Full text of The Employment Situation : July 1984
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DOCUMENTS DEPAn iiv,tNl OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 Technical information: Media contact: (202) 523-1371 523-1944 523-1959 523-1913 USDL 84-340 TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL 8:30 A.M. (EDT), FRIDAY, AUGUST 3, 1984 THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: JULY 1984 Unemployment rose in July, returning to the May level, while the two major employment measures showed differing movements, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The overall jobless rate, which includes the resident Armed Forces in the labor force base, was 7.4 percent, and the rate for civilian workers was 7.5 percent. Each measure rose four-tenths of a percentage point over the month, after identical declines in June. Total civilian employment—as measured by the monthly survey of households—fell by 350,000 in July after seasonal adjustment to 105.4 million. This first decline in the series in one and a half years, followed 2 months of exceptionally large increases. In contrast, the number of employees on nonagricultural payrolls—as measured by the monthly survey of establishments—rose by 300,000 over the month, continuing the steady growth that has occurred since early 1983. Despite these differing directions in July, the household series shows employment growth of 6.4 million over the course of the recovery, compared with job gains of 5.7 million in the payroll series. Unemployment (Household Survey Data) The number of unemployed persons increased to 8.5 million from June to July after seasonal adjustment, and the civilian worker unemployment rate rose to 7.5 percent; both figures returned to the levels posted in May. Since November 1982, the number of unemployed persons has declined by 3.3 million, and the jobless rate has dropped by 3.2 percentage points. (See table A-2.) The July increase occurred primarily among adult women, whose jobless rate returned to the level that had essentially prevailed between February and May. The rate for adult men edged up to 6.5 percent, the same as in May, but was still below the rates posted earlier this year. Unemployment increased among both white and black workers. While the rate for white teenagers changed little, the rate for black youth, which is subject to wide fluctuation, rose by 8 percentage points in July to 42.4 percent; it had declined by a similar magnitude in June. (See tables A-2 and A-3.) Most of the July increase took place among workers who had lost their jobs. There was little or no over-the-month change in either the number of persons who were on layoff (expecting to be recalled to their job), had left their job voluntarily, or were entering or reentering the labor force. The number of short-term (less than 5 weeks) and medium-term (5 to 14 weeks) jobless workers rose in July, while the number of long-term unemployed (15 weeks and over) was about unchanged. (See tables A-7 and A-8.) Civilian Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) Civilian employment fell by 355,000 over the month to 105.4 million, seasonally adjusted, after rising by 1.3 million in the prior 2 months. Civilian employment was 6.4 million above the November 1982 recession trough. (See table A-2.) The civilian labor force was 113.9 million in July, unchanged from June. The proportion of the civilian working-age population in the labor force was 64.6 percent, the same as in the previous 2 months. Over the year, the labor force grew by 2.2 million, and the participation rate was up by about half a percentage point. - 2Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data) Nonfarm payroll employment rose by 300,000 in July to 9A.4 million, seasonally adjusted. The growth in employment was widespread, as two-thirds of the 185 industries in the BLS index of diffusion registered over-the-month gains. (See tables B-l and B-6.) Manufacturing employment continued its expansion in July with an increase of 105,000. Advances took place in both the durable and nondurable goods industries. Within durable goods, employment increased markedly in fabricated metal products, machinery, and electrical and electronic equipment. The employment rise in nondurable goods manufacturing—the first since April—reflected an increase in apparel and small gains in several other industries. Elsewhere in the goods-producing sector, employment in construction increased by 30,000, following an even larger gain in the previous month, and mining employment was unchanged. In the service-producing sector, there were employment increases in transportation and public utilities, wholesale trade of durable goods, and the business and health services Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted Monthly data Quarterly averages JuneJuly change Category 1984 1983 •II I 1984 II May June July HOUSEHOLD DATA 112,946 101,706 111,277 100,037 11,240 62,680 1,726 Thousands of 115,333 115,493 106,837 106,978 113,642 113,803 105,146 105,288 8,496 8,514 62,484 62,320 N.A. 1,295. persons 115,567 107,438 113,877 105,748 8,130 62,407 N.A. 115,636 107,093 113,938 105,395 8,543 62,503 N.A. 69 -345 61 -353 413 96 N.A. 7.4 7.5 6.5 6,9 18.3 6.4 16.9 10.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.3 1.9 0.6 Thousands of -jobs 92,765 93,764p 93,768 94,076p 94,378p 24,518 24,867p 24,851 24,989p 25,126p 68,247 68,898p 68,917 69,087p 69,252p 302p 137p 165p 114,292 105,426 112,607 103,740 8,866 63,072 .1,339 Percent of labor force Unemployment rates: 10.0 10.1 9.4 8.5 23.3 8.8 20.4 14.2 7.8 7.9 7.0 7.0 19.6 6.8 16.5 10.9 7.4 7.5 6.6 6.7 18.7 6.4 15.9 10.7 7.4 7.5 6.5 6.8 19.0 6.4 15.8 10.5 7.0 7.1 6.3 6.4 17.6 6.1 15.0 10.0 ESTABLISHMENT DATA 89,588 23,092 66,496 Hours of work Average weekly hours: 34.9 40.0 2.8 1/ Includes the resident Armed Forcess. 35.3 40.8 3.5 35.3p 40.7p 3.4p 35.3 40.6 3.3 35.3p 40.5p 3.3p 35.3p 40.6p 3.4p Op O.lp O.lp 1^.A.-not available*. - 3 industries. strike. The increase in health services reflects, in part, the settlement of a nurses' Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data) The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls in July—35.3 hours, seasonally adjusted—was unchanged for the third month in a row. Similarly, average weekly and overtime hours in manufacturing, at 40.6 and 3.4 hours, respectively, were both about the same as in the prior 2 months. (See table B-2.) The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 0.3 percent in July to 112.9 (1977=100), reflecting the rise in employment. The manufacturing index increased 0.8 percent to 96.8. (See table B-5.) Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data) Average hourly and weekly earnings both increased 0.5 percent in July, seasonally adjusted. Prior to seasonal adjustment, average hourly earnings rose 4 cents to $8.34, and weekly earnings increased $3.09 to $297.74. Over the past year, hourly earnings have risen 33 cents and weekly earnings $14,99. (See table B-3.) The Hourly Earnings Index (Establishment Survey Data) The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 161.1 (1977=100) in July, seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.5 percent from June. For the 12 months ended in July, the increase (before seasonal adjustment) was 3.5 percent. The HEI excludes the effects of two types of changes unrelated to underlying wage rate movements—fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing, and interindustry employment shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI increased 0.3 percent during the 12-month period ended in June. (See table B-4.) Explanatory Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, total employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households that is conducted by the Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (Bi S). The establishment survey provides the information on the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from payroll records by Bi.s in cooperation with State agencies. The sample includes approximately 195,000 establishments employing over 35 million people. For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the pay period including the 12th, which mav or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. The data in this release are affected by a number of technical factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each of these factors is explained below. that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Also included among the unemployed are persons not looking for work because they were laid off and waiting to be recalled and those expecting to report to a job within 30 days. The labor force equals the sum of the number employed and the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the percentage of unemployed people in the labor force (civilian plus the resident Armed Forces). Table A-5 presents a special grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive definition yields U-l and the most comprehensive yields U-7. The overall unemployment rate is U-5a, while U-5b represents the same measure with a civilian labor force base. Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the payroll records of nonagricultural firms. As a result, there are many differences between the two surveys, among which are the following: Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys The sample households in the household survey are selected so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. Those who hold more than one job are classified according to the job at which they worked the most hours. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether they were paid or not. People are also counted as employed if they were on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor and management, or personal reasons. Members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total. People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their eligibility for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the survey week; they were available for work at - The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately lor each appearance. - The household survey. although based on a smaller sample, reflects a larger segment ot the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, private household workers, and members ol the resident Armed Forces; The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed: the establishment survey does not; - The household survey is limited to those 16 years of age and older: the establishment survey is not limited by age; Other differences between the two surveys are described in "Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BIS upon request. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. For example, the labor force increases by a large number each June, when schools close and many young people enter the job market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; over the course of a year, for example, seasonality may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. To return to the school's-out example, the large number of people entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity. Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and average hourly earnings include components based on the employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the components and combining them. The second procedure usually yields more accurate information and is therefore followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of the labor force. The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June period and again for the July-December period. The January revision is applied to data that have been published over the previous 5 years. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment are calculated only once a year, along with the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussed at the end of the next section. Sampling variability Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the number of people employed and the other estimates drawn from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the amount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the chances are approximately 68 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than the standard error from the results of a complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than 1.6 times the standard error from the results of a complete census. At approximately the 90-percent level of confidence—the confidence limits used by BLS in its analyses—the error for the monthly change in total employment is on the order of plus or minus 328,000; for total unemployment it is 220,000; and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage point. These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes but, rather, that the chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that the "true" level or rate would not be expected to differ from the estimates by more than these amounts. Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the data are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the estimate of the size of the labor force is subject to less error than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate of adult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly change in the jobless rate for men is .26 percentage point; for teenagers, it is 1.25 percentage points. In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most current months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are revised. In other words, data for the month of September are published in preliminary form in October and November and in final form in December. To remove errors that build up over time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of employment—against which month-to-month changes can be measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries and allow for the formation of new establishments. Additional statistics and other information In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's employment situation, BI s regularly publishes a wide variety of data in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by Bi s. It is available for $6.00 per issue or $39.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20204. A check or money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders. Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of the standard errors for the household survey data published in this release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, the standard errors appear in tables B through J of its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P. and O of that publication. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the population, Including Armed Forces in the United States, by sex (Numbers In thousands) Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status and sex Juiy 1983 June 1984 July 1984 175.970 115,644 65.7 104.937 59.6 1.664 103.273 4 . 129 9»,144 10.707 9.3 60.326 177.974 117,083 65.8 108,502 61.0 1,690 106,612 3,879 102,932 3,582 7.3 60,891 178.138 117.896 66.2 109.182 61.3 1.698 107.484 3.948 1C3.536 8.714 7.4 60,242 175.970 113,489 64.5 102.889 56.5 1.664 101.225 3.499 97.726 10.600 9.3 62.481 177.510 114.598 64.6 105.826 59.6 1.686 104,140 3,281 100,859 8,772 7.7 62,912 .09 9 ,568 79.2 .471 71.3 .521 .950 ,097 9.2 85,101 66,602 78.5 62.138 73.0 1,545 60.593 4.664 7.0 85.179 67.206 78.9 62.533 73.4 1.551 60.982 4.674 7.0 84.099 64,840 77.1 58.592 69.7 1.521 57.071 6.246 9.6 91.b71 49.07& 53.4 44,466 48.4 143 44.323 4.610 9.4 92.873 50,281 54.1 46,364 49.9 145 46,219 3.917 7.8 92.958 50.689 54.5 46,649 50.2 147 46,502 4.04 0 8.0 91.871 48.649 53.0 44.297 48.2 143 44.154 4.352 8.9 Julv 1983 Mar. 1984 Apr. 1984 Hay 1984 June 1984 177,662 114,938 64.7 106,095 59.7 1,693 104,402 3,393 101,009 8,843 7.7 62,724 177,013 115.493 «>5.0 106.973 60.2 1.690 105.288 3,389 101.899 8,514 7.4 62,320 177,974 115,567 64.9 107,438 60.4 1.690 105,748 3.403 102.344 8.130 7.0 62.407 178,138 115.636 64.9 107. C93 60.1 1,698 105.395 3 . 345 102.050 8,543 7.4 6 2 , 503 84.880 65.156 76.8 60.290 71.0 1.542 58.748 4.867 7.5 84,953 65,212 76.8 60.293 71.0 1.548 58,745 4,919 7.5 85.024 65.307 76.8 60,629 71.3 1,545 59,084 4,67a 7.2 85.101 65.452 76.9 60.923 71.6 1.545 59.378 4.529 6.9 85,179 65,362 76.7 60,607 71.2 1,551 =9, 056 4,756 7.3 92.630 49.442 53.4 45.536 49.2 144 45.392 3.905 7.9 92,709 49,725 53.6 45,802 49.4 145 45.657 3,324 7.9 92,769 5 0 , 186 54.1 46.350 50.0 145 46.205 3.836 7.6 92,b73 5 0 . 115 54.0 46.515 50. 1 145 46.370 3.600 7.2 92.95e 5 0 . 273 54.1 4 6 , 486 50.0 147 46,339 3, 787 7.5 Julv 1984 TOTAL Nonlnstitutlonal population 1 Labor force 1 Participation rate' Total employed' Employment-population ratio' . . . Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Unemployment rate' Not in labor force Men, 16 years and over Nonlnstitutlonal population' Labor force' Participation rate* Total employed' Employment-population ratio4 . . . Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed Unemployed Unemployment rate' Women, 16 years and over Nonlnstitutlonal population' Labor force' Participation rate' Total employed' Employment-population ratio4 . . . Resident Armed Forces Civilian employed Unemployed Unemployment rate' ' The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. ' Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed In the United States. ' Labor force as a percent of the nonlnstitutlonal population. 4 Total employment as a percent of the nonlnstitutlonal population. 1 Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (Including the resident Armed Forces). HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment atatue of the civilian population by aex and age (Numbers In thounnd«) Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age July 1983 June 1984 July 1984 Julv 1983 Mar. 1984 Apr. 1984 May 1984 J une 1984 174.306 113.980 6 5.4 103.273 59.2 10.707 9.4 176,284 115,393 65.5 106,812 60.6 8,582 7.4 176.440 116.198 65.9 107.484 60.9 8.714 7.5 174.306 111.825 64.2 101.225 58.1 10.600 9.5 175,824 112,912 64.2 104,140 59.2 8,772 7.8 175,969 113.245 64.4 104.402 59.3 8,843 7.8 176,123 113,803 64.6 105,288 59.8 8,514 7.5 176.284 113.877 64.6 105.748 60.0 8.130 7.1 74.927 59.492 79.4 54.570 72.8 2,742 51.828 4.922 8.3 76,176 60,224 79.1 56,565 74.3 2,657 53,929 3,639 6.0 76.269 60,341 79.1 56.662 74.3 2,688 53,974 3.679 6.1 74.927 58.982 78.7 53.765 71.8 2.521 51.244 5.217 8.8 75.880 59.388 78.3 55,368 73.0 2.364 53,004 4,020 6.8 75.973 59.480 78.3 55.385 72.9 2.453 52.932 4.095 6.9 76,073 59,546 78.3 55,685 73.2 2,451 53,234 3,861 6.5 76.176 59,726 78.4 55,970 73.5 2.469 53.501 3.755 6.3 84.122 44,150 52.5 40.544 48.2 758 39,786 3,60 6 8.2 85,380 45,649 53.5 42,678 50.0 750 41,928 2,970 6.5 85,488 45,746 53.5 42.499 49.7 707 41,792 3,246 7.1 64.122 44.647 53.1 41.123 48.9 613 40,510 3.524 7.9 85,064 45,459 53.4 42,315 49.7 574 41.741 3.144 6.9 85.168 45.703 53.7 42,517 49.9 619 41,898 3,186 7.0 85,272 46,222 54.2 43,098 50.5 610 42,487 3,124 6.8 85,380 46. 101 54.0 43,146 50.5 623 42,523 2,955 6.4 15,257 10,338 67.8 8, 159 53.5 629 7,530 2,179 21. 1 14,728 9.520 64.6 7.548 51.2 473 7,075 1,972 20.7 14.683 10.111 68.9 8.323 56.7 553 7.770 1.788 17.7 15.257 8.196 53.7 6.337 41.5 365 5.972 1.859 22.7 14.880 8,065 54.2 6.457 43.4 343 6.114 1.608 19.9 14.828 8,062 54.4 6,500 43.8 321 6,179 1,562 19.4 14,778 8,034 54.4 6,505 44.0 327 6,178 1,529 19.0 14.728 8,050 54.7 6,631 45.0 311 6.320 1.419 17.6 TOTAL Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed , Employment-population ratio* . . . Unemployed Unemployment rate Men, 20 years and over Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio* . . . Agriculture Nonagricultural Industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Women, 20 years and over Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio* . . . Agriculture Nonagricultural Industries Unemployed Unemployment rate Both sexes, 16 to 19 yssrs Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio' . . . Agriculture Nonagricultural Industries Unemployed Unemployment rate 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical numbers appear In the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. ' Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian nonlnstltutlonal population, HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin (Numbers In thousands) Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin JulY 1983 Jane 1984 July 1984 July 1983 Har. 1984 Apr. 1984 Way 1984 J tine 1984 July 198 4 WHITE 150.959 98.911 65.5 91.012 60.3 7.899 8.0 152,295 100,090 65.7 93,772 61.6 6,319 6.3 152,286 100.488 66.0 94.257 61.9 6.231 6.2 150.959 97.255 64.4 89.260 59.1 7.995 8.2 152,285 98,424 64.6 91,845 60.3 6,580 6.7 152.178 S8.495 64.7 91.933 60.4 6,562 6.7 152,229 98,853 64.9 92,505 60.8 6,348 6.4 152.295 98.770 64.9 92.697 60.9 6.072 6.1 152.286 98,710 64.8 92,430 60.7 6,280 6.4 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio* Unemployed Unemployment rate 52.367 79.7 48.654 74.1 3,713 7.1 52.990 79.5 50,291 75.5 2,700 5.1 52.967 79.5 50.311 75.5 2,656 5.0 51.901 79.0 47.891 72.9 4.010 7.7 52.398 78.8 49,343 74.2 3.055 5.8 52,406 78.8 49,329 74.2 3,077 5.9 52,357 78.7 49,440 74.3 2,917 5.6 52.548 78.9 49.744 74.7 2.804 5.3 52,366 78.6 49,470 74.3 2,896 5.5 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio* Unemployed Unemployment rate 37,646 51.8 35,026 48.2 2,620 7.0 38,847 52.8 36,672 49.9 2,175 5.6 38,865 52.8 36.518 49.6 2.347 6.0 38.161 52.5 35.574 48.9 2.587 6.8 38.873 52.9 36,570 49.8 2,303 5.9 39,032 53.1 36,688 49.9 2.344 6.0 39,439 53.7 3 7 , 150 50.5 2,289 5.8 39,226 53.3 37.042 50.4 2.184 5.6 39.396 53.5 37,C74 50.4 2.321 5.9 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio* Unemployed Unemployment rate Men Women 8,89b 70.7 7,332 58.3 1,566 17.6 17.5 17.7 8,253 68.0 6,809 56.1 1,444 17.5 17.1 17.9 8.655 71.6 7.428 61.4 1,228 14.2 15.4 12.9 7.193 57.2 5.795 46.1 1.398 19.4 20.3 18.4 7,153 58.3 5,932 48.3 1,221 17.1 17.3 16.8 7.057 57.7 5.916 48.4 1,141 16.2 16.6 15.7 7,057 58.0 5,915 48.6 1,142 16.2 16.8 15.5 6.996 57.7 5.911 48.7 1.085 15.5 16.5 14.5 6.948 57.5 5,686 48.7 1,062 15.3 17.8 12.6 18,942 12,186 64.3 9,717 51.3 2,469 20.3 19,330 12,230 63.3 10,222 52.9 2,009 16.4 19.360 12.536 64.8 10.334 53.4 2,202 17.6 18.942 11.741 62.0 9.443 49.9 2.298 19.6 19,248 11,867 61.7 9,896 51.4 1.972 16.6 19,274 11.934 61.9 9.923 51.5 2,011 16.8 19,302 12,008 62.2 1 0 , 105 52.4 1,903 15.8 19.330 11.962 61.9 10.168 52.6 1.795 15.0 19,360 12,076 62.4 10,041 51.9 2.035 16.9 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio' Unemployed Unemployment rate 5,661 76.8 4,614 62.6 1.046 18.5 5,703 75.1 4,864 64.1 839 14.7 5,769 75.8 4.860 63.9 909 15.8 5.599 76.0 4.559 61.9 1.040 18.6 5,660 75.0 4.789 63.5 871 15.4 5,607 74.2 4,712 62.4 894 16.0 5.673 74.9 4,672 64.3 601 14.1 5,646 74.4 4,811 63.4 835 14.8 5.700 74.9 4,802 63.1 897 15.7 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio* Unemployed Unemployment rate 5.331 57.0 4.450 47.6 881 16.5 5,485 57.3 4,779 49.9 706 12.9 5.539 57.7 4.751 49.5 788 14.2 5.317 56.9 4.458 47.7 859 16.2 5.425 57.0 4.690 49.2 735 13.5 5,469 57.3 4.737 49.6 731 13.4 5.547 58.0 4,793 50.1 754 13.6 5.496 57.4 4,818 50.3 679 12.4 5,522 57.5 4,746 49.5 776 14.0 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed # Employment-population ratio* Unemployed Unemployment rate Men Women 1,194 53.7 653 29.3 542 45.3 44.6 46.3 1.042 48.2 579 26.8 464 44.5 43.2 46.0 1.228 57.0 723 33.5 505 41.1 40.3 42.0 825 37.1 426 19.1 399 48.4 48.3 48.4 783 35.9 417 19.1 366 46.7 44.4 49.6 859 39.5 474 21.8 385 44.8 42.8 47.1 787 36.3 440 20.3 347 44. 1 40.9 48.2 820 37.9 539 24.9 281 34.3 35.3 33.1 854 39.6 492 22.8 362 42.4 42.6 42.1 9.640 6,246 64.8 5,448 56.5 798 12.8 9,824 6,410 65.2 5.760 58.6 651 10.2 9.738 6.432 66. 1 5.733 58.9 700 10.9 9.640 6.090 63.2 5.339 55.4 751 12.3 10.060 6.484 64.3 5.751 57.1 733 11.3 10.072 6.378 63.3 5.643 56.0 735 11.5 10,026 6,332 63.2 5,666 56.5 666 10.5 9.824 6.298 64.1 5.669 57.7 629 10.0 9,738 6,293 64.6 5,626 57.8 667 10.6 Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population. Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio* Unemployed Unemployment rate BLACK Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population... Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio* Unemployed . . . ' Unemployment rate HISPANIC ORIGIN Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.. Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio* Unemployed Unemployment rate ' The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal vaMatlon; therefore, Identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. ' Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian nonlnstltutlonal population. NOTE Detail for the above race and Hispanlc-ongln groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and HIspanlcs are Included In both the white and black population groups. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Selected employment indicators (Numbers In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Category July 1983 June 1984 103.273 38,484 23.925 5.012 106.812 39,306 25,270 5.642 062 719 348 1,886 1.699 295 1.924 1.704 320 91.100 15.100 70,000 1.404 74.596 7.589 355 94.718 15,309 79.408 1,413 77,995 7,851 364 87.7o7 71.192 6,686 1.773 4,*13 9.889 95,860 78.731 6.117 1.743 4,374 11.012 July 1984 Jul? 1983 Mar. 1984 Apr. 1984 104.140 '38.927' 25.239 5.444 104,402 39.062 25.457 5,491 1.631 1.573 251 1.515 1.580 198 95.389 15.105 80,284 1.367 78.917 7.810 337 89.687 15.593 74.094 1.27 6 72.818 7.595 322 92.251 75.906 6.201 1,581 4,620 10.144 92.126 73.844 5.700 1.781 3.919 12.582 Hay June 1984 July 198 4 105,288 39.159 25.722 5.668 105.748 39.072 25.786 5.688 105,395 39,121 25.716 5.662 1,661 1.534 207 1.610 1,537 246 1,604 1.570 212 1,513 1.559 230 92.819 15,813 77.006 1.155 75.851 7.755 326 92.931 15,784 77,147 1,296 75.851 7.834 338 93,928 15,761 78,167 1.347 76.820 7,707 311 94.040 15.685 78.355 1.329 77.026 7,828 348 93.841 15.604 78.236 1.239 76.9S7 7,717 306 94.962 77.004 5.463 1.472 3.991 12,515 96.918 78,276 5,593 1,530 4,063 13,049 96.523 78.280 5.353 1.549 3.804 12,889 96.500 78,496 5.491 1.654 3.837 12.514 96,848 78,659 5,300 1.589 3.711 12,889 198H CHARACTERISTIC Civilian employed, 16 years and over Married men, spouse present Married women, spouse present Women who maintain families 107.484 1 0 1 . 2 2 5 39.395 38.254 25.022 24.618 5,071 5,62 8 MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture: Wage and salary workers Self-employed workers Unpaid family workers Nonagricultural industries: Wage and salary workers Government Private industries Private households Other industries Self-employed workers Unpaid family workers PERSONS AT WORK' Nonagricultural industries Full-time schedules Part time for economic reasons Usually work full time Usually work part time Part time for noneconomlc reasons 1 Excludes persons "with a Job but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or Industrial dispute. Table A-5. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force, seasonally adjusted (Percent) Monthly data Quarterly averages Measure July IV II U-1 1984 1983 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as. a percent of the 4.0 3.7 6.0 5.4 7.9 7.3 10.0 9.3 3.1 2.7 4.7 4.2 6.6 6.1 8.3 7.6 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.4 3.7 4.0 5.6 5.9 civilian labor force U-2 Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force U-3 Unemployed-persons 25 years and over as a percent of the civilian labor force Unemployed full-time Jobseekers as a percent of the full-time civilian labor force U-4 3.8 5.8 7.2 3.8 5.7 7.2 7.2 U-5a Total unemployed as a percent of the labor force, Including the resident Armed Forces 10.0 9.3 8.4 7.8 7.4 7.4 7.0 7.4 U-5b Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force 10.1 9.4 8.5 7.9 7.5 7.5 7.1 7.5 Total full-time Jobseekers plus '/« part-time Jobseekers plus % total on pan time for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less Vi of the part-time labor force 12.9 12.2 11.2 10.5 9.9 9.9 9.5 9.9 Total full-time Jobseekers plus % part-time Jobseekers plus Vi total on part time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less Vi of the part-time labor force 14.4 13.5 12.4 11.6 U-6 U-7 N.A. - not iviiltble. N.A. N.A HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Selected unemployment Indicators, seasonally adjusted Number of Unemployment rates1 unemployed persons (In thousands) Category July 1983 June 1984 July 1984 Julv 1983 Har. 1984 Apr. 1984 Hay 1984 June 1984 July 198 4 7.5 7.3 6.5 7.7 6.8 19.0 7.1 7. 1 6.3 7.2 6.4 17.6 7.5 7. E 6.5 7.6 6. S 18.3 4.6 5.9 9.6 CHARACTERISTIC 10,600 6,248 5,217 4.352 3,524 1,859 8,130 4, 52 S 3,755 3,600 2.955 1,419 8,543 4.756 3.906 3.787 3,173 1,464 9.5 9.9 8.8 9.0 7. 22. 7.8 7.7 6.8 7.9 6.9 19.9 Married men, spouse present Married women, spouse present Women who maintain families 2.540 1.854 676 1,854 1,516 602 1.867 1.615 602 6.2 7.0 11.8 4.7 5.8 11.0 4.7 5.8 10.5 4.5 5.6 9.6 Full-time workers Part-time workers Labor force time lost* 8,985 1.648 6.524 1.649 7.061 1.550 9.4 10.2 10.7 7.5 9.2 8.8 7.6 9.1 8.9 6.7 10.3 8.3 7,921 160 985 2,320 "1,450 870 411 2.051 1.»74 889 261 5,865 75 820 1.588 949 639 312 1.562 1.508 663 214 6,289 77 839 1.650 883 767 361 1.693 1.669 732 259 9.7 16.6 18.0 10.7 11.4 9.7 7.3 7.6 11.2 13.3 7.5 7.8 7.2 5.0 8.3 6.4 4.4 14.6 7.7 10.3 Total, 16 years and over Men, 1 e years ana over Men, 20 years and over Women, 16 years and over Women, 20 years and over Both sexes, 16to 19years INDUSTRY Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers Mining Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation and public utitlties Wholesale and retail trade Finance and service Industries Government workers Agricultural wage and salary workers 9.e 7.3 5.4 15.0 12.2 7.2 8.9 14.8 7.1 7.0 7.1 5.5 7.9 5.5 4.7 13.9 7.0 7. 1 14.8 7.2 7.2 7.3 5.2 7.2 5.4 4. 1 11.8 7.4 7.5 14.7 7.5 6.7 8.6 6. 1 7.8 5.9 4.5 14.6 reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours. Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. Aggregate hours- lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic Table A-7. Duration of unemployment (Numbers In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Weeks of unemployment July 1983 June 1984 July 1984 Julv 1983 Har. 1984 Apr. 1984 May 1984 June 1984 July 1984 DURATION Less than S weeks 5 to 14 weeks 15 weeks and over 15 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over Average (mean) duration, In weeks Median duration, In weeks 3,7ud 3,046 3,953 1,318 2,636 4.005 1.973 2,603 1,018 1.585 3.642 2.649 2,423 815 1.608 3.529 2.841 4.398 1,794 2,604 3,386 2.539 2.873 1,114 1,759 3,438 2,493 2.855 1,111 1,744 3,238 2,433 2,851 1,186 1,664 3,174 2.294 2,619 1,008 1.611 3,4 62 2,490 2,689 1,100 1,569 20.0 8.8 17.3 5.9 17.0 6.5 21.3 10.1 18.8 8.3 18.5 8.1 18.4 8.7 18.6 7.2 18.1 7.6 100.0 46.7 23.0 30.3 11.9 18.5 100.0 41.8 30.4 27. d 9.4 18.5 100.0 32.8 26.4 40.8 16.7 24.2 100.0 38.5 28.9 32.7 12.7 20.0 100.0 39.1 28.4 32.5 12.6 19.8 100.0 38.0 2b. 6 33.5 13.9 19.5 100.0 39.2 28.4 32.4 12.5 19.9 100.0 40.1 28.8 31.1 12.7 18.4 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed Less than 5 weeks 5 to 14 weeks 15 weeks and over 15 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over 100. 34. 28. 36. 12. 24. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Reason for unemployment (Numbers In thousands) Not seasonally adjhntad Reason SMSonalty •dtuetod July 1983 June 1984 July 1984 July 1983 Bar. 1984 Apr. 1984 flay 1984 June 1984 July 198 4 5.390 1,609 4,281 767 2,492 1,559 3,963 1,026 2,937 745 2.259 1.614 4.258 1.091 3.167 880 2.154 1.421 6.235 1.735 4.500 752 2.415 1.229 4.614 1.254 3.360 756 2,208 1,213 4,527 1.108 3.419 781 2.308 1.216 4,327 1.192 3.134 804 2.178 1,186 4,220 1.166 3,055 800 1.968 1.136 4.511 1,164 3.346 865 2.091 1.092 100.0 55.0 15.0 40.0 7.2 23.3 14.6 100.0 46.2 12.0 34. 2 8.7 26.3 18.8 100.0 48.8 12.5 36.3 10.1 24.7 16.3 100.0 58.6 16.3 42.3 7. 1 22.7 11.6 100.0 52.5 14.3 38.2 8.6 25.1 13.8 100.0 51.3 12.5 38.7 8.8 26.1 13.8 100.0 50.9 14.0 36.9 9.5 25.6 14.0 100.0 51.9 14.4 37.6 9.8 24.2 14.0 100.0 52.7 13.6 39.1 10.1 24.4 12.8 5.2 .7 2.2 1.4 3.4 .6 2.0 3.6 .8 1.9 1.2 4.1 .7 2.0 1.1 4.0 .7 2.0 1.1 3.B .7 1.9 3.7 .7 1.7 1.0 4.0 .8 1.8 1.0 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers On layoff Other job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed Job losers On layoff Other Job losers : Job leavers Reentrants New entrants UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers Job leavers Reentrants New entrants 1.4 5.6 .7 2.2 1.1 1.0 Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed persons (In thousands) Sex and age July 1*83 25 years and over' 1 June 1984 July 1984 July 1983 Bar. 1984 Apr. 1984 Bay 1984 June 1984 July 198 4 10.600 4,096 1.859 767 1,071 2,237 6,486 5,707 798 8,130 3 , 156 1,419 602 813 1,737 4,996 4,274 683 6,543 3.276 1.464 626 817 1,812 5,257 4.619 660 9.5 16.8 22.7 25.1 20.8 13.9 7.4 7.9 5.3 7.8 14.4 19.9 23.1 18.1 11.6 5.9 6.3 4.3 7.8 14.6 19.4 22.3 17.5 12.2 6.0 6.3 4.2 7.5 14.0 19.0 20.2 18.2 11.5 5.7 6.0 4.4 7.1 13.0 17.6 19.7 16.3 10.7 5.6 5.7 4.6 7.5 13.6 18.3 20.5 16.7 11.3 5.9 6.2 4.4 6.248 2,397 1.031 451 568 1.366 3.826 3.337 489 4,529 1,772 774 365 413 998 2,757 2,377 378 4.756 1.846 850 358 478 996 2,896 2.496 401 9.9 18.4 23.8 27.3 21.2 15.8 7.6 8.1 5.5 7.7 14.6 20.0 23.0 18.2 11.9 5.9 6.1 4.6 7.7 15.0 19.7 23.7 17.3 12.7 5.9 6.2 4.4 7.3 14.0 19.4 21.3 18.3 11.5 5.7 5.9 4.5 7.1 13.7 13.5 22.7 16. 1 11.4 5.4 5.6 4.3 7.5 14.6 20.6 23.0 18.-8 11.7 5.7 5.9 4.6 4,352 1,699 823 316 503 871 2.660 2,370 309 3,600 1.384 645 237 400 739 2.238 1,897 305 3.787 1.430 614 268 339 816 2.361 2.123 259 9.0 15.0 21.5 22.6 20.5 11.7 7.1 7.6 5.1 7.9 14.2 19.8 23.1 18.1 11.3 6.0 6.5 3.9 7.9 14.1 19.0 20.8 17.8 11.6 6.0 6.4 3.9 7.7 14.0 18.6 19.0 18.1 11.6 5.8 6.1 4.3 7.2 12.2 16.7 16.4 16.5 9.9 5.8 5.8 5.0 .7.6 12. £ 15.9 17.9 14.4 10.8 6. 1 6.5 4.2 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. Unemployment rata*' HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Employment status of black and other workers (Numbers In thousands) Seasonally adjusted' Not •••tonally adjusted Employment status Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.. Civilian labor force Participation rate Employed Employment-population ratio' Unemployed Unemployment rate Not In labor force Juxv 1933 June 1984 July 1984 Julv 1983 Mac. 1984 Apr. 1984 May 1984 June 1984 July 1984 23,347 15.069 64.5 12,261 52.5 2,808 18.6. 8,277 23,989 15,303 63.8 13.040 54.4 2,263 14.8 8.686 24.154 15,710 65.0 13,227 54.8 2.483 15.8 8,444 23.347 14.577 62.4 11.969 51.3 2.608 17.9 8.770 23.539 14.521 61.7 12.325 52.4 2.195 15.1 9.018 23.791 14.770 62.1 12,541 52.7 2.229 15.1 9.021 23.894 14,976 62.7 12.852 53.8 2.125 14. 2 8.918 23.989 15.039 62.7 13.020 54.3 2.020 13.4 8.950 24,154 15. 196 62.9 12,907 5 3.4 2,290 15.1 8 , 958 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian nonlnstltutlonal population. Table A-11. Occupational status of the employed and unemployed, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers In thousands) Civilian employed Unemployed Unemployment rata Occupation July 1983" Total, 16 years and over1 Julv 1984 July 1983 July 1984 July 1983 July 1984 103.273 107,484 10.707 8.714 9.4 7.5 Managerial and professional specialty Executive, administrative, and managerial Professional specialty 23.166 10.740 12,425 24,423 11,744 12,679 867 389 478 754 327 428 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.0 2.7 3.3 Technical, sales, and administrative support Technicians and related support Sales occupations Administrative support, including clerical 31.787 3.142 12,060 16,586 33,337 3,249 12.961 17.128 2.138 156 842 1,140 1.664 95 654 915 6.3 4.7 6.5 6.4 4.8 2. 8 4.8 5. 1 Service occupations Private household Protective service Service, except private household and protective 14,155 1.006 1.761 11,387 14.525 1,039 1,734 11,751 1.657 85 135 1,437 1,466 83 91 1,292 10.5 7.6 9.2 7.4 5.0 9.9 Precision production, craft, and repair Mechanics and repairers Construction trades Other precision production, craft, and repair 12,831 4.171 4.632 4,028 13,445 4,399 4.834 4,212 1,334 334 612 388 962 200 491 270 9.4 7.4 11.7 8.8 6.7 4.4 9.2 6.0 Operators, fabricators, and laborers Machine operators, assemblers, and Inspectors Transportation and material moving occupations Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers Construction laborers Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 16,591 7,772 4.260 4.558 707 3.851 17,338 7,979 4,572 4,787 854 3.933 2,718 1,293 523 902 165 737 2,088 914 388 787 183 604 14.1 14.3 10.9 16.5 18.9 16.1 10.8 10. 2 7.8 14. 1 17. 6 13.3 4.743 4,416 379 283 7.4 6.C Farming, forestry, and fishing 'Persons with no previous work experience and those whose last job was in the Armed Forces are Included in the unemployed total. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Employment statue of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers In thousands) Civilian labor force Veteran status and age Civilian nonlnstftutlonal population Unemployed Employed Total Percent ot labor force Number July 1983 July 19b 4 July 1983 July 1984 Julv 1983 July 1984 7,846 5,846 668 2,135 3,043 2,000 7,919 5,480 469 1,7 11 3.300 2.439 7.378 5,613 620 2,055 2.938 1.765 7.474 5.301 445 1.658 3.198 2.173 6.763 5 . 10 4 54 4 1.84 8 2.712 1.659 7.046 4.970 399 1.542 3.029 2.076 615 509 76 207 226 106 20,053 8,713 6,808 4,532 21.152 8.973 7.419 4,760 18.943 8.176 6.469 4.298 20.026 8.466 7.060 4.500 17.350 7.408 5.967 3.975 18,816 7,907 6.653 4.256 1.593 768 502 323 July 1983 July 1984 July 1J83 July 1984 428 331 46 116 169 97 8.3 9.1 12.3 10. 1 7.7 6.0 5.7 6.2 10.3 7.0 5.3 4.5 1.210 559 407 244 8.4 9.4 7.8 7.5 6.0 6.6 5.8 5.4 VETERANS Total, 25 years and over 25 to 39 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 39 years 40 years and over NONVETERANS Total, 25 to 39 years 25 to 29 years 30 to 34 years 35 to 39 years NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served In the Armed Forces between August 5,1964 and May 7,1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served In the Arm- ed Forces; published data are limited to thoss 25 to 39 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Employment status of the civilian population for ten large States (Numbers In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted1 Seasonally adjusted' State and employment statu* July 1983 June 1984 July 1984 July 1983 Mar. 1984 Apr. 1984 May 1984 June 1984 18,822 12,451 11,268 1,183 9.5 19,116 12,699 11,759 941 7.4 19,143 12,800 11,728 1,072 8.4 18,822 12,320 11,169 1,151 9.3 19,035 12,451 11,425 1,026 8.2 19,061 12,45 8 11,504 95 4 7.7 19,088 12,490 11,524 966 7.7 19,116 12,683 11,726 95 7 7.5 8 ,344 5 ,006 4 , 5 98 408 8.2 8,547 5 ,067 4,731 336 6.6 8,566 5,162 4,811 351 6.8 8,344 4,917 4,499 418 8.5 8,491 5 ,105 4,826 279 5.5 8,5 09 5,004 4,694 310 6.2 8,528 5 ,05 8 4,735 323 6.4 8 , 5 47 5,020 4,682 338 6.7 8,579 5 ,676 5 ,011 665 11.7 8 , 5 96 5 ,736 5,230 5 06 8.8 8 , 5 97 5 ,666 5 ,176 489 8.6 8,579 5 ,553 4,922 631 11.4 8,591 5 ,625 5,036 589 10.5 8,592 5,579 5,021 558 10.0 8,594 5 ,617 5 ,108 5 09 9.1 8 , 5 96 5 ,658 5 ,192 466 8.2 4,488 3,029 2,841 189 6.2 4 , 5 09 3,084 2,946 138 4.5 4,511 3,094 2,95 9 134 4.3 4,488 2,980 2,799 181 6.1 4,503 3,026 2,865 161 5.3 4 , 5 05 3,099 2,932 167 5.4 4,507 3,05 7 2,933 124 4.1 4,509 3,061 2,943 118 3.9 6,747 4,419 3,842 577 13.1 6,726 4,451 3,949 5 03 11.3 6,724 4,480 3,975 5 06 11.3 6,747 4 , 3 08 3,733 5 75 13.3 6,731 4,385 3,891 494 11.3 6,729 4,377 3,911 466 10.6 6,727 4,356 3,845 511 11.7 6,726 4,365 3,860 5 05 11.6 5 ,754 3,739 3,430 310 8.3 5 ,794 3,825 3,623 202 5.3 5 ,798 3,880 3,635 2 45 6.3 5,754 3,659 3,355 304 8.3 5 ,783 3,822 3,565 257 6.7 5,786 3,928 3,661 26 7 6.8 5 ,790 3,861 3,639 222 5.7 5,794 3,777 3,585 192 5.1 13,577 8,398 7,667 731 8.7 13,628 8,07 0 7,487 583 7.2 13,633 8,341 7,661 680 8.2 13,577 8,148 7,448 700 8.6 13,613 8,061 7 , 5 01 560 6.9 13,618 7,994 7,461 533 6.7 13,622 8,07 4 7,532 542 6.7 13,628 7,972 7,403 569 7.1 8,05 0 5 ,287 4,710 577 10.9 8,05 0 5,183 4,715 46 9 9.0 8,05 0 5,292 4,845 447 8.4 8,05 0 5,139 4,572 567 11.0 8,05 0 5,025 4,513 512 10.2 8,049 5 ,05 0 4,543 507 10. 0 8,05 0 5 ,081 4,562 519 10.2 8,05 0 5,07 2 4,616 456 9.0 9,187 5 ,687 5,068 619 10.9 9 , 2 08 5 ,640 5,122 518 9.2 9,210 5 ,678 5 ,138 540 9.5 9,187 5,576 4,954 622 11.2 9,202 5,365 4,887 478 8.9 9,203 5,394 4,900 494 9.2 9 , 2 05 5,497 4,995 5 02 9.1 9,208 5,581 5,102 479 8.6 11,273 7,716 7,079 637 8.3 11,559 8,090 7,646 4 45 5.5 11,585 8,186 7,670 516 6.3 11,273 7 ,646 7,036 610 8.0 11,480 7,817 7,307 510 6.5 11,506 7,854 7,322 532 6.8 11,532 7,988 7,531 45 7 5.7 11,559 8,011 7,629 382 4.8 California Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population. Civilian labor force ' Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Florida Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population. Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Illinois Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population. Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Massachusetts Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population. Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Michigan Clvlllan-nonlnstltutional population Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate New Jersey Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population . . . Civilian labor force Employed '.. Unemployed Unemployment rate New York Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population. Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Ohio Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population. Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Pennsylvania Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population. Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Texas Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population. Civilian laborforce Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate 1 These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used In the administration of Federal fund allocation programs. 'The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted columns. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by Industry (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Industry July 1983 Total Total private Goods-producing Mining Oil and gas extraction Construction General building contractors Manufacturing Production workers Durable goods Production workers Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products . . Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods May 1984 June 1984p 1984pl July 1983 Mar. 1984 Apr. 1984 May 1984 June 1984P 90,112 94,146 94,948 94,264 90,274 93,058 93,449 93,768 94,076 75,001 77,913 78,938 79,056 74,452 77,185 77,546 77,864 78,203 23,608 24,846 25,315 25,353 23,414 24,595 24,760 24,851 24,989 959 596.3 993 613.1 1,013 627.2 1,016 630.7 946 590 978 607 984 612 995 619 1,002 623 4,185 ' 4,299 4,522 4,647 1,094.7 1<121.3 1,185.8 1,216.2 3,947 1,024 4,151 1,099 4,246 1,110 4,286 1,126 4,348 1,138 18,464 12,527 19,554 13,459 19,780 13,624 19,690 18,521 13,521 12,612 19,466 13,388 19,530 13,443 19,570 13,465 19,639 13,504 10,761 7,126 11,621 7,861 11,759 7,956 11,715 10,781 7,897 7,165 11,513 7,769 11,551 7,799 11,598 7,826 11,661 7,866 685 442 585 835 346 ,356 027.8 ,018 751 755 690 366 713. 480, 608. 891. 350. ,468. 207. ,223, ,921. 864, 720. 385, 735.2 483.4 620.2 894.6 350.8 1,488 2,233 2,252 1,934 870 727 389 731.3 475.1 622.4 886 346 1,475 2,235 2,256 1,921 729 381 665 454 573 838 344 1,369 2,039 2,024 1,757 756 690 372 712 483 606 877 347 1,456 2,166 2,202 1,905 863 718 388 714 482 604 879 345 1,459 2,189 2,212 1,905 857 719 388 711 482 605 887 347 1,469 2,203 2,228 1,906 848 722 385 714 484 606 885 345 1,479 2,227 2,239 1,919 855 723 385 858 7,703 5,401 7,933 5,598 8,021 5,668 7,975 5,624 7,740 5,447 7,953 5,619 7,979 5,644 7,972 5,639 7,978 5,638 1,658.0 63.9 732.5 1,130.8 662.0 1,292 1,051 198 717 195 1,599 61 763 1,222 680 1,354 1,058 188 797.8 207 ,639.8 62.3 763 ,226 691 ,361 ,071 190 806 209 1,681.8 61 745.8 1,180.4 689.2 1,359.8 1,068.9 190.5 798.9 197.7 1,626 69 745 1,171 661 1,297 1,046 195 723 207 1,638 66 769 1,218 680 1,339 1,054 190 790 209 1,648 67 766 1,226 680 1,348 1,057 189 790 208 1,643 67 762 1,217 681 1,356 1,057 188 795 206 1,646 66 760 1,208 686 1,361 1,063 188 796 204 66,504 69,300 69,633 6 8 , 9 1 1 66,860 68,463 68,689 68,917 69,087 Transportation and public utilities Transportation . Communication and public utilities 5,020 2,750 2,270 5,145 2,877 2,268 5,200 2,917 2,283 5,199 2,912 2,287 5,001 2,751 2,250 5,112 2,839 2,273 5,129 2,862 2,267 5,144 2,871 2,273 5,151 2,882 2,269 Wholesale trade Durable goods Nondurable goods 5,285 3.Q69 2,216 5,485 3,235 2,250 5,537 3,270 2,267 5,542 3,274 2,268 5,256 3,057 2,199 5,457 3,205 2,252 5,473 3,215 2,258 5,492 3,235 2,257 5,501 3,250 2,251 15,635 2,116.4 2,562.9 1,690.3 5,157.7 16,166 2,200.0 2,619.0 1,754.2 5,292.0 16,348 2,231.9 2,644 1,770.4 5,381 16,329 15,580 2 , 2 4 2 . 3 2,164 2 , 6 4 9 . 3 2,558 1,779.6 1,673 5 , 3 5 3 . 8 5,025 16,030 2,230 2,626 1,748 5,136 16,095 2,251 2,635 1,743 5,154 16,166 2,273 2,630 1,751 5,183 16,234 2,291 2,639 1,751 5,199 5,552 2,770 1,727 1,054 5,640 2,834 1,746 1,060 5,721 2,86 1,757 1,098 5,478 2,749 1,719 1,010 5,613 2,831 1,742 1,041 5,640 2,851 1,742 1,047 5,662 2,863 1,746 1,053 5,676 2,860 1,752 1,064 19,901 2 0 , 6 3 1 20,817 20,878 19,723 3 , 5 9 2 . 9 3 , 9 5 9 . 5 4 , 0 2 4 . 9 4,056.5 3,577 6 , 0 1 2 . 3 6 , 0 5 4 . 7 6 , 0 8 9 . 3 6,118.0 5,981 20,378 3,875 6,052 20,449 3,912 6,062 20,549 3,979 6,073 20,652 4,013 6,065 15,873 2,770 3,686 9,417 15,903 2,771 3,693 9,439 15,904 2,767 3,699 9,438 15,873 2,765 3,680 9,428 Production workers Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Leather and leather products Service-producing Retail trade General merchandise stores Food stores Automotive dealers and service stations Eating and drinking places Finance, insurance, and real estate Finance Insurance Real estate Services Business services Health services Government Federal State Local p = preliminary. 15,111 2,797 3,475 8,839 16,233 2,770 3,751 9,712 16,010 2,809 3,584 9,617 5,755 2,882 1,764 1,109 15,208 15,822 2,820 2,744 3,506 3,662 8,882 9,416 ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagriculturai payrolls by Industry Seasonally adjusted Not •••tonally adjusted Industry July 1983 May 1984 June 1984 P July 1984P July 1983 Mar. 1984 Apr. 1984 May 1984 June 1984 P July 1984 P 35.3 35.2 35.5 35.7 35.0 35.3 35.4 35.3 35.3 35.3 Mining 42.1 43.2 43.5 43.2 (2) (2) (2) <2> (2) (2) Construction 38.2 38.2 38.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Manufacturing Overtime hours 40.0 3.0 40.6 3.3 40.8 3.4 40.4 3.4 40.2 3.0 40.7 3.5 41.1 3.7 40.6 3.3 40.5 3.3 40.6 3.4 Durable goods Overtime hours 40.4 2.9 41.4 3.5 41.5 3.6 41.0 3.5 40.8 3.0 41.4 3.7 41.8 4.0 41.3 3.5 41.2 3.5 41.4 3.6 40. 39. 41. 40, 40. 40. 40. 40. 41. 43. 40. 38. 40 39 42 41 41 41 41.8 40.9 42.7 43.7 40.7 39.3 40 39 42 42 41 41 42 41 42.8 44.0 41.2 39.1 39.6 39.1 42.2 41.6 41.1 40.8 41.4 40.7 4213 43.3 40.7 39.1 40. 39, 41. 40. 39. 40. 40. 40. 42. 42, 40. (2) 40.1 39.6 41.9 41.8 41.2 41 .3 41 .9 41 .0 42 .9 44 .4 41 ,1 (2) 40.4 39.7 42.3 42.2 41.0 41.8 42.3 41.3 43.5 44.8 41.4 (2) (2) 39, 39, 41, 41.8 41.3 41. 42. 40.8 42.3 43.1 41.2 (2) 39. 39. 41. 41. 40. 41. 41. 41, 42. 43. 41. (2) 39.4 3.0 39.6 3.0 39.8 3.1 39.4 3.1 39.5 3.0 39.8 3.3 40.2 3.4 39.6 3.1 39.6 3.1 39.5 3.1 39.5 36.8 40.2 36 42 37 41 44 40 37 39.6 39.6 40.1 36.5 42.9 37.8 41.8 43.6 41.7 36.9 40. 41, 40. 36.8 43.1 37, 42. 43, 41.8 37.5 39.8 38.9 39 36 43 37 41 43 41 36 39.4 (2) 40.8 35.9 42.9 37.6 41.8 43.8 (2) 37.2 39.8 (2) 40.6 36.7 43.0 37.9 42.0 44.7 (2) 36.7 40.1 (2) 41.2 37.4 43.2 38.2 42.0 43.7 (2) 37.5 39.7 (2) 40.0 36.5 43.1 38.0 41.8 43.5 (2) 36.5 39.8 (2) 39.9 36.4 42.9 37.7 42.0 43.1 (2) 36.5 39.7 (2) 39.6 36.0 43.2 37.8 41.8 43.0 (2) 36.4 Transportation and public utilities 39.2 39.2 39.7 39.8 39.0 39.2 39.5 39.4 39.5 39.6 Wholesale trade 38.6 38.6 38.7 38.8 38.4 38.5 38.7 38.6 38.6 38.6 Retail trade 30.6 30.0 30.4 30.8 29.8 30.1 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.0 Finance, Insurance, and real estate 36.3 36.3 36.3 36.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Services 33.1 32.6 32.9 33.2 32.7 32.8 32.8 32.7 32.7 32.8 Total private Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products . Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods Overtime hours Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paperand allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products , , , Petroleum and coal products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Leather and leather products , 1 Data relate to production workers In mining and manufacturing; to construction workers in construction; and to nonsupervlsory workers In transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private nonagriculturai payrolls. ' This series Is not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component Is small relative to the trend-cycle and/or Irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision. p » preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA 1 Table B-3. Average houriy and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervlsory workers on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by Industry Average hourly earning* Average weekly earnings Industry Total private Seasonally adjusted July 1983 May 1984 June 1984 P July 1984 $8.01 8.04 $8.28 8.29 $8.30 8.33 $8.34 8.37 11.56 11.58 .11.62 474.47 499.39 503.73 501.98 Mining May 1984 June July 1984 P| 1984 $282.75 $291.46 $294.65 $297.74 281.40 292.64 294.05 295.46 11.99 11.94 11.97 450.76 458.02 462.08 463.24 9.11 9.14 9.17 353.60 369.87 372.91 370.47 9.38 7.82 6.65 9.33 11.37 12.81 9.07 9.57 8.67 11.60 12.05 8.49 6.80 9.66 7.92 6.80 9.54 11.49 13.09 9.33 9.90 8.89 12.04 12.51 8.71 6.99 9.69 8.02 6.85 9.57 11.47 13.03 8.91 12.13 12.67 8.77 6.98 9.70 8.01 6.86 9.63 11.46 12.99 9.35 9.92 8.94 12.13 12.67 8.79 7.01 378.95 314.36 259.35 390.93 460.49 514.96 364.61 383.76 349.40 483.72 518.15 340.45 263.16 399.92 317.59 268.60 404.50 481.43 540.62 386.26 413.82 363.60 514.11 546.69 354.50 274.71 402.14 323.21 271.26 405.77 481.74 539.44 387.71 417.48 365.31 519.16 557.48 361.32 272.92 397.70 317.20 268.23 406.39 476.74 533.89 381.48 410.69 363.86 513.10 548.61 357.75 274.09 8.12 8.20 10.90 6.17 5.35 10.07 9.09 10.59 13.22 8.02 5.53 8.30 8.43 11.55 10.34 9.31 11.02 13.32 8.20 5.68 8.33 8.44 11.93 6.44 5.51 10.42 9.29 11.05 13.33 8.24 5.68 8.41 8.45 11.68 6.43 5.51 10.53 9.35 11.14 13.49 8.31 5.71 319.93 323.90 401.12 248.03 193.14 429.99 340.88 440.54 585.65 328.02 206.82 328.68 333.83 457.38 257.44 200.02 443.59 351.92 460.64 580.75 341.94 209.59 331.53 337.60 489.13 259.53 202.77 449.10 349.30 465.21 579.86 344.43 213.00 331.35 336.31 454.35 251.41 199.46 453.84 352.50 463.42 586.82 342.37 209.56 Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities July 1983 8.84 Construction Durabls goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal Industries Blast furnaces and basic steel products.. Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Motor vehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Leather and leather products P 10.84 11.03 11.08 11.23 424.93 432.38 439.88 446.95 Wholesale trad* 8.56 8.86 8.89 8.98 330.42 342.00 344.04 348.42 Retail trade 5.73 5.88 5.87 5.87 175.34 176.40 178.45 180.80 Finance, Inaurance, and real estate 7.29 7.55 7.57 7.63 264.63 274.07 274.79 279.26 Services 7.24 7.55 7.54 7.59 239.64 246.13 248.07 251.99 1 p = preliminary. See footnote 1, table B-2. Table B-4. Hourly Earnings Index for production or nonsupervlsory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by Industry (1977 = 100) Not seasonally adjuated Seasonally adjusted Percent change from: Parcent Chang* from: Industry June 1984p July 1983 May 1984 155.3 94.5 167.3 144.4 157.9 156.9 158.6 150.5 159.6 94.8 172.5 146.3 161.8 160.2 164.1 154.0 159.9 94.8 173.7 146.2 162.2 160.8 164.5 153.9 158.9 155.3 164.2 161.6 164.7 161.7 July 1983 Mar. 1984 Apr . 1984 May 1984 160.7 N.A. 174.9 146.4 162.6 162.7 166.0 153.9 3.5 (2) 4.6 1.4 3.0 3.7 4.7 2.2 155.6 94.9 (4) 144.5 157.9 157.9 (4) 150.7 159.1 95.1 (4) 146.3 161.2 160.9 (4) 153.2 159.9 95.4 (4) 146.6 161.6 161.3 (4) 153.7 159.6 94.9 (4) 147.0 162.0 160.9 (4) 153.4 160.3 95.2 (4) 147.2 162.3 162.3 (4) 153.8 161.1 K.A. (4) 146.6 162.6 163.7 (4) 154.0 0.5 (3) (4) -.4 .2 .9 (4) .2 166.2 163.0 4.6 5.0 158.9 156.4 164.2 160.8 165.8 162.3 164.2 161.4 164.7 162.6 166.2 164.2 .9 .9 June 1984p Total private nonlarm: Constant (1977) dollars Mining , Transportation and public utilities . Wholesale trade Retail trad* Finance, Insurance, and 1 2 3 4 July 1984p July 1983July 1984 July 1984p See footnote 1, table B-2. Percent change is .3 percent from June 1983 to June 1984, the latest month available. Percent change is .3 percent from May 19S4 to June 1984, the latest month available. These series are not seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision. N.A. - not available, p - preliminary. June 1984July 1984 and/or ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT r»ATA Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by industry (1977=100) Seasonally adjusted Not seasonally adjusted Industry Total Goods-producing July 1983 Hay 1984 107.9 112.0 92.4 99.7 June 1984 P July 1984P July 1983 Mar. 1984 114.5 115.0 106.1 110.9 112.6 102.5 101.7 91.6 98.1 100.0 Apr. 1984 May 1984 June 1984 p July 1984 Mining 106.8 114.3 117.6 117.4 105.7 111.7 Construction 112.6 115.7 124.6 128.7 102.0 107.7 112.6 95.7 97.0 96.0 94.5 97.8 102.8 88 73 62 89 93 112 95 91.8 108.8 85.8 95.8 98.6 103 89 74 62 91 95 113 96.8 91.8 109.3 86.5 95.0 96.1 102.5 89.0 74.8 63.7 91 95 113 94 86 107 85 95. 96, 101. 88. 73. 62. 91.8 96. 113. 94, 87, 109, 84, 96. 95. 103. 89. 74. 61. 92. 97. 116. 95.4 87.5 109.3 86.4 97.4 98. 84. 81. 92. 100. 117. 96. 85, 114. 78, Manufacturing 87.9 97.5 115.5 116.2 116.9 116.4 96.8 Durable goods Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries, Blast furnaces and basic steel products . . Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Motorvehicles and equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing 84.6 94.0 91.7 85.3 66.1 59.8 80. 80 98. 83. 75. 101, 78. 95, 97, 101. 90. 75. 64. 91. 95, 113. 96. 90. 107. 85. 97.0 101.6 102.5 92.3 75.3 64.1 93.2 97 114 96 91 110 85 99 99, 92. 73. 62, 90. 95, 114. 93. 87. 107, 84. 85.8 90.4 96 82, 66. 59. 82. 82. 100. 84, 75. 102, 81. Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products Leather and leather products 92. 97. 81. 79. 85, 95. 108. 94. 95. 99. 75.8 96.6 93.7 83.5 82.8 94.2 98.7 116.1 95.8 86. 113. 79. 98.4 97.8 87.5 83.3 95.3 101.0 115.8 97.9 86.9 115.2 81.3 96.6 100.7 76.8 78.8 89 100 115 96 88 112 75 93. 95. 90. 82. 88. 95. 109. 94. 92. 101. 79.8 97, 97. 87, 84. 94, 99. 114, 96. 88, 112. 79, 98.8 98 93 85 96 99 116 96 86 113.8 81.4 97, 97. 92, 82. 93, 99. 116, 95. 86, 113. 78, 97, 98. 93, 82. 92, 99. 116. 96. 84, 113. 77, Service-producing 116.5 118.8 121.2 122.4 114.1 117.9 118.6 119.0 119.6 119.8 Transportation and public utilities 101.3 104.0 106.5 106.8 100.4 103.1 104.4 104.3 104.8 105.9 Wholesale trade 108.9 113.3 114.8 115.1 107.7 112.5 113.3 113.5 113.7 113.9 111.1 Retail trade 109.3 110.5 113.3 114.5 106.1 109.9 110.3 111.9 111.2 Finance, insurance, and real estate 121.5 123.2 125.0 127.0 119.2 122.2 123.1 123.1 124.0 124.4 Services 129.3 131.9 134.3 135.8 126.5 130.9 131.4 131.7 132.2 132.7 ' See footnote 1, table B-2. ° p = preliminary. 1 Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Over 1-month span 27.6 54.3 71.1 47.6 46.5 73.2 35.7 60.8 67.0 31.1 68.9 63.8 41.1 69.5 64.1 33.5 64.6 64.lp 34.6 74.3 66.2p 32.4 68.6 37.3 69.5 28.9 75.4 32.4 69.7 45.7 73.8 Over 3-month span 25.1 46.8 82.2 27.8 57.3 80.5 27.8 64.1 76.5 27.3 75.1 71.1 27.6 75.7 67.8p 28.6 77.8 73.Op 23.5 74.1 24.1 81.6 26.5 80.8 25.9 78.9 27.8 79.5 41.6 77.6 Over 6-month span 19.2 50.8 81.9 22.2 63.0 82.7 21.9 69.2 80.Op 24.6 75.1 77.3p 20.3 80.0 21.4 82.4 21.4 84.1 18.6 82.4 23.2 84.6 27.3 85.9 29.5 86.8 35.4 83.8 Over 12-month span 21.6 49.5 86.5p 21.4 54.3 17.6 61.9 18.1 71.1 16.2 77.3 18.1 79.5 21.1 83.8 21.1 88.1 25.1 86.8 31.6 87.3 34.1 85.4 40.3 86.2p Year ' Number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1,3, and 6 month spans, on payrolls of 185 private nonagricultural industries, p = preliminary. NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.) Data are centered within the spans. * U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1984-421-816:578 U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 Official Business Penalty for private use, $300 FIRST CLASS MAIL U.S. Postage Paid Permit No. G-59