Full text of The Employment Situation : June 1981
The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
News Sr
Bureau of Labor Statistics
•
Washington, D.C. 20212
- 2 the increase they had experienced in May. The April-June movement may
adjustment
Debbie Sprinkle
Norman Bowers
Kathryn Hoyle
(202)
523-1371
523-1944
523-1913
523-1208
(202)
USDL 81-343
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS
EMBARGOED UNTIL 9:00 A.M. (EDT), THURSDAY,
JULY 2, 1981
process
was
unable to account fully.
group had been relatively steady for several
occurred
Contact:
among
those
workers
edged up slightly.
JUNE 1981
Total employment and unemployment declined in June, after seasonal adjustment, the Bureau of
Statistics
of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today.
prevailed
in
the
percent
in
Following an increase in May
June,
the
level
the
month
to
98.4
million.
payroll employment—derived
month,
strike.
of
last
despite
the
which
return
This
840,000
followed several months of very large increases.
from the monthly survey of establishments—was
to
by
unchanged
over
Nonfarm
over
the
work of some 150,000 coal miners after the settlement of their
Both series showed job gains of about one and a half million from their recession
summer.
lows
(The establishment data reflect revisions based on March 1980 benchmarks and
updated seasonal adjustment factors.
See explanation on page
an
A
decline
In
unemployment
for
women
the
rate
for
black
The
and
(See tables A-l, A-2, A-5, and A-8.)
Civilian labor force
Total employment
Unemployment
Not In labor force
Discouraged workers
Cjiarterly averages
I
I
Monthly data
t
I
I
I
I
I
|
I
I May I 1980 |
1981
J
1981
| June
I
I
I
I
I
I
I change
I
II 1
I
1
II
I Apr. | May
| June
|
|
I
Thousands of persons
1104, 693 1105, 800| 106, 7681106, 722 1107, 406| 106,176| - 1 , 230
| 97,040| 98,012f 98,868| 98, 976 f 99,235( 98,392(
-843
I 7,652| 7,7881 7,900] 7,746| 8,171| 7,7841
-387
I 59,111| 59,820| 59,377| 59,219| 58,739| 60,1731
1,434
|
9211
1.115J
1,018|
N.A.|
N.A.|
N.A.|
N.A.
I
!
!
j
I
!
)
had
February-April period.
Total employment—derived from the monthly survey of households—declined
of
seasonal
Jobless rates for full-time workers and for workers in trade
I
t
HOUSEHOLD DATA
to 7.6 percent, the jobless rate dropped back to 7.3
the
Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
Category
Labor
reflection
which
25-54 years old, also countering an Increase in the previous month.
dropped, also a return to their pre-May levels.
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:
a
Prior to May, the unemployment rate for this
months.
unemployment rate for white workers declined over the month, whereas
other
Advance copies of this release are made available to the press with
the explicit understanding that, prior to 9 a.m. Eastern time: (1)
Wire services will not move over their wires copy based on
information
in this release, (2) electronic media will not feed such information to
member stations, and (3) representatives of news organizations will not
contact anyone outside the Bureau of Labor Statistics to ask questions
or solicit comments about information in this release.
be
earlier-than-usual summer labor force entrance among college students, for
5.)
Unemployment r a t e s :
All workers
Adult men
:
Adult women
Teenagers
White
Black and o t h e r
Hispanic o r i g i n
F u l l - t i m e workers
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Nonfarm p a y r o l l employment
Goods-producing i n d u s t r i e s
Service-producing I n d u s t r i e s
I
I
I
I
I
t
I
I
I
|
1
I
I
I
7.31
6.2|
6.4|
17.9|
6.5|
13.2|
10.11
7.0)
I
I
7.4|
6.0|
6.6|
19.11
6.6|
13.2|
11.3|
7.11
I
Percent of labor
I
I
7.4|
7.3|
6.11
5.8|
6.6|
6.6f
19.2)
19.11
6.5|
6.5|
13.7|
13.2|
9.8|
9.11
7.11
6.9|
!
force
I
7.6|
6.3|
6.8|
19.5|
6.8|
13.6)
10.2|
7.3|
!
|
7.3|
6.1|
6.5|
19.0/
6.4|
14.2)
10.2|
7.0{
t
-0.3
-0.2
-0.3
-0.5
-0.4
0.6
0
-0.3
j
Thousands of jobs
| 90,450| 91, 232 | 9 1 , 501p| 91,458|91,530p|91,516p|
| 25,678] 25,670125,721p| 25,700)25,690p|25,774p|
| 64,772| 65,562165,780pt 65,758|65,840pI 65,742pl
I
I
I
I
I
I
!
^Rp~
84p
-98p
Unemployment
Unemployment traditionally rises in June, coincident with the closing
entrance
of
many young people into the labor force In search of jobs.
of
schools
and
the
This June, the increase
was less than usual, and, as a result, unemployment declined on a seasonally adjusted
basis
Average weekly h o u r s :
Total p r i v a t e nonfarm
Manufacturing
Manufacturing overtime
to
p-preliminary.
7.8
million.
The Nation's unemployment rate declined from 7.6 percent In May to 7.3 percent in
June, a return to the rate that had prevailed over the February-April period.
Jobless rate decreases in June
selected
worker groups.
were
not
pervasive
but
rather
were
concentrated
among
Among men, the sharpest drop occurred among 20-24 year-olds, reversing
I
I
I
I
|
t
35.2(
39. 51
2.7|
I
35.3|
39. 91
2.9|
!
j
!
Hours of work
I
I
I
35.4p|
3 5 . 4 | 35.4p[
40.2p|
40. 21 4 0 . 3 p |
3.Op!
2.9|
3.1p|
!
i
j
I
35.3p|
40. lp |
3.0p|
!
N.A.-not a v a i l a b l e .
- 0 . lp
-0.2p
- 0 . lp
- 4 -
- 3 Long-term unemployment
a
decline
(joblessness of IS or more weeks) Increased In June, while there
in the number of workers who had been unemployed less than 15 weeks.
14.2
weeks
adjustment
above
The civilian labor force typically swells in June, as large numbers of youth enter the labor
and either find jobs or continue to search for work*
occurred
in
recent
employees
on
seasonality,
nonagricultural
payrolls
was
91.5
million
This June, the labor force Increase
years*
Thus,
on
a
seasonally
substantial, 1*2 million, over-the-month labor force decline*
adjusted
basis, there was a very
Persons 16-24 years old, who make
the
pre-recession
peak
of March 1980.
were
the
recession,
Due to the settlement of
returning
the
total
the
coal
miners'
strike,
mining
to just above the March pre-strike level.
jobs
previous
Total employment fell by 840,000 in
June
to
98.4
million
(seasonally
adjusted).
This
1981,
declined
by
60,000 in June to 4.3 million.
improvements,
the year, as employment returned to the March level.
teenagers,
June employment declines took place
while the employment level for adult women held steady.
among,
(See table
The number of discouraged workers declined by about 100,000 in the second quarter of 1981 to
million,
still
well
above pre-recession levels.
(These are persons who report that they
want to work but are not looking for jobs because they believe they cannot find any.)
percent
of
the
discouraged
(See table A'11.)
About
70
total attributed their situation to Job-market factors, while the
remainder cited personal factors.
group.
In the service-producing sector, the number of jobs In State and local
government
Since
fell
by
Jobs in trade;
services; and finance, insurance, and real estate held about steady over the month.
Discouraged Workers
1.0
small
products.
110,000, while employment rose by 25,000 in transportation and public utilities.
A-l.)
months
A number of industries showed
in several other industries, particularly food processing and lumber and wood
and
150,000,
including transportation equipment, but these increases were offset by reductions
last July's low point, total factory jobs have increased by about 530,000.
men
and
This marked the second straight monthly
decline partially offset the unusually large job gains which had occurred since the beginning of
adult
by
had shown steady growth in the last half of 1980 and modest increases during the first 4
Manufacturing employment was unchanged over the month.
section) and employment estimates in June.
650,000
construction
Increased
decline, returning the construction job total to Its July 1980 recession low.
the
about
Construction employment, which
of
in
after
manufacturing, have not yet returned to their previous peaks.
These labor force developments affected both the unemployment
discussed
June
While most industries have shown some job gains
up only one-fifth of the labor force, accounted for four—fifths of the seasonally adjusted drop*
(as
in
from May.1 (See table B-l.) Over the longer term, total
unchanged
since last year's low, the major industries most affected by
was nearly 1.3 million, but this was only about half the amount expected based on patterns which
have
for
payroll jobs have increased by 1.6 million since last July's low point and
(See table A-6.)
Labor Force and Total Employment
force
The number of
As a result of
these developments, the average (mean) duration of unemployment rose a full week to
In June.
was
Industry Payroll Employment
Women and blacks continued to be overrepresented
among
this
Hours of Work
The average workweek of production or
payrolls
edged
down
0.1
hour
to
35.3
nonsupervisory
hours in June.
workers
on
The index of aggregate weekly hours of
payrolls,
at
108.8
(1977-100)
percent above last July's low point.
range
of
35.1
to
35*4
In manufacturing, the workweek fell 0,2 hour to 40.1 hours,
and overtime edged down 0.1 hour to 3.0 hours.
nonfarm
nonagricultural
Based on recently revised seasonally
adjusted data, the workweek has remained within the relatively narrow
hours for the last year and a half.
private
(See table B-2.)
production
or
nonsupervisory
workers
on
private
in June, was virtually unchanged from May but was 2.7
The manufacturing index fell 0.5 percent over the month to
100.2; the index was 5.6 percent above last July.
(See table fl-5.)
- 5 Table B. Comparison of March 1981 establishment survey employment estimates, before and after
revision to March 1980 benchmark levels, not seasonally adjusted
Hourly and Weekly Earnings
Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on
private
nonagricultural
(In thousands)
payrolls rose 0.7 percent over the month (seasonally adjusted).
Average weekly earnings were up
0.4 percent from May. Before adjustment for seasonality, average
cents
in
June
to
$7.20, 59 cents above the year-earlier level.
$254.88, up $2.50 from May and $21.55 from June 1980.
hourly
earnings
increased
| March 1981 employment
I estimates based on:
3
Difference
Average weekly earnings were
Industry
| March 1979
( benchmarks
(See table B-3.)
March 1980
benchmarks
The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings Index—earnings adjusted for overtime in manufacturing, seasonality, and
the
effects
of
changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage and low-wage
138.2 (1977-100) in June, 0.4 percent higher than in May. The Index was 8.9
year
ago.
industries—was
percent above June a
In dollars of constant purchasing power, the Index decreased 0.4 percent during the
12-month period ended in May. (See table B-4.)
Total nonfarm employment
Private sector
Mining..
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities
wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance and real estate.
Services
Government
Federal
State and local
*
I
I
I
1
I
\
I
I
I
|
|
I
90,817
74,409
1,086
4,135
20,246
5,107
20,480
5,252
18,103
16,408
2,769
13,639
90,720
74,227
1,084
4,048
20,160
5,095
20,290
5,263
18,287
16,493
2,769
13,724
Revisions in the Establishment Survey Data
Following customary practice, the establishment survey data published in this release
have
been revised
to reflect new benchmarks (comprehensive employment counts). In addition, new
seasonal adjustment factors have been calculated, and all seasonally adjusted series have been
revised
to take account
of the experience
through March
1981. Moreover, the Indexes of
aggregate hours and hourly earnings have been converted to a 1977 base year.
Table C.-* Comparison of seasonally adjusted over-the-month changes in
total nonfarm employment from January 1980 through March 1981, before
and after revisions
(In thousands)
Summary employment revisions are shown in the following
two tables.
Table B compares
employment estimates, not seasonally adjusted, for March 1981 (the last final estimates based on
the previous benchmark) on the old and new benchmarks, while table C compares
seasonally
adjusted
over-the-month changes in total
nonfarm
payroll employment estimates for January
1980-March 1981.
For a discussion of the effect of the benchmark revisions, see "BLS Establishment
Estimates
Revised
to March
1980 Benchmarks," which will appear In the July issue of Employment.and
Earnings. New seasonal adjustment factors for use in the coming year, an explanation of the"
seasonal adjustment methodology, and the rebased Hourly Earnings Index will also be included- In
this publication*
Historical establishment series (not seasonally adjusted) have been revised from April
1979
forward
to reflect
the new benchmark. Seasonally adjusted series have been revised back to
January 1976. All revised historical aeries will be published
in a special aupplement
to
Employment and Earnings
in early August. This supplement, when combined with the historical
volume, Employment and Earnings, United States, 1909-78, Bulletin
1312-11, will comprise
the
full historical series on national data from the establishment survey.
Year and month
previously
published
As
revised
1980:
January..
February.
March....
April....
May
June
July
August...
September
October..
November.
December.
353
155
-42
193
483
421
180
275
242
326
251
164
151
178
6
-54
-371
-359
-127
259
242
207
176
105
1981:
January..
February.
March....
356
172
52
142
167
89
-97
-182
-2
-87
-86
-12
-190
11
184
85
—
85
Explanatory Note
Chart 1. Clvtllan labor force and employment
(Seasonally adjusted)
120000
- Civilian labor f o r e *
•• Total •mploy«d
- Nonagrl cultural poyrol •mploym#nt
noooo
100000
90000
80000
70000
70000
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
197S
1976
1977
1978
1979
1990
1981
Chart 2. Unemployment rate—all civilian workers
PERCENT
PERCENT
n.o I
S*a»onaty odJiMt*d
- Not Maaonaly odJu»Ud
p
...
11.0
• • . . . • • . :
N>S
7.3
r.7
-4 9.0
9.0 r" ' • • . ' • •
v
•>•>
r\j
'"' Y ^ * \ i
X"x>
v\i£
•*••.,.'•••-./••
1 \ JV^-A *,
^^^X\
WkM
L
1
'•
rW^
-
r,
:
*' T'"*
fS^'.'-.'.
J
%.
i-Utli-L.t_l.U-LJ. i'li VVv-i:
\—>i
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
_l_L.l M i l J-UL-LJ- I . I
197S
1977
1978
1975
Chart 3. C i v i l i a n labor force participation
and t o t a l employment-population r a t i o
(Seasonally adjusted)
1 i • i 1• 1 1 1 .
1979
I960
i i l
1961
rate
1969 1970
1971
1973
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1976
1979
I960
1361
Not* Th* thod#d ar*as daptct th* 6o»1r*»* cycl* p*ak» and troughs a* dwlanattd by th*
National Bureau of Economic RM*arch.
This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (household
survey) and the Current Employment Statistics Survey
(establishment survey). The household survey provides
the information on the labor force, total employment,
and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked
HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about
60,000 households that is conducted by the Bureau of
the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on
the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information
is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation
with State agencies. The sample includes approximately
166,000 establishments employing about 35 million
people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually collected for and relate to a particular week. In
the household survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is
the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the
month, which is called the survey week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond
directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of
technical factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable
variance in results between a survey of a sample and a
census of the entire population. Each of these factors is
explained below.
Coverage, definitions and differences between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are
selected so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Those who hold
more than one job are classified according to the job at
which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work
at all as paid civilians; worked in their own business or
profession or on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or
more in an enterprise operated by a member of their
family, whether they were paid or not. People are also
counted as employed if they were on unpaid leave
because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor
and management, or personal reasons.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of
their eligibility for unemployment benefits or public
assistance, if they meet all of the following criteria:
They had no employment during the survey week; they
were available for work at that time; and they made
specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
prior 4 weeks. Also included among the unemployed are
persons not looking for work because they were laid off
and waiting to be recalled and those expecting to report
to a job within 30 days.
The civilian labor force equals the sum of the number
employed and the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the percentage of unemployed people in the
civilian labor force. Table A-4 presents a special grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force.
The definitions are provided in the table. The most
restrictive definition yields U-l, and the most comprehensive yields U-7. The official unemployment rate
isU-5.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment
survey only counts wage and salary employees whose
names appear on the payroll records of nonagricultural
firms. As a result, there are many differences between
the two surveys, among which are the following:
—-The household survey, although based on a
smaller sample, reflects a larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture, the
self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private
household workers;
—-The household survey includes people on unpaid
leave among the employed; the establishment survey
does not;
—The household survey is limited to those 16 years
of age and older; the establishment survey is not limited
by age;
—-The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once;
in the establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one
payroll would be counted separately for each
appearance.
Other differences between the two surveys are
described in "Comparing Employment Estimates from
Household and Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS upon request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over a course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events
as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing
of schools. For example, the labor force increases by a
large number each June, when schools close and many
young people enter the job market. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large; over the course of a
year, for example, seasonality may account for as much
as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in
unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical
trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from
month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in economic activity or
increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. To return to the school's-out example, the large number of people entering the tabor
force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to
determine if the level of economic activity has risen or
declined. However, because the effect of students
finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics
for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is
made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more
useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic
activity.
Measures of civilian labor force, employment, and
unemployment contain components such as age and sex.
Statistics for all employees, production workers,
average weekly hours, and average hourly earnings include components based on the employer's industry. All
these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the components
and combining them. The second procedure usually
yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted
figure for the civilian labor force is the sum of eight
seasonally adjusted employment components and four
seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the
total for unemployment is the sum of the four
unemployment components; and the official unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of
total unemployment by the estimate of the civilian labor
force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June
period and again for the July-December period. The
January revision is applied to data that have been
published over the previous 5 years. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment
are calculated only once a year, along with the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussed at the end
of the next section.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to sampling error, that is, the
estimate of the number of people employed and the
other estimates drawn from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the amount
of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard
errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey,
and other factors. However, the numerical value is
always such that the chances are 68 out of 100 that an
estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than
the standard error from the results of a complete census.
The chances are 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on
the sample will differ by no more than 1.6 times the
standard error from the results of a complete census. At
the 90-percent level of confidence--the confidence limits
used by BLS in its anaiyses-the error for the monthly
change in total employment is on the order of plus or
minus 279,000; for total unemployment it is 194,000;
and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19
percentage point. These figures do not mean that the
sample results are off by these magnitudes but, rather,
that the chances are 90 out of 100 that the " t r u e " levd
or rate would not be expected to differ from the
estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys arc reduced
when the data are cumulated for several months, such
as quarterly or annually. Also, as a general rule,
the smaller the estimate, the larger the sampling
error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the estimate
of the size of the labor force is subject to less
error than is the estimate of the number unemployed.
And, among the unemployed, the sampling error for the
jobless rate of adult men, for example, is much smaller
than is the error for the jobless rate of teenagers.
Specifically, the error on monthly changs in the jobless
rate for men is .24 percentage point; for teenagers, it is
1.06 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most
current months are based on incomplete returns; for this
reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the
tables. When all the returns in the sample have been
received, the estimates are revised. In other words, data
for the month of September are published in
preliminary form in October and November and in final
form in December. To remove errors that build up over
time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes
can be measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries and allow for
the formation of new establishments.
Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's
employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide
variety of data in this news release. More comprehensive
statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings,
published each month by BLS. It is available for $2.75
per issue or $22.00 per year from the U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20204. A check or
money order made out to the Superintendent of
Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of the standard errors for the household survey
data published in this release. For unemployment and
other labor force categories, the standard errors appear
•in tables B through J of its "Explanatory Notes."
Measures of the reliability of the data drawn from the
establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision
due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables
M, P, Q, and R of that publication.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the population by sex and age
(Numt»r* In thous»nd»)
166, 105
2,092
161,013
106,067
6*.7
97.776
58.9
J . 737
94,039
8,291
7-8
57,946
168,272
2,127
166, 1**5
106,3U7
64.0
98,803
58.7
3,135
95,367
7,515
7.1
59,798
79,575
1,935
77,641
61 ,440
80,588
1,953
78,635
168,480
2,131
166,349
107,621
64.7
99,341
59.0
3,763
95,578
8,279
7.7
58,729
57,230
70.9
4,463
7.2
1,658
69,532
55,570
79-9
52,153
73-3
2,470
49,683
Toti< nomnititutionaf population1
Toulm
Amwd Forori'.
Ov<Um nonirmltution*! population1
Gvilian l«bor toitt
Pamclpftlon riti
72,359
1,673
70,687
56.095
79.1
52,790
73.0
2.391
50,399
3,305
5.9
87,681
171
67,510
15,676
52.2
12,275
18.2
3,10
7.1
129
78,211
39,688
50-7
37,087
47.3
669
36,397
2,601
6.6
16,575
30*
16,271
10,809
66-4
8,536
51.5
577
7,959
79,612
115
79,198
11,616
52.3
38,971
48.9
620
38,354
2,642
6.3
16,270
309
15,961
8,637
54.1
7,039
43.3
424
6,615
1,597
18.5
2,092
164 ,013
101,591
i>3. e
96,780
58.3
3,232
93,548
79,575
1,935
77,641
60,093
77.4
55,597
69. 9
1,496
7.5
72.47H
1,686
70,788
56,265
79.5
52,967
73. 1
2,485
50,482
3,298
5.9
1,658
69,532
55,182
79.1
51,624
72.5
2,301
49,323
3,558
87,616
45,928
52.4
86,373
44,498
51.5
41,225
51.S
38,459
16,240
296
15,944
10,130
63.5
7,915
48.7
577
1
51.4
37,613
48.0
16,575
304
16,271
9,227
56.7
7,543
45.5
381
7,162
1,684
18.3
167,747
2,121
165,627
105,681
3,281
94,646
7,754
167,902
2,128
165,/74
106,177
64.0
98,412
58.6
3,276
95,136
7,764
7.3
59,5 98
80,346
1,950
78,396
60,338
77.0
56,04 5
69.8
4,293
80,415
1,954
78,461
60,628
77.3
56,383
70.1
4,215
7.0
70,413
55,445
78.7
52,134
72.3
2,289
49,844
3,312
6.0
70,481
55,816
79.2
52,511
72.8
2,296
50,215
3,305
5.9
87,402
170
87,231
45,343
52.0
41,882
47.9
3,461
7.6
87,187
174
87,313
45,549
52.2
42,029
48.0
3,5t9
7.7
79,175
41,090
51.9
38,410
48.4
615
37,794
2,680
6.5
79, 271
41,293
52.1
38,567
48.6
606
37,961
2,725
6.6
16,039
9.146
57.0
7,384
Civilian trnptoyiwrn •
16,331
310
16,022
9,068
56.6
7,334
44.9
374
6,960
98,976
58.9
3,463
95,513
80,492
1,955
78,537
60,893
77.5
56,688
70.4
4,205
72,249
1,675
70,571
56,013
87,404
15,829
52.4
42,288
52.3
36,760
18.7
603
38,157
2,721
6.6
16,300
310
15,991
9,228
57.7
7,465
45.8
451
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A3-
Table A-2. Employment statu* of the population by race, sex, and age
Selected employment Indicator*
«ln t h o u M M l * )
(Numbirt in thouundt)
w i i 11 »*r
Cmm't
EDWbVMMIMW.nMIM.Mlli
June
1980
1981
Jun«
19S1
Juoe
1980
Fab.
t98t
(tar.
mi
fcpr.
1981
1981
Jane
1961
WHITE
145,161
1,616
143,565
93,340
65-0
Civilian noninMfctuttanil population1
GnliMitttarfWM
1*6,193 146,951 1*5,181 146,403 146,515 146,640 146,793 1*6,951
1,632
1,635
1,616
1,629
1,633
1,634
1,632 1,635
1)15,160 145,316 143,565 140,774 144.682 145,006 145,160 145,316
«,670
94,647
92,13*
93.035
93,313
93,860
94,506
93,464
64.5
65.1
£4.2
*4.3
6«.4
64.7
6S.1
6*.3
'.. - • ^
49,581
80.5
46,8/6
74.6
2,706
5-5
Chiliantaborfore*
imptov*
'
'.'.'.
ImptovrMflt-popwHiionrBto*
Unamplavad
Urwmploymant rcM
59.8
5,889
6.3
49,986
80.0
47,3dO
74.3
2,606
5.2
60.1
6,271
6.6
50,199
80.2
47,6O
74-6
2,557
5.1
59.2
6,127
6.7
59.4
6,095
6.6
49,268
49,420
80.0
79.3
46,442
46,7^7
73.9
73.6
.2,826
2,664
5.7
5.4
59.6
6,022
6.S
49,695
79.7
47,030
73.9
2,664
5.4
59.9
6,069
6.5
60.0
6,432
6.8
59.5
5,964
6.4
ProfMtwfl* awl lachnic*)
Mtingtn wid •diwrtntfitOfi, •fcO*M '§nn . .
SdH worktn
Citric* wort.™
49,947
50,227
49,878
80.0
80.4
79.7
47,330
47,427
47,217
74.3
74.3
73.9
2,618
2,799
2,66;
5.2
5.6
5.3
Blua-collv worlur*
Craft and kmdrad worhtn
O t w a t M t . . > c w l rrannwrt
Tuntport •Quipnwni opmtivtt
. ..
Nonfwm labrn*™
F*mn wortcart
CMIIan labor fern
' " ^ s i i i ^ i ^ v ^ ' •••••••••••
UwnolOY*
Un^aym**'**
ipr.
1981
Jutm
1981
.5.
99,341
38,292
23,145
4,891
96,780
38,220
23,131
4,674
97,927
38,113
23,356
4,852
98,412
36,365
23.513
4,878
98,976
38,510
23,529
4,971
»,23S
38%O8
23,831
4,914
9(1,392
38.216
23,763
4,921
50,307
15,241
10,878
6,023
18,165
31,333
12,621
10,273
3,459
4,981
13,103
3,032
51,419
15,607
11,152
6,408
18,251
31,791
12,744
10,571
3,452
5,024
13,082
3,050
50,036
15,68J
10,901
6,046
18,207
30,4i.3
12,357
10,233
3.429
4,42*
12,941
2,625
51,698
15,813
11,488
6,271
18,125
30,446
12,386
10,390
3.361
*,309
13,070
2,662
51,7*16
15,827
11,565
6,220
18,135
30,594
12,605
10,189
3,363
4,437
13,279
2,679
51,aO1
15,754
11.44U
6,145
18,457
31,156
12,624
10,524
3,411
4.596
13,255
2,81*
51,967
15,688
11,260
6,461
18,557
31,373
12,743
U,609
3,390
U.632
T3,213
2,707
51,959
1b,057
11,17*
6,440
18,288
30.9^2
12,«e2
10,550
i,(*iS
4,466
IT,930
2,b48
3*,195
50-T
32,2J1
47.1
1,964
5-7
35,975
35,492
51-9
51.2
33,9tf7
33,4bO
49.0
48.2
1,987
2,033
S.5
5.7
34,657
50.8
32,681
47.6
1,976
5.7
35,423
51.3
33,421
48.4
2,002
5.7
35.529
51.4
33,539
48.5
1,990
5.6
35,727
51.7
33,679
48.6
2,048
5.7
8,089
60.1
6,721
49.1
1,368
16.9
18.0
15.7
8,186
60.9
6,782
49.6
1,404
17.2
17.2
17.1
3fi,149
52.2
33,987
49.0
2,162
6.0
35,980
51.9
33,935
48.9
2,045
5.7
1,464
1,6*«
231
1,377
X.btl
256
88,195
i
15,(.28
72,567
1,24t
68,e77
15,512
73,365
1,144
87,734
15,400
72,274
1,14f.
306 '
'13fl
*36^
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agr^lu-a
1,658
1.693
386
Unoaid lamily wqrfcan
- .
•witeJpatlon r—
^
(tar.
1981
97,776
38,308
22.542
4,648
Self amploTM * o r k . r ,
Civiliantabortorea
.
Feb.
1981
OCCUPATION
59.9
6,420
6>9
Untwpjoyi.^. •
t«piov*l
J<m«
1980
CHARACTEMfTK
T o U i m ^ r r u t M population'
imgav*^
Jun.
19B1
Jun«
1980
.
Urwmprwd.
Ur«r«lov<««rnri»f
Mm
Warm
9,564
69.7
7,814
56.0
1,750
18.3
18.S
18.0
7,708
57.5
6,413
47.0
1,295
16.8
16.S
17.1
8,955
66.9
7,274
53.4
1,682
18.8
18.6
18.9
6,209
59.8
6,8r)4
49.4
1,325
16.1
17.4
14.7
8,191
60.7
6,7*2
49.2
1,429
17.4
18.2
16.6
8,130
7,606
60.7
56.8
6,669
6,343
48.9
46.6
1,461 1,258
16.0
16.5
18.4
17.5
17.5
15.5
20,924
476
20.448
12,727
62.2
21,479
49*
20,985
12,678
60.4
21,529
496
21,033
12,974
61.7
20,924
476
20,448
12,491
61.1
21,344
491
20,853
12,598
60.4
21,387
4 95
20,892
12,765
61.1
21,431
495
20,936
12,899
61.6
51.9
1,871
14.7
51-3
1,«56
13.1
50.9
2,009
15.5
51.7
1,662
13.5
51.3
1,655
13.1
51.5
1,745
13»7
52.2
1,706
13.2
51.9
50.8
1,757 1,013
U.6
14.2
5,984
75.3
5,2/8
63.5
71T
11.9
6,109
74«7
5,409
63.2
699
11.4
6,066
74.0
5,325
62.0
7*1
12.2
5,965
75.0
5,2.15
63.0
730
12.2
6,007
73.9
S.355
63.0
651
10. a
6,072
7*.6
5,414
63.S
658
10.8
6,081
74.5
5,437
63.6
644
10.6
6,153
75.2
5,425
63.3
727
11.8
6,046
73.7
5,268
61.6
758
12.5
5,493
55.2
4,856
48.7
6J7
11.6
5,641
55-1
«,9d6
46.5
654
11.6
5,733
55.8
4,999
48.5
7J4
12.8
5.523
55.5
4,920
49.3
603
10.9
5,645
55.5
4,976
48.7
669
11.9
5,708
56.0
4.988
48.7
720
12.6
5,764
56.4
5,083
49.6
681
11.8
5,724
55.9
5,036
49.0
630
12.0
5,759
56.1
5,065
49.1
694
12.0
1,245
48.6
7£2
27-5
523
42.0
38.3
46.3
928
36.3
626
23.6
302
32.6
32.6
32-3
1,175
45.8
641
24.4
534
45.4
43.2
47.9
1,003
39.3
634
24.9
34 9
34.8
33.5
36.3
946
37.1
611
2J.2
335
35.4
35.5
35.3
985
38.5
618
23.5
3«7
37.3
33.5
41.«
1,054
41.2
673
25.6
381
36.1
37.5
34.6
1,018
39.8
676
25.7
342
33.6
34.3
32.8
936
36.5
575
21.9
361
38.6
39.4
37.7
86,837
15,367
71,469
1,265
Print* mdutmn
I W w houitnoltu
Otfiar iMuttritt
S*f-»mpH)vwt •"WH«r,
Unp»Kj l*r..ly wOFt,'t
1,666
1,7*2
355
1,369
1,606
278
1,316
1,610
325
1,338
1,615
3T2
88,190
15,027
73,163
1,207
86.170
15,d17
70.553
1,204
87,236
15,589
71,b«7
1,176
67,870
15.685
72,165
1,235
469
389
445
371
3 54
I
fl7,994
• &9,441
71,454
j 7i,945
J.S69
4,145
1.734
1,622
2,235
2,523
12,571
12,351
89,58}
72,875
4,227
1,63ft
2,589
12.4ST
1,524
1,fi«e
i
290 !
•LACK AND OTHER
PERSONS AT WORK1
Total MnlMiAirtlentl population1
Armadr-oroB1
CMtamnlhtfrMMpopulaian
1
CWHkn labor tore.
FartlripMloAtiM
^C-^i-*^^-. 1
Unarnptovad.
Uwmpto»™iir»»
21,479
494
20,985
12,695
61.4
21,529
496
21,033
12.741
60.6
87,369
71,433
4,860
2,086
2,77*
10,876
tWiigiieuliural indultrw
*ull tim« M:ll«luH«t
UMMIIT worn M l tim. .
Utuallr wwk Ptn t«na
1
68,951
73,261
4,668
1,651
3,017
11,022
8<J,232
72,7&t
4,0*1
1,517
2,527
12.397
d9.87a
73.37S
u,1uj
1,630
£,<iM
12.352
69.1..J5
7.1,115
J,79b
1,367
i,4J1
12.71J
Exdudai pinom "wtfr a rob but not at work" during Via turvav pariod for njcti nnoni a
vtcition. (Hrm, or imjuitml d<ipuwt.
MnafWirtMi
CMltntahorfort*
e-wto¥«i
Env4«v<mm-pof>ulnl«ft ratio*
Unamptoyad. - •
M»—a.»tmt i—' i w
CMllafl Mat fbrea
E
^ll*t«pui«te..*io1
U»fn«lWad.
IMaw^toymamn*
Table A-4, Range ol unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force,
season a tly adjusted
(PerorHl
Quarterly avaraoai
M*a*uf«
U-1
CMNantowtow
t^jJWJ-^-—^—;
UMiwtayrt
,
y**n*r,*m*H*.
UM>
Woman
1
TIM popuMton and Amwd Foren « # • * « na* adfcitM lor MM«rf w W w t i ttiftar*.
ManfeatmimtoantDpaar In <* un««uMd *d ( M M * * «*>** H i m .
* CMUn wiplaytiwiit * • parwam •! « • M l wwitialxdiii pupidiHm Owdndam AiMd
F«rt
UJ
U 3
U-4
U«
U«
Parviiwunamplo'rad « w n M or longat • • pareart ot * a dvtiian labor forea
JobtownH a panantcf lha civilian tabor tore*
UnamptovM parmH » v m i n d a w « t ptratnt of «<« Chilian laow lorci 7% y«.-i and m i
Unamclovad luH-rlmt jobMafcan M a parcsni of Vn full-tkn* labor forea
I
1981
1981
1.6
2.0
2.2
2.1
2.1
2.0
2.0
2.2
3.9
4.1
*.O
3.7
3.8
3.6
3.8
4.0
5.2
5.5
S.4
5.2
5.2
5.0
5.3
5.2
7.0
7.3
7.3
7.1
7.1
6.9
7.3
7.0
9.2
9.6
9.6
9.H
9.3
9.1
9.6
9.1
10.1
10.5
10.5
10.5
10.2
It.*.
F.A.
B.t.
T.*»l ummptoyad « a pnexrt of tha et*H«n labor forca l o f i n H maatuial
Total M l n m t jobiaekan plut Vi parttrm* i o b M r t m plot V, total on part t i n *fortconome
raatom at a percent ol th> m-litn latwr l o r n ItiiXoUtt
U7
19eo
wrt l,m, labor tone
Total M-Uma lobaaakar* b u t H part-tkm iobM*4wn pltia % wtal an paniima for
acononk n a n n P<u« gitmrifd
woman M a parcant of tha civjlian labor forca plut
tliBouragMtwortianlMS ottfnpart-tHn»labor fore*
N.A. - not •vailtbl*.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Major unemployment Indicators, seasonally adjusted
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Reason for unemployment
(Nurnb*» In mouaandt)
"ZT
iMMBrty «dK»»*
•.MM*
Jun*
1980
JUD«
1981
Jus*
I960
r«b.
1981
Bar.
1981
Apr.
1981
Nay
1981
JUD*
1981
3.905
1,613
2,332
864
2,172
1,309
3,730
1,139
2,595
2,311
1,390
«,068
1,954
2,510
887
1,830
872
3,896
1,267
2,629
880
1,970
928
3,6*6
1,299
2,547
863
2,000
966
3,819
1,280
2,539
850
2,017
987
0,08*
1,368
2,715
1,009
2,126
938
0,219
1,367
2,852
863
1,955
956
100.0
07.5
19.4
28. 1
10.0
26.2
15.8
100.0
05.1
(3.8
31.3
10,2
27.9
16.8
100.0
55.4
24.2
31.2
11.0
22.8
10.8
100.0
50.7
16.5
34.2
11.5
25.7
12.1
100.0
09.7
16.8
32.9
11.2
26.4
12.7
100.0
09.7
16.7
33.1
11.1
26.3
12.9
100.0
50.1
16.8
33.3
12.0
26.1
11.5
100.0
52.8
17.1
35.7
10. B
20.5
12.0
3.5
.8
2.1
1.3
4.3
.8
1.8
3.7
.8
1.9
.9
3.6
.8
1.9
.9
3.6
.8
1.9
.9
3.8
.9
2.0
.9
CHARACTI «liTIC
hUMHR 0* UNEMPlOYf 0
7,811
3,558
2,569
1,684
7.780
3,425
2,731
1,628
7.5
6.1
6.4
18.3
6.3
6.8
19.5
On Ityotl '
OUvtrioelooin)
.!.!'..'
it. 1
1.6
6.0
8.5
1,855
1,072
032
7.3
5.6
6.6
7.3
5.9
6.6
6.0
6.5
19.3
6.0
9.4
euo
•MCINT DIITftllUTION
6.9
9.0
e. 2
3.9
2.7
2.6
3.8
5.<»
9.8
7.1
11.3
3.7
2.5
2.5
Umitt-cellw wofkvi
Btu*«Oll*r worfctrt
Cr*«ttndkln<k«l<
Op*f*tiv*t taecpt trmttwn
Transport •guipmont oparitfmt
Nonlvm
1,305
313
777
1,282
5.3
10.1
7.2
11.9
6.3
10.9
8.7
4.7
1J.4
10.0
15.7
3.7
.8
1..0
1.2
14.0
7.4
7.3
7.6
5.7
7.3
5.9
6.<»
7.3
5.6
4.6
11.9
5.5
7.6
6.0
4.3
12. 1
7.7
5.6
3.5
UNlMf IOYID At A PHCENT 0* THt
CIVILIAN LAMA FOflCf
.8
4.0
1.8
.9
Table A-8. Unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Numborot
(In thotaondil
tHMrf*at
ry unwnotoyad m*ft anil HI my »
' A w u taw toil by *m unomplov** «nd ponon* on pwi tlm
trf pountitlly tvKlablt Itbor lo«» houri
dtt (ft tirptriomwd unwnptoyod pi
I960
Total. ItyMnendow
16 to 24 yaan
16 to 19 yaan
t«to !?•*•«
Table A-6. Duration of unemployment
——
•*-*«
26to64vwn.
Jun«
1980
Juo*
1981
June
1980
Feb.
1981
Mar.
1981
Apr,
1981
1981
1981
4,249
2,387
1,655
926
729
4, 121
2,011
2,108
1,077
1,070
3,281
2,612
1,777
1,020
753
3,203
2,320
2,250
992
1,257
3,2 09
2,316
2,192
1,013
1,179
3,070
2,062
2,105
1,001
1,100
3,369
2,581
2,168
1,022
1,106
3,172
2,360
2,315
1,205
1,110
10. U
4.9
12.7
5.1
11.7
6.0
10.0
6.9
10.0
7.0
13.7
7.7
13.2
7.1
10.2
6.7
100.0
01.2
29.9
28.9
12.8
16.2
100.0
01.0
30.0
28.3
13.1
15.2
100.0
00.2
32.2
27.6
13.1
1U.5
100.0
01.5
31.8
26.7
12.6
14.1
100.0
00.0
30.1
29.5
15.0
14.1
DURATION
UMtfuntwMki
Stol4«M*kl
ISwMfcttndovw
AMTIO* (meant duffdon, In wwkl
M«tltn duration. In wwkt
2»to 64 vMfi
IStolBvMrv
I tto17 yam.
Mto34yearl.
•f MCf WT DlfTftltUTHM
To**) tio»ftiploY«o*
I m ^ l M k i
1»ti>K*wkt...
27 wk$ Oftd DW
100.0
51.3
28.8
20.0
11.2
8.6
1
100.0
09.8
20.3
25.9
13.0
U.9
100.0
01.7
35.7
1
22.6
1
13.0
9.6
',,..',
.',..'..,.',
19B1
Jan*.
1980
Feb.
1981
Bar.
1981
Apr.
1981
nay
198)
Juno
1981
7,811
3,500
1,684
760
957
1 ,856
4,298
3,763
493
7,784
3,090
1,628
766
694
1,866
4,313
3,766
505
7.5
10.4
18.3
20.0
17.6
12.1
5.4
5.8
3.3
7.3
14.6
19.3
21.4
17.9
11.6
5. 1
5.5
3.6
7.3
14.4
19.1
21.3
17.7
11.7
5.2
5.5
3.7
7.3
10.7
19.1
22.0
17.2
12.1
S.O
5.4
3.3
7.6
15.3
19.5
21.6
18.2
12.9
5.3
5.6
3.3
7.3
10.6
19.0
22.6
17.3
12.1
5.J
5.6
3.0
0,096
2,046
938
402
538
1 , 108
2,066
2,108
325
0,309
1,900
884
438
486
1,056
2 , 3 83
2,039
313,
7.5
15.5
19.1
21.5
18.8
13.4
5.2
5.6
3.6
7.1
15.0
20.1
22. 1
18.7
12.7
0.8
5-2
3.4
7.0
15.0
19.5
21. 1
18.6
13.0
0.7
5.1
3.2
6.9
15.0
19.3
22.7
17.0
13.2
0.6
4.9
3.1
7.0
16.4
20.2
22.7
18.3
14.2
4.8
5.1
3.4
7.1
15.3
19.8
20.0
18.1
12.8
5.0
5.3
3.5
3,315
1,094
706
318
419
748
1,832
1.655
168
3,475
1,550
740
326
008
810
1,930
1,730
191
7.4
13. 1
17.3
18,3
16.3
10.6
5-5
6.0
• 2.9
7.6
13.6
16.4
20.5
17.0
10.8
5.6
5.9
3.9
7.7
13.3
18.7
21.6
16.5
10.1
5.9
6.2
0.5
7.7
13.9
18.9
21.1
17.0
10.9
5.6
6.0
3.7
7.9
14.1
18.7
20.4
TB.2
11.0
5.9
6.4
3.3
7.6
13.7
18.2
20.6
16.0
11.2
.5.6
6.0
3.3
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Employment status of the black and HItpanlc-origin popufatton
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Persons not In labor force by reason, sex, and race, quarterly averages
(Numb*** in thouMml*)
(In thousand »>
17,403
10,772
6t.9
9,078
1,694
15.7
6.6J0
Not in labor lore*
17,795
10,971
61.7
9, 1J2
1,839
16.8
6,8^3
17,HO 3
10,550
60.6
9.022
1,528
1<l.5
6,853
17,667
10,646
60.3
8,915
5,800
65.1
5,195
8.653
5,443
6,835
5,627
66.0
17,694
10,763
60.6
17,723
10,888
61.4
9,310
1,578
14.5
6,83 5
59,597
9,278
1,606
14.8
6,671
9,084
1,667
15.5
7,044
8,892
5,747
64.6
5,163
584
10.2
8,915
Kaaping hoi
Rttlr*d
HltYANIC ORIGIN1
t articipstion r i t i
f motovad
Unamployad . .
8,653
5,566
64.6
5.009
605
.
10. (i
3,115
62.9
4,890
553
8,720
5,547
63.6
4,956
10.2
3,210
5,658
63.5
5,078
29,066
10,553
3,856
5,760
1,928
727
RtMon not looking
53,693
5,547
4,225
28,395
11,597
3,*29
53,851
0,185
4,446
28,646
10,917
3,950
5,904
53,998
6,068
4,071
28,296
5,586
1,466
710
1,179
1,055
697
358
1,176
Total not In W
17,768
17,607
Do not » w
15,741
15,942
16,081
15,925
2,027
398
328
1,825
765
336
3 67
1,827
720
307
370
430
1,921
795
379
372
Think cannot aa< a l o b . .
CMManiab w t ™
Total not In labor force
CMUta
28,642
10,938
4,224
17,947
41,828
41,769
41,686
I *2,111
37,952
38,188
38,288
38,441
Unamaaoyad
DO not, want a job now
tvtfonal
T«M
VMMaitfM
E-oloyad
Juo#
1960
Juit
1961
1980
1981
1980
1981
8,258
7,267
1,722
3,582
1,963
991
e , 5tii
7,320
1,497
3,340
2,483
1,221
7,665
7,011
1,624
3,476
1,911
854
8,103
7,052
1,408
3.236
2,408
1,051
7,378
6,552
1,444
J . 290
1,818
826
7,680
6,660
1,269
3,067
2.324
1,020
—
1980
3,678
716
390
1,195
of
Raaaon nottoe*ina,
June
1981
1980
Jun«
1981
6.2
6.5
11.1
5.4
4.9
.3.3
5.2
5.6
9.9
5.2
3.5
2.9
JUL*
School
3,759
746
403
1,179
685
746
VITtlUNt
Totaltovvtft and « w .
MtoMvwn
40 yaan and ovaf
467
459
180
186
93
28
423
392
139
169
84
31
Do not want • lob now
Want a job now
Raaaon not looking
•••
School
NONVfTEftANI
Tout » M » r * * «
nto»VHn
30 M Wvnrt
15,438
7,071
4,561
3,606
16,312
7,383
5,241
3,688
14,645
6,696
4.353
3,596
15,455
6,997
4,980
3,478
13,743
6,164
4,117
3,462
14,544
6,513
4,702
3,329
902
532
236
-134
911
484
278
149
' 6.2
7.9
5.4
3.7
51,313
51,379
51,594
51,670
46,957
47, 104
47.545
47,744
4,357
1,475
523
897
4,275
l,n17
492
917
513
907
686
960
5.9
6.9
5.6
4.3
Total not In labor to
Raaaon not looking
School at
6,218
7,918
6,587
6,581
6,449
1,629
570
250
270
339
1,315
357
205
239
292
1,526
461
228
285
293
2 58
8,036
6,642
at tattootoduda"could not find (ob" and TMnka na
H I not laaUnaj »•» w o * ba
1,095
574
967
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12.
Employment status of the noninstttutional population for the ten largest States
l Numbert in thousands)
Seasonally ad|uttad
Not KaMMMtly adjustad
Stttt and employment ttatut
June
1980
May
1981
June
1981
June
1980
Feb.
1981
Mar.
1981
Apr.
1981
May
1981
June
1981
17,091
11,164
10,360
804
7.2
17,389
11,315
10,620
696
6.1
17,417
11,321
10,559
762
6.7
17,091
11,165
10,366
799
7,2
17,314
11,352
10,493
859
7.6
17,335
H.,345
10,523
822
7.2
17,360
11,462
10,647
815
7.1
17,389
11,405
10,665
740
6.5
17,417
11,324
10,567
757
6.7
Civilian nomnstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
6,955
3,997
3,734
263
6.6
7,141
4,133
3,857
276
6.7
7,159
4,145
3,882
263
6.3
6,955
3,925
3,679
246
6.3
7,093
4,035
3,766
269
6.7
7,108
4,002
3,721
281
7.0
7,124
4,005
3,757
248
6.2
7,141
4,150
3,845
305
7.3
7,159
4,070
3,824
246
6.0
Ovihan noninttitfetional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
8,314
5,478
4,970
508
9.3
8,368
5,473
5,028
446
8.1
8,374
5,588
5 , 116
472
8.4
8,314
5,391
4,932
459
8.5
8,357
5,453
5,002
451
8.3
8,359
5,504
5,010
494
9.0
8,363
5,539
5,069
470
8.5
8,368
5,542
5,060
482
8.7
8,374
5,505
5,080
425
7.7
4,411
2,893
2,702
191
6.6
4,448
2, 901
2,736
165
5.7
4,452
2,983
2,792
191
6.4
4,411
2,836
2,656
180
6.3
4,439
2,968
2,797
171
5.8
4,442
2,954
2,777
177
6.0
4,444
2,904
2,741
163
5.6
4,448
2,917
2,743
174
6.0
4,452
2,928
2,749
179
6.1
6,794
4,390
3,762
628
14.3
6,864
4,391
3,887
504
11.5
6,870
4,470
3,975
495
11.1
6,794
4,335
3,732
603
13.9
6,848
4,259
3,685
574
13.5
6,852
4,281
3,742
539
12.6
6,858
4,371
3,851
520
11.9
6,864
4,416
3,917
499
11.3
6,870
4,415
3,946
469
10.6
5,559
3,641
3,352
290
8.0
5,606
3,614
3,327
287
7.9
5,611
3,612
3,343
269
7.4
5,559
3,604
3,330
274
7.6
5,595
3,531
3,288
243
6.9
5,597
3,636
3,324
312
8.6
5,601
3,639
3,351
288
7.9
5,606
3,674
3,388
286
7.8
5,611
3,573
3,322
251
7.0
13,310
8,008
7,433
575
7.2
13,333
7,931
7,354
576
7.3
13,336
8,063
7,453
611
7.6
13,310
7,959
7,357
602
7.6
13,332
8,110
7,492
618
7.6
13,329
8,040
7,382
658
8.2
13,330
8,050
7,375
675
8.4
13,333
8,003
7,399
604
7.5
13,336
8,015
7,377
638
8.0
Civilian noninstttutional population1
Civilian tabor force . .
.. ?
Employed
Unemployed .
Unemployment rate
7,976
5,161
4,658
503
9.7
8,031
5,187
4,773
414
8.0
8,037
5,166
4,730
435
8.4
7,976
5,120
4,645
475
9.3
8,019
5,031
4,558
473
9.4
8,022
5,134
4,677
457
8.9
8,025
5,175
4,776
399
7.7
8,031
5,229
4,798
431
8.2
8,037
5,125
4,719
406
7.9
Civilian nomnstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
8,948
5,382
4,953
429
8.0
8,994
5,398
4,979
419
7.8
8,999
5,447
4,943
505
9.3
8,948
5,329
4,920
409
7.7
8,985
5,370
4,942
428
8.0
8,987
5,427
5,036
391
7.2
8,990
5,409
5,013
396
7.3
8,994
5,475
5,001
474
8.7
8,999
5,399
4,913
486
9.0
9,728
6,428
6,038
390
6.1
9,924
6,673
6,328
345
5.2
9,942
6,754
6,266
488
7.2
9,728
6,345
5,999
346
5.5
9,874
6,612
6,320
292
4.4
9,889
6,648
6,326
322
4.8
9,905
6,699
6,389
310
4.6
9,924
6,764
6,403
361
5.3
9,942
6,675
6,232
443
6.6
California
Civilian noninstitutionat population'
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida
Massachusetts
Civilian nomnstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
...
Unemployed
. . ..
Unemployment rale
Michigan
Dvtlian nommt'tuttonal population'
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
......
New Jar say
Civilian nomnstitutional population*
Civilian labor force
Employed .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
NawYork
Civilian nomnstitutional population'
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unt-m|)ioyed
Unemployment rate
Ohio
Tax**
Civilian nomnstitutional population'
Civilian labor (oice
. .
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment ratr
1
Tba population figures art not adjustad for staaonal »ariation»; therefore, kkntkal numbars
appaar in tha unadjustad and th* aeasonaJly adjusted column*.
' Thaae are tha official Bureau of Labor Statistic*' astimatas usad in the administration of
Fadaral fund allocation programs.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
1 In thousands]
Seasonally adtuited
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Total
Goods-producing
Mining
June
1980
Feb.
1981
Mar.
1981
Apr.
1981
92,378
90,087
91,258
91,347
91,458
26,091
25,402
25,657 -25,705
25,700
May
198 1P
June
1981 F
June
1980
Apr.
1981
May
1981
90,955
91,337
91,816
25,735
25,440
25,642
1,044
941
955
1,128
1,024
1,091
1,098
950
955)
1,106
4,345
4,389
4,416
4,418
4,322*
4,263
1981
91,516
25,774
25,690
4,545
4,246
4,344
4,455
Manufacturing
Production workers
20,146
14,047
20,253
14,127
20,343
14,201
20,508
14,343
20,033 I 20,177
13,957 j 14,053
20,191
•14,074
20,332
14,187
20,413; 20,405
14.255J 14,262
Durable goods
Production workers
12,036
8,284
12,197
8,412
12,236
8,442
12,312
8,509
11.973 [ 12,074
8,232
8,297
12,099
8,325
12,207
8,412
12,252
8,449
670.8
455.9
663.9
1, 123.6
1,580.0
2,497.4
2,079.7
1,835.1
711.5
417.7
686.9
478.0
652.6
1,149.9
1,593.7
2,506.1
2,129.7
1,874.3
714.4
411.3
703.5
478.8
659
460
650
1,113
1,575
2,488
2,074
1,836
705
413
692
691
467
466 ,
651
654 !
1,141
1,140
1,581
1,577
2.480
2,481
2,117
2,1 10
1,833j 1,849
712
711
411
409
702
478
656
1,145
1,595
2,491
2,134
1,878
714
414
710
484
658
1,140
1,603
2,511
2,143
1,874
716
413
8, 110
5,763
8,056
5,715
8,125
5,775
8,161 i 8,148
5,806 ; 5,798
1,697
72
842
1,250
691
1,280
1, 107
211
744
231
1,703
71
843
1,259
694
1,283
1,109
213
753
233
Construction
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products . . •
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products .
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufacturers
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
1,694.9
65.2
842.1
1,281.2
695.6
1,257.7
1,116.8
208.5
711.0
236.8
65,220
660.
,146,
,595,
,508,
,134.
,880.
715.
710.
482.
669.
1,153.
1,607.
2,522.
2,149.
,880.
719.
8,107
5,759
8,196
5,834
8,060
5,725
8,103
5,756
8,092
5,749
,648.5
65.1
843.6
1,680.6
67.1
1,696
70
837
1,261
689
1,255
1,107
205
70?
231
1,705
72
839
1,243
691
1,272
1,109
210
731
231
.691
72
838
.243
689
,276
,108
210
734
231
65,601
65.642
849.6
1,281.0
701.5
,281.8 1,285.3
,110.6 1,119.1
214.0
212.7
758.1
749.0
240.1
236.0
,266.8
692.8
65,897
66,174
66,287
65,758
I
12,257
8,464
699
488
656
1, 142
1,604
2,513
2,145
1,884
713
413
1,681
72
845
1,261
695
1,283
1, 109
211
757
234
65,840
Transportation and public
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
5,177
5,120
5,141
5,214
5,129
5,135
5.139
5,161
5,141
5,167
20,347
20,513
20,672
20,759
20,266
20,600
20,635
20,636
20,714
20,681
5,287
15,060
5,317
15,196
5.337
15,335
5,377
15,382
5,253
15,013
5,313
5,316
15,319
5,333
5,348
15,366
5,345
15,336
15,287
5,206
5,295
5,322
5,382
5,156
Finance, insurance, and real estate
18,013]
18,512
18,629
18,752
17,816
Services
16,477
16,457
16,410
16,180
16,318
Government
Federal
State and local
15,303
5,293
5,283
2,9951
13,482
2,773
13,684
2,783
13,627
2,822
13,358
2,951
13,367
5,329
18,548
16,127
16,017
2,780
13,347
2,778
13,239
18,475
18,343
16,204
16,240
2,795
13,445
5,322
18,536
5,316
18,371
2,781
13,423
16,170
2,767
13,403
NOTE: Data in this table have been revised based on March 1980 benchmark levels and updated
seasonal adjustment factors; consequently, they are not comparable with previously published data.
For a discussion of the effect of these revisions, see "BLS Establishment Estimates Revised to March
1980 Benchmarks, which will appear in the July 1981 issue of Employment and Earnings Vol. 28
No. 7.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry
Seasonally adjusted
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
June
1980
Total private
Mining
Apr.
1981
May
1981P
June
1980
June
1981F
35.3
35.2
35.4
43.2
43.6
43.0
Feb.
1981
Mar.
1981
Apr.
1981
May
1981 P
35.2
<2)
37.6
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Construction
37.9
Manufacturing
39.3
2.5
39.7
2.6
40.1
2.9
40.1
3.0
39.
2.
39.8
2.8
39.9
2.8
40.2
2.9
40.3
3.1
39.7
2.4
40.3
2.7
40.6
3.0
40.6
3.0
39.7
2.4
40.1
2.8
40.4
2.8
40.8
3.0
40.8
3.2
38.4
37.3
41.0
39. 1
40.1
40.7
39.4
40.0
40.5
38.3
39.1
38.2
40.9
41.2
40.2
40.8
39.8
41.0
39.9
38.6
39. 6
38. 5
4 1 .. 1
40. 9
40. 7
4 1 .. 2
4 0 ..1
41.6
40.3
38.8
39.4
39.0
40.9
41.0
40.7
41.3
40.1
41.3
40.3
39.1
37.9
37.2
40.5
39.0
40.0
40.7
39.4
40.0
40.5
38.3
39.1
38.6
40.6
40.7
40.2
40.8
39.6
40.5
40.5
38.6
39.1
38.6
40.7
41.0
40.4
40.9
40.0
40.9
40.5
38.7
39.6
38.8
41.2
41.2
40.9
41.3
40.2
42.0
40.1
38.9
39.8
39.0
41.0
41.0
40.9
41.4
40.4
41.8
40.4
39.1
38.8
2.5
38.9
2.6
39.4
2.9
39.4
2.9
38.7
2.6
39.2
2.9
39.2
2.8
39.3
2.9
39.6
3.1
39.6
38.4
39.6
35.6
41.7
36.7
41.2
42.3
39.3
37.4
39
37
39
35
42
37
39.7
36.8
40.4
36.3
42.6
37.1
41.7
43.1
41.0
37.5
39.6
39.9
2
39.7
36.3
39.7
38.6
40.4
36.1
42.6
37.2
41,5
43.6
40.8
37.3
40.0
35.6
42.4
37.3
41.6
43.8
40.3
37.0
39.9
35.7
42.4
37.1
41.5
43.5
40.5
37.1
39.8
35.5
42.6
37.3
41.5
44.1
40.7
36.6
40.6
36.1
42.9
37.5
41.6
43.8
41.2
37.0
39.5
39.3
39.3
39.5
(2)
(2) •
<2>
(2)
(2)
Overtime hours
Durable goods
Overtime hours
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
...
Primary metal industries
Fabricated m e t i l products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment ,
Transportation *cuipment
,
Instruments and related products
.
Miscellaneous manufacturing . . . . .
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufacturers
Textile mttl products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and rmsc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Transportation and public
41.6
43.9
40.4
1
utilities
(2)
39.4
35.3
41.7
36.9
41.3
42.2
39.4
36.7
()
(2)
!
40.1
O
39.9
2
()
32.3
32.1
32.0
32.3
32.0
32.2
32.2
32.3
32.2
38.2
30.4
38.5
30.0
38.5
30.0
38.5
30.4
38.1
30.1
38.6
30.2
38.6
30.2
38.6
30.3
38.5
30.2
Finance, insurance, and
real estate
36.4
36.3
36.2
36.1
(2)
<2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Services
32.8
32.6
32.5
32.7
32.6
32.8
32.8
32.8
32.7
Wholesale wd retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
1
Data relate t o production workers in mining and manufacturing; t o construction workers
*
:
This series b not seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative t o the
in construction; and t o nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities: wholesale
trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient
and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. These groups account for approx-
precision,
imately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonagrkultural payrolls.
p-pn»!»minary.
See note on table B - 1 .
ESTABLISHMENT
ESTABLISHMENT
DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagriculturat payrolls by industry
Average weekly earning*
Average hourly earning*
Apr.
1981
May
1981
June
1980
Apr.
1981
May ,
1981
June(
1981
$6.61
6.64
$7.13
7.14
$7.17
7.18
$7.20
7.23
$233.33
233.73
$250.98
252.76
$252.38
254.17
Mining
9.15
9.70
9.71
10.00
395.28
422.92
424.33
Construction.
9.79
10.52
10.56
371.04
384.87
387.14
317.59
Total private
Seasonally
adjusted.
10.43
7.96
282.96
312.84
8.40
8.45
8.50
304.90
338.52
343.07
6.92
5.84
8.18
6.79
5.44
6.83
5.78
8. 11
10.76
8.05
8.67
7.51
10. 14
7.25
5.91
6.97
5.87
8.25
10.81
8.23
8.81
7.56
10.33
7.36
5.92
250.37
205.15
308.73
377.32
297.94
322.75
270.28
368.80
275.00
208.35
267.05
220.80
331.70
443.31
323.61
353.74
298.90
415.74
289.28
228.13
274.03
224.84
336.20
437.22
332.52
360.50
302.76
426.40
294.59
230.08
6.50
7.08
7. 14
252.20
275.41
280.13
6.84
8.01
4.94
4.51
7.78
7.46
8.25
10.21
6.47
4.55
7.37
8.90
5.36
4.96
8.37
8.04
8.94
11.40
7.15
4.93
7.44
9.05
5.40
4.98
8.43
8 . 10
8.95
1 1 . 30
7.23
4.95
7.40
9.50
5.42
4.99
8.54
8. 1 1
9.05
11.48
7.28
4.95
270.86
307.58
195.62
160.56
324.43
273.78
339.90
431.88
254.27
170.17
289.64
331.08
211.18
174.59
354.05
297.48
371.90
500.46
288.86
178.96
295.37
349.33
218.16
179.78
359.12 J
3 0 1 .. 32
371 . 4 3
492.681
294.98
184.64
8.74
9.54
9.56
9.57
345.23
374.92
375.71
5.89
5.89
175.71
7.51
5.23
265.1 1
147.14
287.60
156.60
288.75
156.90
Manufacturing.
Durable goods.
Lumlw'i .mil w o o d products
Furniture and fixtures . .
....
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
.
Miscellaneous manufacturing .
Nondurable goods.
Food and k i n d r e d products
. .
Tobacco manufacturers .
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile p r o d u c t s .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rul>l*v and misc plasties products ,
Leather and leather products.
Transportation and public utilities . .
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade.
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate .
Services
See f o o t n o t e 1 , table 8-2.
See note on table B-1.
10.69
8.17
8.75
7.55
10.25
7.31
5.93
6.94
4.84
7.47
5.22
7.50
5.23
5.77
6.20
6.23
6.20
210.03
225.06
225.53
5.81
6.30
6.33
6.33
190.57
205.38
205.73
DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DAfA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Hourly earnings index for production or nonsupervisory workers' on private
nonagncultural payrolls by industry division, seasonally adjusted
(T977-1QQ)
Percent change from—
JUNE
1980
JAN.
1981
FEB.
1981
MAR.
1981
APR.
1981
MAY P
1961
JUNE
1981
127.0
93.4
134.4
93.2
135.3
92.9
135.8
92.8
136.7
93.1
137.6
93.0
138.2
N.A.
8.9
(2)
.0.4
(3)
134.0
121.0
129.1
126.7
127.4
127.0
125.6
142.1
127.6
136.9
133.7
134.7
133.2
132.0
143.2
128.0
137.6
135.4
135.6
135.0
133.2
144.0
128.6
138.5
136.1
136.2
136.-0
134.0
145.7
129.0
139.9
137.3
136.4
135.4
134.8
145.8
129.3
140.7
138,4
137.5
136.7
135.9
147.3
130.1
141.4
138.9
137.8
136.3
136.9
9.9
7,4
9.5
9.6
8.2
7.4
9.0
1.0
.6
.5
.3
.2
-.3
.8
P
JUNE
JUNE
19801981
MAY
JUNE
19811981
Total private nonfarm:
Conitant (1977) dollars
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities
Finance, insurance, and real estate
1 SEE FOOTNOTE 1, TABLE B-2.
2 PERCENT CHANGE WAS -.4 FROM MAY 1980 TO MAY 1981, THE LATEST MONTH AVAILABLE.
3 PERCENT CHANGE WAS .0 FROM APRIL 1981 TO MAY 1981, THE LATEST MONTH AVAILABLE.
N.A. « not available,
p - preliminary.
NOTE Alt ser.es ere <n current dollen except where ind.ceted. The index excludes effects of two types of changes thit are unrelated to underlying wage-rate developments: Fluctuations in overtime
f
^'ZTT
A n . m a / 1 U J 1 ' C l U M n g , , t h ^ n , V ^Z
° l " * ' * 0 V e r , , m e , £ V ar « • ¥ * , , , W e » » n d t h e e f f « t , of changes in the proportion of workers ,n high-wage and low-woe industries.
NOTE: Data in this table have been revised and converted to a 1977 base. See note on table B-1.
Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers,' on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry, seasonally adjusted
(1977-100)
1980
1981
Industry division and group
Construction
9
Stone, clay, and glass products . . .
Etecinc and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Miscellaneous manufacturing industry
Apparel and other textile products
Leather and leather products
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
106.1
105.9
106.6
107.1
107.4
107.7
107.9
108.2
107.9
108.4
108.9
108.9
108.8
100.5
98.7
100.2
101,3
101.7
102.0
102.3
102.4
100.9
102.4
102.8
103.0
103.3
1-22.9
117.0
120.5
123.1
124.0
126.6
130.1
130.1
128.6
128.2
112.0
112.4
130.4
117.3
114.3
114.5
117.6
117.7
114. 4
115.6
113.9
109.1
116.6
115.8
112.3
112.7
96.2
94.9
96.5
97.2
97.6
98.4
98.5
98.9
98.0
98.4
99.9
100.7
100.2
95.9
94.4
96.0
96.8
97.3
98.6
98.5
99.0
97.8
98.6
84.6
92.1
92.1
86.7
94.5
110.0
103.4
86.0
111.5
90.6
85.9
88.6
90.9
82.8
92.0
108.1
101.7
86.1
110.9
91.4
88.5
92.6
92.4
84.7
94.4
108.3
103.6
87.6
111.4
90.7
89.5
95.1
93.9
86.9
95.6
109.0
103.7
87.9
110.9
90.9
89.1
95.1
93.9
89.3
95.9
109.1
104.6
66.2
111.4
89.5
90.6
95.1
94.5
92.6
96.4
109.8
105.3
91.3
111.7
90.1
91.7
96.4
94.1
94.6
96.1
109.3
106.1
88.3
112.0
90.8
93.2
96.6
94.6
94.6
96.2
109.8
106.5
89.1
112.3
91.2
91.7
97.4
92.8
94.0
95.3
108.7
105.3
86.8
111.2
90.7
91.9
97.4
92.7
94.7
96.2
109.1
107.0
88.7
111.5
90.6
100.7
94.5
100.5
94.8
95.7
98.2
110.5
108.4
93.3
110.9
92.0
101.2
96.1
102.6
94.5
94.8
98.7
111.9
109.7
92.5
112.2
92.2
100.7
92.5
103.6
93.2
94.6
98.4
111.9
109.1
92.5
111.2
92.1
96.6
98.9
97.9
89.3
94.6
97.2
106.1
100.2
99.3
92.7
88.8
95.6
100.2
91.6
87.7
93.9
95.9
105.9
98.2
99.8
89.5
83.5
97.4
101.5
90.6
90.5
94.5
97.6
106.4
98.7
100.6
95.3
89.0
97.7
100.7
95.6
91.1
94.4
98.4
106.6
99.8
101.3
96.7
88.5
98.0
100.4
100.1
91.3
94.6
98.8
107.0
99.9
102.2
98.3
88.8
98.0
100.3
102.2
91.3
93.9
99.4
106.3
100.5
102.5
99.4
87.8
98.4
99.7
97.1
91.6
94.4
100.4
108.5
100.6
102.4
100.0
88.1
98.9
100.9
98.4
91.2
95.4
99.9
108.5
100.8
104.6
100.4
88.5
98.3
100.4
98.1
90.9
94.0
99.2
108.2
101.1
104.6
99.3
89.5
98.7
^98.1
99.0 100.5
96.5
96.5
• 90.7
90.7
•94.3
94.1
99.1
99.9
107.8 108.5
101.0 101.2
103.9 105.3
100.1 102.2
88.5
89.3
100.0
100.5
98.4
92.8
96.3
101.0
109.2
101.9
107.0
104.9
90.4
99.4
98.0
95.5
92.0
96.3
100.7
108.8
102.9
104.2
105.2
90.4
109.2
109.8
110.1
110.3
110.6
110.9
111.0
111.3
111.7
111.8
112.3
112.2
105.4
106.4
105.9
106.0
106.3
105.7
106.6
105.0
105.4
105.1
105.4
104.7
104.8
105.0
105.7
106.0
106.1
106.3
105.9
106.6
106.8
106.9
107.2
107.4
108.7
103.3
109.0
103.5
109.7
104.2
110.5
104.3
110.6
104.3
110.5
104.7
110.9
103.9
111.5
104.7
111.1
105.2
111.1
105.4
111.4
105.6
111.4
105.8
110.9
105.1
114.9
114.7
115.3
114.9
115.9
116.2
116.5
117.3
117.4
117.5
117.8
117.6
117.4
114.4
115.3
115.5
115.8
116.0
116.9
117.3
117.7
118.2
118.4
119.3
U9.2
118*6
M.yB
June
111.8
Transportation and public
105.8
Wholesale and retail
Finance, insurance, and
1
See footnote 1, table B-2.
p-pr»iiminary.
106.8
NOTE: Data in th t table hav• been revbted and cotwertedto 11977 b*»a. Sea not* ontabfeB-1.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment 1 increased
Year end month
Over 1-month span
Over 3-month span
Over 6-month span
Over 12-month span
1978
January
February.. .
March
66. 3
66.3
72. 1
77.
76.
80.
80.8
82.8
83.7
79.9
82.8
82.3
April
May
June
73.3
65.4
70.6
78.
78.
73.
77.
80.
78.
85.2
83.7
83.4
July
August
September
62.5
66.9
67.2
71.2
69.5
72.1
74.
77.
77.
81.7
80.8
79.4
October
November
December
66.3
72.4
70.9
76.2
76.7
77.6
79.4
73.3
74.7
75.
77.
75.
65.1
66.0
64.2
72.1
68.6
65.7
72.1
71.8
70.1
74. 7
70.6
69.5
54.1
60.5
62.5
65.7
62.8
63.7
64.8
59.6
54.4
67.2
59.6
58.1
July
August
September
57.0
53.2
49. 1
55.5
50.0
53.5
56.7
51.5
52.0
55.
55.
50.
Oc tober
November
December.
61.6
49.4
49.7
52.0
53.5
49.4
50.6
51.2
47.7
46.
38.
35.
January
February
March
52.6
53.2
49.4
50.6
46.8
38.7
40.4
33.4
30.8
32.0
32.6
31.7
April
May
June
34.6
32.8
31.4
30.8
27.0
25.9
24.7
26.2
28.2
32.3
31.4
31.4
July
Augus t
September
36.9
64.8
64.0
35.5
54.9
71.2
35.2
45.1
61.0
31.4
32.6
34.9
October
November.........
December.
61.3
63.4
56.7
69.8
64.8
64.0
73.5
72.7
65.4
43.6
55.8 P
67.7p
January
Fe bruary
March.
59.6
55.8
52.3
61.0
61.3
64.2
68.6
68.9p
63. 4p
April
May
June
69.8
60.2p
52.6p
69.2p
66.3p
1979
January
February
March
,
April
May
June
,
1980
1981
July
August
September
October
November.........
December
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted, on payrolls of 172 private nonagricultural industries,
p = preliminary.
See note on table B - 1 .
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20210
OFFICIAL BUSINESS
PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300
Firs! Class Mall
Postage and Fees Paid
U.S. Department of Labor
Permit No. G-59
@FedFRASER