Full text of The Employment Situation : January 1980

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News

Bureau of Labor Statistics

United States
Department
of Labor
Washington, D.C. 20212

Total Employment and the Labor Force
Total employment was little changed in January, but there were
adult

men

and

Beth Gelin
Scott Fain
Kathryn Hoyle

USDL 80-65
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS
EMBARGOED UNTIL 9:00 A.M. (EST), FRIDAY,
FEBRUARY 1, 1980

(202) 523-1944
523-1371
(202) 523-1913
523-1208

JANUARY

was

occupations.

a

drop

of

by 170,000.

Employment

was

over-the-year increase s^nce January 1976«

Employment

up

by

offsetting

movements

Adult

women

among

200,000 in the number of men with jobs, while
also

fell

in

the

male-dominated

1.7 million from January 1979, the smallest

(See tables A-»l and A-3.)

The civilian labor force grew by 230,00Q from December and was up 2.3 million
ago.

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:

There

employment among adult women rose
blue-collar

Contact:

women.

from

a

year

accounted for the bulk of these increases. Their labor force participation

1980
Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

Unemployment rose in January, and there were contrasting
Bureau

of

Labor

developments

in

employment,

the

Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Due to a rise in

Selected categories

joblessness among adult men, the Nation's unemployment rate increased over the month from 5.9 to
6.2 percent, the highest rate since July 1978.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Total employment—as measured by the monthly survey
change

in

of

households—showed

little

overall

January, although there were diverse movements among adult men and women jobholders.

Consistent with their rise in unemployment, employment among adult men was down markedly,

Total employment
Unemployment

I Quarterly averages

I

I

1

|
1
1
I
I

measured

by

the

I

Dec-

|
1979
| 1980 1 Jan.
1
1
1
1 change
| Nov. I Dec. | Jan. |

Thousands of persons

| 95,6531 97,2311 97 6651 97 6081 97 912 | 97 804 j
| 5,8851 6,0081 6 0841 6 0441 6 0871 6 4251

1
employment—as

I

I

-108
338

while

the number of adult women holding jobs increased.
In contrast to total employment, nonfarm payroll

f
1978 |
1979
1
I
IV | III |
IV

Monthly data

monthly

survey of establishments—rose by about 300,000 in January to 90.5 million.

Unemployment rates:
All workers

1

I
1
|

1
5.8|

|
j

11.5|
5.21

1

1

1

1

Percent of labor force
1
1
1
1
5.8|
5.9|
5.8|
5.9|

1
1
6.2|

0.3

11.8|
5.71

5
.3

Unemployment
The number of persons unemployed increased 340,000 in January to 6.4 million.
upturn

occurred

among

persons

Most of

who were laid off or otherwise lost their last jobs.

past year, the jobless total has risen by 610,000.

a point to 6.2 percent.

Over the

Black and other
Full-time workers

1
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

(See tables A-l and A-5.)

With the increase in the level of unemployment, the Nation's jobless rate rose
of

this

three-tenths

The jobless rate had remained within the narrow range of 5.7 to 5.9

Nonfarm payroll employment
Goods-producing industries
Service-producing industries

The January increase in unemployment was concentrated among adult men; their rate rose
4.2

from

to 4.7 percent, the highest since November 1977. The increase was shared by both black and

white men.
were

about

In contrast, the rates for adult women (5.8 percent) and
unchanged

over the month.

(16.3

percent)

Strong increases were also registered in the cyclically

sensitive unemployment rates for married
workers in durable goods manufacturing.
There was no change in the number

teenagers

of

men,

full-time

workers, blue-collar

workers, and

(See table A-2.)
nonfarm

workers

on

part-time

work

schedules

for

economic reasons (sometimes termed the "partially unemployed"), following large increases in the
last juarter of 1979. (See table A-3.)




Average weekly hours:
Total private nonfarm
Manufacturing overtime...

1

1
1
j

"1
35.8|

<|

3.7|

1
p»preliminary

10.9|
5.31

1

11.2|
5.4 j

1

10.9|
5.41

1

11 3|
5.41

1

1

I
1
Thousands of jobs
j 87 7991 89 759190 104p| 90 100190 231p|90 536p|
1 26,1111 26,638|26,586p| 26 533126 654p|26 705p|
| 61,688| 63,121163,518p| 63,567|63,577p|63,831p|

1

percent over the prior 17-month period.

1

1

1

1

1

1

Hour8 of work
1
1
1
1
35.6| 35.7p|
35.7 j 35.7p|
3.2|

1

3.2p|

1

3.3|

1

3.2p|

1

305p
51p
254p

1
1
35.7p|

Op

3.3pl

.lp

1

N.A.*not available

- 3 -

- 4 -

rate reached a new high of 51.4 percent, while that of men and teenagers

edged

down

over

the

Before adjustment for seasonality, average hourly earnings rose 3 cents in January to

month.

and

Industry Payroll Employment

December but still up $14.85 over the year.

Nonfarm payroll employment rose to 90.5 million in January, up
level.

Contributing

to

305,000

from

the

December

this increase was a net reduction in strike activity of approximately

50,000.

were

registered

throughout

the

occurred

sector,

with

in

the

the most

service-producing
sizeable

industries.

increases in trade

(130,000), services (55,000), and transportation and public utilities (30,000).
Within the goods-producing sector, the construction industry posted an
65,000.

Overall employment in manufacturing was about unchanged.

60,000 in transportation

equipment, due to job

cutbacks

industries,

primarily

in

employment

gain

of

There was a decline of nearly

These were about offset by a return

of striking workers in the machinery industry, coupled with small

increases

in

several

other

the nondurable goods sector. Employment in mining remained near its

December level.
Over the past year, payroll jobs have increased by 2.0 million, with 85 percent of the gain
occurring in the service-producing sector.

(See table B-l.)

Hours
The average workweek of production or
remained

nonsupervisory

workers

on

private

at 35.7 hours in January, a level maintained since November.

small and generally offsetting among the major industries.

nonagricultural
Movements were

In manufacturing, average hours

overtime both edged up a tenth of an hour to 40.4 and 3.3 hours, respectively.

and

(See table B-2.)

The index of aggregate weekly hours remained at 126.7 (1967-100) in January and has risen by
only 1.8 percent since January 1979. The manufacturing index, however,
percent over the past year.

has

decreased

by

2.2

(See table B-5.)

Hourly and Weekly Earnings
Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on
payrolls

cents

above January 1979. Average weekly earnings were $224.99, down $4.69 from
(See table B-3.)

The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings Index—earnings adjusted for overtime in manufacturing, seasonality, and

rose

0.3

percent

in

January

and

were

up

7.4




nonagricultural

percent over the year (seasonally

adjusted). Average weekly earnings also rose 0.3 percent from December
above the January 1979 level.

private

and

239.8

(1967-100)

in

January,

above January a year ago.

were

7.1

percent

and

0.2 percent higher than in December.

In dollars of constant purchasing

percent during the 12-month period ended in December.

in automobiles and parts, and smaller

decreases in fabricated metal products and food processing.

payrolls

44

the effects of changes in, the proportion of workers in high-wage

The bulk of the January employment growth
Gains

were

$6.41

power,

low-wage

industries—was

The Index was 7.7 percent
the

(See table B-4.)

Index

decreased

4.5

Chart 1. Civilian labor force and employment
(Seasonally adjusted)
120000

Explanatory Note
120000

Civilian labor force
Total employed
Nonagricultural payroll employment

110000
100000
90000
80000
70000
1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

I960

Chart 2. Unemployment rate—all civilian workers

r

1

• Seasortally adjueted
•Not 9eaeonaDy adjusted

JRN
6.2
6.8

^i
f

\T

l

1

•JVs&vC***

5.0

Til

L&\

I I I
PblS 1 i i i I i . i 1 i i i
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973

^
1974

_i_a

,

1975

1976

• ,

I

• •

• i

1977

• •

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J

1978

1979

1980

Chart 3. Civilian labor force participation rate
and total employment-population ratio
(Seasonally adjusted)

Participation rate
——•Employment-population ratio

HI
j x ^

"^OO^l
\ \ \ J

H^
I

•

•

•

I

•

•

•

1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
Note: The shaded areas depict the business cycle peaks and troughs
as designated by the National Bureau of Economic Research.




1

•

•

•

1978

I

•

•

•

1979

I

1980

This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (household
survey) and the Current Employment Statistics Survey
(establishment survey). The household survey provides
the information on the labor force, total employment,
and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked
HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about
65,000 households that is conducted by the Bureau of
the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistic; (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on
the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information
is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation
with State agencies. The sample includes approximately
162,000 establishments employing more than 32 million
people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually collected for and relate to a particular week. In
the household survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is
the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the
month, which is called the survey week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond
directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of
technical factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable
variance in results between a survey of a sample and a
census of the entire population. Each of these factors is
explained below.
Coverage, definitions and differences between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are
selected so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Those who hold
more than one job are classified according to the job at
which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work
at all as paid civilians; worked in their own business or
profession or on their own farm; or worked IS hours or
more in an enterprise operated by a member of their
family, whether they were paid or not. People are also
counted as employed if they were on unpaid leave
because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor
and management, or personal reasons.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of
their eligibility for unemployment benefits or public
assistance, if they meet all of the following criteria:
They had no employment during the survey week; they
were available for work at that time; and they made
specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
prior 4 weeks. Also included among the unemployed are
persons not locking for work because they were laid off

and waiting to be recalled and those expecting to report
to a job within 30 days.
The civilian labor force equals the sum of the number
employed and the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the percentage of unemployed people in the
civilian labor force. Table A-4 presents a special grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment arid the labor force.
The definitions are provided in the table. The most
restrictive definition yields U-l, and the most comprehensive yields U-7. The official unemployment rate
is U-5.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment
survey only counts wage and salary employees whose
names appear on the payroll records of nonagricultural
firms. As a result, there are many differences between
the two surveys, among which are the following:
—The household survey, although based on a
smaller sample, reflects a larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture, the
self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private
household workers;
—The household survey includes people on unpaid
leave among the employed; the establishment survey
does hot;
—The household survey is limited to those 16 years
of age and older; the establishment survey is not limited
by age;
—The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once;
in the establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one
payroll would be counted separately for each
appearance.
Other differences between the two surveys are
describe/1 in "Comparing Employment Estimates from
Household and Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS upon request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over a course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events
as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing
of schools. For example, the labor force increases by a
large number each June, when schools close and many
young people enter the job market. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large; over the course of a
year, for example, seasonality may account for as much
as 93 percent of the month-to-month changes in
unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical
trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from
month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in economic activity or

increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. To return to the school's-out example, the large number of people entering the labor
force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to
determine if the level of economic activity has risen or
declined. However, because the effect of students
finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics
for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is
made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more
useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic
activity.
Measures of civilian labor force, employment, and
unemployment contain components such as age and sex.
Statistics for all employees, production workers,
average weekly hours, and average hourly earnings include components based on the employer's industry. All
these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the components
and combining them. The second procedure usually
yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted
figure for the civilian labor force is the sum of eight
seasonally adjusted employment components and four
seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the
total for unemployment is the sum of the four
unemployment components; and the official unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of
total unemployment by the estimate of the civilian labor
force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June
period and again for the July-December period. The
January revision is applied to data that have been
published over the previous 5 years. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment
are calculated only once a year, along with the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussed at the end
of the next section.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to sampling error, that is, the
estimate of the number of people employed and the
other estimates drawn from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the amount
of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard
errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey,
and other factors. However, the numerical value is
always such that the chances are 68 out of 100 that an
estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than
the standard error from the results of a comolete census.
The chances are 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on
the sample will differ by no more than l.t times the




standard error from the results of a complete census. At
the 90-percent level of confidence-the confidence limits
used by BLS in its analyses-the error for the monthly
change in total employment is on the order of plus or
minus 293,000; for total unemployment, it is 185,000;
and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19
percentage point. These figures do not mean that the
sample results are off by these magnitudes but, rather,
that the chances are 90 out of 100 that the "true" level
or rate would not be expected to differ from the
estimates by'more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced
when the data are cumulated for several months, such
as quarterly or annually. Also, as a general rule,
the smaller the estimate, the larger the sampling
error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the estimate
of the size of the labor force is subject to less
error than is the estimate of the number unemployed.
And, among the unemployed, the sampling error for the
jobless rate of adult men, for example, is much smaller
than is the error for the jobless rate of teenagers.
Specifically, the error on monthly change in the jobless
rate for men is .23 percentage point; for teenagers, it is
1.06 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most
current months are based on incomplete returns; for this
reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the
tables. When all the returns in the sample have been
received, the estimates are revised. In other words, data
for the month of September are published in
preliminary form in October and November and in final
form in December. To remove errors that build up over
time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes
can be measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries and allow for
the formation of new establishments.
Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's
employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide
variety of data in this news release. More comprehensive
statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings,
published each month by BLS. It is available for $2.75
per issue or $22.00 per year from the U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20204. A check or
money order made out to the Superintendent of
Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of the standard errors for the household survey
data published in this release. For unemployment and
other labor force categories, the standard errors appear
in tables A through I of its "Explanatory Notes."
Measures of the reliability of the data drawn from the
establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision
due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables K
through P of that publication.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the non institutional population
(Numbers ki thousands]

Employment a

Jin.

Doc.

1979

1979

Jan.

Jdll .

Sopt.

Oct.

NOV.

Dec.

1980

1979

1979

1979

19 7 9

1979

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 3 .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

2,091
160,353
100,867
6 2.9
94,436
38. 1
2,7b2
91,673
6,431
6.4
59,487

164,398
2,089
162,809
103,884
b3..8
98,047
59.5
2,995
95,052
5 , 8 36
5.6
58,925

165,101
2,081
163,020
103,1U8
63. 3
96,145
58.2
2,782
9 3,363
7,043
.6.8
59,832

162,448
2,09u
160,353
1 02 , 061
o3.6
96,157
59.2
3,260
92,d97
5,904
5.8
58,292

164,106
2,092
162,013
103,494
o3.9
97,504
59.4
3,364
94,140
5,990
5.8
58,519

164,4o«
2,093
162,3/5
103,595
o3.8
97,474
59.3
3,294
94,180
6,121
5.9
58,780

164,632
2,092
162,589
103,652
ol.b
97,608
59.3
3,335
* 4 , 2 23
6,044
5.8
58,
m

164,898
2,089
162,309
103,999
63.9
97,912
59.4
3,359 |
94,55
6,087 I
5.*»
58,810 I

69,385
67,726
53,833
79.5
51,227
73.8
2,084
49,143
2,607
1.8
13,892

70,594
08,940
54,666
79.3
52,335
74.1
2,292
50,043
2,331
4.3
14,274

70,695
69,047
54,613
79. 1
51,503
72.9
2 , 160
49,343
3, 110
5.7
14,434

69,385
67,726
54,191
80.0
52,024
75.0
2,303
49,721
2 , 167
4.0
13,535

70,205
63,522
54,73 5
79.9
52,453
74.7
2,377
50,076
2,282
4.2
13,787

70,380
68,697
54,760
79.7
52,443
74.5
2,371
50,072
2,317
4.2
13,937

70,487
63,804
54,709
79.5
52,374
74. 3
2,438
49,936
2,335
4.3
14,095

70,594
68,940
54,781
79.5
52,478
74.3
2,427
50,051
2,303
4.2
14,159

76,337
76,228
3 8,158
50.1
35,849
47.0
451
35,398
2,309
6. 1
38,070

77,666
77,542
40,057
51.7
37,954
48.9
466
37,487
2,104
5.3
37,485

77,779
77,656
39,860
51.3
37,441
4 8.1
407
37,034
2,419
6.1
3 7,796

76,337
76,223
38,207
50.1
36,012
47.2
596
35,416
2,195
5.7
38,021

77,245
77,124
39,239
50.9
37,075
48.0
628
36,447
2,164
5.5
37,885

77,429
77,303
39,362
50.9
37,112
47.9
572
36,540
2,250
5.7
37,946

77,547
77,426
39,445
5C.9
37,248
48.0
612
36,636
2,197
5.6
37,961

77,o66
77,542
39,659
51. 1
37,402
48.2
582
36,820
2,257
5.7
37,883

16,725
16,400
8,875
54.1
7,3t»0
44.0
228
7,132
1,515
17«1
7,523

16,638
16,326
9,160
56.1
7,759
46.6
237
7,522
1,401
15.3
7,166

16,627
16,317
8,715
53.4
7,201
43.3
215
6,986
1,514
17.4
7,601

16,725
16,400
9,663
58.9
8,121
48.6
361
7,760
1,542
16.0
6,737

16,655
16,367
9,52C
58.2
7,976
47.9
359
7,617
1,544
16.2
6,847

16,659
16,370
9,473
57.9
7,919
47. J
351
7,568
1,554
16.4
6,897

16,648
16,360
9,498
58. 1
7,986
46.0
335
7,651
1,512
15.9
6,862

16,638
16,32b
9,559
58.6
8,032
48.3
350
7,682
1#527
16.0
6,767

142,351
140,683
83,988
63.3
83,950
59.0
5,038
5.7
51,695

144,267
142,645
91,509
64.2
86,993
60.3
4,516
4.9
51,136

144,421
142,806
90,950
6 3.7
85,420
59.1
5,530
6.1
51,856

142,351
140,683
8" 9* , 973
t6 4 . 0
8 5i , 4 3 4
60.0
*,539
5.0
5 0 , :710

143,621
141,981
91,082
b4.2
86,425
60.2
4,657
5.1
50,899

143,937
142,296
91,147
64.1
86,454
60.1
4,693
5.1
51,149

144,101
142,461
91,242
64.0
86,571
60.1
4,671
5.1
51,219

144,267
142,645
91,579
64.2
66,894
60.2
4,685
5.1
51,066

20,097
19,670
11,879
•60.4
10,48b
52.2
1,39 3
11.7
7,792

20,631
20,163
12,374
61.4
11,054
53.6
1,321
10.7
7,789

20,680
20,214
12,238
60.5
10,725
51.9
1,513
12.4
7,976

20,097
19,670
12,101
61.5
10,736
53.4
1,365
11.3
7,569

20,484
20,032
12,404
61.9
11,063
54.0
1,341
10.8
7,628

20,531
20,079
12,512
62.3
11,076
53.9
1,436
11.5
7,567

20,530
20,128
12,391
61.6
11,044
53.7
1,347
10.9
7,737

20,631
20,163
12,432
61.7
11,024
53.4
1,408
• 11.3
7,731

1 6 2 , HU8

Men, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 2 .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Women, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
White
Total noninstitutional population1
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 3 .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Black and other
Total noninstitutional population1
Oviiian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
,
Participation rata
Employed
,
,
Employment-population ratio 3 .,
Unemployed
,
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

1
Tha population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variations; therefore,
kiantical numbers •ppaw >n the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.




* Civilian employment at a percent of «M total ncnmttfortfonji population ( M y * * * Armed
Forces).

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Major unemployment indicators,

adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousands)

Jan.

Jan.

Jan.

Sept.

Cct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

19 79

1980

1979

1979

1979

1979

1979

1980

CHARACTERISTICS

5,904
2, 167
2,195
1,542

6,425
2,577
2, 304
1,545

5.8
4.0
5.7
16.0

5.8
4.2
5.5
16.2

5.9
4.2
5.7
16.4

5.8
4.3
5.6
15.9

5.
4.
5.
16.

6.2
4.7
5.8
16.3

White, total
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years

4,5.39
1,701
1,646
1,192

4,9 57
2,014
1,757
1, 186

5.C
3.5
5.0
13.8

5.1
3.7
4.8
14.3

5. 1
3.7
5.0
14.1

5. 1
3.7
4.9
13.9

5.
3.
5.
13.

5.4
4.1
5.1
14.0

Black and other, total
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years

1,365
466
552
347

1,4 74
567
549
358

11.3
8.0
10.5
33.0

10.8
8.0
9.8
32.3

1t

10.9
8.4
9.5
32.d

10
34,

11.8
9.6
10.0
34.6

Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who head families

1,050
1,262
392

1,346
1,268
4 79

2.6
5.3
8.0

2.9
4.8
7.7

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and over'
Labor force time lost*

4,514
1,373
1,229

5,046
1,3fa4
1,334

5.2
9. 1
1.2
6.2

5.3
8.4
1.1
6.2

5.4
8.9
1.2
6. 4

5.4
8.3
1 .1
6.4

1,681
377
212
249
845
2,235
592
929
193
521
1,076
83

1,752
34 3
206
3 00
9 02
2,761
654
1,174
266
667
967
123

3.4
2.5
2.0
4.0
4.7
6.5
4.4
7.8
5.0
9.7
7.7
2.9

3.3
2.4
2.2
3.8
4.5
7.1
4.3
9.0
6. 1
11.0
f.7
4.1

3.
2.
2.
3.
4.
7.
4.
9.
5.6
10.7
6.8
4.3

3.2
2.4
1.9
3.7
4.4
7.5
4.9
9.0
5.2
12.2
6.6
4.5

3.
2.
2,
3.
4.
7,
4,
9.
5.
12.
6.
4.

3.4
2.2
1.9
4.4
4.8
8.0
4.9
9.9
6.9
12.3
6.9
4.4

4,257
527
1,153
605
548
187
1,230
1,128
619
112

4,738
576
1,562
934
6 29
242
1,264
1,042
607
164

5.7
10.3
5.1
4.4
6. 1
3.5
6.6
5. 1
3.9
7*. 5

5.8
9.6
6.0
5.3
7.1
4.0
6.4
4.7
3.3
10.0

5.9
0.9
6.0
5.5
6.8
3.8
.6.4
4.9
4.0
9.9

5
10
5
5
6
4
6
4
3.6
10.1

5.
10.
5.
5.
6.
4.
6.
4,
3.
9.

6.2
10.8
6.7
6.7
6.8
4.4
6.6
4.6
3.8
10.3

Total, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years

10
35.

2.9
4.8
8.4
5.4
8.5
1.2
6.4

OCCUPATION 3
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
INDUSTRY 3
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers4
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

1
Unemployment rata calculated as a percent of civilian labor force.
' Aggregate houn lost by the unemployed and persons on part time 1
percent of potentially available labor force hours.
* Unemployment by occupation includes all experienced unemployed persons, whereas that by




covers only unemployed
mining, not shown

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Selected employment indicators
[In thousands]
adjusted

Selected catagor iei

Jan.

Jan.

Jan.

Sept.

197 0

1990

1979

9'4,4 30
5J>,057
39,3 73
3*,732
22,365

96,145
55,251
40,393
3*3,362
23, 111

,337
,*76
,312
,892
,257
,171
,470
,804
,604
,294
,501
.34 7

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

1979

1979

1979

1979

1980

9o,157
56,326
39,331
39,139
22,372

97,504
56,714
40,790
3 9 , 198
22,937

97,474
56,629
40,845
39,124
22,919

97,608
56,580
41,028
38,845
22,940

97,912
56,734
41,173
38,924
23,027

97,804
56,486
41,318
38,749
23,111

50,351
15,4 30
10,619
6,29 1
17,951
30,800
12,481
10,530
3,5o9
4,211
12,738
2,256

4 8 , 3 03
14,734
10,312
c,048
17,20°
32,290
12,:J07
10,958
3,651
4 , )74
12,317
?, 76 4

49,816
15,141
10,659
6 , 181
17,835
32,209
12,9"3
10,964
3,o17
4,625
12,859
2,722

49,738
15,057
10,639
6,261
17,781
3 2,205
13,001
10,967
3,59 3
4,644
12,937
2,695

49,912
15,131
10,617
6 , 362
17,802
3 2 , 1 10
12,925
10,963
3,628
4,594
12,899
2 , 7 18

49,911
15,272
10,535
o,346
17,758
32,302
13,04 1
11,042
3,635
4,584
12,970
2,694

50,313
15,337
10,608
6,452
17,915
31,862
12,814
10,678
3,616
4,774
12,979
2,660

1,122
1,446
104

1,154
1,436
193

1,J37
1,564
2 95

1 ,399
1r 6 4 2
325

1,381
1,602
313

1,475
1,622
310

84 ,857
15,43C
o9 ,427
1, 169
68 258
6 ,372
444

86,335
15,534
70,800
1,062
69,738
6,624
354

86,029
15,251
70,778
1,24 7
69,531
6,497
475

86 , 9 1 2
15 , 4 0 7
71 ,505
1 ,313
7 0 r 192
6 ,731
449

86,982
15,423
71,559
1,261
70,298
6,812
'430

97,3 07
71, .348
3,034
1,294
1,740
12,425

89,206
72,857
3,339
1,591
1,748
13,010

87,520
72,176
3,203
1,252
1,951
12,141

88,723
73,159
3,167
1,273
1,894
12,397

88,638
73,204
3,315
1,354
1,961
12,119

CHARACTERISTICS
Total employed, 16 years and over
Men
Women
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, execpt farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

•

1,451
1,546
310

1,428
1,554
293

87,020
15,358
71,662
1,211
70,451
6,781
417

87,384
15,397
71,987
1,228
70,759
6,737
409

87,578
5,414
V .,163
1 , 132
7 1,031
*,752
379

88,617
72,997
3,392
1,413
1,979
12,228

89,180
73,137
3,519
1,491
2,028
12,524

89,454
73,223
3,513
1,549
1,964
12,718

PERSONS A T WORK 1
Nonagricultural industries
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Usually work full time
Usually work part time
Part time for noneconomic reasons . . . .

1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at w o r k " during the survey period for such
reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial disputes.

Table A-4. Duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Weeks of unemployment

Jan.

Jan.

Jan.

Sept.

Oct.

19">9

1980

1979

1979

3,033
2,102
1,296
779
517

3,506
2,128
1,409
873
536

2,751
1,881
1,229
708
521

10.7
5.6

10.1
5.0

100.0
47.2
32.7
20.2
12.1
8.0

100*0
49.8
30.2
20.0
12.4
7.6

i

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

1979

1979

1979

1980

2,778
2,035
1,152
644
508

2,955
1,963
1,195
678
517

2,919
1,869
1 , 191
660
531

2,916
1,966
1,230
711
519

3,184
1,907
1,334
795
539

11.2
5.8

10.7
5.8

10.5
5.5

10.6
5.3

10.5
5.5

10.5
5.2

100.0
46.9
32.1
21.0
12.1
3.9

> 100.0
46.6
34.1
19.3
10.8
8.5

100.0
48.3
32.1
19.5
11.1
8.5

100.0
48.8
31.3
19.9
11.0
8.9

100.0
47.7
32.2
20.1
11.6
8.5

100.0
49.6
29.7
20.8
12.4
8.4

DURATION

15 to 26 weeks

'
|

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

27 weeks and over




j

I

HOU8EHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Reasons for unemployment
[Numbers In thouaaodsl

Jan.

Jan*

Jan.

Sept.

Cct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

1979

1980

1979

1979

1979

1979

1979

1980

3,048
1,146
1,902
943
1,753
686

3,729
1,550
2,179
819
1,822
674

2,441
752
1,689
900
1,721
8 24

2,632
955
1,777
825
1,760
801

2,731
929
1,802
835
1,762
8C4

2,729
987
1,742
845
1,698
736

2,728
944
1,784
800
1,771
858

2,988
1,019
1,969
779
1,797
811

100,
47.
17.
29,
14,
27,
10.

100.0
52.9
22.0
30.9
11.6
25.9
9.6

100.0
41.5
12.8
28.7
15.3
29.2
14.0

100,
43,
14.
29.
13,
29,
13,

100.0
44.5
15.2
29.4
13.6
28.7
13.1

100.0
45.4
16.4
29.0
14.1
28.3
12.3

100.0
44.3
15.3
29.0
13.0
28.8
13.9

100.0
46.9
16.0
30.9
12.2
28.2
12.7

3.6
.8
1.8
.7

2.4
.9
1.7
.8

2.6
.8
1.7
.8

2.6
.8
1.6
.7

2.6
.8
1.7
.8

2.9
.7
1.7
.8

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Loct last job
On layoff
Other job losers
Left last job
Reentered labor force
Seeking first job
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
C I V I L I A N LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

3.0
.9
1.7
.7

2.5
.8
1.7
.8

Table A-6. Unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
mp
On

Unemployment rates

Sexandafi

Jan.

Jan.

Jan.

Sept.

Cct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

1979

1980

1979

1979

1979

1979

1979

1980

Total, 16 years and over .
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over .

5,904
1,542
761
771
1,322
3,032
2,590
444

6,425
1,545
764
772
1,554
3,326
2,818
512

5,
16,
18.
13.8

5,
16.
16.
15.
9.
3.
4.
2.

5.
16,
18.
15.
9.
4.
4.
3,

5.8
15.9
17,
14.
8.8
4.0
4.3
2.7

5,
16,
18.
14,
9,
3.
4.1
2.7

6.2
16.3
19.0
14.0
10.
4.

Men, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 t o 17 years . .
18 to 19 years . .
20 to 24 years
25 years and over .
25 to 54 years .
55 years and over

2,997
830
425
401
686
1,479
1,219
262

3,392
815
410
399
860
1,719
1,410
314

5.1
16.2
19.2
13.7
8.4
3.2
3.3
2.9

5.
16.
16.
15.
8.8
3.3
3.
2.

5.2
15.7
17.1
14.4
9.-5
3.4
3.5
2.8

5.2
15.8
17.8
14.0
8.4
3.5
3.8
2.6

5.2
15.6
17.9
13.6
9.4
3.2
3.4
2.6

5.7
16.2
19.0
13.9
10.4
3.7
3.8
3.5

Women, 16 years and oi
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 year* . .
1 8 t o 19years . .
20 to 24 years
25 years and over .
25 to 54 years .
55 years and over

2,907
712
336
370
636
1,553
1,371
182

3,034
730
354
373
694
1,607
1,408
198

6.8
15.7
17.8
14.0
9.1
5.0
5.4
3.2

6.
16.
17.
15.
9.
4.
5.
2.

6.9
17.2
19.8
15.6
9.7
4.9
5.2
3.4

6.6
16.1
16.7
15.5
9.3
4.7
5.0
2.9

6.8
16.4
18.0
15.5
10.2
4.7
5.1
2.9

6.8
16.3
19.1
14.2
9.8
4.9
5.2
3.4




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force,
seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Quarterly averages

1979

1.2

1.2

U-2—Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force
U-3—Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the civilian
labor force 25 years and over
U-4—Unemployed full-time jobseekers as a percent of the full-time labor
force
U-5—Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force
(official measure)

IV

II

IV
U-1 —Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the
civilian labor force

2.4

2.4

3.9

3.9

5.2

5.2

5.8

5.3

7.2

7.2

3.0

7.9

1.2

1. 1

1.2

1.1

2.U

2.5

2.6

2.6

3.9

3.9

3.9

4.C

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.4

5.9

5.8

5.9

5.8

U-6—Total full-time jobseekers plus ft part-time jobseekers plus ft total
on part time for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian
labor force less ft of the part-time labor force

J
U-7 —Total full-time jobseekers plus ft part-time jobseekers plus ft total
on part time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a
percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less
ft of the part-time labor force

8.0

8.0

1.3

2.6

2.9

3.8

4.2

5.4

5.7

5.9

6.2

7.5

7.4

7.4

1.2

7.8

8.1

H.A.

N.A.= not available.

Table A-8. Employment status of the noninstitutional population by race and Hispanic origin, not seasonally adjusted
[ Number m thousands]

Employment status

Jan.
1979

Civilian norttnstrtationat population .
Civilian labor force
Percent of population
Employment
Agriculture
Nonagrtouiltural industries
Unemployment
Unemployment rate . . . .
Not rn labor farce

Jan.
1979

Jan.
1980

Jan.
1979

Jan.
1980

Jan.
1979

Jan.
1980

160,353

163,020

140,683

142,806

16,855

17,240

7,477

100,867
62.9

103,188
63.3
96,145
2,782
93,363
7,043
6.0
59,832

88,983
63.3

90,950
6 3.7
85,420

10,088

10,339

59.9

60.0
8,988

4,748
63.5

5,159
64.2

4,325
174
4,151
423
8.9
2,730

4,665
192

94,436
2,762
91,67?
6,431

6.4
59,487

stack workers only. According to the 1970 Census, they comprised about 89 peril other" population group.




J-in.
1930

2

83,950

2,493

2,515

81,452
5,038
5.7
51,695

82,905
5,53C

8,822
216

8,606

6.1

1,266
12.5

51,856

6,767

217
8,771
1,351
13.1
6,901

8,033

4,474
494
9.6
2,874

Data on persons of Hispanic origin an tabulated separately, without regard to race, which n
that they are also included in the data for white and black workers. At the time of the 1970 &
approximately 96 percent of their population was white.

Table A-9. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Unemployed

Civilian
noninstitutional
population

Veteran status
and age

Jan.
1979

Jan.
1980

Percent
of
labor
force

Employed

Jan.
1979

Jan.
1980

Jan.
1979

Jan.
1980

,568
441

8,020
589

3, 117
412

7,589
5C8

7,625
338

439
81

7,207
1,825
3,616
1,766
920

6,758
2,002
3,421
1,335
681

6,924
1,718
3,507
1 ,699
781

6,430
1,869
3,285
1,276
t>51

6,530
1,556
3,349
1,625
757

15,076
6,896
4,380
3,800

13,4 31
6,022
3,904
3,505

12,8C7
5,666
3,752
3,389

13,531
6,135
3,943
3,453

Jan.
1979

Jan.

Jan.
1979

Jan.
1980

492
74

5.5
13.8

6.1
18.0

328
133
136
59
30

394
162
158
74
24

4.9
6.6
4.0
4.4
4.4

5.7
9.4
4.5
4.4
3.1

624
356
152
116

780
396
232
152

4.6
5.9
3.9
3.3

5.5
6.1
5.6

1980

VETERANS 1
Total, 20 years and over
20 to 24 years

25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 years and over

3,463
639

7,037
2,119
3,547
1,371
787

NONVETERANS
Total, 25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years

14,169
6,427
4,064
3,678

Vietnam-era veterans are those who served between August 5,1964 and May 7,1975.
Nonveterans are males who have never served in the Armed Forces. Published data are limited
to those 25-39 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era
veteran population.
3




14,311
6,531
4,175
3,o05

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
TaMo A-10.

Employment status of the noninstitiitional population for the ton largest States

[Numbers in thousands)
t seasonally adjusted
State and employment status

Jan.
1979

Dec.
1979

•Jan.
1980

Jan.
1979

Sept.
1979

Oct.
1979

Nov.
1979

Dec.
1979

Jan.
1980

16,579
10,835
10,053
782
7.2

16,925
11,195
10,521
675
6.0

16,954
11,065
10,338
727
6.6

16,579
10,841
10,149
692
6.4

16,836
11,081
10,375
706
6.4

16,866
11,123
10,42 5
698
6.3

16,895
11,135
10,458
677
6.1

16,925
11,178
10,481
697
6.2

16,954
11,074
10,434
640
5.8

6,661
3,780
3,495
285
7.5

6,852
3,764
3,569
194
5.2

6,870
3,757
3,544
213
5.7

6,661
3,816
3,548
268
7.0

6,798
3,813
3,588
225
5.9

6,816
3,829
3,603
226
5.9

6,834
3,783
3,570
213
5.6

6,852
3,802
3,598
204
5.4

6,870
3,791
3,596
195
5.1

8,232
5,2 63
4,960
303
5.7

8,285
5,474
5, 135
339
6.2

8,290
5,428
5,002
426
7.8

8,232
5,303
5,036
267
5.0

8,266
5,371
5,046
325
6.1

8,273
5,367
5,054
313
5.8

8,279
5,395
5,078
317
5.9

8,285
5,454
5,105
349
6.4

8,290
5,466
5,077
389
7.1

4,350
2,902
2,683
219
7.5

4,389
2,852
2,708
144
5. 1

4,393
2,830
2,648
181
6.4

4,350
2,901
2,721
180
6.2

4,377
2,930
2,743
187
6.4

4,381
2,877
2,719
158
5.5

4,385
2,636
2,687
149
5.3

4,389
2,879
2,719
160
5.6

4,393
2,827
2,685
142
5.0

6,683
4,250
3,909
341
8.0

6,755
4,323
3,955
3*68
8.5

6,762
4,266
3,827
439
10.3

6,683
4,270
3,957
313
7.3

6,732
4,334
3,988
346
8.0

6,740
4,343
3,976
367
8.5

6,747
4,344
3,987
357
8.2

6,755
4,345
3,968
377
8.7

6,762
4,283
3,875
408
9.5

5,478
3,505
3,243
262
7.5

5,532
3,590
3,376
214
6.0

5,536
3,570
3,312
2 58
7.2

5,478
3,536
3,285
251
7.1

5,516
3,546
3,326
220
6.2

5,521
3,545
3,301
244
6.9

5,526
3,526
3,279
247
7.0

5,532
3,568
3,335
233
6.5

5,536
3,597
3,348
249
6.9

Civilian n on institutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

13,264
7,980
7,363
617
7.7

13,294
8,111
7,546
565
7.0

13,298
8,049
7,376
673
8.4

13,264
8,004
7,438
566
7.1

13,282
8,020
7,437
583
7.3

13,287
8,013
7,434
579
7.2

13,290
8,117
7,551
566
7.0

13,294
8,114
7,525
589
7.3

13,298
8,064
7,440
624
7.7

Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

7,889
4 , 9 82
4,652
330
6.6

7,944
5,082
4,815
267
5.2

7,949
4,994
4,645
349
7.0

7,889
5,047
4,748
299
5.9

7,925
5,043
4,756
287
5.7

7,931
5,042
4,726
316
6.3

7,9 37
5,033
4,743
290
5.8

7,944
5,069
4,775
294
5.8

7,949
5,062
4,743
319
6.3

Civilian noninstitutional population'
Civilian labor force
Employed
,
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

8,876
5 , 2 73
4,897
376
7.1

8,920
5,331
4,978
354
6.6

8,925
5,332
4,9 18
414
7.8

8,876
5,324
4,977
347
6.5

8,903
5,307
4,943
364
6.9

8,909
5,331
4,S02
429
8.0

8,9 15
5,33 7
4,950
387
7.3

8,920
5,304
4,930
374
7.1

8,925
5,383
4,998
385
7.2

9,373
6,127
5,856
271
4.4

9,618
6,327
6 , 102
226
3.6

9,637
6,345
6,018
327
5.2

9,373
6,151
5,903
248
4.0

9,560
6,337
6,087
250
3.9

9,580
6,315
6,061
254
4.0

9,599
6,329
6,062
267
4.2

9,618
6,342
6,092
250
3.9

9,637
6,365
6,060
305
4.8

California
Civilian noninstitutional population '
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Illinois
Civilian noninstitutional population'
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Massa
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Mk
Civilian noninstitutional population'
Civilian labor force *
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
asaw Jersey
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Mm York

Texas
Civilian noninstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variations; therefore, identical numbers
appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted columns.
* These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used in the administration of
Federal fund a1




NOTE: The not seasonally adjusted labor force estimates for 1979 have been revised to reflect the
latest 1979 population estimates for the States. These revised estimates wart used to develop seasonally
adjusted data for 1979 and seasonal factors to be used in 1980, using the X-11/ARIMA methodology.

Table B-1. Employees on monagricultural payrolls by industry
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted

TOTAL
GOODS-PRODUCIiNG
MINING
CONSTRUCTION

Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

MOV.

1979

1979

OFC.
1979

87,128

90,902

91 , 0 0 0

89,176 88,433

25,671

26,829

26,598

25,959 26,382

P10

98'4

077

927

973

979

983

992

3,998

4,879

4,708

4,305

4,497

4,671

4,694

4,714

4,780

20,763

p

98«;

JAN.
1980

JAN.
1079

SFPT.
1979

DCT.
1079

1979

1979

89,803

89.9R2

90,100

90.2*1

26,593

26,572

26,533

26,654

Production workers

14,910

20,966
1A,954

20,905
14,900

20,677 20,958
1-4,673 15,085

20,949
1«,957

20,899
14,894

20,836
14,8?9

20,8A?
14,873

DURABLE GOODS
Production workers

12,*i61
P,01*

12,661
8,983

12,645
8,969

12,518 12,640
8,822 9,085

12,737
9,0 66

12,650
8,972

12,587
8,908

12,610
8,929

739.0
497.0

748.9

730.8

488.7

486.6
699.7

MANUFACTURING

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing

681 , 6
1.243.8
1 ,716.0

2,428.7

712.9
1 ,216.7

,204,5

1,738.2

,728.7

709.8
483.8
675.6
1,199.5
1,705.8
2,499.4
2,147.8
1,963.2
698.3
434.4

768
497
709
1,250
1,725
2,419
2,065
2,069
679
459

758
4 80
708
1,236
1 ,716
2,496
2,117
2,086
692
448

760
482
709
1,226
1 ,723
2,455
2,125
2,025
696
449

751
4*>3
704
1 ,223
1,726
2,438
2,125
1 ,994
694
449

741
4*2
706
1,208
1 ,724
2,442
2,142
2,014
69«
453

8,159
5,851

8,318
6,000

8,212
5,891

8,249
5,922

8,249
5,921

8,272
5,9'I4

1,645,8
65.0
887.8
1 ,276.9
712.7
1 ,266.9
1,114.3
211.8
743.4
234.7

1,735
68
900
1,339
706
1,225
1,109
211
774
251

1,691
65
884
1,294
714
1,245
1,110
215
751
243

1,707
65
887
1,299
715
1,252
•1,113
217
751
243

1,710
60
889
1 ,292
714
1 ,262
1,114
217
749
242

1,718
62
893
1,299
714
1,264
1,119
217
74 4
242

63,217 62,051

63,210

63,410

63,567

63,577

5,071

5,180

5,218

2,060.9
2,075.?
677.5
'441.2

2,440.9
2,146.3
2,009.7
695.9
46?.8

,038.6
699.2
447.2

8,202
5,894

8,305
5,971

5,931

1 ,678.0
69. 8

1,725.0
64.8

1,699.2
66.5

896.*
1,313.6
700.0
1,221.0
1 ,100.0

893, o
1,306.2
715.9
1,265.6

1,293.7
715.1

246,3

1,115.2
217.2
757.6
243.2

1,11S
215
746
241

61,457

64,073

64,402

5,010

5,255

5,237

5,229

5,206

WHOLESAJJt AND RETAIL TRADE

19,765

20,580

20,923

20,175 19,965

20,169

20,243

20,308

20,246

WHOLESALE TRADE

5,066
14,699

S,251
15,329

5,238
15,685

5,207 5,102
14,968 14,863

5,190
14,979

5,209
15,034

5,235
15,073

5,222
15,024

4,829

5,029

5;039

4,868

4,997

5,018

5,039

5,054

16,353

17,281

17,273

17,083 16,670

17,191

17,2*7

17,298

17,360

15,500

15,928

15,930

15,756 15,477

15,673

15,674

15,693

15,711

2,730
12,770

2,760
13,168

2,770
13,160

2,754 2,758
13,0021 12,719

2,762
12,911

2,770
12,904

2,771
12,922

2,771
12,940

N O N D U R A B L E GOODS
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufacturers
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemkah and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

SERVICE-PRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

205.8
771.0

RETAIL TRADE

454.6

,154.7

8,260

893.7

1,272.8
.7
.1
.9
.0

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE
SERVICES
GOVERNMENT
FEDERAL
STATE A N D LOCAL

p=preliminary.




5,173

5,030

J9«0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2, Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers, on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Industry
JAN,
1079

TOTAL PRIVATE
MINING

NOV.
1979

DEC.
1079P

JAN.
19P0P

JAN.
J 979

i

SEPT.
1979

OCT.
1979

NPV.
1979

DEC.
1979

p

JAN.
1980

35.2

35.6

36.0

35.1

35.8

35.7

35.6

35.7

35.7

35.7

42.4

43.7

43.9

43.6

43.4

43.1

43.1

43.2

43.9

4a#6

CONSTRUCTION

34.6

36.5

37.1

35.1

37.1

37.5

*6.6

36.8

37.1

37.6

MANUFACTURING
Overtime hours

40.1
3.5

40.4
3.4

41.0
3.4

39.9
3.1

40.6
3.7

40.2
3.2

40.2
3.2

40.1
5.5

40.3
3.2

40.4
3.3

DURABLE GOODS
Overtime hours

40.9
3.8

40.8
3.5

41.7
5.5

40.4
3.1

41.4
4.1

40.7
3.3

40.8
3.3

40.6
3.4

40.8
5.3

40.8
3.3

38.5
38.3
40.5
42.2
U0.8
42.1
40.3
41.9
«0.6
38.6

38.8
39.?
41.7
40.7
«1.0
41.9
40.9
40.8
41.4
39.6

39.4
39.9
41.9
40.9
02.0
42.9
41.4
42.6
41.7
39.6

38.1
38.4
40.7
40.3
d0.6
41.6
40.3
40.5
40.1
39.2

39.9
38.9
41.8
42.3
«i.l
42.3
40.5
«2.8
41.1
39.0

39.7
38.6
41.5
41.0
40.7
41.9
40.3
40.6
40.6
39.1

39.4
38.8
41.3
41.1
40.9
41.6
40.3
41.3
40.7
59.1

38.9
3A.9
41.5
40.7
40.7
41.6
flO.6
40.6
41.0
39.1

39.2
39.0
41.7
40.6
•1.1
«1.7
40.6
41.0
40.9
39.1

39.5
39.0
42.0
40.4
ao.9
41.8
^ 0.5
41.4
40.6
39.6

38.9
3.0

39.6
3.3

40.0
5.2

39.2
3.0

39.5
3.2

59.3
3.1

59.3
3.0

39.4
3.2

39.5
3.1

39.7
3.2

39.5
36.1
39.0
34.6
42.6
37.1
41.7
42.8
•1.1
36.3

40.2
39.0
41.3
35.6
42.9
37.9
42.1
44.8
40.3
36.8

40.4
39.9
41.6
36.0
43.6
38.1
42.3
44.2
40.7
37.2

39.6
38.0
41.1
34.9
42.8
37.5
41.5
43.t
40.0
36.7

40.0
37.2
40.7
35.3
42.8
37.7
42.0
43.5
*1.4
36.8

40.0
38.6
40.6
35.3
42.4
37.5
41.7
44.1
40.3;
37.0

39.9
38.3
40.8 i
35.3
42.6
37.4 !
41.7
43.7
40.3
36.5

40.0
37.8
41.1
35.3
42.7
37.6
41.9
44.4
40.0
36.7

40.0
39.2
41.1
35.7
43.0
37.4
41.8
44.3
39.9
36.8

40.1
39.1
41.9
35.6
43.0
38.1
41.8
43.8
40.3
37.2

TRANSPORTATION A N D PUBLIC
UTILITIES

39.6

40.2

40.2

39.6

40.0

39.9

39.9

40.2

40.0

40.0

WHOLESALE A N D RETAIL T R A D E

32.0

32.4

32.9

31.8

32.5

32.6

32.6

32.7

32.6

32.4

WHOLESALE T R A D E
RETAIL T R A D E

38.4
29.9

38.9
30.4

39.1
31.0

38.3
29.7

38.7
30.6

38.7
30.7

38.8
'30.6

38.9
30.7

38.9
30.6

38.6
30.4

FINANCE, INSURANCE, A N D
REAL ESTATE

36.4

36.4

36.4

36.4

56.3

36.4

36.2

36.5

36.4

36.3

SERVICES

32.4

32.6

32.8

32.4

32.6

32.7

32.6

32.7

32.9

32.6

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products

NONDURABLE GOODS
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products .,
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products

Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing: to construction workers in construction; and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and
fetai) trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and Services. These Jtoups account for approximatelyfour-fjfthsof the total employment on private nonagncultural payrolls,
p = preliminary.




ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonoupervisory workers on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry
A—rage hourly earninp
industry

Average W M M ^ eaimiwy

JAN.
1979

NOV.
1970

DFC.
1979H

JAN
1980 M

$5.97
5.9fe

S6.35
6.33

S6.38
6.38

S6.41
6.40

$210.14
213.37

S226.06
225.98

MINING

8.20

ft.70

8.72

8.70

347.68

380.19

3A2.81

379.3?

CONSTRUCTION

ft.9ft

9.50

9.56

0.53

3 1 0 . *M

346.75

354.68

334.50

MANUFACTURING

6.49

6.86

6.96*

6.95

260.25

277.14

?A5.36

277.31

6.92

7.29

7.41

7.37

283.03

297.43

309.00

297.75

5.79
'4.A7
6.57
8.62
fc.60
7.10
6.t1
ft.3a
5.<>9
a.93

6.23
5.23
7.07
9.26
6.99
7.51
6.SI
A.68
6.3P
5.15

6.23
5.28
7.10
9.30
7.U
7.63
6.62
P.90
6.49
5.22

6.22
5.30
7.07
9.26
7.04
7.63
6.61
8.80
6.44
5.32

222.9?
186.52
266.09
363.76
269.28
298.91
246.23
349.45
2«3.19
190.30

241,72
205.02
294.8?
376.88
286.59
314.67
266.26
354.14
264.55
203.94

245.46
210.67
297.4Q
380.37
298.6?
3?7.33
274.07
379.14
270.63
206.71

236.98
203.5?
287.75
373.18
285.8?
317.41
266.38
356.40
258.?4
208.^4

TOTAL PRIVATE

DURABLE GOOOS
Lumber and wood products
Stone, clay, and glass products
Fabricated metal products
Electric and electronic equipment

NOV.
1979

DEC.
1979

p

$229.68
??7.77

JAN.
19ftn

*224.99
228.48

5.81

6.21

6.26

6.31

226.01

245.92

250.40

247.35

6.51
7.01
a . 86
a.32
7.42
7.09
7.87
9.57
6.14

6.55
7.04
4.88
a.39
7.49
7.15
7,89
9.44
6.22
4.40

6.61
7.10
4.89
4.41
7.52
7.21
7.95
9.77J
6.24
4.53

240.56
229.60
180.35
144.2*
289.68
249.31
305.24
385.63
239.201
149.92

261.70
273.39
200.72
153.79
318.32
268.71
331.33
428.74
247.44
159.71

264.6?
280.90
203.01
15A.04
326.56
272.4?;
333.75
417.25
253.15
163.6ft

261.76
269.80
200.9R
153.9!
321.86
270.38
329.93
421.00
249.60
166.25

8.55

8.55

312.84

342.50

343.71

338.5ft
168.54

°.oi

7.90

4 . 3a
8.52

5.17

5.30

158.72

167.83

170.09

6.66

237.31
133.65

255.57
140.45

260.41
142.60

255.84
140.78

WHOLESALE A N D RETAIL TRADE

<l. 96

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

6.18
a.47

6.57
4.62

a.60

6.68
4.74

FINANCE, INSURANCE, A N D REAL ESTATE

5.13

5.4?

5.48

5.52

186.73

1^7.29

199.47

200.93

SERVICES

5.23

5.54

5.60

5.65

169.45

180.60

183.68

183.06

1

See footnote 1, table B-2.




p

6.09
6.36
4.5?
«.17
6.80
6.72
7.3?
5.82
«.13
TRANSPORTATION A N D PUBLIC UTILITIES

JAN.
1979

5.18

preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Hourly earnings index for prodasetior? >r r

nonagricultural payrolls

^supervisory w o r k e

on private

by industry - i * ' w k n , *r.} t o n a l l y a d j u s t e d

[1967=100]
•aaaajat cfaejta* frwa
Industry

JAN,
1979

A'lG,
1070

SEPT.
1079

OCT.
1979

NOV,
1979

OEC.
1979

222.6
10«,5

23?. ?
K)5.1

2*4.
104,

234.9
104.2

237.3
104,2

239,3
103.9

239.8
N,A.

7_7

252.1
213.8
225.4
240.8
217.7
202, u
??*. 8

2*5.6
??3.t
236.9
252.6
225.4
211.5
2?«.4

266,1
224.4
2TR.7
255.6
227.0

2*8,0
224.0
240.0
255.8
227.4
213.1
232.3

271,8
225.8
242.1
2**.9
229.5
216.2
234.7

272.8
227.4
244.1
260.5
230.9
218.4
237.8

270,6
2?6.2
244.7
261.0
233.2
217.5
237.6

7.3
5.«

-.«
-.*

«.4
7.1
7.5
7.6

.2
.2
1.0
•.4
-.1

P

JAN,
1980

P
JAN, 1 9 7 9 JAW, 1 9 « 0

DEC. 1 9 7 9 JAN. 1 9 8 0

TOTAL PRIVATE NONFARM:
Current dollars
Constant 0 9 6 7 ) dollars
MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE. INSURANCE. AND REAL ESTATE
SERVICES
1

SEE EHOTNOTF

i

PFHCtNT

CHANGc

v-AS -4.5 FKOM

1

pFRCENT

CWANGF

wAS -.3 FROM

21 a . a
231.5

0.2
(3)

f2)

*.*

1, TABLE rt-2.
OFCF^RFP

1°7P

TO DFTFMREP

MiivRMRF^ 197<> Tfi DETE'^FR

1079, THF LATEST MONTH
1079, THF LATEST MONTH

AVAILABLE.
AVAII..A8LF.

AN.A. = not available,
p^prelijntrtary.
NOTE: All series are in current dollars except where indkatad. The index excludes effects of two types of changes that are unrelated to underlying wage-rate developments: Fluctuations in overtime
premiums in manufacturing (the only sector for which ovartima data are available) and the effects of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage and low-wage industries.
Table B-5.

Indexes of aggregate w e e k l y hours of production or nonsupervisory w o r k e r s ,

nonagricultural payrolls

on private

by industry, seasonally adjusted

[1967=1001

1979

,

1980

Industry division and group

TOTAL PRIVATE
GOODS-PRODUCING
MINING
CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
DURABLE GOODS

Stone, clay, and glass products

Electric and electronic equipment
Instruments and related products

NONDURABLE GOODS

Apparel and other textile products

SERVICE-PRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE
WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE
SERVICES
1

See footnote 1, table B-2.




JAN,

FEB.

MAR.

APR.

124.4

124.7

125.7

123.6

110.3

110.2

111.3

106.8

JUNE

JULY

AUG.

SEPT.

OCT.

NOV..

DEC. P

JAN.

125.4

125.7

125.7

125.5

125.9

125.8

126.3

126.7

126.7

110.3

110.1

109.9

109.4

109.7

109.0

108.7

109.8

110.5

MAY

152.0

152.5

152.5

152.0

151.6

152.5

148.4

156.*

157.4

158.1

158.4

162.3

163.9*

12*. 9

126.7

132.7

124.9

133.7

134.4

133.9

134.5

135.4

132.7

133.7

137.1

140.8

105.6

105.8

106.0

10.2.0

104.7

104.3

104,4

103.3

103.4

103.1

102.5

103.2

103.3

109.2
115.9
109.9
113.0
100.1
107.6
115.8
106.6
105.9
128.2
102.3

109.9
114.9
109.1
U2.8
100.3
108.7
117.4
107.8
106.9
129.4
101.7

110.1
116.4
109,4
114.9
100.2
108.6
117.5
108.5
105.9
129,7
101.7

105.0
112.4
105.8
111.5
99.7
102.7
113.0
104.4
94,3
127.2
97.5

108.3
113.3
105.9
113.1
97.9
106.6
117.4
108.2
102.6
128.1

107.9
111.9
105.9
111.5
97.8
106.7
118.0
108.5
100.3
128.1
100.7

106.8
112.3
104.5
HP.8
95.9
104.8
116.2
104.7
102.6
127.2
100.8

107.1
113.6
104.8
111.2
05.3
105.4
117.7
107.2
100.1
127.2
99.9

106.2
113.3
105.9
110.6
94.6
106.1
114.3
107.6
97.4
127.8
99.9

105.1
110.1
106.2
110.4
93.1
105.8
113.6
108.1
93.7
127.8
99.9

105.7
108.9
106.4
111.1
91.8
106.5
113.9
109.0
96.6
128.5
101.4

105.4
108.7
106.2
111.7
91.0
105.1

98.7

107.9
112.7
105.3
113.0
97.9
107.1
117.6
108.6
99.4
128.4
100.3

100.3
98.1
71.8
91.9
91.0
101.1
102.5
108.7
122.7
153.5
67.9

99.8
97.0
70.0
90.3
90.3
10.1.8
103.1
108.5
123.9
154.0
6*6,6

100.1
98.1
73.4
90.6
89.9
103.0
103.4

99.5
97.0
76.5
89.5
A9.5
102.3
103.1
108.3
124.2
153.4
65.4

99.1
96.8
72.6
89,6
88.7
102.1
103.3
108.4
123.1
150.4
66.0

99,1
95,9
73.0
89,8
89,5
103,2
104.4
108.8
123.0
150.5
61.3

98.2
94,6
66.7
89.0
88.0
103.1
104.7
108.2
124.2
145.6
64.9

98.1
95.0
70.5
89.8
87.5
102.2
103.9
107.6
126.2
143.5
66.1

98.5
96.1
69.9
90.6
87.9
102.7
104.3
107.9
125.1
143.5
65.2

98.8
96.5
61.1
91.8
87.3
102.8
105.9
108.6
128.0
142.5
64.9^

99.4
97.3
66.1
92.1
88.9

108.1
125.0
154.4
66.1

97.8
96.8
73.9
86.7
86.8
100.8
L01.7
107.7
125.7
148.4
6f.9

103.7
105,2
109.2
128.6
141.1
64,8

100.2
96.6
68.6
93.9
88.8
104.3
108.5
110.0
129.0
143.5
64.5

134.2

13**.8

135.8

135.3

135.9

136.5

136.7

136.6

137.2

137.5

138.5

138.4

112.8

113.3

113.7

109.2

113.4

115.0

114.2

115.2

114.9

115.8

116.9

115.8

130.7

116.5
109.3
93.1
128.4
102.1

138.0

116.1

130.7

129.0

129.3

130.2

130.6

130.2

130.0

129.9

129.6

130.4

131.6

130.9

130.5
128.5

130.8
128.7

132.3
129.3

131.3
130.3

132.8
129.1

132.8
128.9

132.7
128.9

132.4
128.5

132.5
129.6

133.4
129.7

134.3
130.5

134.2
129.6

113.6
129,6

143.3

144.1

144.6

145.5

144.5

145.7

146.5

146.3

147.1

146.7

148.3

148.2

148.2

155.2

156.4

*****

,148.6

149.5 .151.1

151.0

151.7

152.6

•pra*i miner/.

153.5

153.4

153.8

154.1

P

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6.

Indexes of diffusion:

Percent of industries in which e m p l o y m e n t 1 increased

Onr 12-month fpin

1977

April
May
June
July
August

75.3
76.7
79.7

October
November
December

82.8
81.1
82.0
1978

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
September
October
November
December
1979
70.3
65.1
60.5

January
February
March
April
May
June

,
,

58.1
50.3
46.8

-

July

o
wo

Sep tember
October
November

r »J

December
1980
January
February
March
April
May
June

,

July
August
September

,

2*
ffH

October

nally adjusted, on payrolls of 172 private nonagncultural industries.




5PO