Full text of The Employment Situation : July 1985

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Bureau of Labor Statistics
Technical information: (202) 523-1371
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USDL

85-304

TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS
RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL
8:30 A.M. (EDT), FRIDAY,
AUGUST 2, 1985

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: JULY 1985
Employment rose in July and unemployment was unchanged, the Bureau of
Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The
overall unemployment rate, at 7.2 percent, and the civilian worker rate, at
7.3 percent, have not changed since February.
The number of nonagricultural wage and salary jobs—as measured by the
monthly survey of establishments—rose by 245,000 in July. Civilian
employment—as measured by the monthly survey of households—rebounded from
a decline in the prior month, rising by nearly 500,000 to 106.9 million.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
The civilian unemployment rate remained at 7.3 percent, the same as it
has been since February, and the level of unemployment was little changed
at 8.5 million. The jobless rate for adult men was 6.3 percent, similar to
rates that prevailed prior to May. For adult women, the rate was 6.6
percent, roughly the same as it has been since January.
The teenage
unemployment rate edged up to 19.5 percent. (See table A-2.)
The unemployment rate for whites (6.4 percent) was about unchanged in
July, while the rate for blacks, which had fallen sharply the month before,
returned to the level (15 percent) which had prevailed since last fall.
For persons of Hispanic origin, the July jobless rate was 11.2 percent,
about midway between the rates for whites and blacks. (See table A-3.)
The number of unemployed job losers increased by about 200,000 in July,
bringing the level to 4.3 million. Partially offsetting this was a decline
in the number of unemployed job leavers.
While the mean duration of
unemployment was unchanged, the median duration rose to 7.2 weeks. (See
tables A-7 and A-8.)
The Civilian Labor Force and Employment (Household Survey Data)
The civilian labor force grew by 530,000 on a seasonally adjusted
basis, nearly returning to the level posted in May. After accounting for




- 2 most of the seasonally adjusted decrease
bulk of the increase in July. On a
overall summertime labor force expansion
July totaled 2.7 million, about the same

in June, teenagers contributed the
not-seasonally-adjusted basis, the
of teenagers between April and
as in 1984.

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

Quarterly
averages

Monthly data

Category

I

JuneJuly
change

1985

1985
May

II

June

July

HOUSEHOLD DATA
116,858
108,432
115,158
106,732
8,426
62,364
1,253

Thousands of persons
116,879 117,078 116,485 117,018
108,461 108,665 108,072 108,566
115,176 115,373 114,783 115,314
106,758 106,960 106,370 106,862
8,417
8,413
8,413
8,451
62,771 62,571 63,313 62,949
1,145
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.

533
494
531
492
38
-364
N.A..

Percent of labor force
Unemployment rates:

White
Black

7.2
7.3
6.3
6.6
19.5
6.4
15.0
11.2

0
0
-0.2
-.1
1.2
-.1
1.0
.6

Thousands of jobs
96,640 p97,330 97,421 Ip9.7 ,449 p97,692
25,077 p25,055 25,066 p25,009 p25,021
71,563 p72,275 72,355 p72,440 p72,671

p243
pl2
p231

7.2
7.3
6.3
6.7
18.5
6.3
15.5
10.1

7.2
7.3
6.3
6.8
18.3
6.3
15.0
10.5

7.2
7.3
6.1
6.9
18.9
6.2
15.6
10.7

7.2
7.3
6.5
6.7
18.3
. 6.5
14.0
10.6

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Nonfarm payroll employment..

Hours of work
Average weekly hours:
Manufacturing overtime....

35*1
40.4
3.3

p35.1
p40.3
p3.2

T/ Includes the resident Armed Forces.
p=preliminary.




35.1
40.4
3.1

p35.1
p40.4
p3.2

p34.9
p40.4
p3.2

p-0.2
P0
pO

N.A*=not available,

- 3 Over the past 12 months, the civilian labor force has increased by 1.3
million, with adult women and, to a lesser extent, adult men accounting for
the increase.
Civilian employment expanded by nearly 500,000 in July, seasonally
adjusted,
after
falling
by
a
similar
magnitude in June.
The
employment-population ratio rose to 59.9 percent, very high by historical
standards but still lower than the levels of the February-May period. (See
table A-2.)
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
Total nonagricultural payroll employment rose by 245,000 in July to
97.7 million, after adjustment for seasonality. As has been true thus far
this year, growth was concentrated in the service-producing sector.
Job
expansion occurred in about 59 percent of the industries in the BLS index
of diffusion. (See tables B-l and B-6.)
The largest over-the-month
gains
were
in
retail
trade
and
services—75,000 and 70,000, respectively.
These two industries have
accounted for two-thirds of the 3.1 million over-the-year increase in
nonagricultural employment.
In July, moderate job growth continued in
finance, insurance, and real estate.
Manufacturing employment was unchanged in
July
after
seasonal
adjustment at 19.4 million.
Employment declines in machinery and food
processing were largely offset by an increase in the apparel industry.
Employment... in construction, the only goods industry to show growth this
year, rose by 25,000 over the month, fully recouping a decline of the
previous month.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
The average workweek of production or nbnsupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls fell two-tenths of an hour in July, seasonally
adjusted, reflecting declines in the services sector. Both weekly hours iri
manufacturing and factory«overtime were unchanged. (See table B-2.)
•

The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls declined 0.2 percent in July to 116.0
(1977=100). At 93.4, the manufacturing index has been essentially at the
same level since April. (See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly earnings were unchanged in July; however, average weekly
earnings
fell
0.6
percent,
seasonally
adjusted, because of the
over-the-month drop in weekly hours. Prior to seasonal adjustment, average
hourly earnings declined by one cent to $8.54 and average weekly earnings
were down 36 cents to $301.46. Over the past year, hourly earnings have
risen by 22 cents and weekly earnings by $5.27. (See table B-3.)




- 4 The Hourly Earnings Index (Establishment Survey Data)
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 165.5 (1977-100) in
July,
seasonally adjusted, essentially unchanged from June. For the 12 months
ended in July, the increase was 2.8 percent. The HEI excludes the effects
of
two
types
of
changes
unrelated
to
underlying
wage
rate
movements—fluctuations in manufacturing
overtime
and
interindustry
employment shifts.
In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI
decreased 0.9 percent during the 12-month period ended in June. (See table
B-4.)




Explanatory Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys,
the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the
Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey).
The household survey provides the information on the labor
force, total employment, and unemployment that appears in
the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample
survey of about 59,500 households that is conducted by the
Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected
from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies.
The sample includes over 200,000 establishments employing over
35 million people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually
collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household
survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey
week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the
pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of technical
factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a
survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each
of these factors is explained below.
Coverage, definitions, and differences
between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are selected
so as to reflect the entire civilian nonlnstitutional population
16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is
classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.
Those who hold more than one job are classified according to
the job at which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all
as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or
on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether they were
paid or not. People are also counted as employed if they were
on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor and management, or personal reasons. Members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their
eligibility for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if
they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the survey week; they were available for work at




that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment
sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Also included among the
unemployed are persons not looking for work because they
were laid off and waiting to be recalled and those expecting to
report to a job within 30 days.
The labor force equals the sum of the number employed and
the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the
percentage of unemployed people in the labor force (civilian
plus the resident Armed Forces). Table A-5 presents a special
grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The
definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive
definition yields U-l and the most comprehensive yields U-7.
The overall unemployment rate is U-5a, while U-5b represents
the same measure with a civilian labor force base.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only
counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the
payroll records of nonagricultural firms. As a result, there are
many differences between the two surveys, among which are
the following:
— The household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a
larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture,
the self-employed, unpaid family workers, private household workers, and
members of the resident Armed Forces;
— The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed; the establishment survey does not;
— The household sdrvey is limited to those 16 years of age and older; the
establishment survey is not limited by age;
i
— The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees working at
more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be
counted separately for each appearance.

Other differences between the two surveys are described in
"Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and
Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS upon
request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as
changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.
For example, the labor force increases by a large number each
June, when schools close and many young people enter the job
market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very
large; over the course of a year, for example, seasonality may
account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular
pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in economic activity or increases in the participation
of women in the labor force, easier to spot. To return to the
school's-out example, the large number of people entering the
labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined.
However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can
be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the
seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
economic activity.
Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment
contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all
employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and
average hourly earnings include components based on the
employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the
components and combining them. The second procedure
usually yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figure
for the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted
civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed
Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally
adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and
the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of
the labor force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-Jur:o period
and again for the July-December period. The January revision
is applied to data that have been published over the previous 5
years. For the establishment survey, updated factors for
seasonal adjustment are calculated only once a year, along
with the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussed
at the end of the next section.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys
are subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the
number of people employed and the other estimates drawn
from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would
be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the
amount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other
factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the
chances are approximately 68 out of 100 that an estimate based
on the sample will differ by no more than the standard error




from the results of a complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will
differ by no more than 1.6 times the standard error from the
results of a complete census. At approximately the 90-percent
level of confidence—the confidence limits used by BLS in its
analyses—the error for the monthly change in total employment is on the order of plus or minus 328,000; for total
unemployment it is 220,000; and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage point. These figures do not
mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes but,
rather, that the chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that
the "true" level or rate would not be expected to differ from
the estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the
data are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or
annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the
larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the
Estimate of the size of the labor force is subject to less error
than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among
the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate of
adult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for
the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly
change in the jobless rate for men is .26 percentage point; for
teenagers, it is 1.25 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most current
months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these
estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the
returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are
revised. In other words, data for the month of September are
published in preliminary form in October and November and
in final form in December. To remove errors that build up
over time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes can be
measured. The.new benchmarks also incorporate changes in
the classification of industries and allow for the formation of
new establishments.
Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's employment situation* BLS regularly publishes a wide variety of data
in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by
BLS. It is available for $4.50 per issue or $31.00 per year from
the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
20204. A check or money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of
the standard errors for the household survey data published in
this release. For unemployment and other labor force
categories, the standard errors appear in tables B through J of
its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the
data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual
amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P, and Q of that publication.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the population, Including Armed Fore— In the Untied States, by sex
(Numbers In thousands)

_ _ ^ ^ _
Seasonally adjusted1

Employment status and sex

July
1984

June
1985

July
1985

July
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr .
1985

May
1985

June
1985

July
1985

TOTAL
Nonlnstltutional population*
Labor force1
Participation rate*
Total employed*
Employment-population ratio4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural Industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*
Not in labor force

78,138
17,896
66.2
09,182
61.3
1,698
07,484
3,948
03,536
8,714
7.4
60,242

179,798
118,274
65.8
109,521
60.9
1,702
107,819
3,634
104,185
8,753
7.4
61,524

179, 967
119, 240
6 6.3
110, 558
6 1.4
1, 704
108, 854
3, 711
105, 144
8, 682
7.3
60, 727

178,138
115,566
64.9
107,075
60.1
1,698
105,377
3,333
102,044
8,491
7.3
62,572

179 ,368
117 ,215
65.3
108 820
60.7
1 ,701
107 ,119
3 ,362
103 ,757
8 ,396
7.2
62 ,153

179,501
117,073
65.2
108,647
60.5
1,702
106,945
3,428
103,517
8,426
7.2
62,428

179,649
117,078
65.2
108,665
60.5
1,705
106,960
3,312
103,648
8,413
7.2
62,571

179,798
116,485
64.8
108,072
60. 1
1,702
106,370
3,138
103,232
8,413
7.2
63,313

179,967
117,018
65.0
108,566
60.3
1,704
106,862
3,126
103,737
8,451
7.2
62,949

85,179
67,206
78.9
62,533
73.4
1,551
60,982
4,674
7.0

85,970
67,077
78.0
62,368
72.5
1,552
60,816
4,709
7.0

86,052
67,646
78.6
63,042
73.3
1,554
61,488
4,604
6.8

85,179
65,412
76.8
60,687
71.2
1,551
59,136
4,725
7.2

85,764
65,923
76.9
61,427
71.6
1,553
59,874
4,495
6.8

85,827
65,986
76.9
61,405
71.5
1,553
59,852
4,582
6.9

85,898
66,032
76.9
61,553
71.7
1,556
59,997
4,479
6.8

85,970
65,608
76.3
60,959
70.9
1,552
59,407
4,649
7.1

86,052
65,900
76.6
61,256
71.2
1,554
59,702
4,644
7.0

92,958
50,689
54.5
46,649
50.2
147
46,502
4,040
8.0

93,828
51,197
54.6
47,153
50.3
150
47,003
4,044
7.9

93,915
51,594
54.9
47,516
50.6
150
47,366
4,078
7.9

92,958
50,154
54.0
46,388
49.9
147
46,241
3,766
7.5

93,603
51,293
54.8
47,392
50.6
148
47,244
3,900
7.6

93,674
51,08654.5
47,242
50.4
149
47,093
3,844
7.5

93,751
51,047
54.4
47,113
50.3
149
46,964
3,934
7.7

93,828
50,877
54.2
47,113
50.2
150
46,963
3,764
7.4

93,915
51,117
54.4
47,310
50.4
150
47,160
3,807
7.4

Men, 16 years and over
Nonlnstltutional population*
Labor force*
Participation rate'
Total employed*
Employment-population ratio* . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*
Women, 16 years and over
Nonlnstltutional population*
Labor force*
Participation rate'
Total employed*
Employment-population ratio4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*

' The population and Armed Forces figures mrm not adjusted for seasonal varlation;
therefore, Identical numbers appear In the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
' Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.




* Labor force as a percent of the nonlnstltutional population.
4
Total employment aa a percent of the nonlnstltutional population.
* Unemployment aa a percent of the labor force (including the resident Armed
Forces).

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civHian population by sex and
(Number* In thousands)

Seasonally •dfcieted'
Employment status, sax, and age

July
1984

June
1985

July
1985

July
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

May
1985

June
1985

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutionai population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Emosoyao
Employment-population ratio* . . .
Unsmptoyed
Unemployment rate

176,440
116,198
65.9
107,484
60.9
8,714
7.5

178,096
116,572
65.5
107,819
60.5
8,753
7.5

178,263
117,536
65.9
108,854
61.1
8,682
7.4

176,440
113,868
64.5
105,377
59.7
8,491
7.5

177,667
115,514
65.0
107,119
60.3
8,396
7.3

177,799
115,371
64.9
106,945
60.1
8,426
7.3

177,944
115,373
64.8
106,960
60.1
8,413
7.3

178,096
114,783
64.5
106,370
59.7
8,413
7.3

76,269
60,341
79.1
56,662
74.3
2,688
53,974
3,679
6.1

77,135
60,656
78.6
56,948
73.8
2,465
54,483
3,708
6.1

77,243
60,718
78.6
57,147
74.0
2,461
54,686
3,571
5.9

76,269
59,730
78.3
55,846
73.2
2,444
53,402
3,884
6.5

76,904
60,152
78.2
56,421
73.4
2,326
54,095
3,731
6.2

76,988
60,177
78.2
56,370
73.2
'2,390
53,980
3,807
6.3

77,068
60,214
78.1
56,563
73.4
2,370
54,193
3,651
6.1

77,135
60,100
77.9
56,209
72.9
2,266
53,944
3,891
6.5

85,488
45,746
53.5
42,499
49.7
707
41,792
3,246
7.1

86,477
46,874
54.2
43,727
50.6
688
43,039
3,148
6.7

86,575
46,769
54.0
43,531
50.3
720
42,811
3,238
6.9

85,488
46,131
54.0
43,001
50.3
580
42,421
3,130
6.8

86,181
47,193
54.8
44,014
51.1
659
43,355
3,179
6.7

86,274
47,155
54.7
43,958
51.0
651
43,307
3,197
6.8

86,380
47,077
54.5
43,846
50.8
597
43,249
3,231
6.9

86,477
47,180
54.6
44,032
50.9
558
43,474
3,148
6.7

14,683
10,111
68.9
8,323
56.7
553
7,770
1,788
17.7

14,483
9,041
62.4
7,144
49.3
480
6,663
1,898
21.0

14,445
10,049
69.6
8,176
56.6
530
7,646
1,873
18.6

14,683
8,007
54.5
6,530
44.5
309
6,221
1,477
18.4

14,582
8,169
56.0
6,684
45.8
377
6,307
1,485
18.2

14,538
8,039
55.3
6,617
45.5
387
6,230
1,422
17.7

14,496
8,082
55.8
6,551
45.2
345
6,206
1,531
18.9

14,483
7,502
51.8
6,128
42.3
313
5,815
1,374
18.3

Men, 20 years and over
OriHan noninstitutionai population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1 . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutionai population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio* . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutionai population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio* . . .

Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear In the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.




' Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutionai population,

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
(Number* in thousands)

status, race, sex, age, and
I Us panic origin

Not
July
1984

June
1985

July
1985

July
1984

Har.
1985

Apr.
1985

Nay
1985

June
1985

July
1985

WHITE
152,286
100,488
66.0
94,257
61.9
6,231
6.2

153,597
100,833
65.6
94,261
61.4
6,573
6.5

153,717
101,498
66.0
95,138
61.9
6,361
6.3

152,286
98,627
64.8
92,389
60.7
6,238
6.3

153,296
100,035
65.3
93,785
61.2
6,250
6.2

153,388
99,805
65.1
93,544
61.0
6,262
6.3

153,489
99,768
65.0
93,539
60.9
6,230
6.2

153,597
99,441
64.7
92,990
60.5
6,451
6.5

153,717
99,735
64.9
93,374
60.7
6,362
6.4

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

52,967
79.5
50,311
75.5
2,656
5.0

53,257
79.1
50,378
74.8
2,879
5.4

53,274
79.0
50,557
75.0
2,717
5.1

52,393
78.6
49,509
74.3
2,884
5.5

52,823
78.6
49,995
74.4
2,828
5.4

52,866
78.6
49,970
74.3
2,896
5.5

52,853
78.5
50,098
74.4
2,756
5.2

52,798
78.4
49,732
73.8
3,066
5.8

52,754
78.2
49,810
73.9
2,944
5.6

'
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

38,865
52.8
36,518
49.6
2,347
6.0

39,772
53.5
37,457
50.4
2,315
5.8

39,691
53.3
37,339
50.2
2,352
5.9

39,282
53.4
36,987
50.3
2,295
5.8

40,158
54.1
37,798
51.0
2,360
5.9

40,024
53.9
37,686
50.8
2,338
5.8

39,961
53.8
37,609
50.6
2,352
5.9

40,102
53.9
37,759
50.8
2,343
5.8

40,130
53.9
37,831
50.8
2,299
5.7

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

8,655
71.6
7,428
61.4
1,228
14.2
15.4
12.9

7,804
65.6
6,425
54.0
1,379
17.7
17.2
18.2

8,533
71.9
7,242
61.0
1,291
15.1
15.6
14.6

6,952
57.5
5,893
48.7
1,059
15.2
17.4
12.9

7,054
59.1
5,992
50.2
1,062
15.1
15.2
14.9

6,915
58.0
5,888
49.4
1,027
14.9
15.3
14.3

6,954
58.5
5,832
49.0
1,122
16.1
16.8
15.3

6,541
55.0
5,499
46.3
1,042
15.9
16.7
15.1

6,852
57.7
5,733
48.3
1,119
16.3
17.5
15.0

19,360
12,536
64.8
10,334
53.4
2,202
17.6

19,646
12,544
63.8
10,641
54.2
1,903
15.2

19,675
12,799
65.0
10,747
54.6
2,052
16.0

19,360
12,083
62.4
10,079
52.1
2,004
16.6

19,569
12,280
62.8
10,412
53.2
1,869
15.2

19,594
12,403
63.3
10,508
53.6
1,894
15.3

19,620
12,370
63.0
10,438
53.2
1,932
15.6

19,646
12,269
62.5
10,551
53.7
1,718
14.0

19,675
12,347
62.8
10,493
53.3
1,854
15.0

•5,769
75.8
4,860
63.9
909
15.8

5,771
74.7
5,062
65.5
709
12.3

5,805
75.0
5,054
65.3
751
12.9

5,709
75.1
4,826
63.4
883
15.5

5,683
73.9
4,929
64.1
754
13.3

5,713
74.2
4,937
64.1
776
13.6

5,731
74.3
4,954
64.2
777
13.6

5,725
74.1
5,027
65.1
699
12.2

5,745
74.2
5,019
64.9
726
12.6

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,539
57.7
4,751
49.5
788
14.2

5,728
58.7
5,005
51.3
722
12.6

5,699
58.3
4/922
50.3
•777
13.6

5,525
57.6
4,763
49.6
762
13.8

5,684
58.5
4,953
51.0
731
12.9

5,767
59.3
5,008
51.5
759
13.2

5,716
58.6
4,934
50.6
782
13.7

5,714
58.5
5,010
51.3
704
12.3

5,687
58.1
4,937
50.5
750
13.2

Bath sexes, 16 to 10 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

1,228
57.0
723
33.5
505
41.1
40.3
42.0

1,045
48.4
574
26.6
472
45.1
44.9
45.4

1,295
60.1
771
35.8
524
40.4
41.1
39.8

849
39.4
490
22.7
359
42.3
42.3
42.2

913
42.1
530
24.4
383
41.9
40.9
43.1

923
42.6
563
26.0
360
39.0
38.5
39.5

923
42.7
550
25.5
373
40.4
38.4
42.5

830
38.4
514
23.8
316
38.1
40.7
35.2

715
42.4
537
24.9
378
41.3
45."
3«- :

11,180
7,407
66.3
6,621
59.2
787
10.6

11,514
7,49*
65.1
6,709
58.3
790
10.5

11,544
7,614
66.0
6,753
58.5
861
11.3

11,180
7,264
65.0
6,503
58.2
761
10.5

11,425
7,365
64.5
6,615
57.9
750
10.2

11,457
7,336
64.0
6,577
57.4
759
10.3

11,485
7,330
63.8
6,546
57.0
784
10.7

11,514
7,416
64.4
6,629
57.6
787
10.6

11,544
7,470
64.7
6,634
57.5
836
11.2

Civilian noninstitutional population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Ovttian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

* The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal veMatlon; therefore, identical
numbers appear In the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
1
Civilian employment aa a percent of the civilian nonmstNutional population.




NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hlspanic-orlgin groups will not sum to t-*»is
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanlcs are inc - '^ J
in both the white and Mack population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Selected employment indicators
(Numbers In thousands)
adjusted
Category
July
1984

Mar.
1985

July
1984

July
1985

June
1985

Apr .
1985

July
1985

June
1985

May
1985

CHARACTERISTIC
Civilian employed, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present . . . .
Married women, spouse present..
Women who maintain families . . .

107,484
39,395
25,022
5,628

107,819
39,169
25,660
5,724

108,854
39,294
25,585
5,635

105,377
39, 123
25,719
5,626

107, 119
39,531
26,195
5,631

1,924
1,704
320

1,845
1,572
217

1,845
1,625
240

1,519
1,557
220

1,610
1,502
263

106,945
39,434
26,058
5,622

106,960
39,244
25,951
5,683

106,370
38,897
26,130
5,696

106,862
39,060
26,295
5,624

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

1 ,705
1,491
231

1 ,538
1,446
154

1,611
1,507
196

1 ,461
1,487
168

95,389
15,105
80,284
1,367
78,917
7,810
337

96, 153
15,572
80,581
1,318
79,263
7,725
307

97,117
15,320
81 ,797
1 ,384
80,413
7,746
281

93,768
15,639
78, 129
1,238
76,891
7,744
318

95,756
16,004
79,752
1,210
78,542
7,809
320

95,617
15,968
79,649
1,208
78,441
7,696
304

95,772
15,905
79,866
1 ,259
78,607
7,665
283

95,229
15,988
79,242
1,204
78,038
7,694
292

95,456
15,843
79,613
1 ,258
78,355
7,692
264

All industries:
Part time for economic reasons .
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time. .1

6,543
2,336
3,775
10,623

6,119
2,434
3,263
11,750

6,366
2,361
3,627
11 ,060

5,759
2,373
2,832
13,248

5,664
2,599
2,744
13,624

5,664
2,580
2,755
13,278

5,912
2,658
2,888
12,905

5,533
2,543
2,706
13,398

5,624
2,404
2,752
13,791

Nonagricultural industries:,
Part time for economic reasons .
Slack work
'...,'
Could only find part-tirne work
Voluntary part time:

6,201
2, 168
3,612
10,144

5,793
2,250
3,138
11,29.7

6,003
2,184
3,455
10,608

5,482
2,214
2,756
12,786

5,400
2,405
2,649
13,137

5,374
2,390
2,668
12,834

5,617
2,457
2,803
12,483

5,257
2,341
2,646
12,970

5,350
2,242
2,668
13,343

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 1

1
Excludes persons " w i t h a job but not at work" during the survey period for such
reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.

Table A-5. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force,
seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Quarterly averages
Measure

II
U-1

U-2 . Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force

U-4

IV

II

May

July

Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the
civilian labor force

U-3

III

Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the
civilian labor force
Unemployed full-time jobseekers as a percent of the full-time
civilian labor force

2.4

2.3

3.9

3.8

5.8

5.7

2.1
3.7

5.6

2.0

2.0

1.9

2.0

2.0

3.7

3.6

3.4

3.6

3.8

5.7

5.7

5.5

5.8

5.6

7.0

6.9

6.8

6.8

7.0

7.2

7.1

Total unemployed as a percent of the labor force, Including the
resident Armed Forces

7.4

7.3

7.1

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

U-5b

Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force

7.5

7.4

7.2

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

U-6

Total full-time jobseekers plus V* part-time jobseekers plus Vi total on part time
for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less Y> of the
part-time labor force

U-7

Total full-time jobseekers plus V» part-time jobseekers plus V* total on part
time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of the
civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less Vi of the
part-time labor force

U-Sa

N.A = not available.



7.0

9.8

9.8

11.1

10.9

10.7

9.7

N.A.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Selected unemployment

, seasonally adjusted
Number of
•ployed per
(tat thousands)

Unemployment

Category

July
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr .
1985

Nay
1985

June
1985

July
1985

8,451
4,644
3,767
3,807
3, 125
1,559

7.
7.
6.
7.
6.
18.

7.
7.
6.
7.
6.
18.

7.
7.
6.
7.
6.
17.

7.
6.
6.
7.
6.
18.

7.
7.
6.
7.
6,
18.

7.
7.
6.
7.
6.
19.

1 ,881
1 ,631
618

1,779
1,597
642

4
5,
9

4.
5.
10.

4.
5.
10.8

4.
5.
10.

4.
5,
9,

4.
5.
10.

7,010
1,534

6,741
1 ,591

6,964
1,551

7.2
9.6
8.5

6.8
10.3
8.3

6,
9,
8,

7.
9.
8,

6 ,254
80
829
1,671
913
758
351
1,681
1 ,642
731
254

6,290
114
794
1,726
1,073
653
321
1,673
1,661
629
212

6,255
101
777
1,758
1,055
703
356
1,651
1,613
680
245

7.
7.
14.
7.
6.
8.
5.
7.
5.
4.
14.

7.
11.
13.
7.
8.
7.
5.
7,
5,
3,
12

7.
9.
13.
8.
8,.
8.
5.
7.
5.
4.
14.

July
1984

June
1985

8,491
4,725
3,884
3,766
3,130
1,477

8,413
4,649
3,891
3,764
3,148
1 ,374

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

1 ,855
1 ,595
609

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Labor force time lost1

July
1985

CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both s e x e s , 1 6 t o 19years

6.
9.
8.

6.9
9.7
8.2

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utitities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

1
Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
* Aggregate hours- lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic

7.
11,
13.
7.
7,
8,
4.
7
5,
3,
12,

7.
10.
13.
8.
7.
8.
5.
7,
5.
3,
13,

reasons as a percent of potentiaily available labor force hours.

Table A-7. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers In thousands)
lly adjusted
Weeks of unemployment

July
1984

June
1985

July
1985

July
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

May
1985

June
1985

July
1985

3,642
2,649
2,423
815
1,608

4,281
2,178
2,294
1,0*3
1,281

3,818
2,724
2,139
866
1,272

3,409
2,449
2,672
1,088
1,584

3,590
2,478
2,400
1,065
1,335

3,558
2,525
2,377
1,022
1,354

3,659
2,635
2,247
1,040
1,207

3,458
2,547
2,317
1,011
1,306

3,578
2,508
2,348
1,094
1,254

14.7
6. 1

18.0
7.6

15.9
7.1

16. 1
6.7

14.9
6.2

15.4
6.6

15.4
7.2

100.0
42.1
29.8
28.1
12.1
16.0

100.0
42.8
30.8
26.3
12.2
14.1

100,
41,
30.
27.8
12.2
15.7

100.0
42.4
29.7
27.8
13.0
14.9

DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks.
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 w e e k s and over
Average (mean) duration, In weeks
Median duration, in weeks

17.0
6.5

14.8
5.2

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over




100.
41,
30.
27.8
9.4
18.5

100.
48.
24.
26.
11.
14.

100.
44.
31.
24.
10.
14.

100.
40.
28.
31.
12.8
18.6

100.
42.
29,
28.
12.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A4. Reason for unemployment
(Numbers tw

Seasonally adjusted

Reason

July
1984

June
1985

July
1985

July
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr .
1985

May
1985

June
1985

July
1985

4,258
1,091
3,167
880
2,154
1,421

3,818
990
2,828
918
2,518
1,500

4,125
1 ,054
3,071
940
2,186
1 ,429

4,475
1,165
3,310
850
2,111
1,092

4,158
1 , 163
2,995
848
2,341
1,090

4,228
1 ,208
3,019
838
2,312
1,072

3,935
1,059
2,876
868
2,428
1,159

4,128
1,124
3,004
1,001
2,219
1,017

4,333
1,130
3,203
902
2,143
1,097

100.0
48.8
12.
36.
10.
24.
16.

100.
43.
11.
32.
10.
28.8
17.1

100.0
47.5
12. 1
35.4
10.8
25.2
16.5

100.
52.
13.
38.8
10.0
24.8
12.8

100.0
49.3
13.8
35.5
10.0
27.7
12.9

100.
50.
14.
35.
9.
27.
12.

100.
46.
12.
34.
10.
28.

100.
49.
13.
35.
12,
26.
12.

100.0
51. 1
13.3
37.8
10.6
25.3
12.9

3.6
.8
1.9
1.2

3 2
.8
2.2
1.3

3.5
.8
1 .9
1 .2

3.9
.7
1.9
1.0

3.6
.7
2.0
.9

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

t

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3. 7
.7
2.0
.9

3.4
.8
2. 1

i .0

3.6
.9
1.9
.9

3.8
.8
1.9
1.0

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)

Sex and age

Unemployment rates*

July
1984

June
1985

July
1985

July
1984

Mar .
1985

Apr .
1985

May
19*85

June
1985

July
1985

8,491
3,285
1,477
635
816
1,808
5,202
4,576
663

8,413
3,138
1,374
639
729
1,764
5,321
4,640
635

8,451
3,301
1,559
705
831
1,742
5,158
4,522
668

7
13
18
20
16
11
5
6.
4,

7
13
1-8
20
16
11
5
5,
4.

7.3
13.3
17.7
20.7
15.8
11.0
5.7
6. 1
4.0

7.
14.
18.
21 .
17.
11 .8
5.5

7,
13,
18.
21.
16.
11.
5.
6.
4.

7
14
19
22
17
11.
5,
5.
4.

Men, 16 years and over...
16 to 24 years
16to19years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years.
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over . . .

4,725
1,838
841
354
469
997
2,863
2,477
404

4,649
1,746
758
386
381
988
2,902
2,505
397

4,644
1,835
877
381
479
958
2,801
2,412
403

7.
14,
20.
22.
18.
11.
5.
5.
4.

7.
13.
18.
22.
'15.
11.
5.
5.
3.

7.
13.
18.
21.
16.
11.
5.
5.
3.

6.9
14.8
19.
22.
17.
12.
5.
5.
4.

7.
14.
19.
24.
16.
11.
5.
5.
4.

7.2
14.8
20.9
22.8
19.2
11.7
5.4
5.6
4.6

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
v
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over . . .

3,766
1,447
636
281
347
811
2,339
2,099
259

3,764
1,392
616
253
348
776
2,419
2,136
237

3,807
1,467
682
324
352
785
2,357
2,110
265

7.5
12.7
16.4
18.7
14.7
10.8
6.0
6.4
4.2

7.
13.
18.
19.
17.
10.
6.
6.
4.

7.5
12.9
17. 1
19.8
15.5
10.7
.6.0
'6.3
4 .2

7.
13.
18.
19.
17.
10.
6.
6.
4.

7.
12.
17.
18.
16.
10.
6.
6.
3.

7,
13.
18.
21.
15.8
10.6

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16to17years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

1

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Employment status of black and other workers
(Numbers In thousands)
I ssMOwaWy adtusted
Employment status

Civilian nonlnstitutional population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

July
1984

June
1985

July
1985

July
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr .
1985

, May
1985

June
1985

July
1985

24,154
15,710
65.0
13,227
54.8
2,483
15.8
8,444

24,498
15,739
64.2
13,558
55.3
2,180
13.9
8,760

24,546
16,038
65.3
13,717
55.9
2,321
14.5
8,508

24,154
15,173
62.8
12,929
53.5
2,244
14.8
8,981

24,371
15,528
63.7
13,368
54.9
2,160
13.9
8,843

24,411
15,572
63.8
13,410
54.9
2,161
13.9
8,839

24,455
15,552
63.6
13,362
54.6
2,190
14.1
8,903

24,498
15,448
63.1
13,471
55.0
1,978
12.8
9,050

24,546
15,513
63.2
13,421
54.7
2,093
13.5
9,033

' The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adtueted columns.

Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian nonlnstitutional population.

Table A-11. Occupational status of the employed and unemployed, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers In thousands)
CIvilMfi easployed

Unemployment i

July
1984

July
1985

107,484

108,854

8,714

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

24,423
11,744
12,679

25,283
12,391
12,892

754
327
428

709
337
372

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

33,337
3,249
12,961
17,128

33,422
3,245
12,730
17,448

1,664
95
654
915

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

14,525
1,039
1,734
11,751

14,793
1,063
1,776
11,955

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

13,445
4,399
4,834
4,212

13,693
4,585
4,993
4,115

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

17,338
7,979
4,572
4,787
854
3,933
4,416

Total, 16 years and over'

Farming, forestry, and fishing
'Persons with no previous work experience and those whose last job was in the Armed
Forces are included in the unemployed total.




July
1984

July
1985

July
1984

July
1985

7.5

7.4

3.0
2.7
3.3

2.7
2.6
2.8

1,735
130
661
944

4.8
2.8
4.8
5. 1

4.9
3.8
4.9
5. 1

1,466
83
91
1,292

1,373
81
96
1,195

9,2
7.4
5.0
9.9

8.
7.
5.
9.

962
200
491
270

940
219
428
. 293

6.7
4.4
9.2
6.0

6.
4.
7.
6.

17,339
8,013
4,551
4,775
, 839
3,936

2,088
914
388
787
183
604

2,143
991
424
728
143
584

10.8
10.
7.
14.
17.
13.

11.
11.
8.
13.
14.
12.

4,323

283

290

6.0

6.3

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Tabts A-12. Employment status of mala Vlainam-ara vatarana and nonvatarans by aga, not aoaaonally adjuatad
(Numbers in thousands)

CtVWoMt IsMOT fOIQ#

Veteran status

CWHIan
nonlnatHMttoffial
populatton
Total
PaMOQMt wt

July
1984

July
1985

July
1984

July
1985

July
1984

July
1985

7,450
6,445
1,711
3,300
1,434
1,005

7,660
6,514
1,361
3,368
1,785
1,146

7,029
6,243
1,658
3,198
1,387
786

7,154
6,256
1,301
3,232
1,723
898

6,647
5,890
1,542
3,029
1,319
757

6,831
5,960.
1,228
3,071
1,661
871

16,283
7,419
4,760
4,104

17,274
8,010
4,951
4,313

July
1984

July
1985

July
1984

July
1985

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total. 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over

382
353
116
169
68
29

323
296
73
161
62
27

5.4
5.7
7.0
5.3
4.9
3.7

4.5
4.7
5.6
5.0
3.6
3.0

825
407
244
174

830
410
229
191

5.3
5.8
5.4
4.5

5.1
5.4
4.9
4.7

NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 year J

15,430
7,060
4,500
3,870

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are man who served in the Armed Forces between
August 5.1964 and May 7,1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most
closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.




16,390
7,658
4,685
4,047

14,605
6,653
4,256
3,696

15,560
7,248
4,456
3,856

Data for 25- to 29-yearold veterans are no longer shown in this table because tha group
Is rapidly disappearing Onto the 30-34 age category) and the numbers remaining for soma
labor force categories are not large enough to warrant their continued publication.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employment status of the civilian population for eleven large States
(Numbers in thousands)
State awtf

July
1984

June
1985

July
1985

July
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

May
1985

June
1985

July
1985

19,008
12,710
11,645
1.065
8.4

19,274
12,763
11,799
964
7.6

19,300
12,877
11,884
993
7.7

: .008
12,536
11,546
990
7.9

19,206
12,818
11,928
890
6.9

19,228
12,817
11,877
940
7.3

19,251
12,689
11,785
904
7.1

19,274
12,716
11,720
996
7.8

19,300
12,710
11,799
911
7.2

8,594
5,179
4,827
352
6.8

8,766
5,239
4,877
362
6.9

8,782
5,268
4,900
368
7.0

8,594
5,101
4,750
351
6.9

8,721
5,337
4,997
340
6.4

8,736
5,326
4,969
357
6.7

8,751
5,251
4,977
274
5.2

8,766
5,218
4,859
359
6.9

8,782
5,204
4,841
363
7.0

8,613
5,676
5,186
490
8.6

8,646
5,757
5,218
539
9.4

8,649
5,747
5,233
514
8.9

8,613
5,569
5,099
470
8.4

8,639
5,625
5,190
435
7.7

8,641
5,684
5,151
533
9.4

8,643
5,763
5,211
552
9.6

8,646
'5,675
5,169
506
8.9

8,649
5,648
5,153
495
8.8

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

4,519
3,099
2,965
135
4.3

4,561
3,139
3,016
123
3.9

4,565
3,127
2,993
134
4.3

4,519
3,054
2,918
136
4.5

4,551
3,070
2,941
129
4.2

4,554
3,085
2,962
123
4.0

4,558
3,104
2,983
121
3.9

4,561
3,111
2,997
114
3.7

4,565
3,081
2,944
137
4.4

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,764
4,507
3,998
509
11.3

6,814
4,399
3,950
450
10.2

6,819
4,393
3,918
476
10.8

6,764
4,375
3,879
496
11.3

6,802
4,455
4,041
414
9.3

6,806
4,376
3,930
446
10.2

6,810
4,309
3,874
435
10.1

6,814
4,299
3,856
443
10.3

6,819
4,268
3,804
464
10.9

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,842
3,909
3,663
247
6.3

5,894
3,901
3,687
214
5.5

5,900
3,971
3,733
238
6.0

5,842
3,829
3,590
239
6.2

5,881
3,864
3,633
231
6.0

5,885
3,843
3,606
237
6.2

5,890
3,801
3,621
180
4.7

5,894
3,847
3,639
208
5.4

5,900
3,893
3,662
231
5.9

13,634
8,341
7,661
680
8.2

13,709
8,289
7,740
549
6.6

13,716
8,478
7,962
516
6.1

13,634
8,116
7,465
651
8.0

13,691
8,111
7,576
535
6.6

13,696
8,193
7,625
568
6.9

13,702
8,184
7,585
599
7.3

13,709
8,216
7,690
526
6.4

13,716
8,241
7,756
485
5.9

4,576
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

4,656
3,115
2,945
170
5.5

4,663
3,146
2,969
177
5.6

•4,576
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)

4,635
3,058
2,894
164
5.4

4,641
3,042
2,865
177
5.8

4,648
3,065
2,884
181
5.9

4,656
3,071
2,929
142
4.6

4,663
3,069
2,903
166
5.4

Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

8,056
5,296
4,848
447
8.4

8,080
5,157
4,716
440
8.5

8,083
5,249
4,761
488
9.3

8,056
5,133
4,675
458
8.9

8,075
5,179
4,704
475
9.2

8,076
5,176
4,711
465
9.0

8,078
5,057
4,668
389
7.7

8,080
5,044
4,612
432
8.6

8,083
5,099
4,595
504
9.9

Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

9,211
5,679
5,139
540
9.5

9,239.
5,685
5,168
517
9.1

9,242
5,738
5,288
450
7.8

9,211
5,529
5,001
528
9.5

9,234
5,575
5,114
461
8.3

9,236
5,560
5,068
492
8.8

9,239
5,624
5,128
496
8.8

9,242
5,569
5,137
432
7.8

11,447
8,089
7,579
510
• 6.3

11,572
8,055
7,431
624
7.7

11,584
8,164
7,539
625
7.7

11,550
7,966
7,442
524
6.6

11,561
7,919
7,375
544
6.9

11,572
7,931
7,358
573
7.2

11,584
8,033
7,444
589
7.3

California
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Illinois
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Massscrtuoetls

New York
Civilian noninstitutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Nwtn CafoNna
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed

Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Texas
Civilian noninstitutional population.
CMIIan labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used in the administration of Federal fund allocation programs.
1

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical
http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/
numbers appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted columns.

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

' Official estimates for North Carolina prior to 1985 are not derived from the i
household survey. Consequently, seasonally adjusted data are not published.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Industry
July
1984

Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors

Nay
1985

June
1985P

July
1985 p

July
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

May
1985

June
1985 Pj

94,510

97,787

98,353

97,636 94,615

96,910

97,120

97,421

97,449

791,287

81,247

82,056

82,162 78,655

80,767

80,962

81,208

81,270

25,085

25,062

25,357

25,292 24,842

25,056

25,090

25,066

25,009

993
617.2

977
614.7

985
620.3

985
619.5

979
613

.977
618

982
623

982
624

974
619

4,834
4,627
4,677
4,951
1 , 2 4 3 . 9 1 , 2 3 0 . 1 1,274.7 1,309.4

4,354
1,162

4,553
1,223

4,641
1,233

4,658
1,234

4,635
1,221

Manufacturing
Production workers

19,465
13,316

19,408
13,206

19,538
13,298

19,356 19,509
13,118 13,391

19,526
13,309

19,467
13,249

19,426
13,203

19,400
13,178

Durable goods
Production workers

11,570
7,764

11,603
7,735

11,649
7,755

11.526 11,589
7,630 7,802

11,651
7,776

11,608
7,730

11,586
7,704

11,560
7,673

722
483
613
808
303
1,459
2,175.8
2,199
1,974.1
864
724
364

708
489
597
865
339
1,475
2,220
2,224
1,911
837
716
384

701
499
601
832
311
1,480
2,220
2,243
1,969
867
727
379

694
497
600
823
306
1,479
2,207
2,223
1,982
876
726
377

697
493
599
819
305
1,477
2,203
2,216
1,981
873
723
378

695
494
598
815
303
1,472
2,194
2,202
1,990
874
7 24
376

7,830
5,488

7,920
5,589

7,875
5,533

7,859
5,519

7,840
5,499

7,840
5,505

1,667.3
60.8
690
1,121
684
1,423
1,047
182
787
164

1,625
65
748
1,201
684
1,379
1,050
188
786
194

1,638
66
706
1,167
682
1,407
1,052
183
798
176

1,630
66
707
1,164
681
1,411
1,049
182
795
174

1,634
66
701
1,133
682
1,414
1,044
181
791
174

1,645
66
699
1,141
684
1,422
1,042
180
788
173

72,344 69,773

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products . .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing

728.9
476.9
609.8
863.0
342.8
1,463

2,213
2,220
1,900
853
717
37 6
7,895
5,552
1,662.
60.
735.
1,161,
686.
1,373.
1,056.
192.
781.
185.

698.
491.
603.
827.
310.
1,475.
2,203.
2,212.
1,993.
882.
721.
376.
7,805
5,471
1,591.5
61.1
702.4
1,161.0
680.5
1,413.8
1,043.8
181.3
793.8
175.3

716.
493.
612.
825.
308.
1,480.
2,202.
2,213.
1,999.
884.
727.
378.
7,889
5,543
1,640.
61.
702,
1,161.
690.
1,423.
1,051.
182.
797.
177.

69,425

72,725

72,996

71,854

72,030

72,355

72,440

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation
Communication and public utilities

5,192
2,929
2,263

5,303
3,066
2,237

5,342
3,083
2,259

5,319
3,049
2,270

5,174
2,932
2,242

5,269
3,028
2,241

5,278
3,037
2,241

5,301
3,057
2,244

' 5,295
3,049
2,246

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

5,583
3,299
2,284

5,741
3,402
2,339

5,798
3,433
2,365

5,799
3,437
2,362

5,557
3,286
2,271

5,714
3,377
2,337

5,733
3,388
2,345

5,748
3,402
2,346

5,766
3,413
2,353

16,710
2,231.3
2,649.5
1,828.2
5,601.7

17,357
2,292.8
2,806.3
1,892.0
5,767.8

17,557
2,301.2
2,831.4
1,912.5
5,890.0

1 7 , 6 1 7 16,623
2,279
2,318.6
2,649
2,849.9
1,807
1,918.0
5,447
5,924.5

17,249
2,349
2,790
1,873
5,615

17,280
2,348
2,794
1,884
5,642

17,392
2,371
2,823
1,890
5,660

17,435
2,360
2,831
1,895
5,702

5,771
2,882
1,764
1,125

5,884
2,950
1,806
1,128

5,971
2,989
1,819
1,163

5,693
2,858
1,755
1,080

5,835
2,933
1,792
1,110

5,858
2,941
1,799
1,118

5,888
2,956
1,808
1,124

5,909
2,971
1,814
1,124

20,946 21,900 22,031 22,121 20,766
4,127.7 4,406.0 4,452.0 4,476.3 4,102
6,143.5 6,227.6 6,274.4 6,293.3 6,111

21,644
4,377
6,204

21,723
4,402
6,218

21,813
4,424
6,240

21,856
4,439
6,243

15,474 15,960
2,908 2,805
3,564 3,712
9,002 9,443

16,143
2,850
3,744
9,549

16,158
2,859
3,749
9,550

16,213
2,873
3,759
9,581

16,179
2,854
3,749
9,576

Retail trade . . . '
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service s t a t i o n s . . . .
Ealing and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance

Insurance
Real estate
Services

Business services
Health services
Government
Federal

State
Local
p = preliminary.




15,223
2,857
3,522
8,844

16,540
2,879
3,812
9,849

16,297
2,897
3,652
9,748

6,014
3,012
1,824
1,178

1985 P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
1

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls by industry
Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

July
1984
Total private

Mining

May
1985

June
1985P

July
1985P

July
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

May
1985

June
1985P

July
1985P

35.6

35.0

35.3

35.3

35.3

35.2

35.0

35.1

35.1

34.9

43.0

43.5

43.7

43.3

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Construction

38.5

38.1

38.1

38.7

37.5

38.1

38.0

37.6

37.2

37.7

Manufacturing
Overtime hours

40.3
3.2

40.3
3.1

40.6
3.3

40.1
3.1

40.5
3.3

40.4
3.2

40.2
3.4

40.4
3.1

40.4
3.2

40.4
3.2

Durable goods
Overtime hours

40.9
3.4

41.0
3.2

41.4
3.4

40.7
3.2

41.3
3.5

41.1
3.5

40.9
3.6

41.1
3.2

41.2
3.3

41.0
3.3

39.5
39.2
42.2
41.3
40.3
40.8
41.4
40.4
41.9
42.6
40.9
38.9

40.1
38.7
42.4
41.2
40.8
41.1
41.2
40.2
42.7
43.9
40.8
39.2

40,
39,
42.
41.8
41.7
41,
41.
40.
42.
43.
41.
39.

40.
38.
42.
41.
41.
40.8
40.8
39.
41.
42.
40.
38.

39.5
39.8
41.9
41.5
40.1
41.3
41
40
42
42
41
39

39,
39,
42,
41,
40.
41.1
41.6
40.
42.
43.
41.
39.1

39.
39.
42.
41.
40.
41.
41.
40.
42.
43.
40.
39.

39.8
38.9
42.1
41
40
41
41,
40,
42.
43,
40,
39,

40.2
39.0
41.9
41.6
41
41
41
40
42
42
41
39

40
39
42
41
41
41
41
40.4
42.2
42.8
40.9
39.1

39.4
3.1

39.3
2.8

39.6
3.0

39.4
3.0

39.5
3.1

39.4
2.9

39.1
3.0

39.4
2.9

39.4
3.0

39.5
3.0

39.
37,
39.
36.
43,
37.
41.
43.8
41.2
37.3

40.0
37.1
39.0
36.2
42.8
37.3
41.9
41.7
40.9
37.4

39.
37.
39.
36.
43.
37,
42,
42.8
41.1
38.1

40.1
34.8
38.8
36.2
42.8
37.3
42.
42,
40.
37,

39.7
38.3
39.8
36.1
43.2
37.8
41.9
43.5
(2)
36.9

39.8
38.9
39.1
36.1
42.9
37.6
42.1
43.3
(2)
37.1

39.6
35.4
38.8
35.6
43,
37,
41,
42,
(2)
37.0

40.1
37.0
38
36
43
37
41
41
(2)
37.1

39
36
39
36
42
37
41
42
(2)
37.1

40.1
35.5
39.3
36.3
42.8
37.5
42.3
42.3
(2)
37.4

Transportation and public utilities

40.0

39.3

39.6

39.5

39.7

39.5

39.4

39.5

39.4

39.2

Wholesale trade

38.8

38.7

38.8

38.7

38.6

38.7

38.6

38.7

38.7

38.5

30.0

29.8

29.7

29.9

29.9

29.6

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

32.7

32.8

32.7

32.6

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
•*,
Blast furnaces and basic steel products .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products ....
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

Retail trade

30.7

29.8

30.2

30.3

Finance, insurance, and real estate

36.7

36.3

36.7

36.4

Services

33.2

32.7

1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; to construction
workers in construction; and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private
nonagricultural payrolls.




32.9

33.0

32.8

32.8

' This series is not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is
small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot
be separated with sufficient precision.
p = preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Takes B4. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsuporvisory worker*1 on private nonagricultural
by Industry
Avsraga weekly earnings

Total private
Seasonally adjusted

Construction

July
1984

May
1985

June
1985 P

July
1985

$8.32
8.35

$8.53
8.54

$8.55
.8.57

$8.54
8.57

11.63

11.86

11.98

.11.98

500.09

515.91

523.53

518.73

12.06

12.19

12.13

12.15

464.31

464.44

462.15

470.21

Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal Industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products..
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

July
P 1984

May
1985

June
1985

July
1985

$296.19 $298.55 $301.82 J 3 0 1 . 4 6
294.76 299.75 300.81 2 9 9 . 0 9

9.19

9.48

9.50

9.53

370.36

382.04

385.70

382.15

9.73
8.06

10.04
8.12
7.11
9.80
11.63
13.31
9.63
10.22
9.39
12.63
13.38
9.13
7.28

10.07
8.25

10.09
8.29

11.65
13.27
9.65
10.26
9.47
12.66
13.39
9.15
7.28

11.67
13.29
9.69
10.31
9.51
12.58
13.27
9.23
7.34

397.96
318.77
269.30
406.81
474.54
525.11
381.48
412.34
363.60
509.50
539.32
363.19
275.02

411.64
325.61
275.16
415.52
479.57
543.05
395.79
421.06
377.48
53-9.30
587.38
372.50
285.38

417.31
337.43
282.57
418.20
486.97
553.36
400.48
426.82
384.48
539.32
578.45
376.07
286.50

410.66
331.60277.20
419.90
479.64
550.21
395.35
420.65
379.45
524.59
562.65
373.82
284.06

8.73
. 8.55
13.00
6.72
5.69
10.90
9.66
11.61
14.00
8.60
5.83

331.35
333.08
441.38
253.09
199.08
453.41
352.69
462.45
580.35
342.37
212.98

339.55
343.20
469.32
260.52
205.98
460.10
358.08
480:i?
583-80
345.61
218.0.4

342.94 3-43.96
341.54 342.86
483.41 452.40
267.73 260.74
209.19 205.98
463.11 466.5.2
358.45 360.32
483.42 488.78
598.34 596.40
349.76' 349.16
.222.12 220.96

11.49
13.02

12.16
12.66
8.88
7.06

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
. . Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

8.41
8.38
11.77
.6.44
5.53
10.52
9.38
11.09
13.25
8.31
5.71

10.75
9.60
11.45
13.99
8.45
5.83

8.66
8.56
12.96
6.71
5.70
10.77
9.61
11.51
13.98
8.50
5.83

Transportation and public utilities.

11.14

11.24

11.29

il.37

445.60

441*73

447.08

449.12

8.98

9.24

9.27"

9.28

348.42

357.59

359.68

359.14

5.86

Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, Insurance, and real estate

—

Services
1

See footnote 1, table B-2.

8.64
8.58
12.65

5.97

5.94

5.95

179.90

177.91

179.39

180.29

7.60

7.83

7.93

7.84

278.92

284.23

291.03

285.38

7.59

7.87

7.89

7.84

251.99

257.35

259.58

2 58..72

p = preliminary.

Table B-4. Hourly Earnings Index for production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by industry
(1977 m 100)

Industry
July
.1984

Total private nonfsfwt:
Currant floSsfs..
Constant (1977)
Construction....
Manufacturing ..
Ti
Ml
ft
Fl

1
2
3
4
5

May
1985

June
1985p

July
1985p

Percent
change
from:
July
1984July
1985

Percent
chango
from:
July
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

May
1985

June
1985p

July
1985p

June
1985July
1985

160.7
94.8
174.5
147.8
163.1
161.4
166.1
154.0

164.-8
94.1
177
149
168
164
170
156

165.0
94.0
178.8
148.5
168.5
164.7
171.1
156.0

165.2
N.A.
179.2
148.7
169.2
165.5
171.3
156.1

2.8
(3)
2.7
.6
3.8
2.6
3.1
1.4

161.0
95.2
(5)
147.9
163.1
162.4
(5)
154.2

164.4
94.5
(5)
149.9
167.4
165.4
(5)
155.5

164.8
94.4
(5)
150.4
167.9
165.0
(5)
155.6

164.9
94.3
(5)
150.0
168.4
165.0
(5)
155.9

165.5
94.4
(5)
149.4
168.6
166.2
(5)
155.8

165.5
N.A.
(5)
148.8
169.2
166.5
(5)
156.3

(2)
(4)
(5)
-0.4
.4
.2
(5)
.3

165.4
162,4

169.8
167.8

171.6
168.4

170.2
167.5

2.9
3.1

(5)
163.6

(5)
167.2

(5)
167.8

(5)
167.6

(5)'
169.4

(5)
168.7

(5)
-.4

. See footnote 1, table B-2.
Percent change Is less than .05 percent.
Percent change is -.9 percent from June 1984 to June 1985, the latest month available.
Percent change Is .1 percent from May 1985 to June 1985, the latest month available.
These series are not seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component Is small relative to the trend-cycle and/or
Irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
N.A. - not available,

p • preliminary.



ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
1

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervlsory workers on private nonagrtcultural
payrolls by industry
(1977=100)
Seasonally adjusted

Net seasonally adjusted
Industry

Total
Goods-producing

July
1984

May
1985

115.1

116.1

118.4

118.1

July

June
1985P

1985P

July
1984

Mar.
1985

Apr.
1985

May
1985

113.1

115.7

115.6

116.2

June
1985P
116.2

July
1985
116.0

99.9

99.4

101.3

100.1

98.9

99.6

99.1

99.1

98.6

98.9

Mining

113.2

113.0

114.4

112.7

112.4

112,6

113.6

114.0

112.6

112.0

Construction

127.1

126.8

131.9

137.4

115.0

123.4

125.7

124.4

122.3

124.4

94.1

93.4

94.8

92.3

95.2

94.3

93.3

93.4

'93.4

93.4

93
98
99
90
71
60
89
93
09.8
92.0
86.1
06.6
81.8

93.2
95.2
101.5
89.4
67.8
55.4
91
92
106
99
93
105
81.8

94.
99.
103,
91.
68.
56.
92.
93.
106.
98.
91.8
106
82

91.1
99.1
99.1
91,4
65.8
54.2
89.5
89.6
103.4
94.2
87.2
103.8
77.4

94.
95.
104.
87.
71.
59.8
91.6
95.
112.
94,
87.
108.
84,

93.9
94.4
106.0
88.2
68.0
54.8
91.6
94.1
109.8
96.9
90.2
107.2
82.8

92.8
93.2
104.7
87.8
66.9
54
91
92
106
97
91
105
81

92
94
102
88
66
54
91
92.8
106.4
97.8
91.3
105.6
82.3

92.
94.
103.1
87
67
54
91
92
105
97
89
105.8
81.9

92
95
103
88
66
53
91
91
105
96
88
104.8
79.8

93.7
94.8
77.2
74.
88.
- 99.
119.
93.
81.
109.
67.

95
98
78
75
89
101
120
95.1
84.3
110.8

94.1
101.3
71.7
72.3
85.2
100.0
119.8
94.3
84.8
106.9
63.9

96.
96,
87,
80.
91.
100.
118.
95.
86.

95
98
88
74
88
99
119.8
94.8
84.9
111.1

94.
97.
82.
74,
87.
99.
120.
94.
81.
109.
66,

94.3
98.6
84.0
73.6
87.4
99.9
119.7
93.7
80.3
109.1
66.3

94.4
98.7
82.2
74.4
86.9
99.8
120.8
93 .7
82 ,2
108 .6
65.8

94,
98,
80.
74.8
88.7
99.8
12T.7
94.4
82.2
108.9
66.3

128.0

121.0

124.7

125.7

125.9

125.4

108.6

106.0

107.5

108.2

107.8

107.5

118.8

119.5

119.9

119.2

116.7

118.2

118.6

117.7

127.8

128.0

130.3

128.9

138.9

139.8'

139.5

139.6

Manufacturing

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries,.
Blast furnaces and basic steel products . .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

69.5
Service-producing
Transportation and public utilities

123.4

125.4

107.1

107.7

Wholesale trade

116.0

119.3

Retail trade

117.0

117.4

127.7

128.1

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services

136.1

139.9

' See footnote 1, table B-2.

127.8
109.5
120.9
120.6
131.4
141.9

HI.
74.

p

66.7

120.5

114.9

121.1

113.7

131.5

125.2

142.6

133.4

124.6
107.6
118.6
116.8
127.7
138.7

p = preliminary.

Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased
Time
span

Year

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Over
f
1-month
span
"

52.2
67.3
57.6

45.9
72.7
50.3

59.7
66.8
55.9

70.0
67.3
44.6

68.9
60.5
50.3

63.0
64.3
p47.6

72.7
65.7
p59.2

69.5
58.1

73.2
48.4

74.1
66.5

66.8
55.1

68..9
63.5

Over
3-month
span

46.2
78.1
58.6

53.2
75.9
54.1

63.0
77.6
46.8

73.5
68.9
45.9

71.9
69.7
p43.8

73.8
67.0
p51.6

72.7
65.4

80.3
60.3

80.8
60.0

78.6
56.5

74.6
67.0

74.3
60.0

Over
6-month
span

50.0
79.2
52.2

62.4
77.8
49.5

65.7
77.3
p43.8

67.8
75.4
p45.4

74.3
69.2

78.4
64.9

79.7
63.2

79.5
64.1

78.9
67.0

79.2
59.7

79.7
57.6

78.4
60.3

48.6
81.9
p50.0

55.1
78.4

61.4
76.8

68.6
75.1

72.4
72.7

75.1
73.0

77.0
70.0

79.7
65.7

78.4
63.5

80.8
60.5

81.6
56.2

81. 1
p51.4

Over
12-month
span

1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,3, and 6 month spans, on payrolls
of 185 private nonagrtcultural industries,
p = preliminary.




NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.) Data are centered within the spans.

U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington, D.C. 20212
Official Business
Penalty for private use, $300




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