Full text of The Employment Situation : December 2012
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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, January 4, 2013 USDL-13-0001 Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — DECEMBER 2012 Nonfarm payroll employment rose by 155,000 in December, and the unemployment rate was unchanged at 7.8 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment increased in health care, food services and drinking places, construction, and manufacturing. Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, December 2010 – December 2012 Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change, seasonally adjusted, December 2010 – December 2012 Percent 11.0 Thousands 400 300 10.0 200 9.0 100 0 8.0 -100 7.0 Dec-10 M ar-11 -200 Jun-11 Sep-11 Dec-11 M ar-12 Jun-12 Sep-12 Dec-12 Dec-10 M ar-11 Jun-11 Sep-11 Dec-11 M ar-12 Jun-12 Sep-12 Dec-12 Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data Seasonally adjusted household survey data have been revised using updated seasonal adjustment factors, a procedure done at the end of each calendar year. Seasonally adjusted estimates back to January 2008 were subject to revision. The unemployment rates for January 2012 through November 2012 (as originally published and as revised) appear in table A on page 5, along with additional information about the revisions. Household Survey Data The number of unemployed persons, at 12.2 million, was little changed in December. The unemployment rate held at 7.8 percent and has been at or near that level since September. (See table A-1.) Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult women (7.3 percent) and blacks (14.0 percent) edged up in December, while the rates for adult men (7.2 percent), teenagers (23.5 percent), whites (6.9 percent), and Hispanics (9.6 percent) showed little or no change. The jobless rate for Asians was 6.6 percent (not seasonally adjusted), little changed from a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) In December, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was essentially unchanged at 4.8 million and accounted for 39.1 percent of the unemployed. (See table A-12.) The civilian labor force participation rate held at 63.6 percent in December. The employmentpopulation ratio, at 58.6 percent, was essentially unchanged over the month. (See table A-1.) The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as involuntary part-time workers), at 7.9 million, changed little in December. These individuals were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.) In December, 2.6 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, essentially unchanged from a year earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.) Among the marginally attached, there were 1.1 million discouraged workers in December, little changed from a year earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.5 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in December had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) Establishment Survey Data Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 155,000 in December. In 2012, employment growth averaged 153,000 per month, the same as the average monthly gain for 2011. In December, employment increased in health care, food services and drinking places, construction, and manufacturing. (See table B-1.) Health care employment continued to expand in December (+45,000). Job gains occurred in ambulatory health care services (+23,000), in hospitals (+12,000), and in nursing and residential care facilities (+10,000). In 2012, health care employment rose by 338,000. -2- In December, employment in food services and drinking places rose by 38,000. In 2012, the industry added an average of 24,000 jobs a month, essentially the same as in 2011. Construction added 30,000 jobs in December, led by employment increases in construction of buildings (+13,000) and in residential specialty trade contractors (+12,000). In December, manufacturing employment rose by 25,000, with small gains in a number of component industries. In 2012, factory employment increased by 180,000; most of the growth occurred during the first quarter. Employment in retail trade changed little in December, after increasing by 143,000 over the prior 3 months. Within the industry, employment in clothing and accessories stores fell by 19,000, following gains that totaled 55,000 over the prior 3 months. Elsewhere in retail trade, employment in automobile dealers and in food and beverage stores continued to trend up in December. Employment in other major industries, including mining and logging, transportation and warehousing, financial activities, professional and businesses services, and government, showed little change over the month. In December, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour to 34.5 hours. The manufacturing workweek edged up by 0.1 hour to 40.7 hours, and factory overtime was unchanged at 3.3 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour to 33.8 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) Average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 7 cents to $23.73. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.1 percent. In December, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 6 cents to $19.92. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for October was revised from +138,000 to +137,000, and the change for November was revised from +146,000 to +161,000. The Employment Situation for January is scheduled to be released on Friday, February 1, 2013, at 8:30 a.m. (EST). -3- Revisions in the Establishment Survey Data With the release of January 2013 data on February 1, 2013, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey will introduce revisions to nonfarm payroll employment, hours, and earnings data to reflect the annual benchmark adjustment for March 2012 and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Not seasonally adjusted data beginning with April 2011 and seasonally adjusted data beginning with January 2008 are subject to revision. Upcoming Changes to the Household Survey Effective with the release of The Employment Situation for January 2013, scheduled for February 1, 2013, new population controls will be used in the monthly household survey estimation process. These new controls reflect the annual updating of intercensal population estimates by the U.S. Census Bureau. Historical data will not be revised to incorporate the new controls; consequently, household survey data for January 2013 will not be directly comparable with that for December 2012 or earlier periods. A table showing the effects of the new controls on the major labor force series will be included in the January 2013 release. -4- Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data At the end of each calendar year, BLS routinely updates the seasonal adjustment factors for the labor force series derived from the Current Population Survey (CPS), or household survey. As a result of this process, seasonally adjusted data for January 2008 through November 2012 were subject to revision. Table A shows the unemployment rates for January 2012 through November 2012, as first published and as revised. The rates changed by one-tenth of a percentage point in 2 of the 11 months and were unchanged in the remaining 9 months. Revised seasonally adjusted data for other major labor force series beginning in December 2011 appear in table B. An article describing the seasonal adjustment methodology for the household survey data and revised data for January 2012 through November 2012 is available at www.bls.gov/cps/cpsrs2013.pdf. Historical data for the household series contained in the A tables of this release can be accessed at www.bls.gov/cps/cpsatabs.htm. Revised historical seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data for additional series are available on the Internet at ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/lf/. Table A. Seasonally adjusted unemployment rates in 2012 and changes due to revision January - November 2012 As first Month As revised Change computed January ......................................... February ....................................... March .......................................... April ............................................. May ............................................. June .............................................. July .............................................. August .......................................... September .................................... October ........................................ November .................................... 8.3 8.3 8.2 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.3 8.1 7.8 7.9 7.7 8.3 8.3 8.2 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.1 7.8 7.9 7.8 -5- 0.0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 -.1 .0 .0 .0 .1 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table B. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] 2011 Employment status, sex, and age Dec. 2012 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population1 . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240,584 242,269 242,435 242,604 242,784 242,966 243,155 243,354 243,566 243,772 243,983 244,174 244,350 153,945 154,356 154,825 154,707 154,451 154,998 155,149 154,995 154,647 155,056 155,576 155,319 155,511 64.0 63.7 63.9 63.8 63.6 63.8 63.8 63.7 63.5 63.6 63.8 63.6 63.6 140,896 141,608 142,019 142,020 141,934 142,302 142,448 142,250 142,164 142,974 143,328 143,277 143,305 58.6 58.5 58.6 58.5 58.5 58.6 58.6 58.5 58.4 58.7 58.7 58.7 58.6 13,049 12,748 12,806 12,686 12,518 12,695 12,701 12,745 12,483 12,082 12,248 12,042 12,206 8.5 8.3 8.3 8.2 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.1 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.8 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population1 . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108,290 108,087 108,188 108,289 108,396 108,503 108,613 108,727 108,851 108,973 109,096 109,206 109,308 79,420 79,203 79,301 79,313 79,103 79,373 79,432 79,376 79,085 79,436 79,679 79,568 79,695 73.3 73.3 73.3 73.2 73.0 73.2 73.1 73.0 72.7 72.9 73.0 72.9 72.9 73,050 73,138 73,179 73,238 73,145 73,230 73,299 73,288 73,097 73,612 73,845 73,821 73,949 67.5 67.7 67.6 67.6 67.5 67.5 67.5 67.4 67.2 67.6 67.7 67.6 67.7 6,370 6,065 6,123 6,075 5,958 6,143 6,133 6,089 5,988 5,825 5,834 5,747 5,746 8.0 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.5 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.6 7.3 7.3 7.2 7.2 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population1 . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,602 117,082 117,170 117,260 117,353 117,448 117,546 117,648 117,760 117,869 117,980 118,079 118,170 68,815 69,420 69,775 69,580 69,580 69,777 69,777 69,673 69,800 69,813 70,041 69,907 70,059 59.5 59.3 59.5 59.3 59.3 59.4 59.4 59.2 59.3 59.2 59.4 59.2 59.3 63,446 64,080 64,457 64,422 64,454 64,653 64,616 64,437 64,716 64,934 65,014 64,988 64,954 54.9 54.7 55.0 54.9 54.9 55.0 55.0 54.8 55.0 55.1 55.1 55.0 55.0 5,369 5,341 5,318 5,158 5,126 5,124 5,161 5,236 5,083 4,879 5,027 4,918 5,105 7.8 7.7 7.6 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.3 7.0 7.2 7.0 7.3 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population1 . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,693 5,709 34.2 4,400 26.4 1,310 22.9 17,100 5,733 33.5 4,391 25.7 1,342 23.4 17,078 5,748 33.7 4,383 25.7 1,365 23.7 17,056 5,814 34.1 4,360 25.6 1,453 25.0 17,034 5,768 33.9 4,334 25.4 1,434 24.9 17,015 5,847 34.4 4,419 26.0 1,428 24.4 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. NOTE: Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors. -6- 16,997 5,940 34.9 4,533 26.7 1,406 23.7 16,979 5,945 35.0 4,525 26.7 1,420 23.9 16,955 5,763 34.0 4,351 25.7 1,412 24.5 16,931 5,807 34.3 4,429 26.2 1,378 23.7 16,907 5,856 34.6 4,469 26.4 1,387 23.7 16,890 5,845 34.6 4,468 26.5 1,376 23.6 16,871 5,756 34.1 4,402 26.1 1,355 23.5 HOUSEHOLD DATA Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Category Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012 Change from: Nov. 2012Dec. 2012 Dec. 2012 Employment status Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...................... . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed................................................................... . Employment-population ratio.......................................... . Unemployed................................................................ . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240,584 153,945 64.0 140,896 58.6 13,049 8.5 86,640 243,983 155,576 63.8 143,328 58.7 12,248 7.9 88,407 244,174 155,319 63.6 143,277 58.7 12,042 7.8 88,855 244,350 155,511 63.6 143,305 58.6 12,206 7.8 88,839 176 192 0.0 28 -0.1 164 0.0 -16 Unemployment rates Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult men (20 years and over)............................................. . Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................ . Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ . 8.5 8.0 7.8 22.9 7.5 15.6 6.8 11.0 7.9 7.3 7.2 23.7 6.9 14.5 4.9 10.0 7.8 7.2 7.0 23.6 6.8 13.2 6.4 9.9 7.8 7.2 7.3 23.5 6.9 14.0 6.6 9.6 0.0 0.0 0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.8 – -0.3 Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bachelor’s degree and higher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 13.7 8.7 7.6 4.0 6.6 12.2 8.3 7.0 3.7 6.5 12.1 8.1 6.6 3.9 6.5 11.7 8.0 6.9 3.9 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 0.3 0.0 Reason for unemployment Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . Reentrants....................................................................... . New entrants.................................................................... . 7,487 943 3,359 1,286 6,536 1,009 3,319 1,302 6,429 926 3,325 1,326 6,408 983 3,587 1,291 -21 57 262 -35 Duration of unemployment Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks................................................................... . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,640 2,840 1,987 5,596 2,633 2,847 1,813 5,017 2,596 2,757 1,820 4,784 2,676 2,838 1,895 4,766 80 81 75 -18 Employed persons at work part time Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions......................................... . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,168 5,377 2,406 18,489 8,286 5,177 2,618 18,896 8,138 5,084 2,648 18,594 7,918 4,928 2,616 18,763 -220 -156 -32 169 Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted) Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,540 945 2,433 813 2,505 979 2,614 1,068 – – - Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 234 62 8 26 28 30 7.4 -2 172 14.7 6.8 5.1 1 5 72 18.7 33 29.5 28 6 -11 137 203 26 -6 25 7 2 -4.8 5 177 3.6 43.8 7.4 -5 8 58 14.0 32 43.8 26 4 -66 161 171 -1 4 -10 5 18 11.4 -13 172 10.5 62.8 5.8 13 0 32 7.8 24 25.9 29 -4 -10 155 168 59 4 30 25 11 4.8 14 109 -0.1 -11.3 -0.6 -9 9 19 -0.6 65 55.0 31 5 -13 WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2 Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – – 82.5 – – 82.6 – – 82.6 – – 82.6 HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.4 $ 23.25 $799.80 95.0 0.2 105.3 0.3 34.3 $ 23.59 $809.14 96.1 -0.3 108.1 -0.4 34.4 $ 23.66 $813.90 96.5 0.4 108.9 0.7 34.5 $ 23.73 $818.69 96.9 0.4 109.7 0.7 HOURS AND EARNINGS PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.7 $ 19.59 $660.18 102.4 0.2 134.1 0.3 33.6 $ 19.82 $665.95 103.7 -0.1 137.3 0.0 33.7 $ 19.86 $669.28 104.1 0.4 138.2 0.7 33.8 $ 19.92 $673.30 104.6 0.5 139.2 0.7 63.7 64.8 65.6 58.6 56.6 51.2 63.2 59.3 Category DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)5 Total private (266 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing (81 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. 4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. 5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data for women employees (-) in this table have been temporarily suspended. For more information see http://www.bls.gov/bls/ceswomen_retail_correction.htm. Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The Employment Situation news release. 3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance benefits? No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently looking for work? Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Slightly more than 20 percent of all employees in the payroll survey sample have a weekly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to quantify the effect of extreme weather on estimates of over-the-month change in employment. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours. Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page at http://data.bls.gov/cgibin/surveymost?ln. Technical Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the CES program surveys about 141,000 businesses and government agencies, representing approximately 486,000 individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries. Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical. The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers whose businesses are unicorporated, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity. Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 100,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -50,000 to +150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages. The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component excludes employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death employment. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. Other information Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age Dec. 2011 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Aug. 2012 Sept. 2012 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240,584 153,373 63.8 140,681 58.5 12,692 8.3 87,212 6,135 244,174 154,953 63.5 143,549 58.8 11,404 7.4 89,221 6,495 244,350 154,904 63.4 143,060 58.5 11,844 7.6 89,445 6,532 240,584 153,945 64.0 140,896 58.6 13,049 8.5 86,640 6,343 243,566 154,647 63.5 142,164 58.4 12,483 8.1 88,919 6,956 243,772 155,056 63.6 142,974 58.7 12,082 7.8 88,716 6,718 243,983 155,576 63.8 143,328 58.7 12,248 7.9 88,407 6,584 244,174 155,319 63.6 143,277 58.7 12,042 7.8 88,855 6,827 244,350 155,511 63.6 143,305 58.6 12,206 7.8 88,839 6,750 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,832 82,019 70.2 74,837 64.1 7,181 8.8 34,813 117,810 82,310 69.9 76,142 64.6 6,167 7.5 35,501 117,902 82,190 69.7 75,686 64.2 6,503 7.9 35,712 116,832 82,369 70.5 75,217 64.4 7,152 8.7 34,463 117,492 81,991 69.8 75,174 64.0 6,817 8.3 35,501 117,600 82,396 70.1 75,769 64.4 6,627 8.0 35,205 117,710 82,661 70.2 76,027 64.6 6,634 8.0 35,049 117,810 82,514 70.0 75,983 64.5 6,530 7.9 35,297 117,902 82,545 70.0 76,060 64.5 6,486 7.9 35,357 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108,290 79,288 73.2 72,812 67.2 6,477 8.2 29,001 109,206 79,554 72.8 74,121 67.9 5,433 6.8 29,652 109,308 79,552 72.8 73,716 67.4 5,836 7.3 29,756 108,290 79,420 73.3 73,050 67.5 6,370 8.0 28,869 108,851 79,085 72.7 73,097 67.2 5,988 7.6 29,766 108,973 79,436 72.9 73,612 67.6 5,825 7.3 29,536 109,096 79,679 73.0 73,845 67.7 5,834 7.3 29,416 109,206 79,568 72.9 73,821 67.6 5,747 7.2 29,638 109,308 79,695 72.9 73,949 67.7 5,746 7.2 29,613 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,753 71,354 57.7 65,843 53.2 5,511 7.7 52,398 126,364 72,644 57.5 67,407 53.3 5,237 7.2 53,720 126,447 72,715 57.5 67,373 53.3 5,341 7.3 53,733 123,753 71,575 57.8 65,679 53.1 5,897 8.2 52,177 126,073 72,656 57.6 66,990 53.1 5,666 7.8 53,418 126,172 72,661 57.6 67,206 53.3 5,455 7.5 53,511 126,273 72,915 57.7 67,301 53.3 5,614 7.7 53,358 126,364 72,806 57.6 67,294 53.3 5,512 7.6 53,558 126,447 72,965 57.7 67,245 53.2 5,721 7.8 53,482 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,602 68,746 59.5 63,676 55.1 5,070 7.4 46,856 118,079 69,873 59.2 65,175 55.2 4,698 6.7 48,206 118,170 69,980 59.2 65,152 55.1 4,828 6.9 48,190 115,602 68,815 59.5 63,446 54.9 5,369 7.8 46,787 117,760 69,800 59.3 64,716 55.0 5,083 7.3 47,960 117,869 69,813 59.2 64,934 55.1 4,879 7.0 48,056 117,980 70,041 59.4 65,014 55.1 5,027 7.2 47,939 118,079 69,907 59.2 64,988 55.0 4,918 7.0 48,172 118,170 70,059 59.3 64,954 55.0 5,105 7.3 48,111 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,693 5,339 32.0 4,193 25.1 1,146 21.5 11,354 16,890 5,526 32.7 4,252 25.2 1,273 23.0 11,364 16,871 5,372 31.8 4,192 24.8 1,180 22.0 11,499 16,693 5,709 34.2 4,400 26.4 1,310 22.9 10,983 16,955 5,763 34.0 4,351 25.7 1,412 24.5 11,192 16,931 5,807 34.3 4,429 26.2 1,378 23.7 11,124 16,907 5,856 34.6 4,469 26.4 1,387 23.7 11,051 16,890 5,845 34.6 4,468 26.5 1,376 23.6 11,045 16,871 5,756 34.1 4,402 26.1 1,355 23.5 11,115 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ASIAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Dec. 2011 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Aug. 2012 Sept. 2012 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 193,682 124,114 64.1 115,117 59.4 8,998 7.2 69,567 193,748 123,503 63.7 115,571 59.7 7,932 6.4 70,244 193,849 123,404 63.7 115,213 59.4 8,191 6.6 70,445 193,682 124,482 64.3 115,203 59.5 9,279 7.5 69,199 193,376 123,292 63.8 114,395 59.2 8,897 7.2 70,084 193,503 123,637 63.9 115,002 59.4 8,635 7.0 69,866 193,633 123,794 63.9 115,205 59.5 8,588 6.9 69,839 193,748 123,540 63.8 115,124 59.4 8,416 6.8 70,207 193,849 123,774 63.9 115,289 59.5 8,485 6.9 70,076 65,248 73.7 60,484 68.3 4,764 7.3 64,607 73.3 60,713 68.9 3,894 6.0 64,562 73.2 60,415 68.5 4,148 6.4 65,331 73.8 60,693 68.5 4,638 7.1 64,246 73.1 59,910 68.2 4,336 6.7 64,540 73.4 60,292 68.5 4,248 6.6 64,718 73.5 60,493 68.7 4,225 6.5 64,509 73.2 60,397 68.5 4,112 6.4 64,646 73.3 60,609 68.7 4,037 6.2 54,516 59.0 51,080 55.3 3,435 6.3 54,471 58.5 51,292 55.1 3,180 5.8 54,494 58.5 51,303 55.1 3,191 5.9 54,482 59.0 50,783 55.0 3,700 6.8 54,408 58.6 50,915 54.8 3,493 6.4 54,500 58.7 51,085 55.0 3,415 6.3 54,423 58.5 51,020 54.9 3,403 6.3 54,366 58.4 51,008 54.8 3,358 6.2 54,452 58.5 51,015 54.8 3,437 6.3 4,350 34.1 3,552 27.8 798 18.3 4,425 35.1 3,567 28.3 858 19.4 4,348 34.6 3,495 27.8 853 19.6 4,669 36.6 3,727 29.2 942 20.2 4,638 36.7 3,569 28.2 1,069 23.0 4,598 36.4 3,625 28.7 972 21.1 4,653 36.9 3,692 29.3 961 20.7 4,665 37.0 3,718 29.5 946 20.3 4,676 37.2 3,665 29.1 1,011 21.6 29,286 18,024 61.5 15,285 52.2 2,739 15.2 11,262 30,061 18,407 61.2 16,065 53.4 2,342 12.7 11,654 30,093 18,350 61.0 15,832 52.6 2,518 13.7 11,743 29,286 18,097 61.8 15,282 52.2 2,815 15.6 11,190 29,954 18,389 61.4 15,811 52.8 2,578 14.0 11,566 29,991 18,346 61.2 15,891 53.0 2,456 13.4 11,645 30,027 18,716 62.3 16,011 53.3 2,705 14.5 11,311 30,061 18,374 61.1 15,952 53.1 2,422 13.2 11,687 30,093 18,403 61.2 15,827 52.6 2,577 14.0 11,690 8,264 69.0 7,006 58.5 1,258 15.2 8,275 67.4 7,259 59.1 1,016 12.3 8,313 67.5 7,162 58.2 1,150 13.8 8,254 68.9 6,980 58.2 1,273 15.4 8,231 67.4 7,059 57.8 1,172 14.2 8,214 67.1 7,052 57.6 1,162 14.1 8,296 67.6 7,127 58.1 1,169 14.1 8,225 66.9 7,165 58.3 1,060 12.9 8,298 67.4 7,134 58.0 1,164 14.0 9,113 61.8 7,886 53.5 1,227 13.5 9,464 62.4 8,404 55.4 1,060 11.2 9,438 62.1 8,298 54.6 1,140 12.1 9,141 62.0 7,896 53.6 1,245 13.6 9,463 62.7 8,323 55.1 1,140 12.0 9,377 62.0 8,363 55.3 1,014 10.8 9,668 63.8 8,440 55.7 1,228 12.7 9,444 62.3 8,360 55.1 1,085 11.5 9,454 62.2 8,305 54.7 1,149 12.2 647 25.3 394 15.4 254 39.2 668 25.6 402 15.4 266 39.8 600 23.1 371 14.3 228 38.0 702 27.4 405 15.8 296 42.2 695 26.4 429 16.3 265 38.2 756 28.8 475 18.1 280 37.1 752 28.7 444 17.0 307 40.9 704 27.0 427 16.4 277 39.3 651 25.1 387 14.9 264 40.5 11,580 12,934 12,935 – – – – – – HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 2011 7,505 64.8 6,991 60.4 514 6.8 4,075 Nov. 2012 8,344 64.5 7,814 60.4 530 6.4 4,590 Dec. 2012 8,501 65.7 7,940 61.4 561 6.6 4,434 Dec. 2011 Aug. 2012 – – – – – – – Sept. 2012 – – – – – – – Oct. 2012 – – – – – – – Nov. 2012 – – – – – – – Dec. 2012 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. - Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dec. 2011 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Aug. 2012 Sept. 2012 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 34,885 23,309 66.8 20,731 59.4 2,579 11.1 11,575 37,147 24,479 65.9 22,086 59.5 2,394 9.8 12,667 37,231 24,487 65.8 22,137 59.5 2,350 9.6 12,744 34,885 23,343 66.9 20,776 59.6 2,567 11.0 11,542 36,881 24,351 66.0 21,874 59.3 2,477 10.2 12,529 36,969 24,465 66.2 22,042 59.6 2,422 9.9 12,505 37,058 24,572 66.3 22,112 59.7 2,460 10.0 12,486 37,147 24,544 66.1 22,109 59.5 2,435 9.9 12,602 37,231 24,539 65.9 22,195 59.6 2,344 9.6 12,692 13,256 82.0 11,868 73.4 1,387 10.5 13,463 80.3 12,414 74.1 1,050 7.8 13,500 80.3 12,366 73.6 1,134 8.4 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 9,082 59.4 8,146 53.3 936 10.3 9,965 59.6 8,938 53.4 1,027 10.3 9,941 59.3 9,004 53.7 938 9.4 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 972 28.3 716 20.9 256 26.3 1,051 28.7 734 20.1 317 30.1 1,046 28.6 767 21.0 278 26.6 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. - Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Seasonally adjusted Dec. 2011 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Aug. 2012 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................... . Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed........................................ . Unemployment rate............................. . 11,723 46.8 10,043 40.1 1,680 14.3 11,072 45.2 9,762 39.8 1,310 11.8 11,156 45.2 9,785 39.7 1,371 12.3 11,669 46.6 10,073 40.3 1,595 13.7 11,196 45.5 9,852 40.0 1,344 12.0 High school graduates, no college1 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................... . Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed........................................ . Unemployment rate............................. . 37,114 60.1 33,876 54.9 3,237 8.7 36,692 59.5 33,863 54.9 2,830 7.7 36,892 59.4 33,921 54.6 2,971 8.1 36,863 59.7 33,653 54.5 3,211 8.7 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................... . Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed........................................ . Unemployment rate............................. . 37,040 69.1 34,299 64.0 2,740 7.4 37,356 68.6 35,009 64.3 2,348 6.3 37,341 68.6 34,857 64.1 2,484 6.7 Bachelor’s degree and higher2 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................... . Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed........................................ . Unemployment rate............................. . 47,102 76.0 45,228 73.0 1,873 4.0 48,853 75.5 47,039 72.7 1,815 3.7 48,758 75.7 46,892 72.8 1,866 3.8 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 11,183 45.0 9,930 40.0 1,253 11.2 11,251 45.8 9,880 40.2 1,371 12.2 11,097 45.3 9,753 39.8 1,344 12.1 11,120 45.1 9,821 39.8 1,298 11.7 36,751 59.9 33,560 54.7 3,191 8.7 36,642 59.6 33,504 54.5 3,138 8.6 36,735 60.0 33,681 55.0 3,054 8.3 36,652 59.4 33,677 54.6 2,975 8.1 36,663 59.1 33,713 54.3 2,950 8.0 37,102 69.2 34,269 63.9 2,834 7.6 37,433 68.4 34,958 63.9 2,476 6.6 37,512 68.6 35,076 64.1 2,436 6.5 37,662 68.8 35,043 64.0 2,619 7.0 37,274 68.4 34,832 63.9 2,442 6.6 37,397 68.7 34,831 64.0 2,566 6.9 47,183 76.1 45,273 73.0 1,909 4.0 48,429 75.5 46,433 72.4 1,996 4.1 48,508 75.9 46,549 72.8 1,959 4.0 48,670 75.3 46,851 72.5 1,818 3.7 48,858 75.5 46,968 72.6 1,891 3.9 48,859 75.9 46,954 72.9 1,905 3.9 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Sept. 2012 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Dec. 2011 Men Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Women Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Dec. 2012 VETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,429 11,072 51.7 10,215 47.7 857 7.7 10,357 21,062 10,806 51.3 10,050 47.7 757 7.0 10,256 19,622 10,010 51.0 9,244 47.1 766 7.7 9,612 19,235 9,699 50.4 9,043 47.0 656 6.8 9,536 1,807 1,062 58.8 972 53.8 90 8.5 745 1,827 1,107 60.6 1,007 55.1 100 9.1 720 Gulf War-era II veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,341 1,899 81.1 1,650 70.5 248 13.1 442 2,544 2,099 82.5 1,874 73.7 226 10.8 445 1,984 1,668 84.1 1,469 74.1 199 11.9 316 2,128 1,805 84.8 1,625 76.4 180 9.9 323 356 230 64.6 181 50.7 50 21.6 126 416 294 70.8 248 59.7 46 15.7 122 Gulf War-era I veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,986 2,512 84.1 2,371 79.4 141 5.6 474 3,044 2,534 83.2 2,395 78.7 139 5.5 510 2,489 2,158 86.7 2,029 81.5 128 6.0 332 2,529 2,154 85.2 2,043 80.8 111 5.2 375 497 354 71.3 342 68.8 13 3.6 142 515 380 73.7 352 68.3 28 7.3 135 World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,207 3,309 32.4 3,097 30.3 212 6.4 6,898 9,726 2,960 30.4 2,776 28.5 184 6.2 6,765 9,886 3,215 32.5 3,003 30.4 212 6.6 6,671 9,403 2,868 30.5 2,685 28.6 183 6.4 6,535 321 94 29.3 94 29.3 0 0.0 227 322 93 28.7 91 28.2 1 1.6 230 Veterans of other service periods Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,895 3,352 56.9 3,097 52.5 255 7.6 2,543 5,748 3,213 55.9 3,005 52.3 208 6.5 2,536 5,262 2,969 56.4 2,742 52.1 227 7.6 2,293 5,175 2,872 55.5 2,689 52.0 183 6.4 2,303 633 383 60.5 355 56.1 28 7.3 250 574 341 59.4 316 55.0 25 7.3 233 NONVETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210,477 140,627 66.8 129,218 61.4 11,409 8.1 69,850 214,280 142,344 66.4 131,668 61.4 10,676 7.5 71,936 92,807 71,182 76.7 65,018 70.1 6,163 8.7 21,625 94,027 71,654 76.2 66,012 70.2 5,642 7.9 22,374 117,670 69,446 59.0 64,200 54.6 5,246 7.6 48,225 120,253 70,690 58.8 65,656 54.6 5,034 7.1 49,562 NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Persons with a disability Employment status, sex, and age Dec. 2011 Dec. 2012 Persons with no disability Dec. 2011 Dec. 2012 TOTAL, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..................................................................... . Employed............................................................................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed.......................................................................... . Unemployment rate............................................................... . Not in labor force....................................................................... . 27,339 5,652 20.7 4,889 17.9 763 13.5 21,687 28,705 5,893 20.5 5,202 18.1 691 11.7 22,812 213,246 147,721 69.3 135,791 63.7 11,929 8.1 65,525 215,645 149,011 69.1 137,858 63.9 11,154 7.5 66,634 Men, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..................................................................... . Employed............................................................................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed.......................................................................... . Unemployment rate............................................................... . Not in labor force....................................................................... . 2,587 34.4 2,165 28.8 422 16.3 4,938 2,683 34.2 2,308 29.4 375 14.0 5,164 75,294 82.3 68,793 75.2 6,501 8.6 16,228 75,081 82.3 69,228 75.9 5,853 7.8 16,135 Women, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..................................................................... . Employed............................................................................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed.......................................................................... . Unemployment rate............................................................... . Not in labor force....................................................................... . 2,216 29.8 1,938 26.1 278 12.5 5,220 2,190 28.6 1,935 25.3 254 11.6 5,463 65,916 70.3 60,891 65.0 5,025 7.6 27,821 67,072 70.6 62,176 65.5 4,896 7.3 27,866 Both sexes, 65 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..................................................................... . Employed............................................................................. . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed.......................................................................... . Unemployment rate............................................................... . Not in labor force....................................................................... . 849 6.9 786 6.4 63 7.4 11,529 1,020 7.7 959 7.3 61 6.0 12,185 6,511 23.3 6,107 21.8 403 6.2 21,475 6,858 23.3 6,454 21.9 404 5.9 22,632 NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status and nativity Dec. 2011 Men Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Women Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Dec. 2012 Foreign born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 36,851 24,836 67.4 22,647 61.5 2,189 8.8 12,015 37,999 25,248 66.4 23,216 61.1 2,032 8.0 12,751 18,201 14,479 79.5 13,271 72.9 1,208 8.3 3,723 18,386 14,468 78.7 13,386 72.8 1,082 7.5 3,918 18,650 10,357 55.5 9,376 50.3 981 9.5 8,292 19,613 10,780 55.0 9,830 50.1 951 8.8 8,833 Native born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 203,733 128,536 63.1 118,033 57.9 10,503 8.2 75,197 206,351 129,656 62.8 119,844 58.1 9,812 7.6 76,695 98,630 67,540 68.5 61,566 62.4 5,973 8.8 31,091 99,516 67,722 68.1 62,300 62.6 5,422 8.0 31,795 105,103 60,997 58.0 56,467 53.7 4,530 7.4 44,106 106,835 61,934 58.0 57,544 53.9 4,391 7.1 44,900 NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Category CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private households........................... . Other industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2 All industries Part time for economic reasons3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries Part time for economic reasons3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonally adjusted Dec. 2011 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Aug. 2012 Sept. 2012 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 2,196 1,358 823 15 138,485 129,966 20,652 109,314 640 108,674 8,428 91 2,045 1,274 761 11 141,504 132,458 20,702 111,757 754 111,002 8,977 69 1,922 1,205 683 33 141,138 132,234 20,839 111,395 732 110,663 8,819 85 2,380 1,458 898 – 138,508 129,811 20,523 109,281 – 108,599 8,550 – 2,146 1,388 734 – 139,918 131,215 20,411 110,749 – 109,987 8,754 – 2,198 1,402 759 – 140,767 131,743 20,647 111,080 – 110,289 8,863 – 2,195 1,394 751 – 141,245 132,326 20,555 111,784 – 111,058 8,819 – 2,121 1,320 776 – 141,149 132,038 20,598 111,429 – 110,659 8,959 – 2,088 1,295 747 – 141,190 132,113 20,686 111,406 – 110,632 8,935 – 8,428 5,650 2,408 19,048 7,994 5,032 2,706 19,392 8,166 5,154 2,593 19,308 8,168 5,377 2,406 18,489 8,043 5,195 2,524 18,954 8,607 5,567 2,587 18,728 8,286 5,177 2,618 18,896 8,138 5,084 2,648 18,594 7,918 4,928 2,616 18,763 8,259 5,534 2,381 18,641 7,898 4,975 2,685 19,043 8,038 5,087 2,568 18,993 8,024 5,288 2,394 18,123 7,910 5,118 2,527 18,596 8,552 5,468 2,604 18,399 8,162 5,105 2,631 18,527 8,029 5,025 2,650 18,310 7,812 4,887 2,583 18,469 1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. 2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. 3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. 4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Characteristic Seasonally adjusted Dec. 2011 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Aug. 2012 Sept. 2012 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,681 4,193 1,247 2,946 136,488 13,041 123,447 94,069 30,800 30,350 32,919 29,378 143,549 4,252 1,290 2,963 139,297 13,624 125,672 94,523 31,183 30,652 32,688 31,149 143,060 4,192 1,342 2,849 138,868 13,412 125,456 94,305 31,162 30,523 32,620 31,151 140,896 4,400 1,304 3,085 136,496 13,193 123,378 94,002 30,761 30,339 32,902 29,376 142,164 4,351 1,382 2,988 137,813 13,100 124,676 94,048 30,577 30,597 32,874 30,628 142,974 4,429 1,428 2,986 138,545 13,503 125,027 94,340 30,805 30,658 32,877 30,688 143,328 4,469 1,448 3,032 138,858 13,549 125,285 94,328 30,918 30,668 32,742 30,957 143,277 4,468 1,351 3,126 138,809 13,595 125,200 94,079 30,971 30,490 32,618 31,121 143,305 4,402 1,405 2,985 138,903 13,570 125,406 94,253 31,115 30,524 32,614 31,153 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,837 2,026 576 1,450 72,812 6,836 65,976 50,461 16,877 16,432 17,152 15,515 76,142 2,021 593 1,428 74,121 7,147 66,975 50,429 16,903 16,488 17,037 16,546 75,686 1,971 632 1,339 73,716 6,969 66,747 50,286 16,801 16,437 17,048 16,460 75,217 2,167 628 1,536 73,050 6,973 66,130 50,548 16,880 16,438 17,231 15,582 75,174 2,077 604 1,504 73,097 6,764 66,407 50,168 16,502 16,519 17,147 16,239 75,769 2,157 651 1,497 73,612 6,989 66,636 50,352 16,608 16,552 17,193 16,284 76,027 2,182 719 1,467 73,845 7,096 66,790 50,342 16,715 16,527 17,100 16,447 75,983 2,163 656 1,492 73,821 7,125 66,720 50,194 16,734 16,380 17,080 16,526 76,060 2,111 690 1,422 73,949 7,104 66,902 50,370 16,799 16,443 17,127 16,532 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,843 2,167 672 1,495 63,676 6,205 57,471 43,608 13,923 13,918 15,767 13,863 67,407 2,232 697 1,535 65,175 6,478 58,698 44,094 14,280 14,164 15,651 14,603 67,373 2,221 710 1,511 65,152 6,443 58,709 44,019 14,361 14,086 15,572 14,690 65,679 2,233 676 1,548 63,446 6,220 57,248 43,454 13,881 13,902 15,671 13,794 66,990 2,273 779 1,484 64,716 6,336 58,269 43,880 14,075 14,078 15,727 14,389 67,206 2,272 777 1,490 64,934 6,514 58,391 43,987 14,197 14,106 15,684 14,404 67,301 2,287 729 1,565 65,014 6,453 58,496 43,986 14,203 14,141 15,643 14,510 67,294 2,305 695 1,634 64,988 6,470 58,480 43,885 14,237 14,109 15,538 14,595 67,245 2,291 715 1,563 64,954 6,467 58,504 43,883 14,315 14,080 15,487 14,621 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,786 34,516 8,807 44,293 34,839 9,226 44,014 34,942 9,125 43,701 34,194 – 43,913 34,788 – 43,980 34,804 – 44,134 34,561 – 44,016 34,576 – 43,924 34,611 – FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,050 27,630 115,515 28,034 115,079 27,980 113,820 27,126 114,492 27,711 115,259 27,692 115,469 27,869 115,665 27,517 115,868 27,502 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,030 5.0 7,235 5.0 7,081 4.9 6,982 5.0 6,931 4.9 6,882 4.8 6,927 4.8 7,109 5.0 7,017 4.9 SELF-EMPLOYMENT Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,199 9,252 5,160 9,738 5,175 9,502 – 9,448 – 9,488 – 9,622 – 9,570 – 9,735 – 9,682 1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Dec. 2011 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Aug. 2012 Sept. 2012 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years................................... . 18 to 19 years................................... . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years................................... . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over............................ . 13,049 1,310 502 816 11,739 2,183 9,560 7,640 3,149 2,210 2,281 1,929 12,042 1,376 536 799 10,666 1,968 8,661 6,742 2,642 2,028 2,071 1,911 12,206 1,355 490 872 10,852 2,151 8,725 6,777 2,611 2,158 2,008 1,957 8.5 22.9 27.8 20.9 7.9 14.2 7.2 7.5 9.3 6.8 6.5 6.2 8.1 24.5 29.3 22.7 7.4 13.8 6.7 7.0 8.3 6.6 6.3 5.9 7.8 23.7 25.5 22.7 7.2 12.4 6.6 6.8 8.1 6.3 6.0 5.9 7.9 23.7 25.3 22.7 7.3 13.2 6.6 6.8 8.2 6.3 6.1 5.8 7.8 23.6 28.4 20.4 7.1 12.6 6.5 6.7 7.9 6.2 6.0 5.8 7.8 23.5 25.8 22.6 7.2 13.7 6.5 6.7 7.7 6.6 5.8 5.9 Men, 16 years and over.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years................................... . 18 to 19 years................................... . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years................................... . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over............................ . 7,152 782 283 499 6,370 1,244 5,098 4,072 1,725 1,179 1,168 1,026 6,530 783 300 466 5,747 1,031 4,698 3,601 1,427 1,069 1,105 1,097 6,486 739 231 508 5,746 1,108 4,620 3,525 1,411 1,087 1,027 1,095 8.7 26.5 31.1 24.5 8.0 15.1 7.2 7.5 9.3 6.7 6.3 6.2 8.3 28.5 36.5 25.6 7.6 15.1 6.8 7.0 8.3 6.3 6.4 6.1 8.0 27.1 30.0 25.7 7.3 13.7 6.6 6.7 8.0 6.1 6.1 6.4 8.0 26.8 28.3 26.4 7.3 13.8 6.6 6.8 8.1 6.0 6.3 6.1 7.9 26.6 31.4 23.8 7.2 12.6 6.6 6.7 7.9 6.1 6.1 6.2 7.9 25.9 25.1 26.3 7.2 13.5 6.5 6.5 7.7 6.2 5.7 6.2 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years................................... . 18 to 19 years................................... . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years................................... . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over1 .......................... . 5,897 528 219 317 5,369 939 4,462 3,568 1,424 1,031 1,113 832 5,512 594 236 334 4,918 937 3,963 3,141 1,215 959 967 773 5,721 615 259 364 5,105 1,042 4,105 3,252 1,200 1,071 981 794 8.2 19.1 24.5 17.0 7.8 13.1 7.2 7.6 9.3 6.9 6.6 5.7 7.8 20.4 22.5 19.5 7.3 12.5 6.7 7.1 8.3 6.9 6.2 6.2 7.5 20.2 21.4 19.5 7.0 10.9 6.5 6.8 8.2 6.4 6.0 5.6 7.7 20.4 22.0 18.8 7.2 12.5 6.6 6.9 8.3 6.6 5.9 5.5 7.6 20.5 25.3 17.0 7.0 12.6 6.3 6.7 7.9 6.4 5.9 5.0 7.8 21.2 26.6 18.9 7.3 13.9 6.6 6.9 7.7 7.1 6.0 5.1 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,386 1,941 1,308 2,184 1,842 1,103 2,173 1,916 1,166 5.2 5.4 12.9 4.9 5.1 12.3 4.7 5.0 11.3 4.6 5.1 11.5 4.7 5.1 10.7 4.7 5.2 11.3 FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,247 1,823 10,155 1,810 10,422 1,819 9.0 6.3 8.6 6.1 8.3 5.7 8.3 6.2 8.1 6.2 8.3 6.2 1 Not seasonally adjusted. 2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Reason Dec. 2011 Nov. 2012 Seasonally adjusted Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Aug. 2012 Sept. 2012 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff........................... . Permanent job losers........................... . Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . Job leavers............................................ . Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,691 1,385 6,306 5,000 1,306 894 3,018 1,090 6,069 877 5,193 4,003 1,190 913 3,199 1,223 6,592 1,244 5,348 4,070 1,278 933 3,228 1,092 7,487 1,208 6,280 5,003 1,276 943 3,359 1,286 6,935 1,211 5,724 4,463 1,261 946 3,316 1,268 6,489 1,153 5,335 4,279 1,056 962 3,313 1,253 6,536 1,077 5,460 4,261 1,199 1,009 3,319 1,302 6,429 1,080 5,349 4,151 1,198 926 3,325 1,326 6,408 1,085 5,323 4,075 1,248 983 3,587 1,291 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff........................... . Job leavers............................................ . Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.6 10.9 49.7 7.0 23.8 8.6 53.2 7.7 45.5 8.0 28.1 10.7 55.7 10.5 45.2 7.9 27.3 9.2 57.3 9.2 48.0 7.2 25.7 9.8 55.6 9.7 45.9 7.6 26.6 10.2 54.0 9.6 44.4 8.0 27.6 10.4 53.7 8.8 44.9 8.3 27.3 10.7 53.5 9.0 44.6 7.7 27.7 11.0 52.2 8.8 43.4 8.0 29.2 10.5 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers............................................ . Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 0.6 2.0 0.7 3.9 0.6 2.1 0.8 4.3 0.6 2.1 0.7 4.9 0.6 2.2 0.8 4.5 0.6 2.1 0.8 4.2 0.6 2.1 0.8 4.2 0.6 2.1 0.8 4.1 0.6 2.1 0.9 4.1 0.6 2.3 0.8 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Duration Dec. 2011 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 Seasonally adjusted Dec. 2011 Aug. 2012 Sept. 2012 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 weeks and over................................... . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,640 2,735 7,317 1,906 5,411 2,340 2,634 6,431 1,724 4,707 2,678 2,732 6,435 1,817 4,618 2,640 2,840 7,583 1,987 5,596 2,865 2,848 6,846 1,823 5,023 2,535 2,825 6,736 1,866 4,871 2,633 2,847 6,829 1,813 5,017 2,596 2,757 6,604 1,820 4,784 2,676 2,838 6,661 1,895 4,766 Average (mean) duration, in weeks1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.7 21.0 40.1 19.5 37.0 18.1 40.7 20.8 39.3 18.2 39.6 18.7 39.9 19.6 39.7 18.9 38.1 18.0 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 weeks and over................................... . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.8 21.5 57.7 15.0 42.6 20.5 23.1 56.4 15.1 41.3 22.6 23.1 54.3 15.3 39.0 20.2 21.7 58.0 15.2 42.8 22.8 22.7 54.5 14.5 40.0 21.0 23.4 55.7 15.4 40.3 21.4 23.1 55.5 14.7 40.8 21.7 23.1 55.2 15.2 40.0 22.0 23.3 54.7 15.6 39.1 1 Beginning in January 2011, this series reflects a change to the collection of data on unemployment duration. For more information, see www.bls.gov/cps/duration.htm. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Employed Occupation Total, 16 years and over1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . Management, business, and financial operations occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service occupations................................................. . Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations........................................................ . Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............ . Production, transportation, and material moving occupations........................................................ . Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and material moving occupations............. . Unemployed Unemployment rates Dec. 2011 Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Dec. 2012 140,681 52,808 143,060 54,635 12,692 2,303 11,844 2,221 8.3 4.2 7.6 3.9 22,039 30,769 24,678 33,310 15,826 17,484 22,757 31,877 25,075 33,497 15,396 18,101 1,019 1,284 2,542 2,844 1,325 1,518 963 1,258 2,465 2,515 1,161 1,354 4.4 4.0 9.3 7.9 7.7 8.0 4.1 3.8 9.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 13,104 915 7,220 4,970 12,811 863 7,069 4,879 1,924 203 1,417 304 1,722 194 1,194 334 12.8 18.2 16.4 5.8 11.8 18.3 14.4 6.4 16,781 8,441 8,340 17,042 8,357 8,685 1,942 1,008 933 1,788 846 943 10.4 10.7 10.1 9.5 9.2 9.8 1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Industry and class of worker Total, 16 years and over1 ............................................................... . Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... . Construction.......................................................................... . Manufacturing........................................................................ . Durable goods..................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ . Professional and business services............................................... . Education and health services..................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... . Government workers................................................................... . Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Dec. 2011 Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Dec. 2012 12,692 9,956 59 1,327 1,217 783 434 1,701 399 235 514 1,403 1,201 1,395 505 215 892 539 11,844 9,104 58 1,105 1,145 706 439 1,430 369 229 386 1,307 1,177 1,426 472 209 874 566 8.3 8.3 6.9 16.0 7.9 8.0 7.6 8.2 7.0 7.7 5.6 9.3 5.5 10.8 8.0 14.3 4.1 5.5 7.6 7.6 6.3 13.5 7.5 7.3 7.7 7.0 6.1 8.0 4.1 8.7 5.2 10.8 7.1 15.1 4.0 5.6 1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent] Not seasonally adjusted Measure U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force................................................. . Seasonally adjusted Dec. 2011 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Aug. 2012 Sept. 2012 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012 4.8 4.2 4.2 4.9 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.3 5.0 3.9 4.3 4.9 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.1 8.3 7.4 7.6 8.5 8.1 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.8 8.8 7.9 8.3 9.0 8.6 8.3 8.4 8.3 8.5 9.8 8.8 9.2 10.0 9.6 9.3 9.3 9.2 9.4 15.2 13.9 14.4 15.2 14.7 14.7 14.5 14.4 14.4 NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Category Dec. 2011 Men Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Women Dec. 2012 Dec. 2011 Dec. 2012 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force............................................ . Persons who currently want a job. . . . ............................. . Marginally attached to the labor force1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3 . . . . 87,212 6,135 2,540 945 1,595 89,445 6,532 2,614 1,068 1,545 34,813 2,911 1,304 565 738 35,712 3,064 1,303 636 667 52,398 3,224 1,237 380 857 53,733 3,467 1,311 433 878 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both full time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,030 5.0 3,504 1,990 239 1,248 7,081 4.9 3,591 2,118 228 1,088 3,523 4.7 1,981 689 125 711 3,485 4.6 1,976 729 137 608 3,506 5.3 1,523 1,301 114 537 3,597 5.3 1,615 1,390 91 481 1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. 2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonally adjusted Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p 132,965 110,632 18,076 134,708 112,398 18,615 135,065 112,651 18,448 134,822 112,548 18,297 132,186 110,193 18,176 133,705 111,757 18,331 133,866 111,928 18,330 134,021 112,096 18,389 Change from: Nov.2012 Dec.2012p 155 168 59 Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, except oil and gas1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 818 48.5 769.9 186.3 216.4 86.9 367.2 839 52.0 787.2 195.4 219.1 79.4 372.7 835 50.9 784.1 196.0 215.1 78.6 373.0 831 51.1 780.1 197.3 209.5 78.5 373.3 822 48.7 773.3 186.3 220.5 86.6 366.5 829 50.0 779.3 196.1 214.5 79.7 368.7 833 50.0 783.4 196.9 214.0 79.2 372.5 837 50.7 786.1 198.4 213.9 78.6 373.8 4 0.7 2.7 1.5 -0.1 -0.6 1.3 Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 5,441 1,222.6 570.6 652.0 798.8 3,419.3 1,425.1 1,994.2 5,772 1,262.4 578.6 683.8 910.5 3,598.7 1,528.0 2,070.7 5,644 1,241.6 574.3 667.3 872.0 3,530.3 1,500.4 2,029.9 5,482 1,229.2 564.2 665.0 806.2 3,446.8 1,464.1 1,982.7 5,546 1,226.7 571.4 655.3 840.0 3,479.6 1,455.0 2,024.6 5,544 1,225.0 562.5 662.5 844.5 3,474.0 1,473.7 2,000.3 5,534 1,219.5 559.0 660.5 841.1 3,473.1 1,479.1 1,994.0 5,564 1,232.3 564.8 667.5 840.4 3,491.0 1,491.4 1,999.6 30 12.8 5.8 7.0 -0.7 17.9 12.3 5.6 Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,817 12,004 11,969 11,984 11,808 11,958 11,963 11,988 25 Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer and electronic products1 . . . . . . . . . . Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Semiconductors and electronic components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . Transportation equipment1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,366 329.4 361.2 400.8 1,366.6 1,086.0 1,110.2 162.7 112.5 7,486 333.9 367.5 406.6 1,410.1 1,100.2 1,099.3 164.0 107.0 7,489 335.3 365.4 404.7 1,410.2 1,100.3 1,095.4 164.5 106.6 7,504 335.8 361.4 404.1 1,407.9 1,105.5 1,099.9 165.4 107.0 7,361 332.0 367.0 400.7 1,367.8 1,082.0 1,107.4 162.2 112.2 7,474 332.6 361.2 405.9 1,406.1 1,101.7 1,100.3 164.6 107.1 7,492 335.6 363.1 404.7 1,409.0 1,104.1 1,097.3 164.3 106.8 7,503 337.5 366.6 404.9 1,408.3 1,106.1 1,097.3 164.3 106.7 11 1.9 3.5 0.2 -0.7 2.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 387.0 402.6 369.2 1,421.1 742.8 346.1 575.4 384.9 398.2 372.0 1,466.3 773.2 349.1 580.5 382.0 397.6 370.6 1,478.1 784.8 346.5 582.9 383.3 399.5 369.9 1,488.5 792.9 347.5 583.2 386.5 401.4 369.1 1,414.2 737.6 348.6 572.6 384.7 398.9 371.9 1,466.2 773.6 348.5 579.8 383.2 398.9 371.7 1,477.8 785.0 348.6 579.6 382.8 399.3 369.6 1,483.8 789.8 348.2 580.7 -0.4 0.4 -2.1 6.0 4.8 -0.4 1.1 Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beverages and tobacco products. . . . . . . . . . . . Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leather and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,451 1,448.0 189.1 119.1 114.4 148.7 30.4 393.6 460.9 111.8 796.6 638.2 4,518 1,493.1 205.8 117.8 114.2 147.2 29.0 390.1 452.5 118.9 800.1 649.6 4,480 1,466.9 201.8 119.4 114.0 146.8 29.3 388.5 453.9 117.3 790.7 651.1 4,480 1,457.3 200.9 119.5 115.1 145.3 29.5 388.7 454.1 115.8 801.0 652.6 4,447 1,442.2 191.9 119.6 114.3 150.1 30.3 392.2 459.6 113.9 793.8 639.5 4,484 1,466.5 201.3 118.3 114.0 146.5 28.9 390.0 451.4 115.7 801.5 649.6 4,471 1,455.3 202.3 119.5 114.2 146.2 29.0 388.6 452.2 116.4 795.3 651.8 4,485 1,459.8 203.7 119.9 115.0 145.8 29.5 388.1 452.6 117.3 799.6 653.9 14 4.5 1.4 0.4 0.8 -0.4 0.5 -0.5 0.4 0.9 4.3 2.1 Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92,556 93,783 94,203 94,251 92,017 93,426 93,598 93,707 109 Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,803 25,532 26,051 26,137 25,181 25,465 25,543 25,532 -11 Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 5,580.1 2,773.8 1,957.8 848.5 5,666.7 2,801.3 1,996.1 869.3 5,674.9 2,802.8 2,001.5 870.6 5,669.4 2,806.2 1,990.8 872.4 5,568.8 2,770.5 1,952.8 845.5 5,649.2 2,795.8 1,986.2 867.2 5,659.7 2,800.2 1,990.2 869.3 5,659.6 2,803.0 1,986.9 869.7 -0.1 2.8 -3.3 0.4 Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle and parts dealers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . 15,231.1 1,699.0 1,067.9 467.4 14,855.1 1,737.8 1,098.3 460.5 15,345.5 1,734.7 1,096.1 470.1 15,433.8 1,728.9 1,095.5 477.4 14,731.5 1,709.3 1,071.4 446.5 14,848.7 1,731.1 1,094.7 452.8 14,911.5 1,735.7 1,096.3 452.1 14,900.2 1,739.6 1,100.3 452.6 -11.3 3.9 4.0 0.5 See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Change from: Nov.2012 Dec.2012p Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . Building material and garden supply stores.. . Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General merchandise stores1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541.8 1,108.2 2,874.5 999.9 827.2 1,527.9 496.3 1,132.5 2,893.8 1,015.4 833.5 1,416.9 532.8 1,130.2 2,925.0 1,027.6 836.9 1,580.4 535.1 1,123.2 2,927.0 1,035.3 836.1 1,580.3 514.8 1,141.8 2,848.5 984.2 830.5 1,384.5 497.5 1,155.2 2,890.9 1,016.3 832.6 1,408.9 508.0 1,158.8 2,897.6 1,017.1 835.6 1,439.2 508.8 1,160.1 2,901.4 1,017.8 837.0 1,420.5 0.8 1.3 3.8 0.7 1.4 -18.7 603.2 3,337.1 1,734.6 778.0 466.9 568.4 3,049.9 1,491.6 802.8 447.3 604.6 3,244.8 1,627.7 792.7 465.7 604.0 3,321.9 1,681.8 789.7 474.9 558.2 3,116.0 1,567.1 761.5 435.7 567.4 3,070.6 1,511.7 789.0 436.4 565.9 3,084.7 1,514.1 780.3 436.5 563.5 3,085.0 1,509.3 774.9 439.0 -2.4 0.3 -4.8 -5.4 2.5 Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transit and ground passenger transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,435.0 455.1 231.4 63.0 1,315.6 4,445.2 451.9 232.2 68.1 1,373.4 4,469.1 447.7 232.5 67.5 1,368.8 4,468.6 446.4 231.8 67.2 1,362.4 4,321.8 456.1 231.7 63.3 1,318.1 4,401.7 452.4 231.6 67.6 1,355.4 4,407.5 449.1 231.2 68.4 1,358.3 4,406.9 448.1 231.4 67.7 1,362.5 -0.6 -1.0 0.2 -0.7 4.2 449.3 43.5 24.4 575.7 618.2 658.8 463.5 44.2 31.4 591.1 515.0 674.4 463.5 44.4 27.7 586.7 547.6 682.7 464.9 44.6 26.1 590.8 550.4 684.0 433.5 43.4 29.6 574.1 521.9 650.1 444.8 44.2 30.6 587.4 520.5 667.2 445.5 44.4 30.8 584.8 524.5 670.5 447.6 44.4 31.4 587.4 513.7 672.7 2.1 0.0 0.6 2.6 -10.8 2.2 Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557.1 564.7 561.6 565.0 559.1 565.3 563.8 565.6 1.8 Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . Motion picture and sound recording industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data processing, hosting and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,660 749.9 2,616 738.6 2,650 736.2 2,641 735.4 2,645 746.1 2,621 736.2 2,634 733.0 2,625 730.3 -9 -2.7 367.2 281.0 851.9 357.1 279.3 827.8 387.3 280.6 832.5 381.7 279.5 830.8 363.8 279.6 846.9 365.3 278.4 828.5 381.5 278.4 828.2 378.8 278.2 826.4 -2.7 -0.2 -1.8 243.7 166.5 241.4 171.6 241.6 172.2 242.2 171.1 242.5 166.5 241.6 171.2 240.7 171.9 240.9 170.6 0.2 -1.3 Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . Credit intermediation and related activities1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depository credit intermediation1 . . . . . . . . . . Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities, commodity contracts, investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 7,707 5,771.2 18.8 7,771 5,804.0 19.4 7,764 5,816.2 19.5 7,793 5,837.2 19.7 7,696 5,756.8 18.9 7,767 5,806.0 19.4 7,767 5,811.2 19.5 7,776 5,818.8 19.7 9 7.6 0.2 2,578.3 1,748.1 1,321.1 2,604.1 1,746.4 1,315.7 2,613.7 1,747.8 1,314.7 2,621.0 1,754.7 1,317.2 2,570.1 1,745.9 1,319.7 2,607.1 1,749.8 1,317.3 2,609.7 1,750.5 1,316.9 2,611.3 1,750.0 1,314.3 1.6 -0.5 -2.6 804.5 2,285.0 84.6 1,935.6 1,409.1 502.1 24.4 806.3 2,289.9 84.3 1,967.3 1,424.2 520.0 23.1 805.2 2,294.1 83.7 1,947.8 1,413.0 511.6 23.2 808.5 2,303.7 84.3 1,955.3 1,424.4 507.7 23.2 803.7 2,279.6 84.5 1,939.0 1,408.5 506.3 24.2 805.1 2,290.2 84.2 1,961.1 1,420.0 518.1 23.0 803.2 2,295.1 83.7 1,955.7 1,416.5 516.3 22.9 806.8 2,297.5 83.5 1,957.0 1,419.2 515.0 22.8 3.6 2.4 -0.2 1.3 2.7 -1.3 -0.1 17,698 7,859.3 1,118.8 966.3 1,303.1 18,181 7,968.9 1,123.3 883.1 1,336.9 18,177 7,995.4 1,123.4 900.1 1,335.4 18,147 8,076.2 1,125.7 961.6 1,336.6 17,593 7,815.5 1,115.6 957.8 1,303.1 18,014 8,004.4 1,122.6 956.2 1,330.2 18,046 8,020.9 1,122.4 956.1 1,333.2 18,065 8,037.8 1,123.4 952.1 1,337.0 19 16.9 1.0 -4.0 3.8 1,564.3 1,630.3 1,639.0 1,642.9 1,557.8 1,623.8 1,632.7 1,638.3 5.6 1,112.9 1,939.2 7,899.2 1,162.6 1,958.3 8,254.0 1,161.0 1,968.1 8,213.7 1,171.6 1,974.1 8,097.1 1,099.6 1,932.5 7,844.9 1,152.4 1,959.4 8,050.1 1,152.0 1,965.2 8,059.8 1,157.8 1,967.1 8,060.1 5.8 1.9 0.3 Industry Retail trade - Continued Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and technical services1 . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . Computer systems design and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management of companies and enterprises. . . . Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Change from: Nov.2012 Dec.2012p Administrative and support services1 . . . . . . . . Employment services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . Waste management and remediation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,533.7 3,163.4 2,505.8 838.8 1,702.1 7,879.4 3,336.1 2,655.0 840.3 1,840.6 7,841.8 3,322.7 2,654.4 851.0 1,807.9 7,727.8 3,284.2 2,620.9 854.4 1,727.5 7,477.0 3,047.9 2,396.3 819.9 1,780.5 7,678.5 3,208.0 2,542.5 829.6 1,792.3 7,687.7 3,204.4 2,550.3 831.6 1,798.3 7,688.2 3,196.1 2,549.7 829.5 1,798.5 0.5 -8.3 -0.6 -2.1 0.2 365.5 374.6 371.9 369.3 367.9 371.6 372.1 371.9 -0.2 Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ambulatory health care services1 . . . . . . . . . Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing and residential care facilities1 . . . . Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Social assistance1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,236 3,396.8 16,839.2 14,204.4 6,249.3 2,402.3 639.8 1,160.0 4,775.7 3,179.4 1,664.7 2,634.8 854.6 20,609 3,472.0 17,136.9 14,475.0 6,432.2 2,456.2 674.6 1,219.6 4,839.3 3,203.5 1,659.9 2,661.9 855.7 20,684 3,504.3 17,179.9 14,501.0 6,432.5 2,458.9 673.0 1,217.5 4,852.4 3,216.1 1,667.3 2,678.9 856.7 20,703 3,453.7 17,249.0 14,558.4 6,462.4 2,472.4 678.1 1,221.5 4,868.7 3,227.3 1,666.9 2,690.6 852.4 20,079 3,278.9 16,800.3 14,185.4 6,237.0 2,389.9 637.9 1,160.0 4,774.3 3,174.1 1,661.4 2,614.9 841.5 20,442 3,331.6 17,110.8 14,458.9 6,414.0 2,449.2 673.3 1,214.7 4,841.0 3,203.9 1,660.2 2,651.9 842.8 20,466 3,328.8 17,136.7 14,478.6 6,418.4 2,450.5 674.1 1,214.4 4,850.4 3,209.8 1,662.5 2,658.1 839.4 20,531 3,339.1 17,191.7 14,523.1 6,441.4 2,457.3 677.0 1,219.8 4,862.1 3,219.6 1,663.4 2,668.6 839.4 65 10.3 55.0 44.5 23.0 6.8 2.9 5.4 11.7 9.8 0.9 10.5 0.0 Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 13,116 1,746.7 373.3 13,680 1,891.7 411.5 13,497 1,803.6 394.2 13,456 1,794.4 392.3 13,464 1,911.0 392.9 13,724 1,932.7 407.5 13,753 1,946.8 406.4 13,784 1,944.8 409.3 31 -2.0 2.9 128.1 1,245.3 11,369.2 1,734.9 9,634.3 135.0 1,345.2 11,788.0 1,799.2 9,988.8 130.3 1,279.1 11,693.1 1,756.0 9,937.1 129.2 1,272.9 11,662.0 1,738.9 9,923.1 135.4 1,382.7 11,552.5 1,802.0 9,750.5 135.3 1,389.9 11,791.1 1,807.8 9,983.3 135.8 1,404.6 11,806.4 1,808.3 9,998.1 135.9 1,399.6 11,839.6 1,803.5 10,036.1 0.1 -5.0 33.2 -4.8 38.0 Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership associations and organizations. . . . 5,336 1,156.9 1,289.9 2,889.0 5,394 1,168.9 1,304.1 2,920.5 5,380 1,161.2 1,304.3 2,914.6 5,374 1,160.6 1,302.3 2,910.7 5,359 1,165.3 1,292.3 2,901.1 5,393 1,166.4 1,305.8 2,920.8 5,389 1,164.1 1,305.4 2,919.9 5,394 1,168.5 1,303.5 2,922.2 5 4.4 -1.9 2.3 Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 22,333 2,834.0 2,211.6 622.1 5,156.0 2,491.8 2,663.7 14,343.0 8,173.3 6,170.1 22,310 2,805.0 2,193.4 611.7 5,216.0 2,586.1 2,630.2 14,289.0 8,071.1 6,218.2 22,414 2,785.0 2,184.4 600.1 5,236.0 2,608.4 2,627.6 14,393.0 8,166.8 6,225.7 22,274 2,793.0 2,184.8 608.5 5,176.0 2,543.5 2,632.0 14,305.0 8,129.5 6,175.1 21,993 2,836.0 2,216.2 619.5 5,048.0 2,377.9 2,670.3 14,109.0 7,859.5 6,249.5 21,948 2,803.0 2,196.3 606.5 5,067.0 2,425.7 2,640.8 14,078.0 7,824.0 6,254.3 21,938 2,797.0 2,194.4 602.3 5,068.0 2,428.3 2,640.0 14,073.0 7,817.1 6,256.0 21,925 2,794.0 2,192.0 602.1 5,072.0 2,430.8 2,641.0 14,059.0 7,805.6 6,253.8 -13 -3.0 -2.4 -0.2 4.0 2.5 1.0 -14.0 -11.5 -2.2 Industry Administrative and waste services - Continued 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................. . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................. . Nondurable goods.............................................................. . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade...................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities........................................................................... . Information......................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services..................................................................... . 34.4 40.2 44.7 38.4 40.7 41.1 40.0 33.3 34.7 38.8 31.8 38.3 41.1 36.6 37.3 35.8 32.8 26.1 31.6 34.3 40.1 43.5 38.8 40.5 40.7 40.0 33.2 34.4 38.6 31.4 38.3 41.5 36.2 37.2 35.8 32.8 26.0 31.5 34.4 40.2 43.5 38.9 40.6 40.9 40.1 33.3 34.6 38.7 31.6 38.5 42.6 36.5 37.3 36.0 32.8 26.0 31.5 34.5 40.4 44.0 39.3 40.7 40.9 40.3 33.3 34.5 38.7 31.5 38.5 42.0 36.6 37.3 35.9 32.7 26.2 31.6 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing........................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods................................................................... . 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.4 Industry p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Total private................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade......................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Information............................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services........................................ . $23.25 24.55 28.39 25.44 23.86 25.33 21.37 22.94 20.22 26.49 16.03 22.00 33.68 31.73 28.30 27.90 23.90 13.33 20.67 $23.59 24.77 28.72 25.85 24.00 25.40 21.63 23.31 20.59 27.04 16.41 21.91 34.24 31.73 29.45 28.14 24.30 13.38 20.86 $23.66 24.87 28.94 25.96 24.08 25.48 21.70 23.37 20.63 27.12 16.40 21.92 35.32 31.80 29.51 28.21 24.40 13.40 20.87 $23.73 24.95 29.09 25.98 24.18 25.59 21.78 23.44 20.71 27.27 16.49 21.94 34.99 32.03 29.58 28.29 24.47 13.41 20.96 p Preliminary Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p $ 799.80 $ 809.14 $ 813.90 $ 818.69 986.91 993.28 999.77 1,007.98 1,269.03 1,249.32 1,258.89 1,279.96 976.90 1,002.98 1,009.84 1,021.01 971.10 972.00 977.65 984.13 1,041.06 1,033.78 1,042.13 1,046.63 854.80 865.20 870.17 877.73 763.90 773.89 778.22 780.55 701.63 708.30 713.80 714.50 1,027.81 1,043.74 1,049.54 1,055.35 509.75 515.27 518.24 519.44 842.60 839.15 843.92 844.69 1,384.25 1,420.96 1,504.63 1,469.58 1,161.32 1,148.63 1,160.70 1,172.30 1,055.59 1,095.54 1,100.72 1,103.33 998.82 1,007.41 1,015.56 1,015.61 783.92 797.04 800.32 800.17 347.91 347.88 348.40 351.34 653.17 657.09 657.41 662.34 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours1 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2 Industry Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Percent change from: Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction................................. . Manufacturing............................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade.......................... . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services...... . Education and health services. . . . ........ . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.0 83.2 115.5 73.4 86.5 85.2 88.8 98.4 95.0 94.3 95.2 94.7 99.4 88.4 94.6 99.1 107.2 100.3 93.8 96.1 83.7 113.3 74.2 87.1 85.6 89.5 99.6 95.3 95.1 94.7 96.5 101.5 86.7 95.2 101.4 109.2 101.8 94.1 96.5 84.0 113.9 74.2 87.4 86.3 89.5 100.1 96.1 95.6 95.7 97.1 103.9 87.8 95.5 102.2 109.3 102.0 94.1 96.9 84.6 115.7 75.4 87.8 86.4 90.2 100.2 95.8 95.6 95.3 97.1 102.8 87.7 95.6 102.0 109.3 103.0 94.4 0.4 0.7 1.6 1.6 0.5 0.1 0.8 0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -1.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.0 1.0 0.3 Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Percent change from: Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012p 105.3 92.4 131.6 81.1 95.9 95.8 96.3 109.4 103.4 104.2 100.8 105.8 110.6 99.9 104.5 112.0 120.0 107.8 110.1 108.1 93.8 130.7 83.3 97.2 96.6 98.3 112.5 105.6 107.4 102.7 107.3 114.8 97.9 109.4 115.6 124.3 109.9 111.4 108.9 94.4 132.3 83.7 97.9 97.6 98.5 113.3 106.7 108.2 103.8 108.0 121.3 99.4 110.0 116.8 124.9 110.3 111.4 109.7 95.4 135.2 85.1 98.7 98.2 99.7 113.8 106.8 108.8 103.9 108.1 118.8 100.1 110.4 116.9 125.3 111.5 112.3 0.7 1.1 2.2 1.7 0.8 0.6 1.2 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.1 -2.1 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.8 1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees Industry Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Total nonfarm.............. . . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing..................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing...................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality............................ . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – – 4,044 109 709 3,226 1,714 1,512 – – 1,678.0 – 1,006.0 137.3 1,069 4,480 7,805 15,417 7,025 2,824 12,574 – – 4,093 113 716 3,264 1,729 1,535 – – 1,695.6 – 1,024.9 141.1 1,056 4,506 7,963 15,692 7,155 2,849 12,513 – – 4,098 113 717 3,268 1,731 1,537 – – 1,693.8 – 1,026.2 141.4 1,058 4,511 7,973 15,717 7,179 2,844 12,509 – – 4,096 112 716 3,268 1,733 1,535 – – 1,686.6 – 1,032.6 142.0 1,060 4,515 7,977 15,768 7,195 2,845 12,498 – – 22.2 13.3 12.8 27.3 23.3 34.0 – – 30.1 – 23.3 24.6 40.4 58.2 44.4 76.8 52.2 52.7 57.2 – – 22.3 13.6 12.9 27.3 23.1 34.2 – – 30.0 – 23.3 25.0 40.3 58.0 44.2 76.8 52.1 52.8 57.0 – – 22.4 13.6 13.0 27.3 23.1 34.4 – – 29.9 – 23.3 25.1 40.2 58.1 44.2 76.8 52.2 52.8 57.0 – – 22.3 13.4 12.9 27.3 23.1 34.2 – – 29.8 – 23.4 25.1 40.4 58.1 44.2 76.8 52.2 52.7 57.0 p Preliminary NOTE: Some data in this table have been temporarily suspended. For more information see http://www.bls.gov/bls/ceswomen_retail_correction.htm. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [In thousands] Industry Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing........ . . . . . . . . . . ..................................................... . Mining and logging.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction.......................................................................... . Manufacturing........................................................................ . Durable goods..................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. . Wholesale trade................................................................... . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing................................................ . Utilities.............................................................................. . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ . Professional and business services............................................... . Education and health services..................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,956 13,111 621 4,193 8,297 5,059 3,238 77,845 21,361 4,473.6 12,717.6 3,724.7 445.4 2,128 5,900 14,480 17,607 11,878 4,491 92,367 13,186 624 4,151 8,411 5,149 3,262 79,181 21,617 4,554.2 12,793.8 3,817.6 451.7 2,122 5,979 14,927 17,910 12,121 4,505 92,489 13,176 625 4,148 8,403 5,159 3,244 79,313 21,670 4,558.6 12,838.1 3,821.8 451.4 2,134 5,978 14,948 17,934 12,145 4,504 92,634 13,227 627 4,175 8,425 5,167 3,258 79,407 21,651 4,559.8 12,816.4 3,822.6 452.0 2,125 5,990 14,977 17,981 12,177 4,506 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................. . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................. . Nondurable goods.............................................................. . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade...................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities........................................................................... . Information......................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services..................................................................... . 33.7 41.1 47.6 39.2 41.6 42.1 40.9 32.5 33.8 38.7 30.7 37.7 40.5 36.0 36.6 35.2 32.3 24.9 30.8 33.6 41.0 45.8 39.4 41.5 41.8 41.0 32.4 33.6 38.6 30.3 38.0 40.8 35.6 36.8 35.1 32.3 24.9 30.5 33.7 41.1 46.1 39.4 41.6 41.9 41.1 32.5 33.9 38.7 30.6 38.2 42.0 35.9 36.8 35.2 32.3 24.9 30.5 33.8 41.2 46.4 39.6 41.6 41.8 41.1 32.5 33.9 38.7 30.6 38.3 41.6 35.8 36.7 35.4 32.3 25.1 30.5 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing........................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods................................................................... . 4.1 4.3 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.3 Industry 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminar ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Total private................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade......................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . Information............................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services........................................ . $19.59 20.78 24.89 23.75 19.02 20.15 17.19 19.34 17.25 21.97 13.68 19.60 30.99 26.80 22.26 23.12 21.01 11.53 17.42 $19.82 21.02 25.96 24.06 19.18 20.25 17.47 19.56 17.46 22.24 13.85 19.48 31.87 27.05 23.04 23.32 21.12 11.65 17.54 $19.86 21.07 26.13 24.12 19.23 20.29 17.50 19.60 17.48 22.30 13.84 19.48 32.60 26.98 23.19 23.38 21.16 11.65 17.56 $19.92 21.12 26.10 24.17 19.26 20.34 17.51 19.66 17.51 22.39 13.86 19.53 32.07 27.20 23.43 23.44 21.21 11.69 17.59 Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p $ 660.18 $ 665.95 $ 669.28 $ 673.30 854.06 861.82 865.98 870.14 1,184.76 1,188.97 1,204.59 1,211.04 931.00 947.96 950.33 957.13 791.23 795.97 799.97 801.22 848.32 846.45 850.15 850.21 703.07 716.27 719.25 719.66 628.55 633.74 637.00 638.95 583.05 586.66 592.57 593.59 850.24 858.46 863.01 866.49 419.98 419.66 423.50 424.12 738.92 740.24 744.14 748.00 1,255.10 1,300.30 1,369.20 1,334.11 964.80 962.98 968.58 973.76 814.72 847.87 853.39 859.88 813.82 818.53 822.98 829.78 678.62 682.18 683.47 685.08 287.10 290.09 290.09 293.42 536.54 534.97 535.58 536.50 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [2002=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours2 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3 Industry Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Percent change from: Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction................................. . Manufacturing............................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade.......................... . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services...... . Education and health services. . . . ........ . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.4 82.3 157.1 82.3 79.2 80.0 78.0 108.2 100.7 102.0 98.8 105.7 92.3 87.4 103.3 114.2 122.7 108.3 97.0 103.7 82.6 151.9 81.9 80.1 80.9 78.8 109.7 101.3 103.5 98.1 109.2 94.2 86.2 105.3 117.4 124.8 110.6 96.4 104.1 82.8 153.1 81.8 80.2 81.2 78.6 110.2 102.4 103.9 99.4 109.9 97.0 87.4 105.3 117.9 125.0 110.8 96.3 104.6 83.3 154.6 82.8 80.5 81.2 78.9 110.3 102.3 103.9 99.3 110.2 96.2 86.8 105.2 118.8 125.3 112.0 96.4 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.2 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.8 -0.7 -0.1 0.8 0.2 1.1 0.1 Dec. 2011 Oct. 2012 Nov. 2012p Dec. 2012p Percent change from: Nov. 2012 Dec. 2012p 134.1 104.8 227.4 105.5 98.6 100.7 94.8 143.4 123.9 132.0 115.9 131.4 119.3 116.0 142.2 157.2 169.4 141.9 123.1 137.3 106.4 229.3 106.4 100.5 102.3 97.3 147.1 126.1 135.6 116.5 134.9 125.4 115.5 150.0 163.0 173.3 146.3 123.2 138.2 106.8 232.7 106.6 100.9 102.9 97.1 148.1 127.7 136.5 118.0 135.8 131.9 116.8 150.9 164.1 173.8 146.6 123.3 139.2 107.7 234.7 108.0 101.3 103.1 97.6 148.7 127.8 137.1 117.9 136.5 128.7 116.9 152.4 165.7 174.7 148.6 123.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.3 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.5 -2.4 0.1 1.0 1.0 0.5 1.4 0.2 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary