Full text of The Employment Situation : July 1986

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News—
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Technical information: (202) 523-1371
523-1944
523-1959
Media contact:
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USDL

86-321

TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS
RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL
8:30 A.M. (EDT), FRIDAY,
AUGUST 1, 1986

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: JULY 1986
Employment rose in July, and unemployment declined for the second
straight month, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of
Labor reported today. The overall unemployment rate was 6.8 percent, down
from 7.0 percent in June, while the unemployment rate for civilian workers
decreased from 7.1 to 6.9 percent.
Civilian employment—as
measured
by
the
monthly
survey
of
households—after rising sharply in June, increased by 210,000 in July to
109.9 million. Nonagricultural payroll employment—as measured by the
monthly survey of establishments—rose by 390,000; about 150,000 of this
change reflected the return to work of persons on strike in June.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
The number of unemployed persons declined by 250,000 in July to 8.2
million, after seasonal adjustment. The civilian worker unemployment rate
fell to 6.9 percent, from 7.1 percent in June and 7.3 percent in May.
Jobless rates declined over the month among adult women (to 6.1 percent),
blacks (14.0 percent), and teenagers (17.5 percent), while rates for adult
men (6.2 percent), whites (6.0 percent), and Hispanics (10.5 percent)
showed little or no change. (See tables A-2 and A-3.)
The number of workers unemployed between 5 and 14 weeks fell by
220,000 in July. Smaller changes in the other duration categories left the
average (mean) and median lengths of an unemployment spell little changed
at 15.0 and 7.1 weeks, respectively. (See table A-7.)
The number of unemployed persons on layoff remained unchanged in July,
while the number of other job losers (those who do not expect recall)
declined substantially. (See table A-8.)
The
number
of
persons
employed
part
time
for
economic
reasons—sometimes referred to as the partially unemployed—was down
markedly since May. The July decline occurred among persons who could not
find full-time work, while the drop in June took place largely among those
whose hours had been cut back due to slack work. (See table A-4.)




- 2 Civilian Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
Civilian employment rose to 109.9 million in July,
seasonally
adjusted.
As in June, most of the over-the-month increase occurred among
adult women. The proportion of the civilian population with jobs held
steady at the June record of 60.8 percent.
The number of nonfarm

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

Monthly data

Quarterly
averages

JuneJuly
change

Category
1986

1986
I

1
1

1

May

II

|

June

July

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Total employment 1/..
Civilian labor force...
Civilian employment..
Unemployment
Not in labor force
Discouraged workers..

118,718
110,460
117,027
108,768
8,259
62,798
1,097

Thousands of
119,359 119,351
110,912 110,797
117,671 117,664
109,225 109,110
8,554
8,446
62,647
62,650
N.A.
1,101

persons
119,796
111,353
118,116
109,673
8,443
62,387
N.A.

119,744
111,554
118,072
109,882
8,190
62,610
N.A.

-52
201
-44
209
-253
223
N.A.

6.8
6.9
6.2
6.1
17.5
6.0
14.0
10.5

-0.2
-.2
0
-.3
-1.6
-.1
-1.1
-.1

jobs
p99,864 pl00,253
p24,857 p24,883
p75,007 p75,370

p389
p26
p363

Percent of ].abor force
Unemployment rates:
All workers 1/
All civilian workers.

White
Black
Hispanic origin ...

7.0
7.1
6.1
6.5
18.5
6.1
14.6
10.9

7.1
7.2
6.2
6.4
19.2
6.2
14.9
10.7

7.2
7.3
6.4
6.5
19.0
6.2
14.8

7.0
7.1
6.2
6.4
19.1
6.1
15.1
10.6

11.0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Goods-producing
Service-producing....

99,403
25,028
74,375

Thousands oi
99,918
p99,855
24,965
p24,953
p74,902
74,953

Hours of work
Average weekly hours:
Total private
Overtime

34.9
40.7
3.4

P 34.8

p40.7
p3.4

J/ Includes the resident Armed Forces.
p=preliminary.



34.8
40.7
3.4

p34.7
p40.6
p3.4

p34.6
p40.6
p3.4

p-0.1
P0
pO

N.A.=not available.

3 self-employed workers increased by 275,000 in July, continuing increases
that have totaled one-half million since April. (See tables A-2 and A-4.)
The civilian labor force was unchanged at 118.1 million in July after
seasonal adjustment. Over the past year, the labor force has risen by 2.4
million (after adjusting for the introduction of revisions in estimating
growth in the population that took place in January). (See table A-2.)
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
The number of employees on nonagricultural payrolls rose by 390,000 in
July to 100.3 million, after seasonal adjustment. About 150,000 of this
gain, however, resulted from workers returning to their jobs following
strike
settlements.
As
has often been the case this year, the
service-producing sector and construction provided all of the growth in
employment. (See table B-1.)
In the goods-producing sector, gains in construction were countered by
weakness
in manufacturing employment.
After declining in June,
a
construction employment rebounded in July, climbing by 55,000.
Employment
in manufacturing, down by 25,000 over the month, would have declined
considerably more but for the return of striking workers, most of whom were
in electrical and electronic equipment.
Elsewhere in manufacturing,
changes were small but generally on the downside. Mining and its oil and
gas extraction component were little changed, in marked contrast to the
sharp losses over the prior 5 months.
Employment in the service-producing sector rose by 245,000, after
adjusting for returned strikers. Over the month, the largest job gain was
in services—125,000. Finance, insurance, and real estate continued to
exhibit strength with an employment increase of 35,000, and retail trade
rose by 70,000, although a small part of that increase was the result of
strikers returning to work. Employment in both transportation and public
utilities and the durable goods component of wholesale trade was little
changed, after adjusting for strike returns, and there was weakness in the
nondurable goods component of wholesale trade.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonagricultural payrolls were 34.6 in July, down 0.1 hour after
seasonal adjustment. Weekly and overtime hours in manufacturing were
unchanged at 40.6 and 3.4 hours, respectively. (See table B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonagricultural payrolls returned to the May level of
117.7 (1977=100), an over-the-month increase of 0.3 percent, after seasonal
adjustment.
Most
of
the industries were simply recouping losses
experienced in the previous month. (See table B-5.)




- 4 Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly earnings declined by 0.2 percent in July and weekly
earnings were down 0.5 percent, after adjusting for seasonality. Prior to
seasonal adjustment, average hourly earnings edged down 1 cent to $8.70,
and average weekly earnings declined by 35 cents to $303.63. Over the past
year, average hourly earnings rose 18 cents, while average weekly earnings
were up $4.58. (See table B-3.)
The Hourly Earnings Index (Establishment Survey Data)
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 169.0 (1977=100) in July,
seasonally adjusted, a decrease of 0.1 percent from June. For the 12
months ended in July, the increase was 2.4 percent. The HEI excludes the
effects of two types of changes unrelated to underlying wage rate
movements—fluctuations in manufacturing
overtime
and
interindustry
employment shifts.
In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI
increased 1.0 percent during the 12-month period ended in June. (See table
B-4.)

The Employment Situation for August 1986
September 5, at 8:30 A.M. (EDT).




will

be

released

on

Friday,

Explanatory Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys,
the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the
Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey).
The household survey provides the information on the labor
force, total employment, and unemployment that appears in
the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD D A T A . It is a sample
survey of about 59,500 households that is conducted by the
Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT D A T A . This information is collected
from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies.
The sample includes 250,000 establishments employing over 38
million people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually
collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household
survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey
week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the
pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of technical
factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a
survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each
of these factors is explained below.
Coverage, definitions, and differences
between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are selected
so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population
16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is
classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.
Those who hold more than one job are classified according to
the job at which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all
as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or
on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether they were
paid or not. People are also counted as employed if they were
on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor and management, or personal reasons. Members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their
eligibility for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if
they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the survey week; they were available for work at




that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment
sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Persons laid off from their
former jobs and awaiting recall and those expecting to report
to a job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be
counted as unemployed.
The labor force equals the sum of the number employed and
the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the
percentage of unemployed people in the labor force (civilian
plus the resident Armed Forces). Table A-5 presents a special
grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The
definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive
definition yields U-1 and the most comprehensive yields U-7.
The overall unemployment rate is U-5a, while U-5b represents
the same measure with a civilian labor force base.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only
counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the
payroll records of nonagricultural firms. As a result, there are
many differences between the two surveys, among which are
the following:
— The household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a
larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture,
the self-employed, unpaid family workers, private household workers, and
members of the resident Armed Forces;
— The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed; the establishment survey does not;
• — The household survey is limited to those 16 years of age and older; the
establishment survey is not limited by age;
— The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees working at
more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be
counted separately for each appearance.

Other differences between the two surveys are described in
* 'Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and
Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS upon
request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as
changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays; and the opening and closing of schools.
For example, the labor force increases by a large number each
June, when schools close and many young people enter the job
market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very
large; over the course of a year, for example, seasonality may
account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular
pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in economic activity or increases in the participation
of women in the labor force, easier to spot. To return to the
school's-out example, the large number of people entering the
labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined.
However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can
be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the
seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
economic activity.'
Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment
contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all
employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and
average hourly earnings include components based on the
employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the
components and combining them. The second procedure
usually yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figure
for the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted
civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed
Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally
adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and
the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of
the labor force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June period
and again for the July-December period. At the time the first
half year's factors are calculated (upon availability of data for
December), historical data for the previous 5-year period are
subject to revision. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment are calculated only once a year,
along with the introduction of new benchmarks which are
discussed at the end of the next section.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys
are subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the
number of people employed and the other estimates drawn
from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would
be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the
amount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other
factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the
chances are approximately 68 out of 100 that an estimate based
on the sample will differ by no more than the standard error




from the results of a complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will
differ by no more than 1.6 times the standard error from the
results of a complete census. At approximately the 90-percent
level of confidence—the confidence limits used by BLS in its
analyses—the error for the monthly change in total employment is on the order of plus or minus 328,000; for total
unemployment it is 220,000; and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage point. These figures do not
mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes but,
rather, that the chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that
the "true" level or rate would not be expected to differ from
the estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the
data are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or
annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the
larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the
estimate of the size of the labor force is subject to less error
than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among
the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate of
adult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for
the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly
change in the jobless rate for men is .26 percentage point; for
teenagers, it is 1.25 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most current
months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these
estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the
returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are
revised. In other words, data for the month of September are
published in preliminary form in October and November and
in final form in December. To remove errors that build up
over time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes can be
measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in
the classification of industries and allow for the formation of
new establishments.
Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide variety of data
in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by
BLS. It is available for $4.50 per issue or $31.00 per year from
the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
20204. A check or money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of
the standard errors for the household survey data published in
this release. For unemployment and other labor force
categories, the standard errors appear in tables B through J of
its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the
data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual
amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P, and Q of that publication.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the population, Including Armed Forces In the United States, by sex
(Numbers In thousands)

Seesonslly adjusted1

Not eeasonally adjusted
Employment status and sex
July
1985

June
1 986

July
1986

July
1985

Mar .
1986

Apr .
1986

May
1986

June
1986

July
1 986

TOTAL
Noninstitutional population1
Labor force1
Participation rate®
Total employed1
Employment-population ratio4
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate8
Not In labor force

179,967
119,240
66.3
1 10,558
61 . 4
1 ,704
108,854
3,711
105,144
8,682
7.3
60,727

182,183
121,324
66.6
112,549
61.8
1 ,680
110,869
3,651
107,218
8,775
7.2
60,859

182,354
121,975
66.9
113,504
62.2
1,672
111,832
3,655
108,176
8,471
6.9
60,379

179,967
1 16,976
65.0
108,575
60 . 3
1 ,704
106,871
3,120
103,751
8,401
7.2
62,991

181,678
118,900
65.4
110,481
60.8
1 ,693
1 08,788
3,285
105,503
8,419
7. 1
62,778

181,843
1 18,929
65.4
1 10,587
60.8
1 ,695
108,892
3,222
105,670
8,342
7.0
62,914

181,998
119,351
65.6
1 10,797
60.9
1 ,687
109,110
3,160
105,950
8,554
7.2
62,647

182,183
119,796
65.8
111 , 3 5 3
61.1
1 ,680
109,673
3,165
106,508
8,443
7.0
62,387

182,354
1 19,744
65.7
111t554
61.2
1,672
109,882
3,112
106,769
8 , 1 90
6.8
62,610

86,052
67,646
78.6
63,042
73.3
1 ,554
61,488
4,604
6.8

87,288
68,203
78.1
63,485
72.7
1 ,525
61 , 9 6 0
4,718
6.9

87,373
68,668
78.6
64,086
73.3
1 ,518
62,568
4,582
6.7

86,052
65,884
76.6
61 , 2 7 3
71 . 2
1 ,554
59,719
4,611
7.0

87,035
66,864
76.8
62,288
71 . 6
1 ,540
60,748
4,577
6.8

87,120
66,757
76.6
62,254
71 . 5
1 ,541
60,713
4,503
6.7

87,195
66,943
76.8
62,190
71 . 3
1 ,533
60,657
4,754
7.1

87,288
66,964
76.7
62,322
71 . 4
1 ,525
60,797
4,642
6.9

87,373
66,936
76 . 6
62,365
71 . 4
1,518
60,847
4,571
6.8

93,915
51,594
54.9
47,516
50.6
150
47,366
4,078
7.9

94,895
53,121
56.0
49,064
51 . 7
155
48,909
4,057
7.6

94,981
53,306
56.1
49,417
52.0
154
49,263
3,889
7.3

93,915
51,092
54.4
47,302
50.4
150
47,152
3,790
7.4

94,643
52,036
55.0
48,194
50.9
153
48,041
3,842
7.4

94,723
52,172
•55.1
48,333
51 . 0
154
48,179
3,839
7.4

94,803
52,408
55.3
48,608
51 . 3
154
48,454
3,800
7.3

94,895
52,832
55.7
49 , 0 3 1
51 . 7
155
48,876
3,801
7.2

94,981
52,808
55.6
49,189
51 . 8
154
49,035
3,619
6. 9

Men, 16 years and over
Noninstitutional population*
Labor force2
Participation rate*
Total employed2
Employment-population ratio4
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*

Women, 16 years and over
Noninstitutional population2
Labor force2
Participation rate®
Total employed2
Employment-population ratio4
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate8

1
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation;
therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
2
Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.




' Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
4
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutlonai population.
6
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident Armed
Forces).

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment etatue of the civilian population by eex and age
(Numbers In thousands)

Seasonally adjuated1

Not aeaaonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
July
1 985

June
1 986

July
1986

July
1 985

Mar .
1 986

Apr .
1 986

May
1 986

June
1 986

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1 . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

178,263
117,536
65.9
108,854
61 . 1
8,682
7.4

180,503
119,644
66.3
1 10,869
61 . 4
8,775
7.3

180,682
120,303
66.6
111,832
61 . 9
8,471
7.0

178,263
115,272
64.7
106,871
60.0
8,401
7.3

179,985
117,207
65. 1
108,788
60.4
8,419
7.2

180,148
1 17,234
65. 1
108,892
60.4
8,342
7.1

180,311
117,664
6E.3
109,110
60.5
8,554
7.3

180,503
118,116
65.4
109,673
60.8
8,443
7.1

77,243
60,718
78.6
57,147
74.0
2,461
54,686
3,571
5.9

78,484
61,779
78.7
58,105
74.0
2,533
55,572
3,674
5.9

78,586
61,882
78.7
58,227
74. 1
2,497
55,730
3,656
5.9

77,243
60,158
77.9
56,403
73.0
2,230
54,173
3,755
6.2

78,236
61,268
78.3
57,459
73.4
2,411
55,048
3,809

78,309
61,053
78.0
57,391
73.3
2,347
55,043
3,663

78,484
61,387
78.2
57,560
73.3
2,320
55,241
3,827

6.2

6.0

78,387
61 , 2 0 8
78.1
57,312
73. 1
2,278
55,034
3,897
6.4

86,575
46,769
54.0
43,531
50.3
720
42,811
3,238
6.9

87,547
48,510
55.4
45,408
51 . 9
679
44,730
3,101
6.4

87,629
48,517
55.4
45,408
51 . 8
733
44,675
3,109
6.4

86,575
47,190
54.5
44,070
50.9
596
43,474
3,120

87,263
47,952
55.0
44,797
51 . 3
598
44,199
3,155

6.6

6.6

87,355
48,107
55.1
45,009
51 . 5
576
44,433
3,097
6.4

87,444
48,409
55.4
45,284
51 . 8
609
44,675
3,125
6.5

87,547
48,805
55.7
45,701
52.2
565
45,136
3,104
6.4

14,445
10,049
69.6
8,176
56.6
530
7,646
1 ,873
18.6

14,472
9,356
64.6
7,356
50.8
439
6,917
2,000
21 . 4

14,467
9,903
68.5
8,197
56.7
426
7,771
1 ,706
17.2

14,445
7,924
54.9
6,398
44.3
294
6,104
1 ,526
19.3

14,484
8,074
55.7
6,492
44.8
298
6,194
1 ,582
19.6

14,480
8,047
55.6
6,515
45.0
274
6,241
1 ,532
19.0

14,472
7,923
54.7
6,41 1
44.3
280
6,131
1 ,512
19.1

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1 . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural Industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6.2

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2 . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Both aexes, 16 to 19 yeara
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio? . . .
Agriculture
Nonagrigultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seaaonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjuated columns.




2

14,485
7,987
55. 1
6,532
45.1
276
6,256
1 ,455
18.2

Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment statue of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Seasonally adjuated1

Not seaeonally adjuated
Employment status, race, eex, age, and
Hlepanlc origin
July

June

July

July

Mar .

Apr .

May

t 985

1 986

1 986

1 985

1 986

1 986

1 986

153,717
101 , 4 9 8
66.0
95,138
61 . 9
6,361
6.3

155,376
103,253
66 . 5
96,823
62.3
6,430
6.2

155,502
103,790
66.7
97,559
62. 7
6,231
6.0

153,717
99,705
64.9
93,378
60.7
6,327
6.3

155,005
101 , 2 4 8
65.3
94,958
61.3
6,290
6.2

155,122
101,249
65.3
95,081
61 . 3
6,168
6. 1

Men, 20 yeara and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio8
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

53,274
79.0
50,557
75.0
2,717
5.1

54,043
79.0
51,297
75.0
2,746
5. 1

54,097
79.0
51,3§8
75.0
2,739
5. 1

52,752
78.2
49,815
73.9
2,937
5.6

53,613
78.6
50,665
74.3
2,948
5.5

53,504
78.4
50,717
74.3
2,786
5.2

53,548
78.4
50,588
74. 1
2,960
5.5

53,674
78.5
50,789
74.3
2,884
5.4

53,523
78 . ?
50,599
73. 9
2,92?
5 . 5

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio8
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

39,691
53.3
37,339
50.2
2,352
5.9

41,195
54.8
38,935
51 . 8
2,260
5.5

41 , 2 3 7
54. 9
38,951
51 . 8
2,286
5.5

40,131
53.9
37,840
50.8
2,291
5.7

40,750
54.4
38,407
51 . 3

40,808
54.4
38,566
51 . 4

41,511
55.3
39,249
52.3

2 , 343

2,242

5.8

5.5

41 , 0 4 0
54.7
38,775
51 . 7
2 ,265
5.5

5.4

41,646
55.4
39,424
52.4
2,22
5 . 3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio8
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

8,533
71 . 9
7,242
61 . 0
1 ,291
15.1
15.6
14.6

8,015
67.5
6,591
55.5
1 ,424
17.8
18.1
17.4

8,456
71 . 2
7,250
61 . 1
1 ,206
14.3
14.3
14.3

6 ,822
57.5
5,723
48.2
1 ,099
16.1

6 ,885
58.1
5,886
49.6
999
14.5
15.3
13.7

6,927
58.3
5,817
49.0
1,110
16.0
17.3
14.7

6,790
57.2
5,693
47.9

6 , f'tl
56 . 8
5,737
48.3

1 ,097

1,011

19,675
12,799
65.0
10,747
54.6
2,052
16.0

19,974
12,981
65.0
10,936
54.8
2,046
15.8

20,002
13,041
65.2
11 , 0 7 4
55.4
1 ,967
15.1

19,675
12,354
62.8
10,499
53.4
1 ,855
15.0

19,889
12,656
63.6
10,791
54.3
1 ,865
14.7

19,943
12,781
64. 1
10,889

5,805
75. 0
5,054
65.3
751
12.9

6,007
76.0
5,218
66.0
790
13.2

6,015
76.0
5,236
66 . 1
780

5 , 745
74.2
5,012
64.8

5,913
75.2
5,169
65.7
744

5,699
58.3

June
1 986

JJ 1V
1 986

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio8
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

17.1

15.0

155,376
101 , 9 7 5
65.6
95,731
61.6
6,244
6. 1

155,236
101,515
65.4
95,180
61.3
6,335
6.2

6,937
58.4
5,797
48.8 •
1 , 1 40
16.4
17.2

15.6

2,262

155,50?
101 , 9 2 2
65. 5
95,760

61.6
6,162
6 . 0

17.8

15.0
15.3

14.4

14.7

19,974

20 , 0 0 2

12,754
10 , 8 2 5
54.2
1 , 9 2 9 ii

12,601
63.0
1 Cs t B <>
54.2
t,76fo

15.1

14.0

16.2

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio8
Unemployed . .
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio8
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio8
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio8
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

13.0

733
12.8

5,837

5,829

5,701

58. 7
5,095
51.3

58.6
5 , 103
51.3

58.3
4,953
50 . 6

j

12.6

|
I
|

777

742

726

748

I

5,791
58.5
5,087
51.4
704

13.6

12.7

12.4

13.1

j

12.2

1 ,295
60.1
771

1,137
53. 3
623

1,197
56 . 2

908

|

951

42 . 1

i

44.5

735

534

!

35.8

29.2

34.5

524
40.4
41.1
39.8

514

462

45.2

38 . 6
39 . 9
37.0

24 . 8
374
41 . 2

I
i
1

4,922
50 . 3

j

19,916
12,740
64.0
10,856
54.5

1 ,884
14.8

54.6
1 ,892
14.8

5,916
75. 1
5 , 1 70
65. 7
746
12.6

5 , 1 99
65.9
757
12.7

63.9

5,968
75.5
5,171

5,956
75.5

5,875
59.3
5,140
51 . 9
735
12.5

65.4
796
13.3

5,897
59.4

5,141
51.8

'
!

5,834
58 . 7
5,085
51 . 2

756

749

12.8

12.8

5,951
75.2
5 , 1 94
65.6
75 7
12.7

5,840
58 . 7
5,144
51 . /
696
1 1 . V

j

42. 7
47.8

949
44 . 4

|

535

545

1

25.1
416
4 3.7

25.5

404
42.6

928

i
j

43.5

952
44 . 6

549

569

25.7

26 . 7

379
40.8
40.8
40.8

383
40 . 2
38.5

43 . 1 |

44 . 1

39 . 0

4 3.4

41.4
43.8

12,36,7
8,302
67.2

11 , 9 3 3
7,713
64 . 6

12,219

12,255

7,975

12,290
8,002

12,326

7,920
64 . 3

65. 1

6 5.1

65.8

7,405
59. 9
896
10.8

6,870
57.6
843

7,105
58.2
815

7,144
58. 3
832

7 , 123
58.0
878

7,251

10.9

10.3

10.4

11.0

10.6

41.9

810
33. u
497
23 . 3
31 3
38 . 6
41.6
35 . 1

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation late
Employed
Employment-population ratio8
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

11,933
7,871
66 . 0
6,981
58.5
890
11.3

12,326
8,191
66 . 5

7,331
59.5
860
10.5

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
8
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.




8,110

58 . 8

858

12,36?
8,123
6 5.7
7,274
58 . 8
849

10.5

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-orlgln groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included
in both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Selected employment Indicators
(Numbers tn thousands)

Not seasonally adjuated
Category

July
1 985

Seasonally adjusted

July
1 986

June
1 986

Mar .
1 986

July
1 985

May
1 986

Apr.
1 986

June
1 986

July
1 986

CHARACTERISTIC

'

854
294
585
635

1 08
39
25
5

Civilian employed, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

110.
39,
26
5,

869
824
878
764

111. 832
39, 809
2 6 . 780
5 ., 8 4 6

1 0 8 . 788
3 9 , 365
2 6 . 656
5 .,771

1 0 6 ., 8 7 1
3 9 , 096
2 6 . 316
5 ., 6 0 7

1 0 8 .,892
39, 555
2 6 .,802
5 ., 8 1 2

1 0 9 ,, 1 0
39, 6 ' 4
2 6 . 9;:o
5 . ,7 8

1 0 9 ., 6 7 3
3 9 . 626
2 7 . 427
5. 668

109,882
39,611
27,523
5 ,829

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural Industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1 ,i8 4 5
1 >625
,
240

1
1 ,81
i
1 >629
i
21 1

1 ,. 8 4 0
1 >575
,
240

1 ,i4 7 9
1 >474
,
1 70

1 ,i6 8 9
1 >453
,
1 72

1 ,,5 8 7
1 >475
,
1 80

1 ,4;i0
,
1 >i 4.16
1.16

1 ,,4 9 8
1 ,,5 0 4
1 54

1 ,486
1 ,427
1 71

9 7 ,, 1 1 7
15:>320
81 , 7 9 7
1 ,,3 8 4
80 i, 4 1 3
7,, 7 4 6
281

9 9 , >173
1 5 , >945
8 3 , >227
1 >374
,
81 ,>853
7,>799
247

9 9 , >82?
1 5 , >981
8 3 , >842
1 >377
,
8 2 , >465
8 , >097
257

9 5 , >523
1 5 , >949
7 9 , >574
1 >251
,
7 8 , >323
7,>724
277

9 7 , >698
1 6 , >095
81 ,>604
1 >213
,
8 0 , >390
7,>644
240

9 7 , >831
1 6 , >187
81 ,>643
1 >321
,
8 0 , >322
7,>571
253

9 7 , >9 >4
1 6 ,> 3 ^ 5
81 ,,669
1 >275
,
8 0 , >3 >4
7 , >75 7
229

9 8 , >372
1 6 , >387
81 ,>984
1 ,,2 7 9
80 ,>705
7 , >807
235

98,206
16,647
81,559
1 ,243
80,317
8,081
254

6 t 366
2 >361

6,, 1 5 0
2 , >417
3,>396
1 1, 4, 0 3

5,, 5 9 6
2 ,, 4 1 4
2,, 7 6 6
13, , 6 3 4

5,, 5 3 8
2 ,, 3 3 0
2 ,, 9 5 3
13, , 7 5 4

5,, 9 2 3
2 ,, 6 0 3
2,, 9 7 4
13, >933

5 ,, 9 3 0
2 , >659
2 , >893
1 3 , >638

5 ,, 5 3 7
2 , >434
2 , >810
1 4 , >268

5,399
2,484
2,624
13,991

5,, 8 3 5
2 ,239
3 ;, 2 8 3
10 , 9 5 2

5:, 3 2 8
2 ,251
2 ,686
13 , 2 3 5

5,, 3 0 1
2 , 1 59
2 ,861
13,, 2 8 5

5
2
2
13

5,, 6 7 3
2 ,523
2 ,790
13 , 1 9 1

5,, 3 2 0
2,, 3 0 8
2 ,, 7 2 4
13, , 7 7 9

5,191
2,323
2,579
13,656

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

3 ,627
1 1, 0 6 0

6 ,118
2;>346
3 i>335
12, , 4 7 0

Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

6
2
3
10

,003
,184
,455
,608

5,, 8 4 1
2 ,220
3 ,198
1 1, 9; 6 0

,621 •
,430
,849
,599

1
Excludes persons "with a Job but not at work" during the survey period for such
reasons as vacation, Illness, or Industrial dispute.

Table A-5. Range of unemployment meaauree baaed on varying deflnitlone of unemployment and the labor force,
seasonally adjusted
(Percent)

Quarterly averagee
Measure

1985

II
U-1

Monthly data

III

1 986

1986

IV

I

II

May

June

July

Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the
civilian labor force

2.0

2.0

1 .9

1 .9

1 .9

1 .9

2.0

1 .9

U-2

Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force

3.6

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.7

3.3

U-3

Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of ttip
civilian labor force

5.7

5.6

5.4

5.5

5.5

5.5

5.6

5.4

Unemployed full-time jobseekers as a percent of the full-time
civilian labor force

6.9

6.8

6.7

6.7

6.8

7.0

6.7

6.6

U-5a Total unemployed ae a percent of the labor force, Including the
realdent Armed Forces

7.2

7.1

6.9

7.0

7i 1

7.2

7.0

6.8

U-5b Total unemployed aa a percent of the civilian labor force

7.3

7.2

7.0

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.1

6.9

9.7

9.6

9.4

9.4

9.7

9.9

9.4

9.3

10.7

10.7

10.4

10.3

10.6

N.A.

N.A.

N.A.

U-4

U-6

U-7

1

1

Total full-time jobseekers plus /> part-time jobseekers plus /» total on part time
for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less 1/> of the
part-time labor force
Total full-time jobseekers .plus V» part-time jobseekers plus Vi total on part
time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of the
civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less 1/i of the
part-time labor force

N.A - not available.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Selected unemployment Indicators, seasonally adjusted

Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousands)

Unemployment rates1

Category
July
1985

June
1986

8 ,401
4 ,611
3 ,755
3 ,790
3 ,120
1 ,526

8 ,443
4 ,642
3,, 8 2 7
3 ,801
3 ,104
1 ,512

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

1 ,780
1 ,581
644

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Labor force time lost*

6 ,901
1,532

July
1985

Mar.
1986

Apr .
1986

May
1986

June
1 986

July
1 986

8 ,, 1 9 0
4 j, 5 7 1
3 i1824
3 i, 6 1 9
2 i, 9 9 8
1 t, 3 6 8

7. . 3
7,. 2
6 ., 2
7,, 4
6 ,. 6
1 9 ,, 3

7 ., 2
7 . .0
6 ,, 2
7 . ,4
6 . .6
1 8 .. 2

7 ., 1
6 . ,9
6. 0
7 . ,4
6 . ,4
19. 6

7 ,. 3
7. • 3
6 , .4
7,, 3
6 .5
19,. 0

7 .. 1
7 .. 1
6 . ,2
7 ., 2
6 ,.4
1 9 ,, 1

6.9
7.0
6.2
6.9
6. 1
17.5

1 ,882
1 ,492
637

1 ,j8 3 8
1 ,;5 4 0
593

4 ,, 4
5 ,, 7
1 0 ,. 3

4 .. 5
5 . .6
1 0 ,, 1

4 .. 2
5 . .3
9 . .4

4,. 5
5,. 4
10,. 2

4 ,. 5
5 .. 2
10. . 1

4.4
5.3
9.2

6 ,756
1 ,,5 7 2

6 i, 6 7 1
1 ,i5 4 6

7. . 0
9,• 4
8 ,. 2

6 , ,9
9 ,, 1
8 ., 1

6 . ,7
9 . .6
8 ., 1

7,. 0
9,. 2
8,. 3

6 ,. 7
9 ,. 1
8 ,. 1

6.6
9.0
7.7

7,, 3
9,, 9
1 3 ,. 4
7,, 9
7 ,, 9
7,,9
5 .. 7
7 . ,6
5 . ,6
4 ., 0
1 4 , ,0

7 ,, 2
1 0 . ,4
1 3 . ,0
7 ,, 2
6. 8
7 , ,7
6 ., 1
7, 6
5 ., 7
4 . .0
1 1 .9

7 ., 2
1 2 . ,8
1 2 . .0
6. 8
6. 8
6 ., 8
5 . ,6
8 ., 1
5. 9
3 . ,5
1 3 , ,4

7,. 3
13,,7
13,. 3
7,. 5
7,. 3
7,. 7
5. . 3
8 .. 1
5 . .5
3. ,7
1 5 . .8

7,. 1
1 7 , ,6
1 2 ,. 1
7,. 3
7 ,. 1
7 ,, 5
5 ,, 5
7 , .7
5 , .4
3 , .6
1 3 ., 2

July
1986

CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

—

—

—

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers . . .
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utitities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
1
2

6 ,258
102
778
1 ,744
1 ,049
695
350
1 ,666
1 ,618
669
241

6 i, 2 8 2
186
753
1 ,;6 0 9
931
678
332
1 ,i7 6 1
1 ,,6 4 1
616
227

6 ,, 3 5 7
169
801
1 ,i5 2 6
8.8 4
642
363
1 >i 7 8 0
1 >717
,
558
196

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours- lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic

7.2
17.0
13.2
6.9
6.7
7.2
6. 1
7.8
5.7
3.2
11.6

reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.

Table A-7. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seaeonally adjueted

Seasonally adjueted

Weeks of unemployment
July
1985

June
1 986

July
1986

July
1985

Mar.
1986

Apr .
1 986

May
1986

June
1986

July
1 986

3,818
2,724
2,139
866
1 ,272

4,169
2,321
2,285
1,014
1 ,271

3,679
2,710

2,082

3,525
2,514
2,329
1 ,078
1 ,251

3,589
2,640
2,258
1 ,099
1 ,159

3,628
2,685
2,135
1 ,001
1 ,134

3,705
2,737
2,209
1 ,072
1 ,137

3,384
2,708
2,320
1 ,036
1 ,284

3,394
2,486
2,256
1 ,066
1 , 1 90

14.7
6.1

14.5
5.6

15.5
7.1

14.4

6.8

14.3
6.5

14.4

6.6

15.2
7.3

15.0
7.1

100.0

100.0
42.3
31 . 1
26.6
13.0
13.7

100.0
42.9
31 . 8
25.3
11.9
13.4

100.0
42.8
31 . 6
25.5
12.4
13.1

100.0
40.2
32.2
27.6
12.3
15.3

100.0
41 . 7
30.6
27.7

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks

873

1 ,208
14.4

6.2

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over




100.Q
44.0
31 . 4
24.6

10.0
14.7

100.0
47.5
26.5
26.0
1 1 .6
14.5

100.0
43.4
32.0
24.6
10.3
14.3

42.1
30.0
27.8
12.9
14.9

13.1

14.6

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Reason for unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Reason

Seasonally adjusted

July
1985

June
1 986

July
1986

July
1985

Mar.
1986

Apr .
1986

May
1986

June
1 986

July
1986

4,125
1 ,054
3,071
940
2,186
1 ,429

$ ,962
927
3*035
948
2,122
1 ,543

3,886
997
2,889
1 ,089
2,205
1 ,291

4,206
1 , 1 34
3,072
894
2,184
1 ,098

4,246
1 ,164
3,082
1 ,002
2,197
1 ,000

4,034
1 ,028
3,006
1,110
2,191
1 ,059

4,31 1
1 ,133
3,178
975
2,217
1 ,062

4,335
1 ,066
3,269
1 ,013
2,064
1 ,059

3,937
1 ,079
2,858
1 ,034
2,223
965

100.0
47.5
12.1
35.4
10.8
25.2
16.5

100.0
45, 2
10. 6
14. 6
10. 8
26. 5
17. 6

100.0
45.9
11.8
34.1
12.9
26.0
15.2

100, ,0
50, .2
13,.5
36, ,6
10,,7
26. , 1
13. , 1

100.0
50.3
13.8
36.5
11.9
26.0
11 . 8

100.0
48.1
12.2
35.8
13.2
26.1
12.6

100.0
50. 3
13. 2
37. 1
1 1 4.
25. 9
12. 4

100. 0
51 . 2
12. 6
38. 6
12. 0
24. 4
12. 5

1 00. 0
48.3
13.2
35.0
12.7
27.2
11 . 8

3.5
.8
1 .9
1 .2

3. 3
8
1 .9
1 .3

3.2
.9
1 .8
1.1

3.6
.9
1 .9
.9

3.4
.9
1 .9
.9

3. 7
8
1 .9
9

3. 7
9
1 .7
9

3.3
.9
1 .9
.8

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3. 6
8
1 .9
1 .0

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousands)

Sex and age

Unemployment rates1

July
1985

June
1986

July
1986

July
1985

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

May
1986

June
1986

July
1986

8 ,401
3 ,270
1 ,526
687
812
1 ,744
5 ,125
4 ,513
655

8,443
3,172
1 ,512
680
830
1 ,660
5,303
4,728
560

8 ,190
3 ,036
1 ,368
625
711
1 ,668
5 ,153
4 ,615
573

7,.3
13,.9
19,.3
21 ,7
,
17,>3
11 .2
,
5,.6
5,.9
4,.4

7,.2
13,.2
18,.2
19,.4
17,, 1
10,.6
5,.7
5,,9
4,, 3

7,. 1
13,.9
19,.6
20, .9
18,.9
10..9
5.,4
5.. 8
3,,9

7,. 3
14,.2
19 .0
21 ., 1
17,.5
1 1• ,7
5,.5
5,.9
3 .6

7.. 1
13,.5
19,, 1
20, .6
17,.9
10.,7
5..6
5,.9
3,.7

6.9
13.0
17.5
19.4
15.7
10.8
5,4
5.8
3.8

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years.
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

4 ,611
1 ,81 1
856
368
463
955
2 ,786
2 ,420
399

4,642
1 ,705
815
325
487
890
2,945
2,590
362

4 ,571
1 ,658
747
340
378
91 1
2 ,908
2 ,592
344

7,.2
14,.6
2 0 . ,5
2 2 . , t.
18.,7
1 1.6.
5.,4
5. ,6
4. .6

7,.0
13,.6
18..9
20, .0
17..8
11 >0
.
5..5
5..7
4,.3

6,.9
14,.5
2 0 . ,2
21 ..2
19.,7
11 ,6
.
5. .2
5. 5
3..9

7 .3
15 .0
20, .4
21 ,.6
19,,6
12,,2
5,.4
5,.8
3,.8

7,, 1
14,. 0
2 0 ., 1
19. ,4
2 0 . .4
1 1.0.
5. ,5
5. 8
4. , 1

7,0
13.5
18.2
20.0
16.1
11.2
5.5
5.8
3.9

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

3 j, 7 9 0
1 ,j4 5 9
670
319
349
789
2 J, 3 3 9
2,>093
256 .

3,801
1 ,467
697
355
343
770
2,358
2,138
198

,619
1 ,i3 7 8
621
285
333
757
2 i, 2 4 6
2,, 0 2 3
229

7. ,4
13. . 1
17, ,9
21 ,.2
15. ,7
10.,7
5 . ,9
6. 2
4 . ,2

7..4
12.,7
17. 5
18..8
16..3
10., 1
5. ,9
6. ,3
4. ,4

7. ,4
13. ,2
19. 0
20. 5
18., 1
10..0
5. 8
6 . ,2
3. 8

7,.3
13..3
17..6
20. .5
15..3
11 ,. 1
5. ,7
6. , 1
3.,4

7. ,2
13. 0
18. 0
21 . 9
15. , 1
10. ,4
5 . ,7
6 ., 1
3. , 1

6.9
12.5
16.6
18.7
15.3
10.4
5.4
5.7
3.6

Total, 18 years and over
16 to 24 years
18to 19years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Employment statue of blaek and other workers
(Numbers In thousands)
Seasonslly sdjustsd1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

July
1 985

June
1 986

July
1 986

July
1 985

Mar .
1 986

Apr .
1 986

May
1986

June
1 986

Ju 1y
1 986

24,546
16,038
65. 3
13,717
55.9
2,321
14.5
8,508

25 . 1 2 7
16,391
65.2
14,046
55.9
2,345
14.3
8,736

25,180
16,513
65.6
14,272
56 . 7
2,240
13.6
8,667

24,546
15,522
63.2
13,430
54. 7
2,092
13.5
9,024

24,980
16,031
64.2
13,899
55.6
2,132
13.3
8,949

25,025
16,039
64. 1
13,857
55.4
2,182
13.6
8,986

25,075
16,102
64.2
13,919
55.5
2,183
13.6
8,973

25,127
16,148
64. 3
13,935
55.5
2,213
13.7
8,979

25,180
15,986
63.5
13,978
55. 5
2,008
1? .6
9 , 1 94

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

a

Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population,

Table A-11. Occupational status of the employed and unemployed, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers In thousands)
Civilian employed
Occupation

Total, 16 years and over1
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

July
1 985

July
1 986

1 0 8 ,.854

111, 832

2 5 , 283
12, 391
1 2 ,. 8 9 2

Unemployment rate

Unemployed

2 6 , 032
12, 609
13, 423

July
1985

July
1986

July
1 985

July
1 986

8,682

8,471

7. 4

7 ,0

709
337
372

746
354
392

2. 7
2. 6
2. 8

2 .s

9
8
9
1

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

3 3 ,.422
3 ,. 2 4 5
1 2 ,. 7 3 0
1 7 ,> 4 4 8

34,
3,
13,
17,

893
548
535
809

1 ,735
130
661
944

1 ,793
129
759
905

4.
3.
4.
5.

Service occupations
Private housshold
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

1 4 , >793
1 >063
,
1 >776
,
1 1 >955
i

14, 980
1 .,0 4 1
1 .,9 4 2
1 1 . ,9 9 8

1 ,373
81
96
1 , 1 95

1 ,367
78
60
1 ,229

8. 5
7.1
5. 1
9 ., 1

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13, >693
4 , >585
4 , >993
4 ,115

1 3 ,. 8 4 3
4 ,. 5 0 6
5 ,, 1 6 2
4 ,, 1 7 5

940
219
428
293

988
226
472
290

6 .,4
4. 6
7. 9
6 -, 7

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17
8
4
4

2,143
991
424
728
143
584

1 ,979
901
424
654
157
497

1 1 ,0
.
1 1 , .0
8 ., 5
1 3 .. 2
1 4 . ,6
1 2 . ,9

290

242

6. 3

Farming, forestry, and fishing
1
Persons with no previous work experience and those whose last job was in the
Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.




,339
,013
,551
,775
839
3 ,936

1 7 ,( 9 0 4
8 , 1 97
4 ,>708
4 ,, 9 9 9
946
4 , >052

4 .- 3 2 3

4 , 181

2

•7
8

4 .9
3. 5
5. 3
4 .8
3. 4
;

7.

3 .0
9. 3
6. 7
4 ..8
8 .4
6 ., 5

i

10., 0
9.. 9
8 .. 3
1 1, .6
14., 3
< 0.
,9
5,.5

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterane and nonveterans by age, not eeaeonally adjueted
(Numbers in thousands)

Civilian labor force

Veteran status
and age

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Unemployed
Total

Employed
Percent of
labor foree

Number
July
1986

July
1985

July
1986

July
1985

July
1986

7,660
6,514
1 ,361
3,368
1 ,785
1 ,146

7,751
6,380
1 ,137
3,048
2,195
1 ,371

7 ,, 1 5 4
6 , 256
1 ,,3 0 1
3,, 2 3 2
1 ,,7 2 3
898

7,, 2 2 2
6,, 1 2 0
1 ,,0 8 5
2 i, 9 2 3 '
2,, 1 1 2
1 ,;1 0 2

6 , >831
5 , >960
1 >228
,
3 ,, 0 7 1
1 ,,6 6 1
871

6 , >868
5,801
990
2 ,, 7 7 8
2 , >033
1 ,,0 6 7

323
296
73
161
62
27

1 5 ,, 5 6 0
7 , >248
4 ,, 4 5 6
3 ,, 8 5 6

1 6 , >531
71>701
5 , >138
3 , >692

830
410
229
191

July
1985

-« CO

July
1985

July
1985

July
1986

354
319
95
145
79
35

4. 5
4 , ,7
5 , ,6
5 ., 0
3 , .6
3 ., 0

4.9
5.2
8.8
5.0
3.7
3.2

924
460
280
184

5 ,, 1
5 ., 4
4 , ,9
4 . ,7

5.3
5.6
5.2
4.7

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over
NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years

17,274
8,010
4,951
4,313

18,446
8,576
5,736
4,134

1 6 ,, 3 9 0
7,, 6 5 8
4 ,, 6 8 5
4 ,, 0 4 7

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces between
August 5,1964 and May 7,1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served In the Arm-




17, , 4 5 5
8 ,, 1 6 1
5,, 4 1 8
3,, 8 7 6

ed Forces; published data are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most
closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employment status of the civilian population for eleven large States
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted'

State and employment atatue

Seasonally adjusted*
May

July
1985

June
1986

July
1986

July
1985

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

1986

19 , 5 9 1
13,071
12,063

1 9 , 9 78
13,373
12,507
867
6.5

20 , 0 1 5
13,498
12 , 4 8 0
1 , 0 17
7 .5

19 , 5 9 1
12,911
11,977
934
7 . 2

19,872
13,250
12 , 3 3 8
9 12
6.9

19 , 9 0 8
13,217
12 , 3 1 9
898
6.8

19,942
13,204
12,325
879
6.7

19 , 9 7 8
13 , 3 2 6
12 , 4 6 5

9,162
5,721
5 ,329
392
6.9

8,911
5,280
4,922
358

9 ,078
5,489
5 ,147
342

6.8

6.2

9 ,098
5,525
5,204
321
5.8

9,119
5,570
5,253
317
5.7

9,141
5,654
5 ,331
323
5.7

June
1986

California
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1 ,008
7.7

861
6 . 5

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

8,911
5,345
4,971
374
7.0

9,141
5,655
5,313
342

Civilian noninatitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

8,643
5,743
5 ,229
514
8.9

8,671
5 , 8 13
5 ,324
489
8.4

8 ,674
5,807
5 ,355
45 2
7.8

8 ,643
5,653
5 , 149
504
8.9

8,663
5,667
5,165
502
8.9

8,665
5,683
5,217
466
8.2

8 ,667
5,685
5,201
484
8.5

8,671
5,733
5,273
460
8.0

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

4 ,550
3,117
2,983
134
4.3

4 ,584
3,075
2,961
114
3.7

4,587
3,143
3,023

4 ,550
3,066
2 ,935
131
4.3

4,575
3,083
2,969
114
3.7

4,578
3,058
2,935
123
4.0

4,581
3,065
2 ,924
141
4.6

4 ,584
3,038
2,928

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,795
4,378
3 ,904
474
10.8

6 ,848
4,422
4 ,007
415
9.4

6,853
4 ,468
4,057
411
9.2

6,795
4,265
3,816
449
10.5

6 ,834
4,349
3,962
387
8.9

6,838
4 , 329
3,932
397
9. 2

6,842
4 ,360
3 ,932
428
9.8

6 ,848
4,335
3,929
406
9.4

Civilian noninatitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,892
3 ,966
3,728
237
6.0

5 ,942
3,995
3,793

5 ,947
4,013
3,786
227
5.7

5,892
3 ,875
3,652
223
5.8

5 ,929
3,842
3,682

5,933
3,847
3,666

5 ,937
3,916
3,699
217
5.5

5,942
3 ,942
3,745
197
5.0

13,680
8,456
7,941
515
6 .1

13,728
8 ,490
7,982
508

13,680
8 ,239
7 ,754
485
5.9

13,715
8,329
7,767
562
6.7

13,719
8 , 345
7,762
583
7.0

13,722
8 ,401
7 ,783

6.0

13,733
8 ,595
8 ,054
541
6.3

7.4

13,728
8,464
7,968
496
5.9

4,656
3,141
2,964
177
5.6

4,734
3,206
3 ,030
176
5.5

4 ,741
3,262
3,095
167
5 .1

4,656
3 ,076
2,912
164
5.3

4 , 7 13
3,141
2 , 9 59

4,720
3,125
2 ,946
179
5.7

4,727
3,125
2 ,940
185
5.9

4,734
3 ,175
3,017
158
5.0

8,065
5,237
4,750
487
9.3

8 ,095
5 ,259
4 ,802
457
8.7

8 ,097
5,287
4,875
412
7.

8,065
5 , 100
4 ,626
474
9.3

8 ,087
5,311
4 , 9 19
392
7.4

8,089
5 ,265
4,842
423
8.0

8 ,091
5,197
4 ,778
419

8 ,095
5,184
4,722
462
8.9

9 ,190
5,706
5,258
448
7.8

9 ,188
5,676
5,260
417
7.3,

9,1
5,753
5,366
387
6.7

9 , 190
5 ,537
5,103
434
7.8

9 , 189
5 , 7 46
5 ,309
437
7.6

9 , 188
5 ,707
5,304
403
7 . 1

9 ,187
5 ,694
5,245
449
7.9

9 ,188
5,573
5,211
362
6.5

11,724

1 1 ,900
8 ,204
7 ,297
907

1 1 ,916
8,279
7 ,506
774
9.3

11,724
8,093
7,512
581
7.2

11 , 8 5 2
8,003
7,357
646
8.1

11 , 8 6 7
8 ,027
7,342
685
8.5

11,883
8,079
7 ,300
779
9.6

1 1,900
8,076
7 ,230
846
10.5

6.0

202
5.0

120
3.8

160

181

4.2

4.7

110
3.6

New York
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

618

North Carolina
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

182
5.8

OMo
' Civilian noninatitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

8.1

Pennsylvania
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Texaa
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1

8,262
7 ,630
632
7.7

11.1

These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used in the administration of
FRASER
Federal fund allocation programs.

Digitized for


11 , 9 1 6

8 , 108
7,401
707
8.7

" ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry

Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
July
1985

Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Oil and g a s extraction

Construction
General building contractors

May
1986

Juae
1986

p

July
1986

p

July
1985

Mar .
1986

Apr.
1986

May
1986

June
1986

p

July
1986

p

97,531

100,341

100,775

100,144

97, 672

9 9 , 484

19 9 ,

783

9 9 , 918

9 9 , 864

100, 253

81,841

83,301

83,988

84 , 1 9 5

81 , 2 2 2

82 , 7 8 5

183 , 0 7 2

8 3 , 198

8 3 , 163

8 3 , 533

2 5 , 110

24,959

2 5 , 197

25,139

24 , 8 7 5

2 4 , 945

25 , 0 3 8

2 4 , 965

2 4 , 857

24 , 8 8 3

780
446.5

777
443.5

928
585

852
518

821
488

790
461

773
448

769
444

4,968
4,999
1 , 327 . 0 1 , 3 1 1 . 3

5 , 146
1,345.1

5,301
1,378.3

4 , 679
1, 246

4 , 838
1, 298

4 , 972
1, 315

4 , 974
1, 314

4 , 939
1, 295

4 , 992
1, 295

938
585.0

788
453.6|

Manufacturing
Production workers

19,204
12,986

19,172
13,008

19,271
13,086

19,061
12,885

1 9 , 268
13, 079

1 9 , 255
13, 061

19 , 2 4 5
13, 060

1 9 , 201
13, 025

1 9 , 145
12, 989

1 9 , 122
12, 974

Durable goods
Production workers

11 , 4 4 7
7,567

11,387
7,536

11 , 3 9 2
7,531

11,265
7 ,407

H , 483
7 , 621

11 , 4 1 8
7, 545

11 , 4 1 5
7 , 547

11 , 3 7 8
7 , 519

11 , 3 1 3
7, 469

11 , 3 0 2
7, 460

718.7
739 . 9
494.3
493. 1
603.0
609.9
771.0
787 . 2
293 .2
293.1
1 ,445.2 1,446.6
2,101.6 2,100.0
2 , 1 7 0 . 7 2, 157. 1
1,980.1 1,982.3
846. 1
846. 1
719.2
720.6
368. 1
370.2

739 .7
484.3
603.6
759 . 1
286.6
1,421.4
2,078.8
2, 159.9
1,949.7
820.5
711.5
356 . 7

698
492
589
807
305
1, 465
2 , 176
2 , 196
1 ,970
874
724
366

715
493
594
787
293
1 ,, 4 5 0
2 , 118
2 j, 177
1 ,,9 8 9
858
726
369

719
494
600
785
291
1, 4 5 1
2 , 111
2 , 177
1 , 986
854
723
369

719
496
599
780
288
1,, 4 4 7
2 , , 100
2, 175
1 ,,9 7 2
839
721
369

721
495
597
763
287
1, 4 3 9
2, 090
2 ,, 149
1 ,974
838
717
368

720
498
591
764
284
1, 4 3 4
2 , 085
2 ,, 1 6 9
1 ,,9 6 5
828
7 11
365

7 ,796
5,478

7 ,785
5 ,, 4 5 8

7 ,837
5 j, 5 1 6

7 , 830
5,, 5 1 3

7 ,, 8 2 3
5,, 5 0 6

7 ,832
5 ,, 5 2 0

7 ,820
5,, 5 1 4

1,637.4
1 , 599 . 0 1 , 6 5 1 . 0 1 , 6 8 0 . 3
58.2
57.9
58.2
59.8
710.8
696.5
685.9
706 . 1
1,072.3
1 ,085.5 1,117.6 1,122.6
685.4
696.8
689 . 6
687 . 5
1,434.3 1,472.5 1 , 479.0 1,474.1
1,031.4
1 ,051.0 1 ,023.3 1,034.4
166.5
167.3
166.0
181.8
804.8
783.9
799 . 5
776 .7
153.9
143.8
154.7
159.1

1 ,604
64
698
1,, 1 2 2
683
1,, 4 4 0
1 ,,0 4 5
178
784
167

1 ,, 6 3 2
63
707
1 ,, 117
688
1,, 4 6 9
1 ,.0 3 1
166
804
160

1 ,,6 3 3

1 ,,6 4 0

1 ,,6 5 1

1,, 6 4 6

63
703
1,, 1 1 9
689
1,, 4 7 2
1 ,, 0 2 8
166
800
157

62
705
1,, 1 1 3
689
1,, 4 7 4
1 ,30 2 4
166
796
154

62
707
1,, 107
690
1,, 4 7 8
1 ,,0 2 6
164
796
151

72 ., 7 9 7

74 , 5 3 9

7 4 ,, 7 4 5

7 4 ,, 9 5 3

75 ., 0 0 7

75 , 3 7 0

5,, 2 8 0
3 ,053
2 ,227

5,, 2 6 6
3 ,040
2 ,226

5,, 2 6 5
3 ,037
2 ,228

5 ,177
3 ,039
2 ,138

5 ,274
3 ,048
2 ,226

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

Nondurable goods
Production workers
Food and kindred products
T o b a c c o manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communication and public utilities

Wholesale trade
Durable g o o d s
Nondurable g o o d s

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Eating and drinking places

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

Services
Business services
Health services

Government
Federal
State
Local

p = preliminary.




717.3
479.2
601.6
803. 1
307.9
1,451.9
2,169.5
2, 187.6
1,955.3
867 . 8
724 . 1
357 . 6
7 ,757
5,419

72,421

7 , 785
5,472

75,382

7,879
5,555

75,578

75,005

62
709

1,, 1 0 8
687

1,, 4 8 0
1,, 0 2 5
162
791
150

5,256
3,000
2,256

5,270
3,049
2,221

5,226
3 , 075
2 , 151

5,288
3 , 042
2,246

5,, 2 4 1
3 ,006
2 :, 2 3 5

5,772
3,431
2 , 341

5,862
3,488
2,374

5,861
3,475
2,386

5,881
3,505
2,376

5 ,740
3 ,416
2 ,324

5 ,841
3 ,480
2 ,361

5 ,864
3 ,485
2 ,379

5 ,872
3 ,488
2 ,384

5 ,830
3 ,454
2 ,376

5 ,847
3 ,488
2 ,359

17 , 4 0 4
2 ,325
2 , 795
1 ,897
5 ,734

17 , 8 2 8
2 ,333
2 ,901
1 ,939
5 ,868

17 , 8 5 1
2 ,342
2 ,910
1 ,940
5 ,859

17 , 9 1 1
2 ,344
2 ,917
1,944
5 ,889

17 , 9 3 2
2 ,345
2 ,931
1 ,947
5 ,918

18 , 0 0 2
2 ,356
2 ,929
1,951
5 ,946

5 ,964
2 ,985
1 ,832
1 ,147

6 ,184
3 ,095
1 , 900
1,189

6 , 228
3 ,120
1 ,910
1 , 198

6 ,261
3 ,137
1 ,918
1,206

6 ,294
3 ,157
1 ,926
1,211

6 ,330
3 ,176
1,941
1,213

21 , 9 9 8
4 ,462
6 , 301

22 , 7 0 7
4 , 698
6 ,497

22 , 8 2 5
4 ,750
6 ,511'

22 , 9 2 4
4 ,755
6 ,543

23 , 0 7 3
4 ,793
6 ,570

23 , 1 9 7
4 ,841
6 ,598

16 , 4 5 0
2 ,879
3 ,851
9 ,720

16 , 6 9 9
2 ,923
3 ,927
9 ,849

16 , 7 1 1
2 ,914
3 ,938
9 ,859

16 , 7 2 0
2 ,899
3 ,936
9 ,885

16 , 7 0 1
2 ,907
3 ,917
9 ,877

16 , 7 2 0
2 ,910
3 ,924
9 ,886

17,489
2,270.8
2 , 799 . 0
1,923.5
5,893.3

18,092
17,911
18,093
2 , 2 7 4 . 0 2 , 2 9 1 .3 2 , 3 0 1 . 6
2,902.0 2,933.9 2,934.6
1 , 9 4 9 . 6 1 , 9 7 0 . 2 1 , 978 . 4
6 , 0 0 6 . 5 6, 118.8 6 , 1 1 2 . 9

6,041
3,011
1 ,840
1,190

6,260
3,131
1,918
1,211

6,353
3,173
1,934
1,246

2 2 , 173
4,490.8
6,332.9

23,039
4,741. 1
6,536.3

23,258
4,812.0
6,596.5

15,690
2 ,930
3,653
9 , 107

17,040
2,911
3,987
10,142

16,787
2,951
3,811
10,025

6,412
3,205
1,949
1 ,258
23,383
4,870.2
6,631.3
15,949
2,962
3,724
9 , 263

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by industry
Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
July
1985

Total private
Mining

May
1986

1

June
1986

P

July
1986

P

July
1985

Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

May
1986

June
1986

P

July
1986

35. 1

34. 7

34. 9

34. 9

34.8

34.9

34.8

34.8

34.7

34.6

42. 8

41. 8

41. 9

41 . 8

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Construction

38. 6

37 . 9

37 . 9

38. 1

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Manufacturing
Overtime hours

40. 1
3. 1

40. 6
3. 3

40. 8
3. 4

40. 2
3. 3

40.4
3.2

40.7
3.4

40. 7
3.4

40.7
3.4

40.6
3.4

40.6
3.4

Durable goods
Overtime hours

40. 6
3. 2

41. 2
3. 3

41. 4
3. 5

40. 6
3. 2

41. 1
3.4

41.4
3.6

41.3
3.6

41.2
3.4

41.3
3.5

41. 1
3.4

39. 7
38. 3
42. 3
41. 2
41. 4
40. 8
40. 8
3 9 . ,8
4 2 . ,0
4 2 . ,8
4 0 . ,3
3 8 . ,6

40. 5
39. 0
42. 7
41. 7
41. 6
41 . 1
41. 5
40. 8
42. 0
42. 1
40. 7
3 9 ., 4

40. 8
39. 6
42. 8
41. 8
41. 7
41. 3
41. 7
41 .,0
42. 3
4 2 . ,7
41 .,0
3 9 . ,7

40.
38.
42.
41.
41.
40.
40.
40.
41.
41.
40.
38.

39.8
39.0
41.9
41.4
41.2
41.4
41.4
40.4
42.6
43.4
40.8
(2)

40.2
39.4
41.9
41.9
41.7
41.4
41.6
41.0
42.7
43.3
41.3
(2)

40.3
39.1
42.4
41.3
40.5
41.2
41.8
41. 1
42. 1
41.9
41.3
(2)

40.3
39.4
42.3
41.7
, 41.5
41.1
41.8
41.0
41.9
41.8
40.9
(2)

40.1
39.5
42.2
41.6
41.2
41.1
41.7
41.0
42.2
42.4
41.0
(2)

40.2
39.4
42.2
41.3
40.9
41. 1
41.5
40.9
41.9
41.9
40.5
(2)

3 9 . ,3
3 . ,0

3 9 . ,8
3 . ,2

4 0 . ,0
3 . ,2

3 9 . ,7
3 ., 3

39.4
3.0.

39.8
3.2

39.9
3.3

39.9
3.4

39.8
3.2

39.9
3.4

4 0 . ,0
3 3 ., 9
3 8 . .6
3 6 .. 2
4 2 . .7
37 ., 3
4 1 .. 6
4 3 .. 2
4 0 .. 6
37 ,. 5

4 0 ., 1
3 7 . ,7
41 .,0
3 6 . .5
4 3 ., 1
37 .. 8
4 2 ., 0
4 3 .. 2
4 1 .. 2
3 6 . .7

4 0 . ,2
3 8 . ,3
4 1 ., 1
37 ., 0
4 3 ., 1
37 ., 6
4 2 ., 0
4 4 ,, 1
4 1 ,. 3
37 ,. 7

4 0 . ,2
3 6 . ,2
4 0 . ,5
3 6 . ,6
4 2 . ,9
37 .,6
41 .,7
4 4 .. 1
4 0 . .6
3 6 ., 5

40.0
(2)
39.2
36.4
42.9
37.5
41.8
43.0
(2)
(2)

39.9
(2)
40.7
36.5
43.5
38.0
41.9
43.8
(2)
(2)

40.2
(2)
41.3
36.9
43.0
38.0
41.9
43.6
(2)
(2)

40.2
(2)
41.1
36.5
43.2
38.0
42.0
43.4
(2)
(2)

40.1
(2)
40.7
36.6
43.1
37.9
41.8
44.1
(2)
(2)

40.2
(2)
41 . 1
36.9
43.1
37.9
41.9
43.9
(2)
(2)

Transportation and public utilities

3 9 ,. 5

3 9 .. 0

3 9 ,. 3

3 9 ,. 5

39.3

39.6

39.2

39.2

39.0

39.3

W h o l e s a l e trade

3 8 ,. 6

3 8 ,. 4

3 8 ,. 5

3 8 ,. 4

38.4

38.5

38.5

38.4

38.3

38.2

Retail trade

3 0 ,. 1

2 9 ,. 1

2 9 ,. 5

2 9 ,. 8

29.4

29.3

29.2

29.2

29.1

29.1

Finance, insurance, and real estate

36 . 3

3 6 ,. 3

3 6 ,. 6

3 6 ,. 2

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

32.5

32.4

32.3

Lumber and w o o d products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and g l a s s products
Primary metal industries
Blast f u r n a c e s and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
T o b a c c o manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

Services

32 . 8

3 2 ,. 4

1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; to construction
workers in construction; and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
T h e s e groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total e m p l o y e e s on private
nonagricultural payrolls.




3 2 ,. 6

1
7
5
1
1
5
9
2
3
3
1
8

3 2 ,. 7

.

32.4

32.5

32.5

'

P

2 This series is not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is
small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot
be separated with sufficient precision.
p = preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

"

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earninga of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by induetry

Aversge weekly earninga

Average hourly earnings
Industry

Total private
Seasonally adjusted

Construction

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

,

Transportation and public utilities

May

June

1985

1986

1986

June

July

1986

1986 P

1986

$ 8 . 52
8 . 55

$ 8 . 72
8 . 73

$ 8 . 71
8 . 75

$ 8 . 70
8 . 73

$ 2 9 9 . 05
297 . 54

1 1 . 92

1 2 . 44

1 2 . 51

1 2 . 42

5 1 0 . 18

5 1 9 . 99

5 2 4 . 17

5 1 9 . 16

1 2 . 21

1 2 . 33

1 2 . 31

1 2 . 33

4 7 1 . 31

467 . 31

4 6 6 . 55

4 6 9 . 77

9 . 55

9 . 71

9 . 70

9 . 72

3 8 2 . 96

3 9 4 . 23

3 9 5 . 76

3 9 0 . 74

1 0 . 10
8. 2 2
7 .,20
9 . ,90
11. ,78
13. ,49
9, ,70
10,, 3 1
9. ,47
12.,65
13,,35
9,,17
7.,32

1.0. 28
8 . 37
7 . 39
10. ,04
12. ,02
13. ,86
9 . ,85
10.,55
9. ,64
12.,79
13. ,47
9.,40
7.,54

1 0 . 26
8 . 45
7 . 45
10. ,03
11. ,95
13. ,89
9. ,88
10.,55
9.,60
12.,77
13,,42
9., 4 1
7.,54

1 0 . 25
8 . 37
7 . 42
10. 07
12. ,02
14,,00
9 . ,87
10.,58
9.,61
12.,70
13.,30
9.,46
7 .,61

4 1 0 . 06
326 . 33
2 7 5 . 76
4 1 8 . 77
4 8 5 . ,34
5 5 8 . ,49
3 9 5 . ,76
4 2 0 . ,65
3 7 6 . ,91
5 3 1 . ,30
5 7 1 . ,38
3 6 9 . ,55
2 8 2 , ,55

4 2 3 . 54
3 3 8 . 99
2 8 8 . 21
4 2 8 . 71
5 0 1 . ,23
5 7 6 . ,58
4 0 4 . ,84
4 3 7 . ,83
3 9 3 . ,31
5 3 7 . ,18
5 6 7 . ,09
3 8 2 . ,58
2 9 7 . ,08

4 2 4 . 76
3 4 4 . 76
2 9 5 . 02
4 2 9 . ,28
4 9 9 . ,51
5 7 9 . ,21
4 0 8 . ,04
4 3 9 . ,94
3 9 3 . ,60
540. ,17
5 7 3 . ,03
3 8 5 ., 8 1
2 9 9 . ,34

4 1 6 . 15
3 3 5 . 64
287 . 15
427 . 98
4 9 4 . ,02
5 7 5 . ,40
3 9 9 . ,74
4 3 2 . ,72
3 8 6 . ,32
5 2 4 . ,51
5 4 9 . ,29
3 7 9 . ,35
2 9 5 , ,27

8,.75
8,.57
12,.83
6,, 6 9
5,, 7 0
10,. 9 1
9.. 6 9
11,. 5 9
14,. 0 5
8,. 5 5
5,. 8 4

8.. 9 0
8,.78
13,. 3 8
6..88
5,. 7 8
11,. 12
9,. 9 1
11,. 8 9
14,. 0 2
8,. 7 5
5,. 8 8

8,.90
8,.73
13,.69
6..86
5,. 8 0
11,. 14
9,. 8 8
11,.95
14,. 1 5
8,. 7 5
5 .88

8,. 9 8
8..69
13,.84
6..89
5,. 7 5
11,. 3 0
9,. 9 5
12,. 0 8
14,. 3 6
8,. 8 1
5 .93

343. . 8 8
3 4 2 ,. 8 0
4 3 4 , .94
2 5 8 , .23
206, .34
4 6 5 ,. 8 6
361, . 4 4
4 8 2 ,. 1 4
606, . 9 6
347, . 1 3
219 . 0 0

354, .22
3 5 2 , .08
5 0 4 , .43
2 8 2 , .08
210, .97
479, .27
374, . 6 0
4 9 9 ,. 3 8
605, . 6 6
360, . 5 0
215 . 8 0

356, . 0 0
3 5 0 , .95
524, .33
2 8 1 , .95
214, . 6 0
4 8 0 , . 13
371, . 4 9
501, . 9 0
624, . 0 2
361, . 3 8
221 . 6 8

356. . 5 1
3 4 9 , .34
501, . 0 1
279, . 0 5
210, . 4 5
484, . 7 7
374, . 1 2
503, . 7 4
633, . 2 8
357, . 6 9
216 . 4 5

11 . 3 7

11 . 5 4

11 . 5 7

11 . 6 2

449 . 1 2

450, . 0 6

454, . 7 0

458 . 9 9

9 .14

9 .29

9 .33

9 .32

352 . 8 0

356 . 7 4

359 . 2 1

357 . 8 9

176 . 7 1

177 . 9 1

306 . 3 4

300 . 10

264 . 0 6

263 . 2 4

Wholesale trade

P

5 .90

6 .00

5 .99

5 .97

177 . 5 9

174 . 6 0

Finance, insurance, and real estate

7 .88

8 .31

8 .37

8 .29

286 . 0 4

301 . 6 5

Services

7 .80

See footnote 1, table B-2.

8 . 10

8 . 10

8 .05

P

P

1986

$ 3 0 2 . 58 $ 3 0 3 . 98 $ 3 0 3 . 63
3 0 2 . 06
3 0 3 . 63
3 0 3 . 80

Retail trade

1

July

May

1985

Manufacturing
Durable gooda

July

July

262 . 4 4

255 . 8 4

p * preliminary.

Table B-4. Hourly Earnings Index for production or nonsupervieory

workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by industry

(1977=100)

Not seaeonally adjueted
Porcont
change
from:

Induetry
May
1986

June
1986p

164.6
93.6
178.9
149.5
169.1
165.2
168.5
154.9

168.7
95.2
181.1
150.7
172.5
169.1
171.4
157.9

170.7
166.7

179.3
173.2

July
1985

Total private nonfarm:
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesele trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and
real aetata
Services
1
2
3
4

Seasonally adjusted
Porcont
ohange
from:

July
1986p

July
1985July
1986

168.8
94.8
181.5
150.5
172.2
169.7
172. 1
157.7

168.6
N.A.
181.1
150.5
172.6
169.6
172.1
157.6

2.4
(2)
1.3
.7
2.1
2.6
2.1
1.7

165.0
93.9
(4)
149.9
169.0
166.2
(4)
155.3

168.5
95.1
(4)
149.2
171.8
170.2
(4)
157 . 4

168.4
95.4
(4)
150.6
172.0
169.3
(4)
157 . 3 '

180.4
173.3

179.3
172.6

5.1
3.5

(4)
167.7

(4)
174.0

(4)
173.1

July
1985

See f o o t n o t e
1, t a b l e
B-2.
Percent change i s
1 . 0 p e r c e n t f r o m June 1985 t o June 1 9 8 6 , t h e l a t e s t
P e r c e n t c h a n g e i s - 0 . 2 p e r c e n t f r o m May 1986 t o J u n e 1 9 8 6 , t h e l a t e s t
These s e r i e s a r e not s e a s o n a l l y a d j u s t e d s i n c e the s e a s o n a l component
irregular
c o m p o n e n t s and c o n s e q u e n t l y
c a n n o t be s e p a r a t e d w i t h s u f f i c i
5
Percent
change i s l e s s than .05
percent
N.A.
Data not
available
p = preliminary




Mar.
1986

Apr.
1986

May
1986

June
1 986p

July
1 986p

June
1986July
1986

168.7
95.4
(4)
151.0
172.5
170.1
(4)
157 . 2

169.2
95.2
(4)
151.4
172.4
170.9
(4)
157 . 6

169.0
N.A.
(4)
151.0
172.5
170.6
(4)
157 . 9

-0.1
(3)
(4)
-.3
(5)
-.2
(4)
.2

(4)
173.4

(4)
174.3

(4)
173.6

(4)
-.4

month
available.
month
available.
is small r e l a t i v e
ent
precision.

to

the

trend-cycle

and/or

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

"

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Tablt B-5. indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory
payrolls by industry

workers1

on private nonagricultural

(1977- 100)
Seasonally adjuated

Not seasonally adjuated
Industry
July
1985

May
1986

June
July
1986 P 1986 P

117*0

Mar,
1986

Apr.
1986

May
1986

July
June
1986 P 1986

115.0

117,4

117.8

117.7

117.3

117.7

98.8

98.1

98.2

P

117.7

119.6

99.1

99.0

100.4

99,1

98.2

98,5

99.4

Mining

106.3

85.0

84.6

83.9

106,2

95.0

90.2

85.3

83.3

84.1

Construction

137.7

135.3

139,5

145.3

124.8

126,6

133.7

132.6

130,4

131.8

91.3

92.6

93,6

90,9

92,7

93,3

93.2

92.9

92.6

92.4

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

90.3
97,6
97.6
89.0
65.4
55.5
89.0
89.5
102.1
94.0
88.5
102.9
75.9

91.1
99.6
103.2
9Q.4
65.5
53,8
89,3
88.5
102.1
95,3
85.1
103.8
80.9

91; 5
103,5
105,1
91.9
63.9
53.8
90,0
88,7
101.1
95,6
86,0
105,3
81.9

88,3
101,6
100,1
90.1
61.7
51.6
86.5
85.5
99.5
90.6
79.7
100.3
77.1

92,0
95,0
102.6
86,1
66,4
54,1
91.3
91.4
104.8
96,9
89,9
104,8
. 78,9

91,7
98,6
104.4
87.4
65,6
53,6
90.2
89.3
102.9
97.1
88.4
106.1
81,8

91.5
99.3
103.6
89.2
64.7
51.8
90.1
89.4
103.0
95.6
85.3
106.1
81.6

91.0
99.3
104.9
88.8
64.8
52.6
89.4
88,9
102.8
94.2
83,4
104,5
81,2

90.5
99.1
105.2
88.4
62.9
52.2
88.9
88.3
101.0
94.9
84.4
104.5
81.9

90.0
98.9
105.2
87.5
62.6
50.9
88.8
87.3
102.5
93.6
82.3
101.6
80.4

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

92.7
98.9
69.0
71.4
82.1
99.4
120.9
93.9
84.8
105.6
61.1

94.9
95.9
74.5
78.2
85.8
101.1
127.3
92.9
80.0
112.0
58.1

96.7
100.3
76.2
79.0
87.2
103.0
126.6
94.5
82,8
113,1
59,4

94.7
102.9
71,0
76.1
82.0
101.1
126.0
93.4
81.8
108.0
53.6

93,8
96.4
78.3
73.9
85.7
99.6
122.6
94.0
82.8
108,3
63.7

95,7
98,4
85,4
77.8
85.4
102.0
127.4
93.4
80,4
112,7
60.9

95.8
99.1
81,6
78.4
86,6
101,0
127,8
93,2
80,1
111.8
58,5

95,7
99.5
82,1
78.4
85,2
101.7
127,8
92.9
79,7
111.8
57.5

95.7
100.5
79.5
77.8
85.0
101.7
127.8
93.2
81.0
111.7
56.8

95.8
100.4
82.1
78.8
85.7
101.3
128.1
93.4
79.0
110.9
55.7

126.9

128.1

130,1

131.1

124.4

127,8

127.9

128,2

128.0

128.5

108.5

106.6

108.2

106.8

106.8

104.3

107.6

Total
Goods-producing

Manufacturing

Service-producing

119,7

July
1985

Transportation and public utilities

107.5

106.3

106,2

Wholesale trade

119.1

120.1

120,3

120.6

117.9

120.1

120.6

120,2

119.0

119.4

Retail trade

119,4

118.0

121,0

122.0

116.0

118.4

118.1

118,5

118.2

118.6

Finance, insurance, and real estste

131,9

135.7

139,3

139.1

129,4

135.6

135.4

135,8

137.6

136.3

Services

141.4

145.1

147,3

148.4

138,7

143.5

144.2

144,8

145.2

145.6

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1

See footnote 1, table B-2.

p * preliminary.

Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased
Time
span

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Over
1-month
span

198 4
198 5
198 6

67.8
52.4
59.7

72.7
47.8
53.5

67,6
53,8
45,1

67.6
49.2
54.1

62,4
51,6
49,2

65,4
47,0
p45,9

62.2
56.2
p50.8

55.9
56.8

50.5
50.8

63.0
61.9

53.5
57.6

57.0
59.5

Over
3-month
span

198 4
198 5
198 6

76.5
51.1
58.1

75.1
49.7
54.3

75,9
46,2
51,1

71.4
46.2
49.7

71,6
45,1
p48,1

68.1
51,4
p46.5

63.2
49.7

58.1
51.1

56.8
55.1

53.5
55.9

58.1
61.4

53.0
60.5

Over
6-month
span

198 4
198 5
198 6

78.1
49.2
53,8

76.5
47.8
53,8

77,0
43,0
p47.6

75.1
45,9
p46.5

69.2
44.3

65.1
44.3

63.2
48.9

59,2
50.8

58.6
54.1

53.2
57.0

49.7
57.0

54.9
55.9

Over
12-month
span

198 4
198 5
198 6

81,1
46,2
p50. 3

78,1
45,7

72,2
46.8

72,2
43,8

68,9
44,9

67.8
47.3

65.7
47.6

62.7
48.9

59.7
47.3

54.6
49.5

51.4
48.9

48.6
p49.5

1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1, 3, and 6 month spans, on payrolls
of 185 private nonagricultural industries.
p = preliminary.




NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment rising. (Half of th<
changed components are counted as rising.) Data are centered within the spans,