Full text of The Employment Situation : December 2009
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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, January 8, 2010 USDL-09-1583 Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION – DECEMBER 2009 Nonfarm payroll employment edged down (-85,000) in December, and the unemployment rate was unchanged at 10.0 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment fell in construction, manufacturing, and wholesale trade, while temporary help services and health care added jobs. Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, December 2007 – December 2009 Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change, seasonally adjusted, December 2007 – December 2009 Percent Thousands 11.0 600 10.0 400 9.0 200 8.0 0 7.0 -200 6.0 -400 5.0 -600 4.0 -800 Dec-07 M ar-08 Jun-08 Sep-08 Dec-08 M ar-09 Jun-09 Sep-09 Dec-09 Dec-07 M ar-08 Jun-08 Sep-08 Dec-08 M ar-09 Jun-09 Sep-09 Dec-09 Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data Seasonally adjusted household survey data have been revised using updated seasonal adjustment factors, a procedure done at the end of each calendar year. Seasonally adjusted estimates back to January 2005 were subject to revision. The unemployment rates for January 2009 through November 2009 (as originally published and as revised) appear in table B on page 6, along with additional information about the revisions. Household Survey Data In December, both the number of unemployed persons, at 15.3 million, and the unemployment rate, at 10.0 percent, were unchanged. At the start of the recession in December 2007, the number of unemployed persons was 7.7 million, and the unemployment rate was 5.0 percent. (See table A-1.) Unemployment rates for the major worker groups—adult men (10.2 percent), adult women (8.2 percent), teenagers (27.1 percent), whites (9.0 percent), blacks (16.2 percent), and Hispanics (12.9 percent)—showed little change in December. The unemployment rate for Asians was 8.4 percent, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) Among the unemployed, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks and over) continued to trend up, reaching 6.1 million. In December, 4 in 10 unemployed workers were jobless for 27 weeks or longer. (See table A-9.) The civilian labor force participation rate fell to 64.6 percent in December. The employment-population ratio declined to 58.2 percent. (See table A-1.) The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as involuntary part-time workers) was about unchanged at 9.2 million in December and has been relatively flat since March. These individuals were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-5.) About 2.5 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force in December, an increase of 578,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-13.) Among the marginally attached, there were 929,000 discouraged workers in December, up from 642,000 a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.6 million persons marginally attached to the labor force had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. Establishment Survey Data Total nonfarm payroll employment edged down in December (-85,000). Job losses continued in construction, manufacturing, and wholesale trade, while temporary help services and health care continued to add jobs. During 2009, monthly job losses moderated substantially. Employment losses in the first quarter of 2009 averaged 691,000 per month, compared with an average loss of 69,000 per month in the fourth quarter. (See table B-1.) Construction employment declined by 53,000 in December, with job losses throughout the industry. Employment in construction has fallen by 1.6 million since the recession began. In December, employment in manufacturing decreased by 27,000. The average monthly decline for the last 6 months of 2009 (-41,000) was much lower than the average monthly decline for the first half -2- of the year (-171,000). Since the recession began, manufacturing employment has fallen by 2.1 million; three-fourths of this drop occurred in the durable goods component (-1.6 million). Wholesale trade employment declined by 18,000 in December, with the majority of the decline occurring among durable goods wholesalers. Employment in retail trade was little changed over the month, although general merchandise stores lost 15,000 jobs. Temporary help services added 47,000 jobs in December. Since reaching a low point in July, temporary help services employment has risen by 166,000. Health care employment continued to increase in December (22,000), with notable gains in offices of physicians (9,000) and home health care services (8,000). The health care industry has added 631,000 jobs since the recession began. In December, the average workweek for production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.2 hours. The manufacturing workweek, at 40.4 hours, and factory overtime, at 3.4 hours, were unchanged over the month. Since May, the manufacturing workweek has increased by 1.0 hour. (See table B-2.) In December, average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 3 cents, or 0.2 percent, to $18.80. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.2 percent, while average weekly earnings have risen by 1.9 percent. (See table B-3.) The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for October was revised from -111,000 to -127,000, and the change for November was revised from -11,000 to +4,000. The Employment Situation for January is scheduled to be released on Friday, February 5, 2010, at 8:30 a.m. (EST). Upcoming Changes to The Employment Situation News Release Effective with the release of January 2010 data on February 5, 2010, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics will introduce several changes to The Employment Situation news release text and tables. Two new summary tables—one for the household survey and one for the establishment survey—will replace the current table A. In addition, three new household data tables will provide information on the employment status of veterans, persons with a disability, and the foreign born. Also, the establishment data tables have been largely redesigned to include information on all employee hours and earnings, women employees, and production and nonsupervisory employees. The ordering and format of some tables also will change. Additional information is available at www.bls.gov/bls/upcoming_empsit_changes.htm. -3- Revisions in the Establishment Survey Data With the release of January 2010 data on February 5, 2010, the Current Employment Statistics survey will introduce revisions to nonfarm payroll employment, hours, and earnings data to reflect the annual benchmark adjustments for March 2009 and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Not seasonally adjusted data beginning with April 2008 and seasonally adjusted data beginning with January 2005 are subject to revision. Revisions in the Household Survey Data Effective with the release of data for January 2010, revisions will be introduced into the population controls for the household survey. These changes reflect the routine annual updating of intercensal population estimates by the U.S. Census Bureau. -4- Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Quarterly averages Category III 2009 IV 2009 Oct. 2009 Dec. 2009 Nov.-Dec. change 153,059 137,792 15,267 83,865 -661 -589 -73 843 10.0 10.4 8.0 26.8 9.3 15.6 12.7 10.0 10.2 8.2 27.1 9.0 16.2 12.9 0.0 -.2 .2 .3 -.3 .6 .2 p 130,995 p 18,321 p 5,960 p 11,657 p 112,674 p 14,633 p 16,764 p 19,421 p 13,121 p 22,488 p 130,910 p 18,240 p 5,907 p 11,630 p 112,670 p 14,623 p 16,814 p 19,456 p 13,096 p 22,467 p -85 p -81 p -53 p -27 p -4 p -10 p 50 p 35 p -25 p -21 p 33.2 p 40.4 p 3.4 p 0.0 p .0 p .0 Nov. 2009 Labor force status HOUSEHOLD DATA Civilian labor force …………….…………… Employment …………………….………… Unemployment ……………….…………… Not in labor force ………………….………… Monthly data 154,235 139,339 14,895 81,858 153,544 138,138 15,406 83,195 153,854 138,242 15,612 82,696 153,720 138,381 15,340 83,022 Unemployment rates All workers ……………….……………....…… Adult men …………………....……...……… Adult women ………….…………………… Teenagers ………….………………...…… White ……….………….…...……………… Black or African American ………….…… Hispanic or Latino ethnicity ………..…… 9.7 10.1 7.7 25.4 8.9 15.1 12.7 10.0 10.4 8.1 27.2 9.2 15.8 12.9 10.1 10.6 8.1 27.6 9.4 15.7 13.1 Employment ESTABLISHMENT DATA Nonfarm employment ……….……...……… 131,262 1 18,595 Goods-producing …...…...……………… Construction ..…...…………….………… 6,100 11,786 Manufacturing …………………....…… 1 Service-providing ………...……..……… 112,667 2 14,720 Retail trade …...…………….…..…… Professional and business service ….. 16,628 Education and health services …..…… 19,307 Leisure and hospitality …...…………… 13,172 Government ………...…………………… 22,470 p 130,965 p 18,313 p 5,951 p 11,660 p 112,652 p 14,634 p 16,751 p 19,420 p 13,117 p 22,480 130,991 18,379 5,987 11,692 112,612 14,647 16,675 19,384 13,134 22,484 Hours of work Total private ……...…………...…………….. Manufacturing …………….……...……… Overtime ……...………………..…….… 33.1 39.9 3.0 p 33.1 p 40.3 p 3.3 33.0 40.1 3.2 3 p 33.2 p 40.4 p 3.4 Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) Total private ……...………………….……… 99.0 p 98.9 98.5 p 99.1 p 99.1 p 0.0 p $18.77 p 623.16 p $18.80 p 624.16 p $0.03 p 1.00 Earnings Average hourly earnings, total private …... Average weekly earnings, total private …… $18.64 617.10 p $18.77 p 621.91 $18.74 618.42 1 3 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Quarterly averages and the over-the-month change are calculated using unrounded data. 3 Data relate to private production and nonsupervisory workers. p = preliminary. 2 NOTE: Seasonally adjusted household data have been revised. See note on page 6. -5- 3 Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data At the end of each calendar year, BLS routinely updates the seasonal adjustment factors for the labor force series derived from the Current Population Survey (CPS), or household survey. As a result of this process, seasonally adjusted data for January 2005 through November 2009 were subject to revision. Table B shows the unemployment rates for January 2009 through November 2009, as first published and as revised. The rates were unchanged in 7 of the 11 months and changed by one-tenth of a percentage point in the remaining 4 months. Revised seasonally adjusted data for other major labor force series beginning in December 2008 appear in table C. An article describing the seasonal adjustment methodology for the household survey data and revised data for January 2009 through November 2009 is available at www.bls.gov/cps/cpsrs2010.pdf. Historical data for the household series contained in the A tables of this release can be accessed at www.bls.gov/cps/cpsatabs.htm. Revised historical seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data for additional series are available on the Internet at ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/lf/. Table B. Seasonally adjusted unemployment rates and changes due to revision, January–November 2009 Year and month As first published As revised Change 2009 January ..................................... February ................................... March ....................................... April ......................................... May .......................................... June .......................................... July ........................................... August ...................................... September ................................ October .................................... November ................................ 7.6 8.1 8.5 8.9 9.4 9.5 9.4 9.7 9.8 10.2 10.0 7.7 8.2 8.6 8.9 9.4 9.5 9.4 9.7 9.8 10.1 10.0 -6- 0.1 .1 .1 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 -.1 .0 HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table C. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Employment status, sex, and age 2008 Dec. 2009 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population1 ...................... 235,035 234,739 234,913 235,086 235,271 235,452 235,655 235,870 236,087 236,322 236,550 236,743 236,924 Civilian labor force .............................................. 154,587 154,140 154,401 154,164 154,718 154,956 154,759 154,351 154,426 153,927 153,854 153,720 153,059 Participation rate ........................................... 65.8 65.7 65.7 65.6 65.8 65.8 65.7 65.4 65.4 65.1 65.0 64.9 64.6 Employed .......................................................... 143,188 142,221 141,687 140,854 140,902 140,438 140,038 139,817 139,433 138,768 138,242 138,381 137,792 Employment-population ratio ........................ 60.9 60.6 60.3 59.9 59.9 59.6 59.4 59.3 59.1 58.7 58.4 58.5 58.2 Unemployed ..................................................... 11,400 11,919 12,714 13,310 13,816 14,518 14,721 14,534 14,993 15,159 15,612 15,340 15,267 Unemployment rate ...................................... 7.4 7.7 8.2 8.6 8.9 9.4 9.5 9.4 9.7 9.8 10.1 10.0 10.0 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population1 ...................... 105,083 104,902 104,999 105,095 105,196 105,299 105,412 105,530 105,651 105,780 105,906 106,018 106,125 Civilian labor force .............................................. 79,108 78,769 78,859 78,680 79,106 79,339 79,246 78,984 79,196 78,977 79,024 78,901 78,402 Participation rate ........................................... 75.3 75.1 75.1 74.9 75.2 75.3 75.2 74.8 75.0 74.7 74.6 74.4 73.9 Employed .......................................................... 73,237 72,625 72,266 71,667 71,665 71,552 71,354 71,255 71,142 70,861 70,662 70,662 70,391 Employment-population ratio ........................ 69.7 69.2 68.8 68.2 68.1 68.0 67.7 67.5 67.3 67.0 66.7 66.7 66.3 Unemployed ..................................................... 5,871 6,144 6,593 7,013 7,441 7,787 7,892 7,728 8,055 8,116 8,362 8,239 8,011 Unemployment rate ...................................... 7.4 7.8 8.4 8.9 9.4 9.8 10.0 9.8 10.2 10.3 10.6 10.4 10.2 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population1 ...................... 112,825 112,738 112,824 112,908 112,999 113,089 113,189 113,296 113,405 113,522 113,636 113,737 113,832 Civilian labor force .............................................. 68,904 68,793 68,914 68,972 69,105 69,060 68,984 68,910 68,847 68,686 68,687 68,742 68,620 Participation rate ........................................... 61.1 61.0 61.1 61.1 61.2 61.1 60.9 60.8 60.7 60.5 60.4 60.4 60.3 Employed .......................................................... 64,744 64,391 64,238 64,110 64,147 63,847 63,741 63,685 63,552 63,280 63,133 63,269 62,998 Employment-population ratio ........................ 57.4 57.1 56.9 56.8 56.8 56.5 56.3 56.2 56.0 55.7 55.6 55.6 55.3 Unemployed ..................................................... 4,160 4,402 4,676 4,863 4,957 5,213 5,243 5,225 5,295 5,406 5,554 5,473 5,622 Unemployment rate ...................................... 6.0 6.4 6.8 7.1 7.2 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.7 7.9 8.1 8.0 8.2 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population1 ...................... Civilian labor force .............................................. Participation rate ........................................... Employed .......................................................... Employment-population ratio ........................ Unemployed ..................................................... Unemployment rate ...................................... 17,126 6,575 38.4 5,207 30.4 1,368 20.8 17,098 6,578 38.5 5,205 30.4 1,373 20.9 17,090 6,628 38.8 5,183 30.3 1,445 21.8 17,083 6,512 38.1 5,077 29.7 1,435 22.0 17,076 6,507 38.1 5,089 29.8 1,418 21.8 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. NOTE: Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors. -7- 17,064 6,557 38.4 5,039 29.5 1,518 23.2 17,053 6,529 38.3 4,943 29.0 1,586 24.3 17,044 6,457 37.9 4,877 28.6 1,581 24.5 17,031 6,383 37.5 4,740 27.8 1,643 25.7 17,020 6,264 36.8 4,627 27.2 1,637 26.1 17,008 6,143 36.1 4,448 26.1 1,696 27.6 16,988 6,077 35.8 4,450 26.2 1,627 26.8 16,967 6,037 35.6 4,403 25.9 1,634 27.1 Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates Why are there two monthly measures of employment? The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of 107,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? Neither the establishment nor household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Thus, while it is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The household survey does include questions about whether respondents were born outside the United States. Data from these questions show that foreignborn workers accounted for 15.6 percent of the labor force in 2008. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not -8- immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance benefits? No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work? Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in the Employment Situation news release. -9- Technical Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides the information on the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with state agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses and government agencies covering approximately 400,000 individual worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of unemployment insurance tax accounts. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2007 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity. Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most supersectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus 430,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -330,000 to 530,000 (100,000 +/430,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased. If, however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment is about +/-280,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/-.19 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly estimates. The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component uses business deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from 0.1 percent to 0.6 percent. Other information Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 8778339. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted 1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age Dec. 2008 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 235,035 154,349 65.7 143,350 61.0 10,999 7.1 80,686 5,180 236,743 153,539 64.9 139,132 58.8 14,407 9.4 83,204 5,618 236,924 152,693 64.4 137,953 58.2 14,740 9.7 84,231 5,939 235,035 154,587 65.8 143,188 60.9 11,400 7.4 80,448 5,511 236,087 154,426 65.4 139,433 59.1 14,993 9.7 81,661 5,609 236,322 153,927 65.1 138,768 58.7 15,159 9.8 82,396 5,960 236,550 153,854 65.0 138,242 58.4 15,612 10.1 82,696 6,031 236,743 153,720 64.9 138,381 58.5 15,340 10.0 83,022 6,043 236,924 153,059 64.6 137,792 58.2 15,267 10.0 83,865 6,306 113,769 82,226 72.3 75,548 66.4 6,678 8.1 31,543 114,632 81,612 71.2 73,107 63.8 8,505 10.4 33,019 114,728 81,243 70.8 72,258 63.0 8,985 11.1 33,485 113,769 82,462 72.5 75,812 66.6 6,650 8.1 31,308 114,288 82,466 72.2 73,436 64.3 9,031 11.0 31,821 114,411 82,197 71.8 73,120 63.9 9,077 11.0 32,214 114,530 82,184 71.8 72,844 63.6 9,340 11.4 32,346 114,632 81,964 71.5 72,794 63.5 9,171 11.2 32,667 114,728 81,454 71.0 72,499 63.2 8,955 11.0 33,274 105,083 79,071 75.2 73,088 69.6 5,984 7.6 26,012 106,018 78,723 74.3 71,112 67.1 7,611 9.7 27,295 106,125 78,392 73.9 70,251 66.2 8,141 10.4 27,733 105,083 79,108 75.3 73,237 69.7 5,871 7.4 25,975 105,651 79,196 75.0 71,142 67.3 8,055 10.2 26,455 105,780 78,977 74.7 70,861 67.0 8,116 10.3 26,803 105,906 79,024 74.6 70,662 66.7 8,362 10.6 26,882 106,018 78,901 74.4 70,662 66.7 8,239 10.4 27,117 106,125 78,402 73.9 70,391 66.3 8,011 10.2 27,723 121,266 72,122 59.5 67,802 55.9 4,320 6.0 49,143 122,111 71,927 58.9 66,024 54.1 5,902 8.2 50,184 122,197 71,450 58.5 65,694 53.8 5,756 8.1 50,747 121,266 72,126 59.5 67,376 55.6 4,750 6.6 49,140 121,799 71,960 59.1 65,997 54.2 5,962 8.3 49,839 121,911 71,729 58.8 65,648 53.8 6,081 8.5 50,182 122,020 71,669 58.7 65,398 53.6 6,271 8.8 50,350 122,111 71,756 58.8 65,587 53.7 6,169 8.6 50,355 122,197 71,605 58.6 65,293 53.4 6,312 8.8 50,591 112,825 69,042 61.2 65,204 57.8 3,838 5.6 43,784 113,737 69,049 60.7 63,787 56.1 5,262 7.6 44,688 113,832 68,617 60.3 63,430 55.7 5,187 7.6 45,215 112,825 68,904 61.1 64,744 57.4 4,160 6.0 43,921 113,405 68,847 60.7 63,552 56.0 5,295 7.7 44,558 113,522 68,686 60.5 63,280 55.7 5,406 7.9 44,837 113,636 68,687 60.4 63,133 55.6 5,554 8.1 44,949 113,737 68,742 60.4 63,269 55.6 5,473 8.0 44,994 113,832 68,620 60.3 62,998 55.3 5,622 8.2 45,212 17,126 6,235 36.4 5,058 29.5 1,177 18.9 10,891 16,988 5,767 33.9 4,233 24.9 1,534 26.6 11,221 16,967 5,684 33.5 4,272 25.2 1,412 24.8 11,283 17,126 6,575 38.4 5,207 30.4 1,368 20.8 10,551 17,031 6,383 37.5 4,740 27.8 1,643 25.7 10,648 17,020 6,264 36.8 4,627 27.2 1,637 26.1 10,756 17,008 6,143 36.1 4,448 26.1 1,696 27.6 10,865 16,988 6,077 35.8 4,450 26.2 1,627 26.8 10,911 16,967 6,037 35.6 4,403 25.9 1,634 27.1 10,930 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ..................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................. Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate ................................................ Not in labor force .......................................................... Persons who currently want a job ............................... Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ..................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................. Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate ................................................ Not in labor force .......................................................... Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ..................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................. Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate ................................................ Not in labor force .......................................................... Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ..................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................. Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate ................................................ Not in labor force .......................................................... Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ..................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................. Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate ................................................ Not in labor force .......................................................... Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ..................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................. Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate ................................................ Not in labor force .......................................................... 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted 1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age Dec. 2008 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 190,351 125,588 66.0 117,409 61.7 8,179 6.5 64,763 191,516 125,170 65.4 114,403 59.7 10,767 8.6 66,346 191,628 124,344 64.9 113,416 59.2 10,928 8.8 67,284 190,351 125,792 66.1 117,335 61.6 8,458 6.7 64,559 191,086 126,038 66.0 114,784 60.1 11,254 8.9 65,048 191,244 125,581 65.7 114,215 59.7 11,366 9.1 65,663 191,394 125,567 65.6 113,754 59.4 11,813 9.4 65,827 191,516 125,258 65.4 113,669 59.4 11,589 9.3 66,258 191,628 124,605 65.0 113,339 59.1 11,266 9.0 67,024 65,424 75.6 60,965 70.5 4,459 6.8 65,286 74.9 59,438 68.2 5,848 9.0 64,870 74.4 58,653 67.2 6,217 9.6 65,399 75.6 61,096 70.6 4,303 6.6 65,640 75.5 59,514 68.5 6,126 9.3 65,548 75.4 59,279 68.1 6,269 9.6 65,540 75.3 59,077 67.8 6,463 9.9 65,387 75.0 58,996 67.7 6,390 9.8 64,804 74.3 58,782 67.4 6,022 9.3 55,033 60.6 52,199 57.5 2,833 5.1 55,165 60.4 51,334 56.2 3,831 6.9 54,823 60.0 51,116 55.9 3,707 6.8 54,939 60.5 51,817 57.1 3,122 5.7 55,036 60.4 51,211 56.2 3,825 7.0 54,841 60.1 50,956 55.8 3,884 7.1 54,932 60.2 50,861 55.7 4,071 7.4 54,908 60.1 50,852 55.6 4,056 7.4 54,822 60.0 50,753 55.5 4,069 7.4 5,131 39.1 4,245 32.4 886 17.3 4,719 36.3 3,631 28.0 1,088 23.0 4,651 35.9 3,647 28.1 1,004 21.6 5,454 41.6 4,421 33.7 1,033 18.9 5,362 41.2 4,060 31.2 1,303 24.3 5,192 39.9 3,980 30.6 1,212 23.3 5,095 39.2 3,816 29.3 1,279 25.1 4,963 38.2 3,820 29.4 1,142 23.0 4,978 38.4 3,804 29.3 1,174 23.6 28,059 17,720 63.2 15,649 55.8 2,071 11.7 10,339 28,404 17,606 62.0 14,938 52.6 2,667 15.2 10,798 28,437 17,484 61.5 14,759 51.9 2,725 15.6 10,953 28,059 17,797 63.4 15,646 55.8 2,150 12.1 10,262 28,290 17,596 62.2 14,914 52.7 2,682 15.2 10,694 28,330 17,455 61.6 14,754 52.1 2,701 15.5 10,875 28,369 17,516 61.7 14,763 52.0 2,754 15.7 10,853 28,404 17,660 62.2 14,904 52.5 2,757 15.6 10,744 28,437 17,600 61.9 14,758 51.9 2,843 16.2 10,837 7,981 70.7 6,879 60.9 1,102 13.8 7,911 69.0 6,637 57.9 1,274 16.1 7,896 68.7 6,579 57.3 1,317 16.7 7,997 70.8 6,896 61.1 1,101 13.8 7,913 69.4 6,569 57.6 1,344 17.0 7,820 68.4 6,526 57.1 1,294 16.5 7,899 69.0 6,553 57.2 1,346 17.0 7,915 69.0 6,584 57.4 1,331 16.8 7,907 68.8 6,591 57.4 1,316 16.6 9,031 64.2 8,264 58.7 767 8.5 8,999 63.1 7,942 55.7 1,057 11.7 8,891 62.2 7,786 54.5 1,105 12.4 9,076 64.5 8,267 58.7 809 8.9 8,976 63.2 7,885 55.5 1,091 12.2 8,947 62.9 7,827 55.0 1,120 12.5 8,911 62.5 7,800 54.8 1,110 12.5 9,001 63.1 7,946 55.7 1,055 11.7 8,959 62.7 7,788 54.5 1,171 13.1 708 26.3 506 18.8 202 28.5 696 26.0 359 13.4 337 48.4 698 26.2 394 14.8 303 43.5 724 26.9 483 18.0 241 33.3 708 26.4 460 17.2 247 35.0 688 25.7 401 15.0 287 41.7 707 26.4 409 15.3 298 42.1 743 27.8 373 14.0 370 49.8 734 27.5 379 14.2 356 48.4 WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Not in labor force .......................................................... Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Not in labor force .......................................................... Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. See footnotes at end of table. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted 1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age Dec. 2008 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 10,873 7,223 66.4 6,857 63.1 365 5.1 3,651 10,879 7,080 65.1 6,566 60.4 514 7.3 3,799 10,904 7,163 65.7 6,560 60.2 602 8.4 3,741 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) ASIAN Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Not in labor force .......................................................... 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Seasonally adjusted 1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age Dec. 2008 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 32,649 22,221 68.1 20,129 61.7 2,093 9.4 10,428 33,291 22,622 68.0 19,860 59.7 2,762 12.2 10,669 33,379 22,481 67.3 19,591 58.7 2,890 12.9 10,899 32,649 22,145 67.8 20,056 61.4 2,089 9.4 10,505 33,017 22,320 67.6 19,411 58.8 2,908 13.0 10,697 33,110 22,444 67.8 19,595 59.2 2,849 12.7 10,666 33,202 22,492 67.7 19,553 58.9 2,939 13.1 10,710 33,291 22,564 67.8 19,692 59.2 2,872 12.7 10,727 33,379 22,404 67.1 19,513 58.5 2,891 12.9 10,976 12,752 83.8 11,558 76.0 1,194 9.4 12,862 83.0 11,374 73.4 1,488 11.6 12,804 82.4 11,168 71.9 1,636 12.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 8,430 58.8 7,765 54.2 665 7.9 8,767 59.9 7,838 53.5 929 10.6 8,720 59.4 7,806 53.2 915 10.5 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 1,039 33.5 805 26.0 234 22.6 993 31.5 649 20.6 344 34.7 956 30.3 617 19.5 340 35.5 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Not in labor force .......................................................... Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force ........................................................ Participation rate ....................................................... Employed .................................................................... Employment-population ratio .................................... Unemployed ............................................................... Unemployment rate .................................................. 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Seasonally adjusted Dec. 2008 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 12,136 46.5 10,719 41.1 1,417 11.7 11,929 46.0 10,207 39.4 1,722 14.4 12,015 45.7 10,123 38.5 1,892 15.7 12,112 46.4 10,749 41.2 1,362 11.2 12,323 47.4 10,414 40.0 1,909 15.5 12,263 47.1 10,426 40.0 1,837 15.0 12,155 47.2 10,272 39.9 1,883 15.5 12,003 46.3 10,202 39.3 1,802 15.0 11,977 45.6 10,144 38.6 1,833 15.3 38,838 62.7 35,815 57.9 3,023 7.8 38,013 62.0 34,249 55.9 3,764 9.9 37,808 61.7 33,803 55.2 4,005 10.6 38,588 62.3 35,596 57.5 2,992 7.8 38,073 61.9 34,324 55.8 3,749 9.8 38,059 62.0 33,956 55.3 4,104 10.8 37,917 61.8 33,674 54.9 4,243 11.2 37,759 61.6 33,851 55.2 3,908 10.4 37,607 61.4 33,649 55.0 3,958 10.5 36,867 71.7 34,819 67.7 2,048 5.6 37,228 70.9 34,099 65.0 3,128 8.4 36,796 70.4 33,660 64.4 3,135 8.5 36,939 71.8 34,773 67.6 2,166 5.9 36,667 71.3 33,645 65.4 3,022 8.2 36,732 70.7 33,583 64.6 3,149 8.6 36,899 70.9 33,596 64.5 3,303 9.0 36,946 70.4 33,629 64.1 3,318 9.0 36,892 70.6 33,560 64.2 3,332 9.0 45,202 77.9 43,619 75.2 1,583 3.5 45,981 77.4 43,888 73.9 2,093 4.6 45,927 77.2 43,752 73.5 2,175 4.7 45,216 78.0 43,544 75.1 1,672 3.7 45,817 77.0 43,650 73.4 2,167 4.7 45,910 77.3 43,686 73.6 2,224 4.8 46,316 77.4 44,116 73.7 2,200 4.7 45,992 77.4 43,743 73.6 2,249 4.9 45,994 77.3 43,707 73.4 2,288 5.0 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force .......................................................... Participation rate ......................................................... Employed ...................................................................... Employment-population ratio ...................................... Unemployed ................................................................. Unemployment rate .................................................... High school graduates, no college 1 Civilian labor force .......................................................... Participation rate ......................................................... Employed ...................................................................... Employment-population ratio ...................................... Unemployed ................................................................. Unemployment rate .................................................... Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force .......................................................... Participation rate ......................................................... Employed ...................................................................... Employment-population ratio ...................................... Unemployed ................................................................. Unemployment rate .................................................... Bachelor’s degree and higher 2 Civilian labor force .......................................................... Participation rate ......................................................... Employed ...................................................................... Employment-population ratio ...................................... Unemployed ................................................................. Unemployment rate .................................................... 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Category Dec. 2008 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries ................................... Wage and salary workers ............................................. Self-employed workers ................................................. Unpaid family workers .................................................. 2,068 1,162 883 23 2,039 1,281 740 18 1,952 1,228 707 17 2,185 1,242 943 (1) 2,095 1,252 821 (1) 2,009 1,177 796 (1) 2,041 1,263 736 (1) 2,086 1,331 752 (1) 2,056 1,308 755 (1) Nonagricultural industries ............................................... Wage and salary workers ............................................. Government ................................................................ Private industries ........................................................ Private households ................................................... Other industries ........................................................ Self-employed workers ................................................. Unpaid family workers .................................................. 141,282 132,518 21,415 111,103 782 110,321 8,701 62 137,093 128,049 21,466 106,583 776 105,807 8,973 72 136,001 127,003 21,128 105,875 736 105,139 8,915 83 140,975 132,022 21,393 110,629 (1) 109,816 8,915 (1) 137,285 128,168 21,124 107,094 (1) 106,273 9,032 (1) 136,752 127,650 20,978 106,662 (1) 105,885 9,009 (1) 136,311 127,312 21,161 106,173 (1) 105,401 8,960 (1) 136,357 127,160 21,233 105,856 (1) 105,097 9,111 (1) 135,717 126,539 21,110 105,428 (1) 104,666 9,135 (1) All industries: Part time for economic reasons .................................. Slack work or business conditions ........................... Could only find part-time work ................................. Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 8,250 6,340 1,562 19,719 8,894 6,524 2,132 19,208 9,354 6,758 2,286 19,082 8,090 6,068 1,617 18,964 9,077 6,895 2,065 18,768 9,158 6,815 2,081 18,590 9,240 6,882 2,084 18,632 9,225 6,684 2,238 18,354 9,165 6,453 2,346 18,364 Nonagricultural industries: Part time for economic reasons .................................. Slack work or business conditions ........................... Could only find part-time work ................................. Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 8,110 6,250 1,553 19,405 8,796 6,446 2,124 18,871 9,222 6,672 2,267 18,740 7,972 5,990 1,616 18,647 8,946 6,797 2,046 18,383 8,983 6,695 2,063 18,251 9,158 6,797 2,033 18,317 9,137 6,616 2,241 18,066 9,055 6,378 2,349 18,056 PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2 1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Selected employment indicators (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Characteristic Dec. 2008 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 20 years and over ......................................................... 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 25 years and over ....................................................... 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 55 years and over ..................................................... 143,350 5,058 1,743 3,314 138,292 13,320 124,972 97,781 30,885 32,731 34,165 27,191 139,132 4,233 1,349 2,884 134,899 12,456 122,443 95,033 30,072 31,209 33,753 27,410 137,953 4,272 1,381 2,891 133,680 12,343 121,337 94,030 29,875 30,831 33,325 27,307 143,188 5,207 1,794 3,420 137,981 13,366 124,638 97,537 30,807 32,639 34,091 27,102 139,433 4,740 1,694 3,043 134,693 12,714 122,042 94,903 29,951 31,444 33,507 27,140 138,768 4,627 1,569 3,070 134,141 12,625 121,551 94,345 29,795 31,236 33,314 27,206 138,242 4,448 1,417 3,041 133,795 12,414 121,440 94,272 29,811 30,966 33,495 27,168 138,381 4,450 1,409 3,036 133,931 12,446 121,539 94,318 29,793 31,031 33,494 27,221 137,792 4,403 1,425 2,987 133,389 12,389 121,012 93,791 29,794 30,744 33,254 27,221 Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 20 years and over ......................................................... 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 25 years and over ....................................................... 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 55 years and over ..................................................... 75,548 2,460 797 1,663 73,088 6,760 66,328 52,031 16,784 17,581 17,666 14,297 73,107 1,996 619 1,377 71,112 6,291 64,821 50,450 16,316 16,819 17,314 14,371 72,258 2,008 618 1,389 70,251 6,127 64,124 49,905 16,146 16,615 17,144 14,219 75,812 2,575 860 1,711 73,237 6,868 66,383 52,059 16,758 17,601 17,700 14,324 73,436 2,294 833 1,464 71,142 6,483 64,685 50,501 16,219 16,822 17,460 14,184 73,120 2,259 762 1,500 70,861 6,402 64,466 50,203 16,120 16,758 17,325 14,263 72,844 2,182 688 1,485 70,662 6,257 64,449 50,222 16,203 16,642 17,376 14,227 72,794 2,131 673 1,453 70,662 6,301 64,375 50,090 16,157 16,719 17,214 14,285 72,499 2,108 672 1,434 70,391 6,234 64,166 49,921 16,118 16,629 17,174 14,245 Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 20 years and over ......................................................... 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 25 years and over ....................................................... 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 55 years and over ..................................................... 67,802 2,598 946 1,651 65,204 6,560 58,644 45,750 14,101 15,150 16,499 12,894 66,024 2,238 730 1,507 63,787 6,165 57,622 44,583 13,755 14,389 16,439 13,038 65,694 2,265 763 1,502 63,430 6,216 57,213 44,125 13,728 14,215 16,181 13,089 67,376 2,632 933 1,709 64,744 6,498 58,255 45,478 14,048 15,038 16,391 12,777 65,997 2,446 861 1,579 63,552 6,231 57,358 44,402 13,732 14,623 16,047 12,956 65,648 2,368 807 1,570 63,280 6,222 57,085 44,142 13,675 14,478 15,989 12,943 65,398 2,266 728 1,555 63,133 6,158 56,992 44,050 13,608 14,324 16,118 12,942 65,587 2,318 736 1,583 63,269 6,145 57,164 44,229 13,637 14,312 16,280 12,936 65,293 2,294 753 1,553 62,998 6,155 56,846 43,870 13,676 14,115 16,080 12,976 45,215 35,835 8,987 43,484 35,082 8,798 43,364 35,198 8,403 45,155 35,622 (1) 43,847 35,151 (1) 43,656 34,891 (1) 43,401 34,736 (1) 43,336 34,867 (1) 43,312 35,004 (1) 116,422 26,927 111,274 27,858 109,875 28,078 116,832 26,362 112,117 27,636 111,361 27,459 110,817 27,511 110,901 27,400 110,254 27,466 7,432 5.2 7,222 5.2 6,886 5.0 7,433 5.2 7,079 5.1 7,047 5.1 7,017 5.1 7,060 5.1 6,910 5.0 AGE AND SEX MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present ......................................... Married women, spouse present .................................... Women who maintain families ........................................ FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers 2 ......................................................... Part-time workers 3 ......................................................... MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders ................................................. Percent of total employed ........................................... 1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates 1 Dec. 2008 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 20 years and over ......................................................... 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 25 years and over ....................................................... 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 55 years and over ..................................................... 11,400 1,368 558 821 10,031 1,890 8,095 6,691 2,579 2,073 2,038 1,439 15,340 1,627 569 1,071 13,712 2,361 11,264 9,171 3,436 2,909 2,827 2,085 15,267 1,634 608 1,041 13,633 2,287 11,237 9,176 3,383 2,953 2,841 2,114 7.4 20.8 23.7 19.4 6.8 12.4 6.1 6.4 7.7 6.0 5.6 5.0 9.7 25.7 26.5 25.2 9.0 15.1 8.4 8.8 10.4 8.2 7.8 6.8 9.8 26.1 28.2 24.4 9.2 15.0 8.6 9.1 10.6 8.8 8.0 6.8 10.1 27.6 30.2 25.7 9.4 15.6 8.7 9.2 10.7 9.0 7.8 7.0 10.0 26.8 28.8 26.1 9.3 15.9 8.5 8.9 10.3 8.6 7.8 7.1 10.0 27.1 29.9 25.8 9.3 15.6 8.5 8.9 10.2 8.8 7.9 7.2 Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 20 years and over ......................................................... 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 25 years and over ....................................................... 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 55 years and over ..................................................... 6,650 778 311 476 5,871 1,154 4,691 3,900 1,570 1,149 1,181 791 9,171 932 296 638 8,239 1,415 6,763 5,562 2,046 1,707 1,809 1,201 8,955 944 332 621 8,011 1,407 6,531 5,313 1,992 1,624 1,697 1,217 8.1 23.2 26.5 21.8 7.4 14.4 6.6 7.0 8.6 6.1 6.3 5.2 11.0 29.9 29.6 29.9 10.2 17.0 9.5 10.0 11.5 9.5 9.1 7.5 11.0 29.9 31.1 28.3 10.3 17.2 9.7 10.3 11.9 9.7 9.4 7.3 11.4 31.0 33.5 28.9 10.6 18.6 9.7 10.2 11.4 10.1 9.2 7.8 11.2 30.4 30.5 30.5 10.4 18.3 9.5 10.0 11.2 9.3 9.5 7.8 11.0 30.9 33.1 30.2 10.2 18.4 9.2 9.6 11.0 8.9 9.0 7.9 Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 20 years and over ......................................................... 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 25 years and over ....................................................... 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 55 years and over 2 .................................................. 4,750 590 247 345 4,160 736 3,404 2,791 1,009 925 857 583 6,169 695 274 433 5,473 946 4,501 3,610 1,390 1,202 1,018 859 6,312 690 275 420 5,622 880 4,706 3,863 1,391 1,328 1,144 800 6.6 18.3 20.9 16.8 6.0 10.2 5.5 5.8 6.7 5.8 5.0 4.3 8.3 21.4 23.3 20.2 7.7 13.1 7.1 7.3 9.1 6.6 6.3 6.7 8.5 22.2 25.1 20.2 7.9 12.7 7.3 7.7 8.9 7.9 6.5 6.3 8.8 24.0 26.8 22.4 8.1 12.4 7.6 8.0 9.9 7.8 6.4 6.1 8.6 23.1 27.1 21.5 8.0 13.3 7.3 7.5 9.3 7.7 5.9 6.2 8.8 23.1 26.8 21.3 8.2 12.5 7.6 8.1 9.2 8.6 6.6 5.8 2,198 1,711 948 3,517 2,105 1,131 3,419 2,154 1,258 4.6 4.6 9.5 7.1 5.5 12.2 7.3 5.8 11.6 7.5 5.9 12.9 7.5 5.7 11.4 7.3 5.8 13.0 9,715 1,639 13,699 1,626 13,452 1,766 7.7 5.9 10.5 6.3 10.7 6.4 11.1 6.1 11.0 5.6 10.9 6.0 AGE AND SEX MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present ......................................... Married women, spouse present .................................... Women who maintain families 2 ..................................... FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers 3 ......................................................... Part-time workers 4 ......................................................... 1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Reason Dec. 2008 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 6,878 1,675 5,203 4,034 1,169 928 2,523 670 9,130 1,245 7,884 6,515 1,369 921 3,158 1,198 9,822 1,683 8,140 6,718 1,422 860 3,012 1,046 6,729 1,550 5,179 (1) (1) 1,007 2,802 820 9,814 1,704 8,110 (1) (1) 835 3,294 1,096 10,236 1,918 8,318 (1) (1) 869 3,255 1,134 10,261 1,671 8,590 (1) (1) 909 3,461 1,114 9,965 1,548 8,418 (1) (1) 929 3,221 1,270 9,701 1,558 8,143 (1) (1) 932 3,334 1,270 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 62.5 15.2 47.3 8.4 22.9 6.1 63.4 8.6 54.7 6.4 21.9 8.3 66.6 11.4 55.2 5.8 20.4 7.1 59.2 13.6 45.6 8.9 24.7 7.2 65.3 11.3 53.9 5.6 21.9 7.3 66.1 12.4 53.7 5.6 21.0 7.3 65.2 10.6 54.6 5.8 22.0 7.1 64.8 10.1 54.7 6.0 20.9 8.3 63.7 10.2 53.4 6.1 21.9 8.3 4.5 .6 1.6 .4 5.9 .6 2.1 .8 6.4 .6 2.0 .7 4.4 .7 1.8 .5 6.4 .5 2.1 .7 6.6 .6 2.1 .7 6.7 .6 2.2 .7 6.5 .6 2.1 .8 6.3 .6 2.2 .8 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs On temporary layoff .................................................... Not on temporary layoff .............................................. Permanent job losers .............................................. Persons who completed temporary jobs ................ Job leavers ..................................................................... Reentrants ...................................................................... New entrants .................................................................. PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed ........................................................... Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ............................................................................. On temporary layoff .................................................. Not on temporary layoff ............................................ Job leavers ................................................................... Reentrants .................................................................... New entrants ................................................................ UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ............................................................................. Job leavers ................................................................... Reentrants .................................................................... New entrants ................................................................ 1 Data not available. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Duration Dec. 2008 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Less than 5 weeks .............................................................................. 5 to 14 weeks ..................................................................................... 15 weeks and over ............................................................................. 15 to 26 weeks ................................................................................ 27 weeks and over .......................................................................... 3,227 3,390 4,381 1,869 2,512 2,583 3,296 8,528 2,678 5,849 2,871 3,335 8,534 2,638 5,896 3,294 3,535 4,599 1,987 2,612 2,992 4,093 7,849 2,825 5,024 2,938 3,838 8,405 2,958 5,447 3,131 3,671 8,804 3,184 5,620 2,774 3,517 8,976 3,075 5,901 2,929 3,486 8,969 2,840 6,130 Average (mean) duration, in weeks .................................................... Median duration, in weeks .................................................................. 19.5 10.5 29.4 20.2 29.0 20.2 19.6 10.7 25.2 15.5 26.5 17.8 27.2 19.0 28.6 20.2 29.1 20.5 100.0 29.3 30.8 39.8 17.0 22.8 100.0 17.9 22.9 59.2 18.6 40.6 100.0 19.5 22.6 57.9 17.9 40.0 100.0 28.8 30.9 40.2 17.4 22.9 100.0 20.0 27.4 52.6 18.9 33.6 100.0 19.4 25.3 55.4 19.5 35.9 100.0 20.1 23.5 56.4 20.4 36.0 100.0 18.2 23.0 58.8 20.1 38.7 100.0 19.0 22.7 58.3 18.5 39.8 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed ............................................................................... Less than 5 weeks ............................................................................ 5 to 14 weeks ................................................................................... 15 weeks and over ........................................................................... 15 to 26 weeks ............................................................................... 27 weeks and over ......................................................................... NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Employed Unemployed Occupation Total, 16 years and over 1 ....................................................... Management, professional, and related occupations ............. Management, business, and financial operations occupations ................................................................................ Professional and related occupations ...................................... Service occupations ....................................................................... Sales and office occupations ....................................................... Sales and related occupations .................................................. Office and administrative support occupations ...................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations .................................................................................... Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................. Construction and extraction occupations ................................ Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................ Production, transportation, and material moving occupations .................................................................................... Production occupations .............................................................. Transportation and material moving occupations ................. Dec. 2008 Dec. 2009 Unemployment rates Dec. 2008 Dec. 2009 143,350 52,548 137,953 52,131 10,999 1,802 14,740 2,509 7.1 3.3 9.7 4.6 21,928 30,619 24,371 34,987 16,354 18,633 20,944 31,188 24,216 33,296 15,478 17,819 888 915 2,057 2,448 1,233 1,215 1,157 1,352 2,747 3,184 1,520 1,664 3.9 2.9 7.8 6.5 7.0 6.1 5.2 4.2 10.2 8.7 8.9 8.5 14,202 901 8,025 5,276 12,617 869 7,106 4,642 2,063 201 1,522 339 2,802 242 2,067 494 12.7 18.3 15.9 6.0 18.2 21.8 22.5 9.6 17,242 8,421 8,821 15,692 7,420 8,272 1,928 992 936 2,425 1,281 1,144 10.1 10.5 9.6 13.4 14.7 12.2 1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Dec. 2008 Dec. 2009 HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Industry and class of worker Total, 16 years and over 1 .................................................... Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .................... Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ......................... Construction .................................................................................. Manufacturing ............................................................................... Durable goods ............................................................................ Nondurable goods ..................................................................... Wholesale and retail trade ......................................................... Transportation and utilities ......................................................... Information ..................................................................................... Financial activities ........................................................................ Professional and business services ......................................... Education and health services .................................................. Leisure and hospitality ................................................................ Other services ............................................................................... Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers ...... Government workers ..................................................................... Self employed and unpaid family workers ................................. Unemployment rates Dec. 2008 Dec. 2009 10,999 9,030 46 1,438 1,315 839 477 1,535 421 219 540 1,147 791 1,210 367 229 511 559 14,740 11,997 89 2,044 1,747 1,245 502 1,851 539 256 665 1,486 1,183 1,624 513 292 797 609 Dec. 2008 Dec. 2009 7.1 7.5 5.2 15.3 8.3 8.0 8.8 7.2 6.7 6.9 5.6 8.1 3.8 9.5 6.1 17.0 2.3 5.5 9.7 10.2 11.8 22.7 11.9 13.3 9.5 9.1 9.0 8.5 7.2 10.3 5.6 12.6 8.2 19.7 3.6 5.9 1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2009 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2007 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2007 North American Industry Classification System. No historical data have been revised. Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization (Percent) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Measure Dec. 2008 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009 Dec. 2009 U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force ..................................................................... 2.8 5.6 5.6 3.0 5.1 5.5 5.7 5.8 5.9 U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force .............................................. 4.5 5.9 6.4 4.4 6.4 6.6 6.7 6.5 6.3 U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate) ................................................. 7.1 9.4 9.7 7.4 9.7 9.8 10.1 10.0 10.0 U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers ........................... 7.5 9.9 10.2 7.8 10.1 10.3 10.6 10.5 10.5 U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers ................................ 8.3 10.7 11.1 8.5 11.0 11.1 11.5 11.3 11.4 13.5 16.4 17.1 13.7 16.8 17.0 17.4 17.2 17.3 U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not looking currently for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For more information, see "BLS introduces new range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Total Men Women Category Dec. 2008 Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Dec. 2009 80,686 5,180 1,908 84,231 5,939 2,486 31,543 2,432 1,000 33,485 2,896 1,384 49,143 2,748 908 50,747 3,043 1,102 642 1,266 929 1,558 367 634 594 790 276 632 334 768 Total multiple jobholders 4 .................................................................. Percent of total employed ............................................................... 7,432 5.2 6,886 5.0 3,743 5.0 3,369 4.7 3,689 5.4 3,517 5.4 Primary job full time, secondary job part time ................................. Primary and secondary jobs both part time .................................... Primary and secondary jobs both full time ...................................... Hours vary on primary or secondary job ......................................... 4,176 1,774 218 1,215 3,641 1,818 202 1,198 2,288 638 143 653 2,010 549 123 670 1,888 1,136 75 562 1,632 1,268 79 528 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force .................................................................. Persons who currently want a job ...................................................... Marginally attached to the labor force 1 ........................................ Reason not currently looking: Discouragement over job prospects 2 .................................. Reasons other than discouragement 3 ................................. MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS 1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Industry Dec. 2008 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Seasonally adjusted Dec. 2009p Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Dec. 2009p Change from: Nov. 2009Dec. 2009 p Total nonfarm ............................. 135,917 132,113 132,227 131,821 135,074 131,257 131,118 130,991 130,995 130,910 -85 Total private ........................................ 113,023 109,249 109,261 109,005 112,542 108,770 108,670 108,507 108,507 108,443 -64 Goods-producing ............................................ 20,469 18,700 18,538 18,221 20,532 18,583 18,488 18,379 18,321 18,240 -81 Mining and logging ................................................... Logging ........................................................... Mining .................................................................... Oil and gas extraction ........................................ Mining, except oil and gas 1................................. Coal mining ...................................................... Support activities for mining .............................. 786 56.1 730.3 169.3 225.0 85.1 336.0 708 52.8 655.6 165.2 217.4 77.5 273.0 712 52.8 659.1 166.6 217.0 77.4 275.5 705 51.4 653.2 166.2 209.4 77.0 277.6 789 55.7 733.3 169.4 229.2 84.5 334.7 706 51.2 655.1 165.2 214.3 78.9 275.6 705 51.9 653.2 166.1 214.4 78.5 272.7 700 50.5 649.9 165.4 212.4 77.3 272.1 704 50.7 652.8 166.2 213.6 76.9 273.0 703 50.4 652.7 166.2 212.6 76.4 273.9 -1 -.3 -.1 .0 -1.0 -.5 .9 Construction ............................................................. Construction of buildings ................................... Residential building ......................................... Nonresidential building .................................... Heavy and civil engineering construction ........ Specialty trade contractors ............................... Residential specialty trade contractors ........... Nonresidential specialty trade contractors ..... 6,739 1,571.6 772.4 799.2 897.0 4,270.1 1,851.1 2,419.0 6,217 1,421.0 698.5 722.5 884.0 3,912.1 1,739.5 2,172.6 6,093 1,403.8 689.4 714.4 864.0 3,825.6 1,706.7 2,118.9 5,826 1,369.9 676.0 693.9 777.9 3,678.2 1,638.3 2,039.9 6,841 1,572.9 769.4 803.5 933.2 4,335.2 1,883.6 2,451.6 6,096 1,406.1 685.4 720.7 849.2 3,840.2 1,691.4 2,148.8 6,043 1,391.9 680.4 711.5 841.2 3,810.0 1,690.3 2,119.7 5,987 1,381.6 676.0 705.6 827.0 3,778.5 1,681.2 2,097.3 5,960 1,381.1 675.2 705.9 829.0 3,750.1 1,677.7 2,072.4 5,907 1,369.6 671.4 698.2 810.6 3,726.5 1,662.9 2,063.6 -53 -11.5 -3.8 -7.7 -18.4 -23.6 -14.8 -8.8 Manufacturing ........................................................... Production workers ....................................... 12,944 9,202 11,775 8,284 11,733 8,259 11,690 8,208 12,902 9,174 11,781 8,265 11,740 8,243 11,692 8,211 11,657 8,192 11,630 8,164 -27 -28 Durable goods ....................................................... Production workers ....................................... Wood products ................................................... Nonmetallic mineral products ............................ Primary metals .................................................... Fabricated metal products ................................. Machinery ........................................................... Computer and electronic products 1.................... Computer and peripheral equipment ............. Communications equipment ........................... Semiconductors and electronic components . Electronic instruments ..................................... Electrical equipment and appliances ................ Transportation equipment 1.................................. Motor vehicles and parts 2................................. Furniture and related products .......................... Miscellaneous manufacturing ............................ 8,126 5,663 416.3 436.6 421.4 1,467.8 1,159.2 1,227.9 180.7 129.4 419.4 438.1 412.8 1,518.5 797.0 441.2 623.8 7,175 4,913 367.5 403.3 358.5 1,284.6 984.7 1,113.0 159.2 125.2 362.2 414.8 370.0 1,333.3 671.7 371.2 588.9 7,156 4,906 363.1 400.7 359.4 1,279.1 981.2 1,110.1 158.6 124.2 363.4 412.5 367.0 1,334.5 674.7 372.5 588.6 7,142 4,888 364.2 390.9 360.5 1,278.7 981.6 1,110.7 159.0 124.8 364.4 411.1 365.8 1,335.8 674.9 371.3 582.6 8,085 5,633 416.2 441.2 419.6 1,461.5 1,150.2 1,223.7 180.0 129.1 417.4 437.5 412.0 1,501.8 781.5 440.6 618.4 7,204 4,924 362.2 402.6 359.3 1,288.3 997.5 1,125.6 160.5 125.7 367.6 420.0 372.3 1,330.0 661.6 378.2 587.7 7,169 4,906 361.6 400.9 357.3 1,280.2 989.8 1,120.2 160.4 126.1 365.2 417.3 371.8 1,326.9 660.1 374.5 585.8 7,134 4,882 362.0 395.7 356.8 1,275.1 981.3 1,114.3 159.1 125.0 363.7 415.5 368.0 1,326.7 664.5 371.5 582.3 7,105 4,863 361.6 394.5 357.0 1,270.6 974.1 1,108.3 158.1 124.0 362.6 412.7 365.1 1,320.1 660.1 372.7 580.7 7,089 4,847 363.3 395.1 357.6 1,269.9 969.6 1,105.9 157.7 124.4 362.4 410.7 363.7 1,315.7 655.2 370.3 577.4 -16 -16 1.7 .6 .6 -.7 -4.5 -2.4 -.4 .4 -.2 -2.0 -1.4 -4.4 -4.9 -2.4 -3.3 Nondurable goods ................................................. 4,818 Production workers ....................................... 3,539 Food manufacturing ........................................... 1,482.6 Beverages and tobacco products ...................... 193.1 Textile mills ......................................................... 136.0 Textile product mills ........................................... 142.2 Apparel ................................................................ 181.7 Leather and allied products ............................... 32.7 Paper and paper products ................................. 434.6 Printing and related support activities ............... 569.9 Petroleum and coal products ............................. 114.0 Chemicals ........................................................... 836.7 Plastics and rubber products ............................. 694.9 4,600 3,371 1,500.6 195.1 121.4 125.6 164.3 29.7 403.1 510.9 115.4 800.4 633.2 4,577 3,353 1,484.7 188.9 122.3 125.4 162.5 29.8 402.9 507.6 114.5 805.8 632.9 4,548 3,320 1,470.4 186.2 122.0 125.8 163.8 29.9 399.4 507.5 109.0 803.0 630.5 4,817 3,541 1,477.6 195.8 136.8 141.2 183.5 32.6 433.4 567.0 116.9 837.1 694.9 4,577 3,341 1,476.4 189.8 122.3 125.5 165.4 30.6 405.7 513.7 114.0 803.4 630.4 4,571 3,337 1,476.3 189.7 121.8 125.8 163.7 30.2 405.4 511.4 114.2 802.5 629.5 4,558 3,329 1,473.9 189.8 121.1 124.7 163.4 29.6 402.1 508.3 113.7 802.3 629.1 4,552 3,329 1,471.0 189.2 121.7 123.7 162.7 29.8 401.0 503.6 114.2 804.9 630.4 4,541 3,317 1,466.9 188.7 122.3 123.7 164.5 29.9 397.8 503.5 112.3 801.8 629.3 -11 -12 -4.1 -.5 .6 .0 1.8 .1 -3.2 -.1 -1.9 -3.1 -1.1 See footnotes at the end of table. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Industry Dec. 2008 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Seasonally adjusted Dec. 2009p Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Dec. 2009p Service-providing .............................................. 115,448 113,413 113,689 113,600 114,542 112,674 112,630 112,612 112,674 112,670 Change from: Nov. 2009Dec. 2009 p -4 Private service-providing ............................... 92,554 90,549 90,723 90,784 92,010 90,187 90,182 90,128 90,186 90,203 17 Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................... 26,475 25,134 25,447 25,587 25,843 25,146 25,090 25,031 24,999 24,962 -37 Wholesale trade .................................................... 5,864.1 Durable goods .................................................... 2,986.0 Nondurable goods .............................................. 2,028.2 Electronic markets and agents and brokers ..... 849.9 5,671.9 2,824.2 2,001.5 846.2 5,664.0 2,810.5 2,007.4 846.1 5,636.6 2,795.3 1,992.8 848.5 5,850.7 2,978.6 2,025.1 847.0 5,661.0 2,828.3 1,991.6 841.1 5,654.1 2,821.2 1,990.5 842.4 5,647.3 2,813.4 1,988.7 845.2 5,636.7 2,800.1 1,992.8 843.8 5,618.5 2,786.2 1,987.4 844.9 -18.2 -13.9 -5.4 1.1 Retail trade ............................................................ 15,594.7 14,675.3 15,009.0 15,168.6 15,037.9 14,726.1 14,686.4 14,646.7 14,633.2 14,623.0 Motor vehicle and parts dealers 1........................ 1,728.7 1,680.2 1,661.1 1,656.0 1,745.6 1,674.7 1,668.4 1,668.4 1,667.4 1,669.8 Automobile dealers ......................................... 1,090.3 1,048.4 1,040.9 1,037.5 1,099.9 1,045.6 1,040.7 1,041.1 1,043.0 1,045.3 Furniture and home furnishings stores ............. 539.0 487.5 499.9 507.9 514.2 479.6 480.0 481.6 483.6 482.9 Electronics and appliance stores ....................... 561.3 510.5 524.2 528.2 538.6 513.0 511.5 507.3 505.7 505.4 Building material and garden supply stores ...... 1,196.7 1,157.3 1,150.1 1,142.0 1,227.8 1,169.7 1,167.8 1,164.8 1,164.6 1,168.1 Food and beverage stores ................................. 2,867.1 2,805.9 2,827.3 2,827.0 2,835.1 2,821.4 2,813.4 2,809.9 2,801.9 2,798.1 Health and personal care stores ....................... 1,009.4 978.1 985.6 998.3 991.2 982.2 976.5 978.7 976.9 980.6 Gasoline stations ................................................ 833.1 830.5 824.2 825.2 834.4 834.4 830.1 830.5 825.6 826.1 Clothing and clothing accessories stores ......... 1,592.9 1,419.8 1,512.3 1,571.9 1,448.5 1,410.9 1,411.3 1,416.2 1,421.4 1,421.1 Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores ................................................................ 682.9 593.8 619.7 639.4 624.3 601.8 604.5 589.7 586.6 586.1 General merchandise stores 1............................. 3,271.8 2,983.6 3,158.7 3,211.1 3,029.2 3,025.7 3,019.1 2,996.1 2,999.5 2,984.7 Department stores .......................................... 1,700.6 1,505.7 1,636.9 1,685.9 1,521.2 1,524.2 1,524.4 1,510.2 1,515.9 1,510.3 Miscellaneous store retailers ............................. 851.2 803.4 806.7 813.9 825.0 797.5 790.9 791.2 790.4 788.0 Nonstore retailers ............................................... 460.6 424.7 439.2 447.7 424.0 415.2 412.9 412.3 409.6 412.1 -10.2 2.4 2.3 -.7 -.3 3.5 -3.8 3.7 .5 -.3 Transportation and warehousing .......................... 4,452.8 Air transportation ................................................ 476.5 Rail transportation .............................................. 225.9 Water transportation ........................................... 59.1 Truck transportation ........................................... 1,347.9 Transit and ground passenger transportation ... 425.2 Pipeline transportation ....................................... 43.4 Scenic and sightseeing transportation .............. 23.2 Support activities for transportation ................... 581.8 Couriers and messengers .................................. 601.3 Warehousing and storage .................................. 668.5 -.5 -14.8 -5.6 -2.4 2.5 4,218.2 461.3 210.9 58.0 1,274.4 414.7 43.1 27.9 539.1 545.4 643.4 4,207.8 459.1 208.2 56.3 1,261.4 417.5 43.2 22.9 537.6 551.4 650.2 4,216.1 456.7 208.9 56.9 1,251.1 415.2 43.0 21.3 535.9 579.6 647.5 4,389.9 477.8 226.8 60.3 1,340.8 410.1 43.3 27.2 579.5 564.6 659.5 4,192.3 463.5 213.0 56.3 1,261.2 405.4 42.4 28.1 533.0 549.0 640.4 4,182.2 461.7 211.5 56.5 1,261.7 400.5 43.2 28.1 534.6 545.5 638.9 4,168.5 462.0 209.9 56.7 1,253.5 400.5 43.3 26.7 532.7 547.0 636.2 4,161.7 459.5 208.0 56.9 1,249.9 402.6 43.0 26.1 533.7 545.6 636.4 4,153.7 457.2 208.7 57.7 1,246.6 400.7 42.7 25.9 532.4 544.5 637.3 -8.0 -2.3 .7 .8 -3.3 -1.9 -.3 -.2 -1.3 -1.1 .9 563.7 568.2 566.4 565.8 564.6 566.5 567.5 568.1 567.4 566.5 -.9 Information ................................................................ 2,954 Publishing industries, except Internet ............... 862.2 Motion picture and sound recording industries . 380.3 Broadcasting, except Internet ............................ 310.8 Telecommunications .......................................... 1,007.5 Data processing, hosting and related services . 256.7 Other information services ................................. 136.5 2,820 782.1 382.4 289.2 974.9 254.8 136.9 2,818 781.1 383.7 292.8 970.0 253.9 136.1 2,820 778.2 391.9 290.6 968.3 254.6 136.3 2,940 857.8 377.2 308.1 1,004.0 256.4 136.5 2,829 788.5 384.3 288.7 976.7 256.9 134.3 2,828 787.3 385.0 289.6 975.0 255.8 135.1 2,826 781.0 389.3 288.3 976.0 254.7 136.6 2,812 777.3 385.6 290.3 969.4 253.5 136.0 2,806 773.6 388.3 287.6 965.9 254.2 135.9 -6 -3.7 2.7 -2.7 -3.5 .7 -.1 7,699 5,710.1 20.3 2,583.4 1,763.5 1,318.2 778.6 2,241.0 86.8 1,988.5 1,405.6 555.5 27.4 7,683 5,711.5 20.3 2,584.7 1,766.3 1,320.7 777.5 2,243.1 85.9 1,971.7 1,400.6 543.9 27.2 7,705 5,732.1 20.3 2,596.0 1,772.1 1,325.5 781.8 2,247.6 86.4 1,972.7 1,401.4 543.7 27.6 8,010 5,924.0 21.3 2,680.8 1,804.9 1,351.8 839.9 2,292.0 90.0 2,085.8 1,458.2 599.3 28.3 7,714 5,729.8 20.3 2,594.4 1,767.4 1,320.8 780.5 2,247.6 87.0 1,984.3 1,394.9 562.1 27.3 7,703 5,720.9 20.3 2,589.1 1,766.1 1,319.7 777.8 2,247.2 86.5 1,982.3 1,399.0 555.9 27.4 7,697 5,718.7 20.6 2,589.1 1,765.7 1,320.0 778.6 2,244.0 86.4 1,978.3 1,396.9 553.9 27.5 7,691 5,714.6 20.4 2,589.8 1,768.6 1,322.8 775.7 2,242.6 86.1 1,976.5 1,400.6 548.5 27.4 7,695 5,724.5 20.4 2,593.6 1,769.2 1,323.6 779.5 2,245.3 85.7 1,970.4 1,395.2 547.8 27.4 4 9.9 .0 3.8 .6 .8 3.8 2.7 -.4 -6.1 -5.4 -.7 .0 Utilities ................................................................... Financial activities .................................................... Finance and insurance .......................................... Monetary authorities - central bank ................... Credit intermediation and related activities 1....... Depository credit intermediation 1..................... Commercial banking .................................... Securities, commodity contracts, investments .. Insurance carriers and related activities ........... Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles ........ Real estate and rental and leasing ....................... Real estate .......................................................... Rental and leasing services ............................... Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets ......... See footnotes at the end of table. 8,009 5,926.5 21.1 2,679.2 1,805.4 1,351.1 840.8 2,294.5 90.9 2,082.9 1,460.4 594.0 28.5 ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Industry Dec. 2008 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Dec. 2009p Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Dec. 2009p Change from: Nov. 2009Dec. 2009 p Professional and business services ........................ Professional and technical services 1..................... Legal services .................................................. Accounting and bookkeeping services ........... Architectural and engineering services .......... Computer systems design and related services .......................................................... Management and technical consulting services .......................................................... Management of companies and enterprises ....... Administrative and waste services ....................... Administrative and support services 1................. Employment services 1...................................... Temporary help services ............................. Business support services .............................. Services to buildings and dwellings ............... Waste management and remediation services 17,406 7,840.8 1,160.5 951.3 1,417.0 16,861 7,568.2 1,118.9 876.0 1,327.8 16,892 7,593.4 1,116.8 882.2 1,326.5 16,896 7,651.1 1,117.8 940.5 1,323.7 17,356 7,797.2 1,156.8 933.7 1,419.4 16,618 7,587.8 1,127.2 938.0 1,320.9 16,642 7,588.5 1,124.8 932.0 1,322.2 16,675 7,588.4 1,118.7 935.6 1,318.8 16,764 7,596.5 1,116.2 929.1 1,320.2 16,814 7,605.3 1,114.1 926.5 1,324.2 50 8.8 -2.1 -2.6 4.0 1,475.1 1,481.2 1,482.8 1,486.4 1,466.8 1,461.3 1,465.6 1,471.8 1,473.7 1,477.1 3.4 1,030.0 1,875.7 7,689.5 7,328.7 2,887.8 2,105.7 833.8 1,745.4 360.8 1,031.2 1,804.3 7,488.5 7,121.2 2,665.3 1,920.5 791.8 1,810.8 367.3 1,041.5 1,807.3 7,491.7 7,125.9 2,698.4 1,952.9 802.7 1,776.9 365.8 1,044.3 1,812.2 7,432.8 7,068.3 2,726.1 1,975.4 805.0 1,695.7 364.5 1,020.5 1,872.1 7,686.3 7,324.4 2,829.5 2,055.6 816.0 1,818.1 361.9 1,015.3 1,816.4 7,214.1 6,851.6 2,465.6 1,748.4 784.5 1,765.3 362.5 1,016.6 1,810.8 7,242.9 6,877.8 2,486.9 1,765.6 787.0 1,764.8 365.1 1,024.4 1,807.5 7,279.3 6,914.9 2,529.5 1,809.9 785.6 1,763.0 364.4 1,030.4 1,806.3 7,361.4 6,996.9 2,594.6 1,865.1 789.4 1,766.5 364.5 1,033.9 1,804.0 7,404.3 7,039.3 2,650.3 1,911.6 784.9 1,763.3 365.0 3.5 -2.3 42.9 42.4 55.7 46.5 -4.5 -3.2 .5 Education and health services ................................ 19,242 19,564 19,642 19,626 19,080 19,312 19,348 19,384 19,421 19,456 Educational services ............................................. 3,186.1 3,235.1 3,270.7 3,231.2 3,063.1 3,077.7 3,074.3 3,084.6 3,095.1 3,105.9 Health care and social assistance ........................ 16,055.9 16,329.2 16,371.1 16,395.1 16,017.0 16,233.8 16,273.2 16,299.6 16,325.5 16,350.2 Health care 3......................................................... 13,502.4 13,722.1 13,749.1 13,772.0 13,475.9 13,653.3 13,679.1 13,702.3 13,721.4 13,742.9 Ambulatory health care services 1.................... 5,758.0 5,896.7 5,913.6 5,939.0 5,742.6 5,855.8 5,873.4 5,885.2 5,899.0 5,921.8 Offices of physicians .................................... 2,304.9 2,346.5 2,346.5 2,360.1 2,294.5 2,335.3 2,339.0 2,339.1 2,340.3 2,349.2 Outpatient care centers ................................ 537.1 548.3 548.7 550.4 536.7 543.8 543.6 548.0 547.1 549.6 Home health care services .......................... 981.3 1,040.0 1,050.4 1,057.1 980.7 1,022.6 1,030.7 1,038.8 1,046.9 1,054.9 Hospitals .......................................................... 4,708.2 4,741.0 4,747.2 4,747.8 4,703.7 4,723.9 4,729.6 4,735.8 4,739.9 4,741.3 Nursing and residential care facilities 1............ 3,036.2 3,084.4 3,088.3 3,085.2 3,029.6 3,073.6 3,076.1 3,081.3 3,082.5 3,079.8 Nursing care facilities ................................... 1,621.2 1,640.1 1,640.1 1,639.3 1,617.3 1,634.9 1,636.5 1,637.8 1,636.1 1,636.2 Social assistance 1................................................ 2,553.5 2,607.1 2,622.0 2,623.1 2,541.1 2,580.5 2,594.1 2,597.3 2,604.1 2,607.3 Child day care services ................................... 875.5 867.4 871.9 869.5 864.3 856.3 859.4 856.4 857.0 856.2 35 10.8 24.7 21.5 22.8 8.9 2.5 8.0 1.4 -2.7 .1 3.2 -.8 Leisure and hospitality ............................................. 13,013 13,094 12,882 12,798 13,304 13,163 13,176 13,134 13,121 13,096 Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...................... 1,799.5 1,859.6 1,761.3 1,747.4 1,947.1 1,893.2 1,922.8 1,900.8 1,900.0 1,890.8 Performing arts and spectator sports ................ 387.8 398.8 382.9 378.1 401.4 395.2 399.1 399.1 394.7 392.0 Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks ...... 123.8 132.0 126.1 124.3 130.8 131.0 131.4 131.2 130.7 131.2 Amusements, gambling, and recreation ........... 1,287.9 1,328.8 1,252.3 1,245.0 1,414.9 1,367.0 1,392.3 1,370.5 1,374.6 1,367.6 Accommodation and food services ...................... 11,213.3 11,234.3 11,120.4 11,051.0 11,356.5 11,269.5 11,253.6 11,232.9 11,221.4 11,204.8 Accommodation .................................................. 1,739.8 1,698.6 1,652.8 1,647.5 1,794.3 1,714.4 1,709.8 1,703.2 1,698.3 1,696.9 Food services and drinking places .................... 9,473.5 9,535.7 9,467.6 9,403.5 9,562.2 9,555.1 9,543.8 9,529.7 9,523.1 9,507.9 -25 -9.2 -2.7 .5 -7.0 -16.6 -1.4 -15.2 Other services .......................................................... 5,455 Repair and maintenance .................................... 1,178.7 Personal and laundry services .......................... 1,319.7 Membership associations and organizations .... 2,957.0 5,377 1,151.9 1,285.1 2,939.8 5,359 1,149.8 1,280.4 2,929.0 5,352 1,145.6 1,278.6 2,927.6 5,477 1,189.9 1,320.9 2,965.7 5,405 1,154.3 1,293.4 2,956.8 5,395 1,150.6 1,289.6 2,955.1 5,381 1,150.7 1,284.5 2,945.6 5,378 1,153.9 1,283.5 2,940.3 5,374 1,154.4 1,280.4 2,939.3 -4 .5 -3.1 -1.0 Government .............................................................. Federal ................................................................... Federal, except U.S. Postal Service ................. U.S. Postal Service ............................................ State government .................................................. State government education .............................. State government, excluding education ............ Local government .................................................. Local government education ............................. Local government, excluding education ........... 22,864 2,855 2,158.9 695.7 5,335 2,554.9 2,779.9 14,674 8,273.9 6,400.5 22,966 2,833 2,152.2 681.1 5,352 2,580.1 2,771.8 14,781 8,393.8 6,387.6 22,816 2,825 2,157.1 667.7 5,279 2,511.7 2,767.6 14,712 8,365.1 6,347.3 22,532 2,778 2,057.3 720.9 5,196 2,381.3 2,814.8 14,558 8,060.5 6,497.7 22,487 2,825 2,129.3 695.8 5,172 2,377.3 2,794.3 14,490 8,007.8 6,481.7 22,448 2,827 2,137.0 689.5 5,173 2,375.8 2,796.7 14,448 7,988.6 6,459.1 22,484 2,844 2,161.0 683.3 5,179 2,389.3 2,789.9 14,461 8,020.0 6,441.4 22,488 2,839 2,163.7 675.7 5,180 2,395.5 2,784.6 14,469 8,034.7 6,434.1 22,467 2,830 2,167.0 663.1 5,177 2,393.6 2,783.0 14,460 8,033.5 6,426.0 -21 -9 3.3 -12.6 -3 -1.9 -1.6 -9 -1.2 -8.1 1 22,894 2,782 2,044.9 737.1 5,297 2,497.0 2,800.1 14,815 8,395.1 6,419.5 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. 2 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Not seasonally adjusted Industry Seasonally adjusted Change from: Nov. 2009Dec. 2009 p Dec. 2008 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Dec. 2009p Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Dec. 2009p Total private ....................................... 33.2 33.1 33.5 33.1 33.3 33.1 33.1 33.0 33.2 33.2 0.0 Goods-producing .......................................... 39.4 39.4 39.9 39.7 39.4 39.4 39.3 39.1 39.6 39.6 .0 Mining and logging ................................................. 44.2 43.1 44.2 43.7 44.3 43.3 43.2 42.8 43.2 43.5 .3 Construction ............................................................ 37.3 37.3 37.9 37.1 38.0 37.9 37.5 36.9 37.7 37.7 .0 Manufacturing ......................................................... Overtime hours ............................................ 40.3 3.2 40.4 3.4 40.7 3.6 40.9 3.7 39.9 2.9 39.9 3.0 40.0 3.0 40.1 3.2 40.4 3.4 40.4 3.4 .0 .0 Durable goods ..................................................... Overtime hours ............................................ 40.5 3.1 40.4 3.2 40.8 3.4 41.2 3.7 40.0 2.8 39.9 2.8 40.1 2.8 40.2 3.0 40.5 3.2 40.5 3.3 .0 .1 Wood products .................................................. Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... Primary metals .................................................. Fabricated metal products .............................. Machinery .......................................................... Computer and electronic products ................ Electrical equipment and appliances ............ Transportation equipment ............................... Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. Furniture and related products ....................... Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 36.7 40.5 40.8 40.7 41.6 41.2 40.7 41.6 40.7 37.8 38.5 38.0 41.5 41.3 40.0 40.4 40.7 39.9 42.4 42.5 38.1 38.6 38.2 42.8 43.0 39.9 40.9 41.3 40.7 42.2 41.9 38.3 39.2 38.5 39.5 43.7 40.5 41.4 41.7 40.8 43.3 43.5 39.2 39.2 36.8 40.9 40.5 40.3 41.1 40.4 39.7 40.9 39.9 37.3 38.3 37.7 41.3 40.7 39.5 39.9 40.5 39.1 41.6 40.8 37.5 38.6 37.8 41.1 40.9 39.4 39.9 40.5 39.4 42.0 41.3 38.0 38.6 37.8 40.8 41.4 39.6 40.2 40.6 39.5 42.0 41.9 38.3 38.6 38.1 41.9 42.8 39.6 40.5 40.8 40.0 42.2 41.9 38.5 39.0 38.4 40.1 43.1 39.9 40.7 40.8 39.7 42.4 42.3 38.6 38.9 .3 -1.8 .3 .3 .2 .0 -.3 .2 .4 .1 -.1 Nondurable goods ............................................... Overtime hours ............................................ 40.0 3.3 40.3 3.7 40.6 3.8 40.6 3.8 39.7 3.1 39.9 3.3 39.9 3.3 40.0 3.5 40.1 3.6 40.2 3.6 .1 .0 Food manufacturing ......................................... Beverages and tobacco products .................. Textile mills ........................................................ Textile product mills ......................................... Apparel ............................................................... Leather and allied products ............................ Paper and paper products .............................. Printing and related support activities ........... Petroleum and coal products .......................... Chemicals .......................................................... Plastics and rubber products .......................... 40.2 36.4 37.3 37.7 36.1 35.4 42.6 38.5 44.6 41.3 40.5 40.5 36.0 39.3 38.0 36.2 35.8 42.4 38.7 42.9 41.7 40.9 40.7 36.8 40.3 37.8 36.8 35.9 42.7 38.8 43.0 42.0 41.3 40.7 36.3 39.7 38.5 36.2 35.8 42.6 38.8 42.8 42.2 41.6 39.8 36.7 37.0 37.1 36.0 34.7 41.9 38.0 45.3 41.1 40.0 40.1 35.4 37.9 38.1 35.6 33.7 42.0 38.7 44.1 41.4 40.3 39.9 35.9 37.9 38.3 36.0 33.2 42.4 38.4 43.0 41.4 40.6 40.0 36.2 38.9 38.1 36.1 34.8 42.1 38.2 42.1 41.7 40.7 40.2 36.1 39.7 37.8 36.3 35.8 42.2 38.3 42.7 41.7 40.9 40.2 36.3 39.3 38.1 36.1 35.1 41.9 38.3 43.2 41.9 41.0 .0 .2 -.4 .3 -.2 -.7 -.3 .0 .5 .2 .1 Private service-providing ............................. 32.0 31.9 32.4 32.0 32.2 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 .0 Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 32.9 32.9 33.0 33.0 32.9 32.8 32.8 32.9 32.9 32.9 .0 Wholesale trade ................................................... 37.7 37.4 38.2 37.5 37.8 37.5 37.4 37.5 37.6 37.6 .0 Retail trade ........................................................... 29.9 29.9 29.8 30.0 29.7 29.8 29.8 29.9 29.9 29.9 .0 Transportation and warehousing ...................... 36.5 36.3 36.7 37.0 36.2 36.1 36.4 36.3 36.4 36.6 .2 Utilities ................................................................... 42.9 41.8 42.2 41.8 42.9 41.9 41.5 41.7 41.9 41.7 -.2 Information ............................................................... 36.9 36.3 37.3 36.5 37.0 36.4 36.4 36.3 36.7 36.5 -.2 Financial activities .................................................. 35.7 35.7 36.8 35.7 35.9 36.1 35.9 36.0 36.1 35.9 -.2 Professional and business services .................... 34.6 34.7 35.4 34.7 34.8 34.7 34.7 34.7 34.9 34.8 -.1 Education and health services ............................. 32.3 32.1 32.5 32.2 32.4 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 .1 Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 24.5 24.5 24.8 24.4 25.0 24.6 24.8 24.6 24.8 24.8 .0 Other services ......................................................... 30.5 30.5 30.7 30.4 30.6 30.5 30.5 30.5 30.5 30.5 .0 1 Data relate to production workers in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Average hourly earnings Industry Average weekly earnings Dec. 2008 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Dec. 2009p Dec. 2008 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Total private ....................................... Seasonally adjusted ..................... $18.40 18.40 $18.73 18.74 $18.85 18.77 $18.82 18.80 $610.88 612.72 $619.96 618.42 $631.48 623.16 $622.94 624.16 Goods-producing .......................................... 19.75 20.07 20.09 20.08 778.15 790.76 801.59 797.18 Mining and logging ................................................. 23.53 23.21 23.12 23.52 1,040.03 1,000.35 1,021.90 1,027.82 Construction ............................................................ 22.52 23.01 22.87 22.87 840.00 858.27 866.77 848.48 Manufacturing ......................................................... 18.06 18.30 18.43 18.49 727.82 739.32 750.10 756.24 Durable goods ..................................................... Wood products .................................................. Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... Primary metals .................................................. Fabricated metal products .............................. Machinery .......................................................... Computer and electronic products ................ Electrical equipment and appliances ............ Transportation equipment ............................... Furniture and related products ....................... Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 19.06 14.66 16.73 20.05 17.36 18.15 21.44 15.88 24.58 14.92 15.60 19.47 15.10 17.35 20.36 17.60 18.56 22.04 16.48 24.87 15.00 16.21 19.61 15.26 17.40 20.61 17.74 18.75 22.24 16.60 24.91 14.97 16.63 19.70 15.17 17.27 20.52 17.89 18.87 22.18 16.55 25.01 15.19 16.63 771.93 538.02 677.57 818.04 706.55 755.04 883.33 646.32 1,022.53 563.98 600.60 786.59 573.80 720.03 840.87 704.00 749.82 897.03 657.55 1,054.49 571.50 625.71 800.09 582.93 744.72 886.23 707.83 766.88 918.51 675.62 1,051.20 573.35 651.90 811.64 584.05 682.17 896.72 724.55 781.22 924.91 675.24 1,082.93 595.45 651.90 Nondurable goods ............................................... Food manufacturing ......................................... Beverages and tobacco products .................. Textile mills ........................................................ Textile product mills ......................................... Apparel ............................................................... Leather and allied products ............................ Paper and paper products .............................. Printing and related support activities ........... Petroleum and coal products .......................... Chemicals .......................................................... Plastics and rubber products .......................... 16.43 14.26 19.95 13.80 11.72 11.38 13.47 19.11 17.01 28.17 19.72 16.24 16.60 14.51 20.60 13.60 11.41 11.15 13.83 19.18 16.79 30.57 20.57 15.79 16.69 14.48 20.84 13.18 11.63 11.30 13.72 19.48 16.86 30.77 20.77 15.96 16.70 14.50 20.60 13.22 11.78 11.51 13.41 19.55 16.89 30.73 20.69 16.07 657.20 573.25 726.18 514.74 441.84 410.82 476.84 814.09 654.89 1,256.38 814.44 657.72 668.98 587.66 741.60 534.48 433.58 403.63 495.11 813.23 649.77 1,311.45 857.77 645.81 677.61 589.34 766.91 531.15 439.61 415.84 492.55 831.80 654.17 1,323.11 872.34 659.15 678.02 590.15 747.78 524.83 453.53 416.66 480.08 832.83 655.33 1,315.24 873.12 668.51 Private service-providing ............................. 18.09 18.44 18.58 18.55 578.88 588.24 601.99 593.60 Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 16.14 16.56 16.62 16.54 531.01 544.82 548.46 545.82 Wholesale trade ................................................... 20.36 21.08 21.40 21.50 767.57 788.39 817.48 806.25 Retail trade ........................................................... 12.74 13.07 13.04 12.98 380.93 390.79 388.59 389.40 Transportation and warehousing ...................... 18.62 18.74 18.78 18.73 679.63 680.26 689.23 693.01 Utilities ................................................................... 29.28 29.83 30.06 30.32 1,256.11 1,246.89 1,268.53 1,267.38 Information ............................................................... 24.86 25.74 25.88 25.75 917.33 934.36 965.32 939.88 Financial activities .................................................. 20.50 20.96 21.18 21.12 731.85 748.27 779.42 753.98 Professional and business services .................... 22.01 22.37 22.67 22.61 761.55 776.24 802.52 784.57 Education and health services ............................. 19.23 19.59 19.58 19.64 621.13 628.84 636.35 632.41 Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 11.05 11.22 11.31 11.37 270.73 274.89 280.49 277.43 Other services ......................................................... 16.27 16.44 16.48 16.57 496.24 501.42 505.94 503.73 1 See p= footnote 1, table B-2. preliminary. Dec. 2009p ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted Percent change from: Nov. 2009-p Dec. 2009 Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Dec. 2009p Total private: Current dollars ................................................ Constant (1982) dollars 2................................. $18.40 8.65 $18.66 8.58 $18.68 8.57 $18.74 8.57 $18.77 8.54 $18.80 N.A. 0.2 Goods-producing .......................................................... 19.69 19.92 19.92 20.00 20.04 20.03 .0 Mining and logging ................................................................. 23.23 23.21 23.14 23.33 23.18 23.27 .4 Construction ............................................................................ 22.41 22.63 22.50 22.84 22.80 22.77 -.1 Manufacturing ......................................................................... Excluding overtime 4..................................................... 17.96 17.33 18.27 17.61 18.36 17.70 18.35 17.65 18.41 17.67 18.40 17.66 -.1 -.1 Durable goods ..................................................................... 18.94 19.41 19.49 19.52 19.59 19.59 .0 Nondurable goods ............................................................... 16.39 16.60 16.70 16.63 16.68 16.66 -.1 Private service-providing ............................................. 18.10 18.39 18.41 18.47 18.50 18.54 .2 Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................................... 16.31 16.54 16.53 16.58 16.63 16.69 .4 Wholesale trade ................................................................... 20.31 20.99 21.05 21.14 21.29 21.45 .8 Retail trade ........................................................................... 12.94 13.10 13.09 13.08 13.11 13.15 .3 Transportation and warehousing ...................................... 18.66 18.67 18.61 18.76 18.73 18.75 .1 Utilities ................................................................................... 29.16 29.79 29.71 29.79 30.02 30.12 .3 Information ............................................................................... 24.91 25.61 25.52 25.66 25.81 25.85 .2 Financial activities .................................................................. 20.53 20.85 20.90 20.98 21.05 21.14 .4 Professional and business services .................................... 21.97 22.48 22.57 22.54 22.49 22.55 .3 Education and health services ............................................. 19.20 19.49 19.52 19.59 19.59 19.61 .1 Leisure and hospitality ........................................................... 10.94 11.12 11.21 11.20 11.26 11.25 -.1 Other services ......................................................................... 16.29 16.37 16.41 16.46 16.48 16.53 .3 Industry 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. 3 Change was -0.4 percent from Oct. 2009 to Nov. 2009, the latest month available. 2 The (3) 4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half. N.A. = not available. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Industry Seasonally adjusted Percent Dec. change from: 2009p Nov. 2009Dec. 2009 p Dec. 2008 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Dec. 2009p Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Total private ....................................... 103.4 99.5 100.8 99.3 103.2 99.0 98.9 98.5 99.1 99.1 0.0 89.9 81.5 81.7 79.5 90.4 80.5 79.9 79.1 79.9 79.5 -.5 Mining and logging ................................................. 138.1 118.0 121.2 118.2 139.1 117.8 117.5 115.3 116.9 117.7 .7 Goods-producing .......................................... Construction ............................................................ 95.9 88.5 87.9 81.4 99.8 87.2 85.5 83.4 85.0 84.4 -.7 Manufacturing ......................................................... 85.1 76.8 77.1 77.0 84.0 75.7 75.7 75.6 76.0 75.7 -.4 Durable goods ..................................................... Wood products .................................................. Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... Primary metals .................................................. Fabricated metal products .............................. Machinery .......................................................... Computer and electronic products ................ Electrical equipment and appliances ............ Transportation equipment ............................... Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. Furniture and related products ....................... Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 86.2 66.5 81.8 79.1 95.2 96.6 99.5 86.2 81.4 63.9 67.0 87.0 74.6 60.2 76.4 66.2 80.7 76.9 88.6 74.0 71.7 55.5 55.4 82.2 75.2 59.9 78.4 69.0 80.2 77.6 89.7 74.8 71.5 55.1 56.3 83.5 75.7 60.6 69.9 70.5 81.2 78.9 90.3 74.4 73.6 57.1 57.1 82.2 84.6 66.7 84.0 78.1 93.8 94.8 96.8 83.8 79.0 61.3 66.1 85.9 73.8 58.6 76.0 65.1 79.7 77.2 88.9 73.6 69.8 52.2 55.9 81.7 73.9 58.7 75.3 65.2 79.1 76.5 88.5 73.9 70.6 52.9 56.1 81.5 73.7 59.0 73.2 65.9 79.2 76.4 88.4 72.9 70.7 54.2 55.9 81.2 74.0 59.5 75.4 68.2 78.8 76.4 88.3 73.0 70.7 53.8 56.5 82.0 73.7 60.4 72.2 68.9 79.3 76.6 87.8 71.8 70.8 53.8 56.1 80.8 -.4 1.5 -4.2 1.0 .6 .3 -.6 -1.6 .1 .0 -.7 -1.5 Nondurable goods ............................................... Food manufacturing ......................................... Beverages and tobacco products .................. Textile mills ........................................................ Textile product mills ......................................... Apparel ............................................................... Leather and allied products ............................ Paper and paper products .............................. Printing and related support activities ........... Petroleum and coal products .......................... Chemicals .......................................................... Plastics and rubber products .......................... 83.4 99.9 86.9 40.7 66.1 51.0 64.1 81.4 82.1 94.4 92.1 81.0 80.0 102.3 93.4 38.7 59.1 43.8 57.4 74.7 74.3 92.2 88.1 73.0 80.2 101.6 91.0 40.0 58.8 44.2 58.0 74.6 74.0 89.7 90.0 73.9 79.4 100.1 88.1 39.1 59.7 43.7 58.3 73.8 73.4 81.4 90.7 74.1 82.8 98.6 89.3 40.7 65.0 51.3 62.5 79.8 80.6 98.4 91.8 80.2 78.5 99.2 85.9 37.2 58.9 43.8 56.3 74.2 74.4 91.3 88.2 71.6 78.4 98.8 87.9 37.3 59.4 43.4 54.8 74.8 73.6 88.3 88.0 72.2 78.5 98.9 89.4 38.1 58.7 43.4 55.6 73.9 72.7 87.1 88.7 72.1 78.7 99.1 88.9 39.2 58.2 43.7 58.2 73.4 72.3 87.7 89.6 73.0 78.6 98.7 89.2 38.9 58.6 43.8 57.2 72.3 72.0 85.3 89.9 72.9 -.1 -.4 .3 -.8 .7 .2 -1.7 -1.5 -.4 -2.7 .3 -.1 Private service-providing ............................. 107.1 104.3 106.2 104.9 107.0 104.2 104.2 104.1 104.5 104.6 .1 Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 103.4 97.6 99.3 99.9 100.6 97.4 97.1 97.1 97.1 96.9 -.2 Wholesale trade ................................................... 105.6 100.7 102.6 99.9 105.5 100.7 100.2 100.3 100.2 99.7 -.5 Retail trade ........................................................... 101.8 95.2 97.4 99.2 97.1 95.3 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 .0 Transportation and warehousing ...................... 106.7 100.3 101.2 102.3 104.2 99.2 99.7 99.1 99.3 99.8 .5 Utilities ................................................................... 99.8 97.0 97.3 95.7 100.2 97.2 96.2 96.7 96.7 95.9 -.8 Information ............................................................... 99.9 93.0 95.5 93.7 99.6 93.8 93.6 93.3 93.8 93.1 -.7 Financial activities .................................................. 105.6 101.8 104.6 101.8 106.2 103.0 102.3 102.6 102.7 102.3 -.4 Professional and business services .................... 110.5 107.1 109.5 107.3 110.8 105.3 105.3 105.6 107.0 107.1 .1 Education and health services ............................. 117.4 118.8 120.8 119.6 116.9 117.7 117.9 118.2 118.4 119.0 .5 Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 103.2 103.9 103.4 100.9 107.8 104.9 106.0 104.6 105.4 105.1 -.3 96.2 96.4 95.5 98.3 96.7 96.6 96.2 96.3 96.4 .1 Other services ......................................................... 1 See 97.3 footnote 1, table B-2. motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. p = preliminary. NOTE: The index of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing 2 Includes the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production and nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Dec. 2008 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Dec. 2009p Dec. 2008 Aug. 2009 Sept. 2009 Oct. 2009 Nov. 2009p Percent Dec. change from: 2009p Nov. 2009Dec. 2009 p Total private ....................................... 127.1 124.6 127.0 124.9 126.9 123.4 123.5 123.3 124.3 124.5 0.2 Goods-producing .......................................... 108.7 100.2 100.6 97.7 109.0 98.2 97.5 96.8 98.1 97.6 -.5 Mining and logging ................................................. 189.0 159.2 163.0 161.7 188.0 159.0 158.2 156.5 157.5 159.2 1.1 Construction ............................................................ 116.7 110.0 108.5 100.5 120.8 106.5 103.8 102.9 104.7 103.8 -.9 Manufacturing ......................................................... 100.5 91.9 93.0 93.2 98.7 90.4 90.9 90.7 91.5 91.1 -.4 Durable goods ..................................................... 102.5 90.6 92.1 93.1 100.1 89.4 89.9 89.9 90.5 90.2 -.3 Nondurable goods ............................................... 96.8 93.9 94.6 93.7 95.9 92.1 92.6 92.2 92.7 92.5 -.2 Private service-providing ............................. 132.8 131.9 135.3 133.5 132.8 131.4 131.5 131.8 132.6 132.9 .2 Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 119.1 115.3 117.7 117.9 117.0 114.9 114.5 114.9 115.1 115.3 .2 Wholesale trade ................................................... 126.6 125.0 129.3 126.5 126.2 124.5 124.3 124.9 125.7 126.0 .2 Retail trade ........................................................... 111.2 106.6 108.9 110.4 107.7 107.0 106.6 106.5 106.8 107.0 .2 Transportation and warehousing ...................... 126.1 119.3 120.5 121.6 123.3 117.5 117.7 117.9 118.0 118.7 .6 Utilities ................................................................... 121.9 120.8 122.1 121.2 121.9 120.8 119.3 120.3 121.1 120.6 -.4 Information ............................................................... 123.0 118.4 122.3 119.4 122.8 119.0 118.3 118.5 119.8 119.2 -.5 Financial activities .................................................. 133.8 131.9 136.9 133.0 134.9 132.8 132.2 133.1 133.7 133.7 .0 Professional and business services .................... 144.7 142.6 147.7 144.3 144.9 140.8 141.4 141.6 143.2 143.7 .3 Education and health services ............................. 148.5 153.1 155.5 154.5 147.5 150.8 151.3 152.2 152.5 153.4 .6 Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 129.5 132.3 132.8 130.3 133.9 132.5 135.0 133.1 134.8 134.3 -.4 Other services ......................................................... 115.4 115.2 115.8 115.2 116.6 115.3 115.5 115.4 115.6 116.1 .4 Industry 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. preliminary. NOTE: The index of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate payrolls p= by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate payroll estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and production and nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change (Percent) Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Private nonfarm payrolls, 271 industries 1 Over 1-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... 52.6 64.9 53.5 42.1 22.1 60.1 62.2 55.5 40.6 20.8 54.1 63.8 52.4 44.1 19.6 58.1 59.8 49.4 41.1 21.8 56.8 49.1 55.9 42.6 29.3 58.3 51.8 48.3 36.9 25.8 58.5 59.2 50.7 37.6 30.3 59.2 55.4 46.5 39.1 36.7 54.2 55.7 55.9 34.7 39.3 55.9 56.3 57.2 33.0 33.8 62.7 59.4 59.4 27.1 p 42.4 57.6 60.7 57.9 20.5 p 40.0 51.7 67.7 62.5 57.7 18.6 57.2 68.6 54.8 44.8 14.2 59.0 65.1 54.2 40.2 15.1 59.8 65.1 54.8 39.7 15.3 57.9 60.5 54.1 37.3 20.3 62.0 58.9 50.4 33.6 22.0 60.5 55.5 52.8 33.6 22.0 62.9 57.0 48.7 32.8 24.5 60.3 55.0 53.3 34.9 31.9 55.5 54.4 53.9 33.2 31.0 56.3 59.0 58.3 26.9 p 38.2 62.7 64.2 62.5 20.8 p 35.8 55.4 64.6 60.3 56.6 21.6 57.9 63.8 57.2 53.0 17.2 58.1 67.5 60.5 50.7 15.1 57.0 66.2 58.3 47.4 15.3 58.3 65.5 55.5 40.2 15.9 60.9 66.6 56.5 33.4 16.6 63.1 60.3 52.8 31.0 15.9 63.3 61.1 52.4 33.4 20.7 61.6 57.9 56.6 30.6 24.0 59.6 57.9 54.4 29.0 22.1 61.4 62.4 56.8 26.0 p 25.3 62.5 59.0 59.0 24.4 p 29.9 60.9 67.2 63.3 54.4 24.0 60.9 65.5 59.4 56.1 22.0 60.0 65.9 61.1 52.6 19.9 59.2 62.9 59.6 49.1 18.1 58.3 65.5 59.2 50.2 17.5 60.3 66.8 58.3 47.8 17.2 61.3 64.8 56.8 43.7 16.2 63.3 64.4 57.2 42.3 15.3 60.7 66.6 59.4 38.0 16.4 59.2 65.9 58.9 37.8 15.3 59.8 64.9 58.1 32.3 p 15.5 61.8 66.2 59.6 28.2 p 15.7 Over 3-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... Over 6-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... Over 12-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... Manufacturing payrolls, 83 industries 1 Over 1-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... 36.7 57.8 44.6 30.7 6.0 46.4 49.4 41.0 28.9 9.6 42.2 53.6 30.7 37.3 10.8 46.4 47.0 24.7 32.5 16.3 40.4 37.3 38.0 40.4 11.4 33.7 50.6 32.5 25.3 12.0 41.0 49.4 43.4 25.9 24.1 43.4 42.2 30.7 27.7 25.9 45.8 40.4 39.2 22.9 27.1 47.6 42.8 42.8 18.7 20.5 44.6 41.0 60.8 15.1 p 36.7 47.0 44.0 48.2 10.2 p 39.8 36.7 56.6 40.4 48.8 6.0 43.4 57.2 33.1 33.7 3.6 41.0 48.2 33.1 28.3 3.6 41.6 48.2 28.9 29.5 7.8 35.5 44.6 29.5 26.5 8.4 36.1 50.0 30.1 22.9 12.0 34.9 43.4 31.9 19.9 8.4 36.7 45.2 28.9 16.9 13.9 42.2 36.7 30.7 22.3 19.9 44.0 33.1 30.7 21.1 19.3 38.6 35.5 39.2 15.1 p 26.5 48.8 39.2 51.2 11.4 p 32.5 33.7 45.2 37.3 34.3 9.0 39.8 45.2 33.1 30.1 4.8 38.0 50.6 29.5 37.3 4.8 36.1 48.8 28.9 35.5 6.0 35.5 50.6 30.7 25.3 4.8 34.9 50.0 34.9 20.5 4.8 39.8 45.2 28.9 17.5 7.2 36.1 47.0 26.5 18.1 7.8 36.1 43.4 29.5 16.9 7.8 38.0 42.2 28.3 13.3 7.8 36.7 39.8 33.7 11.4 p 13.3 39.8 34.3 38.0 9.6 p 18.1 45.2 44.0 39.8 27.7 8.4 44.0 41.0 36.7 28.9 4.8 42.2 41.0 37.3 25.9 4.8 41.0 39.8 30.7 25.3 4.8 36.7 39.8 28.9 30.7 6.0 35.5 45.2 29.5 27.1 6.0 32.5 42.2 30.7 24.7 6.6 34.3 42.8 28.9 19.3 4.8 33.1 47.0 33.1 21.7 4.8 33.7 48.8 28.9 21.7 4.8 33.7 45.8 34.3 16.9 p 3.0 38.0 44.6 35.5 15.1 p 7.2 Over 3-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... Over 6-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... Over 12-month span: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... 1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. p = preliminary. NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
@FedFRASER