Full text of The Employment Situation : July 1984

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DOCUMENTS DEPAn iiv,tNl

OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington, D.C. 20212

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USDL 84-340
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS
EMBARGOED UNTIL 8:30 A.M. (EDT), FRIDAY,
AUGUST 3, 1984

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:

JULY

1984

Unemployment rose in July, returning to the May level, while the two major employment
measures showed differing movements, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of
Labor reported today. The overall jobless rate, which includes the resident Armed Forces in the
labor force base, was 7.4 percent, and the rate for civilian workers was 7.5 percent. Each
measure rose four-tenths of a percentage point over the month, after identical declines in June.
Total civilian employment—as measured by the monthly survey of households—fell by 350,000
in July after seasonal adjustment to 105.4 million. This first decline in the series in one
and a half years, followed 2 months of exceptionally large increases. In contrast, the number
of
employees
on
nonagricultural
payrolls—as
measured
by
the
monthly survey of
establishments—rose by 300,000 over the month, continuing the steady growth that has occurred
since early 1983.
Despite these differing directions in July, the household series shows
employment growth of 6.4 million over the course of the recovery, compared with job gains of 5.7
million in the payroll series.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
The number of unemployed persons increased to 8.5 million from June to July after seasonal
adjustment, and the civilian worker unemployment rate rose to 7.5 percent; both figures returned
to the levels posted in May. Since November 1982, the number of unemployed persons has declined
by 3.3 million, and the jobless rate has dropped by 3.2 percentage points. (See table A-2.)
The July increase occurred primarily among adult women, whose jobless rate returned to the
level that had essentially prevailed between February and May. The rate for adult men edged up
to 6.5 percent, the same as in May, but was still below the rates posted earlier this year.
Unemployment increased among both white and black workers. While the rate for white teenagers
changed little, the rate for black youth, which is subject to wide fluctuation, rose by 8
percentage points in July to 42.4 percent; it had declined by a similar magnitude in June. (See
tables A-2 and A-3.)
Most of the July increase took place among workers who had lost their jobs.
There was
little or no over-the-month change in either the number of persons who were on layoff (expecting
to be recalled to their job), had left their job voluntarily, or were entering or reentering the
labor force.
The number of short-term (less than 5 weeks) and medium-term (5 to 14 weeks)
jobless workers rose in July, while the number of long-term unemployed (15 weeks and over) was
about unchanged. (See tables A-7 and A-8.)
Civilian Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
Civilian employment fell by 355,000 over the month to 105.4 million, seasonally adjusted,
after rising by 1.3 million in the prior 2 months. Civilian employment was 6.4 million above
the November 1982 recession trough. (See table A-2.)
The civilian labor force was 113.9 million in July, unchanged from June. The proportion of
the civilian working-age population in the labor force was 64.6 percent, the same as in the
previous 2 months. Over the year, the labor force grew by 2.2 million, and the participation
rate was up by about half a percentage point.




- 2Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
Nonfarm payroll employment rose by 300,000 in July to 9A.4 million, seasonally adjusted.
The growth in employment was widespread, as two-thirds of the 185 industries in the BLS index of
diffusion registered over-the-month gains. (See tables B-l and B-6.)
Manufacturing employment continued its expansion in July with an increase of 105,000.
Advances took place in both the durable and nondurable goods industries. Within durable goods,
employment increased markedly in fabricated metal products, machinery, and electrical and
electronic equipment.
The employment rise in nondurable goods manufacturing—the first since
April—reflected an increase in apparel and small gains in several other industries.
Elsewhere
in the goods-producing sector, employment in construction increased by 30,000, following an even
larger gain in the previous month, and mining employment was unchanged.
In the service-producing sector, there were employment increases in transportation and
public utilities, wholesale trade of durable goods, and the business and health services
Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
Monthly data

Quarterly averages

JuneJuly
change

Category
1984

1983
•II

I

1984
II

May

June

July

HOUSEHOLD DATA
112,946
101,706
111,277
100,037
11,240
62,680
1,726

Thousands of
115,333 115,493
106,837 106,978
113,642 113,803
105,146 105,288
8,496
8,514
62,484 62,320
N.A.
1,295.

persons
115,567
107,438
113,877
105,748
8,130
62,407
N.A.

115,636
107,093
113,938
105,395
8,543
62,503
N.A.

69
-345
61
-353
413
96
N.A.

7.4
7.5
6.5
6,9
18.3
6.4
16.9
10.6

0.4
0.4
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.3
1.9
0.6

Thousands of -jobs
92,765 93,764p 93,768 94,076p 94,378p
24,518 24,867p 24,851 24,989p 25,126p
68,247 68,898p 68,917 69,087p 69,252p

302p
137p
165p

114,292
105,426
112,607
103,740
8,866
63,072
.1,339

Percent of labor force
Unemployment rates:
10.0
10.1
9.4
8.5
23.3
8.8
20.4
14.2

7.8
7.9
7.0
7.0
19.6
6.8
16.5
10.9

7.4
7.5
6.6
6.7
18.7
6.4
15.9
10.7

7.4
7.5
6.5
6.8
19.0
6.4
15.8
10.5

7.0
7.1
6.3
6.4
17.6
6.1
15.0
10.0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
89,588
23,092
66,496

Hours of work
Average weekly hours:
34.9
40.0
2.8
1/

Includes the resident Armed Forcess.




35.3
40.8
3.5

35.3p
40.7p
3.4p

35.3
40.6
3.3

35.3p
40.5p
3.3p

35.3p
40.6p
3.4p

Op
O.lp
O.lp

1^.A.-not available*.

- 3 industries.
strike.

The increase in health services reflects, in part,

the

settlement

of

a

nurses'

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls in July—35.3 hours, seasonally adjusted—was unchanged for the third month in a row.
Similarly, average weekly and overtime hours in manufacturing, at 40.6 and 3.4 hours,
respectively, were both about the same as in the prior 2 months. (See table B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls rose by 0.3 percent in July to 112.9
(1977=100), reflecting the rise in
employment. The manufacturing index increased 0.8 percent to 96.8. (See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly and weekly earnings both increased 0.5 percent in July, seasonally adjusted.
Prior to seasonal adjustment, average hourly earnings rose 4 cents to $8.34, and weekly earnings
increased $3.09 to $297.74. Over the past year, hourly earnings have risen 33 cents and weekly
earnings $14,99. (See table B-3.)
The Hourly Earnings Index (Establishment Survey Data)
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 161.1 (1977=100) in July, seasonally adjusted, an
increase of 0.5 percent from June.
For the 12 months ended in July, the increase (before
seasonal adjustment) was 3.5 percent. The HEI excludes the effects of two types of changes
unrelated to underlying wage rate movements—fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing, and
interindustry employment shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI increased 0.3
percent during the 12-month period ended in June. (See table B-4.)




Explanatory Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys,
the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the
Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey).
The household survey provides the information on the labor
force, total employment, and unemployment that appears in
the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample
survey of about 60,000 households that is conducted by the
Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (Bi S).
The establishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected
from payroll records by Bi.s in cooperation with State agencies.
The sample includes approximately 195,000 establishments
employing over 35 million people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually
collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household
survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey
week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the
pay period including the 12th, which mav or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of technical
factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a
survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each
of these factors is explained below.

that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment
sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Also included among the
unemployed are persons not looking for work because they
were laid off and waiting to be recalled and those expecting to
report to a job within 30 days.
The labor force equals the sum of the number employed and
the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the
percentage of unemployed people in the labor force (civilian
plus the resident Armed Forces). Table A-5 presents a special
grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The
definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive
definition yields U-l and the most comprehensive yields U-7.
The overall unemployment rate is U-5a, while U-5b represents
the same measure with a civilian labor force base.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only
counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the
payroll records of nonagricultural firms. As a result, there are
many differences between the two surveys, among which are
the following:

Coverage, definitions, and differences
between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are selected
so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population
16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is
classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.
Those who hold more than one job are classified according to
the job at which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all
as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or
on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether they were
paid or not. People are also counted as employed if they were
on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor and management, or personal reasons. Members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their
eligibility for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if
they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the survey week; they were available for work at

- The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees working at
more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be
counted separately lor each appearance.




- The household survey. although based on a smaller sample, reflects a
larger segment ot the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture,
the self-employed, unpaid family workers, private household workers, and
members ol the resident Armed Forces;
The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed: the establishment survey does not;
- The household survey is limited to those 16 years of age and older: the
establishment survey is not limited by age;

Other differences between the two surveys are described in
"Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and
Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BIS upon
request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as
changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.
For example, the labor force increases by a large number each
June, when schools close and many young people enter the job
market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very
large; over the course of a year, for example, seasonality may
account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular
pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in economic activity or increases in the participation
of women in the labor force, easier to spot. To return to the
school's-out example, the large number of people entering the
labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined.
However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can
be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the
seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
economic activity.
Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment
contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all
employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and
average hourly earnings include components based on the
employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the
components and combining them. The second procedure
usually yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figure
for the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted
civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed
Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally
adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and
the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of
the labor force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June period
and again for the July-December period. The January revision
is applied to data that have been published over the previous 5
years. For the establishment survey, updated factors for
seasonal adjustment are calculated only once a year, along
with the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussed
at the end of the next section.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys
are subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the
number of people employed and the other estimates drawn
from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would
be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the
amount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other
factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the
chances are approximately 68 out of 100 that an estimate based
on the sample will differ by no more than the standard error




from the results of a complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will
differ by no more than 1.6 times the standard error from the
results of a complete census. At approximately the 90-percent
level of confidence—the confidence limits used by BLS in its
analyses—the error for the monthly change in total employment is on the order of plus or minus 328,000; for total
unemployment it is 220,000; and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage point. These figures do not
mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes but,
rather, that the chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that
the "true" level or rate would not be expected to differ from
the estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the
data are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or
annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the
larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the
estimate of the size of the labor force is subject to less error
than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among
the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate of
adult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for
the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly
change in the jobless rate for men is .26 percentage point; for
teenagers, it is 1.25 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most current
months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these
estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the
returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are
revised. In other words, data for the month of September are
published in preliminary form in October and November and
in final form in December. To remove errors that build up
over time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes can be
measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in
the classification of industries and allow for the formation of
new establishments.
Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's employment situation, BI s regularly publishes a wide variety of data
in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by
Bi s. It is available for $6.00 per issue or $39.00 per year from
the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
20204. A check or money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of
the standard errors for the household survey data published in
this release. For unemployment and other labor force
categories, the standard errors appear in tables B through J of
its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the
data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual
amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P. and O of that publication.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the population, Including Armed Forces in the United States, by sex
(Numbers In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status and sex
Juiy
1983

June
1984

July
1984

175.970
115,644
65.7
104.937
59.6
1.664
103.273
4 . 129
9»,144
10.707
9.3
60.326

177.974
117,083
65.8
108,502
61.0
1,690
106,612
3,879
102,932
3,582
7.3
60,891

178.138
117.896
66.2
109.182
61.3
1.698
107.484
3.948
1C3.536
8.714
7.4
60,242

175.970
113,489
64.5
102.889
56.5
1.664
101.225
3.499
97.726
10.600
9.3
62.481

177.510
114.598
64.6
105.826
59.6
1.686
104,140
3,281
100,859
8,772
7.7
62,912

.09 9
,568
79.2
.471
71.3
.521
.950
,097
9.2

85,101
66,602
78.5
62.138
73.0
1,545
60.593
4.664
7.0

85.179
67.206
78.9
62.533
73.4
1.551
60.982
4.674
7.0

84.099
64,840
77.1
58.592
69.7
1.521
57.071
6.246
9.6

91.b71
49.07&
53.4
44,466
48.4
143
44.323
4.610
9.4

92.873
50,281
54.1
46,364
49.9
145
46,219
3.917
7.8

92.958
50.689
54.5
46,649
50.2
147
46,502
4.04 0
8.0

91.871
48.649
53.0
44.297
48.2
143
44.154
4.352
8.9

Julv
1983

Mar.
1984

Apr.
1984

Hay
1984

June
1984

177,662
114,938
64.7
106,095
59.7
1,693
104,402
3,393
101,009
8,843
7.7
62,724

177,013
115.493
«>5.0
106.973
60.2
1.690
105.288
3,389
101.899
8,514
7.4
62,320

177,974
115,567
64.9
107,438
60.4
1.690
105,748
3.403
102.344
8.130
7.0
62.407

178,138
115.636
64.9
107. C93
60.1
1,698
105.395
3 . 345
102.050
8,543
7.4
6 2 , 503

84.880
65.156
76.8
60.290
71.0
1.542
58.748
4.867
7.5

84,953
65,212
76.8
60.293
71.0
1.548
58,745
4,919
7.5

85.024
65.307
76.8
60,629
71.3
1,545
59,084
4,67a
7.2

85.101
65.452
76.9
60.923
71.6
1.545
59.378
4.529
6.9

85,179
65,362
76.7
60,607
71.2
1,551
=9, 056
4,756
7.3

92.630
49.442
53.4
45.536
49.2
144
45.392
3.905
7.9

92,709
49,725
53.6
45,802
49.4
145
45.657
3,324
7.9

92,769
5 0 , 186
54.1
46.350
50.0
145
46.205
3.836
7.6

92,b73
5 0 . 115
54.0
46.515
50. 1
145
46.370
3.600
7.2

92.95e
5 0 . 273
54.1
4 6 , 486
50.0
147
46,339
3, 787
7.5

Julv
1984

TOTAL
Nonlnstitutlonal population 1
Labor force 1
Participation rate'
Total employed'
Employment-population ratio' . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate'
Not in labor force
Men, 16 years and over
Nonlnstitutlonal population'
Labor force'
Participation rate*
Total employed'
Employment-population ratio4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate'
Women, 16 years and over
Nonlnstitutlonal population'
Labor force'
Participation rate'
Total employed'
Employment-population ratio4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate'

' The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation;
therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
' Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed In the United States.




' Labor force as a percent of the nonlnstitutlonal population.
4
Total employment as a percent of the nonlnstitutlonal population.
1
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (Including the resident Armed
Forces).

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment atatue of the civilian population by aex and age
(Numbers In thounnd«)

Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age

July
1983

June
1984

July
1984

Julv
1983

Mar.
1984

Apr.
1984

May
1984

J une
1984

174.306
113.980
6 5.4
103.273
59.2
10.707
9.4

176,284
115,393
65.5
106,812
60.6
8,582
7.4

176.440
116.198
65.9
107.484
60.9
8.714
7.5

174.306
111.825
64.2
101.225
58.1
10.600
9.5

175,824
112,912
64.2
104,140
59.2
8,772
7.8

175,969
113.245
64.4
104.402
59.3
8,843
7.8

176,123
113,803
64.6
105,288
59.8
8,514
7.5

176.284
113.877
64.6
105.748
60.0
8.130
7.1

74.927
59.492
79.4
54.570
72.8
2,742
51.828
4.922
8.3

76,176
60,224
79.1
56,565
74.3
2,657
53,929
3,639
6.0

76.269
60,341
79.1
56.662
74.3
2,688
53,974
3.679
6.1

74.927
58.982
78.7
53.765
71.8
2.521
51.244
5.217
8.8

75.880
59.388
78.3
55,368
73.0
2.364
53,004
4,020
6.8

75.973
59.480
78.3
55.385
72.9
2.453
52.932
4.095
6.9

76,073
59,546
78.3
55,685
73.2
2,451
53,234
3,861
6.5

76.176
59,726
78.4
55,970
73.5
2.469
53.501
3.755
6.3

84.122
44,150
52.5
40.544
48.2
758
39,786
3,60 6
8.2

85,380
45,649
53.5
42,678
50.0
750
41,928
2,970
6.5

85,488
45,746
53.5
42.499
49.7
707
41,792
3,246
7.1

64.122
44.647
53.1
41.123
48.9
613
40,510
3.524
7.9

85,064
45,459
53.4
42,315
49.7
574
41.741
3.144
6.9

85.168
45.703
53.7
42,517
49.9
619
41,898
3,186
7.0

85,272
46,222
54.2
43,098
50.5
610
42,487
3,124
6.8

85,380
46. 101
54.0
43,146
50.5
623
42,523
2,955
6.4

15,257
10,338
67.8
8, 159
53.5
629
7,530
2,179
21. 1

14,728
9.520
64.6
7.548
51.2
473
7,075
1,972
20.7

14.683
10.111
68.9
8.323
56.7
553
7.770
1.788
17.7

15.257
8.196
53.7
6.337
41.5
365
5.972
1.859
22.7

14.880
8,065
54.2
6.457
43.4
343
6.114
1.608
19.9

14.828
8,062
54.4
6,500
43.8
321
6,179
1,562
19.4

14,778
8,034
54.4
6,505
44.0
327
6,178
1,529
19.0

14.728
8,050
54.7
6,631
45.0
311
6.320
1.419
17.6

TOTAL
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
,
Employment-population ratio* . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio* . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural Industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Women, 20 years and over

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio* . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural Industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 yssrs

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio' . . .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural Industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical
numbers appear In the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.




' Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian nonlnstltutlonal population,

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers In thousands)

Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
JulY
1983

Jane
1984

July
1984

July
1983

Har.
1984

Apr.
1984

Way
1984

J tine
1984

July
198 4

WHITE
150.959
98.911
65.5
91.012
60.3
7.899
8.0

152,295
100,090
65.7
93,772
61.6
6,319
6.3

152,286
100.488
66.0
94.257
61.9
6.231
6.2

150.959
97.255
64.4
89.260
59.1
7.995
8.2

152,285
98,424
64.6
91,845
60.3
6,580
6.7

152.178
S8.495
64.7
91.933
60.4
6,562
6.7

152,229
98,853
64.9
92,505
60.8
6,348
6.4

152.295
98.770
64.9
92.697
60.9
6.072
6.1

152.286
98,710
64.8
92,430
60.7
6,280
6.4

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

52.367
79.7
48.654
74.1
3,713
7.1

52.990
79.5
50,291
75.5
2,700
5.1

52.967
79.5
50.311
75.5
2,656
5.0

51.901
79.0
47.891
72.9
4.010
7.7

52.398
78.8
49,343
74.2
3.055
5.8

52,406
78.8
49,329
74.2
3,077
5.9

52,357
78.7
49,440
74.3
2,917
5.6

52.548
78.9
49.744
74.7
2.804
5.3

52,366
78.6
49,470
74.3
2,896
5.5

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

37,646
51.8
35,026
48.2
2,620
7.0

38,847
52.8
36,672
49.9
2,175
5.6

38,865
52.8
36.518
49.6
2.347
6.0

38.161
52.5
35.574
48.9
2.587
6.8

38.873
52.9
36,570
49.8
2,303
5.9

39,032
53.1
36,688
49.9
2.344
6.0

39,439
53.7
3 7 , 150
50.5
2,289
5.8

39,226
53.3
37.042
50.4
2.184
5.6

39.396
53.5
37,C74
50.4
2.321
5.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

8,89b
70.7
7,332
58.3
1,566
17.6
17.5
17.7

8,253
68.0
6,809
56.1
1,444
17.5
17.1
17.9

8.655
71.6
7.428
61.4
1,228
14.2
15.4
12.9

7.193
57.2
5.795
46.1
1.398
19.4
20.3
18.4

7,153
58.3
5,932
48.3
1,221
17.1
17.3
16.8

7.057
57.7
5.916
48.4
1,141
16.2
16.6
15.7

7,057
58.0
5,915
48.6
1,142
16.2
16.8
15.5

6.996
57.7
5.911
48.7
1.085
15.5
16.5
14.5

6.948
57.5
5,686
48.7
1,062
15.3
17.8
12.6

18,942
12,186
64.3
9,717
51.3
2,469
20.3

19,330
12,230
63.3
10,222
52.9
2,009
16.4

19.360
12.536
64.8
10.334
53.4
2,202
17.6

18.942
11.741
62.0
9.443
49.9
2.298
19.6

19,248
11,867
61.7
9,896
51.4
1.972
16.6

19,274
11.934
61.9
9.923
51.5
2,011
16.8

19,302
12,008
62.2
1 0 , 105
52.4
1,903
15.8

19.330
11.962
61.9
10.168
52.6
1.795
15.0

19,360
12,076
62.4
10,041
51.9
2.035
16.9

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5,661
76.8
4,614
62.6
1.046
18.5

5,703
75.1
4,864
64.1
839
14.7

5,769
75.8
4.860
63.9
909
15.8

5.599
76.0
4.559
61.9
1.040
18.6

5,660
75.0
4.789
63.5
871
15.4

5,607
74.2
4,712
62.4
894
16.0

5.673
74.9
4,672
64.3
601
14.1

5,646
74.4
4,811
63.4
835
14.8

5.700
74.9
4,802
63.1
897
15.7

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5.331
57.0
4.450
47.6
881
16.5

5,485
57.3
4,779
49.9
706
12.9

5.539
57.7
4.751
49.5
788
14.2

5.317
56.9
4.458
47.7
859
16.2

5.425
57.0
4.690
49.2
735
13.5

5,469
57.3
4.737
49.6
731
13.4

5.547
58.0
4,793
50.1
754
13.6

5.496
57.4
4,818
50.3
679
12.4

5,522
57.5
4,746
49.5
776
14.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
#
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

1,194
53.7
653
29.3
542
45.3
44.6
46.3

1.042
48.2
579
26.8
464
44.5
43.2
46.0

1.228
57.0
723
33.5
505
41.1
40.3
42.0

825
37.1
426
19.1
399
48.4
48.3
48.4

783
35.9
417
19.1
366
46.7
44.4
49.6

859
39.5
474
21.8
385
44.8
42.8
47.1

787
36.3
440
20.3
347
44. 1
40.9
48.2

820
37.9
539
24.9
281
34.3
35.3
33.1

854
39.6
492
22.8
362
42.4
42.6
42.1

9.640
6,246
64.8
5,448
56.5
798
12.8

9,824
6,410
65.2
5.760
58.6
651
10.2

9.738
6.432
66. 1
5.733
58.9
700
10.9

9.640
6.090
63.2
5.339
55.4
751
12.3

10.060
6.484
64.3
5.751
57.1
733
11.3

10.072
6.378
63.3
5.643
56.0
735
11.5

10,026
6,332
63.2
5,666
56.5
666
10.5

9.824
6.298
64.1
5.669
57.7
629
10.0

9,738
6,293
64.6
5,626
57.8
667
10.6

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

BLACK
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population...
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed . . . '
Unemployment rate

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

' The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal vaMatlon; therefore, Identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
' Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.




NOTE Detail for the above race and Hispanlc-ongln groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and HIspanlcs are Included
In both the white and black population groups.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Selected employment indicators
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Category

July
1983

June
1984

103.273
38,484
23.925
5.012

106.812
39,306
25,270
5.642

062
719
348

1,886
1.699
295

1.924
1.704
320

91.100
15.100
70,000
1.404
74.596
7.589
355

94.718
15,309
79.408
1,413
77,995
7,851
364

87.7o7
71.192
6,686
1.773
4,*13
9.889

95,860
78.731
6.117
1.743
4,374
11.012

July
1984

Jul?
1983

Mar.
1984

Apr.
1984

104.140
'38.927'
25.239
5.444

104,402
39.062
25.457
5,491

1.631
1.573
251

1.515
1.580
198

95.389
15.105
80,284
1.367
78.917
7.810
337

89.687
15.593
74.094
1.27 6
72.818
7.595
322

92.251
75.906
6.201
1,581
4,620
10.144

92.126
73.844
5.700
1.781
3.919
12.582

Hay

June
1984

July
198 4

105,288
39.159
25.722
5.668

105.748
39.072
25.786
5.688

105,395
39,121
25.716
5.662

1,661
1.534
207

1.610
1,537
246

1,604
1.570
212

1,513
1.559
230

92.819
15,813
77.006
1.155
75.851
7.755
326

92.931
15,784
77,147
1,296
75.851
7.834
338

93,928
15,761
78,167
1.347
76.820
7,707
311

94.040
15.685
78.355
1.329
77.026
7,828
348

93.841
15.604
78.236
1.239
76.9S7
7,717
306

94.962
77.004
5.463
1.472
3.991
12,515

96.918
78,276
5,593
1,530
4,063
13,049

96.523
78.280
5.353
1.549
3.804
12,889

96.500
78,496
5.491
1.654
3.837
12.514

96,848
78,659
5,300
1.589
3.711
12,889

198H

CHARACTERISTIC
Civilian employed, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

107.484 1 0 1 . 2 2 5
39.395
38.254
25.022
24.618
5,071
5,62 8

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
PERSONS AT WORK'
Nonagricultural industries
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Usually work full time
Usually work part time
Part time for noneconomlc reasons

1
Excludes persons "with a Job but not at work" during the survey period for such
reasons as vacation, illness, or Industrial dispute.

Table A-5. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force,
seasonally adjusted
(Percent)

Monthly data

Quarterly averages
Measure

July

IV

II
U-1

1984

1983

Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as. a percent of the
4.0

3.7

6.0

5.4

7.9

7.3

10.0

9.3

3.1

2.7

4.7

4.2

6.6

6.1

8.3

7.6

2.4

2.5

2.3

2.4

3.7

4.0

5.6

5.9

civilian labor force
U-2

Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force

U-3

Unemployed-persons 25 years and over as a percent of the
civilian labor force
Unemployed full-time Jobseekers as a percent of the full-time
civilian labor force

U-4

3.8
5.8
7.2

3.8
5.7

7.2

7.2

U-5a Total unemployed as a percent of the labor force, Including the
resident Armed Forces

10.0

9.3

8.4

7.8

7.4

7.4

7.0

7.4

U-5b Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force

10.1

9.4

8.5

7.9

7.5

7.5

7.1

7.5

Total full-time Jobseekers plus '/« part-time Jobseekers plus % total on pan time
for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less Vi of the
part-time labor force

12.9

12.2

11.2

10.5

9.9

9.9

9.5

9.9

Total full-time Jobseekers plus % part-time Jobseekers plus Vi total on part
time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of the
civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less Vi of the
part-time labor force

14.4

13.5

12.4

11.6

U-6

U-7

N.A. - not iviiltble.




N.A.

N.A

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Selected unemployment Indicators, seasonally adjusted

Number of

Unemployment rates1

unemployed persons
(In thousands)
Category

July
1983

June
1984

July
1984

Julv
1983

Har.
1984

Apr.
1984

Hay
1984

June
1984

July
198 4

7.5
7.3
6.5
7.7
6.8
19.0

7.1
7. 1
6.3
7.2
6.4
17.6

7.5
7. E
6.5
7.6
6. S
18.3
4.6
5.9
9.6

CHARACTERISTIC
10,600
6,248
5,217
4.352
3,524
1,859

8,130
4, 52 S
3,755
3,600
2.955
1,419

8,543
4.756
3.906
3.787
3,173
1,464

9.5
9.9
8.8
9.0
7.
22.

7.8
7.7
6.8
7.9
6.9
19.9

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

2.540
1.854
676

1,854
1,516
602

1.867
1.615
602

6.2
7.0
11.8

4.7
5.8
11.0

4.7
5.8
10.5

4.5
5.6
9.6

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Labor force time lost*

8,985
1.648

6.524
1.649

7.061
1.550

9.4
10.2
10.7

7.5
9.2
8.8

7.6
9.1
8.9

6.7
10.3
8.3

7,921
160
985
2,320
"1,450
870
411
2.051
1.»74
889
261

5,865
75
820
1.588
949
639
312
1.562
1.508
663
214

6,289
77
839
1.650
883
767
361
1.693
1.669
732
259

9.7
16.6
18.0
10.7
11.4
9.7
7.3

7.6
11.2
13.3
7.5
7.8
7.2
5.0
8.3
6.4
4.4
14.6

7.7
10.3

Total, 16 years and over
Men, 1 e years ana over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16to 19years

INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utitlties
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service Industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

9.e
7.3
5.4
15.0

12.2

7.2
8.9
14.8
7.1
7.0
7.1
5.5
7.9
5.5
4.7
13.9

7.0
7. 1
14.8
7.2
7.2
7.3
5.2
7.2
5.4
4. 1
11.8

7.4
7.5
14.7
7.5
6.7
8.6
6. 1
7.8
5.9
4.5
14.6

reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours- lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic

Table A-7. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Weeks of unemployment

July
1983

June
1984

July
1984

Julv
1983

Har.
1984

Apr.
1984

May
1984

June
1984

July
1984

DURATION
Less than S weeks
5 to 14 weeks

15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

Average (mean) duration, In weeks
Median duration, In weeks

3,7ud
3,046
3,953
1,318
2,636

4.005
1.973
2,603
1,018
1.585

3.642
2.649
2,423
815
1.608

3.529
2.841
4.398
1,794
2,604

3,386
2.539
2.873
1,114
1,759

3,438
2,493
2.855
1,111
1,744

3,238
2,433
2,851
1,186
1,664

3,174
2.294
2,619
1,008
1.611

3,4 62
2,490
2,689
1,100
1,569

20.0
8.8

17.3

5.9

17.0
6.5

21.3
10.1

18.8
8.3

18.5
8.1

18.4
8.7

18.6
7.2

18.1
7.6

100.0
46.7
23.0
30.3
11.9
18.5

100.0
41.8
30.4
27. d
9.4
18.5

100.0
32.8
26.4
40.8
16.7
24.2

100.0
38.5
28.9
32.7
12.7
20.0

100.0
39.1
28.4
32.5
12.6
19.8

100.0
38.0
2b. 6
33.5
13.9
19.5

100.0
39.2
28.4
32.4
12.5
19.9

100.0
40.1
28.8
31.1
12.7
18.4

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks

15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over




100.
34.
28.
36.
12.
24.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Reason for unemployment
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjhntad
Reason

SMSonalty •dtuetod

July
1983

June
1984

July
1984

July
1983

Bar.
1984

Apr.
1984

flay
1984

June
1984

July
198 4

5.390
1,609
4,281
767
2,492
1,559

3,963
1,026
2,937
745
2.259
1.614

4.258
1.091
3.167
880
2.154
1.421

6.235
1.735
4.500
752
2.415
1.229

4.614
1.254
3.360
756
2,208
1,213

4,527
1.108
3.419
781
2.308
1.216

4,327
1.192
3.134
804
2.178
1,186

4,220
1.166
3,055
800
1.968
1.136

4.511
1,164
3.346
865
2.091
1.092

100.0
55.0
15.0
40.0
7.2
23.3
14.6

100.0
46.2
12.0
34. 2
8.7
26.3
18.8

100.0
48.8
12.5
36.3
10.1
24.7
16.3

100.0
58.6
16.3
42.3
7. 1
22.7
11.6

100.0
52.5
14.3
38.2
8.6
25.1
13.8

100.0
51.3
12.5
38.7
8.8
26.1
13.8

100.0
50.9
14.0
36.9
9.5
25.6
14.0

100.0
51.9
14.4
37.6
9.8
24.2
14.0

100.0
52.7
13.6
39.1
10.1
24.4
12.8

5.2
.7
2.2
1.4

3.4
.6
2.0

3.6
.8
1.9
1.2

4.1
.7
2.0
1.1

4.0
.7
2.0
1.1

3.B
.7
1.9

3.7
.7
1.7
1.0

4.0
.8
1.8
1.0

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants

New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other Job losers

:

Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

1.4

5.6
.7
2.2
1.1

1.0

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousands)

Sex and age
July
1*83

25 years and over'

1

June
1984

July
1984

July
1983

Bar.
1984

Apr.
1984

Bay
1984

June
1984

July
198 4

10.600
4,096
1.859
767
1,071
2,237
6,486
5,707
798

8,130
3 , 156
1,419
602
813
1,737
4,996
4,274
683

6,543
3.276
1.464
626
817
1,812
5,257
4.619
660

9.5
16.8
22.7
25.1
20.8
13.9
7.4
7.9
5.3

7.8
14.4
19.9
23.1
18.1
11.6
5.9
6.3
4.3

7.8
14.6
19.4
22.3
17.5
12.2
6.0
6.3
4.2

7.5
14.0
19.0
20.2
18.2
11.5
5.7
6.0
4.4

7.1
13.0
17.6
19.7
16.3
10.7
5.6
5.7
4.6

7.5
13.6
18.3
20.5
16.7
11.3
5.9
6.2
4.4

6.248
2,397
1.031
451
568
1.366
3.826
3.337
489

4,529
1,772
774
365
413
998
2,757
2,377
378

4.756
1.846
850
358
478
996
2,896
2.496
401

9.9
18.4
23.8
27.3
21.2
15.8
7.6
8.1
5.5

7.7
14.6
20.0
23.0
18.2
11.9
5.9
6.1
4.6

7.7
15.0
19.7
23.7
17.3
12.7
5.9
6.2
4.4

7.3
14.0
19.4
21.3
18.3
11.5
5.7
5.9
4.5

7.1
13.7
13.5
22.7
16. 1
11.4
5.4
5.6
4.3

7.5
14.6
20.6
23.0
18.-8
11.7
5.7
5.9
4.6

4,352
1,699
823
316
503
871
2.660
2,370
309

3,600
1.384
645
237
400
739
2.238
1,897
305

3.787
1.430
614
268
339
816
2.361
2.123
259

9.0
15.0
21.5
22.6
20.5
11.7
7.1
7.6
5.1

7.9
14.2
19.8
23.1
18.1
11.3
6.0
6.5
3.9

7.9
14.1
19.0
20.8
17.8
11.6
6.0
6.4
3.9

7.7
14.0
18.6
19.0
18.1
11.6
5.8
6.1
4.3

7.2
12.2
16.7
16.4
16.5
9.9
5.8
5.8
5.0

.7.6
12. £
15.9
17.9
14.4
10.8
6. 1
6.5
4.2

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.




Unemployment rata*'

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Employment status of black and other workers
(Numbers In thousands)

Seasonally adjusted'

Not •••tonally adjusted
Employment status

Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not In labor force

Juxv
1933

June
1984

July
1984

Julv
1983

Mac.
1984

Apr.
1984

May
1984

June
1984

July
1984

23,347
15.069
64.5
12,261
52.5
2,808
18.6.
8,277

23,989
15,303
63.8
13.040
54.4
2,263
14.8
8.686

24.154
15,710
65.0
13,227
54.8
2.483
15.8
8,444

23.347
14.577
62.4
11.969
51.3
2.608
17.9
8.770

23.539
14.521
61.7
12.325
52.4
2.195
15.1
9.018

23.791
14.770
62.1
12,541
52.7
2.229
15.1
9.021

23.894
14,976
62.7
12.852
53.8
2.125
14. 2
8.918

23.989
15.039
62.7
13.020
54.3
2.020
13.4
8.950

24,154
15. 196
62.9
12,907
5 3.4
2,290
15.1
8 , 958

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.

Table A-11. Occupational status of the employed and unemployed, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers In thousands)
Civilian employed

Unemployed

Unemployment rata

Occupation
July
1983"
Total, 16 years and over1

Julv
1984

July
1983

July
1984

July
1983

July
1984

103.273

107,484

10.707

8.714

9.4

7.5

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

23.166
10.740
12,425

24,423
11,744
12,679

867
389
478

754
327
428

3.6
3.5
3.7

3.0
2.7
3.3

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical

31.787
3.142
12,060
16,586

33,337
3,249
12.961
17.128

2.138
156
842
1,140

1.664
95
654
915

6.3
4.7
6.5
6.4

4.8
2. 8
4.8
5. 1

Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective

14,155
1.006
1.761
11,387

14.525
1,039
1,734
11,751

1.657
85
135
1,437

1,466
83
91
1,292

10.5
7.6

9.2
7.4
5.0
9.9

Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair

12,831
4.171
4.632
4,028

13,445
4,399
4.834
4,212

1,334
334
612
388

962
200
491
270

9.4
7.4
11.7
8.8

6.7
4.4
9.2
6.0

Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and Inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

16,591
7,772
4.260
4.558
707
3.851

17,338
7,979
4,572
4,787
854
3.933

2,718
1,293
523
902
165
737

2,088
914
388
787
183
604

14.1
14.3
10.9
16.5
18.9
16.1

10.8
10. 2
7.8
14. 1
17. 6
13.3

4.743

4,416

379

283

7.4

6.C

Farming, forestry, and fishing
'Persons with no previous work experience and those whose last job was in the Armed
Forces are Included in the unemployed total.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Employment statue of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers In thousands)

Civilian labor force

Veteran status
and age

Civilian
nonlnstftutlonal
population

Unemployed
Employed

Total

Percent ot
labor force

Number
July
1983

July
19b 4

July
1983

July
1984

Julv
1983

July
1984

7,846
5,846
668
2,135
3,043
2,000

7,919
5,480
469
1,7 11
3.300
2.439

7.378
5,613
620
2,055
2.938
1.765

7.474
5.301
445
1.658
3.198
2.173

6.763
5 . 10 4
54 4
1.84 8
2.712
1.659

7.046
4.970
399
1.542
3.029
2.076

615
509
76
207
226
106

20,053
8,713
6,808
4,532

21.152
8.973
7.419
4,760

18.943
8.176
6.469
4.298

20.026
8.466
7.060
4.500

17.350
7.408
5.967
3.975

18,816
7,907
6.653
4.256

1.593
768
502
323

July
1983

July
1984

July
1J83

July
1984

428
331
46
116
169
97

8.3
9.1
12.3
10. 1
7.7
6.0

5.7
6.2
10.3
7.0
5.3
4.5

1.210
559
407
244

8.4
9.4
7.8
7.5

6.0
6.6
5.8
5.4

VETERANS
Total, 25 years and over
25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 years and over
NONVETERANS
Total, 25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served In the Armed Forces between
August 5,1964 and May 7,1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served In the Arm-




ed Forces; published data are limited to thoss 25 to 39 years of age, the group that most
closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employment status of the civilian population for ten large States
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted1

Seasonally adjusted'

State and employment statu*

July
1983

June
1984

July
1984

July
1983

Mar.
1984

Apr.
1984

May
1984

June
1984

18,822
12,451
11,268
1,183
9.5

19,116
12,699
11,759
941
7.4

19,143
12,800
11,728
1,072
8.4

18,822
12,320
11,169
1,151
9.3

19,035
12,451
11,425
1,026
8.2

19,061
12,45 8
11,504
95 4
7.7

19,088
12,490
11,524
966
7.7

19,116
12,683
11,726
95 7
7.5

8 ,344
5 ,006
4 , 5 98
408
8.2

8,547
5 ,067
4,731
336
6.6

8,566
5,162
4,811
351
6.8

8,344
4,917
4,499
418
8.5

8,491
5 ,105
4,826
279
5.5

8,5 09
5,004
4,694
310
6.2

8,528
5 ,05 8
4,735
323
6.4

8 , 5 47
5,020
4,682
338
6.7

8,579
5 ,676
5 ,011
665
11.7

8 , 5 96
5 ,736
5,230
5 06
8.8

8 , 5 97
5 ,666
5 ,176
489
8.6

8,579
5 ,553
4,922
631
11.4

8,591
5 ,625
5,036
589
10.5

8,592
5,579
5,021
558
10.0

8,594
5 ,617
5 ,108
5 09
9.1

8 , 5 96
5 ,658
5 ,192
466
8.2

4,488
3,029
2,841
189
6.2

4 , 5 09
3,084
2,946
138
4.5

4,511
3,094
2,95 9
134
4.3

4,488
2,980
2,799
181
6.1

4,503
3,026
2,865
161
5.3

4 , 5 05
3,099
2,932
167
5.4

4,507
3,05 7
2,933
124
4.1

4,509
3,061
2,943
118
3.9

6,747
4,419
3,842
577
13.1

6,726
4,451
3,949
5 03
11.3

6,724
4,480
3,975
5 06
11.3

6,747
4 , 3 08
3,733
5 75
13.3

6,731
4,385
3,891
494
11.3

6,729
4,377
3,911
466

10.6

6,727
4,356
3,845
511
11.7

6,726
4,365
3,860
5 05
11.6

5 ,754
3,739
3,430
310
8.3

5 ,794
3,825
3,623
202
5.3

5 ,798
3,880
3,635
2 45
6.3

5,754
3,659
3,355
304
8.3

5 ,783
3,822
3,565
257
6.7

5,786
3,928
3,661
26 7
6.8

5 ,790
3,861
3,639
222
5.7

5,794
3,777
3,585
192
5.1

13,577
8,398
7,667
731
8.7

13,628
8,07 0
7,487
583
7.2

13,633
8,341
7,661
680
8.2

13,577
8,148
7,448
700
8.6

13,613
8,061
7 , 5 01
560
6.9

13,618
7,994
7,461
533
6.7

13,622
8,07 4
7,532
542
6.7

13,628
7,972
7,403
569
7.1

8,05 0
5 ,287
4,710
577
10.9

8,05 0
5,183
4,715
46 9
9.0

8,05 0
5,292
4,845
447
8.4

8,05 0
5,139
4,572
567
11.0

8,05 0
5,025
4,513
512
10.2

8,049
5 ,05 0
4,543
507
10. 0

8,05 0
5 ,081
4,562
519
10.2

8,05 0
5,07 2
4,616
456
9.0

9,187
5 ,687
5,068
619
10.9

9 , 2 08
5 ,640
5,122
518
9.2

9,210
5 ,678
5 ,138
540
9.5

9,187
5,576
4,954
622
11.2

9,202
5,365
4,887
478
8.9

9,203
5,394
4,900
494
9.2

9 , 2 05
5,497
4,995
5 02
9.1

9,208
5,581
5,102
479
8.6

11,273
7,716
7,079
637
8.3

11,559
8,090
7,646
4 45
5.5

11,585
8,186
7,670
516
6.3

11,273
7 ,646
7,036
610
8.0

11,480
7,817
7,307
510
6.5

11,506
7,854
7,322
532
6.8

11,532
7,988
7,531
45 7
5.7

11,559
8,011
7,629
382
4.8

California
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.

Civilian labor force

'

Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Illinois
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Massachusetts
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Michigan
Clvlllan-nonlnstltutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Jersey
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population . . .
Civilian labor force
Employed
'..
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New York
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Ohio
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Pennsylvania
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Texas
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Civilian laborforce
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used In the administration of
Federal fund allocation programs.




'The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers
appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted columns.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by Industry
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Industry

July
1983
Total
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining

Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors
Manufacturing
Production workers

Durable goods
Production workers
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products . .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

Nondurable goods

May
1984

June
1984p

1984pl

July
1983

Mar.
1984

Apr.
1984

May
1984

June
1984P

90,112

94,146

94,948

94,264 90,274

93,058

93,449

93,768

94,076

75,001

77,913

78,938

79,056 74,452

77,185

77,546

77,864

78,203

23,608

24,846

25,315

25,353 23,414

24,595

24,760

24,851

24,989

959
596.3

993
613.1

1,013
627.2

1,016
630.7

946
590

978
607

984
612

995
619

1,002
623

4,185 ' 4,299
4,522
4,647
1,094.7 1<121.3 1,185.8 1,216.2

3,947
1,024

4,151
1,099

4,246
1,110

4,286
1,126

4,348
1,138

18,464
12,527

19,554
13,459

19,780
13,624

19,690 18,521
13,521 12,612

19,466
13,388

19,530
13,443

19,570
13,465

19,639
13,504

10,761
7,126

11,621
7,861

11,759
7,956

11,715 10,781
7,897 7,165

11,513
7,769

11,551
7,799

11,598
7,826

11,661
7,866

685
442
585
835
346
,356
027.8
,018
751
755
690
366

713.
480,
608.
891.
350.
,468.
207.
,223,
,921.
864,
720.
385,

735.2
483.4
620.2
894.6
350.8
1,488
2,233
2,252
1,934
870
727
389

731.3
475.1
622.4
886
346
1,475
2,235
2,256
1,921
729
381

665
454
573
838
344
1,369
2,039
2,024
1,757
756
690
372

712
483
606
877
347
1,456
2,166
2,202
1,905
863
718
388

714
482
604
879
345
1,459
2,189
2,212
1,905
857
719
388

711
482
605
887
347
1,469
2,203
2,228
1,906
848
722
385

714
484
606
885
345
1,479
2,227
2,239
1,919
855
723
385

858

7,703
5,401

7,933
5,598

8,021
5,668

7,975
5,624

7,740
5,447

7,953
5,619

7,979
5,644

7,972
5,639

7,978
5,638

1,658.0
63.9
732.5
1,130.8
662.0
1,292
1,051
198
717
195

1,599
61
763
1,222
680
1,354
1,058
188
797.8
207

,639.8
62.3
763
,226
691
,361
,071
190
806
209

1,681.8
61
745.8
1,180.4
689.2
1,359.8
1,068.9
190.5
798.9
197.7

1,626
69
745
1,171
661
1,297
1,046
195
723
207

1,638
66
769
1,218
680
1,339
1,054
190
790
209

1,648
67
766
1,226
680
1,348
1,057
189
790
208

1,643
67
762
1,217
681
1,356
1,057
188
795
206

1,646
66
760
1,208
686
1,361
1,063
188
796
204

66,504

69,300

69,633

6 8 , 9 1 1 66,860

68,463

68,689

68,917

69,087

Transportation and public utilities
Transportation .
Communication and public utilities

5,020
2,750
2,270

5,145
2,877
2,268

5,200
2,917
2,283

5,199
2,912
2,287

5,001
2,751
2,250

5,112
2,839
2,273

5,129
2,862
2,267

5,144
2,871
2,273

5,151
2,882
2,269

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

5,285
3.Q69
2,216

5,485
3,235
2,250

5,537
3,270
2,267

5,542
3,274
2,268

5,256
3,057
2,199

5,457
3,205
2,252

5,473
3,215
2,258

5,492
3,235
2,257

5,501
3,250
2,251

15,635
2,116.4
2,562.9
1,690.3
5,157.7

16,166
2,200.0
2,619.0
1,754.2
5,292.0

16,348
2,231.9
2,644
1,770.4
5,381

16,329 15,580
2 , 2 4 2 . 3 2,164
2 , 6 4 9 . 3 2,558
1,779.6 1,673
5 , 3 5 3 . 8 5,025

16,030
2,230
2,626
1,748
5,136

16,095
2,251
2,635
1,743
5,154

16,166
2,273
2,630
1,751
5,183

16,234
2,291
2,639
1,751
5,199

5,552
2,770
1,727
1,054

5,640
2,834
1,746
1,060

5,721
2,86
1,757
1,098

5,478
2,749
1,719
1,010

5,613
2,831
1,742
1,041

5,640
2,851
1,742
1,047

5,662
2,863
1,746
1,053

5,676
2,860
1,752
1,064

19,901 2 0 , 6 3 1 20,817 20,878 19,723
3 , 5 9 2 . 9 3 , 9 5 9 . 5 4 , 0 2 4 . 9 4,056.5 3,577
6 , 0 1 2 . 3 6 , 0 5 4 . 7 6 , 0 8 9 . 3 6,118.0 5,981

20,378
3,875
6,052

20,449
3,912
6,062

20,549
3,979
6,073

20,652
4,013
6,065

15,873
2,770
3,686
9,417

15,903
2,771
3,693
9,439

15,904
2,767
3,699
9,438

15,873
2,765
3,680
9,428

Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing

Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

Services
Business services
Health services
Government
Federal

State
Local
p = preliminary.




15,111
2,797
3,475
8,839

16,233
2,770
3,751
9,712

16,010
2,809
3,584
9,617

5,755
2,882
1,764
1,109

15,208 15,822
2,820 2,744
3,506 3,662
8,882 9,416

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagriculturai payrolls by Industry
Seasonally adjusted

Not •••tonally adjusted
Industry
July
1983

May
1984

June
1984 P

July
1984P

July
1983

Mar.
1984

Apr.
1984

May
1984

June
1984 P

July
1984 P

35.3

35.2

35.5

35.7

35.0

35.3

35.4

35.3

35.3

35.3

Mining

42.1

43.2

43.5

43.2

(2)

(2)

(2)

<2>

(2)

(2)

Construction

38.2

38.2

38.7

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Manufacturing
Overtime hours

40.0
3.0

40.6
3.3

40.8
3.4

40.4
3.4

40.2
3.0

40.7
3.5

41.1
3.7

40.6
3.3

40.5
3.3

40.6
3.4

Durable goods
Overtime hours

40.4
2.9

41.4
3.5

41.5
3.6

41.0
3.5

40.8
3.0

41.4
3.7

41.8
4.0

41.3
3.5

41.2
3.5

41.4
3.6

40.
39.
41.
40,
40.
40.
40.
40.
41.
43.
40.
38.

40
39
42
41
41
41
41.8
40.9
42.7
43.7
40.7
39.3

40
39
42
42
41
41
42
41
42.8
44.0
41.2
39.1

39.6
39.1
42.2
41.6
41.1
40.8
41.4
40.7
4213
43.3
40.7
39.1

40.
39,
41.
40.
39.
40.
40.
40.
42.
42,
40.
(2)

40.1
39.6
41.9
41.8
41.2
41 .3
41 .9
41 .0
42 .9
44 .4
41 ,1
(2)

40.4
39.7
42.3
42.2
41.0
41.8
42.3
41.3
43.5
44.8
41.4
(2)

(2)

39,
39,
41,
41.8
41.3
41.
42.
40.8
42.3
43.1
41.2
(2)

39.
39.
41.
41.
40.
41.
41.
41,
42.
43.
41.
(2)

39.4
3.0

39.6
3.0

39.8
3.1

39.4
3.1

39.5
3.0

39.8
3.3

40.2
3.4

39.6
3.1

39.6
3.1

39.5
3.1

39.5
36.8
40.2
36
42
37
41
44
40
37

39.6
39.6
40.1
36.5
42.9
37.8
41.8
43.6
41.7
36.9

40.
41,
40.
36.8
43.1
37,
42.
43,
41.8
37.5

39.8
38.9
39
36
43
37
41
43
41
36

39.4
(2)
40.8
35.9
42.9
37.6
41.8
43.8
(2)
37.2

39.8
(2)
40.6
36.7
43.0
37.9
42.0
44.7
(2)
36.7

40.1
(2)
41.2
37.4
43.2
38.2
42.0
43.7
(2)
37.5

39.7
(2)
40.0
36.5
43.1
38.0
41.8
43.5
(2)
36.5

39.8
(2)
39.9
36.4
42.9
37.7
42.0
43.1

(2)
36.5

39.7
(2)
39.6
36.0
43.2
37.8
41.8
43.0
(2)
36.4

Transportation and public utilities

39.2

39.2

39.7

39.8

39.0

39.2

39.5

39.4

39.5

39.6

Wholesale trade

38.6

38.6

38.7

38.8

38.4

38.5

38.7

38.6

38.6

38.6

Retail trade

30.6

30.0

30.4

30.8

29.8

30.1

30.0

30.1

30.2

30.0

Finance, Insurance, and real estate

36.3

36.3

36.3

36.6

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

Services

33.1

32.6

32.9

33.2

32.7

32.8

32.8

32.7

32.7

32.8

Total private

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paperand allied products
Printing and publishing

Chemicals and allied products

,

,

,

Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
,

1
Data relate to production workers In mining and manufacturing; to construction
workers in construction; and to nonsupervlsory workers In transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private
nonagriculturai payrolls.




' This series Is not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component Is
small relative to the trend-cycle and/or Irregular components and consequently cannot
be separated with sufficient precision.
p » preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
1

Table B-3. Average houriy and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers on private nonagrlcultural
payrolls by Industry

Average hourly earning*

Average weekly earnings

Industry

Total private
Seasonally adjusted

July
1983

May
1984

June
1984 P

July
1984

$8.01
8.04

$8.28
8.29

$8.30
8.33

$8.34
8.37

11.56

11.58

.11.62

474.47

499.39

503.73

501.98

Mining

May
1984

June
July
1984 P| 1984

$282.75 $291.46 $294.65 $297.74
281.40
292.64
294.05
295.46

11.99

11.94

11.97

450.76

458.02

462.08

463.24

9.11

9.14

9.17

353.60

369.87

372.91

370.47

9.38
7.82
6.65
9.33
11.37
12.81
9.07
9.57
8.67
11.60
12.05
8.49
6.80

9.66
7.92
6.80
9.54
11.49
13.09
9.33
9.90
8.89
12.04
12.51
8.71
6.99

9.69
8.02
6.85
9.57
11.47
13.03

8.91
12.13
12.67
8.77
6.98

9.70
8.01
6.86
9.63
11.46
12.99
9.35
9.92
8.94
12.13
12.67
8.79
7.01

378.95
314.36
259.35
390.93
460.49
514.96
364.61
383.76
349.40
483.72
518.15
340.45
263.16

399.92
317.59
268.60
404.50
481.43
540.62
386.26
413.82
363.60
514.11
546.69
354.50
274.71

402.14
323.21
271.26
405.77
481.74
539.44
387.71
417.48
365.31
519.16
557.48
361.32
272.92

397.70
317.20
268.23
406.39
476.74
533.89
381.48
410.69
363.86
513.10
548.61
357.75
274.09

8.12
8.20
10.90
6.17
5.35
10.07
9.09
10.59
13.22
8.02
5.53

8.30
8.43
11.55
10.34
9.31
11.02
13.32
8.20
5.68

8.33
8.44
11.93
6.44
5.51
10.42
9.29
11.05
13.33
8.24
5.68

8.41
8.45
11.68
6.43
5.51
10.53
9.35
11.14
13.49
8.31
5.71

319.93
323.90
401.12
248.03
193.14
429.99
340.88
440.54
585.65
328.02
206.82

328.68
333.83
457.38
257.44
200.02
443.59
351.92
460.64
580.75
341.94
209.59

331.53
337.60
489.13
259.53
202.77
449.10
349.30
465.21
579.86
344.43
213.00

331.35
336.31
454.35
251.41
199.46
453.84
352.50
463.42
586.82
342.37
209.56

Manufacturing

Transportation and public utilities

July
1983

8.84

Construction

Durabls goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal Industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products..
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

P

10.84

11.03

11.08

11.23

424.93

432.38

439.88

446.95

Wholesale trad*

8.56

8.86

8.89

8.98

330.42

342.00

344.04

348.42

Retail trade

5.73

5.88

5.87

5.87

175.34

176.40

178.45

180.80

Finance, Inaurance, and real estate

7.29

7.55

7.57

7.63

264.63

274.07

274.79

279.26

Services

7.24

7.55

7.54

7.59

239.64

246.13

248.07

251.99

1

p = preliminary.

See footnote 1, table B-2.

Table B-4. Hourly Earnings Index for production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by Industry
(1977 = 100)

Not seasonally adjuated

Seasonally adjusted
Percent
change
from:

Parcent
Chang*
from:

Industry
June
1984p

July
1983

May
1984

155.3
94.5
167.3
144.4
157.9
156.9
158.6
150.5

159.6
94.8
172.5
146.3
161.8
160.2
164.1
154.0

159.9
94.8
173.7
146.2
162.2
160.8
164.5
153.9

158.9
155.3

164.2
161.6

164.7
161.7

July
1983

Mar.
1984

Apr .
1984

May
1984

160.7
N.A.
174.9
146.4
162.6
162.7
166.0
153.9

3.5
(2)
4.6
1.4
3.0
3.7
4.7
2.2

155.6
94.9
(4)
144.5
157.9
157.9
(4)
150.7

159.1
95.1
(4)
146.3
161.2
160.9
(4)
153.2

159.9
95.4
(4)
146.6
161.6
161.3
(4)
153.7

159.6
94.9
(4)
147.0
162.0
160.9
(4)
153.4

160.3
95.2
(4)
147.2
162.3
162.3
(4)
153.8

161.1
K.A.
(4)
146.6
162.6
163.7
(4)
154.0

0.5
(3)
(4)
-.4
.2
.9
(4)
.2

166.2
163.0

4.6
5.0

158.9
156.4

164.2
160.8

165.8
162.3

164.2
161.4

164.7
162.6

166.2
164.2

.9
.9

June
1984p

Total private nonlarm:
Constant (1977) dollars
Mining
,
Transportation and public utilities .
Wholesale trade
Retail trad*
Finance, Insurance, and

1
2
3
4

July
1984p

July
1983July
1984

July
1984p

See footnote 1, table B-2.
Percent change is .3 percent from June 1983 to June 1984, the latest month available.
Percent change is .3 percent from May 19S4 to June 1984, the latest month available.
These series are not seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle
irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
N.A. - not available,
p - preliminary.




June
1984July
1984

and/or

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT r»ATA

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls by industry
(1977=100)
Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Total
Goods-producing

July
1983

Hay
1984

107.9

112.0

92.4

99.7

June
1984 P

July
1984P

July
1983

Mar.
1984

114.5

115.0

106.1

110.9

112.6

102.5

101.7

91.6

98.1

100.0

Apr.
1984

May
1984

June
1984

p

July
1984

Mining

106.8

114.3

117.6

117.4

105.7

111.7

Construction

112.6

115.7

124.6

128.7

102.0

107.7

112.6

95.7

97.0

96.0

94.5
97.8
102.8
88
73
62
89
93
112
95
91.8
108.8
85.8

95.8
98.6
103
89
74
62
91
95
113
96.8
91.8
109.3
86.5

95.0
96.1
102.5
89.0
74.8
63.7
91
95
113
94
86
107
85

95.
96,
101.
88.
73.
62.
91.8
96.
113.
94,
87,
109,
84,

96.
95.
103.
89.
74.
61.
92.
97.
116.
95.4
87.5
109.3
86.4
97.4
98.
84.
81.
92.
100.
117.
96.
85,
114.
78,

Manufacturing

87.9

97.5

115.5

116.2
116.9

116.4
96.8

Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries,
Blast furnaces and basic steel products . .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motorvehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

84.6
94.0
91.7
85.3
66.1
59.8
80.
80
98.
83.
75.
101,
78.

95,
97,
101.
90.
75.
64.
91.
95,
113.
96.
90.
107.
85.

97.0
101.6
102.5
92.3
75.3
64.1
93.2
97
114
96
91
110
85

99
99,
92.
73.
62,
90.
95,
114.
93.
87.
107,
84.

85.8
90.4
96
82,
66.
59.
82.
82.
100.
84,
75.
102,
81.

Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products

92.
97.
81.
79.
85,
95.
108.
94.
95.
99.
75.8

96.6
93.7
83.5
82.8
94.2
98.7
116.1
95.8
86.
113.
79.

98.4
97.8
87.5
83.3
95.3
101.0
115.8
97.9
86.9
115.2
81.3

96.6
100.7
76.8
78.8
89
100
115
96
88
112
75

93.
95.
90.
82.
88.
95.
109.
94.
92.
101.
79.8

97,
97.
87,
84.
94,
99.
114,
96.
88,
112.
79,

98.8
98
93
85
96
99
116
96
86
113.8
81.4

97,
97.
92,
82.
93,
99.
116,
95.
86,
113.
78,

97,
98.
93,
82.
92,
99.
116.
96.
84,
113.
77,

Service-producing

116.5

118.8

121.2

122.4

114.1

117.9

118.6

119.0

119.6

119.8

Transportation and public utilities

101.3

104.0

106.5

106.8

100.4

103.1

104.4

104.3

104.8

105.9

Wholesale trade

108.9

113.3

114.8

115.1

107.7

112.5

113.3

113.5

113.7

113.9

111.1

Retail trade

109.3

110.5

113.3

114.5

106.1

109.9

110.3

111.9

111.2

Finance, insurance, and real estate

121.5

123.2

125.0

127.0

119.2

122.2

123.1

123.1

124.0

124.4

Services

129.3

131.9

134.3

135.8

126.5

130.9

131.4

131.7

132.2

132.7

' See footnote 1, table B-2.

°

p = preliminary.

1
Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased

Time
span

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Over
1-month
span

27.6
54.3
71.1

47.6
46.5
73.2

35.7
60.8
67.0

31.1
68.9
63.8

41.1
69.5
64.1

33.5
64.6
64.lp

34.6
74.3
66.2p

32.4
68.6

37.3
69.5

28.9
75.4

32.4
69.7

45.7
73.8

Over
3-month
span

25.1
46.8
82.2

27.8
57.3
80.5

27.8
64.1
76.5

27.3
75.1
71.1

27.6
75.7
67.8p

28.6
77.8
73.Op

23.5
74.1

24.1
81.6

26.5
80.8

25.9
78.9

27.8
79.5

41.6
77.6

Over
6-month
span

19.2
50.8
81.9

22.2
63.0
82.7

21.9
69.2
80.Op

24.6
75.1
77.3p

20.3
80.0

21.4
82.4

21.4
84.1

18.6
82.4

23.2
84.6

27.3
85.9

29.5
86.8

35.4
83.8

Over
12-month
span

21.6
49.5
86.5p

21.4
54.3

17.6
61.9

18.1
71.1

16.2
77.3

18.1
79.5

21.1
83.8

21.1
88.1

25.1
86.8

31.6
87.3

34.1
85.4

40.3
86.2p

Year

' Number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,3, and 6 month spans, on payrolls
of 185 private nonagricultural industries,
p = preliminary.




NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.) Data are centered within the spans.

* U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE:

1984-421-816:578

U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington, D.C. 20212
Official Business
Penalty for private use, $300




FIRST CLASS MAIL
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