Full text of The Employment Situation : December 1976

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News
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Contact:

J. Bregger (202)
K. Hoyle

(202)

home:

523-1944
523-1371
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United States
Department
of Labor
Washington, D.C. 20212
USDL 77-31
TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS
EMBARGOED UNTIL 10:00 A. M. (EDT), WEDNESDAY 9
JANUARY 12, 1977

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:

DECEMBER 1976

Employment rose in December and unemployment declined, it was reported today by the
Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U. S. Department of Labor.

The unemployment rate was

7.9 percent, down from 8.1 percent in November and similar to rates prevailing over the
July-October period.
Total employment—as measured by the monthly survey of households—rose by 220,000
to a new high of 88.4 million.

After holding about steady from July to October, total

employment advances in November and December have amounted to nearly 600,000.
Nonfarm payroll employment—as measured by the monthly survey of establishments—
rose by nearly 260,000 in December to 80.0 million.

Gains over the past 2 months have

totaled nearly 500,000.
Unemployment
The number of persons unemployed fell by 210,000 in December to 7.6 million,
seasonally adjusted, following an increase of nearly the same magnitude in the previous
month.

As a result, the unemployment rate returned to its October level of 7.9 percent,

after rising to 8.1 percent in November.

The average duration of unemployment was

little changed in December at 15.7 weeks.

(See tables A-l and A-4.)

The over-the-month reduction took place almost entirely among adult men; their
jobless rate fell 0.3 percentage point to 6.2 percent, as many left the labor force.
This movement was paralleled by declines in unemployment among male household heads and
married men.

White workers also showed an improvement in unemployment, with their rate

falling from 7.4 to 7.1 percent in December.

The jobless rates for the other major

demographic groups—adult women, teenagers, and blacks—have remained stable over the
October-December period.




(See table A-2.)

-

2 -

Contributing to the over-the-month decline in unemployment were decreases in both
the number of job losers and persons reentering the labor force.
stood at 3.7 million, the lowest level since last June.

The job-loset total

(See table A-5.)

Along with the reduction in total joblessness, there was also a drop in the number
of persons working part time involuntarily.

The 200,000 reduction, to 3.4 million,

represented the first substantial decrease since last June.

(See table A-3.)

Table A. Highlights of the employment situation (seasonally adjusted data)
Monthly data

Quarterly averages
Selected categories

1976

1975
IV

1

I

1976
111

IV

Oct.

Nov.

95,899

95,910

88,130
48,768

88,352
48,817

Dec.

(Thousands of persons)
Civilian labor force
Total employment
Adult men
Adult women
Teenagers
Unemployment

93,553

94,546

95,341

95,717

47,540

86,402
47,998

87,532
48,504

87,902
48,646

30,665
7,036

31,234
7,169

31,677

31,951
7,305

88,085
48,767
32,079

95,342
87,773
48,716
31,799

7,239

7,258

32,126
7,236

32,311
7,224

7,912

7,151

7,632

7,569

7,769

7,558

93,153
85,241

7,351
7,014

7,439

(Percent of labor force)
Unemployment rates:
All workers
Adult men
Adult women
Teenagers
White
Black and other
Household heads
Married men
Full-time workers

8.5
7.0
7.9

7.6
5.7
7.4

7.4

7.8

8.0

7.9

8.1

7.9

5.7
7.1

6.3
7.6

6.3
7.6

6.5
7.7

6.2
7.6

19.5
7.8

19.4

18.7

6.0
7.6
18.8

6.9

19.0
7.4

18.9
7.1

13.1
5.0
4.1
7.1

13.1

19.0
7.3
13.6

19.0
7.3

14.0
5.9

6.7
12.8

5.3
4.4
7.4

5.3
4.4
7.6

13.5
5.4
4.4
7.6

13.6
5.4
4.6
7.7

13.6

4.9
4.1
7.0

15.4

15.6

15.7

5.1
8.2

7.1

5.2
4.3
7.5

(Weeks)
Average duration of
unemployment

15.6

15.6

16.5

16.3

15.9

77,592

78,397

79,020

79,344

79,708p

79,467

22,950
55,447

23,168

23,142
56,202

23,182p
56,526p

23,081

79,700p
23,218p

79,957p

22,654

56,386

56,482p

56,709p

(Thousands of persons)
Nonfarm payroll employment
Goods-producing industries
Service-producing industries

54,938

55,852

23,248p

(Hours of work)
Average weekly hours:
Total private nonfarm
Manufacturing
Manufacturing overtime

36.3
40.0
2.9

36.3
40.3

36.2
40.0

36.1
39.9

36.2p
4 0 . Op

3.1

3.0

3.0

3.1p

36.1

36.2p

36.3p

39.9
2.9

40. l p
3.1p

40. l p
3.2p

(1967-100)
Hourly Earnings Index, private
nonfarm:
In current dollars
In constant dollars
p* preliminary.




177.3

180.2

183.1

186.3

189.lp

188.2

189.2p

190.Op

107.1

107.7

108.2

108.5

N.A.

108.7

109.Op

N.A.

-

3 -

Total Employment and the Labor Force
Total employment rose by 220,000 in December to 88.4 million, seasonally adjusted.
This followed an even larger increase in the previous month, and, as in November,
December's gain was concentrated among adult women.

Since the March 1975 recession

low, total employment has grown by 4.2 million, with nearly 3 million of the gain
occurring over the past year alone.

(See table A-l.)

The civilian labor force was virtually unchanged in December at 95.9 million, as
the gain in employment was matched by a decline in unemployment.

Since last December,

the labor force has expanded by 2.8 million workers, including 1.5 million adult women,
1.1 million adult men, and nearly 200,000 teenagers.
The civilian labor force participation r a t e — t h e proportion of the civilian population either working or looking for w o r k — r o s e from 61.1 to 61.9 percent over the year.
The continued growth in the number of women participating in the labor market has
accounted for most of this increase.

(See table A-l.)

Discouraged Workers
Discouraged workers are persons who report that they want work but are not looking
for jobs because they believe they cannot find any.

Because they do not meet the labor

market test—that is, they are not engaged in active job search—they are classified as
not in the labor force rather than as unemployed.

These data are published on a quarterly

basis.
Consistent with the rise in unemployment in the fourth quarter (table A), the
number of discouraged workers also increased, halting a downtrend evident since late
1975.

Discouragement averaged about 1 million persons during the quarter, the same

level held a year earlier.

(See table B.)

About 800,000 (four-fifths) of the discour-

aged workers indicated job-market factors as their reason for not seeking work.
Industry Payroll Employment
Total nonagricultural payroll employment increased by 255,000 in December to
80.0 million, seasonally adjusted.

Payroll employment has grown by 2.2 million since

December a year ago and 3. 5 million from the June 1975 low.




Over-the-month gains occurred

-

Table B.

4 -

Discouraged workers, seasonally adjusted quarterly averages

(In thousands)
1975

1976

Characteristics

Total
Job market factors^....
Personal factors

I

II

III

1,059

1,116

1,160

997

839
220

817
299

947
213

848
148

IV

I

II

III

937

905

817

1,0] 6

630
307

627
278

561
256

803
213

IV

•'•Job market factors include "could not find job" and "thinks no job available."
^Personal factors include "employers think too young or old," "lacks education or
training," and "other personal handicap."

in 63 percent of the industries that comprise the BLS diffusion index of nonagricultural
payroll employment.

(See tables B-l and B-6.)

In the service-producing sector, strong employment gains took place in trade (100,000)
and services (55,000), while there were increases of about 25,000 each in government;
finance, insurance, and real estate; and transportation and public utilities.

Much of

the job pickup in transportation stemmed from the settlement of the United Parcel Service
strike.

Over the past year, three-fourths of the increase in payroll employment has

occurred in the service-producing sector.
In manufacturing, employment rose slightly, all of it in the durable goods industries.
Most of the rise in durables occurred in three industries:
electrical equipment, and transportation equipment.
small and generally offsetting.

fabricated metal products,

In nondurable goods, changes were

Elsewhere in the goods-producing sector, there were no

substantive changes in either contract construction or mining.
Hours
The average workweek for private nonagricultural production or nonsupervisory workers
edged up to 36.3 hours in December, seasonally adjusted.
cutive monthly increase of 0.1 hour for this series.




This marked the third conse-

The workweek was about equal to

-5-

the level prevailing a year ago.

(See table B-2.)

The manufacturing workweek was

unchanged at 40,1 hours, while overtime edged up 0.1 hour to 3.2 hours in December.
These indicators were respectively 1.2 and 0.9 hour above recession lows posted in
early 1975.
Reflecting increases in both employment and average hours, the index of aggregate
hours of private nonagricultural production or nonsupervisory workers rose substantially
to 112.4 in December (1967=100).

The index increased by 2.8 percent over the past year

and 5.9 percent from its spring 1975 low.

(See table B-5.)

The factory index was 94.6,

only slightly above its November level; it was 9.2 percent above its March 1975 recession
low.
Hourly and Weekly Earnings
Average hourly earnings of private nonagricultural production or nonsupervisory
workers increased 0.4 percent over the month, seasonally adjusted.

Average weekly

earnings rose 0.7 percent in December, as a result of higher hourly earnings combined
with a slightly longer workweek.
Before adjustment for seasonality, average hourly earnings were $5.01, up 1 cent
from November.

Average weekly earnings increased $1.86 over the month to $182.36.

(See table B-3.)
The Hourly Earnings Index
The Hourly Earnings I n d e x — e a r n i n g s adjusted for overtime in manufacturing, seasonality, and the effects of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage and lowwage i n d u s t r i e s — w a s 190.0 (1967=100) in December, 0.4 percent higher than in November.
The index was 6.7 percent above December a year ago.

During the 12-month period ended

in November, the Hourly Earnings Index in dollars of constant purchasing power rose
1.6 percent.




(See table B-4.)

This release presents and analyzes statistics from two major surveys. Data on labor force,
total employment, and unemployment are derived from the sample survey of households
conducted and tabulated by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Statistics on payroll employment, hours, and earnings are collected by State agencies from
payroll records of employers and are tabulated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Unless
otherwise indicated, data for both series relate to the week of the specified month containing the 12th day. A description of the two surveys appears in the BLS publication

Employment and Earnings.

HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the noninstitutional population
(Numbers In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status

Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
1976

Dec.
1976

156,788
97,489
62.2
154,642
95,342
61.7
87,773
3,329
84,444
7,569
7.9
59,300

157,006
98,048
62.4
154,857
95,899
61.9
88,130
3,232
84,898
7,769
8.1
58,958

1-57,176
98,056
62.4
155,031
95,910
61.9
88,352
3,232
85,120
7,558
7.9
59,121

66,491
53,563
80.6
64,796
51,869
80.0
48,721
2,326
46,395
3,148
6.1
12,927

66,598
53,682
80.6
64,902
51,986
80.1
48,716
2,342
46,374
3,270
6.3
12,916

66,699
53,869
80.8
65,001
52,171
80.3
48,768
2,271
46,497
3,403
6.5
12,830

66,835
53,747
80.4
65,140
52,052
79.9
48,817
2,261
46,556
3,235
6.2
13,088

73,078
34,639
47.4
31,988
546
31,442
2,651
7.7
38,439

73,196
34,505
47.1
31,907
524
31,383
2,598
7.5
38,691

73,288
34,396
46.9
31,799
562
31,237
2,597
7.6
38,892

73,401
34,790
47.4
32,136
554
31,572
2,664
7.7
38,611

73,445
34,952
47.6
32,311
567
31,744
2,641
7.6
38,493

16,363
8,777
53.6
7,053
437
6,616
1,724
19.6
7,586

16,454
9,108
55.4
7,311
463
6,848
1,797
19.7
7,346

16,458
8,829
53.6
7,191
436
6,755
1,638
18.6
7,629

16,452
8,960
54.5
7,258
425
6,833
1,702
19.0
7,492

16,455
8,938
54.3
7,236
407
6,829
1,702
19.0
7,517

16,446
8,906
54.2
7,224
404
6,820
1,682
18.9
7,540

136,475
84,521
61.9
78,889
5,632
6.7
51,955

134,480
82,474
57.1
76,223
6,251
7.6
52,006

135,822
84,503
62.2
78,468
6,035
7.1
51,319

136,005
84,371
62.0
78,365
6,006
7.1
51,634

136,165
84,595
62.1
78,402
6,193
7.3
51,570

136,336
84,837
62i2
78,572
6,265
7.4
51,499

136,475
84,767
62.1
78,743
6,024
7.1
51,708

18,555
10,996
59.3
9,605
1,390
12.6
7,559

18,063
10,653
59.0
9,188
1,465
13.8
7,410

18,398
11,003
59.8
9,505
1,498
13.6
7,395

18,445
10,930
59.3
9,538
1,392
12.7
7,515

18,476
10,923
59.1
9,448
1,475
13.5
7,553

18,521
11,127
60.1
9,619
1,508
13.6
7,394

18,555
11,111
59.9
9,601
1,510
13.6
7,444

Nov.
1976

Dec.
1976

154,700
94,888
61.3
152,543
92,731
60.8
85,536
2,856
82,680
7,195
7.8
59,812

157,006
97,786
62.3
154,857
95,637
61.8
88,542
3,081
85,460
7,095
7.4
59,220

157,176
97,662
62.1
155,031
95,517
61.6
88,494
2,850
85,645
7,022
7.4
59,514

154,700
95,286
61.6
152,543
93,129
61.1
85,394
3,236
82,158
7,735
8.3
59,414

156,367
97,634
62.4
154,220
95,487
61.9
87,981
3,424
84,557
7,506
7.9
58,733

156,595
97,348
62.2
154,451
95,203
61.6
87,819
3,286
84,533
7,384
7.8
59,248

65,643
52,453
79.9
63,929
50,739
79.4
47,499
2,177
45,322
3,240
6.4
13,190

66,699
53,542
80.3
65,001
51,844
79.8
48,931
2,248
46,683
2,913
5.6
13,158

66,835
53,550
80.1
65,140
51,855
79.6
48,727
2,125
46,603
3,128
6.0
13,285

65,643
52,651
80.2
63,929
50,937
79.7
47,586
2,316
45,270
3,351
6.7
12,992

66,384
53,436
80.5
64,688
51,740
80.0
48,682
2,415
46-, 267
3,058
5.9
12,948

72,251
33,627
46.5
31,271
385
30,887
2,355
7.0
38,625

73,401
35,227
48.0
32,683
512
32,172
2,544
7.2
38,173

73,445
35,168
47.9
32,831
452
32,379
2,337
6.6
38,276

72,251
33,415
46.2
30,755
483
30,272
2,660
8.0
38,836

16,363
8,366
51.1
6,765
294
6,471
1,600
19.1
7,997

16,455
8,565
52.1
6,927
321
6,606
1,638
19.1
7,889

16,446
8,493
51.6
6,935
273
6,663
1,558
18.3
7,953

134,480
82,190
61.1
76,345
5,845
7.1
52,290

136,336
84,570
62.0
78,877
5,693
6.7
51,766

18,063
10,541
58.4
9,190
1,351
12.8
7,522

18,521
11,067
59.8
9,664
1,402
12.7
7,454

Dec.
1975

Dec.
1975

Aug.
1976

Sept.
1976

Oct.
1976

TOTAL
Total noninstitutional population1
Total labor force
Participation rate
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Males, 20 years and over
Total noninstitutional population'
Total labor force
Participation rate
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Females, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
Both sexes, 16-19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Unemploymeqt rate
Not in labor force
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
BLACK AND OTHER
Civilian noninstitutional population1
Civilian labor force
Participation rate
Employed
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Not in labor force
1

Seasonal variations are not prerent in the population figures; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Household data for December 1976 relate to the week of December 4-10 (week of the 5th) rather than the usual week containing the 12th day.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Tabla A-2. Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjustad
unemployed persons

(Intl

Total. 10 years and over
Malts, 20 years and over . . .
Females. 20 years and over .
Both sexes, 16-19 years . . .

Males, 20 years and over . .
Females, 20 yeers and over
Both sexes, 16-19 yeers . . .
Black and other, total
Males, 20 years and over
Females, 20 years and ove
Both sexes, 16-19 years .
Household heads, total .
With relatives . . .
Without relatives .
With relatives
Without relatives .

Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Unemployed 15 weeks and ovei1
Labor force time lost2

Dec.
1975

Dec.
1976

Dec.
1975

Aug.
1976

Sept.
1976

Oct.
1976

Nov.
1976

Dec.
1976

7,735
3,351
2,660
1,724

7,558
3,235
2,641
1,682

8.3
6.6

7.8
6.1
7.5
18.6

7.9
6.3
7.6
19.0

8.1
6.5
7.7
19.0

7.9

19.6

7.9
5.9
7.7
19.7

6,251
2,677
2,182
.1,392
1,465
652
479
334

6,024
2,567
2,087
1,370
1,510
648
548
314

7.6
5.9
7.5
17.8
13.8
12.3
10.8
35.2

7.1
5.5
7.0
17.3
13.6
9.9
12.3
40.2

7.1
5.7
16.5
12.7
9.6
11.4
38.5

7.3
5.8
7.1
16.7

7.4
5.9
7.2
17.1
13.6

3,065
2,347
1,909
438
727
433
294

2,854
2,167
1,728
439
696
463
233

5.7
5.2
4.7
9.5

5.2
4.5
4.1

5.4
5.0
4.5
7.9

11.1
5.1

8.2

10.6

10.6

10.9
5.7

5.4
5.1
4.5
9.6
7.5
9.8
5.3

1,918
6,324
1,402
3,080

1,716
6,193
1,355
2,594

4.8
7.9
10.5
3.3
8.9

4.2
7.5
9.9
2.5

4.6
7.5
9.3
2.4
8.4

4.4
7.6
10.2
2.4

4.6
7.7
10.5
2.7

8.8

4.3
7.5
9.8
2.7
8.5

5.0
3.1
3.5
5.9
7.0
9.8
7.0
10.3
14.8
8.5
3.5

4.5
3.0
3.2
5.4

4.5
3.1

4.7
3.6
3.0
5.9

4.5
3.2
3.1
5.3

9.8
7.2
10.7
13.2
9.2
5.0

9.7
6.9
10.5
14.0
9.0
6.6

8.3
15.4
8.3
7.7
9.1
5.7
9.2
6.9
4.4
13.1

13.9
8.5
8.3
8.7
5.1
8.4
6.9
4.4
14.6

8.0

8.6
6.7

2,122
416
276
355
1,075
3,398
871
1,807
720
1,200
130

2,078
438
308
321
1,011
3,115
837
1,581
697
1,180
196

4.8
3.1
3.0
6.3
6.6
10.7
7.2
12.2
14.9
9.2
4.5

5,972
728
2,030
1,246
784
251
1,605
1,338
671
174

5,630
634
1,816
1,060
756
249
1,502
1,391
680
232

8.9
16.6
9.6
9.9
9.2
5.1
9.4
7.0
4.4
12.4

20 to 34 years . .
20 to 24 yeers
26 to 29 years
30 to 34 years

642
209
329
104

558
175
272
111

Will noiwvtiriM •
30 to 34 years . .
20 to 24 yeers
26 to 29 years
30 to 34 years

1,339
818
298
223

1,425
863
349
213

Professional and technical
*MMW|Ht mmI administrators, cxnpt hrm •
-—*

Wi wOrMil »•«» i »•»••»•••*•»••»•« •
Oerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Operatives
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers

8.1
8.0

8.2

6.8

8.6

5.4

6.2
9.8
7.0
10.5
14.5

8.6
3.7

13.5
10.9
11.6
38.4
5.4
5.0
4.5
9.0

2.8
5.4

6.2
9.7

6.8
10.7
13.9
9.5
4.0

12.1
10.8
35.5

6.2

6.2
7.6
18.9
7.1
5.5
6.9
17.2
13.6
11.8
11.7
33.7
5.2
4.8
4.3

8.6

7.9
10.5
5.2

6.0

INDUSTRY 9
Nonagricultural private wags and salary workers4
Construction
Manufacturing •
Durable goods
Nondurable .goods
Transportation and public utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance and service industries
Government workers
Agricultural wags and salary workers

8.2

8.0

17.1

15.8

8.1
14.9

8.0

8.2

9.0
6.5
4.4
10.0

7.4
8.9
5.4
8.8
6.3
3.8
10.6

5.6
9.0
6.6
4.4
11.2

22.0

7.4
15.4

9.3
19.8

8.9
19.7

9.9
5.3

6.8

8.0

8.0

5.0

6.7

8.8

8.1
10.4
7.0
5.5

8.2
7.7
8.9

M

8.1

8.2

8.1

VETERAN STATUS

1
2
3
4
1

10.3

9.2
12.6

6.8
6.0

11.4
8.1
5.0

8.6

8.6

5.7

16.4
9.2
4.7

18.3
9.0
4.5

8.9
11.9
7.9
5.0

9.4
12.1
8.3
5.9

9.2
12.5
7.2
5.7

Unemployment rate calculated es a percent of civilian labor force.
Aggregate hours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force hours.
Unemployment by occupation includes all experienced unemployed persons, whereas that by industry covers only unemployed wage and salary workers.
Includes mining, not shown separately.
Vietnam-era veterans are those who served between August 5,1964, and April 30,1975.




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Selected employment indicators
tin thousands]

Not seasonally Mfuited
3al0tlted CStVQDfiM
Total employed, 16 years and over
Males
Females
Household haadi
Married man, spouse present • • •
•M

Dec.
1975

Dec.
1976

Dec.
1975

Aug.
1976

85,536
50,993
34,543
50,364
37,788
20,371

88,494
52,369
36,125
51,582
38,055
20,996

85,394
51,390
34,004
50,332
37,739
19,859

87,981
52,655
35,326
51,170
38,237
20,444

42,955
13,266
8,854
5,453
15,382
28,235
11,244
13,089
3,902
11,892
2,455

45,212
13,705
9,580
5,956
15,970
28,933
11,291
13,554
4,088
11,935
2,415

42,326
13,026
8,837
5,296
15,167
28,408
11,265
13,043
4,100
11,837
2,782

1,043
1,590
223

1,150
1,456
244

76,562
1,331
14,916
60,315
5,645
473

79,588
65,067
3,028
1,301
1,727
11,493

Sept.
1976

Oct.
1976

Nov.
1976

Dec.
1976

87,819
52,564
35,255
51,234
38,218
20,536

87,773
52,613
35,160
51,176
38,008
20,421

88,130
52,631
35,499
51,351
37,858
20,489

88,352
52,771
35,581
51,530
38,017
20,464

43,782
13,536
9,282
5,549
15,415
28,853
11,251
13,273
4,329
12,325
2,951

44,183
13,619
9,580
5,607
15,377
28,739
11,348
13,091
4,300
12,219
2,791

44,067
13,332
9,425
5,542
15,768
29,003
11,406
13,203
4,394
11,976
2,840

44,150
13,587
9,465
5,523
15,575
29,093
11,389
13,267
4,437
12,070
2,734

44,557
13,463
9,561
5,783
15,750
29,108
11,314
13,500
4,294
11,879
2,754

1,231
1,663
300

1,3j63
1,709
356

1,329
1,606
351

1,321
1,683
346

1,263
1,624
334

1,358
1,523
328

79,420
1,383
15,131
62,906
5,779
446

76,038
1,309
14,719
60,010
5,683
' 510

78,469
1,401
15,317
61,751
5,662
436

78,584
1,410
15,185
61,989
5,714
428

78,444
1,379
14,884
62,181
5,596
452

78,782
1,449
15,000
62,333
5,816
448

78,894
1,360
14,937
62,597
5,820
481

82,583
67,297
3,164
1,210
1,954
12,122

77,380
63,730
3,243
1,332
1,911
10,407

78,931
64,622
3,047
1,295
1,752
11,262

79,921
65,064
3,348
1,339
2,009
11,509

79,572
65,013
3,469
1,337
2,132
11,090

80,030
65,448
3,604
1,285
2,319
10,978

80,293
65,913
3,400
1,238
2,162
10,980

Oct.
1976

Nov.
1976

Dec.
1976

OCCUPATION
White-collar workers
Professional and technical
Managsrs and administrators, except farm . . . . . . . .
Sales workers
Clerical workers
Blue-collar workers
Craft and kindred workers
Nonfarm laborers
Service workers
Farm workers
MAJOR INDUSTRY AND CLASS
OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
Nonagricultural industries:
Waga and salary workers
Private households
Government
Other
Self-employed workers
Unpaid family workers
PERSONS AT WORK 1
Nonagricultural industries
Full-time schedules
Part time for economic reasons
Usually work full time
Usually work part time
Part time for noneconomic reasons
1

Excludes persons "with a )ob but not at work" during the survey period for such reasons as vacation, illness, or industrial (fisputas.

Table A-4. Duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted
Witki of UMivtployiMnt

Lass than 6 weeks
5 to 14 weeks
16 weeks and over
16 to 20 weeks
27 weeks and over
Average (mean) duration, in weeks

Dec.
1975

Dec.
1976

Dec.
1975

Aug.
1976

2,451
3,197
2,548
1,120
1,428

2,563
3,314
2,145
935
1,210

2,648
2,244
3,080
1,413
1,667

2,829
2,427
2,387
1,143
1,244

2,828
2,453
2,314
1,123
1,191

3,010
2,355
2,330
1,066
1,264

2,739
2,608
2,556
1,211
1,345

2,768
2,364
2,594
1,182
1,412

16.9

15.6

17.0

15.5

15.4

15.4

15.6

15.7

100.0
34.1
30.5
35.4
15.6
19.8

100.0
36.5
33.0
30.5
13.3
17.2

100.0
33.2
28.1
38.6
17.7
20.9

100.0
37.0
31.8
31.2
15.0
16.3

100.0
37.2
32.3
30.5
14.8
15.7

100.0
39.1
30.6
30.3
13.9
16.4

100.0
34.7
33.0
32.3
15.3
17.0

100.0
35.8
30.6
33.6
15.3
18.3

Sept.
1976

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed
6 to 14 weeks
15 weeks and over
16 to 26 weeks
27 weeks and over




HOUSEHOLD DATA

HOUSEHOLD DATA
uncmp&oymovit

[Numbers in thousands]
Ilat
II-- ecgusveo
. Jj,,.t .
iwi tvnoneiy

—

Seasonally adjusted

Dec*
1975

Dec.
1976

Dec.
1975

Aug.
1976

3,970
813
1,684
728

3,730
789
1,691
812

3,955
862
1,975
865

3,781
1,008
1,935
951

100.0
55.2
11.3
23.4
10.1

100.0
53.1
11.2
24.1
11.6

100.0
51.7
11.3
25.8
11.3

4.3
.9
1.8
.8

3.9
.8
1.8
.9

4.2
.9
2.1
.9

Sept.
1976

Oct.
1976

Nov.
1976

Dec.
1976

3,756
929
1,895
932

3,778
953
1,903
894

3,925
862
2,091
922

3,715
836
1,982
949

100.0
49.3
13.1
25.2
12.4

100.0
50.0
12.4
25.2
12.4

100.0
50.2
12.7
25.3
11.9

100.0
50.3
11.1
26.8
11.8

100*0
49.7
11.2
26.5
12.7

4.0
1.1
2.0
1.0

3.9
1.0
2.0
1.0

4.0
1.0
2.0
.9

4.1
.9
2.2
1.0

3.9
.9
2.1
1.0

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Lost last job
Left last job
Reentered labor forc«
Seeking first job
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed

Reentrants

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants

Tablt A-6. Unemployment by eax and ago
Not seasonally adjuistatf

-Sea*anally adjusted

t rates

of parsons.
looking for
full-time

Sax and age

Total, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 10 years
20 to 24 years
26 years and over
25 to 54 years
56 years and over
Males, 16 years and over
16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 years and over
25 to 54 yean

16 to 19 years
16 to 17 years
18 to 19 yean
20 to 24 years
25 to 54 years
56 years and over




Dec.
1975

Dec.
1976

Dec.
1976

Dec.
1975

Aug.
1976

Sept.
1976

Oct.
1976

Nov.
1976

Dec.
1976

7,195
1,600
673
928
1,578
4,017
3,318
699

7,022
1,558
670
887
1,567
3,898
3,307
591

80.4
50.3
19.3
73.7
89.0
89.0
90.6
79.9

8.3
19.6
20.6
18.9
13.5
5.9
6.2
5.0

7.9
19.7
22.5
18.0
11.8
5.6
5.8
4.8

7.8
18.6
20.5
17.8
11.5
5.7
5.9
4.8

7.9
19.0
21.3
17.3
12.8
5.6
5.9
4.5

8.1
19.0
21.4.
17.4
13.0
5.8
6.0
4.7

7.9
18.9
20.4
17.7
12.8
5.6
6.0
4.2

4,108
868
356
512
917
2,323
1,888
435

4,002
875
390
484
925
2,203
1,847
355

83.5
49.6
19.7
73.8
90.5
93.9
95.9
83.9

7.6
19.0
19.3
18.7
13.8
5.4
5.6
4.7

7.0
18.8
21.8
16.7
11.8
4.9
5.1
4.5

7.1
18.8
21.2
17.8
11.6
5.1
5.2
4.6

7.4
19.5
22.1
17.5
13.0
5.1
5.3
4.2

7.6
19.5
21.8
17.8
12.8
5.4
5.6
4.4

7.3
18.6
20.1
17.1
13.2
5.0
5.4
3.8

3,087
732
317
416
661
1,694
1,430
264

3,020
683
280
403
641
1,695
1,460
236

76.4
51.1
18.6
73.7
87.1
82.5
83.9
73.7

9.3
20.3
22.2
19.1
13.1
6.8
7.2
5.4

9.1
20.8
23.3
19.5
11.8
6.6
7.0
5.2

8.7
18.3
19.7
17.7
11.4
6.7
7.0
5.2

8.7
18.3
20.3
17.1
12.5
6.4
7.0
4.9

8.8
18'. 5
20.9
16.9
13.3
6.4
6.7
5.2

8.8
19.3
20.6
18.3
12.3
6.5
7.0
4.7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Dec.
1975

Oct.
1976

Nov
1976*

Seasonally adjusted
1

Dec
t»
1976P

Dec.
1975

Aug.
1976

Sept.
1976

Oct.
1976

Nov.
1976*

Dec.
1976?

78,527

80,204

80,524

80,722

7 7 , 764

79, 278

7 9 ,, 5 7 2

79, , 4 6 7

79, 700

79,957

22,685

23, 546

23,499

23,223

2 2 , 713

23, 080

23, 228

23, , 0 8 1

23, 218

23,248

763

804

810

803

766

752

798

800

808

806

3,338

3,557

3,467

3,295

3, 3 9 2

3, 3 4 9

3, 3 3 0

3, 3 4 0

3, 353

3,349

MANUFACTURING
Production workers

18,584
13,329

19,185
13, 8 0 7

19.222
13,839

19,125
13,746

18, 5 5 5
13, 2 9 3

18, 9 7 9
13, 627

19,100
13,749

18, 9 4 1
13,575

19, 0 5 7
13, 6 7 4

19,093
13,707

DURABLE GOODS
Production workers

10,735
7,625

11; 131
7,941

11,223
8, 0 3 2

11,210
8,018

10,709
7,,5,93

11., 0 8 3
7,, 9 1 1

H . ,146
7,, 9 7 5

H . ,018
7,, 8 3 3

11. 134
7, 9 3 8

11,181
7,985

163.6
569.5
475.8
608. 1
1, 1 5 2 . 5
X, 3 5 0 . 7
2,038.4
1, 7 8 5 . 1
1, 6 9 1 . 2
495.0
405.5

156.0
622.5
498.4
641.8
1, 1 9 2 . 6
1,406.5
2,072.2
1,868.9
1,722. 1
514.0
435.8

156.5
616.7
496.4
639. 7
1, 1 8 1 . 3
1,414. 1
2, 1 1 2 . 5
1, 8 8 0 . 5
1, 7 8 0 . 7
517.2
427. 1

156. 1
613.5
493.5
623.7
1, 1 8 2 . 9
1,415. 1
2, 1 2 9 . 5
1,884.0
1,780.9
518. 6
412.5

163
581
473
614
1,, 153
1,, 3 4 5
2,, 0 2 4
1,, 7 7 3
1,679
494
410

157
605
486
628
1,, 2 1 5
1,, 3 9 4
2, 0 9 0
l f,843
1,, 7 3 7
510
418

156
613
495
630
1,, 2 1 6
1,, 4 0 4
2,, 115
1,, 8 4 8
1,, 7 3 7
512
420

155
613
491
630
1. 194
1,, 3 8 7
2,, 0 7 8
1,, 8 4 9
1,695
511
415

157
620
489
635
185
399
108
862
753
514
412

155
625
491
629
1, 183
1,409
2 , 115
1,871
1,769
517
417

7,849
5,704

8,054
5,866

7,999
5, 807

7,915
5,728

7,, 8 4 6
5,, 7 0 0

7,896
5,, 7 1 6

7,, 9 5 4
5,, 7 7 4

7,, 9 2 3
5,, 7 4 2

7, 9 2 3
5,, 7 3 6

7,912
5,722

1, 6 7 4 . 7
83.7
957.4
1,295.0
660.5
1,081.6
1,016.3
200.2
608.7
271.3

1, 7 7 7 . 9
84.2
964.8
1, 2 9 5 . 7
681.9
1,090.4
1,037.5
•204.6
652.6
264.2

1, 7 2 5 . 6
81.4
964.1
1, 2 9 3 . 2
685.7
1,094.4
1,036.8
203.8
649. 1
264.8

1,680.6
78. 1
963.8
1,259.2
683. 1
1, 1 0 0 . 7
1,038.9
201.9
645.7
262.7

1,, 6 9 0
79
952
,
2
9
9
1,
657
1,, 0 7 3
1,, 0 1 8

1,, 715
78
969
1,, 2 9 2
679
1,, 0 8 2
1,, 0 4 0
202
572
267

1,, 7 1 1
76
971
1,281
681
1,, 0 8 6
1,, 0 3 5
202
643

1,, 7 0 6
76
961
1,, 2 7 3
677
1,087
1(, 0 3 2
202
645
264

1,, 7 0 3
75
959
1,, 2 7 5
680
1,090
1,, 0 3 5
203
640
263

1,696
74
958
1,263
680
1,092
1,041
203
643
262

55, 842

56, 6 5 8

57,025

57,499

56, 709

TOTAL
GOODS-PRODUCING
MINING
CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION

Ordnance and accessories
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, day, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
instruments and related products . .
Miscellaneous manufacturing
NONDURABLE GOODS
Production workers
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and plastics products, nec.
Leather and leather products
SERVICE-PRODUCING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE . •
WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE, INSURANCE. AND
REAL ESTATE

191
606
271
55,051

5 6 , 198

268

1,
1,
2,
1,
1,

56, 344

56, 386

56,482

4,477

4,538

4, 537

4,537

4, 477

4, 501

4,528

4, 506

4 , 510

4,537

17,737

17, 707

17,894

18,336

17, 0 8 4

17, 5 5 4

17,625

17, 6 1 0

17, 585

17,685

4,215
13,522

4 , 322
13, 385

4,327
13,567

4,327
14,009

4 , 194
12, 8 9 0

4 , 272
13, 2 8 2

4 , 283
13, 342

4, 292
13, 3 1 8

4 , 297
13, 288

4,305
13,380

4,243

4,355

4, 368

4,385

4, 260

4 , 312

4, 338

4, 359

4, 381

4,403

SERVICES

14,158

14,811

14,829

14,823

14, 2 2 9

14,709

14, 7 5 8

14, 7 8 1

M , 844

14,897

GOVERNMENT

15,227

15, 2 4 7

15, 397

15,418

15, 0 0 1

15, 122

15, 0 9 5

15, 130

15, 162

15,187

2,771
12,456

2,711
12,536

2, 720
1 2 , 677

2,755
12,663

2 , 753
12, 2 4 8

2, 732
12, 3 9 0

2, 728
12, 3 6 7

2, 7 3 0
12, 4 0 0

2 , 734
12, 4 2 8

2,736
12,451

FEDERAL
STATE AND LOCAL

p*prcliminary.




ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weakly houra of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls, by industry
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

TOTAL PRIVATE
MINING

Dec.
1975

Oct.
1976

Nov. P
1976

Seasonally adjusted

Dec. P
1976

Dec.
1975

Aug.
1976

Sept.
1976

Oct.
1976

Nov.
1976^

Dec.
1976 p

36.5

36.2

36.1

36.4

36.4

36.1

36.0

36.1

36.2

36.3

42.9

43.8

43.6

43.7

42.9

41.2

43.5

43.3

43. 3

43.7

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION

36.7

38.2

36.8

36.8

37.2

36.8

35.9

37. 3

37.4

37.3

MANUFACTURING
Overtime hours

40. 8
3.1

40.0
3.2

40.3
3.2

40.7
3.3

40.3
3.0

40.0
3.0

39.7
3.0

39.9
2.9

40.1
3.1

40. 1
3.2

DURABLE GOODS
Overtime hours

41.4
3. 1

40.6
3.2

40.9
3.3

41.4
3.6

40.7
2.9

40. 8
3.1

40.2
3.0

40.5
3.0

40. 8
3.2

40.6
3.4

41.9
40.2
40. 1
41.3
40.6
41.7
42.1
40.7
43.4
40.9
39.4

40.6
40.6
38.8
41.8
40.1
40.6
41.2
40.2
41.4
40.3
38.9

41.0
39.9
38.8
41.4
40.3
41.0
41.8
40.6
42.0
40.8
39.3

42.6
40.7
39.3
41.3
40.5
41.4
42.6
40.8
42.7
41.2
39.3

41.3
40.1
39.4
41.2
40.2
41.0
41.0
40.0
41.9
40.3
39.0

40.7
40.2
38.5
41. 1
40.9
41.0
41.4
40.1
41.9
40.4
38.5

40. 1
39.8
38.0
40.9
40.3
40.6
40.8
39.7
41.1
39.9
38.2

40.6
40.3
38.4
41.4
40.2
40.4
41.2
40.0
41.2
40.3
38.7

40.8
40.3
38.6
41.3
40.3
40.8
41.6
40.3
42.0
40.4
39.0

42.0
40.6
38.6
41.2
40. 1
40.7
41.5
40.1
41.2
40.6
38.9

40.0
3.2

39.2
3.0

39.4
3.0

39.6
3.0

39.7
3.2

38.9
2.8

39.0
2.9

39.1
2.8

39.2
3.0

39.3
3.0

40.9
38.8
41.5
36.5
43.3
38.1
42.0
41.8
41.0
39.1

40.4
38.7
39.5
35.3
42.3
37.6
41.6
42.5
41. 1
36. 3

40.4
38.1
40.0
35.4
42.5
37.7
41.9
42.4
41.4
36.6

40.6
37.5
40.6
35.2
42.8
38.3
42.2
42.5
41.9
36.6

40.5
38.0
41.2
36.5
42.8
37.5
41.6
41.9
40.6
38.8

40.1
36.8
39.3
35.2
42.1
37.5
41.3
42.3
40.0
36,7

40.2
37.1
39.0
34.9
42.2
37.4
41.9
42.2
40.5
36.5

40. 3
37.5
39.4
35.0
42.1
37.5
41.6
42.0
41.1
36.4

40.4
36.9
39.8
35.1
42.3
37.5
41.8
42.0
41.2
36.5

40.2
36.7
40.3
35.2
42.3
37.7
41.8
42.6
41.5
36.3

39.9

40.0

39.9

40.1

39.9

40.0

39.9

39.8

39.9

40. 1

Ordnance and accessories
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabrioated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
NONDURABLE GOODS
Overtime hours
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products . .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and plastics products, nec . . .
Leather and leather products
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

34.2

33.4

33.3

33.9

33.9

33.6

33.6

33.5

33.5

33.7

39.2
32.7

38.7
31.8

38.7
31.7

39.0
32.5

38.8
32.4

38.9
32.0

38.8
32.1

38.7
32.0

38.7
32.0

38.6
32.2

FINANCE. INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

36.4

36.7

36.6

36.7

36.4

36.8

36.7

36.7

36.7

36.7

SERVICES

33.6

33.5

33.4

33.5

33.5

33.5

33.6

33.5

33.6

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TR^DE
WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

33.7

1
Data relate
production workers in mining and manufacturing: to construction workers in contract construction: and to nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonagricultural payrolls,
p-preliminary.




ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Avaraga hourly and weakly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private
nonagricultural payrolls, by industry
Average weekly earnings

Average hourly earnings
Industry

Dec.
1975

Oct.
1976

Nov.
1976P

Dec.
1976p

Dec.
1975

Oct.
1976

Nov.
1976p

Dec.
1976P

$ 4 . 68
4. 68

$4.98
4. 95

$5.00
4.99

$ 5 . 01
5. 01

F 170. 82
170. 35

$180.28
178. 70

$ 180. 50
180. 64

$ 182. 36
181.86

MINING

6. 17

6. 56

6.60

6. 66

264. 69

278. 33

287. 76

291.04

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION

7.51

7. 85

7. 86

7, 91

275. 62

299. 87

289. 25

291.09

MANUFACTURING

5.00

5.28

5. 34

5. 41

204. 00

211.20

215.20

220. 19

5. 38

5. 62

5. 68

5. 78

222. 73

228. 17

232. 31

239.29

5. 54
4. 43
3. 85
5.06
6. 48
5.29
5. 62
4. 78
6. 39
4. 74
3. 94

5. 89
4. 87
4. 06
5.43
6.90
5. 49
5. 83
5. 03
6.58
4. 95
4.06.

5. 98
4. 87
4.07
5. 45
6.94
5. 54
5.90
5.07
6.69
4.99
4. 08

6.
4.
4.
5.
6.
5.
5.
5.
6.
5.
4.

232.
178.
154.
208.
263.
220.
236.
194.
277.
193.
155.

239. 13
197.72
157. 53
226. 97
276. 69
222.89
240.20
202.21
272. 41
199.49
157. 93

245. 18
194. 31
157.92
225.63
279. 68
227. 14
246. 62
205. 84
280. 98
203. 59
160. 34

255.60
198.21
162. 70
226. 32
281. 88
233.08
254.75
210.94
295.48
209.30
163. 49

4. 48

4. 80

4. 84

4. 88

179. 20

188. 16

190. 70

193.25

4. 75
4. 54
3. 55
3. 27
5.23
5.50
5.61
6. 67
4. 51
3. 31

5.04
4. 69
3.79
3. 49
5. 57
5. 77
6. 04
7. 20
4. 86
3.47

5.09
4. 86
3. 80
3.50
5. 62
5. 81
6.08
7.25
4.90
3.50

5. 14
5. 14
3. 81
3., 53
5.,63
5., 86
6., 10
7.,29
4.,97
3.,53

194. 28
176. 15
147. 33
119.,36
226., 46
209., 55
235.,62
278., 81
184,,91
129.,42

203.62
181. 50
149. 71
123.20
235. 61
216.95
251.26
306. 00
199. 75
125.96

205. 64
185. 17
152.00
123.90
238. 85
219. 04
254. 75
307. 40
202.86
12b. 10

208. 68
192.75
154. 69
124. 26
240.96
224. 44
257.42
309. 83
208.24
129.20

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES

6. 18

6.63

6.64

6..65

246.. 5 8

265.20

264. 94

266. 67

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

3. 81

4.07

4. 09

4,,07

130.. 30

135.94

136. 20

137.97

5.03
3.40

5.28
3.64

5. 30
3.65

5,. 33
3,, 6 4

197.. 18
I l l , , 18

204. 34
115.75

205.11
115.71

207. 87
118. 30

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE

4. 23

4. 41

4. 41

4,, 4 3

153,.97

1-61. 85

161.41

162.58

SERVICES

4.23

4. 44

4. 49

4,.51

142,. 1 3

148. 74

149. 97

151.09

Seasonally adjusted

DURABLE GOODS
Ordnance and accessories
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical equipment
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and plastics products,, nec
Leather and leather products

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

1
S M footnote 1, table Br2.
p= preliminary.




00
87
14
48
96
63
98
17
92
08
16

13
09
39
98
09
59
60
55
33
87
24

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4.
Hourly earnings index for production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls, by industry division, seasonally adjusted
[1967-100]
Percent change from

Industry

TOTAL PRIVATE NONFARM:
Currant dollars
Constant (1967) dollars
MINING
CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE. INSURANCE. AND REAL ESTATE
SERVICES

Dec.
1975

July
1976

Aug.
1976

Sept.
1976

Oct.
1976

Nov. P
1976

Dec. P
1976

178.0
107.0
190.4
180.1
177.6
190.5
172.6
165.2
182.6

185.2
108.4
199.7
187.7
185.4
200.5
178.8
170.8
189.2

186.4
108.5
202.9
187.1
186.6
?01.5
180.0
173.1
190.6

187.2,
108.5

188.2
108.7
206.1
187.9
188.4
203.1
182.2
173.5
192.2

189.2
109.0
205.0
189.0
189.7
204.0
183.0
173.3
193.7

190.0
N.A.
205.6
189.9
190.5
203.8
184.0
173.0
194.8

204.4
186.5
188.1
202.2
180.8
172.0
190.. 9

Dec. 1975Dec. 1976

Nov. 1976Dec. 1976

6.7
(2)
8.0
5.4
7.3
7.0
6.6
4.7
6.7

0.4
(3)
.3
.4
.5
-.1
.5
-.2
.6

1

See footnote 1. table B-2.
2 Percent change was 1.6 from November 1975 to November 1976
the l a t e s t month available,
J Percent change was 0.3 from October 1976 to November 1976,'
the l a t e s t month available.
N.A. - not available.
^preliminary.

NOTE: All series are in current dollars except where indicated. The index excludes effectsof two types of changes that are unrelated to underlying wage-rate developments: Fluctuations in over
time premiums in manufacturing (the only sector for which overtime data are available) and" the effects of changes in the proportion of workers in high-wage and low-wage industries.

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonagricultural
payrolls, by industry, seasonally adjusted
[1967 - 100)

Industry division and group

1975

1976

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

109- 3
94. 0
124. 9

110. 1
95. 2
125. 2

110. 4

110. 4

95. 2
125. 0

95. 2
125. 7

110. 8
94. 8
125. 9

CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION

98. 1

99. 6

98. 5

94. 1

MANUFACTURING

92. 2

93. 4

93. 6

DURABLE GOODS

89- 6
42. 1
93. 2
100. 7
96. 5
82. 8
94. 5
91. 8
87. 2
87. 4
103. 0
91. 2

91. 0
41. 5
97. 0
101. 3
97. 7
83. 6
95. 3
92. 8
88. 6
89- 2
104. 7
94. 4

95. 9
95. 5
88. 1
98. 5
91. 9
94. 5
92. 9
97. 5
111. 4
115. 9
78. 3

TOTAL
GOODS-PRODUCING
MINING

Ordnance and accessories
Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures
Stone, clay, and glass products
Primary metal industries
Fabricated metal products
Machinery, except electrical
Electrical equipment and supplies . . . .
Transportation equipment
Instruments and related products . . . .
Miscellaneous manufacturing, Ind

NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Tobacco manufactures
Textile mill products
Apparel and other textile products . . .
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing
Chemicals and allied products
Petroleum and coal products
Rubber and plastics products, nec . . .
Leather and leather products

SERVICE-PRODUCING

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

111. 3
96. 3
124. 7

110. 9
95. 9
125. 0

111. 1

111. 0
94. 8
115. 6

111.4

95. 6
127. 7

94. 9
131. 7

111. 3
94. 9
131. 1

111. 8
96. 1

112. 4
96.. 1

132. 8

132. 9

99. 0

97. 8

97. 6

97. 2

95. 9

92.8

97. 2

97. 9

97. 2

94. 3

93. 0

95. 1

94. 6

94. 2

93. 9

94. 0

93. 2

94. 5

. 94. 6

91. 4
41. 0
96. 0
103. 1
97. 4
84. 8
96. 4
93. 0
89. 3
89. 2
105. 2
94. 3

92. 4
41. 0
95. 8
103. 6
96. 5
86. 0
97. 2
93. 3
90. 4
91. 8
106. 7
95. 4

90. 9
39. 9
96. 0
102. 7
98. 6
86. 8
94. 9
91. 7
89. 0
86. 9
105. 7
93. 1

94. 0
41. 0
96. 6
105. 1
99. 5
88. 3
98. 7
94. 9
92. 2
92. 8
109. 6
95. 4

93. 5
40. 0
98. 6
102. 3
99. 2
90. 1
98. 0
95. 9
90. 5
90. 3
110. 3
93. 1

93. 6
39. 8
97. 6
101. 2
98. 6
89. 8
98. 6
95. 9
92.2
90. 7
108. 1
91. 8

93.2
38.6
98.2
102.4
98.9
88.8
98.6
95. 9
91. 5
89. 1
107.2
92.2

92. 0
38. 5
99. 4
102. 2
99. 7
86. 2
96. 5
94. 0
92. 1
86. 1
107. 9
92. 0

94. 0
38. 7
100. 8
102. 5
100. 1
85. 6
98. 3
97. 1
93. 6
92. 0
108. 5
91. 8

94. 1
39. 9
102. 5
102. 5
98. 9
85. 3
99. 2
97. 6
93. 5
91. 2
110. 1
92. 4

96. 8
96. 7
89. 0
99. 1
92. 7
95. 2
93. 1
98. 4
113. 6
117. 7
79. 7

96. 8
96. 8
88. 1
99. 0
92. 2
95. 8
92. 6
99. 4
114. 2
117. 9
79. 2

97. 1
96. 0
84. 9
99. 3
92. 6
96. 1
92. 7
99. 4
113. 9
121. 7
79. 3

96. 0
96. 1
85. 4
96. 1
89. 3
95. 9
92. 3
100. 1
115. 6
121. 3
78. 4

95. 8
96. 6
95. 2
96. 6
96. 8
97. 0
85. 4
82. 3
83. 4
99. 9
98. 6
98. 0
92. 0
91. 4
88. 9
97. 3
98. 1
96. 9
93. 6
93. 1
93. 6
100. 0
99. 0
99. 4
113. 9 111. 6 112. 2
108. 8 107., 0 106. 2
79.. 8 76., 0 74. 7

94. 2
96. 5
84. 0
95. 5
87. 6
96. 1
92. 9
99. 8
112. 4
105. 2
72. 5

95.2
95. 0
96.2
96.4
82. 1
83. 0
95.2
95. 0
85. 7
86. 2
96. 5
95.7
93. 1
93. 4
100. 3
99. 4
112". 2 112. 5
124. 3 125. 6.
72. 1
71. 0

95. 3
96. 0
80. 3
95. 6
86. 2
96. 7
93. 5
99. 9
113. 4
125. 2
70. 5

95.
95.
78.
96.
85.
96.
94.
100.
115.
126.
69.

123. 1

93.
40.
96.
103.
99.
89.
98.
94.
91.
92.
109.
94.

8
7
1
3
7
2
4
5
9
6
1
7

Nov.P

Dec.p

3
0
6
7
6
9
2
2
0
8
8

119. 9

120. 5

120. 9

121. 0

121. 9

121. 6

121, 2

121. 8

122.-2

122.8

122. 7

122. 8

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC
UTILITIES

101. 9

101. 3

102. 3

102. 5

102. 4

101. 9

101.,6

102. 1

102. 5

102. 9

102, 0

102., 1 103. 0

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
TRADE

115. 5

116. 6

117. 0

118. 4

117. 5

117., 0 117. 8

117. 6

118. 3

113. 2
117. 9

113. 2
118. 4

114. 3
120. 0

114. 3
118. 8

114., 1 115. 3
118., 1 118. 8

114. 7
118. 7

114.9
119. 6

117. 9
114. 8
119. 0

117. 6

112. 4
116. 6

116. 8
113. 4
118. 0

WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE

115. 0
118. 6

118., 6
114. 7
120. 0

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND
REAL ESTATE

124. 5

125. 1

125. 4

125. 5

126. 1

126. 3

12 6., 3 126. 6

127. 3

127. 7

128. 3

129., 1 129. 8

SERVICES

132. 8

133. 3

133. 9

133. 7

134. 3

134. 9

134. 6

136. 2

136.8

137. 2

137.,4

1

See footnote 1, table B-2.
p» preliminary.




135. 0

138. 4

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Indexes of diffusion: Percent of industries in which employment1 increased

Year end month

Over 1 -month span

Over 3-month span

Over 6-month spaa

Over 12-month span

1974
January
February . . .
March

58. 7
55. 8
48. 0

61. 6
55. 2
54. 7

64. 8
56. 4
54. 7

<63. 1
59.6
54. 9

April
May
June

54. 7
54. 7
54. 4

52. 3
57. 0
50. 9

51. 5
50. 3
44. 5

50. 0
40. 1
28.2

July
August

49. 1
42. 2
32. 6

44. 2
36. 0
35. 5

35. 8
32. 0
21. 8

26.7
22. 1
20. 6

October . . .
November . .

35. 5
19. 8
19. 8

26. 2
21. 8
12. 8

15. 7
16. 0
13. 7

18.6
16.6
14. 0

January . . .
February ..
March

16. 9
16. 9
27. 3

12. 5
14. 0
22. 7

13. 7
12. 8
18. 9

16.3
17.4
17.2

April
May
June

44. 2
51. 2
39. 8

34. 6
43. 6
47. 7

29. 1
40. 7
59. 0

20. 3
25. 6
40. 1

July
August
September .

57. 3
72. 4
81. 4

55. 5
75. 0
78. 8

63. 4
66. 6
72. 4

50. 3
61.9
71. 5

October . . .

64. 0
59. 6
69. 2

70. 6
69. 2
75. 0

78. 8
79. 4
77. 6

75.9
79. 1
81.4

March

76. 7
74. 4
77. 9

82. 0
84. 3
84. 9

82. 8
83., 1
77., 0

84.6
82.8
79.4

April
May
June

77. 9
63. 4
47. 1

81. 1
70. 6
57. 0

77., 0
71., 5
70., 9

73. 5
75. 6p
75. 9p

July
August
September .

52. 9
49. 1
68. 9

47. 4
65. 1
54 . 9

55. 2
52,> 6p
58. l p

October

39,. 0
62,, 5 p
63,•4p

57. 8p
53. 2p

1975

December
1976
January

...

December ..

January
February
March

..,

April
May
June
July
August
September . . .
October

1
Number of employees, seasonally adjusted, on payrolls of 172 private nonagricultural industries,
p - preliminary.




LABOR FORCE, EMPLOYMENT • UNEMPLOYMENT
HOUSEHOLD DATA - SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
1. LABOR FORCE AND EMPLOYMENT

2. TOTAL EMPLOYMENT

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
TOTAL E N J O Y M E N T
NONAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT

AOULT HEN
AOULT WOMEN
TEENAGERS

THOUSANDS

lOOOOO

100000

asooo

85000

90000

THOUSANOS
60000

60000

50000

50000

40000

40000

30000

30000

20000

20000

10000

10000

90000
f

/ '

mm

jfr-

05000

y

j r

05000

4

s
r

00000

J
f

75000

f

00000

mm*

/

75000

70000

70000

65000
1907

1MV

I M S

1970

1971

197*

1373

1974

1179

1970

1907

1900

3. UNEMPLOYMENT

1909

1970

1971

197t

1973

1974

1979

1970

4- UNEMPLOYMENT

ALL CIVILIAN WORKERS
FULL-TIME WORKERS
MARRIED MEN

AOULT MEN
AOULT WOMEN
TEENA6ERS

THOUSANOS

toooo

10000

THOUSANOS
4000

4000

r

-

3500
-

7500

7500
3000
-

N

2500
5000

•

5000

L,

2000

1500
2500

/

2500

/
L*

1000

/ .tV ;
*
*

id

«

V

^

3500

)•
V:

3000

If;

i

2000

A
v

2500

1500

<» i

j y

1000

( A
1907

190V




1909

1970

1971

197C

1979

1974

197S

1970

500

500
1907

1900

1909

1970

1971

197C

1979

1974

1979

1970

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES
HOUSEHOLD OflTfl - SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
5. UNEMPLOYMENT

6- UNEMPLOYMENT

RATES

TEENAGERS
AOULT WOMEN
A O U L T MEN

ALL C I V I L I A N W O R K E R S
HOUSEHOLD HERDS
M A R R I E D HEN
rERCENT
10-0

10.0

A

PERCENT
2 5 -0

25 .0

20.0

20.0

15.0

15.0

10.0

10.0

5.0

5.0

7.5

7.5

s

5 0

V\

/fv\
5-0

A

/

4
i

\

2 w - v
2.5

2.5

I^-FC

0.0
1107 1SC1 l t « S

1170 1311 ISIC

J,.|MUl J
1373 1974 1179 117*

7. UNEMPLOYMENT

Q. Q

I *

12.5

/

Ai A

v

1101

1170

1171

1172

PART-TIME
FULL-TIME

uTf

J
j

i960

1179

1170

0.0

RATES

WORKERS
WORKERS
12.5

10.0

10.0

12.5

A

*

7.5

/v,

1174

PERCENT
12.5

10.0

A

1173

8. UNEMPLOYMENT

15.0

f

***
1107

RACES

PERCENT
15.0

10.0

0.0

RATES

N E 6 R 0 A N O OTHER
WHITE

7.5

RATES

nf\

KT

7.5

7.5

I

i»

#

*

5.0

/

4

imi

t*
t

5.0

*
*

5-0

5.0

4

V

/

2..5

2.5
2.5

2.5

<IIIIIL|I4IIUIIIMIII|JIIIMIM|J Q . Q
1107




1100

1101

1170" 1 1 7 1

117C

1173

1174

1179

1170

1107

1100

1101

1170

1171

117C

1179

1174

1179

1170

UNEMPLOYMENT
HOUSEHOLD DATA - SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
9. UNEMPLOYMENT RfiTES
PERCENT
15.0

—
..
—

10. UNEMPLOYMENT RfiTES

BLUE COLLAR WORKERS
SERVICE WORKERS
WHITE COLLAR WORKERS
15.0

-

PERCENT
25.0

CONSTRUCTION
MANUFACTURING
25.0

-

12.B

12.5

20.0

20.0

15.0

15.0

•

10.0

10.0
-

7.5

It
-

1•

Li

5.0

h

t

/

i A

V:

r

5.0

A

i

j

2.5

\

10.0
A

ief

7.5

-

2.5

10.0

V

>«/

5.0

5.0

rr

•

-

1967 1908 1909 1970 1971 1972 1979 1974 1976 1976

0.0

11 . AVERAGE DURATION
OF UNEMPLOYMENT
WEEKS
17.5

0.0

0 . 0 " +

1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1979 1974 1976 1976

12. UNEMPLOYMENT BY REASON

17.5

THOUSANDS
6000

JOB LOSERS
REENTRANTS
NEW ENTRANTS
JOB LEAVERS

6000

:
15.0

15.0

5000

5000

r f:

4000
12.5

12.5

10.0
2000

7.5

7.5

1000

4000

1

3000
10.0

•

/

vA1

>

i f" £

J

(V

3000

i

1000
•

5.0

^
5.0
1967 I960 1969 1970 1971 1972 1979 1974 1976 1976




2000

1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1979 1974 1971 1976

NONAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT AND HOURS
ESTABLISHMENT DATA - SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
14. HOURS

13. EMPLOYMENT
TOTAL NONA6RI CULTURAL
SERVICE-PROOUCING
GOODS-PRODUCING
MANUFACTURING

.

THOUSANOS
90000

90000

TOTAL PRIVATE NONAGRICULTURAL
PRIVATE SERVICE-PRODUCING
600DS-PR0DUCING
MANUFACTURING

MILLIONS OF HOURS
2250

2250
:

80000

2000

2000

70000

1750

1750

60000

1500

1500

50000

1250

1250

40000

40000

1000

1000

30000

30000

750

750

20000

500

80000
-

70000

60000
*m*mi
50000
----

mm,

•

— —

—

20000

.967

1967 196V 1969 1970 1871 187* 1979 1974 1979 1970

I960 1869 1970 1971 1972 1979 1974 1979 1976

15- AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

16- AVERAGE WEEKLY OVERTIME HOURS
IN MANUFACTURING

MANUFACTURING
TOTAL PRIVATE
HOURS
42.0

41 .0

42.0

V

i

HOURS
5.0

4.0

[V
\A

IK

JY

N

•

39-0

J V:

)hi 40.0

V

3.0

39.0

r
38.0 » Af

\

A

t

h

4.0

3.0

L / *
38.0

V A
V V

37.0

'

2.0

2.0

1 .0

1 .0

37.0

W

1 t
\ 1t"
V

36.0

35.0

5.0

41 .0

F

40.0

500

1867 190V 1909 1970 1971 187* 1979 1974 1979 1970

36.0

35.0

0.0

1907 190V 1909 1970 1971 197* 1979 1974 1979 1870

NOTE: Charts 14 and 15 relate to production or nonsupervivory workers; chart 16 relates to production workers.
Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary in charts 13-16.




0-0