Full text of The Employment Situation : July 2021
The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, August 6, 2021 USDL-21-1434 Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — JULY 2021 Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 943,000 in July, and the unemployment rate declined by 0.5 percentage point to 5.4 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Notable job gains occurred in leisure and hospitality, in local government education, and in professional and business services. Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, July 2019 – July 2021 Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted, July 2019 – July 2021 Percent Thousands 16.0 160,000 14.0 155,000 12.0 150,000 10.0 145,000 8.0 140,000 6.0 135,000 4.0 130,000 125,000 2.0 Jul-19 Oct-19 Jan-20 Apr-20 Jul-20 Oct-20 Jan-21 Apr-21 Jul-21 Jul-19 Oct-19 Jan-20 Apr-20 Jul-20 Oct-20 Jan-21 Apr-21 Jul-21 This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical Note. Household Survey Data The unemployment rate declined by 0.5 percentage point to 5.4 percent in July, and the number of unemployed persons fell by 782,000 to 8.7 million. These measures are down considerably from their highs at the end of the February-April 2020 recession. However, they remain well above their levels prior to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (3.5 percent and 5.7 million, respectively, in February 2020). (See table A-1. See the box note on page 6 for more information about how the household survey and its measures were affected by the coronavirus pandemic.) Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates declined in July for adult men (5.4 percent), adult women (5.0 percent), Whites (4.8 percent), Blacks (8.2 percent), and Hispanics (6.6 percent). The jobless rates for teenagers (9.6 percent) and Asians (5.3 percent) showed little change over the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) Among the unemployed, the number of persons on temporary layoff fell by 572,000 to 1.2 million in July. This measure is down considerably from the high of 18.0 million in April 2020 but is 489,000 above the February 2020 level. The number of permanent job losers declined by 257,000 to 2.9 million in July but is 1.6 million higher than in February 2020. (See table A-11.) The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) decreased by 560,000 in July to 3.4 million but is 2.3 million higher than in February 2020. These long-term unemployed accounted for 39.3 percent of the total unemployed in July. The number of persons jobless less than 5 weeks increased by 276,000 to 2.3 million. (See table A-12.) The labor force participation rate was little changed at 61.7 percent in July and has remained within a narrow range of 61.4 percent to 61.7 percent since June 2020. The participation rate is 1.6 percentage points lower than in February 2020. The employment-population ratio increased by 0.4 percentage point to 58.4 percent in July and is up by 1.0 percentage point since December 2020. However, this measure is 2.7 percentage points below its February 2020 level. (See table A-1.) In July, the number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 4.5 million, was about unchanged. There were 4.4 million persons in this category in February 2020. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-8.) In July, the number of persons not in the labor force who currently want a job was 6.5 million, about unchanged over the month but up by 1.5 million since February 2020. These individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not actively looking for work during the last 4 weeks or were unavailable to take a job. (See table A-1.) Among those not in the labor force who currently want a job, the number of persons marginally attached to the labor force, at 1.9 million, was little changed in July but is up by 435,000 since February 2020. These individuals wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had not looked for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached who believed that no jobs were available for them, was 507,000 in July, down by 110,000 from the previous month but 106,000 higher than in February 2020. (See Summary table A.) Household Survey Supplemental Data In July, 13.2 percent of employed persons teleworked because of the coronavirus pandemic, down from 14.4 percent in the prior month. These data refer to employed persons who teleworked or worked at home for pay at some point in the last 4 weeks specifically because of the pandemic. -2- In July, 5.2 million persons reported that they had been unable to work because their employer closed or lost business due to the pandemic—that is, they did not work at all or worked fewer hours at some point in the last 4 weeks due to the pandemic. This measure is down from 6.2 million in June. Among those who reported in July that they were unable to work because of pandemic-related closures or lost business, 9.1 percent received at least some pay from their employer for the hours not worked, little changed from the previous month. Among those not in the labor force in July, 1.6 million persons were prevented from looking for work due to the pandemic, essentially unchanged from June. (To be counted as unemployed, by definition, individuals must be either actively looking for work or on temporary layoff.) These supplemental data come from questions added to the household survey beginning in May 2020 to help gauge the effects of the pandemic on the labor market. The data are not seasonally adjusted. Tables with estimates from the supplemental questions for all months are available online at www.bls.gov/cps/effects-of-the-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic.htm. Establishment Survey Data Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 943,000 in July, following a similar increase in June (+938,000). Nonfarm payroll employment in July is up by 16.7 million since April 2020 but is down by 5.7 million, or 3.7 percent, from its pre-pandemic level in February 2020. In July, notable job gains occurred in leisure and hospitality, in local government education, and in professional and business services. (See table B-1. See the box note on page 6 for more information about how the establishment survey and its measures were affected by the coronavirus pandemic.) In July, employment in leisure and hospitality increased by 380,000. Two-thirds of the job gain was in food services and drinking places (+253,000). Employment also continued to increase in accommodation (+74,000) and in arts, entertainment, and recreation (+53,000). Despite recent growth, employment in leisure and hospitality is down by 1.7 million, or 10.3 percent, from its level in February 2020. In July, employment rose by 221,000 in local government education and by 40,000 in private education. Staffing fluctuations in education due to the pandemic have distorted the normal seasonal buildup and layoff patterns, likely contributing to the job gains in July. Without the typical seasonal employment increases earlier, there were fewer layoffs at the end of the school year, resulting in job gains after seasonal adjustment. These variations make it more challenging to discern the current employment trends in these education industries. Since February 2020, employment is down by 205,000 in local government education and 207,000 in private education. Employment in professional and business services rose by 60,000 in July. Within the industry, employment in the professional and technical services component rose by 43,000 over the month and is 121,000 above its February 2020 level. (Professional and technical services includes industries such as accounting and bookkeeping services, management and technical consulting services, and scientific research and development services.) By contrast, employment in the administrative and waste services component (which includes temporary help services) changed little over the month (+20,000) and is 577,000 lower than in February 2020. Employment in the management of companies and enterprises component was also little changed over the month (-3,000) but is 100,000 lower than the level in -3- February 2020. Employment in professional and business services overall is down by 556,000 since February 2020. Transportation and warehousing added 50,000 jobs in July. Job growth occurred in transit and ground passenger transportation (+19,000), warehousing and storage (+11,000), and couriers and messengers (+8,000). Employment in transportation and warehousing has grown by 534,000 since April 2020; the industry has recovered 92.9 percent of the jobs lost during the February-April 2020 recession (-575,000). The other services industry added 39,000 jobs in July, with gains in membership associations and organizations (+17,000) and in personal and laundry services (+15,000). Employment in other services is 236,000 lower than in February 2020. Health care added 37,000 jobs in July. Job gains in ambulatory health care services (+32,000) and hospitals (+18,000) more than offset a loss of 13,000 jobs in nursing and residential care facilities. Health care employment is down by 502,000 since February 2020. Employment in manufacturing increased by 27,000 in July, largely in durable goods manufacturing. Within durable goods, job gains occurred in machinery (+7,000) and miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing (+6,000). Manufacturing employment is 433,000 below its February 2020 level. Employment in information increased by 24,000 over the month, with three-quarters of the gain in motion picture and sound recording industries (+18,000). Employment in information is down by 172,000 since February 2020. Employment in financial activities rose by 22,000 over the month, largely in real estate and rental and leasing (+18,000). Employment in financial activities is down by 48,000 since February 2020. Employment in mining increased by 7,000 in July, reflecting a gain in support activities for mining (+6,000). Mining employment has risen by 49,000 since a trough in August 2020 but is 103,000 below a peak in January 2019. Employment in retail trade changed little in July (-6,000), following large increases in the prior 2 months. In July, job gains in gasoline stations (+14,000), miscellaneous store retailers (+7,000), and nonstore retailers (+5,000) were more than offset by a loss in building material and garden supply stores (-34,000). Since February 2020, employment in retail trade is down by 270,000. In July, employment showed little change in construction and wholesale trade. In July, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 11 cents to $30.54, following increases in the prior 3 months. Average hourly earnings for private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees also rose by 11 cents in July to $25.83. The data for recent months suggest that the rising demand for labor associated with the recovery from the pandemic may have put upward pressure on wages. However, because average hourly earnings vary widely across industries, the large employment fluctuations since February 2020 complicate the analysis of recent trends in average hourly earnings. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) -4- In July, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.8 hours. In manufacturing, the average workweek increased by 0.2 hour to 40.5 hours, and overtime was unchanged at 3.2 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.2 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for May was revised up by 31,000, from +583,000 to +614,000, and the change for June was revised up by 88,000, from +850,000 to +938,000. With these revisions, employment in May and June combined is 119,000 higher than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.) _____________ The Employment Situation for August is scheduled to be released on Friday, September 3, 2021, at 8:30 a.m. (ET). -5- Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on July 2021 Household and Establishment Survey Data Data collection for both surveys was affected by the pandemic. In the establishment survey, more data continued to be collected by web than in months prior to the pandemic. In the household survey, for the safety of both interviewers and respondents, in-person interviews were conducted only when telephone interviews could not be done. As in previous months, some workers affected by the pandemic who should have been classified as unemployed on temporary layoff were instead misclassified as employed but not at work. However, the share of responses that may have been misclassified was highest in the early months of the pandemic and has been considerably lower in recent months. Since March 2020, BLS has published an estimate of what the unemployment rate might have been had misclassified workers been included among the unemployed. Repeating this same approach, the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate in July 2021 would have been 0.3 percentage point higher than reported. However, this represents the upper bound of our estimate of misclassification and probably overstates the size of the misclassification error. More information about the impact of the pandemic on the two surveys is available at www.bls.gov/covid19/employment-situation-covid19-faq-july-2021.htm. 2021 Preliminary Benchmark Revision to Establishment Survey Data to be released on August 18, 2021 Each year, the establishment survey estimates are benchmarked to comprehensive counts of employment from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) for the month of March. These counts are derived from state unemployment insurance (UI) tax records that nearly all employers are required to file. At 10:00 a.m. (ET) on August 18, 2021, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will release the preliminary estimate of the upcoming annual benchmark revision to the establishment survey data. This is the same day that the first-quarter 2021 data from QCEW will be issued. Preliminary benchmark revisions for all major industry sectors, as well as total nonfarm and total private employment, will be available at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesprelbmk.htm. The final benchmark revision will be issued with the publication of the January 2022 Employment Situation news release in February 2022. -6- HOUSEHOLD DATA Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Category July 2020 May 2021 June 2021 Change from: June 2021July 2021 July 2021 Employment status Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force.......................................................... . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed.................................................................. . Employment-population ratio......................................... . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260,373 160,085 61.5 143,777 55.2 16,308 10.2 100,288 261,210 160,935 61.6 151,620 58.0 9,316 5.8 100,275 261,338 161,086 61.6 151,602 58.0 9,484 5.9 100,253 261,469 161,347 61.7 152,645 58.4 8,702 5.4 100,123 131 261 0.1 1,043 0.4 -782 -0.5 -130 Unemployment rates Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult men (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................ . 10.2 9.4 10.4 19.1 9.2 14.4 11.9 12.7 5.8 5.9 5.4 9.6 5.1 9.1 5.5 7.3 5.9 5.9 5.5 9.9 5.2 9.2 5.8 7.4 5.4 5.4 5.0 9.6 4.8 8.2 5.3 6.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.4 -1.0 -0.5 -0.8 Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................. . 9.0 15.1 10.8 9.9 6.7 5.1 9.1 6.8 5.9 3.2 5.4 10.2 7.0 5.8 3.5 4.8 9.5 6.3 5.0 3.1 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.4 Reason for unemployment Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers..................................................................... . Reentrants...................................................................... . New entrants................................................................... . 12,891 579 2,315 513 5,841 778 2,149 525 5,787 942 2,298 494 4,960 930 2,287 463 -827 -12 -11 -31 Duration of unemployment Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks.................................................................. . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over............................................................ . 3,188 5,175 6,488 1,483 2,023 2,126 1,262 3,752 1,981 2,166 1,329 3,985 2,257 1,861 1,174 3,425 276 -305 -155 -560 Employed persons at work part time Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons......................................... . 8,400 7,228 1,016 17,773 5,271 4,069 966 19,160 4,627 3,430 1,007 20,337 4,483 2,965 1,116 20,087 -144 -465 109 -250 Persons not in the labor force Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers....................................................... . 1,979 660 1,955 600 1,830 617 1,872 507 42 -110 NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted Category May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,726 1,523 60 -4 26 38 30 43.7 8 1,463 -19.5 240.1 49.5 0.5 -10 12 147 133.5 214 201.4 666 163 203 614 555 16 4 -24 36 27 29.1 9 539 14.8 59.9 15.0 -0.9 20 2 50 7.5 46 12.8 319 13 59 938 769 45 11 -5 39 37 2.7 2 724 27.2 72.5 19.6 -0.4 4 -1 75 35.0 60 7.3 394 73 169 943 703 44 6 11 27 20 0.8 7 659 2.8 -5.5 49.7 -0.1 24 22 60 9.7 87 46.8 380 39 240 (3-month average change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,135 3,225 556 502 607 517 832 676 WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2 Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)5 Total private (257 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing (75 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 July 2020 49.7 48.2 81.3 34.6 $29.37 $1,016.20 102.5 1.3 143.9 1.3 61.9 47.3 49.8 48.4 81.4 34.8 $30.31 $1,054.79 107.7 0.2 156.1 0.6 64.0 59.3 49.8 48.4 81.3 34.8 $30.43 $1,058.96 108.4 0.6 157.7 1.0 68.5 66.0 49.9 48.4 81.4 34.8 $30.54 $1,062.79 109.0 0.6 159.1 0.9 67.5 68.0 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. 4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. 5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. 2 Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm. 2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The Employment Situation news release. 3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cestn.htm#section7. On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance benefits? No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently looking for work? Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, please visit data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln. Technical Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses and government agencies, representing approximately 697,000 individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll jobs. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory employees in private service-providing industries. Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. • The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. • The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. • The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. • The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Reliability of the estimates Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic activity. Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component series, and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year. Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 110,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -60,000 to +160,000 (50,000 +/- 110,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages. The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death employment. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.3 percent. Other information Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age July 2020 June 2021 July 2021 July 2020 Mar. 2021 Apr. 2021 May 2021 June 2021 July 2021 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260,373 161,374 62.0 144,492 55.5 16,882 10.5 98,998 8,003 261,338 162,167 62.1 152,283 58.3 9,883 6.1 99,172 6,869 261,469 162,817 62.3 153,596 58.7 9,221 5.7 98,653 6,818 260,373 160,085 61.5 143,777 55.2 16,308 10.2 100,288 7,680 261,003 160,558 61.5 150,848 57.8 9,710 6.0 100,445 6,850 261,103 160,988 61.7 151,176 57.9 9,812 6.1 100,115 6,647 261,210 160,935 61.6 151,620 58.0 9,316 5.8 100,275 6,600 261,338 161,086 61.6 151,602 58.0 9,484 5.9 100,253 6,428 261,469 161,347 61.7 152,645 58.4 8,702 5.4 100,123 6,517 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,944 85,685 68.0 77,375 61.4 8,310 9.7 40,258 126,434 86,227 68.2 80,994 64.1 5,233 6.1 40,206 126,499 86,723 68.6 81,918 64.8 4,806 5.5 39,776 125,944 84,534 67.1 76,256 60.5 8,278 9.8 41,409 126,266 84,917 67.3 79,681 63.1 5,236 6.2 41,349 126,316 85,410 67.6 80,017 63.3 5,394 6.3 40,905 126,369 85,210 67.4 80,062 63.4 5,148 6.0 41,159 126,434 85,320 67.5 80,176 63.4 5,144 6.0 41,114 126,499 85,507 67.6 80,712 63.8 4,795 5.6 40,992 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,580 82,353 70.0 74,756 63.6 7,597 9.2 35,227 118,125 82,756 70.1 77,978 66.0 4,778 5.8 35,369 118,192 83,075 70.3 78,698 66.6 4,376 5.3 35,118 117,580 81,861 69.6 74,173 63.1 7,688 9.4 35,719 117,949 81,978 69.5 77,194 65.4 4,784 5.8 35,972 118,003 82,333 69.8 77,348 65.5 4,985 6.1 35,670 118,059 82,182 69.6 77,340 65.5 4,842 5.9 35,877 118,125 82,414 69.8 77,545 65.6 4,869 5.9 35,711 118,192 82,526 69.8 78,041 66.0 4,484 5.4 35,667 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134,429 75,689 56.3 67,117 49.9 8,572 11.3 58,740 134,905 75,939 56.3 71,289 52.8 4,650 6.1 58,965 134,970 76,093 56.4 71,678 53.1 4,416 5.8 58,877 134,429 75,551 56.2 67,520 50.2 8,030 10.6 58,879 134,737 75,641 56.1 71,167 52.8 4,474 5.9 59,096 134,787 75,577 56.1 71,159 52.8 4,418 5.8 59,210 134,841 75,725 56.2 71,557 53.1 4,168 5.5 59,116 134,905 75,766 56.2 71,426 52.9 4,340 5.7 59,139 134,970 75,840 56.2 71,934 53.3 3,906 5.2 59,130 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,243 72,404 57.4 64,384 51.0 8,020 11.1 53,839 126,770 72,544 57.2 68,353 53.9 4,191 5.8 54,226 126,837 72,547 57.2 68,494 54.0 4,053 5.6 54,290 126,243 72,866 57.7 65,270 51.7 7,596 10.4 53,377 126,594 72,668 57.4 68,513 54.1 4,155 5.7 53,926 126,648 72,503 57.2 68,430 54.0 4,073 5.6 54,145 126,704 72,707 57.4 68,811 54.3 3,895 5.4 53,998 126,770 72,855 57.5 68,817 54.3 4,038 5.5 53,915 126,837 72,883 57.5 69,235 54.6 3,648 5.0 53,954 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,550 6,618 40.0 5,353 32.3 1,265 19.1 9,932 16,443 6,867 41.8 5,952 36.2 915 13.3 9,577 16,440 7,195 43.8 6,403 38.9 792 11.0 9,245 16,550 5,358 32.4 4,333 26.2 1,024 19.1 11,192 16,460 5,913 35.9 5,142 31.2 771 13.0 10,547 16,451 6,152 37.4 5,398 32.8 754 12.3 10,300 16,446 6,046 36.8 5,468 33.2 578 9.6 10,400 16,443 5,817 35.4 5,240 31.9 577 9.9 10,626 16,440 5,938 36.1 5,369 32.7 569 9.6 10,502 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. July 2020 June 2021 July 2021 July 2020 Mar. 2021 Apr. 2021 May 2021 June 2021 July 2021 201,319 124,664 61.9 112,913 56.1 11,752 9.4 76,655 201,814 124,582 61.7 117,832 58.4 6,750 5.4 77,231 201,888 125,285 62.1 118,974 58.9 6,311 5.0 76,602 201,319 123,748 61.5 112,372 55.8 11,376 9.2 77,571 201,642 123,819 61.4 117,166 58.1 6,653 5.4 77,823 201,687 123,964 61.5 117,358 58.2 6,606 5.3 77,723 201,743 123,897 61.4 117,553 58.3 6,344 5.1 77,845 201,814 123,800 61.3 117,320 58.1 6,480 5.2 78,013 201,888 124,413 61.6 118,428 58.7 5,985 4.8 77,475 64,672 70.1 59,432 64.4 5,240 8.1 64,695 69.9 61,446 66.4 3,250 5.0 65,140 70.3 62,093 67.0 3,048 4.7 64,412 69.8 59,077 64.0 5,335 8.3 64,289 69.5 60,935 65.9 3,353 5.2 64,593 69.8 61,155 66.1 3,439 5.3 64,492 69.7 61,182 66.1 3,311 5.1 64,478 69.6 61,122 66.0 3,357 5.2 64,858 70.0 61,701 66.6 3,157 4.9 54,843 56.6 49,214 50.8 5,629 10.3 54,558 56.1 51,697 53.2 2,860 5.2 54,594 56.2 51,831 53.3 2,763 5.1 55,186 57.0 49,880 51.5 5,306 9.6 54,911 56.6 52,155 53.7 2,756 5.0 54,603 56.2 51,965 53.5 2,638 4.8 54,698 56.3 52,079 53.6 2,618 4.8 54,800 56.4 52,084 53.6 2,716 5.0 54,993 56.6 52,538 54.0 2,455 4.5 5,150 42.4 4,266 35.1 884 17.2 5,329 44.2 4,689 38.9 640 12.0 5,551 46.0 5,050 41.9 501 9.0 4,150 34.2 3,415 28.1 735 17.7 4,619 38.2 4,076 33.7 543 11.8 4,768 39.5 4,238 35.1 530 11.1 4,707 39.0 4,292 35.6 415 8.8 4,522 37.5 4,114 34.1 408 9.0 4,562 37.8 4,189 34.7 373 8.2 33,353 20,321 60.9 17,283 51.8 3,038 15.0 13,031 33,595 20,846 62.1 18,881 56.2 1,966 9.4 12,749 33,619 20,692 61.6 18,883 56.2 1,809 8.7 12,926 33,353 20,065 60.2 17,182 51.5 2,883 14.4 13,288 33,530 20,362 60.7 18,412 54.9 1,951 9.6 13,168 33,551 20,544 61.2 18,546 55.3 1,998 9.7 13,007 33,572 20,439 60.9 18,584 55.4 1,854 9.1 13,133 33,595 20,679 61.6 18,769 55.9 1,910 9.2 12,916 33,619 20,430 60.8 18,757 55.8 1,673 8.2 13,189 9,319 66.3 7,923 56.4 1,396 15.0 9,678 68.2 8,733 61.5 945 9.8 9,503 66.9 8,699 61.2 804 8.5 9,222 65.6 7,838 55.8 1,384 15.0 9,430 66.6 8,501 60.0 928 9.8 9,465 66.8 8,498 59.9 967 10.2 9,460 66.7 8,533 60.1 927 9.8 9,607 67.7 8,648 60.9 958 10.0 9,402 66.2 8,609 60.6 793 8.4 10,136 60.0 8,702 51.6 1,433 14.1 10,335 60.8 9,445 55.5 889 8.6 10,284 60.4 9,426 55.4 858 8.3 10,140 60.1 8,794 52.1 1,346 13.3 10,181 60.0 9,294 54.8 887 8.7 10,315 60.7 9,429 55.5 887 8.6 10,293 60.6 9,448 55.6 844 8.2 10,358 60.9 9,473 55.7 886 8.5 10,293 60.5 9,511 55.9 782 7.6 866 35.9 657 27.2 209 24.2 833 34.9 702 29.4 131 15.7 905 37.9 758 31.8 147 16.3 703 29.1 550 22.8 153 21.8 752 31.4 616 25.7 136 18.1 764 32.0 620 25.9 144 18.9 686 28.7 603 25.2 83 12.1 714 29.9 648 27.1 67 9.3 735 30.8 637 26.7 98 13.3 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age ASIAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2020 16,420 10,481 63.8 9,207 56.1 1,274 12.2 5,939 June 2021 16,428 10,465 63.7 9,851 60.0 613 5.9 5,964 July 2021 16,514 10,703 64.8 10,118 61.3 585 5.5 5,811 July 2020 16,420 10,470 63.8 9,220 56.2 1,250 11.9 5,950 Mar. 2021 16,532 10,422 63.0 9,799 59.3 623 6.0 6,110 Apr. 2021 16,532 10,375 62.8 9,786 59.2 589 5.7 6,157 May 2021 16,529 10,471 63.4 9,890 59.8 581 5.5 6,057 June 2021 16,428 10,387 63.2 9,789 59.6 598 5.8 6,042 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. July 2021 16,514 10,654 64.5 10,094 61.1 559 5.3 5,861 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 July 2020 June 2021 July 2021 July 2020 Mar. 2021 Apr. 2021 May 2021 June 2021 July 2021 44,212 28,737 65.0 24,998 56.5 3,739 13.0 15,475 44,857 29,442 65.6 27,280 60.8 2,162 7.3 15,415 44,927 29,607 65.9 27,652 61.5 1,955 6.6 15,320 44,212 28,586 64.7 24,942 56.4 3,644 12.7 15,626 44,651 29,273 65.6 26,975 60.4 2,298 7.9 15,378 44,719 29,199 65.3 26,889 60.1 2,310 7.9 15,520 44,786 29,243 65.3 27,110 60.5 2,133 7.3 15,543 44,857 29,367 65.5 27,183 60.6 2,184 7.4 15,490 44,927 29,529 65.7 27,576 61.4 1,953 6.6 15,398 15,538 77.8 13,832 69.3 1,706 11.0 16,034 79.1 15,060 74.3 974 6.1 16,209 79.8 15,316 75.4 893 5.5 15,488 77.6 13,755 68.9 1,733 11.2 16,007 79.3 14,804 73.4 1,203 7.5 16,086 79.6 14,882 73.6 1,204 7.5 16,079 79.5 15,006 74.1 1,073 6.7 16,068 79.3 15,005 74.0 1,063 6.6 16,228 79.9 15,225 75.0 1,003 6.2 11,825 58.5 10,124 50.0 1,701 14.4 12,067 58.7 11,099 54.0 968 8.0 11,939 58.0 11,087 53.9 851 7.1 11,904 58.8 10,248 50.7 1,656 13.9 11,909 58.3 11,035 54.0 874 7.3 11,790 57.6 10,909 53.3 881 7.5 11,928 58.2 11,043 53.8 884 7.4 12,071 58.8 11,111 54.1 959 7.9 12,020 58.4 11,209 54.5 811 6.7 1,374 34.2 1,042 25.9 332 24.2 1,341 33.2 1,121 27.7 220 16.4 1,459 36.0 1,248 30.8 211 14.5 1,194 29.7 939 23.4 255 21.4 1,356 33.6 1,135 28.2 221 16.3 1,323 32.8 1,098 27.2 225 17.0 1,236 30.6 1,061 26.3 175 14.2 1,228 30.4 1,066 26.4 162 13.2 1,280 31.6 1,142 28.2 138 10.8 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Educational attainment July 2020 June 2021 July 2021 Seasonally adjusted July 2020 Mar. 2021 Apr. 2021 May 2021 June 2021 July 2021 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,093 44.0 6,884 37.4 1,209 14.9 9,286 44.8 8,404 40.5 882 9.5 9,046 45.7 8,214 41.5 832 9.2 8,290 45.1 7,035 38.3 1,256 15.1 8,936 44.4 8,204 40.8 731 8.2 9,020 44.2 8,185 40.1 835 9.3 8,790 42.8 7,993 38.9 797 9.1 9,142 44.1 8,210 39.6 932 10.2 9,254 46.7 8,377 42.3 877 9.5 High school graduates, no college1 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,934 55.4 30,274 49.4 3,660 10.8 34,644 55.4 32,306 51.7 2,338 6.7 34,895 55.2 32,721 51.7 2,175 6.2 34,099 55.6 30,416 49.6 3,683 10.8 34,278 54.8 31,984 51.1 2,295 6.7 34,704 55.3 32,307 51.5 2,397 6.9 34,930 55.5 32,543 51.7 2,388 6.8 34,972 55.9 32,517 52.0 2,455 7.0 34,947 55.3 32,735 51.8 2,211 6.3 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,459 63.4 32,755 57.0 3,704 10.2 36,103 63.1 34,000 59.4 2,103 5.8 35,827 62.9 33,955 59.6 1,872 5.2 36,600 63.7 32,978 57.4 3,622 9.9 35,771 63.3 33,677 59.6 2,094 5.9 35,485 63.0 33,422 59.3 2,063 5.8 35,917 63.4 33,808 59.7 2,108 5.9 36,079 63.1 33,970 59.4 2,109 5.8 35,896 63.0 34,111 59.9 1,785 5.0 Bachelor’s degree and higher2 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,410 71.6 57,072 66.6 4,338 7.1 60,014 71.8 57,872 69.2 2,142 3.6 60,526 71.9 58,438 69.4 2,089 3.5 61,810 72.1 57,671 67.3 4,139 6.7 60,835 72.0 58,612 69.4 2,224 3.7 60,804 72.2 58,662 69.6 2,142 3.5 60,727 72.5 58,802 70.2 1,925 3.2 60,483 72.3 58,392 69.8 2,091 3.5 60,927 72.4 59,027 70.1 1,900 3.1 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status, veteran status, and period of service July 2020 Men July 2021 July 2020 Women July 2021 July 2020 July 2021 VETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,450 8,853 48.0 8,153 44.2 699 7.9 9,597 18,793 8,991 47.8 8,635 45.9 356 4.0 9,802 16,546 7,838 47.4 7,247 43.8 591 7.5 8,708 16,778 7,886 47.0 7,562 45.1 324 4.1 8,892 1,904 1,015 53.3 906 47.6 108 10.7 889 2,015 1,105 54.8 1,073 53.2 32 2.9 910 Gulf War-era II veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,572 3,600 78.7 3,304 72.3 296 8.2 972 4,816 3,792 78.7 3,637 75.5 155 4.1 1,024 3,806 3,132 82.3 2,873 75.5 259 8.3 674 3,979 3,219 80.9 3,080 77.4 138 4.3 761 765 468 61.1 431 56.2 37 7.9 298 836 573 68.5 557 66.6 16 2.9 263 Gulf War-era I veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,993 2,257 75.4 2,099 70.1 158 7.0 736 3,175 2,329 73.3 2,255 71.0 74 3.2 846 2,495 1,924 77.1 1,810 72.5 114 5.9 571 2,672 2,014 75.4 1,950 73.0 65 3.2 657 499 333 66.8 289 58.0 44 13.2 166 504 315 62.5 305 60.6 10 3.0 189 World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,809 1,189 17.5 1,091 16.0 98 8.3 5,620 6,674 1,054 15.8 992 14.9 62 5.9 5,620 6,571 1,159 17.6 1,074 16.3 85 7.4 5,412 6,415 999 15.6 938 14.6 62 6.2 5,416 238 31 12.8 18 7.4 13 – 207 259 54 20.9 54 20.9 0 – 205 Veterans of other service periods Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,076 1,807 44.3 1,660 40.7 147 8.1 2,269 4,128 1,817 44.0 1,752 42.4 65 3.6 2,311 3,674 1,623 44.2 1,490 40.6 133 8.2 2,051 3,712 1,654 44.6 1,595 43.0 59 3.6 2,058 402 184 45.7 169 42.1 14 7.9 218 416 163 39.3 157 37.8 6 3.9 253 NONVETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233,036 149,881 64.3 134,215 57.6 15,667 10.5 83,154 234,219 151,066 64.5 142,554 60.9 8,512 5.6 83,153 104,921 76,557 73.0 69,143 65.9 7,414 9.7 28,364 105,435 77,486 73.5 73,184 69.4 4,303 5.6 27,949 128,115 73,325 57.2 65,072 50.8 8,252 11.3 54,790 128,784 73,580 57.1 69,370 53.9 4,210 5.7 55,204 NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). Updated population controls introduced with the release of January 2021 data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Persons with a disability Employment status, sex, and age July 2020 July 2021 Persons with no disability July 2020 July 2021 TOTAL, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population..................................................... . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 28,980 5,862 20.2 5,025 17.3 837 14.3 23,118 31,650 6,743 21.3 5,925 18.7 819 12.1 24,907 231,392 155,512 67.2 139,467 60.3 16,045 10.3 75,880 229,819 156,074 67.9 147,671 64.3 8,403 5.4 73,745 Men, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 2,589 35.5 2,256 31.0 334 12.9 4,698 2,928 37.5 2,587 33.1 342 11.7 4,890 77,256 82.1 69,751 74.1 7,505 9.7 16,822 77,987 83.5 73,816 79.1 4,171 5.3 15,388 Women, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 2,180 30.4 1,807 25.2 372 17.1 4,985 2,692 33.0 2,325 28.5 367 13.6 5,461 68,841 70.8 61,163 62.9 7,678 11.2 28,374 68,907 71.8 65,107 67.9 3,799 5.5 27,023 Both sexes, 65 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 1,093 7.5 962 6.6 131 12.0 13,435 1,123 7.2 1,013 6.5 110 9.8 14,555 9,415 23.5 8,553 21.3 863 9.2 30,684 9,180 22.7 8,748 21.6 433 4.7 31,335 NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status and nativity July 2020 Men July 2021 July 2020 Women July 2021 July 2020 July 2021 Foreign born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed......................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 42,079 27,349 65.0 23,946 56.9 3,404 12.4 14,730 42,818 27,712 64.7 26,216 61.2 1,496 5.4 15,106 20,322 15,532 76.4 13,867 68.2 1,666 10.7 4,789 20,769 15,885 76.5 15,053 72.5 831 5.2 4,884 21,757 11,817 54.3 10,079 46.3 1,738 14.7 9,940 22,049 11,827 53.6 11,163 50.6 665 5.6 10,222 Native born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed......................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 218,294 134,025 61.4 120,546 55.2 13,479 10.1 84,269 218,651 135,105 61.8 127,380 58.3 7,725 5.7 83,546 105,622 70,153 66.4 63,508 60.1 6,644 9.5 35,469 105,730 70,839 67.0 66,865 63.2 3,974 5.6 34,891 112,672 63,872 56.7 57,038 50.6 6,834 10.7 48,799 112,921 64,266 56.9 60,515 53.6 3,751 5.8 48,655 NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Category CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government.................................... . Private industries.............................. . Private households. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other industries............................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2 All industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Seasonally adjusted July 2020 June 2021 July 2021 July 2020 Mar. 2021 Apr. 2021 May 2021 June 2021 July 2021 2,271 1,518 714 39 142,221 133,575 19,614 113,961 708 113,253 8,564 82 2,399 1,637 730 31 149,885 140,511 20,280 120,230 654 119,576 9,303 71 2,401 1,636 740 24 151,195 141,412 19,923 121,489 679 120,810 9,716 67 2,158 1,470 682 – 141,455 132,763 20,479 112,420 – 111,741 8,462 – 2,228 1,518 635 – 148,598 139,382 20,644 118,616 – 117,896 9,241 – 2,292 1,527 688 – 148,942 139,825 20,410 119,548 – 118,995 8,962 – 2,293 1,534 737 – 149,397 139,799 20,454 119,449 – 118,901 9,265 – 2,318 1,604 692 – 149,329 139,873 20,578 119,460 – 118,948 9,146 – 2,305 1,584 708 – 150,481 140,487 20,761 119,955 – 119,334 9,571 – 8,572 7,280 1,034 16,384 4,837 3,513 1,051 19,453 4,605 2,997 1,149 18,660 8,400 7,228 1,016 17,773 5,826 4,629 984 19,102 5,243 3,997 974 19,057 5,271 4,069 966 19,160 4,627 3,430 1,007 20,337 4,483 2,965 1,116 20,087 8,521 7,239 1,026 15,998 4,776 3,474 1,037 19,113 4,526 2,953 1,127 18,310 8,336 7,177 1,013 17,383 5,804 4,592 982 18,726 5,178 3,949 970 18,713 5,231 4,039 963 18,774 4,544 3,381 996 19,982 4,351 2,908 1,099 19,736 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. 3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. 4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Characteristic Seasonally adjusted July 2020 June 2021 July 2021 July 2020 Mar. 2021 Apr. 2021 May 2021 June 2021 July 2021 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,492 5,353 2,124 3,229 139,139 12,154 126,985 92,504 31,962 31,215 29,327 34,481 152,283 5,952 2,197 3,755 146,331 13,749 132,582 97,028 34,196 32,528 30,305 35,554 153,596 6,403 2,407 3,996 147,193 13,865 133,327 97,586 34,421 32,740 30,426 35,741 143,777 4,333 1,687 2,621 139,443 11,643 127,880 93,158 32,168 31,429 29,561 34,722 150,848 5,142 1,923 3,256 145,706 13,150 132,492 96,856 34,099 32,406 30,351 35,636 151,176 5,398 2,057 3,337 145,778 13,118 132,540 96,952 34,319 32,407 30,226 35,588 151,620 5,468 2,080 3,380 146,151 13,157 132,898 97,172 34,406 32,491 30,275 35,726 151,602 5,240 1,952 3,287 146,362 13,399 133,068 97,331 34,284 32,612 30,436 35,737 152,645 5,369 1,971 3,378 147,277 13,342 134,135 98,131 34,589 32,923 30,620 36,003 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,375 2,619 985 1,634 74,756 6,347 68,409 49,744 17,062 16,911 15,771 18,665 80,994 3,016 1,107 1,909 77,978 6,956 71,022 51,861 18,162 17,664 16,035 19,161 81,918 3,220 1,172 2,047 78,698 7,074 71,624 52,327 18,507 17,750 16,069 19,297 76,256 2,083 752 1,313 74,173 5,975 68,333 49,698 17,054 16,882 15,762 18,634 79,681 2,488 879 1,632 77,194 6,711 70,499 51,542 18,229 17,468 15,845 18,957 80,017 2,669 970 1,680 77,348 6,770 70,562 51,616 18,339 17,477 15,801 18,946 80,062 2,722 1,013 1,707 77,340 6,719 70,798 51,664 18,352 17,525 15,787 19,134 80,176 2,631 942 1,679 77,545 6,737 70,955 51,804 18,167 17,616 16,021 19,150 80,712 2,670 944 1,720 78,041 6,713 71,479 52,220 18,472 17,707 16,041 19,259 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,117 2,734 1,139 1,595 64,384 5,807 58,577 42,761 14,900 14,304 13,557 15,816 71,289 2,936 1,091 1,845 68,353 6,793 61,560 45,167 16,034 14,864 14,269 16,393 71,678 3,183 1,235 1,949 68,494 6,791 61,703 45,259 15,913 14,990 14,356 16,444 67,520 2,250 935 1,308 65,270 5,668 59,548 43,460 15,114 14,547 13,799 16,088 71,167 2,654 1,044 1,624 68,513 6,440 61,993 45,314 15,870 14,938 14,506 16,679 71,159 2,729 1,087 1,656 68,430 6,348 61,978 45,336 15,980 14,930 14,425 16,642 71,557 2,746 1,067 1,673 68,811 6,438 62,100 45,508 16,054 14,966 14,488 16,592 71,426 2,609 1,010 1,608 68,817 6,662 62,113 45,527 16,117 14,995 14,415 16,587 71,934 2,698 1,027 1,658 69,235 6,629 62,655 45,911 16,116 15,216 14,579 16,744 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,615 33,934 8,602 43,533 34,400 9,635 43,622 34,394 9,520 43,817 34,775 – 43,695 34,910 – 43,805 35,013 – 43,647 34,950 – 43,533 34,891 – 43,823 35,208 – FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,198 23,294 127,156 25,127 128,863 24,732 119,962 23,941 125,803 25,078 126,161 25,024 126,384 25,202 126,201 25,610 127,466 25,360 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,569 4.5 6,987 4.6 7,013 4.6 6,597 4.6 6,817 4.5 6,916 4.6 7,269 4.8 7,109 4.7 7,026 4.6 SELF-EMPLOYMENT Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,279 9,278 6,210 10,033 6,144 10,456 – 9,143 – 9,876 – 9,651 – 10,002 – 9,837 – 10,279 1 Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. 2 Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. 3 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 4 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates July 2020 June 2021 July 2021 July 2020 Mar. 2021 Apr. 2021 May 2021 June 2021 July 2021 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,308 1,024 363 655 15,284 2,572 12,667 9,319 4,097 2,738 2,484 3,319 9,484 577 208 367 8,907 1,339 7,525 5,662 2,370 1,816 1,476 1,853 8,702 569 211 352 8,132 1,331 6,768 5,077 2,252 1,610 1,215 1,649 10.2 19.1 17.7 20.0 9.9 18.1 9.0 9.1 11.3 8.0 7.8 8.7 6.0 13.0 12.6 13.3 5.8 10.3 5.3 5.5 6.7 5.1 4.5 4.5 6.1 12.3 11.3 13.0 5.8 10.5 5.3 5.5 6.4 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.8 9.6 8.9 9.5 5.6 10.1 5.1 5.2 5.8 5.0 4.8 4.9 5.9 9.9 9.6 10.1 5.7 9.1 5.4 5.5 6.5 5.3 4.6 4.9 5.4 9.6 9.7 9.4 5.2 9.1 4.8 4.9 6.1 4.7 3.8 4.4 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,278 590 225 356 7,688 1,267 6,380 4,791 2,240 1,418 1,132 1,589 5,144 275 111 162 4,869 769 4,069 3,095 1,372 937 786 974 4,795 311 106 201 4,484 778 3,661 2,778 1,231 867 680 883 9.8 22.1 23.0 21.3 9.4 17.5 8.5 8.8 11.6 7.8 6.7 7.9 6.2 15.4 14.0 16.1 5.8 10.9 5.2 5.5 6.7 5.1 4.5 4.5 6.3 13.3 11.5 14.1 6.1 11.5 5.5 5.5 6.7 4.6 5.2 5.2 6.0 10.1 8.0 11.2 5.9 10.9 5.3 5.5 6.2 5.2 5.0 4.6 6.0 9.5 10.5 8.8 5.9 10.2 5.4 5.6 7.0 5.0 4.7 4.8 5.6 10.4 10.1 10.5 5.4 10.4 4.9 5.1 6.2 4.7 4.1 4.4 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,030 434 138 298 7,596 1,304 6,287 4,529 1,857 1,320 1,352 1,712 4,340 302 98 205 4,038 570 3,456 2,567 998 879 690 874 3,906 258 105 151 3,648 553 3,107 2,300 1,021 743 535 749 10.6 16.2 12.8 18.6 10.4 18.7 9.5 9.4 10.9 8.3 8.9 9.6 5.9 10.7 11.5 10.3 5.7 9.5 5.3 5.5 6.8 5.2 4.5 4.6 5.8 11.2 11.1 11.8 5.6 9.3 5.2 5.4 6.2 5.3 4.5 4.9 5.5 9.0 9.7 7.7 5.4 9.2 4.9 4.9 5.4 4.7 4.5 5.0 5.7 10.4 8.8 11.3 5.5 7.9 5.3 5.3 5.8 5.5 4.6 5.0 5.2 8.7 9.3 8.3 5.0 7.7 4.7 4.8 6.0 4.7 3.5 4.3 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,870 3,279 1,216 1,705 1,339 848 1,547 1,197 886 6.1 8.6 12.4 3.2 3.8 8.0 3.8 3.8 7.3 3.5 3.7 6.6 3.8 3.7 8.1 3.4 3.3 8.5 FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,880 3,436 8,025 1,464 7,367 1,343 9.7 12.6 6.1 5.8 6.1 5.7 5.8 5.1 6.0 5.4 5.5 5.0 1 Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. 2 Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Reason July 2020 June 2021 Seasonally adjusted July 2021 July 2020 Mar. 2021 Apr. 2021 May 2021 June 2021 July 2021 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Permanent job losers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 13,079 9,444 3,635 2,862 773 614 2,448 741 5,706 1,796 3,910 3,159 751 919 2,499 760 5,135 1,455 3,680 2,927 753 967 2,447 672 12,891 9,230 3,662 2,843 818 579 2,315 513 6,226 2,026 4,200 3,432 768 777 2,253 497 6,387 2,114 4,273 3,529 744 824 2,072 625 5,841 1,823 4,019 3,234 785 778 2,149 525 5,787 1,811 3,976 3,187 789 942 2,298 494 4,960 1,239 3,721 2,930 791 930 2,287 463 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 77.5 55.9 21.5 3.6 14.5 4.4 57.7 18.2 39.6 9.3 25.3 7.7 55.7 15.8 39.9 10.5 26.5 7.3 79.1 56.6 22.5 3.6 14.2 3.1 63.8 20.8 43.1 8.0 23.1 5.1 64.5 21.3 43.1 8.3 20.9 6.3 62.9 19.6 43.2 8.4 23.1 5.7 60.8 19.0 41.8 9.9 24.1 5.2 57.4 14.3 43.1 10.8 26.5 5.4 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 8.1 0.4 1.5 0.5 3.5 0.6 1.5 0.5 3.2 0.6 1.5 0.4 8.1 0.4 1.4 0.3 3.9 0.5 1.4 0.3 4.0 0.5 1.3 0.4 3.6 0.5 1.3 0.3 3.6 0.6 1.4 0.3 3.1 0.6 1.4 0.3 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Duration July 2020 June 2021 July 2021 Seasonally adjusted July 2020 Mar. 2021 Apr. 2021 May 2021 June 2021 July 2021 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,430 5,556 7,896 6,328 1,569 2,709 1,980 5,195 1,276 3,918 2,534 2,165 4,522 1,019 3,503 3,188 5,175 7,971 6,488 1,483 2,177 1,941 5,609 1,391 4,218 2,414 1,939 5,386 1,203 4,183 2,023 2,126 5,013 1,262 3,752 1,981 2,166 5,314 1,329 3,985 2,257 1,861 4,599 1,174 3,425 Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.1 13.7 29.8 17.6 28.3 13.9 17.3 15.1 29.7 19.7 28.8 19.8 29.9 19.3 31.6 19.8 29.5 15.2 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.3 32.9 46.8 37.5 9.3 27.4 20.0 52.6 12.9 39.6 27.5 23.5 49.0 11.1 38.0 19.5 31.7 48.8 39.7 9.1 22.4 20.0 57.7 14.3 43.4 24.8 19.9 55.3 12.4 43.0 22.1 23.2 54.7 13.8 40.9 20.9 22.9 56.2 14.0 42.1 25.9 21.3 52.8 13.5 39.3 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Employed Occupation Total, 16 years and over1............................................ . Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Management, business, and financial operations occupations.................................................... . Professional and related occupations......................... . Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and related occupations................................. . Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations....................................................... . Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Production, transportation, and material moving occupations....................................................... . Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Unemployment rates Unemployed July 2020 July 2021 July 2020 July 2021 July 2020 July 2021 144,492 62,494 153,596 64,179 16,882 4,400 9,221 2,203 10.5 6.6 5.7 3.3 26,928 35,566 21,929 29,472 14,234 15,238 28,000 36,180 25,695 29,527 14,378 15,149 1,460 2,940 4,249 3,384 1,734 1,650 753 1,450 2,053 1,748 916 832 5.1 7.6 16.2 10.3 10.9 9.8 2.6 3.9 7.4 5.6 6.0 5.2 13,183 983 7,675 4,524 14,549 1,129 8,312 5,107 1,339 78 876 386 957 116 660 180 9.2 7.3 10.2 7.9 6.2 9.3 7.4 3.4 17,414 7,315 10,100 19,646 8,254 11,392 2,753 928 1,825 1,559 490 1,070 13.7 11.3 15.3 7.4 5.6 8.6 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Industry and class of worker Total, 16 years and over1............................................................... . Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................................... . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing....................................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services.............................................. . Education and health services.................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government workers.................................................................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates July 2020 July 2021 July 2020 July 2021 16,882 13,460 110 870 1,306 796 510 1,924 1,067 311 463 1,340 1,920 3,456 691 88 1,792 800 9,221 7,019 68 592 613 355 259 1,216 543 146 295 910 1,067 1,250 319 131 853 546 10.5 10.6 15.6 8.9 8.6 8.4 9.0 9.7 13.8 12.3 4.7 7.6 8.0 25.0 10.6 5.7 8.4 7.8 5.7 5.5 8.9 6.1 4.2 3.8 4.8 6.0 6.8 5.6 3.0 5.1 4.4 9.0 4.9 7.6 4.1 4.9 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent] Not seasonally adjusted Measure U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force.................................... . Seasonally adjusted July 2020 June 2021 July 2021 July 2020 Mar. 2021 Apr. 2021 May 2021 June 2021 July 2021 4.9 3.2 2.8 5.0 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.3 2.9 8.1 3.5 3.2 8.1 3.9 4.0 3.6 3.6 3.1 10.5 6.1 5.7 10.2 6.0 6.1 5.8 5.9 5.4 10.8 6.5 6.0 10.6 6.4 6.4 6.1 6.2 5.7 11.6 7.2 6.8 11.3 7.1 7.2 6.9 6.9 6.5 16.8 10.1 9.6 16.5 10.7 10.4 10.2 9.8 9.2 NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Category July 2020 Men July 2021 July 2020 Women July 2021 July 2020 July 2021 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marginally attached to the labor force1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers2........................................ . Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . . 98,998 8,003 2,027 701 1,326 98,653 6,818 1,923 539 1,383 40,258 3,728 1,088 426 662 39,776 3,178 1,040 339 701 58,740 4,275 938 274 664 58,877 3,639 883 200 683 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders4............................................ . Percent of total employed......................................... . Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both full time...................... . Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,569 4.5 3,702 1,495 330 981 7,013 4.6 3,904 1,631 401 1,023 3,353 4.3 2,136 485 206 507 3,481 4.2 2,093 558 248 550 3,215 4.8 1,567 1,010 125 474 3,532 4.9 1,811 1,073 153 473 1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. 2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonally adjusted July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p 139,107 118,797 20,130 145,355 123,406 20,370 146,603 124,915 20,634 146,470 125,694 20,724 139,566 118,010 19,827 144,940 123,296 20,335 145,878 124,065 20,380 146,821 124,768 20,424 Change from: June2021 July2021p 943 703 44 Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599 46.1 552.9 135.5 179.5 40.8 41.9 619 41.8 577.6 135.4 181.9 42.0 42.0 633 44.7 588.1 137.3 183.1 41.2 42.7 642 45.5 596.4 139.6 185.9 41.2 42.9 593 45.2 548.1 133.7 176.2 40.5 41.9 620 43.4 576.1 137.0 180.9 42.3 42.0 631 44.8 586.0 137.4 181.3 41.6 42.6 637 44.6 592.8 138.1 181.9 41.0 42.9 6 -0.2 6.8 0.7 0.6 -0.6 0.3 96.8 237.9 97.9 260.3 99.2 267.7 101.8 270.9 93.9 238.2 96.6 258.2 97.1 267.3 98.0 272.8 0.9 5.5 Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 7,424 1,640.6 829.8 810.8 1,083.1 4,699.9 2,113.1 2,586.8 7,476 1,683.8 869.6 814.2 1,084.0 4,708.5 2,168.6 2,539.9 7,592 1,714.6 884.0 830.6 1,098.2 4,779.2 2,208.3 2,570.9 7,641 1,736.5 899.2 837.3 1,097.0 4,807.8 2,213.6 2,594.2 7,197 1,599.9 814.2 785.7 1,029.0 4,568.1 2,053.8 2,514.3 7,415 1,684.0 869.7 814.3 1,058.7 4,672.4 2,147.9 2,524.5 7,410 1,690.1 874.2 815.9 1,045.2 4,674.5 2,157.2 2,517.3 7,421 1,695.9 882.5 813.4 1,043.1 4,682.0 2,157.2 2,524.8 11 5.8 8.3 -2.5 -2.1 7.5 0.0 7.5 Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Semiconductors and electronic components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . Transportation equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,107 12,275 12,409 12,441 12,037 12,300 12,339 12,366 27 7,523 390.5 401.8 345.6 1,370.5 1,047.0 1,071.9 161.7 84.9 7,628 399.7 396.8 350.1 1,401.2 1,069.1 1,082.5 164.6 85.6 7,719 405.6 401.5 354.9 1,416.1 1,074.6 1,089.6 165.6 86.5 7,710 409.0 403.1 354.9 1,416.6 1,079.4 1,089.5 165.7 86.3 7,502 387.3 395.0 345.3 1,362.7 1,042.0 1,066.9 162.2 85.0 7,632 400.8 393.0 350.1 1,399.7 1,069.1 1,085.0 164.8 85.9 7,669 403.6 394.1 352.0 1,405.1 1,067.6 1,085.1 165.1 86.2 7,689 405.0 395.9 353.9 1,409.6 1,074.4 1,084.6 165.6 86.4 20 1.4 1.8 1.9 4.5 6.8 -0.5 0.5 0.2 371.6 420.0 370.5 427.9 374.7 428.4 374.2 428.8 368.2 418.1 372.1 428.0 371.9 427.7 371.1 427.2 -0.8 -0.5 33.7 375.8 1,579.0 875.6 348.5 33.9 376.5 1,576.0 884.2 352.6 34.4 382.1 1,604.2 901.1 361.0 34.5 383.6 1,581.2 879.7 361.9 33.5 373.9 1,591.8 894.7 345.8 34.2 377.9 1,579.0 891.5 353.2 34.2 381.5 1,595.0 894.2 360.8 34.3 381.7 1,593.5 895.0 360.4 0.1 0.2 -1.5 0.8 -0.4 592.2 623.9 629.2 630.9 591.4 624.3 624.3 629.8 5.5 4,584 1,623.7 91.1 102.4 84.8 356.5 367.7 106.6 841.4 708.1 4,647 1,615.7 96.6 107.2 92.6 350.6 373.6 101.9 853.3 729.9 4,690 1,635.2 97.9 107.0 94.1 353.4 375.2 102.2 859.6 730.0 4,731 1,664.2 98.6 107.7 92.1 354.2 374.5 103.2 862.5 731.6 4,535 1,597.0 91.1 101.1 85.3 353.7 367.3 102.8 838.3 702.5 4,668 1,636.8 96.3 107.1 92.3 351.1 374.8 100.8 854.1 727.9 4,670 1,633.6 97.5 107.1 92.9 352.3 374.6 100.0 856.2 725.9 4,677 1,637.6 97.9 106.6 92.2 351.7 374.0 99.6 858.8 726.2 7 4.0 0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 2.6 0.3 302.1 325.7 335.1 342.3 295.5 326.6 329.5 332.7 3.2 Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,667 103,036 104,281 104,970 98,183 102,961 103,685 104,344 659 Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,154 27,029 27,305 27,315 26,205 27,205 27,324 27,371 47 Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 5,563.3 3,050.3 2,037.9 5,680.5 3,117.7 2,085.9 5,728.7 3,143.2 2,110.3 5,734.2 3,146.8 2,107.3 5,537.4 3,038.0 2,025.7 5,679.7 3,120.5 2,081.7 5,706.9 3,133.2 2,098.2 5,709.7 3,135.3 2,097.8 2.8 2.1 -0.4 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p Seasonally adjusted July 2021p July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p Change from: June2021 July2021p Wholesale trade - Continued Electronic markets and agents and brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475.1 476.9 475.2 480.1 473.7 477.5 475.5 476.6 1.1 Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . . Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . Building material and garden supply stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters. . . . . Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,748.0 1,888.9 1,190.1 153.5 545.3 394.6 392.1 15,164.0 1,979.9 1,248.3 169.4 562.2 442.9 414.3 15,325.7 1,991.3 1,255.1 172.7 563.5 444.9 407.2 15,343.1 1,992.2 1,254.3 172.3 565.6 442.9 409.4 14,742.9 1,873.0 1,186.3 144.5 542.1 399.5 403.4 15,272.5 1,973.3 1,248.3 162.9 562.1 448.3 419.7 15,345.0 1,980.9 1,254.5 163.2 563.2 448.7 418.5 15,339.5 1,977.0 1,250.9 163.2 562.9 447.9 420.8 -5.5 -3.9 -3.6 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 2.3 1,401.7 3,128.9 924.9 932.3 915.8 1,434.3 3,092.3 1,005.6 939.2 991.3 1,462.6 3,112.7 1,001.5 956.9 1,016.6 1,402.5 3,115.2 998.7 970.5 1,050.6 1,361.9 3,106.5 929.0 921.7 921.0 1,384.7 3,102.3 1,007.3 939.4 1,030.9 1,398.9 3,095.7 1,003.4 944.5 1,045.0 1,365.1 3,093.7 1,002.0 958.9 1,051.0 -33.8 -2.0 -1.4 14.4 6.0 435.6 3,008.1 920.5 471.0 2,975.1 948.1 479.0 3,011.9 962.0 486.0 3,014.0 965.1 445.3 3,062.8 959.5 484.2 3,060.7 989.9 488.9 3,084.0 1,002.2 491.3 3,083.8 1,002.4 2.4 -0.2 0.2 2,087.6 748.3 576.8 2,027.0 813.2 604.9 2,049.9 830.6 610.5 2,048.9 843.2 617.9 2,103.3 735.7 583.1 2,070.8 806.9 614.8 2,081.8 817.4 619.1 2,081.4 824.0 624.0 -0.4 6.6 4.9 Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transit and ground passenger transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,300.6 403.9 144.9 60.3 1,455.1 5,646.3 426.6 143.4 60.4 1,479.2 5,709.2 436.7 143.8 62.0 1,503.1 5,695.8 441.4 143.8 62.0 1,512.8 5,385.2 399.4 144.8 58.0 1,435.6 5,713.2 425.2 143.9 59.7 1,482.0 5,732.8 432.8 144.4 60.0 1,488.4 5,782.5 436.4 143.6 59.7 1,491.8 49.7 3.6 -0.8 -0.3 3.4 265.0 50.9 27.0 675.3 915.5 1,302.7 403.7 49.1 30.3 702.2 956.5 1,394.9 382.4 49.3 38.1 711.3 974.0 1,408.5 341.9 49.4 39.3 718.6 969.1 1,417.5 328.7 50.9 20.7 674.3 960.0 1,312.8 385.9 49.1 27.9 704.9 1,020.1 1,414.5 387.2 49.2 30.2 711.2 998.3 1,431.1 406.0 49.3 30.1 717.4 1,006.4 1,441.8 18.8 0.1 -0.1 6.2 8.1 10.7 Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542.5 538.0 540.9 541.9 539.5 539.3 538.9 538.8 -0.1 Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . Motion picture and sound recording industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing, hosting and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,606 750.1 2,706 768.2 2,722 775.8 2,760 780.0 2,592 744.6 2,714 773.7 2,718 772.0 2,742 773.9 24 1.9 215.9 238.9 689.7 291.9 239.9 672.5 296.1 236.3 669.2 316.2 234.7 673.5 210.7 239.5 688.8 288.7 240.6 676.1 290.7 238.0 673.1 308.5 236.8 673.3 17.8 -1.2 0.2 356.0 355.8 361.6 371.9 369.7 375.2 373.9 381.5 355.1 353.3 361.7 373.2 369.9 374.1 371.7 378.1 1.8 4.0 Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . Credit intermediation and related activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . . Activities related to credit intermediation.. . Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,709 6,499.9 20.6 8,784 6,520.4 20.1 8,843 6,540.2 20.3 8,887 6,553.1 20.7 8,646 6,480.3 20.3 8,806 6,539.6 20.2 8,805 6,534.9 20.3 8,827 6,539.2 20.3 22 4.3 0.0 2,652.0 1,774.0 1,389.4 574.6 303.4 2,659.0 1,731.0 1,344.8 608.1 319.9 2,664.6 1,734.2 1,346.1 611.8 318.6 2,671.7 1,733.7 1,344.3 614.4 323.6 2,643.4 1,765.3 1,382.4 573.6 304.5 2,664.0 1,731.7 1,343.5 609.8 322.5 2,662.3 1,727.5 1,341.8 613.2 321.6 2,667.6 1,726.6 1,339.0 616.0 325.0 5.3 -0.9 -2.8 2.8 3.4 971.3 2,856.0 2,208.7 1,694.9 985.5 2,855.8 2,263.1 1,734.9 992.7 2,862.6 2,303.0 1,763.5 998.3 2,862.4 2,333.5 1,777.8 964.8 2,851.8 2,165.2 1,670.5 990.3 2,865.1 2,266.5 1,740.1 990.2 2,862.1 2,269.8 1,747.1 990.7 2,860.6 2,287.6 1,752.5 0.5 -1.5 17.8 5.4 See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p Seasonally adjusted July 2021p July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p Change from: June2021 July2021p Real estate and rental and leasing Continued Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 490.8 23.0 506.2 22.0 516.9 22.6 533.1 22.6 472.3 22.4 504.2 22.2 500.5 22.2 513.0 22.1 12.5 -0.1 Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer systems design and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scientific research and development services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Other professional and technical services. . . Management of companies and enterprises. . . Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . . Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Travel arrangement and reservation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investigation and security services. . . . . . . . Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Waste management and remediation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,856 9,314.6 1,117.0 934.4 1,510.6 129.4 20,759 9,699.0 1,128.7 1,013.0 1,551.4 138.6 20,943 9,772.7 1,144.4 1,000.8 1,575.1 140.5 21,084 9,882.9 1,147.1 1,010.3 1,593.9 143.4 19,715 9,292.5 1,108.7 996.1 1,481.8 129.5 20,778 9,753.1 1,131.5 1,051.8 1,553.9 138.2 20,853 9,786.5 1,135.1 1,054.6 1,556.6 139.6 20,913 9,829.2 1,138.4 1,063.0 1,561.2 141.7 60 42.7 3.3 8.4 4.6 2.1 2,175.1 2,239.3 2,248.8 2,287.5 2,149.7 2,243.6 2,248.9 2,254.1 5.2 1,508.5 1,605.2 1,616.4 1,635.0 1,501.6 1,609.8 1,615.6 1,623.9 8.3 764.2 439.8 735.6 2,329.9 8,211.6 7,766.7 523.1 156.7 2,798.0 2,230.7 769.5 807.9 440.4 774.5 2,327.3 8,733.0 8,286.1 551.4 151.8 3,245.3 2,615.4 775.5 823.0 445.2 778.5 2,345.4 8,825.2 8,372.3 553.9 148.5 3,285.2 2,644.5 768.6 831.0 446.4 788.3 2,347.3 8,853.3 8,397.5 557.2 148.6 3,289.8 2,649.2 765.8 754.4 437.4 733.5 2,308.4 8,114.4 7,677.9 522.2 156.9 2,828.4 2,280.6 780.5 809.8 440.7 773.8 2,329.1 8,696.1 8,249.4 550.1 151.6 3,275.6 2,647.3 785.8 816.3 443.9 775.9 2,328.8 8,738.1 8,290.9 550.2 149.3 3,318.3 2,682.3 780.2 822.0 443.9 781.0 2,325.4 8,758.3 8,310.8 554.2 148.9 3,324.7 2,692.0 776.5 5.7 0.0 5.1 -3.4 20.2 19.9 4.0 -0.4 6.4 9.7 -3.7 157.4 883.9 2,191.2 286.9 152.4 905.2 2,204.6 299.9 155.3 910.3 2,243.8 306.7 159.3 906.7 2,261.1 309.0 155.3 885.4 2,061.5 287.7 151.1 904.5 2,131.5 299.2 152.6 910.4 2,128.2 301.7 157.1 908.3 2,129.7 311.4 4.5 -2.1 1.5 9.7 444.9 446.9 452.9 455.8 436.5 446.7 447.2 447.5 0.3 Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices of other health practitioners. . . . . Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . . Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Other ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . . Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mental health facilities. . . . . . Community care facilities for the elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . . Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Emergency and other relief services. . . . . . Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . . Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,590 3,102.6 19,487.4 15,703.5 7,430.9 2,590.6 936.8 898.3 959.7 276.3 1,467.7 23,525 3,514.9 20,010.2 15,948.2 7,799.8 2,691.4 1,011.5 976.6 1,003.2 295.5 1,505.9 23,343 3,333.9 20,009.4 15,974.2 7,815.9 2,696.0 1,017.0 979.5 1,006.0 294.3 1,505.3 23,308 3,288.9 20,019.5 16,011.9 7,844.8 2,708.0 1,018.2 996.6 1,005.6 293.6 1,504.2 22,885 3,371.6 19,512.9 15,686.2 7,427.0 2,590.2 936.8 896.0 959.4 276.5 1,467.3 23,465 3,479.3 19,985.7 15,959.6 7,796.5 2,694.3 1,010.0 974.9 1,002.8 295.4 1,503.6 23,525 3,532.1 19,993.0 15,953.7 7,805.8 2,697.5 1,012.0 977.1 1,005.4 294.1 1,502.6 23,612 3,572.1 20,039.8 15,990.5 7,837.7 2,707.6 1,014.7 994.2 1,005.3 294.2 1,503.8 87 40.0 46.8 36.8 31.9 10.1 2.7 17.1 -0.1 0.1 1.2 301.5 5,105.4 3,167.2 1,473.7 612.9 315.7 5,129.9 3,018.5 1,371.9 603.1 317.8 5,136.5 3,021.8 1,374.1 602.0 318.6 5,152.3 3,014.8 1,374.8 597.9 300.8 5,105.9 3,153.3 1,469.7 608.6 315.5 5,140.2 3,022.9 1,375.0 603.6 317.1 5,132.8 3,015.1 1,372.4 599.5 317.9 5,151.1 3,001.7 1,370.9 593.8 0.8 18.3 -13.4 -1.5 -5.7 921.8 158.8 3,783.9 2,546.9 184.4 276.7 775.9 893.1 150.4 4,062.0 2,663.9 185.7 282.7 929.7 895.2 150.5 4,035.2 2,652.3 184.0 286.5 912.4 892.4 149.7 4,007.6 2,657.6 184.8 287.3 877.9 917.9 157.1 3,826.7 2,540.7 184.4 273.1 828.4 893.3 151.0 4,026.1 2,653.1 185.9 281.1 906.0 893.9 149.3 4,039.3 2,643.9 184.0 282.7 928.7 888.9 148.1 4,049.3 2,651.5 184.8 283.4 929.6 -5.0 -1.2 10.0 7.6 0.8 0.7 0.9 Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . 13,364 1,865.6 291.8 14,625 2,029.0 399.6 15,395 2,287.3 424.9 15,834 2,398.1 428.8 12,824 1,626.5 277.7 14,404 1,973.0 377.9 14,798 2,045.7 398.9 15,178 2,098.7 407.9 380 53.0 9.0 See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p Change from: June2021 July2021p Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 137.7 1,436.1 11,498.2 1,452.1 10,046.1 138.2 1,491.2 12,596.0 1,579.4 11,016.6 151.0 1,711.4 13,107.2 1,760.6 11,346.6 157.4 1,811.9 13,435.6 1,864.7 11,570.9 124.6 1,224.2 11,197.7 1,355.2 9,842.5 134.4 1,460.7 12,430.6 1,579.2 10,851.4 138.7 1,508.1 12,751.9 1,666.9 11,085.0 142.5 1,548.3 13,078.8 1,740.6 11,338.2 3.8 40.2 326.9 73.7 253.2 Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership associations and organizations. . . 5,388 1,270.9 1,269.9 2,847.2 5,608 1,341.7 1,374.4 2,891.7 5,730 1,355.8 1,405.6 2,968.1 5,782 1,369.0 1,419.4 2,993.2 5,316 1,262.7 1,257.6 2,795.8 5,589 1,339.0 1,361.3 2,889.0 5,662 1,347.3 1,390.5 2,923.9 5,701 1,353.9 1,405.6 2,941.0 39 6.6 15.1 17.1 Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 20,310 2,919 2,325.7 593.5 4,703 1,998.0 2,705.0 12,688 6,326.5 6,361.2 21,949 2,882 2,282.1 599.9 5,013 2,343.4 2,669.5 14,054 7,766.0 6,287.6 21,688 2,887 2,289.0 597.8 4,812 2,135.7 2,676.4 13,989 7,540.3 6,448.8 20,776 2,898 2,295.8 601.9 4,734 2,074.5 2,659.8 13,144 6,639.1 6,504.9 21,556 2,897 2,305.3 591.5 5,039 2,350.1 2,689.1 13,620 7,492.3 6,128.1 21,644 2,883 2,280.4 602.5 5,018 2,346.4 2,671.1 13,743 7,457.0 6,285.8 21,813 2,870 2,278.5 591.9 5,082 2,417.2 2,664.7 13,861 7,603.5 6,257.3 22,053 2,888 2,278.1 610.0 5,074 2,427.1 2,646.9 14,091 7,824.2 6,266.3 240 18 -0.4 18.1 -8 9.9 -17.8 230 220.7 9.0 Industry Arts, entertainment, and recreation Continued 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. 2 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 34.6 39.6 44.1 38.9 39.8 40.0 39.4 33.5 34.2 38.4 30.7 38.4 42.6 36.3 37.6 36.4 33.4 25.5 32.1 34.8 40.1 45.2 39.0 40.4 40.6 40.2 33.8 34.7 39.1 31.0 39.3 42.7 37.3 37.6 36.7 33.3 26.5 32.3 34.8 39.9 45.4 38.6 40.3 40.4 40.1 33.8 34.6 39.1 30.9 39.1 42.7 37.2 37.6 36.7 33.3 26.5 32.2 34.8 40.1 45.1 38.9 40.5 40.7 40.2 33.7 34.5 39.3 30.8 38.7 42.8 37.3 37.6 36.7 33.3 26.6 32.1 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.................................................................. . 2.9 2.7 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.4 Industry p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities.................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services.................... . Leisure and hospitality............................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $29.37 30.05 34.84 31.74 28.81 30.22 26.42 29.20 25.30 32.42 20.99 25.36 43.62 44.09 37.77 35.13 28.55 16.92 26.72 $30.31 30.87 34.99 32.75 29.54 31.06 27.04 30.18 26.16 33.45 21.85 26.15 44.61 44.16 40.11 36.46 29.49 18.06 27.21 $30.43 30.96 35.14 32.86 29.62 31.15 27.09 30.31 26.35 33.49 21.96 26.65 44.58 44.24 40.21 36.60 29.64 18.39 27.29 $30.54 31.08 35.27 32.93 29.77 31.31 27.22 30.42 26.45 33.69 21.92 26.88 44.82 44.25 40.33 36.80 29.76 18.55 27.34 $1,016.20 1,189.98 1,536.44 1,234.69 1,146.64 1,208.80 1,040.95 978.20 865.26 1,244.93 644.39 973.82 1,858.21 1,600.47 1,420.15 1,278.73 953.57 431.46 857.71 $1,054.79 1,237.89 1,581.55 1,277.25 1,193.42 1,261.04 1,087.01 1,020.08 907.75 1,307.90 677.35 1,027.70 1,904.85 1,647.17 1,508.14 1,338.08 982.02 478.59 878.88 $1,058.96 1,235.30 1,595.36 1,268.40 1,193.69 1,258.46 1,086.31 1,024.48 911.71 1,309.46 678.56 1,042.02 1,903.57 1,645.73 1,511.90 1,343.22 987.01 487.34 878.74 $1,062.79 1,246.31 1,590.68 1,280.98 1,205.69 1,274.32 1,094.24 1,025.15 912.53 1,324.02 675.14 1,040.26 1,918.30 1,650.53 1,516.41 1,350.56 991.01 493.43 877.61 p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours1 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2 Industry July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p Percent change from: June 2021 July 2021p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.5 89.5 82.2 96.5 86.2 84.5 89.2 105.9 97.8 93.8 91.9 118.8 99.4 85.9 106.5 112.5 124.8 93.3 98.4 107.7 92.9 88.1 99.7 89.4 87.2 93.7 112.0 103.0 98.0 96.1 129.0 99.6 92.5 108.5 119.6 127.6 108.9 104.1 108.4 92.6 90.0 98.6 89.5 87.2 93.5 112.8 103.2 98.4 96.3 128.8 99.6 92.3 108.5 120.0 127.9 111.9 105.1 109.0 93.3 90.3 99.5 90.1 88.1 93.8 113.2 103.0 99.0 95.9 128.6 99.8 93.4 108.7 120.3 128.4 115.2 105.5 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.4 -0.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.2 1.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 2.9 0.4 1 July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p Percent change from: June 2021 July 2021p 143.9 121.5 114.9 133.1 115.5 113.4 119.6 150.3 133.4 127.2 127.5 153.3 143.3 134.9 156.9 160.1 171.4 127.4 144.1 156.1 129.6 123.7 141.9 122.8 120.3 128.5 164.4 145.3 137.1 138.8 171.6 146.8 145.4 169.7 176.5 181.0 158.7 155.2 157.7 129.6 127.0 140.8 123.2 120.7 128.5 166.2 146.6 137.9 139.7 174.6 146.6 145.5 170.1 177.8 182.4 166.0 157.2 159.1 131.1 127.8 142.4 124.7 122.5 129.6 167.4 147.0 139.5 139.0 175.8 147.8 147.2 171.1 179.3 183.8 172.4 158.1 0.9 1.2 0.6 1.1 1.2 1.5 0.9 0.7 0.3 1.2 -0.5 0.7 0.8 1.2 0.6 0.8 0.8 3.9 0.6 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees Industry July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods................................. . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................... . Information........................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................... . Government............................................ . 69,374 56,932 4,464 86 954 3,424 1,821 1,603 52,468 10,243 1,652.9 7,145.4 1,311.6 133.0 1,029 4,884 9,020 17,679 6,797 2,816 12,442 72,129 59,665 4,624 84 1,008 3,532 1,867 1,665 55,041 10,689 1,709.8 7,391.6 1,453.8 134.2 1,075 4,949 9,594 18,117 7,649 2,968 12,464 72,594 60,011 4,626 83 1,011 3,532 1,868 1,664 55,385 10,756 1,725.3 7,425.0 1,471.9 134.2 1,082 4,945 9,597 18,162 7,836 3,007 12,583 73,243 60,441 4,623 82 1,014 3,527 1,862 1,665 55,818 10,770 1,726.4 7,418.1 1,491.5 134.2 1,086 4,951 9,681 18,249 8,041 3,040 12,802 49.7 48.2 22.5 14.5 13.3 28.4 24.3 35.3 53.4 39.1 29.8 48.5 24.4 24.7 39.7 56.5 45.8 77.3 53.0 53.0 57.7 49.8 48.4 22.7 13.5 13.6 28.7 24.5 35.7 53.5 39.3 30.1 48.4 25.4 24.9 39.6 56.2 46.2 77.2 53.1 53.1 57.6 49.8 48.4 22.7 13.2 13.6 28.6 24.4 35.6 53.4 39.4 30.2 48.4 25.7 24.9 39.8 56.2 46.0 77.2 53.0 53.1 57.7 49.9 48.4 22.6 12.9 13.7 28.5 24.2 35.6 53.5 39.3 30.2 48.4 25.8 24.9 39.6 56.1 46.3 77.3 53.0 53.3 58.1 p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [In thousands] Industry July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing....................................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... . Wholesale trade.................................................................. . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing............................................... . Utilities............................................................................. . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services.............................................. . Education and health services.................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . 95,920 14,149 421 5,374 8,354 5,096 3,258 81,771 22,032 4,393.6 12,548.4 4,661.2 428.9 2,058 6,586 15,764 20,049 10,963 4,319 100,315 14,463 455 5,482 8,526 5,186 3,340 85,852 22,933 4,513.0 12,997.3 4,992.8 429.4 2,145 6,648 16,649 20,548 12,403 4,526 100,913 14,535 465 5,498 8,572 5,229 3,343 86,378 23,009 4,531.8 13,044.9 5,004.3 428.1 2,156 6,623 16,662 20,591 12,747 4,590 101,582 14,605 474 5,529 8,602 5,252 3,350 86,977 23,015 4,537.2 13,036.5 5,011.9 429.0 2,182 6,638 16,736 20,654 13,105 4,647 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 34.0 40.3 44.3 39.3 40.7 41.0 40.4 32.9 34.2 38.1 30.9 38.6 42.5 35.9 37.1 35.9 32.6 24.0 31.2 34.3 41.0 46.8 39.5 41.6 41.6 41.5 33.2 34.5 38.8 31.0 38.9 42.6 37.3 37.4 36.4 32.6 25.1 31.3 34.2 40.7 47.1 39.2 41.4 41.3 41.6 33.1 34.3 38.8 30.8 38.7 42.9 36.8 37.4 36.3 32.6 25.1 31.3 34.2 40.9 46.2 39.4 41.5 41.5 41.6 33.1 34.4 39.1 30.8 38.6 42.7 36.6 37.4 36.4 32.7 25.3 31.2 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.................................................................. . 3.7 3.7 3.7 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.0 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.1 Industry 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities.................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services.................... . Leisure and hospitality............................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $24.67 25.48 30.54 29.30 22.84 23.82 21.28 24.50 21.29 26.86 17.50 22.50 38.62 36.03 29.17 29.30 25.37 14.58 22.61 $25.60 26.32 30.94 30.32 23.60 24.62 22.00 25.45 22.20 27.51 18.42 23.60 39.70 36.83 30.44 30.40 26.56 15.84 23.13 $25.72 26.50 31.01 30.51 23.78 24.83 22.14 25.56 22.34 27.57 18.58 23.75 39.69 37.13 30.35 30.49 26.71 16.24 23.17 $25.83 26.59 31.25 30.60 23.86 24.87 22.28 25.68 22.48 27.81 18.62 23.96 39.78 37.18 30.50 30.61 26.89 16.47 23.20 $838.78 1,026.84 1,352.92 1,151.49 929.59 976.62 859.71 806.05 728.12 1,023.37 540.75 868.50 1,641.35 1,293.48 1,082.21 1,051.87 827.06 349.92 705.43 $878.08 1,079.12 1,447.99 1,197.64 981.76 1,024.19 913.00 844.94 765.90 1,067.39 571.02 918.04 1,691.22 1,373.76 1,138.46 1,106.56 865.86 397.58 723.97 $879.62 1,078.55 1,460.57 1,195.99 984.49 1,025.48 921.02 846.04 766.26 1,069.72 572.26 919.13 1,702.70 1,366.38 1,135.09 1,106.79 870.75 407.62 725.22 $883.39 1,087.53 1,443.75 1,205.64 990.19 1,032.11 926.85 850.01 773.31 1,087.37 573.50 924.86 1,698.61 1,360.79 1,140.70 1,114.20 879.30 416.69 723.84 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [2002=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours2 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3 Industry July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p Percent change from: June 2021 July 2021p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.7 87.1 99.1 105.7 78.1 78.5 77.6 114.6 105.4 99.3 98.1 136.2 93.2 84.3 115.0 126.5 139.4 96.4 94.5 114.7 90.6 113.2 108.4 81.4 81.0 81.7 121.4 110.6 103.9 102.0 147.0 93.5 91.3 117.0 135.5 142.8 114.0 99.4 115.0 90.4 116.4 107.9 81.5 81.1 81.9 121.8 110.4 104.4 101.7 146.6 93.9 90.6 116.6 135.2 143.1 117.2 100.8 115.8 91.3 116.4 109.1 81.9 81.9 82.1 122.7 110.7 105.3 101.6 146.4 93.7 91.1 116.8 136.2 144.0 121.4 101.7 0.7 1.0 0.0 1.1 0.5 1.0 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.6 3.6 0.9 1 July 2020 May 2021 June 2021p July 2021p Percent change from: June 2021 July 2021p 179.2 135.9 176.0 167.3 116.6 116.7 116.6 192.6 160.3 157.5 147.1 195.0 150.3 150.4 206.4 220.5 233.4 159.6 155.7 196.2 146.0 203.6 177.5 125.7 124.6 127.0 212.0 175.5 168.7 160.9 220.8 155.0 166.5 219.1 245.0 250.4 205.1 167.4 197.7 146.7 209.9 177.8 126.7 125.8 128.2 213.6 176.2 169.8 161.9 221.6 155.6 166.5 217.7 245.2 252.3 216.1 170.1 199.9 148.6 211.5 180.2 127.9 127.1 129.3 216.1 177.9 172.8 162.1 223.3 155.5 167.8 219.3 247.9 255.6 227.2 171.9 1.1 1.3 0.8 1.3 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.8 0.1 0.8 -0.1 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.3 5.1 1.1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
@FedFRASER