Full text of The Employment Situation : February 1982
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Bureau of Labor Statistics
Contact:
Debbie Sprinkle
Carol Leon
Kathryn Hoyle
(202)
(202)
523-1371
523-1944
523-1913
523-1208
United States
Department
of Labor
Washington, D.C. 20212
USDL 82-89
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS
EMBARGOED UNTIL 9:00 A.M. (EST), FRIDAY,
MARCH 5, 1982
Advance copies of this release are made available to the press with
the explicit understanding that, prior to 9 a.m. Eastern time: (1)
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in this release, (2) electronic media will not feed such information to
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contact anyone outside the Bureau of Labor Statistics to ask questions
or solicit comments about information in this release.
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:
FEBRUARY 1982
Unemployment rose in February and employment remained near January levels, the Bureau of
Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The Nation's jobless rate
returned to the December level of 8.8 percent after declining to 8.5 percent in January.
Total employment—as derived from the monthly survey of households—was 99.6 million in
February, about the same as in the prior 2 months. Nonfarm payroll employment—as derived from
the monthly survey of establishments—;was 90.9 million, also about unchanged from January but
down somewhat from the December level.
Since the pre-recession peak of last July, the two
employment series have declined by 1.3 million and 950,000, respectively.
Unemployment
The number of unemployed persons in February, at 9.6 million, was up 280,000 over the month,
after declining by a similar magnitude in January. The jobless total was 1.8 million above the
July 1981 level. February's jobless rate was 8.8 percent, equaling the December figure and up
from last July's low of 7.2 percent.
Adult women accounted for most of the February increase in unemployment. An over-the-month
rise of 0.4 percentage point brought their jobless rate to 7.6 percent, the same as that for
adult men.
Both white and black women shared in the unemployment
increase.
Overall
unemployment rates for white and black workers returned to their December levels of 7.7 and 17.3
percent, respectively. There was also Increased joblessness among white-collar and part-time
workers.
Unemployment rates for most other worker groups, including adult men, teenagers (22.3
percent), Hispanics (12.6 percent), blue-collar workers (12.5 percent), and workers in the
construction (18.1 percent) and manufacturing Industries (10.6 percent) showed little or no
change. (See tables A-l, A~2, and A-5.)
The February rise in unemployment reflected an increase in the number of persons who left
their last job and those who returned to the labor force after a period of absence. The number
of workers on layoff fell for the second consecutive month but remained half a million above the
July level. (See table A-7.) Workers who have been unemployed for 3 months or more increased in
number in February, and the average (mean) duration of joblessness lengthened to 14.1 weeks.
(See table A-6.)
The number of persons working part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as the
"partially unemployed") rose by nearly half a million over the month to a record 5.6 million.
Nearly all of the increase was attributable to persons who usually work full time.
(See table
A-3.)
- 3 - 2 -
many industries, however, as over-the-month job gains were registered in less than half of the
172 industries comprising the BLS diffusion index of nonagricultural payroll employment. (See
tables B-l and B-6.)
Total employment was at the 99.6 million level foif the third consecutive month, after
declining by 1.3 million between July and December. Virtually all of this drop took place among
adult men and teenagers. The employment-population ratio (the percentage of the
population
employed) continued to edge down and in February was 57.3 percent; the percentage has declined
1.2 percentage points since last July to its lowest level in 4-1/2 years.
Manufacturing employment fell by about 45,000 in February; this contrasts with declines of
more than 200,000 in each of the previous 4 months. The February drop was evenly divided
between the durable and nondurable goods industries. Among durables, small declines continued
the employment downtrend in most industries, including machinery, primary metals, and fabricated
metals, while employment rose slightly in transportation equipment. Transportation equipment
jobs had dropped by 185,000 between September and January. In nondurable goods, the largest
decrease occurred in rubber and plastics.
Total Employment and the Labor Force
The civilian labor force returned to the December level of 109.2 million and was up by only
1.3 million over the year. Adult women comprised the bulk of this gain. (See table A-l.)
Industry Payroll Employment
Total nonagricultural payroll employment was about unchanged in February at 90.9 million,
seasonally adjusted, following 4 months of decline. Employment losses continued to occur in
Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
Category
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Civilian labor force
Total employment
Unemployment
Not in labor force
Discouraged workers
Unemployment rates:
All workers
Adult men
Adult women
Teenager
White
Black
Hispanic o r i g i n
Full-time workers
| Quarterly averages
|
Monthly data
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I Jan. | 1980 |
1981
| 1981 |
1982
| Feb.
I
I
I
1
I
t
I change
| IV
| III | IV
| Dec. I Jan. I Feb. |
I
I
Thousands of persons
1107,523J108,6671109,1561109,184| 108,8791109,165|
286
I 99,498| 100,6541100,043) 99,613) 99,581) 99,590|
9
t 8,025| 8,013| 9,113| 9,571| 9,2981 9,575|
277
1 61,1711 61,746| 61,834) 61,982) 62,4561 62,324|
-132
I 1,063| 1,094| 1,199|
N.A.)
N.A.)
N.A.|
N.A.
I
!
!
!
!
I
!
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Nonfarm payroll employment
Goods-producing industries
Service-producing industries
Average weekly hours:
Total private nonfarm
Manufacturing
Manufacturing overtime
p-preliminary.
I
7.5|
6.3|
6.7|
18.21
6.6|
15.1|
10.11
7-31
!
Percent of labor
I
I
I
7.41
8.31
8.81
6.0|
7.2|
7.9|
6.71
7.2|
7.4|
19-11
21.11
21.5|
6.4|
7.3|
7.71
15.8|
17.0|
17.3|
9.8|
11.11
11.0)
7.0|
8.11
8.7|
!
I
'
force
I
8.5|
7-51
7.2|
21.7|
7.5|
16.8|
12.0)
8.4|
l
I
8.8)
7.6|
7.6)
22.3|
7.7|
17.3|
12.6|
8.51
I
35.3|
39.8|
2.9J
!
I
35.1)
39.8|
2.91
j
In the service-producing sector, retail trade rose in February by about 60,000, following an
even larger increase in the previous month; however, these advances may be related to lighter
than usual pre-Christmas hiring, and hence the post-Christmas reduction in jobs was less than
seasonally expected.
Since October, employment in retail trade was up by a modest 25,000.
After pausing in January, the services industry job count resumed its upward course, rising by
about 55,000 in February. Employment in government—which has been losing jobs over the past
year—decreased by about 40,000 over the month, with reductions occurring at both the Federal
and the State and local levels.
Hours of Work
The average workweek of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls rose by seven-tenths of an hour in February, following a weather-related decline of the
same magnitude In January. The manufacturing workweek, at 39.1 hours, was up 0.1 hour over the
2-month period, as a 1.8-hour February increase slightly exceeded the January drop. Factory
overtime held steady in February at 2.3 hours. (See table B-2.)
Reflecting principally the over-the-month increase in the length of the workweek, the Index
of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls
rose by 2.3 percent in February to 106.5 (1977-100), while the manufacturing index was up by 4.8
percent.
Both Indexes remained below their December levels. (See table B-5.) Since July, the
overall index has dropped by 2.7 percent and the factory index has fallen by 9.1 percent.
Hourly and Weekly Earnings
Average hourly earnings edged up 0.1 percent in February, while average weekly earnings rose
2.2 percent, seasonally adjusted. Before adjustment for seasonality, average hourly earnings
were down 1 cent in February to $7.54, 48 cents above the year-earlier level. Average weekly
earnings, at $260.88, rose $5.69 over the month and $13.78 over the year. (See table B-3.)
l
I
I
Thousands of jobs
| 90,820| 91,938) 91,489| 91,113)90,839p|90,936p|
1 25,594| 25,933| 25,395| 25,104|24,764p|24,789p|
1 65,227) 66,0051 66,094( 66,009)66,075p|66,147p(
I
!
!
!
!
!
!
I
I
)
I
|
\
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.6
0.2
0.5
0.6
0.1
Elsewhere In the goods-producing sector, construction employment, which had been severely
depressed in January because of especially bad weather conditions, rose by about 80,000 in
February. This increase, however, was not large enough to erase the January decline, and
construction employment was down by about 45,000 over the 2-month period. Mining jobs edged
down for the second month in a row.
Hours of work
I
I
I
I
35.0|
3 4 . 9 | 34.2p| 34.9p|
39.3)
3 9 . 0 | 37.3p| 39. lp|
2-51
2.4)
2.3p|
2.3p)
|
!
!
j
N.A."not available.
The Hourly Earnings Index
97p
25p
72p
0.7p
1.8p
Op
The Hourly Earnings Index (HE!) was 145.1 (1977-100) in February, seasonally adjusted, 0.1
percent higher than in January.
For the 12 months ended in February, the increase (before
seasonal adjustment) was 7.5 percent. The HEI excludes the effects of two types of changes
unrelated to underlying wage rate movements—fluctuations in overtime in manufacturing and
interindustry employment shifts. In dollars of constant purchasing power, the HEI Increased 0.2
percent during the 12-month period ended in January. (See table B-4.)
Explanatory Note
This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (household
survey) and the Current Employment Statistics Survey
(establishment survey). The household survey provides
the information on the labor force, total employment,
and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked
HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about
60,000 households that is conducted by the Bureau of
the Census with most of the findings analyzed and
published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on
the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonagricultural payrolls that appears in the B tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information
is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation
with State agencies. The sample includes approximately
166,000 establishments employing about 35 million
people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month are actually collected for and relate to a particular week. In
the household survey, unless otherwise indicated, it is
the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the
month, which is called the survey week. In the establishment survey, the reference week is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond
directly to the calendar week.
The data in this release are affected by a number of
technical factors, including definitions, survey differences, seasonal adjustments, and the inevitable
variance in results between a survey of a sample and a
census of the entire population. Each of these factors is
explained below.
Coverage, definitions and differences between surveys
The sample households in the household survey are
selected so as to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutiona! population 16 years of age and older. Each person in a household is classified as employed,
unemployed, or not in the labor force. Those who hold
more than one job are classified according to the job at
which they worked the most hours.
People are classified as employedif they did any work
at all as paid civilians; worked in their own business or
profession or on their own farm; or worked 15 hours or
more in an enterprise operated by a member of their
family, whether they were paid or not. People are also
counted as employed if they were on unpaid leave
because of illness, bad weather, disputes between labor
and management, or personal reasons.
People are classified as unemployed, regardless of
their eligibility for unemployment benefits or public
assistance, if they meet all of the following criteria:
They had no employment during the survey week; they
were available for work at that time; and they made
specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
prior 4 weeks. Also included among the unemployed are
persons not looking for work because they were laid off
and waiting to be recalled and those expecting to report
to a job within 30 days.
The civilian labor force equals the sum of the number
employed and the number unemployed. The unemployment rate is the percentage of unemployed people in the
civilian labor force. Table A-4 presents a special grouping of seven measures of unemployment based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force.
The definitions are provided in the table. The most
restrictive definition yields U-l, and the most comprehensive yields U-7. The official unemployment rate
isU-5.
Unlike the household survey, the establishment
survey only counts wage and salary employees whose
names appear on the payroll records of nonagricultural
firms. As a result, there are many differences between
the two surveys, among which are the following:
—The household survey, although based on a
smaller sample, reflects a larger segment of the population; the establishment survey excludes agriculture, the
self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private
household workers;
—The household survey includes people on unpaid
leave among the employed; the establishment survey
does not;
—The household survey is limited to those 16 years
of age and older; the establishment survey is not limited
by age;
—The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because each individual is counted only once;
in the establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job or otherwise appearing on more than one
payroll would be counted separately for each
appearance.
Other differences between the two surveys are
described in "Comparing Employment Estimates from
Household and Payroll Surveys," which may be obtained from the BLS upon request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over a course of a year, the size of the Nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events
as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing
of schools. For example, the labor force increases by a
large number each June, when schools close and many
young people enter the job market. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large; over the course of a
year, for example, seasonality may account for as much
as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in
unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical
trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from
month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in economic activity or
increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. To return to the school's-out example, the large number of people entering the labor
force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place since May, making it difficult to
determine if the level of economic activity has risen or
declined. However, because the effect of students
finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics
for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is
made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more
useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic
activity.
Measures of civilian labor force, employment, and
unemployment contain components such as age and sex.
Statistics for all employees, production workers,
average weekly hours, and average hourly earnings include components based on the employer's industry. All
these statistics can be seasonally adjusted either by adjusting the total or by adjusting each of the components
and combining them. The second procedure usually
yields more accurate information and is therefore
followed by BLS. For example, the seasonally adjusted
figure for the civilian labor force is the sum of eight
seasonally adjusted employment components and four
seasonally adjusted unemployment components; the
total for unemployment is the sum of the four
unemployment components; and the official unemployment rate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of
total unemployment by the estimate of the civilian labor
force.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are recalculated regularly. For the household
survey, the factors are calculated for the January-June
period and again for the July-December period. The
January revision is applied to data that have been
published over the previous 5 years. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal adjustment
are calculated only once a year, along with the introduction of new benchmarks which are discussed at the end
of the next section.
Sampling variability
Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to sampling error, that is, the
estimate of the number of people employed and the
other estimates drawn from these surveys probably differ from thefiguresthat would be obtained from a complete census, even if the same questionnaires and procedures were used. In the household survey, the amount
of the differences can be expressed in terms of standard
errors. The numerical value of a standard error depends
upon the size of the sample, the results of the survey,
and other factors. However, the numerical value is
always such that the chances are 68 out of 100 that an
estimate based on the sample will differ by no more than
the standard error from the results of a complete census.
The chances are 90 out of 100 that an estimate based on
the sample will differ by no more than 1.6 times the
standard error from the results of a complete census. At
the 90-percent level of confidence--the confidence limits
used by BLS in its analyses-the error for the monthly
change in total employment is on the order of plus or
minus 279,000; for total unemployment it is 194,000;
and, for the overall unemployment rate, it is 0.19
percentage point. These figures do not mean that the
sample results are off by these magnitudes but, rather,
that the chances are 90 out of 100 that the "true" level
or rate would not be expected to differ from the
estimates by more than these amounts.
Sampling errors for monthly surveys are reduced
when the data are cumulated for several months, such
as quarterly or annually. Also, as a general rule,
the smaller the estimate, the larger the sampling
error. Therefore, relatively speaking, the estimate
of the size of the labor force is subject to less
error than is the estimate of the number unemployed.
And, among the unemployed, the sampling error for the
jobless rate of adult men, for example, is much smaller
than is the error for the jobless rate of teenagers.
Specifically, the error on monthly change in the jobless
rate for men is .24 percentage point; for teenagers, it is
1.06 percentage points.
In the establishment survey, estimates for the 2 most
current months are based on incomplete returns; for this
reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the
tables. When all the returns in the sample have been
received, the estimates are revised. In other words, data
for the month of September are published in
preliminary form in October and November and in final
form in December. To remove errors that build up over
time, a comprehensive count of the employed is conducted each year. The results of this survey are used to
establish new benchmarks—comprehensive counts of
employment—against which month-to-month changes
can be measured. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries and allow for
the formation of new establishments.
Additional statistics and other information
In order to provide a broad view of the Nation's
employment situation, BLS regularly publishes a wide
variety of data in this news release. More comprehensive
statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings,
published each month by BLS. It is available for $3.75
per issue or S31.00 per year from the U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20204. A check or
money order made out to the Superintendent of
Documents must accompany all orders.
Employment and Earnings also provides approximations of the standard errors for the household survey
data published in this release. For unemployment and
other labor force categories, the standard errors appear
in tables B through J of its "Explanatory Notes."
Measures of the reliability of the data drawn from the
establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision
due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables
M, P, Q, and R of that publication.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Employment, status, sex, end age
Feb.
1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
Feb.
1981
Oct.
1981
Nov.
1981
Dec.
1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces'
Civilian noninstitutional population'
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
173.657
171,400
2,121
169,233
107,015
63.2
98.401
57.4
2,821
95.580
8,614
8.0
62.264
73.495
2,159
71,335
08,3 14
63.0
97,831
56.4
2,883
94.948
10.183
9.4
63,321
173,657
2,168
171.489
108.324
63.2
97.946
56.4
2.853
95,093
10.378
9.6
63,165
171,400
2.121
169,280
108.034
63.8
100,069
58.4
3.346
96.723
7.965
7.4
61.246
172.966
2.158
170,809
109.012
63.8
100.343
58.0
3.378
96.965
8.669
8.0
61.797
173,155
2. 158
170.996
109,272
6 3.9
100. 172
57.9
3.372
96.800
9.100
8.3
61.724
173.330
2.164
171.166
109.184
63.8
99.613
57.5
3.209
96.404
9.571
8.8
61.982
173.495
2.159
171.335
108.879
63.5
99.581
57.4
3.411
96. 170
9.298
8.5
62.456
,062
953
112
,013
76.2
93 7
68.2
,07 3
3
83,054
1.975
81.079
61,417
75.8
55.300
66.6
6.117
10.0
83.129
1,983
81.146
61.453
75.7
55,269
66.5
6,184
10.1
82.062
1.950
80*112
61.750
77.1
57.331
69.9
4.419
7.2
82.807
1.976
80,831
62.064
76.8
57.266
69.2
4,798
7.7
82.695
1.974
80.921
62,184
76.8
57.051
68.8
5. 133
8.3
82.978
1.980
80.999
62.303
76.9
56.725
68.4
5.578
9.0
83.054
1.975
81.079
61.966
76.4
56.629
68.2
5.338
8.6
,607
,657
• 951
,543
78.6
,505
71.3
.136
,369
,043
7. 1
74.810
1.690
73,120
57.226
78.3
52.162
69.7
2,163
49.998
5.065
8.9
74,906
1.697
73.209
57.328
78.3
52.221
69.7
2,169
50.052
5.108
8.9
73.607
1.657
71,951
56,816
79-0
53,383
72.5
2.349
51.034
3.433
6.0
74,502
1.707
72,795
57,355
78.8
53.504
71.8
2.413
51.091
3,351
6.7
74.610
1.689
72.921
57.459
78.8
53.354
71.5
2.382
50.972
4, 105
7.1
.714
.694
.020
.665
79.0
.122
71.1
.311
.811
.543
7.9
.810
.690
,120
.368
78.5
.047
70.9
.390.
.657
.322
7.5
74.906
1,697
73.209
57.448
78.5
53.097
.338
170
» 167
.005
51.6
.464
47.5
.542
7.7
90,441
184
90.256
46.597
51.6
42.531
47.0
4.066
8.7
90,528
185
90.343
46,871
51.9
42,677
47.1
4,194
8.9
89,338
170
89,167
46,264
51.9
42,738
47.8
3.546
7.7
93.159
181
89,978
46,948
52.2
43,077
47.8
3,871
8.2
90.259
184
90.075
47.088
52.3
43.121
47.8
3.967
8.4
.352
185
.167
,881
52.0
888
47.5
.993
8.5
90.. 441
184
90.256
46,913
52.0
42.952
47.5
3,960
8.4
90.528
185
81,107
140
80,966
42,073
52.0
39,249
48.4
467
38.782
2.825
6.7
82.415
155
82.260
42.873
52.1
39.603
48.1
489
39,115
3,269
7.6
82,523
156
82.367
43,140
52.4
39,788
48.2
476
39,312
3.352
7.8
81. 107
140
80.966
41.974
51.8
39.211
48.3
616
38,595
2.763
6.6
82,074
154
81,9 20
42,831
52.3
39,814
48.5
596
39.218
3,017
7.0
82.193
155
82.038
42.987
52.4
39.878
48.5
635
39.243
3.109
7.2
306
156
.151
.888
52.2
.713
48.3
572
.141
.175
7.4
82.415
155
82.260
42.868
52.1
39.764
48.2
649
39.115
3,104
7.2
82.523
156
82,367
43,031
52.2
6,686
323
6.363
8,394
51.3
6,647
39.8
218
6.428
1.747
20.8
16,269
314
15.955
7.915
49.6
6.066
37.3
231
5.835
1.849
23.4
16,228
316
15.913
7.856
49.4
5.937
36.6
208
5,729
1,918
24.4
16,686
323
16.363
9.244
56.5
7,475
44.8
381
7.094
1,769
19.1
16.390
297
16,093
8.826
54.8
7.025
42.9
369
6.656
1.801
20.1*
16,351
314
16.037
8.826
55.0
6,940
42.4
355
6.585
1.886
21.4
,310
315
.995
.631
54.0
.778
41.6
326
.452
.853
21.5
6,269
16.228
316
15,913
8,686
54.6
6.748
41.6
2.168
171,489
109.165
63.7
99.590
57.3
3.373
96,217
9.575
8.8
62.324
Men, 16 yean and over
Total noninstitutioneJ population1
,
Armed Forces'
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1 .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
83.129
1.983
81.146
62,042
76.5
56.658
68.2
5.384
8.7
Men, 20 yean and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces'
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
,
Participation rate
Employed .
Employment-population ratio1 .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed.
,
Unemployment rate
70.9
2,386
50.711
4,351
7.6
Women, 1B yean and over
Total noninstitutional population1
Armed Forces'
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1 .
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
90,343
47.123
52.2
42,932
47.4
4.191
8.9
Women, 20 yean and over
Total noninstitutional population1
,
Armed Forces'
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Employment-population ratio1 ,
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
39,744
48.2
628
39,116
3,286
7.6
Both sexes, 16-18 yean
Total noninstitutional population1
,
Armed Forces *
,
1
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Emptoyment-population ratio1 .
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
The population and Armed Forces figures an not adjusted for seasonal variatiom; therefore,
identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
314
5.955
8.643
54.2
6.771
41.6
373
6.398
1,872
21.7
359
6,389
1,938
22.3
* Civilian employment as a percent of the total noninstitutional population (including Armed
Forces).
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
{Numbers in thousands)
Not teuonally adjusted
Seatonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
Feb.
1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
Feb.
1981
Ost.
1981
Nov.
1981
Dec.
1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
WHITE
147,132
93,699
63.7
86,902
6,797
7.3
148.642
94.424
63.4
86.378
8.046
8.5
148.855
94.616
63.6
86.492
8,124
8.6
147.132
94.552
64.3
88.388
6.164
6.5
148.562
95.365
64.2
88,734
6,631
7.0
148.631
95.535
64.3
88,498
7.037
7.4
148,755
95,329
64.1
88,010
7,319
7.7
148,842
95.120
63.9
87.955
7.165
7.5
148,855
95.333
64.0
87.990
7.344
7.7
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
50,101
79.2
46,832
3.268
6.5
50,637
78.8
46.604
4.033
8.0
50,692
78.8
46.624
4,068
8.0
50.344
79.6
47.533
2.711
5.4
50,611
79.3
47,790
3,021
5.9
50,881
79.3
47.649
3,232
6.4
50.948
79.3
47,449
3.499
6.9
50,757
78.9
47.410
3.347
6.6
50,812
79.0
47.430
3.382
6.7
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
36,097
51.4
33,985
2,111
5.8
36.744
51.5
34.242
2.502
6.8
36.984
51.8
34.461
2,523
6.8
35,978
51.2
33.939
2.039
5.7
36,742
51.7
34.517
2.225
6.1
36.832
51.8
34.513
2.319
6.3
36.733
51.6
34.368
2.365
6.4
36,698
51.5
34.380
2.319
6.3
36.860
51.7
34.427
2,433
6.6
7.502
54.9
6,084
1,418
18.9
21.0
16.6
7,042
53-1
5.532
1.511
21-5
23-7
18.9
6.940
52.5
5,407
1.533
22-1
23-8
20.1
8,230
60.3
6.816
1.414
17.2
18.0
16.3
7,812
58.2
6,427
1.385
17.7
17.9
17.5
7.822
58.6
6.336
1.486
19.0
19.6
18.3
7.648
57.4
6.193
1.455
19.0
20.2
17.7
7.665
57.8
6.166
1.499
19.6
20.8
18.2
7,662
58.0
6,133
1.529
20.0
20.4
19.4
18.423
11,024
59-8
9.117
1.907
17.3
18.450
11,036
59.8
9.060
1,977
17.9
18,076
10.951
60.6
9,350
1.601
14.6
18.333
11.188
61-0
9.313
1.875
16.8
18.362
11.207
61.0
9.321
1,886
16.8
18,392
11.226
61.0
9.279
1.947
17.3
18.423
11,188
60.7
9.314
1.874
16.8
18,450
11,205
60.7
9,265
1,939
17.3
Civilian noninstitutional population'
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
*
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population"
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
18.076
10.769
59.6
9. 147
1,622
15.1
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
5.107
73.6
4.424
683
13.4
5.253
73.9
4,322
931
17.7
5.278
74.1
4.343
935
17.7
5.147
74.1
4.531
616
12.0
5,276
74.7
4,498
778
14.7
5,279
74.6
4.461
818
15.5
5,309 |
74.8 i
4,432 !
877
16.5
5,284
74.3
4.424
860
16.3
5,299
74.4
4.450
849
16.0
W o m e n , 20 years and over
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
4.900
55.4
4.266
634
12.9
5.052
55.8
4.380
672
13.3
5.019
55.4
4.308
711
14.2
4.939
55.9
4,285
654
13-2
5.041
56.1
4.341
700
13.9
5,078
56.4
4.385
693
13.6
5,075
56.2
4.360
715
14.1
5.081
56.2
4.406
675
13.3
5.063
55.8
4.330
733
14.5
762
33.2
457
305
40.0
43.0
36.4
720
31.8
416
304
42.3
39.4
45.1
739
32.7
409
331
44.7
46.2
43.2
865
37.7
534
331
38.3
38.2
38.4
871
38.2
474
397
45.6
41.6
49.5
850
37.4
475
375
44.1
41.9
46.6
842
37.1
487
355
42.2
39.6
45.1
823
36.3
484
339
41.2
36.3
46.7
843
37.3
486
357
42.3
40.7
44.2
9.146
5,931
64.5
5,171
730
12.4
9,400
5.915
62.9
5.149
767
13.0
9.341
5.955
63.8
5.166
790
13.3
9.146
6.019
65.8
5.312
707
11.7
9,559
6.074
63.5
5.422
652
10.7
9,556
6.151
64.4
5,446
705
11.5
9.519
6.095
64.0
5.426
669
11-0
9,400
6.054
64.4
5.330
724
12.0
9,341
6.065
64.9
5.298
767
12.6
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Men
Women
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional p o p u l a t i o n '
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variations; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other r a c e s " group are not presented and Hispanics are included
in both the white and black population groups.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Selected employment indicators
(In thousands)
S—sonally adjusted
Category
Feb.
1981
Feb.
1982
98.401
38,425
23,940
4.932
97.946
37,758
23,846
52.874
16.541
11.607
6.276
18,450
30.004
12,263
10.402
3.377
3,962
13.210
2,313
52,986
Oct.
1981
Feb.
1981
Dec.
1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
99.613
38.342
23,691
5.064
99.581
38.234
23.744
5.107
99.590
38,255
23.727
5,158
52.836
16.803
11.091
6.520
18.423
30.203
12.370
52.841
16,612
11.253
6.544
18.432
30.309
12,454
9.955
3.503
4.397
13.612
2.787
Nov.
1981
CHARACTERISTIC
Total employed, 16 years and over
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
100,172
38,553
23,820
100,069
38.944
23.824
4.926
100,343
13.473
2,345
52.739
16.185
11.629
6.397
18.528
31.193
12.684
10.618
3,446
4,445
13.347
2.728
53,199
16,681
11.616
6,400
18.502
30,953
12,446
10,410
3.5B0
4,517
13.525
2,770
53,086
16,657
11.461
6.418
18.550
30.683
12.411
10,220
3,438
4,614
V3.670
2,802
53,084
16.774
11.424
6.450
18.436
30.344
12.446
10,169
3.368
4,361
1.3,639
2,660
3.415
4,451
13.709
2.817
1.131
1.492
199
1.161
1.456
235
1,389
1.637
306
1,502
1,631
261
1,436
1.641
321
1.352
1.602
228
1.377
1.674
380
t.426
1.596
359
88,190
16,117
72.073
1.140
70.933
67,700
15.760
89,104
15.875
73,229
1.190
72.039
7,080
384
89.460
15,491
73,969
1,162
72,807
7,152
451
89,238
15.397
73,841
1,204
72.637
7,141
425
88.991
15.585
73.406
1.291
72.115
7.057
410
88.759
15.578
73.181
1.248
71.932
6.971
410
88.586
15.527
73.059
1.161
71.898
7.055
408
91.287
74,482
4,227
1,650
2,577
12,578
91,384
73.886
5,009
2,006
3,003
12,489
91,323
73,915
5,026
1,945
3,081
12,382
90,922
90.125
72.803
5.071
1.783
3.2 87
12.251
90,892
73.028
5.563
2.193
3.370
12.300
5.163
38,746
23,874
5.045
5.049
OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
16,977
11,242
6,426
18,340
29,142
12.031
9.756
3.433
3.922
9.966
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers.
Government
Private industries
Private households
Other industries
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
7,045
345
71,940
1,113
70,827
7,027
366
PERSONS AT WORK1
Nonagricultural industries
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons . . . . . . .
Usually work full time
Usually work part time
Part time for noneconomic r e a s o n s . . . . .
91.683
74.155
4,021
1.678
2,343
13,507
91,248
72.736
5.289
2,232
3,057
13,223
73,360
5.288
2.121
3.167
12.274
Excludes persons "with a job but not at work" during the survey period for suchreasonsas
vacation, illness, or industrial disputes.
Table A-4. Range of unemployment measures based on varying definitions of unemployment and the labor force,
seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Quarterly averegee
Measures
1980
Monthly data
1981
IV
I
I I
1982
1981
III
IV
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
U-1
Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer as a percent of the civilian labor force
2-2
2.2
2.1
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.5
U-2
Job losers as a percent of the civilian labor force
4.0
3.7
3.7
3.8
4.5
4.9
4.8
4.7
U-3
Unemployed persons 25 years and over as a percent of the civilian labor force 25 years and over
5.3
5.2
5.2
5.3
6-1
6.5
6.3
6.4
U-4
Unemployed full-time jobseekers as a percent of the full-time labor force
7.3
7.1
7.1
7.0
8.1
8.7
8.4
8.5
U-5
Total unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force (official measure)
7.5
7.4
7.4
7.4
8.3
8.8
8.5
8.8
U-6
Total full-time jobseekers plus V> part-time jobseekers plus Vi total on part time for economic
reasons as a percent of the civilian labor force less Vi of the part-time labor force
9.5
9.4
9.4
10.8
11.0
11.4
13.5
10.4
10.4
11.8
N.A.
rJ.A.
U-7
Total full-time jobseekers plus Vi part-time jobseekers plus V4 total on part time for
economic reasons plus discouraged workers as • percent of the civilian labor force plus
discouraged workers less V4 of the part-time labor force
.
11
'
N.A. - not available.
9.3
10.2
11. J
N.A.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Category
Feb.
1981
Feb.
1982
Feb.
1981
Oct.
1981
NOV.
7.4
6.0
6.6
19.1
8.0
6.7
7.0
20.4
8.3
7. 1
7.2
21.4
1981
Dec.
1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
8.8
7.9
8.5
7.5
7.2
21.7
7.6
7.6
22.3
CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16 year* and over
Men, 20 yean and over
Women, 20 year* and over
Both sexes, 16-19 years
7.965
3,433
2,763
1.769
9,575
4,351
3,286
1,938
Married men, spouse present
Married women, spouse present
Women who maintain families
1,668
1.473
533
2,120
1,775
583
4. 1
5.8
9.8
4.8
6.1
10.6
5.2
6.5
10.8
5.3
6.2
10.4
5.3
7.0
10.2
Full-time workers
Part time workers
Labor force time lost1
6.537
1.433
7,897
1,681
7.1
9.1
8.2
7.7
9.5
9.1
8. 1
10.2
9.5
8.4
9.6
10.0
8.5
10.8
9.8
2.063
428
296
274
1.065
3,539
973
1.462
325
779
1.272
140
2,544
526
366
328
1.325
4,326
1,148
1,817
400
961
1,476
145
3.8
2.6
2.5
4.1
5.4
10.2
7.1
12.1
8.6
14.9
8.7
4.9
4.1
2.6
2.8
4.9
6.0
10.9
8.3
12.8
8.0
15.6
9.3
6.2
4.2
2.7
3.0
5.0
6.0
11.8
8.5
14. 1
10.4
16.0
9.7
6.2
4.5
3.4
3.1
4.9
6.2
12.7
9.3
15.5
10.5
16.9
9.6
6.4
4,2
2.9
2-7
4.5
6.3
12-5
9.0
15.4
10.2
16.9
9.2
6.9
4.6
3.1
3.1
4.8
6.7
12.5
8.4
15.4
10.3
17.9
9.8
4.9
6.010
712
1,991
1,210
781
309
1.505
1.430
718
187
7,240
928
2,405
1.551
854
339
1,816
1,663
849
210
7.6
13.7
8.5
8.7
8.3
5.4
7.7
5.9
4.3
11.9
8.1
17.6
8.6
8.6
8.6
4.8
8.4
6.2
4.7
13.4
8.4
17.8
9.4
9.5
9.3
5.5
8.6
6.1
5.2
14.1
9.1
18.1
11.0
11.8
9.6
6.0
8.9
6.4
5.0
14.8
8.8
18.7
10.4
11.0
9.5
6.4
8.7
5.9
4.8
16.2
9.
18,
10.
11.
9,
5,
9.
6.
5.
OCCUPATION*
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managers and administrators, except farm
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives, except transport
Transport equipment operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
INDUSTRY*
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers1 .
Construction
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Nondurable goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wage and salary workers
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic reasons as a parcent of potentially available labor force hours.
1
Unemptoyment by occupation includes all experienced unemployed persons, whereas that by
industry coven only unemployed wage and salary workers.
3
Includes mining, not shown separately.
Table A-6. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Seeaonalty adjusted
Weeks of unemployment
Feb.
1981
Feb.
1982
Feb.
1981
Oct.
1981
Hov.
1981
Dec.
1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
3,089
2.951
2,574
1,267
1.307
3.581
3,782
3.015
1.678
1.337
3,267
2,379
2,322
1.072
1,250
3,707
2.686
2,292
1,166
1.126
3,852
2.682
2.364
1.229
1.135
4,037
3.016
2,372
1.189
1,183
3.852
3.068
2,399
1.210
1 . 190
J.789
3.052
2.724
1.445
1.278
14.3
8.2
14.3
8.5
14.1
7.0
13.6
6.8
13.1
6.9
12.8
6-7
10.5
7.2
14.1
7.3
100.0
35-9
34.3
29.9
14.7
15.2
100.0
34.5
36.4
29.1
16.2
12.9
100.0
41. 0
29.9
29.1
13.5
15.7
100.0
42.7
30.9
26.4
13.4
13.0
100.0
42.3
31-7
26.0
13.5
12.5
100.0
42.8
32.0
25.2
12.6
12.6
100-.0
41.3
32.9
25.7
13.0
12.8
100.0
39.6
31-9
28.5
15.1
13.4
OU RATION
Last than 5 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean! duration, in weeks
Median duration, in weeks
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Lees than 5 weeks
5 t o 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
15 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Reason for unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Feb.
1981
Feb.
1982
Feb.
1981
Oct.
1981
Nov.
1981
Dec1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
4.835
1,781
3.054
882
2,04 1
856
6.132
2.344
3,788
931
2,300
1.015
4.050
1.312
2.738
911
2.020
943
4.573
1.631
2,942
976
2.178
1.002
4,905
1,826
3.079
916
2,339
996
5,343
2.042
3,301
923
2.244
1,021
5.205
1.860
3.345
835
2.079
1,055
5.153
1.740
3.413
964
2.277
1.100
100-0
56.2
20.7
35.5
10.2
23.7
9.9
100.0
59. 1
22.6
36-5
9.0
22.2
9.8
100.0
51.1
16.6
34.6
11.5
25.5
11.9
100.0
52-4
18.7
33.7
11.2
25.0
11.5
100.0
53.6
19.9
33.6
10.0
25.5
10.9
100.0
56.1
21-4
34. b
9.7
23.5
10.7
100.0
56.7
20.3
36.5
9.1
2 2.7
11.5
100.0
54.3
18.3
35.9
10.2
24.0
11.6
4.2
.9
2.0
-9
4.5
.8
2.1
.9
2. 1
.9
4.8
.8
1.9
1.0
4.7
.9
1.9
.9
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Loit last job
On layoff.
Other job losers
Left test job
Reentered labor force
Seeking first job
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
Job losers.
On layoff
Other job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants . . . »
5.7
.9
2. 1
.9
1.9
.8
2.1
1.0
Table A-8. Unemployment by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons
(In thousand*)
unwnpeoYmwit rvtM
Sax and a«a
Feb.
1981
16 to 19 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 years
25 to 64 years
55 yean and over
Women, 16 years and over
16 to 24 years
.
Feb.
1982
Feb.
1981
Oct1981
Nov.
1981
Dec.
1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
7.965
3.685
1.769
810
961
1.916
4,309
3,768
526
9.575
4,209
1,938
792
1.149
2.271
5.401
4,756
'
630
7.4
14.6
19.1
21.3
17.7
11.9
5.2
5.6
3.5
8.0
15.4
20-4
21.5
20.0
12.7
5.7
6.2
3.8
8.3
16.0
21.4
22.6
20.5
13.0
6.0
6.5
3.6
8.8
16.3
21.5
21.9
21.2
13.5
6.5
6.9
4.1
8.5
16.4
21.7
21.9
21-3
13.5
6.3
. 6.7
4.2
8.8
17.0
22.3
22.7
22.0
14.1
6.4
6.8
4.3
4,419
2,094
986
455
532
1,108
2,360
2.042
303
5,384
2,357
1,033
429
604
1,324
3.071
2.675
377
7.2
15-5
20.0
22.1
18.5
12.9
4.9
5.2
3.3
7.7
16-0
20.1
21.1
19.3
13.8
5.5
5.9
3.7
8.3
17.0
21.8
22.7
21.0
14.4
5.8
6.3
3.7
9.0
17.4
22.3
22.6
22-2
14.8
6.5
6.9
4.4
8.6
17.4
22. 1
23-0
21-4
14.9
6.3
6.7
4.3
8.7
17.8
22.5
23.0
22.1
15-4
6.3
6.7
4.2
3.546
1.591
783
355
429
808
1,949
1,726
223
4,191
1.852
905
363
545
947
2,330
2.081
253
7.7
13.5
18.2
20.3
16.8
10.9
5.6
6.0
'
3.8
8-2
14.8
20.7
21.9
20-6
11.5
6.1
6.5
4.0
8.4
14.7
20.9
22.5
19.9
11.3
6,4
6.8
^.6
8.5
14.9
20.5
21.1
20.0
12.0
6.4
6.9
3.7
8,4
15,2
21.2
20.6
21.1
11.9
6.3
6.7
4. 1
8.9
16.1
22.1
22.5
21.9
12.7
6.5
7.0
4.3
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Employment status of black and other workers
(Numbers in thousands)
Seasonally adjusted
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status
Civilian nonmstitutional population 1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Feb.
1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
Feb.
1981
Oct.
1981
Nov.
1981
Dec.
1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
22.148
13,316
60.1
11,499
1,817
13.6
22,493
13,591
60.4
11,453
2,138
15.7
22,634
11.708
60.6
11.454
2,254
16.4
22,148
13.476
60.8
11,697
1,779
13.2
22.246
13.697
61.6
11,611
2,086
15.2
22,365
13,757
61.5
11,661
2.096
15.2
22.411
13.773
61.5
11,610
2,163
15.7
22,493
13.704
60.9
11,632
2.072
15.1
22.634
13.857
61.2
11.653
2.204
15.9
' The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variations; therefore, identical
numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns
Table A-10. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, not seasonally adjusted
Civilian labor force
Veteran status
and age
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Unemployed
Percent
of
labor
force
Employed
Feb.
1981
Feb.
1982
Feb.
1981
Feb.
1982
Feb.
1981
Feb.
1982
6,468
7,325
1,571
3.450
2,304
1,143
8,660
7.236
1,326
3,094
2,816
1,424
7,993
7,006
1,454
3,327
2.225
987
8,181
6,933
1,215
2,978
2,740
1,248
7,483
6,529
1,293
3,113
2.123
954
7,462
6,270
1,043
2,699
2,528
1.192
510
477
161
214
102
33
16.855
7,738
5,243
3,874
17,832
15,921
7,257
4,982
3,682
16,894
7,596
5,515
3,783
14,769
6,643
4,644
15,373
6,745
5,085
3,543
1.152
614
338
200
Feb.
1981
Feb.
1982
Feb.
1981
Feb.
719
663
172
279
212
56
6.4
6.8
11.1
6.4
4.6
3.3
8-8
9.6
14.2
9-4
7.7
4-5
1,521
851
430
240
7.2
8.5
6.8
5.4
9.0
11.2
7.8
6.3
1982
VETERANS
Total. 25 years and over
25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 years and over
NONVETERANS
Total. 25 to 39 years
25 to 29 years
30 to 34 years
35 t o 39 years
8,053
5,786
3,993
NOTE: Vietnam-era veterans are males who served in the Armed Forces between
August 5. 1964 and May 7. 1975. Nonveterans are mates who have never served in the
3,482
Armed Forces: published data are limited to those 25 to 39 years of age. the group that
most closely corresponds to the bulk of the Vietnam-era veteran population
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11.
Employment status of the noninstitutional population for the ten largest States
1 Numbers m thousands!
Seasonally adjusted
Not seasonally adjusted
State and employment status
California
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Civilian noninstitbtional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Nov.
1981
Dec.
1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
Feb.
1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
17,900
11,675
10,738
937
8.0
18,218
11,907
10,789
1,117
9.4
18,242
11,946
10,801
1, 145
9.6
17,900
11,730
10,868
862
7.3
18,118
11,861
10,902
959
8.1
18,145
11,871
10,915
956
8.1
18,171
11,851
10,828
1,023
8.6
18,218
11,916
10,878
1,038
8.7
18,242
12,004
10,935
1,069
8.9
7,788
4,405
4,127
278
6.3
8,061
4,511
4,165
346
7.7
8,08 3
4,558
4,236
322
7.1
7,788
4,421
4,133
288
6.5
7,980
4,616
4,279
337
7.3
8,005
4,634
4,281
353
7.6
8,028
4,627
4,272
355
7.7
8,061
4,596
4,257
339
7.4
8,083
4,575
4,243
332
7.3
8,487
5,478
4,996
482
8.8
8,538
5,518
4,960
558
10.1
8,541
5,551
4,990
561
10.1
8,487
5, 547
5,085
462
8.3
8,518
5, 586
5,113
473
8.5
8,522
5,565
5,064
501
9.0
8,525
5,484
5,000
484
8,538
5,554
5,053
501
9.0
8,541
5,621
5,079
542
9.6
4,419
2,929
2,746
184
6.3
4,470
2,992
2,754
238
8.0
4,474
2,960
2, 714
247
8.3
4,419
2,936
2,770
166
5.7
4,453
3,029
2,806
223
7.4
4,457
3,048
2,835
213
7.0
4,461
3,029
2,805
224
7.4
4,470
3,005
2, 797
208
6.9
4,474
2,968
6,772
4,193
3,593
600
14.3
6,784
4,227
3, 550
677
16.0
6,784
4,240
3,556
684
16.1
6,772
4,215
3,665
550
13.0
6,776
4,331
3,780
551
12.7
6,776
4,303
3,752
551
12.8
6,776
4,269
3,632
637
14.9
6,784
4,284
3,645
639
14.9
6,784
4,266
3,634
632
14.8
5,616
3,537
3,265
272
7.7
5,676
3,564
3,214
351
9.8
5,680
3, 506
3,180
327
9.3
5,616
3,572
3,312
260
7.3
5,655
3,568
3,313
255
7.1
5,661
3,554
3,288
266
7.5
5,665
3,519
3,249
270
7.7
5,676
3,579
3,244
335
9.4
5,680
3,542
3, 226
316
8.9
13,363
8,083
7,415
669
8.3
13,463
7,980
7,300
681
8.5
13,469
8,036
7,314
722
9.0
13,363
8,089
7,464
625
7.7
13,426
8,004
7,436
568
7.1
13,434
7,946
7,343
603
7.6
13,440
7,976
7,325
651
8.2
13,463
7,969
7,345
624
7.8
13,469
8,043
7,364
679
8.4
8,004
4,922
4,423
499
10.1
8,031
5,032
4,434
598
11.9
8,031
4,967
4,361
606
12.2
8,004
5,020
4,554
466
9.3
8,017
5,044
4,510
534
10.6
8,019
5,084
4,506
578
11.4
8,020
5,103
4,478
625
12.2
8,031
5,120
4,570
550
10.7
8,031
5,066
4,493
573
11.3
9,078
5,380
4,918
462
8.6
9,129
5,423
4,781
642
11.8
9,131
5,448
4,850
5 98
11.0
9,078
5,443
5,012
431
7.9
9,108
5,479
5,000
479
8.7
9,112
5,477
4,982
495
9.0
9,115
5,467
4,942
525
9.6
9,129
5,469
4,859
610
11.2
9,131
5,511
4,945
566
10.3
10,435
6,923
6,596
327
4.7
10,740
7, 163
6,737
426
5.9
10,765
7,223
6,803
421
5.8
10,435
6,945
6,629
316
4.6
10,648
7,133
6,759
374
5.2
10,675
7,178
6, 788
390
5.4
10,701
7, 163
6,798
365
5.1
10,740
7,171
6,770
401
5.6
10,765
7,245
6,834
411
5.7
Florida
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Illinois
Oct.
1981
Feb.
1981
Massachusetts
Civilian noninstitutional population'
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
2 , 7.3 7
231
7.8
Michigan
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civihap labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New Jersey
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
New York
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate . . . . . . .
Ohio
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Pennsylvania
Civilian noninstitutional population
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Tews
Ctvilun noninstitutional population
Civilian labor foice
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment ratf
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variations; therefore, identical numbers
appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted columns.
* These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics' estimates used in the administration of
Federal fund allocation programs.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls by industry
(In thousands)
Seasonally adjusted
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Total
Feb.
1981
Dec.
1981
Jan.
1982
Feb.
1982
90,138
91 ,932
89,760
25,037
25, 125
24,296
Feb.
1981
Oc t.
1981
89,863
91 ,258
91,832
25,662
Nov.
1981
Dec.
1981
91,113
Jan.
1982 Pi
Feb.
1982
p
90,839
24,212
25,657
Mining
1,071
1 , 166
1 , 150
1,141
1,091
1 ,162
Construction . .
3,901
4,155
3,706
3,686
4,389
4,259
Manufacturing
Production workers .
20,065
13,971
19,804
13,583
19,440
13,267
19,385
13,260
20,177
14,053
20,241
14,030
Durable goods
Production workers.
12,042
8,279
11,786
7,941
11,572
7,754
11,531
7,738
12,074
8,297
12,115
8,267
674.5
471.7
630.6
1, 137.7
1,578.1
2,498.4
2,112.3
1,824.8
710.1
403.3
618.8
471.1
619.6
1 ,058.0
1,532.8
2,495.4
2,104.1
1,755.7
718.0
412.2
598.8
462.0
591.7
1,039.1
1,502.8
2,461.6
2,089.4
1,719.4
71 1.7
395.0
03.6
56.5
85.9
28.3
95.5
58.1
87.9
14.8
08.1
92.3
691
466
654
1, 140
1 ,577
2,481
2,110
1,833
711
411
652
480
644
1,114
1,575
2,549
2,150
1,81 1
723
417
6 34"
470
634
1,090
1,546
2,522
2,1 19
1,783
719
415
619
464
622
1,058
1,516
2,488 |
2,089
1 ,725
717
416
612
457
609
1,039
1,501
2,452
2,083
1 ,706
712
407
618
451
607
1,030
1,494
2,441
2,084
1,722
709
399
8,018
5,642
7,868
5,513
7,854
5,522
8,103
5,756
8,126
5,763
8,085
5,714
7,950
8,022
5,646 j 5,585
7,927
5,583
1,705
72
839
1,243
691
1,272
1,109
210
731
231
1,675
70
833
1,259
691
1,302
1 ,108
210
744
234
1,676
70
823
1,251
686
1,302
1 ,104
210
733
230
1,669
70
812
1,233
682
1,302
1,100
208
Goods-producing.
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass p r o d u c t s . . .
Primary metal products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related pioducts .
Miscellaneous manufacturing . . . .
8,023
5,692
Nondurable goods
Production workers .
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products ..
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
Service-producing
i
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
I
1 ,639.2 I 1,657
7 0.6 '
73
84 1. 1
816
1,23 8.7 1,224
68 7
681
1,27 6 1,312
1,613.1
72.3
795.4
1,187.8
674.2
1,299.7
9
7
2
5
1,096
206.8
726.4
223.1
1,087.9
199.9
718.8
218.5
65,101
66,807
65,464
1,608.
69.
791,
1, 199.
671.
1 ,306.
1 ,087.
195,
707,
216
25,418
25,104
1,175
1 ,168
1,161
4, 193
4,068
4,146
20,017
13,797
19,736
13,514
19,528
13,334
19,482
13,332
11,932
8,083
11,714
7,868
11,578
7,749
11 ,555
7,749
1,172
i
|
65,651
65,601
66,170
5, 168
?22
1 ,663
71
795
1,208
677
1 ,300
1,093 !
222
1,672
70
789
1 ,204
673
1,305
1,093
199
704
218
66,075
66,147
5,120
5,1 14
2 04 j
717 J
224
66, 104 I
I 66,009
5,147
5,076
5,153
5,059
5,058
5,135
20,196
21,413
20,676
20,510
20,600
20,916
20,838 | 20,735 20,843, 20,905
5,273
14,923
5,352
16,061
5,297
15,379
5,287
15,223
5,313
15,287
5,360
15,556
5,363
15,475
5,336
15,399
5,324 j 5,324
15,5191 15,581
5,361 j
5,362
5,245
5,350
5,324
5,283
5,360
5,355
5,366
Services
18,126
18,762
18,510
18,675
18,343
18,788
18,838
18,856
18,849
18,902
Government .
16,458
16,129
15,890
16,084
16,240
15,938
15,926
15,930
15,902
15,864
2,759
13,179
2,748
13,178
2,741
13,189
2,738
13,164
2,731
13,133
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Federal government
State and local government.
p = preliminary.
2,774
13,684
2,729
13,400
2,713
13,177
2,715
13,369
2,795
13,445
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural payrolls by industry
Seasonally adjusted
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Feb.
1981
Total private
Mining
Feb. p]
1982
Dec.
1981
Feb.
1981
35-0
35.2
33.8
35.2
42.8
44.7
42.8
(2)
Construction
Oct.
1981
(2)
(2)
(2)
Nov.
1981
Dec.
1981
Jan. pi
1982
Feb. p
1982
35.0
34.9
34.2
34.9
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Manufacturing
Overtime hours
39.5
2.8
39.9
2.6
37.1
2.2
38.9
2.3
39.8
2.8
39.5
2.7
39.3
2.5|
39.0
2.4
37.3
2.3
39.1
2.3
Durable goods
Overtime hours
39.9
2.8
40.4
2.6
37.7
2. 1
39.3
2.2
40.1
2.8
39.9
2.6
39.7 |
2.4
39.3
2.4
37.9
2.2
39.5
2.2
38.5
38.3
39.6
40.7
40.0
40.8
39.6
40.1
40.5
38.4
38.1
38.9
40.1
39.6
40.4
41.5
40.3
41.4
40.7
39.1
33.8
32.6
37.3
38.4
37.8
39.1
38.1
38.5
38.5
36.4
37.6
37.4
38.9
39.1
39.1
40.4
39.4
39.9
39.8
38.1
39.1
38.6
40.6
40.7
40.2
40.8
39.6
40.5
40.5
38.6
37.6
38.1
40.0
39.8
40.0
40.7
39.9
40.5
40.4
39.0
37.5
37.7
40.0
39.7
39.6
40.6
39.3
40.3
40.3
39.0
37.6
37.7
39.5
39.2
39.2
40.3
39.2
39.4
39.9
38.4
34.7
32.9
38.2
38.4
37.9
39.0
38.8
38.5
36.6
38.2
37.6
39.9
39.1
39.3
40.4
39.4
40.3
39.8
38.3
38.9
2.8
39.2
2.6
36.2
2.4
38.2
2.4
39.2
2.9
39.0
2.8
38.8
2.7
38.6
2.4
36.4
2.4
38.5
2.5
39.3
38.5
39.9
35.3
42
36
40.4
38.1
38.6
35
42
37
41
42
40
36
38.7
36.1
31.1
30.2
41.2
36.3
40.8
43.1
37.8
33.5
38.9
38.3
37.5
34.6
41.9
37.0
41.2
42.4
39.3
34.6
39.9
(2)
40.0
35.6
42.4
37.3
41.6
43.8
40.3
37.0
39.5
(2)
39.3
35.7
42.4
37.1
41.5
42.1
40.0
36.8
39.6
(2)
38.8
35.6
41.9
36.9
41.3
42.3
39.6
36.7
39.8
(2)
37.8
35.1
41.8
37.2
41.3
42.6
39.4
36.1
39.0
(2)
31.2
30.9
41.1
36.6
40.8
44.3
37.7
33.8
39.5
(2)
37.5
34.8
42.1
37.4
41.3
43.7
39.4
34.8
Transportattoawidpubfic utilities
39.3
38.6
39.4
(2)
(2)
<2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Whc4esate and retail trade
32.2
31.5
32.2
31.9
32.0
31.9
31.5
31.9
38.1
29.4
38.6
30.2
38.5
29.9
38.6
29.9
38.4
29.9
38.1
29.5
38.4
29.9
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment .
Transportation equipment
instruments and related products . .
Miscellaneous manufacturing.
Nondurable goods
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paperand allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Ceatherand leather products
Wholesale tradtf
38.3
2 9-6
38.7
30.3
37.9
28.9
Retail trade
3*. 4
36.2
36.2
36.3
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
32.6
32.6
32-1
32.4
32.8
32.5
32.6
32.7
32.3
32.6
Finance, Insurance, and real estate
Services
1
Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; to construction
workers in construction; and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public
utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private
nonagricultural payrolls.
JO . 1
•This series is not published seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is
small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular components and consequently cannot
be separated with sufficient precision.
p s preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
1
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural
payrolls by industry
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Industry
Total private
Feb.
1981
Dec.
1981
$7.06
7.04
$7.45
7.45
Feb.
1982
$7.55
7.51
Seasonally adjusted
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products
Furnitureand fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products . . .
Primary metal products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment .
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products .
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
10.41
11.55
329.57
312.01
8.26
8.81
8.90
8.90
355.92
335.53
6.81
5.74
7.89
10.56
7.91
8.56
7.43
9.93
7.20
5.83
7.17
6.11
8.56
11.09
8.53
10.69
7.8 3
6.20
7.38
6.26
8.70
1 1.21
8.55
9.21
8.00
10.69
7.94
6.32
7.41
6.17
8.67
11.16
8.61
9.24
8.03
10.72
7.99
6.33
262.19
219.84
312.44
429.79
316.40
349.25
294.23
398.19
291.60
223.87
273. 18
237.68
343.26
439.16
344.61
381.80
319.58
442.57
318.68
242.42
249.44
204.08
324.51
430.46
323.19
360.1 1
304.80
411.57
305.69
230.05
6.98
7.45
7.68
7.57
271.52
292.04
278.021
7.24
8.56
5.35
4.87
8.28
7.96
8.80
11.33
7.04
4.88
7.69
8.90
5.72
5.05
8.96
8.50
9.52
11.58
7.48
7.82
9.13
5.76
5 . 19
9.06
8.59
9.67
12.03
7.62
5.21
7.73
9.39
5.78
5.19
8.98
8.60
9.66
12.14
7.61
5.25
284.53
329.56
213.47
171.91
349.42
293.72
365.20
481.53
283.01
179.10
310 68
339. 09
220 79
179. 28
382. 59
322 15
397 94
493 31
299 95
187 10
302 63
329 59
179, 14
156 74
373 27
311 82
394 54
518 49
288 04
174 54
10.13
10.17
373.28
396 .14
391 .02
193 .52
191 .89
Wholesale and retail trade
7.38
5.20
7.83
5.32
7.94
5.44
7.95
5.41
282.65
153.92
303 .02
161 .20
300 .93|
157 .221
6.21
6.46
6.60
6.62
226.04
233 .85
238 .92
6.27
6.66
6.77
6.78
204.40
217 .12
217 .32
Services
' See footnote 1, table B-2.
$ 2 4 7 . 1 0 $262.24 $255.19
256.84
247.81
260.01
329.57
5.84
Finance, insurance, and real estate
pj
306.13
9.45
Retail trade
Jan.
1982
7.75
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale trade
Dec.
1981
10.67
Mining
Construction
$7.54
7.52
p) F e b .
1981
p = preliminary.
289.17
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Hourly Earnings Index for production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricuitural payrolls by industry
0977 = 100)
Not seasonally adjusted
Percent
chang*
chang*
Industry
TotaJ private nonfarm:
Currant dollars
Constant (1977) dollars
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trada
Finance, Insurance, and
real estate
Services
Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
1981
Dec.
1981
Jan.
1982 Pj
Feb.
1982 P|
135.3
93.2
143-.2
126.6
137.6
135.7
135.6
143.6
92.7
153.2
136.3
147.5
145.1
141.1
145.7
93.7
155.9
140.0
149.3
145.9
143.3
145.5
N.A.
156.4
135.4
149.5
146.5
143.3
136.2
134.2
141.5
142.4
144.7
144.5
145.0
145.0
Feb.
1981
Oct.
1981
Nov.
1981
7.5
(2)
9.2
7.0
8.6
7.9
5.7
135.0
92.8
<4>
128.0
137.5
135.4
135.0
141.9
92.0
(4)
134.3
145.5
142.0
140.5
143.2
92.5
(4)
135.4
146.4
144.0
141.5
6.5
8.1
135.0
133.2
140.9
140.7
143.2
142.6
Feb.
1981Feb.
1982
an.
982 pi
Feb.
1982 pi
43.5
92.3
(4)
36.2
47.0
44.4
41.9
45.0
93.0
(4)
40.7
145.1
N.A.
(4)
136.9
149.3
146.2
142.7
0.1
(3)
(4)
-2.6
.3
.5
.3
41.8
42.7
44.0
43.5
143.7
144.0
-.2
.3
Dec.
1981
Jan.
1982Feb.
1982
1
2
3
4
See footnote 1, table B-2.
Percent change was .2 from January 1981 to January 1982, the latest month available.
Percent change was .8 from December 1981 to January 1982, the latest month available.
Mining is not seasonally adjusted since the seasonal component is small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular
components and ; consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
N.A.»not available
p=preliminary
Table B-5. Indexesafraggregate weekly hours off productlorror nonsupervisory workers' on private nonagricuitural
payrolls by industry
(1977=100)
otfyadhM
Total
Feb..
198L
Dec.
i98i
Jan.
Feb.
Feb.
1982 Pt 1982 pi 1981
105*JOF
ias.8
101.3
9,7\.£
98.8
87.6
g ....
142.7
Construction •....Maimfacturaag
9J7»1
82.9
*7.8
86.7
Dec.
1981
Jan
1 9 8 2 Pi
103.5
106.9
104.1
91.6
96.8
133.4
143.0!
Nov.
1981
87.7
107.2
9*.8
Oct.
1981
108.4
Feb.
1982
90.8
137.4
98.6
95.1
86.3
90.4
98.0
97.2
95.1
92.4
87.2
91.4
85.9
67.0
80.4
75.4
79.1
83.8
101.7
98.1
74.6
104.6
80.4
89.4
75.7
91.2
78.0
79.7
86.4
105.0
101.4
77.5
107.7
83.8
97
91
97
92
94
95
108
105
86.8
111.2
90.7
96.9
82.7
98.4
90
89
94
HI
107
84
112
92
94.1
79.6
95.1
88.2
86.4
91.3
109.1
103.1
82.4
110.4
92.2
90.8
77.5
93.6
84.9
82.3
88.0
106.1
100.5
76.4
109.0
90.2
86.2
70.4
80.1
79.9
78.9
83.8
100.7
97.5
74.2
104.4
84.0
89.9
78.9
90.6
83.4
79.8
86.5
103.7
101.1
78.3
107.4
86.4
Durable fmods
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Storiex clay, and glass products . . .
Primary metal products
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electric and electronic equipment .
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products..
Miscellaneous manufacturing
94.9
110.0
105.7
85.8
111.4
87.7
94.2
78.5
98.4
85.9
83.1
92.0
110.0
104.7
82.6
111.6
90.8
Honourable good*
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and alHed products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather products
96.4
94.0
97.1
90
92
98
107
100
98
99
88
96.
98.
102.
84.
91.
97,
112.
99.
95.
97,
85.
86.8
90.9
95
66
75
93
106
96
91
90
76
91.8
91.3
96
80
87
94
110
98
90
92.8
77.8
98.3
100.4
98.1
90.9
94.0
99.2
108.2
101.1
104.6
99.3
89.5
97.8
97.8
98.1
88.7
95.2
99.2
109.3
101.0
97.6
100.1
90.8
96.
98.
95.
86.
94.
97,
108,
99,
97,
97.
89.
94
97
93
82
91
95
109
98.8
96.4
94.8
84.6
95
95
66
78
93
107
96
96
90.1
78.0
93
97
99
79
88
95
110
98
95
92
78
109.1
114.3
109.0
110.2
111.7
112.7
112.8
112.4
111.4
112.7
Transportation and public utilities
104.1
104.7
100.6
102.7
105.4
104.0
104.7
103.2
102.4
104.3
Wholesale and ratall trade
103.0
111.5
103.3
103.7
106.8
107.7
106.5
105.7
107.3
109.2
100.7
111.9
111.3
108.0
101.5
108.5
101.9
111.1
105.2
111.6
106.2
111.8
105.5
110.8
104.9
109.3
104.3
110.2
106.2
116.4
117.8
117.0
116.9
117.4
118.5
118.2
118.2
118.0
117.8
116.1
120.2
116.6
118.7
118.2
120.1
120.8
121.2
119.6
120.8
Service-producing
Wholesale trade
93.9
Retail trade
Finance, Insurance, and real estate
Services
1
See footnote 1, table B-2.
p « preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment 1 increased
Year and month
Over 1-month span
Over 3-month span
Over 6-month span
Over 12-month span
January,.
February.
March....
65.1
66.0
64.2
72.1
68.6
65.7
72.1
71.8
70.1
74.7
70.6
69.5
April.
May. . .
June * .
5 4.1
60.5
62.5
65.7
62.8
63.7
64.8
59.6
54.4
67.
59,
July
August . . . .
Sepcerabe r.
57.0
53.2
49.1
55.
50.
53.
56.7
51.5
52.0
55.
55.
50.
October. .
Noverabe r .
December.
6 1 .6
49.4
49.7
52.0
53.5
49.4
50.6
51.2
47.7
46.
38,
Janua r y . .
Fe b r u a r y .
Ma r c h
52.6
53.2
49.4
50.6
46.8
38.7
40.4
33.4
30.8
32.0
32.6
31.7
April.
May...
June.•
34.6
32.8
31.4
30.8
27.0
25.9
24.7
26.2
28-2
32.3
31.4
31.4
July
August.
September.
36.9
64.8
64.0
35.5
54.9
71.2
35.2
45.1
61.0
31.4
32.6
34.9
October..
November *
Decerabe r .
61.3
63.4
56.7
6 9.8
64.8
64.. 0
73.5
72.7
65.4
4 3.-6
55-8
70.3
January..
February .
March. . . .
59.6
55.8
52.3
61-0
6J.3
6 4-2
63 .6
68 .6
67 .2
78.8
7 5-*
73.3
April .
May. . .
June• •
69.8
62.5
51.5
68. 9
66,.-9
68. 6
70 .3
67 .7
71 8
64.2
54.1
45.1
July
Augus t . . . *
September.
67.2
49.7
59.3
60. 2
66 6
39 2
52 9
38 7
35 8
3 7.5p
34.6p
October. .
Novembe r .
December.
30.2
27.9
2 9.9
33 1
23. 8
21. s-p
26 2p
28 2p
January. .
February.
March. . . .
29.4p
46.2p
28.8p
April.
May. . .
June. .
July
Augus t . . . .
September.
October . .
Novembe r .
Dececibe r .
1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted, on payrolls of 1 7 2 private nonagricultural industries,
p * preliminary.
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20210
OFFICIAL BUSINESS
PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300
First Class Mall
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U.S. Department of Labor
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