Full text of The Employment Situation : February 1990

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Bureau of Labor Statistics

United States
Department
of Labor
Washington, D.C. 20212

Technical information (202) 523-1371
523-1944
523-1959
Media contact:
523-1913

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:

USDL 90-125
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS
RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL
8:30 A.M. (EST), FKIDAY,
MARCH 9, 1990

FEBRUARY 1990

Eirployment rose and unemployment held steady, the Bureau of Labor
Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The overall
jobless rate was 5.2 percent and the civilian worker rate was 5.3 percent.
These have changed very little in the last year and a half.
Payroll employment, as measured by the survey of nonfarm business
establishments, rose by about 370,000 in February, on a seasonally adjusted
basis, to 110.3 million. The large increase reflected the return of
temporarily laid-off workers in automobile manufacturing, milder-thannormal weather which aided construction activity, and continued strength in
services. Total civilian employment, as measured by the household survey,
rose slightly in February.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
The number of unemployed persons was about unchanged in February at
6.6 million, seasonally adjusted. The civilian worker unemployment rate,
at 5.3 percent, has been the same for 9 consecutive months. (See table A2.)
The jobless rate for blacks dropped to 10.5 percent in February,
reflecting improvement among adult black men. Jobless rates for other
major worker groups—adult men (4.6 percent), adult women (4.8 percent),
teenagers (14.8 percent), and whites (4.6 percent)—were about unchanged.
(See tables A-2 and A-3.) The unemployment rate for auto workers, which
had soared to 20 percent in January because of temporary plant shutdowns,
fell back to 8 percent in February.
Civilian Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
Total civilian employment edged up in February to 118.0 million,
seasonally adjusted, and the employment-population ratio was essentially
unchanged at 63 percent, about where it has held for the past year.
The civilian labor force (124.6 million) also rose by a small amount
over the month, and the labor force participation rate (66.5 percent) was
little changed. Over the past year, the labor force has increased by 1.5
million, with the participation rate remaining relatively steady around the
66-percent mark. (See table A-2.)




- 2 -

Table A.

Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

Quarterly
averages

Category

!

Monthly data

1989

III

1

BDGSEH09X> DATA

IV

1989

!

Dec.

! Jan.

Jan.Feb.
!change

1990

i Feb.

Thousands of persons
125,7201
119,1531
124,0351
117,468!
6,567!
62,567!
817

Total employment 1/.
Civilian labor force..
Civilian employment.
Not in labor force....
Discouraged workers.

126,098!
119,474:
124,394!
117,770!
6,624!
62,624!
827!

126,246!
119,5881
124,546!
117,8881
6,6581
62,6191
N.A.!

126,094! 126,308!
119,560! 119,7131
124,397! 124,630!
117,8631 118,035!
6,535!
6,5941
62,8961 62,782!
N.A. I
N.A.I

214
153
233
172
59
-114
N.A.

Percent of labor force
Unemployment rates:
All workers 1/
All civilian workers
Adult men
!
!
White
Black
!
Hispanic origin...
i

ESTABLISMEOT DMA

5.21
5.31
4.61
4.71
15.0:
4.51
11.3!
8.61
t

1

5.3!
5.31
4.6!
4.81
15.2!
4.5!
11.8!
8.H
t

5.3!
5.31
4.6!
4.81
15.2!
4.61
11.8!
8.5!

5.2!
5.3!
4.71
4.61
14.5!
4.51
11.31
7.11

i

i

5.21
.0
5.3!
.0
4.6! -0.1
4.8!
.2
14.8!
.3
4.6!
.1
10.5! -.8
7.8!
.7
•

Thousands of jobs

Nonfarm employment.... 1 108,917! 109,398! 109,5701 plO9,902ipllO,274! p372
!
25,659! 25,581! 25,532! p25,5131 p25,664i pl51
83,2581 83,816! 84,0381 p84,389; p84,610! p221
Service-producing... J

!

Hours of work

Average weekly hours:
I
!
!

34.7;
41.01
3.8!

34.6J
40.71
3.71

1/ Includes the resident Armed Forces.
N.A.=not available.




34.5!
40.6!
3.6J

p34.5J
p40.7!
p3.7I

p34.6J p.l
p40.7! p.O
p3.6! p-.l

Industry Payroll Deployment: lEstablishroant Survey Data)
Total payroll envloyment rose by 370,000 in February, after seasonal
adjustment, to a level of 110.3 million. The g&ii* reflected a rebound in
auto employment, favorable weather for construction and other outdoor
activities, and strong increases in services. (Se^ table B-l.)
Manufacturing employment increased by 90,000 in February,
adjusted, following stfiady declines over the past year. The cjain
from the recall of worVers in the aubo industry, a.?j irany p^an
after January shutdown*. A related rebourd took place in fabricated r
employment, which wag up by 10,000 over the month, alter tffcJining by
20,000 in t-he prior month. Cfchexwisef ilactory etr^i^nnent was weak, as
evidenced Iry tJie diffusion index ot: c5i^>loytnBnt cha?ige that wan bel*"»« - 0
percent for ihe fourth straight month. Weakness w<ts particul trly a p p r c
in nondurab'e3 wnere oeciinea occurreci in six ind.istries, includina
textiles, arforeJ, and jn^fober and plastxcs. (See tables B-l and B-6.)
in the r«>^ip-producing sector, consti-uctior employment rose
by 60,000, .-tft«r seasonal adjustsnent, ^a the unusunlly mild weather
experienced in January continued into the February reference period,
leading to fewer layoffs than usual for the second nonth in a row. Mining
enployment was about unchanged in February; the industry has added 40,000
jobs since Jast JuJy.
In the aervice-producinq sector, the services aridustry added 145,000
jobs for tiie second straight month, after seasonal adjustment, uhich were
broadly distributed among the various component industries, such as health,
business, personal, and social services. Snaller increases occurred in
transportation and public utilities (20,000) and finance, insurance, and
real estate (15,000). Trade employment was little changed in February.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
The workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls edged up 0.1 hour in February to 34.6 hours, seasonally
adjusted. The average workweek in manufacturing was unchanged at 40.7
hours, and factory overtime moved down 0.1 hour to 3.6 hours. (See table
B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of private production or
nonsupervisory workers rose by 0.7 percent in February to 130.3 (1977=100>,
after seasonal adjustment. The index for manufacturing, at 94.4, also rose
0.7 percent, reversing a similar decline in January. (See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.5 percent in February, seasonally
adjusted, after showing little movement in January. Average weekly




earnings rose by 0.8 percent. Before seasonal adjustment, average hourly,
earnings inorea -*ed 3 cents? to S9*9Q. and average weekly earnings rose $2.02
to S339.57- >/ev the y t i r . borU -wirly anri weskLy earnings increased by
3.7 percent.
(See t;\bles B-3 .r^i E-4,'*

The i^'lo^inent Satiation for M?>rch 19S0 will be released on Friday,
April 6, <vt 9:30 A.M. (lOT),




Explanatory Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys,
the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the
Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey).
The household survey provides the information on the labor
force, total employment, and unemployment that appears in
the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample
survey of about 60,000 households that is conducted by the
Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics <BLS>.
The establishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected
from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies.
The sample includes over 300.000 establishments employing
over 38 million people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually
collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household
survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey
week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the
pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of technical
factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a
survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each
of these factors is explained below.

that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment
sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Persons laid off from their
former jobs and awaiting recall and those expecting to report
to a job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be
counted as unemployed.
The tabor force equals the sum of the number employed and
the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the
percentage of unemployed people in the labor force (civilian
plus the resident Armed Forces). Table A-5 presents a special
grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The
definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive
definition yields U-l and the most comprehensive yields U-7.
The overall unemployment rate is U-5a. white U-5b represents
the same measure with a civilian labor force base.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only
counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the
payroll records of nonagricultural firms. As a result, there are
many differences between the two surveys, among which are
the following:

Cov*reg«, definitions, and difference*
between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are selected
so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population
16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is
classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.
Those who hold more than one job are classified according to
the job at which they worked the most hours.
People axe classified as employed if they did any work at all
as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or
on their own farm; or worked IS hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether the> were
paid or not. Peopk arc also counted as employed if they were
on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor and management, or personal reasons. Members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their
disability for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if
they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the survey week; they were available for work at

— The household survey has no duplication of individuals. because each individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employee! working at
more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be
counted separately for each tppeuance.




— The household survry. although based an a smaller sample, reflects a
larger segment of the populatbn; the establishment survey excludes agncufcurt,
the self-employed, unpaid family work en, privaie household worker*, and
members of the resident Armed Form;
— The household survry includes people on unpaid leave amont the
employed; the tsttblishmrnt survey does not;
— The household survey is limited to those 16 yean or age and older; the
establishment survry u no) limited by age;

Other differences between the two surveys are described in
"Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and
Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS upon
request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
fence and the levels of employment and unemployment
undeigo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as
changes in weather, reduced or expanded production» harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.
For example, the labor force increases by a large number each
June, when schools close and many young people enter the job
market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very
large; over the course of a year, for example, seasonally may
account for as much as 95 percent of the month -to-month
changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular
pattern each year, iheir influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make nonseasonat developments, such as
declines in economic activity or increases in the participation
of women in (he labor force, easier to spot. To return to the
school's-oui example, the large ntimber of people entering (he
labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined.
However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can
be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the
seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
economic activity.
Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment
contain components such as ape and sex. Statistics for all
employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and
average hourly earnings include components based on the
employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the
components and combining them. The second procedure
usually yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by HI S. For example, ihe seasonally adjusted figure
for the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted
civilian em ploy men i components, plus the resident Armed
Forces total (not adjusted for seasonally), and four seasonally
adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; ;md
the overall unemployment rate is domed by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the .estimate of
the tabor force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regular!;.. l o r the household
survey, the factors ;.re calculated for (he January-June period
and again for the July December period. For the establishment survey, undated factors for seasonal adjustment arc calculated for 6
months, along with the introduction of new benchmarks, which are
discussed at ihe end of ihe next section, and again with the release
of data for October. In both surveys, revisions lo data published
over the previous 5 -ears are made once a year.

S j n n l i n g variability
StaiMks based c 1 the household and e\taHish[nor>i survey >,
are sub',<"•'•. u v i r pang error, tliat is. -\ : c-iin ,c of the
r-umher < i j.T.-..>!e *mp«i>yed and the tul.o" e<:!cw;s drawn
I.om ~ie.^' s'wvcjs Tobably differ \ix-a ,r:~figr L> • -~,ai would
be obiainc! •Vci-i a ?mplcte census, c ^ i i >'fhe- s.unc questionnaires and pror-.du .s were used. In 1 • -«.- household survey, the
amour:l ot the diffc-rr^cs can be i xpressed in terms of standard errors, l i v numerical value of a '.tandard error depends
upon the s i « of 'he sample, the results of the survey, and other
factors. However, i!":c numerical value is always such that the
chances arc approximately 68 om of 100 that an estimate based
on the sample will differ by no more than the standard error




from ihe results of a complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sajnple will.
differ by no more than 1.6 limes the standard error from the
results of a complete census. At approximately the 90-percent
level of confidence—the confidence limits used by HIS in its
analyses—the error for ihe monthly change in total employment is on the order of plus or minus 358.000; for total
unemployment it is 224,000. and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage point. These figures do not
mean that (he sample results are off by these magnitudes but,
rather, that the chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that
Hie " t r u e " level or rate would not be expected to differ from
the eslimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the
data arc cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or
annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the
larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the
estimate of the si/e of the labor force is subject to less error
than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among
the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate of
adult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for
the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly
change in the jobless rate for men is .25 percentage point; for
teenagers, it is 1.29 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most current
months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these
estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all t!ie
returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are
revised. In other words, data for the month of September arc
published in preliminary form in October and November and
in final form jn Decembct. To remove errors that build up
o\cr time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts o f
employment—against which month-to-month changes can be
measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in
the classification of industries and allow for the formal ion of
new establishments.

Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's employment situation, iti s regularly publishes a wide variety of data
in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in l-.tnfttttyntent und Lam in vs. published each mcrrth by
in l It is available fo- S8.50 per issue or $25.00 per year from
tit: U.S. Government Prr.nintr. OiTic; Washington, "iX ..
20204. A check or rroney order nude out so i V Supc ' nten
(i.-i' ot' !V"'timenis mus; a von"!pany- &\\ orders.
t'.ni'iovttient und t'.arttln^ also prtniJes ppproximatinn* of
'he standard errors lor (1": household survey data publi :i?d in
tliis release. For unemployment auC other labor force
canzones, the standard errors appear in tables B through J cf
its. 'Txplanaiory Neies." Measures of the reliability of the
dai.i drawn from the establish mem survey and the actual
amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables NT, O, P. and Q of that publication.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the population, including Armed Forces in the United States, by sex
(Numbers in thousands)

Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status and sex
Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

Feb.
1989

Oct.
1939

Nov.
1969

Dec.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

187,461
123,590
65.9
116,707
62.3
1,684
115,023
2,795
112,228
6,883
5.6
, 63,871

188,990
124,990
66.1
117,734
62.3
1,697
116,037
2,720
113,317
7,256
5.8
64,000

189,090
125,120
66.2
117,986
62.4
1,678
116,308
2,693
113,615
7,134
5.7
63,970

187,461
124,801
66.6
118,441
63.2
1,684
116,757
3,196
113,561
6,360
5.1
62,660

188,580
125,857
66.7
119,294
63.3
1,709
117,585
3,197
114,388
6,563
5.2
62,723

188,721
126,192
66.9
119,540
63.3
1,704
117,836
3,160
114,676
6,652
5.3
62,529

168,865
126,246
66.8
119,588
63.3
1,700
117,888
3,197
114,691
6,658
5.3
62,619

188,990
126,094
66.7
119,560
63.3
1,697
117,863
3,134
114,728
6,535
5.2
62,896

189,090
126,308
66.3
119,713
63.3
1,678
118,035
3,079
114,957
6,594
5.2
62,782

89,973
68,273
75.9
64,233
71.4
1,521
62,712
4,040
5.9

90,772
68,844
75.8
64,602
71.2
1,523
63,079
4,242
6.2

90,822
68,885
75.8
64,799
71.3
1,506
63,293
4,087
5.9

89,973
69,033
76.7
65,529
72.8
1,521
64,008
3,504
5.1

90,535
69,599
76.9
66,046
73.0
1,533
64,513
3,553
5.1

90,606
69,635
76.9
66,011
72.9
1,529
64,482
3,624
5.2

90,678
69,725
76.9
66,143
72.9
1,525
64,618
3,582
5.1

90,772
69,539
76.6
65,943
72.6
1,523
64,420
3,597
5.2

90,822
69.639
76.7
66,108
72.8
1,506
64,602
3,530
5.1

97,488
55,317
56.7
52,474
53.8
163
52,311
2,843
5.1

98,218
56,145
57.2
53,132
54.1
174
52,958
3,014
5.4

98,268
56,235
57.2
53,188
54.1
172
53,016
3,047
5.4

97,488
55,768
57.2
52,912
54.3
163
52,749
2,856
5.1

98,045
56,258
57.4
53,248
54.3
176
53,072
3,010
5.4

98,115
56,557
57.6
53,529
54.6
175
53,354
3,028
5.4

98,187
56,521
57.6
53,445
54.4
175
53,270
3,076
5,4

98,218
56,555
57.6
53,617
54.6
174
53,443
2,938
5.2

98,268
56,669
57.7
53,605
54.5
172
53,433
3,064
5.4

Feb.
1989
TOTAL
2

Noninstitutlonal population
Labor force*
Participation rate3
Total employed2
Employment-population ratio4
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*
Not in labor force ... ..
Men, 16 years and over
Noninstitutional population2
Labor force*
Partidoation rate3
Total emDloved*
Employment-population ratio4
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemoloved
UnemDlovment rate
. ......

,

..,

Women, 16 years and over
Noninstitutional DODulation2
Labor force*
Participation rate*
Total employed*
Employment-population ratio4
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
,
Unemployed
Unemployment rate'

««

1
The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for
seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
and seasonally adjusted columns.
* Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United
States.




3

Labor force as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
Total employment as a percent of the noninstitutional population.
Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident
Armed Forces).

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)

Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
Feb.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

Feb.
1989

Oct.
1989

Nov.
1989

Dec.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

185,777
121,906
65.6
115,023
61.9
6,883

187,293
123.293
65.8

187,412
123,442

185,777
123,117

186,871
124,148

187,017
124,488

187,293
124,397

187,412
124,630

65.9

66.3

66.4

66.6

187,165
124,546
66.5
117,888
63.0

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio3
Unerrmloved
Unemployment rate

....

5.6

116,037 116,308 116,757 117.585 117,836
62.0
62.1
62.9
62.8
63.0
7.256
7,134
6,563
6,652
6,360
5.9
5.8
5.3
5.3
5.2

66.4

66.5

117,863

118,035

62.9
6,535
5.3

63.0
6,594
5.3

82,055
64,071
76.1
61,154
74.5
2,293
58,861
2,917
4.6

82,168
63,958
77.8

82,248
64,101
77.9
61,172
74.4
2,254
58,918
2,929
4.6

91,042
52,586
57.6

91,091
52,686
57.8
50,255
55.2

6,658
5.3

Men, 20 years and over
81,256

Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

63,031
77.6

.
•

...

59,681
73.4
2,065

57,616
3,350
5.3

82,168
63,654
77.5

60,042
73.1
2,040
58,002
3,612
5.7

82,248

81,256

63,760
77.5
60,286
73.3

63,393
76.0
60,566
74.5

2,015

2,312
58,254
2,827
4.5

58,270
3,474
5.4

81,905
63,918
78.0
61,026
74.5
2,304
58,722
2,892

4.5

81,968

63,967
78.0

61,033
74.5
2,292
58,741

2,934
4.6

60,976
74.2
2,269
58,706
2,983
4.7

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

•

90,153
51,675
57.3
49,279
54.7
578
48,702

2,396
4.6

91,091

52,575
57.7
50,025
54.9
513
49,512
2,550

4.9

91,157
52,689
57.8

50,129
55.0
524
49,605
2,560
4.9

90,153
51,816
57.5
49,455

54.9
646

90,860

90,952

52,281

52,541
57.8
50,043

57.5
49,796

55.0
624

48,609
2,361
4.6

54.8
641
49,155
2,485
4.8

49,419
2,498
4.8

14,367
7,908

14.107
7,949

14,097
7,980

55.0
6.736
46.9

56.3
6,763
47.9

56.6
6,760

238
6,498
1,172
14.8

252
6,511
1,186
14.9

50,048
55.0
618
49.430
2,538
4.8

91,157
52,814

57.9

594
49,661
2,431
4.6

50,287
55.2
582
49,704
2,527
4.8

14,034
7,752
55.2
6,631
47.3
270
6,361
1,121
14.5

14.008
7,715
55.1
6,577
47.0
243
6,334
1,138
14.8

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
«
Unemployment rate
,

14,367
7,199
50.1

14,034
7,063
50.3

6,062
42.2
152
5,910
1,137

5,970
42.5

15.8

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation;
therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally
adjusted columns.




167
5,803
1.093
15.5

14,008

6,993
49.9
5,893
42.1
154
5,740
1,100
15.7

48.0
244
6,516
1,220

15.3

14,067
7.889
56.1
6,686

47.5
286
6,400
1,203
15.2

2
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)

Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

Feb.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

Feb.
1989

Oct.
1989

Nov.
1939

Dec.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

WHITE
Civilian noninstituttonal population.,
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
...
Employed
2
Employment-population ratio .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
...
Unemployment rate
....
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

159,938 160,007 158,947 159,644 159,736 159,832 159,938 160,007
106,113 105,760 106,618 106,834 106,896 106,884 107,080
66.2
65.9
66.3
66.5
66.8
66.9 ' 66.9
66.8
66.9
99,747 100,419 100,689 101,187 101,862 101,991 102,032 102,074 102,117
62.8
62.8
62.9
63.7
63.8
63.8
63.8
63.8
63.8
5,486
5,012
5,425
4,573
4,756
4,843
4,864
4,811
4,962
5.2
4.8
5.1
4.3
4.5
4.5
4.6
4.5
4.6

158,947
104,758

54,920
78.0

52,399
74.4
2,521

4.6
43,657
56.8
42,008
54.6
1,649

105,906

55,464
78.0
52,703
74.1

2,761
5.0

55,554
78.1
52,851
74.3
2,703

4.9

55,217
78.4
53,105
75.4
2,112
3.8

55,626
78.5
53,483
75.5
2,143

3.9

55,676
78.5
53,482
75.4
2,194
3.9

55,747
78.5
53,580
75.5
2,167
3.9

55,771
78.4
53,560
75.3
2,211
4.0

55,815
78.4

44,469
57.4

44,475
57.4
42,718
55.1

44,615
57.5
42,782
55.2

1,757
4.0

1,833

53,547
75.2
2,268
4.1

44,513
57.4
42,654
55.0
1,860
4.2

43,762
56.9
42,137
54.8

44,207
57.1
42,437

54.9

44.360
57.3
42,586
55.0

3.8

44,379
57.2
42,504
54.8
1,875
4.2

1,625
3.7

1,770
4.0

1,774
4.0

42.641
55.0
1,828
4.1

6,182
53.0
5,340
45.8
841
13.6
16.4
10.6

6,063
53.6
5,213
46.1
850
14.0
15.4
12.6

6,046
53.7
5,184
46.0
862
14.3
15.1
13.3

6,781
58.2

6,785
59.4

6,798
59.7

5,945
51.0
836
12.3
13.9
10.7

6,680
53.9

6,639
58.7

6,650
59.0

5,942
52.0
843
12.4
13.8
10.9

5,923
52.0
875
12.9
14.3
11.3

5,811
51.2
869
13.0
14.0
11.9

5,796
51.3
843
12.7
12.9
12.4

5,788
51.4
862
13.0
12.7
13.2

20,905
13,303

21,188
13,292
62.7
11,798
55.7
1,494
11.2

20,905
13,443

21,108
13,507

64.3
11,883
56.8
1,560

64.0
11,923

21,163
13,510
63.8
11,978

21,188
13,437
63.4
12,030

11.6

56.5
1,584
11.7

21,136
13,576
64.2
11,954
56.6
1,622
11.9

21,164
13,522
63.9
11,920

12.4

21,163
13,351
63.1
11,821
55.9
1,530
11.5

56.3
1,602

56.6
1,532

56.8
1,407

11.8

11.3

10.5

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
,
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,153
74.0
5,432
65.3
721
11.7

6,152
73.0
5,425
64.4
727
11.8

6,132
72.8

6,187
74.4
5,558
66.9
629
10.2

6,234
74.2
5,593
66.6
641
10.3

6,247
74.2
5,587
66.4
660
10.6

6,244
74.0
5,569
66.0
675
10.8

6,189
73.5
5,496
65.2
693
11.2

6,172
73.3
5,603
66.6

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

6,327
60.7
5,669
54.4
658
10.4

6,411
60.7
5,819

6,417
60.7
5,792
54.7
625
9.7

6,333
60.8

5,699
54.7
634
10.0

6,336
60.2
5,706
54.2
630
9.9

6,373
60.4
5,722
54.2
651
10.2

6,311
59.7

6,393
60.5
5,802
54.9
591
9.2

6,423
60.7
5,821
55.0
602
9.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women

822
37.8
553
25.4
269
32.7
35.2
30.0

788
36.3

744
34.0
532
24.3
211
28.4
31.2
25.5

923
42.4
626
28.8
297
32.2
32.6
31.7

937
43.0
624
28.6
313
33.4
32.0
34.9

956
44.0
645
29.7
311
32.5
32.3
32.7

967
44.6
670
30.9
297
30.7
30.1
31.4

928
42.8
680
31.3
248
26.7
29.2
24.0

842
38.5
606
27.7
236
28.0
28.5
27.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
•
Employment-population ratio2
,
Unemployed
,
Unemployment rate
,
Men
Women

4.1

BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2 .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

See footnotes at end of table.




63.6
11,655
55.8
1,648

55.1
593
9.2

577
26.6
210
26.7
30.3
22.7

5,474
65.0
658
10.7

5,681
53.8
630
10.0

569

9.2

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin

Feb.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

Feb.
1988

13,606
9,129
67.1
8,441

14,080

14,119

9,322
66.2
8,585
61.0

9,347
66.2
8,562
60.6

738

785
8.4

13,606 | 13,936
9,192
9,339
67.6
67.0
8,549
8,595
62.8
61.7
643
744
7.0
8.0

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

Oct.
1989

Nov.
1989

Dec.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

13,977

14,019

9,495
67.7

14,080
9,440
67.0
8,769

14,119

9,424
67.4
8,672
62.0
752

I

62.0
688
7,5

7.9

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation;
therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally
adjusted columns.
2
Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional

8.0

8,691
62.0
804
8.5

62.3
671
71

9,400
66.6
8,666
61.4
734
7.8

population.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and His panics are included in both the white and black population groups.

Table A-4. Selected employment indicators
(In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Category

Fob.
1989

Oct.
t£»89

Nov.
1989

Dec.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

116,757
40,880

117,585
40,839

117,836
40,886

117,888
41,041

117,863

118,035

29.767

40,982

6,259

116,308
40,768
29,615
6,384

6,331

6,354

29,695
6.349

29,897
6.215

41,347
29,704
6,376

1,394
1,250
75

1,363
1,253
77

1,644

1,678
1,406
124

1,677

1,634
1,354

103,644
17,623
86,021
1,056

104,510
17,820

104,930

84,965

85,716

17,906
87,024
956
66,068

8,321
262

8,567
240

8,404
282

104,815
17,318
87,497
1,(31
86,366
8,541

4,996
2,554
2,153
15,958

5,043
2,717
2,052
15,289

4,897
2,551
2,036
16,196

4,725

4,814

15,584 j

14,921

4,712
2,404
2,010
15,804

Feb.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

115,023

116,037

40,314
29,265

40,654
29,656

6,391

1,416
1,284

CHARACTERISTIC
Civilian employed, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families

29,379

6,351

MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers

I

95

86,690
974

1,411

146

290

1,687
1,373
122

125

107

1,578
1,375
118

105,504 105,960 105,643
17,728
17,595 17,681
87,909 86,279 87,915
1.051
1,077
987

105,747

106,117

1,369

17,626

17,607

88,121
1,035
87,086
8,733
256

88,510
1,021
87,489

86,922
8,610
280

87,223
8,528

264

86,838
8,653
251

4,767

4,803
2,297
2,162
15.254

4,802
2,277
2,106
15,388

4,983
2,402
2,255
14,931

4,887
2,307
2,211
15,381

4,526 1 4,552
2,166 | 2,132
2,021
2,097
14,936 f 14,805

4,554
2,111
2,051
14,983

4,729
2,240

4,703
2,183
2,173
(4,924

8.626
313

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME*
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time

2,343 ; 2,536
2,102 I 2,009

1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey
period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.




4,987
2,314

2,339
15,150

4,722
2,129
2,272
14,707

2,314
2,082
15,368

2,172
14,515

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Range of unemployment measure* bated on varying definition* of unemployment and the labor force, seasonally adjusted
\Pcrce>

••)

Monthly data

Quarterly averages
Measure

1989

1989

1998

1990

D*ct

I

II

III

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

2,4

2.4

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.5

26

25

4.1

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.1

4.1

4.2

4.2

5.0

4.9

4.9

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

4.9

5.2

5.1

5.2

5.2

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.2

5.3

5.2

5.3

5.3

5.3

53

53

53

U-6 Total full-time jobseekers plus 1/2 part-time jobseekers plus
1/2 total on part time for economic reasons as a percent of
the civilian labor force less 1/2 of the part-time labor force

7.4

7.2

7.3

7.2

7.2

7.3

7.3

7.2

U-7 Total full-time jobseekers plus 1/2 part-time jobseekers
plus 1/2 total on part time for economic reasons plus discouraged
workers as a percent of the civilian labor force plus
discouraged workers less 1/2 of the part-time labor force

8.2

7.9

8.0

7.9

7.9

N.A.

N.A.

N.A.

... IV
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the
/*h/ilifin I A H O T f n r c o

•

• ** *******

*M*»f*#tt*t

•••

U-3 Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the
civilian labor force for persons 25 years and over

Jan.

Feb.

U-4 Unemployed full-time jobseekers as a percent of the
U-Sa Total unemployed as a percent of the labor force,
Including the resident Armed Forces
*
u.ct» Total unAiYiBiavad M m oercent of the civilian labor force

...,

N A = not available.

Table A-6. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)

Unemployment rates1

Category
Feb.
1989

Jan.
1990

6,360
3,504
2,827
2,856
2,361
1,172

6,535
3,597
2,983
2,93d
2.431
1,121

1,280
1,047

Feb.
1990

Feb.
1989

Oct
1989

Nov.

Dec.
1909

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

6,594
3,530
2,929
3,064
2,527
1,138

5.2
5.2
4.5
5.1
4.6
14.8

5.3
5.2
4,5
5.4
4.8
14.9

5.3
5.3
4.6
5.4
4.8
15.3

5.3
5.3
4.6
5.5
4.8
15.2

5.3
5.3
4.7
5.2
4.6
14.5

5.3
5.2
4.6
5.4
4.8
14.8

556

1,421
1,162
503

1,296
1,173
518

3.0
3.4
8.0

3.0
3.9
7.8

3.1
3.8
8.2

3.0
3.9
8.1

3.4
3.7
7.5

3.0
3.6
7.5

5,054
1.298

5,300
1,251

5,238
1,345

4.8
7.2
6.0

4.9
7.1
5.9

7.4
5.9

5.0
7.5
6.0

5.0
7.0
6.0

4.9
7.4
5.9

4,809
1,796
55
644

5,160
1,979
53
623
1,304
773

5,126

5.2
6.1
7.6
10.0
4.9
4.5
5.5
4.8
3.9
5.7
4.3
2.7
9.1

5.3
6.2
4.8
9.3
5.4
5.2
5.6
4.9
3.9
5.9
4,3
2.7
9.8

5.4
6.3
6.2
9.8
5.4
5.4
5.3
5.0
3.6
6.4
4.3
2.7
12.1

5.4
6.5
4.4
9.8
5.6
5.4
5.9
4.9
3.4
6.3
4.2
2.6
9.7

5.5
6.7
6.8
9.3
5.9
5.8
5.9
5.0
4.3
6.2
4.3
2.4
9.2

5.5
6.6
4.8
8.9
5.9
5.5
6.4
5.0
4.0
6.0
4.4
2.5
9.3

CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 18 to 19 years
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present..
Women who maintain families
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Labor force time lost*"!

«
INDUSTRY

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Goods-producing industries
fining

Construction
Manufacturing *................».,
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Service-producing industries
Transportation and public utrtrties
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers

,

1,097

590
507
3,013

249
1,319
1,445
482
164

1
Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
* Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for




531
3,181
271
1,484
1,426
428

166

1,938

36
599
1,303
722
581
3,189
259
1,453
1,477
443
161

economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Weeks of unemployment
Feb.
1989

T

Seasonally adjusted

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

Feb.
1989

3,447
2,294

3,067
2,555
1,511
345

3,212
1,894
1,300
660

3,166
1,995

666

640

Oct.
1989

Nov.
1989

Dec.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

DURATION
3,117

Less than 5 weeks
6 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

2,329

Median duration, in weeks

3,159
2,079

1,430
777

1,369

653

638

768
668

1,514
833
682

12.3
6.0

11.7
5.1

11.7
5.9

12.3
5.4

11.7
5.0

11.6
4.8

11.5
4.8

12.1
5.1

11.7
5.4

100.0
45.3
33.8
20.9
11.2
9.7

100.0
47.5
31.6
20.9
11.5
9.4

100.0
43.0
35.8
21.2
11.8
9.3

100.0
50.1
29.6
20.3
10.3
10.0

100.0
48.4
30.5
21.1
11.4
9.7

100.0
48.8
29.8
21.3
11.5
9.8

100.0
49.5
30.1
20.4
10.9
9.5

100.0
47.5
30.7
21.8
11.8
9.9

100.0
47.8
31.5
20.7
11.1
9.7

1,436

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

3.302
2,013
1,362
730
632

3,119
2,012

635

3,258
1,991
1,422
765
657

1,378
743

731

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over

,

Table A-8. Reason for unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Reasons

Oct
1989

Nov.
1989

Dec.
1989

Feb.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

3,382
1,042
2,340
1,005
1,799
696

3,819
1,543
2,276
1,113
1,772
552

3,646
1,282
2,365
1,030
1,837
619

2,879
783
2,096
980
1,767
757

2,979
780
2,199
994
1,890
685

3,092
969
2,123
1,049
1,845
695

3,097
957
2,140
1,055
1,853
686

3,183
1,033
2,150
1,016
1,730
640

3,103
964
2,139
1,006
1,805
680

100.0
49.1
15.1
34.0
14.6
26.1
10.1

100.0
52.6
21.3
31.4
15.3
24.4
7.6

100.0
51.1
18.0
33.2
14.4
25.8
8.7

100.0
45.1
12.3
32.8
15.4
27.7
11.9

100.0
45.5
11.9
33.6
15.2
28.9
10.5

100.0
46.3
14.5
31.8
15.7
27.6
10.4

100.0
46.3
14.3
32.0
15.8
27.7
10.3

100.0
48.5

100.0
47.1
14.6
32.4
15.3
27.4
10.3

2.8
.8
1.5
.6

3.1
.9
1.4
.4

3.0
.8
1.5
.5

2.3
.6
1.4
.6

2.4
.8
1.5
.6

2.5
.8
1.5
.6

2.5
.8
1.5
.6

2.6
.8
1.4
.5

Feb.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers
On layoff
Other iob losers

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

On lavoff
Other iob losers

15 J
32.7
15.5
26.3
9.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
New entrants




2.5
.8
1.4
.5

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)

Unemployment rates1

Sex and age
Feb.
1069
Total, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over

,

Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
:....
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
1

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

Feb.
1989

Oct.
1989

Nov.
1989

Dec.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

6,360
2,343
1,172
552
603
1,171
4,026
3,569
459

6,535
2,299
1,121
434
683
1,178
4,279
3,780
525

6,594
2,294
1,138
509
609
1,156
4,304
3,781
526

5.2
10.6
14.8
17.6
12.7
8.2
4.0
4.2
3.0

5.3
11.1
14.9
16.9
13.5
8.9
4.1
4.2
3.0

5.3
11.3
15.3
17.4
13.8
9.0
4.1
4.2
3.2

5.3
11.2
15.2
18.1
13.4
8.9
4.1
4.3
3.2

5.3
10.6
14.5
14.8
14.2
8.5
4.2
4.3
3.4

5.3
10.7
14.8
16.8
13.0
8.4
4.2
4.3
3.4

3,504
1,302
677
304
368
625
2,212
1,933
290

3,597
1,267
614
214
397
653
2.373
2,079
313

3,530
1,226
601
259
336
625
2,313
2,018
308

5.2
11.2
16.4
18.8
14.7
8.3
4.0
4.1
3.3

5.2
11.7
15.9
18.5
14.2
9.3
3.9
4.0
3.2

5.3
12.0
16.7
19.0
15.1
9.4
4.0
4.1
3.5

5.3
11.8
16.1
19.8
13.8
9.5
3.9
4.0
3.6

5.3
11.2
15.1
14.2
15.6
8.9
4.2
4,3
3.6

5.2
10.9
14.9
16.5
13.7
8.6
4.1
4.2
3.5

2,856
1,041
495
248
235
546
1,814
1,636

2,938
1,032
507
220
286
525
1,906
1,701
212

3,064
1,069
537
250
273
532
1,991
1,763
218

5.1
9.9
13.1
16.3
10.4
8.1
4.0
4.2
2.6

5.4
10.4
13.8
15.0
12.8
8.5
4.2
4.4
2.8

5.4
10.4
13.8
15.7
12.3
8.5
4.2
4.4
2.9

5.5
10.4
14.3
16.5
13.0
8.2
4.3
4.6
2.7

5.2
10.1
13.7
15.5
12.6
8.0
4.1
4.3
3.3

5.4
10.4
14.6
17.3
12.3
8.1
4.3
4.5
3.3

Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.

Table A-10. Employment status of black and other workers
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted1

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population...
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
,
Employment-population ratio2
Unemployed
,
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force

Feb.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

Feb.
1989

Oct.
1989

Nov.
1989

Dec.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

26,830
17,147
63.9
15,276
56.9
1,871
10.9
9,682

27,355
17,387
63.6
15,617
57.1
1,769
10.2
9,968

27,405
17,329
63.2
15,620
57.0
1,709
9.9
10,076

26,830
17,353
64.7
15,571
58.0
1,782
10.3
9,477

27,227
17,601
64.6
15,797
58.0
1,804
10.2
9,626

27,280
17,686
64.8
15,861
58.1
1,825
10.3
9,594

27,332
17,648
64.6
15.641
58.0
1,807
10.2
9,684

27,355
17,602
64.3
15,827
57.9
1,775
10.1
9,753

27,405
17,545
64.0
15.927
58.1
1,618
9.2
9,860

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation;
therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally
adjusted columns.




* Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Occupational status of the employed and unemployed, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian employed

Unemployed

Unemployment rate

Occupation
Feb.
1989

Feb.
1990

115,023

116,308

6,883

Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty

30,106
14,592
15,514

30,612
14,745
15,867

Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, including clerical...

35,400
3,569

Service occupations

15,537
910
1.950

Total. 16 years and over1

..,

Feb.
1990

Feb.
1989

Feb.
1990

7,134

5.6

5.8

602
378
224

588
326
262

2.0
2.5
1.4

1.9
2.2
1.6

36,777
3,887
14,135
18,754

1.478
102
623
752

1,642
130
759
753

4.0
2.8
4.4
4.0

4.3
3.2
5.1
3.9

12,678

15,279
770
1,992
12,517

1,043
35
80
928

1,120
47
60
1,013

6.3
3.7
3.9
6.8

6.8
5.8
2.9
7.5

13,466
4,596
4,705
4,165

13,431
4,408
5,005
4,018

985
169
60S
208

985
166
578
241

6.8
3.6

6.8

11.4
4.8

10.3
5.7

17,655
8,169
4,683
4,803
719
4,084

17,506
7,978
4,712
4,816
746
4,070

1,785
658
373
755
205
549

1,829
741
376
712
181
531

13.6
22.2
11.8

2,858

2,703

265

248

8.5

13,600
18.231

Private household

Feb.
1989

Service, except private household and protective
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing

9.2
7.5
7.4

3.6

9.5
8.5
7.4
12.9
19.5

11.5
8.4

1

Persons with no previous work experience and those whose last Job was
in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

Table A-12. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Civilian
noninstitutiona!
population

Veteran status
and age

Unemployed
Total

Employed
Number
Feb.
Feb.
.1999 . ,1999,

Percent of
labor force
Feb.
Feb.
1989
1990

Feb.
1989

Feb.
1990

Feb.
1989

Feb.
199Q

7.350
4,417
1,905
3,195
1,317
933

7,573
6,514
1.528
3,324
1.662
1,059

6,712
6,102
1,808
3,048
1.245
611

6,887
6.168
1,443
3,175
1,551
719

6,450
5.853
1,701
2,954
1,197
597

6,559
5,865
1,360
3.023
1,482
694

262
249
107
94
48
14

329
304
83
151
69
25

3.9
4.1
5.9
3.1
3.9
2.3

4.8
4.9
5.8
4.8
4.4
3.5

15,861
7,190
4,636
4,036

16,620
7,707
4,943
4,170

14,820
6.786
4,344
3,690

15,784
7,331
4,612
3.842

14.196
6,491
4,143
3,562

15.178
7,070
4,422
3.687

624
295
201
128

606
261
190
155

4.2
4.3
4.6
3.5

3.8
3.6
4.1
4.0

Feb.
1989

Feb.
1990

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 35 years and over
35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 years and over

»...«

NONVETERANS
Total, 35 to 49 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years

•

» ....
...

*•*•

*

•

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed
Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men
who have never served in the Armed Forces; published data are limited to
those 35 to 49 years of age, the group that most closely corresponds to
the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population. Data for 30-to 34-year-otd




veterans are no longer shown in this table because the group is rapidly
disappearing (into the 35-39 age category) and the numbers remaining for
some labor force categories are not large enough to warrant their
continued publication.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employment status of the civilian population for eleven large States
(Numbers in thousands)
Seasonally adjusted2

Not seasonally adjusted1
£tate and employment status

Feb.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

Feb.
1989

Oct.
1989

Nov.
1989

Dec.
1989

Jan.
1990

Feb.
1990

21,278
14,280
13,493
787
5.5

21,718
14,442
13,647
794
5.5

21,756
14,433
13,662
772
5.3

21,278
14,341
13,613
728
5.1

21,602
14,673
13,955
718
4.9

21,642
14,653
13,913
740
5.1

21,680
14,627
13,854
773
5.3

21,718
14,491
13,734
757
5.2

21,756
14,496
13,784
712
4.9

9,804
5,976
5,665
311
5.2

10,015
6,184
5,823
361
5.8

10,034
6,270
5,905
365
5.8

9,804
6,071
5,745
326
5.4

9,959
6,225
5,864
361
5.8

9,979
6,258
5,905
353
5.6

9,997
6,245
5,883
362
5.8

10,015
6,289
5,940
349
5.5

10,034
6,369
5,989
380
6.0

8,817
5,976
5,607
369
6.2

8,854
6,006
5,595
412
6.9

8,857
5,979
5,587
392
6.6

8,817
6,031
5,699
332
5.5

8,845
6,031
5,636
395
6.5

8,849
6,065
5,669
396
6.5

8,851
6,039
5,661
378
6.3

8,854
6,064
5,673
391
6.4

8,857
6,029
5,674
355
5.9

4,617
3,180
3,055
125
3.9

4,619
3,122
2,967
155
5.0

4,619
3,174
2,991
183
5.8

4,617
3,212
3,100
112
3.5

4,619
3,138
2,997
141
4.5

4,619
3,165
3,025
140
4.4

4,619
3,172
3,027
145
4.6

4,619
3,152
3,011
141
4.5

4,619
3,203
3,034
169

6,979
4,553
4,244
309
6.8

6,993
4,591
4,158
433
9.4

6,993
4,55&
4,186
370

8.1

6,979
4,603
4,309
294
6.4

6,990
4,658
4,286
372
8.0

6,991
4,626
4,287
339
7.3

6,992
4,645
4,310
335
7.2

6,993
4,645
4,254
391
8.4

6,993
4,605
4,250
355
7.7

6,034
4,021
3.841
180
4.5

6,030
3,980
3,773
207
5.2

6,029
4,038
3,838
200
5.0

6,034
4,014
3,854
160
4.0

6,032
4,021
3,828
193
4.8

6,032
4,034
3,834
200
5.0

6,031
4,006
3,857
149
3.7

6,030
3,994
3,810
184
4.6

6,029
4,029
3,848
181
4.5

13,806
8,618
8,140
477
5.5

13,803
8,741
8,263
478
5.5

13,801
8,680
8,206
474
5.5

13,806
8,674
8,235
439
5.1

13,806
8,674
8,253
421
4.9

13,806
8,738
8,278
460
5.3

13,804
8,762
8,278
484
5.5

13,803
8,709
8,300
409
4.7

13,801
8,730
8,294
436
5.0

4,915
3,340
3,214
126
3.8

4,971
3,332
3,179
153
4.6

4,975
3,371
3,239
132
3.9

4,915
3,362
3,248
114
3.4

4,956
3,385
3,275
110
3.2

4,961
3,373
3,275
98
2.9

4,966
3,396
3,289
107
3.2

4,971
3,361
3,237
124
3.7

4,975
3,395
3,274
121
3.6

8,252
5,355
5,043
312
5.8

8,274
5,391
4,979
412
7.6

8,275
5,344
4,998
346
6.5

8,252
5,386
5,109
277
5.1

8,269
5,462
5,135
327
6.0

8,271
5,415
5,081
334
6.2

8,272
5,442
5,110
332
6.1

8,274
5,426
5,060
366
6.7

8,275
5.372
5,061

California
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force ..
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Illinois
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Massachusetts
Civilian noninstitutional population ....
Civilian labor force
.
Employed
......;....
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

5.3

Michigan
Civilian noninstitutional population ...
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Jersey
Civilian noninstitutional population .
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New York
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
North Carolina
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Ohio
Civilian noninstitutional population ,
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
See footnotes at end of table.




311
5.8

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employment status of the civilian population for eleven large States—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted1
State and employment status

Seasonally adjusted2

Feb.
1989

Jan.
1990

9,358
5,788
5,506
283
4.9

9,378
5,860
5,513
348
5.9

9,379
5,883
5,510
373
6.3

9,358
5,878
5,625
253
4.3

9,374
5,803
5,530
273
4.7

9,376
5,910
5,598
312
5.3

9,377
5,880
5,575
305
5.2

9,378
5,875
5,568
307
5.2

9,379
5,966
5,623
343
5.7

12,157
8,273
7,662
611
7.4

12,300
8,321
7,840
481
5.8

12,312
8,375
7,788
588
7.0

12,157
8,391
7,822
569
6.8

12,263
8,460
7,908
552
6.5

12,276
8,450
7,854
596
7.1

12,288
8,423
7,866
557
6.6

12,300
8,440
7,999
441
5.2

12,312
8,494
7,949
545
6.4

Feb.
1990

Feb.
1989

Oct.
1989

Nov.
1989

Dec.
1989

Jan.
1990

1990

Pennsylvania
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Texas
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate

1
These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used in the
administration of Federal fund allocation programs.
2
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore,




identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted
columns.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-l. Employees on honagricultural payrolls by industry
(In thousands)

Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Jan.
I Feb.
| Feb.
1989
1990p/ |1990fi/

I
I
I
I Oct. I Nov. I Dec. U a n .
JFeb.
I 1989 I 1989 I 1989 11990c' |

j106,3*21110,416j108,3421103,869 107,7111 109,1711109 4521109,.57BI109, 9021110,274

Total
Total Private
Goods-producing industries.

90,1241 91,3281 91 ,6221 91,•699| 9 1 ,9911 92,335

24,9611 25,512| 24,9361 24,953

25,6291 25,6031 25 ,6091 25,,532! 25, 513| 25,664

I

I

740|
7 34|
731
6961
Mining
7111
394!
389.21 420.11 418.11 414.5
Oil and gas extraction.
I 4,7471 5,240| 4,9701 4,927 5,2701
Construction
1,398|
|1,284.7|U388.O|1,334.6|1,318.7
General building contractors.
i
I
I
1 19,5181 19,5321 19,2321 19,3251 19,648!
Manufacturing
Production workers.
j 13,3181 13,292j 13,022) 13,125| 13,426j
I 11,5361 11,452 11,236! 11,3411 11.594!
Durable goods
7,4171 7,529i 7,749i
Production workers.
I 7,702! 7,612
I
754.7) 757.0
745.81 742.01
Lumber and wood products
7781
534.11 528.5j 523.51 522.21
Furniture and fixtures
5541
534.61 594.3
580.51 57 9.7 1
Stone, clay, and glass products
608|
773.0
766.61 770.01
Primary metal industries
786|
I 786.81
275.91 270.1
269.91 268.51
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
2761
*ll,452;2(l,434.5 1,403.311,412.21
Fabricated metal products
1,4581
12,141.312,151.4 2,142.8(2,141.71
Machinery, except electrical
2,133)
Electrical and electronic equipment
2,C'2|
|2,058.4|2,004.4|l,992.6|l,9S5.5l
Transportation equipment
!
I 2,068.6 12,042.411,920.6 I 2,025,01 ,067!
870.31 838.01 720.3! 824.41
Motor vehicles and equipment
871|
770.71 776.91 775,51 775.61
Instruments and related products
7721
585.01 389.51 384.51 3A6.6I
5:';.|
Miscellaneous manufacturing

I

Nondurable goods
Production workers.
Food and kindred products
Tobacco ni3nufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products.
Ppper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products.
Leather and leather products
Service-producing industries.

I
I

88,4631 92,2321 90,4431 90,63?

7,9821
5,6161

I

8,080]
5,6801

I

7,996 1 7,9841
5,6051 5,596!

S,05<f|
5,677|

I

7311
4091

I

5,3351
1,3861

I

19,5371
13,3071

I

11,457!.
7,6151

737!
4141

739!
416)

t

746!
419)

I

,3551 5,,304) 5, 4081 5,468
,3911 l,,388 1 1,4231 1,435
19,,5171 19,.4891 19, 3591 19,449
13,,276! 13,,2621 13,
13,227
1
I
__,439 11 ,4091 11, 288! 11,394
11,
7,594
7 ,5791 7, 4551 7,571

7641
5251
6001
7761
271!
1,4341
2,1391
2,0!8|
2,0311
8331
7791
391!

7651
525)
6021
772]
2691
1,4501
2,1461
2,0121
2,0201
824!
778|
359!

7651
523!
6001
7711
2701
,4261
,1451
,9921
,022|
8251
7741
391!
9!

770|
522!
6011
766)
270|
1, 406|
2, 1411
1, 9S9I
1,9231
728|
776)
3941

765
522
603
770
269
1,416
2,137
1,939
2,023
825
777
392

8,0801
5,692)

,0781
,6821

8 ,0801
5 ,6831

8, 0711
5, 6751

8,055
5,656

I

I

I
1,6761

I

.11,595.6 11,666.311,632.511,623.31
l,650J
,673! 1 ,6761 • 1,
680| 1,679
.1
56.2! 53.81
53.4! 51.9!
56{
511
511
51!
51
511
.1 726.21 720.1! 716.il 712.91
728|
724|
7211
7191
719)
714
.11,096.211,080.1 1,064.711,064.11
1,0961 1,0841 1,0841 1 ,081! 1, 073! 1,063
.! 691.2! 698.8
691.61 6&9.2I
696!
697
697!
697!
6951
694
.11,594.6)1,629.0 1,622.5)1,627.4) 1,5951 1,612
1,6171 1 ,6211 1,624| 1,627
.11,080.311,099.9 1,096.911,101.11
l,085| 1.096
1,0981 1 ,103| 1, 104| 1,107
.1 157.11 161.2 159.41 159.4|
161|
159.4)
164J
1641
1631
163!
164
8371
826 1
835)
821
.! 842.1 834.1 823.7! 821.0)
843|
832!
139|
134.7)
134.11
1361
135
138
1
1371
.1 142.1 136.9 134.71I 134.11
I 144|
81,381 84,904 83,4061 83,8861 82,082! 83,5681 83,8451 84 ,0381 8 4 , 389! 84,610

1

Transportation and public utilities..
Transportation
Communication and public utilities.

5,5971
3,395
2,202

5,881
3,664
2,217t

5,7S9|
3,5821
2,207!

5,801!
3,592!
2,2091

5,667 j 5,7291
-3,453) 3,566
2,2141 2,163

5,7531
3,592!
2,1611

,8341
,6131
,2211

5,8551
3 637|
2 2181

Wholesale trade
Durable goods
Nondurable goods

6.1151
3,6341
2,4811

6,314
3,746
2,568

6,281!
3,735)
2,5461

6,2691
3,7331
2,5361

6,171!
3,657}
I,5i4j

6,300!
3,7371
2,56 31

,3111
,7461
,5651

6, 3311
3,7541
2, 577)

19,5341 1 9 , 3 3 2 !
2,558.412,425.11
3,348.8 3,328.4!
2,141.5 2,141.7
6,148.5 6,195.6

1 9 , 4 60|
0|
2,•'.*!":
3,2121
2,1501
6,3321
6,7631
3,311|
2,116!
1,336!

.1 18,9371 20,349
Retail trade
. 12,<;05.212,769.1
General merchandise stores
.13,177.013,410.7
Food stores
.
Automotive dealers and service stations. .12,118.0)2,152.3
.(6,062.116,393.8
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real estate

I

I

6,6981
3,293!
2,1141
1,286!

6,867
6,835
3,357 j 3,348
2,1441 2,150
1.3661 1,337

I

6,847
3,351
2,157
1,339

I

6,278
3,7211
2,557!

19,679! 19,744!
2>478|
492)
3,5211
334
2,1691
169
6,4031
417
6,8511
3,345
2,134
1,372

8711
357)
138|
376 1
|
27,188) 2?,345!
5,
5,327 I 5,8521
7,442j
7 , 7 7 6 ! 7,8391

Services
Business services.
Health services...

I 26,1551 27,3091 27,068 2 7 , 4 0 5
|5,634.8|5,881.215,786.4|5,SOI.8
I 7,424.II7,875.317,910.8|7,966.lj

Government.
Federal..
State
Local

| 17,8791 18,1841 17,899| 18,2321 1 7 , 5 8 7 ) 17,843
2,969! 2,9741 2,974| 2,9751 2 , 9 8 2 |
2,984
4,189) 4,2431
4,124| 4,2541 4 , 0 9 5 1 4,153
10,7211 10,9671 10,801! 11,0031 1 0 , 5 1 0 ! 10,706

p = preliminary.




747
420

I

I

A

I

I

I

I

I

L

17,8301
2,9821
4,1621
10,686)

5,876
3,654
2,222
6,325
3,756
2,569

,7181 19, 831! 19,848
,4701 2,491! 2,498
,3411 3, 366! 3,362
,163| 2, 1681 2,172
,4321 6, 459| 6,467
885!
360)
144|
3311

6,8971
3, 5551
2, 1541
1,3381

6,912
3,361
2,159
1,392

419| 2 7 , 564| 2 7 , 7 1 0
8521 5,8361 5 , 9 0 2
884| 7, 9551 7 , 9 8 2
8711 17,9111 17.939
974| 2,9921 2,990
156 1 4,1611 4,162
741) 10,75S| 10,787

I

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory w o r k e r s ! / on p r i v a t e n o n a g r i c u l t u r a l

T"

Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Industry
Feb.
1989
34.3

Dec.
1989

Jan. |Feb.
1990 E / |1990E/

p a y r o l l s by industry

Feb.
1989

Oct.
1989

I
Nov.
1989

I

I Dec.
| 1989

I

Jan.
I Feb.
1990£/ |1990£/

34.2 | 34.3

34.6

34.7

34.6

34.5

34.5 !

34.6

43.7

43.2

43.0

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

C2)

36.2

37.0

37.6

37,2

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

40.8
Manufacturing
3.8
Overtime hours.
41.5
Durable goods
.1 4.0
Overtime hours.
Lumber and wood products
j 39.0
Furniture and fixtures
I 39.1
Stone, clay, and glass products
I 41.1
Primary metal industries. .
I 43.4
Blast furnaces and basic steel products..! 43.7
Fabricated metal products
I 41.6
Machinery, except electrical
I 42.5
Electrical and electronic equipment
I 40.6
Transportation equipment
I 43.0
Motor vehicles and equipment
I 43.8
41.5
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . ,
I 39.2

41.3
3.9

40.6
3.5

40.4
3.4

41.1
3.9

40.8 |
3.7 j

40.7
3.7

40.6
3.6

40.7
3.7

40.7
3.6

41.9
4.0

41.2
3.6

41.1
3.5

41.8
4.1

41.2
3.8

41.2
3.7

41.2
3.6

41.3
3.6

39.7
39.3
41.2
42.7
43.4
41.3
42.2
40.9
41.5
41.0
39.1

39.4
38.8
40.9
42.5
43.4
41.0
42.1
40.7
41.8
41.6
41.0
39.1

39.6
39.7
42.2
43.4
43.8
41.9
42.6
40
43
43.9
41.5
39.5

40.4
39.2
42.3
42.5
42.8
41.5
42.0
40.9
41.2
42.9
41.1
39.3

40.3
39.4
42.4
42.6
43.0
41.4
42.1
40.8
40.9
42.3
41.0
39.7

40.1
39.2 j
41,
42.5
42.8
41.2
42.0
40.5
41.9
42.
40.
39.3

39.8
3.5

40.2
40.3
41.4
43.1
43.2
42.1
43.0
41 5 I
42.6
42.9
41.S
40.0
40.4
3.8

41,2
3.7
40.3
39.7
42.1
42.6
43.4
41.2
42.1
40.7
41.4
41.0
41.2
39.3

39.8
3.5

39.5
3.3

40.2
3.7

40.2
3.7

40.1
3.6

39.9
3.6

39.9
3.6

39.9
3.5

39.6
37.8
40.5
36.9
42.9
37.7
42.3
44.0
41.6
37.8

41.2
38.1
40.6
36.7
43.9
38.2
43 3 I
45.4
41.5 .
37.7 I

40.3
37.6
40.
36.3
43.X
37.5
42.5
43.3
41.0
37.2

39.7
37.3
39.7
36.4
42.6
37.7
42.0
44.0
41.0
37.3

40.3
C2>
40.8
37.1
43.2
38.0
42.3
(2)
41.7
38.6

40.8
(2)
40.7
36.9
43.4
37.8
42.4
(2)
41.4
37.7

40.8
(2)
40.5
36.8
43.4
37.9
42.3
(2)
41.2
37.5

40.6 I
(2) |
40.2 f
36.3 |
43.1
37.6
42.7
(2)
40.8
37.2

40.5
C2)
40.5
36.6
43.1
37.8
42.5
(2)
40.8
37.4

40.4
(2)
40.0
36.6
42.9
37.9
42.1
(2)
41.1
38.0

Transportation and public utilities

39.1

39.3 I

38.8

39.1

39.4

39.3

39.1

39.3

39.1

39.4

Wholesale trade

37.8

38.2 I 37.8

37.7

38.1

38.1

38.1

38.0

38.0

38.0
28.9

Total private.
Mining

41.7

Construction

Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products

I
j

34.7

41

39.9
39.4
42.0
42.5
43.5
41.2
42.2
41.0
41.8
41.6
41.0
39.4

• • j 28.3

29.2

28.1

28.3

28.9

29.0

28.8

28.7

28.8

Finance, insurance, and real estate

35.8

35.7

35.7

35.9

C2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

C2)

(2)

Services.

32.4

32.5 I

32.4

32.5

32.5

32.8

32.6

32.6

32.5

32.6

Retail trade

1/ Data relate to production workers in mining and
manufacturing; construction workers in construction;
and nonsuporvisory workers in transportation and
public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance;
insurance* and real estate; and services. Those groups
account for approximately four-fifths of the total
employees on private nonagricultural payrolls.




2/ These series are not published seasonally
adjusted since the seasonal component is small
relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular
components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficent precision.
P = preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workersl/ on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry
Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Industry
Feb.
1989
Total private
Seasonally adjusted.
Mining
Construction..
Manufacturing.
Durable goods.
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products.
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products.
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products.
Leather and leather products
Transportation and public utilities.

Dec.
1989

1

$9.84
$9.55
9.52 I 9.83

"I

Dec.
1989

Jan.
|Feb.
| Feb.
1990 E / 1990fi/
1989
$9.87
9.82 |

$9.90
9.87

$327.57 $341.451$337.55|$339.57
329.39 339.141 338.791 341.50

13.31
13.27 | 13.33
13.64 j
13.41 I 13.41
I
10.38
10.67 I 10.59
10.69
11.18
11.06
10.91
11.20
9.00
8.69
8.96
9.02
8.42
8.08
8.46
8.39
10.88
10.62
10.84
10.87
12.52
12.27
12.66
12.54
14.40
14.13
14.50
14.63
10.69
10.46
10.55
10.65
11.57
11.23
11.50
11.51
10.52
10.26
10.51
10.56
13.93
13.59
13.59
13.98
14.49
14.19
13.79
14.49
10.14 | 10.49
10.53
10.54
8.23 I 8.60
8.59
8.60
13.22

551.271 581.65

573.26

573.19

478.201 504.68

504.22

498.85

423.501 440.67

429.95

431.88

452.771
335.911
315.931
436.481
532.521
617.481
435.141
477.281
416.561
584.371
621.521
420.811
322.621

468.44
361.80
339.33
450.43
539.61
622.08
450.05
497.51
436.58
593.42
621.62
438.48
344.00

455.67
355.71
332.48
447.84
535.46
629.30
435.72
485.30
429.86
563.99
565.39
434.89
335.87

460.32
355.39
325.53
443.36
538.05
634.94
436.65
484.57
429.79
584.36
602.78
432.14
336.26

382.881
366.70
557.55
307.40
233.21
506.22
404.90
544.82
679.80 j
387.30!
245.321

401.98
391.40J
583.311
319.521
236.72
532.95
422.87
576.32j
715.50
397.57

396.41
382.041
588.06 1
318.381
232.681
524,101
416.25!
566.101
688.471
394.011

253.72

253.33|

394.21
377.15
580.76
315.22
234.78
518.02
419.60
556.08
715.44
394.83
254.01

501.47

495.09

405.68

400.30

194.47

189.39

9.95

9.62
9.26
14.75
7.59

6.32
11.80
10.74
12.88
15.45

9.50
15.31
7.87
6.45
12.14
11.07
13.31
15.76

12.50

6.73
12.76

9.31
6.49

9.58

Retail trade

6.47 I

Finance, insurance, and real estate.

9.47

Services

9.28 |

|

6.66 j
9.76 |
9.69 |

I

9.96
9.48
15.64
7.92
6.41
12.16
11.10
13.32
15.90
9.61
6.81

9.98
9.50
15.57
7.94
6.45
12.16
11.13
13.24
16.26
9.63
6.81

12.76

12.77 | 488.751

I
I
I
I

10.59

10.62

I 386.691

6.74

6.74

183.101

9.83

9.84

339.031

9.73

9.75

348.43
300.671 314.93

I
1/

|Jan.
|Feb.
|1990fi/ 1 9 9 0 P /

13.21

10.23 1 10.62

Wholesale trade

I

See footnote 1, table B-2.

350.93
315.25

JL

P = preliminary.

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workersl/ on private
nonagricultural payrolls by industry, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Total private2/t
Current dollars
Constant (1977) dollars3/
Construction
I
Manufacturing
(
Excluding overtimes/
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
I
Finance, insurance, and real estatej
Services
1/ See footnote 1, table B-2.
2/ Includes mining, not shown separately,
because its seasonal component is too small
to be separated out with sufficient
precision.
5/ The Consumer Price Index for Urban
Wage Earners and Clerical Norkers CCPI-N) is
used to deflate this series.




Percent
change
Feb. I
from:
1990 £ / U a n . 1990Feb. 1990

0.5
(4)
.7
1.2
1.3
-.1
.3
.4
-.4
.3
4/ Change was -1.3 percent from December
1989 to January 1990, the latest month
available.
5/ Derived by assuming that overtime
hours are paid at the rate of time and onehalf.
fl.A. = not available. .
£/ = preliminary.

499.31
4.00.37
190.74
353.26
316.88

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B~5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers.!/ on private nonagricultural
payrolls by industry
(1977*100)
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Total private
Goods-producing industries.
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing

. .

I Feb. Dec.
1989 1989

Jan.
1990jo/

Feb.
1990fi/

.1123.3 130.4

Seasonally adjusted,.
Feb.
1989

Oct.
1989

Nov.
1989

125.8

126,2

127.2 129.2 129.1 128.8

129.4

130.3

102.1

98.1

97.9

102.9 102.4 102.5 101.1

102.1

102.8

77.2

87.2

85.1

84.1

118.4 136.0

129.3

126.6

96.2

92.7

95.0

95.3

85.3

86.5

87.1

140.5 143.8 145.8 139.5

149.2

150.0

80.1

85.5

86.2

93.7

94.4

95,0 92
91.9 91.6
90.3
104,5 104 .2 103.9 103.2 104,4
113.7 109
110,2 109
110.3
89
90
9 0 0 87
89.4
68.7 65
65,6
65
65.0
53.4 51 1 50,
51.11 51.5
92.8 89
88.51 86.9
89
92
92.4
93
92.6
92
97
99
95.0
95.4
96
101.0 94
95.0
86.0
92
91.1 84.
82.41 67.7
8
82
115.6 116. 115.2 114.4 116.1
86.4 86.
2 UI
87.2

91.8
102.7
109.4
89.2
65.6
51.4
87.9
92.8
96.2
94.3
81.6
116.1
86.8

98.7
105.5
67.3
78.4
82.4
101.7
139.9
102.3
82.4
114.2

98,
104,
68,
76.9
81.5
101.0
141.0
101,2
84.9
114.2

96.7

95.2

94.8

97 .3 100.O!
96 .2 105.81
I 73 .3] 72.61
I 79 .51 78,71
I 85 .0 83.11
1100 .6 104.21
1137 .0 142.31
103
I 99 .81103.8)
84,4|
I 79 II 84,4
1119 7J117.6
55 21 53.0

97.1
101.1
70.5
77,6
80.9
101.1
138.8
101.4
79.8
114.3
51.3

96.3
98.8
67.1
76.0
81.1
99.5
140.1
100,5
80
114,0
51.3

99.3
102.2
74.1
80.4
85.5
101.
138.4
100.0
83,3
120.0
57.0

Service-producing industries....,...,

137 21146.0

141.0

141.9

140.6 144.0 143.9

Transportation and public utilities.

113 8 120,9

117.0

118.2

116.2 117.4 117.3

1123.3 128.8! 126.5
1

126.3

125.9 128.0 128.3

Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance* and real estate.
Services.
See footnote \, table B-2.




I
Jan.
|Feb.
1990E/ 1990E/

I 98.2

89.7
90,
93 9 93.7
Durable goods
, .'
99.5
99 5 102.2
98,
Lumber and wood products
. . ..
112, 3 113.7 109.6
108,
Furni ture and fixtures
86.41 83.9
84
Stone* clay* and glass products
83,
65.3 | 65.4
68, 6j 66
Primary metal industries
,
51.5 I 51.1
-"
Blast furnaces and basic steel products. j 53 31 51,11
87.2
I 91 6 91.01 86.7
Fabricated metal products
93.0
92.9
I 93, 6 94.9
Machinery, except electrical
96.3
95.3
99, 3 98.2
Electrical and electronic equipment
,
86.3
94.8
Transportation equipment
• . .. 101 21 97.8
91, 71 85.4
67.2
81.4
Motor vehicles and equipment
115 61117.6 116.2
X16.0
Instruments and related products
84, 2 87.1
84.0
84.6
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures.
Textile nill products
Apparel and other textile products.
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products.
Leather and leather products

Dec.
1989

99 6 99
105 9 105
67 61 66
79 ,5| 78
84 01 83
102 .8(102
138 31139
101 81101 .5
85.6 8 5 . 3
118.1 116.8
53.8 53.0

122.9
.1120.6 134.51 123.7
I
I
I
144.1
139,81143.91 143.0 I

140.8 145.0 143.8

163.71171.31 168.9 I 171.4

166.11172.2 172.0

126,7 128.4

128.3

P

s

94.5

98.7
105.0
66.2
78.1
82.4
102.1
138.8
102.8
85.6
115.3
52.1

52.4

52.8

144,1

144.6

145.5

119.8

119.3

120.9

128.1

128.7

128,6

127.6

128.7

129.1

144.1

144.3

145.5

172.4

172.7

174.1

preliminary.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B**6.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

(Percent)

I Jan .

^ span

I Feb.

I Mar.

I

Apr.

| May

June

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct .

I Nov.

I Dec.

Private nonagricultural payrolls, 349 industries!/
Over 1-month spam
1988
1989
1990

.1

60.7
68.3
E/60.3

Over 3-month spam
1988
1989
1990

64.8
71.6
fi/58.2

63.5
60,5
J2/55.9

63.0
61.0

62.8
58.2

61.3
55.6

67.2
59.7

63.6
55.6

58 .0
57 .4

55.4
47.9

63 .9
55 .3

68 .2
60 .9

64.6
51.9

65.6
70.1

69.5
64.5

70.2
61.9

71.1
61.6

71.9
60.7

71.2
61.6

64 .2
53 .4

65.3
54.6

70 .1
55 .7

73 .4
57 .2

74.6
E/61.7

75.8

Over 6-month span>
1988
1989
1990

69.9
75.1

70.2
69.5

71.5
68.2

73.9
66.0

73.9
63.0

69.1
57.9

70.2
57.7

74 .6
60 .2

73.5
53.4

73 .9
£/59 .0

74 .5
fi/58• 2

Over 12-month spam
1988
1989
1990

76.2
73.2

76.1
73.6

74.8
69.6

74.6
67.6

75.8 .
66.6

74.9
62.6

78,1
E/63.9

75
fi/64!o

75.5

74 .8

74 .9

74.1

1

Manufacturing payrolls, 141 industries!/
Over 1-month spans
1988
1989
1990

I

58.5
62.4

IE/46.5

56.0
53.5
E'46.1

55 .0
53 .2

59
49

58.5
46.8

61.7
48.6

49.6

61.0
63.8

6 2 .4
55 .7

64,
51.

67.4
49.3

67.0
48.6

64..5 I
47.9 I

66.0
40.1

70.9

59.j6

51,
45,

49.3
34.8

62.8
52,1

64.9
48.2

62.1
41.8

66.7
41.5

71.3 I 70.9

70.9
41.8

68.8
34.4

71.6
E'39.7

74.1

E /38.3

69.1
E'42.6

71.6

70.2

69.9

67.0

58.5
44.7

I
Over 3-month span*
1988
1989
1990

I
| 63.1
| 67.4
|£/43.3

Over 6-month spam
1988
1989
1990

66.3
69.5

66.3 | 67.7 |
58.5 | 55.7

69.5
52.8

66.7
48.9

64.2
39.0

Over 12-month spam
1988
1989
1990

73.8
63.1

70.2
63.8

71.6
53.5

72.0
49.6

69.9

46.5

IE'42.9

•I

70.9
57.1

1/ Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-.and 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the
12-month span. Data are centered within the span.
p=preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with




42.9

IE/43.6

69.9

employment increasing plus one- half of the
industries with unchanged employment, where
50 percent indicates an equal balance
between industries with increasing and
decreasing employment.