Full text of The Employment Situation : August 2024
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Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, September 6, 2024 USDL-24-1817 Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — AUGUST 2024 Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 142,000 in August, and the unemployment rate changed little at 4.2 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Job gains occurred in construction and health care. Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, August 2022 – August 2024 Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change, seasonally adjusted, August 2022 – August 2024 Percent Thousands 5.5 600 5.0 500 4.5 400 300 4.0 200 3.5 100 3.0 0 2.5 -100 Aug-22 Nov-22 Feb-23 May-23 Aug-23 Nov-23 Feb-24 May-24 Aug-24 Aug-22 Nov-22 Feb-23 May-23 Aug-23 Nov-23 Feb-24 May-24 Aug-24 This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical Note. Household Survey Data Both the unemployment rate, at 4.2 percent, and the number of unemployed people, at 7.1 million, changed little in August. These measures are higher than a year earlier, when the jobless rate was 3.8 percent, and the number of unemployed people was 6.3 million. (See table A-1.) Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (4.0 percent), adult women (3.7 percent), teenagers (14.1 percent), Whites (3.8 percent), Blacks (6.1 percent), Asians (4.1 percent), and Hispanics (5.5 percent) showed little or no change in August. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) Among the unemployed, the number of people on temporary layoff declined by 190,000 to 872,000 in August, mostly offsetting an increase in the prior month. The number of permanent job losers was essentially unchanged at 1.7 million in August. (See table A-11.) The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was virtually unchanged at 1.5 million in August. The long-term unemployed accounted for 21.3 percent of all unemployed people. (See table A-12.) The labor force participation rate remained at 62.7 percent in August and is little changed over the year. The employment-population ratio also was unchanged in August, at 60.0 percent, but is down by 0.4 percentage point over the year. (See table A-1.) The number of people employed part time for economic reasons was little changed at 4.8 million in August. This measure is up from 4.2 million a year earlier. These individuals would have preferred fulltime employment but were working part time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-8.) The number of people not in the labor force who currently want a job, at 5.6 million, changed little in August. These individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not actively looking for work during the 4 weeks preceding the survey or were unavailable to take a job. (See table A-1.) Among those not in the labor force who wanted a job, the number of people marginally attached to the labor force, at 1.4 million, was little changed in August. These individuals wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had not looked for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached who believed that no jobs were available for them, changed little at 367,000 in August. (See Summary table A.) Establishment Survey Data Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 142,000 over the month. Employment growth in August was in line with average job growth in recent months but was below the average monthly gain of 202,000 over the prior 12 months. In August, job gains occurred in construction and health care. (See table B-1.) Construction employment rose by 34,000 in August, higher than the average monthly gain of 19,000 over the prior 12 months. Over the month, heavy and civil engineering construction added 14,000 jobs, and employment in nonresidential specialty trade contractors continued to trend up (+14,000). Health care added 31,000 jobs in August, about half the average monthly gain of 60,000 over the prior 12 months. In August, employment rose in ambulatory health care services (+24,000) and hospitals (+10,000). -2- In August, employment in social assistance continued its upward trend (+13,000) but at a slower pace than the average monthly gain over the prior 12 months (+21,000). Individual and family services added 18,000 jobs over the month. Employment in manufacturing edged down in August (-24,000), reflecting a decline of 25,000 in durable goods industries. Manufacturing employment has shown little net change over the year. Employment showed little change over the month in other major industries, including mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; financial activities; professional and business services; leisure and hospitality; other services; and government. In August, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 14 cents, or 0.4 percent, to $35.21. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 3.8 percent. In August, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 11 cents, or 0.4 percent, to $30.27. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour to 34.3 hours in August. In manufacturing, the average workweek changed little at 40.0 hours, and overtime edged up by 0.1 hour to 3.0 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls remained at 33.7 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for June was revised down by 61,000, from +179,000 to +118,000, and the change for July was revised down by 25,000, from +114,000 to +89,000. With these revisions, employment in June and July combined is 86,000 lower than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.) _____________ The Employment Situation for September is scheduled to be released on Friday, October 4, 2024, at 8:30 a.m. (ET). -3- HOUSEHOLD DATA Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Category Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024 Change from: July 2024Aug. 2024 Aug. 2024 Employment status Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force.......................................................... . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed.................................................................. . Employment-population ratio......................................... . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267,213 167,840 62.8 161,500 60.4 6,340 3.8 99,374 268,438 168,009 62.6 161,199 60.1 6,811 4.1 100,429 268,644 168,429 62.7 161,266 60.0 7,163 4.3 100,215 268,856 168,549 62.7 161,434 60.0 7,115 4.2 100,306 212 120 0.0 168 0.0 -48 -0.1 91 Unemployment rates Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult men (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................ . 3.8 3.7 3.2 12.3 3.4 5.3 3.2 4.9 4.1 3.8 3.7 12.1 3.5 6.3 4.1 4.9 4.3 4.0 3.8 12.4 3.8 6.3 3.7 5.3 4.2 4.0 3.7 14.1 3.8 6.1 4.1 5.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 1.7 0.0 -0.2 0.4 0.2 Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................. . 3.0 5.4 3.9 3.1 2.2 3.3 5.9 4.2 3.4 2.4 3.5 6.7 4.6 3.5 2.3 3.4 7.1 4.0 3.4 2.5 -0.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 Reason for unemployment Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers..................................................................... . Reentrants...................................................................... . New entrants................................................................... . 2,946 804 1,931 592 3,176 752 2,094 708 3,490 855 2,160 650 3,328 845 2,132 718 -162 -10 -28 68 Duration of unemployment Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks.................................................................. . 15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 weeks and over............................................................ . 2,224 1,913 970 1,326 2,128 2,102 1,087 1,516 2,351 2,141 1,087 1,535 2,468 2,019 1,167 1,533 117 -122 80 -2 Employed persons at work part time Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons......................................... . 4,221 2,821 1,017 22,030 4,220 2,832 1,144 22,341 4,566 2,985 1,195 22,036 4,830 3,303 1,144 22,561 264 318 -51 525 Persons not in the labor force Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers....................................................... . 1,519 384 1,508 365 1,571 405 1,401 367 -170 -38 NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted Aug. 2023 June 2024 EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 150 33 0 31 2 3 -4.3 -1 117 1.5 -5.6 -27.5 2.8 -18 4 -1 -18.9 93 93.5 52 16 60 118 97 2 0 18 -16 -17 4.6 1 95 6.0 -19.5 10.9 1.3 0 13 -11 -29.7 82 68.7 4 8 21 89 74 20 1 13 6 5 6.3 1 54 7.3 -3.4 5.6 -0.2 -15 -1 -13 -18.1 55 58.8 24 -5 15 142 118 10 0 34 -24 -25 -5.9 1 108 4.9 -11.1 7.9 -0.2 -7 11 8 -2.9 47 44.1 46 1 24 (3-month average change, in thousands) Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 161 147 137 141 126 116 96 Category WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2 Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES Total private Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)5 Total private (250 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing (72 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 49.8 48.4 81.3 34.4 $33.91 $1,166.50 115.3 0.3 187.0 0.6 61.0 51.4 49.8 48.3 81.4 34.3 $34.99 $1,200.16 116.5 0.1 194.8 0.4 51.6 31.9 July 2024p 49.8 48.3 81.4 34.2 $35.07 $1,199.39 116.2 -0.3 194.8 0.0 47.8 43.1 Aug. 2024p 49.8 48.3 81.4 34.3 $35.21 $1,207.70 116.6 0.3 196.3 0.8 53.2 42.4 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. 4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. 5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2023 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. 2 Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 130,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 600,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm. 2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The Employment Situation news release. 3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cestn.htm#section7. On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? Yes. About 45 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? Yes. Monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 6. Is the count of unemployed people limited to just those receiving unemployment insurance benefits? No. The estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All people who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently looking for work? Yes. However, there are separate estimates of people outside the labor force who want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit www.bls.gov/ces/publications/length-pay-period.htm. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the month. People who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of people who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of people who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, please visit data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln. Technical Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the CES program surveys about 119,000 businesses and government agencies, representing approximately 629,000 individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll jobs. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. People laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of the employed and unemployed. Those people not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including people on paid leave. People are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory employees in private service-providing industries. Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2022 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: • The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. • The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. • The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. • The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Reliability of the estimates Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic activity. Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component series and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year. Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 130,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -80,000 to +180,000 (50,000 +/- 130,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages. The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death employment. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. Benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries when necessary. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.1 percent, with a range from -0.3 percent to 0.3 percent. Other information If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age Aug. 2023 July 2024 Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Apr. 2024 May 2024 June 2024 July 2024 Aug. 2024 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267,213 168,049 62.9 161,427 60.4 6,623 3.9 99,164 5,482 268,644 169,723 63.2 162,038 60.3 7,685 4.5 98,921 5,950 268,856 168,763 62.8 161,348 60.0 7,415 4.4 100,092 5,749 267,213 167,840 62.8 161,500 60.4 6,340 3.8 99,374 5,374 268,066 167,982 62.7 161,491 60.2 6,492 3.9 100,083 5,637 268,248 167,732 62.5 161,083 60.1 6,649 4.0 100,516 5,717 268,438 168,009 62.6 161,199 60.1 6,811 4.1 100,429 5,234 268,644 168,429 62.7 161,266 60.0 7,163 4.3 100,215 5,600 268,856 168,549 62.7 161,434 60.0 7,115 4.2 100,306 5,637 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,608 89,299 68.4 85,838 65.7 3,461 3.9 41,310 130,975 90,256 68.9 86,368 65.9 3,889 4.3 40,719 131,077 89,138 68.0 85,379 65.1 3,759 4.2 41,939 130,608 89,114 68.2 85,527 65.5 3,587 4.0 41,494 130,694 88,708 67.9 85,208 65.2 3,500 3.9 41,986 130,782 88,619 67.8 84,882 64.9 3,737 4.2 42,163 130,875 89,171 68.1 85,514 65.3 3,657 4.1 41,704 130,975 89,293 68.2 85,390 65.2 3,903 4.4 41,682 131,077 88,950 67.9 85,075 64.9 3,875 4.4 42,127 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,832 85,868 70.5 82,865 68.0 3,003 3.5 35,964 122,021 86,388 70.8 83,026 68.0 3,362 3.9 35,633 122,118 85,816 70.3 82,552 67.6 3,264 3.8 36,302 121,832 85,951 70.5 82,800 68.0 3,151 3.7 35,881 121,763 85,382 70.1 82,318 67.6 3,064 3.6 36,381 121,844 85,229 69.9 81,986 67.3 3,243 3.8 36,615 121,929 85,846 70.4 82,618 67.8 3,227 3.8 36,083 122,021 86,054 70.5 82,576 67.7 3,477 4.0 35,968 122,118 85,857 70.3 82,452 67.5 3,405 4.0 36,261 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136,605 78,750 57.6 75,589 55.3 3,162 4.0 57,854 137,669 79,467 57.7 75,670 55.0 3,797 4.8 58,203 137,779 79,626 57.8 75,970 55.1 3,656 4.6 58,153 136,605 78,726 57.6 75,973 55.6 2,752 3.5 57,879 137,372 79,274 57.7 76,283 55.5 2,991 3.8 58,098 137,465 79,113 57.6 76,201 55.4 2,912 3.7 58,353 137,564 78,838 57.3 75,684 55.0 3,154 4.0 58,725 137,669 79,136 57.5 75,876 55.1 3,260 4.1 58,533 137,779 79,599 57.8 76,359 55.4 3,240 4.1 58,179 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128,132 75,305 58.8 72,515 56.6 2,790 3.7 52,826 129,021 75,657 58.6 72,348 56.1 3,309 4.4 53,364 129,125 76,216 59.0 73,014 56.5 3,202 4.2 52,909 128,132 75,514 58.9 73,107 57.1 2,407 3.2 52,618 128,742 75,989 59.0 73,334 57.0 2,655 3.5 52,753 128,830 75,812 58.8 73,226 56.8 2,586 3.4 53,018 128,922 75,587 58.6 72,798 56.5 2,788 3.7 53,335 129,021 75,968 58.9 73,078 56.6 2,890 3.8 53,052 129,125 76,411 59.2 73,589 57.0 2,822 3.7 52,714 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,249 6,876 39.9 6,046 35.1 830 12.1 10,373 17,602 7,678 43.6 6,664 37.9 1,014 13.2 9,924 17,612 6,731 38.2 5,782 32.8 949 14.1 10,881 17,249 6,374 37.0 5,593 32.4 781 12.3 10,875 17,561 6,611 37.6 5,839 33.2 772 11.7 10,950 17,574 6,692 38.1 5,871 33.4 821 12.3 10,882 17,588 6,577 37.4 5,782 32.9 795 12.1 11,011 17,602 6,407 36.4 5,612 31.9 795 12.4 11,195 17,612 6,281 35.7 5,393 30.6 888 14.1 11,332 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. Aug. 2023 July 2024 Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Apr. 2024 May 2024 June 2024 July 2024 Aug. 2024 204,645 128,092 62.6 123,531 60.4 4,561 3.6 76,553 205,114 128,804 62.8 123,595 60.3 5,209 4.0 76,311 205,222 128,107 62.4 123,013 59.9 5,094 4.0 77,115 204,645 127,931 62.5 123,543 60.4 4,387 3.4 76,714 204,831 127,708 62.3 123,229 60.2 4,479 3.5 77,123 204,917 127,384 62.2 122,922 60.0 4,462 3.5 77,533 205,010 127,552 62.2 123,095 60.0 4,457 3.5 77,457 205,114 127,887 62.3 123,032 60.0 4,854 3.8 77,228 205,222 127,939 62.3 123,049 60.0 4,890 3.8 77,282 66,480 70.2 64,374 68.0 2,106 3.2 66,534 70.3 64,312 68.0 2,222 3.3 66,277 70.0 64,002 67.6 2,275 3.4 66,535 70.2 64,307 67.9 2,228 3.3 65,982 69.8 63,801 67.5 2,181 3.3 65,797 69.6 63,588 67.3 2,208 3.4 66,154 70.0 64,011 67.7 2,143 3.2 66,313 70.1 64,005 67.6 2,308 3.5 66,282 70.0 63,910 67.5 2,372 3.6 56,243 57.7 54,361 55.8 1,882 3.3 56,257 57.5 54,005 55.2 2,252 4.0 56,606 57.9 54,432 55.6 2,175 3.8 56,422 57.9 54,803 56.3 1,619 2.9 56,622 58.0 54,843 56.2 1,779 3.1 56,441 57.8 54,752 56.0 1,689 3.0 56,268 57.6 54,505 55.8 1,763 3.1 56,529 57.8 54,583 55.8 1,946 3.4 56,777 58.0 54,866 56.1 1,911 3.4 5,369 42.9 4,796 38.3 573 10.7 6,013 47.3 5,279 41.5 734 12.2 5,223 41.1 4,579 36.0 644 12.3 4,973 39.7 4,433 35.4 540 10.9 5,103 40.2 4,584 36.1 519 10.2 5,146 40.5 4,582 36.1 564 11.0 5,131 40.4 4,580 36.0 551 10.7 5,044 39.7 4,444 34.9 600 11.9 4,880 38.4 4,273 33.6 607 12.4 34,714 21,837 62.9 20,613 59.4 1,224 5.6 12,878 35,017 22,346 63.8 20,819 59.5 1,526 6.8 12,671 35,053 22,045 62.9 20,618 58.8 1,427 6.5 13,009 34,714 21,782 62.7 20,626 59.4 1,155 5.3 12,933 34,918 22,051 63.2 20,812 59.6 1,239 5.6 12,867 34,949 21,986 62.9 20,643 59.1 1,343 6.1 12,963 34,982 21,942 62.7 20,570 58.8 1,372 6.3 13,040 35,017 22,124 63.2 20,739 59.2 1,385 6.3 12,893 35,053 21,984 62.7 20,639 58.9 1,344 6.1 13,070 10,182 68.7 9,678 65.3 504 5.0 10,445 70.2 9,749 65.5 696 6.7 10,178 68.3 9,590 64.4 588 5.8 10,155 68.5 9,640 65.0 516 5.1 10,194 68.7 9,661 65.1 533 5.2 10,150 68.3 9,497 63.9 654 6.4 10,269 69.1 9,643 64.9 626 6.1 10,370 69.7 9,681 65.1 689 6.6 10,153 68.2 9,551 64.1 602 5.9 10,859 62.6 10,277 59.2 582 5.4 11,019 62.9 10,331 59.0 688 6.2 11,078 63.2 10,381 59.2 696 6.3 10,880 62.7 10,367 59.8 513 4.7 10,991 62.9 10,442 59.8 548 5.0 10,994 62.9 10,421 59.6 572 5.2 10,906 62.3 10,289 58.8 617 5.7 11,029 63.0 10,428 59.5 601 5.5 11,084 63.2 10,474 59.7 610 5.5 796 31.3 658 25.9 138 17.3 881 33.6 739 28.2 142 16.1 789 30.0 647 24.6 142 18.0 746 29.3 619 24.3 126 16.9 867 33.2 709 27.2 158 18.2 842 32.2 725 27.7 117 13.9 767 29.3 637 24.3 130 16.9 725 27.6 630 24.0 95 13.1 747 28.4 614 23.4 133 17.7 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, race, sex, and age ASIAN Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aug. 2023 17,515 11,552 66.0 11,176 63.8 376 3.3 5,963 July 2024 17,971 11,924 66.4 11,466 63.8 459 3.8 6,047 Aug. 2024 17,973 11,817 65.7 11,309 62.9 508 4.3 6,156 Aug. 2023 17,515 11,487 65.6 11,125 63.5 362 3.2 6,028 Apr. 2024 17,816 11,536 64.7 11,214 62.9 322 2.8 6,280 May 2024 17,993 11,754 65.3 11,393 63.3 361 3.1 6,239 June 2024 18,052 11,888 65.9 11,400 63.2 488 4.1 6,163 July 2024 17,971 11,814 65.7 11,383 63.3 431 3.7 6,158 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Aug. 2024 17,973 11,755 65.4 11,269 62.7 486 4.1 6,218 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands] Seasonally adjusted1 Not seasonally adjusted Employment status, sex, and age HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio.............. . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Aug. 2023 July 2024 Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Apr. 2024 May 2024 June 2024 July 2024 Aug. 2024 47,671 31,960 67.0 30,382 63.7 1,578 4.9 15,711 48,966 33,011 67.4 31,207 63.7 1,805 5.5 15,954 49,071 33,273 67.8 31,418 64.0 1,856 5.6 15,798 47,671 32,009 67.1 30,451 63.9 1,558 4.9 15,662 48,667 32,777 67.3 31,187 64.1 1,589 4.8 15,890 48,764 32,815 67.3 31,185 64.0 1,630 5.0 15,949 48,864 33,002 67.5 31,388 64.2 1,614 4.9 15,862 48,966 32,946 67.3 31,191 63.7 1,755 5.3 16,020 49,071 33,264 67.8 31,443 64.1 1,822 5.5 15,807 17,170 79.3 16,465 76.0 706 4.1 17,718 80.1 16,990 76.8 728 4.1 17,839 80.4 17,004 76.7 834 4.7 17,172 79.3 16,436 75.9 736 4.3 17,532 79.7 16,765 76.2 766 4.4 17,592 79.8 16,767 76.1 826 4.7 17,769 80.5 17,023 77.1 746 4.2 17,710 80.0 16,923 76.5 786 4.4 17,834 80.4 16,980 76.6 854 4.8 13,279 61.5 12,663 58.6 616 4.6 13,583 61.1 12,807 57.6 776 5.7 13,904 62.4 13,175 59.1 729 5.2 13,363 61.8 12,776 59.1 587 4.4 13,638 61.7 13,016 58.9 623 4.6 13,582 61.3 13,032 58.9 550 4.1 13,555 61.1 12,951 58.4 604 4.5 13,690 61.6 12,949 58.2 741 5.4 13,921 62.5 13,223 59.3 698 5.0 1,510 34.3 1,254 28.5 257 17.0 1,711 37.2 1,409 30.6 302 17.6 1,531 33.2 1,238 26.9 293 19.1 1,473 33.4 1,238 28.1 235 15.9 1,607 35.1 1,406 30.7 200 12.5 1,641 35.8 1,386 30.2 254 15.5 1,678 36.5 1,414 30.8 264 15.7 1,546 33.6 1,319 28.7 227 14.7 1,509 32.7 1,239 26.9 269 17.8 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Aug. 2023 July 2024 Aug. 2024 Seasonally adjusted Aug. 2023 Apr. 2024 May 2024 June 2024 July 2024 Aug. 2024 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,210 47.4 8,774 45.2 436 4.7 8,997 47.9 8,408 44.8 589 6.5 9,418 47.9 8,807 44.8 611 6.5 9,261 47.7 8,759 45.1 502 5.4 8,990 46.8 8,451 44.0 539 6.0 9,046 46.0 8,515 43.3 531 5.9 9,145 47.0 8,604 44.2 541 5.9 9,199 49.0 8,583 45.7 616 6.7 9,452 48.1 8,785 44.7 667 7.1 High school graduates, no college1 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,349 56.7 34,957 54.5 1,392 3.8 36,537 56.7 34,832 54.1 1,705 4.7 36,972 57.1 35,508 54.8 1,464 4.0 36,250 56.5 34,848 54.4 1,402 3.9 36,208 56.7 34,757 54.4 1,451 4.0 36,340 56.8 34,785 54.4 1,555 4.3 36,235 57.0 34,709 54.6 1,526 4.2 36,721 57.0 35,015 54.3 1,707 4.6 36,840 56.9 35,357 54.6 1,482 4.0 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,560 62.7 34,393 60.7 1,167 3.3 35,537 62.7 34,198 60.4 1,339 3.8 35,239 62.9 33,939 60.6 1,300 3.7 35,845 63.2 34,751 61.3 1,094 3.1 36,225 62.9 35,017 60.8 1,208 3.3 35,610 63.1 34,517 61.1 1,092 3.1 35,569 62.7 34,353 60.5 1,216 3.4 35,688 63.0 34,425 60.8 1,263 3.5 35,578 63.5 34,352 61.3 1,226 3.4 Bachelor’s degree and higher2 Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,112 73.2 62,469 71.3 1,643 2.6 65,086 72.5 63,340 70.5 1,746 2.7 65,080 72.8 63,217 70.7 1,864 2.9 64,330 73.4 62,886 71.8 1,444 2.2 64,449 72.8 63,047 71.2 1,402 2.2 64,994 72.8 63,622 71.3 1,372 2.1 65,352 72.8 63,800 71.1 1,552 2.4 65,256 72.7 63,724 71.0 1,532 2.3 65,291 73.0 63,653 71.2 1,639 2.5 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Aug. 2023 Men Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Women Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Aug. 2024 VETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,879 8,680 48.5 8,371 46.8 309 3.6 9,199 17,532 8,335 47.5 8,045 45.9 290 3.5 9,197 15,836 7,542 47.6 7,291 46.0 251 3.3 8,294 15,481 7,227 46.7 7,015 45.3 212 2.9 8,254 2,043 1,138 55.7 1,080 52.8 58 5.1 905 2,051 1,108 54.0 1,030 50.2 78 7.0 943 Gulf War-era II veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,012 3,983 79.5 3,810 76.0 173 4.3 1,029 5,262 4,181 79.5 4,036 76.7 145 3.5 1,081 4,088 3,337 81.6 3,202 78.3 135 4.0 751 4,315 3,533 81.9 3,433 79.6 100 2.8 782 924 647 70.0 608 65.8 39 6.0 277 947 648 68.5 603 63.7 45 7.0 298 Gulf War-era I veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,006 2,173 72.3 2,126 70.7 47 2.2 833 2,900 1,934 66.7 1,866 64.3 68 3.5 966 2,558 1,863 72.8 1,827 71.4 36 1.9 695 2,444 1,664 68.1 1,617 66.2 46 2.8 780 448 310 69.3 299 66.8 11 3.6 138 456 271 59.3 248 54.4 22 8.2 186 World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,941 833 14.0 806 13.6 27 3.2 5,108 5,601 709 12.7 676 12.1 33 4.6 4,892 5,689 815 14.3 788 13.9 27 3.3 4,874 5,364 684 12.7 661 12.3 23 3.3 4,680 252 18 7.3 18 7.3 0 – 234 237 25 10.7 15 6.4 10 – 212 Veterans of other service periods Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,920 1,690 43.1 1,629 41.6 62 3.6 2,230 3,769 1,511 40.1 1,468 38.9 43 2.9 2,258 3,501 1,528 43.6 1,475 42.1 53 3.5 1,973 3,358 1,347 40.1 1,304 38.8 43 3.2 2,011 419 162 38.8 154 36.8 8 5.1 257 411 164 39.9 164 39.9 0 0.0 247 NONVETERANS, 18 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240,285 156,713 65.2 150,694 62.7 6,019 3.8 83,572 241,878 157,777 65.2 151,028 62.4 6,749 4.3 84,101 110,139 80,461 73.1 77,389 70.3 3,072 3.8 29,677 110,731 80,606 72.8 77,265 69.8 3,341 4.1 30,125 130,146 76,252 58.6 73,305 56.3 2,947 3.9 53,894 131,147 77,171 58.8 73,763 56.2 3,408 4.4 53,976 NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Persons with a disability Employment status, sex, and age Aug. 2023 Aug. 2024 Persons with no disability Aug. 2023 Aug. 2024 TOTAL, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population..................................................... . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 34,059 8,477 24.9 7,849 23.0 627 7.4 25,582 33,649 8,030 23.9 7,362 21.9 669 8.3 25,619 233,154 159,573 68.4 153,578 65.9 5,995 3.8 73,582 235,207 160,733 68.3 153,987 65.5 6,746 4.2 74,474 Men, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 3,563 42.0 3,276 38.6 287 8.0 4,914 3,377 41.4 3,065 37.6 311 9.2 4,780 79,618 83.3 76,659 80.2 2,959 3.7 15,997 79,333 83.0 76,097 79.6 3,237 4.1 16,228 Women, 16 to 64 years Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 3,528 40.4 3,257 37.3 271 7.7 5,210 3,310 38.7 3,012 35.3 297 9.0 5,232 70,078 73.1 67,402 70.3 2,676 3.8 25,840 70,878 73.3 67,698 70.0 3,179 4.5 25,766 Both sexes, 65 years and over Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate.................................................................... . Employed............................................................................ . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed......................................................................... . Unemployment rate.............................................................. . Not in labor force...................................................................... . 1,386 8.2 1,317 7.8 70 5.0 15,458 1,344 7.9 1,284 7.6 60 4.5 15,607 9,876 23.7 9,516 22.9 360 3.6 31,744 10,522 24.5 10,192 23.7 330 3.1 32,479 NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Employment status and nativity Aug. 2023 Men Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Women Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Aug. 2024 Foreign born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed......................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 46,818 31,567 67.4 30,396 64.9 1,171 3.7 15,251 48,853 33,049 67.6 31,636 64.8 1,413 4.3 15,804 22,854 17,972 78.6 17,380 76.0 591 3.3 4,883 23,792 18,724 78.7 18,075 76.0 649 3.5 5,068 23,964 13,595 56.7 13,015 54.3 580 4.3 10,369 25,061 14,325 57.2 13,561 54.1 764 5.3 10,736 Native born, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. . Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participation rate................................................. . Employed......................................................... . Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unemployed...................................................... . Unemployment rate........................................... . Not in labor force................................................... . 220,395 136,482 61.9 131,031 59.5 5,452 4.0 83,913 220,003 135,714 61.7 129,712 59.0 6,002 4.4 84,288 107,754 71,327 66.2 68,458 63.5 2,870 4.0 36,427 107,285 70,414 65.6 67,304 62.7 3,110 4.4 36,871 112,641 65,155 57.8 62,573 55.6 2,582 4.0 47,486 112,718 65,301 57.9 62,408 55.4 2,892 4.4 47,417 NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Category CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government.................................... . Private industries.............................. . Private households. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other industries............................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2 All industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonagricultural industries Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Seasonally adjusted Aug. 2023 July 2024 Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Apr. 2024 May 2024 June 2024 July 2024 Aug. 2024 2,326 1,582 717 27 159,101 150,171 20,684 129,487 681 128,807 8,886 44 2,421 1,729 673 20 159,616 150,290 20,704 129,586 629 128,956 9,285 41 2,393 1,719 652 22 158,955 149,379 20,854 128,526 613 127,913 9,545 31 2,279 1,553 694 – 159,275 150,262 21,249 128,893 – 128,254 8,827 – 2,246 1,555 657 – 159,161 149,831 21,616 128,170 – 127,493 9,295 – 2,221 1,504 657 – 158,919 149,413 21,613 127,746 – 127,072 9,408 – 2,379 1,666 655 – 158,984 149,846 21,560 128,300 – 127,646 9,025 – 2,273 1,595 641 – 159,100 149,789 21,607 128,166 – 127,515 9,191 – 2,327 1,659 630 – 159,108 149,476 21,431 127,962 – 127,371 9,475 – 4,143 2,712 1,003 20,506 4,718 2,996 1,301 20,566 4,757 3,203 1,133 21,050 4,221 2,821 1,017 22,030 4,469 3,058 1,134 22,253 4,419 3,086 1,042 22,662 4,220 2,832 1,144 22,341 4,566 2,985 1,195 22,036 4,830 3,303 1,144 22,561 4,084 2,670 999 20,084 4,661 2,954 1,291 20,201 4,677 3,157 1,108 20,682 4,149 2,779 1,016 21,582 4,404 3,010 1,132 21,906 4,340 3,036 1,028 22,285 4,138 2,778 1,134 21,947 4,491 2,937 1,188 21,681 4,737 3,261 1,124 22,170 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. 3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. 4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Characteristic Seasonally adjusted Aug. 2023 July 2024 Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Apr. 2024 May 2024 June 2024 July 2024 Aug. 2024 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161,427 6,046 2,362 3,684 155,381 14,787 140,593 103,133 35,810 35,375 31,948 37,461 162,038 6,664 2,609 4,054 155,374 14,596 140,778 103,547 35,418 36,057 32,072 37,231 161,348 5,782 2,275 3,508 155,566 14,096 141,470 103,757 35,324 36,227 32,206 37,713 161,500 5,593 2,104 3,466 155,907 14,611 141,129 103,508 35,972 35,467 32,069 37,620 161,491 5,839 2,116 3,727 155,652 14,419 141,328 103,832 35,638 36,197 31,997 37,497 161,083 5,871 2,153 3,733 155,212 13,945 141,385 103,919 35,694 36,121 32,105 37,466 161,199 5,782 2,207 3,556 155,417 14,050 141,364 103,874 35,645 36,147 32,081 37,491 161,266 5,612 2,139 3,418 155,654 14,081 141,594 104,120 35,569 36,270 32,281 37,475 161,434 5,393 2,034 3,327 156,041 13,917 141,988 104,144 35,495 36,332 32,317 37,844 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85,838 2,973 1,158 1,815 82,865 7,530 75,335 55,335 19,198 19,097 17,040 20,000 86,368 3,342 1,293 2,049 83,026 7,517 75,509 55,494 19,083 19,432 16,979 20,014 85,379 2,827 1,098 1,728 82,552 7,236 75,316 55,208 18,810 19,359 17,039 20,109 85,527 2,727 1,015 1,675 82,800 7,367 75,288 55,279 19,208 19,050 17,020 20,009 85,208 2,890 1,000 1,901 82,318 7,381 75,012 55,027 18,893 19,234 16,900 19,985 84,882 2,896 996 1,915 81,986 7,110 74,943 54,970 18,872 19,210 16,888 19,973 85,514 2,896 1,061 1,818 82,618 7,218 75,358 55,294 18,992 19,304 16,998 20,063 85,390 2,814 1,045 1,720 82,576 7,160 75,412 55,378 19,033 19,371 16,973 20,035 85,075 2,623 967 1,616 82,452 7,071 75,279 55,162 18,831 19,322 17,010 20,117 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,589 3,073 1,204 1,869 72,515 7,257 65,258 47,797 16,611 16,279 14,908 17,461 75,670 3,322 1,317 2,005 72,348 7,078 65,270 48,053 16,335 16,625 15,093 17,217 75,970 2,956 1,176 1,780 73,014 6,860 66,154 48,550 16,515 16,868 15,167 17,604 75,973 2,866 1,089 1,791 73,107 7,244 65,841 48,230 16,763 16,417 15,050 17,611 76,283 2,949 1,116 1,827 73,334 7,038 66,316 48,805 16,745 16,963 15,096 17,511 76,201 2,975 1,158 1,818 73,226 6,835 66,442 48,950 16,822 16,910 15,217 17,492 75,684 2,886 1,145 1,739 72,798 6,833 66,007 48,579 16,653 16,843 15,083 17,427 75,876 2,798 1,095 1,698 73,078 6,921 66,182 48,742 16,536 16,899 15,308 17,440 76,359 2,770 1,067 1,712 73,589 6,846 66,709 48,982 16,665 17,010 15,307 17,727 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,754 36,930 9,719 45,792 36,393 10,066 45,826 36,949 10,130 45,956 37,339 – 45,547 36,906 – 45,712 37,020 – 45,902 36,964 – 46,060 36,981 – 45,952 37,341 – FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135,445 25,982 135,036 27,002 134,396 26,953 134,267 27,201 133,889 27,718 133,264 28,004 133,236 28,054 133,684 27,729 133,246 28,256 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,778 4.8 8,402 5.2 8,236 5.1 8,069 5.0 8,383 5.2 8,399 5.2 8,340 5.2 8,473 5.3 8,538 5.3 SELF-EMPLOYMENT Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,989 9,603 6,911 9,957 6,911 10,197 – 9,521 – 9,952 – 10,065 – 9,681 – 9,831 – 10,105 1 Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. 2 Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. 3 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 4 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. - Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Aug. 2023 July 2024 Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Apr. 2024 May 2024 June 2024 July 2024 Aug. 2024 AGE AND SEX Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,340 781 286 505 5,559 1,119 4,388 3,363 1,454 1,085 824 1,039 7,163 795 274 534 6,368 1,168 5,141 3,940 1,791 1,180 968 1,200 7,115 888 363 533 6,227 1,184 4,997 3,850 1,667 1,296 887 1,154 3.8 12.3 11.9 12.7 3.4 7.1 3.0 3.1 3.9 3.0 2.5 2.7 3.9 11.7 12.6 11.3 3.5 6.7 3.2 3.2 3.8 3.0 2.8 3.0 4.0 12.3 13.6 11.4 3.6 7.9 3.2 3.3 4.1 3.3 2.5 2.7 4.1 12.1 12.6 11.8 3.7 7.5 3.3 3.5 4.4 3.3 2.7 2.8 4.3 12.4 11.3 13.5 3.9 7.7 3.5 3.6 4.8 3.2 2.9 3.1 4.2 14.1 15.1 13.8 3.8 7.8 3.4 3.6 4.5 3.4 2.7 3.0 Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,587 436 140 300 3,151 672 2,428 1,847 775 589 483 582 3,903 426 123 309 3,477 612 2,808 2,134 945 673 516 674 3,875 470 205 270 3,405 644 2,718 2,033 888 659 487 686 4.0 13.8 12.1 15.2 3.7 8.4 3.1 3.2 3.9 3.0 2.8 2.8 3.9 13.1 13.8 12.8 3.6 6.6 3.2 3.3 4.0 3.0 2.9 3.1 4.2 14.6 16.6 13.0 3.8 8.3 3.3 3.5 4.3 3.4 2.7 2.7 4.1 12.9 12.3 13.3 3.8 8.0 3.3 3.5 4.3 3.3 2.8 2.8 4.4 13.1 10.5 15.2 4.0 7.9 3.6 3.7 4.7 3.4 2.9 3.3 4.4 15.2 17.5 14.3 4.0 8.3 3.5 3.6 4.5 3.3 2.8 3.3 Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 to 19 years.................................... . 16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 years and over............................. . 25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 to 34 years............................ . 35 to 44 years............................ . 45 to 54 years............................ . 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,752 345 146 206 2,407 447 1,960 1,517 679 496 341 464 3,260 369 151 224 2,890 556 2,333 1,805 846 507 453 521 3,240 418 158 263 2,822 540 2,279 1,817 780 637 400 477 3.5 10.7 11.8 10.3 3.2 5.8 2.9 3.0 3.9 2.9 2.2 2.6 3.8 10.2 11.6 9.6 3.5 6.7 3.1 3.1 3.7 2.9 2.8 2.9 3.7 9.9 10.8 9.7 3.4 7.4 3.0 3.1 3.7 3.1 2.3 2.7 4.0 11.2 12.8 10.1 3.7 7.0 3.4 3.6 4.6 3.4 2.6 2.9 4.1 11.7 12.1 11.7 3.8 7.4 3.4 3.6 4.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 4.1 13.1 12.9 13.3 3.7 7.3 3.3 3.6 4.5 3.6 2.5 2.6 MARITAL STATUS Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 942 786 499 980 895 592 1,007 917 601 2.0 2.1 4.9 2.1 2.4 4.8 1.9 2.1 4.4 1.9 2.3 6.2 2.1 2.4 5.6 2.1 2.4 5.6 FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,098 1,259 5,786 1,361 5,757 1,357 3.7 4.4 3.8 4.2 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.7 4.1 4.6 1 Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. 2 Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Reason Aug. 2023 July 2024 Seasonally adjusted Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Apr. 2024 May 2024 June 2024 July 2024 Aug. 2024 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Permanent job losers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 3,053 870 2,183 1,600 583 876 2,014 680 3,649 1,266 2,382 1,669 714 894 2,329 814 3,431 922 2,510 1,743 766 923 2,239 821 2,946 813 2,132 1,545 588 804 1,931 592 3,241 871 2,370 1,756 615 785 1,929 574 3,220 836 2,384 1,764 620 717 2,046 630 3,176 813 2,362 1,643 719 752 2,094 708 3,490 1,062 2,427 1,682 746 855 2,160 650 3,328 872 2,456 1,688 768 845 2,132 718 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 46.1 13.1 33.0 13.2 30.4 10.3 47.5 16.5 31.0 11.6 30.3 10.6 46.3 12.4 33.8 12.4 30.2 11.1 47.0 13.0 34.0 12.8 30.8 9.4 49.6 13.3 36.3 12.0 29.5 8.8 48.7 12.6 36.0 10.8 30.9 9.5 47.2 12.1 35.1 11.2 31.1 10.5 48.8 14.8 33.9 11.9 30.2 9.1 47.4 12.4 35.0 12.0 30.4 10.2 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reentrants........................................... . New entrants........................................ . 1.8 0.5 1.2 0.4 2.1 0.5 1.4 0.5 2.0 0.5 1.3 0.5 1.8 0.5 1.2 0.4 1.9 0.5 1.1 0.3 1.9 0.4 1.2 0.4 1.9 0.4 1.2 0.4 2.1 0.5 1.3 0.4 2.0 0.5 1.3 0.4 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Duration Aug. 2023 July 2024 Aug. 2024 Seasonally adjusted Aug. 2023 Apr. 2024 May 2024 June 2024 July 2024 Aug. 2024 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,173 2,280 2,171 796 1,374 2,638 2,542 2,505 938 1,568 2,442 2,395 2,578 1,028 1,550 2,224 1,913 2,296 970 1,326 2,262 1,987 2,119 869 1,250 2,309 1,918 2,305 955 1,350 2,128 2,102 2,603 1,087 1,516 2,351 2,141 2,622 1,087 1,535 2,468 2,019 2,700 1,167 1,533 Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.2 8.8 19.6 8.7 20.8 9.5 20.4 8.8 19.9 8.7 21.2 8.9 20.7 9.8 20.6 9.4 21.0 9.4 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 14 weeks....................................... . 15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 26 weeks................................... . 27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.8 34.4 32.8 12.0 20.7 34.3 33.1 32.6 12.2 20.4 32.9 32.3 34.8 13.9 20.9 34.6 29.7 35.7 15.1 20.6 35.5 31.2 33.3 13.6 19.6 35.3 29.4 35.3 14.6 20.7 31.1 30.8 38.1 15.9 22.2 33.0 30.1 36.9 15.3 21.6 34.3 28.1 37.6 16.2 21.3 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Employed Occupation Total, 16 years and over1............................................ . Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Management, business, and financial operations occupations.................................................... . Professional and related occupations......................... . Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and related occupations................................. . Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations....................................................... . Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . . . Production, transportation, and material moving occupations....................................................... . Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Unemployment rates Unemployed Aug. 2023 Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Aug. 2024 161,427 69,280 161,348 69,892 6,623 1,712 7,415 2,056 3.9 2.4 4.4 2.9 30,458 38,822 26,646 30,408 14,286 16,122 30,610 39,282 26,640 29,949 14,047 15,902 649 1,063 1,344 1,243 580 663 765 1,291 1,401 1,280 676 604 2.1 2.7 4.8 3.9 3.9 3.9 2.4 3.2 5.0 4.1 4.6 3.7 14,606 1,074 8,530 5,002 14,769 1,198 8,700 4,871 581 76 413 92 652 159 363 130 3.8 6.6 4.6 1.8 4.2 11.7 4.0 2.6 20,486 8,526 11,960 20,099 7,777 12,322 1,024 282 742 1,194 406 787 4.8 3.2 5.8 5.6 5.0 6.0 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted Industry and class of worker Total, 16 years and over1............................................................... . Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................................... . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing....................................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services.............................................. . Education and health services.................................................... . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government workers.................................................................. . Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Number of unemployed persons (in thousands) Unemployment rates Aug. 2023 Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Aug. 2024 6,623 4,938 16 424 433 264 169 766 370 106 224 729 822 817 232 93 599 313 7,415 5,420 22 338 514 301 212 931 365 148 297 864 975 748 219 207 659 309 3.9 3.7 2.5 3.9 2.7 2.6 3.0 3.8 4.4 4.1 2.2 3.7 3.2 5.8 3.5 5.8 2.8 3.1 4.4 4.0 3.5 3.2 3.5 3.2 4.0 4.8 4.3 6.0 3.0 4.2 3.7 5.5 3.3 11.3 3.0 2.9 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent] Not seasonally adjusted Measure U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force.................................... . Seasonally adjusted Aug. 2023 July 2024 Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Apr. 2024 May 2024 June 2024 July 2024 Aug. 2024 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.0 3.9 4.5 4.4 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.8 4.6 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.4 4.8 5.4 5.2 4.6 4.8 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.0 7.2 8.2 8.0 7.1 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.8 7.9 NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands] Total Category Aug. 2023 Men Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Women Aug. 2024 Aug. 2023 Aug. 2024 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marginally attached to the labor force1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discouraged workers2........................................ . Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . . 99,164 5,482 1,500 364 1,136 100,092 5,749 1,359 341 1,018 41,310 2,480 732 247 485 41,939 2,760 700 200 500 57,854 3,002 768 117 652 58,153 2,989 659 141 518 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders4............................................ . Percent of total employed......................................... . Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary and secondary jobs both full time...................... . Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,778 4.8 4,582 1,868 367 859 8,236 5.1 4,756 2,012 377 1,037 3,691 4.3 2,372 657 202 431 3,883 4.5 2,459 676 238 488 4,087 5.4 2,210 1,211 164 427 4,353 5.7 2,297 1,336 139 549 1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. 2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seasonally adjusted Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p 156,355 134,326 21,916 159,341 136,207 22,066 158,387 136,256 22,116 158,650 136,194 22,123 156,421 133,568 21,637 158,548 135,248 21,812 158,637 135,322 21,832 158,779 135,440 21,842 Change from: July2024 Aug.2024p 142 118 10 Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.. . Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining (except oil and gas). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 652 46.1 605.5 118.6 190.7 43.1 43.9 637 38.0 599.2 120.7 192.3 44.2 43.7 641 39.5 601.7 121.1 192.8 44.0 44.0 644 38.6 605.3 120.1 192.3 43.0 44.1 644 44.7 599.1 117.4 187.0 43.0 43.5 634 38.5 595.9 120.1 189.6 44.1 43.5 635 38.2 596.4 119.8 188.9 43.6 43.6 635 37.2 597.7 118.4 188.7 43.0 43.7 0 -1.0 1.3 -1.4 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 103.7 296.2 104.4 286.2 104.8 287.8 105.2 292.9 100.5 294.7 102.0 286.2 101.7 287.7 102.0 290.6 0.3 2.9 Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential building construction. . . . . . . . . . . . Nonresidential building construction. . . . . . . . . Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 8,263 1,845.3 937.7 907.6 1,177.8 5,240.0 2,434.3 2,805.7 8,413 1,905.7 961.2 944.5 1,190.8 5,316.6 2,467.9 2,848.7 8,463 1,915.0 963.9 951.1 1,191.7 5,355.8 2,479.4 2,876.4 8,497 1,915.7 967.9 947.8 1,207.8 5,373.5 2,473.8 2,899.7 8,052 1,813.4 923.0 890.4 1,124.6 5,114.0 2,381.3 2,732.7 8,233 1,876.5 948.1 928.4 1,144.8 5,211.9 2,410.5 2,801.4 8,246 1,877.2 946.1 931.1 1,142.7 5,225.8 2,415.7 2,810.1 8,280 1,882.8 950.9 931.9 1,156.2 5,240.6 2,416.5 2,824.1 34 5.6 4.8 0.8 13.5 14.8 0.8 14.0 Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wood product manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary metal manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabricated metal product manufacturing. . . . Machinery manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer and electronic product manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communications equipment manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing and reproducing magnetic and optical media and audio and video equipment manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation equipment manufacturing1. . . Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and related product manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Apparel manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paper manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . Petroleum and coal products manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemical manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastics and rubber products manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 13,001 13,016 13,012 12,982 12,941 12,945 12,951 12,927 -24 8,147 419.8 8,173 419.0 8,154 419.5 8,132 416.9 8,116 417.3 8,125 417.1 8,130 416.5 8,105 415.8 -25 -0.7 425.0 377.8 1,456.5 1,143.4 428.2 375.1 1,468.6 1,140.3 428.7 373.9 1,467.7 1,137.6 429.5 373.7 1,464.1 1,131.2 419.6 377.1 1,455.5 1,139.6 422.1 373.1 1,459.6 1,131.1 423.6 372.7 1,461.5 1,129.9 423.3 372.7 1,460.5 1,127.5 -0.3 0.0 -1.0 -2.4 1,115.0 1,106.0 1,109.0 1,101.7 1,108.3 1,100.1 1,099.6 1,097.1 -2.5 163.8 159.8 160.6 160.2 163.1 159.8 159.6 159.2 -0.4 86.4 86.2 85.9 84.9 86.4 85.3 85.1 84.8 -0.3 395.4 394.7 395.7 392.9 392.4 391.7 391.6 391.3 -0.3 437.7 434.1 435.5 432.2 435.4 432.4 432.5 430.9 -1.6 31.7 31.2 31.3 31.5 31.1 30.8 30.8 30.9 0.1 417.4 1,805.8 1,048.2 408.0 1,859.8 1,078.5 407.8 1,847.0 1,065.4 402.7 1,854.0 1,079.1 416.8 1,799.6 1,042.7 406.4 1,854.1 1,077.7 405.4 1,862.0 1,084.0 401.7 1,850.0 1,078.1 -3.7 -12.0 -5.9 356.3 629.7 345.3 623.0 340.2 622.2 339.2 619.2 355.6 626.3 342.5 619.2 339.8 618.5 338.3 617.9 -1.5 -0.6 4,854 1,734.1 90.4 98.0 89.6 352.3 368.3 4,843 1,738.9 89.7 95.3 84.5 348.2 362.0 4,858 1,750.7 90.4 94.6 84.3 350.3 361.0 4,850 1,755.3 89.5 93.8 84.0 350.1 358.8 4,825 1,720.5 90.1 98.3 89.4 353.5 367.8 4,820 1,738.3 89.3 95.6 83.8 348.4 361.1 4,821 1,739.6 89.8 94.6 84.0 350.2 360.0 4,822 1,743.9 88.8 93.2 84.2 350.6 358.4 1 4.3 -1.0 -1.4 0.2 0.4 -1.6 110.6 901.7 111.7 904.5 110.7 908.1 111.8 901.8 108.2 900.4 109.0 900.5 108.3 902.0 108.8 900.5 0.5 -1.5 735.8 729.8 726.1 724.3 733.8 724.9 723.6 723.6 0.0 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Seasonally adjusted Aug. 2024p Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Change from: July2024 Aug.2024p Nondurable goods - Continued Beverage, tobacco, and leather and allied product manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373.4 378.5 381.4 380.2 363.2 368.7 369.1 369.8 Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,410 114,141 114,140 114,071 111,931 113,436 113,490 113,598 Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,712 29,017 28,974 28,924 28,840 29,036 29,045 29,047 0.7 108 2 Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merchant wholesalers, durable goods. . . . . . . Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods. . . Wholesale trade agents and brokers. . . . . . . . 6,137.5 3,403.5 2,215.3 518.7 6,200.6 3,456.1 2,232.7 511.8 6,210.2 3,464.1 2,231.4 514.7 6,201.8 3,458.6 2,228.6 514.6 6,121.6 3,397.2 2,207.7 516.7 6,169.8 3,442.1 2,215.2 512.5 6,177.1 3,447.4 2,216.9 512.8 6,182.0 3,448.7 2,220.3 513.0 4.9 1.3 3.4 0.2 Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automotive parts, accessories, and tire retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food and beverage retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture, home furnishings, electronics, and appliance retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and home furnishings retailers.. . Electronics and appliance retailers. . . . . . . . General merchandise retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehouse clubs, supercenters, and other general merchandise retailers. . . . Health and personal care retailers. . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline stations and fuel dealers. . . . . . . . . . Clothing, clothing accessories, shoe, and jewelry retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, book, and miscellaneous retailers. . . . . . . . . 15,561.9 2,061.1 1,280.3 185.5 15,683.3 2,085.9 1,307.4 176.3 15,678.5 2,090.0 1,310.0 176.4 15,619.4 2,089.4 1,310.7 171.3 15,593.8 2,048.0 1,276.6 178.6 15,664.9 2,073.5 1,304.5 167.4 15,661.5 2,077.9 1,308.2 167.3 15,650.4 2,080.4 1,308.6 165.7 -11.1 2.5 0.4 -1.6 595.3 602.2 603.6 607.4 592.8 601.6 602.4 606.2 3.8 1,406.1 3,248.3 1,434.2 3,269.0 1,404.5 3,274.3 1,377.8 3,264.4 1,401.5 3,239.6 1,381.7 3,262.0 1,376.6 3,258.4 1,374.6 3,260.3 -2.0 1.9 829.2 422.4 406.8 3,185.0 939.7 801.5 413.3 388.2 3,248.1 946.4 800.7 410.9 389.8 3,262.6 954.7 807.1 412.4 394.7 3,253.7 949.0 841.0 430.4 410.6 3,237.1 964.0 814.3 418.1 396.2 3,282.1 969.4 814.9 418.4 396.5 3,289.2 969.7 816.4 418.4 397.9 3,287.0 964.5 1.5 0.0 1.4 -2.2 -5.2 2,245.3 1,081.6 1,075.5 2,301.7 1,088.7 1,092.2 2,307.9 1,078.8 1,092.0 2,304.7 1,073.3 1,089.3 2,273.1 1,096.7 1,062.2 2,312.7 1,097.2 1,080.0 2,319.5 1,092.8 1,079.9 2,322.4 1,086.2 1,080.1 2.9 -6.6 0.2 1,142.2 1,122.5 1,125.4 1,121.0 1,139.8 1,134.8 1,131.5 1,126.0 -5.5 1,532.9 1,541.2 1,550.2 1,543.4 1,527.9 1,539.3 1,540.3 1,539.4 -0.9 Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transit and ground passenger transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,434.6 559.1 153.0 73.4 1,560.9 6,540.3 580.8 151.6 78.6 1,558.9 6,490.7 579.0 150.8 78.5 1,560.6 6,511.9 579.4 150.8 76.8 1,562.4 6,548.7 555.7 153.0 70.9 1,543.1 6,610.9 576.7 151.9 75.8 1,546.9 6,616.5 575.2 151.2 75.0 1,544.9 6,624.4 577.7 151.2 73.7 1,543.5 7.9 2.5 0.0 -1.3 -1.4 372.3 52.2 37.3 825.4 1,028.8 1,772.2 431.7 54.1 41.7 848.0 1,041.7 1,753.2 379.0 55.0 43.9 853.5 1,032.5 1,757.9 382.6 53.2 44.6 852.5 1,044.6 1,765.0 431.4 51.9 29.7 823.6 1,091.4 1,798.0 442.4 54.0 35.6 851.5 1,095.5 1,780.6 437.2 54.6 36.1 855.0 1,099.4 1,787.9 441.7 53.3 36.7 855.6 1,099.2 1,791.8 4.5 -1.3 0.6 0.6 -0.2 3.9 589.7 -0.2 Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577.6 Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Motion picture and sound recording industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Publishing industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Broadcasting and content providers. . . . . . . . . . . Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computing infrastructure providers, data processing, web hosting, and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Web search portals, libraries, archives, and other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,021 Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monetary authorities-central bank. . . . . . . . . . . Credit intermediation and related activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 592.8 3,031 594.1 3,026 591.2 3,023 576.3 2,997 590.1 3,015 589.9 3,000 2,993 -7 419.3 944.0 342.2 641.6 460.3 931.9 340.1 627.1 462.8 929.1 337.9 624.7 458.6 927.1 336.8 627.7 404.8 936.3 343.0 641.8 449.2 925.7 340.3 626.9 448.5 920.4 338.7 623.7 444.3 916.7 337.5 624.4 -4.2 -3.7 -1.2 0.7 495.8 494.8 495.6 496.0 494.5 496.5 493.9 494.4 0.5 177.6 177.2 175.7 177.1 176.2 176.7 174.6 175.2 0.6 9,278 6,768.0 22.7 9,279 6,760.5 22.9 9,319 6,781.6 23.1 9,313 6,776.6 23.3 9,223 6,747.2 22.6 9,248 6,751.3 22.8 9,247 6,749.4 22.7 9,258 6,754.7 23.0 11 5.3 0.3 2,639.4 2,589.2 2,590.3 2,587.1 2,630.3 2,584.5 2,580.4 2,582.2 1.8 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Industry Seasonally adjusted Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Change from: July2024 Aug.2024p 1,806.6 1,398.4 537.6 295.2 1,779.1 1,366.3 526.4 283.7 1,779.2 1,366.4 530.2 280.9 1,776.4 1,363.7 529.4 281.3 1,800.6 1,393.0 535.9 293.8 1,774.0 1,362.9 526.1 284.4 1,770.8 1,360.1 527.9 281.8 1,770.5 1,359.1 528.5 283.1 -0.3 -1.0 0.6 1.3 1,117.3 2,988.6 2,510.2 1,874.0 613.0 1,123.5 3,024.9 2,518.7 1,892.3 602.7 1,134.2 3,034.0 2,537.0 1,907.9 605.3 1,130.9 3,035.3 2,535.9 1,906.9 605.2 1,107.6 2,986.7 2,476.1 1,859.2 594.0 1,121.4 3,022.6 2,496.5 1,885.0 588.2 1,120.4 3,025.9 2,497.5 1,889.2 584.8 1,120.3 3,029.2 2,503.6 1,892.7 587.4 -0.1 3.3 6.1 3.5 2.6 23.5 0.0 Credit intermediation and related Continued Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . . Activities related to credit intermediation.. . Securities, commodity contracts, funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles, investments, and related activities. . . . . . . . Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets (except copyrighted works). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional, scientific, and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Architectural, engineering, and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer systems design and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management, scientific, and technical consulting services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scientific research and development services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising, public relations, and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other professional, scientific, and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management of companies and enterprises. . . Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services. . . . . Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . . Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Travel arrangement and reservation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investigation and security services. . . . . . . . Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Waste management and remediation services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . Private educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offices of other health practitioners. . . . . Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . . Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Other ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See footnotes at end of table. 23.2 23.7 23.8 23.8 22.9 23.3 23.5 22,980 23,071 23,047 23,068 22,865 22,980 22,967 22,975 8 10,870.2 1,180.3 11,035.7 1,194.5 11,074.0 1,192.5 11,039.1 1,175.9 10,861.9 1,182.8 11,028.5 1,183.7 11,026.0 1,182.2 11,039.4 1,179.9 13.4 -2.3 1,107.8 1,142.3 1,136.7 1,123.3 1,152.3 1,173.7 1,168.7 1,170.2 1.5 1,690.8 154.7 1,726.7 151.7 1,738.2 152.9 1,735.3 153.4 1,668.7 154.2 1,705.5 151.8 1,709.0 152.6 1,709.8 153.3 0.8 0.7 2,520.4 2,539.9 2,560.5 2,559.7 2,507.6 2,546.0 2,548.4 2,551.8 3.4 1,877.1 1,902.7 1,908.5 1,899.4 1,875.5 1,901.6 1,903.1 1,901.7 -1.4 952.1 966.2 971.7 971.7 940.7 958.0 956.9 961.1 4.2 511.0 525.2 524.4 521.6 509.2 522.3 521.7 520.5 -1.2 876.0 2,575.2 886.5 2,572.6 888.6 2,579.3 898.8 2,566.7 870.7 2,566.4 886.0 2,559.1 883.5 2,562.1 891.2 2,555.2 7.7 -6.9 9,534.1 9,025.1 624.2 173.3 3,584.2 2,816.0 734.3 9,462.7 8,936.7 632.3 182.6 3,442.1 2,667.5 694.5 9,393.7 8,867.8 636.7 184.1 3,365.4 2,590.1 688.1 9,461.7 8,934.9 635.0 184.4 3,437.3 2,651.4 689.0 9,436.8 8,934.7 619.7 170.7 3,612.3 2,843.6 740.3 9,391.9 8,871.4 632.2 181.5 3,495.6 2,715.6 703.0 9,379.0 8,859.3 632.8 182.3 3,480.3 2,697.5 698.2 9,379.9 8,859.2 632.7 182.1 3,479.5 2,694.6 695.0 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.8 -2.9 -3.2 194.3 1,004.5 2,370.3 340.0 194.7 1,021.6 2,420.5 348.4 196.5 1,021.7 2,428.1 347.2 198.7 1,026.7 2,416.6 347.2 191.8 1,002.6 2,260.5 336.8 193.3 1,022.2 2,300.2 343.4 194.7 1,023.2 2,302.5 345.4 196.3 1,023.8 2,304.7 345.1 1.6 0.6 2.2 -0.3 509.0 526.0 525.9 526.8 502.1 520.5 519.7 520.7 1.0 25,218 3,567.4 21,650.2 17,056.0 8,501.3 2,932.7 1,033.9 1,163.5 1,059.2 322.4 1,638.4 26,143 3,678.9 22,463.6 17,636.9 8,797.4 3,031.3 1,043.7 1,205.0 1,086.8 317.3 1,757.4 26,095 3,576.9 22,518.4 17,708.5 8,825.9 3,035.0 1,045.1 1,208.5 1,089.8 317.4 1,775.1 26,190 3,607.9 22,581.7 17,752.0 8,861.3 3,042.7 1,045.5 1,221.2 1,091.7 317.9 1,782.6 25,479 3,826.6 21,652.6 17,045.9 8,505.6 2,936.7 1,029.5 1,162.6 1,061.2 322.0 1,641.7 26,336 3,865.9 22,470.5 17,649.8 8,808.8 3,036.4 1,041.5 1,210.2 1,089.6 318.4 1,755.7 26,391 3,862.0 22,529.3 17,701.0 8,835.4 3,038.4 1,041.8 1,212.1 1,091.4 318.6 1,775.4 26,438 3,864.7 22,573.4 17,731.9 8,859.3 3,045.5 1,040.8 1,220.2 1,093.1 318.7 1,780.9 47 2.7 44.1 30.9 23.9 7.1 -1.0 8.1 1.7 0.1 5.5 351.2 5,364.5 355.9 5,550.0 355.0 5,577.1 359.7 5,585.8 351.9 5,360.3 357.0 5,558.3 357.7 5,574.5 360.1 5,584.1 2.4 9.6 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail — Continued [In thousands] Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Change from: July2024 Aug.2024p Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . . Skilled nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . . Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . . Community food and housing, and emergency and other relief services. . . . Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . . Child care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,190.2 1,434.6 3,289.5 1,468.5 3,305.5 1,479.4 3,304.9 1,477.4 3,180.0 1,429.6 3,282.7 1,467.2 3,291.1 1,471.6 3,288.5 1,468.0 -2.6 -3.6 642.4 672.7 675.6 674.9 640.7 670.4 672.8 672.6 -0.2 956.0 157.2 4,594.2 3,063.0 980.4 167.9 4,826.7 3,245.7 983.3 167.2 4,809.9 3,258.0 988.0 164.6 4,829.7 3,273.2 953.3 156.4 4,606.7 3,061.9 978.3 166.8 4,820.7 3,242.6 981.0 165.7 4,828.3 3,248.2 984.3 163.7 4,841.5 3,266.4 3.3 -2.0 13.2 18.2 220.4 283.1 1,027.7 232.4 292.3 1,056.3 233.0 295.4 1,023.5 232.0 290.8 1,033.7 221.9 280.8 1,042.1 231.7 289.7 1,056.7 233.1 291.7 1,055.2 232.9 289.5 1,052.7 -0.2 -2.2 -2.5 Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 17,306 2,807.7 17,611 2,937.3 17,691 3,001.2 17,594 2,927.3 16,681 2,549.5 16,906 2,660.0 16,930 2,667.7 16,976 2,680.0 46 12.3 612.8 661.7 662.2 669.0 588.2 629.1 635.5 645.8 10.3 183.3 191.0 193.8 187.7 173.7 178.3 178.0 177.9 -0.1 2,011.6 14,498.3 2,024.6 12,473.7 2,084.6 14,673.6 2,035.9 12,637.7 2,145.2 14,689.7 2,072.3 12,617.4 2,070.6 14,666.6 2,045.6 12,621.0 1,787.6 14,131.4 1,897.5 12,233.9 1,852.6 14,245.6 1,912.2 12,333.4 1,854.2 14,262.3 1,914.5 12,347.8 1,856.3 14,295.8 1,918.1 12,377.7 2.1 33.5 3.6 29.9 5,895 1,467.5 1,546.9 5,989 1,493.6 1,569.3 5,988 1,486.0 1,572.7 5,959 1,483.2 1,570.8 5,846 1,459.8 1,543.0 5,915 1,481.4 1,555.0 5,910 1,475.6 1,561.7 5,911 1,478.1 1,563.7 1 2.5 2.0 Industry Health care - Continued 1 Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,880.3 2,925.7 2,929.5 2,904.9 2,842.9 2,878.5 2,872.7 2,869.1 -3.6 Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 22,029 2,946 2,344.4 601.4 5,069 2,312.9 2,755.9 14,014 7,231.6 6,782.2 23,134 2,996 2,391.6 603.9 5,186 2,357.2 2,828.5 14,952 7,981.4 6,970.8 22,131 3,010 2,401.4 608.4 5,108 2,268.5 2,839.3 14,013 6,992.1 7,020.8 22,456 3,006 2,405.2 601.1 5,184 2,338.2 2,846.1 14,266 7,292.9 6,972.7 22,853 2,939 2,332.4 606.9 5,329 2,586.3 2,742.5 14,585 7,989.1 6,596.0 23,300 2,996 2,388.3 607.4 5,436 2,624.7 2,811.1 14,868 8,070.4 6,797.5 23,315 2,996 2,389.6 606.6 5,446 2,624.5 2,821.5 14,873 8,090.7 6,782.5 23,339 2,997 2,391.1 605.7 5,447 2,621.3 2,826.0 14,895 8,095.9 6,799.2 24 1 1.5 -0.9 1 -3.2 4.5 22 5.2 16.7 Includes other industries, not shown separately. Includes motor vehicle manufacturing, motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing, and motor vehicle parts manufacturing. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2023 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. 2 ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 34.4 39.9 45.3 39.1 40.1 40.7 39.1 33.3 33.9 38.8 29.9 38.3 41.9 36.5 37.4 36.5 33.4 25.3 32.2 34.3 40.0 44.5 39.3 40.2 40.6 39.5 33.2 33.8 39.0 29.6 38.1 42.2 36.5 37.5 36.4 33.1 25.3 32.3 34.2 39.7 44.2 38.9 39.9 40.3 39.3 33.2 33.9 39.2 29.7 38.0 42.0 36.6 37.3 36.5 33.0 25.3 32.3 34.3 39.8 44.6 39.0 40.0 40.5 39.2 33.2 33.9 39.4 29.7 38.0 42.4 36.6 37.5 36.5 33.1 25.2 32.2 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.................................................................. . 2.9 3.0 2.7 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.9 Industry p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2023 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities.................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality............................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $33.91 34.33 38.26 36.76 32.63 34.17 29.95 33.82 29.21 37.00 24.02 29.49 49.96 48.44 43.89 40.69 33.32 21.33 30.61 $34.99 35.73 39.80 38.11 34.04 36.04 30.56 34.81 29.93 37.68 24.42 30.62 50.78 49.57 45.45 42.15 34.18 22.06 31.39 $35.07 35.83 39.66 38.25 34.12 36.13 30.64 34.89 29.95 37.70 24.40 30.67 51.08 49.78 45.60 42.27 34.26 22.13 31.59 $35.21 35.95 39.71 38.36 34.24 36.21 30.83 35.04 30.09 37.71 24.57 30.79 51.57 50.24 45.89 42.44 34.34 22.18 31.72 $1,166.50 1,369.77 1,733.18 1,437.32 1,308.46 1,390.72 1,171.05 1,126.21 990.22 1,435.60 718.20 1,129.47 2,093.32 1,768.06 1,641.49 1,485.19 1,112.89 539.65 985.64 $1,200.16 1,429.20 1,771.10 1,497.72 1,368.41 1,463.22 1,207.12 1,155.69 1,011.63 1,469.52 722.83 1,166.62 2,142.92 1,809.31 1,704.38 1,534.26 1,131.36 558.12 1,013.90 $1,199.39 1,422.45 1,752.97 1,487.93 1,361.39 1,456.04 1,204.15 1,158.35 1,015.31 1,477.84 724.68 1,165.46 2,145.36 1,821.95 1,700.88 1,542.86 1,130.58 559.89 1,020.36 $1,207.70 1,430.81 1,771.07 1,496.04 1,369.60 1,466.51 1,208.54 1,163.33 1,020.05 1,485.77 729.73 1,170.02 2,186.57 1,838.78 1,720.88 1,549.06 1,136.65 558.94 1,021.38 p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2023 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours1 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2 Industry Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Percent change from: July 2024 Aug. 2024p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Private education and health services.. . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.3 98.4 91.7 108.5 93.4 93.0 94.2 120.0 106.8 104.8 94.9 144.1 104.5 99.9 113.0 130.6 139.0 120.4 108.5 116.5 99.4 88.7 111.5 93.6 92.9 95.0 121.2 107.2 106.1 94.4 144.7 107.7 100.5 113.6 130.9 142.3 122.0 110.2 116.2 98.7 88.2 110.6 93.0 92.2 94.6 121.3 107.6 106.8 94.7 144.5 107.2 100.3 113.0 131.1 142.2 122.2 110.1 116.6 99.0 89.0 111.3 93.0 92.4 94.3 121.4 107.6 107.4 94.6 144.6 108.2 100.1 113.7 131.2 142.9 122.1 109.7 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.6 0.0 0.2 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.6 -0.1 0.1 0.9 -0.2 0.6 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.4 1 Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Percent change from: July 2024 Aug. 2024p 187.0 152.6 140.8 173.3 141.7 141.1 143.1 197.3 168.3 162.2 150.7 216.2 172.5 172.3 193.4 215.2 222.7 207.2 182.1 194.8 160.5 141.7 184.7 148.2 148.7 147.4 205.2 173.1 167.3 152.4 225.4 180.8 177.4 201.4 223.4 234.1 217.2 189.5 194.8 159.9 140.4 183.8 147.5 148.0 147.0 205.7 173.8 168.4 152.7 225.4 180.9 177.8 201.0 224.6 234.4 218.2 190.6 196.3 160.9 141.9 185.5 148.1 148.6 147.6 206.8 174.6 169.5 153.7 226.6 184.3 179.0 203.6 225.5 236.1 218.4 190.8 0.8 0.6 1.1 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.5 1.9 0.7 1.3 0.4 0.7 0.1 0.1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2023 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees Industry Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods................................. . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................... . Information........................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . Private education and health services. . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................... . Government............................................ . 77,933 64,609 4,985 84 1,144 3,757 2,022 1,735 59,624 11,296 1,879.5 7,516.8 1,747.8 151.9 1,224 5,120 10,532 19,594 8,738 3,120 13,324 78,965 65,369 5,012 87 1,175 3,750 2,010 1,740 60,357 11,288 1,869.7 7,520.7 1,742.8 155.1 1,202 5,143 10,531 20,240 8,796 3,157 13,596 79,040 65,411 5,014 86 1,178 3,750 2,006 1,744 60,397 11,302 1,879.2 7,522.7 1,745.0 154.6 1,195 5,138 10,501 20,268 8,833 3,160 13,629 79,094 65,464 5,011 86 1,180 3,745 2,004 1,741 60,453 11,293 1,881.3 7,515.5 1,741.3 154.7 1,197 5,141 10,513 20,310 8,837 3,162 13,630 49.8 48.4 23.0 13.0 14.2 29.0 24.9 36.0 53.3 39.2 30.7 48.2 26.7 26.4 40.8 55.5 46.1 76.9 52.4 53.4 58.3 49.8 48.3 23.0 13.7 14.3 29.0 24.7 36.1 53.2 38.9 30.3 48.0 26.4 26.3 39.9 55.6 45.8 76.9 52.0 53.4 58.4 49.8 48.3 23.0 13.5 14.3 29.0 24.7 36.2 53.2 38.9 30.4 48.0 26.4 26.2 39.8 55.6 45.7 76.8 52.2 53.5 58.5 49.8 48.3 22.9 13.5 14.3 29.0 24.7 36.1 53.2 38.9 30.4 48.0 26.3 26.2 40.0 55.5 45.8 76.8 52.1 53.5 58.4 p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2023 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [In thousands] Industry Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................................................... . Manufacturing....................................................................... . Durable goods.................................................................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... . Wholesale trade.................................................................. . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing............................................... . Utilities............................................................................. . Information........................................................................... . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services.............................................. . Private education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services....................................................................... . 108,576 15,478 495 5,914 9,069 5,593 3,476 93,098 24,298 4,833.7 13,289.6 5,717.1 457.8 2,400 6,906 18,055 22,147 14,525 4,767 110,119 15,538 489 6,005 9,044 5,544 3,500 94,581 24,530 4,872.7 13,418.6 5,769.4 469.3 2,414 6,970 18,106 22,979 14,771 4,811 110,159 15,542 488 6,012 9,042 5,537 3,505 94,617 24,561 4,883.9 13,427.7 5,780.5 468.9 2,407 6,970 18,087 23,035 14,756 4,801 110,267 15,558 490 6,036 9,032 5,526 3,506 94,709 24,570 4,893.0 13,422.2 5,786.2 468.6 2,391 6,982 18,080 23,092 14,797 4,797 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2023 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS Total private............................................................................ . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging............................................................... . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods............................................................. . Private service-providing........................................................... . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade..................................................................... . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities.......................................................................... . Information........................................................................ . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services.................................................................... . 33.8 40.6 47.8 39.8 40.8 41.0 40.4 32.7 34.0 38.8 30.4 37.6 42.3 36.1 37.0 36.3 32.5 24.1 31.2 33.7 40.7 47.0 40.1 40.8 41.0 40.4 32.6 33.9 39.0 30.2 37.6 42.6 35.6 37.0 36.4 32.2 24.0 31.3 33.7 40.5 46.6 39.7 40.6 40.7 40.5 32.5 33.9 39.1 30.2 37.5 42.5 35.5 37.0 36.4 32.2 23.9 31.2 33.7 40.6 46.7 39.8 40.7 41.0 40.3 32.5 34.0 39.3 30.2 37.5 42.5 35.5 37.0 36.4 32.1 23.9 31.3 AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS Manufacturing.......................................................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods.................................................................. . 3.6 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.6 Industry 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2023 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing...................................... . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction......................................... . Manufacturing....................................... . Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities................ . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities.................................. . Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . Leisure and hospitality............................. . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $29.09 29.76 34.06 34.49 26.48 27.59 24.66 28.95 25.39 30.51 20.60 28.20 44.43 39.86 34.01 34.38 30.37 18.92 26.43 $30.07 31.06 36.32 35.58 27.79 29.28 25.38 29.86 26.02 31.26 20.93 29.17 45.22 40.78 35.74 35.50 31.35 19.53 27.12 $30.16 31.20 36.40 35.71 27.94 29.51 25.46 29.95 26.02 31.26 20.92 29.21 45.07 40.70 35.82 35.70 31.45 19.60 27.27 $30.27 31.26 36.52 35.81 27.96 29.48 25.51 30.07 26.14 31.28 21.04 29.36 45.21 40.73 35.94 35.91 31.57 19.66 27.36 $983.24 1,208.26 1,628.07 1,372.70 1,080.38 1,131.19 996.26 946.67 863.26 1,183.79 626.24 1,060.32 1,879.39 1,438.95 1,258.37 1,247.99 987.03 455.97 824.62 $1,013.36 1,264.14 1,707.04 1,426.76 1,133.83 1,200.48 1,025.35 973.44 882.08 1,219.14 632.09 1,096.79 1,926.37 1,451.77 1,322.38 1,292.20 1,009.47 468.72 848.86 $1,016.39 1,263.60 1,696.24 1,417.69 1,134.36 1,201.06 1,031.13 973.38 882.08 1,222.27 631.78 1,095.38 1,915.48 1,444.85 1,325.34 1,299.48 1,012.69 468.44 850.82 $1,020.10 1,269.16 1,705.48 1,425.24 1,137.97 1,208.68 1,028.05 977.28 888.76 1,229.30 635.41 1,101.00 1,921.43 1,445.92 1,329.78 1,307.12 1,013.40 469.87 856.37 1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2023 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1 [2002=100] Index of aggregate weekly hours2 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3 Industry Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Percent change from: July 2024 Aug. 2024p Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Durable goods.......................... . Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . Utilities................................... . Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and business services. . . . . Private education and health services.. . Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.3 96.0 125.7 117.9 84.9 86.1 82.7 129.7 115.6 111.3 102.4 162.7 99.0 98.9 120.3 146.3 153.5 128.2 104.3 123.7 96.6 122.1 120.6 84.7 85.4 83.3 131.4 116.4 112.8 102.7 164.2 102.2 98.1 121.4 147.1 157.8 129.9 105.6 123.7 96.2 120.8 119.5 84.3 84.7 83.6 131.0 116.6 113.3 102.8 164.1 101.9 97.5 121.4 147.0 158.1 129.2 105.1 123.8 96.5 121.6 120.3 84.4 85.1 83.2 131.1 116.9 114.1 102.8 164.2 101.9 96.9 121.6 146.9 158.0 129.5 105.3 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.5 -0.5 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.2 1 Aug. 2023 June 2024 July 2024p Aug. 2024p Percent change from: July 2024 Aug. 2024p 237.8 175.0 249.1 219.5 147.1 148.4 144.2 257.6 209.8 200.4 180.9 292.0 183.7 195.1 251.6 299.2 307.6 275.5 200.9 248.5 183.8 258.0 231.6 153.9 156.1 149.4 269.1 216.5 208.1 184.4 304.8 193.0 198.0 266.9 310.7 326.4 288.0 208.7 249.4 183.8 255.8 230.4 154.0 156.0 150.5 269.1 216.7 209.1 184.4 305.0 191.7 196.5 267.5 312.1 328.3 287.5 208.7 250.5 184.8 258.3 232.6 154.3 156.6 150.1 270.5 218.5 210.7 185.4 306.9 192.2 195.4 268.8 313.8 329.3 289.2 209.9 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.3 -0.6 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.6 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. 2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. 3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. p Preliminary NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2023 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
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