,180

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for
the entire week.
3
Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business
conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
4
Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or
training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to
34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment
of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Characteristic

Seasonally adjusted

June
2021

May
2022

June
2022

June
2021

Feb.
2022

Mar.
2022

Apr.
2022

May
2022

June
2022

AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

152,283
5,952
2,197
3,755
146,331
13,749
132,582
97,028
34,196
32,528
30,305
35,554

158,609
5,472
2,068
3,404
153,137
13,667
139,471
101,954
35,609
34,773
31,573
37,516

158,678
6,356
2,395
3,961
152,322
14,235
138,087
101,200
35,345
34,399
31,457
36,887

151,612
5,200
1,930
3,272
146,412
13,391
133,105
97,338
34,265
32,643
30,430
35,767

157,722
5,474
2,295
3,205
152,248
13,834
138,412
101,109
35,125
34,535
31,448
37,304

158,458
5,660
2,310
3,392
152,798
13,774
139,055
101,769
35,367
34,695
31,707
37,287

158,105
5,601
2,316
3,307
152,504
13,673
138,737
101,605
35,472
34,612
31,522
37,132

158,426
5,571
2,194
3,396
152,855
13,768
139,047
101,734
35,569
34,675
31,490
37,313

158,111
5,558
2,114
3,443
152,554
13,852
138,603
101,495
35,437
34,508
31,550
37,108

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

80,994
3,016
1,107
1,909
77,978
6,956
71,022
51,861
18,162
17,664
16,035
19,161

84,379
2,730
1,000
1,730
81,649
6,991
74,658
54,412
18,832
18,708
16,872
20,246

84,690
3,257
1,238
2,019
81,432
7,317
74,115
54,238
18,826
18,531
16,880
19,877

80,276
2,612
930
1,675
77,665
6,740
70,958
51,807
18,157
17,635
16,016
19,151

84,247
2,774
1,131
1,659
81,473
7,059
74,457
54,227
18,788
18,696
16,743
20,230

84,465
2,911
1,137
1,804
81,554
6,975
74,613
54,331
18,782
18,696
16,852
20,282

84,089
2,754
1,097
1,662
81,334
6,958
74,340
54,259
18,851
18,605
16,803
20,081

84,218
2,795
1,054
1,748
81,422
7,009
74,406
54,258
18,830
18,628
16,800
20,147

84,061
2,819
1,046
1,769
81,242
7,081
74,052
54,161
18,842
18,492
16,828
19,890

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

71,289
2,936
1,091
1,845
68,353
6,793
61,560
45,167
16,034
14,864
14,269
16,393

74,230
2,742
1,068
1,674
71,488
6,676
64,813
47,543
16,777
16,065
14,701
17,270

73,988
3,098
1,156
1,942
70,890
6,918
63,972
46,963
16,518
15,868
14,577
17,009

71,336
2,588
1,000
1,597
68,747
6,652
62,147
45,531
16,109
15,008
14,415
16,616

73,475
2,699
1,164
1,546
70,775
6,775
63,955
46,882
16,338
15,838
14,705
17,074

73,992
2,748
1,173
1,589
71,244
6,799
64,442
47,438
16,584
15,999
14,855
17,004

74,017
2,847
1,219
1,645
71,170
6,715
64,397
47,346
16,621
16,007
14,718
17,051

74,208
2,776
1,140
1,648
71,432
6,759
64,641
47,475
16,739
16,047
14,690
17,165

74,050
2,739
1,067
1,674
71,311
6,771
64,551
47,334
16,595
16,016
14,722
17,218

MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

43,533
34,400
9,635

45,531
36,455
10,019

45,191
36,099
10,010

43,569
34,854
–

45,648
35,870
–

45,325
36,043
–

45,259
35,999
–

45,306
36,356
–

45,222
36,526
–

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

127,156
25,127

132,820
25,789

133,626
25,052

126,211
25,488

131,806
25,801

132,718
25,902

132,067
26,091

132,800
25,766

132,648
25,440

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6,987
4.6

7,313
4.6

7,432
4.7

7,093
4.7

7,431
4.7

7,370
4.7

7,539
4.8

7,302
4.6

7,541
4.8

SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6,210
10,033

6,823
10,211

6,659
10,179

–
9,851

–
9,976

–
10,018

–
9,886

–
10,067

–
10,002

1

Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex
married couples only.
2
Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020,
referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
3
Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
4
Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.
Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic

Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

June
2021

May
2022

June
2022

June
2021

Feb.
2022

Mar.
2022

Apr.
2022

May
2022

June
2022

AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9,502
660
248
375
8,843
1,333
7,538
5,663
2,339
1,840
1,484
1,823

5,950
645
248
395
5,305
993
4,255
3,245
1,451
1,045
749
1,031

5,912
685
265
391
5,227
1,015
4,250
3,186
1,263
1,146
777
1,043

5.9
11.3
11.4
10.3
5.7
9.1
5.4
5.5
6.4
5.3
4.7
4.8

3.8
10.3
10.2
10.1
3.6
7.5
3.3
3.3
4.1
3.3
2.5
3.0

3.6
10.0
8.6
10.9
3.4
7.5
2.9
3.0
3.9
2.8
2.2
2.6

3.6
10.2
8.8
11.8
3.4
6.9
3.0
3.0
4.0
2.9
2.2
2.7

3.6
10.4
10.2
10.4
3.4
6.7
3.0
3.1
3.9
2.9
2.3
2.7

3.6
11.0
11.2
10.2
3.3
6.8
3.0
3.0
3.4
3.2
2.4
2.7

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5,167
333
129
164
4,834
761
4,057
3,078
1,351
944
783
978

3,148
322
102
224
2,827
530
2,239
1,691
773
543
376
548

3,152
355
132
192
2,797
583
2,206
1,623
683
552
388
583

6.0
11.3
12.2
8.9
5.9
10.1
5.4
5.6
6.9
5.1
4.7
4.9

3.8
11.1
9.0
12.4
3.5
7.8
3.2
3.2
3.9
3.3
2.3
3.2

3.6
10.0
8.7
10.7
3.4
8.5
2.8
2.9
4.0
2.8
1.9
2.6

3.8
10.6
9.8
12.1
3.5
8.1
3.0
3.1
4.2
2.8
2.0
2.8

3.6
10.3
8.8
11.4
3.4
7.0
2.9
3.0
3.9
2.8
2.2
2.6

3.6
11.2
11.2
9.8
3.3
7.6
2.9
2.9
3.5
2.9
2.3
2.8

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4,335
327
119
211
4,008
571
3,481
2,585
988
896
701
866

2,802
324
146
170
2,479
464
2,016
1,554
678
502
373
480

2,760
330
133
199
2,430
433
2,045
1,563
581
594
388
476

5.7
11.2
10.6
11.7
5.5
7.9
5.3
5.4
5.8
5.6
4.6
5.0

3.9
9.4
11.2
7.6
3.6
7.2
3.3
3.5
4.4
3.3
2.7
2.9

3.6
10.0
8.5
11.2
3.3
6.4
3.0
3.1
3.9
2.7
2.6
2.6

3.5
9.8
7.8
11.5
3.2
5.7
2.9
3.0
3.6
3.0
2.4
2.7

3.6
10.4
11.4
9.4
3.4
6.4
3.0
3.2
3.9
3.0
2.5
2.7

3.6
10.8
11.1
10.6
3.3
6.0
3.1
3.2
3.4
3.6
2.6
2.7

MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,668
1,332
848

911
841
525

927
847
477

3.7
3.7
8.1

1.9
2.3
5.3

1.7
2.1
4.8

1.9
2.1
4.0

2.0
2.3
5.0

2.0
2.3
4.5

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8,038
1,459

4,722
1,157

4,873
1,032

6.0
5.4

3.8
4.0

3.5
4.2

3.5
4.4

3.4
4.3

3.5
3.9

1

Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to
persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
2
Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members,
but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an
opposite-sex spouse.
3
Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time
jobs.
4
Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from
part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment
of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Reason

June
2021

May
2022

Seasonally adjusted

June
2022

June
2021

Feb.
2022

Mar.
2022

Apr.
2022

May
2022

June
2022

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Permanent job losers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . .
Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants........................................ .

5,706
1,796
3,910
3,159
751
919
2,499
760

2,323
545
1,778
1,304
474
719
1,989
516

2,601
815
1,786
1,278
508
812
2,200
721

5,727
1,813
3,914
3,128
787
945
2,283
499

3,044
888
2,156
1,583
573
963
1,947
417

2,831
787
2,044
1,392
652
787
1,985
463

2,839
853
1,987
1,386
601
793
1,882
515

2,736
810
1,927
1,386
541
764
1,943
535

2,645
827
1,818
1,273
545
832
1,990
464

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants........................................ .

57.7
18.2
39.6
9.3
25.3
7.7

41.9
9.8
32.0
13.0
35.9
9.3

41.1
12.9
28.2
12.8
34.7
11.4

60.6
19.2
41.4
10.0
24.1
5.3

47.8
13.9
33.8
15.1
30.6
6.6

46.7
13.0
33.7
13.0
32.7
7.6

47.1
14.1
33.0
13.1
31.2
8.5

45.8
13.5
32.2
12.8
32.5
8.9

44.6
13.9
30.7
14.0
33.6
7.8

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants........................................ .

3.5
0.6
1.5
0.5

1.4
0.4
1.2
0.3

1.6
0.5
1.3
0.4

3.6
0.6
1.4
0.3

1.9
0.6
1.2
0.3

1.7
0.5
1.2
0.3

1.7
0.5
1.1
0.3

1.7
0.5
1.2
0.3

1.6
0.5
1.2
0.3

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Duration

June
2021

May
2022

June
2022

Seasonally adjusted
June
2021

Feb.
2022

Mar.
2022

Apr.
2022

May
2022

June
2022

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks....................................... .
15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 to 26 weeks................................... .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,709
1,980
5,195
1,276
3,918

1,994
1,449
2,105
826
1,279

2,964
1,386
1,985
699
1,286

1,972
2,182
5,311
1,338
3,973

2,131
1,800
2,437
735
1,702

2,289
1,684
1,999
571
1,428

2,227
1,617
2,033
551
1,483

2,066
1,767
2,017
661
1,356

2,262
1,552
2,089
753
1,336

Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29.8
17.6

23.2
9.4

20.8
5.8

31.6
19.6

26.6
9.6

24.2
7.5

25.0
7.5

22.5
9.6

22.3
8.5

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks....................................... .
15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 to 26 weeks................................... .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27.4
20.0
52.6
12.9
39.6

35.9
26.1
37.9
14.9
23.1

46.8
21.9
31.3
11.0
20.3

20.8
23.1
56.1
14.1
42.0

33.5
28.3
38.3
11.5
26.7

38.3
28.2
33.5
9.6
23.9

37.9
27.5
34.6
9.4
25.2

35.3
30.2
34.5
11.3
23.2

38.3
26.3
35.4
12.8
22.6

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employed
Occupation

Total, 16 years and over1............................................ .
Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . .
Management, business, and financial operations
occupations.................................................... .
Professional and related occupations......................... .
Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and related occupations................................. .
Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations....................................................... .
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . . .
Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations....................................................... .
Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . .
1

Unemployment
rates

Unemployed

June
2021

June
2022

June
2021

June
2022

June
2021

June
2022

152,283
64,316

158,678
67,224

9,883
2,303

6,334
1,520

6.1
3.5

3.8
2.2

28,216
36,100
24,631
29,839
14,246
15,593

29,179
38,045
26,195
30,264
14,311
15,953

877
1,426
2,111
1,938
906
1,032

488
1,032
1,245
1,223
619
604

3.0
3.8
7.9
6.1
6.0
6.2

1.6
2.6
4.5
3.9
4.1
3.6

14,234
1,227
8,163
4,844

14,401
1,090
8,542
4,770

1,090
115
776
199

601
68
400
133

7.1
8.6
8.7
3.9

4.0
5.9
4.5
2.7

19,263
7,950
11,313

20,593
8,544
12,050

1,647
580
1,067

1,016
315
700

7.9
6.8
8.6

4.7
3.6
5.5

Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect
the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification
system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly
comparable with earlier years.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Total, 16 years and over1............................................................... .
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................................... .
Construction......................................................................... .
Manufacturing....................................................................... .
Durable goods.................................................................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information........................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services.............................................. .
Education and health services.................................................... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services....................................................................... .
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government workers.................................................................. .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . .
1

Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)

Unemployment
rates

June
2021

June
2022

June
2021

June
2022

9,883
7,631
70
730
792
533
259
1,238
479
170
342
921
1,073
1,475
342
129
729
635

6,334
4,607
10
385
465
277
189
799
323
80
211
640
803
721
169
69
653
284

6.1
6.0
10.3
7.5
5.4
5.7
4.8
6.2
6.0
6.1
3.4
5.2
4.4
10.9
5.4
7.5
3.5
5.9

3.8
3.5
1.6
3.7
3.0
2.9
3.2
4.1
3.8
3.1
2.1
3.4
3.3
5.2
2.5
4.4
3.1
2.7

Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the
introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from
the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Not seasonally adjusted
Measure

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,
as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . .
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian
labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the
civilian labor force (official unemployment
rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged
workers, as a percent of the civilian labor
force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged
workers, plus all other persons marginally
attached to the labor force, as a percent of
the civilian labor force plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . .
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force, plus
total employed part time for economic
reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor
force plus all persons marginally attached to
the labor force.................................... .

Seasonally adjusted

June
2021

May
2022

June
2022

June
2021

Feb.
2022

Mar.
2022

Apr.
2022

May
2022

June
2022

3.2

1.3

1.2

3.3

1.5

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.3

3.5

1.4

1.6

3.6

1.9

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.6

6.1

3.4

3.8

5.9

3.8

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

6.5

3.6

4.1

6.2

4.1

3.8

3.9

3.9

3.8

7.2

4.2

4.7

7.0

4.7

4.4

4.6

4.5

4.5

10.1

6.7

7.0

9.8

7.2

6.9

7.0

7.1

6.7

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and
are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have
given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are
available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of
January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Category

June
2021

Men
June
2022

June
2021

Women
June
2022

June
2021

June
2022

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Marginally attached to the labor force1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers2........................................ .
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .

99,172
6,869
1,856
631
1,225

98,822
6,100
1,541
386
1,154

40,206
3,365
1,027
419
608

40,624
2,886
808
243
565

58,965
3,503
829
212
617

58,198
3,214
733
143
590

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders4............................................ .
Percent of total employed......................................... .
Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both full time...................... .
Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6,987
4.6
3,882
1,694
423
926

7,432
4.7
4,204
1,692
426
1,027

3,462
4.3
2,085
619
238
486

3,722
4.4
2,236
613
286
555

3,525
4.9
1,797
1,075
186
440

3,709
5.0
1,968
1,079
140
472

1

Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference
week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
2
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks
schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
3
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and
transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
4
Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Seasonally adjusted

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

146,493
124,593
20,479

150,957
128,462
20,862

151,748
129,292
21,068

152,692
130,619
21,362

145,698
123,673
20,232

151,224
129,048
20,986

151,608
129,384
21,044

151,980
129,765
21,092

Change
from:
May2022 June2022p
372
381
48

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral mining and
quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

569
46.8
522.6
116.7
176.7
35.8
41.8

609
40.8
568.1
136.1
176.4
37.4
43.1

615
41.7
573.3
136.9
180.2
37.7
43.4

629
45.3
583.9
140.2
182.5
38.1
43.9

566
46.7
519.1
116.4
174.1
36.2
41.3

613
44.6
568.4
137.1
176.5
37.1
43.4

619
44.1
574.7
137.6
178.8
37.8
43.3

625
44.9
579.8
139.4
179.4
38.2
43.2

6
0.8
5.1
1.8
0.6
0.4
-0.1

99.1
229.2

95.9
255.6

99.1
256.2

100.5
261.2

96.6
228.6

96.1
254.8

97.7
258.3

98.0
261.0

0.3
2.7

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . .
Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . .
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . .

7,557
1,669.2
867.8
801.4
1,084.5
4,803.6
2,230.0
2,573.6

7,552
1,684.2
885.9
798.3
1,063.9
4,803.8
2,226.1
2,577.7

7,710
1,711.1
905.5
805.6
1,102.2
4,896.6
2,272.2
2,624.4

7,858
1,738.3
914.1
824.2
1,122.5
4,997.2
2,309.2
2,688.0

7,378
1,638.7
852.5
786.2
1,038.6
4,700.8
2,180.2
2,520.6

7,623
1,704.8
896.9
807.9
1,067.2
4,851.2
2,243.2
2,608.0

7,657
1,710.7
903.1
807.6
1,075.4
4,871.3
2,255.1
2,616.2

7,670
1,706.8
898.6
808.2
1,079.9
4,883.1
2,255.5
2,627.6

13
-3.9
-4.5
0.6
4.5
11.8
0.4
11.4

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . .
Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Semiconductors and electronic
components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous computer and electronic
products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . .
Transportation equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous durable goods
manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printing and related support activities. . . . . . .
Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12,353

12,701

12,743

12,875

12,288

12,750

12,768

12,797

7,686
408.2
407.5
352.5
1,389.5
1,056.4
1,061.3
157.6
86.4

7,902
430.0
408.6
359.0
1,427.3
1,087.2
1,072.1
159.9
84.5

7,921
431.3
415.9
359.9
1,435.8
1,087.9
1,078.1
160.3
84.2

7,997
433.0
418.5
361.8
1,445.7
1,099.9
1,089.6
162.5
85.8

7,632
409.7
400.0
350.5
1,378.1
1,047.7
1,056.8
157.4
85.9

7,919
429.3
409.0
360.0
1,429.4
1,092.1
1,075.1
160.2
84.7

7,927
432.8
411.0
360.8
1,436.3
1,088.8
1,080.2
160.7
84.5

7,938
431.6
410.6
361.0
1,435.7
1,089.8
1,082.5
161.7
85.0

11
-1.2
-0.4
0.2
-0.6
1.0
2.3
1.0
0.5

370.2
416.7

376.2
420.0

379.3
423.4

385.8
422.8

368.0
415.3

378.0
420.3

380.3
423.3

382.3
421.4

2.0
-1.9

30.4
397.4
1,622.4
935.6
377.6

31.5
408.3
1,692.7
1,002.2
383.2

30.9
408.5
1,681.3
990.0
385.7

32.7
413.0
1,703.5
1,001.4
388.3

30.2
395.8
1,610.9
928.5
374.6

31.9
409.2
1,694.1
996.3
386.2

31.3
409.4
1,684.3
991.6
386.7

32.1
409.6
1,691.5
993.7
386.8

0.8
0.2
7.2
2.1
0.1

613.5

633.1

636.3

643.9

608.2

635.0

636.3

638.7

2.4

4,667
1,629.8
98.5
102.3
92.8
347.0
366.5
106.3
871.3
719.6

4,799
1,666.4
100.4
106.0
93.6
359.6
375.2
107.5
890.9
748.1

4,822
1,678.3
100.6
105.7
95.3
360.0
376.4
108.9
893.3
750.1

4,878
1,702.7
101.9
104.8
97.2
362.5
377.1
109.6
898.5
756.8

4,656
1,629.8
97.9
103.3
91.4
347.0
365.5
104.3
869.1
721.6

4,831
1,689.6
100.8
105.7
94.3
359.3
377.3
108.2
890.4
748.8

4,841
1,697.2
100.5
105.6
95.1
360.4
376.6
107.8
893.8
751.4

4,859
1,702.0
101.2
104.9
96.3
361.6
375.7
107.7
895.0
756.7

18
4.8
0.7
-0.7
1.2
1.2
-0.9
-0.1
1.2
5.3

332.6

350.8

353.7

366.9

325.7

356.1

352.7

358.1

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

104,114

107,600

108,224

109,257

103,441

108,062

108,340

108,673

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27,623

28,350

28,449

28,692

27,661

28,647

28,678

28,746

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

29

5,705.8
3,133.7
2,093.2

5,828.3
3,208.2
2,129.8

5,866.8
3,230.7
2,138.5

5,915.7
3,252.9
2,160.8

5,675.6
3,118.2
2,074.8

5,842.9
3,214.3
2,137.2

5,858.3
3,227.2
2,133.2

5,874.7
3,231.4
2,141.5

5.4
333
68
16.4
4.2
8.3

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

Seasonally adjusted
June
2022p

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

Change
from:
May2022 June2022p

Wholesale trade - Continued
Electronic markets and agents and
brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

478.9

490.3

497.6

502.0

482.6

491.4

497.9

501.8

3.9

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . .
Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . .
Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . .
Building material and garden supply
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . .
Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . .
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General merchandise stores, including
warehouse clubs and supercenters. . . . .
Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15,406.1
1,956.0
1,228.7
178.4
548.9
441.4
408.3

15,646.4
1,967.2
1,237.3
169.5
560.4
436.9
427.7

15,644.5
1,973.1
1,237.6
174.4
561.1
435.4
425.5

15,782.0
1,984.6
1,242.0
179.7
562.9
432.3
424.5

15,381.9
1,943.8
1,225.6
168.8
549.3
444.3
423.5

15,805.3
1,967.9
1,237.5
168.8
561.6
441.5
434.4

15,761.6
1,967.3
1,236.7
169.0
561.6
439.4
435.6

15,777.0
1,971.0
1,238.1
170.1
562.9
437.3
438.7

15.4
3.7
1.4
1.1
1.3
-2.1
3.1

1,489.8
3,134.5
1,018.3
948.3
1,025.3

1,389.7
3,145.2
1,058.4
961.5
1,046.4

1,430.3
3,145.6
1,049.0
972.2
1,052.5

1,461.0
3,187.0
1,048.6
983.9
1,079.8

1,415.7
3,126.7
1,022.7
937.5
1,035.7

1,365.9
3,170.7
1,062.3
972.6
1,092.5

1,377.4
3,163.0
1,057.1
974.3
1,084.3

1,382.4
3,169.1
1,055.9
974.3
1,085.7

5.0
6.1
-1.2
0.0
1.4

520.7
3,019.1
903.9

522.7
3,211.4
937.1

527.1
3,142.7
927.5

530.7
3,138.6
931.7

529.0
3,066.7
938.1

538.3
3,255.0
971.9

541.1
3,221.5
967.2

541.2
3,214.3
965.3

0.1
-7.2
-1.9

2,115.2
821.7
622.7

2,274.3
841.5
637.8

2,215.2
855.2
635.9

2,206.9
866.8
644.2

2,128.7
807.4
628.9

2,283.1
850.8
653.4

2,254.3
849.5
651.1

2,249.1
851.9
655.2

-5.2
2.4
4.1

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transit and ground passenger
transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . .
Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . .
Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5,967.1
473.9
147.4
57.7
1,519.3

6,338.4
541.8
146.2
57.9
1,550.6

6,398.7
550.1
146.4
59.8
1,576.4

6,450.4
561.8
146.4
62.6
1,597.0

6,061.5
469.6
147.7
56.3
1,516.8

6,459.6
543.4
145.9
58.7
1,568.9

6,518.3
549.5
146.4
59.3
1,585.2

6,553.8
557.0
146.2
60.3
1,589.5

35.5
7.5
-0.2
1.0
4.3

366.8
49.9
27.6
715.4
1,004.9
1,604.2

410.8
49.7
22.4
768.3
1,029.9
1,760.8

416.1
49.6
30.8
773.4
1,032.4
1,763.7

395.0
49.6
35.3
780.6
1,045.1
1,777.0

376.7
49.8
22.1
717.7
1,065.3
1,639.5

396.9
49.8
25.6
772.6
1,113.4
1,784.4

400.9
49.7
28.0
778.9
1,116.3
1,804.1

403.6
49.5
29.2
781.8
1,115.1
1,821.6

2.7
-0.2
1.2
2.9
-1.2
17.5

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

544.0

537.2

538.6

543.7

541.5

539.2

539.7

540.8

1.1

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture and sound recording
industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data processing, hosting and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,823
796.0

2,947
816.9

2,975
818.0

3,031
838.6

2,820
792.9

2,957
820.2

2,983
821.4

3,008
830.8

25
9.4

364.7
232.0
662.5

415.9
232.8
662.9

439.6
233.3
658.3

451.6
236.2
661.8

362.9
233.6
665.1

423.1
233.7
660.6

440.6
233.8
660.8

447.0
235.9
661.5

6.4
2.1
0.7

389.0
379.0

413.3
404.9

415.8
409.7

422.8
420.2

389.4
376.1

412.5
407.0

415.5
410.4

419.2
414.0

3.7
3.6

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . .
Credit intermediation and related
activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . .
Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . .
Activities related to credit intermediation.. .
Securities, commodity contracts,
investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . .
Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8,780
6,505.5
21.0

8,899
6,576.6
20.7

8,926
6,572.8
20.7

8,994
6,602.4
21.0

8,745
6,501.8
20.9

8,936
6,588.5
20.9

8,950
6,590.2
20.8

8,951
6,589.7
21.0

1
-0.5
0.2

2,705.0
1,745.5
1,363.1
631.9
327.6

2,714.1
1,726.7
1,335.1
646.3
341.1

2,711.2
1,728.7
1,334.6
644.5
338.0

2,711.0
1,735.9
1,338.9
636.6
338.5

2,701.3
1,738.3
1,356.9
634.1
328.9

2,714.7
1,729.1
1,337.5
645.9
339.7

2,714.5
1,728.3
1,334.2
647.0
339.2

2,703.8
1,727.6
1,332.4
637.7
338.5

-10.7
-0.7
-1.8
-9.3
-0.7

987.3
2,792.2
2,274.4
1,757.0
496.5

1,013.3
2,828.5
2,322.7
1,783.6
518.7

1,019.6
2,821.3
2,353.5
1,798.1
534.8

1,030.3
2,840.1
2,391.1
1,820.8
549.4

986.6
2,793.0
2,243.4
1,741.5
481.5

1,019.8
2,833.1
2,347.3
1,799.5
527.2

1,023.7
2,831.2
2,359.6
1,805.9
533.0

1,026.5
2,838.4
2,361.5
1,809.6
531.3

2.8
7.2
1.9
3.7
-1.7

See footnotes at end of table.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

Seasonally adjusted
June
2022p

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

Change
from:
May2022 June2022p

Real estate and rental and leasing Continued
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . .

20.9

20.4

20.6

20.9

20.4

20.6

20.7

20.6

-0.1

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . .
Architectural and engineering services. . . . . .
Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer systems design and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management and technical consulting
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scientific research and development
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other professional and technical services. . .
Management of companies and enterprises. . .
Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . .
Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Travel arrangement and reservation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investigation and security services. . . . . . . .
Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . .
Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Waste management and remediation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21,156
9,810.2
1,159.2
1,001.6
1,550.9
140.7

22,106
10,383.2
1,172.8
1,158.2
1,603.6
149.8

22,159
10,335.4
1,178.0
1,072.7
1,615.6
152.6

22,310
10,428.9
1,196.8
1,070.3
1,646.9
153.5

21,084
9,833.3
1,150.4
1,049.9
1,534.5
140.7

22,130
10,347.3
1,179.3
1,089.3
1,615.9
150.6

22,199
10,403.6
1,182.6
1,109.5
1,621.0
152.3

22,273
10,445.6
1,185.6
1,114.3
1,627.9
153.0

74
42.0
3.0
4.8
6.9
0.7

2,279.7

2,414.3

2,421.5

2,425.5

2,290.8

2,414.5

2,427.6

2,437.6

10.0

1,619.3

1,732.9

1,737.0

1,746.4

1,619.0

1,737.4

1,744.4

1,751.6

7.2

827.0
444.5
787.3
2,342.3
9,003.2
8,547.1
543.6
153.4
3,452.5
2,803.1
793.1

862.8
478.4
810.4
2,359.4
9,363.2
8,897.6
582.0
154.8
3,793.2
3,091.3
790.2

869.4
477.4
811.2
2,364.3
9,459.1
8,990.6
586.8
150.2
3,824.8
3,118.2
780.6

887.8
484.7
817.0
2,400.1
9,481.3
9,002.9
597.3
153.9
3,780.9
3,067.4
772.3

820.4
442.6
784.9
2,328.6
8,921.7
8,467.9
540.7
153.9
3,488.2
2,834.9
810.3

867.5
478.7
814.1
2,366.4
9,416.5
8,946.0
582.8
155.9
3,841.0
3,130.8
797.4

874.3
477.8
814.1
2,372.3
9,422.9
8,952.3
585.1
151.5
3,854.6
3,142.0
795.1

879.9
481.6
814.1
2,384.7
9,443.1
8,968.7
593.0
153.8
3,858.2
3,147.4
794.1

5.6
3.8
0.0
12.4
20.2
16.4
7.9
2.3
3.6
5.4
-1.0

137.4
908.6
2,260.7
297.8

151.8
918.8
2,188.6
318.2

153.8
920.7
2,252.0
321.7

157.1
921.7
2,291.8
327.9

134.3
909.6
2,138.5
292.3

152.1
916.5
2,182.1
318.2

152.5
918.2
2,174.8
320.5

153.3
919.9
2,174.5
322.1

0.8
1.7
-0.3
1.6

456.1

465.6

468.5

478.4

453.8

470.5

470.6

474.4

3.8

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . .
Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offices of other health practitioners. . . . .
Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . .
Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other ambulatory health care
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . .
Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential mental health facilities. . . . . .
Community care facilities for the
elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . .
Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergency and other relief services. . . . . .
Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . .
Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23,458
3,381.9
20,076.4
16,012.5
7,856.1
2,731.9
995.7
1,002.6
995.3
304.2
1,513.4

24,318
3,913.2
20,404.7
16,213.4
8,106.3
2,809.4
1,023.8
1,073.2
1,013.5
316.0
1,554.0

24,263
3,809.4
20,453.3
16,229.3
8,107.9
2,816.0
1,021.9
1,073.1
1,014.1
313.5
1,552.4

24,145
3,591.3
20,553.3
16,322.5
8,135.4
2,820.8
1,028.7
1,075.6
1,019.6
314.5
1,559.5

23,640
3,572.3
20,067.2
16,012.5
7,854.9
2,732.3
993.3
1,003.0
995.7
305.6
1,513.4

24,186
3,764.6
20,421.2
16,242.9
8,112.0
2,810.7
1,024.6
1,073.7
1,014.3
314.1
1,558.4

24,243
3,789.0
20,454.3
16,258.2
8,109.8
2,815.1
1,023.1
1,070.8
1,015.3
314.0
1,554.5

24,339
3,807.2
20,532.1
16,314.9
8,138.0
2,820.9
1,026.5
1,074.5
1,020.3
315.3
1,563.5

96
18.2
77.8
56.7
28.2
5.8
3.4
3.7
5.0
1.3
9.0

313.0
5,119.7
3,036.7
1,375.3
609.2

316.4
5,140.6
2,966.5
1,334.8
598.5

316.9
5,141.0
2,980.4
1,339.8
601.8

316.7
5,177.0
3,010.1
1,358.2
604.4

311.7
5,125.8
3,031.8
1,376.3
607.3

316.2
5,147.4
2,983.5
1,348.7
599.4

317.0
5,158.0
2,990.4
1,350.6
601.4

317.0
5,178.5
2,998.4
1,356.0
602.1

0.0
20.5
8.0
5.4
0.7

897.7
154.5
4,063.9
2,706.5
192.3
277.0
888.1

878.7
154.5
4,191.3
2,766.4
201.3
274.4
949.2

884.2
154.6
4,224.0
2,786.4
200.3
274.9
962.4

890.6
156.9
4,230.8
2,796.3
202.7
277.5
954.3

894.7
153.6
4,054.7
2,699.4
192.4
273.4
889.5

879.9
155.6
4,178.3
2,763.7
201.1
274.8
938.6

883.2
155.3
4,196.1
2,778.0
201.2
274.8
942.1

884.5
155.9
4,217.2
2,788.2
202.2
274.1
952.7

1.3
0.6
21.1
10.2
1.0
-0.7
10.6

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . .
Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . .
Museums, historical sites, and similar
institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14,760
2,222.4
390.1

15,326
2,195.1
490.9

15,758
2,333.7
516.2

16,315
2,546.2
516.4

14,054
1,963.3
366.6

15,530
2,265.1
486.8

15,598
2,282.4
497.8

15,665
2,294.5
501.6

67
12.1
3.8

150.0

150.6

157.7

170.9

138.4

154.6

156.5

157.8

1.3

See footnotes at end of table.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

Change
from:
May2022 June2022p

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . .

1,682.3
12,537.3
1,572.4
10,964.9

1,553.6
13,130.9
1,645.9
11,485.0

1,659.8
13,424.0
1,712.6
11,711.4

1,858.9
13,768.8
1,831.0
11,937.8

1,458.3
12,090.8
1,456.1
10,634.7

1,623.7
13,264.7
1,705.9
11,558.8

1,628.1
13,315.3
1,723.9
11,591.4

1,635.1
13,370.9
1,738.7
11,632.2

7.0
55.6
14.8
40.8

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Membership associations and organizations. . .

5,514
1,350.5
1,366.5
2,797.4

5,654
1,415.8
1,439.7
2,798.2

5,694
1,425.4
1,455.3
2,812.8

5,770
1,436.8
1,470.4
2,862.9

5,437
1,338.7
1,351.6
2,747.0

5,676
1,415.6
1,443.7
2,816.3

5,689
1,420.6
1,449.5
2,818.7

5,691
1,423.1
1,455.1
2,812.9

2
2.5
5.6
-5.8

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . .
Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . .

21,900
2,892
2,294.1
598.2
4,985
2,289.6
2,695.0
14,023
7,548.2
6,474.3

22,495
2,861
2,253.9
606.9
5,371
2,743.0
2,628.2
14,263
7,969.1
6,293.5

22,456
2,868
2,269.2
598.4
5,243
2,610.6
2,632.7
14,345
7,978.1
6,366.9

22,073
2,858
2,263.6
594.7
5,011
2,366.5
2,644.2
14,204
7,648.2
6,556.0

22,025
2,885
2,283.2
601.8
5,251
2,571.5
2,679.4
13,889
7,586.2
6,302.9

22,176
2,867
2,261.0
606.2
5,218
2,590.7
2,627.5
14,091
7,725.2
6,366.2

22,224
2,866
2,263.8
602.5
5,254
2,622.7
2,631.2
14,104
7,734.6
6,369.0

22,215
2,853
2,251.1
601.4
5,253
2,626.7
2,626.1
14,109
7,738.0
6,371.4

-9
-13
-12.7
-1.1
-1
4.0
-5.1
5
3.4
2.4

Industry

Arts, entertainment, and recreation Continued

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
3
Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private............................................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging............................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods............................................................. .
Private service-providing........................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade..................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................................................... .
Information........................................................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................................................... .

34.8
39.9
45.3
38.7
40.3
40.4
40.1
33.8
34.6
39.2
30.8
39.0
42.6
37.1
37.6
36.6
33.4
26.4
32.3

34.6
40.0
45.2
38.8
40.5
40.8
39.8
33.5
34.0
39.2
30.1
38.0
42.7
36.8
37.6
36.7
33.4
25.9
32.2

34.5
40.0
45.9
39.0
40.4
40.7
39.8
33.5
34.0
39.0
30.1
38.2
43.0
36.6
37.5
36.5
33.5
25.8
32.2

34.5
39.9
46.0
38.8
40.3
40.6
39.6
33.5
34.1
38.9
30.2
38.2
43.5
36.9
37.5
36.6
33.4
25.7
32.2

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing.......................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods.................................................................. .

3.2
3.0
3.4

3.3
3.3
3.3

3.3
3.3
3.3

3.2
3.2
3.1

Industry

p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

Industry

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing...................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................... .
Manufacturing....................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................ .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services.................... .
Leisure and hospitality............................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$30.52
30.93
34.79
32.85
29.62
31.11
27.17
30.43
26.29
33.56
21.90
26.45
44.61
44.28
40.10
36.50
29.90
18.47
27.55

$31.86
32.19
35.41
34.34
30.78
32.37
28.10
31.79
27.45
34.80
22.78
27.83
46.61
45.45
41.03
38.53
31.38
19.82
27.98

$31.98
32.33
35.75
34.55
30.86
32.49
28.12
31.90
27.55
34.84
22.82
28.05
47.19
45.82
40.99
38.62
31.53
19.96
28.15

$32.08
32.39
36.07
34.68
30.86
32.44
28.21
32.01
27.58
35.06
22.87
27.86
47.34
46.23
41.06
38.62
31.72
20.16
28.36

$1,062.10
1,234.11
1,575.99
1,271.30
1,193.69
1,256.84
1,089.52
1,028.53
909.63
1,315.55
674.52
1,031.55
1,900.39
1,642.79
1,507.76
1,335.90
998.66
487.61
889.87

$1,102.36
1,287.60
1,600.53
1,332.39
1,246.59
1,320.70
1,118.38
1,064.97
933.30
1,364.16
685.68
1,057.54
1,990.25
1,672.56
1,542.73
1,414.05
1,048.09
513.34
900.96

$1,103.31
1,293.20
1,640.93
1,347.45
1,246.74
1,322.34
1,119.18
1,068.65
936.70
1,358.76
686.88
1,071.51
2,029.17
1,677.01
1,537.13
1,409.63
1,056.26
514.97
906.43

$1,106.76
1,292.36
1,659.22
1,345.58
1,243.66
1,317.06
1,117.12
1,072.34
940.48
1,363.83
690.67
1,064.25
2,059.29
1,705.89
1,539.75
1,413.49
1,059.45
518.11
913.19

p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Industry

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

Percent
change
from:
May
2022 June
2022p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.......................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .
Utilities................................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

108.0
92.0
80.6
98.4
89.1
86.8
93.2
112.6
104.4
98.1
96.2
135.8
99.8
95.5
107.7
121.0
128.9
105.9
101.3

112.1
95.6
87.1
102.0
92.9
91.0
96.0
116.5
106.3
101.0
96.6
141.0
99.6
99.4
110.1
127.3
131.9
114.8
105.4

112.1
95.9
89.3
102.9
92.8
90.8
96.2
116.8
106.4
100.8
96.3
143.1
100.4
99.7
110.0
127.0
132.6
114.8
105.6

112.4
95.9
90.3
102.6
92.8
90.7
96.0
117.2
107.0
100.8
96.8
143.8
101.8
101.4
110.0
127.8
132.7
114.9
105.7

0.3
0.0
1.1
-0.3
0.0
-0.1
-0.2
0.3
0.6
0.0
0.5
0.5
1.4
1.7
0.0
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.1

1

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

Percent
change
from:
May
2022 June
2022p

157.6
128.6
112.5
140.5
122.7
119.9
128.5
166.5
148.1
137.8
139.2
182.8
147.1
150.6
168.5
178.8
185.5
157.8
152.9

170.7
139.1
123.8
152.1
133.0
130.8
136.8
180.1
157.3
147.1
145.4
199.7
153.4
160.8
176.2
198.7
199.1
183.5
161.6

171.3
140.1
128.1
154.5
133.2
131.1
137.2
181.2
158.1
146.9
145.3
204.2
156.6
162.7
175.8
198.7
201.2
184.9
163.0

172.4
140.4
130.8
154.6
133.2
130.7
137.5
182.4
159.1
147.8
146.2
203.9
159.2
166.9
176.1
199.9
202.6
186.8
164.2

0.6
0.2
2.1
0.1
0.0
-0.3
0.2
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.6
-0.1
1.7
2.6
0.2
0.6
0.7
1.0
0.7

The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007
annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
2
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the
corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly
earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Women employees (in thousands)

Percent of all employees

Industry

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods................................. .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................... .
Information........................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................... .
Government............................................ .

72,592
59,888
4,600
74
1,005
3,521
1,867
1,654
55,288
10,926
1,727.3
7,497.5
1,565.8
134.9
1,119
4,916
9,736
18,236
7,469
2,886
12,704

75,307
62,431
4,825
80
1,064
3,681
1,958
1,723
57,606
11,365
1,778.5
7,721.2
1,729.2
136.0
1,175
4,983
10,262
18,584
8,225
3,012
12,876

75,513
62,615
4,845
80
1,071
3,694
1,961
1,733
57,770
11,383
1,792.0
7,701.4
1,753.1
136.2
1,193
4,988
10,284
18,635
8,271
3,016
12,898

75,821
62,901
4,862
80
1,077
3,705
1,970
1,735
58,039
11,449
1,802.4
7,732.4
1,777.8
136.8
1,208
4,993
10,301
18,744
8,327
3,017
12,920

49.8
48.4
22.7
13.1
13.6
28.7
24.5
35.5
53.4
39.5
30.4
48.7
25.8
24.9
39.7
56.2
46.2
77.1
53.1
53.1
57.7

49.8
48.4
23.0
13.1
14.0
28.9
24.7
35.7
53.3
39.7
30.4
48.9
26.8
25.2
39.7
55.8
46.4
76.8
53.0
53.1
58.1

49.8
48.4
23.0
12.9
14.0
28.9
24.7
35.8
53.3
39.7
30.6
48.9
26.9
25.2
40.0
55.7
46.3
76.9
53.0
53.0
58.0

49.9
48.5
23.1
12.8
14.0
29.0
24.8
35.7
53.4
39.8
30.7
49.0
27.1
25.3
40.2
55.8
46.2
77.0
53.2
53.0
58.2

p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted1
[In thousands]
Industry

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................................................... .
Manufacturing....................................................................... .
Durable goods.................................................................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... .
Wholesale trade.................................................................. .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing............................................... .
Utilities............................................................................. .
Information........................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services.............................................. .
Education and health services.................................................... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services....................................................................... .

100,715
14,398
419
5,451
8,528
5,205
3,323
86,317
23,366
4,512.1
13,158.3
5,264.2
431.1
2,235
6,596
16,953
20,668
12,113
4,386

105,141
15,047
462
5,635
8,950
5,489
3,461
90,094
24,190
4,655.7
13,469.7
5,633.5
430.7
2,359
6,720
17,701
21,041
13,485
4,598

105,384
15,084
466
5,658
8,960
5,484
3,476
90,300
24,181
4,665.4
13,423.2
5,661.1
431.5
2,374
6,731
17,758
21,089
13,554
4,613

105,727
15,123
471
5,666
8,986
5,499
3,487
90,604
24,244
4,670.7
13,447.5
5,692.4
433.6
2,400
6,732
17,813
21,163
13,624
4,628

1

Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private............................................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging............................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods............................................................. .
Private service-providing........................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade..................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................................................... .
Information........................................................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................................................... .

34.3
40.6
47.0
39.1
41.3
41.3
41.4
33.2
34.3
38.9
30.7
38.7
42.8
36.7
37.4
36.3
32.8
25.1
31.5

34.1
40.8
47.0
39.5
41.2
41.6
40.8
32.9
34.0
39.2
30.5
37.6
42.5
36.6
37.5
36.3
32.6
24.7
31.3

34.0
40.9
47.4
39.9
41.2
41.4
40.8
32.9
34.1
39.2
30.4
37.8
42.9
36.4
37.3
36.2
32.7
24.6
31.2

34.0
40.6
47.8
39.6
40.9
41.2
40.4
32.9
34.0
39.1
30.4
37.8
43.1
36.3
37.5
36.2
32.7
24.5
31.2

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing.......................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods.................................................................. .

4.1
4.1
4.1

4.1
4.3
3.9

4.1
4.3
3.9

4.0
4.2
3.7

Industry

1

Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

Industry

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing...................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................... .
Manufacturing....................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................ .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services.................... .
Leisure and hospitality............................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$25.81
26.44
30.92
30.43
23.77
24.79
22.18
25.69
22.31
27.60
18.52
23.69
39.80
37.13
30.32
30.50
26.95
16.15
23.58

$27.18
27.60
32.22
31.75
24.82
26.04
22.85
27.10
23.69
28.82
19.45
25.95
41.68
36.91
31.76
32.35
28.52
17.59
24.29

$27.32
27.84
32.32
32.14
24.95
26.21
22.93
27.21
23.81
28.93
19.45
26.18
42.03
37.36
32.02
32.38
28.61
17.75
24.33

$27.45
27.93
32.59
32.25
25.00
26.23
23.01
27.35
23.86
29.01
19.50
26.20
42.17
37.46
32.27
32.62
28.75
17.79
24.45

$885.28
1,073.46
1,453.24
1,189.81
981.70
1,023.83
918.25
852.91
765.23
1,073.64
568.56
916.80
1,703.44
1,362.67
1,133.97
1,107.15
883.96
405.37
742.77

$926.84
1,126.08
1,514.34
1,254.13
1,022.58
1,083.26
932.28
891.59
805.46
1,129.74
593.23
975.72
1,771.40
1,350.91
1,191.00
1,174.31
929.75
434.47
760.28

$928.88
1,138.66
1,531.97
1,282.39
1,027.94
1,085.09
935.54
895.21
811.92
1,134.06
591.28
989.60
1,803.09
1,359.90
1,194.35
1,172.16
935.55
436.65
759.10

$933.30
1,133.96
1,557.80
1,277.10
1,022.50
1,080.68
929.60
899.82
811.24
1,134.29
592.80
990.36
1,817.53
1,359.80
1,210.13
1,180.84
940.13
435.86
762.84

1

Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on
private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
[2002=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Industry

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

Percent
change
from:
May
2022 June
2022p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.......................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .
Utilities................................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

115.1
89.3
104.6
106.7
80.9
80.8
81.1
122.1
112.1
104.2
102.2
154.2
94.4
93.6
116.1
137.6
144.5
111.4
96.9

119.5
93.8
115.4
111.4
84.6
85.8
83.2
126.3
115.0
108.3
104.0
160.3
93.6
98.5
118.6
143.7
146.3
122.0
100.9

119.4
94.3
117.4
113.0
84.7
85.3
83.6
126.6
115.3
108.5
103.3
162.0
94.7
98.6
118.2
143.7
147.0
122.1
100.9

119.8
93.8
119.6
112.3
84.4
85.1
83.0
127.0
115.3
108.4
103.5
162.8
95.6
99.4
118.8
144.2
147.5
122.3
101.3

0.3
-0.5
1.9
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
-0.7
0.3
0.0
-0.1
0.2
0.5
1.0
0.8
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.4

1

June
2021

Apr.
2022

May
2022p

June
2022p

Percent
change
from:
May
2022 June
2022p

198.6
144.6
188.2
175.3
125.7
125.0
127.0
215.2
178.7
169.7
162.2
232.5
156.8
172.1
216.6
249.6
257.1
204.3
166.5

217.0
158.5
216.2
191.1
137.4
139.5
134.3
234.7
194.7
184.2
173.3
264.8
162.9
180.1
231.7
276.4
275.3
243.7
178.6

218.0
160.7
220.6
196.2
138.3
139.6
135.4
236.2
196.2
185.3
172.1
269.9
166.1
182.4
232.8
276.8
277.7
246.2
178.9

219.8
160.5
226.8
195.6
137.9
139.4
135.0
238.3
196.6
185.6
172.9
271.6
168.2
184.4
235.9
279.7
280.0
247.0
180.4

0.8
-0.1
2.8
-0.3
-0.3
-0.1
-0.3
0.9
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.6
1.3
1.1
1.3
1.0
0.8
0.3
0.8

Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
2
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002
annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
3
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the
corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly
earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.