Full text of The Employment Situation : February 1986
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United States
INgWS asr
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Technical information: (202) 523-1371
523-1944
523-1959
Media contact:
523-1913
Washington, D.C. 20212
USDL
86-92
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS
RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL
8:30 A.M. (EST), FRIDAY,
MARCH 7, 1986
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: FEBRUARY 1986
Unemployment rose in February, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the
U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The overall unemployment rate,
7.2 percent, and the rate for civilian workers, 7.3 percent, each increased
six-tenths of a percentage point from January, returning to the levels that
prevailed during the first half of last year.
The two surveys produced contrasting employment developments in
February.
The number of nonagricultural payroll jobs—as measured by the
monthly survey of business establishments—rose by 225,000, seasonally
adjusted, despite declines in the goods-producing industries. Total
civilian
employment—as
measured
by
the
monthly
survey
of
households—declined
by 400,000, following an increase of the same
magnitude in January (after allowance is made for population adjustments
introduced into the survey In January). Half of the decline was among
agricultural workers, who are not covered by the payroll survey.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
Civilian unemployment rose by 700,000 to 8.5 million in February.
This unusual increase was concentrated in certain groups in the economy.
Two-thirds occurred in just three states—California, Texas, and Illinois;
one-quarter was among Hispanics; and almost three-quarters was among
workers aged 25 and over. (See tables A-2, A-3, and A-13.)
The civilian unemployment rate rose 0.6 percentage point in February
to 7.3 percent, seasonally adjusted. The jobless rate had been improving
slowly since last summer, and February's rise returns it to the level that
prevailed throughout the first half of 1985. Most major labor force groups
showed increases in their jobless rates. Rates for adult men (6.2 percent)
and women (6.7 percent) and full-time workers (6.9 percent) were all about
half a point higher than in the previous month. Joblessness for part-time
workers rose a full point to 9.4 percent. The teenage unemployment, rate,
at 19.0 percent, was not significantly different from a month earlier.
While the rates for whites (6.4 percent) and Hispanics (12.3 percent) were
jfo.
•
- 2 up sharply, that for blacks (14.8 percent) was at the same general level of
recent months. (See tables A-2, A-3, and A-6.)
The rise in unemployment was evident in all duration categories, such
that the median and mean were about unchanged in February, at 6.9 and 15.3
weeks, respectively. Unemployment increases were concentrated among those
Tabic At Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
Quarterly
averages
Monthly data
Jan.Feb.
change
Category
1985
1985
III
1
IV
Dec.
1986
Jan.
Feb.*
HOUSEHOLD DATA
117,189
108,921
115,468
107,200
8,268
62,946
1,246
Thousands of persons
117,858 117,927 118,477 118,779
109,696 109,904 110,646 110,252
116,158 116,229 116,786 117,088
107,996 108,206 108,955 108,561
8,162
8,023
8,527
7,831
62,783 62,883 62,885 62,733
1,187
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
302
-394
302
-394
696
-152
N.A.
Percent of labor force
Unemployment rates:
7.1
7.2
6.1
6.7
18.3
6.2
14.8
10.6
6.9
7.0
6.0
6.4
19.0
6.0
15.1
10.7
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Nonfarm payroll employment..
7.2
7.3
6.2
6.7
19.0
6.4
14.8
12.3
0.6
99,086 p99,507 p99,733
25,155 p25,317 p25,249
73,931 p74,190 p74,484
p226
p-68
p294
6.8
6.9
5.9
6.2
18.8
5.9
14.9
10.4
6.6
6.7
5.7
6.1
18.4
5.7
14.4
10.1
.6
.5
.6
.6
.7
.4
2.2
•Riousands of jobs
97,967
24,986
72,981
98,815
25,098
73,717
Hours of work
Average weekly hours:
Manufacturing overtime.•.•
35.1
40.5
3.3
35.1
40.8
3.5
\J Includes the resident Armed Forces.
p»preliminary.
35.1
41.0
3.6
p35.2
p40.9
p3.5
p35.0
p40.6
p3.4
p-0.2
p-.3
p-.l
N.A.»not available,
- 3 who lost their jobs and do not expect recall ("other job losers") and among
labor force entrants, particularly reentrants. The number of job leavers
and those on layoff were unchanged. (See tables A-7 and A-8.)
Civilian Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
Civilian employment fell almost 400,000 to 108.6 million in February,
offsetting gains made in the previous month.
Half of the February
employment reduction came in agriculture.
Adult men and women had
reductions in employment of 320,000 and 270,000, respectively, while
employment among teens rose 200,000. The employment-population ratio—the
proportion of the civilian population with jobs—declined 0.2 percentage
point to 60.4 percent, matching December's figure.
Except for January's
60.6 percent, these proportions are the highest ever recorded.
The civilian labor force grew by 300,000 to 117.1 million in February.
This was about 1.8 million higher than a year earlier (after correcting for
revisions in the underlying population estimates that were introduced in
January).
Adult women accounted for over 1 million of this increase, and
adult men added about 850,000, while teenagers were about unchanged.
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
The number of employees on nonagricultural payrolls increased by
225,000 in February to 99.7 million, after seasonal adjustment. The
overall change was marked by a continuation of strength within the
service-producing sector that was partially offset by declines in the
goods-producing industries. The weakness in the goods sector was reflected
in the fact that only about half of the industries in the BLS index of
diffusion posted gains, in contrast to more widespread increases in the
previous 4 months. (See tables B-l and B-6.)
In the service-producing sector, the largest over-the-month gains took
place in services and retail trade—nearly 120,000 in each, after seasonal
adjustment. Taken together, their employment increased by 1.9 million over
the year, accounting for nearly two-thirds of the jobs added to payrolls
over this period. Sizable over-the-month employment increases also took
place
in finance, insurance, and real estate and wholesale trade.
Altogether, employment rose by 295,000 in the service-producing sector.
Within the goods-producing sector, mining jobs fell by 15,000. All of
this decline occurred in oil and gas extraction, which has been drifting
downward since mid-1985. Construction employment dropped by 25,000 in
February, after seasonal adjustment. This decline may have resulted from
harsh weather conditions in February that followed much milder conditions
in the prior month.
Manufacturing employment edged down by 30,000 over the month, after
having exhibited small employment gains in each of the prior 4 months.
This represented a return to the December employment total of 19.4 million.
- 4 The largest over-the-month decline occurred in the apparel industry, which
fell by 15,000. Elsewhere in manufacturing, small declines occurred in
fabricated metals, machinery, and motor vehicles and equipment.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
Average weekly hours for production or nonsupervisory workers on
private
nonagricultural
payrolls declined 0.2 hour to 35.0 hours,
seasonally adjusted, in February. The manufacturing workweek decreased by
0.3 hour to 40.6 hours, down from the very high levels of the previous 2
months but otherwise in line with the relatively high levels that prevailed
in the August-November period. Factory overtime also declined, by 0.1 hour
to 3.4 hours. Weekly hours in construction fell markedly over the month,
in large part the result of unusually bad weather that plagued much of the
country during the survey reference week. (See table B-2.)
Due to the drop in hours, the index of aggregate weekly hours of
production
or
nonsupervisory
workers
on
private
nonagricultural
payrolls—which reflects developments in both hours and employment—dropped
0.3 percent to 118.9 (1977»100) in February. Indexes declined sharply over
the month in construction, mining, and manufacturing. (See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly earnings rose 0.5 percent in February, and weekly
earnings were little changed, after adjustment for seasonality. Prior to
seasonal adjustment, average hourly earnings were unchanged over the month
at $8.74, and average weekly earnings were down $1.75 to $302.40. Over the
past year, hourly earnings were up 22 cents, and weekly earnings rose
$7.61. (See table B-3.)
The Hourly Earnings^Index (Establishment Survey Data)
The Hourly Earnings Index (HEI) was 168.5 (1977=100) in February,
seasonally adjusted, an increase of 0.6 percent from January. For the 12
months ended in February, the increase was 2.8 percent. The HEI excludes
the effects of two types of changes unrelated to underlying wage rate
movements—fluctuations in manufacturing
overtime
and
interindustry
employment shifts.
In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI
decreased 1.0 percent during the 12-month period ended in January.
(See
table B-4.)
The Employment Situation for March 1986 will
April 4, at 8:30 A.M. (EST).
be
released
on
Friday,
Explanatory Note
This news release presents statistics from two major surveys,
the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the
Current Employment Statistics Survey (establishment survey).
The household survey provides the information on the labor
force, total employment, and unemployment that appears in
the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample
survey of about 59,500 households that is conducted by the
Bureau of the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected
from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies.
The sample includes over 200,000 establishments employing
over 35 million people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually
collected for and relate to a particular week. In the household
survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month, which is called the survey
week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the
pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of technical
factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable variance in results between a
survey of a sample and a census of the entire population. Each
of these factors is explained below.
Coverage, definitions, and differences
between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are selected
so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population
16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is
classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.
Those who hold more than one job are classified according to
the job at which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all
as paid civilians; worked in their own business or profession or
on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or more in an enterprise operated by a member of their family, whether they were
paid or not. People are also counted as employed if they were
on unpaid leave because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor and management, or personal reasons. Members
of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States are also included in the employed total.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of their
eligibility for unemployment benefits or public assistance, if
they meet all of the following criteria: They hid no employment during the survey week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment
sometime during the prior 4 weeks. Persons laid off from their
former jobs and awaiting recall and those expecting to report
to a job within 30 days need not be looking for work to be
counted as unemployed.
The labor force equals the sum of the number employed and
the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the
percentage of unemployed people in the labor force (civilian
plus the resident Armed Forces). Table A-5 presents a special
grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force. The
definitions are provided in the table. The most restrictive
definition yields U-l and the most comprehensive yields U-7.
The overall unemployment rate is U-5a, while U-5b represents
the same measure with a civilian labor force base.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment survey only
counts wage and salary employees whose names appear on the
payroll records of nonagricultural firms. As a result, there are
many differences between the two surveys, among which are
the following:
— The household survey, although based on a smaller sample, reflects a
larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture,
the self-employed, unpaid family workers, private household workers, and
members of the resident Armed Forces;
— The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed; the establishment survey does not;
• — The household survey is limited to those 16 years of age and older; the
establishment survey is not limited by age;
— The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once; in the establishment survey, employees working at
more than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one payroll would be
counted separately for each appearance.
Other differences between the two surveys are described in
"Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and
Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained, from the BLS upon
request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as
changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.
For example, the labor force increases by a large number each
June, when schools close and many young people enter the job
market. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very
large; over the Course of a year, for example, seasonality may
account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular
pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be
eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month.
These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in economic activity or increases in the participation
of women in the labor force, easier to spot. To return to the
school's-out example, the large number of people entering the
labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined.
However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can
be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the
seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
economic activity.
Measures of labor force, employment, and unemployment
contain components such as age and sex. Statistics for all
employees, production workers, average weekly hours, and
average hourly earnings include components based on the
employer's industry. All these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the
components and combining them. The second procedure
usually yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted figure
for the labor force is the sum of eight seasonally adjusted
civilian employment components, plus the resident Armed
Forces total (not adjusted for seasonality), and four seasonally
adjusted unemployment components; the total for unemployment is the sum of the four unemployment components; and
the overall unemployment rate is derived by dividing the
resulting estimate of total unemployment by the estimate of
the labor force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June period
and again for the July-December period. At the time the first
half year's factors are calculated (upon availability of data for
December), historical data for the previous 5-year period are
subject to revision. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment are calculated only once a year,
along with the introduction of new benchmarks which are
discussed at the end of the next section.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys
are subject to sampling error, that is, the estimate of the
number of people employed and the other estimates drawn
from these surveys probably differ from the figures that would
be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the
amount of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey, and other
factors. However, the numerical value is always such that the
chances are approximately 68 out of 100 that an estimate based
on the sample will differ by no more than the standard error
from the results of a complete census. The chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on the sample will
differ by no more than 1.6 times the standard error from the
results of a complete census. At approximately the 90-percent
level of confidence—the confidence limits used by BLS in its
analyses—the error for the monthly change in total employment is on the order of plus or minus 328,000; for total
unemployment it is 220,000; and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19 percentage point. These figures do not
mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes but,
rather, that the chances are approximately 90 out of 100 that
the "true" level or rate would not be expected to differ from
the estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced when the
data are cumulated for several months, such as quarterly or
annually. Also, as a general rule, the smaller the estimate, the
larger the sampling error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the
estimate of the size of the labor force is subject to less error
than is the estimate of the number unemployed. And, among
the unemployed, the sampling error for the jobless rate of
adult men, for example, is much smaller than is the error for
the jobless rate of teenagers. Specifically, the error on monthly
change in the jobless rate for men is .26 percentage point; for
teenagers, it is 1.25 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most current
months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these
estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. When all the
returns in the sample have been received, the estimates are
revised. In other words, data for the month of September are
published in preliminary form in October and November and
in final form in December. To remove errors that build up
over time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes can be
measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in
the classification of industries and allow for the formation of
new establishments.
Additional statistics and othsr information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide variety of data
in this news release. More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by
BLS. It is available for $4.50 per issue or $31.00 per year from
the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
20204. A check or money order made out to the Superintendent of Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of
the standard errors for the household survey data published in
this release. For unemployment and other labor force
categories, the standard errors appear in tables B through J of
its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the
data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual
amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables M, O, P, and Q of that publication.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the population, Including Armad Fotoas In the United States, by aex
(Numbers In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted1
Not
Employment status and sex
Feb.
1985
Jan .
1986
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1985
Oct.
1985
Nov.
1985
Dec .
1985
Jan.
1986
Feb.
1986
TOTAL
Nonlnstitutional population*
Labor force 2
Participation rate'
Total employed'
Employment-population ratio 4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*
Not in labor force
179 219
1 15,295
64.3
106 ,393
59.4
1 ,703
104 ,690
2 ,833
101 ,857
8 ,902
7.7
63 ,924
181,361
117,122
64.6
108,650
59.9
1 ,691
106,959
2,819
104,140
8,472
7.2
64,239
181,512
117,416
64.7
108,376
59.7
1 ,691
106,685
2,663
104,021
9,041
7.7
64,096
179,219
116,685
65.1
108,290
60.4
1 ,703
106,587
3,325
103,262
8,395
7.2
62,534
180,470
117,814
65.3
109,513
60.7
1 ,700
107,813
3,058
104,755
8,301
7.0
62,656
180,642
117,832
65.2
109,671
60.7
1 ,702
107,969
3,070
104,899
8,161
6.9
62,810
180,810
117,927
65.2
109,904
60,8
1 ,698
108,206
3,151
105,055
8,023
6.8
62,883
181,361
118,477
65.3
1 10,646
61 .0
1 ,691
108,955
3,299
105,655
7,831
6.6
62,885
181,512
118,779
65.4
1 10,252
60. 7
1 ,691
108,561
3,096
105,465
8,527
7.2
62,733
85,692
64,826
75.6
59,694
69.7
1 ,554
58,140
5,133
7.9
86,882
65,833
75.8
61,023
70.2
1 ,539
59,484
4,810
7.3
86,954
65,904
75.8
60,743
69.9
1 ,539
59,204
5,161
7.8
85,692
65,782
76.8
61,207
71 .4
1 ,554
59,653
4,575
7.0
86,293
66,227
76.7
61,656
71 .4
1 ,551
60,105
4,571
6.9
86,374
66,176
76.6
61,731
71 .5
1 ,552
60,179
4,445
6.7
86,459
66,139
76.5
61,793
71 .5
1 ,549
60,244
4,346
6.6
86,882
66,679
76.7
62,458
71 .9
1 ,539
60,919
4,221
6.3
86,954
66,838
76.9
62,243
71.6
1 ,539
60,704
4,595
6.9
93,527
50,469
54.0
46,699
49.9
149
46,550
3,769
7.5
94,479
51,289
54.3
47,627
50.4
152
47,475
3,663
7.1
94,558
51 ,513
54.5
47,633
50.4
152
47,481
3,880
7.5
93,527
50,903
54.4
47,083
50.3
149
46,934
3,820
7.5
94,177
51 ,587
54.8
47,857
50.8
149
47,708
3,730
7.2
94,266
51,655
54.8
47,939
50.9
149
47,790
3,716
7.2
94,351
51,788
54.9
48,111
51 .0
149
47,962
3,677
7.1
94,479
51 ,797
54.8
48,187
51 .0
152
48,035
3,610
7.0
94,558
51,941
54.9
48,009
50.8
152
47,857
3,932
7.6
Men, 16 years and over
Nonlnstitutional population'
Labor force*
Participation rate*
Total employed*
Employment-population ratio 4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate'
Women, 16 years and over
Nonlnstitutional population'
Labor force*
Participation rate'
Total employed'
Employment-population ratio 4 . . .
Resident Armed Forces
Civilian employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate*
' The population and Armed Forces figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation;
therefore, Identical numbers appear In the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
' Includes members of the Armed Forces stationed in the United States.
* Labor force as a percent of the nonlnstitutional population.
Total employment as a percent of the nonlnstitutional population.
* Unemployment as a percent of the labor force (including the resident Armed
Forces).
4
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Tabls A-2. Employment status of ths civilian population by ssx and ago
(Numbers In thousands)
Net
Seasonally adlpeted'
by
Employmant status, ssx, and ags
Fab.
1985
Jan.
1986
Fsb.
1986
Fab.
1985
Oct.
1985
Nov.
1985
Dec.
1985
Jan .
1986
TOTAL
Civilian nonlnatltutlonal population
Civilian labor foroa
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio' . . .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
177,516
113,592
64.0
104,690
59.0
8,902
7.8
179,670
115,431
64.2
106,959
59.5
8,472
7.3
179,821
115,725
64.4
106,685
59.3
9,041
7.8
177,516
114,982
64.8
106,587
60.0
8,395
7.3
178,770
116,114
65.0
107,813
60.3
8,301
7.1
178,940
116,130
64.9
107,969
60.3
8,161
7.0
179,112
116,229
64.9
108,206
60.4
8,023
6.9
179,670
116,786
65.0
108,955
60.6
7,831
6.7
76,829
59,557
77.5
55,240
71 .9
2,123
53,117
4,317
7.2
78,101
60,734
77.8
56,645
72.5
2,119
54,526
4,089
6.7
78,171
60,686
77.6
56,325
72.1
2,025
54,300
4,361
7.2
76,829
60,037
78.1
56,274
73.2
2,368
53,906
3,763
6.3
77,498
60,526
78.1
56,849
73.4
2,188
54,661
3,677
6.1
77,566
60,553
78.1
56,897
73.4
2,210
54,687
3,656
6.0
77,651
60,548
78.0
56,982
73.4
2,278
54,704
3,566
5.9
78,101
61 ,212
78.4
57,706
73.9
2,349
55,356
3,507
5.7
86,086
46,779
54.3
43,612
50.7
502
43,110
3,167
6.8
87,112
47,715
54.8
44,666
51 .3
559
44,107
3,049
6.4
87,185
47,847
54.9
44,610
51 .2
493
44,117
3,237
6.8
86,086
46,853
54.4
43,713
50.8
606
43,107
3,140
6.7
86,810
47,663
54.9
44,609
51 .4
609
44,000
3,054
6.4
86,901
47,713
54.9
44,656
51 .4
591
44,065
3,057
6.4
86,988
47,870
55.0
44,882
51 .6
597
44,285
2,988
6.2
87,112
47,895
55.0
44,980
51 .6
696
44,284
2,915
6.1
14,600
7,256
49.7
5,838
40.0
208
5,630
1 ,418
19.5
14,458
6,982
48.3
5,648
39.1
142
5,506
1 ,334
19.1
14,465
7,192
49.7
5,750
39.8
145
5,604
1 ,443
20.1
14,600
8,092
55.4
6,600
45.2
351
6,249
1 ,492
18.4
14,463
7,925
54.8
6,355
43.9
261
6,094
1 ,570
19.8
14,472
7,864
54.3
6,416
44.3
269
6,147
1 ,448
18.4
14,474
7,811
54.0
6,342
43.8
276
6,066
1 ,469
18.8
14,458
7,678
53.1
6,269
43.4
254
6,015
1 ,409
18.4
Men, 20 years and ever
Civilian nonlnatltutlonal population
Civilian labor foroa
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio* . . .
Agriculture
Nonagrlcultural Induatrlea
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Women, 20 years and ever
Civilian nonlnatltutlonal population
Civilian labor foroa
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1 . . .
Agriculture
Nonagrlcultural Induatrlea
Unemployed
Unemployment rata
Both aexee, 16 to 19 years
Civilian nonlnatltutlonal population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio* . . .
Agriculture
NonagrlQultural Induatrlea
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
The population flgurea are not adjuatad for aeaaonal variation; therefore, Idantloal
numbers appear In the unadjuated and seasonally adjuatad oolumna.
' Civilian employment aa a percent of the civilian nonlnatltutlonal population,
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population by race, •ex, age, and Hfepenic origin
(Numbers In thousands)
Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
Seasonally actuated1
Not seasonally adjusted
Feb.
1985
Jan .
1986
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1985
Oct.
1985
Nov.
1985
Dec .
1985
Jan .
1986
Feb.
1986
WHITE
153,191
98,462
64.3
91,748
59.9
6,713
6.8
154,784
99,885
64.5
93,421
60.4
6,464
6.5
154,889
100,099
64.6
93,144
60.1
6,954
6.9
153,191
99,612
, 65.0
93,414
61 .0
6,198
6.2
154,082
100,533
65.2
94,369
61 .2
6,164
6.1
154,203
100,478
65.2
94,507
61 .3
5,971
5.9
154,327
100,533
65.1
94,585
61 .3
5,948
5.9
154,784
100,961
65.2
95,165
61 .5
5,796
5.7
154,889
101,232
65.4
94,803
61 .2
6,429
6.4
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
52,299
77.9
48,959
72.9
3,340
6.4
53,214
78. 1
50,027
73.5
3,188
6.0
53,191
78.0
49,779
73.0
3,412
6.4
52,727
78.6
49,881
74.3
2,846
5.4
53,105
78.6
50,339
74.5
2,766
5.2
53,125
78.5
50,380
74.5
2,745
5.2
53,097
78.4
50,408
74.4
2,689
5. 1
53,603
78.7
50,944
74.8
2,659
5.0
53,598
78.6
50,691
74.4
2,906
5.4
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
39,826
53.7
37,530
50.6
2,296
5.8
40,606
54.3
38,315
51 .2
2,291
5.6
40,648
54.3
38,221
51 .0
2,427
6.0
39,866
53.8
37,598
50.7
2,268
5.7
40,549
54.3
38,317
51 .3
2,232
5.5
40,538
54.3
38,366
51 .4
2,172
5.4
40,659
54.4
38,475
51 .5
2,184
5.4
40,691
54.4
38,546
51 .5
2,145
5.3
40,698
54.4
38,298
51 . 1
2,401
5.9
6,777
57.1
5,702
48.1
1 ,075
15.9
16.2
15.5
6,667
56.2
5,675
47.8
992
14.9
14.7
15.1
6,936
58.5
5,814
49.0
1 ,122
16.2
16.5
15.8
Civilian nonlnstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio 1
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
6,260
52.8
5,144
43.4
1,115
17.8
19.5
16.1
7,019
58.6
5,935
49.6
1 ,084
15.4
16.8
14.0
6,337
52.9
5,259
43.9
1 ,078
17.0
19.8
14.1
6,065
51 . 1
5,080
42.8
985
16.2
17.3
15.1
19,542
12,074
61 .8
10,131
51 .8
1 ,942
16.1
19,837
12,296
62.0
10,531
53. 1
1 ,765
14.4
19,863
12,318
62.0
fO,485
62.8
1 ,833
14.9
19,542
12,299
62.9
10,333
52.9
1,966
16.0
19,761
12,412
62.8
10,566
53.5
1,846
14.9
19,790
12,457
62.9
10,518
53.1
1 ,939
15.6
19,819
12,522
63.2
10,657
53.8
1,865
14.9
19,837
12,548
63.3
10,737
54.1
1 ,810
14.4
19,863
12,545
63.2
10,690
53.8
1 ,855
14.8
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
5,680
74.1
4,828
62.9
853
15.0
5,819
74.3
5,039
64.3
779
13.4
5,789
73.8
4,974
63.4
815
14.1
5,747
74.9
4,932
64.3
815
14.2
5,778
74.3
4,987
64.1
791
13.7
5,772
74.1
4,983
63.9
789
13.7
5,797
74.2
5,035
64.5
762
13.1
5,887
75.1
5,142
65.6
745
12.7
5,858
74.6
5,081
64.7
778
13.3
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
5,634
58. 1
4,861
50.1
772
13.7
5,704
57.8
5,038
51 .1
666
11.7
5,754
58.3
5,034
51 .0
721
12.5
5,658
58.3
4,883
'50.3
775
13.7
5,727
58.3
5,032
51 .2
695
12.1
5,810
59.0
5,017
50.9
793
13.6
5,835
59.2
5,102
51 .7
733
12.6
5,762
58.4
5,074
51 .5
689
12.0
5,776
58.5
5,054
51 .2
722
12.5
Both sexes, 16 to 10 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
760
35.0
442
20.3
317
41 .8
42.3
41 .3
773
36.1
454
21 .2
319
41 .3
42.4
40.2
774
36.2
477
22.3
297
38.4
39.6
37.1
894
41 .1
518
23.8
376
42.1
40.9
43.3
907
42.2
547
25.4
360
39.7
41 .0
38.2
875
40.7
518
24.1
357
40.8
45.2
36.0
890
41 .5
520
24.2
370
41 .6
41 .0
42.3
898
42.0
522
24.4
376
41 .9
41 .3
42.4
91 1
42.6
555
26.0
356
39.1
38.7
39.5
11,753
7,474
63.6
6,679
56.8
795
10.6
12,148
7,688
63.3
6,830
56.2
857
11 .2
11,753
7,591
64.6
6,832
58.1
759
10.0
12,040
7,854
65.2
6,982
58.0
872
11.1
12,075
7,782
64.4
6,953
57.6
829
10.7
12,111
7,772
64.2
6,962
57.5
810
10.4
12,148
7,787
64.1
6,998
57.6
789
10.1
12,184
7,943
65.2
6,969
57.2
974
12.3
6,879
58.0
5,713
48.2
1 ,166
17.0
18.5
15.3
6,815
57.4
5,761
48.6
1 ,054
15.5
15.8
15.1
BLACK
Civilian nonlnstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed . . . '
Unemployment rate
Men, 20 years and over
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian nonlnstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio'
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
' The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
' Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian nonlnstitutional population.
12,184
7,822
64.2
6,809
55.9
1 ,013
12.9
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanlcs are Included
In both the white and black population groups.
HOUSEHOLD HATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Selected employment indicator*
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Category
Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
1985
Jan.
1986
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1985
Oct.
1985
Nov.
1.985
104,690
38,727
26,004
5,542
106,959
39,060
26,769
5,679
106,685
38,791
26,513
5,739
106,587
39,324
26,079
5,533
107,813
39,272
26,702
5,514
107,969
39,314
26,721
5,605
Dec .
1985
Feb.
1 986
Jan .
1986
CHARACTERISTIC
Civilian employed, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
108,955
39,615
26,958
5,702
108,206
39,278
26,804
5,693
108,561
39,382
26,593
5,733
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Uhpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
1 ,323
1 ,342
168
1 ,325
1 ,374
120
1 ,261
1 ,287
1 15
1 ,597
1 ,508
229
1 ,465
1 ,436
172
1 ,537
1 ,361
158
1 ,572
1 ,409
164
1 ,673
1 ,492
163
1,519
1 ,444
156
93,975
16,329
77,646
1 ,218
76,428
7,581
301
96,327
16,434
79,893
1 ,134
78,759
7,555
257
96,225
16,490
79,735
1 ,132
78,603
7,554
242
95,235
15,957
79,278
1 ,288
77,990
7,694
336
96,530
16,213
80,317
1 ,271
79,046
7,991
248
96,676
16,157
80,519
1 ,197
79,322
8,013
249
96,921
16, 194
80,727
1,131
79,596
7,903
250
97,911
16,418
81,494
1 ,256
80,238
7,655
273
97,516
16 , 104
81,412
1,197
80,216
7,669
270
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
5,244
2,404
2,557
14,329
5,593
2,674
2,638
14,139
5,269
2,540
2,457
14,646
5,356
2,244
2,817
13,524
5,475
2,251
2,897
13,713
5,498
2,306
2,883
13,645
5,494
2,303
2,864
13,556
5,543
2,364
2,883
13,958
5,377
2,369
2,703
13,817
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons
Slack work
Could only find part-time work
Voluntary part time
5,036
2,238
2,520
13,933
5,370
2,51 1
2,582
13,710
5,101
2,402
2,436
14,265
5,098
2,073
2,732
13,057
5,241
2,115
2,801
13,277
5,295
2,196
2,784
13,194
5,294
2,195
2,760
13,122
5,275
2,208
2,776
13,441
5, 158
2,224
2,636
13,369
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME'
1
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for such
reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.
Table A-5. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force,
seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Quarterly averages
Monthly data
Measure
IV
U-1
civilian labor force
U-2
Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force
U-3
Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the
civilian labor force
Unemployed full-time iobseekers as a percent of the full-time
civilian labor force
U-4
U-5a
Total unemployed as a percent of the labor force, Including the
resident Armed Forces
U-5b
Total unemployed as a percent of the chrlllan labor force
U-6
Total full-time jobseekers plus Vt part-time jobseekers plus Vt total on part time
for economic reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less Vt of the
part-time labor force
U-7
II
III
Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the
Total full-time jobseekers plus Vt part-time jobseekers plus Vt total on part
time for economic reasons plus discouraged workers as a percent of the
civilian labor force plus discouraged workers less Vt of the
part-time labor force
N.A = not available.
2.1
2.0
2.0
2.0
1 .9
1 .9
1 .8
2.0
3.7
3.7
3.6
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.2
3.6
5.6
5.7
5.7
5.6
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.8
6.7
6.6
6.4
6.9
7.1
7.2
7.2
7.1
6.9
6.8
6.6
7.2
7.2
7.3
7.3
7.2
7.0
6.9
6.7
7.3
9.7
10.9
10.8
5.1
9.4
10.4
N.A.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
1
Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervlsory workers on private nonagricuiturai payrolls by industry
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Feb.
1985
Dec.
1985
Jan.
1986p
Feb.
1986 P
Feb.
1985
Oct .
1985
Nov.
1985
Dec.
1985
Jan
1986 P
Feb.
1986 P
34.6
35.3
34.8
35.1
35.1
35.0
35.1
35.2
35.0
Mining
43.2
43.8
44.5
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Construction
36.6
36.9
37.3
35.1
37.8
37.9
37.4
37.1
38.7
36.3
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
39.7
3.1
41.6
3.9
40.7
3.3
40.2
3.2
40.1
3.3
40.7
3.4
40.7
3.4
41.0
3.6
40.9
3.5
40.6
3.4
Durable goods
Overtime hours
40.4
3.4
42.5
4.1
41.4
3.5
41.0
3.4
40.7
3.5
41.3
3.5
41.3
3.6
41.7
3.8
41.6
3.7
41.3
3.5
38,
38,
40.
40,
40,
40,
41.0
40.0
41.5
41.9
40.6
38.5
40
41
41
42
42
42
42.8
42.2
44.3
45.3
42.5
40.6
39.6
39.6
41.5
41.9
41.8
41.4
41.6
41.1
43,
43,
41,
39.8
39.
40.
41,
41,
41.
41.
40,
421
43.
41.0
39.3
38,
39,
41,
40,
40.
40,
41 ,
40,
41,
42,
39,
39,
41,
41,
42,
41,
41,
41 .0
42.6
43,
41.
39.
40.2
40.1
41.7
42.2
41.9
40-,
39,
40.3
39.4
42.1
41.8
41.7
41.5
41.6
40.6
42.8
43.8
40.8
39.9
41 .6
41.8
41.4
43.2
44.2
41.9
40.0
40,
40,
42,
41,
42,
41,
41,
41,
43.0
43.7
41.
40,
39.
39.
41.
41 ,
41 .
41 .
41 .
40.
42.
43.
41 .
39.
38.8
2.8
40.5
3.5
39.7
3.1
39.2
3.0
39.3
2.9
39.9
3.2
39.8
3.2
40.1
3.4
40.0
3.3
39.6
3.2
39,
37,
38.
35,
42.
37,
41.8
42.5
40.5
35.8
40.7
38.0
41.5
37.1
44.3
38.8
42.5.
43.7
42.0
38.0
39
37
40
36
43
37
41
43.1
41.3
37.0
39.2
36.0
39.9
35.6
43.1
37.4
41.
42.
41.
36.
39.
39.
38.8
35.9
42,
37,
41,
43.1
39,
35,
41,
36.8
43.3
37.8
41.9
43.1
40,
38,
41,
37.0
43.6
38,
42,
43,
40,
38,
40,
37,
43,
37,
42,
43,
(2)
36.4
40,
38,
40,
36,
43,
37,
41,
44,
(2)
37.9
(2)
37.7
(2)
37.8
(2)
37.4
39.9
37.7
40,
36,
43,
37,
41.8
43.3
(2)
36.8
39.1
39.7
39.2
39.3
39.4
39.5
39.4
39.5
39.6
39.7
Total private
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods.
Overtime hours.
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
38.2
39.0
38.6
38.4
38.6
38.6
38.7
38.7
38.8
38.8
Retail trade
29.1
29.9
28.8
28.7
29.8
29.5
29.5
29.3
29.5
29.4
Finance, Insurance, and real estate
36.4
36.7
36.5
37.0
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Services
32.6
32.8
32.7
32.7
32.8
32.9
32.8
32.8
32.9
32.9
' Data relate to production workers In mining and manufacturing; to construction
workers In construction; and to nonsupervlsory workers In transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, Insurance, and real estate; and services.
These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private
nonagricuiturai payrolls.
1
This series Is not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is
small relative to the trend-cycle and/or Irregular components and consequently cannot
be separated with sufficient precision.
p » preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Tabic B-3. Average hourly and weakly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural
payrolls by industry
Average w*tkly Mining*
Feb.
1985
Dec.
1985
Jan
1986P
Feb.
1986 P
$8.52
8.49
$8.73
8.74
$8.74
8.68
$8.74
8.72
11.90
12.22
12.19
12.29
514.08
535.24
542.46
528.47
12.33
12.42
12.29
12.31
451.28
458.30
458.42
432.08
9.43
9.72
9.68
9.68
374.37
404.35
393.98
389.14
9.99
8.09
7.01
9.73
11.69
13.42
9.59
10.14
9.33
12.63
13.35
9.11
7.19
10.34
8.34
10.27
8.28
10.28
8.29
11.84
13.46
9.88
10.55
9.68
13.06
13.84
9.42
7.47
11.82
13.50
9.81
10.49
9.62
12.90
13.69
9.35
7.48
11.91
13.69
9.84
10.54
9.60
12.86
13.64
9.36
7.47
403.60
309.85
270.59
393.09
478.12
544.85
387.44
415.74
373.20
524.15
559.37
369.87
276.82
439.45
335.27
304.14
414.50
504,38
565.32
420.89
451.54
408.50
578.56
626.95
400.35
303.28
425.18
327.89
291.46
412.51
495.26
564.30
406,13
436.38
395.38
554.70
598.25
385.22
297.70
421.48
323.31
287.39
405.37
499.03
570.87
404.42
436.36
389.76
542.69
586.52
383.76
293.57
8.60
8.51
11.80
6.60
5.70
10.64
9.60
11.39
13.99
8.48
5.79
8.84
8.68
11.90
6.83
5.80
11.07
9.90
11.87
14.22
8.72
5.83
8.82
8.70
11.96
6.85
5.82
10.99
9.81
11.86
14.25
8.68
5.87
8.83
8.68
12.26
6.83
5.80
11.00
9.83
11.84
14,06
8.71
5.87
333.68
331.89
442.50
254.10
202.35
451.14
358.08
476.10
594.58
343.44
207.28
358.02
353.28
452.20
283.45
215.18
490.40
384.12
504.48
621.41
366.24
221.54
350.15
347. 13
446. 11
2 78.80
213.01
478,07
368.86
496.93
614,18
358.48
217.19
346.14
340.26
441.36
272.52
206.48
474. 10
367.64
493.73
600.36
357. U
212.49
11.27
11.60
11.60
11.67
440. 6<>
460.5 2
454.72
458.63
Total privata
Seasonally adiu$t0d
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products..
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufacture*
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plasties products
Leather and leather products
Transportation and ptioHcutNHIes
Feb.
1985
Dec .
1985
$294.79 $308.17
306.77
298.00
Jan .
1986 P
$304.15
305.54
Feb.
1986
$302.40
305.20
Wholesale trade
9.22
9.41
9.37
9.38
352.20
366.99
361.68
360.19
Retail trade
5.99
6.02
6.06
6.06
174.31
180.00
174.53
173.92
Finance, Insurance, and reel estate
7.87
8.14
8.14
8.23
286.47
298.74
297.11
304.51
Services
7.87
8.16
8.17
8.22
256.56
267,65
267.16
268.79
1
,
See footnote 1, table B-2.
p * preliminary.
Table B-4. Hourly Earnings Index for production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagrlcultural payrolls by industry
(ig77»100)
•jljaS ————
—— , • * • • . . • • ml
Seasonally adjusted
W n BjajaaaafiHsajiwy MJIIfJIwB
Industry
Feb.
1985
Dec.
1985
Jan.
1986p
Feb.
1986p
164.3
95.0
178,4
149.9
167.0
164.7
170.2
155.9
168.5
94.5
181.7
151,0
171.3
169.9
173.9
157.6
168.3
94.2
180.8
149.4
171.3
169.9
172.9
157.7
168.8
N.A.
180.7
149.4
171.6
171.1
173.2
158.0
170.2
167.2
176.0
173.6
175.9
173.6
178.1
174.4
POfOOflt
diojiae
flWK
Feb.
1985Feb.
1986
Feb.
1985
Oct.
1985
Nov.
1985
Dec.
1985
Jan.
1986p
Feb.
198ip
Pofoofft
onwiso
•fonts
Jan,
1986Feb.
1986
2.8
(2)
1.3
-.3
2.7
3.9
1.8
1.4
164.0
94.7
(4)
150.8
166.9
164.2
(4)
155.4
166.4
94.1
(4)
149.4
169.4
167.0
(4)
156.7
167.1
94.1
(4)
148.9
170.1
168.1
(4)
157.4
168.4
94.4
(4)
150.5
170.8
169.2
(4)
158.9
167.5
93.6
(4)
149.3
170.7
169.1
(4)
157.1
168.5
N.A.
(4)
150.3
171.4
170.6
(4)
157.6
0.6
(3)
(4)
.7
.4
.9
(4)
.3
4.6
4.3
(4)
166,2
(4)
171.1
(4)
172.1
(4)
173.4
(4)
171.9
<4)
173,4
(4)
.9
Totk>4 pfhreYtv IMftfMIVlZ
Constant (1f77)<*Me«
Mining
Retail trade
mm££mm**.m*
tTirlcm
1
2
3
4
See footnote 1, table B - 2 .
Percent change 18 -1.0 percent Froa January 1985 to January 1986, the latest month a v a i l a b l e .
Percent change is -0.8 percent from December 1985 to January 1986, the latest month a v a i l a b l e .
These series are not seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle
irregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient p r e c i s i o n .
N.A. - Not a v a i l a b l e .
p » preliminary.
FRASER
Digitized for
and/or
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricuHural
payrolls by industry
Not •••tonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Feb.
1985
Dec.
1985
Jan.
1986
111.0
119.7
115.5
114.8
94.0
100.9
97.5
94.6
98.8
Mining
109.0
110.2
110.7
104.1
Construction
101.4
123.1
116.7
91.9
96.2
Total
Goods-producing
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products . .
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
05.8
79.3
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
92
90
91
87
03
79
67
55
89
93
08
94
87
Tobacco manufactures
86
73
87
97
118
93.8
81.2
108.7
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Leather and leather products
63.7
Service-producing
120.4
Transportation and public utilities
104.8
Wholesale trade
115.5
Retail trade
110.0
Finance, insurance, and real estate
125.1
Services
135.3
Feb.
1986 P
Feb.
1985
Oct.
1985
Nov.
1985
Dec .
1985
Jan.
1986 P
Feb.
1986
117.4
117.6
118.1
119.3
118.9
99.7
99.5
100.4
102.0
99.5
112.2
109.7
109.5
112.3
107.2
105.5
121.2
127.7
125.9
125.5
135.5
126.1
93.2
92.0
93.9
93.8
94.0
95.1
95.0
94.0
95.1
96.1
110.8
86.6
68.0
55.0
93.7
93.0
107.5
103.6
95.8
108.8
83.3
92.0
93.7
106.0
84.1
67.1
54.9
90.4
90.1
104,
99,
90.
105.
79.
90.8
91.6
104.4
81.6
67.1
55.0
89.3
89.3
102.8
97.6
88.0
104.9
80.4
92.6
97.8
104
92.6
97.7
104.7
87.4
67.0
55.6
91.3
90.3
104.8
98.7
91.0
93.6
100.0
92.6
97.4
106.5
89,
67,
55.
91
89.
103.
98.
89,
105.8
97.8
100.7
90.0
78.6
90.2
103.8
128.0
94.1
79.9
114.0
67.8
95.0
95.5
86.8
76.7
88.6
101.6
123.6
91.8
112.7
64.4
93,
93.
80,
75,
86.5
100.
123.
92.
77.
112.1
62.7
99.
119.
94.
85.
110.
65,
130.0
125.5
125.9
124.0
110.7
107.2
107.2
107.2
122.4
120.7
120.2
117.9
125.0
114.9
113.8
116.4
132.7
131.8
134. l'
126.8
143.0
141.0
142.7
137.9
p
78.0
' See footnote 1, table B-2.
93,
93.
105.
87.
68.
55.
91.
93.
109.
95.
89.
106.
82.
94.7
97.3
90.8
74.5
88,
88
66
53
91
90
103.8
98.9
91.9
103.7
82.1
95
99
104,
82.
76
88
100
122
93
82.1
110.4
95
98
79
77
89
101
123.3
93.1
79.9
112.0
68.2
67.8
85
127.2
109.0
120.6
118.2
127.6
109.2
12U1
118.4
130.6
131.4
142.9
143.3
93,
98,
107,
88.
68,
56.
91.
90.
105,
100,
92,
106.
82.
97.3
100.8
84.5
78.1
91.0
102.1
125.1
93.4
81.8
113.2
68.0
127.9
109.6
121.4
117.9
132.9
143.8
108.7
90.8
67.3
55.5
91.8
90.2
104.6
100.1
91.3
105.8
84.3
97
100
85
77
91
102
124.8
92.8
81.4
114.0
66.8
128.9
110.0
122.3
119.7
132.9
144.6
84.0
96,
100,
83,
76,
87,
102,
124,
93.0
81.1
113,
64,
129.6
110.1
122.8
120.2
135.6
145.3
p = preliminary.
1
Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment increased
Time
•pan
Year
Over
1-month
span
Jan.
Fob.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Doc.
67.3
57.6
p65.4
72.7
50.3
p51.6
66.8
55.9
67.3
44.6
60.5
50.3
64.3
47.0
65.7
54.9
58.1
56.8
48.4
45.7
66.5
63.5
55.1
61.6
63.5
63.2
78.1
58.6
p63.5
75.9
54.1
77.6
46.8
68.9
45.9
69.7
44.1
67.0
49.7
65.4
50.5
60.3
49.2
60.0
53.8
56.5
52.7
67.0
65.1
60.0
p67.8
Over
6-month
span
79.2
52.2
77.8
49.5
77.3
44.3
75.4
44.6
69.2
44.3
64.9
42.4
63.2
46.8
64.1
50.0
67.0
56.8
59.7
p61.6
57.6
p58.1
60.3
Over
12-month
span
81.9
50.8
78.4
48.4
76.8
49.5
75.1
47.3
72.7
46.2
73.0
47.3
70.0
p48.6
65.7
p48.4
63.5
60.5
56.2
51.9
Over
3-month
span
1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted for 1, 3, and 6 month spans, on payrolls
of 185 private nonagricultural industries,
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment rising. (Half of the unchanged components are counted as rising.) Data are centered within the spans.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Selected unemployment mdteators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
nployeo pot
(In thousands)
ttiMMpNyiiMnt rates
Category
Feb.
1985
Jan.
1986
8,395
4,575
3,763
3,820
3,140
1 ,492
7,831
4,221
3,507
3,610
2,915
1 ,409
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
1 ,818
1 ,488
674
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Labor force time lost*
Feb.
1986
Dec.
1985
Jan.
1986
Feb.
1985
Oct.
1985
Nov.
1985
8,527
4,595
3,799
3,932
3,211
1 ,517
7.
7.
6.
7.
6.
18.
7.
7.
6.
7,
6.
19.
7.
6.
6.
7.
6.
18.
6.
6.
5.
7.
6.
18.
1 ,776
1 ,437
629
1 ,850
1 ,562
631
4.4
5.4
10.9
4,
5.
10.
4.
5.
10,
4,
5.
9.
6,923
1 ,438
6,435
1 ,390
6,922
1 ,569
7.0
8.8
8.2
6.
9.
7,
6,214
102
782
1 ,689
972
717
327
1 ,686
1 ,628
659
251
5,876
112
802
1 ,561
930
631
264
1 ,581
1 ,557
581
204
6,335
95
800
1 ,592
978
614
330
1 ,752
1 ,766
642
254
7.3
10.8
13.4
7.
7.
8.
5.
7.
5.
4.
13.
7.
7.
13.
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
3.
12.
Feb.
1986
CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16 years and over
Men, 16 years and over
Men, 20 years and over
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Both sexes, 16to 19years
6.
8.
7.
6.7
8.8
7.9
6.9
9.4
8.1
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utltftfes
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours- lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic
7.
7.
13,
7.
7.
7.
5.
7.
5.
3.
12.
6.
10.
12.
7,
7,
7,
5.
7,
5,
3,
10.
6.
10.
12.
7.
7.
7.
4.
7.
5.
3.
10.
reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.
Table A-7. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers In thousands)
Net eeeeonaHy adjusted
adfusted
Weeks e< unemployment
Feb.
1985
Jan .
1986
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1985
Oct.
1985
Nov.
1985
Dec .
1985
Jan .
1986
Feb.
1986
3,313
2,963
2,626
1 ,226
1 ,399
3,645
2,617
2,210
1 ,087
1 ,122
3,377
3,118
2,546
1 ,311
1 ,234
3,501
2,488
2,413
1,065
1 ,348
3,430
2,536
2,277
1 ,057
1 ,220
3,465
2,448
2,205
894
1 ,31 1
3,374
2,460
2,188
973
1 ,215
3,311
2,441
2,056
969
1 ,087
3,562
2,622
2,340
1 , 149
1,191
16.0
7.9
14.4
6.6
15.3
7.7
15.4
7.0
15.7
6.9
15.4
6.9
14.9
6.8
15.3
6.9
100.
37.
33.
29,
13.8
15.7
100.0
43.0
30.9
26. 1
12.8
13.2
100.0
37.4
34.5
28.2
14.5
13.6
100.
42,
30.
27.
1 1 .
100.0
42.1
30.7
27.3
12.1
15.1
DURATION
Less than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Avenge (mean) duration, In weeks
Median duration, in weeks
16.0
7.1
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
L066 fPMrfl 5 Wt#KS
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
100.
41 .
29.
28.
12.
16.
110.
41 .
30.
27.
12.
14.
100,
42
31 ,
26,
12.
1 3.
100.0
41 .8
30.8
27.5
13.5
14.0
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Reason for unemployment
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Reason
Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
1985
Jan.
1986
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1985
Oct.
1985
Nov.
1985
Dec .
1985
Jan .
1986
Feb.
1 986
A,897
1 ,571
3,326
866
2,229
910
4,452
1 ,579
2,873
1 ,041
2,120
861
4,820
1 ,512
3,308
995
2,278
947
4,236
1 ,203
3,033
868
2,238
1 ,056
4,040
1,161
2,879
91 1
2,237
1 ,045
4,081
1 , 1 75
2,906
808
2,226
1 ,055
3,933
1 ,132
2,801
876
2,225
1 ,033
3,776
1,163
2,613
996
2,066
1 ,025
4,162
1 ,152
3,010
1 ,001
2,292
1 ,097
100.
55.
17.
37.
9.
25.
10.
100,
52,
18,
33,
12,
25,
10,
100.
53,
16,
36.
1 1 .
25.
10.
100.
50,
14,
36.
10,
26.
12.
100.0
49.1
14. 1
35.0
11.1
27.2
12.7
100,
50,
14.
35,
9,
27.
12.
100.0
48.8
14.0
34.7
10.9
27.6
12.8
100.
48,
14.
33.
12,
26.
1 3.
1 00.
48,
N U M B E R OF U N E M P L O Y E D
Job losers
On layoff
Other )ob losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
t
26.
12.
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
4.3
.8
2.0
.8
3.9
.9
1 .8
.7
4.2
.9
2.0
.8
3.7
.8
1 .9
.9
3.5
.8
1 .9
.9
3.5
.7
1 .9
.9
3.4
.8
1 .9
.9
3.2
.9
3.6
.9
2.0
. 9
Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed person*
On thousands)
Sex and age
Unemployment rates1
Feb.
1985
Jan.
1986
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1985
Oct.
1985
Nov.
1 985
Dec .
1985
Jan .
1986
Feb.
1986
,
8,395
3,274
1 ,492
656
842
1 ,782
5,124
4,525
600
7,831
3,030
1 ,409
650
754
1 ,621
4,808
4,248
576
8,527
3,222
1 ,517
71 1
81 3
1 ,705
5,309
4,666
650
7,
13.
18.
20.
17.
1 1 .
5.
5.
4,
7.1
13.9
19.8
22.7
17.8
10.9
5.4
5.7
3.9
7.
13.
18.
21 .
16.
1 1 .
5.
5.
3.
6.
13.
18.8
21 . 1
17.
10.
5.
5.
3.
6.
13,
18,
20,
16,
10,
5.
5.
3,
7.3
13.6
19.0
21 .8
17.2
10.8
5.
5.
4,
Men, 16years and o v e r . . . ,
16 to 24 years
18 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
19 to 19 years
20 to 24 years.
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over . . .
4,575
1 ,797
812
355
461
985
2,780
2,420
364
4,221
1 ,568
714
331
387
854
2,660
2,330
345
4,595
1 ,688
796
399
403
892
2,909
2,533
386
7,
14,
19.
21 ,
18.
11.8
5.4
7.
14.
21 .
24,
19,
1 1 ,
5.
5.
4.
6.
13,
19,
20,
18.
1 1 ,
5,
5,
4,
6.
13.
19.
21 .
18.
10.
5.
5.
3,
6.5
12.8
18.
20.
16.
10.
5.
5.
3.
7,
1 3,
1 9,
23,
16,
1 0,
5,
5,
4
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
16 to 19 years
16to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over . . .
3,820
1 ,477
680
301
381
797
2,344
2, 105
236
3,610
1 ,462
695
319
367
767
2, 148
1,918
231
3,932
1 ,534
721
312
410
813
2,400
2,133
264
7.3
13.1
17.9
21 .
15.
10.
5.
5.
3,
7.2
13.1
17.4
22.0
15.1
10.8
5.6
5.9
3.6
7.
1 3.
18.
20.
16.
10.
5.
5.
3,
7.
13.
18.
20.
16 .
10.
5.
5.
3.
Total, 16 years and over
16to24years
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
55 years and over
1
Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Employment status of black and other workers
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted'
Employment statu*
Civilian nonlnstltutlonal population..
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio*
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Feb.
1985
Jan.
1986
Feb,
1986
Feb.
1985
Oct.
1985
Nov.
1985
Dec .
1985
Jan.
1986
Feb.
1 986
24.325
15>130
62.2
12,942
53.2
2.189
14.5
9,195
24,886
15,546
62.5
13,538
54.4
2,008
12.9
9,340
24,932
15,627
62.7
13,540
54.3
2,086
13.4
9,306
24,325
15,358
63.1
13,153
54.1
2,205
14.4
8,967
24,688
15,594
63.2
13,488
54.6
2,106
13.5
9,094
24,736
15,660
63.3
13,452
54.4
2,208
14.1
9,076
24,785
15,731
63.5
13,617
54.9
2,1 14
13.4
9,054
24,886
15,851
63.7
13,820
55.5
2,031
12.8
9,035
24,932
15,869
63.6
13,763
55.2
2, 106
13.3
9,063
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
* Civilian employment as a percent of the civilian nonlnstltutlonal population.
Table A-11. Occupational status of the employed and unemployed, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers In thousands)
Unemployment rate
Civilian employed
Occupation
Total, 16 years and over'
Feb.
1985
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1985
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1985
Feb.
1986
104,690
106,685
8,902
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Professional specialty
25,693
11,987
13,706
26,094
12,246
13,847
603
345
257
633
362
271
Technical, sales, and administrative support
Technicians and related support
Sales occupations
Administrative support, Including clerical
32,739
3,202
12,344
17,193
33,704
3,364
12,693
17,647
1 ,775
112
761
902
1 ,871
138
824
910
5.3
3.9
6. 1
4.9
Service occupations
Private household
Protective service
Service, except private household and protective
14,257
1 ,030
1 ,652
11,575
14,610
962
1 ,755
11,893
1 ,398
60
82
1 ,256
1 ,470
67
108
1 ,295
9. 1
6.5
5.8
9.8
Precision production, craft, and repair
Mechanics and repairers
Construction trades
Other precision production, craft, and repair
12,842
4,414
4,395
4,033
12,835
4,414
4,497
3,923
1 ,259
265
698
296
1 ,347
276
759
31 1
8.9
5.7
13.7
6.8
9.5
5.9
14.4
7.4
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Machine operators, assemblers, and Inspectors
Transportation and material moving occupations
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Construction laborers
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
16,258
7,815
4,478
3,965
532
3,433
16,699
7,822
4,361
4,516
605
3,91 1
2,457
1 ,071
533
853
227
625
2,345
938
577
831
223
607
13.1
12.1
10.6
17.7
29.9
15.4
12,
10,
1 1 ,
15,
27,
13,
2,901
2,743
387
12.8
Farming, forestry, and fishing
'Persons with no previous work experience and those whose last job was in the Armed
Forces are included in the unemployed total.
426
7.8
2.3
2.8
1 .8
2.4
2.9
1 .9
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers In thousands)
Civilian labor force
Veteran status
and age
Civilian
nonlnstltutlonal
population
Unemployed
Employed
Total
Percent of
labor force
Number
Feb.
1985
Feb.
1986
Feb.
1985
Feb.
1 986
Feb.
1985
Feb.
1986
7,580
6,511
1 ,482
3,394
1 ,635
1 ,069
7,700
6,416
1 ,253
3, 134
2,029
1 ,284
7,084
6,243
1 ,423
3,258
1 ,562
841
7,142
6,128
1 ,183
3,011
1 ,934
1,014
6,668
5,869
1 ,300
3,089
1 ,480
799
6,680
5,711
1 ,072
2,796
1 ,843
969
Feb.
1985
Feb.
1 986
Feb.
1 985
Feb.
1 986
6.2
6.9
5.3
6. 1
6.5
6.8
6.0
6.8
VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 30 years and over
30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 years and over
416
374
123
169
82
42
462
41 7
1 1 1
215
91
45
NONVETERANS
Total, 30 to 44 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
16,870
7,767
4,807
4,296
17,998
8,250
5,543
4,205
15,946
7,403
4,518
4,025
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served In the Armed Forces between
August 5.1964 and May 7,1975. Nonveterans are men who have never served In the Armed Forces; published data are limited to those 30 to 44 years of age, the group that most
closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population.
16,982
7,835
5,238
3,909
14,954
6,893
4,280
3,781
15,874
7,306
4,926
3,642
992
510
238
244
1 , 1 08
529
312
267
Data for 25- to 29-year-old veterans are no longer shown In this table because the group
Is rapidly disappearing (into the 30-34 age category) and the numbers remaining for some
labor force categories are not large enough to warrant their continued publication.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A 13. Employment status of the civilian population for eleven large States
(Numbers m thousands)
Stata and employment state*
Feb.
1985
Jan.
1086
Feb.
1986
Peb.
1985
Oct.
1985
Nov.
198?
Dec.
1985
Jan.
1986
Feb.
1986
19 , 4 1 9
12,870
11,915
955
7.4
19,806
12,951
12, 102
849
6.6
19 ,839
13,119
12,105
1,013
7.7
19,419
12,938
12,045
893
6.9
19,700
13,070
12,076
994
7.6
19,736
12,944
12,056
888
6.9
19,771
12,951
12,086
865
6.7
19,806
12,966
12 ,211
755
5.8
19 ,839
13,187
12,232
955
7.2
8,809
5,308
4,999
30 9
5.8
9,038
5,344
5,043
301
5.6
9,058
5,381
5,092
289
5.4
8,809
5,354
5,023
331
6.2
8,975
5,336
5,078
258
4.8
8,996
5,359
5,069
290
5.4
9,017
5,380
5,081
299
5.6
9,038
5,38 2
5,095
287
5.3
9,058
5,423
5,112
311
5.7
8,633
5,571
5,048
523
9.4
8,660
5,629
5,143
486
8.6
8,661
5,640
5,070
570
10.1
8,633
5,623
5,128
495
8.8
8,652
5,720
5,182
538
9.4
8,655
5,674
5,135
539
9.5
8,658
5,685
5,187
498
8.8
8,660
5,666
5,228
438
7.7
8,661
5 ,694
5,151
543
9.5
4,535
3,031
2,898
133
4.4
4,569
3,039
2,916
123
4.1
4,572
3,027
2,898
129
4.3
4,535
3,078
2,961
117
3.8
4,560
3,039
2,922
117
3.8
4,563
3,037
2,909
128
4.2
4,566
3,060
2,936
124
4.1
4,569
3,068
2,975
•93
3.0
4,572
3,072
2 ,959
113
3.7
Civilian noninstltutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
6,773
4,313
3,873
440
10.2
6,825
4,316
3,913
404
9.4
6,829
4,234
3,885
399
9.3
6 ,773
4,369
3,947
422
9.7
6,811
4,355
3,922
433
9.9
6,816
4,399
3,997
402
9.1
6,821
4,417
4,072
345
7.8
6,825
4,404
4,031
373
8 .5
6,829
4,338
3,954
38 4
8.9
Civilian noninstltutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
5,870
3,820
3,567
253
6.6
5,920
3,848
3,584
264
6.9
5,924
3,888
3,640
248
6.4
5,870
3,849
3,613
236
6.1
5,907
3,854
3,614
240
6.2
5,911
3,895
3,663
232
6.0
5,916
3,886
3,661
225
5.8
5,920
3,888
3,649
239
6.1
5 ,924
3,914
3,683
231
5.9
13,662
8,075
7,499
576
7.1
13,709
8,419
7,858
561
6.7
13,712
8 ,296
7,687
609
7.3
13,662
8,146
7,610
536
6.6
13,696
8,513
7,950
563
6.6
13,700
8,510
7,967
543
6.4
13,705
8,477
7,934
543
6.4
13,709
8,449
7,919
530
6.3
13,712
8 ,376
7,804
572
6.8
4,621
3,017
2,816
201
6.7
4,699
3,147
2,961
186
5.9
4,706
3,159
2,979
181
5.7
4,621
3,056
2,869
187
6. 1
4,678
3,182
3,040
142
4.5
4,685
3,195
3,048
147
4.6
4,692
3,215
3,067
148
4.6
4,699
3,198
3,020
178
5.6
4, 706
3 ,200
3,032
168
5.2
8,053
4,988
4,525
46 4
9.3
8,083
5,121
4,647
474
9.3
8,084
5,212
4,740
472
9.1
8,053
5,135
4,678
457
8.9
8,075
5,154
4,688
466
9.0
8,077
5,181
4,723
458
8.8
8,080
5,186
4,749
437
8.4
8,083
5,226
4,758
463
9.0
8,084
5,357
4,890
467
8.7
Civilian nonlnetltutlonal population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
9,193
5,362
4,863
499
9.3
9,191
5,477
5,033
444
8.1
9,189
5,491
5,040
451
8.2
9 ,193
5,482
5,034
448
8.2
9,191
5,537
5,106
431
7.8
9,191
5,412
4,976
436
8.1
9 ,191
5,536
5,104
432
7.8
9,191
5,583
5,162
421
7.5
9,189
5,619
5 ,219
400
7.1
CMHen noninstltutionet population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
11,647
7,906
7 ,348
558
7.1
11 ,822
7,884
7,341
543
6.9
11,837
7,901
7,209
693
8.8
11 ,647
7,986
7 ,449
537
*.7
11,774
8,111
7,461
650
8.0
11,790
8,104
7,538
566
7.0
11,806
8,049
7 ,489
560
7 .0
11,822
7,972
7,462
510
6.4
11 ,837
7,990
7,319
671
8 .4
California
Civilian noninstltutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Florida
Civilian noninstltutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Illlnoto
Civilian noninstltutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Massacnueetta
Civilian noninstltutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Michigan
New York
Civilian noninstltutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Noflh CaioHfM
Civilian noninstltutional population.
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
OMo
Civilian noninstltutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
PefMtsytvanls
< These are tha official Bureau of Labor Statlatlea' eetlmatee uaad In tha admlnlatratlon of
Federal fund allocation programs.
' The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, Identical numbers
appear In the unadluated and tha aeasonally adjusted columns.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonagriculturai payrolls by industry
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Total .
Total private
Goods-producing
Mining
Oil and gas extraction
Construction
General building contractors
Feb.
1985
Dec .
1985
Jan
1986P
95,271
99,729
98,046
98,332 96,591
98,559
98,801
99,086
99,507
78,898
82,999
81,576
81 ,571 80,480
82,073
82,317
82,573
83,026
'4,360!
25,052
24,685
24,506
25,062
25,051
25,089
25,155
25,317
9 601
619.2
950
609.4
939
604.0
918
584.4
976
620
960
610
954
605
952
603
948
599
4,713
4,028
I ,085.7 1,266.2
4,482
1,220.8
4,347
1,180.0
4,525
1,214
4,753
1,262
4,754
1,269
4,770
1,274
4,9 09
1,328
Feb
1986 P
Feb.
1985
Oct .
1985
Nov.
1985
Dec .
1985
Jan.
1986P
Manufacturing
Production workers
19,372
13,187
19,389
13,171
19,264
13,059
19,241
13,048
19,561
13,347
19,338
13,140
19,381
13,169
19,433
13,219
19,460
13,231
Durable goods
Production workers
11 ,580
7,728
11,511
7,625
11,450
7,571
11 ,426 11,675
7,552
7,806
1!,493
7,627
11,512
7,636
11,534
7,651
11,546
7,655
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Blast furnaces and basic steel products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods . . . .
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .
Leather and leather products
Service-producing.
Transportation and public utilities . . . .
Trqn<;nn' , t =tlir.n
Communication and public utilities
Wholesale trade .
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Retail trade
General merchandise stores
Food stores
Automotive dealers and service stations
Eating and drinking places
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance
Insurance
Real e s t a t e . . .
. . .
Services . .
Business services
Health services
Government
Federal
State
Local
p = preliminary
674.9
498.8
571.6
836.0
310
1,473.8
2,223.7
2,238.6
1,968.2
872.0
7 21.8,
37 2.71
7,7 9 2!
5,4591
698,
502,
595.
799,
297,
1,464,
2,137,
2,185,
2,028,
877,
726,
372,
7,878
5, 546
6
4
5
8
2
1,4
2,1
2,1
2,0 18.0
864.3
723.0
36 6 . 5
688
497
578
800
297
1,446
2, 124
2,181
2,016
859.8
721.8
371.0
704
498
600
840
313
1,483
2,224
2,248
1,972
87 6
725
381
708
496
600
799
292
1,465
2, 143
2, 179
2,008
872
722
373
712
497
601
804
299
1,466
2, 137
2, 180
2,017
868
723
375
715
499
604
810
303
1,463
2, 133
2,186
2,025
875
725
374
721
499
607
803
299
1,463
2, 135
2, 190
2,026
874
725
377
7,814
5,488
7,815
5,496
7,886
5,541
7,845
5,513
7,869
5,533
7,899
5,568
7,914
5,576
1 ,633
66
712
1,175
682
1,406
1,052
184
799
177
1,636
64
698
1, 158
682
1,431
1 ,036
170
795
175
1,638
65
700
1, 160
688
1,442
1,033
169
800
174
1 ,655
64
700
1,171
686
1,442
1,033
169
804
175
I ,652
65
7 02
1,173
689
1,450
1 ,032
169
810
172
' 1,57 2
66
70 7
1, 173
67 6
1 ,403
1,04 5
180.0
79 2.5
17 4.0
,641.4
67.5
701.2
,160.7
685.9
,451.1
,029 .9
167.2
799.4
173.5
70,911
74,677
73,361
73,508
73,712
73,931
5,201
2,971
2,230
5,377
3, 140
2,237
5,286
3,064
2,222
5,278
3,059
2,219
5,272
3,029
2,243
5,327
3,087
2,240
5,342
3,106
2,236
5,350
3,115
2,235
5,360
3, 127
2,233
5,648
3,345
2,303
5,855
3,473
2,382
5,836
3,472
2,364
5,853
3,487
2,366
5,697
3,367
2,330
5,830
3,454
2,376
5,833
3,464
2,369
5,848
3,473
2,375
5,874
3,489
2,385
17 , 6 1 0
2,365
2,869
1 ,912
5,758
17,640
2,367
2,865
1,914
5,774
17,702
2,353
2,882
1,916
5,803
17 ,840
2,367
2,914
1,929
5,819
5,809
2,919
1,789
1, 101
6,011
3,023
1 ,837
1,151
6,048
3,038
1,850
1,160
6,068
3,054
1 ,852
1 , 162
6, 100
3,070
1,862
1,168
22,427 21,480
22,152
21 ,272
22,360
4,324
4,249.8 4,625.4 4,555.9 4,584.3
6, 186
6, 168.0 6,376.1 6,392.9 6,425.5
22,244
4,539
6,333
22,365
4,571
6,363
22,450
4,607
6,389
22,535
4,621
6,406
16,486
2,892
3,827
9,767
16,484
2,904
3,833
9,747
16,513
2,914
3,827
9,772
16,481
2,910
3,832
9,739
16,662
2,265.0
2,751.9
1 ,838.1
5,309.2
5,755
2,909
1 ,786
1 ,060
16,373
2,819
3,819
9.735
1,602.
66,
698.
1,154.
684,
1,448,
1,023,
164,
800,
168,
17,572
18,304
2,661.1 2 , 4 3 2 . 8
2,942.4 2 , 9 0 2 . 7
1,910.7 1 , 9 1 1 . 8
5,750.6 5 , 5 3 4 . 2
6,051
3,051
1,852
1, 148
16,730
2,902
3,900
9,928
6,045
3,061
1,858
1,126
16,470
2,884
3,798
9,788
1,598.0
64
700
1,155
685.0
1,450
1,024
164
803
168.0
73,826 71,529
17,436 17 ,160
2,318.6
2,343
2,896.8
2,773
1,910.3
1 ,865
5,562.6
5,588
6,071
3,070
1 ,873
1, 128
16 , 7 6 1
2,897
3,921
9,943
16,111
2,834
3,733
9,544
74,190
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