Full text of The Employment Situation : June 1980

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United States
Department
warn
of Labor
<*w»cil o® ictwuic
Washington, D.C. 2®212

Bureau of Labor Statistics
Contact:

(202)

Carol Leon
Beth Gelin
Kathryn Hoyle

523-1944
523-1371
523-1913
523-1208

(202)

SBR*

USDL
80-426
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS
EMBARGOED UNTIL 9:00 A.M. (EBT), THURSDAY,
JULY 3, 1980

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:

JUNE

1980

Employment continued to decline, but unemployment was virtually unchanged in June, the Bureau
of Labor Statistics of the U.S.

Department of Labor reported today.

Following

extraordinarily

large increases in both April and May, the unemployment rate held about steady at 7.7 percent

in

June.
Total e m p l o y m e n t — a s measured by the monthly survey of h o u s e h o l d s — d r o p p e d
the

month.

by

450,000

over

At 96.5 million in June, employment has declined 1.4 million since February and was

at about the level which prevailed a year ago.
Nonfarm payroll e m p l o y m e n t — a s measured by the monthly
more

than

of

establishments—fell

half a million in June to 90.1 million and was also at about its year-earlier

Average weekly hours fell for the fifth month in a row.
this

survey

release

reflect

factors and procedures.

revisions

based

on

March

(The

establishment

data

by

level.

included

in

1979 benchmarks and new seasonal adjustment

See the explanation on page 6.)

Unemployment
Both the number of unemployed in June, 8.0 million, and the unemployment rate, 7.7
remained

near

their

May

levels.

Despite the stability in overall joblessness, the number of

persons on layoff as well as those whose jobs have been terminated continued
This

was

adult men (6.7 percent), adult women

change

over

the

(6.5 percent), teenagers

*******************************************************
*

*
*
*
*
*
*

rise

in

June.

Lato the labor

(See tables A-1 and A-7.)

Jobless rates for most worker groups showed little
for

to

countered by a decline in the number of unemployed who were reentrants

force and those leaving their jobs voluntarily.

rates

percent,

nonth.

Accordingly,

(18.5 percent), whites

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * k ,'< A
*

The household data
section of
this release
1; s been
reformatted
to enhance
data
presentation.
In addition, several data series have been added. These Include data on men
and women 16 years and over in table A-1 and more detail for racial groups by sex and age
In
a new table A-2. Table A-9, another new table, introduces seasonally adjusted data on the
employment status of Hispanics and blacks (only). Table
A-ll
provides
expanded
qiirtecly
data on persons not in the labor force.

*
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k




*
*
*
*
*
*
*

- 2 (6.8 percent), black and other workers (13.6 percent), and
close to those which prevailed in May.

Hispanics

(10.2

percent)

remained

(See tables A-2, A-5, and A-9.)

The median duration of unemployment rose from 5.7 to 6.4 weeks, as large numbers of
who

became

unemployed

in recent months moved into the higher duration categories.

workers

(See table

A-6.)
The number of nonfarm workers on
referred

to

part-time

work

schedules

for

economic

reasons

(often

as the "partially unemployed") declined by 350,000 in June after rising sharply in

recent months.

Their count of 4 million

remained

substantially

above

pre-recession

levels.

(See table A-3.)

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
Monthly data

Quarterly averages

I
.May June
change

Category

II

I

1980

1980

1979 |
I

I
|

II

| Apr.

I
|

May

I
I June

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Civilian labor force
Total employment
Unemployment
Not in labor force.............
Discouraged workers

_
Thousands of persons
102, 3571104,'l94 |T047701"1104,~4191105,"l42 j 104,5421
96,467| 97,804| 96,893| 97,1541 96,988| 96,537|
5,8901
6,390 | 7,808|
7,265| 8,154| 8,006|
58,824| 59,022| 59, 103| 59, 1821 58,6571 59,4711
807|
993|
917 j
N.A.|
N.A.|
N.A.|
JL

L

L

-600
-451
-148
814
N.A.

L

Percent of labor force
Unemployment rates:
All workers
Adult men
Adult women
Teenagers
White
Black and other
Hispanic origin
Full-time workers

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
6.1|
5.81
4. 71
4.0|
5.7|
5.7|
16.2|
16.1|
5.41
5.0|
11.7|
11.5|
9.0|
8.11
5.7|
5. 21
-LL

1
7.5|
6.4|
6. 51
18.0|
6.6|
13.4|
10.2|
7.2|
1

1
7.0|
5.9|
6. 3|
16.2|
6. 2 j
12.6|
9. 91
6. 6 |

1
7.81
6.61
6. 6|
19.2|
6.91
13.9|
10.5|
7.5|
1

1

1
7.7|
6.7|
6. 5|
18.5|
6.8|
13.6|
10.2|
7.4|

-0.1
0.1
-0.1
-0.7
-0.1
-0.3
-0.3
-0.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Nonfarm payroll employment
Goods-producing industries..
Service-producing industries

Thousands of jobs
89,668| 91,120|90,547p| 90,951190,602p|90,088p|
26,517| 26,605|25,745p| 26,121j25,746p|25,367p|
63,150| 64,516|64,802p| 64,830|64,856pj64,721p|
i

I

L

J

L

-514p
-379p
-135p

-L

Hours of work
Average weekly hours:
Total private nonfarm
Manufacturing••••••••
Manufacturing overtime......

35.5|
39.9|
3.21

L
p=preliminary




35.5|
40.11
3.1|
I

I
35. lp |
39.4p|
2.6p|
I

I
35.3|
39.8|
3.0|

I
35. Op |
39.3p | 39. lp |
2. 4p |
2.5p|
L
L
L
N.A.=not available

35. lp |

-O.lp
-0.2p
-O.lp

Total Employment and

the _La_bor Force

Employment fell by 450,000 in June, the fourth consecutive monthly decline.
when the employment level peaked, the number of persons with jobs has

fallen

Since February,
by

1.4

million.

These declines have been concentrated among adult m e n .
The downturn in employment since February about matched the job gains of
so

that

the overall level of employment

in J u n e — 9 6 . 5 m i l l i o n — w a s about

1979.

There were, however, contrasting over-the-year movements,

among

adult women rose by about

as

the

mid-to-late

the same as in June
level

employment
teenagers

(See table A-1.)

Occupational employment trends which had been evident during the past few
in June.

of

1 million, while the number of employed adult men and

dropped by 700,000 and 470,000, respectively.

1979,

months

continued

Blue-collar employment continued to d e c l i n e — b y 4 4 0 , 0 0 0 — w h i l e white-collar

employment

grew by 260,000 over the month.

(See table A-3.)

The employment-population ratio dropped 0.4 point to 58.1 percent in June, a full percentage
point below the figure of a year ago and the lowest in more than 2 years.
The civilian labor force fell by 600,000 in June, nearly offsetting an even larger
in

May

increase

(725,000) which had resulted from an earlier than usual summertime labor force entrance

of persons under 25 years of age.
reflection

of

Thus, the small April-to-June increase is

a

more

realistic

recent labor force developments than is suggested by either the April-May or the

May-June movements.
Discouraged

Workers

Discouraged workers are those who report that they want to work but are not looking for jobs
because they believe they cannot find any.

Because they do not meet the labor market

is, they are not engaged in active job s e a r c h — t h e y are classified as not
rather than unemployed.

Data for this group are published

in

the

level

job-market
women

and

remained

higher than those posted during

factors as the reason for their discouragement.
blacks

(See table A-ll.)




much

accounted

labor

force

quarterly.

The number of discouraged workers declined by 75,000 in the second quarter to
the

test—that

1979.
As

has

920,000,

but

Two-thirds of the total cited
typically

been

the

case,

for disproportionately large percentages of the discouraged

total.

- 4 Industry Payroll Employment
Nonagricultural payroll employment decreased by 515,000 in June, the largest
decline

since

December

1974.

Progressively larger employment decreases ov^r the past

months have resulted in an overall drop of 1.1 million jobs since February*
the payroll employment total was only 175,000 above its year^ago level.
In June, substantial weakening became
increases
index.

were

more

evident

throughout

fell

by

over-the-month

more

than

decline

300,000,

was

90.1

economy.

Employment

following

2

months

in

of

manufacturing,

similiar declines.

Employment in

both

where
Within

the

primary

and fabricated metals industries declined by about 50,000 for the second month in a row,

and sizable job losses also occurred in machinery, electrical equipment, furniture,
clay,

million,

(See table B-l.)

the

concentrated

manufacturing, the durable goods industries were hardest hitmetals

At

several

registered in only one-fifth of the 172 industries comprising the BLS diffusion

Nevertheless, the

employment

over-the-month

and

glass

products.

The

number

and

stone,

of jobs in the transportation equipment industry was

unchanged, following 2 months of massive cutbacks.

Decreases also occurred

in

the

nondurable

goods industries, particularly in textiles, chemicals, and rubber and plastics.
Elsewhere in the goods-producing

sector, mining employment was unchanged, while

continued its downward trend with a loss of 65,000 jobs.

Construction

decreases

construction
have

totaled

the

1974-75

370,000 in the last 5 months.
The service-producing
recession,

falling

sector registered its first over-the-month decline since

by 135,000 jobs*

The decrease was concentrated

in trade, which

experienced

its fourth consecutive monthly decline, and in services, which had been showing gains

prior

to

June.
Hours of Work
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on
continued

to

drop in June, edging down 0.1 hour to 35.0 hours.

shortened by 0.2 hour in June
Manufacturing

and

was

down

1.2

hours

since

private

nonfarm

payrolls

The manufacturing workweek was
the

beginning

of

overtime was off 0.1 hour, following a decline of a half hoyr in May.

the

year.

(See table

B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of
nonfarm

payrolls




production

fell 1.0 percent in June to 122.2

or

nonsupervisory

(1967«100)—^reflecting

workers

on

private

the declines in both

- 5 employment and weekly h o u r s — a n d

was down 3.9 percent since January.

declined 2.4 percent over the month and 9.3 percent since January.

The

manufacturing

index

(See table B-5.)

Hourly and Weekly Earnings
Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on
payrolls

rose

0.9

percent

(seasonally adjusted).
since June

over

the

month

and

were

private

nonagricultural

8.2 percent above the June 1979 level

Average weekly earnings were up 0.6 percent from

May

and

6.3

percent

1979.

Before adjustment for seasonality, average hourly earnings rose 5 cents in Jane to $6.61 and
were 50 cents above the June 1979 level.
the month and $13.98 over the year.

Average weekly earnings were $233.33,

up

$3.73

over

(See table B-3.)

The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings I n d e x — e a r n i n g s adjusted

for overtime in manufacturing, seasonality, and

the effects of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage
250.7

(1967=100) in June, 1.0 percent higher than in May.

a year ago.

low^wage

industries—was

The Index was 9.4 percent above June

In dollars of constant purchasing power, the Index decreased 4.7 percent during

12-month period ended in May.




and

(See table B-4.)

the

- 6 Benchmark and ^Seasonal Adjustment Jte^isJlojis A 1 ! AJl6. J± s A%yAshment Survey Data
The establishment survey data published in this release have been revised
to reflect
new
benchnark
employment levels for March 1979. Table B compares employment estimates for March 1980
(the last final estimates based on the previous b e n c h m a r k — M a r c h
1978) on the old and
new
benchmark.
The overall revision totaled 356,000, with the largest changes occurring in State and
local government, construction, and trade.
In addition, new seasonal adjustment factors have been calculated
utilizing
the X-ll ARIMA
Seasonal Adjustment Method
rather than the BLS Seasonal Factor Method. All seasonally adjusted
series have been revised to take into account the experience through March 1980.
For a discussion of the effect of the benchmark revision, see "BLS Establishment
Estimates
Revised to March 1979 Benchmarks, 11 which will appear in the July issue of Employment jarul Earnings.
New seasonal adjustment factors for use in current seasonal adjustment and an explanation of the
seasonal adjustment methodology will also be included in this publicationHistorical establishment series (not seasonally adjusted) have been revised from April 1978 to
reflect the new benchmark. Seasonally adjusted
series have been revised
from January
1975.
Revised seasonally adjusted series from January 1974 through March 1980 and unadjusted series from
January
1977 through March
1980 will be published in a special supplement to Employment and
Earnings in early August.^ This supplement, when combined with the historical volume,
Employment
and Earnings, United States, 1909-78, Bulletin 1312-11, will comprise the full historical series
of national data from the establishment survey.

Data for 1974 (seasonally adjusted) have not been revised but are being
republished
for user
convenience.
Data
for State and local government and a few specific industries (not seasonally
adjusted) have been revised back to April 1977; data for all of 1977 are also being published as a
user convenience.

Table 3. Comparison of March 1980 establishment survey employment
revision to March 1979 benchmark levels, not seasonally adjusted.

estimates,

before

and

(In thousands)
1

|
|

March 1980 employment
estimates based on:

|
|

1
1

Industry

Difference

1

|
|

March 1978
benchmarks

March 1979 |
benchmarks |
^

Total nonfarm.....

|

8 9 , 9 6 0

9 0 , 3 1 6

|

3 5 6

I

7 3 , 8 1 4

7 3 , 8 7 1

|

5 7

9 9 6

|

Mining
1

Manufacturing
Transportation and public

1




|

- 1 5 5

|

'

8 4

5 , 1 5 6

5 , 1 4 3

|

- 1 3

2 0 , 2 2 6

j

1 1 4

1

1

^"Projected from March 1977 benchmarks.

4 , 1 5 0
2 0 , 7 9 3

1
1

Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real

4 , 3 0 5

1 7 , 4 6 0

5 , 0 8 5

|

9

1 7 , 4 7 8

|

18

1 6 , 4 4 5

j

2 9 9

after

Chart t Civilian labor force and employment
(Seasonally adjusted)

n labor force
employed
- Nonagi1 cultural payroll empio)'ment
**••

JUN
104542
jj^jiy
90089

\

**•»

~

*'•«. *••»,
-

'*«.,

V ,

^
l*'»., *•*.,
i

1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1960

Chart 2. Unemployment rate—all civilian workers

Chart 3. Civilian labor force participation rate
and total employment-population ratio
(Seasonally adjusted)
PERCENT
70.0

- Portic 1 potion rote
• Empioyment-populotlon ratio
. *'**». \

65.0

>—s.

60.0

i

PERCENT
70.0

i

JUN
63.7
58.1
H 65.0

60.0

•

N

55.0

55.0

50.0

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 150.0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1960
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
Notes The shaded areas depict the business cycle peaks and troughs
as designated by the National Bureau of Economic Research.




Explanatory Note
This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (household
survey) and the Current Employment Statistics Survey
(establishment survey). The household survey provides
the information on the labor force, total employment,
and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked
HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about
65,000 households that is conducted by the Bureau of
the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on
the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT D A T A . This information
is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation
with State agencies. The sample includes approximately
166,000 establishments employing about 35 million
people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually collected for and relate to a particular week. In
the household survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is
the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the
month, which is called the survey week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond
directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of
technical factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable
variance in results between a survey of a sample and a
census of the entire population. Each of these factors is
explained below.
Coverage, definitions and differences between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are
selected so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Those who hold
more than one job are classified according to the job at
which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work
at all as paid civilians; worked in their own business or
profession or on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or
more in an enterprise operated by a member of their
family, whether they were paid or not. People are also
counted as employed if they were on unpaid leave
because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor
and management, or personal reasons.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of
their eligibility for unemployment benefits or public
assistance, if they meet ail of the following criteria:
They had no employment during the survey week; they
were available for work at that time; and they made
specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
prior 4 weeks. Also included among the unemployed are
persons not looking for work because they were laid off




and waiting to be recalled and those expecting to report
to a job within 30 days.
The civilian labor force equals the sum of the number
employed and the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the percentage of unemployed people in the
civilian labor force. Table A-4 presents a special grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force.
The definitions are provided in the table. The most
restrictive definition yields U-l, and the most comprehensive yields U-7. The official unemployment rate
is U-5.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment
survey only counts wage and salary employees whose
names appear on the payroll records of nonagricultural
firms. As a result, there are many differences between
the two surveys, among which are the following: »
— T h e household survey, although based on a
smaller sample, reflects a larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture, the
self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private
household workers;
— T h e household survey includes people on unpaid
leave among the employed; the establishment survey
does not;
— T h e household survey is limited to those 16 years
of age and older; the establishment survey is not limited
by age;
— T h e household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once;
in the establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one
payroll would be counted separately for each
appearance.
Other differences between the two surveys are
described in "Comparing Employment Estimates from
Household and Payroll Surveys,'' which may be obtained from the BLS upon request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over a course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events
as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing
of schools. For example, the labor force increases by a
large number each June, when schools close and many
young people enter the job market. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large; over the course of a
year, for example, seasonality may account for as much
as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in
unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical
trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from
month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in economic activity or

increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. T o return to the school's-out example, the large number of people entering the labor
force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to
determine if the level of economic activity has risen or
declined. However, because the effect of students
finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics
for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is
made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more
useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic
activity.
Measures of civilian labor force, employment, and
unemployment contain components such as age and sex.
Statistics for all employees, production workers,
average weekly hours, and average hourly earnings include components based on the employer's industry. All
these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the components
and combining them. The second procedure usually
yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted
figure for the civilian labor force is the sum of eight
seasonally adjusted employment components and four
seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the
total for unemployment is the sum of the four
unemployment components; and the official unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of
total unemployment by the estimate of the civilian labor
force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June
period and again for the July-December period. The
January revision is applied to data that have been
published over the previous 5 years. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment
are calculated only once a year, along with the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussed at the end
of the next section.
S a m p l i n g variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to sampling error, that is, the
estimate of the number of people employed and the
other estimates drawn from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the amount
of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard
errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey,
and other factors. However, the numerical value is
always such that the chances are 68 out of 100 that an
estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than
the standard error from the results of a complete census.
The chances are 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on
the sample will differ by no more than 1.6 times the




standard error from the results of a complete census. A t
the 90-percent level of confidence-the confidence limits
used by BLS in its analyses-the error for the monthly
change in total employment is on the order of plus or
minus 293,000; for total unemployment, it is 185,000;
and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19
percentage point. These figures do not mean that the
sample results are o f f by these magnitudes but, rather,
that the chances are 90 out of 100 that the " t r u e " level
or rate would not be expected to differ from the
estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced
when the data are cumulated for several months, such
as quarterly or annually. Also, as a general rule7
the smaller the estimate, the larger the sampling
error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the estimate
of the size of the labor force is subject to less
error than is the estimate of the number unemployed.
And, among the unemployed, the sampling error for the
jobless rate of adult men, for example, is much smaller
than is the error for the jobless rate of teenagers.
Specifically, the error on monthly change in the jobless
rate for men is .23 percentage point; for teenagers, it is
1.06 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most
current months are based on incomplete returns; for this
reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the
tables. When all the returns in the sample have been
received, the estimates are revised. In other words, data
for the month of September are published in
preliminary form in October and November and in final
form in December. T o remove errors that build up over
time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes
can be measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries and allow for
the formation of new establishments.
A d d i t i o n a l statistics a n d other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's
employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide
variety of data in this news release. More comprehensive
statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings,
published each month by BLS. It is available for $2.75
per issue or $22.00 per year from the U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, T>.C. 20204. A check or
money order made out to the Superintendent of
Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of the standard errors for the household survey
data published in this release. For unemployment and
other labor force categories, the standard errors appear
in tables A through I of its "Explanatory Notes."
Measures of the reliability of the data drawn from the
establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision
due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables K
through P of that publication.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)

————-—
S •tonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment, status, sex, and age

June
1979

May
1980

June
1980

June
1979

Feb.
1980

Mar.
1980

Apr.
1980

May
1980

June
1980

TOTAL

Employment-population ratio2

163,469
2,076
161,393
104,153
64.5
97,917
59.9
3,785
94,132
6,235
6.0
57,240

165,886
2,088
163,799
104,028
63.5
96,709
58.3
3 , 436
93,273
7,318
7.0
59,771

166,105
2,092
164,013
106,067
64.7
97,776
58.9
3,737
94,039
8,291
7.8
57,946

163,469
2,076
161,393
102,476
63. 5
96,652
59-1
3,243
93,409
5,824
5.7
58,917

1 6 5 , 298
2,086
163,211
104,26C
63-9
97,953
59.3
3,326
94,626
6 , 3 07
6.0
58,951

165,506
2,090
163,416
104,094
63.7
97,656
59.0
3,358
94,298
6,438
6-2
59,322

165,693
2,092
163,601
104,419
63.8
97,154
58.6
3,242
93,912
7,265
7.0
59,182

165,886
2,088
163,799
105,142
64.2
96,988
58.5
3,379
93,609
8 , 154
7.8
58,657

166,105
2,092
164,013
104,542
63.7
96,537
58. 1
3,191
93,346
8,006
7.7
59,471

78,323
1,941
76,382
60,811
79.6
57,817
73.8
2 , 9 93
4.9

79,472
1,931
77,541
59,901
77.3
55,750
70.2
4 , 151
6.9

79,575
1,935
77,641
61,440
79.1
56,803
71.4
4,637
7.5

78,323
1,941
76,382
59,370
77.7
56,477
72-1
2,893
4-9

79,196
1,937
77,259
60,014
77.7
56,732
71-6
3,283
5-5

79,295
1 ,934
77,361
60,042
77« 6
56,601
71-4
3,441
5-7

7 9 , 3 82
1 ,935
77,447
60,037
77.5
55,998
7 0.5
4,040
6.7

79,472
1,931
77,54 1
60,479
78.C
55,823
70.2
4,656
7.7

79,575
1,935
77,641
60,127
77.4
55,457
69.7
4,669
7.8

69,889
1,661
68,227
54,860
80.4
52,852
75.6
2,509
50,343
2,008
3.7

71,083
1,655
69,428
55,156
79.4
5 1 , 834
72. 9
2,422
49,412
3,322
6.0

71,190
1,658
69,532
55,57 C
79.9
52,153
73.3
2,470
49,683
3,417
6. 1

69,889
1,661
68,227
54,370
79.7
52,201
74.7
2,305
49,896
2,169
4..0

70,792
1,652
69,140
55,03 8
79.6
52,531
74-2
2,435
50,096
2,507 .
4-6

70,896
1,657
69,238
54,996
79-4
52,300
73-8
2,394
49,906
2,696
.4-9

70,988
1,659
69,329
55,114
79.5
51,868
73.1
2,320
49,548
3,246
5.9

71,083
1,655
69,428
55,467
79.S
51,796
72.9
2,384
49,412
3,671
6.6

7 1 , 190
1,658
69,532
55,220
!!
79.4
j 51,510
72.4
2,270
49,240
3,710
6.7

85,145
135
85,011
43,342
51.0
4 0 , 1 CO
47.1
3,242
7.5

86,414
156
86,258
44,126
51.2
40,959
47.4
3,168
7.2

86,530
157
86,373
44,627
51.7
40,973
47.4
3,654
8.2

85,145
135
85,011
43,106
50-7
40,175
47- 2
2,931
6.8

8 6 , 102
150
85,952
44,246
51-5
41,221
47-9
3,025
6-8

86,211
157
86,054
4 4 , 052
51.2
41,054
47-6
2,997
6-8

86,311
157
86,154
44,381
51.5
41,156
47-7
3,225
7.3

86,414
156
86,256
44,663
51.8
4 1,16 5
47-6
3,496
7.8

86,530
157
86,373
44,416
51.4
41,079
47.5
3,337
7.5

76,856
1 12
76,784
38,251
49.8
36,058
46.9
741
35,316
2,194
5.7

78,219
129
78,090
39,970
51.2
37,558
48.0
635
36,923
2,411
6.0

78,340
129
78,211
39,688
50.7
37,087
47.3
689
36,397
2,601
6.6

76,896
112
76,784
38,653
50.3
36,457
47-4
583
35,874
2,196
5-7

77,890
123
77,766
39,857
51-3
37,604
48-3
567
37,037
2,254
5.7

78,005
129
77,876
39,751
51.0
37,496
48.. 1
582
36,914
2,255
5-7

78,110
129
77,981
40,137
51.5
37,602
48. 1
552
37,051
2,534
6.3

78,219
129
78,C9C
4 0 , 246
51. 5
37,576
48.C
616
36,960
2,670
6.6

78,340
129
78,211
40,125
51.3
37,530
47.9
541
36,989
2,596
6.5

16,684
303
16,381
1 1,041
67.4
9 , 0 07
54.0
535
8,472
2,034
18.4

16,J584
304
16,281
8,902
54.7
7,317
44. 1
378
6,939
1,565
17.8

16,575
304
16,271
10,809
66.4
8,53 6
51.5
577
7,959
2,273
21-0

16,684
303
16,381
9,453
57-7
7,994
47. S

16,616
311
16,305
9,365
57.. 4
7,818
47.1
325
7,493
1,547
16.5

16,606
304
16,302
9,346
57.3
7,859
47-3
381
7,478
1,487
15^9

16,595
304
16,291
9,168
56-3
7,683
46.. 3
370
7,313
1,485
16.2

16,584
304
16,281
9,429
57.9
7,616
45.9
379
7,237
. 1,813
19-2

16,575
304
16,271
9 , 197
56.5
7,497
45.2
380
7,117
1,700
18-5

Men, 16 years and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Participation rate
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Participation rate
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Women, 16 yean and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Women, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate. .
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both taxes, 16-19 years
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variations; therefore,
identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.




355

7,639
1,459
15.4

2
Civilian employment as a percent of the total noninstitutional popuSation (including Arms*
Forces).

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the population by race, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjustad

Seasonally adjustad

Employment statu*, raoa, sax, and aga

Jane
1979

May
1980

June

June

Feb.

Bar.

Apr,

1980

1979

1980

1980

1980

1980

1980

144,870

145,016
1,613
143,403
92,535
64.5
86,148
59.4
6,386
6.9

145,181

49,525
80.5
46,597
74.2
2,928
5,S

49,323
80.1
46,366
73.7
2,957

34,569
50.7
32,589
47.7

May

June

WHITE
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

143,137
1,645
141,492
9>,596
64-7
86,919
60,7
4,677
5.1

145,016
1,613
143,403
91,698
63.9
85,980
59.3
5,719

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3 . . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

48,908
80.8
47,352
76.6
1,556
3.2

49,253

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3 . . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

145,181

143,565
93,34 0
65.0
86,920
59.9
6,420
6.9

143,137
1,645
141,492
90,215
63.8
85,775
59.9
4,440
4.9

144,570
1,619
142,951
91,977
64.3
87,081
60.2
4,896
5.3

1-44,730
1,615
143,115
91.821
64.2

49,581
80.5
46,876
74.6
2,706
5.5

48,525
80.2
46,831
75.7
1,694
3.5

49,170
80.3
47,205
75.5
1,964
4.0

49,093

46,597
74.2
2,656
5.4

46,922
7 4., 9
2,171
4.4

46,610
74.3
2,591
5., 3

32,911
49.0
31,305
46.6
1 , 6 07
4.9

34,481
50.6
32,682
47.9
1,799
5.2

34,195
50.1
32,231
47.1
1,964
5.7

33,286
31,649
47. 1
1,639
4.9

34,444
50-7
32,668
48.0
1,776
5.2

34,381
50*. 6
32,704
4 8.0
1,677
4.9

34,668
50„S
32,757
48.0
1,911
5.5

34,650
50.8
32,649
47.8
5.8

5.8

9,776
70.6
58.7
1,514
15.5
13.9
17.3

7,964
58.0
6,700
48.0
1,264
15.9
15- 9
15.9

9,564
69.7
7,814
56.0
1,750
18.3
18.5

8,402
60.7
7,295
51.8
1,107
13.2
12.. 6
13.8

8,363
6C.8
7,207
51.5
1,156
13.8
13.2
14.5

8,347
60.7
7,196
51..5
1,151
13.8
13.0
14.8

8,214
59.8
7,018
50.2
1,196
14.6
14.6

8,359
60.9
6,902
49.5
1,457
17.4
18.1
16.7

8,183
59.6
6,837
49.0
1,346
16.4
18.1
14.6

Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3 . . . .
Unemployed.
Unemployment rate

20,331
431
19,901
12,557
63.1
10,998
54-1
1,559
12.4

20,870
475
20,395
12,329
60.5
10,729
51.4
1,600
13.0

20,924
476
20,448
12,727
62-2
10,856
51. 9
1,871
14.7

20,331
431
19,901

20,727
467

20,777
476
20,301

2 0 , 87C
475
20,395
12,559

10,887
53.5
1,373
11. 2

10,937
52.8
1,424

20,822
476
20,346
12,319
60.5
10,771
51.7
1,549

12.6

10,813
51.8
1,746
13.9

20,924
476
20,448
12,446
60.9
10,751
51.4
1,695
13.6

Men, 20 years and over
Chilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,952
77.1
5,500
68.3
4 52
7.6

5,902
74.4
5,237
63.1
665

5,989
75.3
5,278
63.5
711
11.9

5,889
76. 3
5,414
67.2
475

5,914
75.1
5,368
65.2
546
9.2

5,883
74.6
5,334
64.6
548

SL3

5,897
74.6
5,254
63.5
643
10.9

5,922
74„7
5,211
62.8
711
12.0

5,945
74.8
5,195
62.5
750
12.6

5,340
55-4
4,753
49.2
587

5,489
55.3
4,876
49.0
613

5,493
55.2
4,856
48.7
637

5,414
55.0
4,928
49.9
486
9.0

5,394
54., 7
4,826
4 8.. 7
568
10.5

5,477
55.4
4,852
48.9
624
11.4

5,577
56.2
4,915
49.4

11.6

5,357
55.6
4,799
49.6
558
10.4

5,508
55.4
4,905
49.2
603
10.9

1,245
48.8
722
27.5
523
42.0
38.3
46.3

1,014
40.0
674
25.9
340
33.5
31„4
35.9

1,034
40.7
642
24.5
392
37.9

990
38.9
663
25„3
327
33.0
30.3
36.0

946
37.1
664
25.3
282
29.8

1,060

Both sexes, 16-19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3 . . . .
Unenployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

8,262

6.2

80.1

1,616

18.0

49„,6

86.822
60.0
4,999
5.4

80.0

1,616

143,254
92,083
64.3
86,385
59.6
5,698

6.2

49,201

80.1

14.5

2,001

1,616

143,565
92,096
64.1
85,792
59.1
6,303

6.8

6.0

2,000

BLACK AND OTHER

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
1

11.0

1,265
49.8
745

28.6
520
41.1
37.3
45.4

11.3

11.2

938
36.8
616
23.4
322
34.3
31.3
37.7

The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjustad for seasonal variations; therefore,
identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjustad columns.




3

12,260
61. 6

8.1

20,261
12,362

61-0

11.5

35*4
40.4

12,266
60.4
10,823
52.1
1,443
11.8

28.0
31.S

61.6

661
11.9

41.6
687
26.2
373
35.2
32.2
38.5

993
38.9
651
24.8
342
34.4
32.8
36.3

Civilian employment as a percent of the total noninstitutional population (including Armed
Forces).

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Selected employment indicators
(In thousands)
Not seasonally
adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Category
June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

Fefc.
1980

Mar.
1980

Apr.
1980

May
1980

June
1980

97,917
39,211
22,083
4 , 535

97,776
38,308
22,542
4,648

96,652
39,079
22,664
4,557

37,953
38,955
23,178
4,631

97,656
38,745
23,202
4,656

97,154
38,342
23,080
4,645

96,988
38,147
23,155
4,637

96,537
38,193
23,144
4,671

48,672
14,556
10,502
6,150
17,464
33,140
13,276
10,963
3,672
5,230
12,981
3,124

50,307
15,241
10,878
6,023
18,165
31,333
12,621
10,273
3,459
4,981
13,103
3,032

49,192
15,010
10,534
6,103
17,545
31,992
12,944
10,804
3,605
4,639
12,805
2,679

50,448
15,444
10,971
6,185
17,848
31,754
12,728
10,661
3,571
4,795
13,080
2,764

50,302
15,397
10,755
6 , 113
18,037
31,670
12,767
10,579
3,55 6
4,767
12,981
2,733

50,405
15,542
10,745
5,988
18,129
31,127
12,773
10,408
3,483
4,463
13,034
2, 6 5 8

50,606
15,551
10,882
6,022
18,152
30,681
12,523
10,336
3,421
4,402
12,932
2,745

50,861
15,712
10,911
5,981
18,256
30,243
12,301
10,131
3,395
4,416
12,930
2,606

Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1,725
1,642
418

1,658
1,693
386

1,423
1,539
291

1,417
1,648
283

1,37 0
1,591
281

1,405
1,662
289

1,365
1,590
269

Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

86,934
14,815
72,120
1,284
70,836
6,699
498

86,837
15,367
71,469
1,265
70,204
6,733
469

86,309
15,316
70,991
1,235
69,756
6,629
474

87,419
15,540
71,879
1,178
70,702
6,899
3 97

87,221
15,622
71,599
1,115
70,484
6,825
376

86,741
15,668
71,072
1,123
69,949
6,813
363

86,631
15,799
70,832
1,206
69,625
6,648
411

86,257
15,891
70,36£
1,219
69,14 ?
6,66-5
44 J

87,113
72,663
3,984
1,536
2,448
10,466

€7,369
71,633
4,860
2,086
2,774
10,876

87,749
72,243
3,284
1,322
1,962
12,222

88,985
73,110
3,406
1 , 3 80
2,026
12,^69

88,585
72,749
3,418
1 ,463
1,955
12,418

87,660
71,807
3,816
1,709
2,107
12,037

87,680
71,224
4,349
2,064
2,285
12,106

87,910
71,206
3,999
1,781
2,217
12,70u

CHARACTERISTIC
Total employed, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
j
1,449
1,600 j
300 I

PERSONS AT WORK1
Nonagricultural industries
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Usually work full time
Usually work part time
Part time for noneconomic reasons

1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons as
vacation, illness, or industrial disputes.

Table A-4. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force,
seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Monthly data

Quarterly averages
Measures

1980

1979

I I

I I I

IV

I

1980

I I

Apr.

Hay

June

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.2

1,1

1.2

1.3

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.7

U-2 Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force

2.4

2,5

2.6

2.9

4.0

3.5

4.1

4.4

U-3 Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the civilian labor force

3.9

3.9

3.9

4,2

5.3

5.0

5*5

5.5

U-4 Unemployed full-time jobseekers as a percent of the full-time labor force

5.2

5.3

5.4

5-7

7.2

6.6

7.5

7.4

U-5 Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force (official measure) .

5.8

5.8

5.9

6.1

7.5

7.0

7.8

7.7

U-6 Total full-time jobseekers plus % part-time jobseekers plus 1/a total on part time for economic
reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less 1/4 of the part-time labor force

7.2

7.3

7.4

7.7

9.4

8.7

9.9

9.6

8.0

8.0

8.1

8.7

10.3

H.A.

H. A.

If. A .

U-7 Total full-time jobseekers plus % part-time jobseekers plus % total on part time for
economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of the civilian labor force plus
discouraged workers less % of the part-time labor force

N.A. - not available.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousands)

June
1979

Unemployment "tea

June
1980

June
1979

Feb.
1980

Mar.
1980

Apr.
1980

May
1980

June
1980

7.7
6.7
6.5
18.5

CHARACTERISTIC
5/824
2,169
2,196
1,459

8,006
3,710
2,596
1,700

5.7
4-0
5.7
15-4

6.0
4.6
5.7
16.5

6.2
4. 9
5.7
15.9

7.-0
5.9
6.3
16.2

7.8
6.6
6.6
19.2

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

1,078
1,224
448

1,948
1,507
430

2.7
5.1
9.0

3.1
5.4
8.5

3.4
5.3
8.. 7

4.1
5.7
9.3

4.7
6.3
8.3

4.9
6. 1
8.4

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Labor force time lost1

4,515
1,302
—

6,621
1,367

5.2
8.6
6.3

5.6
8.9
6.6

5.8
8.3
6.8

6.6
8.9
7.5

7.5
9.3
8.8

7.4
8.8
8.3

Total, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years

—

OCCUPATION2
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

• 1,724
384
222
279 '
839
2,253
588
901
216
548
997
88

1,978
418
272
276
1,013
3,937
1,071
1,615
397
854
1,139
114

3.4
2.5
2.1
4.4
4.6
6.6
4.3
7.7
5.7
10.6
7.2
3.2

3.4
2.3
2.2
4.5
4.7
7.7
4.8
9.2
6.7
12.0
6.9
3.9

3.3
2.3
2.4
4.0
4.5
8.0
5.4
9.3
6.6
13.0
7.1
4.0

3.7
2.4
2.6
4.7
5.1
9.7
6.7
11.6
8.9
14.1
8.0
5.0

3.9
2.7
2.7
4.5
5.4
11.3
8. 1
14.0
9.0
15.4
8.5
4.8

3.7
2.6
2.4
4.4
5.3
11.5
8.0
13.8
10.5
16.2
8.1
4.2

4,243
508
1,241
672
569
169
1,237
1,054
570
120

6,327
847
2,295
1,554
741
291
1,491
1,308
573
146

5.6
10.0
5.4
4.9
6.3
3.1
6.7
4.7
3.6
7.8

6.0
10.5
6.4
6.3
6.7
4.4
6.4
4.6
4.0
9.2

6.2
13.0
6.5
6.4
6.7
3-8
6.3
4.9
4.2
10.2

7.1
15.1
7.9
8.3
7-4
4.6
7.0
5. 1
4.4
11.9

8.2
17.5
9.9
10.5
8.8
5* 1
7.6
5.7
4.2
11.7

8.3
16.5
9.9
11.2
8.0
5.2
8„0
5.7
3.5
9.7

INDUSTRY2
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers3
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

1
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.
2
Unemployment by occupation includes all experienced unemployed persons, whereas that by

industry covers only unemployed wage and salary workers,
3
Includes mining, not shown separately.

Table A-6. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally
adjusted

June
197S

June
1980

June
1979

Feb.
1980

Mar.
1980

Apr.
1980

May
1980

June
1980

3,667
1 , 4 83
1 , 0 85
593
4S2

4,249
2,387
1,655
926
729

2,880
1 ,808
1,152
656
496

2,995
2,081
1,286
790
496

2,995
2,169
1,363
776
587

3,309
2,391
1,629
953
676

3,872
2,697
1,722
1,014
709

3,333
2,922
1,766
1,027
739

9.4
4.3

10.4
4.9

10.5
5.6

10.7
5.8

11.0
5.9

11.3
5.7

10.5
5.7

11.7
6.4

100.0
49.3
31.0
19-7
11.2
8.5

100.0
47.1
32.7
20.2
12.4
7.8

100.0
45.9
33.2
20.9
11.9
9.0

100.0
45.1
32.6
22.2
13-0
9.2

100*0
46.7
32.5
20.8
12.2
8.5

100.0
41.6
36.4
22*0
12.8
9.2

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over




.

100.0
58.8
23.8
17.4
9.5
7.9

100.0
51.3
28.8
20* 0
11.2
8.8

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Reason for unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not aeaeonaBy
adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Reason
June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

Feb.
1980

Mar..
1980

Apr..
1980

2,096
6 25
1 , 4 71
8 23
2,091
1,226

3,945
1, 6 1 3
2,332
864
2, 172
1,309

2,449
816
1,633
857
1,753
781

2,907
1,031
1,876
813
1,784
827

3,047
1,129
1,918
788
1,803
805

3,611
1 ,424
2,188
926
1,967
743

4,301
1,944
2,357
992
2,015
884

4,625
2 , 117
2,508
898
1,822
863

100-0
33.6
10.0
23.6
13.2
33.5
19.7

100.0
47.5
19. 4
28„ 1
1 0«4
26. 2
15„ 8

100.. 0
41.9
14.0
28.0
14.7
30. 0
13.4

100.0
45.9
16.3
29. 6
12-8
28.2
13. 1

100.0
47.. 3
17-5
29.8
12.2
28.0
12.5

100.0
49-8
19.6
30.2
12« 8
27.1
10.3

100.0
52.. 5
23.7
28.8
12.1
24.6
10.8

100.. 0
56.3
25.8
30.6
10.9
22.. 2
10.. 5

2.9
.8
1..7
..8

3.. 5
..9
1™ 9
-7

4. 1
.9
1., 9
,.8

4.4
.. 9
1..7
.8

May
* 1980

June
1980

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Lost last job
On layoff
Other job losers
Left last job
Reentered labor force
Seeking first job
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

2.0
.8
2.0
1.2

3.7
.8
2.0
1.2

2.4
.8
1.7
.8

2.8
.8
1.7
.8

Table A-8. Unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousands)

Unemployment rates

Sex and age

June
1979
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years.
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over




v

June
1980

June
1979

Feb.
1980

Mar1980

Apr.
1980

May
1980

June
1980

5,824
2,818
1,459
690
791
1,359
3,005
2,562
434

8,006
3,598
1,700
752
976
1,898
4,423
3,900
508

5.7
11.4
15.4
17. 5
14.4
8.9
3.9
4. 1
2.9

6.0
12.2
16.5
18.7
15.1
9.5
4. 1
4.5
2.8

6.2
12. 1
15.9
17.4
14.7
9.7
4.4
4.7
2.8

7.0
13.2
16.2
18.7
14.4
11.4
5.0
5.4
3.4

7.8
15.2
19.2
21.7
17.7
12.7
5.. 5
5.9
3.. 6

7.7
14.7
18.5
19.8
18.0
12. 4
5.5
6.0
3.4

2,893
1,406
724
355
404
682
1,483
1,201
276

4,66 9
2,097
959
447
553
1,138
2,573
.2,217
347

4.9
10.. 6
14.5
16.8
14.0
8.3
3.. 2
3.. 2
3..1

5.5
12.0
15.6
18.0
14.1
9.9
3.6
3.8
2.6

5.7
12.0
14.. 8
15.. 9
14.0
10.4
3.9
4.2
2.. 7

6.7
13.8
16. 1
18.3
14.2
12.3
4.7
5.0
3.4

7.7
15.9
19.7
22.. 0
17.. 9
13..7
5.3
5.7
3.5

7.8
15.9
19.5
21.8
19.3
13.8
5.5
5.. 8
3.8

2,931
1,412
735
335
387
677
1,522
1,361
158

3,337
1,502
741
305
423
761
1,850
1,684
162

6.8
12.3
16..5
18v.3
14., 9
9.7
4„ 8
5.2
• 2.8

6.8
12.4
17.6
19.5
16.2
9.1
4.9
5.4
3.0

6.. 8
12.. 1
17.. 3
19..2
15.6
9„0
5.0
5.5
2.9

7.3
12.5
16.3
19.1
14.6
10.2
5.5
6.0
3.4

7.8
14.. 3
18.7
21.4
17.5
11.6
, 5.7
6.1
3.6

7.5
13.3
17.3
17.6
16.6
10.8
5.6
6.1
2.8

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Employment status of the black and Hispanic-origin population
(Numbers in thousands)
Not
seasonally
adjusted

Employment status

Seasonally adjurted

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

Feb.
1980

17,008
10,655
62.7
9,234
1,421
13.3
6,353

17,403
10,772
61.9
9,078
1,694
15.7
6,630

17,008
10,384
61. 1
9,128
1,256
12.1
6,624

8,041
5,121
63.7
4,690
432
8„4
2,919

8,653
5,586
64.6
5,009
577
10.3
3,068

8,041
4,977
61.9
4,563
414
8. 3
3,064

%

Mar.
1980

Apr.
1980

May
1980

June
1980

17,271
10,456
60.5
9,185
1,272
12.2
6,815

17,299
10,383
60.0
9,072
1,311
12.6
6,916

17,331
10,463
60.4
9,050
1,413
13.5
6,868

17,363
10,656
61.4
9,094
1,562
14.7
6,707

17,403
10,516
60.4
8,974
1,541
14.7
6,887

8,175
5,305
64.9
4,830
475
9.0
2,870

8,341
5,336
64.0
4, 838
499
9.3
3 , oor

8,362
5,347
63.9
4 , 81S
528
9.9
3,015

8,525
5,472
64.2
4,898
574
10.5
3 , C53

BLACK1
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
HISPANIC ORIGIN2
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

1
Data relate to black workers only. In the 1970 census, they constituted about 89 percent of the
'black and other" population group.

8,653
5,424
62.7
4,873
552
10.2
3,229 .

2
Data on persons of Hispanic ethnicity are c Elected independently of racial data. In the 1970
census, approximately 96 percent of their population was white.

Table A-10. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Unemployed

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Veteran status
and age

Percent
of
labor
force

Emprfoyed

Total

Number

June
1979

June
1980

533
46

3.6
8.5

6.5
13.7

225
98
102
25
26

459
180
186
93
28

3.3
5.2
2.9
1.7
3.7

6.5
11.1
5.4
4.9
3.3

453
251
104
98

902
532
236
134

3.3
4.0
2.6
2.8

6.2
7.9
5.4
3.7

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

June
1979

June
1980

8,527
563

8,605
347

8 , 124
529

8,201
336

7,82 8
484

7,668
290

296
45

7,122
1,973
3,602
1,547
842

7,267
1,722
3,582
1,963
991

6,884
1,882
3,495
1,507
711

7,011
1,624
3,476
1,911
854

6,659
1,784
3,393
1,482
685

6,552
1,444
3,290
1,818
826

14,542
6,642
4,171
3,729

15,438
7,071
4,561
3,806

13,843
6,331
3,966
3,546

14,645
6,696
4,353
3*596

13,390
6,080
3,862
3,448

13,743
6,164
4,117
3*462

June
1979

June
1980

VETERANS1
Total, 20 years and over
20 to 24 years

25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 years and over
NONVETERANS2
Total, 25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
1
2

Vietnam-era veterans are those who served between August 5,1964 and May 7,1975.
Nonveterans are males who have never served in the Armed Forces. Published data are limited to




those 25-39 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran
population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Persons not in labor force by reason, sex, and race, quarterly averages
(In thousands)
Not
seasonally
adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Reason, sex, and race

1979

1980

II

II

II

Total not in labor force . .

58,886

59,302

58,824

58,568

58,842

59,022

59,103

Do not want a job now
Current activity:

53,328
5,385
4,580
29,524
10,019
3,821

53,523
5,551
4,497
29,066
10,553
3,856

53,666
5,976
4,542
29,215
9,979
3,954

52,955
5,974
4,480
28,723
9,978
3,799

53,563
6,003
4,540
28,736
10,206
4,078

53,585
6,036
4,680
28,199
10,638
4,031

54,014
6,239
4,465
28,742
10,514
4,053

5,552
1,870
695
1,181
797
532
265
1,009

5,780
1,928
727
1,148
903
635
268
1 ,075

5,190
1,378
708
1,220
807
507
300
1,078

5,527
1,564
772
1,266
731
531
200
1 , 194

5,287
1 ,493
751
1,238
741
459
282
1,064

5,583
1,443
789
1,344
993
61C
384
1,013

5,441
1,452
739
1,181
917
616
300
1,152

16,834

17,297

16,956

16,948

17,211

17,286

17,329

14,974

15,261

15,395

15,177

15,485

15,594

15,719

1,858
965
288
274
331

2,035
1,014
350
312
360

1,537
686
276
256
319

1,826
815
355
286
370

1,725
739
337
285
364

1,738
684
336
377
341

•,733
745
335
305
348

Total not in labor force . .

42,052

42,005

41,868

41,620

41,632

41,735

41,775

Do not want a job now

38,354

38,262

38,271

37,778

38,078

37,99

1

38,294

Want a job now
Reason not looking:

3,693
905
407
181
522
678

3,744
914
377
1,148
591
715

3,653
692
432
1,220
551
759

3,701
749
417
1,266
445
824

3,562
753
414
1 ,238
456
700

3,845
759
453
1,344
616
673

3,708
707
404
1,181
612
804

Total not in labor force . .

51,240

51,313

51,220

50,988

5 1 , 145

51,074

51,170

Do not want a job now

47,022

46,957

47,276

46,845

46,983

46,858

47,180

Want a job now
Reason not looking:

4,211
1,372
498
905
562
875

4 , 357
1 ,475
523
897
596
866

3,919
966
505
944
564
939

4,274
1,222
529
980
541
1,002

4,014
1, 124
521
968
540
861

4,284
1,035
566
1,120
694
869

4,078
1,081
534
933
597
932

Total not in labor force . .

7,646

7,989

7,628

7,607

7,678

7,899

7,956

Do not want a job now

6,307

6,566

6,372

6,305

6,451

6,556

6,626

1,339
498
196
276
235
134

1,422
452
204
251
307
208

1,193
390
189
261
218
135

1,345
401
219
315
200
211

1,236
367
234
262
191
181

1,352
414
243
232
313
149

1,293
347
199
237
296
214

1980

1979
III

IV

I

II

TOTAL

Reason not looking:

Going to school
Ill, disabled
Keeping house
Retired

School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job
Job-market factors1. .
Personal factors2
Other reasons3

Do not want a job now
Want a job now
Reason not looking:

School attendance
Ill health, disability
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons3

'

Women

School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons
White

School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons
Black and other

Want a job now
Reason not looking:

1
2

School attendance
Ill health, disability
Home responsibilities
Think cannot get a job
Other reasons

Job market factors include "could not find job" and "thinks no job available."
Personal factors include "employers think too young or old," "lacks education or training," and




"other personal handicap."
3
Includes small number of men not looking for work because of home responsibilities.

•

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Employment status of the noninstitutional population for the ten largest States
[Numbers in thousands)
Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted *
State and employment status

California
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

June
1*79

May
1980

Junt
1930

J une
1979

16,74b
10,924
1 0,28 1
643
j. 9

17,062
11,065
10,330

17,091
11, 167
10,364

16,746
10,912
10,260
6 52
6.0

16,979
11,013
10,337
676
6. 1

735

b.b

803
1.2

Mar.
1980

Apr.

May
1980

June

1980

17,007
10,441
662
6.0

17,034
11,179
10,389
790
7.1

17,062
11,125
10,332
793
7. 1

17,091
11, 160
10,348
812
7.3

6,886
3,842
3,644
198
5.2

6,904
3,884
3,683
201
5.2

6,920
3,915
3,701
214
5.5

6,937
3,945
3,71 1
234
5. 9

6,955
3,940
3,687
253
6. 4

Feb.

1980

11,103

1980

Florida
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,746

6, 537
3 , 908
3,701
207
5.3

6,955
3,985
6.6

6,746
3,884
3 , 660
224
5.8

9,310
5,4^3
5,027
3 ye
7.3

8,314
5,493
4,989
50 ^
9.2

8,252
5,308
5,029
279
5.3

8,295
5 , 4 63
5,081
382
7.0

8,300
5,431
5,058
373
6.9

8,305
5,461
5,057
404
7.4

8,310
5,500
5,066
434
7. 9

8,314
5,401
4,936
465
8.6

5. 1

4,407
2,870
2,702
168
5.8

4,41 1
2,894
2,702
19 1
6.6

4,366
2,884
2,732
152
5.3

4,396
2,838
2,702
136
4.8

4,400
2,853
2,714
139
4.9

4,403
2,858
2,707
151
5.3

4,407
2,899
2,714
185
6.4

4,411
2,832
2,640
192
6.6

6,713
4,J7 2
4,056
J16
7.2

6,787
4,321
3,714
607
14.0.

b,79 4
4,413
3,7*3
62 0
14.0

6,713
4,318
4,008
310
7.2

6,768
4,273
3,834
439
10.3

6, 775
4,248
3,814
434
10.2

6,781
4,262
3,741
521
12.2

6,787
4,336
3,71 1
625
14. 4

6,794
4,357
3,742
615
14. 1

5,502
3,581
3,32b
7. 1

5,554
3,553
3,263
2 89
8. 1

5,559
3,645
3,351
294
8. 1

5,502
3,550
3 , 304
246
6.9

5,541
3,563
3,371
192
5.4

5,545
3,588
3,339
249
6.9

5,549
3,566
3,332
234
6.6

5,55 4
3,597
3,296
301
8.4

5,559
3,614
3,327
287
7.9

13,275
8,045
7,487
55 8
6.9

13,306
7 , 914
7,327
587
7.4

13,310
8,003
7,437
565
7. 1

13,275
7, 961
7,388
573
7.2

13,300
8,161
7,543
618
7.6

13,303
7,936
7,391
545
6.9

13,304
7,807
7,241
566
7.2

13,306
7,987
7,351
636
8. 0

13,310
7,925
7,344
581
7.3

7,910
5,045
4,753
293
5. 8

7,970
5,035
4,596
439
8.7

7,976
5,156
4,654
503
9.7

7,910
5,003
4,720
283
5.7

7,954
5,043
4,733
310
6. 1

7,960
4,991
4,695
296
5.9

7,964
5,038
4,664
374
7.4

7,970
5,080
4,602
478
9.4

7,976
5 , 118
4,624
494
9.7

8,891
5,33 3
4,950
383
7.2

8,942
5,301
4,919
382
7.2

8,948
5,396
4,963
43 3
8.0

8,891
5,260
4,902
3 58
6.8

8,929
5,411
5,041
370
6.8

8,934
5,365
4,998
367
6.8

8,938
5,381
4,967
414
7.7

8,942
5,379
4,933
446
8.3

8,948
5,324
4,915
409
7.7

9,498
6,289
5,986
303
4.8

9,709
6,282
5,967
314
5.0

9,72 8
6,429
6,044
386
6.0

9,498
6, 192
5,925
267
4.3

9,655
6,358
6,049
309
4.9

9,673
6,327
5,957
370
5.8

9,690
6,333
5,994
339
5.4

9,709
6,342
5,999
343
5.4

9,728
6,336
5,986
350
5.5

3,92b

3 , 691
235
6.0

3,722
zb 3

Illinois
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

8,252
5,403
5,081

322
o. 0

Massachusetts
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

4,366
2,943
2,793
150

Michigan
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Jersey
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

253

New York
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Ohio
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Pennsylvania
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Texas
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variations; therefore, identical numbers
appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted columns.
* These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used in the administration of
Federal fund allocation programs.




ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
[In thousands]

Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

TOTAL
GOOOS-PRODUCING
MINING

Feb.
1980

Mar.
1980

Apr.
1980

91,090 89,909

9 1 , 186

9 1 , 144

90,S51

90,602

90,088

25,752

25,805

26 , 557

26,623

26,476

26,121

25,746

25,367

1,006

1,024

1,040

953

1,007

1,009

1,012

1,023

1,021

4,31 1

4,471

4,609

4,472

4,659

4,529

4,467

4,441

4,377

21,331 . 20,533
15,328
14,466

20,251
14,170

20,156 21,132
14,087 15,150

20,957
14,871

20,938
14,850

20,642
14,550

20,282
14,181

19,969
13,925

12,965
9,299

12,414
8,672

12,153
8,410

12,022
8,285

12,837
9,183

12,715
8,967

12,707
8,961

12,442
8,686

12,139
8,386

11,905
8,183

79 1 , 3
496.1
73 2 . 0
1 , 2 8 1. 1
1,746.8
2 , 5 1 1. 4
2 , 1 4 4. 4
2,114.2
69 6 . 5
45 1 . 6

678. 4
488.7
675.5
1,193. 8
1,671.4
2,523.5
2, 156.2
1,891.1
702. 2
4 33.0

656.8
468.5
667.7
1, 1 4 8 . 8
1,621.4
2,506.8
2,120. 1
1,836.7
700. 4
425.9

666.4
455.4
662.7
1,107.7
1,588.4
2,478.7
2,101.9
1,836.1
702.9
422. 1

768
496
711
1,262
1 >732
2,502
2,136
2,095
690
445

745
495
705
1,214
1,711
2,529
2,168
2,006
702
440

737
494
700
1,209
1,711
2 , 53 r .
2,17©
2,006
715
43 9

689
491
680
1,193
1,678
2,518
2,167
1,885
703
438

656
471
662
1,143
1,621
2,514
2,126
1,820
7C1
425

646
455
644
1,091
1,574
2,469
2,094
1,820
696
41.6

8,366
6 , C29

8,119
5,794

8,098
5,760

8,134
5,802

8,295
5,967

8,242
5,904

8,231
5,889

8,200
5,864

8,143
5,795

8,064
5,742

1,72 7 . 5
6 5.0
89 7 . 1
1,33 5 . 2
716.9
1,240.2
1,124.8
212.9
788.1
25 8 . 5

1,626.2
62.9
882.1
1,304.2
698.8
1,270.4
1, 1 2 0 . 6
173.6
737.2
243.3

1,637.0
62.5
869.3
1,298.9
692. 1
1,268.0
1, 1 1 9 . 1
204.6
703.5
242.5

1,677.6
64.3
861.7
1,314.5
693.6
1,267.3
1,113.3
207.0
689.8
244.7

1,728
71
887
1,311
706
1,238
1,115
209
779
251

1,713
888
1,313
709
1,273
1,121
161
751
245

1,704
68
888
1,316
708
1,274
1 ,123
157
749
244

1,690
69
884
1,302
702
1,272
1,123
175
740
243

1,689
70
868
1,291
691
1,268
1,119
205
704
238

1,678
71
851
1,291
683
1,26s
1, l u i
203
682
237

63,904

64,911

65,236

65,285 63,352

64,563

64,668

64,830

64,856

64,721

5,219

5,147

5 , 162

5 , 168

5,198

5,202

5,178

5,162

5,143

June
1979

Apr.
1980

Hay
1980

90,914

90,761

90,988

27,010

25,850

971
4,708

CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS

Fabricated metal products
Machinery except electrical
Etectric and electronic equipment
Transportation ecjuipment
Instruments and related products
Miscall joe cxi i manufacturing

NONDURABLE GOODS
Production workers
Food and kindred products
"*"ooacco manufacturers
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc plastics products
Leathef and leather products

SER VICE-PR OOOCTNG
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

p

June
1980

p

5,194

June
1979

66

»aYp
1980

June
1980

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

20,321

20,373

20,506

20,525 20,217

20,637

20,610

20,531

20,496

20,422

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

5,245
15,076

5,265
15,108

5, 263
15,243

5,283
15,242

5,205
15,012

5,302
15,335

5,301
15,309

5,286
15,245

5,268
15,228

15,

5 , 019

5,104

5,139

5,205

4,970

5 , 101

5 , 115

5 , 119

5 , 139

s £ 153

SERVICES

17,265

17,636

17,756

17,812 1 7 , 0 7 4

17,540

17,580

17,618

17,668

17,618

GOVERNMENT

16,080

16,651

16,673

16,549

15,923

16,087

16, 161

16,384

16,391

16,385

2,824
13,256

3,103
13,548

3,097
13, 576

3*, 121 2 , 7 8 3
13,428 13,140

2,826
13,261

2,886
13,275

3,115
13,269

3,094
13,297

3,077
13,308

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE ..

FEDERAL
STATE AND LOCAL

p=preliminary.




• NOTE: Establishment data shown In tables B-1 through B-6 have been revised
teased on March 1979 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors;
consequently, they are not comparable with previously published data. For a discussion of the effect of these revisions, see "BLS Establishment Estimates Revised to
March 1979 Benchmarks," Employment and Earnings, July 1980, Vol. 27, No. 7.

5,241

E S T A B L I S H M E N T DATA

E S T A B L I S H M E N T DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers, on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry

Seasonally adjusted
Industry

Jan e
197 S

Apr.
1930

flay
1980

p

June
1980

p

.

J uce
1979

1980

Mar.
1980

Apr.
1980

May

1980 P

June
1980

p

35.9

35.0

35.0

35.3

35.6

3 5.5

35.4

35.3

35.1

35.0

43.2

4 2-8

42.6

43.3

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

CONSTRUCTION

38.0

36.7

36.9

37.8

37.2

37.1

36.6

36.7

36.8

37.0

MANUFACTURING
Overtime hours

40.4
3. 4

39.4
2.7

39.3
2.5

39.4
2.4

40. 1
3.3

40.1
3.0

39.8
3. 1

39-8
3.0

39.3
2.5

39. 1
2.4

DURABLE GOODS

41.0
3.6

39.9
2-7

39.6
2.4

39.7
2.4

40.6
3.5

40.6
3.1

40.3
3.2

40.3
3.0

39.7
2.4

39.5
2. 4

37.1
37.9
4 0.4
40.6
4C.2
4 1-0
39.6
3 9.8
4 0-4
3 8.4

37.6
37.3
40.6
39.3
39.9
40.8
39.3
39.8
40.3
38.2

38. 1
37.4
41.0
39.4
40.1
40.8
39.3
39.9
40.7
3 8. 1

39.4
38.5
41.4
41.2
40.6
41.8
4 0.2
40.7
40.6
38.8

3 9.1
39.0
41.2
4 0.8
40.8
41.5
40. 3
40.8
40.9
39. 1

38.7
38.5
40.9
40.7
40.7
41.3
40.0
40.4
40.4
38.6

37.3
38.5
40.6
40.6
40.8
41.5
39-9
40.5
4 0-7
38.5

37.5
37.6
40.3
39.2
39.9
41.0
39.5
39.6
40.3
38.3

37.4
37. 1
40. 4
39.0
39.7
40.7
39.1
39.5
40.6
38.0

39.4
3.0

3S.7
2.7

38.8
2.6

38.8
2.5

39.2
3.0

39.4
2.9

39.0
3.G

39- 1
3.0

38.9
2.7

38.6
2. 5

39-8
39 . 0
40-7
35.6
42 . 8
37-4
41 - 8
43-4
40-7
37.1

3 8-9
38.2
39.9
3 5.3
42.2
3 6^8
41.6
41.1
3 9.7
36.7

39.7
38.3
39.8
35.3
41.6
36.9
4'1.5
42.5
39.0
37.0

39.5
39.2
39.6
35.6
4 1.9
36.8
41.2
42.6
39.6
37.7

39.8
38.0
40.2
35.2
42.5
37.5
41.7
43. 4
40.6
36.4

39.7
37.9
41.1
35.9
42.9
37.4
41.9
4 0.7
40.0
37.2

39-3
37.7
40- 8
35.3
42.6
37.2
41.8
39.7
39.9
36.9

39-6
38-2
40- 3
35-8
42.5
37.2
41.5
41. 1
40. 1
37.3

39.9
37.8
39.7
35.3
41.7
37. 1 I
41.5
42-7
39.3
36.7

39. 5
38.2
39.1
35. 2
41.6
36.9
4 1. 1
42.6
39. 5
37.0

40. 1

3 9.5

39.3

39.8

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

32.3

32.0

32. 1

31.9

TOTAL PRIVATE
MINING

Overtime hours

. 40.2
38-8
. 42. 1
41-6
' 41.0
41.9
. 40-5
41-2
40-7
38.9

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
NONDURABLE GOODS

Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufacturers
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

(/ 2\)

( )

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

•32.9

31.8

31.9

32.2

32.6

32.4

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

39-0
31.0

3 8.4
2 9.7

38.5
29-9

38.6
30.2

38.8
30.6

38.8
30.4

38.5
30.3

3 8.5
30.0

38.6
30.1

38. 4
29.8

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

36.1

36.2

36. 1

36.4

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

32-9

32.4

32-3

32.7

32.7

32.7

32-7

32.6

32. 5

32.5

SERVICES

v

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; to construction •
workers in construction; and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on
private nonagricultural payrolls.




2
This series is not seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small
relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot be
separated with sufficient precision,
p = preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT

ESTABLISHMENT

DATA

DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry
Average weekly earnings

Average hourly eerningi

Industry

TOTAL PRIVATE

June
1979

Apr.
1980

1980

$6.11

$6.53
6.54

$6.56
6.57

$6.61

6 . 13
8. 50

9 . 10

9.07

9.07

367.20

389.48

9.14

9.69

9.76

9.79

347.32

355.62

360.14

280.21

June
1980

6.63

June
1979

Apr.
1980

flay
1980

$219.35 $228.55 $229.60
2 1 8 . 2 3 230.86 230.61

Seasonally adjusted

MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufacturers
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products.

386.38

6.67

7.09

7.13-

7 . 18

269.47

279.35

7.12

7.56

7.60

7.67

291.9 2

301.64

30 0.96

6.15
5.06
'6.86
8.91
b. 83
7.34
6.26
• 8.53

6.28

6.39
5.42
7.44
9.61
7.32
7.90
6.78
9.05
6.72
5.39

6.55
5.46
7.52
9.63
.7.38
7.94
6.85
9.24
6.71
5.44

247.23
196.33
370.66
280.03
30 7 . 5 5
253.53
351.44
249.08
194.11

232.99
204.28
296.54
386.92
292.25
320.21
268.88
359.79
267.85
206.21

240.26
202.17
302.06
377.67
292.07
322.32
266.45
360.19
270.82
2 05.90

4.99

5. 39
7.34
9.53
7.27
7.81
6.79
9.04
6.63
5. 37

5.94

6.36

6.42

6.46

234.04

246.13

249.10

6.21
6.81

6.82

4.54
4.21
7.07
6.91
7.54
9.31
5.91
4.18

6.75
7.79
4. 91
4. 46
7.63
7.34
8.12
9. b3
6.30
4.52

7.68
4.90
4.45
7.64
7.45
3 . 16
10.12
6.34
4.52

6.83
8.04
4.93
4.49
7.74
7.46
3.24
10. 12
6.42
4.54

247.16
265.59
134.78
149.88
302.60
258.43
404.05
240.54
155.08

262.58
297.58
195.91
157.44
321.99
270.11
337.79
404.01
250.11
165.88

27 0. 75
294. 14
19 5 . 0 2
157.09
317.82
274.91
338.64
430. 10
247.26
167.24

6.12

288.81

315.17

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES

8.02

8.71

8.71

8.76

32 1.60

344.05

342.30

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

5.03

5.40

5.42

5.44

165.49

171.72

172.9 0

WHOLESALE TRADE

6.35
4.50

6.87

6.89
4.82

6.95
4.83

247.65

263.81
142.56

26 5. 27
144.12

205.62

205.41

186.30

181.02

5.21
5.28

See footnote 1, table B-2.




5.69

5.79

5.79

5.83

5. 68

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE
SERVICES

139.50

4. 80

RETAIL TRADE

188.08

5.75

173.71
p=preliminary.

June
198C

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
i

Table B-4. Hourly earnings index for production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry division, seasonally adjusted
[1967=100]
Percent change f r o m —
Industry

JAN.
1980

JUNE
1979

FEB.
1980

APR.
1980

MAR.
19R0

HAYP
198 G

JUNE
1980

P
JUNE

1979-

JIJNE

1980

MAY
JUNF

19801980

TOTAL PRIVATE NONFARM:
Current dollars
Constant (1967) dollars

240. 4
102. 7

242.5
102.3

245.3
102.0

246.2
101.4

248. 2
101.3

250.7

9.4

1.C

«105.9

N.A.

(2)

(3)

263.4

277. 1

278.6

280.9

283.7

283.7

284. 1

220.5
234. 1

225. 7
245. 1
260. 8

229.8
247.9

232.2
250.2

233.0
252.4

234.9
257.6

7.9
6.5
10.0

262.5

234. 8

235.5

266.0
239.0

218. 3
237. 7

221.2
239.6

225.7
242.8

229. 1

MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANSPORTATION A N D PUBLIC UTILITIES
WHOLESALE A N D RETAIL T R A D E
FINANCE, INSURANCE, A N D R E A L ESTATE

247.0
222.6
208.4

SERVICES

226. 0

1

SEE

FOOTNOTE

2
3

PERCENT
PERCENT

1,

CHANGE
CHANGE

TABLE
WAS
WAS

. 1
.5

267.2

2 33.8
2 54.9
268.4

238.0
224.9

2 3 9 .7
225.9

270.7
241.4
231.0

8.4
10.9

.7
2.2

243.0

245.7

249.0

10.2

1.3

.fl

1. 1

9.6

B-2.

- 4 . 7 FROM
MAY
1979 TO K A Y 1 9 8 0 , T H E L A T E S T M O N T H
AVAILABLE.
-.1 FPCM A P F I L 1980 T O MAY 1980, T H E L A T E S T M O N T H
AVAILABLE.

N.A. = not available.
p=prelimtnary.
NOTE: All series are in current dollars except where indicated. The index excludes effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to underlying wage-rate developments: Fluctuations in overtime
premiums in manufacturing (the only sector for which overtime data are available) and the effects of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage and low-wage industries.

%

1

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers, on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry, seasonally adjusted
[1967=100]

1980

1979
Industry division and group

June

TOTAL PRIVATE

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

125.6 125. 8 1 2 5 . 9 1 2 6 . 0 126.1 1 2 6 . 4 1 2 6 . 8

Jan.

Feb.

H ar.

Apr.

May

p

127. 1 126.9 1 2 6 . 0 1 2 4 . 8 123.4

June

P

122- 2

109.5 1 C9.4 109.3 109.5

109.1 1 0 8 . 7 109.4

MINING

154.5 1 5 0 . 8 1 5 7 . 6 159.4

160.9

CONSTRUCTION

126-7 1 2 8 . 2 1 2 9 . 7 130.5 128.5

1 2 9 . 7 132.8

137.7

134.7 126.9 1 2 4 . 7

MANUFACTURING

104.6

104. 7 1 0 4 . 0

104.1 1 0 3 . 8 103.2 103.5

103.4

102.8 1 0 1 . 8

99.8

108. 4
114.1
107.7
111.9
98.3
106.5
118.3
109.2
100.9
127.5
98.9

108.5
113.7
108.3
1 11. 3
98.1
1C6.2
1 18. 8
1C9.4
101. 2
127. 8
99.4

107.5
114-4
108.6
111.3
96.6
104.7
117.4
106.3
102.1
127.5
99.4

107.8
114.7
108.6
111.4
96.0
105.8
118.5
109.0
99.4
127.5
99.1

107. 1
113.9
109.1
110.4
95.4
105.9
115.7
109L4
98.5
127.8
98.6

106.0
111.0
109.4
110. 1
94. 1
105.6
114.9
109.2
95.5
128.2
98.6

106.4
109.4
109.1
110.4
92.9
105.7
114.4
110.4
98.3
128.8
99.4

106.0
109.8
109.7
11.0.3
92.7
104.8
118.5
110.8
91.7
130.0
99.3

105.8
108.9
108.9
109.6
92.4
104.9
117.5
109.8
93.8
129.1
98.2

105.0
106.5
106.9
108.0
91.8
104.6
116.9
109.4
93.0
128.7
96.9

101.6
95.3
106. 1
103.5
89.9
102.1
116. 1
108.1
85.0
128.4
95.8

93.7
96.6
89. 1
90.7
93.5
98.7
- 99.4 96.6
82.2
77.6
95.5
91.9
114. 1 110.9 .
103.9 99.9
78.7 78.7
126.3 126.6
91.9
88.6

99.0
97.4
76.1
89.3
88.7
101.0
103. 1
107.6
120.7
150. 8
67.2

99.2
96.9
74.9
89.5
89. 6
101.7
104. 0
107.5
121.2
151. 0
64. 1

98.8
96.8
73.6
89.2
88.3
101.8
104.8
107.6
121.2
147.8
6 6. 1

98.7
96.5
75.5
89.9
87.7
101.5
1.04.3
107. 5
123.2
147.0
66.7

99.1
97.3
75.3
90.6
88.5
102.0
104.5
107.6
121.9
146.6
66.5

99. 1
97.5
65.0
91.2
87.8
102.0
105.6
108. 5
124.4
144.9
66.0

99.2
97.6
70.3
91.5
88.5
10 2 . 1
105.2
108.2
122.4
143.4
66.4

98.4
99.7
97.3
94.6
96.9
96.2
71.7
70.5
70.2
91.6
92.7
91.C
90.5
90.3
89.2
102.9 102.5 1 0 1 . 6
106.9 105.9 105. 1
1 0 9 . 0 108.4 1 0 8 . 0
71.4
75.7
104.9
1 4 5 . 7 142.2 1 4 1 . 4
66.4
66.4
65.6

97.2
94.4
72.4
89.4
89.3
100.4
104.8
107.4
91.6
139. S
66.0

95.4
94.9
71.7
86.2
87.2
96.5
103.6
106.2
114.4
129.0
63.6

GOODS-PRODUCING

DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing industry
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufacturers
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing a'nd publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

SERVICE-PRODUCING

136.8 1 3 7 . 1 1 3 7 . 5 137.5 137.9

160.8

110. 1 109.1 1 0 7 . 3 105.2 102. 1 100.1

16 2.5 1 6 2 . 5

162. 1 1 6 2 . 9 161.7 1 6 2 . 6 164.Q
124.4

123.1

96. 1

93.8

93.9
93.5
72.4
83.2
87.2
94.8
102.9
104.0
114.1
125.1
63.8

138.7 1 3 8 . 8 1 3 8 . 9 139.2 1 3 9 . 0 1 3 8 . 3 1 3 8 . 2 137.5

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

115.3 1 1 4 . 7 1 1 6 . 1 1 1 5 . 0 115.8 1 1 6 . 6 1 1 5 . 8 1 1 4 . 0

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE

1 3 0 . 6 1 3 0 . 8 1 3 1 . 1 131.4 1 3 1 . 8

1 3 2 . 3 1 3 2 . 2 1 3 2 . 6 132.7 1 3 1 . 8 1 3 0 . 4

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

133.4 1 3 3 . 4 133*. 6 1 3 3 . 8 134.3
129.5 129. 7 1 3 0 . 1 130.4 130.9

135. 1 1 3 5 . 0
131.2 1 3 1 . 0

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

145.3 1 4 6 . 1 1 4 6 . 6 1 4 6 . 3

1 4 7 . 7 148.2 14 8 . 2 149.3 1 4 9 . 6 1 4 9 . 4 1 4 9 . 9 1 5 1 . 6 |

SERVICES

152.8 153.6 153.4 153.8 154.0 155.0 156.0 156.4

113.7 1 1 3 . 9 113.5 1 1 2 . 4 1 1 3 . 7
130.3 128.5

<*

1

See footnote 1, table B-?




147.0

135.4
131.5

135.6 1 3 4 . 5 1 3 4 . 1 1 3 3 . 6 132.2
131.5 1 3 0 . 7 1 2 8 . 9 1 2 9 . 1 1 2 7 . 1

157.2 1 5 7 . 6 1 5 7 . 6 1 5 7 . 5

15$.7,r

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment 1 increased

Year and month

Over 1-month span

Over 6-month span

Over 3-month span

Over 12-month span

1977
72. 4
66. 9
73. 5

78. 5
84. 3
83. 1

86. 0
85. 8
84. 9

79. 1
80. 8
82. 3

72. 4
71 2
65. 1

83. 4
76. 2
71 . 2

80. 8
80. 2
77. 9

83, 4
85. 2
86. 0

September.

64. 0
60. 5
70. 1

6 7 .7
72. 1
72. 1

74. 1
76. 7
79. 1

84. 9
82, 6
82. 3

December..

65. 1
7 1 8
75. 0

77 . 6
78. 5
78. 2

81 . 4
84. 6
8 2 .,0

82. 6
80. 8
81. 7

February. .

68. 6
68. 6
71 8

8 0 ., 8
77. 3
8 0 .. 2

8 2 .. 3
82. 8
79. 9

7 9 .,7
8 2 ., 3
81 ., 1

April
May
J une

69. 8
61 9
6 4 .. 2

74., 7
73.,0
66., 6

74.. 7
7 5 ., 3
74., 7

84.,6
83., 7
82..6

July

61 .,0
67. 7
67., 2

68., 0
70., 1
74., 1

73.,3
77., 6
80.• 5

81 .. 1
79., 9
79.. 1

68., 0
75., 3
74., 7

78., 2
81 . 1
8 1 .7
.

82.,0
79,, 1
78., 2

74.. 1
76,.7
74,.4

March

66..9
66., 3
62,, 2

75.. 9
70.. 3
64,.0

74.. 7
7 1..8
64..0

73,.3
70,.6
69,. 2

April
May
June

. 7
49 ,
58.. 1
57 . 8

60.. 2
54,. 7
59,. 9

60.. 5
53,.8
51,. 5

67,. 7
63,.4
58 .4

July
August....
September.

57..0
54,. 4
52,.9

53,. 8
5 2,.0
57,. 6

58,. 1
55,. 5
55,. 2

59,.6
54 . 9
50 . 6

Oc t o b e r. . .
November. .
December..

65.. 1
55,. 2
53,. 5

61 .9
6 1. 9
57 . 3

59,.3
63 . 1
56,.4

44,.2
40,.4p
37 •5p

January...
February..
March

6 0. 2
54 . 9
45 . 9

57 . 6
52 . 6
36 . 6

42 . 7
37 • 5 p
30 • 8 p.

April

28 . 2
29 • 7 p
20 .9p

30 • 2 p
2 1 .5p

February. .
March
April
June
July

19 78

September.
Oc t obe r. ..
November..

1979
January...

19 80

July
A u g u s t. . ..
September.

November..
December.,

1

Number of employees, seasonally adjusted, on payrolls of 172 private nonagricultural industries,
p - preliminary.




1